url,date,en_abstract,eu_abstract https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31474,2019-02-11,"English proficiency is a need that keeps growing. However, the English level of students remains quite poor. In the next pages a study about the attitude towards English of students in a specific context is presented. To this end, a questionnaire was created and directed to 200 students of Primary Education out of which 50 are from 3rd grade, 45 from 4th, 52 from 5th and 25 from 6th grade. The results of this questionnaire allow us to know, understand and analyse the attitude of the students towards English and also to interpret the motivation that prevails in each grade","Ingelesa menperatzearen beharra gero eta gehiago areagotzen ari da, aitzitik, ikasleen ingeles mailak nahiko pobrea izaten jarraitzen du. Hurrengo orrialdetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleek, testuinguru zehatz batean, ingelesaren aurrean aurkezten duten jarrera aztertuko da, ikerketa baten bidez. Horretarako, galdetegi bat sortu da Lehen Hezkuntzako 200 ikaslek erantzun dezaten zeinetik 50 3. mailakoak, 45 4. Mailakoak, 52 5. mailakoak eta 53 6. mailakoak izan diren. Ikerketaren emaitzek ikasleek ingelesaren aurrean aurkezten duten jarrera ezagutzea, ulertzea eta aztertzea ahalbidetu dute; baita ikasleek, adinaren arabera ingelesarekiko duten motibazioaren interpretazioa egitea ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29397,2018-10-30,"The objetive of this work is the achievement of the energy certificate of Eneko Madariaga’s home, and based on this qualification, the proposal and the analysis of posible improvements. CE3X software will be used to obtain the qualification of the energy certificate introducing data values in a simple way, offering different improvement proposals. To validate them, a thorough analysis of each proposal will be carried out. In this report necessary steps needed to obtain the certificate will be explained, the explanation of the improvement proposals that could be applied and the new certificate that will be obtained after apply them. In the attachments there is additional information given for the easier comprehension of the process.","Lan honen helburu nagusiak Eneko Madariagaren etxebizitzaren ziurtagiri energetikoaren lorpena, eta hortik abiatuz, hobekuntzarako proposamenak eta azterketa egitea dira. Horretarako CE3X programa erabiliko da eta era sinple batean datuak programan sartuz ziurtagiri energetikoaren kalifikazioa lortuko da eta ondoren hobekuntza aukera desberdinak eskainiko ditu. Hauek balioztatzeko bakoitzaren analisi sakon bat egingo da. Dokumentu honetan ziurtagiria lortzeko beharrezko urratsak azaltzen dira, aplikatu daitezkeen hobekuntzen azalpena eta hobekuntza hauek aplikatu ondoren lortuko den ziurtagiri energetikoaren kalifikazio berria emango dira. Eranskinetan prozesu guztia hobeto ulertzeko informazio gehigarria erakutsiko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22944,2017-09,"The development of new technology, with its advantages and disadvantages, is an unstoppable reality that is changing the way we understand innovation. Innovation degree established in the Basque Country is analyzed in this paper through the system of patents applications. This analysis will be made having a close look at the different types of dispays so as to be able to fully understand how innovation is managed in different areas.","Teknologia berrien garapena errealitate geldiezina da, abantailak eta eragozpenak dituelarik, eta aldaketa garrantzitsuak eragiten ari da berrikuntza ulertzeko moduan. Agiri honetan, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan dagoen berrikuntza maila aztertzen da, hainbat organismoek eskatutako patenten analisia dela medio, geroago eraberritze mapa egin ahal izateko. Berrikuntza maila horrek hainbat adierazle ditu ezaugarri." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47020,2020-10-19,"INGELESA The increase in the use of renewable energy in recent years has led to a more frequent use of them in homes. In order to modify the current heating and SHW (sanitary hot water) systems and, in this way, contribute to thermal comfort, this end-of-degree assignment has been developed. The main goal of this work is to evaluate different renewable sources (aerothermia and geothermia) and conversion systems (radiant floor and fan-coil) and then to select the best option that allows to obtain thermal comfort on Basque Country flats. To achieve this aim, a technical-economic study will be done taking into account the mentioned options. To complete this study, aspects such as, structure and technical part of flats and, characteristics and technical part of the installations required for thermal comfort will be considered. Based on these aspects, and collected data and done calculations, the most suitable option will be chosen. The key conclusion of this study is that, the combination between aerothermia and Fan-coil seems to be the best one when it comes to the aspects studied on the assignment about certain type of houses of the Basque Country.","EUSKERA Azken urteetan energia berriztagarrien erabilera handitu egin da eta ondorioz, etxebizitzetan gero eta gehiago erabiltzen hasi dira. Gaur egungo berokuntza eta UBS (ur bero sanitarioa) sistemak aldatzeko eta horrela konfort termikoari lagunduz, gradu-amaierako lan hau egitea pentsatu da. Lan honen helburua, Euskadiko etxebizitzetan konfort termikoa lortzeko asmoz, energia berriztagarrien (aerotermia eta geotermia) eta konbertsio-sistemen (zoru erradiatzailea eta “Fan-coil”-a) ebaluazioa eta hautabide horien arteko konbinaketa egokiena zehaztea da. Horretarako, planteatutako aukeren azterketa tekniko-ekonomikoa egingo da. Azterketa hau aurrera eramateko, aspektu batzuk izango dira kontutan, eraikinen estruktura eta alde teknikoa eta, konfort termikoa lortzeko beharrezkoak diren instalazioen ezaugarriak eta alde ekonomikoa. Aspektu horietan, eta aurkitutako datu eta kalkuluetan oinarrituz, hautabide multzorik egokiena zein den erabakiko da. Ondorio garrantzitsu modura esan daiteke, aerotermia eta “Fan-coil”-en arteko konbinaketa dela aukera guztietatik egokiena, aztertutako aspektuetan oinarrituta eta erabakitako Euskadiko etxebizitza ereduetarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19574,2016-11-22,"Circular Economy is a new concept which companies are starting to introduce it in their production areas. The main objective of this new topic is to work as the nature does, that is, try to create as little as possible waste and every waste that comes from the production process is introduced again into it. The aim of this work is to present a new way to put into practice this new topic in a sector that is growing nowadays, the automotive sector. With this suggestion the aim is to search for a new way to recycle the critical materials which are part of the automobiles and they are classified as Critical Raw Materials. After the suggestion, the main aim is to achieve a way of recycling these materials in which the materials do not loss value after they are recycled, this is known as upcycling. If we are able to achieve this, we will be able to reduce the amount of these materials that are extracted from the nature.","Ekonomi Zirkularra gaur egun empresetan erabiltzen ari den ideia berri bat da. Ideia honek proposatzen du naturak egiten duen bezala lan egitea, hau da, produkzio prozesuetan agertzen diren hondakinak berriz ere hauetan sartzea. Lan honen bitartez, gaur egun garrantzi handia duen sektore batean ideia hau praktikan jartzeko proposamena egin nahi da, automobilen sektorean hain zuzen ere. Hau lortzeko egindako proposamena automobiletan dauden material kritikoak birziklatzeko beste modu bat bilatzea da. Proposamen honen bitartez, material hauek upcycling deitzen den prozezu baten bidez birziklatu nahi dira eta horrela birziklatu aurretik zuten balioa mantenduko dute. Hau lortzen bada, murriztuak diren material hauen erauzketa gutxituko da eta honek bizi garen planeta zaintzen lagunduko gaitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62761,2023-10-09,"This technical document reports on the final degree work called design, simulation and prototyping of portable equipment to detect environmental temperature and humidity using photovoltaic energy. It takes solar energy and becomes electric by means of a photovoltaic plate, which will be stored in a battery. A switched buck regulator has been designed for this purpose. The voltage of the plate varies from 6 V to 4.2 V by modifying the duty cycle of a PWM signal produced by the ATMega328 U microcontroller. The battery feeds the circuit. the DHT22 sensor collects temperature and humidity data that are visualized in two ways: on the one hand in the prototype itself using an OLED screen and on the other through the HC-05 bluetooth device in a mobile app. After the design, simulations have been developed through the Proteus program and, after ensuring proper operation, assemblies have been conducted on a protoboard. Then, also through Proteus, a layout has been designed and the prototype has been manufactured on a PCB. Finally, to protect the prototype and make it portable, the housing has been designed through Solid Edge and manufactured using a 3D printer.","Energia fotovoltaikoa erabiliz inguruneko tenperatura eta hezetasuna antzemateko ekipo eramangarri baten diseinua, simulazioa eta prototipaketa izeneko gradu amaierako lanaren berri ematen du dokumentu tekniko honek. Eguzki energia hartu eta plaka fotovoltaiko baten bitartez elektriko bihurtzen da, bateria batetan bilduko dena. Horretarako buck erreguladore konmutatu bat diseinatu da: plakaren tentsioa 6 V-etik 4,2 V-era jaitsi egiten da, ATMega328 U mikrokontroladoreak sortzen duen PWM seinale baten duty cycle-a aldatuz. Bateriak zirkuitua elikatzen du. DHT22 sentsoreak tenperatura eta hezetasun datuak biltzen ditu eta datu horiek bi modutara bistaratzen dira: alde batetik prototipoan bertan OLED pantaila bat erabiliz eta bestetik, HC-05 bluetooth gailuaren bitartez mugikorreko aplikazio batetan. Diseinua egin eta gero, simulazioak garatu dira Proteus programaren bitartez eta funtzionamendu egokia bermatu ostean, protoboard batetan egin dira muntaketak. Gero, Proteusen bitartez baita ere, layout bat diseinatu da eta PCB batetan fabrikatu da prototipoa. Amaitzeko, prototipoa babesteko eta eramangarria izateko, Solid Edge bitartez diseinatu da karkasa eta 3D inprimagailu bat erabiliz fabrikatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73236,2025-05-07,"The development of oral language is an essential subject in Early Childhood Education. In fact, the main objective of this Final Degree Project is to become aware of the strategies used by an Infant Education teacher to promote the oral language development of his/her students. Indeed, to achieve this objective, a 4-year-old classroom of D language model has been chosen, five situations have been selected and the intervention of a teacher in those five situations has been recorded. After transcribing the data, the strategies used by the teacher have been identified, and their appropriateness has been discussed. The results have shown that the most frequently used strategy are closed questions, which are not the most appropriate strategy to promote students´ oral language development. Finally, a reflection on the importance of teachers reflecting on their own practice has been conducted.","Ahozko hizkuntzaren garapena Haur Hezkuntzan funtsezkoa den gaia da. Zehazki, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Haur Hezkuntzako irakasle batek bere ikasleen ahozko hizkuntzaren garapena bultzatzeko eta euskararen erabilera suspertzeko erabiltzen dituen estrategiak ezagutzea da. Helburu hori lortzeko ikerketa bat egin da; konkretuki, Haur Hezkuntzako D hizkuntza-ereduko 4 urteko ikasgela bat aukeratu da, bost egoera hautatu dira eta ondoren, irakasle baten esku-hartzea bost egoera horietan grabatu da. Datu horiek transkribatu ondoren irakasleak erabilitako estrategiak identifikatu dira, eta jarraian horien egokitasuna eztabaidatu da. Emaitzek erakutsi dute gehien erabili den estrategia galdera itxiak izan direla, ahozko hizkuntzaren garapena suspertzeko egokienak ez direnak. Azkenik, irakasleek haien esku-hartzeari buruzko hausnarketa egitearen garrantziaz hausnartu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25478,1997,"The experts’ technique is established as an instrumental science on the Administration of Justice service, being the experts’ proof an indirect and scientific way of proof, by means of which the judges want to value and appreciate technically some facts already provided to the process by other means of proof. In this context, must be distinguished the expertise as a way of proof and as a source of proof. This last one verifys a reality or determines some facts.","Peritu-frogen teknika Justizi Administrazioaren zerbitzupeko tresna da, eta peritu bidezko froga gertaerak zeharbidez frogatzeko era zientifikoa, auzibidera beste froga-bide batzuez ekarri diren gertaerak epaileek teknikoki balora eta aintzat har ditzaten erabiltzen dena. Gauzak horrela, bereizi beharra dago peritu-lana frogabide gisa eta froga-iturri gisa; froga-iturri gisa, errealitatea egiaztatzea edo gertaerak zehaztea xede duen jarduera da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72723,2025-02-13,"This final degree project presents the preliminary study for the installation of a hydroelectric power plant in the irrigation network of the municipality of Lens, Switzerland, which was carried out from July to October 2022 at the ‘Haute École Spécialisée de Suisse occidentale, Valais/Walis’. In this project, a closed conduit from the Grand Bisse de Lens to a water reservoir for irrigation is analysed. Between the Grand Bisse de Lens and the reservoir there is a difference in height of 96 metres, with a flow rate of approximately 70 l/s. After studying the terrain and understanding it, two possible scenarios are analysed. The first scenario consists of installing a hydropower plant before releasing the water into the reservoir. In terms of hydraulic development, this is not very complex, but when it comes to connecting the hydroelectric power plant to the grid, the problem of the distances to the possible connection rooms arises, given that this reservoir is isolated. Therefore, a second scenario arises in which it is decided to extend the closed conduit to the next town called Flanthey. This would reach a height difference of 290 metres, but hydraulically there would be the problem of feeding the reservoir and therefore not knowing the exact flow of water that could be turbined. In both scenarios, a Pelton turbine with 2 injectors is chosen. After sizing and budgeting the different scenarios, the average price is between 463.000 Swiss Francs (CHF) and 870.000 CHF for scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. To achieve an internal rate of return (IRR) of 4.5% over 25 years, it is considered that the optimal energy price for the implementation of any of the proposals to be economically viable should be between 28 CHF cents per kWh and 88 CHF cents per kWh, respectively.","Gradu-amaierako lan honetan, Suitzako Lens udalerriko ureztatze-sarean zentral hidrauliko bat instalatzeko aurretiazko azterketa aurkezten da. Azterlan hori 2022ko uztailetik urrira bitartean garatu zen, ""Haute École Spécialisée de Suisse occidentale, Valais/Walis"" delakoan. Proiektu honetan, Grand Bisse de Lensetik ureztatzeko ur-urtegi baterainoko hodi itxi bat aztertzen da. Grand Bisse de Lens eta urtegiaren artean 96 metroko desnibela dago, 70 l/s-ko emariarekin gutxi gorabehera. Lurra aztertu ondoren, bi egoera posible aurkezten dira. Lehenengo egoera da zentral hidrauliko bat jartzea ura urtegira iritsi aurretik. Garapen hidraulikoari begira, ez du konplexutasun handirik, baina zentral hidroelektrikoa sarera konektatzeko orduan, arazoak sortzen dira balizko konexio-geletarako distantzietan, urtegi hori isolatuta baitago. Hori dela eta, bigarren egoera azalarazten da, zeinen Flanthey izeneko herriraino hodi itxia luzatzea erabakitzen den. Horrekin 290 metroko desnibelera iritsiko litzateke, baina hidraulikoki urtegiaren elikaduraren arazoa sortuko litzateke, eta horrekin batera, turbinara irits litekeen ur-emaria zehatz-mehatz ez jakitea. Bi egoeretan, 2 injektoreko Pelton turbina bat erabiltzea erabaki da. Bi egoera hauek dimentsionatu eta aurrekontuetan sartu ondoren, batez besteko prezioa 463000 franko suitzarren (CHF) eta 870000 CHF artean dago, 1. eta 2. kasuetarako, hurrenez hurren. 25 urterako % 4,5eko barne-itzulerako tasa (TRI) lortzeko, proposamenetako bat ekonomikoki bideragarria izateko energiaren prezio optimoa kWh bakoitzeko 28 CHF zentimo eta kWh bakoitzeko 88 CHF zentimo artekoa izan beharko litzateke, hurrenez hurren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50982,2021-04-15,"The Final Degree Essay presented below is based on a Service-Learning project carried out in an education center in Vitoria-Gasteiz. As it is a center with a great cultural diversity and a low socio-economic profile, the aim of the project is to promote the integration of 5th and 6th grade Primary students through cooperative games. The sessions have been conducted with two different groups and have taken place during the free hours before the lunch time. First, I will explain what Service-Learning consists of and present its main characteristics based on different authors with experience in this subject. Furthermore, we will learn about the contribution that Service-Learning projects make to achieve an inclusive education. Once the theoretical aspects are known, I will explain the process followed during these months and I will present my service proposal together with the objectives I wanted to achieve. Then, we will know the results of the proposal considering the response that the students have had, the relationships in the group or the roles identified. At the end of the work, I will present the main conclusions drawn, such as the importance that this type of practice can have in the Degree of Primary Education or the contribution of these proposals to the benefit of inclusive education.","Hurrengo orrialdeetan aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lana Gasteizko eskola batean Ikaskuntza-Zerbitzuaren bidez aurrera eramandako proiektu batean oinarritzen da. Aniztasun kultural handiko eta profil sozioekonomiko baxuko ikastetxea izanik, proiektu honen xedea jolas kooperatiboen bitartez Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailako ikasleen integrazioa sustatzea da. Saio hauek bi talde desberdinekin burutu dira eta jantokiko ordutegian jarri dira martxan. Hasteko, Ikaskuntza-Zerbitzua zertan datzan azaldu eta ikaskuntza honen ezaugarrien azalpena emango dut gai honetan adituak diren autoreen ideietan oinarrituz. Gainera, ikaskuntza mota honek hezkuntza inklusiboari egiten dizkion ekarpenak ezagutuko ditugu. Behin aspektu teorikoak aztertuta, hilabete hauetan zehar jarraitu dudan prozesua azalduko dut. Nire zerbitzu proposamena ere aurkeztuko dut, honen bidez lortu nahi izan ditudan helburuekin batera. Jarraian, proposamenaren emaitzak ezagutuko ditugu, ikasleen erantzuna, taldekideen arteko harremana edota identifikatutako rolei bezalako gaiei erreferentzia eginez. Lanaren amaieran, ateratako ondorio nagusiak adieraziko ditut, hala nola, praktika hauek Lehen Hezkuntzako Graduan izan dezaketen garrantzia edo proposamen hauek hezkuntza inklusiboari egiten dizkioten ekarpenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41373,2020-02-20,"The objective of this study is to analyse the training, perception and intervention methods of Primary School Teachers about Autism Spectrum Disorder. For this purpose, a questionnaire was created, which was answered by 38 teachers of seven schools in Bilbao, and an interview was conducted with 7 teachers from one specific school. These instruments include questions relating to the areas previously mentioned. The data collected revealed that the teachers had little training and knowledge about this disorder, a good disposition to intervene with these children and a limited use of innovative methods.","Ikerketa honen helburu nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleriak Autismoaren Espektroko Nahastearen eremuan duten formakuntza, pertzepzioa eta esku-hartze motak aztertzea da. Honetarako Bilboko zazpi hezkuntza zentroetako 38 irakasleek erantzun zuten galdetegi bat eta zentro zehatz bateko 7 irakasleei egindako elkarrizketa bat sortu ziren. Tresna hauek aurretik aipatutako arloen inguruko galderak biltzen dituzte. Lortutako datuek irakasleriak autismoaren nahastearen inguruan duen formakuntza eta ezagutzak eskasak direla, ume hauekin lan egiteko jarrera ona duela eta metodo berritzaileen erabilpena eskasa dela ezagutarazi zuten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53733,2021-06-18,"The identification of a person through the study of a fingerprint is a technique that has evolved throughout history without society being aware of it. However, this technique is very relevant in a criminal investigation. For this reason, this work addresses, from a criminalistic point of view, the different professions that carry out a criminal investigation and their different contributions, as well as the different techniques used for the procedure. Within these techniques, the application of dactyloscopy will be highlighted, where the most relevant aspects (functions, dactylograms and their characteristics, etc.) will be discussed and a practical case will be analysed in which this criminal investigation technique has been used. Some sociological aspects related to this subject will also be mentioned as a consequence of the evolutionary advance of the technique and the development of technologies.","Pertsona bat hatz-marka baten bidez identifikatzea historian zehar eboluzionatuz joan den teknika bat da, gizarteak horren berri ia izan gabe. Hala ere, teknika hori oso garrantzitsua da ikerketa kriminal batean. Horregatik, lan honek, ikuspegi kriminalistikotik, ikerketa kriminala egiten duten lanbideak eta haien ekarpenak jorratzen ditu, bai eta ikerketa kriminalaren prozedurarako erabiltzen diren teknikak ere. Teknika horien barruan, Daktiloskopiaren aplikazioa nabarmenduko da. Bertan, Daktiloskopiaren alderdirik garrantzitsuenak ikusiko dira (funtzioak, daktilogramak eta ezaugarriak, etab.), eta ikerketa kriminaleko teknika hori erabili den kasu praktiko bat aztertuko da. Halaber, arlo horri buruzko alderdi soziologiko batzuk aipatuko dira, teknikaren bilakaeraren eta teknologien garapenaren ondorioz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25443,1998,"To know the truth and to realize the justice is essential to achieve the reconciliation after suffering the damage that violence causes in our society. The knowledge of the truth is the best obstacle to prevent that abuses start again, and justice must try to settel, above all, the pending rigths of victims. But reconciliation can not exist without being willing to pardon, because anyone who pardon and anyone who accept the pardon is free, becomes more human and is rebuilt as person.","Gure gizartean indarkeriak utzi dituen saminak jasan ondoren, egia ezagutzea eta justizia egitea beharrezkoa da berradiskidetzeaz ari garenean. Egia ezagutzea biderik onena da berriro gehigikeriak eragozteko, eta justiziak biktimen alde betetzeko dauden eskubideak kitatzen saiatu behar du. Baina berradiskidetzea ezin da barkamenerako jarrerarik gabe eman, barkatzen duenak eta barkamena onartzen duenak aske sentitzeaz gain, gizakitu eta pertsona bezala berregiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24352,2015,"This work addresses the sexual abuse of minors by clergy through history. The author analyzes from ancient Greece and Rome to the present, with special attention to Spain, the existence of this heinous practice to minors. After studying the concept of minority of age through the Spanish law history, the author summarizes the legislative response of the Church universal and particular Church to punish child sexual abuse. Finally, the author focuses on the response that both the universal Catholic Church and the Spanish Church are offering child sexual abuse by clergy.","Elizgizonek adingabeen aurka historian zehar gauzatutako sexu-abusuak ditu aztergai artikulu honek. Egileak Antzinako Grezia eta Erromatik gaur egun arte aztertzen du adingabeen aurkako praktika gaitzesgarri horren existentzia, eta Espainiari arreta berezia eskaintzen dio. Adingabearen kontzeptua Espainiako Zuzenbide penalaren historian zehar aztertu ondoren, adingabekoen aurkako abusuak zigortzeko Elizaren historiako legedia unibertsala eta berezia jorratzen ditu egileak. Bukatzeko, egileak arreta jartzen du elizgizon espainiarrek egindako abusu sexualen aurrean Eliza katoliko unibertsalak eta Eliza espainiarrak emandako erantzunean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23417,2017-11-10,"In the present project It is exposed the detailed process carried out to develop the design and the manufacture of some competition motorcycle’s components, together with the methodology presented It is also exposed in first place, an introduction accompanied by the context in which this project is framed, as well as the objectives and the scope, afterwards It is presented a budget, a planning, and a brief risk analysis with its respectively contingency plan, to finish some brief conclusions are exposed.","Proiektu honetan, lehiaketako motozikleta baten diseinu eta fabrikaziozko osagaien prozesua azaltzen da zehazki. Aurkeztutako metodologiarekin batera, lehendabizi proiektua inguratzen duen sarrera azaltzen da, helburu eta irismenekin batera. Ondoren, aurrekontua, planifikazioa eta arriskuen analisi laburra dagokion gertakizun planarekin batera adierazten da eta amaitzeko, ondorioen azalpena egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72343,2024-07-02,"Due to the frequency of aggressions suffered by journalists in conflict situations and in order to guarantee the right to information, international law establishes a series of guarantees. This paper analyzes the degree of protection of this professional activity in war environments, taking into account both international humanitarian law and human rights. It will also consider the role of state practices, that of NGOs and that of certain courts at different levels. In addition, different problems present in this field will be mentioned, such as the casuistry of internal conflicts, the emergence of different profiles of journalists or impunity.","Kazetariek gatazka egoeretan pairatzen dituzten erasoak ohikoak direnez eta informaziorako eskubidea bermatzeko helburuarekin, nazioarteko zuzenbideak berme batzuk ezartzen ditu. Lan honetan jarduera profesional hori gerra eremuetan nola babesten den aztertzen da, nazioarteko zuzenbide humanitarioaren eta nazioarteko giza eskubideen bitartez. Horrekin batera, kontuan hartuko dira estatuen praktikak, GKE-ek edo maila desberdinetako auzitegiek zein eragin duten alor honetan. Gainera, arloaren hainbat arazo aztertzen dira, aipatzerako, barne gatazken egoera, kazetari profil berrien agerpena edo inpunitatea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14334,2015-02-04,"The aim of this study is to analize the design of the elements that compose an adjustable and progressive rear suspension system in a competition motorbike. The brace, whose length will be adjustable, will be designed and optimized, as well as the suspension triangle. Machine elements (ball-and-socket joints and plain bearings) will be selected in order to obtain the lightest design. To carry out this study, real information taken from the Motostudent competition will be used. The suspension system’s design will be carried out with the Creo2.0 software (the former Pro-Engineer). Other softwares such as Working Modek 2D and ANSYS will also be mentioned as they have made the analysis easier.","Proiektu hau lehiaketa motor baten atzealde-suspentsio sistema doigarri baten elementuen diseinuan datza. Luzeran erregulagarria izango den tirantea eta suspentsio triangelua diseinatu eta optimizatuko dira. Diseinuak ahalik eta pisu txikiena izatea ahalbidetzen duten makinen elementuak (errotulak eta errodamenduak) aukeratuko dira. Lanaren garapenerako Motostudent izeneko lehiaketatik hartutako datu errealak erabiliko dira. Suspentsio sistemaren diseinua Creo2.0 (lehengo Pro-Engineer) software-arekin egingo da. Bestalde, beste software batzuk ere erabiliko dira, hala nola, Working Model 2D eta ANSYS, sistemaren analisia errazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26218,1994-12,"Starting from the foreigner definition it is analysed his situation in France, likewise social control characteristics and social reaction to foreigners criminality are explained pointing out the necessity of respect for fundamental principles of dignity, freedom and proportionality in case of legal intervention.","Atzerritar definiziotik abiatuz, Frantzian hauek bizi diren egoera azaltzen da. Halaber, giza-kontrolaren ezaugarriak eta gaizkintzari emandako giza-erreakzioa adierazten dira, duintasun, askatasun eta proportzionalitate funtsezko oinarriei zeresanaren beharra azpimarratuz, legezko esku hartze kasuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20898,2017-03-09,"Actually, the society is developing propelled by the research and the interactions between different agents. Employee´s creativity and the scientific and technological knowledge have got a great importance for getting that purposes and innovate the companies. If we add the fast technological cycles to all that facts, the result is technological innovation, which is the key for the real competitiveness of the enterprises and so, of all the countries. Technological innovation affects directly on the well-being of the inhabitants in each country, and that´s why the aim of this work is to study it, analyzing the key factors to get it, the cooperation and information sources, as well as the factors that complicate it, focusing in both, product and process innovations in their own.","Gizartea murgilduta dagoen garapen-fase berrian, enpresen eta bertako langileen ezagutza, sormena eta berrikuntza funtsezkoak bilakatu dira, gainerako eragileekin elkarlanean, biztanle guztiontzat onuragarri izango diren emaitzak lortu ahal izateko. Horri teknologiaren aurrerapauso azkarrak gehituz gero, berrikuntza teknologikoarekin egiten dugu topo. Berrikuntza teknologikoa aztertzea da lanaren helburua, hain zuzen gure ongizatearekin duen lotura estuarengatik. Zehazki, produktu edota prozesu berrikuntzak lortzeko gakoak diren lankidetza eta informazio-iturrien eta berrikuntza oztopatzen duten faktoreen garrantzia azpimarratu nahi da ondorengo orrialdeetan zehar." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59981,2023-02-20,"This assigment analyses the innovative and constructive process of the space throughout all the stages of Primary Education under the name Makerspace. For this reason, it has been carried out a bibliographic revision which has allowed to develop a wide theoretic base about the subject. Once all the information has been checked, the metodology of the centres must be changed. To counter, the suitability of the implementation of makerspace has been investigated, which will allow the students to develop an active attitude, autonomy, criticality and so on… With the aim of introducing a method of this kind in the educative centres and make its way easy, it has been decided to make up a guide.","Lan honetan espazioaren kudeaketa berritzaile eta eraikitzailea aztertzen da Lehen Hezkuntzako etapa osoan, makerspace izenarekin ezagutzen dena. Horretarako, berrikuspen bibliografiko bat egin da, gai horri buruzko oinarri teoriko zabala garatzeko aukera eman duena. Informazio guztia aztertu ondoren, ikastetxeetako metodologiek aldaketa bat behar dutela ikusi da. Horri aurre egiteko, makerspace baten inplementazioa egokia dela ikertu da, eta horri esker, ikasleek jarrera aktiboa, autonomia, kritikotasuna, besteak beste sustatuko lukete. Honelako metodo bat ikastetxeetan ezartzeko asmoz, eta beraiei bidea errazteko, gida bat sortzea erabaki da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24256,2017-09,"This project will design and size the installation of underfloor heating and ACS with the support of the thermical solar sistem, a detached house located in the town of Getxo (Bizkaia), using efficient and renewable energy sources such as energy Solar thermal. Since energy saving is a fundamental aspect in this project, it will be verified that the building's enclosures comply with the requirements of current regulations. This installation can not be assessed from an exclusively economic point of view as it would be excessively expensive but it is more attractive in aspects such as comfort, respect for the environment, safety and is an effort to develop more efficient thermal installations in buildings.","Gaur proiektuan diseinatu eta zoru berogailua eta ur beroa etxeko eguzki-kolektore laguntzarekin, etxe bat Getxo (Bizkaia) herrian kokatua instalazioa dimentsioa, energia eraginkor eta berriztagarriak eta energia-iturri erabiliz eguzki termikoa. Energia aurrezteko proiektu honen oinarrizko alderdi bat izatea, egiaztatu eraikinaren gutunazal hori indarrean dagoen legeriaren baldintzak betetzen. instalazioak hau ezin da ikuspuntu ekonomiko batetik ebaluatuko da garestia baina gehiago, hala nola, erosotasuna, adiskidetasuna ingurumen, segurtasun arloetan erakargarria izango lukeelako, eta ahalegin bat eraginkorragoa berogailu eraikinetan sistemak garatzeko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29442,2018-10-31,"Bike sharing services let users get to a station and take or return bikes. It has a main drawback, availability is not guaranteed as it can be in other means such as bus or metro. Access to open data catalogs containing availability data is crucial for this project. These are public and most of their uses are the creation of data analytics projects like this one. The behavior of Bilbao's system (Bilbon Bizi) will be analyzed using Machine Learning techniques to recognize patterns of use. A neural network will be generated and, based on previous data, will predict availability for the next day. Finally, trying to improve the user experience, this prediction algorithm will be implemented in an application that uses less accurate methods.","Bizikleta mailegu-zerbitzuei esker, erabiltzaileak geltoki batera hurbildu daitezke eta bizikleta hauek hartu edo utzi. Beste garraiotan (autobusa, metroa...) erabilgarritasuna bermatuta egon daiteke, baina zerbitzu honetan ez da hori gertatzen, hau izanik haren desabantailetako bat. Proiektu hau aurrera eramateko ezinbestekoa da datu irekien katalogoak erabiltzea, hauek baitituzte erabilgarritasunarekin erlazionatutako datuak. Katalogo hauek publikoak dira eta datuen analitikarekin erlazionatutako proiektuek erabili ohi dituzte. Bilboko berezko sistemaren (Bilbon Bizi) portaera aztertuko da, Machine Learning tekniketaz baliatuz erabilera-patroiak ezagutzeko. Datu historikoak erabiliz, hurrengo eguneko erabilgarritasuna iragarriko duen sare neuronala sortuko da. Azkenik, erabiltzaileen esperientzia hobetzeko asmoz, algoritmo hau mugikorreko aplikazio batean inplementatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36563,2019-11-27,"Abstract At the present time, all industrial processes produce wastes whose management is a major challenge to protect the planet. Biomachining is a biotechnological process that uses microorganisms to obtain new products and, just like any other technology, it generates wastes. Biomachining allows metallic (copper) pieces to be machined biochemically, whilst chemical oxidant is continuously regenerated by microorganisms. Nevertheless, the metal concentration (copper) in the solution will increase throughout time and this will halt the biomass activity. When the solution loses its capacity to regenerate the chemical oxidant, it is considered to be depleted and the suspended microorganisms have to be removed from the solution by filtration. Subsequently, the liquid must be treated or “cleaned”. The main objective of this work is to study two alternatives to recover copper from the waste solution generated in the biomachining process; namely, fractionated precipitation and electrochemical recovery. Thus, this waste solution could be considered a “source” (rather than a waste), its treatment could be environmentally friendly and, consequently, the implementation of this biotechnology at industrial level could be enhanced. In order to carry out the laboratory experiments, a synthetic medium simulating real depleted solutions was prepared (in real solutions a previous filtration of the microorganisms is required). After dissolving the major components (CuSO4, FeSO4 and (NH4)2SO4), pH was acidified to avoid metal losses due to jarosite precipitation. Next, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was added to oxidise ferrous ions (Fe2+) into ferric ions (Fe3+) before proceeding to the main treatment. Regarding fractionated precipitation, the pH of the solution was increased in two steps using sodium hydroxide (NaOH); first, iron was precipitated at pH 4,0, and then, copper, at pH 11,0. After the first pH increase, more than 99,5% of the total iron was removed from the solution, while copper loss was deemed negligible. The calcined precipitate obtained in this step was identified as synthetic hematite (Fe2O3) (its market value is not remarkable). When the pH value was increased to 11,0 for copper precipitation, the metal removal from the solution achieved in this step was also higher than 99,5%. v The precipitate obtained was calcined and identified as tenorite, yielding 10,02 g tenorite (CuO) per liter solution. The metal (Fe3+ and Cu2+) concentration remaining in the final solution was very low, despite sulfide content being fairly high. NaOH was the only chemical required in this treatment and the most relevant cost was related to the energy consumption during calcination process of the precipitates (3 €/L). Regarding the electrochemical recovery of copper, the pH of the solution had to be increased to 4,0 before electrolysis was performed. This requirement was justified on the basis that when Cu2+concentration in solution is higher than 1 g/L Cu2+, Fe3+ ion presence is known to boost the electric consumption and hinder copper recovery. More than 97% of copper was removed from the solution, both at constant current and constant voltage experiments, rendering a final production of 7 g Cuo/L. The product obtained (Cuo) had a reasonable value at the secondary raw materials market. Nevertheless, energy consumption was very high (15,7 €/L), and revenues obtained from selling this product do not cover treatment expenditures. The recovery efficiency of copper by fractionated precipitation and electrolysis was very high. The simple equipment required, the low metal concentration in the final solution and the need to previously precipitate iron are common features of the two alternatives studied in this work. Despite the two products ́ market value being very much alike, the energy consumption of the electrochemical recovery was 5-fold higher in comparison to the fractionated precipitation. Therefore, the latter was concluded to be the most viable option. Further studies on other treatment alternatives could include the filtration of these solutions through biopolymeric based membranes. Thus, being complementary to this study, another experimental work focused on this promising technique is currently under development.","Laburpena Gaur egun, industria prozesu guztietan hondakinak sortarazten dira eta hondakin horiek zuzen tratatzea eta kudeatzea gizartearen erronka handia da. Produktu desberdinak ekoizteko mikroorganismoak erabiltzen dituzten prozesu bioteknologikoen artean, biomekanizazioa aipa daiteke, eta beste teknologia batzuetan bezala, honetan ere hondakinak sortarazten dira. Mekanizazio biologikoan, metalezko (kobrezko) piezak era biokimikoan mekaniza daitezke, mikroorganismoek oxidatzaile kimikoa etengabe birsortuko dutela. Baina, disoluzioan metalaren (kobrearen) kantitatea gero eta handiagoa izango da eta horrek biomasaren aktibitatea kaltetuko du. Disoluzio horrek oxidatzaile kimikoa birsortzeko ahalmena galtzen duenean (eta beraz agortu egiten denean), lehendabizi iragazi egin behar da suspentsioan dauden mikroorganismoak kentzeko, eta gero likidoa tratatu edo “garbitu” egin behar da. Isuri baino lehenago, oso metal baliotsua den kobrea berreskuratzeko aukera bi aztertu dira lan honetan. Beraz, lan honen helburu nagusia, biomekanizazio prozesuen hondar-disoluzioetatik kobrea berreskuratzeko alternatiba bi aztertzea da; hala nola, hauspeakuntza zatikatua eta berreskurapen elektrolitikoa. Horrela, bioteknologia horretan sortarazitako hondakina, alde batetik, errekurtsoa izan dadin eta bestetik tratamendu jasangarria eduki dezan ekarpena egin nahi da. Bidez batez, bioprozesu horrek industria mailan aplikatzeko dituen oztopoetariko batzuk gainditzeko irtenbidea eskainiko da. Laborategiko entseguak burutzeko, biomekanizazioan agorturiko disoluzioak simulatzen dituen ingurune sintetikoa prestatu da (disoluzio errealaren kasuan aurretik mikroorganismoak iragazi egin beharko ziren). Gehiengo konposatuak (CuSO4, FeSO4 eta (NH4)2SO4) disolbatu ostean, pH-a azidifikatu da, hauspeakin (jarosita) erako galerak ekiditeko. Jarraian, hidrogeno peroxidoa (H2O2) erabiliz, ioi ferrosoa (Fe2+) ioi ferrikora (Fe3+) oxidatu da, ondorengo tratamenduak aplikatu ahal izateko. Hauspeakin zatikatuari dagokionez, hondar-disoluzioaren pH-a bi pausotan igo da sodio hidroxidoaren (NaOH) erabiliz; lehendabizi, 4,0-ra burdina hauspeatzeko, eta gero, 11,0-ra kobrea hauspeatzeko. Lehenengo pH-aren aldaketari esker, burdinaren % 99,5a baino kantitate handiagoa ezabatu da disoluziotik, kobrearen galera mespretxagarria izanik. Pauso honetako hauspeakina kaltzinatu ostean lortutako konposatua hematita sintetikoa (Fe2O3) izan da (produktu horren merkatu balioa ez da adierazgarria). Beste alde batetik, pH-a 11,0 denean, kobrearen ezabapena ere kuantitatiboa (% 99,5a baino altuagoa) izateaz gain, balio ekonomikoa duen kobrezko konposatu bat lortu da; hau da, hondakin disoluzio litroko 10,02 g tenorita (CuO) lortu dira. Amaierako disoluzioan geratzen diren metalen (Fe3+ eta Cu2+) kontzentrazioa oso baxua izatea lortu da, nahiz eta sulfatoen edukia oraindik ere altua izan. Tratamendu aukera honetan, erabiltzen den erreaktibo bakarra NaOH da, eta gastu energetikorik altuena kaltzinazio-prozesuari dagokio (3 €/L). ii Elektrolisiaren bidezko kobre berreskurapenari dagokionez, lehenengo pausoa burdina hauspeatzea da, pH-aren balioa 4,0ra igota. Izan ere, 1 g Cu2+/L baino gehiago duten disoluzioen kasuan, burdina aurretik hauspeatu behar da derrigorrez, Fe3+ katioien presentziak energia elektrikoaren kontsumoa igotzen duelako eta disolbaturiko kobrearen berreskurapena oztopatzen duelako. Korronte intentsitate konstantepeko saiakuntzetan zein tentsio konstantepeko saiakuntzetan antzeko emaitzak lortu dira; kasu bietan berreskuratutako kobrearen kantitatea % 97a baino altuagoa izan da; hots, 7 g Cuo litroko. Prozesu honetan lortutako azpiproduktua, bigarren mailako lehengaien merkatuan saltzeko balio duen kobre elementala izan da, baina elektrizitatearen gastua altua izan da (15,7 €/L). Biomekanizazioaren disoluzio agortuak tratatzeko hauspeakuntza zatikatua zein elektrolisia aplikatuta, kobrearen berreskurapen efizientzia oso altua izan da. Kasu bietan, ekipamendua sinplea da eta bukaerako disoluzioen metalen edukia oso baxua, aldez aurretiko burdinaren hauspeakuntza derrigorrezko pauso komuna izanik. Antzeko balio ekonomikoa duten kobrezko produktu bi lortu arren, elektrolisiaren gastu energetikoa 5 aldiz handiagoa da beste aukerarena baino. Ondorioz, hauspeakuntzaren bidezko berreskurapena tratamendurik bideragarriena da. Disoluzio agortuak tratatzeko etorkizun handiko beste aukera batzuk ere badaude; esate baterako, oinarri biopolimerikoa duten mintzetan zeharreko iragazketa. Teknika hori da bereziki lan honen jarraipena den beste GrAL baten ikerkuntz-gaia da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47910,2020-11-12,"There are few studies about death in the field of social sciences and this work tries to spread and widen the information that exists about it. The aim of this work is to raise awareness of the need and importance of Death Education and to open the door to literature as a tool to work on it. To do so, this work studies death from the point of view of sociology, psychology and pedagogy by the selection of relevant studies from the online catalogue of the University of the Basque Country, the search engine Google Scholar and the digital libraries JSTOR and SciELO. This work tries to define the type of bibliotherapy that would be compatible with its goals and studies the children’s book Jakes eta Herio as a possible book to use. This makes it possible to define the characteristics necessary for a book to be appropriate to work on the topic of death with children, characteristics the mentioned book does not fulfil.","Gizarte-zientzien esparruan heriotzak jasotzen duen ikerketa maila oso urria da eta, ondorioz, gaiarekiko dagoen informazioa, mugatua. Hori dela eta, lan honek informazio hori hedatzeko eta kontzientzia egiteko muina du eta literaturari, lanketarako tresna erabilgarri gisa, ateak irekitzea bilatzen du. Hori lortzeko, heriotza soziologia, psikologia eta pedagogiaren ikuspuntuetatik ikertzen da online bidezko aukeraketa zehatzak eginez Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatearen katalogoaren, Google Scholar-eko bilaketa zerbitzuaren eta JSTOR eta SciELO liburutegi digitalen bidez. Lan hau bere helburuekin bat datorren biblioterapia mota definitzen saiatzen da eta, gainera, Jakes eta Herio haurrentzako liburua helburu hauetarako erabilgarria den aztertzen du. Honek, liburu batek heriotzaren gaia haurrekin lantzeko aproposa izateko beharrezko dituen ezaugarriak deskribatzea baimentzen du, aukeratutako ipuinak betetzen ez dituenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57117,2022-08-02,"Inglés: Deep Learning (DL) has provided a significant breakthrough for the autonomous vehicle industry. The development of Deep Neural Networks (DNN), and particularly Convolutional Neural Network (CNNs), have enabled the improvement of computer vision-based techniques, making the information gathered from cameras more useful. Vision stands out among the other senses because of its richness and practicality, as well as its cheapness and simplicity of use. For this reason, recently, studies have been carried out on the use of image-based deep learning to control autonomous driving systems. However, while autonomous driving may imply that it refers to the automated driving of outdoor vehicles, it should not be forgotten that autonomous indoor navigation exists. This study proposes a fully autonomous navigation system for indoor vehicles using computer vision and deep learning techniques. The navigation algorithm consists of the path following, obstacle detection and vehicle localization modules. Therefore, the robot must be able to follow a trajectory with automatic control of direction and speed, while it detects obstacles and locates itself in the navigation environment. Furthermore, the three algorithms will be evaluated to determine their feasibility for implementation in an industrial Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV).","Euskera: Ikaskuntza Sakona (Deep Learning, DL) aurrerapen garrantzitsua izan da ibilgailu autonomoen industriarentzat. Sare Neuronal Sakonak (DNN) eta, bereziki, Sare Neuronal Konboluzionalak (CNN), garatzeak ahalbidetu dute ordenagailu bidezko ikusmenean oinarritutako teknikak hobetzea, kameretatik lortutako informazioa baliagarriagoa bihurtuz. Ikusmena, merkea eta erabiltzeko erraza izateaz gain, beste zentzumenen artean, bere aberastasun eta praktikotasunagatik nabarmentzen da. Horregatik, azkenaldian, ikaskuntza sakonaren erabilerari buruzko azterlanak egin dira, irudietan oinarrituta, gidatze autonomoko sistemak kontrolatzeko. Hala ere, gidatze autonomoak kanpoko ibilgailuen gidatze automatizatuari erreferentzia egitea ekar dezakeen arren, ez da ahaztu behar barneko nabigazio autonomoa ere dagoela. Ikerketa honetan, barruko ibilgailuentzako nabigazio sistema guztiz autonomo bat proposatzen da, ikusmen automatikoa eta ikaskuntza sakoneko teknikak erabiliz. Nabigazio algoritmoa, ibilbidearen jarraipena egiteko, oztopoak detektatzeko eta ibilgailuak mapan kokatzeko metodo ezberdinek osatuko dute. Ondorioz, robotak gai izan behar du norabidea eta abiadura automatikoki kontrolatuz ibilbide bat egiteko, aldi berean, oztopoak hautemanez eta nabigazio-ingurunean kokatuz. Gainera, hiru algoritmoak ebaluatuko dira, Ibilgailu Gidatu Automatiko (AGV) industrial batean inplementatzeko duten bideragarritasuna zehazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14348,2015-02-05,"The purpose of this dissertation is the analysis of the SCARA robot, using the knowledge obtained while studying some of the subjects of the Industrial Technology Engineering Degree I am going to complete in the Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao. SCARA robots, which are four-axis robots, are widely used in industry because of their repeatability, rapid work cycle, ability to withstand heavy loads and their numerous applications. This project has been divided into two main sections: Carrying out kinematic analysis, representation of the robot on the screen, and generation of trajectories making use of Matlab program. Interaction with the Adept Cobra e-Vario real prototype. The structure of this project is as follows: To start with, the context in which the project is located is studied, analyzing the importance that it has in different areas. In the second place, the objectives this project will achieve and the advantages that this work offers will be explained. Afterwards, in state of the art, I outline the history of robots and give them different classifications, thereby arriving to SCARA robots. Then, in the methodology section, the two main topics of the project are explained. The project ends with economic data, description of the different tasks that have been carried out and their duration, risk analysis and conclusions.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, Industria Ingenieritza graduan zehar emandako zenbait irakasgaietan landutako kontzeptuak oinarri bezala hartuta SCARA robot industrialaren analisia egin da. Lau askatasun gradu dituzten robot hauek oso erabiliak dira industrian beraien lan ziklo azkar, karga handiak jasateko kapazitate, errepikortasun eta aplikazio ugariengatik. Proiektua, bi zati nagusitan banandu da: SCARA motako robot baten analisi zinematikoa, robotaren irudikapena eta ibilbideen sorkuntza Matlab programa erabiliz. Adept Cobra e-Vario 600, SCARA motako prototipo errealarekin interakzioa. Proiektuan zehar garatuko diren edukien egitura ondorengoa izango da: Lehenik eta behin, proiektuko lehen atalean proiektua kokatuta dagoen testuinguruaren azalpena emango da, baita ere testuinguru horrek gaur egun, sail desberdinetan, duen garrantzia. Proiektuko bigarren atalean, lana egiterakoan proposatu diren helburuak eta proiektuak eskaintzen dituen onurak adieraziko dira. Bestetik, proiektuko hirugarren atalean, gaiaren egoeran, SCARA robotera heldu arte robotek historian zehar izan duten garapena eta hauen sailkapen desberdinak azalduko dira. Laugarren atalean, metodologian, proiektu honetan garatuko diren bi zati nagusien deskribapen zehatza emango da. Azkenik, proiektuko azken atalean, lana burutzeko bete behar izan diren ataza bakoitzaren deskribapena eta iraupena, aurrekontua, arriskuen analisia eta proiektu honetatik atera ditugun ondorioak ematen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57712,2022-09-05,"This paper focuses on the possible benefits of interaction and cooperative learning in the foreign language acquisition process. In this research, the participants were 24 students enrolled in the fifth grade of Primary School in the Basque Country. Participants took part in a pedagogical intervention aiming at improving students’ learning engagement and anxiety as well as the quantity and quality of the contributions done in the foreign language classroom. Furthermore, it aims to examine the effects of working cooperatively through interaction. The results reveal that interaction and cooperative learning improved students’ learning engagement and anxiety in the foreign language learning classroom. Findings also provide evidence supporting that interaction and cooperative learning experiences contributed to enhance the quantity and quality of students’ contributions. The paper concludes that fostering interaction and cooperation can be helpful for the acquisition of the foreign language.","Lan honek, interakzioak eta kolaborazioa sustatzeak atzerriko hizkuntzaren ikaskuntza prozesuan izan ditzakeen abantailak aztertzen ditu. Ikerketa honetan, parte hartzaileak Euskal Herriko lehen hezkuntzako bostgarren mailako 24 ikasle izan ziren. Ikasleek esku hartze pedagogiko batean parte hartu zuten haien ikaskuntzarako konpromezua, antsietatea eta baita ikasleen ekarpenen kantitate eta kalitatea ere hobetzea xede izanik. Esku hartzearen helburua metodo kooperatiboaren eta interakzioen bitartez lan egitearen ondorioak aztertzea zen. Emaitzek interakzioen eta kooperazioaren bitartez lan egiteak ikasleen ikaskuntzarako konpromezua eta antsietatea hobetu zutela erakusten dute. Era berean, ebidentziek interakzioek eta kooperazioak ikasleen ekarpenen kantitatean eta kalitatean ere onurak izan zituela adierazten dute. Lanak atzerriko hizkuntzaren ikaskuntza prozesuan interakzioak eta kooperazioa sustatzea onuragarria izan daitekeela ondorioztatzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31263,2019-01-28,"Even though the macroeconomic environment is the same, the economic reality of the regions of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country is very diverse, there being great territorial imbalances and regional differences in socioeconomic terms. In this context, the present work aims to ascertain in what factors these regional imbalances are shown and the degree of inequality between regions. In order to do this, it is carried out a thorough regional diagnosis of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, based on the analysis of different indicators, mainly demographic and socioeconomic.","Ingurune makroekonomikoa berdina izan arren, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko eskualdeen errealitate ekonomikoa oso ezberdina da, non lurralde desoreka eta eskualde-desberdintasun handiak ematen diren baldintza sozioekonomikoei dagokienez. Testuinguru honetan, lan honek eskualde-desoreka horiek zein faktoretan azaltzen diren eta eskualdeen arteko desberdintasun maila zehaztea du helburu. Honen harira, eskualdekako diagnostiko sakona burutuko da, adierazle deberdinen analisian oinarrituta, batez ere demografikoetan eta sozioekonomikoetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19866,2016-12-15,"In this End of Degree Project, the Energy Efficiency Certificate of a housing is achieved. The CO2 emissions and the energetic consume of the housing are shown in the certificate. Showing the certificate is compulsory when a housing is to be built, sold or rented according to the 2010/31/UE law. A F grade is achieved introducing the administrative and technic information of a building in the CE3X software. In ad-dition, improvement measures to get a higher energetic efficiency are shown.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan etxebizitza baten Eraginkortasun Energetikoaren Zi-urtagiria lortzen da. Ziurtagirian etxe baten CO2 emisioak eta kontsumo energetikoa azaltzen dira. 2010/31/UE zuzentarauaren arabera etxe bat eraiki, saldu edo aloka-tzeko EEZ aurkeztea derrigorrezkoa da. CE3X programan etxearen datu administra-tibo eta teknikoak sartuz F kalifikazio energetikoa lortzen da. Gainera hobekuntza neurriak proposatzen dira eraginkortasun energetikoa handitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23095,2017-09,"The analysis of the radiowave propagation is vital to plan a wireless net. When speaking about industrial environment is even more important to know how the propagation works. In the last years the industry has passed from seen the wireless technologies as auxiliary technology to see them as a very useful development. The primary objective of this project is to analyze the radiowave propagation in industrial environment and, after that, apply all the information in the case of use proposed by the author. In this case, the proposal is a railway station. The transmission frequency will be in the UWB (from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz). That enforcement include the computation of the Path Loss and the parametrization of the multipath effect. This effect is especially aggressive in factories and scenarios like them. For the first a MATLAB program will be use and the parametrization will be done with the results of other authors. These authors had propose some conclusions and those ones will be use to parametrize the case of use proposed by the author of the present project. The analysis will allow the reader to know how the propagation works in industrial environment and that would allow the reader to know how plan new networks.","Uhinen hedapena nolakoa den jakitea ezinbestekoa da haririk gabeko sare bat planifikatzerako orduan. Ingurune industrialetan are garrantzitsuagoa da, ingurune hauetan uhinen hedapena oso bereizgarria da eta. Azken urteetan, fabrikak haririk gabeko teknologiei begira egon dira, bereziki hauen kostu txikia eta ahalmen teknikoagatik. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia eremu horietan gertatzen den hedapena aztertzean eta azterketa horren aplikazioan datza. Aplikazioa erabilera kasu konkretu batean egingo da, proiektuaren egileak aukeratutakoan, hain zuzen. Erabilera kasua tren geltoki bat izango da, izan ere, ingurune industrialen ezaugarri guztiak betetzen ditu eta. Transmisio maiztasuna UWB-ekoa izango da, 3,1 GHz eta 10,6 GHz-en artekoa, beraz. Aplikazioaren barruan zenbait atal desberdindu dira. Alde batetik, bide-galerak kalkulatuko dira MATLAB-en programatutako kode baten laguntzaz. Beste alde batetik, multipath efektuaren parametrizazioa egingo da beste ingeniariari batzuek lortutako emaitzekin. Analisi honek ingurune industrialetan gertatzen den uhin-hedapena ulertzen lagunduko du eta, horrek, etorkizunean horrelako sare baten plangintzan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57128,2022-08-02,"ENGLISH: The automotive sector is, not only at the level of Europe but also worldwide, one of the industrial sectors with the highest market shares. This way, due to the high competitiveness as well as regulations on the sector, if companies aim to keep being competitive, years on end, they get pushed to undergo large investments. This is one of the reasons which explain that advanced manufacturing is an up to date topic in mechanical engineering field. This means that not only new manufacturing methods are turning out of the blue, but also that, the existing ones are undergoing a constant development. All in all, the purpose is to improve the efficiency and quality of those processes without a detrimental to the manufacturing costs. The project developed in this document is centred in one of those manufacturing processes, the sheet hot stamping. In particular, the effort is focused on achieving an increase on the thermal efficiency of the cooling ducts, which, eventually, would enhance the process productivity. This is tackled as an optimization problem, where the calculus tools utilized are state of the art on the field of optimization, and which are undergoing an exponential growth since the last few decades. This implies the usage or a large data volume for the training of a predictive algorithm, or the implementation of a genetic algorithm for the resolution of the optimization problem.","EUSKERA: Automobilgintza sektorea, bai europar bai internazional mailan, merkatuaren kuota handienetakoa duen sektorea da. Hortaz, enpresak lehiakorrak izaten jarraitzeko xede izanik, legegintzak baita enpresen arteko norgehiagokak aurre egiteko ere, urtero eginiko inbestimenduek gero eta garrantzi handiagoa dute. Hori dela kausa, fabrikazio aurreratua gaur egungo ingeniaritza mekanikoaren arloan, gai-zerrendan dagoen gairik garrantzitsuenetarako da. Honek dakarren ondorioa fabrikazio prozesu berriak garatu ez ezik, dagoeneko existitzen direnak hobekuntza jarraituan sartuta daude. Hau da, oro har, hobekuntza prozesuaren helburua, fabrikazioaren etekina areagotzea eta kalitatea hobetzea da, produkzioaren kostuari kalte egin barik. Dokumentu honetan hedatzen den proiektuaren helburua, fabrikazio aurreratuko prozesu batean oinarritzen da: altzairu xaflen bero estanpazioa. Erreminten hozte konduktuen gaitasuna hobetzea hain zuzen ere. Horrek guztiak duen helburua, prozesu ziklo batek behar duen denbora murriztea eta emankortasuna handitzea da. Arazo honi aurre egiteko, optimizazio prozesuetan oinarritzen den ebazpen prozesuak erabiliko dira. Horretarako, gaurkotasuna duten kalkulu tresna erabiliko dira, non, azken hamarkadetan, esponentzialik zabaldu dira. Horretarako, data bolumen handiak erabiliko dira predikatzeko algoritmoak entrenatzeko. Halaber, optimizazio arazoari aurre egiteko, algoritmo genetikoak erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58658,2022-12-02,"The evolution of the penitentiary system has been notable, among other aspects, in terms of the application and execution of sentences. This is where the “Ficheros de Internos de Especial Seguimiento” (Special Monitoring Inmates Files or SMIF) come into play, which are the object of study in this work and which impose the measures used by the Spanish Prison Administration for the control and surveillance of inmates. The aim of this paper will therefore be to analyse the aforementioned SMIF, specifically, whether they respect the fundamental rights of persons deprived of their liberty. To this end, we will explore enforcement as a basic element of procedural law, analysing the general concepts and, subsequently, the legal evolution of the files from their creation to the present day. It will also analyse the jurisprudential pronouncements.","Espetxe sistemak izandako bilakaera handia izan da, besteak beste, zigorraren aplikazioaren eta betearazpenari dagokionez. Hor kokatzen da lan honetan aztergai diren Jarraipen Bereziko Barneratuen Fitxategiak, Espainiako Espetxe Administrazioak barneratuen kontrolperako eta zaintzarako erabilitako neurriak ekartzen dituztenak. Lan honen xedea, beraz, aipatutako JBBF erregimena aztertzea izango da, zehazki, askatasunaz gabetutako pertsonen oinarrizko eskubideak errespetatzen dituen aztertzea. Horretarako, zuzenbide prozesalaren baitan oinarrizko elementu den betearazpena miatuko da, kontzeptu orokorrak aztertuz, eta, gerora, fitxategiek izandako bilakaera juridikoa ikertuz, horiek sortu zirenetik hasita gaur egunera arte. Era berean, jurisprudentziaren esanak ere aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72321,2025-02-06,"This Bachelor's Thesis analyses the impact of creations generated by Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the regulation of Intellectual Property (IP). It examines whether the current legal framework is adequate to protect these works and how it should be adapted to address the unique challenges presented by AI. Focusing specifically on copyright law, key concepts such as originality, creativity, authorship, and ownership of AI-generated creations are explored. Through a review of existing literature, gaps are identified and legal solutions are proposed. The findings indicate that AI-generated creations can meet the originality and creativity requirements necessary to be protected by intellectual property law. However, it is concluded that a new legal framework is necessary to adequately recognize and regulate the authorship and ownership of these works.","Laburpena Gradu Amaierako Lan honek Adimen Artifizialak (AA) egindako sorkuntzak Jabetza Intelektualaren (JI) arauketan duten eragina aztertzen du. Egungo lege-esparrua obra horiek babesteko egokia den aztertzen du eta AAk aurkezten dituen erronkei aurre egiteko nola egokitu behar den. Egile Zuzenbideari arreta berezia jarriz, AAren sorkuntzen originaltasuna, sormena, egiletza eta titulartasuna bezalako funtsezko kontzeptuak aztertzen dira. Dagoen literatura berrikusiz, hutsuneak identifikatu eta legezko irtenbideak proposatzen dira. Emaitzen arabera, AAren sorkuntzek JIk babesteko beharrezkoak diren originaltasun eta sormen baldintzak bete ditzakete. Hala ere, obra horien egiletza eta jabetza aitortu eta behar bezala arautuko dituen lege-esparru berri bat beharrezkoa dela ondorioztatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54010,2021-11-23,"The following document details the project carried out in Aludium company, whose purpose lies in increasing the productivity of the Cold Mill area of the plant that the company has located in Amorebieta. The industrial activity of the company focuses on the manufacture of aluminium flat sheets and coils. This improvement in productivity is based on increasing the reduction of the thickness of the aluminium coils in the mill passes, so that the number of those operations can be reduced, and, consequently, the productive capacity of the Cold Mill area can be increased.","Hurrengo dokumentua Aludium enpresan egindako proiektuan zehazten da, enpresak Amorebietan kokatuta daukan lantegiko Hotz Ijezketa arearen produktibitatea handitzea helburua duena. Enpresaren industrial jarduera aluminiozko bobinen eta xafla lauen fabrikazioan oinarritzen da. Produktibitatearen hobekuntza hau aluminiozko bobinen lodieraren murrizketa handitzean oinarritzen da, operazioen kopurua murriztu ahal izateko eta, ondorioz, Hotz Ijezketa arearen gaitasun produktiboa handitu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23237,2017-07,"It consists on the upgrade and improvement of an algorithm which resolves structures using the direct stiffness method to obtain a more complete and versatile program. This program should be able to solve, given the date of the problem, the stress distribution. Presenting the results for diagrams, deformations and other elements that are considered necessary, apart from the visual representation of the given data. It should be capable of considering different types of problems which may include diversity of forces, characteristics and geometries.","Helburura egitura berazpen algoritmo programa bat, zurruntasun metodoaren bitartez, zabaltzea eta hobetzea da, programa osatua eta moldakorra lortzeko. Programak, problemaren datuak emanda, gauza izan behar du problemaren datuak grafikoki irudikatzeko eta esfortzu banaketa ebazteko, aurkezten diagrama, deformazioa eta beharrezkoak gogoan hartutako beste elementu batzuen emaitzak. Honek gai izan behar du hamaika bat problema desberdinak hausnartzeko karga, propietate eta geometria zenbaitekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42047,2020-03-10,"Recently, emotions have gained a very important space within the education system. It is precisely this system which, together with individual families, must guide children's emotional development, thus guaranteeing a complete development. Children with Down Syndrome have special needs not only in their cognitive development but also in their emotional development, which once again illustrates the importance of emotions. The goal of this dissertation is to show the importance of emotional development in children with Down Syndrome. Emotional education is a learning process which must be carried out along whole lifetimes and be permanent (Bisquerra, 2000). In order to achieve this, I present a proposal for children with Down Syndrome in childhood education. The project was carried out with a 4-year-old and a 5-year-old belonging to the same socioeconomic level. Four sessions were completed, during which emotional autoconscience, emotional control, emotion use and empathy were developed. The main results which were obtained with this project are two. On the one hand, it is of great importance to first get to know the students before beginning the educational intervention, in order to adapt it to their cognitive level. On the other hand, emotions are not taught as much as they should be in childhood education, especially in children with Down Syndrome. Finally, I make different proposal regarding emotional development for the future, including a proposal to carry out an educational intervention with a group which is known to the teacher, and also spending more time for each session than what was possible in my project.","Azken urte hauetan, hezkuntzan emozioen trataerari garrantzi asko ematen ari zaio. Familiekin batera hezkuntzak, haurren garapen emozionala aurrera eraman behar du, haur guztien garapen integrala bermatuz. Honi lotuta, aipatzekoa da Down Sindromea duten umeek alderdi emozionala garatzeko zailtasunak dituzten arren, alderdi kognitiboari erreparatzen zaiola soilik. Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua Down Sindromea duten pertsonentzat hezkuntza emozionalak duen garrantzia erakustea da. Hezkuntza emozionala, bizitza osoan zehar egiten den ikasketa prozesu bat da, hau da, jaiotzetik hasten dena eta prozesu jarraia eta iraunkorra izan behar duena (Bisquerra, 2000). Horretarako, Down Sindromea duten Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleentzat proposamen bat aurkezten da. Esku-hartze hau, maila sozioekonomiko ertaineko, 4 eta 5 urteko Down Sindromea duten bi umeekin eraman da aurrera. Proposamen honetan lau saio garatu dira non, autokontzientzia emozionala, kontrol emozionala, emozioen ustiapena eta enpatia landu diren. Lan honetatik ateratzen diren ondorio nagusiak bi dira. Alde batetik, martxan jarri baino lehen, umeak ezagutu behar dira eta horrekin batera, umeen maila kognitiboa kontuan hartu behar da. Bestetik, Haur Hezkuntzan irakasleak ez dituztela Down Sindromedun ikasleekin emozioak behar beste lantzen. Bukatzeko, etorkizunari begira, hobekuntza proposamen batzuk proposatzen dira, hala nola, proposamena ezagutzen den gela batera eramatea eta atal bakoitzeko denbora gehiago erabiltzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26815,1995,"Starting from a statement of human rights evolution, the human individuality, common origin of human species and its biological unity are analysed from the perspective of human population Genetics, and it is also explained the the variety is produced among individuals instead of groups.","Giza eskubideen bilakaeraren azalpen batetik abiatuz, giza biztanlegoen genetikazko ikuspegitik, gizakion norberatasuna, giza motaren jatorria berdina eta bere batasun biologikoa aztertzen dira, aldaketa norbanakoen artean sortzen dela eta ez giza-taldeen artean azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30846,2019-01-15,"ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The expulsive phase of delivery starts when the woman’s cervix is completely dilated and finishes when the baby is out. This process usually lasts between a few minutes and two hours, but when it is prolonged, the obstetrician uses instruments to help the expulsion. Each technique has its own instrument. Classically, forceps was the main instrument, but nowadays vacuum extractors or spatulas may be used. Position of the foetus and the obstetricians’ ability and training are main conditions for which instrument to use. This papers main objective is to make a morbidity study of instrumental deliveries in Basurto University Hospital, comparing forceps results with vacuum results and also with the previous researches. MATHERIALS AND METHODS Instrumental deliveries (forceps and vacuum) from Basurto University Hospital have been analysed, from January 1st, 2015, to December 31st, 2017, rejecting macrosomic foetuses (>4000 grams), non-vaginal deliveries and non-cephalic presentations, keeping 1168 patients. In order to analyse morbidity, perineal tears and post-delivery haemorrhages have been accounted. The variables to count are episiotomy (Yes/No), parity, mom’s age, new-born’s weight and new-born’s first and fifth minute Apgar Score. Statistics were made using SPSS v 17.0 programme, using Chi Square for qualitative variables and t student for quantitative variables. Using PubMed and Google Scholar websites, a bibliographic research has been made, in order to compare results from Basurto with previous researches. RESULTS 1168 deliveries have been analysed, where women’s average age was 33.79 years. 916 of those 1168 women were helped with forceps, while the other 252 were helped with vacuum. Forceps and vacuum groups appeared to be homogenous for new-born’s weight (3217.46 average grams in forceps group and 3257.44 average grams in vacuum group, with statistically non-significant difference, p=0.157) and women’s age (33.54 average age in forceps group and 33.86 average age in vacuum group, with statistically non-significant difference, p=0.424). However, they were not homogenous for episiotomy YES/NO (96% of forceps group had episiotomy performed, compared to 77.2% of the vacuum group, with statistically significant difference, p<0.001), nor for parity (forceps was used in 24.7% of the multiparous and vacuum for the remaining 75.3%, while among the primiparous forceps was used in 19.7% of the cases and vacuum in the remaining 80.3%, being the differences statistically significant, p=0.045). 47.2% of the patients had perineal tears in the forceps group, comparing to 35.3% fo the patients in the vacuum group (p=0.001). That difference appeared to be significant for women older than average age (p=0.04), women younger than average age (p=0.05), those who had episiotomy made (p<0.001) and for primiparous women (p=0.001). Statistically significant differences where not found for women who didn’t have episiotomy made (p=0.749) and for multiparous women (p=0.188). 6.1% of the forceps group had post-delivery haemorrhage, comparing to the 7.8% of the vacuum group, being the difference non-significant (p=0.557). This difference was only significant for multiparous women, where 2.8% of th forceps group had haemorrhage, comparing to the 8.4% of the vacuum group (p=0.045). 11.1% of the patients who had perineal tears had an haemorrhage, comparing to the 6.3% of the patients who didn’t have perineal tears, being the difference statistically significant (p=0.004). 29.5% of the patients with episiotomy had perineal tears, comparing to the 74.3% of the ones who didn’t have perineal tears, being the difference statistically significant (p<0.001). Among the multiparous, 42.4% had perineal tears, while 58.3% of the primiparous had tears to, with non-significant differences between the groups (p=0.052). 8% of the patients who had episiotomy had post-partum haemorrhage, comparing to the 9.1% of the ones who didn’t have episiotomy, being the difference non-signicant (p=0.585). Among the multiparous, 7% had haemorrhage, comparing to the 9% of the primiparous, with non-significant differences (p=0.24). Regarding to the new-borns, no statistically significant differences were found between forceps and vacuum groups for first minute Apgar Score (19.4% of the patients in forceps group had a score lower than 7, comparing to the 18.8% of the subjects in the vacuum group). However, statistically significant differences were found between the groups for fifth minute Apgar Score (4% of the patients in forceps group had a score lower than 7, comparing to the 1.9% of the vacuum group, p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS Vacuum appears to have better results for perineal tears in primiparous women and women who haven’t received an episiotomy, so in this groups, using of vacuum instead of forceps should be had into account (provided that there is no specific indication for the use of forceps). However, analysing the previous researches, vacuum appears to have worse results in new-borns, so it would be convenient to do a risks/benefits comparison in every case before deciding which instrument to use. In order to do that, it would be positive to make a clinical trial, using forceps or vacuum randomly, so that we can analyse the morbidity in mothers and infants, in order to create protocols for each instrument’s use.","LABURPENA SARRERA ETA HELBURUAK Erditze lanaren egozte aldiak, umetoki lepoaren dilatazioa amaitzen denetik, jaioberria ateratzen denera arte irauten du. Normalean prozesu honek minutu batzuen eta bi orduen artean irauten du, baina tarte hau luzatzen denean, eta bereziki, umekiaren bihotz maiztasuna arduratzekoa denean, obstetrak teknika instrumentalen bidez lagundu behar du. Teknika bakoitzak instrumentu ezberdin bat erabiltzen du. Klasikoena forzepsa da, baina gaur egun espatulak edo bentosak erabili daitezke ere. Umekiaren posizioa kanalean eta, batez ere, obstetraren abilezia eta entrenamendua izango da erabakiko duena teknika bat edo bestea erabiltzea. Lan honen helburu nagusia Basurto Unibertsitate Ospitaleko erditze instrumentalen morbilitate ikasketa egitea da, forzeps eta bentosa bidezkoak alderatuz eta emaitzak aurretiaz egindako ikasketekin konparatuz. MATERIALAK ETA METODOAK Basurto Unibertsitate Ospitaleko erditze instrumentalak (forzeps eta bentosa) aztertu dira, 2015eko urtarrilaren 1etik 2017ko abenduaren 31ra, jaioberri makrosomikoak (>4000 gramo) eta erditze ez baginal edo aurkezpen ez zefalikoak baztertu eta gero, 1168 pazienterekin geratuz. Morbilitatea neurtzeko, perineo urradura eta erditze ondorengo hemorragia hartu dira kontutan. Aztertu diren bariableak, episiotomia (egina ala ez), paritatea, amaren adina, jaioberriaren pisua eta lehenengo zein bostgarren minutuko Apgar Score-ak izan dira. Analisi estatistikoa SPSS v 17.0 programaren bidez egin da, Chi Karratu estatistikoa erabiliz bariable kualitatiboak konparatzeko eta t student froga mediak konparatzeko. Halaber, bilaketa bibliografikoa egin da, Basurtoko emaitzak beste ikerketekin konparatzeko. Horretarako PubMed eta Google Scholar webguneak erabili dira. EMAITZAK 1168 erditze instrumental aztertu ziren, non emakumeen batez besteko adina 33,79 urtekoa izan zelarik. 1168 horietatik 916 bentosa bidez egin ziren, gainerako 252ak forzeps bidez lagundu zirelarik. Forzeps eta bentosa taldeak homogeneoak ziren jaioberrien pisuari dagokionez (3217,46 gramoko media forzeps taldean eta 3257,44 gramokoa bentosa taldean, diferentzia ez esagunratsua, p=0,157), zein emakumeen adinari dagokionez, (33,54 urteko media forzeps taldean eta 33,86 bentosa taldean, diferentzia ez esanguratsua, p=0,424). Aitzitik, ez ziren homogeneoak ez episiotomia BAI/EZ (forzeps taldearen %96ak zuen episiotomia eginda eta bentosa taldearen %77,2ak, taldeen arteko diferentzia esanguratsua izanda, p<0,001), ezta paritateari dagokionez (multiparoen %24,7an forzepsa erabili zen eta %75,3an bentosa, eta lehenerdien artean %19,7an forzepsa eta %80,3an bentosa, diferentziak esanguratsuak izanda, p=0,045). Forzeps taldeko pazienteen %47,2ak izan zuen peritoneo urradura, bentosa taldeko %35,3arekin alderatuz, diferentzia estatistikoki esanguratsua izan zelarik (p=0,001). Diferentzia hori esanguratsua izaten jarraitzen zuen adin media baino nagusiagoak zirenetan (p=0,04) zein gazteagoak zirenetan (p=0,005), bai eta episiotomia eginda zuten pazienteetan (p<0,001) zein lehenerdietan (p=0,001). Ez zen diferentzia esanguratsurik agertu forzeps eta bentosa erabiltzearen artean, episiotomia ez zuten pazienteen artean (p=0,749), ezta multiparoetan (p=0,188) ere. Forzeps taldeko pazienteen %6,1ak izan zuen erditze ondoko hemorragia, bentosa taldeko %7,8arekin konparatuz, diferentzia estatistikoki esanguratsua izan ez zelarik (p=0,557). Diferentzia hau soilik izan zen esanguratsua multiparoetan, non forzeps taldearen %2,8ak izan zuen hemorragia, bentosa taldeko %8,4arekin alderatuz (p=0,045). Perineo urradura izan zuten pazienteen %11,1ak izan zuen erditze ondoko hemorragia, urradurarik izan ez zuten %6,3arekin alderatuz, diferentzia estatistikoki esanguratsua izan zelarik (p=0,004). Episiotomia duten pazienteen %29,5ak du perineo urradura, episiotomia ez dutenen %74,3arekin konparatuz, diferentzia estatistikoki esanguratsua delarik (p<0,001). Multiparoen artean urradura %41,4an ematen da, lehenerdien artean %58,3an ematen delarik, diferentzia esanguratsua ez delarik (p=0,052). Episiotomia duten pazienteen %8ak du erditze ondoko hemorragia, episiotomia ez dutenen %9,1arekin alderatuz, diferentzia ez esanguratsua delarik (p=0,585). Multiparoen artean hemorragia %7an ematen da, lehenerdietan %9an ematen delarik, diferentzia ez esanguratsuarekin (p=0,24). Jaioberriei dagokienez, ez da diferentziarik aurkitzen lehenengo minutuko Apgar Score-ari dagokionez (%19,4-ak du 7 baino gutxiagoko puntuazioa forzeps taldean eta %18,8-ak bentosa taldean, diferentzia ez esanguratsua izanik, p=0,822). Bai ordea bostgarren minutuko Apgar Score-ari dagokionez (%4-ak du 7 baino gutxiagoko puntuazioa forzeps taldean eta %1,9-ak bentosa taldean, diferentzia esanguratsua izan zelarik, p=0,049). ONDORIOAK Bentosa forzepsa baino hobea da perineo urradurari dagokionez episiotomia egiten den kasuetan eta lehenerdietan. Beraz, batez ere kasu horietan bentosa erabiltzea baloratu behar da (forzepsa erabiltzeko indikazio espezifikorik ez badago). Hala ere, bibliografia aztertuz ikus daiteke nola bentosaren bidez jaioberriek morbilitate larriagoak izateko aukera duten. Beraz, kasu bakoitzean baloratu behar da amaren zein umekiaren onura/arrisku erlazioa eta zein instrumentu erabili erabaki. Horretarako, onuragarria izango litzateke entsegu klinikoak egitea forzepsa edo bentosa ausaz erabiliz, aztertzeko, bai amei zein umeei eragindako morbilitatea, entsegu hauen bidez instrumentu bata zein bestea erabiltzeko protokoloak egin ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20150,2017-01-10,"The TFG ( Final Project Grade ) deals with the design of a master module for IO -Link interfaces capable of handling slaves developed for that standard ( IO -Link ), we will use the VHDL language programming to develop a program that will implement in a Zynq FPGA . We will use the XILINX ISE programming environment and a plate developed by SOC-e (System on Chips ) in the APERT research laboratory containing the FPGA that will schedule plus the circuit with everything we need ( transceivers , connectors, ... ). Specifically we design the physical layer which is responsible for communicating directly with the slave and transfer the data to the upper layers .","Maisu -modulu baten diseinuan IO - Link interfazeen estandar hori garatu esklabo maneiatzeko gai da proiektuaren helburua gai hauek ( IO - Link ), horretarako programazio hizkuntza VHDL erabiliko dugu programa bat garatzeko FPGA Zynq bat ezartzea. Programazio ingurune Xilinx ISE eta plaka batek SOC -e garatutako erabiliko dugu FPGA duten zirkuituan ondo programatu du behar den guztia egiten dituen dago APERT laborategian. Zehazki diseinatzen ditugu , geruza fisikoa da zuzenean komunikatzeko esklabo batera arduraduna eta datuak transferitzeko goiko geruzak ." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67641,2024-05-07,"In the current framework where globalization poses constant challenges, counties are faced with the imperative need to become more self-sufficient, finding their foundations in the development that surfaces from the local level. This project aims to address this issue by taking the Basque county of Mungialdea as an example. An exhaustive analysis of the demographic, economic, and social characteristics has been carried out, placing specific emphasis on sustainability, equality, and the participation of local stakeholders and elements. The result: the design of a development strategy with 8 points that aspire to transform the region from its very essence.","Egungo testuinguru globalizatuak planteatzen dituen etengabeko erronkak direla eta, eskualdeek gero eta autosufizientzia maila handiagoa izateko premiari aurre egin behar diote, tokitik, esparru lokaletik jaiotako garapenean erantzuna bilatuz. Proiektu honetan, eztabaida honi heltzeko Mungialdeko euskal eskualdea ikergai bezala hautatu da. Ezaugarri demografiko, ekonomiko eta sozialen azterketa sakona egin da, iraunkortasunean, berdintasunean eta bertako interes-taldeen eta elementuen parte-hartzean arreta berezia jarriz. Lan guzti honen emaitza, eskualdea bere oinarrietatik eraldatzea proposatzen duen 8 puntuko garapen-estrategia baten diseinua izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23151,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to create a process to obtain filament for 3D impression. Although this process is already known in the industry, it is want to bring it to the laboratory of this university, so it will be useful in the investigations that are carried out here. Companies that are engaged in filament processing do not create filaments of all kinds of material, and that becomes a problem for research centres. With this project, moreover to create filament, the methodology to be followed will be explained. There will also be a set-up of the machines to be used and will be given the steps and all the explanations necessary for its good management. Among the machines to be used are the extruder and the shredder of polymeric material.","Proiektu honen helburua 3D inprimagailuan erabil daitekeen hariaren prozesaketa burutzea da. Industria munduan ezaguna den prozesua izan arren, unibertsitate honetako laborategira ekarri nahi da, bertako ikerketetarako lagungarria izateko. Filamentuen ekoizpenean jarduten duten enpresek ez dituzte material guztietako hariak ekoizten, eta hori arazo bihurtzen da ikerketa zentroetarako. Lan honekin, filamentua ekoizteaz gain, jarraitu beharreko metodologia bat azalduko da. Gainera, unibertsitateko makinen prestaketa egingo da eta beraien maneiurako beharrezkoak izango diren pausu eta azalpenak emango dira. Erabiliko diren makinen artean polimeroak estruitzeko makina eta pikortatze makina daude." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/49966,2020-04-03,"This doctoral thesis investigates the importance of integration in thecommunity of any educational project, taking as a reference the socialproduction of the postmodern city and its implications in the educationaldevelopment of children, through a case study of the Laboragune LearningSpace. In the theoretical section, we situate the current debate around thecrisis of the educational model and how, from the alternative educationmovement, other models are being constructed, breaking down thefoundations on which precisely this type of educational project is based. Wealso look in depth at the transformations that cities have undergone and theirimplications in the community sphere.For this reason, the objective of this work has been ""to analyze the influence ofan alternative learning space with a community dimension on the educationaldevelopment of children"". In analyzing the influence that this type of projecthas on children, we also want to identify the factors that can help or hinder thedevelopment of alternative educational projects in the community or toelaborate guidelines for a transformative education in the different educationalcontexts. All of this is done to provide the scientific and educational communitywith knowledge about the importance of the community approach in buildingan alternative, or innovation, to the school system, of an inclusive nature. Thestudy was qualitative, using the case study method, through different datacollection techniques such as documentary analysis, in-depth interviews,participant observation and life history. From this analysis a series of resultsrelated to the object of the investigation are obtained. We also point out someof the conclusions of this research and provide some guidelines.","Doktorego-tesi honek edozein hezkuntza-proiektu komunitatean sartzeak duengarrantzia aztertzen du, hiri postmodernoaren ekoizpen soziala eta horrekhaurren hezkuntza garapenean dituen ondorioak erreferentziatzat hartuta,Laboragune Ikaskuntza-Gunearen kasu-azterketa baten bidez. Atal teorikoan,egungo eztabaida hezkuntza ereduaren krisiaren inguruan kokatzen dugu, eta,hezkuntza alternatiboaren mugimendutik, beste eredu batzuk eraikitzen aridirela, hezkuntza-proiektu mota horren oinarriak xehatuz. Halaber, hiriek jasandituzten eraldaketetan sakontzen dugu, bai eta komunitate eremuan izandituzten ondorioetan ere.Hori dela eta, lan honen helburua izan da ""ikasteko espazio alternatibo etakomunitario batek haurren hezkuntza-garapenean duen eragina aztertzea"". Erahorretako proiektuek haurtzaroan duten eragina aztertzean, komunitateanhezkuntza-proiektu alternatiboen garapena lagundu edo oztopa dezaketenfaktoreak ere identifikatu nahi ditugu, edo hezkuntza-testuinguruetanhezkuntza eraldatzaile baterako orientabideak landu. Hori guztia, zientzia etahezkuntza-komunitateari eskola-sistemarako alternatiba inklusibo bat edoberrikuntza bat eraikitzean ikuspegi komunitarioak duen garrantziari buruzezagutza emateko asmoz. Egindako azterketa kualitatiboa izan da, kasuaazterketa metodoa, datuak lortzeko hainbat teknika erabili izan dira, hala nola,dokumentuen analisia, sakoneko elkarrizketak, behaketa parte-hartzailea etabizi-historia. Azterketa horretatik ikerketaren xedearekin lotutako zenbaitemaitza lortzen dira. Ikerketa honek dakartzan ondorio batzuk ere adierazi dira,eta orientazio batzuk eman ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16513,2015-12-18,"The project described on this document regards the research on the possibility of an automatic detection of the pulse and breathing well placed and the carotid or on the chest of the patient. Many studies were performed in the field of life signals' detection through, for example thoracic impedance the reason for using acceleration is mainly its low cost and accelerometers' simple technology. In relation to what's been discussed up to this point, this document explains how the platform for the acquisition of the acceleration's signals and the electrocardiogram emitted by the heart on health patient were built. With the signals acquired an algorithm based on the frequency domain has been develop to detect the presence of pulse and respiration. The results are promising and confirm the feasibility to develop those detectors. The tools developed will be able to be used to future analysis and to further continue this study.","Dokumentu honetan honelako proiektu bat deskribatzen da. Zehazki, azelerometro bat erabiliz azelerazio-seinalea lortzen da, eta seinale honetatik abiatuz taupaden eta arnasketen maiztasuna neurtzea bideragarria den aztertuko da. Sentsore hauek merkeak dira, eta bideragarriak badira inplementatzeko errazak izango lirateke kanpoko desfibrilagailu automatiko batean (esperientzia urriko jendeak erabili dezake dispositibo hau). Arlo honetan seinalearen prozesatzeak erronka asko ditu gaur egun, eta jada hainbat seinale ikertu dira, hala nola, inpedantzia-seinalea. Honen harira, dokumentu honetan azelerazio seinaleak eta bihotzak igorritako elektrokardiograma eskuratzeko plataforma nola muntatu den azaltzen da. Gainera, azelerazio-seinalea nola prozesatu den azalduko da aireztapen eta bihotz maiztasunak estimatzeko fast fourier transform lanabesa erabiliz, eta datu-base berri bat sortu da datu hauek erabiliz. Lorpen hauek proiektu honetan eta etorkizuneko ikasketetan erabiltzeko baliagarriak dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26060,1990,"This work starts making an analysis of the unity between science and practice in different subjects like Biology and Ecology, to analyse afterwards this relationship in penal and penitentiary Law, and in Criminology.","Artikulu hau zientzia eta praktikaren arteko loturaren analisiarekin hasten da, Biologia eta Ekologia abiapuntutzat harturik, gero erlazio hau Zuzenbide Penal, Presondegi Zuzenbide eta Kriminologian aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25923,2018-03-22,"Robotics is an innovative subject offered in English at Begoñazpi Ikastola. This subject is part of the school curriculum. Through this research, it has been described the method they use in sixth grade, to evaluate it as a resource for the teaching of the foreign language (English). Finally, it has been concluded that it is useful and appropriate to use in Primary Education. Students are active children, they become the leaders of their own learning process. Using English as a tool for communication significantly favours the English language competence, and the other skills are obtained in the same way. The Robotics method prepares students for the future, with the skills and abilities needed to deal independently or cooperatively with any problems they may have. (English)","Robotics Begoñazpi Ikastolan ingelesez eskaintzen den irakasgai berritzailea da. Irakasgai hau eskola-curriculumaren osagaia da. Ikerketa honen bidez, seigarren mailan erabiltzen duten metodoa deskribatu egin da, irakasgaia atzerriko hizkuntza (ingelesa) irakasteko errekurtso gisa baloratu ahal izateko. Azkenean, Lehen Hezkuntzarako baliagarria eta aproposa dela ondorioztatu egin da. Ikasleak haur aktiboak dira, haien ikaskuntzaren protagonistak bihurtzen dira. Ingelesa komunikazio erreminta gisa erabil-tzeak nabarmen hobetzen du haien ingeleseko hizkuntza-konpetentzia, eta gainerako konpetentziak berdin-berdin eskuratzen dituzte. Robotics metodoak ikasleak etorkizunerako prestatzen ditu, izan ditzaketen arazoei modu autonomoan edo kooperatiboan, aurre egiteko gaitasunak eta trebetasunak eskaintzen dizkie.(Euskara)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26284,1989,It is described anthropological and medical doctrines at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries that influenced Pedro Dorado Montero's particular conception of Criminal Law.,"Pedro Dorado Monteroren Zuzenbide penalaren kontzepzio bereziarengan eragina izan zuten doktrina antropologiko eta medikoak deskribatzen dira, zeintzuk XIX mendearen bukaeran eta XX aren hasieran koka bait daitezte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74843,2025-10-02,"The present Final Degree Project constitutes a didactic proposal, comprising seven activities that have been specifically designed for the Infant Education stage, specifically for the second stage. The objective of these activities is to promote additive bilingualism through the utilisation of oral and written language. In order to understand and assimilate the relevance of the different types of communication (oral and written), scientific information from various authors who are experts in the subjects to be addressed has been used. In the domain of education, a methodology has been formulated with the objective of preventing potential language conflicts within the school environment. This approach, predicated on play as a ludic strategy, seeks to promote the value of oral and written communication, recognising linguistic diversity in its totality. As previously stated, the intervention has been meticulously designed to be implemented in an educational centre located in the Basque Country. The fundamental purpose of this intervention is to promote the use of Basque and Basque culture, whilst guaranteeing respect for the pupils' mother tongue at all times. In this sense, the objective is for the children not to perceive the Basque language as an imposition, but to utilise the game as a tool to facilitate their learning. In summary, the objective of the intervention is to justify the utilisation of Basque, with the ultimate aim of orienting the result towards the use of the language. In order for this didactic intervention to be as effective as possible, Decree 75/2023 has been taken into account, establishing the specific competences and indicators of achievement to be achieved with the pupils of Infant Education.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren etapara zuzendutako zazpi jarduerez osatutako proposamen didaktiko bat eskaintzen da. Jarduera horiek ahozko eta idatzizko hizkuntzaren bidez elebitasun gehitzailea lantzea dute helburu. Komunikatzeko modu desberdinen garrantzia ulertzeko (ahozko-hizkuntza eta idatzizko-hizkuntza), horri buruz dakiten hainbat egileren informazio zientifikoa erabili da. Horregatik, hainbat testuinguruetan eman daitekeen gatazka linguistikoak ekiditeko asmoz, ahozko- idatzizko-komunikazioa eta hizkuntza guztiek duten garrantzia azalarazteko nahiarekin jolasera bideratutako esku-hartze bat diseinatu da. Beraz, Euskal Herriko ikastetxe batean praktikan ipintzeko esku-hartze bat dela kontuan izanda, euskara eta euskal kultura sustatu nahi da, betiere norbere ama-hizkuntza baztertu gabe. Horrekin bat, haurrek euskararen erabilera inposaketa bat balitz bezala ez ikustea lortu nahi da jolasa bitartekari erabiliz. Azken finean, diseinatutako esku-hartzearekin euskara aldarrikatu nahi da azken emaitza euskaldunen hizkuntzara bideratuz baina beste edozein hizkuntza gutxietsi gabe. GrAL honen esku-hartzea ahalik eta eraginkorrena izan dadin 75/2023 Dekretua kontuan eduki da eta Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleekin lortu nahi diren konpetentzia espezifikoak eta lorpen adierazleak ezarri dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62326,2023-08-31,"This study tries to develop an innovative methodology for designing optimized gym equipment based on the current scientific evidence. The simulation of biomechanical models is used to obtain information regarding the contractile capacity of the muscle, which is later used in the designing process. The practical case of elbow flexion machines is used as an example of the application of this methodology. After analysing some of the elbow flexion exercises currently available, the optimization methodology is applied to analyse and correct the design of the machine shown in the cover. In order to achieve this, this study develops a simulation tool capable of obtaining the mechanical operating response of the machines based on the Cam-Pulley drive system. Using this tool, this work studies the possibility of modifying the geometry of the cam so that the resistant torque offered by the machine matches the torque generated by the muscle. In addition to detecting and correcting other undesirable characteristics in the machine, this work suceedes in optimizing the resistance profile offered by the drive system. On top of that, this work also proposes an original design of an elbow flexion machine, the efficiency of which is fully optimized within the physical boundaries of the drive system.","Azterlan honen helburua muskulazio makinak diseinatzeko metodologia berritzaile bat garatzea da, gaur egun eskuragarri dagoen ebidentzia zientifikoan oinarrituta. Modelizazio biomekanikoaren simulazioen bitartez, giharren uzkurtze ahalmenari buruzko informazioa lortzen da, ondoren diseinu prozesuan erabiliko dena. Metodologia erabileraren adibide gisa, ukondo flexiorako makinen kasu praktikoa aztertzen da. Gaur egun eskuragarri dauden ukondo flexio ariketen analisia egin ondoren, azalean dagoen makinaren diseinua zuzentzeko metodologia prozedura jarraitzen da. Horretarako, espeka-polea eragintza sisteman oinarritutako makina familiaren analisi mekanikorako kalkulu tresna propio bat garatzen da. Tresna honen bidez espekaren geometria aldatzearen ondorioak aztertzen dira, makinak eskaintzen duen momentu eragozlea eta giharrek sor dezaketen momentu eragilea berdintzeko helburuarekin. Makinan dauden akats eta ezaugarri kaltegarri batzuk aurkitu eta zuzentzeaz gain, eragintza sistemak eskaintzen duen erresistentzia-profila optimizatzea lortzen da. Horrez gain, eragintza sistemaren muga fisikoen barruan ahalik eta eraginkortasun gehien eskaintzen duen makina diseinu berria proposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23207,2017-07,"The following Final Grade´s Project is about the study of the robot Mitsubishi RV6S, an anthropomorphic robotic arm of 6 degrees of freedom and a wide variety of movements, to be able to develop a complete simulator in the program Matlab. To move the robot and describe the trajectories it is necessary to know its kinematic behavior so that, throughout the project, the direct and inverse kinematic problems will be solved. Subsequently the interpolators will be introduced and they will be used for the generation of trajectories due to how beneficial they are. Finally it will be simulated in 3D the robot describing the trajectory already generated.","Gradu amaierako lan hau Mitsubishi RV6S robotaren ikerketan datza, sei graduko askatasuna duen beso robotiko antropomorfikoa eta mugimendu anitzekoa, Matlab programatik erabateko simulagailu bat garatzeko. Robota mugitzeko eta ibilbideak deskribatzeko beharrezkoa da bere portaera zinematikoa ezagutzea, horregatik, lanaren zehar, arazo zinematiko zuzenak eta alderantzizkoak ebatziko dira. Ondoren, interpolatzaileak sartuko dira eta ibilbideak eratzeko erabiliko dira, bere onuragarritasunagaitk. Azkenik, robota 3D dimentsioan simulatuko da dagoeneko ibilbidea deskribatzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25093,2005,"This contribution focuses on the relationship between Indian legislation on drugs and the diverse cultural and historical uses of drugs. Instead of a social acceptance of the cultural uses a strict criminalisation of the possession of cannabis or opium has been imposed: more than 10 years of imprisonment in case of possession of cannabis. This symbolic legislation is difficult to apply –some Indian casts use cannabis by religious reasons–, and assimilates the drug use to the deviant behaviour. The necessity of an alternative approach to the drugs issue, in the way of the harm reduction policy, is affirmed.","Indiako drogen gaineko legeria eta gizarte horretan dauden erabilera kultural eta historikoen arteko erlazioak aztertzen dira. Erabilera kulturalaren gizarte onarpenaren kontra, kannabisa edo opioaren kriminalizazio zorrotza inposatu dute –10 urte baino gehiagoko gartzelaratzea kannabisa edukitzeagatik–. Aplikatzeko zaila den legeria sinboliko honek –Indiako zenbait kastek kannabisaren erabilera erlijiosoa egiten dute– drogen kontsumoa portaera maltzurrekin lotzen du. Drogen gaiaren gaineko hurbilketa alternatibo bat proposatzen da, hala nola, kalteen murrizketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54089,2021-11-25,"Autism is a disorder characterized by difficulties in social relationships, in communication and in cognitive rigidity. Currently, diagnosed cases are increasing, thus it is important to give a educational response in schools. In the educational field, there are different response options, either in the ordinary classroom, in the stable classroom or in special education schools. The objective of this study is to observe the educational response in the ordinary classroom of a 2-year-old child in a subsidized center and analyze its influence, that is, to analyze a case. The intervention has been carried out through the Denver program, with very satisfactory results, specially in the social ambit. Finally, some improvement proposals are collected.","Autismoa harreman sozialetan, komunikazioan eta zurruntasun kognitiboan zailtasunak azaltzen dituen nahastea da. Gaur egun, gero eta kasu gehiago daude, eta oso garrantzitsua da ikastetxeetan hezkuntza-erantzun on bat ematea. Hezkuntza eremuan erantzun bat emateko aukera desberdinak daude, gela arruntan, gela egonkorrean edo hezkuntza bereziko eskoletan. Lan honen helburua ikastetxe itundu batean 2 urteko haur bati gelan bertan ematen zaion hezkuntza-erantzuna behatzea eta horren eragina aztertzea da, hau da, kasu baten analisia egitea. Esku-hartzea Denver programaren bidez egin da eta oso emaitza onak izan ditu, batez ere arlo sozialean. Bukaeran hobekuntza proposamen batzuk jasotzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67613,2024-05-07,"After World War II, Germany was left devastated, occupied, divided, and in a precarious economic situation. Nevertheless, thanks to various factors, it would achieve unprecedented economic and social repercussions, transforming it from a country in ruins into one of the world's major powers. This process is known as the ""German economic miracle,"" through this work it will be attempted to explain the reasons behind its occurrence, how it unfolded, and showcase both the evolution and impact it had on the country during this period of recovery, comparing it with the development of other countries during the same era.","Bigarren Mundu Gerraren ondoren, Alemania suntsituta, okupatuta, bananduta eta egoera ekonomiko kezkagarrian geratu zen. Hala ere, zenbait faktoreri esker, inoiz ikusi gabeko hazkunde ekonomiko eta sozialetako bat lortuko zuen, eta, ondorioz, erortzeko zorian zegoen herrialde bat izatetik munduko potentzia handienetako bat izatera igaroko zen. Prozesu horri “alemaniar mirari ekonomikoa” deitzen zaio, eta lan honen bitartez zergatik, nola, eta herrialdeak izandako bilakaera aztertzen saiatuko naiz. Era berean, Alemaniak garai berean beste herrialde batzuekin izan zuten bilakaera alderatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25130,2003,"The phenomenon of corruption refers to an important number of penal figures, and it takes place within the framework of the administration, although it can occur too in the national and international economic relations. After an exam of the penal concept of corruption, it is emphasized the international preoccupation by this phenomenon, and the regional and global initiatives to overcome this problem are explained next. As well the lack of uniformity of the applied solutions are proved, being many the points where the international instruments diverge.","Administrazioaren inguruan ematen den ustelkeriaren gertakaria, hainbat irudi penalekin erlazionatuta agertzen zaigu. Hala ere, nazio nahiz nazioarteko erlazio ekonomikoen inguruan ere ematen da. Ustelkeriaren kontzeptu penala aztertu ondoren, gertakari honi aurre egiteko irtenbide erregional eta globalak azaltzen dira. Agerian geratzen dira nazioartean gertakari honi aurre egiterakoan azaltzen diren desadostasunak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46930,2020-10-15,"Abstract: Many of the most recent publications in the embedded MPC field choose to use first-order algorithms as a solution to the complexity of accelerating second-order algorithms in systems with restricted computing resources. Thus, the purpose of this project consist on evaluating the response of these first order algorithms and compare their performance with second-order algorithms to have consistent criteria to design specific accelerators optimized in the development of SoCs with application to the high performance embedded MPC. To aim this objective, the first part of the text focuses on explaining a background needed to understand the approach of the optimization algorithms in the solution of a reformulated MPC problem arising from a state-space model. In this chapter, definitions such as Shift and Delta discretisation, System Variable and Dynamics Stacking, and Sparse and Dense formulation are explained. Once the related background is presented, it is analysed in detail the application to the MPC of the most current and efficient first order algorithms, making a study of the proposals published in recent years. In this section, definitions such as optimality, stopping conditions and convergence will be taken into account. After this analysis, the application of these algorithms will be adapted to different MPC formulation options where it will be evaluated their computational performance in different scenarios. Lastly, the results obtained of the previous evaluation will be compared with the performance of the second order algorithms, particularly using a simplified Interior Point which it is optimised for an embedded MPC implementation. This comparison will allow to take appropriate design decisions in the implementation of MPC in embedded systems considering aspects such as hardware simplicity, computational performance and numerical characteristics.","Laburpena: MPC txertatuaren arloko argitalpen berrienetako askok lehen mailako algoritmoak erabiltzen dituzte baliabide informatiko mugatuak dituzten sistemetan bigarren mailako algoritmoen azelerazioaren konplexutasunari aurre egiteko. Beraz, proiektu honen helburua lehen mailako algoritmo horien erantzuna ebaluatzea eta haien errendimendua bigarren mailako algoritmoekin alderatzen da. Horrela, eraginkortasun handiko MPC kontrolagailu txertatuak gauzatzeko SoC arkitektura berriak diseinatzeko beharrezkoak diren azeleragailuak diseinatzeko irizpideak lortu nahi dira. Helburu hori lortzeko, lan honen lehen atalean, egoera-espazioko eredutik sortzen den birformulatutako MPC problemen ebazpenerako beharrezko diren optimizazioalgoritmoen planteamendua ulertzeko beharrezkoak diren aurrekariak azaltzen dira. Kapitulu honetan, zenbait definizio azaltzen dira, hala nola Shift eta Delta diskretizazioa, aldagaien eta sistemen dinamikaren pilaketa, eta formulazio trinko eta sakabanatuak. Aurrekariak aurkeztu ondoren, lehen mailako algoritmo berri eta eraginkorrenak MPC-aren arloan nola aplikatu diren aztertzen da, horretarako azken urteetako argitalpen zientifikoetan agertutako proposamenak aztertuz. Atal honetan optimizazioa, bukaera-baldintzak eta konbergentzia bezalako kontzeptuak kontuan hartuko dira. Ondoren, algoritmo horien aplikazioa MPCren formulazio-aukera desberdinetara egokituko da, haien errendimendu konputazionala hainbat egoera esanguratsuetan ebaluatuz. Azkenik, aurreko ebaluaziotik lortutako emaitzak bigarren mailako algoritmoen errendimenduarekin konparatuko dira, bereziki sistema txertatuetan erabiltzeko optimizatua izan den IP (Interior Point) algoritmo sinplifikatu bat erabilita, MPC txertatua ezartzeko optimizatuta dagoena. Konparazio horri esker, diseinu-erabaki egokiak hartu ahal izango dira sistema txertatuetan MPCa ezartzeko, ondorengo alderdi hauek kontuan hartuta: hardwarearen sinpletasuna, errendimendu konputazionala eta zenbakizko ezaugarriak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54098,2021-11-25,"This work has been mainly based mainly on the collection of information on the subject to be exposed, the types of families in children's literature. Throughout the report, different types of books are analyzed that will help to see the impact that this topic has on society and to corroborate whether the evolution of children's literature is accompanied by the evolution of society. It is very important to make people aware of this new fact that accompanies us. Therefore, it has been decided to express different opinions from both subjective and objective perspectives. This work also aims to change the mindsets of readers regarding this topic. The wish was expressed that all types of families must be accepted. Care has also been taken to advise the reader on how to deal with conflict situations and to avoid future discrimination due to the fact that a child does not have a traditional family, the most common. This issue is somewhat contentious, since to know how to deal with this type of situation you also have to know how to accept new changes and new traditions.","Gradu amaierako lan hau, batez ere, azalduko den gaiari buruzko informazioa biltzean oinarritu da, hau da, familia-motak haur literaturan. Txostenean zehar, hainbat liburu mota aztertu dira, gai honek gizartean duen eragina aztertzen laguntzeko eta haur literaturaren bilakaerak gizartearen bilakaerarekin bat egiten duen egiaztatzeko. Era berean, garrantzitsua da pertsonak gurekin datorren gertaera berri horren inguruan kontzientziatzea. Horregatik, iritzi desberdinak ikuspegi subjektibo zein objektibotik jasotzea erabaki da. Irakurleek gai honi buruz dituzten pentsamoldeak aldatzea ere bada lan honen helburua. Izan ere, familia mota guztien onarpena ahalbidetu behar dela adierazi nahi izan da. Era berean, irakurleei egoera gatazkatsu horiei aurre egiteko kontuan hartu beharreko gakoak eman nahi izan zaizkie, etorkizunean diskriminaziorik gerta ez daitezen. Gai hau nahiko konplexua da, horrelako egoerei aurre egiten jakiteko ere aldaketa berriak eta tradizio berriak onartzen jakin behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14003,2015-01-16,"The aim of this Grade Final Project has been to design a multilingual tale that incorporates a technological innovation, Augmented Reality, to promote the language teaching and learning in school. To do this, we analyzed some tales with Augmented Reality that can be found on the market. Finding no tale that met our expectations, we have created a multilingual tale with Augmented Reality adapting the classical tale “Peter Pan”, which meets the goals of promoting the learning of different languages and a taste for reading, appreciating immigrant languages in the classroom and promoting the use of ICT.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, berrikuntza teknologikoa, Errealitate Areagotua, gehitzen duen ipuin eleanitza diseinatzea izan da, eskolan hizkuntzaren irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesua laguntzeko. Horretarako, merkatuko hainbat ipuin Errealitate Areagotuarekin aztertu dira. Eta asetzen gintuen ipuinik aurkitu ez dugunez, “Peter Pan” ipuin klasikoa moldatzen, ipuin eleanitza Errealitate Areagotuarekin sortu dugu, honako helburuak lortzeko: hizkuntza desberdinen ikaskuntza eta irakurketa sustatzea, hizkuntza etorkinak gelan aintzat hartzea eta IKT-en erabilera bultzatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47699,2020-11-04,"English: The aim of this proyect is to study variation of pressure in the surface of Mars, at the ecuador of the planet, where Insight is. Pubic data of the instrument Twins from Insight will be used, with the help of programs written in IDL language. Pressure drops will be searched and studied. They are denominated dust devils and are produced by convective vortex. Futhermore a study of diurnal variety of pressure will be realised, using the analysis of Fourier and descomposing the signal in harmonical variations. This first Fouerier’s serial modes are physically related with the effects of solar thermal tides.","Euskera: Lan honen helburua, Marte azaleran, insight misioaren kokapen ekuatorialean dagoen presio atmosferikoa aztertzea da. Lan honetarako, aztertu dira Insightko TWINS tresnaren datu publikoak, IDL programazio hizkuntzan idazitako programen bidez. Zehazki, presio erorketa bortitzak ezaugarritu dira, hauts zurrunbiloen ondorioz, eta hauek, berriz, bortize konbektiboen ondorioz, eta aztertu dira presio eguneroko aldakuntzak Fournier serieak erabiliz eta presio eguneroko seinalea aldakuntza armonikoetan deskonposatzen. Serie Fouriereko lehenengo modu armonikoak, fisikoki eguzki marea termikoen efektuei dagozkie." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26155,1991,"The autor in this article gives us some facts about the different aspects of french penitenciaries, to centre on the prison staff problems, and he gives some suggestions to improve their situation.","Egileak, frantses presondegien ikuspegi desberdin batzuei buruzko argibideak azalduz bere lana hasten du. Geroxeago espetxeetako zaindarien arazoak zehazten ditu, eta azkenean horien egoera hobetzeko asmoz proposamen batzuk aurkezten ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25629,1993,"Alternatives to the heterosexual behaviour between adults are being tackled in this work. lt represents an attempt of classifying and describing every one of them, as well as the psychological factors involved on their development. Finally, transexualism is analysed from the view of sexual identity disorders.","Lan honetan helduen arteko heterosexual portaeraren aukerak azaldu egiten dira. Aukera bakoitza eta bere bilakaeran tartekatuta dauden faktore psikologikoak sailkatu eta deskribatzen saiatzen da. Azkenik. sexual nortasunaren trastornoaren ikuspegitik, transexualismoa aztertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16466,2015-12-15,"The following Final Grade’s Project presents the kinematic analysis of the ABB’S IRB120 robot and the development of a graphic application to visualize it. It begins with a state of the art study of industrial robotics. The kinematic analysis is to set out the robot’s equations and the solution of the direct and inverse problem by the Matlab software. Last, the graphic application displays the movement of the robot and reference systems in the user´s input trajectory.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan ABB-ko IRB120 errobotaren analisi zinematikoa eta ikusteko grafiko aplikazioa sorrerako aurkezten da. Lan hau errobotika industrialaren gaiaren egoeraren ikasketatik hasten da. Analisi zinematikoa, errobotaren ekuazioak planteatzea eta Matlab software-arekin arazo zuzena eta alderantzizkoaren ebazpenean lortzen da. Azkenik, grafikoaren aplikazioan ikus daiteke errobotaren eta erreferentzia sistemaren mugimenduak erabiltzaileak sartutako ibilbidearen arabera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36564,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the proposal made for the Final Project is the renewal of a pipe conduction part which carries water from Loiola´s dam to a Water Treatment Plant located in Basatxu, Barakaldo. The length of the part that it is going to be renewed is of 4 km, its diary maximum flow is 125 L/s and it is formed by 300 mm asbestos cement pipes. The unevenness is 144 m and the average slope is 9 %. For these reasons, there are 5 cameras installed to break the pressure during the conduction. The last part of the pipeline was modified in 2008 due to the risk of collapse during the construction of South Metropolitan Road. Taking into account that the pipes of asbestos cement contained a polluting element, one of the main objectives of the project is to quit these pipes following a specific “Work Plan” and respecting the condition of safe and security stablished. Once the dangerous material is removed, we will need to ensure that it would not be a threat to the wildlife and nature in the future. On the other hand, the renewed part will be formed by 9K type ductile function pipes and the tracing will be modified to adequate it to better paths and reduce the slope. Moreover, instead of the cameras to break pressure, Pressure Reduction Valves will be installed because their duration, functionality and security are better. When the design is concluded, the biggest pressures will be checked to ensure that are inside the permitted ones. In resume, this project describes the different working phases there need to be followed during an underground hydraulic construction and the steps we need to take when we make an asbestos cement retirement. The working phases are the next: Excavation of the ditch, Retirement of the asbestos cement pipes, Installation of the new pipeline, Construction of structures and Ditch filling and pavement reconstruction. One of the principal points to choose this type of project is to ensure a responsible and efficient way to deal with such an important and valuable resource as water is. This project constitutes at the same time a guide to when a design of a pipeline is needed, and the added work of asbestos cement pipeline retirement gives more content and difficulty to the work.","Laburpena: Gradu Amaierako Lan bezala, Trapagaranen kokatutako Loiolako urtegitik Barakaldon dagoen Basatxuko ETAP-era ura daraman jasotze hodiaren atal baten berritzea egitea proposatzen da. Kondukzioaren atal horren luzera 4 km inguru dira, 125 L/s-ko eguneko emari maximoa du eta 300 mm-ko fibrozementuzko hodiez osatuta dago. Ibilbidean 144 m-ko kota aldaketa dago eta batez besteko malda %9-koa da. Ondorioz, karga hausteko 5 ganbera daude. Kondukzioaren azken atala dagoeneko berrituta dago 2008-an Hego Bariante Metropolitar Errepidea egiterakoan zati horren desbiderapena burutu behar izan zelako. Kontuan izanda fibrozementuko hodiak amiantoz osatuta daudela, proiektu honen xede garrantzitsuenetako bat material horren kentzea burutzea izango da ""Obra Plan"" berezi bat jarraituz eta beharrezko osasun eta segurtasun baldintzak errespetatuz. Behin material hau kenduta, bere gestio egokia burutu beharko da ingurumenari zein izaki bizidunei inolako kalterik ez eragiteko etorkizunean. Horrez gain, kondukzioaren atal berrian fundizioko K9 motako hodiak instalatu dira eta trazatua modifikatu da eremu mesedegarriagoetatik pasatuz eta malda bortitzeko bideak saihestuz. Gainera, karga hausteko ganberen ordez, Presioa Erreduzitzeko Balbulak jarri dira funtzionamendua, iraunkortasuna eta segurtasuna hobeto bermatzen dutelako. Behin kondukzioa diseinatua sarearen efizientzia bermatuko da presio maximoak onargarriak dirala aztertuz. Laburbilduz, proiektu honek lurpeko obra hidrauliko bat burutzeko obra fase ezberdinak deskribatzen ditu eta desamianto bat burutzeko jarraitu beharreko pauso zehatzak edozein arrisku ezabatzeko. Obra fase horiek Zangaren eraisketa, Fibrozementuko hoditeriaren kentzea, Kondukzioaren instalazioa, Eraikuntza zurrunak eta Betetze eta birjartze lanak dira. Lan honen aukeraketa egiteko arrazoi nagusietako bat ura bezalako errekurtso garrantzitsu eta gero eta urriagoaren ustiapen efiziente eta seguruagoa egitea da eta, gainera, akademikoki kondukzio hidrauliko bat diseinatzeko irizpideen eta pausoen gidoi bat osatzen du. Azkenik, desamianto bat burutu behar izateak konplexutasun maila handiagoa ematen dio proiektuari bere edukia handituz eta mamitsuagoa eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22265,2012,"There are very worrying signs that a concerted effort is being made to give legitimacy to a new scenario of co-habitation in which the permanent demands for memory, truth and justice being made by the victims of terrorism are reduced to ethically indecent petitions that talk about pardon for killers, that appeal to the notion of a “joining of efforts” between those who kill and those who die, and which demand of those who have most suffered the scourge of terrorism that they “forget”.","Bizikidetzako egoera berri bat legeztatzeko ahalegin argi bat adoretzen ari diren adierazgarri oso kezkagarriak daude. Egoera berri horretan, gehienbat terrorismoaren biktimek eskatutako oroimenaren, egiaren eta justiziaren etengabeko erreklamazioak etikoki lotsagarriak diren eskaera bihurtu dira, eta eskaera horiek hiltzaileei barkatzeari buruz, hiltzen dutenen eta hiltzen direnen artean “indarrak batzea” eskatzeari buruz eta terrorismoaren izurria jasan dutenei “ahaztea” eskatzeari buruz mintzo dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50975,2021-04-15,"Since coexistence is one of the most important pillars and aspects of interpersonal relations, this paper highlights the importance of working and promoting coexistence in the school and in the educational environment in general. A diagnosis is made of the classroom environment with boys and girls in the 5th and 6th grades of primary school. The objective is to analyse coexistence and relationships between students at the J. A. Mogel Ikastola in Eibar, in order to provide a solution to possible problems, both at classroom and school level. To this end, the points of view of the students and the teacher have been taken into account; a questionnaire of 8 items has been made to analyse the point of view of the student and another 3 questions aimed at the elaboration of different sociograms; to investigate the point of view of the teacher a questionnaire of short questions and tests has been used. Once the answers have been collected, the results are shown by comparing them at two levels and comparing the points of view of both teachers and students. Through the analysis of the data it has been concluded that, although there are aspects of improvement in both levels, the atmosphere in the 5th grade classroom is worse. Thus, proposals have been made to improve the classroom environment. Key words: Coexistence, diagnosis, classroom environment, questionnaire, Physical Education","Elkarbizitza pertsonen arteko harremanen oinarri eta aspektu garrantzitsuenetariko bat izanik, eskolan eta orokorrean hezkuntza arloan bizikidetza landu eta sustatzearen garrantzia goraipatu da lan honetan. Gelako giroaren inguruko diagnostiko bat egiten da Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6.mailako haurrekin. Honen helburua, Eibarren dagoen J. A. Mogel Ikastolako ikasleen bizikidetza eta harremanak aztertzea da, bertan egon daitezkeen arazo posibleei konponbide bat emateko, bai gelako bai ikastetxeko elkarbizitza hobetzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako ikaslearen eta irakaslearen ikuspuntuak hartzen dira kontuan: ikaslearen ikuspuntua aztertzeko 8 itemetako galdetegi bat eta soziograma osatzea xede duten beste 3 galdera egin dira; irakaslearen ikuspuntua ikertzeko, galdera laburrez eta test bidezko galderez osatutako galdetegia izan da erabilia. Erantzunak bildu ondoren, emaitzak azaleratzen dira bi mailatako erantzunak alderatuz eta irakasle zein ikasleen ikuspuntuak erkatuz. Emaitzen analisiaren bitartez ondorioztatzen da, nahiz eta bi mailatan hobetzeko alderdiak egon, 5. mailako gelako giroa okerragoa dela. Hau horrela, gelako giroa hobetzeko proposamenak luzatzen dira. Hitz gakoak: Bizikidetza, diagnostikoa, gelako giroa, galdetegia, Gorputz Hezkuntza" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25435,1999,"Jean Pinatel receives in this article a merited appreciation of a whole professional trajectory. This eminent criminologist has remarkably influenced in the entire world contributing to different academic activities as well as through action programs. From all his doctrine it is selected, above all, his concept of criminal personality as model, paradigm or hypothesis to different subsequent works and reflections.","Jean Pinatel-ek, testu honetan bere lanbide osoarengandik merezi duen ezagutza jasotzen du. Mundu osoan nabarmenki eragin du kriminologo handi honek, hainbat aktibitate akademiko eta ekintza programetan parte hartuz. Pertsonalitate kriminalaren esanahia, eredu, paradigma edo lan hipotesiak eta ondorengo gogoetak arrera ona jaso dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75390,2025-11-05,"The proliferation of 6-axis robots in a wide range of prices and characteristics is driving a worldwide automatization of the industry. The availability of this medium is fostering unprecedented adoption, opening up several opportunities for developing new projects. However, the market continues to show weakness in the field of precision robotics, mainly due to the lack of demand for these goods. While the market is begining to react, a long time is expected to pass before these high precision solutions become available at reasonable prices. In that context, it is convenient to study already available robots in order to generate a mapping of robotic architectures capable of determining the most affordable configuration that guarantees a pre-established level of precision and tolerance. This project develops its own methodology in order to describe a testing campaign aimed at generating a map of robotic architectures for edge finishing precesses on aeronautical parts, focusing on the characteristic geometries of turbine and compressor discs and casings.","Kostu eta ezaugarri anitzeko 6 ardatzeko robot industrialen ugaritzea dela-eta, automatizazio industriala inoiz baino bizkorrago hedatzen ari da mundu osoan. Baliabide honen demokratizazioak adopzio-maila paregabea ekarri du, proiektu berriak garatzeko aukera ugarirekin batera. Hala ere, merkatuak ahuleziak erakusten ditu oraindik zehaztasun handiko robotikaren arloan, batez ere ondasun mota hauen eskari urria dela-eta. Merkatuak erreakzionatzen hasi dela egia bada ere, zehaztasun handiko berrikuntzak eta produktuak prezio eskuragarrian egon arte denbora luzea igaroko dela aurreikusten da. Horregatik, gaur egun eskuragarri dauden robotak aztertzea komeni da, aurrez ezarritako zehaztasun eta tolerantzia-maila erakusten duen konfiguraziorik merkeena aurkitzea ahalbidetzen duen arkitektura robotikoen datu-base bat sortzeko. Proiektu honek berezko metodologian oinarritutako saiakuntza-kanpaina bat garatzen du, aeronautikako arloaren piezen ertz-akabera bermatzen duen datu-basea sortzeko helburuarekin, turbina eta konpresoreko disko eta karkasen geometrian oinarrituak bereziki." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59524,2023-01-26,"The continuous growth in content delivery through the current broadcasting systems makes necessary the evolution towards new technologies that can address future needs. In terms of digital television, the ATSC 3.0 committee proposes a new architecture, IDL/ITCN, to enable convergence towards the next generation of digital television. However, these new technologies incorporate new challenges, such as managing a large number of interfering signals. In this context, this project aims to establish the initial basis for further research to facilitate the management of interference signals within these new scenarios. For this purpose, we proposed a solution that combines current interference management techniques with machine learning algorithms. In this way, it is intended to obtain a more optimal solution than the one achieved with the traditional systems.","Egungo irrati-difusio sistemen bidez pairatu den eduki-hornikuntzaren gorakadak teknologia berrietaranzko bilakaera bat eskatzen du, egoera berri honek sortu dituen beharrei erantzun ahal izateko. Telebista digitalaren alorrean, ATSC 3.0 batzordeak arkitektura berri bat proposatzen du hurrengo belaunaldiarekiko konbergentzia gauzatu ahal izateko, IDL/ITCN bezala ezagutzen dena. Hala ere, teknologia berri horiek erronka berriak eskatzen dituzte, hala nola interferentzia-seinale askoren kudeaketa. Testuinguru horren barruan, proiektu honen helburua hasierako oinarriak ezartzea da, gerora, ikerketa handiago bat ekarriko lukeena egoera berri horien barruan interferentzia-seinaleen kudeaketa errazteko. Horretarako, interferentziak kudeatzeko metodo tradizionalak eta machine learning algoritmoak konbinatu nahi dira, egungo sistemekin lortutakoa baino irtenbide hobea lortzea ahalbidetuko dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60236,2023-03-03,"In this final degree project, apart from making a deep investigation about the relevance of the role of the teacher, I have also investigated how this role influence on the child learning development. For that reason, my vision has also focus on themes like: child, teacher, relations and emotions. Therefore, there are several topics covered through this work of investigation, such as: emotional aspect, pedagogical relationships, the relevance of kindergarten education, the role of the teacher, child well-being…etc. To discuss this work, I have base on a qualitative methodology, specifically on an autoethnography; where my personal experiences have been relevant. In addition to that, the journal and the interviews done on my third internship, have been the basis of the information collection. So, my personal experience will be the starting point of this work of investigation, and the final results and conclusions, will put an end to the work.","EUS] Gradu amaierako lan honetan, irakaslearen rolaren garrantziaren inguruko azterketa sakon bat egiteaz gain, rol honek haurraren irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesuan duen eragina ere aztertu dut. Hori dela eta, begirada: haurra, irakaslea, harremanak eta emozioak bezalako gaietan jarri dut ere. Beraz, hainbat dira ikerketa-lan honetan azaleratzen diren gaiak, horien artean aurkitzen dira: alderdi emozionala, harreman pedagogikoak, Haur Hezkuntzako etapa, irakaslearen rola, haurraren ongizatea…etab. Lana jorratzeko, metodologia kualitatibo batean oinarritu naiz, besteak beste autoetnografian; non nire esperientzia propioak garrantzi handikoak izan diren. Horrez gainera, Practicum III aren egonaldiaren zehar aurrera eramandako egunerokoa zein egindako elkarrizketak, datuen bilketaren tresnak izan dira; lanaren muga erantzuteko asmoarekin. Hortaz, ikerketa-lan honen abiapuntua nire esperientzia pertsonala izango da, eta emaitzak zein ondorioak amaiera emango diote lanari." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36524,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the following technical study has been made for the completion of the Degree in Mechanical Engineering. The work consists of continuing (in the field of mechanics) a project carried out in the School on Engineering on Gipuzkoa, Eibar section. This project consists of the dimensioning of a platform in energy terms, where the equipment to be installed for the generation and storage of hydrogen had been chosen. Basically, the different types of existing platforms have been analysed and the most viable one has been chosen according to the requirements. For the sizing of the structure, the load combination has been applied to study two (2) cases of ultimate limit states and one (1) limit state of service. To carry out the analyses, a Finite Element program called COMSOL Multiphysics has been used.","Laburpena: Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko gradua lortzeko hurrengo azterketa teknikoa egin da. Lanak (mekanikaren arloan) Eibar egindako proiektu bat jarraitzea izan da. Proiektu hau energiaren terminoetan plataforma bat dimentsionatzea izan da, non hidrogenoa sortzeko eta biltegiratzeko instalatu beharreko ekipamenduak aukeratu diren. Funtsean, lehendik dauden plataformen mota desberdinak aztertu dira eta gehien bideragarria izan da eskakizunen arabera. Egituraren tamaina lortzeko, karga konbinazioa aplikatu da azken muga estatuetako bi (2) kasu aztertzeko eta zerbitzuaren (1) muga egoera bat aztertzeko. Analisiak egiteko, COMSOL Multiphysics izeneco Elemento Finituen programa bat erabili da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16472,2015-12-15,"This document shows an approach of the requirements for the micromilling of a mold. It is important to remark that this mold will be used to produce microlenses. The tool will make a matrix of cavities in a cylindrical piece and the size of those cavities will be exactly the same as the lenses. This proyect will be programmed by MATLAB software. The purpose is to calculate the trayectory of the tool, its inclination, speed, aceleration and jerk. Furthermore, this program will calculate the cut strength in every instant. In conclusion, the results of the proyect will be useful to know the kinematics conditions of the tool.","Dokumentu honetan molde bat agiteko behar diren adierazpen zinematikoak aztertzen dira. Molde honek, fresaketaren bidez fabrikatuko da eta leiarrak egiteko erabiliko da. Molde honetan, erramintak barrunbe esferikoak egingo ditu. Hutsune honen neurriak, leiarren neurri berberak izango dituzte. Proiektu honek, MATLAB softwaren bidez programatuko da. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia erramintaren ibilbidea, bere inklinazioa, abiadura, azelerazioa eta gainazelerazioa kalkulatzea da. Gainera, tresnan agertzen diren indarrak kalkulatu ahal izago ditu. Azkenik, aipatzekoa da, proiektu honen erantzunak beste proiektuetarako erabil ahal izango dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50830,2021-03-30,"This document aims to propose a tecnical study in which the diferente studies and test carried out with Wireless systems are analyzed and compared to locate and detect the activity of people in different scenarios and use cases Today,wireless networks,such as Wi-Fi, are almost ubiquitous in all populated places and in the vast majority, they are used for internet access. We should note that in recent years there have been several research studies and practical demonstration in which wireless tecnologies have been used to locate and detect the activity of people in certain scenarios. The techniques that we are going to study employ the characteristics of propagation of radio signals within a wireless communications network to geolocate people, or exploit the variations suffered by the wireless signals received due to the presence of human activity in the vicinity of the receiver. These techniques actively or passively detect the presence and activity of people. In recent years, technological progress has led to an improvement in the reliability of these techniques of locating and detecting of human activity and that could be suitable for other specific applications and uses cases different from those in whi they have been tested. This work is presented as a compilation of the different technologies and projects in the field of locating and detecting the activity of people with wireless signals. Key words: Wireless technology, Wi-Fi, activity detection, wireless location.","Documentu honek azterketa tekniko bat proposatzea du helburu hari gabeko sistemak jendearen jarduera kokatzeko eta detektatzeko agertoki eta erabilera kasu desberdinak. Gaur egun, hari gabeko sareak, hala nola Wi-Fi, ia nonahikoak dira populatutako leku guztiak eta gehiengo handian sartzeko erabiltzen dira internetera. Kontuan izan behar dugu azken urteetan hainbat ikerketa egin direla ikerketa eta erakustaldi praktikoak hari gabeko teknologiak jendearen jarduera kokatzeko eta detektatzeko zenbait agertoki. Aztertuko ditugun teknikek ezaugarriak erabiltzen dituzte komunikazio baten barruan irrati seinaleen hedapena haririk gabeko gailuak pertsonak geolokalizatzeko edo jasaten dituzten aldakuntzak ustiatzeko haririk gabeko seinaleak, gizakiaren jarduera egoteagatik jasotakoak hartzailearen inguruan. Teknika hauek aktiboki antzematen dute edo pertsonen presentzia eta jarduera pasiboa. Azken urteetan aurrerapena teknologiak esan nahi du hobekuntza dagoela teknika horien fidagarritasuna giza jarduera kokatu eta hautemateko eta horretarako egokia izan zitekeen aplikazio zehatzak eta erabilera kasu desberdinak probatu dira. Lan hau teknologia desberdinen bilduma gisa aurkezten da eta giza jarduera kokatzeko eta detektatzeko eremuko proiektuak haririk gabeko seinaleekin. Gakodun-Hitzak: Haririk gabeko teknologiak, Wi-Fi, jarduera hautematea, haririk gabeko kokapena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32251,2019-03-29,"Abstract During this project,some functionalities have been developedand improvedin an existing system where educational competitions are held. In these competitions, students must answer chosen questions in a given time.In this website, registered teachers can create any type of questioning competition and they can add students from their schools.Moreover, once those students have answered questions,statistics are provided so that both teachers and students can see the results.The aforementioned funtionalities have been developed mostly in PHP, although some JavaScript and HTML files have also been used. The whole website is supported by a MySQL database where all the required information is stored for good performance. It is important to highlight thatthis website is operative, so users can notice any changed made throughout the project.Some of the improved and developed funcionalities are:-Registration.-Statistics.-Captcha.","Laburpena Proiektu honetan dagoeneko existitzen den sistema batekofuntzionalitatebatzuk garatu eta hobetuegindira. Sistema horretan hezkuntza lehiaketak antola daitezke. Lehiaketetan parte hartzenduten ikasleek lehiaketa horietan egiten diren galderak erantzun behar dituzte,emandakodenboran.Webgune honetan izena ematendutenirakasleek lehiaketak antola ditzakete eta parte hartuko duten ikasleak gehitu ditzakete. Gainera, ikasleek erantzun dituzten galderetako erantzunak estatistiken bitartez aztertuahal dituzte.Ikasleek, berriz, egin dituzten lehiaketen emaitzak ikusi ahal dituzte.Webgunearen funtzionalitateak gehienez PHPn garatu dira, baina JavaScript eta HTML fitxategiak ere erabili dira. Webguneak erabiltzen duen informazioa MySQL datu-base bakar batean gordetzen da. Datu-base honi esker, funtzionalitate guztiak modu egokienean ibiltzen dira.Webgune hau jadanik martxan dagoela esanguratsua da. Hortaz, erabiltzaileek egindiren aldaketak nabaritukodituzte.Garatu eta hobetu egin direnfuntzionalitateen artekobatzuk honako hauek dira:-Izena ematea.-Estatistikak.-Captcha" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36501,2019-11-27,"Abstract: Climate change is a fact that the society has to face, this intervention proposal will give adaptation measures for the areas of economic activity in order to deal with heat waves and torrential rains consequence of the climate change in the region of the Duranguesado. The aim is to provide more resilient areas and buildings using as a tool the Envimet software.",Laburpena: Aurre egin behar zaion errealitatea da klima-aldaketa. Hau lortzeko durangaldean kokaturiko ekintza ekonomikokoeremuak moldatzeko neurrien interbentzio proposamena sortu da klima aldaketaren ondorio diren bero boladei eta uholde-euriteei aurre egin ahal izateko. Erresilientzia handiagoko eremu eta eraikinak sortzen saiatuko da Envimet software-aren laguntzaren bitartez https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68842,2024-07-09,"Dairy factorys must carry out a safety and quality control of the cow's milk produced to ensure that their product is fit for consumption and of optimum quality. Traditionally, this control has been done by chemical analysis, testing cow's milk samples in a laboratory. However, dairy factorys want to save time and expense in taking them to the laboratory. The objective of this project, using multivariate data analysis and NIR (Near-Infrared) spectroscopy, is to model and predict certain physicochemical parameters of cow's milk, which are of great importance in the quality and safety of the product. These physicochemical parameters are lactose, fat, protein, somatic cells and dry weight extract. To achieve this objective, a multivariate data analysis will be performed using Simca software from the spectrum of cow's milk samples obtained by NIR spectroscopy and the chemical analysis of samples obtained from the laboratory. Different models for each parameter will be tested and investigated, analysing better which one models and predicts the parameter. Therefore, the most suitable model for each parameter will be searched for and an in-depth analysis of it will be approached describing its characteristics.","Esne-lantegiek, produzitutako behi-esnearen segurtasun eta kalitate-kontrola egin behar dute bere produktua kontsumorako egokia dela eta kalitate optimoa duela ziurtatzeko. Tradizionalki, kontrol hau analisi kimikoen bidez egin da, behi-esnearen laginak laborategian aztertuz. Esne-lantegiek baina, laborategira eraman beharraren gastuak eta denbora aurreztu nahi dituzte. Proiektu honen helburua, NIR (Near-Infrared) espektroskopiaren eta datuen aldagai anitzeko analisiaren bidez, behi esnearen zenbait parametro fisiko-kimiko modelatzea eta aurreikustea da, produktuaren kalitate eta segurtasunean esanahi handia dutenak. Parametro fisiko-kimiko horiek, zehazki, honako hauek dira: Laktosa, grasa, proteina, zelula somatikoak eta gihar estraktu lehorra. Helburu hau lortzeko, NIR espektroskopiaren bidez lortutako behi-esne laginen espektroarekin eta laborategitik lortutako laginen analisi kimikoarekin, Simca software-aren bitartez datuen aldagai anitzeko analisia egingo da. Parametro bakoitzerako modelo desberdinak probatu eta ikertuko dira, guztietatik parametroa zeinek modelatzen eta aurreikusten duen hobeto aztertuz. Beraz, parametro bakoitzerako modelo egokiena bilatuko da eta honen analisi sakon bat jorratuko da bere ezaugarriak deskribatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60000,2023-02-20,"Integral health consists of a well-being state not only at a physical level but also at a psychological and social level. This implies the maintenance of healthy habits among others. This consists of performing different body movements, which in addition to helping us expending energy and preventing diseases, also help us to relate to others and promoting social interactions. The aim of this work was to observe and analyze the change of emotions that occurred after the practice of different activities. For this purpose, a qualitative research was carried out using questionnaires and observations of several Physical Education sessions. The results regarding the change of emotions showed that physical activity influences emotions and, therefore, people's attitudes. Finally, some general conclusions were extracted out in order todevelop a proposal.","Osasun integrala ongizate-egoera bat da, maila fisikoan ez ezik, maila psikologikoan eta sozialean ere. Horretarako, ohitura osasungarriak hartu behar dira, besteak beste, jarduera fisikoa. Gorputz mugimendu desberdinak egiten dira, energia gastatzen eta gaixotasunak saihesten laguntzeaz gain, besteekin harremanak izaten eta emozio desberdinak adierazten laguntzen digutenak. Hainbat jarduera egin ondoren, gertatzen ziren emozio-aldaketak behatu eta aztertzea izan da lan honen helburua. Horretarako, ikerketa kualitatibo bat egin zen, Gorputz Hezkuntzako zenbait saiotan galdetegiak eta oharrak eginez. Emozio-aldaketari buruzko emaitzek erakutsi zuten jarduera fisikoak eragina duela emozioetan eta, beraz, pertsonen jarreretan. Azkenik, ondorio orokor batzuk atera ziren, eta oso modu erabilgarrian agertzen da proposamen bat etorkizunari begira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23093,2017-09,"The present document details the design and development of a stable flight control software for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), or a drone, as it is commonly called. To accomplish this, an early investigation of the components necessary for the drone development process was made. An early prototype was built using hardware that is easily accessible to the public. All functional drone blocks were previously tested and validated before being integrated into the system. A control software was designed and developed, this software is able to provide the drone with a stable flight through Radio Control (RC) communication with the base station.","Dokumentu hau diseinatzeko eta garatzeko software egonkorra hegaldi gidatu gabeko aireko ibilgailu baten kontrol baten xehetasunak (UAV, bere siglak ingelesez, gidatu gabeko Aerial Vehicle), edo drone, normalean izeneko gisa. Horretarako, aurretiazko garapen prozesuan behar diren osagaien ikerketa bat egin zen drone. prototipoa A hardware erraz publikoaren eskura erabiliz eraiki zen. drone bloke funtzional guztiak aldez aurretik probatu ziren eta ari sisteman integratuta aurretik balioztatu. diseinatu zen eta kontrola software bat drone komunikazio Radio Control (RC) bidez hegaldi egonkorra Lurreko estazio batera emateko gai garatu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23068,2017-09,"Due to the peak in telecommunications usage and its rising need, new requirements have aroused on the subject of communications networks and their infrastructure. Design methods in traditional networks have turned out to be more and more ineffective, leading to the need of new network building methods, which will solve the rising limitations. Therefore, software defined networks (SDN) sit as a feasible alternative, since they add new flexibility to network architecture. In this document, we will analyse and explain the way these type of networks operate, and how they are implemented using the OpenFlow protocol, in addition to stressing on the mobility of the network devices and their answer in this new environment.","Gaur egun, telekomunikazioen erabileraren gorapena eta hauen behar hazkorrengatik, komunikazio-sareen inguruan eta hauen azpiegituraren inguruan baldintza berriak sortu dira. Sare tradizionalak diseinatzeko erak gero eta ez eraginkorragoak bilakatu dira, eta beraz, komunikazio-sareak diseinatzeko era berrien beharra sortu da, agertu berri diren premiak eta mugak konpondu beharko dituztenak. Horregatik, SDN edo software bidez definitutako sareak aukera ona dirudite, malgutasun berri handia ekartzen bai diete sareen arkitekturei. Dokumentu honetan sare hauen funtzionamendua aztertu eta azaldu egingo dugu, OpenFlow protokoloaren bidezko inplementazioan oinarrituz, gailuen mugikortasunean azpimarratze bat eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20227,2017-01-11,"The term SDN or Software Defined Networking has become more known, particularly in the last couple of years. This is due to the fact that even when traditional networking architectures develop gradually to meet the customers´ needs, this development is still not good enough. That is why SDN is shown as a viable option to solve traditional networking´s problems or limitations. Due to this, this document describes clearly and specifically the performance and development of these networks in a simulation environment that uses the OpenFlow protocol to communicate different devices. This way, it shows the advantages and benefits of using SDN.","Gaur egun, SDN edo software bidez definitutako sareak gero eta ezagunagoak dira, batez ere, azkeneko urteetan. Honen arrazoia, ohiko sareak bezeroen eskakizun guztiak asetzeko gai ez izatea da. Ondorioz, sare berri eta eboluzionatuago baten beharra aurkezten da, SDN sareen beharra hain zuzen ere. Beraz, SDN muga edo arazo guzti hauei aurre egiteko aukera bideragarri baten moduan aurkezten da. Arrazoi honengatik, dokumentu honetan simulazio ingurune batean eta OpenFlow protokoloa zenbait gailu komunikatzeko erabiltzen duen sare mota hauen funtzionamendua eta garapena modu argi eta zehatz batean aurkezten da. Horrela, SDN sareen erabilpenaren abantailak eta onurak aurkeztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67718,2024-05-07,"When talking about obtaining a significant change in education, it is inevitable to mention the need for new practices that break with the obsolete structures of traditional education, and there is where active methodologies make their great contribution. This project intends to evaluate the benefits of these practices, more specifically focusing on gamification, learning landscapes, tutoring and cooperative work. Based on these methodologies, a learning situation has been designed and part of it has been carried out in the third cycle of primary education. In this learning situation, stories have been the main basis of the work, due to their relevance in the educational field, as they are a very powerful and versatile tool to work with in the classroom. The results have been obtained by putting into practice different evaluation and self-evaluation techniques, with emphasis on the evaluation targets, giving that it is a technique that allows the results to be collected quickly and visually. Finally, the results obtained have demonstrated the suitability of these active methodologies to achieve an improvement not only in the cognitive sphere, but also in the emotional and personal spheres.","Hezkuntzak behar dituen aldaketei buruz hitz egiten denean, ezinbestekoa da hezkuntzaren egitura zaharkituak hausten dituzten praktika berrien beharraz hitz egitea, eta prozesu horretan, metodologia aktiboen garrantzia azpimarratzen da. Lan honetan praktika horien onurak baloratu nahi dira, bereziki gamifikazioan, ikaskuntza-paisaian, tutorizazioan eta ikaskuntza kooperatiboan oinarritutakoak. Metodologia horietatik abiatuta, ikas-egoera bat diseinatu da, eta horren zati bat lehen hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloan gauzatu da. Ikas-egoera horren oinarri nagusia ipuinak izan dira, hezkuntzan duten garrantziagatik eta eskaintzen duen balio askotarikoagatik. Prozesu guztiaren emaitzak lortzeko, hainbat ebaluazio- eta autoebaluazio- teknika erabili dira, besteak beste, ebaluazio dianen garrantzia azpimarratu behar da, emaitzak azkar eta modu bisualean jasotzeko teknika bikaina baita. Azkenik, lortutako emaitzek erakutsi dute metodologia aktiboak egokiak direla esparru kognitiboan, emozionalean eta pertsonalean hobekuntza lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37080,2019-12-19,"Abstract: when a patient of thoracic surgery is going to be operated on, there are two important periods to consider: the pre-operative and the post-operative ones. In general, the thoracic operations are invasive and for this reason, it is very important that before the surgery the patient has to be in good shape, also that he/she has a correct recovery after it. ETorax is a computing environment in which an application and a website work together. It provides a place to the doctors in where they can give the instructions that the patient has to follow before and after the thoracic surgery. The patient can check, at any moment, in his/her mobile phone the doctors´ recommendations. Finally, ETorax allows the doctors and the patient to verify that the objectives are achieving correctly.","Laburpena: ebakuntza torazikoetan garrantzizkoak dira bai ebakuntza aurreko prozesua baita ebakuntza ondokoa ere. Orokorrean, ebakuntza kirurgiko horiek nahiko bortitzak dira eta hori dela eta, ezinbestekoa da pazientearen ebakuntza aurreko egoera fisikoa egokia izatea eta ostean indarberritze prozesua ona izatea. ETorax, telefono mugikorrerako aplikazioa eta webgunea elkarlanean arituz, medikuei aukera ematen die gaixo bakoitzari ebakuntza aurretik eta ostean jarraitu behar dituen urratsak adierazteko. Bestalde, pazienteak bere telefono mugikorretik, nahi duen momentuan, medikuek ezarritako jarraibideak kontsultatu ditzake. Gainera, medikuei nahiz pazienteari aukera ematen die ezarritako helburuak ondo betetzen ari diren frogatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25918,2018-03-22,"In the recent years, education in values is facing a continuous debate and curriculum, pedagogic and methodological renovation process, trying to get adapted to the changes happening in the society. This paper tries to give a methodological answer to the education in values. Therefore, it analyses the postmodern society, the nowadays crysis of values and the different positions about the education in values. Choosing one of these positions, it presents a proposal, based in Learning Service and Dialogue Learning. Finally, it demonstrates the suitability of this proposal through its practical development, thus, implementing a project based on it.","Azken urteotan balore-hezkuntza debate eta berrikuntza kurrikular, pedagogiko eta metodologiko prozesuan sartuta dago, gizartean gertatzen ari diren aldaketetara egokitzen saiatuz. Lan honek balore-hezkuntzari erantzun metodologikoa ematea du helburu. Horretarako, gizarte postmodernoa, egungo balore krisia, balore hezkuntzaren garrantzia eta bere inguruko korronte ezberdinak aztertzen ditu. Korronte horietako batean kokatuz, Ikasketa Zerbitzua eta Ikasketa Dialogikoan oinarritutako metodoa proposatzen du. Azkenik, metodoaren balioa egiaztatzen du ikerketa praktiko baten bidez, hau da, metodoan bertan oinarritutako proiektu bat garatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17646,2016-03-16,"Nowadays, as teachers get into the school environment alongside the youngest children, they notice that the family directly influences their psychological and personal development. This happens due to the fact that, depending on the educational style and the involvement in their children´s education the family presents, children show different attitudes when they face life and the challenges academic education poses. This determines their academic performance. Therefore, in this essay, using a bibliographical search, the aspects that will ensure that the learning process and the personal and psychological development of students is stimulated, are researched. In this way, wanting to guide the academic performance and the psychological well-being of students through a positive way and to pave the way to answer to students, teachers and families.","Egun, adin txikikoenekin batera eskolako testuinguruan barneratzean, irakasleek familiak haurren garapen psikologikoan eta pertsonalean zuzenean eragiten duela hautematen dute. Izan ere, seme alaben hezkuntzan familiak duen hezteko estiloak eta inplikazio mailak, seme alabek bizitzak eta hezkuntza akademikoak planteatzen dizkieten erronkei aurre egiteko dituzten jarreretan eragingo du, euren errendimendu akademikoa baldintzatuz. Horren ondorioz, lan honetan, bilaketa bibliografiko baten bidez, ikasleen ikaskuntza prozesua, garapen pertsonala eta psikologikoa ahalik eta modu hoberenean estimulatzea ziurtatuko dituzten aspektuak ikertzen dira. Horrela, hauen errendimendu akademikoa eta ongizate psikologikoa bide positibo batetik bideratu eta ikasleei, irakasleei eta familiei erantzuteko bideak ireki nahi direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67615,2024-05-07,"This thesis focuses on analysing the interaction between trade networks and wars, specifically in the context of the Russia-Ukraine war, and its impact on the European gas market network. A detailed analysis of the European gas market network has been carried out, identifying the main actors and the key connections between the different countries. Applying social and economic network analysis, the strategic decision-making of gas-trade network actors in response to the events of the war has been analysed. Possible scenarios of cooperation and conflict between Russia, Ukraine and European countries have been analysed, considering factors such as economic power, political alliances and the individual interests of each actor. As we will see in the results, the war between Russia and Ukraine has caused important changes in the European gas market network.","Gradu-amaierako lan honek merkataritza-sareen eta gerren arteko elkarreragina aztertzen du, bereziki Errusiaren eta Ukrainaren arteko gerraren testuinguruan, eta horrek Europako gas-merkatuaren sarean duen eragina. Europako gas-merkatu sarearen azterketa zehatza egin da, eragile nagusiak eta herrialdeen arteko lotura nagusiak identifikatuz. Sare sozial eta ekonomikoen analisia aplikatuz, gas-merkataritza sare horretako eragileek gerraren gertaerei erantzuteko erabaki estrategikoak nola hartu dituzten aztertu da. Errusiaren, Ukrainaren eta Europako herrialdeen arteko lankidetza- eta gatazka-egoera posibleak aztertu dira, hainbat faktore kontuan hartuta, hala nola botere ekonomikoa, aliantza politikoak eta herrialde bakoitzaren interesak. Izan ere emaitzetan ikusi ahalko dugun moduan, Errusiaren eta Ukrainaren arteko gerrak aldaketa nabarmenak eragin ditu Europako gas-merkatuaren sarean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53965,2021-11-22,"The objective of this work has been to analyze the projects and studies of new forms of wind propulsion. In this way, the different forms of wind propulsion are first analyzed and, finally, the existing projects implemented, that is to say, the real projects, are studied. To carry out this study, a comparison of a total of four types of wind propulsion has been used. In most cases, the type of wind power will depend on the type of ship or the type of merchandise to be transported. The most important factor is fuel since it occupies 80% of the total cost of transport. By installing wind propulsion, fuel use is reduced and can save up to 40%, this being one of the main results of the study. With the results obtained, it is concluded that a small capital investment to implement wind power has the reward of a reduction in fuel and, therefore, a reduction in the cost of transport. Therefore, we will be a competitive shipping company carrying out a green transport with the environment.","Lan honen helburua haize bidezko propultsio modu berrien proiektuak eta azterketak aztertzea izan da. Modu honetan, haize bidezko propultsio modu desberdinak aztertzen dira lehenik eta, azkenik, burututako proiektuak, hau da, benetako proiektuak, aztertzen dira. Azterketa hau egiteko, haize propultsioko lau motaren konparazioa erabili da guztira. Kasu gehienetan, haize propultsio mota itsasontzi motaren edo garraiatu beharreko salgaien motaren araberakoa izango da. Faktore garrantzitsuena erregaia da, garraioaren kostu osoaren% 80 hartzen baitu. Haizearen propultsioa instalatuz erregaiaren erabilera murriztu egiten da eta% 40ra arte aurreztu daiteke, hori izan da ikerketaren emaitza nagusietako bat. Lortutako emaitzekin ondorioztatu da haize propultsio bat ezartzeko kapital inbertsio txikiak erregaiaren murrizketa eta, beraz, garraioaren kostua murriztearen saria duela. Horregatik, garraio berdea ingurumenarekin garraiatzeko konpainia lehiakorra izango gara." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24454,2017-09,"The Power Electrical System is not free of faults. There are many types and the system operator must know how to deal with all of them to ensure a correct electric supply. The problem shown is related to distribution networks with isolated neutral, in particular with the so-called ""inverse fault"". The objective is to protect the system from the low voltage side against this type of fault. To do so computer simulations will be carried out and the results will be analyzed in order to provide a solution to the problem.","Potentzia Sistema Elektrikoetan ematen diren faltak anitzak dira. Mota askotakoak eta ondorio desberdinak eragiten dituztenak egon litezke, sistema operatzailearen esku egonik haien konponbidea bilatzea eta hornikuntza egokia ziurtatzea. Memoria honetan aurkezturiko problematika, neutro isolatuko banaketa sareen ingurukoa da, “alderantzizko falta” deritzenen ingurukoa, hain zuzen ere. Helburua, falta honen aurrean sistema tentsio baxuko aldetik babestea da, horretarako simulazioak erabilirik. Arazoari soluzio bat eman ahal izateko simulaziotik lorturiko emaitzak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25011,2007,"After explaining the history of domestic violence in the United States, the legal treatment of these crimes victims is analyzed. In this way, the victims’ protection measures are examined, with a special reference to the judicial mediation and the protective orders, as well as the procedural aspects of the provisional remedies. Also, a reflection on the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is made, focusing on the immigrant women’s situation, and pointing out the obstacles they face.","Estatu Batuetako etxeko indarkeriaren aurrekari historikoak azaldu eta gero, delitu mota honetako kaltedunen trataera juridikoa aztertzen da. Horrela, kaltedunen babes neurrien azterketa egiten da, bitartekaritza judiziala eta aldentze aginduei erreparatuz, baita kautelazko neurrien alderdi prozesalari ere. Era berean, Emakumearen Aurkako Indarkeria Legeari (Violence Against Women Act- VAWA) buruzko hausnarketa burutzen da, emakume etorkinen egoerari erreparatuz eta aurrez-aurre topatzen dituzten oztopoak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19837,2016-12-12,"In this End of Grade work, the preload of a cylindrical connection dental implant`s screw will be indirectly calculated. The stability of an implant is defined by the preload of the screw. So, the preload is essential to prevent implant’s movement or break which define the oral health and comfort. Therefore, a method will be studied in which the bolt preload and the natural frequencies of the system will be related. At the moment, a comfortable preload calculating method is not known. For this reason, the method mentioned above will be studied in which by a harmonic excitations or microimpacts the system natural frequencies will be obtained and, using the relationship between preload and natural frequencies, bolt preload will be calculated. To carry out the work, dental implant will be analyzed in the testing bench using the Finite Element Method and to conclude with the approval or disapproval of the method under study.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan konexio zilindrikodun hortzetako inplanteetako torlojuen aurreteinkaketaren zeharkako kalkulua burutu nahi da. Hortzetako inplanteen egonkortasuna torlojuaren aurre-kargak definitzen du eta aldi berean, inplante hori aurreteinkatuta egon behar da, apurketarik edota lekualdaketarik jasan ez dezan eta ondorioz erosotasun eta aho osasun egokia ahalbidetzeko. Horretarako torlojuaren aurreteinkaketaren eta maiztasun naturalen arteko erlazioa ikertuko da. Egun, ahoaren neurria kontuan izanik, ez da metodo erosorik ezagutzen aurre-teinkaketaren kalkulua burutzeko. Hori dela eta, ikerketa gai izango da aurrerago aipatutako metodoa zeinetan kitzikadura harmoniko edo mikroimpaktoen bidez, sistemaren erresonantzia maiztasunak neurtuz eta aurreteinkaketarekin duen erlazioa erabiliz, torlojuaren aurreteinkaketa balioa lortuko da. Azaldutako lana aurrera eramateko, entsegu bankuan dagoen inplante baten analisia Elementu Finituen metodoa erabiliz gauzatuko da; metodoa baliogarria den ala ez ondorioztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22268,2012,"Victimal justice focuses objectively on justice that is owed to victims. That implies that justice cannot be carried out without them, without taking into account the damage and injustices inflicted upon them; damage which, in the case of terrorism, is multiple, since it is violence that carried out with political intent and therefore transcends to people. Victimal justice therefore overhauls the traditional devaluation of the testimony of the victim, the account of damage caused to him, and looks upon them as the simple demands of justice, which has only been considered from the point of view of the crime, understood here as an attack against authority or the rule of law. More importance was given to infringement of the law than to the victims.","Biktimekiko justiziak, zentzu objektiboan, biktimei zor zaien justizia du ardatz. Hortaz, ezin da justiziarik egin haiek gabe eta haiei egindako kalteak edo bidegabekeriak kontuan hartu gabe. Terrorismoaren kasuan, kalte horiek askotarikoak dira, intentzio politikoko indarkeria bat denez, kalteak pertsonetara zabaltzen baitira. Hori dela-eta, biktimekiko justiziak aurre egiten dio biktimaren testigantzak eta jasandako kalteen kontaketak duen balioaren ohiko debaluazioari, hala nola justizia eskaerei. Izan ere, horiek delituaren ikuspuntutik soilik hartu dira kontuan, agintaritzaren edo legearen inperioaren aurkakotzat ulertuta. Lege-hausteari garrantzi gehiago ematen zitzaion biktimei baino." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20967,2017-03-17,"For the last years, the market of sexual toys has been normalising and adquiring great importance, not only from the social point of view but also from the technical one. Such is the money this industry is moving that the chance to make a good business is evident. The aim of this project is to create a prototype of a unseen sexual toy which combines a lubricating system and a butt plug in order to burst into the sexual toys’ market. So as to produce the prototype, a 3D printer and eco-friendly materials will be used, such as polilactide (PLA), which is a biodegradable polymer coming from natural resources.","Azken urteotan, jostailu sexualen merkatua normalizatzen ari da bai eremu sozial, bai teknikoan garrantzia handia hartuz. Bertan mugitzen den diru kantitate handiak ezagutzera eman du industria, negozioak egitea ahalbidetuz. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia orain arte ikusi gabeko jostailu sexual jakin baten prototipoa egitean datza. Honek lubrikazio sistema eta butt plug-a uztartzen ditu, merkatuan indarrez sartuz. Objektua 3D inprimagailu baten laguntzaz egingo da, ingurumenarekiko kaltegarriak ez diren materialak erabiliz. Besteak beste, poliaktida (PLA), errekurtso naturalengandik lortutako polimero biodegradagarria." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59706,2023-02-07,"The project that will be explained now belongs to the grinding field and its main objective is the development of a test methodology, which allows to obtain, in a simple and precise way, the elasticity modulus “E” of abrasive wheels that use rubber as bonding.","Orain aurkeztuko den proiektua artezketaren arlokoa da, eta saiakuntza-metodologia bat garatzea dauka helburu nagusitzat, aglomeratzaile gisa kautxua erabiltzen duten gurpil urratzaileen ""E"" modulu elastikoa lortzea ahalbidetzen duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24348,2015,"Since 2010 around 1600 victims of child abuse in the Catholic Church of the Netherlands have filed lawsuits. The majority of such lawsuits have been dealt with through a semi-legal procedure, created specially by the church to give an answer to this situation. At the same time, Ireland developed a semi-legal procedure with the aim of rendering justice to victims. None of the aforementioned procedures sought punishment, but instead, due to their informal nature, they focused on enabling a sensitivity attitude towards victims’ feelings and needs. in the Netherlands, around 270 victims found other ways to obtain justice. Thus, such victims were involved in two different mediation procedures, although they both shared characteristics of restorative justice. The present article compares not only the two official semi-legal procedures in Ireland and the Netherlands, but also the two mediation procedures in the Netherlands. The article suggests the reasons why victims were more satisfied with mediation, as well as recommendations for other states which still have to face the same problem.","Herbehereetako Eliza Katolikoan haurren aurka gertatutako sexu-abusuen 1600 biktima inguruk demandak tarteratu dituzte 2010etik. Demanda horietako gehienak erdi-legezkoa den prozedura baten bidez izapidetu dituzte, zeina Elizak berariaz sortu baitu egoera jakin horri erantzuna emateko. Aldi berean, biktimei justizia egiteko helburuarekin erdi-legezkoa den prozedura garatu zuen Irlandak. Prozedura horietako batek berak ere ez zuen zigorra helburu; izan ere, beren izaera informalarengatik, arreta biktimen sentimenduen eta beharren aurrean sentiberatasun-jarrera ahalbidetzean jarri zuten. Herbehereetan, justizia eskuratzeko bestelako bideak aurkitu zituzten 270 biktima inguruk. Horiek horrela, biktima horiek bi bitartekaritza-prozedura ezberdinetan parte hartu zuten; ezberdintasunak ezberdintasun, biek justizia berrezartzailearen ezaugarriak zituzten. Artikuluak honako hauek alderatzen ditu: Irlandan eta Herbehereetan erdi-legezkoak diren bi prozedurak, eta Herbehereetako bi bitartekaritza-prozedurak. Biktimak bitartekaritzarekin asebeteago sentitzeko zituzten arrazoiak aztertzen ditu artikuluak, baita arazo berberari aurre egin behar dioten bestelako herrialdeentzako gomendioak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67743,2024-05-08,"The aim of this Final Degree Project is to investigate the importance given to quality early education in Early Childhood Education classrooms. To this end, after carrying out a bibliographical study of experienced authors, an ad hoc questionnaire was created in which different responses were compiled anonymously from Early Childhood Education professionals. The results obtained affirm that teachers show interest in quality early childhood education; however, they also reflect the existence of a contrast between their theoretical knowledge and the implementation of this knowledge. The main conclusion from these results is the need to continue to provide quality teacher training, given its proven benefits for the development of children in Early Childhood Education classrooms.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako geletan kalitatezko hezkuntza goiztiarrari ematen zaion garrantzia ikertzea da. Horretarako, esperientzia duten egileen azterketa bibliografiko bat egin ondoren, ad hoc galdetegi bat sortu da, Haur Hezkuntzako profesionalek modu anonimoan emandako erantzunak biltzeko. Lortutako emaitzek adierazten dute irakasleek interesa dutela kalitatezko Haur Hezkuntzarekiko; hala ere, beren ezagutza teorikoen eta ezagutza horiek praktikan jartzearen arteko kontrastea ere islatzen dute. Emaitza horien ondorio nagusia irakasleei kalitatezko prestakuntza eskaintzen jarraitzeko beharra da, horrek Haur Hezkuntzako geletako haurren garapenerako dituen onurak frogatuta baitaude." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27207,1997,"This article endeavours to analyze the limits imposed upon the Judicial Police Force in the field of investigation, specifically in the manner in whick it must be respectful, when it impinges upon a specific fundamental right, such as privacy. Currently, privacy can be impaired by the possibilities offered by modern techniques which are capable of controlling the revelant information of a person. Hence, this article refers to regulations on the protecion of personal data, plus the specific principles created by the Force and Security Corps for files, special legisaltion for th Basque Autonomic Police Force, international transfer of data, the secret of communications, inviolability of the home, irregularities in the obtention of sources of proof, etc. All this based upon the fact that within a State Ruled by Law, public power is subject, as regards its actions, to the Constitution and to the remaining legislative measures.","Artikulu honen xede da Polizia Judizialak ikerlanaren arloan dituen mugak aztertzea. batez ere, intimitaterako eskubidea oinarrizko dela kontuan izanik, eskubide hori nola errrespetatu beharko lukeen da hemen aztertu nahi dena. Gaur egun intimitatea erabat urrituta gera liteke teknika modernoek eskaintzen dituzten aukeren bidez, edozein pertsonari buruzko informazio garrantzitsua jakitea ez baita hain zaila. Artikulu honetan, bada datu pertsonalen babeserako araudia, segurtasun indar eta gorputzen sortutako fitzategietarako oinarrizko printzipioak, Euskal herriko Poliziarentzako legeria berezia, datuak nazioen artean transferitzea, komunikazioetako sekretua, bizilekuaren bortxaezintasuna, frogetarako iturriak lortzen izan ohi diren irregulartasunak eta abar izando dira aipagai. Hori guztia, zuzenbidezko estatu batean botere publikoen jardunbidea Konstituzioaren eta gainerako antolamendu juridikoaren agindupean daudelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50993,2021-04-15,"Given the lack of emotional education in classrooms, the main objective of this work is to make a proposal for a didactic unit to train students without neglecting the emotional sphere. For this, Physical Education sessions were used with students aged 9-10, in which using body expression as a means, emotional competence was developed. The proposal is made up of a six-session didactic sequence, which has been able to be carried out, obtaining results and consequences such as the scarcity with which the emotional field has been worked in the classroom throughout its academic process. For this reason, emotional education deserves to have its place in the school curriculum, in order to achieve a quality education and the integral development of students.","Orain arteko hezkuntzan egondako lanketa emozionalaren hutsunearen ondorioz, lan honen bitartez, hezkuntza emozionala sustatzen duen proposamen bat egitea izan da helburua. Horretarako, Gorputz Hezkuntzako saioak erabili dira 9-10 urteko ikasleekin, non, Gorputz adierazpena bitartekari gisa erabilita, konpetentzia emozionala landu den. Egindako proposamena sei saioz osatutako sekuentzia didaktiko batek osatzen du, martxan jartzeko aukera izanik. Unitate didaktikoa sortzeaz gain, martxan jarri eta bertatik emaitza zein ondorio anitzak eskuratu ahal izan dira, hala nola, ikasleek beraien ikaskuntza prozesuan zehar hezkuntza emozionala eta konpetentzia emozionalaren gaineko lanketa urria. Hezkuntzak jarraitu beharreko curriculumean, emozioak bere tokia izatearen garrantzia goraipatzen da, heziketa, lanketa emozionala eta garapen integrala lortzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29291,2018-10-23,"As a consequence of the development of innovative technologies and the new demands of society, different methods of production have appeared. Therefore, it can be said that the fourth industrial revolution has begun, also known as Industry 4.0. This industry has brought, among many other innovations, the incorporation of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality to companies. As it can be deduced from their names, while the Virtual Reality is a fictional environment created informatically, the Augmented Reality tries to superimpose digital information on our world. Indeed, although it looks like science fiction, both of them have already been employed in education, health and many other fields, in addition to the aforementioned industry. Moreover, as it has been observed in the present project, these technologies offer numerous benefits in the industrial sector. Certainly, a wide variety of devices have been created in order to use these technologies effectively. As a consequence, the market study that is made at work found out that several companies that are dedicated to this area have been detected within the BAC. In addition, the companies that were found in the market study were surveyed on the subject and conclusions could be drawn about the characteristics of the VR / AR companies, the most used devices and the prices of the systems. Finally, thanks to this project, in addition to a deep understanding of the current situation of these technologies, a future forecast and two case studies have been developed, with the objective of achieving a more effective implementation of these technologies.","Teknologia berritzaileen garapenaren eta gizartearen eskakizun berrien baturaren ondorioz, ondasunak ekoizteko modu desberdinak agertu dira. Horrela, Industria 4.0 deituriko iraultza industriala hasi da eta horrek errealitate birtuala eta errealitate areagotua industrian sartzea ekarri du, besteak beste. Izenei erreparatuz deduzitu daitekeen bezala, errealitate birtuala informatikoki sortutako alegiazko ingurunea da; errealitate areagotua, ordea, gure munduari informazio digitala gainjartzean datza; eta hasiera batean zientzia fikzioa ematen duten arren, gaur egun hezkuntzan, osasungintzan eta beste hainbat alorretan erabiliak direla egia bat da, dagoeneko aipatutako industriaz gain. Orobat, teknologia horiek sektore industrialean eskaintzen dituzten onurak ugariak direla behatu da proiektu honetan, baita erabili ahal izateko gailuen aukera zabala dela ere. Horrek azaltzen du EAEan arlo honetan jarduten duten hainbat enpresa aurkitu izana lanean egindako merkatu azterketan. Gainera, merkatu azterketan aurkitutako enpresei gaiaren inguruko inkesta bat egin zaie eta bertatik VR/AR enpresen ezaugarrien, gailu erabilienen eta sistemen prezioen inguruko ondorio batzuk atera ahal izan dira. Bestalde, proiektu honi esker, teknologia horien inguruko gaur egungo egoera ezagutzeaz gain, etorkizunerako dauden aurreikuspenak jakin eta bi aplikazio zehatzen kasu praktiko aurkezten dira, teknologiak ezartzerako orduan lagungarria izan daitezen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20065,2017-01-03,"The continuous increasing of energy consumption in the current society has led to the developement of new ways of energy production. Among the field of renewable energies, wave energy appears as one with the greatest potentials. However, its inherent variability comes with a problem in grid connection due to the oscillation of the voltage wave known as flicker. The present study pretends to estimate the phenomenon by means of the creation of a prototype in a software, in order to analyze the influence of grid parameters at the common coupling point. The main aim of the study then is to obtain a valid method, reaching to encourage the development of wave energy parks.","Gaur egungo gizartearen energi kontsumoaren etengabeko areagotzeak, energi produkzio modu berrien garapenak sustatu ditu. Energi-iturri berriztagarrien artean, itsas uhinen energia etorkizunean garrantzitsuenetarikoa izan liteke. Edonola, berezko aldakortasunak ezarrera arazo bat dakar sare elektrikoan: tentsio uhinetan ematen den oszilazioa eta flicker izenarekin ezagutzen dena. Lan honen bidez lortu nahi da fenomeno hau balioztatzea, horretarako software eredu bat garatuz. Eredu horretan sare elektrikoaren parametroen eragina konekzio puntuan ikertuko da. Beraz, lan honen helburu nagusia baliozko metodologia bat lortze da, hau dela eta uhin energia parkeen garapena sustatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54099,2021-11-25,"Through this Final Degree Project, we want to get closer to the reality experienced by students in the transition from Infant to Primary Education, and to know the educational reality that corresponds to this transition. To do this, we have carried out a research project in which we have analysed the coordination between teachers and families in both stages, the training that is carried out with them from the last year of Infant Education to deal with this transition, the relationship between families and the centre and the behaviours and difficulties that children who experience the change in the first year of Primary Education may have. Here we will see the importance of regulating this process in schools and promoting collaboration between teachers and parents in order to facilitate the transition for students.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bidez, haurrek Haur Hezkuntzatik Lehen Hezkuntzara igarotzean bizi duten errealitatera hurbildu nahi dugu, eta trantsizio honi dagokion hezkuntza errealitatea ezagutu. Horretarako, ikerketa lan bat eraman dugu aurrera, non, bi etapetako 55 irakasleren eta 153 familiaren artean dagoen koordinazioa, trantsizio horri aurre egiteko Haur Hezkuntzako azken ikasturtetik haiekin egiten den prestakuntza, familiek ikastetxearekin duten harremana eta aldaketa bizi duten haurrek Lehen Hezkuntzako lehen mailan izan ditzaketen jokabide eta zailtasunak aztertu ditugun. Bertan ikusiko dugu zein garrantzitsua den prozesu hau eskoletan erregulatzea, eta irakasle eta gurasoen arteko elkarlana bultzatzea, trantsizio honetan ikasleei bidea errazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58019,2022-10-14,"Coronavirus pandemic is creating many negative effects around the world. In the case of Spain the effects of the pandemic have been more deep because they have joined those from the 2008 recession. Therefore, this has meant, among other things, that the poverty rate has reached unreachable maximums and the gap between people has increased. The Spanish government to minimise the effects of the pandemic has put in motion the minimum living income approved on may´ s 29th by 20/2020 royal decree law, which is only aimed at people who are in social exclusion. This income has been widely criticized because it is very difficult for applicants to apply for it, because it is only aimed at a group of people and because many applications have been rejected. The fact that the income implemented by the government has worked so poorly and the situation is so critical has led to the idea of implementing a Basic Income.","Bizitzen ari garen koronabirusaren pandemia gaitz asko sortu ditu eta eragiten dago mundu osoan zehar. Espainiar estatuaren kasuan, pandemiak eragin dituen efektu negatiboak, sakonagoak izan dira dagoeneko 2008. urteko krisialdi ekonomikoaren efektuei gehitu direlako. Beraz, pobrezia tasak maila ikaragarri batera ailegatu dira, herritarren arteko desberdintasunak ere areagotu dira, sozialak, kulturalak ekonomikoak besteak beste. Horregatik Estatuko gobernua koronabirusaren efektuak leuntzeko Bizitza Gutxienezko Errenta ezarri du maiatzak 29ko 20/2020 lege-dekretuaren bitartez, errenta hau gizarte bazterkerian daudenei zuzendutakoa da soilik. Errenta hau oso kritikatua izan da, praktikan oso zaila delako eskatzaileentzat hura eskatzea, soilik multzo bati zuzenduta dagoelako eta eskaera askori uko egin zaielako jende askok zailtasun asko izan dituelako eskaera egiterakoan. Gobernuak ezarritako errenta hain txarto funtzionatzeak eta egoera hain latza izateak eragin du oinarrizko errenta bat ezartzeko nahia areagotzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23139,2017-07,"Additive manufacturing is gaining a growing importance in the world of engineering thanks to its interest on his flexibility, material and cost savings and its speed when cladding. It allows the union of a large diversity of materials, what makes it interesting in a wide range of applications (computer components, prosthesis…). A major difficulty lays on the possibility of unifying steel and aluminum, metals which can share interesting properties such as the low weight of the aluminum and the resistance of the steel. It is due to this fact that in this Project is searched the possibility of unifying two dissimilar materials such as are these two.","Laserrekin egindako soldadura teknologia aldi bakoitzean garrantzi gehiago lortzen ari da ingeniaritzako munduan, bere malgutasunagatik eta ekarpenak egiteko orduan bere askartasunagatik. Bere aplikazio maila handitu du gainera (ordenagailu pieza, protesi, etab.) metal aukera handia elkartzea baimentzen duelako. Fabrikazio gehigarriko zailtasun handia altzairu bat-egitea da aluminioarekin, zeinen soldadura ikastea interesgarria da, aluminioaren arintasuna eta altzairuaren erresistentzia fusioa lor daitekeenez. Bada proiektu honetan bi metal hauen bat-egitea lortzea bilatzen dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24248,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to develop the simulation of sheet forming using the software called PamStamp. For this purpose, the main parts of the die for the stamping of an automotive component will be designed and the different results obtained by varying some input parameters, such as, coefficient of friction of the brakes, the force of the punch or the radius of curvature of the matrix, will be compared. The program will allow seeing the evolution of the tension and deformation in the piece during the process, speeding up and reducing the design of the die, since, precise results are obtained without the need for physical tests.","Proiektu honen helburua automobilgintzako pieza bat era egokian enbutitu ahal izateko trokelen diseinua egitea da, ordenagailu bidezko simulazioa erabiliz, eta metodo honek dituen abantailak azaltzea. Horretarako PamStamp softwarea erabiliko da enbutizio prozesua zehaztasun handiz simulatzeko aukera ematen duelako edozein elementu fabrikatu baino lehen kostuak eta denbora murriztuz. Programa honi esker prentsaren elementu desberdinen parametroen aldaketak; biribiltze erradioak, pisadorearen indarra, frenoen marruskadura koefiziente eta geometria; bukaerako piezan duen eragina aztertu eta spingbac-aren kalkulua egingo dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68841,2024-07-09,"A problem that appears throughout history, and which remains to this day, is the gender gap within STEAM vocations. In this Master's Thesis, apart from analysing some of the reasons why this inequality persists, an analysis of the current situation has been carried out. More specifically, an analysis of the situation at the University of the Basque Country, the Bilbao School of Engineering and in the Degree in Telecommunications Technology Engineering. To tackle this problem, it is important to work with young girls to break down prejudices and generate interest in the area of ICT. Therefore, in this project, educational work has been carried out: workshops for girls in primary or secondary education. In order to design these activities, the knowledge acquired in the Master's Degree in Telecommunications Engineering has been essential, thus creating cutting-edge workshops in technology. In summary, this project presents a gender analysis of the Degree in Telecommunication Technology Engineering, and taking into account the result of this analysis, a proposal for workshops has been developed to generate interest in this degree and similar in the following generations.","Historian zehar beti agertu den arazo bat, gaur egun dirauena, STEAM bokazioetan dagoen genero arrakala da. Master Amaierako Lan honetan, honen arrazoi batzuk aurkezteaz gain, momentuko egoeraren azterketa da. Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatean, Bilboko Ingeniaritza eskolan zein Telekomunikazio Teknologiaren Ingeniaritzako Graduan bertan dagoen egoeraren analisi da, hain zuzen ere. Arazo honi aurre egiteko, neska gazteekin egin behar da lan aurreiritziak apurtzen eta IKT-en inguruan interesa bultzatzen. Horregaitik, proiektu honetan hezkuntza-lantegien diseinua eta garapena burutu da, lehen hezkuntzako zein bigarren hezkuntzako neskekin egiteko tailerrak zehazki. Proposatutako ekintzen diseinua egiteko Telekomunikazio Ingeniaritzako Masterrean bereganaturiko ezagutzak erabili dira, puntu puntuko teknologien inguruko tailerrak izatea ahalbidetu duena. Laburbilduz, Telekomunikazio Teknologiaren Ingeniaritzako Graduaren genero-ikuspegiaren araberako azterketa bat egin da, eta azterketa honen emaitzaren harira, hurrengo belaunaldietako neska gazteak gradu honetan eta antzekoetan interesa sortzeko eta ikastetxeetan zein eskolan bertan garatu ahal izango diren tailer multzo baten proposamena da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31473,2019-02-11,"The aim is to acknowledge the educational response given to autistic children in Children Education, and to develop a proposal to improve it. Therefore, and taking into consideration the importance of the educational responses offered to them, a theoretical framework has been elaborated so as to know the benefits that the employed strategies bring to children, and the responses that should be given. Qualitative methodology has been used in order to collect data about a particular case by making observations and interviews. The results show that there is still work to be done as far as inclusion at schools is concerned, mainly in the organisation of human resources. The inclusion must be the point of view of everyone in the school, and in order to achieve that the practices given in them must be restructured.","Haur Hezkuntzan autismoa duten ikasleei ematen zaien hezkuntza erantzuna ezagutzea eta hobetzeko proposamena egitea da helburua. Beraz, ikasleei ematen zaien hezkuntza erantzuna duen garrantzia kontuan hartuta, ikastetxeetan aplikatzen diren ezohiko neurriek hauengan dituzten onurak eta eman beharreko hezkuntza erantzunaren gakoak ezagutu nahi izan dira marko teorikoaren bidez. Metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da kasu zehatz baten ikerketa egiteko beharrezkoak izan diren datuak biltzeko; horien artean, behaketa eta elkarrizketa teknikak erabili dira. Emaitzek adierazten dute oraindik ikastetxeak inklusiorako prozesuan hobekuntzak egin behar dituela, batez ere, gisa-baliabideen antolakuntzan. Inklusioa ikastetxe osoko ikuspuntua izan behar da eta horrek ikastetxearen. praktiken berregituratzea eskatzen du nolabait." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29490,2018-10-31,"This work consists in the developing of a quadcopter dron (four motors) able to perform an autonomous following of the user by GPS. To do this, a simple smartphone app will be created wich will send the user’s GPS coordinates to the dron via radio waves. Also, it will be developed the control software of the vehicle itself. To get all of this, the dron will have all the necessary to knowing its own position and, by that, to make that following.","Lan honen helburua “quadcopter” (lau motore dituen) drone baten garapena da, erabiltzailearen jarraipen autonomo bat egiteko gai izango dena geoposizionamendu globaleko GPS sistema bidez. Horretarako, smartphonerako aplikazio bakun bat garatuko da zeinak erabiltzailearen GPS koordenatuak droneari bidaliko dizkio irrati-uhinen bidez. Baita ere dronea kontrolatzeko softwarea garatuko da. Hau lortzeko, dronea bere posizioa ezagutzeko behar dituen tresnaz hornituta egongo da eta hauek oinarri izanda aipaturiko jarraipena egingo du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59974,2023-02-20,"This work aims to design an inclusive reading resource that will increase the motivation of a twelve-year-old student with dyslexia, as well as improve his self-esteem and his reading and comprehension skills. For this purpose, an individualized diagnostic test has been carried out. Thanks to the results obtained in it, a digital book was created, which was used in the intervention phase. This resource offers different options that aim to facilitate the reading of both the intervened student and the rest of the students. After carrying out the classroom intervention, the results and evaluations of the tutor, the intervened child and the rest of the students have been compiled. All of them indicate the positive result of the resource, since it managed to improve the student's comprehension, motivation and self-esteem, helped in the detection of a case of reading difficulties and facilitated reading to the rest of the students.","Lan honen helburua dislexia duen hamabi urteko ikasle baten motibazioa areagotuko duen irakurketa baliabide inklusibo bat diseinatzea da, bai eta haren autoestimua eta irakurketa eta ulermen trebetasunak hobetzea ere. Horretarako, banakako diagnostiko-proba egin zaio. Bertan lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituz, esku-hartze fasean erabili den liburu digital bat sortu da. Baliabide honek esku-hartutako ikaslearen eta gainerako ikasleen irakurketa errazteko hainbat aukera eskaintzen ditu. Ikasgelako esku-hartzea egin ondoren, tutorearen, esku-hartutako haurraren eta gainerako ikasleen emaitzak eta ebaluazioak bildu dira. Horiek guztiek baliabidearen emaitza positiboa adierazi dute; izan ere, ikaslearen ulermena, motibazioa eta autoestimua hobetzea lortu du, beste ikasle baten irakurtzeko zailtasunak hautematen lagundu du eta gainerako ikasleei irakurketa erraztu die." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25112,2004,"The violence developed around the sport events belongs to the new sources of danger typical of the present “society of risk”. This phenomenon determines an increasing attention of the legislator, who atthe same time shows a more and more clear tendency to gets into the penal Law to solve this problem. So, it is analyzed the treatment of these questions in Italy, paying special attention to the the study of the legislation in the matter. Likewise, the author takes stock of the Italian experience.","Kirol ekintzen inguruan sortutako biolentziak, gaur egungo arrisku gizartearen ezaugarri dira. Gertakari hauek legelarien atentzioa sortzen du, eta hauek horren arabera, eta arazo hauek konpontzeko Zuzenbide penalera bideratzen dira. Hau hala izanik, Italian gertakari hauei ematen zaien erantzuna azaltzen da, horri buruz dagoen legeria aztertu eta Italiar esperientziari buruzko balantzea eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29966,2018,"The analysis of identities from a historical-educational perspective has not yet received the attention it deserves, not only form a scientific point of view but also from a divulgative perspective. This type of analysis will be able to enhance the value to the tangible and intangible heritage of communities with more than one language and to understand the role of these languages in the construction of cultural, linguistic, political and ethnic identities.","Zientzia arloan zein dibulgazioari dagokionean interesik handiena piztu duten gaietako bat da nortasunen, hizkuntzaren eta historia eta hezkuntza ondarearen ezagutzari lotuta dagoena. Helburua da berezko hizkuntz bat baino gehiago duten komunitateen ondare material eta immateriala eta honek nortasunen eraikuntzarekin duen harremana (kultura, hizkuntza, politika, etnia eta antzeko arloetan) balioztatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18850,2016-09-09,"""Validation and optimization of the virtual face bow"". In dentistry and, in general, in medicine, virtual processes are gaining more strength, in order to facilitate both the specialist and the customer. In this context, in the case of prostheses and dental restorations many investigations have been conducted in order to digitize these processes as much as possible. In this process of digitalization, the advance of the CAD/CAM system has had a lot of impact since it has made it possible to replace the traditional process of prostheses and restorations. Although digital processes have many benefits, it is essential to check the reliability of these, to be able to select the most suitable methodology. This is where this project is focused. To make the virtual design of the prosthesis, it is necessary to get the virtual position of the arcades. Virtual face bow is used to get those positions but is has not been proved which is the best method. Therefore, the main objective is to establish which is the more accurate, and that will be determined by the comparison of various methodologies, both with not real models (in vitro) and with real patients (in vivo). So their accuracy can be calculated, since the trueness and precision of each will be calculated. Based on the results, it will be concluded the most appropriate methodology.","""Arku fazial birtualaren balidazioa eta optimizazioa"". Odontologian eta, oro har, medikuntzan, prozesu birtualek geroz eta indar handiagoa hartzen dabiltza, bai espezialista baita pazienteei erraztasuna emateko asmoz. Ildo horretatik jarraituz, protesien eta hortz-errestaurazioen kasuan, ikerketa sakonak burutu dira, prozesuaren ahalik eta zatirik handiena digitalizatzeko. Digitalizazio prozesu honetan CAD/CAM sistemaren aurrerapenek ere zeresan handia izan dute; izan ere, protesi eta errestaurazioen prozesu tradizionala ordezkatzea ahalbidetu du. Prozesu digitalek hainbat onura suposatu arren, zein fidagarriak diren konprobatzea ezinbestekoa da, prozesuarentzat metodologiarik egokiena aukeratu ahal izateko. Horretan zentratzen da hain zuzen proiektu hau. Protesien diseinu birtuala egin ahal izateko, beharrezkoa da horzduren kokapen birtuala lortzea, artikulagailu birtualean kokatu ahal izateko. Horretarako arku fazial birtuala erabiliko da, baina oraindik ez da metodologiarik egokiena zein den konprobatu. Beraz, proiektu honen helburua arku fazial birtual egokiena zein den zehaztea da, horretarako metodologia ezberdinak konparatuko direlarik bai modelo ez-erreala erabiliz (in vitro) baita paziente errealekin (in vivo). Horrela, prozesu ezberdinen zehaztasuna zein den konprobatu ahal izango da, bakoitzaren egiazkotasuna eta doitasuna aztertuz. Emaitzetan oinarrituz, arku fazial birtual gisa metodologiarik egokiena zein den ondorioztatu ahal izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16342,2015-12-04,"This work is based on the study about some quality control sistems which are in the market. Specifically this work is about the surface hardness analysis by a non-destructive method, which is based on the sound of Barkhausen. The goal of this work is reaching an aproximate hardness of the material surface. In this work are explained the benefit it has if this method is used. There is also explained how this method works. The objetive of this work is using this method in all companies which works with steel because setting up this method has a lot of benefits.","Gradu amaierako lan hau merkatuan dauden kalitate kontroleko azterketa mota batzuen azterketan oinarritzen da, batez ere materialaren gainazaleko gogortasunaren azterketan metodo berri baten erabilpenaz. Metodo berri hau, metodo ez suntsikorra da eta Barkhausen soinuan oinarritzen da non gogortasunaren estimazio hurbildu bat egitea lortu nahi den. Lan honetan metodo berri honen inplantazioaren onurak eta berau zertan datzan azaltzen da etorkizunean materialaren gainazaleko gogortasunaren neurketan erabili ahal izateko enpresen onurarako kanlitateko kontroleko sailean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25413,1999,"Essentialy, the penal Code of 1995 answers to the necessities of a modern society in the criminal and penal field, but, it must be signaled the necessity of reorientate the penal Law towards the victims satisfaction. In this sense, a free and responsible penal mediation can contribute to the victims reparation, to decrease the second and third victimization, and to increase the possibilities of the offenders reinsertion. In this way, penal mediation become a vehicle of the community participation in the penal justice system, as an instrument of social cohesion.","1995-eko Kode penalak, gizarte modernoan dauden beharrei erantzuten dio, baina, Zuzenbide penalak biktima medeatzea izan behar du helburutzat. Bitartekotasun penalak, askatasunez eta erantzukizunez egindakoak, hortara laguntzeaz gain, bigarren eta hirugarren biktimizazioa gutxitzen lagundu dezake eta biktimatzailearen birsozializaketa posibilitateak haunditu eta komunitateak justizia penalean parte hartzeko aukera ezin hobearen aurrean aurkitzen gara." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50723,2021-03-22,"This work has three main objectives that have been addressed after the bibliographic research for the construction of the theoretical framework: (1) to know the opinion of the students of the degree of Early Childhood Education and of the teachers of Early Childhood Education on the treatment of emotions (questionnaires have been created in which 37 [100% women; 25-52 age] teachers and 71 [94.4% women and 5.6% men; 21-27 age] students have participated; (2) a psychologist and a coordinator have participated in the interviews), conducting analysis of programs to work on emotions in Early Childhood Education (Sagrado Corazón Carmelitas school´s program has been analyzed, using observation records with 25 boys and girls in the five-year-old classroom); and (3) design and carry out the proposal to work emotions in the classroom of five years of Early Childhood Education (In the Carmelitas classroom the observation records, the diary and the workshop Emozioak dantzan have been created and analyzed). As for the results, it should be noted that all the objectives have been achieved, although in the proposal initially designed some modifications have had to be made in order to adapt it to the centre. Finally, after analysing the results, conclusions have been drawn for each of the objectives, together with personal reflection and proposals for improvement.","Lan honek hiru helburu nagusi ditu, zeinei marko teorikoa eraikitzeko ikerketa bibliografikoa burutu ondoren ekin zaien: (1) Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleen eta irakaslegaien iritzia ezagutzea emozioen lanketaren inguruan (galdetegiak sortu dira, bertan 37 [%100 emakumeak; 25-52 adin tartekoak] irakaslek eta 71 [%94.4 emakume eta %5.6 gizon; 21-27 adin tartekoak] irakaslegaik parte hartu dute; (2) Elkarrizketetan berriz, psikologo eta koordinatzaile batek hartu dute parte), Haur Hezkuntzan emozioak lantzeko programen azterketa burutzea (Sagrado Corazón Carmelitas ikastetxeko programa aztertu da, bost urteko gelako 25 haurren inguruko behaketa erregistroak erabiliz); eta (3) Haur Hezkuntzako bost urteko gelan emozioak lantzeko proposamena diseinatzea eta aurrera eramatea (Carmelitaseko bost urteko gelan, behaketa erregistroak, egunerokoa nahiz Emozioak dantzan tailerra sortu eta aztertu dira). Emaitzei erreparatuz, aipatzekoa da helburu guztiak lortu direla, nahiz eta hasiera batean diseinatutako proposamenean aldaketa batzuk eman behar izan diren ikastetxera moldatzeko. Amaitzeko, emaitzak aztertu ostean, helburu bakoitzari dagozkion ondorioak atera dira, hausnarketa pertsonalarekin eta hobekuntza proposamenekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50722,2021-03-22,"In this end-of-degree work, we have tried to make progress between generations. Interaction between the two generations (children and eider people), sharpening a prosocial attitude, through cohesion and inclusion. Citizens should be aware of this open and public spaces for all ages and where they are both, services and the intergenerational activities offered. This project aims to promote intergenerational relations, in order to do so, increasing cooperation, interaction and exchange between people from different generations, sharing skills, knowledge and experiences might help. Through the motor activity, the objective is to raise awareness of the values that are transmitted, in order to wake interest and promote personal and social development using a playful and motivating method.","Gradu Amaierako lan honetan, belaunaldien arteko aurrepausu bat eman nahi da. Bi belaunaldien (haur eta agure) arteko interakzioa, jarrera prosozialak areagotuz, inklusioa eta kohesioa emanez. Herritarrek jakin behar dute adin guztientzako gune irekiak eta publikoak direla, eta bertan eskaintzen diren zerbitzu zein belaunaldi arteko jarduerez goza dezaketela. Proiektu honekin belaunaldien arteko harremanak sustatu nahi dira, hau da, belaunaldi ezberdinetako pertsonen arteko lankidetza, interakzioa eta elkartrukea areagotu, trebetasunak, ezagutzak eta esperientziak partekatuz. Jarduera motorraren bidez, lortu nahi den helburua honako balio hauekiko kontzientzia hartzea da: interesa piztea eta garapen pertsonala zein soziala, metodologia ludiko eta motibatzaile batean erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14710,2015-03-04,"The aim of the present study is to study the efficiency and productivity of the Hydropower Plant of Plazakola, providing a variety of possible choices economic wise and technology wise. For each of the provided alternatives it will be studied the energy production as well as the required inversion, comparing them between each other and finally stating the optimal solution in which the final project will be based.","Eraginkortasun txosten honen helburua Plazakolako Zentral Hidroelektrikoaren efizientzia eta produktibitatea aztertzea da, ekonomikoki eta teknikoki bideragarriak diren aukerak aurkeztuz. Proposatutako posibilitate bakoitzarentzat, produkzio energetikoa eta obra zibila zein beharrezko tresnentzako balioztatutako inbertsioak aztertuko dira, elkarren artean konparatuz eta aukerarik onena zein den adieraziz, aurreproiektuan garatuko dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24993,2008,"Its maieutic-metarational method enlightens Prof. F. Mennekes to comment the paradigmatic relations of E. Chillida, J. Beuys and A. Tàpies from art and spirituality. Mennekes, like a conjurer, comes into the deeper privacy of the three artists, and achieves to bring out its original phenomenological cosmovision of beauty, in its multiple forms and facets","Bere metodo maieutiko-meta-arrazionalak F. Mennekes Irakaslea argitzen du, E. Chillida, J. Beuys eta A. Tàpies-en erlazio paradigmatikoak agertzen, artea eta espiritualitatearen bitartez. Mennekes, azti moduan, hiru artista hauen intimitate sakonean murgiltzen da eta edertasunaren munduikuskera fenomenologiko originala ateratzea lortzen du, forma eta alderdi anitzetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29245,2018-10-23,"Nowadays, technology is getting more powerful due to the increase of the use of mobile devices. As a consequence, the methods and practices of the teaching process are being changed. In order to take advantage of these changes,Clicker's have shown up. Clicker's are ""Question & Answer"" format platforms that are being used in classrooms. By using this, teachers can send specific questions directly to their student’s mobile phones and these students can answer them back. This project, that is going to be explained long and precise, has been created to show the potential of Clicker's in university classrooms. For this work, there has been implemented Moodle plugin for the teacher.On the one hand, this add-on provides the teacher the possibility to send questions. On the other hand, the same plugin receives answers from the students. In addition to this, there has been developed an app for the students available for any platform (Android/IOS) using Cordova for that effect. This application receives the teacher’s questions.","Gaur egun, teknologia geroz eta indar gehiago hartzen ari da eta mugikorren erabilpena asko hedatu da. Honen ondorioz irakasteko orduan orain arte zeuden metodoak eta praktikak aldatzen ari dira. Aldaketa hauek aprobetxatzeko ideiarekin jaio ziren Clicker-ak. Clicker-ak ikasgeletan erabiltzen diren galdera-erantzun bidezko plataformak dira. Hauen bidez irakasleak aukeratutako galderak momentuan telefonoetan jaso eta erantzun ahalko dituzte ikasleek. Unibertsitateko ikasgeletan Clicker-ak erabiltzeko ideiarekin sortu da luze eta zehatz azalduko den proiektua hau. Lan honetarako irakaslearentzako Moodle gehigarria edo plugina inplementatu da, honen bidez irakasleak galderak bidali ahalko ditu eta baita ere ikasleeek erantzundakoa ikusteko aukera izango du. Gainera, ikaslearentzako app-a garatu da irakasleak bidalitako galderak jasotzeko, zein gaur egun dauden plataformentzat erabilgarria izanik(android,iOS), honetarako Cordova erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42066,2020-03-10,"For a long time our society has described the image of disability in negative terms because it has been understood as something atypical. However, this view has been changing giving rise today to a perspective totally opposed to the traditional idea. Today, the focus is on society and not on the individual, so the community needs to be more flexible and tolerant of all the individuals who constitute it. Modern literature, which in addition to approaching this subject from a more current and optimistic point of view, has as its objective the transmission of values as well as, tolerance and respect. Unfortunately, the percentage of children's stories where functional diversity is not adequately addressed is even higher. Through this document we want to study the treatment of functional diversity in children's and youth literature. In this way this document will be divided into two parts: the theoretical framework, where the conceptualization of children's literature and functional diversity will be explained; and the research, where the proposed objective will be clarified.","Denboran zehar geure gizarteak elbarritasunaren irudia termino negatiboetatik kontsideratu du zerbait arraroa bezala ulertu delako. Izan ere, ikuspuntu hau eboluzionatzen joan da antzinako ideiarekin guztiz apurtu arte. Hori dela eta, gaur egun sozietate malguagoa eta toleranteagoa lortzeko asmoz fokua gizartean jarri da eta ez banakoan. Literatura modernoak, gai hau ikuspuntu optimistagoagatik eta eguneratuagatik kontsideratzeaz gain, baloreen transmisioa xedetzat du. Tamalez, dibertsitate funtzionalaren gaia era desegokian jorratzen duten liburuen kopurua handiegia da oraindik. Lan honen bidez dibertsitate funtzionalak zer tratamendua duen Haur eta Gazte Literaturan ezagutzea eta ulertzea da. Ildo honetatik, lana bi zatitan bananduko da: marko teorikoa, non Haur eta Gazte Literaturaren eta dibertsitate funtzionalaren kontzeptualizazioa azalduko den; eta ikerketa, non proposatutako helburua argituko den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18854,2016-09-09,"This study has its aim in defining and analyzing a security solution in D2D opportunistic environment. Firstly, the main aspects of the topology that will be secured will be analyzed and the security solution that fits that topology will be defined. After this, the most significant parameters to measure the performance of the solution will be identified and a test plan and scenario will be defined. Then measurements will be taken in both environment, and finally, the obtained results will be analyzed to determine the efficiency of the security solution.","Ikerketa honen helburua D2D oportunista multioperadore inguruneentzako segurtasun irtenbide bat zehaztu eta aztertzea da. Hasteko, sarearen topologiaren alderdiak aztertuta, segurtasun irtenbidea zehazten da, topologia horrekin bat datorrena. Jarraian, errendimendua neurtzeko parametro adierazgarrienak identifikatzeaz gain, neurketak egiteko proba-lana eta egoera definituko dira, ingurune itxuratuetan zein errealetan. Ondoren, ingurune bietan neurketak gauzatzen dira, eta azkenik lortutako ondorioak aztertzen dira, eta azkenik lortutako ondorioak aztertzen dira, proposatutako irtenbidearen errendimendua zehazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59766,2023-02-10,"The Agua Prieta II solar thermal power plant, located in the state of Sonora, Mexico, is one of the most important in Latin America, it is the first plant that hybridizes solar concentration and combined cycle technologies, which provides an installed generation capacity of 394 MW to the country's National Electric System. To meet the growing energy needs of the future, various renewable energies will be necessary, since they depend on natural resources and present great variability. To ensure supply, it will be necessary to hybridize different technologies. Through this study, the implementation of a photovoltaic solar system and energy storage through molten salts to the plant is proposed. The elements necessary to carry out this hybridization are described, which, if carried out, would be the first of its kind in the world. Finally, an economic study is carried out to check its viability.","Agua Prieta II eguzki-zentral termikoa, Mexikon kokatuta, hain zuzen Sonora estatuan, Latinoamerikako garrantzitsuenetarikoa da. Eguzki-kontzentrazioa eta ziklo konbinatuko teknologiak konbinatzen dituen lehen planta da eta 394 MW instalatutako sorkuntza ahalmena du herrialdeko Sistema Elektriko Nazionalera. Etorkizuneko energia-premia gero eta handiagoak asetzeko, hainbat energia berriztagarri beharrezkoak izango dira, baliabide naturalen menpe baitaude eta aldakortasun handia baitute. Hornidura bermatzeko, beharrezkoa izango da teknologia desberdinak hibridatzea. Azterketa honen bidez, eguzki-sistema fotovoltaiko bat eta gatz urtuen bidezko energia biltegia planteatzen da. Hibridazio hori burutzeko beharrezkoak diren elementuak deskribatzen dira, eta burutuz gero, motako honetako munduko lehena izango litzateke. Azkenik, azterketa ekonomikoa egiten da haren bideragarritasuna egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16478,2015-12-16,"This paper has two main objectives: The first is a presentation of Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) to achieve this objective responding to the questions of how, why and when such methods emerged and what has been its historical evolution and its introduction in the industry. The second main objective is the application of three END (penetrating liquids, ultrasonic procedure and magnetic particles) in the industry, it develops the procedure to be followed by these three techniques in seamless pipe elbows.","Lan honek bi helburu nagusi ditu: Lehena, Saiakera Ez Suntzitzaileen aurkezpena egitea da. Helburu horretarako nola, zergatik eta noiz sortu ziren galderei erantzuten zaie bertan. Halaber, berauen garapen historikoa eta industrian izandako sarrera azaltzen dira. Bigarren helburu nagusia industrian hiru saiakeraren aplikazioa da (likido sakorrak, ultrasoinuak eta partikula magnetikoak). Helburu hau lortzeko, berriz, jarraitu beharreko prozedura garatu da, sodadura gabeko ukondodun hoditeria hiru teknika, alegia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63432,2023-07-03,"The social concern about delinquency is a reality that has accompanied humanity for a long time, but it wasn't until the 19th century that the importance of the geographical element was taken into consideration. It was then that they discovered that crimes, depending on their nature, are systematically distributed spatially and temporally. Environmental Criminology focuses on studying criminal behavior influenced by the immediate environment in which it occurs. Therefore, the present work aims to study Geographic Information Systems (GIS) used as a method of analyzing the criminal phenomenon. The objective of this study is to expand the knowledge received in the subject of Environmental Criminology. Additionally, through an analysis of the GIS software called Qlik Sense, used by the City Council of San Sebastian and the Municipal Guard of the same city, it aims to demonstrate how to refine and audit the information collected through this tool. With all of this, the work aims to demonstrate the correct execution of an environmental criminological study of crimes in a particular location and subsequently reveal possible causes, solutions, and preventive measures.","Delinkuentziarekiko gizarte-kezka aspalditik datorkio gizakiari, baina XIX. mendera arte ez zen kontuan hartu elementu geografikoaren garrantzia. Orduan konturatu ziren delituak, beren izaeraren arabera, sistematikoki espazioan eta aldi baterako banatzen direla. Ingurumen-kriminologiaren ardatza da gertatzen den berehalako giroak eragiten duen jokabide kriminala aztertzea. Hori dela eta, lan honen xedea da fenomeno kriminala aztertzeko metodo gisa erabiltzen diren informazio-sistema geografikoak (GIS) aztertzea. Lan honen helburua Ingurumen Kriminologia ikasgaian jasotako ezagutzak zabaltzea da. Era berean, Donostiako Udalak eta hiri bereko Udaltzaingoak erabiltzen duten Qlik Sense izeneko GISaren analisi baten bidez, tresna horren bidez bildutako informazioa nola araztu eta ikuskatu irakatsi nahi du. Horren guztiaren bidez, leku bateko delituen ingurumen-azterketa kriminologikoa behar bezala egin dela erakutsi nahi da, ondoren balizko kausak, konponbideak eta prebentzioak azaleratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22920,2017-07,"Along this project, it has been made an analysis of the alterations that human activities generate over the water environment. Also, there are presented the technological alternatives for palliating those effects. On the other hand, it has been constructed a small installation for the treatment of a quantity which incorporates different concentrations of a characteristic industrial contaminant: phenol. In the installation, it has been made experiments for analysing the elimination of the contaminant by using a photocatalytic treatment. The analysis, before and after the treatment, have been made by gas chromatography.","Proiektu honen bitartez, ur ingurunez giza jarduerak egiten dituzten alterazioko analisi bat egiten du. Efektu horiek arintzeko teknologia alternatiba posibleak aurkeztuz gain. Berriz, industria ezaugarri kutsatzaile bateko kontzentrazio desberdinak daukan kantitate bat tratatzeko instalazio txiki bat eraiki du: fenola. Instalazio honetan, proba batzuk egin ditu kutsatzaile bat ezabatzea aztertzeko foto-katalitiko baten bitartez. Azterketak, tratamenduren aurretik eta gero, kromatografiaz bidez egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54013,2021-11-23,"Abstract (English): Over the last 75 years, technological growth has exploded thanks to the development of numerous software and hardware solutions. Both concepts and their development are intrinsically related, in such a way that the increasingly demanding software requires higher performance hardware, and the hardware itself, also in development, allows software solutions with higher requirements. This has not only extended the scope of computing to practically all sectors globally, but has also allowed the emergence of new technologies that require very demanding processing, in terms of computing complexity, as well as in terms of the volume of information to be processed. This translates into services that require processing large amounts of information in reduced times, or services that simply require minimising this processing time by their very nature. Some examples are Big Data Analysis, Machine Learning, Time Sensitive Networking or Internet of Things, among many others. These new technologies and their requirements have enabled the emergence of electronic devices that transform traditionally slower and less efficient applications into applications that adapt to this new high-performance environment. Moreover, they make it possible to establish the environment for the creation of new applications directly on this type of device. These devices enable what is known as Hardware Acceleration, introducing a new paradigm for the development of high performance applications. Despite its great versatility and possibilities, it is at a point of low maturity and it is necessary to carry out an in-depth study and analysis of the technologies in order to establish the first steps towards this environment for the development and deployment of high-performance applications, so that it can be extended to the different technological sectors that could benefit from it. This is why this project was created to study and deploy the development environment for this type of solution, as well as to analyse the different development paths and methodologies, visualising their results, in order to determine the possibilities of this type of promising technology. For this purpose, the Xilinx Vitis development environment is used, implementing the solutions on Xilinx Alveo acceleration cards.","Laburpena (Euskara): Azken 75 urteetan, teknologia-hazkundeak gora egin du, Software eta Hardware soluzio ugariren garapenari esker. Bi kontzeptu horiek eta horien garapena berez lotuta daude; horrela, gero eta zorrotzagoa den Softwareak errendimendu handiagoko Hardwarea behar du, eta Hardwareak berak ere, garatzen ari denak, eskakizun handiagoko Software-soluzioak ahalbidetzen ditu. Horri esker, konputazioaren esparrua ia sektore guztietara zabaldu da maila globalean, eta, horrez gain, prozesamendu oso zorrotzak eskatzen dituzten teknologia berriak agertu dira, bai konputazioaren konplexutasunari dagokionez, bai prozesatu beharreko informazioaren bolumenari dagokionez. Horren ondorioz, denbora laburrean informazio asko prozesatzea eskatzen duten zerbitzuak ematen dira, edo berez prozesamendu-denbora hori minimizatzea besterik eskatzen ez duten zerbitzuak. Horren adibide dira Big Data Analysis, Machine Learning, Time Sensitive Networking edo Internet of Things, besteak beste. Teknologia berri horiei eta haien eskakizunei esker, tradizionalki motelagoak eta eraginkortasun txikiagokoak izan diren aplikazioak eraldatzeko aukera ematen duten gailu elektronikoak sortu dira, errendimendu handiko ingurune berri horretara egokitzen direnak. Gainera, aplikazio berriak sortzeko ingurunea ezartzea ahalbidetzen dute, zuzenean horrelako gailuetan. Gailu hauek Hardware azelerazioa deritzona ahalbidetzen dute, errendimendu altuko aplikazioak garatzeko paradigma berri bat sartuz. Moldakortasun eta aukera handiak dituen arren, heldutasun txikiko puntu batean dago, eta beharrezkoa da teknologien azterketa eta analisi sakona egitea, errendimendu handiko aplikazioak garatzeko eta hedatzeko ingurune horretara lehen urratsak ezartzeko, horren onurak jaso ditzaketen sektore teknologikoetara zabaldu ahal izateko. Hori dela eta, proiektu hau sortu da horrelako soluzioen garapen-ingurunea aztertzeko eta hedatzeko, baita garapen-bideak eta metodologiak aztertzeko ere, emaitzak bistaratuz, etorkizun handiko teknologia mota horren aukerak zehazteko.Horretarako, Xilinx Vitis garapen-ingurunea erabiltzen da, Xilinx Alveo azelerazio-txartelen gaineko soluzioak inplementatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25926,2018-03-22,"Due to the importance that reading have for Primary School children, this work analyses the benefits that reading brings to children and the bases to promote the reading for pleasure. In the empirical part, we asked some students of PE about the relationship they have with reading: interests for reading, motivation and reading habits, with one variable: the age. In fact, we wanted to know if the relationship with reading changes with the age in order to search for solutions after analysing the reasons. Moreover, we have also given importance to the choice of language, in this investigation. A quantitative investigation has been carried through and it has been demonstrated that the age has influence on reading for pleasure. Finally, new solutions which could avoid the negative influence of the age and help on the promotion of reading have been proposed.","Irakurketak Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan dauden umeengan duen garrantzia kontuan hartuta, azken hauek irakurketaren bidez jasotzen dituzten onurak eta haurrak irakurzaletzeko gakoak ezagutu nahi izan ditugu marko teorikoaren bidez. Lan enpirikoan LHko ikasleei irakurketarekin duten harremanaren inguruan galdetu diegu: harekiko duten interesaren, motibazioaren eta ohituren inguruan, alegia, horiek guztiak aldagai batetik aztertuta: adina. Izan ere, interesa genuen haurren irakurketarekiko harremana adinarekin aldatzen ote den frogatzeko, eta arrazoiak aztertuta, konponketarako bideak bilatzeko. Horrez gain, azterketan irakurgaietako hizkuntza aukerari ere garrantzia eman zaio. Lanean, hortaz, ikerketa kuantitatibo bat aurrera eraman da eta adinak irakurzaletasunean eragina duela ondorioztatu da. Azkenik, adinaren eragin negatiboa ekidin eta irakurketaren sustapenean lagun dezaketen irtenbide berriak proposatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13994,2015-01-16,"It is not easy to identify students with high intellectual capacities of the society. Therefore, the objective of this project has been the identification of these students. Two didactic proposals have been carried out based on different authors and theories. There has been realized a documentary that gives to know these pupils and its characteristics, where the myths and false beliefs about this collective are demystify. The second proposal of this project has been the development of a list of observation tools; a list that will help families and teachers to indentify these students, in any environment.","Gizartean dauden adimen gaitasun handiko haurrak antzematea ez da erraza. Hori dela eta, ikasle hauen ezaugarriak antzematea izan da lan honen muina. Egile eta teoria ezberdinetan oinarrituta, bi ekarpen didaktiko aurrera eraman dira. Ikasle hauek eta hauen ezaugarriak ezagutzera ematen dituen dokumentala burutu da, non kolektibo honen inguruan sinesten diren mitoak eta uste okerrak desmitifikatzen diren. Lanaren bigarren ekarpena, haurrak identifikatzerako orduan familia eta irakasleentzako lagungarriak izango diren behaketa- tresnen zerrenda izan da, edozein ingurunean egonda ere haur hauek antzematen lagunduko duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16308,2015-12-02,"The aim of this project is to design a mechanism that provides XY displacements in a platform employing flexible beams. The analysis of the the elastica is carried out starting from the Bernoulli Euler beam theory. The object will be to know the relation between the applied forces and the displaced shape of the buckled beam. Elliptical integrals and numerical methods will be implemented in a Matlab file to solve the equations that provide the solutions of the elastica. Finally, the mechanism will be designed and a prototype will be built in order to compare analytical and experimental results.","Proiektu honen helburua XY plataforman mugimendua lortzeko mekanismoaren diseñua da, hagazka malguak erabiliz. Horretarako kargen eta momentuen arteko erlazioa eta hagazken deformazioa jakiteko Euler-Bernoulliren habeen teoria oinarritzat hartuko ditu. Integral eliptikoak eta zenbakizko metodoak erabiliko ditu eta Matlab programan implementatuko dira elastikaren kalkuloa lortzeko ekuazioak ebatzi ahal izateko. Azkenik, mekanismoa diseinatu eta eredua eraikiko dira emaitza analitikoak eta esperimentalak alderatzeko helburuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29253,2018-10-23,"In the last years the production of electric vehicles has been incentivized in order to achieve a number of objectives, such as the reduction of CO2 pollutants, as well as for the reduction of the pollution in cities with high populations and for the minimization of fuel dependency, among others. In this context, a relevant technological revolution has been produced with the penetration of the electric vehicle, where conventional combustion engines have been substituted by electric machines. The traction electric machine is one of the most relevant elements of this type of vehicle. In order to carry out the control algorithms that govern the electric machine electromagnetic torque productions it is mandatory to precisely determine the angular position of the rotor. Although several solutions can be considered for such angle determination, such as the usage of encoders or the implementation of sensorless control algorithms, up to date resolver sensors are the most widespread options in the automotive industry. In general, the adaptation of the measurement signals provided by the resolver is carried out using resolver-to-digital hardware devices. However and depending on the particular control platform, as it is the case of a rapid control prototyping platform, it can be of high interest to implement such functionalities in a high speed digital device such as an FPGA. This Project has been focused on the modeling and simulation of the resolver-to-digital algorithm using the model based design approach. In order to meet this target, the Matlab/Simulink software has been used, and an adaptation technique based on oversampling and a Phase Locked Loop has been implemented. Once the functionality of this implementation has been verified using standard Simulink blocks, it has been implemented an verified using XilinX System Generator for its future implementation in an FPGA.","Azken urteotan ibilgailu elektrikoen fabrikazioa bultzatu da zenbait helburu betetzeko, hala nola CO2 isurketak murrizteko, biztanle-kopuru handia duten hirietako kutsadura murrizteko eta erregai fosilekiko gizarteak duen menpekotasuna jaisteko, besteak beste. Alde horretatik, erreboluzio teknologiko garrantzitsua sortu du ibilgailu elektrikoak, non konbustio-motorra motor elektriko batek eta horri eragiten dion potentzia-elektronikak ordezkatu duten. Trakziorako motorra da mota horretako ibilgailuetako elementu nagusietako bat. Beharrezkoa da motorraren posizio angeluarraren ezagutza zehatza, momentu elektromagnetikoa kontrolatzen duten algoritmoak gauzatzeko. Alde horretatik eta posizio angeluarra zehazteko aukera ezberdinak kontsideratzen badira ere, hala nola encoderren edota sensorless kontrolen erabilera, erresolberra de funtzio hori betetzeko erabiltzen den neurgailu erabiliena. Oro har, sentsore horrek gauzatzen duen neurketaren adaptazioa resolver-to-digital izenarekin ezagutzen den gailu hardware baten bidez gauzatzen da. Hala ere eta kontrolerako erabiltzen den plataformaren menpe, prototipatze azkarrerako plataforma batetan adibidez, interesgarria izan daiteke funtzionalitate horiek abiadura azkarreko gailu digital batetan inplementatzea, adibidez FPGA batetan. Proiektu hau resolver-to-digital algoritmoaren modelizazioan eta simulazioan zentratu da, modeloetan oinarritutako diseinua erabiliz. Horretarako, Matlab/Simulink softwarea erabili da, eta gainlaginketan eta PLL motako jarraitzaile batetan oinarritutako teknika inplementatu da. Behin teknika horren funtzionalitatea Simulink-eko bloke estandarren bidez balioztatu ondoren, XilinX System Generator-en bidez inplementatu da algoritmoa, etorkizunean FPGA batetan integratzeko asmoarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/33159,2019-06-07,"The aim of this Project will be to investigate the management of the Finnish Education System; On the one hand, different topics on education will be discussed, and on the other hand, the characteristics and situations of the country and the Educational System will be analyzed. In fact, the success of Education in Finland has usually been analyzed by a didactic and pedagogical approach, and through this work, we want to know its internal operation and the roles of the different influences. Finally, mentioning the strengths of the Education Management of Finland, they will be presented different proposals to apply in the Basque Educational System.","Lan honen helburua Finlandiako Hezkuntza Sistemaren kudeaketa ikertzea da; alde batetik, hezkuntzaren inguruko gai desberdinak jorratuz, eta beste aldetik, herrialdeko eta hezkuntza sistemako egoerak eta ezaugarriak aztertuz. Izan ere, Finlandiako Hezkuntzaren arrakasta oro har didaktika eta pedagogia ikuspuntutik aztertua izan da, eta lan honen bitartez, bere barne funtzionamendua eta eragile desberdinen rolak ezagutu nahi dira. Amaitzeko, Finlandiako Hezkuntza Kudeaketa ereduaren indarguneak aipatuz, gaur egun Euskal Hezkuntza Sisteman aplikatzeko proposamenak aurkeztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60228,2023-03-03,"Considering the importance of biodiversity education, the present study analyzed 5th and 6th grade students of 8 schools in Guipuzkoa in terms of their connection with nature (INS) and their capacity to enumerate and identify native wild plants and animals of forest environments. A questionnaire was administered to 271 students, belonging to different school-types - forest-school, intermediate school or inner school- in order to analyze the effect of school type, sex, time spent in natural environments and the size of the population on the connection with nature and the capacity to enumerate and identify native wild plants and animals. It was found that the time spent in the natural environment has a significant effect in the level of connection with nature. Besides, forest schools, parents and the time spent in a natural environment influence significantly on the students’ ability to list native wild plants and identify native wild trees and animals, however, the knowldege is very poor. Our results confirm the “plant blindness” and Native Species Awareness Disparity of the primary school students.","Bioaniztasunaren hezkuntzak duen garrantzia ikusita, ikerketa honek Gipuzkoako 8 eskoletako Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailako ikasleek naturarekiko duten konexio maila (INS eskala) eta bertako basoetako landare eta animalia basatiak zerrendatzeko eta identifikatzeko duten gaitasuna aztertu du bibliografian oinarritutako galdetegi baten bitartez. Galdeketa 271 ikasleei pasatu zaie, hauek eskola mota ezberdinetakoak izanik: baso-eskola, erdiko-eskola edo barneko-eskola. Aztergaiak ziren naturarekiko lotura eta bertako landare eta animalien identifikazio eta zerrendatze gaitasunerako eskola-mota, sexua, natur ingurunean pasatzen den denbora eta herriaren tamaina hartu dira kontuan. Emaitzetan natur-ingurunean pasatzen den denborak haurrek naturarekiko duten konexio mailan eragin zuzena duela ikusi da, bestetik, baso-eskolek, gurasoek eta natur-ingurunean pasatzen den denborak haurrek bertako landare basatiak zerrendatu eta bertako zuhaitz eta animalia basatiak identifikatzeko duten gaitasunean positiboki eragiten dutela ikusi den arren, haurrek bertako animalia eta zuhaitzen inguruan duten ezagutza oso urria dela ondorioztatu da. Azkenik, bibliografian deskribatutako “landareen itsutasuna” eta “bertako espezieen oharmen eza” fenomenoak baieztatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72769,2025-02-14,"In the present document, we propose the development of a dynamometric walkway setup with the objective of performing a precise gait evaluation of a pacient. Thanks to it, biomechanical data will be collected during walking, facilitating the assessment and monitoring of the rehabilitation process for patients with injuries or neurological conditions that impair their natural locomotion. The project includes the design and implementation of a walkway that will integrate a platform equipped with force and pressure sensors, as well as the analysis of software for the data results. The walkway will benefit not only patients in neurological rehabilitation but also athletes seeking to improve their technique and performance. By providing an objective analysis of gait, the walkway aims to improve rehabilitation outcomes and support efforts in injury prevention and performance optimization.","Dokumentu honetan, pasarela dinamometriko baten garapena proposatzen dugu, pertsona baten ibileraren ebaluazio zehatza egiteko helburuarekin. Horri esker, ibilera bitartean datu biomekanikoak jasoko dira, lesio edo baldintza neurologikoek eragindako pazienteen errehabilitazio prozesuaren ebaluazioa eta jarraipena erraztuz. Proiektuak, indar eta presio sentsoreekin hornitutako plataforma integratuko duen pasarela baten diseinua eta ezarpena barne hartzen ditu, baita datuen emaitzen softwarearen analisia ere. Pasarelak errehabilitazio neurologikoan dauden pazienteez gain, beren teknika eta errendimendua hobetu nahi duten atletei ere mesede egingo die. Ibilera analisi objektiboa eskainiz, pasarelak errehabilitazioaren emaitzak hobetzea eta lesioen prebentzio eta errendimenduaren optimizazio ahaleginak laguntzea du helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24472,2017-09,"Presently many people interpret the Energy Performance Certificate of a household as a tax to make money. However, it is nothing more than a useful tool to know and avoid wastage of the energy consumption. The project is divided into two main parts. On the one hand, we have the Energy Certificate of a real household performed through the CE3X program. And on the other hand, some improving proposals calculated by this same program, but these will not be implemented.","Gaur egun, oraindik ere, etxebizitza baten kalifikazio energetikoa dirua irabazteko zerga edo tasa barri bat bezala ikusten duen jendea dago. Ala ere, azkenaldian hain kontuan hartzen den energia kontsumoa ezagutzeko eta honen xahutzea ekiditzeko tresna erabilgarri bat besterik ez da. Proiektu honek bi atal nagusi ditu. Alde batetik benetako etxebizitza baten kalifikazio energetikoa daukagu, CE3X programaren bitartez lortua. Eta bestetik, programa bardinarekin kalkulatutako, baina aurrera eramango ez diren, zenbait hobekuntzen proposamenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25020,2007,"As computers and communications networks render more services, its vulnerability increases. In spite of this, the security policy is very deficient. Hidden criminality in this sector is very high as well as the problems concerning crimes evidence. The juridical analysis confirms the difficulties derived from the drafting and interpretation of the articles regarding all these offences, as well as very important hermeneutic controversies. It is advised to adopt some reform measures, and to insist on the need to become aware of these problems as well as the convenience of introducing a security policy suitable for preventing and reducing the damages.","Informatika eta komunikazio sareak hurbiltzaile eta zerbitzu-emaile bihurtu direnez, bere urrakortasuna handitu da. Hala ere, segurtasun politikak urriak dira. Sektore honen datu beltzak handiak dira eta frogatzeko arazoak ere nabarmenak dira. Analisi juridikoak hainbat urritasun egiaztatzen ditu, tipo penalen interpretazio eta idazketatik eta hermeneutika eztabaidatik datozenak. Horregatik, zenbait aldaketa neurri proposatzen dira legeria mailan, problematika kontutan hartzea, eta kalteak gutxitzeko eta hauei aurre-hartzeko segurtasun politikak ezartzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25513,1996,"An analysis about parole and weekend arrest is presented, explaining their juridical nature and legal regulation. Likewise, a reflection about the controversy raised in relation to their performance is developed. The situation created is considered untenable taking as a basis the normative principle of hierarchy and the right to an adequate implementation of deprivation of liberty penalties.","Askatasun baldintzatua eta asteburuetako atzipenaldiko penari buruzko analisia aurkezten da, bere izaera juridikoa eta arauketa legala adieraziz. Era beran, bere egukaritzari dagokion sorrarazitako eztabaidari buruzko gogoeta bat egiten da, eta sortutako egoera eutsi-ezintzat hartzen da, arauetako hierarkia printzipioan eta pena askatasun-gabetzaileen egikaritzari eskubidean oinarrituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37050,2019-12-19,"Due to the boom in the fitness and exercise sector in general in recent times, the demand for mobile applications related to sports has increased considerably. However, there are not many applications that combine the entertainment that comes with a game and the practice of exercise. This is the lack that aimsto fullfillthe application developed in this project, a game based on cards with physical penalties to exercise the body and have a good time at the same time.","Azken aldian, fitness eta ariketa fisikoaren sektorean izandako gorakada dela eta, kirolari lotutako aplikazio mugikorren eskaria nabarmen handitu da. Hala ere, ez daudeariketa praktikarekin batera joko bat combinatzendituzten aplikazio asko. Proiektu honetan garatutako aplikazioaarazo hay betetzeko asmoa du. Hauda, gorputza egikaritzeko,eta aldi berean ondo pasatzeko,zigor fisikoak dituen kartetan oinarritutako jokobat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37077,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the consequences produced by climate change are becoming more noticeable each year, and science has confirmed the fact that humans are the main cause of this. Moreover, the emission of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide, CO2, is the main cause of the global increase in temperatures, where the energy sector is responsible for 78% of the polluting gases sent to the atmosphere in the European Union [1]. For this reason, the research and continuous development of more efficient electrical converters and sources of renewable energy that are less polluting and therefore more favorable for the environment, should be one of the main commitments of the 21st century. One of these sources of energy, and one that this end-of-degree project deals with, is photovoltaic solar energy and its conversion to other forms of electricity through electrical converters. The main objective of this end-of-degree project is to give the reader the necessary knowledge so that he can develop a complete system of photovoltaic solar energy by himself, and any other set of electrical converters. Therefore, this document will begin explaining the concepts about the operation of the photovoltaic panels and how to study their MPPT point. After this, electrical converters will be thoroughly studied, emphasizing the mathematical model of the different types and distributions, transformers will also be included, since all together form the basis for the transformation and transport of electricity. After acquiring this knowledge, a complete process of selection of all the equipment that composes a photovoltaic electric generation system is proposed. Finally, the designs and assemblies of several electrical converters will be explained, among them, a prototype and small-scale model of a photovoltaic solar system with all the electrical converters that are necessary to transform the 12 V DC of the solar panel into 230 V AC. The idea is that from these 230 V AC, be able to transform the energy so that it is variable to use it in different applications. Therefore, two variants have been developed, an adjustable laboratory DC power supply that delivers up to 30 V and 3.5 A, and an AC-AC voltage regulator that is capable of regulating up to a power of 3.6 kW. In this way, from the energy obtained from a 12 V solar panel, after a transformation process, the outputs that are available are adjustable AC and DC outputs.","Laburpena: gaur egun gero eta nabariagoa da klima aldaketa eta bere ondorioak, gainera zientziak egiaztatu du horren eragile nagusiak gizakiak direla. Alde horretatik, negutegi efektuko gasak dira tenperaturen igoeren errudun nagusienetarikoak eta horien artean aipagarriena karbono dioxidoa, CO2. Hain zuzen, Europar Batasunean energiaren sektorea da atmosferara isuritako gas kutsakorren %78-aren eragilea [1]. Hau kontuan izanik, bai eraginkortasun hobea duten bihurgailuen ikerkuntza eta garapena, zein energia iturri garbiagoen sustapena izan beharko litzateke XXI. Menderako konpromisu nagusienetariko bat. Eguzki energia fotovoltaikoa da horietako bat eta hain zuzen lan honetan landu izan dena. Horrekin batera, lorturiko energiaren eraldaketa lortzeko erabili daitezkeen bihurgailu elektriko ezberdinak ere landu izan dira. Lan honen helburu nagusia, eguzki energia fotovoltaikoko sistema bere osotasunean aztertzea eta azaltzea da. Gainera, edozein bihurgailu elektrikodun multzoak deskribatuz. Gauzak horrela, lehenik panel fotovoltaikoen kontzeptu nagusiak eta hauen potentzia maximoko puntua (MPPT) aztertuko dira. Jarraian, bihurgailu elektrikoak sakonki azalduko dira, batez ere, modelo bakoitzaren eredu matematikoa eta distribuzioa nabarmenduz. Gainera, transformadoreak ere landuko dira, hauekin batera elektrizitate transformazio eta garraioaren oinarriak eratzen baitira. Hau guztia barneratuta, energia fotovoltaikodun sistema oso baten eraketa proposatzen da. Bukatzeko, hainbat bihurgailu elektrikoen diseinuak eta muntaiak azalduko dira, horien artean, eguzki-sistema fotovoltaiko baten prototipo eta eskala eredu bat, eguzki-paneleko 12 V DC 230 V AC-ra eraldatzeko beharrezko bihurgailu guztiekin. Lorturiko 230 V AC horiekin bi irteera garatu dira, lehena, laborategiko elikatze iturria, DC 30 V eta 3,5 A ematen dituena, eta bigarrena, AC-AC tentsio erregulatzailea, 3,6 kW-ko potentzia arte erregulatzeko gai dena. Honela, AC eta DC irteera doigarriak lortzen dira, eguzki-panel batetik lortutako energía transformatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60276,2023-03-06,"There is an increasing presence of ""mindfulness techniques” in various areas of our society, which is reflected in the increasing number of articles and research carried out on it. One of these research areas is education, which in turn is the focus of this study. That is, the present research tries to find a link between the use of mindfulness techniques and students’ performance, more specifically in the subject of mathematics. Therefore, the objectives of this research are many. On the one hand, to carry out a bibliographic search on mindfulness in order to gain more knowledge on the subject, and on the other hand, to see the possible relationship that can be established between an intervention using mindfulness techniques and student performance in the subject of mathematics. For this purpose, 64 pupils from two different stages of primary education took part in the research. In the first stage 34 students aged between 7 and 8 years, and in the second stage, there were 30 students aged between 10 and 11 years. Within each age range, two subgroups were made to divide the students into an experimental group and a control group. Both the students in the control group and the experimental group were given a logical-mathematical reasoning test based on the ""Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-V (WISC_V)"" twice, four weeks apart. During this time, the students in the experimental group underwent an intervention based on mindfulness. After all this, the data were analyzed to check whether the previously set objectives had been achieved. Most of these data were not fully significant, so it was not possible to prove an overall relationship between a mindfulness intervention and students' mathematical performance. One of the reasons for this was the short duration of the intervention, so these data can serve as a starting point for future research.","“Mindfulness” edo “erabateko arreta” izendatzen den teknikaren presentzia geroz eta handiagoa da gure gizarteko hainbat esparrutan, eta horren islada da gai horri buruz egindako artikuluak eta ikerketak ugaritu izana. Arlo horietako bat hezkuntza da, eta hori da, aldi berean, azterlan honen alderdi nagusia. Hau da, ikerketa-lan hau mindfulness tekniken erabileraren eta hezkuntzako errendimenduaren arteko loturan oinarritzen da, matematikako ikasgaian hain zuzen ere. Beraz, ikerketa honen helburuak anitzak dira. Alde batetik, erabateko arretari buruzko bilaketa bibliografiko bat egitea, gaiari buruzko ezagutza handiagoa izan ahal izateko, eta, bestetik, ikustea zer lotura egon daitekeen mindfulness esku-hartze baten eta ikasleen matematikako errendimenduaren artean. Horretarako, ikerketan lehen hezkuntzako bi etapa desberdinetako 64 ikaslek parte hartu dute. Lehenengo etapan 7 eta 8 urte bitarteko 34 ikasle ditugu, eta bigarrenean, berriz, 10 eta 11 urte bitarteko 30 ikasle. Adin-tarte bakoitzaren barruan bi azpitalde egin ziren ikasleak talde esperimentalean eta kontrol-taldean banatzeko. Kontrol-taldeko zein talde esperimentaleko ikasleei ""Escala inteligencia de Wechsler para niños-V (WISC_V)""-an oinarritutako arrazonamendu logiko-matematikoko test bat bi aldiz pasatu zaie, bien artean lau asteko aldea utziz. Denbora horretan, talde esperimentaleko ikasleek erabateko arretan oinarritutako esku-hartzea egin dute. Horren guztiaren ondoren, datuak aztertu dira, aurretik ezarritako helburuak lortu diren egiaztatzeko. Datu horietako gehienak ez dira guztiz esanguratsuak izan, beraz, ezin izan da osotasunean egiaztatu mindfulness esku hartze baten eta ikasleen matematika errendimenduaren artean lotura dagoenik. Horren arrazoietako bat esku hartzearen iraupen laburra izan dela ondorioztatu izan da, beraz etorkizuneko ikerketetarako abiapuntu bezala erabili daitezke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63440,2023-06-12,"Gender-based violence does not end with the filing of a complaint, often victims initiate a new process of victimization called re-victimization and a phenomenon occurs that is concretized in ""judicial victimization"" as a result of their relationship with legal operators. This form of victimization significantly weakens the victim’s situation, causing psychological harm and, consequently, a hostile perception of the criminal justice system. The study concludes that cases of ""re-victimization"" and ""judicial victimization"" are not isolated in gender-based violence. However, we have come to the conclusion that there are certain circumstances that cause the appearance or accentuation of this form of victimization and that can be avoided through different measures","Genero-indarkeria ez da salaketa ezartzen denean amaitzen, askotan birbiktimizazio izeneko biktimizazio prozesu berri bat hasten dute biktimek eta zehazki eragile juridikoekin duten harremanaren ondorioz «biktimizazio judiziala» izenekoan zehazten den fenomenoa ematen da. Biktimizazio-modu horrek biktimaren egoera nabarmen ahultzen du, kalte psikologikoak eraginez eta ondorioz, sistema juridiko penala etsaitasunez hautematen du. Egindako ikerketaren arabera, «birbiktimizazioa» eta «biktimizazio judiziala» kasuak genero indarkerian isolatuak ez diren gertakizunak direla ondorioztatu daiteke. Hala eta guztiz ere ondorioztatu dugu, biktimizazio-modu horren agerpena edo azentuazioa eragiten duten inguruabar zehatz batzuk daudela eta horiek saihestu daitezkeela neurri ezberdinen bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16239,2015-11-27,"EN]This work consists in making the NDT of Penetrant Testings (PT) on some pieces manufactured by Laser Cladding. Its objective is to check the surface integrity and verify if relevant surface discontinuities appears on the pieces, so we can check the surface quality obtained in pieces made by this Laser Cladding process.",Lan hau NDT Likido Sarkorren Probak Laser Cladding-az ekoiztutako piezetan egitean datza. Bere helburua gainazal integritatea egiaztatzea eta gainazalean eten nabarmenik agertzen den ikustea da. Modu honetan prozesu honengatik egindako piezetan lortzen den gainazaleko kalitatea egiaztatu ahal izango dugu. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19497,2016-11-09,"The main concern of the project is the analysis and optimization development of the blades from a small power wind turbine focused on supply an isolated electric system; specifically, a lighting system. First of all, the components of the turbine system already installed are analyzed, all alternatives evaluated and the most suitable ones selected. In order to achieve the objective, we performed a detailed study on wind turbines. The design effort focused on the blades, as they are the most critical however, not standardized components. The optimal design is made by a software coded in Matlab, which integrates an Matlab Solid-Edge interface, allowing us to obtain the blades design in a CAD document. Once the design is completed, several possible alternatives for their fabrication are valued choosing the most appropriate, focusing on the fabrication method and the choice of materials. Looking to the future, an estimate of the cost of fabrication and installation is made. It has also made the corresponding planning, analyzing the multiple benefits in technical, economical, social and environmental fields. For this, we have made a complete programming and an analysis of the costs assumed.","Ondorengo Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan oso potentzia txikiko eta sistema elektriko isolatuen elikadurara bideratuta dagoen aerosorgailu baten azterketa sakona eta palen diseinu berria egin da, aurrekoa optimizatu asmoz. Aerosorgailua argiztatze sistema baterako erabiliko da hain zuzen ere. Hasteko, jada instalatuta dagoen aerosorgailuaren gaineko azterketa zorrotza egiten da, atalez atal alternatiba posible guztiak aztertuz eta aukeraketa egokiak egin diren egiaztatuz, zeinak aerosorgailuen gaineko ikasketa sakona dakarren. Esfortzu handiena palen diseinuan zentratu da, osagai kritikoena eta gutxien normalizatutakoa izanik. Diseinu aerodinamiko optimoa Matlaben kodifikatutako software baten bidez egiten da, Matlab eta Solid-Edge arteko interfaze bat daukana, pala optimoa CAD programa baten bidez irudikatzea ahalbidetuz. Behin diseinua eginda, palen fabrikaziorako alternatiba posible guztiak baloratu eta egokiena hautatu da, horretarako fabrikazio metodoan eta materialen aukeraketan oinarrituz. Etorkizunera begira, palak fabrikatu eta instalatzeak dakarren aurrekontua ere egin da. Aldi berean, beharrezko planifikazio eginkizun guztiak egin dira, abantaila anitz aztertuz, esparru tekniko, sozial eta ingurugirokoan. Horretarako, erabateko programazioa egin da eta baita proiektua aurrera eramateko aurrekontuaren analisi sakona ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34829,2019-07-26,"The main aim of this work is to analyze if it is possible to implementing cogeneration in an appliance factory with the objective of supplying energy. For that, the production process of the washing machine manufacturing has been studied and, thus, its operation. In addition, it is essential to know the energy needs of the plant, both thermal and electrical, and the characteristics such as the available space and its location. It is observed the following: the main cogeneration equipment that best adapts to the thermal needs is an alternative internal combustion engine. Once this equipment has been chosen, the necessary calculations are carried out to determine the operating status and, in turn, an economic study. Idioma: inglés","Etxetresna elektrikoko fabrika bat energiaz hornitzeko helburuarekin, kogenerazioa ezartzea posible den aztertuko da. Horretarako, bertako funtzionamendua ezagutzeko asmoz, garbigailuak ekoiztearen prozesu produktiboa ikertu da. Gainera, fabrikak dituen energia beharrizanak jakitea ezinbestekoa da, bai termikoak zein elektrikoak, baita bertako espazio erabilgarria eta kokalekua ere. Erreparatu daitekeenez, beharrizan termikoei egokien moldatzen zaien oinarrizko ekipoa barne errekuntzako aldizkako motorra da. Behin ekipo hau hautaturik, fabrikaren funtzionamendu egoera ezagutzeko beharrezko kalkuluak garatzen dira eta era berean azterketa ekonomikoa ere aurrera eramaten da. Idioma: euskera" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14426,2015-02-16,"The aim of this project is to achieve a safe and wireless communication between IP sensor network. On the one side, with the 6LoWPAN protocol we ensure that data is transmitted using IPv6 and on the other side, thanks to LADON protocol, security services for authentication, data integrity, authoritation and access control are established.","Proiektua IPn oinarrituriko eta kable gabeko komunikazio segurua lortzera bideratuta dago. Alde batetik, 6LoWPAN protokoloarekin datuen hartu-emana IPv6aren bitartez egitea lortzen da. Bestalde, LADON protokoloari esker segurtasun zerbitzuak lortzen dira, hauen artean autentikazio, datuen osotasuna, autorizazio eta sarrera kontrola." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37112,2019-12-19,"Abstract: this work addresses the recovery of reinforcement fibers from wasted composite materials. For this aim, among the different alternatives for the recovery of these fibers, the pyrolysis-oxidation method has been chosen, since it is the only one currently used for this purpose. With the aim of optimizing this method, tests have been carried out on a thermogravimetry (TGA) device, the data obtained has been treated with different programs and through the 2k factorial design the optimum value has been found for different samples of composites. Of the various factors studied —pyrolysis temperature, oxidation temperature and oxidation time— it is proven that the last two are the most decisive when optimizing the process.","Laburpena: lan honek hondakin bezala baztertutako material konposatuen errefortzu-zuntzen berreskurapenari heltzen dio. Horretarako, pirolisi-oxidazioa aukeratu da, gaur egun, zuntzak birziklatzeko aukeren artean, gehien erabiltzen dena baita. Azterbide hori optimizatzeko termograbimetriak egiteko gailua (TGA) erabili da. Lortutako datuak programa informatikoekin tratatu dira eta 2k diseinu faktorialaren bidez lortu da balio optimoa konposite ezberdinen laginentzat. Ikertu diren aldagai esperimentalen artean —pirolisi-tenperatura, oxidazio-tenperatura, oxidazio-denbora— azken biak dira prozesua optimizatzeko orduan eragin handiena aurkezten dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23266,2017-07,"The use of the computer simulation for the industrial process has increased significantly in the last decades. It consists of modeling real or hypothetical systems by using computer programs to study the operation. The purpose of this work is to present a proposal of a practical manual of the simulation of industrial processes using the application FlexSim. It develops three simulation models combining theoretical concepts and practical instructions of the application, with the aim of facilitating the self-learning for Industrial Organization Engineering students who are interested in the simulation. With this work, it is expected to contribute to the diffusion of the knowledge of the computer simulation in a context that combine the practice and the theory in a single scenario.","Ordenagailu bidezko simulazioak nabarmenki gora egin du industria-eremu barruan azken hamarkadetan. Ordenagailuz, sistema erreal edota hipotetikoen modelaketan datza, beraz, bere funtzionamendua aztertu daiteke. Lan honek, FlexSim simulatzailearen bidez, industria prozesuei buruzko eskuliburu baten lehen hurbilketa proposatzen du. Hiru simulazio eredu aurkezten dira, kontzeptu teorikoak eta aplikazio argibide praktikoak konbinatuz; helburua, Industria Antolaketako ikasleen artetik simulazioan interesatuta daudenei autoikaskuntza erraztea da. Proposamena egin ondoren, ordenagailu bidezko simulazioari buruzko ezagueraren hedapenean laguntzea espero da, praktika eta teoría agertoki bakar batean lotzen duen testuinguruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36704,2019-12-04,"The milling consists of the cutting of the material that is machined with a rotating tool of several edges or teeth. Nowadays, due to the use of the numerical control, milling has become a very versatile mechanical method. In addition, it allows to mechanize different materials, such as wood, aluminium, iron or others. In this assignment, the static study of a three-axis milling machine will be carried out, based on a simplified model. For this reason, it is necessary take out each piece of the machine and develop the construction drawings and the model taking into account a series of simplified hypotheses. To carry out the real manufacturing example, first of all, an analysis of the cutting tools will be made. Next, the CAD / CAM model will be made for the actual manufacturing.","Euskera Fresaketa prozesuan sorbatz edo hortz kopuru ezberdina duten biraketazko ebaketa erremintek materiala ebakitzen dute. Gaur egun eta gehienbat kontrol numerikoari esker balioaniztasun handiko mekanizazio prozesua da fresaketa. Gainera, material ezberdinak mekanizatzeko aukera ematen du, hala nola, zura, aluminioa edota burdina. Lan honetan hiru ardatzetako fresadora baten ikasketa estatikoa burutuko da, eredu sinplifikatu batetik abiatuta. Horretarako, makinaren despiezea burutu ostean plano konstruktiboen eta modelo beraren eraikuntza egingo da, hipotesi sinplifikatiboak kontuan edukiz beti ere. Fabrikazio kasu erreala aurrera eramateko, lehenik eta behin ebaketa erreminten analisia egingo da. Azkenik, CAD/CAM ereduen diseinua jorratu dela fabrikazio erreala egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27337,1997,"The spanish new penal code of 1995 increases the scope of punishment of racial discrimination’s actions. Once analysed several penal models introduced on this matter, the protected juridical goods are studied. Likewise, the text shows the position of many international institutions opposite to this phenomenon.","1995eko Espainiako Kode Penal berrian, handitu egin da arraza-bereizkeriarekin erlazionaturiko ekintzak zigortzeko eremua. Gai honen inguruan sartu diren mota penalak analizatu ondoren, aipaturiko kasu bakoitzeko ondasun juridiko babestua aztertzen da. Aldi berean, nazioarteko hainbat erakundek fenomeno honen aurrean duten jarrera erakusten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43063,2020-05-07,"This research has had four main objectives: (1) compare how emotions are worked in different schools; (2) analyze how emotions have been worked on in the Itxaropena Ikastola during Early Childhood Education; (3) create a workshop on emotions; and finally, (4) study the effectiveness of the emotions workshop. To carry out this work, 20 children from first grade of primary school participated, more specifically, 12 girls and 8 boys. The participants are from the Itxaropena Ikastola which is located in the town of Valle de Trapaga. Regarding the results, (1) we have seen how emotions are worked in different schools; (2) the projects and activities on emotions in Early Childhood Education have been analyzed; (3) we have seen the activities that have been created to carry out the workshop on emotions; and finally, (4) have seen the conflicts and the results that the workshop of emotions has given. Therefore, in this work, we will also see the conclusions that have given the results and improvement proposals have been published.","Ikerketa honek lau helburu nagusiz osatuta dago: (1) eskola ezberdinetan emozioak nola lantzen diren aztertzea; (2) Itxaropena Ikastolan Haur Hezkuntzan emozioak nola lantzen diren aztertzea; (3) emozioen inguruko tailerra sortzea; eta azkenik, (4) emozioen inguruko tailerraren eraginkortasuna aztertzea. Lan hau aurrera eramateko, Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo mailako 20 ikasleek parte hartu dute (12 neska eta 8 mutil). Parte-hartzaileak, Trapagarango herrian kokatzen den Itxaropena Ikastolakoak dira. Emaitzei dagokienez, (1) eskola desberdinetan emozioak nola lantzen diren aztertu da; (2) Haur Hezkuntzan egindako jarduerak eta proiektuak ikusi dira; (3) tailerra aurrera eramateko sortu diren jarduerak ikusi dira; eta bukatzeko, (4) tailerrak sortutako gatazkak eta emandako ondorioak aztertu dira. Hortaz, lan honetan emandako emaitzen ondorioak ere atera dira eta hobekuntzarako proposamenak plazaratu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20315,2017-01-12,"The aim of this project is to develop a tool to improve current knowledge about LTE networks by automating the process of taking measures in test labs. The developed tool allows to know the shortcomings of the protocols of the transport layer. Those protocols were originally created for fixed networks. but still used in mobile networks currently. For that reason, the need for a study for probing transport layer protocols in use today in scenario still remains. To prove it, it’s necessary to follow a process which allows taking a huge number of measures to identify which are the shortcomings of each protocol in each situation. In order to do so, it’s necessary to emulate scenarios and circumstances that could happen in daily situations and put through a study in order to get relevant data. This process speeds up notably with the developed tool.","Projectu honen helburua gaur egun LTE sarrei buruzko ezagutzak handitzea alhalbidetzen duen tresna garatzea da, neurri hartze prozesua automatizatuz laborategi ingurunean. Garatutako tresnari esker garraio mailaren protokoloen gabeziak ezagutu daitezke, hasieran sare finkoetarako erabiltzen zirenak, baina gaur egun sare mugikorretan erabiltzen jarraitzen direnak. Horregatik, ikasketa egiteko eta ingurune hauetan erabiltzen diren garraio mailaren protokoloak egokiak izaten jarraitzen duten edo aldaketak egitea komenigarria den egiaztatzeko beharra sortzen da. Egiaztatzeko beharrezkoa da prozesu bat jarraitzea zeinean neurri asko hartuz jakinarazten du zeintzuk diren protokolo ezberdinen gabeziak eta zein egoeratan ematen dira edo noiz kaltetzen dien gehiago. Horretarako, eguneroko egoeratan eman daitezkeen baldintzak emulatzea beharrezkoa da eta ikasketak egitea baliagarrik diren datuak eskuratzeko. Garatutako tresnarekin prozesua nabarmenki azkartzea lortu daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50997,2021-04-15,"The following project offers help in dealing with the unique situation that was experienced this year as a result of Covid-19. At first, information about homeschooling is offered, then information about mathematics and manipulative materials will be shown to work on them. To finish, after conducting a survey to parents who have children in the child education stage, a series of activities are proposed based on the results obtained in that survey. These activities have been prepared to work mathematics; especially, to perform manipulative materials.","Jarraian agertzen den gradu amaierako lan honek aurten Covid-19-aren ondorioz bizi izandako egoera bereziari edo antzeko egoera bati aurre egiteko laguntza eskaintzen du. Hasieran homeschooling-ari buruzko informazioa ematen da, gero matematikaren eta hauek lantzeko material manipulagarrien inguruko informazioa agertuko da eta bukatzeko, haur hezkuntzako etapan dauden gurasoei inkesta bat egin ostean, lortutako emaitzetan oinarriturik jarduera batzuk proposatzen dira. Jarduera horiek matematikak lantzeko prestatuak izan dira; jarudera horiek, material manipulagarrien bidez burutuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23191,2017-07,"The aim of this project is the analysis of housing with the objective improving the energy efficiency of the house proposing some improvement. This study will be carried out using the ce3x analysis tool and fulfilling all the requirements of the current regulations. An analysis of the proposed improvement and the study of their economic viability of the proposed improvement will also be made, reaching some conclusion at the end.","Proiektu honen helburua etxebizitza baten analisia egin eta honen eraginkortasun energetikoa hobetzeko proposamen batzuk egitea da. Analisi hau ce3x erreminta informatikoak erabiliz egingo da, beti ere gaur egungo araudia errespetatuz. Azkenik, proposaturiko hobekuntzen analisia eta hauen bideragarritasun ekonomikoen azterketa egingo da, ondorio batzuk planteatuz bukaeran." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20063,2017-01-03,"In this Final Grade Project various connecting rods models of an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) are accomplished in a CAD system, so that it can be used in any Finite Element program, performing different simulations of loads to obtain the states of stress and strain of the piece, as well as its behaviour to fatigue. Due to the great changes that have taken place in the automotive world in the last decades, the modeling of parts of this mechanism becomes even more necessary. Especially since the emergence of more durable and lightweight new materials, the improvement of testing techniques and the usage of prototypes. All of these with the aim of enhancing the dynamic properties of the elements, aside from its design and the final cost of the process. Therefore, in this work, there will be a first part containing an explanation of several basic concepts in order to understand the functioning of the ICE and the movement of the model piece. For this purpose, the kinematics and dynamics of the body are studied, characterizing both the movement of the piece and the efforts it will undergo, following the chosen design criteria. In addition, the fatigue phenomenon is explained, being the main cause of the most common failures in elements subjected to cyclic loading. It will also include an explanation of the use of finite elements to obtain approximate results, along with a brief description of the programs used for these type of modeling and analysis. Having understood the necessary basic concepts for the analysis and knowing which the applicable loads will be, the methodology used to generate the virtual model and the following fatigue analysis by software are explained. Finally, the results obtained through ANSYS Workbench of the different tests carried out for this project are presented, comparing different models to later select the one with better features to ensure a good operation of the element during his useful life, minimizing weight and maintaining a viable cost.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan Barne Errekuntza Motore (BEM) baten bielaren hainbat modelo diseinatzen dira CAD formatuan, horrela elementu finituen edozein programan erabiltzeko aukera emanik. Ondoren karga simulazioak eginez, piezaren tentsio-deformazio egoerak eta honen jokaera nekearen aurrean simulatzeko asmoarekin. Azken hamarkadatan aurrerapen handiak eman dira automozio munduan, bereziki material berrien agerpenarekin (gero eta erresistenteagoak eta arinak) eta entsegu tekniken eta prototipo erabileraren hobekuntzarekin. Hobekuntza hauek direla eta, gero eta garrantzitsuagoa bihurtu da piezen modelizazioa. Piezak fabrikatu aurretik, diseinu etapan egindako analisiak gero eta zehatzagoak dira. Piezen propietate dinamikoak hobetzeko helburuarekin, diseinu hobea egitea eta fabrikazio prozesu osoaren kostua murriztea lortzen da. Beraz, lan honen hasierako etapan oinarrizko kontzeptu batzuk azalduko dira laburki. BEM-aren funtzionamendu orokorra eta aztertu beharreko piezaren funtzionamendua ondo ulertzeko helburuarekin. Ondoren, gorputzaren zinematika eta dinamikaren ikasketa egingo da, piezaren mugimendua eta honen gainean sortzen diren esfortzuak karakterizatuz, hautatu diren irizpideak jarraituz. Honekin batera tentsio aldakorrek sortzen duten neke fenomenoa azalduko da, karga ziklikoen menpe dauden piezetan sortzen diren akatsen kausarik nagusiena dena. Behin ulertuta analisia burutzeko beharrezkoak diren oinarrizko kontzeptuak eta funtzionamenduan agertuko diren kargak nolakoak izango diren, modelo birtualaren eraikuntzarako eta ondorengo neke analisirako programa informatikoen bidez erabilitako metodologia azalduko da. Emaitza hurbilduen lorpenean elementu finituen metodoa (EFM) erabiliko da tentsio kritikoen lorpenerako. Amaitzeko, ANSYS Workbench programaren bidez lortutako emaitzak erakusten dira, burututako entsegu desberdinentzako, bielaren funtzionamendu eta posizio kritikoak kontsideratuz. Lortutako emaitzekin modelo desberdinen artean konparaketa egingo da, ezaugarri hobeak dituena hautatuz. Horrela, funtzionamendu egokia ziurtatzeko ahal den heinean pisua minimizatuz eta beti ere kostu bideragarria mantenduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14325,2015-02-03,"This project will describe the steer-by-wire technology implementation, which would substitute car direction systems that are being used nowadays. In this case, this project will be focused on the software implementation. The development of this project will require the gathering of previous documents as well as their analysis. The kind of risks and difficulties involved and the possibilities of implementing this technology in the near future will also be considered. This technology will be simulated in a computer with the help of programing, mechanics and automatics knowledge, and a comparison between this technology and the ones used until date will be carried out, reaching several conclusion based on the results obtained. “Labview” and “Matlab-Simulink” software will be used in order to make the simulation and programming, previously acquiring the skills of the tools required for this specific task.","Proiektu honek automobilen antzinako direkzio sistemak ordezkatuko dituen steer-by-wire-ren inplementazioa deskribatuko du, software-aren garapena, hain zuzen. Lan hau garatzeko, ezinbestekoa izango da orain arte egindako lanen bilketa eta azterketa egitea, baita nolako zailtasunak, arriskuak egongo diren eta posiblea izango litzatekeen etorkizun batean teknologia hau instalatzea. Programazio, mekanika eta automatika ezagutzaren bidez teknologia berri hau ordenagailu batean simulatuko da eta orain arte erabili izan diren teknologiekin alderatuko dira, ateratako emaitzekin ondorio nabarmenak ezarriz. Programazio eta simulaziorako “Labview” eta “Matlab-Simulink” software-ak erabiliko dira, beharrezkoak diren tresnen ezagutzak aurretik lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42061,2020-03-10,"Society is undergoing an important change and it is well-known. One of the principal causes of the change we are noticing in the Basque Country is the migration. So as to coexist and have respect between cultures, it is essential to take measures. An important tool to face this phenomenon is children´s and young people´s literature. Many works on this literature have migration as theme. Therefore, it can be said that migration is explained from different points of view. In this work, in order to draw the results and conclusions, we have analysed the migration concept in children´s and young people´s literature by explaining the theory and carrying out an analysis of the different literature works. To conclude, we have done some suggestions for improvement. Key words: child, young, literature, migration","Gizartea aldaketa handia jasaten ari da eta egungo sozietateak nabaritzen du. Euskal Herrian bizi ari garen aldaketa hauen kausa garrantzitsu bat migrazioa da eta elkarbizitzako eta kulturen arteko errespetua izateko garrantzitsua da neurriak hartzea. Fenomeno honi aurre egiteko erreminta garrantzitsu bat haur eta gazte literatura da. Haur eta gazte literaturaren obra asko daude migrazioa gai bezala hartzen dutenak, beraz, esan dezakegu migrazioaren gaia ikuspuntu desberdinetatik azaltzen dela. Lan honetan, haur eta gazte literaturan migrazioaren nondik norakoak aztertu ditugu teoria azalduz eta obra desberdinen azterketak egin eta gero emaitzak eta ondorioak atera ditugu. Azkenik, hobekuntza proposamen batzuk egin ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16330,2015-12-03,"Concrete, and more specifically the reinforced concrete, is used daily in multiple places. These armatures are used in different structures, which are expected to have a relatively long life; therefore, in some kind of environments, some factors, such as carbon dioxide or chlorides, penetrate the concrete reaching the armatures and reduce the pH of concrete to a value that makes the steel get despasivated. From here, and mostly because of oxygen, the steel oxidizes, reducing drastically these armours’ life and, therefore, the life of the structures. Because of this, the utilization of stainless steel reinforcements, instead of the common carbon steel ones, is gaining strength, despite the initial higher cost they have. Its higher corrosion resistance in aggressive environments turns stainless steel an option to consider in order to extend the life of the structures in that kind of environments. In this work both type of steel have been compared, in two different types of sections, standing out the advantages and disadvantages of each one of them, mainly focusing on the resistance and the cost each of them has. The obtained results prove that, in some kind of applications, stainless steel means a considerable advantage, although carbon steel stills being more viable in others. Despite this, it is clear that the rising use of stainless steel reinforcements during last years is amply justified.","Hormigoia, eta zehatzago esanda hormigoizko armadurak, egunero leku askotan erabiltzen dira. Armadura hauek hainbat eraikuntzetan erabiltzen dira, zeinek biziraupen luzea izan dezan espero den; hala ere, hainbat eragilek, karbono dioxido edo kloruroen modukoak, hormigoia zeharka dezakete, altzairuzko armaduraraino iritsiz, eta hormigoiaren pH-a gutxitu, barruko altzairuak duen kapa babeslea suntsituz. Hortik abiatuz, eta gehienbat oxigenoaren eraginez, altzairuan korrosioa sortzen da, armaduren bizitza erabilgarria asko murriztuz, eta, ondorioz,hauek dituzten eraikuntzena ere. Honen ondorioz, altzairu herdoilgaitzeko armaduren erabilerak geroz eta garrantzi handiagoa du, betidanik erabili diren karbono altzairuen ordezko moduan, nahiz eta bere hasierako kostua handiagoa izan. Ingurune oldarkorretan duen korrosioarekiko erresistentziak altzairu herdoilgaitza ingurune hauetan egiten diren eraikuntzetan erabilia izateko kontuan hartzeko aukera bihurtu da. Lan honetan zehar bi altzairu mota hauek alderatu dira, bi sekzio mota ezberdinetan, bakoitzaren abantaila eta desabantailak nabarmenduz, bereziki bakoitzaren erresistentzia eta kostuan arreta jarriz. Lorturiko emaitzek, altzairu herdoilgaitzak hainbat aplikaziotan abantaila nabarmena suposatzen duela erakusten dute, nahiz eta beste batzuetan karbono altzairua bideragarriagoa izan. Hala ere, altzairu herdoilgaitzeko armaduren erabilerak jasandako gorakada nabarmena guztiz zuritua dela argi geratzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16078,2003-05,"In this magister thesis is done, first, a theoretical review on the studies of peace and violence from a feminist perspective. Second, it is reviewed developments in international standards relating to Human Rights of Women and the International Humanitarian Law. Third, the context of the armed conflict in Colombia is addressed, the extent of violence in the country, relations between the different types of violence and how they affect women. Fourthly, the different roles of women in Colombia with regard to armed conflict; on one side, regarding their participation in different armed groups, on the other side, regarding their social mobilization against war. In relation to it, gender discourses of major women's organizations to oppose the war in the country are analysed.","Magister-tesina honetan, lehenik eta behin, berrikuste teorikoa egiten da bakearen eta bortizkeriaren ikerketen gainean. Bigarren lekuan, ikuskatzen da nazioarteko Emakumeen Giza Eskubideei eta Nazioarteko Zuzenbide Humanitarioari buruzko araudiaren bilakaera. Hirugarren lekuan, Kolonbiako gatazka armatuaren testuingua, herriko bortizkeriaren tamaina, bortizkeria-tipo desberdinen arteko erlazioak eta nola eragiten dieten emakumeei. Laugarren lekuan, Kolonbiako emakumeen rol desberdinak ikuskatzen dira, bai talde armatu desberdinetako bere parte-hartzeari eragiten dionean, bai gerraren kontrako bere mobilizazio sozialean, armatutako gatazkari dagokionez. Horri buruz Kolonbiako emakume elkarte nagusien genero diskurtsoak gerraren kontra egoteko analizatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19665,2016-11-30,"The goal of this project is to study the behavior of screw connections. In order to achieve this, a basic union, previously modeled with a computer assisted design program (CAD), will be analyzed with a finite elements program. Once this analysis is done, the relations between torque-preload or torque-rotation angle can be obtained. Then, these relations will be compared with the ones from the analytical equations, verifying their accuracy and establishing their applicability limits. Furthermore, during the analysis, some of the parameters can be modified so the effects of these changes can be seen in such formulas.","Lan honetan torlojua loturaz hitz egingo da. Lotura honetako ikerketa honetarako, aldez aurretik ordenagailuz lagundutako diseinu programa batekin elementu mugatuak erabilita analisi bat egingo da. Analisi horri esker, harreman-sorta bat eskuratuko da,hala nola, indar-momentua eta biraketa-momentua. Behin lortuta, bere zehaztasuna eta aplikagarritasuna egiaztatzeko formula analitikoekin konparatuko dira. Era berea, bere eragina ikusteko azterketan zehar zenbait parametro alda daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31471,2019-02-11,"In this work, it introduces a bibliographic investigation in respect to the consequences that children suffer at the age of pre-school education, caused by divorce or separation of the progenitors. In addition, it has been given special attention to the abandonment which sometimes occurs by the father because of these situations, going into detail on the effects of these minors. Also to the way in which the educators and parents, working together and separated, can help the educational process of children. For it, from the field of psychological development, different scientific literature has been specially analyzed based on the objectives of this research.","Lan honetan, ikerketa bibliografiko bat aurkezten da, non gurasoen banaketa eta dibortzioaren eraginez Haur Hezkuntzako adinean dauden umeek pairatzen dituzten ondorioak azaltzen diren. Horrez gain, arreta berezia eman zaio egoera hauek batzuetan ekartzen duten aitaren abandonuari, horrek haurrengan sortzen dituen ondorioetan sakonduz. Gainera, guraso eta irakasleek, elkarrekin zein elkarlanean, ume hauen hezkuntza prozesuan nola lagundu dezaketen ere agertzen da. Horretarako, garapenaren psikologiaren arlotik bereziki literatura zientifikoa aztertu da, ikerketaren helburuen arabera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50176,2021-02-12,"The learning process is more meaningful if the actual materials are used. The task of the school is not only to teach concepts, it is also the best place to transmit different values. Therefore, the purpose of this proposal is for students in the third cycle to practice written and oral skills, but to address gender inequality as a cross-cutting issue. A booklet composed of biographies of different women,in which students can reflect on gender inequality in addition to practicing language skills. To this end, different women have been interviewed about their work, to learn about their lives, to create booklet biographies. In this way, real stories of women have been used to create this booklet to reflect on this ongoing issue.","Ikaskuntza prozesua esanguratsuagoa da benetako materialak erabiltzen badira. Eskolaren zeregina ez da bakarrik kontzeptuak irakastea, horrez gainera, balore desberdinak transmititzeko agertoki aproposena da. Hori dela eta, proposamen honen helburua 3.zikloko ikasleek idatzizko eta ahozko trebetasunak lantzea da, baina genero desberdintasuna zeharkako gai moduan landuz. Emakume desberdinen biografiez osatutako liburuxka bat, non honekin batera jarduera desberdinen bitartez hizkuntza-trebetasunak lantzeaz gainera genero desberdintasunari buruz hausnartu dezakete ikasleek. Horretarako, emakume desberdinei haien lanpostuen inguruan elkarrizketa desberdinak egin zaizkie, haien bizitzak ezagutzeko, liburuxkako biografiak sortzeko. Horrela, emakumeen benetako istorioak erabili ahal izan dira liburuxka hau sortzeko, egun arazo izaten jarraitzen duen gai honen inguruan hausnartu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29446,2018-10-31,"Design of an injection mold for mass production of plastic parts in the automotive sector, certifying the final assembly through a rheological analysis.","Automobilgintza sektorean plastikozko pieza masa ekoizpenarentzako injekzio moldearen diseinua, azken produktua analisi reologikoaren bidez baieztatzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23072,2017-09,"Nowadays technology is part of the daily life of modern society, offering multiple services to users, with endless purposes. Being intelligent telephony the most integrated technology at present, most of the services can be accessed by users using applications installed on these mobile devices, drawing a high mobility and connectivity environment. This scenario coupled with the need for individuals to communicate with their environment, make instant messaging applications the most popular among smart phone users. The wide variety of applications available in the market with this purpose, contrasts with the trend of the end users, presenting a monopolized situation in which the clients with private license are the ones that have a greater presence in the market. In this framework is presented the work in this document, which consists in the analysis of the alternatives available for instant messaging applications, based on the XMPP protocol (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) with free license in Android devices. With this objective, to see the real situation of instant messaging, statistical data related to the habits of use of instant messaging in real users is analysed, as well as data about the state of the most relevant applications in the market. The reason for this statistical study lies in the need to know the parameters that make up the scenario in which the comparative of the various clients is performed, making possible to evaluate their suitability and future integration options in it. Taking into account the above, this document details the technical study performed, and the parameters and procedures used to obtain and analyse them. The obtained data could be used by developers and users, in a way that they facilitate the decision making around the choice of which client adapts better to their interests, on the basis of an empirical and objective analysis.","Gaur egun teknologia gizarte modernoaren eguneroko bizitzaren funtsesko partea da, makina bat serbitzu ezberdin eskainiz erabiltzaileei, helburu anitzekin. Telefonia adimentsua egun integrazio handiena izan duen teknologia da, bere serbitzu gehienak telefono mugikorretan instalatutako aplikazioen bidez erabitzen direla, mugikortasun eta konektibitate handiko egoera faboratuz. Agertoki honek, norbanakoen komunikatzeko beharrarekin batera, bat-bateko mezularitza aplikazioen populartasuna bideratu dute telefonia adimentsuaren erabiltzaileen artean. Aplikazioen merkatuak duen aniztasuna, ez du bat egiten erabiltzaileen joera orokorrarekin ordea, egoera monopolizatu bat aurkeztuz, non lizentzia pribatudun aplikazioak erabiltzaileen gogokoenak agertzen diren. Izaera honetan kokatzen da dokumentu honetan aurkeztutako lana, XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) protokoloa erabiltzen duten Android bat-bateko mezularitza aplikazio eskuragaien analisian oinarritzen dena, aplikazio guzti hauek lizentzia librea dutela. Horretarako, bat-bateko mezularitzaren egiazko egoeraren aztertzen da, benetazko erabiltzaileen erabilpen ohiturei eta merkatuari buruzko datu estadistikoak eskainiz. Azterketa honek gaur egungo egoera baldintzatzen duten parametroak ezagutzen lagunduko du, aplikazio ezberdinen egokitzapen eta etorkizunerako integrazio aukeren ebaluazioa egiteko aukera emanez. Aurrekoa gogoan izanik, dokumentu honetan, gauzatutako ikerketa teknikoa, erabilitako parametro eta prozedurak eta beren analisia aurkezten dira. Gararatzaile eta erabiltzaileek, eskuratutako datuak erabili ahal dituzte, beren beharrei zein aplikazio moldatzen den hobe erabaki-hartze prozesua errazteko, analisi enpiriko eta objektiboan oinarritutako datuak erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50163,2021-02-12,"The feminization of single-parent families has allowed the identification of a social group in full growth. The roles that the patriarchal system itself imposes on women make their situation of lack of protection worse, and opens up new lines of research in relation to the sexist attitudes of these families. This research work has analysed the sexist attitudes in two samples, a normative and random sample of women and women from the Beregain programme. The instrument used was the ASI_A. The results show a greater type of sexism depending on the type of sample (women from the program or random sample women). To conclude, it is necessary to continue studying these sexist attitudes with a group of women and begin to analyze and investigate by including women from single-parent families in new research.","Guraso bakarreko familien feminizazioak hazkunde betean dagoen kolektibo sozial bat identifikatzea ahalbidetu du. Sistema patriarkalak berak emakumeei ezartzen dizkien rolek haien babesgabetasun-egoera larriagotzen dute, eta ikerketa-ildo berriak irekitzen ditu familia horien jarrera sexistei dagokienez. Ikerketa-lan honek Beregain programako bi laginetan aztertu ditu jarrera sexistak, emakumeen lagin arautzaile eta ausazkoan. ASI_A tresna erabili zen. Emaitzek sexismo mota handiagoa erakusten dute lagin motaren arabera (programako emakumeak edo ausazko lagineko emakumeak). Amaitzeko, nabarmendu behar da beharrezkoa dela jarrera sexista horiek emakume-talde batekin aztertzen jarraitzea eta aztertzen eta ikertzen hastea, guraso bakarreko familietako emakumeak ikerketa berrietan sartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16432,2015-12-11,"On this Final Degree Work is going to be made a study of the application of Ada Programming´s Language to Lego Mindstorms NXT Robot. This robots have different applies and are really useful for teaching and investigation. Specifically, using the different tools, packages, drivers... that Ada language provides, with it´s subset Ravenscar, is going to be performed a labyrinth´s design trough books, the robot has to be able to leave it. For programming, resources provided by Ada on GPS program are used, so that it is hoped to purchase a bigger comprehension of the language, including the fortress and weaknesses that this language presents.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Lego Mindstorms NXT-an Ada Programazio Lengoaian Oinarritutako Aplikazioaren ikasketa burutuko da. Robot hauek aplikazio desberdinetan erabiltzen dira eta irakaskuntza eta ikerketa mundurako oso baliagarriak dira. Konkretuki, Ada lengoaiak eta bere Ravenscar profil azpimultzoak dituen erreminta, pakete, driver... baliabide desberdinak erabilita, liburuz diseinatutako labirinto batetik ateratzeko gai den robotaren aplikazioa burutuko da. Programazioa egiteko, GPS programan Ada lengoaiak eskainitako bitartekoak egokituko dira posible den bitartean eta era honetan, lengoaiaren ulermen sakonagoa bereganatzea espero da, aurkezten dituen indar eta ahuleziekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27332,1997,"Racial and xenophobic behaviours are related today to migratory and to political parameters as well as to ideological or religious fluctuations. It’s advisable to wonder if these facts are eroding state foundations in its constitutional aspects, as a social and democratic wellfare state. In this way and once analysed the European Tribunal of Human Rights’jurisprudence about foreigner expel, the text displays the norms elaborated in Spain and the execution of migratory and asylum politics.","Portaera arrazista eta xenofoboan eragina dute gaur egun, migrazioaz eta ordena politikoaz gain, izaera erlijiosoa edo ideologikoa duten higikundeak. Komenigarria izango litzateke pentsatzea Estatuaren oinarriak, Gizarte Estatua, eskubideak bermatzen dituen Estatu Demokratikoa den neurrian, ahultzen ari ote diren ala ez. Aipaturikoa kontuan izanik eta Giza Eskubideen Europar Epaimahaiak atzerritarrak kanporatzeari buruz emandako epaien jurisprudentzia aztertu ondoren, Espainian, inmigrazio eta asilo politika indarrean jartzeko dauden araubideak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25207,2018,"In this essay I have analyzed the poem “Ithaka” written by Konstantinos Kavafis, which is based on the adventures of the epic hero Ulysses. I have also taken into account the symbolic meaning behind the poem and finally, I have given my personal interpretation of it.","Lan honetan Kavafis greziar olerkariaren “Ithaka” poema aztertu dut, Ulises heroi greziarrak pairatutako bizipenak oinarri izanik, eta baita poemaren balio sinbolikoa kontuan hartuz ere. Azkenik, nire interpretazio pertsonal xumea ere eman dut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30494,2018-12-21,"This master Thesis obtained the qualification of 9 over 10 and received the award to the best of the promotion of the Master of Arts and Sciences of the Show in 2011-12. This piece of research attempts to show the importance of the acting direction in cinema and as a consequence to point out its relevance and suitability in the training of cinema students. In the pursuit of that aim there have been researched, the acting systems, the aesthetics of the acting for the screen and the differences between acting for the camera and acting for the stage. In order to propose the implementation of this learning-issue and after some research about the learning theories, this research concludes with the development of a teaching unit about “the acting direction for the camera”, based in problem based learning which is theoretically well-founded in the acting aesthetics of the Invisible Theatre of Augusto Boal and the acting direction based filmmaking method of Mike Leigh.","Ikerketa honen helburua, aktoreen zuzendaritzak zineman daukan garrantzia demostratzea da eta ondorioz, zine eta ikus-entzunezko komunikazio ikasleen formakuntzan izan dezakeen garrantzi eta egokitasuna adierazi. Horretarako ikerketa honen objektu izan dira: interpretazio sistemak, interpretazioaren estetika zineman baita pantailarako interpretazioa eta eszenatokirako interpretazioaren arteko ezberdintasunak ere. Zinema eta ikus-entzunezko komunikazio ikasleen formakuntzan, aktoreen zuzendaritza ikasgaiaren inplementazioa proposatzeko asmoarekin eta ikasketa teoria ezberdinak ikertu ostean, ikerketa honek ondorio gisa, arazoen konponketa bidezko ikasketan oinarritutako “pantailarako aktoreen zuzendaritza” ikasgaiarentzako Unitate Didaktikoa garatzen du. Unitate Didaktiko honen oinarri teoriko nagusiak, Augusto Boal-en Antzerki Ikusezinaren interpretazioaren estetika eta aktoreen zuzendaritzan oinarritzen den Mike Leigh zinegilearen zinegintza metodoa dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54037,2021-11-23,"Jupiter’s atmosphere is very rich in worth studying dinamic structures and its characte- ristic bands form a wide range of zonal velocities in different directions. The most intense Jovian atmospheric jet is located at 23,5°N latitude, reaching eastwards velocities up to 150 ms-1. Is in this very band, called North Temperate Belt (NTB), where several disturbances appear from time to time. These events are known as NTB disturbances. A new study on this type of perturbances is presented in this project. This phenomenon is formed by three convective storms that appeared in 2020 at NTB band in Jupiter.The presence of these planetary scale disturbances spanned from August to October, which means a two months duration. The main aim of the project lies in studying the velocity of the structures formed due to the perturbation motion by analysing images obtained with terrestrial telescopes and, later, apply the Rossby waves model in order to characterise both structure and conditions of propagation. In this project, previous results of 2016 NTB disturbance studies are con rmed and compared, adding a new interpretation, proposed on those studies, based on Rossby waves.","Jupiterren atmosfera, ikertzeko interesgarriak diren egitura dinamikoetan aberatsa da eta haren banda bereizgarriek norantza desberdinetako abiadura zonalen espektro zabala osatzen dute. 23,5°N latitudean intentsitate handieneko jet jobianoa aurkitzen da, 150 ms−1ko abiadurara iristen delarik. Banda zehatz honi Iparraldeko Banda Epela (North Temperate Belt, NTB) deritzo, eta bertan perturbazio berezi batzuk sortzen dira noizean behin, NTB disturbances (NTBD) izenekoak. Mota honetako perturbazioen inguruko azterketa berri bat aurkezten da lan honetan. Aztertuko den perturbazioa 2020. urtean zehar Jupiterren NTB bandan sortu ziren hiru ekaitz konbektiboei dagokie. Eskala planetarioko perturbazio horien presentziak abuztuaren erdialdetik urriaren erdialdera iraun zuen, bi hilabete inguruko bizitza suposatzen duena. Lan honen helburu nagusia lurreko teleskopioen bidez lortutako irudietan oinarrituz perturbazioaren mugimenduaren ondorioz sortutako egituren abiaduraren ikerketan eta haien ondorengo Rossby uhinen bidezko modelizazioan datza, modu horretan haien egitura zein propagazio baldintzak ezaugarritu daitezkelarik. Aurkeztutako lanean 2016. urteko perturbazioarekin lotutako aurretiko ikerketetan lortutako emaitzak berresten dira, proiektuan zehar alderatuko direnak, eta aurreko ikerke- tetan proposatutako azterketa bat gehitzen da: NTBD perturbazioa Rossby uhin moduan ikertzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27323,1997,"The possibilities of intervention in the human genes open doors to the prevention and treatment of serious illness, but also to the fear of their use with racial finalities. The ressurgence of the eugenic thougth in manifestation with racist purposes -absolutely dispproved by the universal consciousness- is put in question. The introduction of the offences of clonation and other methods for the racial selection has a favourable value in the spanish penal Code of 1995 because of its predictable effects facing certain lines of research and experimentation","Gizakion geneetan esku hartzeko aukerek bideak zabaltzen dituzte gaitz larrien aurkako aurrearretarako eta gaitzok sendatzeko, baina aldi berean badago beldurra inork teknika berriok arrazakeriaz erabil ditzan eta eugenesiaren aldeko pentsamendua indarberritu dadin arrazakeriari loturik; kontzientzia unibertsalak guztiz gaitzesten du hori. Espainiako Zigor Kodean 1995ean klonazioa eta arraza-aukeraketako beste prozedura batzuk delitu gisa sartu izana ongi baloratu behar da, ikerkuntza eta esperimentazioko zenbait bideren aurkako aurreneurria delako" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42099,2020-03-11,"There is an educational centre in Guatemala, a non-profit centre which at the moment is going through the most critical and unstable situation since it opened its doors in 2003. Its name is “Casa de Esperanza Institute”; it belongs to the Association ACOHI (Association Civil Ochoch Hik ' ee'k) and offers secondary education to young indigenous people from the rural area of the Petén department, thus covering the gap left by the Government in its public education system. For years the project has been financed by several entities, and in the beginning, the students also paid a minimum fee. However, after the cessation of economic aid, the student fee has increased, causing the abandonment of students due to the impossibility of payment. At present, the financial deficit in which Casa de Esperanza is immersed threatens the possibility of going ahead, leaving the rural youth without access to education. And so, during this scenario, this Final Degree Project is located. It was born with the aim of developing a proposal for improvement that guarantees the viability, stability and continuity of the educational centre. Through an external and internal analysis, the weaknesses, threats, strengths and opportunities of the association will be identified, and then, the SWOT Matrix will be created. Later, funding sources will be expanded, and a scholarship program will be launched for the neediest students, generating extra income and a reduction of expenses in some budgetary items. The most successful result has been the granting of a grant requested by the author herself, which has allowed the installation of solar panels at the Casa de Esperanza Institute.","Guatemalan, irabazi asmorik gabeko ikastetxe batek bere egoerarik kritiko eta ezegonkorrena bizi du 2003an bere ateak zabaldu zituenetik. ACOHI (Asociación Civil Ochoch Hik’ee’k) erakundeak kudeatutako Casa de Esperanza Institutua da, Peten departamentuko nekazal eremuko gazte indigenei bigarren hezkuntza eskaintzen diena, Gobernuak bere hezkuntza publikoan duen gabezia bat estaliz. Urtetan zehar proiektua hainbat elkartek diruz hornitu dute, eta, hasieran, ikasleek kuota minimoa ordaintzen zuten, baina, diru laguntzak kendu zizkietenetik ikasleen kuota handitu egin da, horrek, ordaindu ezin duten ikasleek ikasketak uztera behartu ditu. Gaur egun, Casa de Esperanzak duen diru defizitak aurrera jarraitzea mehatxatzen du, horrek, berarekin dakarren arazoarekin, nekazal guneko gazteak hezkuntzarako aukera gabe uztea. Giro horretan kokatzen da ikastetxearen bideragarritasuna, egonkortasuna eta jarraikortasuna ziurtatzeko hobekuntzak proposatzea helburu duen Gradu Amaierako Lan hau. Barne eta kanpo analisi baten bitartez, elkartearen ahuleziak, mehatxuak, indarguneak eta aukerak aztertuko dira, eta, ondoren, DAFO-AMIA Matrizea sortuko da. Beranduago, finantzazio iturriak handituko dira eta behar handiena duten ikasleentzako beka programa bat jarriko da martxan, horrela, diru sarrerak handitzeaz gain, aurrekontuaren hainbat ataletan gastuak gutxitzea lortuko da. Emaitzarik onena, egileak berak eskatutako diru-laguntza bat jasotzea izan da, horrek, Casa de Esperanzan eguzki-panelak jartzea ahalbidetu du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14088,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: This work shows the importance of reading in the people´s integral development. In the same way, in our opinion, the promotion of reading in school is basic from Nursery Education. In our work, we assume that school has a specific place which has all the resources to encourage the habit of reading: the school library. For our research, we have approached a school in Amorebieta (Bizkaia) with the intention of finding out if the operation in school libraries is done following the correct models, which are considered appropriates from the perspective of the literature specialized in this field.","LABURPENA: Lan honetan irakurketak pertsonaren garapen integralean duen garrantzia ikusten da. Halaber, eskolan irakurketa Haur Hezkuntzatik sustatzea funtsezko bezala kontsideratzen dugu. Gure lanaren suposizioa, irakurtzeko ohitura sustatzeko beharrezkoa den guztia duen gune bat edukitzea da: eskola-liburutegia. Ikerketa lan honetarako Zornotzako ikastetxe batera hurbildu gara, eskola-liburutegien funtzionamendua, literatura zientifikoak aipatzen dituen funtzionamendu-arauekin bat datorren egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25367,1999,"Concern is expressed towards the defense of fundamental rights and it is considered indispensable to introduce a popular culture in which the protection of human rights appears as something essential, keeping in mind the principles of proportionality and legality when applaying this rights in trial.","Oinarrizko eskubideen gerizapenagatik ardura adierazten da eta ezinbestekoa uste izaten da herri kultur bat sartzea, zeinean giza eskubideen gerizapena funtsezkoa izan dadin, proportzionaltasun eta legetasunaren oinarriak kontutan izanez beti justiziaren aurrean eskubide hauek balioerazteko unean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29243,2018-10-23,"In this project it´s done the calculation and design of the transmission of 6 speed vehicle, equipped with front engine and rear drive. The mechanical system that is designed is composed of several elements: the clutch, the gearbox, the transmission shaft and the differential. In this project there are not mechanisms such as forks (elements that serve to change gears) or elements that are responsible for transmitting power to the wheels.","Hurrengo proiektuan sei abiaduratako ibilgailu baten kalkulua eta diseinua burutuko da. Horretarako, atzeko trakzioa eta aurreko motorra duela hartu behar da kontutan. Diseinatutako sistema mekanikoa hainbat elementuz osaturik dago: enbragea, abiadura-kaxa, trasmixio ardatza eta diferentziala. Proiektu honetan ez daude ez urkilak (martxak aldatzeko balio duten elementuak) ezta gurpilei potentzia emateaz arduratuko den mekanismorik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72804,2024-06-28,"The social and legal problems posed by gestational surrogacy raises many questions in law. In this paper we will focus on the branch of Criminal Law and the little intervention it has on this issue in our Spanish legal system. We will examine the current regulation of this controversial phenomenon, as well as we will debate on the feasibility of allowing or regulating this legal figure in Spain. Should surrogacy be prohibited and, if so, does it deserve to be punished by the Penal Code or, on the contrary, has the time come for Spain to agree on a regulatory framework that approves and controls these events? In the next pages we will give answers to these questions.","Ordezkapen bidezko haurdunaldiak planteatzen dituen arazo sozial eta juridikoak hainbat galdera sortzen ditu Zuzenbidean. Lan honetan, Zuzenbide Penalaren adarrari erreparatuko diogu, eta baita Espainiako ordenamendu juridikoan gai horri buruz duen esku-hartze eskasari ere. Hain eztabaidagarria den fenomeno horren egungo erregulazioa aztertuko dugu, Espainian figura juridiko hori ahalbidetzearen edo erregulatzearen bideragarritasunari buruz eztabaidatuko dugun bezala. Debekatu egin behar al da ordezpen bidezko haurdunaldia? Eta, kasu horretan, merezi al du Zigor Kodeak zigortzea? Edo, aitzitik," https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23091,2017-09,"This work explains the operation of the Service Orchestration methodology, focusing on two of its features: the automation of the deployment of applications on remote servers, and the management and configuration of virtualized environments. The most widespread tools within this scope will be presented and the operation of two of them will be analyzed: Vagrant and Capistrano.","Lan honen helburua Zerbitzuen Koordinazio metodologia azaltzea da, bi ezaugarri garrantzitsuen inguruan bereizten: urruneko zerbitzarietan aplikazioen desplegaketaren automatizazioa, eta inguru birtualizatuen kudeaketa eta hauen konfigurazioaren antolaketa. Inguru honetan gehien erabiltzen diren aplikazioak azalduko dira eta hurrengo bi aplikazioen funtzionamendua aztertuko da: Vagrant eta Capistrano." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16286,2015-12-01,"This report develops the design of a white water kayak carrying system in different characteristic wilderness landscapes. For that, different models will be examinated. After determining the different features that the system requires the proceed to design will start. Setting of the first dessign, the model will arrive to the last design across diferent stages of product developement. Once this is determinated, a prototype will be crated to analyze the need for recent improvements. All this will be based different mathematic calculations that ensure the lack of system failure. The data necessary for the completion of the final design will be given.","Ur bizietako piraguak edonolako ingurune basatietan garraiatzeko sistema baten diseinua garatuko du txosten honek. Horretarako dagoeneko existitzen diren modeloei erreparatuko zaie. Sistemak bete behar dituen ezaugarriak erabaki ondoren, diseinuari ekingo zaio. Hasierako ideietatik abiatuz amaierako diseinura iritsi arte fintze etapa ezberdinak burutuko dira. Haietariko azkenean, sortutako prototipoa aztertuko da azken hobekuntza batzuen beharra ebaluatzeko. Guzti hau, sistemak huts egingo ez duela bermatzen duten kalkuluetan oinarrituz egingo da. Azken diseinua sortzeko beharrezko neurriak zehaztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16351,2015-12-04,"The main objective of this bachelor thesis is to analyse and compare generator and power transformer low impedance differential protections. With this purpose in mind, their main characteristics will be explained in a theoretical way and simulations will be carried out with Matlab’s SimPowerSystems inner module.","GAL honen helburu nagusia sorgailu eta potentzia eraldaitzaile elektrikoen behe-independantzia-diferentzialen funtzionamendua aztertzea eta alderatzea da. Horretarako, bere ezaugarri nagusiak teorikoki zehatuzko dira eta Matlab-eko SimPowerSystems moduluarekin simulaketak burutuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45248,2020-07-09,"ENGLISH In this final degree project, it is carried out the design of an electric smart microgrid in the Campus of the University of the Basque Country located in Leioa. In order to achieve this, there have been taken into account different procedures, design parameters and calculations, as well as the current regulations and legislation (for example, the low voltage electrotechnical regulation and the building technical code). In the same way, the installations that integrate the electric microgrid have had been adapted to the present structures of the Campus. The main purpose of the microgrid is to supply energy to electric vehicle charge points using the renewable energy generated by a solar photovoltaic plant. Later, this energy will be conducted to the charge points. With the objective of maintaining the generated energy supply, a battery bank will be installed to gather the energy that it is not used at the moment. In this situation, if an excess energy situation occurs, it will be driven for self-consumption, in order to supply the Campus energy needs. The connection with the Campus electrical grid will be performed with a transformer located in the transformation center of the Social Sciences and Communication faculty. All the energy flow will be managed by the exchange of information between the different elements of the microgrid using the Modbus RS485 protocol. Finally, a simulation was carried out using the HOMER Pro software. By this simulation, it has been shown the technological an economic viability of an electric microgrid that integrates two different types of renewable resources (wind and solar).","EUSKERA Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan mikrosare elektriko adimendun baten diseinua gauzatzen da Euskl Herriko Unibertsitateko Leioako Campusean. Horretarako beharrezkoak diren jarraibide, diseinu irizpide eta kalkuluak gauzatu dira, beti ere indarrean dagoen araudia kontutan izanda (Behe Tentsioko Erregelamendu Elektroteknikoa edota Eraikingintzaren Kode Teknikoa besteak beste). Era berean, mikrosarea osatzen duten instalazioak dagoeneko Campusean dauden egituretara moldatu behar izan da. Mikrosarearen helburua ibilgailu elektrikoen karga puntuak hornitzea da, honetarako parke fotovoltaiko batek jatorri berriztagarriko energia fotovoltaikoa ekoiztuko du. Geroago, energia hau ibilgailu elektrikoen karga puntuetara bideratuko dela. Energia hornikuntzaren fidagarritasuna bermatzeko, gehiegizko energia metatuko duen bateria banku bat instalatuko da. Energiaren fluxu hau kudeatzeaz Modbus RS485 protokoloaren bidezko komunikazio sare bat izango da. Hau eta gero, energia soberakinik egotekotan, hau autokontsumorako erabiliko da Gizarte eta Komunikazio Zientzien Fakultatearen transformazio zentroko transformadorearekin egindako konexioaren bitartez. Azkenik, HOMER Pro simulazio programaren bidezko simulazio bat gauzatu da. Bertan energia berriztagarri sorgailu mota bi (eolikoa eta fotovoltaikoa) integratzen dituen mikrosare elektriko baten diseinua eta simulazioa egin da egitura mota hauen bideragarritasun ekonomiko eta teknologikoa frogatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31755,2019-02-28,"The creation of the Ikastola at the beginning of the twentieth century, entailed the necessity of teaching material in Basque. To answer that request, the basque writer Esteban Urkiaga, Lauaxeta (1905-1937) wrote same fables directed to children and teenagers. The presented project´s aim is to analyse the nine fables that Lauaxeta published. Through this analysis three different fables have been distinguished: the ones that approach to the popular lyrical poetry, the ones in support of the basque national ideology and the ones created as teaching material, exclusively for schools. The utility of these in education has been investigated through the study of literary narration, characters, morals and ideological features. The Basque language which the writer uses in the fables, the representation of abstract realities through symbolic characters, the treatment of topics which are incorrect nowadays and the national ideological messages that are implied, are the most relevant results. Therefore, it has been concluded that the fables mentioned before are not suitable nowadays. In consequence of applying the fable in the learning process, the Soundpainting technic has been proposed.","XX. mende hasierako lehendabiziko Ikastolen sorrerarekin batera, euskaraz idatzitako material didaktikoaren beharra sortzen da. Eskari horri erantzuteko xedearekin, Esteban Urkiaga, Lauaxeta, (1905-1937) euskal idazleak haur eta gazteentzako hainbat alegia idatzi zituen. Ikerketa-lan honen funtsa Lauaxetak argitaratu zituen bederatzi alegiak aztertzea izan da. Azterketa horren bitartez, hiru alegia mota bereizi dira: herri literaturara hurbilpena burutzen dutenak, euskal ideologia nazionalistaren alde aritzen direnak eta eskoletarako, espresuki, material didaktiko gisa sortutakoak. Hezkuntzarako horien aplikagarritasuna narrazio literarioaren, pertsonaien, moralejen eta zantzu ideologikoen azterketaren bitartez ikertu da. Idazleak baliatzen duen euskara zailak, errealitate abstraktu jakinen irudikapena diren pertsonaia sinbolikoak, gaur egun politikoki zuzenak ez diren gaien trataerak eta aditzera ematen diren mezu ideologiko nazionalistak izan dira emaitzarik aipagarrienak. Hortaz, gaurkotasunean, alegiok aplikaezinak direla ikusi da. Ondorioz, alegia ikas-irakas prozesuan txertatzeko bidean, Soundpainting teknikaren proposamena aurkeztu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67635,2024-05-07,"Social networks are very useful tools that provide a wealth of information about the power of the actors in each area and about their behaviour according to their relationships. This project focuses on studying the concept of social network, understanding its functioning and learning the basic notions about Social Network Analysis, therefore, different definitions prevailing in the subject will be shown throughout the paper. In addition, to conclude the work, in order to ensure understanding of the subject, an analysis of a real case is carried out, specifically the analysis of the Spanish airport network, in order to deepen the concepts learned throughout the project.","Sare sozialak informazio ugari ematen dute aktoreek arlo bakoitzean duten botereari buruz eta baita haien harremanen arabera duten portaerari buruz. Lan honen ardatza sare sozialaren kontzeptua aztertzea, haren funtzionamendua ulertzea eta Sare Sozialen Analisiari buruzko oinarrizko nozioak ikastea da. Beraz, lanean zehar, gai horretan nagusitzen diren hainbat definizio azalduko dira. Gainera, gaia ulertzen dela ziurtatzeko, Espainiako aireportu-sarearen azterketa burutzen da, lanean zehar ikusitako kontzeptuak sakonduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23196,2017-07,"A large part of the joints between structural elements are made by welding, which must be characterized correctly to analyze their behavior under different load conditions. The project models the most common types of welded joints and enables to carry out their resistance calculation easily. A parametric spreadsheet is developed in the Excel program for each of them, allowing to premeasure the weld throat(s). Therefore, geometric characteristics of the pieces to be joined and the loads to which they are subjected are considered.","Egituretan erabiltzen diren elementuen arteko loturen zati handi bat soldadura bidez gauzatzen da, zeinak, era egoki batean karakterizatu behar diren haien portaera aztertzeko karga ezberdinen menpean. Proiektuak soldatutako lotura erabilienak modelizatzen ditu eta haien kalkulu erresistentea era errez batean egitea ahalbidetzen du. Excel programaren bitartez, kasu bakoitzeko orri parametriko bat gauzatzen da, soldadura kordoi(ak) aurre-dimentsionatzeko asmoarekin. Horretarako, lotuko diren piezen ezaugarri geometrikoak eta jasandako kargak hartuko dira kontuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29266,2018-10-23,"English In this document the use of 2-Methylfuran (2-MF) as a solvent for the hydrogenation of Furfural (FUR) to Furfuryl Alcohol (FOL) is presented, in order to engage the increasing demand of products whose raw materials are fossil products, being the latest non-renewable. Therefore, experiments are carried on in order to find the optimum temperature, optimum catalyst and to check the reproducibility of the experiments keeping in mind the techno-economic feasibility. This way, a process that will help the FUR separation stage and the FOL purification stage is achieved.","Euskara Dokumentu honetan 2-Metilfuranen (2-MF) erabilera disolbatzaile bezala proposatzen da, Furfuralaren (FUR) hidrogenazioa Furfuril alkohola lortzeko aurkezten da, lehengaiak baliabide fosilak dituzten produktuen eskaera gero eta handiagoa, aurre egiteko, azken hau berriztagarria ez izanda. Ondorioz, esperimentuak gauzatzen dira, tenperatura optimoa eta katalizatzaile optimoa aurkitzeko, eta esperimentuen errepikagarritasuna egiaztatzeko bideragarritasun tekno-ekonomikoa gogoan izanda. Horrela, FURen bereizketa prozesuaren eta FOLen xahupen prozesuaren samurketa lortzen duen prozesu bat gauzatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58192,2022-10-26,"Drug use has always been present in our society, where, over time, it has been used in different ways. However, today it has become a problem, due to the negative consequences caused by the consumption of these psychoactive substances. It has become a phenomenon that greatly affects young people, because it is in adolescence when a large number of people start using drugs, and if a habit is acquired, this use can lead to an abuse and later an addiction. For this reason, this work presents general issues about drugs, the risk factors that promote their use, the different models that explain the beginning and the progress of the consumption of psychoactive substances, as well as the different consequences of drug use, as is the commission of crimes. All this, aimed at the development of an investigation, with which it is intended to study in more detail the perception of risk on the consumption of drugs of young people between 18 and 27 years old in the Basque Country, and analyze the relationship that this has in the beginning and frequency of consumption of different drugs. Understanding the perception of risk as a concept formed of variables such as social perception, the expected negative consequences of consumption, the information available about these substances, the attitude towards consumption and the reasons for consuming.","Drogen kontsumoa beti egon da presente gure gizartean, eta denboran zehar hainbat modutan erabili izan da. Hala ere, gaur egun arazo bihurtu da substantzia psikoaktibo horien kontsumoak eragiten dituen ondorio negatiboengatik eta neurri handi batean gazteei eragiten die; izan ere, nerabezaroan hasten dira pertsona asko drogak kontsumitzen, eta ohitura hartuz gero, erabilera horrek abusua eragin dezake, eta, geroago, mendekotasuna. Horregatik, lan honek drogen inguruko gai orokorrak aztertzen ditu: drogen inguruko gai orokorrak, drogen erabilera sustatzen duten arrisku-faktoreak, substantzia psikoaktiboen kontsumoaren hasiera eta garapena azaltzen duten ereduak eta substantzia psikoaktiboen erabileraren ondorioak delituak egitea. Lan honetan aurekezten dena Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko 18 eta 27 urte bitarteko gazteek drogen kontsumoari buruz duten arrisku-pertzepzioan sakontzeko eta drogak kontsumitzen hastean eta drogen maiztasunean duten harremana aztertzeko ikerketa bat garatzera bideratuta dago. Arriskuaren pertzepzioa kontzeptu bat da, eta hainbat aldagaik elkar-eragiten dute, hala nola gizarte-pertzepzioak, kontsumoaren ondorio negatiboak, substantzia horiei buruz izaten den informazioak, kontsumoarekiko jarrerak eta kontsumitzeko arrazoiak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24230,2017-09,"The project that contains this document is a proposal with the size of an isolated solar-photovoltaic installation on the Engineering School from Bilbao (ESB). The objective of this project is the design of a system that could make the electrical department of the School become energetically independent. For the realization of the project, there will be used the computer program Microsoft Excel and the database of the PVGIS webpage. Finally, calculations will be done following the steps of the “The worst month” method.","Dokumentu honek Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan (BIE) sare elektrikotik deskonektatuta dagoen instalazio solar-fotovoltaiko baten neurriak ditu. Proiektu honen helburua eskolaren ingeniaritza elektrikoaren departamenduari independentzia energetikoa eskainiko dion sistema baten diseinua da. Instalazioaren kalkuluak egiteko, Microsoft Excel programa informatikoa eta PVGIS webgunearen datu-basea erabili egingo dira. Azkenik, erabiliko den metodoari “Hilabeterik txarrena” deritzo." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58274,2022-11-08,"Legal analysis on the protection of the rights to privacy and honour of victims of gender-based violence. The conceptualization of the rights to privacy and honour, as well as the protection granted by the Spanish Constitution and other Spanish laws, will be analyzed in doctrinal and jurisprudential terms. In addition, violations of the rights to privacy and honour of victims of genderbased violence will be discussed, both in the media and in social networks.","Genero indarkeriaren biktimen intimitate eta ohore eskubideen babesari buruzko azterketa juridikoa. Intimitate eta ohore eskubideen kontzeptualizazioa doktrinalki eta jurisprudentzialki aztertuko da, baita Espainiar Konstituzioak eta gainerako espainiar legeek ematen dioten babesa ere. Aipatutakoaz gain, bai komunikabideetan bai sare sozialetan eman daitezkeen genero indarkeria pairatzen duten biktimen intimitate eta ohore eskubideen urraketak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26307,1988,"This article contains a brief biographical sketch of Huarte de San Juan, harbinger of Differential Psychologi, subsequently explains the most important psychological ideas of the ""Examen de Ingenios para las Ciencias"" (""Inquiry on Talents for Sciences""). Finally, it analyses types of different professions just as they appear on Huarte's work.","Artikuluak, Huarte de San Juan, psikologia diferentzialaren aintzindaria zenaren bizitzaren berri-laburra ematen du. Segidan, ""Zientzietarako jeinuen Azterketa"" buruzko ideia psikologiko garrantzitsuenak agertuko, azkenik, zenbait lanbideren tipologiak Huarteren lanetan dauden daudenean ikertuko dituelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24323,2014,"the consolidation of the end of ETA’s terrorist activity has opened a new time for the Basque society. nevertheless the effects of the victimization will remain requiring a particular care from the public institutions, whose efforts should be now focused on truth, and against oblivion and impunity. Obviously the victimization generated by ETA has deserved the most important attention, due to its own features, extension and political meaning. Justice requires however facing other serious breaches of human rights that have also taken place and whose victims have equally a full right to truth, justice and integral reparation. the distances between both phenomena are very important from a criminological and victimological point of view and justify applying a specific instrument for this purpose: the approval by the Basque Parliament of an act of prevention of torture and ill treatment and of integral reparation of the victims of abuse of power.","ETAko ekintza terroristen amaieran konsolidatzeak, euskal gizartean, zalantzarik gabe, eszenatoki berri bat irekitzen du. Erakunde publikoek, denboran zehar iraunduko duten sortutako biktimizaioaren ondorioei arreta berezia eskaini beharko diete, egia argitzeko eta ahanzturaren eta zigorgabetasunaren kontra borrokatzeko asmoz. Ezaugarrien, luzapenaren eta esanahi politikoaren ikuspegitik, ETAk sortutako biktimizazioek arreta berezia jaso duten heinean, funtzionario publikoek eragindako edo onartutako giza eskubideen aurkako arau-hausteei aurre egitea eskatu egiten da Justiziaren izenean, biktima mota guzti hauek egia argitzeko, Justiziarako eta konponketa osorako eskubide berdina dute eta. Bi fenomemo biktimologiko hauen artean dauden desberdintasun kriminologiko eta biktimologikoek, azkeneko biktimizazio mota honi aurre egiteko, tresna zehatza bat galdatzen dute: Euskal Legebiltzarrean, tortura eta tratu txarrak prebenitzeko eta, era berean, boterezko abusuzko biktima hauen kalte-ordainak konpotzeko Lege bat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25018,2007,"Within the framework of the International Congresses of Penal Law, the International Association of Penal Law has been concerned with the most worrying criminal phenomena in the globalized world, offering a set of resolutions with specific proposals for each one. With a general character, face to the increasing risk of generalizing a penal cooperation exclusively developed according to punitive criteria and to the citizen security, the AIDP continues advocating the need to form and reinforce a culture of a collective criminal justice, so necessary for a stable and effective collaboration.","Zuzenbide Penaleko nazioarteko kongresuen esparruan, Zuzenbide Penaleko Nazioarteko Elkarteak mundu globalizatuan ardura gehien sortzen duten gertakari kriminalei buruz dihardu, ebazpen multzoa eskainiz bakoitzarentzako egokiak diren berezko proposamenekin. Orokorki, eta zigortze irizpide eta hiritarren segurtasunarekin soilik gidatutako lankidetza penalaren arriskuari aurre egiteko, ZPNE-ak zuzenbide penaleko lankidetzaren kulturaren sorkuntza eta sendotasunaren beharra agertzen digu, hau gabe ezin baita lankidetasun eraginkorra eta iraunkorra mantendu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64613,2012-11-30,"In this article the literary characters appearing in the novel Koaderno gorria are examined, together with the relationship network created between them. The aspects taken into ac-count include the following: narrative voices; character identities and the communication between them; relations between characters, memory and the writing process; the symbolic use of the colour red; and, finally, the connection with the literary myth of Penelope.","Artikulu honetan Koaderno gorria nobelako pertsonaia literario femeninoak aztertzen dira, eta baita horien artean sorturiko harreman­sarea ere. Kontuan hartuko ditugun alder-diak honako hauek izango dira: ahots narratiboak; pertsonaien nortasuna eta haien arteko komunikazioa; pertsonaien, memoriaren eta idazketaren arteko harremanak; kolore gorria-ren erabilera sinbolikoa; eta azkenik, Peneloperen mito literarioarekiko lotura" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64217,2020-10-10,"This paper analyses the emergence of the Old Western Basque dialect. It focuses on the issue of since when can it be differentiated, and what features can be used to establish it. For that purpose, I have analysed the lexical variants and loss of aspiration mentioned by some researchers, and I have concluded that their value is weak for dialectal classifications. However, I show that the dissimilation a + a > ea related to the definite article meets the standards for differentiating a dialect, and I present a detailed study of it. More generally, I also reflect on the wide extension of the Old Western Basque, Vitoria-Gasteiz as a focus and the diffusion models applicable to the Middle Ages","Lan honetan Mendebaleko Euskara Zaharra dut aztergai; zehazki, noiztik bereiz daitekeen berau eta zein ezaugarriren bidez egin daitekeen bereizketa hori. Zenbait ikertzailek aipatutako aldaera lexikoak eta hasperenaren galera aztertuta, sailkapen dialektal nagusietarako balio apala dutela ondorioztatu dut, eta horiek erabiltzea irizpide ahula dela. Aitzitik, artikulu definituari lotutako a + a > ea disimilazio morfonologikoak bestelako baldintzak betetzen dituela erakusten dut, eta horren azterketa aurkeztu. Azterketa horrek, hain zuzen, aukera eman dit hausnarketa eta proposamenak egiteko Mendebaleko Euskara Zaharraren hedaduraz, Gasteizen foku-izaeraz eta Erdi Aroko difusio-ereduez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72341,2024-06-28,"This work clarifies what the principle of good administration is and, in particular, explains the ex officio implementation of the principle by the Administration. Although the principle is not included in our legal texts, it is implicitly the most present principle. Anchored in European Community Law, this new paradigm guides the proper functioning of Administrations and guarantees the rights and guarantees of citizens. In recent years, the Supreme Court's rulings have been giving the importance it deserves to the principle since it is positioned in favor of the interested parties, that is, the citizens. For this reason, the scope of application will be determined ex officio in the activity of the Administration, specifically, of the Tax Administrations.","Lan honetan adminstrazio onaren printzipioa zer den argitzen da, eta bereziki, Administrazioaren aldetik printzipioaren ofiziozko jarduera azalduko da. Nahiz eta printzipioa ez dagoen gure lege testuetan jasoa inplizituki presenteen dagoen printzipioa da. Aingura Europa erkidegoko Zuzenbidean du eta paradigma berri honek Administrazioen funtzionamendu egokia bideratzen du herritarrei eskubide zein bermeak bermatzearekin batera. Azken urteotan Auzitegi Gorenaren epaietan printzipioari merezi duen garrantzia ematen ari zaio interesdunen, hau da, herritarren alde egiten baitu. Horregatik zehazki Zerga-Administrazioen jardueran ofiziozko aplikazio eremua zehazteari ekingo zaio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67754,2024-05-08,"The influence of gender socialization can be found in all areas of a person's life, including their sexuality. Therefore, this study aims to analyze how gender socialization and its effects (such as gender stereotypes and roles, sexism, etc.) influence people's sexuality, and consequently, the consumption and demand of pornography and prostitution. In addition to consulting current literature, a study has been carried out involving 124 persons, of which 69.4% were women, 29% men, and 1.6% non-binary people. Among the results, it has been confirmed that the gender socialization process has an unequal impact on men and women. However, in future research, the influence of this process should be further investigated.","Genero-sozializazioaren eragina pertsona baten bizitzako eremu guztietan aurki daiteke, eta horien artean, honen sexualitatean. Horregatik, azterlan honen helburua genero-sozializazioak eta honen ondorioek (genero-estereotipoak eta rolak, sexismoa, etab.) pertsonen sexualitatean duten eragina aztertzea da, eta, beraz, pornografiaren eta prostituzioaren kontsumoan eta eskaeran. Horretarako, indarrean dagoen literatura kontsultatzeaz gain, ikerketa bat burutu da 124 parte-hartzaileekin; horietatik %69,4 emakumeak izan dira, %29 gizonak eta %1.6 pertsona ez-bitarrak. Emaitzen aldetik, genero-sozializazio prozesuak gizonengan eta emakumeengan eragin desberdina duela baieztatu dela aipagarria da; hala ere, etorkizuneko ikerketei begira, prozesu honen inpaktua ikertzen jarraitu beharko litzateke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37062,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the design and dimensioning of a photovoltaic installation for self-consumption with architectural integration for a single-family house isolated from the grid has been approached in this End of Degree Assignment. Starting from the location data of the house, a basic climatological study has been carried out thanks to the PVSyst software in which the solar irradiation data and Peak Sun Hours (PSH) have been obtained for different orientations and inclinations. Subsequently, a general diagram of the designed installation and a brief explanation of the operation of the different components seen in the diagram have been presented. Once the system and the climatology of the area have been presented, an estimate have been made of the consumption of the dwelling object of this study and from all these data the photovoltaic installation have been dimensioned, starting with the photovoltaic panels, and then continuing with the accumulation system, the regulator, the inverter and the wiring. Once the characteristics defining these elements have been obtained, they have been characterized by presenting the brands and models chosen, and a budgeting has been carried out for both the technical memory carried out and the installation designed. Within the framework of the organization of this project, a series of tasks and sub-tasks have been defined which outline the process of design and dimensioning of the installation and the preparation of this document, together with initial and real estimated times, thus giving shape to the Gantt diagram of this End of Degree Assignment. Once the design and sizing of the photovoltaic installation has been completed, the project planning and budget are shown, dividing the costs according to whether they belong to human resources, tools used in the elaboration of the Final Degree Project or materials and components of the installation designed. Finally, the conclusions of the Final Degree Project have been indicated from a technical and personal point of view.","Laburpena: gradu amaierako lan honetan (TFG hemendik aurrera) familia bakarrerako etxebizitzarentzako instalazio fotovoltaiko baten diseinu eta dimentsionatua garatzen da, sare elektrikotik isolatuta dagoena eta integrazio arkitektonikoarekin. Hasteko, etxebizitzaren kokapen datuetatik abiatuta oinarrizko estudio klimatologikoa egin da, PVSyst softwarea erabilita, eguzki-erradiazio datuak eta eguzki ordu pikoak aztertuta, orientazio eta inklinazio desberdinetarako. Gero, instalazioaren eskema orokor bat landu da, bai eta eskema horretan agertutako osagai desberdinen funtzionamenduaren azalpen laburra. Behin sistema eta eskualdearen klimatologiak aurkeztuta, etxebizitzaren kontsumoaren estimazio arrazoitua landu da; datu hauetatik aurrera, plaka fotovoltaikoengatik hasiz, instalazio fotovoltaikoa dimentsionatzeari ekin zaio, metaketa-sistemarekin, erreguladorearekin, inbertitzailearekin eta kableatuarekin jarraituta. Instalazioko elementuak definitzen dituzten ezaugarriak aztertuta, aukeratutako modeloak aurkeztu dira eta horietan oinarrituta proiektuaren aurrekontua garatu da. Alde batetik, memoria teknikoaren ingurukoa eta beste alde batetik dimentsionamenduarena. Proiektu honen antolaketaren aldetik, Gantt diagrama burutu da. Proiektua atazatan eta azpi-atazatan banatu da, diseinua eta dimentsionamendu-prozesua eskematikoki laburbilduko dutenak. Gantt diagramaren bitartez proiektuaren diseinu eta dimentsionamendua denboran mugatu da. Bukatzeko, kostu ekonomikoa aztertzen da. Alde batetik giza-baliabideak eta memoria teknikoa garatzeko kostua, eta beste aldetik aukeratutako materialen kostua. Azkenik TFGan proeiktua garatzeak eragiten dituen ondorioak idatzi dira, ikuspuntu tekniko zein pertsonaletik landuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60857,2023-04-21,"The main objective of this research was to analyze, through a qualitative methodology, the reasons, barriers and habits of young women living in rural Gipuzkoa to perform recreational physical activity. For this, feminist approaches and the socioecological model were taken as a theoretical basis. The research was carried out through a group discussion and an in-depth questionnaire. After studying the causes, most mentioned doing it with friends or in company. In addition, it was mentioned that they used it as a means to achieve body stereotypes imposed by society. Regarding the barriers, previous experiences with physical activity, the lack of availability of resources and a varied offer, among others, were mentioned. As a conclusion, they mentioned that the fact that rural women had a varied offer near their places of residence would cause an increase in their level of physical activity.","Ikerlan honen helburu nagusia, metodologia kualitatiboaren bidez, Gipuzkoako landa eremuan bizi diren emakume gazteek aisialdiko jarduera fisikoa egiteko dituzten arrazoiak, oztopoak eta azturak aztertzea izan zen. Horretarako ikuspegi feministak eta eredu sozioekologikoa hartu ziren oinarri teoriko gisa. Ikerketa talde eztabaida baten eta sakontzeko galdeketa baten bitartez egin zen. Arrazoiak aztertua, gehienek lagunekin edo konpainian egitea aipatu zuten. Horrez gain, gizarteak inposatzen dituzten gorputz estereotipoak lortzeko bide bezala erabiltzen zutela aipatu zen. Oztopoei dagokienez, jarduera fisikoarekin aurretik izandako esperientziak, baliabideen eskuragarritasun eta eskaintza anitzaren falta aipatu ziren, besteak beste. Ondorioz, landa eremuko emakumeek haien bizilekuetatik gertu eskaintza anitz bat izateak haien jarduera fisiko maila igotzea eragingo luke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25487,1997,"The delinquency prevention in Spain has begun with the Autonomous Communities, by means of their structures of welfare, to attend, especially, to the children in risk. The weight of the Public management in the matter of prevention is based on the Centers of minors, being in fact the priority institutional response facing the social nonintegration. But the work with these minors requires some models of structured acting and a program of educative intervention.","Espainian delitugintza aurrearretaz tratatzea Autonomi Erkidegoen ekimena izan da, arriskuan dauden haurren kasuan arreta berezia ezartzen duten ongizate egituren bidez alegia. Aurrearretaren alorrean herri kudeaketaren erantzukizuna adingabekoentzako zentruetan dago eta de facto hori da erakundeetan gizarte mailako egokitzapen ezaren alorrean lehentasuna duen erantzuna. Baina adingabeko horiekin egiten den lanak jarduteko bide egituratua eta hezkuntzazko eskuhartzeko egitaraua eskatzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23272,2017-07,"The paper introduced here has been carried out in the telecommunications’ operator Euskaltel S.A. This project has been produced for a client of pre-school education with more than 200 centres. In a context of growth and expansion of the services, the client considers the need of improving the data and voice network to give a centralized service in all the centres. That is the reason why the main objective of this investigation is the design and the implementation of its data and voice network. It is achieved throughout a 3rd level MPLS network (MultiProtocol Label Switching) and a CVE system (Centralita Virtual de Euskaltel), enterely compatible technologies which unite all needs of the client and which solve them effectively. Along this paper all the followed steps for the installation are explained, valued and justified for the achievement of it. An initial situation of the client’s network is described too, different choices for the solution are analyzed and, finally, network’s design and the followed methodology are explained. Moreover, goals, benefits and economic aspects are described in detail.","Proiektu hau Euskaltel S.A. telekomunikazio operadorean burutua dago, 200 zentro baino gehiago duen haur hezkuntza bezero batentzako. Bezero honek, zentro berrien irekiera eta hortaz, sarean jasaten ari den hazkuntza direla eta, bere ahots eta datu sarea hobetzeko beharra ikusi du. Horretarako, zentralizatutako sare bat inplementatzea erabaki da. Egoera honen eraginez, eskalabilitatea eta homogeneitatea bermatzen duen ahots eta datu sare baten diseinua eta inplementazioa dira lan honen helburu nagusia. Sare hau lortzeko, 3.mailako MPLS (MultiProtocol Label Switching) sare bat eta CVE (Centralita Virtual de Euskaltel) zerbitzuak erabiliko dira. Bi teknologia hauek bateragarriak dira eta bezeroaren beharrak bildu eta modu eraginkorrean ebazten ditu. Proiektu honetan zehar, azaldutako sarea lortzeko jarraitu diren pausuak azaltzen, balioztatzen eta justifikatzen dira. Bezeroaren hasierako egoeraren azalpena, sarearen soluziorako aukera ezberdinak eta, azkenik, sarearen amaierako disenua eta instalazioan zehar jarraitutako metodologia. Honetaz gain, proiektuaren helburuak, abantailak eta alderdi ekonomikoak zehazten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/66208,2024-03-18,"Writing and orality directly influence the different competences of students, and significant gaps can be identified among primary school students. Therefore, the didactic proposal of literary workshops for the last cycle of primary education is explained, along with its evaluation and the most important key findings. Likewise, following the recommendation of recent authors, various areas closely related to literary workshops have been analyzed in thetheoretical framework for the development of the proposal: Basque Children and Youth Literature throughout history and in the present; the influence of literature in education through the analysis of the draft of the new curriculum of the Basque Autonomous Community; the relationship between poetry, oral literature and the game; and the presentation of the value of literary workshops.","Idazketak eta ahozkotasunak eragin zuzena dute ikasleen hainbat gaitasunetan, eta alde horretatik hutsune nabarmenak identifika daitezke Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen artean. Hori dela eta, Lehen Hezkuntzako azken ziklorako literatur tailer proposamen didaktikoa azaltzen da, honen ebaluazioarekin eta ondorioztatutako gako garrantzitsuenekin batera. Era berean, azken aldiko egileek gomendatzen dutenari jarraituz, proposamena egiteko literatur tailerrekin lotura estua duten hainbat alor aztertu ditugu marko teorikoan: Euskal Haur eta Gazte Literatura historian zehar eta gaur egun; literaturak hezkuntzan duen eragina EAEko curriculum berriaren zirriborroa aztertuz; poesia, ahozko literatura eta jolasaren arteko harremana; eta literatura tailerren balioaren azalpena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57034,2022-07-26,"This work carries out an analysis of the different jurisprudential lines applied when sanctioning irregular stay in accordance with Spanish law. The recent STS 1181/2021, of March 17th, marks a new milestone in the debate born as a result of the controversial «Zaizoune» sentence of CJEU, in so far as it prohibits punishing in any way, including fines, third-country nationals who are in irregular situation when there are no negative circumstances or facts against them. This decision puts pause, but not end, to the discussion on whether the penalizing system provided by the Organic Law on Foreign Affairs is compatible with the Return Directive, since it remains pending that the CJEU deliver again on the issue. Not only that, but the pronouncement raises different unknowns that only time will solve. In any case, it is clear that the solution to this long-standing legal dispute requires the intervention of the legislator.","Lan honetan, Espainiako zuzenbidearen arabera egonaldi irregularra zigortzeko aplikatu diren jurisprudentzia-ildoak aztertzen dira. Auzitegi Goreneko 1181/2021 epaiak, martxoaren 17an, mugarri berria ezarri du EBJA-ren Zaizoune epai polemikoak sortutako eztabaidaren ondorioz; izan ere, egoera irregularrean dauden hirugarren herrialdeetako nazionalei ezingo zaie zigortu, ezta isun bidez ere, haien kontra zirkunstantzia edo gertaera negatiborik egon ezean. Erabaki honek Atzerritarrei buruzko Lege Organikoan ezarritako zehapen-sistema Itzulerako Direktibarekin bateragarria ote deneko eztabaidari pausa jarri dio, amaiera ez ordea, EBJAk berriz ere bere iritzia emango baitu gai honi buruz. Are gehiago, pronuntziamenduak denborak bakarrik ebatziko dituen ezezagun desberdinak sortzen ditu. Nolanahi ere, argi dago legegilearen esku-hartzea behar dela eztabaida juridiko luze hau konpontzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19321,2016-10-17,"Wood is an indispensable substance built by nature and owes its characteristics to its complex structure. The resistance, quality, security, lightness and thermal and acoustic isolation that wood provides are in sight in every building with unbeatable results. Furthermore, since the appearance of the “Código Técnico de la Edificación, Documento Básico, Seguridad en caso de Incendio, Madera” (CTE-DB SI-M) this noble material has become more used. Betting on wood means betting on ecology due to the fact that it is a renewable, recyclable and natural material, without contaminating residues. Nevertheless, one of the weaknesses that wood could have is its bad behaviour against fire. In fact, every organic material burns. Therefore, it is thought to analyse the behaviour of various species of wood against fire because the carbonization process is not the same. Based on the characteristics of different species it is desired to analyse the behaviour of an element (5 meters long beam) exposed to fire with the help of a calculation program.","Zura naturak fabrikatzen duen nahitaezko sustantzia da eta bere egitura konplexua dela eta ezaugarri ugari dauzka. Zurez egindako egitura bakoitzean nabarmentzen dira bere erresistentzia, kalitatea, segurtasuna, arintasuna eta isolamendu termiko eta akustikoa. Gainera, agertu berri den “Código Técnico de la Edificación, Documento Básico, Seguridad en caso de Incendio, Madera” (CTE-DB SI-M) araudiaren bitartez material hau gero eta gehiago erabili ohi da. Bestalde, zura, hondakin kutsatzaile gabeko elementu berriztagarria, birziklagarria eta naturala da, hortaz, honen erabilera ekologiarekin zuzenki lotuta dago. Halaber, esan daiteke material honen gabezi bakarra suaren kontra daukan erresistentzia ahula dela, izan ere material organikoa denez erre daiteke. Horregatik, lan honen helburua espezie desberdineko zurek suaren aurka zer nolako portaera duten aztertzea da, hauen karbonizazio prozedura ezberdina baita. Espezie desberdinen deskribatutako ezaugarriak kontutan hartuz, sutan dagoen elementu estruktural baten portaera aztertuko da kalkulu programa baten laguntzaz, kasu honetan 5 metroko luzera duen habe bat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20960,2017-03-16,"The current work is an attempt for approaching the society to the principles of experimental methods and their enriching possibilities in theoretical and applied research, and for re-considering the way to achieve knowledge in Economics. It is, as well, an invitation to use lab experiments as proper tools for empirical economic analysis. On the basis of the experiment about a perfectly competitive market, and taking the book written by Bergstrom and Miller (2008) as a reference, we will analyze a new case, in order to abstract the whole of basic principles for designing experiments, without avoiding the debate about the problems derived from the experimental rigour that scientific community requires. All in all, we present the experimental economy as a toolbox that could be used in several branches of economy. For instance, it could be used in the field of labour economy, as a tool to value social or/and developing programs, or in the field of finances, to foresee how people react to different possibilities, risks of loss and profits, subsidies, taxes, etc. Together with the case analysis we will present, as well, an Excel program which will provide full control over the activity, and will permit the consecution of the experiment, the presentation of results and the explanation of the pertinent theory.","Aurkezten den lana metodo esperimentalaren printzipioak eta honek ikerkuntza teoriko eta aplikatuan eskaintzen dituen aukera aberasgarriak gizarteratzeko ahalegina da. Ekonomia-jakituriara heltzeko moduen gaineko berriz pentsatze ariketa eta laborategi-esperimentuak analisi ekonomiko-enpirikoan tresna egoki gisa erabiltzeko gonbidapena. Perfektuki lehiakorra den merkatuaren gaineko esperimentua abiapuntutzat hartuz, eta Bergstrom eta Miller-en (2008) liburua erreferentzia bezala jarraituz, egoera berri bat aztertzen da, esperimentuak diseinatzeko oinarrizko printzipioen multzoa bakartzeko asmoarekin, nola ez, komunitate zientifikoak exijitzen duen doitasun esperimentalak dakartzan arazoen inguruko eztabaida alboratu gabe. Azken buruan, ekonomia esperimentala ekonomia berearen diziplina ugaritan erabili daitekeen lanabes-kutxa gisa aurkeztuko dugu. Honela, adibidez, lan-ekonomiaren arloan erabilia izan daiteke, garapen edo/eta gizarte programen balioztatzeko tresna bezala, halaber finantzen alorrean, aukera desberdinen, galzorien edo mozkinen, dirulaguntzen, zergen,... aurrean pertsonak nola erantzuten duten aurrekusi ahal izateko ere. Kasuaren analisiarekin batera, Excel programa bat aurkeztuko da ere. Honek jardueraren gaineko krontrol osoa eskeiniko du eta esperimentua gauzatzea, emaitzak aurkeztea eta dagokion teoria azaltzea ahalbidetuko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25422,1999,"The problem of minors as maltreatment’s victims is tackled from a medical perspective, referring to the physical and psychical injuries caused as a result of this kind of behaviours. In this way, after classifying the different types of maltreatment, it is studied the physical violence against minors, the sexual abuse and psychological injuries, explaining the possible alterations after this kind of aggressions.","Tratu txarrak kaltetu adingabetuen gain izaten dituzten eraginak, bai fisikoak baita psikikoak, medikuen ikuspegitik aztertzen dira. Tratu txarren eraginei buruzko zerrenda azaldu ondoren, adingabetuek jasaten duten eraso fisiko, sexual eta psikologikoen azterketa egiten da, eraso hauek ondoriotzat ekartzen dituzten gorabeherak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36536,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the main objective of this paper is characterising the performance of a wheel-workpiece pair in grinding processes. In order to achieve it, different tests will be carried out with the grinding machines BLOHM ORBIT 36 and DANOBAT FG600S, for surface and cylindrical grinding respectively. Both machines are property of the University of the Basque Country. In this tests, a set of conditions will be assessed so they cover the typical industrial operation conditions for grinding on the wheel-workpiece pair. Several points will be taken into account, such as wheel and diamond dresser typology, workpiece material and lubrication conditions. Parametres will be varied in every test to get the performance of the wheel-workpiece pair totally determined. For the characterisation of the performance, establishing a test protocol will be required. Two different protocols have been defined. Both will de carried out at separate times in order to establish which one is the most complete. That is to say, the one that better characterises the wheel-workpiece pair performance. As well as the grinding perfomance, wheel wear generated during the test will be characterised too. Various measurement instruments will be used for the process data acquisition, including power consumption and depth of cut. Additionally, a freely available software informatic program will be developed. It will allow analysing the Wear Flat generated in the process, based on the photos obtained through the Dino-Lite microscope during the tests. Finally, and having obtained the tests results, conclusions will be held about the validity of the protocols. The achievement of the wheel-workpiece pair perfomance characterisation will be studied. In additon, the possibility of extrapolating the same characterisation system to any other wheel-workpiece pair will be analysed.","Laburpena: lan honen helburua, artezketa prozesuetan pieza-errotarri bikote baten portaera karakterizatzea da. Horretarako, entsegu ezberdinak egin dira bi artezketa makinetan, BLOHM ORBIT 36 eta DANOBAT FG600S, artezketa laua eta zilindrikorako hurrenez hurren. Bi makinak, Euskal Herriko Unibersitatearen ondasunak dira. Entsegu hauetan, baldintza tarte bat ebaluatuko da. Tarte honek, industrian normalean erabilitako kondizioak barne hartuko ditu. Gainera, zenbait alderdi kontuan izango ditu: Artezketa errotarri mota, diamante mota, piezaren materiala baita lubrikazio baldintzak. Parametroak ezberdinak erabiliko dira entsegu bakoitzean, portaera guztiz definitzeko. Bikotearen portaera karakterizatzeko, entsegu protokolo bat ezarri behar da. Beraz, bi protokolo ezberdin sortu dira. Lehenik, protokolo bat erabiliko da, eta ondoren bestea, horrela ikus daiteke bietatik zein den hobeto karakterizatzen duena. Artezketa prozesuan portaera ikusteaz gain, errotarriaren higadura ere aztertuko da entseguetan. Tresna ezberdinak erabiliko dira prozesuari buruzko informazioa jasotzeko, potentzia eta iraganaldi sakonera esate baterako. Halaber, programa informatiko bat egingo da software libre batekin. Programa, higadura aztertzeko erabiliko da, Dino-Lite mikroskopioarekin ateratako argazkiak erabiliz. Azkenik, entseguetatik lortutako emaitzekin, protokoloei buruzko ondorioak aterako dira. Bikotearen portaeraren karakterizazioa lortu den ala ez aztertuko da eta beste bikoteentzako baliotasuna aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25466,1998,"From the perspective of a fundamental penitentiary Policy the fraternal utopia of prisons is designed and three immediate innovations are defended: technical and human volunteers, lawyers-criminologists in the service of prisoners, and an international mobilization. From the point of view of an applied penitentiary Policy, the problems about dispersion and approach of the prisoners of the terrorist group E.T.A. are analyzed, not forgetting direct and indirect victims’ rights. An alternative penitentiary Policy is proposed: preventive and repersonalizer, with radicaly new professionals, from-to the cosmovision of the hope, the future and the utopia. Some references to the great religions are made, germ of the greatest human depth.","Oinarrizko anaitasun espetxe politikaren ikuspegitik, espetxetako anaitasun utopia marrazten da eta berehalako hiru berritasun aldetzen dira: boluntario tekniko eta gizatiarrak, abokatu-kriminologoak presoen zerbitzuan, eta nazioarteko mugialdia. Espetxe politika aplikatuaren argitan, ETAko kondenatuen hurbiltasunaren eta sakabanatasunaren arazoak azterten dira, beren biktima zuzen eta zeharkakoen eskubideak ahaztu gabe. Espetxe politika alternatibo bat proposatzen da: aurrebabestekoa eta pertsonalizatzailea, profesional berriekin, itxaropenaren, etorkizunaren eta utopiaren munduikusketatik-munduikusketaraino. Erlijio haundiei buruzko aipamenak sartzen dira, giza sakontasun haundiago baten ernamuin modura." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25010,2007,"A huge representation of dead women in Spain, victims of “Gender Violence”, is the one represented by foreign women. In this study, the main factors of this high appraisal are being looked for, as well as the response given by the legal order. The Organic Law 1/2004, 28th December, on the complete protection towards Gender Violence, has introduced no modification of the Organic Law 4/2000, 11th January, on rights and licences of foreign people in Spain, and its social integration. This is considered as a new evidence of the insufficiency of the present answer, where the administrative situation, in which these women are found, is considered much more important than the fact that they are really suffering from this kind of violence.","Genero indarkeriagatik hildako emakumeen zifrak Espainian, emakume kanpotarren portzentaje nabaria azaltzen dute. Lan honetan, biktimizazio tasa hori baldintzatzen duten faktoreak aztertzen dira eta antolamendu juridikoaren erantzuna gai honen inguruan. Abenduaren 28ko 1/2004 Lege Organikoak, genero indarkeriaren kontrako erabateko babesari buruz, urtarrileko 11ko Lege Organikoan, Espainiako atzerritarren eskubide eta askatasunei eta gizarte integrazioari buruzkoan, aldaketarik burutu ez duenez, honek azaltzen digu erantzun partziala izan dela, eta garantzi handiagoa eman zaio emakume hauen egoera administratiboari eta ez biolentzia mota hau pairatzeari." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24358,2015,"Faced with a pragmatic problem –transforming the modern criminal justice process into a restorative process–, the present article deals with a cognitive problem: how can we raise awareness among Mexico’s inhabitants about the need for oral trials to develop towards Human Rights? Such an aporia originates from the Reform of the Political Constitution of Mexico, in terms of Criminal Justice, Public Security and Organized Crime, enacted on June 18, 2008, which puts together the modern criminal justice process and a perverse society.","Arazo pragmatiko baten aurrean –prozesu penal modernoa prozesu berrezartzaile bihurtzea–, egileak honako arazo kognitibo honi heltzen dio: nola sortu kontzientzia Mexikoko biztanleen artean ahozko epaiketak giza eskubideen alorrean aurrera jotzeko beharraz? Aporia horrek Justizia Penalaren, Segurtasun Publikoaren eta Delinkuentzia Antolatuaren arloan egindako Mexikoko Konstituzio Politikoaren Erreforman du jatorria, zeina 2008ko ekainaren 28an promulgatu zuten, eta prozesu penal modernoa eta gizarte makur bat elkartzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67752,2024-05-08,"The effects of gender socialization are evident, but they are considered as multi-causal isolated problems, rejecting the idea that gender may be the only cause. The objective of the research is to understand socialization and analyze what it causes in women. For this, 235 people between the ages of 18 and 50 have participated. In the results obtained, it stands out that women act conditioned by social stereotypes in sexual-affective relationships; that they accept sexist attitudes more; that they have a lower physical self-concept and that the woman identifies herself as a private subject. Indeed, it can be said that in this sample, the effects of socialization are evident. To carry out the study, a scale has been created from validated scales. Facing future investigations, it is essential to continue with the analysis of the phenomenon, in order to act from Social Education; for this, the scale must be validated.","Genero sozializazioaren ondorioak nabarmenak diren arren, kausa anitzeko arazo isolatu moduan hartzen dira, generoa kausa bakarra izan daitekeenaren ideia baztertuz. Ikerketaren helburua, sozializazioa ulertzea eta emakumeetan duen eragina neurtzea da. Horretarako, 18 eta 50 urte bitarteko 235 pertsona parte hartu dute. Lortutako emaitzetan, aipagarria da, emakumeak harreman sexuafektiboetan itunduta dauden estereotipoengandik baldintzatuta jokatzen dutela; jarrera sexistak gehiago onartzen dituztela; autokontzeptu fisiko baxuagoa dutela eta, emakumea subjektu pribatu gisa identifikatzen dela. Lagin honetan beraz, sozializazioaren ondorioak nabarmenak dira. Ikerketa egiteko, eskala berria sortu da, jada balidatutako eskaletan oinarrituz. Hurrengo ikerketetara begira, analisiarekin jarraitzea nahitaezkoa da, Gizarte Hezkuntzaren aldetik ekin ahal izateko. Horretarako, batik bat, eskala balidatu beharko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25606,1994,"Different questions about deprivation of liberty imposed to violent terrorists who have commited crimes against physical integrity and life are studied, and it is analysed the case of german terrorists of the RAF {Rote-Armee-Fraktion); as well as the problems they find at the moment when they are set free.","Lan honetan arazo desberdinak hartzen dira aztergai, hain zuzen ere, integritate fisiko.a eta biziaren aurkako gaizkintzak burutu dituzten terroristei jarritako askatasunaren gabeari buruzkoak, RAF (Rote-Armee-Fraktion)-eko alemanar terroristen kasua aztertuz, eta era berean aske geratzen direnean izaten dituzten arazoak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20943,2017-03-14,"The present work aims to analyse the current situation of people living in the mining area of Biscay whose situation has been worsen by the ongoing economic crisis. It goes without saying that soup kitchens have always been of the utmost importance. Hence, we do have to insist on boosting this type of institutions since many people is suffering the devastating consequences of the socio-economic situation. Thus, this study tries to approach to the problems of needy people so to design a targetededucational intervention both for users and non-users of the soup kitchen of Barakaldo.","Lan honek Bizkaiko ezkerraldeak eta meatzaldeak dauzkan beharrak aztertzen ditu, egungo egoera sozio-ekonomikoa kontuan hartuta. Jantoki sozialen garrantzia ukaezina da. Alta, orain jantoki sozialak inoiz baino garrantzitsuagoak dira krisialdiak hainbat herritar xume gogor zigortu baititu. Hortaz, lan honek errealitate horretara hurbildu nahi du, pertsona horien beharretara alegia. Hots, lan honen helburua plan bat burutzea da, jantoki sozialen beharra duten zein horien beharrik ez dutenentzat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29248,2018-10-23,"There are numerous occasions in which a student does not know how to get to a classroom, where a teacher’s office is located or how to get to a certain laboratory. Nowadays the navigation systems do not provide an effective solution to this problem since the GPS lacks the necessary precision in reduced interior spaces. The following Final Degree Project (TFG) is intended to provide a solution to this problem by developing an application for Android Smartphones that allows guiding a user in an interior space from the place where he is to the destination he wants to reach. This will be done using ROS (The Robot Operating System), a framework for the development of software for robots, which will provide the necessary tools to achieve this purpose. This application should be as modular as possible to be able to adapt the system to different environments, which will be distinct from the university.","Zenbait kasutan, ikasle batek ez daki ikasgela, laborategi jakin batera edo irakasle baten bulegora nola iritsi. Eraikin barrenetan GPSaren bitartezko lokalizazioren galera dela eta gaur egungo nabigazio sistemek arazoak dituzte ataza hori burutzeko. Gradu Amaierako Lan (GAL) honen helburua arazo horri konponbide bat ematean datza, Android Smartphonetarako aplikazio bat garatuz. Aplikazioarekin, erabiltzaileak barruko ingurune batean bere helmugara gidatzeko aukera izango du. Honetarako, roboten softwareak garatzeko punta-puntan dagoen ROS (The Robot Operating System) esparrua erabiliko da, betekizun honetarako tresna egokiak eskaintzen baititu. Aplikazio honek, unibertsitatekoak ez diren beste ingurune ezberdinetara egokitzeko ahalmena izan beharko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14085,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: This paper tries to investigate Human Rights and the Right to Education of children from disadvantaged groups, to promote reflection and projection of the Social Education as an educational profession in peace education and human rights. To do this, a review of the scientific and historical human rights which arise is performed. Subsequently, a qualitative case methodology is carried out on one side, observing the educational experience of the Commonwealth of Collique in Lima (Peru); and secondly a review and analysis of the results is performed.","LABURPENA: Artikulu honetan saiatuko Giza Eskubideak eta talde behartsuetako haurren Hezkuntza-eskubideari ikertzeko, Gizarte Hezkuntza isla eta proiekzioa sustatzeko bakerako hezkuntza eta giza eskubideen hezkuntza lanbidea gisa. Horretarako, eta horrek sortzen dituen zientzia, eta historikoa giza eskubideen berrikuspena egiten da. Ondoren, kasu metodologia kualitatibo bat egiten da, alde batetik, Collique Mankomunitateak Liman (Peru) dagoen hezkuntza esperientzia errespetatuz; eta bigarrenik berrikuspena eta azterketa emaitzen egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23166,2017-07,"The aim of this work is to develop the formulas that determine the efforts and reactions that suffers a bracket made of four bars and a tight, being these formulas applicable for any type of geometrical disposition. This way, the formulas that are obtained facilitate us to determine the efforts and reactions for any geometrical real case of it, avoiding the need of a deep anilysis for each one. Moreover, a real example is provided by applying the formulas previously obtained, so that the advantages that this formulas offer are clearly observed.","Aurrean duzun lan honetan, lau barrez eta tirante batez osaturiko mentsula batek jasaten dituen esfortzu eta erreakzioak determinatzen dituen formulen garapena azaltzen da. Modu honetara, lorturiko formulak zuzenean aplikagarriak izango dira estilo honetako mentsulek har ditzaketen geometria desberdinei, bakoitzarentzako analisia egin beharra ekidituz. Gainera, lorturiko formulen bidez, adibide praktiko bat azalduko da, non hauen aplikazioaren onurak ikusi ahal izango diren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72753,2025-02-13,"The objective of this work involves monitoring Laser Metal Deposition by introducing specific defects that will be evaluated in order to obtain a series of relationships between defect and signal. The adoption of this technology within the machine tool industry is booming, being ideal for complex geometries, part repair, and material savings. However, not everything is advantageous compared to more traditional industrial processes, as these are highly refined and very controlled processes. Since we are dealing with a relatively recent technology, there are still a multitude of details that need to be investigated to fine-tune the use of these techniques. To learn more about this process, it has been proposed to monitor, through various controlled parameters, the process to understand which signals can be directly related to each disturbance. The results will help us understand to what extent the quality of the deposition is affected by different defects and how these can be avoided.","Lan honen helburua da laser bidezko metalezko ekarpenaren monitorizazioari ekitea, akats puntualak sartuz. Akats horiek ebaluatu egingo dira, akatsaren eta seinalearen arteko erlazio batzuk lortzeko. Makina-erremintaren munduan teknologia hori erabiltzea oso egokia da geometria konplexuetarako, piezak konpontzeko eta materiala aurrezteko. Hala ere, dena ez da onuragarria industria-prozesu tradizionalagoekin alderatuta, oso prozesu leunduak eta oso kontrolatuak baitira. Teknologia nahiko berri baten aurrean gaudenez, teknika horien erabilera doitzeko ikertu behar diren hainbat eta hainbat xehetasun daude oraindik. Prozesu horri buruz gehiago jakiteko, hainbat parametro kontrolaturen bidez prozesua monitorizatzea planteatu da, perturbazio bakoitzarekin zuzenean lotuta egon daitezkeen seinaleak ezagutzeko. Emaitzek ekarpenaren kalitateari zer mailatan eragiten dion eta akats batzuk edo besteak ulertzen lagunduko digute, baita akats horiek nola saihets daitezkeen ulertzen ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19836,2016-12-12,"The main aim of this project is to design a motorcycle’s front steering with which the failures of the traditional systems decrease or disappear, as well as keep the benefits that already exist in those systems. Explaining the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of steering created throughout history by diverse enterprises specialized in the manufacturing of the motorcycles with the objective to find the ideal mechanism for an urban or competition motorcycle. It is about to compose a detailed list of elements that define the mechanism and explain the joints and the movement of each component with the aim to develop the kinematic analysis.","Proiektu honen oinarrizko helburua, motozikleten aurreko trenen sistema tradizionalen arazoak murriztea edota desagerraraztea baita horien onurak mantentzea lortu dezakeen beste sistema baten diseinua egitea da. Historian zehar motozikleta fabrikatzaileak eraikitako tren ezberdinen abantailak eta desabantailak azaltzea, hirirako edo lehieketetarako homologatuta dagoen motozikleta baten mekanismorik hoberena aurkitzeko. Mekanismoa osatzen duten elementuen zerrenda bat egitea izango da helburu, haien arteko loturak eta osagai bakoitzaren mugimenduak aztertzeko asmoz analisi zinematikoa egin ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36567,2019-11-27,"Abstract: as stated Howard Gardner, there are eight different types of intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, visual-spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal and naturalistic intelligence. The web page application developed in this project, focused on children between 8 and 12 years, allows users to identify in which types of intelligences they highlight in order to enhance them with various levels of exercises. It is an educational tool established for the students’ progress, coordinated by one or several administrators, supervised by the tutor and that allows the access of the parents, so that all of them participate in the child development progress.","Laburpena: Howard Gardneren arabera zortzi mota adimen existitzen dira: adimen linguistikoa-aditzeskoa, logika-matematikoa, bisio-espaziala, musikala, gorputzezkoazinetikoa, intrapertzonala eta naturalista. Proiektu honetan garatutako aplikazio web orria 8-12 urte bitarteko umeentzat bideratuta dago, aukera ematen digu erabiltzailea zein adimenetan nabarmentzen da eta indartzeko aukera ematen digu jardueren bidez, maila desberdinetan antolatuta. Tresna hau ikaslearen garapenerako ezarrita dago, bat edo zenbait administratzaileen bidez kordinatuta, tutorearen bitartez gainbegiratuta eta gainera gurasoen sarbidea baimentzen du, onen bitartez haiek guztiak gaztearen garapenean parte hartu ahal dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29287,2018-10-23,"The aim of this project is to design and install a District heating system for heating in the Itxasmendi neighbourhood of the Gipuzkoan town of Zarautz. The first objective of this project will be to carry out a study of the possible designs for the installation and to choose the one that best suits with this location. The second objective will be to draw up a plan of work and budgets for the installation of this system. All the steps that have been carried out can be observed in the project memory, which is divided into two parts: the Descriptive Memory and the Justifying Memory. In the Descriptive Memory, the steps that have been followed for the execution of the project are explained, such as the description of the elements, the stud y of the different possible options, the description of the facilities, the work plan, the budget and the current regulations that influence the realization of this project. By means of the Justification Memory, all the calculous carried out will be exposed to be able to execute the design and the installation of the system in this location, besides exposing the reasons for which the principles mentioned in it are followed. There are other four documents in addition to the memory, which endorse and complement the steps to be carried out for the installation and design of the system. The documents are the following ones: The Document of Plans, the Specification of Conditions, the Budget Document and the Document of Security and Hygiene. In the Plan Document can be seen all the plans are necessaries to understand the totality of the installations, in the Specifications appears the minimum conditions for the execution of the project. By means of the Budget document the material and labour expenses are presented. Finally, the minimum conditions of safety and hygiene are presented in the Health and Safety document.","Proiektu honen bitartez Zarauzko Itxasmendi auzoan District Heating berokuntza baten instalazio baten diseinua eta instalakuntza nolakoak izango diren deskribatzen da. Proiektu honen lehenengo helburua instalazio hauen diseinua gauzatzea da, diseinua auzo honek eta erabiltzaileen beharretara egokitu behar denez aukera ezberdinak eduki beharko dira kontuan. Bigarrengo helburua berriz instalakuntzan zehar egin beharreko lanak eta aurrekontua gauzatzea izango da. Proiektuaren zehar jarraitu diren urratsak azaltzen dira memorian, hau bi zatietan bananduta dagoelarik: Memoria Deskriptibo eta Memoria Justifikatiboa. Memoria Deskriptiboan proiektuaren zehar gauzaturiko urratsak azaltzen dira, hala nola, aurrekariak, proiektuaren xedea, inguruaren deskribapena, alternatiben azterketa, instalakuntzen deskripzioa, obra plana, aurrekontuan eta azkenik proiektua hau gauzatzeko jarraitu beharko den arautegia. Memoria Justifikatiboan aldiz instalazioak eraiki eta diseinatu ahal izateko beharrezkoak diren kalkuluak azaltzen dira, hauek gauzatu ahal izateko irizpideez gainera. Memorian azalduriko datu eta urratsa justifikatu ahal izateko beharrezkoak diren beste lau dokumentu aurkitu daitezke: Planoen dokumentua, Aurrekontuaren dokumentua, Baldintza Agiria eta Segurtasun eta Osasun Azterketa dokumentua. Planoen dokumentuan proiektua ulertu ahal izateko beharrezkoak diren planoak aurkitu daitezke, Aurrekontuan aldiz proiektuak izango duen kostu aurkitu daiteke. Baldintzen Agirian proiektua gauzatzeko garaian bete behar legalak aurkezten dira eta Segurtasun eta Osasun Azterketa dokumentuan berriz instalazioak irauten duen bitartean bete beharreko lan segurtasun eta osasun baldintza minimoak aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17647,2016-03-16,"This work has been carried out with the purpose of better understanding one of the realities of the educational sphere: the involvement of families in schools. In doing so, we have focused on the communication relationships between the family and the school, considering both groups as fundamental socialization contexts for child development. Thus, from a theoretical framework based on the conceptualization of participation from different theoretical approaches and the legal framework that regulates this area at state level, we have done a field work in a concerted middle class center that seeks to probe the ways and the practice of involving families in order to obtain an assessment of the levels of participation today in these centers.","Aurkezten den ikerketa lanaren ikergaia da familien parte-hartzea eskolan. Eskola eta familia haurraren garapenerako eta gizarteratze prozesurako funtsezko eremuak dira. Izan ere, lanaren asmo nagusia bien arteko erlazio eta komunikazioaren ezagutzan sakontzea izan da. Nahi horrekin, aurrenik familien parte-hartzearen kontzeptua berrikusi da, hainbat hurbilketa teorikoen argitan. Gero, Estatu mailan familien parte-hartzea arautzen duen marko juridikoa eta egoera soziala deskribatu da. Azkenik, aurrekari horien argitan, ikerketa enpirikoa burutu da klase ertaineko familien ikastetxe hitzartuan. Zundaketaren bidez, horrelako ikastetxeetan egungo parte-hartze mailaren diagnosia lortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14030,2015-01-16,"ABSTRACT:The educational system in the BAC host an increasing number of immigrant students. Consequently, our classrooms have more and more linguistic diversity and teachers do not always know all the languages of their students. In this new situation, this research work aims to determine the treatment of the mother tongues of the students in the school. Therefore, we have read the importance given by the authors to the mother tongues of children in the process of learning the language of the school and we have approached to the reality of a public school, in order to examine it closely. We have collected information from school and, according to the results obtained, it is clear that it is necessary to question the traditional bilingual education of the school and think of new methodologies, organizations and innovative strategies that respond to this situation.","LABURPENA: EAEko hezkuntza sistemak gero eta ikasle etorkin kopuru handiagoa du. Horrek ikasgeletan hizkuntz aniztasuna sortzen du, ezinezkoa bihurtuz irakasleek ume guztien ama hizkuntza jakitea. Egoera berri horren aurrean, lan honen helburua da jatorri etorkina duten ikasleen ama hizkuntzei eskolan ematen zaien trataera ezagutzea. Asmo horrekin, adituek eskolako hizkuntzaren ikaskuntza prozesuan umeen ama hizkuntzek duten garrantziaz diotena aztertu dugu eta, ondoren, etorkin kopuru handia duen eskola publiko batean murgildu gara errealitate hori ikertzeko. Azterketa-lanean lorturiko emaitzak ikusita, ez du ematen ikastetxe horretan jarraitzen ari diren hezkuntza elebiduna modu egokiena denik egoera berriari erantzuteko eta badirudi interesgarria izan daitekeela antolakuntza, metodologia eta estrategia berritzaileetan pentsatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25597,1994,"The historical evolution of the juridical-penal concept of usury is presented, explaining how the penal reaction towards usury emerged from the ethical norms of religious character. Likewise, difierent juridical solutions in contemporary penal legislations are explained.","Lukuruaren juridiko-penalezko argibidearen bilakaera historikoa azaltzen da, eta lukuruaren aurkako erantzun penala erlijioso ezaugarrizko etikako arauetatik sortzen dela adierazten da. Halaber, orainaroko legegintza penaletan askabide juridiko desberdinak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32234,2019-03-29,"This project will develop the calculation and design of the mechanical system that makes up the gearbox of the SEAT León 1.6 TDI 85 kW (115CV) vehicle. The gearbox is located at the front of the car, is manually operated and has 5 forward and one reverse speeds. The main elements of the designed mechanical system are: the clutch, the gearbox and the final reduction. The design of the speed control system and the differential system will not be part of the project.","Proiektu honetan SEAT Leon 1.6 TDI 85kW (115CV) autoaren abiadura-kaxa osatzen duen sistema mekanikoaren kalkulu eta diseinua garatuko da. Abiadura-kaxa aurrealdean zeharka muntatuko da, eskuz gidatuko da eta aurreranzko 5 abiadura eta atzeranzko abiadura bat izango ditu. Diseinatutako sistema mekanikoaren elementu nagusiak honako hauek dira: enbragea, abiadura-kaxa eta bukaerako erredukzioa. Proiektuak ez ditu barne hartuko martxa aldaketarako aginte sistemaren eta multzo diferentzialaren diseinua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69554,2024-09-25,"In the field of Plant Health Epidemiological Surveillance, accurately analyzing written reports of events affecting agriculture is crucial. This master’s thesis in Natural Language Processing leverages the power of Automatic Text Classification, specifically focusing on its application in monitoring plant health. Conducted as part of the TIERS-ESV project, this work is a joint effort between the Bibliome team at the INRAE MaIAGE Laboratory and the VSI team at the PESV Plant Health Surveillance Platform. Central to our research is a dataset curated and annotated by the VSI team, consisting of reports extracted from online sources. This diverse, multilingual dataset was subjected to thorough preprocessing, applying methods for noise elimination, error message removal, and addressing scrapping errors and annotation discrepancies. We employed various BERT models for Text Classification, tailored to our dataset via Fine-tuning and a pattern-based training method. After extensive classifier training, we selected the top-performing models. The efficacy of the models obtained as a result of this work will result in the deployment of BERT-based classifiers, poised to assist the VSI experts in their monitoring mission.","Landare Osasunaren Zaintza Epidemiologikoaren arloan, funtsezkoa da nekazaritzari eragiten dioten gertaeren idatzizko txostenak zehaztasunez aztertzea. Hizkuntza Prozesamendurako master-tesi honek testu sailkapenaren ahalmena aprobetxatzen du, bereziki landareen osasuna kontrolatzeko duen aplikazioan zentratuz. Masterreko tesi hau TIERS-ESV proiektuaren barne garatu da eta INRAE MaIAGE Laborategia eta PESV Landare Osasuneko Zaintza Plataformaren VSI taldearen arteko ahalegina da. Gure ikerketan funtsezkoa da VSI taldeak eskuz etiketatutako datu-multzo bat, Internet-en iturrietatik ateratako txostenez osatua. Datu-multzo anitz eta eleaniztun honi aurreprozesamendu sakona egin zitzaion, zarata kentzeko metodoak aplikatuz, errore-mezuak kentzeko eta scrapping akatsak eta anotazioen desadostasunak zuzentzeko. Testu sailkapenerako hainbat BERT eredu mota erabili ditugu, gure datu multzora egokitutako fine-tuning-en eta PET-en oinarritutako metodoaren bidez. Sailkatzaileen entrenamendu anitz egin ondoren, errendimendurik handiena duten ereduak aukeratu ditugu. Lan honen ondorioz lortutako eredu eraginkorrenak hedatzea ekarriko du, VSI adituei beren jarraipen-misioan laguntzeko prest." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19567,2016-11-21,"The aim of this project is to study the technical and economic viability of an area of economic activities and the possibility of construing an underground parking also located in the area. The services that are going to be installed in the economic area and in the underground parking lot, which serves as the funding zone, are both going to be included in the technical study. The ordination and the implantation are going to be done according to the especial plan of Zorrozaurre. It must be said that when analysing the economic viability, the underground parking lot and the area of economic activities are going to be taken as a whole, and in this part of the project the profitability of it is going to be calculated. In order to do so, indicators such as the PAY-BACK, the NPV and the IRR are going to be used. Also, this study is going to focus on how the company is going to be financed. Although the project is going to be private, it will be promoted by the public administration (Bilbao City Hall).","Hurrengo proiektuan, gune ekonomiko eta lurpeko aparkaleku baten eraikuntzaren eta jardueraren ikerketa tekniko eta ekonomiko-finantzarioa burutuko da. Ikerketa teknikoren bidez proiektuaren ordena eta ezarpena azalduko dira, Zorrotzaurre-ko plan bereziak zehazten duen araudia aplikatuz, bai gune ekonomikoan ezarriko diren zerbitzuak zehaztuz zein honen finantzaketa iturri moduan erabili ahal izango den lurpeko aparkalekuarenak. Ikerketa ekonomiko-finantzarioarekiko, bai gune ekonomikoa bai lurpeko aparkalekua elementu bakar bat izango balira bezala ikertuko dira, hala proiektuaren errentagarritasuna kalkulatzeko, horretarako PAY-BACK, BEG eta BET tresnak erabiliko dira. Ikerketari amaiera emateko, proiektua aurrera eramango duen elkartearen finantzaketa azalduko da, guztia ikuspuntu pribatutik egitea planteatu baita, beti ere administrazio publikoak sustatuz (Bilboko Udaletxeak)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24232,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to design and determine the size of a trigeneration plant with reciprocating internal combustion engines (ICE) of a craft brewery, which until now, was supplied energetically by conventional means. To this end, the brewery process together with the energy consumption and main equipment/components will be explained. Furthermore, the size of the plant will be analyzed in order to improve the energy efficiency. Finally, an economic study of the preferred option will be conducted.","Proiektu honen helburua hauxe da: barne-errekuntzako ordezko motorrak dituen trigenerazio-instalazio baten diseinua eta dimentsionatzea garagardo lantegi batean -zein orain arte energiaz ohiko moduan hornitzen baitzen- egitea. Horretarako, garagardo-ekoizpenaren prozesua azalduko da eta bertan zenbat energia behar den kalkulatuko da. Jarraian, instalazioa dimentsionatuko da efizientzia energetikoa handitzeko, ekipo nagusiak azalduko dira eta, azkenik, aukeratutako irtenbidearen ikerketa ekonomikoa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73363,2025-05-07,"This work wants to encourage imagination in language teaching to promote a deeper and more integrated cognitive and linguistic development. Recognizing the importance of imagination linguistic creation, in children's literature and in language development, it investigates the imagination and its importance in these contexts. It also analyses how games influence in imagination’s development and the role teachers play on it. Next, a proposal is presented to encourage imagination in the classroom through a booklet. This bookley includes a wide variety of activities where teachers can look for different strategies to work on children imagination. This work offers specific guidelines to apply these strategies, in order to encourage students' imagination and participation, enriching and making their educational experience more meaningful.","Lan honek irudimena sustatu nahi du hizkuntzaren didaktikan, garapen kognitibo eta linguistiko sakonagoa eta integratuagoa sustatzeko. Irudimenak hizkuntza-sormenean, haur-literaturan eta hizkuntzaren garapenean duen garrantzia aitortuta, irudimena zer den eta testuinguru horietan duen garrantzia ikertzen da. Halaber, jolasak irudimenean duen garrantzia eta irakasleek ikasgelan irudimena sustatzeko duten zeregina aztertzen dira, baita horrek dakartzan abantailak ere. Ondoren, ikasgelan irudimena sustatzeko proposamen bat aurkezten da liburuxka baten bidez. Liburuxka horretan askotariko jarduerak jasotzen dira, irakasleek irudimena lantzeko estrategia desberdinak izan ditzaten. Horrela, lan honek estrategia horiek aplikatzeko jarraibide zehatzak eskaintzen ditu, ikasleen irudimena eta parte-hartzea sustatzeko, haien hezkuntza-esperientzia aberastuz eta esanguratsuago bihurtuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72756,2024-06-27,"The aim of this study is to carry out a global analysis of the evolution of work-life balance rights from a gender perspective, in order to reach the origin of the problem of reconciling work and family life. Research has also been carried out on what the adaptation of the working day is and why it is important to achieve equality between the sexes. To this end, a legal methodology has been used, analysing in depth article 34.8 of the Workers' Statute, taking into account the current legal regulation and the latest developments. Finally, the way to resolve the judicial conflicts that arise around requests for adaptation has been analyzed, drawing some conclusions.","Lan honen helburua kontziliazio-eskubideen eboluzioaren azterketa orokor bat egitea da, genero ikuspegia kontuan izanik, lana eta familia uztartzeko arazoaren jatorria ezagutzera hurbiltzeko xedearekin. Halaber, lanaldiaren egokitzapena zer den eta sexuen arteko berdintasuna lortzeko duen garrantziaren zergatia ikertu da. Horretarako, metodologia juridikoa erabili da, Langileen Estatutuaren 34.8 artikulua sakontasunean aztertuz, egungo erregulazio juridikoa eta azken berritasunak kontuan izanik. Azkenik, egokitzapen eskaeren inguruan sortu diren gatazka judizialak konpontzeko modua analizatu da, zenbait ondorio ateraz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47023,2020-10-19,"In this Final Degree Project an autonomous vehicle has been designed. This vehicle is able to make all the necessary transports of material and products of the industrial world in an autonomous way. On the proposed transportation system, the vehicle will transport the object from one place to another in an efficient and comfortable way following some preprogrammend paths. Furthermore, in order that the designed vehicle has an effective and secure performance it has been provided with an object identification and detection system and with a system to avoid obstacles. With the aim of giving the vehicle the capability of transport a product from one place to the other first it must detect and identify the product with the system implemented for purpose. Thanks to this system the vehicle will choose and follow correctly the most suitable path to transport the product and carry it to its place. As previously mentioned, the vehicle will have a system to avoid obstacles. This system uses ultrasonic sensors to detect possible obstacles in the path. In the case of detect an obstacle the vehicle will stop automatically until the obstacle disappears from the path. Thanks to this system it will be possible to prevent the possible crashes with workers or fallen objects. In addition to the necessary systems for the transport and with the aim to improve the security, it has been decided to use a visual signal as alarm. It will be switched on while the vehicle is moving. In this way, it will be possible to notice that","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, industria munduan egin behar diren material eta produktuen garraioa era autonomo batean burutzeko gai den ibilgailu bat diseinatu eta eraiki da. Proposatutako garraio sisteman, ibilgailuak aurreprogramatutako ibilbideak jarraituko ditu objektuak toki batetik bestera modu efiziente eta eroso batean eramateko. Diseinatutako ibilgailuaren funtzionamendua segurua eta eraginkorra izan dadin ibilgailuan objektuak identifikatzeko eta oztopoak saihesteko sistemak integratu dira. Ibilgailuak produktu bat toki batetik bestera eraman ahal izateko, lehendabizi hau detektatu eta identifikatu beharko du horretarako inplementatutako sistema erabiliz. Identifikazio sistema horri esker, ibilgailuak produktu horretarako aurreprogramatuta duen ibilbide egokia aukeratuko eta jarraituko du objektua dagokion lekura eramateko. Esan bezala, eraikitako ibilgailu autonomoan oztopoak saihesteko sistema bat ere inplementatu da. Sistema honek ultrasoinu sentsoreak erabiltzen ditu garraioa egiteko jarraitu behar den bidean oztoporen bat dagoen detektatzeko. Oztoporen bat topatzekotan, ibilgailua automatikoki gelditu egingo litzateke oztopoa bidetik desagertzen den arte. Sistema honi esker langileekin egon diren istripuak edota bidean eroritako objektuekin talka egiteko arriskuak murriztu ahal izango lirateke. Garraioa burutzeko beharrezkoak diren sistemez gain, segurtasuna hobetzeko xedearekin, alarma moduan funtzionatzen duen adierazle bisual bat erabiltzea erabaki da. Elementu honek piztuta egongo da ibilgailua mugimenduan dagoen bitartean, horrela, nahiz eta ibilgailuaren ondoan ez egon, urrunetik antzeman ahal izango da ibilgailu autonomoa martxan dagoela istripuen arriskua ere murriztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64643,2018,"This paper analyzes how the narrative of Memory appears in the Basque novel Manu militari (Arrieta, 1987), where the story of a young generation in its passing from Franco’s dictatorship to post-Francoism era is told. We describe the evolution-features of the field of Basque literature and translation during 1975-1990, as for it has shaped the habitus of the author and it has been reflected in fiction. We analyze the narrative procedures used to remember the memorial past: the transtextuality and the heterolinguism. The study is based on the Bourdieusian theory of fields, Genette’s theory of transtextuality, research trends in Translation Studies (the fictional turn) and approaches on multilingualism (Suchet’s Heterolinguistic Imaginary).","J. A. Arrietaren Manu militari (1987) eleberriko errelato memoristikoa aztertuko dugu; eleberrian frankismoaren garaitik post frankismorako bidea egiten duen belaunaldi gaztearen bizipenak kontatzen dira. Lehenik, 1975-1990 bitarteko euskal literaturaren eta itzulpengintzaren eremuaren bilakabidea deskribatuko dugu; izan ere, garaiko ezaugarriek moldatzen dute autorearen habitusa, zeina fikzioan irudikatzen baita. Bigarrenik, autoreak ariketa memoristikorako erabilitako baliabideak aztertuko ditugu: transtestualitatea eta heterolinguismoa. Bourdieuren eremuen teoria, Genetten transtestualitatearen teoria, itzulpen-ikasketetako «fikzio-bira»-ri dagozkion ikerketajoerak eta Sucheten imaginario heterolinguistikoaren planteamenduak hartuko ditugu oinarritzat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55050,2022-01-18,"The term of coeducation is used often, and laws protect gender equality. For this reason, one of the duties of teachers is to educate in coeducation. Offering equality between women and men is a social and educational challenge. Consequently, the object of the work has been to study the use of coeducation in the school and offer a proposal of intervention. It shall also be useful to identify the weaknesses and positive aspects which teachers have in the matter of coeducation, and to reflect on improvements. For this, a number of previously studied topics and fields have been selected and answers have been received about them by a poll. Later, to draw conclusions from these results and make a proposal to the students.","Gaur egun hezkidetza terminoa gero eta gehiago erabiltzen da, eta legeek generoen arteko parekidetasuna babesten dute. Ondorioz, egungo irakasleriaren betebehar bat hezkidetzan heztea da. Emakume eta gizonen arteko berdintasuna lantzea gizartearen erronka da, baita hezkuntzarena ere. Horren ondorioz, lanaren xedea eskolan hezkidetzaren erabilera zein den ikertzea izan da, geroago, esku hartze baten proposamena egiteko. Gainera, irakasleek hezkidetza gaian dituzten ahultasun eta indarguneak identifikatzeko erabilgarria da, ondoren euren kabuz hobekuntzei buruzko gogoeta egiteko. Hori lortzeko, aurretik aztertutako gai batzuk aukeratu dira eta inkestaren bidez horien inguruko erantzunak jaso dira. Geroago, emaitza horietatik ondorio batzuk ateratzeko eta ikasleei bideratutako proposamen bat egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27330,1997,"Most of the reports about xenophobia and racism denote certain tolerance in Spain. Nevertheless, this country is gradually transformed and it’s imposible to refuse the existence of a problematic that has generated very hard legislative politics. Starting from those reasonings and once analyzed the concept of racism and its caracteristics, the text explains the spanish situation of tolerance with regard to foreigns.","Xenofobiari eta arrazakeriari buruz egindako txosten gehienetan ikusten denez, Espainian nolabaiteko tolerantzia dago gai hauei dagokienez. Baina herrialde hau aldatuz doa pixkanaka-pixkanaka, eta ezin dugu esan alor honetan ez dagoela arazorik, lege-politika gogorrean ikusten den bezala. Aipaturikoan oinarrituz, eta “arrazakeria” kontzeptua eta bere ezaugarriak aztertu ondoren, Espainiak, atzerritarren aurrean duen tolerantzia jarrera erakusten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29201,2018-10-22,"The industry is in an increasingly competitive environment in which companies seek new ways to improve and achieve a competitive advantage in the market In the industrial field, computer tools such as simulation software allow companies to study and anylize their current processes, as well as alternatives for improvement through virtual process simulation. In the present project the Silicatos de Malpica ́s line researchis carried out, identifying existing bottlenecks, and proposing some alternatives for improvement through the virtual representation of the industrial plant with the Flexsim software. On the other hand, this research makes available to future students of Engineering in Industrial Organization access to an example of virtual simulation of processes, to facilitate the learning and management of the software.","Industria gero eta ingurumen lehiakorrago batean aurkitzen da, hori dela eta enpresek hobetzeko modu berriak eta merkatuan abantaila lehiakor bat lortzea bilatzen dute. Industri arloan, simulazio-softwareko tresna informatikoek egungo prozesuak ikasteko eta aztertzeko aukera ematen die enpresei, eta simulaketa prozesu birtualaren bidez hobekuntza alternatiboak ere. Lan honetan Malpica Silikatoen linearen azterketa egiten da, izatedun botilen lepoa identifikatzen, eta hainbat hobekuntza alt ernatibo proposatzen Flexsim softwarearekin industria-lantegiaren ordezkaritza birtualaren bidez. Bestalde, ikerlan honekin, Industria Antolakuntzako Ingeniaritzako graduko etorkizuneko ikasleei eskuragarri ipintzen da prozesu simulazio birtualen adibide bat, softwarearen ikaskuntza eta kudeaketa errazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13181,2014-07-30T11:12:24Z,"The scope of the present project was to introduce a production control system within the wheelset division of CAF S.A. In order to achieve this, the following tasks have been undertaken: a temporary production control tool has been developed; the production processes have been analysed; individual requirements have been defined and a request specification has been prepared. This has been done in addition to the management and communication with suppliers. The processes are described in this report, together with an analysis of the the results, conclusions and a description of areas for future work.","Datorren proiektua, CAF-eko errodajeetako negozio unitatearen barnean, produkzio kontrolerako sistemaren inplantazioan datza. Helburu hau lortzeko, produkzio prozesu ezberdinak ezagutu, behar eta eskakizun zehaztapenak finkatu eta produkzio kontrolerako tresna ezberdinak garatu nahiz kudeatu behar izan dira hornitzaileekin komunikazioa alde batera utzi gabe. Lan honen azalpena, erantzunen analisi, ondorio eta etorkizunean kontutan izan beharreko ildo ezberdinekin batera daude garatuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29228,2018-10-23,"English: This work determines the steps that have been taken in order to accomplish this Undergraduate Final Degree Project. The main objective of this engineering project is the computer-aided design and 3D printing of the structure of a seesaw system, in which an inclination control system is implanted. Firstly, general information about 3D design and printing is granted, along with another similar project’s result. Hereafter, the established requirements for fulfilling the project are explained, followed by the development of the solution’s design. The following process requires preparing the model before sending it to a 3D printer. Finally, the achieved part is inspected and some conclusions are drawn at the end of the paper.","Euskaraz: Lan honetan Gradu Amaierako Lana burutzeko emandako pausuak azaltzen dira. Ingeniaritza proiektu hau, balantzin sistema baten egituraren ordenagailuz lagundutako diseinuan eta 3D (hiru dimentsio) inprimaketan datza, jarraian maldaren kontrol sistema bat ezarriko zaiona. Hasteko, 3D diseinu eta inprimaketaren nondik norakoak eta proiektu honen antzeko lan bat ezagutarazi dira. Ondoren, diseinatu behar den piezak bete behar dituen eskakizunak azaldu dira, baita hauek asebetetzen dituen soluzioa izango den azken diseinuaren garapena ere. Jarraian, 3D inprimagailu batetara bidaltzeko beharrezkoa den prozesaketa burutu da. Amaitzeko, sortutako piezari azken azterketa bat egin zaio eta hainbat ondorio atera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29508,2018-10-31,"The ""fear of crime"" or insecurity affects the quality of life, causing citizens to avoid certain public spaces, influencing the choice of mode of transport and interfering in the decision-making of people. Cities designed for pedestrians reduce the impact on the environment, they are healthier and safer. To develop a city centered on citizens, it is necessary to analyze the ratings that people give to the walking routes that they carry out in urban areas. Walkability Analyzer allows to analyze the routes carried out by the citizens already stored in the system, and to apply a large number of filters to be able to visualize the routes according to the desired characteristics. In this way, to be able to visualize the routes together with with their ratings, diverse studies can be realized to analyze, for example, the security in a zone of the city or how apt a space is for people with reduced mobility. This Final Degree Project has been developed in collaboration with the researchers of the CRIM-AP group of the UPV / EHU.","""Delituari beldurrak"" edo segurtasun ezak bizitza kalitatean eragiten du, herritarrek espazio publiko jakin batzuk saihestea ekar dezakeelarik, edo garraio modua aukeratzeko eta pertsonen erabakiak hartzeko orduan eragina izan dezakeelarik. Oinezkoentzat diseinatutako hiriek ingurumenean duten eragina murrizten dute, osasuntsuagoak eta seguruagoak dira. Herritarrei zuzendutako hiri bat garatzeko, herritarrek oinez egiten dituzten ibilbideei ematen dizkieten balorazioak aztertu behar dira. Walkability Analyzer-ek dagoeneko sisteman dauden herritarrek egindako ibilbideak aztertu eta iragazki ugari egiteko aukera eskaintzen du, ibilbideak nahi diren ezaugarrien arabera ikusteko. Horrela, ibilbideak eta berauen balorazioa ikusteko gai izanik, azterketak egin daitezke, esate baterako, hiriaren inguruko segurtasuna edo mugikortasun mugatua duten pertsonentzako espazio bat egokia den. Gradu Amaireako Lan hau UPV / EHUko CRIM-AP taldeko ikertzaileekin lankidetzan garatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19728,2016-12-02,"The main aim of this End of Grade Work (EGW) is to design the control system of a warehouse with two linear axis. This way, a user must be able to reach any of the positions in which the warehouse has been divided (row and column) in order to pick up or deposit a pallet by using an operator panel. To achieve this, an application will be implemented in the engineering tool TIA Portal of Siemens using for that the technology developed by the organization PLCopen for Motion Control.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GAL) honen helburu nagusia bi ardatz lineal dituen biltegi baten kontrol-sistema diseinatzea da. Honela, erabiltzaile batek biltegia banatzen den posizioetako edozeinetara (hilara eta zutabea) heltzea gai izan behar da, pallet bat jasotzeko edo uzteko, operatzaile-taula batez baliatuz. Hori lortzeko, Siemens-ko TIA Portal ingeniaritza erremintan aplikazio bat inplementatuko da, PLCopen erakundeak garatutako teknologia Motion Controlerako hartarako erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36535,2019-11-27,"Abstract: through the elaboration of this study, an attempt to investigate the exploitation of the wind resource that is available in the Basque Autonomous Community has been made. For this objective, the energy data of 2016 have been used (the latest published data), published by the Basque Energy Agency. After completing the study of these data, it has been concluded that currently, wind energy and biomass, are the most efficient energy resources available in the BAC. For all these reasons, it has been investigated if it would be possible to boost wind energy in the BAC. For the realization of this investigation, three different geographical points have been determined (one in each province of the BAC). Subsequently, the data obtained was analysed in order to be able to select the most interesting point or zone. In this case, the best climatological conditions for the use of the wind resource, have been detected in the Ordunte mountain range. In order to analyse in depth the energy and economic viability of this emplacement, the application of a 50MW wind facility is proposed and analysed.","Laburpena: lan honen bitartez, EAE-ko energia eolikoaren aprobetxamenduaren inguruko ikerketa burutu da. Horretarako, Energiaren Euskal Erakundeak 2016. Urtean argitaraturiko datu energetikoa sakonki aztertu dira (argitaraturiko azkenengo datuak dira). Datu enerenetikoak aztertuz gero, EAE-ko errekurtso energetiko nagusiak energia eolikoa eta biomasa direla ikusi da. Honela izanda, energia eolikoaren aprobetxamendua bultzatzea posiblea den ikertu da. Energiaren aprobetxamendua bultzatzea posiblea den edo ez ikusteko, Euskadiko probintzia bakoitzeko parke eoliko baten eraikuntza burutzeko kokagune bat zehaztu da eta energetikoki interesgarriena hautatu da. Kasu honetan, baldintza klimatologiko aproposenak aurkezten duen kokagunea, Ordunteko mendilerroa dela ikusi da. Bertan 50 MW-ko potentzia instalatua aurkezten duen parke eoliko baten eraikuntza proposatu da. Ondoren, proposaturiko parkearen bideragarritasun energetikoa zein ekonomikoa aztertu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25850,2018-03-21,"This coursework is a qualitative investigation of the pedagogy and learning of the rules processes in pre-school education. A five year old classroom has been analysed through an ethnographic procedure. For that, in the main part of the essay, a special relevance has been given to the relationship between teachers and students, and to the point of view that educators have about this issue, for which different situations and interactions in which children do not respect the rules have been studied. At the same time, attention has been focussed on the emotions in each member. In these conclusions it has been seen that importance is given to this process as much in the school as in the classroom and that it produces concern, anxiety and angst specifically.","Lan hau Haur Hezkuntzan arauak ikasi-irakatsi prozesuari buruzko ikerketa kualitatiboa da. Prozedura etnografikoak erabiliz, Haur Hezkuntzako 5 urteko ikasgelan aipatutako prozesua aztertu da. Horretarako, lanaren garapenean, bereziki ikasleen eta irakasleen arteko harremanari eta baita hezitzaileek gai honekiko duten ikuspegiari eman zaio garrantzia. Hau horrela, umeek arauak errespetatzen ez dituzteneko egoerak eta elkarrekintzak ikertu dira; aldi berean, norbanako bakoitzaren emozioetan arreta jarriz. Ondorioetan ikusi da bai eskolan eta baita ikasgelan ere, prozesu honi garrantzia ematen zaiola eta ardura zein kezka sortzen dituela; zenbaitetan, ezinegona eta larritasuna ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16235,2015-11-27,"In this project are going to be defined some needs of the industry, now and in the future, and, then, an analysis of the solutions is going to be done, creating a small guide of design. Firstly, is going to be defined what the modern industry is and then, and using that definition, the needs of the new industry are going to be defined. Secondly, different examples of modern industrial buildings will be analyzed taking into account the needs of the industry previously defined. This project could help anyone to understand better the importance of the buildings in the new industry and how are them changing because the evolution of the containers is, at least, the evolution of the industry.","Lan honetan, industria modernoaren behar batzuk definituko dira eta, horren ostean, eraikin industrialek eman ahal dizkioten soluzio posibleak aztertuko dira. Honetarako, gero eraikinaren diseinuan edo gida handiago bat sortzen lagunduko duen diseinu edo eskema bat sortuko da bukaeran, emaitzekin. Hasteko, industria modernoa zer den definituko da eta, gero, eta definizio hori erabilita, industria berri honen beharrak zeintzuk izango diren aztertuko da. Honen ondoren, adibide desberdinak jorratuko dira aurretik definitutako beharrak erabilita eta behar horiei eman ahal zaizkien soluzio posibleak aztertzeko asmoz. Bukatzeko, honen inguruko konklusio batzuk lortzen saiatuko da proiektuak, bere helburuetako bat edozein pertsonak eraikinen garrantzia uler dezala baita, edukiontzien eboluzioa, azken finean, industriaren eboluzioa delako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25022,2006,"The creation of a permanent International Criminal Court is the result of a difficult and slow gestation process that lead to the appearance of the institution at the end of the last century, coming into effect in 2002. Future prospects are controversial: pessimists are focussed in the lack of support from the most populated and powerful nations; optimists, having seen the obstacles overcame, believe that the creation of the Court places the International Criminal Justice out of reach of the diplomacy. In this view, the Court is an international institution aimed to guarantee an international public order founded on universally accepted moral principles, and this, if it has the support of the public opinion, can only be a reason for hope.","Nazioarteko Gorte Penal iraunkorraren bilakaera, azken mendeko bukaeran sortu den instituzioa, ernatze prozesu zail eta geldo baten emaitza da. 2002. urtean abiatu zen. Etorkizunerako ikuspegiak eztabaidagarriak dira; ezkorrentzako, mundu mailako potentzia jendetsuenen babes falta nagusiena da; baikorrentzako aldiz, gainditutako oztopoak ikusi eta gero, nazioarteko justizia penalaren gortea sortzeak diplomaziatik at utzi du, eta existitzen da dagoeneko, nazioarteko ordena publikoa bermatuko duen nazio mailako instituzio bat, segurtasun juridiko batekin, eta mundu mailan onartutako printzipio moraletan oinarrituta, babes handiarekin. Guzti hau itxaropenarentzako arrazoia da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20067,2017-01-03,The purpose of this work is to make a state-of-the-art about the types of surge protection against over-voltage in high-tension as well as their caracteristics by studying the differents forms of performance against various types of over-voltages. The study is accompanied with software simulations that will be done with Matlab by a model that represents its non-linear and random feature.,"Lan honen helburua, tentsio altukoen aurkako babesa motak, artearen egoera bat egitea da, haien ezaugarriak eta mota desberdin jokaera tentsio altuak agertzen direnean aztertuz. Ikerketa, Matlabekin garatutako software simulazioekin osotzen da, haien portaera ez lineal eta aleatorioa aurkezten duen modelu batez lagundurik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24236,2017-09,"A suitable electrical installation is of great importance to the housing. Due to the deterioration of the installations in the successive years and the consequent need to improve them, it has been resolved to design and calculate the installation of a housing taking into account the improvements that are available in the market nowadays. The purpose of this project is to achieve an efficient, long-lasting, safe and economical electrical installation. This project is divided in two parts: on the one hand, the design of the installation and on the other hand, the calculations required to carry out such electrical installation.","Etxebizitzetan instalazio elektriko egoki bat izatea oso garrantzitsua da. Urtetik urtera instalazioak okerrera egiten dute eta hobekuntza bat behar izaten dutenez, etxebizitza bateko diseinu eta kalkulua egitea pentsatu da gaur egun merkatuan aurki daitezkeen berrikuntzak aplikatuz. Proiektu honen helburua, instalazio elektriko on, iraunkor , seguru eta ekonomiko bat lortzea da. Proiektu hau bi ataletan banatzen da, batetik instalazioaren diseinua eta bestetik, intalazio hau aurrera atera dadin beharrezko kalkuluak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20961,2017-03-16,"This document presents the great importance and usefulness of the manufacturing added in the branch of biomedicine, in addition to the different applications, materials and the great projection that this technology that is in full development has towards the future. The added manufacture is based on a modular design, through which different forms can be obtained, implementing them as design in different elements of the field of biomedicine. Throughout the work, the types of fabrication of scaffolds used in tissue engineering and in the types of materials used for this purpose are explored.","Dokumentu honetan fabrikazio gehigarriak duen garrantzi eta erabilgarritasuna biomedikuntzako adarrean aurkezten da. Horrez gain teknologia honetan erabiltzen diren aplikazio desberdinak, materialak eta etorkizunerantz duen izugarrizko proiekzioa aurkezten da. Fabrikazio gehigarriak diseinu modularrean oinarritzen da, horren bitartez forma desberdinak lortu ahal dira eta hauek biomedikuntzako alor desberdinetan diseinu elementu bezala inplementatu daitezke. Lanean zehar, sakontzen da ehun-ingeniaritzan erabilitako scaffold-en fabrikazio tipoetan eta horretarako erabilitako material tipo deberdinetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29239,2018-10-23,"In this project a study has been carried out on the characteristics of the physical Bluetooth radio interface focusing on the possible effects of radio pollution and its contribution to the electromagnetic exposure to which humans are exposed, especially those using this technology. The objective of the project is twofold. On the one hand, to analyse whether the signal levels used by the Bluetooth system in operation are below the reference levels that ensure the absence of harmful effects on health. On the other hand, the analysis of Electromagnetic Shielding Effectiveness (EMSE) associated with different types of textile fabrics. In this way, a reference table has been drawn up to determine the transmission losses due to the different types of fabrics used in garments. This table can be used either in search of larger shielding effects that reduce exposure to electromagnetic fields due to Bluetooth, or to avoid such effects and improve the quality of communication. The study of both objectives has been achieved through different types of measures thanks to which a final answer has been obtained, to the question: Is the use of the Bluetooth system adequate or not when offering secure wireless communications to its users? taking into account the rated powers with which the system works.","Proiektu honetan ikerketa bat egin da Bluetooth irrati-komunikazioen interfaze fisikoaren ezaugarriei buruzkoa. Ikerketa irrati-elektriko kutsadurako efektu posibleetan ardaztuta dago eta haren kontribuzioan gizakiak menderatuta dauden exposizio elektromagnetikoari dagokionez, batez erabiltzaileak. Proiektuaren helburua bikoitza da. Alde batetik, Bluetooth sistemaren seinaleko mailak erreferentizako mailak baino gutxiagoak direla aztertzea efektu kaltegarriak ez daudela bermatzeko. Beste aldetik, zuntz ehun mota ezberdinetako Electromagnetic Shielding Efectivenessen (EMSE) deritzon parametroaren analisia. Honela, erreferentzia taula bat egin da zuntz ehun mota ezberdinek eragindako transmisio galerak ezagutzeko. Taula hau ondo erabili ahal da apantailamendu elektromagnetikoaren efektuak lortzeko zuntzen bidez, Bluetooth sistemak eragindako kutsadura elektromagnetikoa ekiditzeko, edo kontrakoan, komunikazioen kalitatea hobetzeko apantailamendua murriztu eta gero. Helburu bien ikerketa lortu da, neurketa mota batzuen bidez eta horri esker azkeneko erantzuna eman zaio galdera honi: Bluetooth sistema egokia al da hari gabeko komunikazio sugurak erabiltzailei hornitzea? Sistemak erabiltzen dituen potentzia nominalak kontuan hartuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59978,2023-02-20,"Emotions can be defined as reactions produced by our interactions with the context. Emotional education, despite its growing importance, still lacks overall visibility, as emotional contents are not yet present in the entire curriculum. An important factor in this emotional work is music. Music greatly influences people, their experiences, feelings, knowledge processes and even on the construction of relationships. This work has been an example of music having a meaning beyond a subject. To this end, an intervention has been designed and implemented in a specific classroom, that counting on music as a resource, has focused on the knowledge of oneself, the impulse of the expression and strengthen students’ relationships.","Emozioak testuinguruarekin ditugun hartu-emanek sortutako erreakzio moduan definitu daitezke. Hezkuntza emozionalak, gero eta garrantzi handiagoa izan arren, oraindik ere ez du osotasuneko ikusgarritasunik, curriculum orok oraindik ere ez baitituzte eduki emozionalak bere baitan hartzen. Emozioen lanketa honetan eragile garrantzitsu bat musika da. Musikak eragin handia du pertsonongan, bizipenetan, sentimenduetan, ezagutza prozesuetan, baita harremanen eraikuntzan ere. Lan hau, musikak irakasgai batetatik haratagoko esanahia duelaren adibidea izan da. Horretarako, ikasgela konkretu bati erreparatuz, esku-hartze bat diseinatu eta abian jarri da, musika baliabide izanik, norberaren burua ezagutzera eraman, adierazpenak bultzatu eta ikasleen harremanak sendotzeko saiakera egin delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23050,2013,"The victims have to insist on the fact that we will never be able to talk of fi nal peace in the Basque Country unless terrorists previously serve their full sentence; if institutions do not work to bring to an end more than 300 terrorist crimes still unsolved; if nobody recognizes that democracy has emerged victoriously and that terror and its representatives have been defeated; and above all, if it is not collectively admitted that we, as victims of persecution by the national-terrorist totalitarianism, have all the rights to prevent our children from being potential victims of a false and indecent peace.","Biktimok azpimarratu behar dugu inoiz ez dugula behin betiko bakeaz hitz egin Euskal Herrian, aldez aurretik terroristek ez badituzte zigorrak osorik betetzen; erakundeak ez badira lanean hasten oraindik ebatzi gabe dauden 300 krimen terrorista baino gehiago amaitzeko; inork ez badu aitortzen demokrazia gailendu dela eta izua eta izuaren ordezkariak galdu egin dutela, eta, batez ere, kolektiboki onartzen ez bada totalitarismo nazional-terroristaren biktimak izan ginenok eta hark zapaldu gintuenok eskubide osoa dugula gure seme-alabak biharko bake faltsu eta moralki lotsagarri bateko etorkizuneko biktimak izatea saihesten ahalegintzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67723,2024-05-07,"This Final Degree Project seeks to use statistics and probability in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and narrative texts. Apart from traditional leaming, the aim is to actively and digitally teach students in the first cycle of Primary Education the usefulness of statistics and probability, expressing the objectives and data in a simple way, thus favoring the autonomy of the students. The aim is to socialize statistically competent students in understanding information and decision-making in the media, thus becoming critica!. Moreover, this website enables teachers to enrich the teaching of statistics, achíeving gamification in the classroom and facilitating the teaching in the aforementioned areas. In arder to achíeve these objectives, the Urratsak eMATEnwebsite has been created, which aims for students to become socially responsable citizens and foster their commitment towards a more sustainable world through statistics and probability.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan estatistika eta probabilitatea Garapen Iraunkorreko Helburuen (GIH) testuinguruan erabiltzea bilatzen da, horretarako, Informazioaren eta Komunikazioaren Teknologiak (IKTak) eta narrazio testuak erabiliz. Ikaskuntza tradizionala alde batera utziz, Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo zikloko ikasleei estatistikaren eta probabilitatearen erabilgarritasuna modu aktibo, eta digital batean irakatsi nahi zaie, helburu eta datuak modu errazean adieraziz eta, ondorioz, ikasleen autonomia bultzaraziz. Komunikabideen informazioak ulertzeko eta erabakiak hartzeko estatistikoki konpetenteak diren ikasleak gizarteratu nahi dira, hartatik, kritikoak izatea lortuz. Webgune hau estatistikaren irakaskuntza aberastu nahi duten irakasleentzat ere bideratua dago, era honetan ikasgelak gamifikatzea eta aipatutako arloen irakaskuntza erraztea lortuz. Hori guztia lortzeko, Urratsak eMATEn izeneko webgunea sortu da, ikasleek estatistikaren eta probabilitatearen bitartez mundu jasangarriago bat lortzeko urratsak ematea eta harekiko konpromiso soziala hartzea bilatzen duena, hain zuzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16298,2015-12-02,"Up to now, industrial installations have been controlled and monitored in the cabins located inside the building. Each control unit sends data according to what it is controlling to a computer, which subsequently sends that data to another central computer, following a hierarchic order.Nowadays, however, due to the raise in use of smartphones, the supervising of the plant can be done anywhere. The data sent by control units will be displayed in our smartphones and we will be able to send commands back to the units. This is what this project has brought to life, where an industrial installation has been modelled by an assembly line with three different units.","Orain arte, instalazio industrial baten kontrola eta monitorizazioa zentralean bertan jarritako bulego batetik egiten da. Kontrol unitate bakoitzak, bere lana egiten dagoen bitartean, datuak ordenagailu batera bidaltzen ditu eta, honek, halaber, beste ordenagailu zentral batera, orden hierarkiko bat jarraituz. Horrela, bulegoan dagoen teknikari batek datuak ikusi ahalko ditu. Gaur egun, ordea, telefono mugikorren gorakada aprobetxatuz, planta industrialaren ikuskapena edozein lekutik egitea posiblea izango da. Kontrol unitateek bidalitako datuak gure eskuko telefonoan ikusiko ditugu eta unitate bakoitzari aginduak eman ahalko dugu. Hau izan da proiektu honekin lortutakoa, non instalazio industrial bat hiru unitate dauzkan muntaia-kate batekin modelizatu den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47720,2020-11-04,"Summary This project is develop within the framework of the machine tool sector, especially in the field of machining processes with chip removal. In this context the presence of self-excited vibrations limits the performance of machine tools. Being one of the main problems addressed in current research, some chatter suppression methods have managed to present themselves as a solution in the industrial environment: passive damping, active damping, Spindle Speed Variation and the adjustment of conditions according to stability lobes are some examples. The passive damper is presented as a solution to increase the dynamic rigidity of the system and thus, improve the stability of the process. This projects seeks to validate theoretically and experimentally the use of Eddy currents in order to obtain viscous damping. Being very useful in passive dampers for chatter avoidance, it can be used in several applications within the machine-tool industry. The validation of the proposed solution is based on an analysis of the damping dependence with both geometric and dynamic variables and the development of a test bench which allows experimental corroboration of the theoretical observation.","Laburpena Proiektu hau makina erramintaren sektorean barruan garatu da, batez ere txipa kentzeko mekanizazio prozesuen eremuan. Testuinguru horretan, auto-kitzikatutako bibrazioak presentziak makina-erremintaren errendimendua mugatzen du. Gaur egungo ikerketetan jorratutako arazo nagusietako bat izanik, chatter kentzeko metodo batzuek industria ingurunean irtenbide gisa aurkeztea lortu dute: moteltze pasiboa, moteltze aktiboa, ardatzaren abiaduraren aldakuntza eta baldintzak egonkortasun lobuluen arabera egokitzea adibide batzuk dira. Moteltze pasiboa sistemaren zurruntasun dinamikoa areagotzeko aurkezten da eta horrela, prozesuaren egonkortasuna hobetzen da. Proiektu honek Eddy korronteen erabilera moteltze likatsua lortzeko teoriko-esperimentalki balioztatu nahi du. Zehazki, moteltze hori beharrezkoa da motelgailu pasiboen funtzionamendu zuzenerako, nahiz eta beste aplikazio batzuetan erabil litekeen. Proposatutako soluzioaren baliozkotzeak aldagai geometrikoek eta dinamikoekiko moteltasunak duen mendekotasunaren analisian eta egindako behaketa teorikoen berrespena esperimentala ahalbidetzen duen saiakuntza bankua gartzean oinarritzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72691,2025-02-13,"The following document focuses on the design and manufacture of a fibreglass airbox and the design of a swingarm for a racing motorbike for the MotoStudent Bizkaia ESI Bilbao team of the Bilbao School of Engineering. The main objectives of the work are twofold; the first is to develop an airbox that generates an air volume and allows a regular intake, especially at low revs. The second objective is to design a swingarm to solve a vibration problem developed during the work. The design will consist of an iterative process, in which finite element stiffness analysis of the part will be carried out until an optimum result is reached. All the design and manufacturing stages will be explained step by step, describing the procedure used.","Hurrengo dokumentu honetan, beirazko zuntzez egindako airbox baten diseinua eta fabrikazioa eta baskulante baten diseinua lantzen da, lehiaketa motozikleta batentzat, hain zuzen ere Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako MotoStudent Bizkaia ESI Bilbao taldearentzat. Lanaren helburu nagusiak bi dira; Lehenengoa, aire bolumen minimo bat eragingo duen airbox bat garatzea izango da, motorraren aire eskaera modu erregularrean asetzeko, bereziki abiadura baxuetan. Bigarren helburua baskulante baten diseinuan datza, txostenean zehar zehazten den bibrazio arazo bati konponbidea emanez. Diseinua prozesu iteratibo bat izango da, non zurruntasun analisiak egingo dira elementu finituen bitartez, emaitza ezin hobe bat lortu arte. Diseinu eta fabrikazioko ibilbide osoa azalduko da, urratsez urrats, erabilitako prozedura zehaztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68440,2024-06-14,"A study on psychomotor skills in Early Childhood Education was carried out by means of nine observations to analyze the five psychomotor parameters. Based on these parameters, the new knowledge that the children have learned and the explorations that they have carried out in the psychomotor sessions have also been observed. Along the same lines, nine sessions have been observed in two classrooms of a public school in Vitoria-Gasteiz, specifically, they have been carried out in the second cycle of Infant Education with 4-year-old students. In order to achieve the objective, the observation took into account the five psychomotor parameters, which are, the child and movement, the child and space, the child and time, the child and objects, and the child and others. The tools used to carry out this research are ethnographic narratives, observation charts, photos of the classroom and photos of the student's drawings and plasticine shapes. The results of the study were that psychomotor skills have a great impact on the physical, emotional and social abilities of the students. In conclusion, this discipline has very good benefits in Early Childhood Education, since it contributes positively to the development of the student.","Haur Hezkuntzako psikomotrizitateari buruzko ikerketa bat egin da, bederatzi behaketaren bidez, bost parametro psikomotorrak aztertzeko. Parametro horiek oinarritzat hartuta, haurrek psikomotrizitate-saioetan ikasi dituzten ezagutza berriak eta egin dituzten esplorazioak ere ikusi dira. Ildo beretik, Gasteizko ikastetxe publiko bateko bi gelatan bederatzi saio behatu dira, zehazki, Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloan egin dira, 4 urteko ikasleekin. Helburua lortzeko, behaketan bost parametro psikomotorrak hartu dira kontuan, hau da, haurra eta mugimendua, haurra eta espazioa, haurra eta denbora, haurra eta objektuak eta haurra eta besteak. Ikerketa hau egiteko erabili diren tresnak narrazio etnografikoak, behaketa-taulak, klaseko-argazkiak eta ikasleen marrazkien eta plastilina-formen argazkiak dira Egin den azterketari esker, psikomotrizitateak ikasleen gaitasun fisikoan, emozionalean edo sozialean eragin handia duela atera ahal izan da emaitza gisa. Beraz, diziplina honek Haur Hezkuntzan oso onura onak ditu, ikaslearen garapenean positiboki laguntzen duelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69907,2024-10-14,"The Spanish income tax legislation included the mechanism of joint tax return. Traditionally, this method has been considered, from the point of view of tax law, as an instrument to help families with low economic capacity, just as a way of protection of the traditional family model. Nevertheless, if we consider that nowadays are accepted new models of family and this topic is research from a feminist perspective, we can conclude that with this method women are discriminated when they are part of the two-parent families as well as in single-parent families. This problem can be seen in 2 general features: on one side, the tax burden borne by women; and, on the other side, in the possibility of women to access to the labour market. For these main reasons, among others, most lawyers and experts in the field consider that the best option to comply with the principle of equality is the removal of joint taxation.","PFEZren legean jasotzen den baterako tributazioa betidanik kontuan izan da, zerga-eremutik, gaitasun ekonomiko txikiagoa duten familie laguntzeko tresna bezala, baita familia tradizionalari babesa emateko balibidea bezala ere. Alabaina, familia modelo berriak kontuan hartzen baditugu eta gai hau ikuspegi feminista batetik jorratzen badugu, ohartuko gara sistema honek emakumei sortzen dien galerez, bai bi gurasko familieko kideak diren emakumeei, bai guraso bakarreko familitakoei. Kalte hori bi arlo nagusietan ikusten da: bateko, emakumeek pairatzen duten zerga-kargan; eta, besteko, emakumeek lan-mundura sartzeko dituzten arazoetan. Gai nagusi horiek direla eta, besteak beste, arloko legelari eta aditu gehienek uste dute, PFEZaren esparruan, berdintasun-printzipioa bete ahal izateko aukerarik onena baterako tributazioa kentzea dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15329,2012-10,"This article examines the scale, cover, intensity and social risks covered by the social protection system in the Basque Country, and its funding sources. The period from 1995 to 2008 is analysed and compared with the situation in other European Union countries. Finally, the challenges currently facing the social protection system in general and the Basque system in particular are listed: the ageing population, increased immigration and the growth in groups at risk of social exclusion, changes in the labour market and in household structures. The budgetary constraints resulting from the economic recession that started in 2008 are also considered.","Artikulu honek Euskadiko babes sozialeko sistemaren dimentsioa, intentsitatea eta estalitako arrisku sozialak aztertzen ditu, baita dituen finantzaketa-iturriak ere. 1995etik 2008ra bitarteko bilakaera aztertzen du, eta Europar Batasuneko beste herrialde batzuetan gertatukoarekin alderatzen du. Oro har, babes sozialeko sistemen gaur egungo erronkak azpimarratzen ditu eta, zehazki, Euskadiko sistemenak: biztanleria-zahartzea, immigrazioaren hazkundea, gizarte-bazterkeriaren arriskuan dauden taldeen gehikuntza eta lan-merkatuan eta bizikidetza-ereduetan gertatu diren aldaketak. Horrez gain, 2008an hasi zen atzeraldi ekonomikoak aurrekontuetan ekarri dituen arazoak ere izan behar dira kontuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32240,2019-03-29,"In this paper, through a systematic analysis of the currently available scientific literature, a state-of-the-art study on cybersecurity standards is performed focusing on Industry 4.0 and IoT technologies and the possible application of these standards in certification frameworks","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, gaur egunean eskuragarri dagoen literatura zientofikioaren behaketa sistematikoa gauzatuz, zibersegurtasunaren esparruko estándarren artearen egoera aztertzen da, betiere Industria 4.0 eta IoT teknologiak irizpide harturik. Estandar hauek zertifikazio berriak sortzeko orduan izan dezaketen garrantzia aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59920,2023-02-16,"English: Due to the influence of climate change on the production of energy in offshore installations, the aim of this work was to analyze with real historical data how the variation of wind and waves would directly influence the operation of a NREL wind turbine placed in Hywind-Scotland. In order to do this, we have first chosen to analyze theoretically the variation in power and mechanical loads of floating offshore NREL wind turbines, compared to onshore ones, caused by wave oscillations. Once this question was resolved, historical meteorological data - wind and wave conditions - from the Hywind-Scotland offshore installation over the last century were analyzed and consequently, how meteorological variation would affect the output of an NREL wind turbine installed at that site. In short, after analyzing the energy variation of a floating NREL wind turbine in different meteorological conditions, in the following section we wanted to test how it would operate in a real installation and analyze the historical production trend over the last century.","Euskara: Klima-aldaketak offshore instalazioetako energia-ekoizpenean duen eragina dela eta, lan honen bidez datu historiko errealekin aztertu nahi izan da haizearen eta olatuen aldakuntzak nola eragingo lukeen Hywind-Scotlanden jarritako NREL aerosorgailu baten operazioan. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, olatuek eragindako NREL offshore aerosorgailu flotatzaileen potentziaren eta karga mekanikoen aldaketa teorikoki aztertzea erabaki da. Gai hori ebatzi ondoren, Hywind-Scotlandeko offshore instalazioaren azken mendeko datu meteorologiko historikoak – haizea eta olatuak – aztertu dira, eta, ondorioz, nola eragingo zion aldaketa meteorologikoak leku horretan instalatutako NREL aerosorgailu baten ekoizpenari. Laburbilduz, NREL haize-sorgailu flotatzaile batek baldintza meteorologiko desberdinetan duen aldaketa energetikoa aztertu ondoren, hurrengo atalean instalazio erreal batean nola funtzionatuko lukeen probatu nahi izan da, eta azken mendeko produkzio-joera historikoa aztertu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27943,2018-07-05,"This research analyses the ""bertsolaritza"" as a discoursive community, this is, I have analyzed the discourse starting from the hypothesis that the bertsolaritza constitutes a community through the (shared) discursive practices. Characteristics of the discursive community have been studied from the perspective of the Social Psychology, in order to define the discourse and practices of said community, the topics of the 2001 and 2017 ""Euskal Herriko Bertsolari Txapelketa"" (Bertsolaris championship of the Basque Country) finals have been analyzed using the method of discourse analysis.","Ikerketa honetan Bertsolaritza diskurtso komunitate gisa aztertu dut, hau da, Bertsolaritza diskurtso praktika zenbaiten bidez osatutako komunitate bat delako hipotesitik zein diskurtso duen aztertu dut. Diskurtso komunitatearen ezaugarriak landu dira Gizarte Psikologiaren ikuspegitik, eta komunitate horren diskurtsoa eta praktikak zehazteko, 2001 eta 2017ko Euskal Herriko Bertsolari Txapelketaren finaleko gaiak analizatu dira diskurtso analisiaren metodologia erabiliz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67750,2024-05-08,"This project arises from the need to integrate Basque dances in a natural way in Primary Education, in order to provide the total development of the pupils and rich body language. It also aims to encourage pupils to internalise the basics of popular culture. In this way, the evolution of Basque dances and the need to work on them in the classroom have been examined. To this end, Bilbao and the reality of one of its schools have been analysed. On this basis, a didactic proposal has been designed for first and fifth grade pupils, with the aim of developing their interest in dance, by using the roles of dancer and musician. This initiative has enriched the school community’s life and has revealed the importance of giving it continuity for the future.","Lan hau euskal dantza Lehen Hezkuntzan modu natural batean integratzeko beharretik sortu da, ikasleen garapen osoa eta gorputz lengoaia aberats bat eskaini asmoz. Haurrek herri-kulturaren oinarria bereganatzea ere bultzatu nahi da. Gauzak horrela, euskal dantzetan eman den bilakaera eta ikasgelan hauek lantzearen beharrak aztertu dira. Horretarako, Bilbo eta bertako ikastetxe baten errealitatea aztertu da. Oinarri horrekin, lehenengo eta bosgarren mailarako proposamen didaktiko bat gauzatu da, dantzari eta musikari rolak erabiliz dantzarako zaletasuna garatzeko. Ekimen honek, eskola komunitatearen bizitza aberastu du eta etorkizunari begira, jarraikortasuna ematearen garrantzia agerian geratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25480,1997,"Judicial Police collaborates and aids to Judges and Courts and to the Public Prosecutor. Its intervention in relation to jurisdiction has different stages, nevertheless one might ask if in Spain exists a real Judicial Police, nonadministrative. Likewise, the problem of the limits to the activity of aid to jurisdiction is phrased. To manage a real Judicial Police there is a long way to cover which requires a deep reform of the Judicial Power.","Epai Polizia epaile eta auzitegien eta Ministerio Fiskalaren hur-hurreko lankidea eta laguntzailea da. Jurisdikzioari begira egiten duen lana hainbat mailatakoa da. Hala ere, galde egin liteke ea Espainiako Estatuan ba ote dagoen benetako Epai Poliziarik, administrazioaz kanpokorik. Horrekin batera, jurisdikzioari laguntzeko egiten duen jardueraren mugen arazoa azaltzen da. Oraindik bide luzea egin behar da Benetako Epai Polizia lortzeko, Epai Boterearen eraldaketa sakona tartean dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26311,1988,"The historical development of the Association, the structure of its composing institutions and also technical aspects of its intervention methods are studied.","Elkartearen garapen historikoa, osatzen duten erakundeen egitura eta eskuhartze-metodoek dituzten aspektu teknikoak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36836,2019-12-12,"Abstract: in this Final Degree project, an autonomous transport vehicle has been designed in order to automatically organize a warehouse. With this purpose, a vehicle has been designed and created that can operate as a forklift truck. A program developed in Arduino controls the different movements of this vehicle. This vehicle will be able to follow the way indicated by a line thanks to the use of infrared sensors. In addition, the trolley will be able to avoid obstacles in the workplace and measure distances, using an ultrasound sensor. Thanks to the autonomous movement of the trolley, the person who should be working on the forklift will be able to save time. This aforementioned time can be used for more relevant tasks that increase the added value of the worker. Besides, the safety of the employees will also be improved since this autonomous system contributes to avoid accidents in the factory. Finally, thanks to these two reasons, costs will be reduced in the long term. Before starting the research, thanks to the internship program offered by the University, the working environment of a warehouse has been analysed and some of the problems there could be observed. Therefore, it can be said that the idea of this work is based search for solutions of the problems observed during the activity in that warehouse. That is why the author tries to verify the fulfilment of the needs of the companies. Once the needs of the storage systems currently working have been analysed, the robot will be designed not only to save as much time as possible considering the relevance of the picking time on the business sector but also to improve the safety of the employees.","Laburpena: gradu Amaierako Lan honetan fabrika baten biltegian antolakuntza automatikoa egiteko erabili ahal izango litzatekeen ibilgailu bat diseinatu da. Horretarako, orga baten funtzionamendua beteko duen ibilgailu bat diseinatu eta eraiki da. Ibilgailu horren funtzionamendua Arduino mikrokontrogailu baten bidez kudeatuko da. Ibilgailua modu autonomoan lan egingo du, sentsore infragorri batzuen bidez lerro batekin definitutako bidea jarraitzeko gai izango da. Horretaz gain, biltegian dauden elementuak edo oztopoak saihesteko eta distantziak neurtzeko gaitasuna izango du, ultrasoinu sentsore baten bitartez baliatuta. Sistemak eskaintzen duen funtzionamendu automatikoa bertan lan egiten duten pertsonen denbora beste zeregin garrantzitsuago batzuetara bideratzeko aukera ematen du eta langileen segurtasuna ere hobetzen du. Gainera, kostuak murriztu egingo ditu epe luzean eta mugimendu eta biltegiratze sistemak hobetzen lagunduko du. Ikerketa hasi baino lehen, Unibertsitateak eskaintzen dituen praktiketan egindako lana aztertu da, lantegietan beharrezkoa den materiala bilatzeko eta bertan egiten den lana aztertzeko. Beraz, lan honen ideia lantegian ikusitako jardunean oinarritzen dela esan daiteke. Hori dela eta, enpresen beharrizanak betetzen direla egiaztatzen saiatu da egileak. Behin beharrizanak zeintzuk diren aztertuta eta gaur egun martxan dauden enpresetako biltegiratzen sistemak zeintzuk diren aztertuta, robotaren diseinua planteatuko da. Alde batetik, ahalik eta denbora gehien aurreztu nahi da enpresa arloan picking denborak duen garrantzi handia kontutan izanda. Bestetik, langileen segurtasuna ere hobetu nahi da istripuen arriskua murriztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59704,2023-02-07,"English: Construction has lost its traditional tone and has acquired a much more global meaning, the commitment to sustainability largely being the source of much of this change. Among the sustainability certificates that endorse this rise in Green Architecture, there is BREEAM, a methodology based on a cyclical assessment of ten constructive aspects, which has made it possible to recycle 100 % of the waste generated during the foundation phase of the TSH Donostia building.","Euskara: Aspaldian da eraikuntzak bere kutsu tradizionala galdu eta askoz ere esanahi globalagoa hartu duenik, jasangarritasunaren aldeko apustua izan delarik hein handi baten aldaketa horren iturri. Arkitektura berdearen gorakada hori bermatzen duten jasangarritasun ziurtagirien artean dago BREEAM, eraikuntzarekin erlazionatutako hamar aspekturen ebaluazio ziklikoan oinarritutako metodologia, zeini esker, TSH Donostia eraikinaren zimentazio fasean sortutako hondakinen % 100 birziklatzea lortu den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47009,2020-10-19,"INGLÉS. The aim of this final degree project is to design and set the differential protection of a power transformer located between transmission and distribution lines of an electrical power system. For this reason, Matlab mathematical computing software has been used in order to carry out the corresponding simulation of the line together with the protection installed on it. First, theoretical concepts related to a transformer differential protection are exposed so as to perform later the suitable simulation as well as a set of fault tests to check the protection.","EUSKERA. Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua transmisio eta banaketa sarearen artean dagoen potentzia transformadore baten babes diferentziala diseinatu eta doitzea da. Horretarako, Matlab informatikako sofwarea erabili da eta horren bitartez, lerroari dagokion simulazioa bertan instalatutako babesmenarekin batera egin da. Lehenik eta behin, transformadorearen babes diferentzialari buruzko kontzeptu teorikoak azalduko dira, ondoren, beharrezko simulazioa egiteko eta testeatu (probatu) ezin denez, baita honen entsegu saila bat ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59518,2023-01-26,"In recent decades, the mobile cellular communications market has seen much activity. Telecommunications operators are undergoing a digital transition to give users a real-time, on-demand experience. The fifth generation of mobile networks, or 5G, marks the start of the digitization of society’s interconnection. The telecommunications sector sees the next generation of mobile networks, as a critical growth factor for innovation and automation, resulting in increased commercial and economic competitiveness. 5G systems are planned to handle a wide range of application scenarios and use cases (for example, automotive, public services, smart cities, and medical care), each with its own needs. In this context, edge computing is considered one of the essential features in next-generation networks since it will allow for a flood of latency, throughput, and datasensitive edge-native applications. Edge application developers need edge infrastructure to host the application workload and network connectivity protocols to link application users to the nearest edge where the application workload is located. At the same time, in the vehicular sector, the growing amount of car-generated data is opening new possibilities for the automotive sector. The use of automotive data is strategic for industry players. New paradigms in car messaging and data gathering for establishing new opportunities are vital for expanding the ecosystem of connected and autonomous mobility services.In this context, this project aims to study the current state-of-the-art in edge computing, analyze the existing edge computing frameworks oriented to connected vehicle use case, and design a platform that will fit all the requirements of car-generated data management. The captured data will be processed on consumer demand in an edge server and delivered to the users through a cloud platform, being possible to filter the data between geographical positions.","Azken hamarkadetan, komunikazio zelularren merkatuak mugimendu handia bizi izan du. Telekomunikazio operadoreak trantsizio digital batean murgiltzen ari dira erabiltzaileei denbora errealean lan egiten dituzten esperientziak eskaini ahal izateko. Sare mugikorren bosgarren belaunaldiak, edo 5G-k, gizartearen interkonexioaren digitalizazioaren hasiera adierazten du. Telekomunikazioen sektoreak sare mugikorren hurrengo belaunaldia ikusten du berrikuntzaren eta automatizazioaren aldeko faktore kritiko gisa, lehiakortasun komertzial eta ekonomikoa handituko duelarik. Bosgarren belaunaldiko sistemak aplikazio eta erabilera kasu ugari (automobilgintza, zerbitzu publikoak, hiri adimentsuak eta osasun arreta zerbitzuak esaterako) kudeatzeko diseinatuak izan dira. Testuinguru honetan, muturreko konputazioa edo edge computing -a funtsezko ezaugarri bat da, izan ere latentzia gutxiko, errendimendu handiko edo denbora errealeko datuen inguruko aplikazioak ahalbidetzen dituelako. Edge computing aplikazioen garatzaileek edge azpiegiturak behar dituzte aplikazioen lan-kargak eta sare protokoloak ezartzeko, erabiltzaileak hurbilen dagoen edge-era konektatzeko, non bertan aplikazioa kokatuta egongo den. Aldi berean, automobilgintza sektorean, autoek sortzen dituzten datuak gero eta anitzagoak izateak, aukera berriak ireki dizkio automozioaren sektoreari. Kotxean sortutako informazioaren erabilera estrategikoa da industriako enpresentzat. Auto mezularitzan eta datuen bilketan paradigma berriak izatea ezinbestekoa da aukera berriak ezarri eta mugikortasun-zerbitzuen ekosistema zabaldu ahal izateko. Testuinguru honetan , proiektu honek Edge computing -eko artearen egoera aztertzea du helburu, ibilgailuei zuzendutako edge computing egitura edo framework-ak aztertuz, eta autoek sortutako datuak kudeatzeko sistema bat diseinatzea. Lortutako datuak kontsumitzaileen eskaripean tratatuko dira edge zerbitzari batean eta erabiltzaileei eskainiko zaizkie cloud plataforma baten bidez, datuak horiek kokapen geografikoaren arabera iragazi ahalko direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14302,2015-01-29,"In the aeronautics industry, materials with high hardness and low machinability are used. This implies the use of unconventional methods of manufacturing. For Blisk manufacturing, EDM process is an advantageous process over others. This paper will present to development, machining and dimensional inspection of machined blades.","Aeronautikaren munduan gogortasun altuko eta makinabilitate baxuko materialak gero eta gehiago erabiltzen ari da. Horregaitik fabrikazio prozesu ez ohikoen erabilpena sustatzen ari da. Blisk-en fabrikazio prozesuan elektrohigadura beste prozesu batzuekiko abantailak aurkezten ditu. Lan honetan lanabesen, mekanizazio eta alabe mekanizatuen kontrol dimensionalen prestaketa burutuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19167,2016-10-13,"The objective of this project is to design and simulate the traction control of a simplified electric vehicle. Some cars present high torque capability, so that the wheels can slip if high and sudden throttle changes occur. If this occurs, the wheels rotate much more faster than the velocity of the car so of power is lost and the cars is not able to go forward with enough strength. To achieve this, we reduce the power transmission to the wheels until we obtain the maximum traction. The first thing we need for this design is a model and it’s simulation. A model is a set of equations that describe the behavior of the car. Once we implement these equations in the simulator we will have to add a controller and tune it for the characteristics of the process.","Lan honen helburua, ibilgailu elektriko sinplifikatu baten trakzio kontrola diseinatzea eta simulatzea da. Potentzia nahikoa duten autoetan azeleragailua bat-batean sakatzen bada gurpilak laban egiten dute. Modu honetan potentzia galtzen dugu eta kotxeak ezin du modu egokian azeleratu. Hau lortzeko, erroberetara transmititutako potentzia gutxitzen dugu ahalik eta trakzio onena lortzeko helburuarekin. Lehenik egin behar dena, eredu matematiko bat lortzea eta simulatze da. Eredu bat autoaren portaera deskribatzen duten ekuazio multzoa da. Ondoren, ekuazio horiek simulagailuan inplementatu behar dira eta kontroladore bat gehitu. Azkenik, kontroladore hori sistemaren ezaugarrietara egokitu behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23348,2017-09,"Nowadays renewable energy and reduction of emission of greenhouse effect gases have a lot of importance. This is a reason why we need to look for new sources of energy which don´t depend on gas. Thermal machines, such as the heat pump, can warm up water or an environment without burning gas, consuming electricity in the process. In the following project we will analyse a heat pump´s efficiency by getting the values of the energetic performance and the exergetic performance. To be able to analyse this we will use a test realised on a heat pump by the University of the Basque Conutry.","Gaur egun energia berriztagarriek eta berotegi efektuko gasen murrizketa duten garrantziarekin ezinbestekoa da energi iturri berriak bilatzea erregai fosilekiko independentzia dutenak. Bero-ponpa bezalako makinek fluido eno ingurune bat berotzea ahalbidetzen dute erregai fosilik kontsumitu barik, energia elektrikoa kontsumituz prozesuan. Hurrengo lanean UBS ekoizteko aire-ur bero-ponba baten errendimendu energetiko eta exergetikoa aztertuko dira , horretarako EHU-k egindako entsegu batetaz baliatuko gara. Gainera, kostuen eta ordezkoen ikasketa bat gaineratuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18915,2014-07-02,"Based on a comprehensive concept of faculty development that aims to influence both individual (skills, concepts) and organizational and institutional levels, we focus on the ERAGIN program. This faculty development program, deals with active methodologies (Case Method, Problem-Based Learning and Project-Based Learning), through a long-term strategy (350 hours) and working in co-mentoring groups. Our study provides empirical evidence of the impact not only on teaching skills and conceptions about teaching and learning (T-L), but also on the ability for T-L research (scholarship of teaching and learning) as well as on educational leadership. Those aspects point to organizational change and support the progressive realization of the hybrid curriculum.","Unibertsitateko irakasleriaren garapenaren(IG) kontzeptu konprentsibotik abiatuta, doktorego tesi honek iraupen luzeko IG programen inpaktua du aztergai, bai maila indibidualean (kontzepzio eta hurbilketan) eta baita maila organizazional zein instituzionalean ere. Azterketa hau burutzeko metodologia aktiboen (arazoetan, proiektuetan eta kasuetan oinarritutako ikaskuntza) ERAGIN programaren lehendabiziko promozioa hartuko da kasu gisa. Iraupen luzeko estrategiaren (350 ordu) bidez eta ko-mentoria taldeen funtzionamenduan oinarrituz, ikerlan enpirikoak IG-ak irakasleriaren ikas-irakaskuntza kontzepzioetan eta hurbilketan izandako inpaktuaz ageriko ebidentziak ematen ditu, baina baita ikas-irakaskuntzaren inguruan ikertzeko (scholarship of teaching and learning) eta irakaskuntza eremuetan liderra izateko gaitasunaz ere. Honako alderdiok aldaketa organizazionalean murgiltzen gaituzte eta curriculum hibridoaren pausokako gauzapenaren alde lan egiten dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28345,2014,"Usually a way to characterize social differentiations in archeology is based on the distribution and differential access to goods. We consider the problem from a relational perspective that takes in account the multidimensionality of the material configurations of existence of past social groups as relational webs. Things and people come into play simultaneously and in different interrelated fields and are distributed accordingly in an uneven way in the social space, marking and reproducing inequalities. Thus, inequality is not only materially marked by different kinds of things and their differential access but also by equal materialities coming into play in different relationships. A case study in the Andes of northern Argentina, between the sixth and tenth centuries AD, will illustrate a relational analysis of the availability, distribution, quantity and variety of things in play in different material configuration, as an approach to the universe of possible different social positions.","Arkeologian, giza desberdintasunak ezaugarritzeko era bat ondasunen sarbide desberdinean eta horien banaketan oinarritu da. Ikuspuntu erlazional batetik arazoan pentsatzea proposatzen dugu, kontuan hartuta iraganeko taldeen izate-materialen konfigurazio multidimentsionalak, gauzen eta pertsonen arteko sare interrelazionak balira. Hauek aldibereko jokoan sartzen dira eta, emaitzen xedapenen arabera, ez bezalako banaketa ikusi dezakegu giza eremuan, desberdintasunak markatuz eta errepikatuz. Desberdintasuna markatuta egongo lirateke baita ere materialtasun berdinetatik, parte hartuta erlazio ezberdinetan material diskurtsiboen praktiken bitartez. Ikerketa kasu bat,hots, Argentinako Ipar Andeetan, VI eta X K.o. bitarteko mendeetan, erakuts dezake, konfigurazio material desberdinen aniztasun, kantitate, banaketa eta eskuragarritasunaren arabera lor dezakegun gizarte posizio aukera desberdinen inguruko hurbilketa bat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55052,2022-01-18,"Although aporophobia is a phenomenon that has existed for years, it has taken centuries to reach the conclusion that one of the keys to eradicating poverty was to eliminate hatred and contemptuous behaviours towards poor people. Therefore, taking as a starting point this statement by Adela Cortina, this Final Degree Project (FDP) has analysed how attitudes such as empathy, tolerance, respect and solidarity towards people who find themselves in a situation of economic poverty can be fostered in Early Childhood Education. An intervention proposal has also been developed and carried out. The results of it have shown that there are ways that can be effective in both the prevention and elimination of behaviours that promote aporophobia.","Aporofobia urteetan eta urteetan existitu den fenomenoa izanagatik ere, mendeak behar izan dira pobrezia deuseztatzeko gakoetako bat pobreekiko gorrotoa nahiz mespretxua areagotzen dituzten jokabideen ezabapena dela ondorioztatzeko. Hori dela eta, Adela Cortinaren baieztapen hura abiapuntu gisa hartuta, Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honen bidez, Haur Hezkuntzatik pobretasun ekonomikoan murgilduta dauden pertsonekiko enpatia, tolerantzia, errespetua eta solidaritatea nola areago daitekeen aztertu da. Halaber, etapa horretara zuzenduta dagoen esku-hartze proposamen bat osatu eta aurrera eraman da. Azken honen emaitzek Haur Hezkuntzatik aporofobiaren aldeko jarreren prebentzioa nahiz ezabapena sustatzerako bide eraginkorrak egon badaudela frogatu dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29498,2018-10-31,"Artificial intelligence is causing a technological revolution around the world. This new technological field brings a lot of benefits to our society both economically and socially. This project is focused on the study and analysis of of the different alternatives available for the development of an artificial vision software with the aim of its future implementation in the Industry 4.0. The recognition of objects and the annotation of them in next industrial revolution will be vital for the correct functioning of the machines in production. Throughout the development of the project, the process followed for the final annotation of objects belonging to the areas most affected by this future revolution will be detailed.","Adimen artifizialak, teknologia aldaketa handia eragiten ari da mundu osoan zehar. Arlo teknologiko berri honek, onura izugarriak dakartza ekonomia eta gizarterako. Proiektu hau, etorkizunean 4.0 industria inplementatzeko ikusmen-artifizialeko software baten disenurako erabilgarri dauden teknologi eta alternatiba desberdinen ikasketa eta analisian zentratuko da. Objetu desberdinen antzemana eta hauen oharrak hartzeak datorren industria-iraultzan izugarrizko garrantzia izango du, produkzioan makinen funtzionamendu egokia ziurtatzeko. Proiektuan zehar, iraultza-industrialean kalte gehien jasoko duten lan-arloetan ohar hartzeak lortzeko jarraitutako prozesua zehaztuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23109,2017-07,"this project consists of the installation and start up of a rotatory process machine. This machine simulates a high speed industrial process, controlled with high accuracy sensors. In order to carry out this project each device of the machine will be configured and developments for future related projects will be included. Finally, this machine will be used for laboratory practices in the University of the Basque Country, with the purpose of strengthening the practical knowledge of the students.","Gradu amaierako lan hau prozesu birakari baten ezarpenari dagokio. Postu honen helburua abiadura handiko prozesu industriala simulatzea da. Horretarako, zehaztasun handiko sentsorizazio sistema erabiltzen du. Lanaren gakoa lana osatzen duten gailu guztien konfigurazioa da. Gainera, proiektu honetan oinarrituta etorkizunerako hobejuntzak ere proposatuko dira. Azkenik, makina hau irakaskuntza postu modura erabiliko da Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatean, Automatikako laborategietan. Hau ikasleen jakintza praktikoarentzat bultzada handia suposatuko du, sentsorizazioaren munduan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29380,2018-10-30,"Online system, developed in Python and its web framework Django, capable of automatically collecting information from web pages and through the unfii ed use of various APIs of proven efectiveness, with the main purpose of conducting an analysis of the technologies used in its creation, identifying potential vulnerabilities in the process. It comes from a previous version of the project, encompasses all the stages of software development and includes a study of the results in which the main trends in web applications development are analyzed, at a local level.","Python eta bere web framework Django erabiliz garatutako onlineko sistema, web orrialdeen informazioa automatikoki biltzeko gai eta egiaztatutako eraginkortasuna duten hainbat API batuz, bere sorreran erabilitako teknologien analisia egitea helburu nagusiarekin, prozesuan dauden ahultasun potentzialak identi katuz. Proiektuaren aurreko bertsio batetik dator, software garapenaren fase guztiak biltzen ditu eta emaitzak aztertzen ditu web aplikazioak garatzeko joera nagusiak aztertzen, tokiko mailan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/61292,2023-06-02,"The main objetive of this work is to try to estimate the effect of the COVID on the occupancy rate of the Basque Autonomous Community. In order to estimate the effect of the COVID it has been created a pseudo-panel of data using the microdatas of the INE and later the temporal evolution of the occupancy rated has been modelated using two different models, one with a quadratic trend and the other a lineal one. Both models have been estimated by ordinary least squares (OLS) with the Arellano variances corrections. The lineal model will be beter adjusted to the reality than the cuadratic ones, and the results obtained through GRETL are the following ones: it is estimated that COVID generated a decrease in the occupancy rate of 1.3% in 2019 and of 4.5% in 2020 in the Basque Autonomous Community.","Lan honen helburu nagusia COVID-19ak EAEko okupazio-tasan eragindako eragina kalkulatzea da. Horretarako INEk eskainitako datuetatik abiatuta datu pseudo-panel bat sortu da. Pandemiaren eragina kalkulatu ahal izaeko okupazio-tasaren denbora-bilakaera modelizatu egin da, hainbat eredu ekonometriko proposatuz, bata joera koadratikoarekin eta bestea joera lineal bat jarraituz. Bi ereduak KTM bidez estimatu dira, Arellanok proposatutako zuzenketak erabiliz bariantzak kalkulatzeko orduan. Eredu lineala errealitatera parabolikoa baino hobeto egokitzen da, eredu parabolikoa COVID-aren eragina gainestimatzen du eta. Eredua GRETL bidez estimatu ondoren, esan dezakegu 2019an okupazio tasak %1,3ko murrizketa jaso zuela pandemia dela eta, eta hurrengo urtean, 2020an, murrizketa hori %4,5koa izan zela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23054,2013,"The life and work of philanthropist and inspector of prisons of English, John Howard (1726-1790), is analyzed, specially his ideas about the infrastructure, segregation, security and hygiene for jails and detention facilities in Europe. His influence is also distinguished in the Penitentiaries origins as a theoretical expression and material of the humanitarian idealist and rationalist at the end of XVIII century. Likewise, the investigation searches to develop some ideas about the impact of these notions in the genesis of the scientific and architectural penitentiaries in the Old Continent, then, in Chile during the first half of XIX century.","Ingalaterrako John Howard (1726-1790) filantropo eta espetxe-ikuskatzailearen bizitza eta lana aztertzen da, eta, bereziki, Europako espetxeetarako eta giltzapeko establezimenduetarako azpiegiturari, banaketari, segurtasunari eta higieneari buruzko ideiak lantzen dira. Era berean, espetxeen jatorrian izan zuen eragina nabarmentzen da, XVIII. mende amaierako ideia humanistaren eta arrazionalistaren adierazpen teoriko eta material gisa. Halaber, ikerketaren xedea zenbait ideia garatzea da ideia horiek XIX. mendeko lehen erdian Kontinente Zaharreko eta, gero, Txileko espetxe-zientziaren eta espetxe-arkitekturaren arloen sorreran." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31763,2019-02-28,"Keeping the balance between what we are and what we are made to be, having as objective the active individual awareness of the social networks that provide personal information to other individuals and collectives, it will be announced the launch of a software platform that will work the shortcomings that have the social networks today. Through this platform, which is led to a formal educational environment, students will work several exercises applied to the awareness and improvement in a short term for those user who show their own digital identity. This project is aimed at those students who are new to the use of social networks, mainly those who are enrolled in the third cycle of primary school.","Garenaren eta ez garenaren arteko balantzan, gutaz eskaintzen dugun informazioak gainontzeko norbanako indibidual zein kolektiboengan izan ditzaketen ondorioak helburu izanik, gaur egungo sare sozialetan diren gabeziak lantzeko software plataforma berri baten sorrera emango da lan honetan. Ikasketa-eremu formalean garatuko den plataforma honen bitartez, gizarte honetan nahita zein nahi gabe elkar banatzen dugun nortasun digitalaz ohartaraziz, etorkizunera begira modu egoki batean bideratu ahal izateko lanketak burutuko dira. Proiektu hau, gertakari honi hasiera ematen zaion adin tartera bideratuko da, hain zuzen ere, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50182,2021-02-12,"In this end degree project, and taking into account as a primary basis, the horizontality and diversity, a prevention proposal in Basauri prison for people, who in their first year of prison have not had any contact with drugs is presented. This project investigates different theories about drugs, drug’s addiction and preventative measures and programs to combat addiction that are provided in Spanish prisons, thus be able to justify the program that is presented. This project has a main target: Make a prevention program regarding drugs addiction considering Basauri prison reality for improving life quality of the people involved in this program and be able to make a project life for these persons and promote the importance of prevention.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan disziplinartekotasuna, horizontaltasuna eta aniztasuna oinarritzat hartuz, Basauriko kartzelan txertatzeko drogekin kontaktua izan ez duten, kartzelatu berrien drogekiko prebentzio programaren proposamena planteatzen da. Lan honetan, droga, droga-menpekotasuna eta Espainiako kartzeletan dauden prebentzio eta programei buruzko hainbat teoria desberdin aztertuko dira planteatzen den programa justifikatzeko. Lan honek helburu nagusi bat dauka: Basauriko kartzelako errealitatearekin bat datorren droga-menpekotasuneko prebentzioa egitea, programan parte hartuko duten pertsonei bizi kalitatea hobetzeko, haien bizi proiektua sortzeko eta prebentzioaren garrantzia sustatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54007,2021-11-23,"Ingles: As it has seen in recent years, it is not possible to maintain the current energy model. Therefore, a new energy model is required, one that is sustainable and respectful of the environment; an energy model that is free of fossil fuels, in such a way as to reduce another derived problem, climate change. The ""power to gas"" technology fits in this new energy model required, since it fulfills the requirements previously indicated, producing synthetic methane by means of carbon dioxide and renewable hydrogen. In the ""power to gas"" technology, the carbon dioxide required for the reaction together with the hydrogen from polluting emissions, thus avoiding emissions to the atmosphere, as well as having a renewable origin, such as biogas. As required hydrogen is obtained from hydrolysis water, using wind energy or solar energy when there is a surplus. For this reason, and as a challenge of the process, it will be necessary to obtain a high conversion of carbon dioxide. In this respect, the aim of this project will be to obtain an optimum catalyst for the process, free of noble metals. After analyzing different bibliographic sources, the decision was to work with Ni-Co based catalysts using a hydrotalcite as precursor, and each of them with different percentages of Ni and Co. For the purpose of analyzing the suitability of the catalyst, as well as its optimum operating conditions, different catalytic and photocatalytic tests were carried out in the ultraviolet and visible light range. It was observed that the catalyst called HTC 3 Co obtained the best results; for a light in the 470nm range, the maximum conversion was obtained at lower temperatures, between 250-300ºC. In conclusion, the use of Ni-Co catalysts derived from a hydrotalcite, and through the application of light in the visible range during the reaction, could be a new efficient, profitable and sustainable energy model for methane production, using noble metal-free catalysts. This alternative could replace fossil fuels and thus contribute to curbing climate change.","Euskera: Azkenaldian ikusi ohi izan denez, gaur egungo eredu energetikoarekin jarraitzea ez da bideragarria. Hori dela eta, jasangarria eta inguruarekiko errespetagarria den eredu energetiko berri baten beharra dago; erregai fosilik gabeko eredua, modu horretan eratorritako beste arazo bat arinduz, klima aldaketa. ""Power to gas"" teknologia bat dator eredu energetiko berri horrekin; izan ere, aurrez adierazitako baldintzak betetzen ditu, eta metano sintetikoa sortzen du karbono dioxidoaren eta hidrogeno berriztagarriaren bidez. ""Power to gas"" teknologian, hidrogeno berriztagarriarekin batera erreakzionatzeko behar den karbono dioxidoa isuri kutsatzaileetatik etor daiteke eta modu horretan, atmosferara isuria ekidin dezake, edota jatorri berriztagarria izan, biogasa bezala. Beharrezko hidrogenoari dagokionez, uraren hidrolisi bidez lortzen da, energia eolikoa edo eguzki energia erabiliz, beti ere soberakina dagoenean. Horrela, prozesuko erronka nagusia karbono dioxidoaren konbertsio altua lortzea izango da. Hortaz, proiektuaren helburua prozesurako katalizatzaile optimoa lortzea izango da, metal noblerik gabea. Iturri bibliografiko desberdinak aztertu ondoren, Ni-Co-n oinarritutako katalizatzaileekin lan egitea erabaki zen, aitzindari gisa hidrotaltzita erabiliz, eta horietako bakoitza Ni eta Co ehuneko ezberdinekin. Katalizatzailearen egokitasuna eta funtzionamendu baldintza optimoak aztertzeko, saiakuntza katalitiko eta fotokatalitiko ezberdinak egin ziren argi ultramorearekin eta ikusgaiarekin. Tenperatura eta argi-tarte optimoak zehaztu ahal izateko, saiakuntzak abiadura espazial konstantean egin ziren. Guzti horretatik, HTC 3 Co izeneko katalizatzaileak emaitza onenak lortu zituela ikusi zen; 470nm bitarteko argi batentzat konbertsio maximoa tenperatura baxuagotan lortzen zen, 250-300ºC artean. Ondorioz, hidrotaltzita batetik eratorritako Ni-Co katalizatzaileak erabiltzea, erreakzioan zehar ikusgai tartean dagoen argia aplikatuta, metanoaren ekoizpenean eredu energetiko eraginkor, errentagarri eta jasangarri berri bat izan liteke, metal noblerik gabeko katalizatzaileak erabiliz. Alternatiba honek erregai fosilak ordezka ditzake eta, hortaz, klima aldaketa geldiarazten lagun dezake." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51878,2021-06-15,"As it can be seen in the title, this study makes a comparison of the labour markets of the Spanish State and the Basque Autonomous Community from a gender inequality perspective, which is known as gender segregation. This research analyses the possible reasons that explain the still notable differences between men and women in the workplace, from the different theories proposed by authors specialized in the topic, to the different types of factors that hinder the labor progression of women and therefore affect this segregation. It also analyses the programmes and practices that organizations implement with the aim of integrating gender equality into the labour market and thus ending these gender differences. Finally, in order to obtain evidences related to the study, several indexes have been used to observe the level of segregation existing in the Spanish State and in the Basque Autonomous Country. The horizontal and vertical segregations are analyzed in order to have a broader information of the market. Also, to know the behaviour of both groups, going as far as to checking in both how the level of studies of workers can affect these segregation. Lastly, they are quantified in order to make an effective comparison between the two territories.","Izenburuan ikus daitekeen bezala, lan honetan Espainiako estatuko eta Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko lan merkatuak alderatzen dira generoen arteko desberdintasun ikuspegi batetik, generoen arteko segregazioa bezala ezagutzen dena. Lan honek, gaur egun lan-arloan gizonen eta emakumeen artean alde nabarmenak zergatik dauden aztertzen du. Horretarako,gai honetan espezializatutako egileek proposatzen dituzten teorietatik hasi eta emakumeek lan merkatuan aurrera egitea zailtzen dutenfaktore mota desberdinak ikusiko dira, segregazio honetan eragin handia edukiko dutenak. Halaber, erakundeek abian jartzen dituzten programak eta praktikak aztertzen dira, genero-berdintasuna lan merkatuan txertatzeko asmoarekin eta, honela, genero-desberdintasun hauekin amaitzeko. Azkenik, aztergai den fenomenoaren inguruko ebidentziak eskuratzeko, hainbat adierazle erabiltzen dira Espainiako estatuan eta Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan dagoen segregazio maila behatzeko. Aztertzen diren segregazio motak segregazio horizontala eta segregazio bertikala dira, lan merkatuari buruzko informazio zabalagoa izateko eta bi kolektiboen portaera ezagutzeko, eta langileen ikasketa-mailak segregazio hauetan ere nola eragin dezakeen egiaztatzera iristen da. Segregazio hauek, azkenik, bi lurraldeen arteko alderaketa eraginkorragoa egin ahal izateko kuantifikatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29251,2018-10-23,"The objective of the present final degree project is to establish a control of speed and positioning of a structure with three Cartesian axes with the SIMOTION motion control system offered by the Siemens brand. To carry out this job, it will be essential to know the characteristics and the operation of the equipment the system is compound with, whether they are real or virtual. Subsequently, we will proceed to design the necessary code combining two different languages (MCC and ST) in order to load and execute the desired application, either in simulation or in the machine. Finally, the structure in which the proposed application will be taken to reality, will be built.","Hemen aurkitzen dugun gradu amaierako lan honetan, Siemens markak eskeinitako SIMOTION mugimendu kontrol sisteman oinarritzen den hiru ardatz kartesiarren posizio eta abiaduraren kontrola proposatzen da. Horretarako, beharrezkoa izango da sistema osatzen duten ekipoen ezaugarriak eta hauen funtzionamendua guztiz ulertzea, nahiz eta hauek errealak zein birtualak izan. Ondoren, makinan zein simulazioan konprobatu eta exekutatzeko helburuarekin, kodigoa bi lengoaia ezberdin konbinatuz (MCC eta ST) idatziko da. Bukatzeko, desiratutako aplikazioa burutuko den prototipoa eraikiko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69073,2024-07-29,"INTRODUCTION: Low adherence (60-70%) is one of the main problems to face in the management of patients with epilepsy. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the influencing factors of treatment adherence in a sample of Monographic Epilepsy patients in order to compare the results with a review of the available literature. METHODS: A cross-sectional study in which we evaluate the level of adherence of a 48 patients’ sample, diagnosed with Epilepsy and in an ongoing antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy. The adherence was measured with the Morisky-Green test, and the data was analyzed by the Fisher´s exact test. Furthermore, we made a review of the available literature both in PubMed and Cochrane databases. In PubMed, the research was made with “Epilepsy” [Majr] AND “Medication Adherence” [Mesh] AND “Anticonvulsant” [Mesh] and “Epilepsy” [Majr] AND “Medication Adherence” [Mesh] AND “Age Groups” [Mesh]. On the other hand, in Cochrane we searched with “SUDEP” keyword. RESULTS: The adherence in our sample was quite high, of 81.25%. The majority of participants in our study were male (58.33%), 30-60 years old (47.92%), without comorbid psychiatric illness (62.5%), with focal epilepsy (54.17%), with >2 years of disease duration (95.83%), ≤ 2 seizure per month (79.17%) and treated with > 2 AED (60.41%). Even though none of the variables were significantly related with compliance, adherence was lower in male, young patients, without psychiatric comorbidity, focal epilepsy, duration of epilepsy > 2 years, proper illness control and in monotherapy. In relation with the reviewed authors, factors related with non-adherence were younger age, low socioeconomic class, psychiatric comorbidity, generalized epilepsy, high seizure frequency and polytherapy. The main reason for non-adherence was forgetfulness. CONCLUSIONS: To assess the risk factors related with non-adherence is a quite complex procedure. It demands more research in order to reach conclusions to carry out tools which would not just reinforce and encourage treatment compliance among patients but improve illness prognosis and quality of life.","SARRERA: Epilepsia-kontrakoen kunplimendu baxua (60-70%), Epilepsia daukaten pazienteen tratamenduaren inguruko oinarrizko arazoa da. HELBURUAK: Epilepsia kontsulta monografikotik ateratako pazienteek gaixotasunaren kontrako tratamendua betetzean influentzia daukaten arrisku faktoreak zehaztea, argitaratutako literaturarekin alderaketa egiteko helburuarekin. METODOLOGIA: Epilepsia diagnostiko baieztatua daukaten, eta gaur egun epilepsia-kontrakoekin tratamenduan dauden, 48 paziente lagin baten tratamendu betetze mailan influentzia daukaten arrisku faktoreak ebaluatu ditugun zeharkako azterketa. Kunplimendu maila Morisky-Green testaren bidez neurtu genuen eta, ondoren, lortutako emaitzak Fisher proba zehatzaren bidez aztertu genituen. Horrez gain, PubMed eta Cochrane datu-baseetan eskuragarri zegoen literaturaren berrikuspena egin genuen. Alde batetik, PubMed-en Epilepsy” [Majr] AND “Medication Adherence” [Mesh] AND “Anticonvulsant” [Mesh] eta “Epilepsy” [Majr] AND “Medication Adherence” [Mesh] AND “Age Groups” [Mesh] bilaketa egin zen eta; beste aldetik, Cochrane-n, “SUDEP” hitz gakoa erabili genuen araketa egiteko. EMAITZAK: Ikerketan lortutako tratamendu betetze maila altua izan zen, 81.25%-koa.. Gure pazienteen gehiengoak gizonak ziren (58.33%), 30-60 urte tartean (47.92%), gaixotasun psikiatriko barik (62.5%), epilepsia fokalarekin (54.17%), >2 urteko gaixotasun garapenarekin (95.83%), ≤ 2 hileko krisiekin (79.17%) eta politerapian (60.41%). Alderaketa estatistikoan esangura lortu ez bagenuen ere, kunplimendu emaitzak gizonetan, gazteetan, gaixotasun psikiatrikorik gabeko pazienteetan, epilepsia fokalean, >2 urteko gaixotasunaren garapenarekin, krisien kontrol onarekin eta monoterapian, txarragoak izan ziren. Literatura berrikuspenari dagokionez, urte gutxiago, maila sozioekonomiko baxuagoa edo gaixotasun psikiatriko bat izateak; baita epilepsia orokorra, krisi frekuentzia altua izateak eta politerapian egoteak, betetze maila baxuagoekin erlazionatuta daudela ikusi zen. Tratamendua ez hartzearen oinarrizko arazoa dosia ahaztea izan zen. ONDORIOAK: Tratamenduaren betetze baxuan influentzia daukaten arrisku faktoreak zehaztea prozedura konplexua da. Horrezkero, bere arloaren inguruko ikerketa gehiago egiteko beharra dago; es soilik tratamenduaren kunplimendua sustatzeko eta indartzeko erremientak garatzeko, baita gaixoen pronostikoa eta bizitza kalitatea hobetzeko ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75405,2025-11-05,"This paper analyzes sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels in the transportation sector, focusing on the automotive field. It examines three main technologies: electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and synthetic fuels or e-fuels. The study explores the historical and technical evolution of each, analyzing their operation, energy efficiency, and technological maturity. It compares the environmental impact of each solution, including calculations of real greenhouse gas emissions based on current data. The viability of each technology is also examined in the context of different countries, considering infrastructure, energy mix, and national policies. The aim is to assess which technologies offer a viable path to decarbonize road transport in the short and long term.","Lan honetan, garraioaren sektorean erregai fosilen alternatiba jasangarriak aztertzen dira, automobilaren arloan arreta jarriz. Hiru teknologia nagusi aztertzen dira: ibilgailu elektrikoak, hidrógeno-pilan oinarritutako ibilgailuak eta erregai sintetikoak. Bakoitzaren bilakaera tekniko eta historikoa, funtzionamendua, eraginkortasuna eta heldutasuna aztertzen dira. Ingurumen-inpaktu erreala eta berotegi-efektuko gasen emisioak datu eguneratuetan oinarrituta konparatzen dira. Halaber, teknologia horien bideragarritasuna herrialde ezberdinetan aztertzen da, azpiegitura, energia-iturrien osaera eta politika nazionalak kontuan hartuta. Helburua da epe labur eta luzean errepide-garraioa deskarbonizatzeko aukera bideragarrien azterketa kritikoa egitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60859,2023-04-21,"The increase in sedentary lifestyle and the consumption of ultra-processed foods has generated a rapid expansion of the obesity epidemic. The authorities and experts are trying to put a stop to this expansion, but for this the joint work of different groups is important. Education at its different levels has the obligation to respond to this and other needs presented by society. That is why the present work presents the proposal for an annual program of the physical education subject of 3rd year of ESO that focuses on health and aims to improve the life habits of students. In addition, a didactic unit has been developed as an example that has the objective of training students in healthy eating habits.","Sedentarismoaren eta ultraprozesatuen kontsumoaren gorakadak obesitatearen epidemia azkar hedatzea eragin du. Gobernuak eta adituak hedapen hori geldiarazten saiatzen ari dira, baina, horretarako, garrantzitsua da hainbat kolektibok elkarrekin lan egitea. Hezkuntzak, bere maila guztietan, gizarteak dituen behar horri eta beste batzuei aurre egiteko erantzukizuna du. Horregatik, DBH 3. Mailako ikasleentzat zuzendutako Gorputz Hezkuntza irakasgaiaren urteko programazioaren proposamen bat aurkezten du lan honek. Proposamen hori osasunean zentratzen da eta ikasleen bizi-ohiturak hobetzea du helburu. Gainera, adibide gisa unitate didaktiko bat garatu da, elikadura-ohitura osasuntsuetan hezitzea helburu duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29476,2018-10-31,The objective of this project will be to carry out the design and calculations of a three-bladed horizontal axis wind turbine of 2MW of power.,Lan honen helburua 2MW ardatz horizontaleko aerosorgailu hirupalaren transmisioa kalkulatzea eta diseinatzea da. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25259,2002,"At the moment, problems related to the phenomenon of drugs can be identified at three levels: production, traffic and use. In the different levels mentioned, some damage come from the activities directly related to drugs, whereas other harm is derived from the control activities, that is to say, it constitutes the nonwished consequences of the policies in this matter. Nevertheless, we can observe that the international drug control policy aims the harm reduction only at level of use and not in relation to the production or the drug traffic.","Gaur egun hiru mailetan identifikatu daitezke drogekin erlazionatutako arazoak: produkzioa, trafikoa eta kontsumoa. Aipatutako maila ezberdinetan arrisku batzuk drogekin zuzenean erlazionatutako ekintzengatik datoz, beste batzuk berriz kontrol ekintzetatik ateratzen dira, hau da, drogen inguruan jarraitzen diren politikek nahi ez dituzten ondorioak dira. Hala ere, esan beharra dago, drogen kontroleko nazioarteko politikak arriskuen murrizketa kontsumoarekiko jarraitzen dutela, eta ez produkzioa edo trafikoarekiko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63071,2023-06-07,"This Final Degree Project is going to deal with the requirement of financial liability of the authorities and personnel in the service of Local Entities, a legal figure that represents a closure of the system of financial liability. A theoretical analysis will be made of the legal regulation from a local perspective, with the support of case law and doctrine. Specifically, after analysing the figure of the patrimonial liability of the Public Administration, the necessary requirements to be able to apply the repetition action will be studied, ending with the presentation of other types of liability in which these subjects may incur.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Toki Erakundeen zerbitzura dauden agintari eta langileei ondare-erantzukizuna exijitzea aztertuko da. Ondare-erantzukizuneko sistema ixten duen figura juridikoa da. Lege-erregulazioaren azterketa teorikoa egingo da toki-ikuspegitik, jurisprudentziaren eta doktrinaren erabileraren laguntzarekin. Zehazki, Administrazio Publikoaren ondare-erantzukizuna aztertu ondoren, errepikatze-akzioa aplikatu ahal izateko beharrezko baldintzak aztertuko dira, eta, amaitzeko, pertsona horiek dituzten beste erantzukizun mota batzuk aurkeztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55482,2022-02-14,"This paper focuses on the analysis of society’s perception of single-marental migrant women and how people adopt certain stigmatising attitudes toward them. In order to achieve this, a quantitative study was carried out, involving 630 people from different regions of Spain. The data were analysed through the SPSS statistical programme. In addition, a qualitative interview model was designed and conducted, involving 15 single-parent migrant women. The interviews were analysed using the multidimensional analysis tool of Iramuteq texts. The results show that the level of studies and political ideology were determining variables in terms of stigmatisation of single-parent migrant women, with these having a direct relationship with intolerant idearies and attitudes. The results also revealed the difficulties faced by single-parent migrant women in certain vital areas related to the reconciliation of childcare, labour, lack of interpersonal relationships and economic difficulties","Lan honetan, gizarteak guraso bakarreko emakume migratzaileari buruz duen pertzepzioa aztentzen da, bai eta pertsonek emakume horiekiko jarrera estigmatitzaile jakin batzuk nola hartzen dituzten ere. Hori lortzeko, azterlan kuantitatibo bat egin zen, eta Espainiao Estatuko hainbat eskualdeko 630 pertsonak parte hartu zuten. Datuak SPSS estatistika programaren bidez aztertu ziren. Gainera, elkarrizketa eredu kualitatibo bat diseinatu eta egin zen, eta guraso bakarreko 15 emakumen migratzailek parte hartu zuten. Elkarrizketak Iramuteq testuen analisi multidimentsionalerako tresnaren bidez aztertu ziren. Emaizek erakusten dutezen, ikasketa maile eta ideología politikoa aldagai erabakigarriak izan ziren guraso bakarreko emakume migratzaileen estigmatizazioari dagokionez, eta horiek harreman zuzen izan zuten ideario eta jarrera intoleranteekin. Era berean, emaitzek agerian utzi zuten guraso bakarreko emakume migratzaileek zailtasunak dituztela beren seme-alaben zaintza uztartzearekin, laneremuarekin, pertsonen arteko harremakin ezarekin eta izaera ekonomikoko zailtasunekin lotutako bizi-eremu jakin batzuetan.Introducción" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50963,2021-04-15,"In this essay, starting from the needs and flaws identified in the field of Primary Education related to sustainability in education, interest arises to develop a work dynamic and performance with its own identity in the school environment, that will allow to deepen continuously in the knowledge of the relation between Nature and human well-being. Therefore in the present final degree project, an educational proposal has been carried out, which included a number of in-depth interviews with professionals working in the field of environment, sustainability and education, in order to help in the identification of the needs previously described, as well as to validate and improve the educational proposal initially raised. It would have a specific student body, a dynamic supported in resources and activities to be developed in a participative way and in work groups. All of it coordinated by an environmental animator with pedagogical preparation or by a teacher prepared for such task. Its objective will be to obtain a significant learning, so that through an active operation, in the future, primary education students will be ready to transfer this same concern about sustainable development and human well-being beyond the school environment. Thanks to the contributions of the interviewed professionals, the initial educational proposal has been strengthened and improved, adapting itself better to the needs of the schools. Therefore, it is expected that the resulting work will be an interesting contribution for the primary education schools that want to advance even further towards a more integrated environmental and social education.","Lan honetan, jasangarritasuneko hezkuntzari dagokionez, Lehen Hezkuntzan identifikatutako behar eta gabezietatik abiatuz, eskola-eremuan nortasun propioa duen lan-dinamika eta funtzionamendua planteatzen da, Naturaren eta gizakien ongizatearen arteko erlazioa era etengabean jorratzeko. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako lan honetan, hezkuntza-proposamen bat egin da, eta elkarrizketa sakonak egin zaizkie ingurumenaren, jasangarritasunaren eta hezkuntzaren arloan lan egiten duten profesionalei, jada aipatutako beharren identifikazioa indartzeko eta hasieran planteatutako proposamen didaktikoa balioztatzeko eta hobetzeko. Ikasleriaren antolaketa zehatz bat izango luke, baliabideetan oinarritutako dinamika bat izanik, baita lantaldean eta era aktibo batean oinarritutako jarduerak ere. Guzti hau, pedagogiarako ahalmena duen ingurumen dinamizatzaile batek edota zeregin honetarako zehazki prestatutako irakasle batek koordinatuko luke. Honen helburua, ikaskuntza esanguratsu bat lortzea da, etorkizunean lehen hezkuntzako ikasleriak garapen jasangarriarekiko eta gizakien ongizatearekiko ardurak eskolak dituen ateetatik hartago igarotzeko. Inkestatutako profesionalen ekarpenei esker, hasierako hezkuntza-proposamena indartu eta hobetu egin da, ikastetxeetako beharretara hobeto moldatuz. Hori dela eta, ondoriozko lan hau, ingurumen eta gizarte hezkuntza integratuagoa lortzeko bidean aurrera egin nahi duten lehen hezkuntzako eskolentzat ekarpen interesgarria izatea espero da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37054,2019-12-19,"Abstract: in this new era dominated by digital technologies, industry is undergoing a process of a profound transformation. This has become one of the biggest challenges of today, and even more to those small and familiar industries, such as cider production. Like a traditional business, cider companies are not aware of the advantages 4.0 Industry movement could offer in a way of productivity and profitability. Therefore, this project is going to analyse the new Industry models and it is going to develop an infrastructure that would help to improve the cider traceability system by digitalizing all the information of cider making process","Laburpena: teknologia digitalek agintzen duten aro honetan, industria eraberritze sakon bat jasaten ari da. Hau gaurkotasuneko erronka handienetakoa bilakatu da, eta are handiagoa sagardogintza industria bezalako industria txiki eta familiartekoentzat. Negozio tradizional moduan, sagardo ekoizleak ez dira 4.0 Industriak produktibitate eta errentagarritasunean ekar ditzaken onuren jabe. Hau horrela izanik, proiektu honen bitartez Industria eredu berrien garrantzia aztertuko da eta sagardoren trazabilitatearen kudeaketa hobetzen lagunduko duen azpiegitura bat diseinatu, bere ekoizpen prozesuan zeharreko informazio guztia digitalizatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31476,2019-02-11,"In gender-based violence eradication campaigns, explicit violence is always emphasized, while disregarding a more subtle form of violence, the so called “micromachismos”, which are actions socially rooted in the culture of patriarchy. Throughout the development of a guide targeted to professionals working with teenagers, it has been intended to grant visibility to this kind of submerged violence. Also, in the aforementioned guide, five keys have been suggested to help these professionals detect “micromachismos” in their social and educational effort with teenagers.","Emakumeen aurkako indarkeri erauzte kanpainetan indarkeri esplizitua azpimarratu egin da, indarkeri leunak edo mikromatxismoak kontuan izan barik, kultura patriarkalean sozialki sustraitutako ekintzak. Bere ekintza sozioedukatiboa nerabeekin garatzen duten profesionalei zuzendurik dagoen egindako gida baten bidez urperatutako indarkeria ikusgai egin nahi izan da. Bertan profesionalek nerabeekin garatzen duten ekintza sozioedukatiboan mikromatxismoak antzematen lagun dezaketen bost gako proposatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24382,2010,"Since the Spanish law 28/2005 becomes effective on 2006, every form of advertising and sponsoring the tobacco products is forbidden. The present review analyzes the current legal restrictions, resumes the evidences on the effectiveness of these restrictions measures, examine the main promotion strategies for tobacco multinational companies and shows the need to go beyond the actual legislation to guarantee an environment free of pressures.","2006. urtean Espainian 28/2005 legea indarrean sartu zenetik tabakoaren produktuen publizitate eta babes laguntza guztiz debekatuta dago. Berrikusketa honetan, indarrean dauden lege murrizketak aztertzen dira, murrizketa neurrien eraginkortasunari buruzko ebidentziak laburbiltzen dira, tabako multinazionalen promozio estrategiak aztertzen dira eta egungo legeriatik haratago joatearen beharra azaltzen digu presioetatik libre dagoen ingurunea bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36710,2019-12-04,"Inglés This paper describes the NG911 Indoor Location project and, more specifically, the Android app that has been developed for it. Since current GPS technology is unable to locate people in buildings in cases of emergency, this project offers a solution to this problem, providing a way to obtain the indoor location of a person. The NG911-Indoor-Location app will obtain the indoor location of the calling device using nearby Bluetooth beacons and the BOSSA Platform. First, the app will scan for Bluetooth beacons in the building, obtaining a list of them. Then, it will query the BOSSA Platform with this list which will answer with the indoor location (address, building, floor, x, y). Finally, it will establish a SIP call, sending the received indoor location in it. This will be done to provide a more accurate location for the person to be easily located in the case of an emergency.","Euskera Dokumentu honek NG911 Indoor Location (barne-kokapena) proiektua deskribatzen du eta, zehatzago esanda, horretarako garatu den Android aplikazioa deskribatzen du. Larrieldietan GPSak eraikinen barruko pertsonak aurkitu ezin dituenez gero, eraikinen barrualdean dauden persona horien kokapena lortzeko bidea garatu egin da. NG911 Indoor Location aplikazioak deiak egiten dituen gailuaren kokapena lortuko du, gertuen dauden Bluetooth beaconen bidez jasotako seinaleak eta BOSSA plataforma erabiliz. Lehendabizi, eraikinean jarritako beaconetatik datozen Bluetooth seinaleen araketa egingo da, haien lista bat sortuz. Ondoren, BOSSA plataformari kontsulta bat egingo dio lista horrekin, eta BOSSA plataformak barne-kokapenarekin erantzungo du (helbidea, solairua, x, y). Azkenik, SIP deia burutuko da, dei horretan lortutako barne-kokapena bidaliz. Honen helburua kokapen zehatzago bat lortzea da, larrialdi bat egonez gero, pertsona azkar eta errazago aurki dadin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60260,2023-03-06,"In this Final Degree Project, a Corporal Expression intervention has been carried out through Learning Service for children who have difficulties to carry out extracurricular activities in small towns. The didactic sequence developed has been developed in the town of Campezo and has been addressed to children who are between 6 and 12 years old. The main objective of this work is to develop a program of corporal expression, aimed at children who live in small towns and have little opportunities to take part in extracurricular activites. As for the second objective, it is to analyze the possibilities offered by corporal expression to guarantee the inclusion of children, developing the necessary attitudes to communicate and express themselves through games, the body and verbal and non-verbal language. On the other hand, a categorization system was used to analyze what was collected in the research diary about the four sessions carried out. As for the conclusions, the benefits of the Service-Learning and Physical Expression have been analyzed and, finally, the limitations and proposals for improvement of this work are explained.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan herri txikietan eskolaz kanpoko ekintzen eskaintza eskasa kontuan hartuta, Ikaskuntza Zerbitzuaren bitartez, Gorputz Adierazpeneko esku- hartze bat aurrera eraman da. Garatutako sekuentzia didaktikoa Kanpezuko herrian burutu da eta 6- 12 urte bitarteko umeei zuzendu da. Lan honen xede nagusia, eskainitako zerbitzuak eskolaz kanpoko gorputz- adierazpeneko programazio bat garatzea da, herri txikietan eskolaz kanpoko ekintzak burutzeko zailtasunak dituzten umeei zuzendua. Bigarren helburuari dagokionez, gorputz- adierazpenak haurren inklusio bermatzeko eskaintzen dituen aukerak aztertzea da, haurrak jolasen bitartez gorputzaren eta hitzezko eta hitzik gabeko hizkuntzaren bidez komunikatzeko eta adierazteko beharrezkoak diren jarrerak garatuz. Bestalde, aurrera eramandako lau saioeten egunerokoan jasotakoa analizatzeko, kategorizazio sistema erabili da. Ondorioei dagokionez, Ikaskuntza Zerbitzuak eta Gorputz Adierazpenak dituen onurak aztertu da eta azkenik, lan honek izan dituen mugak eta hobekuntza proposamenak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/8490,2010,"In this article we are offering the initial approach to the edition of the Lazarraga manuscript (c. 1564) that a team of philologists from the University of the Basque Country is now carrying out. After summarising the main haracteristics of the manuscript, we explain the method work used up till now and we provide examples of some of the difficulties presented by the manuscript.","Artikulu honetan UPV/EHUko filologo talde bat burut zen ari garen Lazarragaren (c. 1564)eskuizkribuaren ediziorako lehen hurbilketa bat eskaint zen dugu. Eskuizkribuaren ezaugarriak laburtu ondoren, gaur arte erabilitako lan metodoa azaltzen dugu eta, adibide gisa, eskuizkribuaren zailtasunetako bat zuei ekiten diegu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14310,2015-01-30,"This document analyzes the main functions which are required nowadays by the building systems, specifically by the building´s envelope. Initially the causes and the necessities due to the new concept of the envelope and the new functions that are demanded by it are showed. The concepts of the different options of building and natural air circulation methods are described. In addition, the guidelines about photovoltaic and solar thermal energy generation and the integration of these systems in buildings are analyzed. Moreover, the basis of the phase change materials is reviewed. To sum up, all these concepts enable giving judgments about the way to build ecoefficient buildings. Therefore, some ecoefficient buildings are showed as examples.","Dokumento honek eraikuntza sistema bati gaur egun eskatzen zaizkion lehendabiziko funtzioak aztertzen ditu, eraikuntza baten estalkiak behar dituenak, hain zuzen ere. Lehenik eta behin, eraikin baten estalkiak duen kontzeptu berriaren zergaitiak eta premiak aipatzen dira, baita honi eskatzen zaizkion funtzio berriak ere.Eraikuntza sistema desberdinekin bat doazen kontzeptuak deskribatzen dira. Halaber, eraikin batek duen berezko aireztapena aztertzen da, ondoren energía sortzeko erabiltzen diren modu desberdinak eta hauek eraikuntza batean integratzeko dituzten moduak azaltzen dira. Hauen artean energía fotovoltaikoa eta eguzki energía termikoa aipa ditzakegu. Material desberdinen fase aldaketak ere, aztertzen dira. Hau guzti honek, eraikin ekoeraginkorrak sortzeko irizpideak aurkezteko aukera eskeintzen du. Halaber, eraginkortasun energetiko baten ikuspuntutik soluzio arkitektoniko desberdinak aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26818,1995,"Starting from a reflection about freedom and tolerance concepts in penitentiary world, it is made an analysis of the juridical order in penitentiary reality and of the basic human rights in this context. Likewise, an alternative of psychopedagogical intervention for the prisoners is proposed.","Espetxeetako arloan askatasun eta tolerantzia kontzeptuei buruzko gogoeta batetik abiatuz, errealitate penitentziarioa eta oinarrizko giza eskubideen arauketa juridikoaren azterketa bat burutzen da, eta giltzapean daudenentzako esku hartze psikopedagogikozko aukera bat proposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19614,2016-11-25,"This Final Project consist in an analysis of multimedia services broadcasting alternatives through mobile devices. This document expects to offer a complete view of the world standards, whose features let mobile reception can be performed. In addition, the study valorize possible scenarios, devices and ways in which mobile reception can take place. The project also will try to demonstrate the consistency of the studied data testing some devices in controlled field trials. In order to achieve this goal, the available equipment will be analyzed, in addition to defining the trials and measurements to be taken. To sum up, it will suppose a service for mobile communication users who want to get more knowledge about the existent technology in this area.","Hona hemen aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lana, gailu mugikorretan zerbitzu multimedien hedapenaren alternatiben analisia egitean datza. Dokumentu honetan, estandar globalen ikuspegi osoa erakusten da, zeinen ezaugarriek harrera higikorra ahalbidetzen dute. Gainera, ikerketak kontuan hartu ditu harrera mota hau gerta daitekeen toki, gailu eta ingurune desberdinak. Halaber, aztertutako datuen funtsa frogatzen da, gailu jakin batzuekin egindako proben bitartez. Helburu hau lortzeko, egin beharreko probak eta hartu beharreko neurriak zehazteaz gain, erabil daitekeen ekipamendua aztertzen da. Laburbilduz, GAL hau, dagoen teknologiari buruzko ezagutza sakondu nahi duten sare mugikorren erabiltzaileentzako zerbitzu bat da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16165,2015-11-24,"This graduation paper is aimed at studying the competitiveness of the commercial distribution sector, with the goal of providing the readers of this research work with guidelines on the manners to increase their competitive position in that concrete sector. In the first place, a brief introduction will be devoted to the main theories of the competitiveness, the factors that affect it and the current economic and social background. Secondly, an appraisal of the present state of art of the commercial distribution sector, accompanied by an analysis made following the Porter's model of the five forces. Thirdly, an examination of a real case will be carried out: the Eroski's factory located in Elorrio , with the aim of illustrating in a clearer way all the questions mentioned before. It will be seen how Eroski through investment in being more competitive, it has improved its process of internal logistic. Lastly, a line up of the costs that a research study such as the present one involves will be presented as well as a list of tasks to be done and the duration of each of them.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua distribuzio komertzialaren sektorearen lehiakortasuna aztertzea da. Lan honen irakurleei jarraibideak emateko bere lehiakortasuna sektore horretan areagotzeko. Lehenik, sarrera laburra egingo da lehiakortasun teoria nagusiak, lehiakortasuna hunkitzen dituzten faktoreek eta testuinguru ekonomiko eta soziala azaltzeko. Bigarrenean, distribuzio komertzialaren sektorearen egoera aztertuko da Porterren bost indarren eredua erabiltzen. Hirugarrenean, kasu erreal baten azterketa egingo da: Elorrioko Eroski fabrikaren adibidea hartuko da esandakoa hobeto jakinarazteko. Ohartuko da Eroskik bere lehiakortasuna handitzeko inbertsioak egiten bere barne logistiko prozesua hobetu duela. Azkenik, lan honen antzerako ikasketa egiteko jasan behar diren gastuen banakapena presentatuko da, baita eginkizunen eta bere iraupenen xehatze bat ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27294,1997,The using of mediation as agreement between the opposing parties seems to have a great potential in penal and social fields. There is a source of new dialogues and pacification and it talks about a collaboration to communication establishment between disadvantageous collectives and public institutions in order to transmit a knowledge that prevent the social exclusion,"Bitartekotza erabiltzea lehian ari diren aldeen arteko gatazkak konpontzeko oso bide erabilgarria izan daiteke bai arlo penalean bai sozialean. Horrela, gizarte-bitartekotza elkarrizketa eta bakebideratze ororen iturburu da, eta aldi berean laguntza handia ematen du populazio behartsuen eta erakunde publikoen arteko komunikazioan, gizarte-bereizkeria ezingo duen ezagutza transmitituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57135,2022-08-02,"Due to advances in Artificial Intelligence and the availability of more recent sensorisation tech- nologies, such as LiDAR, the development of autonomous systems is in vogue. This Master’s Thesis, developed in the company Ikerlan, is framed within one of the main branches of auto- nomous systems, such as perception. The aim of the present work is to develop a 3D object, specifically people, detection system using only the data provided by the LiDAR Livox Mid- 70 and the ROS middleware. Furthermore, this system has been integrated into an embedded platform to approach the use case of autonomous vehicles or robots. In the development of this work, several perception systems have been studied with the aim of discovering the most suitable for the Livox Mid-70, where systems based on Deep Learning have shown superior performance compared to classical systems","Adimen Artifizialean egindako aurrerapenei eta sentsorizazio teknologia berrien eskuragarri- tasunari esker (LiDARa, adibidez), sistema autonomoen garapena modan egotea ahalbidetzen dute. Ikerlan enpresan burututako Master Amaierako Lan hau, sistema autonomoen adar nagu- sietako batean kokatzen da, pertzepzioan, alegia. Lanaren helburua 3Dko objektuak, zehazki pertsonak, detektatzen dituen sistema bat garatzea da soilik, Livox Mid-70 LiDARetik eskura- tutako datuak eta ROS middleware-a erabiliz. Gainera, sistema hau ibilgailu eta robot autono- moen erabilerara hubiltzeko plataforma txertatu batean integratu da. Lanaren garapenean, zen- bait pertzepzio sistema aztertu dira Livox Mid-70erako egokiena zein den jakiteko, non Deep Learning-ean oinarritutako sistemek errendimendu handiagoa erakutsi duten sistema klakikoen aldean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36821,2019-12-12,"The following report performs a detailed analysis of the energy potential of swell at three sites on the Galician coast. Based on the results of this analysis, the aim is to determine the feasibility of installing a system for the use of wave energy in the study locations. We then proceed to analyse the efficiency of a number of wave energy converter devices and finally to the selection of the optimal device.","Lan honetan galiziako kostaldearen olatuen potentzial energetikoaren ikerketa zehatza egiten da, zehazki hiru kokapenetan. Aipaturiko analisiaren emaitzetatik, sistema bateko instalazioaren bideragarritasuna zehaztu nahi da olatu-energiaren ustiapenerako ikerketaren kokapenean. Ondoren, olatu-energiako gailu bihurtzaileko sail bateko eraginkortasuna ikastera ekiten da eta azkenik, gailu optimoa hautatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42068,2020-03-10,"This paper presents a work about the influence of critical thinking on Early Childhood Education. To begin with the theoretical part, main definitions of the topic will be provided. The curriculum of the stage is also going to be taken into account. Moreover, based on those definitions about critical thinking, clarifications and explanations of other concepts will be made such as the dramatization. On the other hand, we will relate critical thinking to the creative one and the importance of the play in this stage. Referring to the practical part, a questionnaire related to the topic has been proposed to educators of various characteristics of Early Childhood Education. According to the results of this questionnaire, the research has been developed and the conclusions have been captured. Finally, taking into account the information obtained, a didactic design will be presented with the purpose of working, developing and encouraging both dramatization and critical thinking.","Jarraian, Haur Hezkuntzan pentsamendu kritikoa lantzeak duen eraginari buruzko azterlan bat aurkeztuko da. Atal teorikoarekin emango diogu hasiera lanari, pentsamendu kritikoaren kontzeptu zabalaren hainbat definizio nagusi aintzat hartuz. Era berean, Haur Hezkuntzako Curriculuma ere kontuan hartuko dugu. Gainera, pentsamendu kritikoa oinarritzat izanez, beste hainbat kontzepturen azalpena egingo da, hala nola dramatizazioarena. Bestalde, pentsamendu kritiko eta sortzailearen arteko erlazioa azpimarratuko da, eta Haur Hezkuntzan jolasak duen garrantzia ikustaraziko da. Atal praktikoari erreferentzia eginez, gaiaren gaineko galdetegi bat proposatu zaie, ezaugarri ezberdinak dituzten Haur Hezkuntzako hezitzaileei. Galdetegian lortutako erantzunetan oinarrituz, emaitza nagusiak eta ondorioak irudikatu dira. Azkenik, lortutako informazioaren arabera, diseinu didaktiko bat aurkeztuko da, non dramatizazioa nahiz pentsamendu kritikoa lantzeko, garatzeko eta sustatzeko asmo argia ageri den" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25604,1994,"Starting from the new direction of social and criminal policy it is explained a new jurídical formulation of delinquency, and from the study of the penitentiary reality, different questions regarding to the content and orientation of sanction and penal system are analysed to defend an approach based on the recreative reparation.","Giza eta kriminal politikan dimentsio berrietatik abiatuz, gaizkintzaren ikuspegi juridikoaren arauketa berri bat azaltzen da eta, penitentziari errealitatearen ikerketan oinarrituz, zigor eta sistema penalaren eduki eta jobideei buruzko gai batzuk aztertzen dira, birkreatibo antolamenduan oinarritutako ikuspegi bat defendatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29470,2018-10-31,"Ingles In this end-of-degree project, a brief analysis of the global context which is subduing the market to the development of energy sources that accomplish demanding commitments of efficiency and environmental management is first performed. From this context, different alternatives focused on solar-thermal technologies are identified and described, in order to finally opt for a solution based on parabolic cylindrical collectors. The overall operation of a plant of this kind, as well as each of its main components, is described in greater detail. Finally, an economic scheme of the design and development of the plant is deloyed","Euskera Gradu amaierako proiektu honetan, lehenengopausua nazioarteko testuinguruari buruzko azaleko azterketa egitea izanda, honek merkatuari energia eraginkortasunaren eta ingurunearen kudeaketaren inguruko konpromiso zorrotzak betetzen dituzten energia-iturri berriak garatzen ezarri dio. Testuinguru honetatik habiatuta, teknologia termosolarrean ardaztutako aukera desberdinak identifikatu eta deskribatu egiten dira, kolektore zilindriko parabolikoetan oinarrituriko irtenbide bat aukeratuz. Mota honetako instalazio baten funtzionamendu orokorra eta osagai nagusiak xehetasun handiagoz deskribatzen dira. Azkenik, instalazioaren diseinua ren eta garapenaren eskema ekonomikoa aurkeztu egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50952,2021-04-15,"In this overstimulated society with difficulties regulating emotions, attention and stress; anxiety is an increasingly common social problem, being the most diagnosed and treated mental disorder in children. Child anxiety is not only the cause of many students’ health problems, but also one of the most relevant factors of school failure. Therefore, schools have the responsibility to provide educational tools for the management of childhood anxiety, for instance, Mindfulness which is an increasingly used technique in socio-emotional education. Mindfulness consists of living the present with curiosity and without judgment, working on the control of attention towards the present moment. This technique is the perfect tool to improve the balance, well-being and satisfaction of students. For this reason, the main goal of this final degree project is to design an intervention program based on Mindfulness to manage childhood anxiety. For that, a didactic unit of eight sessions aimed at the third cycle of elementary education is proposed.","Arreta, emozioak eta estresa erregulatzeko zailtasunak dituen gain estimulatutako gizarte honetan, antsietatea gero eta ohikoagoa den arazo soziala da, haurrengan gehien diagnostikatua eta tratatua den nahaste mentala izanik. Haur-antsietatea ikasle askoren osasun arazoen eragile izan ez ezik, eskola porrotaren bultzatzaile nagusi ere bada. Hori dela eta, eskolek haur antsietatea kudeatzeko baliabideak eskaintzeko erantzukizuna dute. Horien artean, Mindfulness teknika azpimarratuko nuke, hezkuntza sozio-emozionalean. Mindfulness-a jakin-minez eta unean uneko epaiketarik gabeko esperientzia bizitzean datza. Beraz, ezinbestekoa da arreta orainaldira ekartzeko gaitasuna garatzea. Teknika hau ikasleen oreka, ongizatea zein gogobetetasuna hobetzeko tresna ezin hobea da. Hori dela eta, gradu amaierako lan honek haur antsietatea kudeatzeko Mindfulness-ean oinarritutako esku-hartze programa bat diseinatzea du helburu nagusi. Horretarako Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren ziklora bideratutako zortzi saioko unitate didaktiko baten proposamena aurkezten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16352,2015-12-04,"The aims of this study is to analyse the efficiency and productivity of the hydropower plant of Undurraga, providing a wide range of alternatives to improve the production of the plant based on economic and technological dates. The energy production and the required inversion will be studied for each of the given options, comparing one against the other and finally stating the optimal solution in which the final project will be based.","Hurrengo lan honen helburua Undurragako mini zentral hidraulikoaren azterketa da. Bere produkzio tauletan oinarritua eta errendimendu maila hobetu nahian, hobekuntzarako aldaketa bideragarri batzuk aurkeztuko dira datu ekonomikoak eta energetikoak kontutan hartuz. Proposatutako posibilitate bakoitzarentzat, produkzio energetikoa eta obra zibila zein beharrezko tresnentzako balioztatutako inbertsioak aztertuko dira, elkarren artean aldenduz eta aukerarik onena zein den adieraziz, aurreproiektuan garatuko dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23420,2017-11-10,"Nowadays a growing number of devices and equipment connect to the Internet; it is increasingly common to find sensors that send information through the network or companies that want to monitor their production remotely. For this reason, in the Industry 4.0 and in the scope of Smartcities, it is increasingly important to collect the data of sensors of the so-called IoT. Because of this, in this context, this End of Master work proposes an architecture design that allows the gathering and storage of IoT sensor data from various commercial and industrial environments, and provides tools for a simple and comprehensible presentation of the data for any user. Additionally, in this document will be analysed the feasibility of this architecture, through the design and implementation of a model that makes use of this design by means of some of the technologies that begin to acquire importance in the scope of the IoT.","Gaur egun, gailu eta ekipo kopuru handiagoa konektatzen da Internetera, gero eta ohikoagoa da topatzea sarearen bidez informazioa bidaltzen duten sentsoreekin edo urrunetik haien ekoizpenaren jarraipena egin nahi duten enpreseekin. Ondonoz, 4.0 Industrian eta Smartcity-en eremuan gero eta garrantzitsuagoa da IoT sentsoreen datuen bilketa. Hori dela eta, testuinguru honetan, Master Amaierako Lan (MAL) honek eremu ezberdinetako (komertziala eta industriala) IoT sentsoreen datuen bilketa eta biltegiketa ahalbideratzen diseinu honek tresna ezberdinak eskaini behar ditu edozein erabiltzailek datu horitako aurkezpen soil eta ulergarria jaso dezan. Horrez gain, dokumento honetan arkitektura honen bideragarritasuna aztertuko da. Horretarako diseinu hau erabiltzen duen maketa bat diseinatu eta garatuko da, IoT eremuan gero eta garrantzi handiago duten teknologiak erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25452,1998,"The genetic profile characterizes the people equally or better than the fingerprints. There are many applications of the DNA analysis face to genetic identification (diagnostics of relatonship, identification of suspects...). All this has motivated the development of new technologies for the simultaneous detection of many DNA areas starting from only one analysis. However, genetic identification has methodological limits, or imposed by the nature or degree of materials’ protection, and even legal and/or bioethical limits, these ones have a great importance face to the expertise.","Perfil genetikoak edozein pertsona, hatzmarkek baina hobeto bereizten du. ADN-aren analisien aplikazioak asko dira (ahaidetasun diagnostikoak, delituetako susmagarrien identifikazioak, e.a.). Guzti honen ondorio bezala, analisi bakar batengandik ADN-aren hainbat eskualde batera somatzeko teknologia berriak burutzea lortu da. Hala eta guztiz ere, identifikazio genetikoa ez da naturak ezarritako limitazio metodologikorik gabe geratzen, ez eta materiala babesteko zailtasunik gabe ere, horretaz gain froga perizialerako hainbat garrantzi duten legeak eta/edo bioetikak ezarritako zailtasunekin ere aurkitzen gara." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32252,2019-03-29,"Maritime navigation is a hard business, world’s economy depends on it and shipping companies and seafarers depend on each other. People who navigate and work on board present ships require new and different skills. Technical skills and experience is the first thing companies look for, but what about key skills? Under this question, this dissertation puts forward and defines the necessity of new crewing policies that do value these competences.","Itsasketa negozio latza da eta ekonomia mundiala honen baitan dago; halaber, ontzi-enpresen eta nabigatzaileen arteko interdependentzia existitzen da. Egungo itsasontzietan nabigatu eta lan egiten duten pertsonek trebetasun berri eta desberdinak behar dituzte. Konpainien lehenengo eskakizunak konpetentzia teknikoak eta esperientzia dira, baina zein da egoera zeharkako gaitasunei dagokienez? Galdera honen atzean, gradu amaierako lan honek eskifaien osaketan hauek aintzat hartzeko beharra deskribatu eta definitu egiten du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29379,2018-10-30,"(en) Through innovation can be increased the level of competitiveness of different economies. For this reason, the scoreboard EIS is dedicated to analysing innovation trends in different European countries. For this purpose, are calculated the values of 27 indicators for each territory, and after, a classification is formed. By analysing these indicators, can be known the performance of each European innovation system as a whole. In addition, when studying the interoperability between indicators, we can know which relationships are the strongest and the weakest, what can be very useful to define innovation policies.","(eu) Berrikuntzen bidez ekonomia ezberdinen lehiakortasun maila handitzea lor daiteke. Hori dela eta, EIS markagailua Europako herrialdeek dituzten berrikuntza-joerak aztertzeaz arduratzen da. Horretarako, lurralde bakoitzerako 27 adierazleren balioak kalkulatzen dira, ondoren sailkapen bat osatuz. Adierazle hauen azterketa eginez gero, Europako berrikuntza-sistema bakoitzak bere osotasunean duen errendimendua ezagutu daiteke. Gainera, horien arteko elkarreragintasuna aztertuz, erlazio sendoenak eta ahulenak zein faktoreren artean ematen diren jakitea lor daiteke, azken hori berrikuntza-politikak definitzeko oso lagungarria izan daitekeelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29398,2018-10-30,"The objective of this project is to develop a bot to assist students during the development of their Final Degree Project (FDP). This bot will be available in the Telegram messaging application. The bot will answer the questions that the students may have, send notifications of the deadlines of the calls and analyze the report of the FDP to find spelling and grammar errors and analyze possible plagiarism. Besides, an administration panel has been developed to manage bot information. Through the panel you can update the dates of the calls, manage the notifications and add or modify the questions. The bot has been developed using the php-telegram-bot library in PHP and the administration panel using the Django framework written in Python. Both tools tools share a MySQL database.","Proiektu honen helburua ikasleei Gradu amaierako lan (GRAL) baten garapenean zehar laguntza eskainiko dien bot bat garatzea da. Telegram bat-bateko mezularitzarako aplikaziorako bot bat izango da. Bot-ak ikasleek izan ditzaketen galderak argitzen lagunduko du, deialdien datei buruzko abisuak emango ditu eta GRALen memoriak aztertuko ditu ortografia eta gramatika erroreak bilatzeko eta plagioa dagoen aztertzeko. Beste alde batetik, administrazio panel bat garatu da bot-aren informazioa kudeatzeko. Panel honen bitartez, deialdien datak eguneratu, abisuak kudeatu eta galderak gehitu edota aldatu ahalko dira. Bot-a PHPn garatutako php-telegram-bot liburutegia erabiliz garatu da eta administrazio panela Python-en idatzitako Django framework-a erabiliz. Bi tresnek MySQL datu-base bera erabiltzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36505,2019-11-27,"In recent years, a lot of reasearch about the climate change has been done, due to the rise of its consequences in the environment, and to the surprise of few it has been concluded that the human being is the main responsable of this e ect. This knowledge has increased the social awareness about this issue, demanding more action to the state, the business and the civilians to decreased the impact on the environment and, as far as possible, take action to revert it. One of the main factors in the acceleration of the climate change is the emission of greenhouse gases. A large amount of these gases are emitted during the generation of electric energy. There are two ways to attack this problem: decreasing the electric consumption or generating energy from renewable and clean sources. In this project it has been tried to help solve this problem, by reducing the electric consumption, speci cally the one in the Burn-In tests, as these tests need a great amount of power to carry out. In order to get this, an e ciency boost system has been designed, this system consists in commuting the test's load between a resistive one and an inductive one, cancelling the power consumption while the inductive load is active. This system can get an e ciency boost of up to 90 %, making these tests way more viable. Once the system is designed, a test prototype will be built.","Azken urteotan, ikerketa asko egin dira aldaketa klimatikoari buruz, honek ingurumenean dituen ondorioen areagotzearengatik, eta gutxien harridurarentzat gizakia efektu honen erantzule nagusia dela ondorioztatu da. Honen ezaguerak aldaketa klimatikoaren buruzko kontzientzia piztu du gizartean, estauari, enpreseei eta zibilei ingurumenearen gain ondorioak gutxituko dituen neurriak eskatuz eta posible den modura aldaketa klimatikoari buelta emango dion ekintzak bultzatuz. Aldaketa klimatikoaren bizkortzearen faktore garrantzitsuenetako bat berotegiefektuko gasen isuria da. Gas hauen zati handi bat energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzak isurtzen dira. Faktore hau erasotzeko bi metodo daude: energia elektrikoaren kontsumoa txikiagotuz edo berriztagarriak eta garbiak diren energia iturrietatik energia sortuz. Proiektu honetan arazo honi ekarpen txiki bat egiten sahiatu da, kontsumo elektrikoa txikiagotuz, zehazki Burn-In testetakoa, test hauek energia kantitate handiak behar baitituzte burutzeko. Horretarako test hauen e zientziarako hobekuntza sistema bat diseinatu da, karga erresistiboa bat eta karga induktibo baten arteko konmutazioan oinarritzen da, energia elektrikoa kontsumitu gabe karga induktiboa dagoen bitartean. Sistema honek % 90-eko e zientzia hobekuntza lortu dezake, test hauen bideragarritasuna handituz. Behin sistema hau diseinatu dela, probazko prototipo bat sortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14352,2015-02-05,"Nowadays, because of the law 2010/31/UE is compulsory to have the energetic certificate for the buildings when they are new build, for rent or for sale. With the certificate, it can be seen the building how much contaminates the environment with different letters, that is to say, how much CO2 emits. In this project, to obtain the energetic certificate, it has been used the CE3X program where it has been introduced the information of the building, the information of the thermal enveloping, the characteristic of the installations and the information of the thermal collectors. With all of this, it has been obtained E letter, but putting insulating in the exterior façade and changing the conventional boiler to the condensation boiler it has improved the calcification to C letter. In conclusion, the applied improved measures are good because the letter has improved and the building its more efficient now.","Gaur egun, 2010/31/UE legearen arabera eraikinen ziurtagiri energetikoa derrigorrezkoa da izatea eraiki, alokatu eta saldu nahi diren etxebizitzentzako. Ziurtagiriarekin, etxebizitzak ingurugiroa zenbat kutsatzen duen adierazten du letren arabera, hau da, zenbat CO2 igortzen duen. Lan honetan, CE3X programa erabili da kalifikazio energetikoa lortzeko horretarako, etxebizitzaren datuak, inguratzaile termikoaren datuak, instalazioen karakteristikak eta kolektore termikoen datuak sartu dira. Honekin, E letra lortu da baina, fatxadan isolamendua kanpotik jarriz eta kondentsazio galdara bat jarriz kalifikazioa C letraraino hobetu egin da. Ondorioz, aplikatutako neurriak onak dira letra asko hobetu baita eta eraikina efizienteagoa bihurtu baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16433,2015-12-11,"The current work’s objective is the hydraulic design of drinkable water supplying network for the communities of La Violeta-Arcoiris, La Ceiba, San Rafael, La Finquita and La Dalia, municipality of Comasagua, El Salvador. In order to achieve it, data from the Plan Director para el abastecimiento y saneamiento de agua en zonas rurales del sur de La Libertad document and the measurements been obtained will be used. Taking into account ACUA’s technical specifications and design criteria, as well as the hydraulic calculations carried out, the best alternative has been chosen.","Lanak edateko ur-hornidura sistemaren diseinu hidraulikoa du helburu gisa, La Violeta-Arcoiris, La Ceiba, San Rafael, La Finquita eta La Dalia komunitateentzako Comasagua udalerrian, El Salvador. Horretarako, Plan Director para el abastecimiento y saneamiento de agua en zonas rurales del sur de La Libertad dokumentuan jasotako datuak erabiliko dira, eta baita bertan aurrera eramandako neurketak ere. ACUAko zehaztapen teknikoak eta diseinu irizpideak, eta burututako kalkulu hidraulikoak kontuan izanik, garatzeko aukerarik onena hautatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19550,2016-11-17,"In 2011, we became aware of various events between the decades of fifties and nineties, relating to the possible subtraction of live newborns in different hospitals of the Spanish State, to be given in illegal adoption later. Parents of these abducted children, however, were told they had died. This phenomenon has caused many people affected have submitted -in that year and in few successive years- complaints to the courts and police stations, requesting clarification of the facts. This work focuses on the historical, legal and social journey from a criminological perspective, taking advantage of the interdisciplinary diversity that hosts this subject matter (medicine, psychology, law, sociology, victimology ...). It also hosts a research, in which, through interviews with people involved in these cases (from professionals to victims), it will do an analysis of the phenomenon in the Basque territory, trying to verify the existence or nonexistence of a “stolen babies” plot in this part of the country.","2011. urtean jakin zen berrogeita hamar eta laurogeita hamarreko hamarkaden artean izandako hainbat gertaeren inguruan, estatu espainiarraren ospitaleetan jaioberrien lapurretak eman zirelaren berri, ondoren adopzio irregularrean emango zirenak. Jaioberri hauen gurasoei, berriz, beraien seme-alabak hil zirela erran zieten. Fenomeno honek, urte horietan eta hurrengoetan, egoera salatua izatea bulkatu zuen, epaitegietan eta komisariatan, gertakizunen argitzea eskatuz. Lan honek bilakaera historikoa, juridikoa eta soziala ukitzen ditu ikuspegi kriminologikotik, ikasgai honen aniztasuna aprobetxatuz (medikuntza, psikologia, zuzenbidea, soziologia, biktimologia…). Ikerkuntzaren zati bat ere barneratzen du, egoera hauetan murgilduta egon diren pertsonei elkarrizketak eginez, Euskadin “lapurtutako jaioberrien” azpijokoa egon den edo ez aztertzen saiatuz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36824,2019-12-12,"The project hereby described is an outlook into the future of mechanical design. Although the wheel has been the first option with regards to ground-based self-propelled vehicles, the appearance of different kinds of linkages or walking mechanisms has given the locomotive field more versatilityand a greater design variety. This specific project takes an already designed and built walking mechanism and aims to redesign it by adding an extra degree of freedom (rotation around a vertical axis) to ensure its manoeuvrability is improved, as well as building a fitting prototype. Moreover, using an Arduino board, the assembly will be able to change its direction based on the feedback it receives from its surroundings.","Proiektu honek diseinu mekanikoaren etorkizunaren ikuspuntu berri bat bistaratzea du helburu. Nahiz eta lurreko ibilgailu autopropultsatuen eremuan gurpila nagusitzen den, mekanismo edo multzo ibiltari desberdinen agerrerak moldakortasun eta diseinu aukera handiagoak eskaini dizkio arlo horri.Lan honen helburu nagusia, aurretiaz diseinatutako eta fabrikatutako prototipo bat oinarritzat hartuz, multzoari askatasun gradu gehigarri bat (ardatz bertikal batekiko biraketa) eranstea izango litzateke. Honela, mugimendu askatasun handiagoa lortuko da. Jakintza hori aplikatzeko, prototipo berri bat fabrikatu eta muntatuko da. Horrez gain, Arduino plaka baten laguntzaz, mekanismo ibiltaria norabidea aldatzeko gai izango da, bere ingurumenetik jasotzen duen informazioaren arabera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73239,2025-05-07,"The aim of this Final Degree Project was to analyse language practice in Basque in the fifth year of Primary Education at the Serantes Eskola school. Through direct observation and group interviews with students, the influence of contact between Basque and Spanish in everyday linguistic practice in the classroom was examined. The results have revealed a complex relationship between individual beliefs and language attitude, underlining the importance of understanding these dynamics in the school context to promote equitable bilingualism.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen xedea Serantes Eskola ikastetxeko Lehen Hezkuntzako bosgarren mailako euskarazko hizkuntza-praktika aztertzea izan da. Zuzeneko behaketaren eta ikasleei egindako talde-elkarrizketen bidez, euskararen eta gaztelaniaren arteko kontaktuak ikasgelako eguneroko hizkuntza-praktikan duen eragina aztertu da. Emaitzek norbanakoen sinesmenen eta hizkuntza-jarreraren artean lotura konplexua erakutsi dute, eta dinamika horiek eskola-testuinguruan ulertzeak duen garrantzia azpimarratu dute, elebitasun bidezkoa sustatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14424,2015-02-16,"The following project demonstrates the elaboration of a core in order to be included in the denominated FPGAs (Field Programmable Gate Array). Its purpose is to create a time reference, of a 64bits architecture, using a GPS (Global Positioning System) module, as close and accurate as possible to the nano-seconds set of ten order, so as to be inserted in a PTP-Master (Precision Time Protocol - Master) (IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - 1588), which is low-cost and of a quality comparable to the Grand Master devices.","Hemen aurkeztutako proiektuak core baten elaborazioa azaltzen du, txertatua izateko deituriko FPGA-en (Field Programmable Gate Array) barruan. Haren helburua aldi-baterako erreferentzia baten sorkuntza da, 64bits-en arkitekturan, GPS (Global Positioning System) modulu bati esker ahalik eta gehien nano-segunduen hamarrekoetara hurbiltzea, txertatu ahal izateko PTP-Master (Precision Time Protocol - Master) (IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - 1588) talde batean, kostu baxuarekin eta Grand Master gailuen kalitatearekin alderatu ahal dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16350,2015-12-04,"In this paper the technical design of an electric microgrid for domestic electric vehicle charging from renewable energies is proposed. To this end, a study of the site of the installation will be made and with the data obtained the most appropriate source of renewable generation will be decided to meet the energy requirement for recharging. Finally, the components to complete the installation will be chosen.","Lan honetan mikrosare elektriko baten diseinu tekniko proposamen bat egiten du, berriztagarri energiekin ibilgailu elektriko bat berrizkarga dadin. Horretarako instalazioaren kokapenaren estudioa egingo da eta hartutako datuekin, berriztagarri energiaren eskaera bete dadin, berriztagarri energia iturritik egokiena erabakiko da. Ondoren instalazioa osatzen duten osagaiak aukeratuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31010,2019-01,"The Carlist Wars are very important to explain the recent history of the Basque Country. Due to that conflicts, nowadays there is an important military built heritage (towers, forts, strongholds...), but they have not been study archaeologically. The construction, use and abandon of these structures marked our landscape, and structured it according to a logical strategy, nowadays, the memory of Carlist Wars is lost and we do not know how that systems configured our landscapes in the XIX century. Our aim in this work is to make a first approach to the fortified landscape rise up during the Last Carlist War in the Great Bilbao area. For that, we are going to use Geographical Information System, because we think that are the best tools for our purpose.","Karlistadak oso garrantzitsuak izan ziren XIX. mendeko Euskal Herriaren historian. Haien garapena ondare kultural eta arkitektoniko (gotorlekuak, lubakiak, forteak...) nabarmena hustsi digu, zein, gaur egunera arte, ez du izan merezi duen garrantzia. Eraikin hauen sorkuntza, erabilera eta uztea bere impronta hutsi zuten gure paisaian, gainera, bere garaian paisaiak eratu eta antolatu zituzten, prozesu hauek bere eraketa logikoa zuten, baina gaur egun, gertakizun horien memoria galduta, ez dakigu logika hori argitzen. Lan honen asmoa Azken Karlistadan (1872-1876), Bilbo Handiaren inguruan hogei bat gotorlekuen eraketaren mekanismoak argitzea, prozesu horren zentzua ikertzea bere konfigurazioa uler dadin. Horretarako, Informazio Geografikoa erabilitzen duten Sistemak erabiliko ditugu, zeren eta, gur galdera erantzuteko aproposenak direla pentsatzen dugu" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18730,2016-08-03,"We have carried out an analysis of the different methods used in Physical Education, since thanks to the bibliographical gathering, we have come to the conclusion that the concepts have changed and so have the teaching methods of the 1990’s decade known concepts making these pedagogical models currently more known. This change of concept has evolved from teacher to student, since now student has turned into the basis of any pedagogy.","Lan honetan Gorputz hezkuntzan erabili izan diren metodologien analisia egin da, izan ere, egindako bilketa bibliografikoari esker ohartu gara kontzeptuak jasan dituen aldaketak direla eta, irakaskuntza estiloak 1990. hamarkadan ezagunak ziren bezala, egun, eredu pedagogikoaren terminoa ezagunagoa dela. Kontzeptu aldaketa hau irakaslea abiapuntua hartzetik ikaslea abiapuntu bezala hartzera aldatu da, gaur egungo pedagogiaren oinarria bilakatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23179,2017-07,"Analysis of the steel cable as a structural element. Structural efforts and their performance in cables and rods are explained, in order to deepen into the concepts of cable catenary and tensegrity. Finally, this knowledge is applied in the design of a cabled roof.","Altzairuzko kableak egitura elementutzat betetzen duen funtzioaren analisia. Katenaria eta tensegritate kontzeptuetan sakondu ahal izateko, egituren esfortzuak eta haien funtzionamendua kable eta barretan azaldu dira. Azkenik, estalki bat diseinatzeko erabili dira ezagutza hauek." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47701,2020-11-04,"Abstract in English In the present Master's End Work, a compact installation has been designed for the integral management of water in a 400-person cruise ship. The total volume of water to be treated is VT= 130 Tn/day. For this purpose, the necessary installations for the generation of fresh water from seawater have been calculated and sized. In addition, the necessary facilities are proposed to purify the waste water generated in the cruise and from the treated water, to give it a treatment such that they can be reused in the ship. The proposed fresh water generation system is composed of a multi-effect generator that uses the engine cooling circuit as an energy source for water vaporization, which takes advantage of the residual heat energy generated in the engines, and also avoids the appearance of incrustations when working with Tª<100ºC. The wastewater treatment plant is a membrane bioreactor that combines purification by activated sludge and tertiary treatment by ultrafiltration membranes. The quality of the purified water is so high that it can be used later. Finally, the treated water is distilled for reuse in the cooling of main and auxiliary engines, in heating boilers, in toilets and in fuel and oil treatment plants. The work for its development takes into account the current regulations by applying standards such as the Guide to Water Quality published by the WHO. Annex 4 of the MARPOL 73/78 Convention on regulations for the prevention of pollution from ships by sewage is applied to wastewater treatment, specifically in its latest resolution MECP 227 (64). The regulations applied for reuse are based on the UESPA water reuse guidelines and the Spanish Royal Decree 1620/2007.","Laburpena euskaraz Esku artean dugun Master Amaierako Lan honetan instalazio trinko bat diseinatu da gurutzaontzi batean ur-kudeaketa integrala egiteko, zeinak VT=130 Tn/egun ur-bolumena tratatzea eskatzen baitu. Horretarako, bi instalazio kalkulatu eta dimentsionatu dira: batetik, itsasoko ur gazia ur geza bihurtzekoa; bestetik, gurutzaontzien hondakin-ura araztekoa, ondoren tratamendu bat eman eta berrerabilgarri izan ahal izateko. Sorgailu efektu aniztun bat da ur geza sortzeko sistema, zeinak motorren errefrigerazio-zirkuituak erabiltzen baititu, ura lurruntzeko energia-iturri gisa. Beraz, aprobetxatu egiten da motorren hondar bero-energia, eta saihestu egiten da hodietan inkrustazioak agertzea, sistemaren tenperatura 100ªC baino baxuagoa izanik. Mintzez osaturiko bioerreaktore bat da hondakin-ura arazteko sistema, zeinak bi eginkizun betetzen baititu: lohi aktibatuen bidezko tratamendua eta ultrafiltrazio-mintzen bidezko 3. tratamendua. Lortutako uraren kalitatea hain da handia, ezen erabilgarria izango baita. Bukatzeko, ur araztua destilatu egiten da berrerabiltzeko motor nagusi eta osagarrien hozte-sisteman, berotze-galdaretan, komunetan, eta erregaiaren eta olioaren araztegietan. Proiektu hau egiteko egungo arautegia hartu da oinarritzat. Besteak beste, OMEren Uraren Kalitaterako Gida; MARPOL 73/78 hitzarmenaren 4. eraskina, itsasontzien ur zikinen kutsadura ekiditeko, zehazki, MECP227 (64) azken ebazpena; eta ura berrerabiltzeko UESPE Gidak eta Espainiako Estatuko 1620/2007 ED." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47718,2020-11-04,"In this document the analysis and detailed design of a roughness based laser optic profilometer is described, modelling its use for the categorization of wooden samples. Elements, calibration and assembly process, software development, budget and future implementation in the industry are described.","Dokumentu honetan zimurtasunan oinarritutako profilometro optiko laser baten analisia eta diseinua deskribatzen da, bere zurako lagin kategorizazioko erabilpena moldatuz. Haren elementuak, kalibrazio eta montaketa prozezuak, software-garapena, aurrekontua eta geroko implementazioa industrian zehazten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31508,2018-06-16,"The unwritten surfer´s code opens a range of doubts when it comes to qualify it as a source of law and giving it the legal value that it deserves. In the case of the city of Donostia - San Sebastian, the increase of surfing activity has generated serious problems for the proper practice of it and cohabitation on the beach. This study aims to make an approximation to the value of a soft law norm that is not included in any Official Gazette, so it will be necessary to extract the main problems that the use of the Code presents to eventually come up with some possible solutions in order to reduce and prevent accidents in sliding sports and improve the current surf experience in Donostia- San Sebastian, as well as in another municipalities facing similar problems.","Surflarien kode ez-idatziak zalantza sorta handia irekitzen du Zuzenbidearen iturri bezala sailkatzerako orduan, bai eta dagokion balio juridikoa atxikitzerako garaian ere. Surfa praktikatzearen hazkundea dela medio, Donostiako hiriaren kasuan kezka larriak sortu izan dira hondartzan bizikidetza eta surfaren jarduera egokia lortu ahal izateko. Ikerketa honen helburua, beraz, Boletin Ofizialean jasota ez dagoen araudiaren balioari hurbilketa bat egitea izango da, zeinarentzat kodearen erabilerak aurkezten dituen arazo nagusiak azaltzea beharrezkoa izango den. Azkenean, Donostiako hirian eta antzeko gatazkak aurkezten dituzten tokietan, kirol irristakorren istripuak saihesteko eta surfaren esperientzia hobetzeko konponbide posible batzuen proposamena egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59967,2023-02-20,"The campaign against violence is one of society's main objectives and the scientific community believes that prevention is the key to combating it. Among the current programs is the Brave's Club, a program that focuses on prevention and conflict management from a dialogic perspective. This paper will analyze both the effectiveness of the program and the basic steps to be followed for its development, as well as the perception of the community that is working on its application. For this purpose, a case study of a public school in Bilbao has been carried out through the communicative methodology. According to the results, the implementation of the dialogic model is a long and complex process and the Brave's Club of this school is in its first stages.However, the witnesses passive approach when facing a conflict has diminished as well as the conflicts of the community themselves.","Indarkeriari aurre egitea gizartearen helburu nagusietako bat da eta komunitate zientifikoaren aburuz honi aurre egiteko gakoa prebentzioa da. Egungo indarkeriaren aurkako programen artean Ausarten Kluba dago; gatazken prebentzio eta kudeaketa modelo dialogikotik bideratzen duen programa. Lan honetan Ausarten Kluba programaren eraginkortasuna eta programa garatzeko jarraitu beharreko oinarrizko pausoak aztertuko dira. Baita programa hau aplikatzeko lanean ari den komunitatearen pertzepzioa ere. Horretarako, Bilboko eskola publiko baten kasu-azterketa egin da metodologia komunikatiboaren bidez. Emaitzen arabera, eredu dialogikoa ezartzea prozesu luze eta konplexua da eta eskola honetako Ausarten Kluba honen hastapenean dago oriandik. Hala ere, lekukoen pasibitatea indarkeriaren aurrean hein haundi batean zapuztu du eta komunitateko gatazkak gutxitzea lortu du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73237,2025-05-07,"Reading aloud should be taught in primary school because it favours the integral development of the child. To do this, teachers must gain knowledge and resources about oral language and prosody, in order to teach children to read aloud and reproduce a written text through voice intonation, word pronunciation, pauses, speed, rhythm and volume. In order to contribute to this process and respond to the needs of teachers, an innovative proposal is presented: a website. On the website, teachers will be able to obtain information about oral language and prosody and find resources to work on reading aloud in Basque.","Ahots gorako irakurketa lehen hezkuntzan irakatsi behar da, haurraren garapen integrala bultzatzen duelako. Horretarako irakasleek ahozko hizkuntza eta prosodiari buruzko ezagutzak eta baliabideak eskuratu behar dituzte, haurrari ozen irakurtzen irakastean ahotsaren intonazioaren, hitzen ahoskeraren, etenen, abiadaren, erritmoaren eta bolumenaren bidez, testu idatzi bat erreproduzitzen erakusteko. Prozesu guzti horretan laguntzeko eta irakasleen beharrizanei erantzun bat emateko proposamen berritzaile bat aurkezten da: webgunea. Webgunean irakasleek ahozko hizkuntzari eta prosodiari buruzko informazioa eskuratu eta horri lotuta haurrekin ahots gorako irakurketa euskaraz lantzeko baliabideak aurki ditzakete." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19367,2016-10-25,"The aim of the current Bachelor Thesis is to analyse the emergency stairs located in the Von Siemens square of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. The Project will be divided in two parts. Firstly, a data collection will be done and then, a drawing up of the plan will be carried out. After this, the strain which the elements are resisting will be analysed. Secondly, based on the results of the previous analysis, a new structure will be proposed, not only will it be more economic, but also, better regarding aesthetics. The main purpose of this Thesis is to reconsider the structural design of the stairs without modifying the functional conception, that is, keeping the shape of the structure, its measurements and the links with the adjacent buildings in which the metallic structure relies.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko Von Siemens Plazan kokatutako larrialdietarako eskaileraren analisia egitea du helburu nagusi. Lan hau bi zatitan banatuta dago; lehenik eta behin, datu-bilketa bat egingo da eta horrekin batera egituraren plano altxaketa. Ondoren, egiturak jasaten dituen esfortzuen analisia egingo da. Bigarrenik, lortutako emaitzen arabera, ekonomikoagoa ez ezik, estetikoki erakargarriagoa izango den egitura alternatibo bat proposatuko da. GAL honen helburu nagusia, eskaileraren diseinua berriz planteatzea da, egituraren ikuskera funtzionala aldatu gabe, hau da, itxura, neurri nagusiak eta aldameneko elementuekin dituen euskarriak mantenduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/10859,2012,"In Saint Michael´s church, in Irura, one of the most interesting altarpieces of the Renaissance in Gipuzkoa is located. The altar includes romanist style high quality relieves and carvings in a mannerist architecture. The work was carried out in the late XVIth Century by the artists Pedro de Goicoechea and Jerónimo de Larrea, members of the workshop of Tolosa, following the design of the sculptor Juan de Goicoechea.","Irurako San Migel Goiangeruaren elizan, Gipuzkoako Berpizkundeko erretaularik interesgarrienetariko bat aurkitzen dugu. Aldarea, arkitektura aldetik manierista estilokoa, kalitate handiko erliebe eta eskultura erromanistaz hornitzen da. Tolosako tailerreko Pedro Goikoetxeak eta Jeronimo Larreak XVI. mendeko azken urteetan landu zuten, Juan Goikoetxeak egindako traza jarraituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43112,2020-05-08,"This TFG is based on the study and simulation of a photovoltaic installation isolated from the grid (off-grid) for the supply of a summer house in Halmstad, south of Sweden. The reason for choosing this city is because I had the opportunity to make an international exchange in Sweden and I have been able to take advantage of the knowledge I gained there. The programs used for development are Excel and PVsyst. The objective is to achieve an independent system powered by clean energy, free of emissions to the environment. The theoretical support are the subjects of the Master of Solar Engineering taken at the University of Dalarna and the bibliography obtained from the Master's Degree in Integration of Renewable Energies in the Electrical System taught at the EIB.","TFG hau Suedia hegoaldeko Halmstad-en udako etxea hornitzeko isolatutako instalazio fotoboltaikoa kanpoko azterketa eta simulazioan oinarritzen da. Hiri hau aukeratzeko arrazoia Suedian nazioarteko truke bat egiteko aukera izan nuen eta bertan lortu nituen ezagutzak aprobetxatu ahal izan nituen. Garapenerako erabilitako programak Excel eta PVsyst dira. Helburua da energia garbiaz elikatutako sistema independentzia lortzea, ingurugiroarentzako isurketarik gabekoa. Laguntza teorikoa Dalarnako Unibertsitatean egindako Eguzki Ingeniaritzako Masterreko irakasgaiak eta EIBn irakasten den Energia Berriztagarrien Integrazio Masterraren bibliografia dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36033,2019-10-17,"This project proposes and implements a solution that adds two important functionalities to a framework based on software models: automatic requirements traceability and automatic generation of formal documentation. The model-based framework enables the generation of specific software taking into account more generic software. Thanks to this project it is obtained a solution to trace requirements and create documentation for an important product of CAF Signalling. In this work it is described all the decisions taken to construct the solution as well as the implementation of it in order to achieve the two objectives. In order to use a well-known methodology, the project has been developed based on OpenUP and the documentation and memory has been written according to the standard CCII-N2016-02.","Proiektu honetan software ereduetan oinarritzen den ekosistema baten bi funtzionalitate gehitzeko soluzioa proposatu eta inplementatzen da: betekizunen trazabilitatea eta dokumentazio formalen sorrera automatikoa. Ereduetan oinarritzen den ekosistema edo framework batek software generikotik espezifikora joatea ahalbidetzen du. Proiektu honen bitartez CAF Signalling enpresaren produktuetako bat definitzen duen ekosistematik betekizunen trazabilitatea zaindu eta dokumentazio automatikoa sortzen da. Lan honen bitartez aipatutako bi helburu horiek lortzeko bidea deskribatu egiten dira eta horietatik abiatuta sortutako bi produktuen inplementazioa ere azaltzen da. Proiektuaren garapenerako, OpenUP metodologia erabili da eta proiektuaren dokumentazioa eta memoria idazteko CCII-N2016-02 estandarra erabili da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72596,2025-02-10,"In this Final Degree Project we have analyzed the effects of physical exercise during pregnancy on women's health, considering the type of exercise, intensity, frequency, time, progression and variability. Taking these criteria into account, we have designed a series of general guidelines for the creation of physical preparation programs during pregnancy, in order to be able to apply them with women of this profile. Thus, the main objective of this work has been to know the effects that physical exercise performed by women during pregnancy has on their health, analyzing what the scientific literature says on this subject and, within this, to deduce what characteristics it should have, creating guidelines for the design of training programs. For this purpose, the methodology used was based on a bibliographic search on the subject in different databases. Finally, we conclude that supervised physical exercise during pregnancy has multiple benefits for women's health. Therefore, as long as there is no medical contraindication, we would like to highlight the need for pregnant women to perform physical exercise during this period. In addition, it should be noted that the characteristics of the training program to be proposed depending on the pregnancy of each woman and her previous physical condition and context, within general guidelines, will be different because the needs of each of them will be different. Therefore, these needs will condition the characteristics of each program in terms of type of exercise, intensity, frequency, time, progression and variability.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, haurdunaldian zehar egindako ariketa fisikoak emakumearen osasunean dituen eraginak zeintzuk diren aztertu dugu, ariketa mota, intentsitatea, maiztasuna, denbora, progresioa eta aldakortasuna haintzat harturik. Irizpide horiek kontuan hartuz, haurdunaldian zehar prestakuntza fisikoko programak sortzeko jarraibide orokorrak sortu ditugu, profil honetako emakumeekin aplikatu ahal izateko. Horrela, lan honen helburu nagusia emakumeak haurdunaldian zehar egindako ariketa fisikoak bere osasunean dituen eraginak ezagutzea izan da, literatura zientifikoak gai honen inguruan esaten duena aztertuz eta horren baitan, haurdunaldiko ariketa fisikoak zer nolako ezaugarriak izan behar dituen ondorioztatzea, entrenamendu programak sortzeko jarraibideak sortuz. Horretarako, erabilitako metodologia datu base ezberdinetako gaiaren inguruko bilaketa bibliografikoan oinarritu da. Azkenik, haurdunaldian zehar aurrera eramandako gainbegiratutako ariketa fisikoak emakumearen osasunean onura anitzak dituela ondorioztatu dugu. Horrenbestez, medikuek adierazitako kontraindikaziorik ez dagoen bitartean, haurdun dagoen emakumeak ariketa fisikoa egiteko garrantzia nabarmentzeko beharra agerian utzi nahi dugu. Horrekin batera, aipatzekoa da emakume bakoitzaren haurdunaldiaren eta aurretiko egoera fisikoaren zein testuinguruaren arabera, jarraibide orokor batzuen barruan, planteatu beharreko entrenamendu programaren ezaugarriak ezberdinak izango direla bakoitzaren beharrak ezberdinak izango direlako. Horrenbestez, behar horiek baldintzatuko dituzte programa bakoitzaren ezaugarriak, ariketa mota, intentsitatea, maiztasuna, denbora, progresioa eta aldakortasunari dagokionean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64639,2015-12-14,"The main basis of the actual Basque Culture System were made up during the cultural reconversion between 1960 and 1990. The tradition, as a symbolic resource, underwent a very deep reformulation. Based on the exhaustive analysis that Joseba Sarrionandia made (1975 – 1990) about the basque tradition, we will reflect on two subjects: apart from the connection between the institutionalization of the tradition and the diversity of proposals, we will also mention the reasons that stopped its establishment into the new social-politic order.","Euskal Kultur sistemaren oinarrien zati handi bat 1960 eta 1990 arteko birmoldatze kul- turalaren ondorioz eratu ziren. Tradizioak, baliabide sinboliko gisa, birformulatze bereziki sakona izan zuen. Joseba Sarrionandiak garatu zuen euskal tradizioaren proposamenen az- terketa zehatzaren ondotik (1975-1990) bi gairi buruz hausnartuko dugu: tradizioaren era- kundetzearen eta proposamenen aniztasunaren harremanez gain, berau mapa soziopolitiko berrian ezin txertatuaren arrazoiak emango ditugu" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60006,2023-02-20,"Romantic love is the most widespread model of love in society; however, the multiple myths and characteristics that it reinforces are, above all, harmful to people in the process of developing their personal identity. One of the main tools that enhance this phenomenon is Children’s and Young People’s Literature. Therefore, the aims of this work are, on the one hand, to analyse how romantic love is dealt with in differentes narratives that form part of basque Children’s and Young People’s literature and, on the other hand, to propose literary works that offer different models of love. After the narratological analysis of the books, it has been concluded that, over the years, Children’s and Young People’s Literature has undergone changes in terms of the theme of love.","Maitasun erromantikoa gizartean gehien hedatua dagoen maitasun eredua da; hala ere, honek indartzen dituen mito eta ezaugarri anitzak oso kaltegarriak dira, batez ere, identitate pertsonalaren garapenean dauden pertsonentzat. Fenomeno hau indartzen duen erreminta nagusietako bat Haur eta Gazte Literatura da. Hortaz, lan honen helburuak dira, batetik, euskal Haur eta Gazte Literaturaren barnean dauden hainbat narraziotan maitasun erromantikoa nola jorratzen den aztertzea eta, bestetik, maitasun eredu ezberdinak eskaintzen dituzten lan literarioak proposatzea. Liburuen azterketa narratologikoa egin ostean, urteak pasa ahala, maitasunaren gaiari dagokionez, Haur eta Gazte Literaturak aldaketak jasan dituela ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14029,2015-01-16,"English-> In this bibliographical research, we have compared the work done on three Spanish regions´ school libraries: Andalucía, Catalunya and The Basque Country, and we have become acquainted of the main reading-plans used in these regions, in order to develop them. Before the comparison of these three school libraries’ plans, we have looked into what the IFLA/UNESCO and Spain say about the school library. In other words, we have looked into what the international and national framework say about our topic. To sum up, we have learnt which ones are the school libraries’ challenges by means of different experts.","Euskara-> Ikerketa bibliografiko honetan hiru komunitate ezberdineko eskola liburutegien azterketa eta haien irakurketa-programen arteko konparaketa egin dugu. Konparaketa egin baino lehen, IFLA/UNESCOk eta Estatu Espainolak eskola liburutegiei buruz esaten dutena ezagutu dugu. Hau da, estatu internazionalaren eta nazionalaren marko legala zein den ezagutu dugu. Aztertuko diren hiru komunitateak Andaluzia, Katalunia eta Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa izan dira eta haien arteko konparaketa egin baino lehen, hiru autonomia erkidegoko irakurketa-programa bakoitza aztertu dugu. Amaieran, zenbait adituen arabera, eskola liburutegiek dituzten erronkak aztertu ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67690,2024-05-07,"The lack of work of death and the grief of death in education can lead to inadequate management of emotions when living in these situations. Therefore, working on these concepts is essential and it must be taken into account that, in order to work the grief of death, first the death must be worked. When analysing the development of students, it is observed that with 8-9 years old (third year of Primary Education) they are prepared to understand the concept of death in its entirety, which means that students have developed the necessary capacities to internalize all its characteristics. To work on death and the grief of death in schools, it is necessary to start with emotional education which for body expression is a valid resource. Based on this theory, through this end-of-degree work, a psychoeducational intervention for students to understand the concepts of death and grief of death is presented, to ensure that they can manage the situation properly when the time comes. The sessions designed are based on body expression and, as this is a content to work in Physical Education, this psychoeducational intervention can be carried out in that subject, dedicating seven sessions of 50 minutes. Thus, the death and grief of death will be worked through body expression and, therefore, students will obtain resources to understand and manage the grief of death when they are in that situation, avoiding future complications.","Hezkuntzan heriotza eta heriotza-doluaren lanketa eskasak egoera hauek bizitzean emozioen kudeaketa desegokia ekar dezake. Hori dela eta, gai hauek lantzeak garrantzi handia hartzen du. Heriotza-dolua landu ahal izateko, lehenik eta behin, heriotza lantzea beharrezkoa da. Ikasleen garapenari erreparatuz, 8-9 urterekin (Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren maila) heriotza osotasunean ulertzeko prest daude, hau da, heriotzaren ezaugarri guztiak barneratzeko gaitasuna garatu dute. Heriotza eta heriotza-dolua eskolan lantzeko hezkuntza emozionaletik abiatzea ezinbestekoa da eta, horretarako, gorputz adierazpena baliabide egokia da. Teoria honetan oinarrituz, gradu amaierako lan honen bidez heriotza eta heriotza-dolua ulertzeko interbentzio psikohezitzaile bat aurkezten da, ikasleek egoera bizitzean kudeaketa egokia egin dezaten helburua izanda. Saioek gorputz adierazpena baliabide gisa hartzen dute eta hau Gorputz Hezkuntzan landu beharreko edukia den heinean, proposatzen den zazpi saioko interbentzio psikohezitzailea Gorputz Hezkuntzako saioetan aurrera eraman daiteke, saio bakoitzari 50 minutu eskainiz. Honi esker, heriotza eta heriotza-dolua zer den gorputz adierazpenaren bidez landuko da eta, ondorioz, heriotza-dolua pairatzean ikasleek gertatutakoa ulertzeko baliabideak izango dituzte, etorkizunean kudeaketa arazoak saihestuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63212,2023-11-28,"In recent years, the Artificial Intelligence (AI) has experienced a significant upswing, more particularly in the field of Deep Learning (DL). The Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) is a deep generative model that maps the features of the input data to a latent prior distribution, and reconstructs data from latent vectors. To map and reconstruct the data, the model uses a encoder and decoder Deep Neural Networks (DNN) respectively, and the latent prior is usually a Gaussian distribution. Although the VAE is a functional generative model, its training method is conflicting because its cost function is composed of two values: the reconstruction error and the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. For this reason, we experimented on this training process and on different variants of the state of the art of the model that propose improvements on this aspect. For the experimentation, a lack of tools to work with the VAE in a simple, agile and flexible way was observed. For this reason, the creation of a library called tfVAE was proposed, which offers an ordered, structured and scalable solution to the given problem. This not only allows the study or experimentation of the model, but also facilitates the implementation of new variants of it. This library unites concepts from Computer Science with the use of neural models, and from Software Engineering, such as the use of an architectural pattern based on Domain Driven Design (DDD). For the experimentation, preliminary experiments were first carried out using the MNIST database, which would serve as a reference point for the rest of the experiments, where the MNIST and Fashion-MNIST databases would be used. The main experiments were carried out with the model architectures of the preliminary experiments and applied to the state-of-the-art models. In this stage of the experimentation, only the generative capability of the models was tested using the Frechet Inception Distance (FID) computed using our own inception models as a metric. It was mainly observed that the FID obtained from a custom model can obtain consistent results, that reducing the magnitude of the KL divergence leads to better generations, and that scaling the latent vectors can lead to better image generation. Idioma: Inglés","Azken urtetan, Adimen Artifizialak gorakada handia izan du, Ikaskuntza Sakonaren arloan, hain zuzen ere. Variational Auto-Encoder-a (VAE) eredu sortzaile sakon bat da, aldez aurretik ezkutuko banaketa batera sarrera datuen ezaugarriak mapatzen dituena, eta datuak ezkutuko bektoreetatik abiatuta berreraikitzen dituena. Datuak mapatzeko eta berreraikitzeko, ereduak erabiltzen ditu kodetzailea eta deskodetzailea Sare Neuronal Sakonak, hurrenez hurren, eta a priori banaketa latentea Gaussiana banaketa da normalean. VAE eredu sortzaile funtzionala den arren, bere entrenamendu-metodoa gatazkatsua da, kostu-funtzioa bi baliok osatzen baitute: berreraikitze-errorea eta Kullback-Leibler (KL) dibergentziak. Horregatik, esperimentatu dugu entrenamendu-prozesu horri buruz, eta ereduaren egoeraren bariante desberdinak esperimentatu nahi izan dira, alderdi horretan hobekuntzak proposatzen dituztenak. Esperimentaziorako, VAErekin modu sinple, azkar eta malguan lan egiteko tresnarik ez zegoela ikusi zen. Horregatik, tfVAE izeneko liburutegia sortzea planteatu zen, emandako arazoari irtenbide ordenatua, egituratua eta eskalagarria emateko. Horrek, ereduaren azterketa edo esperimentazioa ahalbidetzeaz gain, haren bariante berrien inplementazioa ere errazten du. Liburutegi honek Konputazio Zientzien eredu neuronalen eta Software Ingeniaritzaren kontzeptuak batzen ditu, hala nola Domain Driven Design-en oinarritutako arkitektura-patroiaren erabilera. Esperimentaziorako, lehenik eta behin, MNIST datu-basea erabiliz egindako aurretiazko esperimentu batzuk egin ziren, gainerako esperimentuetarako erreferentzia-puntu gisa balioko zutenak, non MNIST eta Fashion-MNIST datu-baseak erabiliko ziren. Esperimentu nagusiak aurretiazko esperimentuen ereduen arkitekturekin egin ziren, artearen egoeraren ereduei aplikatuz. Esperimentazio-etapa honetan, modeloen sortze-gaitasuna soilik egiaztatu zen, Frechet Inception Distance (FID) erabiliz, betiere inception eredu propioen baldintzapean, metrika gisa. Batez ere ikusi zen eredu pertsonalizatu batetik lortutako FIDak emaitza sendoak lor ditzakeela, KL dibergentziaren magnitudea murrizteak sorkuntza hobeak dakartzala, eta ezkutuko bektoreen eskalatzeak irudi-sorkuntza hobea ekar dezakeela. Idioma:Euskera" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14044,2015-01-19,"Knowing the subjective psychological well-being and life satisfaction of those who take responsibility for lone parent families is an improvement of educational action, helping to prevent hazard situations and social exclusion. This paper presents the analysis of life satisfaction, expressed by a group of young immigrant mothers at the head of single mother’s users of “Programa Beregain of Fundación Itaka-Escolapios” (Bilbao). It was carried out semi-structured individual interviews to the mothers who were part of the sample. Data analysis and their interpretation were carried out according to a qualitative methodology, specifically the study of cases. The results showed the low satisfaction in certain vital areas related to interpersonal relationships, leisure, the conciliation of childcare, with the formation itself, and the inability to face up to economic charges without the help that they receive on the part of foundation.","Guraso bakarreko familietan, familiaren ardura hartzen duten norbanakoen ongizate psikologiko subjektiboa ezagutzeak, hezkuntzaren alderdi bat hobetzen du, horrela ba, arrisku egoerak eta baztertze soziala ekiditen dira. Lan honek, guraso bakarreko familietako ama gazte immigranteen talde baten gainean egindako analisia adierazten du, non ama hauek “Fundación Itaka-Escolapios Beregain Programa”-ren partaide dira, eta hauek bizi-asetzea adierazi dute. Horretarako, semiestrukturatutako entrebista indibidualak egin zaizkie ama hauei. Jasotako erantzun eta interpretazio nahiz datuak, metodologia kualitatiboa bateen arabera aztertu dira, kasuen ikerketa berariaz. Jasotako emaitzek beraien bizitzetako hainbat egoera kaxkar erakutsi zuten, hala nola arazo interpertsonalak, arazoak aisialdiarekin, beraien seme-alaben formakuntzaren gaineko kezka, eta gastu ekonomikoei aurre egiteko ezintasuna, diru laguntzarik jaso gabe fundazioaren aldetik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54016,2021-11-23,"This paper brings together the tasks and responsibilities I have had as a junior engineer at Franklin Brazing & Metal Treating during my internship. From reviewing and updating or correcting old assembly instructions, to analyzing production and labor data for process optimization. I was also responsible for creating a calculation template for the Brazing process and automating the changeover of the company's work instruction format. Both Franklin and I have finished this experience very satisfied. I thank the University of the Basque Country and the University of Cincinnati for the technical preparation and opportunities they have given me.","Lan honek praktiketan Franklin Brazing & Metal Treating enpresako ingeniari junior gisa izan ditudan zereginak eta erantzukizunak biltzen ditu. Muntatzeko argibide zaharrak berrikustea eta eguneratzea edo zuzentzea, ekoizpenaren datuak eta eskulanak aztertzea prozesuak optimizatzeko. Soldadura prozesurako kalkulu taula sortzeaz eta konpainiaren lan argibideen birformatizazioa automatizatzeaz ere arduratu nintzen. Franklinek eta biok oso pozik amaitu dugu esperientzia hau. Eskerrak ematen dizkiet Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateari eta Cincinnatiko Unibertsitateari eman didaten prestaketa eta aukerengatik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26147,1992,they are explained differents data about sexual agressions and it is underlined the victims troubles refering to the need of its accussations and tratament.,"egileak ematen du datu desberdinak sexual erasoei dagokiona eta gaillurtzen du eraikeituak daukaten gainberak, aipatzen ere, behar direla denuntziak eta osabideak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63075,2023-06-08,"The purpose of this paper is to study a series of essential rights in the work environment: the right to privacy, the right to data protection, and the new rights of the Digital Age, the so-called ""digital rights"". The work begins with a historical overview of the regulation of these rights, followed by an analysis of current European and national legislation on the subject, as well as an examination of existing case law and doctrine, in order to better understand the application of these rights in practice.","Idazki honen helburua, lan esparruan ezinbestekoak diren zenbait eskubide aztertzea da: intimitaterako eskubidea, datuak babesteko eskubidea eta Aro Digitaleko eskubide berriak, “eskubide digitalak” deritzenak. Lehenik eta behin, eskubide horien erregulazioari buruzko ibilbide historikoa egiten da, eta ondoren, arlo horretan indarrean dagoen araudia aztertzen da, bai europarra, bai nazionala. Horrez gain, jurisprudentzia eta doktrina aztertzen dira, eskubide horiek praktikan nola aplikatzen diren hobeto ulertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31259,2019-01-28,"Male Professional football in many parts of the world has ceased to be a sport and become more of a global business, having too great an influence on the economic situation of different cities. Through this project, we will analyse the financial-economic situation of the Basque football teams who are in Liga Santander (Athletic Club de Bilbao, Deportivo Alavés, Real Sociedad de San Sebastian and Sociedad Deportiva Eibar) over the season 2016-2017. To achieve this, we have carried out a comparative study of their annual accounts and predicted options for their viability in the future.","Gizonezkoen futbol profesionalak kirola izateari utzi dio munduko toki askotan; izan ere, ikuskizun eta negozio bilakatu da maila globalean eta lurralde ezberdinetako ekonomian garrantzi handia du. Lan honen bitartez, LigaSantander-en parte hartzen duten euskal taldeen (Athletic Club de Bilbao, Deportivo Alavés, Real Sociedad de San Sebastian eta Sociedad Deportiva Eibar) epe zehatz bateko egoera ekonomiko-finantzarioa aztertu nahi dugu, 2016-2017 denboraldikoa hain zuzen. Horretarako, talde hauen urteko kontuen azterketa konparatiboa burutuko dugu eta etorkizunean bideragarriak izateko aukerak bilatu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70296,2024-06-28,"Tax liability is one of the most current topics in the tax field nowadays. In this work, we will try to explain some of the problems that involve this instrument, with special interest in those that have been resolved by the Supreme Court recently. Although, in view of the extent of the work, an in-depth study cannot be carried out, an attempt has been made to synthesize the next topics: the issue to the concept of tax liability, its nature (with a special view of sanctioning liability) and the challenge of the derivation of liability.","Zerga-erantzukizuna zerga-arloan gaurkotasun handiena duen gaietako bat da. Lan honetan, tresna honen inguruan sortzen diren arazoetako batzuk landuko dira, batez ere Auzitegi Gorenak duela gutxi ebatzi dituenak. Lanaren hedadura ikusita, azterketa sakonik egin ezin den arren, gaia zerga-erantzukizunaren kontzeptura, horren izaerara (zigortzeko erantzukizunari ikuspegi berezia emanez) eta erantzukizunaren deribazioaren aurkaratzera laburbiltzen saiatu da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47269,2020,"The current legislation generally requires the intervention of both lawyer and attorney in trials. In this thesis, I analyze this last figure regarding its evolution along history, finally I'll offer a possible future of the evolution of such profession throughout a thorough reflexion of the outcomes of my research. In order to achieve this, I have done on the one hand a doctrinal analysis, where most of the tesis relays and on the other hand a social focussed research to outline the contrast among different professionals in the legal field.","Indarrean dagoen legedia, arau orokor gisa, postulazioa eskatzen du, hau da, abokatuaren eta prokuradorearen esku-hartzea epaiketetan. Lan honetan, azkenengo irudi hau aztertu dut bere bilakaera historioan zehar eta, horrez gain, lanbidearen etorkizuna argitzen saiatzen naiz. Horretarako, analisi bikoitza egin dut; alde batetik, doktrinala eta beste aldetik, izaera soziala duen ikerketa, batez ere, arlo juridikoko profesionalen pertzepzio ezberdinak kontrastatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14294,2015-01-27,"This research project aims to help with the calibration of a mechanism with five revolute joints that is in the machine shop of Mechanical Engineering of ETSI Bilbao. Firstly, optimization algorithms are going to be studied paying special attention to the comparison between Levenberg-Marquart and Gauss-Newton. Studies are going to be made in Matlab to conclude which of the two is more effective in both speed and accuracy. Whichever is most appropriate will be implemented in a program for calibration of the mechanism. Secondly, observability index are going to be studied. Studies have been done on them are inconclusive so we will try to clarify their utility and try to determine which one should be used in this case. To do this we must set the resolution of the inverse kinematic problem. Finally, results and conclusions are presented. A line of future research based on this project will be developed.","Ikerketa-proiektu honen helburua Bilboko IGET-ko Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko lantegian dagoen bost biraketa lotura mekanismoaren kalibrazioan laguntzea da. Lehenengoz, optimizazio-algoritmoak aztertuko dira arreta berezia Levenberg-Marquart-en eta Gauss-Newton-en arteko konparazioan jarriz. Matlab-en ikerketak egingo dira bietako zein den eraginkorrena bai azkartasunean bai zehaztasunean ere jakiteko. Egokiena programa batean ezarriko da mekanismoaren kalibraziorako. Bigarrenik ikusketa indizeak aztertuko dira. Orain arte haien inguruan egin diren ikerketak ez dira oso zehatzak, horregatik, beraien erabilgarritasuna argitzen eta kasu honetan zein den komenigarriena zehazten saiatuko gara. Hori egin ahal izateko alderantzizko arazo zinematikoaren soluzioa programatu beharko da. Azkenik emaitzak eta ondorioak aurkeztuko dira. Etorkizunean, lan hau oinarri gisa harturik, ikerketarekin nola jarraitu proposatuko da ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23086,2017-09,The main objective of the system developed is to create a method of monitoring the health of essential parts used mainly in aircrafts and wind generators. The project described in this document consists of the development of a procedure of detection and read of data of damages to pieces of great relevance. The project uses a new electronic device connected to a sensor that is installed directly over the pieces to be monitored. The results collected by the device are transmitted via radio to a new equipment designed. The work involves the development of integrated hardware and software as well as verification by testing the operation of the complete product.,"Garatutako sistemaren helburua aeronautikan edo haize errotetan erabilitako piezen osasuna jarraitzeko metodoa sortzea da. Dokumentu honetan deskribatutako proiektua garrantzi handiko piezen gainean emandako inpaktuen detekzioa eta irakurmena ahalbidetzen duen prozedimendua garatzean oinarrituta dago. Inplementaziorako ekipamendu elektroniko bat lotuta daukan sentsore piezoelektriko bat erabiltzen da, eta, aldi berean, irakurmenerako irrati transmisioa erabiltzen da. Egindako lanak sistema txertatuen garapena eta entseguen bidezko funtzionamenduaren egiaztapena barne hartzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23268,2017-07,"In this Bachelor Degree Final Work the need to reduce the energy consumption and the amount of energy buildings use are reflected. The aim of this work is to analyse buildings’ Energy Performance Certificates’ (EPC) situation in Spain. Firstly, buildings’ EPC term and how they work are explained by using an example. After that, the Spanish situation on this matter has been analysed: present data of the EPCs of different Spanish regions have been gathered, and comparisons among these regions are made. In addition, a report about the situation of July 2015 has been use and comparisons between the current information and that from the report from 2 years ago have been made. Finally, the problems found in the previous section have been pointed out.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan eraikinek energia kontsumoan duten inpaktua eta kontsumoa murrizteko beharra islatzen dira. Lanaren helburua Espainiako Energia- Eraginkortasun Ziurtagirien (EEZen) egoera aztertzea da. Lehenik eta behin, EEZen kontzeptuan sakontzen da, kasu espezifiko bat erabiliz, zer diren eta nola funtzionatzen duten azaltzen da. Ondoren, Espainiako EEZen egoera aztertu da. Horretarako IDAEk 2015eko uztaileko autonomia erkidego ezberdinen EEZen datuekin egindako txostenetik (3. txostena) eta 2017an lurralde ezberdinen erregistroetatik datu eguneratuak lortu dira. Konparaketak egin dira datu eguneratuek eskaini dituzten autonomia erkidegoen artean, eta 2015eko informeko datuen eta datu eguneratuen artean. Azkenik, aurreko atalean aurkitu diren arazo eta inkoherentziak islatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67715,2024-05-07,"In the theoretical framework of this Final Degree Project, it has been observed that, although music and dance are currently excluded from Primary Education, they contribute to the holistic development of students. The aim of this work is to investigate and analyse the benefits of dance and music in Primary Education for the holistic development of children through a didactic proposal based on observation. In order to carry out the work, we worked with classroom 4A at the school. In order to make the selection, the observation process was important. In addition, different questionnaires were created to obtain different results. These were filled in by the teacher, the pupils and the author of this work. The procedure carried out to carry out the work is detailed below: at the university, the topic was selected and a meeting was held with the tutor. In this sense, what to do was defined and the agreement of the lecturer to carry out the proposal was received. Subsequently, the observation process was carried out, the intervention was planned and carried out, and results and conclusions were obtained through questionnaires. As can be seen in the procedure, using the Practicum III work experience period for the Primary Education degree, a proposal for a didactic unit centred on dance accompanied by music was created, which was carried out in the Physical Education sessions. Based on the pupils' self-assessments, the assessment criteria questionnaires completed by the tutor and the results obtained in the observation of the author of the work, it is shown that the proposed intervention contributes greatly to the pupils' all-round development. Finally, by way of conclusion, it is recommended that dance and music be actively and systematically integrated into Primary Education, as it offers children the possibility of experimenting with content that is unusual for them and enjoying the benefits that these disciplines can bring to their lives.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen marko teorikoan, gaur egun, musika eta dantza Lehen Hezkuntzan baztertutako alderdiak diren arren, ikasleen garapen integralean ekarpena egiten dutela ikusi da. Lan honen helburua, Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan dantzak eta musikak haurren garapen integralari dakarzkion onurak ikertzea eta aztertzea behaketan oinarritutako egindako proposamen didaktiko baten bidez da. Lana aurrera eramateko, eskolako 4A gelarekin lan egin da. Aukeraketa egiteko, egindako behaketa prozesua garrantzitsua izan da. Gainera, galdetegi desberdinak sortu dira emaitza desberdinak lortzeko. Hauek, irakasleak, ikasleek eta lan honen autoreak bete dituzte. Gero, lana burutzeko aurrera eramandako prozedura zehaztu da: unibertsitatean, gaiaren aukeraketa eta tutorearekin bilera egin da. Honetan, zer egin zehaztu, eta eskolan murgilduta, irakaslearen partez, proposamena aurrera eramateko baiezkoa jaso da. Gero, behaketa prozesua burutu, esku-hartzea planifikatu eta aurrera eraman eta galdetegiak erabilita, emaitzak eta ondorioak lortu dira. Prozeduran ikus daitekeen moduan, Lehen Hezkuntza graduko Practicum IIIrako praktikaldia erabilita, musikaz lagundutako dantza ardatz duen unitate didaktiko proposamen bat sortu da, Gorputz Hezkuntzako saioetan aurrera eraman dena. Ikasleen autoebaluazioetan, tutoreak betetako ebaluazio-irizpideen galdetegietan eta lanaren autorearen behaketan jasotako emaitzetan oinarrituta, proposatutako esku-hartzeak ikasleen garapen integralean ekarpen handia egiten duela erakusten dute. Azkenik, ondorio moduan, dantza eta musika modu aktiboan eta sistematikoan Lehen Hezkuntzan txertatzea gomendatzen da, haurrei haientzat ohikoa ez diren edukiekin esperimentatzeko eta diziplina horiek beren bizitzei ekar diezazkieketen onurez gozatzeko aukera eskaintzen baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/11707,2014-03-12T07:07:24Z,"AbstractIn this dissertation, our work on the study of chiral secondary amines aspromoters in enantioselective organocatalytic cascade reactions towards theasymmetric synthesis of different substituted hetero- and carbocycles is presented.In this sense, we have developed an efficient methodology for theconstruction of hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furans containing four stereocenters by meansof an amine catalyzed oxa-Michael/aldol/hemiacetalization cascade reaction byreacting different , -unsaturated aldehydes with dihydroxyacetone underiminium/enamine catalysis. Remarkably, a high pKa oxygen pro-nucleophile hasbeen employed as functionalized Michael donor to initiate the conjugate process,which represents an important feature of this transformation. This methodology hasled to the formation of polysubstituted furofuranes in excellent yields and diastereoandenantioselectivities. Moreover, different related compounds can be accessedthrough the selective manipulation of the functionalities present within the obtainedadducts emphasising the potential of this methodology for the synthesis of usefulchiral building blocks. Additionally, this strategy has been extended to the use of Nprotected--aminoacetophenone for the synthesis of -lactams through aMichael/hemiaminalization cascade sequence.On the other hand, we have set up an enantioselective formal [2+2]cycloaddition reaction between enolizable , -unsaturated aldehydes andnitroalkenes towards the synthesis of highly substituted cyclobutanes. In thisparticular case, the combination of an , -diphenylprolinol derivative and anachiral thiourea was employed as the catalytic system, which was shown as apowerful activation strategy for the development of this reaction, affording productsin high yields and with excellent stereocontrol","LaburpenaDoktorego tesi honetan, estrategia organokatalitikoak aukeratu dira zenbaitinteres handiko konposatuen sintesi asimetrikoa aurrera eramateko. Zentzu honetan,kaskada erreakzioetan oinarritutako prozesuak diseinatu dira aminokatalizatzaileekeskaintzen duten aktibazio modu ezberdinak erabiliz etekin eta kontrolestereokimiko altuak lortuz.Lehenik, enantioaberastutako furofurano poliordezkatuak lortzeko sintesiaminokatalitikoa ikertu da dihidroxiazetona eta aldehido , -asegabetuak erabiliz.Kasu honetan, iminio eta enamina aktibazio motak konbinatu egin dira oxa-Michael/aldolika erreakzioa/hemiazetalizazioa kaskada prozesu enantioselektibo etaeraginkor bat aurrera eramanez. Era berean, lortutako produktuen aldakortasunsintetikoak zenbait eraldaketa kimiko burutzea ahalbidetu du metodologia honengarrantzi sintetikoa erakutsiz. Halaber, garatutako estrategia aminokatalitikoazabaltzeko asmoz, -aminoazetofenonaren erabilera frogatu da -laktamaezberdinak lortuz. Aldi berean, sintetizatutako heteroziklo hauek konposatu 1,4-dikarboniliko enantioaberats ezberdinetan eraldatu egin dira.Bestalde, [2+2] zikloadizio organokatalitiko formala aztertu da katalisikobalente eta ez kobalentea erabiliz. Horretarako, aminokatalizatzaile eta tioureazosatutako sistema katalitikoa aukeratu da, bi aktibazio modu hauen kooperazioaketekin eta kontrol estereokimiko altuak lortzea ahalbideratzen duela frogatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53976,2021-11-23,"The work presented below focuses on two main objectives: the first is to analyze whether riders are employees or, on the contrary, whether they are self-employed workers, i.e. self-employed. For this purpose, we will analyze in depth the labor-related characteristics of employee relationships, using the position of the Courts in the social jurisdictional order in recent years, examining judgments that have opted to support the labor-related nature of ""riders"", but at the same time comparing them with others that defend the non-labor-related nature of riders. In addition, we will focus on the latest ruling of the Supreme Court on the subject, which has had great significance in the development of the so-called ""riders law"". The second objective is focused on studying the process that has been carried out to create a regulation that contributes to obtain a clear answer regarding the legal qualification that these workers should have. Therefore, we will approach the study of the recently approved Real Decree-Law 9/2021, of May 11, on ""riders"". In addition, we will know the legal dimension of the ""riders"" in the Law and jurisprudence of the European Union and in Comparative Law.","Jarraian aurkezten den lana bi helburu nagusi ditu: lehenengoa, rider-ak besteren konturako langileak diren aztertzea, edo, aitzitik, norberaren konturako langileak diren aztertzea, hau da, autonomoak. Helburu horrekin, sakon aztertuko ditugu besteren konturako bereizgarri diren lanekotasun-notak, eta, horretarako, auzitegiek azken urteetan lan-arloko jurisdikzioan izan duten jarrera erabiliko dugu, rider direlakoen lanekotasunaren alde egin duten epaiak aztertuz, baina, aldi berean, horien lanekotasunik eza defendatzen duten beste epai batzuekin alderatuz. Gainera, Auzitegi Gorenak ""riders Legea"" deritzona egiteko garrantzi handia izan duen gaiari buruz eman duen azken epaiari erreparatuko diogu. Bigarren helburua da langile horiek izan behar duten kalifikazio juridikoari buruzko erantzun argia lortzen lagunduko duen erregulazio bat osatzeko egin den prozesua aztertzea. Horregatik, ""Rider"" ei buruzko maiatzaren 11ko 9/2021 Errege Lege Dekretua aztertzeari ekingo diogu. Gainera, “riderrek” Europar Batasuneko zuzenbidean eta jurisprudentzian eta zuzenbide partekatuan duten dimentsio juridikoa ezagutuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20970,2017-03-17,"This project defines the manufacture process of a brake disc using CAD/CAM programs, deepening in the section of machining. So as to do that, it describes the advantages of this kind of manufacturing and analyzes the alternatives, choosing one unique solution. Afterwards it shows the creation of the design and the machining process using CAD/CAM programs, and a machining simulation. Finally, it calculates the manufacturing schedule and the grant of expenses, achieving a determined cost for each disc brake.","Proiektu honetan balaztatze disko baten CAD/CAM bidezko fabrikazio prozesua azaltzen da, mekanizazio arloan sakonduz. Horretarako, fabrikazio mota honen onurak azaltzen dira eta ondoren pieza mota honen fabrikazio alternatibak aztertzen dira, soluzio bat aukeratuz. Ondoren, diseinua eta mekanizazioa prozesua eratzen dira CAD/CAM programen bidez eta mekanizazioa simulatzen da. Amaitzeko, ekoizpen prozesuaren kronograma eta gastuen aitorpena kalkulatu dira, pieza kostu determinatu bat lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58210,2022-10-28,"The present work intends to analyze article 89 of the Penal Code that deals with the substitution of the prison sentence for the expulsion of foreigners. In particular, article 89 of the Penal Code after the reform of Organic Law 1/2015, which introduced various changes, the most notable changes are: on the one hand, the extension of the subjective scope of application of article 89 to all foreign citizens; on the other hand, the introduction of individualization criteria so that expulsion will not be applied if it is disproportionate. In addition, the concept of immigration in Spain, the relationship between immigration and crime will also be analyzed. Finally, the quantitative reality of expulsions of foreigners that are carried out will be studied, and therefore, the effectiveness of article 89 of the Penal Code will be determined.","Lan honen helburua Zigor Kodearen 89. artikulua aztertzea da, hau da, espetxe-zigorraren ordez atzerritarren kanporatzea ezartzen duen Zigor Kodeko artikulua. Zigor Kodearen 89. artikuluak, 1/2015 Lege Organikoak erreformatu ondoren, hainbat aldaketa jasan ditu, baina aldeketa nagusienak hurrengoak izan dira: alde batetik, 89. artikulua aplikatzeko eremu subjektiboa atzerriko herritar guztiei zabaltzea; bestetik, indibidualizazio-irizpideak sartzea, beraz, kanporatzea ez da aplikatuko neurriz kanpokoa bada. Gainera, Espainiako immigrazioaren fenomenoa eta delinkuentziaren eta immigrazioaren artean dagoen ustezko harremana aztertuko da, azkenik, atzerritarren kanporatzeen errealitate kuantitatiboa hobeto ulertu ahal izateko, eta, beraz, Zigor Kodearen 89. artikuluaren eraginkortasuna zehaztu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51001,2021-04-15,"From the perspective of the constructivist theory of learning, education is the construction that arises from a dynamic and interactive process, allowing it to explain the relationship between development and learning. This last one, learning, is a shared and unified process where information is interpreted. In addition, this perspective defends the participation of other cultural agents together with the students, making the socializing function of education irrevocable. Something to be outlined is the important role that students acquire in the construction of their learning, as well as the significant way to do it, while the teacher stays in the background playing the role of guide or assistant. For this reason, the aim of this Final Degree Project is to support constructivist learning by defending its benefits in motivation and learning. To achieve this, an intervention based on this learning perspective has been proposed. In order to carry out this intervention, discovery-based methodology has been used, more specifically the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method, due to its relation with the constructivist theory. This intervention has been carried out in an educational centre in Vitoria-Gasteiz in order to verify its reliability, concretely in the third-grade classroom of compulsory primary education. Once the intervention was carried out, the obtained results were analyzed, having in minded the main objective: constructivist learning leads to increased motivation and knowledge.","Ikaskuntzaren teoria konstruktibistaren ikuspegitik, hezkuntza prozesu dinamiko eta interaktibo batetik sortutako eraikuntza da, ikaskuntzaren eta garapenaren arteko erlazioa azaltzea ahalbidetzen duena. Ikaskuntza hortaz, partekatutako eta bateratutako prozesua da. Prozesu honetan kanpoko informazioa interpretatu egiten da eta honek ikasleez gain bestelako agente kulturalek ere esku hartzen dutela defendatzen du, hezkuntzaren izate soziala eta funtzio sozializatzailea ukaezina izanez. Honetan ikasleek haien ezagutzen eraikuntzaren protagonistak dira, era esanguratsuan ikasiz, eta irakasleak berriz laguntzaile edota gidari paperaz jokatzen du. Horrela, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua ikaskuntza tradizionalari aurre egiten dion ikaskuntza konstruktibistaren alde jartzea izango da, honek ikaskuntzan eta motibazioan dakartzan onurak defendatuz. Horretarako, ikaskuntza ikuskera hau oinarri duen esku-hartzea proposatu da. Esku-hartzea aurrera eramateko aurkikuntzan oinarritutako metodologia erabili da, Problemetan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntza alegia (POI), honek ikuskera konstruktibistarekin duen erlazioa abiapuntu izanik. Hau Gasteiz hiriko eskola bateko Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako ikasleekin martxan jarri da, eskola inguruan sumatu egin den arazoari ekinez. Amaitutakoan, lortutako emaitzak aztertu dira, zehaztutako helburu nagusia abiapuntu izanik: ikaskuntza konstruktibistak motibazioa eta ezagutzaren handipena ekartzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23106,2017-07,"The electrical substation busbars must be protected against failures, to prevent a failure affecting the stability of the entire electrical system. To meet this requirement, the differential protection of bars is used. In this work, the issue of the protection of substation busbars, existing types of protection and the realization of simulations of different types of failures that can occur in a substation will be studied using PowerFactory software. The purpose of this document is to design the relays that protect the busbar of a distribution substation, providing the information necessary for its implementation. Coordination between them to ensure the correct operation of the substation to short circuits and relay settings will be established and performed an analysis of the results of the simulations carried out. In particular, for a three-phase failure in a line and a lack of single-phase grounding busbar.","Azpiestazio elektrikoetako barrak babestuta egon behar dira falten aurrean, akatsak sistema elektriko guztiaren egonkortasunari eragin diezaion saihesteko. Eskakizun hauek buruan, barretako babes diferentziala erabiltiko da. Lan honetan azpiestazioko barren babesa eta existitzen diren babes-erak ikertuko dira, hala nola azpiestazio batean PowerFactory software-a erabiliz gerta daitezkeen falta ezberdineetako itxurak. Dokumentu honen helburua banaketa-azpiestazio bateko lohiztatutakoa babesten duten errele taldeen diseinua da, baita bere ezarpenerako beharrezko diren datuak eskaintzea ere. Azpiestazioaren funtzionamendu zuzena zirkuitulaburren aurrean bermatzeko, erreleen ezarpenak eta haien arteko koordinazioa ezarriko da eta egindako simulazioen emaitzen analisi bat berrikusiko da. Zehazki, lerroko falta trifasikorako eta lurrerako falta monofasikorako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31926,2019-03-07,"Day by day the society is getting more and more global. This lead to be surrounded by people from different countries and cultures. Since we are facing those changes at schools an inclusive education is needed, whose piles will be equality between students. We cannot leave aside that this system must be adapted to all type of people regardless their culture in order to have an intercultural coexistence. Besides, taking into account the continuous changes that are placing in the society, it would be interesting to update all the methodologies the teachers are carrying out. At the end of the day the educational system (teachers included) needs to be continuously ready to catch up with the changes of the society. This project will be focused on two main things. Firstly, how to create and put in practice a welcome plan and secondly, whether the welcome plan that the Basque Government provides is followed by schools or not.","Gaur egun, gure gizartea geroz eta globalagoa da. Gure inguruan herrialde, errealitate edota kultura ezberdineko pertsonaz inguraturik gaude. Eskoletan ere egoera berdinaren aurrean gaude. Beraz, eskolen zeregina hezkuntza inklusibo bat eraikitzea izango da, ikasleen arteko berdintasuna oinarri izanik, pertsona guztiak aintzat hartzen dituena, bazterketarik eman gabe, ikasle guztiei erantzunak emanez eta bizikidetza interkultural bat dagoelarik. Bestalde, gizartean ematen ari diren aldaketak ikusiz, interesgarria izango litzateke irakasleek aurrera eramaten dituzten metodologia guztiak egungo egoerara egokitzea. Azken finean, aniztasunari aurre egiteko hezkuntzak etengabeko aldaketak egin beharko ditu gizartearen erritmora joateko eta ikasle guztiei erantzun bat emateko. Aipatutako guztiagatik eta ikastetxeetan Harrera-planak duen garrantziarengatik, lan honekin alde batetik Harrera-plana nola landu eta aurrera eramaten den eta bestetik ea Eusko Jaurlaritzak eskuragarri duen Harrera-plana egiteko dokumentu orientabidea eskolek betetzen duten ikusi ahal izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75384,2025-11-05,"This thesis presents a comparative analysis of torque control techniques where classical PI(D)s and PWM control methods based inner current controllers are implemented for electric motors. In these cases, sampling frequency of the controller is usually equal or twice the frequency of the triangular wave of PWM modulator and the switching frequency is fixed. If an improved bandwidth of the control loop is required, at least two options exist; use other controllers than PI or implement controller where the sampling frequency of the controller and the average switching frequency can differ. Therefore, other additional control methods should be analysed: Direct Torque Control (DTC) with hysteresis controllers and Model Predictive Torque Control (MPTC) with Finite States (FS-MPTC). Overall, this study is introduced with a literature review of these control strategies, highlighting their theoretical foundations and practical implementations. Furthermore, simulations in Simulink are utilised to validate theoretical findings, providing quantitative comparisons of the methods under various operating conditions for switching frequency analysis. Finally, the performance during steady state conditions is evaluated in terms of torque, flux and current ripple, and voltage switching pattern. Finally, an analysis of torque dynamic response is executed for the three methods. The results of this research aim to provide insights into the advantages and limitations of each method, assisting in the selection of an optimal torque control strategy for high-performance electrical drives. The study concludes with recommendations on the applicability of MPTC technique for electric drives and considerations about implementation feasibility of this method.","Tesi honek motor elektrikoen indar-paren kontrol tekniken azterketa konparatibo bat aurkezten du, PI(D) kontrolatzaile klasikoetan eta PWM metodoetan oinarrituz. Kontrolatzailearen lagin maiztasuna normalean modulador PWM-ren triangelu uhinaren frekuentzia berdina edo bikoitza izaten da, eta aldi berean, aldatze frekuentzia finkoa da. Kontrol sistemaren banda zabalera hobetzeko, bi aukera proposatzen dira: PI baino bestelako kontrolatzaileak erabiltzea edo lagin maiztasunaren eta aldatze maiztasunaren arteko desberdintasunak onartzen dituen kontrolatzaile bat ezartzea. DTC (Direct Torque Control) histerezis kontrolatzailekin eta MPTC (Model Predictive Torque Control) Estatuekin metodo osagarriak aztertzen dira. Ikertzeak estrategia hauen literatura azterketa batekin hasten da, oinarri teorikoak eta praktiken nabarmentzearekin. Simulink-en simulazioak erabiltzen dira aurkikuntza teorikoak balioztatzeko, funtzionamendu baldintza desberdinetan kuantitatiboki konparazioak eskainiz. Hirugarren metodoen errendimendua egoera estatsionarioan ebaluatzen da, indar-parea, fluxuaren irizpideak, estatorearen korrontea eta tentsioaren aldatze patroiak kontuan hartuz. Gainera, indar-parearekin erantzun dinamikoa aztertzen da, funtzionamendu baldintzak eta metodoen parametroak doitzeko. Emaitzek teknika bakoitzaren abantailak eta mugak ezagutzen laguntzea dute helburu, indar-parearen kontrol estrategiaren aukeraketa errazteko. Ikertzeak MPTC-ren aplikagarritasunari buruzko gomendioekin eta teknologia honen ezarpenaren bideragarritasunari buruzko gogoetarekin amaitzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25849,2018-03-21,"Some studies have shown that educational musical theatre has several benefits among the children. However, the musical theatre research as a teaching resource in formal education is quite poor, because most of the studies work at extracurricular projects. This essay studies the musical theatre educational potential and its advantages. Thanks to a pedagogical method it has been proved that the students have achieved the objectives, improved their motivation, their ability to work in a team and that they have enjoyed the performing arts in a proper educational atmosphere. The study shows us the benefits of using musical theatre as a mean in formal education.","Ikasketa batzuk antzerki musikal hezigarriak umeengan hainbat onura dituela erakutsi dute. Dena den, antzerki musikalaren ikerkuntza baliabide didaktiko gisa, oso mugatua da hezkuntza formalaren alorrean, ikerketa gehienek Curriculumetik kanpoko proiektuak lantzen baitituzte. Horrela izanda, lan honek, antzerki musikalak duen potentzial didaktikoa aztertzen du eta dakartzan onurak erakusten ditu. Esku hartze pedagogiko baten bitartez, ikasleek ezarritako helburuak lortu dituztela frogatu da; beraien motibazioa eta taldean lan egiteko gaitasuna hobetu dute eta arte eszenikoez gozatu dute hezkuntza giro egoki batean. Beraz, ikerketak antzerki musikala baliabide didaktiko gisa erabiltzearen onurak erakusten ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17687,2016-03-16,"The development of scientific competence in primary school is still an undeveloped subject. Find a way to immerse students in the scientific culture and help them to develop the researching competence, designing their own research to find an answer to the problem, is not something common in our schools. This intervention is designed to cope with this situation and look for a solution. Through it, the main objective is that students in Primary Education, is to be more proficient in the sciences through making researches. In the activity implementation, most of the students have created a research design, we have achieved better results when they have worked in group and they have been able to relate the buoyancy with the density.","Gaur egun, konpetentzia zientifikoaren garapena Lehen Hezkuntzako eskolan gutxi garatu den gaia da. Ikasleak kultura zientifikoan murgiltzeko forma aurkitu eta ikerketa gaitasuna garatzen laguntzea, planteatutako arazoei erantzuna bilatzeko ikerketa propioak diseinatuz, ez da batere arrunta gure eskoletan. Esku hartze hau, egoera honi aurre egiteko eta arazoari irtenbide bat bilatzeko diseinatuta izan da. Honen bidez, Lehen Hezkuntzan, ikasleak ikerketen bitartez zientzietan konpetenteagoak izatea da helburu nagusia. Martxan jarritako ekimenean, ikasle gehienak ikerketaren diseinua eraiki dute, emaitza hobeak lortu dira taldean aritu direnean eta flotagarritasuna dentsitatearekin lotzeko gai izan dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36845,2019-12-12,"In this Final Degree Project, the Control System of the Artxanda Funicular model was made with the LEGO Mindstorms NXT kit using the Brickx Command Center(BricxCC) softwarein a language similar to C (NXC). It is based on a model made by a University partner and the design of the tracks is improved, a controllerthat regulates the speed of the wagonsand other additional safetyfunctions such as an emergencystop and brake failure detectionare implemented. In this document the different tasks carried out during the project are exposed, making an analysis of the problem and alternatives when necessary. It is a Final Degree Project carried out in collaboration with the Department of Systems Engineering and Automation of the School of Engineering of Bilbao.","Graduko Amaierako Lan honetan, Artxanda Funikularraren ereduarenKontrol Sistema egin da LEGO Mindstorms NXT kitarekin, Brickx Command Center(BricxCC)softwarea erabiliz C antzeko hizkuntza batean (NXC). Graduaren ikaskide batek egindako eredu batean oinarritzen da eta ibilbideendiseinuahobetzen da, abiadura erregulatzen duen kontrolatzaile bateta bestelako segurtasun funtzio, adibidez larrialdietarako geldialdia edo balazta akatsak hautematea,ezartzen dira.Dokumentu honetan proiektuan zehar burutzen diren zereginak aurkesten dira, eta arazoen eta alternatiben azterketa beharreskoak direnean egiten dira. Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Sistemen Ingeniaritza eta Automatizazio Sailarekin lankidetzan egindako Graduko Amaierako Lana da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29369,2018-10-30,"Cardiorespiratory arrest (CA) means the abrupt and unexpected cessation of blood circulation and spontaneous breathing. Therefore, it can produce an irreversible situation. The percentage of survival in cases of CAis very low and an optimal performance of the maneuvers in the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) during the first minutes could increase patient survival up to 70%. Pulse oximetry signal is a noninvasive measure of blood perfusion thorough the skin and subcutaneous tissues. Usually, advanced life support defibrillator monitors used in CPR include an optional pulse oximetry module. Nowadays, the pulse oximetry signal is not common in the treatment of the arrest but it is normally used to monitor stabilized patients. Nevertheless, some authors have proposed the use of the pulse oximetry signal to monitor the CPR effectiveness. Two objectives are proposed in this project. The first objective is to conduct a search and an analysis of current pulse oximetry devices in the market, for knowing their potential use in resuscitation. The second is to study and characterize the pulse oximetry signal with healthy volunteers, under laboratory conditions, in order to acquire knowledge about the pulse oximetry signal.","Bihotzaren eta arnasketaren geldialdiak (BAG-ak) bat bateko eta ezusteko eran odol zirkulazioa eta berezko arnasketaren amai era ekartzen ditu eta beraz, egoera itzulezin atera eraman dezake. BAG-aren kasuetan bizirik irautearen ehunekoa oso baxua da, lehen minutuetako kardiobirika-berpizte maniobrak (KBBak) era hoberenean egiteak pazientea bizirik irautearen %70 erainoko igoera ekar lezake. Pultsu-oximetria seinalea azalera eta larruazalpeko ehunetara odol-perfusioaren neurri ez inbaditzailea da. Bizi-euskarri aurreratuak BAG-erako arretan erabilitako monitore desfibriladoreek aukeran sartu ohi dute pultsu-oximetria modulu bat. Gaur egun, pultsu-oximetria seinalea ez da erabiltzen, eskuarki, geldialdiaren tratamenduan baizik eta, egonkortutako pazienteak monitorizatzeko erabili ohi da. Hala ere, egile batzuek pultsu-oximetria seinalearen erabilera proposatu dute kardiobirika-berpiztearen eraginkortasuna monitorizatzeko. Proiektu honetan bi helburu planteatu dira. Lehen helburua berpizteko erabilera potentzialerako egungo merkatuko pultsu-oximetria gailuen bilaketa bat eta horien analisia egitea da. Bigarrena boluntario osasuntsuekin, laborategitako egoeran, pultsu-oximetria seinalea ikertzea eta bereiztea da, horren gaineko ezaguerak lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24250,2017-09,"The purpose of this end-­‐of-­‐degree paper will be double; this is why it has been divided in two clearly differentiated parts, within which different sub-­‐paragraphs are distinguished. The first one will focus, as the title of the own work indicates, in a study of the various tendencies that the water consumption has followed in Spain in the first fifteen years of the century. The study will be carried out through the data provided by INE on its website. The most relevant data is related to the consumption of water in the economic sectors and the figures directly related to that consumption. The analysis of the data will be carried out at a national level, and later on the paper, it will focus in the autonomous communities considered the most interesting ones, due to their importance among communities or to the peculiarity of their data. The second will consist on making predictions for incoming years about future rainfall and water evaporation rates in the most revealing squares of the peninsula. Thus, the ""KNMI Climate Explorer"" program will be executed to determine those statistics and the difference between the two of them. This program offers different scenarios, but the one corresponding to the average CMIP5 will be used. In short, it will be analyzed both the previous 15 years and the predictions of the following years to arrive at some meaningful conclusions that will help to create a pretty accurate image of the state of the water at a national scale.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua bikoitza izango da; horregatik, bi zati desberdin bereizten dira eta, haien barruan, azpiatal ezberdinak izango ditugu. Lehena, lanaren izenburuak adierazten duen bezala, mendeko lehen hamabostekoan Espainian uraren kontsumoak jarraitutako joeren azterketa izango da. Ikerketa hau, INEk bere webgunean emandako datuak erabiliz egingo da. Daturik garrantzitsuenak sektore ekonomikoen ur kontsumoa eta kontsumo zuzen horren ondoriozko zenbatekoak izango dira. Ateratako datu hauen analisia estatu osoarentzat egingo da lehenik, eta autonomi erkidegorik garrantzitsuenentzat ondoren. Hauen garrantzia, bai heuren datu esanguratsuengatik, bai beste erkidegoekin konparatuta duten interesgarritasunarengatik epaituko da. Bigarrena, datozten urteetako prezipitazioei eta ur lurrunketei buruzko iragarpenak egitea izango da, penintsulako karraturik esanguratsuenetan. Horrela, ""KNMI Climate Explorer"" programa erabiliko da estatistika horiek, baita bien arteko kenketa, ikertzeko. Programa honek agertoki ezberdinak eskaintzen ditu, baina batazbesteko CMIP5-­‐a erabiliko da. Laburbilduz, aurreko 15 urteak eta datozten ondorengo urteetako iragarpenak aztertuko dira emaitza esanguratsuagoetara iristeko. Ondorio hauek, estatu mailako uraren egoeraren irudi zehatz bat osatzen lagunduko dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20078,2017-01-05,"The purpose of this project is to study the performance and the efficiency of LDM technology for the transmission of local services in SFN networks. In order to achieve this goal, it will be needed to choose most suitable transmission configurations (modulation scheme, code rate…) and later, using a simulation platform that recreates LDM´s physical layer, we will obtain different results close to reality. After obtaining the results, the most significant parameters will be analyzed and what is the impact of each one on system performance. Finally, in order to evaluate the real impact of these parameters, the coverages of designed system will be calculated.","Proiektu honen xedea LDM teknologiaren errendimenduaren azterketa egitea da, SFN sareei zuzenduta dauden zerbitzu lokalak transmititzeko. Helburu hori aurrera eramateko, transmisio-konfigurazio (modulazio eskema, code rate…) egokienak hautatuko dira, geroago, LDM teknologiaren geruza fisikoa balitz bezala lan egiten duen simulazio-plataforma batean errealitatetik ahal bezain hurbil dauden emaitzak lortzeko. Behin emaitza horiek lortuta, parametro esanguratsuenak aztertuko dira, baita bakoitzak sistemaren errendimenduan duen eragina ere. Azkenik, parametro horien inpaktu erreala aztertzearren, diseinatutako sistemak ematen dizkigun estaldura erradioak kalkulatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24357,2015,"In the present article, the author explains the reasons why she completed a gender-based PhD in the field of Victimology, and her motivation and starting position, based on her personal and professional experience regarding Victimology and the victimal reality. She also explains the way in which she has developed the research, the methodology applied, as well as her research’s goals. Furthermore, she presents some fundamental issues, concerning social organization and culture, for debate. Such issues affect, on the one hand, the human beings who are victimized, since they determine the social circumstances of greater or lesser vulnerability, or of the violation of their rights. On the other hand, they affect the capacity for social intervention in order to help those who have endured victimization out, to prevent further victimization and to mitigate their suffering –she unveils some of the consequences that neoliberal policies have had in terms of the management of Victim Assistance Services and Offices (which she analyses in depth in her thesis)–.","Artikulu honetan, honako hauek azaltzen ditut: zergatik egin dudan biktimologiari buruzko doktorego tesia eta zergatik genero ikuspegitik; zein den nire motibazioa eta nire abiapuntua, zeina esperientzia pertsonal eta profesionalean oinarritzen den, materia biktimologikoari eta errealitate biktimalari dagokienez. Ikerketa garatzeko modua, lanean erabilitako metodologia eta ikerketaren helburuak ere adierazten ditut. Era berean, antolakuntza eta kultura sozialari buruzko zenbait oinarrizko kontu aipatzen ditut eztabaidarako. Alde batetik, biktimizatutako gizakiengan duten eragina; izan ere, ahultasun handiagoko edo txikiagoko baldintza sozialak edo euren eskubideen urraketa handiagoko edo txikiagoko baldintza sozialak zehazten dituzte. Bestetik, parte-hartze sozialerako ahalmenean ere badute eragina, zeinaren bidez biktimizazioa jasaten dutenei laguntzen zaien hortik ateratzen, birbiktimizazioa saihesten eta jasandako kalteak eragindako sufrimendua gutxitzen. Biktimei arreta emateko zerbitzu eta bulegoen kudeaketan politika neoliberalek izandako eraginaren zantzuak (zeinak tesian sakon aztertzen ditudan) ere ikusi ahalko ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20093,2017-01-09,"This paper addresses the effects of the so called “lonjas” among the young people participating in them in Galdakao. First of all, the historical development of “lonjas” has been summarized. Next, the role of these places in relation with the process to become an adult has been analysed. A perusal of the documentation has been carried out as well as interviews with educators and youngsters in Galdakao. On this basis, strengths and weaknesses of the socio-educational intervention that is being carried out in Galdakao have been identified and thus addressed in this paper. This investigations shows that they meet some of the needs of these youngsters, such as having their own meeting point or sharing experiences with their friends. Bearing all this in mind, these have become places where the intervention with adolescents and youngsters may be and should be done.","Lan honek Galdakaoko lonjetan parte hartzen duten gazteengan lonjek duten eraginari heltzen dio. Hasiera batean lonjen fenomenoaren ibilbide historikoa laburbildu da. Jarraian lonjek gaztarotik helduarorako trantsizioan duten rolaren azterketa egin da. Dokumentazioaren irakurketa sakona eta gazteei zein hezitzaileei egindako elkarrizketen analisia egin da. Horietatik abiatuz Galdakaon martxan dagoen esku hartze sozio-hezitzailearen indarguneak eta ahulguneak identifikatu dira, hauek lan honetan analisatuz. Azterketa honetatik ondorioztatzen da Galdakaoko gazteriaren artean lonjak haien beharrizan batzuk asetzeko bidea direla, hala nola, leku propioa izatekoa edota lagunekin bizipenak elkarbanatzekoa. Hau guztia kontuan izanik, lonjetan hezitzaileek nerabe eta gazteekin esku hartze sozio-hezitzailea egiteko aukera eta beharra ere sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14739,2015-03-12,"The Royal Decree 1254/1999 forces the industry that works with chemical substances that are considered dangerous to produce a risk analysis. These substances can cause serious accidents which can produce consequences outside the industry (toxic cloud, explosion, fire, radiation, etc.). Thanks to this analysis, there are programed self-protection plans and policies for preventing major accident and the management of the security systems. It is examined a case where methanol is stored. A risk analysis is made and the consequences due to accidents with methanol are calculated.","1254/1999 errege dekretuak sustantzia arriskutsuekin lan egiten duten industriei arriskuen azterketa egitera behartzen die. Sustantzia hauek istripu larriak sor ditzakete non ondorioak kanpoaldean eragin dezaketen (hodei toxikoa, leherketa, sute, erradiazio, etab.). Azterketa honi esker, autobabes planak eta istripu larrien prebentzio politikak eta segurtasunaren kudeaketa sistemak antolatzen dira. Metanola biltegiratzen duen planta baten analisia egiten da eta metanolak parte hartzen duen istripuen ondorioak kalkulatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23285,2017-07,"This project consists of the design, implementation and deployment of software that can process data samples generated by devices in real time to elaborate predictions based on machine learning algorithms. These samples belong to a classification problem and are subject to a phenomenon called concept drift, which implies that the pattern that was learnt to classify the samples may change over time. The learning software must be able to consider such change by detecting it and adapting to it. In addition, the project is set in a Big Data scenario, where the amount of information to be processed is enormous. Therefore, the program must be implemented in a specialized platform that can be deployed in a highly scalable computing cluster, to process the data in real time using the resources available in its entirety.","Hurrengo proiektua denbora errealean gailu elektronikoen bidez sortutako datu erakusgarriak prozesatu ditzakeen software-aren diseinu, inplementazio eta hedatzean datza, makina ikaskuntzako algoritmotan oinarritutako iragarpenak lantzeko helburuarekin. Erakusgai hauek klasifikazio arazo bati erantzuten diote eta deribazio kontzeptuko izendatutako fenomeno bati lotuta daude. Honen ondorioz, klasifikazioa egiteko erabiltzen den patroia aldaketak izaten ditu denbora pasa ahala. Ikaskuntza software-a aipatutako aldaketak kontuan hartzeko gai izan behar da, hau antzematen eta beren arabera egoitzen. Bestalde, proiektua Big Data jokaleku baten barne hartzen da, prozesatu beharreko informazio kantitatea egundokoa denean. Horregatik, programa berezitutako plataforma batean inplementatu beharko da, non eskalabilizazio handiko konputazio cluster batean egikaritu daiteke datuak denbora errealean prozesatzeko, erabiltzeko moduan dauden baliabide osotasuna aprobetxatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68830,2024-07-09,"Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and specifically Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing method used with some metals that enables to obtain parts with very complex geometries. One of the major problems faced by this method is the post-processing that must be carried out both to improve surface quality (roughness) and to ensure good metallic properties (porosity, mechanical strength...). In particular, one of the problems that most affects the quality obtained directly from these parts is the adhesion of metal powder in the lower areas of the part (downskin). These regions are in direct contact with metal powder that should not be fused but ends up adhering to the part due to the heat of the laser of upper layers. Throughout this work, it is intended to improve the quality of the downskin surfaces by modifying the parameters involved in the process.","Hauts-ohantze bidezko fusioa (PBF, ingelesezko siglengatik, Powder Bed Fusion), eta zehazki laser bidezko fusio selektiboa (LPBF, Laser Powder Bed Fusion), metal batzuekin erabiltzen den fabrikazio gehigarriko metodo bat da, geometria oso konplexuak dituzten piezak lortzea ahalbidetzen duena. Metodo honek aurre egin beharreko arazo handienetako bat post-prozesatua da, bai gainazal-kalitatea hobetzeko (zimurtasuna), bai propietate metaliko onak ziurtatzeko (porositatea, erresistentzia mekanikoa...). Zehazki, pieza horietatik zuzenean lortutako kalitateari gehien eragiten dion arazoetako bat piezaren beheko aldeetan hauts metalikoa itsastea da (downskin). Eskualde horiek kontaktu zuzena dute fusionatu behar ez den hauts metalikoarekin, baina piezari itsasten zaio goiko geruzetako laserraren beroaren ondorioz. Lan honetan, downskin-eko gainazalen kalitatea hobetu nahi da, prozesuan parte hartzen duten parametroak aldatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70327,2020,"This paper analyses the mediating role of Julia, one of the main characters in Ramon Saizarbitoria’s novel Martutene (2012). Julia is a translator and we will make visible here her concerns and fatigues as she feels the need to be faithful to the text and the author she is translating, his sentimental companion Martin. We will also interpret Julia’s mediation within her family, as far as she reflects on the transmission of the memory to his son. Here again, Julia is concerned with the loyalty to the past, and thinks about the burden this may place on descendants. We will conclude that, by problematizing the image of the faithful mediator and from a critical point of view, the mother and translator proposes omissions and repositioning as ways of transmission.","Saizarbitoriaren Martutene (2012) eleberriko Julia protagonistaren bitartekaritza-rola dugu aztergai. Itzultzailea da, eta Martin bikotekide idazleari eta haren testuari leial izan beharrez sortzen zaizkion kezkei eta nekeei erreparatuko diegu. Zubi-lan horrekin bat interpretatuko dugu Juliak familian egiten duen bitartekaritza: memorien transmisioari buruz gogoetatzen du, semea bitarteko. Kasu horretan ere, iraganarekiko leialtasuna eta horrek ondorengoei eragin diezaiekeen zama izango ditu Juliak gogoetagai. Ondorioztatuko dugu bitartekari leialaren irudia problematizatuaz, ezabatzeak eta birkokatzeak proposatzen dituela ama itzultzaileak transmisio-bide gisa, ikuspegi kritiko batetik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17661,2016-03-16,"This work aims to observe and investigate the importance of the academic self-concept among children cursing the 3rd grade of primary school. The objetive is for children to get to know themselves, their identities and to respect other´s opinions. Furthermore, it is required to show how important the efford is in this educational system as well as in a social aspect. The results presents some changes, especially, in the academic sel-concept.","Lan honek hirugarren mailako neska-mutilengan autoezagutza akademikoak duen garrantzia behatu eta ikertu nahi du. Helburu bezala, ikasleak bere burua ezagutu, norberaren nortasuna garatzeko oinarrizkoa dena, eta inguruan dituzten pertsonen iritziak errespetatzea planteatu da. Gainera, esfortzuak prozesu honetan ez ezik, hezkuntza sisteman zein aspektu sozialean duen garrantzia ere erakutsi nahi da. Emaitzek aldaketa batzuk adierazten dituzte, batez ere, autoezagutza akademikoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28309,2013,"The aim of the article is the analysis of the pre-industrial and industrial heritage located on the Tormes river banks around the city of Salamanca. The archaeological analysis focuses on the buildings and the hydraulic technology which used the water as source of energy and the utilization of the latter to grind cereals. These productions have their origins in medieval times and were used until just half a century ago on both shores of the Tormes river in the sites called “aceña del Arrabal”, “aceña de San Jerónimo”, and “El Sur”, a flour factory. All of them constitute a ‘Cultural Space’ in which the water acts as the protagonist. Moreover, this analysis of the material heritage is completed with the study of the immaterial or intangible heritage or ‘social agencies’ memory. Finally, it is intended to think about our Cultural heritage; its sense and its valuation by the urban society and its local Administration.","Artikulu honen helburua Tormes ibaia Salamanca hiritik pasatzean bere ibaiertzetan aurkitutako industriaurreko eta industrial ondarea aztertzea da. Ikerketa arkeologikoaren puntu nagusia ura energi iturritzat erabilita zereala ehotzeko baliatutako eraikin eta teknologia hidraulikoa dira. Produkzio hauek Erdi Arotik hasita orain dela mende erdira arte erabili izan dira Tormes-eko ibaiertz bietan, “aceña del Arrabal”, “la aceña de San Jerónimo” eta “El Sur” irin fabrika, izeneko lekuetan. Guzti hauek ura elementu nagusitzat duen Paisai Kulturala eratzen dute. Gainera, ondare material honen ikerketa ondare immaterial edo ukiezinarekin osatzen da, hau da, bere agente sozialen oroitzapenarekin. Azkenik, gure ondare kulturalaren inguruko hausnarketa proposatzen da, egungo Salamancako biztanleriak eta toki-administrazioak nola ulertzen eta baloratzen duen aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23325,2017-09,"In this End-of-Grade Study the energy and exergy analysis of an experimental micro-CHP plant of the Laboratory of Quality Control in Building (LCCE) is studied. Due to the good profitability and efficiency of these equipments in the residential sector, it is of great interest to study the actual operation of this technology. This work explains the operation of the plant, starting with the description of the equipment that comprises. Next, it is detailed how each operation section works, explaining the characteristics of each state. Once the starting data and the controls of the plant are defined, it is simulated in the Trnsys program 17, which is used to obtain the results for the analysis. In the same installation, different modifications are made, where for each one its respective simulation will be done so that the different results can be compared and can be evaluated which of the possible situations is the most efficient both energetically and exergetically. The exergy analysis is of great importance, since the latter is a key tool for the search of solutions to reduce the unnecessary use of fuels, achieving consequently the reduction of the environmental impacts.","Gradu amaierako Lan honetan, Eraikuntzan Laborategiko Kalitate Kontrolaren (LCCE) mikro-CHP esperimental instalazio baten energia eta exergia analisia aztertzen da. Ekipamendu hauen bizitegi-gunean izandako errentagarritasun eta eraginkortasun ona dela eta, teknologia honen funtzionamendua aztertzea interesgarri handikoa da. Lan honetan, instalazioaren funtzionamendua azaltzen da, lehenengo eta behin instalazioa sortzen duen tresneriaren deskribapen zehatza egiten da. Ondoren, egoera bakoitzaren ezaugarriak azalduz, operazio irla bakoitzaren funtzionamendua zehazten da. Instalazio kontrolak eta hasierako datuak mugatu eta gero, Trnsys 17 programan simulatzen da, honen bidez aztertzeko emaitzak lortuko dira. Instalazio beran, aldaketa desberdinak egingo dira, bakoitzari simulazio espezifikoa egingo zaio, lortutako emaitza desberdinak kompara dezagun eta horrela emaitzik errentagarriena ikus dezagun. Analisi exergetikoa garrantzi handikoa da, azken hau erregai erabilpen ez-beharrezkoa murrizteko emaitzak ikertzeko erreminta nagusia delako, ondorioz ingurune-inpaktua murriztea lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17621,2016-03-15,"Defining kids as antagonistic subjects of the capitalism, this work has like a starting point the merger between the school and the capitalism. Being the school necessary for the reproduction and accumulation of the capitalism, it will be analyzed from two central concepts. On the one hand, from the architectonic configuration of the capitalism. On the other hand, from the hegemonic transmission of the values, customs and capitalism forms of relations. Taking these two central concepts as a basis, the object of study of this work is the Bizi Toki project which is building a post-capitalist society. For it, it has been used a qualitative methodology: half organized interviews, observations and documents analysis.","Haurra kapitalismoaren subjektu antagoniko gisa definituz, kapitalismoa eta eskolaren arteko lotura du abiapuntu gisa lan honek. Kapitalismoaren birprodukzio eta metaketarako beharrezkoa den eskola bi ikuspegitik aztertzen da. Alde batetik, kapitalismoaren osaketa arkitektonikotik. Bestetik, kapitalismoaren balore, ohitura eta erlazionatzeko forma hegemonikoen transmisiotik. Bi ildo teoriko horietan oinarrituta, ikerketa lan honen objektu nagusia zera da, jendarte post-kapitalista eraikitzen ari den Bizi Toki proiektua. Horretarako metodologia kualitatiboa erabili dugu; elkarrizketa erdi egituratua, behaketa eta dokumentuen analisia hain zuzen ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36825,2019-12-12,"This document analyses and designs themachining process of a wheel hub. It is a part that forms part of the mobile system of the wheels of a car. It is considered of vital importance in the safety of people, so its design and manufacture must be carried out scrupulously.Throughout the project, the process to which the piece must be subjected will be exposed and commented, from the preform state to the mechanization of all the stages. All the requirements necessary to carry it out will be discussed, and a solution will be proposed that addresses all the problems that may arise. The hub connection system will also be dynamically justified.Based on the above considerations, the process sheet is carried out. It is built on the premise of minimum time, with the aim of achieving the highest possible level of productivity. In order to determine it, the help of an online software has been required, which has allowed us to specify precisely the machining data and the examples of inserts and tool holders to be used in each phase.","Dokumentu honetan gurpil zulobaten mekanizazio prozesua aztertzen eta diseinatzen da. Auto baten gurpilen sistema mugikorraren zati bat da. Pertsonen segurtasunerako ezinbestekoa da. Beraz, diseinua eta fabrikazioa kontu handiz egin behar dira.Proiektuan zehar, pieza aurre egin behar dion prozesuari eta fase guztiei buruz eztabaidatuko da. Beharrezko baldintza guztiak eztabaidatuko dira, gauzatzeko eta sor daitezkeen arazo guztiei irtenbide bat proposatzeko helburuarekin. Bozearen akoplamenduen sistema ikuspuntu dinamikotik justifikatuta egongo da.Aurreko kontuetatik abiatuta, prozesuaren orria burutzen da. Denbora gutxieneko premisa oinarritzen da, ahalik eta produktibitate maila maximoa lortzeko. Bere determinazioarengatik, lineako softwarearen laguntza behar izan da. Horren bidez, zehatz-mehatz zehaztu ahal izan ditugu mekanizazio datuak ettxertatzeko eta erreminta euskarrien adibideak fase bakoitzean erabiltzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37105,2019-12-19,"Digital twins are one of the components belonging to the so-called Industry 4.0, which are nothing but virtual replicas of processes that simulate the behaviour of the original system. The main objectives of this project were not only to model the digital twin of the FMS-201 station, but also to analyse, simulate and control the errors injected in it. In order to achieve this aim, the methodology used for the identification and characterization of the errors is presented in this report, as well as the one employed for the detection and resolution of such errors. Moreover, the execution of the digital twin itself is detailed, describing step by step the modelling and the logic introduced. Lastly, it is shown that the project achieves the objectives stated above, thus being allowed its feasible implementation in the industry. Therefore, the use of this technologies will permit to shorten the deadline of the launching process, turning out into a reduction of the associated costs.","Biki digitalak 4.0 Industria delakoaren osagarrietako bat dira, jatorrizko sistema baten portaera simulatzen duten prozesuen erreplika birtualak. Proiektu honen helburu nagusiak honakoak ziren: FMS-201 estazioaren biki digital baten eredua burutzea, bai eta modelo horretan injektatutako akatsen analisia, simulazioa eta kontrola. Horretarako, idazkian adierazten da bai akatsen identifikazio eta ezaugarritzea zein berauen hautemate eta ebazpenerako jarraitutako metodologia. Halaber, biki digitalaren gauzapena zehaztatzen da, pausoz pauso deskribatuz bertan barruratutako eredu-egitea eta logika. Azkenik, baieztatzen da proiektuak hasieran ezarritako helburuak betetzen dituela, bere industriarako aplikazioa ahalbidetu lezakeelarik. Gainera, teknologia mota hauen balizko inplementatzeak abiarazpen-prozesuaren epeak laburtuko ditu; horrenbestez, berari lotutako kostuak murriztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31769,2019-02-28,"The main objective of this work has been to analyse deeply the reality of the playground, focusing on the relationships, attitudes, activities and uses of that space. Those aspects have been investigated in a school by taking a group of 40 students of the second course, 49 students of the sixth course and 21 teachers. The work has revealed that the children of the two courses use more space than girls. In addition, activities tend to be segregated and each gender usually participates in different activities. Teachers have been aware of the reality of the playground, but so far they have not intervened in playtime in a meaningful way. Playground should be a space to practice coeducation, where there is not an androcentric focus of the playground and where conscience and implication of all educative community is ensured.","Ikerketa honetan jolastokiko errealitatea goitik behera aztertzea izan dugu helburu, espazioa eta espazioaren erabilera, jarduerak, harremanak eta jarrerak aztertuz. Bereziki, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikastetxe jakin bateko bi talde izan ditugu aztergai. Alde batetik, 2. mailako ikasleak 40 eta 6. mailako ikasleak 49 eta bestetik, irakasleak 21. Lanak argi utzi du, bi mailetako mutilek espazioa gehiago erabiltzen dutela neskek baino. Era berean, jarduerak orokorrean segregatuak izan ohi dira, eta genero bakoitzak joko edota kirol ezberdinetan aritzen dira. Irakasleak egoeraren jabe direla agertu diren arren, ez dute inolako interbentzio esanguratsurik egin gaur egun arte. Jolastokian hezkidetza praktikatu beharra dago, espazioaren androzentrismoan moldaketak eginez, zein hezkuntza komunitatea osatzen duten eragile guztien kontzientzia eta inplikazioa lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28306,2013,"“Summer excavations” are a fundamental component of archaeological training. However, Spanish University programmes focus on theoretical aspects of Archaeology and leave practical issues and fieldwork methodologies aside. Thus, several generations of archaeologists have solved these educational shortfalls working as volunteers in University-led excavations during summer. This paper reflects on the influence these experiences have for the undergraduate students in the reproduction and naturalization of certain values which contribute to the overall idea of what being an archaeologist means. This paper argues that this could have a great influence in the little labour and social claims put forward by Commercial Archaeology workers. In fact, this productive sector is characterized by labour market deregulation, precarious work and a high rate of temporal employment.","“Uda indusketak” garrantzi handikoak dira trebakuntza arkeologikoan. Haatik, Espainiar estatuko unibertsitate ikasketa planak aspektu teorikoetan oinarrituta daude eta ondorioz, landa lan arkeologikoaren alde praktiko eta metodologikoak txikiagotzen dira. Hortaz, hainbat arkeologo belaunaldi abezi hauek gainditu dituzte unibertsitateek eta ikerkuntza erakunde publikoek antolatutako udako indusketen bidez. Lan honetan, hasierako indusketa hauen bizipenek ikasle unibertsitarioengan duten eraginaren inguruan hausnartuko da, zehazki, arkeologoa izatearen ideiari atxikitutako zenbait balioen erreprodukzio eta naturalizazioan. Hau, Arkeologia komertzialaren testuinguruan langileen aldarrikapen soziolaboralak ahulak izatearen arrazoia izan daitekeela proposatzen da. Izan ere, sektore ekonomiko honen ezaugarriak dira erregulazioa eza, ezegonkortasuna eta behin-behinekotasun handia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31771,2019-02-28,"Throughout the history the need of communication from the human has been notorious. Leading the society to believe someone’s own world and the personal view of it, is a human need often forgotten in the Formal Education. This project wanted to show the situation of the communicative competence development in education and the advantages of using arts to put it into practice. After analysing the information about both topics, I wanted to demonstrate the usefulness of arts to develop the individual expression through a didactic intervention. This design was done after observing an Elementary School class, identifying their needs, adapting the content and suggesting art activities to fulfil the purpose mentioned before.","Adierazteko beharra nabaria izan da historia osoan zehar, norberaren mundua eta bakoitzaren kanpoaldearen interpretazio bakarra adierazteak, gizaki ororen beharrizan bat da askotan ahaztuta gelditzen dena Hezkuntza Formalean. Lan honen bitartez, komunikazio gaitasun indibidualaren garapenak hezkuntzan duen egoera eta hau artearen bitartez lantzeko abantailak ezagutu nahi izan dira. Gai biei buruzko informazioa aztertu ostean, artea adierazpena lantzeko baliabide ona izan zezakeela erakutsi nahi zen esku-hartze batekin. Hau aurrera eramateko, Lehen Hezkuntzako talde bat behatu, esku-hartzea diseinatu eta garatu, eta helburuei lotutako emaitzak jaso izan dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25469,1998,"After explaining briefly the constitutionalization process of the the foreignness, the administrative and legal limitations that the european constitutional frame suffers in this matter through the ordinary legislation of each State are mentioned. Likewise, the immigrant’s image in the medium is anayized, and some reflections about the controls and instrumental barriers of the immigration are expounded, as well as the Groups of Trevi and Schengen.","Atzerritar konstituzionalizatze prozesua azaldu ondoren, europear koadro konstituzionalak estatu bakoitzeko legepideen bidez, gai honetan jasan dituen arau baldintzak eta administratiboak azaltzen dira. Horrez gain, inmigrantearen irudia aztertzen da, inmigrazioaren barrera instrumental eta kontrolei buruz hitzeginez amaitzeko, trevi taldea eta Schengen-ei erreferentzia eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63105,2023-06-07,"The compatibility between Law & Literature will be analysed, focusing the research on which is one of the greatest expressions of contemporary Basque literature, Iazko Hezurrak. To this end, in addition to the history, theory and dialectic of the iusphilosophical Law & Literature movement, the shortcoruings of the Spanish legal system and its legal operators will be identified aiming to draw conclusions on the possible fertility of literature in order to satisfy them.","Zuzenbidearen eta Literaturaren arteko bateragarritasuna aztertuko da, ikerketa euskal literatura garaikidearen adierazpide gorenetakoa den Iazko Hezurrak eleberriaren baitan ardaztuz. Horretarako(Law & Literature korronte iusfilosofikoaren historia, teoria eta dialektikaz gain, : ordenamendu juridiko espainiarraren eta haren operadore juridikoen gabeziak identifikatuko dira, haiek ase bidean literaturaren balizko emankortasunaren inguruko ondorioak ateratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68447,2024-06-14,"In this work, we analyze the evolution of the average hourly salary of native workers in Spain for the period 2002-2018. In the descriptive part, we summarize the information related to the salaries in Spain, concentrating on the analysis of the wages and the wage gap between female and male workers. In this part, the location of immigrants in the different autonomous communities and their origin is also discussed. Moreover, as analyzed in later sections, these factors may have an effect on the Spanish wages. The data for our analysis corresponds to the “The Quadrennial Salary Structure Survey”, which is available at the Spanish National Institute of Statistics (INE) website (https://www.ine.es). This is a survey carried out every four years in Spain and, for this specific study, the surveys for the years 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018 were analyzed. In the empirical part, we have motivated and defined specific pseudo-panels and propose a multiple linear regression method approach corrected for the possible heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation that may be present in the data. Our conclusions support the fact that the average hourly salary for Spanish workers varies depending on the gender of the worker as well as on the level of studies and working experience that the specific worker may have.","Lan honetan, Espainiako bertako langileen orduko batez besteko soldataren bilakaera aztertzen dugu 2002-2018 aldirako. Deskribapen-zatian, Espainiako soldatei buruzko informazioa laburbiltzen dugu, baita soldaten bilakaera eta gizonen eta emakumeen arteko soldata-arrakala ere. Zati honetan, etorkinak zein autonomia-erkidegotan dauden eta horien jatorria ere aztertzen da. Bi aldagaiek eragina izan dezakete espainiarren soldatetan. Lan honetarako datuak ateratzeko erabili den datu-basea ""Soldata-egituraren lau urteko inkesta"" da, Estatistikako Institutu Nazionalean (INE) eskuragarri dagoena (https://www.ine.es). Espainian lau urtean behin egiten den inkesta da, eta, azterlan honetarako, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 eta 2018. urteetako inkestak aztertu ditugu. Alderdi enpirikoan, pseudo-panel espezifikoak definitu ditugu, eta erregresio lineal multipleko eredu bat proposatzen dugu, datuetan egon daitekeen heteroszedastizitate eta autokorrelazio posibleak zuzenduta. Gure ondorioek bermatzen dute Espainiako langileen orduko batez besteko soldata aldatu egiten dela langilearen generoaren, ikasketa-mailaren eta lan-esperientziaren arabera" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19358,2016-10-24,"In this document, the possibility of installing a cogeneration system that produces both thermal and electric energy in a sports center with heated pools as one of the biggest thermal requirements will be exposed. Nowadays there is a special concern about energetic efficiency and reduction of fossil fuels consumption, all directly related with preserving the environment and particularly the ozone layer. This is one of the main reasons to focus our work in developing new ways or systems to generate energy more efficiently; the other important reason is obviously the economic savings that these systems provide to the consumers, in this case the local government that operates the sports center. The main goal of this project is to determine the viability in both technical and economic terms of such installation, analyzing for that the electric and fuel consumption before and after installing it, so we can conclude if it is actually an improvement to generate electricity and use the residual heat produced in the process to satisfy the thermal requirements of the facility. First of all, it will be necessary to calculate all the requirements both thermal and electrical, of the sports center, so we can later quantify the economic benefits of our cogeneration system in comparison with the cost of the initial situation. Then, the cogeneration system will be dimensioned, determining its main characteristics and components, in order to be able to satisfy the previously calculated needs.","Dokumentu honetan elektrizitatea eta beroa sortzen duen kogenerazio sistema bat instalatzeko ahalera aztertuko da. Sistema hau bi igerileku klimazitatu osatzen duten polikiroldegi batean kokatuko da. Gaur egun erregai fosilen murrizketa eta efizientzi energetikoen hobekuntza kezka handi bat da. Kezka honen oinarria ingurumenaren zainketa da, zehazki ozono geruzarena. Arrazoi hauek sistema berrien garapenari edo energia sorkuntzaren efizientziaren hobekuntzari bultzatzen gaituzte. Beste arrazoi garrantzitsu bat, instalazioaren energia aurrezkia da, kasu honetan polikiroldegia gestionatzen duen bertako gobernuari. Proiektu onen objektiboa instalazioaren aldakortasun teknikoa eta ekonomikoa zehaztea da. Horretarako hasierako datu elektrikoak eta erregaiaren kontsumoa eta kogenerazio sistema instalatutako ondorengo datuak analizatzen dira. Modu honetan elektrizitate produkzioak eta bero erabilerak beharri termikoen erantzuteko ahalera hobetzen duten konfirma dezakegu. Lehenengo polikiroldegiaren eskari termikoak eta elektrikoak kalkulatu behar dira. Datu hauekin kogenerazio sistemak eskaintzen duen hobekuntzak aztertu daitezke. Ondoren, kogenerazio sistema zehaztuko da. Bertako ezaugarriak kalkulatuko dira eta instalazioa osatzen duten ekipoen analisia egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19693,2016-12-01,"The project consists on designing a hinge pin (bolt) as part of the suspension of a military vehicle, being as light and cheap as possible and able to support the stresses that the piece is subjected to. Initially, the different materials and manufacturing processes for the bolt are studied. Later, and after choosing the best alternative, we proceed to design the geometry of the bolt using a computer assisted design program (AutoCAD). Then, it is carried out the simulation of the bolt using a finite element program (QForm), in order to verify the validity of the design. In this process, parameters of the workpiece, such as the distribution of stress or temperature, are analyzed. Finally, and if necessary, the parameters and tools needed for the final machining of the workpiece are calculated.","Proiektu hau buloi bat diseinatzean datza, ibilgailu militar baten esekiduran dagoen errotula baten parte delarik. Buloia ahalik eta merkeagoa eta arinagoa izan behar da, eta baita buloiak dituen zama eskaerak jasateko gai ere. Lehenik eta behin, buloia fabrikatzeko eskuragarri dauden material eta fabrikazio prozesu batzuk aztertuko dira. Ondoren, eta aukerarik egokiena hautatu eta gero, buloiaren geometria diseinatzen da, ordenagailuz lagunduriko diseinu bidezko programa (AutoCAD) baten bidez. Geroago, elementu finituen programa (QForm) batekin, buloiaren simulazioa burutzen da, diseinuaren baliotasuna egiaztatzeko, piezaren tentsio eta tenperatura banaketa bezalako parametroak aztertuz. Azkenik, eta beharrezkoa izanez gero, azkeneko mekanizazioan beharrezkoak diren parametroak eta erramintak edo tresnak kalkulatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25552,1996,"Medical-forensic evaluation of mental disorders is a type of expert's work, understanding this one as an oral or written report that the expert makes in order to provide knowledge or means to the judge to understand some juridical question and, in this way, to find out the scientific truth. Psychiatric expert's work shares characteristics and limitations of the other experts' works, even though the truth to be discovered is much more relative than others.","Buruko gaixotasunaren mediku-forense baloraketak peritaje mota bat da, kontutan hartuz peritajea perituak egiten duen ahozko edota idatzitako txostena dela, epaileari zuzenbidezko arazoak argitzeko ezaguerak ematen dituenak, eta, horrela, zientzi-egia aurkitzea. Perizia psikoatrikoak besteentzako ezaugarri eta mugapenak erkidetzen ditu, nahiz eta aurkitzeko egia beste espezialitate medikuetan baino askoz erlatiboago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23430,2017-11-10,"Copper cable has been replaced by optical fiber in many telecommunications systems due to its improvements, such a greater transmission throughput and the capability to avoid electromagnetic interferences. Furthermore, there is a technique which offers the possibility of combining several light signals in a single fiber called Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). In this way, information coming from different sources can be carried without interferences between them. In summary, using this technique the bit rate that of a single fiber is multiplied. In this document a 3-channel optical system over plastic optical fiber (POF) is proposed, which uses WDM. A low-cost design has been designed and manufactured with 3 LED sources emitting in the visible spectrum at 470 nm (blue), 530 nm (green) and 650 nm (red). Two couplers are added to join 3 input signals in a single fiber (multiplexing) and to divide them in three branches before reaching the receiver (demultiplexing). These kind of couplers cannot separate each signal in a different fiber so some kind of filtering is required for this issue. Photodetectors are used as receivers, as they transform the received light signal in an electrical one. Experimental works have probed that using low cost thin film colour filters, the provided system is able to transport 3 different light input signals without any type of electromagnetic interference. The received signals have a low voltage level, but they can be recovered using electrical amplifiers","Telekomunikazio sistema askotan kobrezko kable tradizionalak zuntz optikoen ordez aldatu dira, batez ere euren transmisio ahalmen handiagatik eta interferentzia elektromagnetikoen aurkako babesengatik. Bere ezaugarriei errendimendu gehiago ateratzeko WDM (Wavelength Division Multiplexing) izeneko teknika garatu da, zuntz bakarrean seinale bat baino gehiago eramateko aukera ematen duenak. Horrela, iturri ezberdinetatik datozen seinaleak batera transmititu daitezke euren artean inolako interferentzia elektromagnetikoak sortu gabe. Honek esan nahi du zuntz batean eraman daitekeen bit- tasa biderkatzea posiblea dela. Dokumentu honetan proposatzen den sistemak hiru seinale optikoa transmititzen ditu plastikozko zuntz optiko (POF) bakarrean WDM teknika erabiliz. Igorle bezala hiru LED erabili dira, 470 nm, 530 nm eta 650 nm-ko uhin luzeran emititzen dutenak. Akopladore bat erabili da hiru seinaleak zuntz bakarrean batzeko, eta beste bat sistemaren beste muturrean berriro banatzeko hartzaileengana iritsi baino lehen. Akopladore hauek ez dute seinale bakoitza bide batetik bidaltzen, horren ordez seinalea hainbat zatitan banatzen ditu kolore guztiak nahasita. Horregatik iragazkiak behar dira, hartzaile bakoitzean seinale bakarra pasatu ahal izateko beste guztiak blokeatzen. Seinale optikoa elektriko bihurtzeko fotodetektoreak erabiltzen dira iragazkiak eta gero. Iragazki gisa koloreetako lamina gardenak erabiliz, erakutsi daiteke kostu txikiko sistema honek hiru seinale ezberdin eraman ditzakela interferentziarik gabe. Hartzaileen etapan lortzen diren seinaleek korronte maila txikia badaukate ere, arazo hau anplifikazio elektrikoekin konpondu daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25465,1998,"The results of a study about the strategies and techniques that Municipal Police (Schutzpolizei) uses to solve conflicts, known through telephone calls at Bonn, are explained. The confronted parts and the different types of conflicts are analysed, and the diverse behaviours of the agents that intervene in these situations are exmined, as well as the cases in which they must work and the methods they have to follow.","Bonneko (Alemania) Udaltzaingoak (Schutzpolizei) telefono deien bidez jasotzen dituen arazoak konpontzeko erabiltzen dituen estrategi eta tekniken emaitzak ikaslan batean azaltzen dira. Aurkako aldeak eta arazo mota desberdinak aztertuz gain, arazo hauek konpontzeko parte hartzen duten funtzionarien jokabidea ikertzen da, baita ere kasu ezberdinak eta poliziak jarraitu behar duten prozedura." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18650,2016-07-18,"Real-time systems (e.g., based on Real-Time Linux) face the same development challenges as traditional software: shrinking budgets and shorter timeframes. In addition, these systems can be even more difficult to successfully develop due to additional requirements for safety, reliability, minimal resource use, and, in some cases, the need to support rigorous industry, e.g., railway standards. In this sector, train control and monitoring systems (TCMS) are an innovative method of operating trains. COSMOS is a train control and monitoring system from CAF Power & Automation (technological subsidiary of the CAF group). This company is interested in providing features of real-time to two important parts of TCMS COSMOS: HMI (human-machine interface) and the sDIAG (central train diagnostic unit). As well, the project raises the possibility to optimize the operating systems of these equipments. Finally, all these potential improvements are validated in test bench before put into the series.","Denbora errealeko sistemek (esaterako, denbora errealeko Linux-ean oinarritzen direnek) ohiko software-ak gainditu beharreko erronka berberak gainditu behar dituzte: aurrekontuak gero eta gehiago murrizten dira eta garapen-denbora gero eta motzagoa da. Baina horrez gain, halako sistemak garatzea konplikatua izan daiteke hainbat baldintza direla eta, hala nola segurtasuna, fidagarritasuna, baliabideen erabilera minimoa eta abar. Zenbait kasutan, gainera, industria arloko arau zorrotzak bete behar dira, eta hala gertatzen da trenbide arloko industrian. Arlo horretan, trenetan eragiteko metodo berritzailetzat hartzen dira egungo kontrol- eta monitorizazio-sistemak (TCMS sistemak ingelesez). COSMOS sistema TCMS sistema bat da, CAF Power & Automation enpresak garatutakoa (CAF taldearen eskumendeko enpresa teknologikoa). Enpresak denbora errealeko ezaugarriak gehitu nahi dizkie COSMOS sistemaren bi osagai garrantzitsuenei: HMI (giza-makina interfazea) eta sDIAG (trenaren diagnostiko-unitate zentrala) osagaiei. Horrekin batera, planteatzen duen proiektuak bi ekipo horien sistema eragilea optimizatzeko aukera ematen du. Balizko hobekuntza horiek guztiak saiakuntza-banku batean egiaztatu behar dira produkziora eraman baino lehen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37122,2019-12-19,"Throughout the current project it has been tried to push up the value of the winery waste of fermentation (stalk, pomace and lees) in a familiar small cellar located within the Designation Qualified Origin Rioja through anaerobic digestion. For that, starting at the initial characteristics of the residues and their discontinuous generation over time, it’s established firstly the optimal mixture of these ones and next the processes of pretreatment, in which the amount of additives and their way of aggregation are fixed, that let adjust the pH, alkalinity and nutrients values and give rise to an appropriate substrate for the requirements of the anaerobic digestion. Subsequently, the specifications of the anaerobic digestor which include their sizing, the operation parameters, the way of stirring and the system of substrate heating are planned, as far as the parameters and the equipments selected for the carrying the monitoring out and the control of the anaerobic digestion. The result of an optimal development of the digestion process let obtain a gaseous combustible, named biogas, rich in CH4, which once being purified to biomethane by means of humidity and CO2 removal, allowed to reduce the electric expenses in the cellar up to 86 %. Besides, it has been able to get a solid-liquid subproduct, named digestate, with a high fertilizing value that after a process of aerobic digestion, or composting, it is allocated as a contribution of nutrients and improvement of the soil of the vineyards of the wine cellar themselves.","Proiektu honen bidez Errioxa jatorri-deitura kalifikatuan kokatuta dagoen tamainu ertaineko upeltegi bateko ardogintzan sortutako hondakinen (raspoia, liak eta patsa) balioa handitzea bilatzen da. Horretarako, hondakinen hasierako ezaugarrietatik eta beraien sorketa ez-jaraitutik abiatuta, nahaste optimoa aukeratzen da eta ondorengo aurretratamenduak ezartzen dira. Azken hauetan gehigarrien kantitatea eta gehiketa-era finkatzen dira, hauek pH, alkalinitate ate elikagarri balioen doitzea baimentzen baitute. Horrela digestio-anaerobio baldintzetarako substratu egokia lortzen da. Ondoren, digestore anaerobioaren espezifikazioak diseinatzen dira, azken hauek barneratzen dituelarik; dimentsionaketa, eragiketa baldintzak, irabiaketa modua eta, digestio anaerobioaren monitorizazioa eta kontrola egiteko parametroen eta ekipamenduaren aukeraketa. Digestio prozesuaren garapen optimoaren emaitzak erregai gaseoso baten lorpena baimentzen du. Erregai gaseoso honek, biogas deitua, CH4-an aberatsa da, eta biometano lortzeko purifikatua denean, hots hezetasuna eta CO2-a kentzen zaionean, upeltegiaren kostu elektrikoak %86-an murriztea baimentzen du. Gainera, azpiproduktu solido-likidoa lortzen da, digeritua deitua eta ongarritze-balio altua duena, zeina digestio aerobio, edo konpostaje, baten ondoren, elikagarri-ekarpen bezala eta upeltegiko mahastien lurzorua hobetzeko erabili daitekeen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59997,2023-02-20,"Although much progress has been made in relation to Specific Language Disorder (SLD), it is still necessary to go deeper into the subject. In order to do so, it is essential that teachers in Primary Education have access to information and resources on the difficulties and needs that pupils with SLD may have. In order to take a step forward on this path, the aim of this work is to offer different guidelines and resources for teachers and families in a space dedicated to training in written language to ensure the well-being of pupils with SLD in the Primary stage. In this process, interviews have been carried out with different education professionals, pupils with SLD have been observed and different bibliographical sources have been searched, among others. Finally, all the information and the different guidelines and resources have been published on the website created.","Hizkuntzaren Nahasmendu Espezifikoaren (HNE) inguruan asko aurreratu den arren, oraindik gaiaren inguruan gehiago sakontzea beharrezkoa da. Horretarako, funtsezkoa da Lehen Hezkuntzako etapako irakasleak, HNE duten ikasleek izan ditzaketen zailtasunen eta beharren inguruko informazioa eta baliabide ezberdinak eskura izatea. Bide horretan aurrerapauso bat eman nahirik, lan honen helburua da Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan HNE duten ikasleen ongizatea bermatzeko eta ikasle horiek hizkuntza idatzian trebatzeko webgune batean irakasleentzako eta familientzako orientabide eta baliabide ezberdinak eskaintzea. Prozesu honetan, hezkuntzako profesional ezberdinei elkarrizketak egin, HNE duten ikasleak behatu eta iturri bibliografiko ezberdinak arakatu dira, besteak beste. Azkenik, informazio guztia eta orientabide eta baliabide ezberdinak sortu den webgunean argitaratu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73269,2025-05-07,"This Master's thesis has been carried out in the APERT research group in collaboration with the company SoC-e. In it, a design of a SpaceWire communication node implemented in NanoXplore technology is carried out. The project focuses on the use of European technology and a RISC-V processor. It starts by presenting the state of the art. Then the hardware is designed, the software is programmed and its operation is verified. Finally, the validation of the node is performed using the test tools indicated for this purpose.","Master amaierako lan hau APERT ikerketa-taldean egin da, SoC-e enpresarekin lankidetzan. Bertan, SpaceWire komunikazio-nodo baten diseinua egiten da NanoXplore teknologian inplementatuta. Proiektuaren ardatza Europako teknologia eta RISC-V prozesadore bat erabiltzea da. Artearen egoera aurkezten hasten da. Ondoren, hardwarea diseinatzen da, softwarea programatzen da eta haren funtzionamendua egiaztatzen da. Azkenik, nodoa baliozkotzen da, horretarako adierazitako test-tresnak erabilita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23352,2017-09,"The aim of this project is the sizing of an air-conditioning system for an office building located in the outskirts of Bilbao. Different alternatives have been analysed and the climate, the building characteristics and the facade typology have been studied in order to select the most suitable system. The air-conditioning system selected is an air-air dual system that ensures comfort conditions for office workers as well as for clients.","Proiektu honen helburua, Bilbo hiriko kanpoaldean kokatzen den eta bulegoetara bideratuko den eraikin baten aire girotu sistema dimentsionatzea da. Alternatiba ezberdinen analisia eta klimatologia, eraikinaren ezaugarriak eta fatxada mota ikertu dira, ezaugarri guzti hauetara ondoen egokitzen zen sistema hautatu ahal izateko. Bulegoetako langileen eta bertaratu daitezkeen bezeroen eraikin barneko konfort egoera bermatzeko, aire-aire sistema bikoitza hautatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75426,2025-11-05,"This Master's Final Thesis focuses on the development of an effective and clear Human-Machine Interface (HMI) for connected vehicles, aiming to improve road safety by transmitting risk situations to the driver in a comprehensible manner and facilitating an appropriate response. The project is part of the work of the CCAM (Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility) group at Tecnalia, within the European Horizon Europe ""Augmented CCAM"" program. The HMI has been designed to address two specific road risk use cases: Use Case 1 ""Nearby occluded pedestrian"" and Use Case 2 ""Approaching emergency vehicle,"" the latter divided into three scenarios. For the design and development of the interface, Unity software is used, using C\# as the programming language for its components. Communication with external agents for the exchange of information on risk situations is carried out through ROS2 (Robot Operating System 2), using a specific library for Unity in C\# (ROS\#). The interface is designed to be placed in the vehicle cluster, integrating multimodal warnings specific for each use case, combining visual and audible signals. Finally, the validation of the HMI was carried out through tests in Tecnalia's driving simulator, using CARLA, and in real environments in Madrid, demonstrating its effectiveness in anticipating risks and increasing user confidence in connected and automated driving systems.","Master Amaierako Lan (MAL) helburua konektatutako ibilgailuentzat Giza eta Makina Interfaze (HMI) eraginkor eta argi bat garatzea da. Horrela bide-segurtasuna hobetu eta gidariari arrisku-egoerak modu ulergarrian transmititu ahal dira. Proiektua Tecnaliako CCAM (Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility) taldeak egiten duen lanaren barruan kokatzen da, ""Augmented CCAM"" Europako Horizonte Europa programaren proiektuaren barruan. HMIa diseinatu da errepideko erabilera arriskutsuko bi kasu espezifiko jorratzeko: 1. erabilera-kasua ""Hurbileko oinezko okluitua"" eta 2. erabilera-kasua ""Larrialdi-ibilgailua hurbiltzen"". Interfazea diseinatzeko eta garatzeko, Unity softwarea erabiltzen da, eta C\# lengoaia erabiltzen da. Arrisku-egoerei buruzko informazioa trukatzeko kanpoko agenteekiko komunikazioa ROS2ren bidez egiten da (Robot Operating System 2). Interfazea ibilgailuaren klusterrean kokatzeko diseinatzen da Unity softwarearen bidez. Erabilera-kasu bakoitzerako berariazko abisu multimodalak integratzen dira, eta ikus-seinaleak eta soinu-seinaleak konbinatzen dira. Azkenik, HMIa balidatu da Tecnaliaren gidatze-simulagailuan (CARLA erabiliz) eta Madrilgo ingurune errealetan egindako proben bidez. Horrela, diseinatutako HMIa arriskuak aurreratzeko eraginkorra dela eta gidatzeko sistema konektatu eta automatizatuetan erabiltzaileak konfiantza handiagoa duela frogatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27581,2018,"The purpose of this final degree project is to motívate the acquisition of statistical knowledge of Primary Education students, thus developing their competences through innovative dynamics adapted to the developments technology offers. This will allow the autonomous learning and adaptable rhythm to the needs of each student. It also aims to be a tool for the Primary Education teachers who want to enrich the learning process of their students in statistics. A website has been created with the purpose of stirring up a significative statistics learning. In order to do it, different topics related to the target students' interests have been used.","Gradu amaierako lan honen xede nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen ezagutza estatistikoak areagotzea da, teknologiak eskaintzen dituen aurrerapenei egokitutako dinamika berritzaileen bitartez gaitasunak garatuko direlarik. Horre la, ikasketa autonomoa garatuko da, ikasle bakoitzaren erritmoa bere beharretara egokitu ahal izango delarik. Halaber, estatistikaren arloan ikasleen ikasketa prozesua aberastu nahi duten Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleentzat baliabide izan nahi du lan honek. Hau guztia lortzeko, estatistikaren ikasketa esanguratsua eragingo duen webgunea sortu da, Lehen Hezkuntzako azken mailetako ikasleen interesekoak izan daitezkeen gaiak proposatu direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67705,2024-05-07,"Given that digital fiction is deeply integrated into the private lives of young people, it is appropriate to include it in educational processes. This research work summarizes the historical trajectory of children's literature and delves into the conceptualization of digital children's literature. Aware of its potential, this study examines the work of researchers who have used this approach with children and conducts a comparative analysis of their results. Based on these foundations, the objective of this research is to propose strategies for effectively integrating digital fiction into educational processes and harnessing its benefits. Keywords: digital children's literature, multimodality, interactivity, active learning.","Fikzio digitala gazteen bizitza pribatuan guztiz barneratuta dagoen kultura-esparrua izanik, egokia da hezkuntza prozesuetan aintzat hartzea. Ikerkuntza-lan honek haur-literaturaren ibilbide historikoa laburtu eta aro digital honetan sortu den kategorizazio berri baten, hots, haur-literatura digitalaren kontzeptualizazioan sakontzen du. Honen potentzialaz jabetuta, haurrekin metodo hau erabili duten ikertzaileen lana eta emaitzen azterketa konparatiboa egin da. Horietan oinarrituz, fikzio digitala hezkuntza-prozesuetan modu eraginkorrean txertatzeko eta honen onurak aprobetxatzeko estrategiak proposatzea da ikerketa-lan honen helburua. Hitz-gakoak: haur-literatura digitala, multimodalitatea, interaktibitatea, ikaskuntza-aktiboa" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19731,2016-12-02,"The following project will discuss the analysis of a heating and DHW production system by thermoeconomics, a discipline that unites thermodynamics and economics. Starting from a thermodynamic data from different places of the system, the analysis will be began in order to determine the components of the system where the greatest losses occur or which ones have the highest cost. In order to the importance of efficiency nowadays, this type of analysis will be useful to optimize a system, because the locations where improvement is possible will be known.","Hurrengo lanak beroketa eta UBS-aren produkzio instalazio baten analisiari buruz jardungo du termokoenomiaz baliatuz, azken hau ekonomia eta termodinamika erlazionatzen dituen disziplina bat izanik. Instalazioaren puntu ezerbedinetako datu termodinamiko batzutatik abiatuz, analisiarekin hasiko da instalazioaren zein osagaik duen galera eta kosterik handienak determinatzeko. Gaur egun efizientziak duen garrantzia dela eta, analisi mota hau baliagarria izango da instalazio bat optimizatzerako orduan, ezagunak izango diralako hobetu daitezkeen osagaiak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13962,2015-01-14,"Non-profit Organizations and also Social Innovation Enterprises are essential in any society because they play an important role in the identification and resolution of social and economic lacks, and they establish themselves, together with Public Institutions, as agents who provide social and economic cohesion in a practical sense, and contribute to the moral advance from an ethical point of view. The financial crisis hit drastically those organizations who has suffered cuts in their funding, especially publics funds. In the current context the open source technologies are helping to the development and survive of small sized organizations with little resources through several tools as Crowdfunding. Anyway, is important to remark that for the consolidation of crowdfunding as a fundraising tool, beyond a temporal phenomenon, is necessary some kind of regulation and control over it.","Irabazi-asmorik gabeko erakundeak eta berrikuntza sozialeko enpresak baita ere oso beharrezkoak dira edozein gizartetan, giza beharrak identifikaziorako eta gabezia sozio-ekonomikoak asetzen dituztelako. Administrazio publikoekin batera, kohesio sozial eta ekonomikorako eragile bihurtzen dira zentzu praktiko batean, eta aurrerapen morala garatzen dute arlo etikoan. Gaurko krisi finantzarioak bere finantzaketa-iturriak drastikoki murriztu ditu, jatorri publikoak gehienak. Kontestu honetan open source teknologiak baliabide gutxiko eta tamaina txikiko erakundeak laguntzen ari dira bere garapen eta biziraupenerako tresna ezberdinak eskainiz, Crowdfunding adibidez. Ez da ahaztu behar, hori bai, Crowdfunding-a fenomeno iragankorra baino gehiago izan dadila, erregulazio eta kontrola behar duela diru-bilketako mekanismo garrantzitsu bat ezartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24439,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to analyze the possible improvements of the Wells turbine, used in the energy extraction of the waves in OWC installations. Thus, the possibilities of this turbine will be reviewed both to improve the turbines already installed and to choose the best options in a future installation. To do this, firstly it will be explained how the Wells turbine works so as to see its advantages and disadvantages clearly. Then, the possibilities of both geometry of the turbine and different configurations will be analyzed. Finally, the comparison of the options will be done, to see what the option for the most optimal operation may be.","Proiektu honen helburua, itsasoko olatuen energia aprobetxatzeko erabiltzen diren OWC instalazioetako Wells turbinaren hobekuntzak aztertzea da. Honela, turbina honen aukera posibleak aztertuta geratuko dira, bai instalatuta dauden turbinak hobetu ahal izateko eta bai etorkizunean ezarriko direnetan aukera egokienak zeintzuk diren ikusteko. Horretarako, lehenik Wells turbinaren funtzionamendua azalduko da bere abantailak eta desabantailak zeintzuk diren argi geratzeko. Ondoren, bai geometriaren aldetik eta bai konfigurazioaren aldetik turbinaren aldaerak aztertuko dira desabantailak txikitzeko asmoz. Azkenik, konfigurazioen arteko alderaketa bat egingo da, funtzionamendu aldetik turbina egokiena zein den ikusi ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19874,2016-12-15,"Due to the energetic crisis that the world is suffering, it is necessary to search for alternatives to the fossil fuels. For this reason, renewable energies have joined the energetic market, among them, the biomass. In the industrial field, the biomass keeps improving step by step, with the result of numerous new technologies for the exploitation of energy by combustion. Innovation in industrial boilers is necessary for the continuous improvement in the field. This is why many new different designs have appeared. This final degree project will focus on two very important types of industrial biomass boilers: grate boilers and boilers with fluidized bed combustion. The objective is to know perfectly the functioning and the features of both technologies in order to be able to solve a practical case for which it is necessary the choice of a boiler. The fuel is the element that will make the difference between both boilers. Once the energetic analysis is finished, a comparison between the two technologies will be made in order to corroborate and prove the election made in the practical case.","Gaur egungo mundua pairatzen ari den krisi energetikoarengatik, erregai fosilak ekiditeko alternatibaren bat bilatzea beharrezkoa da. Hori dela eta, energia berriztagarriak merkatu energetikoan sartzen ari dira, eta, haien artean, biomasa. Industrian biomasa apurka-apurka aurrera doa, eta teknologia asko agertzen ari da, errekuntzaren bidez, ustiapen energetikoa hobetzeko. Galdaren berrikuntza nahitaezkoa da sektore honen hobekuntzarako eta, horregatik, modelo desberdin ugari sortu dira. Gradu amaierako lan hau biomasako galdara industrialen bi mota oso garrantzitsuei buruzkoa da: parrilla-galdarak eta ohantze fluidizatuarenak. Lan honen helburua bi galdera horien funtzionamendua eta ezaugarriak ezinhobeto jakitea da, gero kasu praktiko batean galdara egokiena aukeratzeko. Aukera honetarako elementu garrantzitsuena erregaia izango da. Analisi energetikoa bukatu ondoren, bi galdara horien arteko konparazio bat egingo da, Kasu praktikoan egokienaren aukera justifikatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54029,2021-11-24,"The objective of this Master Thesis is the design and implementation of intelligent control systems for the electric current control of the experimental stellarator nuclear fusion reactor ULISES UPV/EHU. For this purpose, the process carried out is detailed from the data capture to obtain the equivalent model of the system consisting of the reactor and the DC power supply, through the theoretical study of the different types of intelligent control proposed and finally their implementation in real time. Likewise, this project is a preliminary step for future research around ULISES UPV/EHU with the aim of improving the stability of the plasma generated inside the reactor.","Master Amaierako Lan honen helburua, Stellarator motako fusio nuklearreko ULISES UPV/EHU erreaktoreko korronte elektrikoaren kontrola gauzatzeko kontrol sistema adimendunen garapen eta inplementazioa da. Horretarako, erreaktore eta DC elikadura iturriak osatutako sistemaren modeloa lortzeko beharrezko pausuetatik hasita, proposaturiko adimendun kontrol mota desberdinen ikasketa teorikotik pasatuz, beraien denbora errealeko inplementaziora egin beharreko pausuak azaltzen dira. Honez gain, proiektu honek, ULISES UPV/EHU erreaktorearen inguruan egingo diren ikerkuntzen aurrerapauso bezala balio izan du, erreaktorearen barnean eratzen den plasmaren egonkortasuna hobetzeko asmoa delarik azken helburua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17620,2016-03-15,"Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common disorders we can find inside a classroom nowadays. Children with this disorder have to face up to different difficulties which negatively affect their academic achievement. Due to a lack of teachers’ knowledge or involvement, these children are not always given the same opportunities as the rest to succeed. That is why the aim of this research is to help teachers and provide these children the best possible response inside a classroom. To that end, as a result of a bibliographic search, the disorder has been studied in depth and different strategies, a suitable methodology and the use of ICT (Information and communication technologies) have been suggested. This is a paper that supports an inclusive quality education for everyone, without leaving anybody behind, and tries to open a path of hope.","Arreta Faltaren Nahastea eta Hiperaktibitatea (AFNHa) gaur egun ikasgela batean aurki dezakegun nahaste ohikoenetariko bat da. Nahastea pairatzen duten umeek haien errendimendu akademikoan negatiboki eragiten duten zailtasun desberdinei aurre egin behar diete. Irakasleen ezagutza edo parte-hartze eza dela eta, ume horiei arrakasta lortzeko ez zaie beti bere esku jartzen gainontzekoei eskaintzen zaizkien aukera berdinak. Hortaz, irakasleak laguntzea eta ume horiei ikasgela baten barruan ahalik eta erantzun egokien ematea ikerketa lan honen helburua da. Horretarako, bilaketa bibliografiko baten bitartez, nahastean sakondu da eta estrategia desberdinak, metodologia egokia eta IKTen (Informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologien) erabilera proposatu dira. Inor atzean utzi gabe, guztientzako kalitatezko eta inklusiboa den hezkuntza defendatzen duen eta itxaropenerako bidea irekitzen saiatzen den lana da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67686,2024-05-07,"This Final Degree Project (TFG) shows a study carried out among Primary School students on their stereotypes related to physical activity and sport. It goes without saying that our society is full of stereotypes, and this influences any area of our lives, such as sport. Thus, this influences when it comes to deciding what sport to do, how to think or be, especially among young people. For this purpose, a qualitative study was carried out among primary school pupils at an Ikastolen Elkartea school in Bizkaia from 1st to 6th year of primary education. A 22-question questionnaire was passed among the pupils to collect, find out about and analyse their stereotypes, opinions and perceptions of sport. Thus, the differences in the perception of stereotypes of sport by Primary School pupils according to gender and year were analysed. The results show that our society is changing little by little, which means that stereotypical opinions are very rare among primary school pupils and have been decreasing over the years. However, despite the progress that has been made, it can be seen that we still have these stereotypes and prejudices internalised, as there are a series of factors that continue to maintain them and that influence and condition children to a great extent. For this reason, I have based my proposal on a MullenLowe London project carried out in a school. The main objective of these proposals was to analyse the existing gender stereotypes of primary school boys and girls about women in the field of sport, in order to turn the situation around","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honek, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen artean jarduera fisikoarekiko eta kirolarekiko dituzten estereotipoei buruz egindako ikerketa bat erakusten du. Gure gizartea estereotipoz beteta dagoela argi dago, eta horrek, gure bizitzako edozein esparrutan eragina du, kirolean besteak beste. Hau da, zer kirol egin erabakitzeko orduan edota nola pentsatu edo izaterako orduan eragin handia du, gazteenen artean batez ere. Horretarako, ikerketa kualitatibo bat egin da Bizkaiako Ikastolen Elkarteko zentro bateko Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen artean, 1. mailatik 6.mailako ikasleen artean, hain zuzen. Horrela, 22 galderez osatutako galdetegi bat pasatu da ikasleen artean, kirolari buruz dituzten estereotipoak, iritziak eta pertzepzioak jaso, ezagutu eta aztertu ahal izateko. Horrela, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleek kirolarekiko estereotipoen pertzepzioan dituzten desberdintasunak aztertu dira generoaren arabera eta mailaren arabera. Emaitzei erreparatuz, ikusi da poliki-poliki gure gizartea aldatzen doala, eta horrek, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen artean iritzi estereotipatuak oso gutxi direla eta urteekin gutxitzen joan direla erakusten digu. Hala ere, aurrerapauso handiak eman diren arren, oraindik estereotipo eta aurreiritzi hauek barneratuta ditugula ikusi da, izan ere, estereotipo hauek mantentzen jarraitzen dituzten hainbat eta hainbat faktore daude, txikiengan asko eragiten eta baldintzatzen dituztenak, hain zuzen ere. Hori dela eta, MullenLowe London taldeak eskola batean egindako proiektu batean oinarritu naiz nire proposamena egiteko. Dinamika desberdinak proposatu dira non hauen helburu nagusia, Lehen Hezkuntzako haurrek kirol-esparruan emakumeenganako izan ditzaketen genero-estereotipoak aztertzea izan da, ondoren, egoerari buelta bat emateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72805,2024-06-28,"The retention and transfer of personal data in the field of crime prosecution raise legal and ethical challenges, especially at the intersection with telecommunications service operators. This study analyses the current regulatory framework, evaluating the adequacy and effectiveness of current laws to ensure both privacy protection and cooperation in criminal investigations. Relevant case studies and practical examples are examined to illustrate the problems and dilemmas associated with this topic. This research offers an understanding of how telecommunications service operators interact with criminal investigation, highlighting the need to strike a balance between preserving privacy and ensuring public security.","Delituen jarraipenaren esparruan datu pertsonalen kontserbazioa eta transmisioa erronka juridiko eta etikoak planteatzen ditu, batez ere telekomunikazio zerbitzuen operatzaileen arteko elkargunean. Ikerketa hau oraingo arauen markoari buruzko aztertzen du, legeak gaur egun zehazten dutenak, pribatutasunaren babesa eta krimen-ikerketen arteko lankidetza bermatzeko legeak neurtzen ditu. Gaia erakutsi ahal izateko, aztertu dira gaiarekin lotutako adibide garrantzitsua eta praktikoak. Ikerketa honek telekomunikazio zerbitzuen operatzaileek nola elkarreratzen duten krimen-ikerketa, pribatutasuna zaintzearen eta segurtasun publikoa bermatzearen arteko oreka lortzeko beharraz azaltzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27925,2012,"In this paper we aim to reassess the possibilities of studying an Andalusian territory with the limited resources currently available to make an extensive study. We put into question two of the traditional methodological milestones used discriminately, without giving them the same consideration: written sources and archaeological survey. While the former has enjoyed an almost historical acceptance by the scientific community who rarely question its validity, the second is continually subject to value judgments, considering these documents are as valid as the ones found in the archives. To put it briefly, we considered whether or not it would be possible or necessary to change this situation and, especially, if it is of any use in the knowledge of our territories.","Lan honen helburua egun dauden baliabide urrien bidez andalustar garaiko lurralde baten ikerketa zabala egitea posible den ala ez balioztatzea da. Horretarako, tradizionalki modu diskriminatuan eta kontsiderazio desberdinarekin erabili izan diren bi korronte metodologiko berrikusi eta eztabaidatzen dira. Iturri idatziei eta miaketa arkeologikoari (edo lurzoruaren gainazaleko azterketa) buruz ari gara. Lehenak, beren baliotasuna gutxitan zalantzan jartzen duen komunitate zientifikoaren ia betidaniko onarpena izan duten bitartean, bigarrena sarri jartzen da zalantzan, nahiz eta jakina izan artxiboak bezain besteko testuinguru onargarria duten dokumentuak direla. Laburbilduz, egoera hau aldatzea posible den edo beharrezkoa izango litzateekeen planteatzen gara, eta batez ere, gure lurraldeen inguruko ezaguera izateko inolako baliorik duen ala ez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27346,1998,"After explaining the importance of the art. 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution of the juridical statute of the person imprisoned in a penitentiary center, the author comments the most excellent jurisprudence from the Constitutional Tribunal with regard to fundamental rights of imprisoned people and makes specific reference to the right to live and to health. He coments the role of the State als protection of these rights and the functions of the Administration in the preservation of the order and security and their relationship with the regulation of the conditional freedom.","Baitegi zentru batetan dagoen pertsona baten legezko estatutoa finkatzerakoan, Konstituzio Espainoleko 25.2 artikuluak duen garrantzia aztertu ondoren, Auzitegi Konstituzionalak, askatasuna murriztuta duten pertsonen giza eskubideei buruz duen lege-jakintza jaso eta komentatzen da; erreferentzia berezia eginen zaio, bizitza eta osasunaren eskubideek eta horien gain Estatuak duen paper babesleari, intimitatearen eskubidea eta Ardularitzak ziurtasuna zaintzen duen paperaren arteko arartekotasunari eta azkenik, askatasun eskubideak, baldintzapeko askatasun eta irteteko baimenen arauketarekin duen erlazioari." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70290,2024-01-30,"In recent years there has been a significant increase in the commission of crimes against sexual freedom. There are several controversies derived from the modifications carried out in the ""Solo sí es sí"" law, since aggression and abuse have been unified in the same criminal offence. This paper offers a systematic review of the existing literature on intervention programmes for sex offenders in prisons. Initially, a description of the phenomenon of sexual aggression or abuse is given, followed by a description of the methodology used in the search for studies focused on analysing the effects of intervention programmes aimed at sex offenders who are serving their sentences. This is followed by a description of the programmes evaluated and a description of the results derived from the application of these programmes. This work aims to be useful for those working in the field of prevention when it comes to identifying the most appropriate interventions for the group of people imprisoned for sexual offences.","Azken urteotan sexu askatasunaren aurkako delituen kopuruak gorakada nabarmena izan du. “Solo sí es sí” legean egindako aldaketetatik eratorritako polemika ezberdinak daude, eraso eta abusu sexualak delitu penal berean bateratu baitira. Lan honek espetxe-esparruetan sexu-delitugileei zuzendutako esku-hartze programei buruz dagoen literaturaren berrikuspen sistematikoa eskaintzen du. Hasieran eraso eta abusu sexualen deskribapena jorratzen da, eta, ondoren, zigorra betetzen ari diren sexu-hausleei zuzendutako esku-hartze programen ondorioak ikertzera bideratutako azterlanen bilaketan erabilitako metodologiak aurkezten dira. Jarraian, aipatutako programen aplikaziotik ateratako emaitzak eta ebaluatutako programen deskribapenak ematen dira. Gainera lan honen helburua sexu-arloko delituengatiko preso taldearentzat eraginkorrenak diren interbentzioak identifikatzeko prebentzio-eremuan lanean ari diren pertsonentzat erabilgarria izatea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14074,2015-01-19,"The aim of this project has been to verify the digital imbalance that exists between the society and education and to do an approach of a suggestion to face this problem. For this, a questionnaire related to Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has been done; to know the knowledge, the preparation and the use of new technologies. The results have been analysed and they have shown that teachers’ knowledge about new technologies is very poor, showing decadence on their digital competences. For this reason, they have looked for an innovative solution, in which different tutorials have been prepared to explain the use of various Web 2.0’s resources, with which primary education teachers’ preparation will be directed.","Lan honen helburua, egungo gizarte eta hezkuntzaren desoreka digitala egiaztatzea eta horri aurre egiteko proposamen bat planteatzea izan da. Hori burutzeko, irakasle talde bati Informazio eta komunikaziorako Tresnen (IKT) inguruko galdera batzuk egin zaizkie, teknologia berriekiko haien jakintza, prestakuntza eta erabilera zeintzuk diren ezagutzeko. Jasotako emaitzak aztertu dira eta irakasle hauen ezjakintasun maila baliabide teknologiko berritzaileekiko altua dela ondorioztatu da, haien gaitasun digitala oso baxua izanda. Hori dela eta, arazo horri irtenbide berritzaile bat bilatu zaio, Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleen prestakuntzara bideratutako tutorial ezberdinak sortu direlarik, web 2.0-ko baliabide batzuen erabilera zein den azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64085,2023-07-05,"This paper tries to demonstrate the social reality that women in the cleaning sector are forced to endure due to the convergence of different power structures that perpetuate poor working conditions through patriarchal mechanisms. With this in mind, a careful study will be carried out on gender and its social construction, the relevance of gender based discrimination, job insecurity and its nexus with the feminized sectors, among other concepts and phenomena that are developed throughout this project. In order to substantiate this social critique, this text has been carried out with the collaboration of the ELA union to dismantle the false argument of isolated cases revealing the structural violence within the field of cleaning work exposing its dark side.","Lan honek garbiketaren sektoreko emakumeek lan-baldintza txarrak mekanismo patriarkalen bidez betikotzen dituzten botere-sistema desberdinen konbergentziaren ondorioz aurre egin behar dioten errealitate soziala erakutsi nahi du. Horrela, generoari eta haren gizarte-eraikuntzari, generoagatiko diskriminazio-faktoreari, lan-prekarietateari eta sektore feminizatuekin duen harremanari buruz zehaztu dugu, idazki osoan garatzen diren beste kontzeptu eta fenomeno batzuen artean. Salaketa sozial hori oinarritzeko, lan hori ELA sindikatuaren laguntzarekin egin da, kasu isolatuen argudio faltsua desegiteko eta garbiketa-lanaren itzalak agerian uzten dituzten egiturazko indarkeriak salatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25355,1999,"After analycing the economical crisis influence on delinquency development, he studies the Actual Code answers, The 1980 Proyect and the 1983 Law Proposed Proposal, ending with the new perspectives for the future.","Krisialdi ekonomikoak dilinkuentzia-bilakabidean duen eragina ikertutakoan, erantzunak indarreango Kode, 1980.eko Projektu eta 1983.eko Aurreprojektu- Proposamenean aztertu zituen, antzeman daitezkeen perspektiba berriekin amaituko zuelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37146,2019-12-20,"Abstract: the main goal of this project is to design and develop an accessible method to tackle the current scarceness of hydrological resources. Although those are limited and irreplaceable, some common human behaviors put in danger their capabilities to regenerate, that makes clear that there is a huge need to change the way it is used, managed and distributed. The solution presented in this project is based in a renowned process called “recycling” in which the water gets treated differently depending on the final use of it allowing to reuse it unlimited times and protecting such a vital resource. There are many contexts in which this process can be implemented but the most realistic proposal (maybe the easiest as well) and for sure the one with the highest impact is to execute it in regular households. The process consists in collecting rain and “grey” waters (the ones originated on laundry machines, dishwashers, showers and sinks) from two housings at Sopelana (Bizkaia). The plan is to apply a physical-biological process that combines two methods, biological degradation and membrane splitting. The next step would be applying sodium hypochlorite to sanitize the water allowing it meeting the standards marked on the “Anexo I del RD 1620/2007 por el que se establece el Régimen Jurídico de la Utilización de las Aguas Depuradas” enabling it to use to both irrigate and to use the water in the toilet tanks and cisterns. This would only be possible through the installation and correct functioning of a well-dimensioned drainage system that allows the collection of water from the rooftop and other sourcing points previously mentioned that would bring the water to a sanitation/purification device. Once the sanitization has been successfully done, a pumping system would transport the water to the locations where the desired use will take place. The estimated time of installation would take around 3 weeks with 3 full time operators working 8 hours a day from Monday to Saturday (included). The forecasted budget would be a little above 40.055,01 euros. That being said the new system would not only enable a more responsible and sustainable consumption of water but also would incur in monetary savings by reducing the volume of water needed to purchase on a regular basis.","Laburpena: hurrengo proiektuaren helburua metodo eskuragarri bat garatzea da, egun handitzen ari den ur-baliabideen eskasiari aurre egiteko. Nahiz eta errekurtso hauek mugatu eta ordezkaezinak ez izan, gizakion eguneroko zenbait aktibitate eta jarduerek horien birsorkuntza-ahalmena arriskuan jarri dute, euren erabilera, kudeaketa eta banaketa moduan aldaketa eraginkorra behar delarik. Proposatutako konponbidea berrerabilpen deritzon prozesua da. Erabilitako ura tratamendu jakinen menpe jartzen da, lortu nahi den azken kalitatearen arabera eta horren erabilera berriak egiteko, hain ezinbestekoa den elementu hau babestuz. Metodoaren aplikazio-esparrua oso zabala da. Kasu honetarako, biztanleriaren gehiengoaren eskura zegokeen aukera hartu da, etxebizitza garapenerako leku aproposena bihurtuz. Prozesua, euri-urak eta ur grisak hartzean datza (azken hauek garbigailu, dutxa, ontzi-garbigailu eta harrasketetatik hartuak) Sopelako udalerrian (Bizkaian) kokatutako bi familia-bakarreko etxebizitza erdi- apartamentuetan. Hauek tratamendu fisiko-biologikoa jasaten dute, bi prozesu konbinatuz: batetik, degradazio biologikoa, eta bestetik, mintza-bereizketa. Ondoren, desinfekzio-tratamendua egiten da sodio-hipokloritoaren dosifikazio bidez. Modu honetan, Ur Depuratuen Erabilerarako Erregimen Juridikoa ezartzen duen 1620/2007 Errege-Dekretuaren I. eranskinak exijitutako ur-kalitatea lortzen da, bi erabilera zehatzetarako: lorategien ureztatzea batetik, eta etxeetako komunen hustubideak kargatzea bestetik. Hau dena posible da ongi dimentsionatutako saneamendu-sare egoki baten instalazioari esker, teilatutik eta aipaturiko kontsumo-puntuetatik ura biltzea ametitzen duena. Lurperatutako tuberia-serie baten bidez, ur hori tratamendu-taldeari bidaltzen zaio. Behin tratatua, ura ponpaketa-ekipo baterantz zirkulatzen du, aurreikusitako erabileretarako itzul dadin bermatzen duena. Aurreikusitako lanaren iraupena 3 astekoa da. 3 langile hartuko dira, astelehenetik larunbatera egunero 8 ordu lan egingo dutenak. Hasiera-data 2019ko irailaren 2an izango da. KontratuExekuzio aurrekontua 40.055,01 eurokoa da. Amaieran baliabide honen erabilera aurreztea lortu da, uraren kontsumoa txikiagotzea lortuz, kostuak murriztuz eta, aldi berean, laguntza txikia eginez garapen jasangarria lortzeko erronkan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58147,2022-10-21,"The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyze the recent proposal to improve citizen participation in the European legal order, the Conference on the Future of Europe, from the perspective of its contributions to the strengthening of the democratic factor in the Union. To this end, we will start with a brief analysis of the concept of democracy within the framework of internal rights, with particular reference to the evolution of the democratic factor in the various forms of States, liberal and social. Next, we will highlight some of the shortcomings highlighted by the European academy with regard to democracy in the Union, in particular the so-called democratic deficit of the integration project. At the same time, we will contextualize the Conference within the framework of the political programme of the Commission of the 9th Legislature, and we will indicate its organic and procedural composition. Finally, we will evaluate the real scope of the Conference for the citizen's affection to the project from the dynamic of the democratic impulse.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia da Europako ordena juridikoan herritarren parte-hartzea hobetzeko berriki egindako proposamena aztertzea, Europaren Etorkizunari buruzko Konferentzia, Batasuneko faktore demokratikoa indartzeko egin dituen ekarpenen ikuspegitik. Horretarako, barne-eskubideen esparruko demokraziaren kontzeptuari buruzko azterketa labur bat egingo dugu, bereziki aipatuz faktore demokratikoak estatu mota guztietan izan duen bilakaera, liberala eta soziala. Jarraian, Europako akademiak Batasuneko demokraziaren inguruan nabarmentzen dituen gabezietako batzuk nabarmenduko ditugu, zehazki, integrazio-proiektuaren defizit demokratikoa deritzona. Aldi berean, Konferentzia IX. Legegintzaldiko Batzordearen programa politikoaren testuinguruan kokatuko dugu, eta haren osaera organikoa eta prozedurazkoa adieraziko ditugu. Azkenik, herritarrek proiektuan duten eraginari buruzko Konferentziaren benetako irismena baloratuko dugu, bultzada demokratikoaren dinamikatik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23200,2017-07,"The structure in architecture has played a major role in the last decades. In addition to its bearing function, the importance of the structure as a design element has turned it into another variant when defining the style of a project. With the lessening of technical, constructive and economic constraints, new strategies of structural design have been developed and carried out. These have meant a revolution in both architecture and engineering, as they have given way to a new line of research and development. This paper aims to understand the context and content of these new strategies and also analyse two specific cases in single family homes.","Egiturak arkitekturan protagonismo handia lortu du azken aldian. Bere euskarri funtzioaz gain, diseinu elementu gisa daukan garrantziak, proiektu baten estiloaren definizioan aldagai nagusi bihurtu du. Baldintzatzaile tekniko, konstruktibo eta ekonomikoen murriztearekin, egituren diseinu-estrategia berriak garatu eta plazaratu dira. Egituren diseinu-estrategia berri hauek iraultza bat suposatu dute bai arkitekturan baita ingeniaritzan ere, ikerkuntza eta garapen bide berriak zabalduz. Lan honen bitartez estrategia hauen testuinguru eta ezaugarriak ulertu nahi dira. Etxe familiabakarren bi kasu zehatzen azterketa egingo da ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73365,2025-05-07,"In the Final Degree Project presented below, a collection of information about the experience of having children with autism in Early Childhood Education classrooms has been carried out. According to the definition of autism given by Barry (2018) ""it is a different way of being human"", and its characteristics are very different and variable depending on the person. Children with this disorder usually present deficits in the sensory area, which can be worked on through different proposals, including the sensory classroom. In order to learn more about this topic, two professionals with experience in working with children with this spectrum have been interviewed: Early Childhood Education teachers and professionals 1 working in the Navarre Autism Association. The data obtained show that having a child with autism in class is not easy for teachers, since their special characteristics require special attention.","Jarraian aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanean informazio bilketa bat eraman da aurrera, autismoa duten haurrak Haur Hezkuntzako geletan izatearen esperientziaren ingurukoa. Autismoa Barry-k (2018) ematen duen definizioaren arabera “izaki izateko modu desberdin bat da”, eta bere ezaugarriak oso desberdinak eta aldakorrak dira pertsonaren arabera. Nahasmen hau daukaten haurrek, eremu sentsorialan defizitak izaten ohi dituzte, eta hauek, proposamen desberdinen bitartez landu daitezke, haien artean, gela sentsorial. Gai honen inguruan gehiago jakiteko asmoz, espektro hau daukaten haurrekin lan egiten esperientzia duten profesionalak elkarrizketatu dira: Haur Hezkuntzako irakasle eta Nafarroako Autismo Elkartean lan egiten duen profesionalak. Lortutako datuek erakusten dute, autismoa duen haur bat gelan izatea ez dela bat ere erraza irakasleentzako, hauen ezaugarri berezi horiek arreta berezia eskatzen dute eta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14296,2015-01-28,"Carbon disulfide (CS2) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) are highly toxic gases, which are emitted to the atmosphere in a large number of industrial sectors, mainly in the manufacture cellulose-based products in the case of CS2, and in the petrochemical industry in the case of H2S. The current legislation regarding such emissions makes their treatment necessary in many cases. Biofiltration as a technology for the treatment of contaminated gas streams represent an interesting alternative to the physicochemical methods used to date. However, one of the main operational problems that slows down the implementation of this biological treatment at industrial scale is the slow start-up phase, which may be too long for the commercial application of this technology, especially when treating CS2-pollutd gaseous emissions. This research work is focused on the study of these start-up and acclimation periods, particularly slow in the case of CS2, and a strategy for reducing the start-up phase is proposed. This strategy is based on the use of stored biomass, previously used for the biofiltration of the target compounds, as inoculum in biofilters in order to reduce the time required to achieve high removal efficiencies. At the same time, it has been concluded that short system shutdowns do not affect significantly system operation.","Karbono disulfuroa (CS2) eta hidrogeno sulfuroa (H2S) gas toxikoak dira. Konposatu hauek hainbat sektore industrialetan emititzen dira atmosferara; batez ere, zelulosatik eratorritako produktuak ekoizten dituzten prozesuetan, CS2-aren kasuan, eta industria petrokimikoan, H2S-aren kasuan. Egun, gas emisio horiek atmosferara isuri aurretik tratatzea beharrezkoa da, hainbat kasutan, indarrean dagoen legedia betetzeko. Azken urteotan, bioiragazkiak korronte gaseosoak tratatzeko aukera lehiakorra bihurtu dira eta, hainbat kasutan, tradizionalki erabili izan diren tratamendu fisiko-kimikoen ordezko bihurtu ere. Hala eta guztiz ere, sistema biologiko horien erabilpena ez dago oraindik industria mailan hedatua, abiatze fasean agertzen diren limitazioak direla eta, besteak beste. Lan honetan bioiragazkien abiatze fasea murrizteko hainbat estrategia ikertu da, bereziki motela dena CS2-a tratatzeko bioiragazkien kasuan. Aurretik aktibatutako eta gordetako biomasa betagarri berriarekin proportzio ezberdinetan nahastean oinarritzen den estrategia proposatu da, ezabapen eraginkortasun handietara heltzeko beharrezkoa den denbora murrizten duena. Aldi berean geraldi laburrek sistemaren eraginkortasunean eragin handia ez daukatela ondorioztatu egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70610,2023-12-28,"The main theme of Jokin Muñoz’s narrative is the Basque conflict. His work is canonical in the Basque literary system, and for this reason, we have attempted a new reading from the perspective of feminist literary criticism, with the aim of analysing the representation of the armed conflict. According to the results, Muñoz’s work perpetuates the gender norms attributed to the use of violence, it reproduces the patriarchal model of militancy, it predominantly shows a hegemonic masculinity, and it represents a gendered transmission of ideology. Moreover, it seems to us that, when he intentionally resorts to a feminist perspective, he does so with the intent to make an even harsher critique of the armed group.","Jokin Muñozen narratiban gai nagusia izan da euskal gatazka armatuarena. Euskal literatur sisteman bere obra kanonikotzat hartu izan da, eta horregatik, lan honetan haren obrak berrirakurri ditugu, gatazka armatuaren irudikapena literatur kritika feministaren bidez aztertzeko. Emaitzen arabera, Muñozen obran indarkeriaren erabilerari egotzi izan zaizkion genero-arauak iraunarazten dira, militantzia eredu patriarkala erreproduzitzen da, maskulinitate hegemonikoa da nagusi eta ideologia transmisio generizatua irudikatzen da. Areago, narrazioren batean berariaz begirada feministaz baliatzen denean, talde armatuarenari buruzko kritika are gordinagoa egiteko dela iruditzen zaigu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42012,2020-03-09,"Motivated by my personal experiences and life lessons, I present in the following pages the analysis of the sport I have been practicing since I was a child. This, is often named in relation with violence, because is based on contact and direct confrontation. Specifically, I have analyzed the connotation of martial arts and fight/contact sports in our society. First of all, after defining the concepts of violence and aggressiveness, I have described martial arts and fight sports, focusing my explanations on martial arts. For this research, I defined the following objetives: investigate about the benefits for children’s development, know the values and principles of behavior they work on, describe the ideology they hide, present the characteristics that take importance in physical education, promote the respectful behavior and go against the prejudices that involve martial arts. After explaining these ideas in the theory-part, I start presenting the investigation I did in my Practicum III experience by taking part with a didactic design: starting with objectives, following with the methodological part (which I based in qualitative investigation describing procedures and tools) and last, I finish with the results exposition. Once finished with that, I extend conclusions, the interpretation of the results I got. In this part, I describe the good atmosphere I create with children, the rich recognition of emotions, the awareness of motivation and self will power and, as I was lookin for since I started the research, I go against the prejudices that involve martial arts. And last, I make some improvement proposals. In fact, if I had had more time, I would have extended my investigation, because this topic opens a big variety of possibilities.","Izandako esperientzia eta bizipen pertsonalak motibatuta, betidanik praktikatu dudan kirolaren inguruko ikerketa aurkezten dut hurrengo orrialdeetan. Hau, biolentziarekin batera sarritan aipatzen da gure inguruan, kontaktua eta aurkaritza zuzena oinarri moduan dituen heinean. Zehazki, arte martzialen eta borroka-kirolen konnotazio sozialaren azterketa egin dut. Hasteko, biolentzia eta agresibitate kontzeptuak zehaztu ondoren, arte martzialekin eta borroka-kirolekin hasi naiz, arte martzialetan gehiago sakonduz eta zehaztasun gehiago emanez. Hauen lanketa egiteko finkatu nituen xedeen artean, hurrengoak daude: haurren garapenean izan ditzaketen onurak aztertzea, jorratzen dituzten baloreak eta jarrera-ildoak ezagutzea, atzean dagoen ideologiaren deskribapena egitea, gorputz-hezkuntzan garrantzia hartzen duten ezaugarriak adieraztea, errespetuan oinarritutako jarrera sustatzea eta arte martzialen inguruan dauden aurreiritzien kontrako alderdi positiboak (eta seguruenik ezezagunak) azaltzea. Horiek marko teorikoan azalduta daudelarik, nire Practicum III esperientzian praktikan jartzeko aukera izanik, haurrekin egindako esku-hartze didaktikoan ikertutakoa plazaratzen dut: helburuekin hasita, metodologiarekin jarraituz (ikerketa kualitatiboan oinarritu dudan ikerketarako prozedurak eta tresnak) eta lortutako emaitzak aurkezten amaitzeko. Emaitzen ostean, ondorioak luzatzen ditut, ikerketaren bitartez lortutako emaitzen interpretazioa. Hauetan, haurren artean izandako giro ona, emozioen identifikazio aberatsa, motibazioa eta gogo-indarraren kontrolaren gaineko kontzientzia-garapena eta, hasieratik nahi nuen moduan, biolentziari buruzko aurreiritzien kontra egiten dut arte martzialei dagokienez, haurrekin batera lan eginez. Amaitzeko, hainbat hobekuntza proposamen egiten ditut. Izan ere, denbora gehiago izanez gero, ikerketa asko luzatuko nuke, gai honek aukera-sorta zabala zabaltzen baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14337,2015-02-04,This work deals with the reconfigurable control sistems. The aim is to keep the control sistem working after a change request of the user or after a controler failure. It’s going to be applied onto the first station of the FMS 200 handling cell of the Department of Sistems Engineering and Automotion of the ETSI Bilbao.,"Lan hau birkonfiguragarri kontrol sistemei buruz hitz egiten du. Helburua da sistema kontrolatzen jarraitzen mantentzea, erabiltzaile batek aldaketa eskaera bat eginez gero edo kontroladore batek huts egiten duenean. Bilboko ETSI-ko Sistemen Ingeniaritza eta Automatika Sailako laborategiko FMS 200-ren lehenengo moduluari aplikatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55055,2022-01-18,"The objective of this Final Degree Project is to create, together with the students of Early Childhood Education, a dictionary with the perspective of the students. The concepts that make up this dictionary are related to school and feelings, which are part of the children's close context. In this way, the children have not only been able to know the function of the dictionary, but they have also been able to create and work with terms that will be so useful for them in Basque. For this purpose, several actions have been designed and put into practice in this intervention. For the acquisition of vocabulary, first, a bibliographic review of the communicative capacity of children and vocabulary has been carried out, which is explained in the initial section of the work. This is followed by an analysis of the activities followed to create the dictionary and the definitions that are part of it. As for the results obtained, once the intervention was finished, the children were able to define the concepts worked on through the activities and to manage the vocabulary created by all of them.","GRAL honen helburua da Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleekin batera hiztegi bat sortzea ikasleen ikuspuntua haintzat hartuta. Hiztegi hori osatzen duten kontzeptuak eskola eta sentimenduei buruzkoak dira, umeen testuinguru hurbileko parte direnak. Modu horretan, umeek hiztegiaren funtzioa ezagutzeaz gain, euskaraz hain erabilgarriak izango zaizkien terminoak sortzeko eta lantzeko aukera izan dute. Horretarako, esku-hartze honetan hainbat jarduera diseinatu eta praktikara eraman izan dira. Hiztegia eskuratzeko, lehenengo umeen komunikazio gaitasunari eta hiztegiari buruzko berrikuste bibliografiko bat egin da, lanaren hasierako atalean azaltzen dena. Honen ostean, hiztegia sortzeko jarraitu diren jarduerak eta hiztegiaren parte diren definizioak aztertzen dira. Lortutako emaitzei dagokienez, esku-hartzea amaitu ostean, umeek jardueren bidez landutako kontzeptuak definitzeko eta denon artean sortutako hiztegia maneiatzeko gai izan dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72631,2025-02-11,"This study conducts a detailed analysis of refractory plates used in continuous casting, focusing on validating and optimizing key design aspects to enhance performance and durability. Refractory plates are critical in the steel industry, subjected to extreme temperatures and pressures. Using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and ANSYS software, thermal and mechanical simulations were performed to evaluate how the plates respond to these loads. The analysis includes the selection of appropriate materials and the assessment of stresses and deformations. Based on the results, design improvements were proposed to optimize stress distribution, reduce weight, and increase plate durability. This study provides a solid foundation for future optimizations and the manufacturing of more efficient and safer refractory plates","Lan honetan, isurketa jarraituan erabilitako plaka erregogorren azterketa xehatua egiten da, diseinuaren funtsezko alderdiak balidatu eta optimizatzera bideratuta, errendimendua eta bizitza baliagarria hobetzeko. Plaka erregogorrak funtsezkoak dira siderurgia-industrian, eta muturreko tenperatura- eta presio-baldintzak jasaten dituzte. Elementu finituen metodoa (MEF) eta ANSYS softwarea erabiliz, simulazio termikoak eta mekanikoak egiten dira plakek karga horiei nola erantzuten dieten ebaluatzeko. Analisiaren barruan material egokiak hautatzea eta tentsioak eta deformazioak ebaluatzea sartzen dira. Emaitzetatik abiatuta, diseinuan hobekuntzak proposatzen dira tentsioen banaketa optimizatzeko, pisua murrizteko eta plaken iraunkortasuna handitzeko. Azterlan honek oinarri sendoa ematen du etorkizuneko optimizazioetarako eta plaka erregogor eraginkorragoak eta seguruagoak fabrikatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/49231,2020-12-23,"Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a type of partial epilepsy which is often resistant to anti-epileptic drugs. In TLE, unconventional neuronal activity takes place, in the hippocampus among other brain areas. TLE patients frequently show memory disorders and they are more likely to suffer from depression. Moreover, they usually present alterations in the endocannabinoid (eCB) system as well as astrocytic hypertrophy and hyperplasia. A TLE animal model was used to examine hippocampal dependant behaviours such as anxiety, spatial memory and nesting, and hippocampal changes in the expression of CB1 receptors and astrocytes. Three animal groups were compared: controls and animals which have suffered mild and severe epileptic seizures. In the three groups behavioral tests were conducted to analyse the degree of anxiety, spatial memory and their nests. Lastly, immunocitochemistry procedures were performed to study the hippocampus at light microscopy. We saw that animals who have suffered severe epileptic seizures have spatial memory impairment as they need more time in the memory test, they make more mistakes and they do not develop any strategy. At microscopic level, in the CA1 hippocampus region there is lower expression of CB1 receptors and there are astrocytic hypertrophy and hyperplasia. These results demonstrate that TLE impairs spatial memory, thus, it is an analysable feature that can be used to detect the damages caused by TLE. Furthermore, TLE causes changes in the CB1 receptors and astrocytes from the CA1 region and those alterations might be related to the memory impairment and the severity of the seizures. Ingelera","Loki-lobuluko epilepsia (LLE) askotan epilepsiaren aurkako medikamenduekin trataezina den epilepsia partzial mota bat da. LLEn ez-ohiko neurona-jarduera, besteak beste, hipokanpoan gertatzen da. LLEdun pazienteetan oroimen arazoak eta depresioa jasateko probabilitate handia ikusi dira. Horrez gain, endokannabinoide (eKB) sisteman aldaketak aurkezten dituzte, eta astrozitoen hipertrofia eta hiperplasia ere agertzen dituzte. Lan honetan, LLEren animalia-eredu batean aztertu dira hipokanpoaren mendekoak diren antsietatea, oroimena eta habia egiteko gaitasuna, eta hipokanpoan gertatzen diren CB1 hartzaileen adierazpenaren eta astrozitoen aldaketak. Hiru animalia talde konparatu ditugu: kontrolak eta epilepsia-krisi arinak eta larriak izan dituztenak. Hirurekin portaera-probak burutu dira antsietate-maila eta memoria-espaziala aztertzeko, eta euren habiak aztertu dira. Azkenik, argi mikroskopiaren bidez animalien hipokanpoa aztertzeko prozedura immunohistokimikoak burutu dira. Ikusi dugu krisi epileptiko larriak izan dituzten animaliek memoria-espaziala kaltetuta dutela; izan ere, oroimen-proban denbora gehiago behar dute, akats gehiago egiten dituzte eta ez dute bilaketa-estrategiarik garatzen. Maila mikroskopikoan, hipokanpoko CA1 eskualdean, CB1 hartzaile askoz gutxiago aurkezten dituzte eta astrozitoen hiperplasia eta hipertrofia agertzen dituzte. Emaitzek erakusten dute LLEk oroimen-espazialean eragin kaltegarriak dituela eta, beraz, aztertu daitekeen ezaugarri bat dela LLEk eragindako kalteak detektatzeko. Bestalde, CA1 eskualdean astrozitoen eta CB1 hartzaileen aldaketak sortzen ditu, eta baliteke horiek oroimen-urritasunaren eta krisi epileptikoen larritasun mailarekin erlazionatuta egotea. Euskara" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67768,2024-05-08,"The main objective of this work is to check whether it is possible to achieve an improvement in the attention capacity of students through an intervention proposal based on the mindfulness technique, since many current pupils show difficulties in this capacity, which is essential for good school performance. To reach this objective, first of all, a bibliographical review was carried out on the concept of mindfulness, its benefits and its application in the educational field. Then, taking into account the information obtained, an intervention proposal was designed for a fourth year Primary School classroom. To check the evolution of the students' attentional profile, the validated CARAS-R test was used before and after applying part of the intervention designed. In general, the attention of most pupils has improved, although the change has not been very significant.","Lan honen helburu nagusia mindfulness teknikan oinarritutako esku-hartze proposamen baten bidez, ikasleen arreta-ahalmenean hobekuntza lortu daitekeen egiaztatzea da, zeren eta gaur egungo ikasle askok zailtasunak erakusten dituzte gaitasun horretan, eskolan errendimendu ona izateko ezinbestekoa delarik. Helburu hori lortzeko, lehenik eta behin, mindfulness kontzeptuari, haren onurei eta hezkuntza-esparruan duen aplikazioari buruzko azterketa bibliografikoa egin zen. Ondoren, bildutako informazioa kontuan hartuta, Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren mailako gela baterako esku-hartze proposamena diseinatu zen. Ikasleen arreta-profilari dagokionez izandako bilakaera egiaztatzeko, diseinatutako proposamenaren zati bat aplikatu aurretik eta ondoren baliozkotutako AURPEGIAK-B testa erabili zen. Oro har, ikasle gehienen arreta hobetu da, nahiz eta aldaketa ez den oso esanguratsua izan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36542,2019-11-27,"Abstract: The use of glass in construction has been increasing in recent years, but there are still structural elements in which it is not widely used. Due to the difficulties involved, the flexural elements are the ones in which it is more rarely use, and the development of these elements could bring about significant improvements in the field of construction. For this reason, in this work its feasibility is studied and the foundations are laid down so that, in the future, after more research, they can be implemented regularly.","Laburpena: Eraikuntzan, beiraren erabilera gero eta handiagoa izan arren, oraindik badaude egitura elementuak non ez den asko erabiltzen. Hainbat arazo direla eta, flexioan lan egiten duten elementuetan, gutxi erabiltzen da, eta elementu horien garapena, hobekuntza nabarmenak ekar ditzake eraikuntzaren esparruan. Hori dela eta, lan honetan, bere bideragarritasuna aztertuko da eta etorkizunean, ikerketa gehiago burututa, inplementatu ahal izateko oinarriak ezarriko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27730,2011,"The aim of this article is to set out what we have called “Minor Archaeology” from a theoretical standpoint. The term seeks to give a name and stand for the space left by a Public Archaeology imported from the English-speaking world, whose roots are clearly related with the “politics of identity”. Within a “Minor Archaeology” framework, the socialisation and hybridization of Archaeology with other disciplines is regarded as an unavoidable step in order to incorporate the commodification of heritage in processes of local subjectivity building. Thus, our aim is not to set a fixed and exclusivist model of archaeological and heritage management – a Public Archaeology can also be “Minor Archaeology” – but to show the potential archaeology holds to foster social change and favour a more democratic stance at a wide territorial scale. The cases of study presented aim to illustrate the reflections exposed.","Artikulu honen xedea “arkeologia txikia” delakoa ikuspuntu teoriko batetik planteatzea da. Hitz honen bidez testuinguru anglosaxoietatik inportatutako “identitate politikekin” argiki lotutako arkeologiak utzitako hutsunea izendatu nahi dugu. ”Arkeologia txikiak” arkeologiaren sozializazioa eta honen hibridazioak beste disziplinekin, alde batera utzi ezin dezakegun urrats bat bezala ikusten du, tokian tokiko subjektibitateen eraikuntza ondarearen merkaturatze prozesuetan integratzeko. Modu honetan, ez du kudeaketa eredu bakarra finkatu nahi –arkeologia publikoa ere “txikia” izan daiteke- baizik eta arkeologiak, lurralde mailan, gizartea aldatu eta demokratizateko dituen gaitasunak erakustea. Hainbat kasuen analisiek aurkeztutako hausnarketak gainetik irudikatzen dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25127,2004,"The element that better defines the coercive sects is the coercive means that they use to obtain their members submission. Starting from this idea, it is explained, from the Social Psychology perspective, the difference between the sects and the coercive sects, their essential lines, their social relevance, their ways to act, the dynamics, the means of coercive persuasion, the individual and social problems that they generate and the ways to deal with them, as well as the main legal problems that this phenomenon causes.","Sekta hertsakorrak garbien definitzen dituen elementuak, bere taldekoekiko menperatasuna lortzeko erabiltzen duten sistema hertsakorra da. Planteamendu honetatik abiatuta, psikologia sozialaren perspektibatik, sekta eta sekta hertsakorren ezberdintasunak azaltzen dira, beren mugak eta duten garrantzi soziala, jokatzeko duten era, dinamika, arazo pertsonalak eta hauei aurre egiteko modua, baita fenomeno honek sortzen dituzten arazo juridikoak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37066,2019-12-19,"Abstract: new technologies are frequently used in the agricultural industry. Among them, it should be noted that automated irrigation systems are increasingly present in this type of industry. These systems allow the improvement of crops efficiency. Furthermore, because of the growing concern about climate change in recent years, the use of renewable energy has been acquiring an increasingly relevant role. In fact, by not emitting pollutants or creating greenhouse gases, the use of this type of technology helps to curb climate change. In this End of Degree Project, the two previous ideas are combined and the design of automatic irrigation system that uses solar energy is described. A drip irrigation system managed by PLC technology has been created with a monitoring interface. In the designed automatic irrigation system, the option of using manual and automatic irrigation functioning modes at the request of the user is given. Furthermore, because of the ecological concern, to feed this whole system, an isolated photovoltaic installation is used.","Laburpena: nekazaritza industrian teknologia berriak gero eta erabiliagoak dira. Hauen artean, ureztapen sistema automatizatuen erabilera gero eta nabarmenagoa bihurtzen ari delarik. Sistema hauen abantaila aipagarriena laborantzen etekina handitzea da. Bestalde, azken urteetan klima-aldaketari buruzko kezka nabarmenagoa dela eta, energia berriztagarrien erabilerak garratzi handia hartu du. Izan ere, hauek ez dituzte gas kutsatzailerik eta berotegi efektuzko gasak isurtzen eta teknologia hauen erabilerari esker klima-aldaketa geldiaraztea laguntzen da. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan aurreko bi ideiak lotu dira eta eguzki energia erabiltzen duen ureztatze sistema automatikoa diseinatu da. PLC teknologia bidez kudeatzen den tantaz tantako jario bidezko ureztapen sistema sortu da eta honen bistaratze interfaze bat ere diseinatu da. Diseinatutako sistema ureztapen automatikoa edo eskuzko ureztapena erabiltzeko aukera ematen du erabiltzailearen nahien arabera. Gainera, ardura ekologikoa dela eta, sistema osoa energiaz hornitzeko isolatutako instalazio fotovoltaiko bat erabiltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23238,2017-07,"The aim of this document is to detail the design and implementation of an artificial vision system in a Bioloid robot which will be enrolled in the CEABOT 2017 competition, taking place in the Faculty of Engineering of Gijon in September. The vision system will be essential in two of the five tasks of the contest, having to detect QR (Quick Response) codes located in obstacles around a stage, extract information from them, and send it to the robot. The responsible of this has been a Raspberry Pi, a series of small single-board computer which controls the process with the algorithms previously introduced on it. At the end, different tests have been done to ensure the suitability of the vision system.","Dokumentu honen helburua, Irailaren hasieran Gijoneko Ingenieritza Fakultatean ospatuko den CEABOT 2017 lehiaketan parte hartuko duen Bioloid robotan, ikusmen artifizial sistema baten diseinua eta implementazioa azaltzea da. Ikusmen sistema, ezinbestekoa izango da lehiakaren bost probetatik, bitan. Froga-zelai zehar kokatuta dauden QR kodeak detektatu, haien informazioa ateratzea eta robotara transmititzea. Hau lortzearen arduraduna Raspberry Pi plaka izan da, aurretik sartutako algoritmoen bidez, prozesua kontrolatzen duena. Amaitzeko, zenbait frogak egin dira, ikusmen sistemaren baliotasuna segurtatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24470,2017-09,"Laser Metal Deposition process, also known as Laser Cladding, is one of the Additive Manufacturing technologies that arouses greatest interest in today’s market, thanks to the fact that it allows the production of geometrically complex metallic pieces, as well as the repairs of high added value parts and surface coatings. In spite of its advantages comparing with traditional technologies, the process is rather unstable, making it difficult to obtain a clad with the desired features. This is the reason why this document attempts to analyse the possibility of optimising the process, by using measurement sensors, which provide temperature and height values in real time (in process). This information may be used in a closed-loop control system to adjust the laser power, and the workpiece’s feed rate.","Gaur egun, fabrikazio gehigarriaren arloan merkatuan aurki daitezkeen teknologien artean, interes gehien pizten ari den prozesua, Laser Metal Deposition edo Laser Cladding deiturikoa da. Prozesu honek, geometria konplexuko pieza metalikoen fabrikazioa, balio erantsi handiko piezen konponketa eta gainazalen estaldura ahalbideratzen du. Ekarpeneko teknologia tradizionalekin alderatuz abantailak eskaintzen dituen arren, ekarpen baldintzen aldakortasuna dela medio, zailtasunak agertzen dira eta sarritan ezinezkoa izaten da nahi diren emaitzak lortzea. Hori dela medio, dokumentu honetan prozesua optimizatzeko aukerak aztertu dira; hala nola, tenperatura eta erantsiriko materialaren altuera balioak neurtu dira aldiunero sentsoreak erabiliz, prozesuan zehar (in process). Informazio hau begizta itxiko kontrol sistema batean erabili ahal da, laserraren potentzia eta abiadura egokitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/10858,2008,"This article focuses on the study of the family policies implemented in European countries and their consequences on women in terms of wellbeing and equality. The gradual and irreversible incorporation of women into the workplace has not only modified the family structure but has also shown the close relationship between paid work and unpaid work, i.e. housework and caring for children and dependent individuals. The aim sought is to examine and compare the degree of commitment of these countries to the wellbeing of children and to equality between men and women through instruments that provide a work-life structure, encouraging male participation in care work and female participation in paid employment.","Artikulu honek gure inguruko Europako herrialdeetan ezarritako familia-politikak eta horiek ongizate eta berdintasun esparruetan emakumeengan izan duten eragina aztertzen ditu. Emakumeak pixkanaka eta atzera bueltarik gabe joan dira lan-merkatuan sartzen eta horrek familia egitura aldatzeaz gain, ordaindutako lañaren eta ordaindu gabeko lanaren arteko harreman estua jarri du agerian. Hau da, etxeko lanaren eta haurren nahiz menpeko pertsonen zaintzaren arteko harremana egin du ageriko. Artikulu honen helburua da, aipatu lurraldeek haurtzaroaren ongizatearekin eta emakume nahiz gizonen berdintasunarekin duten konpromiso maila aztertzea eta alderatzea. Horretarako, familia eta lana bateratzeko lanabesak, gizonek zaintza lanetan duten parte hartzea eta emakumeek ordaindutako lanean duten parte hartzea sustatzen duten lanabesak, aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20023,2016-12-29,"The aim of this Final degree project has been to wake up the interest of the students according to the religious and cultural diversity in their class where immigration rate has been increased in recent years. With the main purpose of enriching the cultural and religious knowledge of these students from an attractive outlook, both students and their families have worked together in the creation of a web which combines activities and information about the diverse cultures, religions and also emotional education.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua ikasleriaren interesa piztea izan da klasean dauden ezberditasun erlijiosoen eta kulturalen inguruan, kontuan hartuta inmigrazio tasa azken urteotan handitu egin dela. Modu erakargarri batean ikasleen jakintza erlijioso eta kulturala aberasteko asmoz, bai ikasleek eta baita haien gurasoek ere lan egin dute web orrialde bat egiten, erlijio kultura eta emozio-hezkuntzaren inguruan informazioa eta ekintzak batzen dituena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27904,2012,"The Archaeology of Women and gender relations studies have become a very valuable line of research, involving many different perspectives and topics in Spanish archaeology. Thus, this paper has two main goals. On the one hand, it aims to make a revision of the origin and development of these approaches in our country, particularly in the Bronze Age of south-east Iberian Peninsula. On the other hand, we present the results of their application in a very specific case of study: the Bronze Age settlement of Peñalosa, in south Iberia (Baños de la Encina, Jaen).","Emakumeen arkeologia eta generoen arteko erlazioen azterketa, ikerkuntza adar eta tematika desberdinak biltzen dituen ikerketa ikuspegi garrantzitsua bihurtu da arkeologia espainiarrean. Hori honela izanik, lan honek bi helburu nagusi ditu; alde batetik, ikerketa ardatz honek Espainian izan duen jatorria eta garapenaren inguruko hausnarketa egitea eta bestetik, Iberiar Penintsulako hegoaldean kokatzen den Brontze Aroko herrixka batean, Peñalosa (Baños de la Encina, Jaén) ikerketa lerro honen aplikazioa aurkeztea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19455,2016-10-28,"The following Bachelor Thesis titled ‘Interior noise reduction of a high-speed train with consideration of the issuance of wheel-rail rolling' intends to study the noise inside the interior of a railway carriage. For that, certain acoustic analysis will be carried out: modal and harmonic ones. In the modal analysis natural frequencies of the carrier will be obtained, while in the harmonic ones the noise source is introduced. In these last ones pressure levels will be obtained. Right after, the noise level will be reduced by introducing absorptive surfaces. The tools used for this project will be the 3D CAD software Solid Edge ST8, which is used for designing the passenger’s compartment, and a finite element software like ANSYS to fulfill the acoustic analysis","Honako Gradu Amaierako Lanaren izenburua ‘Abiadura Handiko Tren baten barne soinu murrizketa, gurpil-errail errodadurak sortua’ da. Bere helburu nagusia tren baten barnean antzematen den zarata aztertzea da. Horretarako, zenbait analisi akustiko garatuko dira, bai modalak zein harmonikoak. Analisi modaletan frekuentzia naturalak lortuko dira eta harmonikoetan zarate iturria sartuko da. Azkeneko hauetan, analisi bakoitzean lortzen den presio maila aztertuko da. Ondoren, zarata murrizteari ekingo zaio, absortzio gainazalen bidez. Proiektu honetan erabiliko diren tresnak honakoak dira: Solid Edge ST8 3D diseinu programa, eta elementu finitu bidezko Ansys softwarea dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20030,2016-12-29,"The following investigation analyzes the features of postmodern cinema giving Ocho apellidos vascos film as an example and emphasizing on its distinction. In order to do that, they have researched national stereotypes taking into account characteristics conferred on Basque and Andalucian people. As a conclusion, this postmodern film leads public to believe romantic love is the only way to overcome differences between these two communities. Therefore, this work suggests an educational proposal in which children will be able to reflect on diverse nationalities.","Ikerketa honek zine postmodernoaren ezaugarriak ikertu ditu Ocho apellidos vascos pelikulan esanguratsuak diren bereizgarrietan arreta berezia jarriz. Horrez gain, pelikularen umorearen ardatz diren estereotipo nazionalak ere analizatu dira, euskaldunei eta andaluziarrei esleitzen zaizkien ezaugarrietan zentratuz. Ondorio bezala, pelikula postmodernitatearen baitan kokatu daitekeela esan dezakegu bai eta honetan euskaldunen eta andaluziarren arteko desberdintasunak gainditzeko amodio erromantikoa dela proposaturiko bide bakarra. Beraz, Lehen Hezkuntzako gelarako proposamen- didaktikoa luzatuko da, ikasleek berauena ez den nazionalitateez ohartu eta hauen inguruan hausnartu dezaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70184,2024-06-25,"Through the specific case of Ahlam, it examines the odyssey of violence and human rights violations that migration to Spain can entail for a racialised woman. The study focuses on the analysis of some of the contexts of violence that thousands of immigrant women who migrate to work and achieve decent living conditions go through, from the perspective of the existence of intersections between systems of oppression such as capitalism, patriarchy, coloniality and racism that have a direct impact on the lives of these women. It analyses and makes visible the precarious and degrading labour reality they suffer in different sectors, the risk of being victims of human trafficking, as well as the scope of the law when dealing with these phenomena through international, European and state regulations. It highlights how migration status, gender and social class affect susceptibility to rights violations. Human trafficking and labour exploitation are contextualised within the neoliberal economic system and the alien regime, which interacts with other systems of oppression. The following work is proposed through the Legal Clinic for Social Justice of the UPV/EHU, with the collaboration of the organisation SOS Racismo Gipuzkoa.","Ahlamen kasu zehatzaren bitartez, Espainiara migratzeak emakume arrazializatu batentzat ekar ditzakeen indarkerien eta giza eskubideen urraketen bidaia aztertzen da. Lan egiteko eta bizi-baldintza duinak lortzeko emigratzen duten milaka emakume etorkinek igarotzen dituzten indarkeria-testuinguruetako batzuen azterketan oinarritzen da azterlana, emakume horien bizitzetan zuzenean eragiten duten zapalkuntza-sistemen (kapitalismoa, patriarkatua, kolonialtasuna eta arrazakeria) arteko elkarguneak daudela planteatuz. Hainbat sektoretan pairatzen duten lan-errealitate prekarioa eta apalesgarria, pertsonen salerosketaren biktima izateko arriskua eta fenomeno horiei nazioarteko, Europako eta Estatuko araudiaren bidez aurre egiteko Zuzenbidearen irismena aztertu eta ikusarazten dira. Migrazio-estatusak, generoak eta gizarte-klaseak eskubide-urraketak pairatzeko arriskuan nola eragiten duten nabarmentzen da. Gizakien salerosketa eta lan-esplotazioa sistema ekonomiko neoliberalaren eta atzerritartasun-erregimenaren testuinguruan kokatzen dira, beste zapalkuntza-sistema batzuekin elkarreraginean. Hurrengo lana UPV/EHUko Justizia Sozialaren aldeko Klinika Juridikoaren bidez proposatzen da, SOS Arrazakeria Gipuzkoa erakundearen lankidetzarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73240,2025-05-07,"Anxiety manifests itself at increasingly younger ages, and in order to avoid it and/or manage it, it is essential to work on emotional management from childhood. The main objective of this study was to analyse the importance and treatment given to emotional management by Early Childhood educators. To this end, a questionnaire was created for active Early Childhood Education teachers. The results were generally positive in terms of the importance given to the emotional aspect, although some shortcomings were also identified when it came to dealing with emotional management at a practical level. Likewise, the results and their conclusions leave the way open to future research to further explore this topic and for educators to reflect on their classroom practice.","Antsietatea gero eta adin gazteagoetan ageri da, eta hura ekidin edota kudeatzeko bidean, haurtzarotik kudeaketa emozionala lantzea ezinbestekoa da. Lan honen helburu nagusia Haur Hezkuntzako hezitzaileek kudeaketa emozionalari ematen dioten garrantzia eta trataera aztertzea zen. Horretarako, Haur Hezkuntzako jardunean dauden irakasleei zuzenduta zegoen galdesorta bat sortu zen. Emaitzak orokorrean positiboak izan ziren alderdi emozionalari ematen zaion garrantziari dagokionez, nahiz eta kudeaketa emozionala maila praktikoan lantzeko unean zenbait gabezia identifikatu ahal izan ziren. Halaber, emaitzek eta haietatik ateratako ondorioek etorkizuneko ikerketei atea irekita uzten diete gai honetan sakontzen jarraitzeko eta hezitzaileek euren ikasgelako praktikari buruz hausnartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53961,2021-11-22,"The multicomponent or high entropy alloy concept emerged in 2004 with the publication of the studies carried out by B. Cantor in the United Kingdom and J. W. Yeh in Taiwan. Researchers designed alloys with at least five elements in equimolar proportions, and instead of the expected complex structures with numerous intermetallic phases, they obtained monophasic structures. A new philosophy began then in the design of metallic alloys, which has evolved to include alloys with at least 3 elements, where the condition of equimolarity is not strictly met and in which certain intermetallic phases can be intentionally precipitated. The material analyzed in this master's thesis, the alloy Al58Zn28Mg6Si8, is precisely among the latter. The characterization of said alloy is part of a project financed by the Basque Government (Elkartek program) for the design and manufacture of multicomponent alloys on a semi-industrial scale, in which several research institutes and universities collaborate. The preliminary tests carried out determined the need to know and understand the structural changes that take place in the alloy with temperature. These studies are necessary from the point of view of their properties, potential applications and transformation processes. In the present work, the analysis of the X-ray diffraction patterns at different temperatures of the cast Al58Zn28Mg6Si8 alloy was carried out. Samples had been prepared in different thermal conditions: as cast, slowly cooled from 280 and 360ºC and water quenched from 280, 310, 360 and 380°C down to room temperature. Diffractograms have been indexed with the PDF-4+ database and the EVA 2 program allowed us to observe the evolution of the phases with temperature. Finally, in the most interesting cases, the profile (Le Bail method) and structure (Rietveld method) were adjusted with the FullProf software. The results from the diffraction patterns were compared and complemented with preliminary SEM analysis, DSC curves and FactSage simulations. The results show a complex alloy, whose microstructure is strongly dependent on the thermal history. Thus, the different simulations carried out with FactSage are only indicative. Thanks to diffraction tests, it was possible to analyze the evolution of the phases with temperature and determine several of the transformations detected by calorimetry (DSC). In addition, two initially unforeseen phases were identified: a cubic phase that appears even at room temperature and it is believed to be a metastable aluminum phase rich in zinc, and the compound SrZn13, which would come from the strontium added to the alloy to modify the silicon phases and is stable only in a certain temperature range. In short, the study of microstructural evolution has opened the door to the design of heat treatments to suit the processability and the physical and chemical properties of the material.","Osagai anitzeko edo goi-entropiako aleazioen kontzeptua 2004an sortu zen, B. Cantorrek Erresuma Batuan eta J. W. Yehek Taiwanen aurreko hamarkadetan hasitako azterketen argitalpenekin. Ikertzaileek gutxienez bost elementu proportzio ekimolarretan zeuzkaten aleazioak diseinatu zituzten, eta espero ziren metalarteko fase ugariko egitura konplexuak topatu beharrean, egitura monofasikoak lortu zituzten. Hala, aleazio metalikoen diseinuaren filosofia berria hasten da eta garatu ahala, hasierako baldintza hoiek erlaxatuz joan dira, hiru elementutik gorako aleazioak, non ekimolaritate baldintza zorrozki betetzen ez den eta non metalarteko fase zehazki batzuk nahita prezipitatzen diren ere kontuan hartuz. Master amaierako lan honetan aztertutako materiala, Al58Zn28Mg6Si8 aleazioa, azken hauen artean dago. Aleazio honen karakterizazioa Eusko Jaurlaritzak finantzatutako proiektu baten atal bat da (Elkartek programa). Proiektu horren helburua osagai anitzeko aleazioak diseinatu eta eskala erdi-indutrialean fabrikatzea da eta hainbat zentro teknologikok eta unibertsitatek parte hartzen dute. Aurretiko saiakuntzek erakutsi zuten arabera, beharrezkoa zen tenperaturarekin aleazioan gertatzen diren egitura-aldaketak ezagutzea eta ulertzea. Azterketa hauek beharrezkoak dira propietateen, aplikazio potentzialen eta transformazio-prozesuen ikuspegitik. Lan honetan, tenperatura desberdinetan egindako X izpien difrakzio-diagramak aztertu dira, aleazioa, Al58Zn28Mg6Si8 galdatua, baldintza termiko desberdinetan prestatuta zegoela: galdatu berria, 280 eta 360ºC-tik poliki-poliki hoztuta eta 280, 310, 360 eta 380º C-tik giro-tenperaturaraino uretan tenplatuta. Difraktogramak PDF-4+ datu-basearekin alderatuz indexatu dira, eta EVA 2 programarekin faseek tenperaturarekin izan duten bilakaera ikusteko aukera izan dugu. Azkenik, interes handieneko kasuetan, profilaren eta egituraren doikuntzak burutu dira Le Bail eta Rietveld metodoekin, hurrenez urren. Difrakzio-diagrametatik lortutako emaitzak aurretik egindako EME saiakuntza, kalorimetria kurba eta FactSagekin egindako simulazioekin alderatu eta osatu dira. Emaitzen arabera aleazio konplexua dugu eta haren mikroegiturak historia termikoarekiko daukan mendekotasuna handia da. Hala, FactSagerekin egindako simulazioak gutxi gorabeherakoak baino ez dira. Difrakzio-saiakuntzei esker, faseek tenperaturarekin duten bilakaera aztertu ahal izan da, eta kalorimetria (DSC) bidez atzemandako transformazioetako batzuk zehaztu. Gainera, hasieran aurreikusitako baino bi fase gehiago identifikatu dira: fase kubikoa, giro-tenperaturan ere agertzen dena eta zink-ez aberatsa den aluminiozko fase metaegonkor bat izatea proposatzen dena, eta SrZn13 konposatua, silizio faseak aldatzeko aleazioari erantsitako estrontziotik datorrena eta tenperatura-tarte jakin batzuetan bakarrik egonkorra dena. Laburbilduz, mikroegituraren bilakaeraren azterketak tratamendu termikoak diseinatzeko aukera eman du, materialaren prozesagarritasuna eta propietate fisiko eta kimikoak egokitu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42062,2020-03-10,"The first free games and, therefore, the first experiences that children carry on take place in playgrounds. Letting that be, is absolutely essential that pre-school education playgrounds' organization be adequate; such that, while covering the kids' necessities, inclusivity is inspired. Nowadays, the central part in playgrounds is covered by sports pitches, leaving limited options for children. Hence, this Bachelor Final Tesis' aim is to observe the attitudes that take place in Luis Elejalde- Rogelia de Álvaro school´s playgrounds, which is located in Vitoria-Gasteiz; and, from that point, to propose several changes and improvements. To do so, a research is going to be carried away with the utilization of two register tables and a sistematic observation. Once the results are obteined and see boys and girls play in totally different places, some conclusions will be reached considering the importance of sport and the education system","Umeen lehen urteetan eskolako patioetan ematen dira jolas askeenak eta ondorioz esperientzia gehienak. Hori horrela, ezinbestekoa da Haur Hezkuntzako jolastokiek antolaketa egokia izatea, umeen beharrak asetzen dituzten bitartean inklusibitatea sustatzeko. Gaur egungo jolastoki gehienen erdigunea kirol-kantxak izanda, kolokan geratzen dira ikasleek bertan izan beharreko aukera guztiak. Hortaz, gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, Gasteizen kokatuta dagoen Luis Elejalde- Rogelia de Álvaro ikastetxeko bi patioetan ematen diren jarrerak behatzea, eta horietatik aldaketak eta hobekuntzak proposatzea da. Horretarako, bi erregistro-taula eta behaketa sistematiko baten laguntzaz, ikerketa bat eramango da aurrera. Honen emaitzak lortuta, eta neskek eta mutilek guztiz bananduta jolasten dutela ikusita, kirolek eta hezkuntza-sistemek daukaten garrantziaren inguruan ondorioztatuko da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24406,2016-06,"The aim of this work is to analyse the fatigue behaviour of different CAD models using a Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) software, simultaneously making a guide of this software when performing a fatigue analysis.","Lan honen helburua CAD modelo desberdinen nekea analizatzea da Ordenagailuz Lagundutako Ingeniaritza (CAE) programa baten bitartez, eta aldi berean programa honen gidaliburu bat egitea neke analisi bat burutzerakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/7987,2008,"Throughout these pages, the equality or otherwise of women compared to men is analysed, with reference to the control established under penal laws when sentencing women to such rigorous punishments as flogging, banishment or hanging and to that (informal) control exercised by the family, repressing behaviour considered illicit and independently of public tribunals.","Lan honetan hainbat egoeraren aurrean emakumeen eta gizonen artean dagoen berdintasuna edo desberdintasuna aztertzen da; alde batetik, jipoiak, erbestea edo urkabea izan daitezkeen zigor gogorrak ezartzerakoan justiziaren kontrol formalizatuaren aurrean, eta, bestetik, justizia-epaitegi publikoetatik kanpo, legezkanpokotzat jotako portaerak erreprimitzeko familiak ezartzen duen kontrol ez-formalaren aurrean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60261,2023-03-06,"In this Final Degree Project an intervention related to the Service-Learning methodology has been created. In which children from an association are offered an inclusive physical activity service, with the aim of responding to their needs. To offer the service, the association was first contacted and explained their need. After discussion, it was agreed that it would be a service based on cooperative games, with which they would carry out physical activity and foster relationships among themselves. At the same time, it will be activities that guarantee inclusion, since there are 10 children with different disabilities. A design and/or planning for 7 sessions has been created. In them, different objectives are sought with the students: cooperate, promote respect, create a close relationship, ensure coexistence... By using the Service Learning methodology, the people who have carried out the activities also acquire a learning experience. The role of teacher/guide/educator is assumed and different knowledge is obtained that will be useful in the future as educators: how to resolve conflicts, the ability to improvise, the management of the children's feelings, etc . After each session, information about the class is collected (how the class went, feelings, events, discussions, anecdotes...). Then, the results are compared with the objectives that were created at the beginning. In other words, as much information as possible is collected using different tools and then analyzed and compared with the objectives created at the beginning. Finally, conclusions are drawn from the service, such as that through the cooperative games a good coexistence has been developed. In which, the students have worked as a team, they respect and accept each other, they create close bonds and are based on having communication. In addition, through these activities they have worked on multiple motor skills and abilities. Finally, new teaching skills have been developed through the Service-Learning methodology. Therefore, we can say that this work has fulfilled its objectives, in addition to having a nice experience","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Ikaskuntza Zerbitzua metodologiarekin lotura duen esku hartze bat sortu egin da. Jarduera fisiko inklusiboari buruz zerbitzu bat eskaini da entitate bateko haurrei, haien beharrari erantzuteko asmoarekin. Zerbitzua eskaintzeko, elkartearekin kontaktuan jarri izan gara eta haien beharrak azaldu dizkigute. Adostasuna lortu ondoren, jolas kooperatiboetan oinarritutako zerbitzua egitea adostu da, jarduera fisikoa gauzatzeko eta haien arteko harremanak sustatzeko. Inklusioa bermatzen dituzten jarduerak egin dira, ezgaitasunak dituzten 10 haurrekin. Zerbitzuaren diseinua edota plangintza sortu dugu, 7 saio aurrera eramateko. Haietan ikasleekin hainbat helburu lortzea bilatzen da: kooperazioan aritzea, errespetua sustatzea, harreman estua sortzea, elkarbizitza bermatzea… Ikaskuntza Zerbitzua izanik, jarduerak eraman duten pertsonak ere ikaskuntza bat bereganatu dute. Irakaslearen/gidariaren/hezitzailearen papera hartu dugu eta etorkizunean erabilgarria izango diren ezagutzak lortu ditugu: gatazkak nola konpondu, inprobizazio gaitasuna, haurren sentimenduen kudeaketa… Saioetan egin duguna eta gertatu egin den guztia egunerokoetan bildu dira. Ondoren, hasieratik sortu genituen helburuak bete diren ikusteko eta informazioa guztia analizatzeko. Hainbat emaitza eta ondorio atera dira, zeinetan jolas kooperatiboen bitartez elkarbizitza garatzen den. Ikasleen artean lan egiten dute, errespetua eta onarpena lantzen dute, harreman estuak sortzen dira eta komunikazioa bultzatzen da. Gainera, jarduera horien bitartez gaitasun eta trebetasun motor anitzak landu egiten dira. Bukatzeko, irakasle moduan beste trebetasun batzuk eskuratzen egin dira ikaskuntza zerbitzuaren bitartez. Beraz, metodologiaren helburu nagusia bete dela esan dezakegu, esperientzia polit bat izateaz aparte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29250,2018-10-23,"The purpose of this Final Degree P roject has been to recreate in scale the Suspension B ridge of Bis cay by using mainly the Lego Mindstorms kit. The work has included a previous design, the construction of the bridge and its respective control. The previous design has been carried out by AutoDeskFusion 360 software. As far as the construction is concerned, diverse elements have been used , including pieces of Lego, Tetrix bars and additional material s . In order to control the bridge, programming has been carried out by Bric x Command Centre software , using NXC, a programming language similar to C with minor modifications.","Gradu AmaierakoL an honen helburua Bizkaiko Zubiaren funtzionamendua islatzea izan da, batik bat Lego Mindstroma kit-aren laguntzaren bidez. Lanaren osotasunean hiru zati nagusitan banatu da: aurretiko diseinua, maketaren eraikuntza eta zubia beraren kontrola. Aurretiko diseinua aurrera eramateko AutoDeskFusion 360 softwarea erabili da. Eraikuntzari dagokionez, elementu erabiliak hainbat izan dira, hala nola Lego piezak, Tetrix-ko barrak eta eskulanetarako hainbat material gehigarri. Kontrola BricxCommand Center softwarearen bidez eraman da, NXC programazioa erabiliz, C programazio lengoaiaren antzeko programazioa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72692,2025-02-13,"The use of plastic products has considerably increased during the past few years due to the numerous advantages such as easy processing or the low density of the materials, which makes them useful in a large list of applications. However, this fast growth has created one of the most important environmental problems existing nowadays, as emissions derived from the manufacturing and subsequent degradation of plastic products and their accumulation, threatens the fauna and flora of ecosystems, so as humanity. For this reason, it has become imperative to search for an alternative able to revert the critical situation in which the planet is involved. Among all the options proposed, bioplastics turned out to be one of the most promising ones. In this work, computer aided design (CAD) and life cycle analysis (LCA) methodologies are implemented for the fabrication of agricultural and fishing devices and the analysis of the environmental impacts that the manufacturing of this products generate, according to the standard ISO 14040:2006. To do so, additive manufacturing combined with different types of bioplastics are being selected: polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and a blend of both (PLA-PHB).","Plastikozko produktuen erabilerak hazkunde handia izan du azken urteotan, eskaintzen dituzten abantaila ugariengatik, hala nola, prozesatzeko erraztasunagatik eta materialen dentsitate baxuagatik. Horrek, aplikazio zerrenda luze batean erabilgarriak egiten ditu produktu hauek. Hala ere, honek, mende honetako ingurumen-arazo garrantzitsuenetako bat sortu du. Plastikoen fabrikaziotik eta ondorengo narriaduratik isurtzeak, eta honen metaketak larriki mehatxatzen baitute fauna eta flota, baita ere gizatasuna. Hori dela eta, ezinbestekoa bihurtu da planetak bizi duen egoera kritikoari buelta emateko gai diren alternatibak bilatzea. Alternatiba guztienartean,plastikobiodegradagarriakerabiltzeaesperantzagarriena da. Lan honetan, ordenagailuz lagundutako diseinua eta bizi-zikloaren analisiaren metodologiak erabiliko dira itsas eta nekazaritza sektorearen prototipoak fabrikatzeko eta hauen inpaktuen analisia egiteko ISO 14040:2006 arauaren arabera. Prototipoak lortzeko, 3D inprimaketa teknika aukeratu da, konbinatuta polimero biodegradagarri mota ezberdinekin: azido polilaktikoa (PLA), polihidroxibutiratoa (PHB) eta bien arteko nahasketa bat (PLA-PHB)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60004,2023-02-20,"Considering that the aim of the education system is to achieve inclusion, it is essential to offer the necessary support to all pupils. In fact, inclusion pays special attention to students who may be in a situation of higher risk of exclusion; among them, students with High Capacities. These students often have difficulties and obstacles to fulfill their development and learning process. Therefore, through the case study, the most useful educational practices for High Capacities pupil have been analyzed. In order to do this, the voices of the participants were used to analyse the detection process, the learning process, the educational practices, the collaboration between the different agents and the formation that teachers have received. In addition, a reflection has been made on the responsibility that the agents of this pupil´s context must assume.","Hezkuntza-sistemaren helburua inklusioa bideratzea dela kontuan hartuta, ikasle guztiei behar duten laguntza eskaintzea ezinbestekoa da. Hain zuzen ere, inklusioak bazterkeria-arrisku handiagoko egoeran egon daitezkeen ikasleei arreta berezia jartzen die; hauen artean, Adimen Gaitasun Handiko (AGH) ikasleak. Askotan zailtasun eta oztopoak aurkitzen dituzte haien garapena eta ikaskuntza prozesua betetzeko garaian. Hori dela eta, lan honetan, AGHko ikasle baten hezkuntza prozesua bideratzeko orduan, hezkuntza praktika lagungarrienak zeintzuk diren aztertu dira kasu azterketaren bitartez. Horretarako, partaideen ahotsak erabili dira detekzio prozesua, ikaskuntza prozesua, hezkuntza praktikak, agente ezberdinen arteko elkarlana eta profesionalek jasotzen dituzten formakuntzak aztertzeko. Hori horrela, testuinguru desberdinetako partaide guztiek hartu beharreko arduraz hausnartu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68121,2016-12-01,"It has traditionally been thought that movement of human groups across the Pyrenees would have been difficult in the Palaeolithic, although there are data contradicting this view. It may even be proposed that a Pyrenean region existed in the Palaeolithic with specific cultural traits and a series of sites, especially in the Magdalenian. The existence of routes across the central parts of the Pyrenees is not incompatible, however, with a preference for the western and eastern routes between the Iberian Peninsula and the rest of Europe. With this hypothesis, we propose to explore the western route for the movement of populations, the one that crosses the Basque Country, through different kinds of record: the location of the archaeological sites themselves, the distribution of lithic raw materials, the technocomplexes, and the similarities and differences in the cultural and subsistence behaviour of the human groups. We will retake the theoretical approach proposed at the International Meeting on Prehistorical Pyrenees (Tarascon, 2004), to check its validity, twelve years later.","Sarritan aipatu da Pirinioetako pasatzea zaila izan dela gizakientzako, Paleolitoan zehar, eta ba dira datuak hipotesi hau ezeztatzeko. Batzuk aipatu dute Pirinioetako eremu kultural bat, adierazle kultural oso espezifikoekin, bereziki Magdalen aldian. Pirinioak zeharkatzen dituzten zenbait pasabideen izatea, aldi berean, bateragarria da beste planteamenduarekin, hain zuzen ere, gizataldeek nahiago izaten dituztela Pirinioetako mendebaldeko eta ekialdeko ertzak Iberiar Penintsula eta kontinentearen arteko pasabideak bezala, erosoagoak direlako. Hipotesi hau abiapuntutzat hartuta, mendebaldeko pasabidea (Euskal Herria zeharkatzen duena) zenbait erregistro materialen arabera aztertuko dugu: aztarnategi arkeologikoen sakabanaketa, harrizko lehengaien hornidura eta gizataldeen portaera kultural eta ekonomikoen arteko aldeak eta desberdintasunak. Aspaldian, 2004ko Tarascon-sur-Ariègen izandako kongresuan egin genuen hausnarketa teoretikoa izan da gure oinarria, hamabi urte beranduago hipotesi horren baliokidetza aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53957,2021-11-22,"In this Master's Thesis a model of a hybrid plant based on renewable energies will be developed using the simulation software PowerFactory. Based on this model and the provisions of the national Grid Code, static and dynamic studies will be carried out to analyze the grid connection of the proposed installation, taking into account requirements such as power-frequency control or reactive power capacity. Through the use of real meteorological data, several cases will be raised to verify that the operation of the plant is correct in different situations.","Master Amaierako Lan honetan energia berriztagarrietan oinarritutako planta hibrido baten eredua garatuko da PowerFactory simulazio softwarearen bidez. Eredu horretan oinarrituta eta Sare Kode nazionalean ezarritakoa betez, erregimen estatikoa eta dinamikoa kontuan hartuta, zenbait simulazio egingo dira. Simulazioen bidez, planteatutako instalazioa sarerako konexioa aztertuko da, zenbait baldintza kontuan hartuta, hala nola potentzia-maiztasunaren kontrola edo potentzia erreaktiboaren ahalmena. Datu meteorologiko errealak erabiliz, zenbait kasu planteatuko dira, hainbat egoeratan instalazioaren funtzionamendua egokia dela egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14374,2015-02-09,"The solar photovoltaic energy is electricity generation system that has increasingly transformed important in developed countries. In this context, Spain has always been a country that has invested it throughout their history. In recent years, however, because of the tariff deficit, the situation has changed, introducing measures to save costs which in the long run deteriorate the sector. In this work, has presented a study about photovoltaic business world. To do this, it has inquired to several companies about the situation of the sector and the prospects for growth and development within that environment. At last, it has been concluded with some of the consequences that may occur due to changes in legislation.","Eguzki energia fotoboltaikoak, herrialde garatuen artean, gero eta garrantzitsuagoa den, energia elektriko sorkuntza – sistema bat da. Testuinguru honetan, Espainiaren joera inbertsio hauekiko beti ona izan da. Hala ere, azken urteetan defizit tarifarioa dela eta, egoera hau asko aldatu da. Izan ere, lehen egiten ziren inbertsioa eta sustapen neurriak, eta ematen ziren primak okerrera egin dute. Lan honetan, ekoizpen fotoboltaikoarekin zerikusia duen empresa ehunaren gaurko egoera erakutsi nahi da. Horretarako, hainbat empresari galdeketa egin zaie, sektorearen egoerari buruzko penstamoldeak, eta hazkundeari eta garapenari buruzko iritsiak batuz. Horrela, legedia aldaketak eragin ditzakeen ondorioen bitartez amaitu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47106,2020-10-21,"ABSTRACT “In this Master’s Dissertation, inverter models and plant models will be developed in simulation softwares, such as PSS/E and PowerFactory, for the optimum control of inverters behaviour in generation plants. Stationary simulations will be carried out to verify the correct design of the plant and if it complies with the minimum reactive power capacity as established by the corresponding Network Code. The dynamic simulations will also check the correct operation of the inverter model to meet the dynamic requirements established by the Network Code.”","LABURPENA “Master Amaierako Lan honetan, inbertsore ereduak eta planta ereduak garatuko dira simulazio software-etan, hala nola PSS/E eta PowerFactory, inbertsoreek sorkuntza-instalazioetan duten portaera behar bezala kontrolatzeko. Simulazioak egingo dira erregimen iraunkorrean instalazioaren disenua egokia dela egiaztatzeko eta potentzia erreaktiboaren kapazitate minimoa betetzen dela frogatzeko, dagokion Sare Kodeak ezartzen duen bezala. Simulazio dinamikoen bitartez, ordea, inbertsore-ereduak behar bezala funtzionatzen duela ikusiko da, Sare Kodeak ezartzen dituen baldintza dinamikoak betez.""" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63396,2021-07,"This article aims to use feminist and collective literary criticism to analyze the novel Aitaren etxea by making use of the polyphony of voices and a polyhedral gaze. In this multiple crossing of looks and voices, we have first listened to the author, Karmele Jaio. Afterwards, we have carried out the geographical itinerary that accompanies this work. Finally, we have carried out a dialogic gathering with a reading group. We have transcribed and analyzed the three tools using the NVIVO 12 software. Thus, we have made use of qualitative research to approach the literary text. As a conclusion we can appreciate that this piece of research is a process of meaningful learning","Literatur kritika feminista eta kolektiboa erabiltzea dugu xede Aitaren etxea eleberria aztertzeko, ahots polifonia eta begirada poliedrikoa direla bide. Ahots nahiz behatze anitz horretan, lehenik, Karmele Jaiori entzun diogu. Bigarrenik, liburuaren sorkuntzan dagoen ibilbide geografiko esanguratsua gauzatu dugu. Azkenik, liburuaren inguruan idazlerik gabeko tertulia dialogikoa egin dugu irakurleon artean. Hiru tresnak transkribatu eta analizatu dira NVIVO12 softwarea erabiliz. Horrela, ikerketa kualitatiboaz baliatu gara literatur testuetara hurbiltzeko eta ondorio nagusi bezala esan genezake ikerketa bera irakaskuntza esanguratsura eramateko Proposamen interesgarria bilakatu dela" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/66648,2008,"This paper presents the objectives, methodology and general results of a research project of UNESCO Chair on “Sustainable Development and Environmental Education” (Code UNESCO 04/02). The purposes have been the analysis and assessment of several parameters as quality, anthropogenic effect and landscape fragility in the different visual spaces of the Biosphere Reserve of Urdaibai. With this aim a methodology has been developed that consists on the delimitation of different visual catchments, their characterization in physical, visual and structural attributes that afterwards have been turned in landscape parameters dealt with geographical information technologies. The result has been a varied landscape diagnostic according to the nowadays situation, the prognostic and the probable happening of land uses changes and the admittance capacity of each visual space that conforms Urdaibai. For the sustainability of Urdaibai the last scope of this research project has been the suggestion of some guidelines to try to keep the situation, when a positive balance, or improve the landscape diagnosis in case of not.","Artikulu honetan “Garapen Iraunkorra eta Ingurumen Hezkuntzari” buruzko Unesco Katedrak finantziatutako ikerkuntza proiektu batetako (UNESCO 04/02) helburuak, garatutako metodologia eta ondorio orokorrak aurkezten dira Bertan helburu espezifikoak Erreserbako ikus inguru ezberdinen kalitate, giza eragin eta ahultasun paisajistiko parametroen azterketa eta balioespena izan dira. Asmo honekin lan metodo hau garatu da: ikus arro ezberdinen mugaketa; fisiko, ikus eta egitura ezaugarrien bitartezko bereizketa; eta ondorioz hauen bihurketa parametro paisajistikoetan eta geografiko informazio teknologien bitartez tratatuak. Ibilbide metodologiko honek Urdaibai osatzen duten ikus inguru ezberdinen egoeraren arabera era ezberdineko diagnostiko paisajistiko bat eman du, baita pronostikoena eta lur erabilpenen aldaketen itxaropenak eta inguru bakoitzaren harrera gaitasunaren araberakoa. Urdaibaiko iraunkortasunaren onerako azken helburua, balantze positiboen kasuan kalitatea mantentzeko, edo diagnostiko paisajistikoa hain hona ez denean hobetzeko, jarraibide proposamen bat izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72617,2025-02-11,"New smart network provide innovation and development of new technologies in electrical network. However, there are electrical faults in the distribution network that cause anomalous intensities in the network, causing seious consequences. This project proposes methods for detecting different types of electrical faults. For that, theoretical basis from each method is examined, including those based on artificial inteligence. According to simulation, several methods based on artificial inteligence are studied and results are compared.After that, an electrical fault detection test is conducted with several models. Finally, a number of conclusions are presented and new ideas are proposed for improving the project in future work.","Adimendun sare berriek sare elektrikoan berrikuntza eta teknologia berrien garapena dakarte. Hala ere, banaketa-sarean akats elektrikoak gertatzen dira,sarean intentsitate anomaloak agertuz eta ondorio larriak eraginez. Proiektu hau mota desberdinetako akats elektrikoak detektatzeko proposatzen oinarritzen da. Horretarako metodo bakoitzaren oinarri teorikoa aztertzen da, adimen artifizialdun metodoak barne.Simulazioari dagokionez, adimen artifizialean oinarritzen diren metodo batzuk aztertzen dira eta emaitzak alderatzen dira. Ondoren akats elektrikoak detektatzeko froga bat garatu da eredu desberdinekin. Azkenik, proiektuaren hainbat ondorio atera dira eta proiektuak izan ditzakeen hobekuntzak proposatzen dira etorkizuneko lanetarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/11284,2013,"The present work deals with figure of the unknown painters Pedro de Arroquía(1600-1652) and his son Cosme Ignacio (1689-1740), from Gipuzkoa. Their output is mainly located in the Basque Country and La Rioja and we present some of their conserved and documented paintings, unknown up to now.","Lan hau Pedro Arrokia (1667-1738) eta Kosme Inaxio (1689-1740) bere semeari buruzkoa da. Bi margolari ezezagun hauek gipuzkoarrak ziren eta Euskadi eta Errioxan egin zuten lan. Haien bizitza eta produkzio piktorikoa aztertzen ditugu eta kontserbatu diren margo dokumentatu berriak ezagutzera ematen ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73388,2025-05-07,"In recent years, the LGTBIQA+ collective has made great strides. However, there is still a lot of work to be done in schools in Alava and the Basque Country to guarantee recognition and respect for this group, especially among the new generations who will make up our society in the future. For this reason, in this research work we are going to carry out a qualitative analysis of the treatment of the LGTBIQA+ collective in schools in Alava. In order to find out about the situation in the different schools, we will carry out a conceptual, historical and sociological review of the phenomenon. We will then try to understand the treatment given to the group in schools in Alava. Through qualitative methodology, by means of interviews with teachers from different schools and families of the group. The analysis of this information will help us to gain a deeper understanding of the reality of the schools. Moreover, to find out the challenges and eliminate barriers that the Basque Education System has to face in this area","Azkenengo urteetan, LGTBIQA+ kolektiboak aurrerapauso handiak eman ditu. Hala ere, oraindik Arabako eta Euskal Herriko eskoletan lan handia egin behar da kolektibo honekiko aintzatespena eta errespetua bermatzeko, batez ere, etorkizunean gure gizartea osatuko duten belaunaldi berrien artean. Hori dela eta, ikerketa lan honetan, Arabako eskoletan LGTBIQA+ kolektiboaren tratamenduaren analisi kualitatiboa burutuko dugu. Eskola ezberdinetan egoera zein den jakiteko helburuarekin, fenomenoaren errepaso kontzeptual, historiko eta soziologikoa egingo dugu. Ondoren, Arabako ikastetxeetan kolektiboari ematen zaion tratamendua ulertzen saiatuko gara metodologia kualitatiboaren bidez, hainbat ikastetxetako irakasleei eta kolektiboko familiei elkarrizketak eginez. Informazio horren analisiak, eskoletako errealitatea era sakonago batean ulertzeko balio izango digu. Are gehiago, gai honen inguruan euskal Hezkuntza Sistemak dituen erronkak ezagutzeko eta oztopoak ezabatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32235,2019-03-29,"ENGLISH: ABSTRACT For this project, a Ball & Beam system has been designed, assembled and produced from scratch. Although the aim of the project is to design and control previously mentioned system, it has tried to embrace as much specialities as can, in order to scope what the Industrial Technical Engineering in Electronics and Automatics degree has provided to the student. Starting from the 3D design of the parts that have been printed, followed by the acquisition of analogic signals, signal adaptation using electronic instrumentation techniques, using digital electronics, programming in high level languages, using control, regulation and automatisms concepts and trying to apply all the knowledge gotten these lasts years. In this project you will find the development of the theorical mathematical model of the Ball & Beam system, followed by its transfer function contrast with the actual real plant. Referring to the control made, a continuous controller has been designed, followed by his discreate version of it, in order to reach a optimal settling time with the minimum overshoot possible, accepting a minimal error due to the misread of the analogic distance. Keywords: Control, Raspberry Pi, rocker, Ball & Beam","EUSKERA: LABURPENA Proiektu honetan, Ball & Beam sistema bat diseinatu eta eraiki da hutsetik abiatuta. Nahiz eta proiektuaren xede nagusia sistema honen diseinua eta kontrola gauzatzea izan den, Ingeniaritza Elektronika Industrial eta Automatiko graduan lortutako konpetentziei erabiliz, beste alor batzuetan sakondu nahi izan da. Hiru dimentsiotako piezetatik hasita, seinale analogikoen eskuraketatik pasatuz, instrumentazio elektronikoaren seinalearen egokitzapenean, zirkuitu elektroniko digitalen erabileran, maila altuko lengoaiekin programazioan, erregulazio automatikoan eta automatismoen diseinuan lan egin da, azken urteotan ikasitakoari aplikazio zuzena eman nahi izan zaiolarik. Memoria honetan, Ball & Beam sistemaren modelizazio matematikoa aurkituko da, bere TF-arekin eta planta errealarekiko konparaketa batekin. Kontrolari erreparatuz, kontrolagailu bat diseinatu da sistema jarrai batentzako eta ondoren doitu egin da, erantzun denbora optimo batean egonkortu ahal izateko moduan, gainezarpen ahalik eta baxuena bilatuz eta errore txiki bat onartuz, irakurketa analogikoak emanda. Gako-hitzak: Kontrola, Raspberry Pi, balantzina, Ball & Beam" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67770,2024-05-08,"The aim of this study was to find out the main reason for studying Social Education among the students of the Faculty of Education of Bilbao (UPV/EHU) of the 2002-2021 cohorts of new entrants. The sample consisted of 611 cases, 115 (19%) men and 491 (81%) women. These motives were categorised using peers/judges as a guarantee of intersubjectivity and Schwartz's value model as a theoretical-conceptual framework. The most common values are ""Hedonism"" (20.6%), followed by ""Achievement"" (15.9%) and ""Undifferentiated"" (15.9%). Values related to the helping relationship are ""Benevolence"" (14.8%) and ""Universalism"" (12.5%). The opposite values have the lowest values: ""Power"" (1.0%), ""Tradition"" (1.2%) and ""Security"" (0.7%).","Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultateko (UPV/EHU) ikasleen 2002-2021 ikasturteko kohorte berrien Gizarte Hezkuntzako ikasketak egiteko arrazoi nagusia zein den jakin nahi izan dugu lan honetan. 611 kasu izan dira, 115 (% 19) gizon eta 491 (% 81) emakume. Arrazoi horien kategorizazioa egin da bikote/epaileen bidez, intersubjektibitatearen berme gisa, eta Schwartzen balio-eredua esparru teoriko-kontzeptual gisa. Baliorik ohikoenak ""Hedonismoa"" (% 20.6), ""Lorpena"" (% 15.9) eta ""bereizi gabea"" (% 15.9) dira. Laguntza-harremanarekin lotutako balioak “Onginahia” (% 14.8) eta Unibertsalismoa (% 12.5) dira. Balio kontrajarriek balio baxuenak dituzte: “Boterea” (% 1.0), “Tradizioa” (% 1.2) eta “Segurtasuna” (% 0.7)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27746,2011,"Reflections on the social dimension of history and historians have a long tradition. However, they are normally kept within the limits imposed by historiography. We believe that it is necessary to discuss the practical possibilities of making history´s social dimension effective. This aim is based on two claims: first, that historical knowledge can and should play a part in the transformation of society; second, that historians can be social agents with a legitimate capacity of action outside the academic field. In this article, we want to consider the immediate social milieu in which that action could take place: the city. We took Salamanca, the city in which we live and work, as a case study, in order to analyze the available and potential means for the transfer of historical knowledge and the specific areas in which historians could contribute to the social building of the city.","Historialarien garrantzi sozialaren hausnarketa luzetik dator baina, hala ere, gogoetak pentsamendu historiografikoaren esparruan mugatuta geratzen ohi dira. Hau dela eta, garrantzi sozial hori aurrera eramateko dauden aukera praktikoak eztabaidatzea beharrezkoa iruditzen zaigu. Planteamendu honek aldarrikapen bikoitza du: alde batetik, ezaguera historikoa gizartea aldatzeko tresna gisa; bestetik, lan hipotesi bezala, historialariek esparru akademikotik kanpo ere gizarte-eragiletzat jokatzeko duten ahalmena eta zilegitasuna. artikulu honen bidez, ekimen hori aurrera eramaten den eremu zuzena aztertu nahi dugu: hiria. Horretarako, lan egiten dugun eta bizi garen hiria hartu dugu aztergai: Salamanca. ezaguera historikoa transmititzeko dauden bide potentzialen inguruko azterketa egingo dugu eta era berean, historialariaren parte hartzeak hiriaren eraikuntza sozialean lagunduko lukeen esparru konkretuak izango dira aztergai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42081,2020-03-10,"The playground is a free space and time to rest and play, it is related to freedom and sports practice. But recess does not have to be a time-out, it's much more than that, it's certainly an educational space and time. The playgrounds of today have a standardized installation and follow an old model, they have no color, they hardly have any nature, they are monotonous and soccer-centered, they have a low motor participation and offer few game options; that is, they are limited. That is why the objective of this work is to question that point of view and the configuration of the playground, believing that a change is necessary and working in favor of it. There is an invasion of sport in school playgrounds, which causes gender inequalities, limitations in relationships and impoverishes the motor culture. Therefore, some criteria will be explained in order to transform the playground in a collective way and turn it into an educational space. To achieve this, it is necessary for the educational community to carry out a participatory process. Consequently, this dissertation will explain specific strategies to materialize changes from the mobility, in that way and according to researches, other problems mentioned above will be solved, getting an educational, participatory, coeducational and inclusive playground with an active mobility and a good offer for socialize, which will help the integral development of the child .","Patioa atseden hartzeko eta jolasteko espazio eta denbora librea da, askatasunarekin eta kirol praktikarekin lotu egiten dena. Baina jolastokia ez da hutsarte bat izan behar, hori baino askoz gehiago delako, espazio eta denbora hezitzailea hain zuzen ere. Gaur egungo patioek estandarizatutako instalakuntza eredu zaharkitua jarraitzen dutenez kolore gabekoak, naturatik urrun daudenak, monotonoak, parte hartze motor baxua dutenak, futbol-zentrikoak eta jolasteko aukera gutxi eskaintzen dituztenak izaten dira; hau da mugatuak daude. Beraz lan honen helburua patioaren ikuspuntua eta horren konfigurazioa kolokan jartzea da, aldaketa beharra dagoela sinetsiz eta horren alde eginez. Kirol inbasioa gertatu izan da ikastetxeetako jolastokietan, genero desberdintasunak, harremanen mugaketa eta kultura motorraren pobretzea eraginez. Horregatik, patioa hezigarriagoa bihurtzeko irizpide batzuk azaldu egingo dira, modu kolektibo batean patioa transformatu ahal izateko. Hori lortzeko beharrezkoa da hezkuntza komunitate guztiak prozesu parte-hartzailea aurrera eramatea. Ondorioz, lanean motrizitatearen eskutik eraldaketak materializatu ahal izateko estrategia zehatzak azaldu egingo dira, horiek aurrera eramanez gero eta ikerketek dioten bezala aipatu izandako bestelako arazoak konpondu egingo dira, jolasleku hezitzailea, parte-hartzailea, motorki aktiboa, sozializatzailea, hezkidetzailea eta inklusiboa lortuz, haurraren garapen integralean lagunduko duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52136,2021-06-30,"Firefighter´s performance has a direct impact on saving human lives and property. The physical aspect has been the most representative determining factors when investigating this matter, but there are other parameters that could influence it and must be taken into account. The main aim of this work is to broaden the vision of the firefighter performance through a job-specific integrative review. This may depend on many factors specific to this profession, as well as physical aptitudes, physiological stress, psychology, lesionability, health and technical-tactical factors. This point of view can help to understand more deeply the variables to take into account when acting and prepare more specifically for it. In the same way, it shows critical aspects that have direct interference with its performance that must be taken into account when organizing more detailed prevention in this profession.","Suhiltzaileen errendimenduak eragin zuzena izan dezake giza-bizitza eta hondasunak salbatzen. Alderdi fisikoa izan da mugatzaile adierazgarriena materia hau aztertzerako orduan, baina, badaude honetan eragina duten eta kotuan izan behar diren beste faktore batzuk. Lan hobeb helburua errebisio integratzaile baten bidez suhiltzaileen errendimenduaren ikuspegia zabaltzea da. Lanbide honi espezifikoak diren hainbat faktoreen araberakoa izan daiteke, hala nola, trebetasun fisikoak, estrés fisiologikoa, psikologia, lesionabilitatea, Osasuna eta faktore tekniko-taktikoak. Ikuspegi honek jarduteko orduan eta honetarako modu esfezifikoagoan prestatzeko aldagiak sakonago ulertzen lagundu dezake. Modu berean, honen errendimenduan eragin zuzena duten eta lanbide honetan prebentzio zehatzago bat antolatzerako orduan kontuan izan beharko diren alderdi kritikoak erakusten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67688,2024-05-07,"Gender stereotypes and gender related differences are still present in the subject of Physical Education. These ideas are deeply rooted in our society, and they establish how a person has to act depending on their gender. That makes schools an appropriate space to break with these ideas and work on the path of change, but they can also transmit or perpetuate those gender stereotypes. Therefore, the aim of this work is to know the existing gender stereotypes in the subject of Physical Education. For this purpose, a qualitative analysis was completed and to collect the data were to conduct interviews to a group of Physical Education teachers; from their perception it was possible to identify the different gender stereotypes. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that gender stereotypes are still part of day-to-day Physical Education classes; they can be observed in the relationships of the classroom, in the teaching processes, in the attitudes and behaviours of the students, among others. This highlights the necessity to continue working on teacher training and in awareness from a gender perspective.","Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasgaian oraindik ere genero estereotipoen presentzia dago eta generoarekin harremana duten desberdintasun handiak ematen dira. Gure gizartean oso sustraituak dauden ideia hauek, pertsona bat genero batekoa izateagatik nolakoa izan behar duen ezartzen dute. Hori horrela izanik, aintzat hartu behar da eskolak hauen hausturarako eta aldaketaren bidean ekiteko espazio paregabea direla, baina, aldi berean, genero estereotipoak trasmititu edo iraunarazi ahal dituena ere. Beraz, lan honen helburua Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasgaian dauden genero estereotipoak zeintzuk diren ezagutzea da. Horretarako, analisi kualitatibo bat egin da, eta datuak biltzeko Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasle talde bati elkarrizketak egin zaizkie; haien pertzepziotik genero estereotipo desberdinen berri jakin da. Lortutako emaitzetatik, ondorioztatu daiteke oraindik ere genero estereotipoak Gorputz Hezkuntzako klaseen egunerokotasunaren parte direla; ikasgelan ematen diren harremanetan, irakaskuntza prozesuetan eta ikasleen jarreran eta jokabideetan ikus daitezke, besteak beste. Gauzak horrela, agerian geratzen da genero ikuspegitik irakasleen prestakuntzan eta sentsibilizazioan lan egiten jarraitzeko beharra." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14628,2015-02-26,"It was one year ago when the much talk‐about real decree entered into force, requiring the energy certification of the houses for sale or rent. This project contextualized that law with the European energy objectives established for 2020, delving deeper into the certification methodology and underlining its importance in order to achieve the mentioned objectives. Basically, the project has two main parts. In the first part, the most extensive one, a house is been energetically qualified, obtaining the worst possible score, expressed with the letter G. In the second part, the feasibility of possible actions to improve the energy efficiency of the evaluated home is been analyzed. The letter E grade can be fairly straightforward achieved, with acceptable payback. Furthermore, it is even possible to obtain a letter C rating, implementing more than just one measure simultaneously; however, the payback would be greater.","Komunikabideetan hainbesteko oihartzuna izan zuen eta saldu edo alokatutako etxebizitzak energia eraginkortasunaren ziurtagiria izatera derrigortzen zituen dekretuak urtebete eskas bete du. Proiektu honetan aipatutako legea 2020. urterako ezarritako europar helburu energetikoak betetzeko bidean kokatu egiten da, ziurtapenerako jarraitu beharreko metodologian gehiago sakonduz eta aipaturiko helburuentzako duen garrantzia azpimarratuz. Proiektuak bi zati nagusi ditu. Lehenengo zatian, proiektuaren helburu nagusia den etxebizitza baten kalifikazio energetikoa burutzen da, G letrako kalifikaziorik baxuena lortuz. Ondoren, kalifikatutako etxebizitzaren energia eraginkortasuna hobetzeko neurri posible batzuek bideragarritasuna aztertzen da. E letra erraztasun nahikoz lor daiteke, inbertsioaren berreskuratze aldi oso onargarriekin. C letraraino igotzea ere posible da aztertutako neurriak bateratuz, baina berreskuratze aldiak handiagoak izango lirateke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17676,2016-03-16,"In the Pre-Primary Education stage, the myth plays an essential role, helping to develop the intertext of the child, which is one of the foundations of Western culture and knowing about it is vital to the understanding of numerous literary works (and even all types of art works). Moreover, it shares many features with the popular tale, which makes its incorporation into the classroom easier through the appropriate adaptations. In this paper, based on the heroic myth of Perseus and its many existing adaptations, didactic proposal, which includes an adaptation of the myth itself and a series of activities, has been done in order to make the myth interesting and accessible to every child.","Haur Hezkuntzako etapan mitoak ezinbesteko funtzioa betetzen du, umearen testuartea garatzen lagunduz, mendebaldeko kulturaren oinarrietariko bat delako, eta haren ezaguera funtsezkoa da hainbat obra literario (eta mota guztietako artistikoak ere) ezagutu ahal izateko. Gainera, herri-ipuinekin dituen antzekotasunek mitoa gelan lantzea ahalbidetzen dute, beti ere egokitzapen egokiak eginez. Lan honetan, Perseoren mito heroikoa eta haren egokitzapen literarioak oinarritzat hartuta, haurrari mitoa era ulergarri eta entretenigarri batean hurbiltzeko proposamen didaktiko bat sortu egin da, neure egokitzapen literarioa eta zenbait ariketa, barne hartzen dituelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26132,1992,"it is accomplished an analysis about drugs regulation, and the particular case of the Ley de Seguridad Ciudadana and the Basque Country legislation concerning this subject.",gaur egun nola dagoen drogariz buruzko legedia larderiatzen da eta berezkiro “Ley de Seguridad Ciudadana” eta Euskadiren arauketa hortaz ere. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24251,2017-09,"The purpose of this document is to make a small study about the grounding systems in the distribution network, and how they influence the line’s behavior under electric faults. Firstly, the grounding systems are described. Secondly, some Matlab simulations with a model are made, testing the different types of grounding systems previously mentioned. Finally, the results are compared and it is analyzed what problems and consequences they lead to, not only to the electrical power system but also to other distribution systems, such as communications or natural resources (water, etc.)","Proiektu honetan distribuzio sareetan dauden lurreko konexioei eta konexio horiek huts egiterik egotekotan sarean duten eraginari buruzko azterlan txiki bat burutuko da. Lehendabizi, lurreko konexio mota desberdinak izendatu eta aztertuko dira. Ondoren, Matlab erabiliz, zenbait hutsegite elektriko jasaten dituen distribuzio sistema patroi baten simulazioa burutuko da, aurretiaz azterturiko lurreko konexio mota desberdinak probatuz. Azkenik, sistemaren erantzun desberdinak konparatuko dira, bakoitzak potentzia sistema elektrikoan ez ezik, komunikazio sarean zein beste baliabide batzuen (ura, gasa…) distribuzio sareetan ere eragin ditzakeen arazo eta ondorioak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16476,2015-12-16,"Energy certification about the building placed at 23 2ºB Basurto-Castrejana Road, will be carried out, through the tool CE3x, provided by the Spanish Government. In addition, technical improvements to be implemented in the building will be projected in order to increase the energetic qualification; these improvements will be analyzed technically as well as economically, finally choosing the best solution.","23 2ºB Basurtu-Kastrexanako Errepideko kokatutako etxebizitzaren egiaztapen energetikoa egingo da, Espainiako Gobernuak emandako CE3x erremintaren bidez. Gainera, hobekuntza teknikoak proiektatuko dira eraikinean inplementatzeko bere kalifikazio energetikoa igotzeko, hobekuntza hauek bai teknikoki bai ekonomikoki analizatuko dira, azkenik soluzio hobezina aukeratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20876,2017-03-07,"In this paper we analyze the influence of the Protected Denomination of Origin (PDO) on the consumer. This influence will be analyzed in a theoretical and also in a practical way. In the theoretical analysis, the singularity and quality perceptions created in the consumer will be analyzed, and also the utility this distinctive has for the enterprise to create competitive advantages. In the practical analysis a survey will be done among some of the producers of the Protected Denomination of Origin Bizkaiko Txakolina in order to compare their opinions with the theory developed in the qualitative analysis. After that, some of this producers will be asked about some results in order to know their opinion.","Lan honetan, Babestutako Jatorri Deiturek (BJD) kontsumitzailearengan duten eragina aztertuko da. Eragin hau bi modutan aztertuko da, bai teorikoki eta bai praktikoki. Azterketa teorikoan, jatorriak kontsumitzailearengan eragiten dituen kalitate eta esklusibitate pertzepzioak eta baita adierazpen hauek enpresaren mesedetan abantaila konpetitiboak sortzeko duten gaitasuna aztertuko dira. Azterketa praktikoan, Bizkaiko Txakolina Babestutako Jatorri Deitura aztertuko da eta barruan dauden ekoizleei inkesta bat egingo zaie lehenik jorratutako arlo teorikoen inguruan haien iritziak ezagutzeko, eta ondoren galdera batzuk egingo zaizkie lortutako emaitzen inguruan duten iritzia ezagutzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25914,2018-03-22,"The aim of this project is to design and accomplish a mathematical intervention based on quotidian situations. So, in this project we can find the intervention´s design, the intervention and the conclusions that have resulted of it. The intervention has been accomplished in Kanpazar school in Portugalete and in a pre-school´s 5-year-old classroom with 17 students. Parties are situations which often take place at pre-school level. For this reason, the proposal that is done in this project is based on the preparation of a party and at the same time, on working out some mathematical contents and processes. While the students prepare the party, they find some problems that have to be resolved using mathematics. In general, student participation, curiosity and motivation have been higher than in other mathematical activities that have been done in the classroom. Therefore, it can be concluded that teaching mathematics in real contexts has a positive result","Lan honen helburu nagusia egunerokotasuneko egoera baten bidez, matematika lantzeko esku-hartzea diseinatzea eta aurrera eramatea da. Beraz, lan honetan esku-hartzearen diseinua, inplementazioa eta horretatik ateratako ondorioak aurki daitezke. Esku-hartzea Portugaleteko Kanpazar eskolan eraman da aurrera, haur hezkuntzako 5 urteko gelan eta 17 ikasleekin. Haur hezkuntzan, jaiak askotan sortzen diren egoerak dira. Horregatik, lan honetan egiten den proposamena jai bat prestatzean oinarritzen da eta horrekin batera, matematikako zenbait eduki eta prozedura lantzean. Jaia prestatzean, haurrak hainbat arazorekin topatzen dira, zeinei matematiken bidez erantzuna eman behar dieten. Oro har, haurren parte-hartzea, jakin-min maila eta motibazioa gelan egiten diren beste jarduera matematikoetan baino handiagoak izan dira. Hortaz, matematikak kontestu errealetan lantzeak haurren motibazioan eta parte-hartzean eragin positiboa daukala ondorioztatu daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19664,2016-11-30,"In this document is going to be calculated the residual heat of a used nuclear fuel element. Once the spent fuel is translated to the pool, the calculation of the heat that still flows from the spent fuel is going to be done. Those calculations are based on the amount and type of fuel, among other factors. It is also going to be calculated the cooling system of the pool where the spent fuel is stored. This way the accumulated heat on the pool is going to be removed from the system, according to the standars taken to maintain the security of the pool system. It also has to be mentioned that the calculation of the residual heat and its cooling is just a part of the process of the waste of spent fuel. And this is just a small part of the electric generation that comes from nuclear sources as well.","Dokumentu honetan proposatzen da aurretik gastatutako erregai nuklearraren elementu baten bero sorraren kalkulua. Gastatutako erregaia urmaelera garraiatu ondoren erregai honek igortzen duen beroaren kalkulua egingo da. Kalkulu hauek egingo dira erregai mota eta kantitatea kontutan hartuz, beste faktore batzuen artean. Gastatutako erregaia biltegiratzen duen urmaelaren errefrigerazio sistemaren kalkulua egingo da baita. Modu honetan bertan metatutako beroa disipatu egingo da, betiere instalazioaren segurtasun neurriek ezarritako estandar batzuk mantenduz eta hauek aintzat hartuz. Aipatu beharra dago gastatutako erregaiaren bero sorraren eta honen errefrigerazioaren kalkulua, erregaiaren hondakinaren prozesuaren parte bat bakarrik dela. Aldi berean hau erregai nuklearraren bidezko energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzaren parte txikia izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16445,2015-12-14,"The following End of Degree Project describes the design process of a flexible joint (also known as a flexure) which will be located in the upper part of the arm of a parallel manipulator. Because of the architecture of these mechanisms, and in order to allow the platform to describe precise trajectories, this joint needs to deform when subject to forces and moments. The result is an adequate design that maximizes the deformations of the joint whilst also guaranteeing an adequate life for the desired application and maximum stress below the material’s yield stress. All of the process is done with specialized CAE software.","Ondoren aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanak zinematika paraleloko robot bateko hanken parte izango den lotura malguko diseinua helburu du nagusi. Mekanismo hauen berezko arkitekturagatik, eta plataforma mugimendu zehatzez dohatzeko, lotura honek, hanketako goialdean kokatuta, flexio eta bihurdura ahaleginen eraginpean bere burua deformatu behar du. Lotura horren deformazioak maximizatzen dituen, hauen iraupen egokia bermatzen duen eta tentsio maximoak aukeratutako materialaren isurpen muga gainditzen ez duten diseinu egokia burutu beharko da. Hura guztia egiaztatuko da elementu mugatuen metodoaren bitartez era konputazionalean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14462,2015-02-23,"In the current industrial environment, additive manufacturing is an alternative to meet the new needs of the market, which cannot be solved by conventional fabrication techniques. Additive manufacturing (AM) represents a change in methods and industrial processes, allowing to produce elements that were impossible to make before. Its major applications are located in the medical, aerospace or automotive sector. There are numerous techniques, classified according to different views; for instance, the way through energy is supplied to the parts that are being produced. It presents numerous advantages such as the complexity of the geometry of the elements that can be manufactured. However, there are limitations such as the cost of the materials to be used. The whole design begins with the 3D CAD / CAM technology, and a wide variety of materials, both metal and plastic, can be used. Even under low standards, in the coming decades, it is expected from this technology to reach its full potential and to be commonly used in its auspicious sectors of exploitation.","Gaur egungo industria arloan, fabrikazio aditiboa aukera berri bat suposatzen du, fabrikazio teknika tradizionalen bitartez. konpondu ezin izan diren merkatuen behar berriei erantzuna emateko. Fabrikazio aditiboa (AM Adittive Manufacturing), metodo eta prosezu industrialetan aldaketa suposatu du, lehen, ezinezkoak ziren piezak gauzatzen ahalbidetuz. Bere lan eremu nagusiak, medikuntza arloa, sektore aeronautikoa eta automozio sektoreak dira. Teknika mota asko daude, irizpide ezberdinen bidez sailkatutak, adibidez energía emoteko bidea. Metodo hau, guztiz garatua ez egon arren eta limitazio nabariak eduki arren material kostuetan, abantail nabariak suposatzen ditu, adibidez fabrikatu ahal diren pieza ezberdinen geometria konplexuan. Diseinu guztia CAD/Cam 3D teknologietan du abiapuntua, eta jadanik mota ugariko materialetan fabrikatzen da, bai plastikoetan eta bai metalikoetan. Momentuz araudi laburra du, baina hurrengo hamarkadetan teknologia honen potentzialaren garapen total bat espero da eta dagokion sektoreetan bere erabilpena ohikoa bilakatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36586,2019-11-27,"This project develops a logistical reorganization analysis carried out in the productive environment of the company Edscha Santander, performing a study of Lean Manufacturing tools and the technologies of the Industry 4.0, and making a detailed analysis of systems such as the dynamic shelves, the Kanban method, geolocised wheelbarrows, the train or the Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGV). The whole project is focused on achieving a continuous improvement and an increasement of the productivity.","Proiektu honek Edscha Santander enpresaren produkzio ingurunean logistika berrantolaketa analisia garatzen du. Horretarako Lean eta 4.0 industria teknologien azterketa bat egin da, sistema batzuk zehaztasunez aztertuz, hala nola apalategi dinamikoak, Kanban, geolokalizatutako orgak, trena eta AGV. Lanak jarraikiko hobekuntza eta produktibitatearen areagotzea du helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36537,2019-11-27,"Abstract (English): This report describes the process of the balancing of a mechanism, specifically, of a four-bar linkage. The aim is to reduce or to remove inercial forces and moments which are the cause of vibrations or,even the cause of fatigue-failure. In order to solve this issue, all the coefficients which are reliant on time in the expression of the track of the centre of gravity are eliminated by the addition of counterweights so as to maintain this centre of gravity stationary. This process is carried out using Solid Edge, a software which facilitates the calculation of the position and magnitude of the aforementioned counterweights. Finally, a 3D construction of the mechanism is made to verify the results obtained analitically.","Laburpena (Euskara): Hurrengo agiri honetan, mekanismo baten orekatze prozesua azaltzen da, zehatzago esanda, kuadrilatero artikulatu batena. Helburua bibrazioak eta, kasurik txarrenean, nekearen ondoriozko makinaren hutsegitea eragiten dituzten inertzia indar eta momentuek murriztea edo ezabatzea da. Horretarako, grabitate zentroaren ibilbidean zehar denboraren menpeko koefiziente guztiak desagerrarazten dira kontrapisu batzuk sartuz, grabitate zentro hori finko mantentzeko. Prozesu hau Solid Edge programa erabiliz burutu da, aipatutako kontrapisuen posizio eta magnitudeen lorpena erraztu duelarik. Azkenik, mekanismo hori 3D inprimagailu baten bidez eraiki da eta analitikoki lortutako emaitzak egiaztatu dira mekanikoki." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36499,2019-11-27,"Abstract This Project has the aim of analyzing the main mechanism of the radial AICE (alternative internal combustion engine) and developing a 3-dimension model through CAD software, specifically, through CATIA V5. Likewise, the model developed will be assessed with ANSYS, a program which analyzes by means of the finite element method (FEM), capable of simulating the kinematic and dynamic behaviour of the device. This survey will be used to evaluate the designed mechanism based on the stress obtained as a result.","Laburpena Proiektu honek BEMA (barne errekuntzako motore alternativo) erradialaren mekanismo printzipala aztertzea eta 3 dimentsioko eredu bat CAD softwarearen laguntzaz, zehazki CATIA V5-ren laguntzaz, garatzea du helburu. Halaber, garatutako eredua ANSYS-ren bidez aztertuko da, elementu finituen metodoa (EFM) erabiltzen duen programa, mekanismoaren jokabide zinematiko eta dinamikoa simulatzeko gai dena. Azterketa hau erabilgarria izango da diseinatutuako mekanismoa ebaluatzeko emandako tentsioen emaitzetan oinarrituta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50951,2021-04-15,"People with autism spectrum disorder usually have few social skills, and poor communicative and motor performance. That is why they cannot successfully relate to others. The aim of this study is to carry out an intervention with a group of four students diagnosed with ASD, analyzing the communicative and motor capacities through the theater. Three types of methodologies were used to carry out the research: guided discovery, learning environments and problem solving. The results obtained were analyzed and taking into account the previous hypothesis of the work. In this hypothesis it is stated that theatrical practices help children with autism to work social skills, communication and motor skills. Therefore, through this work we will analyze whether the theater is effective to offer a quality educational intervention to students with ASD and achieve the proposed objectives.","Espektro autistaren nahastea duten pertsonek, oro har, gizarte-trebetasun gutxi dituzte, eta komunikazio- eta mugimendu-errendimendu txikia. Hori dela eta, ezin dute gainerakoekin arrakastaz erlazionatu. Azterlan honen helburua da antzerkiaren bitartez AEN diagnostikoa duten lau ikasleko talde batekin egindako hezkuntza esku-hartzea eta honen emaitza positiboak plazaratzea, gizarte-, komunikazio- eta motrizitate- trebetasunak hobetzeari dagokionez. Esku-hartzea aurrera eramateko hiru metodologia- mota erabili dira: aurkikuntza gidatua, irakas-giroa eta arazo-ebazpenak. Amaitutakoan, lortutako emaitzak aztertu dira, egindako aurretiko hipotesia kontuan hartuz: antzerki praktikak autismoa duten haurrentzat lagungarriak dira, gizarte-, komunikazio- eta motrizitate-trebetasunak lantzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25250,2003,"The role of mass media in the social perception of insecurity has acquired a greater relevance in the last years. The development without precedents of the society of information can constitute a breach of social harmony. So that, and starting from the distinction between “the lack of safety” and “the fear of crime”, the mediatic discourses about delinquency, the crime and the offenders profile are analyzed, emphasizing the forgetfulness of the victims. The complexity of the criminal phenomenon necessarily entails the knowledge acquisition in the matter to inform adequately about the criminal justice system, and about the emotional, human, cultural and social dimensions of the crime, the offender and the victims.","Azken urte hauetan dagoen segurtasun faltaren perzepzioan paper garrantzitsua jokatzen dute komunikabideek. Informazioaren gizarte honek sekulako garapena jasan du azken urteetan. Kasu honetan, eta segurtasuna eta delituari beldurra izatearen ezberdintasuna azaltzen da, delinkuentzia, delitua eta gaizkileen perfila aztertzen dira, biktimaren uzketa bereziki azalduz. Krimenaren fenomenoaren konplexuak justiziaren sistemaz ondo informatzeko, ezagupenak hartzera behartzen du, horrekin batera, delituaren ikuspegi emozional, gizatasun, kultural eta sozialak aztertzen dira bai gaizkilearenak baita biktimarenak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67683,2024-05-07,"Through the research work carried out, the strategies for the inclusion of immigrant students in Primary Education are analyzed. In recent decades immigration has been increasing and many of its effects have been transferred to the classroom. Faced with this situation, the school has had to face the new challenges of the inclusive school. The main objective of this work is to know from the perspective of the professionals who work in the educational system the reality that surrounds the inclusion of immigrant students in the classroom, as well as the difficulties they encounter, the barriers to their full inclusion and the proposed integration strategies. For this, three in-depth interviews have been carried out with two teachers and the school's administrative staff, with the aim of obtaining a complete and detailed vision of the perspective they have on the subject, the needs they find with these students and the educational strategies and practices that are being implemented to achieve an effective inclusion of immigrant students. According to the extracted results, it is concluded that the school community lacks knowledge and communication about support plans for immigrant students, which creates a gap between theory and practice. Despite the school's commitment to provide assistance, areas for improvement are identified, such as the need for more staff training, a closer relationship with immigrant communities, etc.","Egindako ikerketa-lanaren bidez, ikasle etorkinak Lehen Hezkuntzan sartzeko estrategiak aztertzen dira. Azken hamarkadetan inmigrazioak gora egin du eta ondorio asko ikasgeletara eraman dira. Egoera horren aurrean, eskolak aurre egin behar izan die eskola inklusiboaren erronka berriei. Lan honen helburu nagusia da, hezkuntza-sisteman lan egiten duten profesionalen ikuspegitik, ikasle etorkinak ikasgelan sartzearen inguruko errealitatea ezagutzea, baita aurkitzen dituzten zailtasunak, erabat gizarteratzeko oztopoak eta planteatutako integrazio-estrategiak ere. Horretarako, hiru elkarrizketa sakon egin zaizkie bi irakasleri eta eskolako administrariei, ikuspegi osoa eta zehatza lortzeko gaiari buruz duten ikuspegiari buruz, ikasle horiekin dituzten premiei buruz eta ikasle etorkinak benetan gizarteratzea lortzeko ezartzen ari diren hezkuntza-estrategiei eta praktikei buruz. Ateratako emaitzen arabera, ondorioztatzen da eskola-komunitateak ez duela ikasle etorkinei laguntzeko planen gaineko ezagutzarik eta komunikaziorik, eta horrek arrakala sortzen du teoriaren eta praktikaren artean. Eskolak asistentzia emateko konpromisoa hartu arren, hobekuntza-arloak identifikatzen dira, hala nola langileak gehiago gaitzeko beharra, etorkinen komunitateekin harreman estuagoa izatea, eta abar." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47008,2020-10-19,"ENGLISH: In the photovoltaic industry, solar cells are the main component for the manufacturing of solar panels, in series and / or parallel connection, to integrate the complete photovoltaic module. Solar cells can have characteristic defects, such as micro cracks, broken fingers, defective contacts between cells, cells with fissures or broken cells, which are not noticeable to the naked eye. The objective of this project is based on finding the cause of the defects of a cell in a photovoltaic module through a simple new characterization method. Methodologies will be obtained and verified to extract the electrical characteristics of solar cells that are included in solar modules with only the two electrical terminals of the module being accessible. This project achieves a powerful an efficient tool focused on the photovoltaic module maintenance sector.","EUSKERA: Industria fotovoltaikoan, eguzki-zelulak seriean edo / eta paraleloan , eguzki-panelak fabrikatzeko erabiltzen dira. Eguzki zelulek akats bereizgarriak izan ditzakete, hala nola mikro pitzadurak, hatz hautsiak, zelulen arteko kontaktu akastunak edo zelula hondatuak, begi hutsean ikusgai ez daudenak. Proiektu honen helburua, modulu fotovoltaiko zelula baten akatsak aurkitzean oinarritzen da, karakterizazio metodo berri soil baten bidez. Gainera, eguzkimoduluen barne dauden eguzki-zelulen ezaugarri elektrikoak erauzteko metodologiak lortu eta egiaztatu egingo dira. Proiektu honen bidez, modulu fotovoltaikoen mantentze-sektorea bideratutako tresna indartsu eta eraginkor bat lortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62801,2023-10-10,"A digital twin is a virtual representation of a device or process in a plant. Technologies used in modeling of digital twins allow for the virtual commissioning of a process, that consists of the offline verification of its control system through the running simulation of the digital twin along the controller code. The virtual commissioning can be performed using Software in the Loop (SiL) simulation or Hardware in the Loop (HiL). SiL simulation implies the virtualization not only of the controller but the of process as well, whereas HiL simulation only implies the virtualization of the process. In this context, this project details the virtual commissioning, using SiL simulation, of a Flowpack machine destined to a food industry production line. For this, the following software tools belonging to Mitsubishi Electric’s PLM portfolio are used: the new Digital Twin simulation tool (Gemini), the controller programming tool (GX Works3) and the HMI programming tool (GT Designer3).","Biki-digital bat gailu jakin baten edota prozesu oso baten irudikapen birtuala da. Prozesua martxan ipini daiteke era birtualean (virtual commissioning) biki-digitalak eratzeko dauden teknologiei esker; hau da, sistemaren biki-digitala eta hura menderatzen duen kontrolagailuaren kodea egiaztatu daitzeke simulazioren bidez offline. Prozesua bi era ezberdinetan jar daiteke martxan, Software in the Loop (SiL) edo Hardware in the Loop (HiL) bitartez. SiL simulazioetan prozesua eta kontrolagailua irudikatzen dira era birtualean; HiL-etan aldiz, bakarrik prozesua. Testuinguru honetan, proiektu honetan elikadura-industriarako Flowpack makina bat martxan ipini nahi da era birtualena SiL motako simulazio bitartez. Horretarako, Mitsubishi Electric empresaren PLM portfolioaren software erramintak erabiliko dira, Biki-Digitalen simulazioetarako aukeztu duten tresna berria (Gemini), kontrolagailuak programatzeko erraminta (GX Works3) eta HMI pantailak programatzeko erraminta (GT Designer3) izango dira aipagarrienak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54046,2021-11-23,"The continuous social development and technological advancement has generated a strong and growing need to develop more and more complex hardware systems, which can adjust to the characteristics of one or more systems within the industry and are capable of providing all the features that such systems require. Thanks to Field Programmable Gate Arrays devices or FPGAs, hardware designers are able to program, test, correct and expand their designs, even before being manufactured and commissioned, which in turn provides greater security and guarantee of correct operation. To facilitate the task of designers, the suppliers of these devices have not only developed various software tools through which programming and debugging of the design can be carried out, but also they have designed several development boards, on which tests and trials can be carried out, both of a hardware design and a Software design. One of the most used tools when performing such tests on FPGAs devices are the Integrated logic Analyzer, or ILA. These logic analyzers allow you to create a connection with a control system to perform the monitoring and debugging of the internal signals of the design. The connection with this control system is made through the JTAG Boundary Scan interface of the FPGA device. This serial communication interface has a short-range and requires short distances between development boards and control systems. This is a big problem within the needs of nowadays society, since it prevents designers from carrying out tests and trials remotely from anywhere in the world and also limits them in aspects such as time or resources. Based on this panorama, this project seeks to eliminate these problems by adding an Ethernet interface within an FPGA design, which can connect to the ILA debugger and collecting and transmitting the acquired data to a control system remotely. For this purpose, an analysis and investigation of the debugging tools available in the current market has been carried out, emphasizing mainly those offered by the supplier Xilinx: the debugging cores LogiCore IP ILA and LogiCore IP Debug Bridge and the software application xvcServer within the Petalinux tools. Their characteristics and limitations, functionalities, necessary configurations and requirements have been studied in order to later combine them in such a way that a simple FPGA design capable of fulfilling the need to monitor and debug the system remotely can be created. From the design obtained, three connection tests have been carried out in different environments: Direct connection through Ethernet cable, remote connection by Wi-Fi in the same local area network and remote connection through a Virtual Private Network, VPN, by Internet. Several debugging tests have been made to observe and compare the main differences of each environment, considering above all, the stability of the connection, the speed of data transmission and the different possible problems that may occur within each network.","Etengabeko garapen sozialak eta aurrerapen teknologikoak hardware sistema gero eta konplexuagoak garatzeko premia gero eta handiagoa sortu dute, industria barruko sistema berrien ezaugarrietara egokituko direnak eta sistema horiek eskatzen dituzten prestazio guztiak emateko gai izango direnak. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) gailuei esker, hardware diseinatzaileak gai dira beren diseinuak programatu, probatu, zuzendu eta zabaltzeko, fabrikatu eta martxan jarri aurretik, eta horrek, aldi berean, segurtasun eta berme handiagoa ematen du behar bezala funtzionatzeko. Diseinatzaileen lana errazteko, gailu horien hornitzaileek software-tresna bat baino gehiago garatu dituzte, eta horien bidez, diseinua programatu eta araztu daiteke. Horrez gain, hainbat garapen-plaka diseinatu dituzte, eta horien gainean egin daitezke probak eta saiakuntzak, bai hardware-diseinu zein software-diseinu batean. Proba horiek FPGAetan egiteko gehien erabiltzen diren tresnetako bat; analizatzaile logiko txertatuak edo ILA (Integrated logic Analizer) dira. Analizatzaile logiko horiei esker, konexio bat sor daiteke kontrol-sistema batekin, diseinuaren barne-seinaleak monitorizatzeko eta arazteko. Kontrol-sistema horrekiko konexioa FPGA gailuaren JTAG Boundary Scan interfazearen bidez egiten da. Serieko komunikazio-interfaze hori irismen laburrekoa da, eta garapen-plaken eta kontrol-sistemen arteko konexioak distantzia laburrak eskatzen ditu. Hori arazo handia da gaur egungo gizartearen premien barruan, diseinatzaileei munduko edozein leku urrunetik probak eta saiakuntzak egitea eragozten dielako, eta denbora eta baliabide aldetik ere mugatzen dituelako. Egoera horretatik abiatuz, proiektu honetan arazo horiek ezabatu nahi dira Ethernet interfazea gehituz FPGAko diseinu baten barruan, ILA araztegira konektatzeko eta eskuratutako datuak bildu eta urrutiko kontrol-sistema batera transmititzeko gai izan dadin. Horretarako, gaur egungo merkatuan dauden arazketa-tresnak ikertu eta aztertu dira: ezaugarriak, mugak, funtzionalitateak, beharrezko konfigurazioak, eskakizunak, eta abar. Horrela, FPGAn diseinu erraz bat sortu ahal izango da, sistema urrutitik monitorizatzeko eta arazteko beharra betetzeko gai izango dena. Lortutako diseinutik hiru konexio-proba egin dira ingurune desberdinetan: zuzeneko konexioa, Ethernet kablearen bidez; wifi bidezko urruneko konexioa, eremu lokaleko sare berean eta urruneko konexioa, Internet bidezko VPN sare baten bidez (Virtual Private Network). Proba bakoitzetik hainbat arazketa egin dira ingurune bakoitzaren desberdintasun nagusiak behatzeko eta alderatzeko, batez ere kontuan hartuta konexioaren egonkortasuna, datuak transmititzeko abiadurak eta gerta daitezkeen arazoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25624,1993,"From the view of Social Psychology studies (attribution process), the answers to a questionnaire sent to penitentiary staff are summarized and commented.",Giza-Psikologiaren irakaspidearen ikuspegitik (atribuziozko prozesua). espetxeetako langileei bidalitako galdeketari erantzunak laburtu eta aztertu egiten dira. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20874,2017-03-07,"The main objective of this essay is the study of the quality control in a process, specifically the production of brake discs, using the multivariate statistical analysis. Throughout this document the theoretical contents governing statistical quality controls are shown, in the case we are looking forward to one variable control whereas if there are more than one variables which we have to control. The relationship of how multiple variables could affect each other to the process control will be emphasized. If this phenomenon is not taken care it could be possible to think that the process is under control, because the variables of interest are suitable for the tolerance that is defined, whatever what is really happening is that the final product does not have all the required functionality. Then, because of a real company cannot provide information about averages, variances and correlations, estimation process of those variables will be introduced. This way a practical resolution could be shown Finally, conclusions of the study will be presented.","Lan honen helburu nagusia kalitatezko prozesu baten kontrola, hots, balazta diskoak fabrikatzeko prozesua, aldagai anitzeko analisi estatistikoak erabiliz. Dokumentu honen zehar kalitatearen kontrol estatistikoaren oinarri teorikoa erakusten da, aldagai bat bakarrik dagoenean eta aldagai anitz daudenean ere. Era berean, nabarmenduko da hainbat aldagaien harremanak zelan eragiten dioten prozesua kontrolatzeko. Garrantzitsua da fenomeno honen kontu izatea prozesua kontrolpean dagoela jakiteko, nahiz eta funtsezko aldagai guztiak tolerantzien barruan egon, gerta liteke bataz besteko produktua ez dela funtzionala. Geroago, zeren eta ez daukagu batez bestekoak, bariantzak eta korrelazioak eman ditzakegun enpresa estimazioa erabili behar dugu lortzeko. Horrela, aldagai anitzeko kontrolaren kasu bat erakutsi ahal izango dugu. Azkenik ikerketaren estrapolatutako emaitzak aurkeztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72636,2025-02-11,"This text contains the analysis, test data, budget and plans used for the improvement and optimisation of a test bench for biconical axles and bogies. The final objective of this Final Degree Project is to develop a test bench that facilitates the experimental study of the problem of the dynamic instability of railway axles and bogies. To this end, corrections will be made to an existing test bench belonging to the Bilbao School of Engineering of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). All these improvements, both those finally applied and those discarded, will be drafted and documented with their respective calculations and models. In order to check the efficiency of these corrections, tests will be carried out on the bench itself and an attempt will be made to improve by means of the trial and error method, documenting the process. The budget used in these improvements and the parts to improve in a near future will also be included.","Testu honek ardatz bikonikoetarako eta bogietarako saiakuntza-banku bat analizatzeko, hobetzeko eta optimizatzeko erabilitako analisiak, saiakuntza-datuak, aurrekontua eta planoak jasotzen ditu. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen azken helburua, trenbideko ardatzen eta bogien ezegonkortasun dinamikoaren arazoaren azterketa esperimentala errazteko saiakuntza-banku bat garatzea da. Horretarako, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko (UPV/EHU) Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako entsegu-banku bati zuzenketak egingo zaizkio. Hobekuntza horiek guztiak, bai azkenean aplikatu direnak, bai baztertu direnak, dagozkien kalkulu eta ereduekin idatzi eta dokumentatuko dira. Zuzenketa horien eraginkortasuna egiaztatzeko, saiakuntzak egingo dira bankuan bertan, prozesua dokumentatuz. Hobekuntza horietan erabilitako aurrekontua eta hobetzeko geratu diren puntuak ere aipatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36490,2019-11-27,"This Project is based on stablishing different communication protocols that enables the collection of data generated by an automatized system, which is controlled by a PLC. For that purpose, SIMATIC IOT2040-called device is used, which will process the generated data, for later storing in the cloud.This type of applications is getting a very high importancein the industry due to the emergence of the Industry 4.0.","Lan honen bidez, PLC-ez kontrolaturiko sistema automatizatu batek sortutako datuen eskuratzea ahalegingo da. Horretarako, SIMATIC IOT2040 deitutako gailu bat erabiliko da, komunikazio protokoloen bidez datuak era automatikoan pilatzeko eta gero hodeian gordetzeko. Aplikazio hau besalakoak garrantzi handia hartu dute industria 4.0-ren agerpenarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60872,2023-04-21,"Women are less active in leisure than men, and more so in immigrant women. The purpose of this study was to recognize the difficulties and the reasons for doing physical activity of Latin women in leisure, and to obtain information about their needs and interests. A qualitative methodology was used based on feminist views and socioecological models. Through conversational techniques, deepening interrogations, the voices of participants became known for their experience and their gaze. The results underlined the inconvenience of being a woman and an immigrant in their voices as well as the lack of time due to caring responsibilities. The main reason to be physically active was that it was their moment of freedom. They pointed out among their proposals for the future, that if they were to extend the offer of activities aimed at women and take into account their income, it would help change their lifestyle and expand their chances of being physically active. Consequently, besides the obstacles such as stereotypes ans caring responsibilities, and stereotyopes related to the body image of these women for being women, they also answered that migration policies, the looks and the diminution of others create a greater barrier to physical activity.","Aisian emakumeek gizonezkoek baino jarduera fisiko (JF) gutxiago egiten dutela jakinda eta emakume etorkinek are gutxiago, ikerketa honen helburua, Lasarte-Oriako emakume latinoamerikarrek aisian jarduera fisikoa egiteko dituzten oztopo eta arrazoiak ezagutzea izan zen, baita haien behar eta interesen inguruko informazio lortzea ere. Honetarako, ikuspegi feministak eta eredu sozioekologikoak oinarri hartuta metodologia kualitatiboa erabili zen. Elkarrizketa teknika bitartez, sakontzeko galdeketak eginez, parte-hartzaileen ahotsak, bizipen eta begirada ezagutzea lortu zen. Hauen ahotsetan JF egiteko oztopoak emakumea eta etorkina izateak dakarrenetik, zaintza ardurak dakarren denbora faltaraino. JF egiteko aukerei dagokienean, berriz, JF egiteko arrazoi nagusia askatasun unerako erabiltzen zutela izan zen. Emakumeek etorkizunera begira egindako proposamenen artean adierazi zuten, emakumeei bideratutako jardueren eskaintza zabalduko balute eta diru-sarrerak kontuan hartuko balituzte lagunduko lukeela euren bizi estiloa aldatzen eta JF egiteko aukerak zabaltzen. Ondorioz, emakume hauek emakume izateagatik dituzten zaintza ardurak eta gorputz irudiaren estereotipoen oztopoez gain, migrazio-politikek, besteen begiradek eta gutxiespenek hesi handiagoa sorrarazten dute, JF egiteko orduan eraginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53313,2021-10-08,"The aim of this project is to develop an Android application that will be integrated into the GidaBot navigation system, developed by the RSAIT research group. Through this navigation system developed by RSAIT, robots that act as guides take users to a specific destination in a building. In the current state of affairs, when any robot in the GidaBot system completes a guidance service, it always stops at the end goal. Consequently, if another user wants to use the robot, they will have to look for the robot. Therefore, a possible solution to this problem is that, at the end of the guiding work, the robots move to specific points, so that users can find the robots more easily. On the other hand, another option, and precisely the one presented in this EDP, is for the user to indicate their location to the robot, and for the robot to approach the user to finally drive him to his destination. In this sense, the application designed in this EDP and that will deal with this problem, has been called GidaBotApp, and this report will cover all the tasks carried out to be able to develop the application; from the planning of the project tasks, through the implementation of the application, to the conclusions of the work carried out.","Proiektu honen helburua, RSAIT ikerkuntza-taldeak garatutako GidaBot nabigazio-sisteman integratuko den Android aplikazio bat garatzea da. RSAITek garatutako nabigazio-sistema horren bitartez, bide-erakusle lanak egiten dituzten robot batzuek erabiltzaileak eraikin bateko helmuga zehatz batera eramaten dituzte. Egungo egoeran, GidaBot sistemako edozein robotek gida-lan bat amaitzen duenean, beti azken helburuan gelditzen da. Ondorioz, beste erabiltzaile batek robota erabili nahi izanez gero, robotaren bila jo beharko du. Beraz, arazo honen soluzio posible bat da, gida lana bukatzean robotak puntu konkretu batzuetara mugitzea, erabiltzaileek robotak errazago aurkitu ditzaten. Bestalde, beste aukera bat, eta hain zuzen GrAL honetan aurkezten dena da, erabiltzaileak robotari bere kokalekua adieraztea, eta robota erabiltzailearengana hurbiltzea, azkenik helmugara gidatzeko. Hori horrela, GrAL honetan diseinatu den — eta arazo horri aurre egingo dion — aplikazioari GidaBotApp izena eman zaio, eta memoria honetan, aplikazioa garatu ahal izateko burutu diren ataza guztiak azalduko dira; proiektuaren atazen planifikaziotik hasita, aplikazioaren inplementaziotik pasa eta proiektuaren ondorioetaraino." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13330,2014-05-27,"This Final Degree Project accomplished the design and coding of Faborez, a social app for requesting instant favors. The development has been carried out with the direct integration and cooperation of the users into de project, starting with an initial Minimum Viable Product and integrating their feedback in a continuous feature growth. The development has been made using recent technologies, all of them based on open source: MongoDB and Redis for data storage, Sails.js as the platform supporting the backend and developing both web and Android clients.","Karrera Amaierako Proiektu honek Faborez-en, berehalako faboreak eskatzeko aplikazio sozialaren, diseinu eta inplementazioa burutu du. Garapena proiektuan erabiltzaileen in- tegratze eta lankidetza zuzena eman den testuinguru batean gauzatu da, Minimum Viable Product batetik abiatuz eta beraien feeback-a zerbitzuaren ezaugarrien etengabeko handia- gotzean integratuz. Inplementaziorako teknologia berriak erabili dira, guztiak kode irekikoak: MongoDB eta Redis datuen biltegiratzeko, Sails.js backendaren euskarri nagusia izanik eta bezero modura web aplikazioa eta Android sistema eragilerako berezko aplikazioa garatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51002,2021-04-15,"The labels that the society establishes for the different stereotypes and gender roles affect the opinions, attitudes and behavior of the students. That’s why students work for equality in society in many subjects. In this way, it is important to do the same work in sports and to emphasize the thoughts and attitudes that they expose. In this End of Degree Project, we have worked with a group of Primary Education students. The process has had three phases: survey, intervention and assessment. Firstly, the students were surveyed on sexist attitudes, so that they could reflect on the stereotypes of different genders and roles in sport. Afterwards, and taking into account its results, a necessary intervention has been proposed. Finally, taking into account the evaluation tables, their work has been evalueted.","Egungo gizartean etiketatzen diren genero-rol eta estereotipoak ikasleen pentsamendu, jarrera zein iritzietan eragina dute. Horren ondorioz, ikasleek gizartean berditasuna bultzatzeko proiektu desberdinak egiten dituzte ikasgai askotan. Horiek horrela, kirol arloan ere lanketa sakon bat egin behar da, euren pentsamendu eta jarrerei arreta jarriaz. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasle batzuekin lanketa bat aurrera eraman da. Prozesuak honako pauso hauek izan ditu: galdetegia, esku-hartzea eta balorazioa. Lehenik, jarrera sexisten gaineko galdetegi bat bete dute ikasleek, hain zuzen ere, kirolean genero- eta rol- estereotipoen pentsamenduaz hausnar dezaten. Ondoren, haien emaitzak kontuan hartuta, beharrezkoa zen esku-hartze bat proposatu da. Amaieran, ebaluazio errubriken bitartez, haien lana baloratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69696,2024-10-04,"The aim of this paper is to study the new reform of civil cassation as a result of Royal Decree 5/2023. The search for procedural efficiency has led to a reform that has been called for by the doctrine, courts and litigants alike. A reform, however, which, in the interests of procedural efficiency, has led to an increase in the power of the Supreme Court and the conversion of its intervention into an extraordinary case.","Lan honen helburua 5/2023 Errege Dekretuaren ondorioz kasazio zibilaren erreforma berria aztertzea da. Eraginkortasun prozesala bilatzeak ekarri duen erreforma doktrinak, jurisdikzio-organoek eta epaigarriak eskatzen zuten. Erreforma horrek, hala ere, eraginkortasun prozesalaren mesedetan, Auzitegi Gorenaren ahalaren gorakada ekarri du, eta haren esku-hartzea ezohiko kasu bihurtu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29438,2018-10-31,"This project introduces the design and analysis of three reconfigurable parallel manipulators. The investigation will be performed with a software called GIM, which will enable the kinematic and dynamic analysis to be carried out. Furthermore, various reconfigurations will be studied for each mechanism and an application example will be implemented for one of the mechanisms. A reconfigurable parallel manipulator consists of numerous kinematic chains connected to both a fixed and mobile platform. Consequently, faster and more accurate mechanism are obtained and, in addition, the different reconfigurations allow additional possibilities to modify their structures and enable to carry out different activities to the original mechanism.","Lan honetan hiru maneiagailu paralelo birkonfiguragarriak diseinatu eta aztertu egin dira. Azterlana GIM softwarez baliatuko da. Hasieran ikerketa zinematiko eta dinamikoak egingo dira. Era berean, mekanismo bakoitzarentzako birkonfigurazio ezberdin batzuk proposatuko dira, eta aztertutako mekanismo baten aplikazio-adibide bat eratuko da. Maneiagailu paralelo birkonfiguragarriaren funtsa, kate zinematiko ugarien eta oinarri finko batekin eta beste mugikor batekiko batuketan datza. Horren ondorioz, lortzen diren mekanismoak azkarragoak eta zehatzagoak dira. Gainera, bere birkonfigurazioek aukera anitzago ematen dituzte. Haien egiturak aldatzen, jatorrizko mekanismoak egiten dituen eragin ezberdinak sortuko dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14317,2015-02-02,"In this project, different solutions of front and cover of a residential building are analyzed, looking for energy efficiency and economy. Departing from a concrete case, there are studied the thermal loads of the existing building and of two other possible solutions. In the alternatives solutions, sustainable materials are used, in order to do the minor environmental impact as possible. It has also been analyzed the profitability of these solutions, to verify which is most appropriated from an economic point of view.","Proiektu honetan, etxebizitza batentzat fatxada eta teilatu ezberdinen ebazpenak aztertzen dira, efizientzia energetikoa eta ekonomikoa bilatu asmoz. Horretarako, kasu partikular baten ikasketa egingo da, eta kasu horretaz gain beste bi ebazpen ezberdin aztertuko dira. Hauetan, material jasangarriak erabiliko dira gainera, ingurumen inpaktua ahalik eta txikiena izan dadin. Hiru aukera ezberdinen errentagarritasuna ere aztertzen da, hauek alderatu eta parte ekonomikoari begiratuz, egokiena zein den jakiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60769,2023-04-18,"This paper will be focused on a brand’s identity and how culture affects it delivery. In order to have a foundation and understand more complex topics first will be discussed what branding is and how to create value for a brand. Next the topic of brand identity will be introduced and analyse more deep elements of it, such as how to build it, international brand identity and lastly, through a case study, we will analyse how a brand changes their formal brand identity affected by different cultures.","Lan honetan kultura desberdinek marka baten identitatean zer nolako eragina eduki dezaketen aztertuko da. Lehenik eta behin, gai konplexuagoak ulertzeko, brandinga zer den eta marka batentzako balioa nola lortzen den ikusiko da. Behin hau azalduta, marka identitatearen kontzeptua eta hau nola eraiki ikusiko dugu. Gainera, honi buruzko kontzeptu zehatzagoak azalduko dira, hala nola nazioarteko marka identitatea. Amaitzeko, marka batek kultura desberdinen eraginez bere identitate formalari egiten dizkion aldaketak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29401,2018-10-30,"In this era dominated by digital technologies, industry, as in many other areas, is undergoing a process of a profound transformation, although many are not aware of it. This, has become one of the biggest challenges of today, including the industry and the society in general. The IIoT, is one of the most representative sets of technologies within this context, being essential to carry out the complete digitalization of industrial companies. As its name suggests, it is the IoT (Internet of Things) applied at the industrial level. In other words, it is the industrial application of a set of technologies that aims to provide objects with Internet connectedness, being a process/method/application that is in its initial phase and offers a great opportunity to be deepened and learn about. To get to know it in greater depth, firstly, the IIoT and the technologies that compose it have been analysed in a theoretical manner. Then, after having chosen between the technologies analysed in the theoretical part, the examples of two practical applications have been exposed. In addition, an analysis of several companies that offers IIoT services and products in the Basque Country has been conducted, obtaining substantial information about them after completing a questionnaire. Based on the research carried out, several conclusions have been drawn up, thus completing a document that aims to help companies that want to take advantage of the endless opportunities offered by the IIoT.","Teknologia digitalek agintzen duten garai honetan, gainerako arloak lez, industria ere erabateko eraldaketa ari da bizitzen, nahiz eta asko oraindik ez diren horren jakitun. Iraultza hori, aurre egin beharreko erronka nagusietako bat bilakatu da, industria mundua ez ezik gizarte osoa barne hartzen duelarik. IIoTa (Industrial Internet of Thins), industria iraultza berri hau posible egiten duen teknologia multzo adierazgarrienetakoa da, industriaren guztizko digitalizazio aurrera eramateko ezinbestekoa bilakatu dena. Bere izenak dioen lez, industria mailara aplikatutako IoT (Internet of Things) dela esan daiteke, hau da, objektuak Internet konektagarritasunaz hornitzeko helburua duten teknologia multzoen aplikazio industriala, hasierako fasean aurkitzen dena eta oraindik sakontzeko eta ikasteko aukera ikaragarriak eskaintzen dituena. Horren nondik norakoak ezagutze aldera, lehenik eta behin IIoTa orokorrean eta hura osatzen duten teknologia desberdinak aztertu dira era teorikoan. Ondoren, arlo teorikoan landutako teknologien arteko aukeraketa egin eta aplikazio praktiko biren azalpena burutu da. Horrez gain, Euskal Herriko IIoT produktu nahiz zerbitzuak eskaintzen dituzten enpresen azterketa egin da, horien inguruko informazio orokorra bildu eta galdetegi bat gauzatuz. Era horretan, hainbat ondorio atera dira, eta enpresek, IIoTak eskaintzen dituen aukera ugariak aprobetxatzeko bidean lagungarri izatea helburu duen dokumentua burutu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14378,2015-02-10,"The objective of this project is to carry out an innovative sizing of residential buildings´ inner walls, taking into account the classical walls´requirements, and being the reduction of material cuantities an important part of that sizing. For this aim, an already desinged plasterboard wall is going to be taken as a base, and in which insulation is going to be put in an optimum way, so as to mantain or even improve mechanical, thermal an fire protection requirements given by conventional walls. The choice of the type of insulation is going to be carried out through a comparison of two industrial insulations that will be defined on the next pages.","Proiektu honen helburua etxebizitzetako barne hormen dimentsionamendu berritzailearen azterketa bat egitea da, orain arte erabilitako horma klasikoen ezaugarriak mantenduz, diseinu optimoagoa lortzeko asmoa izanda, material kantitatearen murrizketa bat bilatuz. Hau burutzeko diseinatua dagoen igeltsuzko horma bat hartuko da oinarri modura eta honen moldeaketa bat eginez, eta isolatzaile industrial biren arteko konparaketa bat aurrera eroanez, berregite optimo bat sortuko da, beharrezko suaren kontrako ezaugarri mekaniko eta termikoak betetzen dituena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31779,2019-02-28,"The objective of this End of Degree Project is the analysis of the intervention of the “Programa Municipal de Educación de Calle” in the Vitoria-Gasteiz Sansomendi neighbourhood. The Sansomendi neighbourhood population is mostly gipsys. The gipsy community is a minoritarian social group that it has been socially marginalized due to the preconceptions that non-gipsy population has about them. This fact has a very negative impact on the social and individual development of the gipsy community members. The main objective of this work is to get familiar with the social intervention that the community workers carry out, having into account the interprofessional relationships, the phases of the socio-educational intervention and the strengths and weaknesses that that this plan represents. For this aim four interviews have been made, one to a community worker from the neighbourhood, another to a Gao Lacho Drom community worker, one to an IPI Sansomendi teacher and a final one to two youngsters who have taken part in the plan. It could be finally said that both community development and the horizontal relationships built around the dialog are the keys for a successful intervention.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen ikerketa objektua Vitoria-Gasteizko Sansomendi auzoko Kale Hezkuntzako Udal Programaren esku-hartzea da. Sansomendi auzoko biztanleriaren gehiengoa ijitoa da. Ijitoen komunitatea, gutxiengoen komunitate bat da, non, bere sorkuntza soziala aurreiritzietan oinarritzen den. Honek, pertsona hauen garapen indibidualean eta sozialean eragina dauka eta beraiek beraeien eskubideak bermatzeko oztopoei zein mugeei aurre egin behar diete. Lan honen helburu nagusia Kale Hezkuntzako profesionalen esku-hartze sozio-hezitzailea ezagutzea da, lanbideen arteko harremanak, esku-hartze sozio-hezitzaileen faseak eta potentzialtasunak zein zailtasunak kontuan hartuta. Horretarako, elkarrizketa batzuk egin dira, auzoko kale hezitzaileari, Gao Lacho Drom gizarte hezitzaileari, IPI Sansomendi eskolako irakasle bati eta kale hezkuntzako programan egon ziren bi gazteei. Komunitateko lana eta horizontaltasunetik eta modu dialogikoan eraikitako harremanak, esku-hartzea arrakastatsua izateko gakoak direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37157,2019-12-20,"Abstract: in this work a problem is modeled mathematically and it is solved using mathematical software. Concretely, the problem of garbage pickup route planning is tackled, as it can be modeled mathematically and solved computationally using different strategies. We define the problem, we solve it using a genetic algorithm and the efficiency of the algorithm has been measured. To do so, the first step is to apply both brute force and genetic algorithm to the short dimension matrix. When the efficiency of the genetic algorithm is proven, the method is applied on another matrix with greater dimension, trying to get an optimum result for the route.","Labaurpena: lan honetan problema baten eredu matematikoa sortu da eta konputazio teknikak erabilita ebatzi da. Zehazki, Sopelako hondakinen bilketa egiteko jarraitzen diren ibilbideak aztertu dira eta horietako batzuen optimizazioa ikertu da. Problema definitu ondoren algoritmo genetikoa erabilita ebatzi da algoritmoaren eraginkortasuna neurtuz. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, dimentsio txikiko matrizearekin algoritmo genetikoa eta indar basatian oinarritutako kalkuluak egin dira. Emaitzei esker algoritmo genetikoaren eraginkortasuna egiaztatuta dagoenean, dimentsio handiagoko matrizean algoritmo genetikoa aplikatu da, honen ibilbide optimoaren lortzen saiatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14401,2015-02-12,"This project is about the development of core in a FPGA to get, thanks to a GPS module, a precise time reference, required for a master PTP (IEEE-1588) computer, at low cost and with Grand Master quality.","Proiektu honek FPGA batean core bat garatzea du helburu, modulo GPS bati esker, PTP master (IEEE-1588) ekipo batentzat beharrezkoa den kostu baxuko eta Grand Master kalitatea duen denbora erreferentzia zehatza lor dadin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47014,2020-10-19,"In the context of the growing demand for the development of renewable energies and the need to diversify it, this work aims to propose the improvement of a Wells turbine. For this, the conditions of its operation at the Mutriku wave power plant have been taken into account. A study of aerodynamic profiles will be carried out using computational fluid mechanics (CFD) tools, from which it is expected to obtain an airfoil proposal that, under the given operating conditions, represents a considerable improvement. The importance of a computational analysis to find solutions to real problems is being more evident, both in the academic and industrial domains. The results obtained can be both indicative and complementary, thus becoming a practical tool for understanding certain phenomena in detail.","Energia berriztagarrien garapenaren eskaera gero eta handiagoa denez gero, eta, garapen hori dibertsifikatzeko beharra dela-eta, lan honek Wells turbinaren hobekuntza aurkeztea du helburu. Horretarako, Mutrikuko olatu zentralean duen funtzionamendua hartu da kontuan. Profil aerodinamikoen azterketa egiteko fluidoen mekanika konputazionalaren (CFD) tresnen erabilpena egingo da, eta, funtzionamendu baldintzetan hobekuntza nabarmena suposatuko duen profil proposamena lortzea aurreikusten da. Benetako arazoei irtenbideak bilatzeko azterketa konputazionalak duen garrantzia gero eta nabarmenagoa da arlo akademikoan, baita industria-arloan ere. Lortutako emaitzak adierazgarriak izateaz gain, osagarriak ere izan daitezke; horiek zenbait fenomeno zehaztasun handiz ulertzeko tresna praktiko bikain gisa har ditzakegu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50180,2021-02-12,"Emotional development is an essential element to achieve the full development of the individual. People with ASD, especially, tend to show difficulties in the field of emotional competencies. Because of this, and having in mind the huge beneficial use of the TIC with the students that have SEN, and the positive teaching impact of the children’s stories, this final paper of the degree has been created, which has the objective of creating a proposal of educative intervention where a tool for the emotional self-regulation is offered. The didactic material that had been created is a serie of digital stories, this tool is adapted to the special needs of students that have ASD to facilitate their inclusion.","Garapen emozionala pertsonaren garapen integrala lortzeko ezinbesteko osagaia da. AEN duten pertsonek, bereziki, gaitasun emozionalen eremuan zailtasunak aurkezten dituzte. Horregatik, eta IKTek HPBak dituzten ikaslegeoarengan duten onura handia, eta ipuinek duten hezkuntza eragin onuragarria kontuan izanda, sortzen da gradu amaierako lan hau, zeinen helburua proposamen didaktiko bat sortzea den, non autoerregulazio emozionalarentzako tresna bat eskaintzen den. Sortutako material didaktikoa ipuin-sail digital bat da, TEA duten ikasleek dituzten hezkuntza premiei egokituta dagoena haien inklusioa bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63250,2023-11-30,"The growth of electric mobility has generated an increasing demand for accessible and efficient charging points in urban areas and roads. In this sense, electric vehicle charging pavements, also called eRoads, offer an opportunity to integrate electric vehicle charging infrastructure in an unobtrusive and efficient manner, minimizing the need for separate charging structures. Throughout this study, we address both the more general characteristics of these roads, as well as some of the technical challenges of this integration, taking, as far as possible, references from studies with real data from simulations and experimental analysis.","Mugikortasun elektrikoaren hazkundeak gero eta karga-puntu irisgarri eta eraginkor gehiago eskatzen ditu hiriguneetan eta errepideetan. Alde horretatik, ibilgailu elektrikoak kargatzeko errrepideak, eRoad izenekoek, ibilgailu elektrikoak kargatzeko azpiegitura modu diskretu eta eraginkorrean integratzeko aukera ematen dute, karga-egitura independenteen beharra minimizatuz. Ikerketa honetan zehar, errepide horien ezaugarri orokorrenetatik, integrazioaren erronka teknikoetara helduko da, eta, ahal den neurrian, simulazioen eta analisi esperimentalen datu errealak dituzten azterketen erreferentziak hartuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51048,2021-04-16,"During the management of a landfill, some gases are generated as a product of the decomposition of the organic matter present in the waste. The landfill gas consists mainly of methane and carbon dioxide, both greenhouse gases (GHGs). Methane can be used as fuel source for heat and electricity generation. However, to meet the quality requirements for the incorporation into the natural gas distribution network, it must be subjected to a purification process (upgrading). A large amount of carbon dioxide is generated during the purification process due to its high concentration in landfill gas (approximately 33% in volume). These days, with the increasingly restrictive GHG emissions policies, a proper management of these gases has become crucial.This work explores different alternatives for the recovery of carbon dioxide generated in the biomethane upgrading step, including the most promising processes and their most relevant characteristics. After selecting the best alternative, a technical study will be caried out for its implementation and both the operating conditions and the cost of the project will be provided.","Zabortegi bat kudeatzean, hondakinetan dagoen materia organikoaren deskonposizioaren ondoriozko gasak sortzen dira. Zabortegiko gas hori batez ere metanoz eta karbono dioxidoz osatuta dago, biak berotegi-efektuko gasak (BEG). Metanoa, beroa eta elektrizitatea sortzeko erregai gisa erabil daiteke; hala ere, eskatutako baldintzak betetzeko eta gas naturala banatzeko sarean sartu ahal izateko, arazketa-prozesu bat egin behar zaio (upgrading).Purifikazio-prozesuan zehar karbono dioxido asko sortzen da, zabortegiko gasean dagoen konposatu honen kontzentrazio handiaren ondorioz (% 33 inguru). Gaur egun, emisio-mugekiko politika gero eta murriztaileagoa denez, BEG isuriak behar bezala kudeatzea funtsezkoa da.Lan honetan, biometanoaren upgrading prozesuan sortutako karbono dioxidoa balorizatzeko aukerak aztertzen dira, etorkizun handieneko prozesuak eta prozesu horietako bakoitzaren ezaugarri garrantzitsuenak barne. Aukerarik onena hautatu ondoren, azterketa tekniko bat egingo da hura ezartzeko, eta prozesuaren baldintzak eta instalazioaren kostuak ebaluatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73081,2025-03-31,"Challenge-Based Learning (CBL) is an active methodology that engages students in solving real-world problems, fostering their ability to analyze, diagnose, and propose creative solutions. In this context, students will conduct an analysis and diagnosis of a municipality, developing a territorial planning proposal that integrates sustainability and climate change adaptation criteria. This practical approach, inspired by initiatives such as ¡Nosotros Proponemos! and programs like the School Agenda 21 (recently integrated into frameworks such as the Basque Government’s Ikasgelas Agenda 2030), aims to connect learning with social reality by involving local stakeholders (municipalities, technicians, society) to ensure student proposals transcend the classroom and can be implemented. To enrich the experience, final projects will be shared with the municipalities analyzed, promoting their presentation in public sessions or technical conferences (e.g., Local Sustainability Forums). This not only motivates students by validating their work but also contributes to updating tools like General Urban Planning Plans (PGOU), many of which in the Basque Country require revisions to address climate challenges and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, participation in events such as Climate Change Week or university project competitions will be explored to amplify the impact and visibility of the proposals.","Erronketan oinarritutako hezkuntza (EBR) metodologia aktiboa da, non ikasleak erronka errealen aurrean jartzen dira, haien analizatzeko, diagnostikatzeko eta irtenbide sortzaileak proposatzeko gaitasuna sustatzen den. Testuinguru honetan, ikasleek udalerri baten analisia eta diagnostikoa egingo dute, lurralde-antolaketarako proposamen bat osatuz, jasangarritasuneko eta klima-aldaketara egokitzeko irizpideak barnebiltzen dituena. Praktika honen inspirazioa ¡Nosotros proponemos! bezalako ekimenetatik eta Agenda 21 Eskolarako programetatik dator (duela gutxi arte Ikasgelas Agenda 2030 (Eusko Jaurlaritza) bezalako markoetan integratuta egon zirenak). Helburua ikaskuntza errealitate sozialarekin lotzea da, aktore lokalak (udaletxeak, teknikariak, gizartea) inplikatuz, ikasleen proposamenek ikasgela gainditu eta praktikan jar daitezen. Esperientzia aberasteko, azken lanak aztertutako udalerrietako udaletxekin partekatuko dira, eta sesio publikoetan edo jardunaldi teknikoetan aurkeztea bultzatuko da (adib. Lurralde Jasangarritasuneko Foroak). Horrek ez du ikasleak baino motibatzen haien lana baloratua ikusteak, baita PGOUk (Hiri Antolaketarako Plan Orokorrak) bezalako tresnak eguneratzen laguntzen du ere, Euskadin klima-erronken eta Garapen Jasangarrerako Helburuen (GJH) aurrean eguneratze-beharra dutelako. Gainera, parte-hartzea aztertuko da Klima Aldaketaren Astea bezalako ekitaldietan edo unibertsitate-proiektuen lehiaketetan, proposamenen eragina eta ikusgarritasuna handituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53997,2021-11-23,"The present work has been carried out in the Asymmetric Catalysis Research group of the Department of Organic Chemistry I under the supervision of Dr. Aitor Landa Álvarez. The purpose of this study is the stereoselective synthesis of quaternary a,a-disubstituted a-amino acids through the asymmetic Michael reaction between N1-acyl 2-benzylthioimidazolones and vinyl sulfones promoted by bifunctional organic catalysts.","Hemen aurkezten den lana Kimika Organikoa I Departamentuko Katalisi Asimetrikoaren Ikerketa taldean egin da, Aitor Landa Álvarez doktorearen zuzendaritzapean. Azterlan honek, katalizatzaile organiko bifuntzionalek bultzatzen duten N1-azil 2-benziltioimidazolonen eta binil sulfonen arteko Michael erreakzio asimetikoaren bidez, a-aminoazido a,a-diordezkatu kuaternarioen sintesi estereoselektiboa burutzea du helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36701,2019-12-04,"Layer division multiplexing (LDM), also known as non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), is a novel access technique based on power multiplexing. Its use has recently been applied in the ATSC 3.0 standard, using two layers in the transmission of digital terrestrial television (DTT) to offer mobile and fixed services [1] [2]. Until now,the capacity of LDM has been limited to theuse of two layers. The main goalof this project is to extendthe research to multiple layers to evaluate its potential. Therefore, the theoretical analysis [3] has been implemented in a simulation tool, which has allowedto obtain the results to acquireafirst idea of its performance. First of all,both,the architecture defined for the communications system andthe development of the toolare presented. Then,the conclusions obtained from the simulations,which have been carried out with the developed tool are presented. Finally, new application scenarios that could benefit ofthis case are proposed.","Geruzatan zatitutako multiplexazioa (Layered Division Multiplexing, LDM), atzipen ez ortogonal anitza (Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access, NOMA)bezala ere ezaguna, potentziarekiko multiplexazioan oinarritutako atzipen teknika berria da. Bere erabilera ATSC 3.0 estandarrean aplikatu berria dalurreko telebista digitalerako,bi geruza erabiliz zerbitzu mugikorrak eta finkoak eskaintzeko[1] [2].Hau da, orain arte LDMren kapazitatea bi geruzatara baino ez da mugatu. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, ikerketa geruza anitzetara zabaltzea da bere potentzialahausnartzeko. Horretarako, ikerketa teorikoa[3]simulazio-erreminta batean inplementatu da. Lortutako emaitzekin, errendimenduari buruzko lehenengo ideia batera iritsi ahal izanda. Lehenik eta behin, komunikazio-sistemarako definitutako arkitektura zein erremintaren garapena aurkezten da. Ondoren, garatutako erremintarekin lortutako emaitzetan oinarritutako ondorioak. Eta azkenik, garapen honetazbaliatu daitezkeen egoera berriak aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24436,2017-09,"Drilling is one of the most frequent processes in the aeronautical industry. Due to the latest technological developments the automation of this operation is being carried out by all the companies in this sector. This automation process needs several systems that capture instantaneous data, one of them regarding the efforts that the tool suffers during the drilling operation. The objective of this project is to analyse the possible options and to obtain the design of a sensitized bucha used for drilling with a pneumatic ADU, in order to be able to instantly measure the transmitted efforts. Moreover, apart from the analysis and design of the tool, the best sensorial system to measure the internal strains will be proposed.","Zulaketa industria aeronautikoan egindako operaziorik ohikoena da. Teknologian egindako hobekuntzen ondorioz, operazio honen automatizazioa sektorearen enpresa guztien zereginetan dago. Automatizazio honek, hamaika sistema behar ditu bat-bateko datuak bilakatzeko. Sistema hauen artean, erreminta jasandako esfortzuak neurtzen dituena dago. Proiektu honen objektiboa aukera desberdinak aztertzea eta ADU pneumatikoarekin egindako zulaketarako bucha senzorizatuaren diseinua lortzea da, momentuan gertatutako esfortzuak neurtzeko gai izateko asmoz. Gainera diseinua eta aukeren azterketaz gain, barneko tentsioak neurtzeko sistema honena proposatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27820,2018-06-29,"The technological immaturity shown in additive manufacturing, together with the profit it can offer, has resulted in a great interest from the large manufacturing industries and the more advanced sectors of the market, like the medical or the aeronautic, that demand a faster development of this technology. At the request of IK4-TEKNIKER technological center, this work has been carried out with the main objective of collaborating in this development by creating a tool capable of generating the toolpaths that the machine should follow as it deposits the material. The Matlab programming software has been used to develop a tool aimed at the fabrication of simple pieces through the strategy of 2.5 axes and 5 axes simultaneously. Finally, the functionality of the program had been checked through the use of the toolpaths generated in the LMD additive manufacturing process using steel in different shapes, such as dust and thread.","Fabrikazio gehigarria aurkezten duen heldugabetasun teknologikoa, eskaintzea hitzematen duen onura teknikoen alboan, interes handia piztu dute manufaktura-industria handien aldetik eta medikuntza eta aeronautika bezalako merkatuko sektore aurreratuenetarikoen artean, teknologia honen garapen azkarra eskatzen dutela. IK4-TEKNIKER zentro teknologikoaren eskariz, lan hau egin da garapen honetan laguntzeko helburu nagusiaz, makinak materiala uzten duen ahala egin behar duen ibilbidea sortzeko gai den erreminta baten sorreraren bitartez. Matlab programazio softwarea erabili da 2,5 ardatzeko eta aldibereko 5 ardatzeko estrategia bitartezko pieza errazeko fabrikaziora zuzenduriko erreminta garatzeko. Azkenik, programen funtzionaltasuna egiaztatu da LMD fabrikazio gehigarriko prozesuan jarraitutako ibilbideen erabileraren bidez, hauts eta hari moduan dagoen altzairuaren erabileren bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14283,2015-01-26,"The aim of this End of Degree Project is to design a trajectory interpolator and to code it in Labview. Thus, the kinematic equations of the mechanism that is going to be used (a 5R parallel kinematics robot) need to be calculated, and a workspace based upon the previous results suggested. Afterwards, different velocity profiles (trapezoidal velocity, trapezoidal acceleration and sinusoidal) will be deduced and coded. Thanks to them, the mechanism will be able to move in straight lines, but when it comes to curves, splines must be used. The characteristics of the available motors will be experimentally analyzed and the maximum achievable velocities will be computed.We shall therefore be able to present a software useful to create trajectories for the 5R robot. The budget of the project, as well as the main risks, are also included in this document, among other important issues. The document ends with appendices containing CAD drawings, results and code.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia hurrengoa da: ibilbideen interpolatzailea diseinatzea eta Labview-en programatzea. Horretarako, lehenengo eta behin erabiliko den mekanismoaren (5R zinematika paraleloko errobotaren) zinematika aztertu behar da, eta bere lan-eremua kalkulatu behar da. Geroxeago, abiadura profil desberdin batzuen ekuazioak lortu eta programatuko dira; profil hauek dira: trapezoidala abiaduran, trapezoidala azelerazioan eta sinusoidala. Profil hauekin errobota zuzenetan mugi daiteke, baina kurbetan mugi dadin spline-ak erabiliko dira. Erabil daitezkeen motoreen ezaugarriak esperimentalki lortuko dira eta mekanismoak lor ditzakeen abiadura maximoak kalkulatuko dira. Honela, 5R errobotarentzat ibilbideak sortzen dituen software bat presentatuko ahal dugu. Gehitzen dira, besteak beste, proiektuaren aurrekontua eta gerta daitezkeen arriskuen azterketa. Dokumentuaren amaieran eranskin batzuk jarri dira, CAD planoekin, emaitzekin eta programazio-kodearekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16488,2015-12-16,"The Electric Engineering department of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao has a solar photovoltaic system in one of its laboratories for teaching and research. This TFG involves development of a software aplication, which monitors this system with the later objective of supervise and analyse the optimum operation of the system.","Bilboko ETSIko Ingenieritza elektrikoko mintegiak ikerkuntza eta ikaskuntzara bideratutako laborategi batzuetan, energia solar fotoboltaikoaren sorkuntzarako instalazio bat dauka. GRAL honek instalazio hori monitorizatzen duen software aplikazio bat burutu du, geroago instalazio horren funtzionamendu optimoa aztertu eta ikuskatu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53949,2021-11-22,"This final master project (master's thesis) is based on the equipment analysis of a model hydroelectric plant. This analysis allows to stablish and develop a basic preventive maintenance plan. To achieve this aim, a detailed description of each part of the plant was carried out. Then, the target points were detected and defined to apply them the maintenance tasks. Based on these target points, the annual maintenance plan was elaborated, arranging each one in a equitative way depending on its periocity throughout the year. Finally, this plan was adapted to a real case, couppling it to Sollano hydroelectric plant. This plant was located nearby Ordunte reservoir dam.","Master-amaierako lan honetan, eredu gisa hautatu den zentral hidroelektriko bateko ekipoak aztertu dira. Behin ekipoen analisia egin delarik, oinarrizko mantentze-plan prebentiboa burutu da. Horretarako, zentral baten atalak deskribatu dira. Honela, mantentze-lanak zein ataletan burutu behar diren identifikatu da. Horren arabera, urteko mantentze plan antolatu bat definitu da, mantentze lanak urtean zehar era ekitatiboan antolatuz eta aldizkakotasunaren arabera ezarriz. Azkenik, plan mantentze-plan orokorra, kasu erreal batera egokitu da. Esaterako, Ordunteko urtegiaren presaren ondoan dagoen Sollanoko zentral hidroelektrikora aplikatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27906,2012,"Post-processual archaeology in Spain has had a short historiographical trajectory. Rather than trying to carry out the historiography of this theoretical framework by Spanish archaeologists –an issue that has already been assessed by other authors– this paper will develop one of the principles of post-processual archaeology, that is, the acknowledgment of the alterity of past societies. In particular, it will consider a case study of the Middle and Late Bronze Age of central Iberia (18th to 10th centuries B.C.), the archaeological group of Cogotas I. In order to do so it will analyse those archaeological contexts in which we can find complete pots and quern stone deposits. This will enable us to identify the formal categories according to which the prehistoric communities performed the filling of the pits, some of which could correspond to the way in which this Bronze Age society was organised.","Espainiako prozesual ondoko arkeologiak ibilbide historiografikoa dauka dagoeneko. Bere historiografia garatu aurretik, lan ugaritan jasoa dagoena bestalde, prozesual ondoko arkeologiaren oinarrietako bat garatzen saiatuko gara, iraganeko herrien besterengotasuna hain zuzen ere. Penintsula barnealdeko Erdi Brontze Aroan-Bontze Aro Berantiarrean (K.a. XVIII-X cal) aplikatuko dugu, Cogotas I deituriko multzo arkeologikoan. Horretarako, zeramika osoak eta ehotze eta igitai elementuen gordailuak azaltzen diren testuinguruak ikertuko dira. Honen bidez historiaurreko taldeen zuloen betegaitzat nagusitu ziren kategoria formalak aztertuko dira, zeintzuk Brontze Aroko gizarte honen antolaketa moduan izan dezaketen elkarrekikotasuna." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14305,2015-01-30,"The South Pointing Chariot is an ancient mechanism of Chinese origin, used initially as a guidance tool, being its main feature the existence of one point which always has zero absolute angular velocity. Taking its foundations as basis, the chance of making systems of stationary direction guidance does exist nowadays, including several applications and offering, for example, the possibility of using it as a stabilizer system. In order to do that, its kinematic analysis has to be performed, to understand its way of functioning, and verify that the results are correct, what can be done by using a prototype. The performance of the prototype includes the design and subsequent manufacture.","South Pointing Chariot-a txinatar jatorrizko antzinako mekanismoa da, orientazio sistema bezala erabilita hasieran, puntu batek abiadura angeluar absolutu zero duena bere ezaugarri nagusia dela. Bere oinarriak erabiliz, gaur egun aplikazio ugari duten norabide egonkorretan gidatzeko sistemak garatu daitezke, erabiltzeko, esate baterako, egonkortze sistema bezala. Horretarako, beharrezkoa da bere analisi zinematikoa egitea, bere funtzionamendua ulertzeko, eta frogatzea emaitzak zuzenak direla, prototipo baten bidez egin ahal dena. Prototipoa egiteak bere diseinua eta fabrikazioa biltzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51656,2021,"Throughout the 19th century the use of wallpaper as a decorative wall covering became widespread throughout Spain. The creation of a large number of factories specialised in this ornamental product and the incorporation of new technologies allowed a significant increase in production with the consequent reduction in price. At the same time, the emergence of a large number of small shops helped to popularise it. In this way, it adapted to the tastes and fashions of the moment, becoming an indispensable element in the interior decoration of homes.","XIX. mendean zehar, paper margotuaren erabilpena horma irudien estaldura apaingarri bezala hedatzen hasi zen Espainia osoan. Produktu edergarri honetan espezializatutako lantegi ugarien sorkuntza eta teknologia berrien eransketa, honen ekoizpena handitzea baimendu zuten eta ondoriozko prezioa jaiste. Aldi berean, salmentazko establezimendu txiki ugarien sortzea paper margotua ezagutaraztean lagundu zuten. Modu honetan, garaiko gustu eta modetara moldatu zen, etxe barneko apainketan beharrezko elementua bilakatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73373,2025-05-07,"Music is a fundamental part of children's lives, as it can be used to work on aspects such as emotions, instruments, dance and performance. The general objectives of this work are to analyse the relationship with music in the classroom and in the family context, and from there to create a didactic unit centred on music to promote the integral development of children. The process of completing the work is described below: at the university, the topic was chosen and a meeting was held with the tutor. At this meeting, we specified what to do and received approval from the teacher to carry out the proposal at the school. Subsequently, the observation process was conducted, the intervention was planned and executed, and results and conclusions were obtained using questionnaires. This didactic 3 proposal was designed to be carried out with pupils in the second stage of Infant Education, specifically with 4-year-old children. Three surveys were conducted for the design of this intervention: one addressed to parents to evaluate the importance of music in their homes, one addressed to the practice tutor to evaluate the importance of music in the classroom, and another to evaluate the established didactic proposal. The results obtained provide a comprehensive view of the impact and value of music in early childhood education, both at school and at home. Based on the results gathered in the evaluation criteria questionnaire completed by the tutor, the proposed intervention shows a significant contribution to the comprehensive development of the pupils. Finally, as a conclusion, the importance of working on music and emotions in early childhood education can be seen. Furthermore, in this process it has been proven that relating these two elements to dance is beneficial, as when children dance and move to the rhythm of the music, they experience emotions directly. However, as a proposal for improvement, it would be advisable to dedicate more time to the planning of the activities and their execution.","Musika, atal ezinbestekoa da umeen bizitzetan, izan ere, musikaren bitartez alderdi ezberdinak landu daitezke, hala nola, emozioak, instrumentuak, dantza eta baita interpretazioa ere. Lan honen helburu orokorrak, ikastetxeko gelan eta testuinguru familiarrean duten musikarekiko harremana aztertzea, eta hortik abiatuta, musika ardatz izanik umeen garapen integrala sustatzeko unitate didaktiko bat sortzea dira. Lehendabizi, lana osatzeko egindako prozesua deskribatzen da: unibertsitatean, gaia aukeratu da eta bilera bat egin da tutorearekin. Honetan, zer egin zehaztu, eta eskolan murgilduta, irakaslearen partez, proposamena aurrera eramateko baiezkoa jaso da. Gero, behaketa prozesua burutu, esku-hartzea planifikatu eta aurrera eraman eta galdetegiak erabilita, emaitzak eta ondorioak lortu dira. Lanak planteatzen duen proposamen didaktiko hau, Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren etapako ikasleekin egiteko diseinatu da, hain zuzen ere, 4 urteko haurrekin. Esku-hartze hori diseinatzeko, hiru inkesta egin ziren: bata gurasoei zuzendua, musikak haien etxeetan duen garrantzia ebaluatzeko, eta besteak praktiken tutoreari, ikasgelan musikak duen garrantzia ebaluatzeko eta ezarritako proposamen didaktikoaren gaineko ebaluazioa egiteko. Lortutako emaitzek musikak haur-hezkuntzan duen eraginari eta balioari buruzko ikuspegi integrala ematen dute, bai eskola-eremuan, baita familia-ingurunean ere. Tutoreak betetako ebaluazio-irizpideen galdetegian jasotako emaitzetan oinarrituta, proposatutako esku-hartzeak ikasleen garapen integralean ekarpen handia egin duela erakusten du. Azkenik, ondorio moduan, Haur Hezkuntzan musika eta emozioak lantzeak garrantzi handia duela ikusi da. Gainera, prozesu honetan ikusi da, bi hauek dantzarekin erlazionatzea onuragarria dela, izan ere, haurrek dantza egiten dutenean eta musikaren erritmora mugitzen direnean, emozioak modu zuzenean esperimentatzen ari dira. Hala ere, hobekuntza proposamen moduan, ondo legoke jardueren plangintzari eta hauen gauzatzeari denbora gehiago eskaintzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32242,2019-03-29,The Project consists in the design of an injection mould for the mass production of the handle of an electric planer. The plastic handle is part of a DEXTER brand electric planer which model is DPP-665. The project will be carried out using Siemens PLM-NX10´s MoldWizard module and Autodesk Moldflow Adviser 2017.,Proiektu honetan injekzio molde bat diseinatuko da eskuil elektriko baten plastikozko kirtena seriean fabrikatzeko. Fabrikatuko den pieza DEXTER markako DPP-665 eskuil elektrikoari dagokio. Proiektua aurrera eramateko Siemens PLM-NX10-ko MoldWizard modulua eta Autodesk Moldflow Adviser 2017 software-a erabili dira. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72726,2025-02-13,"In medicine, to provide an accurate diagnosis and optimize resources, the correct understanding of clinical documents is crucial. Temporal relation extraction involves properly ordering relevant events over time and can be of great help in facilitating the comprehension of clinical texts. However, due to the nature of medical data, it is challenging to obtain large quantities of data to train language models, resulting in fewer pretrained models in this domain and complicating tasks such as relation extraction. In this Bachelor’s Thesis, an analysis of the state of the art in the field of temporal relation extraction is conducted, and it is investigated whether the use of more innovative techniques,such as Natural Language Inference (NLI), yields better results. Additionally, NLI is used in conjunction with Zero-Shot and Few-Shot Learning (ZSL and FSL) to analyze if it is possible to extract temporal relations using limited data, based on the promising results published using the NLI methodology in similar tasks such as semantic relation extraction. This approach aims to address the issue of the scarcity of medical data. In this work, it has been observed that the combination of NLI with ZSL and FSL is capable of extracting temporal relations, significantly improving the results obtained by state-of-theart techniques with limited training data. However, when a large amount of data is available,state-of-the-art techniques still outperform, although NLI approaches the results.","Medikuntzan, diagnostiko zuzen bat eskaintzeko eta baliabideak optimizatzeko ezinbestekoa da dokumentu klinikoak behar bezala ulertzea. Denborazko erlazioen erauzketa gertakari garrantzitsuak denboran zehar behar bezala ordenatzean datza, eta laguntza handia izan daiteke testu klinikoen ulermena errazteko. Baina datu medikoen izaeragatik, zaila da hizkuntzaereduak entrenatzeko datumultzo handiak izatea, eta horregatik, eredu aurre-entrenatu gutxiago daude arlo honetan, erlazio erauzketa bezalako atazak zailduz. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, denborazko erlazio erauzketen arloan egungo egoeraren analisia egiten da eta teknika berritzaileagoak erabiliz, hala nola Hizkuntza Naturalaren Inferentzia (Natural Language Inference, NLI), emaitza hobeak lortzen diren ikertzen da. Gainera, NLI Zero-Shot eta Few-Shot Learning-ekin (ZSL eta FSL) batera erabiltzen da, datu gutxirekin denborazko erlazioen erauzketa egin daitekeen aztertzeko, NLI metodologia erabiliz emaitza onak argitaratu baitira antzeko atazetan, besteak beste, harreman semantikoen erauzketan. Horrela,arlo medikoko datuen eskasiaren arazoari aurre egin nahi zaio. Lan honetan ikusi da NLI ZSL eta FSL-rekin konbinatuta denborazko erlazioak erauzteko gai dela entrenamendu datu gutxirekin, gaur egun erabiltzen diren tekniken emaitzak asko hobetuz. Datu kopuru handia izanez gero, ordea, gaur egungo teknika horiek hobeak izaten jarraitzen dute, nahiz eta NLI erabiliz emaitza antzekoak lortu daitezkeen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19865,2016-12-15,"Optimization is a mathematics technique with a great amount of appliances on lots of fields of engineering. Since it helps the designer get an effective solution with a noticeable decrease in the cost of the project, it shows great benefits. Throw the following pages a brief description of the optimization techniques used in structural desing is displayed. Following this description, there is a more in-depth analisys of the topology optimization technique throw the study of a case. This case of study is a pedestrian bridge. Using this case study, the effect of different parameters will be analysed. This analysis will be the base to determine wich of the desings obtained with the optimization process is the most suitable for the previously determined criteria. Once the design is selected, it will be analysed in detail. This analysis’ purpose is to verify that the design actually meets the specifications as well as getting the final dimmensions of the bridge`s elements. Then, some comments are made about the conclusions derived from the analisys, looking how the topology optimization technique fits in the design process.","Optimizazioa ingeniaritzako arlo askotan aplikazioa duen teknika matematikoa da. Abantaila handiak suposatzen ditu, diseinu alternatiba eraginkorrak aurkitzen laguntzen duelako proiektuaren kostua gutxitzen laguntzen duen bitartean. Hurrengo horrietan estruktura diseinuan erabiltzen diren optimizazio tekniken aurkezpen labur bat egingo da. Ondoren topologia optimizazioari buruzko analisi sakonagoa egingo da kasu baten aurkezpenaren bitartez. Kasu hau oinezkoen zubi bat izango da. Kasu honen analisiaren bitartez parametro ezberdinek topologia optimizazio bidez lortutako diseinuan duten eragina aztertuko da. Analisi hau lortutako diseinuen artean zein den egokiena aukeratzeko erabiliko da, aurretik ezarritako oinarrien arabera. Diseinua aukeratu ondoren, azterketa sakonagoa egingo zaio diseinua egiaztatzeko eta elementu guztien tamainak ezartzeko. Analisi honen arabera, ondorioak eztabaidatzen dira, topologia optimizazioaren norainokoa aztertuz diseinu prosezuaren barruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19444,2016-10-27,"The aim of this end of degree project is to analyze different kinds of hardware components (sensors, servomotors,…) in order to design and develop an humanoid low-cost robot, which will take part on the competition CEABOT 2016 in September. Once the alternatives study is done, the design and the implementation phases are carried out. Finally, there is a validation phase by means of different checks so as to test the correct design of the humanoid robot to succeed in the competition. Otherwise, the design is modified.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, hurrengo Irailean CEABOT 2016 lehiaketan parte hartuko duen kostu baxuko giza itxurako robota diseinatzeko behar diren hardware konponenteak (sentsoreak, serbomotoreak,…) aztertzea da. Behin alternatiba guztien ikerketa eginda, diseinu eta inplementazio fasea gauzatuko da. Azkenik, froga ezberdinak egingo dira balidazio fasean, giza itxurako robota lehiaketarako egoki diseinatuta dagoela berretsi ahal izateko. Bestela, diseinua aldatu egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16181,2015-11-24,"In this work theoretical aspects of biogas purification and/or methane removal (when biogas valorization is not possible) using biological methods (biofiltration) have been deeply reviewed. Biogas sources (uncontrolled generation or controlled production) along with typical concentrations of compounds found in the biogas have been also collected. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), mercaptans and siloxanes biodegradation has been detailed, as they are the principal contaminants damaging biogas valorization systems. The study included the removal of these contaminants damaging biogas valorization systems. The study included the removal of these contaminants by means of different biofiltration configurations, such as biofiltration, biotrickling filtration and bioscrubbing. For each case, optimal temperature and differences between operating in acid or basic pH have been recorded. The influence of the minimum oxygen quantity to guarantee a complete biodegradation of H2S and avoid solid sulphur accumulation within the bioreactor (values of O2/H2S up to 49.2 have been necessary for complete oxidation), the nitrogen supply in anaerobic conditions (minimum supply of 200 mgN-NO3 -/L has been recorded) and the influence of compounds generated from partial biodegradation processes (elemental sulfur (S0), methanol, formaldehyde, etc.) has been analyzed) in the bioreactor performance has been also analyzed.","Ondorengo lanean berrikuste bibliografiko bat aurkezten da non biogasaren arazketa eta/edo metanoaren eliminazioa, balorizazioa ezinezkoa den kasuetan, aurkezten den metodo biologikoak erabiliz (bioiragazpena). Lan honetan ere biogasaren iturriak (isurpen kontrolatu gabea edo produkzio kontrolatua) eta hauetan aurkitu daitezkeen konposatuen kontzentrazio tipikoak batzen dira. Biogasaren aprobetxamendurako nahitaezkoa den hidrogeno sulfuroaren (H2S), merkaptanoen eta siloxanoen garbiketa ikertu da. Konposatu bakoitzaren eliminazioan desberdintza bat burutu da bioerreaktorearen konfigurazioaren arabera (bioiragazkia, bioperkolagailua eta biogarbitzailea) eta hauetako bakoitzarentzat datu adierazgarriak bildu dira, hala nola, operazio tenperaturarik hoberena edo pH azido edo basikoan operatzeak dakarren ezberdintasunak (jakinda operaziozko pH naturala azidoa dela baina pH honetan H2Saren solubilitateak behera egiten duela eta ohantzearen hondatzea azkartzen dela). Oxidazio totala emateko eta sufre metaketarik ez gertatzeko beharrezkoa den oxigeno kantitatea ere aztertu da, O2/H2S proportzioan 49.2-ko balioak ere jaso direlarik. Beharrezko nitrogenoaren (elikagaia) kantitatea ere ikertu izan da egoera anaerobioan operatutako sistemetan (200 mgN-NO3 -/L-tik gertuko balioak aurkituz), baita sistemaren funtzionamenduan oxidazio partzialean ematen diren konposatuen efektua ere (sufrea (S0), metanola, formaldehidoa, eta abar)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58429,2022-11-18,"The widow's pension consists of the economic benefit received by the beneficiary, who meets the required requirements, for the death of the deceased subject, with whom he has maintained a marriage bond or has been a common-law partner. This TFG analyzes the window’s pension from its beginnings to the present day and its general requirements, focusing on the conflictive points of the window’s pension. On the one hand, I have made an analysis of the facto couples as beneficiaries of the pension, and the access requirements demanded to them, with the modifications that these requirements have undergone over time. On the other hand, this TFG deals with the acess to pension in case of marital crisis and the particular situation of victims of gender violence.","Alarguntasun-pentsioa eskatutako baldintzak betetzen dituen onuradunak jasotzen duen prestazio ekonomikoa da, harekin ezkonduta egon den edo izatezko bikotekide izan den subjektu eragilearen heriotzagatik.Gradu Amaierako Lan honek hasieratik gaur egunera arte alarguntza-pentsioa eta bere balditz orokorrak aztertzen ditu, horrekin batera puntu gatazkatsuetan arreta jarriz. Alde batetik, izatezko bikoteak aztertzen dira pentsioaren onuradun gisa eta horiek eskuratzeko eskatzen diren baldintzekin eta baldintza horiek denboran zehar izan dituzten aldaketekin batera. Bestalde, senar-emazteen krisi kasuetan pentsioa jastozeko modua aztertu da, baita genero-indarkeriaren biktimen egoera berezia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24473,2017-09,"Generating! energy! in! a! cost! effective!way!has!been! a!main! objective! for! years.! Nowadays,! however,! it! is! equally! if! not! more! important! to! reduce! its! consumption!as! this!will! inevitably! result! in! a!decrease! in! cost.!The! residential! market! is! one! of! the! highest! demanding! sectors! when! it! comes! to! energy! consumption,!hence!this!assignment!is!focused!on!this!area. efficiency!rating.!The!thermal!behavior!is!analysed!using!a!software!designed!for! this!goal,!CE3X.! ! Once! the! efficiency! score! has! been! obtained! there! will! be! three! alternative! proposals!in!order!to!reduce!the!consumption!and!improve!the!efficiency!score. ! The! assignment! details! how! the! energy! consumption! data! of! a! household! is! assessed!from!a!thermodynamical!perspective!in!order!to!provide!an!energy.","Energia!ekoiztea!erarik!eraginkorrenean!izan!da!helburua!denbora!luzean!zehar,! gaur!egun!ordea,!kontsumo!energetikoa!murriztea!garrantzi!bera!edo!handiagoa! du,! izan! ere,! energiaren! kontsumo! murrizpena! lortzeak! energia! ekoizpenaren! merkeagotzea! dakar.! Egoitza! sektorea! eskari! handienetariko! sektorea! da,! horregaitik!lan!hau!sektore!honetan!zentratu!da.! ! Lana,! analisi! energetikoan! zentratu! da,! etxebizitza! baten! termodinamikaren! ikuspuntutik,!ostean!bere!kalifikazio!energetikoa!lortzeko.!Bere!izaera!termikoa! behatzeko,!diseinaturiko!software!batez!baliatuz!egin!da,!CE3X.! ! Behin! kalifikazio! energetikoa! burututa! hiru! proposamen! posible! aurkeztu! dira! lortutako!kalifikazioa!hobetzeko!eta!energia!kontsumoa!murrizteko!asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50729,2021-03-22,"Wanting to respond to the needs of the public school Ramón Bajo, and through the methodology Service-learning, in this Bachelor’s Degree Final Project, an analytic tool has been designed that aims to analyze gender from an intersectional point of view. This tool, in a cross-sectional way, observes three dimensions (language and communication; relationships; attitude and space), and within each of these dimensions, four distinct interactions (children-children; teachers-teachers; children-teachers; teachers-children).","Ramón Bajo ikastetxe publikoaren premiei erantzun nahian, eta Ikaskuntza-zerbitzua (I+Z) metodologiaren bidez, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan behaketa-tresna bat diseinatu da, generoa ikuspegi intersekzionaletik aztertzea helburu duena. Tresnak, zeharka, hiru dimentsio behatzen ditu (hizkuntza eta komunikazioa; harremanak; jarrera eta espazioa), eta dimentsio horietako bakoitzaren barruan, lau interakzio desberdin (haurrak-haurrak; irakasleak-irakasleak; haurrak-irakasleak; irakasleak-haurrak)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19551,2016-11-17,"The development of this final degree project is dimed to execute a theoretical analysis of the optimum investment in security and health conditions of the job, taking into account the costs of it and the benefits that it generates. After, different developed methodologies for the calculation of work accidents costs will be analysed because it is a key factor in the study of the profitability of this investment. The reason of this investigation is, on the one hand, the lack of preventive culture of Spanish enterprises and, on the other hand, the short term vision of small and medium enterprises. The objective is to demonstrate that a less capital investment does not always mean a greater benefit for the business on the long term.","Gradu hamaierako lana honen garapenaren helburua laneko segurtasunean eta higienean inbertsio optimoaren azterketa teoriko bat egitea da, kontuan izanda suposatzen duen kostuak eta sortzen dituen mozkinak. Ondoren, laneko istripuen kostuak estimatzeko garatu diren hainbat metodologia ikertuko dira, funtsezko alderdia baita inbertsio honen errentagarritasuna aztertzeko. Ikerketa honen arrazoia, alde batetik, espainiar enpresen kultura prebentiboaren gabezia da, eta beste aldetik, enpresa txiki eta ertainen ikuspegi mugatua. Helburua, inbertsio txikiena ez duela beti suposatzen mozkin handiena enpresarentzat arrazoitzea da. Ondorioz, alde batetik, ordura arte enpresaburu gehienek izan duten pentsaera aldatzea lortu daiteke, eta beste aldetik, metodologia bat aurkeztuko da enpresa txiki eta ertainek laneko istripuen kostuak estimatu dezaten,bakoitzak bere inbertsio optimoa aurkitu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26225,1991,"In this paper a psychosocial model of drug addiction is presented according to the research outcome in the field of transcultural studies, personality and learning theories. The validity of data and the possibility of gathering all the scopes in an integrated model are discussed.","Lan honetan toxiko-zalekerien gizarte eredu bat aurkezten da, ikerketa baten lortutako emaitzaren arabera, naiz kultur'arunzko ikasketarena, naiz nortasunaren psikologiarena eta baldintzazko teorienak. Ikaskuntza hauetan ezarritako argibideen bailoa aztertu era eredu osagarri batean agerkera desberdinak ikasteko posibilitatea azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58598,2022-11-29,"Nowadays, obtaining renewable energies is a great challenge in order to generate a more sustainable society. In this sense, the construction sector plays an important role, not only by trying to achieve installations with lower consumption, but also by developing systems that allow energy to be obtained from a renewable medium such as the sea. This requires structures capable of supporting other loads in addition to conventional ones, such as those exerted by water. A good understanding of this aspect will encourage the construction of this type of system, increasing the percentage of renewable energy consumption by means of a booming source, which is the ocean.","Gaur egun, energia berriztagarriak lortzea erronka handia da gizarte iraunkorragoa sortzeko. Alde horretatik, eraikuntzaren sektoreak paper handia hartzen du, ez bakarrik kontsumo txikiagoko instalazioak lortzen saiatuz, baizik eta energia baliabide berriztagarri batetik, itsasotik, lortzeko sistemak eginez ere. Horretarako, ohiko kargez gain beste karga batzuk ere jasan ditzaketen egiturak behar dira, hala nola urak eragindakoak. Alderdi hori ondo ezagutzeak horrelako sistemen eraikuntza sustatuko du, eta energia berriztagarrien kontsumoaren ehunekoa handituko du goraldian dagoen iturri baten bidez, ozeanoaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63724,2023-07-04,"This research focuses on a concerning issue related to human rights violations: the practice of torture and other ill-treatment towards detained individuals. This academic work has as its main objective to analyze the use of video surveillance systems as a tool to prevent this criminal phenomenon. The innovative approach of this study lies in exploring the potential of this technology to reduce the likelihood of these crimes, as well as the challenges that arise due to the lack of current specific regulations regarding the use of surveillance and the protection of fundamental rights, such as privacy and the safeguarding of personal data of recorded individuals","Giza eskubideen urraketarekin lotutako arazo kezkagarria du ardatz ikerketa honek: atxilotuen aurkako tortura eta bestelako tratu txarrak. Lan akademiko honen helburu nagusia bideozaintza-sistemen erabilera aztertzea da, delitu-fenomeno hori prebenitzeko tresna gisa. Teknologia honen bidez delitu hauen probabilitatea murrizteko duen potentziala azteartzean datza lan honen ikuspegi berritzailea, baita gaur egun bideozaintzaren erabilerari eta oinarrizko eskubideen –intimitatea eta datu pertsonalak– babesari dagokienez berariazko araudirik ez izatearen ondorioz sortzen diren erronkak aztertzean ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54369,2021-12-03,"In the last decades, molecular methods are becoming increasingly relevant in the assessment of sex, sex differentiation and gametogenesis staging in teleost fish as they can provide more accurate estimates than histological or visual analysis of gonads. This is a requirement of the EU Data Collection Framework as part of the policy to improve fisheries management, where fecundity estimates of commercial fish stocks are of prime interest. In this study, we wanted to analyse the differential transcription distinguishing ovaries and testes in fish by studying the levels of transcription of amino acid-specific transfer RNAs (tRNA). Expression of tRNAs was hypothesised to be a lot higher in ovaries than in testes, as it has already been proved with the other major product of RNA polymerase III activity, 5S rRNA. The teleosts species selected for this study were the zebrafish, Danio rerio, as laboratory model species whose genome has been fully sequenced, and the thicklip grey mullet, Chelon labrosus, as pollution sentinel species that in the Basque coast has displayed cases of intersex with oocytes produced in testis due to exposure to xenoestrogens. Primers for PCR analysis were designed against the multiple genes displayed in the genome of zebrafish targeting specific amino acid tRNAs. Such primers allowed quantification of transcription levels of selenocysteine, suppressor, phenylalanine, tryptophan and alanine tRNAs showing higher transcription levels in testes than in ovaries. These results against expectations could be due to the different cross-amplification of primers across the more than 50 genes per analysed specific tRNA or due to tRNA structural properties that did not allow adequate PCR analysis. No amplification was obtained in the case of C. labrosus with the exception of suppressor tRNA. Small RNA capillary electrophoresis of total RNA, which allows identification of very small RNA fragments up to 200 bp in length, showed higher production of tRNAs, as well as of 5S rRNA, in the ovaries than in testes in both species. The calculated tRNA/5S rRNA index value showed no differences between gonads of both sexes but the tRNA/5.8S rRNA index clearly showed the highest levels in ovaries than in testes. These differences were only significant in the case of C. labrosus (analysed C. labrosus ovaries were all previtellogenic). This proves a high RNA polymerase III activity during the early phases of oogenesis in C. labrosus that results in high levels of tRNA and 5S rRNA. Conversely, RNA polymerase I activity and production of 5,8S, 18S and 28S rRNA is initiated with vitellogenesis which explains low levels in the studied mullet samples. In the meantime, zebrafish ovaries were showing oocytes in all stages of oogenesis and this did not allow significant differences in tRNA/5.8S rRNA index values between gonads. Bulk tRNA production has been proven to be a good marker to identify sex in teleost fish when comparing gonads in the early stages of gametogenesis. Similarly, the tRNA/5.8S rRNA index has shown to be a useful proxy to identify the oogenesis stage in fish ovaries. Further research is necessary to elucidate the usefulness of each specific tRNA in the monitoring and staging of ovarian gametogenesis in teleost fish.","Azken hamarkadetan, metodo molekularrak gero eta garrantzi handiagoa dute sexu desberdintzapen eta gametogenesiaren faseen identifikazioan arrain teleosteoetan, aurreikuspen zehatzagoak eskaini ahal baitituzte gonaden analisi histologiko edo bisualak baino. Hori EBko “Data Collection Framework” betebeharra da, arrantzaren kudeaketa hobetzeko politika aurrera eramateko, non arrain komertsialen emankortasunaren estimazioa interes handia duen. Ikerketa honetan arrainetan obarioak eta testikuluak bereizten dituen transkripzio diferentziala analizatu nahi genuen amino azido espezifiko transferentziako RNA (tRNA) transkripzio maila aztertuz. tRNAren adierazpena obarioetan testikuluetan baino askoz altuagoa izateko hipotesia zegoen, polimerasa III aktibitatearen beste produktu nagusiarekin, 5S rRNA, frogatu den bezala. Analisi honetarako aukeratutako teleosteo espezieak, hauek izan ziren: zebra arraina, Danio rerio, genoma guztiz sekuentziatuta duen laborategiko eredu espezie gisa, eta hondoetako korrokoia, Chelon labrosus, poluzioaren monitorizatzaile gisa, Euskal kostaldean intersex egoera aurkeztu baitu xenoestrogenoen ondorioz obozitoak ekoiztuz testikuluetan. PCR analisirako primerrak diseinatu ziren D. rerio genomako amino azido espezifiko tRNA geneak kontuan izanda. Primer horiek selenozisteina, supresorea, fenilalanina, triptofanoa eta alanina tRNA transkripzio mailak kuantifikatzea ahalbidetu zuten testikuloetan obarioetan baino transkripzio maila handiagoak erakutsiz. Hondoetako korrokoiaren kasuan ez zen anplifikaziorik lortu supresore tRNAan izan ezik. RNA totalaren RNA txikiko kapilare elektroforesia, 200bp-ko RNA kate txikien identifikazioa ahalbidetzen duena, 5S rRNA eta tRNA produkzio handiagoa erakutsi zuen obarioetan testikuloetan baino bi espezieetan. Kalkulatutako tRNA/5S rRNA indizearen balioak ez zuen ezberdintasunik erakutsi gonaden artean, baina, tRNA/5.8S rRNA indizeak maila altuagoa argi erakutsi zuen obarioetan testikuloetan baino. Ezberdintasun horiek soilik izan ziren esangarriak C. labrosus kasuan (aztertutako C. labrosus obario guztiak prebitelogenikoak ziren). Horrek egiaztatzen du RNA polymerasa IIIren aktibitate handia C. labrosus oogenesiaren fase goiztiarretan tRNA eta 5S rRNA sortzen duena. Alderantziz, RNA polimerasa I-ko aktibitatea eta 5,8S, 18S eta 28S RNAren ekoizpena vitellogenesiarekin batera hasten da, korrokoietan lortutako balio baxuak azaltzen duena. Bitartean, D. rerio obuluak fase oogenesi guztietako obozitoak erakutsi dituzte eta horrek ez du ahalbidetu ezberdintasun esangarririk gonaden arteko tRNA/5.8S rRNA indizean. tRNA produkzioa sexua identifikatzeko markatzaile ona dela frogatu da arrain teleosteoetan gonadak alderatzean gametogenesiaren fase goiztiarretan. Era berean, tRNA/5.8S rRNA indizea arrain obulutegietako oogenesi fasea identifikatzeko baliogarria dela erakutsi da. Ikerketa gehiago egin behar dira zehazteko tRNA espezifiko bakoitzaren erabilgarritasuna monitorizazioan eta arrain teleosteoen obulutegi gametogenesiaren faseen adierazpenean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23132,2017-07,"This document includes the analysis by finite elements of the frame of a bicycle. The analysis is based on a normalized test of the ISO 4210 rule. To be exact, a simulation of the fall of a 22,5-kg mass over a frame-fork ensemble is done. In this inform the steps made to the complexion of the simulation and the obtaining of the results are included. To fulfil this goal, how the geometries are built is explained, followed by the explanation of meshing of the different elements with the help of a finite elements program. Last, it is clarified how the simulation is done and the results are collected. In the final part of the document, the results are analysed and are accompanied by some conclusions.","Dokumentu honen barnean aisialdi bizikleta baten koadroaren azterketa egin da. Analisi hau ISO 4210 normaren saio normalizatu batean oinarritzen da. Zehazki, konjunto koadro-urkilaren gainean 22,5 kg-ko masa baten jausialdiaren simulazioa egin da. Informe honetan, simulazioa egiteko eta emaitzak lortzeko eman diren pausuak azaltzen dira. Horretarako, lehenengoz nola saioaren geometriak egiten diren eta gero nola hauek elementu finito programa baten laguntzarekin mallatzen diren argitzen da. Amaitzeko, nola simulazioa botatzen den eta emaitzak lortzen diren azaltzen da. Dokumentu honen azkeneko partean emaitzak horiek aztertzen dira eta konklusio batzuekin laguntzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14395,2015-02-12,"With the advent of digital technologies and new compression systems, the same information can be transmitted in less space. Furthermore, the use of mobile technologies is evolving considerably, bringing many benefits. This is what has led to the reléase of radio spectrum in the 800 MHz band for coexistence in the broadcasting and mobile communications in adjacent bands. Through this Project the performance of both systems will be studied, for what values of protection ratios and overloading thresholds will be obtained.","Teknologia digitalak eta konpresio-sistema berrien etorrerak, informazio bera daitezke leku gutxiago transmititzen. Gainera, teknologia mugikorren erabilera nabarmen aldatzen baita, onura asko ekartzen. Hori espektro irrati-oharra 800 MHz banda, emisio eta komunikazio mugikorren ondoko banda batean elkarbizitzarako ekarri da. Proiektu honen bidez, bai sistemen portaera aztertuko da, zer balio babes ratioak eta gainkarga atalaseak lortu ahal izango." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22912,2017-07,"Due to the increase of the energy demand and its concentration at peak hours, the active management of the demand is a primary need. In this way, focusing on the necessity of achieving an efficient and sustainable electric system, the habits and the demand profile will be modified. Therefore, what it is really interesting is to study the strategies of the active management of the demand and gather as much information as it is possible about different applicable methods in a near area and previous experiences. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) type of electric vehicles are a really compelling option to play an important role in the active management of the demand. In this case, the prime objectives of the following Bachelor’s thesis are: Description and analysis of Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) type of EV and to study the contribution it may give to the active management of the demand. Study of the implementation of the V2G to a practical case.","Energia eskariak jasandako igoeragatik eta kontsumoaren kontzentrazioan ematen diren puntako-orduak direla eta, beharrezkoa da energia-eskaria era aktiboan kudeatzea. Modu honetan, ohiturak eta eskariaren profilak aldatu egingo dira, energia-sistema iraunkor eta efiziente bat lortzeko asmoarekin. Beraz, benetan interesgarria izango da energia-eskaria aktiboki kudeatzeko estrategia desberdinak, aldez aurretiko esperientziak eta gure ingurune hurbilean aplikatzeko posible diren metodoak aztertzea. Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) erako ibilgailu elektrikoak, baliabide oso interesgarriak dira energia-eskariaren kudeaketa aktiboan parte hartzeko. Gai honetan murgilduta gaudela, gradu amaierako honen helburu nagusiak hurrengoak dira: Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) erako ibilgailu elektrikoen deskribapena eta analisia; eta hauek aurkez dezaketen ekarpena energia-eskariaren kudeaketa aktiboan. Kasu praktiko batean V2G-aren inplementazioa aztertzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23052,2013,"The purpose of this research is to provide a descriptive analysis of the experience by threatened people and victims of ETA of violence in the Basque Country. For such purpose, specific aspects are addressed regarding the violence situation, the strategies of psychological harassment and the psychosocial effects, based on interviews with threatened people and on a survey. The study gives the main characteristics of the chronic harassment situation in the Basque Country and highlights the importance of psychological terrorism strategies and its psychosocial impact on victims and threatened people. Study findings could be aimed at improving the knowledge on the victimization of those who have been threatened in the Basque Country.","Ikerketa honen xedea Euskadin ETAren biktimek eta mehatxatuek jasandako indarkeriaren esperientziari buruzko analisi deskribatzailea eskaintzea da. Horretarako, mehatxatutako pertsonekin egindako elkarrizketetatik eta inkesta batetik abiatuta, indarkeria-egoerari, jazarpen psikologikoko estrategiei eta eratorritako ondorio psikosozialei buruzko alderdi espezifikoak lantzen dira. Euskadin kronikoa izan den jazarpen-egoera baten ezaugarri nagusiak aipatzen ditu ikerketak, eta nabarmendu egiten ditu terrorismo psikologikoaren estrategien eta eratorritako ondorio psikosozialen garrantzia biktimei eta mehatxatuei dagokienez. Ikerketaren ondorioek balio dezakete Euskadin mehatxatuak izan direnen biktimazioari buruzko ezagutza hobetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14388,2015-02-10,"The purpose of this dissertation is the analysis of the motion capacities of the SCARA robot, and together with path planning methods, their implementation in a graphic software for motion simulation. Starting out from a basic knowledge of serial robot kinematics, it has been applied to a specific type and its particularities have been developed, aimed to two main objectives: The knowledge of the motion capacities of the SCARA robot. The implementation of a path planning method. To start with, the state of the art has been analysed, in order to gather information about the main applications and the path types. Besides, path planning methods have been investigated to try and find the most suitable one for this use. Afterwards, the analysis of the robot has been carried out, with the help of the usual mathematical tools and procedures, in order to get the workspace and the singular positions of the robot, crucial for this matter. Then, a graphic software has been developed to simulate the motion capacities. Options have been added to create paths based on the most typical applications. To end with, a path planning method incorporating obstacle avoidance has been implemented, within “pick and place” type trajectories.","Lan honen gaia SCARA errobot motaren mugimendu gaitasunen analisia egitea da, eta ibilbideen sorkuntzarako metodoekin batera software grafiko batean inplementatzea mugimenduaren simulazioa egin ahal izateko. Errobot serieen zinematikaren oinarrizko ezagutzatik hasita, mota konkretu batetara aplikatu egiten da eta honek aurkezten dituen berezitasunak garatu egiten dira, bi helburutara bideratuta: SCARA errobotaren mugimendu gaitasunak ezagutzea. Ibilbideen sorkuntzarako metodo baten inplementazioa. Hasteko, gaiaren egoera aztertu da, aplikazio nagusien eta ibilbide moten informazioa batzeko. Halaber ibilbideen sorkuntzarako metodoak arakatu dira, erabilera honetarako aproposena aurkitzeko. Jarraian, errobotaren analisia burutu da, ohizko erreminta matematikoak erabiliz, funtsezkoak diren lan eremua eta kokapen singularrak lortzeko. Ostean, software grafikoa garatu da mugimendu gaitasun hauek simulatzeko. Ohiko aplikazioetan oinarritutako ibilbideak sortzeko aukerak gehitu dira. Amaitzeko, oztopoak saihesten dituen ibilbideen sorkuntzarako metodoa inplementatu da, “pick and place” ibilbide motaren barruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25003,2017,"This work refers to the differences between men and women in the field of sport. It is obvious that we live in a male-centred society, this it can be seen in the low appearance that women have in the media. As a result, our society is full of stereotypes. Linked to this, comes the discrimination inside and outside the schools, in a conscious or unconscious way. Both the media and the schools like the family and friends play an important role in the struggle for gender equality, so the work is imperative. A questionnaire was carried out to the students of sixth in Vitoria ´s School, after several discussions have been made. With these two tools, information has been collected to analyze it. Thanks to this, the idea that have children on the sports world and the reality living has become known. With this research it can be concluded that nowadays the society is changing little by little. Finally, today´s education it is directed towards a society based on equality. However, there is still much work to do.","Lan honetan, gizartean gizon eta emakumeen artean dauden ezberdintasunen inguruan hitz egiten da, beti ere kirolera bideratuta. Gizarte androzentrista batean bizi garela nabaria da, emakumeek komunikabideetan duten agerpena ikustea besterik ez dago. Horien eta beste hainbat eragileen ondorioz, estereotipoz beteriko gizartea dugu gurea. Horrekin batera, diskriminazio egoera ugari sortzen dira, bai eskola barruan eta baita eskolaz kanpo ere, kontziente edo inkontzienteki. Komunikabideek eta eskolek bezala, familiak eta lagunek ere zerikusi handia dute. Beraz, eragile hauen lana beharrezkoa da genero berdintasunaren aldeko borrokan. Hori horrela, Gasteizko ikastetxe bateko 6. mailako ikasleei galdetegi pertsonalak pasa zaie eta eztabaidak sortu dira, bi tresna horiekin informazioa jaso eta aztertu ahal izateko. Horrekin, gazteek egungo kirol munduaren inguruan zein ideia duten eta beraien errealitatearen berri jakin da. Aztertutakoarekin ondorioztatu daiteke, egun, gizartea poliki-poliki aldatzen doala. Beraz, egungo heziketa, berdintasunean oinarritutako gizarte baterantz doan bidean doala esan daiteke. Hala eta guztiz ere, lan asko egin behar da bide horretan aurrera jarraitu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20070,2017-01-03,"The principal aim of this Bachelor Thesis is to design a machine which will allow the baserritarra of Euskal Herria to produce a natural and competitive yoghourt of good quality. The project has been developed with the help of Francisco Javier Campa Gómez, tutor from the Mechanical department in the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. The collaboration of technical members from the Company A.T.A. Tecnología Alimentaria S.L., has also been crucial for the evolution of the project. Actually, a marketed device by this company will be used as a model for designing the current machine. Firstly, basic requirements that the machine needs to fulfil will be defined, then, the main function of the machine will be separated in different subfunctions, and after a deeper design and calculation of each subfunction they will be integrated into a global set. To finish up, the budget for the final machine will be estimated.","Gradu amaierako lan honek Euskal Herriko baserritarrari kalitatezko jogurt natural eta lehiakorra ekoiztea ahalbidetuko dion makina baten diseinua burutzea du helburu nagusi. Proiektua Francisco Javier Campa Gómez, Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko Saileko tutorearen laguntzaz garatu da Bilboko Ingeniarien Goi Eskola Teknikoan. A.T.A. Tecnología Alimentaria S.L. enpresako kideen laguntza ere ezinbestekoa izan da proiektua aurrera eramateko. Hain zuzen ere, aipatu berri den enpresak komertzializatzen duen makina bat eredu hartuta diseinatu da aipatutako makina. Lehenik, azken diseinuak bete beharko dituen premiak zehaztuko dira, ondoren funtzio nagusia hainbat azpifuntziotan banatuko da eta bakoitza sakonki aztertu ondoren azpifuntzio guztiak azken diseinuari integratuko zaizkio. Amaitzeko, makinaren aurrekontua burutuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23143,2017-07,"The main objective of this project is to study the efficiency and productivity of Leizaran´s hydropower plant (Gipuzkoa, Spain). For this, we will study all the parts of the plant in order to watch where we can make an improvement. First of all, we will make a technical study, in case of being a possible option, we will make an economical one too. Finally, we will choose the best option to study it in the final draft.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia Leizaran-en (Gipuzkoa, Espainia) zentral hidroelektrikoaren efizientzia eta produktibitatea aztertzea izango da. Helburu hori aurrera eraman ahal izateko, zentralean aurkitzen diren elementu guztiak aztertuko ditugu, horietako bakoitzean eman ahal diren hobekuntzak aipatuz. Hasieran, analisi tekniko bat egingo dugu proposamenen bideragarritasuna ikusteko, eta posiblea izanez gero, analisi ekonomikoarekin jarraituko dugu. Amaitzeko, aukera hoberena aukeratuko dugu aurreproiektuan garatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20029,2016-12-29,"Generally, the responsibility of the dropout is attributed to the student. This work shows a wider view about this phenomenon, considering the student a victim of a discriminatory education system. The Economic Globalization that traps us and the education in our schools go together and the education system whose objective is to maintain the current economical organization, does not take into account the student diversity. This work purposes two different achievable initiatives for the educator, adapted to this reality and considering that they would help to decrease the school failure: the emotional education and the collaboration of the whole community.","Eskola porrotaren erantzukizuna ikasleari leporatzen zaio orokorrean. Lan honen bidez, fenomenoarekiko begirada zabalago bat bultzatu nahi da, ikaslea hezkuntza-sistema baztertzaile baten biktima bezala ulertaraziz. Sarean harrapatuta gaituen globalizazio ekonomikoa eta gure ikastetxeetan ematen den hezkuntza eskutik helduta doaz, eta indarrean dagoen antolakuntza ekonomikoa mantentzea helburu duen gure hezkuntza-sistemak ez dio haurren aniztasunari erreparatzen. Lan honetan, errealitate honen aurrean hezitzailearen esku leudeken bi ekimen proposatzen dira, eskola-porrota murrizteko lagungarriak izan daitezkeelakoan: hezkuntza emozionala eta komunitate osoaren parte-hartzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19730,2016-12-02,"Nowadays it is very important to find the ways to reduce the energy use and promote the use of renewable energy and measures of energetic efficiency, because it is very urgent to reduce the greenhouse effect, which are so damaging for the environment. With the aim of achieving these objectives, different European directives and laws in each country have been proposed. Moreover, after the Protocol of Kioto the 20/20/20 objectives were presented. During these pages, we will focus on the case of buildings and more precisely in the case of hospitals, which are important consumers of energy due to their characteristics. By means of the analysis of hospitals, we will try to reach the definition of the nZEB in the form of energy use in kWh/ year m2. The definition of a nearly zero energy building is a necessity due to the fact that this definition has only been given in 15 countries and Spain is not one of them.","Energia berriztagarrien erabileraren, kontsumo energetikoaren murrizketaren eta energía-eraginkortasunaren neurrien beharra agertu dira asken urteotan, ingurunerako kaltegarriak diren negutegi efektuko gasen isurketa murriztea beharrezkoa baita. Helburu hauek lortzeko hainbat europar zuzendaritza eta herrialde ezberdinetako legeak proposatzen dira; gainera, Kioto Protokoloaren ostean, aurrerago aztertuko diren 20/20/20 helburuak azaltzen dira. Lan honetan zehar, arreta eraikinen kontsumoan jarriko da, ospitaletan hain zuzen, beren ezaugarriengatik energia gehien kontsumitzen dutenak baitira. Ospitaleen analisiaz gero kontsumo ia nulua duen eraikina zehaztea bilatuko da, nZEB ; kasu honetan , nZEB baten kontsumoa kWh/urte m2 eran zehaztuko da. Eraikin horien definizioa beharrezkoa da, 15 herrialdetan soilik existitzen baitira eta horietako bat ere ez Espainian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27844,2011,"In the last two decades the great number of archaeological excavations made in Balmaseda (Bizkaia) has allowed to identify elements, materials and structures, mainly related with industrial activities and referring to the medieval and postmedieval occupation of the city. In this paper we provide the results obtained in the archaeological intervention made in Cubo 3, 5, 7 street (also known as “La Cárcel”) in 2007-2008. The analyses of the recovered materials are focused on the most represented material, being the pottery and fauna remains.","Azkenengo bi hamarkadetan indusketa arkeologiko ugari egin dira Balmasedan (Bizkaia). Hauei esker, hiribilduak Erdi Aroan eta Aro Modernoan izan zuen okupazioaren elementuak, materialak eta egiturak aurkitu ahal izan dira, batez ere, industria jarduerei buruzkoak. Artikulu honetan, Cubo Kalean, 3, 5 eta 7 zenbakietan, 2007-2008 urteetan burututako indusketen emaitzak eskainiko ditugu. Aurkituriko materialen analisia aipatuko dugu ere, zeramikan eta faunan arreta jarriz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70295,2024-06-11,"The establishment of double jurisdiction in administrative sanctions has sparked extensive debate in the legal sphere, both nationally and internationally. This topic has garnered significant interest from supranational judicial bodies. A particularly notable case is that of Saquetti Iglesias against Spain, in which the European Court of Human Rights issued important guidelines for Spanish courts. This court has emphasized the importance of ensuring the right to a second trial in cases of administrative sanctions, considering it as an essential element to safeguard human rights and procedural fairness. In this context, both international jurisprudence and legislation, including Article 2 of Protocol 7 of the European Convention on Human Rights, have established clear criteria on the necessity of double instance in the field of administrative sanctioning. We will also mention Organic Law 7/2015, of July 21, and the requirement of objective cassation interest.","Administrazio-zehapenetan jurisdikzio bikoitza ezartzeak eztabaida handia sortu du arlo juridikoan, bai Espainian bai nazioartean. Gai horrek nazioz gaindiko organo judizialen interes nabarmena piztu du. Bereziki aipagarria da Saquetti Iglesias Espainiaren aurka, non Giza Eskubideen Europako Auzitegiak jarraibide garrantzitsuak eman baitzituen Espainiako auzitegietarako. Administrazio zehapenen kasuetan bigarren judiziorako eskubidea bermatzearen garrantzia nabarmendu du epaimahaiak, eta funtsezko elementutzat hartu du giza eskubideak eta ekitate prozesala babesteko. Testuinguru horretan, bai nazioarteko jurisprudentziak, bai legediak, Giza Eskubideen Europako Hitzarmenaren 7. Protokoloaren 2. artikulua barne, irizpide argiak ezarri dituzte administrazio-zehapenaren esparruan bi instantziaren beharrari buruz. Uztailaren 21eko 7/2015 Lege Organikoa eta kasazioko interes objektiboaren baldintza ere aipatuko ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73383,2025-05-07,"Considering the integral formation of the students, the approach to the emotional part is a subject that is becoming increasingly important in the educational field. The subject of Physical Education is ideal to encourage the development of students' emotions, since the different motor situations proposed to relate to each other in this subject allow the development of the physical, cognitive, social and emotional part of the students. In this sense, the aim of this research has been to analyze the emotions that Physical Education sessions produce in Primary Education students, in order to help Physical Education teachers to organize their sessions in an adequate way. This research has been carried out at Ikastola Olabide in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The work has been carried out in the Physical Education sessions of 3rd grade of Primary School (7-8 years old). The results have been collected for 4 weeks in two classrooms with the same characteristics. The three variables analyzed were the type of activity, the outcome (win or lose) and gender. Most of the results obtained coincide with those observed in the literature. Cooperative activities have been the ones with the most positive emotions and the least negative emotions. In the types of games in which there is competitiveness and a winner or loser, negative emotions are imposed, i.e., it has been seen that students attach great importance to winning, which makes the intensity of the negative emotions they feel when they lose quite high. Finally, it has also been confirmed that there are differences according to gender, although in this study this is not so noticeable. However, it will be necessary to carry out research of longer duration and with larger samples to confirm with greater certainty the influence of these variables on students' emotions. This would help Physical Education teachers to know in advance the impact of their sessions on the emotional environment of the students. Thus, by knowing the emotions that primary school students feel, we will seek to promote positive emotional experiences and encourage students to become attached to physical activity.","Ikasleen formakuntza integrala kontuan izanik, alderdi emozionalaren lanketa gero eta garrantzi handiagoa hartzen ari den gaia da hezkuntza arloan. Heziketa Fisikoaren irakasgaia oso aproposa da ikasleen emozioen lanketa sustatzeko; izan ere, irakasgai honetan harremantzeko proposatzen diren egoera motor desberdinek, ikasleen alderdi fisikoa, kognitiboa, soziala eta emozionala garatzea ahalbidetzen dute. Hau horrela, ikerketa honen helburua Heziketa Fisikoko saioek Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleei zer nolako emozioak sorrarazten dizkieten aztertzea izan da, honen arabera, Heziketa Fisikoko irakasleek beren saioak modu egoki batean antolatu ditzaten lagundu dezake. Ikerketa hau Gasteizko Olabide Ikastolan burutu da. Lana aurrera eramateko Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. mailako (7-8 urteko) Heziketa Fisikoko saioetan egin da. 4 asteetan zehar ezaugarri berdineko bi geletan jaso dira emaitzak. Aztertu diren hiru aldagaiak jarduera mota, emaitza (galdu edo irabazi) eta generoa izan dira. Lortutako emaitza gehienak orain arte egindako ikerketetan lortutako emaitzekin bat datoz. Kooperazioko jarduerak izan dira emozio positibo gehien eta emozio negatibo gutxien azaleratu dituztenak. Lehiakortasuna eta irabazle edo galtzaile bat dagoen joko-jolas motetan emozio negatiboak gailentzen dira, hau da, ikasleek irabazteari garrantzi handia ematen diotela ikusi ahal izan da, ondorioz, galtzen dutenean sentitzen dituzten emozio negatiboen intentsitatea nahiko altua da. Azkenik, generoaren arabera desberdintasunak daudela ere baieztatu ahal izan da, nahiz eta ikerketa honetan hori hainbeste ez nabaritu. Hala ere, beharrezkoa izango da iraupen luzeagoko eta lagin handiagoko ikerketak burutzea aldagai horiek ikasleen emozioetan duten eragina ziurtasun handiagoz baieztatzeko. Honek, Heziketa Fisikoko irakasleei beren saioek zer nolako eragina izango duten ikasleen arlo emozionalean aldez aurretik jakiten lagunduko luke. Horrela, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleek sentitzen dituzten emozioak ezagututa, bizipen emozional positiboak sustatu eta ikasleek jarduera fisikoarekiko atxikimendua lor dezatela bilatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20068,2017-01-03,"This project involves the study of different ways to recover waste heat lost in alternative internal combustion engines. To do this we will focus primarily on three different technologies and compare them considering both technical, economic and environmental impact aspects.","Proiektu honetan barne errekuntzako aldizkako motorretan galtzen den hondarberoa berreskuratzeko era ezberdinak azalduko dira. Horretarako, 3 teknologia ezberdinetan jarriko dugu arreta, alderdi teknologikoak, ekonomikoak eta ingurumenean duten eragina kontutan hartuta haien arteko konparaketa bat eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73392,2025-05-07,"The objective of this study is to analyse the training, perception and intervention methods of Early Childhood Education teachers with respect to communication and language. We have also wanted to observe humanity's knowledge about communication and its variants. To this end, two questionnaires were created, the closed questionnaire was answered by 16 teachers and 74 responses were obtained in the open questionnaire. These instruments collect questions related to the areas mentioned above. The data collected revealed that teachers have little training and knowledge about communication, although they are aware of its importance, today the tools are scarce. Not only are communication problems perceived in teachers, but we also see it in the rest of society.","Azterlan honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek komunikazioari eta hizkuntzari buruz duten prestakuntza, pertzepzioa eta esku hartzeko metodoak aztertzea izan da. Era berean, gizakiak komunikazioari eta haren aldaerei buruz duen ezagutza behatu nahi izan da. Horretarako, bi galdetegi sortu ziren, 16 irakaslek erantzun zuten galdetegi itxia, eta irekitako galdetegian 74 erantzun lortu ziren. Galdera sorta horiek aurrez aipatutako eremuei buruzko galderak jasotzen dituzte. Bildutako datuek agerian utzi zuten irakasleek komunikazioari buruzko prestakuntza eta ezagutza urriak dituztela, nahiz eta komunikazioak duen garrantziaz ohartu gaur egun tresnak urriak dira. Irakasleengan komunikazio-arazoak hautemateaz gain, gizartean ere ikusten ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29395,2018-10-30,"The aim of this project is to study the influence of the pyrolysis temperature, oxidation temperature and oxidation time of a combined pyrolysis and oxidation process, obtaining the optimal values for aforesaid factors, in order to recover the fibers from carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) scrap. Cured CFRP scrap and expired prepreg of a known composition from Airbus have been tested for some pyrolysis and oxidation processes, based on the thermogravimetric analysis. The optimization has been carried out with the2k full factorial method belonging to the Theory of the Design of Experiments and, consequently, following the mathematic model, two levels for each specified to be factor have been chosen, the maximum and the minimum. Making use of the combination of aforementioned values, in this case, with three factors eight combinations, one test for each combination has been performed. Once the results for said tests have been obtained, that is to say, once the weight loss of each one is known, the mathematical analysis has been carried out. The results show that the least relevant factor is the pyrolysis temperature, whereas the other two are shown to be remarkably more influential. Additionally, the obtained optimum values to recover the carbon fibers have been proven experimentally.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, pirolisi eta oxidazio prozesu konbinatu batean pirolisi-tenperaturak, oxidazio tenperaturak eta oxidazio denborak duten eragina aztertzen ditu, haien balio optimoak lortuz, karbono zuntzez indartutako polimeroen (CFRP) hondakinetatik zuntzak berreskuratzeko asmotan. Horretarako, Airbus konpainiak utzitako CFRP hondakin ondua eta konposizio ezaguna duen epez kanpoko preprega hainbat pirolisi eta oxidazio prozesutatik igaro da, analisi termograbimetrikoan oinarrituz. Optimizazioa Esperimentuen Diseinuen Teoriako 2k erabateko diseinu faktoriala erabiliz burutu da eta beraz, eredu matematikoan adierazitakoa jarraituz, zehaztu beharreko faktore bakoitzaren bi maila aukeratu dira, balio minimo eta maximoa. Balio horien arteko konbinazioak eginez, kasu honetan, hiru faktorerekin zortzi konbinazio, konbinazio bakoitzari dagokion saiakera esperimentala egin da. Saiakera horietatik lortutako emaitzak izanda, hots, bakoitzaren pisu galera ezaguna izanda, analisi matematikoa garatu da. Emaitzak erakusten dute pirolisi tenperatura dela eragin gutxien duen faktorea, beste bien eragina nabarmenki handiagoa izanik. Halaber, material bakoitzaren karbono zuntzak berreskuratzeko balio optimoak esperimentalki frogatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29370,2018-10-30,"In this project, Teal management style is presented in its three dimensions (self-management, wholeness and evolutionary purpose) and then compared to three organizations. Later, Basque organizations areanalysed in order to find similarities with Teal style, using a questionnaire.","Lan honetan Teal kudeaketa-estiloa aurkezten da, haren hiru dimentsioetan (auto-kudeaketa, osotasuna eta eboluzio-helburua) eta hiru organizazioekin parekatzen da antzekotasunak aztertzeko. Gero, galdetegi baten bidez, euskal organizazioekin dituzten ezaugarri komunak bilatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25285,2000,"The spanish penal Code protects the guarantee of the exercise of fundamental rights regulating in Title XXI the crimes committed against the Constitution. When the offence to the constitutional rights comes from a government employee in the exercise of his duty, an arbitrary and improper conduct of the state power is besides observed. This way, after explaining the common features to these crimes, every figure is analyzed especially these included in articles 529 to 542 of the spanish penal Code.","1995-eko kode penalak, bere XXI. Tituluan konstituzioaren aurkako delituak tipifikatzerakoan, pertsonaren oinarrizko eskubideen bermea babesten du. Konstituzioaren bermeak jasaten duten erasoa funtzionari publikoen eskutik baldin badator, horrez gain estatuko boterearen aldetik ematen den jokabide arbitrario eta abusatzaile baten aurrean aurkitzen gara. Delitu hauek dituzten berdintasunak azaldu ondoren, kode penaleko 529-542 artikuluetan azaltzen diren figurak banan banan aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25852,,"Learning to read and write can be a complex task for children, especially when it comes to a foreign language. In order to become skilful readers, children need to understand the way the sounds of spoken language correspond to its written form. This process is further complicated by the fact that, even if the correspondence between sounds and letters tends to be direct in alphabetical languages, this correlation is not always as direct as we might expect. In this report, a phonics instruction method, known as Jolly Phonics, which emphasizes the relations between sounds and letters in the interest of analysing its advantages and disadvantages, will be studied.","Irakurtzen eta idazten ikastea prozesu zaila da haurrarentzat, bereziki atzerriko hizkuntza batean ikasi behar duenean. Irakurle eta idazle trebeak izateko funtsezkoa da soinuen eta idatzizko ikurraren arteko korrespondentziaz jabetzea. Hizkuntza alfabetikoetan bi horien arteko erlazioa zuzena izaten bada ere, erlazio hori erabatekoa ez den kasuetan idazten eta irakurtzen ikastea erronka hutsa izan daiteke ikaslearentzat. Phonics instruction delakoa soinuen eta idatzizko ikurren arteko erlazioan arreta jartzen duen irakaskuntza mota bat da, haurrari irakurtzen eta idazten ahalbidetzen diona. Horrela, lan honetan phonics instruction horretan oinarritzen den Jolly Phonics metodoa aztertu da, honen puntu indartsuak eta hutsuneak identifikatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/9919,2007,"The Spanish General Accounting Plan has undergone a profound change. The first change that has suffered is the Accounting Framework of accounting, which is the part that sets the basis of accounting. It is here that reflects what the purpose of accounting and the requirements, principles, elements and recognition and measurement bases. Failure to obtain a proper understanding of this first part of the General Accounting Plan, one could argue that accounting is meaningless.","Kontabilitate Plan Orokorrak aldaketa sakon bat izan du. Aldaketa horien artean lehena, kontabilitatearen oinarria den Kontzeptu-Esparrua da. Kontabilitatearen Kontzeptu-Esparruak, kontabilitatearen oinarriak ezartzen ditu. Bertan adierazten dira kontabilitatearen helburua zein den, hori lortzeko betebeharrak, printzipioak, osagaiak eta erregistro eta balioespen irizpideak. Lehen zati hau ondo ulertzen ez bada, kontabilitateak zentzurik ez daukala esan genezake." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60233,2023-03-03,"In recent decades there have been many advances in the field of education, making traditional education less valuable and giving way to new, more modern and complete educational methods that put the complete attention on the pupil. Nowadays there are different teaching models with which to carry out the subject of Physical Education (sports education, cooperative learning, Personal and Social Responsibility, etc.), so that the most appropriate one can be chosen according to the contents to be taught and the objectives to be achieved. In this work, a Didactic Unit based on the teaching model of Personal and Social Responsibility is designed and carried out with the aim of discovering whether it is an effective method to carry out with Primary Education pupils and to analyse the results of this intervention, concluding whether or not the objectives set have been met.","Azken hamarkadetan hezkuntza-eremuan aurrerapen handiak egin dira, hezkuntza tradizionalak balioa galdu baitu eta ikaslearengan arreta osoa jartzen duten hezkuntza-metodo modernoago eta osatuagoei bidea ireki baitzaie. Gaur egun Gorputz Hezkuntza irakasgaia gauzatzeko hainbat irakaskuntza eredu aurkitu daitezke (kirol-hezkuntza, ikaskuntza kooperatiboa, Erantzukizun Pertsonal eta Soziala, etab.), horrela, irakatsi nahi diren edukien eta lortu nahi diren helburuen arabera egokiena aukeratu daiteke. Lan honetan, Erantzukizun Pertsonala eta Soziala irakaskuntza-ereduan oinarritutako Unitate Didaktikoa diseinatu eta praktikan jartzen da, garai berriekin bat datorren materiala sortzeko eta Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleekin gauzatzeko metodo eraginkorra den ezagutzeko helburuekin. Horretarako, esku-hartze horretan lortutako emaitzak aztertzen dira, helburuak bete diren ala ez ondorioztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75393,2025-11-05,"This Master’s Thesis investigates the technical and economic feasibility of a hybrid offshore energy system combining floating wind turbines with a deep-sea hydro-mechanical energy storage solution known as the Ocean Battery. The system harnesses hydrostatic pressure at depths exceeding 1000 meters to store energy as potential energy, using a closed-loop cycle with freshwater-filled flexible bladders. The study presents a comprehensive model that includes wind resource assessment, electrical system design, fluid dynamics calculations, mechanical configuration, and a detailed cost analysis. A modular, surface-anchored design is proposed to avoid seabed excavation, reduce environmental impact, and improve maintainability. Various technical alternatives are evaluated, including reversible turbines and corrosion-resistant materials. Economically, the system still faces high costs per unit of stored energy (LCOS of 777.4 USD/MWh), but it emerges as a promising alternative for remote offshore locations where traditional batteries or land-based pumped hydro are unfeasible. The research concludes that, with improvements in standardization, scaling, and policy support, this system could play a key role in the decarbonization of marine energy infrastructure.","Master Amaierako Lan honek sistema hibrido baten bideragarritasun tekniko eta ekonomikoa aztertzen du, non eoliko flotatzaileak eta ozeano hondoan kokatutako energia biltegiratze hidro-mekanikoa —Ocean Battery izenekoa— konbinatzen diren. Sistemak 1000 metro baino gehiagoko sakoneran dagoen presio hidrostatikoa baliatzen du energia potentzial moduan gordetzeko, ur gezaz betetako barruko zirkuitu itxi baten bidez. Lanak eredu integrala garatzen du: haize-baliabideen azterketa, sistema elektrikoaren diseinua, fluidoen dinamika eta diseinu mekanikoa, kostuaren estimazio zehatza barne. Azterketak azalera-anplatutako diseinu modularra proposatzen du, itsas hondoan indusketa-lanak saihestu, mantentze-lanak erraztu eta ingurumen-inpaktua murrizteko. Hainbat aukera teknologiko ebaluatzen dira, turbina itzuligarriak eta korrosioarekiko erresistenteak diren material aurreratuak barne. Ekonomikoki, sistemak oraindik energia metatuaren kostu unitario altua du (LCOS: 777,4 USD/MWh), baina konponbide baliagarritzat aurkezten da bateriak edo ur-pumpea ezin ezarri daitezkeen offshore kokalekuetan. Ikerketak erakusten du estandarizazioa, eskalatzea eta politika publikoko laguntza hobetuz gero, sistema honek itsas inguruneetako deskarbonizazioan funtsezko papera izan dezakeela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16273,2015-12-01,"During the development of this Bachelor Thesis (TFG) in the 2014-2015 academic year a SCARA-type robot, which operate frequently in the industry, was used. The objectives were to perform a kinematical analysis and program paths that the robot could complete. Firstly, the State of the Art was studied. This part describes industrial robotics and its historical development until today, development that shows a bright future. Besides, some particularities linked to the SCARA have been described: its characteristics, its relevance and its history. When it comes to the robot, a kinematical analysis was carried out on the first place. By means of matrix-based methods the position and velocity problems have been solved, in order to program them using MATLAB. Once the kinematical behaviour of the robot was cleared, the experimental work with the real robot led to a better understanding of its components, its functioning and its control. After that, using the acquired knowledge, some paths have been programmed with the own language of the robot, the V+ language. Finally, the robot was instructed to follow the programmed motion. This Thesis is completed with the task description by means of a Gantt diagram, the budget, the statement of expenses and the risk analysis.","2014-2015 kurtsoan zehar eginiko Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) honetan SCARA motako robot batekin egin da lan, industrian erabilera handia daukana. Lanaren helburuak zinematikaren azterketa eta robotak egiteko moduko mugimenduen programazioa dira. Gaiaren Egoerari ekin diogu lehenik eta behin, non robotika industriala zein bere bilakaera historikoa deskribatu diren, gaur egungo egoerararte. Etorkizun oparoa aurreratzen duten zantzuak ere aipatzen dira. Horrez gain, SCARA robotari dagozkion berezitasunak deskribatu ditugu: ezaugarriak, bere garrantzia eta historia. Robotari dagokionez, SCARAren analisi zinematikoa burutu da lehenengoz. Metodo matrizialak erabiliz posizio eta abiadura problemak ebatzi dira, ondoren MATLABen programatu ahal izateko. Behin bere zinematika ulertzea lortu denean, bere funtzionamendua, osagaiak eta kontrola menperatzea lortu da, robot berarekin tailerrean lan eginez. Azterketa horiei esker aurrera jarraitu ahal da: robotaren V+ lengoaia ikasi eta erabili da, mugimenduen programazioa egin ahal izateko eta gero robotarekin ibilbideak eginez. Lanaren edukia biribiltzeko atazen deskribapena (Gantt diagrama bidez), aurrekontua, gastuen aitorpena eta arriskuen analisia burutu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25015,2007,"This article tries to promote a better understanding of political, socio-economic and cultural barriers that women immigrant, victims of violence, must face, from the point of view of current Canadian Law, considering different context: juridical and social, national and international. The analysis of the violence against women victims, in a precarious situation, in Canada, proves the exploitation of women immigrant. The exploitation of women victim is studied from the point of view of human rights, and the tensions, concerning the social services, between the Community and the State are analyzed.","Biolentziaren biktima izan diren emakume etorkinen hesi politiko, sozio-ekonomiko eta kulturalen ulermena bultzatu nahi du artikulu honek, kontutan hartuta ingurune juridikoa eta soziala, bai nazio mailan baita nazioarte mailan ere, kanadako legeriaren arabera. Kanadan migrazio egoera prekario batean dauden emakumeek pairatu duten biolentzia aztertuta, emakume etorkinen kontrako bortxak azaltzen digu. Horrela, emakume kaltedunen ikuspegitik aztertzen da explotazioa, baita giza-eskubideen ikuspegitik ere, eta komunitate eta estatuaren arteko tentsioak ikertzen dira, gizarte zerbitzuen erlazioari dagokionez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16275,2015-12-01,"The main aim of this Final Project is to automatize a two-linear-axis-warehouse, with the deadline of programming an operator panel so that both an average user and a specialized users can introduce whether they want to insert or take out an object, indicating the position with a coordinate system which is based on dividing the shelves of the warehouse in rows and collumns. In order to do so, part of the control hardware has been changed, including the long established positioning module (IP 246) which, so far had been the controller of the warehouse. This module is limited by an outdated software, with no possibility of implementing an operator panel with the requirements that today’s industry demands. In addition, a S7-300 CPU will be used instead of the SIMATIC S5 CPU which had been used with the old module.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia bi ardatz lineal dituen biltegi bat automatizatzea da, amaierako xedea operadore panel bat programatzea izanik. Horrela, edozein erabiltzaile zein operadorek ahalko dio makinari agindu pieza bat jaso edo utzi nahi duen, pieza horren kokapena apalak zutabe eta ilaratan banatzen dituen koordenatu sistema baten bidez zehaztuz. Horretarako, kontrol hardware-aren zati bat aldatuko da, honen barne biltegia kontrolatzen zuen IP 246 kokapen modulu zaharra dagoelarik. Kokapen modulu hau antzinako software batera mugatuta dagoenez, ez da nahikoa gaur egungo industriaren eskakizunei aurre egiteko. Horretaz gain, CPU S7- 300 bat ere erabiliko da; antzinako modulu SIMATIC S5 bat erabiltzen zelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42072,2020-03-10,"In terms of Education, this project is intended to show the importance of working and fostering emotional education by corporal expression. The main aim of this project is to desing and to evaluate materials to be used by corporal expression behind a emotional competence prospective. For all that, it is an essay to perform the emotional competence with children from 5 to 7 years old of Primary teaching education, developed in Didactic Secuence of six lessons. Furthermore, appart from the six lessons, two more lessons were made to students mixing the previous six lessons contents. The last two lessons were developed more complexly to the major development of the corporal expression competence. After implementing all the material afore mentioned, it has been concluded that infants are not able to express their emotions in a real way. Nevertheless, in general, students are able to understand their emotional situation. Therefore, is considered really important the implementation of the emotional education into the official curriculum, to satisfy students needs and to work with them in a natural way","Hezkuntza arloan hezkuntza emozionala landu eta sustatzearen garrantzia dela medio, lan honetan, konpetentzia emozionalak Gorputz Adierazpenaren bitartez lantzeko proposamen bat aurkezten da. Honen helburua, konpetentzia emozionalak Gorputz Adierazpenaren bitartez jorratzeko heziketa materiala diseinatu eta Lehen Hezkuntzako lagin batean inplementatzea eta ebaluatzea da. Hori horrela, Lehen Hezkuntzako 5-7 urte bitarteko haurrekin konpetentzia emozionalak lantzeko proposamen baten saiakera bat da. Horretarako, sei saioko Sekuentzia Didaktiko bat sortu da, eta diseinatutako jarduera guztiekin konplexuagoak diren beste bi saio osatu dira, ikasleekin konpetentzia emozionalen lanketa praktikan jarri ahal izateko. Material horren inplementazioaren ondoren, haurrak haien emozioak era egokian sentitu eta adierazteko gai ez direla ondorioztatu ahal izan da, baina, oro har, ikasleek haien egoera emozionala ulertzen dutela kontrastatzen da, nahiz eta bere osotasunean izan ez. Hortaz, hezkuntza emozionala sustatzearen eta hau curriculum ofizialean txertatzearen garrantzia goraipatzen da, ikasleen beharrak asetu eta era natural zein erreal batean lantzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23466,2017-11-14,"Muscular hypertrophy is generated when the synthesis of contractile proteins is higher than their degradation. This is caused by specific hypertrophy stimulus. It is estimated that the genetic component has had 35%-80% of influence on muscular hypertrophy. The aim of this research is to clarify that genotypes are related to specific hypertrophy response, by means of the different responses to training that can occur in some people taking into account their genetic factors. For that reason, a meta-analysis has been done and it has concluded with a selection of 5 articles. However, our purpose has not been achieved due to the heterogeneity of the articles. In order to make future research in relation to hypertrophy possible, a revision based on one of the selected articles has been carried out. Such revision has analysed 17 genes in relation to strength and hypertrophy (CCL2, CCR2, FST, GDF8/MSTN, IL15, IL15Rα ACE, ACTN3, ANKRD6, BMP2, IGF1, LEP, LEPR, RTN, SPP1 NOS3 CNTF). In view of the results, more complete research with an agreed methodology is needed, in which a combination of genes and environmental factors are related, therefore making it possible to find a specific hypertrophy response dependent on the genetic profile of the athlete.","Hipertrofia uzkurdurako proteina sintesia bere degradazioa baino handiagoa denean sortzen da. Mekanismo hori estimulu hipertrofiko zehatzengatik sortzen da. Konponente genetikoak gihar hipertrofian %35-%80ko eragina duela estimatzen da. Burutu den ikerkuntzarekin hipertrofiaren erantzun zehatzekin ze genotipo dauden erlazionatuta argitzea espero da, genetikaren araberako entrenamenduaren ondorioz sortzen diren erantzun ezberdinak aurkituz. Horretarako, meta-analisi bat burutu da, zeinetan bost artikulu aukeratuak izan dira. Hala ere, artikuluen heterogeneotasunagatik haien analisia ezin izan da aurrera eraman. Hipertrofiaren inguruan etorkizuneko ikerkuntzak errazteko errebisio bat burutu egin da. Errebisioa aurrera eramateko, aukeratutako artikulu bat erabili da eta honek indarra eta hipertrofiarekin 17 gene erlazionatzen ditu (CCL2, CCR2, FST, GDF8/MSTN, IL15, IL15Rα ACE, ACTN3, ANKRD6, BMP2, IGF1, LEP, LEPR, RTN, SPP1 NOS3 CNTF). Emaitzak ikusita, ikerketa osoagoak eta metodologia adostuta daukatenak beharrezkoak dira. Gainera, ikerketa hauetan gene anitzak eta ingurune faktoreak erlazionatu beharko dira, kirolariaren dotazio genetikoaren arabera erantzun hipertrofiko bat zehazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54041,2021-11-23,"Inglés: Through this project, the analysis of shared photovoltaic self-consumption is carried out by means of dynamic distribution coefficients that favour self-consumption and self-sufficiency. To do this, the first thing is carried out research around the energy communities, analysing their operation, regulations, restrictions and different possibilities that they offer. Then, a set of programs is developed using the Matlab tool to estimate the energy that an energy community could generate from the horizontal radiation of a particular place. Finally, different options of energy communities are considered and each type is analysed, with the aim of finding the best configuration for each one, taking into account the power, inclination, azimuth, distribution coefficient and investment coefficient.","Euskera: Proiektu honen bitartez, banaketa koefiziente dinamikoen bidezko autokontsumo fotovoltaiko partekatuaren analisia egiten da, zeinek autokontsumo eta autosufizientziari mesede egiten dioten. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, komunitate energetikoen inguruko ikerketa egiten da, hauen funtzionamendua, araudia, murrizketak eta eskaintzen dituzten aukera desberdinak aztertzeko. Ondoren, Matlab erramintaren bidez, programa sorta bat garatzen da, toki konkretu bateko erradiazio horizontaletik abiatuta, komunitate energetiko batek sortu lezakeen energia kalkulatzeko. Azkenik, komunitate energetiko ezberdinak proposatzen dira eta hauetako bakoitzak dituen berezitasunen azterketa egiten da, bakoitzarentzako potentzia, inklinazio, azimut, banaketa koefiziente eta inbertsio koefiziente egokiena bilatzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36864,2019-12-12,"This final degree Project is focused on the design of support structure for a test stand for a hybrid rocket motor. This test stand will be used exclusively by the BiSKY Team. BiSKY Team is an educational project of the UPV, its purpose is to design and fabricate hybrid propelled rockets. Thanks to this structure they will be able to earn know-how about the motor and its behavior. In the test stand, the thrust, vibrations, temperatures, and other parameters will be measured using sensors. All this information will be very important for the future design of a rocket.","Lan hau suziri motor hibrido baten test stand batean erabilitako euskarri egitura baten diseinuan datza. BiSKY team izeneko talde unibertsitarioaren erabilpen esklusiborako eraikiko da. BiSKY Team EHUko irakaskuntza-proiektu bat da, propultsio hibridoko suzirien diseinu eta frabrikaziorantz bideratua. Egitura honi esker, hainbat datu neur ditzakegu, hala nola, motorraren bultzada, errekuntza ganbera baten haizebideak kitzikaturiko frekuentziak eta deformazioak, bakarrik esperimentuen bidez lor daitezkeenak. Datu hauek oso baliotsuak dira etorkizunari begira suziri bat diseinatzeko" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15067,2015-05-07,"This Project, fruits of my Final Year Project, aims to describe the most relevant aspects of the Wireless Intrusion Detection Systems (WIDS), such as its history, performance, architectures, deployment and future. After this, the main aim of the project will be exposed. The proposal of a generic WIDS architecture and the development of Antikörper, a Network IDS based fully functional WIDS, which covers all the needs of the actual Wireless LAN networks and which is adaptable for future revisions.","Proiektu honek, nire Gradu Amaierako Lanaren fruituak bezala, Wireless Intrusion Detection Systems (WIDS)en alderdirik garrantzitsuenak aurkeztuko ditu, esaterako beraien historia, funtzionamendua, arkitektura, inplementazioa edo etorkizuna. Horren ondoren, proiektuaren funtsezko helburua aurkeztuko da. WIDSen arkitektura generiko baten proposamena eta Antikörperen garapena, Network IDSetan oinarrituko WIDSa, guztiz funtzionala, Wireless LAN sareetako segurtasun beharrak guztiz asetzen duena esta etorkizunerako berrikuzketentzat moldagarria izan dezakeena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54009,2021-11-23,"District Energy Systems are one of the most efficient ways of supplying heat and cold to a group of consumers. However, it is necessary to operate these systems as efficiently as possible, especially District Cooling systems in which for various technical reasons optimum operation is essential for cost-effective operation. This is the aim of this project, which focuses particularly on the cooling distribution networks of District Cooling systems. In order to know the operation of a distribution network in depth, depending on its size, it is necessary to take into account the inertias in the network, both thermal and hydraulic, and for this a dynamic modelling is necessary, which means that the variables to be modelled are excessive. Therefore, different network reduction methods will be studied, with the aim of obtaining equivalent networks with fewer variables, and they will be applied to the case of the District Cooling network of Basurto hospital. The network reduction processes will be automated using Matlab and the results obtained will be simulated with the network simulator of Tekniker's thermal engineering department.","District Energy Systems kontsumitzaile-talde bati beroa eta hotza emateko modurik eraginkorrenetako bat da. Hala ere, sistema horiek ahalik eta modurik eraginkorrenean funtzionarazi behar dira, batez ere District Cooling sistemetan, non, arrazoi teknikoengatik, ezinbestekoa da funtzionamendu egokia errentagarria izateko. Eta helburu horrekin abiatzen da proiektu hau, bereziki District Cooling sistemen hotza banatzeko sareetan oinarritzen dena. Banaketa-sare baten funtzionamendua sakonki ezagutzeko, haren tamainaren arabera, beharrezkoa da sareko inertziak kontuan hartzea, bai termikoak, bai hidraulikoak, eta, horretarako, modelatze dinamikoa beharrezkoa da, eta horrek modelatu beharreko aldagaiak gehiegi izatea dakar. Beraz, sareak murrizteko hainbat metodo aztertuko dira, aldagai gutxiagoko sare baliokideak lortzeko, eta Basurtuko ospitaleko District Cooling sarearen kasuan aplikatuko dira. Sareak murrizteko prozesuak automatizatu egingo dira Matlab bidez, eta lortutako emaitzak simulatu egingo dira Teknikerreko ingeniaritza termikoko saileko sareen simulagailuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37060,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the following project will deal with the design and analysis of a bicycle frame. The aim is to simulate the frame under certain loads and carry out two fatigue tests, specified in the ISO 4210-6:2015 standard. Firstly, the effect that the parameters of the frame have on the performance will be studied (geometrical aspects of the frame and the materials). Once this is known, the design of the frame will be developed. In order to accomplish the project, two different types of programs were used: a CAD software for the modelling and a Finite Element analysis software for the trials. 5 different tests will be carried out: three of them concerning the study of the frame under certain loads in different cycling situations (starting, climbing and braking) and two fatigue tests according to the ISO standards (fatigue test under horizontal forces and fatigue test under a vertical force).","Laburpena: proiektu honek, bizikleta baten koadroaren diseinu eta analisia du helburutzat. Koadroak hainbat egoeratan jasaten dituen kargak simulatuko dira eta horrez gain, ISO 4210-6:2015 araudiaren araberako bi neke entsegu burutuko dira. Lehenik, koadroaren zenbait parametrok bizikletaren errendimenduan zelan eragiten duten ezagutuko da, bai karakteristika geometrikoek zein koadroaren materialek. Informazio honetaz baliatuta, koadroaren diseinu bat proposatuko da, geroxeago entseatu egingo dena. Bi programa mota erabiliko dira proiektuan zehar; bata, diseinua egiteko eta bestea, Elementu Finituen bitartezko simulazio programa bat. Koadroaren analisia 5 entseguz eratzen da: hiru entsegu txirrindulariak egoera desberdinetan transmititzen dituen indarren ikerketak omen dira (pedalei eragiten hasten denean, aldapan gora doanean eta gelditzerakoan) eta beste biak, araudiaren araberako neke entseguak (indar horizontalen neke entsegua eta indar bertikal bakarraren neke entsegua)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29371,2018-10-30,"This document is a study of the designs and the fluid-dynamic processes that are found on electrical energy generation from wave energy. Specifically, it focuses on point absorbers. Firstly, a theoretical explanation about the fluid-dynamic processes that explain wave energy capture is presented along with the factors that have an impact on said processes. Secondly, the essential features in which a wave energy converter should excel in order to show long term economic potential are addressed. To exemplify these aspects, a comparison between two different technologies, the Seabased and Wavebob buoys, is made.","Dokumentu hau olatuetatik sortzen den energia elektrikoaren diseinu eta prozesu fluidodinamikoei buruzko ikerketa bat da. Zehazki, xurgagailu puntualak jorratzen ditu. Lehenik eta behin, prozesu fluidodinamikoei buruzko azalpen teorikoa azaltzen da, non olatuetatik energia nola lortzen diren eta prozesuan eragiten duten faktoreak azaltzen den. Bestalde, energia kontserbadore bat merkatuan bideragarri izateko betebeharreko atal praktikoak azaltzen ditu. Aspektu hauek azaltzeko, bi teknologia desberdinen alderaketa egiten da, Seabased buia eta Wavebob." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69953,2024-07-05,"In recent years, questions have been raised about the effectiveness of the traditional sanctioning system for dealing with conflicts related to environmental damage derived from business activity. Faced with this problem, new perspectives on the use of criminal law have emerged, which aim to reduce the use of imprisonment and to promote alternatives focused on responsibility for the damage caused and its reparation. In this context, restorative justice emerges as a transformative approach. This study explores the potential of restorative justice in the business environment for the resolution of conflicts related to damage caused to ecosystems and living beings. The results of the research are encouraging, as they highlight the suitability of restorative justice for the resolution of this kind of environmental harms. However, international standards on restorative jus-tice must be respected and inherent limitations acknowledged. In summary, restorative justice can play a significant role in the business environment by offering both a preventive and restorative function.","Azken urteetan, zalantzan jarri da sistema zigortzaile tradizionalaren eraginkortasuna, batez ere enpresa-jarduerak eragindako ingurumen-kalteei lotutako gatazkei aurre egiteko. Arazo honen aurrean, zuzenbide penalaren erabilerari buruzko ikuspegi berriak sortu dira, espetxearen erabileraren murrizketa iradokitzen eta kalteen erantzukizunean eta konponketan oinarritutako alternatibak sustatzen dituztenak. Testuinguru honetan, justizia berritzailea ikuspegi eraldatzaile gisa agertzen da. Ikerketa honek enpresa-eremuan justizia berritzaileak dituen aukerak aztertzen ditu, ekosistemei eta izaki bizidunei eragindako kalteekin zerikusia duten gatazkak konpontzeko. Lortutako emaitzak positiboak dira; izan ere, enpresek eragindako ingurumengatazkak konpontzeko justizia berritzailea egokia dela nabarmentzen da, betiere nazioarteko estandarrak errespetatzen badira eta dagozkien mugak alde batera utzi gabe. Laburbilduz, justizia berritzaileak zeregin garrantzitsua izan dezake enpresaeremuan, prebentzio-funtzioa nahiz funtzio konpontzailea eskaintzen baititu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67756,2024-05-08,"The family is the most important group of people that guarantees the well-being, protection and stability of a child. Over the course of time, this group has evolved a great deal and, at present, the diversity of family models is wide. However, there are types of families that are not well known, such as foster families. The school, the second most significant socializing agent for children, should take into account the reality of all families in order to guarantee the well-being of all students. This Final Degree Project is born with the intention of giving a definition of the foster family and to work this type of family in the school through the materials proposed in the work. Thus, the research is presented to work and make known, through children's literature, certain personal or social problems that foster children usually experience.","Familia, haur baten ongizatea, babesa eta egonkortasuna bermatzen dituen pertsona multzo garrantzitsuena da. Denboran zehar, talde honek bilakaera handia izan du eta, egun, familia eredu aniztasuna zabala da. Hala ere, badaude guztiz ezagunak ez diren familia motak, adibidez, harrera-familiak. Eskolak, haurren bigarren agente sozializatzaile esanguratsuenak, familia guztien errealitatea kontuan hartu beharko luke ikaslego osoaren ongizatea bermatzeko. Gradu Amaierako Lan hau harrera-familiari buruzko definizioa emateko asmoz sortu da eta lan honetan proposaturiko materialen bitartez, eskolan familia mota hori lantzeko. Horrela, haurrei bideratutako literaturaz baliatuz, harrerako umeek esperimentatu ohi dituzten arazo pertsonal edo sozial jakin batzuk lantzeko eta ezagutzera emateko aurkezten da ikerketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17638,2016-03-16,"Studying the impact that “Learning Communities” project has had in Elejabarri School has been the purpose of this research, by seeing the process of change that the project has had in the school. A qualitative methodology has been used to get that goal, using the interview to collect the necessary data. These interviews have shown that “Learning Communities” has caused a great change in Elejabarri School in all the aspect that have been investigated (absenteeism, number and characteristics of students, attitudes, relationships and results). Therefore, the conclusion that has been reached is that this project is being very effective at this school.","Burututako ikerketa honen bidez, Ikas Komunitateen proiektuak, Elejabarri eskolan izan duen eragina ikustea bilatu da, eskolan sortu den aldaketa prozesua aztertuz. Horretarako, metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da, elkarrizketa erabiliz, beharrezko datu eta informazio guztiak lortzeko asmoz. Egindako elkarrizketa hauen bidez, ikusi da, Ikas Komunitateen proiektuari esker, aldaketa nabaria egon dela eskolan, aztertutako aspektu edo kategoria guztietan (absentismo maila; ikasle kopurua eta hauen ezaugarriak; ikasleen jarrerak; ikasleen, irakasleen eta familien arteko harremanak eta ikasleek lortutako emaitzak). Hori dela eta, Ikas Komunitateen proiektuak, eskolan eragin handia izan duela ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69665,2024-10-03,"Herman Melville’s novella Billy Budd, set in a ship in war time, exposes the arguments that lead the Captain to execute a sailor, based on the strict application of the law and on a potential threat of mutiny. This morally ambiguous verdict presents a profound question about justice, whose answer is entangled in different topics of philosophy of law such as utilitarianism, the banality of evil, obedience and disobedience of the law, tragic cases and moral dilemmas. Analyzing the events of the story through this philosophical lens, the notion of justice will be examined, exposing at the same time the richness that both law and literature can gain by interacting with each other.","Herman Melvillen Billy Budd istorioa, gerra garaian itsasontzi batean ematen dena, Kapitaina marinal bat exekutatzera eramaten duten argudioak azaltzen ditu, oinarri bezala legearen aplikazio zorrotza eta matxinatze mehatxu potentzial bat hartuz. Moralki zalantzagarria den epai hau justiziari buruzko galdera sakon bat aurkezten du, eta haren erantzuna zuzenbidearen filosofiarekin erlazionatuta dauden gai desberdinetan korapilatuta dago: utilitarismoa, gaizkiaren hutsalkeria, legearekiko obedientzia eta desobedientzia, kasu tragikoak eta dilema moralak, besteak beste. Istorioaren gertakerak filosofiaren bidez aztertuz, justiziaren nozioa ikertu egingo da, aldi berean, zuzenbideak eta literaturak elkarrekintzaren bidez lor dezaketen aberastasuna azaleratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23354,2017-09,"The aim of this work is to calculate the capacity of the tooth at bending stress using ISO 6336 standards. For that effects the Excel program will be used. Using basic data, the user will be able to know if pair of gears will support the bending stress or not. Starting by the data given by the user and assuming certain suppositions, theoretical results will be obtained. With this results and following the standard methodology the user will arrive to the coefficients with which the theoretical results can be turned to the real working situation. Always inside of the margin of safety that the standard offers. By this way the user will have a fast and useful tool to do first approximation in the calculous.","Lan honen helburua engranajeen iso 6336 norma erabiliz, engranajeen hortzen erroan makurdura jasateko gaitasunaren kalkulua egin nahi da. Honetarako Excel programa baliatuko dugu. Erabiltzaileak engranaje bikote baten engranajeek makurdura jasango duten edo ez duten jasango jakin dezake, aurrez zehaztu beharreko datu batzuen menpe. Horretarako erabiltzaileak sarturiko datuetatik abiatuz hasierako datu teorikoak lortuko dira oinarrizko suposizio batzuk onartuta. Lortutako datu teoriko hauek normaren prozedurak erabiliz, beharrezko koefizientean kalkulatuz, datu errealetara itzuliko dira. Beti ere normak eskaintzen digun segurtasun neurri baten barruan. Honela modu azkar eta erabilgarri batean hasierako kalkuluak egiteko tresna izatea du helburua Excel honek." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23092,2017-09,"In emergencies where a patient's life is in danger, breathing is the most important life-sustaining constant. If a patient were to lose his breath, he would also lose his pulse, seriously compromising his health, causing irreversible damage or even death. This project aims to design a respiratory signal monitoring system. These signals will be obtained from the transthoracic impedance of several patients, will be processed to obtain a clearer signal, easy to be understood by humans and, finally, will be shown in a monitoring system along with the respiratory rate. To achieve these objectives, on the one hand, the BIOPAC system has been used to obtain bioimpedance signals and, on the other, the MATLAB software for signal processing and monitoring system implementation.","Pertsona baten bizitza arriskuan dagoen larrialdietan, arnasketa bizi ezaugarririk garrantzitsuena da. Arnasketa galduko balitz, ondorioz, taupadak ere galduko litzateke, gaixoaren Osasuna arriskuan jarriz, kalte itzulezinak eraginez edo, are gehiago, heriotza. Lan honen helburua arnasketa seinaleak monitorizatzeko sistema baten diseinua da. Seinale horiek pertsona batzuen inpedantzia transtorazikoaren bidez lortuko dira, ondoren prozesatuak izango dira seinale argiagoak eta gizakiek interpretatzeko errazagoak lortzeko eta, azkenik, sistema-monitore batean erakutsi egingo dira arnasketa-frekuentziarekin batera. Helburu hau lortzeko, erabili izan dira, alde batetik, BIOPAC sistema bioinpedantzia seinaleak lortzeko eta, bestetik, MATLAB softwarea seinaleak prozesatzeko eta monitorizazio sistema inplementatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23131,2017-07,"The purpose of this dissertation is to improve the functionality of the unicycles. The design of a hub which makes possible to have two gears in a unicycle has been made. The knowledge acquired while studying the Industrial Technology Engineering Degree has made it possible to complete this dissertation. This work is arranged in a clear order: different technological options of the unicycle world and other options that can be useful have been analyzed so as to be capable of identifying the pros and the cons and then choose and develop one of them. Firstly, different options within the field of unicycles and others that can be useful have been examined. This work appears in the part of alternative analysis. With the information obtained, various possibilities have been compared and one of them has been chosen with the purpose of developing it. The development of the product is explained in the methodology part and in the appendix. On the one hand, a design has been built using the program SolidWorks. On the other hand, a model of the situation has been created with the purpose of doing different calculations and finishing the design of some pieces. Those calculations have made possible to get the strength needed to reach a specific acceleration and the mechanic strength that different pieces should need. Lastly, the activities needed for carrying out the dissertation, the conclusions and the possible future works are described.","Lan honetan, Industria Teknologiako Graduan jasotako jakintzak baliatuz, monoziklo baten martxa bi edukitzea ahalbidetzen duen ardatz bat diseinatu da hutsetik hasita. Horrela, monozikloen erabilgarritasuna hobetzea bilatu da. Lan honek ildo nagusi bat jarraitzen du: monozikloen arloan dagoen teknologia edo honetara egokitu daitezkeen teknologia mota desberdinak aztertu euretako bat aukeratu eta garatzeko. Beraz, lana honako egitura edukiko du: Hasieran, monozikloen munduan dauden aukera desberdinak aztertu dira. Baita arlo honetarako erabilgarriak izan daitezkeen beste aukera batzuk ere. Guzti hau alternatiben analisia atalean ageri da. Informazio honekin aukera desberdinak konparatu egin dira eta euretako bat garatzea erabaki da. Ondoren, metodologia atalean eta eranskinetan, garapena burutu da. Alde batetik, produktuaren diseinu bat egin da SolidWorks programaren bitartez. Bestetik, egoeraren eredu bat sortu da kalkulu desberdinak egin ahal izateko eta produktuaren osagai batzuen diseinua guztiz zehaztu ahal izateko. Kalkulu hauekin azelerazio jakin bat lortzeko beharrezkoa den momentua lortu da. Horrela, osagaien erresistentzia mekanikoa zein izan behar den lortu ahal izan da. Azkenik, lan hau aurrera eramateko jarraitu diren atazak, ateratako ondorioak eta aurrerago aztertu daitezkeen ildoak zehaztu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25118,2004,"The data of several studies, made in the autonomous regions Basque Country and Navarra, about the dominant values of the population as well as their evolution in the last decade, are commented. Considering the results obtained in these researches, the religious and social reality in the Basque Country is analyzed, and the question of the internal plurality of the Basque society is tackled, explaining the different ways to understand this plurality. Finally is suggested an explanatory hypothesis of the particular connotations that the secularization process in the Basque Country has had.","Euskaldunen eta nafarren baloreak, Euskal Herriko Autonomi Erkidegoko eta Nafarroan egindako ikerketen datuen bitartez komentatzen dira, baita azken hamarkadan jasan duten eboluzioa ere. Ikerketa horietan jasotako emaitzak kontutan hartuta, Euskal Herriko errealitate erlijiosoa eta euskal gizartean dagoen aniztasuna aztertzen da, aniztasun hori ulertzeko hainbat era azalduz. Azkenik, Euskal Herrian sekularizazioak izan dituen bereiztasunak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29788,2018-11-26,"This project consists of the development of a database including all the space projects made by SENER database with easy access and intuitive utility. This virtual encyclopedia, it is called Aerospedia because it belongs to the Aerospace business unit of SENER. This is based on the MediaWiki platform, the same used for the famous Wikipedia. In performing this database, some templates have been created so the information remains homogenized. These templates have to include the great variety of space projects made along the company history. Additionally, an information net has been created allowing a prompt access with few clics to the desired subject.","Proiektu hau SENER-ek egindako espazioko proiektuen irismen erraza eta erabilpen intuitiboa daukan datu-base bat egitean datza. Enziklopedia birtual honeri Aerospedia deitu zaio, SENER-en negozio unitate aeroespazialari dagokiolako. Hau, MediaWiki plataforman oinarrituta dago, Wikipedia famaturako erabilitako softwarea izanik. Datu base hau egiteko eta informazio guztia homogenizatzeko, zenbait txantiloi eratu dira. Hauek proiektu guztien aniztasuna eta konplexutasunak barne hartu behar dituzte. Gainera, informazio sare zabal bat sortu da klik gutxitan nahi den informaziora heltzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25567,1995,"Different questions related to penitentiary voluntary work in Italy are explained, and it is analysed the role of voluntary workers from legislation, from the voluntary assistants and from prisoners, pointing out the importance of training starting from voluntary associations to carry out its labour attendance.","Italiako espetxeetako bolondresgoari buruzko gai desberdinak agertu egiten dira eta langile bolondresaren papera aztertzen da legegintzatik, bolondresengandik eta giltzapean dauden pertsonengandik, bolondresgo elkarteetatik abia dezan prestakuntza baten garrantzia azpimarratuz, bere laguntzarako lana garatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/56793,2022-05-18,"This article aims to provide an overview, from the social sciences, about the plague epidemics that the city of Vitoria suffered between the 14th and 17th centuries. So that it can serve as a historical contextualization to the collective of researchers from scientific areas that rekindle the interest of the Plague from new fields such as paleoclimatology, archeology or ancient DNA techniques, without forgetting the current consideration of re-emerging disease.","Artikulu honek XIV. eta XVII. mendeen artean Gasteizko hiriak jasan zituen izurriteei buruzko ikuspegi orokorra ematea du helburu, gizarte-zientzietatik abiatuta. Horrela, eremu berritzaileetatik hala nola, paleoklimatologia, arkeologia edo antzinako DNA teknikak, gaixotasunaren beragerpenaren ardura ahaztu gabe, izurritearen interesa berpizten duten eremu zientifikoetako ikertzaileentzako testuinguru historiko gisa balio ahal izango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16177,2015-11-24,"Organizational innovation is a relatively new phenomenon, which holds fewer studies than needed, and therefore, it is important to analyze it in depth. Innovation at the organizational field consists in the introduction of new business practices into work organization or company procedures, new methods in the work stations organization and external relationships management techniques with other private companies or public institutions; a noteworthy useful action for the tough current socio-economic situation of Spain. The main objective of this essay is to understand what is the behavior of the Spanish innovative companies related to organizational innovation activities, taking into consideration their amount of employees, their investment in innovation, the billing and their foundation date; as well as, analyzing the degree of importance of several objectives in organizational innovations that have been introduced in the companies by means of a previous analysis in the “The Technological Innovation Panel”","Antolakuntzako berrikuntza ekimen berri xamarra denez, behar baino ikerketa gutxiago egin dira arlo horri buruz, eta hortik dator, hain zuzen ere, aztertzearen garrantzia. Antolakuntza eremuko berrikuntza enpresa praktika berriak sartzean datza, lanaren antolakuntzan nahiz enpresen prozeduretan, antolakuntza metodo berriak lan lekuetan eta beste enpresa batzuekiko zein erakunde publikoarekiko kanpoko harremanen kudeaketa metodo berriak; izan ere, ekintza oso baliagarria, gaur egun Espainiak bizi duen egoera sozio-ekonomiko zailean. Antolakuntza berrikuntza jardueretan berritzaileak diren Espainiako enpresen portaera zein den ezagutzea du helburu lan honek, zenbait eragileren arabera, langile kopurua, berrikuntza arloko gastua, fakturazioa eta sortu ziren urtearen arabera, hain zuzen ere, baita enpresetan sartu diren antolakuntza berrikuntzen zenbait helbururen garrantzi-maila aztertzea ere, PITEC deritzon berrikuntza teknologikoko paneletik datozen datuen azterketaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36863,2019-12-12,"A prototype to perform facial scans based on photogrammetry is being developed with the collaboration of the Cruces hospital. With the Raspberry Pi and its camera, the prototype makes different photographs and creates a virtual object of the subject. For this reason, it is necessary to design a structure,as light as possible, which contains all the hardware integrated. In order to decrease in time, material and cost duringthe design and manufacturing process, the generative design is used, a new tool incorporated in Solid Edge software. Using this tool, several possible solutions of the different parts of the structure are obtained. These pieces are functionally equivalentto those originally designed but experience a considered reduction in material.","Aurpegiko eskanerrak egiteko fotogrametrian oinarritutako prototipo bat garatzen ari da, Gurutzetako Ospitalearen laguntzaz. Raspberry Pi-k lortutako argazki batzuen bitartez aurpegiaren eredu birtual bat lortzen da. Horretarako, hardware guztia bere barnean inplementatuta duen egitura arin bat diseinatu behar da. Diseinatzeko eta fabrikatzeko behar den denbora, materiala eta dirua murrizteko Solid Edge softwarean aurkitu daitekeen herraminta berria “diseinu sortzailea” izenekoa, erabiliko da. Teknika honen bitartez lortzen diren pieza berriak, jatorrizko piezekin konparatuz funtzionalki baliokideak dira eta haien arteko desberdintasuna materialaren murrizpena izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54313,2021-12-02,"A computer controlled magnetic field measuring system designed for the magnetic characterization of a particle accelerator's Low Energy Beam Transport's (LEBT) solenoids is presented. The measuring system was assembled from commercially available components, mainly a Hall sensor and an XYZ positioner, whose selection and implementation is discussed. The measuring system was calibrated and tested on three different experiments. Then, the results of the solenoids' characterization and a comparison between simulated and measured fields are shown. The solenoids' measured field will be used to improve the beam dynamics simulations and through these, the best operation parameters for the LEBT can be found. An unexpected result of this work was that a fault in the manufacturing of the solenoids was discovered.","Ordenagailu bidez kontrolatutako eremu magnetikoen neurketa-sistema aurkezten da, partikula-azeleragailu baten Energia Baxuko Izpien Garraioa (LEBT, ingelesezko siglen arabera) osatzen duten solenoideen karakterizazio magnetikoa burutzeko. Neurketa-sistema komertzialki eskuragarri dauden elementuetan oinarrituz diseinatu da, Hall sentsore batetik eta XYZ mahai batetik nagusiki, zeinen hautaketa eta inplementazioa eztabaidatzen den. Neurketa-sistema hiru esperimentu desberdinen bidez kalibratu eta frogatu da. Jarraian, solenoideen karakterizazioaren emaitzak aurkezten dira, baita neurtutako eta simulatutako eremuen arteko konparazioa ere. Solenoideen eremuaren neurketa izpiaren dinamikaren simulazioak hobetzeko erabiliko dira eta horien bidez LEBTrako parametro optimoak aurkitu ahal izango dira. Lan hau burutzean ustegabeko akats bat aurkitu zen fabrikazioan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20225,2017-01-11,"The main objective of this project is the creation of the synthetic voice, that is an artificial voice, of a well-known person working with the already existing AhoTTS system, a Text To Speech Conversion System whose function is to translate any input text into audio signals with the protagonist's voice. The famous person from whom we obtain the synthetic voice is the journalist Matías Prats and thanks to that we achieve the main purpose of this project which is the proof of the capacity of this system in terms of the similarity reached. In this document it will be explained the process that has to be done to create a synthetic voice using the AhoTTS system and the final result obtained after finishing this process.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia pertsona famatu baten ahots sintetikaren sorrera da, hots, artifiziala; AhoTTS sistemaren bidez. Konbertsio sistema bat da, edozein sarrera-testu protagonistaren ahotsarekiko audioaren seinaleak bihurtzeko gai dena. Proiektua lortutako ahots sintetikoa Matías Prats kazetari famatuarena da, eta hari esker sistema honen helburua betetzen da; sistemaren ahalmena erakusten da, lortutako ahotsaren antzekotasunari dagokiona frogatzen. Dokumentu honetan ahots sintetikoa lortzeko prozesua azalduko da; AhoTTS sistemaren bidez, eta prozesua bukatzerakoan lortutako emaitza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16167,2015-11-24,"The main objective of this work is to analyze the evolution of the organizational structures adopted by enterprises, so as the introduction of the Information and Communication Technologies in bussines area. It will also be analyzed the change of vertical integration strategy, to the actual trend of outsourcing, as well as crowdsourcing and its two most actual areas, the crowdfunding and the Open Source tecnhology. Finally the project is enlightened with the analysis of a real case centered in the evolution of the Eroski Group, its strategy and bussines model, in addition to the influence of the TIC and its movements linked to outsourcing.","Lan honek empresek denboran zehar antolakuntza egituretan jasan dituzten aldaketak eta, haietan, Informazio eta Komunikazio teknologiek izan duten harrera aztertzen du. Era berean, lanean zehar integrazio bertikalaren aldaketak lantzen dira ikuspegi estrategikotik, eta gainera, beste egitura batzuk aztertzen dira, joera berriak adierazten dituztenak, azpikontratazioa edota crowdsourcing-a esaterako, azken hau bere bi alderdi jorratuenekin batez ere, crowdfunding eta Open Source teknologia. Amaitzeko, Eroski taldearen garapenan oinarritutako kasu praktiko bat ikertzen da, hartu dituzten estrategiak eta negozio modeloa aztertuz eta IKT-en eta azpikontratazio mugimenduen eragina ikusiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37073,2019-12-19,"Given the problem that there are some patients whose respiratory masks do not fit perfectly and therefore do not receive enough air, the need arose to create a personalized union between the respiratory masks and the faces of the patients.The proposedsolution is to create an adaptor between the mask and the areaof interest of the face. This adaptor couldbe printed in 3Din the future andthanks to the scanning technology used, it can be fittedto each case.To do this, scans of the faces of three people with different facial features will be made. The proposal to obtain this scans is a prototype of photogrammetry that is currently in the Hospital de Cruces. Ten scans of each subject will be obtained and later one of those ten will be chosen. To verify the reliability of the choice, a comparison between the ten scans will be made to ensure that the chosen one is true to reality. In addition, the same study will be done with an industrial scanner called GO and the results will be compared.For the subsequent processing and comparison of these scans, a free software, GOM, will be used. It will also be used to finally reverse engineer and get a surface that willserve as the base of the adaptor","Arnasa-maskara behar duten pazienteen artean ohikoa da maskarak gaizki egokitzea. Ondorioz, pazienteek ez dute aire nahikoa jasotzen. Arazo honi irtenbidea emateko asmoz, arnasa-maskaren eta gaixoen aurpegien arteko egokitzaile pertsonalizatuta egitearen ideia sortzen da.Proposatutako konponbidea, maskararen eta aurpegiko interes-zonaren arteko egokitzailea, 3D imprimagailu baten bidez eratu ahalko da. Eskaner teknologiari esker aurpegi bakoitzari egokitzeko ahalmena izango du. Horretarako, hiru pertsonen aurpegiak aztertuko dira, Gurutzetako Ospitalean dagoen fotogrametria prototipo bat erabiliz. Hamar eskaneo lortuko dira pertsona bakoitzeko. Hamar horietatik bat aukeratuko da eta aukeraren fidagarritasuna egiaztatzeko, hamar eskaneoen arteko konparazioa egingo da. Horrez gain, prozesu bera jarraituko da GO izeneko industria eskanerrarekin eta emaitza berri hauek aurrekoekin alderatuko dira. Eskaneohorien prozesamendua eta konparazioa egiteko, GOM software librea erabiliko da. Azkenik, egokitzailearen oinarria izango den gainazala lortzeko alderantzizko ingeniaritza erabiliko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22934,2017-07,"Due to a more conscious mind about resources’ management, energy efficiency in the building is gaining more and more attention among the fields of the science and technology, when the efficiency gets enhanced the users of the installations of heating and ACS benefit an economic saving. The boiler is the most important part in this sort of facility. That is why throughout this document different sort of boilers are going to be analysed energetically and exergetically in order to choose the best one. In addition, after one of them is chosen, an experiment carried out with it is described. This analysis and experiments provide all the needed assistance to understand how the boiler works and why is the one who best fits according to: the demand, the features of the installation of the dwelling and outdoor temperature.","Gaur egun daukagun baliabideen gaineko kontzienziazio handiagoaren eraginez, eraikin berrien energiaren efizientziak gero eta garrantzi eta arreta handiagoa eskatzen du egungo testuinguru zientifiko eta teknologikoan, gainera alderdi hontan lortutako hobekuntzek dakartzaten aurrezpen ekonomikoek erakargarriak dira berogailu eta ur-bero sanitarioen instalazioen erabiltzaileengan. Galdarak garrantzi handia dauka izaera hontako instalazioetan, horregatik haren aldagai energetiko zein exergetikoaren azterketa sakonak eskaerari, bizilekuaren izaerari eta kanpo-tenperaturari hobekien egokitzen zaizkion galdara hautatzeko aukera ematen du. Bestalde, aukeraturiko galdararekin froga moduan esperimentu bat burutu beharko da, hauen analisiek eskaintzen duten datuen bitartez galdara egokiena aukeratzea errazagoa eginez, ondorengo irizpideak jarraituz; eskaria, etxearen instalazioaren ezaugarriak kontuan hartuz, eta azkenik kanpoko tenperaturara ere neurtuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23205,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to simulate the movement of different bearings and to understand the concept of spatial kinematics, making it easy to program and design a graphical user interface to understand and analyze the spatial kinematics in the subject of secondary mechanics. The following three types of bearings have been selected for this objective: cylindrical ball bearings, cylindrical roller bearings and conical rollers. MatLab has been used in order to carry out this project, which it has a highly detailed, calculative and technical language with a wide range of interactive environments that is ideal for the representation and analysis of programs, graphs or data and algorithms. Once the programming is finished, the student can see the movements of different bearings and calculate their speeds.","Proiektu honen helburua, errodamendu ezberdinen mugimendua simulatzeko eta zinematika espazialaren kontzeptua ulertzeko, erraza den erabiltzaile interfaze grafiko baten programazioa eta diseinua burutzea da, bigarren mailako Mekanika ikasgaian ematen diren zinematika espazialeko ezagutzak hobetu ulertu eta aztertu ahal izateko. Horretarako, hurrengo hiru errodamendu mota aukeratu dira: boladun errodamendu zilindrikoa, errodilodun errodamendu zilindrioa eta errodilodun errodamendu konikoa. Programa hau burutu ahal izateko, MatLab erabili da, maila handiko kalkulu lengoai teknikoa duen eta ingurune iteraktibo zabala barneratzen duen programa, grafiko edota datuen eta algoritmoen irudikapenerako eta analisirako aproposa dena. Behin programazioa amaituta egonda, ikasleak errodamendu ezberdinen mugimenduak ikusi eta haien abiadurak kalkulatzea posible izango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24806,2015,"Trade and transport between Guipúzcoa and Navarre was essential for both. The integration of Guipúzcoa into Castile in 1200 did not change their commercial ties, thanks to the privileges given to their merchants. During the 16th century, after the conquest of Navarre in 1512, the relationships kept on without changes, though the conflicts increased due to the collision of jurisdictions, laws and its interpretations.","Gipuzkoa eta Nafarroa arteko merkataritza eta garraioa garrantzi handikoa izan zen bi lurraldeentzat. Lehenengoa 1200. urtean Gaztelako Koroan sartzeak ez zituen merkataritzaharreman estuak aldarazi, bi koroak saiatu baitziren bi jarduera horiek errazten bi aldeetako merkatariei pribilegioak emanez. XVI. mendean, 1512an Nafarroa konkistatu ondoren ere, merkataritza-harremanek aldatu gabe jarraitu zuten, nahiz eta gatazkak gogortu, legeek eta horien interpretazio ezberdinek elkarren aurka talka egin zutelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53130,2021-09-21,"EN: In search of higher and more constant wind speeds the wind energy sector is shifting offshore. In Europe 80% of the available offshore wind resource is found in waters that are over 60 meters deep, where fixed bottom offshore wind stops being cost-effective and floating foundations designed for deep waters need to be deployed. Spain and Portugal stand out as countries with a very high potential to develop floating offshore wind, but the sector needs to significantly reduce the LCOE to be able to compete with other renewable energy technologies. In this project a tool is developed to evaluate the impact of innovations in floating offshore wind on the LCOE coupled with a protocol to model said impact. The tool is developed in Excel and Visual Basic, and it is composed by a cost and energy production model to which the results of the innovation’s impact evaluation, conducted following the defined protocol, can be incorporated.","EUS: Haize abiadura handiago eta konstanteagoen bila energia eolikoa offshorera bideratzen ari da. Europan, itsas eolikoaren baliabideen %80-a 60 m baino sakonago kokatuta dago, non oinarri finkodun itsas eolikoa ez da errentagarria eta ur sakonentzat diseinatutako subegitura flotakorren ezarpena beharrezkoa den. Espaina eta Portugal nabarmentzen dira itsas energia eoliko flotagarria garatzeko pontentzial handiko herrialde gisa, baina sektoreak LCOE-a nabarmen murriztu behar du beste teknologiekiko posizio lehiakorra lortzeko. Proiektu honetan itsas energia eolikoko berrikuntzak LCOE-n duten inpaktua ebaluatzeko tresna bat garatzen da esandako inpaktua modelizatzeko protokolo batekin batera. Tresna Excel eta Visual Basic programen bidez garatu da, eta kostu eta energiaren sorkuntzaren modelo batez osatuta dago, zeini protokoloari jarraituz egindako berrikuntzen inpaktu analisiaren emaitzak erantsi ahal zaizkion." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45246,2020-07-09,"In recent decades, the demand for energy supply is coming to take great strides and society will face a challenge to continue supplying this growth. In addition, CO2 emissions are increasingly a concern, and, in recent years, there has been a transition towards sources of renewable energy generation. Among these, marine energy is undoubtedly one of the least explored and that is why it has great potential at the level of exploitation in research and development. In this project the dimensioning of the energetic generation of tidal current and its viability in the implantation in different geographic locations is analyzed.","Azken hamarkadetan, energia horniduraren eskaria aurrerapauso handiak ematen ari da, eta gizarteak erronka bati aurre egingo dio hazkunde hori hornitzen jarraitzeko. Gainera, CO2 isuriak gero eta kezkagarriagoak dira, eta, azken urteotan, energia berriztagarria sortzeko iturrietaranzko trantsizioa egon da. Horien artean, itsas energia da, zalantzarik gabe, gutxien aztertu direnetako bat da, eta horregatik du potentzial handia ikerketa eta garapenean ustiapen mailan. Proiektu honetan marea-korrontearen energia-sorkuntzaren dimentsionamendua eta hainbat kokapen geografikotan ezartzeko bideragarritasuna aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25021,2006,"Terrorism produces serious politic, economic and social problems, not only for the Estate but for victims, relatives and the whole community too. Now it is present through new techniques and strategies, boosted by globalization. Starting from the definition of terrorism, and analysing briefly the typology of terrorists, different forms of victimization and their impact as well as strategies and victimological responses are studied, and different models to face these phenomena are examined.","Terrorismoaren fenomenoak arazo politiko, ekonomiko eta sozialak sortarazten ditu, ez bakarrik Estatuari baizik eta kaltetuei, beraien senideei eta komunitate osoari ere. Globalizazioak indartuta, egun teknika eta estrategia berriekin agertzen zaigu. Terrorismoaren definizioa kontutan hartuta, eta terrorista desberdinen tipologia aztertu eta gero, biktimazio forma desberdinak hausnartzen dira, bere eragina, estrategia eta erantzun biktimologikoak, eta era berean fenomeno honi aurre egiteko laguntza eredu desberdinak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73466,2025-05-08,"In this Final Degree Project, research is carried out about music therapy and the benefits it provides to children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). To this end, a bibliographic search is carried out that feeds the work with relevant information issued by experts in the field. In addition, in order to collect first-hand information, a structured interview is proposed that is carried out with professional music therapists, who give their point of view about the educational reality. With all this, it has been shown that music therapy has a positive effect on students suffering from this disorder. Finally, personal conclusions and opinions are written.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua duten haurren inguruan ikertzen da. Modu berean, musikoterapiak ematen dizkien onurei buruzko ikerketa sakona egiten da. Horretarako, bilaketa bibliografiko bat eramaten da aurrera, arlo horretan adituak diren pertsonek emandako informazio garrantzitsuarekin elikatzeko. Gainera, lehen eskuko informazioa biltzeko, elkarrizketa egituratu bat planteatzen da, musikoterapeuta profesionalekin aurrera eramaten dena eta hezkuntza-errealitateari buruzko duten ikuspuntua azaleratzen duena. Guzti honekin, agerian geratu da musikoterapiak eragin positiboa duela nahasmendu hau daukaten ikasleengan. Amaitzeko, ondorio eta iritzi pertsonalak nabarmentzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29277,2018-10-23,"The present final degree project describes the design of a table with two axis which makes cutting operations. It will be considered the programation, launch of the control systems, consign generation and the assembly of the already mentioned axis. It will not be considered the cutting tool corresponding part, and due to the lack of material, neither the motors or the sensors could be assembled. Therefore, the final tests could not be performed. Nevertheless, the programation of the machine was completed and the programs were checked by simulation. The programation of the CPU allows the execution of polygons, circumferences, tangentials and skew curves, covering most of the objects present in the industry.","Gradu-amaierako lan honek ebaketa lanak egiteko bi ardatzeko mahai baten diseinua deskribatzen du. Bertan kontrol sistemen eta aginteen sorreren programazioa eta abiaraztea aztertuko dira, baita ardatzen beraien muntaketa ere. Ez da kontuan hartuko ebaketa-erremintari dagokion zatia eta, material gabeziagatik, ezin izan dira muntatu ez motorrak ezta sentsoreak ere, eta horrexegatik ezin izan dira azken probak egin. Halere, makinaren programazioa burutu da, eta simulazio bidez programak egiaztatu dira. CPUren programazioari esker poligonoak, zirkunferentziak, ukitzaileak eta kurba kopatuak egin daitezke, industrian dauden geometrien gehiengo nagusia barnean hartzen direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23428,2017-11-10,"English: The work here proposed present a real-time solution for the Forward Kinematics Problem (FKP) of the parallel robot 3-PRS using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The problem of determining the position of the effector depending on the position of the robot actuators implies the resolution of a non linear equation system without an analytic solution. Generally, is solved using numerical methods which obtain high precision but at high computational cost. For this purpose Radial Based Functions (RBF) neural networks will be used in order to solve the FKP reducing the computational time an therefore the computational cost.","Euskera: Gradu amaierako lan honetan 3-PRS errobotaren problema zinematiko zuzenari (DKP), denbora errealean irtenbide bat bilatzen diogu, neurona-sare artifizialaren (ANN) bitartez. Arazo honen mamia errobotaren eragingailuarekin eralazio zuzena duen efektorearen posizioa zehaztean datza. Honetarako erantzun analitikorik gabeko ekuazio ez-lineal sistema bat ebatzi behar da. Normalean zenbaki metodo batzuk erabiltzen dira horretarako, zehazpen altuko erantzunak lortuz, baina gastu konputazional oso altu baten truke. Lan honetan oinarri erradialeko funtzioen neuronal-sareak erabiliko dira errobotaren arazo zinematiko zuzena ebazteko, exekuzio denbora eta kostu konputazionala murriztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23313,2017-09,"This document presents the studies that have been made about the new riveting technologies. The aim of the research is to explain and evaluate the ability of those technologies to solve the issues appeared when using the pneumatic method, in particular with new high performance materials used in automotive and aerospace structure joints. The research will consist of a state of the art of the technologies and a discussion about the result of some experimental analysis carried out.","Dokumentu honetan errematxaketa teknologia berriei buruz burutu diren ikerketak aurkezten dira. Ikerketak bi helburu nagusi ditu: lehenegoa teknologia berri hoiek azaltzea. Eta bigarrena, automozio eta aeronautika sektoretan modu pneumatikoa erabiltzerakoan agertzen diren arazoak, prestazio nagusiko materialekin batez ere, konpontzeko duten gaitasuna ebaluatzea. Ikerketan bia atal desberdinetzen dira, teknologien state of the art eta burututako proben emaitzak eztabaidatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50159,2021-02-12,"Nowadays, the proportion of women that are pursued to science and technology fields is lower than the men that are dedicated to it. This work is centred on detecting the teaching strategies that are used in Primary Education classrooms to empower girls in STEM fields. For that purpose, a mixed research has been carried out by using an ad-hoc designed questionnaire. Once the answers have been analysed, it has been noticed that teachers use coeducation widely, bringing students up on respect, tolerance and equality. Likewise, a gap of specific teaching strategies used to empower girls in STEM subjects has been detected.","Gaur egun zientzia eta teknologia arloan diharduten emakumezkoen proportzioa txikiagoa da gizonezkoena baino. Lan honen ardatza Lehen Hezkuntzako geletan neskak STEM arloan ahalduntzeko erabiltzen diren irakaskuntza – estrategiak detektatzea da. Horretarako, ikerketa misto bat egin da, ad-hoc galdetegi baten diseinuaz baliatuta. Behin erantzunak aztertuta, irakasleek orokorki hezkidetza erabiltzen dutela ikusi da, errespetuan, tolerantzian eta berdintasunean heziz. Era berean, neskak ahalduntzeko irakaskuntza – estrategia konkretuen hutsune bat dagoela hauteman da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42007,2020-03-09,"This research work determines the need of a new educational paradigm focused on creating people who reason, reflect and are able to analyze the abundant information around them. Faced with this, it offers a vision of the importance of developing critical thinking and highlights the role of active methodologies and teachers, who see their teaching identity transformed. The fundamental objectives of this research carried out in 3rd Primary Education have been to analyze the impact that research-based learning methodology has on the development of critical thinking in Primary Education, and at the same time, to analyze the impact of this practice on building my teaching identity. The methodology used has been ethnography along with a case study, based on questionnaires, visual methods and a teaching journal. The findings raise the relevance of the relationship between the implementation of research-based learning methodology and further development of critical student thinking. In addition, the importance of the reflexion, emotional aspects and the tensions and dilemmas generated in the classroom in relation to the construction of teaching identity is raised.","Ikerketa-lan honek, arrazoitzen, hausnartzen eta inguratzen dituen informazio ugaria analizatzeko gai diren pertsonak sortzera fokuratutako heziketa-paradigma berriaren beharra zehazten du. Honen aurrean, pentsamendu kritikoa garatzeko garrantziari buruzko ikuspegi bat eskaintzen da eta metodologia aktiboen eta irakasleen papera azpimarratzen da, zeinek bere irakaskuntzaren identitatea eraldatuta ikusten dute. Ikerketa honen funtsezko helburuak, ikerketan oinarritutako ikasketako metodologiak Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. mailako ikasleen pentsamendu kritikoaren garapenean duen inpaktua analizatzea, eta aldi berean, praktika honek nire irakaskuntzaren identitatearen eraikuntzaren gainean duen eragina analizatzea izan dira. Erabilitako metodologia etnografia izan da kasu-ikerketarekin batera, galdeketetan, ikuste-metodoetan eta irakaskuntzaren egunkarietan oinarrituta. Konklusioek ikerketan oinarritutako ikasketako metodologiaren inplementazioaren eta ikasleen pentsamendu kritikoaren garapen handiagoaren arteko erlazioaren garrantzia planteatzen dute. Bestalde, irakaskuntzaren identitatearen eraikuntzari dagokionez, gogoetaren, alderdi emozionalen eta ikasgelan sortutako dilemak eta tentsioen garrantzia planteatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19335,2016-10-19,"The use of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers in the field of medicine has been a breakthrough due to their several advantages. Between these polymers we can find the polymers which are used to do hydrogels. The use of these gels has become very popular because of their properties and applications. These hydrogels can be physical or chemical depending on their chemical link. In the group of physically cross-linked hydrogels we can find poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) gels which are triggered by changes in temperature ( are liquid at 4ºC and gel in 37ºC), and which are injectable and useful for drug delivery. However, these hydrogels have very poor mechanical properties, and they deliver very fast de medicine. Due to these problems, by means of this research work, some glass particles (BG) have been added to PVA/CS hydrogels structure and analyzed the effect of these particles in the drug delivery and in other properties. Everything has been done in a solution that represents human body conditions.","Polimero biodegradagarri eta biobateragarrien erabilerak medikuntza arloan aurrerapauso garrantzitsu bat suposatu du izan ditzaketen abantailak direla eta. Polimero horien artean hidrogelen erabilera oso arrakastatsua bihurtu da hauek dituzten propietate eta aplikazioengatik. Hidrogelak fisikoak edo kimikoak izan daitezke beraien lotura kimikoaren arabera. Fisikoen artean polibinil alkohol (PVA) eta kitosano (CS) bidez sortutakoak aurki ditzakegu, tenperatura aldaketa bati esker sortzen direnak (4ºC likido dago eta 37ºC gel bihurtzen da) ,injektagarriak direnak eta medikamentu liberaziorako erabili daitezkeenak. Hala ere, hidrogel hauek fisikoak izanik propietate mekaniko nahiko eskasak dituzte eta medikamentu liberazioa azkarregi egiten dute. Hori dela eta, ikerketa lan honetan arazo hori konpontzeko asmoz CS eta PVA-ezko hidrogelei beira partikula batzuk sartu zaizkie (Bioglassa (BG)) eta giza gorputzaren antzeko baldintzak dituen disoluzio baten bidez partikula hauek medikamentu liberazioan eta beste propietate batzuetan duten eragina aztertu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24444,2017-09,"The current project attempts to design measure and manufacture a racing quadcopter, that is, a four-propeller multirotor, able to compete against others of its same class.","Hemen aurkezten den proiektua lazterketarako quadcopter bat diseinatzen, nehurritzen eta fabrikatzen saiatzen da, hau da, lau helizes osatutako multi-errotore bat, bere parekoen aurka lehiatzeko gai dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25111,2004,"The analysis of young people’s culture implies the study of the “cyberculture”, and is specifically important the notion of body to determine the sense of the physical aggression. Young people belonging to this culture play with their bodies and their lives, exhibiting the possibility that the body is nothing, and believing that there’s not much difference between living and dying. It is possible that the existence of these values creates a new youth for which the violence has become something daily.","Kulturari buruzko gazteen analisiak, “ziberkultura” deritzan fenomenoaren azterketa bat suposatzen du, haren barruan berriz, garrantzitsua da gorpuaren kontzeptua, eraso fisikoen zentzua zehazteko. Gazteek, kultura horren barruan beren gorpuekin jolasean aritzen dira, baita beren biziekin ere, gorpua ezer ez dela adierazten dute, eta heriotza eta bizitzaren artean ez dagoela ezberdintasun handirik. Posible da balore horien egonak biolentzia normaltzat hartzen duen gazteri berri bat sortzen aritzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14377,2015-02-10,"This project consists in analyzing an ordinary building, located in the north part of the peninsula, which needs an energy restoration. We shall study every possible component that may cause the greatest energy losses: windows, façade, roof, lights and boiler. Right after that, we’ll carry out some improvement suggestions so as to reduce the losses. Next, we will make the investment budget to let the client know the estimated price, as well as the profitability of this energetic plan. Once the study is finished, the construction work would be accomplished, just reaching our goal: an energetically efficient and worthwhile building.","Proiektu hau, penintsularen iparraldean kokatutako errehabilitazio energetikoa behar duen edozein eraikin aztertzean datza. Lehenik, energia kopuru handiagoa gal dezaketen elementu guztiak ikertuko dira; hala nola, leihoak, etxaurrrea, teilatua, argitazpena eta galdara. Ondoren, galera hauek murrizteko hobekuntza proposamen batzuk garatu, eta bezeroak egin behar duen inbertsioaren aurrekontua burutuko da, baita produktuaren errentagarritasuna ere. Ikerketa hau amaitutakoan, lanak egingo dira, energetikoki eraikin eraginkorra eta errentagarria lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25278,2001,"The Project of the Law passed on 16 November 2000, about the modification of the Law 10/1995, of 23 November, about the penal Code, and the Law 5/2000, of 12 January, that regulates the criminal responsibility of the minors, in relation to terrorism crimes is analyzed. Thus, the objectives of this reform are explained: to aggravate the penalties because of conducts of urban terrorism, to legislate specifically the riots and quarrels to support the terrorists in the municipal Plenary sessions, to increase the disqualification penalty for the sentenced terrorists, to legislate the apology and the conducts of humiliating terrorism victims, or to increase the time of confinement in closed regime.","2000ko azaroaren 16an aprobatutako lege organikoaren proiektua aztertzen da, 1995eko azaroaren 23 datako lege organikoa, kode penala, eraldatzen duena eta baita adingabekoen erantzukizun penala erregulatzen duen 5/2000 lege organikoa terrorismoari bideratua. Eraldaketa honen helburuak azaltzen dira terrorismo jokaerak zigor gogorragoz zigortzea, terroristentzat ezgaikuntza zigorrak gogortzea, apologia tipifikatzea, terrorismoaren biktimak direnen aurkako irainak tipifikatzea, edo eta barnerapen zigorren epeak luzatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36512,2019-11-27,"Thorough the completion of this Final Degree Project the low-level design of the Robotino mobile platform and the WidowX robotic arm attached to it is developed in order to control them. The used equipment will be analysed from the hardware and software point of views to later program applications in ROS (Robot Operating System) using the Python language. With this project, basic robotic services are meant to be offered regarding transport and manipulation in the context of a flexible fabrication system.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan zehar Robotino plataforma mugikorra eta harengan akoplatuta dagoen WidowX beso manipulatzailea kontrolatzeko maila bajuko diseinua garatuko da. Erabilitako ekipamendua hardwareko eta softwareko ikuspuntuetatik analizatuko dira, geroago ROS (Robot Operating System) sistema eragilean aplikazioak programatzeko Python hizkuntza erabilita. Proiektu honekin, oinarrizko zerbitzu robotikoak eskaini nahi dira garraio eta manipulaziorako fabrikazio malguko sistemetako testuinguruan" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16483,2015-12-16,"This work aims to meet the energetic supply of Abadin’s municipality located in the province of Lugo, taking advantage of the wind resources of the area. This will require an analysis of the total demand of the people and of the wind conditions in the area. Then, the proper emplacement will be chosen where the wind conditions are suitable to install the wind system. Known these data, a wind turbine will be elected and the power that it provides will be calculated according to their characteristics. Finally, it will conclude if the designed wind system covers the energy needs of the municipality or not.","Lan honen helburua Abadín-eko udalaren energiaren eskaria asetzea da, zonaren baliabide eolikoak aprobetxatuz. Hartarako, populazioaren eskariaren eta zonako haizearen baldintzen analisi bat beharrezkoa izango da. Lur kokapena aukeratuko da haize baldintzak sistema eolikoa jartzeko egokitzen diren tokian. Datu hauek ezagututa, haize-sorgailu bat aukeratuko da eta bere ezaugarrien arabera ematen duen potentzia kalkulatuko da. Azkenik, diseinatutako sistema eolikoak udalaren behar energetikoak estaltzen baditu ondorioztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54042,2021-11-23,"Human concern as well as awareness about the forthcoming climate change is increasingly visible nowadays in society and, therefore, emerging technologies capable of changing the course and creating a more sustainable energy sector will play a really important role in the closer future. One of these novel technologies is known as Vehicle-to-Grid or V2G, since it is a technology which can work in both directions of energy flow. When this technology is integrated into the electric vehicle (EV), the vehicle can be charged when the user needs it (as it has been done until now), but the vehicle it also can provide energy to the grid when the network needs it, thus improving the use of renewable energies and stabilization of the connection to the grid. In this work, firstly, the different V2G technologies that appear in the current literature have been studied, being able like this to choose the most suitable for the characteristics of the EV to which it has to be then integrated. Subsequently, the development of the adopted solution has been carried out, it has been implemented in PSIM and, finally, the results of the different simulations have been presented in order to validate the correct operation of the converter.","Gaur egungo gizartean gizakiak berehalako klima-aldaketari buruzko duen kontzientziazioa zein kezka gero eta nabarmenagoa egin da, eta, beraz, etorkizun hurbilean garrantzia handia izango dute norabidea aldatzeko eta sektore energetiko jasangarriago bat sortzeko gai diren teknologiek. Teknologia horietako bat “ibilgailutik sarera” edo V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) bezala ezaguna da, energia fluxuaren bi norabideetan funtzionatzeko gai den teknologia baita. Hau da, teknologia hau ibilgailu elektrikoarekin integratzen denean adibidez, erabiltzaileak behar duenean ibilgailua kargatzeko aukera izango du, baina aldiz, sareak behar duen beste une batzuetan, ibilgailu elektrikoak azken honi energia eman ahal izango dio; horrela, energia berriztagarrien erabilera zein sare elektrikorako konexioaren egonkortasuna hobetuko dira. Lan honetan, lehenik eta behin, gaur egungo literaturan dauden V2G teknologiak aztertu dira, eta, horrela, integratu beharreko ibilgailu elektrikoaren ezaugarriekin bat datorren konfiguraziorik egokiena aukeratu ahal izan da. Jarraian, hautaturiko soluzioa garatu da, PSIM-en inplementazioa eginez ondoren, eta, azkenik, egindako simulazio ezberdinen emaitzak aurkeztu dira bihurgailuaren funtzionamendu egokia baliozkotzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67761,2024-05-08,"Bullying is a reality that occurs frequently today in the school environment. The goal of this Final Degree Project was to design and implement an intervention for the prevention of bullying, based on the KIVa program and the Peer Tutoring plan, using the Theater of the Oppressed methodology. In a subsidized school in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, the complete intervention was put into practice with 75 students (3 groups) in the sixth year of Primary Education. For this, five sessions were necessary. The general goals of the bullying awareness and prevention intervention were met. In addition, as seen in the results, the intervention had a positive impact on the students and improvements were noted in the relationships, respect and collaboration of the students. Consequently, it can be affirmed that the Theater of the Oppressed methodology can be a useful and adequate methodology to prevent bullying.","Eskolan, elkarren arteko jazarpena gaur egun ematen den errealitate bat da. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua eskola jazarpenaren prebentziorako esku-hartze bat diseinatzea eta martxan jartzea zen, KIVa programan eta Berdinen Arteko Tutoretza planean oinarrituz eta Antzerki Foro metodologia erabiliz. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko eskola itunpeko batean, Lehen Hezkuntzako seigarren mailako 75 ikasleekin (3 ikastaldeekin) esku-hartze osoa praktikan jarri zen. Horretarako, bost saio behar izan ziren. Esku-hartzearen helburu orokorrak bete ziren, hots, jazarpenaz kontzientzia hartzea eta horren prebentzioa sustatzea. Gainera, emaitzetan ikusi zen bezala, esku-hartzeak eragin positibo bat izan zuen ikasleengan eta aldaketa bat bizi zen ikasleen harremanetan, errespetuan eta lankidetzan hobekuntzak nabaritu zirelako. Ondorioz, esan daiteke antzerki foro metodologia eskola jazarpena prebenitzeko metodologia baliagarria eta egokia izan daitekeela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16431,2015-12-11,"This document describes the design of two essential systems in the rear of a racing motorbike, the chain tensioning system and coupling of rear brake calliper. Alongside these systems will be designed, because of its importance, the swing arm of the bike. These designs must guarantee a set of geometric and resistant requirements and ensure the stability and security of the pilot anytime. At this writing the study of the manufacture of all the elements of the systems is also performed, in order to make viable designs, that are economically feasible and maintaining a high level of quality. In the project the different alternatives of systems that can be adopted with their advantages and disadvantages will be analysed, so, it will be possible to choose, with a high degree of security, the option that best meets the objectives and conditions of the project. It should be pointed out that this project is located inside a larger one, which consists in the design and manufacturing of a racing motorbike to participate in an international tournament called MotoStudent. In this competition different universities of all over the world are involved and the aim for every student team is to successfully design, develop and manufacture a racing motorbike prototype similar to those used in the Moto3 world level category.","Dokumentu honetan lehiaketarako motor baten atzeko-trenean ezinbestekoak diren bi sistemen diseinua proposatzen da, kate tenkagailuaren sistema eta atzeko balaztaren pintzaren akoplagailuarena. Hauekin batera eta hauekiko duen garrantzia dela eta, motorraren baskulagarriaren diseinua ere egingo da. Diseinu hauek baldintza geometriko eta erresistente batzuk betez, eta gidariaren oreka eta segurtasuna momentu orotan bermatuz egingo dira. Sistema bakoitza osotzen duten elementu bakoitzaren fabrikazioaren ikasketa ere burutuko da. Horrela diseinu bideragarriak, ekonomikoki egingarriak eta kalitate gradu altu bat mantenduz egin ahal izateko. Proiektuan, hartu daitezkeen sistema ezberdinak aztertuko dira, euren abantaila eta desabantailekin, segurtasun maila altu batekin ezarritako baldintza eta xedeak hobeto betetzen dituen aukera hartzeko helburuarekin Nabarmendu beharra dago, lan hau garrantzi handiagoko beste proiektu baten barnean aurkitzen dela, zeina lehiaketa internazional batean parte hartzeko, motorra baten diseinu eta fabrikazioa egitean datza, MotoStudent izenekoa. Lehiaketa hau mundu mailako unibertsitateen artean egiten da eta bertan ikasle taldeek Moto3 mailan erabiltzen diren motozikleten antzekoa den prototipoa diseinatzearen eta hedatzearen erronkari aurre egin behar diote." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14358,2015-02-06,"The aim of this study is to analyse the different stadards used in sustainable building design according to indicators. In order to achieve a more practical perspective, it has been studied the Project of a house built with the Passivhaus standard in Junguitu, a village close to Vitoria-­‐Gasteiz. The Project has been devided in eleven points: Building´s orientation, compactibility, thermal isolation, thermal jumpers, air tightness, ventilation system, heating system, windows, entrance door and electrical system. In each point several solutions have been studied. Always hoping to obtain the system that best suits each building´s necessities.","Lan honen helburu nagusia etxebizitzen diseinu iraunkorrean erabiltzen diren irizpideak adierazleen erabilpenaren bitartez aztertzea da. Ikuspuntu praktikoago batetik abiatzeko, Gasteiztik hurbil kokatzen den Jungitu herriko Passivhaus motako etxebizitzaren proiektuaren ikasketa egin da. Azken hau hamaika ataletan banatu da: eraikinaren orientazioa, trinkotasuna, isolamendu termikoa, inertzi termikoa, zubi termikoak, airearekiko iragaiztasuna, aireztapen sistema, berotze sistema, leihoak, sarrera atea eta instalazio elektrikoa. Bakoitzeko instalazio soluzio ezberdinak eta hoboteon egokitzen denaren hautapenerako behar izan diren irizpideak behatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14329,2015-02-03,"The aim of this project is the analysis and improvement of a cooling system in the LCCE laboratory in which the Basque Government (EJ/GV) and the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) take part. After the use of the system for a period of time, the heat exchanger for the air part gets filled with ice due to the humidity that the moist air has and the low temperatures, causing a non-desired loss of power. Thus, on the following text, some alternatives are proposed in order to make the ice disappear and recover the normal operation of the system. For this purpose, the installations in the LCCE laboratory have been used, as well as the help of the employees of the latter. The data from the cooling system (temperatures, flows, humidity, etc...) are collected in an Excel automatically, which makes the work easier. The work is structured as follows: Introduction and description of the system. Alternatives and the methodology of the work. Conclusions, sources of information and annexes","Proiektu honen helburua Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Eraikuntza Kalitatearen Kontrolerako Laborategiaren hozte-sistema baten analisi eta hobekuntza da. Sistema honen bero trukatzaileak, denboraldi batean etengabe erabiltzean, izotzez betetzen da, haize hezeak daukan ura dela eta. Hortaz, hurrengo testu honetan izotz horrekin bukatzeko eta funtzionamendu normalera bueltatzeko aukerak proposatzen dira. Horretarako, EKKL-aren instalazioak eta laborategiaren langileen laguntza erabili dira. Hozte-sistemaren datu guztiak (tenperaturak, emariak, hezetasuna, etc...) Excel batean gordetzen dira automatikoki, lana asko errazten dutelarik. Lana hurrengo moduan egituratu da: Sistemaren sarrera eta deskripzioa Alternatiben analisia eta erabilitako metodologia Konklusioak, informazio iturriak eta eranskinak" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29159,2018-10-18,"The globalization process that the socioeconomic system has experienced throughout the world has caused companies to be more competitive than ever to survive in the current market. In this context, technology and connectivity have played a fundamental role in all areas of the company, which must now focus on the customer as the nerve center of its activity. In this way, given the importance of optimizing from a strategic and technological point of view the relations of the company with its clients, in the present work has been carried out an analysis of the CRM systems (Customer Relationship Management) in order to understand its operation within a company and to know its state of current technological development. Likewise, this project has also carried out a market study of the main CRM providers in order to present the current range of offer and show a practical and realistic view of the situation of these systems. With the completion of this work is expected to bring CRM systems and its environment to companies and individuals, and thus make a contribution of value that allows those interested to benefit from them.","Mundu osoko sistema sozioekonomikoa bizi izan duen globalizazio-prozesua eragin du gaur egungo merkatuan bizirik irauteko lehiakorragoak izateko. Testuinguru horretan, teknologia eta konektibitateak funtsezko eginkizuna izan dute konpainiaren arlo guztietan, bezeroek bere jardueraren erdigune gisa jarri behar dituzte orain. Horrela, ikuspuntu estrategiko eta teknologikotik abiatuta, enpresak bezeroekin dituen harremanak optimizatzeko, gaur egungo CRM sistemen (Customer Relationship Management edo bezeroen harremana kudeatzea) azterketa egin da, konpainiaren barruan funtzionamendua ulertzeko eta gaur egungo garapen teknologikoko egoera ezagutzeko. Halaber, proiektu honek CRM hornitzaile nagusien merkatu ikerlan bat egin du egungo eskaintza aurkezteko eta sistemen egoeraren ikuspegi praktikoa eta errealista eskaini ahal izateko. Lan hau amaituta, CRM sistemak eta ingurumena enpresei eta partikularrentzat gerturatzea espero da, horregatik, interesa dutenek haiengandik onura ateratzeko balioa ematen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25633,1993,The author presents some considerations about what is legitimate to expect with regard to death. He distinguishes the different responses dominating in western culture. both sociological as well as anthropological.,"Egileak heriotzaren aurrean espero izatea legezkoa denari buruzko gogoeta bat egiten du eta erantzun desberdinak bereizten ditu ere, bai soziologiko bai antropologiko ezaugarrizkoak, Mendebaldeko kulturan nagusitzen direnak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37126,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the unstoppable growth of the population of Uribe-Kosta (Bizkaia) spotlighted the need of a new hospital meant to be the reference of the region. The new hospital has been built in Urduliz, and although its facilities are more than enough, the access roads to it are not.The project figure out a solution to the latter by the construction of a road that will also be used as an orbital road around Sopela, a village near Urduliz. The designed road is a single two-lane two-way road. The complete project includes the construction of a new piece of road and the improvement of an existing road. Besides, the two intersections created by the construction of the new piece of road are solved by building up two roundabouts.","Laburpena: Uribe-Kosta-ko (Bizkaia) etengabeko biztanleriaren hazkundeak, ospitale baten eraikuntza beharrezkoa izatea eragin zuen, eskualde horretako erreferentzia ospitalea izateko. Aipatutako ospitale hau Urduliz-eko herrian eraiki da, eta osasun-instalazioak haien eginkizuna bete arren, eraikinera sartzeko bide-azpiegitura urria da. Proiektuak planteatutako arazoari irtenbidea ematen dio sarbide errepide baten eraikuntzaren bidez era berean balioko duena Sopela inguratzeko, Urduliz-en udalerri mugakidea. Proiektatutako errepideak bi errei eta bi noranzko galtzada bakarra duen errepide konbentzionala da. Proiektuak errepide atal berri baten eraikuntza eta bide izatedun baten egokitzapena barne hartzen ditu. Gainera, errepidearen atal berriagatik sortutako bi bide-elkarguneak biribilgune baten bidez konpontzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60010,2023-02-20,"The main objective of social sciences is to prepare students to live together and act critically in society. To this end, it is necessary to promote appropriate methodologies and practices so that students learn with motivation and active participation during the teaching-learning process. For this reason, the aim of this research is to analyse the incidence and the need to work on burning issues in social sciences in Primary Education. In this sense, a group of 5th grade Primary School pupils and teachers from four schools took part in the research. The methodology used was quantitative and qualitative and the information was obtained through questionnaires. In conclusion, it can be said that by working on burning issues in the classroom, pupils work on their critical capacity and their motivation and participation are enhanced.","Gizarte zientzien xede nagusia, ikasleak gizartean elkarbizitzeko eta kritikoki jarduteko prestatzea da. Horretarako metodologia eta praktika egokiak sustatu behar dira, irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesuan zehar ikasleek motibatuta eta parte-hartze aktiboarekin ikas dezaten. Horregatik, ikerketa honen helburua, pil-pilean dauden gaiak Lehen Hezkuntzako gizarte-zientzietan lantzeak duen eragina eta beharra aztertzea da. Bide horretan, Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. mailako ikasle talde bat eta lau ikastetxetako irakasleak izan dira ikerketako parte-hartzaileak. Erabili den metodologia kuantitatiboa eta kualitatiboa izan da eta informazioa galdetegien bitartez eskuratu da. Ondorio gisa, esan daiteke, pil-pilean dauden gaiak ikasgelan landuz ikasleek kritikotasuna lantzen dutela eta beraien motibazioa eta parte-hartzea indartzen direla." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60243,2023-03-03,"We all have some fears, but in childhood there are many fears that stand out among children. In the following work, a theoretical section about fear has been worked on, the theme has been studied in more detail and new knowledge has been acquired. After having received theoretical information, a study was carried out for which books on the fears of children aged 0-6 years were collected from the libraries of Vitoria-Gasteiz. In fact, these children's books were used to study aspects of children's fears in depth. Specifically, what type of fear is present during the book, who is the character in the book who is afraid, how the fear is reflected, how the book ends and how the main character overcomes this fear. The general result of this study was that in most cases it is the child who has the fear and, in the end, overcomes it, and that the library is full of books related to the most common types of children's fears. So, the main conclusion is that children will identify with the main character of the book. And that literature is a very useful tool to combat these fears and learn to manage this emotion in a dynamic way. In addition, literature offers us the chance to get into themes and stories, where enjoyment and learning go together.","Denok dugu beldurren bat, baina haurtzaroan asko dira haurren artean nabarmentzen diren beldurrak. Ondorengo lanean beldurrari buruzko atal teorikoa landu da, gaian sakondu eta ezagutza berriak eskuratu egin dira. Informazio teorikoa jaso ondoren, ikerketa bat egin da, eta, horretarako, Gasteizko liburutegietako 0-6 urteko haurren beldurrei buruzko liburuak bildu dira. Izan ere, haurrentzako liburu hauen bidez haurren beldurrari buruzko alderdiak sakonago aztertu dira. Zehazki, zer beldur mota ikusten den obran zehar, nor den beldur den liburuko pertsonaia, nola islatzen den beldurra, nolakoa den liburuaren amaiera eta nola gainditzen duen protagonista beldur hori. Ikerketa horren emaitza orokorra izan da kasu gehienetan haurra dela beldur hori duena eta, azkenean, gainditu egiten duena, eta liburutegian ugariak direla haurren beldur mota ohikoenekin lotutako liburuak. Beraz, ondorio nagusia da haurrak liburuko protagonistarekin identifikatuta sentituko direla. Eta literatura oso tresna lagungarria dela beldur horiei aurre egiteko eta emozio hori modu dinamikoan kudeatzen ikasteko. Gainera, literaturak gai eta istorioetan murgiltzea eskaintzen digu, gozamena eta ikastea eskutik helduta datozelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58194,2022-10-26,"Throughout this work a problem that is part of our society, such as female criminality, has been analyzed. Thus, the aim objective of this study is to approach reality regarding the phenomenon of women offenders by adopting a multidisciplinary perspective that encompasses various theoretical perspectives. To this end, a terminological contextualisation has been carried out, followed by an approach to the historical evolution of the figure of the violent woman. Furthermore, in order to reach a greater understanding, it has been essential to investigate the criminal psychological profile of women and their main particularities. All this to subsequently analyze the legal treatment they receive, know their involvement in cybercrime and the emergence of new criminal modalities. Finally, an attempt to detect whether crime rates among women have undergone recent variations has been made , including the case of female juvenile delinquency.","Lan honetan zehar gure gizartearen parte den arazo bat aztertu da, emakumeen kriminalitatea hain zuzen. Horrela, azterlan honen helburua emakume delitugileen fenomenoaren errealitatera hurbiltzea da, hainbat alderdi teoriko biltzen dituen diziplina anitzeko ikuspegia hartuz. Horretarako testuinguru terminologiko bat egitea erabaki da eta ondoren emakume bortitzaren irudiaren bilakaera historikoa aztertu da. Ulermen hobea lortzeko emakumeen profil psikologiko kriminala eta horien berezitasun nagusiak ikertzea funtsezkoa izan da. Hori guztia jasotzen duten tratu juridikoa aztertzeko, baita ziberdelinkuentzian duten inplikazioa eta egintza kriminal berrien agerpena ezagutzeko. Azkenik, emakumeen delinkuentzia-tasek duela gutxi aldaketarik izan ote duten jakin nahi izan da, emakumeen gazteen delinkuentziaren kasua barne." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20104,2017-01-09,"The main objective of this research work has been to analyse the one and two years old children relations. To do it, it have been observed children of this age at the free game. The observation has been realized in Alonsotegi’s Haurreskola, where they follow Pikler-Lóczy model. In the conceptual field they have been explained the opinions of different authors about socialization foundations. In addition, as the research work has been carried out during the free game, it has been emphasized on the importance of the game in the social relations, explaining the necessary requirements to enrich the game. At the end of this field, keeping in mind that the conflicts are a fundamental part of the socialization, it has been analysed how it should be the participation of the educator in situations of conflict. After getting and working the information obtained in the observations during ten days, it has concluded that in this interval of age, because of the scant quantity of conflicts observed, the social relations generate more pleasure that displeasure to the children.","1-2 urteko haurren arteko harremanak aztertzea izan da ikerketa lan honen helburu nagusia, horretarako, adin tarte horretako haurren behaketa egin da jolas librean. Behaketa Alonsotegiko Haurreskolan egin da, non Pikler-Lóczy eredua abiapuntutzat hartzen den. Esparru kontzeptualean, autore ezberdinek sozializazioaren hastapenaren inguruan dituzten iritziak azaldu dira. Gainera, behaketa lana jolas librean burutu denez, jolasak harremanetan duen garrantzia azpimarratu da, jolasa aberasteko halabeharrezkoak diren baldintzak azalduz. Esparru horren azken atalean, gatazkak sozializazioaren alde garrantzitsua direla kontuan hartuz, gatazka egoeretan hezitzaileen esku-hartzea nolakoa izan behar luken aztertu da. Hamar egunetan zehar egindako behaketetatik datuak lortu eta landuz gero, ondorio nagusi bat atera da: adin tarte horretan harreman sozialek plazer gehiago sortarazten dietela haurrei ondoeza baino, ikusitako gatazka kopuru urriagatik batez ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23090,2017-09,"Sensor networks arise thanks to the technology's ability to create a network of constant capture devices, which allows us to record and store certain information, transmit data from one device to another, and then retransmit all the information to store it in a central location. Always bearing in mind that all this will work with a very low energy expenditure. In the case of industrial process automation, called mission-critical applications and investigated by the TSR group (http://www.ehu.eus/tsr_radio) of the University of the Basque Country, not only energy efficient operation is required, but also a strict data transport performance. In particular, the data must be transported to a receiver in an appropriate and reliable way. The main objective of this project is to analyze and evaluate the performance parameters for wireless sensor networks in an industrial environment. In order to be validated the use of this type of networks using the tool, software, simulation NS-3. For this, a characterization of the applications, in wireless sensor networks, according to their network performance characteristics, has been carried out, in order to obtain and classify the existing MAC protocols based on delay and reliability characteristics. In addition, in order to achieve results in the form of simulations, the functionalities of the NS-3 program have been studied and an industrial simulation environment has been created.","Sentsore-sareak, teknologiak ematen dizkigun, gailuen etengabeko harrapaketa-sare bat sortzeko aukerei esker sortzen dira. Honek, informazio zehatz bat esleitzeko eta gordetzeko, gailu batetik bestera datuak transmititzeko eta ondoren kokapen nagusian biltegiratzeko, informazio guztia emateko aukera eskainiko digu. Honetarako, energia gastu oso murriztua beharko da. Prozesu industrialetan ematen den automatizazioari erreparatuz, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko TSR (http://www.ehu.eus/tsr_radio) taldeak ikertutako, misio kritiko izeneko, aplikazioen automatizazioaren kasuan, energiaren funtzionamendu eraginkorra eskatzearekin batera, datuen garraioaren errendimendu zorrotza eskatzen da. Zehazki, datuak hargailu batera modu egoki eta fidagarrian garraiatuak izan behar dira. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, inguru industrial batean, haririk gabeko sentsore-sareen errendimendua aztertu eta ebaluatzea da. Modu honetan, NS-3 izeneko software tresnaren bidez, mota honetako sareen erabilera baliozkotzat joko da. Horretarako, sarean duen errendimenduaren ezaugarrien arabera, haririk gabeko sentsore-sareetan, aplikazioen karakterizazioa egin da. Honen helburua, atzerapen eta fidagarritasun ezaugarrietan oinarrituta dauden MAC protokoloak eskuratu eta sailkatzea izan da. Horrez gain, simulazio eran emaitzak lortu ahal izateko, NS-3 programaren funtzionalitateak aztertu dira eta industria simulazio-ingurune bat sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25023,2006,"Fast and changing developments in Criminology in the last decades makes us reflect on the actual state of the discipline. This science is, at the same time, an educational project, an interdisciplinary research field and a source for criminal policy. As an academic discipline, Criminology has overcome a notable emancipation process, and an undeniable transformation in the historic academic status of Criminology has happened. Having been an auxiliary discipline of law sciences, it is now an autonomous and independent entity with academic and scientific activities that works as a full interdisciplinary field.","Azken hamarkadetako kriminologiaren garapen bizi eta aldatzaileak, jakintzagai honen egoeraren gainean sakontzera behartzen gaitu. Zientzia hau, aldiberean, hezkuntz proiektu bat da, diziplinarteko ikerkuntza zientifikoa eta politika kriminalaren iturburu. Diziplina akademiko bezala, kriminologiak emantzipazio prozesu bat burutu du, historian zehar izan duen status akademikoaren eraldaketa ukaezina sortuz. Zientzia juridikoen laguntzaile izatetik, berezko jarduera askea edukitzera pasa da, gaur egun diziplinarteko jakintza eskubide osoz jorratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14061,2015-01-19,"Abstract: This dissertation can be regarded as a research project in that its main purpose is to analyse the conflicts that may arise in a class with five-year-olds. The risk associated with these situations, which are, on the other hand, so common in preschool classrooms, is that they can turn into aggressiveness or violence, tinging the school atmosphere, if they are not treated properly. These conflicts can be interpreted either as plain negative behaviour or, on closer examination, as learning mechanisms employed by children in order to understand and interact with a not always favourable environment. In the latter case, it is made evident that the nature of such conflicts is affected by a number of parameters such as the role that educators play, the organization, the resources provided, the development of the child, etc. From this point of view, a record of the usual classroom conflicts and their frequency has been kept, and the entries have been ordered according to their characteristics by means of tables created and adapted to this end. Their interpretation may be of help to education professionals when it comes to the effective management of conflicts.","Laburpena: Bost urteko gela batean burututako ikerketa lan honen bidez, gure inguruko eskoletan ohikoa den egoera aztertu nahi da. Hots, eskoletan ematen diren gatazka egoerak, hain zuzen ere. Gainera, argi izan behar dugu hauek ondo bideratzen ez badira biolentzia edota agresibitate egoerak bilakatu daitezkeela. Gatazka hauek bi eratan ulertu daitezke: alde batetik, umearen jokabide negatibo gisa; edota, gaiaren inguruko hausnarketa sakona eginez gero, umeak ingurunea ulertzeko eta horrekin interakzioak egiteko erabiltzen dituen ikasketa mekanismo gisa. Argi dago beraz, gatazka hauen izaera parametro ezberdinek osatzen dutela: irakaslearen papera, eskainitako baliabideak, umearen garapena, etab. Ikuspuntu honetatik lanean ikasgelan bizi izandako gatazken ezaugarrien frekuentzia erregistroa egin da. Gatazka hauen interpretazioak haur hezkuntzako irakasleei hobetu ulertzen eta honekin batera, hauek era positibo batean bideratzen lagundu ahal dizkie." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20764,1999,"The object of this article is to present a historical vision on the acceptance that Axular and his book have had over these three long centuries (Gero, 1643). The article also includes some news on what has been analysed and established in the case of Axular by contemporary research. In this sense, in addition to the opinion that society as a whole has shown on the ""urdazubiarra"" throughout history, the article also includes the testimony of various Basque writers. Special mention is also made of the areas in which research has been made over these last few years. In this way, in this work we can find, together with contributions to the biography of Axular, the principal circumstances analysed by researchers on his work, from his religious position to linguistic and literary aspects of his work. And, as it is demanded by the nature and renown of Gero, preferential attention is devoted to the results of the research on the originality of the book and its prose.","Axularrek eta haren liburuak (Gero,1643) hiru mende luzeotan barrena izan duten harrerari buruzko begirada historikoa aurkeztu nahi da artikulu honetan, egungo ikerkuntzak Axularren arazoaz aztertu eta ebatzi duenaren berri zen bait emanez. Ildo horretatik, gizarteak historian zehar urdazubiarraz erakutsi duen ikuspuntuaz gainera, euskal idazleen testigantzaren berri ere eskaintzen da. Orobat, modu berezian azpimarratzen da azken urteotako ikerkuntzak jorratu dituen alor garrantzitsuenak, batik bat islada ibliografikoa izan dutenak. Horrela, Axularren biografiari buruzko ekarpenekin batera, obraren inguruko ikerkuntzen zertzelada nagusiak aurkitu ahal izango dira bertan, planteamendu erlijiosotik hasita idazlanaren alderdi linguistiko-literarioetaraino.]akina, Gero liburuaren izaerak eta ospeak eskatu legez, oharpen sakonagoa egiten da liburuaren originaltasunaren eta prosaren azterketaren inguruan burututakoez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18317,2016-05-31,"Renewable energy is the energy produced by natural sources. Those natural sources used for obtaining energy are the following: the sun, wind, water…The renewable energy that has achieved the biggest expansion is the wind energy. That’s because the low cost and the reduce environmental impact. Because of this, wind energy has become a clean, competitive and economically viable energy. Although, the production process of the wind turbines show us many disadvantages on the drying process. Because of the high temperatures many material degradation happens. In this research, characterization of wind turbine blades will be explained, and also the degradation that PVC material suffers in the drying process.","Energia berriztagarria iturri naturaletatik sortzen den energia mota da. Energia lortzeko erabiltzen diren baliabide naturalak asko dira, eguzki-energia, haizea, ura… Energia berriztagarrien artean, eolikoa da zabalkunde handien lortu duena; batez ere ingurumen-inpaktu urriagatik eta bere kostuak gero eta txikiagoak izateagatik. Honen ondorioz, energia garbi, lehiakor eta ekonomikoki bideragarria da gaur egun. Hala ere, aerosorgailu hauen ekoizpen prozesuak desabantaila nabaria aurkezten du palen ontze prozesuan. Tenperatura igoeraren ondorioz material konkretu baten degradazioa dela eta. Ikerketa lan honetan, aerosorgailu palen karakterizazioa egingo da eta ontze prozesuan, “polikloruro de binilo” (PVC)-ak jasaten duen degradazioaren azterketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73394,2025-05-07,"Recent studies have shown that technological dependence has become a social issue among children and adolescents in recent years. That's why this End of Grade Work is decided, with the aim of knowing what ICT dependence is on Primary School students. To this end, the tool used is used to collect the data from the ""Cuestionario de uso problemático de nuevas tecnologías"" (Labrador et al., 2013). The sample analyzed was 52 5th and 6th grade primary school students, including 27 boys and 25 girls, all from the same school. For the purposes of the results, it has been observed that the sample includes moderate dependence on ICT. Also, boys are more addicted to mobile phones and video games than girls. In terms of age, it has been found that the older they become, the greater the degree of dependence on ICT. The results show that sports-related activities can reduce dependence on television and the Internet. On the other hand, the other extra-curricular actions studied have no effect on dependence. Finally, it should be noted that the results obtained in this work are valuable in assessing the propensity of students to develop ICT dependence. In other words, it can be concluded that boys aged 11 to 12 have a greater degree of ease in developing their dependence on various ICTs compared to girls aged 9 to 10. Likewise, extra-curricular actions, besides sport, are not the best instruments for reducing dependencies.","Azkenengo ikerketek erakutsi egin dute nola azkenengo urteetan teknologiarekiko menpekotasuna keska sozialko gai bat bihurtu egin den umeen eta nerabeen artean. Hori dela eta, erabaki de Gradu Amaierako Lan hau, IKTen menpekotasuna LHko ikasleetan zein den jakiteko helburuarekin. Horretarako, erabilitako tresna “Cuestionario de uso problemático de nuevas tecnologías” (Labrador et al., 2013) balioztatutako inkesta erabiltzen da datuak jasotzeko. Aztertutako lagina LHko 5. eta 6. mailako 52 ikasleena izan da, non 27 mutil eta 25 neska parte hartu zuten, guztiek ikastetxe berdinekoak. Emaitzei begira, ikusi da lagin honen barruan IKTekiko menpekotasun ertaina dagoela. Baita ere, mutilek mugikorrarekiko eta bideojokoekiko menpekotasun maila altuagoa daukatela. Adinari begira, egiaztatu da gero eta naguziagoak izan, orduan eta IKTekiko menpekotasun maila handitzen dela. Emaitzekin bukatuz, ikusi da kirolekin zerikusia duten ekintzek telebistarekiko menpekotasuna eta internetarekiko menpekotasuna murrizteko gai direla. Aldiz, aztertutako beste eskolaz kanpoko ekintzek ez daukate inolako inpakturik menpekotasunarekiko. Azkenik, aipatu beharra dago lan honetan ateratako emaitzak baliotsuak direla ikusteko ikasleek daukaten tendentzia IKTekiko menpekotasunak garatzerako orduan. Hau da, ondoriozta daiteke 11-12 urteko mutilek hainbat IKTekiko menpekotasuna garatzeko erraztasun gehiago daukatela 9-10 urteko neskekin konparatuz. Halaber, eskolaz kanpoko ekintzek, kirolaz aparte, ez direla menpekotasunak murrizteko tresnarik hoberenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53176,2021-06-22,"NICTs have led to major changes in the way workers provide services to companies, resulting in a ""telework"" approach, with little and incomplete legislation to date. The purpose of this work is to attempt to clarify and explain the current legislation. Due to COVID-19, this approach has increased. Next, the focus should be on preventing occupational risks, which is an important aspect of maintaining any employment relationship. But does the Law on Prevention of Risks at Work apply to teleworkers? In terms of health and safety at work, do they enjoy the same rights of protection as other workers? How can the employer comply with his obligations without infringing the fundamental rights of the worker? In case of non-compliance, are there sanctions for the employer and for the worker? All these issues will be addressed in this research.","IKTBek aldaketa garrantzitsuak ekarri dituzte langileek enpresei zerbitzuak emateko moduan, eta horrek ""telelanaren"" ikuspegia ekarri du, orain arte legeria gutxi eta osatu gabea izan baita. Lan honen helburua indarrean dagoen legedia argitzen eta azaltzen saiatzea da. COVID-19 delakoaren ondorioz, ikuspegi horrek gora egin du. Jarraian, laneko arriskuei aurrea hartu behar zaie, alderdi garrantzitsua baita edozein lan-harremani eusteko. Baina, lan arriskuen prebentzioari buruzko legea telelangileei aplikatzen zaie? Laneko segurtasunari eta osasunari dagokienez, gainerako langileen babes-eskubide berberak al dituzte? Nola bete ditzake enpresaburuak bere betebeharrak langilearen oinarrizko eskubideak urratu gabe? Betetzen ez bada, ba al dago zigorrik enpresaburuarentzat? Eta langilearentzat? Arazo horiek guztiak ikerketa honetan konponduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19842,2016-12-12,"The aim of this Final Degree Work is to take advantage of the sea water to supply the showers in a beach of the spanish shore. For that, an analysis that allows to obtain the uptake system and the most suitable point of study is performed. Furthermore, a description of the ecological device used is provided and the saving of the water acquired in the summer period is estimated.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburuaitsasoko ura aprobetxatzea da, Espainar Kostaldeko hondartz batean dauden dutxak hornitzeko. Horretarako, ur-harpen eta ikertze puntu egokiena lortzeko analisia egiten da. Horretaz aparte, erabilitako ekologi gailuaren deskribapena gehitzen da, eta udako aldian lortutako ur aurrezpenaren estimazioa egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59965,2023-02-20,"The aim of this study was to analyse the anxiety level of basketball and football players aged 8-12 years through quantitative research. In this study, 200 players from a sports club and a school participated and the results were compared by age, gender, sport and team. For the analysis of the data, the Spanish version of the competitive anxiety scale (SAS-2) was used and was carried out by means of surveys. The results of the study have shown that older players experience a higher level of anxiety than younger players and those in the sports club experience a higher level of anxiety than those in the school. With regard to gender and type of sport, no significant results were obtained. However, differences were observed between women and men in the ways of manifesting anxiety.","Ikerketa honen helburua 8-12 urte bitarteko saskibaloiko eta futboleko jokalarien antsietate maila aztertzea izan da ikerketa kuantitatibo baten bidez. Ikerketa honetan kirol klub eta ikastetxe bateko 200 jokalarik hartu dute parte eta emaitzak adinaren, generoaren, kirolaren eta taldearen arabera alderatu dira. Datuak aztertzeko antsietate lehiakorraren eskala (SAS-2) espainierara egokitutako bertsioa erabili da eta inkesten bidez aurrera eraman da. Ikerketaren emaitzek erakutsi dute jokalari nagusiek txikiek baino antsietate maila altuagoa esperimentatzen dutela eta kirol klubekoek ikastetxekoek baino handiagoa. Generoari eta kirol motari dagokionez, ez dira emaitza esanguratsurik atera. Hala ere, emakumezkoen eta gizonezkoen artean desberdintasunak ageri dira antsietatea adierazteko formetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27744,2011,"The review of the town planning regulations of Miranda de Ebro, promoted by the local and regional authorities, should mean a progress in the historical, archeological and patrimonial knowledge of this municipality. However, this path is full of troubles and problems that make the archeological works difficult, including some hardly understandable practices of the archeologists themselves.","Bertako eta autonomiako agintariek sustatu dituzten Miranda de Ebroko arau urbanistikoen berraztertzeak, udalerri honen historia, arkeologia eta ondare-ezaguerarako pizgarri eta aurrerapen arrazoi izan beharko luke. Hala ere, bide hau lan arkeologiko hauek zailtzen dituzten arazoz beteta dago eta gainera arkeologoek eurek ere zailtzen dituzte honelako egoerak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19543,2016-11-16,"The aim of this project is to program the machining of a support in the shape of a revolver drum. To do this, the piece must be designed and the CAD file must be created, using the Solid Edge ST8 program. Then, using the Velocity SurfCam 4.0 program, the CAD file will be generated for the machining of the support.","Proiektu honen helburua hauxe dugu: errebolberraren danbor itxurako euskarri baten mekanizatua programatzea. Horretarako, delako pieza diseinatu egin behar da eta CAD artxibategia sortu SOLID EDGE ST8 programa erabiliz. Ondoren, Surfcam velocity 4.0 programa erabilita, CAM artxibategia sortuko dugu euskarriaren mekanizatua burutzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63257,2023-11-30,"In this work, the effects of solar radiation outside earth's atmosphere have been studied experimentally for fluorescent fiber solar concentrators. The spectral intensity emitted by nine doped polymer optical fibers has been measured as a function of illuminated-length and/or time. The results were compared with those obtained using the same fibers under solar irradiation at the earth's surface. The fiber doped with Lumogen Red (1000 ppm) and the fiber co-doped with Lumogen Red and Yellow (500 500 ppm) have shown the best results, with an output power of 0.1 mW for an illuminated fiber length of 5 cm. Photostability studies of the codoped fiber under LEO cycles show that, when the fiber is not illuminated, the emitted intensity recovers relatively around 90%.","Lan honetan, zuntz luminiszentezko eguzki-kontzentragailuetan eguzki-erradiazioak Lurreko atmosferatik kanpo dituen efektuak aztertu dira esperimentalki. Bederatzi dopatutako polimerozko zuntz optikok igorritako espektro-intentsitatea neurtu da, argiztatutako luzeraren eta/edo denboraren menpe. Emaitzak Lurraren azalean eguzki-erradiaziopean zuntz berak erabiliz lortutakoekin konparatu dira. Emaitza onenak Lumogen Red-ekin dopatutako zuntzarekin (1000 ppm) eta Lumogen Red eta Yellow-ekin (500 500 ppm) batera dopatutako zuntzarekin lortu dira, 0.1 mW-eko potentzia lortuz 5 zm-ko luzera argiztatuz. Kodopatutako zuntzaren fotoegonkortasunari buruzko azterketek LEO zikloei jarraituz erakusten dute, zuntza argiztatuta ez dagoenean, igorritako intentsitatea erlatiboki %90 berreskuratzen dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/7552,2005,"One of the purposes of the teaching of the Mathematics in all the educational levels is the development of the intellectual capacities of the pupils. The spatial ability has had a treatment deficit in the School if we compare it with the treatment given to the numerical ability or to the reasoning ability. The reviews made from the Mathematics Education reveal the importance of their study though the lack of reference frameworks disperse and hinder enormously the results obtainment that to be conclusive have of be replied. From there that the investigation line proposed analyze the problem of the spatial ability from three points of view: the structure, the development and the improvement proposals since proposing models contrasted is the only one form of guaranteeing a correct diagnosis that make possible standards to improve the spatial ability of the pupils.","Matematikaren irakaskuntzaren helburuenetako bat hezkuntza maila guztietan ikasleen ahalmen intelektualen garapena da. Ahalmen espazialaren trataera eskolan urria izan da, bereziki zenbakizko ahalmenak edota arrazonamenduzko ahalmenak izan duten trataerarekin konparatzen badugu. Hezkuntza Matematikoan egindako berrikusketek ahalmen espazialaren azterketaren garrantzia azpimarratzen dute nahiz eta erreferentzi marko baten ezak sakabanatzen eta zailtzen dituen emaitzen lorpena, behin betikoak izateko erreplikagarriak izan behar dutela jakinik. Ondoren proposatzen den ikerketa-lerroak ahalmen espaziala alderdi hirukoitz batetik abiaturik aztertu nahi du: egitura, garapena eta hobetze-proposamenak kontutan harturik. Hiru arlo horietan proposaturiko ereduek bermatuko dute diagnostiko zuzen bat, ikasleen ahalmen espaziala hobetuko duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19907,2016-12-20,"In the current document, we will study the possibility of using nuclear fusion as a relevant source of energy for the end of the century. This is meant to happen under the frame of the achievement of a clean, sustainable economy, given that the main technological challenges relative to the most developed fusion reactor; the Tokamak kind, have been overcome by 2050. Nowadays, people are each time more concerned and conscious about climate change and decreasing the emission of the GHG that provoke it. This has lead to an accelerated development of alternative technologies to fossil fuels. These, though necessary, present several drawbacks hard to overcome, making the a technology as fusion an attractive asset. The main goal of this project is, on the one hand, understanding the basic processes regarding to nuclear fusion and the functioning of the Tokamak. On the other hand, we intend to prove the need of development of this technology from a climatic perspective, as well as the economic viability related to fuel supply. For this aim, we will first calculate the necessary amount of fuel for a base fusion plant. Secondly, we will analyse several climate scenarios developed by reference organisations, with the purpose of estimating the fusion power that would be necessary to install in order to keep below the 2ºC limit, established in COP21. Finally, we will analyse fusion fuels market so as to ensure if the new demand set off by this technology could be satisfied.","Hurrengo dokumentuan mende bukaerarako fusio nuklearra energia sortzeko iturri garrantzitsu moduan erabiltzeko posibilitatea aztertuko dugu. Ekonomia garbi eta jasangarri bat lortutako ingurunean egingo da, fusio erreaktore aurreratuenaren (Tokamak mota) erronka teknologiko nagusiak 2050erako, gutxi gorabehera, gaindituak egongo direla kontuan hartuta. Gaur egun, aldaketa klimatikoarekiko eta hori eragiten duten berotegi-efektuko gasen murrizketarekiko kezka eta sentsibilizazioa gero eta handiagoa da. Honek, erregai fosilak ez diren teknologien garapen bizkortua ekarri du. Hauek, beharrezkoak izan arren, ekiditzeko oso zailak diren desabantailak dituzte. Horregatik, fusioa bezalako teknologia baten garapena oso erakargarria da. Proiektu honen helburua, alde batetik, fusioaren prozesu oinarrizkoak eta Tokamak-aren funtzionamendua ulertzea da. Beste alde batetik, ikuspegi klimatikotik teknologia honen garapenaren beharraz gain, erregaiaren horniduraren ikuspuntutik bidegarritasun ekonomikoa ere justifikatzea bilatzen da. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, oinarrizko fusio fabrika batentzako erregaia kalkulatuko da. Jarraitzeko, zenbait erreferentziazko erakunderen egoera klimatikoa aztertuko da, helburua COP21ean ezarritako 2ºC-ko mugaren azpitik mantentzeko instalatu beharreko fusio potentzia balioeztea izanik. Azkenik, fusio erregaien merkatua aztertuko da teknologia honek egoera bakoitzean suposatuko lukeen eskari berria asetzea posiblea izango den jakiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28066,2013,"The main objective of this paper is to offer a wide perspective of anthracology (charcoal analysis) through different studies in order to explore the diverse theoretical and methodological approaches of the discipline. We illustrate the interest of anthracology as a way to create datasets related to human behaviour and to cultural and economic aspects of past societies. We will analyse the different approaches of the discipline through three examples: The Abric Romaní site with a Palaeolithic sequence, the Talayot de ca’s Canar a social and/or ceremonial context and a roman gum oven. Each of these contexts and chronological periods provide a specific anthracological perspective which allows suggesting inferences in relation to different wood uses and different vegetal communities at the NE of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands.","Lan honen helburua antrakologiaren ikuspegi zabal bat eskaintzea da lan desberdinen aurkezpenaren bidez, diziplina honen hurbilketa teoriko eta metodologiko desberdinak aztertzeko. Honetarako antrakologiaren interesa erakutsiko dugu izakiaren portaera eta iraganeko gizarteen aspektu kultural eta ekonomikoei buruz datuak lortzeko tresna moduan. Diziplina honen posibilitateak hiru adibideekin aztertuko ditugu: Paleolitikoko sekuentzia bat aurkezten duen Abric Romani, ca’s Canar-en Burdin Aroko Talaiota, izaera sozial eta/edo zeremonial bateko testuinguru batekin eta Antzinaroko erretxin labe bat. Testuinguru eta garai bakoitzak antrakologiaren hainbat ikuspuntu eskaintzen digute eta hauek, Iberiar Penintsularen ipar-ekialdeko eta Balearen Uharteetako egurraren eta hainbat landare komunitateen erabilerari buruzko ondorioak lortzeko aukera ematen digute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57120,2022-08-02,"Conventional manufacturing systems are immersed in a transition towards a more flexible production model that allows them to meet current market demands. The Industry 4.0 paradigm proposes the use of tools and technologies that increase the efficiency and adaptability of production processes to deal with a globalized and highly competitive market. To achieve these objectives, two key factors can be identified: robotization and decentralization. One of the determining technologies in this new production model is collaborative robotics, considering that it provides strength, resistance and precision in carrying out tasks, and, above all, the ability for people and robots to collaborate in carrying out these tasks. Thus, the use of collaborative robotics allows maximizing the flexibility, productivity and quality of the processes. Multi-agent systems have proven to be adequate to meet the connectivity and decentralization requirements of manufacturing assets in different industrial environments, to the point that the Industrial Agent concept is conceived as an implementation of the Component I4.0 concept (a particularization of the Cyberphysical System concept aligned with the RAMI 4.0 reference architecture) through agents. In this context, this work contributes to the integration of an assembly station (formed by a collaborative robot and a PLC) as an industrial agent within FlexManSys, a manufacturing application management platform developed by the GCIS research group of the UPV/ EHU. A 4-layer architecture is followed allows the integration of the assembly station as an I4.0 component within the intelligent platform. This integration comprises: the identification and programming of station operations, in a modular way to maximize the flexibility of the system; the definition of the necessary mechanisms for the exchange of data between the asset and its associated agent, and the definition of an interface, at the system level, that allows the virtual management of the station.","Ohiko fabrikazio-sistemak ekoizpen-eredu malguago baterako trantsizioan murgilduta daude, merkatuaren egungo eskaerei erantzun ahal izateko. 4.0 Industriaren paradigmak produkzio-prozesuen eraginkortasuna eta egokitzeko gaitasuna handituko duten tresnak eta teknologiak erabiltzea planteatzen du, merkatu globalizatuari eta lehiakortasun handiari aurre egiteko. Helburu horiek lortzeko, funtsezko bi faktore identifika daitezke: robotizazioa eta deszentralizazioa. Ekoizpen-eredu berri honetan, teknologia erabakigarrienetako bat elkarlaneko robotika da; izan ere, indarra, erresistentzia eta zehaztasuna ematen du zereginak egitean, eta, batez ere, pertsonek eta robotek zeregin horietan laguntzeko gaitasuna ematen du. Horrela, elkarlaneko robotikaren erabilerak prozesuen malgutasuna, produktibitatea eta kalitatea maximizatzea ahalbidetzen du. Eragile anitzeko sistemek erakutsi dute egokiak direla fabrikazio-aktiboen konektibitate- eta deszentralizazio-baldintzak hainbat industria-ingurunetan betetzeko; izan ere, eragile industrialaren kontzeptua I4.0 osagaiaren kontzeptuaren inplementazio gisa ulertzen da (sistema ziberfisikoaren kontzeptuaren berezitasuna, RAMI 4.0 erreferentziazko arkitekturarekin lerrokatuta), agenteen bidez. Testuinguru horretan, lan honek muntai-estazio bat (elkarlaneko robot batek eta PLC batek osatua) agente industrial gisa integratzen laguntzen du FlexManSysen barruan, UPV/EHUko GCIS ikerketa-taldeak garatutako fabrikazio-aplikazioak kudeatzeko plataforma. 4 geruzako arkitektura bat jarraitzen du, muntai-estazioa I4.0 osagai gisa plataforma adimendunaren barruan integratzea ahalbidetzen duena. Integrazio horren barruan sartzen dira: geltokiko eragiketak identifikatzea eta programatzea, modu modularrean, sistemaren malgutasuna maximizatzeko; aktiboaren eta hari lotutako eragilearen artean datuak trukatzeko beharrezko mekanismoak definitzea; eta sistema mailako interfaze bat definitzea, estazioaren kudeaketa birtuala ahalbidetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25868,2018-03-21,"An approach to the concept of family and their new typologies, has allowed the conceptualization and characterization of social collective compound by families whose only adult figure is a woman, known as single-parent families. Through a theoretical analysis of scientific, political and legislative documents it has gone into detail about real circumstances that, in general, wrap these families. And in addition the role of social-educational professionals in socio-educational action with these families has been analyzed.","Familia eta familia tipologia berrien kontzeptuetara hurbiltzeak, heldu irudi bakar bezala emakumea duten familiek, gurasobakar familiek, osatutako talde sozialaren kontzeptualizazioa eta karakterizazioa baimendu ditu. Dokumentu zientifiko, politiko eta legegileen analisi teorikoaren bidez, aipaturiko familiek biltzen dituzten zirkunstantzia errealetan, termino orokorretan, sakondu da. Eta gainera, hezkuntza sozialeko profesionalek familia hauekin sozioheziketa esku-hartzean duten papera analizatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60789,2023-04-18,"The problems that hinder the Spanish public pension system are gradually increasing and that is one of the reasons why the recommendation and the need to acquire other retirement savings alternatives are growing. In this context, this FDP aims to analyse the situation of Spanish public pensions and ascertain the rest of the alternatives for retirement savings, establishing a couple of real cases of some of the alternatives. In order to achieve the established objectives, not only has information from different sources been collected, but also an independent consultant has been interviewed. The main outcomes to be highlighted are that individuals should hire a private alternative to generate higher retirement savings, and that the best option is to do so at the moment of joining the labour market.","Espainiako pentsio sistema publikoa oztopatzen duten arazoak geroz eta handiagoak dira, horregatik erretirorako beste aurrezte aukera kontratatzeko gomendioa eta, geroz eta gehiago, beharra sortzen hari da. Testuinguru honetan, TFG honekin Espainiako pentsio publikoen egoera aztertu nahi da eta erretirorako gainerako aurrezte aukerak ezagutzea du xede, horretarako bi aukera errealen kasuak azalduko dira. Ezarritako helburuak lortzeko, iturri ezberdinetatik informazioa bildu da, eta gainera, aholkulari independente bati elkarrizketa egin zaio. Nabarmendutako emaitza nagusiak hurrengoak izan dira: erretiroan aurrezki handiagoak izateko, pertsonak aukera pribatu bat kontratatu behar dute, eta horretarako, momentu hoberena lanmerkatuan sartzean kontratatzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17614,2016-03-15,"ENGLISH: The aim of this assignment will be to promote the use of creativity through arts, taking into account an interdisciplinary point of view. Therefore, a project will be proposed in which, apart from making students learn different content, they will develop their critical awareness and their initiative. The main aim of this project will undoubtedly be the development of children’s imagination. In the area of education, the importance of creating people who think autonomously is as indisputable as designing new methodologies directed to developing the personality of the individual rather than their book knowledge. In fact, that would be the only way to face the challenges that this and next societies give to their citizens.","EUSKERA: Lan honen helburua eskolan arteen bidezko sormena sustatzea izango da, ikuspegi interdiziplinar batean. Horretarako, ikasleen ezagutzaren bereganatzeaz gain horien espiritu kritikoa eta ekintzailea piztuko duen proiektu bat proposatuko da, haien sormena garatzea xede nagusitzat izango duena. Berebiziko garrantzia dauka hezkuntzan haien kabuz pentsatzeko pertsonak eratzeak, eta edukien gainetik nortasuna garatzera zuzendutako metodologiak diseinatzeak. Izan ere, horrela bakarrik lortuko dugu gizarte honek zein etorkizunekoek aurkezten dizkiguten eguneroko erronkei aurre egitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26276,1989,"This article analyzes, in first place Human Rights in our juridical system and in second place the especial relationship between these rights and Criminal law.","Hasiera batean, Giza Eskubideek gure ordenamendu juridikoan duten trataeraz aipu bat egiten da, eta jarrain eskubide hauek eta Zuzenbide penalaren arteko harreman bereziaz jarduten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50156,2021-02-12,"The research aims to analyze the evolution of self-esteem in students who are in Primary Education stage (6-12 years), in order to improve the didactic proposals and interventions of the teachers, in order to guarantee the well-being and integral development of the child. Based on the bibliographic research carried out in the theoretical framework, 149 students of the Primary Education received the questionnaire of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. On this scale there are ten items to be answered according to the four-point Likert scale. The quantitative analysis of data suggests a negative evolution of self-esteem in the Primary Education and a significant differentiation between gender. Based on the conclusions of the results, an informative decalogue aimed at teachers has been designed, in which strategies and recommendations for the day to day are suggested.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia, Lehen Hezkuntzan (6-12 urte) dauden ikasleen autoestimuaren eboluzioa ikertzea da, irakasleen interbentzioak eta proposamen didaktikoak hobetze aldera, haurraren ongizatea eta garapen integrala bermatzeko asmoz. Marko teorikoan egindako ikerketa bibliografikoan oinarrituz, Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan dauden 149 ikasleri Rosenbergen Autoestimuaren Eskalaren galdetegia helarazi zaie. Eskala honetan, Likerten lau puntuko eskalan erantzuten diren hamar item daude. Datuen analisi kuantitatiboek iradokitzen dute Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan autoestimuaren bilakaera negatiboa ematen dela eta generoaren arteko bereizketa esanguratsua dela. Emaitzen ondorioetan oinarrituta irakasleei zuzendutako dekalogo dibulgatibo bat diseinatu da egunerokotasunerako estrategiak eta gomendioak iradokiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67710,2024-05-07,"In the current reality of multiculturalism, attitudes such as racism are increasing both in society and in schools. Taking into account that there is greater cultural diversity in schools, in this Final Degree Project we will examine the training and knowledge of Primary Education teachers about interculturality. It also analyses different prejudices and experiences of these teachers regarding immigrant pupils and families. In addition, the importance of the plural identity of pupils is discussed, highlighting its positive influence on immigrant pupils or pupils with a different culture. To do all this, different teachers' voices are used to show the current reality and raise awareness of the issue.","Egungo errealitate kultur-anitz honetan, arrazismoa bezalako jarrerak areagotzen ari dira gizartean zein eskoletan. Kontuan hartuta, aniztasun kultural handiagoa dagoela eskoletan, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleek kulturartekotasunaren inguruan duten formakuntza eta jakinduria ezagutarazten da. Era berean, irakasle hauen aurre ideia eta bizipen ezberdinak aztertzen dira ikasle zein familia etorkinen inguruan. Horrez gain, ikasleen identitate pluralaren garrantziaz eztabaidatzen da, ikasle etorkinetan edota kultura ezberdin bat duten ikasleengan duen eragin positiboa azpimarratuz. Hau guztia gauzatzeko, irakasleen ahots ezberdinak erabiltzen dira egungo errealitatea erakusteko eta gaiarekiko kontzientzia pizteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34846,2019-07-26,"By mean ofthis project the design and dimensioningof a controlled combustion plant for municipal solid waste (MSW)has been carried out, which will be located in the community of Madrid. The installationwill takeadvantage of the heat emittedby the incineration to produce electrical energy through a ""Rankine"" cycle. Concurrently, thenecessaryeconomic, environmental andrisk studies have been carried out to analyse itsviability.","Proiektu honen bitartez, hiri hondakin solidoen (HHS) kontrolatutako errekuntza instalazio bat diseinatu da, Madrilgo komunitatean egongo dena. Instalazioak erraustegiak emandako beroa aprobetxatuko du ""Rankine"" zikloaren bidez energia elektrikoaekoizteko. Aldi berean, azterketaekonomiko, ingurumeneko eta arriskuei buruzkoazterlanak egin dira beren bideragarritasuna aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19870,2016-12-15,"The main aim of this project is to study deeply inductive voltage transformers, by analysing their characteristics and developing a nonlinear inductance model which allows its software modelling. MATLAB commercial programme will be used to make this model and to check its validity for different situations.","Lan honen helburu nagusia tentsio transformadore induktiboen azterketa zehaztea da, bere ezaugarriak analizatuz eta induktantzia ez linealeko eredu bat garatuz software bideko modelizazioa egiteko. Horretarako, MATLAB programa komertziala erabiliko da eredua egiteko eta egoera ezberdinetan baliotasuna frogatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23318,2017-09,"In the following research different superalloys machining have been studied applying the broaching process and analyzing different changes in the tool geometry and in its coating as well as in the cutting process parameters, with the aim of optimizing those factors equally as improving the productivity of the operation and to ensure a depth study in the process of broaching. To this end, diverse simulations have been done using a Finite Element software named AdvantEdge and with which it has been scored a high approach in broaching machining without using real materials, tools or machinery and due to this reducing considerably experimental costs. In this way, the program allows to analyze the different simulations by the research in different factors, starting from process temperatures or cutting forces, up to industrial more important issues such as tool-life and break or piece accuracy. When performing this project, firstly, Inconel 718 superalloy has been applied as the principal material and machined in dry conditions starting with the study of different simulations by changing the broaching tool geometric parameters and continuously, by analyzing the changes in the process cutting parameters. Once results have been considered and established the most effective parameters, diverse simulations have been performed with Waspaloy in order to compare the two superalloys and to ensure the improvement of both, physical and mechanical properties of this last material.","Proiektu honetan superaleazio ezberdinen mekanizazioa aztertu da brotxaketa prozesuaren bidez, erramintaren estaldura eta geometria aldagai ezberdinak zein ebaketa parametroen eragina ikertuz, parametro optimoenak finkatzeko asmoz eta azken finean eragiketaren produktibitatea handitzeko eta prozesuaren inguruko ikerketak zabaltzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako, simulazio ezberdinak gauzatu dira AdvantEdge EF softwarearen bitartez, zeinek brotxaketa eragiketaren hurbilpen nahiko zehatza ematen digun material, erreminta eta makina errealik izan gabe eta kostu esperimentalen murrizpena ahalbidetuz. Programa honen bitartez, simulazio ezberdinen ondoriozko emaitza ugari izan dira aztergai, tenperatura eta ebaketa indarren aldaeretik hasita, egun industrian garrantzia handiagoa duten faktoreen analisirarte, hala nola, erremintaren biziraupena eta higadura edo pieza beraren akabera. Lana burutzerako orduan, lehenik eta oinarrizko materialtzat hartu den Inconel 718 superaleazioaren mekanizazioa egin da lehorrean, brotxaketa erremintaren geometria parametro ezberdinen simulazioen bidez eta ondoren ebaketa parametroen aldaketaren ondoriozko azterketa eginez. Behin emaitzak azterturik eta parametro eraginkorrenak finkatuz, Waspaloyarekin gauzatu dira simulazio frogak, bi materialen arteko alderaketa ikertzeko eta azkenengo honen propietate fisiko zein mekanikoen hobekuntzaren eragina frogatzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20226,2017-01-11,"In the last years, systems to help rescuers with cardiopulmonary resuscitation or CPR have been studied and developed. These kinds of investigations are important in order to improve the quality of the chest compressions carried out during the resuscitation. The final project described in this document is based on the implementation of a system capable of extracting data generated by a digital sensor through the software Matlab. For its development, it is used an accelerometer of the brand Analog Devices, ADXL345, which is communicated with a laptop through the bus I2C. Due to the bus type of the sensor, a card which works as an intermediary between the sensor and the laptop must be introduced. That card will be of the brand National Instruments, NI USB-8451. Besides, simultaneously and synchronously with the acquisition, data obtained can be visualized in real time. Once the acquisition is completed, data is stored in a register for the subsequent study. In order to materialize this idea, two graphic platforms must be created in Matlab to provide the system with a greater grade of flexibility and versatility. These tools are characterized by its easy use and simplicity for the final user.","Azken urteotan sorosleei Bihotz-Birika Birpiztean edo BBB-en egitean laguntzeko sistemak aztertu eta garatu dira. Mota hauetako ikerketak garrantzitsuak dira birpiztean egindako konpresio torazikoen kalitatea hobetzeko. Dokumentu honetan azaldutako Gradu Amaierako Lana sentsore digital batek sortutako datuak Matlab softwareren bidez ateratzeko gai den sistema bat egitean datza. Garapenerako Analog Devices markako azelerometro bat, ordenagailu eramangarri batekin I2C busaren bidez komunikatzen den ADXL345 erabili da. Sentsoreko bus mota dela eta, sentsore eta ordenagailuaren artean bitartekoarena egiten duen txartel bat sartu behar da. Aipaturiko txartela National Instruments markakoa izango da, NI USB-8451. Gainera, jabetza prozesua aldi berean eta sinkronizatuan ateratzearekin batera, lortutako datuak denbora errealean irudikatzen dira. Lorpenaren denbora amaitu ondoren, datuak erregistro batean gordetzen dira geroko azterketarako. Ideia hau gauzatzeko, Matlaben bi plataforma grafikoak sortu dira sistemak malgutasun eta aldakortasun handiagoa izan dezan. Tresna hauen ezaugarri nagusienak helburuzko erabiltzailearentzat duten sinpletasuna zein erabiltzeko erraztasuna dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19524,2016-11-15,"The aim of this work is the static study and the optimization of the design of a mechanic element by the Finite Element Method (FEM) for its implementation in diferent mechanisms, thanks to the design platform Workbench of the company ANSYS. Once the most suitable design is achieved to stand moment , deformation and precision, without permanent deformation, the 3D printing of the piece will proceed.","Proiektu honen helburua elementu finito metodoaren bidez, Workbench diseinatzeko ANSYS empresaren plataformarekin, egoera estatikoan dagoen pieza baten behakuntzan den piezaren diseinuaren optimizazioa, ondoren mekanismo batean kokatzeko da. Behin momentu gehien, deformazio handiena eta zehaztasun gehiena lortzen duten diseinuak, deformazio iraunkorrik sortu gabe, mekanismoa 3D-n inprimatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14316,2015-02-02,"This project comes from the main investigation line of the CompMech team, from the Mechanical Engineering Department, which assumes the cost of the robot and its maintenance. From here on, the main purpose of this investigation line is to understand how to control the robot in order to develop a practical application with the real prototype. For this achievement, the main working tool will be the software RobotStudio, which gives the chance to create paths, to optimize them and to implement practical applications. This project contains the first steps in the investigation field of robotics, being a solid and useful base for further studies. In this way, this project provides a starting point for more complex studies in this field, in order to be helpful if new applications are carried out.","Ikerkuntza proiektu honen jatorria Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko Sailaren CompMech taldeak daukan ikerkuntza lerroan sakontzean datza, prototipo honen erosketa eta mantenua bermatzen dituena. Abiapuntu honetatik hasita, ikerketa lerro honek prototipo honen kontrolean sakontzea du helburu nagusi, osterantzean, aplikazio praktiko bat gauzatu ahal izateko. Errobotaren kontrola bereganatzeko RobotStudio izeneko softwarea erabiliko da. Honen bitartez, ibilbideen sorkuntzan, ibilbide hauen optimizazioan zein aplikazio praktikoen inplementazioan lan egingo da. Lan honen bidez, errobotaren kontrolerako aurreneko hastapenak emango dira, hurrengo ikasketa sakonagoetarako abiapuntua izanik. Hau da, ikasketa eremu honi hasiera ematea besterik ez da izango lan honen xedea, osterantzean garatu daitezkeen aplikazioetarako oinarri baliogarri bat ematea, hain zuzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20896,2017-03-09,"The constant searching for alternative energy to direct use of fuels produced directly from oil refining fossil joined with the increasingly universal policies of resource recovery of waste and especially of Solid Waste, the increasing use of plastics in large amounts, especially as packaging of all kinds of products, makes a searching of a technology that allows the manufacture of diesel fuel for use in both automotive and industrial services. While existing facilities are scarce as industrial level, this is a promising alternative to the use of alternative fuels from other sources. This paper aims to understand the technology that is being implemented in various companies in the world, raw material needs, its origin and its characteristics, waste generated and its possible uses.","Energia alternatiboen etengabeko bilaketa, finketa hidrokarburo fosiletan jatorria duten erregaien zuzeneko erabilera, hondakin baliabideen berreskuraketan eta, batez ere, solidoak diren hiri-hondakinetan oinarrituta dauden gero eta unibertsalagoak diren politikei lotuta, plastikoen kantitate handien erabileraren gorakada, batez ere edozein motatako produktuak ontziratzeko gisa. Aurrekoa, dieselak diren erregaiak fabrikatzeko aukera ematen duen teknologia zabaltzen ari da, bai automoziorako bai zerbitzu industrialentzako. Maila industrialean dauden izatedun instalazioak urriak izan arren, beste jatorri ezberdina duten erregaiak erabiltzeko aukera oparoa izango da. Lan honen xedea munduko instalazioetan zehar aplikatzen ari den teknologia ezagutzea da, lehengaien beharrak, hauen jatorria eta ezaugarriak, sortzen dituzten hondakinak eta hauek dituzten erabilera posibleak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14423,2015-02-16,"Nowadays, wirelles communication system support a wide range of services like voice, data and video that require high tramsmision rates. Therefore the improvement of the link quality offered by MIMO systems is very important. The problem to avoid is mutual coupling between antennas when we place multiple antennas in a mobile terminal that prevent the correct operation. In this document a study of the different methods of decoupling between PIFA antennas in a mobile terminal has been made.","Gaur egun, haririk gabeko komunikazio sistemek zerbitzu mota ugari jasaten dituzte, ahots, datu eta bideo zerbitzuak adibidez; trasmisio tasa altuak behar dituztenak, hain zuzen ere. Hori dela eta, MIMO sistemek eskeintzen duten lotura kalitatearen hobekuntza oso garrantzitsua da. Honek duen arazoa, mota honetako antena ugari terminal mugikor baten batera jartzen ditugunean agertzen den akoplamendua da, antenen funtzionamendu egokia galazten duena. Dokumentu honen bitartez terminal mugikor baten dauden PIFA (Planar Inverted-F antenna) antenen arteko banaketa metodoen ikerketa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72789,2025-02-14,"This construction project aims to provide Zarautz with a large-surface supermarket. Due to the closeness of this establishment to the A-8 highway, inhabitants of nearby towns and neighborhoods would have the possibility to do their shopping without having to drive to big cities such as Donosti or Bilbao. Thus, this would also help meet the needs of Zarautz’s population, which increases significantly during the summer months.","Eraikitze-proiektu honen xedea Zarautz herria azalera handiko supermerkatu batekin hornitzea da. Supermerkatuaren hurbiltasuna A-8-tik emanda, inguruko herri eta auzoko biztanleek erosketak bertan egiteko aukera izango lukete hirigune handiagoetara bidaiatu behar izan gabe. Gainera, udako hilabeteetan populazio igoeraren ondorioz ematen den eskaintzaren igoera gainditzen lagunduko luke merkataritza-establezimendu honek." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19588,2016-11-23,"This project aims to establish a methodology suited to characterize the clutter of wind turbines on weather radars, from samples obtained by real radars affected by wind farms. To be able to make a correct selection of the wind turbines that affect the radar, certain criteria is defined and set out, as well as other criteria to be taken into account when making an analysis of the samples received. This project was created with the objective of achieving the coexistence between wind power and meteorological radars.","Proiektu honen xedea, haize parkeek sortzen duten clutterra karakterizatzeko metodologia bat planteatzea da. Rarrak jasotzen dituen datuetatik abiatuz lortuko da karakterizazioa. Horretarako, zenbait irizpide eta jarraibide planteatzen dira, bai kalteak eragiten dituzten errotak aukeratzeko zein analisia egiterako orduan, datu egokiak aukeratzeko. Haize parkeen eta radar meteorologikoen elkarbizitza gauzatu ahal izateko, proiektu honen beharra sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32256,2019-03-29,"Summary (Ingles): The proyect consist of the creation of a marl quarry in the municipality of Rio de Losa, located in the valley with the same name, to supplay a cement plant that can be located in the area, since the envioronment it this rich in limestone and marls necessary for the production of cement. The extraction will be done in open sky through the use of the technique of driling and blasting. In the development of this project, the environment that surrounds the area to be explored is studied in order to make a correct mining desing that always tries to optimize reservers and maintain safety as a basic pillar. The study of the machinery, both mobile and fixed, necessary to carry out drilling, loading, trasport and comminution tasks is also carried out. Finally, an economic study of the feasibility of the proyect will be made.","Laburpena (Euskera): Lan hau tuparri harrobi baten eraikitzean datza. Harrobia Rio de Losa izeneko udalerrian egongo da finkatuta, izena ematen dion haranean, hain zuzen. Esplotasioaren helburua tuparriaren ustiapena izango da, haranean finkatu litekeen zementu lantegi bat ornitzeko asmoz. Zementuak kareharria zein tuparria erabiltzen ditu lehengai moduan, ugaria leku honetan. Tuparriaren ustiapena beharanzko bakuntzearen bidez egingo da zulaketa eta leherkuntza tecnikaren bitartez. Proiektu honen bidez esplotazioaren ingurua ikertuko da; honen bitartez disenu egokia egiteko asmoz eta erreserbak modu egokian ustiatzekotan, beti segurtasuna kontutan hartuz. Honetaz gain zulaketa, karga, garraio eta birrintze lanak egingo dituzten makinariak hautatuko dira. Azkenik, ikerketa ekonomiko bat egingo da proiektuaren biabilitatea jakiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60850,2023-04-21,"A comparison of the physical performances was made according to the level of the teams of the Spanish top league, Liga Santander. To determine the level of each team, the points obtained in the first 19 matches of the season 2021-2022, were taken into account, classifying the teams in 4 different categories (TOP1, TOP2, TOP3 and TOP4). For the analysis of the data, the physical requirements of a total of 20 teams were analyzed, analyzing 190 games and 380 files. For the comparison of physical performances, the total distance traveled per minute and the distance traveled per minute at more than 21 km/h of each team, with and without possession of the ball were analyzed, taking into account the effective play time (EPT). Physical variables analyzed are: Distance per minute with possession of the ball (DTPOS/min); distance per minute without possession of the ball (DTnoPOS/min); distance per minute with possession of the ball and speed greater than 21 km/h (DT21POS/min); distance per minute without possession of the ball and more than 21 km/h (DT21noPOS/min). Among the findings, it was observed that in all the analyzed cases, less distances were met with possession of the ball than without it. On the one hand, with the possession of the ball, the teams located in the highest zone of the classification reached the lowest values. On the other hand, the teams that have the least value without possession of the ball, are placed in the lowest places of the classification. In addition, the matches played at home and away from home were analyzed without any significant difference. The results of this research offer us the possibility of carrying out an in-depth analysis of the competition that combines physical and tactical dimensions, anticipating the physical demands demanded by the games ahead of us. Once we know the physical demands we will encounter during the game, we will have the opportunity to control both the load and the strategy of the week.","Espainiako liga gorenaren (LaLiga Santander) taldeen mailaren araberako errendimendu fisikoen konparaketa egin zen. Talde bakoitzaren maila zehazteko, 2021-2022 denboraldiko lehenengo 19 jardunaldietan eskuratutako puntu kopuruak hartu ziren kontuan, taldeak 4 maila ezberdinetan sailkatuz (TOP1, TOP2, TOP3 eta TOP4). Datuen analisirako, guztira 20 taldeen eskakizun fisikoak aztertu izan ziren 190 futbol partida eta 380 artxibo aztertuz. Errendimendu fisikoen konparaketarako, talde bakoitzak baloi jabetzarekin eta baloi jabetzarik gabe, guztira minutuko egindako distantzia totala eta 21 km/h baino gehiagoko abiaduran minutuko egindako distantzia aztertu ziren, joko efektiboko denbora (JED) kontuan hartuz. Hauek ziren aztertutako aldagai fisikoak: baloi jabetzarekin minutuko egindako distantzia totala (DTPOS/min); baloi jabetzarik gabe minutuko egindako distantzia totala (DTnoPOS/min); baloi jabetzarekin eta 21 km/h baino gehiagoko abiaduran minutuko egindako distantzia (DT21POS/min); baloi jabetzarik gabe eta 21 km/h baino gehiagoko abiaduran minutuko egindako distantzia (DT21noPOS/min). Aurkikuntzen artean, aztertutako kasu guztietan, baloi jabetzarekin, baloi jabetzarik gabe baino distantzia gutxiago betetzen direla behatu izan zen. Alde batetik, baloi jabetzarekin, sailkapenaren eremu gorenenean dauden taldeek lortu zituzten balio txikienak. Bestalde, baloi jabetzarik gabe balio txikienak eskuratutako taldeak, sailkapenaren beheko postuetan kokatzen dira. Horrez gain, partidaren lekuaren arabera eskakizun fisikoen aldetik aldaketarik zegoen behatzeko, etxean eta kanpoan jokatutako partidak aztertu ziren inolako ezberdintasun esanguratsurik (p>0.05) behatu gabe. Ikerketa honen emaitzek, dimentsio fisikoa eta taktikoak elkartzen dituen lehiaketaren analisi sakon bat egiteko aukera eskaintzen digu, aurrean ditugun partidak eskatzen dituzten eskakizun fisikoak aurreikusiz. Behin, partidan zehar aurkituko ditugun eskakizun fisikoak jakinda, astearen karga zein estrategia kontrolatzeko aukera izango dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25912,2018-03-22,"This work analyzes the circumstances of how teachers and children under 12 years old are using digital media tools and Internet services and how is the risk perception in a primary school. Therefore, it has explored if teachers and children do not comply with the terms of services that they use. Consequently, this circumstance is going to be analyzed by case study research to reveal if there is an important lack of compliance with the rules when children use digital platforms and Internet social networks. The results show how different use and perception of the risk have children and their teachers. In the conclusions it is explained the struggels and limitations of school to teach about ICTs which the use at home and in the school is totaly different and there is a big gap between teachers and students´ perception of the risk. Moreover, there are some students who do not comply the rules at all, particuraly, out of school.","Ikerketa lan honetan ikastola baten irakasleria eta 12 urte baino gutxiagoko ikasleen, IKTen eta Interneteko zerbitzuen erabilpena eta hauen arriskuen pertzepzioa aztertzen da. Hortaz, irakasle eta ikasleen IKTen erabilera eta arau haustearen iritzia ikertu eta noraino arauak jarraitzen eta ezagutzen dituzten aurkezten da. Giza sareetan eta plataforma digitaletan dauden araudiak betetzen dituzten edo ez jakiteko, kasu azterketa metodoa erabili da. Emaitzetan ikasle eta irakasleen erabilera eta arrisku larritasunaren pertzepzioa guztiz ezberdina dela ikusten da. Ondorioetan, eskolak IKT hauen inguruan hezteko dituen zailtasunak eta mugak aurkezten dira non IKTen erabilera etxean eta ikastolan guztiz desberdina da eta arriskuen pertzezioan ikasle eta irakasleen arteko aldea nabarmena da. Gainera ikasle batzuk arauak ez dituztela batere betetzen ondorioztatzen da, batez ere, ikastetxetik kanpo." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42078,2020-03-10,"In this project, observations of music sessions carried out with 5-year-old children from the Errekalde Herri eskola school of Oñati are presented. The main objective of the project was the analysis of the musical education children receive. In order to conduct this study, information gathered by the systematic observation was used, taking into account the different existing music theories. This way, conclusions of the behaviour of the children were obtained so as to observe the influence of the musical activity on children’s development.","Lan honetan, Oñatiko Errekalde Herri eskolako Haur Hezkuntzako 5 urteko gelan egindako musika saioen behaketa aurkezten da. Lanaren helburua, musikako ikasgela batean haurrek jasotzen duten musika hezkuntza nolakoa den behatzea da. Horretarako, behaketa sistemako baten bitartez jasotako informazioa biltzen da eta ondoren musikaren inguruko teoria ezberdinek esaten dutenarekin eta behaketaren bidez ikusi denarekin ondorio batzuk atera dira. Behaketa hau egin ondoren baieztatu ahal izan da musika jardunak haurren gaitasunetan duen eragina." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29247,2018-10-23,"In the present project, climatological, meteorological and energy consumption data will be analyzed, processed and correlated in order to try to predict energy consumption based on weather forecasts. The fundamental concepts of statistics and Machine Learning will be studied exhaustively. The methodology used is based on the R language and will use open source libraries for data mining techniques and supervised (predictive) automatic learning, which predicts an unknown value that in this case will be the electrical energyconsumed, based on a set of previously known data. Techniques will also be used to manage and format the data obtained from open data repositories (Open Data). A comparison will be made between 5 models based on supervised data mining techniques based on the results obtained from the prediction of energy consumption and comparing these with real consumption data.","Proiektu honetan, klimatologiaren, meteorologiaren eta energia-kontsumoaren datuak aztertu, prozesatu eta korrelazionatuko dira, datu klimatologikoen aurreikuspenen arabera energia-kontsumoa aurreikusteko. Estatistika eta Machine Learning-aren oinarrizko kontzeptuak aztertuko dira. Erabilitako metodologia R hizkuntzan oinarritzen da eta kode ire kiko liburutegiak erabiliko dira datu-meatzaritzako tekniketarako eta aurreikusitako ikasketa automatikorako, balio ezezagun bat aurreikusten duena, kasu honetan energia elektrikoaren kontsumoa izango baita. datu ezagunen multzo batetik. Teknikak ere erabiliko dira datu irekiko datu biltegietatik (Open Data) lortutako datuak kudeatzeko eta formateatzeko. Datuen meatzaritzako gainbegiratutako tekniketan oinarritutako 5 ereduen arteko konparaketa egingo da, kontsumo energetikoaren aurreikuspenetik lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituta eta kontsumo errealeko datuekin alderatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31749,2019-02-28,"The basis of this work is self-knowledge. Although education still does not pay enough attention to it, it is essential for learning. Based on that, an intervention has been designed and carried out with students of the first year of primary education. Being aware of the fact that changes in self-awareness occur in the long run, the purpose of this work is to facilitate the students new roads through a set of activities that are based on plurality. Taking into account the results obtained from the Pretest and Postest questionnaires some conclusions of the intervention in the classroom have been carried out. Afterwards, self-criticism has been made, and there has also been a reflection on the influence of society on our self-knowledge.","Hezkuntzan, oraindik ere behar adina garrantzia ematen ez zaion eta ikaskuntzaren garapenerako ezinbestekoa den autoezagutza da lan honen oinarria. Honen inguruko esku-hartze bat diseinatu eta lehen hezkuntzako lehenengo mailako ikasleekin praktikara eraman da. Autoezagutzan aldaketak luzarora ematen direla jakinda, lan honen helburua, aniztasuna oinarritzat duen jarduera sorta baten bitartez, ikasleei pentsamendu edota bide berriak irekitzea izan da. Ikasgelako esku-hartzean Pretest eta Postest galdetegien bitartez lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituta, ondorio batzuk atera dira. Ondoren, burututakoaren inguruko autokritika egin da eta gizarteak gure autoezagutzan duen eraginaren inguruko hausnarketa burutu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26370,2018-04-17,"In this work we study three topologies defined over the same set: the hedgehog. As the name suggests, the hedgehog can be described as a set of spines identified at a single point. The first topology on the hedgehog will be a quotient topology, and the resulting space will said to be the quotient hedgehog. The main feature of the next topology, which we shall refer to as the compact hedgehog, will, of course, be compactness. The third and last topology will be generated by a metric, and thus the resulting space will said to be the metric hedgehog. Each of the spaces has its particular properties and several interesting implications in Topology.","Lan honetan multzo beraren gainean definitutako hiru topologia aztertzen dira. Multzo hori trikua (edo hedgehog) izenez ezagutzen da. Izenak iradokitzen duen moduan, puntu bakar batean identifikatutako arantza multzo bat da trikua. Aztertuko dugun lehen topologia zatidura topologia izango da eta lortutako espazioari ""zatidura trikua"" deituko diogu. Bigarren topologia trinkoa izango da eta ""triku trinkoa"" izenez ezagutzen da. Azken topologia metrikoa da eta ""triku metrikoa"" izeneko espazioa lortuko dugu. Hiru espazioek berezitasunak dituzte eta inplikazio garrantzitsuak topologia orokorrean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72788,2025-02-14,"This project presents a health and food application that makes it easy to track your diet and eating habits. With an extensive database of recipes it allows you to easily record your meals and get a detailed breakdown of the calories, vitamins and minerals you consume. It is especially focused on vegans and / or vegetarians who need to change their eating habits and it is more complicated to complete a healthy and complete diet. To achieve this goal, the website has a personalized nutritional calculator that allows users to enter their personal data and health goals to track food, both at the macronutrient and micronutrient level. In addition, an informative blog is provided with up-to-date articles on nutrition, physical exercise and healthy lifestyles. Also included is a section dedicated to finding recipes, with easy-to-prepare alternatives using fresh, nutritious and seasonal ingredients. Finally, we can see the national seasonal products for each month, trying to favor local consumption.","Proiektu honek zure dietaren eta elikadura-ohituren jarraipena egitea errazten duen osasun- eta elikadura-aplikazio bat aurkezten du. Errezeten datu-base zabal baten bidez, erraz erregistratzen dira zure janariak, eta xehekatu egiten dira kontsumitzen dituzun kaloriak, bitaminak eta mineralak. Bereziki, elikadura-ohiturak aldatu behar dituzten pertsona begano eta/edo begetarianoetara bideratuta dago, eta zailagoa da dieta osasuntsua eta osoa osatzea. Helburu hori lortzeko, webguneak nutrizio-kalkulagailu pertsonalizatua du, erabiltzaileei beren datu pertsonalak eta osasun-helburuak sartzeko aukera ematen diena, elikaduraren jarraipena egiteko, makronutrienteei zein mikronutrienteei dagokienez. Gainera, informazio blog bat eskaintzen da, nutrizioari, ariketa fisikoei eta bizimodu osasungarriei buruzko artikulu eguneratuekin. Horrez gain, errezetak bilatzeari buruzko atal bat dago, osagai freskoak, elikagarriak eta sasoikoak erabiliz erraz prestatzeko aukerekin. Azkenik, hilabete bakoitzerako sasoiko produktu nazionalak ikus ditzakegu, tokiko kontsumoa errazten saiatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30304,2018-12-12,"Summary: A large number of accidents related to lifeboats have been observed in recent years, resulting in injuries and even deaths. As a result, it was decided to carry out an analysis of selected incidents that occurred on different ships and at different moments in time. In this way observe the evolution and the causes. To understand the reasons, a redaction of the boats operation is developed. Finally, it is determined that lack of maintenance and lack of training are the main culprits of fatalities and that they are mainly focused on davit boats.","Laburpena: Azken aldian, salbamendu ontziekin lotutako istripu asko ge rtatu direla behatu da, zaurituak eta hildakoak emanez. Gertakari hauen ondorioz, ezbehar hauei buruzko azterketa egitea erabakitzen da, denbora tarte eta ontzi desberdinetan emandako kasuak aukeratuz, zergatiak eta eboluzioa aztertu nahi dira. Istripuak behar bezala ulertzeko, ontziak eta haien prozesuei buruzko lan bat burutzen da. Azkenik, kasu gehienak mantentze lan eskasak eta prestakuntza faltak ekarritakoak direla ondorioztatzen da, eta peskante moduko ontzietan gertatzen direla gehienak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16263,2015-11-30,"The purpose of this dissertation is the design of an electric skateboard, using the knowledge acquired while studying the Industrial Technology Engineering Degree. The skateboard is a common transport way used by the teens due to its fun. Having in mind the simplicity and economy, the aim of this work is to mix the fun with the commitment to the environment. This work has a clear way: at the beginning the state of the current market is analyzed so as to have the possibility to propose various possible designs and choose the best one to be developed. So, the design process has this structure: Firstly the state of the current market of electric skateboards is analyzed to, subsequently, and keeping in mind which are the objectives of the project, be able to propose some designs in the part of alternative analysis. Each proposed design will be analyzed taking in account pros and contras and one specific design will be selected for its development. A CAD model of the selected option will be realized, and then the real situation will be mathematically modelized for the subsequent computations presented in the parts of methodology and appendix, as for example determining the power necessary to reach certain acceleration or calculations needed for choosing the elements in the transmission, etc. This way, also, apart from the design developed, a more complex and optimized design is proposed which is focused on industry for a future open investigation role. Finally, all activities needed for carrying out the project are presented with their duration, budget and declaration of costs, risk analysis and final conclusions obtained from the project.","Lan honetan hutsetik hasita skate motorizatu baten diseinu bat egin da, Industria Teknologian Ingeniaritzako Graduan eskuratutako jakintzak erabiliz. Skatea gazteengan oso erabilia den garraiobide bat da aisia dela-eta, eta sinpletasuna eta ekonomia kontuan hartuta, aisia eta ingurugiroarekiko konpromisoa nahasten dira diseinu honekin. Lanak bide argi bat dauka: hasieran merkatuaren egoera aztertzen da, gero diseinu posible batzuk proposatu ahal izateko, eta hortik aukera bat jorratu ahal izateko. Hortaz, prozesua hasieratik hasita, egitura hau izango du lanak: Hasteko, skate motorizatuen merkatuko egoera zein den aztertzen da, ondoren eta helburuak zeintzuk diren kontutan izanda, diseinu posible batzuk proposatu ahal izateko, alternatiben analisien atalean ageri direnak. Proposamen horiek aztertu egiten dira, alde on eta txarrak desberdinduz eta horietako soluzio bat aukeratuz. Aukeratutako diseinuaren CAD modelo bat eraikitzen da, ondoren egoera fisikoa matematikoki modelizatzeko eta beharrezko kalkuluak egin ahal izateko, metodologia atalean eta eranskinetan ageri direnak, hala nola, azelerazio jakin bat lortzeko behar den potentzia, transmisioan beharrezkoak diren kalkuluak kokatu beharreko elementuak zeintzuk diren erabaki ahal izateko, etab. Bide honetan, jorraturiko diseinuaz gain beste diseinu optimizatu eta konplexuago bat proposatzen da, ikerketa bidea zabalik duena, enpresa mundura gehiago zuzendua. Azkenik, lana burutzeko bete behar izan diren ataza bakoitzaren deskribapena eta iraupena, aurrekontua eta gastu aitorpena, arriskuen analisia eta proiektu honetatik atera ditugun ondorioak ematen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42059,2020-03-10,"Nowadays, families and schools are essential for education, formation and individual´s development. Therefore, this end-of-degree project´s aim is to examine what kind of participation parents have in the school. To begin with, a theoretical framework is developed using a very extensive bibliography, in which it is possible to get to know information about the family and the school; for example, the importance of the parental involvement, the resources available for participation, etc. To continue, parents of the five-year early childhood education class at the school in Trapaga have answered a questionnaire, in which questions about the family involvement in the school appeared. Finally, once the answers to the questionnaires were obtained, results and conclusions were drawn to analyze the participation and the parental involvement in the school.","Gaur egun familiak eta eskolak ezinbestekoak dira gizabanakoaren heziketan, formakuntzan eta garapenean. Hori dela eta, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek gurasoek zer-nolako parte-hartzea daukaten eskolan aztertzea du helburu. Hasteko, marko teorikoa garatzen hasten da bibliografia zabal bat erabiliz, non familia eta eskolaren inguruko informazioa ezagutzeko aukera dagoen; esate baterako, familien partehartzeak duen garrantzia, parte-hartzeko dauden bideak, etab. Jarraitzeko, Trapagarango eskolako Haur Hezkuntzako bost urteko gelako gurasoek galdetegi bat erantzun dute, non familiek eskolan duten parte-hartzearen inguruko galderak agertzen diren. Amaitzeko, behin galdetegien erantzunak izanda, emaitzak eta ondorioak atera ditut, ikastetxe honetako gurasoen parte-hartzea eta inplikazioa zein den ezagutzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60264,2023-03-06,"This Final Degree Project presents a way of working the contents of the area of Natural Sciences, more specifically the basic concepts of forces, through a series of activities designed and based on exploration and experimentation. The objective of this study is, on the one hand, to design and carry out activities so that primary school children can internalize and acquire the basic concepts of forces, also verifying that these designed activities are valid and correct. And, on the other hand, the objective of the study is also to demonstrate that the children to whom it is being applied, are able to fulfill the objective of the study, which is to acquire and internalize the concepts, in our case, that of forces. To carry out the study, 20 students between 10 and 11 years old were selected. It was carried out in a school in Vitoria-Gasteiz, with a duration of four hours, divided into three consecutive days, where the first and the last one took one hour and the second two. All the data was recorded and analyzed using the Excel tool, making use of tables and graphs. The conclusion is that through the questionnaires carried out, it is demonstrated that the activities designed produce significant improvements in the students. In addition to showing that children at this educational stage are capable of acquiring and internalizing basic concepts of force through exploration and experimentation.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Natura Zientzien arloko edukiak lantzeko modu bat aurkezten da, zehazki, indarren oinarrizko kontzeptuak, ikerketan eta esperimentazioan oinarritutako eta diseinatutako jarduera batzuen bitartez. Azterlan honen helburua da, alde batetik, lehen hezkuntzako etapako haurrek indarren oinarrizko kontzeptuak barneratu eta bereganatu ahal izateko jarduerak diseinatu eta egitea eta, bestetik, diseinatutako jarduera horiek baliozkoak eta zuzenak direla egiaztatzea. Horretaz gain, azterlanaren helburua da, halaber, agerian uztea lana burutzen zaien umeei, hauek gai direla hura betetzeko, hau da, kontzeptuak eskuratzeko eta barneratzeko, gure kasuan indarrari dagokiona. Azterketa egiteko 10 eta 11 urte bitarteko 20 ikasle aukeratu ziren. Gasteizko ikastetxe batean egin zen, lau orduko iraupenarekin, hiru egunetan banatuta; lehenengo eta azkeneko egunak ordubetekoak izan ziren, eta bigarrenak bi. Datu guztiak Excel tresnaren bidez jaso eta aztertu ziren, taulak eta irudiak erabiliz. Ondorioa da, egindako galdera-sorten bidez, diseinatutako jarduerek ikasleengan hobekuntza nabarmenak eragiten dituztela. Gainera, agerian uzten da hezkuntza-etapa honetan haurrak gai direla indarren oinarrizko kontzeptuak eskuratzeko eta barneratzeko, ikerketaren eta esperimentazioaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20322,2017-01-12,"The increase in the use of renewable energy can lead to periods with electric power surplus, which can be exploited to generate methane. The methane production methods proposed in this project arises upon the chemical reaction known as Sabatier reaction: CO2 + 4 H2  CH4 + 2 H2O. In order to make this reaction possible, the intervention of a catalyst is required. This project shows the effectiveness of a catalysts composed of nickel and alumina. In addition to the catalyst a carbon-based absorbent material will be introduced in the reactor, biocoke. This material that comes from the pyrolysis of biomass it is pretreated with a CaCl2 solution and heated to 200 °C. The chemical reaction occurs at a temperature of 350 °C and atmospheric pressure, obtaining conversion values up to 17,87%.","Energia berriztagarriaren erabilera handituz joan da urteetan zehar eta batzuetan metanoa sortzeko erabil litekeen energia soberakina egon daiteke. Dokumentu honetan Sabatier erreakzioa aurkezten da metanoa sortzeko: CO2 + 4 H2  CH4 + 2 H2O. Erreakzio hau gertatu ahal izateko katalizatzaile bat behar da. Dokumentu honetan nikel eta aluminaz osatutako katalizatzaile baten eraginkortasuna aurkezten da. Erreaktorean katalizatzailea eta karbono oinarrizko adsorbatzaile bat, biomasaren pirolisian sortutako biokokea, sartuko dira. Adsorbatzailea CaCl2 disoluzio batekin aurretratatzen da eta ondoren 200 °C-ra berotzen da. Erreakzio kimikoa 350 °C-an ematen da eta presio atmosferikoan, %17.87ko konbertsio baloreak lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55068,2022-01-18,"The main purpose of this Adoption Work is the engagement with monomaral and migrant women through humor. To this end, after being diarily with these women and receiving information about the mood, some actions have been designed based on the goals of sustainable Development. Besides, with the intention of directing intervention to social inclusion, actions have been carried out with five women demonstrating the viability of the intervention. With the results obtained, the functions of the pedagogy of humour have been found to be beneficial for the development of women in a state of neglect.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia umorearen bitartez emakume monomarental eta migranteekin esku-hartzea da. Horretarako, emakume hauen egunerokotasunean egon eta umorearen inguruko informazioa jaso ondoren, ekintza batzuk diseinatu dira, zeintzuk Garapen Jasangarriko Helburuak oinarri dituzten. Horrez gain, eta esku-hartzea Gizarte Hezkuntzari bideratzeko asmoarekin, ekintzak bost emakumerekin burutu dira esku-hartzearen bideragarritasuna frogatuz. Lortutako emaitzekin umorearen pedagogiaren funtzioak, bazterkeria egoeretan dauden emakumeen garapenerako onuragarriak direla ikusi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/11603,2014-02-21T12:05:12Z,"Dating documents is one of the most frequent problems the Forensic Document Examiners deal with. This research faces the problem sensu lato. For this purpose, the topic is contextualized, and an exhaustive study of the conducted research in the field of dating inks and in the resolution of the sequential order of crossings, is done. The second section is dedicated on the subject of aging and dating inks. The second chapter faces the study of ink dating methods by monitoring the evaporation of volatile components: on sampling, optimization of the extraction, using RTL tool in GC-MS to highlight differences between batches of inks, monitoring the evaporation of volatiles when there are several layers of paper, and a proposal for mass independent aging curves based on the loss of volatile compounds. A real court case, in which different techniques and conclusions of this chapter have been applied, is developed to illustrate it. In the third chapter, a study about the binder resins used in ink formulations and its aging processes is performed. Various techniques for studying the effect of the evolution of resins with time are proposed: development of a predictive model with data obtained from UV-Vis-NIR reflectance spectra, study of the strokes with scanning electron microscopy, and monitoring the bands of functional groups in the FTIR spectra of the ink samples. The results for the predictive model are promising to get to the resolution of the raised problem. In the fourth chapter, the field of dating opens understanding this as the establishment of the temporal sequence between different elements of the document. Techniques as confocal and atomic force microscopy, as well as metallographic microscope are applied. At the end of the chapter another real court case in which one of these techniques has been applied for its resolution, is presented.","Auzitegiko dokumentu-analistak sarritan topatzen duen problemaren bat hauxe da: dokumentuak noizkoak diren esatea. Ikerlan honetan, arazo honi aurre egiten zaio sensu lato. Horretarako, lehenengo atalean, problemari testuingurua eman zaio, eta bai tinten datazioari buruz ari diren lanei eta baita gurutzaketen orden sekuentzialari erabakia ematen dizkioten ikerketei azterketa sakona egin zaie, orain arte argitaratu direnak aipatuz. Bigarren Atala tinten zahartze eta datazioari buruzkoa da. Bigarren kapituluan, tintak noizkoak diren jakitearen arazoari aurre egiten zaio, horretarako dauden metodoen azterketaz, lurrunkorren baporizazioa jarraituz: lagina hartzea, erauztearen optimizazioa, tinta-sorten arteko ezberditasunak argi ikusteko RTL tresna erabilpena, lurrunkorren baporizazioaren jarraipena paperezko geruza batzu izaten direnean, eta masari lotu gabeko zahartze kurbaren proposamena, lurrunkorren galeran oinarrituta. Kapitulu hau epailearen kasu erreal batez argitu da. Kasu horretan, kapituluaren zehar erabilitako teknika ezberdinak eta lortutako ondorioak praktikan jarri dira. Hirugarren kapituluan tinten formulazioan erabilitako erretxinei buruzko azterketa egin da, euren zahartze eta zahartze honen jarraipena. Teknika batzu proposatu dira denborari lotutako erretxinen garapen azterketarako: iragarpen eredu bat garapena UV-vis-NIR islapenaren neurrietatik lortu diren datuekin, trazuen azterketa elektroi-ekorketa mikroskopiaz, eta talde funtzionalen banden jarraipena tintaren laginen FTIR espektroetan. Iragarpen eredurako emaitzak, planteatutako arazoaren erabakirako etorkizun handikoak dira. Hirugarren Atalean datazioaren zelaia zabaldu da, ulertzen hau dokumentua osatzen dituzten elementuen arteko segida zehaztearen prozesu bezala. Mikroskopia konfokala, indar atomikoko mikroskopia eta mikroskopio metalografikoaren teknikak aplikatu dira. Kapituluaren amaieran beste epailearen kasu erreala aurkeztu da, eta kasu honen erabakirako hauen arteko teknika bat erabili da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/8310,2012-07-10T11:57:53Z,"Understanding the physical and temporal factors that structure populations is essential to their conservation and management. The main objective of this thesis is to identify ancient and contemporary processes shaping genetic variation of the forest dwelling European pine marten (Martes martes L. 1758), trough two distinct disciplines: phylogeography (i.e combination of phylogenetics and biogeography) and landscape genetics (i.e combination of population genetics and landscape ecology). Firstly, this thesis reviews the intraspecific phylogenetic, population genetic, and landscape genetic studies conducted on the 8 recognized Martes species populations; discusses commonalities found across the species in terms of habitats deemed important for connectivity; and identifies knowledge gaps for understanding movement and substructure. Secondly, we investigated the phylogeographic pattern of the European pine marten, providing new insights into the cryptic northern glacial refugia and postglacial recolonization of Europe as well as into genetic relationships between M. martes and M. zibellina. Thirdly, in order to understand how landscape and environmental features influence population genetic structure, non-invasive genetic sampling (i.e sampling genetic material without disturbing the target species) of faeces in combination with landscape genetics methods have been used for the study of this rare and elusive species. For the consecution of this objective we initially designed and applied a non-invasive species identification method to asses the distribution of sympatric martens from fecal DNA (M. martes and M. foina) and thereafter, by means of microsatellite analysis we investigated the spatial genetic structure of the pine marten inhabiting a fragmented landscape. Bayesian spatial and non-spatial models allowed us to detect several populations with genetic discontinuities being associated to human induced landscape transformations (i.e. urban areas, road networks and forest fragmentation processes). Finally, we evaluated the influence of several landscape features on pine marten gene flow within a regional ecological network (Basque country, Spain) through individual-based least-cost distance GIS analysis. Our results confirmed the validity of the designed corridors and the need to keep taking them into account in land use planning. Besides, we identified areas of intensive agriculture and the major road networks as landscape features which limit pine marten gene flow. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a GIS modeled ecological network has been evaluated through a landscape genetics approach.","Espezieen kontserbazio eta kudeaketa egokirako, populazioen egituran eragiten duten eragile fisiko eta denborazkoak ikertzea ezinbestekoa da. Tesi honen helburu nagusia, basoko espeziea den lepahoriaren (Martes martes L. 1758) gaur egungo aniztasun genetikoaren banaketan eragin duten prozesu historiko eta garaikideak identifikatzea da bi diziplina ezberdinen bidez: filogeografia (i.e. filogenia eta biogeografiaren konbinazioa) eta paisaiaren genetika (i.e. populazioen genetika eta paisaiaren ekologiaren konbinazioa). Lehenik eta behin, tesi honek Martes generoko 8 espezieen filogenia intraespezifikoa, populazioen genetika eta paisaiaren genetika arloetan gauzatu diren ikerketak berrikusi; espezie ezberdinetan konektibitaterako garrantzia berezia duten habitatetan antzeman diren patroi orokorrak eztabaidatu eta sakabanatze patroi eta populazioen barne egiturei dagokien ulermen hutsune nagusiak identifikatzen ditu. Bestalde, lepahori europarraren patroi filogeografikoa ikertuz, mediterranear Penintsulakoez gain babesleku kriptikoen existentziaren ebidentziak, Europako glaziazio ondorengo birkolonizazio prozesuak zein M. martes eta M. zibellina arteko erlazio genetikoei buruzko ekarpenak egin ditugu. Teknika molekular ez inbaditzaileen (i.e. material genetikoa eskuratu espeziea harrapatu edo oztopatu gabe) eta paisaiaren genetika metodoen konbinazioaren erabilera, espezie arraro eta sahieskorren ikerketa egokiak burutzeko eraginkorra da. Teknika hauek, populazioen egituraketan eragiten duten ingurune eta lurralde eragileak ulertzea ahalbidetzen dute. Ondorioz, helburu hau lortzeko lehenik Martes generoko (M. martes eta M. foina) espezie sinpatrikoen banaketa zehazten duen metodo genetiko ez inbaditzailea garatu zen. Ondoren, mikrosatelite markatzaileen bidez, lepahoriak ingurune zatikatuan duen egitura genetiko espaziala ikertu zen. Modelo Bayesiano espazial eta ez espazialek, populazio desberdinetan etenaldi genetikoa izaera antropogenikoa duen paisaiaren eraldaketarekin (i.e. bide azpiegiturak eta basoko zatiketa prozesuak) loturik dagoela antzematea ahalbidetu dute. Azkenik, eskualde mailako sare ekologiko batean (Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa, Espainia) eta distantzia kostu minimoak eta SIG azterketa erabiliz, lepahoriaren fluxu genikoan aldagai paisajistiko ezberdinek duten eragina aztertu genuen. Gure emaitzek, diseinatutako korridoreen balioa berretsi eta lurralde planifikazioetan tresna baliagarri moduan aintzakotzat hartzen jarraitzea beharrezkoa dela baieztatzen dute. Horretaz gain, nekazaritza intentsiboa, bide azpiegitura nagusiak eta gune urbanizatuak, lepahoriaren fluxu genikoa mugatzen duten elementu paisajistiko nagusiak direla identifikatu genuen. Lan hau, paisaiaren genetikan oinarritutako ikerketa baten bidez SIG bitartez modelizatutako sare ekologiko baten azterketan aitzindaria da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26292,1994-12,"This paper presents a reflexion about peace by considering its roots. It is argued that it can only be achieved by everybody's effort trough dialogue, excluding war. It is underlined that it is always constituted within some short of personal or collective emigration.","Pakeari buruzko gogoeta bat egiten da, horren oinazpiak kontutan hartuz. Pakea bakarrik guztion arteko elkarrizketaren bidez eraiki daitekela azaltzen da ere bai, sekula ez gudaren ondorioz, beti pertsonal edo kolektibo edozein motako emigrazio barruan ezartzen dela azpimarratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72748,2025-02-13,"In response to the challenges of the aviation sector, aligning with the European Green Deal to reduce the carbon footprint and addressing the Covid-19 crisis, this project tackles the need for disruptive technologies to achieve the zero-emission aircraft goals. The main objective of the work is to improve the reception stage of an optical sensor system compared to the sensor used in tetaste (Aerodynamic Technologies for Geared Turbofans) project, in order to make it more compact and improve its response speed. To this end, a new photodiode has been selected and a new reception circuit has been designed, in addition to proceeding with the fabrication and characterization of the circuit. The results obtained demonstrate that the developed optical detector has a greater response amplitude range, allowing for greater precision in measuring the rotor blade clearance, as well as a shorter signal rise time. These conclusions enable further research and improve the efficiency of the global system.","Sektore aeronautikoaren erronkei erantzunez, karbono-aztarna murrizteko European Grean Deal-arekin lerrokatzea eta Covid-19 krisialdiari aurre egitea, proiektu honek zero isuriko hegazkinen helburuak lortzeko teknologia disruptiboen beharra jorratzen du. Lan honen helburu nagusia sentsore-sistema optiko baten harrera etapa hobetzea da, TASTE (Engranatutako Turbofanetarako Teknologia Aerodinamikoak) proiektuan erabilitako sentsorearekin alderatuta, sistema trinkoagoa izan dadin eta erantzun-abiadura hobetu dadin. Horretarako, fotodiodo berri bat hautatu eta harrera-zirkuitu berri bat diseinatu da, zirkuitua fabrikatzeaz eta karakterizatzeaz gain. Lortutako emaitzek erakusten dutenez, garatutako detektore optikoaren erantzunanplitudeak tarte handiagoa du, eta, horri esker, errotorearen beso-lasaieraren neurria zehatzagoa da, baita seinalearen igoera denbora txikiagoa ere. Ondorio hauek ikerketan aurrera egitea eta sistema globalaren eraginkortasuna hobetzea ahalbidetzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69468,2024-07,"This paper explores the potential outcomes of using ICTs for Foreign Language Learning in a primary school, along with fostering the development of the digital competence as regulated in the European Framework. A student-created podcast project was implemented, following a task-based approach aiming to improve communicative language aspects through fostering interaction and collaboration. The methods for collecting the data were an observation chart to analyse improvements on pronunciation and intonation, an observation chart to measure the development of digital competence manifested throughout the process, and a questionnaire to obtain students’ perceptions regarding motivational aspects of the project. Results indicated that students improved in pronunciation and intonation through repeated recording of the podcast, applying implicit and explicit feedback. In addition, most students felt motivated towards the project, with gender differences mostly regarding self-confidence and perceived usefulness. The project contributed on the development of the digital competence at a basic level. However, further research is needed due to the limited sample size to draw firmer conclusions on the topic.","Artikulu honek lehen hezkuntzako ikastetxe batean atzerriko hizkuntzak ikasteko IKTeen erabileraren balizko emaitzak aztertzen ditu, Europako Esparruan araututako gaitasun digitalaren garapenaren baitan. Ikerketarako, zereginetan oinarritutako ikaskuntza-ikuspegiari jarraituz, ikasleek sortutako podcast bat baliatu zen, hizkuntzaren komunikazio-alderdiak hobetzeko asmotan, ikasleen arteko elkarrekintza eta lankidetza sustatuz. Datu bilketan hiru meto erabii dira: ahoskeran eta intonazioan hobekuntzak aztertzeko behaketa-taula, prozesuan zehar adierazitako gaitasun digitalaren garapena neurtzeko behaketa-taula eta proiektuaren motibazio-alderdien inguruan ikasleen pertzepzioak neurtzen dituen galdetegia. Emaitzen arabera, ahoskera eta intonazioa hobetu zuten ikasleek, podcasta behin eta berriz grabatuz, atzeraeragin inplizitu eta esplizituaren arabera. Gainera, ikasle gehienak proiektuarekiko motibatuta sentitu ziren, eta genero-desberdintasunak izan zituzten, batez ere beren buruarekiko konfiantzari eta proiektuaren erabilgarritasunari dagokienez. Proiektuak, maila apalean bada ere, gaitasun digitala garatzen lagundu zuen. Hala ere, laginaren tamaina mugatua dela eta, ikertzen jarraitu behar da gaiari buruzko ondorio irmoagoak ateratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67719,2024-05-07,"The present End-of-Grade Project (EGP) is intended for children in Early Childhood Education to discover the possibilities offered by music and to develop the abilities they can find within it. Therefore, it can be said that the main objective is to work music through a didactic sequence aimed at 5-year-old class and demonstrate the importance of music as a pedagogical tool in the Early Childhood Education stage. Likewise, in the sessions launched and taking advantage of the observation, information has been collected, obtaining results and drawing conclusions. In addition, through the questionnaires carried out both to the children, as well as those that they have carried out, it has been possible to observe if the activities have been satisfactory and appropriate for them both cooperatively and individually. This proposal shows the musical development, as well as the verbal and non-verbal abilities of each child. To finish, this work arises from the importance of working on music in the Early Childhood Education stage using different musical tools.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) honen asmoa, Haur Hezkuntzako Haurrek musikak eskaintzen dituen aukerak deskubritzea eta bertan topa daitekeen gaitasunak garatzea da. Beraz, esan daiteke lan honen helburu nagusia musika lantzea dela 5 urteko gelari zuzendutako sekuentzia didaktiko baten bidez, eta Haur Hezkuntzako etapan musikak tresna pedagogiko gisa duen garrantzia ikusaraztea. Era berean, martxan jarritako saioetan eta behaketaz baliatuz, informazioa jaso egin da, emaitza batzuk eskuratuz nahiz ondorioak ateraz. Gainera, egindako behaketa eta ebaluazio taulen bidez nahiz haiek erantzundako galdera sorten bidez, gauzatutako banaka nahiz taldeko jolasak gogobetekoak eta aproposak izan diren ikusarazi egin da. Proposamen honek, haur bakoitzaren garapen musikala erakusten edota azalarazten du, baita haur bakoitzaren hitzezko eta hitzik gabeko gaitasunak ere. Era berean, Haur Hezkuntzako etapan musika lantzearen garrantziaren ondorioz sortu egin da lan hau hainbat baliabide musikal ezberdin erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16278,2015-12-01,"In this End of Grade work bolted joints sequences will be analyzed by flanges offshore pipelines under pressure (the tubes that typically transport gas and oil). Although the effects of the elastic and pivotal interaction make it so difficult, it is necessary for the screws that tighten the flange to spread the load over all screws uniformly to prevent escapes. In fact, the economic investments involving these infrastructures are very high. Today, there are several standardized screwed sequences by ASME, but these sequences must be followed in a very strict way, tighten all the screws one by one, usually at very uncomfortable angles, so they are clearly a waste of time for their complexity. Therefore, to simplify them and save time and money, the aim will be to optimize these screwed sequences. For this purpose, some tests will be conducted on two models that will depend on some parameters; in order to observe its influence on tightening sequences.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan offshore presiopeko hodien (gasa nahiz petrolioa garraiatzen duten hodien) brida bidezko loturetako torlojutze sekuentziak aztertuko dira. Aplikazio hauek suposatzen duten inbertsio ekonomikoa dela eta, ihesak ekiditeko asmoz, ezinbestekoa da brida hauek elkarri lotzeko dituzten torlojuen kargak uniformeki bananduta egotea torloju guztietan, interakzio elastikoak eta pibotamendu mugimenduak helburu hori zailtzen badute ere. Gaur egun torlojutze sekuentziak ASME-k araututa baldin baditu ere, ez dira batere erosoak, torloju guztiak ordena zehatz batean estutu behar direlako, eta estutze hauek ez direlako egoerarik erosoenetan egiten, denbora asko galduz. Horregatik, sinpletasuna lortzeko eta denbora eta dirua aurrezteko, torlojutze sekuentzia horiek optimizatzea izango da helburu nagusia. Aipaturiko lana aurrera eramateko, bi brida modeloren torlojutze analisiak egin beharko dira, berauek parametro batzuen menpe jarrita, estutze sekuentzietan duten eragina ikusi ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68436,2024-06-14,"Many times, when talking about the success of schooling, reference is made to the importance of good treatment of students. For this, it is essential to offer all students equal opportunities for education and learning, by keeping in mind their adverse experiences and needs. Among these are students who have suffered or are suffering from Adverse Childrenhood Experiences (ACE), which are often unknown, invisible and even uncomfortable for the school community. Through this end-of-degree project, knowledge about their meaning and consequences is offered, through the study and explanation of what the school should do in response to them, the relationship between teachers and students, as well as teaching function, and teacher training. At all times, in order to guarantee the principle of universal justice in the school environment, the importance of helping ACEs from an early age is highlighted, investigating deficiencies and opportunities. To do this, the course Haurtzaroan adbertsitateak bizi izan dituzten umeen eskolaratze prozesuak ikertzen eta laguntzen (in english, Investigating and helping the schooling processes of children who have suffered adversities in childhood), offered in 2022 by the Udako Ikastaroak foundation (UIK, in english, Summer courses) of the University of The Basque Country (UPV/EHU) has been studied using the qualitative method. In addition to analyzing the contributions of international expert participants from the school community, the teacher and researcher of the university 2 and also creator of the same Gema Lasarte has been interviewed in depth to complete the information and reinforce the results of this research. This project aims to make known and disseminate the reality of ACEs among teachers, collecting and studying the experts´ advice to help them and improve the teaching function. The results and conclusions of this work focus on the need to improve the quality of teacher training.","Askotan, eskolaratzearen arrakastaz hitz egiten denean, erreferentzia egiten zaio ikasleriarekiko tratu onaren garrantziari. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa da ikasle guztiei hezkuntzarako eta ikaskuntzarako aukera berdintsuak eskaintzea, haien esperientziak eta behar anitzak kontuan hartuz. Horien artean, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) edo Esperientzia Gogor Goiztiarrak (EGG) pairatu dituzten edo pairatzen ari diren ikasleak aurkitu daitezke, eskola komunitatearentzat askotan ezezagunak, ikusezinak edota deserosoak direnak. Gradu amaierako lan honen bitartez, hauen esanahiaren eta ondorioen ezagutza eskaintzen da, egoera hauen aurrean eskolak egin beharrekoak, irakasleriaren eta ikasleriaren arteko harremana zein irakasle funtzioa, eta, irakasleriaren formakuntza aztertzen eta azaltzen direlarik. Betiere, eskola esparruan justizia unibertsalaren printzipioa bermatzeko, adin goiztiarretatik ACEak laguntzearen garrantzia azpimarratzen da, dauden gabeziak eta aukerak ikertuz. Horretarako, 2022an Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatearen (UPV/EHU) Udako Ikastaroak (UIK) fundazioak eskainitako Haurtzaroan adbertsitateak bizi izan dituzten umeen eskolaratze prozesuak ikertzen eta laguntzen ikastaroa metodo kualitatiboaren bitartez aztertu da. Ikastaroan parte hartutako nazioarteko eskola komunitateko aditu desberdinen ekarpenak aztertzeaz gain, horren sortzaile eta unibertsitateko irakasle eta ikertzailea den Gema Lasarte sakon elkarrizketatu da informazioa osatuz eta ikerketa honen emaitzak indartuz. Lan honek irakasleriaren artean ACE errealitatea ezagutzera eman eta zabaltzea du helburu, horiek laguntzeko eta irakasle funtzioa hobetzeko adituek ematen dituzten gomendioak jasoz eta aztertuz. Lanaren emaitza eta ondorioek irakasleen formakuntzaren kalitatean hobetu beharretan jartzen dute fokoa" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67885,2024-05-10,"The adequation of the processor in a Computing System is a critical aspect regarding performance and system costs. This device must be composed of hardware that enables the processor to execute the tasks that the system has to deal with most efficiently, in order to maximize the general efficiency of the system. By doing so, the creation of powerful systems for specific tasks can be achieved, such as obtaining energy-efficient systems that are cheaper to produce. However, processor design has not been an easy task until now. The design process has always belonged to a closed and proprietary industry, mainly because a few companies have carried out the design and fabrication of processors, creating devices that implement Instruction Set Architectures (ISA) only known by these companies. The flowering of RISC-V, one of the first open ISAs, has democratised the processor design process, as it has brought to engineers a tool that enables processor and System-on-Chip (SoC) design without any kind of restriction, leveraging the interest in purpose-specific processors. The design of a SoC based on a RISC-V processor has been carried out in this project. An analysis of the different open-source RISC-V processors available has also been made to choose the processor of the system. The aforementioned design will be the basis for the ASIC that the APERT research team is planning to create. For this reason, the design has been made to permit the inclusion of extra IP (Intellectual property) blocks, so that the Research Team can include extra functionalities in the final design.","Konputazio sistemetan, prozesagailuaren egokitasuna alderdi kritiko bat da sistemaren errendimendu eta honi lotutako kostuei dagokionez. Gailu honek sistemak exekutatu behar dituen atazak modu ahalik eta eraginkorrenean egitea ahalbidetzen duen hardwarea inplementatzen badu, efizientzia orokorra asko igo daiteke. Honela, haien helburuetarako ahaltsuak, energetikoki efizienteak eta fabrikazioari dagokionez merkeagoak diren sistemak sortu daitezke. Hala ere, helburu zehatzetarako prozesagailuen diseinua ez zen ataza erraza gaur egunera arte. Tradizionalki, prozesagailuen diseinuaren industria itxia edo propietarioa izan da, gailu ezberdinen diseinu edota fabrikazioa enpresa gutxi batzuk gauzatzen zutela, hauek bakarrik ezagutzen zuten Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) jakin bat inplementatuz. RISC-V ISA irekiaren agerraldiak prozesagailuen diseinua demokratizatu du, ingeniariei helburu zehatzetarako prozesagailuak eta hauetan oinarritutako System-on-Chip-ak (SoC) diseinatzeko tresna oso baliagarria eskura jarri baitie, alderdi bai tekniko bai ekonomikoetan hirugarrengoek ezarritako muga guztiak ezabatuz. Proiektu honetan RISC-V prozesagailu batean oinarritutako SoC baten diseinua gauzatu da, horretarako eskuragarri dauden kode-irekiko RISC-V prozesagailuen inplementazio ezberdinak alderatu eta erabili direla. Diseinu hau, APERT taldeak garatu nahi duen ASICaren oinarria izango da, SoC diseinuak ikerkuntza taldeak gehitu nahi dituen IP (Intellectual property) bloke ezberdinen gehikuntza ahalbidetzen duela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25625,1993,"By means of pointing out caracteristics, tendencies and causing forces, a general approach is made towards a Sociology applied to the study of crime and criminality.","Gaiztakeri eta kriminalitatearen ikasketari aplikatutako Soziologiari buruzko laburpen orokor bat egiten da, bere sorburuan dauden ezaugarri, joera eta indarrak adieraziz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19735,2016-12-02,"In this final grade thesis the substitution of a roof for a deteriorated industrial unit will be developed. For that new layouts and calculus will be made. The roof will be designed to adjusts to the measures of the former structure and local conditions, so it can resist any possible situation that will put a strain on it. Nowadays, to carry out any kind of construction it’s compulsory to respect different laws and rules. Therefore, this research will be made following the CTE (Código Técnico de la Edificación) and the EAE (instrucciones del Acero Estructural). Following these documents and accomplishing their requirements, the materials to use will be chosen and the roof designed. In the same way, the profiles that will form the roof will be selected. Thus, so this project can become in a functional structure and in no need of an overpriced investment, the chosen material will be steel. To carry out this project, the design will be made with a specific computer program following the previously named laws and checking the different load limits. This computer program will gave the different results and the roof will be designed according to them.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan industria-nabe narriatu baten teilatuaren aldaketa jorratu da. Horretarako, teilatu berriaren diseinua eta kalkuluak egin dira. Estruktura zaharraren dimentsioetara moldatuz, lekuko kondizioen arabera diseinatu da izan daitezkeen egoera desberdinak jasateko gai izan dadin. Gaur egun, edonolako eraikuntza bat aurrera eramateko hainbat arau eta lege errespetatu behar dira. Beraz, lan honetan CTE (código técnico de la edificación) eta EAE (instrucciones del acero estructural) dokumentuak batzen dituzten arauak jarraitu dira. Teilatuaren diseinua eta material aukeraketa, honen arabera eta eginkizun guztiak bete ahal izateko moduan egin da. Era berean, teilatua osatzen duten profilak aukeratu dira. Beraz, funtzionala eta inbertsio ekonomiko handiegirik egin behar ez izateko altzairua aukeratu da. Lana aurrera eramateko, ordenagailu programaren bidez diseinatu da eta adierazitako arauen arabera izan daitezkeen karga egoera desberdinak frogatu dira. Programak berak eman ditu erantzunak eta hauen arabera birdiseinatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54040,2021-11-23,"In order to study the nature of Saturn’s wind structures, an analysis of the planet’s southern hemisphere turbulence is made by calculating the power spectra of the passive tracers of its atmosphere. Spectral behavior of photometric cuts across all of the planet’s longitudes are analysed, between latitudes of 15 º and 45 ºS. Furthermore, a profile of zonal and meridional winds is measured by the PICV3 correlator and through the cloud tracking method between latitudes of 0 º and 70 ºS. For both analyses, images with the CB2 filter from the Cassini mission, February 2005, were used.","Saturnoko haize-egituren izaera aztertzeko helburuarekin, planetaren hego hemisferioaren turbulentziaren analisia aurkezten da bere atmosferako trazatzaile pasiboen potentzia espektralaren kalkuluaren bidez. Paralelo osoa barne hartzen duten ebaki fotometrikoen jokaera espektrala aztertzen da, 15 º eta 45 ºS arteko latitudeetan. Gainera, zonaldeko zein hegoaldeko haizearen profila kalkulatzen da PICV3 korreladorearekin eta cloud tracking eskuzko metodoa erabiliz, 0 º eta 70 ºS arteko latitudeak barne hartzen. Bi lanetarako Cassini misioak 2005eko otsailean CB2 iragazkiarekin lortutako irudiak erabiltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60856,2023-04-21,"The aim of this qualitative study was to analyze the habits, reasons and barriers to Leisure Time Physical Activity (LTPA) of adult women in Gipuzkoa who have an affective relationship with the dependent person and who have had to assume this caregiving responsibility, and to propose practical applications that may be useful for improving their quality of life. For this purpose, semi-structured and individual interviews were carried out with three women from Gipuzkoa, who are Informal Caregivers (IC), in order to learn firsthand about their reality. The results emphasized the lack of LTPA, causing a worsening of their physical health (back pain, for example) and mental health (anxiety, stress). The main barrier was the lack of free and leisure time, derived from the gender roles assigned by society and the lack of socioeconomic support from public policies and institutions; in the case of subsidies it was indicated that they exist, but that having so many conditions they had to fight for their acquisition. As main reason stands out the maintenance of mental wellbeing, where, both through low intensity and natural activities, happiness is sought both in the hedonic and eudaimonic dimensions. The main conclusion aws that there is still a long way to go into the care of caregivers and that LTPA can be a tool for their well-being. These results could be useful in the future to adjust the conditions of support for ICs and to carry out a multidimensional leisure intervention adapted for them.","Ikerketa kualitatibo honek, mendekotasuna duten pertsonekin lotura afektibo bat duten eta zaintza ardura hori hartu behar izan duten Gipuzkoako emakume helduen aisialdiko Jarduera Fisikoa (JF) egiteko aztura, arrazoi eta oztopoak aztertu eta euren bizi kalitatearen hobekuntzarako baliagarriak izan litezkeen aplikazio praktiko batzuk proposatzea du helburu. Horretarako, Gipuzkoako hiru emakumeri, zeinak Zaintzaile Informalak (ZI) diren, elkarrizketa erdi-egituratuak eta indibidualak egin zitzaizkien, euren errealitatea lehen eskutik ezagutu asmoz. Emaitzek, aisialdiko JF ezin egina nabarmendu zen, emakume hauen osasun fisiko (lunbalgiak, adibidez) zein mentalaren (antsietatea, estresa) okertzea eraginez. Oztopo nagusia, denbora libre eta aisialdi eza izan zen, gizarteak esleitutako genero rolen eta politika eta erakunde publikoen babes sozioekonomiko gabeziaren ondoriozkoa; diru laguntzen kasuan, bazeudela adierazi zen, baina, hain baldintzatuak izatearen ondorioz, eskuratzeko borrokatu beharra dute. Arrazoi nagusi gisa, ongizate mentala mantentzea nabarmendu zen, non, intentsitate baxuko zein natur- jardueren bitartez, dimentsio hedonikoan zein eudaimonikoan zoriona bilatzen zen. Ondorio nagusia, oraindik ere, zaintzaileen zaintzan bide luzea dagoela egiteko da eta JF euren ongizaterako tresna izan daitekeela Emaitza hauek baliagarriak izan daitezke etorkizunean ZIei zuzenduriko laguntzen baldintzak doitzean eta eurentzat egokitutako aisialdiko JFrako esku-hartze multidimentsional bat aurrera garatzeko garaian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26700,1995,"After a brief analysis of the situation generated by masse immigration movements, economical immigration and asylum phenomena are studied, standing out the problem of people who can´t legalize its situation or whose request is refused.","Migraziozko mugimendu multzoek sorreraziko egoera aztertu ondoren, inmigrazio ekonomikoa eta asiloaren fenomenoa azaltzen da, batipat beren egoera legalizatu ezin duten pertsonen arazoan erdiratuz, eta era berean beren asilo eskabidea ukatuta duten pertsonengan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23356,2017-09,"The objective of this project is to evaluate the dried and extracted orujillo, to generate 3 MWe of electrical energy in a biomass plant. This residue is burned in a boiler to produce steam and to expand it through a turbine producing electricity, which is known as the Rankine cycle. To get an idea of the size of this project, it will be necessary to describe the management of the waste, a description of the plant and its dimensioning. All this accompanied by an economic study to evaluate its viability.","Proiektu honen helburua biomasa zentral baten bitartez 3MWe energia elektriko lortzeko, oliba-lapa lehor eta laburtuaren erabilpena balioztatzea da. Hondakin hau galdara baten erretzen da, ur lurruna ekoizteko eta hau turbina baten bitartez zabaldu energia elektrikoa lortzeko, Rankine ziklo bat osatuz. Proiektu honen irispena ezagutzeko, landarearen deskribapena eta dimentsionaketa beharko dira. Hau guztia, azterketa ekonomiko bat gehituta proiektuaren bideragarritasuna balioztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73474,2025-05-08,"This work analyses the influence of the internal logic of the game on the students' emotions, considering on the one hand linear and cyclical time, and on the other hand, the type of relationships. To this end, the influence that time and the relationships of games have on pupils' emotions has been analysed among 6th grade pupils at the Barrutia Ikastola. The main objective of the research was to identify the emotions expressed by the pupils, taking into account the internal logic of the motor games, in order to measure the emotional experiences of the participants in the different physical activities. To this end, quantitative (389 samples) and qualitative (diaries) results were analysed. The intensity and frequency of emotions were analysed, distinguishing between positive and negative emotions. Using the emotion scale (Alcaraz-Muñoz et al., 2022), students measured nine different emotions in each game. Among the conclusions analysed, in the linear time games, anger predominates as the main negative emotion. It has also been observed that emotions are experienced more intensely in memory activities. In general, after analysing the influence of the type of game time on emotions, differences have been identified that will be explained in the paper","Lan honek joko-jolasen barne-logikak ikasleen emozioetan duen eragina aztertzen du; alde batetik, denbora lineala eta ziklikoa kontuan hartuz, eta bestetik, harreman motak identifikatuz. Honetarako, Barrutia Ikastolako 6. mailako ikasleen artean, joko-jolasen denborak eta harremanek ikasleen emozioetan duten eragina ikertu da. Ikerketaren helburu nagusiena ikasleen artean agertzen diren emozioak identifikatzea izan da, joko-jolasen barne-logika kontuan hartuz, jarduera fisiko ezberdinetan parte-hartzaileetan agertzen diren bizipen emozionalak neurtzeko. Honetarako, emaitza kuantitatiboak (389-ko ikasle lagina) eta kualitatiboak (egunerokoak) aztertu dira. Emozioen intentsitatea eta maiztasuna aztertu dira, emozio positibo eta negatiboak bereiziz. Emozioen eskala erabiliz (Alcaraz-Muñoz et al., 2022), ikasleek bederatzi emozio ezberdin neurtu zituzten joko-jolas bakoitzean. Ateratako emaitzen artean, denbora linealeko joko-jolasetan emozio nagusi negatibo gisa amorrua nagusitzen da. Halaber, memoriadun jardueretan emozioak intentsitate handiagoz bizi direla ikusi da. Oro har, joko-jolasen denbora motak duen eragina emozioetan aztertu ondoren, ezberdintasunak lanean zehar azalduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59630,2023-01-30,"The aim of this End of Degree Project is to carry out an analysis of the situation of women engaged in prostitution in Bilbao, focusing on the violence they suffer, in order to find ways to improve their situation. To this end, the various aspects of the phenomenon of prostitution (sexuality, intersectionality, rules and laws, etc.) have been deepened, and two associations in Bilbao, Askabide and Sister Oblata, have participated through interviews. Both associations are closely aware of the reality of these women and are also a very useful tool for improving their situation. With information both in scientific literature and in collaboration with professionals from associations, an intervention project is proposed to address the situation of violence against women in prostitution, with the aim of raising awareness among women and society, while improving their living conditions.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bidez, Bilbon prostituzioan aritzen diren emakumeen egoerari buruzko azterketa bat egin nahi da, jasaten duten indarkeria ardatz hartuta, haien egoera nola hobetu bilatzeko. Horretarako, prostituzioaren fenomenoa osatzen duten hainbat alderditan sakondu da (sexualitatea, intersekzionalitatea, arauak, etab.), eta, gainera, Bilboko bi elkartek parte hartu dute, Askabide eta Ahizpa Oblatak, elkarrizketen bitartez. Bi elkarteek gertutik ezagutzen dute emakume horien errealitatea, eta, gainera, oso tresna baliagarriak dira emakumeen egoera hobera joan dadin. Literatura zientifikoan nahiz elkarteetako profesionalen laguntzarekin jasotako informazioarekin, prostituzioan aritzen diren emakumeekin aurrera eramateko esku-hartze proiektu bat proposatzen da, emakumeek bizi duten indarkeria-egoera, bai emakumeak eta baita gizartea kontzientziatzea helburu duena, haien bizi egoera hobetzearekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19276,2016-10-14,The following report contains a proposal for the manufacture of grooved joints by WEDM (wire electrical discharge machining). The aim of these unions is to provide a joint to guarantee the operation of gear shift system of a racing motorcycle. The union made by WEDM will be placed on the gear shift system of the motostudent from the engineering school of Bilbao 2016 edition.,"Aurkeztutako hurrengo txostena arteka loturak elektroerosio hari bidez fabrikatzeko proposamen bat dauka. Lotura hauen helburua da lotura bat ekartzea, non lasterketako motozikleta baten aldaketa martxako sistema bermatzen dute. Elektroerosio bidez fabrikatutako ligadura, Bilboko ingeniaritza eskolako 2016ko edizioan, motostudentaren aldaketa martxaren sistemaren gainean jarriko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/40432,2020-02-05,"In this research we analyze the evolution of the daily mean expenditure of tourists in Spain for the period 2004-2014. In the descriptive part of the literature, we summarize the information related to the factors that may have a positive and negative effect on the tourism expenditure. The database from which data have been extracted, “The Survey of the Institute of Tourism Studies of Spain (EGATUR)”, available at the TURESPAÑA website (https://www.tourspain.es/es-es) is also analyzed. This is a survey carried out by ITE-Turespaña from 2004 to 2015, which is also standardized within the European Union Statistical System. In the empirical part, we have defined specific pseudo-panels and propose a multiple linear regression method approach corrected for the possible heteroscedasticity and autocorrelation in the data. Our conclusions support the fact that the average daily expenditure increases year after year, and, in addition, that expenditure may increase or decrease depending on the age of the tourists. However, our analysis indicates that gender is not a statistically significant factor.","Aurrera eraman dugun proiektu honek 2004-2014 urteetan Espainian izandako turisten bataz besteko gastuaren bilakaera aztertu egiten du. Atal deskribatzailean, turisten bataz besteko gastuan positiboki eta negatiboki eragiten dituzten faktoreei buruzko literatura laburtu dugu. Era berean, azterketarako erabili dugun informazioaren iturburua edo datu-basea ”Espainiako Turismo Ikasketen Institutuaren Inkesta (EGATUR)” TURESPAÑA webgunean (https://www.tourspain.es/es-es ) eskurgarri dagoena ere analizatu dugu. ITE-Turespañak 2004tik 2015era egindako inkesta bat da, Europar Batasuneko Estatistika Sistemaren barruan normalizatua dagoena. Zati enpirikoan, pseudo-panel zehatzak definitu ditugu eta erregresio lineal anitzeko metodo bat proposatu dugu, heterozedastizitatea eta autokorrelazio posibleak zuzenduta. Gure ondorioek indartu egiten dute turisten eguneko bataz besteko gastua handitu egiten dela urtero eta gainera, turistaren adinaren arabera gastua handitu edo txikitu egin daitekela. Hala ere, turistaren generoa ez da gure analisian esanguratsua den faktorea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43106,2020-05-08,"Through this work, the hydrodynamic study of a gas ship of L= 360 m length has been developed, applying modifications to the bow and analyzing the resistance to the advance and the behavior in the sea by means of the program of naval architecture and design of ships Maxsurf.A decrease of 2.43% in the resistance to the advance and effective power of the ship with the bow type inverted in front of the ship with bulb has been obtained. An improvement in the behaviour of the ship with the bow inverted has alsobeen observed by carrying out tests with waves of between 4 and 6m in height and a frequency of 0.601 rad/s and 0.999 rad/s.Once the study was completed, the analysis of the respective manufacturing processes at ship scale with different bows was carriedout using the CAM section of the Fusion 360software. It has been observed that the manufacture of the ship with bulb requires the manufacture of specific tools, as well as a greater number of machine stops for tool change. Finally, a three-axis machiningcentre has been used to obtain the scale model (1:1000) in aluminium (quality 5083 H111) of the ship with the new inverted bow design, for which 14 hours of machine time have been spent.","Lan honen bitartez 360 m-kogasa garraiatzen duen ontzi baten ikerketa hidrodinamikoa garatu da,brakan aldaketak eginez eta aurrerapenerako erresistentzia eta itsasoan duen joera aztertu egin da itsas arkitektura eta ontzi diseinurako erabilitako Maxsurf programa erabiliz.Ontziaren aurrerapenaren eta potentzia eraginkorraren erresistentzian %2,43ko beherakada lortu da braka alderantzikatuta duen ontzia bestearekin konparatuz. Braka alderantzikatua duen ontziaren portaera hobetu da,4 eta 6 m arteko altuera duten olatuak eta 0,601 rad / s eta 0,999 rad / s maiztasunaduten olatuekin egin dira ikerketak. Azterketa bukatuta, braka alderantzikatuaduen ontziaren fabrikazio-prozesuen analisia Fusion 360 programaren CAM atalaren bidez egin da. Braka (con bulbo) duen ontzia fabrikatzeko erreminta espezifikoak behar diraeta erreminta aldatzeko makinak geldialdi kopuru handiagoa egin behar ditu. Azkenik, hiru ardatzetako mekanizazio zentroa erabili da,ontziaaluminioz(5083 H111 kalitatea)egin da,ontziaren eskala eredua (1: 1000) lortzeko.Makinak 14 ordu erabilibehar izan ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25573,1995,"Through a study about euthanasia with regard to the enlightened thought and with the history of criminological thought, some problems about the ""social refusal"" that presents the voluntary death are explained. Likewise, the possibles interpretation ways for the comprehension of these questions are pointed out.","Pentsamendu ilustratuari eta pentsamendu kriminologikoaren historiari dagokien Eutanasiaren ikerketaren bidez, heriotza boluntarioak aurkezten duen ""gizarte ukapena""ri buruzko zenbait arazo azaltzen dira, problema hauek ulertzeko ahalezko bideekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72706,2025-02-13,"The aim of the project is the design and sizing of a photovoltaic installation for the university sports center of the EHU in Leioa. Through this project, the aim is to provide the building with a source of generation that allows it to be self-sufficient while remaining connected to the grid, without generating surpluses. The sizing is carried out by analyzing the energy demand of the sports center and the radiation on it. For this, two possible alternatives are examined; in the first one, the panels are installed maintaining parallelism with the facade of the building. In the second, the installation is analyzed at an azimuth angle as favorable as possible (0º), i.e., with the panels completely facing south. To carry out the comparison between the two alternatives, both the PVsyst simulation software has been used in the technical field, as well as an economic study that reflects which of the alternatives is more profitable. After the comparison, it is concluded that the installation to be developed is the first of them, since it has a greater number of panels. As a result, it is able to generate a greater amount of energy, which translates into greater economic savings for the sports center.","Proiektuaren helburua da Leioan aurkitzen de EHUko unibertsitate-kiroldegiaren instalazio fotovoltaiko bat diseinatzea eta dimentsionatzea. Proiektu honen bidez, eraikinari bere burua hornitzeko eta, aldi berean, sarera konektatuta egoteko aukera emango dion sorkuntza-iturri bat eman nahi zaio, soberakinik sortu gabe. Neurriak ezartzeko, kiroldegiko energia-eskaria eta haren gaineko erradiazioa aztertzen dira. Horretarako, bi aukera aztertu dira; lehenengoan, panelak eraikinaren fatxadarekiko paralelotasuna mantenduz instalatzen dira. Bigarrenean; aldiz, azimut angelu ahalik eta aldekoenean (0º) aztertzen da instalazioa, hau da, panelak erabat hegoaldera begira daudela. Bi aukeren arteko konparazioa egiteko, PVsyst simulazio-softwarea erabili da eremu teknikoan, bai eta azterketa ekonomiko bat ere, aukera horietako zein den errentagarriena erakusten duena. Konparazioa egin ondoren, ondorioztatu da garatu beharreko instalazioa lehenengoa dela, panel gehien baititu. Ondorioz, energia gehiago sortzeko gai da, eta, ondorioz, kiroldegiak diru gehiago aurreztuko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14422,2015-02-16,"This project aims to design and implement a prototype of a solar charger for mobile phones of last generation. The prototype consist of a photovoltaic panel, voltage and current regulators, a MPPT, a battery charge control regulator, an auxiliary battery and an USB connection to connect to the device to load. For its realization, we will conduct a preliminary study to obtain knowledge about the functioning of the new technologies in this area, its supply in the market, and will make use of the tools needed to design, implementation and post-tests.","Proiektu honen helburua azken belaunaldiko telefono mugikorrentzako eguzki-kargagailu baten prototipoa diseinatzea eta eraikitzea da. Prototipoa eguzki panel bat, tentsio eta korronte erregulatzaileak, MPPT bat, bateriaren kargaz arduratzen kontroladorea, bigarren mailako bateria eta telefonoa konektatu ahal izateko USB konexioa osatuko dute. Prototipoaren garapenerako, arlo honetako teknologia berrien aurre ikerketa lan bat garatuko da, merkatuak eskaintzen diren produktuak aztertuko dira, eta diseinatzeko beharrezko tresnak, ezarpena eta post-probak erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20865,2017-03-06,"The final degree thesis presented beneath aims to show the usefulness of linear programming, highlighting the improved model of the Simplex method used to solve transportation problems. In order to do so, the theoretical framework of linear programming will be first discussed, as well as the fundamentals and the methodology to be used when solving problems manually. Later on, right after the above-mentioned discussion, an analysis of the different software available today in order to solve issues regarding transportation will be conducted. Therefore, the assignment will point out the existence of effective methods to optimize the resources available in the company and will show how those tools can help achieve that optimal situation.","Aurkezten dugun Gradu Amaierako Lan honek programazio linealaren erabilgarritasuna erakustea du helburu. Hain zuzen ere, Sinplex metodoaren eredu hobetua nabarmendu nahi dugu, garraio-arazoak ebazteko balio baitu. Lehenik, programazio linealari buruzko marko teorikoa aurkeztuko dugu, baita problemak eskuz ebazteko oinarriak eta erabili beharreko metodologia ere. Ondoren, gaur egun eskura ditugun zenbait programa informatiko aztertuko ditugu; izan ere, garraioarekin lotutako problemak ebazteko aukera ematen dute. Lanak honako hau erakustea du helburu: oso metodo eraginkorrak daudela enpresako baliabideak optimizatzeko, eta tresna horiek egoera ezin hobe hori lortzeko lagungarriak izan daitezkeela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47021,2020-10-19,"Ingelesa: The scoreboards used in most frontons are electronic. The reasons for using this type of markers are the simple control and clarity with which you see the numbers. However, these types of markers have a clear drawback, the price. The price is around 2,000 €. Through this project, a cheaper way of making the electronic scoreboards will be sought.","Euskera: Frontoietan erabiltzen diren markagailu gehienak elektronikoak dira. Markagailu mota hau erabiltzearen arrazoiak, hauen kontrol erraza eta zenbakiak ondo ikusteagatik da. Hala ere, markagailu mota honek desabantaila nabarmena dauka, markagailuaren prezio. Hauen prezioa 2000€-koa da batez beste. Proiektu honen bitartez, markagailu merkeagoak egiteko modu bat bilatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50178,2021-02-12,"Neuroeducation studies the relationship between neuroscience and education; in other words, it studies the basics of proper learning considering the stages of brain development. In this process, special attention is paid to creativity. Creativity is a personality trait that everyone has and can developed, it is linked to entrepreneurship and problem solving. This work examines the development of creativity in education. The main objective of this work is to study the presence and evolution of creativity in the Primary Education. For this reason, 180 students aged 6 to 12 completed the CREA questionnaire. After the analysis of the data and the results obtained, a functional proposal has been developed in the form of a triptych for primary education teachers. The aim of the triptych is to highlight the importance of creativity in school and to propose techniques and resources to train it.","Neurohezkuntzak neurozientziaren eta hezkuntzaren erlazioak aztertzen ditu; hots, burmuinaren garapen faseak kontuan izanda, ikaskuntza egoki baten oinarriak aztertzen ditu. Prozesu horretan, arreta berezia eskaintzen zaio sormenari. Sormena nortasunaren ezaugarri bat da, gizaki guztiok daukaguna eta garatu ahal dena, ekintzailetzarekin eta arazoen konponbideekin lotuta dago. Lan honetan sormenak hezkuntzan duen garapena aztertu da. Lan honen helburu nagusia da Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan sormenak duen presentzia eta eboluzioa aztertzea. Horretarako, 6 eta 12 urte bitarteko 180 ikaslek CREA galdetegia bete dute. Datuak aztertuta eta emaitzetatik eratorritako ondorioetatik abiatuz, Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleentzako baliagarria den proposamen bat egin da triptiko itxuran. Triptikoaren helburua da sormenak eskolan duen garrantziaz ohartaraztea eta garatzeko eta entrenatzeko teknikak eta baliabideak proposatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70297,2024-06-07,"This project highlights the importance of integrating gender perspective in the interpretation and application of Law, especially in the field of labor law, providing interpretive criteria to achieve its inclusion. Not only is a regulatory framework that encompasses the gender perspective needed, but also professionals who have the capacity to prosecute according to its parameters. From this premise, we seek to adapt the interpretations of the norms to the social context, taking into account that a multitude of factors are intertwined and prevent equality and favor discrimination against women, creating obstacles to achieving equal status regarding men.","Lan honek zuzenbidea interpretatzean eta aplikatzean genero-ikuspegia txertatzearen garrantzia frogatzen du, batez ere lanaren eta gizarte-segurantzaren zuzenbidearen eremuan, eta interpretazio-irizpideak emanez. Beharrezkoa da, alde batetik, generoperspektiba hartzen duen araudi bat, eta, bestetik, araudi horren arabera epaitzeko gaitasuna duten profesionalak existitzea. Premisa horretatik abiatuta, interpretazioak gizarte-testuingurura egokitu behar dira, kontuan hartuta testuinguru horretan berdintasuna eragozten duten eta emakumeen diskriminazioari mesede egiten dioten alderdi ugari elkartzen direla, gizonekiko estatus paritarioa lortzeko oztopoak sortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14059,2015-01-19,"The project described below consists of the creation of a community garden. The project is based on food sovereignty, community development and sustainability. It is intended to the participants to acquire training and critical awareness about the modes of production and agricultural consumption. To stimulate involvement we will use group dynamics, talks, projections, discussions, excursions, etc. Not to mention us in any moment of manual work and all necessary actions for the creation of the own garden.","Aurrean aurkeztutako proiektua, hiri ortu komunitario bat sortzean datza. Proiektu hau, elikadura subiranotasun, komunitatearen garapen eta iraunkortasunaren irizpideatan oinarritzen da. Parte-hartzaileek gaur egungo produkzio eta kontsumo moduen inguruko prestakuntza eta kontzientzia kritikoa lortzea dauka helburu. Hau lortzeko, talde dinamikak, hitzaldiak, proiekzioak, bisita gidatuak, eztabaidak , eta abar landuko dira parte-hartzaileen inplikazioa lortzeko. Hau guztia, eskulan eta ortua sortzeko beharrezkoak diren ekintzak inoiz ahaztu gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16259,2015-11-30,"This project intends to become an useful tool for Guascor I+D, a Spanish company dedicated to the design and production of cogeneration engines, by elaborating an organizational improvement proposal that will provide a stimulus for its growth in a near future. It is focused on the optimal use of resources and the avoidance of planning errors that could lead to a delay in the established delivery dates. The technical approach is based on the Project Planning Maturity Model developed by its author Harold Kerzner, which highlights the deficient processes that must be modified. The effectiveness of this proposal is to be analyzed throughout this paper and will be corroborated by its subsequent application in the company.","Proiektu honen helburua Guascor I+Drentzako tresna baliagarria bihurtzea da, kogenerazio motorren diseinu eta ekoizpenaz arduratzen den enpresa espainiarra, etorkizunerako garapen estimulua emango duen antolaketa hobekuntza proposamen baten bitartez. Baliabideen erabilera optimoan oinarritzen da, baita ezarritako entrega-epeak betetzean ere. Ikuspegi teknikoa Harold Kerzneren Proiektuen Kudeaketaren Heldutasun Ereduan oinarritzen da, aldatu beharreko prozesu eskasak identifikatzen dituenak. Proposamen honen eraginkortasuna dokumentuan bertan aztertzen da eta enpresan ezarritako momentuan berretsiko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70183,2024-06-10,"Technological progress has brought us to a point where classic shipping roles, such as the captain, are dispensable. These radical changes in classical shipping have a series of effects on the contract of carriage by sea, its parties, and the accountability of the subjects. Can this be the end of shipping as we know it? Can autonomous vessels be the subject of rights and obligations? Have the political powers done anything to regulate these new figures? Subjects such as the shipowner, and the carrier are greatly affected by these automated vessels. At the same time, there is the emergence of particular accountability, such as the delay of the autonomous vessel. In short, how do we deal with this new world? These are all fundamental questions that will be answered in the following pages.","Aurrerapen teknologikoak nabigazioaren partaide klasikoak, kapitaina esaterako, baztergarriak izatera eraman gaitu. Nabigazio klasikoko aldaketa erradikal horiek hainbat ondorio dituzte itsas garraioko kontratuan, haren partaidetan eta hauen erantzukizunean. Ezagutzen dugun nabigazioaren amaiera izan daiteke? Ontzi autonomoek eskubideak eta betebeharrak izan ditzakete? Botere politikoek zerbait egin dute ontzi berri horiek arautzeko? Armadorea, ontzi-jabea eta garraiatzailea bezalako subjektuek eragin handia dute ontzi automatizatu horietan. Era berean, erantzukizun partikularrak sortzen dira, hala nola ontzi autonomoaren atzerapena. Azken finean, nola egiten diogu aurre mundu berri horri? Horiek guztiak funtsezko kontuak dira, eta ondorengo orrietan erantzungo dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23412,2017-11-10,"Resumen en inglés (Abstract): Cardiac arrest is one of the primary causes of depth in developed countries. The survival of the patients that suffers a cardiac arrest is related to different factors. The most important is the early start of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation maneuver (CPR), which combines chest compressions (CC) and ventilations to generate a minimal flux of oxygenated blood to the heart and brain. The current recommendations of resuscitation guidelines about CC are focus on frequency, depth and chest release between compressions. However, recently have been proposed novel CC quality parameters, such as Release Velocity (RV), that is defined as the maximum velocity of the chest during the decompression phase. The capacity of the RV as a quality parameter of the CPR independent of the classic parameters has not been conveniently demonstrated. However, the proposal of novel quality metrics opens an interesting avenue of investigation. The aim of this work is to design automatic tools to extract parameters and metrics from CC administrated on a resuscitation mannequin, and to study the relation between the novel parameters and more classic quality parameters, as well as to compare the obtained results with the obtained parameters while applying CC in real scenarios.","Resumen en euskera (Laburpena): Herrialde garatuetan, hiltze-zergati nagusietakoa da bat-bateko bihotz-geldiketa. Horrelako geldiketa sufritzen duten pazienteen biziraupena zenbait faktorerekin erlazionatuta dago, bihotz-biriketako berpizte (BBB) goiztiarra garrantzitsuena izanik. BBBa bularreko sakada eta aireztapenetan oinarritzen da eta, horrek, bihotz eta garunean odol oxigenatuaren fluxu minimoa bermatzen du. Bularreko sakaden inguruko nazioarteko berpizte-giden gomendioak maiztasunean, sakontasunean eta sakaden arteko bularraren lasaitze betean oinarritzen dira. Hala ere, oraindik orain kalitate parametro berriak proposatu dira, Release Velocity (RV) adibidez, deskonpresio faseko bularraren abiadura maximoa delarik. RV-ren ahalmena BBB-ren kalitate-parametro gisa (beste parametrorekiko independentea izanik) ez da oraindik era egokian frogatu. Hala eta guztiz ere, kalitate-neurkera berriek ikerketa bide interesgarri bat zabaldu dute. Lan honen helburua, berpizte-maniki bati emandako bularreko sakadetatik parametro eta neurketak lortzeko erraminta automatikoak diseinatzea, eta parametro berri hauen eta parametro klasikoen arteko erlazioa aztertzea da. Azkenik eta aurrekoarekin lotuta, lortutako emaitzak errealitatean emandako bularreko sakadetatik ateratako parametroekin konparatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20883,2017-03-08,"Due to the continual use of conventional sources of energy, an environmental degradation is taking place. In order to avoid a further deterioration and minimize the environmental impact, clean energies are being implemented in tourist establishments. A rural house in the municipality of Gautegiz Arteaga (Bizkaia) could be held up as a model. Its main goal is to make energy self-sufficient, reducing to the slightest figure its dependence to electrical network. To achieve this aim, analysis and feasibility of some of renewable energy will be performed.","Energi iturri konbentzionaleko jarraitutako erabileragatik, ikatza eta petrolioa adibidez, ingurunea hondatzen ari da. Horregatik, ingurumen inpaktua gutxiesteko, establezimendu turistikoko erabilerarako energia garbi eta berriztagarriko ezarpena aukeratu da. Establezimendu mota honen adibidea bat Gautegiz Arteagan kokatuta dagoena da, zeinen helburu nagusia autosufizientea izatea den, hau da, sare elektrikoarekiko bere mendekotasuna minimoa izan dadila. Helburu honek lortzeko energia berriztagarri batzuen analisia eta eraginkortasun energetikoaren bideragarritasuna burutuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36707,2019-12-04,"INGLES The air pollution has been increasing uncontrollably for many years. Undoubtedly sea transport has responsibility in this matter. Hopefully, the International Maritime Organization works (IMO) on the problem to moderate it. So, on the below thesis, is cited the regulation that establish this Organization about the limits of the ships’ emissions which will must be allowed. It´s not easy to develop a solution because there are a lot of variables. This thesis shows the changes that they have to make on ships from operational-level, to about design and the equipment of new ships. And also, the collaboration and adjustments from the ports.","EUSKERA Munduko kutsadura atmosferikoa handitzen hari da urtero kontrolik gabe. Zalantzarik gabe itsas garraioa erantzukizuna du kontu honetan. Zorionez, Itsasoaren Nazioarteko Erakundea lan egiten hari du arazo honetan ahal den neurrian moderatzeko. Beraz, aipatzen dira erakunde honen igorpenei buruzko arauak. Ez da erresa konponbidea ematea, aldagarri asko parte hartzen dutelako. Lan honetan ikus dezakegu zein aldaketak egin behar diren itsasontzien ekipamenduan, diseinuan, eta portuen kolaborazioan eta haien moldaketan batez ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69479,2024-07,"The interactive groups are being implemented in more and more schools, and given its success, this paper analyses whether interactive groups are an effective resource for working in the field of mathematics. Geared towards that, the focus has been on inclusion, evaluation, the benefits obtained with regard to the usual sessions and challenges or disadvantages. For this purpose, questionnaires were given to pupils in the fifth and sixth years of primary school and interviews were conducted with pupils and teachers. It is therefore concluded that interactive groups are an excellent opportunity to reduce inequalities and ensure quality education.","Talde elkarreragileetan lan egiteko modua geroz eta ikastetxe gehiagotan ezartzen ari da eta honek duen arrakasta ikusita, talde elkarreragileak matematikako arloa lantzeko baliabide eraginkorra diren ala ez aztertzen du lan honek. Horretarako, inklusioan, ebaluazioan, ohiko saioekin alderatuta lortzen diren onuretan eta erronka edo desabantailetan jarri da fokua. Hau egiteko, Lehen Hezkuntzako bost eta seigarren mailako ikasleei galdetegiak pasa zaizkie eta ikasle zein irakasleekin elkarrizketak egin dira. Bertatik, desberdintasunak murrizteko eta kalitatezko ezkuntza bat bermatzeko talde elkarreragileak aukera paregabea direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24315,2014,"The following article explains the regulating of the criminal liability of legal persons in Denmark and Holland. It treats the material and personal area of the application of criminal responsibility, imputation criteria, the sanctions and procedural aspects of execution.","Hurrengo lanean Dinamarka eta Holandako estatuetako pertsona juridikoen erantzukizun penala azaltzen da. Artikuluak, bi estatu hauetako erantzukizunaren aplikazio materiala eta pertsonalaren eremua, egozpen irizpideak, kasu bakoitzari dagozkion zigorrak eta alderdi prozesala barneratzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28284,2013,"The main aim of this paper is to assess the paleopalynological register available for the Roman period in the present territory of the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country and the Chartered Community of Navarre. While pollen analyses for this period have increased significantly in recent years, there are still important gaps. It aims not only to make a synthesis, but also seeks to refute certain traditional theories as the supposed introduction of the chestnut and walnut in the territory by Romans.","Artikulu honen helburu nagusia erromatar garaiko erregistro paleopalinologikoaren balioespena da gaurko Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan eta Nafarroako Foru Erkidegoan. Azken urteetan aldi honetarako analisi polinikoak nabarmen handitu arren, oraindik gabezia garrantzitsuak daude. Helburua ez da soilik aipaturiko analisien egoera aztertzea, baizik eta gainera, erromatarrek lurralde honetan gaztaina eta intxaurrondoaren ustezko sarrera ezeztatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25411,1999,"In the penal procedure, to seek the real truth during the phase of investigation is the responsability of the Examining Magistrate, the Public Prosecutor, Judicial Police, the accuser parts ant the accused. Nothing is proved until the oral judgement, and the police reports, the same as the police data investigation that it includes, only have a reporting value. However, in these reports it can be finded some data with different significance, because Judicial Police fulfils some functions that have a very special importance when affect the penal process.","Delituengatiko zigor prozeduran Instrukziozko Epaileari, Fiskalari, Polizia Judizialari, alderdi salatzaileei eta akusatuari berari dagokie, ikerketaren fasean, egi material edo erreala bilatzea. Ahozko judiziora dena heltzen da frogatu gabe eta hala poliziaren atestatuak nola poliziaren ikerketaren datuak, hasieran behintzat, salaketaren balioa baino ez dute. Dena dela, atestatu horietan adierazpen ezberdinak dituzten diligentziak aurki daitezke eta hori horrela da Polizia Judizialaren funtzioak zigor prozesuan eragina dutenean berariazko garrantzia dutelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50174,2021-02-12,"The main objective of this work is to combine teaching, creation and literature. In this work it is proposed to use as an educational resource the stories created by teachers. On the one hand, literary creation exercises have been carried out to analyse the development of creative capacity in the educational field. On the other hand, the process of creating a story has been documented. Finally, a classroom intervention has been designed using the story created above as a resource. From this process it has been deducted that creative capacity is a resource that can be worked on. And that it is a good option to use the stories created by the teachers in teaching.","Lan honen helburu nagusia da irakaskuntza, sorkuntza eta literatura uztartzea . Lanean proposatzen da irakasleak sortutako ipuinak baliabide gisa erabiltzea. Batetik, literatur sorkuntza ariketak burutu dira irakaskuntzaren arloan sorkuntzak duen gaitasunaren garapena aztertzeko. Bestetik, ipuin baten sorkuntza prozesua dokumentatu da. Azkenik, esku hartze bat diseinatu da aurrez sortutako ipuina baliabide gisa erabiliz. Prozesu honetatik ondorioztatu da sorkuntza gaitasuna landu daitekeen baliabidea dela eta aukera egokia dela irakasleak berak sortutako ipuinak irakaskuntzan erabiltzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20467,2007,"Basque literature from past centuries has had few opportunities of dealing with the process which books undergo at the printers and fewer still of looking into the versions taken to printers by writers and the corrections made to them afterwards. In the case of classical works from Basque literature and of these, in general, those which were practically lost in the time abysm of the XVI and XVII centuries, we can, as a rule, speak of little more than copies already printed. Unfortunately, on more occasions than one would wish, such testimony is limited to mere reference by somebody or, in the best of events, to reference in an odd copy from the edition. And in this respect, there would appear to be little difference between great and lesser authors because apparently the work of most of our classics was futile. Nevertheless, in this article, I wished to use the work provided by the main author of Basque literature to demonstrate that it is possible to make precious discoveries in the books we have hidden away and, making use of the occasion, to speak about the process prior to printing and other matters. In fact, of the mere dozen copies known to us of the first edition of Axular’s Gero, there is one not particularly valued copy, belonging to Julio de Urquijo, which contains many interesting things which fail to appear in the other copies. The booklet “M” is one of the most remarkable and important of these.","Aurreko mendeetako Euskal Literaturak aukera gutxi izan du liburuak irarkolan ezagutu ohi duen prozesuaz mintzatzeko; eta are gutxiago, idazleek bertara eramandako bertsioen eta ondoko zuzenketen berri emateko. Euskal Literaturako obra klasikoak oro har, eta, honen barnean, XVI-XVII. mendeetako denbora-leizean erdi galduak ditugunak batik bat, inprimatutako aleen bidez baino ezin mintza daitezke eskuarki. Lekukotasun hori, tamalez, inoren erreferentzia hutsera edo, hoberenean, edizioaren ale bakan batenera mugatu ohi da nahi baino gehiagotan. Eta honetan ez da desberdintasunik autore handien eta autore txikien obren artean, arlo horretan, nonbait, gure klasiko gehienak suertatu baitira idor. Guztiarekin ere, artikulu honek Euskal Literaturak eman duen idazle funtsezkoenaren obraz baliatu nahi izan du bazterturik ditugun liburuetan inoiz aurkikuntza bitxirik ere gerta daitekeela erakusteko eta, bidenabar, inprimatu aurrekoez eta bestelakoez ere hitz egiteko. Izatez, Axularrek idatzitako Gero liburuaren lehen ediziotik iritsi zaizkigun dozena eskas aleren artean, bada bat, Julio Urkixok gordea nahiz eta ez bereziki onetsia, non, besteak beste, gainerakoetan azaltzen ez diren hainbat gauza interesgarri agertzen baitira. “M” plegua edo koadernotxoa da horietako nabarmenena eta garrantzitsuena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71407,2024-06-27,"The objective of this work is to analyze the right to education and the possible situation of lack of protection due to the lack of schooling of the minors of the community called The Twelve Tribes. To achieve this, will be investigated the legal aspects related to the right to education, at international, national and autonomic level. In addition, the current conditions of these minors in terms of their access to education will be evaluated and the social and legal implications of their situation will be considered.","Lan honen helburua Hamabi Tribuak izeneko komunitateko adingabeen hezkuntza-eskubidea eta ez eskolatzearen aurrean, gerta daitekeen babesgabezia egoeraren azterketa egitea da. Horretarako, hezkuntzarako eskubidearekin lotutako Nazioarteko, Estatuko naiz Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko araudia eta jurisprudentzia aztertuko dira. Gainera, adingabe horien egungo baldintzak ebaluatuko dira hezkuntza-sarbideari dagokionez, eta haien egoeraren inplikazio sozial eta juridikoak kontuan hartuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54088,2021-11-25,"In the development of this paper, the importance of promoting the teaching of foreign languages in Early Childhood Education and the new and effective methodologies and strategies that can be used at this stage will be discussed and investigated. The teaching of the English language, taking into account the Linguistically and Culturally Responsive Teaching methodology, is intended to be culturally responsive, due to the Translanguaging methodology related to it, children can build bridges with their mother language and all this will be prosecuted by using the Total Physical Respone Storytelling methodology. In order to achieve this objective, it will take the form of a practical intervention in which four different culturally responsive stories will be proposed, which will be told by using different pictograms and dramatized through body language. Promoting the inclusion of all students and working with English in a natural way for children, encouraging comprehension and speanking.","Lan honetan zehar, atzerriko hizkuntzaren irakaskuntza Haur Hezkuntzan sustatzearen garrantziari buruz eta etapa honetan erabili daitezken metodologia eta estrategia berri eta eraginkorrei buruz hitz egin eta ikertuko da. Ingelesaren ikaskuntza-irakaskuntza, Linguistically and Culturally Responsive Teaching metodologia kontuan hartuz, kulturalki harkorra izatea lortu nahi da, honekin lotura duen Translanguaging metodologiari esker haurrek bere ama hizkuntzarekin zubiak eraikitzea sustatuz eta hau guztia Total Physical Respone Storytelling metodologia erabiliz aurrera eramatea lortu nahi da. Helburu hau aurrera eraman ahal izateko, esku-hartze praktiko baten bidez islatuko da, non kulturalki harkorrak diren lau ipuin ezberdin proposatuko dira, hauek piktograma ezberdinen bidez kontatuko dira eta gorputz-hizkuntzaren bidez dramatizatuko dira. Modu horretan, ikasle guztien inklusioa sustatuz eta ingelesa haurrentzako naturala den modu batean landuz, haurraren ulermena eta ahozkotasuna suspertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28327,2014,"From archaeology it is possible to access the material context of what happened in an objective manner. However, many readings about social groups of the past do not respect this principle. On the one hand, postmodernist approaches suppose a catastrophe, when defending that everything is a question of perceptions and aesthetics. In the same way, “dangerous friendships” between some proposals and neoliberalism, reclaiming a supposed equality, snatched scientific force for to known reality of women and men of the past and the present. In addition, from relativists, essentialists and universalist positions, social subjects are exposed to almost inevitable destinations, naturalizing the statu quo. In this moment, when the academic world seems to become increasingly conservative and static, we think that a materialist and feminist position in historical research is required. We are betting on Archaeology as social science, compromised with the improvement of the living conditions of women and men. Opposite to idealisms and mythologizations, and in front to prevailing androcentrism, we believe that is possible not engender convenient manipulations of the past.","Arkeologiaren bidez, gertatu zenaren testuinguru materiala era objektiboan lortu dezakegu. Hala ere, iraganaren giza taldeen irakurketa asko ez dira printzipio honetara egokitzen. Alde batetik, proposamen posmodernistak ekarritako hondamena, dena hautemateen eta estetikaren kontua dela ustera eraman gaitu. Era berean, neoliberalismoarekin “adiskidetasun arriskutsuetan” korapilatu diren proposamenak, ustezko berdintasunaren bilaketaren lemaren azpian, iraganeko eta orainaldiko gizon-emakumeen errealitatea ezagutzeko indar zientifikoa kendu dute. Gainera, aurrekontu erlatibista, esentzialista eta unibertsalistak, gizakiak ia halabeharrezko patuetara doazela erakusten dute, statuquo-a naturalizatzen. Egungo bezalako une batean, badirudi mundu akademikoak mugiezin eta kontserbadore bilakatu dela eta horregatik, ikerketa historikoan jarrera materialista eta feminista beharrezkoa dela uste dugu. Gizon-emakumeen bizi-baldintzak hobetzen dituen Arkeologia baten alde apustu egiten dugu, giza zientzia konprometitua delarik. Idealismoen eta mitifikazioen kontra eta androzentrismo nagusiaren aurrean, iraganaren manipulazio komenigarriak ez sortzea posible dela uste dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16300,2015-12-02,"There are a large number of methods for calculation of fatigue in parts under multiaxial stress states. Each method has an optimum field of application: for ductile materials, brittle materials, with and without mean stress, etc. This work end-of-degree intends to study the precision that provide different methods of global approach (non-critical plane) and compare their results in order to decide which are the most suitable for the more frequent load cases in the automobiles´ shafts.","Tentsio multiaxialeko egoerak jasaten duten neke kalkuluak egiteko metodo asko daude. Metodo bakoitzak bere alor ezin hobea dauka: material harikorrak, material hauskorrak, batezbesteko tenstsioak duten eta ez duten egoerak, etab. Gradu-Amaiera Lan honen helburua ikuspegi globaleko metodoek (ez plano kritikokoak) duten zehaztasuna ikastea da eta ematen duten emaitzak konparatzea, autoen transmisio ardatzek jasaten duten karga-egoera ohizkoenak ikasteko zein den metodo egokiena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36580,2019-11-27,"After the signing of the Kyoto Protocol and the subsequent Paris Agreement, it was agreed to pursue the decarbonisation of transport to mitigate the negative effects that the emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases have on the planet. Of all the CO2 emissions from fossil fuel consumption worldwide, 24.9% of these originated in transportation in 2016, being the second most polluting sector after the manufacturing industry with a representation of 36.5% (1). To achieve this goal, the European Union has aimed at electric vehicles as the answer to this great problem, since these do not generate direct emissions of CO2. Leaving aside the environmental aspect of the electric vehicle, this work will focus on the economic consequences that this change of transport model would have on the European economy. The automotive industry is of vital importance for the economy of our continent, and this would undergo major changes. The sector provides work to around 12 million people and accounts for 4% of the gross domestic product of the European Union. In addition to this, it represents the largest private investor in research and development in the continent (2). Major changes that will radically transform the automotive sector will affect the industry in the coming years. The mining industry will gain much greater prominence due to the great increase in the demand of minerals such as lithium, copper or platinum, indispensable for the manufacture of batteries, electrical circuits and fuel cells respectively. On the other hand, the demand for electric batteries, a sector in which China is a world leader with that of electric motors, would increase exponentially. In addition to this, the mechanical aspect of the car loses great relevance in it, greatly simplifying its design and opening the doors of this market to new companies with great financial muscle and knowledge of electricity and electronics. This new paradigm faced by one of the most economically relevant industries would have consequences in most sectors due to its multiplying effect on suppliers (materials processing industries) and derivative industries (repairs, mobility services or information and communication technologies).","Kyoto protokoloaren sinaduraren eta Pariseko hitzarmenaren ondoren, garraioaren deskarbonizazioa jarraitzea adostu zen CO2-ak eta berotegi efektua eragiten duten bestelako gasen emisioek planetan eragiten dituzten efektu negatiboak gutxitzeko asmoarekin. Mundu osoan erregai fosilen kontsumoa isurtzen duen CO2 guztiarengandik, % 24,9k garraioan sortu zen 2016an, bigarren sektore kutsatzaileena izanda manufaktura industriaren atzetik (% 36,5) (1). Ezarritako helburua lortzeko, Europar Batasunak ibilgailu elektrikoak sustatu ditu arazo honi erantzuteko asmoz; izan ere, hauek ez dute CO2 gasa zuzenean igortzen. Ibilgailu elektrikoak ingurumenean duen eragina alde batera utzita, ibilgailu motaren aldaketak ekonomia europearrean izango duen ondorio ekonomikoak aztertzea izango da lan honen helburua. Automobilgintza industria oso garrantzitsua da gure kontinenteren ekonomiarentzat eta aldaketa handiak jasango lituzke; hain zuzen ere, sektoreak 12 milioi lanpostu inguru eskaintzen ditu eta Europar Batasunearen Barne Produktu Gordinaren %4 suposatzen du. Gainera, Europa mailan ikerketarako eta garapenerako inbertsio pribatu handiena egiten da sektore honetan (2). Aldaketa handiek zeharo moldatuko dute automobilgintza hurrengo urteetan eta meatzaritzak garrantzi handiago izango du litioa, kuprea edo nikela bezalako mineralen eskaria nabarmenki handituko delako. Kontuan izan beharreko gaia da, mineral hauek ezinbestekoak direla bateriak, zirkuitu elektrikoak edo erregai-pilak ekoizteko. Bestalde, bateria elektrikoen sektoreak, zeinetan eta motore elektrikoen sektorean ere Txina munduko liderra den, esponentzialki egingo luke gora. Era berean, atomobilaren itxura mekanikoak garrantzia galduko luke, diseinua sinplifikatuz eta elektrizitatean zein elektronikan adituak diren eta ahalmen finantzarioa duten enpresei merkatu aukera berriak izango lituzkete. Paradigma berri honi aurre egin behar dion garrantzi handiko industria honek, aldaketak eragingo ditu gainontzeko sektore gehienetan hornitzaileengan (material eraldatzaile industriak) eta industria deribatuengan (konponketak, mugikortasun zerbitzuak edo informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologiak) daukan efektu biderkatzailea dela eta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53550,,"Immigration is a current reality in the Basque Country. As we live in a globalized world, people from different countries come together and this phenomenon has logically reached the education system. This final degree work describes the data provided by the National Institute of Statistics, compares the data on the immigrant population with those of the national population, and analyses the data on immigration, analysing the Navarre education system. As well, in the practical part of this work, qualitative analyses in the two public centres of the Txantrea district of Pamplona were carried out through personal interviews between experts in the field and people who are familiar with the educational field. After listening to the speeches of the expert people, the information and the reality of immigration and diversity in the two schools of the Txantrea district were analysed. Consequently, the general situation in the region of Pamplona and Navarre was analysed, focusing on aspects related to the motivation, attitude towards immigration and projects of the people interviewed. Finally, has been designed the Elkar Ezagutuz project, aimed at the García Galdeano and Bernart Etxepare centres, and with it the opinions and points of view of experts on the project.","Immigrazioa gaur egungo errealitate bat da Euskal Herrian. Mundu globalizatu batean bizi garenez, herrialde ezberdinetako jendea elkartzen da eta fenomeno hau logikoa denez, hezkuntza sistemara iritsi da. Gradu amaierako lan honetan, Estatistikako Institutu Nazionalak emandako datuak deskribatu dira, herritar etorkinen datuak herritar nazionalen datuekin alderatu dira eta immigrazio-datuak aztertu dira, Nafarroako Hezkuntza Sistema aztertuz. Halaber, lan honen atal praktikoan Iruñeko Txantrea auzoko bi ikastetxe publikoetan azterketa kualitatiboak elkarrizketa pertsonalen bidez egin dira gaian adituak diren pertsonen artean eta hezkuntza-esparrua ondo ezagutzen duten pertsonen artean. Adituen diskurtsoak entzunda, Txantrea auzoko bi ikastetxeetan immigrazioa eta aniztasunari dagokionez bizi den errealitatea eta informazioa aztertu da eta ondorioz, Iruñerriko eta Nafarroako egoera orokorra zein den analizatu da, elkarrizketatuen motibazioari, jarrerari eta egitasmoei loturiko alderdietan sakonduz. Amaitzeko, Garcia Galdeano eta Bernart Etxepare ikastetxeei zuzendutako Elkar Ezagutuz proiektua diseinatu eta aurkeztu da eta horrekin batera proiektuaren inguruko adituen iritziak eta ikuspuntuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20944,2017-03-14,"The aim of this work is to deal with interculturality in order to have an inclusive school. In order to do it, we have based our research on Tagalo language and different songs and games have been gathered to work on them at schools. First of all, the development of language inclusion has been explained. Secondly, regarding methodology, to build up the last resullts, steps carried out in the web are shown.To carry on, in the development of this work, didactic proposals have been made. Last but not least, the results and the conclusion drawn from them are exposed; the goal is to create a school where inteculturality is guaranteed.","Lan honen helburua gaur egungo eskoletan inklusioaren bidean kulturartekotasuna lantzea da. Horretarako Tagalo hizkuntzan oinarritu eta honetan agertzen diren abesti, jolas eta hainbat material desberdin batu dira, ondoren eskolan lantzeko proposamen bat eginez. Lehenengo atalean, historian inklusiora heltzeko eman den ibilbidea azaltzen da. Bigarren atalean, metodologian, azken emaitza sortzeko, web orria, eman diren pausuak agertzen dira. Ondoren, lanaren garapenean, proposamen didaktikoak egin dira eta azkenik, emaitza zein izan den eta hauen ondorioak ikuskarazten dira, honen helburua kulturartekotasuna bermatuko duen eskola lantzea dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19861,2016-12-14,"Strong odors generated in the wastewater treatment plants are a problem of social unrest, so they need to be treated. The conversion of a washing system of a chemical gas in a biofilter, a biological system that would reduce costs and improve the efficiency of the process of the purification of the gas, is presented. The transformation will greatly reduce the environmental impact by eliminating chemical reagents and by changing them for microorganisms as a means of decontamination. The biofilter will consist of three levels arranged in series and made of PVC, resistant to corrosion that could be generated by the gas flow.","Hondakin-uren tratamendu instalazioetan sortzen diren kiratsek, gizartearen ondoez arazo larria eragiten dute, horregatik hauen ondorioak txikitzeko ezinbestekoa da gas hauei tratamendu bat ezartzea. Lan honetan bio-iragazki baten bidezko gasen garbiketa kimikoan oinarritutako sistemaren konbertsioa, kosteen murrizketa lortzeko eta gas arazketaren eraginkortasuna hobetzen duen sistema biologiko bat aurkezte da. Aldaketa honek gainera ingurumenean eragiten den inpaktua neurri handi batean murriztuko du, izan ere erreaktibo kimikoen ezabapena eta mikroorganismoen erabilera suposatzen du, kutsadura murrizteko baliabide bezala. Bio-iragazkia segidan jarritako eta hiru mailek osatuko dute. PVC materiala landuz sortuko dira, izan ere gas fluxuak sor dezakeen korrosioaren aurrean iraunkorra da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62977,2023-06-27,"Roma arrived to the Iberian Peninsula in the year 1425 and until 1499 they moved freely through these territories through the protection of Insurance Letters granted by the different kings. However, from 1499 onwards, a very severe persecution policy began against them, which went from forced settlement to attempted extermination. In the 19th and 20th centuries, discrimination against this group was based on laws that tried to eradicate vagrancy and on the different Royal Orders that inserted the presumption of guilt of the Roma. In addition, currently there are also certain laws that have a direct impact on the Gypsy community: the Spanish Constitution of 1978, the Law of Equal Treatment and Non-Discrimination and the Civil Code with regard to Romani marriages. Consequently, the legal status that the Gypsies have had throughout history has a direct impact on today's society.","Ijitoak 1425ean iritsi ziren Iberiar Penintsulara, eta 1499ra arte askatasunez ibili ziren lurralde horietan, erregeerreginek emandako Aseguru Kartak babestuz. Hala ere, 1499. urtetik aurrera, hauen aurkako jazarpen-politika oso zorrotza hasi zen, derrigorrezko finkapenetik sarraski-saiorainokoa. XIX. eta XX. mendeetan, talde horrekiko diskriminazioa alferkeria desagerrarazten saiatzen ziren legeetan eta ijitoen erruduntasun-presuntzioa txertatu zuten Errege Aginduetan oinarritu zen. Gainera, gaur egun badira ijito-komunitatean zuzenean eragiten duten lege batzuk: 1978ko Espainiako Konstituzioa, tratuberdintasunaren eta diskriminaziorik ezaren Legea eta Kode Zibila ijito-ezkontzari dagokionez. Ondorioz, ijitoek historian zehar izan duten egoera juridikoak zuzeneko eragina du egungo gizartean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26219,1994-12,"The evolution of the right of asylum in France is analysed pointing out that, although it was traditionally considered as a sacred right, it has been progressively limited. Likewise it is explained how this right of asylum is currently presented as a State right which must be defined within the European construction.","Frantzian asilo eskubidearen bilakaera aztertzen da, eta ohituraz eskubide sakratu modukoa azaltzen bazen ere geldiro mugatuz joan dela adierazten da. Eskubide hau gaurregun europar eraikintza sailean oraindik zehaztu behar den Estatuko eskubide bat bezala aurkezten dela azaltzen da ere bai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63074,2023-06-07,"The sex/gender system rooted in the Spanish State is binary in that it recognizes only two sexes: women and men. This is problematic, particularly for intersex persons, since Spanish law obliges the registration of sex in the civil registry, although it does not foresee its reality. In addition, the social need and legal obligation to classify them and place them in social groups brings with it “corrective” surgical interventions and unnecessary hormoneations. Based on the general hypothesis that the sex-gender power system that articulates our social reality structurally and systematically discriminates intersex people and perpetuates human rights violations against these people, the aim of this study, based on the personal account of an intersex person, is to conduct a socio-legal analysis of intersex realities and propose measures to recognize and protect their rights, guaranteeing social justice.","Espainiar estatuan errotutako sexu/genero sistema bitarrak, bi sexu baino ez ditu onartzen: emakumeak eta gizonak. Hau arazotsua da bereziki pertsona intersexualentzat, izan ere, espainiar estatuko legediak sexua erregistro zibilean inskribatzera behartzen du, nahiz eta hauen errealitatea ez aurreikusi. Gainera, kalifikatzeko gizarte-premiak eta gizarte-taldeetan kokatzeko betebehar juridikoak, beharrezkoak ez diren ebakuntzak eta hormonazioak dakartza. Gure errealitate soziala egituratzen duen sexu-genero sistemak, persona intersexualak sistematikoki eta egituralki diskriminatzen dituelaren eta pertsona hauen giza eskubideak urratzen dituelaren hipotesi orokorretik abiatuta; lan honen helburua da, pertsona intersex baten kontakizun pertsonalean oinarrituz, intersex errealitateen azterketa sozio-juridikoa egitea, eta justizia soziala bermatuz, haien eskubideak aitortzeko eta babesteko neurriak proposatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31770,2019-02-28,"{EN] This investigation examined the influence of the Network Society in the educational relations of street education, and the challenges it presents to the street educators in this context. To do so, theoretical concepts of street education and Network Society were used as a basis. Through qualitative methodology, the information received from the interviews of street educators from Vitoria-Gasteiz was analyzed in depth. This way, the changes that occurred in relations and interventions were investigated; social media having extended relations from a social to a digital scope. Even though the contact between minors and the educators is the same in the street, social media allows professionals to always be there.","Ikerketa honen bitartez Sare Gizarteak kale hezkuntzaren harremanetan izandako eragina eta testuinguru honetan kale hezitzaileek dituzten erronkak aztertu ziren. Horretarako kale hezkuntzaren eta Sare Gizartearen inguruko baieztapen teorikoak izan dira oinarri. Metodologia kualitatiboaren bitartez, Vitoria-Gasteizeko bost kale hezitzaileei egindako elkarrizketa sakonekin lortutako informazioa bildu zen. Modu honetan, kale hezitzaileek harreman hezitzaileetan eta esku-hartzeetan bizi dituzten aldaketak ikertu ziren; sare sozialek kale hezitzaileen harremanak arlo sozialetik arlo digitalera zabaldu dituzte. nahiz eta kale hezitzaileen eta adingabeen arteko kontaktua aurrez aurre berdina izan, sare sozialei esker, kale hezitzaileek beti “hor” egoteko aukera dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25419,1999,"The presence of transnational criminal organizations, the aim of which is the traffic of people with the purpose of sex exploitation, acquires each time more importance. After a brief analysis of the international legislation’s evolution in this matter, the national substantive legislation is studied, dwelling upon the 1995 Penal Code’s Modifications introduced as a result of the Organic Law 11/1999, the 30th of April, as well as the national procedural Law.","Sexu esplotazioa helburutzat duen pertsonen trafikoa objetutzat duten nazioarteko erakunde kriminalen presentziak, gero eta garrantzi handiagoa du. Gai honi buruzko nazioarteko legepidearen eboluzioaren analisi labur baten ondoren, legepide nazionala aztertzen da, 1999-ko apirilaren 30-eko 11. Lege organikoaren bidez egin diren 1995-ko Kode penalaren aldaketetan sakonduz. Era berean legepide prozesal nazionala aztertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18391,2015-06-29,"The latest mobile devices available nowadays are leading to the development of a new generation of mobile applications that are able to react to context. Context- awareness requires data from the environment, usually collected by means of sensors embedded in mobile devices or connected to them through wireless networks. Developers of mobile applications are faced with several challenges when it comes to the creation of context-aware applications. Sensor and device heterogeneity stand out among these challenges. In order to assist designers, we propose a layered conceptual framework for sensor abstraction and virtualization, called Igerri. Its main objective is to facilitate the development of context-aware applications independently of the specific sensors available in the user environment. To avoid the need to directly manage physical sensors, a layered structure of virtual and abstract sensors is conceived. Two software components, based on the proposed framework, have been designed in order to test Igerris robustness. The first one processes the information from the successive sensor layers and generates high-level context information. The second is responsible for managing network aspects and real time settings. This implementation has been tested using a representative context-aware application in different scenarios. The results obtained show that the implementation, and therefore the conceptual framework, is suitable for dealing with context information and hiding sensor programming.","Gaur egungo gailu mugikor puntakoenek inguruneari erantzuteko gai diren aplikazio mugikorren garapenean oinarritzen dira. Testuingurua nabaritzeko ingurunearen informazioa behar da, zeina gailu mugikorretan txertatutako sentsoreen edo haririk gabeko sareen bitartez biltzen den. Aplikazio mugikorren garatzaileek erronka askori aurre egin behar izaten diete testuingurua kontuan hartzen duten aplikazioak garatzerakoan. Erronka na- gusien artean, sentsoreen eta gailuen heterogeneotasuna izaten dira. Garatzaileei laguntzeko asmoz, Igerri izeneko sentsoreen abstrakzio eta birtualizaziorako marko kontzeptual bat proposatzen dugu. Bere helburu nagusia, testuinguruaren aplikazio hautemangarrien garapena erraztea da, erabiltzailearen ingurunean dauden sentsore espezifikoak edozein direla ere. Sentsore fisikoak zuzenean ma- nipulatu behar izatea saihesteko, sentsore birtual eta abstraktuen egitura bat asmatu da. Igerri-ren sendotasuna egiaztatzeko, proposatutako markoan oinarritutako bi software osagai diseinatu dira. Lehenak, sentsore geruzen informazio geruzak prozesatu eta maila altuko testuinguru informazioa ematen du. Bigarrenak, sare aukerak kudeatu eta sentsoreen konfigurazioa denbora errealean burutzen ditu. Inplementazio hau testuingurua hautemateko gai eta adierazgarria den aplikazio batekin egoera desberdinetan frogatu da. Lortutako emaitzek erakusten dute inplementazioa, eta ondorioz marko kontzeptuala ere, aproposa dela testuinguruaren informazioa erabiltzeko eta sentsoreen programazioa ezkutatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72739,2025-02-13,"English - Nowadays, there are many bearings in wind turbines, but this project will specifically focus on slewing bearings, those found between the blade-hub and nacelle-tower connections. To understand the behaviour of these bearings, it is necessary to thoroughly know both the static and dynamic properties. To identify and quantify the dynamic properties, tests will need to be done, and for this, an electrodynamic shaker will be used. However, if the dimensions of the bearing are much larger than those of the shaker, a coupling will need to be placed between them. To ensure the success of the tests, it will be necessary to determine the natural frequency and weight of the coupling element that will be used. The objective of this project is to optimize the design of the coupling element so that it has a higher natural frequency than the frequency that will be excited during the tests and to make it as lightweight as possible.","Gaur egun, aerosorgailuetan errodamendu asko aurkitzen dira, baina proiektu hau zehazki iraultze errodamenduen inguruan izango da, pala-buje eta gondola-dorre loturen artean aurkitzen direnen inguruan. Errodamendu hauen portaera ezagutzeko, propietate estatikoak zein dinamikoak ongi ezagutzea beharrezkoa izango da. Propietate dinamikoak ezagutzeko eta kuantifikatzeko entseguak egitea beharrezkoa izango da eta horretarako kitzikagailu elektrodinamiko bat erabiliko da, baina errodamenduaren dimentsioak kitzikagailuarenarekin alderatuz oso handiak badira bien artean akoplamendu bat jarri beharko da. Entseguen arrakasta bermatzeko, beharrezkoa izango da akoplamendurako erabiliko den elkarketa elementuaren maiztasun naturala eta pisua zehaztea. Proiektu honen helburua lotura elementuaren diseinua optimizatzea da, entseguetan kitzikatuko den frekuentzia baina maiztasun natural handiagoa izateko eta pisu arinena izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23218,2017-07,"This Project consists on the manufacturing of a rib, which is the part that gives the wing of an aircraft the correct shape to produce lift when flying. This Project is made with the High Performance Manufacturing Group. The Project includes the design and the manufacturing of the rib. The analysis of different materials and designs will be taken into account, as they are an important part of the rib. For the Project, a NX 10 license and a 3 axis milling machine are used, which are both included in the Mechanical Workplace, that is where the High Performance Manufacturing Group researches.","Proiektu honek saiheski baten fabrikazioa azaltzen du. Saiheskia hegazkin baten hegoari forma ematen dio, behar duen altxatze indarra izateko. Proiektu hau Errendimendu Handiko Fabrikazio Taldearekin egiten da. Proiektuak saiheskiaren diseinua eta fabrikazioa barne hartzen du. Proiektuan material eta diseinu desberdinak analizatzen dira, materialak eta diseinua saiheskiaren parte garrantzitsuak izango direlako. Proiekturako unibertsitateko tailer mekanikoan dauden NX 10 lizentzia bat eta fresatzeko makina bat erabiltzen dira. Tailer mekanikoa, Errendimendu Handiko Fabrikazio Taldeak bere ikerketak egiten duen lekua da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60231,2023-03-03,"In recent years, concern for the environment and the health of the population is increasing, school children present more and more diseases related to bad life habits. This work is an investigation on the knowledge of primary school students in healthy and sustainable eating, proposing and carrying out a didactic unit to improve health and sustainable eating habits. The results of the work show that the students of the last cycle of primary education have acceptable knowledge about healthy eating and sustainability, but, however, the majority do not have healthy and sustainable eating habits. This project has been carried out in the primary school of a concerted school located in Vitoria-Gasteiz. For the elaboration of the didactic unit, the previous ideas of the students about eating habits and healthy and sustainable eating were collected through tests. In addition, we sought to detect beliefs and needs of the educational community through a questionnaire. With this information, a total of nine intervention sessions have been prepared and carried out. The evaluation instruments developed have allowed obtaining sufficient conclusions and results, taking into account what was observed in the didactic unit, aspects for improvement, new proposals and conclusions have been extracted, enriching the work.","Azken urteotan, ingurumenarekiko eta herritarren osasunarekiko kezka gero eta handiagoa da; eskola-adineko haurrek gero eta gaixotasun gehiago dituzte bizi-ohitura txarrekin lotuta daudenak. Lan hau lehen hezkuntzako ikasleek elikadura osasungarri eta iraunkorrari buruz duten ezagutzari buruzko ikerketa da, osasuna eta elikadura-ohitura iraunkorrak hobetzeko unitate didaktiko bat proposatuz eta gauzatuz. Lanaren emaitzek erakusten dute lehen hezkuntzako azken zikloko ikasleek elikadura osasuntsuari eta jasangarritasunari buruzko ezagutza onargarriak dituztela, baina, hala ere, gehienek ez dute elikadura-ohitura osasungarri eta iraunkorrik. Proiektu hau Gasteizen dagoen itunpeko eskola bateko lehen hezkuntzako 5garren mailan aurrera eramn da. Unitate didaktikoa egiteko, ikasleen elikadura-ohiturak eta elikadura osasuntsu eta jasangarriari buruz ezagutzak biltzeko test batzuk egin ziren. Gainera, hezkuntza-komunitatearen sinesmenak eta beharrak hauteman nahi izan ziren galdetegi baten bidez. Informazio horrekin, bederatzi esku-hartze saio prestatu eta egin dira guztira. Bukatzean, prestatutako ebaluazio tresnei esker behar bezain beste ondorio eta emaitzak atera dira. Amaitzeko behatutakoa kontuan hartuta unitate didaktikoan hobetzeko alderdiak, proposamen berriak eta ondorioak atera dira, era berean, lana aberastuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73497,2025-05-12,"Despite the fact that several authors emphasise the usefulness of poetry for children's intellectual and personal development, very few children's poetry books are used in schools. This has to do, in large part, with the lack of information that exists on this genre, as children's poetry has an evident void in the field of research. Thus, with the aim of overcoming this obstacle and opening up opportunities for Basque children's poetry in schools, the aim of this Master's Thesis is to characterise Basque children's poetry, in the hope that knowledge of it will make it possible to become aware of its usefulness. For this purpose, a selection has been made of the works of Juan Kruz Igerabide (1956), in order to analyse the characteristics of the poems by means of literary analysis, on basis of the models proposed by Arcadio López Casanova (1994) and Olga Muñoz Navarro (2022). Furthermore, based on the work of Olga Muñoz Navarro (2022), a comparative methodology is used to verify whether the children's poetry published by Juan Kruz Igerabide falls within the framework of Spanish children's poetry. The results of the analysis of Igerabide's poems show a strong tendency towards haiku, with the prevailing themes of nature, brevity, poetic images and stylistic figures affecting semantics. The comparison of Spanish lyric poetry with the children's poetry of Juan Kruz Igerabide reveals that, although it differs in some aspects, the characteristics of Spanish children's poetry are very similar to those of Igerabide's children's poetry detailed in this study.","Zenbait autorek poesiak haurraren garapen intelektual eta pertsonalerako duen baliagarritasuna azpimarratu arren, eskoletan oso gutxi erabiltzen dira haur-poesiako liburuak. Honek badu zerikusirik genero honen inguruan dagoen informazio ezarekin, haur-poesiak hutsune nabarmena baitu ikerketaren esparruan. Hartara, oztopo hau gainditzeko eta euskal haur-poesiari eskolan bideak irekitzeko asmoarekin, Master Amaierako Lan honen helburua euskal haur-poesia ezaugarritzea da, horren ezagupenak bere erabilgarritasunaz jabetzeko aukera emango duelakoan. Horretarako, Juan Kruz Igerabideren (1956) obren aukeraketa burutu da, ondoren analisi literarioaren bitartez poemen ezaugarriak aztertzeko, Arcadio López Casanovak (1994) eta Olga Muñoz Navarrok (2022) proposatutako ereduak jarraikiz. Horrez gain, Olga Muñoz Navarroren (2022) lana abiapuntu izanez, Juan Kruz Igerabidek argitaratutako haur-poesia Espainiako haur-poesiaren markoaren barruan kokatzen den egiaztatu da metodologia konparatiboaz baliatuz. Igerabideren poemen analisiaren emaitzek haikuarenganako joera indartsua erakusten dute; izadiaren gaia, laburtasuna, irudi poetikoak eta semantikari eragiten dioten figura estilistikoak gailenduz. Bestalde, Espainiako lirikaren eta Juan Kruz Igerabideren haur-poesiaren alderaketak Espainiako haur-poesiaren ezaugarriak ikerketa honetan zehaztutako Igerabideren haur-poesiaren ezaugarrien oso antzekoak direla azaltzen du, nahiz eta zenbait alderditan bereizten den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31383,2019-02-05,"The ENCIENDE report indicates the urgent need to promote an adequate scientific education from 3 years of age. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is the design and implementation of a project tested in a child's classroom to analyze whether project-based learning is capable of laying the foundations for fostering scientific competence and favoring inclusion. Throughout the activities different experiments were carried out that showed that there are deficiencies in aspects related to argumentation, that experimentation favors inquiry and research and that a cooperative learning structure makes inclusion possible.","ENCIENDE informeak 3 urteko adinetik hezkuntza zientifiko egokia sustatzeko beharra azpimarratzen du. Horregaitik, lan honen helburu nagusia haur hezkuntzako gelan probatuko proiektu baten diseinua eta implementazioa da, proiektuan oinarritutako ikaskuntza zientzia- gaitasuna sustatzeko eta inklusioa errazteko oinarriak finkatzeko gai den aztertzeko. Jardueretan zehar hainbat esperimentu burutu ziren, argumentazioarekin zerikusia zuten alderdietan gabeziak daudela, esperimentazioak ikerketaren alde egiten duela eta ikaskuntza kooperatibo baten egitura batek inklusioaren alde egiten duela erakutzi zutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18300,2016-05-26,"The aim of this project is programming, by Labview tool, a software for reading and storing data collected by an analog inclinometer made by STW Technic. Once the program is ready, a series of tests will proceed to perform by vibrating at different frequencies and with different amplitude angle to determine the limits of measurement of the sensor.","Proiektu honen helburua Labview programaren bidez software bat sortzea da, zeinetan STW Technic-en inklinometro analogiko baten datuak irakurri eta metatzen diren. Behin programa eginda, bibrazio-frekuentzia eta angelu-anplitude ezberdinen bidez egingo dira froga batzuk sentsorearen limiteak ezagutzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19692,2016-12-01,"This Final Project aims to carry out the design of a solar photovoltaic system connected to the network in a home in Loiu, in order to obtain an shall be calculated and chosen, and taking into account the initial investment, the energy generated and the market price the feasibility of the project shall be analyzed. economic benefit. With this purpose all the elements that define the installation","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua Loiuko etxebizitza batean sarera konektatutako eguzki-instalazio fotovoltaiko baten diseinua aurrera eramatea da, mozkin ekonomiko bat lortzeko asmoarekin. Horretarako sistema definitzen duten osagai guztiak kalkulatu eta hautatuko dira, eta hasierako inbertsioa, sortutako energía eta merkatuko prezioa kontuan izanda instalazioaren bidegarritasuna aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26879,1996,"Mr. Julio Car Baroja, etnographer, anthropologist, historian, drawer, was a prolific author with more than 40 wprks. Essential member of the Spanish cultural life, collaborator in scientific research everywhere, he was respected as a sceptic learned man but also, especially, as a good man. All his work demonstrates that he was an intellectual and humanist, a great expert on History and Culture.","On Julio Caro Barojak, etnografo, antropologo, historiadore, marrazkilari, lan ugari egin zuen bere bizitzaren zehar, 40 liburu baino gehiago idatziz. Espainiar kultura bizitzaren ezinbesteko atala, mundu osoaren ikerketan lankide, jadikun sinetsgogor, eta, batez ere, gizon zintzotzat hartzen zaio. Bere lan osoak azaltzen du, intelektualaz bestalde, humanista zela, historia eta kulturaren ezagutzaile haundia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/39128,2020,"The II UPV/EHU Doctoral Conference, under the slogan «Gure ikerketa / Our research», is organised by the Master and Doctoral School, and is held at the Bizkaia Aretoa in Bilbao on 3rd July 2019. Over a hundred doctoral students will take part in this event, in which they will present their research work both in poster format and orally, through the «My thesis in 180 seconds» modality. This II Doctoral Conference follows the first session held in 2016, and aims to establish itself as a transversal activity. It is held every three years and offers all the doctoral students at the UPV/EHU the chance to take part in the Conference. It endeavours to be a meeting point for the entire university community, and pursues the following objectives: — To publicise the research activity carried out as part of the different doctoral programmes at the UPV/EHU. — To encourage doctoral students to familiarise themselves with activities that entail a transfer and dissemination of knowledge to society. — To promote an exchange of experiences and opinions between people who are researching into different areas of knowledge. — To highlight the importance of doctoral studies as an educational means to facilitate and improve integration into the labour market. Participation in the II Conference has been arranged around 6 main subject areas: A. Health, demographic change, sport and well-being. B. Energy, transport and industry 4.0. C. Reflective societies and social change. D. Food safety and eco-systems. E. Climate, environment, resources and raw materials. F. Culture, leisure and creativity. The opening conference of this event will be led by Dr Koldo Ostolaza Zamora, from ITP AERO, who will give a talk about the subject «Doctors in business». This volume contains a summary of the presentations, both in poster and oral format, under the «My thesis in 180 seconds» modality, that are submitted in the II UPV/EHU Doctoral Conference.","Master eta Doktorego Eskolaren eskutik eta «Gure ikerketa» leloaren pean, 2019ko uztailaren 3an UPV/EHUko II. Doktorego Jardunaldiak izango dira Bilboko Bizkaia Aretoan. Bertan, ehunetik gora doktoregaik beren ikerketak aurkeztuko dituzte, poster komunikazioen bidez edo ahozko aurkezpenetan, «nire tesia 180 segundotan» modalitatearen bitartez. 2016ko lehen edizioaren ostean, II. Doktorego Jardunaldiok jarduera transbertsal gisa finkatzeko bokazioarekin datoz. Hiru urtean behin egiten dira, eta UPV/EHUko doktoregai guztiek har dezakete parte haietan beren prestaldian zehar. Unibertsitateko kide guztientzako bilgune izateko pentsatuak dira, eta helburu hauek dituzte: — UPV/EHUko doktorego programetan egiten den ikerketa ezagutaraztea. — Doktoregaiak trebatuz joatea jakintza gizartera transferitzeko eta hedatzeko jardueretan. — Jakintza adar desberdinetako ikertzaileek esperientziak eta iritziak truka ditzaten bultzatzea. — Nabarmentzea doktoregoko ikasketen garrantzia laneratze prozesua errazteko eta hobetzeko. II. jardunaldiok sei bloke tematikotan egituratu dira: A. Osasuna, aldaketa demografikoa, kirola eta ongizatea. B. Energia, garraioa eta 4.0 industria. C. Gizarte gogoetatsuak eta aldaketa soziala. D. Elikagaien segurtasuna eta ekosistemak. E. Klima, ingurumena, baliabideak eta lehengaiak. F. Kultura, aisialdia eta sormena. Aurten hasierako hitzaldia Koldo Ostolaza Zamora doktoreak emango du, ITP AERO enpresakoak, «doktoreak enpresan» gaiaren inguruan. Liburu honetan bildu ditugu UPV/EHUko II. Doktorego Jardunaldietan aurkeztutako komunikazioen laburpenak, bai poster formatuan egindakoak eta bai «nire tesia 180 segundotan » formularen bidez aurkeztutakoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19341,2016-10-20,"The project consists of designing a road bicycle frame made from Aluminium 6061. The frame should be as light as possible, yet would be capable of resisting the loads that it is subjected to. Initially, the influence that the different parameters (which define the frame geometry) have on stress distribution is studied. It is found that the parameters which should be taken into account in the design are the seat tube angle and the top tube horizontal. An optimization of these parameters is made in order to minimize the maximum stresses on the frame. Optimization of the tubes sections is performed, with the objective of minimizing the frame weight, and the frame is modelled using a CAD program, achieving a final weight of 1144 grams. Finally, using finite element analysis software, a simulation of two of the tests which are established by the normative is carried out: the impact test (falling mass) and the fatigue test with horizontal forces, both of which the frame satisfactorily passes.","Proiektua Aluminio 6061ez egindako errepidezko bizikleta baten koadroa diseinatzean oinarritzen da. Koadroak eskaera zamen eraginak eutsi behar ditu ahal den arinena izan bitartean. Lehenik eta behin, koadroaren geometria zehazten duten parametroen eragina aztertzen da tentsioen distribuzioan. Azterketa horretan, parametro garrantzitsuenak seat tube angle eta top tube horizontal direla aurkitzen da eta parametro hauen optimizazioa egiten da koadroaren tentsioa handienak minimizatzeko. Ondoren, hodien sekzioen optimizazioa egiten da koadroaren pisua minimizatzearen objektiboarekin eta koadro hau modelatzen da CAD programa bat erabiliz, 1144 gramoko pisua lortuz. Bukatzeko, elementu finituen programa bat erabiliz, arautegiak behartzen dituen bi entseguen simulazioa egiten da, talka entsegua eta indar horizontalen nekearen entsegua. Bi entsegu hauek gainditzen ditu koadroak era egokian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29205,2018-10-22,"In this project, a web application has been developed, with the goal to provide a tool to design screens or conversations of a Chatbot for Telegram. Django has been used for that, a known web framework of open code written in python. The web application has a multi-user support and it is multi-language. When it comes to the conversation designs, the drag & drop utility is provided as a method to add components to the screen, allowing to use the same utility to arrange the attached components. It allows also to organize the screens by projects, to eliminate them or to save them to edit them later on. In addition to that, it is possible to simulate a screen of a mobile device to verify that the created design until that time adjusts to its limits, having the possibility to create and download an image from the screen design.","Proiektu honetan, Telegramerako Chatbot pantaila edo elkarrizketak diseinatzeko tresna bat eskaintzeko helburuarekin, web aplikazio bat garatu da. Horretarako Django erabili da, pythonen idatzitako kode irekiko framework web ezaguna. Web aplikazioak erabiltzaile eta hizkuntza anitza da. Elkarrizketen diseinuari dagokionez, drag & drop aukera eskaintzen da osagaiak pantailara gehitzeko, era berean, aukera berdina erabili daiteke atxikitutako osagaiak antolatzeko. Gainera, pantailak proiektutan antolatzeko, ezabatzeko eta gordetzeko aukera ematen du, gerora editatu ahal izateko. Horrez gain, gailu mugikor baten pantaila simulatzea posible da, ordurarte egindako diseinua mugetara egokitzen dela egiaztatzeko, egindako pantaila diseinuaren irudi bat sortzeko eta deskargatzeko aukera izanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31750,2019-02-28,"Due to the importance of the emotional intelligence in the current society, and of course, considering its educational scope, and taking into account that stories are one of the most appropriate tools to help children in their emotional development, this work pretends to evaluate the rol and the presence of the emotional intelligence and stories focused on the topic of the emotion in Childhood Educational rooms, and also in families. In order to do it, teacher’s and family member’s feelings are collected. It is also recommended a range of guides with abundant material and a proposal of intervention to work emotional intelligence while Childhood Education is offered.","Gaur egungo gizartean, eta batez ere hezkuntza eremuan, ez dugu ahaztu behar batetik, adimen emozionalak duen garrantzia eta bestetik, “haur-ipuina”, bere garapen emozionalean umeei laguntzeko, tresna egokienetako bat dela. Lan honen xedea, familietan zein Haur Hezkuntzako geletan zirrara edo emozioen gaiaz aritzen diren ipuinen eta adimen emozionalaren presentzia eta zeregina aztertzea izango da. Horretarako, gai honen inguruan irakasleria eta ahaideen iritzia aintzat hartu da. Halaber, haur hezkuntzan, adimen emozionala lantzeko proposamen bat eskaintzen da eta bertan, gai anitzeko hainbat gidaliburu gomendatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22915,2017-07,The aim of this project is to study the options available of Siemens´s TIA Portal engineering tool used for making reconfigurable lines of production. The capacities of the studied functions will be proved by designing a reconfigurable line of production.,"Proiektu honek, Siemens konpainiaren TIA Portal erramintak fabrikazio-lerroak berkonfiguratzeko dituen aukerak ikertzen ditu. Ikertutako funtzioen ahalmenak egiaztatuko dira, berkonfiguratu daitekeen fabrikazio-lerro baten diseinuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23230,2017-07,"The purpose of this project is to analyse the Norm ISO 15066 on collaborative robots for the design of a correct and secure flexible manipulator. The project arises due to the necessity of working out the problems of security that could appear in the implementation and use of collaborative robots. For this reason, there is the need to analyse the behaviour of a collaborative robot as well as the security measures and protective conditions necessary to secure the integrity of human beings that work with it.","Proiektu honen helburua, diseinu egoki eta segurua den maneiagailu malgu baterako ISO 15066 Norma, errobot kolaboratzaileen inguruan, analizatzea da. Proiektu hau agertzen da kontuan izanda errobot kolaboratzaileen ezarpen eta erabileran gertatu ahal diren segurtasun arazoei aurre egiteko. Horretarako, errobot kolaboratzaile baten jarrera zehaztu beharko da. Baita ere, hartu ahal diren babesak eta segurtasun neurriak gizaki baten segurtasuna bermatu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72716,2025-02-13,"This Final Degree Project proposes the design, simulation and prototyping of a system equipped with solar energy, capable of reading a micro SD card and playing an audio file. The aim of this system is to place it in any outdoor space to help visually impaired people to identify what is in front of them. A photovoltaic plate will convert solar energy into electricity, which will be stored in a battery. For this process, it is necessary to adapt the voltage of the solar cells to the voltage of the battery, reducing it from 6 V to 4.2 V by means of a buck circuit designed for this purpose. In this same circuit, the voltage reaching the battery will be regulated by adjusting the duty cycle of a PWM signal generated by the ATMega328-U microcontroller. In addition, the microcontroller will manage the communication with the micro SD card to read and play the audio file. Both the microcontroller and the micro SD card will be powered at 5 V by an MT3608 boost converter. To ensure adequate loudness, an audio amplification circuit has been added to the system. A simulation of the different components mentioned has been carried out using Proteus 8 software, and the characteristics of various signals have been analysed through their graphs. After ensuring correct operation, assembly was carried out on a printed circuit PCB to reduce the size of the system. A protective case was also designed and printed with a 3D printer. The challenges and decisions taken during the development of the project are detailed in this technical report. An analysis of the results obtained has also been carried out, from which conclusions are drawn and presented at the end of the work.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan eguzki energiaz horniturik, mikro SD txartel bat irakurri eta audio artxibo bat erreproduzitzen duen sistema baten diseinua, simulazioa eta prototipaketa proposatzen da. Sortutako sistema, edozein aire zabaleko eremutan koka zatekeen eta ezgaitasun bisuala daukaten pertsonei aurrean daukatena azaltzea du helburu. Plaka fotovoltaiko batek eguzki-energia eraldatu eta sortutako elektrizitatea bateria batean gordeko du. Prozesu hau burutzeko, eguzki zelulen tentsioa bateriaren tentsiora egokitu behar da, hau da 6 V-tik 4,2 V-ra jaitsi behar da, eta horretarako buck zirkuitu bat diseinatu da. Zirkuitu berean, bateriara heltzen den tentsioa ATMega328-U mikrokontrolagailuak sortzen duen PWM seinale baten lan-zikloa aldatuz erregulatuko da. Horrez gain, mikrokontrolagailuak mikro SD txartel batekin komunikazioa bete behar du audio artxiboa irakurtzeko eta erreproduzitzeko. Azken bi hauek boost motako MT3608 bihurgailu baten bitartez 5 V-ra elikatuko dira. Soinua behar bezain ozen entzuteko, sistemari anplifikazio zirkuitu bat gehitu zaio. Aipatutako atal ezberdinen simulazioa, Proteus 8 softwarean burutu da, eta horien grafikoen bidez hainbat seinaleen ezaugarriak aztertu dira. Funtzionamendu egokia bermatu ostean, tamaina murrizteko asmoz, muntaia PCB zirkuitu inprimatuan gauzatu da. Horrez gain, sistema osoa babesteko karkasa bat diseinatu eta 3D inprimagailu bidez inprimatu da. Lanaren garapenean izandako oztopoak eta hartutako erabakiak memoria tekniko honetan biltzen dira. Aldi berean, lortutako emaitzen azterketa burutu da eta hauekin, lanaren bukaeran ondorioak ateratzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14399,2015-02-12,"This project has its aim in analyzing the performance of different cryptographic techniques that the HIP mobility protocol can use to provide the security services that are determined. The first thing to do is to select the different cryptographic algorithms that HIP could use to cover the security services considered the most relevant, which are authentication, confidentiality and integrity of data. Then the most significant parameters in relation to performance will be identified, and a scenario and a test plan will be defined to take measurements. Later the masurements will be taken with the previously selected cryptographic algoritms, and finally the obtained results will be analyzed and evaluated to determine the efficiency of each cryptographic algorithm.","Proiektu honen helburua zehaztutako segurtasun zerbitzuak zuzkitzeko, HIP protokoloak erabil ditzakeen teknika kriptografiko desberdinen errendimenduaren analisia egitea da. Lehenengo pausoa segurtasun zerbitzu garrantzitsuentzat dauzkagun autentifikazio, konfidentzialtasun eta datuen osotasuna bermatzeko, HIP protokoloak erabil ditzakeen algoritmo kriptografiko desberdinak aukeratzea izango da. Ondoren errendimenduari dagokionez parametro adierazgarrienak identifikatuko dira eta neurketak egiteko proba-plana eta egoera definituko dira. Segidan lehen aukeratutako algoritmo kriptografikoen bidez neurketak burutuko dira eta azkenik algoritmo kriptografiko bakoitzaren eraginkortasuna zehazteko emaitzak aztertu eta zenbatetsiko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51006,2021-04-15,"This research study, consist in analyze and investigate the gender stereotypes that could be in sports, physical activities or Physical Education. In this research, will analyze some images and photos that a Physical Education teacher could percieve visually, always being the gender the principal target of study. Apart from that, sometimes the situation of the human in each image or photo will be object of study also.The objective of this analysis will be, to analyse what kind of gender stereotypes could be transmited by those images and also to emphasize the need to work on a nowadays not commun pedagogy in Physical Education, that is the critical pedagogy. For these research, it have been used two analisis tools. On the one hand, it has been used a modification of the work that is called “One Minute Sculptures” by the artist Erwin Wurm. That modification has been used with a class of 6th grade of primary in Bentades Ikastetxea school. On the other hand, it has been analyzed two textbooks about Physical Education. One book was from the ninety ́s decade and the other one was from the beginning of XXI.century, exactly from the 2006 year. Taking this research in account, this need to work on the critical pedagogy born as a consequence of the visual culture. In fact, this visual culture give us some gender stereotypes. Those ones, usually are transmitted by the hidden resume, so they are not able to see. Because of that, it could be practical to work on those ones by the critical pedagogy. For that work, the Physical Education could be a effective tool, because the objective of this subject is to develop the human ́s body. So, this course could be the best context to develop the human body physically and psychological-socially Keywords: Visual culture, gender stereotypes, hidden resume, Physical Education, critical pedagogy.","Ikerketa lan honek, kirolean, jarduera fisikoan eta Heziketa Fisikoan ematen diren genero estereotipoen azterketan datza. Ikerlan honetan, Heziketa Fisikoko irakasleek begi-bistaz jaso ditzaketen argazki edo irudien analisia egingo da, betiere generoa analisiaren objektu nagusia izanik. Horretaz gain, gehienetan, argazkian edo irudian egiten ari diren hori analisirako objetua izango da. Ikerketa honen helburua, beraz, irakasleek jaso ditzaketen argazki eta irudi horietan agertzen diren kirol edo jarduera fisikoko generozko estereotipoak nolakoak diren aztertzea eta gutxi lantzen den perspektiba kritikoaren beharra nabarmentzea izango da. Guzti hori aztertu ahal izateko bi ikerketa-tresna jarri dira martxan, alde batetik, Mungiako Bentades Ikastetxeako 6.mailako 24 ikasleko ikasgela batekin, Erwin Wurm artistaren “One Minute Sculptures” obraren moldaketa praktiko bat burutu da eta bestetik, 90. hamarkadako eta 2000.hamarkadako Heziketa Fisikozko testu liburuen irudiak aztertu dira. Analisi honi erreparatuz, aipatutako ikuspuntu kritikoaren beharra, ikus kulturaren eraginaren ondorio bat dela esan daiteke, hala nola, ikus kulturak hainbat generozko estereotipo transmititzen dizkigu eta. Mezu estereotipatu horiek gehienetan, curriculum ezkutuaren bitartez transmititzen dira, beraz, ez dira ikusgaiak eta horren ondorioz, pedagogia kritikoaren bitartez aztertzea praktikoa izan daiteke. Horretarako, Heziketa Fisikoa, baliabide eraginkorra izan daiteke, ikasgai honetan, gizakiaren gorputza hezten baita. Beraz, gorputza modu fisiko eta psikologiko sozial batean hezteko testuinguru ezinhobea izan daiteke ikasgai hau. Hitz-gakoak: Ikus kultura, generozko estereotipoak, Heziketa Fisikoa, curriculum ezkutua, pedagogia kritikoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20868,2017-03-06,"In this final grade work the concepts of Energy Certification, Construction Standards and Energy Rating, which are closely related to the new perspective of building innovation, were analyzed and distinguished. In order to do this, these terms were defined and the current legislation was studied, focusing the study in the Passivhaus Construction Standard. To do this, energy rating limits for this city were calculated and the consumptions of a Passivhaus were placed within those limits.","Gradu amaierako lan honen bitartez, eraikuntzaren berrikuntsarekin zerikusia estuki lotuta dauden Ziurtagarri energetikoa, Eraikuntzarako Estandarra eta Kalifikazio Energetikoaren kontzeptuak aztertu eta landu dira. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin aurretik aipaturiko terminoak definitu dira eta indarrean dagoen araudia ikertu da, analisia Passivhaus Eraikuntza Estandarrean sakonduz. Hori egiteko, IDAE-ren datuekin hiri horretarako Kalifikazio Energetikoaren mugak kalkulatu dira eta Araban dagoen Passivhaus baten kontsumoak lortutako mugetan kokatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29255,2018-10-23,"This work is intended to develop a cross flow turbine for developing communities. It is divided into four main blocks: A spread sheet will be made and introducing in it a few parameters, it will return the data for an ideal wheel. Another block is a real assembly where all the mechanical elements and the wheel have been dimensioned using the spread sheet. The wheel of the real assembly has been simulated by CFD program, obtaining in this way the yield of the turbine. Finally, a scale model has been manufactured to have a real example of this turbine. Also mechanical and electrical yield will be calculated with this example.","Lan honetan gurutzatutako fluxu baten turbina bat garatzea da garapenean dagoen elkarteentzat, lau bloke nagusitan bananduta egongo da: Kalkulu orri bat egingo da, non parametro gutxi batzuk ordezkatuz turbina ideal bat lortzeko datuak emango dituen. Beste bloke bat muntaketa erreala da non elementu mekanikoak eta turbina dimentsionatu egin dira kalkulu orriari esker. Muntai errealaren turbina simulatu egin da bolumen finituzko programa baten bidez, era horretan lan etekina lortuz. Azkenik muntai bat egin da eskalan kalkulu teorikoak egiaztatzeko, non lan etekin mekanikoa eta elektrikoa lortuko diren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29400,2018-10-30,"Inglés --> The purpose of this project is to implement a radar using SDR for commercial aircraft locator by ADS-B and then use this knowledge to create an improvement that allows the extension of the detection area of the aircrafts. To fulfil this objective a series of tools that will allow us to carry out the reception of the ADS-B, the decoding of the signal and post-processing of the data will be analysed carefully. Once the necessary tools have been acquired, which can be either software or hardware, field tests will be carried out to demonstrate the validity of the work done.","Euskera --> Proiektu honen helburua ADS-B-aren bidez hegazkin komertzialen detekziorako SDR motako radar bat burutzea da eta, ondoren, irabazitako ezagutza hori erabiliz, hobekuntza bat planteatu, non hegazkinen detekzio tartea handituko den. Helburu hori lortzeko erabiliko diren tresnak aztertuko dira sakonki, hala nola; ADS-B seinaleak jaso, beraien deskodifikazioa burutu eta seinaleen prozesamendua ahalbidetuko dute. Behin tresna guztiak eskuratuak izanik, hardware zein software, kokapen konkretu batzuetan burutuko dira egindako lanari baliotasuna bermatzen dituzten frogak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72632,2025-02-11,"With the goal of finding guidelines for the design of drives for high-precision path-following machines, a numerical relationship has been found between the gain of the controller that commands the drive and its design parameters. From modelling the system formed by the controller and the drive, simulations and calculations have been carried out through the computer program MatLab in order to obtain aforesaid relationship. The outcome of this study will help to reduce times and simplify the design stage of this type of drives.","Ibilbideen jarraipena egiteko doitasun handiko makinentzako eragingailuak diseinatzeko jarraibideak aurkitzeko, zenbakizko erlazioa aurkitu da eragintza gobernatzen duen kontrolatzailearen irabaziaren eta haren diseinu-parametroen artean. Kontrolatzaileak eta eragingailuak osatutako sistemaren modelizazioetatik abiatuta, simulazioak eta kalkuluak egin dira MatLab programa informatikoaren bidez, erlazio hori lortzeko. Azterketa honen emaitzak lagunduko du denborak murrizten eta eragingailu mota horien diseinu-etapa sinplifikatzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42034,2019-12-19,"This PhD thesis contributes on designing and applying data mining techniques targeting the improvement of Human Computer Interaction (HCI) in different contexts. The main objectives of the thesis are to design systems based on data mining methods for modelling behaviour on interaction and use data. Moreover, having to work often in unsupervised learning contexts has lead to contribute methodologically to clustering validation regardless of the context; an unsolved problem in machine learning. Cluster Validity Indexes (CVIs) partially solve this problem by providing a quality score of the partitions, but none of them has proven to robustly face the broad range of conditions. In this regard, in the first contribution several CVI decision fusion (voting) approaches are proposed, showing that they are promising strategies for clustering validation.In the Human-Computer Interaction context, the contributions are structured in three different areas. The accessibility area is analysed in the first one where an efficient system to automatically detect navigation problems of users, with and without disabilities, is presented. The next contribution is focused on the medical informatics and it analyses the interaction in a medical dashboard used to support the decision-making of clinicians (SMASH). On the one hand, connections between visual and interaction behaviours on SMASH are studied. On the other hand, based on the interaction behaviours observed in SMASH, two main cohorts of users are automatically detected and characterised: primary (pharmacists) vs secondary (non-pharmacists).Finally, two contributions on the e-Services area are made, focusing on their interaction and use respectively. In the first one, potential students aiming to enrol the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) are satisfactorily modelled based on the interactive behaviours they showed in the web of this university. The second one, empirically analyses and characterises the use of e-Government services in different European countries based on survey data provided by Eurostat","Doktorego-tesi honek, hainbat testuingurutan, Pertsona-Konputagailu Elkarrekintzaren (PKE) hobekuntzarako datuen meatzaritzako teknikak diseinatzen eta aplikatzen laguntzen du. Tesiaren helburu nagusiak datu-meatzaritzako metodoetan oinarritutako sistemak diseinatzea da, elkarrekintza- eta erabilera-datuen portaera modelatzeko. Gainera, gainbegiratu gabeko ikasketa-testuinguruekin sarritan lan egin behar izanak, datuen testuinguru guztiei zuzendutako clusteringa baliozkotzeari buruzko ekarpen metodologikoa egitera bultzatu gaitu. Kluster baliozkotze indizeek (CVI) partizioen kalitate-neurri bat ematen duten heinean, arazo hau partzialki ebazten dute, baina horietako batek ere ez du erakutsi egoeren espektro handiari aurre egiteko gaitasuna. Ildo honetatik, lehen kontribuzioan CVIen arteko erabaki-fusioen (bozketa) hainbat sistema proposatzen ditugu, eta klusteringa baliozkotzeko estrategia eraginkorrak direla erakusten dugu.Pertsona-Konputagailu Elkarrekintzaren testuinguruan, ekarpenak hiru arlotan egituratuta daude. Irisgarritasun arloa lehenengo kontribuzioan aztertzen da, sistema eraginkor bat aurkeztuz, desgaitasuna duten eta desgaitasuna ez duten erabiltzaileen nabigazio-arazoak automatikoki detektatzen dituena.Hurrengo ekarpena informatika-medikoan zentratzen da eta medikuei erabakiak hartzeko jardueretan laguntzeko erabiltzen den osasun-arbela mediko baten (SMASH) elkarrekintza aztertzen du. Batetik, SMASH arbelean portaera bisualen eta interaktiboen arteko loturak aztertzen dira. Bestalde, SMASH arbelean antzemandako portaera interaktiboen arabera, bi erabiltzaile talde nagusi detektatu eta ezaugarritu dira: lehen mailakoak (farmazialariak) eta bigarren mailakoak (ez farmazialariak).Azkenik, bi kontribuzio egiten dira zerbitzu elektronikoen (e-Zerbitzuen) arloan, elkarrekintza eta erabileran oinarrituz, hurrenez hurren. Lehenengoan, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatean (UPV/EHU) izena eman nahi duten ikasle potentzialak modu eraginkorrean modelatu dira unibertsitate honen webgunean erakutsitako jokabide interaktiboen arabera. Bigarrenean, gobernuko e-Zerbitzuen erabilera aztertu da Europako hainbat herrialdetan, Eurostatek emandako inkesta-datuetan oinarrituz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28645,2014,"Social inequality concerning the heterosexual/homosexual binary, where the first term is conceptualized as hegemonic and normative and the second remains stigmatized, has spread among all the archaeological fields, from theory to methodology and fieldwork. The aim of this text is to demonstrate and denounce this inequality, as well as to suggest some theoretical alternatives for an unbiased study of sexuality in past societies.","Giza desberdintasuna heterosexual eta homosexual terminoen inguruan egituratua, lehena hegemoniko eta arauzkotzat ezartzen den bitartean, bigarrena estigmatizatu egiten da eta ikuspuntu hau lan arkeologikoen eremu guztietan zabaldu da, bai planteamendu teorikoetan, bai metodologian eta landa lanean. Testu honen helburua desberdintasun hau azaleratzea eta salatzea da, baita iraganeko gizarteen sexualitatearen azterketa partziala ekiditeko aukera batzuk proposatzea ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23790,2017-11-27,"As the Internet of Things (IoT) expands, the demand for interconnected devices increases. In response, standards that offer a long range coverage and low energy consumption have been developed. This features will be essential in a new scenario in which it is expected that many devices will be required high connectivity. One of the most prominent standards is LPWAN, which optimizes reach, battery life and manufacturing cost in exchange for a lower data rate, making it a very suitable standard for IoT. The capabilities of these new technologies offer the unprecedented possibility of providing connectivity to sensors in previously unreachable places. However, this also raises new challenges. One of the most outstanding LPWAN technologies, LoRaWAN, is a non-IP based protocol, therefore, it requires a gateway to connect to an IP network such as the Internet. In order to reach remote locations in many cases this gateway has to be positioned in areas where obtaining Internet access is not a trivial problem. It is at this point, when community networks, such as Guifi.net, can provide the connectivity that regular Internet providers are not able to supply. This thesis will analyze the possibilities of connectivity for sensor networks using community networks to reach Internet connection, for this purpose a proof of concept (PoC) of a LoRaWAN network will be developed and connected to the Internet through Guifi.net.","Gauzen Interneta (IoT) hedatzen den heinean, gailu inter konektatuen eskaria handituz doa. Honi erantzun emateko, estaldura maila handia eta energia kontsumo baxua eskaintzen dituzten estandarrak garatzen hasi dira. Ezaugarri hauek, etorkizunean ezinbestekoak izango dira, gailu asko elkar-konektatuta egon beharko baitira. Gehien gailentzen den estandarretako bat LPWAN da. Estandar honek irismena, bateriaren bizitza eta ekoizpen kostua optimizatzen ditu datu igorpen frekuentzia txikiago baten truke, modu honetan, estandar aproposa bihurtuz IoT-rako. Teknologia berri hauen ezaugarriek, ordurarte ezinezkoa zen tokietan, sentsoreei konektibitatea eskaintzea ahalbidetzen du. Hala eta guztiz ere, honek erronka berriak dakartza. LPWAN teknologietako batek, LoRaWAN, ez du IP protokoloa erabiltzen, horregatik, gateway baten beharra du Internet bezalako IP sare batera konektatzeko. Urrutiko leku hauetara heltzeko, askotan gateway hau Interneterako sarbidea lortzea erraza ez den lekuetan kokatu behar da. Horretarako, komunitate sareek, Guifi.net alegia, ohiko Internet zerbitzu hornitzaileek eskaini ezin duten konektibitatea eskain dezakete. Lan honetan sentsore sareek dituzten konektibitate aukerak aztertuko dira, komunitate sareetaz baliatuz Internetera konektatzeko. Honetarako, kontzeptu froga (PoC) bat garatuko da, non LoRaWAN sare bat Guifi.net-en bitartez Internetera konektatuko den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58203,2022-10-27,"Access to justice is closely linked to the fundamental right recognized bythe Spanish Constitution in its article 24 like is the right to effective judicial protection.Starting from the premise that it is considered a fundamental right of all citizens, only those who have economic resources to cover the expenses generated by the exercise of the right to effective judicial protection will not be able to access justice, since this would mean that only those who have sufficient economic means will be able to assert their subjectiveright before the jurisdictional bodies or, what is the same, subject to the jurisdiction of the courts. From the foregoing reflection, based on reasons of material justice, both the order to pay costs and the right to legal aid are justified, by virtue of which the beneficiary of the same will be able to litigate at no cost to their economy. Therefore, in this work we will carry out a study the Free Justice and the procedural costs, concluding with the imposition of costs on the beneficiaries ofther Free Justice.","Justiziarako sarbidea oso estuki dago Espainiako Konstituzioak bere 24 artikuluan aitortzen.duen oinarrizko eskubidearekin babes judizial eraginkorra izateko eskubidea baita Herritar guztien oinarrizko eskubidetzat guztien hartzen den permisatik abiatuta, babes judizial eraginkorra izatek eskubidearen egikaritzeak sortutak gastuei aurre egiteko baliabide ekonomikoak dituztenek bakarrik ezin izango dute juztiziara sartu, horrek esan nahiko luke soilik haliabide ekonomiko nahikoak dituztenak beren eskubide subjektiboa aldarrikatu ahal izango dutela jurisdikzio-organoen aurrean edo dena den auzitegietara jo ahal izango dute. Aurreko hausnarketatik, justizia materialeko arrazoietan oinarituta, hai kostuak ordaintzeko agindua bai legezko laguntza jasotzeko eskubidea justifikatzen dira, eta horren bidez horren onuradunak bere ekonomiari inolako kosturik gabe apaitua ahal izango du. Horregatik, lan honetan Doako Justizia zein prozesu-kostuen azterketa sakona egingo dugu, Doako JUstizia onuradunei kostuak ezartzearekin amaitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20993,2012,"The First Symposium on Victimology (Jerusalem, 1973) was the point of departure for the concept of Victimology and victim, as well as the relation between both. The new scientifi c and victimological focus brought a new dimension to the nature of penal reaction and led to the inclusion of mechanisms of reparation for damage suffered by direct and indirect victims. In the same way that Criminology brought a new dimension to Penal Law in the XIX century, when Cesare Lombroso placed the “offender and the study of his personality” at the heart of the debate, Victimology leads us to consider, among other things, what mechanisms must be created to provide a solid base for the creation of a penal system that is protective of human rights, beyond the “Penal Right of the Enemy”.","Biktimologiari buruzko lehenengo symposium a (Jerusalem, 1973) abiapuntua izan zen biktomologiaren eta biktimaren kontzeptuari dagokienez, baita bien arteko harremanari dagokionez ere. Halaber, ikuspuntu zientifi ko biktimologiko berriak zigor-erreakzioaren izaera birdimentsionatzeko eta kaltea konpontzeko mekanismoak hartzeko balio izan zuen, zuzeneko eta zeharkako biktimentzat. Kriminologiak XIX. mendean zigor zuzenbidea birdimentsionatu zuen, Cesare Lombroso kriminologoak eztabaidaren erdigunean jarri baitzuen “gaizkilea eta haren nortasunaren ikerketa”. Era berean, biktimologiak kontuan hartzea eragiten digu, besteak beste, zer mekanismo sortu behar diren giza eskubideak babesten dituen zigor- sistema bat oinarritzeko eta eratzeko, “Etsaiaren Zigor Zuzenbidetik” harago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25351,1999,"After the statement of the European Council position, through the analysis of some of this Recommendations, relating to the economical delinquency, the difficulty of define this concept is standed out. Likewise, it is explained the projection of this kind of criminality in the Penal Code of 1973, in the reform projects and the Law 8/1983 of june the 25th, and a specific reference to the penal protection of the consumers.","Europako Kontseiluak, Kriminalitatea arlo ekonomikoan tratatzen duen Gomendazioen analisi bat egin eta gero, kriminalitatea arlo ekonomikoan argi eta zuhur definitzeko zailtasunak azpimarratzen dira. Hau hala izanik, 1973-ko Kode penalean, eraberritze proiektuan eta 8/1983 Lege Organikoan duen proiekzioa aztertzen da. Bukatzeko, kontsumitzaileen babes penalari eginen zaio erreferentzia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53928,2021-11-22,"This End-of-Degree Project focuses on the gender perspective at constitutional field. Particularly, the study of whether women are subjects or objects of law in the constituent processes. To this end, the history of constitutionalism will be reviewed, starting with the birth of the subject's legal-political field and then moving on to the historical development of Spanish Constitutionalism. Throughout the project, we introduce a feminist methodology in order to highlight some of the proposals that can be made to make women a real subject and thus make the legal order possible for real equality between women and men.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan eremu konstituzionalean eta genero ikuspegiaren arloetako interesgune bati heltzen zaio: prozesu konstituziogileetan emakumeek zuzenbidearen subjektu edo objektu diren aztertzea, horretarako, konstituzionalismoaren historia errepasatuko da abiapuntua subjektuaren eremu juridiko-politikoaren jaiotzan kokatuz eta ondoren Espainiar Konstituzionalismoaren ibilbide historikora igaroz, emakume konstituziogileen papera gogoraraziz. Lan osoa metodologia feministaren ikuspegitik garatuko da, emakume benetako subjektu bilakatzeko eman daitezkeen zenbait proposamen azalaraziz eta horrela ordenamendu juridikoan, emakume eta gizonen arteko berdintasun erreala posible izan dadin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63073,2023-06-08,"Dismissal without cause is an unlawful phenomenon present in labor relations. The most relevant aspects that arouse the interest of this work are, on the one hand, the current classification of unjustified dismissal as inappropiate and not as null; and, on the other hand, the compensation that corresponds to it according to that classification. In this sense, we will analyze the characteristics of the compensation and whether it is appropriate to recognize a complementary compensation to repair all the possible injuries caused to the dismissed worker","Arrazoirik gabeko kaleratzea lan-harremanetan dagoen fenomeno alegala da. Honako hauek dira lan honen interesa pizten duten alderdi garrantzitsuenak: batetik, justifikaziorik gabeko kaleratzea bidegabetzat jotzen da gaur egun, eta ez baliogabetzat; eta, bestetik, kalifikazio horren arabera dagokion kalte-ordaina. Ildo horretan, kalte-ordainaren ezaugarriak aztertuko dira, eta ea bidezkoa den konpentsazio osagarri bat aitortzea, langile kaleratuari eragindako balizko lesio guztiak konpontzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25430,1999,"The witness’ Psychology is a highly complicated doctrine which field of interest is very extensive. After a brief explanation about its field of study, three main chapters are tackled: lie’s evaluation, witness’ evaluation and children’s evidence. Nowadays the credibility’s determination seems to escape human capacities, but witness’ Psychology had opened a way in this matter.","Lekukotzaren Psikologia, gai konplexua da eta sortzen duen interesa oso zabala da. Bere ikas eremua laburki azaldu ondoren, hiru kapitulu nagusi aztertzen dira: gezurraren ebaluaketa, lekukotzaren ebaluaketa eta haurraren lekukotza. Lekukotzaren Psikologiak sinesgarritasuna zehazteko bide berri bat ireki du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72736,2025-02-13,"This project’s first goal is to study the public collective equipment that would be needed in the Amezola neighbourhood, located in the district of Recalde in Bilbao. On the other hand, based on the information obtained above, the second aim of the assignment is to propose a design that adapts to the use that has been established in the vacant plot after the transfer of the University School of Technical Industrial Engineering to the area of San Mames in 2012 and calculate the basic structure thereof, from the Technical Code for Buildings (TCB) as well as the General Plan of Urban Management of Bilbao (GPUM) and using the engineering software CYPE.","Proiektu honen lehenengo helburua, Bilbon, Errekalde distrituan kokatzen den Ametzola auzoan beharrezkoak izan liratekeen ekipamendu kolektibo publikoen azterketa egitea da. Bestalde, lanaren bigarren helburua, aurretik lortutako informazioa baliatuz, Industria Ingeniaritza Teknikoko Unibertsitate Eskola (IITUE) 2012. urtean San Mames ingurura lekualdatzean hutsik geratutako orubean ezarritako erabilerara egokitzen den diseinua proposatzea eta honen oinarrizko egitura kalkulatzea da, Eraikuntzako Kode Teknikoan (EKT) zein Bilboko Hirigintza Antolamenduko Plan Orokorrean (HAPO) oinarrituz eta CYPE ingeniaritza softwarea erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21003,2017-03-20,"In this Work of End of Degree (WED), the process that Itelazpi S.A. is conducting for the planning, installation and launching of the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT) multiplex MPE4 and MPE5 in the Autonomous Community of Euskadi is analyzed. The planning of the project and the budget are also analyzed before the installation, then, the launching and the validation of the equipment that will be installed once the Basque Government orders.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) honetan, Itelazpi S.A.-k Lurreko Telebista Digitalaren (LTD) MPE4 eta MPE5 multiplex-ak hedatzeko plangintza, instalazio eta martxan jartzea burutzen ari den prozesua jorratzen da. Instalazioak egin aurretik, proiektuaren plangintza eta aurrekontua aztertzen dira, geroago martxan jartzeko prozesua eta ekipamendu balidazioa egiteko, behin eta Eusko Jaurlaritzaren enkargua jasota." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25269,2001,"The family violence is a complex situation that to be solved must be object of a different approach in the education and training process, being totally necessary the penalizing mechanisms. The need to inform the victims of these crimes is a priority question, so that they can know the importance of their rights as well as the consequences of taking a legal action from the point of view of the process. In this sense, the legal operators’ formation is essential to treat the victims suitably and to obtain therefore an improvement in the quality of the assistance.","Familia barruko biolentzia oso gai konplikatua da eta ebatzi ahal izateko, edukazio prozesuan eta pertsonaren formakuntzan era ezberdinez tratatu behar da, era berean beharrezkoak izanik zigor erreakziobide legalak. Lehen mailako bihurtzen da delitu horien biktimak behar izaten duten informazioa beraien eskubideak zein diren jakin dezaten eta aurkeztu duten salaketak izango dituzten ondorioak ezagutu ditzaten. Operadore juridikoen formakuntza era berean, behar beharrezkoa bilakatzen da, biktima horiek behar bezala aintzat hartzeko eta lan horretan kalitate handiagoarekin jokatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14015,2015-01-16,"The self-concept has a vital importance in the development of the individual, for that reason in this project an intervention is designed and implemented in order to acquire a well-adjusted self-concept. Therefore, some dynamics are carried out in a concrete class-group and time. Moreover, in order to assess the possible differences, various measurement tools are used both before the intervention and after it. Finally, some differences can be observed, which highlight the importance and possible effectiveness of programmes that are based on this construct, more than showing big changes in the students.","Autokontzeptua gizabanakoaren garapen egokia bermatzeko giltzarri denez, lan honetan esku-hartze prozesu bat diseinatu eta aurrera eramaten da autokontzeptu egokitu bat lortzeko asmotan. Horretarako, zenbait dinamika burutzen dira talde-gela eta denbora espezifikoetan. Gainera, neurketa tresna batzuk erabiltzen dira esku-hartzearekin hasi aurretik eta baita bukatzean ere, hauen helburua aldaketa posibleak ebaluatzea delarik. Azkenik zenbait aldaketa antzeman dira, ikasleriaren autokontzeptuan aldaketa nabarmenak islatu baino, aztergai dugun kontzeptua lantzen duten programen garrantzia eta eraginkortasun posiblea adierazten dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20018,2016-12-29,"Telling stories to children has been considered very important, even in formal education. In this work oral techniques used in story accounting or reading were studied, by means of a theoretical and practical approach examining recorded stories. This corpus of three stories by the well-known storytelling Koldo Amestoy has been analyzed describing speed, breaks made by the storyteller, volume and intonation. To analyze it the theoretical criteria has been predicted and then tested if they agreed or not; describing through communication strategies the cases that did not coincide. In this way, teachers will know how to use strategies when telling stories, turning the story telling into something much more meaningful.","Haurrei ipuinak kontatzea oso garrantzitsutzat jo izan da, baita hezkuntza formalean ere. Lan honetan ipuinak kontatzean edota irakurtzean erabiltzen diren ahozko teknikak ikertu dira, hurbilpen teoriko-praktikoa eginez eta grabatutako ipuinen corpusa aztertuz. Corpus hori osatu da Koldo Amestoy ipuin kontalari ezagunaren hiru ipuinekin, eta bertan erabiltzen dituen abiada, eten kopurua, bolumena eta intonazioa aztertu dira. Horiek irizpide teoriko batzuen arabera corpusean aurresan dira. Ondoren, entzunaldien bitartez, azaldu da irizpide horiekin bat etorri den edo ez; bat etorri ez diren kasuetan komunikazio estrategien bidez deskribatuz. Horrela, irakasleak estrategiak ipuin kontaketan erabil ditzake, ipuin kontaketa askoz esanguratsuago bihurtuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29461,2018-10-31,"The characteristics of passive houses have been described in this Final Degree Paper anda study of the thermodynamic variables of the external walls of Holland, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Luxenburg and Spain has also been carried out. The variables analysed have been defined and the effect of these variables and the climatic zone on passive houses has also been studied. The following databases have been used to obtain the data of 3 the houses: Passive House Database and Zebra 2020. In addition, apart from studying the most commonly used thermal insulations, the economic cost of these have also been discussed and the results and conclusions of the work carried out have been revealed.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Herbehereak, Suitza, Txekiar Errepublika, Luxenburgo eta Espainiako passive house-en ezaugarriak deskribatu dira eta kanpoaldeko hormen aldagai termodinamikoen ikasketa egin da. Aztertutako aldagai guztiak definitu eta azaldu dira eta aldagaien eta zonalde klimatikoaren eragina ere aztertu da. Etxebizitzen datuak lortzeko, Passive House Database eta Zebra 2020 datu baseak erabili dira. Gainera, isolatzaile termiko erabilienak aztertzeaz aparte, hauen kostu ekonomikoa jorratu da eta egindako lanaren emaitza eta ondorioak eman dira. Hizkuntza: Euskara" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19603,2016-11-24,"The aim of this project is to meet the technical requirements of an interdisciplinary research work which objective is to assess if the performance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) suppression methods is good enough for the correct diagnosis of the filtered electrocardiogram (ECG) by medical personnel. To carry out this project a database was composed of 822 segments extracted from a large database containing 238 episodes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest episodes. To extract the segments, a graphic user interface has been developed, which is able to automatically extract the segments of interest. It also displays the ECG and the compression depth signals. It also allows the user to review manually these segments. The database contains ECG signals partially corrupted by CPR artifact. In order to suppress the CPR artifact these segments have been processed using a least mean square (LMS) adaptive filter. Once the artifact was eliminated, a second graphic interface was developed to allow the display of the filtered ECG, so that the physicians could annotate the underlying rhythm. Once the annotation process is done, the results will be analyzed to determine if the rhythm annotations are correct and to assess the agreement between reviewers. The contributions that have been made in this project are the design and development of the two tools mentioned above and a database useful for future studies. The first tool allows to automatically extract segments from cardiac arrest episodes. It also allows the user to manually review those segments and to add or delete segments. The second interface allows the annotation of the rhythm presented in ECG, making easy the comparison of annotations of different medical reviewers.","Proiektu honetan ikerkuntza beharrizan batzuk bete egingo dira. Helburua hemen hurrengoa da: ebaluatzea bihotz-biriketako berpizteak (BBB) elektrokardiograman (EKG) sortutako interferentzia ezabatzeko tekniken eraginkortasuna ikuspuntu mediku batetik. Hau da, aztertu nahi da ea medikuak gai diren iragazitako EKG-a (interferentzia ezabatu zaion EKG alegia) era egokian ebaluatzen. Proiektu honetarako 822 segmentuz osatutako datu base bat sortu da. Segmentu horiek atera dira datu base handi batetik, zeina 238 ospitaletik kanpo gertatutako bihotz-biriketako geldiketa episodioz osatuta dagoen. Segmentuak ateratzeko interfaze grafiko bat sortu egin da, zeina segmentuak era automatiko batean ateratzeko gai den. Horretaz aparte, interfazea EKG eta sakaden sakontasun seinaleak bistaratzeko gai da, eta segmentu horiek eskuz berrikusteko aukera ematen du. Proiektu honetan erabiliko den datu basea BBB interferentziaz kutsatutako EKG seinalez osaturik dago. Horiek ezabatzeko, segmentuak prozesatuko dira iragazki moldakor batekin, least mean square (LMS) iragazkia hain zuzen ere. Behin interferentzia ezabatuta, bigarren interfaze grafiko bat sortu da medikuek iragazi osteko EKG seinalearen erritmoa zehazteko. Era honetan, mediku desberdinetatik lortutako emaitzak komunean jarri eta konpara daitezke. Proiektu honetan egindako ekarpenak orain arte aipatutako bi tresnen diseinua eta garapena da. Bestalde, etorkizunean beste ikerkuntza proiektuetan erabilgarria izan daitekeen datu base bat sortu da. Lehenengo tresnak, edozein bihotz-biriketako geldiketa episodioan mozketak egitea ahalbidetzen du era automatikoan. Gainera, interfazeak aukera ematen du ere: mozketa horiek eskuz berrikusteko, mozketa gehigarriak egiteko, eta mozketak ezabatzeko. Bigarren interfazeak, bihotz erritmoa determinatzea ahalbidetzen du. Modu honetan, mediku desberdinen diagnostikoa lor daiteke eta haien diagnostikoen arteko konparazioa egin daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26152,1992,it is explained the meaning of the Criminology and the legislative penal policy and it is brought out the difficulty and the importance of the criminological research and its role in the criminal policy praxis.,"Kriminologiaren eta penal-legegintza politikaren garrantziaz adieratzen da eta azaltzen da ere, kriminolojiko ikerketak daukan zailtasuna era ardura; eta bere garrantzitasuna kriminal politika egiterakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21006,2017-03-21,"In the following degree, final project, it is presented a design and study of an ecological craft beer production plant. After analyzing the market status in the province and the multiple possible options, a production process adapted to the business characteristics is designed. After the process design, the different environmental impacts originated in this process are studied focus on providing different mitigation systems for them. Finally, the whole designed system will be analyzed in order to determine its economic viability in the proposed business.","Jarraian aurkezten den gradu amaierako lan honetan, jatorri ekologikoa eta artisau-jatorria duen garagardoa ekoizteko instalazio baten diseinua eta ikerketa egiten da. Merkatua probintzian, eta aukera ezberdinak aztertu eta gero, artisau-jatorria duen produkzio prozesu egoki bat diseinatu egiten da saltokiaren ezaugarrien arabera. Produkzio sistema diseinatu ondoren, sistema honek ingurumenean ekarri ahal dituen inpaktu ezberdinak aztertzen dira, gero inpaktu horiek gutxitzeko beharrezkoak diren neurriak diseinatzeko. Bukatzeko, sistema osoaren egingarritasun ekonomikoa aztertuko da, errentagarritasuna frogatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59528,2023-01-26,"In recent years, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) have been evolving and improving their performance. This work focuses on the European geolocation system, called Galileo, and consists of the design and implementation of a demonstrator of the signals transmitted by the satellites of this system. First of all, the signals used in this system are described and a software is developed to simulate them using the Matlab program. For this purpose, the relevant elements for the generation of each signal are studied, such as PRN codes, modulations, multiplexing schemes and subcarriers. The results of the obtained signals are contrasted with the theory provided by the European Space Agency. The signals can be handled by the graphic interface of the demonstrator, in which different functionalities have been incorporated so that an external user (student) can simulate and represent the signals of the Galileo navigation system and learn about them. In order to make the handling of the demonstrator easier for the student, a user manual is created where each step in the interface is explained in detail.","Azken urteetan, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System)ren prestazioak garatzen eta hobetzen joan dira. Lan hau Europako geolokalizazio sistemaren sateliteek transmititzen dituzten seinaleen erakusle bat diseinatzean eta implementatzean datza, Galileo deritzona. Lehenik eta behin, sistema honetan erabiltzen diren seinaleak deskribatzen dira eta Matlab programaren bidez simulatzeko gai den software bat garatzen da. Horretarako, seinale bakoitza sortzeko elementu garrantzitsuenak aztertzen dira, hala nola PRN kodeak, modulazioak, multiplexazio-eskemak eta azpieramaileak. Lortzen diren seinaleak Europako Espazio Agentziak adierazitako datu teorikoekin alderatzen dira. Seinaleak erakuslearen interfaze grafikoaren bidez maneiatu daitezke, non hainbait funtzionalitate txertatzen diren, erabiltzaile batek (ikasleak) Galileoren seinaleak simulatu eta irudikatu ahal izateko, beraietaz ikasiz. Erakuslearen erabilera ikaslearentzat erraza izan dadin, erabiltzaile eskuliburu bat idatziko da, interfazean egin beharreko urrats bakoitza zehatz-mehatz azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14438,2015-02-17,"The aim of this project is the development of a software to control a sensorized mannequin, with the goal of promoting research on the area of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. To develop this control system a mannequin was used, equipped with sensors to record the most important parameters in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A National Instruments DAQ card was the interface between the sensors and the control system. Following this scheme, the main functionalities of this software are to transfer an electrocardiogram signal to the mannequin to simulate the mannequin's heart, to visualize and store the information obtained from the sensors in real time and to reproduce previously recorded registers. The main reasons for developing this software are the improvement CPR quality and to improve the understanding of how the CPR artifact in the ECG is generated in the skin-electrode interface. Ultimately, the goal is to promote the development of tools to improve the surveillance of patients who suffer cardiac arrests. In fact, cardiac arrest is one of the most important causes of death in developed countries.","Lan honen helburua, sentsorizatutako panpina kontrolatzeko software bat garatzea da, bihotz biriketako berpiztearen inguruko ikerkuntza sustatzeko helburuarekin. Kontrol hau aurrera eramateko bihotz biriketako berpiztearen inguruko kalitate parametro garrantzitsuenak jasotzen dituzten sentsoreekin hornitutako panpina bat erabili da, softwarearen eta panpinaren sentsoreen arteko interfaze gisa NI-DAQ National Instruments-eko txartela erabili delarik. Eskema honi jarraituz, software honek eskaintzen dituen funtzionalitate garrantzitsuenak hurrengoak dira: panpinaren bihotza simulatuko duen elektrokardiograma seinale bat panpinara transferitzea, sentsoreetatik lortutako informazioa biltegiratzea eta denbora errealean bistaratzea eta aurretiaz grabatutako erregistroen erreprodukzioa. Software hau garatzearen arrazoi nagusiak, bihotz biriketako berpiztearen kalitatea hobetzea eta elektrodoen eta pazientearen azalaren arteko kontaktuak elektrokardiograman sortzen duen interferentzia ezaugarritzea dira, bihotz-geldiunea pairatzen duen pazientearen bizi-iraupena handituko duten tresnen garapena sustatuz. Izan ere, bihotz-heriotza da herrialde garatuenen lehen heriotza-arrazoia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29259,2018-10-23,"Summary (English): Formula 1 is the pick of automobilism, and Formula Student, the principal students’ motorsport competition. The first one is rigidly ruled by the International Automobilism Federation, while the second one allows the development of innovative solutions with almost no restrictions. For this reason, in this thesis it is presented the path for the design of a suspension focussed on a students’ competition, based on the designs used in current Formula 1. But before arriving to a certain geometry and elements, this thesis starts studying all the common and competition suspension typologies, with the aim of understanding the development of these systems in a better way and its evolution along the time until arriving to the current situation. After this previous analysis, it is decided that the double wishbone suspension is the most suitable one for a single seater, thanks to all the possibilities that it offers referring to modifications. And it will use the same configuration as a Formula 1, excepting some modifications which are consequence of the difference between both type of vehicle. Hereunder, some of the main features of the single seater for which this system has been designed are shown: • Suspension travel in bound and rebound: 25.4 mm (specified in Formula Student’s rules) • Roll angle: 1.5º, typical value for this type of single seaters • Steering travel: 25 mm, typical value for this type of single seaters • Wheelbase: 1530 mm, low value, as circuits have short straights and closed corners • Track: 1220 mm, high value to reduce centre of gravity’s height • Mass: sprung 170 kg, driver 70 kg, unsprung 40 kg, aerodynamic load 60 kg • Height of centres of gravity: 270 mm in sprung mass, recommended value for these type of vehicles, and 264.8 mm for the whole mass • Tyre size: 10 inches • Weight balance: 42.95 % in the front axis, adjustable with setups • Brake balance: 60 % in the front axis, 80 % for the brake test, adjustable with setups Once the vehicle’s features have been set, based on real data and rules, the scope of the project is studied, where all the tubes that include the suspension will be designed, including the tie rod, push rod, whole wishbones and rocker (all the elements with S355 steel, due to its high strength). Apart from that, it will be chosen the most suitable damper for the vehicle, and all the data needed for the manufacturing of a torsion spring (used as an elastic element) will be calculated. Therefore, the links between all the elements will not be designed (bolted and welded connections). After setting all the initial conditions, a kinematic analysis is run by using Lotus Suspension Analysis software, where the geometry of the suspension is obtained based on the handling of the vehicle that is wanted to be achieved. Once adequate results have been obtained, with all the parameters inside the stablished boundaries, emphasising the changes in camber and toe angles (with low variations), and roll centre’s height (always above the ground), this stage is concluded and it can be started with the following one, the dynamic analysis. The next analysis consists on running different simulations based on real situations that the vehicle will have to face, with the aim of obtaining the reactions that will suffer each element and dimension them. For this purpose, the Adams Car software will be used, as it is specialized on vehicle’s simulations and can recreate all the single seater’s and surroundings features with great accuracy. But, as this project lacks of the data of a whole real car, a model provided by the company in charge of the development of the software, MSC Software, is used, adapting it to the design features that have been mentioned. This model shows some limitations that have affected to some elements from the design, like the need of producing a torsion spring that can deal with big deformations. Even tough, the results obtained are correct and have been obtained by running the following simulations: • Brake test with a brake balance of an 80 % in the front axis • Constant radius turning • Simulation of different types of braking around a real Formula Student circuit, with the aim of studying the behaviour of the suspension against fatigue Once all the forces have been calculated, all the elements mentioned in the scope are designed, using the finite element method in Ansys Workbench (and manual calculus when possible), by increasing loads with a safety factor of 1.2 and reducing the material’s fatigue limit with modifying coefficients. The results achieved are as follows: • Lower wishbone: tube with an outer diameter of 10 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, with low range for optimization • Upper wishbone: tube with an outer diameter of 12 mm and a thickness of 1 mm, also optimized • Tie rod and push rod: they use the same tube as the lower wishbone, to seize material, and have a great safety factor • Rocker and rocker-axis: the rocker has been designed with a big central hole (which could still be optimized in some zones), while the rocker-axis has been designed with a specific safety factor, since the features of the link with the torsion spring cannot be determined • Torsion spring: all the data needed for its manufacturing is calculated, based on the twist that will support Finally, the possible next updates of the suspension are presented, among the ones spotlight seizing completely all the possibilities that Adams Car offers (with more real-situation-based simulations) and the future replacement of the material of some of the elements, changing S355 steel with carbon fibre, apart from calculating all the welding, links and accomplishing all the tests needed to end with the validation of the system.","Laburpena (euskara): 1 Formula automobilismoaren gunea da, eta Formula Student, ikasle auto lehiaketa nagusia. Lehengoa Automobilismo Internazionalaren Federazioa eraentzen du, eta bitartean, bigarrena ia murrizketa gabeko soluzio berritzaileen garapena baimentzen du. Arrazoi honengatik, proiektu honetan ikasle-lehiaketa batentzako esekiduraren diseinurako bidea aurkezten da, gaur egungo 1 Formulan erabilitako diseinuetan oinarrituta. Baina geometria mota eta elementu zehatz batzuetara ailegatu baino lehen, konpetizio eta ohiko esekidura tipologia guztiak aztertzen hasten da, sistema auhen garapena eta eboluzioa denboran zehar gaur egungo egoerara iritsi arte hobeto ulertzeko mugarekin. Aurretiko azterketa honen ondoren, trapezio bikoitzeko esekidura monoplaza batentzako hobeto moldatzen dena erabakitzen da, aldaketen alde eskaintzen dituen posibilitateei esker. Eta 1 Formula baten konfigurazioa erabiliko du, bi monoplaza moten ezaugarrien desberdintasunen ondorio diren aldaketa batzuk izan ezik. Jarraian, sistema hau erabiliko duen monoplazaren ezaugarri nagusiak azaltzen dira: • Esekiduraren ibiltartea botean eta re-botean: 25,4 mm (Formula Student-en arauetan zehaztuta) • Roll Angle (monoplazaren kulunka angelua): 1,5º, monoplaza hauentzako ohiko balioa • Direkzioaren ibiltartea: 25 mm, monoplaza hauentzako ohiko balioa • Bataila: 1530 mm, balio txikia, zirkuitoak zuzen motzak eta kurba itxiak dituztelako • Bidea: 1220 mm, balio handia grabitate zentroaren garaiera murrizteko • Masak: esekituta 170 kg, gidaria 70 kg, ez-esekituta 40 kg, karga aerodinamikoa 60 kg • Grabitate zentroen garaiera: 270 mm masa ez-esekituan, monoplaza hauentzako gomendaturiko balioa, eta 264,8 mm masa osoan • Pneumatikoen tamaina: 10 pulgada • Banaketak: pisua, 42,95 % aurretiko ardatzean; balaztatzea, 60 % aurretiko ardatzean eta 80 % aurretiko ardatzean balaztatze test-arako. Bi parametroak aldatu daitezke doikuntzen bidez Monoplazaren ezaugarriak benetako arau eta datuetan oinarrituz, proiektuaren norainokoa aztertzen da: esekiduraren tubo guztiak diseinatu dira, hau da, push rod-a, tie rod-a, trapezioak eta rocker-a (pieza guztiak altzairu S355 erabiliz, bere erresistentzia handiari esker). Gainera, motelgailu hoberena ere hautatuko da, eta elementu elastiko bezala erabiliko den tortsio malguki bat fabrikatzeko behar diren datuak kalkulatuko dira. Orduan, ez dira elementuen bitarteko loturak diseinatuko (soldadurak eta torlojugintza). Behin aurretiko baldintza guztiak finkatuta, analisi zinematiko bat egiten da Lotus Suspension Analysis software-arekin, ibilgailuaren bilaturiko jokaeran oinarrituta esekiduraren geometria lortzeko. Emaitza egokiak lortu ondoren, parametro guztiak ezarritako limiteen artean (gurpilen eraso eta erori angeluak bariazio txikiekin eta monoplazaren kulunka zentroa beti lurraren gainean), etapa hau bukatutzat ematen da eta hurrengoa planteatzen da, analisi dinamikoa. Ondorengo analisian egiazko egoerak simulatzen dira esekiduraren elementuen erreakzioak lortzeko eta haietan oinarrituta elementu bakoitza diseinatzeko. Arrazoi honengatik, etapa honetan Adams Car software-a erabiliko da, ibilgailuen simulazioetan espezializatuta, eta kotxearen ezaugarri guztiak eta ingurua zehaztasun handiarekin erreplikatzeko gai baita. Baina, monoplaza guzti baten datuak ez daudenez, ondorioz, MSC Software enpresak (Adams Car-en garatzailea) errazturiko modelo bat erabiltzen da, ezaugarrik batzuk aldatuz diseinutako kotxearen sistemari moldatzeko. Hala ere, modelo hau diseinuaren elementu batzuei eragin dioten eragozpen batzuk dauzka, adibidez, deformazio handiak baimentzen dituen tortsio malguki bat fabrikatzeko beharra. Dena den, emaitzak positiboak izan dira eta ondorengo simulazioetan oinarrituta lortu dira: • Balaztatze testa aurretiko ardatzean 80 % balaztatze banaketarekin • Erradio konstanteko biraketa • Balaztatze ezberdin batzuen simulazioa, Formula Student-ko egiazko zirkuitu baten aldera, esekiduraren neke portaera aztertzeko Esfortzu guztiak lortu ondoren, norainoan adierazitako elementu guztiak diseinatzen dira, elementu finituen metodoarekin Ansys Workbench-n (eta eskuko kalkuluekin, ahal denean) kargak 1,2-ko segurtasun koefiziente batekin handituz eta materialaren neke limitearen balioa koefiziente aldatzaileen bidez txikituz. Segidan, lortutako emaitzak aurkezten dira: • Beheko trapezioa: 10 mm-ko kanpoko diametroarekin eta 1 mm-ko lodierarekin, optimizaziorako alde txikiarekin • Goiko trapezioa: 12 mm-ko kanpoko diametroarekin eta 1 mm-ko lodierarekin, optimizaziorako alde txikiarekin • Tie rod-a eta push rod-a: beheko trapezioko tubo berdina erabiltzen dute, materiala aprobetxatzeko, eta optimizaziorako alde handia dute • Rocker eta rocker-aren ardatza: alde batetik, rocker-a erdian hustuketa handi batekin diseinatu da (eta gune batzuetan optimizatu daiteke). Bestetik, ardatza segurtasun alde handi batekin diseinatu da, tortsio malgukiarekin daukan loturaren ezaugarriak ezin direlako zehaztu • Tortsio malgukia: fabrikatzeko behar diren datu guztiak kalkulatzen dira, jasango duen biraketan oinarrituz Amaitzeko, sistema hobetzeko eman ahal diren pausuak aurkezten dira, eta haien artean hurrengoak nabarmentzen dira: Adams Car-en posibilitate guztiak aprobetxatu (egiazko kondizioetan oinarritutako simulazio gehiagoekin), elementu batzuen materiala aldatzea (karbono-zuntza altzairuaren ordez), soldadura eta lotura guztiak kalkulatzea eta sistemaren balidazioarekin amaitzeko behar diren saiakuntza guztiak egitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17681,2016-03-16,"The aim of this work has been the analysis and assessment of the use of the Basque dances on Primary schools and videos appearing in Youtube; and in order to do that analysis I have observed dances made by pupils and groups of Basque dances. For doing this research, I have used the ethnographical online method. The results show that the Primary schools upload few videos of their Basque dances to Internet; and also that the Basque dances help and offer benefits to the pupil´s formation; considering that the Basque dances ask for working some essential aspects for the integral development of the pupils. In addition, the pupils have the option to know and also to enjoy the cultural heritage of their nation.","Lanaren helburu nagusia hauxe izan da: Lehen Hezkuntzako ikastetxeetan gehien dantzatzen diren, eta Youtubeko bideoetan agertzen diren, euskal dantzen erabilera aztertzea eta balioztatzea. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako eskolek eta dantza taldeek ekoiztutako dantzak behatu dira. Ikerketa hau egiteko etnografia birtualaren metodoa erabili da. Emaitzei erreparatuz, esan daiteke, eskoletako dantza gutxi dagoela Interneten, eta euskal dantzek ikasleen formakuntzan onurak edo laguntzak eskaintzen dituztela; izan ere, ikasleen garapen integralean beharrezkoak diren faktoreak lantzea eskatzen baitute. Gainera, euskal dantzei esker, ikasleek bere herriaren ondare kulturala ezagutzeko eta gozatzeko aukera izango dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18688,2008-07-28,"Nowadays the creation of new denominations in specialty areas is a relevant question for minority languages as Basque in which the influence of neology from other more wide spread languages as English or Spanish is significant. This is the main reason that leads us to carry out a study of the neologism formation methods in Basque for specialty languages. It will be developed through the analysis of the health sciences terminology. Our main aim is to conduct an assessment of the adequacy level of the neologisms created in dentistry in Basque to the existing rules as well as the identification of trends concerning specialised neology for this language. In this assessment, we study the linguistic and terminological adequacy, comparing the terminology with the rules and guidelines established in each case by different institutions and important authors. We structure this work in two parts: The first part has theoretical and methodological content. It deals with the neology activity in general and particularly with the case of Basque. We set out some aspects on Basque in the specialties field as well as general questions on terminology, specialty languages and neology. Once this framework has been established, we study the specific methods to form denominations in Basque to finally carry out an analysis of the terms of our corpus work, comprised by texts on dentistry and similar sciences in the Basque language. In the aforementioned analysis, apart from considering the productivity and relevance of the diverse lexicogenetic processes for Basque in this specialty, we also make a reference to the peculiarities of the Basque terminology, as it is the case of the handling of referential adjectives. The second part has a practical-descriptive nature and leads to a multilingual glossary in the dentistry field. Considering the results, the predominant neology trends in the dentistry area can be identified, answering to questions like: Is the formation of words with own resources common in the Basque language? What is the influence of the learned forming elements? To what extent is the transfer of the terminology used in modern languages as French, Spanish or English chosen? Likewise, the distribution of grammatical categories of the terms is analysed and the proportions of the simple terminological units, the simple compounds – with a significant presence in Basque language – and the compounds and syntagmatic structures are compared, specially mentioning the complex syntagms.","Espezialitate alorretan izen berriak sortzea, gaur egun, berebiziko garrantzia duen gaia da euskara bezalako hizkuntza gutxituetan; izan ere azken hauetan, neologiari dagokionez, nabarmena da erabilera zabalagoko ingelesa edo gaztelaniaren eragina. Hori izan da, hain zuzen ere, espezialitate hizkeretarako euskaran neologismoen sorkuntzarako metodoei buruzko ikerketa egitera bideratu gaituen arrazoia. Aipatu ikerketa Osasun zientzien terminologia aztertuz burutu dugu. Odontologian euskaraz sortutako neologismoek indarrean dauden arauetara duten egokitzapen mailaren balioespen bat gauzatzea da gure asmo nagusia, hala nola gure hizkuntzan neologia espezializatuaren arloan gertatzen diren joerak aztertzea. Azterketa honetan ikertu ditugu bai egokitzapen linguistikoa, bai egokitzapen terminologikoa, aurrez aurre jarriz aipatu terminologia kasu bakoitzerako aintzat hartzekoak diren erakundeek, instituzioek eta egileek ezarritako arau eta jarraibideekin. Horretarako gure lana bi zatitan egituratu dugu: Lehenak, eduki teoriko eta metodologikodunak, jarduera neologikoari buruz dihardu, bai zentzu orokorrean, bai bereziki euskarari dagokionez. Bertan espezialitateko euskararen gaineko alderdi zenbait azaldu ditugu, hala nola terminologiari buruzko gai orokorrak, espezialitate hizkuntzak eta neologia. Behin esparru hori ezarrita, euskaraz izenak sortzeko metodo zehatzak aztertu ditugu, azkenik gure lan-corpusean egiaztatutako terminoen azterketa burutzeko; lan-corpus hori euskarazko odontologiari eta antzeko zientziei buruzko testuek osatzen dute. Aipatu azterketan, espezialitate honetan euskararako prozesu lexikogenetikoen emankortasuna eta garrantzia behatzeaz gain, euskarazko terminologiaren hainbat berezitasun aipatu ditugu, adjektibo erreferentzialen jokabidea kasu. Bigarren zatiak jite praktiko-deskriptiboa dauka eta odontologiaren esparruan glosategi eleanitzerako aukera ematen du. Aurkitutako emaitzak ikusita egiaztatu egiten da zein diren odontologia eremuko joera neologiko nagusiak honako galdera hauei erantzunez: Ohikoa da hitz berriak osatzea euskararen beraren baliabideak erabilita? Zein da eratzaile jasoen eragina? Zein neurritan baliatzen da frantsesa, ingelesa edo gaztelania bezalako hizkuntza modernoetan erabiltzen den terminologiaren traslazioa? Eta abar. Era berean, terminoen maila gramatikalen banaketa ere aztertu dugu eta konparatu unitate terminologiko bakunen, konposatu bakunen –euskaraz asko agertzen baitira- eta konposatuen eta egitura sintagmatikoen proportzioak, sintagma konplexuei aipamen berezia eginda." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27349,1998,"The jail is the great one forgotten of the wellfare’s society. The prison doesn’t rehabilitate, and on top wipes out people. In consequence, there are many raised challenges in the penitentiary environment, for exemple how to obtain an equalitarian penal Code, that defends the rihgts of the weakest, or how to overcome the problems that are presents at the judicial pursuit of the sentence. This way, some alternatives to prison could be developed: the execution in terapeutic centers, the mediation, the attendance to the community like “restitution”, the alternative execution and the proving freedom.","Ongizarteko gizartean dagoen gauzarik ahaztuena gartzela da, gartzelak ez lehengoratzeaz gain pertsona deusezten du. Horren ondorioz, baitegi inguruan helburu asko planteatzen dira, adibidez ahulenen eskubideak defendatzen dituen Kode penal berri bat nola lortu, edo epaiaren jarraipen judiziala egiterakoan sortzen diren arazoei aurre nola egin. Hau hala izanik, gartzelari beste irtenbide batzuk garatu beharrean aurkitzen gara: zigorrak osa-bide zentruetan betetzea, bitartekotasuna, itzulera moduan komunitateari laguntzea, beste alternatibak eta probapeko askatasuna." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50171,2021-02-12,"Children receive information on written language from an early age and begin to work on writing in the Early Childhood stage. In order to learn about the initial approach to writing, research has been carried out with the aim of analysing the evolution of four- and five-year-old children. To this end, throughout the course, writings of four and five year old children from an educational centre based on the constructivist model were collected and analysed according to the characteristics of the writing phases in order to describe the evolution. For this, a qualitative methodology has been used. As for the results, it was concluded that all the children have evolved in writing and that the evolution has been quite balanced.","Haurrek txikitatik jasotzen dute hizkuntza idatziaren inguruko informazioa eta Haur Hezkuntzako etapan idazketa lantzen hasten dira. Idazketaren hasierako hurbiltze prozesu horren nondik norakoak gertutik ezagutzeko, ikerketa lan bat egin da lau eta bost urteko haurrek idazketan izandako bilakaera aztertzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako, ikasturtean zehar eredu konstruktibistan oinarritzen den ikastetxe bateko lau eta bost urteko haurren idatziak jaso dira eta idazketa-faseen ezaugarrien arabera aztertu dira bilakabidea deskribatzeko. Hau ahalbidetzeko, metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da. Emaitzei dagokienez, haur guztiek idazketan bilakaera izan dutela ondorioztatu da eta bilakaera nahiko modu orekatuan gertatu dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36506,2019-11-27,"Abstract The Organisation Environmental Footprint (OEF) is a measure of environmental impact assessment to analyse the interaction between organisations and the natural environment. For this purpose, the whole life cycle is taken into account, and the entry and exit flows related to the activity carried out in the organisation (consumptions, emissions, discharges, waste) are computed. The main objective of this work is to carry out the OEF of the Campus of Leioa (University of the Basque Country - UPV/EHU). This work has been carried out thanks to a multidisciplinary team formed by teaching and research staff, service administration staff and students of the UPV / EHU, within the Campus Bizia Lab program. This work has followed the ""Organisation Environmental Footprint Guide"" reference proposed by the European Commission in 2013 and ""Analysis of Life Cycle and Carbon Footprint"" of IHOBE. To model the impacts, OpenLCA free software has been used, including the Ecoinvent 3.3 database. Among the conclusions that have been drawn from the analysis are the great impact linked to transportation to the campus and the fact that the majority of impact sources are located outside de Basque Country.","Laburpena Erakundeen Ingurumen Arrastoa ingurumen inpaktuaren analisia burutzeko neurri bat da, erakunde eta ingurumenaren arteko elkarrekintzak aztertzeko. Horretarako, erakundearen bizi ziklo osoa hartzen da kontuan, eta aktibitate honi lotutako sarrera eta irteera fluxuak hartzen dira kontuan (kontsumoak, emisioak, isurketak, hondakinak). Lan honen helburua UPV/EHUko Leioako Campusaren EIA balioztatzea da. Horretarako, lan hau diziplina anitzeko kolektibo bati esker aurrera eraman da Campus Bizia Lab programaren baitan, irakasle, ikerlari, ikasle eta administrazio eta zerbitzuko langilez osatuta. Erreferentziatzat Europar Komisioko 2003ko “Erakundeen Ingurumen Arrastoaren Gida” eta IHOBE-ko “Karbono arrastoa eta bizi zikloaren azterketa” hartu dira. Modelizaziorako OpenLCA software librea erabili da, Ecoinvent 3.3 datu-basea sartuz. Azterketatik ateratako ondorioen artean azpimarra daitezke campuserako garraioari lotutako ingurumen inpaktu nabarmena eta inpaktuen gehiengoa EAEtik kanpo gertatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14010,2015-01-16,"Clubhouse Euskadi is an innovative approach in the field of Social Education, specifically in the field of mental illness. It is a psychosocial rehabilitation model that promotes social inclusion of people in a working environment to achieve the autonomy of them. This is achieved by organizing a day center, based on a collaborative and egalitarian labor among its members and professionals, which promote access to transitional jobs and even independent jobs. Education and leisure are in turn, essential components that affect the period of improvement.","Clubhouse Euskadi Heziketa Sozialaren alorreko proposamen berritzaile bat da, buruko gaixotasunaren eremuan zehazki. Pertsonen sartze soziala lan klima batean, beretara berezko autonomiara heltzeko, bultzatzen duen birgaitze psikosozialeko modelo bat dugu. Honetara heltzen da eguneko zentroko antolaketaren bidez, kideen eta profesionalen arteko lankidetza berdintasunezko lanean oinarrituta, trantsizioko eta barne independenteetako enpleguetarako sarbidea sustuz. Hezkuntza eta aisia hobekuntza-aldian eragiten dieten osagaiak dira berriz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14349,2015-02-05,"The aim of this report is to produce the energy performance certificate of flat from a residential block located in Leioa. Furthermore, different measures, which could improve its thermal behaviour, and their economic viability are analysed.",Txosten honen helburu nagusia Leioan kokatutako pisu baten eraginkortasun energetikoko ziurtagiri lortzea da. Etxebizitzaren portaera termikoa hobetzeko dauden posibilitateak eta haien bideragarritasun ekonomikoa aztertzen da. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/7990,2010-11-19,"Life is a journey sometimes interrupted in a sudden and unexpected way. In 40% of sudden out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases the initially recorded heart rhythm is ventricular fibrillation (VF). The only effective way to treat VF is by procuring a defibrillating electrical shock to the heart. In an out-of-hospital setting, the shock is delivered using an automated external defibrillator (AED), a device capable of analyzing the victim’s electrocardiogram (ECG)to detect if a shockable rhythm is present. Survival from OHCA depends largely on two factors: early defibrillation and early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), which prolongs the window of opportunity for defibrillation. CPR must be stopped for a reliable AED rhythm analysis because chest compressions introduce artifacts in the ECG. Unfortunately, interrupting CPR adversely affects defibrillation success. The use of AEDs in 1 to 8 year olds was approved in 2003. AEDs, which were originally designed for adult patients, must accurately discriminate pediatric arrhythmias to be safely used in children. Several AEDs have been adapted for pediatric use, either by demonstrating that existing adult algorithms accurately diagnose pediatric arrhythmias or by creating specific algorithms to diagnose pediatric arrhythmias. This thesis presents a new AED algorithm designed for adult and pediatric patients together. The algorithm is thoroughly tested using pediatric and adult arrhythmia databases compliant with the American Heart Association (AHA) statements, and on real resuscitation data with and without CPR artifacts. The work started with a long experimental phase in which 1090 pediatric rhythms were retrospectively collected and classified to create a comprehensive database of pediatric arrhythmias. Additionally, an existing adult database was revised and 928 new adult rhythms were collected and classified. The complete dataset is composed of 2782 registers, 1270 were used to develop the algorithm and 1512 to test it. Then, a new AED shock advice algorithm composed of four subalgorithms was designed. These sub-algorithms are based on a set of new arrhythmia detection features derived from several signal domains such as time, frequency, slope or the autocorrelation function. The algorithm exceeded the AHA performance goals for the detection of shockable and non-shockable rhythms both on adult and pediatric arrhythmias. The work concluded with the analysis of the performance of the algorithm for real resuscitation data extracted from a comprehensive database of OHCA episodes. All AHA performance goals were met for artifact-free OHCA rhythms. Then, the performance of the algorithm during chest compressions was assessed, before and after the suppression of the CPR artifact. The CPR artifact was suppressed using a new methodology developed as part of this thesis work. Although shockable rhythms were accurately identified after filtering, non-shockable rhythms were not.","Bizitza bidaia da, batzuetan bat-batean eta ezustean eteten den bidaia. Ospitaletik kanpo gertatzen diren bat-bateko bihotz-biriketako geldiketa-kasuen %40an lehendabizi grabatutako bihotz-erritmoa fibrilazio bentrikularra (FB) da. Bihotzean desfibrilazioa eragingo duen deskarga elektrikoa ematea da FBa tratatzeko modu eraginkor bakarra. Ospitaletik at, kanpoko desfibrilagailu automatikoa (KDA) erabiltzen da deskarga emateko, pazientearen elektrokardiograma (EKG) aztertu eta desfibrilagarriak diren erritmoak detektatzeko gaitasuna duen aparagailua, alegia. Kasu horietan, biziraupena bi faktore hauen menpekoa da: desfibrilazio goiztiarraren menpekoa eta bihotz-biriketako berpizte (BBB) goiztiarraren menpekoa (desfibrilazioa emateko aukera-lehioa luzatzen duena). BBBan ematen diren bular-sakadek interferentzia sortzen dute EKGan; ondorioz, BBBa gelditu behar da KDAk bihotz erritmoa egokiro azter dezan. Tamalez, geldiketa horiek desfibrilazioaren arrakasta maila txikiagotzen dute. KDA-aren erabilera 1 eta 8 urte bitarteko umeekin 2003an onartu zen. Ordura arte paziente helduak tratatzeko diseinatutako KDAk modu zehatzean identifikatu behar dituzte arritmia pediatrikoak, umeekin erabili ahal izateko. Zenbait KDA umeekin erabiltzeko egokitu dira, bi eratara: helduekin erabiltzen diren algoritmoak umeekin ere zehatzak direla frogatuz, eta umeen arritmiak identikatzeko algoritmo bereziak erabiliz. Tesi honetan KDA algoritmo berri bat garatu da, diseinua paziente heldu eta pediatrikoekin batera eginez. Algoritmoa sakon egiaztatu da. Batetik, American Heart Association (AHA) erakundeak ezarritako baldintzak betetzen dituzten helduen eta umeen arritmia datu-baseak erabiliz, eta, bestetik, bihotz-geldiketetan grabatutako arritmiak erabiliz, BBB interferentziaz kutsatutako eta interferentziarik gabeko kasuetan. Tesi-lana atal experimental luze batekin hasi zen. Fase horretan 1090 arritmia pediatriko bildu eta klasifikatu ziren, arritmia pediatrikoen datu-base zabal bat sortuz. Horrez gain, helduen datu-base oso bat berraztertu eta 928 helduen arritmia berri bildu eta klasifikatu ziren. Datu-base osoak 2782 erregistro ditu: 1270 algoritmoa garatzeko erabili ziren eta 1512 algoritmoa egiaztatzeko. Ondoren, lau azpialgoritmoz osatutako algoritmo berria garatu zen. Azpialgoritmoek seinalearen zebait eremutan kalkulatutako parametro berriak erabiltzen dituzte arritmiak etektatzeko; adibidez, denbora, maiztasuna, pendiza edo autokorrelazio-funtzioa. Algoritmo berriak AHAk ezarritako mailak gainditzen ditu erritmo desfibrilagarri eta ez-desfibrilagarriak detektatzeko, paziente pediatriko zein helduekin. Lanaren azken atalean, algoritmo berriak bihotz-geldiketan grabatutako erregistroak identifikatzeko duen ahalmena aztertu zen. BBB interferentziarik gabeko erritmoetan, algoritmoak AHAk ezarritako mailak gainditzen ditu. Ondoren, erritmoak aztertu ziren bular-sakadak ematen ziren bitartean, BBB interferentzia ezabatu aurretik eta ezabatu ondoren. Interferentzia ezabatzeko, tesian zehar garatutako metodo berri bat erabili zen. BBB interferentzia ezabatu ondoren, erritmo desfibrilagarriak modu zehatzean identifikatu ziren; erritmo ez-desfibrilagarriak, ez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60853,2023-04-21,"The present work is focused on developing through nonlinear pedagogy a periodization for the development of the skills of football goalkeepers in a professional womens football environment. For this purpose, the design of the football goalkeepers tasks will be based on the methodological principles of nonlinear pedagogy. The teaching learning process is understood by the interaction between the goalkeeper and the game context. It should be emphasized that acting on the constraints of the task is the main tool of the coach within the nonlinear pedagogy; because, through its manipulation, she can guide the goalkeepers behaviors towards the achievement of the proposed learning objectives.","Lan honen bitartez erakutsi nahi da pedagogia ez linealaren bitartez emakumeen profesional mailako testuinguru batean futboleko atezainen entrenamenduak diseinatzeko trebetasunak garatzeko periodizazioa nola egiten den. Horretarako, futboleko atezainen zereginen diseinua pedagogia ez linealaren printzipio metodologikoetan oinarrituko da. Irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesua atezainaren eta joko egoeren arteko elkarreraginaren bitartez emango da. Azpimarratu behar da, entrenatzailearen tresna nagusia pedagogia ez linealaren barruan mugak direla. Mugen manipulazioaren bidez, proposatutako ikaskuntza helburuak lortzera bidera ditzake." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58174,2022-10-24,"Female genital mutilation is a ritual deeply rooted in the culture of multiple countries that represents a serious violation of the human rights of women, which as a result of migratory phenomena has been extended worldwide. The objective of this research work is to complete an analysis of this practice from its characteristics and cultural importance, to its treatment at a national and international level, focusing on its typification in the Spanish Penal Code. In addition, the various prevention strategies in which health, education and social services professionals are involved will be studied. Key","Emakumeen genitalen mutilazioa herrialde askotako kulturan oso errotuta dagoen erritual bat da, emakumeen giza eskubideen urraketa larria dakarrena. Lan honen helburua praktika honen analisia egitea da, bere ezaugarriak eta garrantzi kulturala kontuan hartuz. Gainera, maila nozional eta internazionalean jasan egiten duen tratamendua ikertuko da, Espainiako Zigor Kodearen tipifikazioan zentratuz. Azkenik, osasun, hezkuntza eta gizarte-zerbitzuetako profesionalak inplikatzen dituzten prebentzioestrategiak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31780,2019-02-28,"During the last few years, there has been a change in the way we understand the world, and the way we communicate. In this new context, ICTs and social networks have acquired a crucial role. Youtube is used by millions of people, especially among teenagers. The aim of this work is to use Youtube as a resource to teach English as a foreign language. This proposal makes students become youtubers by using the video in a didactic context and, this way, developing students´ oral competence. The results claim that this proposal is highly attractive and interesting for pupils, and consequently can be implemented effectively.","Azkenaldian mundua ulertzeko era eta, batez ere, elkar komunikatzeko moduak aldatu dira. Testuinguru berri honetan pisu handia hartu dute IKTek eta sare sozialek. YouTube, batez ere gazteen artean asko erabiltzen den plataforma da. Lan honen helburua YouTube plataforma Atzerriko Hizkuntza ikasteko baliabide eraginkor gisa erabiltzea da. Ikasleak Youtuberrak bilakatzea proposatzen da, ikaskuntza-prozesuan bideoak erabilita ikasleen ahozko gaitasuna garatzeko. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, ikasleei erakargarria eta interesgarria iruditzen zaie eta eraginkortasunez aurrera eraman daiteke Youtuberrak bilakatzearen proposamena, emaitza aberasgarriak lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43115,2020-05-08,"This document is the Final Degree Project to obtain a degree in Industrial Organization Engineering, with the objective of implementing a company that produces and markets surfboards at the industrial level in Bizkaia. The work consists of a feasibility plan in which all the details of the business idea of the implementation of this company will be collected. This document tries to examine the technical and commercial and financial viability of the creation of the Jay Surfboards. Thanks to this document, the analysis and planning of the project will be possible, in addition to serving as a “business card”, with the intention that the entities to whom the financing is requested know the project in an accurately and briefly way.","Agiri hau Industriaren Antolakuntzako Ingeniaritzako Gradua lortzeko Gradu Amaierako Proiektua da. Helburua da taulak Bizkaian industrian sortzen eta merkaturatzen dituen enpresa bat ezartzea. Lanak bideragarritasun plan bat osatzen du eta bertan enpresa hau ezartzeko negozio ideiaren xehetasun guztiak jasoko dira. Dokumentu honek Jay Surfboards konpainiaren sorreraren bideragarritasun teknikoa eta komertziala eta finantzarioa aztertzen saiatzen da. Agiri honi esker, proiektuaren analisia eta plangintza posible izango dira, ""negozio-txartel"" gisa hornitzeaz gain, finantzaketa eskatzen zaien entitateek proiektua zehatz eta labur jakin dezaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29372,2018-10-30,"Inglés - The Internet of Things is a term that will suppose a revolution in the world of telecommunications. Thanks to the massive deployment of every kind of sensors for many different purposes, it is possible to obtain any quantifiable parameter. That information must be send to a receiving point to be transfer to a server in order to be used by an application who needs that data. For this reason, it is necessary the knowledge of the technology that sensors are using. When the needed configuration is known it is impossible to apply this set up for each sensor individually, this must be a general process. This report has concluded which are the most important parameters and factors of the LoRa technology and how they affect to the functioning of the network. This study has obtained this conclusion theoretically and with laboratory tests for the commercial RN 2483 devices. Observing the importance of a correct general configuration of the network in order to offer an IoT network service.","Euskera - Gauzen Internet terminoa deritzogu telekomunikazioen munduko benetako iraultza izateko bidean dagoen prozedurari. Hainbat motatako sentsoreen hedapen masiboari esker parametro kuantifikagarrien edozein datu lor dezakegu. Sentsoreek emandako informazio hori jasotzeko puntura bidaliko da, datuak edozein motatako aplikazioetan erabil daitezen zerbikaria batean gorde behar dira, horregatik informazioa uhinen bidez jasotzeko garrantzi handiko prozesua da. Horretarako, sentsoreek daukaten transmisio-teknologia mota jakin behar da. Beharrezkoa den konfigurazioa ezagutu ondoren, prozedura hau prozesu orokorra izan behar da, prozesu hau sentsoreei banan-banan egitea ezinezkoa izango litzatekelako. Lan honek ondorioztatu du LoRa teknologiaren parametro nagusiak zeintzuk diren eta sarean nola eragiten duten. Azterketa hau RN 2483 moduluen eragiketa teorikoki eta laborategian egin da. Sareko konfigurazio orokorraren garrantzia behatuz IoT sare zerbitzu bat eskaini ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20032,2016-12-29,"This degree´s final project is a qualitative research. In this qualitative essay a subject is understood, described, compared and investigated. This work's purpose is analyzing how tradition is updated and in order to do this Olentzero, which is part of the Basque mythology, is going to be examined. In order to accomplish this investigation, there are different parts in this essay: the information obtained through different sources and documents about the legend of Olentzero, the analysis of the songs which have been assigned to it and the analysis of a modern literary text. Through this work, it can be deduced that the tradition is indeed updated and Olentzero is not an exception.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau azterketa kualitatibo bat da. Lan kualitatibo honetan, gai bat ulertu, deskribatu, konparatu eta aztertzen da. Lan honen helburua tradizioa nola gaurkotzen den ikustea da eta horretarako euskal mitologiaren parte den Olentzeroren kasua aztertzen da bertan. Azterketa hori aurrera eramateko lanean atal desberdinak daude: iturri eta dokumentu desberdinetako Olentzeroren kondairaren buruzko informazioa jasotzen duena, Olentzerori egozten zaizkion kanten analisia eta gaur egungo literatura testu moderno baten analisia. Lan honen bidez ondorioztatu daiteke tradizioa gaurkotu egiten dela eta Olentzeroren kondaira ez dela salbuespen bat izan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21012,2017-03-21,"This project analyses the operation of the hydro-electric power plant of Moncabril, taking into account the main elements that take part in the generation of the process, besides the constructive elements of itself. Finally it is meant to accomplish an improvement in the process of generation of it, including economical costs and its profits.","Lan honen bitartez Moncabrileko central hidroelektrikoko funtzionamendua aztertzen da, generazioan parte hartzen duten elementu garrantzitsuenak kontuan hartuz, egiturazko elementuak barne. Azkenekoz generazio prozesuaren hobekuntza bat irudikatzen da, kostu ekonomiko eta abantailak barne." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59969,2023-02-20,"Among the school activities, the scope of literature as an instrument for the complete training of students, including education in values, can be highlighted. The main aim of this Final Degree Project is to observe the values and countervalues transmitted by the books that children must read compulsorily or voluntarily throughout the school year. With this bibliographic review it is intended not only to raise awareness of the importance of what children read but also to reach an educational improvement in this area.","Eskolako jardueren barruan, literaturak ikasleen prestakuntza osorako tresna gisa duen irismena nabarmendu daiteke, balioetan oinarritutako hezkuntza barne. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia haurrek ikasturtean zehar nahitaez edo borondatez irakurri behar dituzten liburuek transmititzen dituzten balioak eta kontrabalioak behatzea da. Berrikuspen bibliografiko honen bidez, haurrek irakurtzen dutenaren garrantziaz ohartarazteaz gain, esparru horretan hezkuntza-hobekuntza bat lortu nahi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72689,2025-02-13,"In recent decades, electricity consumption has soared dramatically worldwide. This increase in energy demand is expected to continue to rise unchecked. This increased consumption, together with the problems of traditional sources of energy generation from fossil fuels and their direct impact on CO2 emissions, have reactivated the debate on the use of alternatives capable of generating energy without polluting emissions in the process, such as renewable energies or nuclear energy. One of the great problems of nuclear power is the socially widespread fear of nuclear disasters such as the explosion of reactor 4 at Chernobyl in 1986, the detonation of the nuclear bombs at Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, or the tsunami disaster at the Fukushima power plant in 2011. The exposure of atomic power in these cases has led to the rejection of nuclear power in many cases. This project addresses this problem of sustainable electricity generation by focusing on technological developments in nuclear power generation. The review of the different technologies presented here aims to show the improvements that have already been implemented, both in terms of efficiency and safety, and the activities that are being carried out to generate nuclear energy in a safe and sustainable way. This review of technologies will cover different aspects of nuclear energy generation such as the optimisation of fission processes with latest generation reactors, nuclear waste management or energy production by fusion processes. In the optimisation of fission processes, a brief introduction to existing reactor generations will be given, followed by an overview of advances in state-of-the-art reactor designs, including fast breeder neutron reactors designed to produce more fuel than they consume. In terms of waste management, the options used today will be presented and technologies such as advanced conditioning or deep geological disposal strategies carried out by SKB, a Swedish company dedicated to the management and disposal of nuclear waste and fuel, will be examined. Finally, nuclear fusion technology for power generation will be introduced by providing a brief background on fusion and its reactions and explaining the existing designs for a future nuclear fusion reactor. The two ideas for reactor plasma confinement, magnetic confinement and inertial confinement, will be presented, as well as the materials to be used in DEMO, which will be the first approach to the commercialisation of nuclear fusion energy.","Azken hamarkadetan, energia elektrikoaren kontsumoa nabarmen igo da mundu osoan. Energia-eskariaren gorakada horrek gorakada kontrolik gabe jarraitzea espero da. Kontsumo handitu horrek, erregai fosiletatik eratorritako energia-iturri tradizionalen arazoekin eta CO2 isurpenetan duten eragin zuzenarekin batera, beren prozesuan emisio kutsatzailerik gabe energia sortzeko gai diren alternatiben erabilerari buruzko eztabaida piztu dute, hala nola, berriztagarriak edo energia nuklearra. Energia nuklearraren arazo handienetako bat gizartean zabaldutako beldurra da, hondamendi nuklearrek historian uzten duten arrastoaren ondorioz, hala nola Txernobylgo 4. erreaktorearen leherketa 1986an, Hiroshimako eta Nagasakiko bonba nuklearren eztanda 1945ean, edo Fukushimako zentraleko tsunami batek eragindako hondamendia 2011n. Kasu hauetan, botere atomikoaren esposizioak energia nuklearraren gaitzespena ekarri du kasu askotan. Proiektu honek energia elektrikoaren sorkuntza jasangarriaren arazo honi aurre egiten dio, energia nuklearra sortzeko garapen teknologikoetan arreta jarriz. Hemen aurkezten diren teknologia ezberdinen berrikusketak dagoeneko ezarrita dauden hobekuntzak erakutsi nahi ditu, bai eraginkortasunean, bai segurtasunean, eta baita energia nuklearra modu seguru eta iraunkorrean sortzeko egiten ari diren jarduerak ere. Berrikuspen teknologiko honek energia nuklearraren sorreraren hainbat alderdi landuko ditu, hala nola, punta-puntako erreaktoreekin fisio-prozesuen optimizazioa, hondakin nuklearren kudeaketa edo fusio-prozesuen bidez energia-ekoizpena. Fisio-prozesuen optimizazioan, dauden erreaktoreen belaunaldiei buruzko sarrera labur bat egingo da, ondoren azken belaunaldiko erreaktoreen diseinuetan aurrerapenetan sakontzeko, kontsumitzen dutena baino erregai gehiago ekoizteko diseinatutako neutroien erreaktore erreproduzitzaile azkarrak barne. Hondakinen kudeaketari dagokionez, gaur egun erabiltzen diren aukerak aurkeztuko dira, eta hainbat teknologia berrikusiko dira, hala nola egokitzapen aurreratua edo biltegiratze geologiko sakoneko estrategiak, hondakinak eta erregai nuklearra kudeatzen eta ezabatzen dituen SKB enpresa suediarrak egindakoak. Azkenik, energia sortzeko fusio nuklearreko teknologia sartuko da, fusioari eta haren erreakzioei buruzko oinarri labur batzuk emanez, eta etorkizuneko fusio nuklearreko erreaktore baterako dauden diseinuak azalduko dira. Erreaktorearen plasma, konfinamendu magnetikoa eta konfinamendu inertziala konfinatzeko bi ideiak aurkeztuko dira, baita DEMOn erabili beharreko materialak ere, fusio-energia nuklearra merkaturatzeko lehen hurbilketa izango dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19848,2016-12-13,"The main objective of the degree’s finale work is the design of an four bar linkage whose aim is to move the position of the lower tray of a dishwasher to put it higher, in order to make the loading and unloading easier. The idea of having to make less effort to raise the mechanism will be solved by using gas spring. The design will be the first thing of this project which includes a kinematic and dynamic study and determine each element; the last thing of it will be to obtain the finale plans, it will be made by CAD program. Thanks to this, the student will be able to make a mechanism which could help people with physical problems and also gain experience in the mechanic design.","Gradu amaierako lan honen bitartez lauki artikulatu bat diseinatuko da, zeinen helburua ontzi-garbigailuko beheko erretilua posizio garaiago batean kokatzea da, ontzien karga eta deskarga erraztuz. Goratzea malguki prismatiko batzuen bitartez eragingo da, ahalegin txikiagoak beharrezkoak izateko moduan. Diseinatzeko, lehenengo, mekanismoaren ikerketa zinematiko eta dinamikoa egingo da eta elementu guztiak definitu ondoren, CAD programaren bitartez planoak lortuko dira. Lan honen bitartez, ikaslea gai izango da arazo fisikoak dituzten pertsonei lagunduko dion mekanismoaren diseinua lortzen, baita esperientzia lortu mekanismoen diseinuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55038,2022-01-18,"The structural violence perpetrated on women responds to a patriarchal society delimited in the hegemonic world view. Confronting this reality, the Feminist Autodefense contradicts the innate conception of genre roles and raises awareness about the social construction of such. The current research intends to analyze women's necessities and the benefits of the FAD practice. To this end, 10 women who respond to the role of trainers and pupils have been interviewed. Subsequently, a second analysis has been carried out about fear perception of women from different generations. The research shows as its main outcome that FAD has a positive impact on women's well-being and quality of life by strengthening their self-esteem and fighting their fears.","Emakumeen aurkako egiturazko indarkeria kosmobisio hegemonikoan kokatutako gizarte patriarkal bati dagokio. Errealitate horren aurrean, Autodefentsa Feminista kontraesanean dago genero-rolen sortzetiko ikuskerarekin eta rol horien eraikuntza sozialari buruzko kontzientziarekin. Ikerketaren helburua emakumeen beharrak eta ADFren onurak aztertzea da. Horretarako, 10 emakume elkarrizketatu dira, hezitzaile eta ikasle rolari erantzuten diotenak. Ondoren, emakumeek belaunaldi desberdinetan duten beldurraren pertzepzioari buruzko bigarren azterketa bat egin da. Lanaren emaitza nagusia da ADFk eragin positiboa duela emakumeen ongizatean eta bizi-kalitatean, autoestimua sendotzen duelako eta beldurrei aurre egiten dielako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25595,1994,"Present tendencies of research to reach the ctiminological knowledge are explained bringing out comparative studies as the leading method, and beside this some lines of research are explained. In the same way the consequences of this tendencies are expounded and it is shown the importance of Statistics, to conclude pointing out the difficulties to incorporate the penal system to the comparative research.","Ezaguera kriminologikoa lortzeko ikerketaren gaurko tendentziak azaltzen dira, nagusia den ikasbidearekin ikerketa konparatua azpimarratuz, eta ikerketa bide batzuk agertuz. Baila ere tendentzia honen ondorioak adierazi eta Estatistikako garrantzia azpimarratzen dira, ikerketa konparatuan sistema penalaren barneratzearen zailtasunak erakutsiz bukatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20873,2017-03-07,"This project aims to make a study of the technical and economic viability of an implantation of a large comercial establishment which sells all kinds of construction materials in the Basque Country. The project includes a study of all the businesses that currently are being successful and a general study of the factors that can affect the opening of the establishment. The project is based on a technical description of the structure of the establishment to confront correctly the necessities that it will have after being opened and on a description of the organization of the workers. Finally, it is included a study of the economic and viability that would suppose the opening of the establishment and how it could be profitable.","Proiektu honen helburua, Euskal Herrian, eraikuntzarako materialak saltzen dituen tamaina handiko establezimendu baten inplantazioa eta bere bideragarritasun tekniko eta ekonomikoa aztertzea da. Horretarako, gaur egun arrakasta izanten ari duten antzeko establezimenduak eta arrakasta lortzeko kontuan izan behar diren faktoreak aztertu egingo dira. Proiektuaren gorputz gehiena establezimenduaren deskribapen teknikoaz osatuta dago, eta azkenengoz, proiektuan zehar deskribatutako elementuaren bideragarritasun ekonomiko eta finantzieroa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58695,2022-12-09,"In order to address the health crisis caused by COVID-19, the Spanish Government established a series of measures affecting fundamental rights and freedoms, This work will include an analysis of the measures implemented at the beginning of the pandemic, with a particular focus on freedom of movement. Furthermore, the legal dispute arising from these measures will be raised through the judgments of the Constitutional Court and the examination of their individual votes. Given that the pandemic we have experienced has been international, this paper also analyses the measures and resources used by the European States to deal with the consequences of the pandemic, both by each State and by the European Union. Lastly, the Constitutional Court had declared the situation of alarm unconstitutional and the way in which the legislator could deal with similar situations that might occur in the future would be analysed.","COVID-19ak eragindako osasun krisiari aurre egiteko nahian Espainiar Gobernuak zenbait neurri ezarri zituen oinarrizko eskubide eta askatasunei eragiten zizkietenak, lan honetan, pandemia hasieran ezarri ziren neurrien inguruko analisia burutuko da, batez ere, zirkulazio askatasunean oinarrituz. Bestalde, neurri hauek eragindako eztabaida juridikoa azaleratuko da Auzitegi Konstituzionalak emandako epaien eta hauen boto partikularren azterketaren bidez. Nazioarteko pandemia izan denez bizi izan duguna, Europar Estatuek zein neurri eta zein baliabide erabili dituzten pandemiaren ondorioei aurre egiteko ere aztertuko da hemen, bai estatu bakoitzak erabili izan dituenak eta baita ere Europar Batasunak gaixotasunari aurre egiteko egin duena. Bukatzeko, Auzitegi Konstituzionalak, alarma-egoera konstituzio-kontrakotzat jo duenez, etorkizunean gerta litezkeen antzeko egoerei zelan aurre egin diezaiokeen legegileak aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59973,2023-02-20,"The objective of the current study has been to analyse the impact of the Augmented Reality (AR) emerging technology on English language learning in a group of 6th grade students of Primary Education. For this purpose, both a story enriched by Augmented Reality and a set of AR activities have been designed to work on the vocabulary, grammatical structures and phonics of the syllabus. The proposal has been assessed through a pre- and post-test, a survey and observation, and the results have shown that the use of AR integrating storytelling videos, images and audio files has had a positive impact on students’ learning outcomes and motivation levels.","Ikerketa honen helburua Errealitate Areagotua (EA) teknologia berriak ingelesaren ikaskuntzan duen eragina aztertzea izan da Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako ikasle-talde batean. Horretarako, errealitate areagotuarekin aberastutako ipuin bat eta EAren jarduera multzo bat diseinatu dira gai-zerrendako lexikoa, gramatika-egiturak eta fonetika lantzeko. Proposamena aurreko eta osteko test baten, inkesta baten eta behaketaren bidez ebaluatu da, eta emaitzek erakutsi dute EAren erabilerak, ipuin kontagintza bideoak, irudiak eta audio-artxiboak integratuz, eragin positiboa izan duela ikasleen ikaskuntza emaitzetan eta haien motibazio mailan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20038,2016-12-29,"The child is a social being from the moment in which he lives inside a society. Taking into account that the integral development of children is one of the main objectives of Primary Education, it is necessary to help students become critic and active citizens of the society in which they live, and the Social Sciences can be an effective tool to achieve this. For this reason, once that an approach to the history of the Social Sciences in school and their current challenges is made, and in view of the importance that the students identify the functionality of learning them, it has been designed an investigation to know the opinion of a group of students from the sixth grade of Primary Education about the functionality, methodology and motivation of the social sciences in the school. Regarding the results of the investigation, there have been identified the most important needs and, with them in mind, some recommendations have been designed in order to improve the teaching practice in the Social Sciences.(Inglés)","Umea gizarte baten barnean bizi den momentutik, izaki soziala da. Lehen Hezkuntza etapako helbururik nagusienetarikoa umeen garapen integrala izanda, ikasleei bizi diren gizartearen partaide kritiko eta aktiboak izaten lagundu behar zaie, Gizarte Zientziak horretarako laguntza-tresna eraginkorra izan daitezkeelarik. Horregatik, Gizarte Zientzien irakaskuntzaren historiari eta egungo erronka metodologikoei hurbilpen bat egin ondoren eta ikasleak Gizarte Zientzien funtzionaltasuna identifikatzearen garrantzia ikusita, Lehen Hezkuntzako seigarren mailako ikasle-talde batek eskolako Gizarte Zientzien funtzionaltasuna, irakaste-metodologia eta motibazioaren inguruan duten iritzia ezagutzeko ikerketa bat diseinatu egin da. Ikerketa horren emaitzak kontuan hartuz, Gizarte Zientzien irakaskuntzaren premia nagusiak identifikatu dira eta hezkunta-praktika hobetzeko zenbait gomendio zehaztu dira.(Euskara)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50734,2021-03-22,"This work is a End of Grade Project in which the Service Learning (SL) method has been implemented through the motor activity to respond to the needs of the groups of students in the last years of Pre-school Education in an educational centre. To do this, we contacted the centre, the management team and concluded that they had needs for cooperation and coexistence, so we designed and/or planned the service. Through this service, in addition to students learning to work in cooperation, we have tried to strengthen relations between students and promote coexistence as we have tried to offer and promote a place for interculturality. The service has consisted of offering 12 half-hour sessions of cooperative games to children who cannot participate in extracurricular activities, in which 44 children have participated. In addition to the service, the students who have participated in the Service Learning (SL) have had the objective of entering into the role of teachers, offering the possibility of acting as educators and putting into practice what they have learned. To promote interculturality, we have taken traditional games from different areas of the world and, to work on cooperation, we have adapted these games to encourage us to work with each other. At the same time, throughout the sessions, we have collected information through a diary, and the reflections collected in it have guided us to improve the following sessions. The diary was marked and also served to make an analysis of the service and the sessions to see if the objectives we have set have been achieved and if the service has been useful. As a conclusion, through this work, apart from providing a service to the centre, a strategy of learning and intervention with SL (Service Learning) has been known. Furthermore, as future teachers, it has allowed the acquisition of competences and skills, among which is the learning of the need to carry out a pedagogical reflection: training of the sessions, carrying them out, detection of needs, search for strategies to satisfy the needs and search for improvements in the sessions. In conclusion, we can say that the level of satisfaction of the students and the school has been good.","Lan hau Gradu Amaierako Lan bat da, non, Ikasketa zerbitzua (I-Z) metodoa jarduera motorraren bidez martxan jarri den, ikastetxe bateko Haur Hezkuntzako azken urteetako ikasle talde batzuek duten beharrei erantzun bat emateko. Horretarako, ikastetxearekin kontaktuan jarri izan gara, hain zuzen, zuzendaritza taldearekin eta kooperazio eta elkarbizitzaren inguruko beharrak zituztela ondorioztaturik, zerbitzuaren diseinu edota planifikazioa egin izan dugu. Zerbitzu honen bitartez, ikasleak kooperazioan lan egiten ikasteaz gain, ikasleen arteko harremanak gogortzen eta elkarbizitza sustatzen saiatu izan gara kulturartekotasunari leku bat eskaintzen eta hori bultzatzen saiatu garen heinean. Zerbitzua, eskolaz kanpo ekintzetan parte hartu ezin duten umeei, jolas kooperatiboen inguruan egindako ordu erdiko 12 saioak eskaintzea izan da, bertan, 44 ume parte hartu dute. Zerbitzua emateaz gain, Ikaskuntza Zerbitzuan (I-Z) parte hartu dugun ikasleok, irakasle paperan murgiltzea izan dugu helburutzat, hezitzaile gisa jokatzeko eta ikasitakoa martxan jartzeko aukera eskaini delarik. Kulturartekotasuna bultzatzeko, munduko zonalde ezberdinetako jolas tradizionalak hartu izan dira eta, kooperazioa lantzeko, jolas horiek moldatu izan ditugu elkarren artean lan egitera animatzeko. Aldi berean, saioetan zehar, informazio bilketa bat egin izan dugu eguneroko baten bidez, eta bertan jasotako hausnarketek hurrengoko saioak hobetzera bideratu gaituzte. Egunerokoa pautatuta zegoen eta zerbitzuaren eta saioen analisi bat egiteko ere baliagarria izan da, markatu izan ditugun helburuak lortu diren eta zerbitzua baliagarria suertatu den ikusteko. Ondorio gisa, lan honen bidez, ikastetxeari zerbitzu bat emateaz gain, ikaskuntza eta interbentziorako bestelako estrategia bat ezagutu izan da I-Z-rekin (ikaskuntza zerbitzuarekin), gainera, etorkizuneko irakasle gisa, hainbat gaitasun eta trebetasun lortzea ahalbidetu izan da, besteak beste, hausnarketa pedagogiko bat egin behar dela ikastea: saioen prestakuntza, horien aurrera eramatea, beharren detekzioa, beharrak asetzeko estrategiak aurkitzea eta saioen hobekuntzak bilatzea. Bukatzeko, esan dezakegu ikasleen eta ikastetxearen asebeteze maila ona izan dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68843,2024-07-09,"In recent years, IoT has grown significantly, with LoRa technology standing out for its wide range and low power consumption. Itelazpi, a Basque public company, has deployed an extensive LoRa network in the BAC, connecting more than 100,000 IoT devices, the vast majority being water metering devices. This network has been key to efficient water monitoring and management, enabling real-time data collection and optimising water resource management. This master's thesis is part of an educational cooperation internship at Itelazpi, carried out over more than two and a half years. This work aims to optimise the existing network by adjusting the quality of service (QoS) parameters of the LoRaWAN protocol, without the need to add more hardware. The town of Galdakao, with adequate coverage and a high density of devices, has been selected as a pilot study area to implement and validate these improvements. To do this, we will first define the parameters that will be used to measure the quality of the network, as well as the methods for extracting them and the way in which they will be presented in the form of graphs for analysis. Once this has been defined, a desktop application will be developed capable of obtaining the resulting graphs with as little user interaction as possible, in order to automate most of the analysis process and be able to perform these analyses in any area of the network. In order to determine the impact of modifying certain QoS parameters of the LoRaWAN protocol, an analysis will first be performed prior to any changes, in order to observe the current state of the network in the area under study. Once this has been done, certain QoS parameters will be modified according to the results to be obtained, and another analysis will be carried out again, to observe the state of the network after the changes have been applied. Finally, after studying the impact of the changes made, other final changes will be made in order to maximise the improvements obtained and mitigate the negative impact of changing certain parameters. This will serve to re-analyse the state of the network and obtain conclusions on the impact of the change of different parameters, which will be applicable to the rest of the network.","Azken urteotan, IoT nabarmen hazi da, LoRa teknologia bere irismen zabalagatik eta energia-kontsumo txikiagatik nabarmentzen delarik. Itelazpi euskal enpresa publikoak LoRa sare zabala zabaldu du EAEn, 100.000 IoT gailu baino gehiago konektatuz, gehienak ur-metering gailuak izanik. Sare hori funtsezkoa izan da ura modu eraginkorrean monitorizatzeko eta kudeatzeko, datuak denbora errealean biltzea ahalbidetuz eta baliabide hidrikoen administrazioa optimizatuz. Master amaierako lan hau Itelazpin bi urte eta erdiz baino gehiagoz garatutako hezkuntza-lankidetzako praktika batzuen barruan kokatzen da. Lan honek egungo sarea optimizatzea proposatzen du, LoRaWAN protokoloko zerbitzuaren kalitate-parametroetan (QoS) doikuntzak eginez, hardware gehiago gehitu beharrik gabe. Galdakaoko herria, estaldura egokiarekin eta gailu-dentsitate handiarekin, azterketa-eremu pilotu gisa hautatu da hobekuntza horiek inplementatzeko eta baliozkotzeko. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, sarearen kalitatea neurtzeko erabiliko diren parametroak definituko dira, bai eta horiek erauzteko metodoak eta analizatu ahal izateko grafiko moduan aurkezteko modua ere. Behin hori definituta, mahaigaineko aplikazio bat garatuko da, lortutako grafikoak erabiltzailearen ahalik eta elkarrekintza txikienarekin lortzeko gai izango dena, horrela analisiaren prozesu gehiena automatizatu ahal izateko eta analisi horiek sareko edozein gunetan egiteko gai izateko. LoRaWAN protokoloko QoS parametro jakin batzuen aldaketaren eragina zehaztu ahal izateko, lehenik eta behin, edozein aldaketaren aurreko analisi bat egingo da, aztertutako eremuan sarearen egungo egoera behatu ahal izateko. Hori egin ondoren, QoS parametro batzuk aldatuko dira lortu nahi diren emaitzen arabera, eta beste analisi bat egingo da, aldaketak aplikatu ondoren sarearen egoera behatzeko. Azkenik, egindako aldaketen eragina aztertu ondoren, beste azken aldaketa batzuk egingo dira, lortutako hobekuntzak maximizatzeko eta parametro jakin batzuk aldatzeak ekar dezakeen inpaktu negatiboa arintzeko. Horrek balio izango du sarearen egoera berriro aztertzeko eta hainbat parametroren aldaketaren inpaktuari buruzko ondorioak ateratzeko. Parametro horiek sarearen gainerako ataletan aplikatu ahal izango dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37115,2019-12-19,"INGLES The purpose of this project is to design, develop and subsequently assembly an automated fish tank, capable of performing various controls on the factors that surround it and that can compromise it, both internally and externally. Through an LCD screen, the different parameters will be displayed. As an alternative you can access these data through an application on your mobile phone via Bluetooth. For this, different sensors will be distributed throughout the fish tank, which will be responsible for collecting information related to internal and external temperature, water level and turbidity. The sensors will take all the information to an Arduino microcontroller that will analyze and process all this information and then send it to the LCD screen and to control the water inlet or outlet valves.","EUSKERA Proiektu honek automatizatutako arrainontzi bat diseinatzea, garatzea eta muntatzea du helburu. Arrainontzi automatizatu honek haren inguruko zenbait faktore, funtzionamendua arriskuan jar dezaketen barneko zein kanpoko faktoreak, kontrolatu ahal izango ditu. Parametro esanguratsuak LCD pantaila batetan bistaratuko dira aldiro. Gainera, parametro horiek mugikor batetan ere bistaratu ahal izango dira, Bluetooth bidezko aplikazio baten bitartez. Hartarako guztirako, arrainontzian zehar zenbait sentsore kokatu dira, kanpo-tenperatura, barne-tenperatura, ur-maila eta uhertasunaren inguruko informazioa bilduko dutenak. Sentsore horiek Arduino mikrokrontroladore batera eroango dute informazioa. Mikrokontroladoreak informazio hori aztertu eta prozesatuko du, gerora, berau LCD pantailan bistaratzeko eta ur-irteera/sarrera balbulak kontrolatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53946,2021-11-22,"ABSTRACT (English): In a society in which fossil raw materials such as oil are rooted in almost all areas, we have been talking for years about a change in the energy model. There are several consequences that the immoderate lifestyle led by human beings has created so far: the plastic continent formed in the Pacific, the decrease of air quality in cities, deforestation... Trying to take steps towards a more sustainable future, several states in the world have committed to take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as is the case of the Paris Convention signed in 2015. However, this transition towards a more sustainable and cleaner life, beyond the measures that can be taken in institutions, will also involve a change in the individual's living habits, such as people's consumption habits. In the case of photovoltaic installations, for example, it will be necessary to rethink the way of consuming electricity: how to turn on high consumption appliances at times of higher generation ... As a result, even being a new issue, energy communities is a new concept that can revolutionize the mentality of society in the generation and management of energy, extending self-consumption from single owners to a group of people beyond. Throughout the proyect, the compatibility for individual and shared self-consumption in the Otxarkoaga neighbourhood of Bilbao will be analysed. With this work, the capacity to satisfy the energy consumption of the houses through photovoltaic energy will be determined. Giving different uses to the energy generated, 3 different cases have been proposed, analysing the benefits and weaknesses that the different models of self-consumption would have.","LABURPENA (Euskera): Petrolioa bezalako lehengai fosilak ia arlo denetan erroturik dauden gizartean, urteak dira energia trantsizioaren gaia bolo-bolo dabilela. Askotarikoak dira orain arte gizakiak eraman izan duen bizi estiloak ekarri dituen ondorioak: Ozeano Barean eratutako plastikozko kontinentea, hirietako aire kalitatearen beherakada, baso-soiltzea… Etorkizun jasangarriago bateranzko pausoak eman nahian, munduko hainbat estatuk berotegi efektuko gasen isurketak murrizteko neurriak hartzeko hitz eman dute, horren adibide da Parisko Hitzarmena, adibidez. Bizimodu jasangarri eta garbiago baterako trantsizio honek ordea, erakundeetan hartu daitezkeen neurriez haratago, norbanakoaren bizi ohiturak aldatzea ere ekarriko du, hala nola pertsonen kontsumo-ohiturak. Instalazio fotovoltaikoen kasuan esaterako, argindarra kontsumitzeko modua birpentsatu beharko da: kontsumo handiko etxetresna elektrikoak sorkuntza altueneko uneetan piztu… Honen harira, oraindik gai berria bada ere, energia komunitateen inguruko marko teoriko bat finkatzea lortu zuen Europak 2018. urtean. Kontzeptu berri honek gizarteak energia sortzeko eta kudeatzeko daukan pentsamoldea irauli dezake, autokontsumoa jabe bakarretatik haragoko pertsona-talde batera zabalduz. Proiektuan zehar Bilboko Otxarkoaga auzoaren norbanako autokontsumorako eta autokontsumo elkarbanaturako bateragarritasuna aztertuko da. Lan honekin etxebizitzek duten kontsumo energetikoa asetzeko ahalmena zehaztuko da energia fotovoltaikoaren bitartez. Sortutako energiari erabilera desberdinak emanez 3 kasu desberdin planteatu dira, autokontsumo eredu desberdinek edukiko lituzketen onurak eta ahuleziak aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69560,2024-09-26,"The regional communication of assets is the matrimonial economic regime typical of the Tierra Llana of Bizkaia, Llodio and Aramaio, which is distinguished by the creation of a universal community of assets over all the assets of the spouses and by its dissolutive alternation (consolidation/non- consolidation). It is regulated in the current Law 5/2015 of Basque Civil Law and applies to spouses who agree to it as the main matrimonial property regime and to those who, due to not agreeing on marriage settlements, have the Basque civil neighborhood registered, provided that the legal requirements are met. Depending on the form of dissolution of the regime, the liquidation of the marriage must be treated as a community of property (unconsolidated form) or as a community of property between the surviving spouse and the common descendants of the marriage (consolidated form). Within each of these assumptions, the tax analysis involves taking into account the possibility of excess adjudication when distributing marital assets between the spouses or between the surviving spouse and common descendants. Thus, the indivisibility of the assets to be treated and the possibility of not detracting from them must be taken into account, distributing, to each party, the proportional share that it deserves on the community, allocating, to one, the entire asset and paying , to the other, the proportional part in money.","Ondasunen foru-komunikazioa Bizkaiko Lur Lauaren, Laudioko eta Aramaioko berezko ezkontzaerregimen ekonomikoa da. Bertan, ezkontideen ondasun guztien gaineko ondasun erkidego unibertsal bat sortzen da, bai eta horien ordezko disoluzio-ahalmena ere garrantzitsua da (finkatze/ez finkatzea ahalmena). Gaur egun, Euskal Zuzenbide Zibilaren 5/2015 Legean araututa dago, eta ezkontzaren araubide ekonomiko nagusi gisa adosten duten ezkontideei aplikatzen zaie, bai eta ezkontza-itunak ez adosteagatik euskal auzotasun zibil foruduna dutenei ere, betiere legezko baldintzak betetzen badira. Erregimena desegiteko moduaren arabera, ezkontzaren likidazioa irabazpidezko sozietate gisa tratatu behar da (finkatu gabeko forma) edo alargunaren eta ezkontzaren ondorengo komunen arteko ondasunerkidego gisa (modu finkatua). Kasu horietako bakoitzaren barruan, analisi fiskalak esan nahi du esleipen-gehiegikeriak egon daitezkeela ezkontza-ondasunak ezkontideen artean, edo alargunaren eta ondorengo komunen artean banatzeko orduan. Horrela, bada, kontuan hartu behar da tratatu beharreko ondasunen zatiezintasuna eta ondasun horiek gutxiagotze izateko aukera, alde bakoitzari dagokion kuota proportzionala banatuz, bati ondasun osoa esleituz eta besteari tokatzen zaion zati proportzionala dirutan ordainduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26991,1996,"The concept of terror and its derivations are analysable and have a present-day signification. From a historical point of view, the terror casuistry is expounded through several ways of expression: divine or confessional origin, product of youth violence, political or religious nature...","""Terror"" hitza, eta bere deribatuak, oraingo esanahi duen gogoeta bati lotzen da; hori dela eta, historiko-ikuspegi batetik, terror denaren kasuistika bat adierazten da, hura agertzen den era desberdinen analisia eginez. Aipatutako erak Kainko-jatorrizkoa, gazte-indarkeriak sortutakoa, politiko-motakoa, erlijioso-taldekoak eta terror-errepresiozkoa izanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17685,2016-03-16,"Due to the changes in our society, early school attendance has increased significantly in recent years. During the first months of their lives, children have to get away from their parents and go to a nursery. However, the necessities on the first childhood or children between 0 and 3 years old are not the same as the ones of children in the second stage of pre-school kindergarten. Therefore, there is a necessity to continue adapting our scholar system to this new situation. In this project a different way to observe and treat children will be explained, a way which was offered by the paediatrician Emmi Pikler and is applied in Lóczy. For that purpose, a part of the Pikler-Lóczy pedagogy will be deeply analysed, the daily cares. Although this model differs from the one we currently have in our nurseries, it gives us the opportunity to reconsider our work.","Gizarteak jasandako aldaketak direla eta, eskolatze goiztiarrak nabarmen egin du gora azken urteotan. Haurrak bere biziko lehen hilabeteetan gurasoengandik aldendu eta haur eskolara joan beharra dauka. Hala ere, lehen haurtzaroko edo 0-3 urte bitarteko haurren premiak ez dira Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko haurren beharrizanen berdinak eta, ondorioz, gure hezkuntza sistema egoera berri horretara egokitzen jarraitu beharra daukagu. Lan honetan haurra behatu eta tratatzeko eredu ezberdin bat aurkeztuko da, Emmi Pikler pediatrak sortutakoa eta Lóczy-n aurrera eramaten dena. Horretarako, Pikler-Lóczy pedagogia horretako atal batean, hots, eguneroko zaintzetan murgildu eta horiek sakon aztertzeari ekingo diogu. Eredu hori gure eremuko haur eskolakoetatik aldendu arren, gure jardunbidea birplanteatzeko aukera paregabea eskaintzen digu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24360,2015,"The author presents the sociological and crime-related circumstances in the region of Ciudad Juárez, Mexico. The article describes de femicides since 1993 and the reactions of the authorities in this regard. The situation in Mexico is presented together with the international instruments on the topic. The paper analyses the struggle of local human rights organisations and the important role they played in attracting the intervention of the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the report by such organism, as well as the proceedings against Mexico before the InterAmerican Court of Human Rights. Finally, it studies the progress which has taken place as a result of the intervention of the aforementioned international organisms.","Ciudad Juarezeko eskualdeko (Mexiko) inguruabar soziologikoak eta kriminalitateari lotutakoak aurkezten ditu artikuluak. 1993tik gertatutako feminizidioak eta agintariek horiei emandako erantzuna deskribatzen ditu. Gaiari buruzko nazioarteko tresnekin lotzen du Mexikoko egoera. Giza Eskubideen aldeko erakunde lokalen borroka eta horiek Emakumeen aurkako diskriminazioa ezabatzeko Nazio Batuen Erakundeko Batzordearen parte-hartzea eragiteko izan duten garrantzia aztertzen ditu; baita ere azken horrek emandako ebazpena eta Giza Eskubideen Inter-Amerikar Auzitegian Mexikoren aurka gauzatutako prozesua. Bukatzeko, aipatutako nazioarteko erakundeen parte-hartzeak eragindako aurrerapenak aztertzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22634,2017-06-21,"This Bachelor Thesis, named “La mujer en las profesiones jurídicas y la vida pública: de Roma a nuestros días”, has as object to investigate the role played by women through the centuries, in those fields. As we are going to see, despite the fact that each historic period has its own particularities, a certain ideological continuity is going to be maintained. Thus, over the centuries, and until reaching the XXth century, women are going to be excluded, using quite similar arguments.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau, “La mujer en las profesiones jurídicas y la vida pública: de Roma a nuestros días” izenarekin, ikerketa xedea du emakumeek jokatu duten paperra, mendeen igarotzean, espazio haietan. Ikusiko dugun bezala ikerketa honetan, denboraldi historiko bakoitzak bere berariazkotasunak dituenarren, nolabaiteko jarraitasun ideologikoa mantenduko da.Horrela, mendeen pasatzearekin, eta XXrren mendera heldu arte, emakumeak baztertuan izango dira, antzerakoarrazoiakerabiltzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60005,2023-02-20,"The level of knowledge of Basque has increased, but in recent years the use of the language has decreased considerably. Something similar has happened in the educational context, and it is even more worrying if we consider that these are the educators of the future. Therefore, the main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyze the situation of Basque among Primary Education teachers of the Faculty of Education of Bilbao, looking for the existing relationships between self-concept, learning strategies, motivation, use and attitudes. For this purpose, a questionnaire has been designed to collect information, following the thesis of a leading expert in the field. After analyzing the answers received, the existing linguistic reality in the Faculty of Education of Bilbao has been defined and a video has been created as an informative proposal.","Euskararen ezagutza-mailak gora egin du, baina azken urteotan hizkuntzaren erabilera nabarmen jaitsi da. Hezkuntza testuinguruan ere antzekoa gertatu da, eta are kezkagarriagoa da kontuan hartzen badugu etorkizuneko hezitzaileez ari garela. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia da Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultateko Lehen Hezkuntzako irakaslegaien artean euskararen egoera aztertzea, autokontzeptuaren, ikasteko estrategien, motibazioaren, erabileraren eta jarreren artean dauden harremanak bilatuz. Horretarako, informazioa biltzeko, galdetegi bat diseinatu da, gaian aditu nabarmen baten tesiari jarraituz. Jasotako erantzunak aztertu ondoren, Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultatean dagoen hizkuntza-errealitatea definitu da, eta bideo bat sortu da dibulgazio-proposamen gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16182,2015-11-24,"In this project, there have been analyzed the trends of extreme temperatures and extreme events in the Northern Iberia from the daily records of fourteen observatories from NCDC - GSOD dataset (1973-2014) and also of four ancient observatories located in this region from ECA&D (1928-2014). There have been calculated the climatic indices developed by the ETCCDMI and it has been quantified the significance of trends using Mann – Kendall’s test. Results show a rise in extreme temperatures as well as extreme events in most observatiories, this trend has been more pronounced during the last forty years.","Lan honetan Kantauriko Kostaldean muturreko tenperaturak eta muturreko gertaerak izan duten joeren analisia egin da NCDC – GSOD datu-basearen eguneko erregistroen hamalau behatokiren bidez (1973-2014) eta eskualde honetan kokaturiko beste ehunetik gorako lau behatokien eguneko erregistroetatik abiatuta (1928-2014), ECA&D datu-basekoak. ETCCDMI aditu-taldeak garatutako indize klimatikoak kalkulatu dira eta Mann - Kendall test estadistikoa erabiliz joeren garrantzia kuantifikatu da. Behatoki gehienetan bai muturreko tenperaturek bai muturreko gertaerek gora egin dute, batez ere azken berrogei urteetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23169,2017-07,"In the present research the efforts have been conducted to the development of the machinability of superalloy Inconel 718. As drilling exercise is more complicated that turning due to the discontinuity in the cutting forces, it has been chosen for the test. In order to overcome all the problems produced by the heat generated during the cutting it has been analysed the usage of different cutting fluids by simulation. Simulation enables the approximation to real solutions without having access to the materials, tools and machines. Even though the absolute solution is not accurate, it is useful to compare the effect of different parameters reducing the costs of the analysis. The main objective of the research is to see how different cutting fluids affect on the reduction of the temperatures and, with that, to conclude the improvement of the productivity and the lifecycle of the tool. But once having access to the simulator, it has taken advantage to see the effect of other parameters different than the coolants. Apart from the mentioned above, it has been also analysed the hazards of using traditional coolants for highlighting the benefits of cryogenic coolant. The oil-based coolants more than damaging the environment can be harmful for the workers health. That is the reason why there are some rules that must be followed in order to ensure the workers well-being when using the mentioned fluids.","Aurkezturiko lan honetan Inconel 718 super-aleazioaren makinabilitatea hobetzeko ahaleginak egin dira. Fresaketa eragiketa torneaketa baino korapilatsuagoa denez, ebaketa indarren ez-jarraitasuna dela eta, hau aztertzea erabaki da. Ebaketan sortutako beroak sortzen dituen arazo guztiak gainditzeko hozgarrien erabilera aztertu da simulazioaren bitartez. Honek, materialak, erremintak eta makinak eskuragarri izan gabe emaitza errealaren hurbilketa bat ahalbidetzen digu. Emaitza absolutuaren hurbilketa oraindik doia ez izan arren, parametro desberdinen konparaketarako erabat egokia da software hau, azterketaren kostua nabarmen jaitsiz. Hozgarri desberdinak erabiltzeak edo ez erabiltzeak tenperaturan duen murrizketa ikusi eta honekin produktibitatea eta erremintaren biziraupena nola hobetzen dituen ondorioztatzea da lan honen helburu nagusia. Baina simulaziorako hain erreminta baliagarria eskuragarri izanda hozgarriez gain parametro desberdinen eragina konparatzeko aprobetxatu da. Baita ere, hozgarri tradizionalen erabilerak dituen kalteak aztertu dira, hozgarri kriogenikoaren abantailak azpimarratzeko. Oliotan oinarritutako taladrinak ingurugiroari ez ezik, langileari osasun arazo larriak sor diezaioke. Beraz, hauek erabiltzerakoan arautegi zuhur bat errespetatu behar da langilearen ongizatea bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29468,2018-10-31,"This project consists of a business plan for the opening of the LaBohème winery, and it aims to analyse the technical, commercial and financial viability of carrying out the business idea, which arises after detecting a market niche for signature wines and a high demand for more select products.","Proiektu honek garapen-plana egiten du LaBohème izeneko upartegia irekitzeko. Proiektuak merkatua aztertzen du ikuspuntu tekniko, komertzial eta finantziaroetik negozio ideia burutzeko. Ideia hau pizten da merkatu nitxo bat antzeman ondoren non egile-ardoen eskaintza urria eta ardo bereziagoak eskaera handia dauden." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23351,2017-09,"This project is aimed at studying and understanding the situation of the two most important marine renewable energies that use seawater as a source of energy: tidal and wave power energies. To do so, both sources of energy will be explained in detail, as well as the different types of wave and tidal energy converters and their current situation in Spain and in the world. Other useful parameters will also be analyzed in order to compare the status of development of these energy sources with others, which will give the reader a clearer vision of the topic.","Lan honen helburua, itsasoaren ura erabiltzen duten bi energia berriztagarri garrantzitsuenak aztertzea da, olatu eta itsasaldien energia, alegia. Horretarako, zehaztasunarekin azalduko da bien funtzionamendua, baita energia biltzeko existitzen diren dispositibo mota ezberdinak eta bere egoera Espainian eta mundu osoan. Irakurleari gaiari buruzko ikusmen argiagoa emateko eta energia iturri honen garapen egoera hobeto ulertzeko asmoz, beste parametro batzuk ere azaldu egingo dira, eta haien bidez, beste energia iturriekin konparatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69697,2024-10-04,"The chain of custody is a fundamental procedure in our current criminal process, scientific and technological advances have brought new developments in this area such as DNA testing. Due to the violation of rights that the removal of such samples may imply, it could be assumed that the regulation regarding the chain of custody of these samples would be extensive. However, in this regulation we can find a number of gaps that complicate the proper development of the chain of custody of DNA samples and bring with it legal uncertainty to which case law must be invoked when we are faced with irregular situations in which the fundamental rights of the parties to the process may have been violated.","Zaintza-katea funtsezko prozedura da egungo prozesu penalean; aurrerapen zientifiko eta teknologikoek berrikuntzak ekarri zituzten esparru horretan, hala nola DNA frogak. Horrelako laginak ateratzeak ekar dezakeen eskubide-urraketa dela eta, pentsa liteke lagin horien zaintza-kateari dagokion erregulazioa zabala izango litzatekeela. Hala ere, erregulazio horretan hainbat hutsune aurki ditzakegu, DNA-laginen zaintza-katea behar bezala garatzea zailtzen dutenak eta segurtasun juridikorik eza dakartenak. Horiek direla eta, prozesuaren alderdien oinarrizko eskubideak urratu diren egoera irregularrei aurre egin behar zaienean jurisprudentziara jo behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19839,2016-12-12,"The aim of this Degree Final Project is to carry out a study about the possible improvement of the energetic production in the hydroelectric plant of the water reservoir of Arlanzón. This means to pump an extra volume of water from de reservoir of Úzquiza to the Arlanzón’s one using wind energy. The selection of this type of energy source is given after analyzing different possible alternatives. Based on the available data, the wind turbine system is designed and its production together with the central´s one, with and without pumping, are estimated, describing at all times the methodology and resources used. An economic analysis of which is the improvement project presented at this work is also carried out, as well as the planning of the different tasks required for this work. Thus, it is possible to draw a series of final conclusions regarding the work done.","Gradu Bukaerako Lan honen helburu nagusia Arlanzón-ko urtegian dagoen zentral hidroelektrikoaren gauzatu ahal den hobekuntza aztertzea da. Honek, Úzquiza-ko urtegitik Arlanzón-koaraino ura ponpatzean datza, energia eolikoa erabilita. Elektrizitatea lortzeko modu honek aukeratzen da posibleak diren hautabide desberdinak analizatu eta gero. Eskuragai dauden datuekin , instalazio eolikoa diseinatzen da eta bere produkzioa eta zentral hidroelektrikoarena, ponpaketarekin eta ponpaketarik gabe, kalkulatzen dira. Horretarako jarraitzen den metodologia eta erabiltzen diren baliabideak ere deskribatzen dira. Halaber, lan honetan aurkezten den proiektua ekonomikoki aztertzen da eta lanaren egikatzearako beharrezkoak diren zereginen plangintza egiten da. Honela, egindako lanarekiko amaierako konklusioak atera daitezke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53749,2021-06-28,"The social reintegration is one of the key factors in reducing the recidivism of offenders, in fact, it is essential to know the situation they face after their release. Therefore, the main objective of this work will be to analyze the process that is carried out so that sexual offenders against minors have a dignified reinsertion. For this purpose, the situation in prison and the treatment they will receive in prison has been analyzed, as well as their possibilities once they leave prison. To this end, in addition to the collection of information, various interviews have been conducted with experts in their treatment. In addition, the social reception that will be necessary in their reintegration will be investigated through a survey through the Internet. The results of this work indicate what is expected; that child sex offenders will find many problems to reintegrate. It is therefore necessary for experts to devise interventions to reduce the dignified reintegration of sex offenders against minors and the consequent reoffending of minors, for the benefit of all.","Birgizarteratzea delitugileen berrerortzea murrizteko funtsezko faktoreetako bat dela kontuan hartuta, espetxetik atera ondoren zer egoerari aurre egin behar dioten jakitea ezinbestekoa da. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburu nagusia izango da adingabeen aurkako delitugile sexualek birgizarteratze duin bat izateko egiten den prozesua aztertzea. Horretarako, espetxean bizi duten egoera eta bertan jasoko duten tratamendua ez ezik, behin espetxetik irteten direnean dituzten aukerak ere aztertuko dira. Horretarako, informazioaren bilketa egiteaz gain, elkarrizketa desberdinak egin dira, hauen tratamenduan adituak diren pertsonei zuzenduak. Horrez gain, hauen birgizarteratzean beharrezkoa izango den gizartearen harrera ere ikertu da; Internet bidezko inkesta baten bitartez. Lan honetako emaitzek espero zena adierazi dute; adingabeen delitugile sexualek arazo ugari aukituko dituztela birgizarteratzeko. Hortaz, beharrezkoa da adituek esku-hartzeak planteatzea, adingabeen aurkako delitugile sexualek birgizarteratze duina izan eta ondorioz hauen berrerortzea murrizteko; guztien onurarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25925,2018-03-22,"In this work we discuss the use of the standard language and the dialects from the point of view of the education. The work has two parts: in the first one we reflect on whether the linguistic characteristics of the children deserve their place in school and we show a favourable attitude towards using the characteristics of the Basque dialects in the areas where they are present; in the second part we make an empirical research in two schools from the area of Gernika-Lumo to see to what extent the characteristics of the area are accepted or left aside. The results show us that the analysed features have received a disapproval of 36,03%, but they have also received certain approval tendency. To conclude, we would propose to take care of the dialects´ features, and we see advisable to improve teachers´ training in terms of different linguistic models, from the perspective of the school.","Lan honetan euskara batuaren eta euskalkiaren erabileraren inguruan ari gara, irakaskuntzaren ikuspuntutik. Lanak bi atal ditu: lehenengoan gogoeta egiten dugu ea umeen ezaugarri linguistikoek eskolan tokirik merezi ote duten eta testuinguru euskalkidunetan euskalkien ezaugarriak erabiltzearen aldeko jarrera aurkezten dugu; bigarren atalean, azterketa enpiriko bat aurkezten dugu Gernika-Lumo inguruko bi ikastetxetan egina, ikusteko bertako ezaugarriak eskolako euskaran zenbateraino onartzen edo baztertzen diren. Emaitzek erakutsi digute azterturiko ezaugarri guztien artean %36,03ko gaitzespena jasotzen duela, baina badela, orobat, bertako ezaugarriak onartzeko joera ere. Ondorio gisa, euskara batuaren onarpen osoaz gainera, euskalkiaren ezaugarrien aldeko joera zaintzea proposatuko genuke, eta komenigarria ikusten dugu, baita, irakasleen prestakuntza hobetzea hizkuntza-eredu desberdinen aurrean, eskolaren ikuspuntutik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26882,1996,"A short reflection about different sides of the life and works of M. Julio Caro Baroja is made: his close relationship with de Basque Institut of Criminology, his large and exceptional work, his love to the Basque language, his labour as Director of the International Journal of Basque Studies for twelve years. Finally, it is pointed out what Caro Baroja meant to the culture world, as a clear and admirable researcher and thinker, and his love to the real friendship.","On Julio Caroren bizitza eta lanaren arlo desberdinei buruzko gogoeta labur bat burutzen da: Kriminologiaren Euskal Institutoarekiko berak izandako harreman estua, bere lan zabala eta apartekoa, bere euskerarekiko maitasuna, hamabi urtez Eusko Ikaskuntzaren Nazioarteko Aldizkarian bere zuzendari lana. Azkenik, kultur munduan Caro Baroja, ikertzaile eta pentsalari argi eta ikusgarria bezala, izan zenari buruz eta benetazko adiskidetasunaz mintzatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20886,2017-03-08,"This study pretend to judge the different urban wastewater treatment technologies to it posterior reusing, by analyzing the results obtained from those technologies: the treatment efficiency, environmental impact, the initial costs and the uses of the treatment unities. Selecting the best alternatives for water reusing treatment technologies possible, based on the quality of the required treated water and the results of the study.","Ikerketa honen bidez, hiriko ur zikin tratamendu desberdinak baliozkatatu nahi ditu urak berriro erabiltzeko. Ikerketa egitedo, urararen arazketa eraginkortasuna, ingurumen-eragina eta unitatearen hasierako eta ustapen kostuak hartzen dira kontuan. Lortutako iderdetaren emaitzak eta prozesatu behar duen ur-kalitatea zein den ur-trtamendurik onena hautatua izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20066,2017-01-03,"In this project there has been realized the pre-design and the calculation of the metallic structure and the foundation of an industrial. The dimension of the building has been decided based on a plot from an industrial zone of Beasain. Firstly, there has been proposed and analysed some alternatives. It has been chosen the most suitable one for this case, after that, the structure has been developed and optimized.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua biltegirako eraikuntza baten aurrediseinua eta estruktura metalikoaren eta zimentazioaren kalkulua egitean datza. Biltegiaren dimentsioak Beasaingo industrialde batetan kokatuta dagoen partzela baten neurrien arabera erabaki dira. Lehenik eta behin alternatiba batzuk planteatu eta horien analisi bat egin da. Kasu honetarako egokiena dena aukeratu ostean, egitura garatu eta optimizatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14679,2014-06-20T06:25:43Z,"The objective of this project is to estimate a fruit demand system for the Spanish economy. For doing that, we have chosen variables that we think that influence in fruit consumption decision. On the one hand, we have chosen different variables that describe the families (age, education level, number of family members by age, place of residence and nationality), on the other hand, variables related to the market side (fruits prices and spending). Our results suggest that there are different consumption habits depending on the fruits we are analyzing, some are consumed jointly and others are substitutes. ENGLISH","Lan honen helburua, Espainiako ekonomiarako fruten eskari sistema estimatzea da. Horretarako, ustez fruten kontsumoan eragina duten aldagaien aukeraketa egin da, zehazki familien ezaugarriei lotutakoak (adina, ikasketa maila, familiaren indibiduo kopurua adin ezberdineko, bizilekua eta nazionalitatea) eta merkatuari lotutakoak (fruten prezioa eta gastua). Bestelako emaitzen artean, faktore ekonomikoak fruten kontsumoan eragin nabarmena dute, familien bizilekua eta kide kopuruarekin batera. Gainera, fruta mota bakoitzarentzat kontsumo ohitura ezberdinak daude, batzuk elkarrekin kontsumitzen dira eta beste batzuk ordezten joaten baitira. EUSKERA" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18673,2016-07-20,"It is known that most of the problems applied in the real life present uncertainty. In the rst part of the dissertation, basic concepts and properties of the Stochastic Programming have been introduced to the reader, also known as Optimization under Uncertainty. Moreover, since stochastic programs are complex to compute, we have presented some other models such as wait-and-wee, expected value and the expected result of using expected value. The expected value of perfect information and the value of stochastic solution measures quantify how worthy the Stochastic Programming is, with respect to the other models. In the second part, it has been designed and implemented with the modeller GAMS and the optimizer CPLEX an application that optimizes the distribution of non-perishable products, guaranteeing some nutritional requirements with minimum cost. It has been developed within Hazia project, managed by Sortarazi association and associated with Food Bank of Biscay and Basic Social Services of several districts of Biscay.","Bizitzako problema gehienak ziurgabetasunaren menpekoak dira. Proiektu honen lehenengo atalean, Programazio Estokastikoaren, bestela esanda, ziurgabetasunaren menpeko Optimizazioaren oinarrizko kontzeptu eta propietateak landu dira. Gainera, hain konplexua da programa estokastikoak konputatzea, hainbat modelo ezberdin ikasi ditugula, esate baterako, itxaron eta ikusi, itxarotako balioa eta itxarotako soluzioa itxarotako balioa erabiliz. Bestetik, informazio perfektuaren itxaropena eta soluzio estokastikoaren balioa neurriak aurkeztu ditugu, erabaki ahal izateko merezi duen problema estokastikoa ebaztea beste modeloen aurrean. Bigarren zatian, GAMS modelizatzaile eta CPLEX optimizatzailearen bidez produktu ez-galkorren banaketa optimizatzen duen aplikazio bat diseinatu eta inplementatu da, nutrienteen beharrak kostu minimoan bermatzen dituena. Hazia proiektuaren barnean garatu da, Sortarazi elkarteak kudeatuta eta Bizkaiko Elikagai Bankua eta hainbat udalerri bizkaitarren Oinarrizko Zerbitzu Sozialei lotuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55056,2022-01-18,"Communicative competence is presented as fundamental for the future of students, as well as the knowledge of a second language such as English. This work is concretized in the implementation of the strategy of Literary Dialogue Gatherings in two groups of students of the sixth grade of Primary School with the aim of analysing both the advantages and the benefits that this educational strategy can bring in the communicative competence. Through the communication methodology, it was observed, among others, results of improvement in the instrumental dimension in foreign language (L2) of students of the English subject of the last year of Primary Education.","Komunikazio-gaitasuna funtsezkoa da ikasleen etorkizunerako, baita ingelesa bezalako beste hizkuntza bat jakitea ere. Lan hau Literatura-solasaldi dialogikoen estrategia Lehen Hezkuntzako seigarren Mailako bi ikasle-taldetan ezartzean datza, hezkuntza-estrategia horrek komunikazio-gaitasunean izan ditzakeen abantailak eta onurak aztertzeko. Komunikazio-metodologiaren bidez, besteak beste, Lehen Hezkuntzako azken mailako ingeles-ikasgaiko ikasleen atzerriko hizkuntzako dimentsio instrumentala (L2) hobetu izanaren emaitzak ikusi ziren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24772,2015,"Our object is to get to know the Álava hospital network in the Modern Age. For this we base ourselves fundamentally in the responses of the Province to a Royal Provision of 1739, which allows an approach to its functioning, aims, target group, services and workers. Hospitals made up a network of solidarity that limited the helplessness of its inhabitants without family support, made available means of subsistence to the needy, avoided the settling of vagabonds and offered security to pilgrims and travellers making the roads passable. In 1739 this system was already in crisis.","Aro Modernoko arabar ospitaleen sarea ezagutzea da gure helburua. Horretarako, Probintziak 1739ko Errege Agindu bati emandako erantzunetan oinarritu gara batik bat, eta horri esker sare horren funtzionamendura, helburuetara, zerbitzuetara eta langileengana hurbiltzeko aukera izan dugu. Ospitaleek elkartasun-sarea osatu zuten, familiarik gabeko herritarren babesgabezia arintzen zuena, behartsuei bizirauteko modua eskaintzen ziena, eskaleak kalean ezartzea galarazten zuena eta erromesei eta pasadizoko jendeari segurtasuna eskaintzen ziena, bideetan harathonat zebiltzanen mesedetan. 1739rako sistema hori krisian zegoen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16336,2015-12-03,"The main object of this work is to analyze the inrush currents, using for that the software tool MatLab. Through this tool, those current’s behaviour and progress will be studied as a function of some input parameters. In this way, they can appraise which methods are more efficient in the reduction of the harmful effects that inrush current can produce in the equipments.","Lana honen helburu nagusia MatLab sofware programa erabiliz korronte energiztatzaileak aztertzea da. Programa honen bidez eta hainbat sarrera parametroren arabera, aipatutako korronteen jokaera eta eboluzioa aztertuko dira. Era honetan, korronte hauek tresnerian izan ditzaketen eragin kaltegarriak murrizteko eraginkorrenak diren metodoak ebalua daitzke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31754,2019-02-28,"The behavior and management of spaces, materials and educators, are key elements in the teaching processes of children, and specifically in Early Childhood Education. A good organization adapted to the characteristics and needs of children, will be useful in their autonomous development. The main objective of this work has been to analyze three elements (space, materials and behavior of the educator) in different classrooms of two years. For this, it has been used the observation methodology, and the research has been done in four classrooms of different structures. In the obtained results, three types of structures for spatial planning have been detected, different materials that can be offered in classrooms of two years have been identified and, finally, several behavior patterns of educators have been defined.","Espazioek, materialek, eta hezitzaileek duten jokabidea eta kudeaketa, funtsezko elementuak dira umeen irakaskuntza prozesuetan, eta zehazki Haur Hezkuntzako etapan. Umeen ezaugarri eta beharretara egokitutako antolaketa egoki bat honen garapen autonomoan lagungarria izango da. Lan honen helburu nagusia hiru elementu hauek (espazioa, materialak eta hezitzailearen jokabidea) haur hezkuntzako bi urteko gela ezberdinetan aztertzea izan da. Horretarako behaketa metodologia erabili da eta lau ikasgela ezberdinetan burutu da ikerketa. Lortutako emaitzetan, espazioa antolatzeko hiru egitura mota antzeman dira, bi urteko ikasgeletan eskaini daitezkeen material ezberdinak identifikatu dira, eta azkenik hezitzaileek jarraitzen dituzten hainbat jokabide patroi zehaztu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26279,1989,"Human behaviour, characteristic of a rational animal, follows instinctive guide lines which are modulated by the intellect. The more society respects biological laws that affect man, the fairer and more harmonic it will be.","Giza jokaerak (animalia arrazional bati dagokion bezala) endeleguak modulatutako instintuzko ereduak jarraitzen ditu. Gizartea, are zuzenagoa eta harmonitsuagoa izango da, gizakia ukitzen duten lege biologikoak ahalik eta gehien errespetatzen dituen heinean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16504,2015-12-17,"The IGAGEE system provides an integrated solution to simplify the automation of tests and the management of the equipment and results in laboratory experimental environments. In this type of sceneries is necessary to control many elements coordinately and manage complex configuration and results information. The IGAGEE system allows: (a) resolve the integration of the available tools, (b) organizes the configuration and result files, (c) offer a unique interface to the users for the management and visualization of data, and (d) resolve the remote management of the test equipment. IGAGEE has been designed searching for generic solutions that can be applied to different scenarios. To validate the design proposal, an initial prototype has been developed to attend the specific necessities of the NQaS research group in his investigation about Traffic Monitoring and Analysis in the net.","IGAGEE sistema, automatizazio probak eta laborategian kudeatutako ekipamendu eta ondorioen emaitzak errazteko irtenbide integratua eskaintzen du. Egoera honetan elementu ezberdinak era koordinatuan kontrolatzea eta konfigurazio informazio konplexua eta emaitzak kudeatzea derrigorrezkoa da. IGAGEE sistema ahalbidetzen du: (a) behar bezala konpontzea eskura diren tresnen integrazioa, (b) emaitzen eta ezarpeneen organizazioa antolatzea, (c) erabiltzaileei interfaz bakar bat eskeintzea kudeaketa eta datuak bistaratzeko eta (d) emaitzen ekipamenduaren urruneko gestioa argitzea. IGAGEE sistema, ingurune ezberdinetara aplikagarri diren soluzio orokorrak bilatzen diseinatu da. Proposatutako diseinua balioztatzeko NQaS ikerketa taldearen analisi eta sare jarraipenari buruz beharrak helbideratuz behin behineko prototipo bat garatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26995,1996,"Several elements and comments about the personality of St. Ignatius are displayed. Many studies of some authors ponder aspects and happenings of his liferace, activism morals. They also declare that there are still too many hidden points, too much disafreement about St. Ignatius.","Loiolako Inazio Deunaren irudiaren ingurian dauden elementu eta oharpen desberdinak aurkezten dira. Zenbait idazleen ikasketen bidez egiten da gogoeta bat bere bizitzaren atal eta gertaerei buruz: arraza, ekintza, morala. Bestalde, Inazio Deunari buruz, gauza ugari izkutuak geratzen direla eta adostasunik ez dagoela azaltzen zaigu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58600,2022-11-29,The development of an application for Android devices has been carried out whose main function is the acquisition of data with temporary requirements sent by a Smart Tip. The connection between the Android device on which the application is installed and the Smart Tip is made via Bluetooth Low Energy. The Smart Tip is designed to be placed on the crutch used by people with Multiple Sclerosis. The data acquired is indicative of the person's walking status and its objective is to provide information about the user of the Smart Tip. This work is included within the SMARTIP project of the ViSens research group.,"Android-gailuetarako aplikazio bat garatu da. Aplikazio horren funtzio nagusia da datuak Contera Adimentsu batek bidalitako denbora-baldintzak betetzea. Aplikazioa instalatzen den Android-en gailuaren eta Contera Adimentsuaren arteko konexioa Bluetooth Low Energy bidez egiten da. Esklerosi anizkoitza duten pertsonek erabiltzen duten makuluan jartzeko diseinatuta dago Contera Adimentsua. Eskuratutako datuek pertsonaren egoera adierazten dute, eta haren helburua da Contera Adimentsua erabiltzen duen pertsonari buruzko informazioa ematea. ViSens ikerketa-taldearen SMARTIP proiektuaren barruan sartzen da lan hau." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14691,2015-03-02,"The present end of Grade work is based on the design of the pneumatic circuit for a conforming machine. The design is carried out with the Fluidsim program. Firstly, the scheme of the basic movements for a conforming machine should be defined. Secondly, two possible circuits will be developed. After that, both of them will be verify in the pneumatic panel of the Laboratory of the School of Engineers of Bilbao and the elements of the circuit will be dimensioned for a specific case. Finally, conclusions from each design will be extracted.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau makina konformatzaile baterako zirkuito neumatiko baten diseinuan oinarritzen da. Diseinua Fluidsim programarekin egiten da. Lehenik eta behin, konformagintzan egiten diren oinarrizko mugimenduen eskema bat zehazten da. Zirkuitoaren diseinurako bi erantzun posible garatzen dira. Geroago, bere funtzionamendua egiaztatuko da Bilboko Ingenieritza Eskolako Laborategiaren panelean eta zirkuitoaren osagaiak dimentsionatu egingo dira kasu konkretu baterako. Azkenengoz, probatutako zirkuito bakoitzetik ondorioak aterako dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59698,2023-02-07,"With the increasing demands of manufacturing, the need to operate under strict performance specifications and the advent of innovative coupled and nonlinear dynamics systems, there is a growing interest in developing control strategies to meet these requirements. The following work presents the study and implementation of a complex intelligent predictive control strategy for multivariable nonlinear systems (iMO-NMPC), on simulation and real-time platforms, using MATLAB® and the C MEX S-Functions API of Simulink®. Keywords: nonlinear model predictive control, iMO-NMPC, MATLAB/Simulink, S","Fabrikazio-eskakizun gero eta handiagoen aurrean, espezifikazio zorrotzpean jarduteko beharren eta dinamika akoplatutako sistema berritzaile ez-linealen aurrean, aipatutako horiei aurpegi emango dien kontrol-estrategiak garatzeko interesa areagotzen da. Ondorengo lanak, aldagai anitzeko sistema ez-linealentzako iragarpen kontrol-estrategia adimendun baten (iMO-NMPC) azterketa eta inplementazioa aurkezten ditu. Estrategiaren inplementazioa simulazio eta denbora errealeko plataformen gainean egingo da, MATLAB® eta Simulink®-en C MEX S-Function delako API bidez. Gako-hitzak:iragarpen kontrol-estrategia adimendun ez-lineala , iMO-NMPC, MATLAB/" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16487,2015-12-16,"Worldwide textile top companies are competing to be word’s number 1 everyday. To acomplish this goal, different sales strategies need to be used. One of this strategies is to put any plastic made ornament in their products so that the buyers will take a look of them. On the other hand, the machining tecnologies are in full advance and the manufacturing of different pieces or molds is improving. This is why, in this work a plastic injection molds, with the Adidas logo on it, manufacturing is being estuduied and analized. The different materials for the mold are going to be studied and the different choices for de machining taht are in used in these kind of projects are going to be analized. Besides, the advances in the CAD/CAM programs are very useful in this kind of Works. These programs are capable of making the best machining strategies and to create the lines that are going to be introduced in our machine.","Ehungintza munduko enpresa liderrak salmentako zerrendetan lehenak izateko lehiatzen dira egunero. Hau lortzeko, salmenta estrategia desberdinak beharrezkoak dira. Honetako bat, erosleak haien productuetan arreta jar dezala, plastikozko apaindurak beraien produktuetan jartzea da. Bestalde, mekanizazio teknologiak asko aurreratzen ari dira eta pieza edota moldeak egitea gero eta eraginkorragoa da. Hau dela eta, lan honetan Adidas markako logoa duen plastiko injekzio molde baten fabrikazioa aztertu eta ikasi egingo da. Moldean erebili daiteken material desberdineko ikasketa egin beharrekoa da. Horrez gain, gaur egun erabiltzen diren mekanikazio forma desberdinak aztertu eta komparatu egingo dira. Gainera, CAD/CAM programetan eghindako aurrerapenak lan hauetan oso lagungarriak dira. Programa hauek pieza desberdinak mekanikatzeko estrtategia hoberenak egiteko gahitazuna dute eta gero estrategia hauek CNC zentro batean sartzeko programazioa sortzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71406,2024-06-27,"The aim of this study is to conduct an analysis of the sanctions imposed by the General Statute of the Legal Profession in the event of a violation of professional secrecy between lawyers. For this purpose, a legal methodology is employed, based on the Spanish legislation and contrasted with jurisprudence and doctrine. Through the analysis, the intention is to provide a critical assessment to draw conclusions and offer relevant proposals.","Lan honen helburua Abokatutzaren Estatutu Orokorrak abokatuen arteko sekretu profesionalaren urraketa ematen denean, ezartzen dituen zigorrei buruzko hausnarketa egitea izango da. Horretarako, metodologia juridikoa erabili da, Espainiako Estatuko araudia oinarri hartuz, eta jurisprudentzia eta doktrinarekin kontrastatuz. Hala, hauen analisi bat gauzatu da, gerora bertatik zenbait ondorio eta proposamen ateratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29192,2018-10-22,"The main object of this project is to analyze the behavior of three-phase transformers to asymmetric loads according to their type of connection, using the software tool MatLab. Using this tool, it will be studied how do three-phase transformers perform when connecting different single-phase asymmetric loads depending on how the primary and secondary windings are connected.","Lan honen helburu nagusia transformadore trifasikoak duten konexioaren arabera karga asimetrikoen aurrean izango duten erantzuna aztertzea da. Horretarako MatLab softwarea erabiliko da. Programa honen bitartez, karga asimetriko monofasiko desberdin konektatzean, eta transformadoreen lehenengo eta bigarren harilak duten konexioen arabera transformadoreek izango duten erantzuna ikertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47113,2020-10-21,"Through this project, an analysis of a new communications technology called Wi-SUN is carried out for its future implementation in smart meters, promoting the transformation of conventional electrical networks into smart grids. To do this, first, an investigation is carried out around the different existing communications technologies applied to smart grids, comparing them with this new technology. Then, the most characteristic aspects of the technology are described and its structure is analyzed, providing information about the different protocols of which it is composed Finally, configuration and connectivity tests are carried out using evaluation boards from two different manufacturers, such as Rhom and Renesas, to test the Wi-SUN technology, using different configurations, moving the devices away to test their coverage and putting obstacles to communications to confirm their correct operation.","Proiektu honen bitartez, Wi-SUN deituriko komunikazio-teknologia berri baten azterketa burutzen da, etorkizunean kontagailu adimendunetan ezartzeko, sare elektriko konbentzionalak sare adimendun bihurtzen lagunduz Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, sare elektriko adimenduei aplikatutako gaur egungo komunikazio-teknologien inguruko ikerketa egiten da, eta teknologia berri honekin konparatzen dira. Ondoren, teknologiaren alderdi bereizgarrienak deskribatzen dira eta haren egitura aztertzen da, osatzen duten protokoloak ezagutaraziz. Azkenik, konfigurazio eta konektibitate probak egiten dira bi fabrikatzaileren ebaluazio-plakak erabiliz, hala nola, Rhom eta Renesas, Wi-SUN teknologia probatzeko. Horretarako, hainbat konfigurazio erabiltzen dira, gailuak urruntzen dira estaldura probatzeko, eta komunikazioei oztopoak jartzen zaizkie gailuak ondo funtzionatzen dutela egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37070,2019-12-19,"With the moving years, the requirements of the environment at the political, economic and social level have been increased and influenced the behavior from the market; this has forced firms to be in constant change and offer products at lower cost in the shortest possible time and with the desired quality. From this perspective, it has been developed a lot of theories, among them the Toyota Production System, which is applied in the majority of companies and gives as a result greater responding capacity to the business, so the best result is obtained in qualitative and quantitative terms; for those reasons that concept is intended to be applied in the case study. The project is focusing on one of the pillars of the Toyota Production System called ""kaizen"" which means to change for the better, eliminating all kinds of waste; being this, the philosophy that follows the lean manufacturing, by the other handthis study will also consider other improvement techniques. Therefore, a complete analysis will be done of the company “Foundation Lantegi Batuak” and it will be focused on one of the workshops of which it is composed, but also its facilities and activities that carries out in order to finally focuson the specific context of implementation (boiler section). The aim is to perform an analysis of the value chain of the section, in order to standardize the times of each of the stages and reduce the lead time, therefore a flowchart will be developed with the corresponding timings which will be later captured in a current VSM and with the improvement techniques learned, a future VSM will be built later eliminating all sorts of waste","Urteetatik, ingurunearen eskakizunetatik, pasatzearekin: maila politiko, ekonomiko eta sozialera, hazi dira eta merkatuaren portaeran eragin dute; etengabeko aldaketan|kanbioanegotera, enpresak behartu dituena; kostu txikiagoko produktuak, denbora|eguraldiposible txikienean eta desiratutako kalitate handienarekin, eskainiz.Perspektiba honen azpian, teoria-saila garatu da, haien artean Toyota Ekoizpeneko Sistema, enpresa askotan aplikatu deneko; erantzunaren ahalmen handiagoarekiko konpainiak, kaudimen ekonomiko handiagoa, ikerketaren|estudioarenkasua enpresan erabiltzea nahi den arrazoiak emaitza bezala emanez.Beraz, proiektua fokuratuta dago bat zeinen gainean Toyota, zarrastelkeria-mota guztiak ezabatuz hobeto aldatzea esan nahi duen “kaizen-a” deitutako ekoizpen sistema mantentzen den oinarrietako|zutabeetako, izan hau amaitzen dut Lean Manufacturing-a, bestalde, jarraitzen duen filosofia hobekuntza-teknika desberdinak ikasiko dira. Beraz, egingo da enpresaren, Lantegi Batuak fundazioaren analisibetea|osoa, osatzen deneko lantegietako batean zentratutakoikerketa|estudioa; bere instalazioen, bahitik ateratzen dituen jardueren bezala horrela, azkenik, aplikazioaren (sail galdaragintzaren) espezifikoa den testuinguruan zentratzea.Bi helbururekin, sailaren baliozko katearen analisia, egitea nahi da; etapetako|aldietakobakoitzeko denboretan|eguraldietanestandarizatzea eta lead-a txikiagotzea iruzur dezan; hartarako egingo da gaurko VSM-ean irudikatuko duten eta ikasitako hobekuntza-tekniken laguntzarekin etorkizuneko VSM-a, hondakin-mota guztiak horrela ezabatuz, eraikiko duen fluxu-diagrama, denbora|eguraldi-hartze egokiarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55058,2022-01-18,"Violence in dating relationships has been perceived in recent times as a social and public health problem, since the prevalences are very high. The objective of this research is to measure the impact of violence in dating relationships and the factors related to it (sexism, self-esteem). This study has been carried out with 403 people of both genders and between the ages of 18 and 30. It has concluded that there is a correlation between violence and sexism and that self-esteem has a negative relation with victimization. In addition, in victimization -specifically in the types of relational and physical violence- there is a difference between sexes, with a more prononced victimization of boys in this type. Age has also been significant: young adults have had a higher score in violence. This research has been offline and I consider that investigating online violence will be important in future research.","Bikote gazteen harremanetako indarkeria gizarte eta osasun publikoko arazotzat hartu da azkenaldian, prebalentziak oso altuak baitira. Ikerketa honen helburua bikote gazteen harremanetako indarkeriaren inpaktua, eta berarekin erlazionatutako faktoreak (sexismoa, autoestimua) neurtzea izan da. Ikerketan bi sexuetako 403 pertsonak parte hartu dute, 18 eta 30 urte bitartekoak. Ikerketaren emaitzek erakutsi dute indarkeriaren eta sexismoaren artean korrelazioa dagoela, eta autoestimuak erlazio negatiboa duela biktimizazioarekin. Gainera, biktimizazioan, indarkeria erlazional eta fisiko motetan zehazki, desberdintasunak daude sexuen artean, mutilak mota horietan biktimizazio altuagoa dutelarik. Adina esanguratsua da, gazte helduenak puntuazio altuagoa izan baitute indarkerian. Ikerketa hau offline izan da eta etorkizuneko ikerketetan online gertatzen den indarkeria ikertzea garrantzitsua deritzot gazteen gizarteratzeko tresnak direlako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59993,2023-02-20,"Dyslexia is a very common learning difficulty in Primary Education classrooms. However, the poor training of teachers and the use of scientifically unproven methodologies make it difficult to carry out a correct intervention. In this work, the essentials to plan an intervention and the potential and effectiveness of the best-known methodologies to deal with this problem are thoroughly explored. To do this, a questionnaire that collected data from 26 PE teachers was created, and two interviews with experts on the subject were carried out. The results showed a lack of knowledge on the subject by teachers, the use of interventions not adjusted to the individuality of the students, and the importance of working on phonological awareness. The conclusions are raised according to the results obtained.","Dislexia ikasteko zailtasun oso ohikoa da Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgeletan. Hala ere, irakasleen prestakuntza eskasak eta zientifikoki frogatu gabeko metodologiak erabiltzeak esku-hartze egokia egitea zailtzen dute. Lan honetan sakon aztertzen dira esku-hartze bat planifikatzeko ezinbestekoak direnak eta problematika hori lantzeko metodologia ezagunenen potentziala eta eraginkortasuna. Horretarako, galdetegi bat sortu zen, LHko 26 irakasleren datuak jaso ziren, eta bi elkarrizketa egin zitzaizkien gaian adituak zirenei. Emaitzek erakutsi zuten irakasleek gaia gutxi ezagutzen zutela, ikasleen banakotasunarekin bat ez zetozen esku-hartzeak erabiltzen zituztela, eta kontzientzia fonologikoa lantzearen garrantzia. Lortutako emaitzen arabera planteatzen dira ondorioak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37118,2019-12-19,"This document describes the development of an opensource tool programmed with Mathematica® and designed to support students in subjects dealing with the analysis and design of control systems. This tool shows the temporal analysis, the location of poles and zeros and the frequency analysis of a feedback system using its transfer functions. The program is capable of facilitating the temporal response, the root locusand the Bode diagram of the system, as well as its dynamics and stability parameters: settling time; steady-state values of output and error; location of poles and zeros; gain margin; phase margin; and cutoff frequencies. It is designed so that it does not require prior knowledge to be used, since it has a clear interface andintuitive controls.","Dokumentu honek deskribatzen du Mathematica®-rekin programatutako opensource tresna baten garapen-prozesua. Tresna honen helburua zera da: ikasleei lagungarria izatea kontrol-sistemen analisia eta diseinua jorratzen den ikasgaietan. Horretarako, sistema berrelikatu baten denbora-analisia, poloen eta zeroen kokapena eta maiztasun-analisia erakusteko gai da, sistemaren transferentzia-funtzioak jakinda. Halaber, denbora-erantzuna, erroen kokapena eta sistemaren Boderen diagrama aurkezten ditu, baita bere dinamika eta egonkortasunaren parametroak ere: ezarpen-denbora, irteera-balioak eta erregimen geldikorraren errorea, poloen eta zeroen kokapena, irabazi-marjina, fase-marjina eta haustura-maiztasunak. Tresna honek interfaze argia eta kontrol intuitiboak dauzka, edonork aurretiko esperientziarik gabe erraz erabili ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19924,2016-12-21,"The premise of this project work has been defining the test cycles for the gearbox of a wind turbine that will be tested in the just mentioned nacelle test rig. As it does not exist a standard methodology to test a wind turbine or any of its components, the work described in this thesis pretends to be a structured methodology which can be implemented to test a gearbox of a wind turbine, in order to proof the correct operation of it and determine its critical operating conditions, before it is put in a field to produce power. In total, four different tests have been designed making a total duration of the measurement campaign of the gearbox of 19 days. In those tests, different parameters of the gearbox will be measured and analyzed.","Lan honen helburua aerogeneradore baten engranajeen entsegu zikloak diseinatzea izan da. Aerogenadorean “nacel”a entsegu banku batean probatuko da. Gaur egun, turbina eoliko oso bat edo haren konponenteak entsaiatzeko metodologia estandarra ez dagoenez, tesis honetan azaldutako lanaren helburua aerogeneradore baten engranajeak entsaiatzeko egituratutako metodogia izatea da. Behin aerogeneradorea, entsegu bankuan instalatuta, bere funtzionamendua eta bere baldintza kritikoak frogatuko dira. Guztira, lau entsegu ziklo desberdin diseinatu dira eta parametro guztien neurketak egiteko eta aztertzeko 19 egun behar izango dira, tesis honen arabera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41374,2020-02-20,"The reality of our schools is getting more and more diverse and students who suffer from dyslexia are part of that diversity. In order to provide these kids a high-quality education, it is important our teachers to be prepared. Thus, the aim of this paper is to explore the knowledge of Primary school teachers regarding dyslexia. On the one hand, an online questionnaire was used to evaluate them, where 60 teachers took part in. On the other hand, 10 teachers from Lea-Artibai region were interviewed to examine the methods and strategies that they use. The results show that Primary school teachers not only have enough knowledge about dyslexia, but also use many strategies to help students. Nonetheless, the study concludes that some methods are still unfamiliar to them.","Gure ikastetxeetako errealitatea gero eta anitzagoa da eta aniztasun horren zati dira dislexia duten ikasleak. Haur hauei tratamendu egoki bat emateko beharrezkoa da irakasleek nahasmendu honen inguruko ezagutza izatea. Hortaz, lan honen helburu nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleek dislexiari buruz dituzten ezaguerak aztertzea da. Batetik, jakintza zuzenak neurtzeko online argitaratutako galdetegi bat erabili da, zeinetan 60 irakaslek parte hartu duten. Bestetik, Lea-Artibai eskualdeko 10 irakasle elkarrizketatu dira baliatzen dituzten metodo eta estrategiak ezagutzeko. Eskuratutako emaitzek erakutsi dute irakasle gehienek gaiaren gaineko jakintza zuzen andana izateaz gain, dislexiadunei laguntzeko estrategia ugari erabiltzen dituztela. Alabaina, dislexia tratatzeko metodo batzuk ezezagunak egiten zaizkiela ere ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73377,2025-05-07,"This paper analyzes the importance of emotional education in conflict resolution at the Early Childhood Education stage. The main objectives of this qualitative research are to identify the most frequent conflicts at this stage and to design and implement a proposal to work on emotional education. For this purpose, we have used the tools of conflict observation, sociograms, informal interviews and a diary. This research analyzes how the understanding and regulation of emotions from an early age can influence the resolution of conflicts between peers. The research has been carried out in an educational center in Vitoria-Gasteiz, where different educational proposals based on the development of emotional competences and conflict management have been implemented. The results show that some interventions not only reduce the frequency of conflicts, but also improve children's ability to manage their emotions and solve problems assertively.","Haur Hezkuntzako etapan hezkuntza emozionalak gatazken kudeaketan duen garrantzia aztertzen du lan honek. Ikerketa kualitatibo honen helburu nagusiak etapa honetan gatazka ohikoenak identifikatzea eta hezkuntza emozionala lantzeko proposamena diseinatzea eta inplementatzea dira. Horretarako, gatazken behaketa-erregistroa, soziogramak, elkarrizketa informalak eta egunerokoa tresnak erabili dira. Ikerketa honetan, emozioak adin goiztiarretik ulertzeak eta erregulatzeak berdinen arteko gatazken ebazpenean nola eragin dezakeen aztertzen da. Ikerketa Vitoria-Gasteizko ikastetxe batean egin da eta bertan, konpetentzia emozionalen garapenean eta gatazken kudeaketan oinarritutako hainbat hezkuntza-proposamen inplementatu dira. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, esku-hartze batzuek gatazken maiztasuna murrizteaz gain, haurrek emozioak maneiatzeko eta arazoak modu asertiboan konpontzeko duten gaitasuna ere hobetzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51013,2021-04-15,"The starting point of this degree final project has been how to work on literature through educational workshops in primary education. For this, a didactic sequence designed for sixth grade students called creating stories in groups in Primary School has been carried out. Furthermore, the details of this educational project and the results obtained through it will be published in these next pages.","Gradu amaierako lan honen abiapuntua Lehen Hezkuntzan literatura tailerrak nola jorratu izan da eta honen gainean lanketa bat burutzeko Lehen Hezkuntzak istorioak taldean sortzen izena eman zaion seigarren mailako ikasleentzako prestatua izan den sekuentzia didaktiko bat diseinatu eta aurrera eraman da. Horretarako, lan honetan zehar proiektu didaktiko honen xehetasunak eta honen bidez lortutako emaitzak plazaratuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31756,2019-02-28,"According to many recent researches, each one’s learning style, as well as the learning strategies employed, play a key role on the process of learning a new language. These learning styles and strategies have been defined and classified by several authors. Moreover, different methods aimed at developing them both, altogether with the figure of the good language learner, have been closely examined. On a local level, both the European Common Reference Framework and the Basque educative curriculum focus on learning strategies. Based on what has been exposed, the learning styles and strategies of a group of students have been analysed in this project, reaching the conclusion that students prefer to learn through games and audio-visual resources. Finally, a website containing language skill reinforcing games has been developed.","Azken urteotako hamaika ikerketak adierazi duenez, norberaren ikas-estiloak eta erabiltzen diren ikas-estrategiek zeresan handia dute hizkuntzen ikaskuntza prozesuan. Hainbat autorek ikas-estiloak nahiz ikas-estrategiak definitu eta sailkatu egin ditu. Era berean, beroriek irakasteko metodoak eta ikasle ona ere aztergai izan dira. Gurera etorrita, atzeman daiteke Europako Erreferentzi Marko Bateratuak eta euskal curriculumak ikas-estrategiak beren baitan hartzen dituztela. Arestian aipatutako guztia kontuan izanik, lan honetan ikasle-talde baten ikas-estiloak eta ikas-estrategiak aztertu dira eta ondorioztatu egin da ikasleek jolastuz eta ikus-entzunezko baliabideak erabiliz ikastea atsegin dutela. Azkenean, hizkuntza-gaitasuna hobetzeko jolasak biltzen dituen webgunea sortu da eta, tartean, ikus-entzunezko baliabideak txertatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14373,2015-02-09,"In the current context of economic crisis, transformation of the models of production and globalization, research, development and innovation (R&D&I) has become an essential factor for the growth of countries and the business leadership. In the search of such innovation, technological innovation, that is, the innovation in product or process, has gained great relevance due to the constant technological adaptations which enterprises must face nowadays. In addition, if having strategic information is in general important for the business so that it will not lose competitiveness, for innovation processes it is even more important. The strategic information can be obtained from many sources and the importance given to each of them is different. Considering that the objective of this research is to analyze this connection, we can conclude that, on the one hand, the enterprises that innovate in product or process give the most importance to the information obtained from inside the business when it comes to develop technological innovation. On the other hand, they value less the information obtained from public institutions, in other words, sources like universities or higher education centers, public research organizations or technological centers.","Gaur egunean bizi dugun krisi ekonomiko, produkzio ereduen transformazio eta globalizazioko testuinguruan, ikerketa, garapena eta berrikuntza (I+G+b) ezinbesteko faktoreak bilakatu dira herrialdeen hazkunde eta enpresen lidergo zein biziraupenerako. Berritasunaren bilatze horretan, egungo merkatuan enpresek etengabe egin beharreko egokitzapen teknologikoak direla eta, berrikuntza teknologikoak, hau da, produktuan edo prozesuan berritzeak, berebiziko garrantzia du. Gainera, oro har, lehiakortasunik ez galtzeko informazio estrategikoaren jabe izatea enpresentzat funtsezkoa bada ere, berrikuntza jarduerak aurrera eramateko oraindik ere gailentasun handiagoa dauka. Informazio estrategikoa iturri ezberdinetatik jaso daiteke eta horietako bakoitzari ematen zaion garrantzia ezberdina da. Lan honen helburua erlazio hori aztertzearena izanik, ondoriozta dezakegu, alde batetik, produktuan zein prozesuan berritzen duten enpresek, berrikuntza teknologikoak aurrera eramateko garaian, enpresa barnetik jasotako informazioari ematen diotela garrantzi gehien. Eta bestaldetik, instituzio publikoetatik, hau da, unibertsitate edo goi-ikasketetako zentroetatik, ikerketako erakunde publikoetatik edota zentro teknologikoetatik jasotako informazioari garrantzi gutxi ematen zaiola." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37448,2020-01-03,"In this study, the changes caused by the Guggenheim effect in Bilbao, as well as the new city constituted from the transformation process will be detailly explained. In order to achieve the proposal of the research, the creation of new spaces and urban planning, the hegemonic activities in these spaces and the imaginary created around them will be the core ideas. Through direct observation, the importance of the infrastructures, initiatives and events implemented will be studied. Criticisms based on social movements against the configuration of the city will be also exposed.","Ikerketa honen bitartez, Guggenheim efektuaren eraginez Bilboko hiriak pairatutako aldaketak ezagutu eta eraldaketa prozesuaren ondorioz eraiki den hiri berria aztertu nahi dira. Horretarako, espazio berrien sorrera eta antolamendua, espazio hauetan nagusitu diren jarduerak eta espazio hauen bueltan sortu den iruditegia izango ditugu ardatz. Behaketa zuzenaren bitartez, Bilboko hirian abiatu diren azpiegitura, ekimen eta gertaerak aztertu eta hiri ereduaren konfigurazioan izan duten garrantzia ikertuko da. Bilboko hiri konfigurazioaren aurka, mugimendu sozial ezberdinek adierazi dituzten kritikak eta protestak argitara emango dira ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25366,1999,"Penal Law must be established on the principles of legality, guilt and slightest intervention. But, we don’t have to forget that Penal Law forms a unity with the Procedural Law and penal enforcement, and only from this perspective the penal system can be fulfiled. In this way, judicial activity must be based on some principles compatible with human rights defence, to obtain a valid penal justice for the social demands, and judges have to be human and technicaly trained and must be independent and submited only to the rule of the Law.","Zuzenbide penala legaltasun, erruduntasun eta gutxiengo interbentzio jarraipidetan oinarritu behar du. Baina ezin dugu ahaztu, Zuzenbide penala, Zuzenbide prozesal eta ejekuzio penalen bateratzea dela eta sistema penalak, horrela bakarrik duela balioa. Hau hala izanik, Epaitzeak, gizarteak beharrezko duen justizia penala lortzeko, Giza Eskubideen babeseko jarraipidetan oinarritu behar du eta Epaileak, legeak ezartzen dizkion mugen barruan epaitu behar du eta zeharo independientea izan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54120,2021-11-25,"Through this Final Project, and taking into account the context of Physical Education, I will analyse the motor problems that children suffer in Physical Education classes in Primary Education. After clarifying some concepts in the theoretical framework, I am also going to review the current situation in the Basque Country with regard to this situation. I will also analyse how the curriculum in the Basque Country deals with this topic. I am algo going to include information about teacher’s opinion about this topic. To do this, I will analyse the responses to a survey to which 9 teachers have answered. After that, I will make a didactic proposal. The Didactic Unit aims to deal with a specific ""disability"". Finally, taking into account the information that has been worked on during the work and the results of the survey, I will make my own reflection.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bitartez, Gorputz Hezkuntzako testuingurua hartuta, Lehen Hezkuntzako Gorputz Hezkuntza klaseetan ematen diren gatazka motorrak aztertuko ditut. Hain zuzen ere umeek pairatzen dituztenak. Marko teorikoan zenbait kontzeptu argitu ondoren, hemen, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan bizi dugun egoerari erreparatuko diogu. Euskal curriculuma egoera honen inguruan esaten duena ere aztertuko dut. Baita irakasleek honen inguruan duten iritzia jasotzen saiatuko naiz. Horretarako 9 irakaslek betetako inkesta baten erantzunak aztertuko ditut. Jarraian, proposamen didaktiko bat egingo dut. Helburua gatazka motor konkretu bati aurre egiteko Unitate Didaktiko bat aurkeztea izango da. Azkenik, lan guztia zehar landutako informazioa eta inkestaren emaitzak kontuan hartuta, hausnarketa propioa egingo dut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/40646,2020-02-13,"For several years now, the IASB (international accounting regulatory body) had been working on a project to improve and deepen on the requirements to recognize revenue, due to inconsistencies and divergence regarding different regulation and also due to the lacking detailed guidance of the previous standards. Therefore, on May 2014, IFRS 15 was issued: “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”, which includes more information and requirements and which brings old regulation together, resulting in a new analysis approach. It is expected that the adoption of the new revenue standard will entail a significant impact on the financial information for those companies that apply IFRS. In this project, the requirements of IFRS 15 are studied in detail, its implementation project and its impact on a chosen industry: telecommunications. Based on the consolidated annual accounts of three listed telecommunications companies (MásMóvil Ibercom, Orange and Telefónica), changes and new requirements of the transition from the former revenue standard to current IFRS 15 are studied, exposing the primary reasons of the alteration on the financial information and comparing the results obtained with the three companies, in order to ascertain whether the impact has been the same. Thus, it has been concluded that the impact of IFRS 15 has not been really significant in numerical terms, that is to say, quantitative information has not been significantly altered. However, the adoption of the new standard has given rise to considerable changes in the way of presenting financial information.","Duela zenbait urte, IASB erakundea (nazioarte-mailan kontabilitatearen arautzeaz arduratzen dena) ohiko sarreren onarpeneko eskakizunak hobetzeko eta sakontzeko, proiektu batean murgiltzen hasi zen, arau ezberdinen funsgabetasun, xehetasun falta eta beren artean zeuden kontraesanengatik. Hortaz, 2014ko maiatzean, 15. FINA igorri zen: “Bezeroen Kontratuetatiko Ohiko Jardueren Sarrerak”, informazio eta eskakizun gehiago barneratzen duena eta aurreko araudi guztia bateratzen duena. Horrek, aurreko arauarekin alderatuta, analisi-ikuspuntu ezberdina dakar. Arau berriaren ezarpenak FINA aplikatzen duten erakundeen finantza-informazioan eragin nabarmena izango duela espero da. Lan honetan, 15. FINAren eskakizunak xehetasunez aztertzen dira, bere inplementazio-proiektua eta baita industria konkretu batean izandako eragina; gure kasuan, telekomunikazioena. Kotizatzen duten hiru telekomunikazio-enpresatako (MásMóvil Ibercom, Orange eta Telefónica) urteko kontu bateratuak oinarritzat hartuz, aurreko sarreren arautik 15. FINArako trantsizioaren aldaketak eta betekizunak aztertu dira, finantza-informazioaren aldaketaren arrazoi nagusiak azalduz eta hiru enpresen analisitik lortutako emaitzak alderatuz, eragina berdina izan den ala ez frogatzeko. Horrenbestez, zenbakizko terminoetan, 15. FINAren eragina ez dela benetan esanguratsua izan ondorioztatu da, hau da, enpresek aurkezten duten informazio kuantitatiboa ez da nabarmen aldatu. Hala ere, arau berriak finantza-informazioa aurkezteko era nabarmenki aldatzea eragin du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23138,2017-07,"The aim of this research project is to present a plan for the Plaza Unamuno of Bilbao, so as to mitigate heat in such public space in the summer months. The structure of the contents that are developed have three different parts: Firstly, a theoretical introduction of the factors that influence in the thermal comfort of open spaces in cities is done. Secondly, with the objective of mitigating heat in open public spaces of cities, environmental, design and material solutions are presented which would make a more comfortable place for the social connivance. Finally, a solution will be applied for the heat mitigation in the urban public space mentioned before, thus, Plaza Unamuno. ENVI-MET software has been used to make the research about thermal comfort. This software has been made to make this kind of studies.","Proiektu ikertzaile honen helburua Bilboko Unamuno plazarentzat plan bat aurkeztea da, udako hilabeteetan bertan jasatako beroa arintzeko asmoz. Edukiaren egitura hiru ataletan banatzen da: Lehendabizi, hirietako gune zabaletako konfort termikoan eragina izan dezaketen faktoreen planteamendua egiten da. Gero, hirietako gune zabaletako beroa arintzeko zenbait ingurumen, diseinu eta materialen soluzioak adierazten dira. Soluzio hauek bizikidetza hobeagoa ahalbideratuko dute. Azkenik, irtenbide zehatz bat ematen da beroa arintzeko, aurretiaz aipatutako gune publiko irekian, hots, Unamuno Plazan. Konfort termikoaren ikerketa egin ahal izateko ENVI-MET software-a erabili da. Software hau erabiltzearen aukera praktikan jarri da mota honetako ikerketak egin ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17664,2016-03-16,"This paper report describes a diagnosis carried out in a second primary education classroom with high rate of immigration, which was previously known by the Grade of Primary practices carried out in that school. From the results of this diagnosis, and the different existing cultures in the selected class, a collection of stories has been created. In addition, the use of augmented reality is integrated into the story as an innovative intention to promote students an appeal in reading from an intercultural point of view, which has become increasingly visible in our classrooms.","Lan honek immigrazio tasa altua duen Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren mailan egindako diagnostikoa aurkezten du. Gelako egoera, aurretik ezagutzen zuen diagnostikoarean egileak, bertan Lehen Hezkuntzako Graduko praktikaldia burutu zuelako. Diagnostikoaren emaitzak aztertuta, gela horretako kultura desberdinak lantzen dituena liburu bilduma bat sortu da. Bestalde, ipuinak Errealitate Gehitua berrikuntza erabiliz osatuak izan dira, halaber, ikasleen artean irakurketarako zaletasuna sustatuz eta beti ere, gaur egun ikastetxeetan nabarmentzen hasi den kultur artekotasuna kontuan izanda." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55045,2022-01-18,"The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyze the work of the people dedicated to leisure in the neighborhoods of Deusto and the different resources they use, specifically those related to the inclusion of immigrants. For this purpose, a qualitative research has been carried out, through which different free time clubs have been contacted and a questionnaire has been designed and sent to different instructors of these groups in Deusto. Through this research, it has been proved that, after the evolution leisure groups have had over the years, they are a useful tool in the processes of social integration and in helping immigrants feel part of a community.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia, Deustualdeko auzoetan aisialdia bideratzen dutenen lanaren eta erabiltzen dituzten errekurtso desberdinen analisia egitea da, zehazki etorkinekiko inklusioari dagokionez. Horretarako, metodologia kualitatiboaren bitartez, aisialdi talde desberdinekin harremanetan jarri da eta galdetegi bat diseinatu da, zeina Deustuko aisialdi taldeetako begirale desberdinei bidalita izan den. Ikerketa honen bidez, egiaztatu da urteetan zehar izan duten bilakaeraren ondoren, aisialdi taldeak, tresna baliagarria direla gizarteratze prozesuetan eta etorkinak komunitate baten parte sentitzen laguntzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14338,2015-02-04,"The main point of this project is to optimize a motorcycle chassis in a resistant way. To achieve this, the first chassis design is going to be optimized in a specific area, so that the forces acting in that area are supported with the least possible weight. A competition called Motostudent provides real data which is used for developing this project and therefore the results of this work will also be real. To conclude, the software used for carrying out this project is Creo 2.0.","Lan honetan lehiaketako motorraren txasisaren optimizazio erresistentea egin nahi da. Txasisaren hasierako diseinutik abiatuz, diseinua optimizatuko da zona konkretu batean, bertan eragina duten indarrak eutsi ditzan ahalik eta pisu gutxienarekin. Lana egin ahal izateko, Motostudent txapelketatik lortu diren datuak erabiliko dira, honenbestez, erabiliko diren datuak errealak izango dira eta beraz baita emaitzak ere. Diseinua eta bere analisi estatiko egiteko erabiliko den softwarea, Creo 2.0 izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19577,2016-11-22,"The purpose of this project is to obtain 2,5-Dimethylfuran (DMF) from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) via heterogeneous catalysis. DMF has physical properties that make strong candidate to be an alternative to gasoline or a oxygenate bioadditive that improves the octane rating. The processes reported in the literature involve reaction steps heterogeneously catalyzed by precious or noble metals involving high process cost. The project aims to address the synthesis of DMF using cheaper transition metals catalysts that make the process economically viable. To get this, monometallic (Cu) or bimetallic catalysts supported on zirconia (ZrO2) will be used and it will be also studied the influence of the addition of ruthenium Ru in the yield and selectivity for its industrial production.","Proiektuaren helburua da 5-hidroximetilfurfuralaren (HMF) bidez 2,5-Dimetilfuranoa (DMF) ekoiztea, eta horretarako katalisi heterogeneoa erabiltzen da. DMF-ek ezaugarri fisikoak baditu txandakako bioerregai izateko, hau da gasolina ordezkatzeko edo oxigenoaren biogehigarria izateko, DMF oktano-indize hobetzen da. Bibliografian prozesu hau katalizatzaile metal preziosoekin edo nobleekin erabiltzen da, hori dela eta prozesuaren balio altua da. Proiektu honetan DMF sintesia egiteko, erabilitako katalizatzaile trantsizio metalak dira, horiek erabiltzean prozesua ekonomikoki bideragarria da. Horretarako mono (Cu) eta bimetaliko katalizatzaileak erabiltzen dira eta ZrO2-ren gainean jasaten da, eta Rutenioaren (Ru) eragina hautakortasunean eta etekinean ere ikasten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14711,2015-03-04,"The aim of the following Bachelor Thesis, titled ‘Acoustic Modelling of the Interior of a High Speed Train’, is to analyse the low-frequency acoustics of the interior of a high speed railway carriage. The topic has been chosen due to the fact that high speed trains are every time more present in our environment, being Noise Control and Reduction a very important subject in order to ensure acceptable comfort levels inside the trains. Among the noise, to which high speed trains are subjected, low-frequency noise is the most critical to control and reduce. Therefore, this project will work in that direction. The structure of the Thesis is going to be the following: Firstly, the context around the project will be analysed and so will be the motivations underlying it. Later on, the theoretical aspects behind the analysis that will be done will be explained. Subsequently, the practical example chosen for this project, the interior of a railway carriage of the train model ‘Serie 120’ by Renfe, built by CAF [1, 2, 3], will be analysed. Both modal analysis and harmonic response analysis will be undergone. The results obtained for this example will allow drawing some conclusions, as well as proposing some applications for the conclusions. Finally, some lines of research derived from this project will be proposed.","Gradu Amaierako Lanaren helburua abiadura handiko tren baten bagoiaren analisi akustiko bat frekuentzia baxuentzat egitea da. Lan honen izenburua ‘Abiadura Handiko Trenaren Barneko Eredu Akustikoa’ da. Aukeratu dudan gaiaren arrazoi nagusia gure inguruan gero eta abiadura handiko tren gehiago daudela da. Tren hauen erosotasunarentzako oso garrantzitsua da zarata kontrolatzea. Dauden zarata guztien artean frekuentzia baxuko zaratak dira zailenak kontrolatzeko. Horregatik gai hau aukeratu da. Proiektu honen egitura hurrengoa da: Lehenengo eta behin, proiektuaren testuingurua eta lan hau egitearen arrazoiak aztertu egingo dira. Ondoren, analisiaren aspektu teorikoak azaldu egingo dira. Aurrerago, proiektua ilustratzeko kasu praktikoa aztertuko da. Kasu praktikoa ‘Renfe Serie 120’ [1, 2, 3] trenaren bagoia da. Tren hau CAF-k eraiki du. Bai analisi modala eta bai analisi harmonikoa egingo da. Adibide honen bitartez ondorio batzuk aterako dira eta bere aplikazioa proposatuko da. Azkenik, proiektu honen oinarria kontuan harturik ikerketa eremu batzuk aurkeztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22272,2012,"This article deals with some commonly held false myths about the victims of terrorism; it holds that they, and all of civil society, can/should be key, active agents of the social fight against terrorism. Through the moving testimony of some victims of ETA, the research presented in the article invites Spanish society, the political class and democratic institutions to assume public and collective responsibilities in the face of terrorist crimes and the victims of such crime. It urges them to assume the responsibility of refusing to give legitimacy to the terrorist narrative, of distinguishing between who is the victim of terrorism and who are the executioners, and of preventing the impunity of terrorists. Fully recognising the meaning of the word victims would be a first step towards paying the moral and collective debt that can never be paid to such victims, but which is a debt that we have all acquired with victims of terrorism.","Artikulu honen helburua terrorismoaren biktimei buruzko zenbait mito faltsu gezurtatzea da, horiek eta gizarte zibil osoa terrorismoaren aurkako gizarte-borrokan eragile garrantzitsuak eta eraginkorrak izan daitezkeela edo izan behar dutela kontuan hartuta. ETAren biktimen zenbait testigantza hunkigarriren bidez, ikerketak Espainiako gizartea, politika eta erakunde demokratikoak gonbidatzen ditu ardura publiko eta kolektibo garrantzitsuak onartzera, krimen terroristen eta horien biktimen aurrean. Kontakizun terroristari zilegitasuna kentzeko ardurak onartzea, terrorismoaren biktimak eta gaizkileak nor diren bereiztea, terroristen zigorgabetasuna galaraztea eta biktimen garrantzia erabat aitortzea izango lirateke lehenengo urratsa guztiok terrorismoaren biktimekin dugun zor moral eta kolektibo ordainezina ordaintzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59923,2023-02-16,"Heat exchangers are intended to be as efficient, inexpensive, lightweight and small as possible. For this reason, the addition of flow control devices to increase the exchanged heat in heat exchangers has become a popular research topic. In this work, the influence of the implementation of vane-type Vortex Generators (VGs) in a fin-and-tube heat exchanger is investigated. For this purpose, several simulations by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools are performed, considering different Reynolds numbers (Re) and angles of attack (α) of the VGs, in order to evaluate the hydraulic and thermal performance of the heat exchanger under different conditions. In addition, the generated vortexes and the pressure, velocity and temperature fields are analyzed; in order to achieve a better understanding of the flow behavior inside the heat exchanger. The results show that the implementation of VGs, in comparison with the baseline case without VGs, improves thermal performance in all the studied cases, but it also reduces hydraulic performance. Considering both hydraulic and thermal performance, the results show that the greatest performance improvements are obtained with the lowest angles of attack.","Bero-trukagailuak ahalik eta bezain efiziente, merke, arin eta txiki izatea saiatzen da. Hori dela eta, fluxu kontrol-gailuen eranstea bero-trukagailuetan bero trukaketa hobetzeko ikerketa gai hedatu bat bilakatu da. Lan honetan, Bortize Sortzaileen eransketa hegal eta tutuko bero-trukagailu batean duen eragina aztertu da. Helburu honekin, hainbat simulazio desberdin burutu dira Fluidoen Dinamika Konputazionaleko (CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics) erremintak erabiliz, Reynolds zenbaki (Re) eta Bortize Sortzaileen atake-angelu (α) desberdinak kontsideratuz, bero-trukagailuaren errendimendu termikoa eta hidraulikoa lan baldintza desberdinetan aztertzeko helburuarekin. Gainera, sortutako bortizeak eta presio-, abiadura- eta tenperatura-eremuak aztertu dira; fluxuak bero-trukagailuaren barruan duen portaera hobeto ezagutzeko. Emaitzek erakusten dute Bortize Sortzaileen inplementazioak, Bortize Sortzaile gabeko kasuarekin konparatuz, errendimendu termikoa hobetzen duela aztertutako kasu guztietan, baina errendimendu hidraulikoa okerragotzen du. Errendimendu termikoa eta hidraulikoa kontsideratuz, emaitzek erakusten dute errendimendu orokor hoberenak eraso-angelu txikienekin lortzen direla." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25619,1993,"Disciplinary penitentiary Law can only function on behalf of general interests. Therefore it is not an aim in itself, but a way to facilitate the achivement of the prison constitutional objectives. Positive sanctions or sanctions as a reward should not be used to limit the penitentiary benefits of the prisoners better adapted to the penitentiary regime.","Zigorrezko Zuzenbideak bakarrik gizarte osearen onurak lagun ditzake, beraz, ez da berez helburu bat baizik eta bide bat presondegiko konstituzional helburuen lorpena eskueran jartzeko. Baiezkor edo saridun zigorrek ez dute balio behar presondegi-arauei atxilotu egokituenei gartzelako onurak mugatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37082,2019-12-19,"The aim of this paper is to provide the reader knowledge about what aphase selector is, which are the operating principles and the theoretical foundationson which it is based. For a proper understanding of the theory, some simulations ofa real phase selector were added, which may help to bolster the concepts previouslyexplained.","Lan honen helburua irakurleari fase hautagailu bat zer den, nola funtzionatzen duen eta oinarritzen diren printzipioen azalpen bat ematea da. Ulermen on bat burutzeko, fase hautagailu erreal baten simulazioak gehitu dira, aurrerago azaldutako kontzeptu teorikoen ulermenerako lagungarriak izango direnak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23046,2013,"This work covers several issues regarding the victims before the international criminal courts: the very concept of victim, the specificity of the prosecuted crimes and the need to protect the witnesses-victims. It also deals with the difficulties of the victim’s position within the process, given the different legal cultures of the concerned countries.","Lanak hainbat gai aztertzen ditu nazioarteko jurisdikzio penalen aurrean biktimek duten egoerari dagokionez: biktimaren kontzeptua bera, jurisdikzio horietan auzipetutako krimenen espezifikotasuna eta lekuko-biktimak babesteko premia. Halaber, biktimak prozesuan duen jarreraren zailtasunak lantzen ditu, prozesuan parte hartzen duten herrialdeen kultura juridikoak kontuan hartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29792,2018-11-26,"In this project, a theorical and practical comparison of middleware MQTT is made based on a use of case so as to know and deploy the solution that garantees the fulfillment of a group of requirements that have been inittialy defined offering the best performance based on defined indicators. Firstly, a use of case and the requirements to fulfill are defined. Secondly, the mínimum characteristics that MQTT middlewares have to offer in order to guarantee those requirements are defined. Later, once the MQTT middlewares that do not guarantee one of the requirements have been discarded a performance analysis is performed in order to know who optimizes the performance of some indicators defined in the first instance. Finally, if the optimum solution is known, it is deployed in the defined use of case.","Proiektu honetan, erabilera-kasuetan oinarrituta, MQTT-ren teoriko eta praktika konparatiboak konparatu behar dira, hasiera batean definitutako prestazioen serie bat betetzen dela ziurtatzeko irtenbide bat zabaldu eta zabaldu ahal izateko. Lehenik eta behin, erabilera kaskoa eta prestazioak aitortzea definitzen du. Ondoren, MQTT bitarteko erdiek eskaintzen dituzten gutxieneko ezaugarriak definituko dira, horien prestazioak bermatzeko. Posteriormente, los MQTT de los intermediarios descartados que no garanticen alguna de las prestaciones se realiza un análisis de los resultados de los resultantes con el objetivo de conocer qué se optimiza el rendimiento en base a unos indicadores inicialmente definidos. Azkenean, ezagupenaren optimizazioari dagokionean, berau definitutako erabilera desplegatu behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60281,2023-03-06,"In this work, the deaf community’s daily oppressions are observed and the quality of the educational system for deaf children is analyzed. To this end, personal experiences were studied, and a Forum Theatre was created to portray the situation of deaf people. In this way, the solutions to the barriers and obstacles that the deaf community encounter were proposed through debate and theatre performances. For this purpose, two theatre workshops, named the Theatre of the Oppressed, were carried out by deaf adults, teenagers, and children. Moreover, education professionals, as well as members of the deaf community, were interviewed: three teachers who work in different areas and a deaf person. Regarding the conclusions of the intervention, the main constraint for deaf people is communication, which ends up generating a lack of access to general information and difficulties in relating. These obstacles affect contexts as diverse as everyday life, leisure, health, education, etc. As a conclusion, the education of deaf children must be adapted to their own needs; since the capacities of each deaf child are very different to others, the necessary resources for each boy or girl vary a lot.","Lan honetan, komunitate gorrak bere egunerokotasunean jasaten dituen zapalketak behatu ez ezik, haur gorrek hezkuntza sisteman duten lekuaren kalitatea aztertzen da. Horretarako, bizipen pertsonal errealak erabili dira eta Antzerki Foro bat sortu da pertsona gorren egoeraren inguruan hausnartzeko zein jasandako oztopo horiei irtenbideak bilatzeko eztabaidaren eta antzezpenaren bidez. [EUS] Hau guztia gauzatu ahal izateko, Zapalduen Antzerkian oinarritutako bi antzerki tailer egin dira, heldu zein haur eta nerabe gorrekin. Honez gain, hainbat profesional eta komunitate gorraren partaide elkarrizketatu dira. Zehazki, arlo desberdinetan lan egiten duten hiru irakasle eta pertsona gor bat. Esku-hartzearen ondorioetan azaldu bezala, pertsona gorren oztopo nagusia komunikazioan datza, horrek informazioa eskuratzeko aukera eza edota harremantzeko zailtasunak ekartzen dituelarik. Traba horiek testuinguru desberdinetan eragiten dute, besteak beste, egunerokotasunean, aisialdian, osasungintzan, hezkuntzan, etab. Haur gorren hezkuntza haur horren beharretara moldatu beharra dago, izan ere, haur gor bakoitzaren gaitasunak oso desberdinak eta anitzak dira eta beraz, haur bakoitzak behar dituen baliabideak oso aldakorrak dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26308,1988,"Starting with the report of some crimes committed in the Basque Country, the deep change in all aspects of our social and cultural life is studied.","Euskal Herrian gertatutako zenbait krimen jasotzen duen txostenarekin hasita, gure gizadian kultur eta gizarte-bizitzaren aspektu guztietan izandako aldaketa handia aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58766,2022-12-14,"Local commerce has been impacted by various external factors over the last decades. From the changeover to the euro in the early 2000s, to the great economic recession in 2008, to a global pandemic in the last two years. During this period, society has continually evolved, changing tastes and preferences, which has been a major challenge for small businesses. In this way, local trade has been studied by economists and institutions in order to push it towards new trends. The presence on the Internet is increasing, which is why the digital transformation is becoming so important. New technologies provide a wide range of opportunities for commerce, but they must be used correctly, otherwise they will be incurring on a cost. In this context, data and data-driven management is one of the main pillars by which local councils, associations and businesses are being guided. The research has been carried out in several stages. Firstly, a contextualization of urban commerce and open shopping centers was carried out. In addition to explaining the many concepts related to the subject, a presentation of the city under study was made. Finally, a qualitative research was carried out in collaboration with the marketing consulting company Neuromobile and Asociación de Comerciantes de Villena. Thanks to the cession of the data collected through a survey carried out by them, it has been possible to accomplish an analysis of the same, obtaining several conclusions that will be presented at the end of the study.","Lekuko merkataritzari hainbat kanpo-faktorek eragin diote urteotan. 200ko hamarkadaren hasieran eurora aldatu zenetik, 2008ko atzeraldi ekonomiko handitik, azken bi urteotako mundu mailako pandemiaraino. Aldi horretan, gizarteak etengabe eboluzionatu du, bere gustuak eta lehentasunak aldatuz, eta hori erronka handia izan da saltoki txikientzat. Horrela, ekonomialariek eta erakundeek tokiko merkataritza aztertu dute joera berrietara bultzatzeko helburuarekin. Interneteko presentzia gero eta handiagoa da, eta, beraz, eraldaketa digitala garrantzi handia hartzen ari da. Teknologia berriek aukera ugari ematen dizkiote merkataritzari, baina behar bezala erabili behar dira, horrela ez balitz, kostua izango litzateke. Testuinguru horretan, udalak, elkarteak eta dendak datua erabiliz eta kudeatuz gidatu behar dira. Ikerketa hainbat etapatan banatu da. Lehenik eta behin, hiri-merkataritza eta merkataritza-gune irekiak testuinguruan kokatuko dira. Gaiarekin lotutako kontzeptu ugariak azaltzeaz gain, aztergai den herriaren aurkezpena egin da. Azkenik, ikerketa kualitatibo bat egin da Neuromobile, marketin-aholkularitzako enpresarekin eta Asociación de Comerciantes de Villena-rekin lankidetzan. Haiek egindako inkesta baten bidez jasotako datuen lagapenari esker, datuen azterketa egin ahal izan da, eta tesiaren amaieran aurkeztuko diren hainbat ondorio atera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57121,2022-08-02,"Intelligent electronic devices or IEDs have become indispensable elements in the new smart grids as they are responsible for their protection and control. The communication protocols for IEDs are established under the IEC 61850 standard and, among them, MMS (Manufactoring Message Specification) is considered to be the most important. Given its relevance, MMS has become a frequent target of cyber-attacks. In this project, a role-based access system or RBAC established under the IEC 62351 standard is implemented as a cybersecurity mechanism over MMS communications of IEC 61850 servers in IEDs. To validate the correct implementation of the RBAC, an IEC 61850 client application has been implemented to check the correct operation of the services provided by the server. i The RBAC implemented on the IED servers allows the control of the client tasks on these devices, while providing a level of access security as a suitable mechanism to prevent cyber-attacks.","Gailu elektroniko adimendunak edo IEDak ezinbesteko elementu bihurtu dira sare elektriko adimendun berrien barruan, haiek babestu eta kontrolatzeaz arduratzen baitira. IEDetarako komunikazio-protokoloak IEC 61850 arauaren arabera ezartzen dira, horien artean, MMS (Manufactoring Message Specification) da garrantzitsuena. Hori dela eta, MMS zibererasoen ohiko helburu bihurtu da. Proiektu honetan, IEC 62351 araua kontuan izanda roletan edo RBACean oinarritutako sarbide-sistema bat ezartzen da, IEDetan IEC 61850 zerbitzarietako MMS komunikazioen zibersegurtasun-mekanismo gisa. RBACaren ezarpen egokia baliozkotzeko, IEC 61850 aplikazio bezero bat ezarri da, zer- bitzariak emandako zerbitzuen funtzionamendu egokia egiaztatzen duena. IEDen zerbitzarietan ezarritako RBACari esker, bezeroek gailu horien gainean egiten di- tuzten lanak kontrolatzea baimentzen du, eta, aldi berean, sarbideen segurtasun-maila bat eskaintzen du zibererasoak saihesteko mekanismo gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29225,2018-10-23,"The use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been a major step forward in the field of material characterization. Optical microscopy could only provide us two-dimensional images, whereas AFM brought us the next step: obtaining three-dimensional images of material topography, at a nanometric scale. Besides topography, it is also important to know about the characterization of a material. Among the modules that can be used in AFM, the PeakForce Tapping module is the one that brings us closer to this goal. This module has been recently set in the Group in Science and Engineering of Polymeric Biomaterials (ZIBIO) research group, the one the student is working with. Therefore, the objective of this project is setting up the PeakForce Tapping mode, aiming to carry out an initial run-through.","Indar Atomikoen Mikroskopia (AFM) aurrera pauso handia izan da materialen karakterizazio arloan. Metodo optikoek bi dimentsioko irudiak besterik ez dituzte lortzen; aldiz, AFM-ak hiru dimentsioko irudiak lortzeko gaitasuna du, materialaren topografia eskala nanometrokoan ikustea ahalbidetuz. Topografiaz gain, materialaren ezaugarri mekanikoak jakitea garrantzitsua da. AFMak dituen hainbat moduren artean, PeakForce Tapping modua da helburu hori lortzera gehien hurbiltzen gaituena. Modu hau Biomaterial Polimerikoen Zientzia eta Ingeniaritza Ikerketa taldera (ZIBIO) iritsi berri da, non ikaslea elkar lanean dabilen. Proiektu honek PeakForce Tapping modua martxan jartzea du helburu, gero polimeroen zientzian aplikatzeko asmoarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25262,2002,"The topic of harm reduction programs for illegal substances in the U.S.A. today is a rather minimal endeavor, in spite of these programs began here during the 1970s. The dominant method of handling users of illegal drugs since 1980 has increasingly become the criminal justice system. This is reflected in increases in arrests for drug offenses and increases in the numbers of persons in prisons convicted of drug offenses. Despite, and in some cases in reaction to, the immense expansion of the use of criminal law and incarceration in the handling of drug offenders, harm reduction policies are emerging in several states, particularly in the west.","Nahiz eta 70. hamarkadan jaio ziren min murrizketa programak, gaur egun Estatu Batuetan ez da beraien alde gauza gehiegirik egiten Justizi penalaren sistema 80. hamarkadatik bihurtu da kontrol sistemarik garrantzitsuena drogen arloan. Honek bere islada hainbat eta hainbat atxiloketetan du, baita kartzelan arazo honengatik dagoen jende kopuruan. Hala ere esan daiteke, nahiz eta gero eta era orokorragoz kartzela zigorren bidez egiten zaion aurre drogen arazoei, esan beharra dago, gero eta erreztasun handiagoz erabiltzen hasten direla mina murrizten duten politika programak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23319,2017-09,"The present work aims to evaluate the energetic potential along the coast of the Basque Country, analysing different parameters of 7 representative points situated at different distances alongside the coast. These points have been evaluated through the analysis of the data provided by the Minister of Development and Ports of the State of the Spanish Government in the period of 2007-2016. At the same time, the performance of 7 different WECs have been tested, evaluating different parameters such as the generated electric power, the device size or the wave width used. Also, this study has tried to create some technical criteria in order to be able to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the devices in any place, and, as a consequence to select and compare the optimum WEC for each place.","Lan honetan Euskal Herriko kostaldearen ahalmen energetikoaren ebaluazio bat egitea saiatu egin da. Horretarako, kostaren 7 puntu interesgarri hautatu dira bere analisia egiteko. Puntu hauen ebaluazioa egiteko Espainiar estatuaren Sustapen Ministerioak eta Estatuko Portuak eskainitako datuak hartu dira kontuan 2007-2016 urte tartean. Era berean, hainbat WEC-en (olatuen energia elektrizitatean bilakatzen duten dispositiboak) jokaera aztertu da, parametro ezberdinen analisia eginez, hala nola, dispositiboek emandako potentzia elektriko, haien geometria edo olatutik baliatutako zabalera. Gainera, makina hauek ebaluatzeko hainbat jarraibide sortzea izan du helburu lan honek, etorkizunean edozein WEC edonon izan ahal duen errendimendua aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45242,2020-07-09,"Thorough this Final Degree Project, we developed the software to control the Tinkerkit Braccio robotic arm. This arm is controlled by an Arduino MEGA2560 board. It is usually controlled using the Arduino IDE, but we are going to design a driver to control it using ROS. Inglés.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Tinkerkit Braccio beso robotikoakontrolatukodugu. Beso hau Arduino MEGA 2560 plaka baten bidezkontrolatzen da. Normalean, Arduino programazio ingurunearen bidez garatzen da, baina proiektu honetan ROS sistema eragilearen bidez kontrolatuko dugu. Horretarako Arduinorentzako driver bat diseinatuz. Euskera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13989,2015-01-16,"Nowadays’ consumer is constantly evolving since the rise of mobile devices. The multichannel strategy of retail companies has been a constant since the advent of Internet and influences the choice of the place where customers buy. Recently, they have started to use all of them simultaneously to make their purchasing processes. They are called omnichannel customers. Mobile devices have allowed the ubiquity connexion, both direct access customers to the online store at any time as the company to its own customers, as well as multimedia interaction with the brick-and-mortar store when they are therein. This work seeks to understand how mobile devices have influenced the behaviour and experience of consumers and which strategies should be adopted in this new context.","Gaur egungo kontsumitzailea erabateko bilakaeran dago mugikorren sorkuntza eta gero. Internet heldu zenetik banaketa komertzial enpresen multikanal estrategia etengabea ezina izan da eta honek bezeroek non erosi eragiten du. Baina azken aldian bezeroek erosketak egiteko garaian kanal guztiak aldi berean erabiltzen hasi dituzte, erosle omnikanal deritzona. Ubikuotasun konexiori esker, gailu mugikorrek bai bezeroek online dendara noiznahi sarbide zuzena izatea, bai enpresek bezeroetara edonoiz heltzea lortu dute, baita denda fisikoarekin interakzio multimedia bezeroak bertan ez daudenean ere. Lan honek gailu mugikorrek bezeroen erosketa portaeran eta esperientzian nola eragin duen eta testuinguru berri honetan zein estrategia erabili beharko liratekeen aurkitu nahi ditu" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72792,2025-02-14,"Today, the Internet is the main source of information and advertising. It has helped to create great advances, but it has also generated many problems. One of these problems arises when a child's parents share photographs on social networks, infringing the rights to honour, personal and family privacy and image. This practice, also known as sharenting, contributes to creating the child's identity and digital footprint, which can never be deleted. This document examines the current problems of sharenting and its clashes with the identity rights of minors. It is also important to analyse the limits of parental authority when this information is published on social networks and to observe when a minor is mature enough to allow his or her parents to publish his or her photographs. In Spanish law, minors are protected by the concept of ‘best interests of the minor’, but to what extent does sharenting not violate these rights?","Gaur egun, Internet da informazio eta publizitate iturri nagusia. Aurrerapen izugarriak sortzen lagundu du, baina arazo asko ere sortu ditu. Arazo horietako bat adingabeko baten gurasoek sare sozialetan argazkiak partekatzen dituztenean sortzen da, ohore, norberaren eta familiaren intimitate eta irudi eskubideak urratuz. Sharenting izenarekin ere ezaguna den praktika honek adingabearen nortasun digitala eta aztarna digitala sortzen laguntzen du, inoiz ezabatu ezin izango dena. Lan honetan, sharenting-aren egungo arazoak sakon aztertuko dira, baita adingabeen nortasun eskubideekin dituen talkak ere. Era berean, garrantzitsua da guraso-ahalaren mugak aztertzea informazio hori sare sozialetan argitaratzen denean, eta ikusi beharko da adingabe batek noiz duen heldutasun nahikoa bere gurasoek argazkiak argitaratzen dutenean baimena emateko. Espainiako legerian, adingabeak ‘adingabearen interes gorenaren’ kontzeptuarekin babestuta daude, baina, zenbateraino ez ditu sharentingak eskubide horiek urratzen?" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25024,2006,"Development of cooperation in criminal matters in the politic and geographic European area started with the action of the European Council, which in 1949 created the European committee on crime problems. Cooperation has been lately emphasized within the European Union, especially after the Tampere Council and the application of the texts of Schengen. Now the work in the liberty, security and justice area is centred in immigration policies, asylum, barrier and visa control; in reinforcing political and criminal cooperation; and in cooperation in civil matters. Strictly speaking it is not possible to talk about a common criminal policy, but this would be very desirable to guarantee the security in the Union.","Zigor arloko lankidetzaren garapena europako eremu geografiko eta politikoan, Kontseilu Europarraren ekintzatik sortzen da. 1949. urtean arazo kriminalei aurre egiteko batzorde europarra sortu zen. Azken urteotan Europako Batasunean indar handia hartu du, batez ere Tampereko kontseiluaren ondorioz eta Schengeneko akordioaren aplikazio modura. Egun, askatasun, segurtasun eta justizia eremuetan egin beharreko lana, inmigrazio, asilo, muga eta bisen kontrola, zigor arloko eta polizia arteko lankidetzaren babesa eta zibil arloko lankidetasunean erdiratzen da. Berez, ezin daiteke zigor arloko politika komun bati buruz hitzegin baino desiragarria litzateke Batasuneko segurtasuna bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37061,2019-12-19,"The robotic arm TinkerKit Braccio is made up of six servomotors which are controlled by Arduino Mega 2560 board. Until nowadays, the jointed movement of the arm is programmed by Arduino platform. The finality of this project is to do this control of movements with the well-known platform ROS, for which will be necessary to create a driver which will communicate the platform with the mentioned board. Inglés.","TinkerKit Braccio beso robotikoa sei serbomotorez osatuta dago, Arduino Mega 2560 plaka batek kontrolatuak. Gaur egunera arte, besoaren mugimendu artikulatuen programazioa Arduino programatik exekutatu izan da. Proiektu honen helburua kontrol hori ROS plataforma ezagunetik egin ahal izatea da, horretarako driver bat sortu beharko da plataforma honen eta aipatutako plakaren artean komunikazioa ahalbidetuko duena. Euskera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28483,2014,"This paper shows a detailed study of oral pathologies in a sample from the medieval monastery of San Pablo (Burgos, Spain). Presence or absence and type of dental caries, calculus, periodontal disease, abscesses and dental wear have been recorded in 71 individuals of both sexes and all groups of ages-at-death. To do that, an especial database was created, in which the type and severity of each disease were recorded. Four different age groups were established based on permanent molar eruption, which allow us to determine different developmental status.","Ondorengo lana San Pabloko (Burgos) komentuaren klaustroan, XIV. eta XVI. mendeen artekoa, aurkitutako gizabanakoen ahozko patologien azterketari ekiten dio. Lagina bi sexuetako 71 gizabanakoez osatuta dago, adin guztiak hartzen dituenak. Ahozko patologia desberdinen egotea edo ez egoteari buruzko informazioa bildu zen: txantxarra, hortzetako lertzoa, gaixotasun periodontala, abzesuak eta hortz-higadura. Honetarako datu base bat egin zen eta bertan gaixotasun bakoitzaren mota eta larritasuna jaso ziren. Gizabanakoak lau adin talde desberdinetan sailkatu ziren, behin betiko haginen irtetearen arabera definitutakoak, gaixotasun bakoitzaren garapenaren egoera ezartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24387,2010,"The aim of this paper is to contribute to the theoretical and operational development of the phenomenon known in the scientific literature as the fear of crime. Specifically, a definition of the construct and operationalizations that could help solving methodological problems commonly present in this research area are proposed. Using a representative sample of the residents in Bilbao (Basque Country) the prevalence of fear of crime episodes in an objectively secure city, in a concrete geographic and cultural context is analyzed. The relevance of these fears and the usefulness of the proposed measures is discussed.","Lan honen helburua literatura zientifikoan delituak eragindako beldurra gisa izendatua izan den fenomenoaren garapen teoriko eta operazionalari laguntzea/ekarpena egitea da. Hain zuzen ere, konstruktoaren definizio bat eta ikerketa eremu honetan egon diren arazo metodologikoak gainditzeko lagungarri izan litezkeen operazionalizazioak proposatzen dira. Bilboko hiritarren lagin adierazgarria erabiliz, objetiboki segurua den hiri batean eta testuinguru geografiko eta kultural zehatz batean, eguneroko bizitzan delituak eragindako beldur esperientzien prebalentzia aztertzen da. Beldur hauen garrantzia eta proposatutako operazionalizazio neurrien baliagarritasuna eztabaidatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31475,2019-02-11,"In this work, a more active way of working mathematics has been set out, where that subject is taught together with Physical Education, taking as a base Problem-Based Learning. The main aim of this work has been researching the effectiveness of working the two subjects mentioned above in an interdisciplinary way, carrying out a qualitative investigation. For this research several techniques (questionnaires, different interventions and group communication) have been used in a class of fifth grade of primary school and taking into account the positive results that have been given, it would be interesting the implementation of this type of activities by the educational system.","Lan honetan, matematikak lantzeko modu aktiboago bat planteatu da, non irakasgai hori Gorputz Hezkuntzarekin batera irakasten den, Arazoetan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntzan oinarrituz. Lan honen helburu nagusia bi irakasgai horiek diziplinarteko eran lantzearen eraginkortasuna ikertzea izan da, ikerketa kualitatibo bat aurrera eramanez. Ikerketa aurrera eramateko zenbait teknika (galdetegiak, esku-hartze desberdinak eta talde-elkarrizketa) erabili dira Lehen Hezkuntzako bosgarren mailako gela batean eta orokorrean izandako emaitza positiboak aintzat hartuz, interesgarria izango litzateke horrelako jardueren sustapena hezkuntza sistemaren aldetik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19357,2016-10-24,"The present project studies, sizes and simulates the use of a capacitive voltage transformer for the protection of measuring tools and devices in a high voltage grid. The electrical parameters and the design of the transformer have been calculated considering the values from the source of the measuring devices, that certainly they are the values from the secondary of the transformer. It is necessary that all the parameters from the transformer are properly calculated in order to ensure the safety of the devices, without any danger to the installation neither for the personnel in the surrounding area. The chosen high voltage grid provides a 230kV nominal voltage and the capacitive voltage transformer supplies 115V to its secondary.","Proiektu honek tentsio transformadore kapazitibo baten ikerketa, dimentsionamendu eta simulazioa garatzen ditu, goi tentsioko sare baten neurketa aparatu eta erreminten babesa bermatzeko. Aurretik definitutako tentsio balio jakin batzuetatik abiatuz, zehazki sekundarioko tentsio balioetatik, hau da, neurketa aparatuak elikatuko diren tentsio balioetatik; tentsio transformadore kapazitibo bat diseinatu da non bere parametroak bere betebeharra bermatzeko egokituak dauden. Behar-beharrezkoa da transformadoreak, bere sekundariotik abiatzen diren neurketa aparatuen segurtasuna ziurtatzea, tentsioaren transformazioa balio optimoetan egiten dela bermatuz eta prozesuan instalazioarentzat eta hurbileko langileentzat arriskurik gabe. Hautatutako goi tentsioko sarearen tentsio nominala 230kV da eta hornitu beharreko energiaren tentsioa 115V da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43097,2020-05-08,"This End of Degree Project is part of the EHUkhi project, a working group made up of administration and services staff, teachers and students that has been formed thanks to the Campus Bizia Lab (CBL) programme, which aims to respond to sustainability challenges within the University itself. This End of Degree Project aims to analyse the production of the photovoltaic potential in the University of Engineers of Bilbao. Through this work, the methodological bases for the calculation of the photovoltaic potential of any building have been established. For this purpose, building maps have been combined with maps containing the orography of the surroundings, as well as maps containing the necessary information to calculate the photovoltaic potential (for example, radiation, slope, orientation...) in order to obtain the production of each building, both per year, per month and per hour per day. In addition, a basic energy analysis has been carried out (through the calculation of the supply rate of each building and the energy pay back of the panels).","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau EHUkhi proiektuaren parte da, administrazio eta zerbitzuen langileen, irakasleen eta ikasleen lankidetza talde bat Campus Bizia Lab (CBL) programaren ondorioz sortu egin dena Unibertsitateko jasangarritasun erronkei erantzuteko. Lan honen helburua, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolaren potentzial fotovoltaikoaren produkzioa aztertzea da. Lan honekin edozein eraikinen potentzial fotovoltaikoaren kalkuluaren oinarri metodologikoak finkatzea bilatu da. Horretarako, eraikinen mapak eta inguruneko orografia biltzen duten mapak, hala nola, potentzial fotovoltaikoa kalkulatzeko funtsezkoak diren beste elementuak (adb. Irradiazioa, maldak, orientazioa…) konbinatuz, eraikin bakoitzaren urteko, hileko eta eguneko ekoizpena kalkulatuz. Horretaz gain, oinarrizko analisi energetikoa burutu da (eraikin bakoitzaren hornikuntza tasa eta panelen pay back energetikoa kalkulatuz)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16282,2015-12-01,"The current project’s aim is to optimize the parameters of the stamping from the geometry of the dies of an automobile´s piece, in order to ensure the quality of the parameters that are demanded by this type of process to be done. To achieve this objective, we have a finite-element-based simulation software with the name of Pam Stamp 2G, in which it will carry out the design. It addition, it´s available the matrix of the piece required for an easier solution. The project will contain a detailed description of the set up process of the whole academic year, which will be complemented with a Gantt diagram, as well as the decisions taken during the work in order to obtain the optimal development of it. Finally, it will also have a budget with a detailed presentation of the costs of the whole project.","Proiektu honen helburua automobil bateko pieza bati forma emateko behar diren parametroen optimizazioa da trokelen geometria emanda, prozesu hauek bete behar duten kalitate parametroak betetzeko. Helburu hau betetzeko, elementu finituak erabiltzen dituen simulazio programa bat dugu, bere izena Pam-Stamp 2G izanik. Gainera, matrizearen geometria daukagu prozesua errazteko. Proiektuak prozesu guztiko diseinuaren deskripzio zehatza bat edukiko du, urte akademiko osoaren, diagrama Gantt batekin osagarri bezala eta proiektu osoan egindako erabakiak honen garapena optimizatzeko. Azkenik, proiektuan zehar gastatu den diruaren aurrekontu bat egongo da, gastuak zehaztasunen emanda." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21852,2017-03,"This project, that is part of neurGai has consisted of the design and development of a web application. This application shows the data offered by the Fronius inverter located in the electronics department of the Technical and High School of Engineering Bilbao and which in turn is connected to some solar panels on the roof of the department. The data obtained are shown in table format and gives the option of displaying the data in bar graph format. Both the graphs and tables show data such as the solar radiation obtained, wind, energy accumulated during the year and the energy accumulated since the Fronius inverter was first connected. All data is stored in a MySQL-based database. NeurGai is also a project to raise awareness about the need for energy consumption and the use of renewable energies, for this, there is a blog [1] which explains the use of the different tools within the project, among which this Project can be found.","Proiektu hau, neurGai-ren barne dagoena, web aplikazio baten diseinu eta garapenean datza. Aplikazio honek Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoaren elektronikako departamentuan dagoen Fronius alderanztaile baten datuak aurkezten ditu, alderanztaile hau gainera, elektronikako departamentuaren teilatuan dauden eguzki plaka batzuetara konektatuta dago. Lortutako datuak taula formatuan erakusten dira eta barrazko grafikak ikusteko aukera ere ematen du. Hala grafikak nola taula lortutako eguzki irradiantzia, haizea, urtean zehar lortutako energia eta alderanztailea konektatu zenetik lortutako energia bezalako datuak erakusten dute. Datu guztiak MySQL motako datu base batean gorde egiten dira. Gainera, neurGai energia kontsumoa kontrolatu beharraren sentikortasunean eta energia berrezkuragarrien erabilpenean datza, horretarako blog bat dago [1] non proiektu barnean dauden herraminta desberdinen erabilpena azaltzen den, proiektu honena barne." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24385,2010,"The European Union has important implications for the daily reality of citizens, and diverse initiatives in Justice and Interior Affairs have been developed in order to guarantee the peaceful exercise of their rights and liberties. This article reviews the activities of the European Union in the field of Interior Security, and concludes that the Basque Country Police Force, the Ertzaintza, must adapt its action to these activities in order to guarantee the security of the citizens to whom it protects, and to cooperate, networking, in favour of the whole European Union.","Europar Batasunak bere herritarren eguneroko errealitatearen gain egiten duen proiekzioa zabala da eta osatzen duten hiritarren eskubideen eta askatasunaren gozamen baketsua bermatzeko, Justizia eta Barne gaietan zenbait ekimen jarri ditu martxan. Artikulu honek Europar Batasuneko barne-segurtasun arloan indarrean dauden jokaeren berrikuste bat egiten du, Eusko Jaurlaritzapean dagoen polizial-kidegoak, Ertzaintzak hain zuzen ere, jarduera hauetara egokitu beharko duela bere funtzionamendua esateko, estaldura zuzena ematen dien herritarren segurtasuna zihurtatuz eta lankidetzan jardunez gainontzeko EBaren segurtasunaren alde." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13185,2014-07-30T11:12:26Z,"English: In this project a low-cost system has been developed for electrocardiogram reading and visualization in an Android app. An artificial intelligence module was also created to generate an automated and reasoned diagnostic on the received data. The project has been developed around open source technologies: Arduino as the base for the electronic system, Android to access the information on a portable device and CLIPS as the engine for the expert system which generates the diagnostic.","Euskaraz: Proiektu honetan zehar, elektrokardiogramak lortzeko eta ostean Android gailu batean bistaratzeko, kostu baxuko sistema bat garatu da. Horrez gain, jasotako datuetatik, diagnostiko automatikoa eta arrazoitua egiteko gai den modulu adimentsu bat sortu da. Nagusiki, proiektu hau teknologia irekiekin diseinatu eta garatu da: Sistema elektronikoaren osagai nagusi bezala Arduinoa erabili da, gailu mugikor batean datuak bistaratzeko Android sistema erabili da eta, diagnostikoak burutzeko, CLIPS motorean oinarritutako sistema-aditua sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23229,2017-07,"Hydrogels are materials with special properties. Probably, the most distinctive of them is their capability to absorb large quantities of water, increasing their volume considerably but maintaining their original shape. Their porous structure enables them to absorb medicaments that are dissolved in the water. For that reason, hydrogels that are triggered by changes in the environmental temperature have become increasingly interesting in the biomedical field, especially as drug delivery systems and for use in tissue engineering. In this project, formation of a chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) based and antibiotic loaded hydrogel is proposed. Then, speed of load liberation will be measured using a spectrophotometer. Gels with different percentages of chitosan and poly(vinyl alcohol) will be prepared, as well as different antibiotics (levofloxacin and thiamphenicol), so as to analyze the effect of those in the liberation process.","Hidrogelak propietate bereziak dituzten materialak dira. Horietan adierazgarriena ur kantitate handiak xurgatzeko gaitasuna izan daiteke, tamaina asko handituz baina forma galdu gabe. Beraien egitura porotsuak uretan disolbatutako medikamentuak xurgatzea ahalbidetzen du. Horregatik, tenperatura aldaketengatik aktibatutako hidrogelak gero eta interes handiagoa jasotzen ari dira biomedikuntzaren arloan, bereziki medikamentuen liberaziorako sistema gisa eta ehunen ingeniaritzan. Proiektu honetan kitosano eta poli(alkohol biniliko)-an oinarritutako hidrogel baten nahastea proposatzen da, medikamentuarekin kargatua. Jarraian, kargaren askapen abiaduraren neurriak hartuko dira espektrofotometro bat erabiliz. Kitosano eta poli(alkohol biniliko) proportzio ezberdindun gelak prestatuko dira, bai eta medikamentu ezberdindunak (lebofloxazinoa eta tianfenikola). Helburua osagaien proportzioaren aldaketak medikamentuaren askapen abiaduran duen eragina aztertzea izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22917,2017-07,"Nowadays, due to our energy consumption, it is very important to reduce our petrol dependency. In order to that, in this project 2,5-dimethylfuran biofuel is going to be produced by catalyst heterogeneous of 5-hidroximethylfurfural. DMF has physical properties that make strong candidate to be an alternative to gasoline or a oxygenate bio additive that improves the octane rating. Many processes explained in bibliography produce DMF with precious or noble metals, which increase the cost of it. The project aims to address the synthesis of DMF using cheaper transition metals catalysts that make the process economically viable. Cupper catalysts will be used, supported on zirconia, but it will also be analysed the influence of ruthenium, ceria and also nickel in the yield and selectivity for its industrial production.","Gaur egun, gure gizarteak eragin duen energiaren kontsumoa dela eta, petrolioaren dependentzia gutxitzea da helburua. Horretarako, proiektu honen bitartez 2,5-dimetilfurano bioerregaia sortu nahi da, 5-hidroximetilfufuralaren katalisi heterogeneoaren bidez. DMF-k propietate fisiko aproposak ditu gasolinaren alternatiba izateko. Literaturan azaldutako prozesuek bai metal noble bai preziatuen bitartez sortzen dute bioerregaia. Hala ere, proiektu honetan katalizatzaile ez nobleak erabiliko dira, merkeagoa izateagatik. Kobrezko katalizatzaileak izango dira, zirkonioan jaitsita, baina rutenioaren, zerioaren eta nikelaren eragina aztertuko da bioerregaiaren etekina eta hautakortasunari dagokionez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34849,2019-07-26,"This work tries to calculate and analyze the extraction of as much wave energy as possible using an offshore vessel to later on, transfer electricity to other vessels. To carry out the work has had to complete a study of the area where wants to place the ship and also the designs of the ship and electrical machines. In addition, to do all this, we have searched for a suitable area by nautical charts and wave histories, and also, have used many computer programs such as Microsoft Excel, MAXSURF and LabVIEW, among others. The electric machines result in a high power, between 350 and 800kW, extracted from the waves. In the case of the calculations referred to the ship, it is seen that it is able to withstand that type of waves with good stability. For this reason, it is observed that, with this energy extraction system, it is possible to achieve a greater amount of electric energy in comparison with other extraction methods that exist in this field, being able to be a renewable electric energy extraction system with much future, since it can be placed in different parts of the planet having a great performance.","Lan honen bidez offshore itsasontzi batekin olatuen energiarik gehien ateratzeko kalkuluak eta azterketak egin nahi dira, gero energia beste itsasontziei emateko. Lara burutzeko, itsasontzia kokatu nahi den lekuaren azterketa eta itsasontziaren eta makina elektrikoaren diseinuak egin behar dira. Gainera, hori egiteko, karta nautikoen eta olatuen historikoen bitartez eremurik hoberenaren azterketa egiten da, eta hainbat ordenagailu programa erabiltzen dira, besteak beste, Microsoft Excel, MAXSURF eta LabVIEW. Makina elektrikoek olatuetatik atera daitekeen potentzia 350 eta 800 kW arteko balioa ematen du. Itsasontziari egindako kalkuluen kasuan, olatu mota horiek jasateko gai dela ikusten da, eta egonkortasun onarekin. Horregatik, olatuetatik energia ateratzeko sistema honekin, energia elektriko kopuru handiagoa lortu daiteke eremu berdinean dauden beste sistema batzuekin alderatuta. Kontuan izanda sistema hau errendimendu handia izan dezakeela eta munduko leku askotan kokatu daitekeela, sistema honek, energia berriztagarrien erauzketan etorkizun handia izan dezake." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73253,2025-05-07,"In a globalized and technologically advanced context, the acquisition of computer-related skills has become essential for the preparation of students in the 21st century. In this sense, education must adapt to provide students with the skills necessary to succeed in an increasingly digitalized world. Computational thinking emerges as a response to this need, since it is not only about learning to program, but also about developing problem-solving, creativity and critical thinking skills that are essential in a wide range of professional fields. Therefore, the objective of this innovative project has been to create a digital platform aimed at Primary teachers. It has been created to know the general characteristics of the implementation of educational programming and to observe the exercises that can be performed in the different subjects.","Testuinguru globalizatuan eta teknologikoki aurreratuan, informatikarekin lotutako trebetasunak eskuratzea funtsezkoa bihurtu da XXI. mendeko ikasleak prestatzeko. Zentzu horretan, hezkuntza egokitu egin behar da ikasleei gero eta digitalizatuagoa den mundu honetan arrakasta izateko beharrezko trebetasunak emateko. Pentsamendu konputazionala premia horri erantzuteko sortu da; izan ere, programatzen ikasteaz gain, arazoak konpontzeko, sormenerako eta pentsamendu kritikorako trebetasunak garatu nahi dira, funtsezkoak baitira arlo profesional askotan. Horregatik, proiektu berritzaile honen helburua plataforma digital bat sortzea izan da, Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleei bideratuta. Web-orrialdea hezkuntza-programazioa ezartzearen ezaugarri orokorrak ezagutzeko eta hainbat irakasgaitan egin daitezkeen ariketak behatzeko sortu egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50964,2021-04-15,"Gender segregation and stereotypes in society are also reflected in sports, which has a direct impact on students' attitudes and opinions towards them. Therefore, as you work to achieve gender equality in the classroom, it is important to pay attention and work on students' attitudes towards sport and Physical Education too. In this project, an intervention proposal is made to work on gender distinction and attitudes in sport with Primary School students. Some elementary school students have completed a questionnaire on sexist attitudes to identify their views and needs on this topic. Subsequently, an intervention proposal was designed based on the students' responses and an evaluation was carried out to determine their suitability.","Gizartean ematen diren genero bereizketa eta estereotipoak kirol munduan ere islatzen dira eta hauek eragin zuzena daukate ikasleek kirolarekiko dituzten jarrera zein iritzietan. Horregatik, gela barruan genero berdintasuna lortzeko lanketak egiten diren bezala, garrantzitsua da ikasleek kirolarekiko eta Gorputz Hezkuntzarekiko dituzten jarrerei arreta jartzea eta hauen lanketa egitea. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleekin kiroletan ematen diren genero bereizketa eta jarreren lanketa egiteko, esku-hartze proposamen bat egiten da. Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko ikasle batzuek jarrera sexisten inguruko galdetegi bat bete dute gai honen inguruko iritziak eta premiak zeintzuk diren identifikatzeko. Ostean, ikasleen erantzunetatik abiatuta esku-hartze proposamena diseinatu da eta honen egokitasuna zehazteko ebaluazioa egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16254,2015-11-30,This end of degree project has as main objective the design and manufacture of a coaxial continuous nozzle in order to provide cover material for laser cladding. A graphic design and a finite elements program are going to be used in order to determine the behavior of the powder and gas in the inside of the nozzle.,Gradu amaierako lan honen funtzezko helburua “laser cladding” bidez estaldur materiala gehitzeko bokila koaxial baten diseinu eta fabrikazioa garatzea. Horretarako diseinu grafikozko programak erabiliko dira geometria egiteko eta elementu finituzko programak hautsaren eta bokilaren barruko gasaren portaera simulatzeko. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27324,1997,"Religion plays a very important role in configuration of societies’ identity that have differents cultures and developpements. Starting from this idea, certain caracteristics of religious fundamentalismus and their specifications are analyzed. Likewise this text analyses religion’s behaviour on nationalism conflicts and the way that monoteism can use to constitute a great impulse to universality.","Erlijioak oso leku garrantzitsua du mota guztietako gizarteetan, taldearen nortasuna taxutzean alegia. Ideia honetan oinarriturik, erlijio-fundamentalismoen ezaugarri eta adierazpenak aztertzen dira, bakoitzaren berezitasunak azpimarratuz. Aldi berean, erlijioak gatazka nazionalistetan izaten duen jokaera eta monoteismoak, unibertsaltasunera daraman bidean, egin dezakeen lana aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16189,2015-11-25,"Metallic arc welding using covered electrodes is the most common welding process. Sometimes the covering contains naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORMs). In Spain the most frequently used electrodes are covered with rutile mixed with other materials. Rutile contains some detectable natural radionuclides, so it can be considered a NORM. This paper mainly focuses on the application of the methodology set out in the Safety Guide 11.3 of the Nuclear Safety Council (methodology for evaluation of the radiological impact on the NORM industries), as a tool to get the dose at a factory which produces this type of electrode and evaluate the radiological impact on a specific installation. To do this, the required steps were systematically applied to ensure compliance. The benefits inherent in the study were analyzed and areas of higher radiation and the position of workers were identified. Having previously assessed radiation doses by other methods, simulation methods, new radiation protection guidelines, such as the need for personal dosimeters and radiation monitors, were introduced.","Soldadura-prozesurik ohikoena estalitako elektrodoak dituen arku metaliko bidezko soldadura da. Batzuetan estaldura horrek jatorri naturala daukaten material erradiaktiboak (NORM-ak) izaten ditu. Espainian gehien erabiltzen diren elektrodoak errutiloz eta beste materialen nahasketaz estalitakoak dira. Errutiloak zenbait erradionukleido natural detektagarriak ditu, beraz NORM bat bezala har daiteke. Lan honek batez ere Segurtasun Nuklearrerako Kontseiluaren 11.3. Segurtasun Gidan azaldutako metodologiaren aplikazioan jartzen du arreta, elektrodo mota hau ekoizten duen lantegi batean dosiak lortzeko eta instalazio espezifiko batean inpaktu erradiologikoa ebaluatzeko tresna bat bezala. Horretarako, metodologiak eskatutako pausuak aplikatu ziren aipatutako instalazioan. Ikerketari datxekizkion abantailak aztertu egin ziren eta erradiazio-gunerik altuenak identifikatu ziren eta baita langileen posizioa ere. Aurretik beste prozedura batzuen bidez, simulazio-metodoak, burututako dosi-ebaluazioak erabiliz, aipatutako gida betetzeko behar diren babespen erradiologikoko jarraibideak ezarri ziren, dosimetro pertsonalak eta erradiazio-monitoreak kokatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62808,2023-10-10,"In recent years, batteries have gained prominence due to a combination of factors that have increased their importance. Some of these factors include the increasing demand for energy and the adoption of renewable energy sources. Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries (VRFB) are presented as a suitable option for stationary applications, as they offer long life, high efficiency and safety. However, their low power density and high costs are considered major disadvantages for their commercial integration. To address these problems, new cell geometries and electrode configurations are being tested. The aim of this work is to analyse the impact of applying variable electrode compression on the electrochemical performance of vanadium redox flow batteries. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools have been used to carry out this task. The fluid dynamic and electrochemical analysis of the cell has been carried out. In addition, a comparison of the results obtained from applying variable compression with cases with electrode compression has been carried out in order to understand the behaviour of the cell under different conditions. Variable compression offers higher voltage and power density values when working with higher electrolyte flow rates. However, determining the active area value under variable compression is an important factor in improving the performance obtained from variable compression.","Azken urteotan, bateriek protagonismoa irabazi dute, garrantzia handitu duten faktoreen konbinazioaren ondorioz. Faktore horietako batzuk energia-eskaera gero eta handiagoa eta energia-iturri berriztagarriak hartzea dira. Banadiozko redox fluxu-bateriak (VRFB, Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries) aplikazio egonkorretarako aukera egoki gisa aurkezten dira, balio-bizitza luzea, efizientzia eta segurtasun handia eskaintzen baitute. Hala ere, bere potentzia dentsitate baxua eta kostu handiak desabantaila garrantzitsutzat jotzen dira bere integrazio komertzialerako. Arazo horiei aurre egiteko, gelaxkaren geometria berriak eta elektrodoen konfigurazioak probatzen ari dira. Lan honen helburua da banadioko redox fluxu-baterien errendimendu elektrokimikoan elektrodoei konpresio aldakor bat aplikatzearen inpaktua aztertzea. Ataza egiteko Fluido Konputazionalen Dinamikako tresnak erabili dira (CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics). Gelaxkaren analisi fluidodinamikoa eta elektrokimikoa egin du. Gainera, elektrodo-konpresioa duten kasuekin konpresio aldakor bat aplikatzean lortutako emaitzak alderatu dira, gelaxkaren portaera baldintza desberdinetan ulertzeko. Konpresio aldakorrak tentsio eta potentzia dentsitate balio handiagoak eskaintzen ditu elektrolitozko emari handiagoekin lan egiten duenean. Hala ere, konpresio aldakor baten pean eremu aktiboaren balioa zehaztea faktore garrantzitsua da konpresio aldakorretik lortutako errendimendua hobetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29235,2018-10-23,"This project aims to analyze the economic optimization of the operation and the dimensioning of different equipments that make up the thermal installations of a house. For this analysis, a methodology based on linear mathematical programming is presented, analyzing the different equipments available, and selecting the optimum technology from the economic point of view.","Proiektu honekin etxebizitzen instalazio termikoa osatzen duten ekipo desberdinen jardute eta diseinuaren optimizazio ikuspuntu ekonomikotik aztertuko da. Aipaturiko analisirako programazio matematiko linealean oinarrituta dagoen metodologia azaltzen da, ekipo desberdinak aztertuz ingurumenaren eta ekonomiaren ikuspuntutik teknologia egokiena hautatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26322,1988,"Regarding the necessary renewal of Juvenile Tutelary Law, the inspiring criteria of this legislative reform are started in this article in relation to age limits, characteristics of juvenile courts and penalty responses in the light of Comparative Law.","Adin-txikikoen tutoretzako zuzenbidea berritzeko beharra dela eta, Legegintzako erreforma oinarritzen direneko eripideak aztertuko dira. Hauexek dira erreformatu beharrekoak: Adin-mugak gazteurrapenazko kontzeptua, auzitegien ezaugarriak eta zuzenbide konparatuak ematen dituen zehapenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14398,2015-02-12,"In this project it is designed and developed everything that is needed for the creation and establishment of an integrated communication system for ambulances using new generation networks, following the NGN structure (Next Generation Networking). With this aim, the usual operation of the ambulances and their methodology regarding the use of the current media is analysed in depth. Thereby, the system is developed fulfilling all the current emergency services media requirements and making up for their deficiencies, being extremely relevant all the multimedia communications.","Proiektu honetan, belaunaldiko sare berriak erabiliz, anbulantzientzako komunikabide sistema integral osoa diseinatu eta garatuko da NGN (Next Generation Networking) egitura jarraituz. Lan honekin,gaur egun anbulantzietan erabiltzen diren komunikabideen funtzionamenduaren eta metodologiaren erabilpena aztertu nahi da. Horrela, sistemaren garapena burutuko da, gaur egungo komunikabideen ezaugarriak betetzen eta egon ahal diren hutsuneak osatzen, multimedia komunikabide guztiak garrantzitsuenak izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41361,2020-02-20,"The aim of the present research is to analyse the training, knowledge, experiences and modes for intervention of Primary School teachers with students with ADHD. For this purpose, the MAE-TDAH questionnaire and another created by the author of this study were used and applied to 43 teachers from 9 different education centres. In this way, the results showed that teachers have little training, limited knowledge and some intervention difficulties with these students.","Ikerketa honen xedea Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleriak AGHA daukan ikasleriaren inguruan duen prestakuntza, ezaguerak, esperientziak eta esku-hartze moduak aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, MAE-TDAH galdetegia eta ikerketa honen egileak sortutako beste galdetegi bat erabili ziren, eta 9 hezkuntza zentro ezberdinetako 43 irakaslek bete egin zituzten. Horrela, emaitzak agerian utzi zuten irakasleen prestakuntza eskasa, ezaguera mugatuak eta ikasle hauekin esku-hartzeko zailtasun batzuk." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72715,2025-02-13,"In recent years, the advance of Machine Learning (ML) and the digitization of information have significantly transformed healthcare systems, enabling more efficient and accurate management of clinical data. However, there are difficulties in obtaining data from this sector due to patient privacy and the sensitivity of the information. This makes it difficult to access and use the large volumes of data needed to train ML models. The objective of this project is to segment sections in unstructured clinical narratives in Spanish to facilitate the extraction and processing of relevant information. To meet this objective, techniques will be used to increase the amount and diversity of data and to use the latter to train a model capable of detecting predefined parts in clinical narratives. Different methods and techniques from Natural Language Processing (NLP) will be combined and will be able to work with limited and unstructured data. Through section segmentations, healthcare personnel will have better access to clinical information, which significantly improves the quality of patient care. In addition, this project defines a standard for clinical narratives and will also facilitate the exchange of information between healthcare systems. All this, in addition to optimizing time and resources, reduces the risk of medical errors and improves coordination between healthcare institutions. This project represents a significant advance in the field of NLP applied to medicine. It lays the groundwork for future work to further improve the management and analysis of clinical data in different healthcare environments.","Azken urteotan, Ikasketa Automatikoaren (Machine Learning, ML) aurrerapenak eta informazioaren digitalizazioak nabarmen eraldatu dituzte osasun-sistemak, datu klinikoen kudeaketa eraginkorragoa eta zehatzagoa ahalbidetuz. Hala ere, sektore horretako datuak lortzeko zailtasunak daude, pazienteen pribatutasuna eta informazioaren sentsibilitatea direla eta. Horrek zaildu egiten du ML ereduak entrenatzeko behar diren datu-bolumen handiak eskuratzea eta erabiltzea. Proiektu honen helburua gaztelaniazko egituratu gabeko narratiba klinikoetan atalak segmentatzea da, informazio garrantzitsuaren erauzketa eta prozesaketa errazteko. Helburu hori betetzeko datuen kopurua eta aniztasuna handitzeko teknikak erabiliko dira, eta azken horiek narratiba klinikoetan aurrez definitutako atalak detektatzeko gai den eredu bat entrenatzeko erabiltzeko. Hizkuntza Naturalaren Prozesamenduaren (Natural Language Processing, NLP) hainbat metodo eta teknika konbinatzen dira, eta horiek datu mugatuekin eta egituratu gabeekin lan egiteko gai izango dira. Atalen segmentazioen bidez osasun-langileek informazio klinikoa eskuragarriago izango dute, eta horrek nabarmen hobetzen du pazientearen arretaren kalitatea. Gainera, proiektu horrek narratiba klinikoetarako estandar bat definitzen du, eta, era berean, osasun-sistemen arteko informazio-trukea ere erraztuko du. Guzti horrek denbora eta baliabideak optimizatzeaz gain, akats medikoak izateko arriskua murrizten du eta osasun-erakundeen arteko koordinazioa hobetzen du. Proiektu hau aurrerapen esanguratsua da medikuntzari aplikatutako NLP esparruan. Etorkizuneko lanetarako oinarriak definitzen ditu, osasun-ingurune desberdinetan datu klinikoen kudeaketa eta analisia are gehiago hobetuko dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47012,2020-10-19,"ABSTRACT (inglés) This project describes the process of designing and manufacturing a progressive die for the serial production of an engine mounting bracket. To do this, it proceeds to study the piece and the optimal process for its manufacture. The arrangement of the sheet metal strip is also studied prior to the design of the tooling, in order to optimize the process to the maximum and obtain good performance and economic viability. It is justified by analysis and theoretical foundation each and every one of the decisions made in the design process. Once the design is completed, a budget is made to estimate the cost of design and manufacture of the tooling.","LABURPENA (euskera) Proiektu honetan, motorra muntatzeko euskarri baten serieko produkziorako trokel progresiboa diseinatzeko eta fabrikatzeko prozesua deskribatzen da. Horretarako, pieza diseinatzeko eta fabrikatzeko prozesu egokiena jarraitzen da. Erreminten diseinua egin baino lehenago xaflaren moldaketa ere aztertzen da, prozesua ahalik eta gehien optimizatzeko eta errendimendu ona eta bideragarritasun ekonomikoa lortzeko. Diseinu prozesuan hartutako erabaki guztiak aztertuta eta oinarri teorikoz justifikatuta daude. Diseinua bukatzean, erremintaren diseinuaren eta fabrikazioaren kostua balioesteko aurrekontua egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25844,2018-03-21,"ÈN] The present work tries to bring the Greek myths to the classrooms of Pre-Primary Education since these have been referents of multitude of artistic productions throughout history, becoming part of our collective imaginary. Because of their antiquity, myths share certain characteristics with folk tales, and although there are adaptations intended for children, neither the first nor the second foster their visual reading. Therefore, this work proposes the creation of a purely illustrated album, based on an own adaptation of the myth of Perseus, to use it in a children's classroom as a resource through which children can become familiar with mythology and also star working both with intertextuality and visual language.","Hurrengo lanak Greziako mitoak Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgeletan ekartzea du helburu, zeren hauek historian zehar hainbat ekoizpen artistikoen erreferenteak izan baitira, gure irudimen kolektiboaren parte bilakatuz. Bere antzinatasunagatik, mitoek herri-ipuinekin zenbait ezaugarri partekatzen dituzte, eta nahiz eta haurrei zuzendutako egokitzapenak existitu, ez lehenak ezta bigarrenak ere ez dute ikus irakurketa sustatzen. Beraz, lan honek guztiz ilustratutako album bat proposatzen du, Pertseoren mitoaren egokitzapen propioan oinarrituta, baliabide gisa Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean erabiltzeko, horren bidez, haurrek mitologiarekin ohitu ahal izateko eta, era berean, testuartekotasuna eta ikus hizkuntza landuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25591,1994,"This statistical research concluded an automatic classification of residents population in Proyecto Hombre at Guipúzcoa, taking as a basis an opinion poll accomplished amongst the 360 persons tended in this region, and it is obtained a typology of these residents.","Ikerketa estatiztiko honek ""Gipuzkoako Giza Helburu""-an bizilagunen biztanlegoaren klasifikazio automatikoa egiten du, lurralde honetan zainduak izan diren 360 lagun artean egindako inkesta batean oinarrituz, eta aipatutako bizilagunen tipologia lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14084,2015-01-19,"The aim of this work is, to analyse and to examine, the work of the intuition and the creativity in the problems of books of text of Primary Education, taking as base EAE's curriculum. In turn, they will put in practical on creative problems with a group of children who work books of text with this type of lacks, there being analysed the behaviour and the reaction of the pupils.","Lan honen helburua, EAE-ko curriculuma oinarritzat hartuz, Lehen Hezkuntzako testuliburuetan sormena eta intuizioa garatzen diren problemak lantzen diren, aztertu eta analizatzea da. Horrez gain, testuliburuan atal honetan gabeziak dituzten haur talde batean, mota hauetako problemak praktikan jarriko dira, beraien jarrera eta erantzuna aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26697,1995,"After an exam about origin and causes of the Refugee phenomenon, its incidence in present society, the generalized preoccupation produced and the measures adopted by governments are studied. And, trough the analusis of the legislation in the matter, it is explained how this phenomenon put up with the loss of juridical system of guarantees.","Errefuxiatuaren irudiaren jatorri eta zergatiak aztertu ondoren, gaurko gizartean honek duen eragina, sortu duen kezka eta Gobernuek hartu dituzten neurriak ikertu egiten dira. Eta horri buruzko legegintzaren analisiaz, fenomeno honek bermeetako sistema juridikoaren haustura suposatzen duela azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26577,1994-12,"Taking into account population mouvements, it is analysed the challenge of the will of creating an open, solidarity and multicultural society, and the means which can be provided by the institutions in order to fight for cultural integration, the effectivity of human rights and peace are presented.","Biztanlego mugimenduen aurrean, gizarte ireki, elkartuta eta kultur askotako sortzeko borondatea suposatzen duen erronka aztertzen da, eta kultur integrazio, giza eskubideen izatea, eta pakea lortzeko Erakundeek eraman ditzaketen bideak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23070,2017-09,"The aim of this Project is the setting-up of a contact manager which allows to create, delete and modify the contacts through the web and synchronize them with an Android device using open source libraries and infrastructure. Through this manager the contacts elds will be able to be modi ed in a easy and in a transparent way, allowing the users with less experience who wants to use a synchronize CardDAV based service without having to modify the vCards by their own. Also in this project it will be implemented a contact management system in a di erent way of the Google alternative, without the edition and synchronization mechanisms of Google, which allows the user to keep his contact privacy.","Proiektu honen helburua kontaktu-gestore bat sortzea da, kontaktuakweb bidez sortzeko, ezabatzeko eta aldatzeko gai izango dena; eta baita Android gailuekin sinkronizatzeko gai ere, liburutegi eta software askea erabiliz. Gestore honen bidez, kontaktu baten eremuak eraldatu ahal izango ditu erabiltzaileak web bidez, era erraz eta garden baten bidez. Horrela, oso esperientziadun ez diren erabiltzaileek CardDAV sinkronizazioan oinarritutako zerbitzu bat erabili ahal izango dute vCard-ak zuzenean eraldatu barik. Horretaz gain, kontaktu-gestio bat inplementatuko da, Google-ek proposatutakoaren ezberdina, non Google-en edizio- eta sinkronizazio-mekanismoak erabili barik, gure kontaktu-gestioaren pribatutasuna mantenduko den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36589,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the main objective of this final degree work is to analyse the impact of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes(MWCNTs)adhesion,in the microstructure and in vitro degradation of porous scaffolds, for tissue engineering,made from PLLA (Poly-L-lactic) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) particles. For this, Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) technique has been used.An in vitro degradation has been realized once the scaffolds obtained,during someweeks,taking some data such as: amount of water absorbed, pH variation and the loss of mass. Then, a Differential Calorimetry Scanning (DSC) has been done and the microstructure has been observed using the Electronic Scanning Microscopy (SEM) of the university.","Laburpena: gradu amaierako lan honen helburuaAniztun Hormako Karbono Nano-hodien (MWCNTs)gehiketa,ehunen ingeniaritzan egindako PLLA (Poli-L-lactida) eta nanohidroxiapatita(nHA)partikulez osatutakoaldamio porotsuen mikroegituran eta in vitroko degradazioan duen eraginaaztertzea izan da. Horretarako, termikoki eragindako fase bereizketa (TIPS) teknika erabili da, liofilizagailu baten bidez. Aldamioak behin lortuta, zenbaitasteko in vitro degradazioa egin da, hainbat datu hartuz, hala nola: xurgatutako ur kantitatea, pH-bariazioa eta galdutako masa. Ondoren, analisi termiko diferentziala (DSC) egin da eta unibertsitateko ekorkeka elektronikoko mikroskopioan (SEM) aztertu egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25030,2006,"Requirements that must be fulfilled for the enforcement, if appropriate, of the article 30 of the Spanish Penal Law to crimes committed in the Internet are briefly exposed. Taking this into account, juridical and penal problems related to some kind of crimes that are criminologically relevant are analyzed. These are: copyright crimes, deceptive publicity and pornography distribution when minors or incapables have taken part of it.","Zigor kodeko 30. artikulua aplikatzeko, bidezkoa baldin bada, behar diren baldintzen gaineko azalpena gauzatzen da, Internet erabiliaz egindako delituentzako. Oinarri honen bitartez kriminologiaren eremuan garrantzi handia duten delitu taldeen arazo politiko-penalak aztertzen dira laburki, hala nola, jabetza intelektualaren kontrako delituak, publizitate iruzurtia eta adingabe edo ezgaiek parte hartu duten pornografiaren zabalkundea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19454,2016-10-28,"The ADM group of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of the Basque Country develops a research line based on slewing bearings and the current project is part of this investigation. The purpose of the project is to obtain an analytical formula that fits the output data from a series of analysis permormed via finite element method for slewing bearings by the ADM group. This analysis has modeled a sector of the bearing and has obtained the friction moment under preload conditions. These values of friction moment must be fitted to an analytical formula considering three variables (preload, initial contact angle, and osculation ratio). Once created a methodology for fitting analytical expressions, this may be used for future work of the research group.","Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko ingeniaritza mekanikako departamentuko ADM taldeak ikerketa ildo bat du iraultze errodamenduen inguruan. Hemen deskribatutako proiektua ikerketa honen parte da. Errodamendu mota hauek elementu finituen bidez analizatu dira, eta bertan lortutako emaitzak kalkulatzeko gai den formula bat proposatu nahi da proiektu honetan. Aipaturiko analisian, errodamendu zati bat modelizatu eta aurrekarga baldintzatan marruskadura momentua kalkulatu da. Kalkulaturiko balio horiek proposatutako formularekin bat etorri behar dute, hiru parametroen arabera (aurrekarga, hasierako kontaktu angelua eta baterakotasuna). Proiektuarekin batera, ikerketa taldeak etorkizunean erabiltzeko eta adierazpen analitikoak kalkulatzeko metodologia lortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29295,2018-10-23,"Coach and bus are the most used public transport in Eibar. Nevertheless, the current bus station is obsolete as for both size and services. It has no enough space for all the coach and bus traffic and the waiting area is located out in the open. In order to satisfy all current needs, the ESTUDIO DE EMPLAZAMIENTO Y PROYECTO DE CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA NUEVA ESTACIÓN DE AUTOBUSES DE EIBAR project has been developed. This project departs from the necessity of a new bus station for finding the best location, assigning the most efficient distribution and defining the new bus station as well as its execution.","Autobusa da eibartar gehiagok erabiltzen duten garraio publikoa. Hala ere, gaur egungo autobus geltokia zaharkituta geratu egin da, bai tamainan bai zerbitzuetan. Ez dauka nahiko espaziorik autobus trafiko guztia jasartzeko eta itxaroteko gunea egurats zabalean dago. Egungo behar guztiak asetzeko ESTUDIO DE EMPLAZAMIENTO Y PROYECTO DE CONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA NUEVA ESTACIÓN DE AUTOBUSES DE EIBAR proiektu hau garatu da. Proiektua geltoki berri baten beharrik hasten da kokapen egokiena bilatzeko, era eraginkorrenean banatzeko eta autobus geltoki berria bai bere eraikuntza definitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14023,2015-01-16,"In this work the main characteristics of the accentual system of ten young people from Ondarroa are studied. On the one hand, their mother tongue, or as here presented as the home model has been investigated, and on the other hand their school model. The main objective is to prove not only that both accentual systems are completely different but also that they work like two different languages. That is why a list of nouns and adjectives have been elaborated in order to observe what happens to the accent. Next, the informers have been recorded. Finally, the data has been analised and in the end it has been proved that both accentual systems are totally different. As a conclusion, it is necessary to create didactic proyects for school.","Lan honetan hamar neska-mutil gazte ondarrutarren azentu ereduaren ezaugarri nagusiak aztertzen dira. Alde batetik, beraien ama hizkuntzaren eredua, hemen etxeko eredutzat aurkezten da, eta bestetik, euskara estandarra edo eskolakoa. Helburua, eredu bi hauek zeharo ezberdinak izateaz gain, bi hizkuntza ezberdin bezala funtzionatzen dutela frogatzea da. Horretarako, izen eta adjektiboen zerrenda bat egin eta azentuari zer gertatzen zaion aztertu da. Ondoren, smartphone batez baliatuz informanteak grabatu eta hauen transkripzioak egin dira. Azkenik, emaitzak analizatu ondoren, hasierako helburua betetzen dela ikusten da, hots, eredu biak ezberdinak direla. Ondorioz, eskolarako proposamenak sortzea ezinbestekoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26214,1994-12,"The conflicts created because of present forced migrations generate a new delinquency, and these population groups members assume the role of system victimary and victim. This system, although formed in accordance with majorities principle, must guarantee minorities rights.","Gaur egungo ezinbesteko migrazioek sorturiko arazoek gaizkintza berri bat sorrerazten dute, gainera biztanlego talde hauetako kideek sistemaren biktimario eta biktimaren eginkizuna onartuz. Sistema honek, gehiengoen oinarriaren arabera eratzen bada ere, gutxiengoen eskubidea bermatu behar du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14091,2015-01-19,"Abstract: We have studied the autonomous behaviour of two year old children based on the succesfull academic method from the Emmi-Pikler and Pikler-Loczy Institute. This has been carried out by giving freedom to areas where autonomous behaviour could be developed, whereas reducing the involvement of the educators and leaving free spaces to children. We have observed the ability to put on their blouse, buttoning it and tying the shoelaces at the time of going to the canteen. After seeing a positive evolution and the cooperative mood created among children in all the studied areas, we can deduce the importance of the increase of the autonomy. It is in the hand of the educators and adults extend appropriate conditions to help children in their way to an autonomous behaviour, to recognize their achievements and give them continuous positive feedback. However, while always realizing the different goals and rythms that children may have.","Laburpena: Emmi-Pikler eta Pikler-Lóczy Institutuaren hezkuntza eredu arrakastatsua oinarritzat harturik, 2 urteko haurren jarduera autonomoaren bilakaera behatu da. Jarduera autonomoari lekua eskaintzen ez zitzaion ekintza batean lekua utziz, hezitzaileok esku hartze zuzena txikituz eta haurrei lekua eginez. Jantokira joateko atontze unean brusa jantzi, botoiak lotu eta adurretakoa janzteko izan duten gaitasuna behatu da. Azterturiko arlo guztietan haurrek izandako bilakaera positiboa eta sortu den lankidetza giroa ikusirik jarduera autonomoak fruituak eman dituela esan dezakegu. Hezitzaile eta helduon esku dago haurrak jarduera autonomora bidean lagundu eta berau garatzeko baldintza egokiak sortzea, lorpenak aitortzea, etengabeko feedback positiboan. Haurrek ezarritako helburu eta erritmo desberdinak onartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31751,2019-02-28,"Nowadays society is surrounded by technology. For this reason, the use of Internet has reached to schools and leisure time. Children between 10-13 years of age are immersed in the social media and we have to be aware of the risks they can cause. In fact, the well-known bullying of a few years ago is becoming cyberbullying and many of young people are being attacked throuth Internet rather than on the street. This work presents an innovative proposal to work Cyberbullying: a MOOC course aimed at children aged 10-13 years. This Mooc offers a site for teachers and students of third cycle of Primary Education, so that the can learn how to act on the Internet in a safe way. Because, it has been proven that many times they do not know how to deal with this type of Cyberbullying situations.","Gaur egun, teknologiaz inguratuta gaudela esan daiteke. Hori dela eta edozein esparrutan Interneta erabiltzen da, bai ikastetxean bai aisialdian. 10-13 urte bitarteko haurrek Interneta eta sare sozialak erabiltzen dituzte eta horietan ager daitezkeen arriskuak jakin beharko lituzkete. Izan ere, lehen hain famatua zen bullyinga cyberbullyinga bihurtzen ari da eta gazte askok eraso gehiago jasotzen dute Interteten bitartez kalean baino. Lan honek Cyberbullyinga ekiditzeko proposamen berritzaile bat aurkezten du: 10-13 urtetako gaztetxoentzako eta umeentzako MOOC ikastaro bat. Ikastaro honen bitartez, ikasle eta irakasleentzat gune bat eskaintzen da, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleekin lantzeko eta modu horren bitartez sarean modu seguru batean jokatzen ikasteko. Egiaztatuta baitago ez dakitela nola aurre egin Cyberbullying egoerei." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20069,2017-01-03,"In the last decades the medical field has boosted the manufacture of new synthetic polymers that satisfy the demand of biodegradable materials in clinical applications. The aim of this project is copolymerizing dl,lactide (D,L-LA) with ethylene brassylate (EB) as a strategy to obtain a set of materials that improve the flexibility and ductility of polylactide maintaining the amorphous character of the poly (d, l-lactide). To get this various copolymers containing a 3 to 39% of EB were synthesized by ring opening polymerization and its chemical and physical properties were evaluated in comparison with the poly(d,l-lactide) ones. Those polymers with 5-12% of EB (which had a transition temperature above 25 °) proved to be the most interesting ones because of its high rate of degradation (5-6 times the corresponding homopolymer of PDLLA), its improved thermal stability and their attractive mechanical properties both room temperature (introduction of the material) and at 37ºC, the human body temperature.","Zenbait erabilera klinikoek duten material biodegradagarrien eskaria asetzeko polimero sintetiko berrien fabrikazioa bultzatu du medikuntza eremuak azken hamarkadetan. Proiektu honek dl,lactida (D,L-LA) eta ethylene brassylate (EB) kopolimerizatzea du helburu, polilactiden malgutasuna eta harikortasuna hobetzen duten eta poli(d,l-lactida)-ren izaera amorfoa mantentzen duten materialak lortzeko estrategia gisa. Horretarako, eraztun irekiera bidezko polimerizazio bidez, EB-ko ehuneko ezberdinak (3-tik 39%-ra) zuten zenbait kopolimero sintetizatu ziren eta, ondoren, haien propietate fisiko zein kimikoak aztertu ziren poli(d,l-lactida)-rekin alderatuz. 5 eta 12% tarteko EB zuten kopolimeroek (25ºC-tik gorako trantsizio tenperatura aurkeztu zutenak) interesgarrienak izan ziren beren degradazio abiadura handiagatik (PDLLA homopolimeroak baino 5-6 aldiz handiagoa), egonkortasun termiko hobetuagatik eta propietate mekaniko erakargarriengatik, giro tenperaturan (materialaren ezartzea) zein 37ºC-tan (giza gorputzeko tenperatura)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36040,2019-10-17,"The present project that has been carried out in Ibermática S.A., describes the process used to develop new customized features for the Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online platform for its integration with the BPM VDoc support platform. The result has been the creation of two totally differentiated applications, on the one hand, a Windows application that allows the automatic creation of marketing lists and the synchronization of contacts between platforms and, on the other, a plug-in that triggers the Sales record flow from the CRM. In order to achieve these results, it was necessary to know the platforms to be integrated, analyze the needs of the interested parties, propose a solution and perform software tests to guarantee that the functional specifications are met. The implementation has been made using a variety of Microsoft .NET framework technologies, highlighting the software development kit (SDK) for Microsoft Dynamics 365 that allows access to CRM data and metadata.","Proiektu hau Ibermática S.A.-n burutu da, Espainiako merkatuaren Informazio-Teknologien zerbitzu konpainia nagusietako bat. Horrela, memoriahonek Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online plataformarako pertsonalizatutako ezaugarri berriak garatzeko prozesua azaltzen du, BPM VDocplataformarekin integratzeko.Erabat desberdinakdiren bi aplikazioak sortzeaizan da emaitza, alde batetik, Windows aplikazioa, marketing-zerrendakautomatikoki sortzea eta plataformen arteko kontaktuak sinkronizatzea ahalbidetzen duena eta, bestetik, plugin-a CRM-ren salmenten erregistroa sortzen duena.Emaitza horiek lortzeko, integratu behar diren plataformak ezagutu izan behar dira, interesatuen beharrak aztertu, irtenbide bat proposatu eta software-probak eginfuntzionaltasunzehaztapenak betetzen direla bermatzeko.InplementazioaMicrosoft-eko .NET frameworkteknologia barietate handia erabilita egin dabaina,batez ere, Microsoft Dynamics 365 softwarearen garapen kit-a (SDK) azpimarratubehar da CRM datu eta metadatuak lortzeko gai delako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37075,2019-12-19,"This Final Degree Project provides the research and analysis of several parallel manipulators’ working area, 5R, Delta and Stewart robots in particular. In addition, the modelling for a possible implementation for each of these robots has been carried out. The analysis has been accomplished by using GIM software (created by CompMech group) which allows the manipulators’ modelling, their kinematics, dynamics and working area’s research. The main goal of this project is to expand the development of parallel manipulators and to optimize their working area.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan maneigailu paralelo batzuen lan espazioaren analisia eta ikerketa egin da, zehazki 5R, Delta eta Stewart robotak. Horrez gain, robot bakoitzarentzako erabil daitekeen aplikazioa modelatu egin da. Analisia GIM softwaren bidez (CompMech taldeak sortuta) burutu da. Software honi esker maneigaluen ereduak egin ahal dira, baita zinematika, dinamika eta lan espazioarena ere. Lan honen helburu nagusia maneigailu paraleloen garapena gehitzea da eta lan espazioa optimizitzea ere bai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16326,2015-12-03,"This project aims at supporting the generation of energy by cogeneration using a renewable energy source. It is intended to propose a solution that meets the basic needs of the University Hospital of Alava, at its headquarters of the Hospital de Santiago, in an economically profitable way. This project is part of efforts to promote renewable energies that began with the Kyoto protocol, which was followed by the Europe 20/20/20 goals. An approach to the utilization of geothermal energy as a renewable energy source that reduces the environmental impact will be made. The hospital building to take in consideration has already a system of energy generation with cogeneration, considered within the special regime according to the use of residual energy for processes that otherwise would have required fuel consumption. Different alternatives for generating thermal energy using a geothermic source will be raised. Geothermal energy being from renewable sources, it is a source of non-fossil fuel energy, and its benefits will be placed analyzing how it improves the carbon footprint of the hospital. Finally, to assess whether this is a viable project an economic study will be consider analyzing the budget and profitability analysis.","Proiektu honen helburua kogenerazioaren bidez sortutako energiaren zati bat energia berriztagarri batek ekoiztutako energiaren bidez ordeztea da. Areago, Arabako Ospitale Unibertsitarioaren egoitza den Santiagoko Ospitalearen beharrak asetzen dituen eta ekonomikoki errentagarria den soluzioa planteatu nahi da. Proiektu hau energia berriztagarrien sustapenaren ahaleginen barnean sartzen da Kito Protokoloarekin hasitakoak eta Europa 20/20/20 helburuekin finkatutakoak. Energia geotermikoaren erabileraren hurbilpen bat egingo da, kontuan harturik energia iturri hau ingurumen-inpaktua murrizten duela. Aukeratutako eraikina jadanik energiaren sorkuntzarako kogenerazio bidezko sistema bat du bere baitan. Hau erregimen bereziaren barnean sartu egiten da hondar-energiaren erabilera dela eta, erregaiaren kontsumoaren beharra murrizten baitu. Energia geotermiakoak energia termikoaren sorkuntzan eskaintzen dizkigun aukera desberdinak aurkeztuko dira eta honen onurak egiaztatuko dira ospitalearen karbono aztarna aztertuz. Azkenik, proiektu eraginkorra dela egiaztatzeko dagokion ikasketa ekonomikoa burutuko da, aurrekontuaren eta errentagarritasunaren analisia eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20895,2017-03-09,"We present this work with the objective of making everyone become themselves into a musical instrument, because we think it is a good resource to develop creativity, expression and audition in Child Schools. With this purpose, we have created an educational project based on the use of body and voice for which we have had into account the Curriculum as well as some methodological proposals. Our project has many different activities which we had the opportunity to prove in a school. The results we have obtained in these have pointed out the sense and the origin of our work: whatever resource is enough to play music and therefore, to put out the world we have inside. The teacher has the task to create and give different resources that make getting this objective possible.","Nork bere burua musika-tresna bilakatzeko asmoarekin aurkezten dugu lan hau, izan ere, Haur Hezkuntzako gelan sormena, adierazpena zein entzumena garatzeko baliabide ezin hobea delakoan baikaude. Helburu horrekin, gorputza eta ahotsaren erabileran oinarritzen den irakaskuntza-proiektu bat sortzea izan da gure nahia; horretarako, hainbat proposamen metodologiko eta Curriculuma kontuan hartu ditugularik. Proiektua eskola batean burutu ahal izan ditugun jarduera ezberdinetan datza, eta ateratako emaitzek baieztatzen dute lanaren zentzua eta abiapuntua; hots, edozein errekurtso nahikoa dela musika sortzeko, eta honen bidez, gure barruko munduari irtenbidea emateko eta garatzen laguntzeko. Irakaslearen egitekoa hori posible bihurtuko duten aukera ezberdinak sortu eta eskaintzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54018,2021-11-23,"This project provides a design and implementation of a certificate validation system for Internet of Things (IoT) scenarios. During the establishment of a secure communication, a significant step to carry out by an endpoint is to authenticate the remote communication peer, which usually involves validating the digital certificate of that peer. Unfortunately, this leads to a significant computing cost; thus, validation becomes difficult for IoT devices to perform. Therefore, this project proposes a solution whose scope is to delegate certificate validation actions to another intermediate device in the network in a totally transparent way for the remote peers. In this case, a programmable switch is going to check the authenticity of the endpoint an IoT device is going to communicate with. In particular, it will verify the signature of the certificate and check whether it is revoked. This system will be implemented on the basis of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and In-Network Computing (INC) as they are particularly well-suited to IoT scenarios. In order to make the switch carry out validation operations, both its control and data plane will be programmed. Finally, the impact that this solution has on network performance will be evaluated.","Proiektu honek Internet of Things-en (IoT) inguruneetan ziurtagiriak balioztatzen dituen sistema baten diseinua eta inplementazioa aurkezten ditu. Komunikazio seguru bat ezarri arte ematen den prozesuan ezinbestekoa da komunikazio amaierako entitateak beste muturra balioztatzea, honek dakarren ziurtagiri digitalaren balioztapenarekin batera. Zoritxarrez, honek balio konputazional handia du, eta beraz, zaila da IoT gailuetan balioztapena egitea. Horregatik, proiektu honek hurrengo helburua duen soluzio bat proposatzen du: ziurtagiria balioztatzeko ekintzak sareko bitarteko beste gailu baten esku uztea, modu guztiz gardenean. Kasu honetan, IoT gailuarekin komunikatuko den urruneko muturreko baliozkotasuna switch programagarri baten bidez frogatuko da. Bereziki, ziurtagiriaren sinadura baieztatuko du eta baliogabetua dagoen frogatuko du. Sistema hau software bidez definitutako sareetan (SDN) eta sareko konputazioan (INC) oinarrituko da. Izan ere, IoT inguruneetara bereziki ongi egokitzen dira. Switch-ak balioztatze ekintzak aurrera eramateko, bere kontrol planoa zein datuen planoa programatuko dira. Azkenik, soluzio honek sarearen errendimenduan duen eragina ebaluatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36614,2019-11-28,"In this B.Sc. Thesis a mobile application aimed to improve Firefighting and Rescue Service’s mission-criticalcommunicationssystems,to be run on top of augmented reality (AR) glasses,is presented. The rationale behind this thesis is,in a nutshell,the following: firefighters while wearingthe smart glasses, will be able to managetheircommunication system through specific voice commands, allowing them to make and answer private or group calls aswell as emergency calls. In addition, the images recorded by the glasses will be sentto a server. In this way, a live-broadcast video of the emergency at handwill be available atthe main fire station. The enhanced situational awareness brought by the video and the invaluable informationthereinwill thus help to optimizethe decision-making process and the overall response to the emergency.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan SISZ(Su Itzaltze eta Salbamendu Zerbitzua)-ren misio kritikoetako komunikazio sistema hobetzera bideratuta dagoen aplikazio mugikor bat aurkezten da, betaurreko adimendun batzuen bidez inplementatuko dena. Proiektuaren planteamendu nagusia ondorengoa da: suhiltzaileek betaurreko adimenduak jantzirik eramango dituzte, egoera kritikoetan komunikazio sistemaren kudeaketa ahotsaren bidez egin ahalko dutelarik, ahots komando jakin batzuei erantzuten dien aplikazio batez baliatuz. Ahotsa erabiliz, dei arruntak zein larrialdiko deiak egin eta jaso ahalko dituzte, pribatuak edo taldekoak, baita betaurrekoen kameraren bidez grabatutako irudiak zerbitzari batera bidali ere. Era honetan, zentral nagusian egoeraren eta ingurunearen berri izango da zehaztasun handiz eta eman beharreko erantzunaren gestioa optimizatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16435,2015-12-11,"EN]This is a document done to try to see the effect of a nuclear power plant accident. In particular, it studies what would be the radiation doses delivered to the people in the close areas around the power plant of Garoña, if it had suffered from a loss of coolant accident during its normal functioning.","Agiri hau istripu nuklear baten ondorioak analizatzeko intentzioarekin dago egina. Garoña eta inguruko poblazioak zein dosi jasoko luketeen nuklear zentralak martxan ziharduen bitartean, zentralak hozgarri jario bat sufrituko balu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19917,2016-12-21,"The mobile communication technologies have evolved incredibly during the last decade, when technologies such as 3G and 4G have been developed and deployed massively. The latter, within its LTE (Long Term Evolution) standard, has offered users a way to connect to the internet at high speed rates, almost at any geographical point. At the same time, the wireless user's demand of streaming and video services has increased considerably during the mentioned period. The aim of this Master's Degree Final Project is to study the development of LTE's alternative broadcast technology eMBMS (enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Sevice), also known as LTE Broadcast, within 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project). After its deployment in LTE networks, it will allow users to have television and streaming services on their mobile receivers anywhere.","Komunikazio-teknologia mugikorrek bilakaera nabarmena izan dute azken hamarkadan, 3G eta 4G bezalako teknologiak garatu eta hedatu direlarik. Aipatutako azken teknologia horren, 4G-ren, LTE (Long Term Evolution) estandarrak, erabiltzaileei ia edozein puntu geografikotan abiadura handiko interneterako konexioa eman die. Aldi berean, azken hamarkadan, erabiltzaile mugikorrek gero eta gehiago eskatzen dituzte streaming eta haririk gabeko zerbitzuak. Master Amaierako Lan honetan, 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) estandarizazio foroak garatutako LTE-ren eMBMS (enhanced Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Sevice) irratidifusio teknologia alternatiboa ikertzen da. Teknologia honen hedatze masiboaren ostean, erabiltzaileek telebista eta streaming zerbitzuak eskuragarri izango dituzte hargailu mugikorretan edozein tokitan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51049,2021-04-16,"In recent years, interest in obtaining biodegradable materials with new properties has been on the rise. This is why in this project we have chosen to carry out a study that contributes to this currently relevant concern, by adding inorganic reinforcements of different characteristics, such as barium titanate (TiBaO3), titanium oxide (TiO2) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3), to a biodegradable polymeric material such as poly-L-lactide (PLLA).The aim of the analysisof these three systems is to determine if there is any change in the mechanical properties of poly-L-lactide. Specifically, the goalis to increase the properties related to the ductile behaviour of PLLA. This would result in a material that is considerably suitable for the field of medical implants, due to its good physical properties combined with the biodegradability and biocompatibility of poly-L-lactide.In order to determine the optimal loading ratio, the addition was carried out in different percentages for each of the three systems: 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%, 5%, 10%. The PLLA was mixed with each of these filler percentages in the molten state in a mixer and passed to an injector, where the specimens were obtained.The mechanical propertieswere testedbyquasi-static tensile conditions. The analysis of the thermal properties was carried out using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Finally, to check the molecular distribution of these samples after processing, gel permeation chromatography was used.","Azken urteotan, gero eta interes handiagoa dago propietate berriak dituzten materialbiodegradagarriak lortzeko. Hori dela eta, proiektu honetan azterketa bat egitea erabaki da, gaur egun hain garrantzitsua den kezka horrekin laguntzeko. Horretarako, zenbait ezaugarri dituzten errefortzu ez-organikoak gaineratu dira, hala nola bario titanatoa (TiBaO3), titanio oxidoa (TiO2) eta aluminio oxidoa (Al2O3), material polimeriko biodegradagarri bati, poli-L-lactida(PLLA).Hiru sistema horien sintesiaren helburua poli-L-laktidaren propietate mekanikoetan eta fisiko-kimikoetan aldaketarik gertatzen den zehaztea da. Zehazki, PLLAren portaera harikorrarekin lotutako propietateak interes handikoa azaltzen dira. Horrela, inplante medikoen esparrurako nahiko egokia den materiala sortzea lortuko litzateke, poli-L-laktidaren biodegradagarritasunari eta biobateragarritasunari lotutako propietate fisiko onak baititu.Karga-erlazio optimoa zehazteko, hiru sistemetako bakoitzerako proportzio ezberdinakegin ziren: 0,1,% 0,5,% 1,% 5,% 10%. PLLA nahasi egin zen nahasgailu batean urtze egoeran errefortzu-portzentaihorietako bakoitzarekin, eta injektore bateanlortu ziren probetak.Propietate mekanikoak zehazteko, trakzio-saiakuntzabat egin zen. Propietate termikoen analisia ekorketadiferentzialeko kalorimetriaren eta analisi termograbimetrikoaren bidez egin zen. Azkenik, prozesatu ondoren lagin horien molekula-banaketa egiaztatzeko, gel-iragazkortasunaren kromatografia erabili zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14391,2015-02-11,"The digital terrestrial television broadcasting standard DVB-T (Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial) is one of the most widespread standard in the world. Its successor, DVB-T2, has been deployed in 24 and adopted in 32 other countries during the last five years. The deployment of DVB-T2 has coincided with the fast development of mobile telephony, with which it shares the UHF band. Due to the limitations of the spectrum, it is necessary to consider the possibility of providing DVB-T2 services in the VHF band. The objective of this final degree project is to examine the planning aspects of DVB-T2 networks in VHF band. In order to do this, the areas affected by the band change are analyzed, such as electric field estimation, signal transmission and reception components characteristics and standard parameters. In addition, minimum field intensities and maximum coverage ranges are calculated for different configurations.","DVB-T (Digital Digital Video Broadcasting - Terrestrial) lurreko telebista digitalaren irrati-difusiorako estandarra, munduan hedatuenen artean dago. Azkenengo bost urteetan zehar, bere ondorengoa den DVB-T2, 24 herrialdetan zabaldu eta beste 32tan adoptatu dute. Azkenengo urteetan garapen handia izan duen telefonia mugikorraren eta DVB-T2 estandarraren hedapenek bat egin dute denboran, biek UHF banda elkarbanatzen dutelarik. Espektroaren mugak direla eta, beharrezkoa da DVB-T2 estandarraren zerbitzuak VHF bandan eskaini ahal diren aztertzea. Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua DVB-T2 sareen planifikazioaren irizpideak aztertzea da VHF bandan. Horretarako, banda aldaketaren eraginak jasan dituzten alorrak aztertzen dira, hala nola, eremu elektrikoaren estimazioa, seinalearen transmisioan eta hartzean erabiltzen diren osagaien ezaugarriak eta parametro estandarrak. Gainera, konfigurazio ezberdinetan eremuaren intentsitate minimoa eta estalduraren irismen maximoa kalkulatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25924,2018-03-22,"The Child Education sector is expected to provide a quality response to early childhood schooling, an increasingly generalized trend in our societies. Education providers need to be knowledgeable of children’s capabilities in the early months so as to ensure the optimal development of infants and toddlers. Children are active human beings from birth, with a distinct interest in exploring their environments. Thus, the main objective of my graduation thesis is to document children’s competencies in the early months of life. My research focuses on the observation of an infant’s free play during her first year of life, and more specifically on her attention to self-inducted activities. The analysis of my findings indicate that by respecting children’s capabilities and by appropriately fostering their competencies in the first months of life we will be contributing to children’s harmonious development in infancy and early childhood.","Azken urteotan Haur Hezkuntzak gure gizartean gero eta modu orokorragoan ematen ari den ume txikien eskolaratze goiztiarrari era aproposean erantzuteko erronkarekin egin du topo. Behar horren aurrean esku-hartzeko ardura duten hezitzaileek ume txikiaren gaitasunak ezagutzea ezinbestekoa dute umetxoen garapen onena bermatzeko. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua ume txikien ahalmenak ezagutzea da, jaiotzetik mundua ezagutzeko grina duten izaki aktiboak direla baieztatuz. Lanaren abiapuntua, bizitzako lehen urtean dagoen umetxo baten jolas librearen behaketa izango da, berak hasitako jarduerekiko erakusten duen arreta delarik kontuan hartu den aztergai zehatza. Aurrera eramandako azterketa sakon honen emaitzek, ume txikien ahalmenak errespetatu eta haien gaitasunak behar den bezala sustatuz umetxoen garapen harmoniatsuaren alde egingo dela egiaztatzera eramango gaituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59526,2023-01-26,"Telecommunications are increasingly broadband. In January this year, the number of Internet users reached 4.49 billion worldwide, about 62.5% of the world's population. Also, daily Internet consumption was almost 7 hours last year thanks to broadband. This type of network provides downstream and upstream access bit rates that support all types of available services resulting in a good quality Internet. However, the emergence of these new services makes the measurement of QoS (Quality of Service) more difficult because the complexity of the network increases, especially in wireless networks due to the higher number of interferences. The information obtained from network traffic is too extensive for a human being to be able to obtain the relationships between the different factors and establish which of them are the most helpful in estimating QoS. The solution involves the use of machine learning, known as machine learning, which is a branch of artificial intelligence formed by various algorithms that are designed to establish patterns between different datasets. Thus, the objective of this work is the design of a system for the improvement of QoS in Wi-Fi networks. Keywords: machine learning, QoS, cluster, degree of influence, resources.","Telekomunikazioak gero eta gehiago dira banda zabalekoak. Aurtengo urtarrilean, 4950 milioi interneteko erabiltzaile izan ziren mundu osoan, munduko biztanleriaren % 62,5 inguru. Era berean, Interneten eguneroko kontsumoa ia 7 ordukoa izan zen iaz banda zabalari esker. Sare mota honek sarbide-biten tasak eskaintzen ditu, beheranzko eta goranzko noranzkoan, eskuragarri dauden zerbitzu mota guztiei eusten dietenak, kalitate oneko Internet sortuz. Hala ere, zerbitzu berri horien agerpenaren ondorioz, QoS (Quality of Service) zerbitzuaren kalitatearen neurketa nekezagoa da, sarearen konplexutasuna handitu egiten baita, eta batez ere hari gabeko sareetan, interferentzia gehiago izaten baitituzte. Sareko trafikotik lortutako informazioa zabalegia da gizaki bat gai izan dadin faktoreen arteko harremanak lortzeko eta faktore horietako zeinek laguntzen duen gehien QoS kalkulatzen. Soluzioa ikasketa automatikoaren erabilera da, machine learning bezala ezagutzen dena, adimen artifizialaren adar bat da, hainbat algoritmok osatzen dutena, datu multzoen artean (datasets) patroiak ezartzeko diseinatuta daudenak. Horrela, bada, lan honen helburua Wi-Fi sareetan QoS hobetzeko sistema bat diseinatzea da. Gako-hitzak: ikaskuntza automatikoa, QoS, klusterra, eragin-maila, baliabideak" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17632,2016-03-16,"Service-Learning (S-L) is an educational proposal which combines service and learning in a well assembled project to meet the true socioeducational needs inside a concrete context. The intervention project below presented is aimed at using the Aldauri Foundation time bank with the objective of meeting needs related to the ICTs training, derived from the impact of the digital divide. It is expected elderly people to improve in using these technologies through providing a service directed to immigrants taking part in the time bank.","Ikaskuntza-zerbitzua (I-Z) heziketa proposamena da, zeinak ikasketa eta zerbitzua eskaintzen dituen ondo uztartutako proiektu bakarrean, testuinguru jakin baten beharrizan sozio-hezitzaileei erantzun nahian.Jarraian aurkeztuko den esku-hartze proiektuak Aldauri Fundazioaren denboraren bankua erabiltzea du helburu, zabalkunde digitalaren ondorioz IKTen formazioan izan daitezkeen beharrizanei aurre egiteko. Denboraren bankuan parte hartzen duten etorkinei zuzendutako zerbitzuaren bidez, nagusiek teknologia hauen erabileran urratsak eman ditzaten nahi genuke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20044,2016-12-29,"In this Final Degree Assessment, on the one hand, different educational methodologies of Ireland and The Basque Country have been investigated by the analysis through videos. On the other hand, in order to make the characteristics of Ireland’s traditional education and Basque Country’s Based Project Learning (BPL) known, didactic proposals have been developed, with each country’s culture as content. Those proposals have also been developed by Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The proposals have been carried out, in Ireland, showing the Basque culture through BLP and in The Basque Country, showing the Irish culture through traditional education. To sum up, both contexts’ experiences have been evaluated getting the opinions of the teachers and the students, and to publish the work in its entirety, a website has been created.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, batetik, Irlanda eta Euskal Herriko ikastetxe biren hezkuntza metodologia ezberdinen azterketa gauzatu da, horretarako bideoen bidezko analisia erabiliz. Bestetik, Irlandako hezkuntza tradizionala eta Euskal Herriko Proiektuetan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntza (POI) metodologien ezaugarriak ezagutarazteko, herrialde bakoitzaren kultura edukitzat duten proposamen didaktikoak garatu dira. Hezkuntza-proposamen horiek ere Informaziorako eta Komunikaziorako Teknologiaren (IKT) bitartez garatu dira. Proposamenak martxan jarri dira testuinguru bietan, Irlandan POIren bitartez Euskal Herriko kultura erakutsiz eta Euskal Herrian, Irlandako kultura metodologia tradizionalaren bitartez landuz. Amaitzeko, testuinguru bietako esperientziak ebaluatuak izan dira irakasle eta ikasleen iritziak jasoz, eta lana bere osotasunean argitaratzeko webgune bat sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19351,2016-10-21,"The single storey steel buildings are exposed to variable actions, being the forces acting horizontally the most critical ones, due to their changeability. In order to ensure the safety of people and processes inside these facilities, the actions affecting them must be measured and a clear commitment must be developed to avoid possible structural issues. Therefore, it is necessary to study how different kinds of typologies of steel buildings can be designed to withstand external actions and to conduct calculations so as to support theoretical concepts with practical evidences, being the compliance of these tasks the main aim of this project.","Solairu bakarreko altzairuzko eraikuntza industrialek eragin aldakor ugari jasan behar dituzte. Eragin horien artean, eraikuntzaren kontra horizontalki eragiten dutenak dira arriskutsuenak, haien aldakortasuna dela eta. Eraikuntza hauen barruan dauden pertsona zein prozesuen segurtasuna bermatzeko, eragin hauen izaera zehaztu egin behar da eta haien ondorio kaltegarriak saihestu. Horretarako, solairu bakarreko eraikuntzak izan ditzakeen forma desberdinak aztertu behar dira, eragin horizontalak eustea dutela helburu. Ikerketa hau eta ikerketa honen aplikazio praktikoa, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusiak dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25476,1997,"The causes that stop the consolidation of Judicial Police as an operative institutions are analyzed. In this way, in addition to question the option of the police type adopted, the organic composition of Judicial Police Units, its double dependence (the organic governmental one and the functional of the judges) and the adequate moments of intervention are debated, alluding to the problem of the patrimonial responsible authority because of its actions.","Epai Polizia erakunde eraginkor gisa sendotzea eragozten duten zioak aztertzen dira. Hala, aukeratu den polizia eredua zalantzan jartzeaz gainera, eztabaida egiten da Epai Poliziaren Unitateen osaera organikoaz, haren menpekotasun bikoitzaz (gobernuarekiko menpekotasun organikoa eta epaileen menpekotasun funtzionala) eta esku hartzeko une egokiez, eta agintaritzak bere jarduketengatik izan dezakeen ondare-erantzukizunaren arazoa aipatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25119,2004,"The present Islam in its religious dimension is described, explaining the pillars, or orders, in which it is sustained, pillars that define greater or smaller ortodoxia of the numerous existing Muslim sects. Also, the legal schools in the sunnita Islam, violent text the mystical interpretations of the Corán appear, as well as the defense of some to reestablish the Islamic Law, showing how it is in the legal question where it is the key of the problems of the present Islam.","Gaur egungo Islam-a bere dimentsio erlijiosoan deskribatzen da, bere ezaugarriak eta mandamenduak azalduz, dauden sekta musulmanek dituzten ezaugarriekin bat datozen aztertuz. Islam sunnita-n eskola juridikoak nola azaltzen diren ere deskribatzen da, Koraneko testu biolentoen interpretazioak, eta islamiar legea berrezartzeko, batzuk egiten duten defentsa ere azaltzen da, nolabait gaur egungo islam-aren arazoak zein diren azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20097,2017-01-09,"In this work an intervention, carried out in Txintxirri Ikastola in Infant Education from the music area, is presented taking as a starting point the pedagogic innovation project the school is involved and the concrete reality of the classroom. The main objective has been offering resources to boost the systematic use of the music. Different activities have been planned integrated in the global interests the classroom works. After the intervention it has been verified that through music activities the attention span and the group work are increased.","Lan honetan, Elorrioko Txintxirri Ikastolako Haur Hezkuntzan aurrera eraman den musika esku hartze bat aurkezten da. Ikastetxean, etapa honetan planteatzen ari diren berrikuntza prozesua eta gelako errealitate konkretua kontutan izan dira musika hezkuntzako arloa indartu nahian. Lanaren helburua musika klaseko egunerokotasunean integratzeko baliabideak eskaintzea da. Horretarako, jarduera multzo bat eskaintzen da non baliabide ezberdinen bidez musikaren arlo diferenteak lantzen diren eta gai ezberdinekin lotzeko aukera ematen duen. Esku hartze hau burutu ondoren baieztatu ahal izan da musika jardueren bidez umeen arreta eta talde ekimenetarako gaitasunak areagotzen direla." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75579,2025-11-11,"The European Union has just taken a further step in the protection of fundamental rights, paving the way for its accession to the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. At least, that is what the media has reported from the recent case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union, in cases Neves 77 and KS & KD. In this essay, I will try to give context and put these two decisions into perspective, analysing the judgments and talking about the Union’s compliance with the mandate contained in article 6(2) of the Treaty of the European Union. Ultimately, I will discuss the main obstacles in the process of accession; the impact of these two judgements on it; and the “state of affairs” of this process in light of the recent case law.","Europar Batasunak giza eskubideen babesaren alde beste pauso bat eman berri du, Giza Eskubideen eta Oinarrizko Askatasunen Europako Hitzarmenera atxikitzeko bidea berriro ere irekiz. Behintzat, horrelaxe dio prentsak Europar Batasuneko Justizia Auzitegiak argitaratu berri dituen bi epaien inguruan, Neves 77 eta KS & KD aferetan, alegia. Lan honetan, epaiak beren testuinguruan jarri eta aztertzen saiatuko naiz, eta hauek Europar Batasunak Europar Batasunaren Ituneko 6(2) artikulua betetzeko duen betebeharrean duten eraginaren inguruan hitz egingo dut. Azken finean, atxikimendu prozesuan dauden oztopo nagusien inguruan; bi epai hauek prozesu honetan duten eraginaren; eta epaien ondorioz prozesuaren gaur egungo egoeraren inguruan hitz egingo dut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16524,2015-12-18,"The aim of this work is the design and implementation of additional OpenFlow complement that allows the execution of messages on the switch inside a previously defined specific lapse of time. Firstly, we will have to define the objectives and the specifications of the work to subsequently perform the design of a scenario through the analysis of possible alternatives, and that will allow the resolution of these objectives. Right after, it will be added the necessary code which makes equipment able to carry out the sending and execution of the messages in the time programmed and it will be finished by making simulations and testing the functioning as well as the format used by the messages exchanged between the controller and the switches it handles with the objective of verify the viability of the developed module.","Lan honen helburua switcheko mezuen exekuzioa, aurretik definitutako denbora tarte batean gauzatzea ahalbidetzen duen OpenFlow protokoloaren osagarri gehigarri baten diseinua eta inplementazioa izango da. Lehenengo urratsa lanaren helburuak eta espezifikazioak definitzea izango litzateke, geroago, helburu horiek gauzatu ahal izateko behar den eszenatoki baten diseinua prestatzeko, alternatiba posible ezberdinen analisiari ekinez. Ondoren, ekipoei, mezuen bideraketa eta exekuzioa programatutako denbora jakin batean egiteko behar duten kodea gehituko zaie, eta, bukatzeko, simulazioak eta bai funtzionamendu frogak zein kontroladorearen eta honek maneiatutako switchen arteko mezuen formatuaren analisia gauzatuko da, garatutako moduluaren bideragarritasuna egiaztatzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58476,2022-07-05,"An analysis of the possibilities of homoparental families to have offspring, summarizing how sexual orientation has been used as a discriminatory element, the evolution of its acceptance and the jurisprudence related to it, then how homosexual marriage has been legalized at the European level. once these bases have been established, the three ways that exist (the three ways that currently exist) for the formation of a homoparental family are analyzed: homoparental adoption, international adoption and surrogacy.","Familia homoparentalen seme-alabak izateko aukeren azterketa bat. Horretarako, honela laburbiltzen da: sexuorientazioa elementu diskriminatzaile gisa erabili da, haren onarpenaren bilakaera eta horri buruzko jurisprudentzia, gero ezkontza homosexuala Europako eremuan legeztatu da. Oinarri horiek ezarri ondoren, familia homoparentala osatzeko dauden hiru moduak (gaur egun) aztertzen dira: adopzio homoparentala, nazioarteko adopzioa eta haurdunaldi subrogatua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25863,2018-03-21,In this paper we study the habits and knowledges that the students of the third cycle of Primary Education – 11-12 years old – have. For this reason a survey has been passed over several schools in two distinct cultural contexts and it has been concluded that there is a percentage of students who don't have adequate oral health habits and that many don't know enought about it. Finally a series of educational recommendations that can serve to improve the habits and knowledges that the students have regarding to the oral health have been made.,"Lan honek, hirugarren zikloko Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen (11-12 urte) ohiturak eta ezaguerak aurkezten ditu. Horretarako, bi ikastetxetan galdeketa bat pasatu da. Bi ikastetxeek izandako testuinguru kulturala nahiko desberdina izan da. Hori dela eta, hurrengo ondorioetara ailegatu naiz; testuinguruaren arabera, ikasleak izaten dituzten ezaguerak eta azturak aho-hortzen osasunaren inguruan desberdina izango da. Amaitzeko, aho-hortzen osasunari buruz dagoen adimena garatzeko eta ohitura sustatzeko, hainbat gomendio hezigarriak proposatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14346,2015-02-05,"This Project is about the design of a pneumatic circuit. It is based on a pneumatic cylinder that operates a ladle. Initially, a basic circuit that completes the essential goal is chosen. In order to improve the original circuit more sophisticated elements are added. For its theoretical development, it has been used the FluidSIM program, and its results have been the basis for building the circuits in the pneumatic panel, that is located in the Faculty of Engineering’s Fluid Laboratory. Finally, an ilustrative example of the sizing of the pneumatic cilyndre is showed.","Lan honetan isurketa-zali baten eragingailuaren zirkuitu neumatikoa diseinatu egin da. Gutxien automatizatuta dagoen ebazpenetik hasten da, elementuak gehituz lanean aurrera egin ahala zirkuitua hobetzeko. Lanaren garapenerako zirkuituak era teorikoan egin dira FluidSim programaren bitartez, eta ondoren era praktikoan egin dira Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoaren Jariakinen Departamenduko panel neumatiko batean.Amaitzeko arrabol neumatikoaren neurrien ezarpenaren adibide argigarri bat aurkezten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14742,2015-03-12,"This document paper presents a study and analysis of indicators of the quality of business (QoBiz) in the field of telecommunications services. More specifically, taking as a starting point the master thesis work “Definición de un Modelo para la Gestión de la Calidad de Negocio (QoBiz) en los Sevcios de Telecomunicación” (Cristobo), this document is a proposal to progress in the study of QoBiz management model. To improve this model, it will be developed an analysis of different standards and tools used today in the business world in order to achieve more general quality and performance indicators while the QoBiz management model consolidates. These indicators will be applied in phases of business process flows selected in advance.","Dokumentu honek negozio-kalitatatearen (QoBiz) adierazleei buruzko ikasketa eta analisia aurkezten du telekomunikazio-zerbitzuen eremuan. Zehazki, “Definición de un Modelo para la Gestión de la Calidad de Negocio (QoBiz) en los Sevcios de Telecomunicación” master amaierako tesi-lanaoinarritzat hartuz (Cristobo), lan honek QoBiz kudeaketa-ereduaren azterketan aurrera egitea proposatzen du. Eredu hau hobetzeko, enpresa-muduan erabilitzen diren hainbat estandar eta erreminten analisia garatuko da, zeinenak kalitate eta jarduera-adierazle orokorragoak lortzen ahalbidetu ez ezik, QoBiz kudekaeta-eredua ere indartuko duen. Adierazle hauek aldez aurretik aukeratutako negozioaren prozesu-fluxuen fase ezberdinetan neurtuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23235,2017-07,"This document presents an inventory of the atmospheric emissions due to road traffic in the city of Bilbao in years 2007 and 2012. Warmed up motor emissions of the primary contaminants have been calculated, specifically nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and particulate matter, as well as carbon dioxide (responsible for the greenhouse effect). A methodology developed in ETSI-Bilbao University has been applied. Such technique uses traffic data and emission factors, being necessary firstly a classification of the city traffic by measurements at street level. As a result, daily average and total emissions have been obtained for each road sector. Moreover maps showing emission concentration locations have been developed and a comparative of the contaminants emitted as a function of the type of vehicle has been performed.","Agiri honetan, Bilboko ibilgailuen trafikoari zor izandako emisio atmosferikoen inbentarioa aurkezten da, 2007 eta 2012 urteetarako. Lehen mailako poluitzaileen emisioak, motorra bero dagoenean, kalkulatu dira, hain zuzen ere, nitrogenoaren oxidoak, hidrokarburoak, karbonoaren monoxidoa eta partikulak, hala nola, karbonoaren dioxidoa (berotegi-efektuko gasa). Horretarako, Bilboko Ingenieritza Goi Eskola Teknikoan garatutako metodologia aplikatu da, honek trafikoaren datuak eta emisio-faktoreak erabiltzen ditu, kasu honetan, hirierrepideetan zundaketak egitea beharrezkoa izanez, trafikoa sailkatzeko. Lortutako emaitzak errepide-tarte bakoitzeko eguneko emisio ertainak eta erabateko emisioak izan dira, hala nola, emisioak kokatzeko mapak eta ibilgailu motaren arabera kutsatzaile ehunekoetako gonbaraketa landu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29433,2018-10-31,"This text, first of all, shows the evolution of renewable energies during the last years, especially about solar photovoltaic energy. Besides, with the aim of learning more about this type of energy, a programmable power source will be used. This will be used to program and emulate different types of photovoltaic installations.","Dokumentu honetan, lehenbizi, azken urteetan energia berriztagarrien inguruan egon den eboluzioa aztertzen da, bereziki, eguzki energia fotovoltaikoan zentratuz. Gainera, energia mota horri buruz gehiago ikasi eta ikertu nahiaz, tentsio-iturri programagarri baten erabilera egingo da. Honekin, instalakuntza fotovoltaikoen sistema eta egoera ezberdinak programatu eta emulatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24375,2011,"When the law of sanitary measures of nicotine addiction 28/2005 becomes effective, it reached a milestone in the Spanish modern public health. In this work it is shown a revision of the different elements of this law and its contribution to the prevention of nicotine addiction and public health. When effective, adolescent’s nicotine addiction prevalence decrease, as well as the cigarette sales and the heart attacks. To continue progressing in the prevention of nicotine addiction, the rules about the use of tobacco in small bars of the hotel industry must be eliminated and the tax system of the tobacco products reinforced.","28/2005 legea indarrean sartu zenean Espainiako osasun publiko modernoaren mugarri bilakatu zen. Lan honetan, arau honen osagaien berrikustea proposatzen da eta tabakismoaren prebentzioari eta osasun publikoari egin dio ekarpena ere. Indarrean sartu zenetik nerabeetan tabakismoaren prebalentziaren jaitsiera ikus daiteke, zigarroen salmentan murrizketa egon da eta bihotzekoen erikortasunaren jaitsiera eman da. Tabakismoaren prebentzioan aurrera egiteko, ostalaritza lokal txikietan ematen den kontsumoari buruzko arauen salbuespenak kendu beharko lirateke eta tabakoaren fiskalitatea indartu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14709,2015-03-04,"The main objective of this project consists on designing, mounting and verifying the validity of the cable based positioning-system applied to a 5R parallelkinematics mechanism, being posible its generalization to any other both spatial nor bidimensional mechanical system. This report must make the reader aware of the various practical di culties encountered when analyzing the proposed monitoring system, as well as of the mathematical foundations of the analytical approach to their solution. The reader will also nd detailed descriptions and plans concerning the system's assembly, empirical results obtained from exhaustive experimental analysis and the main risks for the achievment of this project.","Proiektu honen helburua 5R zinematika paraleloko mekanismo baten posizio sensoreen bidezko neurriketa sistema diseiniatzea, muntatzea eta balioztatzea da, beste edozein sistema mekanikorentzat hedagarria, espaziala zein bidimensionala izanda ere. Informe honetan irakurleak ikusiko duenentz, monitorizazio metodoaren izaera dela eta eratorritako desabantailen ebazpena, hura lortzeko beharrezko modelo matematikoak eta horien oinarriak erakusten dira, hala nola instalazioari buruzko deskribapen eta irudi zehatzak, emaitz enpirikoak eta proiektuaren helburuak betetzea eragozi dezaketen arrisku nabarmenenak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36746,2018-12-14,"Due to the competition of funding among different sectors of the economy and society, Pavement Management Systems (PMS) have become necessary for road agencies to design more cost-effective and longer lasting pavements and to better allocate available funds. Within the PMS, the performance models are a key factor, as they are able to predict the future condition of the pavements.The Regional Government of Biscay (RGB) manages and is responsible of almost the entire interurban road network in the territory of Biscay, making a total of more than 1.300 km under its control. Aiming to efficiently manage its resources, the RGB has developed a PMS, where all the information about roads is stored.The aim of this PhD thesis is to develop performance models for the International Roughness Index (IRI) and the Side-force coefficient to predict the future condition of the road network of Biscay. IRI models are developed for new two-lane roads with flexible and semi-rigid pavements. The proposed models for forecasting skid resistance can be deployed in any type of road, two-lane roads or double carriageway roads and for all the usual materials in surface layers.-----","Ekonomiaren eta gizartearen hainbat sektoreren arteko finantzaketa lortzeko lehia dela eta, Bide-zoruak Kudeatzeko Sistemak (BKS) beharrezko bihurtu dira bide-administraziorako luzeago irauten duten eta kostu eraginkorragoko bide-zoruak diseinatzeko eta dauden funtsak hobeto esleitzeko. BKSen barruan, portaera modeloak oinarrizko faktore bat dira, bide-zoruaren etorkizuneko egoera iragartzeko gai direlako.Bizkaiko Foru Aldundiak (BFA) Bizkaiko lurraldeko hiri arteko ia errepide-sarea osoa kudeatzen du eta horren arduraduna da. Beraz, 1.300 km baino gehiago daude bere kontrolpean. Bere baliabideak hobeto kudeatu nahian, BFAk garatu du BKS bat, non errepideei buruzko datu guztiak biltzen diren.Tesi honen helburua International Roughness Index (IRI) eta zeharkako marruskadura koefizienterako portaera-modeloak garatzea da. IRI modeloak garatu dira errepide konbentzional (bi erreiko errepideak) berrietarako, bide-zoru malgu eta erdi-zurrunekin. Labainketarekiko erresistentziarako proposatutako modeloa edozein errepide motarako erabil daiteke, errepide konbentzionaletan edo galtzada bananduko errepideetan eta normalean erabiltzen diren errodadura geruzako materialerako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72786,2025-02-14,"A Tower Defense game has been designed, implemented and debugged making use of object oriented programming (OOP) and created in Unreal Engine 5, an innovative professional tool made for the development of video games. This game is based in the confrontation of turrets that fight for the player and robots that are opposed to these, there being different kinds of characters for each side. A wide range of actions have been designed with animations for each one, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms that make active decisions about their functions in the game. Furthermore, the video game includes lots of levels that take place in a battlefield shaped as a three-dimensional environment. The player places his/her towers here, with the goal of defending themself from waves of enemies in many different levels. Each of these provide different combinations of opponent types, alongside the possible unlock of a brand new tower when completed. The program includes a main menu that is loaded by default from where settings can be altered, game rules maybeviewed, progress in the game can be continued and more.","Dorreak defendatzeko bideojoko bat diseinatu, inplementatu eta probatu da, objektuetara bideratutako programazioaren logika erabiliz (POO) eta Unreal Engine 5 joko-motorrean sortuta. Bideojokoak garatzeko sortutako tresna profesional berritzailea da. Joko hau roboten eta jokalariaren alde jokatzen duten dorretxoen arteko liskarrean oinarritzen da, bando bakoitzean pertsonaia mota ezberdinak daudelarik. Ekintza ugari diseinatu dira, eta horietako bakoitzak animazioak ditu, baita adimen artifizialeko algoritmoak ere, jokoan dituzten funtzioei buruzko erabaki aktiboak hartzen dituztenak. Gainera, bideojokoak maila ugari ditu hiru dimentsioko ingurune birtual batean, eta gudu-zelaiaren itxura hartzen du. Jokalariak hemen kokatzen ditu bere eraikuntzak, maila ezberdin ugaritan zehar etsai oldeetatik defendatzeko asmoz. Horietako bakoitzak aurkari-moten konbinazio desberdinak ditu, eta hori osatzean erabil daitekeen dorretxo berri bat desblokeatzeko aukera dago. Programak, gainera, lehenespenez kargatzen den menu nagusi bat ere badu. Menu horretatik, doikuntzak aldatzeko, abiapuntuko arauak ikusteko, jokoa utzi zen mailatik jarraitzeko eta gehiago egiteko aukera ematen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25360,1999,"The penal reform of the 21 june 1989 about injuries and sexual aggressions is analysed from a criminological, penal and of the criminal policy perspective. It is pointed out the change related to the good juridicaly protected, and also other sides are studied: the passive person, the different penal types, the applicable penalties or some procedural questions which have an effect on these crimes. Likewise, the modifications introduced in the matter of crimes against corporal integrity and physical and mental health are examined.","1989-ko Ekainaren 21-ean egindako eraberritze penala aztertzen da, ikuspegi kriminologiko, penal eta politika kriminal batetik. Babesten den ondasun juridikoaren aldaketaz gain sujetu pasiboari buruzko gaiak aztertzen dira, tipo penal ezberdinak, ezartzen diren zigorrak edo eta arazo prozesalak aztertuz. Azkenik, eraberritzean gorputz osotasun eta osasun fisiko eta psikikoen aurkako delituei buruz hitzegiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25621,1993,"Brief considerations about the controversy of the alternative measures to prison. Study of some measures introduced by the penal Code Project, and their subsequent problems, treating the rnatter from a political point of view.","Presondegi zigorraren ordezko aukera ezberdinetan eztabaidari buruzko gogoeta labur bat aurkezten da. Lege-liburu penalaren proiektuak sartutako neurri batzuetaz eta sortzen dituzten arazoetaz azterketa bat egiten da, gai hau politikaren ikuspegitik ikusita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54649,2021-12-22,"Introduction: The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased the mortality of HIV transforming the infection into a chronic illness. Consequently, the average age of individuals in Infectious Diseases consultations has increased. A higher burden of age associated comorbidities with an earlier outbreak has been described in these patients, contributing to fragility and low quality of life. Objectives: We aimed to analyze the prevalence of main comorbidities in >55 years HIV-positive subjects under follow-up in Basurto University Hospital (BUH). // // Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study of proportional morbidity in HIV-infected patients >55 years of age recruited in the VACH cohort under active follow-up in BUH. // // Results: HIV-infected patients with active ART included in the VACH cohort are 1.315. The mean age in the cohort is 51,85 years (21-92). Those >55 years old are 469 (35%), 372 were analyzed in this study (at least 1 visit in the last year). 70% of them were male and 50,84% were sexually transmitted followed by injection drug users (IDU) (45,81%). Mean time since diagnosis is 23,38 years (1-39), 90% are in virological suppressed (<50 copies / mm3) and present 714 T CD4 lymphocytes / mm3 average. Prevalence of main comorbidities is as follows: Neuropsychiatric condition 48,79% (95CI: 43,6-53,9), hypertension 40,6% (95CI: 34,4-45,6), hyperlipidemia 33,3% (95CI: 28,5-38,3), malignances 15% (95CI: 11,6-19,1), diabetes mellitus (DM) 21,7% (95CI: 17,6- 26,2), cardiovascular disease (CVD: strokes and/or myocardial infarction) account for 18,6% (95CI: 13,2-21,1), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (GFR <60 mL / min) 10,5% (95CI: 7,5 -14,0), osteoporosis 10,2% (95CI: 7.3-13.7) and 10% of individuals present cirrhosis (95CI: 7,1-13,4). Multimorbidity (≥ 2 comorbidities) is found in 60% (226/372). Non-ART treatments are on average 5,21 (0-22). // // Conclusions: Current ART has allowed HIV-infected population to achieve similar lifespans to uninfected population. However, they have a higher burden of comorbidities earlier in life, increasing polypharmacy, frailty and lower quality of life. The approach of these patients must be comprehensive beyond viral and immunological control.","Sarrera: GIB lehen hilgarria, gaixotasun kronikoa bilakatu da gaur egun TAR-ri esker. Ondorioz, Gaixotasun Infekziosoko kontsultetan batez besteko adina, gora egin du. Zahartzeari lotutako komorbilitate prebalentzia handia eta goiztiarra deskribatu da, ahultasuna areagotuz eta bizi kalitatea murriztuz paziente hauetan. // // Helburua: Komorbilitate nagusien prebalentzia aztertzea GIB infekzioa duten >55 urte Basurtoko Unibertsitate Ospitaleko (BUO) kohortean. Metodologia: >55 urte GIB infekzioa duten pazienteen morbilitate proportzionalaren atzerabegirako analisi deskribatzailea, VACH kohortean, BUOan jarraipen aktiboa jasotzen duten gaixoetan. // // Emaitzak: BUO-ean GIB infekzioa duten 1.315 paziente daude, TAR jarraitzen dutela eta VACH kohortean bilduta. Kohortearen batez besteko adina 51,85 urtekoa da (21-92 urte). >55 urtekoak 469 (%35) paziente dira, 372 aztertzen dira (gutxienez bisitaldi 1 azken urtean). %70 gizonezkoak dira, kutsatze bide nagusia sexu bidezkoa izan zen (%50,84), zain-bideko drogazalegaz jarraituz (%45,81). Diagnostikotik batez bezteko denbora 23,38 urtekoa da, %90-a karga biralaren ezabapena lortu du, (<50 kopia/mm3) eta linfozito T CD4 batez bezteko zenbaketa 714 CD4/mm3-koa da. Komorbilitate nagusiek prebalentzia hauek dituzte: Afekzio neuropsikiatrikoa %48,79 (KT95: 43,6-53,9), hipertentsioa %40,6 (KT95: 34,4-45,6), hiperlipemia %33,3 (KT95:25,5-38,3), neoplasiak %15 (KT95: 11,6-19,1), DM %21,7 (KT95: 17,6-26,2). Gaixotasun Kardiobaskularra (GKB) (istripu zerebrobaskularra-IZB- edota miokardio infartu akutua-MIA-) %18,6 (KT95: 13,2-21,1) dira, 10,5-k (KT95: 7,5-14) giltzurrun gaixotasun kronikoa (GGK) (GF <60 ml/min) du, osteoporosia %10,2-ko (KT95:7,3-13,7) prebalentzia du, eta %10-k (KT95:7,1-13,4) zirrosia du. Multimorbilitatea (≥2) %60-a (226/372) da. TAR ez diren tratamenduak batez beste 5,21 dira (0-22). // // Ondorioak: Egungo TAR-ri esker, GIB infekzioa eta biztanleria orokorraren arteko bizi-itxaropena antzekoa da. Hala ere, komorbilitate prebalentzia eta polifarmazia handiagoa da, ahultasuna areagotuz eta bizi-kalitatea murriztuz. Paziente hauek maneiu integrala izateko beharra dute, kontrol biroinmunologikotik haratago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25110,2005,"Individual and social rights –recognized to everyone and, particularly, to all the citizens– are refused to some drug users due to their marginalisation and their social exclusion that place them in a situation of non-defence. Inside this collective some groups of persons present a situation of particular vulnerability. The case of two particular groups of drug users is studied: users with a dual pathology and women users.","Zenbait droga erabiltzaileei, marginazio eta gizarte bazterketa medio, gizabanako guztientzat onartuta dauden banakako eta gizarte eskubideak ukatzen zaizkie, era honetan defentsa gabezia egoera sortaraziz. Kolektibo honen barruan egoera kaltebera berezia duten pertsona taldeak ikus ditzakegu. Droga erabiltzaileen bi talde zehatzen problematika berezian sakontzen da; patologia duala dutenak eta emakumeak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43285,2020-05-19,"This project called “Musical intelligence and improvisation: playing with body percussion” speaks about music and improvisation. The prestige that music nowadays helds in teaching centres and civilian society has been studied in order to accomplish this project. That is why, going back some years in time, it has been examined the development of music and music Intelligence: starting from analysis of the development that the concept of Intelligence has undergone through history, connecting with the theory of Howard Gardner about multiple intelligences, continuing with the relation that this theory has with music and with the development of music to end up with the research of the importance that music and improvisation have in school. After working in all these areas, the conclusion is clear: there is a terrible deficiency of these subjects in schools. Music has not got the prestige that deserves in the educational system, and that situation must be changed. In fact, the skills that music and improvisation work on are very useful and beneficial for personality growth. And to analyse this, many articles have been studied. In this study, a project is submitted to face the deficiency mentioned before: a teaching, Didactic Unit. A unit in which the exercises are though to develop improvisation and music Intelligence. However, it is known that it is necessary an attractive product to cause positive responses on students. In order to achieve this, it has been decided to use maybe an in between and interesting methodology: The BAPNE methodology and body percussion. The competencies, targets, topics, activities, and means of evaluation that will be worked in the Unit can be seen in the project.","Jarraian musikaren eta inprobisazioaren inguruko Gradu amaierako lan bat ikus daiteke, “Musika inteligentzia eta inprobisazioa: gorputz perkusioarekin jolasten” izenpean. Gaur egun musikak ikastetxeetan eta gizartean duen prestigioa nolakoa den aztertu da lan hau egiteko, eta horretarako, urteetan atzera egin eta musikak zein musika inteligentziak izan duen bilakaera aztertu da: “inteligentzia” kontzeptuak historian zehar jasandako bilakaera aztertzen hasi, Howard Gardnerren adimen anitzen teoriarekin lotu, honek musikarekin duen loturarekin eta musikaren bilakaerarekin jarraitu eta musikak eta inprobisazioak eskolan duen garrantzia ikertzeraino. Hau guztia egin ondoren atera den ondorio nagusia erabat argia da: ikastetxeetan gai hauen inguruan gabezia izugarria dago; musikak ez dauka behar adina prestigio hezkuntza sisteman, eta hori aldatu beharra dago. Izan ere, musikak eta inprobisazioak lantzen dituzten ezaugarriak oso onuragarriak dira pertsonentzako. Honez gain, honek inteligentzia emozionala garatzeko ere balio duela esan behar da. Hau aztertzeko, hainbat autorek eginiko artikuluak aztertu dira. Lan honetan aurretik aipatutako gabeziari aurre egiteko proiektu bat aurkezten da, Unitate Didaktiko bat. Bertan, musika inteligentzia eta inprobisazio maila garatzeko pentsatutako ariketak ikus daitezke. Hala ere, gauza jakina da, ikasleengan eragin positiboak izateko, beharrezkoa dela produktu erakargarri bat eskaintzea. Horretarako, interesgarria izan daitekeen bitarteko bat hartzea erabaki da: BAPNE metodoa eta gorputz perkusioa. Lanean bertan ageri dira unitateak landuko dituen helburuak, konpetentziak, edukiak, jarduerak eta ebaluazio mota." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51041,2021-04-16,"Anxiety disorder is a very common psychological problem nowadays. However, most of society does not know what its causes and consequences are, especially in childhood, specifically in the ages between 2 and 6 years old due to the scarce information available in this regard. The aim of this work is to show to future teachers, as well as those who are currently working, why children suffer from anxiety in childhood, together with tools so that they are able to detect it in the classroom and treat it through a plan of action or therapy, and thus, prevent its consequences from worsening in adult life. First, a conceptual analysis is carried out on the term anxiety, as well as on the aetiology, prevalence and typology of the disorder. Subsequently, the emotional consequences and the impact it has on an academic level are shown, and a system for detecting anxiety in the classroom is provided. Then, the concomitance with other types of disorders in childhood is shown, as well as the diagnostic criteria to determine the type of anxiety they suffer; followed by the explanation of the main treatment therapies. Finally, several proposals for mindfulness intervention in Early Childhood Education are analysed and a training workshop is designed to reduce anxiety in children from 2 to 3 years old through this meditation technique. Keywords: anxiety, emotional education, treatment therapies, mindfulness, Early Childhood Education.","Antsietate-nahasmendua arazo psikologiko arrunta da gaur egun; hala ere, gizartean gehiengoak ez dakizki zein diren bere arrazoi eta ondorioak zeintzu, batez ere haurtzaroan, zehazki 2 eta 6 urte bitarteko adinetan, honen inguruko informazio gutxi dagoelako. Lan honen asmoa da etorkizuneko irakasleei eta jardunean daudenei haurrek pairatzen duten antsietatearen zergatia azaltzea da, baita ikasgelan detektatzeko tresnak eskaintzea eta ekintza edo terapia-plan baten bidez tratatu ahal izateko; horrela, ondorioak helduaroan larriagotu ez daitezen. Lehenik eta behin, antsietate terminoari buruzko analisi kontzeptuala egiten da, baita nahasmenduaren etiologia, prebalentzia eta tipologiari buruzkoa ere. Segidan, ondorio emozionalak eta maila akademikoan duten eragina ezagutarazten dira, eta ikasgelan antsietatea hautemateko sistema bat errazten da ere. Jarraian, haurtzaroko beste nahaste mota batzuekin bat datorrela erakusten da, pairatzen duten antsietate mota zehazteko diagnostiko-irizpideak adierazten dira eta tratamendu-terapia nagusiak azaldu ere. Amaitzeko, Haur Hezkuntzako mindfulness-ean esku hartzeko hainbat proposamen aztertzen dira eta 2 eta 3 urte bitarteko haurren antsietatea murrizteko tailer bat diseinatzen da meditazio-teknika honen bidez. Hitz gakoak: antsietatea, heziketa emozionala, tratamendu-terapiak, Haur Hezkuntza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20318,2017-01-12,"The number plate identification has endless applications in the field of maintaining control over vehicle in various situations. Because of the importance of the unsupervised controlling of vehicles the objective of this project it is to develop an algorithm for automatic vehicle license plate recognition (ANPR). The ANPR systems have gained much interest in recent years along with the improvement of digital cameras and the gain in computational capacity of computers. To develop this project, it has designed a system that allows the identification of license plates composed of five main blocks: location of the vehicle plate within the image, extraction of the plate to separate it from the image, processing plate to remove impurities and noise and facilitate subsequent detection, segmentation and identification the characters. The final phase of this project is the detection of the characters, it has been chosen an artificial neural network for the detection because they present very interesting characteristics such as learning and flexibility that allow to achieve high rates of success.","Matrikula-identifikazioak, aplikazio pilo ditu, ibilgailuen kontrola hainbat egoeretan mantentzeko arloan. Ibilgailuen kontrol ez ikuskatuta duen garrantzia dela eta, proiektu honen helburu orokorra, algoritmo bat garatzea da, ibilgailuen matrikula (ANPR-a) automatikoki onartzen duena. ANPR-a sistemek, interes asko piztu dute azkenengo urteotan, kamara digitalen hobekuntzarekin batera, baita ordenagiluen ahalmen konputazionaleko irabaziekin ere. Proiektu hau garatzeko, sistema bat diseinatu da eta honen bitartez, matrikularen identifikazioa, bost bloke nagusitan osatu daiteke: Ibilgailuaren matrikularen lokalizazioa irudi barruan; matrikularen erauzketa, iruditik banantzeko; matrikularen prozesatzea, lohiakeriak eta zarata ezabatzeko eta ondorengo detekzioa errazteko; karaktereen segmentazioa eta hauen identifikazioa. Proiektu honen azkeneko faserako, hau da, karaktereen detekziorako, metodo moduan aukeratu da sare neuronal artifizial bat, ezaugarri interesgarriak aurkezten baititu. Hauen artean adibidez, Ikaskuntza eta malgurtasuna aipatu ditzazkegu, asmatze-tasa altuak lortzea baimentzen dituzte eta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31348,2018,"In order to be healthy in the future, it is to do physical activity. Inside the educational system, physical education is the field that focuses on working the physical activity. Although, more often than not, enough is not done. In this work, the new technologies and the physical education will be joined to mesure the physical activity. For that, the student from Gallego Gorria primary school will be analyzed through the use of ONwalk 500 podometer. During 3 months, in each session, the number of steps, the distance (km), the burnt kilokalories and the time on move of each student will be counted, so then it can be compared with the reccomendations of the health experts.","Etorkizun osasuntsu bat izateko jarduera fisikoa egitea beharrezkoa da. Hezkuntza sisteman jarduera fisikoari erantzuna emateko erabiltzen den arloa gorputz hezkuntza da. Baina, askotan, ez da jarduera fisiko nahikorik egiten. Lan honetan, heziketa fisikoa eta teknologia berriak bat egingo dute saio hauetan egiten den jarduera fisikoa neurtzeko. Horretarako, Gallego Gorria ikastetxeko ikasleak aztertuko dira, ONwalk 500 izeneko podometro baten bidez. 3 hilabetetan zehar, saio bakoitzean ikasleek egiten dituzten pausoak, distantzia (km), erretako kilokaloriak eta mugimenduan egondako denbora neurtuko dira, ondoren osasun adituen gomendioekin alderatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19586,2016-11-23,"The current document contains a resume of the final degree work, which consist on a technological upgrade of an existing statistic controller server application of the subject information systems’ architecture from the third course of the engineering of telecommunication technologies degree. The aim behind the technological upgrade is to redesign the different layers of the application so the application could play its main function more effectively. It’s going to start from the actual architecture of the application, partially based on the Model View Controller design pattern, to change make an architectonical upgrade to change its organization to a multitier architecture. This will allow the execution of the application within the new technologies and new devices and also to make the next extensions for the rest of the subjects.","Dokumentu honetan gradu amaierako lan baten memoria dago, telekomunikazio teknologiako hirugarren mailako informazio sistemen arkitektura irakasgaiko estatistikoen zerbitzariaren birmoldaketa teknologikoaren memoria hain zuzen ere. Esandako birmoldaketan, aplikazioaren geruza ezberdinak berriro diseinatuko dira aplikazioak bere funtzio nagusia modu egokiago batean egin dezan. Horretarako, aplikazioaren oraingo arkitekturatik hasiko da birmoldaketa, Modelo Bista Kontroladore diseinuan partzialki oinarritutako arkitektura batetik, multitier o multigeruza arkitektura batera pasatzeko aplikazioaren antolakuntza. Honek aplikazioa teknologia eta gailu berrietara moldatzen, baita haren geroko hedapenen garapenak egiten baimenduko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50183,2021-02-12,"After analysing the presence of humour in postmodern picturebooks of children’s literature, the present work offers a reading guide for primary school teachers. It has compiled humorous postmodern picturebooks aimed at students aged between six and twelve and proposed certain activities to carry out with some of them. To do so, it has been essential to analyse the presence of humour in both postmodern Children’s Literature and postmodern picturebooks. Based on this bibliographic research, the guide has been divided into seven categories: metafiction, nonsense, irony, polyphony, exaggeration, intertextuality and contradiction.","Umoreak Haur Literaturako album postmodernoan duen presentzia aztertu ostean, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleei bideratutako irakurketa gida bat eskaintzen da. Bertan, sei eta hamabi urte bitarteko ikasleei bideratutako umorezko album postmodernoak batu izan dira eta horietako batzuk gelan nola landu zehaztu. Gida hau sortzeko, funtsezkoa izan da umoreak Haur Literatura postmodernoan zein album postmodernoan duen presentzia ikertzea. Azterketa bibliografiko horretan oinarrituta, zazpi kategoriatan banatu izan da irakurketa gida: metafikzioa, zentzugabekeria, ironia, polifonia, gehiegikeria, testuartekotasuna eta kontraesana." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19615,2016-11-25,"The main objective of the project described in this document is to get as a final product a free software and open source calendar system, that fulfills its mission efficiently. It is thought to give all basic functionalities that other calendar applications have. Another goal of the current project is to design and deploy some new functionalities, for example: event filtering when an authorized user tries to insert them into another user calendar, public calendar creation to use them as a base schema or as a model. Those calendars need to be capable of update themselves from year to year. To reach this objective, the idea is to reuse an existing open source project. A secondary goal is to fix the bugs that this base project might have.","Dokumentu honetan deskribatutako proiektuaren helburua software librean oinarritutako egutegi-sistema bat lortzea da. Produktu honek bere eginkizunak eraginkorki bete behar ditu. Beste edozein egutegi-aplikaziok eskaintzen dituen funtzionalitate basikoak emango ditu. Horrez gain, proiektu honek beste helburu bat dauka: zenbait funtzionaltasun berriak diseinatzea eta inplementatzea, adibidez: gertakari-irgazapena eskudun erabiltzaile batek beste egutegi batean sartu nahi izatean, egutegi publiko bat egitean beste erabiltzaile batzuk txantiloi gisa erabiltzeko. Egutegi horiek aktualizatzeko gai izan behar dira urtero. Jomuga hau lortzeko, beste open source proiektu bat berrerabiltzea da asmoa. Bigarren mailako helburu bat da proiektu horren akatsak konpontzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21531,2017-05-16,"Nowadays the amount of people who die because of cardiac arrest is significantly higher than others like the ones related to traffic accidents or fires, even if these have more relevancy in the media but it’s repercussion is way lower. This must be matter of concern because a good training of the population in rescuing and first aid would be very important for reducing some of these deaths. Resuscitation guidelines were founded with the objective of going forward on the research. These guidelines summarize the advances made in the field of cardiac arrest and take them as a baseline to recommend an actuation protocol for high-risk situations. Resuscitation guidelines, published every 5 years, base their development in the deep research of 3 main parameters taking part during the compressions delivered during heart massage: depth, rate and compression/decompression time/total cycle time relation. These 3 parameters define the quality of the cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and this is why researches have focused on the analysis of their behaviour in order to improve the performance of the emergency equipment. Nevertheless, recently the existence of a new independent parameter has been proposed. This parameter, chest decompression velocity, would be an important source in order to assess the quality of compressions. Zoll Medical Corporation company in collaboration with many other partners has recently published a research concluding that, even though if there is not a strong evidence to say this new parameter is relevant, it can be a new way to research. The main question is if this parameter actually is an independent parameter from the traditional ones or if it’s somehow related with any of them, and therefore it does not have as much information as it seemed. In this context this document develops the observational study performed over a previously recorded database, focusing on the analysis of the variable of velocity of the chest release. A specifically developed tool allows the characterization of each of the compressions of the database, extracting its main parameters for their observational analysis. Extracted conclusions will not be only a scientific progress for themselves, but in positive case they will also open a new way of research in relation to this new parameter.","Gaur egun bihotz-biriketako geldialdiaren eraginez gertatutako heriotzak mediatikoagoak diren beste batzuk baino gehiago dira, hala nola suteen edota trafiko istripuen eraginez gertatutakoak, eta hala ere bere oihartzuna askoz txikiagoa da. Jazoera hau larritzeko arrazoia izan behar da, izan ere bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen inguruko populazioaren hezkuntza zuzen batekin, heriotza hauetako asko ekidin ahal izango ziren. Bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen arloko ikerketan aurrera egiteko berpizte gidak sortu ziren, egindako aurrerapenak biltzen eta horietan oinarrituta kasu kritikoetarako jarraibidea finkatzen dutelarik. 5 urtero argitaratutako berpizte gidak bere garapena berpiztean egindako konpresioetan parte hartzen duten 3 parametro nagusietan oinarritzen dute: sakonera, frekuentzia eta konpresio/deskonpresio denbora eta ziklo osoaren denboraren arteko erlazioa. 3 parametro hauek bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen kalitatea definitzen dute, horregatik orain arte ikerketak bere portaera aztertzean zentratu dira emergentzia taldeen erantzuna hobetzeko asmoz. Hala ere duela gutxi konpresioen kalitatea aztertzeko garrantzitsua izan daitekeen parametro independente berri baten existentzia proposatu da: bularraren deskonpresio abiadura. Zoll Medical Corporation konpainiak beste partner batzuen laguntzarekin ikerketa bat argitaratu berri du non parametro berriaren garrantzia baieztatu ezin duen arren, bai ireki egiten du ikerketa bide bat horren inguruan. Galdera nagusia hurrengoa da: parametro hau berez beste parametro tradizionalekiko parametro independente bat da edo nolabaiteko erlazioa dauka horietako batekin/batzuekin eta berez, ez du pentsatu bezain besteko informazioa? Testuinguru honetan dokumentu honek aurretik grabatutako erregistro base batetan oinarritutako behaketa ikerketa garatzen du, non abiadura aldagaiaren analisian zentratzen da. Espreski proiektu honetarako garatutako erreminta batek banan-banan erregistro-basean dauden konpresio guztiak karakterizatzea ahalbidetzen du, bere parametro garrantzitsuenak identifikatuz ondoren horien gainean behaketa analisia egiteko. Ateratako ondorioak ez dira berez garapen zientifiko bat bakarrik izango, izan ere positiboak izanez gero parametro berri honen inguruan ikerketa bide berri bat irekiko dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37127,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the great economic development of the province of Bizkaia in the last 40 years has made it become the population nucleus of the Basque Autonomous Community, registering the highest population density with regard to Áraba and Guipúzcoa. According to recent studies, this population is immersed in a period of economic upswing, which is assuming a notable increase in the number of vehicles registered in the province, which brings with it a problem of parking saturation in the most populated municipalities. Specifically, Bilbao is the municipality where the most problems of saturation of parking spaces are registered, because it is the municipality where almost half of the population of Bizkaia resides. For this reason, the Bilbao City Council has carried out in recent years the creation of about fifty municipally owned car park buildings for the parking of vehicles by residents of the Villa. Even so, according to data published by the City Council in its annual report, the municipal car parks of Bilbao register a high occupation, reason for which it is decided to study the feasibility of implementing a new municipal deterrent parking in one of the most saturated neighborhoods of the municipality, the neighborhood of Rekalde (District 7).","Laburpena: azken 40 urteetako Bizkaia-ko probintziaren garapen ekonomiko handiak eragin du Euskal Autonomia-Erkidegoaren populazio-nukleo bihur dadila, biztanleriaren dentsitate handiena Áraba-ri eta Guipuzkoa-ri buruz erregistratuz. Estudio berrien arabera, aipaturiko populazioa murgilduta aurkitzen da onaldi ekonomikoko garaian, probintzian matrikulatutako ibilgailuetako parkeko handiagotze nabarmena uste duena, aparkaleku-asetasun arazoa ekartzen duena udal beteenetan. Zehazki, Bilbo udala da jada aparkaleku-plaza asetasun arazo handiagoak erregistratzen diren tokian, udala da tokian ia Bizkaia-ko populazioaren erdia bizi den. Horregatik, Bilboko Udalak azken urteetan burutu du hiribilduko auzotar egoiliarren aldetik ibilgailu-geratzera zuzendutako udal-titulartasun aparkaleku eraikinetako ehun erdiko sorrera. Dena dela, Udaletxeak bere urteko txostenean argitaratutako datuen arabera, Bilboko udal-aparkalekuek erregistratzen dute okupazio altua, zeinengatik udal-disuasioaparkaleku berriko egite bideragarritasuna auzo udalaz, Rekalde-ko auzoaz (Distritu 7), aseenetako batean ikastea erabakitzen den arrazoia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31778,2019-02-28,"As the result of the changes in the society in the last few years, children are being educated earlier at schools. The change from the family to the school is not an easy process for these children and teachers must know the capacities of their pupils so as to help in this process. So the aim of this work is to know how a good process of reception can happen. In order to get this, the work starts from the observation of each part which participates in the educational process –pupils, family and teachers-, as each one has an influence in the rest. The results has shown us that to achieve a good educational reception we must take into account some factors, being the child and his/her capacities the center of the process.","Azken urteotan gizartean gertatutako aldaketen eraginez, haurrak gero eta goizago eskolatzen dira. Familiatik eskolara ematen den aldaketa hori ez da batere prozesu erraza izaten haurrentzat eta hezitzaileek umetxoaren gaitasunak ezagutzea ezinbestekoa da umetxo eta ume txikiei egokiro lagundu ahal izateko. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua eskolatze prozesuan egunero gertatzen den harrera modu egokian nola egiten den ezagutzea izango da. Horretarako, lanaren abiapuntua harrerako parte-hartzaile diren umeen, gurasoen eta hezitzaileen behaketa sistematikoa izango da, horietako bakoitzaren jardunbideak gainerakoengan eragina duelako. Aurrera eramandako azterketaren emaitzek harrera egoki egiteko faktore batzuk kontuan izan behar direla erakutsi digute, horiek betetzean harrera prozesua errazago bihurtuz; betiere haurra protagonista dela aintzat hartuta eta bere gaitasunak kontuan hartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32236,2019-03-29,"The project developed at the Bilbao Engineering School in collaboration with Emergencias-Osakidetza is based on the analysis of biomedical signals in the field of cardiorespiratory arrest. Cardiorespiratory arrest is defined as the sudden arrest of the mechanical activity of the heart. There are two points to patient survival: early cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and early defibrillation. Once the health personnel arrive, they apply advanced life support techniques. In this project, the records obtained belong to four different bases of advanced life support of Emergencias-Osakidetza. The objective of the project is the analysis and characterization of records of extra-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest received. Therefore, the base of records is obtained for further treatment. The visualization tool is developed to analyse biomedical signals and clinical data. In addition, characterization of the database is performed for parameters of interest such as sex, age or the complexion of the patient. And finally, cardiorespiratory arrest episodes for quality RCP are characterized. Through the MATLAB programming environment, a tool has been developed to visualize the signals recorded by the monitor-defibrillator, as well as the additional information of the patient. In addition, a viewer has been developed to visualize cardiorespiratory arrest signals in windows of programmable duration. The parameters of interest of the clinical data of the patients have been characterized. And finally, quality metrics have been obtained from two different points of view. The first is based on the quality reports of cardiopulmonary resuscitation obtained by the CODE-STAT program and the second is the results obtained through the program developed in MATLAB for the calculation of quality parameters for own use. In conclusion, the collaboration of the Signal and Communications Group with Emergencies-Osakidetza would be maintained at a future because the research it is necessary to obtain the data and its subsequent characterization. All this, contributes to improve care in the face of cardiorespiratory arrest, an area in which studies must continue to be developed.","Bilboko Ingeniaria Eskolan garatutako proiektua seinale biomedikoen analisian oinarrituta dago. Horretarako, Emergencias-Osakidetzaren kolaborazioa funtsezkoa izan da. Arnasketaren geldipena bihotzaren aktibitate mekanikoa bat-batean gelditzen denean sortzen da. Pazientea bizitzeko funtsezkoak dira bi aktibitate egitea: arnasketaren geldipena eta desfibrilazio arina. Ekipo sanitarioa lekura ailegatzen denean teknika aurreratuak egiten hasiko da. Proiektu honetan, Emergencias-Osakidetzaren lau base ezberdinen erregistroak jasotzen dira. Proiektu honen helburua erregistroak analizatzea eta karakterizatzea da. Erregistroak hartu ondoren tratatu egingo dira. Horretarako, bistarapen-erreminta bat garatzen da seinale biomedikoak eta datu klinikoak bistaratzeko. Gainera, erregistroen intereseko parametroak karakterizatzen dira, esate baterako, sexua, adina edo pazientearen gorpuzkera. Azkenik, kalitatearen karakterizazioa burutzen da. MATLAB programazioaren bidez, monitore-desfibriladoreak grabatutako seinaleak eta haren datu klinikoak bistaratzen duen erreminta garatzen da. Bestalde, arnasketaren geldipena bistaratzen duen erreminta egin da, zeinek seinaleak programagarriak diren leihoetan bistaratzen duen. Pazienteen datu kliniko interesgarriak karakterizatu dira. Azkenik, kalitatearen ikuspegitik analisia egin da bi ikuspuntu ezberdinetatik. Lehenengoa, CODE-STAT programaren bitartez lortutako kalitate-txostenetan oinarrituta dago, eta bigarrena MATLAB programaren bidez garatutako erremintarekin lortutako emaitzetan oinarritu da. Beraz, oso garrantzitsua izango zen etorkizunerako mantentzea unibertsitatearen eta Emergencias-Osakidetzaren arteko lan-harremana, datuak eta haien karakterizazioa funtsezkoa baita ikerketarako. Hori guztia, arnasketaren geldipenean emandako erantzuna hobetzeko beharrezkoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68840,2024-07-09,"Photovoltaics are becoming increasingly important in the power generation industry. As a result, the crystalline silicon solar cells used in the industry for the fabrication of photovoltaic panels have evolved considerably, with IBC cells being the most recent. These cells use more complex and expensive structures than their predecessors (Al BSF and PERC), achieving higher efficiency. They are mainly manufactured by three companies, each with its own technology. As a result, IBC cells are in high demand for research to reach more companies in the industry. In this project, IBC cells have been characterised according to technological and geometrical parameters. Regarding the technological parameters, the IV curve of the cell was measured at different illuminations using SolarTiM software. In addition, the Multiv software was used to define the parameters. It has been observed that these are very high efficiency cells, with a VOC of 720 mV, an ISC of 40 mA/cm2 and a breakdown voltage of 2.5 V (VBR). In order to carry out these measurements, laboratory machines mainly designed for traditional solar cells have been adapted for IBC cells. To achieve this, the layout of a PCB has been designed using multisim/ultiboard applications, and the prototype has been fabricated using chemistry. This prototype has been used both to measure global parameters and to carry out electroluminescence measurements. As for the geometrical parameters, measurements of the IBC solar cell were taken using the laboratory's 3D microscope. Finally, the analysis of the series resistance in the cell geometry and its relationship with efficiency was concluded. It has been proven that the value of the measured series resistances corresponds to the theoretical development.","Energia fotovoltaikoa gero eta garrantzia handiagoa hartzen ari da energia sorkuntzaren industrian. Horregatik, industrian panel fotovoltaikoak egiteko erabiltzen diren silizio kristalinozko eguzki zelulek eboluzio handia izan dute, berrienak IBC zelulak izanda. Zelula hauek bere aurrekariak (Al BSF eta PERC) baino egitura konplexuagoak eta garestiagoak erabiltzen dituzte, efizientzia handiagoa lortuz. Nagusiki hiru enpresek fabrikatzen dituzte, bakoitzak bere teknologia propioa erabiliz. Horregatik, IBC zelulek ikerkuntza eskaera handia dute, industriako enpresa gehiagora hel daitezen. Proiektu honetan, IBC zelulen karakterizazioa burutu da parametro teknologiko eta geometrikoen arabera. Parametro teknologikoei dagokionez, zelularen IV kurba neurtu da argiztapen ezberdinetara, SolarTiM software-aren bitartez. Gainera, parametroak definitzeko Multiv software-a erabili da. Oso efizientzia altuko zelulak direla ikusi da, hala nola 720 mV-ko VOC-a, 40 mA/cm2-ko ISC-a eta 2,5 V-eko alderantzizko etendura tentsioa (VBR). Neurketa hauek egin ahal izateko, eguzki zelula estandarrentzako diseinatuta dauden laborategiko makinak IBC zeluletara egokitu dira. Horretarako PCB euskarri baten layout-a diseinatu da multisim/ultiboard aplikazioetan eta kimikaren bitartez prototipoa fabrikatu da. Prototipo hau bai parametro globalak neurtzeko, bai elektrolumineszentzia neurketak egiteko baliozkotu da. Parametro geometrikoak karakterizatzeko lehenengo 3D mikroskopioarekin IBC eguzki zelularen neurriak hartu dira, eta amaitzeko serieko erresistentzia zelularen geometrian eta efizientziarekin duen erlazioa analizatu da garapen baten bitartez. Neurtutako serieko erresistentzien balioa garapen teorikoarekin bat datozela frogatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16345,2015-12-04,"The purpose of this project is to program and machine of a mould for aluminium injection, in order to obtein from it a bateria pedal drum. For this, it will firstly be needed to program on CAD the mould for aluminium injection. After that, the program will be held in Surfcam V4.0, software developed by Vero Software, to define the path of the tool taking its forms into account. Once defined the paths on the program, this will be executed in a machining center over an aluminium billet.","Lan honen helburua aluminiozko injekzio molde bat programatu eta mekanizatzea da, bateria pedal bat lortzeko xedeaz. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin CAD bitartez moldea diseinatu beharko da. Ostean, Surfcam V4.0 programara esportatu eta erreminten ibilbidea zehaztuko da, haien geometria kontuan hartuta. Behin programaren zehaztuta, mekanizazio gune batean burutu egingo da, aluminio totxo bat erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23134,2017-07,"The progress made in the field of robotics over the last few years has provided the means to automate several tasks, which has led to a vast productivity and security increase in industry, in addition spreading to other fields such as medicine. Nevertheless, these systems present some disadvantages, for instance, the difficulty to work in a cooperative manner with people, due to the risk involved in the procedure. For this reason, inspired by natural elements such as octopuses’ tentacles, soft robots are being developed in order to make up for the disadvantages of traditional robots. The objective of this paper is to analyze and evaluate several techniques to reduce the vibrations originated by the movement of a flexible parallel kinematic manipulator. In order to do this a simplified mathematical model of the robot and its control system has been designed with MATLAB and Simulink, which allows to simulate the displacement and accelerations on the terminal element, as well as to test the vibration control methods.","Errobotikaren eremuan azken urteotan izan diren aurrerapenek baimendu dute hainbat lan automatizatzea, horrela industrian produktibitatea eta segurtasuna handituz eta beste sektore batzuetara zabalduz, medikuntza esate baterako. Hala ere sistema hauek desabantaila batzuk aurkezten dituzte, adibidez, gizakiekin batera lan egiteko zailtasunak, istripuren bat izateko arriskua dela eta. Errobot tradizionalen desabantaila batzuk konpontzeko errobot malguak diseinatzen hasi dira elementu naturaletan oinarrituta, adibidez olagarroen garroetan. Lan honen helburua da manipulatzaile paralelo baten mugimenduan zehar sortutako bibrazioak moteltzeko teknika ezberdinak aztertzea eta ebaluatzea. Horretarako errobotaren eta kontrol sistemaren modelo matematiko sinplifikatua eratu da MATLAB eta Simulink programak erabiliz. Modelo matematiko horretaz baliatuz elementu terminalaren mugimendua eta azelerazioa simula daitezke, eta bibrazioak kontrolatzeko metodoen eraginkortasuna frogatu daiteke ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25489,1997,"During the last decades it can be observed an increment of illegal activities carried by groups, that gave rise to a more corporative criminality, the organized crime. The criminal associations are characterized by an elevated complexity of organization and they work according to economic approachs; these facts bring a great difficulty to recognize the organized criminality. These organizations have problems with the investment of the accumulated ready money and they face the need of the “money-laundering.”","Azkeneko hamarkada hauetan nabarmena da taldeek burutu dituzten legez aurkako jardueren gehikuntza, hau da, gero eta talde-kriminalitate gehiago dago, gero eta krimen antolatugehiago. Elkarte kriminalen ezaugarrien artean konplexutasuna dago, irizpide ekonomikoetan oinarritzen dira eta, ondorioz, arazo handiak izaten dira kriminalitate antolatua aztertzerakoan. Baina elkarte horiek arazoak izaten dituzte pilatutako likidezia inbertitzeko eta, berez, “kapitalak zuritzeko” arazoak izaten dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55042,2022-01-18,"When talking about the importance of children's stories in the educational stage of Pre-Primary Education, it is also essential how these stories are read. Research on how these narratives are conducted in classrooms suggests that these are not usually given effectively. For this purpose, this work aims to deal with how this activity is performed at school. To do this, research has been carried out on the strategies that teachers must take into account and, subsequently, a questionnaire to know what happens in the school reality. The results indicate that the people surveyed are not only aware of these strategies but also make use of them.","Haur Hezkuntzako hezkuntza-etapan ipuinek duten garrantziaz hitz egiten denean, ipuin horiek nola irakurtzen diren ere funtsezkoa da. Ikasgeletan narrazio horiek egiteko moduari buruzko ikerketen arabera, narrazio horiek ez dira modu eraginkorrean ematen. Horregatik, lan honen helburua eskola-testuinguruan praktika hori nola egiten ari den egiaztatzea da. Horretarako, Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek kontuan hartu behar dituzten estrategiei buruzko ikerketa bat egin da, eta, ondoren, galdeketa bat, eskola-errealitatean zer gertatzen den jakiteko. Emaitzen arabera, inkestatutako pertsonak estrategia horien jakitun izateaz gain, estrategia horiek erabiltzen dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14740,2015-03-12,"The aim of this project is to find different alternatives for forest waste´s energetic valorization, analyze the process and the different machinery involved, and finally choose the most suitable one based on certain criterion.","Proiektu honen bidez, baso hondakinen balorizazio energetikorako aukera ezberdinak bilatu nahi da, aztertu prozesua eta beharrezko makineria, eta azkenik egokiena aukeratu irizpide zehatz batzuetan oinarrituta" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50726,2021-03-22,"The family and the school play a fundamental role in the child's education, both emotionally and academically. At school, the subject of the family is worked on, but over the years its vision has not changed and children internalize the traditional family model from an early age. They spend many hours in school and in order to feel respected and accepted it is essential to value their family. Therefore, it is necessary for teachers to know the reality of each child and their family situation, in order to be able to give presence in the classroom, transmitting diversity and respect. The aim of this End of Degree Project is to analyse the presence and characteristics of the new family models in the Basque Autonomous Community, especially in Infant Education. In addition, new family models will be described and the image of children around the family, the treatment of the subject and the role of women will be analysed. Methodologically, in order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, biographical and statistical sources have been used in the first place to obtain objective theories and data. After having information about the family, taking advantage of observation, interviews, activities, a template and analysis of materials carried out in a school, own results have been obtained. The results obtained about the school analyzed have been interesting; in this school it can be said that there is a diversity of family models, but the model of majority families is traditional. It has been observed that the role of women is related to gender roles; although most women are workers, most of them are in charge of domestic and childcare tasks. In addition, school materials are outdated and reflect gender inequality and a single family model. Moreover, teachers do not guarantee diversity or respect children with new family models. Values such as diversity and respect are essential to achieving an inclusive school. In short, by analysing the biographical and statistical sources and the conclusions drawn from the school's research, the aim is to provide a current view of the subject of the family and its teaching.","Umearen heziketan familia eta eskola ezinbesteko funtzioa betetzen dute, arlo emozional zein akademikoan. Eskolan familiaren gaia lantzen da, baina urteetan zehar ez da haren ikuspegia aldatu eta haurrek familia tradizionalaren eredua barneratzen dute txikitatik. Hauek ordu asko egiten dituzte eskolan, eta errespetatuak eta onartuak sentitzeko ezinbestekoa da haien familia baloratzea. Beraz, premiazkoa izan beharko litzateke iraskasleek haur bakoitzaren errealitatea eta familiaren egoeraren berri izatea, horrela gelan presentzia eman ahal izateko, aniztasuna eta errespetua helaraziz. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua gaur egun Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan sortu diren familia eredu berrien presentzia eta ezaugarriak aztertzea, eta bereziki Haur Hezkuntzan, nolako trataera duten ikertzea da. Horrez gain, familia eredu berriak deskribatuko dira, eta haurrek familiaren inguruan duten irudia, gaiaren lanketa eta emakumearen rola nolakoa den aztertuko dira. Metodologiari dagokionez, aipatutako helburuak lortzeko lehenik eta behin, teoria eta datu objektiboak lortzeko iturri biografikoak eta estatistikoak erabili dira. Familiaren gaiaren inguruko informazioa izan ondoren, eskola batean gauzatutako behaketaz, elkarrizketetaz, ekintzetaz, txantiloiaz eta materialen azterketaz baliatuz, berezko emaitzak lortu dira. Aztertutako eskolaren inguruan lortutako emaitzak interesgarriak izan dira; eskola honetan familia eredu aniztasuna dagoela esan daiteke, baina familia gehiengoen eredua tradizionala da. Emakumeen rola genero rolei lotuta dagoela ikusi da nahiz eta emakume gehienak landunak izan, eskolako ama gehienak etxeko lanak eta haurren ardura daukate. Gainera, eskolako materialei dagokienez, zaharkituak daude eta genero desberdintasuna eta familia eredu bakarra islatzen dute. Gainera, irakasleriak ez du aniztasuna bermatzen, ezta familia eredu berriak dituzten haurrak errespetatzen ere. Izan ere, eskola inklusiboa lortzeko, aniztasuna eta errespetua bezalako baloreak ezinbestekoak dira. Laburbilduz, iturri biografiko eta estatistikoak eta ikastetxeko ikerketatik ateratako ondorioak aztertuta, familiaren gaiaren eta haren irakaskuntzaren egungo ikuspegia eman nahi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24231,2017-09,"The objective of this Final Thesis is to conduct a benchmarking analysis of the Basque Country with other European regions (Västsverige, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Midlands and Nord-Pas-de-Calais) to assess the effectiveness of industrial and innovation policy, identify the strengths and weaknesses of the strategies put in place in the last decades to promote economic and industrial change and propose lines of improvement for the future. To this end, the context of industrial and innovation policy in the EU is analyzed and the fundamental characteristics of the economic structure and industrial and innovation governance pursued in each of the regions are studied. The benchmarking analysis focuses on two main areas: regional performance in innovation and regional competitiveness. Finally, from the application of the benchmarking analysis some lessons are drawn for the future of industrial and innovation policy in the Basque Country.","Gradu Amaiera Lan honen helburua beste europear eskualde batzuekin (Västsverige, Renania del Norte-Westfalia, West Midlands y Nord-Pas-de-Calais) Euskadiren benchmarking azterketa bat egitea da, industri eta berrikuntza politikak ebaluatzeko, aldaketa ekonomiko eta industriala sustatzeko abian jarri diren estrategien indarguneak eta ahuleziak identifikatzeko eta etorkizunerako hobekuntza moduak proposatzeko. Horretarako, Europar Batasuneko industri eta berrikuntzako politiken testuingurua aztertzen da eta eskualde bakoitzeko ekonomia-egituraren eta jarraitutako industria eta berrikuntza gobernantzaren oinarrizko ezaugarriak aztertzen dira. Benchmarking azterketa bi esparru nagusitan zentratzen da, berrikuntzako eskualde-mailako errendimendua eta eskualde-mailako lehiakortasuna. Azkenik, benchmarking-aren aplikaziotik Euskadiren etorkizuneko industri eta berrikuntza politikentzako ondorioak ateratzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23355,2017-09,"The main objective of the present work is to carry out a study and analysis of the current transformers which are used for measurement and protection, and the subsequent modelling of these. Using the Matlab software tool, it will be possible to model the current transformer to facilitate its study, and to be able to examine its behavior in its different states of operation.","Aurkezten den lanaren helburu nagusia, neurketarako eta babeserako erabiltzen diren, intentsitateko transformadoreen ikerketa eta analisia gauzatzea da, azkenik, modelaketa eginez. Matlab software-aren erabileraz lortuko da egungo transformadorearen modelaketa, azterketa errezteko eta, era honetan, transformadorearen funtzionamendu baldintza ezberdinen portaerak aztertu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59707,2023-02-07,In this paper the Operational Modal Analysis of a wind turbine tower present in the DeepCWind project with NREL 5MW turbine and OC4 semi-submersible platform has been performed. The data of the displacements of different points of the tower have been obtained by exciting it with different types of waves of the generator by means of finite elements and to validate the process the results of modal parameters obtained have been compared with those obtained by the scientific community with positive results.,Egungo lan honetan DeepCWind proiektuko aerosorgailu baten Analisi Modal Operazional bat egin da. Analisi hau egiteko beharrezkoak izan diren aerosorgailuaren dorrearen hainbat punturen desplazamenduak elementu finituen metodoaren bitartez kalkulatu dira. Desplazamendu hauek elementu finitotako modeloa modu dezberdinetan kitzikatuz lortu dira eta parámetro modalen emaitzak komunitate zientifikoan lortutakoekin balioetsi dira. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43107,2020-05-08,"The purpose of this assignment is to study the feasibility of the LNG taking into account the reduction of emissions of the MARPOL regulation in 2020 and to study the maneuvers used for transporting LNG in a safely manner.Throughout this study, the LNG and diesel fuels, such as the HFO, components will be studied along with other low sulfur alternatives like the VLSO. Furthermore, the effects provoked by NOx, SOx and COx emissions in the environment will be studied. The price of the GNL in the market and its possibilities to be an efficient fuel in the future will be covered along with several systems implanted in the ports for moving and supplying the LNG, like the TTS and the STS. Moreover, a detailed description of how to organize a maneuver in the supply taking into consideration the system employed will be studied, dividing the maneuver in 3 courses of action. A study that consists of the compatibility between the transmitter and the receptor taking intoaccount climate conditions, communications and the interconnection of the hoses. The leakage risks during a supply maneuver will be studied and the risks of no controlling them. Finally, a regulatory compilation will be provided of the different aspects covering the bunkering, from the port infrastructures to the regulations for the formation and certifications of the on-board operators.As a result, the capacity of the LNG for being a component with a great capacity of development in the maritime sectoris reached as a conclusion and itis possible for the LNG to be able to create new alternative routes, improving both the efficiency and the speed in its services and having the possibility to be a new energetic option for the maritime sector.","Lan honen helburua, gas natural likidotuaren bideragarritasuna, 2020an MARPOL araudiak ezarritako emisio-murrizketa kontuan hartuta, eta gas natural likidotua modu seguruan garraiatzeko erabilitako maniobrak aztertzea da. Lan honetan zehar, gas natural likidotuaren eta diesel erregaien (HFO) eta sufre-ehuneko txikia duten beste aukera batzuen (VLSO) arteko emisio-konposatuak aztertuko dira, bai eta NOx, SOx eta COx isurtzeak ingurumenean eragindako ondorioak ere. Gas natural likidotuak merkatuan duen prezioa eta etorkizunean erregai eraginkorra eta arrazoizko prezioekin izateko dituen aukerak ikertuko dira. Portuetan gas natural likidotua lekualdatzeko eta hornitzeko ezarritako hainbat sistema analizatuko dira, hala nola LPSa eta STS. Gainera, hornidura-maniobra bat antolatzeko moduaren deskribapen xehatua, erabilitako sistema kontuan hartuta, maniobra hiru jarduketa-alditan zatituz. Igorlearen eta hartzailearen arteko bateragarritasun-azterketa zertan datzan aztertuko da, klimarenbaldintzak, komunikaziokoak eta mahuken interkonexioak kontuan hartuta. Hornidura-maniobra batean ihes egiteko arriskuak azalduko dira, bai eta beste arrisku batzuk ere, kontrolatu ezean. Azkenik, bunkeringaren hainbat alderdi arautzen dituzten araudien bilduma bat egingo da, portu-azpiegituretatik hasi eta ontzietako langileen prestakuntzarako eta ziurtapenerako erregulazioetaraino.Ondorioz, lana egin ondoren, gas natural likidotua itsas sektorean garatzeko gaitasun handia duen konposatua dela, eta bide alternatibo berriak sor ditzakeela, zerbitzuen eraginkortasuna eta abiadura hobetu daitezkeela eta itsas sektorearen energia-aukera berria izateko aukerak dituela, ondorioztatu du" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15794,2013,"In this module we will try to reflect on responsible consumption, conscious and transforming from a gender perspective, trying to answer the following questions: What is the role of gender inequalities in the current economic model? What impact does the production model in working conditions and the satisfaction of needs of women and men? Are there gender differences in consumption? What do women and men consume and why? How does advertising to women and men, girls and boys? How advertising affects our identity and our life choices? What is the relationship of gender to sustainable consumption? What role do women play in relation to the environment? What does responsible drinking from a gender perspective? It also proposes an exercise in self-reflection about our gender status and consumption practices.","Modulu honetan saiatuko gara hurrengo galderei erantzuten kontsumo arduratsu, kontziente eta eraldatzailearen gainean hausnartzen genero ikuspegitik: Zer paperik jokatzen dute genero-desberdintasunek gaurko modelo ekonomikoarengan? Zer inpaktu ditu ekoizpenmodeloak emakumeen eta gizonen baldintza laboraletan eta euren behar asetzean? Genero-desberdintasunik kontsumoan al dago? Emakumeek eta gizonek zer kontsumitzen duten eta zergatik? Nola tratatzen ditu emakumeak eta gizonak publizitateak, neskarik eta umerik? Nola baldintzatzen duen publizitateak gure identitateak eta bizitza-aukerak? Zein da generoaren erlazioa kontsumo iraunkorrarekin? Emakumeak zer paperetan aritzen dira ingurumenari dagokionez? Zerk ekartzen du kontsumo arduratsuak genero eta femnista ikuspegitik? Honetaz gain ariketa bat proposatzen da gure genero-baldintzari eta kontsumopraktikei buruzko autogogoetarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36831,2019-12-12,"Abstract: the aim of this project is to detect childhood asthma in children between the ages of 4 and 11, in a didactic way. In order to calculate it, it has been used a test of UnitedHealthCare's Asthma Action America organization. By answering the questions in that test, the user gets a score which can indicate if medical assistance is necessary in the patient. These functionalities have been carried out by creating a bot from the Telegram messaging application. Among the functions that you can perform with the bot, you can highlight the following ones: the capability to collect the user's data, and also to ask the test questions and if necessary, determine the appointment with the assigned doctor. The user selects a date for the appointment and an email will be sent to the doctor, in addition, the appointment will be added in Google Calendar. Furthermore, the data obtained in the bot will be analyzed, for this purpose a website has been developed to the doctor’s use. The website shows the medical agenda and the data of his patients. Patient data includes your personal data, the history of doctor's appointments, and some analyses obtained from the data extracted from the bot","Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua 4-11 urte arteko umeen asma era didaktiko batean antzematea da. Horretarako, UnitedHealthCare-eko Asthma Action America erakundeko testa oinarritzat hartu da. Testaren galderei erantzunez puntuazio bat lortzen da, eta horren bidez ondoriozta daiteke medikuaren asistentzia beharrezkoa den ala ez. Aipatutako aburua erdietsi ahal izateko Telegram mezularitza aplikazioko bot bat garatu da. Bot-ak erabiltzailearen datuak bildu, testaren galderak egin eta beharrezkoa bada gaixoak esleituta duen medikuarekin hitzordua zehaztuko du. Erabiltzaileak hitzordua aukeratu eta medikuari korreo bat helaraziko zaio; honekin batera Google Calendar-en hitzordua gehituz. Era berean, botean lortutako datuak aztertuko dira, horretarako medikuari zuzendutako web orrialde bat garatu da. Web orrialde horretan, medikuaren agenda agertuko da, haren gaixoen datuekin eta lortutako datuen analisiekin batera. (EUSKERA)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29456,2018-10-31,"This project consists in the development and implementation of a software that optimizes the deployment of new communication nodes in catastrophic areas, in order to provide a larger area of coverage for rescue teams. For its development, a multi-objective problem (in which the objectives are, provide the minimum cost of deployment and the maximum area covered) which gives as a result the position of the nodes in a large area. For the resolution of this problem bio-inspired algorithms will be used, these algorithms provide a balanced solution for the 2 objectives. In this problem we have opted for the following algorithms: NSGAII, SMPSO and MOEAD.","Proiektu honek hondamendi eremuetan komunikazio-nodo berrien hedapena optimizatzen duen softwarea garatzea eta ezartzea du helburu, erreskate-taldeei estaldura-eremu handiagoa eskaintzeko. Garapenean zehar arazo anitzeko helburua proposatzen da (gutxieneko inplementazio-kostu eta estalitako gehineko azalera bilatuz), irtenbide gisa nodoen kokalekua ematen duenak eremu zabalean. Arazo honi aurre egiteko, proposatutako bi helburuak lortzeko bioinsipatuko algoritmoak erabiliko dira. Horretarako aukeratuko algoritmoak NSGAII, SMPSO eta MOEAD izan dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14347,2015-02-05,"The following work is a study of the different types of structural possibilities for a covered parking space, constructed in either wood or steel. In order to make the proper analysis, it is necessary to study the various advantages and disadvantages of a construction of this type by looking at multiple factors ranging from materials required, functionality, maintenance, aesthetics, difficulty of execution and obviously costs. Once the factors have been considered a design can be made using either of the two materials specified previously. Upon completion of the design of the structure, which should principally be based on functionality, a further analysis is required to determine which type of foundations are suitable to support the proposed structure. Once the dimensions of the structure have been calculated using Tricalc software, further exact measurements and construction details are made in order to determine the material used for construction i.e wood or steel. An economic study is done on both options, including maintenance costs and finally a decision is made on which material would adapt better to the site surroundings.","Lan honetan aparkalekuetako markesinek dituzten egitura forma ezberdinei buruzko analisi eta konparaketa bat egiten da, batez ere zurez eta altzairuz egindakoak. Aipatutako analisia egiteko materialen abantailak eta desabantailak, funtzionaltasuna, mantenua, estetika, egite zailtasuna eta ekonomia baloratu dira, horrez gain aipatutako materialez egindako markesina baten diseinua egin delarik. Markesina egiteko, elementuaren funtzionaltasunaren baldintzak betetzen dituen diseinu bat egiten da. Gainera, egitura sistema guztia, partez parte, aztertzen dira, agertuko diren eta lurrazalera trasmititu beharko diren akzioak zehaztearekin hasiz. Trasmititu beharreko esfortsuak lortu ondoren, zimentazio lurrazalaren kalitatearen hipotesi bat egingo da, zimentazioaren ezaugarriak zehazteko asmoz. Lehenago, egitura sistemaren aurredimentsionaketa bat egiten da, zeinen kalkulua egiteko Tricalc programa erabili den. Dimentsio zehatzak eta aztertu beharreko material bakoitzaren (zura eta altzairua) zehastasun konstruktiboak edukita, lortutako diseinu bakoitzaren balorazio ekonomiko bat egiten da, adibidez, muntaia eta desmuntaiari edo mantenuari dagozkien emaitza ekonomiko eta errentagarrienak ezagutzeko. Egitura funtzioez gain, zura eta altzairuaren ingurune moldaketak ere aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43095,2020-05-08,"This work is a technical study that explains the activity developed in the Jeremias industrial group. This document examines two of the main activities carried out in that company. On the one hand, the process for carrying out an assessment of collective chimneys for boilers is described and on the other hand the different systems of controlled mechanical ventilation for homes are analyzed. For both cases, a study of a residential building is carried out as an example of what was described above.The work strictly follows the indications of the following regulations: UNE 123001: Calculation, design and installation of modular fireplaces. The Indoor Air Quality section in the Basic Health Document of the Technical Building Code (CTE). In the study of collective chimneys for boilers the following points are analyzed: Selection of the necessary chimney system and material. Calculationof necessary chimney diameter.In the study of controlled mechanical ventilation (VCM) for homes, the following points will be analyzed: Types of VMC systems. Calculation of ducts section. Calculation of load losses. Selection of ventilator or heat recuperator. The work also consists of the necessary documentation for easy understanding of it, such as: plans, graphs, tables, representative figures, simple examples of each topic discussed ...","Lan hau Jeremias talde industrialean garatutako jarduera azaltzen duen ikerketa teknikoa da. Agiri honek enpresa horretan egiten diren jarduera nagusietako bi aztertzen ditu. Alde batetik, galdaretarako tximinia kolektiboen ebaluazioa egiteko prozesua deskribatzen da eta, bestetik, etxeetarako aireztapen mekaniko kontrolatuaren sistema desberdinak aztertzen dira. Bi kasuetarako, bizitegi-eraikin baten azterketa egiten da adibide gisa. Lanak zorrotz jarraitzen ditu araudien adierazpenak: UNE 123001: Tximinia modularrak kalkulatu, diseinatu eta instalatzea. Barneko Airearen Kalitatearen atala,Eraikuntzaren Kode Teknikoaren Oinarrizko Osasun Dokumentuan (CTE). Galdaretarako tximinia kolektiboen azterketan puntu hauek aztertzen dira: Arauaren arabera, instalatu beharreko tximinia sistema eta materialaren hautatzea. Arauaren arabera,instalatu beharreko tximiniaren diametroaren kalkuloa. Etxeetako aireztapen mekaniko kontrolatuaren (VCM) azterketan puntu hauek aztertuko dira: VMC sistema motak. Estandarraren arabera instalatu beharreko hodien kalkuloa. Karga-galeren kalkuloa. Instalatu beharreko haizagailuaren hautatzea. Lana erraz ulertzeko,beharrezko dokumentazioaz osatzen da, hala nola: planoak, grafikoak, taulak, irudi adierazgarriak, aztertutako gai bakoitzaren adibide errazak..." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25485,1997,"The dispositions about the treatment of young offenders that have been in force in Spain have not obtained the expected effects. The need of promulgating a Regulating Law of a Justice to Minors with a view to manage their social recuperation has leaded to a Bill approved by the Council of Ministers, july 4, 1997. Bill, which general lines are exposed, centering in the substantive and procedural aspects, as well as in its general principles.","Espainian adingabeko delitugileen tratamenduari dagokionean indarrean izan diren xedapenek ez dituzte uste ziren emaitzak eskuratu. Adingabekoen Justiziari buruzko Legea egiteko beharrizana, hau da, horien gizarteratzea eskuratzearen ondoreetarako, 1997ko uztailaren 4ko Ministroen Kontseiluan onetsi den Aurreproiektuan gauzatu da. Aurreproiektu horren gidalerro orokorrak alderdi sustantibo, organiko eta auzibidezkoetan azaltzen dira, baita oinarri orokorretan ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37094,2019-12-19,The purpose of this proyect is to test diferent computer comunications bet-wen computers. The project is focused on the analysis of the security standard I.E.E.E.802.1AE and its aplication on Linux operating system. This standard allows a securecomunication betwen computers. Other technologies related with this one will be studiedas well.,"Proiektu honen helburua, ordenagailuen arteko komunikazio ezarpenezberdinak frogatzea da. I.E.E.E. 802.1AE segurtasun arauaren analisisan eta Linux sis-tema eragilerako erabileran kokatzen da proiektu hau. Beste teknologietako erabileraikertuko da.Hitz gakoak:Seguritate informatikoa, komunikazioa, kriptografia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63722,2023-06-13,"Smart contracts have had a significant impact, with millions of registrations on the Ethereum Blockchain and a significant volume of cryptocurrency transactions in Spain, which shows the reach of this technology. This paper focuses on examining the transactions carried out through Smart Contracts and their legal scope, both in the purchase and sale of crypto assets and in the counterparties through Blockchain, analyzing the need for specific regulation and considering the framework of Private International Law due to the international nature of this technology.","Smart contract-ak eragin nabarmena izan dute, milioika erregistro egin dira Ethereum-eko Blockchainean, eta kriptotxanpontransakzio ugari egin dira Espainian; horrek agerian uzten du teknologia honek eduki duen irismena. Lan honek Smart contracts-en bidez egindako transakzioak eta haien legezko edukiera aztertzen ditu, bai kripto aktiboen salerosketari dagokionez, bai Blockchain bidezko kontraprestazioei dagokienez. Halaber, behar duen erregulazioaren beharra aztertzen du, dena Nazioarteko Zuzenbide Pribatuaren esparruan, teknologia hau nazioartekoa baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51036,2021-04-16,"This Final Degree Project provides poetry thought out a proposal geared towards Early Childhood Education, in particular, to 5 year old classroom. Considering the experts knowledge in this area, poetry and game had been unified in this didactic proposal, having as main objective enjoy, learn and stimulate children interests. Furthermore, the project theoretical content would be focus on Basque Culture, explaining hereafter the information need to carry out a practice. Therefore, we would set up a way from Basque Literature, crossing over Basque Child and Youth Literature, to Children´s Poetry and game, being these latter a way to enjoy. Moreover, we would take into consideration Early Childhood Education Curriculum. In the activities, it would be outline not only the playful way, but also the relationship built up between poetry and children so that they develop their skills, turning sounds into a game.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan poesia Haur Hezkuntzan plazaratzeko proposamena aurkeztuko dugu, hain zuzen ere, 5 urteko gelan. Gaia jorratu duten egileei kasu eginda, poesia eta jolasa uztartuko dira diseinu didaktikoan, betiere helburu nagusia umeak gozatzea, ikastea eta haren interesak piztea izanda. Ildo horretatik, lanaren atal teorikoa euskal kulturan oinarritzen da, ondoren, praktikara igarotzeko ezagutu beharrekoa azalduz. Alde horretatik, Euskal Literaturatik, Euskal Haur eta Gazte Literatura zeharkatuz, Haur Poesia eta jolaserako bidea egingo dugu, azkenengo bi hauek gozatzeko bide direla kontuan izanda. Era berean, Haur Hezkuntzako Curriculuma ere kontuan hartuko dugu. Jardueretan, alderdi ludikoa gailendu ez ezik, umeek poesiarekiko harremana eraiki eta gaitasunak eskuratu ditzaten, hotsak jolas bilakatuko ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25264,2002,"The drug use related to the leisure increases and is characterized by the use of different substances mixed and by the ignorance of the possible adulteration in the illegal substances. This, together with the absence of information or the incomplete information, produces many more damages to the health than the use itself. This way, after explaning the fact of the drug use and analyzing the programs of harm and risks reduction, it is examined the testing drugs program like a strategy of prevention in this matter, centering on its objectives, legal aspects and working, as well as its starting-up in the Basque Country.","Drogen kontsumoak aisiarekin ematen dena, goruntz doa, polikontsumoa eta adulterazioarekiko dagoen ezagutza ezarengatik, eta guzti hori dagoen informazio faltarengatik edo ematen den informazio txarragatik dela esan daiteke eta guzti horrek, osasunean kalte izugarriak ekartzen ditu. Hau honela izanik, eta droga kontsumoari buruzko errealitatea azaldu ondoren eta arriskuak murrizteko dauden programak aztertu ondoren, sustantzien testa aztertzen da, drogen munduan prebentzio bezala. Horretarako bere helburuak, arlo juridikoak eta beren funtzionamendua aztertzen saiatzen dira Euskal Autonomi Erkidegoan bere jartze prozesua nolakoa den aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19601,2016-11-24,"The objective of this project is the development of an application in Java to detect license plates and get the characters of those plates to be used in different areas such as pay parking’s. We will work on images of vehicles previously taken by a camera. It is divided into three main blocks: detection of the license plate, treatment of that plate and character recognition. This optimizes the process of recognition and allows obtaining satisfactory results invariant to translation, scaling and rotation. In order to facilitate the development, we use the open source code library called OpenCV, which is based on the programming language C++ and developed for image processing obtained by artificial vision. The fact of making an application in JAVA with libraries based on C++ is a significant handicap, so that JavaCPP libraries are used since they are responsible for building a bridge between these programming languages.","Proiektu honen helburua Javan garatutako aplikazio baten bidez automobilen matrikulak detektatzea eta hauen karaktereak erauztean datza hainbat eremuetan erabiliak izateko, adibidez, ordainpeko parkingetan. Argazki-kamera baten bidez lortutako autoen irudiekin lan egingo da. Hiru bloke nagusitan banatzen da: matrikula detektatzea, matrikularen prozesamendua eta karaktereen detekzioa. Honekin azterketa prozesua hobetzen da eta emaitza egokiagoak lortzen dira, hauek translaziora, eskalara eta errotaziora inbarianteak izanda. Aplikazioaren garapena errazteko asmotan, OpenCV kode irekiko biblioteka erabiltzen da, C++ programazio-lengoaian oinarrituta dagoen eta ikusmen artifizialaren bidez irudiak prozesatzeko garatuta dagoena. C++ programazio-lengoaian oinarritutako biblioteka erabiltzea JAVAn aplikazio bat garatzeko handicap handia dakar, beraz JavaCPP biblioteka erabiltzen da lengoaia hauen artean zubia eraikitzen laguntzen baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19645,2016-11-29,"In this document we will analyse the advantages of the implementation of temperature measurement system via a pyrometer in the laser additive manufacturing processes and, this way, understand the behaviour of the pieces as a result of the high temperatures given in the process. The temperature is a decisive variable in these processes, since is because the temperature gradients given that the fusion and after solidification, in the specified geometries, of the metal powder happens. Therefore, understand the answer of the different materials to the temperature changes will allow us to be closer to optimize the additive manufacturing processes.","Dokumentu honen bitartez tenperatura neurtzeko pirometro sistema bat laserraren bidezko fabrikazio gehigarrian erabiltzeak ekartzen dituen abantailak aztertuko ditugu eta, honela, tenperatura altuen ondorioz piezak dituzten erantzuna ulertuko ditugu. Hauts metalikoaren fusioa eta ondorengo solidotze prozesua, erabakitako geometrietan, ematen dituzten tenperatura gradienteak direla medio, tenperatura aldagai erabakigarri bat da prozesu hauetan. Horregatik, tenperaturarekin material ezberdinen erantzuna ulertzeak fabrikazio gehigarriaren prozesuen optimizazioa lortzen lagunduko gaitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47026,2020-10-19,"This work consists of the analysis of a photovoltaic system connected to the grid installed in 2007 in a house in Gorliz. Once the main components that are part of this photovoltaic system have been identified and their corresponding theoretical aspects have been presented, the sizing of the system is. Related to this, the economic balance of the installation of this system over the years, and its conclusion has been analyzed. The main objective of this work is to isolate this house from the electrical network, proposing an off-grid system. To this end, the consumption requirements of this specific house have been analyzed and modifications to the current system have been proposed. The desynchronization of the consumption with the production throughout the different stations of the year being the main problem, the idea of using more photovoltaic modules to cover the necessary consumption in winter has been discarded. Therefore, a hybrid system has been chosen to cover consumption through solar and wind energy. Starting from this point, different wind generators have been analyzed, taking into account the weather conditions and wind speed of the town. After choosing a wind generator, a storage system has been proposed for the consumption requirements of the house for 4 days in winter. Several types of batteries on the market have been analyzed and those that could best meet the specifications of the hybrid system have been chosen and their connection has been justified. Related to this, the connections between the photovoltaic modules have been modified and components such as charge controllers have been added to adapt to this new storage system. Finally, a forecast and economic balance has been made of what it would mean to install this off-grid system and its corresponding savings in electricity consumption. As an alternative, it has been proposed to sell the extra produced electricity to the electricity grid, but this has been rejected because it does not generate enough income. Therefore, it has been concluded that a hybrid system totally isolated from the electricity grid is the best option.","Lan hau 2007an Gorlizko etxebizitza batean instalatutako sarera konektatutako sistema fotovoltaiko baten azterketari buruzkoa da. Sistema fotovoltaiko hori osatzen duten osagai nagusiak identifikatu eta dagozkien alderdi teorikoak aurkeztu ondoren, sistema horren dimentsionamenduaz hitz egiten da. Horrekin lotuta, sistema fotovoltaikoak instalatzeak izan duen balantze ekonomikoa eta azken ondorioa aurkeztu dira. Lan honen helburu nagusia etxebizitza hau sare elektrikotik isolatzea da. Horretarako, etxebizitza zehatz horren kontsumo-baldintzak aztertu dira, eta egungo sisteman aldaketak egitea proposatu da. Arazo nagusia kontsumoa eta ekoizpenarekin urteko urtaro ezberdinetan zehar desinkronizatuta egotea denez, baztertu egin da neguan behar den kontsumoa estaltzeko modulu fotovoltaiko gehiago erabiltzearen ideia. Horregatik, eguzki-energia eta energia eolikoaren bidez kontsumoa beteko duen sistema hibridoa aukeratu da. Puntu horretatik abiatuta, hainbat haize-sorgailu aztertu dira, herriko baldintza meteorologikoak eta haizearen abiadura kontuan hartuta. Sorgailu eoliko bat aukeratu ondoren, biltegiratze-sistema bat planteatu da, neguko 4 eguneko etxebizitzaren kontsumo-betekizunetarako. Merkatuko hainbat bateria mota aztertu dira eta sistema hibridoaren zehaztapenetara hobekien egokitzen direnak aukeratu dira, eta horien konexioa justifikatu da. Horrekin lotuta, aldatu egin dira modulu fotovoltaikoen arteko konexioak eta osagai berriak gehitu dira, hala nola, karga-erreguladoreak, biltegiratze-sistema berri horretara egokitzeko. Azkenik, saretik askatzeko sistema hibridoaren instalazioaren aurreikuspen eta balantze ekonomiko bat egin da, faktura elektrikoak aurreztea kontutan hartuta. Alternatiba gisa, sortutako soberakina sare elektrikoari saltzea proposatu da, baina baztertu egin da diru-sarrera nahikorik ez sortzeagatik. Horregatik, sare elektrikotik erabat isolatuta dagoen sistema hibrido bat aukerarik onena dela ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25107,2005,The aim of this contribution is to present a conceptualization of normalization and other terms that are present in the debate on the policies over drugs as a social phenomenon. The author revises the present legislation on cannabis and tries to concretize what is the normalization of cannabis and what should be done at a legal level in order to assure a consistency of this legislation with the principles of a Social and Democratic State.,"Gaur egungo drogen gaineko politiken gizarte eztabaidan dauden zenbait kontzepturi buruzko kontzeptualizazio terminologikoa egiten da lan honetan; hala nola, normalizazioa eta beste batzu. Kannabisari buruzko egungo legeriaren gaineko hausnarketa egiten da eta kannabisaren normalizazioa zertan den eta zein urrats eman behar diren lege munduan legeria koherentea edukitzeko zehazten da, zuzenbidezko gizarte estatu demokratikoaren printzipioei jarraituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14375,2015-02-09,"This project consists on an economic study of the sites for a wave energy park in the Basque Country that present better potential for harvesting the wave energy. The two sites of the Basque coast with better wave resource will be selected and a study of the profitability of the park in those sites will be carried on. Moreover, those facts with more influence in the profitability of the park will be analyzed, in order to compare both sites and select the one which more advantages present.","Proiektu honen helburua Euskal Herriko kostaldean kokatuko litzatekeen olatu energiaz baliatzen den energia-parke baten analisi ekonomikoa egitea da. Olatuen energiaren baliabide onuragarrienak aurkezten dituzten bi kokapen esanguratsuenak aukeratuko dira eta parkea kokapen horietan eginez gero izango luketen errentagarritasuna kalkulatuko da. Era berean, parkearen errentagarritasunean eragin handiena duten faktoreen azterketa egingo da, bi kokapenen konparaketa eginez eta era berean abantaila handienak aurkezten dituen kokapena aukeratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25484,1997,"In the judicial procedure, the technical aid to the judge to achieve an integral cosmovision of the criminal fact, its protagonists and the way to redress the injury, supposes an implicit call to the criminological expert. An adequate imbrication of him in the judicial field requires a reform in three levels: substantive, procedural and judicial. Pointed out the need of this global change, a study of the criminologists function is made in the light of the normative in force, in the field of the substantive Law as well as in the bosom of the procedural Law.","Prozesuan epaileari ekintza kriminalaren, horren protagonisten eta eragin den kaltea lehengoratzearen mundu-ikuskera integrala emateko laguntza teknikoa kriminologiazko adituari egiten zaion dei inplizitoa da. Aditu hori esparru judizialean era egokian murgiltzeak hiru maila dituen aldaketa behar du: materiala, auzibidezkoa eta judiziala. Aldaketa orokor hori beharrezkoa dela adierazi ondoren, indarreko legeriaren araberako kriminologoaren betebeharraren azterketa egin da, hala zuzenbide materialaren esparruan nola Auzibidezko Zuzenbidearen barruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50177,2021-02-12,"The characteristics of child protection resources with the vulnerable situation of MENAs could favour the appearance of Burnout Syndrome among social education professionals working in this field. This quantitative study seeks to know its prevalence and does so through the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The results showed a significant risk of Burnout in the work activity, which brings a decrease in the capacity and quality of response of resources and compromises the welfare of educators and children. This poses a responsibility of knowing in depth the syndrome to promote an early detection.","Adingabekoak babesteko baliabideen ezaugarriei, MENA-k duten egoera ahula gehitzen badiogu, Burnout Sindromearen agerpenean lagundu dezake gizarte-hezkuntzaren eremuan lan egiten duten profesionalen artean. Ikerketa kuantitatibo honek Burnout Sindromearen prebalentzia ezagutzea bilatzen du Maslach Burnout Inventory-aren bitartez. Ikerketaren emaitzek lan eremu honetan Burnout jasateko arriskua handia dela adierazten dute, baliabideen erantzunen kalitatea eta gaitasunak murriztuz, hezitzaileen eta adingabeen ongizatea arriskatzen duena. Azaldutakoak sindromea sakonki ezagutzearen ardura planteatzen du antzemate goiztiarrari mesede egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16523,2015-12-18,"The principal objective of this project is to develop the library in Matlab-Simulink corresponding to an OBD (On Board Diagnostic system) for electric vehicles. It is intended to check the correct operation of the library running the software in real time with a PLC provided by Tecnalia, making communication between PLC and PC by CAN bus. In this context, the implementation of the project will follow the methodology V cycle in software with the following main phases: Development of communications in Simulink (Platform PC). Software Implementation in fast prototyping platforms (DSpace). Validation and testing. Final implementation in DSP.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia ibilgailu elektrikoarentzako OBD (on-board diagnostiko sistema) bati dagokion Matlab-Simulink liburutegi bat garatzea da. Honekin, liburutegiaren funtzionamendu egokia egiaztatu nahi da horretarako Tecnaliak emandako PLC baten bitartez softwarea denbora errealean exekutatuz, CAN bus bidez PLC eta PC arteko komunikazioa eginez. Testuinguru horretan, proiektua martxan jartzeko jarraituko den metodologia V ziklo softwarea izango da hurrego fase nagusiekin: Komunikazioen garapena Simulink-en (PC plataforma). Softwarearen ezartzea protitapaketa azkarreko plataformetan (DSpace). Baieztaketa eta azterketa. DSPn azken ezarpena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14318,2015-02-02,"The main purpose of this end-of-degree work is to contribute to the development of a research project, by including a pneumatic grip system to the 5R parallel kinematic mechanism. The stated project is part of a research line that concerns the study and development of this kind of mechanisms; in other words, apart from the utility it might have by itself, this work is conceived with the intention of being part of a project of bigger magnitude. In order for this project to achieve success, close collaboration amongst researchers and the sharing of their work and discoveries will be essential. This Work consists on designing, manufacturing and controlling the pneumatic grip system of the 5R. After considering all the possible alternatives, and taking into account the limitations imposed by the 5R, the correct components will be chosen so that the system will be able to perform its two intended functions: - Pick up objects - Move along the z axis to displace objects. Before the assembly of the pneumatic system, it is necessary to manufacture the linking pieces between the system and the robot, and between the pneumatic components themselves. Furthermore, a controlling program will be developed. To conclude the work and validate the system’s suitability relevant tests will be carried out.","Ondoren aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lana Ingeniaritza Mekanikako Departamentuan burutzen ari den ikerketa lerro batekin batera garatzen da. Bere helburua zinematika paraleloko 5R errobotaren amaierako tresna inplementatzea da. Horrela, Lan hau proiektu handiago baten zati bat baino ez da, eta bere helburua ondo betetzeko, nahitaezkoa da ikertzaile guztien arteko lankidetza. Lanak 5R errobotaren amaierako sistema pneumatikoa diseinatu, fabrikatu eta kontrolatzean datza. Diseinua aukeratzeko hautabide guztiak aztertuko dira, 5Rak inposatutako mugak ahaztu gabe, bere bi helburuak betetzeko gai izatearren: - Objektuak hartu - Z ardatzean mugitu objektuak lekuz aldatzeko Sistema pneumatikoa ezarri baino lehen, hau errobotan kokatzeko eta bere osagaiak haien artean batzeko beharrezkoak diren piezak fabrikatuko dira. Ondoren, sistema osoa kontrolatzea ahalbidetzen duen programa informatikoa egingo da. Amaitzeko, ondo darabiltzan a la ez egiaztatzeko froga egokiak burutuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36826,2019-12-12,"The SATEC off-site branch office in Bilbao is in need of a bettercorporative network infrastructure. Its poor bandwidthand huge latencies are giving a hard time to its employees. Since they moved in to this office in 2017, due to budget issues, the design and deployment for the new network was never achieved, so they were stuck with an inefficient temporary one.The objective is to make a deep analysis of the current situation, detect the reasons for the poor connectivity and propose a new design to achieve the necessary conditions for a rightful quality of the services available at the site.Through this proposal, there is an intention of designing an off-site branch prototype reference for the rest of the networks.","Sukurtsala Bilbon duen SATEC enpresak sare korporatiboko azpiegitura hobetu behar du. Langileek arazo asko dituzte abiadura motelaeta mezu atzerapenakdirela eta. 2017an bulego honetara mugitu zirenetik, sare berriaren diseinua egitekobeharrezkoak zirenbaliabideen ezaren ondoriozbulegoak sare ez eraginkor bat du.Lan honen helburua azterketa sakon bat egitea da sarearen errendimendu baxuarenarrazoiak bilatzeko. Azterketa egin ostean, sukurtsaleko langileei kalitate duineko zerbitzua eskaintzen duendiseinu bat proposatuko da. Proposamena sareko gainontzeko sukurtsalentzat erreferentziakoaizatea espero da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58411,2022-06-12,"Due to the way in which society itself functions and structures, through the course of history people with disabilities have been sidelined to a status of exclusion where their rights and freedoms have been limited. This cojuncture can be well appreciated in the labor sphere checking out the Iow rates of engagement people with disabilities have in the labor market. However, many steps have been taken trying to combat this inequality by means of law and public action since supranational organisations and states themselves became aware of it. Using many different economic aids to promote the hiring of people with disabilities stands out in the private sector of the labor sphere among the wicle variety of measures applied trying to fight the aforementioned inequality. Although it is worth studying the justification and the effectiveness these measures have had up until now to elucidate if the approach has been accurate.","Historian zehar, gizartea antolatu eta funtzionatzen duen modua dela eta, desgaitasunak dituzten pertsonak aldebateratuta egon dira eta beren eskubide eta askatasunak murriztu izan dira. Lan eremuan desgaitasunak dituzten pertsonen parte-hartze eta enplegu-tasei begiratuz abagune hau hauteman daiteke. Hala ere, nazioz gaindiko erakundeak eta nazioak berak ohartu zirenetik, gizartea egoeraz jabetzen joan da. Horrenbestez, pixkanaka eta etengabe neurriak hartuz, desberdintasun egoera honi aurre egiten saiatu da gizarte-ekintza eta esparru harauemaileetatika Erabilitako neurrien artean hainbat pizgarri-ekonomikoren erabilpena azpimarratu daiteke. Hauen bitartez desgaitasun egoeran dauden pertsonen kontratazioa langintza pribatuan sustatzen saiatu da. Alabaina, pena merezi du pizgarri hauen eraginkortasunaz eta justifikazioaz hausnartzea. Hauen ikuspegia egokia izan den ala ez argitzen saiatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37116,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the microcontrollers are getting a lot of importance today; there are numerous ways to make programs that have been developed, from low-level languages to high-level languages. The higher the level, the more complex they will be. A simple classification, for example would be the following: Machine language, assembler, c language and graphic environment. With the diffusion of microcontrollers, it has been possible to develop new graphic programming environments, such as Matlab or Labview. Modeling can be made with these programs, specifically control modeling. These environments facilitate programming. In this project we are going to develop a PID control to control the height of a ball with a fan. In order to make this happen two things are going to be checked, on the one hand the Matlab and Arduino environments, to see the differences between one and the other, on the other hand the signal capture modes will be checked in Matlab to understand the differences of using the predefined blocks in Matlab or using the s-function block.","Laburpena: gaur egun, mikrokontrolagailuek hartzen ari diren garrantziarekin, hainbat era garatu egin dira programak sortzeko, maila baxuko lengoaietatik, maila altukoetara. Gero eta konplexuagoak izaten diren heinean, gero eta maila altuago bat edukiko dute sailkapen simple bat eginez, adibidez hurrengoak daude: makina lengoaia, mihiztadura lengoaia, c lengoaia eta ingurune bisuala. Eman den mikrokontrolagailuen zabalkuntza programazio ingurune bisualak garatzea erakarri du, hainbat programazio ingurune bisual berri garatu egin dira, adibidez, Matlab eta Labview. Programa horiekin modelaketa egiten da, hain zuzen kontrol automatikoaren modelaketa. Programazio ingurune horiek, programazioa errazten dute. Proiektu honetan, PID kontrol bat garatuko da, pilota baten altuera haizagailu baten bitartez kontrolatzeko, horretarako bi gauza aztertuko dira, Matlab eta Arduino inguruneak ezberdintasunak ikusteko alde batetik, eta beste alde batetik, Matlab –en sentsorearen seinalea eskuratzeko aurretik zehaztutako blokeak erabiltzearen eta s-function blokea erabiltzearen ezberdintasunak ulertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67775,2024-05-08,"The aim of this work is to explore oral corrections, specifically the treatment of pronunciation errors, using two different types of corrective feedback, recast and prompts (in the form of repetitions), and evaluating to what extent the type of correction context affected students' beliefs. In order to work on Goal 3 of UNESCO's Agenda 2030 in the Primary EFL classroom, an intervention was designed and implemented for the 4th year of Primary Education in a public school, using oral communication and two correction strategies as a basis. Although the results are not fully consistent, there is a tendency in the students' responses to show a positive attitude towards the correction of their pronunciation errors.","Lan honen helburua ahozko zuzenketak aztertzea da, zehazki ahoskera-akatsaren tratamendua, bi feedback zuzentzaile mota erabiliz: barregitea eta prompt-ak (errepikapen moduan), eta zuzenketa-testuinguruak ikasleen sinesmenetan zer neurritan eragiten zuen ebaluatuz. UNESCOren 2030 Agendaren 3. helburua Lehen Hezkuntzako Lanbide Heziketako ikasgelan lantzeko, Lehen Hezkuntzako 4. mailarako esku-hartze bat diseinatu eta ezarri zen, ahozko komunikazioa eta bi zuzenketa-mota oinarri hartuta. Emaitzak sendoak ez diren arren, ikasleek beren ahoskera-akatsak zuzentzeko jarrera positiboa erakusteko joera dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67740,2024-05-08,"This Final Degree Project presents an innovation proposal whose main objective was to create a Game Library and its resources and implement it in the classroom to improve motivation and favour the development of the areas of vocabulary, grammar and oral communication in the foreign language competence, aimed at a group of students in the fourth year of primary education. The Game Library was designed, created, implemented and evaluated during the internship period, through the use of several technological applications and evaluating the games by means of two evaluation scales, which indicated that the innovation created was beneficial for the students, thus demonstrating its relevance.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek berrikuntza-proposamen bat aurkezten du. Honen helburu nagusia Jokoteka eta bere baliabideak sortzea eta ikasgelan abian jartzea izan zen, atzerriko hizkuntzaren gaitasunean hiztegia, gramatika eta ahozko komunikazioaren arloen garapena eta motibazioa hobetzeko, Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren mailako ikasle talde bati zuzenduta. Jokoteka praktika-aldian zehar diseinatu, sortu, abian jarri eta ebaluatu zen, zenbait aplikazio teknologiko erabiliz eta jokoak bi ebaluazio-eskalen bidez ebaluatuz. Eskala horien arabera, sortutako berrikuntza ikasleentzat onuragarria izan zela frogatu zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16451,2015-12-14,"The aim of this proyect is to analize the energetical and economical viability of a fuel cell stack instalation, used as a cogeneration machine, in an unifamiliar house in the city of Madrid. At the same time, it´s made a comparation between this tecnology and an instalation of a condensation boiler combined with the electrical grid.","Lan honen helburua, Madrilgo familia etxebizitza unifamiliar batean erregai pila baten instalazioaren bideragarritasun energetiko eta ekonomikoa aztertzea da. Aldi berean, instalazio hori guztiz garatuta dagoen beste teknologia batekin alderatu nahi da, alegia, kondentsazio galdara eta sare elektrikoaren konbinaketarekin konparatu nahi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18860,2016-09-09,"The objective of this project is to measure the effectiveness of a system based on NIRS (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy), a non-invasive technique, to assess the physiological state of a patient by measuring the patient’s heart rate and respiratory rate. PPG (Photoplethysmogram) is the most widespread technique to measure oxygenation, primarily at the patient’s finger. However, in emergency situations, the cardiovascular system gives preference to the vital organs, that is the heart and brain. Monitoring the brain’s oxygenation is a reliable way to verify that these two organs are supplied by a continuous oxygen flow. It has been recently shown that NIRS can provide promising future results in this area. That is why in some medical scenarios PPG has been recently replaced by NIRS, which is nowadays used in many medical applications, such as cardiovascular surgery or monitoring during general anesthesia. If NIRS, besides brain oxygenation, was able to measure other physiological parameters (heart and respiratory rate), facilitating many medical scenes, the monitoring of many vital constants could be carried out with a single device. To verify that this type of device is realizable, it will be necessary to validate that NIRS signals are able to provide information about heart and respiratory rates, which is just the primary objective of this work. In order to achieve this objective, other secondary objectives are proposed: first, a database containing NIRS signals and the signals needed to monitor the actual heart and respiratory rates will be created. To complete this database a synchronous system to acquire these signals will be developed too. Finally, signal processing algorithms will be created in order to evaluate the effectiveness of NIRS signals to monitor the heart and respitatory rates.","Lan honen helburua, burmuineko oxigeno maila neurtzeko NIRS (Near Infrarred Spectroscopy) teknika ez-inbaditzaileaz baliatzen den sistema baten eraginkortasuna neurtzea da, pazientearen parametro fisiologikoak diren bihotz eta arnasketa maiztasunak neurtzerako orduan. Orain arte, pazientearen oxigenazioaren monitorizazioa gauzatzea beharrezkoa den egoeratan, atzamarreko oxigenazio maila neurtzea ahalbidetzen duen PPG (Photoplethysmogram) teknika erabili da. Emergentzia egoeratan, ordea, sistema kardiobaskularrak bizi irauteko nahitaezkoak diren organoei ematen die lehentasuna, garuna eta bihotzari, alegia. Bi organo hauek oxigeno jario jarraituaz hornituak direla egiaztatzeko, ezinbestekoa izango da burmuineko oxigenazio maila neurtzea eta berriki frogatu da NIRS teknikak esparru honetan etorkizun handiko emaitzak eskaini ditzakeela. Hau dela eta, azken urteotan, NIRS teknikak lekua hartu dio orain arte agertoki mediku gehienetan erabilitako PPG teknikari, gaur egun teknika hau aplikazio ugaritan erabiltzen hasia delarik, adibidez kirurgia kardiobaskularraren monitorizazioa edo anestesia orokorraren bitarteko monitorizazioa. NIRS teknikak, garuneko oxigenazio mailaz aparte, pazientearen beste hainbat parametro fisiologikoren neurketa ahalbidetuko balu (arnasketa eta bihotz maiztasuna), agertoki mediku asko erraztuko lituzke, gailu bakar batekin pazientearen bizi-konstante anitzen monitorizazio eramango baitzen aurrera. Tresna hau egingarria dela egiaztatzeko, lehenik eta behin, NIRS seinalea bizi-konstante hauen berri emateko gai dela balioetsi behar da eta hauxe da, hain zuzen, proiektu honen xede nagusia. Azken helburu hau lortzeko, hainbat azpi-helburu proposatzen dira hemen aurkeztuko den proiektuan: lehenik eta behin, NIRS seinaleak eta bizi konstante hauek era fidagarrian lortzea ahalbidetzen duten seinaleak biltegiratzen dituen datu base bat sortuko da. Datu base hau osatzeko, aurreko seinale guztiak aldi berean eskuratuko dituen neurketa sistema sinkrono bat sortzea ezinbestekoa izango da eta azkenik, NIRS seinaleen eraginkortasuna ebaluatzeko, seinaleen prozesaketan oinarritutako hainbat algoritmo garatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24770,2015,"This article aims to analyse commercial relations between Álava and Navarra between the centuries of Late Middle Ages and the first half of the 16th century. Despite the political vicissitudes suffered by both territories, in 1199 and 1512, commercial relations did not come to an end, but rather they were consolidated and strengthened. This commerce was strategic for both territories, since it allowed for the meeting of demand for products in which each of them was deficient. Said commerce benefited all layers of society, however, it also served as a cover for intense smuggling and illegal commerce. Those fraudulent activities took place in the heat of an elaborate discourse which justified the privileged situation of the border territories, always under the threat that if such privileges did not exist, the royal incomes would be affected.","Berant Erdi Aroko mendeetatik XVI. mendeko lehen erdialdera bitarte Arabaren eta Nafarroaren artean izan ziren merkataritza-harremanak aztertu nahi ditugu artikulu honetan. Bi lurraldeetan gorabehera politikoak izan ziren, 1199an eta 1512an batez ere, baina hala eta guztiz ere merkataritza-harremanak ez ziren itzali; alderantziz, sendotu eta indartu egin ziren. Merkataritza estrategikoa zen bi lurraldeentzat, bata produktu baten faltan zegoenean bestea eskariari erantzuteko moduan zegoelako. Merkataritza hori gizarte osoarentzat izan zen onuragarri, baina nolanahi ere legez kontrako merkataritza eta kontrabando handia estaltzeko ere izan zen baliagarri. Ongi taxututako arrazoibide batek babesa eman zien iruzurrezko jarduera horiei. Horren arabera, lurralde mugakideen egoera ezin hobea babestu beharra zegoen, bestela, pribilejiorik ezean, errege-errentak kaltetuta geratuko liratekeelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23198,2017-07,"The ADM group of the Faculty of Engineering of the University of the Basque Country is involved in a line of research focused on slewing bearings. The project described hereunder, whose aim is to determine the geometry of the races of those bearings experimentally, is closely related to a PhD thesis that is being completed by a member of that group. In order to achieve the goal of this project, measured data from a set of manufactured bearings have been analyzed, organized and postprocessed. The software program developed calculates a circumference shaped quadratic approximation by means of optimization functions, providing as an output the radius of the approximated circumference and the coordinates of its center. After evaluating the measuring procedure, a technical report has been completed.","Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko departamenduko ADM taldeak ikerkuntza lerro bat du iraultze errodamenduen inguruan. Jarraian aurkeztuko den proiektua talde honetan egindako doktorego-tesi batekin harreman zuzena duen lana da, eta helburutzat errodamenduen pisten geometria esperimentalki zehaztea du. Honetarako, aldez aurretik fabrikatutako zenbait errodamenduren pisten neurketetatik jasotako datuak interpretatu, antolatu eta postprozesatu egin dira. Hau aurrera eramateko sortu den programan pisten zirkunferentzia itxurako hurbilpen kuadratiko bat egin da optimizazio funtzioen bidez, hurbilpenaren zentroaren koordenatuak eta erradioa proiektuaren emaitzak izanik. Azkenik, neurketa prozedura ebaluatu eta txosten tekniko bat egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/4342,2011-08,"This article addresses the way the media globalization is challenging the national communication spaces, and therefore some of the most important resources that states have used while attempting to build the nation. Cultural spaces, public spheres and shared identities, all on a national basis, they seem to be overcome by the access and use of media beyond the state borders. This makes the debate on multicultural societies, and on the ways to manage this diversity ,to be more relevant than ever. We should not forget, however, that media globalization has not erased the previous trends of cultural hegemony by some actors and models on a global level; it simply has become that quite more complex.","Artikulu honetan medioen globalizazioa komunikazio eremu nazionalak kolokan jartzen ari direla defendatzen dugu. Eta horrekin batera, estatuek beren inguruan nazioa eratzeko izan duten tresnarik garrantzitsuenetako batzuk. Kultur espazioak, eremu publikoak eta partekatutako nortasunak, denak nazioan oinarrituak, gaindituta geratzen hasten dira estatuaren mugaz haratagoko medioen hedapen eta erabileraren ondorioz. Honen eraginez, jendarte kulturanitzei eta aniztasuna kudeatzeko moduei buruzko eztabaida lehen mailara dator. Beti ere ahaztu gabe medioen globalizazioak ez dituela lehengo joerak ezabatu, alegia, eragile eta eredu hegemoniko batzuen planeta mailako nagusitasuna.Berau ezabatu barik, konplexuago bihurtu du globalizazioak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25019,2006,"A significant portion of young people share some common characteristics beyond geographic, social, religious and gender frontiers. While enjoying high levels of personal freedom, they are submitted to extreme forms of social control. After a brief review of the criminal responsibility of Minors, youth criminal behaviour is analysed through different approaches to criminality conceptions, trying to come close to the reality of the problem.","Gazteen parte esanguratsu batek, muga geografiko, sozial, erlijioso eta generoen gainetik haratago dauden bereizgarri batzu konpartitzen ditu. Askatasun pertsonal handia eduki arren, era berean muturreko gizarte kontrol forma berriak pairatzen dituzte. Adingabeen erantzukizun penalaren gainekoa berrikusi eta gero, gazteen delituzko jokabideak aztertzen dira, horretarako kriminalitatearen gaineko ikusmoldeak kontutan izanda, era honetan arazoaren errealitatea hausnartzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20506,2008,"The first edition of Axular’s ""Gero"" was printed by Guillaume Milanges in Bordeaux in 1643. As so often used to happen, the editors attempted to rectify some of the mistakes in the edition with handwritten corrections. However, not all of the copies published were corrected and the style of correction differed among those which actually were. This means we can verify with some ease that most of the copies still preserved were non-corrected books, no small number of which were then corrected at later dates. The present article aims to identify the corrections made and, at the same time, isolate those which can be claimed original. The criteria used to categorise the versions is mainly based on those copies with handwritten corrections (i.e.the Pau copy, in the Azkue library, and one of the two copies kept in the Centro Cultural K. M.), and, although the hundreds of new mistakes which it contains may at first suggest to the contrary, on what is considered the second edition (""Gueroko guero""), almost all of the handwritten corrections to the first edition appearing in print. The list of corrections written in the Milanges edition is also provided.","Axularren ""Gero"" liburua Bordeleko Guillaume Milangesen irarkolan argitaratu zen lehen aldiz 1643an. Askotan gertatu legez, edizio hartan suertatu ziren hainbat akats eskuz idatzitako zuzenketekin konpontzen saiatu ziren argitaratzaileak. Halere, ez ziren zuzendu kaleratutako ale guztiak, eta zuzendu zirenak ere ez ziren beti era berdinean utzi. Ildo horretatik, erraz egiazta daiteke egunotara iritsi diren aleen artean zuzendu gabeak direla gehienak, haietako ez gutxi beranduago egindako zuzenketen jasale ere bilakatu direlarik. Hemen aurkezten den artikulua zuzenketen arteko bereizketa egiten ahalegindu da eta, aldi berean, jatorrizko zuzenketak diruditenak finkatzen. Horretarako erabili irizpide konparatiboa eskuzko zuzenketak dituzten aleetan oinarritu da nagusiki, hots, Paueko alean, Azkue liburutegikoan eta K. M. Kulturuneko bi aleetako batean, eta, printzipioz espero izateko ez bazen ere –ehundaka kontatzen baitira daramatzan akats berriak–, bigarren ediziotzat hartzen den ""Gueroko guero"" delakoan ere, lehenean agertu ia eskuzko zuzenketa guztiak eraman baitziren argitaraldi berriko orrialdeetara. Milangesenean eskuz egindako zuzenketen zerrenda eskaintzen da amaieran." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25622,1993,"Starting from an explanation of the fundamental aim and objectives of the voluntary service, it is analysed his intervention at different fields, to come to sorne valid conclusions about the real sense of the volunteers labour.","Bolondresgoaren oinarrizko xede eta helburuen azalpen batetik abiatuz, geroxeago sail ezberdinetan haren egintza aztertu egiten da eta, azkenik, borondatezkoen lanaren egiazko sentzuari buruzko ondoreak egiten dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23066,2017-09,"This document has the aim of improving the fabrication process through plastic injection. As such, the feasibility of being able to check the density, temperature and pressure of the item at each stage of the process has been studied. The project has consisted in preparing the necessary technology for testing through ultrasounds for their ultimate use during the fabrication process. In order to be able to carry out the research, it has been necessary to conduct a number of tests at the “Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao” (Bilbao’s Technical School of Engineers); however, the final test was performed at a facility dedicated to the research, technological development and innovation of Polymer and Food Technology, Leartiker, situated in the municipality of Markina.","Dokumentu honen helburua plastikozko injekzioaren fabrikazio prozesua hobetzea da. Horretarako fabrikazioaren momentu bakoitzean dentsitatea, tenperatura eta presioa neurtzea bideragarria den ala ez frogatu egin da. Proiektu honetan ultrasoinuei esker egindako froga desberdinak burutu dira fabrikazio osoan zehar. Guzti hau burutu ahal izateko, froga ugari egin dira, bai ETSIn, “Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao”, bai Leartiken, Markinan. Bertan azken frogak egin dira, unibertsitatean lortutako diseinu hoberenarekin, Leartiker, ikerketa teknologikoan oinarritzen da, zehazki, polimeroen teknologian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29769,2017-06-19,"This paper shows the realization of a forensic criminological report in the field of criminal justice. Also, the paper explains some criminological areas and theories. It shows the characteristics of forensic reports and some forensic criminological reports services are presented. Finally one criminal case is explained to prepare a criminological report, specifically, the report aims to assess whether the case meets the criteria to transfer the case to mediation services.","Lan honek zigor-justizian egin ahal den auzitegiko txosten kriminologikoari buruzkoa da. Honetaz gain, kriminologiaren zenbait arlo eta teoriak azaltzen dira. Ondoren, auzitegiko txostenen ezaugarriak adierazten dira, honekin batera, auzitegi txosten kriminologikoaren zenbait zerbitzuak zerrendatzen dira. Bukatzeko, auzitegiko kasu bat aurkezten da txosten bat egiteko. Txosten honen helburua, epaitegira heltzen den gatazka, bitartekaritza zerbitzura bideratzeko baldintzak betetzen diren aztertzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26277,1989,The origin and activities of the Office for Help to Victims of Crimes in Valencia and its progress during these three years are described.,"Valentziako ""Oficina de Ayuda a las Víctimas"" delakoaren jatorria, ekintzak eta lehen hiru urtetan lortu diren aurrerapenak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37161,2019-12-20,"In the present work, the study of the operation of a plant for energy recovery of the sludge from a WWTP will be carried out. This type of facility consists of a boiler, where the waste to be valorizatedis burned; a turbine, a generator, a condenser, a degasser and a pump. To begin with, the operation and basic processes that take place in a WWTP until getting the sludge to be valued, will be studied. The different alternatives that can be found for this waste will also be analyzed. Once the alternative that is going to be carried out (incineration) has been chosen, each of the basic elements of the recovery plant will be explained. Furthermore, a sizing of the plant will be carried out taking into account the characteristics of the waste, the operation data and data given by the manufacturers of the equipment. From this dimensioning, the most relevant data of the plant will be obtained, such as the mass flow rates required for the operation of the plant or the power that will be obtained annually. Once the characteristic data of the plant is obtained, an economic study will be carried out that will be based on calculating the price of each one of the necessary elements, the expenses that are given throughout the useful life of the facility, the annual income that will be obtained and the simple return time. In addition, a schedule will be made in which the main necessary tasks to carry out the project and the time required for each of them will be described. Finally, the conclusions obtained afterdoing this work will be explained.","Lan honetan, HUA (Hondakin Uren Araztegia) baten lokatzaren energia berreskuratzeko planta baten funtzionamendua aztertuko da. Instalazio mota honen elementuak honako hauek dira: galdara (berreskuratu beharrekohondakinak erretzen diran lekua); turbina, sorgailua, kondentsadorea, gasgabetzaileaeta ponpa. Lanarekin hasteko, HUAbaten funtzionamendua eta bertangertatzendiren oinarrizko prozesuak lohiak lortzeko ikertuko dira. Hondakin honetarako dauden alternatibakere aztertuko dira. Gauzatukoden alternatibak aukeratutakoan(errausketa), aipatutako berreskuratze plantako oinarrizko elementu guztiak azalduko dira. Bestalde, instalazioarenneurriak ezarriko dira; hondakinen ezaugarriak, funtzionamenduaren datuak eta erabili beharreko ekipamendu fabrikatzaileak emandako datuak kontuan hartuta. Egindako kalkuluekin, instalazioarendatu garrantzitsuenak lortuko dira, hala nola, instalazioarenfuntzionamendurako beharreko masa-fluxuak edo urtero lortuko den energia.Instalazioaren datu bereizgarriak lortzen direnean, azterketa ekonomiko bat egingo da:beharrezko elementu bakoitzaren prezioa kalkulatuz eta horien erabilgarritasunean zehar ematen diren gastuakkontuan hartzen; urteko diru-sarrerak lortuko dira eta hasierako inbertsioaren itzulera-denbora sinpleaere. Horrez gain, proiektua burutzeko beharrezkoak diren zeregin nagusiak eta horietako bakoitzak behar dituen denbora deskribatuko dira. Azkenean, lan hau burutu ondoren lortutako ondorioak aipatuko dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14802,2015-03-30,"For a good development of elastic optical networks, the design of flexible optical switching nodes is required. This work analyses the previously proposed flexible architectures and, based on the most appropriate, which is the Architecture on Demand (AoD), proposes a specific configuration of the node that includes spatial and spectral switching and the wavelength conversion functionality with a low blocking probability and the minimum amount of modules; the characteristics of the traffic that the designed node is able to cope with are specified in the last chapter. An evaluation of the designed node is also done, and, compared to the other architectures, it is shown that the Architecture on Demand gives better results than others and that it has a higher potential for future developments.","Sare optiko elastikoen garapen egokia eman dadin, beharrezkoa da kommutazio nodo optiko malguen diseinua. Lan honek aurrez proposatu diren arkitektura malguak aztertzen ditu eta, egokienean oinarrituz, hau da, eskarien menpeko arkitekturan (AoD), leku eta espektro kommutazioa eta uhin luzera bihurketa funtzionalitatea biltzen dituen nodoaren konfigurazio bat proposatzen da, blokeatzeko probabilitate baxuarekin eta gutxieneko modulu kantitatearekin; diseinatutako nodoak aurre egin diezaioken trafikoaren ezaugarriak bukaeran zehazten dira. Diseinatutako nodoaren ebaluazioa ere egiten da, eta, beste arkitekturekin konparatuz, eskarien menpeko arkitekturak emaitza hobeak ematen dituela eta etorkizuneko garapenetarako potentzial handiagoa duela erakusten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27818,2018-06-29,"This Master’s degree final project is part of the CbLino project, supported by the Sustainability Department of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). New biomaterial composites were developed and manufactured. A resin from natural resources (SUPER SAP ®) was reinforced by a bidirectional flax and oak wood laminates. Normalized tensile and three-point bending tests were carried out and it was observed that the oak wood laminates in the outer layers give a great aesthetic finish and the tensile stiffness increases 2% compared to the Flax reinforced biocomposite. Regarding the results of three-point bending, the oak laminates in the core provide a greater flexure breaking strength, which now is a 10% higher than the flax reinforced biocomposite. The SEM micrographs show an idea of the good fiber and matrix adhesion. Finally, both finite element analysis and a real wind tunnel test have mechanically validated the use of the developed biomaterials in the manufacture of blades for mini-wind turbines.","Master amaierarako lan hau CBLino izeneko proiektutik sortu zen. Proiektua UPV/EHUko Iraunkortasunaren arloko zuzendaritzak diru-laguntza eman zuen. Bio-material konposatu berriak landu ziren eta horretarako, SUPERSAP® izeneko erretxina naturala bai liho zuntzez, bai haritzez indartu zen.Trakzio nahiz flexio saiakuntzak burutu ziren. Haritz-xaflek kanpoko geruzetan piezaren akabera bikaina ematen dute eta gainera, zurruntasuna %2 gehitzen da lihozko biomaterialekin konparatuta. Flexio emaitzei dagokienez, haritz-xaflek erdigunean apurtzeko erresistentzia handitzen dute, %10a hain zuzen. Mikroskopio elektronikoekin hartutako irudiek zuntza eta erretxinaren arteko atxikidura egokia nabarmentzen dute. Bukatzeko, elementu finituen bidezko simulazioan zein benetako haize-tunel batean mekanikoki frogatu ziren biomaterialak. Aerosorgailu txikien besoak ekoizteko egokiak direla ondorioztatzen zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73626,2025-06-04,"The use of artificial intelligence powered biometric systems can result very useful in a great range of areas, and the criminal field is no exception. However, the regulations applicable to the use of these technologies must be strictly complied, since their use involves the processing of a special category of personal data: biometric data. With regard to this, it will be necessary to analyse the existing rules on fundamental rights, personal data protection and artificial intelligence. Particularly, facial recognition based on artificial intelligence enables to identify and authenticate people, and even to categorise them or recognise their emotions. Therefore, its use during the criminal investigation may be useful as to the effectiveness of police and judicial proceedings, aiming to be valid as evidence at a later stage. However, in addition to the risks related to the accuracy of the technology and the quality of data, their use in criminal proceedings has implications for fundamental rights and procedural guarantees, especially the right to the protection of personal data, the right to equality and non-discrimination, and the right to an effective judicial protection.","Adimen artifiziala duten sistema biometrikoak erabiltzea oso erabilgarria izan daiteke askotariko eremuetan, eta zigor-arloa ez da salbuespena. Hala ere, zorrotz bete behar da teknologia horien erabilerari aplikatu beharreko araudia, honek berarekin baitakar datu pertsonalen kategoria berezi bat tratatzea: datu biometrikoak. Honi dagokionez, oinarrizko eskubideei, datu pertsonalen babesari eta adimen artifizialari buruz indarrean dagoen araudia aztertu beharko da. Zehazki, adimen artifizialean oinarritutako aurpegiak ezagutzeko sistemak pertsona fisikoak identifikatzea eta autentifikatzea ahalbidetzen du, baita haiek kategorizatzea edo haien emozioak ezagutzea ere. Hori dela eta, ikerketa penalaren fasean erabiltzea baliagarria izan daiteke jarduketa polizial eta jurisdikzionalen eraginkortasunari dagokionez, ondoren froga gisa erabiltzeko. Hala ere, teknologiaren zehaztasunari eta datuen kalitateari buruzko arriskuez gain, prozesu penal baten testuinguruan datu horiek erabiltzeak ondorioak ditu oinarrizko eskubideetan eta prozesuko bermeetan, bereziki datu pertsonalen babeserako eskubidean, berdintasunerako eta diskriminaziorik ezaren eskubidean eta babes judizial eragingarrirako eskubidean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19498,2016-11-09,"Scientific knowledge about the interaction between the human body tissues and implants, called tissue engineering, in the same way that recent advances in the fields of physiology and biology have increased the interest sharply in metals biodegradable in the last decade. Above that, in the last years, the study of biodegradable metals has become one of the most revolutionary field among the different biomaterials. As a result in the last ten years has been a large increase in the publication of research on biodegradable metals. This new class of biomaterials is expected to be used for short time application implants. [2] Given the above, it appears very interesting for the scientific community the characterization of such biodegradable metals. Because of that develop that study that consist in the characterization of three of the biodegradable metals: magnesium pure, a magnesium alloy and stainless steel (most commonly used).","Gorputzeko ehunen eta inplanteen arteko interakziozko ezagutza, hau da ehun ingeniaritza, eta azkenaldian emandako aurrerapausoak fisiologia eta biologia arloetan metal biodegradagarrien inguruko interesaren hazkundean eragina izan du azken hamarkadan. Esandakoarekin bat, azken urteotan, metal biodegradagarrien inguruko ikerketa arlorik iraultzaileena bihurtu da biomaterialen artean. Ondorio bezala, metal biodegradagarrien inguruko ikerketen publikazioak izugarrizko hazkunde bat pairatu du. Espero da biomaterial berri hauek behin behineko inplanteetan erabiltzea.[2] Hau guztia kontuan izanik, metal biodegradagarrien karakterizazioa interes handikotzat jotzen da komunitate zientifikoarentzat. Honen harira erabaki da ikerketa hau aurrera eramatea, zeinek hiru metal biodegradagarrien karakterizazioa hartzen du barne: magnesio purua, magnesioaren aleazio bat eta altzairu herdoilgaitza (erabiliena)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23053,2013,"This work suggests the need to broaden the application to a greater number of convicted persons of suspended prison sentence for drug addicts. In the fi rst part a body of evidence is provided, which justifi es the assumption that special suspension is less applied than it might. In the second part several arguments are presented, which could explain the limitation of this tool: an unclear legal regulation, the lack of a pre- sentence socio-criminal report and certain characteristics of our legal culture. And lastly, three elements linked to the legal and judicial individualization process are presented; the adoption in our country would increase the credibility and spread of this community punishment: the Therapeutic Jurisprudence, the Drug Treatment Courts and the Pre-Sentence Report.","Lan honek iradokitzen du gero eta zigortu gehiagori eten beharko litzaiekeela drogaren menpekoei aplikatzen zaien espetxe-zigorra. Lehenengo atalean, hainbat ebidentzia aurkezten dira erakusteko etete berezia aplikatu daitekeenetan baino gutxiagotan aplikatzen dela. Bigarren atalean, baliabide horren muga azal dezaketen hainbat argumentu eskaintzen dira: lege-erregulazio nahasia, sententzia baino lehenagoko txosten kriminologiko-sozial baten gabezia eta gure kultura judizialaren ezaugarri zehatzak. Eta, azkenik, indibidualizazio-prozesu legalarekin eta judizialarekin lotutako hiru elementu azaltzen dira. Horiek gure herrialdeetan txertatzeak ahalbidetuko luke areagotzea zigor komunitario horren sinesgarritasuna eta hedapena: Therapeutic Jurisprudence, Drug Treatment Courts eta Pre-Sentence Report." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37153,2019-12-20,"Abstract: The aim of this work is to analyse the different devices that exist to control and monitor the operation of photovoltaic systems when they work in one of their two usual ways: as systems isolated from a network. It starts giving a general explanation about photovoltaic energy, photovoltaic systems connected to a network and the ones thatare isolated from a network. Afterwards, taking into consideration different alternatives of monitoring systems, one specific control is suggested for an isolated photovoltaic system.","Laburpena: Gradu-amaierako lan honetan, sistema fotoboltaikoen lana kontrolatu eta monitorizatzeko dauden hainbat gailu aztertzen dira, beti ere, sistema horiek ohiko diren bi moduetako batean funtzionatzen badute: saretik isolatutako sistemak.Argibide orokor batzuekin hasten da lana: energia foltoboltaikoa, sarera lotutako sistema foltoboltaikoak eta saretik isolatutakoak. Ondoren, monitorizatzeko hainbat sistemetatik abiatuta, isolatutako instalazio foltoboltaikoa kontrolatzeko modu jakin bat proposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29525,2018-11-02,"In this work, a stability study will be carried out on two tuna vessels when they are in specific navigation conditions that produce a series of disturbances in the stability data. A review is made of the main characteristics of the boats in relation to the forms of the hull and dynamic and static equilibrium. During the development of this project it has gone through different stages of development to be able to perform stability calculations due to the need to use a computer software for fast data collection and trend tables. The main phases of the project have been three: First phase is a first contact with the shapes of the two boats thanks to having their shape plans available. Second phase is focused on the transfer of the forms of the plan to a 3d model with which to work in the following phases of the project. Third phase use of naval architecture software with which the tables and data will be obtained in order to carry out a detailed study of the causes and problems that occur. Throughout the project different scientific branches have been working on the construction and movement of ships, mainly in this work dealing with naval architecture issues.","Lan horretan, bi atun ontzi egonkortasun azterketa egingo dira egonkortasuneko datuetan izurriteak sortzen dituzten nabigazio baldintza zehatzetan. Itsasontzien ezaugarri nagusiak aztertzea da itsasontzien ezaugarriak eta oreka dinamiko eta estatikoa. Proiektu honen garapenean garapen-fase desberdinetan zehar egonkortasun kalkuluak egiteko gai izan da, datuen bilketa azkarraren eta mahai-tauletarako ordenagailu-softwarea erabiltzeko beharra dela eta. Proiektuaren fase nagusiak hiru izan dira: Lehenengo fasea bi itsasontzien formarekin lehen harremana da. Bigarren fasea proiektuaren hurrengo faseetan lan egiteko hiru dimentsioko planaren transferentzia bideratzen da. Arkitektura navaleko softwarearen hirugarren fasea, taulak eta datuak lortzeko, arrazoi eta arazo larriak aztertzeko. Proiektu osoan hainbat bulego zientifikoek ontzien eraikuntza eta mugimendua lantzen ari dira, batez ere arkitektura navaleko arazoei dagokienez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19499,2016-11-09,"This work tries to establish the profile an engineer who wants to engage in the design and construction of structures, mainly building, must have. It will focus from the perspective of one who conceives and designs structures, not from the perspective of those who calculate them, which is an important operation but provides only a checkup, without improving the functionality and the design idea of the structure. That is, create something new that meets the functionality and safety of an artificially created space. The so-called structural engineer must have functions to perform, some responsibilities, means to exploit and should also be aware of the complexity of solving a building and its structure, leading to a multidisciplinary work and the need to face the same language to communicate with other team members, who will have different degrees and very diverse backgrounds.","Gradu amaierako lan honek batez ere egitura arloko diseinuari eta eraikuntzari bideratuta dago. Gaur egungo ingeniari batek eduki beharko lukeen perfila definitzea du helburu. Lana egiturak diseinatzen dituen ikuspegitik egina dago, ez kalkuluak egiten dituenetik, nahiz eta kalkuluak garrantzi handikoak diren, hauen helburu nagusia egitura baieztatzea da, funtzionalitatea eta estrukturaren diseinua hobetu gabe. Hau da, behar berrien arabera artifizialki eratuta dagoen funtzionaltasuna eta segurtasuna asetzen ditu. Aipatutako ingeniariak hainbat funtzio izango ditu, erantzukizun ugari eta ustiatu beharreko baliabide batzuk izango beharko ditu kontuan. Hortaz gain, eraikin baten eta bere egituraren konplexutasunaz jabetu beharko da, arazoak ebazteko unean. Honek eragiten du hirigintza eta eraikuntza behar multidiziplinatua izatea, aldi berean, taldearekin komunikatzeko hizkuntza berdin bati aurre egin behar izatea, taldekideek formazio eta titulazio desberdinak edukiko baitituzte eta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60263,2023-03-06,"Despite the existence of a notable consensus on the benefit and necessity of the participation of boys and girls in schools, little importance is usually given to that participation. Aware that this term could be understood in a broad way, it is essential to first understand what participation could mean, in order to improve reality. Thus, the starting point of this writing is the evocation of the words of different experts; once the aspects to be sought are in hand, it will be possible to cover the central objective of this work, that is, to make the gap between the theoretical consensus and daily praxis disappear. For this, a guide with rubrics, checklists and other instruments will be offered. This guide has three objectives: on the one hand, to understand what participation is, bringing its components closer to education professionals; second, to facilitate self-assessment or self-criticism, providing criteria to question the practice itself; and thirdly, to show the way, showing what specific point one should focus on in order to improve. This guide should be permanently reviewed by professionals, seeking continuous, formative and qualitative evaluation, that is, permanent improvement. Therefore, with this work it is intended to find a real functionality to the subject, going beyond the stagnation of a banal apology, to offer a tool that can be useful and get students to be seen as people with protagonism and involvement, that is, as active agents.","Adostasun nabarmen bat egon arren haurren parte-hartzearen onura eta beharraren inguruan, ikastetxeetan parte-hartzeari garrantzi gutxi eman ohi zaio. Termino hau modu zabalean ulertu litekeela jakinda, ezinbestekoa da lehenik bilatu beharreko parte-hartzea ulertzea, behin hori abiapuntu izanik errealitatea hobetzen saiatzeko. Hori horrela, idazki honen abiapuntua aditu ezberdinen hitzak gogora ekartzea da; behin bilatu beharreko ideiak esku artean izan ostean, lan honen ardatz edo xede nagusia betetzea ahalbidetuko da, hau da, adostasun teoriko eta eguneroko praxiaren arteko arrakala desagertaraztea. Horretarako, errubrika, erkatze-zerrenda eta bestelako tresnez osaturiko gida eskainiko da. Gida honek, hiru helburu ditu: batetik, parte-hartzea zer den ulerkor bihurtzea, honen osagaiak hezkuntzako profesionalengana gerturatuz; bigarrenik, autoebaluazioa edo autokritika erraztea, norberaren praktika zalantzan jartzeko irizpideak emanez; eta hirugarrenik, bidea erakustea, norberak hobetzeko konkretuki zer puntutan jarri beharko lukeen fokua ikusaraziz. Gida hau etengabean berrikusi beharko litzateke, ebaluazio jarraitu, formatibo eta kualitatibo bat bilatze aldera, hau da, etengabeko hobekuntza bat bilatze aldera. Beraz, lan honekin gaiari funtzionaltasun erreal bat bilatzea nahi zaio, apologia hutsal baten gelditzetik haratago joanez, erabilgarria litekeen tresna bat eskaini eta ikasleak protagonismoa eta inplikazio duten pertsona gisa ikustea lortzeko, hau da, eragile aktibo gisa ikusteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34839,2019-07-26,"Ingles: The aim of this project is based on realizing a study of the behavior of the ORC for different calorific power. It will be necessary to design the ORC, by means of which electrical energy is obtained in a ship taking advance of the waste heat recovery of the high temperature cooling water (for cylinder block, cylinder head and air cooler). The work fluid of the cycle is R1233zd(E). The heat exchangers needed in the cycle for 300, 600, 900 and 1.200 kW calorific power configurations will be designed with the logarithmic mean temperature difference LMTD method. For the calculations, EES program will be used. Finally, the operation data for 6 months of a motor Wärtsilä 9L32 installed on a ship will be analyzed, with which will calculate the electric power produced in each configuration of ORC and the fuel that would save the ship.","Euskera: Lan honen helburua bero-potentzia erabilgarri desberdinentzako ORC ziklo baten portaera aztertzea da. Horretarako ORC zikloa diseinatzea beharrezkoa da. Honen bidez itsasontzi baten motorraren bloketik (zilindro-atorra, zilindro burua eta airearen bero-trukagailua) goi-tenperaturan datorren hozte-uraren hondar-beroa aprobetxatuz energia elektrikoa sortuko da. Zikloaren lan fluidoa R123zd(E) da. Zikloan 300, 600, 900 eta 1.200 kW-ko bero-potentzia duten konfigurazioentzako beharrezkoak diren bero-trukagailuak diseinatzeko, LMTD batezbesteko tenperatura logaritmikoaren metodoa erabiliko da. Honako kalkuluak egiteko EES programa informatikoa erabiliko da. Azkenik, itsasontzi baten instalatuta dagoen Wärtsilä 9L32 motore batek 6 hilabetetan zehar izan dituen operazio datuak aztertuko dira. Datu hauekin ORC konfigurazio bakoitzeko sortzen den energia elektrikoa eta horri esker itsasontziak aurreztuko duen erregaia kalkulatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25095,2005,"EGO (Espoir Goutte d’Or), an association located in Paris, presents some problems connected with their activities. Globalization has brought a harmonization of drug uses and now it is possible to trace the use of a substance from Egypt to India; in a certain sense, the particular uses of each culture have disappeared. On the other hand, in a capitalist context, globalisation has generated groups of population (“circulation of the misery”) that cannot be integrated. Finally, harm reduction is not really a policy because it has not been integrated at the legal level and its field of application is reduced by public security reasons.","Pariseko EGO elkarteak (Espoir Goutte d´Or), bere lanean sortzen diren arazoen gainean mintzo da. Globalizazioari esker kontsumoen armonizazio bat eman da, eta honen ondorioz sustantzia baten erabileraren lekukotza lor dezakegu Egiptotik Indiaraino. Horregatik esan dezakegu kultura bakoitzeko erabilera propioak desagertu direla. Globalizazioak, kapitalismoaren testuinguruan, gizartean integratuko ez diren giza taldeak sortarazi ditu, “miseriaren zirkulazio” baten modukoa. Gainera, arriskuen murrizketa ez da berez politika bat, ez baitago legeetan eta bere jarduera eremua segurtasun publikoarengatik gutxitzen delako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63237,2023-11-30,"The permeable pavement area in the renovated district of Txomin-Enea in Donostia-San Sebastián, monitored to analyze the evacuation flow to the sanitation network, makes it possible to compare the advantages of its use with the traditional waterproof finish. The aim of this work is to give value to the investment made with its establishment, emphasizing, on the one hand, the advantages of soil permeability, and, on the other hand, the real follow-up of a case study. By configuring permeable layers, rainwater infiltrates the ground and its emptying stops and slows down, significantly reducing the load of the drainage network. The introduction of this technique, included among sustainable urban drainage systems, on roads where waterproof soil is normally chosen, becomes more important with the increase and intensity of hydrological phenomena. From the evidence obtained through monitoring, it can be concluded that they effectively manage rainwater in both mild and violent storms, mitigating the emergence of wells, runoff and loads in the municipal sewerage network. Investing in this seemingly invisible infrastructure for citizens adapts the urban environment to the natural cycle of water and protects it, creating a city that increases the resilience of these events hardened by climate change.","Donostiako Txomin-Enea auzo berrituan dagoen zoladura iragazkorreko zonak, saneamendu-sarera husteko emaria aztertzeko monitorizatua, erabileraren abantailak ohiko akabera iragazgaitzarekin alderatzeko aukera ematen du. Lan honen bidez, haren ezarpenarekin egindako apustuari balioa eman nahi zaio, lurzoruaren iragazkortasunak alde batetik dituen abantailak azpimarratuz eta, bestetik, azterketa-kasu baten benetako jarraipena eginez. Geruza iragazkorren konfigurazioaren bidez, euri-ura lurrera infiltratzen da eta haren hustuketa geldiarazi eta moteldu egiten da, drainatze-sareko karga nabarmenki gutxituz. Drainatze jasangarriko hiri-sistemen artean jasotako teknika hau normalean lurzoru iragazgaitza aukeratzen den galtzadetan ezartzeak garrantzi handiagoa hartzen du fenomeno hidrologikoen gorakadarekin eta intentsitatearekin. Monitorizazioari esker lortutako ebidentziei esker, ondoriozta daiteke modu eraginkorrean kudeatzen dutela euri-ura, bai ekaitz arinetan, bai bortitzetan, putzuen, isurketen eta udal-estolderiako sareko kargen agerpena arinduz. Itxuraz herritarrentzat ikusezina den azpiegitura horretan inbertitzeak hiri-ingurunea uraren ziklo naturalera egokitzen du eta babestu egiten du, klima-aldaketaren ondorioz gogortutako gertaera horien erresilientzia handitzen duen hiria sortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26889,1996,"The prologue written by Julio Caro Baroja for the book Crisis of Represive law is transcribed. After having displayed the huge world changes during the firs middle of the 20 th. century, Antonio Beristain, author of this book, talks about justice and its application, crimes an punishment. He moves on to reconsider the situation in every fiel of action.","Julio Caro Barojak Crisis del Derecho represivo liburuari egindako hitz-aurrea transkribitzen da. XX.mendearen lehenengo erdian munduan izandako aldaketa haundiak azaldu ondoren, Antonio Beristainek (aipatutako liburuaren egilea) burututako bir-ikusia aztertzen da: Justiziari, bere aplikazioari, gaiztakeriei eta zigorrei; eta ekintza-arlo guztietan egoera berriz gogotan hartzeko beharra azpimarratzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37057,2019-12-19,"ABSTRACT This document contains the description of the design and manufacture of a cooling system using a Peltier cell, which allows the temperature of a closed environment to be lowered, and can reach temperatures of up to 4 ºC.An electronic study has been carried out, with which the entire project has been implemented from the selection of specific components to its operation, always simulating everything in asoftware environment until obtaining the final results.A PCB has been designed by software, joining in a single board, all the circuits designed, leaving a product with a semi-professional finish. To create the printed circuit board, a photosensitive copper plate and a chemical attack method have been used.The electronic circuit is commanded by a microcontroller that collects the signals from the temperature sensor, and is responsible for sending them to a designed thermostat circuit, which will allow to regulate the temperature.An electrical consumption measurement system has also been designed that will be processed by the microcontroller.The user can navigate using three physical buttons, through a menu that will show the different parameters through a screen.Finally, a check of the different circuit blocks has been carried out, also verifying the operation of the final device.","LABURPENA Dokumentu honek Peltier zelula erabiliz hozte sistema baten diseinuareneta fabrikazioaren deskribapenajasotzen du. Ingurune itxi baten tenperatura jaistea ahalbidetzen du eta 4 ºC-rainoko tenperatura lor dezake.Azterketa elektronikoa egin da, eta horrekin proiektu osoa osagai espezifikoen aukeraketatik abiatuta gauzatu da, beti ere software ingurunean dena simulatuz azken emaitzak lortu arte.PCB bat softwareak diseinatu du, taula bakarrean elkartuta, zirkuitu guztiak diseinatuta, produktu bat akabera erdi profesionalarekin utziz. Zirkuitu imprimatuasortzeko, kobre plaka fotosentsiblea eta eraso kimikoen metodoa erabili dira.Zirkuitu elektronikoa tenperatura sentsorearen seinaleak biltzen dituen mikrokontroladore batek zuzentzen du eta termostato zirkuitu diseinatu batera bidaltzeaz arduratzen da, tenperatura erregulatzeko aukera emango duena.Kontsumo elektrikoa neurtzeko sistema bat ere diseinatu da, mikrokontrolatzaileak prozesatuko duena.Erabiltzaileak hiru botoi fisiko erabiliz nabigatu dezake parametro desberdinak pantailan zehar erakutsiko dituen menu baten bidez.Azkenik, zirkuitu bloke desberdinen egiaztapena egin da, azken gailuaren funtzionamendua ere egiaztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59520,2023-01-26,"This project consists in the analysis, implementation and tuning of a propagation channel model for wireless communications in industrial environments. This work is based on the QuaDRiGa channel model, a geometry-based stochastic model, well aligned with the characteristics of 3GPP 5G channel models in the 0.5 -100 GHz frequency range. This kind of models are meant to play a key role in the definition and standardization of future propagation channel models. However, at this moment, the use of these models is not as spread as it should, probably due to the lack of a clear methodology and the existence of simple, yet not that accomplished models. In this project, not only the nature of this model is defined but also the advantages over more conventional propagation models. Moreover, this work establishes a methodology for implementing, tuning and validating a geometry-based stochastic model of the likes of QuaDRiGa. Finally, this model has been calibrated using field measurements extracted from industrial environments, available via open source databases. By simulating the implemented model, it has been possible to determine the effectivity and precision in performance of such model.","Lan honetan, industria-inguruneetan hari gabeko komunikazioetarako hedapen-eredu bat aztertu, inplementatu eta doitu da. Proiektua QuaDRiGaren kanal-ereduan oinarritu da. Eredu geometriko-estokastikoa da, eta 3GPP-k 0.5 eta 100 GHz arteko komunikazioetarako definitutako kanal-ereduekin lerrokatzen dira haren ezaugarriak. Eredu mota horiek funtsezko rola dute etorkizuneko hedapen-kanalak definitzeko eta estandarizatzeko. Hala ere, oraingoz, eredu horien erabilera ez dago erabat zabalduta, metodologia argirik ez dagoelako eta beste eredu sinpleago batzuk daudelako, baina ez hain osoak. Proiektu honetan, eredu horien izaera definitzen da, baita beste eredu konbentzionalagoen aurrean eskaintzen dituzten abantailak ere. Gainera, metodologia bat ezartzen da Quadriga bezalako eredu geometriko estokastiko bat inplementatzeko, doitzeko eta baliozkotzeko. Azkenik, eredua kalibratu da, datu-base irekietan eskuragarri dauden industria-agertokietatik ateratako landa-neurrien bidez. Inplementatutako ereduaren simulazioaren bidez, ereduaren eraginkortasuna eta zehaztasuna zehaztea lortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46262,2020,This research has the objective of studying the role of women within prostitution regulations during the classical and pre-byzantine periods. For this the works that make up the Justinian Legislation have been analysed and finally an approach to visigothic law has been made throughout the analysis of this practice in the Lex Visigothorum.,Lan honen helburua garai klasiko eta protobizantziarrean emakumeak prostituzioaren erregulazioan izan zuten papera aztertzea da. Horretarako Justinianoren legeria osatzen duten lanak aztertu dira eta azkenik Zuzenbide Bisigodorari hurbilketa bat egin da praktika hau Lex Visigothorum-ean aztertzen. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20021,2016-12-29,"The Asperger syndrome is a quite unknown topic in the Education. A lot of teachers do not have knowledge about this syndrome and this is harmful for students who endure it. So, the aim of this project is to examine the attitudes teachers have about this syndrome, as well as to give them help in order to work with these students. To that end, after carrying out a theoretical basis, teachers´ knowledge, feelings and attitudes towards Asperger syndrome have been investigated by conducting a survey 16 teachers have answered. The results verify the lack of training about the Asperger syndrome some teachers have. So, in order to help them, certain guidelines to act inside the classroom with these students are offered.","Asperger sindromea nahiko gai ezezaguna izaten da Hezkuntzan. Irakasle askok ez dute sindrome honi buruzko ezagutzarik eta honek kalte handiak ekartzen dizkie hura pairatzen duten ikasleei. Beraz, lan honen helburua irakasleek Asperger sindromeari buruz dituzten jarrerak aztertzea da, baita ikasle hauekin aritzeko laguntza ematea ere. Horretarako, sindromeari buruzko hurbilpen teoriko bat burutu ostean, 16 irakaslek betetako inkesta baten bidez, maisu/maistrek sindrome honen inguruan dituzten ezagutzak, sentimenduak eta portaerak aztertu dira, emaitzek kasu askotan irakasleen artean egoten den Asperger sindromeari buruzko formakuntza falta egiaztatzen dutelarik. Hortaz, maisu eta maistrei laguntza eskaintzeko asmoz, ikasle hauekin gelan jokatzeko orientabideak ematen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24377,2011,"Smoke-free areas promotion is a fundamental initiative to eliminate the exposition to environment tobacco smoke, especially in the case of vulnerable or captive groups, like children or workers in closed spaces. To evaluate the effectiveness of rules sensitive and specific markers of exposition are required, even though the presence of environmental tobacco smoke at low concentrations usually happens unnoticed and, then, the risk of exposure is ignored or under-estimated.","Tabakoaren ingurumen kea saihesteko, kerik gabeko eremuak sustatzea oinarrizko ekimena da, bereziki kolektibo kalteberentzat edo gatibuentzat, hala nola, haurrak edo eremu itxietan lan egiten duten langileak. Araudien eraginkortasuna ebaluatzeko, nahitaezkoa da esposizio adierazgailuak behar adina espezifiko eta sentiberak izatea, zeren eta tabakoaren ingurumen kearen (HAT) agerpena kontzentrazio txikietan oharkabean iragaiten da eta honek esposizio arriskua baztertu edo azpiestimatu dezake." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25847,2018-03-21,"[EN[ Climate change is one of the most severe problems of modern society. Education, regarding its compromise on changing and improving society, has the duty of answering this problem. In this work, according to Environmental Education and its bases, we propose an intervention on a classroom of the third grade of elementary school with the aim of developing the main objectives of the EE. As for the pupils, they were introduced to the problem of climate change underlining the necessity of finding a solution and working collectively seeking this objective under an atmosphere of autonomy and responsibility. The final objective has been to stimulate good habits within the environment, hoping new ideas, values and attitudes to come across along this path. Results have been considered to be positive, registering significant forwards in the level of awareness and behavior despite not being able to fulfil all the objectives. Therefore, it has been proved that the EE is an excellent model to incentive environmental responsibility, critical thinking and a change in people attitudes, providing the continuation of the method.","Gaur egun gizarte mailan dugun arazo larrienetariko bat aldaketa klimatikoa bezala ezagutzen den ingurumen arazoa da. Hezkuntzak, gizartea eraldatu eta hobetzeko duen betebeharra kontsideraturik, arazo honi erantzun bat emateko erantzukizuna du. GrAL honetan, Ingurumen Hezkuntza eta bere oinarriak jarraituz, LH-ko 3. Mailako gela baterako esku hartze bat proposatu da, IHren helburu nagusiak jorratzeko asmoarekin. Ikasleei aldaketa klimatikoaren arazoa azaldu zaie, honi konponbide bat bilatzeko beharra azpimarratuz, eta taldeka lan egin dute helburu honen bila, ikasgela autonomia eta erantzukizun testuinguru bezala bihurtuz. Ikasleengan ingurumenarekiko ohitura arduratsuak sustatzea izan da azken helburua, ideia, balore eta jarrera berriak egindako bidearen emaitza izango direnaren itxaropenarekin. Lortutako emaitzak positiboak kontsideratu dira, helburu guztiak bete ez diren arren aurrerapen nabariak eman baitira ezagutza eta portaera mailan. Argi gelditu da pertsonengan naturarekiko ardura, pentsamendu kritikoa eta jarrera aldaketak sorrarazteko eredu bikaina dela, baino horretarako bere alde jarraipen apustu bat egin behar dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14630,2015-02-26,"In this report the effectiveness of a dental implant with conical connection is researched. More accurately, the force required to extract a dental implant is analysed, taking into account that the knowledge of its value is essential to guarantee the patient’s health and comfort. First of all the context is described in order to know in what fields this project is important. Next, the main objectives will be explained, as well as the scientific and economic benefits. Different ways to achieve the objectives will be analysed, and after considering the advantages and disadvantages of all of them, the most suitable one will be selected. Afterwards, the selected method will be explained, describing all the work done in the project step by step. The Gantt diagram will be used to show the planning of all the work done clearly from the beginning to the end of the project. There will be three main stages in the diagram mentioned before: pre-design of the experiments, experimental campaign and interpretation of the results. Finally, the results of the experiments and analysis done will be summed up, explaining the consequences they involve. At this point, a response to the objectives that were set out at the beginning will be given, and the possible future lines resulting from this project will be mentioned.","Txosten honetan konexio konikodun hortzetako inplante baten eraginkortasuna aztertzen da. Zehatzagoak izanik, inplante bat ahotik kanporatu ahal izateko beharrezkoa den indarra aztertu egiten da, kontuan hartuz aldagai horren balioa ezagutzea ezinbestekoa dela pazientearen osasuna eta konforta ziurtatzeko. Proiektu honek zein eremutan garrantzia edukiko duen ikusteko, lehenik eta behin testuingurua deskribatuko da. Horren ondoren helburu nagusiak eta onura zientifiko-tekniko zein ekonomikoak adieraziko dira. Helburuak lortzeko posibleak diren bide desberdinak aztertuko dira, eta bakoitzaren abantailak eta desabantailak kontuan hartuz kasu honi hobeto egokitzen zaion alternatiba aukeratuko da. Jarraian, metodo horri dagokion azalpenari ekingo zaio, proiektuaren garapenean egindako lanak pausoz pauso deskribatuz. Proiektuaren hasieratik amaierara arte egindako lanen planifikazioa era argi batean adierazteko Gantt diagrama erabiliko da. Bertan hiru etapa nagusi ezberdindu daitezke: saiakuntzen aurre-diseinua, kanpaina esperimentala eta emaitzen interpretazioa. Azkenik, egindako saiakuntzen eta analisien emaitzak laburbilduko dira, horiek dakartzaten ondorioak azalduz. Puntu honekin hasiera batean planteatutako helburuei erantzun bat emango zaie, eta proiektu honen ondoren jarraitu ahal izango diren hurrengo pausoak aipatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29151,2018-10-18,"This project is aimed at studying and understanding the adaptation of an existing scooter engine, inside the Euro 3 emissions standards, to its operation with LPG. To do this, this project will present the necessity of alternative fuels working in the transport, and the benefits and disadvantages of them. After this, the original engine will be analyzed with the aim of helping to understand the subsequent adapted engine operation. Finally, the needed components and operations for the adaptation of LPG system will be analyzed, and the procedure of adjusting the parameters for correct operation will be presented.","Lan honen helburua GLPrekin funtzionatuko duen eta Euro 3 araudiarekin bat datorren scooter motor baten adaptazioa ulertzea eta ikertzea da. Horretarako, proiektu hay garraiobideetan dagoen erregai berritzaileen beharrizanean kokatuko da eta honen onurak eta desabantailak aurkeztuko dira. Jarraian, motor egokituaren funtzionamendua ulertzeko helburuarekin, lehenengo motor originala aztertuko da. Azkenik, GLP sistema ezartzeko beharrezkoak diren osagai eta eragiketak aztertuko dira, eta GLParen funtzionamendu eraginkorra lortzeko parametroak doitzeko pozedura aurkeztuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19328,2016-10-18,"The aim of this project is to characterize the fatigue behaviour of the steel 34CrNiMo6 when multiaxial stresses are applied on it. The study of this particular steel (normally used for some machines’ parts resisting work cycles) will consist of two main parts: - The first phase, where many tests will be executed (with both uniaxial and multiaxial stresses), providing us a vast database of fatigue resistance results. - The second phase will consist in treating these results in order to draw a Basquin curve of the steel for each situation (uniaxial and different kinds of multiaxial stresses).","Proiektu honen helburua 34CrNiMo6 altzairua tentsio multiardatzekin lan egiten duenean bereizitzea da. Altzairu berezi honen ikerketa (gehienetan makinen osagaietan erabilita, lan ziklo asko eusten baititu) bi atalez dago osatuta: - Lehenegoan, froga asko egingo dira (bai ardatz bakarreko tentsioak baita ardatz bat baino gehiagokoak ere), datu-base adierazgarri bat lortzeko. - Bigarrenean, lehenengo atalean lortutakoa kontuan izanda, kasu bakoitzeko (ardatz bakarreko edo ardatz gehiagoko tensioak). Basquin kurba kalkulatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14687,2015-03-02,"The main objective of this project is to modelize correctly the boundary layer of the airfoil where takes place the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. As a secondary objective there is the strengthening of the theoretical basis of the fluid mechanics learned in the university, along with the acquirement of knowledge related with aerodynamics, more specifically with the boundary layer. In the first part the general concepts of the airfoils are discussed and there will be a brief introduction to the different types of existing mesh. The concept of boundary layer will be explained and everything about it as well. Next, the selection of criteria for the most appropriate turbulence model is established and the results of various types of turbulence models are shown above. Once selected turbulence model will deepen in its study by applying it to several NACA profiles. The results will be analyzed and the errors and possible solutions will be sought. Finally, we shall draw conclusions on the model chosen and compared with a series of experimental tests to validate it.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia muga geruza profil aerodinamikoan zuzen modelatzea da, non erregimen laminarraren trantsizioa erregimen iragankorrean gertatzen den. Bigarren mailako helburuak ikastetxean lortutako fluido mekanika oinarri teorikoak sendotzea eta aerodinamikarekin erlazionatutako kontzeptu gehiago lortzea, geruza limitearekin zehazki, dira. Lehenengo atalean profil aerodinamikoen kontzeptu orokorrak eztabaidatuko dira eta mallado mota ezberdinei buruz sarrera labur bat egingo da. Muga geruza kontzeptua eta harekin erlazionatutako guztia azalduko da baita ere. Ondoren, turbulentzia modelo egokienaren aukeraketa irizpideak ezarrituko dira eta lehen aipatutako turbulentzia modeloetako mota ezberdinetatik lortutako emaitzak erakutsiko dira. Behin turbulentzia modelo bat aukeratuta bere ikerketan sakonduko da, hura hainbat NACA profiletara aplikatuz. Lortutako emaitzak eta akatsak aztertuko dira eta izan daitekeen konponbideak bilatuko dira. Azkenik, aukeratutako modeloaren ondorioak ateratzeari ekingo zaio eta saiakera esperimental sail batekin konparatuko da, hura baliozkotu ahal izateko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50959,,"In this End of Grade Project, relationships, socialization and coexistence among primary school students of Laiotz public school from Segura will be analyzed through a participatory observation. Due to the influence of the social imagery when creating groups of friends, it can be observed that the most frequent discriminations that occur in society are reflected in school. It can be deduced that power relations predominate, relations in which there are both dominant students and those who have no power. These latter ones are considered as stigmatized identities or invisible and therefore they are forced to make efforts and adaptations in order to gain collevtice acceptance. Although identified as silent conflicts, after investigating the damage they cause to personal and social well-being, self-esteem, the contruction of personal identity and school performance among other factors, it is clear that it is an issue that deserves to be given a voice. In this first objective of the work some gaps identified, and in order to respond them an intervention and a project with a systematic observation is carried out, which is completed with an in-depth bibliographical search.Thus, given the impossibility of changing society as a whole and after becoming aware of the value of emotional education and the importance of empowering students, the second objective of the work includes a didactic proposal. Through activities that promote self-esteem and empathy, as well as recommendations, this proposal is designed so that it reinforces students’ resources and to provides the right tools to face difficult situations.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Segurako Laiotz Herri eskolako Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen arteko harremanak, sozializazioa eta bizikidetza aztertzen dira behaketa parte hartzaile baten bidez. Lagun taldeak sortzerakoan imaginario sozialak duen eragina dela eta, gizartean ematen diren diskriminazio ohikoenak ikastetxean islatzen direla ikusten da. Botere harremanak direla nagusi eta botererik gabeko ikasleak, identitate estigmatizatuak, ikusezinak izanik, talde onarpenerako esfortzu eta egokitzapenak egin beharrean aurkitzen direla ondorioztatzen da. Gatazka isil, baina ahotsa eman beharreko gatazken moduan identifikatzen dira, ongizate pertsonal eta sozialean, autoestimuan, nortasunaren eraketan, eskola errendimenduan etab. dakartzaten kalteak ikertu ostean. Lanaren lehen helburu honetan identifikatutako hutsuneei erantzun asmoz, behaketa sistematiko batekin esku-hartze eta proiektu bat eramaten dira aurrera, bilaketa bibliografiko sakon batekin osatuz. Hau horrela, gizarte osoa aldatu ezinean, hezkuntza emozionalaren balioaz eta ikasleak ahalduntzearen garrantziaz jabetu ostean, emaitza moduan eta lanaren bigarren helburua lortu aldera, proposamen didaktiko bat diseinatzen da, non ikasleek egoera zailei aurre egiteko eurak dituzten errekurtsoak indartzeko balioko dien, autoestimua eta enpatia sustatzeko jarduera eta gomendioak eskainiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27843,2011,"The paper focus on the analysis of the products generated in the manufacture of a handaxe through the foundations of the Analytic Typology. There were several objectives. The first one was related to the methodological practice, in which the own analytic dynamics in the study of this kind of remains is tested. The second one focus on the search of a line of investigation for the definition of some technique characteristics that can determine this type of artefacts (handaxes) and, at the same time, can define significant remains which reflect this manufacture process. For this purpose, and following analytic parameters, information related to morphology and general typometry of the products of debited was extracted. At the same time the heels and the technique definition of its dorsal faces were analysed. The results have shown to be satisfactory, even though they are limited due to the nature of the experimenting process. They have defined characteristic elements that are present in the manufacture remains of the artefacts, so this work might be understood as the opening of a new line of research that the Grupo de Investigación en Tipología Analítica (GITA) is going to develop.","Jarraian aurkezten dugun lana, Tipologia Analitikoaren oinarriak jarraituz, aurpegibiko baten fabrikazio prozesuan sortutako lantze hondarren analisian jartzen du arreta. Esperimentazioaren helburuak hainbat dira. Hauetako lehenengokoa praktika metodologikoari lotuta dago, non dinamika analitikoaren eraginkortasuna mota honetako hondarren analisian frogatzen den. Bigarrena tipo honetako tresnen (aurpegibikoak) ezaugarri teknikoak definitzeko ikerketa hildoara zuzentzen da; aldi berean, lantze prozesu hau isladatzen duten hainbat hondar definitzeko gai izango dena ere. Honetarako, parametro analitikoak jarraituz, lantze hondarren morfologia eta tipometria orokorrarekin lotutako informazioa hartu da; era berean, elementu hauen orpoak eta bizkarraldeak aztertu egin dira. Lortutako emaitzak, esperientzia beraren mugak baldintzatutak, onak izan dira, tresna hauen lantze hondarren ezaugarrien definizioa lortuz. Beraz, lan hau Grupo de Investigación en Tipología Analítica (GITA) garatzen hasi duen ikerketa hildo berri baten hasieratzat hartu behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16474,2015-12-15,"The purpose of this Project is to analyze the different ways to control induction motors’ speed because it’s the most important type of electrical machine which is used in industry and also at home. First of all, it’s going to be made a study about the advantages that induction motors offer instead of direct current motors, like the price or the maintenance. Afterwards, conventional methodologies are studied. However, these kind of methodologies aren’t used so we will focus on the current ways. These are based on the variation of grid’s frequency and they are divided in two groups: scalar control and vector control.","Lan honen helburua motor asinkronoetako abiaduraren kontroleko metodo desberdinak aztertzeada, bai industrian bai etxeko bizitzan makina elektriko garrantzitsuena delako. Lehenik eta behin motor mota honek eskaintzen dituen abantailak aztertzen dira korronte jarriko motoreekin alderatuz, prezioa edo manteinua bezala. Gero metodologia konbentzionalak aztertzen dira. Baina metodo-mota hau ez denez gaur egun erabiltzen, sakontasunez aztertuko dira gaur egungo metodo kontrolak: kontrol eskalarra eta kontrol bektoriala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37101,2019-12-19,"In the last decades, technologies that make possible communication between devices through the electrical network have been developed; they are known as PLC (Power Line Communications). This new communication channel, the low voltage network, is very changeable and unstable, features that are not recommended. These facts make necessary the study and characterization of this new communication channel, and also, the radioelectric emissions that are injected by electrical and electronic devices in the aforementioned medium. The aim of this work, on the one hand, is to try to simulate, by software, the conditions of a LISN (Line Impedance Stabilization Network), to characterize the behavior of this device when it is used to measure electrical emissions generated by the EUT (Equipment Under Test) and the output impedance presented by the devices. With all these simulations, this project is going to try to quantify the fidelity and the uncertainty of the measurements made with the LISN. On the other hand, a new electrical scheme will be proposed for the construction of new LISN models, in which their electrical characteristics are more similar to the ones that the current electrical grid has.","Azken hamarkadetan, sare elektrikoa erabiliz komunikazioak ahalbidetzen dituzten teknologiak sortu eta garatu egin dira, hots, PLC (Power Line Communications) komunikazioak. Transmisio hauek, ingurune oso aldakor eta ezegonkorrean ematen dira, sare elektrikoa, ezaugarri hauek komunikazio kanal batentzako erabat desegokiak izanik. Egoera honek ezinbestekoa egiten du komunikazio kanal berri honen ikerketa eta karakterizazioa, baita ingurune honetan gailu elektriko eta elektronikoek sortzen dituzten emisio elektromagnetikoen neurketa ere. Lan honen helburua software bidezko simulazioen bitartez LISN (Line Impedance Stabilization Network, ingelesez) baten egoera simulatzea izango da; egonkortze-sare hau EUTn (Equipment Under Test, proban dagoen gailua) emisio elektrikoak neurtzerakoan, zein gailuen inpedantziak neurtzerakoan, duen konportamendua ebaluatzeko. Honekin guztiarekin, LISNaren neurketen fidagarritasuna eta ziurgabetasun kontribuzioa kuantifikatzen ahalegingo da. Beste alde batetik, LISN modelo berrien eraikuntzarako eskema elektriko berri bat proposatuko da, honen ezaugarriak gaur egungo sare elektrikoaren hurbilagoko antzekotasuna izan dezaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47696,2020-11-04,"English: The viability of doped plastic optical fibers (POFs) as luminescent solar concentrators to be used in space applications has been studied. For this purpose, a set of computational tools has been developed with the ability to simulate the behavior of doped POFs given known operational parameters. The capabilities of these computational tools include the simulation of multiple organic dye dopants and rare earth dopants in the same fiber. The tools have been adapted for the particularities of space applications. Other effects exclusive to space environments such as temperature variation and ionizing radiation have been studied from a theoretical point of view.","Euskara: Plastikozko fibra optiko (POF) dopatuak espazio aplikazioetan eguzki kontzentragailu lumineszente gisa erabiltzearen bideragarritasuna ikertu da. Muga honekin parametro operazional ezagunak emanda POF dopatuen portaera simulatzeko gai diren tresna konputazional sorta bat garatu da. Tresna hauen gaitasunek hainbat dopatzaile organiko eta lur arraro dopatzaile fibra berean simulatzea barne hartzen dute. Tresnak espazio aplikazioen berezitasunentzat egokitu dira. Ingurune espazialen beste hainbat efektu esklusibo, hala nola tenperaturaren aldakuntza eta erradiazio ionizatzailea, ikuspuntu teoriko batetik ikertu egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37162,2019-12-20,"Abstratc: in this project, a vending machine is designed and developed. For that, the main project is divided in smaller parts, which will ease the execution of it. First, building part, where the design and crafting of the case is made. Then, the programing part, where using Arduino, the code of the venduino program is made. Last but not the least, the electric part, where different connections of all the components are studied and performed. Following this path, and the correct election of components, steps are taken to carry out the project. Through the document, with the objectives always in mind, the analysis of conditions will be made, and the different available components to do this machine will be explained. Then, the technique description of the chosen components will come. A design will be given conditioned by the different parts. After that, the planning will come. The budget, and the consequences will end the document. Throughout this work, the student tries to guarantee the competences acquired throughout the degree, from an electronic point of view, explaining the operation and programming of the electronic devices used by the vending machine.","Laburpena: proiektu honetan, vending makina baten diseinua eta garapena egiten da. Horretarako, hasierako proiektu hau, atal desberdinetan banatzen da. Hasteko, eraikuntza atalean, non kutxaren diseinua eta eraikuntza burutzen diren. Bestetik, programazio atalean, non, Arduino ingurunean, vending makina funtzionarazteko kodea garatzen da. Azkenik, atal elektrikoa, non konexio desberdinak, egokiak izatea bermatzen den. Bide-orri hau jarraituz, eta gailu aproposak erabiliz proiektua aurrera eramateko pausuak ematen dira. Dokumentuan zehar, helburuak beti kontuan hartuta, baldintzen deskribapena emango da, eta hauek betetzeko erabili daitezkeen gailuak eztabaidatzen dira. Aukeratutako gailuen deskripzio teknikoa ematen da. Horren araberako diseinua ematen da, eta azkenik, proiektuaren plangintza, aurrekontua eta ondorioak azaltzen dira. Lan honetan zehar, ikaslea, graduan zehar lortu dituen konpetentziak bermatzen saiatzen da, elektronikaren ikuspuntutik, vending makinak erabiltzen dituen gailu elektronikoen funtzionamendu eta programazioa azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25637,1993,"The ""Global Ethics"" Declaration, made by six thousand leaders of 130 religions in Chicago, is summarized and commented.","Chicagon 130 erlijioetako sei mila buruzagik burututako ""Etika orokorra""ren Adierazpena laburtu eta aztertu egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36843,2019-12-12,"Abstract: a PID controller is one of the most used controllers for its ability to achieve an accurate response in feedback mechanisms, but due to this, each parameter must be regulated correctly with a microcontroller. Its programming can be done in C code, assembler, graphical notation, etc. Tuning a PID controller by programming an Arduino microcontroller requires several attempts until a valid behaviour is obtained. In order to optimize the time used reprogramming the parameters, they can be acquired via Simulink. In this project, a PID controller has been developed with Simulink using a ball and beam nonlinear system as a starting point. By using Arduino and Simulink together, the response of a servomotor can be controlled so the ball keeps at a specific distance. An infrared distance sensor will measure the distance of the ball and a PID controller will create a servo signal of variable pulse similar to a PWM signal that the servomotor needs to keep the ball at the desired distance. To implement the Arduino code in Simulink, a custom block was created using the s-function builder block. By executing the model of the system, a PID control algorithm is created and it can be downloaded to the Arduino board so it becomes a standalone device running independently of Simulink. When the model is executed in Simulink, it is possible to tune the parameters of the PID controller externally and in real time using Simulink, to avoid loading each new program to the Arduino board and, therefore, saving time.","Laburpena: PID kontrolatzailea erabilienetariko bat da berrelikaduradun sistemetan lor dezakeen erantzun onagatik. Horretarako parametro bakoitza era egokian doitu behar da mikrokontrolatzaile bat erabiliz. Bere programazioa C kodez, mihiztatzailez, ingurune bisualez, etab. bitartez egin daiteke. PID kontrolatzaile baten doiketa fina lortzeko beharrezkoa da Arduino mikrokontrolatzailearentzako programan haztamuka parametro egokiak lortzea eta horregatik denbora optimizatzeko doiketa Simulink bidez programatzea pentsatu da. Aplikazio honen bitartez, PID kontrolatzaile bat garatu da Simulink-en “ball and beam” sistema ez lineal batetan oinarrituz. Proiektu honek Arduino eta Simulink erabiltzen ditu serbomotore baten erantzuna kontrolatzeko eta horrela distantzia espezifiko batera mantentzeko pilota. Infragorrizko distantzia sentsoreak pilota zein distantziara dagoen neurtuko du eta PID kontrolatzaileak serbomotoreak eskuratuko duen PWM seinale baten antzeko pultsu aldakorreko serbo seinale bat sortuko du, pilota distantzia egokira mantenduz. Arduino kodea Simulink-en inplementatzeko bloke pertsonalizatu bat sortu da, “s-function builder” blokea. Modelo osoa exekutatzean PID algoritmo bat sortzen da non Arduino plakara deskargatu ahal den eta era honetan Simulink-ekiko era independentean exekutatu (standalone). Simulink-en exekutatuz gero, parametroen doiketa denbora errealean eta kanpotik egitea lor daiteke Arduinoko programan egindako aldaketa bakoitzeko programa bat kargatu behar izatea ekidinez, denbora aurreztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62921,2023-06-26,"The main purpose of this work is to examine the protection that the surviving spouse or civil partner receives in forced share succession under Law 5/2015 of 25 June on Basque Civil Law (LDCV). In fact, in addition to establishing, for the first time throughout the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (CAPV), a single and unitary regulation of Basque civil law, a number of aspects have been amended in order to improve the situation of the surviving spouse and civil partner. In other words, what is intended to be dealt with in this study would be to examine whether the new Basque law responds to the current social needs by examining whether the protection of forced succession is appropriate to the current situation of the surviving spouse and civil partner.","Lan honen helburu nagusia, Euskal Zuzenbide zibilari buruzko ekainaren 25eko 5/2015 Legean (EZZL), ezkontide alargunak edo bizirik dirauen izatezko bikotekideak derrigorrezko oinordetzan jasotzen duen babesa aztertzea da. Izan ere, Euskal Autonomia Erkidego (EAE) osoan lehen aldiz euskal Zuzenbide zibil araudi bakar eta bateratua ezartzeaz gain, alargun zein bizirik dirauen izatezko bikotekidearen egoera hobetze aldera hainbat alderdi erreformatu dira lege honen bitartez. Beste hitz batzuetan, ikerketa honetan landu nahi dena euskal lege berriak gaur egungo beharrizan sozialei erantzuten dien aztertzea litzateke, derrigorrezko oinordetza babesak gaur egungo ezkontide alargun edo bizirik dirauen izatezko bikotekidearen egoerari begira egokiak ote diren aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59927,2023-02-16,"This Master's Thesis deals with the design and sizing of different photovoltaic installations for collective self-consumption in public buildings in the town of Arrigorriaga, in order to know their photovoltaic potential. Using the PVsyst tool, it has been possible to carry out a study of the 14 public buildings in the municipality, in order to know if they have enough photovoltaic potential to cover their demand. In order to carry out this project, we have studied what renewable energies are, the different types of generation systems using photovoltaic solar modules, the different elements that make up this type of installation, the steps to follow that must be taken into account when making an installation as described, several simulation tools and the use of the selected software (PVsyst), to finally know if the roofs of the town have enough potential to make the installation feasible. Key words:","Master Amaierako Lan honek Arrigorriagako eraikin publikoetan autokontsumo kolektiboa egiteko hainbat instalazio fotovoltaikoren diseinu eta dimentsionamenduari buruzkoa da, horien potentzial fotovoltaikoa ezagutzeko. PVsyst tresnaren bidez, udalerrian dauden 14 eraikin publikoen azterketa bat egin ahal izan da, eraikin horiek haien eskaria betetzeko adinako ahalmen fotovoltaikoa duten jakiteko. Proiektu hori egin ahal izateko, honako hauek aztertu dira: energia berriztagarriak, eguzki-modulu fotovoltaikoen bidez sortzen diren sistema motak, instalazio mota horiek osatzen dituzten elementuak, deskribatutakoa bezalako instalazio bat egitean kontuan hartu behar diren urratsak, hainbat simulazio-tresna eta hautatutako softwarearen erabilera (PVsyst), azkenik, herriko estalkiek egin beharreko instalazioa egingarria den ala ez jakiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16301,2015-12-02,"This document presents the results of the different analyzed features of the Sinamics G120 variable frequency drive. The device has been configured using the TIA Portal control software to perform speed control works on an induction motor, as well as position control for motor shaft and a linear axis attached to it.",Dokumentu honetan Sinamics G120 maiztasun aldagailuaren funtzio desberdinen emaitzak azaltzen dira. Indukzio motor baten abiadura kontrola eta motorraren eta honi lotutako ardatz lineal baten posizio kontrol ariketak egiteko TIA Portal kontrol softwarea konfiguratu da. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24468,2017-09,"One of the biggest problems that electric vehicles have nowadays is the autonomy of their batteries and the consumption they have. In fact, the batteries autonomy is too low and its consumption is too high. In order to improve the facilities of this vehicle, the research made in the kinetic energy recovery system (KERS) is important. The aim of this Project is to use the technology of the ultracapacitors and the electric converters to safe the energy that would be spent when the car slows down. In this document some research will be done in order to improve the system that is already known, the interleaving converter system.","Gaur egun ibilgailu elektrikoek dituzten arazo handienetako bat baterien autonomia eta kontsumoa da. Izan ere, bateriaren biltegiratze ahalmena oso txikia da eta kontsumoa oso handia. Ibilgailu mota honen errendimendua eta funtzionamendua hobetzeko, energia zinetikoa berreskuratzen duen sisteman (KERS) egiten den ikerketa funtsezkoa bihurtzen da. Proiektu honen helburua ultrakapazitoreen eta bihurgailu elektrikoen teknologia erabiltzea da, autoak balaztatzen duenean galduko litzatekeen energia berreskuratzeko. Dokumentu honetan ezagun den sistema hobetzen diharduko da, batez ere bihurgailu elkargututzatuan ikerketa sakonduz eta hobekuntzak planteatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29805,2018-11-26,"The main objective of this work is to realize a study of the planning of the electrical transport grid, focusig in the 400 kV double circuit line Güeñes – Itxaso. Using PSSE tool, the behaviour of the line under different working conditions will be analyzed.","Lan honen helburu nagusi penintsular garraio sarearen plangintza azterketa bat egitea da, Güeñes – Itxaso 400 kv-ko linea bikoitzean arreta handia jarriz. Horretarako, PSSE programa erabiliz, linearen portaera aztertuko da funtzionamendu baldintza desberdinen aurrean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43102,2020-05-08,"In this projectit is proposed a solution so that the team Formula Student Bizkaia can carry out the management of wastes correctly. For that purpose, it is taken into consideration the legislation that regulates the classification, storage, transportation and treatment of hazardouswastes. Respecting these rules, it is designed a protocol that allows the hole team members for knowing how to act with the wastes. In order to develop the protocol, they have been kept in mind the different workshops, the products used in the construction of the vehicle and the waste generation of previous years","Lan honetan Formula Student Bizkaia taldeak hondakinenkudeaketa egokia burutu dezan, irtenbide bat proposatu egiten da. Horretarako, kontuan hartu da hondakin arriskutsuen sailkapena, biltegiratzea, garraioaeta tratamendua arautzen duen legeria. Arau hauek errespetatuz, taldeko kide guztiek hondakinekin nola jokatu behar duten jakinarazten duenprotokolo batdiseinatu egiten da. Protokoloa garatu ahal izateko, taldearen tailerrak, autoaren fabrikaziorako erabilitako produktuak eta aurreko urteetako hondakinen sorkuntza eduki dira kontuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60045,2023-02-22,"Inglés: Multiple missions have been sent to gather information about Mars’ surface and atmosphere. The use of spectroscopy on planetary atmospheres is useful to determine its composition. In this work, the atmosphere of Mars is charac- terized using observations retrieved by the ChemCam instrument of the Mars Science Laboratory mission and simulated radiance spectrums by the Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) tool of NASA.First, atmospheric models of Mars are loaded into the PSG and afterwards information about the scattering aerosols which influence the spectrum is obtained by means of a retrieval process. Then, these spectra are evaluated to determine the components of the atmosphere by analyzing the absorption lines.Finally, the obtained results and the feasibility of using the PSG tool in future projects are discussed.","Euskera: Planetaren informazioa lortzeko, Martera egindako misio askoren helburua planetaren gainazala eta atmosfera aztertzea izan da. Atmosfera planetarioetan espektroskopia aplikatzea oso baliagarria da konposizioak zehazteko. Proiektu honetan, Marteko atmosfera Mars Science Laboratory misioko ChemCam tres- na, zeruaren behaketa pasiboan erabiliz, ezaugarritzen da, eta NASA Goddard Space Flight Centerren Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) tresnaren bidez, instrumentuari jasotako erradiantzia-espektroak simulatzen dira. Horretarako, lehenik, Marteko eredu atmosferikoak PSGn sintetizatzen dira, eta gero, retrie- val prozesu bat egiten da, bertan dauden eta espektroan eragina duten scattering aerosolen informazioa lortzeko. Ondoren, espektro horiek aztertzen dira atmos- feran dauden osagaiak zehazteko, xurgapen-lerroei esker. Azkenik, lortutako emaitzak eta beste proiektu batzuetan karakterizatzeko erabilitako tresnaren bideragarritasuna eztabaidatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19457,2016-10-28,"The purpose of this End of Grade work is to develop and design the Pro-Link triangle of the rear suspension that is supposed to be installed on a competition motorbike. The project will be focused on the design of the triangle which will allow the motorbike get the correct rear suspension. This project rose up from the need to get a variable stiffness when the motorbike approaches a pothole, the stiffness will increase in those cases and will remain soft in normal conditions. This configuration will reduce the vibrations that the driver is subjected when passing a pothole and make the driving more comfortable.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan txapelketa motozikleta baten Pro-Link esekitze sistemaren triangeluaren diseinua eta garapena efinituko dira. Lan hau esekitze sistemaren zurruntasun egokia lortzeko helburuarekin triangeluaren diseinuan kokatzen da. Proiektuaren jatorria esekitze sistemaren zurruntasun aldakor bat diseinatzearen beharrizanagatik dator. Esekitze sistema honek bere erresistentzia handituko du motorrak errepidean irregulartasun bat aurkitzen duen heinean. Era honetan, esekitze sistemaren zurruntasun progresibo bat lortuko da non gidariak jasaten dituen bibrazioak murriztuko diren gidatze erosoago bat lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19568,2016-11-21,"This project will describe, analyze and compare the most used company valuation methods. The main objective of valuating a company is to get the price that should be paid for it, which is usually more complicated than it may seem. Divided in different typologies, the valuation methods shown in the project should enable any professional (either with non-financial background) to understand the basics of valuation, transmitting a general idea about this essential and necessary topic in most management positions. Apart from the explicit methods, this project will also show the peculiarities to be considered when valuing companies in different sectors and across their life cycle.","Proiektu honetan gehien erabilitako enpresa balorazio metodoak azaldu aztertu eta konparatzen dira. Enpresa bat baloratzearen helburua beste enpresa batek lehenegoarengatik orrdaindu beharko lukeen prezioa lortzea da, dirudien baino zailagoa izan daitekeena. Tipologia desberdinetan banaturik, proiektuan zehar azaltzen diren metodoek, edozein profesional (nahiz eta background finantzierorik ez izan) enpresa balorazioaren oinarriak ulertzen ahalbidetuko du, kudeaketa postu askotan oinarrizkoak diren kontzeptuak ezaguztaraziz. Metodoak azaltzeaz aparte, sektore eta bizitza etapa desberdinetan dauden enpresak baloratzeko kontuan hartu beharreko berezitasunak ere azalduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54316,2021-12-02,"Magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) are prokaryotic microorganisms capable of orienting themselves in external magnetic fields and swimming along field lines, a skill called magnetotaxis, thanks to the synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles called magnetosomes. It has been proposed to use magnetotaxis to artificially control the movement of these bacteria. This control must be preceded by an exhaustive characterization of its properties and therefore in this work the morphological and magnetic characteristics of the MTB Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 are described. The size and distribution of magnetosomes in the bacterium as well as its remanence and coercivity in different situations are analyzed.","Bakterio magnetotaktikoak (MTB) mikroorganismo prokariotoak dira, eremu magnetikoetan orientatu eta eremu lerroetan zehar igeri egiteko gai direnak, magnetosoma izeneko nanopartikula magnetikoen esker. Trebetasun honek magnetotaxi du izena. Bakterioen mugimendua modu artifizialean kontrolatzeko magnetotaxia erabiltzea proposatu da. Kontrol hau aplikatu aurretik, bakterioen propietateen karakterizazio zehatza egin behar da eta, horregatik, lan honetan MTB Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1en ezaugarri morfologikoak eta magnetikoak deskribatzen dira. Bakterioaren magnetosomen tamaina eta banaketa aztertzen dira, baita erremanentzia eta hertsagarritasuna ere hainbat egoeratan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23105,2017-07,"The use of biodegradable polymers in biomedicine is on the rise, and composites with loads or reinforcements are an ideal choice for implants, bone cements and drug delivery systems. The matrix of poly(ethylene brassylate) was reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals, in order to achieve a material with superior mechanical properties and higher thermal stability. The composite was characterized through calorimetries, tensile tests and thermogravimetries, so as to determine the effects of different load concentrations. It was found that the Young modulus grew up to a 20 % with just an addition of 2,5 % of nanocellulose; that the degradation started at a temperature of approximately 250 °C for every composite, instead of starting at 300 °C, as it did for the polymer; that there was no chemical interaction between the chains of the matrix and those of the reinforcement; and, that as the load increased, the polymer lost its ductility, and became rather brittle.","Polimero biodegradagarrien erabilera zabaltzen ari da, eta karga edo errefortzudun konpositeak aukera ezin hobeak dira inplante, hezur-zementu eta medikamentu askatze sistementzat. Propietate mekaniko hobeak eta egonkortasun termiko handiagoa duen material bat lortzearren, poly(ethylene brassylate)-aren matrizea zelulosa nanokristalekin sendotu zen. Kalorimetria, entsegu mekaniko eta termograbimetrien bidez karakterizatuz, karga kontzentrazio ezberdinen efektuak ikasi ziren. Honakoak bereizi ziren: modulu elastikoaren % 20-ko handipena % 2,5-eko nanozelulosa kargarekin, degradazio hasiera ematen den tenperaturaren jaitsiera 300 °C-tik 250 °C-ra kontzentrazio guztientzat, interakzio kimiko eza matrize eta errefortzuen kateen artean eta polimeroaren isurpen ahalmenaren galera kargaren gorakadarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54090,2021-11-25,"In a good education, values are fundamental, because only in this way do people really grow. Educating in values is necessary so that citizens can face challenges and committing themselves to the construction of a much more just, inclusive and intercultural society. The work that follows is dedicated to values. More specifically, about the values transmitted by the materials that boys and girls use daily at school. The main objective of the research has been, throughout all the work, to demonstrate the values transmitted by the materials that can be found in Early Childhood Education classrooms. To carry out this research, an investigation based on the qualitative method has been carried out: selection, observation and analysis of materials and evaluation. After an exhaustive analysis of all the materials and their verification with the theories of the authors, the main result is that, although a concern about the values that are transmitted has been detected, as far as the materials are concerned, this has not been detected. Of all the materials analyzed, more than half transmit negative values. Consequently, this study highlights the need to change the focus on values education.","Hezkuntza on batean balioak ezinbestekoak dira, pertsonak horrela baino ez baitira benetan hazten. Balioetan heztea beharrezkoa da erronka berriak bere gain hartu eta konpromiso aktiboa hartzeko gai diren herritarrak hezteko, mundu askoz bidezkoagoa, inklusiboagoa eta kulturartekoa eraikitzeko. Ondoren aurkezten den lana balioei buruzkoa da. Zehatzago izateko, haurrek egunero eskolan erabiltzen dituzten materialek transmititzen dituzten balioei buruzkoa. Honek, helburu nagusi bat izan du lan osoan zehar hari izan dena: gaur egungo Haur Hezkuntzako geletan aurki daitezkeen materialak zer balio transmititzen dituzten frogatzea. Ikerketa hau aurrera eramateko, metodo kualitatiboan oinarritutako ikerketa burutu da: materialak hautatu, behatu eta analizatu, eta azkenik, ebaluatuz. Material guztiak zehatz-mehatz aztertu eta egileen teoriekin egiaztatu ondoren, hauxe da lortu den emaitza nagusia: nahiz eta transmititzen diren balioekiko kezka antzeman den, materialei dagokienez, kezka hori ez da hauteman. Aztertu diren material guztietatik, erdiek baino gehiagok balio negatiboak transmititzen dituzte. Ondorioz, azterlan honek agerian uzten du ikuspuntua aldatu beharra dagoela balioetan oinarritutako hezkuntzan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29280,2018-10-23,"The purpose of using a gas turbine combined cycle (GTCC) in the power generation is to generate electric power at lower cost per kWh, higher efficiencies, with a reasonable investment per MW installed and a shorter payback, while minimizing the environmental impact. They can be arranged in different configurations, depending on the size of the installation, the purpose, the desired efficiencies, and the amount invested. The main issue held on by this project is carrying out a design and the sizing of a GTCC power plant with the sole purpose of generating electrical power.","Ziklo konbinatuko zentralaren erabileraren helburua energia elektrikoaren ekoizpena da, kostu txikiagoan kWh-rekin, eraginkortasun handiagoetan, MW-ko instalazioaren kostua murriztuz, amortizazio laburragoa lortuz, eta ingurumen-inpaktua minimizatuz. Konfigurazio ezberdinetan instalatu ahal izango dira, instalazioaren tamainaren, helburuaren, nahi den eraginkortasunaren eta inbertsioaren arabera. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia ziklo konbinatuko zentralaren diseinua eta tamaina egokitzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72604,2025-02-10,"Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, characterized by the destruction of myelin, which interferes with communication between the brain and the body. This autoimmune condition of unknown cause and with variable symptoms, such as vision problems, muscle weakness, fatigue, and cognitive problems, mostly affects young people. It is a disease that progresses gradually, especially in women between 20-40 years old, with a variable and unpredictable course, and that currently has no curative treatment. One of the most significant problems of patients is the physical disability they suffer, as MS causes musculoskeletal deterioration, loss of tone and weakness, which increases immobility, causes pain and reduces quality of life. Therefore, it is essential to highlight the importance of physical activity in these patients to delay the progression of this disease and improve their quality of life. The purpose of this work is to carry out a literature review on the disease and the possible effects of physical exercise in people who suffer from it, and to propose a physical exercise programme taking into account the current scientific evidence which includes recommendations, among others, of the frequency, time and type of activity to be carried out, always adapting the programme to the individual needs of each patient.","Esklerosi anizkoitza (EA) nerbio-sistema zentraleko gaixotasun kroniko bat da, mielina suntsitzen duena, eta horrek garunaren eta gorputzaren arteko komunikazioa eragozten du. Kausa ezezaguneko gaixotasun auto immune horrek, sintoma aldakorrekin, hala nola ikusmen-arazoekin, muskulu-ahuleziarekin, nekearekin eta arazo kognitiboekin, batez ere, gazteei eragiten die. Pixkanaka aurrera egiten duen gaixotasuna da, batez ere 20-40 urte bitarteko emakumeetan, bilakaera aldakorra eta aurreikusi ezina duena, eta gaur egun sendatzeko tratamendurik ez duena. Pazienteen arazo garrantzitsuenetako bat ezintasun fisikoa da, izan ere, EAk narriadura osteomuskularra, tonu-galera eta ahultasuna eragiten ditu, eta horrek mugiezintasuna areagotzen du, mina eragiten du eta bizi-kalitatea murrizten du. Horregatik, funtsezkoa da paziente horien jarduera fisikoaren garrantzia azpimarratzea, gaixotasun horren bilakaera atzeratzeko eta bizi-kalitatea hobetzeko. Lan honen helburua da gaixotasunari eta ariketa fisikoak gaixoengan izan ditzakeen efektuei buruzko berrikuspen bibliografiko bat egitea, eta ariketa fisikoaren programa bat proposatzea, egungo ebidentzia zientifikoa kontuan hartuta. Bertan, besteak beste, egin beharreko maiztasunari, denborari eta jarduera motari buruzko gomendioak jasotzen dira, betiere programa paziente bakoitzaren behar indibidualetara egokituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41449,2020,"The present work is a collection of solved exam problems, corresponding to the subject of Management of Resources and Hydraulic Facilities, taught in the Civil Engineering Grade of the Bilbao Engineering Faculty. The book not only includes the resolutions of the proposed problems, but also introduces some basic concepts to understand them. Based on the discipline topics, the collection has been divided into six chapters. The first two are related to the understanding of water or resource, since they are based on the oods generated by storms and their routing. The next three develop the hydraulic works needed to manage the resource. The latter develops concepts relating to hydropower plants.","Liburu hau Baliabide eta Instalazio Hidraulikoen Kudeaketa ikasgaiko ariketa ebatzien bilduma da, hain zuzen ere, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan ematen den Ingeniaritza Zibileko Graduaren hirugarren mailan irakasten den ikasgaikoa. Liburuan ez da soilik proposatutako ariketak nola ebazten diren azaltzen, baizik eta horiek ulertzeko beharrezko diren oinarrizko kontzeptu batzuk ere azaltzen dira. Ikasgaiko gaiak kontuan hartuta, ariketa sorta sei kapitulutan dago banatua. Lehen bi kapituluek uraren edo baliabidearen ezagutzarekin dute lotura, ekaitzek sortutako uraldiak eta horien iragatea baitituzte oinarri. Hurrengo hiru kapituluek obra hidraulikoak lantzen dituzte, baliabidea kudeatzeko ezinbestekoak. Azken kapituluak zentral hidroelektrikoekin lotura duten kontzeptuak jorratzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25474,1997,"In the society of the third millennium the criminological Science has a significant importance and it is become a social demand. University, and concretely the Basque Institut of Criminology, will carry out one of its functions, as the opening to society, to the constant dialog with it, will assist to Public Powers, will help to disadvantaged people, and will be implicated in the peace process and in the commitment of human rights’ respect.","Hirugarren milaurtekoaren gizarte honetan, kriminologikoak funtsezko garrantzia du eta gizartearen eskakizun bihurtzen da. Unibertsitateak, eta zehatzago, Kriminologiaren Euskal Institutuak, dagozkion obligazioetako bat beteko dute, hau da, gizarteari ateak irekitzea, horrekiko eten gabeko eztabaidari ekitea, Herri Botereei laguntza ematea, kalterik gehien jasotzen duten pertsonei laguntzea eta, oro har, bakearen eta giza eskubideen begirunerako konpromisoan murgilduko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14428,2015-02-17,"In this study, first of all, we have studied how SIW technology works. After broadening the knowledge on similar microwave technologies like microstrip, waveguide or other similar transmission lines, we have learned how to compare and to establish equivalences with SIW technology. Then, using HFSS simulation tool, we have designed and simulated SIW antennas of different properties and sizes, and we analyzed the results, including radiation diagrams and S parameters. Finally, these results have been interpreted to reach a conclusion. In this report we explained SIW technology benefits over its predecessors, all steps to make the designs and the interpretation of results. As well we explained different phases in this job and the budget.","Lan honetan, lehenik eta behin, SIW teknologiaren funtzionamendua ikasi dugu. Ondoren, eta gaur egun ezagunagoak diren antzeko mikrouhinetako teknologiei (microstrip, uhin gida edo antzerako transmisio lerroak) buruzko jakintza handitu ostean, hauen eta SIW teknologiaren arteko baliokidetasuna nola lortu ikasi dugu. HFSS simulazio-tresnarekin SIW teknologiadun antena ezberdinak diseinatu eta simulatu ditugu (propietate nahiz tamaina ezberdinekoak) eta hauen emaitzak aztertu, besteak beste bere erradiazio diagrama eta S parametroak. Azkenik emaitza hauek interpretatu, eta ondorio bat lortu dugu. SIW teknologiak besteekiko dituen abantailaz gain, diseinu hauek aurrera eramateko bete ditugun pausuak eta simulazio emaitzetatik lortutako interpretazioak ondorengo memoria honetan azalduko ditugu, baita lan honek izan dituen fase ezberdinak eta lan hau aurrera ateratzearen aurrekontua ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21530,2017-05-16,"The first step of this work has been the study of the different classifications of voices, currently available. Then, and once the best classification and the qualifiers that best suit our needs have been chosen, we proceed to evaluate the available synthetic voices according to these qualifiers. In order to do the best and most exact evaluation, a web test has been created, using as evaluators normal people who are potential users of Zure TTS. Finally, after the evaluation, the results obtained have been analyzed. A graph has been created for each synthetic voice representing the values it has obtained in the test and with all the values obtained a catalogue with all the usable voices has been built. Apart from this, new voices have been added to the catalog with the intention of improving it.","Lan honetan, lehenik eta behin, gaur egun erabiltzen diren ahots sailkapen ezberdinen ikasketa egin da. Ondoren, eta gure ahots katalogoari ondoen zetorkion sailkapena eta honek erabiltzen dituen kalifikatzaileak aukeratuta, ahots sintetiko bakoitzari kalifikatzaile hauekiko balio batzuk eman zaizkio. Kalifikazio hauek ahalik eta onenak eta zehatzenak izan asmoz, web bidezko test ireki bat egin da, erabiltzaile arrutak izan daitezkeen pertsonen modukoak ebaluatzaile bezala jarrita. Azkenik, ebaluaketa guztiak egin ostean, emaitzen interpretazio bat egin da. Ahots sintetiko bakoitzari bere kalifikazioak adierazten dituen grafiko bat egin zaio eta lortutako balio guztiekin ahots erabilgarri guztiak biltzen dituen katalogoa osatu da. Hau guztia egiteaz gain, ahots katalogoa handitu asmoz mota ezberdineko ahotsak gehitu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37076,2019-12-19,"In the present End of Degree Project, a study of the implementation of a wind farm is carried out. The purpose consists basically of the cooperation with the environmental plan and objectives established by the government for next years, taking of the use of renewable energies. For selecting the suitable location, someaspects have been kept in mind: wind potential of some places; the present occupation of them by wind farms trying to get a well-balanced installation; accessibility of those sites, etc. All of them have been obtained thanks to previous studies done by IDAE (Instituto para la Diversificación y ahorro de la Energía)and the analysis done based on them. Once the location has been obtained, there has been proceeding with the definition of its wind potential by different tools. For it, from Ventusky web application, and based on a 15-months-period, it has been possible to stablish the averages, mean directions, the velocity curve, the wind rose, Weibull distribution... Then, analyzing all the alternatives set out, both the selection of the wind turbine and the design of the wind farm have been done, according to characteristics of the place and type of wind on it. Last, after it all, an approximation of the annual generation have been calculated. Finally, an environmental impact study and an economic viability study have determined the possibility of real execution.","Amaierako Lan honen bidez Espainian kokatuko den parke eoliko baten inplementaziorako egindako ikasketa aurkeztuko da. Bere helburu nagusia,gobernuak hurrengo urteetarako ezarritako ingurumen-plan eta mugekin elkarlanean aritzea da, energia berriztagarrien erabilera sustatuz. Kokalekuaren hautaketarako zenbait alderdi hartu dira kontuan: gune desberdinetan dagoen potentzialtasun eolikoa; egungo betetzea, estatuan zehar instalazio orekatu bat lortzea saiatuz; izan litezkeen guneen irisgarritasuna, etab. IDAEk aldez aurretik burututako azterketei eta hauetan oinarritutako analisiei esker lortu dira aurreko guztiak. Behin kokalekua aukeratu den, bere potentziala definitu da zenbait erreminten bidez: horretarako, Ventusky web aplikazioak eskaintzen dituen datuetan eta 15 hilabeteko denbora tartean oinarrituz, batez bestekoabiadurak, norabide nagusiak, haize arroza, abiadura kurba, Weibull-en distribuzioa lortzea posible izan da. Ostean, eta zenbait alternatiba aztertuz, bai aerosorgailuaren hautaketa bai parkearen diseinua burutu dira. Azkenik, aurreko guztiari esker, parkeak urtero sortuko duen energia kantitatearen lehen hurbilketa amaitu da. Amaitzeko, ingurumen inpaktuaren azterketak eta bideragarritasun ekonomikoaren azterketak proiektuaren benetako gauzatzea zehaztu dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23312,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to develop a new method in order to determine the activity of Cs-137 in drinking water in a faster and easier way than the actual one done in the LMBA. Before that, it is necessary to make some tests with the purpose of studying the viability of this new method.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia uretan egon daitekeen Cs-137aren aktibitatea determinatuko duen filtrazio bidezko metodo berri baten garapena da, orain LMBA-an erabiltzen den metodoa baino azkarragoa eta errazagoa izango dena. Horretarako, metodo berri honen bideragarritasuna aztertzeko beharrezkoa izango da aurretiz zenbait entsegu egitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59506,2023-01-25,"Quantum computing is an area of computing that is currently still being studied and developed but one which promises great advances and innovations. This is because these systems are theoretically capable of storing many more states of information than their classic counterparts and of operating with much more efficiently with certain types of algorithms. This project focuses on testing different applications to see if the expected results are achieved. To this end, firstly, theoretical basis of quantum computing and some of its case study applications are studied. After that, the environments or infrastructures that current companies make available to users through cloud computing environments are analyzed. Of these systems, after deciding to work with the IBM Q online platform, a more in-depth analysis is made of it by observing the systems it offers, its functionalities and its Qiskit software development kit. Using the tools offered by IBM Q and Qiskit, several applications are tested: a quantum algorithm that promises to offer a quadratic speedup over a classical algorithm and some applications from the areas of machine learning, problem optimization and finance. Finally, tests are conducted to assess the performance and usability of the applications, the results obtained and execution times, which indicates that real quantum computers of the IBM platform provide significantly higher execution times than their simulators. Several improvements or extensions that could be made in future work are also proposed.","Konputazio kuantikoa gaur egun aztertzen eta garatzen jarraitzen den baina aldaketa handiak agintzen dituen informatikaren arlo bat da. Izan ere, teorikoki sistema hauek konputazio arruntean baino askoz informazio egoera gehiago gordetzeko eta algoritmo eraginkorragoekin jarduteko gai dira. Honenbestez, proiektu honen helburua espero diren emaitzak benetan lortzen diren egiaztatzeko aplikazio desberdinekin probak egitea da. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, konputazio kuantikoaren oinarri teorikoak eta zein aplikaziotan erabil daitekeen aztertzen da. Ondoren, gaur egungo enpresek hodei konputazioaren bidez teknologia honekin lan egin ahal izateko erabiltzaileen eskura jartzen dituzten inguruneak edo azpiegiturak aztertzen dira. Aztertutako sistemetatik, IBM enpresaren IBM Q online plataformarekin lan egitea erabaki ondoren, sistema honen azterketa sakonagoa egiten da, eskaintzen dituen sistemak, funtzionaltasunak eta Qiskit izeneko software grapen-kita behatuz. IBM Qk eta Qiskitek eskainitako tresnak erabiliz, hainbat aplikazio probatuko dira: algoritmo arrunt batekin konparatuz denboran zehar hobekuntza koadratikoa eskaintzen duen algoritmo kuantiko bat eta ikasketa automatiko, optimizazio arazo eta finantzen arloetako aplikazioak. Azkenik, aplikazioen erabilgarritasuna, lortutako emaitzak eta gauzatze-denborak behatzeko egindako probak aztertzen dira. Proba hauek, IBM plataformako benetako ordenagailu kuantikoek, simulagailuek baino exekuzio-denbora handiagoak dituztela adierazten dute. Horrez gain, etorkizunerako lanetan egin litezkeen hainbat hobekuntza edo gehikuntza ere proposatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24258,2017-09,"The objective of this project is the study, development and evaluation of a photovoltaic system in order to feed a single-family home located in the province of Vizcaya, specifically in the village of Getxo. The project will be carried out mainly by the PVsyst program, but it will be also helped by Excel calculations and taking data from different official sources.","Proiektu honen helburua Bizkaiko probintzian, zehazki Getxo herrialdean, kokatuta dagoen familiako etxe baten elektriko-elikadura mantentzeko sistema fotoboltaiko baten ikerketa, garapena eta ebaluazioa da. Bere garapena PVsyst programaren bitartez egingo da nagusiki, Excel orriz lagunduta eta iturri ofizial desberdinetatik datuak jasoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59972,2023-02-20,"Learning content through a second language is a challenging task for students and teachers. Information and communication technologies such as Augmented Reality (AR) provide means to facilitate learning. The main goal of this work is to assess the effectiveness of AR to teach Social Science in a Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) context in Primary Education. Additionally, students' use of technologies and students' and teachers' opinions about AR as a teaching tool are analysed. The results indicate that AR fostered learning in most of the activities and that both students and teachers supported the use of technology.","Edukiak bigarren hizkuntza baten bidez ikastea erronka handia da ikasleentzat eta irakasleentzat. Informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologiek, hala nola errealitate areagotuak (EA), zeregin hori errazten dute. Lan honen helburu nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako Atzerriko hizkuntzen eta edukien ikasketa integratuaren (CLIL) testuinguruan EAren eraginkortasuna ebaluatzea da. Horrez gain, ikasleek teknologien inguruan egiten duten erabilera eta ikasleek eta irakasleek EA irakaskuntza-tresna gisa erabiltzeari buruz dituzten iritziak aztertu dira. Emaitzek adierazten dute ikasleek hobekuntza nabarmena egin dutela jarduera gehienetan, eta bi taldeak ikasgelan teknologia erabiltzearen alde agertu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16521,2015-12-18,"In this Project of Final Grade the performance of LDM (Layered Division Multiplexing) for digital terrestrial broadcasting in cases of fixed or portable reception is studied. To do so, a software program is adapted, in order to recreate, as faithfully as possible, the physical layer of the LDM system. This program consists of several parameters that determinate the operation characteristics of the system. Once adapted, the program is used to simulate the performance of the system at different work environments or channels (Gauss, Rice and Rayleigh), getting results which allow us to evaluate the features of the system in each environment.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, LDMren (Layered Division Multiplexing) portaera aztertzen da lurreko irrati-difusio digitalaren errezepzio finko eta eramangarrirako. Horretarako, programa bat egokitzen da, modu ahalik eta zehatzenean, LDM sistemaren maila fisikoa islatzen duena. Programa honek, hainbat parametro ditu sistemaren funtzionamenduaren ezaugarriak determinatzen dituenak. Behin egokituta, sistema kanal (Gauss, Rice eta Rayleigh) edo lan-ingurune ezberdinetan duen portaera simulatzeko erabiltzen da programa, sistemaren ezaugarriak ingurune bakoitzean ebaluatzea ahalbidetzen duten emaitzak lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16500,2015-12-17,"The aim of this project is to study the performance of the LTE technology in an urban scenario. To achieve this goal, OMNeT++ and SUMO softwares are integrated so that they work together to simulate the route of a single vehicle, or many of them, that maintain ongoing LTE connections with a connection point, measuring that way meaningful parameters such as packet loss or delay. The obtained outcome will help to determinate an optimal distribution of the LTE infrastructures while minimum QoS is guaranteed. With the obtained results, LTE technology's limits will be studied and those limits that guarantee a minimum QoS for the end user identified.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia hirigune batean LTE teknologiaren errendimendua aztertzea da. Hau lortzeko, OMNeT++ eta SUMO softwareak batera lan egiteko integratu dira; horrela, konexio-puntu batekin LTE komunikazio bat abian duen ibilgailu baten edo gehiagoren ibilbideak simulatzen dira, atzerapena edo pakete-galera bezalako parametro esanguratsuak neurtzeko. Lortutako emaitzen laguntzaz, LTE teknologiaren kapazitatearen mugak aztertuko dira, erabiltzaileei QoS minimoa bermatzen diotenak zehaztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25510,1997,"In Colombia, in the last years, the terrorism has had the civil unarmed population as its principal victim. The state’s response to this phenomenon has been produced fundamentally by the penal traditional Law, that is unware of human dimension of the victims and delinquent and reacts with absolutely inefficient measures. The penal system must try to attend to the victims and to avoid the marginalism, understanding as such not only to the subject damaged by all those offences but also people who are victimiced.","Colombian, azken urte hauetan, terrorismoaren biktimarik nagusiena armarik ez duen gizarte zibila izan da. Estatuak fenomeno honi eman dion erantzuna, funtsean, Ohiko Zigor Zuzenbidezkoa izan da, beraz, albora utzi du biktimen eta delitugileen gizaki-izaria eta eraginkortasunik ez duten neurriak aplikatu ditu. Zigor sistemak biktimak laguntzeko behar du izan, horien bazterkeria saihestuz; kontuan har bedi biktima bakarra ez dela delituaren subjektu pasiboa, biktimizatu egiten diren pertsona guztiak ere badirelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17643,2016-03-16,"Although these last years the knowledge about euskera is rising up, the use of it is decreasing both in scholar and social fields. In this project, I have worked in an investigation about the utilization of the language in a classroom of Pre-school Education of kids with 5 years old from D model and I have analyzed the parameters which can concern this use. So I have prepared some questions based on a project called ARRUE for professors, kids and parents of these kids. Furthermore, I have made some analysis about the use of the language in different situations (inside and outside the classroom with the professor, inside the classroom with the classmates doing some exercises, inside the classroom with the classmates in their free time or in the break time with the classmates) and this way, with all of this information, try to find some solutions to encourage the use of the euskera.","Azken urteetan euskararen ezagutza handiagotzen ari bada ere, erabilera gero eta murritzagoa da bai gizartean, bai eskolan. Lan honetan, D ereduko eskola bateko Haur Hezkuntzako 5 urteko gelako hizkuntza-erabilera ikertu da eta erabilera horretan eragin ditzaketen aldagaiak aztertu dira. Horretarako, ikasleei, irakasleari eta haurren familiei ARRUE proiektuan oinarrituriko zenbait galdetegi pasatu zaizkie. Horrez gain, haurren hizkuntza-erabilera neurtzeko behaketak ere egin dira egoera ezberdinetan (gela barruan eta gelatik kanpo irakasleekin, gela barruan ikaskideekin lanak burutzen, gela barruan ikaskideekin jolas librean eta jolastorduan ikaskideekin), informazio horiez baliatuz euskararen erabilera handitzeko neurriak hartu daitezen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19642,2016-11-29,"Distributed energy resources generate interfering signals and electrical noise that may have severe influence on the Smart Grids communications over Power Line Communications, as they can generate interfering signals and high level electric noise that can cause loss of metering and control data. The main object of this project was to create an application that characterizes those noise levels, in order to describe and analyze the influence of the power generated by distributed energy resources on Narrowband Power Line Communications through several test measurements. Results achieved in the application show the origin of these perturbations and may help to address a future solution to these communication disturbances.","Sare banatuek interferentziak eta zarata elektrikoa sortzen dute, zeinek Smart Grid-etan Power Line Communications erabiliz egiten diren komunikazioetan eragina daukaten, interferentziek edota zarata maila altuek kontrolerako zein neurketetarako datuen galera suposa bait dezakete. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia zarata maila horien karakterizazioa burutzeko aplikazio bat sortzea izan da, berorien eragina sare banatuen banda estuko komunikazioetan aztertzeko eta deskribatzeko asmoz, komunikazio hauek Power Line Communications teknologia erabiliz egiten direlarik. Horretarako zenbait froga-neurketa egin dira eta euren analisia burutu da ere. Lortutako emaitzek perturbazio hauen iturria erakusten dute eta lagungarriak izan daitezke etorkizun baten ebazpen bat lortzeko komunikazioen gorabehera hauetarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69074,2024-07-29,"The global market share of renewable electricity generation increased at an average compound rate of 15% between 2015 and 2020 and 348 GW in 2022 alone, which could result in a renewable share of 45% in energy generation by 2030 if the current trend continues. Therefore, action is required to reduce the number of suboptimal solutions resulting from the accelerated adoption rate,while ensuring the continued exponential growth. A novel approach to streamline the workflow in residential solar installation design processes through the development of a digital tool is proposed. The solution istructured into two layers. The first layer comprises a Simulink model of the most prevalent solar technologies, namely Photovoltaic (PV), Solar Thermal (ST) and Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT). The second layer contains an economic analysis tool developed in MATLAB. The initial model performs a transient simulation of the solar installation over the course of a year, considering generic clientprovided inputs, such as the available surface area, energy consumption, solar panel model, location and ambient conditions, and then extrapolates for the lifespan of the system. Subsequent to this, the second layer utilises the outputs from the Simulink model to conduct an economic analysis, identifying the key economic parameters of the installation with the objective of determining the optimal technical parameters, such as collector area, storage size and solar share,among others. A case study was conducted on a Swedish residential building with limited roof area, utilising the developed tool, with a changing number of installed solar panels. The electric and thermal effective efficiencies varied from 9.2% to 10.9% and from 20.2% to 51.8% for PV and ST systems,respectively,depending on the number of panels in the installation. For PVT systems, the effective electric, thermal and total efficiencies varied from 9.0% to 11.5%,17.2% to 43.7%, and 26.3% to 55.2%,respectively. A Net Present Value (NPV) analysis indicated that the optimal installation comprised 70 PV panels and 30 ST panels, resulting in an NPV of €117 888.","Elektrizitate berriztagarriaren sorkuntzaren munduko merkatu-kuotaren %15eko batez besteko tasa konposatura igo zen 2015 eta 2020 bitartean, eta 348 GW 2022an bakarrik. Horrek esan nahi du 2030ean energia-sorkuntzan %45eko kuota berriztagarria izan daitekeela, egungo joerak bere horretan jarraitzen badu. Beraz, neurriak hartu behar dira adopzio-tasa azeleratuaren ondorioz lortzen diren disoluzio suboptimoen kopurua murrizteko, eta, aldi berean, hazkunde esponentzialaren jarraitutasuna bermatuko da. Etxeko eguzki-instalazioen diseinu-prozesuetan lan-fluxua optimizatzeko ikuspegi berri bat proposatzen da, tresna digital bat garatuz. Soluzio hori bi geruzatan egituratuta dago. Lehenengoa, eguzki-teknologia nagusien eredu bat da:fotoboltaikoa (PV), eguzki-energia termikoa (ST) eta fotoboltaikoa termikoa (PVT) Simulink-en. Bigarren geruzak, MATLABen garatutako analisi ekonomikorako tresna bat du. Hasierako ereduak eguzki-instalazioaren simulazio iragankor bat egiten du urtebetean, bezeroak instalazioaren kondizio generikoak —hala nola azalera erabilgarria, energia-kontsumoa, eguzkipanelaren eredua, kokapena eta ingurumen-baldintzak— kontuan hartuta, eta,gero, sistemaren bizitza erabilgarrira estrapolatzen du. Ondoren, bigarren geruzak eredu iragankorraren emaitzak erabiltzen ditu analisi ekonomiko bat egiteko, eta instalazioaren funtsezko parametro ekonomikoak identifikatzen ditu parametro tekniko egokienak zehazteko, hala nola kolektorearen azalera,biltegiratzearen tamaina eta eguzki-parte-hartzea, besteak beste. Sabai-eremu mugatuko bizitegi-eraikin suediar batean azterketa praktikoa egin zen,garatutako tresna erabiliz, eta instalatutako eguzki-panelen kopurua aldatu egin zen. Eraginkortasun elektriko eta termiko eraginkorra %9,2tik %10,9ra eta %20,2tik %51,8ra bitartekoa izan zen sistema fotoboltaikoetan eta STetan,hurrenez hurren, instalazioko panel-kopuruaren arabera. PVT sistemetarako,eraginkortasun elektriko, termiko eta guztizko eraginkorrak % 9,0tik %11,5era, % 17,2tik % 43,7ra eta % 26,3tik % 55,2ra, hurrenez hurren. Egungo balio garbiaren (VAN) azterketa batek adierazi zuen instalazio optimoak 70 panel fotovoltaiko eta 30 ST panel zituela, eta 117 888 €-ko VAN bat zela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/56642,2021,"The consideration of the 1834 cholera in Vitoria as a minor epidemic, derived from the deficient official count, contrasts with its role in the effective introduction of the potato into the urban diet. An accounting using sacramental registers is proposed as an alternative to determine its actual scope. Compared to the 62 official deaths between August and November, 142 sacramental deaths are counted above the average for the decade. It can be concluded that the official count only accounts for a small fraction of those affected, probably because of an economic interest, and is not representative of the real incidence of cholera. The attributable mortality would be at least twice the official figures, and could even be triple times higher, as the change in the mortality trend suggests an onset at the end of June, and not in August when it was declared.","Gasteizen 1834ko kolera epidemia txikiago bezala hartzea, zenbaketa ofizial eskasaren ondorioz, ez dator bat patata hiriko dietan eraginkortasunez sartzeko izan zuen zereginarekin. Sakramentu-erregistroen bidezko kontabilitate alternatibo bat proposatzen da, haien benetako irismena zehazteko. Abuztua eta azaroaren bitartean 62 hildako ofizialen aurrean, 142 heriotza sakramentatu zenbatu dira bere hamarkadaren batez bestekoaren gainetik. Ondorioztatzen da zenbaketa ofizialean soilik kaltetuen zati txiki bat zenbatzen dela, seguruenik interes ekonomikoak zirela eta, ez adierazten koleraren benetako irismena. Egotz daitekeen hilkortasuna zifra ofizialen bikoitza izango litzateke, baita hirukoitza ere; izan ere, hilkortasunaren joera aldatzeak epidemiaren hasiera ekainaren bukarean iradokitzen du, eta ez abuztuan, deklaratzen denean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59979,2023-02-20,"The importance of emotions in our lives is enormous, and learning how to regulate them well from childhood onwards is vital. In this Final Degree Project, four year old children’s capacity for emotional regulation has been measured, and an educational intervention has been carried out to improve it. For this purpose, a scale has been used to measure both emotional regulation and emotion lability/negativity, and based on the results, an educational intervention has been designed and applied. The objective of this intervention was to train 15 children in emotional regulation skills. As a result of the intervention, a slight improvement has been observed, so we conclude the importance of the intervention in emotional regulation in early childhood.","Emozioek gure bizitzan duten garrantzia izugarrizkoa da, eta hauek txikitatik ondo erregulatzen ikastea berebizikoa da. Horregatik, GrAL honetan lau urteko haurren erregulazio emozionalerako gaitasuna neurtu da, erregulazio emozionalerako eta emozioen labilitate/negatibitate eskalak erabiliz. Emaitzak ikusiz hezkuntza esku-hartze bat prestatu egin da, honen helburua erregulazio emozionalerako gaitasunetan trebatzea izanda, eta 15 haurrek parte-hartu dute. Esku-hartzea eta gero, hobekuntza txiki bat ikusi da, eta honekin hezkuntza goiztiarreko emozioen erregulazioan esku-hartzeak duen garrantzia ondorioztatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30296,2018-12-12,"The aim of the following Undergraduate Degree Project, is to hydrodynamically design and optimize a hydrofoil for surfing. The hydrofoil is a system of increasing use and interest; therefore, a complete study of the design has been made, both conceptual and the mechanical and hydrodynamic resistance. Through SolidWorks, a new 3D design has been suggested introducing a new biomimetic geometry. Besides, it has been proven by Finite Elements that the structural strength of the carbon fiber design is adequate. Lastly, it is worth mentioning the improvement of the 30% of the hydrodynamic performance that has been achieved by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics. In short, the suggested new design is suitable for the practice of the surfoil and may be subjected to future trials with the manufacturing of prototypes.","Gradu amaierako lan hau, Itsasketa gradua lortzeko burutua izan da. Horretarako, hydrofoil bat diseinatu eta hidrodinamikoki hobetua izan da. Hydrofoilak geroz eta ezagutuagoak eta desiratuak dira surf munduan, horregatik diseinuaren azterketa oso bate gin da. Alde batetik, erresistentzia mekanikoa aztertuz eta bestetik hidrodinamika aztertuz. SolidWorks programa erabiliz 3D diseinua burutu da, biomimetika aplikatuz. Era berean, elementu finituen bidez konprobatu egin da, karbono zuntza nahikoa dela egituraren tinkotasuna mantentzeko. Eta azkenik Fluidodinamika konputazionala erabiliz, hydrofoilaren errendimendua %30-ean hobetu egin da. Laburtuz, Hydrofoilaren diseinu berria aproposa da surf-a praktikatzeko eta prototipoak lantzeko eta hauekin entseiuak egiteko prest dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25363,1999,"This work is an homage to Saint Ignatius of Loyola from the perspective of a judge because he knew to achieve the true justice as a real ideal thing of cohabitation through his daily duty conforming with social reality to manage his positive transfomration. The Law, that allways must be social harmony, peace builded from the balance, by the justice, receives at the fifth centenary the great lesson from Saint Ignatius of Loyola.","Lan honetan, Epaile baten ikuspegitik, Loiolako San Ignaziori omenaldi bat eginen zaio, berak gizartearen errealitatean finkatu eta bere gain eraldaketa positiboa lortzeko benetako justizia egiten jakin zuelako. Gizartearen armonia, oreka gain lortutako bakea eta justizia izan behar duen Zuzenbideak, bostgarren Mendeurrenean Loiolako San Ignazioren lekzio bat jasotzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60259,2023-03-06,"Within the Basque Country, immigration has increased significantly in the past few decades and interculturality, therefore, as well. In this context and setting emotional education as our base, developing cultural identity and cross-identity in the Primary Education stage will help students identify their own identity, while learning to self-respect, accept and value the culture(s) acquired from their families and society. As a means to achieve this end, this report will set out a didactic proposal to work on cultural identity, basing all the contents on emotional education. This didactic proposal will help to analyse all the emotions felt and their cause. Thus, it will help the students in the second cycle of Primary School to know their own crossed identity. In order to contextualize the topic, the theoretical basis of identity, emotional education, emotional skills and psychological development","Euskadi mailan etorkin kopurua nabarmen handitu izan da azken hamarkadetan eta kultura-artekotasuna, beraz, nabari da. Hezkuntza emozionalean oinarrituta, ikasleek txikitatik identitate kulturala eta identitate gurutzatua lantzeak norberak bere nortasuna identifikatzeaz gain, bere burua errespetatzen ikasiko du, familiarengandik eta gizartetik hartutako kultura(k) onartuz eta hura/haiek balioetsiz. Horretarako, hezkuntza emozionala oinarri, identitate kulturala lantzeko proposamen didaktiko bat azalduko da, norbanakoaren jatorritik hasita, gaur egun arte. Uneoro dauden emozioak eta haien zergatia aztertzen lagunduko duen proposamen didaktiko honek Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko ikasleei nortasun gurutzatua ezagutzen lagunduko die. Gaia testuinguruan jartzeko asmoz, identitatearen, hezkuntza eta konpetentzia emozionalen eta garapen psikologikoaren oinarri teorikoan argituko dira. Dena den, txosten honen xede nagusia proposamen didaktikoa bera da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24241,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to design a computer program to control the Delta robot. This gadget is formed by an arm, which is capable to hold small cubes using a pin. In the scene, there will be cubes of different colours orderlessly placed in which will simulate an industrial store. The robot will take them one by one, and after approximating them to a camera, it will classify them by colours into different boxes. For this to happen, it is necessary to design a program that can identify the colour of the cube using Lab View, and another one to control the movements of the robot, using Sysmac Studio.","Proiektu honen helburua Delta errobota kontrolatzeko programa diseinatzea da. Errobota beso batez osatuta dago, muturrean duen pintzaren bidez kubo txikiak hartzeko gai dena. Eszenatokian kolore ezberdinetako kuboak ordenik gabe kokatuta egongo dira, biltegi industrial bat simulatuz. Errobotak banan-banan hartuko ditu, eta kamerara hurbildu ondoren, koloreka kutxa ezberdinetan sailkatuko ditu. Hau posible izateko, beharrezkoa da Lab View erabiliz kuboen koloreak identifikatzeko gai den programa bat diseinatzea, eta baita Sysmac Studio erabiliz errobotaren mugimenduak kontrolatzen dituen beste programa bat ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69475,2024-07,"This paper focuses on the instruction and integration of new and low-achieving students in the English class. For that, four schools in the Basque Autonomous Community were observed, five teachers were interviewed and a proposal for one school was designed. The objective of this study was to see how these students were helped and integrated in English and to find what should be done to achieve inclusion. The results indicate that these students are not helped and integrated effectively, and that schools should promote cooperative teamwork, interactive groups and tutored libraries to achieve those objectives.","Lan honek ikasle berriak eta errendimendu txikikoak ingeleseko klaseetan integratzea eta horiei modu egokian irakastea du ardatz. Horretarako, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko lau eskola behatu, bost irakasle elkarrizketatu eta eskola baterako proposamen bat diseinatu zen. Ikerketa honen helburua ikasle horiek ingelesean nola laguntzen eta integratzen ziren ikustea eta inklusioa lortzeko zer egin behar den aurkitzea izan zen. Emaitzek erakusten dute ikasle horiei ez zaiela modu eraginkorrean laguntzen eta integrarazten, eta eskolek talde-lan kooperatiboa, talde interaktiboak eta tutoretzapeko liburutegiak sustatu beharko lituzketela helburu horiek lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36526,2019-11-27,"This document will describe the design of an industrial piece. Concretely it is a mold for the injection of plastics, with which the Spinner will be manufactured, a toy very demanded in the last years. On the one hand, the design of the mold will be carried out, using drawings made with CAD tools, based on the results obtained in a simulation process of plastic injection. This simulation will provide an idea of what the optimal mold design will be. On the other hand, the manufacturing process of the mold will be designed, performing an analysis of its geometry and designing a process sheet of the machining operations that will be necessary to obtain it. For this purpose, a series of cutting tools will be chosen according to these operations. Once the process sheet is finished, the CNC program will be done to carry out the machining of the mold.","Dokumentu honek industria-pieza baten diseinua deskribatuko du. Plastikozko injekzioetarako molde bat da, Spinner jostailua fabrikatuko duena, azken urteotan eskaera handia izan duen pieza. Alde batetik, moldearen diseinua burutuko da, CAD tresnez egindako marrazkiekin, plastikozko injekzioaren simulazio prozesuan lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituta. Simulazio honek moldearen diseinu optimoa zein izango den argituko du. Bestalde, moldearen fabrikazioa diseinatuko da, bere geometria aztertuz eta horretarako beharrezkoak diren mekanizazio-eragiketen prozesu orri bat diseinatuz. Horretarako, ebakuntza-erreminta batzuk aukeratuko dira eragiketa horien arabera. Prozesu orria amaitzean, CNCaren programa burutuko da, moldea mekanizatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50988,2021-04-15,"In the darkness of time the first stories of history are lost. But we know that these have been told by word of mouth and that they have become a transport of values. However, due to the evolution of society, these values have changed year after year. That is why stories have undergone numerous rewrites. There is no doubt that one of these changes has been given by the progress made in recent decades in the field of women's equality, which has forced both governments and the media to change their patriarchal discourse. This Final Degree Project comes to analyze whether stories are the reflection of that society that struggles to change the gender perspective. Therefore, the Children and Youth literature used in schools today from the point of view of gender equality will be analyzed.","Denboraren iluntasunean galtzen dira historiako lehenengo ipuin zaharrak. Baina badakigu hauek ahoz aho kontatuak izan direla, eta balioen garraiotzat baliatu direla. Hala ere, urtez urte, gizartearen garapenaren ondorioz, balioak aldatu izan dira. Horren ondorioz, ipuinek ere moldaketak jasan behar izan dituzte. Dudarik ez dago, aldaketa horietako bat emakumeak berdintasunaren eremuan azken hamarkadetan emandako aurrerapauso handiak izan direla, eta horiekin batera, gobernuek eta komunikabideek euren diskurtso patriarkala aldatu behar izan dutela. Gradu Amaierako Lan hau, gizarteak aldarazi nahi duen genero ikuspegia ipuinetan islarik izan duen aztertzera dator. Ondorioz, gaur egun eskoletan erabiltzen den Haur eta Gazte Literatura genero berdintasunaren ikuspuntutik aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75423,2025-11-05,"This work presents the complete development of a conversational model based on the GPT-2 architecture, trained from scratch in Basque. Given the limited representation of this language in large language models, the main objective has been to maximize the effciency of the entire training process, carrying out a transversal optimization across all its phases: from implementing improvements in the model architecture, to developing a custom scraper, through the meticulous collection and cleaning of the corpus, as well as the creation of the most adapted and effective tokenizer for Basque texts developed to date. In this way, the project not only provides a model capable of generating coherent text in Basque, but also a complete pipeline for the development of LLMs in any language with low digital representation, democratizing access to these technologies. Moreover, all of this was achieved without clusters, without supercomputers, nor hardware specifically optimized for artificial intelligence and neural networks. Just the user and a gaming laptop.","Lan honek elkarrizketa-eredu baten garapen osoa aurkezten du, GPT-2 arkitekturan oinarritua eta hutsetik entrenatua euskaraz. Hizkuntza honek hizkuntza-eredu handietan duen ordezkaritza urria kontuan hartuta, helburu nagusia entrenamendu-prozesu osoaren eraginkortasuna maximizatzea izan da, haren fase guztietan zehar optimizazio zeharkakoa burutuz: ereduaren arkitekturan hobekuntzak ezartzetik hasi, scraper propio bat garatu, corpus-aren bilketa eta garbiketa zorrotzaz igaroz, eta euskarazko testuetarako orain arte sortu den tokenizatzaile egokitu eta eraginkorrena sortzeraino. Horrela, proiektu honek ez du soilik testu koherentea euskaraz sortzeko gai den eredu bat eskaintzen, baizik eta baliabide digital gutxi duten hizkuntzetarako LLM motako ereduak garatzeko pipeline oso bat ere bai, teknologia hauetarako sarbidea demokratizatuz. Gainera, hori guztia cluster-rik gabe, superordenagailurik gabe, eta adimen artifizialerako edo sare neuronaletarako optimizatutako hardware berezirik gabe gauzatu da. Erabiltzailea eta ordenagailu eramangarri gaming bat baino ez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60427,2023-03-21,"This Final Degree Project aims to know and develop the social phenomenon known as job precariousness, in addition to establishing and identifying its connection with the cleaning department through a qualitative investigation. It is worth mentioning that throughout the work there is a special emphasis on labour differences between the work stuff of the Basque Government and the outsourced cleaning service that work in the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). Specially, cleaning ladies of the UPV/EHU; after making a series of semi structured interviews, will offer their vision of the current employment they occupy, as well as their perception of discrimination on the cleaning sector. Additionally, their testimonies include the motivations that prompted the strike that took place at de university the first two weeks in March this year.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua lan-prekarietatea deritzon gizarte-fenomenoa ezagutzea eta garatzea da. Horrez gain, garbiketako sektorearekin duen lotura ezarri eta identifikatzea nahi da, ikerketa kualitatibo baten bidez. Lanean zehar Eusko Jaurlaritzako garbiketa-zerbitzuko lan-kontratudun langileen eta Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatean (UPV/EHU) zerbitzuak ematen dituzten azpikontratatuko langileen arteko lan-ezberdintasunak bereziki azpimarratzen dira. Konkretuki, EHUko garbiketako langileek, elkarrizketa erdi-egituratuak eginez, gaur egun betetzen duten enpleguari buruzko ikuspegia eskainiko dute, baita garbiketaren sektorean dagoen diskriminazioari buruzko pertzepzioa ere. Halaber, bere testigantzek aurtengo martxoko lehen bi asteetan unibertsitatean egindako garbiketa-grebaren arrazoiak jasotzen dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14075,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: The sight to first childhood has changed according to scientific advances and especially concerning psychomotor development. Conceptions of the baby as a passive human being have evolved to more respectful ways in front of the individual earlier domains. In this article, we will revise Emmi Pikler´s contributions. She was a Hungarian pediatrician who developed a kind of qualified institutional breeding with some pedagogic principles in which she proposes a different way of watching the newborn and toddler and a transformation of the roll that we make as educator with each girl or boy we take charge of. All this leads to question the traditional teaching institution to construct a didactic system based on love and respect to the child.","LABURPENA: Aurrerapen zientifikoek aurrera egin ahala, lehen haurtzarorako begirada eraldatu egin da, bereziki garapen motorraren alorrean. Haurtxoa izaki pasibo bezala ikusten zuten ikuskerek, subjektuaren konpetentzia goiztiarren aurrean begiruneko jarrerak gartu dituzte. Lan honetan kalitatezko hezkuntza eredu instituzionalizatua garatu zuen Emmi Pikler-en ekarpenak aztertuko ditugu. Eredu honek printzipio pedagogiko zehatz batzuen arabera jaioberria eta haurtxo txikia ikusteko beste era bat eta hezitzaile bezala zaintzen dugun ume bakoitzarekiko betetzen dugun rolaren eraldaketa proposatzen du. Honek hezitzailearen jardunbide tradizionala birplanteatzera bultzatzen gaitu, haurrenganako maitasuna eta begirunea oinarritzat duen hezkuntza sistema bat eraiki ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14056,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: This research is located in Primary teachers´ emotional competences. The aim is to know which are teachers stress situations and how do they respond to them. The research uses a qualitative methodology. To collect the information, it has used teacher´s camp notes. Among the results, include the perceived of the lack of authority as the origin of the situations that generate stress and teachers´ discomfort.","LABURPENA:Ikerkuntza hau Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleen konpetentzia emozionalen esparruan kokatzen da. Helburua, irakasleen tentsioa eragiten duten egoerek eta horien aurrean euren erantzunak ezagutzea da. Metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da. Informazioaren bilketarako, irakasleek buruturiko landa oharrak erabili dira. Lorturiko emaitzen artean, autoritatearen galeraren sentsazioak sortzen dituen tentsio eta egonezin egoerak azpimarra daitezke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51034,2021-04-16,"The magnitude of communicative purview is confirmed by Elementary Education´s curriculum. Thus, the relevance of working on language and literature, which are essential in the communicative skills and creativity, will be exposed on literary workshops. Consequently, creativity, literature and language, being together, will allow to develop people’s abilities. Therefore, literary workshops will be introduced at school, where creativity can be expanded. Different techniques that became popular in United States, South America, France, Italy and Spain have been taken into account in the process of developing written competences. Besides, these techniques of creative handwriting have been tested on Elementary Education´s future teachers, challenging the success of different exercises.","Lehen Hezkuntzako curriculumean gaitasun komunikatiboaren garrantzia berresten da. Horiek horrela, tailer literarioetan zein garrantzitsua den hizkuntza eta literatura lantzea azalduko da, izan ere, gaitasun komunikatiboaren eta sormenaren oinarria dira. Hortaz, sormenak, literaturak eta hizkuntzak, batak bestea landuaz, pertsonon gaitasunak osotasunean garatu ahal izango dira. Esangura horretatik, tailer literarioak aurkeztuko dira eskolan balizkoa den irudimena garatzeko den tokia aurkeztuz. Beraz, hizkuntza idatziaren konpetentzia garatzeko eta sormen gaitasuna trebatzeko bidean, Estatu Batuetan, Latinoamerikan, Frantzian, Italian eta Espainian famatu egin diren teknikak aintzat hartu dira. Ildo beretik, idazketa sortzailea lantzeko teknika horiek etorkizunean dozentzian arituko diren Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleekin probatu dira, ariketa anitzen arrakasta proban jarrita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37072,2019-12-19,"The globalization process experimented by the World in the last years has forced the companies to be more and more competitives so they can survive in the current market. For the high-tecnology sectors, as the aeronautical is,the cooperation between companies has became essential for developing new risky projects, in the technological and financial sense.Keeping this in mind, at the begining of this century was born the following concept: Golbal Manufacturing Virtual Network.This strategy consist on the cooperation between companies belonging to the same sector, even if they are competitors, so they can afford projects that would be imposible to afford individually.All that in a 4.0 Industry context, wich is characterized bythe use of the electronics, information anda comunication technologies, the establishment of the ciber-physical sistems and the use of the internet for the industrial procedures.","Azken urteotan munduak bizi izan duen globalizazio prozesuak, konpainiak gero eta lehiakorragoak izatera bultzatu ditu gaur egungo merkatuan bizirauteko. Goi-mailako teknologian sarturiko sektoretan, aeronautika adibidez, konpainien arteko lankidetza ezinbestekoa da arrisku teknologiko eta finantzario handiak dituzten proiektu berriak burutzeko.Guzti hau kontuan hartuta, mende hasieran hurrengo lanean zehar ondo azalduko den Fabrikazio Globalaren Sare Birtualak (FGSB)delako kontzeptu berria atera zen. Estrategia honen bidez, sektore berdinean lan egiten duten konpainiek elkarrekin lan egiten dute, lehiakideak izan arren, bakarrik burutzeko gai ez diren proiektuak aurrera eraman ahal izateko.Guzti hau Industria 4.0 edo Laugarren Iraultza Industrialaren testuinguruan. Iraultza hauen ezaugarriak hurrengoak dira: elektronika, informazio eta komunikazio teknologien erabilera, sistema ziber-fisikoen ezarpena eta interneten erabilera prozesu industrialetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16274,2015-12-01,"The purpose of this project is to carry out the conceptual design, modeling and structural analysis of a road geometry bicycle frame, using tools such as Computer Aided Design software and Finite Elements Analysis software.. The initial model will be analyzed an optimized to fulfill the strength requirements of the assumed load scenario. The aim of this project it is to complete the first stage of a hypothetic industrial production case.","Lan honen helburura, errepide bezalako bizikleta koadro baten diseinu, modelizazio eta estruktura analisia burutzea da. Hau CAD eta FEA software erabilketaren laguntzaz egingo da. Hasierako modelua analizatuko egingo da, eta erresultaten arabera, geometría hobetuko da, honek hipotesi cargak egoki jasatearren. Projektu honen xedea industrian eman litzatekeen kasu bat osatzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37143,2019-12-20,"Abstract: during recent times, the urban evolution that has taken place in the town of Portugalete has brought a transformation of the urban environment of this borough. Previously it was dedicating exclusively to the industry sector and now the services and tourism sector are taking more and more importance in this town. Therefore, it has experienced an important increase in the flow of vehicles. Conditioned by this transformation, the project is framed as a deterrent parking solution for both the parking of the vehicles approaching the villa from other provinces to get to know our town as to move to other municipalities thanks to the nearby location of it to the metro station and to strategic stops of Bizkaibus transport. The car park consists of a ground floor of 66552.88 m2, formed by 198 pillars that are supported on insulated shoes of 180 x180 x 40 cm. The perimeter wall will be made by screen walls of 6 meters in length and 40 cm thick that will hold the terrain to avoid possible displacements of this. The capacity of the same will be 231 places distributed as follows: 7 places for people with reduced mobility, 22 seats for two-wheeled vehicles and 202 for passenger cars. The car park has 3 pedestrian accesses, of which two have elevators located as close as possible to the places of people with reduced mobility for their better accessibility. On the roof of the parking lot will be built an urbanization that will be formed by a playground, gardens, and an area where the flea market can be located without hindering viability in the area. For this reason, it is proposed the construction of an underground parking, which aims to meet the demand of parking in the Repelega neighborhood. The study of the viability of this idea appears in the attached document.","Laburpena: azken denboretan zeharreko Portugalete-ko udalean burutu den bilakaeragatik, hiribildu noblearen hiriingurunearen transformazio bat ekarri du zerbitzuetako eta turismoko sektore bat bihurtzera industriaren sektorean soilik aritzen zen udala izatea pasatuz. Horregatik, aipaturiko hiribildu noblean eragin dien ibilgailuetako higikortasun handiagoa sortu da. Transformazio honek baldintzapean jarrita, proiektua disuasio-aparkaleku soluzio bat bezala ibilgailuen geratzerako gure herria ezagutzeko hiribildura beste probintzia batzuetatik hurbiltzen direla bai metroko geltokira eta Bizkaibus garraioaren geldialdi estrategikoetara beraren kokapen hurbilari esker beste udal batzuetara mugitzeko hainbeste markoan jartzen da. Aparkalekua, solairu batez osatuta dago 66552,88 m2-eko sestraren azpian, 40 cm x 180 x180-etatik isolatutako zapaten gainean sostengatuta doazen 198 oinarrik|zutabek eratuta. Harresi perimetrala egingo da luzera 6 metroko harresi pantailen eta lurra lurraren lekualdatze posibleak saihesteko finkatuko duen lodierako 40 cm-en bitartez. Beraren ahalmena izango da hurrengo moduko banatutako 231 plazako: Higikortasun txikiko pertsonentzako 7 plaza, bi gurpiletako eta turismoetarako 202tako ibilgailuetarako 22 plaza. Aparkalekuak oinezkoen 3 sarbide ditu, zeinetako bik kokatutako jasotzaileak dauzkate baina hurbila posiblea bere eskuragarritasun onenerako txikiagotutako higikortasuneko pertsonetako plazetara. Aparkalekuko estalkian eraikiko da haur-parke batek, lorategiek, eta zona batek tokian hark bideragarritasuna zonan oztopatu gabe azoka txikia kokatu ahal izango den eratuta egongo den urbanizazioa. Hori dela eta, lurrazpiko aparkaleku bat eraikitzea proposatzen da, erantsitako dokumentuen bideragarritasuna aztertuko baita eta Repelega auzoko eskariari erantzuna emango dio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72845,2025-02-20,"In the face of serious damage to the environment caused by individuals, public or private corporations, and multinational companies, which has been increasing in recent decades, there is an urgent need to establish a legal framework at the international level to ensure global environmental protection. This final degree project aims to analyze through an analysis of doctrinal approaches and bibliographic sources whether ecocide could overcome obstacles and materialize as an international crime. To do this, it is necessary to examine the influence of its origin and evolution in the international framework, taking into account the context of its emergence and the nature of the protected legal asset. Finally, a factual situation that occurred in Peru is presented, the identified facts of which could be classified as an ecocide crime in the hypothetical case of implementation.","Gaizki agertutako kalte handien aurrean, medio ambientearen aldeko lege-marko bat ezartzeko beharra sortzen da azken hamarkadetan gertatutako indibiduo, korporazio publiko edo pribatu eta enpresa multinazionalen eragina kontutan hartuta, medio ambientea mundial mailan babestea bermatzeko. Gradu amaierako lan honek, doktrinalei eta bibliografiko iturriei buruzko analisi baten bitartez aztertu nahi du ecocidioa krimen internazional bihurtu ala ez aztertzen. Horretarako, nazioarteko markoan izan duen jatorria eta bilakaera aztertu behar da, sortzearen testuingurua kontuan hartuta eta babestutako ondasunaren ezaugarriak kontuan hartuta. Amaitzeko, Peru osoko gertaera faktiko bat planteatzen da, identifikatu diren faktuek, hipotetiko kasuan, ecocidio krimen gisa kualifikatu daitezkeenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60843,2023-04-21,"The main objectives of this study were to analyze the motives and barriers that people with physical disabilities have when practicing physical activity (PA) and the level of PA according to their experiences in physical education (PE). 42 adults with physical disabilities participated in the study. The participants answered the Motives and Barriers to Physical Activity and Sport (MBAFD) and the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) questionnaires. Feeling good about themselves while doing PA was the main motive conceived. The main barrier was the scarcity of possibilities to perform adapted PA. On the other hand, in the motive item ""To improve my mental well-being"", and in the barrier item ""The spaces where I can practice are not adequate"" significant differences were observed by those who had positive experiences in PA. Regarding the level of PA, no differences were observed between positive and negative experiences. However, those who had positive experiences, in general showed greater motives for practicing PA. People with physical disabilities tend to have different motives and barriers to PA, and these may be greatly influenced by their experiences in PE, thus limiting their future level of PA. Therefore, an inclusive PE that guarantees positive experiences and the participation of all students will be important. This will mean more reasons to practice PA and fewer obstacles. However, there is a clear need to increase the supply of adapted PA aimed at individual wellbeing.","Azterlan honen helburu nagusiak, desgaitasun fisikoa duten pertsonek ariketa fisikoa (AF) egiteko dituzten arrazoi/oztopo eta AF maila aztertzea izan dira, heziketa fisikoan (HF) izandako esperientzien arabera. Bertan, desgaitasun fisikoa zuten 42 pertsona helduk parte hartu zuten. Partaideek Motivos y Barreras para la Actividad Fí sica y el Deporte (MBAFD) eta Phisicale Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD) galdetegiei erantzun zieten. AF egitean beraien buruarekin ongi sentitzea izan zen hautemandako arrazoi nagusiena. Aldiz, oztopo nagusiena AF egokitua egiteko aukera gutxi izatea izan zen. Bestalde, “para mejorar mi bienestar mental” arrazoi itemean, eta “Los espacios donde puedo practicar no son adecuados” oztopo itemean desberdintasun esanguratsuak ikusi ziren HF esperientzia positiboak (EP) izan zituztenen aldetik. AF mailari dagokionez, ez zen desberdintasunik ikusi EP eta EN artean. Hala ere, orokorrean EP izan zituztenek AF egiteko arrazoi handiagoak erakutsi zituzten. Desgaitasun fisikoa duten pertsonek, AF egiteko arrazoi eta oztopo ezberdinak izan ohi dituzte, eta hauetan, HF izandako esperientziek eragin dezakete neurri handi batean, honela, hauen etorkizuneko AF maila mugatuz. Honegatik, garrantzitsua izango da HF inklusiboa, ikasle hauen EP eta partehartzea bermatuko dituena. Honek, hauek AF egiteko arrazoi gehiago eta oztopo gutxiago izatea ekarriko baitu. Bestalde, norbanakoaren ongizatera zuzenduriko AF egokitu eskaintza handitzeko beharra nabaria da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54022,2021-11-23,"The aim of this Master's Thesis is to create a system for its use in humanitarian emergency situations, that can be a removable and reusable structure whenever necessary. For this purpose, there have been analyzed current alternatives and it has been proposed a solution that improves the conditions of comfort and sustainability that are offered today. This solution, based on wood to achieve these improvements, is made up of structural wooden frames and a lightweight framework enclosure. Throughout the work, different calculations (structural, thermal, etc.) are developed, as well as plans, budget and other sections, to have a global and detailed vision of this new alternative and be able to establish the viability of the system compared to current solutions.","Master Amaierako Lan honen helburua gizarte larrialdi egoeretan erabiltzeko sistema bat sortzea da, egitura deseraikigarri eta berrerabilgarria izan dadin, beharrezkoa denean erabiltzeko. Horretarako, oraingo alternatibak aztertu dira eta gaur egun eskaintzen diren erosotasun eta iraunkortasun baldintzak hobetzeko irtenbidea proposatzen da. Hobekuntza horiek lortzeko egurrean oinarritutako sistema asmatzen da, zurezko egituraz eta egitura arin itxituraz osatuta. Lan guztian zehar behar diren kalkuluak (egiturazkoak, termikoak, etab.) garatzen dira, baita planoak, aurrekontua eta beste atal batzuk ere, alternatiba berri honen ikuspegi globala eta zehatza ezartzeko asmoz, horrela, sistema honen bideragarritasuna baliatu ahal izateko gaur egungo eskaintzekin alderatuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23137,2017-07,"The purpose of this document is to analyse with finite elements a spring energized seal for a valve to avoid possible fluid leaks. Two types of geometries will be analysed: the first of all, a two-dimensional geometry will be analysed and later, the real three-dimensional model. Also the possible contact problems in a cryogenic application (temperatures under 0ºC and high pressure of fluid inside the valve) will be studied. In order to do that, the latest computer programs will be used: one for creating the geometric model and the other to detect with finite elements possible failures during the valve operating process. At the end of the project, we expect to achieve that the F.E. (Finite Elements) program can simulate the insertion and operating process of the seal and that the seal can resist the cryogenic conditions.","Txosten honen xedea, elementu finituak erabiliz, balbula batentzako malguki juntura bat analizatzean datza. Bi motatako geometriak aztertuko dira: lehenik eta behin bidimentsionala hurbilketa bat egiteko eta gero, geometria tridimentsional erreala. Aplikazio kriogeniokoetan (tenperaturak zero azpitik eta presio handia daraman likidoa) agertuko liratekeen ukitze problemak ere aztertuko dira. Horretarako azken generazioko programak erabiliko dira: bat geometria garatzeko eta bestea elementu finituen bidez funtzionamendu akatsak aurkitzeko. Proiektuaren amaieran bi helburu hauek betetzea espero da: alde batetik programa junturaren kokatze eta funtzionamendu prozesua simulatzeko gai dela egiaztatzea eta bestetik, junturak baldintza kriogenikoak jasaten dituela egiaztatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58393,2022-11-17,"Violence against women is a structural problem worldwide. Thus, in recent decades, states have created various international legal tools to try to protect women's human rights. It is important to analyse the impact of these international legal instruments and, in particular, a regional court ruling - the Inter-American Court of Human Rights - on a state's domestic policies and legislation. To this end, we have limited our field of study to Ciudad Juárez, a Mexican city that is a paradigmatic example of violence against women. As the central axis of the work, we have analysed the emblematic judgement of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in 2009, which established Mexico's international responsibility for the disappearance and death of three women. The judgment also established reforms, public policies and prevention programmes. Did the judgment and the international process have a real impact on domestic legislation?","Emakumeen aurkako indarkeria mundu mailako egiturazko arazoa dugu. Horrela azken hamarkadotan Estatuek zenbait nazioarteko tresna juridiko sortu dituzte emakumeen giza eskubideak babesteko asmoz. Beraz, lan honek Nazioarteko tresnek eta bereziki eskualdeko Gorte baten ebazpenak —Giza Eskubideen Gorte Interamerikarra— barneko politiketan eta legedian izan duten eragina aztertzen du. Horretarako, gure ikerketa mugatu dugu eta Ciudad Juárez hiria hartu dugu erreferentzia puntu bezala. Mexikoko emakumeen aurkako indarkeriaren leku paradigmatikoa dugu. 2009an Giza Eskubideen Gorte Interamerikarraren epaiak hiru emakume desagertu eta hiltzeko arduradun gisa Mexikoko Estatua kondenatu zuen. Epai hau dugu ardatz lan honetan. Gorteak epaian erreformak, prebentzio- eta arreta-programak eta politika publikoak ezarri zituen. Benetako eragina izan zuen sententziak eta nazioarteko prozesuak barne legerian?" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47713,2020-11-04,"Abstract: One of the most important aspects that causes the need for continuous improvement of the production process in the company is the enormous competitiveness of the aeronautical sector. A company like ITPAero, which leads several aspects of the sector, has the necessity of a constant improvement in production times, documentation management and reduction of faulty parts. The project optimizes and standardizes the EDM process in slots of aeronautical vanes wich are manufactured at ITPAero. Aspects such as the statistical study of the process, the internal programming of the process and the management of the parts that suffer from deviations will be addressed. The aim of the project is to give an answer to the emerging demands. Due to technological advances, it is increasingly feasible to face challenges of this nature, a remarkable example is the parameterized programming allowed by modern EDM machines. This document attempts to reflect the solution adopted in ITPAero's production lines to meet the project's objectives.","Laburpena: Arlo aeronautikoan dagoen lehiakortasun handiak enpresaren ekoizpen prozesuen optimizazioa bultzatzen du. Horregatik, ITP Aerok, arlo honetan hainbat aspektutan liderra den enpresak, ekoizpen denboran, dokumentazioaren kudeaketan eta pieza akastunen murrizketan uneoro hobekuntzak garatu behar ditu. Dokumentu honetan, NGVak lotzeko beharrezkoak diren arteken EDM bidezko fabrikazio prozesuaren optimizazioa eta estandarizazioa proposatzen da. Hau lortzeko, fabrikazio prozesuaren hainbat atal aztertuko dira. Haien artean, prozesuaren ikerketa estatistikoa, prozesuaren barneko programazioa eta desbiderapenak dituzten piezen kudeaketa. Guzti honen bidez, gaur egungo beharrizanei erantzun apropos bat ematea bilatzen da. Aurrerapen teknologikoei esker, honelako erronkei aurre egitea gero eta bideragarriagoa da. Honen adibide argia, gaur egungo EDM makinek baimentzen duten parametrizatutako programazioa da. Dokumentu honen bidez, proiektuaren helburuak betetzeko ITP Aeroren ekoizpen lerroetan inplementatutako soluzioa aurkeztu nahi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14299,2015-01-29,"The importance of collaboration for firm innovation has been well established but much of the research focuses on large firms, with little research on small and medium enterprises. This paper investigates the determinants of innovation collaboration of innovative firms. We expect that knowledge spillovers on innovation influence partner selection and that collaboration is a way to reduce barriers that a firm considers to be important at the time of innovating. The results indicate that firms that undertake innovation collaboration tend to have spillovers from universities and technological center.","Berrikuntzarako kolaborazioaren garrantzia literaturan jaso da, baina ikerketen gehiengoa enpresa handietan erdiratzen da, enpresa txiki eta ertainen ikerketa alde batera utziz. Lan honek pyme-en determinatzaileak aztertzen ditu berrikuntza teknologikoan kolaboratzeko. Ikusten den bezela, informazio iturriek lankidetzako bazkidearen aukeran eragiten dute eta kolaborazioa enpresak berriztatzeko garrantzitsuak diren hesiak murrizteko aukera bat da. Ikerketaren emaitzek adierazten dutenez, berrikuntzan batera lan egiten duten empresek unibertsitateak eta gune teknologikoak izaten dituzte informazio iturri bezala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16520,2015-12-18,"The purpose of this project is to study and analyse signals of digital television, provided for mobile services, by using LDM technology. In order to achieve this, it will be needed the use of different transmission configurations (modulation, code rate…) suitable for this type of service, as well as propagation channels showing movement situations, such as pedestrian or mobile. This project comes as a response of recent research in LDM technology, which has been proposed as a Physical Layer technology to the ATSC 3.0 Next Generation Digital TV standard.","Proiektu honen xedea, LDM teknologia erabiliz, zerbitzu mugikorrentzako telebista digitaleko seinaleak aztertzea eta estudiatzea da. Hori lortzeko asmoz, zerbitzu mota honetarako aproposak diren konfigurazio-transmisio (modulazioa, code rate…) ezberdinak erabiliko dira. Baita mugimendu egoerak irudikatzen dituzten propagazio kanalak ere. Proiektu honen abiapuntua LDM teknologiari buruz egindako ikerketa bat da, non teknologia hau telebista digitalaren ATSC 3.0 estandar berrian, maila fisiko gisa proposatua izan den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20015,2016-12-29,"Educating future successful and competent people means carrying about the happiness and the present of the children we work with. This paper introduces a didactic proposal applied in the first cycle of primary education, specifically a group of 25 children between 6 and 7 years old. Its aim was to promote the happiness of the pupils in order to improve their learning. Based on Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences, it expected to respect the diversity in the classroom, recognizing and promoting the different abilities/strengths of each pupil. In this way the children, feeling that they are worth and capable, have increased their motivation making their learning more significant.","Etorkizuneko pertsona arrakastatsu eta konpetenteak hezteak, gurekin lanean ari diren umeen zorionari eta orainaldiari erreparatzea eskatzen du. Lan honek Lehen Hezkuntza lehenengo zikloan martxan jarritako esku-hartze didaktiko bat aurkezten du, 6-7 urte arteko 25 ikasleko taldea protagonista izan duena. Proposamenak ikasleen ongizate subjektiboa sustatzea izan du helburu, horren bidez ikasketa prozesua errazteko. Modu berean, Howard Gardnerren Adimen Anizkoitzen Teorian oinarritua egonik, ikasgelako aniztasunari erantzutea bilatu du, ikasleen adimen ezberdinak onartu eta indartuz. Hori horrela izanik, ikasleek euren burua baloratua eta gai sentitzean, euren ikasteko motibazioa piztu dute, ikasketak esanguratsuagoak bihurtuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22854,2017-07,"Structural skins are a kind of structural systems that are really used in the contemporary architecture and which have huge potential. In this type of systems, the structure and the enclosure of the building join together generating a single continuous element or skin. In this project those systems are studied, focusing in the skins that are constituted by exo-structures. Besides, the analysis of real buildings based in this structural system is done, studying the main characteristics of them, with the aim of reaching elements that all of them have in common, in order to conclude about their structural functioning. In the other hand, different enclosure resolutions are analysed, their characteristics and the comfort demands that need to be satisfied.","Larru estrukturalak, egitura eta itxitura bat balira bezala lotuta dituzten sistema estrukturalak dira. Sistema hauek potentzial handia daukate eta bere erabilera oso zabalduta dago arkitektura garaikidean. Lan honetan sistema mota hauek ikertzen dira, exo-estrukturaz osatutako larruetan arreta berezia jartzen. Sistema estruktural honetan oinarritutako zenbait eraikuntzen azterketa egingo da ere. Azterketa horren helburua bere funtzionamendu estrukturalari buruzko ondorio orokorrak ateratzea da. Azkenik, zenbait itxitura posible aztertzen dira, bere ezaugariak eta bete behar dituzten erosotasun eskakizunak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32231,2019-03-29,"The evolution that has been carried out in the Villa of Bilbao during the last decades has brought about a transformation of the environment, shifting from being oriented towards industry to being so to the service sector. This has generated a greater mobility that has influenced the whole city. Currently, there is a certain saturation of vehicles in the most populated and crowded neighbourhoods; making it difficult when it comes to finding a parking place. Thanks to the parking regulation service, there is an attempt to alleviate the aforementioned issue. However, this does not seem to be enough. Moreover, the fact of introducing the OTA (parking regulation ordinance) in most of the city has derived in the use of peripheral neighbourhoods as parking deterrents. An example of this situation is the neighbourhood of La Peña, located in district Ibaiondo, which has certain areas devoted to parking. Nevertheless, it is collapsed by the huge demand generated since 2014, when the OTA was introduced in its adjoining areas. For this reason, the building of a deterrent parking is suggested, whose viability will be looked into in the attached documents; and that aims to meet the demand in the neighbourhood of La Peña – Abusu.","Bilboko hiribilduan azken hamarkadetan eman den garapenak inguruaren eraldaketa izugarria ekarri du. Industrian ezarrita egotetik zerbitzu arloan nagusitzera joan da. Horrek, hirian eragina izan duen itzelezko higikortasuna sortu du. Gaur egun, auzo jendetsuenetan, ibilgailuen presentzia asko nabarmentzen da, eta horrek dakarren gauza bakarra apartzerako orduan arazoak izatea da. Aparkalekuei buruzko arauketari esker, eragozpen hori pixkanaka – pixkanaka konpontzen goaz, hala ere, hau ez da nahikoa. Gainera, TAO-ren ezarketaren ondorioz, ia hiri barneko leku guztietan, hiri inguruko auzoak aparkalekutzat hartzen hasi gara. Egoera honen adibide argi bat Abusu auzoa da, Ibaiondo izeneko distrituan kokatuta. Auzo honek zenbait gune ditu autoek aparka dezaten, halere, sarritan kolapsaturik aurki ditzakegu zona hauek 2014 urtetik dagoen eskaera kantitate izugarriagatik. Honen kausa urte honetan ezarritako TAO-a da. Arrazoi honengatik zenbait disuasio-aparkalekuren eraikuntza proposatu da. Erantsitako agirietan proiektu honen bidegarritasuna aztertzen da, eta txosten hauek Abusu auzoko eskaera asetzea dute helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29286,2018-10-23,"Nowadays in a lot of devices, like washing machines, exist planned obsolescence. Because of this, in this Project is going to be design the control of a washing machine with a free software like Arduino is. Considering that this device is composed with a engine, valves, a water pump...the Project is going to focus on the control of the engine as is the most complica ted part of the machine. At first, it is going to decide what kind of control will be choose (control in direct current or alternating current). Secondly, it is going to design the power circuit and study what is the best Arduino for this project","Gaur egun garbitzaileetan egoten den zaharkitzapen programatua dela eta, proiektu honetan diseinatuko da garbitzaile baten kontrola. Kontrol honek, software libre batekin egingo da (Arduino). Garbitzaile baten parterik garrantzitsuena motorra da, beraz, proiektu honek motorean zentratuko da. Lehenik eta behin ze kontrol mota aukeratuko den erabaki behar da, hau da, korronte zuzenean edo korronte alternoan. Bi aukerak aztertu eta gero, erabaki da korronte zuzenean egitea kontrola efizienteagoa delako. Hurrengo pausoa potentzia zirkuitua diseinatzea da, kontuan izanda ze mikrokontrolatzaile erabiliko den (Kasu honetan Arduino Mega erabiliko da)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17686,2016-03-16,"Nowadays, most of the scientists agree on the importance of teaching the scientific competence. Even so, in many schools the different competences of the scientific competence is not taught. That is why in the following pages has been developed a proposal to work the properties of matter, density or floating using the use of data and argument competence of the scientific competence. In this way, information about what children know, like relate the mass and the air of an object with the flotation and what problems children have such the density concept and the difficult to make justify arguments are been taken.","Gaur egun, zientzia irakasterako orduan, zientzialari guztiek bat egiten dute konpetentzia zientifikoaren garrantzian. Hala ere, egungo eskola askotan gaitasun honen azpigaitasun desberdinak alde batera uzten dira. Hau jakinda, hurrengo proposamenak materiaren propietateak, dentsitatea eta flotagarritasuna erabili ditu konpetentzia zientifikoaren datuen erabilera eta argumentazio gaitasuna lantzeko. Modu honetan, ikasleek gai honen inguruan duten aurreiritzi eta zailtasunak ikusi dira, hala nola, flotagarritasuna objektuen pisuarekin eta barruan duten aire kantitatearekin erlazionatzea edota dentsitate kontzeptua ulertzeko eta argumentu justifikatuak lortzeko zailtasunak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14308,2015-01-30,"The main purpose of this end-of-degree work is to contribute to the development of a research project, by analyzing and designing a flexure guided nanopositioning stage. The stated project is part of a research line promoted by the University of the Basque Country and the group EGILE CORPORATION XXI, which bases its activity in high precision manufacturing. The re-design of the flexure guided nanopositioning stage starts from a current design, and the intention is to obtain a better performance of the mechanism, according to the precision, ease of analysis and range of movement, by changing its geometry. The tasks that will be carried out can be summarized as follows: to obtain a simplified model of the stage, by converting the flexure hinges into normal rigid links with an equivalent stiffness; to define the geometry of the new stage, based on the new requirements of precision and range of movement; and to verify the suitability of the new design, analyzing the amplitude of the deformations and the precision of those, the modes of vibration and the relationship between the actuation force and the obtained movement, via FEA.","Ondoren aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lana beste ikerkuntza batekiko elkarlanean oinarritzen da, lotura malguez osatutako nanokokapen mekanismo baten arterketa eta diseinuaren bidez. Lan hau Euskal Herriko Unibertistateak, EGILE CORPORATION XXI enpresa taldearekin batera, garatutako ikerketa lerro batean kokatzen da. Talde honek zehaztasun handiko mekanizazioan lan egiten du batez ere. Lan honen helburua nanokokapen mekanismo baten mahaia berdiseinatzea da. Horretarako, orain erabiltzen den diseinu batetik hasita, bere geometria aldatuz, funtzionamendu ezaugarri hoberen bilaketa burutuko da. Hori lortzeko hurrengo etapak jarraitu beharko dira: lehenik eta behin, mahaiaren eredu sinplifikatua egingo da, lotura malguak lotura arruntez aldatuz, bere zurruntasuna duen malguki batez ordezkatuz; ondoren, mekanismoaren geometria finkatuko da, betekizunak kontuan hartuz; azkenik, bere egokitasuna egiaztatu beharko da, EFMren bidez, mugimendu tartea eta bere zehaztasuna eta frekuentzia naturalak kalkulatuz, eta aplikatutako indarraren eta lortutako mugimenduaren arteko erlazioa aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29453,2018-10-31,"Ingelesez: In recent years results obtained in nature by researchers have offered sustainable solutions to new technologies and designs, welcoming the practice known as Biomimetics. Eight pair of mollusc shells have been analysed in this work, offering a valid methodology for their analysis. It is focused on the research of the most effective method for 3D scanning and point cloud processing, prompting a clear methodology of the procedure used, being useful in future works. The results obtained in this work, as well as the landmarks of the shells, will be used to guide future studies of biomimetics and geometrical morphology.","Euskaraz: Azken urteetan ikertzaileek naturan aurkitutako emaitzek konponbide iraunkorrak eskaini dituzte teknologia eta diseinu berrien sorkuntzan biomimetika izeneko praktikari ongi etorria emanez. Lan honetan naturatik lortutako zortzi muskuilu oskol bikote aztertu dira hauen analisirako erabilgarria izango den metodologia bat garatzeko. Oskol hauei 3D bidezko eskaneatzea eta lortutako puntu-hodeien prozesaketa egiteko metodo egokiena bilatu da, lortu den prozeduraren metodologia argia zehaztuz, etorkizuneko lanetan erabilgarria izango dena. Lan honetan lortu diren emaitzak, hala nola oskolen landmark-ak, etorkizuneko biomimetika eta morfologia geometrikoko azterketak bideratzeko baliagarriak izango dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36513,2019-11-27,"Throughout this document, the control of a WidowX robotic arm and its sensorization aredeveloped, mountedon top of a TurtleBot 2 structure. The aim of this project is to add the capabilities this robotic arm provides to a mobile base part of a flexible manufacturing system. Every piece of hardware isdescribed in order to grasp how everything interacts. The control of these devices is conducted using ROS (Robot Operating System). ROS’ working structure and how it manages the devices’ control are explained.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan WidowX beso robotiko manipulatzailearen kontrolaeta honengainean zenbait sentsoreen kokapena garatzen dira,TurtleBot 2 robot mugikorraren gainean antolatua. Lan honek besoak ahalbidetzen dituen ekintzak ematen dizkio fabrikazio sistema malguko robot bati. Multzo hau osatzen duten gailu guztiak azaltzen dira. Gailu hauek kontrolatzeko ROS (Robot Operating System) erabiltzen da eta ingurune honetan nola komunikatzen direnazaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70294,2024-07-01,"The present research has evaluated the perception of urban safety of women over 55 years old in the Txurruka Square in Mutriku and their social participation in this space based on CPTED principles. The study has been carried out mainly through the technique of non-participant observation of the environmental and social characteristics (n=892) of the space, complemented by an-interview with a referent of the city council (n=1) and a focus group (n=5) of the target population. The results show the relationship between the perception of safety and the decision of social participation of women over 55 years old in the square. Finally, environmental, social and collaborative proposals are collected to improve the perception of safety based on the CPTED.","CPTEDaren printzipioak oinarri hartuz eta partehartze soziala kontuan izanda, Mutrikuko Txurruka plazan 55 urtetik gorako emakumeek sentitzen duten segurtasunaren ebaluazioa du helburu ikerketa honek. Horretarako, metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da, tresna nagusi modura behaketa ez parte-hartzailea hartuz (n=892), ondoren udaletxeko erreferente bateri eginiko elkarrizketa batekin osatzeko, eta helburu poblazioarekin eginiko focus group batekin bukatzeko (n=5). Emaitzen arabera, Txurruka plazako parte-hartzean eragina dauka 55 urtetik gorako emakumeen segurtasun-pertzepzioak. Azkenik, CPTEDan oinarritutako segurtasun pertzipzioa hobetzeko proposamen sozial, ingurumenekoak eta kolaboratiboak biltzen dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25281,2000,"The current Title XIV of the spanish penal Code gathers the crimes against the Public Finance and the Social Insurance. After a thorough study about article 305 relative to crimes of tax fraud, there are analyzed other criminal figures included in this Title, in which from 1995 some innovations as the frauds to the Finance of European Communities are introduced.","Oraingo Kode penalaren XIV. Tituluaren izenburuak Ogasun Publiko eta Gizarte Segurantzaren aurkako delituak jasotzen ditu. 305. artikuluaren azterketa sakonaren ondoren, titulu horretan azaltzen diren beste delituak aztertzen dira. Titulu horretan hainbat berrikuntza egin dira, 1995. urtetik aurrera egindako berrikuntzak, Europar Batasuneko Ogasunaren aurkako iruzurrak tipifikatzea esaterako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22267,2012,"This work focuses on victims, and examines the developments that have taken place in recent years within different organisations (The UN, The Council of Europe, The European Union) with regard to policy and legislation concerning victims of terrorism. After a brief introduction that discusses the rights of victims, the work goes on to analyse whether the distinction between the rights of victims of conventional crimes and victims of terrorism is justified, especially in the light of the difficulties raised by the context of terrorist victimisation with regard to the exercise of rights, especially in the cases of mass victimisation.","Biktimak arreta gunean jarriz, lan honek azken urteetan hainbat erakundetan (NBE, Europako Kontseilua, Europar Batasuna) egondako aurrerapenak ditu ardatz, terrorismoaren biktimei buruzko legediari eta politikari dagokienez. Biktimen eskubideei buruzko sarrera labur baten ondoren, delitu arrunten biktimen eskubideen eta terrorismoaren biktimen eskubideen arteko bereizketa egitea justifikatuta ote dagoen aztertuko da; batik bat, biktimizazio terroristaren testuinguruak sortzen dituen zailtasunak ikusita, eskubideak gauzatzeari dagokionez eta, bereziki, masen biktimizazioko kasuei dagokienez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51050,2021-04-16,"The purpose of this work is to study the miscibility between poly (DL-lactic acid)(PDLLA) and var-ious drugs in order to improve oral bioavailability derived from low aqueous solubility. The tech-nique used to manufacture the mixtures has been carried out using the solvent casting method. Likewise, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)was also used to determine the possible misci-bility using the criterion of a single glass transition temperature (Tg) for each of the samples.","Lan honen helburua poli (DL-laktida) (PDLLA) eta hainbat farmakorenarteko nahaskortasunaaz-tertzea da, ur-disolbagarritasun txikiaren ondoriozko ahoko bioerabilgarritasuna hobetzeko. Nahasketak egiteko erabilitako teknika ""solvent casting"" izenez ezagutzen den disoluzio-lurrun-keta metodoaren bidez egin da. Era berean, analisi termiko diferentziala (DSC) erabili da balizko nahaskortasunazehazteko, beira-transizio bakarren (Tg) irizpidea kontutan izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69893,2024-10-11,"The following project aims to analyze how mergers and acquisitions may affect competition and whether the procedure and guidelines used by the different national and communitary competition authorities are adequate to determine the possible infringements of competition. In order to do this, the project studies both the theoretical and practical side of the issue by analyzing the different laws and rules that regulate the procedure and the criteria, and different procedures in which the mentioned authorities apply that regulation and criteria in order to settle the cases. Finally some conclusions derived from the analysis are exposed.","Lan honen helburua enpresak eskuratzeko eta bat-egiteko eragiketek lehian izan dezaketen eragina aztertzea eta lehiaren arloko agintari nazional zein komunitarioek erabilitako prozedura eta irizpideak egokitzea da, eragiketaren ondorioz lehia askean gerta daitekeen urraketa zehazteko. Horretarako, prozedurei buruzko araudia modu teorikoan aztertu da, bai eta modu praktikoan ere, agintariek arauetan aurreikusitako prozedura eta irizpideak aplikatzen dituzten kasuetan. Horren ondoren, aipatutako azterketatik eratorritako hainbat ondorio aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14307,2015-01-30,"There are different proposals to obtain the stress concentration factor for fatigue analysis: Neuber, Peterson, critical distances, correction of the finite element model, among others. This paper tries to study the main proposals and compare them systematically using as a reference notched pieces of simple geometry and draw conclusions for design and mechanical analysis.","Estresa kontzentrazioaren faktorea nekea analisirako lortzeko proposamen ezberdinak daude: Neuber, Peterson, distantzia kritikoak, elementu finituen ereduaren zuzenketa, eta abar. Artikulu honetan saiatuko da proposamen nagusiak aztertzen, gero soluzioak sistematikoki konparatzeko erreferentziaz geometria sinplea duten piezek erabiltzen eta diseinu eta analisi mekanikorako ondorio erabilgarriak lortuko dira azkenean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19330,2016-10-18,"This Final Year Project analyzes and solves the position problem for a mechanism composed of two flexible bars of variable length. These bars are pinned together at one end and clamped at the other one. In order to achieve this, the nonlinear deformation of the flexible bars is analytically studied, taking into account the different flexure modes. The results are validated through numerical analysis using finite elements models with nonlinearities. Its application to the last generation of collaborative robots is also discussed.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan mekanismo baten posizio problema bat analizatu eta ebatzi egiten da. Mekanismo hau, bi luzera aldagaieko barra malguz osaturik dago, euren artean errotazio pare batez eta sistema finkoari pare prismatiko batez loturik daudenak. Horretarako, barra malguen deformazio ez linealaren estudio analitikoa egingo da, flexio modo ezberdinak kontuan harturik. Emaitzak, ez linealtasunak kontuan izanik eta elementu finituekin egindako modeluak erabiliz egindako analisi numerikoekin baliozkotuko dira. Lan honetan, ere, mekanismo hauen azken generazioko errobot kolaboratiboekiko aplikazioa ere analizatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28904,2018,"In this Final Degree Project, it has been made a study about the relationships in Physical Education motor situations of the school CEIP Learreta- Markina (2017-2018) from Mallabia. For that, at first it has been made a study on the history of Physical Education, on games and activities, on the science of praxeology and internal logic among others. All of these have been done through by a deep bibliographic search. This way, it has been known the reality of the chosen school. It has been made an observation and interpretation of 25 different activities where it has been studied and later compared with other researches. On that study, sociomotor situations have come above psychomotor situations and inside the sociomotor situations, we could clearly see the superiority of the situations of the opponent and cooperation ones at the same time, comparing with other sociomotor situations. Therefore, the Physical Education teacher of this school reflects a tremendous tendency to impart a social and socialistic programmation on his classes.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, 2017-2018 ikasturteko Mallabiko CEIP Learreta- Markina herri ikastetxeko Gorputz Hezkuntzan, 5. eta 6. mailan lantzen diren egoera motorren harremanen azterketa egin da. Horretarako, hasieran Gorputz Hezkuntzaren ikuspegi historikoa, joko-jolasak, praxiologiaren zientzia eta barne logika bezalako alderdiak aztertu izan dira beste batzuen artean, bilaketa bibliografiko sakon baten bitartez. Honela, aukeratutako ikastetxearen errealitatea aztertu izan da Gorputz Hezkuntzako 25 egoera motor behatu eta interpretatu ondoren, datu kuantitatibo batzuen bidez gero, era kualitatibo batean, aztertu direnak beste ikerketa batzuekin konparatzeko. Azterketa horretan, egoera soziomotorrak oso nagusi izan dira egoera psikomotorren gainetik, eta egoera soziomotorren artean aurkaritzan eta lankidetzan oinarritutakoak ere argi eta garbi nagusi izan dira lankidetzan soilik eta aurkaritzan soilik oinarritutako egoera motorrekin konparatuz gero. Beraz, ondorioztatu daiteke ikastetxe honetako irakasleak joera sozial eta sozializatzaile nabarmen bat islatzen duela bere saioetako proposamenetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23296,2017-07,"Given the diversity of old and obsolete management applications existing in the municipalities of Bizkaia, in order to unify functions in an application, the software project called Municipal Administrative Manager is born. This final project deals with the development of a part of this global project, namely the functionalities related to tax management (taxes, rates and public prices, standard, exemptions, bonuses ...). These new functionalities are requested by the city councils to the BiscayTIK Foundation, which, in turn, is in charge of contracting the services to the company Oesia Networks S.L. to develop the project. For all this, communication between the three entities is fundamental and must be constant.","Bizkaia-ko udaletxeetako kudeaketa-aplikazio zahar eta zaharkitu existenteko aniztasunaren aurrean, funtzioak aplikazio batean bateratzeko, Udal-Kudeatzaile Administratiboa izena emandako softwarearen proiektua jaiotzen da. Helburua Graduko presente Lanak abordatzen dio aipaturiko proiektu osoko partearen garapenari, zehazki zerga-kudeaketari buruzko funtzionaltasunak (zergak, tasak eta prezio publikoak, errolda, salbuespenak, hobariak...). Udaletxeek aipaturiko funtzionaltasun berriak eskatzen dizkiote BiscayTIK, berriz, zerbitzuak kontratatzea enpresara S.L Oesia Networks arduratzen den Fundazioari. proiektua gara dezala. Horregatik guztiagatik, hiru entitateen arteko komunikazioa funtsezkoa da eta etengabekoa izan behar du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23210,2017-07,"The document that is shown is the report corresponding to the final grade project analysis of the effect of intermittent faults on the distribution web with inductive grounding. The project has been done with the program Matlab, specifically with the extension Simulink, with which a generic model of the distribution web has been developed. The model is based on real equipment, thus the simulated setups are trustworthy. To end with this resume, counting on the mentioned model, an analysis of the intermittent faults’ effects in various cases have been developed, introducing changes of the setup in each case.","Azaltzen den dokumentua falta intermitenteek duten efektuen analisia neutro rinduktibozko distribuzio sarean dagokion txostena da. Proiektua aurrera eramateko Matlab programa erabili da, konkretuki Simulink hedapenarekin, zeinekin distribuzio sarearen eredu generiko bat hedatu da. Eredua ekipamendu errealak kontuan hartuta hedatu denez, simulatu diren situazioak sinesgarriak dira. Azkenik, eredu huraz hasita, falta intermitenteen efektuak aztertu dira situazio ezberdinetan, sarearen xedapena aldatuz kasu bakoitzean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14321,2015-02-02,"Through this work, we have made the energy certification of a house. To do this, we have compiled the necessary information and to calculate the heat losses we have used the software CE3X. After doing this, some improvements have been proposed taking into account the European and Spanish legislation to see if these organisms could help these changes to happen. After the improvements, the calification of the house has changed from F to C. Finally, technical reports and estimations of the costs of those improvements have been done.","Txosten honen bitartez, etxebizitza baten egiaztatze teknikoa burutu da. Horretarako, beharrezkoa den etxearen informazioa lortu egin da eta CE3X programa erabiliz neurtu dira etxearen bero galerak. Hau egin eta gero, etxe honen bero galerak minimizatzeko zenbait hobekuntza garatu dira, europar batasunean eta estatu espainiarrean dagoen legedia aztertu ostean hobekuntzak gauzatzeko laguntzarik dagoen ikusteko. Hauen bitartez, kalifikazioa hobetu egin da Ftik Cra pasatuz. Azkenik, hobekuntza bakoitzaren txosten teknikoak eta aurrekontuak garatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22932,2017-07,"Climate change is one of the main concerns nowadaus. For this reason, the development of new techniques for the production of compounds that replace, for example, oil and its derivates, is a booming section. The production of furfural, a compound known as a “bulding block” or compound basis from which to obtain various material and compounds, has been referred in this document. This can be achieved from the isolation of C5 sugars contained in lignocellulosic material. Nevertheless, not all lignocellulosic material has the same potential for this purpose. Along the experimental phase two lignocellulosic biomasses have been characterized in the lavoratory: hemp and radiata pine. The achieved main conclusion as been that hemp seems to be the most suitable lignocelulosic biomass among the tested ones, since more kg of furfural can be produced from the same amount of raw material.","Gaur egun klima aldaketa da gizakiok dugun kezka garrantzitsuenetariko bat. Arrazoi honegatik petrolioa eta bertatik eratorritako productuak era berriztagarri batean ordezkatzea da helburu nagusietariko bat. Furfurala “produktu plataforma” izenez ezagutzen den konposatu organiko bat da, bertatik abiatuta petroliotik datozen produktu asko lortu baitaitezke. Furfuralaren produkziorako ezinbestekoak dira biomasa lignozelulosikoan dauden C5 azukreak. Hala ere, esan beharra dago biomasa mota guztiak ez direla egokiak furfurala produzitzeko. Horregatik, lan honetan, laborategi mailan karakterizatu diren bi biomasa mota ezberdinen arteko konparaketa bat egiten da, kalamua edo lihoa eta pinus radiata-ren artekoa, hain zuzen ere. Karakterizazio honen ostean lortu den ondorio garrantzitsuena kalamua edo lihoa furfurala produzitzeko pinua baino egokiagoa dela ikusi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74866,2025-10-02,"School anxiety is defined as a set of emotional, cognitive and physical responses to school situations, being considered in recent times one of the most common childhood-juvenile disorders and with greater consequences at this stage. The main objective of this qualitative-quantitative research is to analyze the concept of school anxiety and to identify the main factors that cause it in the Primary Education stage. As well as to review the assessment methods and intervention strategies applied in the educational context. For this purpose, three research tools have been applied with a group of sixth grade students: an interview with the classroom tutor, five classroom observation sessions and a student survey. The data obtained show that evaluation situations, social interaction and family pressure are the main causes of academic anxiety, presenting mainly behavioral and physical symptoms mostly in girls. It has also reinforced the idea of offering educators and family members better training on mental health, in order to address this problem and provide a comprehensive response to students, along with a safe, empathetic and healthy educational environment.","Antsietate akademikoa eskola-egoeren aurrean ematen diren erantzun emozional, kognitibo eta fisikoen multzo bezala ezagutzen da. Azken aldian, haurren eta gazteen nahaste psikologiko ohikoenetakotzat hartzen da, eta ondorio nabarmenak ditu etapa horretan. Ikerketa kualitatibo-kuantitatibo honen helburu nagusia da antsietate akademikoaren kontzeptua aztertzea eta Lehen Hezkuntzan eragiten duten faktore nagusiak identifikatzea. Horrekin batera, hezkuntza-testuinguruan aplikatzen diren ebaluazio-metodoak eta esku hartzeko estrategiak berrikustea bilatzen da. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako seigarren mailako talde batekin hiru ikerketa-tresna aurrera eraman dira: elkarrizketa bat gelako tutoreari, bost behaketa-saio gelan eta inkesta bat ikasleei. Lortutako datuek erakusten dutenez, ebaluazio-egoerak, gizarte-elkarreragina eta familiaren presioa dira antsietate akademikoaren eragile nagusiak, eta batez ere jokabide-sintoma eta sintoma fisikoak agertzen dira, gehienbat nesketan. Era berean, hezitzaileei eta senideei osasun mentalari buruzko prestakuntza hobea emateko ideia indartu da, arazo horri aurre egin ahal izateko eta ikasleei erantzun integrala emateko, hezkuntza-ingurune seguru, enpatiko eta osasungarriarekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47011,2020-10-19,"The aim of this end-of-degree work is to carry out the electrical installation of a house. Basic notions of electricity must be taken as a starting point and complemented by the REBT. Firstly, the design of the electrical installation of the building is carried out using the AutoCAD program and then the calculations of the sections are made and the protections to be installed need to be checked.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua etxe baten instalazio elektrikoa egitea da. Horretarako, elektrizitate oinarrizko nozio batzuetatik abiatu behar da, eta Behe Tentsioko Erreglamendu Elektroteknikoaren bidez osatu. Lehenik eta behin, etxearen instalazio elektrikoa diseinatzen da AutoCAD programaren bidez, eta ondoren, sekzioen kalkuluak egiten dira eta instalatu beharreko babesak egiaztatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51010,2021-04-15,"This work approaches the influence of Physical Education on children´s personality, focusing especially on the Primary Education years. In particular, this research studies the interaction between different personal aspects of the students, analysing, among others, the association between their identities, self-esteem, physical and social skills. In fact, all these aspects take great importance in this age group, since it is a critical stage in social-emotional development. The research results and conclusions show that the self-concept and self-esteem of primary school children is largely influenced by the expectations of teachers, indeed, there is evidence that students were more likely to enjoy Physical Education when the teacher showed positive attitude. Moreover, although self-esteem is an aspect that depends on multiple factors, it should be noted that students who practice physical activity have commonly a higher self-esteem. However, in addition to physical activity, the research showed that social skills also interact with the level of self-esteem.","Gorputz Hezkuntzak haurren izaerarengan duen eraginari buruzko ikerketa da honakoa, Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan zentratuta dagoena. Modu honetan, ikasleen hainbat alderdien elkarreragina ikertu da, besteak beste, ikasleen nortasunak, autoestimuak, gaitasun fisikoak eta sozialak duten lotura aztertuz. Izan ere, alderdi guzti horiek oso nabari dira adin tarte honetan, beraien garapenarengan suposatzen duten eraginagatik. Ikerketaren emaitzetan eta ondorioetan azaltzen den bezala, Lehen Hezkuntzako haurren autokontzeptua eta autoestimua irakasleen espektatiben eraginpean dago hein handi batean, gainera, Gorputz Hezkuntzako ikasgaiari dagokionez, ikasgaiarekiko pertzepzio positiboagoak dituzte irakaslearekin gustura dauden ikasle horiek. Honez gain, autoestimuari dagokionez, hainbat faktoreen araberako alderdia da, baina aipatzekoa da Jarduera Fisikoa praktikatzen duten ikasleek, autoestimu handiagoa edukitzen dutela. Baina, alderdi fisikoaz gain, gaitasun sozialek ere badaude autoestimu mailarekin elkarreraginean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62978,2023-06-26,"In the last years, pushbacks, as a response of state’s authorities, have become a practice as common as judged because of its illicitness. On this matter, people have often criticised that these returns do not fulfil those obligations and rights stipulated by the national and international rules (especially those related to human rights). In this dynamic, the Spanish state has gotten used to performing these practices on its borders (such as the border located in Ceuta) in order to deal with the irregular entrances of immigrants from Morocco. However, at the present the legality of the performance of this pushbacks carried out by the Spanish authorities is still on debate","Immigrazio irregularraren aurrean estatuetako autoritateek emandako erantzun gisa, beroan egindako itzulketak azken urteotan ohiko eta epaitutako praktika bihurtu dira bere zilegitasun ezagatik. Ildo horretan, sarritan kritikatua izan da itzulketa horiek ez dituztela betetzen bai arau nazionaletan bai nazioartekoetan ezarritako eskubide eta betebeharrak (bereziki giza eskubideei dagozkienak). Dinamika horretan, Espainiako estatuak bere muga-lerroetan praktika hori erabiltzeko ohitura hartu du, Ceutako mugan kasu, Marokotik datozen immigranteen sarrera irregularrei aurre egiteko. Hala ere, Espainiako autoritateek beroan egindako itzulketen erabileraren legezkotasuna eztabaidagai da gaur egun ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29148,2018-10-18,"Abstract: Providing Borglum Kollegiet with power by using different renewable energies has a twofold objective: to contribute towards the conservation of the environment and natural resources and to achieve being self-sufficient in terms of energy. Firstly, the residence is described together with the heating, hot water for sanitary use and electricity system supply. Some key features of the danish energy model are highlighted and the main objectives for the coming years are mentioned. Besides, a detailed study of the primary renewable energies at global level is carried out and their advantages and drawbacks are explained. Taking into account the characteristics of the place, three of them are chosen: biomass and geothermal energy for thermal power and wind energy for electric power; and the possibility of implementing them is analysed. Finally, an economic study is undertaken which shows the feasibility of the project and the annual economic savings that it would generate.","Laburpena: Borglum Kollegiet erresidentziaren energia horniketa zenbait energia berriztagarrien bidez helburu bikoitza dauka: ingurumenaren kontserbazioa bermatzea eta energetikoki bere gai izatea lortzea. Hasteko, erresidentzia deskribatzen da baita honen hornitze sistema elektriko eta termikoa. Gainera, Dinamarkako modelu energetikoaren zenbait datu ezartzen dira eta haien proiektuak denbora laburrean energia eta ingurumenerako . Halaber, beroa eta elektrizitatea transmititzeko gaur egungo energia berriztagarri garrantzitsuen ikerketa bat egingo non hauen abantailak eta eragozpenak ezarriko dira. Segidan, ikertzen hari garen erresidentziarako hauetako batzuen aplikagarritasuna aztertzen da eta energia geotermikoaren bidez eta biomasatik ateratako energiaren bidez hornitzeko ekipamenduak kalkulatzen dira . Azkenean, amortizazio denbora ezagutzeko ikerketa ekonomiko bat aurrera eramaten da. Izan ere hau ez da bere helburu bakarra; urteroko mozkinak ere lortu ahal dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25902,2018-03-22,"Nowadays, the presence of foreign students in schools has increased which in addition to promoting the Basque language, must respect and treat each child's mother tongue. Therefore, in this task we have examined 8 foreign and 8 autochthonous 5-year-old children enrolled in a language immersion programme, making use of several linguistic features (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, determinants, conjunctions and declination) with the aim of assesing their the oral knowledge and proposing activites for them to make progresss. For this, the children were interviewed using some pictures. These interviews were transcribed and analised quantitatively and qualitatively using charts.","Gaur egun, eskoletan ikasle etorkinen presentzia gero eta ugariagoa da. Hortaz, eskolek euskara hizkuntza sustatzeaz gain, haur bakoitzaren ama-hizkuntza errespetatu eta landu behar du. Hori horrela, lan honetan murgiltze programan eskolatuta dauden 5 urteko 8 haur etorkin eta 8 haur autoktono aztertu dira, horiek ezaugarri linguistiko batzuetan (izenak, aditzak, adjektiboak, adberbioak, determinatzaileak, konjuntzioak eta deklinabidea) daukaten jabekuntza maila ahoz zein den dokumentatzeko eta hobetzeko jarduerak proposatzeko. Horretarako, haurrei irudi bidezko elkarrizketak egin zaizkie. Geroago, horiek transkribatu dira eta taulak erabiliz, emaitzen azterketa kuantitatiboa eta kualitatiboa egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14320,2015-02-02,"In this Project design and optimization of a very small wind turbine powering gridisolated electrical systems is done; concretely, it will be applied to a lighting system. Each wind turbine component is analysed, comparing different possible choices and selecting easy, non-expensive, and efficient solutions for all of them. A first dimensioning is also carried out. The design effort has been focused on blades because of being considered the most critical and less normalized component. Tools for aerodynamic detailed analysis and optimization have been studied, and they have been implemented in Matlab. An optimal design, adjusted to the system needs, has this way been obtained. Moreover, the required planning tasks have been accomplished by analysing the multiple technical, economic, social and environmental profits this Project will accomplish and carrying out a complete programming and cost study.","Proiektu honetan oso potentzia gutxiko haize-sorgailu baten diseinua eta hobereneratzea garatzen dira. Haize-sorgailu hau sistema elektriko isolatuak elikatzeko bideratua dago; argiztapen sistema hain zuzen ere. Haize-sorgailu sistemaren osagai guztiak aztertzen dira. Bidezko aukerak konparatzen dira eta osagai bakoitzerako soluzio merke, eraginkor eta samurrak aukeratzen dira. Halaber, osagai horitako aurre-dimentsionamendua egiten da. Diseinuaren ahalegina paletan jarri da osagairik kritikoena eta normalizatu gutxiena dela kontsideratzen da eta. Palen analisi zehaztua egiteko eta ikuspuntu aerodinamiko batetik hobereneratzeko metodo batzuk aztertu dira eta Matlab-en bidez garatu dira. Horren ezker, haize-sorgailuaren diseinua sistemaren beharrekin bat dator. Horrez gain, beste zeregin batzuk egin dira, adibidez, plangintza, proiektuaren onurak (teknikoak, ekonomikoak, gizartekoak eta ingurumenekoak), proiektuaren programazioa eta kostuen analisia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25570,1995,"After a brief explanation about physician-patient relation, in which the importance of this relation for !he medical care is pointed out, their essential characters, volitive, sentient and intellectual are analysed, to open the way to the study of the fundamental factors of the medical praclice: diagnostic, treatment amd prognosis.","Sendagile-gaixoaren arteko harremanaren jatorriei buruzko azalpen labur bat egin ondoren, zeinean harreman horren garrnntzia azpimarratzen da Medikuntza laguntzan, beren oinarrizko, bolitibo, sensorial eta intelektual ezaugarriak aztertzen dira, zeregin medikoaren funtsezko elementuak ikertuz: diagnostikoa, tratamendua eta pronostikoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26491,1987,"After analycing the economical crisis influence on delinquency development, he studies the Actual Code answers, The 1980 Proyect and the 1983 Law Proposed Proposal, ending with the new perspectives for the future.","Krisialdi ekonomikoak dilinkuenzia-bilakabidean duen eragina ikertutakoan, erantzunak indarreango Kode, 1980.eko Projektu eta 1983.eko Aurreprojektu-Proposamenean aztertu zituen, antzeman daitezkeen perspektiba berriekin amaituko zuelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29448,2018-10-31,The aim of the project is the start-up of an Eclipse SCADA platform for the monitoring of a basic automation system with access to the process variables through a communication system with control devices.,"Lan honen helburua Eclipse SCADA plataforma martxan jartzea da, oinarrizko automatizazio sistema baten jarraipena egiteko, prozesuaren aldagaietara sartzeko kontrol dispositiboak dituen komunikazio sistema baten bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46920,2020-10-15,"Historically, the Basque Country has been a territory of great industrial activity, especially in the field of steel manufacturing. For this reason, today it is the autonomous community that generates the most waste from the metallurgical industry in all of Spain, where most of it is made up of black steel slag, around 370,000 tons of slag annually. Despite the fact that a large volume of this slag is valued by sectors such as construction or the metallurgical industry itself, a large part of black steel slag is disposed of in Basque landfills, a figure that has increased in recent years, with the consequent environmental impact that this entails. Taking into account the need to identify new possibilities for the recovery of steel slag, and the great room for improvement in terms of waste heat recovery from the Basque industry, detailed by the Basque Energy Agency in its annual reports, the use of it as a thermal storage material, it is presented as a potential possibility of recovery in a strategic sector such as the energy sector. Therefore, in order to promote energy recovery practices, in this document, in addition to analyzing the physical-thermal properties of slag, an analysis of the economic, energy and environmental benefits that the recovery of slag, as a raw material for thermal storage systems, if these were installed in all electric arc furnaces in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. Likewise, this possibility of energy recovery, together with various possibilities promoted by the Basque public administration in the construction sector, would constitute a great step for the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country towards a more circular economy where slag would go from being considered as a waste deposited in a landfill, to be considered as a low cost and high performance by-product.","Historikoki, Euskal Herria industria jarduera handiko lurraldea izan da, batez ere altzairugintzaren alorrean. Hori dela eta, gaur egun Espainiako metalgintzako industriatik hondakin gehien sortzen duen autonomia erkidegoa da, gehienak altzairu beltzezko zepaz osatuta daude, urtero 370.000 tona zepa inguru. Nahiz eta zepa horren kopuru handia eraikuntza edo metalurgia industria bezalako sektoreek baloratzen duten, altzairuzko zepa beltzaren zati handi bat euskal zabortegietara botatzen da, azken urteetan gora egin duen kopurua horrek dakarren ingurumen-inpaktua. Altzairuzko zepak berreskuratzeko aukera berriak identifikatzeko beharra eta euskal industriaren hondakinen beroa berreskuratzeko hobetzeko aukera bikaina kontuan hartuta, Energiaren Euskal Erakundeak bere urteko txostenetan zehazten duen erabilera kontuan hartuta biltegiratze termikoko material gisa, energia sektorea bezalako sektore estrategiko batean berreskuratzeko aukera gisa aurkezten da. Hori dela eta, energia berreskuratzeko praktikak sustatzeko, dokumentu honetan, zepen propietate fisiko-termikoak aztertzeaz gain, berreskuratzeak dakartzan onura ekonomikoak, energetikoak eta ingurumenekoak aztertzen ditu. zepak, biltegiratze termikoko sistemetarako lehengai gisa, horiek Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko arku elektrikoko labe guztietan instalatuko balira. Era berean, energia berreskuratzeko aukera hori, euskal administrazio publikoak eraikuntzaren sektorean sustatutako hainbat aukerarekin batera, urrats handia izango litzateke Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoarentzat ekonomia zirkularrago baterantz. zabortegian gordetako hondakina, kostu baxuko eta errendimendu handiko azpiproduktu gisa kontsideratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14094,2015-01-19,"Abstract: This Degree’s Final Project aims the study of itineraries in the space through its representation in the plane. An educative proposal was presented base on the realistic mathematical teaching. Using as a context the itinerary in the school environment, we had mathematized a context where children live and experience, by designing tasks and activities that enabled us to relate the mathematical processes with the curriculum content for this stage. The implementation in the school in which we were doing the practices allowed us to analyze the achieved results that presented in the conclusions.","Laburpena: Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua espazioan egindako ibilbideen azterketa da, beraien planoko errepresentazioaren bidez. Aurkezten genuen hezkuntza proposamena matematika errealistaren irakaskuntzaren printzipioetan oinarritzen zen. Testuinguru giza eskola inguruneko ibilbideak erabiliz, neska-mutikoek bizi eta esperimentatzen zuten ingurunea matematizatu genuen, prozesu matematikoak etapa honi zegozkion eduki kurrikularrekin erlazionatzea ahalbideratzen ziguten zereginak eta jarduerak disenatuz. Hezkuntza proposamen hau praktikak egin genituen zentroan txertatzeak ondorioetan aurkezten genituen emaitzen azterketa ahalbideratu zigun." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29458,2018-10-31,"Sudden cardiac arrest is the absence of blood circulation due to the sudden cessation of the mechanical activity of the heart. Two actuations are very important after a sudden cardiac arrest: early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation. The quality of chest compressions is essential to increase the possibilities of survival. For this reason, the acceleration signal can be used to calculate the depth signal of the compressions. The depth signal is off-line obtained from the registers. This work studies two methods to get the depth signal off-line from the acceleration signal during the CPR. In this study, registers with CPR information and the MATLAB software for signal processing have been used. In order to check the reliability of the methods, a graphical representation has been implemented.","Bihotz-biriketako geldialdia odol-zirkulazioaren etetea da bihotzaren aktibitate bat-bateko geldialdi baten ondorioz. Bihotz-biriketako geldialdian, bi ekintza hauek ezinbestekoak dira: bihotz-biriketako berpizte goiztiarra eta desfibrilazio goiztiarra. Bularreko sakaden kalitatea oso garrantzitsua da bizirik irauteko aukerak handitzeko. Egindako bihotz-biriketako berpiztea aztertzeko, bular-sakaden azelerazio seinale erregistratu daiteke sakaden sakontasuna lortzeko. Prozesu hau off-line egiten da, seinaleak gordeta duten erregistroak erabiliz. Lan honetan bular-sakaden azelerazio seinaletik sakontasuna seinalea lortzeko bi metodo off-line inplementatuko dira. Helburua lortzeko, bihotz-biriketako berpizteen informazioa duten erregistroak eta MATLAB softwarea erabiliko dira. Emaitzak aztertzeko, errepresentazio grafikoa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19641,2016-11-29,"The purpose of this project is to improve the functionality of WebODF´s editor application. WebODF along with its editor applications allows the visualization and modification of ODF documents from inside a browser, which can be used for wikis and collaborative editing, in a similar manner as Google Docs’ editor. However, compared to a normal office suite, these editors lack many essential features, without which even relatively simple documents cannot be made. Due to this lack of features, the potential of these applications remains untapped. Thus, this project aims to fix part of this problem, by adding features so the editors are closer in functionality to a full-fledged office suite.","Proiektu honek WebODF editore aplikazioaren funtzionaltasuna hobetzea du helburu. WebODF ak bere baitan dauzkan beste editore aplikazioekin batera, web orrialdeetako ODF elementuen aldaketa eta bistaratzea ahalbidetzen du, wiki eta elkarlaneko editoreetan erabilia izan daitekeelarik, adibidez, Google Docs editoreak egiten duen erara. Hala ere, bulegoetako suite arrunt batekin alderatuz, editore honek ez ditu normalean eskaintzen diren funtzionalitateetako asko, beraz, ezinezkoa bilakatzen da dokumentu sinpleenak egitea. Arazo hau kontuan izanik, aplikazio honen potentziala guztiz garatuta ez dagoela esan dezakegu. Hori dela eta, proiektu honen helburua, arazo hauen konponketa izango da, edizio aukera gehiago txertatuz editore aplikazioari, horrela, bulegoetako suite arruntek ematen dituzten funtzionalitate aukeretara hurbilduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16279,2015-12-01,"In a detached house, placed in the northern Spanish ‘Rioja Alavesa’ area (already constructed) with no connection to the electric net, is planned to be installed photovoltaic cells sitting on the roof, with the purpose of being electrically autonomous. As its use is as second residence mainly in the good weather season it may be a profitable inversion.","Arabako Errioxan, Oion herrian kokatutako familiabakarreko etxebizitza batean, eta sare elektrikoari lotuta ez dagoena, jadanik eraikita, teilatuan hornituko dira plaka fotoboltaikoak, independentea izan dadin elektrikoki. Bigarren etxebizitzarako erabiltzen denez, batez ere eguraldi ona dagoenean, inbertsio interesgarria izan daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14086,2015-01-19,"It is not strange to find at school nowadays some lack of possibilities for the Pre-School’s child to develop creativity. This project has been created with the intention of giving an answer to this lack of possibilities. It is proposed to combine three main means: on one hand, music, because it offers multiple possibilities to develop creativity; on the other hand, motion, which is a very important function in child’s physical and cognitive development; and, finally, the game as an integration element, a basic activity in human’s childhood. The games that will be proposed next, have been specifically created, selected and adapted in order to develop creativity in a playful way. After putting them in practise in the Alkartu Public Ikastola of Barakaldo, we can say that children can develop creativity nearly without limits if the teacher provides them with the suitable means.","Ez da arraroa, egungo eskolan, nolabaiteko aukera eza aurkitzea Haur Hezkuntzako haurraren sormena garatzeko. Aukera eza honi erantzuna emateko asmoz sortu da proiektu hau. Hiru bitarteko nagusi uztartzea proposatzen da: alde batetik, musika, sormenaren garapenerako aukera anitz eskaintzen dituelako; bestetik, mugimendua, haurraren garapenen fisiko eta kognitiboan berebiziko garrantzia duen funtzioa; eta, azkenik, jolasa elementu integratzaile bezala, gizakiok haurtzaroan dugun oinarrizko jarduera. Ondoren proposatzen diren jolasak zehazki sortuak, aukeratuak eta moldatuak izan dira sormena era ludikoan garatzeko. Barakaldoko Alkartu Ikastola Publikoan praktikan jarri eta gero, esan dezakegu haurrek ia mugarik gabeko sormena garatu dezaketela, irakasleak bitarteko egokiak eskura jartzen badizkie." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73261,2025-05-07,"This thesis validates a 2D APDL steady-state thermal model of a freight train wheel during tread braking by comparing it to a 3D Finite Element model in ANSYS Workbench. The APDL model uses harmonic axisymmetric elements and Fourier-decomposed non-axisymmetric loads, while the Workbench model directly applies the decomposed steady-state thermal load. A transient model is also developed to validate future APDL models with rotating loads. The steady-state model is tested with both simplified and accurate geometries, and the transient model with simplified geometry. All simulations assume fixed wheel conditions.","Tesi honek merkantzia-trenaren gurpil baten APDL 2D eredu termiko geldikor bat baliozkotzen du errodadura-banda balaztatzen den bitartean, ANSYS Workbench-en 3D elementu finituen modelo batekin alderatuz. APDL ereduak elementu harmoniko axisimetrikoak erabiltzen ditu, eta karga ez-axisimetrikoak Fourierren transformatuaren bidez deskonposatzen dira. Bestalde, Workbench ereduak zuzenean aplikatzen du egoera egonkorrean deskonposatutako karga termikoa. Horrez gain, etorkizunean karga birakariak dituzten APDL eredu iragankorrak baliozkotzeko, eredu iragankor bat garatu da. Eredu geldikorra geometria sinplifikatu eta zehatzekin aztertzen da, eta eredu iragankorra soilik geometria sinplifikatuarekin. Simulazio guztiak gurpil finkoen baldintzetan egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50989,2021-04-15,"Throughout history, women have accompanied and continue to accompany inequality as we live in a society full of social inequalities. In school, as a space of socialization, things are not different either. Taking into account this situation, the aim of this work is to know and understand the gender inequalities that occur in Primary Education. For this purpose, a systematic observation of a group of 2nd Primary has been carried out using a template and a field work. After the qualitative analysis of the results, some general conclusions have been drawn, which, with exception, have reflected the following: that gender inequalities in society are reflected in school, that students and teachers reproduce certain stereotypes and attitudes of gender imposed by society and that many of the materials and contents used in the classrooms of Primary are sexist. In view of this, it has been shown that progress has to be made on the path of coeducation and that teachers have a great responsibility in this task.","Historian zehar emakumeok desberdintasuna bidelagun izan dugu eta izaten jarraitzen dugu, izan ere, desberdintasun sozialez beteriko gizarte batean bizi gara. Eskolan ere, sozializazio espazioa den aldetik, gauzak ez dira desberdinak. Egoera hau kontuan hartuz, lan honen helburua Lehen Hezkuntzan gertatzen diren genero-desberdintasunak ezagutzea eta ulertzea da. Horretarako, txantilioi eta landa lan baten bitartez Lehen Hezkuntzako 2.mailako talde baten behaketa sistematikoa egin da. Emaitzak kualitatiboki aztertu ostean ondorio nagusi batzuk atera dira, eta salbuespenak salbuespen, hurrengoa islatu da: gizartean dauden genero desberdintasunak eskolan islatzen direla, ikasle zein irakasleek gizarteak inposatutako genero estereotipo eta jarrera jakin batzuk erreproduzitzen dituztela eta Lehen Hezkuntzako gelatan erabiltzen diren material eta eduki asko sexistak direla. Hau ikusita, hezkidetzaren bidean aurrera egiten jarraitu behar dela argi geratu da, baita zeregin horretan irakasleok erantzukizun handia dugula ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19667,2016-11-30,"In this document it’s been carried out an analysis of the usual tests made on static and rotating electric machines. These tests are important both on the manufacturing step as on the start up, because they allow to characterize the machine and study its operating condition. First of all, it’s been done a theoretical research of these tests and later it’s been carried out a simulation of some of them with the software tool Matlab/Simulink. This way, we have came to some conclusions that allow for proving all that we have previously analyzed on a theoretical way.","Dokumentu honetan makina elektriko estatiko eta birakarietan gauzatzen diren entsegurik ohikoenen analisia gauzatu da. Entsegu hauek garrantzi handia dute bai fabrikazio etapan bai abiaraztean, makina elektrikoa bereiztea eta bere egoera aztertzea baimentzen dutelako. Lehenik eta behin entsegu hauen ikerketa teorikoa egin da eta geroago Matlab/Simulink software erremintaren bitartez hauetako baten itxura bat gauzatu da. Horrela, aldez aurretik aztertutakoa forma teorikoan balioztatzea ahalbidetu duten ondorioak lortu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14436,2015-02-17,"This final Project work discusses the design of a microstrip technology antenna array to be used in the band of 5 GHz of the IEEE 802.11a standard for wireless technologies. The project will apply the theory of arrays to achieve the greatest gain possible, but at the same time trying to get a high bandwidth for the antenna in order to be optimal in the largest possible part of the specified band. The project will start with a single microstrip and it will be design up to a 2x2 array elements. To the first design will be gradually adding all the necessary components (matching network, phase shifters, more number of patches, etc.) to go studying simulations while the design progresses. All designs are made with the ADS (Advanced Design System) software of the company Agilent Technologies. Finally, the array is fabricated and measured to contrast with the simulations.","Gradu amaierako lan hau, mikrostrip teknologiaz oinarrituta dauden antenetako array baten diseinuari buruzkoa da, IEEE 802.11a. estandarreko haririk gabeko teknologietako 5 GHz ko bandan erabiltzea helburua izanez. Arraye teoria aplikatzea saiatuko da mozkin gehien lortzeko eta aldi berean, aipatutako bandako zati ahalik eta handienaren barruan antena ezin hobea izateko, banda zabal handia lortzea saiatuko da. Proiektua mikrostrip adabaki bakar batekin hasiko da eta gero diseinua aldatuko da 2x2 elementuetako array bat izateko. Lehenengo diseinuari beharrezko osagai guztiak gehituko zaizkio ( egokitu-sarea, desfasadoreak, adabaki gehiago,…), diseinua aurrera joaten den bitartean simulazioak ikasi ahal izateko asmoz. Diseinu guztiak Agilent Technologies Etxeko ADS softwarez (Advanced Design System)egingo dira. Azkenik, diseinatutako array ekoitziko da, eta neurtuko da simulazioekin egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30314,2018-12-12,"In this project we have developed the intelligent control of a greenhouse that is connected to cloud using the different elements provided by Anduino and the authors of open hardware that are on brand on this moment in time. The control of the greenhouse is based on the humidity and temperature of air and land. There are also processes involved in the measurement of time but these ones are not considered as part of the control because they do not have closed loops. In this way, using the lecture of these variables the program implemented in Anduino gives the greenhouse the intelligence needed to act autonomously, activating the actuators when needed, including a light source, a ventilator and a water pump. When talking about implementation, we have programed the lecture of the sensors mentioned above. We have also developed a PCB that interconnects the different elements between them so there are no connexion errors and providing the model with a more aesthetically pleasing look. We have designed and manufactured some elements using 3D printing due to the fact that the mock up needed some pieces with a specific geometry","Proiektu honetan, lainora konektatuta dagoen lorategi baten kontrol adimentsua garatu da, Arduino plataformak eskaintzen dituen elementu desberdinei esker eta gaur egun modan dauden “open hardware” fabrikatzaileen bitartez. Lorategiaren kontrola airearen eta lurraren tenperatura eta hezetasunean oinarritzen da nagusiki. Denborarekin kontrolatzen diren prozesuak ere badaude, baina hauek ez dira kontrolekoak kontsideratzen, lazo itxiko sistema bat erabiltzen ez dutelako. Modu honetan, eragingailuak behar direnean soilik aktibatzen dira aldagaien irakurketaren arabera, hauek argia, haizagailua eta ur ponpa izanik. Arduinon inplementatutako programak, lorategiak modu adimentsu eta autonomoan lan egin dezan gaitzen du. Inplementazioari dagokionez, lehenago aipatutako sentsoreen irakurketa programatu da. PCB bat diseinatu eta fabrikatu da, konexio desberdinak eginez, kontaktu erroreak murriztuz ekipo fidagarriago bat lortuz eta itxura hobea emanez proiektuari. Geometria espezifikoa zuten pieza batzuk ere diseinatu eta fabrikatu dira 3D inpresioa erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29503,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is to design the control system of a heat flow experiment. To achieve this aim, first we must create a software for the identification of the system to later on make the design of the controller and finally with the parameters calculated for the controller we need a software implement the control. For the identification and the control of the heat flow experiment the tool that has been use is a PLC.","Proiektu honen helburua tenperatura maketa erreal baten kontrol-sistema diseinatzea da. Horretarako, lehendabizi sistemaren eredua lortzeko software bat eraiki da, ondoren eredu horretatik kontrolagailuaren diseinua egin ahal izateko eta azkenik aurretik kalkulatutako diseinu parametroekin dagokion kontrol-sistema inplementatu ahal izateko programa bat sortu da. Maketaren identifikazioa eta ondorengo kontrola PLC baten bidez egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63921,2016-12-27,"P. Bourdieu defines habitus as a universal grammar, as a system of assimilated dispositions related to perceptions, thoughts, discourses, acts and practices. Urretabizkaia and Sarrionandia are part of The Field of Translated Basque Literature. Therefore, both of them have a specific habitus that should be understood linked to the socio-economical, political and cultural field in which The Field of Translated Basque Literature is located. In this paper, I will focus on Urretabizkaia’s and Sarrionandia’s translation-habitus: I will discuss their translation habits, their attitudes towards translation, their links to translation, their translation experiences, their contribution to Basque translation and the trace translation has printed on them. For that purpose, I will get back to a questionnaire they answered in 2013, and I will comment and compare their answers to the questions about their language acquisition, their involvement with translation, their experiences with translation, their thoughts about Basque translation and their use of translation or translators in their fictional works.","P. Bourdieuren arabera, gramatika unibertsal moduko bat da habitusa, barneratutako jarrera-sistema bat, zerikusia duena norberaren pertzepzioekin, pentsamenduekin, diskurtsoarekin, ekintzekin eta praktikekin. Euskal literatura itzuliaren eremuko parte dira Urretabizkaia eta Sarrionandia, eta, hortaz, habitus jakin bat dute, eremu sozioekonomiko, politiko eta kultural jakin bati lotutakoa. Bi idazleen itzulpen-habitusaz ariko gara hemen; alegia, bi idazleen itzulpen-ohiturez eta jarrerez, itzulpenarekin duten loturez, euskal itzulpengintzari egindako ekarpenez eta itzulpenak eurengan utzitako lorratzaz. Euren hizkuntzen ikasketa-prozesuaz, itzulpenarekin izandako loturaz, itzulpen-esperientziez, euskal itzulpengintzari buruzko iritziaz eta itzulpena fikzioan baliatu izanaz galdetu genien 2013an, eta orduan egindako galderen erantzunak jaso, azaldu eta elkarrekin erkatu ditugu artikulu honetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50985,2021-04-15,"Motor skills work has great relevance in personal development, especially at the school stage. The objective of this study is to analyse and compare the motor development program proposed in the formal and non-formal educational fields, in the Ikastola Udarregi in Usurbil (subject of Physical Education) and the Zirimara program (School Sports). From an observational tool designed ad hoc, the tasks collected in both schedules were analysed from a quantitative (motor commitment time) and qualitative (internal logic of the tasks) perspective. Overall, the results showed a high motor compromise, with a high motor time and density (80% and 86%). At the qualitative level, although there was a presence of the different domains of action and different configuration of the tasks according to their internal logic, this was not done in an equitable way, assuming the psychomotor domain, tasks with material and without memory, the greatest weight. In School Sports, a lower motor involvement was observed, with a lower motor commitment time and density. In the management of the motor action domains, in Physical Education a less equitable distribution was observed, with the opposition sociomotor being the domain with the least presence (5%) and the body expression domain the most used (28%). In School Sports, tasks with memory and without material had more weight with respect to what was scheduled in Physical Education. Diagnosing the motor work proposal based on the structural features of the tasks to be implemented can be of great help in identifying and optimizing its teaching potential.","Motrizitatearen lanak garrantzi handia du garapen pertsonalean, bereziki eskola garaian. Jarraian aurkezten den azterlanaren helburua hezkuntza-eremu formalean eta ez-formalean proposatutako garapen motorreko programa aztertzea eta alderatzea da, Usurbilgo Udarregi Ikastolan (Gorputz Hezkuntza ikasgaia) eta Zirimara programan (Eskola Kirola). Ad hoc diseinatutako behaketa-tresna batetik abiatuta, bi programazioetan jasotako jarduerak ikuspegi kuantitatibo (konpromiso-denbora motorra) eta kualitatibo batetik (zereginen barne-logika) aztertu ziren. Oro har, emaitzek konpromiso motor handia erakutsi zuten, denbora motor eta dentsitate handiekin (%80 eta %86). Maila kualitatiboan, akzio motorraren domeinu eta zereginen barne-logikaren araberako konfigurazio desberdina zuten jarduerak egon ziren arren, hori ez zen modu ekitatiboan gertatu, jarduera psikomotorrek, materialdunek eta memorigabeek zereginek pisu handiena bere gain hartu baitzuten. Eskola-kirolean, inplikazio motor txikiagoa egiaztatu zen, konpromiso motor eta dentsitate txikiagoarekin. Ekintza motorreko domeinuak erabiltzean, Gorputz Hezkuntzan banaketa ez zen ekitatiboa izan, eta oposiziozko soziomotorra izan zen presentzia txikieneko domeinua (%5) eta gorputz-adierazpenekoa erabiliena (%28). Eskola-kirolean, memoriadun jarduerak eta materialik gabeko zereginek pisu handiagoa izan zuten Gorputz Hezkuntzan programatutakoarekin alderatuta. Lan motorraren proposamena diagnostikatzea, ezarri beharreko zereginen egiturazko ezaugarrietan oinarrituta oso lagungarria izan daiteke haren potentzial didaktikoa identifikatu eta optimizatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42085,2020-03-10,"During this piece of work, we can observe the importance that scientific education has in pre-school (2 to 6 year olds) in order to make girls and boys understand and transmit scientific concepts in an accurate way. Likewise, this piece of work reveals us how teachers should teach in class and also, the preconceived ideas that children commonly have, so that the learning process is made as adecuate as possible. Furthermore, the investigation that has taken place in a semi-private school, explains how to teach science by scientific workshops and also, how to use Formative Assesment in an appropiate way, including in it Scientific Talk and an assesment rubric.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan zehar, heziketa zientifikoa Haur Hezkuntzan (2-6) lantzearen garrantzia ikus daiteke, etorkizunean umeak kontzeptu zientifikoak ulertzeko eta transmititzeko gai izateko. Halaber, alde batetik, irakasleek nola jokatu behar duten zehazten da, eta bestetik, umeak dauzkaten ideiak irudikatzen dira, irakaskuntzaikaskuntza prozesu egokia eman ahal izateko. Bestalde, lantegi zientifikoak geletan nola landu behar diren nabarmentzen da, eta horrez gain, Ebaluazio Formatiboa nola lantzen den zehazten da. Ebaluazio Formatiboa aurrera eramateko, berriketa zientifikoa erabiltzen da eta ebaluazio errubrika bat azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25626,1993,"The problem of criminal responsability is analysed from the point of view of Clinical Criminology, focusing on the study of criminal personality and on the Criminology of the ""taking into action"".","Kriminologi klinikoaren ikuspegitik, ardura kriminalaren arazoa aztertzen da, nortasun kriminalaren ikasketan eta ""ekintzari pausoa'-ren Kriminologian erdiratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20037,2016-12-29,"The aim of this Grade Final Project has been to design and create a collection of comics that incorporate a technological innovation, Augmented Reality, to work and think about gender violence at the school. To do this, we have created a collection of five comics, which are classified in the different courses that Primary Education has; and which are finally online available by a web page. In order to provide both students and teachers in Basque comics, to work gender violence in an innovative and interactive way.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, berrikuntza teknologikoa, Errealitate Areagotua, gehitzen duen komiki bilduma bat diseinatzea eta sortzea izan da, genero indarkeriaren gaia eskoletan lantzeko eta honen inguruan hausnartzeko aukera eskaintzeko. Horretarako, Errealitate Areagotua eskaintzen duten bost komiki sortu dira, Lehen Hezkuntzako ziklo ezberdinetan sailkatuak izan direnak eta azken batean web orrialdea baten bitartez online eskuragarri daudenak; ikasleek zein irakasleek Euskarazko komikiak eskura izatearen helburu gisa, genero indarkeria modu interaktibo eta berritzaile batean landuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29146,2018-10-18,"The project consists on the supply of electrical and thermal energy, using renewable energy equipment, for a residential area of 300 homes located in Madrid. The objective of this project would be completed by 3 different energies: solar thermal, cogeneration and minieolic. With minieolic and cogeneration electrical energy will be obtained, and the thermal energy will be obtained with solar thermal and the part of cogeneration destinated to heat. Finally, an economic analysis of the project will be made to verify Its viability.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Madrilen dagoen 300 biztanle dituen urbanizazio baten ornikuntza termiko eta elektrikoa egitea da horrerarako energia berriztagarriak erabiliko dira. Proiektu hau aurrera eramateko 3 energia mota ezberdin erabiliko dira: eguzki termikoa, kogenerazioa eta minieolikoa. Minieolikoa eta Kogenerazioaren bidez energi elektrikoa eskuratuko da, bestetik energia termikoa eguzki termikoa eta berora bideratutako kogenerazioarekin lortuko da. Lanari amaiera emateko analisi ekonomikoa egingo da proiektua bideragarria denentz egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67746,2024-05-08,"This project is about an investigation into the level of language acquisition of children in pre-school education. For this purpose, nine children were asked to retell the story of 'Elmer' twice, two months apart. After the recordings, children’s productions were analysed on the basis of different characteristics related to the morphosyntactic dimension. After the analysis, the different productions of the children were compared, as they were of different ages (3, 4 and 5 years old) and their mother languages were also different (Basque, Spanish and Arabic).","Lan honetan Haur Hezkuntzako haurren hizkuntzaren jabekuntza maila ikusteko ikerketa bat egin da. Horretarako, bederatzi umeri eskatu zitzaien Elmerren ipuina birritan birkontatzeko, bi hilabeteko aldearekin. Grabazioen ondoren, haurren ekoizpenak ezaugarri morfosintaktiko ezberdinen arabera aztertu ziren. Azterketa egin ondoren, ekoizpen horiek alderatu egin ziren adinaren arabera (3, 4 eta 5 urte) eta ama hizkuntzaren arabera (euskara, gaztelania eta arabiera)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25870,2018-03-21,"The development of technology has brought with it the creation of a new society, where the media are integrated into our day-to-day. The media are creators of knowledge, therefore, to be able to be integrated in society and to confront the stereotypes and prejudices that the media transmitted, it is important to develop the media capacity of the population. This work of intervention has especially focused on the group on risk of social exclusion formed by the persons with HIV. This work includes the workshops developed on and by the mass media, from February to April of 2017 in the Association T4 for the fight against AIDS. The general objectives of the research are: to develop the media capacity of a group in risk of social exclusion and, using the audio-visual material created through the given formation, to provoke the awareness of the pupils of the University School of teaching of Bilbao. The obtained results reflect the development of the media capacity of the participants and the awareness of the pupils.","Teknologien garapenak gizarte berri baten eraketa ekarri du, non komunikabideak gure egunerokotasunean integraturik dauden. Komunikabideak ezagutzaren sortzaile direnez gero, gizartean integraturik egon ahal izateko eta komunikabideek transmititu ditzaketen estereotipoei eta aurreiritziei aurre egiteko, garrantzitsua da biztanleriaren gaitasun mediatikoa garatzea. Esku-hartze honek bereziki fokua bazterketa arrisku egoeran dagoen GIBdun pertsonen kolektiboan jarri du. Lan honek 2017ko otsailetik-apirilera Hiesaren Aurkako T4 Elkartean garatutako komunikabideen bidezko eta komunikabideei buruzko esku-hartze tailerrak jasotzen ditu. Ikerketaren helburu orokorrak bi dira: gizarte bazterketa arriskuan dagoen kolektibo baten gaitasun mediatikoaren garapena eta, hori lortzeko emandako formazioaren bidez sortutako ikus-entzunezko materiala erabiliz, Bilboko Irakasleen Unibertsitate Eskolako ikasleengan sentsibilizazioa sustatzea. Lortutako emaitzek parte-hartzaileen gaitasun mediatikoaren garapena eta ikasleen sentsibilizazioa islatzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70272,2024-10-31,"Electromagnetic transient studies are used to analyse the response of the electrical system to fast transient conditions caused by lightning strikes, resonances, short circuits, etc. These studies are essential for designing reliable power systems, especially with the growing integration of renewable energy sources, such as solar power and wind. In this research project, a comparison between two advanced simulation tools, GridPack-EMT and PSCAD, is being made. On the one hand, PSCAD is widely used in academia and business because of its user-friendly interface and detailed modelling. On the other hand, GridPack-EMT, an extension of GridPack, offers specialized capabilities for simulating electromagnetic transients in big networks. In this research, an analysis of both these tools is carried out, evaluating their accuracy and applicability in modelling grid stability under fault conditions. Additionally, we have evaluated the influence of different PETSc solver options on GridPack-EMT’s performance. The study highlights the strengths and limitations of each tool, which is important for researches when selecting the appropriate simulation software for EMT studies. Future work emphasizes the need for improved documentation and standardization in GridPack-EMT to enhance its usability and reliability.","Iragankor elektromagnetikoen azterketak sistema elektrikoak izpiek, erresonantziek, zirkuitulaburrek eta abarrek eragindako baldintza iragankor azkarrei ematen dien erantzuna aztertzeko erabiltzen dira. Azterketa horiek funtsezkoak dira sistema elektriko fidagarriak diseinatzeko, bereziki energia-iturri berriztagarriak, hala nola eguzki-energia eta iturri eolikoa, gero eta gehiago integratzen direnean. Ikerketa-proiektu honetan simulazioko bi tresna aurreraturen arteko alderaketa egiten da: GridPack-EMT eta PSCAD. Alde batetik, PSCAD asko erabiltzen da akademia- eta enpresa-munduan, erabiltzeko erraza den interfazeagatik eta modelizazio xehatuagatik. Bestalde, GridPack-EMTek, GridPacken hedapen batek, sare handietan iragankor elektromagnetikoak simulatzeko gaitasun espezializatuak eskaintzen ditu. Ikerketa honetan, bi tresna horiek aztertzen dira, eta sarearen egonkortasunaren modelizazioan duten zehaztasuna eta aplikagarritasuna ebaluatzen da, akats-baldintzetan. Gainera, PETSc solverraren aukera desberdinek GridPack-EMT errendimenduan duten eragina ebaluatu dugu. Azterketak tresna bakoitzaren indarguneak eta mugak nabarmentzen ditu, eta hori garrantzitsua da ikertzaileentzat EMT azterketetarako simulazio-software egokia hautatzeko orduan. Etorkizuneko lanak GridPack-EMTko dokumentazioa eta estandarizazioa hobetzeko beharra nabarmentzen du, haren erabilgarritasuna eta fidagarritasuna hobetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17641,2016-03-16,"This project is based on impulse the participation of both family and community in the field of education and for this, a successful approach and its development, the Interactive Groups, are given in the ikastola R.M. Azkue of Lekeitio. Having analyzed the inclusive education and the methodology that follows this practice, the results obtained from the heterogeneous group of children and the implication in the centre of both community and family confirms the profits obtained.","Lan idatzi hau familien eta komunitatearen partaidetza bultzatzean oinarritzen da, horretarako arrakastazko hezkuntza praktika baten proposamena eta honen aplikazioa Lekeitioko R.M. Azkue ikastolan ezagutzera ematen delarik, Talde Elkarreragileak. Hezkuntza inklusiboaren testuinguruan eta arrakastazko praktika honek jarraitzen duen metodologia aztertuta, lortutako emaitzek haurrak era heterogeneoan taldekatzeak eta komunitateak zein familiak ikastetxean inplikatzeak dituen onurak egiaztatzea ahalbidetzen digute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19485,2016-11-07,"Energy certification about the building placed at 74 1ºD Rekalde Street, will be carried out, through the tool CE3x, provided by the Spanish Government. In addition, technical improvements to be implemented in the building will be projected in order to increase the energetic qualification. These improvements will be analyzed technically as well as economically, finally choosing the best solution.","74 1ºD Errekalde Alameda kokatutako etxebizitzaren egiaztapen energetikoa egingo da, Espainiako Gobernuak emandako CE3x erremintaren bidez. Gainera, hobekuntza teknikoak proiektatuko dira eraikinean inplementatzeko bere kalifikazio energetikoa igotzeko. Hobekuntza hauek bai teknikoki bai ekonomikoki analizatuko dira, azkenik soluzio hobezina aukeratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29463,2018-10-31,"Abstract: In this final grade work an analysis of the components and energy consumption of the Passive Houses has been carried out. To do this, first the 2010/31/UE Directive has been analyzed where nZEB buildings are defined. Then, the term Passive House has been defined and among the standards that certify this type of houses, the German Passivhaus standard has been selected. In order to know the nationalities of the manufacturers of the components of these passive houses, two of the most important databases of the Passive House Institute have been used. Finally, in relation to the energy consumption of buildings, the cases of Germany, Spain, France and the United Kingdom have been analyzed. Each country divides its geography into different climatic zones and follows different criteria for calculating energy consumption. With respect to this last issue, it has been seen that there is still a lot to investigate, and a possible method to face this problem is described.","Laburpena: Gradu amaierako lan honetan Passive House etxebizitzen osagai eta kontsumo energetikoaren analisia egin da. Honetarako lehendabizi 2010/31/UE Direktiban azaltzen den kontsumo energetiko ia nuludun eraikinen (nZEB) esanahia aztertu da. Jarraian Passive House terminoa definitu da eta etxe mota hauek zertifikatzen duten estandarren artean, Passivhaus estandar alemaniarrean sakondu da. Passive House etxebizitza hauek eraikitzeko osagaien fabrikatzaileak nortzuk diren aztertzeko xedearekin, Passive House Institutuko bi datu-base garrantzitsuenak erabili dira eta ondoren berauen arteko bateratze-lana egin da. Azkenik, eraikinen energiaren kontsumoaren inguruan Alemania, Espainia, Frantzia eta Erresuma Batuaren kasuak aztertu dira. Herrialde bakoitzak bere geografia zona klimatiko ezberdinetan sailkatzen duela ikusi da eta eraikuntzarako kontsumo energetikoaren kalkulua egiteko irizpide ezberdinak jarraitzen dituztela. Azken honekin lotuta, hainbat ikerketa-bide zabaltzen dira eta arazo honi aurre egiteko egile batek planteatzen duen metodoa deskribatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/10188,2013-02-21T11:18:18Z,"Nowadays the majority of scientific areas are involved in the nanoscience revolution. Nanoparticles attract special interest of many researchers from the point of view both fundamental science and technological applications. They offer the ability to create sensors that are capable of detecting one virus or such a small concentration of pathogenic substance, that can not be detected by conventional methods. At present, exist 82 cancer treatments based on the use of nanoparticles. Composite materials with nanoparticles are employed as electromagnetic radiation absorbers for protection in the microwave frequencies radiation range. In envarienmental science, metal nanoparticles are used as antipollution material. In this work we have studied the structure and the magnetic properties of FeNi nanoparticles prepared by the method of the electric explosion of wire (EEW). The studies using the technique of X-Ray diffraction (XDR) lead us to conclusion that the nanoparticles are crystallized in a cubic system FCC with 3,596 Å cell parameter. We had also achieved the coherent domain size as high as 35 nm. The samples were subjected to a controlled temperature program to analyze the development of the crystal structure and the crystal size, both in oxygen atmosphere and in vacuum. For learning more about electronic microscopy techniques, useful for present research project, I have attended the course “Fundamentals of scanning electronic microscopy and microanalysis” taught by SGIker at the UPV/EHU. Both SEM and TEM electron microscopes were used in order to obtain the high resolution images of the samples and to analyze their elemental composition. We calculated the mean particle size of the sample (58 nm) using the images taken by SEM. The size of the particles and/or aggregates was measured by Mastersizer 2000 using a laser diffraction method. Breaking the aggregates as much possible we were able to achieve the average size value approaching the size of a single particle (100 nm). Finally, for the magnetic characterization vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) was employed for the measurement of the magnetic moment of the sample, achieving the saturation magnetization of 125 emu/g for FeNi EEW nanoparticles. We have fabricated and characterized the magnetic nanoparticles of iron-nickel showing interesting structural and magnetic properties. The abstract based on the results obtained in present research project was sent to a specialized congress on the materials science (ISMANAM - 2013, Italy).","Gaur egun, zientzia jakintza orok antzeman du nanozientiaren iraultza. Nanopartikulek ikertzaile askoren arreta erakartzen dute; izan ere, ikerkuntzaren ikuspuntutik funtsezkoak dira, eta aplikazio teknologikoetan ere eragina dute. Nanopartikulek, gainera, metodo konbentzional bidez antzeman ezin daitezkeen substantzia patogenoen kontzentrazioak eta birusak hautemateko sentsoreen fabrikazioa errazten dute. Egun, nanopartikulen erabileran oinarritutako 82 kantzer tratamendu existitzen dira; horrez gain, nanopartikulez osatutako materialak mikrouhinen irradiazioaren aurka babesteko erabiltzen dira. Ingurumen zientzien arloan, nanopartikula metalikoak material antikutsagarri bezala erabiltzen dira. Lan honen bitartez hariaren eztanda elektriko teknikai esker gertaturiko FeNi nopartikulen egitura eta ezaugarri magnetikoak aztertu nahi izan dira. X-Izpien (DRX) metodoaren bitartez, nanopartikulak 3.596 Å-eko zelda parametrodun FCC sistema kubikoan kristalizatzen direla zehaztu da. Horretaz gain, domeinu koherente neurria era determinatu da: 35 nm. Lagina, kontrolatutako temperatura programa baten menpe jarri da, eta horri esker, egitura kristalinoa eta kristalaren tamainaren eboluzioa jarraitu ahal izan dira, bai atmosfera oxidatzailean, eta baita espazio hutsean ere. Lana garatzeko orduan erabili diren mikroskopikoen erabilera ikasteko UPV/EHU-ko SGIker erakundeak antolatutako “Ekorketako mikroskopia elektrikoaren oinarriak eta mikroanalisia” kurtsoan parte hartu dut. SEM eta TEM mikroskopio elektronikoak erabili dira bereizmen eta kalitate handiko irudiak lortzeko eta berauen eduki elementala analizatzeko. Oinarri gisa SEM bidez lortutako irudi horiek izanik, partikulen batez besteko tamaina 58 nm-koa dela ondorioztatu da. Mastersizer 2000 gailuarekin, laser difrakzio metodoaren bidez, partikulen eta/edo agregatuen tamaina neurtu da; horretarako, lagina behar beste barreiatzen saiatu da, partikula soil baten tamainako batez besteko tamaina bat lortu arte, 100 nm. Azkenik, karakterizazio magnetikorako VSM sistema erabili da; honek esparru magnetiko estatiko baten presentzian dar-dar egiten duen lagin baten momentu magnetikoa neurtzen du. Horren bitartez, 125 emu/g-ko iman-saturazioa lortu da. Burdin-nikelen nanopartikulak eratu eta karakterizatu dira, eta ateratako ondorioak materialzientzian espezializatutako kongresu batera bidali dira (ISMANAM - 2013, Italia)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71240,2018-12-30,"Knowing and valuing ecosystems, as well as the benefits they provide (known as ecosystem services), is essential for making appropriate decisions about the environment. Promoting teaching-learning processes about the benefits of biodiversity can help children, young people and adults to carry out a critical analysis of reality and make responsible decisions. Despite this, while the concept of ecosystem services has gained global relevance in both science and policy, in the educational sphere this concept needs to be developed and gain importance. Therefore, in order to promote teaching-learning processes on ecosystem services, this paper presents a didactic intervention based on active methodologies. This didactic intervention has been already implemented for three years with great success.","Ekosistemak eta horiek ematen dizkiguten onurak (ekosistemen zerbitzuak deritzena) hobeto ezagutzea eta baloratzea ezinbestekoa da naturaren inguruko erabaki zuzenak hartzeko. Haur, gazte eta helduei biodibertsitateak ematen dituen onuren inguruan ikasketa-irakasketa prozesuak aurrera eramateak, errealitatearen analisi kritikoa egiten eta erabaki arduratsuak hartzen lagun dakieke. Hala ere, ekosistemen zerbitzuen kontzeptuak azken hamarkadan maila zientifikoan zein politikoan nazioarteko berebiziko garrantzia hartu badu ere, hezkuntza arloan kontzeptu hau oraindik garatzeke dago. Horregatik, ekosistemen zerbitzuen inguruko ikasketa-irakasketa prozesuak bultzatzen laguntzeko helburuarekin, lan honetan metodologia aktiboak erabiltzen dituen interbentzio didaktiko bat aurkezten da, zeina hiru urtetan arrakastaz inplementatu den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54138,2021-11-26,"EN: This Master’s Thesis is focused on the methods to measure the Non-Intentional Emissions (NIE) in the Low Voltage (LV) grid. These measurement methods have commonly been related to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) tests. Nevertheless, these procedures are intended to be performed in controlled test environments, i.e. laboratories. Additionally, in the LV grid, Compatibility Levels (CL) for emissions in this medium must be complied with. The waveforms which exceed the CL in the LV grid can affect the correct operation of the rest of the equipment connected to the grid and the communications propagated through this. Furthermore, this medium is a very hostile environment for communications, as it has very changeable properties that are dependent on the consumption, type, number, et cetera of the connected devices. For these reasons, it is essential to correctly characterise the electromagnetic emissions that exist in the LV network. For this purpose, measurement methods that provide the amplitude of the emissions in the spectrum must be used, which have to be designed for the low-voltage network. This Master's Thesis addresses these issues with two main works. First, a comparison has been made with the existing NIE measurement methods, both in the literature and in the EMC and Power Quality (PQ) standards. The second contribution of this work is the proposed three EMI measurement methods for the characterisation of the network waveforms. A digital implementation of CISPR 16-1-1 has been defined, a procedure with which the CL of the grid must be verified. Secondly, a new measurement method, the RMS-A method, has been developed in this work, which allows to calculate the RMS values of the spectrum in the CISPR Band A. Additionally, other new EMI method has been designed, the Approximated Quasi-Peak (AppQP), which provides values similar to CISPR 16-1-1; however, it has lower computational complexity and needs fewer memory requirements.","EUS: Master Amaierako Lan honek Behe Tentsioko (BT) sareko emisio ez-intentzionalak neurtzeko metodoak ditu ardatz. Neurketa-metodo hauek Bateragarritasun Elektromagnetikoko (EMC) proben Interferentzia Elektromagnetikoko (EMI) prozedurekin lotu ohi dira. Hala ere, proba horiek kontrolatutako inguruneetan egiteko diseinatuta daude, hau da, laborategietan burutzeko sortu ziren. Gainera, BT sareetan existitzen diren emisioetarako Bateragarritasun Mailak (CL, Compatibility Levels ingelesez) definitu dira, zeinak gainditu ezin izango diren, sarera konektaturiko gainontzeko ekipoen funtzionamendu egokian edota ingurune horren bidez hedatzen diren komunikazioetan (PLC, Power Line Communications ingelesez) eragin baitezakete. Bestalde, BT sarea oso ingurune desegokia da komunikazioetarako, oso propietate aldakorrak baititu, konektatutako gailuen kontsumoaren, motaren, kopuruaren eta abarren araberakoa baita. Horregatik, garrantzitsua da BT sarean dauden emisio elektromagnetikoak behar bezala ezaugarritzea. Horretarako, espektroko emisioen anplitudea neurtzen duten neurketa-metodoak erabili behar dira, eta behe-tentsioko sarerako diseinatuta egon behar dute. Master Amaierako Lan honek bi ekarpen nagusirekin heltzen die gai horiei. Lehenengoan, gaur egun existitzen diren EMI metodoen konparazioa egin da; bai literaturan, bai EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) eta energiaren kalitatearen estandarretan definitutako metodoak erabiliz. Lan honen bigarren ekarpenean, sareko emisioak ezaugarritzeko hiru EMI neurketa metodo proposatzen dira. CISPR 16-1-1 estandarraren inplementazio digitala definitu da, parametro finkoak dituena. Izan ere, metodo horrekin sareko emisioen maila neurtu behar da CL-ak betetzen direla egiaztatzeko. Bigarrenik, lan honetan neurketa- metodo berri bat garatu da, RMS-A metodoa, espektroaren RMS balioak CISPRren A bandan kalkulatzeko aukera ematen duena. Beste alde betetik, beste EMI metodo berri bat diseinatu da, Approximated Quasi-Peak (AppQP) deitua, CISPR 16-1-1 metodoaren antzeko balioak ematen dituena, baina kostu konputazional txikiagoa duena eta memoria-baliabide gutxiago behar dituena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25907,2018-03-22,"The main goal of this paper is to explore the minority languages of the Spanish State, while working with the consciousness towards them. In order to provide a wider perspective to the topic and reflect the Basque, Galician, Asturian and Catalan languages, a documentary in which four minority language speakers’ take part has been created. Alongside the documentary, a didactic unit addressed to students of sixth course of primary school has also been attached. This didactic proposal will be based on an activity notebook that distinguishes three main phases: before watch-ing the documentary, while watching it and after watching it. In each phase, a group or individual activity has been proposed. To conclude with the paper, a general con-clusion about the created resource has been written.","Lan honen helburua Estatu Espainoleko hizkuntza minorizatuen egoeraren ezagu-tzan sakontzea da, era berean, hizkuntza hauekiko kontzientzia landuz. Horretara-ko, lau hizkuntza minorizaturen hiztunak ageri diren dokumentala sortu da, hala nola, euskara, galiziera, asturiera eta katalana islatuz. Horrekin batera, lehen hez-kuntzako 6.mailako ikasleei zuzenduriko proposamen didaktikoa aurkeztu da, jardu-eren koaderno eran. Bertan, hiru fase ezberdin bereizi daitezke: dokumentala ikusi baino lehen, bitartean eta ondoren. Fase bakoitzeko jarduera bana proposatu da, ikasleek era kolektiboan zein banaka burutzekoak. Lanarekin bukatzeko, sortutako baliabidearen inguruko ondorioa idatzi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42071,2020-03-10,"School bullying is an increasingly occurring issue and, to avoid this, it is important that children are educated in equality values since an early stage. Thus, teachers' role is crucial in this process of growth, in order to provide the necessary education and avoid this problem right from the start. The aim of this paper is to design an intervention to prevent bullying through emotional education by using KiVa and Pentacidad programs as a basis. 25 Primary Education students were the subjects of this study, who were registered in a public school in the Basque Country, and who worked on the activities for a period of two weeks. The results obtained have been multiple and positive. On the one hand, they have been able to strengthen the relationship among students and their sense of respect. On the other hand, they were able to identify their emotions as well as share them with each other and hence create an awareness about the school bullying problem. In addition, the duration of the study has not been enough and therefore, it is necessary to continue working on the topic in the future. However, the project´s usefulness was confirmed, as students built an awareness that made a change in their attitude.","Eskola jazarpena gero eta gehiago ematen den gertakaria da eta hori ekiditeko, garrantzitsua da txikitatik balore eta berdintasunean heztea. Hori horrela, irakasleen papera funtsezkoa da hazkuntza prozesu honetan, ikasleei beharrezko heziketa transmititzeko eta jazarpenari aurre egiteko. Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua eskola-jazarpena prebenitzeko esku-hartzea diseinatzea da, hezkuntza emozionala erabiliz, eta horretarako, KiVa eta Pentazitate programak erabili dira oinarri moduan. Hartutako lagina Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren mailako 25 ikasle izan dira, Euskal Autonomia erkidegoko ikastetxe publiko batean ikasten dutenak, eta horiekin bi astez lan egin da, planteatutako jarduerak eginez. Horietatik lortutako emaitzak anitzak eta positiboak izan dira, ikasleen arteko harremana eta errespetua sendotzea lortu baita, haien emozioak ezagutzea, identifikatzea eta ikaskideekin konpartitzea eta horrekin batera, eskola jazarpenaren gaiarekiko kontzientzia sortarazi zaie. Horrekin batera, bi asteko esku-hartzea nahikoa ez da izan eta beraz, haiekin gaiaren inguruan lan egiten jarraitu behar da. Hala ere, diseinuaren baliagarritasuna nabaria izan da, ikasleek jazarpenarekiko kontzientzia garatu eta izaeran aldaketak izan baitituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20020,2016-12-29,"For a long time now, in most Preschools, an assembly takes place every morning. Through the routines and group activities that are carried out in this meeting, both students and teachers participate in a constant interaction, working a wide range of skills. Through this paper, a situation of a real assembly is described in a context where a program of language immersion is developed, in order to later look into the possibilities that it offers as a resource for the acquisition of a second language. (ENGLISH)","Duela denbora luze, Haur Hezkuntza irakasten den ikastetxe gehienetan, asanblada bat burutzen da goizero. Bilera honetan egiten diren errutina eta talde-jardueren bitartez, ikasleriak eta irakasleriak etengabeko interakzioan parte hartzen dute, hainbat gaitasun landuz. Lan honen bidez, murgiltze programa bat garatzen den testuinguru batean, asanblada egoera erreal bat deskribatu izan da, ondoren, bigarren hizkuntzen jabekuntzan errekurtso gisa eskaintzen dituen aukeren inguruan arakatzeko. (EUSKARA)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22673,2017-07-24,"On the one hand, in an aim to understand the real Physical Education (PE) curriculum, a case study of eight specialists has been conducted in three Primary Schools to analyse the internal logic of 1,272 tasks assigned by PE teachers over 200 teaching hours. Subsequently, an ethnographic report has been written on both the tutor-based classroom sessions and the PE teacher-based gymnasium sessions. This report is the basis for the analysis of the specific culture of the areas known as key (instrumental) areas and the PE area. These two types of school subcultures are reflected in the analysis of the material, of time, of space and of the relationship. It has been deduced that there exists a homogeneous school culture which encourages all the areas to comply with certain common principles. Furthermore, each subculture presents a series of specific characteristics which influence this homogeneous culture and draw it towards one of these two poles. On the other hand, the general official curriculum and the development of the official curriculum of the PE area have also been analysed. It has been determined that the latter curriculum transmits an idea of PE as being mechanical, acultural, acritical and asystematic. Finally, the conclusions drawn from the curriculum analysis and the ethnographic analysis determine that PE is an area gripped by a power struggle between the different areas. First of all, the official curriculum for the area insists on the mechanical image of the area based on the development of body and movement whereas the real curriculum adopts its own stance that the specialist teaching staff, with different levels of awareness, support the idea of social learning, that of the student and how he/she relates to the other students. This means that the official curriculum recreates the social image of the area, reinforcing its low status, while the real curriculum manages to break away from the Cartesian duality. Secondly, despite the fact that PE does comply with the philosophy of the general curriculum and the general principles of school culture, paradoxically it is relegated in the academic schedule due to its procedural nature, its social character and its process-based aspect.","Alde batetik, Heziketa Fisikoaren benetako curriculuma zein den jakiteko Lehen Hezkuntzako hiru ikastetxetako zortzi espezialistarekin kasu-ikerketa aurrera eraman da. Horretarako, irakasle horiek 200 ordutan bideratutako 1.272 proposamenen barne-logika aztertzen da. Gero, txosten etnografiko bat idazten da non islatzen diren tutore batek ematen dituen saioak eta Heziketa Fisikoko irakasleek ematen dituztenak. Aipatutako txostenak balio du instrumentalak diren ikasgaien barruko kultura ezagutzeko eta baita, Heziketa Fisikokoa ere. Beraz, bai bata bai bestea kultura eskolarraren azpikulturak dira. Gauzak horrela, materialak, denborak, espazioak eta harremanak eskaintzen duten ispiluan islatzen dira bi azpikultura horiek. Ondorioz, eskola-kultura orokorrak arlo guztiak behartzen ditu zenbait oinarri komun betetzera. Era berean, azpikultura bakoitzak berezko ezaugarriak ditu eta, horien arabera, eskola-kultura orokorra bere alde ekartzen saiatzen da. Beste alde batetik, legezko curriculum orokorra eta Heziketa Fisikoa arloaren legezko curriculumaren garapena aztertzen dira. Ondoriozta daiteke arloko curriculumak Heziketa Fisikoaren ideia mekanizista, akulturala, akritikoa eta asistematikoa islatzen duela. Bukatzeko, curriculumaren azterketa eta analisi etnografikoaren azterketa batzearen ondorioa da arloen arteko botere-borroka dela medio Heziketa Fisikoa lotuta dagoela adieraztea. Batetik, arloaren legezko curriculumak behin eta berriro gorputza eta mugimendua garatzen dituen irudi mekanizista azpimarratzen du; benetako curriculumak, ordea, bere bideari jarraitzen dio, eta hori irakasle-espezialistek asko edo gutxi pentsatuta ikaskuntza sozialaren ideia garatzen dute, hau da, ikasle bat besteekin harremanetan dagoelako ideia. Beste modu batean esanda, legezko curriculumak Heziketa Fisikoa bigarren mailako arlotzat jotzen duen irudi soziala berresten du; benetako curriculumak, aldiz, dualismo kartesiarra atzera uztea lortzen du. Bestetik, Heziketa Fisikoak curriculum orokorraren filosofiari eta eskola-kulturaren oinarriei heltzen dien arren, ordu-kopuruaren banaketan baztertzen da arlo prozedimentala denean, harremanak bultzatzen dituenean eta ikaskuntzaren bilakaera kontuan hartzen duenean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23414,2017-11-10,"The main objective of this project is to compare the two most popular software for the simulation of the process of hot forming in two real parts used in the automotive industry. Then these data are compared with the experimental measurements obtained in the workshop and will quantify the accuracy of each software. The two latest versions of Autoform R6/R7 and Pam Stamp 2017 have been used for the simulation. First, CAD software Catia has been used to define the tools during the process from the final geometry of the part. This document describes the steps to follow to obtain the various tools and simulation programming. On the other hand, describes the current situation of the international and national automotive industry, emphasizing the situation and advantages of hot stamping.","Proiektu honen helburua beroko enbutizio prozesuaren simulazioa egiteko erabiltzen diren bi software garrantzitsuenen arteko alderaketa egitea da, ondoren tailerrean neurtutako datu esperimentalekin konparatuz software bakoitzaren zehaztasun maila definitzen da. Konparaketa egiteko Autoform softwarearen azkeneko bi bertsioak (R6/R7) eta Pam Stamp 2017 softwarea erabili dira autogintza sektoreko bi piezen simulazioa burutzeko. Simulazioa aurrera eramateko lehenik eta behin Catia CAD diseinu programa erabiliz, amaierako piezatik abiatuz beharrezkoak diren erreminta ezberdinak diseinatu behar dira. Txosten honetan zapaltzailea, matrizea eta puntzoia sortzeko eta ondoren egiten den simulazioa programatzeko jarraitu den metodologia pausoz pauso azaltzen da. Bestalde, gaur egun autogintzaren nazioarteko eta estatu mailako egoera azaltzen da beroko enbutizioaren egoera eta abantailak albo batera utzi gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20149,2017-01-10,"The neurGAI project consists of the design and development of an application for an ARM Cortex based development board. neurGAI instantly tracks the energetic consumption in an electrical installation (eg. Housing). The board has a Bluetooth® unit to communicate with any Android device with neurGAI mobile application installed, being showed the measures made along with the cost of the different rates of the electricity market. All the measures are saved in a Excel-type file so the user can access them anytime. Moreover, neurGAI is a project to raise awareness about the need to control power consumption. To this end, a blog [1] has been set up to explain how neurGAI works and the impact of the data provided on electricity invoice.","NeurGAI proiektua aplikazio baten diseinu eta garapenean datza ARM Cortex oinarri duen garapen plataforma batentzat. Aplikazio honek berehala monitorizatzen du, tokian toki, instalazio elektriko baten energia-kontsumoa (adib. etxebizitza). Plataformak badu gehigarria den Bluetooth® bidezko modulua, neurGAI aplikazioa instalatuta duen edozein Android gailurekin komunikagarria dena. Modu honetan, erakusgarriak dira plataformak jasotako neurriak eta baita merkatu elektrikoaren salneurri desberdinen kostu ekonomikoa ere. neurGAI-k jasotako neurriak Excel formatudun fitxategietan gordetzen dira erabiltzailearen eskura. Gainera, neurGAI kontsumo elektrikoaren kontrolaren beharra sustatzeko sentsibilizazio proiektua da. Horretarako, neurGAI-ren funtzionamendua eta jasotako datuek faktura elektrikoan duten eragina azaltzen duen blog [1] bat bideratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67702,2024-05-07,"One ofthe ways in which the human being acquires ha bits and teachings is through the games. These cause the player to experience a multitude of emotions, which make each participant experience the game in a different way. Within the motor action domain of cooperation-opposition, games in which the participants collaborate as a tea m facing an opposing group, this research focuses on the game of Marro. Thus, the m a in objective of this research was to describe the emotional experience of primary school students in the game of Marro in general and in terms of gender. For this purpose, 193 students of the last cycle of Primary Education of two priva te schools in the Basque Country, 85 girls and 108 boys, played for ten minutes the game of Marro, a game in which the objective is to conquer the opponent's back line without being caught. The students assessed the intensity of the emotions experienced using the Games and Emotions Scale for Children (GESC), translated into Basque. According to the results, most of the students, regardless of gender, felt more intense joy and happiness when playing Marro. There is much similarity between the intensity ofthe emotions felt by girls and boys when playing this duel. Also, the emotions grouped as positive were felt more intensely than those grouped as negative. lt would be interesting that primary school teachers use these games of the motor action domain of cooperationopposition to pro mote the enjoyment of all students, regardless oftheir gender.","Joko-jolasak, gizakiok ohiturak eta ikaskuntzak bereganatzeko ditugun tresnak dira. Jarduera hauek, jokalariek emozio ugari sentiaraztea eragiten dute. Horren ondorioz, parte-hartzaile bakoitzak jokoa modu desberdin batean bizi du. Laguntasun-areriotasunaren akzio motor domeinuan, parte-hartzaileak taldean aritzen dira, kontrako tal de baten aurka. lkerketa ha u Marro jokoan oinarritzen da. Helburu nagusia lehen hezkuntzako ikasleek Marro jokoan oro har eta generoaren arabera izandako bizipen emozionala deskribatzea izan zen. Horretarako, Euskal Autonomía Erkidegoko bi eskola pribatutako lehen hezkuntzako azken zikloko 193 ikaslek, 85 neskak eta 108 mutilek, ha mar minutuz jokatu zuten Marrean. Jo k o horren helburua aurkariaren hondoko lerrora iristea zen, bidean harrapatua izan gabe. lkasleek, Games and Emotions Sea/e for Children (GES-C) eskalaren euskarazko bertsioaren bidez, bizitako emozioen intentsitatea baloratu zuten. Emaitzei erreparatuz gero, ikasle gehienek, generoa edozein izanda ere, poza eta zoriona bizikiago sentitu zuten Marrean jokatzean. Antzekotasun handia dago neskek eta mutilek duelu honetan sentitzen dituzten emozioen intentsitateen artean. Era berean, positibotzat hartutako emozioak negatibotzat hartutakoak baino bizikiago sentitu zituzten. lnteresgarria litzateke lehen hezkuntzako irakasleek laguntasun-areriotasun familiako joko-jolasak erabiltzea ikasle guztien dibertimendua sustatzeko, euren generoa edozein dela ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18655,2016-07-18,"The aim of this paper is to show the general characteristics of prison environment and its reality, focusing on imprisonment and the alternatives to imprisonment. It is made a critical analyze of the penitentiary institution revealing the limitations of the prison regarding the rights of prisoners and making a description of the main negative effects generated on these people. Since the consolidation of the Penal code of 1995 to the last penal reform of 2015, there has been an important 5 continual hardening in the sentencing system and, also, an increase of punishment rigor. Consequently, the application of alternatives to imprisonment is reduced, questioning the constitutional principle described in Article 25.2 oriented to the resocialization of the imprisoned population and the principles of minimum intervention or ultima ratio of the Criminal Law.","Lan honen helburua espetxe-zigorrari eta honen ordezko zigorrei dagokienez, egungo espetxe-sistemaren ezaugarri orokorrak erakustea da. Espetxe-zigorra ikuspegi kritiko batetik aztertzen da eta honek zein neurritan mugatzen dituen espetxeratuen eskubideak ezagutarazten da espetxeratuengan eragiten dituen ondorio negatibo garrantzitsuenak deskribatuz. 1995. urteko Zigor Kodea ezarri zenetik, 2015eko azkenengo zigor-erreforma indarrean jarri zen arte, zigor-sistemaren gogortze etengabe bat eman da, espetxe-zigorraren iraupena eta honen betearazpena espetxean luzatuz. Ondorioz, espetxe-zigorraren ordezko zigorren aplikazioa murrizten joan da, presoen birgizarteratzera zuzentzen den Konstituzioko 25.2. artikuluaren eta Zigor Zuzenbideko gutxieneko esku hartze edo ultima ratio printzipioaren aurka eginez" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29196,2018-10-22,"In the following document an exergy analysis of a conventional cycle power production plant is made. The objective of conducting this analysis is to obtain information of all the energy flows to which each equipment is subjected during the course of the cycle and to calculate the performance of each equipment. The main interest is to detect the sources of inefficiency to avoid wasting the energy contained in the fuel. Its final objective will be the proposal of an alternative to improve the performance of the cycle. Thus, apart from achieving an economic benefit, it will contribute to the reduction of polluting emissions to the atmosphere in accordance with the commitment made in the Kyoto Protocol.","Hurrengo dokumentuan energia lortzeko instalazio baten buruzko analisi exergetikoa egiten da. Analisi honen helburua, ekipameduek jasatzen duten energia transferentzien buruzko informazioa lortzea eta haien errendimenduak kalkulatzea da. Azkeneko helburua eraginkortasunik ez duten prozesuak detektatzea da, erregaian dagoen energia alferrik ez galtzeko. Amaitzeko, zikloaren errendimendua hobetzeko hautabide bat proposatu da. Horrela, hobekuntza ekonomikoa lortuz gain, berotegi efektua sortzen duten hondakinen ekoizpena murristuko da, Kyotoren Protokoloan ezarri zen araberaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36515,2019-11-27,"In this document a project about reconfigurable mechanisms is developed, which consist of a particular kind of mechanism capable of reaching different configurations by changing the number, characteristics and/or the relative disposition of their elements and/or kinematic joints in order to perform several functions. Due to the advantages offered by the polyvalence of these mechanisms, they are very interesting for different sectors, among which the industry and the space sector stand out. Aiming for the systematization of the design process of this type of mechanism, a methodology is proposed, divided in three main blocks: in the first block, the definition and study of the kinematics and dynamics of the configurations is set out; in the second one, the development of the reconfiguration mechanism; and, in the third one, the determination of the reconfiguration trigger. Along with the description of the blocks suggested, developed examples of application are provided, so as to help the understanding of the concepts involved.","Dokumentu honetan mekanismo birkonfiguragarriei buruzko lana garatzen da, bere elementu edota junta zinematikoen kopurua, ezaugarriak edota antolaketa erlatiboa eraldatuz konfigurazioz alda daitezkeen eta, ondorioz, hainbat funtzio burutu ditzaketen mekanismoei buruz, hain zuzen ere. Haien balio-aniztasunak eskaintzen dituen abantailak direla eta, mekanismo hauek oso interesgarriak dira zenbait arlotarako, industria eta sektore espazialerako, batez ere. Diseinu prozesua sistematizatzeko xedez, metodologia bat proposatzen da, hiru bloketan banatuta: lehenengo blokean, konfigurazioen definizioa eta analisi zinematikoa eta dinamikoa planteatzen da; bigarrenean, birkonfigurazio mekanismoaren garapena; eta, hirugarrenean, birkonfigurazio horren aktibazio moduaren zehaztapena. Proposatutako blokeen deskribapenarekin batera, azaldutako kontzeptuen ulermena errazteko asmoz gauzatutako adibideak aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36534,2019-11-27,"In this document a comparison between the experimental and theoretical modal analysis of a disc of a brake is carried out. In order to do the theoretical analysis, the Finite Element Method have been used thanks to the software ANSYS. On the other hand, the program BK Connect has been used to make the correlation where the results obtained from experimental modal analysis are saved. Therefore, to make the connection between those two programs possible, a new program has been developed with Fortran, which creates some files with universal format. These files can be opened by BK Connect, so that the comparison with the experimental analysis can be done. In fact, using the Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) the correlation has been made and the results have been represented in a graphic.","Dokumentu honetan balazta baten diskoaren analisi modal teorikoa eta esperimentala konparatzen dira. Analisi teorikoa elementu finituen metodoa erabiliz egin da ANSYS softwareari esker. Korrelazioa egiteko, berriz, BK Connect programa baliatu da, zeinetan aurretiaz egindako analisi esperimentaleko emaitzak dauden. Hortaz, ANSYS eta BK Connect-en arteko konexio hori ahalbidetzeko datu teoriko guztiak formatu unibertsalean idazten dituen programa bat garatu zen Fortran programazio lengoaian. Honi esker, emaitza teorikoak BK Connect-ek ireki dezakeen zenbait fitxategi sortu dira analisi esperimentalarekin lortutakoekin konparatu direnak. Izan ere, analisi esperimentaleko emaitzak zuzenak diren balioztatzeko Modal Assurance Criterion (MAC) deritzon korrelazio metodoa erabili da eta emaitzak grafikoki ere adierazi dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14067,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT:It has always existed controversy about the way kids acquire written language and the best teaching method for it. In this study, it has been studied the influence of the teacher´s psycho pedagogical perspective on the written language learning process of kids. The investigation has been both qualitative and quantitative, and it has been carried out making a synchronous research in Avellaneda, Etorkizuna and Eguzkbegi schools, located in Bizkaia, which apply different innovative methodologies. The sample group has been composed of 55 students (5 year old classroom) and 6 teachers. The results indicate that kids that have been brought up with a traditional approach feel more confident about figurative aspects of the language, while the ones brought up with a constructivism approach develop more communicative skills. The fact that each one has its pros y and cons makes it difficult to decide which the most suitable one is.","EUSKARA LABURPENA:Haurrek hizkuntza idatzia nola barneratzen duten eta irakasteko metodorik egokiena zein izan daitekeen inguruko eztabaida egon izan da aspalditik. Gai horri buruz, haurrek idazketaz egiten duten jabekuntza prozesuan irakasleen ikuspegi psikopedagogikoek zer nolako eragina duten haurrengan ikertu dugu. Ikerketaren alde kualitatibo eta kuantitatiboei erreparatuz, metodologia berritzaileen aplikazio ezberdinak egiten dituzten Bizkaiko Avellaneda, Etorkizuna eta Eguzkibegi ikastetxeetan ikerketa sinkroniko bat eraman dugu aurrera. Lanerako lagina HHko etapako 5 urteko gelan dauden 55 ikaslek eta 6 irakaslek osatu dute. Emaitzek adierazten dutenez, ikuspegi tradizionalean heziak dauden haurrek idazkeraren alde figuratiboekiko ziurtasun handiagoa erakusten dute eta eredu eraikitzailean hezitakoek, berriz, komunikazio gaitasun handiagoa dute. Eredu bakoitzak bere indar-guneak eta ahulguneak izateak zaildu egiten du eredu baten egokitasuna nabarmentzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72781,2025-02-14,"This Bachelor's Thesis presents an alternative proposal to other technologies as a solution to address link failures in telecommunications networks using DPDK technology along with its corresponding performance analysis. More specifically, the project leverages the concept of hardware virtualization and DPDK technology for the design and development of a solution that allows packet processing and response to link failures.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau beste teknologia batzuei alternatiba bat aurkezten die telekomunikazio sareetan esteka-hutsei erantzuteko, DPDK teknologia eta bere errendimendu-analisiarekin batera erabiliz. Zehatzago esanda, proiektuak hardware birtualizazioaren kontzeptua eta DPDK teknologia aprobetxatzen ditu, paketeak prozesatzeko eta esteka-hutsei erantzuteko eta arreta emateko soluzioa diseinatzeko eta garatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25859,2018-03-21,"The children´s tale is a tool that helps children in the process of socialization, but sometimes it suffers from stereotyped or even sexist content. The present work collects the teachers opinions about coeducation and their implication, analyzes from a gender perspective the tales received by boys and girls through a wide variety of channels (society, family, school) and includes an intervention performed in a classroom of Early Childhood Education. All of this is done with the aim of thinking about the importance of tales and their contents, in order to achieve the model of coeducational school, that is, education for equality.","Haur-ipuina umeei sozializazio-prozesuan laguntzen dien erreminta da, baina batzuetan eduki estereotipatuak edo sexistak ditu. Lan honetan baterako hezkuntzari eta euren inplikazioari buruz irakasleen iritzia jasotzen da, umeek bide desberdinen bidez (soziala, familiarra eta eskolarra) jasotzen dituzten ipuinek generoaren ikuspuntutik analizatzen dira eta Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean esku hartze bat egiten da. Hau guztia ipuinek eta bere edukiek duten garrantziaren gainean hausnartzeko, baterako hezkuntzara heltzea lortzeko, hau da, berdintasunerako heziketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47716,2020-11-04,"Abstract: The connection of new electrical installations to the transmission grid must be carried out in such a way as to ensure that the safety of the electrical system is not compromised. This aspect is of particular relevance in the case of the new renewable generation based on the use of power electronics due to its different characteristics with respect to the traditional synchronous generation. This work reviews the new methodology proposed by REE for calculating the maximum connection capacity of new renewable generation at a point in the network, in addition to applying it to a test network.","Laburpena: instalazio berrien konexioa garraio sarera, sistema elektrikoaren segurtasuna arriskuan jartzen ez dela bermatuz egin behar da. Alderdi honek garrantzi berezia du potentzia elektronikaren erabilpenean oinarritutako sorkuntza berriztagarri berriaren kasuan, sorkuntza sinkroniko tradizionalarekiko dituen ezaugarri desberdinengatik. Lan honetan, REE-k proposatutako metodologia berria berrikusten da, hau da, sareko puntu batean, sorkuntza berriztagarri berriaren konexio ahalmen maximoaren kalkulua, proba sare batean aplikatzeaz gain." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59995,2023-02-20,"As we live in a constantly changing society, it is evident that the education field is no exception. Thus, it is urgent to reinvent the current educational system and establish a more open interdisciplinary model. The aim of this report is to analyze whether or not social educators should have a place in today's schools, so a quantitative applied research with a descriptive design has been carried out. The survey tool was used to analyze the opinion of 70 professionals from both Social Education and school education, who undertake their activity in the territory of Biscay. The results obtained indicate that social educators are professionals who enrich the school context and that they should be integrated in current centers. Likewise, they express the need to implement a model that responsibly attends the social sphere and works in coordination with the reference contexts. Although there were not many opposing opinions, those that were analyzed came mainly from the school education branch, specifically from young professionals with less than five years of experience.","Etengabe aldatzen ari den gizarte batean bizi garen heinean, argi dago hezkuntzaren esparrua ez dela salbuespena; ondorioz, egungo hezkuntza sistema berrasmatzea eta diziplinarteko eredu irekiagoa ezartzea premiazkoa da. Txosten honen xedea gizarte hezitzaileek egungo ikastetxeetan lekurik izan beharko luketen ala ez aztertzea da, eta, horretarako, izaera kuantitatiboa eta diseinu deskriptiboa duen ikerketa aplikatua gauzatu da. Inkesta tresnaren bitartez, Bizkaiko lurraldean diharduten Gizarte Hezkuntzako zein eskola hezkuntzako 70 profesionalen iritzia aztertu da. Lortutako emaitzek gizarte hezitzaileek eskola testuingurua aberasten duten profesionalak direla adierazi dute, baita egungo ikastetxeetan txertatuta egon beharko litzatekeela ere. Horrekin batera, arlo sozialari arduraz erreparatzen dion, eta erreferentziazko testuinguruekin koordinatuta lan egiten duen eredu bat ezartzea beharrezkoa dela agerian geratu da. Kontrako iritzi asko jaso ez diren arren, aztertu direnak gehien bat eskola hezkuntzaren adarretik zetozen, zehazki, bost urte baino gutxiagoko esperientzia duten profesional gazteengandik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37155,2019-12-20,"The intention of this work is to make a study of how to address the safety of machines in the industrial field. For this purpose, the current legislation and the security strategy to be followed will be studied. The protection measures existingin the market will be analysed and in addition, two rules that calculate the level of protection of the system will be deepened. After this theoretical study of safety, a practical application of the device that has the most presence in machinery will be made: the emergency stop button. To do this, an assembly will be made, with the necessary hardware and software (TIA Portal), in the laboratory of Systems Engineering and Automation Department of the School of Engineering of Bilbao.","Lan honen bidez, industriaren alorrean makinen segurtasunari nola aurre egin behar den aztertu nahi da. Horretarako, egungo legeria eta jarraitu beharreko segurtasun estrategia aztertuko dira. Merkatuan dauden babes neurriak aztertuko dira eta, gainera, sistemaren babes maila kalkulatzeko bi arau sakonduko dira. Segurtasunaren azterlan teoriko honen ondoren, makinerian presentzia handiena duen gailuaren aplikazio praktikoa egingo da: larrialdiko gelditze botoia. Horretarako, muntai bat egingo da, beharrezko hardware eta softwarearekin (TIA Portal), Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Sistemen Ingenieritza eta Automatizazio Saileko laborategian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67881,2024-05-10,"The following project contains a study on machine learning techniques to enable the improvement of quality-of-service management procedures on wireless local area networks. Particularly, this project aims to analyse the applicability of clustering techniques on the processes of environment differentiation and user profile classification. Therefore, detailed initial conceptual research has been done on the IEEE 802.11 technology characteristics and its use cases. Based on that study, several simulation patterns have been developed and key performance indicators have been defined. In the same way, a theorical analysis of the aptitude of clustering techniques has been carried out focusing on their ability to improve quality of service management processes. Once the conceptual research has been completed, multiple casuistries inferred from it have been implemented throughout the use of a wireless network simulator. Once the simulations have been finished, clustering techniques are used to process the output of the simulator. Finally, the analysis of the suitability of the algorithms over the results takes place. To validate the techniques for QoS improvement procedures, a comparison between the case study metrics and the final cluster results is performed.","Proiektu honek ikasketa automatikoaren tekniken inguruko azterlana biltzen du, haririk gabeko sare lokalen zerbitzuaren kalitatearen kudeaketa prozesuen hobekuntza ahalbidetzeko. Zehazki, taldekatze tekniken aplikagarritasuna ikertzen da ingurune desberdintze eta erabiltzaile profil sailkapen eginkizunak betetzeko. Hori xede, lehenik eta behin IEEE 802.11 teknologiaren eta haren erabilpen kasuen inguruko azterketa kontzeptual sakona garatu da simulazio ereduak diseinatu ahal izateko eta errendimendu adierazle gakoak definitzeko. Era berean, zerbitzuaren kalitatearen hobekuntzarako hainbat taldekatze tekniken gaitasunaren analisia burutu da. Behin ikerlan kontzeptuala garatuta eta haren ondorioak oinarritzat hartuz, haririk gabeko sare simulagailu baten bidez teknologiaren kasuistika anizkunak ezarri dira. Jarraian, simulazioen emaitzak ikasketa automatikoaren algoritmoen sarrera gisa erabiltzen dira. Hori dela medio, aztertutako taldekatze teknikak balioztatu egiten dira haien aplikazioaren eta geroko analisiaren bidez. Azken azterketa prozesuak simulazioetan lortutako metrikek eragindako taldeen eta hasiera batean definitutako kasuistiken konparaketa du oinarri." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69689,2024-10-04,"In my work I have proceeded to analyse the procedures that exist in our Spanish legal system for acquiring Spanish nationality. To do so, I have made an introduction analysing the concept of nationality, then I have proceeded to investigate the regulation of nationality, first in the field of international and European law and then in our country. After analysing the existing regulations in our country, I decided to analyse point by point the three different procedures for acquiring Spanish nationality: acquisition by naturalisation, nationality by residence and the most recent, the law of democratic memory, which has been creating so much controversy in recent months. In each of these procedures, apart from describing the procedure and what it consists of, using the law as a basis, I have gone a step further and have also analysed the different legal problems that have arisen in many cases, using doctrinal articles and case law from different courts in our country.","Nire lanean Espainiako ordenamendu juridikoan Espainiako nazionalitatea eskuratzeko dauden izapideak aztertzeari ekin diot. Horretarako, sarrera bat egin dut naziotasunaren kontzeptua aztertuz, eta, ondoren, naziotasunaren erregulazioa ikertzeari ekin diot, lehenik nazioarteko eta Europako zuzenbidearen esparruan eta, ondoren, gure herrialdekoan. Gure herrialdean dagoen erregulazioa aztertu ondoren, Espainiako nazionalitatea eskuratzeko dauden hiru izapideak puntuz puntu aztertzea erabaki dut: natura- agiriaren bidezko eskuratzea, bizilekuaren araberako nazionalitatea eta berriena, memoria demokratikoaren legea, azken hilabeteetan hainbeste eztabaida sortzen ari dena. Izapide horietako bakoitzean, prozedura deskribatzeaz gain, urrats bat harago joan naiz, eta kasu askotan eratorri dituzten arazo juridikoak ere aztertu ditut; horretarako, gure herriko hainbat auzitegiren doktrinaartikuluak eta jurisprudentzia erabili ditut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19868,2016-12-15,"The purpose of this project is to program and design an easy to handle and an interactive graphical user interface (GUI) to represent and calculate the responses of different mechatronic drives. For this, it will be using the following three mechatronic systems with 1 or 2 degree of freedom: linear motors, torque motors and ball screws. This programming and design of the user interface will be made with MatLab, a program with a high level technical computing language and an interactive environment for algorithm development and visualization and analysis of both data and graphics. Once the program is finished, the engineer will be able to pre display, calculate and to keep an eye on system responses in order to cheapen possible initial costs of erroneous designs.","Proiektu honen helburua tresna makina mekatroniko ezberdinen erantzunak kalkulatzeko eta adierazteko erreza eta intuitiboa den erabiltzaile interfaze grafiko baten programazioa eta diseinua burutzea da. Horretarako, ondorengo hiru sistema mekatronikoen 1 edo 2 askatasun graduko modeloak erabiliko dira: Motor lineala, momentu motorra edo ""torque motor"" eta boladun torlojua. Aipatutako programazio eta diseinua MatLab-ekin burutuko da, maila handiko kalkulu lengoai teknikoa duen eta ingurune interaktibo zabala barneratzen duen programa, grafiko zein datuen eta algoritmoen irudikapenerako eta analisirako aproposa. Behin programazioa eginda dagoela, sistema hauen erantzunak aurreikusi, kalkulatu eta kudeatu ahal izango ditu ingeniariak behin behineko diseinuen akatsek sortarazten dituzten kostuak murrizteko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26050,1990,"The author of this article, starting from the "" PALERMO AFFAIR"" makes an analysis of the cultural, economic and political changes in Italy to fight against the mafia; and the important help of the Political Education Institute of Palermo in this subject.","Artikuluaren egileak, ""PALERMO KASUA"" abiapuntutzat hartuz, Italian mafiaren aurka borrokatzea helburu duten aldaketa kultural, ekonomiko eta politikoen analisia egiten du; horretan, Palermoko Heziketa Politikoko Institutuak izan duen garrantzia azpimarratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60265,2023-03-06,"In this Final Degree project, the aim is to analyse the role played by art installations today in the field of education, specifically in the infant stage, which is between 0 and 6 years of age. In order to do so, a research work has been carried out structured in different phases. The work has been supported by referents in subjects such as art education, drama, contemporary art and early childhood education. As we have been able to observe in the bibliographic search carried out at the beginning of this work. The analysis of the current situation has been supported by two questionnaires carried out with an early childhood educator. Finally, an intervention was carried out to test the benefits of art installations with 4-year-old children.","Gradu Amaierako lan honetan, gaur egun instalazio artistikoak hezkuntzaren esparruan duen zeregina aztertu nahi da, zehazki, 0-6 urte bitarteko haur-etapan. Horretarako, hainbat fasetan egituratutako ikerketa-lana egin da. Hezkuntza artistikoan, dramatizazioan, arte garaikidean edo Haur-Hezkuntzan erreferenteak diren autoreak indartzen dute lan hau, lan honen hasieran egindako bilaketa bibliografikoari esker. Egungo egoeraren azterkuntza, haur-hezitzaile bati eginiko bi galdetegiren bidez ere egin da. Amaitzeko, esku-hartze bat egin da 4 urteko haurrekin instalazio artistikoen onurak egiaztatzeko" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32263,2019-03-29,"The study of usability in applications is more and more important, as the success of it is directly related to its usability degree. For this reason, a web tool called Usability Analysis Tool has been implemented, which aim is to be a support to mitigate the work involved in making this study. The user can make use of this web tool, in order to obtain numerical and graphical results of the three principal objectives of usability, which are: effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction. The results about the objective of effectiveness offered by the web tool are the estimations of the sample success rate, the population success rate and confidence intervals. On the other hand, the efficiency results are the estimations of the median of the execution time of the tasks, confidence intervals and loss level. Finally, the results of satisfaction are estimations of the satisfaction degree, its average and its respective confidence interval. With those results, the analyst user can identify those actions in which users who have made use of the application have had problems when performing them, and then decide whether to improve or not the application that is evaluating.","Aplikazioak garatzean erabilgarritasunari buruzko azterketa egiteari gero eta garrantzi handiagoa ematen zaio, izan ere, sistemaren arrakasta eta erabilgarritasun maila zuzenean lotuta daude. Horregatik, Usability Analysis Tool izeneko web tresna sortu da. Erabilgarritasun azterketa horiek burutzeko lanak arintzeko intentzioarekin. Erabiltzaileek web tresna hau erabil dezakete, erabilgarritasunaren oinarrizko hiru helburuen emaitzak kalkulatzeko eta haiei buruz grafikoak lortzeko. Hiru helburu horiek efikazia, efizientzia eta asebetetzea dira. Efikaziari buruzko web tresnak eskaintzen dituen emaitzak atazen arrakasta-tasa, populazioaren arrakasta-tasa eta konfiantza-tarteak dira. Bestalde, efizientziari buruz atazak burutzeko erabilitako denbora, konfiantza-tarteak eta erabiltzaileen galera-faktorea kalkulatzen dira. Eta, azkenik, erabiltzaileen asebetetze maila kalkulatzen da galdetegi bat erabiliz eta bataz-bestekoa eta bere konfiantza-tarteak kalkulatzen dira. Lortutako emaitzekin, analistak erabiltzaileari aplikazioa erabiltzerakoan arazoak eman dizkion atazak identifikatu ditzake, eta ondoren, ebaluatzen ari den aplikazioa hobetzeko erabakiak hartu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60279,2023-03-06,"The objective of this study is to highlight the importance of activities in nature in education and to design, carry out and evaluate a didactic sequence for primary school students. To this end, the generalities of these activities have been defined and explained. Its presence in the current Basque curriculum, which is quite small, is analysed below. Thus, the literature has seen the benefits and effects that can be obtained from the frequent incorporation of activities and games in the natural environment to primary education. In view of the analysis, in Errekabarri School, a didactic sequence was designed for a group of first grade students based on careers in orientation. The implementation of track games aims, among other things, the ability to understand and interpret children, the ability to behave in teams and the initiation of guidance.","Lan honen helburua natur jarduerak hezkuntzan izan dezaketen garrantzia agerian jartzea, eta Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleentzako sekuentzia didaktiko bat diseinatu, martxan jarri eta ebaluatzea izan da. Horretarako, lehendabizi, jarduera hauek definitu eta horien orokortasunak azaldu dira. Ondoren, egungo euskal curriculumean daukaten presentzia aztertu da, nahiko murriztua delarik. Hala, literaturan, natur jarduerak, ekintzak eta jolasak Lehen Hezkuntzan (LHn) maiz barneratuz gero, zer nolako onurak eta efektuak lor daitezkeen ikusi da. Aztertutakoa kontuan hartuta, Errekabarri ikastetxean, LHko 1.mailako talde batentzako eta orientazio lasterketetan oinarritutako sekuentzia didaktiko bat diseinatu da. Pista-jolasak martxan jarriz, besteak beste, umeen ulermenerako eta interpretaziorako gaitasuna, taldean aritzeko trebetasuna eta orientatzen hasteko ahalmena dira helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72587,2024-07-01,"The purpose of this work is to analyze the effectiveness of existing international instruments in dealing with international child abduction caused by domestic violence. The paper focuses mainly on the Hague Convention and the Brussels IIb Regulation. After an analysis of the current situation, a critique is made, proposing alternatives and ending with conclusions.","Lan honen helburua nazioarteko adingabeen atzean etxeko indarkeria dagoenean nazioarteko tresnek eskaintzen dituzten irtenbideen eraginkortasuna aztertzea da. Indarrean dauden Hagako Hitzarmena eta Brusela II ter Erregelamendua izan dira lanaren ardatz. Egoeraren analisia eginez kritika bat garatu da, bestelako irtenbideak proposatuz eta ondorioekin amaituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19566,2016-11-21,"The aim of this project is to study the technical, economic and financial viability of the construction and exploitation of an automotive spare parts storing building. An analysis of the automotive industry is going to be done and, based on the conclusions reached, a business model will be presented. Likewise, it is especially important to analyze the different alternatives for the geographic location of the warehouse, due to the fact that an optimum location will be one of the key aspects in order the business to be successful. It is also relevant the fact that, by the moment, the warehouse will be just operating in the northern area of Spain. The reasons beyond this will be explained along the development of the project. The business model analysis will influence the implantation of a storing building that will meet all the requirements previously established. The ordination and the implantation of the warehouse, as well as the description of the auxiliary services that are going to be installed, are both going to be included in the technical study. Subsequently, the economic and financial viability of the business will be analyzed in order to determine whether the project will be profitable or not. In order to do so, indicators such as the PAY-BACK, the NPV and the IRR are going to be used. Also, this study is going to focus on how the company is going to be financed.","Jarraian aurkezten den proiektuan automobilentzako ordezko piezak jasoko dituen biltegi baten eraikuntzaren eta ustiapenaren bideragarritasun plana azaltzen da, bertan bideragarritasunaren bi alderdi aztertuko dira, teknikoa eta ekonomiko-finantzarioa. Sektorearen ikerketa egingo da, eta hemendik eratorritako ondorioak kontuan izanik negozio eredu bat proposatuko da. Halaber, garrantzitsua izango da biltegiaren kokapenaren ikerketa egitea, faktore erabakigarria izango baita negozioak arrakasta izan dezan. Honekin lotuta aipagarria da, biltegiak Espainiako iparraldean baino ez dituela eskainiko bere zerbitzuak, erabaki honen arrazoiak lanaren garapenean zehar azaltzen dira. Negozio ereduaren ikerketan, definitutako ezaugarri guztiak betetzen dituen biltegi baten ezarpena zehaztuko da. Bideragarritasun teknikoaren ikerketari dagokionez, biltegiaren ordenazio eta ezarpena azalduko dira, bertan eskainiko diren zerbitzu gehigarriekin batera. Behin hau izanik, proiektuaren bideragarritasun ekonomiko finantzarioa aztertuko da, honen errentagarritasuna zehazteko, PAY-BACK, BEG eta BET adierazleak erabiliko dira horretarako. Ikerketan, baita ere, proiektua aurrera eramango duen enpresaren finantzaketa metodoaren azalpena emango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74856,2025-10-02,"In this Final Degree Project, a systematic review has been carried out to analyse the impact of the Flipped Classroom methodology on student autonomy. The Flipped Classroom turns the traditional classroom into a classroom in which the content is worked on at home before going to class with the help of technology. This allows more time in the classroom to practice content and resolve doubts, making class time more effective. In order to select the systematic review articles, the prism method has been used and a total of 18 different research studies (quantitative, qualitative and mixed) have been taken. After analysing these studies, it was found that the Flipped Classroom methodology significantly improves student autonomy if it is carried out properly.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, errebisio sistematikoa aurrera eraman da ""Flipped Classroom"" metodologiak ikasleen autonomian duen eragina aztertzeko. ""Flipped Classroom""-ak klase tradizional bati buelta ematen dio eta edukiak klasera joan aurretik etxean lantzen dira teknologiaren laguntzaz. Horrek, ahalbidetzen du gelan edukiak praktikatzeko eta zalantzak argitzeko denbora handiagoa egotea eta klase orduak eraginkorragoak izatea. Erribisio sistematikoaren artikuluak aukeratzeko prisma metodoa erabili da eta guztira 18 ikerketa desberdin hartu dira (kuantitatiboak, kualitatiboak eta mistoak). Ikerketa horiek aztertu ostean egiaztatu da ""Flipped Classroom"" metodologiak nabarmen hobetzen duela ikasleen autonomia, modu egokian aurrera eramaten bada." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70276,2024-10-31,"A significant portion of human exposure to outdoor-origin ozone and particulate matter occurs indoors, particularly within residential buildings. The penetration factor of these pollutants through leaks in a building’s exterior envelope is a critical factor determining their infiltration and persistence indoors. However, experimental data on the penetration factors of ozone and particles in real-world buildings remain scarce. In previous studies, efforts were made to refine methods for measuring the penetration factors of ozone, PM2.5 and ultrafine particles (UFPs) in residential settings under infiltration conditions. In this study, a combined instrumentation system was developed and applied to assess 22 homes in Chicago, IL, which exhibited a range of building envelope characteristics. The sample included both single-family and multi-family residences, with a subset evaluated before and after energy efficiency retrofits. Average penetration factors (± SD) for PM2.5, UFPs and ozone in single-family homes were 0.80 ± 0.09, 0.70 ± 0.11 and 0.73 ± 0.16, respectively, while in multi-family homes, these values were 0.90 ± 0.13, 0.75 ± 0.16 and 0.71 ± 0.23, respectively. In a subset of 13 homes, pre- and post-retrofit measurements revealed no significant changes in penetration factors for ozone, PM2.5 or UFPs. However, the retrofits, which predominantly involved attic insulation and air-sealing, resulted in an average increase in airtightness of only 14% (ranging from 0% to 46%)","Gizakiak ozonoarekin eta kanpoko partikulekin duen esposizioaren zati handi bat barnealdean gertatzen da, bereziki bizitegi-eraikinetan. Kutsatzaile horiek eraikin baten fatxadako iragazketen bidez barneratzeko faktorea funtsezko parametroa da, barruan iragazi eta iraun dezaten. Hala ere, eraikin errealetan ozonoa eta partikulak sartzeko faktoreei buruzko datu esperimentalak mugatuak dira. Aldez aurreko azterlanetan, ozonoa, PM2.5 eta partikula ultrafinak (UFP) infiltrazio-egoeran dauden etxebizitzetan sartzeko faktoreak neurtzeko metodoak hobetzeko lan egin da. Lan honetan, instrumentazio konbinatuko sistema bat diseinatu da, eta metodo horiek aplikatu dira Chicagoko (IL) 22 etxebizitzako lagin batean, ezaugarri desberdinekin eraikinen inguratzailean, familia bakarreko zein familia anitzeko etxeak barne. Etxebizitza batzuk ere ebaluatu dira eraginkortasun energetikoan hobekuntzak egin aurretik eta ondoren. Familia bakarreko etxeetako PM2.5, UFP eta ozonorako batez besteko sartze-faktoreak (± DE) 0.80 ± 0.09, 0.70 ± 0.11 eta 0.73 ± 0.16 izan ziren, hurrenez hurren; familia anitzeko etxebizitzetan, berriz, balioak 0.90 ± 0.13, 0.75 ± 0.16 eta 0.71 ± 0.23 izan ziren, hurrenez hurren. Etxebizitzetako 13tan, neurketak egin ziren hobekuntzen aurretik eta ondoren, baina ez zen aldaketarik ikusi ozonoa, PM2.5 edo UFPa sartzeko faktoreetan. Hala ere, hobekuntza ohikoenek, hala nola atikoen isolamenduak eta airearen zigilatzeak, hermetikotasuna % 14 baino ez zuten handitu batez beste ( % 0 eta % 46 arteko tartearekin)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16465,2015-12-15,"The massive penetration level of wind power system causes the displacement of large conventional generation base on thermal generation plants. The contribution of this type of generation is necessary. The aim of T.F.G. is to analyze the impact of wind power generation in the frequency system, as well as the different proposals for this type of generation to participate in the frequency control. First the basic aspects of wind power generation are described. Then, frequency control and the different types of mechanisms which contribute to the frequency control in wind power generation are analyzed. Finally a practical example through Matlab/Simulink program will be made. The aim of this example is to analyze on simplified way the behavior of frequency control in wind power generation electrical system.","Sorkuntza eolikoaren gehienezko integrazioa sistema elektrikoan, zentral termikoetan oinarritutako ohizko sorkuntzaren lekualdatzea suposatu du. Lekualdatze honek, sorkuntza eolikoaren beharrezko ekarpena eragin du sistemaren oinarrizko magnitudeak mantentzeko helburuz. GrAL – aren helburu nagusia, sorkuntza eolikoak maiztasun sisteman izango duen eragina aztertzea izango da, hala nola, sorkuntza eolikoak maiztasuna kontrolatzeko dauzkan proposamen ezberdinak aztertzea. Lehendabizi, sorkuntza eolikoaren oinarri teknikoak azalduko dira. Ondoren, maiztasun kontrola aztertuko da, eta sorkuntza eolikoaren maiztasun kontrolean eragina izango duten mekanismo ezberdinak ikertuko dira. Bukatzeko Matlab/Simulink programaren bidez adibide praktiko bat burutuko da. Adibide honen helburua, modu erraz batean sistema elektrikoak sorkuntza eolikoaren maiztasun kontrolean izango duen portaera aztertzea izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26054,1990,"Starting from the Ley Orgánica General Penitenciaria (LOGP) it is studied different fields of penitentiary institutions such as its structure, human resources, educative model in prison and penitentiary health.","PLOOetik abiatuz, presondegietako zenbait esparru aztertzen dira, hala nola, berauen egitura, giza baliabideak, espetxeko hezkuntz-eredua era presondegietako sanitatea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24994,2008,"In a period marked for the globalization of communications and the use of internet for billions of users, the utilization of this media can produce radically different goals. To link the Islamic terrorism with the global net is not crazy. We study in this work the Yihadist radicalization of the Muslim youth who live in the European land and the role of internet in this process from the juridical and criminological perspective.","Hedabideen globalizazioaren eta milaka miloika Internet erabiltzaileen aroan, hedabide honen erabilera helburu desberdinetarako baliatu daiteke. Terrorismo islamista sare globalarekin erlazionatzea ez da zentzugabea. Idazki honetan, europako lurraldean bizi diren gazte musulmanen radikalizazio yihadistaren hausnarketa burutzen da, eta prozesu honetan internetek daukan papera, analisia ikuspegi kriminologiko eta juridiko batetik egiten delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18318,2016-05-31,"This document contains the experimental study consisting of a comparison between different catalysts for hydrogen production from biogas, using advanced reaction systems, microreactors. Hydrogen is an energy carrier that can be used as fuel, and therefore, a perfect candidate to replace those fuels that come from fossil sources. This Project based on the development of a process known as biogas tri-reforming. The main advantage of this hydrogen production technique, compared to the conventional ones, regards to the raw material used, biogas, which is a renewable source. In order to carry out this study, different catalysts were prepared, all of them based on platinum. The choice of this noble metal is due to its high reactivity, especially when used in micro-structured reaction systems. With the aim of reducing the cost associated to the catalyst itself, cheaper metals were mixed with platinum, to analyze their suitability under tri-reforming process conditions. Therefore, being the catalyst containing 5% of platinum the reference, other catalysts were prepared with the same total metal amount, 5%. These catalysts were denoted as follows: 2.5(Pt-Me), being Me the second metallic specie. After catalysts preparation, several experiments using a conventional fixed bed reactor were conducted. The objective was to stablish certain experimental conditions to allow an appropriate comparison between catalysts. Thus, catalytic activity tests were performed at extremely low temperatures and high space velocities, through which the differences between catalysts were more significant. Once the operating conditions for an optimal comparison between catalysts were stablished, the corresponding activity tests using microreactors were carried out. These tests were based on operating at a constant space velocity to study the influence of temperature. In addition, stability tests were performed for 110 hours under the most unfavorable operating conditions. Finally, the comparison of the experimental tests was carried out basing on the CH4 and CO2 conversions and the H2 yield calculated. It was concluded that the best candidate for the tri-reforming process is the catalyst 2.5(Pt-Pd).","Dokumentu honetan aurkezten den ikerketa esperimentala, hidrogenoa erreakzio sistema aurreratuetan, mikroerreaktoreetan, ekoizteko katalizatzaile ezberdinen konparaketan oinarritzen da. Hidrogenoa erregai bezala erabili daitekeen bektore energetikoa da, hori dela eta, iturri fosiletan jatorria duten erregaiak ordezkatzeko hautagai perfektua kontsidera daiteke. Gradu amaierako proiektu hau biogasaren tri-erreformatutzat ezagutzen den prozesuan datza. Teknika honek, teknika konbentzionalek ez bezala, hainbat abantaila aurkezten ditu, erabilitako lehengaia iturri berriztagarria baita. Ikerketa hau aurrera eramateko platinoa oinarritzat duten katalizatzaile ezberdinak prestatu dira. Metal hau, erreakzio sistema mikro-egituratuetan erabiltzen denean duen erreaktibitate maila altuagatik aukeratu da. Katalizatzailearen kostuak merketzeko asmoz, platinoari merkeagoak diren beste metal batzuk gehitu zaizkio, tri-erreformatuaren prozesurako duten egokitasuna aztertzeko. Beraz, %5 platinoa duen erreferentziazko katalizatzaile batean oinarrituta, platinoa eta beste metal batez osatutako beste katalizatzaile batzuk prestatu ziren, %5 metal kantitate totala mantenduz. Katalizatzaile hauek horrela izendatu dira: 2.5(Pt-Me), Me bigarren metala izanik. Katalizatzaileak prestatu ostean, ohantze finkoko erreaktore batean hainbat esperimentu gauzatu ziren. Honen xedea, katalizatzaileen arteko konparaketa egokia ziurtatzen duten operazio baldintza batzuk ezartzea zen. Horrela, tenperatura eta abiadura espazial ezberdinetan, aktibitate katalitiko saiakera ezberdinak egin ziren katalizatzaileen arteko ezberdintasunak nabarmentzen zituzten muturreko baldintza batzuk ezartzeko. Behin katalizatzaileen arteko konparaketa gauzatzea ahalbidetzen duten operazio baldintza egoki batzuk zehaztuta, katalizatzaileak mikroerreaktore izeneko erreakzio sistemetan inpregnatu eta entsaioak gauzatu ziren. Entsaio hauek, abiadura konstante bat mantenduz, tenperaturaren eraginaren azterketan oinarritu ziren. Horretaz gain, 110 ordura arteko egonkortasun entsaioak gauzatu ziren katalizatzaileentzako baldintza kaltegarrienetan. Azkenik aztertutako formula katalitiko guztiekin lortutako CH4 eta CO2-aren konbertsioak, baita H2-aren etekina alderatu ziren eta. 2.5(Pt-Pd) katalizatzailea, probatu ziren formulazio katalitiko guztien artean tri-erreformaturako hautagirik egokiena zela ondorioztatu zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25511,1996,"Racism is genuinely a modern phenomenon. Because of this, a reflection about tolerance and solidarity in relation to displaced population and general migrations becomes necessary to solve the problems that these minorities suffer. This might be possible through a definition of a new human rights policy enabling positive acftion to give a coherent response with regard to the present situation.","Arrazakeria oso gertaera modernoa da, beraz guztitz beharrezkoa da gogoeta bat egitea eramanpen eta elkartasunari buruz biztanlego lekutuari eta, orokorrean, migrazioari dagokiena, gutxiengo hauek jasaten dituzten arazoak konpontzera laguntzeko Giza Eskubideen politika berri baten bidez, zeinak ekintza baiezkorrezko politikak indar ditzan erantzun egoki bat emateko gaurko egoeraren aurrean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73242,2025-05-07,"The guide “Promoting Children's Literacy and English Communication through eTwinning” provides primary school teachers with a comprehensive toolkit to improve pedagogical practices and engage students in collaborative learning experiences. By integrating eTwinning with children's literacy, the guide fosters creativity, critical thinking and intercultural awareness among students. The results demonstrate a positive transformation in confidence and willingness to initiate collaborative projects. This work represents a significant advance in leveraging digital tools for educational enrichment, with implications for professional development and innovative practices in language education.","""Haur Alfabetatzea eta Ingelesezko Komunikazioa eTwinning-en bidez sustatuz"" gidak tresna-kaxa oso bat eskaintzen die lehen hezkuntzako irakasleei, praktika pedagogikoak hobetzeko eta ikasleak lankidetzan ikasteko esperientzietan inplikatzeko. Haurren alfabetatzea eTwinning-ekin integratzean, sormena, pentsamendu kritikoa eta kulturarteko kontzientzia sustatzen ditu gidak ikasleen artean. Emaitzek erakusten dute eraldaketa positiboa izan dela konfiantzan eta lankidetza-proiektuei ekiteko prestutasunean. Lan hau aurrerapen nabarmena da hezkuntza aberasteko tresna digitalen aprobetxamenduan,garapen profesionalerako inplikazioak eta hizkuntza-hezkuntzako praktika berritzaileak proposatzen baititu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55040,2022-01-18,"Analyzing the role that the groups of popular boxing have in the community and the effects that these groups have on people participating in these groups has been the aim of this investigation of the Grade of Social Education. This investigation was done regarding the popular boxing groups of Palestra Popolare La Fontina of Pisa (Italy) and Sanifight of San Inazio, Bilbao. A qualitative methodology has been used to achieve that goal, using the interview to collect the necessary data. These interviews have shown that these groups of popular boxing are an inclusive element in the community, activating participants, developing personal autonomy and creating a feeling of belonging. Therefore, the conclusion that has been reached is that these groups of popular boxing are beneficial for the activation of the community and for the people who participate in these groups.","Gizarte Hezkuntza Graduko ikerketa honen helburuak boxeo herrikoi taldeek komunitatean duten rola zein den aztertzea eta bertan parte hartzen duten pertsonengan duten eragina ikertzea da. Azterketa, Pisako (Italia) Palestra Popolare La Fontinako boxeo herrikoi taldean eta Bilboko San Inazio auzoko Sanifight taldean burutu da. Helburu horiek lortzeko metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da eta elkarrizketak, ikerketa tresna gisa. Elkarrizketa hauen bidez, boxeo herrikoi talde hauek komunitateko elementu inklusiboak direla agerian geratu da, parte hartzaileak aktibatuz, hauen autonomia pertsonala garatuz eta pertenentzia sentimendua sortuz. Horregatik, boxeo herrikoi talde hauek bai komunitatearen aktibaziorako eta baita norbanakoentzat ere, onuragarriak direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16240,2015-11-27,"Nowadays, a lot of industries such as aviation or space industries are looking for new materials with excellent properties. However, these materials often present other kind of handicaps, for example, machinability. With this TFG, the grinding of one of these materials, Inconel 718, will be studied. To achieve the objective, this TFG will be performed in three steps. Firstly, it is necessary to analyze the material Inconel 718 and its properties. After that, its grinding process will be studied, emphasizing the wheel wear; and finally, will be done a search of alternatives or solutions to improve the grinding process. The performance of this TFG is quite necessary to understand the behavior of the grinding wheel during the process and improve it by lessening its wear.","Gaur egun, gero eta industria gehiago, esate baterako aeronautika eta espazialak, berealdiko ezaugarriak aurkezten dituzten material berrien bila doaz. Hala ere, material hauek eragozpenak aurkezten dituzte, hauen MAKINABILIDADEA adibidez. TFG honen bidez, material hauetako baten, Inconel 718-ren artezketa prozesua aztertu egingo da. Helburu hauek lortzeko, TFG hau hiru urratsetan burutuko da. Lehenik eta behin, Inconel 718-ren ezaugarriak aztertu eta ezagutu behar dira. Gero, gauza bera egin beharko da artezketa prozesuarekin, zorroztarrien higadura nabarmentzen; azkenean, artezketa prozesua optimizatzen duten konponbide eta hautabideak aurkitzeko. TFG honen egiteak artezketa prozesuan ematen den zorroztarrien higadura ulertu eta txikiagotzea lortu nahi du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30298,2018-12-12,"SUMMARY: In this end of degree work is studied the need to make an intervention in Nabarniz in order to treat wastewater, damaging as little as possible the enviroment. This village belongs to Bizkaia (Basque Country) and it has an old depuration system which is not in proper conditions. Because of that, this town is one of the few villages in the area which does not comply with current regulations. In order to solve this problem, the proposed solution is an WTP. This end of degree work reflects the design and dimensioning of this one, just like the title of the work says. This work is composed by four sections: Memory, Planes, Sheet of Technical Prescriptions and Budget. The Memory, which is the most extended part of these four, is formed by Descriptive Memory and Annexed Documents. In the Memory is explained in more detail how the current depuration system is and its effects. They are also explained different systems that can be used too for each one of the treatments and which one is chosen and why, partly as the result of calculations made. They appear in the Annexes that complement the Memory. The section of Planes allows reader to see how this WTP is going to be and its location and accesses. They may also be seen the different systems which constitute the WTP and its dimensions. The Sheet of Technical Conditions includes characteristics of the different installations and conditions which have to comply the materials used. Finally, in the Budget is reflected the cost of whole installation, breaking down this total cost into the different parts which define the WTP whith theirrepective costs.","LABURPENA Gradu amaierako lan honetan interbentzio bat egiteko beharra aztertzen da Nabarnizen, hondakin urak tratatzeko eta ingurumena ahalik eta gutxien kaltetzeko. Herri hau Bizkaian dago (Euskal Herrian) eta bere arazketako sistema egoera txarrean dago eta zaharra da ere bai. Horregatik, uneko arautegia betetzen ez duten inguruko herrietako bakarra da. Proposatutako arazoen konponbidea EDAR bat da eta gradu amaierako lan honek disenua eta dimensionamendua irakasten ditu. Lau atalek osatzen dute lan hau: Memoria, Planak, Zehaztapen teknikoak eta Aurrekontua. Memoria dago banatuta Descriptiboko memorian eta Eranskinetan eta lau atalen dokumenturik zabalena da. Memorian azaltzen da zehatz-mehatz nola dabil uneko arazketako sistema eta bere akatsak. Bebai azaltzen da tratamendu bakoitzerako erabil daitekeen sistema ezberdinak, zein hartzen da eta zergatik, Memorian eta Eranskitean dauden egindako kalkuluei esker. Planen atalak aukera ematen dio irakurleak EDAR-ak nola egingo duen ikusteko eta kokapena udalerrian eta bere sarbideak. Be bai, EDAR osatzen duten sistemak dimentsioekin ikus daiteke. Zehaztapen Teknikoak instalazio ezberdinen ezaugarriak eta erabilitako materialek bete behar dituzten baldintzak edukitzen ditu. Azkenik, Aurrekontuak instalazio guztiaren kostua erakustendu. Kostu total hau EDAR-ren atal ezberdinetan banatzen da bere kostuekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14016,2015-01-16,"This is a FDA about the education of people with functional diversity. After reviewing the course of the same throughout history, the different educational systems in the Basque Country and Ireland are discussed. This is a research paper that includes a comprehensive literature review on the topic, including the collection of data in both countries, through subjective questionnaires completed by teachers of both. The purpose of these instruments was to know and compare the attitudes of each other, taking into account the importance of the same. After the research, was stated that the two countries have different ways of understanding the special education: while in the Basque Country are moving from integration to inclusion, in Ireland are full of contradictions; as the fact that although inclusion is promoted, they continue keeping special schools. In Ireland the situation has to change, but here too. Inclusion is the way education must follow; it will not be an easy road, but living with children with functional diversity is an option and we can all be winners.","Aniztasun funtzionala duten pertsonen hezkuntzaren inguruko GALa da hau. Hezkuntzak arlo honetan izan duen ibilbidea ezagutu ostean, EAE eta Irlandako hezkuntza sistemak aztertzen dituena. Ikerketa lana da hau eta gaiaren inguruko azterketa bibliografiko sakona izateaz gain bi herrialdeetan datu bilketa egin izan da, bi herrialdeetako irakasleak betetako galdetegien bitartez. Tresna hauen helburua batzuen zein besteen jarrerak ezagutzea eta konparatzea zen, hauen garrantziaz jabetuz. Ikerketa lanaren ostean bi herrialdeek heziketa berezia ulertzeko bi modu desberdin dituztela azaleratzen da: EAEn integraziotik inklusiora bidean gauden bitartean, Irlandan kontraesan ugari daude; izan ere, inklusioa bultzatu nahi da, baina eskola bereziak mantenduz. Irlandan badute zer aldatu, baina bertan ere badugu. Inklusioa da jarraitu beharreko bidea; ez da erraza izango, baina aniztasun funtzionala duten haurrekin elkar bizitzea aukera bat da eta guztiok izan gaitezke irabazle." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28308,2013,"This paper has its origin in the accumulation and analysis of more than 250 graffiti heads in the city of Saragossa (Spain). Their resemblance to those humans heads from the Palaeolithic rock-art brought about us a thought about the nature of this kind of representations. Everything seems to point out that the formal similarities are not casual. On the contrary, these motives seem to be a way for the expression of human emotions, something that appears in every epoch in an underground and extraofficial way. The concept of “caricature” is a modern theoretical construction that discerns a large number of representations that are not considered in the aesthetic established canons, but they use the same proceeding. The current definition for this term appears as a real handicap for the study and comprehension of a phenomenon which origins seems to be intrinsecal to Human being. The Archaeology needs to think about a new concept for “caricature”, trying to be aware of some prejudices and admitting new questions about the Palaeolithic rock-art human heads.","Lan honen jatorria Zaragozako hirian egindako berrehun eta berrogeita hamar graffiti buru baino gehiagoren pilaketa eta ikerketa da. Paleolitoko labar artean agertzen diren buruekin duten antzak irudikapen hauen izaeraren inguruko hausnarketa sortu du. Ematen duenez, antzekotasun formal hauek ez dira ustekabekoak. Aitzitik, gizakiek garai guztietan zehar modu extraofizial eta klandestinoan bere emozioak adierazteko izan duen era izan daiteke. Karikatura kontzeptua egungo eraketa teorikoa da, estetika kanon ofizialetik kanpo geratzen diren irudikapen asko baztertzen dituena, prozedura berdina erabiltzen badute ere. Termino honen egungo definizioak, gizakiaren berezko nolakotasuna dela ematen duen fenomeno honen jatorriaren ikerketa eta ulermena galarazten du. Arkeologiak karikatura kontzeptua birpentsatu behar du, zenbait aurreiritzi daudela ohartzeko eta Paleolitoko labar artearen giza buruen irudikapenen inguruan galdera berriak egin ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23177,2017-07,"Virtualization of a container system based on the Raspberry Pi low cost platform. The aim of the project is the implementation of a CODESYS based program for controlling any industrial plant, accomplishing the requirements of the PLC IEC 61131-3 standard. Those containers are held on Docker which is an open-source project that automates the deployment of applications inside software containers.","Koste baxuko zirukuitu-plaka bakarreko (Raspberry Pi izenez) ordenagailu batean oinarrituta dagoen kontenedore sistema baten birtualizazioa. Docker softwarea dela bide, birtualizazioaren helburua prozesu automatiko baten kontrola ahalbidetzen duen programa ezartzea da. Programa hori CODESYS software bitartez egingo da, betiere, PLC IEC 61131-3 estandar internazionala errespetatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53931,2021-11-22,"INGLES: In order to entertain and get robotics closer to the user, this work presents a robotic cell for the resolution of Rubik’s cubes. The system consists of the YuMi two-armed collaborative robot and an artificial vision camera. Thanks to this camera, the system is able to detect the position and configuration of the Rubik’s cube, in addition to identifying whether it is a 2x2 or 3x3 cube. Once the cube is detected, the robot uses its both arms to solve the cube with the minimum number of turns and movements possible. Additionally, in order to increase communication between the system and the user, a touch screen and a sound module have been added.","EUSKERA: Robotikaren mundura hurbiltzeko eta entretenitzeko asmoz, Rubiken kuboak ebazteko zelula robotizatu bat aurkezten du lan honek. Sistema bi besoko YuMi robot kolaboratzaileak eta ikusmen artifizialeko kamera batek osatzen dute. Kamera honi esker, sistema Rubiken kuboaren posizioa eta konfigurazioa detektatzeko gai da, 2x2ko kuboa edo 3x3koa den identifikatzeaz gain. Kuboa detektatu ondoren, robotak bi besoak erabiltzen ditu kuboa ahalik eta bira eta mugimendu gutxienekin ebazteko. Gainera, sistemaren eta erabiltzailearen arteko komunikazioa areagotzeko, ukimen-pantaila bat eta soinu-modulu bat gehitu zaizkio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29494,2018-10-31,"The present study aims to propose a viable solution both technically and economically for electric energy in a sustainable way. For the solution that is presented, the Oria River belonging to the province of Guipúzcoa has been taken as the location, however, calculations can be extrapolated to other locations conditions. The main objective of the project is to obtain electricity through the use of hydraulic energy, however, in view to reduce costs, any option that requires civil works has been discarded, therefore, the choice being a turbine of the Venturi-type, where a commercial turbine in the market will be chosen and a Venturi tube will be designed to improve the conditions of the river. In addition, the connecting elements (turbine, girder, concrete block and anchor plate fasteners) will be calculated and be screened to ensure stability and full resistance of the system.","Hondorengo ikerketaren helburua energia elektriko iraunkorrarentzat soluzio tekniko eta ekonomikoren bat bilatzea da. Auzkerten den soluziorako Oria errekaren kokapena hartu da, Gipuzkoako probintzian. Izan ere kalkulu hauek aintzat hartu ahal dira beste kokapen batzuetarako. Proeiktuaren helburu handiena energia hidraulikaren bidez elektrizitatea lortzea da, kontuan hartuz kostuak murrizteko obra zibila behar duen proiektu guztiak baliogabeak direla. Horrela gauzak izanda, Venturi motako turbina bat erabiltzea adostu da, non merkatuan dagoen turbina bat aukeratuko da eta Venturiren hodi bat diseinatuko da errekaren baldintzak hobetzeko. Gainera, lotura elementuak (turbina en ainguraketak, habea, zapata) kalkulatu egingo dira sistemaren estabilitatea eta iraupena guztiz bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19471,2016-11-04,"The aeronautical environment, as well as its specific turbomachinery component based manufacturing are growing sectors to develop. The complex geometry forms they are integrated by imply a huge dilemma in terms of production processes. It is due to this that this project is conceived as a solution to the aforementioned dilemma, not only implementing a turbomachining paths simulation methodology, but also a virtual collision verifying process between tools-machine-equipment.","Bai ingurune aeronautikoa, bai turbomakineria osagaien fabrikazioaren adarra bereziki, goranzko sektore bezala aurkezten dira. Osagai hauek aurkezten dituzten geometria konplexuak fabrikatzeko garaian, problematika zabala erakusten dute. Honenbestez proiektua, aipaturiko problematikaren irtenbide bezala kontzebitu daiteke, bertan turbomakinak osatzen dituzten osagairen baten mekanizazio norabideen simulazio metodologia txertatuz. Era berean, lanabes, erreminta eta makinen artean gerta daitezkeen talken egiaztatze birtuala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24359,2015,"The present article, which derives from the author’s paper at the Conference on “Accountability within the Police Institution”, addresses the tensions between the discretion and freedom regarding police activity, on the one hand, and the possible abuses when policing, on the other hand.","Artikulu honek –zeina egileak “Kontu-ematea polizia-erakundean” Jardunaldian emandako ponentzian duen jatorria– honako bi alderdi hauen arteko tentsioak aztertzen ditu: batetik, polizia-jardunaren diskrezionaltasuna eta askatasuna ditugu, eta bestetik, jardun hori egikaritzean gerta daitezkeen gehiegikeriak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72597,2025-02-10,"This document comprises a bibliographic review and subsequent educational proposal presented as a a learning situation that aims to analyze the situation of the Physical Education subject in the new interdisciplinary framework proposed by the new LOMLOE educational law. It seems that the strategic future of the latest pedagogical trends the basis of the teaching-learning process will lay on work by knowledge areas, interdisciplinarity and proposals in which students will feel a connection with contents and, therefore motivated to learn. At this point that is so complicated for all the agents that make up the academic system, this work, presented as a learning situation, aims to provide a response to interdisciplinarity, starting from the Physical Education subject, a subject that is somehow a separate piece in the academic framework since it does not belong to any of the main areas: science area, language area, science area or artistic area.","Hurrengo lana hezkuntza lege berriak, LOMLOek, oinarri moduan duen disziplinartekotasunari buruzko berrikuspen bibliografiko batean datza, emaitza, heziketa fisikoa ardatz duen ikas egoera bat izango delarik. Badirudi, azken urteetako bilakaera pedagogikoek, eremukako irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesu bat dutela helburu, non disziplinartekotasunean eta ikasleek gaien arteko loturak sortzen dien motibazioak duen garrantzian jartzen duten adituek indarra. Horrela, hezkuntza komunitatea sortzen dugun agente guztiak, egoera aldakor eta zail baten aurrean aurkitzen gara, erronka handi baten aurrean. Gradu amaierako lan honek, egoera horren aurrean erantzun bat eman nahi du, ikas egoera eran, heziketa fisikotik abiatuta, nolabait isolatuta gelditzen den materia bai da, eremu nagusietatik at gelditzen delako: zientzia arloa, hizkuntza arloa, ingurunearen ezagutzaren arloa eta arte arlotik alegia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23146,2017-07,"The main purpose of this project is the analysis of a slab track system. The loads and deformations that support some elements of the structure to the passage of a train are estimated, in addition to defining the dimensions and properties, such as rigidity, of some elements. For this purpose, an engineering software has been used to evaluate these properties by doing some experiments.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia lauza bidezko trenbide baten egitura aztertzea da, trena igarotzen denean sortzen diren karga eta deformazioak estimatuz eta egitura osatzen duten elementuen batzuen ezaugarriak (zurruntasuna, dimentsioak) zehaztuz. Honetarako egituren diseinuan erabiltzen den programa bat erabiliko da, eta bertan zenbait saiakuntza burutuz aipatutako parametroen balioa lortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73264,2025-05-07,"This thesis explores the emerging Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications New Radio + (DECT NR+) technology, focusing the work in examining and evaluating its capabilities, performance, and position within the landscape of Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LP-WAN) technologies and the fulfillments of the requirements for the new use cases designed for 5G. Through simulations using NS3 and MATLAB, the study evaluates the scalability of the technology. Moreover, an extensive performance analysis with the first generation of compatible devices has been conducted by designing, developing, and executing targeted scenarios to test key performance parameters. The results of this evaluations have been compared to the requirements of the 5G use cases for this technology was designed for and a specific use case has been developed taking into account on what the technology offers. Based on the evaluation, a novel use case leveraging DECT NR+'s unique features was developed, showcasing its potential applications in smart lighting applications. This research contributes to the understanding of DECT NR+ as a viable LP-WAN technology for the 5G ecosystems.","Tesi honek DECT NR+ teknologia aztertzen du, bere gaitasunen, errendimenduaren eta LPWAN teknologien panoramaren barruan duen posizioaren azterketan eta ebaluazioan zentratuz, eta 5G-rako diseinatutako erabilera-kasu berrietarako baldintzak betetzen diren aztertuz. NS3 eta MATLAB erabiliz egindako simulazioen bidez, ikerketak teknologiaren eskalagarritasuna ebaluatzen du. Baita ere, errendimenduaren azterketa sakona burutu da gailu bateragarrien erabilerari esker, errendimenduaren funtsezko parametroak probatzeko agertoki gidatuak diseinatuz, garatuz eta gauzatuz. Ebaluazio horien emaitzak teknologia hori diseinatu zen 5G erabilera-kasuetako baldintzekin konparatu dira, eta argiztapen adimendunerako erabilera-kasu bat garatu da Smart Cities-en testuinguruan, teknologiaren ahalmenak kontuan hartuta. Ikerketa honek DECT NR+ 5G ekosistemetarako bideragarria den LPWAN teknologia gisa ulertzen laguntzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50966,2021-04-15,"The objective of this Final-Year Dissertation is to design a didactic unit that promotes a healthy and sustainable diet. For this purpose, information on the subject has been sought in different bibliographical sources and research has been carried out at the Larrabetzu public school in order to identify and analyse students’ knowledge deficiencies on the subject. Two quantitative questionnaires were used to carry out the study, one aimed at teachers and the other at students. A total of 86 students and teachers participated in the study and the results were very useful for the design of the teaching unit. Once the answers have been analysed, it has been established that the main objective of the didactic unit is to promote the consumption of fruit and vegetables in order to encourage a healthy and sustainable diet. Furthermore, in order to take advantage of the resources available at the school, a large part of the focus of the didactic unit is on the school garden.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua elikadura osasuntsua eta jasangarria sustatuko duen unitate didaktiko bat diseinatzea da. Horretarako, gaiari buruzko informazioa bilatu da iturri bibliografikoetan eta ikerketa bat egin da Larrabetzuko eskola publikoan, ikasleek gaiaren inguruan dituzten gabeziak aztertzeko. Azterketa egiteko bi galdetegi kuantitatibo erabili dira, bata irakasleentzat eta bestea ikasleentzat. Guztira 86 ikaslek eta irakaslek hartu dute parte azterketan eta emaitzak oso erabilgarriak izan dira unitate didaktikoa diseinatzeko. Erantzunak aztertu ondoren, egiaztatu da unitate didaktikoaren helburu nagusia fruta eta barazkien kontsumoa sustatzea dela, elikadura osasuntsua eta jasangarria sustatzeko. Gainera, eskolak dituen baliabideak aprobetxatzeko, unitate didaktikoaren ikuspegiaren zati handi bat eskolako baratzean oinarritu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41355,2020-02-20,"The following investigation tries to evaluate the existing knowledge level and the general opinion in society about the subject of gender diversity. It serves to justify the need to create different improvement plans which could be used to acknowledge and initiate a social change regarding current perceptions that people have. For this purpose, a theoretical review of historical development is carried out, and follows up a qualitative as well as a quantitative investigation that analyzes the knowledge of the participants. To conclude, a proposal to improve the detected situation is presented.","Ondorengo ikerketa, gizarteak genero aniztasunaren inguruan duen ezagutza ebaluatzeko eta aldi berean gizarteak honen inguruan duen iritzi globala aztertzeko egin da. Horrekin, hobekuntza plan desberdinak sortzearen beharra justifikatzen du. Horrela, errealitate desberdinak ulertu eta ezagutzeko aukera ez ezik, gizarte aldaketa abian jartzeko aukera ere ematen du. Hori lortzeko, garapen historikoaren berrikuspen teorikoa zein ikerketa kuantitatiboa eta kualitatibo bana egiten da, non parte hartzaileen ezagutza eta iritziak aztertzen diren. Amaitzeko, aurkeztu zaigun egoera hobetzeko asmoz, hobekuntza plan bat proposatu izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16473,2015-12-15,"The purpose of this Final Project is to calculate the movements needed for the actuators of the platform of a parallel kinematic mechanism, in order to locate the piece in a suitable position to carry out its micro-milling. To develop the project, it will be needed a programming software such as Matlab. This work arises from the need of supporting a bigger project on the design of a parallel kinematic manipulator, with flexible joints. Thus it is intended that while the tool is stationary, the micro-milling of molds for manufacturing micro-lenses is achieved by the movement of the manipulator. The inverse kinematics have been resolved and the task space have been calculated. Assignments, budget and project risks will be presented in this paper. This document ends with annexes in which the programming code is included.","Gradu Proiektu Final honen helburu nagusia mekanismo zinematiko paralelo baten plataformako erabilgailuan behar diren mugimenduak kalkulatzea da, pieza kokatzeko posizioa aurkitzeko eta bere mikrofresatua aurrera eramateko. Proiektua garatzeko, Matlab bezalako programazio softwer-a beharrezkoa izango da. Lan honek proiektu handi bat laguntzeko beharratik sortzen da, zinematika paralelo maneiagailu baten diseinuan datza, zeinen junturak deformazioz lan egiten dute. Horrela, tresna egonkorra den bitarean, maneiagailuaren mugimenduaren bitartez mikrolenteak fabrikatzeko moldeen mikrofresatua lortzea da asmoa. Alderantzizko zinematika ebatsi da eta lan eremua kalkulatu da. Dokumentu honetan zereginak, aurrekontua eta proiektuaren arriskuak aurkeztuko dira. Dokumentu honek eranskinekin amaitzen da; bertan, programazio-kodea sartuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59633,2023-02-01,"In today's society there are great social problems and it is evident that we are living dark and uncertain times; the solution to these concerns for many people is simple: security and punishment. To this end, criminal law is the effective instrument used to build order, but there are other alternatives, and we are confident that we will seek a fairer and more balanced society away from prisons. That is why, with this work, we want to defend the use of criminal mediation, especially in the area of minors that we are going to deal with. In order to this purpose, the following lines shall first examine the nature of the minor and its rights in the criminal sphere, taking into account the origin of the criminal law of minors and its legal framework. We shall then look at alternative criminal mediation in juvenile criminal proceedings, examining its regulation and functioning. In this regard, we will approach our territorial area by analyzing the effectiveness of this instrument in Basque society, thus knowing the reality of the criminal mediation of minors in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. Finally, we shall present proposals and conclusions to strengthen criminal mediation.","Gaur egungo gizartean arazo sozial handiak ditugu eta garai ilunak eta ziurgabeak bizi ditugula nabarmentzen da; kezka horien aurrean askoren irtenbidea sinplea da: segurtasuna eta zigorra ezartzea. Horretarako, Zigor Zuzenbidea da ordena eraikitzeko erabiltzen den tresna eraginkorra, baina badira beste alternatibak ere, hain justu, gizarte justuago eta orekatuagoa bilatuko dugulakoan gaude kartzeletatik urrun. Horregatik, lan honekin, bitartekaritza penalaren erabileraren defentsa egin nahi dugu, bereziki landuko dugun adingabeen eremuan. Helburu horrekin, hurrengo lerroetan, lehenik eta behin, adingabearen izaera eta arlo penalean dituen eskubideen azterketa egingo dugu, Adingabeen Zigor Zuzenbidearen jatorriari eta honen marko juridikoari erreparatuz. Ondoren, adin txikikoen zigor prozesuan alternatiba den bitartekaritza penalari erreparatuko diogu, bere erregulazioa eta funtzionamendua aztertuz. Ildo horretan, gure lurralde eremura gerturatuko gara, euskal gizartean tresna honek duen eraginkortasuna aztertuz, horrela Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan adingabeen bitartekaritza penalaren errealitatea ezagutuz. Azkenik, bukatzeko, bitartekaritza penala indartzeko proposamenak eta ondorioak agertuko ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67708,2024-05-07,"This final degree project focuses on the promotion of interculturality through dialogic literary gatherings. In addition, the understanding and analysis of cultural diversity has been fundamental to quantify the effectiveness of the conversations. Therefore, it has been necessary to understand the existing cultural diversity in the community, identifying cultures and valuing the opportunities and challenges that arise from it. This educational strategy is based on dialogic learning. The objective of this type of methodology is to encourage active participation and critical dialogues among participants, allowing them to reflect on different cultural perspectives through literature. This research is framed in the context of the third year of Primary Education students of a Learning Community in Vitoria. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the impact of the literary dialogic gatherings in the promotion of interculturality, as part of the school community project. In order to significantly evaluate the results obtained, the field notebook perspective has been used. This evaluation approach was based on the collection of qualitative data through direct observation of the literary discussions and the collection of testimonies of the participants. Thus, the students' attitudes and perceptions about cultural diversity were analyzed, as well as the development of communicative skills and critical thinking in the conversations.","Euskaraz idatzitako lana. Gradu-amaierako lan hau kulturartekotasunaren sustapenean zentratzen da, solasaldi literario dialogikoen bidez. Horrez gain, kultura-aniztasuna ulertzea eta aztertzea ere funtsezkoa izan da solasaldien eraginkortasuna kuantifikatzeko. Horregatik, beharrezkoa izan da eskola-komunitatean dagoen kultura-aniztasuna ulertzea, kulturak identifikatuz eta aniztasun horretatik sortzen diren aukerak eta erronkak baloratuz. Hezkuntza-estrategia hau ikaskuntza dialogikoan oinarritzen da. Metodologia mota honen helburua parte-hartzaileen artean parte-hartze aktiboa eta elkarrizketa kritikoak sustatzea da, literaturaren bidez ikuspegi kultural desberdinei buruz hausnartzeko aukera emanez. Ikerketa hau Gasteizko Ikas Komunitate bateko Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako ikasleen testuinguruan kokatzen da. Lan honen helburu nagusia tertulia dialogiko literarioek kulturartekotasunaren sustapenean duten eragina ebaluatzea da, eskola-komunitatearen proiektuaren parte izanik. Lortutako emaitzak modu adierazgarri batean ebaluatzeko, landa-koadernoaren ikuspegia erabili da. Ebaluazio ikuspegi honen oinarria datu kualitatiboak biltzean oinarritu da, literatur solasaldiak zuzenean behatuz eta parte-hartzaileen testigaintzak bilduz. Hori dela eta, ikasleek kultura-aniztasunari buruz dituzten jarrerak eta pertzepzioak aztertu dira, baita komunikazio-trebetasunen eta pentsamendu kritikoaren garapena ere solasaldietan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25120,2004,"Some aspects related to the Islamic fundamentalism are mentioned, making a comparison between the roots of the Islam, the Judaism and the Christianity, the three great religions monotheists. Thus, the author deals with the essential questions of these religions, explaining their negative as well as positive aspects, and showing the complexity of the fundamentalism, suggesting how the faith can, with relative facility, slide towards absolute convictions.","Islam-aren, Judaísmo-aren eta Kristianismo-aren, sustraien arteko konparaziotik abiatuta fundamentalismo islamikoarekin erlazionatutako hainbat aspektu azaltzen dira. Hiru erlijio hauen ezaugarri garrantzitsuenetan sakontzen da, hauen alde positibo eta negatiboak azalduz eta fundamentalismoaren konplejua azalduz, fedeak konbentzimendu absolutuetan erortzeko duen erraztasuna agerian utziaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16260,2015-11-30,"The purpose of this Project is to establish an organizational department based on Project Management Office in a specific business. The Project studies some different ways to apply the new organization step by step, appart from explaining the different kinds of management offices that could be implanted in a business. This Project arises as a response to the increasing number of Research and Development (R&D) departments, which although being characterized by their wide knowledge of technical features, have a lack of in other branches of knowledge, such as the ones that have to do with Project direction or management. In spite of having worked without these techniques until a few years ago, this improvement is very beneficial providing opportunities to reduce costs and optimize available resources and capacities.","Proiektu honen helburua antolatze-departamentu bat ezartzea da enpresa zehatz bateko proiektuen bulego-kudeaketan oinarrituta dagoena. Proiektuak, antolakuntza berria urratsez urrats ezartzeko bide anitzak aztertzen ditu, enpresa batean ezarri daitezkeen proiektuen bulego-kudeaketa mota desberdinak azaltzeaz gain. Proiektu hau sortzen da Ikerketa, Garapena eta Berrikuntza (I+G+B) departamentuen gehikuntzari erantzuna bezala, zeregin tekniko oso konplexuak aurrera eramateko ezagutza oso zabalak dituztenak. Hala ere, ezagutzaren beste arloetan ahulguneak dituzte, proiektuen zuzendaritzarekin lotuta daudenak, besteak beste. Duela urte bakar batzuk arte teknika hauekin gabe lan egiten egon arren, hobekuntza hau onuragarria da kostuak murrizteko eta baliabideak eta gaitasunak optimizatzeko aukera eskainiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26996,1996,"The preface that José Luis L. Aranguren wrote for the book of Antonio Beristain Ciencia penal y Criminología is transcribed, in which not only its criminal content, but the criminological questions that he treats are pointed out: terrorism, prison, police, the ethical problem of criminal law... In the same way, it is underlined an important reflection about the social model where we live.","José Luis L. arangurenek Antonio Beristainen Ciencia penal y Criminologia liburuari idatzitako hitzaurrea transkribitzen da. Hitzaurre honetan nabarmentzen dira bai eduki penalak bai liburuan tratatzen diren gai kriminologikoak: terrorismoa, espetxeak, polizia, Zuzenbide penalaren arazo etikoa, etaabar. Era berean, sartzen ari garen gizarte-ereduari buruz egindako garrantzizko gogoeta azpimarratzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16194,2015-11-25,"The main objective of this project is to get the mechanical characteristic of the chassis of the car, using lighter and finer metal sheets and improving the productivity of the process .For this, it is necessary to simulate the cooling process that occurs during the hot stamping process with cooling pipes. For doing it, it is used a finite elements software called ANSYS, until it is obtained the real performance of the metal sheet during the cooling process within the acceptable limits. As secondary objective there is the consolidation of the theoretical basis of Science of Materials and the acquisition of more knowledge related to the heat exchange between solid bodies, focused on the temperature distribution on the surface of these. In the first part it is dealt with the general ideas of hot stamping and its possible variations. The main need for using new materials is going to be explained too, as well as the reason for using cooling pipes. Next, the geometry of the metal sheet is going to be determined, as well as the different geometries of the hot forming dies, which will have different distribution of cooling pipes. In addition the criterion for carrying out the transient thermal analysis to the die-sheet-mould is determined. Once the type of the analysis is selected it is going deep in its study, applying it to the different pipes geometries. Then the obtained results and errors are going to be analyzed and solutions are going to be found. At last, it is going to come to the conclusions about the simulation made and the results between the different geometries of pipes are going to be discussed.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia kotxeetako txasietako osagaien ezaugarri mekanikoak lortzea da, pisu eta lodiera txikiagoko txapak erabilita eta produktibitatea hobetuz; horretarako berotako estanpazioan zehar ematen den tenplaketa prozesua simulatzea beharrezkoa da, baldin eta trokel-matrize multzoa hozte sistema batez ekipatuta dagoen. Horretarako ANSYS elementu finituetako software-a erabili da, txaparen portaera erreala bere muga onargarrien artean adierazi arte. Bigarren mailako helburu gisa materialetako zientzien oinarrien sendotzea eta gorputz solidoen arteko bero transmisioari buruzko ezaguera handiagoa lortzea da, gorputz horien azaleran zehar ematen den tenperatura distribuzioan oinarrituz. Lehenengo atalean berotako estanpazioari buruzko kontzeptu orokorrak eta bere aldaerak azalduko dira. Material berrien erabileraren beharra ere azalduko da, baita trokel-matrize multzoan hozte sistema erabiltzearen arrazoiak ere. Jarraian, aztertuko den txaparen geometría definituko da, baita trokel-matrize multzoaren geometria ezberdinak ere, zeinek hozte sistemako hodien banaketa ezberdinak izango dituzten. Horretaz aparte, trokel-txapa-matrize multzoari egingo zaion azterketa termiko iragankorra egiteko irizpideak zehaztuko dira. Behin analisi mota zehaztuta egonda, bere ikasketa sakona egingo da, geometría ezberdineko trokel-txapa-matrize multzoei aplikatuta. Lortutako emaitzak eta akatsak aztertuko dira eta alternatiba berriak bilatuko dira. Bukatzeko egindako simulazioari buruzko ondorioak aterako dira eta hozte sistemako hodien banaketa ezberdinekin lorturiko emaitzen arteko konparaketa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16482,2015-12-16,"At present, the transport model has made little progress in the attempt to curb climate change and in environmental protection. In addition, the big business that exists after oil makes this type of transport is unsustainable. That's why being developed at national and international level, a solution to this problem is the use of electric vehicles (EV). The massive introduction of EV will allow the extensive use of non-polluting energy sources and intermittent, such as renewable energy. However, EVs are far from proven technology. There are still many issues around it that have to be resolved, among them are the development of the batteries, their business model and the influence of cost or connection EV on the grid. The latter problem will be greatly influenced by the social behavior of future drivers, which is the centerpiece of the project.","Gaur egun, garraioak aurrerapen eskasak izan ditu aldaketa klimatikoa gelditzen edo ingurumena zaintzen saiatzean. Bestalde, petrolioren atzean existitzen den salerosketak garraio hau ez-iraunkorra izatea eragiten du. Hau guztiagatik, arazo honi aurre egiteko, maila nazionalean eta internazionalean konponbide bat garatzen ari da, hau da, ibilgailu elektrikoa. Honen sarrera masiboak ez kutsatzaile eta aldizkakoak diren energia iturrien erabilpen estentsiboa lagako du, energia berriztagarriak diren lez. Hala ere, ibilgailu elektrikoak teknologia frogatu bat izatearen urrun daude. Haren inguruan, oraindik konponduak izan behar diren arazo ugari existitzen dira, hauen artean azpimarratu ahal dira, baterien garapena, bere salerosketaren eta kostuaren eredua edo ibilgailu elektrikoaren konexioaren eragina sare elektrikoan. Azken arazo honek, etorkizuneko gidariaren jarrera sozialaren eragin handia izango du, proiektuaren ardatz nagusia izango dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23219,2017-07,"The project justifies the need of constructing big span structures, presents the problem of its design and analyzes the various solutions available, focusing on lattice beams and composite beams made of steel and its advantages and disadvantages. In order to complete the study of lattice beams, the project includes the design of a hangar at Loiu airport using them.","Proiektu honek, bao handiko egiturak sortzeko beharra aurkezten du, eraikitzeko dituzten arazoak adierazten ditu eta arazo horiei konponbidea emateko dauden bideak aztertzen ditu, altzairuz egindako sare-egituradun habeetan eta habe konposatuetan arreta berezia jarriz eta bi irtenbide hauek dituzten abantailak eta desabantailak azalduz. Bukatzeko, sare-egituradun habeak erabiliz, Loiuko aireportuan eraikitako hangar baten diseinua aurkezten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26150,1992,"it is discussed the subject of medical case of victims, the relation between Medicine and Victims, as well as the possible victimation of patients when they receive medical care.","kaltedunen sendagille laguntza eta Medikuntza eta Kaltedun artean harremanaz, egileak hitz egiten du. Baita ere, gaisoen erakeitza osabidea jasotzean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58319,2022-11-11,"Everyone has the right to receive financial compensation for damages, whether they are material or moral. Although in cases of gender violence there is no specific law that dictates quantitative scales, the possibility of resorting to other legal and doctrinal mechanisms exists, especially in the case of material damages. Regarding the reparation of moral damages, determining assessment criteria that can be taken into account by the courts to establish the moral amount of the woman who has been assaulted will be more difficult.","Pertsona orok du eragindako kalteengatik konpentsazio ekonomikoa jasotzeko eskubidea, kalte materialak zein moralak izan.Genero-indarkeriaren kasuan baremo kuantitatiboak zehazten dituen lege espezifikorik ez badago ere, beste mekanismo legal eta doktrinal batzuetara jotzeko aukera dago, batez ere, kalte materialen kasuan.Kalte moralaren erreparazioari dagokionez, zailagoa izango da auzitegiek egin ditzaketen balorazio-irizpideak zehaztea kaltetutako emakumearen zenbateko morala ezartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23094,2017,"Software Defined Networks (SDNs) have meant an important change from traditional telecommunications networks. This change has been caused by a growing demand of capacity and speed in networks to accommodate the new services that are emerging every day. In order to bring SDNs to users, is essential that they trust SDNs and it is in this context where the need for the current Degree Ending Work (DEW), which main goal is to increase the security level in SDNs, through the design and development of an application based in policies. This application will detect possible threats or attacks from flows in the network.","Software-z definitutako sareek, aldaketa ugari ekarri dituzte aurreko sare tradizionalekin alderatuz gero. Aldateka hauen zergatia azaltzeko, ezinbestekoa zaigu aipatzea, gaur egungo zerbitzuak eskeni ahal izateko, gero eta garrantzitsuaogoak direla sareen edukiera eta abiadura. Erabitzailei sareen errealitatera hurbiltzeko, beharrezkoa da hauengan konfiantza izatea, testuinguru honetan kokatzen da gradu amaierako proiektu hau. Beraz proiektu honen funtsa da, sarearen segurtasuna handitzea. Horretarako aplikazio bat diseinatu eta implementatu da. Azken hau egiteko sarean zehar dauden erasoen fluxuak eta mehatxuak detektatzen dituzten politikak erabili dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36867,2019-12-12,"In this document, the design of a mobile substation is exposed in order to carry out improvement operations in the fixed substation, as well as maintenance operations, the location of the substation will be the island of MallorcaThe design options of a substation are many, being able to be adapted to the needs of the client, in this context, it is important to know what type of substation is more viable for the use that is going to be given to it. It is important to consider the existing restrictions and especially in the transport the substation to places of difficult access","Dokumentu honetan, azpiestazio mugikorraren diseinua azpiestazio finkoan hobekuntzak egiteko eta baita mantentze lanak burutzeko ere, azpiestazioaren kokapena Mallorca izango da.Azpiestazio baten diseinu aukerak asko dira, bezeroaren beharretara egokitu ahal izateko, testuinguru honetan garrantzitsua da jakitea zer azpiestazio mota bideragarria izango zaion erabiltzeko erabiltzeko. Garrantzitsua da lehendik dauden murrizketak eta, batez ere, azpiestazioak garraiatzeko sarbide zaila duten tokiak kontuan hartzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16341,2015-12-04,"The constant annual increase in the world consumption of stainless steel over the 20th century has led to a need among engineers, architects and designers for information about the properties of this material, as well as its diverse range of applications. The following document aims to study, from an academic viewpoint, the manufacturing process of the stainless steel, analyze its main families and consider their suitability for different applications, facilitating understanding of the different properties of this material.In order to do so, this handbook will introduce the main stainless steels grades, together with a broad view of their metallurgical, physical and mechanical properties; in addition to some possible applications and fabrication techniques. It will be provided, as well, a brief description of the corrosion and its consequences, explained from the stainless steel’s standpoint.","XX. mendean zeharreko altzairu herdoilgaitzen erabileraren urteroko hazkuntzak, ingeniari, arkitekto eta diseinatzaileen beharra handitu du material honen propietate eta erabilerak ezagutu eta aztertzeko. Ondorengo dokumentuaren helburua altzairu herdoilgaitzen fabrikazio prozesuen, familia nagusien eta horien aplikazio desberdinentzako egokitasuna ikertzea da, beti ere ikuspuntu akademiko batetik. Honekin, material honen propietateen ulermena ere erraztuko da. Hau aurrera eramateko, izaera zientifikodun iturri desberdinez baliatuz, altzairu herdoilgaitzen gradu desberdinak aurkeztuko dira, eta, hauekin batera, haien propietate metalurgikoen, fisikoen eta mekanikoen ikuspuntu orokor bat ere; zenbait fabrikazio teknika eta erabilera posiblez gain. Halaber, korrosio fenomenoaren eta honen ondorioen deskribapen orokor bat emango da idazki honetan, altzairu herdoilgaitzen puntutik aztertuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24312,2014,"The next job studies closely the protocol action on workplace mobbing at the University of Cádiz, aimed at the groups that make up the university community: faculty, administrative staff, students and contracted staff to provide services to the university. It is considered of special interest to implement these protocols in universities, considering that are suitable for generated such situations.","Ondorengo lanean Cadizeko Unibertsitateak lan jazarpenari dagokion jarduketa protokoloa lantzen da, unibertsitateko kolektibo desberdinei zuzendua: irakasleei, AZP, ikasleei, nahiz unibertsitatearen zerbitzuentzat kontrataturikoentzat. Interes bereziko gaia dela Protokolo hauen aplikazioa Unibertsitateetan azpimarratu egiten du artikuluak, horrelako egoerak emateko eremua egokiak baitira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14361,2015-02-06,"In every environment around us the bet for equality is a key factor in order to improve itself. The equality between genders in the scientific research world is nowadays still a challenge among the institutions which compose the system. In the Basque Country the institutions support the technological innovation progress. Moreover, It exists a strong system that makes possible the latter progress, which is necessary in order the R+D to work and go further correctly in all its branches. With the proposal of knowing the current situation in the Basque Country, the aim of this research is to study the relationship between the evolution of R & D and the presence of the female researcher in R & D in the Basque Country. In general the study allows us to conclude that the presence of the investigating woman and spending on R & D have a similar evolution over the past twenty years.","Ingurunearen hobekuntza lortzeko, ezinbestekoa da berdintasunaren apustua egitea gure inguruko edozein esparrutan. Gaur egun, ikerketa zientifikoan eta garapen teknologikoan berdintasuna erronka bat da sistemaren erakundeen artean . Euskal Herrian, zientzia, teknologia eta berrikuntzaren alde egiten duen sistema eta egitura instituzional ahaltsu bat dago, eta bere funtzionamendu egokia ezinbestekoa da I+G jardueren garapen egoki bat izateko. Euskal Herriko egoera ezagutzeko asmoz, ikerketa lan honen helburua I+G gastuaren bilakaera eta I+G jardueretan emakume ikerlarien presentziaren bilakaeraren arteko erlazioa aztertzea da. Oro har, ikasketak ondorioztatzen du emakume ikertzailearen presentziak eta I+G gastuak modu berdinean eboluzionatu dutela azken bi hamarkadan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63468,2023-06-09,"[ENThere is no solid jurisprudential criterion in the field of health, so there is still no agreement in the doctrine, especially in terms of the expectations to be applied. Jurisprudence and the Basque Legal Advisory Commissions opinions serious lack of diligence has become the main cause of liability claims in the healthcare field, thus distorting the aspect of the objectivity of liability. With regard to the doctrine of loss of opportunity, minimum and maximum limits must be established in terms of the possibilities of cure or improvement. With regard to informed consent, this is so important that it coincides with the important consequences of the non-fulfilment of such consent, which is the fact that it is incumbent on the ""lex artis ad hoc"". Although there is no specific legal regulation on the doctrine of disproportionate damage, the Supreme Court has created a jurisprudential channel for the individual to be able to claim disproportionate damage, always in relation to the intervention carried out. In this way, a possible means of compensation is established, although it fully complies with the ""lex artis"". ]","Osasunaren arloan, jurisprudentzia irizpide sendorik ez da aurkitzen, horrenbestez, doktrina oraindik ez da ados aurkitzen, batez ere, aplikatu beharreko espektatibetan. Jurisprudentzian nahiz Euskadiko Aholku Batzorde Juridikoaren irizpenetan, gaur egungo errealitateari dagokionez, diligentzia falta larriz jokatzea bihurtu da ukanbehar nagusi osasun arloan erantzukizuna erreklamatzerako orduan, horrenbestez, erantzukizunaren objetibotasunaren aspektua hutsalduz. Aukera galeraren doktrinari dagokionez, gutxieneko eta gehieneko muga batzuk ezarri behar dira sendatzeko edo hobetzeko aukerei dagokienez. Baimen informatuari dagokionez, hain da garrantzitsua, non bat egin baitute baimen hori ez betetzearen ondorio garrantzitsuek “lex artis ad hoc” ez betetzearen ondorioekin. Neurriz kanpoko kaltearen doktrinari dagokionez, berariazko lege erregulaziorik ez badago ere, Auzitegi Gorena arduratu da jurisprudentzia bide bat sortzeaz partikularrak neurriz kanpoko kalteak erreklamatu ahal izan ditzan, betiere egindako esku-hartzeari dagokionez. Horrela, ordaina jasotzeko bide posible bat eratzen da, nahiz eta “lex artis”-a medikuek erabat bete." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27822,2018-06-29,"Polymeric drug delivery systemshave supposed an important advance in the drug administration, since they can improve the drug solubility and bioactivity, prolonging their effect and reducing the side effects that traditional delivery systems cause. In this field, systems which allows the controlled and simultaneous delivery of different therapeutic agentshave become so popular. Thus, by mean of researching work, it has been studied the use of chitosan (CS) based hydrogels for the dual and simultaneous delivery of a hydrophilic agent (tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH)) and a hydrophobic agent (ibuprofen (IBU)). TCH has been added directly to the three-dimensional hydrogel structure, while IBU has been previously encapsulated in polymeric bioresorbable poly (lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) nano- and micrometric sized particles. Once the particles have been made, they have been introduced in the hydrogel structure. Because of its high-water solubility and limited interaction with the polymeric matrix, TCH has been delivered in the first hours. In the case of IBU, it shows a prolonged drug delivery which is limited by the gradual hydrolytic degradation of micro- and nanoparticles.","Farmakoen liberazio kontrolaturako erabiltzen diren gailu polimerikoak orain arte erabilitako sistema tradizionalen aurrean aurrerapauso garrantzitsua izan dira, izan ere, gailu hauen bidez, farmakoaren solubilitatea eta bioaktibitatea hobetzen da bere eragina denboran luzatuz eta albo kalteak gutxituz. Arlo honen barnean, izaera ezberdineko agente ezberdinen aldibereko liberazio kontrolatua oso interesgarria da optimizazio terapeutiko altuagoa lortzeko. Hori dela eta, ondorengo ikerketa lanean, kitosanoan (CS) oinarrituriko hidrogel injektagarrien erabilera aztertu da, agente hidrofiliko baten ( tetraziklina hidrokloruroa (TCH)) eta hidrofobo baten (ibuprofenoa (IBU)) liberazio dual eta aldiberekorako. TCH-a hidrogelaren hiru dimentsioko egituran zuzenean gehitu da. Aldiz, IBU mikro- eta nanometro tamainako poli(laktida-glikolidazko) (PLGA) partikuletan kapsularatu da ondoren hidrogelaren egiturara gehitzeko. TCH-a lehen orduetan askatu da, matrizearekin duen interakzio mugatu eta uretan duen solubilitatealtua dela eta. IBU-ri dagokionez, bere liberazioa denboran luzatuagoa da, mikro- eta nanopartikulen degradazio hidrolitikoak mugatzen baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27912,2012,"The purpose of this paper is based in a propositive approach preferentially oriented towards the use of Marxian categories and directed especially to its application in determined archaeological and historical contexts, that is, the development of productive forces in the framework of the production relationships of the called “allodial regime” in Catalonia, especially in the counties of Osona and Manresa (Central Catalonia) during the 9th-11th centuries. The aim is to raise some theoretical reflections centered on the concretion of social materiality as real and historically determined expression. For the present example, this is to link a material reality, such as ceramic productions and workshops of origin, with a documentary and abstract legal knowledge we have about a particular social formation based on the premise that it was this same material reality that set in its development that abstraction so far has been studied mainly in its documentary aspect.","Artikulu honen helburua batez ere planteamendu propositivo batean oinarritzen da, maila marxisten erabilpenean bideratuta eta bereziki testuinguru historiko eta arkeologiko zehaztuen ezarpenean zuzenduta. Hau da, Kataluñan erregimen alodiala delakoaren ekoizpen-erlazioen esparruan indar produktiboen garapena, eta bereziki, IX. eta XI. mendeetan zehar Osona-ko eta Manresa-ko konderrietan (Katalunia Zentrala). Horrela, adierazpen erreala eta historikoki zehaztuta bezalako materialtasun sozialaren zehazpenean arreta jartzen duten gogoeta teoriko batzuk proposatu nahi dira. Hautatu den adibiderako, helburua errealitate materiala (adibidez, ekoizpen zeramikoak eta bere jatorri-lantegiak), egitura sozial partikular batean daukagun ezaguera dokumental eta juridiko abstraktuarekin lotzea da. Horretarako, premisa hau jarraitzen da: errealitate materiala bera izan zela orain arte dokumentuetan ikasitako aipaturiko abstrakzioaren garapenena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24442,2017-09,"A structure that is subjected to an earthquake experiences horizontal forces that must be able to support and transmit. In this work of end of degree, the different alternatives that exist and that can be applied so that the structure is able to support these forces will be studied. Within these alternatives we have different structural typologies as well as many systems that can be combined to, in addition to avoiding the collapse of the structure, to minimize the damage that suffers during the earthquake. It is important to point out that the most important goal of this study is to minimize the risk of loss of human lives in addition to minimizing economic losses. The development of this comparative study will be done in a general way, with an emphasis on conceptual concepts, not including design specifications, demonstrations, analytical developments and numerical examples of calculation.","Lurrika bat sufritzen duen egitura indar horizontal batzuk esperimentatzen ditu eta haiek jasatzeko eta transmititzeko gai izan behar du. Gradu amaiera lan honetan dauden alternatiba desberdinak ikasiko dira eta egitura aipaturiko indarrak jasateko gai izan dadila eman daitezkeela. Alternatiba hauen barruan egiturazko tipologiak eta sistema ugariak daude, eta haiek combinatu ahal dira lurrikararik jasaten duen kaltea txikiagotzeko eta egituraren kolapsoa saihesteko. Lan honetako helburua gizatako eta ekonomiko arriskua txikiagotzeko da. Konparazio estudio honen garapena orokorrean egongo da, azpimarrazten kontzeptu alderdiak. Ez dira diseinu espezifikazioak, erakustaldiak, garapen analitikoak ezta zenbakizko kalkulo adibideak emango." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16353,2015-12-04,"The use of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers in the field of medicine has been a breakthrough. They are of great importance in the field of implants (screws, pins, plates, etc ...) and tissue engineering. Still, implants of these polymers have a distinct disadvantage compared to traditional metal materials: lack of radiopacity. In this research has examined the effect of adding a radiopaque charge in the in vitro degradation under the human body conditions (pH = 7.2 and 37), more particularly the 70% system degradation poly (L- lactide) (PLLA) and 30% barium sulfate (BaSO4). It is concluded that the analyzed radiopaque charge has not affected significantly to degradation of PLLA, therefore, the system is viable.","Polimero biobateragarri eta biodegradagarrien erabilera medikuntza arloan aurrerapauso handia suposatu du. Inplanteen arloan (torlojuak, iltzeak, plakak, eta abar…) eta ehun ingeniaritzan garrantzia handia dute. Hala ere, polimero hauen inplanteek desabantaila nabaria aurkezten dute ohiko material metalikoekin alderatuz: erradiopazitate eza. Ikerketa lan honetan karga erradiopako baten adizioak polimero biobateragarri eta biodegradagarri baten giza gorputzaren baldintzetan (pH=7,2 eta 37ºC) burututako in vitro degradazioan duen eragina aztertu da, %70 poli(L-laktida) (PLLA) eta %30 bario sulfato (BaSO4) sistemaren degradazioa, hain zuzen ere. Aztertutako karga erradiopakoak PLLAren degradazioan eragin handirik ez duela ondorioztatu da, beraz, sistema bideragarria dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62944,2023-07-04,"This research focuses on learning about the perception of civic insecurity felt by the female gender in Egia (Donostia-San Sebastián) and how to prevent it from an environmental criminology point of view. To do so, a mixed metodology has been implemented in which a survey was made to both the citicens of Egia and a focus group from that same place. Afterwards, the obtained results were analised in order to know the factors and reasons contributing to the perception of insecurity, the confrontation strategies used and the criminal typology and places that generate more insecurity in women. Finally, prevention proposals have been implemented considering the results obtained.","Donostiako Egia auzoan genero femeninoak sentitzen duen segurtasunik ezaren pertzepzioa ezagutzean eta ingurumen-kriminologiaren ikuspegitik nola prebenitu ezagutzean oinarritzen da ikerketa hau. Horri lortzeko, metodologia mistoa erabili da, eta Egiako herritarrei inkesta bat eta eremu horretako emakumeei eztabaida-talde bat egitea erabaki da. Horren ondoren, lortutako emaitzak aztertu dira, segurtasunik eza hautematen laguntzen duten faktoreak eta arrazoiak, erabilitako aurre egiteko estrategiak, delitu-tipologia eta emakumeengan segurtasunik eza handiena eragiten duten lekuak ezagutzeko. Azkenik, lortutako emaitzen arabera, prebentzio-proposamenak laburbiltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26146,1992,the autor classifies the social sectors because of drug influence on them and he suggests answers to their differents problems.,egileak sailketa bat ematen du gizarte mailagatik drogazko eraginen arauz eta eman behar den erantzunak arazo desberdinarentzat aztertzen du. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36832,2019-12-12,"The main objective of this project is the development of the idea of the realization of tattoos by automatic means, inspired bythe mechanisms that make the 3D printers work the way they do. For this purpose, a 3D model of a prototype was made via the software AUTOCAD Inventor. The different mechanisms that were used in the model were analysed with different methods (some with the FEM, finite element method, and others with more classic ones, with free solid equations) in order to optimize them. The point that was wanted to be achieved was reached in the development of the idea and some parts were left to be studied in further detail in the future. Though, at least some suggestions were stablished in order to guide the future steps, like some test, alternative uses for the machine.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, 3D inprimagailu baten funtzionamenduan oinarrituz, tatuajeak egiteko makina automatiko baten ideia garatzea da. Honako helburu hau asebetetzeko, AUTOCAD Inventor softwarea erabiliz makinaren modeloa egin da eta haren mekanismoren erabilgarritasuna aztertu da (elementu finituak zein solido askeen ekuazioak erabiliz), beraien hobekuntzak eta optimizazioak planteatuz. Nahiz eta proiektu honi dagokion irismena bete, hainbat diseinu proposatu dira etorkizunean gara daitezen, baita prototipo erreal bat egiteko aukera ere (entsegu proposamenak, makinaren erabilera alternatiboak eta hainbat atalen sakontasuneko ikasketa planteatuz)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24712,2017-12-30,"Corporate self-regulation is a phenomenon that has been widely disseminated in recent years. In this contribution we will focus on the analysis of two scholarly perspectives that have analyzed this issue: the theory of clubs and the theory of information asymmetries. The clubs provide valuable information about the activities of their members reducing information asymmetries. Successful clubs induce their members to voluntarily undertake actions for environmental improvement with greater commitment than they would do unilaterally, and very often motivate the adoption of environmental self-regulation tools as the international standard ISO 14001 for environmental management or the EMAS Regulation. This article aims to analyze the general and specific criticism that is made to these private self-regulation tools.","Ingurumen kudeaketa arloko borondatezko enpresa autorregulazioak (self-regulation) hedapen zabala izan du azken urteotan. Artikulu honetan kluben teoriari eta informazio asimetriaren ikuspegiari ematen zaio arreta. Klub horiek bere partaideen jardueren inguruko informazio baliotsua izateak informazio asimetriak murriztu ditzake. Klub arrakastatsuetako kide izateak, enpresak bere kasa egingo luketen baino ingurumen arloko hobekuntza neurri sendoagoak martxan jartzera bultzatzen ditu, eta kasu gehienetan ISO 14001 nazioarteko ingurumen-estandarra eta Europar Batasuneko EMAS Erregelamendua bezalako ingurumen arloko enpresa-autorregulaziorako edo soft-law-erako tresna nagusiak ezartzera eramaten dituzte. Artikulu honen helburua autorregulazio pribatuko tresna horiei egiten zaien kritika orokorra eta zehatza uztartzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14394,2015-02-11,"This project is about analysing the interference caused by the cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the electrocardiogram and the thoracic impedance signals. The aim is to relate these two interferences and develop, for that purpose, the appropriate tool. Determining this relation would help to find the way to weaken the impact of the interference, which would lead to improve the survival chances. A new database has been generated out of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest episodes following some established criteria. This new database contains 237 records of 37 different patients, with duration greater than 10 s and recorded during cardiopulmonary resuscitation from patients in asystole rhythm. Besides, a graphical interface tool has been developed in order to characterise the interference. The interface allows showing the electrocardiogram and thoracic impedance signals in time and frequency domains, and extracting the characteristic parameters. These parameters are the maximum and minimum values for each chest compression, their positions, fundamental frequency and harmonics, and the corresponding amplitude values. The tool has been applied to process the database. Finally, a second graphical interface has been developed to deal with the obtained results, where the statistic distributions and their linear relation are analysed. The main contribution of this project is, therefore, the development of a powerful tool to analyse the interference caused by the cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the electrocardiogram and in the thoracic impedance signals. Moreover, this tool would be capable of working with any other database containing this kind of signals.","Proiektu honetan bihotz-biriketako berpizte masajearen bular-sakadek elektrokardiograman eta bular-inpedantziaren seinaleetan eragindako interferentziaren azterketa egiten da. Helburu nagusia bi interferentzia hauen arteko erlazioa aztertzea da, horretarako tresna garatuz. Erlazio hau definitzeak interferentziaren eragina txikitzeko modua aurkitzen lagunduko luke, eta honek berpizteko aukerak handituko lituzke. Proiektua gauzatzeko ospitalez kanpoko geldialdien erregistro multzo batetik abiatuta datu-base propioa garatu da ezarritako irizpide batzuk jarraituz. Datu-base berri hau 37 pazienteren 237 mozketak osatzen dute, 10 segundotako luzera minimoarekin non pazienteek asistolia bitarteko kanpoko bular masajea jasotzen duten. Bestalde, interferentzia ezaugarritzeko interfaze grafiko bat garatu da, elektrokardiograma eta bular-inpedantziaren seinaleak denboran eta maiztasunean erakutsi eta hauen parametro esanguratsuak automatikoki zein eskuz ateratzeko aukera ematen duena. Parametroak seinaleen sakada bakoitzeko maximo eta minimoak, beraien kokapenak eta oinarrizko maiztasuna, bere harmonikoak eta hauen anplitudeak dira. Tresna hau erabiliz aipatutako datu-baseko episodioen prozesaketa egin da. Bukatzeko, lortutako emaitzak tratatzeko bigarren interfaze grafiko bat garatu da, non emaitzen banaketa estatistikoa eta hauen arteko erlazio lineala aztertzen diren. Proiektuaren ekarpen nagusia, beraz, bihotz-biriketako berpizte masajeak eragindako interferentzia aztertzeko tresna ahaltsuaren garapena da, jatorri desberdineko bestelako berpizte episodioak aztertzeko ere balio duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25467,1998,"The privative of liberty penalty stills being the more common punishment nowadays. After explaining the spanish penitentiary system, its specific problems are analyzed: the complaint procedure, the political control, the sanitary and medical attendance, the penitentiary work, the disciplinary and security measures. Likewise, the situation of special groups of prisoners are analyzed: maximum security, long duration, women, young people, drug addicts, foreigners, ethnic and religious groups.","Gaur egun askatasunaren aurkako zigorra da gehien erabiltzen dena. Espainiako espetxe sistema azaldu ondoren, arazo konkretuak azaltzen dira, horien artean kexu prozedura, kontrol politikoa, medikuntza asistentzia, espetxe lana, seguritate eta zigor neurriak. Horretaz gain arlo berezietan dauden presoen egoera aztertzen da, horien artean, seguritate goreneko presoak, zigor luzeak dituztenak, emakumeak, gazteak, drogazaleak, atzerritarrak, talde etnikoak eta erlijiosoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50160,2021-02-12,"Society has undergone great changes in recent decades, especially in the family sphere. Today, many different family models are found and students need to know and respect them, as all family models are stable and appropriate. Therefore, the innovative teaching material proposed in this work aims to sensitize students to family diversity, guaranteeing respect, equity and inclusion. For this, innovative activities have been created to work on family diversity, among which the digital escape room predominates. To measure the degree of satisfaction with the innovative material, a survey has been distributed among 88 students from 6 to 12 years old. Among the results obtained, it should be noted that with the innovative material created, students learn in a fun way, promoting meaningful and motivating learning.","Azkenengo hamarkadetan gizarteak aldaketa handiak izan ditu, batez ere familiaren esparruan. Gaur egun, familia eredu desberdin ugari aurkitzen dira eta ikasleak hauek ezagutzea eta errespetatzea beharrezkoa da; izan ere, familia eredu guztiak egokiak eta egonkorrak dira. Beraz, lan honetan proposaturiko material didaktiko berritzailearen helburua ikasleak familia aniztasunaz jabetzea da, errespetua, ekitatea eta inklusibitatea bermatuz. Horretarako, familia aniztasuna lantzeko jarduera berritzaileak sortu dira, hauen artean Escape Room digitala nagusitzen da. Material berritzailearekiko asebetasun maila neurtzeko, 6-12 urte bitarteko 88 ikasleen artean inkesta bat banatu egin da. Lortutako emaitzen artean aipatzekoa da sortutako material berritzailearekin ikasleak modu dibertigarri batean ikasten dutela da, ikaskuntza esanguratsua eta motibagarria sustatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55048,2022-01-18,"The main purpose of this work is to study emotions in youth literature, specifically in Juan Kruz Igerabide's Hamabi galdera pianoari (1999) book. For this purpose a theoretical framework about emotion, emotional education, expression of emotions in curriculum and literature, and finally, for the dialogical literature of tertulia has been realized. The emotions of the novel mentioned have been discussed following the classification of the emotions from the pedagogical point of view proposed by Rafael Bisquerra (2009). Finally, a proposal is made for dialogical tertulia aimed at students in the second cycle of primary school.","Lan honen helburu nagusia emozioak gazte literaturan aztertzea da, hain zuzen ere Juan Kruz Igerabide-ren Hamabi galdera pianoari (1999) liburuan. Horretarako, lehenengo, emozioei, hezkuntza emozionalari, curriculumean eta literaturan emozioen adierazpenari eta azkenik, tertulia-literario dialogikoari buruzko marko teorikoa gauzatu da. Ondoren, aipatutako nobelaren emozioak aztertu dira Rafael Bisquerra-k (2009) proposatutako ikuspuntu pedagogikoa duen emozioen sailkapena jarraituz. Bukatzeko, lehen hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko ikasleei zuzenduta dagoen tertulia dialogikoaren proposamena egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19584,2016-11-23,"In this Final Dissertation, the conversion of the odour control chemical scrubber located at the wastewater treatment plant of Orduña into a fixed bed biofilter is proposed. The reutilization of the scrubber tank as the structural unit for the biofilter is proposed based on the bibliographic review of the main odour sources and the state of the art technology. At the same time, the internal structure is designed in order to support the total weight of the packing material without drilling through the tank walls. The packing material is divided in three levels, and each of them contains the microorganisms responsible for the pollutants’ degradation. After a compulsory acclimation period, the proposed alternative will be able to treat a gas stream of 24,000 m3/h polluted with organic volatile compounds (VOCs) with an equal or superior performance when compared with the original chemical scrubber.","Hemen aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Orduñako hondakin-uren araztegian usainen tratamendurako erabiltzen den gas-garbigailua ohantze organikoa duen bioiragazki batean bihurtzea proposatzen da. Kiratsen sorkuntzaren eta hauek tratatzeko gaur egun aurkitu daitezkeen teknologien inguruko literatura aztertu ostean, gas-garbitzailearen tanga bioiragazkiaren egitura-unitate bezala erabiltzea erabakitzen da. Aldi berean, bioiragazkiaren ohantzearen pisua sostengatuko duen barne egitura diseinatzen da. Diseinuan tangaren hormak bere horretan uztea (zulatu barik) proposatzen da. Sistema berriaren diseinuak hiru pisutan banatzen du ohantzea. Horietariko bakoitzean garaturiko mikroorganismoek kutsatzaileak konposatu ezkaltegarrietara degradatuko dituzte. Mikroorganismoen aklimatazio prozesua bukatu ostean, aurkezturiko proposamenak konposatu organiko lurrunkorrekin (KOL) kutsatuta dagoen 24.000 m3/h-ko gas korrontea tratatzeko gai izango da, gaur egun martxan dagoen gas-garbigailu kimikoaren eraginkortasuna berdinduz edo hobetuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27292,1997,"Once explained the different models of socio-cultural integration, the analysis of race phenomenon is displayed and centred on several term’s definition. At last, it is here showed the work accomplished for international and european legislation about human rights to overcome this problem.",": Integrazio soziokultural mota desberdinen berri eman ondoren, arrazakeriaren fenomenoaren azterketa egiten da, hitzak dituen definizio desberdinak azpimarratuz. Azkenik, Nazioarteko eta Europako Arautegian giza eskubideen inguruan arazo hori gainditzeko egin den lana azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57108,2022-08-02,"In the context of climate change, the building sector plays a very important role due to its energy consumption. The reduction of energy demand and passive solutions are increasingly necessary, in order to mitigate or try to stop global warming. Due to this, the knowledge of the variables that affect the energy demand of buildings is necessary. The objective of this study is to identify and analyze the effect of the different construction factors of buildings on the heating energy demand in residential buildings, using as an example the case study of various types of buildings located in the Otxarkoaga neighborhood (Bilbao). For this, after a literature review of studies previously carried out in similar fields, 8 construction parameters of buildings have been selected, through which the heating energy demand in buildings has been analyzed using the Design Builder software. The results show that air infiltrations play a very important role in the energy demand of buildings, followed by the thermal transmittance of the walls, the thermal transmittance of the windows and the percentage of the glazed area of the facade.","Klima aldaketaren testuinguruan, eraikuntza sektoreak zeregin oso garrantzitsua betetzen du bere energía kontsumo esanguratsua dela eta. Hauen energia eskaria murriztea eta soluzio pasiboak gero eta beharrezkoagoak dira, clima aldaketa murrizteko edo geldiarazteko. Hori dela eta, beharrezkoa da eraikinen energia eskarian eragiten duten aldagaiak ezagutzea. Ikerketa honen helburua eraikinen eraikuntza faktore ezberdinek etxebizitza eraikinetako berogailu energia eskarian duten eragina identifikatzea eta aztertzea da, Otxarkoaga auzoan (Bilbo) kokatutako hainbat eraikin mota adibide gisa hartuta. Horretarako, aldez aurretik antzeko esparruetan egindako ikerketen literatura berrikuspenaren ostean, eraikinen 8 eraikuntza parametro aukeratu dira, eta horien bidez eraikinetako berogailuaren energía eskaria aztertu da Design Builder softwarea erabiliz. Emaitzek aire infiltrazioek eraikinen energia eskarian garrantzi handia dutela erakusten dute, pareten transmitantzia termikoa, leihoen transmitantzia termikoa eta fatxadako azaleraren leihoen ehunekoa jarraitzen diotelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14737,2015-03-12,"This project presents a methodology for estimating rain lengths over slant paths derived from elevation scans obtained from meteorological radar, in Álava. Estimation of height and length of rain is discussed for observed events. Case studies for stratiform and convective rain distributions are analyzed. The spatial and temporal variability with different elevation angles are also analyzed. Finally, a version of the implemented algorithm is presented in order to use it in generating time series rain lengths that is used to do a statistical study of the rain effective lengths variability for different paths.","Proiektu honen helburua Alaban dagoen radar meteorologiko batek egindako igotze azterketekin jasotako datuekin euriaren luzera eraginkorraren azterketa egitea da. Euriaren altuera eta luzera aztertuko ditugu, denboraren eta leku desberdinen zehar radarraren angelu desberdinetarako eta bi euri motarako: euri konbektiba eta euri estratiformea. Amaieran, euriaren luzera eraginkorraren kalkulua egiteko algoritmo berri bat lortuko dugu eta norabide desberdinetarako azterketa estatistikoa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37147,2019-12-20,"Abstract: This Project is based on the topological optimisation study of the contours used for structural design. The procedure involves the search of a topology that maintains the mechanical properties of the structure under the effects of loads and pre-established constraints, starting from an initial domain and diminishing the volume of the material used. This Project is divided into several parts. It begins with the theoretical analysis and interpretation of the topological optimisation results via Matlab code. The objective of this analysis is to obtain the contours resulting from the density difference; that is to say, the contours that separate the white areas (density value 0) from the black zones (density value 1). The domain is divided into finite elements, the density value of which is arranged into a matrix. Consequently, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is used. At the end of the process, a CAD file containing the contours obtained from the density matrix will be created and 3D printing methods will be used so as to generate the physical representation of the structure.","Laburpena: Proiektu hau egituren diseinuan erabilitako optimizazio topologikoaren ingeraden azterketan oinarritzen da. Jarraituko den prozedura aurrez ezarritako karga eta murrizketa batzuen pean, hasierako egoeratik abiatuz nahi den bolumen murrizketa lortzean geratzen den egituraren topologia bilatzean datza, beti ere osagaien propietate mekanikoak mantenduz. Lana zati desberdinetan banatu daiteke, hasteko optimizazio topologikoaren analisi teorikoa eta emaitzen azterketa egingo da, Matlab kode baten bitartez. Emaitza hauen analisia egitean proiektuaren helburua dentsitate aldaketako guneen arteko, hau da, zonalde zuri (dentsitatea 0 dena) eta beltzak (dentsitatea 1 dena) banatzen dituen, ingeradak lortzea da. Horretarako Elementu Finituen Metodoa (EFM) oinarritzat hartuko da, proiektuaren aldagai nagusia lortutako eremua banatzen duen elementu finitu bakoitzaren dentsitatea daukan matrizea izango da eta. Bukatzeko, dentsitate matrize honetatik lortutako ingeradekin CAD artxibo bat sortu eta 3 dimentsiotan inprimatuko da proiektuaren egitura." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22918,2017-07,"The aim of the current Bachelor Thesis is to study the evolution of contamination by nutrients and metals in an urban basin and to determine the efficacy of the WWTP treatments. This project is divided in two parts. Firstly, a bibliographical search of the main characteristics of the urban basins, both their sources of pollution and the produced impact. Secondly, an experimental analysis of different parameters in order to draw conclusions based on the results obtained. The main purpose of this project is to evaluate the effect of the contribution of urban wastewater effluents on the quality of surface waters in the Deba river catchment.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, hiri-arro batean mantenugai eta metalen araberako kutsaduraren eboluzioaren azterketa eta hondakin-uren araztegien tratamenduen eraginkortasuna zehaztea du helburu nagusi. Lan hau bi zatitan banatuta dago; lehenik eta behin, hiri-arroen ezaugarri nagusiei buruzko bilaketa bibliografikoa, bai kutsadura iturriak bai sortutako eraginak. Bigarrenik, parametro ezberdinen azterketa esperimentala burutuko da, lortutako emaitzen bitartez azken ondorioak prestatzeko asmoz. GRAL honen helburua nagusia, Deba ibaiaren arroko hiri-hondakin uren efluenteen ekarpenak gainazal-uren kalitatean duen eragina ikertzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73378,2025-05-07,"Autism Spectrum Disorder comprises 3 groups of symptoms: alterations in the characteristics of communication and language, alterations in interactions and relationships with other people, and alterations in their behaviors, interests and activities. In the face of these difficulties, literature is an ideal way to improve the social and emotional development of these children, precisely through stories. Therefore, the aim of this work has been to adapt a story for children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Early Childhood Education. This story has been adapted by means of pictograms and additional activities have been designed to work on it. This work has been carried out in two classrooms of 4 and 5 years old classrooms in a school in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The results obtained through the evaluation sheets indicate that the children, as they have been trained in Basque, have shown interest in the activities proposed, collaboration has been encouraged and they have assumed and respected the different rhythms and abilities among them. However, differences have been observed among children with ASD, with very different participation and interest in the intervention. Therefore, it can be concluded that it is important to work with children during the first hours of the day, that there is great diversity among children with autism, that routines are essential for children with this disorder and that it is very difficult to achieve real inclusion. Finally, proposals for the future are presented.","Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmenduak 3 sintoma multzo biltzen ditu: komunikazioaren eta hizkuntzaren ezaugarrietako alterazioak, beste pertsona batzuekiko elkarreraginetako eta harremanetako alterazioak, eta haien portaeretako, interesetako eta jardueretako alterazioak. Zailtasun hauen aurrean literatura baliabide egokia da ume hauen garapen soziala eta emozionala hobetzeko, hain zuzen ere, ipuinen bidez. Hau dela eta, lan honen helburua Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua (AEN) duten Haur Hezkuntzako haurrentzako ipuin bat egokitzea izan da. Ipuin hau piktogramen bidez egokitu da eta jarduera gehigarriak diseinatu dira ipuinaren lanketa egiteko. Lan hau Gasteizko eskola bateko 4 eta 5 urteko bi geletan aurrera eraman da. Ebaluazio orrien bidez lortutako emaitzek adierazten dute haurrek, euskaraz trebatu diren heinean, planteatutako jarduerekiko interesa erakutsi dutela, lankidetza sustatu dela eta haien arteko erritmo eta gaitasun desberdinak onartu eta errespetatu dituztela. Hala ere, desberdintasunak behatu dira AEN duten haurren artean, esku-hartzearekiko parte-hartzea eta interesa oso desberdinak izanik. Beraz, ondoriozta daiteke garrantzitsua dela haurrekin eguneko lehenengo orduetan lan egitea, autismoa duten haurren artean aniztasun handia dagoela, nahasmendu hau duten haurrentzat ezinbestekoak direla errutinak eta oso zaila dela benetako inklusioa lortzea. Bukatzeko, etorkizunari begira proposamenak aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29392,2018-10-30,"Inglés The objective of the present final degree work is to control the robotic arm Braccio from the informatic program Matlab. The Braccio robotic arm from Tinkerkit has 5 degrees of freedom plus a gripper, with a total of 6 servos (small motors). In order to reach the objective a connection between Matlab and the servos of the robotic arm has been developed, so that it is possible to control the servos via a Grapchic User Interface (GUI). For the creation of this GUI and its subjacent programs, the lengths of the arm’s parts and the limits at which the servos can turn will be needed. The GUI will have three functions: control by forward kinematics, control by inverse kinematics and workspace.","Euskera Hurrengo gradu amaierako lanaren helburua Braccio beso robotikoa kontrolatzea da Matlab programa informatikoarekin. Tinkerkit-en Braccio beso robotikoak 5 askatasun gradu eta pintza bat dauzka, beraz hauek mugitzeko 6 servo (motore txikiak) beharko dira. Lan honen helburua gauzatzeko Matlab eta servoen arteko konexio bat egin beharko da, eta hauek Matlaben programatu beharko den interfaz grafiko batetik kontrolatu ahalko dira. Interfaz grafiko hau eta honek behar dituen programak egiteko, Braccio beso robotikoaren atalen luzeerak eta servoen biratzeko limiteak beharko dira. Interfazak hurrengo hiru funtzioak edukiko ditu: zinematika zuzenaren araberako kontrola, alderantzizko zinematikaren araberako kontrola eta lan eremua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69491,2024-09-18,"This paper addresses the role of the European Central Bank (ECB) within the European Union (EU) as a key institution in the formulation and conduct of monetary policy in the euro area. The analysis focuses on how the organisational and functional structure of the ECB and the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) poses challenges to ensuring its democratic legitimacy within the framework of the prevailing constitutional democracy model in the EU. Particular reference will be made to its statutory independence in pursuit of its primary objective of price stability. However, this independence raises questions regarding the transparency of its actions and the existing mechanisms of democratic control. This will be followed by an analysis of a ruling of the German Federal Constitutional Court (FCC) that addresses the question of democratic legitimacy within the ECB, providing a legal and jurisprudential perspective to the study. Finally, a reflection will be made on the democratic legitimacy of the ECB, considering its important role in the European context.","Lan honetan Europako Banku Zentralak (EBB) Europar Batasunean (EB) duen zeregina aztertzen da, eurogunean moneta-politika formulatzeko eta gauzatzeko funtsezko instituzio gisa. EBZaren eta Banku Zentralen Europako Sistemaren (BZES) antolamendu- eta funtzioegiturak EBn nagusi den Demokrazia konstituzionalaren ereduaren esparruan legitimitate demokratikoa bermatzeko erronkak nola planteatzen dituen aztertzen du. Bereziki aipatuko da horren independentzia, legeek emana, helburu nagusiaren bila: prezioen egonkortasuna. Hala ere, independentzia horrek zalantzak sortzen ditu bere jardueraren gardentasunari eta kontrol demokratikorako dauden mekanismoei dagokienez. Ondoren, Alemaniako Konstituzio Auzitegi Federalaren (TFC) epai bat aztertuko da, EBZaren barruko legitimitate demokratikoaren auziari buruzkoa, azterlanari lege- eta jurisprudentzia-ikuspegia emanez. Azkenik, EBZaren zilegitasun demokratikoari buruzko hausnarketa egingo da, Europan duen garrantzia kontuan hartuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25786,2018-03-20,"“This study is about the possibility of changing the Stern tube aft seal on a LNG Carrier, to do so it highlights the importance of the stern tube lubricating system on board. In this study, the functioning of both systems will be analysed, the system on board as well as the new system also mentioning more alternatives. In addition, an evaluation of both systems attending the maintenance routines and periods, the costs and the efficiency of the new system in case of failure in the actual one. Finally, KEMEL air seal type AX system is proposed, detailing the location and the needs for introducing this new system on board.”","“Lan honetan, GNL ontzi baten bozinako iragaiztasun-sistema aldaketa aztertzen da. Horretarako bozinaren labainketa-sistemaren garrantzia mahaigaineratzen da. Azterketan zehar, bai gaur egun itsasontzian erabiltzen den instalakuntza eta baita instalatu nahi dena ere aztertuko dira, beste hainbat alternatiba posible ere aipatuko direlarik. Bi sistemen mantenimendu programak eta tarteak, mantenimendu kostuak eta sistemen eraginkortasuna aztertuko dira. Aldi berean sistemek hutsegite baten aurrean sor litzazkeen arazoak kontuan hartuko dira. Azkenik, sistema berriaren instalakuntza proposatzen da, AX Kemel motako aire iragaiztasun-sistema batekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17630,2016-03-16,"This interventional work, built from a socio-critical perspective, presents a socioeducational intervention developed on the city of Aracajú, Brasil. The mentioned intervention, in, with and for a group of people with scarce economic resources, especially women, is based on cooperation to development which seems as a tool to generate experiences that can face the disastrous consequences of the economic, cultural, politic and social models that exist at present. Among the impacts of this grade work we can summarize: the foundation of a neighbour association, the creation of a profile of this association on Facebook and the startup of community actions of resistance and sustainability as a solidary bingo club, women empowering workshops and a solidary bazaar.The results of this research confirm the urgency of strategy development, measures and actions that can promote the change of a welfare model to an autonomous model.","Lan honek Brasileko Aracajiuan herrian ikuspegi soziokritiko batetik bideratuta dagoen gizarte ikerketa bat aurkezten du, non bere helburua hezkuntzan eskuhartzea den. Parte hartzea hau baliabide murritzeko pertsonekin, kasu askotan emakumeak, eta eurentzat bideratua dago. horrez gain, Kooperazioan eta garapen internazionalean oinarritutako ikerketa dugu honakoa, egungo eredu ekonomiko, kultural, sozial eta politikoek utzitako ondorioei aurre egiteko helburuarekin Gradu amaierako lan honen lorpenen artean honakoak aipa ditzakegu; auzo elkarte baten sorrera, elkarte horren Facebook-eko orrialdearen eratzea eta erresistentzia eta jasangarritasun gizarte ekintzen abiaraztea, hala nola, elkartasun bingoa, emakumearen ahalduntze tailerrak eta elkartasun bazarra.Lan honen emaitzek argi uzten dute estrategia, eredu eta ekintza berrien beharra dagoela; eta, hortaz,asistentziazko eredu batetik autonomia eredu batera igaro behar dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28344,2014,"Social inequalities in the prehispanic societies of southwest Colombia during the early period (500 BC – 1000 AD) can be seen in funerary mounds containing sculptures, and tombs including costly grave goods. These differences have been attributed to leadership based on ritual authority and inter-elite alliance, rather than economic or coercive power. Although such a model assumes a low status for women, scholars have emphasized the high status of women. By using recent information from the Upper Cauca river valley, this paper evaluates previous conceptions of the lack of coercive power of leaders to mobilize labor for communal and personal projects as well as the relative status of women through observing the presence or absence of female infanticide.","Kolonbiako hego mendebaldeko gizarte aurrehispaniko goiztiarren desberditansun sozialak (K.a. 500 - K.o. 1000) hileta mendixken eraikitzearekin materializatu egin ziren, non hilobi gutxi batzuek hatu bezala urrezko naturaz gaindiko izakien eskulturak edo objektu exotikoen presentzia zuten. Desberdintasun hauek interpretatu egin dira erritualezko autoritatearen buruzagitzaren eta eliteen arteko aliantzen araberakoak, baina behartzeko eta botere ekonomiko gutxirekin. Paraleloki, azpimarratu egin da emakumeen goi maila erlatiboa, nahiz eta interpretazio hori eliteen arteko aliantzen ereduaren kontra joan. Cauca ibaiaren goi bailaran berriki topatutako toki goiztiarren informazioan oinarrituta, proiektu komunalak eta pertsonalak egiteko eskulan mobilizazioaren buruzagien behartze kapazitatea ebaluatuko dut, baita emakumeen maila, “gizonezko gailentasunaren” ereduaren itxaropen bat ebaluatuz: emakumezkoen haur-hilketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19700,2016-12-01,"The purpose of this project is to validate experimentally some models that characterize the behavior of a mechanism formed by a belt, a plate, and several mass on top of the plate. This project comes as a response to an increasing problem of accuracy. The given data or the friction could be the reason of this lack of accuracy.","Proiektu honen helburua eragingailu baten jarrera erakusten duen eredu ezberdinak esperimentalki balioztatzea da. Eragingailua uhal, plaka eta bere gainean ipiniko ditugun masa batzuegaz osatuta dago. Proiektu hau zehaztasun falta bat orekatzeko erabiliko da. Zehaztasuna fabrikatzailearen edo frikzio galeren ondorioz izan daiteke. Horretarako, zenbait parametro dinamiko kalkulatu behar ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24314,2014,"The following article shows how is regulate the criminal liability of legal persons in Belgium, its characteristics, the offenses for which a legal person can respond and their penalties, among other important subjects also, the problems caused by its application.","Ondorengo lanean pertsona juridikoen erantzukizun penalaren Belgikako erregulazioaren azalpena agertzen zaigu; ezaugarriak, pertsona juridikoek burutu ahal ditzaketen delituak, dagozkien zigorrak, eta aplikazio praktikoak sorturiko arazoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16456,2015-12-15,"The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the existing mechanism against the torture as well as the reality of this type of crime from a criminological perspective. It is divide in three parts: on the one hand, the fundamental issues about the torture. The history, the concept and the legal context are analyze on this part, with the objective of establish a general idea of this crime. On the other hand, an analysis of the torture from the criminological theories is done with the purpose of determine why this happened and the prevention methods that exist for it. Finally, an analysis of the reality of torture is develop, explaining the work “Torture Investigation Project (1960-2013)”. By this work, it is also analyzed the role of the criminologist on the investigations of human rights violations.","Lan honen helburua, gizartean torturari aurre egiteko dauden mekanismoak eta delitu honen errealitatea ikuspegi kriminologikotik aztertzea da. Hiru zatitan banatu da: alde batetik, torturaren oinarrizko ingurumariak. Bertan torturaren historia, kontzeptua eta lege-teistuingurua aztertzen dira delitu honi buruzko ideia orokorra sortzeko. Beste alde batetik, kriminologiaren teorien bidez torturaren delitua azaltzen da, honen zergatia eta prebentzio metodoak ezartzeko helburuarekin. Azkenik, torturaren errealitatearen azterketa burutu da, “Tortura Ikerketa Proiektua (1960-2013)” lana azalduz. Proiektu horretan oinarrituta, kriminologoak giza eskubide bortxaketen ikerketetan ere burutzen duten funtzioa aztertu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25140,2003,"The criminological problem of young immigrants can be analyzed only as a result of a social, cultural, political and economic context that tends to place this group out of the community and out of its established forms of social participation. The establishment of subcultures marginalized in the receiving countries, the violent confrontations and other problems shared with a part of the European youth, causes the appearance of criminal races or deviant styles of life that, based on the characteristics of each country, derive in problems of a very diverse nature, as it is shown in this contribution, that analyzes the situation of young immigrants in Western Europe countries.","Inmigrante gazteen kriminologia gatazka kontextu sozial, kultural, politiko eta ekonomiko batetatik aztertu daiteke. Inmigrate gazteen taldeak komunitatetik kanpo geratzen dira, eta horrek azaroa sortzen du. Subkultura marjinalak sortzen dira eta gatazka biolentoak eta beste motatako arazo asko sortzen dira. Horren ondorioz karrera deliktiboak sortzen dira edo eta bizitza eramateko modu desbideratuak azaltzen dira, guzti horrek estatu ezberdinetan gainera ondorio ezberdinak ekartzen ditu. Artikulu honetan Europako mendebaldean dauden inmigrante gazteen egoeraz hitzegiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36539,2019-11-27,"Abstract: wire bearings are a type of slewing bearings that are mainly characterized by using wires as raceway. Consequently, their behavior is completely different from slewing bearings. Recently, in a study carried out by the ADM investigation group of Bilbao´s Mechanical Engineering Department, both types of bearing were compared via Finite Elements models. In this Final Degree Work, the influence of ball preload in static structural behavior of wire bearings under axial load is studied using the same Finite Element model. During the set up, rolling elements with bigger dimensions than nominal value are inserted, which generate forces in the contacts known as preload. To study this phenomenon, stiffness, load static capacity, contact forces, wire twist, and truncation of the contact ellipse will be analyzed changing two parameter values: preload and contact conformity.","Laburpena: alanbrezko errodamenduak iraulketa errodamenduen mota bat da, alanbreak errodadura pista bezala erabiltzeagatik karakterizatzen dira. Ondorioz, errodamendu konbentzionalekiko portaera ezberdina daukate. Berriki, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Mekanika departamentuko ADM ikerkuntza taldeak burututako ikerketa batean, bi errodamendu motak parekatu zituzten Elementu Finitoen modeloen bidez. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, bolaren aurrekargako eragina alanbrezko errodamenduen portaera estatiko estrukturalean ikasten da karga axialpean, Elementu Finitoko modelo berdina erabiltzen. Muntaia egiten den bitartean, balore nominalak baino dimentsio handiagoko elementu ibilgailuak sartzen dira, aurrekarga deitutako kontaktuetan indarrak sortzen dira. Fenomeno hau aztertzeko, zurruntasuna, karga estatikako ahalmena, indarrak ukipenean, alanbreren bila eta ukipeneko elipsearen trunkamendua analizatuko dira bi parametro aldatuz: aurrekarga eta ukipenaren Konformitatea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31922,2019-03-07,"This final project will focus on the importance of inclusion in Physical Education classes based on observations made in an elementary school in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The results of questionnaires given to current students in addition to real-time observations are used to formulate a plan “Arin arin inklusioari ekin”. The proposal is designed to work with students of the 2nd cycle of Primary Education in which different activities were designed both games currently played by students and others adapted for children with handicaps. With the implementation of these activities, students will feel and understand what the Special Educational Needs (SEN) are. The study will experiment with different limits and understand and evaluate the importance of the SEN, measuring empathy and respect. This proposal’s objective will promote inclusion through emotional understanding and empathy in students. Key Words: Inclusion, Physical Education, emotions, awareness, Primary Education","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Gorputz Hezkuntza ikasgaiaren bidez inklusioa ulertzeko eta lantzeko proposamen didaktiko bat diseinatu da, Gasteizko eskola baten errealitatean oinarrituta dagoena. Lanean, eskolan bertan egindako behaketa eta ikasleei egindako galdeketen emaitzak oinarritzat hartuz, “Arin arin Inklusioari ekin” sentsibilizazio proposamen didaktikoa aurkeztuko da. Proposamena Lehen Hezkuntzako 2.zikloko ikasleentzat diseinatuta dago eta jarduera ezberdinak barne biltzen ditu, hala nola, gaur egungo jolasak eta desgaitasuna duten pertsonentzako egokitutako kirola. Jarduera ezberdinen praktikaren bidez, ikasleek Hezkuntza Premia Bereziak (HPB) zer diren sentitu eta ulertuko dute. Horretarako, ekintza bakoitzean muga ezberdinak jarriko dira eta hauek aztertuz, sentituz eta bizi izanez ikasleek laguntzaren, errespetuaren eta enpatiaren garrantziaz ohartuko dira. Horrela, Gorputz Hezkuntzak sustatzen dituen baliabideak erabiliz, lan honek emozioen bidez inklusioa lantzea du helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67748,2024-05-08,"The objective of this research work is to establish a relationship between football literature and education, analysing the pedagogical value of football literature. For this purpose, based on the novel Egun gorriak (2019) by Esti Vivanco, a didactic proposal has been developed for the 4th year of Primary Education, previously carrying out a narratological analysis following the model of Gérard Genette (1989), and analysing the emotions and values displayed in it based on the classification models of Rafael Bisquerra (2009) and Ricardo Marín Ibáñez (1990), in order to guarantee the appropriateness of the messages and learning that it transmits. Hence, it has been concluded that football literature can be a potential tool for education, since being a subject close to the reality of the pupils, it not only awakens their motivation and interest, but it provides the opportunity to develop communicative competence and to work on emotions and values.","Ikerketa lan honen helburua futbol-literaturaren eta hezkuntzaren arteko erlazioa ezartzea da, futbol-literaturak duen balio pedagogikoa aztertuz. Horretarako, Esti Vivancoren Egun gorriak (2019) eleberritik abiatuz, Lehen Hezkuntzako 4.mailarako proposamen didaktikoa garatu da, aurretik Gérard Genetten (1989) eredua jarraikiz azterketa narratologikoa gauzatuz, eta Rafael Bisquerra (2009) eta Ricardo Marín Ibáñezen (1990) sailkapen ereduetan oinarrituta bertan ageri diren emozioak eta balioak aztertuz, transmititzen dituen mezuak eta ikaskuntzak egokiak direla bermatzeko. Horrela, futbol-literatura hezkuntzarako tresna potentziala izan daitekeela ondorioztatu da, ikasleen errealitatetik hurbil dagoen gaia izanik, haien motibazioa eta interesa piztu ez ezik, futbola hitz bihurtzen denean, komunikazio gaitasuna garatzeko eta emozioak zein balioak lantzeko aukera eskaintzen baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29471,2018-10-31,"The purpose of this document is to detail the design and implementation of a low cost platform based on Matlab and Raspberry Pi so that future students can develop control algorithms on different systems. The platform must be capable of capturing the signals coming from the MS150 Feedback system, processing them and executing the control program, generating a control signal that excites the actuator of the system and maintains the system in the desired operating conditions.","Hurrengo txostenaren helburua, Matlab eta Raspebry Pi bidez, kostu baxuko plataforma baten diseinu eta ezarpena da. Honen bidez, etortzeko dauden ikasleek algoritmo desberdin bidez, sistema anitz kontrola ahal izango ditutzte. Plataforma honek Feedback MS150 sistemako seinaleak jaso eta prozesatzeko gaitasuna izan behar du, honen bidez eragilea exzitatu eta gure sistema fisikoa operazio kondizio egokietan mantentzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25096,2005,"This contribution analyzes the basic features of globalisation and their relationship to the drugs issue; the emergence of harm and risk reduction policies is also considered. Illegal traffic of drugs can be seen as an element in the consolidation of the world balance of forces. A “positive culture of drugs” is formulated against prohibitionism, trying to minimize the most negative aspects through a normalization process and assuring at the same time the participation of citizens able to guarantee a transparent and democratic management of the issue.","Globalizazioaren oinarrizko ezaugarriak drogen gaiarekin duten erlazioa aztertzen da. Beste alde batetik arrisku eta kalteen murrizketa politikak aztertzen ditu. Drogen legez kanpoko trafikoa mundu mailako indarren desoreka finkatzen duen botere elementutzat bezala har genezake. Prohibizionismoaren aurrean kontrajartzen den “drogen kultura positiboa” behar dugu aspektu negatiboak minimizatzeko, normalizazioaren ikuspegi batetik, kudeaketa demokratiko gardena bermatzen duen hiritarron partaidetza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37096,2019-12-19,"Climate instalation for a building of 63 Official Protection Homes, built in height. The installation consists of a mechanical ventilation system with control by CO2 (depending on the occupancy of each of the houses), central power production system for heating and Hot Water, with preheating of the Hot Water by solar thermal panel, with counters for the cost-sharing of each of the users.","Babes Ofizialeko 63 Etxebizitzako klimatizazioko instalazioa, altueran eraikia. Instalazioa aireztapen mekanikoko sistema bat da, CO2 zundaren kontrolarekin (etxebizitza bakoitzaren okupazioaren arabera), berogailu eta Ur Beroa energia ekoizteko sistema zentrala, Ur Beroa berotzea eguzki kolektore termikoen bidez, erabiltzaile bakoitzaren kostuak banatzeko kontagailuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16102,2015-11-16,"This paper analyses the formation and perfection of the electronic contracts between consumers and traders. For that purpose, we will focus on the spanish regulation on electronic commerce, but also special attention is paid to the European Union Law as well as to the international legal framework. Mainly, it exposes the phases that precede the contract formation, the perfection of the contract and the achnowledgment or receipt. Finally, the right of withdrawal is particularly mentioned.","Lan honetan merkataritza elektronikoaren eremuan enpresari enpresari eta kontsumitzaileen artean burutzen diren kontratuen eraketa eta perfekzionamendua aztertuko ditugu. Horretarako, espainiar zuzenbidea Batasuneko araudiri zein nazioarteko arauei. Kontratuaren pefekzionamendura iritsi arteko faseak, perfekzionamendua bera eta onarpena jaso izanaren adierazpena aztertuko ditugu nagusiki. Horrez gain, atzera egiteko eskubidean aipamen berezia ere egingo zaio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72738,2025-02-13,"In this Bachelor’s Thesis (BTh), a study on the self-sustainability of a semi-detached house located in Betren, in the Catalan Pyrenees, has been carried out. After analysing the meteorological data of the area, the current consumption of the house, and the possible alternative options to the current technologies, the installation of a biomass boiler to run with pellets is proposed. This option has been considered the most economical and technologically efficient. In the event of an increase of the facility consumption, aerothermal energy would also be a profitable option. Regarding the self-sustainability of electricity, the installation of photovoltaic solar panels has not been considered profitable due to the low consumption; however, if a change in consumption occurs, it could become profitable, especially if used during the summer months.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan Betrenen, Kataluniako Pirinioetan, kokatutako etxe atxiki baten autojasangarritasun-ikasketa burutu da. Guneko balore meteorologikoak, egungo kontsumoa eta teknologia posible guztiak aztertu ostean biomasa-galdara baten instalazioa proposatzen da, pelletekin elikatutakoa. Aukera hori teknologikoki eta ekonomikoki aproposena kontsideratu da. Instalazioko kontsumoari dagokionez igoera gertatzekotan, aerotermia ere errentagarria izan litekeela ikusi da. Elektrizitate-autojasangarritasunari dagokionez, eguzki-energia fotovoltaikoaren instalazioa egungo kontsumo txikia dela eta ez da errentagarria kontsideratu; nolanahi ere, etxearen kontsumoan aldaketa ematekotan aukera aproposa izan litekeela ondorioztatu da, batez ere udako hilabeteetan erabiliz gero." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29479,2018-10-31,"In the Project “Civil Work for Wave Pool, with its Instalations and Services, in Getxo, Bizkaia” a site will be adapted to the creation of an entertainment area, in which a pool with artificial waves will be installed. To guarantee the users comfort, different instalations will be built, apart from a parking area.","“Olatuen Igerileku baten Obra Zibila, bere Instalzioak eta Zerbitzuekin, Getxon, Bizkaia” proiektuan lursail bat egokituko da aisialdirako gunea sortzeko, non olatu artifizialen igerileku bat instalatuko den. Erabiltzaileen erosotasuna bermatzeko, instalakuntza ezberdinak eraikiko dira, eta baita aparkaleku bat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25848,2018-03-21,"The purpose of the Final Project presented below is to communicate socio-affective learning strategies when learning a language. To this end, the following stages have been completed. First, to see if students in the third cycle of Primary School make use of learning strategies when learning languages. Second, to be aware of which are used and make a comparison. And, finally, to create a material to teach and promote the use of socio-affective strategies. In order to do the study, 63 students have responded to a questionnaire. Based on the results, and considering the benefits of knowing how to manage the socio-affective dimension when it comes to learning a language, a comic book called ""Erdu!"" has been created. In addition, a didactic guide has been added for use in the classroom.","Jarraian aurkeztuko den Gradu Amaierako Lan honen xede nagusia, ikasleek hizkuntza ikas-estrategia sozio-afektiboak ezagutzea eta erabiltzea da. Horretarako, hiru pausu bete dira. Lehendabizi, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleek hizkuntzak ikasteko estrategiak erabiltzen dituzten ala ez aztertu da. Bigarrenik, erabiltzen dituzten estrategien erabilera alderatu da. Eta azkenik, ikas-estrategia sozio-afektiboen irakaskuntza eta erabilera bultzatzeko materiala sortu da. Azterketa egiteko, 63 ikaslek erantzun dute galdetegia. Emaitzetan oinarrituz, eta norberaren alde sozio-afektiboa kudeatzeak hizkuntzak ikastean dituen onurak ikusirik, “Erdu!” Komiki liburuxka sortu da. Gainera, materialari gela barruan erabiltzeko gida didaktiko bat erantsi zaio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57111,2022-08-02,"This research work deals with the refurbishment of the thermal installations of the LQCB (Laboratory for Quality Control in Building), specifically the installations that supply the heating demands of this building. To this end, the current installations are initially analysed with the aim of improving them and then different refurbishment options are proposed in order to study their viability and profitability, both economically and environmentally. Among these proposals are the implementation of geothermal technology, aerothermal technology without any boiler support for when the demand is very high and aerothermal technology with boiler support for when the demand is very high. Between the three options, it can be seen that the geothermal installation is neither logistically nor economically viable, but it does provide an environmental benefit by reducing CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. The aerothermal installation with back-up boilers is viable from a logistical point of view, as there would be no need to carry out any building work or change the hydraulic circuit, but it is not economically or environmentally profitable. And finally, the aerothermal installation without back-up boilers is viable and profitable from all points of view, logistically, economically and environmentally. Therefore, the chosen proposal for the rehabilitation of the current installations would be the aerothermal installation without back-up boilers.","Ikerketa lan honek EKKLko (Eraikuntzaren Kalitatea Kontrolatzeko Laborategia) instalazio termikoak birgaitzeari buruz dihardu, zehazki, eraikin horretako berokuntza-eskaerak hornitzen dituzten instalazioei buruz. Horretarako, hasiera batean, egungo instalazioak aztertzen dira, hauek hobetzeko asmoz, eta, ondoren, birgaitzeko hainbat aukera proposatzen dira, bideragarritasuna eta errentagarritasuna aztertzeko, bai logistikoa, ekonomikoa eta baita ingurumenekoa ere. Proposamen horien artean, teknologia geotermikoa. teknologia aerotermikoa galdaren inolako laguntzarik gabe, eskaria oso handia den uneetan bero ponpei laguntzeko, eta teknologia aerotermikoa galdaren laguntzarekin eskaria oso handia den uneetan bero ponpei laguntzeko. Hiru aukeren artean, ikus daiteke instalazio geotermikoa ez dela bideragarria, ez logistikoki ez ekonomikoki, baina ingurumen-onura dakarrela, atmosferara CO2 gutxiago isurtzen duelako. Laguntza- galdarak dituen instalazio aerotermikoa bideragarria da logistikaren ikuspegitik, ez bailitzateke obrarik egin behar, ezta zirkuitu hidraulikoa aldatu ere, baina ekonomikoki eta ingurumenaren aldetik ez da batere errentagarria. Eta, azkenik, laguntza-galdararik gabeko instalazio aerotermikoa bideragarria eta errentagarria da ikuspegi guztietatik, logistikoki, ekonomikoki zein ingurumenari dagokionez. Beraz, egungo instalazioak birgaitzeko aukeratutako proposamena galdara euskarririk gabeko instalazio aerotermikoa izango litzateke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19354,2016-10-21,"This project consists in developing a gamma spectrometry to 12 different ionic exchange resins from a steam generator belonging of a nuclear power plant. The activities obtained will be checked in order to know which its main component are, also to see if the results shown respect or correlate to those expected in this type of power plant. At last, with the results obtained and information from a beta and alfa spectrometry, determine whether the scaling factors between key radionuclides and difficult to measure ones in nuclear plants, stablished by Swedish SKB (Sweden Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company), are accurate for this specific situation.","Ikerlan honetan ikasiko dira zentral nuklearreko 12 erretxinak espektrometria gammarekin. Jardueran lortutako emaitzak aztertuko dira ea lortutako erretxinaren jarduera, mota honetako instalazio bateko jarduera normala den. Ondoren, espektrometria beta eta alphari buruzko informazio eta emaitzekin konparatuko da espektrometria gamma hau. Helburua hau da: Swedish SKB (Sweden Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company) ezarritako radionukleido klabe eta zailak neurtzeko radionukleidoen arteko korrelazioak kasu honetan egokiak diren ala ez jakitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73469,2025-05-08,"In this Final Degree Project a critical reading of the musical work of the clown group Txirri, Mirri eta Txiribiton is carried out, as well as sharing the conclusions drawn from it. In order to make this possible, in addition to compiling data and general elements on the figure of the clown, the available information on the basque clown group has been collected. In this way, and after having listened to and described the 22 records that make up the musical work of Txirri, Mirri and Txiribiton, I have been able to critically express the main aspects that stand out in it, arguing the richness and value of the same.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Txirri, Mirri eta Txiribiton pailazo taldearen obra musikalaren irakurketa kritikoa egin dut. Horretarako, lehenik, pailazoaren figuraren inguruko datuak eta elementu orokorrak bildu ditut marko teorikoan. Ondoren, Txirri, Mirri eta Txiribitonek egindako ibilbidea deskribatu dut, hainbat informazio iturri baliatuz. Obraren irakurketa kritikoa egiteko, berriz, pailazo taldearen 22 diskoak deskribatu ditut. Azterketa xehe horretan oinarrituz, alderdi nagusiak nabarmendu eta irakurketa kritiko orokor bat egin dut, Txirri, Mirri eta Txiribitonen obra musikalaren aberastasuna eta balioa azaleraziz, besteak beste." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17616,2016-03-15,"The aim of this Final Grade Project is to identify the attitudes and prejudices towards the Basque language of immigrants resident in Biscay. Therefore, this project is based on a quantitative research with a sample of 180 people aged between 18 and 60 years. Thus, it was possible to reflect on the results to enhance the presence of Basque in society and at the same time, to promote the integration of this group. Considering the results of the quantitative study and analyzing the attitudes, willingness, motivation, prejudice and reasons why immigrants do not learn Basque, it has been created the website “Bai Es Guay” in order to facilitate learning this language.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, Bizkaian bizi diren etorkinen euskararekiko jarrerak eta aurreiritziak identifikatzea da. Horregatik, 18-60 urte bitarteko 180 pertsonen laginarekin ikerketa kuantitatibo bat burutu da. Era honetan, emaitzen inguruan hausnartu da, gizartean euskararen presentzia bultzatzeko eta etorkinak aipaturiko hizkuntzara hurbiltzeko. Ikerketa kuantitatiboan lortutako emaitzak kontuan izanez eta etorkinen jarrerak, motibazioak, aurreiritziak eta euskara ez ikasteko arrazoiak analizatuz gero “Bai Es Guay” web orria eratu da hizkuntza honen ikasketa errazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37069,2019-12-19,"Abstract: in the present Project, the stabilization of the cliff section that is located in the Cala Senokozuloa in Pasaia San Pedro will be carried out. For this, two methods will be done; the installation of a drainage gutter located along the road that crowns the cliff, and a system of permanent anchorages using cables, and its subsequent tensioning and gunning.","Laburpena: hemengo Proiektuan, Pasai San Pedro-ko Senokozuloa kalako kostaldean dagoen itsaslabarrearen estabilizazioa egingo da. Horretarako, bi metodo erabili egingo dira; drainatze zanga baten instalazioa amildegiaren gainean dagoen errepidean kokatutako da, eta kableak erabiliz, eta ondorengo tenkamena eta gunitado-a, iraunkor ainguramen sistema jarriko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20060,2017-01-02,"Nowadays the commercial fishing energy source depends heavily on fossil fuels. The environmental legislation and the constant fluctuation in the fuel cost lead us to analyze other alternatives for the propulsion systems. Diesel electric propulsion could be an interesting alternative instead of the conventional diesel mechanical propulsion systems on vessels working under specific operating conditions. This work investigates the possibility of replacing the conventional propulsion system installed on a purse-seine fishing vessel, for another diesel-electric system. All this with the aim of getting profitability from an energetic point of view.","Egungo arrantza komertzialean ontzien propultsiorako energia iturri nagusia erregai fosilak dira. Ingurumen legediak ezarritako baldintzek eta erregaien kostuen fluktuazioek arrantza ontzien propultsiorako aukera ezberdinen azterketa zabaldu dute. Lan baldintza jakin batzuetan dabiltzan ontzietan, diesel elektriko propultsio sistemak diesel mekaniko sistema konbentzionalekiko aukera onak izan daitezke, eraginkortasun energetiko handiagoa lortuz. Lan honetan inguratze arrantzarako ontzi batean propultsio sistema konbentzionala, aipatutako diesel elektriko sistemarengatik ordezkatzeko aukera aztertuko da, ikuspuntu energetikotik errentagarritasuna lortzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17653,2016-03-16,"Due to the technological revolution in the last years, children's and young adult´s literature has change its form, in order to conform to the current audiovisual media; becoming more attractive and understandable to the young public. Taking the novel Momo as an example, the strategies used for its cinematographic cartoons adaptation have been analyzed, as well as, deepen in the comparison between the storyline of both expression means. Trough this analysis, it has been proved that the adaptations mentioned imply a simplification of the original work, which it does not justify the dismiss to use them as an educational tool.","Azken urteetako teknologia berrien iraultza dela eta, haur eta gazte literaturak bere forma aldatu du, ikus-entzunezko euskarrietara moldatuz, hartzaile haurrei erakargarriago eta ulergarriago suertatzearren. Adibide moduan Momo eleberria hartuta, bere moldaketa zinematografikorako erabili diren estrategiak aztertu dira eta bi adierazpen-euskarrien tramak konparatu dira. Analisi honen bidez frogatu ahal izan da moldaketa mota hauek, hain zuzen, jatorrizko lanaren sinplifikazioa inplikatzen dutela; hala ere, ez da arrazoi nahikoa hauek alde batera uzteko edo mesprezatzeko eta hezkuntza-baliabide posible gisa baztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67763,2024-05-08,"The main aim of this work is to analyse the interest in bertsolaritza among pupils in the third cycle of primary education and what kind of knowledge and prejudices they have about bertso, in order to see whether or not bertsolaritza can be applied to education on the basis of their suggestions. To do this, all the pupils in the third cycle of a school in a Basque town in Bizkaia answered a questionnaire created for this work, taking into account the scientific and bibliographical research carried out in the theoretical framework. On the basis of the results obtained, the pupils showed an interest in bertsolaritza and enjoyed working on it, even if the context was not bertsozale. Furthermore, the pupils made suggestions for integrating bertsolaritza into formal education. Two of these proposals have been selected and prepared as examples to work on in formal education.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloan dauden ikasleek bertsolaritzari buruz duten interesa nolakoa den eta bertsoari buruz zein ezagutza eta aurreiritzi mota duten aztertzea da, bertsolaritza hezkuntzan aplikatu daitekeen edo ez ikusteko euren iradokizunetatik abiatuta. Horretarako, marko teorikoan egindako ikerketa zientifikoa eta bibliografikoa aintzat hartuz lan honetarako sortutako galdetegi bat erantzun dute Bizkaiko herri euskaldun bateko ikastetxe bateko hirugarren zikloko ikasle guztiek. Lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituta, ikasleek bertsolaritzarekiko interesa erakutsi dute eta gustuko dute bertsolaritza lantzea nahiz eta testuingurua ez izan bertsozalea. Gainera, ikasleek bertsolaritza hezkuntza formalean txertatzeko iradokizunak egin dituzte. Proposamen horietako bi hautatu dira eta hezkuntza formalean lantzeko prestatu dira adibide gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60238,2023-03-03,"Education and Basque. It is clear that these are two different concepts, since each has its own meaning and characteristics. But both have always been studied both in the field of sociolinguistics and in the field of Basque cultural activity. So, they have something in common. In this sense, these concepts have brought us many controversies in our society, since in the Basque Autonomous Community education and Basque go hand in hand. That this is so, nowadays is done on the one hand by the belief that education has to be Euskaldun, but on the other hand it is also influenced by the objective that children, centered on Euskara, should be bilingual or multilingual, as multilingualism is becoming more and more important. However, there are situations in which, for different reasons, the treatment of the Basque language is not as good as it is thought, perhaps the quality does not reach the required level neither by the teachers nor by the children. Or perhaps the influence of a giant language such as Spanish is evident, almost completely stepping on the Basque language. In order to put aside all these concerns and doubts and open the doors to the reality that lies ahead of us, Practicum III has been used for research reasons. Therefore, data and appropriate answers have been collected from continuous observation, focused on previously defined research objectives. Thus, to answer these research questions, a qualitative research design has been used, based on classroom observations and interviews with two teachers and the school principal. Focused on the multiple data and/or ideas extracted, attitudes in favor of linguistic diversity are mainly defended, accompanying awareness, affection and motivation towards the Basque language. On the contrary, once again the conclusion has been reached that it is something to be taken care of, obviating the actions that lead to its eradication. Looking ahead, it would be good to redo this research; open the interview to a greater number of people (teachers and families) and carry out the same research, since one of the main objectives would be to analyze the situation of the Basque language, so that monitoring its evolution would provide many updated and interesting data.","Hezkuntza eta euskara. Argi dago bi kontzeptu ezberdin direla, bakoitzak bere esanahi eta ezaugarriak baititu. Baina, biak izan dira betidanik aztertuak bai soziolinguistikaren eta baita euskalgintzaren esparruan ere. Beraz, badute zerbait komunean. Hori horrela, kontzeptu horiek, eztabaida ugari ekarri izan dizkigute gure gizartera; izan ere, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan, hezkuntza eta euskara batera baitoaz. Hori horrela izatea, gaur egun, alde batetik, hezkuntzak euskalduna izan behar duela usteak egiten du, baina beste alde batetik, haurrek euskara ardatz izanik, elebidun edota eleanitz izateko helburuak ere eragina du, geroz eta garrantzia handiagoa baitu eleaniztasunak. Alabaina, egoera batzuetan, arrazoi ezberdinak medio, euskararen trataera ez da uste bezain ona; agian, kalitatea ez da eskatzen den mailara iristen ez irakasleen aldetik, ezta haurren aldetik ere. Edota agian, gaztelera bezalako hizkuntza handi baten eragina nabaria da, euskara ia guztiz zapalduz. Kezka eta zalantza horiek guztiak alde batera uzteko eta aurrean dugun errealitateari ateak irekitzeko, Practicum III-a erabili da. Bertan, alde batetik, behaketa etengabea oinarri izanik, aldez aurretik zehaztutako ikerketa-helburuak ardatz, datuak bildu eta emaitzak idatzi dira. Hala, ikuspegi kualitatiboa erabili da ikerketa-galderei erantzuteko, klase-behaketak eta zentroko bi irakaslerekin nahiz zuzendariarekin elkarrizketak oinarri. Ateratako datu edota ideia anitzak ardatz izaki, hizkuntza aniztasunaren aldeko jarrerak defendatzen dira nagusiki; euskararekiko sentsibilizazio, afektu eta motibazioa bidelagun delarik. Aitzitik, beste behin ere, zaindu beharreko zerbait dela ondorioztatu da, desagerraraztea egiten duten ekintzak alboratzen dituena. Etorkizunari begira jarriz ongi legoke ikerketa hau berregitea; elkarrizketa pertsona gehiagorengana zabaldu (irakasle zein familia), eta ikerketa bera egitea; hain zuzen ere, helburu nagusienetako bat euskararen egoera aztertzea izanik, honen bilakaeraren jarraipen bat egiteak datu eguneratu eta interesgarri anitz ekarriko lituzke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36812,2019-12-12,"This project briefs the right adjustment of a distance protection relay in a electric transport line set between Aldeadavila and Villarino. Different faults will be simulated and the relay's performance will be analysed. Eventually, the relay's own software will be used in order to adjust it optimally.","Proiektu honetan, Aldeadavila eta VIllarinoren artean dagoen elektrizitate-transmisio linea batean kokatutako distantziaren babes errele baten doikuntza aztertuko da. Akats desberdinak informatika ekipamenduekin simulatuko dira eta babesaren funtzionamendua aztertuko da. Azkenik, transmisioaren softwarea egokitzeko erabiliko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19333,2016-10-19,"In this work the methodology to follow in order to get the design and manufacturing of a sprocket for the chain transmission of a competition motorcycle will be explained, more exactly, for the ETSIB MotoStudent team’s motorcycle. This project must be generalized for any kind of sprocket; that is why the design will be parameterized depending on the requirements.","Lan honetan lasterketako motor baten kate bidezko transmisioaren koro baten diseinu eta fabrikazioa lortzeko jarraitu beharrezko pausuak azalduko dira, zehazki Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoaren MotoStudent taldearen motorrarentzat. Proiektu hau edozein koro motarentzat orokortu behar da, eta horregatik diseinua eskakizunen arabera parametrizatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43276,2020-05-19,"The aim of this end-of-degree project is to analyse the influence of the mother tongue in a bilingual region as Basque Country when it comes to learning a third language. To do that, eight 6th grade primary students of the Tokieder public school (Vitoria-Gasteiz) were randomly selected, and their English oral competence was evaluated. Participants were asked to do three different tasks. The first, a survey for themselves, to know their linguistic habits and their language knowleadge. The second, a survey for their parents. And finally, an individual oral interview in English and Spanish.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua da Euskadi bezalako eremu elebidun batean hirugarren hizkuntza bat ikasterako orduan ama-hizkuntzak duen eragina aztertzea. Horretarako, Tokieder eskola publikoko (Vitoria-Gasteiz) Lehen Hezkuntzako 6.mailako 8 ikasle ausaz hautatu dira (horietako lauk ama-hizkuntza euskara eta beste laurek gaztelania dutenak) eta haien ingelesezko ahozko gaitasuna ikertu da. Ikasleei hiru zeregin eskatu zaizkie. Batetik, eurek betetzeko galdetegia, beren hizkuntza-ohiturak eta ezagutza-maila neurtzeko. Bestetik, gurasoek betetzeko galdetegia. Eta azkenik, ingelesez zein gaztelaniaz eginiko ahozko elkarrizketa indibiduala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51039,2021-04-16,"Nowadays, more importance is given to emotional work with people, starting from childhood, as the axis of educational curriculum. Emotional or socio-affective education puts emotions at the center of education. Emotions have always affected what happens in the classroom. Unfortunately it has not been given the importance it deserves until recently. This work is focused and to be carried out beginning in the 3rd grade of Primary Education. Through both theoretical and practical content, by a didactic unit, this program utilizes the Pixar film ""Inside Out"". It will cover aspects of awareness, regulation and emotional autonomy, as well as social and emotional competence in turn giving children skills at their disposal to help them succeed through their entire life. This will be achieved using diverse activities that are carried out through play, dramatizations, storytelling and more. The aim is to make students aware of their emotional world, learn how to manage it effectively and to be able to face as many day-to-day challenges by developing life skills. In short, this curriculum teaches the children to be more resilient, well rounded people.","Gaur egun, gero eta garrantzi handiagoa ematen zaio pertsonekiko lan emozionalari, haurtzarotik hasita, hezkuntza curriculumean ardatz gisa jarriz. Emozioak hezkuntzaren erdigunean jartzen saiatzen da hezkuntza emozionala edo sozioafektiboa. Emozioek beti eragina eduki dute ikasgelan, baina beti bigarren maila batean izan da, merezi duten benetako garrantzia eman gabe. Lan hau Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. mailako ikasgelan egiteko bideratuta dago, aipatutako alderdiari eduki teoriko eta praktikoen bidez estaldura eman nahi zaio, unitate didaktiko baten bitartez, Pixarren ""Del Revés"" filmetik abiatuta, kontzientzia, erregulazioa eta autonomia emozionala landuz, bai eta gaitasun soziala eta bizitzarako eta ongizaterako gaitasunak ere, jolasen, dramatizazioen, ipuinen eta aberren bidez. Hau da, lan honen helburua ikasleek beren mundu emozionalaz jabetu daitezen, modu eraginkorrean kudeatzen ikas dezaten eta eguneroko zein etorkizuneko erronkei aurre egiteko gai izan daitezen, bizitzarako eta ongizaterako trebetasunak garatuz da; azken batean, pertsona hobeak izaten ikas dezaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60204,2023-03-01,"Bone damage caused by trauma, infection, tumors or even aging, make bone one of the most transplanted tissues globally. To date, from a clinical point of view, the most effective method for bone transplantation is the use of autologous grafts due to their osteoinductive, osteoconductive and osteogenic properties. However, donor site morbidity and limited bone supply make it necessary to study new ways to obtain bone tissue. At this point, bone tissue engineering is of special interest, as the combination of stem cells with osteoinductive biomaterials resembles the performance of autologous grafts. Bone development is controlled by a wide variety of factors in vivo. Among them, mechanical stimuli stand out, key in the induction of osteogenesis in adipose derived stem cells (ASC). In this work we have sought to induce the osteogenic differentiation process in ASC through a nanovibration mechanism generated by a bioreactor. The final aim is to implement a simple, reproducible and scalable protocol under GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) quality standards to develop a Cell Therapy Product without any chemical induction. The results obtained through the analysis of early markers such as, alkaline phosphatase activity and gene expression of osteonectin (SPARC) and bone sialoprotein (IBSP), demonstrate pre-differentiation of nanovibrated ASCs to osteogenic lineages, compared to controls. These preliminary results could be the basis for promising advances in bone cell-therapy.","Traumatismoek, infekzioek, tumoreek edo zahartzeak eragindako hezur-kaltearen ondorioz, hezurra da munduan gehien transplantatu izan den ehunetariko bat. Orain arte, ehun autologoa izan da hezur-transplantea egiteko modurik eraginkorrena, ikuspuntu klinikoa kontutan hartuta. Hala ere, erauzketa-gunean gerta litezkeen zailtasunen eta beren hornidura mugatuaren ondorioz, hezur ehun alogenikoa lortzeko bide berriak aztertzea beharrezkoa da. Ehunen ingenieritzak gero eta abantail handiagoak eskaintzen ditu hezurren birsorkuntzaren behar honetan. Jatorri alogenikoa duten zelula ama eta gaitasun osteoinduktoredun biomaterialak konbinatzen duten tratamenduak, injertu autologoen errendimendua berdintzea lortzen ari dira. Hezurraren garapena hainbat in vivo faktoreren kontrolean oinarritzen da. Horien artean, azpimarragarriak dira zelula ama mesenkimaletan (ASC) estimulu mekanikoek eragindako osteogenesi prozesuak. Lan honetan, bioerreaktore batek sortutako nanobibrazio-mekanismo baten bidez, ASCen desberdintze osteogenikoaren prozesua bultzatu nahi izan da; indukzio kimikorik gabe. Erraza, errepikagarria eta fabrikazio praktika onen kaliatate-estandarrenpean eskalagarria den protokoloa ezartzeko helburuarekin. Markatzaile goiztiarren analisiaren bidez lortutako emaitzek, hala nola II fosfatasa alkalinoaren aktibitateak eta osteonektinaren (SPARC) eta hezursialoproteinaren (IBSP) adierazpen genikoak erakusten dute ASC nanobibratuen predesberdinketa osteogenikoa, kontrolekin alderatuz. Atariko emaitza horiek oinarria izan litezke hezurrari aplikatutako zelula-terapiaren munduan aurrerapen oparoak lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25135,2003,"The fundamental axioms of the Criminology are not legal or religious dogmas that need to be demonstrated, because they are based on the tradition, the culture, the values. These axioms are characterized by their inexorability and permanence, but also by its constant evolution. The humanity axiom forces us to foster the value of the compassion. The shared universal responsibility means that each one and all we are ethically responsible to live according to the values, the justice, the peace, the human rights, the sustainable development, and so on. The axiom of the transdisciplinarity invites us to watch beyond the scientific disciplines, to watch towards the metascientific, the metarational, the axiologic, the transcendental, the Mystery. And the globalizaton as well as the multiculturality can contribute to these axioms positively.","Kriminologiaren funtsesko axiomak ez dira demostratu beharreko dogma juridiko edo erlijiosoak, tradizioan, kulturan eta baloreetan oinarritu bait dira. Axioma horien ezaugarria, denboran zehar irauten dutela da, baita eboluzio bat jasaten dutela ere. Humanitatearen axiomak errukiaren balorea lantzera behartzen gaitu. Erantzunkizun unibertsalaren banaketak duen azalpena zera da, gutako bakoitzak etikoki erantzule garela garapenean, bakean eta oinarrizko eskubideetan behar bezala erantzuteko. Transdiziplinitatearen axiomak disziplina zientifikoak baino haruntzago begiratzera garamatza, hau da metazientifikora, metarrazionalitatera, axiologikora, oinarrizkoenera, misteriora. Bai globalizazioak, baita multikulturalitateak ere haiengan positiboki eragin dezakete." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47007,2020-10-19,"The Aholab research group has developed a mobile application called AhoTTS, which allows the synthetization of text to voice. This is performed by two voices in Spanish and Basque (one voice for each language) that come pre-installed in the application. On the other hand, there is the service of AhoMyTTS by which anyone can synthesize their voice and donate it or save it for a private use. With this project both services have been unified, adding to the application the possibility of downloading the variety of voices donated by the AhoMyTTS users and also the private voices that one has stored. An application has been created in the server that distributes the voices requested and works independently, which allows the development of different client applications and in different platforms. Now, AhoTTS includes the possibility of seeing the public voices catalogue downloaded from the server and also the private ones if the user has been previously validated. Once the list is been obtained, a voice can be selected for its download and installation.","Aholab-eko ikerkuntza taldea AhoTTS izeneko mugikorreko aplikazioa garatu du, testutik ahotserako sintesia ahalbidetzen duena. Hau, euskaraz zein gaztelaniaz egin daiteke aplikazioan aurretik instalatuta datozen bi ahotsen bitartez (bata hizkuntza bakoitzerako). Beste alde batetik, AhoMyTTS zerbitzua dago, zeinekin edonork bere ahotsa sintetizatu dezake eta dohaintzan eman edo erabilera pribatu baterako gorde. Proiektu honekin bi zerbitzu hauek bateratu nahi dira, aplikazioari AhoMyTTS-ko erabiltzaileek dohaintzan emandako ahots anitzak deskargatzeko aukera emanez, eta baita norberak modu pribatuan gordetakoak. Zerbitzarian aplikazio bat sortu da eskatutako ahotsak banatzen dituena eta modu independentean lan egiten duena. Honek bezero aplikazio ezberdinak garatzea ahalbidetzen du eta plataforma ezberdinetarako. Orain, AhoTTS-k zerbitzaritik deskargatutako ahots publikoen katalogoa deskargatzeko aukera ematen du, aurrez aurretik zerbitzaria baieztatua izan bada. Ahotsen lista lortu izandakoan, bat aukeratu daiteke bere deskarga eta instalakuntzarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14093,2015-01-19,"In the last decade, social diversity has been clearly visible in our schools. This fact has leaded our educational system to develop policies and plans in order to improve these schools. In this paper, we will focus on the educational practices that are carried at Hijas de la Caridad de Nuestra Señora de Begoña. And we will also provide different proposals oriented to the creation of a more inclusive school center. Finally, for achieving our goals, we have used focal group techniques and we have count with the help of active members of the educational community. (Inglés)","Azken hamarkadan, aniztasun soziala gure eskoletan islatu izan da, baita hezkuntza sisteman ere. Hori dela eta, gure hezkuntza sistemak politikak eta jarduteko plan berriak garatu izan behar ditu kalitatezko eskola bideratzeko guztiontzat. Lan honetan Karitatearen Alabak Begoñako Andra Mari ikastetxean aurrera eramaten diren praktikak aztertzea planteatzen dugu eta hobekuntza proposamenak egitea ikastetxea inklusiboagoa izateko. Lanaren garapenerako talde fokal teknika erabili dugu hezkuntza komunitatearen kide aktibo batzuen partaidetzarekin. (Euskera)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25284,2000,"The goal of this study was to know the stereotypes about physical appearance of delinquents, and how they influence on the identification of persons. For that, an experiment was carried out with two groups of 60 undergraduates' students in each one. The results support the existence of stereotypes about the appearance of the delinquents.","Lan honek, helburu bezala pertsonek gaizkileen itxura fisikoarekiko dituzten ideia estereotipatuak eta ideia horiek pertsonen identifikazioan duten eragina aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako, esperimentu bat egin zen, 60 ikasle unibertsitarioz osatutako bi taldekin. Emaitzek gaizkileei buruzko ideia estereotipatuen izakina baieztatu zuten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26677,1995,"In present social context the people who is different is perceived as a danger, and this generate insecurity; ending all that in racial discrimination and xenophobia. By this argument, and in sight of the policy adopted in the matter in European Union countries, measures that should be undertaken to solve these problems are pointed out.","Gaur egungo geure gizartean desberdina denari arriskutsutzat jotzen zaio, diskriminazio eta xenofibian bukatzen den segurtasun eza sortuz. Arrazoinbide honetan oinarrituz, eta Europako Batasunaren herriek hartutako politika kontutan hartuz, arazo hauei aurre egiteko has litezken neurriak azaldu egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41366,2020-02-20,"Drawing is a valuable tool for communication between human beings. However, drawing interest decreases at primary school. In the following investigation, we will arise the main reasons for this loss of interest, and we will demonstrate that drawing is not only aimed at entertaining children; we will particularly emphasize the importance of drawing in the teaching-learning process. In order to carry out a brief analysis based on the various researches performed by several authors, qualitative surveys have been done for both teachers and primary school pupils. If you were asked about your interest in drawing, what would you answer?","Marrazkigintza gizakiok komunikatzeko erabiltzen dugun tresna baliotsu bat izanda ere, Lehen Hezkuntza garaitik jada horrekiko interesa galduz goaz. Ikerketa lan honetan, egoera horren zergatiak arakatzen dira eta marrazkigintza haurrak entretenitzeko ariketa bat baino gehiago dela erakusten da, ikaskuntza-irakaskuntza prozesuan duen garrantzia azpimarratuz. Horrela, zenbait autoreen teorietan oinarrituz gaiaren inguruko ikerketa sakon bat egin da, eta ikerketa zehatz eta aberasgarri bat bermatu ahal izateko inkesta kualitatiboak egin zaizkie Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasle eta ikasleei. “Marraztea gustatzen al zaizu” galdetuko balizute, zein izango zen zure erantzuna?" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29249,2018-10-23,"This document presents the methodology followed for the construction and control of a model of the Artxanda funicular, using the Lego Mindstorms NXT kit. It is a project carried out as End of Degree Work, in collaboration with the Department of Automation and Control. Throughout the same the different stages are exposed, like the previous study of viability, the design of the model, the construction of this or the programming of the control system. A detailed list of the tasks performed and a project budget have also been included.","Artxandako funikularraren eredua eraikitzeko eta kontrolatzeko metodologia aurkezten du dokumentu honek, LEGO Mindstorms NXT kit erabiliz. Lanbide amaierako lana da, Automatizazio eta Kontroleko Departamentuarekin lankidetzan. Aldi berean, fase desberdinak azaltzen dira, bideragarritasunaren aurreko azterketa, ereduaren diseinua, kontrol-sistemaren eraikuntza edo programazioa. Atazak eta proiektu aurrekontua ere barne hartu dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20028,2016-12-29,"The theoretical work has been carried clearly outlines how important it is to consider the emotions of the students. To ensure the student's experience is positive their needs should be met, as a means to achieve academic development. However, to achieve comprehensive development, teachers need to meet the challenge of social-emotional education. During the initial and permanent training, in that matter; besides of the student´s well-being, also provides so to the teachers. The base and starting point are Vygotsky's sociocultural theory in general. Pointing out the concept of experience; from there, research has been made about the integration of the cognitive, the effective and emotional in education. Also, what has been considered is the creation of socio-emotional competencies for the teachers. The theoretical consulted sources confirm that scholar context understood as a space that facilitates the interaction, relation, and communication. These must provide a place where the emotional security and the well-being of the students are granted.","Lan teoriko honetan ikaslearen beharrizanak asetzeko eta eskola-bizipena positiboa izan dadin, emozioak kontutan hartzearen garrantzia azpimarratzen da, ikaslearen garapen akademiko eta pertsonala lortzeko bidea izanik. Baina garapen-integralaren erronkak irakaslegoaren hezkuntza sozio-emozionala eskatzen du, hasierako eta etengabeko formakuntzan; horrek ikaslearen ongizateaz gain, irakaslearena ere ahalbidetzen baitu. Vygotskiren psikologia historiko-kulturala orokorrean eta zehazki bizipenaren kontzeptua abiapuntu eta oinarri bezala hartu dira; hortik abiatuta hezkuntzan arlo kognitibo, afektibo eta emozionalaren integrazioaz arduratu diren gaur egungo lanak aztertu dira eta baita gaitasun sozio-emozionalak irakaslegoaren formakuntzan landu dutenak ere. Aztertutako iturri teorikoek baieztatzen dute eskolako testuinguruak, elkarrekintza, harremanak eta komunikazioa ahalbidetzen dituen gune bezala ulertuta, ikaslearen segurtasun emozionala eta ongizatea bermatu behar duen lekua izan behar dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67766,2024-05-08,"Reading involves an interaction between the reader and the text, and it's not only cognitive, it's also physical, that is, we relate not only to the text itself, but also to its technological support. So the interaction we establish with the printed reading can be very different from the digital format. The main purpose of this work, therefore, is to examine the influence of the support (paper and screen) on the reading comprehension of the third cycle of primary school students. To this end, 89 third-cycle primary school students have answered two validated Reading Comprehension Assessment (RCA) questionnaires, one on paper and one on screen, and the differences in reading comprehension have been analysed. The main conclusion can be said to be that the trend is to understand it better on paper than on screen.","Irakurketak irakurlearen eta testuaren arteko interakzioa dakar, eta ez da soilik kognitiboa, fisikoa ere bada, hau da, testua bera ez ezik, bere euskarri teknologikoarekin ere lotzen gara. Horregatik, inprimatutako irakurketarekin ezartzen dugun elkarreragina eta formatu digitalarekin ezartzen duguna oso desberdinak izan daitezke. Horrenbestez, lan honen helburu nagusia da Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. zikloko ikasleen irakurriaren ulermenean irakurgaiaren euskarriak (paperak eta pantailak) duen eragina aztertzea. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko 89 ikaslek “Irakurriaren Ulermenaren Ebaluaketa” (IUE) test balidatutako bi galdetegi erantzun dituzte, bata paperean eta bestea pantailan eta bien arteko aldeak aztertu dira irakurriaren ulermenari dagokionez. Ondorio nagusi moduan esan daiteke tendentzia dela paperean hobeto ulertzea pantailan baino." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29262,,"This document will explain the solution that has been made for the design of the front inferior train of the motorbike for the Bilbao Engineering School’s MotoStudent team. The main aim of the design is to make a competitive front rear that will satisfy the regulations of the organization and also the requirements proposed by the team. These requirements will be mainly determined by the braking of the motorbike, as this is the most critical situation for the ensemble. Moreover, it is required to be as much lightweight as possible and to have a proper stiffness in order to achieve competitiveness. Lastly, the ensemble will be designed to be easy to assemble and disassemble, since in the competition the team will have a timed test of the disassemble of the front train.","Lan honetan Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako MotoStudent taldearen motoaren aurreko trenaren beheko partearen diseinurako aurrera eraman den soluzioa azalduko da. Diseinu honen helburu nagusia aurreko tren lehiakor bat lortzea da, organizazioak ezarritako araudia eta taldeak berak ezarritako beharrizanak beteko dituena. Beharrizan hauek batez ere motoaren balaztatzeak jartzen ditu, une hau baita sistemaren momentu kritikoena. Horretaz gain, sistema ahalik eta arinena eta zurruntasun egokiduna izatea nahi da lehiakortasun hori lortzeko. Azkenik, muntatzeko eta desmuntatzeko erraza izatea bilatuko da diseinuan, lehiaketan taldeak aurreko trenaren desmuntatzearen proba kronometratu bat egin beharko baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26493,1987,"After being exposed the opinion of a wide sector of the spaniards (and an opinion polle in Euskadi), he coments the reasons in favour of death penalty abolishment even in war time, against what it is stablished on the Constitution of 1978.","Espainarren sektore baten eritzia azaldu ondoren (baita Euskadin egindako inkesta batena ere), heriotz-zigorra desagertzearen aldeko argudioak aipatu zituen gerra garaikoak batipat, zeinak 1978ko Konstituzioan ezarritakoaren aurka bait daude." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14053,2015-01-19,"Some children, at early literacy, have problems with written language. These problems, usually, are errors that are part of the learning process, but sometimes they can be indicative of a language disorder. As a result, teachers, as far as possible, have to try to prevent these problems. In this research, in addition to the errors that children have, we investigated the lacks that have schools-teachers in this learning. After evaluate the information, it has been seen that children make similar mistakes and that teachers have difficulties with basic concepts of written language. Moreover, we have seen that the methods used do not facilitate the learning process of children. As a consequence, there has been suggested a proposal to prevent problems and lacks.","Haur batzuek hasierako alfabetatzean, hizkuntza idatziarekin zenbait arazo izaten dituzte. Arazo horiek, normalean, ikaskuntza prozesuaren baitan dauden akatsak izaten dira, baina batzuetan hizkuntza trastorno baten adierazleak bihurtu daitezke. Hori dela eta, irakasleak, ahal duen neurrian, arazo horiek aurreikusten saiatu behar du. Ikerketa honetan, haurrek izaten dituzten akatsez gain, eskolek eta irakasleek irakaskuntza honetan dituzten gabeziak eta arazoak aztertu dira. Datuak baloratu ostean, haurrek euren artean mota bereko akatsak egiten dituztela eta irakasleek hizkuntza idatziaren oinarrizko kontzeptuekin zailtasunak dituztela ikusi da. Horrez gain, erabiltzen dituzten metodoak haurren ikaskuntza prozesua errazten ez dutela ikusi dugu. Hori guztia dela eta, arazoak eta gabeziak aurreikusteko proposamen bat aurkeztu dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51008,2021-04-15,"These days, we are part of a globalized society. So much so that it is easy to bump into people from all over the world. Knowing so, diversity has also arrived to the Basque Country and schools are the best example of it. Students from different countries and cultures coexist and live together there, which is a sign of coeducation and interculturalism. But this should not only be an ephemeral representation, but part of an educational process. So, as whole, it is deeply important to work within the classroom the importance of cultural diversity. The aim of this work is to analyze and evince the importance of interculturalism in schools and in various foundations or supports used there, such as workbooks, in particular, or diverse educational materials, in general. This work consists of two parts. On the one hand, three different schools located in the area of Tolosaldea, in Gipuzkoa, have been analyzed through a questionnaire. On the other hand, 12 workbooks from Elementary Education (belonging to three different publishing houses) have been examined in order to study the presence and importance of interculturalism in them. Finally, there has been posed and set out a didactic intervention which encourages and promotes interculturalism, taking especially into consideration the needs and gaps detected in the questionnaires and the examined workbooks throughout this process.","Egun, geroz eta gizarte globalizatuago batean bizi gara. Jada, ohikoa bihurtu da munduko edozein txokotako biztanleak edonon topatzea. Horrela, aniztasuna Euskal Herrira ere iritsi da eta ikastetxea da horren isla argia. Bertan, kultura ezberdinetako ikasleek elkarrekin ikasten dute eta aniztasun hori guztiz aberasgarria bada ere, beharrezkoa da kultur-aniztasuna, irudikapen hutsalean ez geratzea eta kulturartekotasunaren lanketa egokia bat aurrera eramatea. Lan honen bitartez, kulturartekotasunak duen presentzia eta garrantzia aztertu nahi da, ikastetxe eta bertan erabiltzen diren material desberdinetan, testu liburuak kasu. Horretarako, alde batetik, galdetegi baten bitartez, Gipuzkoako Tolosaldea eskualdeko hiru ikastetxeren datuak aztertu dira, presentzia eta garrantzia horren berri izan asmoz. Beste aldetik, Lehen Hezkuntzako hiru argitaletxe desberdinen testu liburuak aztertu dira, guztira 12, kulturartekotasunak duen presentziaren inguruko datuak jasoaz. Amaitzeko, galdetegien eta testu liburuen azterketetatik ateratako hutsuneei erantzuna emateko, kulturartekotasunaren lanketa bultzatzen duen esku hartze didaktiko baten proposamena jaso da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23236,2017-07,"In the field of sport, as in nearly every aspect of life, the use of polymeric materials is more frequent every day due to, among other properties, the fact that they are faster and cheaper to process and, at the same time, show a good mechanical resistance. Therefore, leather, iron, wood and other traditional material used in sport in the past have been replaced by high technology chemical products. In fact, it would be impossible nowadays to think a sport would survive without the use of such materials and still further to think of being competitive in the professional world. Handball is not an exception and thereby the use of polymers plays an essential role, that goes well beyond the sports equipment, in the coatings and protections players wear on the palms of their hands which is the research in this paper. For such protection, the use of special microcellular polyurethane called Sylomer is proposed, due to the great elasticity of such material, its resistance to water and therefore to sweat and the wide of loads it cover. To achieve this, several members of the Olarreta ball society in Larrabetzu will test different density materials with the different balls regarding their hardness in order to choose the most adequate with the aim to get results which are at least equal to those at the moment with the material currently used; in that case, a future deeper research will be opened about the material or, in contrary, it will be excluded.","Kirolean, bizitzaren alderdi gehienetan bezala, material polimerikoen aplikazioak gero eta ugariagoak dira. Material hauek, prozesatzeko azkarrak eta ekonomikoak izateaz gain, erresistentzia mekaniko ezin hobea aurkezten dute. Modu honetan, larruzko, burdinazko edo egurrezko materialak, teknologia altuko konposatu kimikoei bidea utzi diete. Izan ere, egun, ia ezinezkoa litzateke material hauen erabilpenik gabe bizirik iraungo zukeen edozein kiroletan pentsatzea, eta are gutxiago maila profesionalean lehiakorra izatea lortzea. Esku pilota ez da salbuespena izango eta beraz, material hauen erabilerak nahitaezko papera jokatzen du, kirol ekipamenduan ezezik, pelotariek eskuazpietan jartzen dituzten babesetan. Lan honek horri buruzko ikerkuntza aurkeztuko du. Babesgailu gisa Sylomer deituriko poliuretano mikrozelularra proposatuko da, honen elastizitateari, urarekiko erresistentziari eta karga-heina zabalari esker material paregabea izan daitekeena. Pilotan adituak diren Larrabetzuko Olarreta pilota elkarteko kide batzuen laguntzaz, dentsitate desberdineko poliuretanoekin probak egingo dira egokiena aukeratzeko asmoz eta gaur egun horretarako erabiltzen diren PVC aparreko materialarekin eskuratzen diren emaitzekin alderatuz. Era honetan erabakiko da Sylomerrari buruzko ikerkuntzarekin jarraitzeak merezi duen, edo ostera, materiala baztergarria den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42009,2020-03-09,"The main objectives of this Final Degree Project are the realization of a rubric to analyze the free-choice-spaces of science, to make a diagnosis of the interior and exterior spaces of some schools of Vitoria-Gasteiz with the help of those rubrics and to do a practical proposal with all the information collected above. For this, in the first place, there will be a broad theoretical framework on scientific literacy and science spaces of free choice. Afterward, the objectives of this work will be established. Following that, the carried out methodology to achieve these objectives will be explained, such as, the broad bibliography that has been used, the meetings that have been held, the training that has been done, the observations that have been made in the schools… Finally, the obtained results will be presented. In these results the rubrics made to analyze the interior and exterior spaces, the diagnoses made in schools and the comparison between them and the practical proposal made taking into account all the above can be found. Along with this, the conclusions made during this process and the achieved results will be presented.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburuak aukera askeko zientzia espazioak (AAZE) ebaluatzeko errubrika bat diseinatzea, errubrika horrekin Gasteizko Haur Hezkuntzako eskola batzuetan barne espazioen eta kanpo eremuen diagnostikoa egitea eta bildutako informazioarekin proposamen praktiko bat egitea da. Gaia modu egokian kokatzeko, lehenik eta behin, alfabetatze zientifikoaren eta aukera askeko zientzia espazioen inguruko marko teoriko sakon bat jaso da. Aipatutako helburuak erdiesteko erabilitako metodologia azaldu egin da, alderdi guztiak jorratuz. Besteak beste, egindako bilaketa bibliografiko sakona, izandako bilerak, egindako formakuntzak, eskoletan egindako behaketak eta abar. Helburuei erantzunez, hainbat emaitza lortu izan dira. Emaitza horietan barne espazioak eta kanpo eremuak aztertzeko sortutako errubrikak, eskoletan egindako diagnosiak eta hauen analisiak jaso dira, baita hauetan oinarrituz bultzatutako proposamen praktikoa ere. Emaitza hauen gaineko hausnarketa sakon baten bidez, ondorio interesgarriak jasotzen ditu lan honek. Horiek Haur Hezkuntzan Zientzia Hezkuntza bultzateko erabateko interesa islatzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73355,2025-05-07,"Cooperative learning, in which students use different communication strategies, has been shown to have many benefits in terms of student learning, and by meeting the requirements of the educational curriculum, it turns out to be a great learning method. That is why the aim of this study was to establish meaningful interactions between peers in order to analyse the interaction strategies used by these students. Specifically, in order to analyse 20 pupils in a 5-year-old classroom of a public school where Basque is taught through the linguistic immersion programme and where the pupils' native language is Spanish, Basque or both. For this purpose, an intervention was carried out in pairs. The pairs, which were formed according to their native language, performed two communicative tasks and their interaction was recorded. For the analysis of the data, the interaction strategies were classified and counted in categories and, finally, the percentages were obtained. The results show a higher number of used strategies related to linguistic involvement and, in general, the couple that has Spanish as their mother tongue has been the one that has used the most strategies. Based on these results, some suggestions have been proposed for the linguistic didactics of this stage.","Frogatu denez, ikaskuntza kooperatiboak, non ikasleek hainbat komunikazio-estrategia erabiltzen dituzten, onura asko ditu ikasleen ikaskuntzari dagokionez, eta hezkuntza-curriculumeko baldintzak betetzen dituenez, ikasteko metodo ezin hobea da. Horiek horrela, azterketa honen helburua berdinen arteko interakzio esanguratsuak ezartzea izan da, ikasle horiek erabiltzen dituzten interakzio estrategiak aztertzeko. Zehazki, ikastetxe publiko bateko 5 urteko ikasgela bateko 20 ikasle aztertu dira, non euskara irakasten den murgiltzen programan eta haien ama-hizkuntza gaztelania, euskara edo biak diren. Horretarako, esku-hartze bat egin zen, bikoteka. Ama-hizkuntzaren arabera osatuta zeuden bikoteek bi ataza komunikatibo bete zituzten eta haien interakzioa grabatu zen. Datuak aztertzeko, interakzio estrategiak kategorietan sailkatu eta zenbatu ziren, eta, azkenik, ehunekoak atera ziren. Emaitzen arabera, gehiago dira hizkuntza inplikazioari lotutako estrategien erabilpena eta, oro har, gaztelania ama-hizkuntza duen bikotea izan da estrategia gehien erabili dituena. Emaitza hauei erreparatuta, etapa honetako hizkuntza didaktikarako iradokizun batzuk proposatu dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16302,2015-12-02,The purpose of this project is to model the behavior of elastomers using finite element method. This modeling is necessary due to the complexity of elastomers and their large differences with more commonly used materials in mechanical engineering. The aim is to calculate the stiffness of the material and model their behavior.,Lan honen helburua material elastomeroko portaera elementu mugatuko metodoaren bitartez analizatzea da. Analisi hau beharrezkoa da elastomeroen konplexutasunagatik eta bere portaera ohikoa ez delako ingenieritzan erabiltzen diren materialen artean. Materialaren zurruntasuna kalkulatzea eta bere portaera modelizatzea da helburua. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59971,2023-02-20,"Emotional education is a discipline that is constantly evolving, but which, to date, is still not given the importance it really has in Early Childhood Education. For this reason, the aim of this study is to find out about the training and attitudes of early childhood education teachers, as well as what they do in the classroom to work in this area. To this end, a questionnaire was drawn up to which this group of teachers responded anonymously. The results obtained indicate that teachers show a favourable attitude towards emotional education, an aspect they work on practically on a daily basis in the classroom, but little training in this area, despite their interest in it. Therefore, the pending issue is the training of teachers themselves, a key aspect in order to improve, in turn, the emotional education of Early Childhood Education pupils.","Hezkuntza emozionala etengabe eboluzionatzen ari den diziplina da, baina gaur egun oraindik ez zaio ematen Haur Hezkuntzan benetan duen garrantzia. Horregatik, lan honen helburua da Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleen prestakuntza eta jarrerak ezagutzea, baita ikasgelan arlo hori lantzeko egiten dutena ere. Horretarako, galdetegi bat egin zen, eta kolektibo horrek modu anonimoan erantzun zion. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, irakasleek hezkuntza emozionalaren aldeko jarrera erakusten dute. Alderdi hori ia egunero lantzen dute ikasgelan, baina horri buruzko prestakuntza eskasa da, nahiz eta interesa izan. Beraz, gainditu gabeko irakasgaia irakasleen prestakuntza da, Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleen emozio-hezkuntza hobetzeko funtsezko alderdia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25429,1999,"Some interesting questions about judicial Police are discussed. From the point of view of the Law in the matter, it is exhaustively analysed the judicial Police’s composition, the intervention’s principles and its main functions. Likewise, it is searched for the response to the questions about its control and dependence, analysing the Constitution and the Organic Law of Judicial Power.","Polizia judizialari buruz interesgarriak diren gai batzuk eztabaidatzen dira. Hari buruz dagoen legepidearekin, bere antolamendua, jarraipideak eta funtzio nagusiak aztertzen dira. Aginte judizialaren Lege organikoa eta Konstituzioa aztertuz, Polizia judizialaren kontrola eta dependentziari buruz, hainbat eta hainbat alditan, planteatu izan diren galdegaien erantzunak bilatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43105,2020-05-08,"(Inglés) Wind turbines are electric generators powered by then wind, taking advantage of the pressure difference on both sides of the blade. These wind turbines are distinguished in two types according to the position of the axis of rotation of the propeller: VAWT and HAWT. Currently, due to the limitation of available locations and the environmental restrictions to place a wind turbine, various concepts arise to place them offshore. These concepts are distinguished in three groups: semi-submersible platforms – buoyancy stabilized, tension leg platforms – mooring line stabilized and spar buoy – ballast stabilized. In this Final Degree Work, the wind turbine blade is designed and simulated in Star CCM+ Software to validate it. In order to validate the design, the power generated in the simulation is compared with de theoretical power. On the other hand, a prototype of a semi-submersible offshore platform is simulated in the same simulator. In this study, the platform is placed in a wave environment and the corresponding loads of the wind turbine are applied, and the inclination and the vertical movement of the structure are analysed.","(Euskera) Aerosorgailuak haizearen indarrarekin mugitutako sorgailu elektrikoak dira, perfilaren bi alboetako presio desberdintasuna erabiliz. Aerosorgailuak bi taldeetan bereizten dira biraketa ardatzaren posizioaren arabera: VAWT eta HAWT. Gaur egun, turbina eolikoak kolokatzeko leku mugaketa eta ingurumen murrizpenen ondorioz, kontzeptu desberdinak sortzen dira itsasoan kokatzeko. Kontzeptu hauek hiru taldeetan bereizten dira: semi-submersible platforms – buoyancy stabilized, tension leg platforms – mooring line stabilized y spar buoy – ballast stabilized. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, aerosorgailuaren palaren diseinua egiten da, eta Star CCM+ sofwtarean simulatzen da diseinua balioztatzeko. Balioztatze honetan, simulazioan sortutako potentzia, potentzia teorikoarekin alderatzen da. Beste alde batetik, Offshore plataforma semiurperagarri bat simulatzen da simulagailu berdinean. Ikerketa honetan, plataforma olatu ingurumen baten jartzen da eta aerosorgailuari dagozkion kargak ezartzen dira, egituraren inklinazioa eta mugimendu bertikala aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22255,2017-07-21T10:20:18Z,"The photo project Pauxa tries to picture the invisible from the perception and feelings of a blind person, thus creating a group of images and stories. Therefore, to know how a blind person perceives the world, first of all, the source and construction of the images were studied. Then, a trip was taken, in order to look for new stimuli far from everyday routine, and a photographic memory of that trip was also made. On the one hand, the context of a given moment was photographed; on the other hand, there was the representation of what a blind person could feel at that very moment. At the same time, while learning that taking pictures is not only about seeing but also about smelling, touching, feeling...the rest of the senses have been given great importance: touch, smell, hearing,… even feeling have been included in the project.","Pauxa argazki-proiektua ikusezina dena erretratatzean datza pertsona itsu baten pertzepzio eta sentsazioaren ikuspuntutik, argazki eta istorio multzoa osatuz. Hala, itsu batek mundua zelan antzematen duen ezagutzeko, lehenik irudien sormenaren jatorria ikertu eta horiek zelan eraikitzen diren aztertu da. Ondoren errutinatik kanpo estimulu berriak bilatzeko, bidai bat burutu da eta bidai horren memoria argazkietan islatu da. Alde batetik, une jakin bateko testuingurua erretratatuz eta bestetik, momentu horretan pertsona itsu batek antzematen zuenaren errepresentazioa eginez. Era berean, argazkilariak argazkigintza begiratzea soilik ez dela ikasterakoan, hau da, usaintzea, ukitzea, entzutea, sentitzea.. ere argazki baten parte dela antzematerakoan, zentzumenei berebiziko garrantzia eman die entzumena, ukimena, usaimena eta baita sentimena ere proiektuari gaineratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14357,2015-02-06,"This work is about the exergetic analysisis of a microcogeneration plant designed to satisfy the sanitary hot water demand of an apartment block. The hot water is generated by a boiler that has a variable output and a microcogeneration unit that produces 5 kW of electricity and 12 kW of thermal energy. The exergetic analysis carried out in this study allows to determinate how efficient the use of the fuel is in the case of the microcogeneration plant, and compare it to the case of a conventional plant.","Lan hau etxebizitza sail bateko ur bero sanitarioko eskakizuna estaltzeko diseinatuta dagoen mikrokogenerazio-instalazioaren analisi exergetikotan datza. Ur bero sanitarioa, energía termikoaren ekoizpen aldagarria duen galdara batek eta 5 kW elektrikoak eta 12 kW termikoak ekoizten dituen mikrokogenerazio makina batek sortzen dute. Lan egiten den analisi exergetikoari esker erregaiko erabileraren eraginkortasuna zehaz daiteke eta planta konbentzional batenarekin erka daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/7985,2007,"In this paper, I review five issues that illustrate the evolution of the death penalty in the Crown of Castile during the Middle Ages. First, I explain the shift from the private way to do justice to the public one, linking with the cases where revenge was officially maintained, after achieving the judge’s permission. Second, I review the ways of applying death penalty, focussing on the following: hanging by the feet, arrow shooting, drowning, and culleum. Third, I describe the ritual put in practise during the execution of death penalty, from the time when the convicted criminal leaves the jail and is lead to the scaffold, to the time when the body is buried or exposed until it decomposed. Forth, I provide some thoughts about the role of the accused’s rebelliousness or contempt of court as for the application of justice with respect to death penalty. And finally, I analyse the circumstances that led the Crown of Castile, from the 15th century, to relegate death penalty to a secondary place in the collection of possible punishments, and to prefer ways of punishing that conveyed some public utility.","Artikulu honek Erdi Aroan Gaztelako Koroan ezarritako heriotza-zigorraren garapena azaltzen duten bost galdera aztertzen ditu. Lehenik eta behin, justiziaren ezarpen pribatutik publikora igarotzeko bidea du aztergai, mendekuari zein kasutan eutsi zitzaion adierazita –epailek baimendutakoa izanik ere. Bigarrenik, heriotza-zigorra ezartzeko moduak jorratzen ditu, mota hauei lehentasuna emanik: hanketatik zintzilikatzea, geziak jaurtiz hiltzea, uretan itotzea eta upeleratzea. Azkenik, heriotza-zigorrak gauzatzeko erritua du aztergai: erruztatua kartzelatik ateratzen denetik, urkamendira eraman eta gorpua hobiratu edo jendaurrean erakusgai utzi artekoa. Ondoren, justiziak heriotza-zigorra eskatzean, akusatuak epaiari ihes egiten edo aurre egiten saiatzen ote zen aztertzen du. Azkenik, Gaztelako Koroak XV. mendearen azken herenetik aurrera heriotza-zigorra zehapen-aukeretatik baztertzeko eta erabilera publikoa zuten beste zigor mota batzuk aukeratzeko zergatiak ditu langai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25362,1999,"This work starts making an analysis of the unity between science and practice in different subjects like Biology and Ecology, to analyse afterwards this relationship in penal and penitentiary Law, and in Criminology.","Artikulu hau zientzia eta praktikaren arteko loturaren analisiarekin hasten da, Biologia eta Ekologia abiapuntutzat harturik, gero erlazio hau Zuzenbide Penal, Presondegi Zuzenbide eta Kriminologian aztertzeko" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54106,2021-11-25,"This document aims to underline the importance of scientific literacy during the years of compulsory education, with emphasis on the age of 5 years, with experimentation, enquiry, and scientific conversation in mind. To this end, it describes an educational context based mainly on the care of ants, taking as a reference the pedagogical thinking of the Escuela Nueva. The objective of the proposal is to encourage the acquisition of scientific work habits while at the same time trying to improve the insect model of the children with whom it has been carried out. In order to promote meaningful and effective learning, which allows for the activation and application of diverse knowledge in other life situations where it is necessary, the progression of the Big Ideas of Science Education has been considered at all times, so it can be said that this work is intended to be a kind of initiation into these.","Dokumentu honen bidez alfabetatze zientifikoaren garrantzia azpimarratu nahi da derrigorrezko hezkuntzan, esperimentazioa, ikerketa eta elkarrizketa zientifikoa kontuan hartuta. Horretarako, inurrien zaintzan oinarritzen den eta 5 urteko adinari zehazki zuzenduta dagoen hezkuntza-testuingurua deskribatzen du lan honek, Eskola Berriaren ikuspuntua erreferentzia gisa hartuz. Proposamenaren helburua lan zientifikoaren ohituren lorpena sustatzea da, eta, aldi berean, haurrek duten intsektu-eredua hobetzea edo sortzea. Ikaskuntza esanguratsu eta eraginkor bat lortzeko, baita eskuratu dituzten ezagutzak bizitzaren egoera ezberdinetan aktibatzea ahalbidetzeko asmoarekin, Zientzia Hezkuntzaren Ideia Nagusien progresioa aintzat hartu da momentu orotan, beraz, lana ideia hauen hastapena izaten saiatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37092,2019-12-19,"In out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) episodes, the patient's chance of survival can be increased if an immediate defibrillation is performed when necessary. In these situations the use of automatic external defibrillators is essential. These devices record and automatically analyze the patient's electrocardiogram (ECG) and, in case of detecting a shockable rhythm, they advise and apply defibrillation. The aim of this project was to carry out a defibrillation recommendation algorithm (DRA) based on machine learning. The work database was created using 4212 5-second-long ECG segments belonging to 855 patients from the Basque Autonomous Community. The work database was divided into two subgroups. The training subset was formed by 60% of the patients and the test subset by the remaining 40%. The ECG segments were band-pass-filtered (1 -30 Hz), features were extracted and, based on these, the DRA was developed. This DRA had two stages. The first one was an asystolic (AS) detector, which decided wheter the ECG segment belonged to an AS or not by analyzing the power of the ECG. If it did not, the segment was analyzed by the ventricular fibrillation (VF) detector, which constituted the second stage. The FV detector was based on a hidden Markov model (HMM) and classified the rhythms as defibrillable or non-defibrillable based on the extracted features. The optimization of the algorithm was done by using the training subset. The optimum power threshold of the AS detector was obtained after an exhaustive search in a specific interval. The optimization of the FV detector, was developed by approaching the progressive envelope that used a 10-iteration cross validation. Using the test subset, the performance of the algorithm was calculated according to sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) metrics. The training/test procedure was repeated 50 times in order to estimate the performance metrics' distribution. The results obtained were compared with those obtained by a commercial algorithm. The performance of the algorithm was of mean (standard deviation) SE=97.7% (1.0) and SP=99.1% (0.4), while the performance of the commercial algorithm, SE=94.2% (1.3) and SP=99.8 (0.1). Both methods met the minimum conditions required by the American Heart Association (SE>90% and SP>95%). However, the DRA presents an improvement of 3.5 points in the SE metric and only a 0.7 point disappovement in SP when compared with the commercial algorithm. Therefore, it is concluded that a defibrillation recommendation algorithm based on the HMM is capable of accurately classifying both defibrillable and non-defibrillable rhythms in episodes of OHCA and could definitely improve the performance of commercial algorithms.","Ospitalez kanpoko bihotz-biriketako geldialdi (OKBBG) episodioetan pazienteen biziraupen probabilitatea handitu daiteke baldin eta beharrezkoa den kasuetan desfibrilazioa goiztiarra ematen bada. Egoera hauetan kanpoko desfibriladore automatikoak funtsezko tresnak dira. Gailu hauek pazientearen elektrokardiograma (EKG) erregistratu, automatikoki aztertu eta desfibrilagarria den erritmoren bat detektatuz gero, desfibrilazioa gomendatu eta aplikatzen dute. Proiektuaren helburua, ikasketa automatikoan oinarritutako desfibrilazioa gomendatzeko algoritmoaren (DGA) garapena izan zen. Lanerako datu-basea, OKBBGa jasan zuten Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko 885 pazienteeen 5 segunduko 4212 EKG segmentuekin eratu zen. Lanerako datu-basea bi azpimultzotan banatu zen. Entrenamenduko azpimultzoa, pazienteen %60az osoturik eta ebaluaketarako azpimultzoa pazienteen %40az eraturik. EKG segmentuak banda pasa iragazi ziren (1-30 Hz), EKGtik ezaugarriak erauzi ziren eta horietan oinarritutako DGA garatu zen. Bi etapaz osoturik zegoen. Lehenengoa, asistolia (AS) detektorea zeinak EKGaren potentzia aztertuz erabakitzen zuen EKGa AS bati zegokion ala ez. AS bezala ez detektatzekotan, segmentua DGAren bigarren etapan, fibrilazio bentrikular (FB) detektorera pasatzen zen. FB detektorea Markoven eredu ezkutuetan (MEE) oinarritutako algoritmo batean oinarrituta zegoen eta segmentuak desfibrilagarri ala ez-desfibrilagarri bezala sailkatzen zituen erauzitako EKG ezaugarrien arabera. DGAren optimizazioa entrenamenduko azpimultzoarekin egin zen. Optimizazioak AS detektorearen potentzia atalasea finkatzea eta FB detektoreak erabilitako ezaugarrien aukeraketa egitea zuen helburu. AS detektorearen potentzia atalase optimoa tarte espezifiko batean bilaketa eginez egin zen. FB detektorearena, 10 iteraziodun baliozkatze gurutzatua erabiltzen zuen aurreranzko inguratzailearen hurbilketaren bidez egin zen. Ebaluaketarako azpimultzoa erabiliz, DGAren errendimendua sentsibilitate (SE) eta espezifizitate (SP) metriken arabera egin zen. Entrenamendu/ebaluaketa prozedura 50 aldiz errepikatu zen errendimendu metriken banaketa estimatzeko. Lortutako emaitzak algoritmo komertzial batek lortutakoen aurka konparatu ziren. DGAren errendimendua, batazbestekoa (desbideraketa estandarra) SE=97.7% (1.0) eta SP=99.1% (0.4) izan ziren eta algoritmo komertzialak SE=%94.2 (1.3) eta SP=%99.8 (0.1). Biek Amerikako Bihotz Elkarteak eskatutako baldintza minimoak (SE>%90 eta SP>%95) bete zituzten. Hala ere, DGAk SE metrikari dagokionez 3.5 puntuko hobekuntza aurkezten du eta soilik 0.7 puntuko jaitsiera algoritmo komertzialari dagokionez. Beraz, MEEan oinarritutako DGA batek zehaztasunez sailkatzen ditu erritmo desfibrilagarri eta ez-desfibrilagarriak OKBBG episodioetan eta algoritmo komertzialen errendimendua hobetu dezake." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27347,1998,"A reflection on the execution’s form of the penal sanctions is carried out. First, it’s observed the fact that the jail is based on a conception of the penal right as science of the punishment and it offers dissatisfactories results in order to delinquency’s reduction. This text exposes and comments the purpose of the punishment and of its execution, but it insitst too on the crticism to the pedagogical socializator system, that employes the “regulation-treatment” structure.",": Zigor penalak betetzeko eraz, gogoeta bat egiten da. Horretarako, gaiztakeriaren murrizte gaian dauden ondorio desatseginak ikusi eta gartzela, Zuzenbide penala zigor zientzia bezala hartzen duen definizioan sostengatzen den gertaera aztertu ondoren, zigorren eta hauek betetzearen helburua azaldu eta komentatzen dira eta berbaltzuratze azpisistema pedagogikoaren aplikaziorako balio duen araubidetratamentu egituraren kritikari ekiten zaio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36528,2019-11-27,"Abstract: this project carries out the theoretical study and hardware construction, including a description of the design and the simulation process, of a battery charger for low-power portable electronic applications powered by photovoltaic solar energy or electricity grid. To that end, this technical document begins by establishing initial objectives to be met in the development of the project on the basis of initial requirements. A structural design of the battery charger body is then carried out. In this way, the work is differentiated into four parts, such as obtaining electrical energy, converting power, charging the batteries and adapting to the output of the circuit, or charging a portable device. In order to be able to design each of these parts, a work of documentation has been done, study of alternatives to finish up with a solution chosen, after carrying out calculations to select the specific components of each part. Lastly, this technical document sets out the conclusions based on the results obtained, detailing the economic cost of carrying out this project, as well as the management of the times of completion. The final prototype charges Ni-MH batteries either by photovoltaic energy or by connecting to the electricity grid. This energy, if it comes from the electrical network, is adapted by means of a linear power source. On the other hand, photovoltaic energy does not need to be adapted, but it has a voltage level indicator to know the state of the power of the panels in real time. The incoming energy is adapted to the requirements of the charge controller circuit by means of a DC-DC buck converter. The DS2715 integrated circuit is used for optimum battery charging. At the output, a linear regulator adapts the battery voltage to the permissible 5 V via a USB port that can power low-power portable devices. Throughout the development of the project, the different structural parts have been first designed and second simulated using NI Multisim 14.0; once the correct functioning of the circuits has been verified in simulation, an initial assembly has been carried out on protoboards. Once the operation of the circuits has been verified in reality, a final prototype is manufactured on PCB printed cards, for which the layouts have been designed using the NI Ultiboard 14.0 program.","Laburpena: proiektu honek bai eguzki-energia fotovoltaikoz, bai sare elektrikoz elikatzen den potentzia baxuko aplikazio elektroniko eramangarrietarako bateria-kargagailu bat sortzeko ikerketa teorikoa eta hardware muntaketa garatzen ditu; horretarako, diseinu-prozesua eta simulazioak lantzen ditu. Horretarako, dokumentu tekniko honetan zehaztapen batzuk jarraitzen dira, lehenik eta behin, eskakizun batzuk ezagututa proiektuaren garapenerako abiapuntu izango diren helburu batzuk ezartzen dira. Gero, bateria-kargailuaren estruktura zehazteko lana finkatuko da. Honela, lana lau zatitan bereizten da: energia elektrikoaren lorpena, potentzia-konbertsioa, bateriaren kargatze prozesua eta zirkuituaren irteeraren egokitzapena, edo gailua eramangarriaren karga. Zati hauetako bakoitza diseinatu ahal izateko, dokumentazio-lana, alternatiba-ikerketa eta soluzioa aukera burutu dira, atal bakoitzean espezifikoak diren osagaiak aukeratzeko kalkuluak eginez. Azkenik, dokumentu tekniko honetan honako atal hauek ere lantzen dira: proiektua gauzatzeak dakarren kostu ekonomikoa, Gantt diagramaren bitartez atalez ataleko gauzatze-epeak eta lortutako emaitzen araberako ondorioak. Bukaerako prototipoak Ni-MH-zko bateriak energia fotovoltaikoz zein sare elektrikora konektatuz kargatzea ahalbidetzen du. Energia sare elektrikotik etorriz gero, berau elikadura linealeko iturri baten bitartez moldatzen da; energia fotovoltaikoak ez du egokitzapenik behar, tentsio maila adierazle batek ordea, momentuko potentziaren berri emango du. Zirkuitura sartzen den energia karga-zirkuituaren beharrizanetara moldatuko du DC-DC motako buck bihurgailu batek. Baterietako karga optimizatzeko, DS2715 integratua erabiltzen da. Irteeran, erreguladore lineal batek baterien tentsioa USB atakek behar duten 5 V-etara bihurtuko du, potentzia baxuko gailu eramangarriak elikatzeko. Proiektuaren garapenean zehar, egituraren atal desberdinak diseinatu egin dira, eta gero, simulatu Multisim 14.0 programa erabilita; behin simulazioan funtzionamendu zuzena egiaztatuta, zirkuituen hasierako muntaketa egin da protoboard eta proba-txarteletan. Txarteletan ere funtzionamendu egokia probatu ostean prototipoa fabrikatu da PCB txartel inprimatua euskarri izanda; horretarako, NI etxeko Ultiboard 14.0 programa erabili da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/48526,2020-11-20,"This work aims to analyse the keys to the Weimar Republic (1918-1933), the po-litical and social system that emerged in Germany after its defeat in the Great War. De-spite its turbulent origins, the new republic could have become a European point of ref-erence because of the democratic spirit and social content that inspired its constitution. But this was not the case. The pressure of the winners to collect their war debts and the lack of basic consensus among the Germans themselves ended up frustrating such a promising social and political experiment. The political, economic and socio-cultural aspects that led to this great disappointment will be explained with the help of the spe-cialized bibliography. Perhaps the ultimate explanation for the failure of the historical experience lies in the fact that Weimar, as has ironically been said more than once, was a republic without republicans. Keywords: Germany, Weimar Republic, political and social history","EUS] Lan honek Weimarko errepublikaren(1918-1933) gakoak aztertzea proposatzen du, hau da, Lehen Mundu Gerran galdu ondoren Alemanian sortu zen sistema politiko eta soziala. Jatorri nahasia izan arren, errepublika berria Europako erreferente bilaka zitekeen, bere eraketa eragin zuen borondate demokratikoagatik eta eduki sozialagatik. Baina ez zen horrela izan. Gerra zorrak kobratzeko garaileen presioak eta alemaniarren beraien arteko oinarrizko adostasun faltak hain etorkizun oparoa zuen esperimentu sozial eta politikoa zapuztu zuten. Bibliografia espezializatuaren laguntzaz, etsipen handi horretara eraman zuten alderdi politikoak, ekonomikoak eta soziokulturalak azalduko dira. Agian, esperientzia historikoaren porrotaren azken azalpena, Weimar, ironikoki behin baino gehiagotan esan den bezala, errepublikarrik gabeko errepublika izan zela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29202,2018-10-22,"Abstract: Many of the incidents associated with the electrical system are characterized by their own forms of tension and intensity and characteristics of the phenomenon that causes them. These phenomena can seriously affect the electrical installations, conditioning their correct operation, which is why they must be detected in order to act accordingly. A possible way to detect this phenomenon is the identification of the waveform of the voltage and current signals. To this effect, you can use different mathematical tools such as “The Wavelet Transform” or the use of artificial intelligence techniques. The objective of this paper is to study this type of mathematical tools and apply them in the characterization of certain electrical signals. The Matlab commercial program will be used as a computer support.","Laburpena: Sistema elektrikoaren arazo askok arazoa eragiten duen fenomenoaren ezaugarriez gain, tentsioa edo intentsitatea duten formek ere sortzen dute. Fenomeno hauek eragin handia dute instalazio elektrikoetan. Hori dela eta, garrantzitsua da lehen bait lehen detektatzea. Hori seinaleen uhinen tentsioa eta intensitatea ikertzen lortzen da. Horretarako, matematikak eskaintzen dituen tresnak erabili daitezke; hala nola, wavelet transformatua edo adimen artifizialen teknikak. Lan honen helburua tresna matematiko horiek ikertzea eta hauek seinale elektrikoetan aplikatzea da. Laguntza informatiko moduan MATLAB deritzon merkataritza programa erabiliko da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17678,2016-03-16,"The study poses a quantitative examination on the issue of how primary school children grasp the Newton´s laws of motion. To that end, the knowledge on this topic expressed by 94 children by means of a modified version of the FCI (Force Concept Inventory) test is examined. The results seem to be in line with those undertaken in international arena which point out, on the one hand, that there is no difference between boys and girls concerning the understanding of Newton's laws and, on the other hand, that the Newton´s laws are not similarly understood","Lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleek fisikaren barnean Newtonen mugimenduen legeei buruz zer dakitenaren azterketa kuantitatibo bat egitea izan da. Horretarako, Gernika-Lumoko Seber Altube ikastolako 94 ikasleri Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleentzat moldatutako FCI (Force Concept Inventory) testa pasatu zitzaien, ondoren emaitzak aztertzeko. Egindako ikerketan aurkitutako emaitzek, aurretiaz gai honi buruz izan diren lanekin bat egiten dute, generoaren araberako ezberdintasunak baztertuz eta Newtonen legeen artean emaitzen arteko ezberdintasun esanguratsuak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57129,2022-08-02,"Abstract: In this work, the process to automated detection, contour tracing and export of a model obtained by topology optimization to a CAD file, will be describe with the objective of using it to manufacture parts through additive manufacturing. This process consists of devising a method able to interpret the results of topology optimization using a set of algorithms programmed in \textit{Python} language, and taking traditional image processing methods as a reference. The algorithms will be divided into a series of processes that will begin by filtering the data to obtain a binary image, distinguishing each of the holes or empty domains, extracting the limits of each contour and applying the necessary techniques for smoothing and simplifying the contours. These algorithms, although based on other algorithms with different purposes, is a specific method for two-dimensional topology optimization solutions with square elements. Finally, taking advantage of the fact that the FreeCAD software integrates the Python language by default to create parts using code, the data obtained from the previous processes will be used to generate the corresponding CAD model.","Laburpena: Lan honetan, CAD fitxategi batera optimizazio topologikoaren bidez lortutako modelo bat detektatzeko, inguruak trazatzeko eta esportatzeko prozesu automatizatua deskribatuko da. Piezak fabrikazio gehigarriaren bidez fabrikatzeko helburuarekin. Prozesu hau optimizazio topologikoaren emaitzak \textit {Python} lengoaian programatutako algoritmo-multzo baten bidez interpretatzeko gai den metodo bat asmatzean datza, eta irudiak prozesatzeko metodo tradizionalak erreferentziatzat hartuta. Algoritmoak hainbat prozesutan banatuko dira. Prozesu horiek datuak filtratzen hasiko dira, irudi bitar bat lortzeko, zulo edo domeinu huts bakoitza bereizteko, inguru bakoitzaren mugak ateratzeko eta inguruak leuntzeko eta sinplifikatzeko beharrezko teknikak aplikatzeko. Algoritmo horiek, oinarria helburu desberdineko beste batzuetan hartuta ere, optimizazio topologikoko, bidimentsionaleko eta elementu karratuko soluzioetarako metodo propio eta espezifikoa dira. Azkenik, FreeCAD softwareak kode bidez piezak sortzeko Python lengoaia lehenetsia integratzen duela aprobetxatuz, aurreko prozesuetatik lortutako datuak erabiliko dira dagokion CAD eredua sortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17618,2016-03-15,"Any woman might suffer from Gender-Based Violence (GBV) all along her lifespan. Specific and distinguishing aspects have been studied, revealing that women over 65, victims of GBV, present difficulty when perceiving and breaking with this situation. Based on the conclusions of this analysis, it has been observed that the tackling of this issue requires specialized intervention. Therefore, socio-educative intervention guidelines have been devised as the basis for a reality-adapted, transformative practice.","Edozein emakume jasan dezake genero indarkeria bere bizi-ziklo osoan zehar. 65 urte gorako emakumeak zailtasunak dituzte genero indarkeriaren egoera hautemantzeko eta etenteko. Hau agerian ipintzen duten aldagai bereizgarriak eta berariazko aldagaiak ikertu dira. Lan hauen konklusioek problematika honi aurre egiteko esku-hartze espezializatua behar dela agerian utzi dute. Hortaz, euren errealitatera egokitutako eta eraldatzailea izango den praxi baterako, giza-hezkuntzan esku-hartzerako jarraibide bereziak sortu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31764,2019-02-28,"PISA reports that Spain performs below other OECD countries in reading comprehension. That is why the objective of this research was to verify if students’ poor reading skills are influenced by the lack of use of reading comprehension strategies. In answer to this hypothesis pupils performed, first, a reading comprehension test and, afterwards, a test to measure the readers’ awareness level. Results show that only half of students normally use reading strategies and that their use favours reading comprehension.","PISA txostenak, ELGAko herrialdeekin erkatuz, azken postuetan kokatzen du Espainia irakurmen arloan. Gertaera honek, ikasleen irakurmen maila baxuak, irakurketa estrategia baliatze faltarekin erlazioa ote duen egiaztatzeko beharra sortu zuen. Hipotesi honi erantzuna emateko, eskola-umeek irakurmen froga eta, ostean, irakurketa kontzientzia maila neurtzen duen proba burutu zuten. Emaitzek adierazten duten moduan, bakarrik ikasleriaren erdiak irakurketa estrategiak erabiltzen ditu eta bere erabilerak ulermen prozesuan mesede egiten du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29157,2018-10-18,"The present project frames the investigation on the analysis and development of a mechanism that forms the movement of a “compliant” robot, not developed to date. The exposed project is a memory of the development of an idea or prototype that covers the theoretical modeling of a team, which also provides a new solution to the techniques used in the field of engineering. It is a new type of robot based on the deformation of 2 rigid bars that provide a certain freedom of movement to the head or junction point of them. The document includes the dynamic and kinematic aspects that determines the mechanical behavior of the mechanism, as well as its dimensioning, the material with which it is manufactured and the work area it can cover. We also analyze the possible mistakes of calculation that area committed and how to minimize them. Finally, an alternative to the robot is offered, depending on the material for which it is made, and a possible application in current society is proposed.","Proiektu honek, gaur egun garatu barik dagoen robot “betearazlearen” mugimendua osatzen duten mekanismoaren analisia eta gara pena aztertzen du. Lan hau modelizazio teoriko baten ideia edo ereduaren garapenaren memoria da eta baita ere, ingeniaritza arloan erabiltzen diren teknikei konponbide berriak eskaintzeko balio du. Robot mota berri bat da itxuragabetzean dauden 2 barra zur run oinarritzat hartuta, eta aldi berean, barren buruan zein elkartasun puntuan mugimendurako askatasuna duena. Dokumentuan, mekanismoaren jarrera mekanikoa zehazten dituen alderdi dinamikoak zein zinematikoak biltzen dira, eta baita bere hedadura, ze materialaz fabrikatu dan eta lan eremua zehazten dira. Lanean zehar, agertu ahal diren kalkulu akatsak aztertzen dira eta horiek nola minimizatu ahal diren azaltzen dut. Amaitzeko, materialaren arabera robotaren alternatiba bat proposatzen da eta gizartean nola aplikatu ahal den azaltzen dut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34847,2019-07-26,"Abstract: The aimof this project is to evaluate the dried and extracted orujillo, to generate 5MWe of electrical energy in a biomass plant. This residue is burned in a boiler to produce steam and to expand it through a turbine producing electricity, which is known as the Rankine cycle. To get an idea of the size of this project, it will be necessary to describe the management of the waste, a description of the plant and its dimensioning. All this accompanied by an economic study to evaluate its viability.","Laburpena: Proiektuhonen helburua biomasa zentral baten bitartez 5MWe energia elektriko lortzeko, oliba-lapa lehor eta laburtuaren erabilpena balioztatzea da. Hondakin hau galdara baten erretzen da, ur lurruna ekoizteko eta hau turbina baten bitartez zabaldu energia elektrikoa lortzeko, Rankine ziklo bat osatuz. Proiektu honen irispena ezagutzeko, landarearen deskribapena eta dimentsionaketa beharko dira. Hau guztia, azterketa ekonomiko bat gehituta proiektuaren bideragarritasuna balioztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37063,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the main objective of this project is the design, structural calculation and definition at the constructive level of a new industrial building dedicated to serve as an annexed building to a skeet shooting field, located in the munipality of Gumiel de Izán (Burgos). The construction of this warehouse seeks to provide the necessary storage service of the skeet shooting field, as well as to provide a comfort service and social recreation to the clients, giving the accessibility of these uses to the adjoining regions. The building will have a 32 metre long metal structure and 16 meters of light, with a total constructed area of 512 m². It will consist of 6 porticos, whose design will have two gaps of 8 meters, one of 6 and another two of 5 meters. The roof will be gabled with an inclination of 10° and the enclosure will be sandwich panel. The free height of the pillars that make up the porticos will be 8 meters, since 1 meter of these will be buried, being the foundation of them based on isolated reinforced concrete footings joined by tied beams. The building will have a mezzanine area of 256 m², which can be accessed through a metal frame staircase. This area will be destined to the location of a large dining room, a private office and both male and female toilets. In the lower part of the mezzanine will be the hall, the reception/secretary through which will be posible to access to the cold zone, the male and female changing rooms and a lounge that will serve both a recreation area and a meeting area. The rest of the warehouse will be destined to the work of storage of the different tools and necessary materials to carry out the correct operation of the skeet shooting field.","Laburpena: proiektu honen helburu nagusia plater-tiro eremuaren alboko eraikin bezala balio izateko egitura industrial berri bat diseinatzea, kalkulatzea eta definitzea da. Eraikuntza berri hau Gumiel de Izan-eko udalerrian (Burgos) kokatuko da. Aipatutako eraikuntzak tiro eremuari beharrezko biltegiratze zerbitzua ematea bilatuko du, baita bezeroei konfort eta aisia soziala ematea ere, eskualde mugakideei erabilera hauen eskuragarritasuna emanez. Eraikina 32 metroko luzera eta 16 metroko zabalera duen egitura metalikoa izango da, 512 m²-ko azalera izanik. 6 arkupe izango ditu, zeinen diseinua 8 metroko bi baoz eta 5 metroko beste bi baoz osatuta egongo da, beste bakarra 6 metrokoa izanik. Estalkia bi uretara izango da, 10°-ko aldaparekin, itxitura sandwich panelekin eginda egonez. Arkupeak osatzen dituzten zutabeen altuera 8 metrokoa izango da, hauek metro bat lurperatuak egongo baitira; zimendatzea hormigoizko zapata isolatuekin egingo da, beraien artean lotura habeekin lotuta. Eraikinak 256 m²-ko azalera duen solairuarte bat izango du, egitura metalikoko eskailera baten bidez sartuz. Solairu hau tamaina handiko jangela, bulego pribatu bat eta gizonezkoen zein emakumezkoen bainugelak hartzeko zuzendua izango da. Behealdean atondoa, harrera/idazkaritza, gela hotza (idazkaritzatik sartuz), gizonezkoen zein emakumezkoen aldagelak eta bai aisialdi gunea bai bilera gune gisa duen aretoa izango dira. Eraikuntzaren gainerakoa tiro-eremuaren funtzionamendu zuzena burutzeko lanabesa desberdinen eta materialen biltegiratze lanera zuzenduta egongo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67757,2024-05-08,"The well-being of children is a condition that all social agents must ensure, as it is a human right of children. Therefore, the aim of this work is to create a website to support pupils who are suffering or have suffered from child protection in the Early Childhood Education stage in order to offer guidance and materials for teachers and families. In order to achieve this objective, interviews have been conducted with different experts, testimonies have been collected from different education professionals and different bibliographical sources have been analysed. Finally, all the information and different guidelines and resources have been published on the website in order to make the need for child protection visible at a social level.","Haurren ongizatea gizarte eragile guztiek bermatu beharreko baldintza da, umeen giza eskubidea delako. Horregatik, lan honen helburua, Haur Hezkuntzako etapan haurren babesgabetasuna jasaten ari diren edo jaso duten ikasleei laguntzeko webgune bat sortzea irakasleentzako eta familientzako orientabideak eta materialak eskaintzea da. Helburua erdiesteko, aditu desberdini elkarrizketak egin zaizkie, hezkuntzako profesional desberdinen testigantzak jaso dira eta iturri bibliografiko ezberdinak arakatu dira. Azkenik, informazio guztia eta orientabide eta baliabide ezberdinak erabilita sortu den webgunean argitaratu dira haurren babesa gizarte mailan beharrezkoa dela ikustarazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14402,2015-02-12,"This project is about designing and developing a brand new next-generation 112 application. To do this, a study of all possible alternatives is performed, setting the objective of creating an application that is based on new generation networks, better known as NGN. This application will connect to the emergency services (ambulance, fire, police ...), providing the location of the user and, based on this, contact the nearest possible service. Also, with this project we can check if those new emerging technologies can be used for another purpose.","Proiektu honen helburua 112-ko aplikazio berri bat diseinatzea eta garatzea da. Horretarako, ahalik eta alternatiba guztien azterketa bat egiten da, Belaunaldi Berriko Sareekin (NGN) bat lan egiten duen aplikazio baten sorkuntza helburu ezarrita. Aplikazio honek larrialdi zerbitzuekin (anbulantzia, suhiltzaileak, polizia ...) konektatuko da, pertsonaren kokapena esanez eta, informazio honekin, kontaktatu ahalik eta hurbilen dagoen zerbitzuarekin. Era berean, beste helburu bat dauka, ea teknologi berri hauek beste aplikazioetan erabili ahal daitekeen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36590,2019-11-27,"A new phase selector is presented based on the total fault currents for line differential protection. Analysing the theoretical behaviour of fault currents in sequence networks, a selector will be modelled to determine the type of fault and, therefore, the phases that will be affected in each type of fault. With the proposed method, a considerable increase in the sensitivity of the differential protection will be achieved. Furthermore, through simulations both, its reliability and its effectiveness will be verified.","Lineen babes diferentzialetan suertatzen diren guztizko korronteetako faltetan oinarritutako fase-selektore berri bat proposatzen da. Sekuentzia-sareetako falta-korronteen ibilera teorikoa aztertuz, falta-mota zehaztuko duen selektorearen eredua egingo da, eta, hortik, kasu bakoitzean faltagatik eragindako faseak zehaztuko dira. Proposatutako metodoarekin batera, babes-diferentzialeko sentsibilitatearen handipen nabarigarria lortuko da. Gainera, egindako simulazioen bitartez, fidagarritasuna ez ezik, eraginkortasuna ere egiaztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25453,1998,"The videographic proof is already fully recognized by Doctrine and Jurisprudence as an instrument to prove in penal procedure, but some problems can be presented. After explaining the constitutional limits for its obtention, the procedural guarantees that must be respected to its valid incorporation to the action are analysed as well as the proving efficacy of the obtained images to destroy the innocence presumtion of the defendant. Likewise, the Law 4/97, of the 4th of august, that regualtes the videocameras used by Security Forces and Corps in public places is commented.","Doktrinak eta jurisprudentziak jadanik prozesu penalean froga bezala froga bideografiko bezala onartzen dute, hala ere arazoak sortzen dira. Froga horiek lortzeko dauden limite konstituzionalak azaldu ondoren prozesuan barneratzeko errespetatu behar diren berme prozesalak eta egotzitakoaren errugabetasun presuntzio eskubidea deusezteko duen froga balioa, aztertzen dira. Horretaz gain, leku publikoetan, Segurtasun indar eta gorputzek, bideokamarak erabiltzearen erregulazioa egiten den abuztuaren 4-eko lege organiko 4/97-a komentatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/7991,2001,"Throughout the pages of this paper reviews various issues that allow an approach to the various forms of everyday life and mentality of the Basque Country and Navarre during the late Medieval period. These questions refer to the primum vivere, the life cycle, to control the private lives of individuals and communities by public authorities, festivals, superstitions and other aspects of culture such as literature, historiography and art.","Lan honen orrietan zehar, Behe Erdi Aroko Euskal Herriko hainbat gai ikuskatzen dira; halatan, garaiko biztanleen eguneroko bizimoduetara eta pentsamoldera hurbiltzea ahal gara. Gai horien artean hainbat alderdi ukitzen dira: primum vivere edo bizitzaren zikloa, agintariek banakoen bizitza pribatuaren eta komunitatearena bizitza publikoaren gainean ezarritako kontrola, jaiak, sineskeriak, bai eta kulturari dagozkion hainbat alderdi ere, hala nola literatura, historiografia eta artea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50965,2021-04-15,"Since the 1950s, animal-assisted intervention (AAI) has been used to co-help in the psychological treatment of patients. Given the benefits generated in people, this practice, known as animal-assisted therapy (AAT), has nowadays been extended to other areas, such as animal-assisted education (AAE). Although there are numerous examples of the use of AAT as specific interventions for the resolution of specific problems, its use cannot be considered to be generalised. In particular, it is rare to find a framework of application in which AAT pedagogical programmes are developed that coexist with school projects in a stable manner over time. The aim of this Final Degree Project is to describe the problems associated with the introduction of a complete AAE pedagogical programme, as well as to make known the potential of the animal-educatee relationship as a pedagogical tool to facilitate the development of Bisquerra's (2009) emotional competences referenced in the Heiziberri 2020 programme. The implementation of an innovative pedagogical approach requires knowledge of both the expectations and the needs and expectations existing in the possible field of application. This evaluation is carried out on the reality of AAE in early childhood education institutions in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The compilation of the experiences of the main experts in the field of AAE in Spain carried out in the study leads to the presentation of a proposal for a methodology or structured process for the introduction of AAE, the purpose of which is to facilitate the detection and systematic resolution of the problems inherent in the introduction of this innovative tool. The motivation of a proposal of AAE pedagogical intervention presents the introduction of the animal in the classroom as a motivating element and third neutral mediator for the development of emotional competences, through the transitional quality of the object of attachment, Bowlby (1977), Winicott (1994) that is deposited on the animal that co-helps in the educational programme, triggering the secondary model of buffering described in the theory of social mediation (Barrón, 1996; Cohen and Wills, 1985; Cohen and cols, 2000; Gracia and cols, 1995, 2002; Rodriguez, 2001).","Joan den mendeko berrogeita hamarreko hamarkadatik, animaliekin lagundutako esku-hartzea (IAA) erabiltzen hasi zen, pazienteen tratamendu psikologikoari laguntzeko. Pertsonengan sortutako onurak direla eta, praktika hori, animaliekin lagundutako terapia (AAA) bezala ezagutzen dena, gaur egun beste eremu batzuetara zabaldu da, animaliekin lagundutako hezkuntzara adibidez (EAA). EAA problematika espezifikoak konpontzeko esku-hartze puntual gisa erabiltzearen adibide ugari dauden arren, erabilera hori ezin da orokortutzat jo. Bereziki, ez da oso ohikoa EAA programa pedagogikoak garatzea, eskolen proiektuekin modu egonkorrean bat egiten dutenak. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua EAA programa pedagogiko oso bat sartzeari lotutako problematika deskribatzea da, bai eta animalia-hezkuntza harremanaren potentzialtasuna ezagutaraztea ere, Heiziberri 2020 programan aipatutako Bisquerraren (2009) konpetentzia emozionalen garapena errazteko tresna pedagogiko gisa. Ikuspegi pedagogiko berritzaile bat praktikan jartzeko, beharrezkoa da jakitea zer behar eta itxaropen dauden aplikazio-eremu posiblean. Ebaluazio hori Gasteizko haurhezkuntzako erakundeetako EAAko errealitateari buruz egiten da. Era berean, Espainiako estatuko IAAren esparruko aditu nagusien esperientziak biltzen dituen azterlana egin da, eta, horren ondorioz, EAA sartzeko metodologiaren edo prozesu egituratuaren proposamen bat aurkezten da. Proposamen horren helburua tresna berritzaile hau sartzeak berekin dakarren problematika hautematea eta sistematikoki ebaztea da. EAA esku-hartze pedagogikorako proposamen baten motibazioak aurkezten du animalia ikasgeletan sartu izana konpetentzia emozionalak garatzeko elementu motibatzaile eta hirugarren bitartekari neutral gisa, atxikimendu-objektuaren ezaugarri trantsizionalaren bidez, Bowlby (1977), Winicott (1994), zeina hezkuntza-programan laguntzen duen animaliaren gainean uzten baita, teorian deskribatutako bigarren mailako moteltze-eredua sortuz. Cohen eta Cols, 2000; Gracia eta Cols., 1995, 2002; Rodríguez, 2001)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67917,2024-05-10,"This project is about the evolution of the methods by which there was a breakthrough in the development of metal structures during the 19th and early 20th century. At the same time, this document will be accompanied by recommendations for the rehabilitation and characterisation of these structures. Structural elements not only end up presenting pathologies that worsen their resistance behaviour, but also the design stresses are altered due to the constant updating of regulations.","Proiektu honek egitura metalikoen garapenean aurrerapen handia izan zuten metodoen bilakaera aztertzen du XIX. mendea eta XX. mendearen hasieran zehar. Era berean, dokumentuarekin batera, egitura metalikoak birgaitzeko eta karakterizatzeko gomendioak emango dira. Egitura-elementuek, erresistentzia-portaera okerragotzen duten patologiak izateaz gain, eskaerak ere aldatu egiten dira araudia eguneratzearen ondorioz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55061,2022-01-18,"In this Final Degree Project, the aim is to explore the educational benefits of musical stories, based on movement, as a pedagogical tool in Early Childhood Education, taking into account the competences appearing in the curriculum. Furthermore, due to the situation of Covid19 , taking into account the restrictions in the methodology of the centre observed, we have tried to enhance and reclaim the limited musical sessions, project- and free movement-based learning and interdisciplinarity, implementing an intervention in a 5 year old classroom. Therefore, in this FDP, qualitative methodology is utilised, using observations, interviews and the teacher's diary. Lastly, regarding results and conclusions, it has been shown that the integration of the different aspects of the curriculum has been reinforced in a playful and creative way, promoting students' comprehensive development. Improvements on the lack of resources and on the less worked curricular competences are also mentioned.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, mugimenduan oinarritutako, ipuin musikalak Haur Hezkuntzako tresna pedagogiko gisa dituen hezkuntza onurak arakatu nahi dira, curriculumean agertzen diren gaitasunak kontuan hartuz. Gainera, Covid19-aren egoera dela eta, behatutako ikastetxearen metodologian egondako murrizketak kontuan izanda, mugatutako musika saioak, proiektuetan eta zirkulazio librean oinarritutako ikaskuntza edota diziplinartekotasuna, indartzen saiatu gara, 5 urteko gela batean esku-hartze bat inplementatuz. Beraz, GRAL honetan metodologia kualitatiboaz baliatu eta behaketak, elkarrizketak eta irakaslearen egunerokoa erabili dira. Azkenik, emaitza eta ondorioei dagokienez, frogatu da curriculumaren alderdi ezberdinen integrazioa modu ludiko eta sortzaile batean indartu dela, ikaslearen garapen integrala erraztuz. Gutxiago landu diren curriculumeko konpetentzia eta baliabide faltari buruzko hobekuntzak ere aipatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41362,2020-02-20,"Conflicts occur in schools on a daiy basis, therefore, it is essential for teachers to know and us the educational value of these conclicts. This End of Degree Essay´s purpose is to design a programme to resolve conflicts among peers. To this purpose, a previous diagnosis of 4th grade has been made through Observational Methodology. The results demonstrate violent behaviour among students when facing conflictc. Thus, a teaching intervention has been developed to elaborate techniques and strategies to resolve conflicts. The results of a pilot phase have shown changes in the behaviour of students. The importance of working on conflict resolution with students should be note to enhance their overall development.","Ikasleen arteko gatazkak egunero ematen dira eskoletan, eta hortaz, irakasle moduan hauek ezagutzea eta hauen balio hezitzaileaz baliatzea ezinbestekoa da. Gradu Amaierako Lan honek ikasleek berdinen arteko gatazkak kudeatzen ikasteko esku-hartze bat diseinatzea du helburu. Horretarako, aurretiazko diagnostiko bat egin da Lehen Hezkuntzako 4.mailako ikasgela batean Behaketa Metodologia erabiliz. Emaitzek agerian utzi dute ikasleek gatazkari aurre egiteko dituzten jokaera bortitzak. Gauzak horrela, gatazken kudeaketa estrategiak eta teknikak lantzeko esku-hartze baten proposamena egin da. Esku-hartzearen froga pilotu bat aurrera eraman da eta emaitzetan ikasleen jarreran aldaketak eman direla ikusi da. Gatazken kudeaketarako estrategiak lantzea ikasleen garapen integralean daukan garrantzia nabarmentzekoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23170,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to design the process sheet of a Barcelona type fire raccord. The manufacturing process of this raccord is composed of two stages. The first stage consists in a hot stamping resulting in an approximation of the final form. The second stage consists in the final machining of the raccord. This project will focus in the second stage in which all the cut parameters should be obtained in order to fill in the process sheet. For this purpose, the Sandvik catalog will be used to choose the required tools and cut parameters.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua Bartzelona sute errakor baten prozesu orria diseinatzea da. Errakor honen fabrikazio prozesuak bi fase ditu. Lehenengo etapa, non amaierako formaren hurbilketa ematen zaion, bero estanpazioak osatzen du eta bigarren etapa, aldiz, bukaerako mekanizazioak osatzen du. Proiektua bigarren etapan zentratuko da, prozesu orria betetzeko datu guztiak lortzea beharrezkoa izanda. Hau lortzeko, Sandvik katalogoa erabiliko da beharrezko erremintak eta mekanizazio parametroak aukeratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59700,2023-02-07,"The main purpose of the current project is to carry out the design and calculation of a the low voltage electrical installation of a metal workshop Thus, in first place the needed power to carry out the activity has been estimated so that the wire sizes of each circuit can be calculated. Next the conduits that carry the conductors have been designed and laid out. In order to protect the installation, short circuit currents have been worked out for all of the conductors and consequently, the electrical protections have been dimensioned. Eventually, a lighting studio has been carried out regarding each room necesseties. Technical conditions of the installation have been designed according to current norms and technical and legal provisions to preserve users’ and goods’ safety as well as to ensure normal operation of itself.","Proiektu honen helburua metalezko arotzeriako industria-nabe baten behe-tentsioko instalazioaren diseinua eta kalkulua egitea eta justifikatzea da Horretarako, jarduetarako behar den potentzia kalkulatu da, eta, hori esker, kargak elikatzen dituzten zirkuituetako eroaleen sekzioak kalkulatu dira. Eroale hauek kanalizaio espezifikoetan kokatzen direnez, era berean kanalizaio hauen ezaugarriak zehaztu dira. Instalazioa babesteko, eroaleen zirkuitu-korronteak kalkulatu dira, eta babesak dimentsionatu dira, erabiltzaileen segurtasuna ziurtatzeko. Azkenik, azterketa luminoteknikoa egin da, gela bakoitzaren beharren arabera. Instalazioaren baldintza teknikoak indarreko legearen, araudien eta xedapen tekniko eta legalen arabera diseinatu dira, pertsonen eta ondasunen segurtasuna zaintzeko eta instalazioaren funtzionamendu normala bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67581,2024-05-07,"This Final Degree Project analyses the consumption of omnivorous, vegetarian and vegan diets in the Spanish autonomous communities in the year 2021, identifying and analysing the socio-economic and socio-demographic factors that influence them. The methodology used has paved the way for the creation of consumption baskets, the collection of data from the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAPA) and the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE), and the generation of statistical analyses. The results show the differences in dietary consumption by geographical location, per cápita income and basket prices. In conclusion, the findings are highlighted and recommendations for future research are given.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, 2021.urtean Espainiako autonomia-erkidegoetan dieta orojale, begetariano eta beganoen kontsumoa aztertu da, horietan eragina duten faktore sozioekonomikoak eta soziodemografikoak identifikatu eta aztertuz. Erabilitako metodologiak kontsumo-saskiak eratu, Nekazaritza, Arrantza eta Elikadura Ministerioko (MAPA) eta Estatistika Institutu Nazionaleko (INE) datuak bildu eta analisi estatistikoak sortzeko bidea ireki du. Emaitzek, kokapen geografikoaren, per capita errentaren eta saskien prezioaren arabera dieta-kontsumoetan dauden aldeak erakusten dituzte. Ondorio gisa, aurkikuntzak nabarmendu eta etorkizuneko ikerketetarako gomendioak eman dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75587,2025-11-11,"Surrogacy or gestational surrogacy is a practice that requires assisted reproduction for its effectiveness. In the Spanish legal system, as in many other countries, this type of agreement is null and void. However, more and more people are resorting to this practise, either because of reproductive difficulties or because of the acceptance of different models within society, in which natural procreation is not possible for biological reasons. The absence of uniform regulation in the international legal system promotes displacement to countries where this practice is permitted and regulated. This phenomenon, known as “reproductive tourism”, generates legal conflicts when returning to the countries of origin, fundamentally with regard to the recognition of filiation. Both state and supra-state courts have been obligated to pronounce themselves by means of different resolutions, in order to protect the interests of the parties involved, and especially with regard to the best interests of the minor, an aspect on which the present analysis will focus.","Haurdunaldi subrogatua edo ordezkapenezko haurdunaldia praktika bat da, eta lagundutako ugalketa behar du eraginkorra izateko. Espainiako ordenamendu juridikoan, beste herrialde askotan bezala, akordio mota hori erabat deuseza da. Hala ere, gero eta pertsona gehiagok erabiltzen dute praktika hori, bai ugalketa-zailtasunak daudelako, bai gizarte eredu desberdinak onartzen direlako, arrazoi biologikoengatik ugalketa naturala ezinezkoa denean. Nazioarteko ordenamendu juridikoan erregulazio uniformerik ez egoteak praktika hori baimenduta eta araututa dagoen herrialdeetara joatea sustatzen du. “Ugalketa-turismoa izenez ezagutzen den fenomeno horrek legezko gatazkak sortzen ditu jatorrizko herrialdeetara itzultzean, batez ere seme-alabatasuna aitortzeari dagokionez. Estatu auzitegiek eta estatuz gaindikoek hainbat ebazpen biden eman behar izan dituzte erabakiak, inplikatutako alderdien interesak babesteko, eta, bereziki, adingabearen interes gorenari dagokionez, alderdi horretan oinarrituko baita azterketa hau." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36840,2019-12-12,"ABSTRACT (ingles) The main objective of this bachelor project is to research the wireless charging, in order to design a potentially submergible receiver. To implement the project, it is necessary to knowledge the operation characteristics of all the elements and equipment’s which are part of the system. The design of the receiver will be done with the simulation program PSIM, whit the aim of verifying that the results are the good ones. Finally, the proposed design will be built.","LABURPENA (euskera) Gradu amaierako lan honetan, haririk gabeko energia transferentziaren kontzeptuak aztertzen dira, etorkizunean ur azpian lan egiteko gai izan ahal den hartzaile baten dispositiboa egiteko. Proiektu hau aurrera eraman ahal izateko, beharrezkoa da sisteman parte hartuko duten elementu, gailu eta tresna guztien funtzionamendu egokia jakitea. Ostean, hartzaile hau diseinatuko da PSIM simulazio programa erabiliz. Azkenik, proposaturiko diseinua praktikara eramango da, gailua eraikitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26306,1988,Considerations on the influence that special civil law in Vizcaya may have over the Basque Country Criminology.,Bizkaiko Foru-Zuzenbide Zibilak Euskadiko Kriminologian dukeen eraginaren gaineko gogoetak. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19526,2016-11-15,"The following Bachelor Thesis titled ‘Engine and tire pavement interaction noise reduction in the interior of a passenger car’ intends to make diverse acoustic analysis inside the cabin of a car. The main objective will be to study the influence of noise considering the air as the only pathway by which it can be spread. Finally they will be proposed some solutions to improve the design, such as introducing absorbent materials inside the cabin or the importance of the element named firewall in order to build in the future vehicles that isolate their occupants from the usual sources of noise in the most efficient possible way. The tools used for this project will be a 3D design software such as Solid Edge ST8 and a finite element software like Ansys.","Gradu Amaieako Lan hau ‘Motor zarataren eta pneumatiko zoru elkarrekintzaren murrizketa ibilgailu automobil baten barnean‘ izenburupean, auto baten kabinaren barruan hainbat analisi akustiko egitea du helburu. Helburu nagusia zarataren eragina aztertzea izango da, airea hedatu daitekeen bide bakarra kontsideratuz. Amaitzeko, zenbait soluzio proposatuko dira etorkizunean zaratak sor dezakeen kalteez bidaiariak ahalik eta modu eraginkorrenean isolatzeko, besteak beste, material xurgatzaileak erabiltzea eta suebakia. Solid Edge ST8 bezalako 3D diseinu programa eta ANSYS izeneko elementu finituen softwarea izango dira erabiliko diren tresnak lanean zehar." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54624,2021-12-22,"ENGLISH: In this End of Degree Project, a portable photovoltaic system has been designed and prototyped to charge electronic devices. The system is composed of a solar panel and taking advantage of solar energy produces electrical energy. Besides that, it is equipped with a battery to store all that energy. Finally, the system has the circuits and controllers to accumulate and later use all that energy. Using a 6 V and 150 mA Xunzel solar panel, a 3,7 V Lithium ion 18650 battery charge regulator was designed employing the ATmega328P microcontroller. A switched buck regulator lowers the panel voltage to 4,2 V by changing the duty cycle of the PWM. This allows it to absorb high current when the battery is wasted and vice versa when it is full. With the intention of charging electronic devices with the stored energy, a boost MT3608 circuit and USB output have been added to the system. A 0,96-inch OLED will display the battery status and the current reaching to it. A switch allows selecting the charging or discharging mode. During the work, apart from designing the system, it has also been assembled. To do this, the most correct components for the project have first been chosen from the components on the market. Afterwards, the results obtained through the theoretical calculations have been verified in simulation and in the prototype to detect the errors that may appear before the final design. Finally, the assembly has been carried out on a printed circuit PCB and its correct functioning has been verified. To protect the system and make it portable, a case has been designed and manufactured using 3D printing. All decisions made during the course of the job, as well as the steps taken, have been documented. Once the assembly is finished, the results obtained have been studied and conclusions drawn.","EUSKERA: Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, gailu elektronikoak kargatzeko energia biltegiratze sistema fotovoltaiko eramangarri bat diseinatu eta prototipatu da. Sistema plaka fotovoltaiko batez osatuta dago eta eguzki energiaz baliatuz energia elektrikoa ekoizten du. Horretaz gain, energia guzti hori biltegiratzeko bateria batez hornituta dago. Azkenik, sistemak energia hori metatzeko eta geroago erabiltzeko beharrezko zirkuitu eta kontroladoreak ditu. 6 V eta 150 mA dituen Xunzel eguzki plaka erabilita, 3,7 V-eko Litio ionezko 18650 bateriaren karga erregulatzailea diseinatu da ATmega328P mikrokontroladoreaz baliatuz. Buck erreguladore kommutatu batek plakaren tentsioa 4,2 V-era jaisten du PWM-aren duty-ciclea aldatuz. Honi esker, bateria xahututa dagoenean korronte handia xurgatuko du eta alderantziz, beteta dagoenean korronte baxua. Metatuta dagoen energia hori gailu elektronikoak kargatzeko asmoarekin, boost MT3608 zirkuitua eta USB irteera gehitu zaizkio sistemari. 0,96 hazbeteko OLED baten bitartez bateriaren egoera eta honi heltzen zaion korrontea bistaratuko dira. Etengailu bati esker, karga edo deskarga modua aukeratu ahal izango da. Lanean zehar, sistemaren diseinua egin ezezik, honen muntaia ere burutu da. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin merkatuan dauden osagaietatik proiekturako egokienak direnak hautatu dira. Ondoren, kalkulu teorikoen bidez lortu diren emaitzak simulazioan eta prototipoan konprobatu dira, azken diseinua baino lehen azal daitezkeen erroreak hautemateko. Bukatzeko, PCB zirkuitu inprimatuan gauzatu da muntaia eta honen funtzionamendu egokia egiaztatu da. Sistema babesteko eta eramangarria izan dadin karkasa bat diseinatu eta 3D inprimagailuari esker fabrikatu da. Lanaren garapenean hartu diren erabaki guztiak dokumentatu dira, baita emandako pausuak ere. Behin muntaia amaituta, lortutako emaitzak aztertu eta ondorioak atera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74863,2025-10-02,"This study aims to analyze and improve conflict management in third-grade Primary Education Physical Education sessions through cooperative Acrosport activities. School coexistence is understood as an essential component, and it is argued that, when properly managed, conflicts provide valuable opportunities to strengthen peer relationships and develop social skills. In the first phase of the research, observations conducted over two weeks allowed for the analysis of conflict types, student behaviors, and teachers’ intervention strategies. In the second phase, a didactic intervention based on Acrosport was implemented to promote trust, communication, and group cohesion. According to the results, although competitiveness initially prevailed, cooperative activities significantly improved conflict management, social autonomy, and positive coexistence. This proposal aligns with Sustainable Development Goals 3 (good health and well-being) and 4 (quality education), as it promotes students’ physical and emotional well-being and fosters integral education through coexistence competencies. Additionally, Goals 5 (gender equality) and 10 (reduced inequalities) are addressed transversally by encouraging teamwork, equality, and inclusion. Ultimately, through physical and social engagement in Acrosport, this project contributes to building a more sustainable and equitable educational model, strengthening coexistence and supporting the development of active and responsible citizenship.","Lan honek Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako Heziketa Fisikoko saioetan gatazken kudeaketa aztertu eta hobetzeko asmoa du, akrosport jardueren bidez. Eskola bizikidetza elementu funtsezko gisa ulertzen da, eta gatazkak, behar bezala kudeatuta, ikasleen arteko harremanak sendotzeko eta gizarte-trebetasunak garatzeko aukera paregabeak eskaintzen dituztela defendatzen da. Ikerketa honen lehen fasean, bi astez egindako behaketen bidez, ikasleen arteko gatazka-motak, jokabideak eta irakasleen esku-hartze estrategiak aztertu dira. Bigarren fasean, akrosport jarduera kooperatibo baten bidez esku-hartze didaktiko bat burutu da, ikasleen artean konfiantza, komunikazioa eta talde kohesioa sustatzeko. Emaitzen arabera, lehiakortasuna nagusi izan bada ere, jarduera kooperatiboen bidez gatazken kudeaketan, autonomia sozialean eta bizikidetza positiboan hobekuntza nabarmenak lortu dira. Proposamen honek Garapen Jasangarriko 3. (osasuna eta ongizatea) eta 4. (kalitatezko hezkuntza) helburuekin bat egiten du, ikasleen ongizate fisiko eta emozionala eta bizikidetza trebetasunen bidezko ikaskuntza integrala sustatuz. Era berean, 5. helburua (genero-berdintasuna) eta 10.a (desberdintasunen murrizketa) zeharka lantzen dira, talde-lana, berdintasuna eta inklusioa bultzatuz. Ondorioz, akrosport jarduera fisiko eta sozialaren bidez, hezkuntza jasangarri eta bidezkoago baterako bidea eraikitzen laguntzen du, bizikidetza eta gatazken kudeaketa sendotuz eta ikasleak herritar aktibo eta arduratsu bihurtzeko prozesua indartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29386,2018-10-30,"Research in the medical sector has become a fundamental part of clinical decision-making. Many times clinicians would like to resort to statistical data to be able to find, for example, the frequency of incidence of a disease, to study its seasonality or its prevalence, or the frequency in which a certain medication has been provided for a certain disease, to be able to determine for example if that medication has been proven to cause some adverse effect, knowing if the problem can be potentially widespread or very localized. However, this needs a lot of effort since common properties must be found in a multitude of medical reports. Currently, there are hardly any tools to facilitate this management for health workers, since most of them are focused only on the patient's medical histories and not on the information gathering of all of them in general. This is the reason why it has been decided to carry out this Final Degree Project (FDP). In it, a web application will be presented that automates the management of patients' medical reports and processes them in such a way that temporary statistics can be collected and displayed to users based on specific searches to accelerate the research process. Regarding the tools used for its development, a combination of Java and Spring Framework together with JavaScript and HTML was used. For the storage of data, MySQL, and for the visualization of the graphics, the ChartJS library.","Medikuntza sektoreko ikerketak funtsezkoak bihurtu dira erabaki klinikoak hartzeko. Askotan osasun arloko langileek datu estatistikoetara jo nahiko lukete, adibidez, gaixotasun baten eragina ezagutzeko, bere prebalentzia ikasteko, edo gaixotasun jakin baterako zehaztu diren botiken maiztasuna aurkitzeko, eragin kaltegarria izan dezakeela frogatu ahal izateko, eta arazoa hedatu edo oso lokalizatua izan daitekeen jakiteko. Hala eta guztiz ere, dedikazio handia behar du lan honek, mediku-txosten ugariren informazioa bildubeharko luketeelako. Gaur egun, lan hori errazteko tresnarik ez dago. Gehienak bakarrik pazienteen historia klinikoetara bideratuta daude eta ez haien guztien informazio orokorraren lorpenera. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan hau egitea erabaki da. Bertan, aplikazio web bat aurkeztuko da, pazienteen txosten medikoen kudeaketa automatizatzen duena eta bilaketen arabera denborako estatistikak erakusten duena, ikerketen prozesua azkartzeko. Bere garapenean erabilitako tresnei dagokienez, Java eta Spring Framework konbinazioak JavaScript eta HTMLrekin batera aukeratu dira. Datuen biltegiratzerako MySQL erabili da eta, grafikoak ikusteko, ChartJS liburutegia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60269,2023-03-06,"Service-learning is a teaching method that helps the development of academic content while providing a service to the community in response to a social need. In this final degree project, this methodology has been implemented through a service based on cooperative games. The project has been focused on cooperation, as it requires support and reception to achieve a common goal, reinforcing the group identity. The proposed service focuses on the town of Campezo to respond to a need to eliminate inequalities and build a fairer and more inclusive society. The project, which has been conducted in a real context, has offered local children a resource for fun and physical activity on the weekends. It has allowed children from villages in the area to come together in an inclusive and Basque-speaking environment, avoiding the risk of being alone or having a sedentary lifestyle. The proposed service does not provide a definitive answer to the problem, but it has been a small step forward, which has achieved the objectives set from the beginning and has brought benefits to the town. For this reason, the following pages explain the ins and outs of a project that makes putting theory into practice possible.","Ikaskuntza zerbitzua, eduki akademikoak garatzen laguntzen duen irakaskuntza-metodologia da, eta aldi berean, komunitateari zerbitzu bat ematen zaio gizarte-premiaren bati erantzuten. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, metodologia hau martxan jarri dut jolas kooperatiboetan oinarrituriko zerbitzu baten bitartez. Haurren arteko kooperazioa izan da proiektuaren ardatza, helburu komun bat lortzeko laguntza eman eta jasotzea eskatzen duelako, talde sentimendua indartuz. Planteaturiko zerbitzuak Kanpezuko herrian jartzen du fokoa, desberdintasunak ezabatzeko eta gizarte bidezkoagoa zein inklusiboagoa eraikitzerako bidean behar bati erantzuteko. Testuinguru erreal batean aurrera egin duen proiektuak asteburuetan herriko haurrei ondo pasatzeko eta aldi berean jarduera fisikoa egiteko baliabide bat eskaini die. Aukera eman du bertako eta inguruetako herrietako haurrak elkartzeko inguru inklusibo eta euskaldun batean, sendentarismoa edo bakardadea ekiditen. Planteaturiko zerbitzua ez dio arazo bateri erantzun definitiboa ematen baina aurrera pausu txikia izan da, planteaturiko helburuak lortu dituenak eta herriari onurak ekarri dizkionak. Horregatik, teoria praktikara eramateko aukera ematen duen proiektu baten nondik norakoak azaltzen dira hurrengo orrietan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19973,2016-12-27,"Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is nowadays one of the most common injuries in people who practice some physical activity or sport. Though a conservative treatment exists for the above mentioned injury, often, the best option is the reconstruction of the ligament by means of a surgical treatment. But to achieve good results, the rehabilitation after the operation is as important as the operation itself. This rehabilitation is based on two big parts: in the first one, there is gathered information about the knee and the anterior cruciate ligament (anatomy, biomechanics, factors of risk, diagnosis, etc.); by the other hand, in the second part it is proposed a recovery program that could be useful for anyone that has suffered this injury; though the persons who have suffered a tear of the anterior cruciate ligament practice some sport, often these people are not professional, and they could have difficulties to carry out a suitable recovery program after the operation","Aurreko lotailu gurutzatuaren haustura gaur egun jarduera fisikoa edota kirola egiten dutenen artean lesio ohikoenetakoa da. Lesio horren aurrean tratamendu kontserbatzailea posible den arren, sarritan, ebakuntza bidez lotailua berreraikitzea da aukera egokiena (batez ere, kirola egiten jarraitu nahi dutenen kasuan). Baina ebakuntza bezain garrantzitsua da ebakuntza ondorengo errehabilitazioa, emaitza onak lortu ahal izateko. Lana bi zati handitan bereizita dago: alde batetik, lehenengo zatian, belaunari eta aurreko lotailu gurutzatuari buruzko informazioa jasotzen da (anatomia, biomekanika, arrisku-faktoreak, diagnostikoa eta beste zenbait alderdi); bestetik, bigarren zatian, edonori baliagarri izan dakiokeen errekuperazio-programa zehatz bat planteatzen da, askotan, aurreko lotailu gurutzatuaren haustura pairatu duten pertsonak kirola egiten badute ere, ez baitira profesionalak, eta behar bezalako errehabilitazioa edota errekuperazio-programa bat aurrera eramateko zailtasunak baitituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27903,2012,"This text is the developed version of a paper presented in 2010 at the XVII Congreso Nacional de Arqueología Argentina. It presents an interpretative proposal that takes the body as a heuristic tool in order to approach personhood in the past. This proposal takes as its starting point the assumption that is methodologically and epistemologically impossible to transfer our model of rationality as the basis on which to build new hypotheses, and invites us to think about the past and the ways in which we look at the past under positive alternatives. At the end of the article there is a discussion which results from self-reflection, following a two-year period of latency. In this discussion, self-criticism calls our attention to the discourse we use in Archaeology and the models we still follow to deal with the analysis of social realities and identities in the past.","Textu hau 2010an XVII Congreso Nacional de Arqueología Argentina delakoan Nazionalean aurkeztutako komunikazioaren garapena da. Iraganean pertsona izateko moduetara iristeko gorputza herraminta heuristikotzat hartzen duen proposamen interpretatiboa aurkezten da. Proposamen honen abiapuntua zera da, bai metodologikoki, bai epistemologikoki, ezinezkoa dela gure arrazionaltasun eredua hipotesi berrien euskarri bezala erabiltzea eta era berean, iraganean eta honi alternatiba positiboen bitartez nola gerturatzen garen pentsatzeko gonbidapen bat da. Artikuluaren amaieran, bere sorretarik bi urte pasa ondoren eta gogoeta lan baten ondorioz sortutako eztabaida aurkeztuko da. Bertan, autokritikaren bitartez, Arkeologian erabiltzen ditugun diskurtsoen eta iraganeko errealitate sozialen eta identitarioen analisiari ekiteko erabiltzen ditugun ereduetan jarriko dugu arreta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28168,2018-07-23,"The scope of this job is to improve and facilitate the predictive maintenance of the Sestao Knutsen LNG ship. In order to accomplish this objective, multivariate control charts have been implemented, following the Hotelling T2 technique, which allows to monitorate and correlate each variable of a process in just one chart. Daily samples were taken of 2 trips of the boiler-turbine process definite by six variables, for the later comparison using the multivariate control technique, using the QualStat software. This resulted in a control chart in which was observed the deviation of the second trip process in comparison with the ideal process established by the first trip. From the obtained results, it was concluded that the used technique for the monitoring and the analysis of the studied process of the engine room, was of great help for the detection of deviations with the simple visualization of a chart, which facilitated the prediction and prevention of possible failures and breakdowns. INGLES","Lan honen bidez Sestao Knutsen izeneko gas-ontziaren aurresan mantenua errazten eta hobetzen saiatu da. Horretarako kontrol bariante anitzak dituzten grafikoak erabili dira “Hotelling T2” teknika jarraituz; izan ere teknika horrek prozesu baten aldagai guztiak grafiko bakar batean erlazionatzea eta monitorizatzea ahalbideratzen du. Egunero, sei aldagaiengatik definitutako lurrun-turbinaren prozesuaren bi bidaien laginak hartu ziren; zeintzuk QualStat software-ren laguntzaz, kontrol bariante anitzaren teknikaren bidez alderatu ziren. Emaitza gisa, kontroleko grafiko bat lortu zen zeinetan bigarren bidaiari zegokion prozesuaren desbiderapena behatu zen; lehenengo bidaian ezarritako prozesuaren baldintza idealekin aldarrikatuz. Lortutako emaitzei erreparatuz, makina-gelan ikertutako prozesuaren monitorizaziorako eta analisirako erabilitako teknika, desbiderapenak hautemateko lagungarria dela ondorioztatu zen. Izan ere desbiderapenak begi bistaz grafikoan antzemateak, sortu ahal diren akatsak aurreikustea eta saihestea errazten baitu. EUSKERA" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16264,2015-11-30,"The purpose of this project is to increase the knowledge regarding the reconfigurable robotic mechanisms, as well as to put it into practice. These mechanisms can accomplish quick changeovers and they are capable of adapting themselves to many different environments, leading to a reduction in costs and space requirements. For this, the state of the art is studied, in order to gather information about the main applications and the opportunities that this field provides in different areas. Afterwards, it is required the analysis of the motion capacities of a specific robot, and together with path planning methods, its implementation in a graphic software for motion simulation. The software tool ‘Matlab’ is going to be the one that will allow for carrying out the programming and representation throughout the whole project.","Proiektu honen helburua mekanismo robotiko beritxuragarrien ezagueran sakontzea da, baita kasu praktiko batean ere. Mekanismo hauek trantsizio azkarrak lortu ditzekete eta ingurune desberdinetara moldatzeko ahalmena dute, kostuak eta espazio beharrak laburtzen. Horretarako, gaiaren egoera ikasiko da, aplikazio nagusiei buruz informazioa biltzeko eta arlo honetan egon daitezkeen aukerak ezagutzeko. Ondoren, robot berezi baten analisi zinematikoa egingo da, eta ibilbide plangintza metodoen laguntzarekin, software grafiko batean implementatuko da bere mugimendua simulatzeko. Proiektu osoan zehar programazioa eta irudikapena ""Matlab"" softwarerraren bidez egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/9247,2012,"Pedro de Viteri (Mondragon, 1833-Biarritz, 1908) arrived in the town where he was born in 1893, after having lived in France since he was a child. He returned with the desire to embark on philanthropic work that would change the urban appearance of Mondragon by lending a new, modern air to a town which at that time differed greatly from the environment in which he had hitherto been immersed.","Pedro Biteri (Arrasate, 1833-Biarritz, 1908) 1893an itzuli zen jaioterrira, txikitatik Frantzian bizi izan ondoren. Lan filantropiko bat egiteko asmoarekin itzuli zen, eta lan horrek Arrasateko hiri-fisionomia aldatu zuen. Izan ere, giro berria eta modernoa eman zion hiribilduari (garai hartan, Arrasateko giroa Biterik ezagutzen zuenaren oso desberdina zen)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23349,2017-09,"Nowadays Spain is a pioneering country in the production of wind power, and this situation has led to a lack of space for the construction of new wind farms. Therefore, to be able to obtain a major generation of energy from the wind in Spain there are mostly two options: offshore wind or the renovation of wind farms which are older than 20 years. In this case our project is going to focus on a study of viability on the renovation of the wind farm ‘‘El Perdón’’ in Navarra.","Gaur egun Espainia herrialde aitzindaria da energia eolikoaren ekoizpenean. Hala ere, egoera honek lurralde osoan haize-parke berrien eraikuntzarako espazio gehiago ez egotera eraman du. Beraz, haizean jatorria duen energia sorkuntza handiagoa lortzeko Espainian bi aukera nagusi daude: offshore eolikoa edo 20 urte baino gehiago duten haize-parkeen berrikuntza. Proiektu honetan Nafarroako ‘‘El Perdón’’ haize-parkearen berrikuntza aztertuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42076,2020-03-10,"This Last Grade Project talks about the amazing relation that exists between the mathematics and the nature, and also about how it is possible to learn mathematic contents by observing some natural elements. As a consequence of it, a sixth grade of Primary mathematics lesson plan has been designed, in which the nature not only is going to be the main factor to obtain mathematic activities but also a motivating element in the learning process. In addition, with this project the mathematics subject is exposed through a constructivist, globalised and interdisciplinar method, in which children arise as the principal ones of their own learning. To sum up, it is important to consider that this project has not been taken in practice, although it is totally possible to be applied in a classroom of whatever Basque Country’s schools, since it is based in the 2020 Heziberri’s Plan. Keywords: mathematics, nature, natural elements, teaching/learning, motivation, lesson plan and Heziberri 2020.","Hemen aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako lanean matematika eta naturaren arteko erlazio zoragarria aurkezten da, eta nola kontzeptu matematiko asko uler daitezkeen naturaren elementu batzuen azterketatik abiatuz. Horretarako, lehen hezkuntzako seigarren mailarako sekuentzia didaktiko bat diseinatu da matematika irakasgaiarentzako; zeinetan natura oinarri gisa erabiltzen den ariketa matematikoak sortarazterakoan eta ikasketarako motibazio herramienta gisa. Honekin batera, proposamen honetan irakasgaia metodo konstruktibista gisa aurkezten da, globalizatua eta interdisziplinala, zeinetan haurrek heuren ikasketaren jabe diren. Esan beharrekoa da proposamen didaktiko hau ez dela praktikan jarri, baina Euskadiko edozein ikasgelan aplikatu daiteke Plan Heziberri 2020 planean oinarritzen baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60272,2023-03-06,"The main objective of this study is to analyze the relationships that exist among the students of the Upper Primary Education Cycle of a center, through the formation of maps, taking into account the cases of leadership that occur. The analysis of the situation of these relationships will be carried out by means of a sociogram that collects the internal results of the classroom. The observations made over eleven weeks will help to confirm the results of this sociogram. The results obtained will show what the real reality of the students is like, explaining whether there are leadership situations in each classroom. A total of 114 students in the fourth, fifth and sixth grades of primary school participated in this study. After a theoretical framework necessary to inform on the subject, the objectives of the study are set out. In order to achieve these objectives, the participants, the process and the tools involved are described below. Maps of the different classrooms have been developed and their analysis has yielded results and conclusions. The result is the description of the situation of the Upper Primary Education classrooms and the profile of the leaders present in these classrooms. The conclusions explain the current situation in a school by adding words of experts on the subject. To round off the study, the data that have not been observed or taken into account through the boundaries have been pointed out. In the event that the study should be repeated, the necessary material has been placed in the annexes.","Azterlan honen helburu nagusia ikastetxe bateko Lehen Hezkuntzako goi zikloko ikasleen artean ematen diren harremanak aztertzea da, mapen eraketen bitartez, ematen diren lidergotza kasuetan erreparatuz. Harreman hauen egoera soziograma baten bitartez analizatuko da, ikasgelaren barneko emaitzak jasoz. Hamaika astetan zehar eginiko behaketak soziograma honen emaitzak berresten lagunduko dute. Jasotako emaitzak ikasleen benetako errealitatea nolakoa den erakutsiko dute, gela bakoitzean lidergotza egoerarik dagoen azalduz. Azterlan honetan guztira 114 ikasleek hartu dute parte Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren, bostgarren eta seigarren mailek. Gaiaren inguruan jakinaren gainean jartzeko beharrezkoa den marko teoriko baten ondoren azterlanaren helburuak planteatzen dira. Helburu hauek lortzeko, ondoren, bertan parte hartzen duten partehartzaileak, prozesua eta tresnak deskribatzen dira. Hauek aurrera eraman da ikasgela ezberdinen mapak sortu dira eta hauen analisiaren bitartez emaitza eta ondorioak atera dira. Emaitza modura Lehen Hezkuntza goi zikloko ikasgelen egoera deskribatu da eta gela hauetan dauden liderren profila atera da. Ondorioetan, gaur egungo ikastetxe batean dagoen egoera azaldu da gaiaren inguruan adituen hitzak gehituz. Azterlana borobiltzeko, bertan erreparatu ez diren eta kontuan hartu ez diren datuak seinalatu dira mugen bitartez. Azterlana berriro ere errepikatu nahi izango balitz, eranskinetan beharrezko materiala ipini da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26975,1996,"We found the identity of Basque people in non indvidual constituents, such as race (considered from an anthropological point of view), language and its own history, in a certain historical rhythm. Throigh the survey of Basque peculiarities, a reflexion about the Basque Country will be accomplished, including vitality, customs and problems.","Euskaldunen nortasuna ez-norberaren elementuetan dago; arrazan, antropologiko-ikuspegitik ikusita, hizkuntzan, berezko historiarekin, erritmo historiko batean. Euskal berezitasunaren ikasketaren bidez egiten da gogoeta bat, Euskal Herria, bere bizkortasun, ohiturak, eta berezko zenbait arazori buruzkoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60257,2023-03-06,"This work reflects on the Hondarribia Alarde, taking its impact on local schools as the main focus of investigation, specifically at Primary Education. It delves into the relationship between local schools and the Alarde conflict from a transfeminist viewpoint. The experiences and perspectives of four educators were documented through in-depth interviews, which is a recognised research technique in qualitative research. With the resolution as the main goal, the work looks towards the future.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Hondarribiko Alardeak dituen ertz desberdinen inguruan hausnartu da, eskola ardatz hartuta, Lehen Hezkuntzako etapa zehazki. Eskolak eta herriko gatazkak duten hartu emanaz hausnartzeko, bertako lau hezitzaileren bizipenak eta ikuspegiak jaso dira. Horretarako sakoneko elkarrizketak burutu dira, metodologia kualitatiboa baliatuz. Lan guztian zehar gatazka zein hezkuntza ikuspuntu transfeministatik hausnartu dira. Konponbidea ipar, lan hau etorkizunera begira dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19602,2016-11-24,"The aim of this proyect is the study of the existing anonymization techniques for information data bases and their application to Big Data scenarios. These techniques try to protect the con dentiality of the published data bases, through the suppression or generalization of sensible attributes. This is important nowadays, because of the information generation rate of our society. Lots of those data bases end up being published in di erent media. During the proyect it will also be codi ed a tool for makeing possible an easy anonymization of data bases, using Big Data techniques. Finally is intended to test the tool to guarantee its functionality and performance.","Proiektu honen helburua gaur egun anonimizatzeko existitzen diren teknikei buruzko ikasketa bat egitea da, Big Data ingurunetan duten aplikazioa ikusteko. Teknika hauek publikatutako data baseen kon dentzialtasuna babestea dute helburu, ezaugarri nabarmenak orokortuz edo ezabatuz. Gaur egungo gizarteak izugarrizko datu kantitateak sortzen ditu egunero, eta beraz informazio hori babestea oso garrantzitsua da. Era berean, proiektu honetan anonimizazio lana egingo duen tresna bat kodetuko da, Big Data ingurunetako teknikak erabiliz. Azkenik tresna horren funtzionamendua eta abiadura neurtuko dira hainbat frogaren bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67880,2024-05-10,"Nowadays, there are methods for analyzing the content of substances or the composition of materials using chemical analysis, which require a specialized laboratory and a time of several days to obtain results. However, a new approach is now emerging that allows the use of new technology to analyze samples more quickly. In the food industry, for example, this technology would allow lower costs, since it would be possible to analyze each of the samples that make up a potentially hazardous batch. In this way, only the samples detected as hazardous would be discarded, without the need to dispense with the entire batch. Through this technology, the need to resort to chemical specialists would be avoided, being able to obtain results quickly without the need for an infrastructure such as a laboratory. In the search for such technology, several options have appeared that can solve these dilemmas depending on the industry that is focused on. This document is focused on showing the development and conclusions obtained from the use of Raman technology as a tool for obtaining data from samples, in this case olives treated with phytosanitary products. For the classification of the data and generation of models capable of predicting and classifying new data correctly, multivariate data analysis has been used, using SIMCA software. Preliminary conclusions regarding the use of this technology in this project can be found at the end of the document. These conclusions are considered preliminary as the study of the project is still in progress.","Gaur egun, analisi kimikoak erabiliz substantzien edukia edo materialen osaera aztertzeko metodoak existitzen dira jada. Baina, horretarako, laborategi espezializatuak eta egun batzuetako denbora behar da emaitzak lortzeko. Hala ere, gaur egun beste ikuspegi bat sortzen ari da, laginak azkarrago aztertzeko teknologia berria erabiltzea ahalbidetzen duena. Elikagaien industrian, adibidez, teknologia horrek kostuak merkatzeko aukera emango luke; izan ere, horren bidez, arriskutsua izan daitekeen lote oso bat osatzen duten lagin guztiak azter litezke. Horrela, arriskutsutzat jotzen diren laginak bakarrik baztertuko dira, eta ez da beharrezkoa izango lote osoa baztertzea. Teknologia horren bidez, espezialista kimikoetara jotzeko beharra saihestuko litzateke, eta emaitzak azkar lortzeko gai izango lirateke, laborategi gisako azpiegitura baten beharrik gabe. Teknologia horren bilaketan, dilema horiek konpon ditzaketen hainbat aukera agertu dira, zein industriatara bideratuta dagoenaren arabera. Dokumentu honen bidez, Raman teknologia laginen datuak lortzeko tresna gisa erabiltzearen inguruan lortutako garapena eta ondorioak erakutsi nahi dira. Kasu honetan, laginak landare-osasunerako produktuekin tratatutako olibak. Datuak sailkatzeko eta datu berriak zuzen aurreikusi eta sailkatzeko gai diren ereduak sortzeko, aldagai anitzeko datuen analisia erabili da, SIMCA softwarearen bidez. Dokumentuaren amaieran, teknologia hori proiektu honen inguruan erabiltzeari buruzko aurretiko ondorioak daude. Ondorio horiek atarikotzat hartzen dira, proiektuaren azterketak martxan jarraitzen baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17633,2016-03-16,"This research analyzes the content and characters of several films of The Walt Disney Company. Those movies are full of values and ideological aspects and according to the social learning theory, they have a great influence on children's course of action. These ideas are related to the image that women have in society, the social meaning of family and the political and economical system of our society. Therefore, a methodological resource will be proposed in order to make the children develop their critic sense about animated movies and what they see on the big screen. That proposal is focused on Elementary Education.","Ikerketa honek Walt Disney konpainiak ekoiztutako hainbat filmetan agertzen den edukia eta pertsonaiak analizatzen ditu. Pelikulak balorez eta aspektu ideologikoez beteta daude eta gizarte-ikaskuntzaren teoriaren arabera, izugarrizko eragina daukate haurren jarduteko moduan. Ideia horiek oso lotuta daude emakumezkoak gizartean hartzen duen irudiarekin, gizartean dagoen familiaren esanahiarekin eta gure gizarteko sistema politiko eta ekonomikoarekin. Beraz, animaziozko filmen aurrean umeen kritikotasuna garatzeko Lehen Hezkuntzako gelarako baliabide metodologikoa proposatzen da, umeek pantaila handian ikusten dutenaz hausnar dezaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25901,2018-03-22,"Although 3 out of 10 children suffer from sexual abuse or harassment, research, information and training on this subject are still insufficient. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to provide professionals and future professionals with training and resources for early detection of children sexual abuse. To this end, two programs have been developed: “Breaking the secrets of childhood sexual abuse (ASI)” 1st Conference and online course. In the conference the needs of professionals, future professionals and people interested in the subject were identified with a strong demand to create a support network. Establishing the basis for that network has been the last challenge in the planning and development of the online course where 243 people from all over the world and different professional backgrounds took part.","Nahiz eta 10 umetatik hiruk abusu sexuala pairatzen duen, gai honi buruz dauden ikerketak, informazioa eta formazioa eskasa da gaur egun. Hau horrela izanik, aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia profesionalei eta etorkizuneko profesionalei haurren kontrako abusu sexualen formazioa eta detekzio goiztiarrerako baliabideak eskaintzea da. Horretarako bi esku-hartze garatu dira: Rompiendo el Secreto del Abuso Sexual Infantil” I.Jardunaldiak eta izenburu berbereko online ikastaroa. Jardunaldietan profesional, etorkizuneko profesional eta interesdun pertsonen beharrak identifikatu ziren. Horiek guztiak kontuan izanik online ikastaroa planifikatu eta garatu zen, mundu guztiko eta hainbat jarduera profesionaletako 243 pertsonek hartu zuten parte. Ikastaroaren azken erronka sostengu sarea eraikitzeko oinarriak zehaztea izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67636,2024-05-07,"Superstar architecture can play a key role in the global positioning of museums in the influential mass media, thus successfully attracting cultural tourism. However, one obvious gap is the mapping of media positioning. The aim of this article is precisely to draw and visualise this positioning of the most influential museums through the networks. Two innovative features characterise this study: first, from a theoretical point of view, it links the debate on Superstar Museums to the broader economic debate on the Superstar Economy. According to Rosen's hypothesis, in the case of Superstar Museums, media exposure is concentrated in a handful of museums. In this context, the authors highlight the role of networks. The central nodes of the networks used for the study represent the museums that have the highest visibility in the international media. The second innovative feature of the article is the analysis of co-citation networks in Google News articles during the period 2022. Keywords: Symbolic capital, cultural branding, media, network analysis, node, centrality.","Arkitektura superizarrak funtsezko zeregina bete dezake museoek masa-komunikabide eraginkorretan duten posizionamendu globalean, horrela turismo kulturala arrakastaz erakarriz. Hala ere, gabezia nabarmen bat posizionamendu mediatikoaren kartografia da. Artikulu honen helburua da, hain zuzen ere, museo eraginkorrenen posizionamendu hori marraztea eta bistaratzea sareen bidez. Bi ezaugarri berritzailek ezaugarritzen dute azterlan hau: lehenik eta behin, ikuspegi teoriko batetik, Superizar Museoei buruzko eztabaida Ekonomia Superizarrari buruzko eztabaida ekonomiko zabalagoarekin lotzen du. Rosenen hipotesiaren arabera, Superizar Museoen kasuan, erakusketa mediatikoa museo-sorta batean biltzen da. Testuinguru horretan, autoreek sareen zeregina nabarmentzen dute. Azterketarako erabilitako sareen nodo zentralek nazioarteko komunikabideetan ikusgarritasun handiena duten museoak irudikatzen dituzte. Artikuluaren bigarren ezaugarri berritzailea Google News-eko artikuluetan kozitazio-sareak aztertzea da 2022ko aldian. Hitz gakoak: Kapital sinbolikoa, marka kulturala, komunikabideak, sareen analisia, nodoa, zentralitatea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23231,2017-07,"This project is about the development of an analytical procedure for reactions and efforts calculation of brackets formed with four bars, which are used for sustaining overhead power cables from railways. Some equations will be obtained for a general case, which will depend on different design variables. These general formulas are applicable to any structure with this configuration and will be programmed in a spreadsheet. Moreover, the use of them will be explained with a practical example. In this way, an easy, cheap and reliable procedure for the designing of the bracket will be achieved.","Idazki honetan trenbideetako katenariak eusteko lau barraz osatutako mentsularen erreakzio eta esfortzuen kalkuluaren prozedura analitiko bat garatuko da. Kasu orokor baten ekuazioak lortuko dira, diseinuko hainbat aldagairen menpe egongo direnak. Formula jeneral hauek aplikagarriak izango dira konfigurazio berdineko edozein egiturarentzat eta kalkulu orri batean programatuko dira. Gainera, adibide praktiko baten bidez haien erabilera azalduko da. Horrela, mentsula diseinatzeko bide erraza, merkea eta fidagarria lortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27171,1996,"The report presented by José Luis L. Aranguren during the Summer Course about ""Human Rights protection in international and Spanish criminal Law"", that the IVAC-KREI organized in San Sebastian during 1989, is collected. In this report a reflection is made about the ethical-juridical dynamic and the role that human rights play there. Likewise, the subsequent colloquy about this subject is shown.","1989. urtean ""Giza eskubideen babesa, nazioarteko eta espainiar Zuzenbide penalean"" gaiari buruz IVAC-KREIk Donostian antolatu zuen Udako Kurtsoan José Luis L. Arangurenek aurkeztutako ponentzia biltzen da. Etikazko eta juridikozko dinamika eta honen barruan Giza eskubideek daukaten garrantzia aztertzen dira. Azkenik, ondoren izandako solasa aurkezten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53131,2021-09-21,"EN: In the MATHEO project, funded by the Basque Government through the Elkartek collaborative research aid program, three lines of research have been pursued with the aim of developing mathematical models in the knowledge barrier that enable the characterization of the interaction between large structures and the environment, applied to floating offshore wind. In this project, the innovations developed in MATHEO are studied, quantifying their impact on the LCOE using a tool and an innovation evaluation protocol, both custom developed to be used in this project. As a parallel study, critical variables that will be susceptible to variations that can cause significant changes in costs, energy production and the LCOE are identified, in order to be able to define significant areas of innovation for future projects.","EUS: Elkartek elkarlaneko ikerketarako laguntza-programaren bidez Eusko Jaurlaritzak finantzatutako MATHEO proiektuan, hiru ikerketa-ildo lortu nahi izan dira, ezagutzaren mugan eredu matematikoak garatzeko, egitura handiek ingurunearekin duten interakzioaren karakterizazioa errazteko, energia eoliko flotagarrian bereziki aplikatuta. Proiektu honetan MATHEOn garatutako berrikuntzak aztertzen dira, eta LCOEn duten eragina kuantifikatzen da. Horretarako, berrikuntza horiek ebaluatzeko garaturiko tresna eta protokolo bat erabili dira. Azterlan paralelo gisa, gainera, kostuetan, energiaren ekoizpenean eta LCOEn aldaketa esanguratsuak eragin ditzaketen aldagaiak identifikatu nahi dira, etorkizuneko proiektuetarako berrikuntza-arlo esanguratsuak definitu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16344,2015-12-04,"The purpose of this project is to design and to build an autonomous identifier and switch for charging batteries conn.ected in series The function of this device, is to establish which is the less charged battery from a bank of lead-­‐ acid batteries, which feed a electric vehicle at the standard of 48 volts. After determining which is he less charged battery, it should redirect the current given by a solar panel to that battery. All this, must be done autonomously, through a specific program, implemented in a microcontroller, which will be developed along this work. In the different phases of this project, the software has been designed, the hardware has been designed and assembled and the correct working of the device has been checked. Also, this project contains a proposal for standard production of the device from the schematics resulting for this project. This project come as response to the current need of increasing the limited autonomy of electric vehicles, for making them more efficient. The project has been developed at the ETSI at Bilbao and pretend to promote the use of the electric vehicles and renewable energies.","Proiektu honen helburua da diseinatzea eta eraikitzea bateriak hautaturiko zirkuitu autonomo bat.Gailu honen funtzionaltasuna da: Lehen, erabaki behar du zein den banku baten gutxienez kargatutako bateriarik (48 boltioko banku, hau da, 12 bolteko lau bateria). Gero, eguzki-­‐panel batetik bateria horretara zuzendu behar du korrentea. Hori guztia beregaintasun handiz egin behar du , programa zehatz baten bidez, dena mikrokontrolagailu batean ezartzen da. Proiektuaren faseetako ondorio zuzena, diseinatutako software diseinatu, hardware diseinatu eta muntatu; eta funtzionamendu egokia egiaztatzen da. Bestalde, kostuak eta fabrikazio-­‐estandarren proposatu baten bidegarritasuna aurketzen dira, proiektuaren ondoriozko planen bidez. Proiektu hau auto elektrikoen gama mugatua handitzeko eta egin eraginkorragoa horiek gaur egun dauden beharrak erantzuten dio. Proiektu hau Bilboko ETSI elektrionika-­‐laborategian egin da, eta helburua auto elektrikoak eta energia berriztagarrien erabilera sustatzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67741,2024-05-08,"Death remains a pending issue in the education system. There are profound training needs that are not demanded, one of them is death. With the realization of this work, it was intended to delve, through a mixed design of research, into the reasons why the topic of the pedagogy of death and mourning in the classrooms is not addressed. The sample consisted of 222 primary education teachers, who completed an ad hoc questionnaire. A number of shortcomings were identified, for this reason a didactic proposal was suggested for students in 5th grade. The proposal was based on and sought to develop death from a natural perspective and a previous approach aimed at normalization and awareness of it.","Heriotza gainditu gabeko ikasgaia da hezkuntza-sisteman. Eskatzen ez diren prestakuntza-premia sakonak daude; horietako bat heriotza da. Lan honen bidez, heriotzaren eta doluaren pedagogia ikasgeletan ez jorratzeko arrazoietan sakondu nahi izan zen, ikerketako diseinu misto baten bidez. Lagina Lehen Hezkuntzako 222 irakaslek osatu zuten, ad hoc galdetegi bat betez. Hainbat gabezia antzeman ziren, eta, beraz, Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. mailako ikasleei zuzendutako proposamen didaktiko bat planteatu zen. Proposamenaren oinarria eta helburua heriotza normalizaziora eta horren kontzientziara bideratutako ikuspegi natural batetik garatzea izan zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67751,2024-05-08,"Working on contentious issues in Primary Education is one of the most effective methodological proposals for developing students' critical thinking and working on the contents of Social Sciences. However, they still have little presence in classrooms. With this research we want to figure out the perception of Primary Education teachers, both in training and active, about the treatment of controversial topics and historical memory in classrooms. To do so, a questionnaire has been designed and applied to 42 UPV/EHU and BAM students of the Bachelor’s Degree in Primary Education, and to 29 teachers from various schools in Bizkaia. The results have shown the insecurity of the participants regarding these topics, even though the teachers in training are more prepared than those who are active. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the initial and continuous training of teachers, and to increase the use of these issues.","Lehen Hezkuntzan gai gatazkatsuak lantzea ikasleen pentsamendu kritikoa garatzeko eta Gizarte Zientzietako edukiak lantzeko proposamen metodologiko eraginkorrenetako bat da. Halere, ikasgeletan presentzia urria dute oraindik. Horregatik, ikerketa honekin jakin nahi da lanean zein formazioan dauden Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleek ikasgeletan gai gatazkatsuen eta memoria historikoaren tratamenduari buruz duten pertzepzioa. Horretarako, galdetegi bat diseinatu da eta, batetik, EHUko eta BAMeko Lehen Hezkuntzako Graduko 42 ikasleri aplikatu zaie, eta, bestetik, Bizkaiko hainbat ikastetxetako 29 irakasleri. Emaitzek erakutsi dute parte-hartzaileen gai hauekiko segurtasun eza, prestakuntzan dauden irakasleak lanean daudenak baino prestago egon arren. Beraz, irakasleen hasierako eta etengabeko prestakuntza hobetu eta gai horien erabilera areagotu behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25781,2018-03-20,"The main objective of this project is to carry out the calculations and the mechanical design of a transmission of a car, more accurately the transmission for a BMW 1 series 118d. The transmission is an indispensable system when talking about a car. This is responsible for moving the torque created by the engine to the driving wheels of the car. Following the technical specifications of the manufacturer, the engine has a nominal duty of 143 CV (105 kW) at 4000 rpm. Based on the dimensions and operating conditions and taking into account the existing standards will be carried out the characteristics and calculations necessary to design the mechanical elements of the transmission. An attempt will be made to optimize the manufacturing and the maintenance cost of the previous elements using as far as possible the standardized elements and measures.","Proiektu honen helburua automobil batentzako transmisio sistema osatzen duten elementuen kalkulu eta diseinu mekanikoa burutzea da. Hain zuzen, transmisioa BMW serie 1 118d autorako da. Transmisio sistema ezinbesteskoa da auto batean, honek motorrak sortutako par momentua eta potentzia gurpil eragileetara transmititzen du. Ibilgailuaren espezifikazio teknikoak jarraituz, motorraren potentzia nominala 143 CV (105 kW) da 4.000 rpm-tara. Ibilgailuaren dimentsioen eta funtzionamenduaren baldintzen oinarrituta, dauden normak kontutan hartuz beharrezko ezaugarriak eta kalkuluak burutuko dira transmisio sistemaren osagai mekanikoak diseinatzeko. Aurreko osagaien fabrikazio eta mantentze kostua optimizatzen saiatuko da, ahal den heinean osagai eta neurri normalizatuak erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20885,2017-03-08,"The development of new techniques to obtain versatile products from biomass has increased in the last 30 years. Among these products, 5-hydromethylfurfural stands out due to its high number of applications and because it can be used as a building block for the obtention of many chemical products. In the investigation group SUPREN there is an investigation line to obtain this compound using heterogeneous catalyst in aqueous and organic systems. How the conditions affect the reaction is studied to reach a high HMF yield. Using metallic catalysts as copper with neutral-basic supports (ZrO2) showed an increase in the HMF yield. The results indicate that a bifasic system using a Cu/ZrO2 catalyst with a 10 % in weight of copper will have an optimum yield to HMF if the reaction lasts almost 4 hours.","Azkenengo 30 urtean aurrerapen garrantzitsua sortu da biomasatik konposatu balio handiarekin lortzeko. Konposatu horien artean 5-hidroximetilfurfurala (HMF) nabarmentzen da. Hainbat aplikazio erabil eta hainbat konposatu kimiko sortzeko abiapuntua delako. SUPREN ikerkuntza taldetan, ikerkuntza sare bat dago HMF sortzeko, horretarako katalizatzaile heterogeneok erabiltzen dira, bai sistema organikoetan bai uretan. Kasu honetan helburua da errendimendu handia sortzea eta horretarako zein diren operazio baldintzarik onenak aztertzen da. Lan honetan ikus daiteke nola metalezko katalizatzaileak, esate baterako kobrea, euskarri neutro-basikoa (ZrO2) ipinita daudenak, HMF-ren errendimendu laguntzen dira. Lortutako emaitzak azpimarratzen dira % 10 Cu zirkonian HMF-ren errendimendu optimoa lortzen direla, eta hau sortzen dela erreakzio-denbora 4 ordu denean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52115,2021-06-30,"The maximal aerobic power (Wmax), the aerobic threshold and the anaerobic threshold, variables that require incremental exercise tests to be measured, are good predictors of endurance performance. These variables are also very useful for defining training intensity zones. The incremental tests produce acute adaptations in the cardiovascular system and in the muscle tissues cells. Among other variables, the endurance level of subjects could influence their physiological responds during incremental exercise tests. The aim of this study was to compare the maximal blood lactate concentration (LAmax) and the blood lactate concentration of the aerobic (LTD) and anaerobic (DMAX) thresholds between trained and untrained men. 17 cyclists and triathletes (height 177.7 ± 8.3 cm; body mass 74.9 ± 10.1 kg; percentage of body fat 8.6 ± 2.9%) and 17 physically active men but untrained in endurance cycling (height 176.4 ± 4.8 cm; body mass 74.7 ± 6.4 kg; percentage of body fat 9.6 ± 2.0%) realized a maximal incremental test in a cycle ergometer. The trained group showed higher values than the untrained group in WLTD expressed in percentage of Wmax. The untrained group showed higher values than the trained group in the lactate and heart rate values corresponding to LTD and DMAX, and in the maximal heart rate. Significant relationships were found between LTD and the pedal cadence, and between WLTD and WLTDWmax%, in the trained group. Body mass, the intensity corresponding to LTD and Wmax correlated significantly with the pedal cadence in the untrained group. It would be interesting to study deeper the role of the blood lactate concentration and heart rate corresponding to the aerobicand anaerobic thresholds, in the people´s cycle ergometer performance.","Potentzia aerobiko maximoa (Wmax) eta laktato atalaseak erresistentziako errendimendua determinatzen duten parametroak dira eta test progresibo maximoen bitartez neurtzen dira. Honetaz gain entrenamenduaren planifikazioa egiteko eta intentsitate zonak eta bolumen kargak zehazteko oso erabilgarriak dira. Intentsitate progresiboduneko test maximoetan sistema kardiobaskularrak eta gihar zeluletako substratuen kontzentrazioak aldaketak jasaten dituzte. Bestalde, test hauen erantzun fisiologikoan potentzialki hainbat faktorek eragin dezakete, kirolariaren erresistentzia mailak esaterako. Ikerketa honen helburu nagusia odoleko laktato kontzentrazio maximoan (LA max), atalase anaerobikoari dagokion odoleko laktato kontzentrazioan (DMAX) eta atalase aerobikoari dagokion odoleko laktato kontzentrazioan (LTD) erresistentzian entrenatuta eta ez entrenatuta dauden gizonezkoen artean ezberdintasunik dagoen aztertzea da. Horretarako 17 txirrindulari edo triatleta entrenatuk (altuera 177.7 ± 8.3 cm; gorputz masa 74.9 ± 10.1 kg; gorputzeko gantza %8.6 ± 2.9) eta txirrinduan entrenatu gabeko 17 pertsona aktibok (altuera 176.4 ± 4.8 cm; gorputz masa 74.7 ± 6.4 kg; gorputzeko gantza %9.6 ± 2.0) intentsitate progresiboduneko test maximo bat burutu zuten. Txirrinduan entrenatutako taldeak txirrinduan ez entrenatutako taldeak baino balio handiagoak izan zituen Wmax-en ehunekotan adierazitako WLTD-an. Laktato eta bihotz maiztasun balioetan (LTD, DMAX, BMmax, BMLTD eta BMDMAX) berriz, talde ez entrenatuak talde entrenatuak baino balio handiagoak izan zituen. Txirrindularitzan entrenatutako taldean LTD eta pedalkaden kadentziak, eta WLTD eta WLTDWmax%-ek erlazio zuzena izan zuten. Txirrindularitzan ez entrenatutako taldean berriz gorputzeko masak, WLTD–k eta Wmax-ek test progresiboko pedalkaden kadentziarekin alderantzizko erlazioa izan zuten. Atalase aerobikoari eta anaerobikoari dagozkien odoleko laktato kontzentrazioak eta bihotz maiztasunak pertsonen zikloergometroko errendimenduan duten papera sakonago aztertu beharko litzateke etorkizuneko ikerketetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/8376,2011,"The objective of this work is to introduce and analyse, on one hand, the texts in Castilian Spanish, complete or fragmentary, that are present in the Lazarraga manuscript: poems written in Spanish or alternating Spanish and Basque, and the paratexts of the manuscript; on the other hand, the influence of Castilian Spanish on the Basque texts is also studied: romance sources, loanwords and linguistic calques.","Lan honen helburua bikoitza da. Alde batetik, Lazarragaren eskuizkribuko gaztelaniazko testuak aurkeztea eta analizatzea, testu horiek osoak edo osatugabeak izan: gaztelaniaz idatzitakoak edo gaztelania eta euskara txandakatzen dituztenak, eta eskuizkribuko paratestuak. Bestetik, gaztelaniak euskal testuetan duen eragina aztertzen da: iturri erromantzeak, hizkuntza maileguak eta hizkuntza kalkoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25009,2007,"The use of computer services, as a way of communication, requires the respect of a certain frame of privacy by the State: the right to the normal use of computer systems, with the guarantee of not being disturbed by unauthorized third parties. After explaining the international norms, the internal legislation regarding this matter is analyzed, with a special emphasis on the penal protection of privacy and personal data, when using the electronic mail or other personal communication modalities by Internet.","Informatika zerbitzuak komunikazio modura erabiltzen baditugu, pribatutasun marjina exijitu diezaiokegu estatuari. Hau da, informatika zerbitzuen erabilera baketsua baimendugabeko hirugarrenen nahasmendurik gabe. Nazio mailako arautegia aurkeztu eta gero, barne legeria aztertzen da gai hauen inguruan, intimitatearen eta datu pertsonalen babes penala bereziki kontutan harturik, bai posta elektronikoa erabiltzerakoan edota internet bidez egindako beste komunikazio pertsonalekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43742,2020-06-03,"Introduction: Chronic hepatitis C continues to bea public health problem that affects 71 million people worldwide. The efficacy and safety of the new direct action antiviral drugs (DAAs) has allowed establishing strategies and objectives for the elimination of the virus (WHO, year 2030). However, these strategies must be individualized in population subgroups with less access to the health systems, establishing micro-elimination measures.Objectives: To evaluate changes in the prevalence of HIV / HCV coinfection, analyzing the efficacy and safety of ADAs. To identify the difficulties in the treatment of certain subgroups and to propose measures that improve prevention and access to diagnosis and treatment.Methods: A descriptive and retrospective observational study of coinfected HIV/HCV patients treated at the Infectious Diseases Service of the University Hospital of Basurto (UHB) until December 31, 2018.Results:We analyzed 742 HIV/HCV coinfected patients. 72.4% are men and 75% are over 50 years old. The most frequently observed genotypes are 1a(37.21%), 3 (27.36%) and 4 (20.66%). The majority of patients (53%) had advanced fibrosis (grade F3 + F4). Treatment with a first line of DAAs achieved a sustained viral response (SVR) in 91% of patients compared to 39% achieved with interferon-ribavirin (PR) treatment. SVR was achieved in 100% of those treated with a second guideline of DAAs. The prevalence of HCV infection in patients with HIV has decreased by 40.7% in 6 years (2013-2018). A percentage of patients have not been treated yet, usually due to loss of follow-up. Discussionand conclusions:The characteristics of the HUB cohort are similar to other Spanish and European cohorts. The elimination of hepatitis C in our environment is getting closer due to the efficacy and safety of the ADAAs since about 100% of patients reach a SVR after one or more lines of treatment. However, it is necessary to reinforce the measures that promote access to diagnosis and treatment to certain subpopulations such as people who inject drugs (PWID). These measures could be implemented in the HUB to achieve microelimination of HCV in patients with HIV infection at the OSI Bilbao-Basurto.","Sarrera: C hepatitis kronikoa osasun arazo publikoa jarraitzen du izaten, mundu osoan 71 milioi pertsona jasaten dutena. Ekintza zuzeneko farmako antibiral (EZA) berrien eraginkortasunak eta segurtasunak birusa ezabatzeko estrategiak eta helburuak ezartzea ahalmendu du (MOE, 2030 urtea). Hala ere, osasun sistematik kanpo askotan gelditzen diren biztanleak estrategia horietan sartzeko, azpitaldeetan artatu behar dira, mikroezabapen neurriak ezarriz.Helburua: GIB/CHB koinfekzioaren prebalentzia aldaketak ebaluatzea, EZAen eraginkortasuna eta segurtasuna aztertuz. Tratatzeko zailtasunak dituzten azpitaldeak identifikatzea eta prebentziorako, diagnostikorako eta tratamendurako hobekuntza neurriak proposatzea.Metodologia: Behaketa ikerketa, deskribatzailea eta atzera begirakoa egin da. Horretarako, 2018ko abenduaren 31 arte Basurtuko Unibertsitate Ospitalearen (BUOaren) Gaixotasun Infekziosoen Zerbitzuaren zaindutakoGIB/CHBaz koinfektatuta dauden pazienteak sartu dira.Emaitzak: GIB/CHBkoinfektatuta dauden742 paziente aztertu ditugu. Koinfektatuen %72,4ak gizonezkoak dira eta %75ek 50 urte baino gehiago dituzte. Gehien ikusitako genotipoak 1a (%37,21), 3 (%27,36) eta 4 (%20,66) dira. Gaixo gehienek (%53) zirrosia izan zuten (F3+F4 fibrosia). Tratamenduak, EZArekin eta lehen saiakeran, pazienteen %91an erantzun biral iraunkorra (EBI) lortu du; interferon-ribabirinarekin (PR) berriz, %39an. EZArekin bigarren saiakeran %100ean lortu zen EBIa. Azken sei urteotan (2013-2018) GIB infekzioa duten gaixoen CHB infekzioaren prebalentzia %40,7an murriztu da.Hala ere, oraindik ez dira gaixo guztiak tratatu, gehienetan haien jarraipena galtzen delako.Eztabaida eta ondorioak:BUOko kohortearen ezaugarriak Espainiako eta Europako beste kohorteen antzekoak dira. C hepatitisaren ezabapena gertu dago gure ingurunean EZAen eraginkortasunari eta segurtasunari esker; gaur egun, pazienteen %100ek EBIa lortzen dutelako. Hala ere, azpitalde batzuk; hala nola, bena barne droga hartzaileak osatzen dutena, tratatuak ahal izateko neurriak hobetu behar ditugu. GIB infekzioa duten gaixoetan CHBaren mikroezabapena lortzeko, neurri hauek Bilbao-Basurto ESIn inplementatu daitezke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60477,2023-03-24,"Automated driving has augmented the interest in evaluating the comfort experienced by passengers in vehicles. In this work, machine learning techniques are used to study the existing relationship between the comfort felt by the vehicle passengers and the signaling obtained from CAN-BUS with the intent of extracting the characteristic driver behaviors originating the discomfort. Data from the Uyanik database is analysed making use of the acceleration threshold theory to assess the comfort. First, the data is preprocessed through a chain of cleaning, normalizing, categorising and oversampling, to be suitable for the algorithms. Then, the implemented machine learning techniques, the Radial Basis Function and the Self Organized Map, are trained utilizing the vehicle data. The Radial Basis Function exhibits poor prediction and indicates an improper comfort categorisation. The Self Organized Map recognizes five different discomforting driving patterns. Each one is analysed, the association between the driving actions the discomfort level are observed and driving recommendations are formed in the nature of gas, break and steering wheel operations. Finally, making use of these analyses, a driver study is conducted allows comparing the maneuvering of the vehicle and the discomfort produced respectively by each driver. Overall, distinct conditions and specific vehicle maneuvering are responsible for producing discomfort and drivers are generally comforting. As future work, Decision Trees or Feature Selection - Extraction algorithms will be implemented, and better data categorisation will be made.","Gidatze automatikoak ibilgailuetan bidaiariek bizi duten erosotasuna ebaluatzeko interesa areagotu du. Lan honetan, ikaskuntza automatikoko teknikak erabiltzen dira ibilgailuko bidaiariek sentitzen duten erosotasunaren eta CAN-BUSetik lortutako seinaleztapenaren arteko erlazioa aztertzeko, ondoeza eragiten duten gidariaren jokabide ezaugarriak ateratzeko asmoz. Uyanik datu-baseko datuak analizatzen dira, azelerazio-atalasearen teoria erabiliz erosotasuna ebaluatzeko. Lehenik eta behin, datuak aldez aurretik garbitu, normalizatu, kategorizatu eta gainlagindu egiten dira, algoritmoetarako egokia izan daitezen. Ondoren, inplementatutako ikaskuntza automatikoko teknikak, Oinarri Erradialaren Funtzioa eta Auto-Antolatutako Mapa, ibilgailuaren datuak erabiliz entrenatzen dira. Oinarri Erradialaren Funtzioak iragarpen txarra erakusten du eta erosotasunaren kategorizazioa oker bat adierazten du. Auto-Antolatzen Mapak bost gidatzeko eredu deseroso ezberdin ezberdintzen ditu. Bakoitza aztertzen da, ibilgailua gidatzeko ekintzen artean ondoeza maila nabaritzen da eta gidatze-gomendioak eratzen dira gas pedal, balazta eta bolante ekintzetan. Azkenik, analisi horietaz baliatuz, gidariaren azterketa bat burutu da, eta gidarien maniobragarritasuna alderatzen du, ibilgailua eta gidari bakoitzak sortutako ondoeza, hurrenez hurren. Oro har, hainbat baldintza eta ibilgailuen maniobra zehatzak ondoeza sortzeaz arduratzen dira, eta gidariak, oro har, erosoak dira. Etorkizuneko lan gisa, Erabaki Zuhaitzak edo Hautaketa - Erauzketa Algoritmoak erabiliko dira eta datuen kategorizazio hobea egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59989,2023-02-20,"The teaching of the digestive system (DS) is one of the most common topics in the scientific area, in spite of that, there are few works on digestion in Early Childhood Education. The aim of this work has been to teach the basic concepts of the DS a didactic sequence composed of different strategies, including drawings, 3D models and role play. The drawings were made at the beginning and at the end, the models were created with the help of the children and in the dramatization they were the directors. In addition, the students' opinions were collected, and the model was the most successful activity. The results obtained demonstrate the importance of having combined the three different strategies for the development of knowledge about DS.","Sistema digestiboaren (SD) gaia zientzia arloan ezagunenetakoa da, hala ere, Haur Hezkuntza mailan horri lotutako lanak ez dira asko. Lan honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako 5 urteko ikasleek sistema digestiboari buruzko kontzeptu nagusiak ikastea izan da. Horretarako, estrategia desberdinez osaturiko sekuentzia didaktikoaz baliatu da ikertzailea. Estrategia horiek hurrengoak izan dira: marrazkiak, 3D-ko maketak eta antzerkia. Marrazkiak prozesuaren hasieran eta amaieran erabili dira, maketak umeen laguntzaz sortu dira eta antzerkian ikasleak izan dira zuzendariak. Parte-hartzaileen iritzia bildu da ere, jarduera guztiak landu ondoren maketa izanik arrakasta gehien izan duena. Emaitzek ondorioztatu dute zer nolako garrantzia izan duen hiru estrategien elkarrekintza SDri buruzko ezagutzak garatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43058,2020-05-07,"The objective of this work is to demonstrate the importance of language in Early Childhood Education and therefore carry out techniques and resources for children to develop language skills. In order to do this, a reflection on the embrace of language will be made where the factors that influence the development of the language will be named. Furthermore, oral language will be given great importance in this report due to the children through the oral communication have the first touch with the language and in Early Childhood Education oral language is necessary to guarantee the social development of the students (even though in classrooms it is not given enough importance). Thus, the role that plays the teacher in teaching of the oral expression. Finally, different activities will be done to work orality in Early Childhood Education in an innovative and entertaining way in which great importance will be given to the oral communication.","Lan honen helburua hizkuntzaren garrantzia Haur Hezkuntzan aipatzea eta horren ondorioz, umeek hizkuntza gaitasuna eraikitzeko baliabideak/teknikak aurrera eramatea da. Horretarako, hizkuntzaren jabekuntzaren inguruko hausnarketa egingo da, non bertan eragina duten faktoreak eta hizkuntzaren jabekuntza indartzeko jarraibideak garatuko diren. Bestalde, ahozko hizkuntzari garrantzi handia emango zaio txosten honetan. Izan ere, umeek ahozko hizkuntzaren bidez, lehenengo kontaktua dute hizkuntzarekin eta Haur Hezkuntzan ahozko hizkuntza ezinbestekoa da umeak sozialki garatzeko (nahiz eta eskoletan ahozkoari garrantzi handia ez eman). Horren ondorioz, irakaslearen rola ahozko hizkuntzaren didaktikan eta hizkuntza baten ahozkoa lantzeko prozesua jorratuko dira. Horrez gain, umeek ahozkotasuna bereganatzeko etapak edo garapena aurrera eramango dira. Azkenik, esku artean duzun lan honetan, Haur Hezkuntzako umeekin ahozkotasuna lantzeko hainbat proposamen eskaintzen dira, zeinak berritzaileak izango diren; hau da, ahozkotasuna modu dibertigarri batean ikasteko aukera emango da, umearen garapenean ahozkoari garrantzi handia emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19486,2016-11-07,"The aim of this project is to explain how to design the tools needed for the optimum stamping process of an automotive part and to show the advantages that the PamStamp software can bring to that process. In fact, using this type of software to simulate the stamping process allows optimizing it. For that reason, it is not necessary to manufacture those tools each time different changes are made, minimizing time and costs. In this project, the input parameters of the stamping process will be accurately calculated thanks to the virtual simulations, ensuring the optimum future manufacturing of the chosen automotive part: a wing.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia automobilgintzako karrozeria osagai baten enbutizio optimorako beharrezkoak diren erreminten diseinua egitea eta PamStamp bezalako programa batek prozesuari ekar diezazkiokeen abantailak aurkeztea da, izan ere, mota honetako programek estanpazio prozesuen optimizazioa ahalbidetzen dute. Ondorioz, ez da beharrezkoa erreminta horiek fabrikatzea aldaketak egiten diren aldi bakoitzean eta horrek kostuen eta denboraren minimizazioa dakar. Proiektu honetan, enbutizioaren sarrera parametroak zehaztasunez kalkulatuko dira programak eskaintzen duen simulazio birtualari esker, aukeratutako karrozeriako hegalaren fabrikazio optimoa ziurtatuko delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20100,2017-01-09,"The rewriting of the folk tales is a frequent practice that has facilitated these tales persistence through time and assume a greater role in Children´s literature. In this paper it is made an analysis of several folk tales and different rewrites to determine, through the comparison among them, what changes are carried out on a regular basis at the time of reworking these works for children. In addition, the analysis will help to understand some of the possible reasons why these stories are rewritten","Herri ipuinen berridazketa ipuin hauexen iraupena bermatu, eta aldi berean heuren haur literaturarekiko garrantzia areagotu duen ohiko praktika da. Lan honetan zenbait herri ipuinen eta hauen berridazketa ezberdinen arteko analisia egiten da, haurrei egokitzerak oan zer aldaketa jasaten dituzten zehazteko hain zuzen. Bestalde, azterketa hau ipuinen berridazketaren gaineko arrazoiak ulertzen lagungarri gertatuko zaigu ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51045,2021-04-16,"The harbour works, as in other field of harbours, they can and should adapt for save their development. The state organization `Puertos del Estado ́ is which has to encourage to port authorities of each Spanish port. Taking advantage of this thesis ́ floating structure, is a good example. Which was already placed on a Bilbao Ports ́ dock and it has been moved with the purpose of increasing another dock in this port. In this way it can avoid building new one just for the increase, that it would be more expensive. But this operation presents difficulties as for Port Authority (due to its part on the organization in this unusual work) as for the part hired which works with maritime equipment. Because it ́s necessary the correct adjustment of a structure that was not made for this purpose.","Portuko obra, portuko beste eremu batzuk bezala, egokitu daiteke eta egokitu behar du bere garapena ekonomizatzeko. Erakunde publiko eta empresariala “Puertos del Estado”, Espainiako portu bakoitzeko Portu Agintaritzei hori sustatzeko eginkizuna du. Lan honetako tiradera flotatzailearen aprobetxamendua adibide argia da. Bilboko portuko kai batean jarrita zegoen eta portu honetako pantalan bat handitzeko asmoz lekualdatu da. Horrela, eraikuntza bat egitea bakarrik handitzeko saihestu daiteke. Baina eragiketa honek zailtasunak ditu, bai Portuko Agintaritzarentzat (ez delako oso ohikoa antolatzea) bai itsas ekipoekin lan egiten duen kontratatutako partaidearentzat. Proposamen honetarako egin ez den egitura egokitu behar delako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19453,2016-10-28,"The main objective of this essay is to study the influence of the mesh that is over the façade of the Bilboko Industria Ingenieritza Teknikoko Unibertsitate Eskola. More precisely, the aim of this writing is to know how the net affects to the lighting and comfort inside the building. Since an adequate use of the solar resources can lead to an improvement on the efficiency of the building. Before analysing the effects that this protection system may have inside the building, a more simple house will be built, with the objective of investigating different ways for the calculation and modelling. Autodesk Ecotect Analysis will be the programme used to achieve the objectives mentioned before. Due to its versatility and multiplicity of options, beside the calculation, it is also possible to model the 3D building, among other many possibilities. Ones the 3D model is built, the mesh will be studied. That way, it will be possible to compare those results with the bare façade building. Obviously, the suitability of the mesh's analysis will be developed with Bilbao's location and climatology data. These collected data of Bilbao will be used to check out the validity and convenience of the installation of the mesh. At the same time and among other factors, it will be also studied the lighting or the lack of it. Finally, based on all the information recollected in the previous steps, and taking the position and orientation into account, it will be deduced if the mesh has a real porpoise, such as an energetic saving, or if it is just something aesthetic. Due to that, there will be made different options.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Bilboko Industria Ingeniaritza Teknikoko Unibertsitate Eskola-ren fatxada-kanpoaldean kokatzen den sarea, eraikin barnean izan dezakeen eragina aztertzea da. Hain zuzen ere, sare honek eraikinaren barneko argiztapenari eta konfortari eragiten dion influentzia jakitea da helburua. Izan ere, eguzki-izpien erabilera egoki batek, eraikinaren energia-efizientziaren hobekuntza batera eraman baitezake. Babes sistema honek unibertsitateko eraikinean dituen ondorioak aztertu baino lehen, sistema berbera etxe sinple batean simulatu egin da. Bertan, modelatze eta kalkulatze modu desberdinak aplikatuko dira, eta ondoren, konklusioak lan honi dagokion eraikinean aplikatuko dira. Aipatutako helburu guztiak burutu ahal izateko, Autodesk Ecotect Analysis programa erabili da. Programa honen moldakortasuna eta aukera anitzak direla eta, kalkuluak egiteaz gain, posible izan da 3D modeloa bera bertan egitea. Horregatik, behin 3D modeloa osatu ostean, programa honen bidez kanpoaldeko sarea duen modeloa gehitu eta aztertu zaio, ondoren fatxada biluzik duen aukerarekin alderatuz. Sare honen egokitasuna aztertu ahal izateko, eraikin honi erantsi edo lotu behar zaizkion kokapen edo eguraldi datuak, Bilbo hiriari buruz jasotako informazioarekin garatu izan da. Beraz, Bilboko klimaren eragina aztertuko da sarearen baliagarritasuna aztertzeko. Honetaz gain, sareak barneko geletan eragiten duen argitasun falta ere ikertu da. Bukatzeko, aurretik lortutako datu guztiei esker, kokapena eta orientazioa kontuan hartuta, sarea benetan eraginkorra den, edo bestalde, ikuspuntu estetiko batetik baino jarri ez den ondorioztatu egingo da. Hori dela eta, aukera ezberdineko modeloak ikertuko dira ere. Era honetan, posible izango da hautabide desberdinen artean egokiena erabakitzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55046,2022-01-18,"The main aim of this study was to analyse the type of intervention that is carried out with students with dyslexia in schools. With that purpose, a questionnaire was created, which was answered by 16 people with this difficulty, and an interview was held with a professional who works with this type of students on a daily basis. The results showed that in many cases, the difficulty was detected late. In addition, most of the survey respondents stated that dyslexia brought them emotional and social/relational symptoms. Even though they received some support, most of them would like to have received more from their schools than what they received. Finally, some indications or guidelines to be followed by these centres after detecting a case of dyslexia among their students were presented. INGLÉS","Ikerketa honen xedea ikastetxeetan dislexia duten ikasleriarekin burutzen diren esku-hartze motak aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, galdetegi bat sortu zen, zailtasun hau zuten 16 pertsonek erantzun zutena, eta elkarrizketa bat egin zitzaion egunerokotasunean horrelako ikasleekin lan egiten duen profesional bati. Horrela, emaitzek agerian utzi zuten askotan zailtasuna berandu detektatu zela. Horrez gain, inkestatuen gehiengoak dislexiak sintoma emozionalak eta sozialak/erlazionalak sortu zizkiola adierazi zuen. Bestalde, zenbait laguntza jaso izan arren, gehiengoak nahiago izango zukeen ikastetxeen aldetik laguntza gehiago izan. Azkenik, ikasleriaren artean dislexia kasuren bat detektatu ondoren, ikastetxeek dituzten argibide edo jarraibideak ezagutu ahal izan ziren. EUSKERA" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57118,2022-08-02,"Shared control techniques for Automated Driving require high-quality equipment to step up from hardware-in-the-loop simulations to real applications. Nevertheless, not every car used nowadays for Automated Driving research has a suitable steering system. This project develops a fast, reliable, and efficient two-way low-level controller of a power steering, focusing on its application in torque and position control. Hence, following this methodology, not only shared control techniques are enabled by the torque control, but also fully automated vehicles can benefit from the position control.","Gidatze automatizaturako kontrol partekatuko teknikek kalitate handiko ekipamendua behar dute hardware-in-the-loop simulaziotik benetako aplikazioetara pasatzeko. Hala ere, gaur egun gidatze automatizatua ikertzeko erabiltzen diren auto guztiek ez dute direkzio-sistema egoki bat. Proiektu honek maila baxuko kontrolatzaileak garatzen ditu, azkarrak, fidagarriak eta pare eta posizio-eraginkorrak, lagunduriko direkzio baterako. Horrela, eta metodologia horri jarraiki, pare-kontrolak kontrol partekatuko teknikak gaitzen ditu. Gainera, automatizatutako ibilgailuek posizio-kontrolaren abantailak ere erabil ditzakete." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24949,2017,"In this Bachelor’s Degree Final Project, using the Service-learning methodology and after analysing the needs in Ramon Bajo School, we were asked to design a context for children’s well-being and development. Due to this, the activity is going to be made by the workshop methodology focusing on the orchard. The first aim in this project is to analyse the competences and values that were developed in the Service-learning methodology. In this way, analysing criticism, reflection, satiate of the need in the community, group work, autonomy, altruism and commitment. The second aim of the project is to analyse well-being and development of children using the workshop methodology. Thus, analysing, the motivation, contact with nature and communication. For this analysis a daily paper was written to make the categories, together with the contents analysis. With this test it is claimed the productivity and the validity of Service-learning, considering that some competences and values were developed for teachers training and to developed some context for children’s well-being.","Amaierako Lan honetan, Ikaskuntza-zerbitzuaren metodologiaren bidez, Ramon Bajoko ikastetxeko beharrak aztertu ondoren, bazkalosteko ordurako haurren ongizate eta garapenerako testuingurua diseinatzea eskatu zen. Horregatik, Haur Hezkuntzako umeekin baratzan zentratutako tailerren metodologia erabili da. Lehenengo helburua, Ikaskuntza-zerbitzuaren bidezko metodologiaren bidez garatu diren konpetentziak eta balioak aztertzea da. Modu honetan, kritikotasuna, hausnarketa, komunitatearen beharraren asetzea, elkarlana, autonomia, altruismoa eta konpromisua aztertuz. Bigarrena, tailerren bidezko metodologia erabilita haurren ongizatea eta garapena aztertzea da, horrela, motibagarria den, naturarekin kontaktua eta komunikazioa aztertuz. Azterketa horretarako esperientzia iraun duen bitartean jasotako egunerokoen kategorizazioa egin da eduki analisiaren bidez. Analisi horri esker, Ikaskuntza-zerbitzuaren metodologiaren eraginkortasuna eta baliagarritasuna ziurtatu egin da, etorkizuneko irakasleen formaziorako, hainbat konpetentzia eta balio garatzen laguntzen duelako eta umeen ongizaterako eta garapenerako testuinguruak garatzeko aukera ematen duelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19632,2016-11-28,"The following document describes the operation of an electronic circuit whose function is to convert an input analogic signal to a current one and transmit it through a two-wire loop in order to reduce noise and interference during the transmission. Then, when the transmission is over, there is a reconversion to the original voltage signal which is isolated for the next step. If the output signal is completely equal to the incoming one, the target of the project will be achieved.","Hurrengo dokumentuak zirkuitu elektroniko baten funtzionamendua deskribatzen du. Bere funtzio nagusia sarrerako seinale analogiko bat korrontera bihurtzea eta bi alanbre begizta baten bidez bidaltzea da. Horrela, zarata eta interferentziak murriztea lortzen da. Transmisioa osatu ondoren, sistema hartzaileak jaso duen seinalea tentsio batera bihurtzen du, eta datorren fasera isolatuta bidaltzen da. Irteerako seinalea sarrerakoa guztiz berdin bada, proiektuaren oinarrizko helburua bete izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54110,2021-11-25,"In the twenty-first century society, the consequences of the digitalization process can be seen clearly. The majority of the population uses ICTs in their everyday nature, and beyond the academic use of those, ICTs are part of people’s social life. The digitalization process mentioned above has a significant impact on the young population. Social networks and online games are one of the most used tools and young people tend to have a lot of social activity on them. In nowadays society, these tools are another way to relate between people and can affect students' subjectivity. This study analysed young people's ICT usage habits and their perception of privacy. To do so, a questionnaire was distributed to three educational centres, to which 272 pupils responded. The data analysed shows that pupils are daily users of ICT. Even so, there are different aspects in which training is very necessary.","XXI. mendeko gizartean digitalizazio prozesuaren ondorio nabarmenak ikus daitezke. Gizartearen gehiengoak egunerokotasunean erabiltzen ditu Informazio eta Komunikazio Teknologiak (IKT) eta, erabilera akademikotik haratago, bizitza sozialaren parte dira. Gainera, digitalizazioak pisu handia izaten du nerabeengan, une oro sarera konektatuta bizi dira eta euren bizitzako arlo askotan erabiltzen dituzte IKTak. Sare sozial eta online jolasak dira adin-tarte horretako pertsonen artean gehien erabiltzen direnak eta aktibitate sozial handia edukitzen dute. XXI. mendeko gizartean harremantzeko beste bide bat dira tresna hauek eta ikasleen subjektibitatean eragin handia izan dezakete. Lan honetan Lehn Hezkuntza-ko (LH) 5 eta 6. mailako ikasleen erabilera-ohiturak eta pribatutasunaren pertzepzioa aztertu dira. Horretarako, galdetegi bat pasa da hiru ikastetxetatik eta 272 ikaslek erantzun dute. Emaitzetan ikus daitekeen bezala ikasle hauek IKTen erabiltzaileak dira, nahiz eta, zenbait aspektutan ezjakintasuna nagusitzen den. Ezjakintasun honen aurrean formakuntzaren beharra ezinbestekoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37109,2019-12-19,"The objective of the following degree thesis is to get the energy certification of an existing dwelling. For such purpose, the program CE3X will be used to achieve numeric values based on statistic data provided by the data base of the software. Further improvements will be studied and quantified in order to increase the efficiency rate previously obtained. That way energy savings and new energy qualification will be both estimated and evaluated, together with the profitability analysis of the alternatives attending the economic aspect.","Segidan aurkezten den GrAL-ak etxebizitza baten ziurtagiri energetikoaren lorpena du helburu. Hau lortzeko CE3X programaz baliatuko da kalkulu numerikoak lortzeko asmoz, zeinak softwarearen datu basea izango duten oinarri. Behin ziurtagiria lortuta, zenbait alternatiben proposamen eta ikasketari ekingo zaio aurrez lorturiko kontsumo energetikoaren emaitza hobetzeko xedearekin. Hala aurrezpen energetikoak zein kalifikazio energetiko berria eta haren egoera kuantifikatuko dira, bai eta hobekuntzen errentagarritasunaren ikasketa murritza egin aspektu ekonomikoa dela medio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26698,1995,"A reflection about the rigth of Asylum, at national and international level, is made elated to the immigration phenomenon and its incidence. Likewise, a special reference to refugee women is presented, to finish with a brief explanation of the Ombudsman institution actions in the matter.","Asilo eskubideari buruzko gogoeta bat egiten da nazio eta nazioarteko mailan, inmigrazioaren fenomenoa eta bere baterapuntuarekin lotuta, emakume errefuxiatuen egoerari buruzko aipamen berezi bat eginez. Azkenik ""Defensor del Pueblo"" delakoaren erakundeak burututako eginkizunak laburki azaldu egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27985,2018,"The aim of this work is to investigate the didactic value of the story as a tool for teaching mathematics. Literature on mathematics and children's literature at early ages is reviewed. Next, an analysis is given of an intervention carried out using a mathematised story. Finally, some conclusions are drawn regarding the objectives and the implementation of the intervention. These conclusions suggest lines to be followed up for the development and improvement of this didactic implement.","Lan honetan ipuinek Haur Hezkuntzako matematiken ikaskuntza eta irakaskuntzarako daukaten potentziala aztertu nahi da. Horretarako haur literaturaren eta haurrentzako matematiken inguruko hausnarketa teoriko bat egiten da. Ondoren, ipuin baten matematizazioan oinarritutako esku-hartzea deskribatzen eta aztertzen da. Azkenik, ondorioak aurkezten dira, lanaren helburuei zein esku-hartzeari berari dagozkienak. Konklusioon harira, lanari egin dakizkioken hobekuntzak ere aipatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53960,2021-11-22,"The objective of this work focuses on the characterisation of friction and durability of self-lubricating polyurethane seals (HPU Lubric©) for an application such as pneumatic cylinders. For this purpose, a direct comparison will be made with a reference polyurethane (HPU Premium©). These two materials have the same properties with the only difference that HPU Lubric seal has self-lubricating properties. The polymers have been manufactured by the company Trygonal Iberia SL. The main motivation of the project is to develop the test procedure, as there are currently hardly any standard specifications for testing seals of this type, or for polymers in general, compared to those that exist for metals. To carry out the project, tribological characterisation tests were carried out firstly on the SRV tribometer, in which the pin-disc configuration was selected. Being the polyurethane the pin and the disc a chromium-plated steel. Afterwards, tests were carried out on the TESSA seal test bench to obtain the tribological properties of the component and thus, be able to compare these results with the ones obtained on the tribometer. Once the tests were completed, the results obtained were analysed by means of friction force, temperature, and pressure readings, making a comparison between the two materials. In addition, the specimens were analysed both, with the optical magnifying glass and with an optical microscope. The mass of the specimens was measured both, at the beginning and at the end of the test to analyse the mass loss. The results showed an improvement in the tribological properties of the HPU Lubric seals compared to the HPU Premium reference material. This difference was noticeable at higher temperatures, which, at higher temperatures obtained during the tests, i.e. the most extreme conditions for the seal, the self- lubrication of the material causes the seal to suffer less due to a continuous and consistent film that is created on the shaft, reducing both, the friction between the seal and the shaft, and the wear of the seal.","Lanaren helburu nagusia propietate auto lubrikatzaileak dituen zilindro pneumatikoetarako junta berri bat (HPU Lubric©) karakterizatzea da. Horretarako, erreferentziatzat hartutako poliuretanozko juntarekiko (HPU Premium©) diferentziak ikertuko dira. Bi materialek antzerako propietate mekanikoak dituzte, ezberdintasun batekin, HPU Premium materialak propietate auto lubrikatzaileak dituela. Juntak Trygonal Iberia SL enpresarengatik fabrikatuak izan dira. Proiektuaren motibazio nagusia entseguetarako prozedimendu bat sortzearena da, ez baitago ia arau estandarrik juntak entseiatzeko, ezta polimeroentzat orokorrean, metalekin daudenekin alderatuta. Proiektua aurrera eraman ahal izateko, karakterizazio tribologikorako entseguak egin dira, lehenik eta behin SRV tribometroan, non pin-diskoa konfigurazioarekin egin diren entseguak, pina polimeroa izanik eta diskoa altzairu kromatua. Ondoren, frikzio eta iraunkortasun probak egin ziren juntentzako TESSA entsegu bankuan. Bankuan egindako entseguen helburua konponentearen propietate tribologikoak lortzearena eta hauen emaitzak tribometroan lorturiko emaitzekin alderatzea da. Behin entseguak eginda, lortutako emaitzak analizatu dira, hau da, entseguetan lorturiko frikzio indarra, tenperatura eta presioaren datuak analizatu eta bi materialen arteko ezberdintasunak ikertu. Horretaz gain, saiakuntzak eginiko probetak mikroskopio optikoarekin zein lupa optikoaren analizatu egin dira. Probeten hasierako zein amaierako masak ere neurtu egin dira haien masa galerak analizatu ahal izateko. Emaitzetan ikusi da nola HPU Lubric juntak HPU Premium juntak baino jarrera hobea izan dutela propietate tribologikoetan. Hobekuntza hori gehien ikusi den momentua tenperatura altuak lortu direnean izan da, gero eta tenperatura altuagoa lortu, hau da, kondizio zakarrenak izan diren momentuetan, materialaren auto lubrikazio funtzioari esker juntak jasandako esfortzuak txikiagoak izan dira, honek ardatzean sorturiko etengabea eta trinkoa den film-ari esker frikzio indarra eta desgastea murrizten baititu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41364,2020-02-20,"The voice is the teachers’ most used resource in childhood education, apart from being used to do activities and to transmit knowledge, behaviours and rules, it is the main medium to establish an emotional and affective bond. The voice is teachers’ daily tool and for that reason it is important to know how to use it properly; it is so important, that problems related to the voice are the second reason for teachers’ sick leaves. In this project childhood education teachers’ knowledge and behaviour regarding the use of the voice and vocal education have been researched, concluding that there is a big lack of consciousness and knowledge. In order to ensure students’ and teachers’ welfare, it is necessary to offer vocal education and, also, to promise to work on it.","Haur Hezkuntzako gelan ahotsa da irakaslearen baliabiderik erabiliena, ezagutza transmititzeaz eta ekintzak egiteaz gain, jarrerak, arauak eta, bereziki, haurtzaroan oinarrizkoa den zubi emozional zein afektiboa eraikitzeko bide nagusia baita. Irakaslearen eguneroko lan-tresna denez, egoki erabiltzen jakitea garrantzitsua da; hain da garrantzitsua, non irakasleak gaixotzearen bigarren arrazoi ohikoena ahots-arazoak diren. Lan honetan Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleen ahotsaren erabilerari zein ahots-hezkuntzari buruzko ezagutzak eta jarrerak ikertu dira eta, orokorrean, bai inkontzientzia, bai ezjakintasun nabaria dagoela ondorioztatu da. Irakasleen eta ikasleen ongizatea bermatzeko, beharrezkoa da ahotsaren inguruko formakuntza eskaintzea, baita norberak ahotsa lantzeko konpromisoa hartzea ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14408,2015-02-13,"Enhancing the handover process in broadband wireless communication deployment has traditionally motivated many research initiatives. In a high-speed railway domain, the challenge is even greater. Owing to the long distances covered, the mobile node gets involved in a compulsory sequence of handover processes. Consequently, poor performance during the execution of these handover processes significantly degrades the global end-to-end performance. This document proposes a new handover strategy for the railway domain: a decision algorithm for LTE distance based instead of power based. The handover decision is made when the candidate eNB is closer to the UE than the source eNB. Additionally, this decision can be delayed through a threshold. Also, a new function is added to the LTE model of the simulation platform used for verification of this model. This decision mechanism inserts less delay at the handover processes and, thus, the end-to-end quality increases.","Hari gabeko banda zabalaren komunikazioaren zabalkuntzan handober prozesua obetzeak betidanik eragin ditu ikerketa ekimenak. Abiadura handiko trenen eremuan erronka are zailagoa da. Betetzen diren distantzia handiengatik, nodo mobilak nahitaezko handober prozesuen sekuentzia bat eragin behar du. Ondorioz, handober prozesu hoiek gauzatze errendimendu eskasa mutur-muturrezko errendimentu globala garrantzitsuki narriatu dezake.Dokumentu honek handober eragiteko estrategia berria proposatzen du trenen eremuarentzak: LTE-ntzako erabaki-algoritmo bat distantzian oinarritua potentzian ordez. eNB hautagai bat UE-tik iturri eNB-a baino hurbilago dagoenean handober eragiteko erabakia hartzen da. Gainera, erabaki hori atari baten bidez atzeratzeko aukera dago. Era berean, eradu hau egiaztatzeko erabiltzen den plataformara LTE eraduarentzet funtzio berria bat gehitzen zaio. Erabaki-mekanismo honek handover pozesuan sartzen duen atzerapena txikiagoa da, beraz, mutur-muturrezko kalitatea obetzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43111,2020-05-08,"The project is part of a series of projects which holds the main goal of elaborating a construction guide. This guide is made for the design, development and implementation of a mockup thermal plant, laboratory scaled. The intention of making this mockup is to regulate and control the temperature of a small confined space, by using a thermal resistor, four different temperature sensors and a PID controller. This specific project aims to achieve a better development of the circuits, previously designed in other projects of the series mentioned, for temperature readings so they can be made into PCBs. Real design of the steel frame and its environment needed to confine a space to hold a thermal resistor and its sensors. PID controller’s code implementation. Every aspect related to this project it has been done by open source methodology because of its didactical purpose.","Lan hau laborategi eskalan zentral termiko baten eredua diseinatzeko, garatzeko eta ezartzeko helburuarekin garatutako lan serie multzo baten parte da. Eredu honen bidez, mugatutako espazio txiki baten tenperatura erregulatu eta kontrolatu nahi da. Horretarako erresistentzia bat (berogailu moduan erabilita), lau tenperatura sentsore desberdin eta PID kontroladore bat erabili dira. Lan honekin, bereziki, aldez aurretik garatutako lanek ezarritako tenperatura neurtzeko zirkuituen garapenean sakondu nahi izan da, geroago PCB-tan ezartzeko. Berogailu erresistentzia eta sentsoreak edukitzeko euskarriaren diseinua. PID kontroladorearen kodigoaren programazioa. Lan honekin lotutako guztia Open Source softwarearekin garatu da xede didaktikoarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29506,2018-10-31,"The company Valvulas MJ wants to create a new factory, for this purpose the company MJ Instalazioak will perform all the necessary electrical installation. The factory will be located in Urduliz and will aim to manufacture large-sized valves. On the other hand, the electrical installation will take place in an area of 600 m2 with 518 m2 useful area. To perform the electrical installation, the company MJ Instalazioak will design the transformation center and renew all the low voltage installation. The low voltage installation will have the following elements: A general box, a secondary box, lighting circuits, the circuit of forces and the machines. Apart from this, the company valvulas MJ has requested the development of two programs to the company MJ Instalazioak. One of them will consist of monitoring the installation, showing the currents that go to each machine. The other program will be of great help at the time of choosing sections of the wires and the corresponding security elements. The pilot program that indicates the currents that goes to the machine will be an innovative program, in this way, when you have to do the maintenance of the machine, it will be very useful. Later on, if this pilot program is developed, could be achieved the complete control of the all installation The Matlab GUI tool will be used to carry out the program. Using this graphical interface, the current that goes to each machine will be monitored. The program for the selection of the section and the adequate protection of the wires will be a useful program for the maintenance department. In this case, Excel VBA has been used to carry out the program. For example, after a fault in a wire of the installation, this program will be used to change the corresponding protection or wire, or if you want to increase the factory by entering new machines, it will be used to make the correct decision when adding new wires and their corresponding protections. In general the parts of the project are the following points: 1) Development of the project. 1.1. Calculation and design of the transformation center. 1.2. Calculation and design of lighting. 1.3. Calculation and design of emergency lighting. 1.4. Calculation of the section of the wires. 1.5. Calculation of the section of the protections. 1.6. Calculation of grounding. 1.7. Compensation of reactive power. 1.8. Uninterruptible power supply. 2) Program to monitor the installation, showing the currents that go to each machine. 3) Program for the choice of wires and their respective protections. 4) Realization of the intallation.","Valvulas MJ enpresak fabrika berri bat sortu nahi du, horretarako MJ Instalazioak enpresak instalazio elektriko osoa burutuko du. Fabrika berria Urdulizen kokaturik egongo da eta tamaina handiko balbulak egingo ditu. Beste aldetik, instalazio elektrikoa 600 m2-ko gainazala duen fabrika batetan burutuko da, hauetatik 518 m2 erabilgarriak direnak. Instalazio elektrikoa aurrera eramateko, MJ Instalazioak enpresak transformazio zentro berria diseinatuko du eta behe tentsioko instalazio elektrikoa osorik berrituko du. Enpresaren behe tentsioko instalazioak elementu hauek izan behar ditu: koadro orokorra, koadro sekundarioa, argiztapenerako zirkuituak, indarren zirkuituak eta makinak. Honetaz gain, Valvulas MJ enpresak bi programa desberdin eskatu dizkio MJ Instalazioak enpresa proiektugileari. Batak makinara doan korrontea monitorizatuko du, eta besteak eroaleen sekzioa eta babes egokiaren aukeraketa egokia burutzeko erabiliko da. Makinara doan korrontea monitorizatuko duen programa pilotua berritzailea izango da, modu honetan makinen mantenua burutzerakoan lagungarria izango dena. Aurrerago, programa pilotua garatuz gero, instalazioaren monitorizatzeaz gain, instalazio osoaren kontrola lortu ahal izango da. Programa burutzeko, Matlabeko GUI erreminta erabiliko da. Interfaze grafiko honen bidez, aurretik aipatu bezala, makina bakoitzera doan korrontea monitorizatuko da. Eroaleen sekzioa eta babes aproposaren aukeraketa egiteko programa, lagungarria izango da mantentze departamenturako. Kasu honetan, Exceleko VBA programaren bidez burutuko da. Batik bat, arazo baten aurrean babesaren aldaketa egiteko erabiliko duena, edota enpresa handitu nahi izanez gero, makina berriak sartzerakoan, eroale eta babes berriak gehitzerako momentuan hautaketa egokia egiteko erabiliko dena. Orokorrean, proiektuko atalak hurrengokoak dira: 1) Proiektuaren garapena. 1.1. Transformazio zentroaren kalkulu eta diseinua. 1.2. Barneko argiztapenaren kalkulu eta diseinua. 1.3. Larrialdiko argiztapenaren kalkulu eta diseinua. 1.4. Eroaleen sekzioen kalkulua. 1.5. Babesen kalkulua. 1.6. Lurrera jartzeko kalkuluak. 1.7. Energia erreaktiboaren konpentsazioa. 1.8. Etengabeko elikatze-iturria. 2) Instalazioa monitorizatzeko programa, makina bakoitzera doan korrontea adieraziko duelarik. 3) Eroaleen sekzioa eta bere babeseko elementuak hautatzeko programa. 4) Instalazioaren errealizazioa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/66131,2024-02-28,"The emergence of new information and communication technologies has directly influenced labor relations, contributing, among other things, to increasing the employer's control power. However, it cannot be denied that the use of these mechanisms may violate the fundamental rights of workers. Among these resources, the most common and the one that has generated the most conflicts has been the use of video surveillance cameras. Although the enactment of the Personal Data Protection Law of 2018 regulated the use of these instruments in the workplace for the first time, it has not managed to eradicate all the problems. Therefore, as will be analyzed in this work, the interpretive work carried out by the Courts has been fundamental when it comes to regulating the use of video surveillance cameras in the workplace.","Informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologia berrien agerpenak zuzeneko eragina izan du lan-harremanetan, enpresaburuaren kontrol boterea handitzen lagundu baitute, besteak beste. Hala ere, ezin da ukatu mekanismo horien erabilerak langileen oinarrizko eskubideak urratu ditzakeenik. Baliabide horien artean, ohikoena eta gatazka gehien sortu dituena bideozaintzako-kameren erabilera izan da. Datu Pertsonalen Babeserako 2018ko Legearen aldarrikapenak lehen aldiz arautu bazuen ere tresna horien erabilera lantokian, ez du lortu arazo guztiak desagerrarazterik. Horregatik, lan honetan aztertuko den bezala, Auzitegiek egindako interpretazio-lana ezinbestekoa izan da lantokian bideozaintzako-kameren erabilera arautzerakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29466,2018-10-31,"The “PLAN DE GESTIÓN INTEGRAL DEL AGUA EN AGURAIN/SALVATIERRA (ÁLAVA)” project is developed in the context of a locality where several water management problems can be found. The present water management has a lack of public or private institutions which guarantee and preserve the good operation of the current system. In addition, there are some other issues which affect negatively and directly the environment, the local population and the water clients: pollution episodes, water resource stress, bad situation of the pipe networks.... In this context, the Plan is proposing several measures in order to deal with these problems. The Plan proposes measures considering 3 scenarios: short term (until 2020), medium term (2020-2026) and long term (2026-undisclosed future). Every measure proposed in the short term will be calculated, designed and budgeted in a preliminary project version. In the short term, the most significant measures are the water control via several checkpoints, a new deposit design, the renewal of of the watter supply and sanitation piping networks, the design of a composting plant and the addition of a tertiary treatment to the current management. In the medium and long terms, the most important measures are the inclusion of a new water supply intake which is replacing the current one, a new water treatment plant, and a better monitoring of the networks in general, besides the increase of the complete management. All of these medium and long term proposals are done in a very preliminar mode. Concerning the management institutions, a municipal enterprise is proposed in the short term, increasing the rule to a hinterland scenario in the medium-long term. The information of the Plan is structured via 4 documents: Memoir and Annexes, Plans, Solicitations and Budget, where all the information related to designs and proposals is included. .","“PLAN DE GESTIÓN INTEGRAL DEL AGUA EN AGURAIN/SALVATIERRA (ÁLAVA)” lana uraren kudeaketarekin arazo asko dituen lokalitate baten testinguruan kokatzen da. Uneko kudeaketak ez ditu aktore publiko edo pribatuak ur sistemaren on funtzionamendua zaintzeko. Gainera, arazoek ez dute bakarrik kudeaketarekin zerikusi, elementu asko ingurumenari, biztanleei edo konsumitzailei txarki afektatzen: kutsadura, ibaien gehiegizko esplotazioa, sareen txar egoera.... Horrela, Planak neurri baztuk proposatzen ditu defizit hauek konpontzeko. Planak hiru epeetan proposatzen ditu neurriak: epe laburra (2020taraino), epe ertaina (2020-2026) eta epe luzea (2026-etorkizun mugagabea). Neurri hauek epe laburran kalkulatuak, diseinatuak eta aurrekontutak izango dira, anteproiektu gisan. Epe laburrean, neurri importanteenak uraren kontrola estazio batzuekin, depositu berri baten diseinua, horniketa eta saneamendu sareen berrikuntza, konpost planta baten kreazioa eta berrerabiltza tratamendu berri baten diseinua dira. Epe ertainean eta luzean, horniketa harketa berri bat (oraingoa ordezkatzen), EUT berri bat, monitarizazio gehiago sareetan edo kudeaketaren zabalkuntza dira, proposamen aurretiko gisan. Azkenik, kudeaketa erakundeak udal nibelekoak izango dira epe laburrean, epe ertainean eta luzean handitzen eskualde nibelaraino heldu arte. Plan honen informazioa 4 dokumentutan antolatzen da: Memoria eta erantskinak, planoak, baldintzen agiria eta aurrekontua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14437,2015-02-17,"This End of Degree Coursework consists in designing and developing a solution of Resilient Communications for its use in mobility environments, specifically, vehicular environments. A solution will be designed consisting in adding support for multiple ways of communication between two ends for the HIP mobility protocol. This coursework consists in searching for a solution of Resilient Communications, as our primary objective is to increase the availability of the communications system, that is to say, to increase aspects such as failure and security attack tolerance, specifically against attacks against availability.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau resilient communications-eko soluzio baten diseinuan eta garapenean datza. Bere helburua mugikortasun inguruneetan erabiltzea da; zehatzagoak izateko, ibilgailuen ingurunean. Aipatutako soluzioa HIP mugikotasun protokoloarentzako da, bi muturren artean eman ahal diren anizkun komunikazio bideei sostengua eskeintzeko. Lan hau resilient communications motako irtenbidea aurkitzean datza, helburu nagusi lez komunikazio sistemaren erabilgarritasuna dagoelako, hau da, akatsen aurkako tolerantzia hobetzea eta segurtasunaren kontrako erasoak saihestea, erabilgarritasunari dagozkien erasoak hain zuzen ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20041,2016-12-29,"The main objective of this research work has been to analyze the development of the skills of children in Infant Education through the project Talentuz, recently launched in the Public School of Lekeitio. This project, joins the main ideas of the Learning Communities with the basic ideas of Infant Education. Through a practical and theoretical analysis it shows how favorably they develop the knowledge, values and necessary feelings in Infant Education through the use of the project ""Talentuz"". (English) Key words: Infant Education, “Talentuz” Project, Learning Communities, Competences, Capabilities","Ikerketa lan honen helburu nagusia Lekeitioko Eskola Publikoan martxan jarri berria den Talentuz Proiektuaren bitartez, umeen konpetentzien garapena aztertzea izan da. Proiektu honetan, bat egiten dute Ikas Komunitatearen ardatz nagusiek eta Haur Hezkuntzak dituen berariazko ezaugarriek. Horrela, praktika errealaren eta oinarri teorikoen azterketa sakon baten bitartez Haur Hezkuntzarako beharrezkoak diren ezagutzak, balioak eta sentipenak garatzen direla egiaztatu ahal izan da, proiektuaren egokitasuna azpimarratuz. (Euskaraz) Hitz gakoak: Haur Hezkuntza, “Talentuz” Proiektua, Ikas Komunitateak, Konpetentziak, Gaitasunak" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29877,2018-11-27,"Out of hospital cardiac arrest is one of the main causes of mortality in developed countries. The only way to fight its fatal outcome is to make a quick and effective intervention. In this country, both factors are conditioned by the services that each community offers in relation to the heart protecction of public spaces. These services range from the deployment of ambulance fleets guaranteeing the arrival of the rescue team in times of ten minutes to the strategic placement of automatic external defibrillators in crowded public places. This work aims to improve the efficiency of automatic external defibrillators by developing a diagnostic algorithm that enables earlier and more efficient defibrillation, thus increasing the chances of survival of patients with out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary arrest.","Ospitale kanpoko bihotz-biriken gelditzea garatutako herrialdeen heriotza-kausa nagusietako bat da. Bere bukaera larriari aurre egiteko bide bakarra esku-hartze arina eta eraginkorra da. Herrialde honetan, bi faktore hauek, komunitate bakoitzak eskaintzen dituzten espazio publikoen kardio-babeserako zerbitzuen aurrean baldintzatuak ikusten dira. Zerbitzu hauek anbulantzien hedapenetik, hamar minutuko denboran erreskate taldearen etorrera bermatuz kanpoko desfibriladore automatikoen kokapen estrategikora doaz. Lan honek kanpoko desfibriladore automatikoen eraginkortasuna hobetu nahi du, desfibrilazioa lehenago eta eraginkorrago ahalbidetzen duen diagnostiko algoritmo bat garatuz. Horrela, kanpoko bihotz-biriken gelditzearen jasaileen biziraupen aukerak areagotuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25138,2003,"The attempts of globalization of all the empires and colonizations were carried out from the cancellation of the difference and the imposition of an arbitrary homogeneity, all this increased the resentment, the fight of opposites, and prevented to finish with the violence between groups. The foreigner, the stranger, impels to contrast those customs with the own ones, forces to doubt the convictions, and all this generates the anguish and the fear that underlies the conflicts. In the light of this reasoning, the step from hate to violent actions is analyzed focusing on the case of young people as protagonists of this kind of acts, and the treatment of these offences is examined from the juridical point of view.","Inperio eta kolonizazio guztietan globalizazioarekiko egon diren saiakera guztiak, ezberdintasunaren deuseztapenetik egin dira eta berdintasun arbitrario baten inposaketatik egin dira. Guzti horrek, gatazka, borroka sortu du eta taldeen biolentzia ezeztatzeko gai ez da izan. Atzerritarrak bere ohiturak ez ditu beste ohiturekin kontrastatzen eta guzti horrek beldurra sortzen du, gatazka guztietan agertzen den beldurra. Bide honetatik jarraituz, gorrototik akzio biolentoetara dagoen bidea azaltzen da, gazterian sakonduz, eta arlo juridiko penalean delitu hauek jasotzen duten tratamendua aztertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63698,2023-06-08,"Hate crimes and gender-based violence crimes have become harder to distinguish, confusing them over time and resulting in a crossover of both sociological phenomena. The present study will address the incorporation of gender-based aggravation in Article 22.4 of the Criminal Code as the cause of this cross-linking, while considering the importance of the 2011 Istanbul Convention in this regard. In addition, vicarious violence will be analyzed through a normative, jurisprudential, doctrinal and sociological perspective, with special attention to the application of the gender discrimination aggravating factor in Article 22.4 of the Criminal Code. Finally, the main conclusions of the research work will be presented.","Gorroto-delituak eta genero-indarkeriako delituak denboran zehar geroz eta gehiago hurbildu dira, bi fenomeno soziologiko horiek hainbatean elkar gurutzatuz dira. Azterlan honetan ikusiko da nola genero-arrazoiengatiko astungarria Zigor Kodearen 22.4 artikuluan sartu izana den gurutzaketa horren arrazoia, kontuan hartuta beti ere Istanbulgo 2011ko Hitzarmenak. Gainera, indarkeria bikarioa aztertuko da ibilbide arauemaile, jurisprudentzial, doktrinal eta soziologiko baten bidez, arreta berezia jarriz Zigor Kodearen 22.4 artikuluan. Azkenik, ikerketa-lanaren ondorio nagusiak azalduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19429,2016-10-26,"This document, analyses by a point of view both theoretical and practical, the different forms of illumination and, more specifically, the interior and industrial lighting. Secondly, it also takes out a simulation of the illumination of an industrial plant, owing to the fact of applying the knowledge theoretically exposed. What is more, in this work we are able to distinguish two parts, a theoretical and a practical one. Inside the theoretical one, firstly it is briefly exposed a body of basic knowledge, like what is the light, the colour and the eye and, the principles of the lighting. Secondly, there will be defined the most common types of lamps, analysing its possible advantages and disadvantages due to the conditions of working and the desired results. The latest point of the previous concepts is a short explanation of the different types of lighting diagrams. When all of this has been done, the main point it will be explained, the interior and industrial illumination. In this chapter, both factors will be exposed as some of the possible accessories which must be taken into account when illuminating an interior installation. Afterwards, the negative consequences due to the illumination nowadays will be analysed, focusing it towards the concept of light pollution, due to that, the possible causes, consequences, and, by the end, some recommendations for decreasing this effect. The latest point of the theoretical part it will be some forms of saving energy both in our house and in plants or in offices. Lastly, due to the application of the previous concepts, and, by this way, get a better knowledge of them, it will be done a simulation of the illumination of an industrial plan of low voltage by different software. In the hole document it have been taking into account the legislation, both National and European, which currently governs this kind of plants.","Agiri honetan, hainbat argiztapen modu azaltzen dira teoriko zein praktikoki, barne argiztapen industrialean fokatuz. Ondoren, lehenbizi ikusitako ezagutza teorikoak azaltzekotan, industria instalazio baten argiztapen simulazioa egin da. Bi atal ditu lan honek: azalpen teorikoa eta azalpen praktikoa. Lehenbizi, atal teorikoan argiztapenaren oinarrizko ezagutzak azaltzen dira, argi, kolore eta begiari buruzko oinarrizko kontzeptuak eta luminotekniaren printzipioak esaterako. Lanpara mota arruntenak zehazten dira ondoren, haien alde onak eta txarrak aztertuz lan baldintza eta lortu nahi diren emaitzen arabera. Azkenik, argiztapen diagrama motak azaltzen dira laburki. Sarrera honen ostean, gai nagusia azaltzen da: barne argiztapen industriala. Atal honetan, barne instalazio bat argiztatzeko orduan kontuan izan beharreko alderdi eta osagarriak ikusten dira. Gainera, instalazioaren diseinua eta kalkuluak egiteko modua argitzen da laburki. Behin guzti hau azalduta, argiztapenaren gaur egungo ondorio kaltegarriak aztertzen dira, argi kutsadura nabarmenduz. Azken honen kausa eta ondorioak ikertzen dira, azkenik kutsadura mota hau gutxitzeko hainbat gomendio emanez. Atal teorikoaren azken zatian, etxe, bulego edota instalazioetan energia aurrezteko hainbat gomendio zehazten dira. Ondoren, aurretik azaldutako kontzeptuak ezartzekotan eta ezagutza teorikoa hobeto ulertzekotan, tentsio baxuko industrial instalazio baten barne argiztapenaren simulazioa egingo da, hainbat programaren bidez. Dokumentu osoan zehar gaur egun bai Espainian zein Europan indarrean dagoen arautegia aintzat hartu izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19343,2016-10-20,"The use of difficult-to-machine materials such as superalloys is increasing in the late years, mainly due to its broad use in aerospace. These materials, such as Inconel® 718®, have excellent thermal properties but very low machinability, and consequently have low productivity and short tool life. The research developed in this work is focused on the grooving of Inconel® 718®with a tool made out of carbide. The relatively high toughness of the carbide, together with other properties, is what makes the machining of Inconel® 718® possible. In order to make it easier machining this kind of materials, cutting fluids is a common technique. These fluids can improve its machinability as well as help in the evacuation of the heat in the contact material-tool. However, the environmental and health hazards associated with the use of conventional cutting fluids together with the development of governmental regulations have resulted in the search of new cutting fluids techniques. The aim of this work is to assess the behavior of the carbide tool under the following cutting fluids: MQL, carbon dioxide (CO2), conventional cutting fluid (6bar) and cutting fluid at high pressure (70bar).","Mekanizatzeko zailak diren materialen erabilera azken urteetan handitu egin da, batez ere industria aeroespazialean izan duen hedapenagatik. Material hauek, Inconel® 718® kasu, berebiziko ezaugarri mekanikoak badute ere, haien mekanizagarritasuna oso txikia da. Horren ondorioz, produktibitate murriztua eta erreminta-bizitza motza aurkezten dute. Lan hau Inconel® 718®barra batean metal gogorrezko erreminta batekin egindako artekaketan oinarrituta dago. Metal gogorrezko erremintak duen zailtasuna da, beste ezaugarri batzuekin batera, Inconel® 718® mekanizatzeko ahalbidetzen duen gaitasuna. Material hauek mekanizatzea errazagoa izan dadin, hozte-fluidoen erabilera ohikoa da. Jariakin hauek, materialaren mekanizagarritasuna hobetu ez ezik, materialaren eta erremintaren arteko ukitzean sortzen den beroa kanporatzen ere laguntzen dute. Hala ere, jariakin hauek dakartzaten ingurumen eta osasun arriskuek fluido garbiei buruzko ikerketak bultzatu dituzte. Era berean, gobernuek ingurumen legeak ezarri dituzte fluido garbiagoen bilatzearen ikerkuntza sustatzeko. Txosten honen helburua ondorengo hozte-fluidoak erabiltzean metal gogorrezko erremintaren portaera aztertzea da: MQL, karbono dioxidoa (CO2), taladrina konbentzionala eta presio altuko taladrina (70 bar)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29260,2018-10-23,"In this work is developed the idea of the rehabilitation and the design of the facilities of a house located in the village of Mungia, Bizkaia. Making use of bioclimatic design criteria such as comfort, efficiency and sustainability in the home. From an initial study of both the environment and the structure of the house, the calculations of the energy demand of the same will be carried out. After the implementation of the improvements, it will be recalculated and compared. The different alternatives will be analyzed and the most suitable ones will be selected for the energy supply of the house. Trying that these come from renewable energy sources but always applying criteria of efficiency and economic savings.","Hondorengo ikerketaren helburua, Mungian (Bizkaia) kokatuta dagoen etxebizitza baten instalazioen birgaitzea eta diseinua garatzea da. Hau aurrera eramateko diseinu bioklmatikoaren irizpideak jarraituko ditugu hala nolanola etxebizitzaren erosotasuna, erangikortasuna eta iraunkortasuna. Lehenengo etxebizitzaren estrukturaren baita inguruaren ikasketa bat egingo da eta lortutako datuekin beharrezkoa den eskaera energetikoa lortzen da. Hobekuntzen inplementazioa eta gero kalkuluak berriro ere egingo dira eta konporatuko ditugu. Horrela, eta egindako lana aintzat hartuta, aukera guztaik kontuan hartuz etxebizitzaren horniketa energetikoarentzat aproposena aukeratuko da. Sahiatuko da haien jatorria iturri energetiko berriztagarrietatik etortzea, baita efizientzia eta aurrezki ekonomikoen irizpideak kontuan hartuz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23051,2013,"This contribution, focused on the international crimes and in which Prof. Tony Peters is remembered, gives an account of the findings of an investigation carried out in Bosnia on the needs of the victims of these serious crimes. In this respect, a revision is done on the rights of the victims of international crimes, less recognized than in domestic jurisdictions; a special mention is made regarding the possibilities of restorative justice in this area by discussing six types of transitional justice policies which could be considered to be restorative.","Tony Peters irakaslearen oroitzapenetik, ekarpen honek nazioarteko krimenak ditu ardatz. Gainera, delitu larri horien biktimen premiei buruz Bosnian egindako ikerketa baten emaitzak jakinarazten dira. Ildo horretan, nazioarteko krimenen biktimen eskubideak berrikusten dira (barne-jurisdikzioetan baino gutxiago aitortuak), eta bereziki azpimarratzen da justizia leheneratzailearen aukera arlo horietan, leheneratzailetzat har daitezkeen trantsizioko justiziako sei praktika aipatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19690,2016-12-01,"The following Project will aim to design a low cost platform for measuring physiological signals. The platform is based on using an Arduino UNO and an eHealth module to connect the different sensors. The Arduino will be programmed using Arduino development environment (IDE), and the several tools developed in this project with Python and PHP. To acquire the data several sensors compatible with the eHealth platform will be used, such as body temperature sensor, pulse-oximeter, electrocardiogram and galvanic skin response. The goal is to create a low-cost, user-friendly platform based on Arduino for gathering and processing physiological data.","Proiektu honen Helburua seinale fisiologikoak biltzeko eta aztertzeko koste baxuko plataforma diseinatzea da. Plataforma honek Arduino ONE erabiltzen du eta eHealth moduloan oinarritzen da sensoreak konektatzeko. Arduino programatzen da IDE entornoen, Python eta PHP bidez. Datuak ateratzeko, eHealth plataformarekin bideragarriak diren hurrengo sentsoreak erabiliz dira: gorputzeko tenperatura neurtzeko, pulsioximetroa, elektrokardiograma eta azaleko erantzun galbanikoa. Helburua da koste baxuko plataforma bat garatzea da, erraza eta Arduinon oinarritatuta, seinale fisiologikoak jasotzeko eta prozesatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31919,2019-03-07,"Future Classroom Lab is an initiative that comes straight from Brussels joining pedagogical innovation, technology and, of course, education. Future Classroom Lab reimagines the traditional classroom by unravelling the different parts of the creative process in six different areas. This work makes an example of evaluation through pre and post-test to an experimental and control group using standardized tests. Whose results whether positive, negative or similar will help us decide if we should apply this initiative in our school or not. Finally, emphasis will be placed on the need to base changes in education on theoretical foundations and empirical data.","Bruselatik etorritako Future Classroom Lab (Etorkizuneko Ikasgela) iniziatibak berrikuntza pedagogikoa, teknologia eta, nola ez, hezkuntza batzen dituen proposamena da. Future Classroom Lab-ek ikasgela tradizionala berrirudikatzen du sortze prozesuaren atalak sei txoko ezberdinetan banatuz. Lan honetan talde esperimental bati eta kontrol talde bati aplikatuko zaien froga estandarizatuen bidezko pre eta post-test bidezko ebaluazioa proposatzen da. Lortutako emaitzek, positibo, negatibo edo berdinak izanda, gure ikastetxean iniziatiba aplikatzen jarraituko dugun erabakitzen lagunduko digute. Azkenik, hezkuntzan ematen diren aldaketak egiteko, oinarri teoriko zein froga enpirikoetan oinarritu behar direla azpimarratuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16307,2015-12-02,"The evolution of tecnology during the last century has made the emissions of greenhouse effect gases to the atmosphere to grow up considerably. This growth has provoqued a noticeable deterioration in the plants health and during this last years it has become a world concerning issue. Among many other measures, the restoration of facades is an important contribution to help the environment. The main objective of this work is to find a wood solution for restoration of facades in different places. This solutions will be adequated to the norms stablished by law, the economic savings of adding one of these restorations will be analized and , to conclude, it wil be studied if the instalation of the selected solutions has a real impact in the emission of greenhouse effect gases.","Azken mendeko teknologiaren garapenak kutsatzaile atmosferikoen emisioak nabarmenki handitzea egin du. Igoera honek planetaren ondasunean hondapen aipagarria sortu du eta azken urteetan hau maila mundialeko kezka bihurtu da. Hainbeste neurrien artean, fatxaden rehabilitazioa ingurumenari laguntzeko kontribuzio handia da. Lan honen helburua, leku desberdinetan fatxadak birgaitzeko egurrezko soluzio bat aurkitzea da. Erantzun hauek, legeak dituen normak betetzeko egokituko dira, birgaitze hauek implantatzea duen aurrezte ekonomikoa aztertuko da eta, azkenengoz, aukeratutako erantzunak berotegi efektua sortzen duten gasen emisioetan inpaktu nabarmenta baduten ikertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28343,2014,"The Argaric world has been interpreted as an unequal society with social stratification, characterized as a society of classes. For this reason we have considered, among other analytic variables, the absence or presence of the material culture that forms part of grave goods of the buried individuals, whether they were men or woman, adults or children; and, at a lower extent, the relations of production, distribution and consumption that existed in terms of an increased extraction of surplus carried out by some individuals above others. After reaching this point we must ask: dose the actual state of research allow us to assure the existence of social differences crystallized in counterpart or opposing social classes?; Have we confused our analytical variables with irreconcilable inequalities? What relationships exist between social groups and genders? Trying to answer these questions, this paper aims towards, apart from other objectives, the re-lecture of previously assumed variables as a bases for the justification of social inequality among the Argaric group of Peñalosa, as well as to analyze the relevance or not of social and gender categories. To reach this objective we will use as an empiric basis the material culture (both domestic and funerary) of Peñalosa, we will analyze the construction and organization of the different spaces that structured this site, and finally, we will consider the bodies (or osseous remains) as cultural subjects, where their life experiences and their relations with the surrounding world are reflected.","Mundu argarikoa, gizarte estratifikatu eta desberdin bat bezala interpretatua izan da, gizarte mailakatu moduan bereiziz. Horretarako, beste aldagai analitikoen artean, ehortzitako indibiduoen hileta hatuak osatzen zuten kultura materialaren gabezia ala presentzia hartzen dira. Hau da, hauek gizonak ala emakumeak ziren, helduak ala haurrak ziren, eta neurri txikiago batean, produkzio, distribuzio eta kontsumo erlazioa indibiduo ezberdinen artean. Momentu honetan galdera hauek egiten ditugu: ikerketaren gaurko egoera honek, baimentzen ahal du ezberdintasun sozialak, aurkako klaseen bidez islatzea? Gure aldagai analitikoak, bateraezinak diren desberdintasunekin nahastu ditugu? Zer nolako erlazioak ezartzen dira gizarte taldeen eta genero ezberdintasunaren artean? Erantzunak eman nahian, lan honen asmoa, argarikoa bezalako talde arkeologiko zehatz batean zentratuz (Peñalosa), gizarte desberdintasun oinarritzat onartuak izan diren aldagaiak berrirakurtzea eta gizarte eta genero mailen eraikuntzaren garrantzia aztertzea. Horretarako, Peñalosako kultura materiala (domestikoa eta hiletetakoa) hartuko dugu oinarri enpiriko moduan, hauek formatzen dituen espazio ezberdinen eraikuntza eta antolaketa ikertuko dugularik. Azkenik, gorpuak (edota hezur-hondarrak) aztarna kulturaltzat hartuko dira, non, bizitako esperientziak eta euren erlazioa inguratzen dieten munduarekin islatzen duten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36486,2019-11-27,"Due to their ability to transmit large amount of information, images have always been important in the scientific-educational field. The use of graphics, diagrams, photographs or models in these fields is increasing. Therefore, people with visual impairment have more problems while accessing this kind of information. In this work, a methodology for analyze, process and create a 3D printing archive from 5 histology images is carried out.","Informazio kantitate handiak transmititzeko duten gaitasuna dela eta, irudiek izugarrizko garrantzia dute zientzia zein hezkuntza munduan. Teknologia berrien garapenarekin urtetik urtera handituz doa grafikoek, diagramek, argazkiek edota maketek gaur egungo gizartean duten garrantzia. Ondorioz, ikusmen arazoak dituzten pertsonek informazioa eskuratzeko geroz eta arazo gehiago dituzte. Lan honetan metodologia bat garatu da non histologiako 5 irudi aztertu, prozesatu eta 3D inprimaketarako artxibo gisa moldatuko diren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27821,2018-06-29,"Nowadays, due to the necessity of reducing the energetic dependency, there has been an increase in the research of sustainable systems. The aim is to promote renewable sources of energy. In this project it is presented an innovative combined system with solar contribution to be installed in the façade of a residential building. It is included a hybrid heat pump that has two working modes: water-water and air-water. The objective is to analyze the system in different climates and compare the results, to evaluate the impact of the combined system in the actual market of residential buildings.","Eraikinen energia kontsumoa murritzearen beharrak, alternatiba berriztagarrien bilaketa sustatzen du. Proiektu honentan eraikinen berokuntzarako sistema konbinatu berri bat aztertzen da. Sistema honetan Heat Pump sistema hibrido bat proposatzen da, energia iturri bezala, eraikinen fatxadan instalatutako sistema solarra erabiltzen duena. Sistema honek, bi bero iturriren artean, egokiena erabiltzen du, aire-ur eta ur-ur modoetan operatu daitekeena. Proiektu honen bitartez, sistema honen azterketa tekniko-ekonomiko egiten da, Europar-mendebaldeko zenbait klimatan, eraikinen fatxadetan integratua izateko dituen abantailak aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67711,2024-05-07,"The aim of this study is to analyze if the illustrations of Primary Education (PE) teaching materials encourage ethnocentric thought or multiculturality, and see what their impact on PE students is. To start with, a bibliography revision of how the school Hidden Visual Curriculum is shown and also, the influence of visual culture in the infant imaginary. The empirical section consists of two parts, both of which have been carried out in a first-class classroom in the Aranbizkarra learning community in Vitoria-Gasteiz. On the one hand, teaching images found in school have been identified and analyzed, following the analysis protocol of the Hidden Visual Curriculum. On the other hand, by answering a questionnaire, students´ imaginary has been analyzed. The aim was to identify children's racism and prejudices of social classes. The results show that the percentage of white characters in the hidden visual curriculum studied is more than half, that is, 74.1% of the references that students receive at school are white. Children relate white race with goodness and success. Therefore, we can conclude that the messages that children receive from school and audiovisual media are full of stereotypes, as well as that they promote a white-ethnocentric culture, having these references a direct effect on the imaginary of the students","Ikerketa honen helburua Lehen Hezkuntzako (LH) material didaktikoen ilustrazioek pentsamendu etnozentrikoa edo kulturartekotasuna sustatzen duten aztertzea da, hauek LHko ikasleengan izan dezaketen eragina ikertuz. Gaian kokatzeko, lehenik eta behin eskolako ikusizko curriculum ezkutua nola adierazten den eta ikusizko kultura haurren iruditegian duen eraginaren berrikuspen bibliografikoa egin da. Atal enpirikoak bi zati ditu eta biak Gasteizko Aranbizkarra ikas komunitateko lehen mailako gela batean burutu dira. Alde batetik, ikasgelan topatu diren irudi didaktikoak identifikatu eta aztertu dira Ikusizko Curriculum Ezkutuaren analisia egiteko protokolo bat jarraituz. Bestalde, galdetegi baten bitartez, ikasleen iruditegia aztertu da, haurren arrazakeria eta klase sozialen aurreiritziak identifikatzeko asmoz. Emaitzek erakusten dute aztertutako ikusizko curriculum ezkutuan pertsonai zurien ehunekoa erdia baino handiagoa dela, hau da, ikasleek eskolan jasotzen dituzten erreferenteen %74,1a zuriak dira. Era berean, ikasleen erantzunetan arraza zuria arrakastarekin eta ona denarekin lotzen dute. Hori horrela, ondorioztatu daiteke haurrek eskolatik eta ikus-entzunezkoetatik jasotzen dituzten mezuak estereotipoz josita daudela, baita kultura zuri-etnozentrisa bultzatzen dutela ere, erreferente hauek ikasleen iruditegian eragin zuzena izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47702,2020-11-04,"Abstract. In the present work we have tried to improve and optimize the predictive maintenance and failure detection of an offshore wind platform. The purpose of the work has been carried out with the realizationof multivariable control charts, using the Hotelling T2 technique, which allows us to relate and monitor all the required variables.For the simulation of the variables of the offshore wind generator, the software Labview has been used, in which standardized and other error-prone operating data have been reproduced, and then compared using the multivariate control technique, with the help of a specific multivariate software (QualStat). This resulted in a control graph in which the deviation of the process,from the ideal process conditions, was observed.From the results obtained from the work, the conclusions were obtained that the technique used for monitoring and analysis of the process applied to offshore wind generators, was of great help in detecting deviations with the display of a graph, which is very helpful in predicting and preventing failures and breakdowns in the generators.","Laburpena. Lan honetansaiatu da hobetzen eta optimizatzen plataforma eoliko offshoreko mantentzeko lanakfaila detekzioa eta predikzio bitartez. Lanaren asmoa burutu da kontrol gutunmultialdagarriko errealizazioarekin Hotelling-eko T2-etako teknika erabiliz, honek aldagai guztiak erlazionatzea etamonitorizatzea baimentzen du.Sorgailu eoliko offshorearen aldagaien simulazioa egiteko, Labview softwarea erabili da,non normalizatutako funtzionamendu datuak eta akatsarekin egindako beste batzuk erreproduzitu dira. Gero komparaketa egiteko kontrol multialdakorreko teknikaren bitartez egin da, software espezifiko multialdakorreko laguntzarekin (QualStat).Honek emaitza bezala eman zuen kontrol grafiko bat non ikusten zenprozesuaren desbideratzea, prozesuaren baldintza idealak kontuan izanda.Lanetik lortutako emaitzen bitartez ,monitorizaziorako erabilitako teknikaeta sorgailu eoliko offshoreei aplikatutako prozesuaren analisiaren konklusioakeskuratu ziren.Lagungarria izan zengrafiko bateko bistaratzearekiko desbideratze detekziorako.Horrek balio digu sorgailuetako matxurrak eta akatzakiragar eta aurre ikusteko orduan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15795,2013,"In this module we will try to reflect on responsible consumption, conscious and transforming from a gender perspective, trying to answer the following questions: What is the role of gender inequalities in the current economic model? What impact does the production model in working conditions and the satisfaction of needs of women and men? Are there gender differences in consumption? What do women and men consume and why? How does advertising to women and men, girls and boys? How advertising affects our identity and our life choices? What is the relationship of gender to sustainable consumption? What role do women play in relation to the environment? What does responsible drinking from a gender perspective? It also proposes an exercise in self-reflection about our gender status and consumption practices.","Modulu honetan saiatuko gara hurrengo galderei erantzuten kontsumo arduratsu, kontziente eta eraldatzailearen gainean hausnartzen genero ikuspegitik: Zer paperik jokatzen dute genero-desberdintasunek gaurko modelo ekonomikoarengan? Zer inpaktu ditu ekoizpenmodeloak emakumeen eta gizonen baldintza laboraletan eta euren behar asetzean? Genero-desberdintasunik kontsumoan al dago? Emakumeek eta gizonek zer kontsumitzen duten eta zergatik? Nola tratatzen ditu emakumeak eta gizonak publizitateak, neskarik eta umerik? Nola baldintzatzen duen publizitateak gure identitateak eta bizitza-aukerak? Zein da generoaren erlazioa kontsumo iraunkorrarekin? Emakumeak zer paperetan aritzen dira ingurumenari dagokionez? Zerk ekartzen du kontsumo arduratsuak genero eta femnista ikuspegitik? Honetaz gain ariketa bat proposatzen da gure genero-baldintzari eta kontsumopraktikei buruzko autogogoetarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72800,2024-06-18,"The competence for the regulatory development of taxes granted by the Spanish Constitution to the Historical Territories of the Basque Country means that they can adopt measures in the form of tax incentives which benefit companies or production sectors in their territory. However, these measures may constitute State aid prohibited by Article 107.1 of the TFEU because they are regionally selective, in the sense that they only benefit companies or sectors of production in their territory. The CJEU has established through repeated case law that infra-state entities may constitute a reference framework for a measure so that it is not regionally selective, provided that they are sufficiently autonomous from the central government. This autonomy must be examined at the institutional, procedural and economic or financial level, interpreting and applying both the case law of the CJEU and European doctrine and the provisions of Spanish law. The conclusions drawn from this examination are set out at the end of the paper.","Espainiako Konstituzioak EAEko lurralde historikoei zergen araudia garatzeko ematen dien eskumenaren ondorioz, lurralde historikoek neurriak hartu ahal izango dituzte beren lurraldeko enpresa edo sektoreei mesede egingo dieten zerga-pizgarrien bidez. Hala ere, neurri horiek EBFTren 107.1 artikuluak debekatutako estatu-laguntza izan daitezke, eskualdeka selektiboak direlako, beren lurraldeko ekoizpen-sektoreei edo enpresei soilik mesede egiten baitiete. EBJAk behin eta berriz emandako jurisprudentziaren bidez ezarri du estatuz azpiko erakundeak neurri baten erreferentzia-esparru izan daitezkeela eskualdeka selektiboa izan ez dadin, betiere Gobernu zentralarekin behar bezain autonomoak badira. Autonomia hori maila instituzional, prozedural eta ekonomiko edo finantzarioan aztertu behar da, EBJAren jurisprudentzia, Europako doktrina eta foru-zuzenbideko xedapenak interpretatu eta aplikatuz. Azterketa horretatik lanaren amaieran azaltzen diren ondorioak ateratzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20866,2017-03-06,"People are using more and more Internet as a communication way. On the field of marketing that means that companies must integrate Internet on their marketing strategies. Because of that, marketing traditional views are changing, and nowadays it takes more importance to satisfy customer’s needs. Internet brings the opportunity to establish a close relationship with customers based on the communication of their needs and complaints. Organizations must learn how to use Internet in order to establish those close relations with their customers. Digital marketing can be used for that. Therefore it’s important to understand how e-marketing works. This work will be based on a study of marketing’s new points of view and on an analysis of some e-marketing strategies.","Jendea gero eta gehiago erabiltzen ari da Internet komunikazio hedabide moduan. Marketinaren arloan, honek esan nahi du konpainiek Internet integratu behar dutela beraien marketin estrategietan. Horregatik, marketin tradizionalaren ikuspegiak aldatzen ari dira eta gaur egun kontsumitzailearen nahiak betetzeari garrantzi handia ematen zaio. Bezeroekin erlazio hurbil bat eratzeko aukera ematen du Internetek, beraien nahi eta desiretan oinarrituta dagoena. Erakundeek ikasi behar dute erlazio hauek nola sortu ditzaketen beraien bezeroekin eta e-marketina horretarako erabili daiteke. Beraz, garrantzitsua da marketin digitalak nola funtzionatzen duen jakitea. Lan hau marketinaren ikuspegi berrietan eta e-marketin estrategia batzuen analisian oinarrituta dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37102,2019-12-19,"The increase in Internet use, in particular social networks, has been a complication in the management of the same. In the field of graph mining, which allows us to visualize a network with users and interactions between them, we have begun to look for a simplification of them for the analysis of the data. In this context, the search for communities that share attributes is raised using optimization algorithms that alleviate the computational cost. This paper presents an algorithm capable of optimally dividing a high-dimensional network, leading to an advance in the field of large-scale optimization, a sub-branch of the recently emerged heuristic that lacks advances related to graph mining.","Interneteko erabileraren hazkundea, bereziki sare sozialak, konplikazio bat izan da horren kudeaketan. Grafikoen meatzaritzaren esparruan, erabiltzaileei eta horien arteko elkarrekintzak sarea bistaratzeko aukera ematen duena, datu horiek aztertzeko sinplifikazioa bilatzen hasi da. Testuinguru horretan, konputazionalaren kostua arintzen duten optimizazio algoritmoen bidez atributuak partekatzen dituzten komunitateen bilaketa sortzen da. Lan honetan, tamaina handiko dimentsionaltasun sare bat partizionatzeko gai den algoritmoa aurkezten da, eskala handiko optimizazioaren alorrean aurrerapena sortuz, duela gutxi grafoen meatzaritzarekin lotutako aurrerapenik ez duen heuristikaren azpialdean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24476,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to examine the small hydro-electric power plant of Molino de Suso, considering its volumen of flow, power and production information in order to analyse its viability and, from an energy and economic perspective, provide some alternatives so as to improve the production. For each given alternative annual energy production will be studied, as well as the estimated budget for the construction and required equipment for it, comparing these options with the current system and, in the end, stating the optimal solution.","Lan honen helburua Molino de Susoko minizentral hidroelektrikoa ikertzea da, haren bideragarritasuna aztertzeko ur-emari, potentzia eta produkzio datuak kontuan hartuz, eta ikuspuntu energetiko eta ekonomikoari erreparatuta produkzioa hobetzeko zenbait aukera proposatzea. Aukera proposamen bakoitzerako urteko energía-ekoizpena eta obra zibilaren zein horretarako beharrezko tresneriaren aurrekontuak aztertuko dira, egungo instalazioarekin alderatuz eta aukerarik onena adieraziz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13719,2011,"The aim of this article is to analyze in a critic way the role of women in the gipuzkoan families during the Ancient Regime. The study of several cases, where some women were involved, allows to study in depth in family structures, trying to insist on the variety of situations and on the importance of passions and feelings wich affect the decisions and strategies establish in the relationship spheres. In order to do that, apart from turn to the wide Spanish and Basque historiography, it has been used the judicial documentation from archives such as Real Chancelleria of Valladolid or General Archives of Gipuzkoa","Artikulu honek Antzin Errejimenean zehar emakumeek Gipuzkoako familietan izandako papera modu kritikoan aztertu nahi du. Emakumezkoak protagonistak izandako kasu batzuen bidez,familia egituran azterketa sakona egiten da,egoera aniztasuna eta pertsonen arteko harremanetan sortzen diren estrategia eta erabakietan eragina duten pasioen eta sentimenduen garrantzia goraipatuz. Horretarako, espainira zein euskal historiografiaz baliatuz gainera, Valladolideko Errege Txantzilleriako eta Gipuzkoako Agiritegi orokorreko auziak erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14326,2015-02-03,"The purpose of this work is to analyse the influence of the amount and orientation of metallic fibres within self-compacting concrete specimens aiming to strengthen and increase the tensile strength of this material. The combined properties of the SFRC thanks to self-compacting concrete and the inclusion of fibres inside will be presented, as well as the benefits that this new material brings. On the other hand, this work will tried to be placed in a context, analysing at the same time what the extent and key objectives have been taken into account. Then, by way of complementing its context, this work has a state of art, where to mention the necessary methods and tests to get to a result that may help predict what the strength of the material will be, and therefore its toughness or ability to absorb energy, without using more than a quick and easy method, obviating the rest of destructive tests used in this work. To this end, a method will be established, so that by the use of simple laboratory tests, a relationship between the simple method mentioned above, the inductive method, and the theoretical result of the toughness presented by self-compacting SFRC is achieved. It will be noted how the deviation between the experimental tests and theoretical results is negligible, despising situations where very different behaviours arise due to faults during testing.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua zuntz metalikoen orientazioaren eta kantitatearen eragina hormigoi autokonpaktagarrian aztertzea da. Hoien helburua sendotasuna ematea eta trakzioari erresistentzia handitzea dira. Horretarako, hormigoi honek dituen propietateak azertuko dira, autokonpaktazioa eta bere baitan fibrak sartzeari esker lortzen dituenak. Halaber, eskertzen dituen onurak ezagutaraziko dira. Beste alde batetik, ikerketa hau kontextu batean kokatzea saiatuko da, irispena eta helburuak aztertzen. Horren ostean, eta kontextuaren osagarri modura, lan honek gaiaren egoera bat dauka, non emaitzetara ailegatzeko erabili diren metodoak eta entseguak aipatuko dira. Entsegu hauen helburua materialaren erresistentzia aurkitzea ahalbidetzen dute metodo erraz eta azkar baten bidez. Helburu hori lortzeko, metodologia bat ezartzen da, non laborategiko entseguei esker, erlazio bat ezartzen da metodo induktiboaren (aipatutako metodo erraza) eta hormigoiaren zailtasunaren emaitzen artean. Erreparatu daiteke metodo teorikoan eta entseguetan lortutako emaitzen desbideratzea ia nulua dela. Entseguetan portaera arraroak ematen diren kasuak baztertu egingo dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/66795,2024-05-10,"Hospitals around us look very much like science laboratories, far from human ambit, and they are not particularly welcoming. That is the reason why this Master's Thesis aims to investigate the role timber could play in the process of hospital architecture humanisation and how to formalize it. To this end, a bibliographical review of the published literature is made, studying its advantages and disadvantages with special emphasis on the hygienic behaviour of wood due to its importance in a hospital environment. In the same way, a special section is dedicated to technical requirements wood needs to fulfil in terms of fire and the solutions the market currently offers. To close the more theorical portion of the document, a compilation of hospital architecture references that have used timber to a greater or lesser extent in recent years. As a conclusion, all the research previously done is presented through the practical resolution of a theoretical case, San Eloy Hospital's ampliation's timber structure project.","Gure inguruko ospitaleek zientzia laborategien antz handia dute, giza eremutik urrun, eta ez dira bereziki erosoak. Hori dela eta, Master Amaierako Lan honek zurak ospitale arkitekturaren humanizazio prozesuan eduki dezakeen eragina ikertzea eta berau nola gauzatu aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako, gaiari buruz argitaratutako literaturaren berrikuspen bibliografikoa egin da abantailak eta desabantailak aztertuz, zuraren portaera higienikoari arreta berezia eskainiz honek osasungintzan duen garrantzia dela eta. Era berean, materialak suari dagokionean bete beharreko eskakizun teknikoei eta horiek bete ahal izateko merkatuak eskaintzen dituen aukerei atal berezia dedikatu zaie. Lanaren arlo teorikoena bukatzeko, azken urteetan zura neurri handiago edo txikiagoan erabili duten osasungintza arloko erreferentzien bilduma jaso da. Ondorio gisa, aurretik ikertutako guztia kasu teoriko baten ebazpen praktikoaren bidez borobiltzen da, Barakaldoko San Eloy ospitalearen handipenaren zurezko egituraren proiektua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54034,2021-11-23,"This Master’s thesis analyses the images taken by the cameras of the Insight space mission on Mars with the aim of identifying convective phenomena with dust content called dust devils. These are common phenomena in Martian meteorology and have been studied with multiple instruments on different space missions. In the Insight mission, very intense convective vortex activity has been detected, but no images of these events have been found in the spacecraft’s cameras. In this project, a software package has been developed to analyse the existing image les, including a differential image analysis algorithm to detect subtle variations between different images.","Master Amaierako Lan honetan Insight misio espazialeko kamerek Marten hartutako irudiak aztertzen dira, horietan dust devils izeneko hauts-edukia duten fenomeno konbektiboak identi katzeko helburuarekin. Hauek, Marteko meteoro- logian ohikoak diren fenomenoak dira, eta espazioko misio ezberdinetan tresna ugarirekin aztertuak izan dira. Insight misioan zurrunbilo konbektiboen aktibitate oso handia antzeman da, baina ez da gertaera hauen irudirik aurkitu espazio-ontziko kameretan. Proiektu honetan, dauden irudi- txategiak aztertzeko software-pakete bat garatu da, irudien analisi diferentzialerako algoritmo bat barne, irudien arteko aldakuntza sutilak detektatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31762,2019-02-28,"In the stage of early childhood education the first approach to the writing process is done in schools. Although not obligatory at this stage, the student shows interest with this, also begins in early childhood education and will be strengthened in the following stages. The objective of this study is to analyse the process of writing in children from three, four and five years. To do this, collect data in two centres and will investigate the contribution of the methodologies from the centre to the writing process and the difficulties identified in the process. Through participatory observation, there has been a comparative study. In terms of the results, there are not great differences between both schools or in stages of writing or in the difficulties encountered in the process of writing.","Haur Hezkuntzako etapan idazketa prozesurako lehen hurbilpena egiten da ikastetxeetan. Nahiz eta garai hauetan derrigorrezkoa ez izan, ikasleek honekiko interesa agertzen dute eta hurrengo etapetan sendotuko denaren hasiera ematen da Haur Hezkuntzan. Lan honen helburua, hiru, lau eta bost urteko umeen idazketa prozesua aztertzea izango da. Horretarako ikastetxe bitan jaso dira datuak eta ikasleen idazketa faseak, zentroen metodologien ekarpena, eta prozesuan identifikatzen diren zailtasunak ikertuko dira. Behaketa parte-hartzailearen bidez, ikerketa konparatibo bat burutu da. Emaitzei erreparatuta, metodologia ezberdinetan erabiltzen dituzten ikastetxeen artean ez da ezberdintasun nabaririk antzeman ez idazketa faseetan ezta idazketa prozesuan azaltzen diren zailtasunetan ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42005,2020-03-09,"This proposal has been designed to develop the emotional intelligence in Elementary Education through Physical Education. Therefore, the objective of this proyect is to design a Didactic Unit as well as implement it and analyze its effectiveness. For that, an instrumental and descriptive-qualitative methodology has been carried out. 25 pupils (12 boys and 13 girls) of sixth degree have participated in this proposal. Before and after carrying out the Didactic Unit they have used guided reflection. In order for that to be possible, it has been requested permission from the tutor and the management team. Analyzing the effectiveness of the Didactic Unit in general, a remarkable improvement can be observed in the emotional competences although there have been differences in terms of sex, which indicate that the girls have generally obtained inferior results. With this in mind, possible improvemench to the Didactic Unit are considered","Esku-hartze hau Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan Gorputz Hezkuntzaren bitartez adimen emozionala lantzeko diseinatu da. Hortaz, lan honen helburua Unitate Didaktiko bat diseinatzea, inplementatzea eta horren eraginkortasuna aztertzea da. Metodologia instrumentala eta deskriptibo-kualitatiboa erabili da horretarako. Esku-hartzean seigarren mailako 25 ikaslek hartu dute parte (12 mutilek eta 13 neskek). Unitate Didaktikoa burutu aurretik eta ostean galdetegi bat bete eta jarduera bakoitzaren ostean hausnarketa gidatua egin behar izan dute. Hori posible izateko, irakasleari zein zuzendaritza taldeari baimena eskatu zaie. Unitate Didaktikoaren eraginkortasuna orokorrean aztertuz gero, konpetentzia emozionalen inguruko hobekuntza nabarmentzen dela esan daiteke nahiz eta sexuaren araberako desberdintasunak egon, zeinak neskek orokorrean emaitza baxuagoak lortu dituztela adierazten duten. Hori kontuan izanik, hobekuntza proposamenak planteatzen dira Unitate Didaktikoari dagokionez" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27290,1997,": The diverse conceptions of the term “race” and “racism” and also the manner they are manifest, don’t block the stereotype appearance. Bearing in mind this raising, some juridical considerations about this subject are exposed and remarking how does the spanish Penal Code of 1995 treat this matter, it’s possible to declare that the problem can not be solved only with juridical measures","“Arraza” eta “arrazakeria” hitzak modu bat baino gehiagotan ulertu eta adierazi badaitezke ere, horrek ez ditu estereotipoak bazter uzten. Planteamendu hau oinarri bezala harturik, hainbat aipamen juridiko egiten dira gai honen inguruan. Horrez gain, fenomeno honek 1995eko Espainiako Kode Berrian duen trataera ere aztertzen da. Horren guztiaren ondorioa hau da: arazoa ez da neurri juridiko soilez konponduko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24327,2014,Making victims visible in the legal system generates certain problems in the practice of criminal procedure. We refer specifically to the contradiction that arises between emerging legislation that is increasingly concerned with victimological demands and the architectural and furnished spaces aimed at implementing these regulations. This paper sets out to make the reader reflect on the possible repercussions of this paradox in terms of so-called secondary victimisation.,"Sistema judizialean biktimen ikusgarritasunak zenbait arazo sortzen ditu prozesu penalaren praktikan. Zehazki, eskaera biktimologikoekin gero eta gehiago inplikatzen den eta suspertzen ari den legedi baten eta araudi hori aplikatzera bideratutako espazio arkitektonikoen eta higigarrietakoen artean sortzen den kontraesana aipatu nahi dugu. Lan honek irakurlea gogoeta egitera bultzatu nahi du paradoxa horrek bigarren mailako biktimizazioan izan dezakeen oihartzunari buruz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72787,2025-02-14,"Screws are used as a means of fastening and are present in many sectors such as construction, engineering and industry. Their wide use is due to their simple but effective design. However, when a bolted joint is in an area where there is vibration, problems such as fatigue, material wear and self-loosening can occur. Self-loosening is precisely a common and worrying phenomenon in a variety of industrial and mechanical applications, especially in environments such as operating machinery, moving vehicles or structures subjected to dynamic loads, where a gradual loosening process can occur. Therefore, we want to validate an analytical method that could be used to know if the lateral vibrations to which a bolt is exposed are enough or not to produce the loosening of the bolt. It is an analytical method that, through several equations, establishes a form of calculation to determine under what conditions the slippage occurs and thus the loosening of the screw. This work tries to validate an analytical method through the application of this method and the finite element method to the screw head, verifying that the results obtained by the two methods are equivalent.","Torlojuak bi elementu edo gehiago lotzeko erabiltzen dira, eta sektore askotan daude, hala nola eraikuntzan, ingeniaritzan eta industrian. Oso erabilgarriak dira bere diseinu sinplea, baina eraginkorra delako. Hala ere, torloju bidezko lotura bibrazioak dauden eremu batean dagoenean, nekea, materialen higadura eta auto-lasaitzea bezalako arazoak gerta daitezke. Autolasaitzea, hain zuzen ere, fenomeno arrunta eta kezkagarria da askotariko aplikazio industrial eta mekanikoetan, batez ere funtzionamenduan dauden makinerian, mugimenduan dauden ibilgailuetan edo karga dinamikoen eraginpean dauden egituretan, horietan pixkanaka lasaitzeko prozesua gerta daitekelako. Horregatik, metodo analitiko bat balidatu nahi da, torloju baten alboko bibrazioak torlojua lasaitzeko nahikoak diren ala ez jakiteko erabil daitekeena. Metodo analitiko honek, hainbat ekuazioren bidez, kalkulu modu bat ezartzen du, irristadura zein baldintzatan gertatzen den zehazteko eta eta beraz, torlojuaren lasaitzea. Lan honen helburua metodo analitiko bat baliozkotzea da, metodo hori eta elementu finituen metodoa torlojuaren buruan aplikatuz, bi metodoen bidez lortutako emaitzak baliokideak direla egiaztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27145,2018-05-28,"The objective of this report has been to design and create a multicultural and multilingual game that responds to the shortcomings that exist in this culturally, linguistically and technologically increasingly developed world. For that, taking into account the criteria of the theoretical framework, a diagnosis of several games in the market has been carried out, through a quantitative study. The results obtained with this study have made it clear that there are no games that satisfy our need, so a board game has been designed and created to promote interculturality and multilingualism. In addition, the game incorporates augmented reality as innovation, achieving a game that works interculturality, multilingualism and technology, for a more motivating and meaningful learning.","Lan honen helburua, kultura eta hizkuntza anitzak dituen eta kulturalki, linguistikoki eta teknologikoki behin eta berriz garatzen hari den mundu honetan dauden hutsuneei erantzuna emango dion joko bat diseinatzea eta sortzea izan da. Horretarako, marko teorikoan oinarritutako irizpideak oinarritzat edukiz, merkatuan dauden hainbat jokoren diagnostikoa eraman da aurrera, ikerketa kuantitatibo baten bidez. Ikerketa horrekin lortutako emaitzak argi utzi dute merkatuan ez dagoela gure beharra asetzen duen jokorik, beraz, kulturaniztasuna eta eleaniztasuna bultzatuko duen mahai joko bat diseinatu eta sortu da. Gainera, jokoak errealitate areagotua txertatzen du berrikuntza moduan, horrela, kulturartekotasuna eta teknologia bateratzen eta lantzen dituen jokoa lortuz, ikaskuntza motibagarriago eta esanguratsuago baterako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23088,2017-09,"In the present project will be carried out the development of a bot of the free mes-saging application Telegram, with the purpose of granting to the different users upda-ted information of the cinemas of the Spanish country. It is included in this information the entire billboard of the different cinemas, as well as the schedules of the films that are transmitted. In turn, the users will be managed by storing the different locations of the same, and will send only the corresponding information to each user, depending on the location For this realization will be carried out a study of the different possible alternatives, so much for the collection of the required information as for the storage and treat-ment of that information. Once the selection of the best alternatives has been carried out, it will be necessary to integrate these functionalities with the platform offered by the Telegram application for the creation of a bot.","Proiektu honetan Telegram doako mezularitza zerbitsuan oinarritutako bot baten garatuko da, Espainian kokatutako zinemen eguneratutako informazioa erabiltzaileei emateko asmoarekin. Informazio honentan zinemen ikuskizunak daude eskugai, baita ere emanaldietako ordutegi zehatza, zinemek eskainia. Aldi berean, erabiltzaileen ba-nako kokapenaren informazioa gordeko da, hurbilen dauden zinemei buruzko infor-mazioa eskainiz soilik. Aipatutako prozesua garatzeko, dauden alternatiba posible desberdinen ikerketa burutzen da, informazioaren bilketarako zein beren biltegiratze eta tratamendua pro-sezuen inguruan. Behin tecnología aukeraketa burututa, beharrezkoa da funtzionalta-sun hauek Telegram aplikazioak bot bateko sorrerarako ematen duen plataforman garatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36578,2019-11-27,"Abstract: differential equations are used to describe several phenomena of our environment. Differential equations consist in the derivatives of an unknown function, and the objective is to find the function that satisfies such equation. Due to their complexity, it is not in general possible to find an exact or analytic solution for these equations. For this reason, several mathematical methods have been developed in order to obtain an approximation of the solutions of differential equations. Differential equations are also used in the field of civil engineering. In this project, some civil engineering problems described by differential equations are shown and developed. The objectives have been the following ones: To understand and apply numerical methods on the resolution of differential equations. To solve a problem related to civil engineering described by differential equations. Specifically, the flux of the water after a dam-break has been analysed. In order to achieve these objectives, the following steps have been followed. On the first place, a linear problem that depends on a single variable has been analysed and solved. Specifically, an unidimensional problem has been solved. Secondly, an unidimensional time-dependent linear problem has been understood and solved. Finally, the behaviour of the flux after a dam-break has been studied. This phenomenon is described by Saint-Venant equations, which are two unidimensional and time-dependent equations that define a non-linear problem.","Laburpena: ekuazio diferentzialak erabiltzen dira gure inguruneko fenomeno asko deskribatzeko. Ekuazio diferentzialetan funtzio ezezagun baten aldaketak (hau da, deribatuak) agertzen dira, eta helburua ekuazioa betetzen duen funtzioa aurkitzea izaten da. Beraien konplexutasuna dela eta, gehienetan, ez da posible izaten emaitza zehatza edo analitikoa kalkulatzea. Ondorioz, metodo matematiko ugari sortu izan dira ekuazio diferentzialen emaitza hurbilduak kalkulatzeko. Metodo horiei zenbakizko metodo deritze, eta lan honetan zehar horietako batzuk aztertu eta landu dira. Ekuazio diferentzialak ingeniaritza zibileko alorrean ere erabiliak dira. Lan honetan ekuazio diferentzialen bidez deskribatutako ingeniaritza zibileko problema batzuk aurkezten eta garatzen dira. Helburuak honako hauek izan dira: Ekuazio diferentzialak ebazteko zenbakizko metodoak ulertzea eta aplikatzea. Ekuazio diferentzialen bidez deskribatutako ingeniaritza zibileko problema bat ebaztea. Zehazki, presa baten apurketaren ondorioz uraren fluxuak duen portaera aztertu da. Aipatutako helburuak lortzeko zenbait pauso jarraitu dira. Lehendabizi, aldagai bakarraren menpekotasuna duen problema lineala aztertu eta ebatzi da. Zehazki, espazioan dimentsio bakarrekoa den problema ebatzi da. Jarraian, espazioan dimentsio bakarrekoa izanik denborarekiko menpekotasuna duen problema lineala ulertu eta ebatzi da. Bukatzeko, presa baten apurketaren osteko fluxuaren jarrera aztertu da. Fenomeno hori Saint-Venant-en ekuazioek definitzen dute. Bi ekuazio diferentzialek osatzen dute problema. Espazioan dimentsio bakarrekoak dira, denborarekiko menpekotasuna dute eta problema ez-lineala da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14713,2015-03-04,"This work analyzes the influence that the chosen cut-off and the filter have in the measurement of roughness. Three specimens that have been subjected to different manufacturing processes (milling, grinding and EDM) are measured. In addition, three different instruments are used to do the measurements. After completing the measurements, the results are compared and the conclusions are deduced.","Lan honek ebaketa luzera eta erabilitako iragazkiaren eragina zimurtasunaren emaitzetan ikasten du. Honetarako, 3 mekanizazio prozesu desberdinen bidez (fresaketa, artezketa eta elektro-higadura) lortutako gainazalak aztertuko dira eta bakoitzaren zimurtasuna neurtuko da ebaketa luzera eta iragazki desberdinekin. Aldi berean, neurtzeko instrumentuak duen eragina zimurtasunen emaitzetan aztertu eta kuantifikatuko da. Neurketak egin eta gero, emaitzen konklusio esanguratsuak atera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28644,2014,"Social inequality implies asymmetric social relationships, understood as the access of the different actors to the material and symbolic resources in a certain context. Then, it is possible to state that the places where state terrorism was practised during the 20th century are prominent basis of social inequality. This inequality comes from the efforts of military and civil elite to execute discretionarily the economic and politico-social control. For this purpose, structural violence was applied against the society as a whole. Its features are condensed in the concentration camps and can still be perceived nowadays. We will make a historiographical review of the different archaeological projects on the concentration camps of some dictatorships of the Southern Cone: Argentina, Chile and Uruguay, as well as the Spanish case. We will tackle the possibilities of Archaeology for the study of such exacerbated forms of contemporary violence when rescuing the microhistories from each place and as a political tool that can contribute to fight against current socioeconomic differences, inherited directly from those repressive contexts.","Desberdintasunak giza harreman asimetrikoak ekartzen ditu, zenbait aktore testuinguru batean baliabide material eta sinbolikoetara heltzeko dituzten aukera desberdinetan islatuta. Honela, XX. mendean zehar estatu terrorismoa praktikatu den lekuetan giza desberdintasun nabarmenak osatu direla baieztatu daiteke. Desberdintasun horren jatorria, kontrol ekonomiko eta politiko-soziala izan nahi zuen elite militar eta zibila zen. Helburu honekin, gizarte osoaren aurkako indarkeri estrukturala ezarri zen, bere ezaugarriak kontzentrazio-esparruetan ikus eta bere ondorioak oraindik egun igarri daitezkeelarik. Lan honetan, Hego Konoan (Argentina, Txile eta Uruguai) eta Espainiako diktaduren kontzentrazio-esparruetan egin diren proiektu arkeologikoen berrikuste bibliografiko bat egingo dugu. Arkeologiak aro garaikideko indarkeri larri hauek ikertzeko duen gaitasuna aztertuko dugu. Hau da, lekuko mikro-istorioak berreskuratzeko eta errepresio testuinguru horretatik zuzenki jasotako egungo desberdintasun sozioekonomikoen kontra borrokatzeko tresna politiko bezala erabiltzeko dituen aukerak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29285,2018-10-23,"The objective of the project is to elaborate a construction guide for the design, development and implementation of a thermal plant at laboratory scale that allows to regulate and control the temperature of a chamber, being able to compensate the temperature changes by means of controllers. The disturbances and heat transfers of the system will produce such changes in temperature. Likewise, an interface has been made for the communication of the user with the model by means of a front panel for the visualization of the results.","Lan honen xedea planta termiko baten diseinu, garapen eta inplementaziorako eraikitze gida bat osatzea da, ganbera baten erregulazioa eta kontrola egitea baimenduko duena. Gainera, bertan eman daitezkeen temperatura aldaketak kontroladore batzuen bidez konpentsatuko dira. Temperatura aldaketa horiek sisteman gertatzen diren perturbazio eta bero transferentziek eranginda daude. Horretaz gain, erabiltzailearen eta maketaren arteko komunikazioa bermatzeko interfaze bat gauzatu da maketaren aurrealdean jarri den panel bati esker, emaitzak bertan bistaratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17665,2016-03-16,"Psychomotor Practice created by pedagogue Bernard Aucouturier, is a method which aims the psychological maturation of the child through the driving route. Being aware of the need to understand motor skills and help the child in his / her development and based on the methodology Aucouturier, the main objective of this work is to give each teacher a chance to think about and improve their own practice. To achieve this aim, it has conducted an analysis of the intervention of the teacher in a classroom of two years, assessing their suitability and setting out a proposal for improvement. Certainly, the main function of the educator in the psychomotor practice is to provide the suitable conditions to intervent in a non-directive way, so that a solid and rigorous professional and personal training is essential.","Bernard Aucouturier pedagogoak sortutako praktika psikomotorrak, bide motrizetik abiatuta, haurraren heltze psikologikoa helburu duen metodoa da. Haurra bere garapenean ulertu eta lagundu ahal izateko psikomotrizitatearen beharraz kontziente izanik eta Aucouturier metodologia abiapuntutzat hartuta, lan honetan, hezitzaile bakoitzari bere praktika hobetzeko eta horren inguruan hausnartzeko erreferentzia markoa eskainiko zaio. Horretarako, bi urteko gela bateko irakaslearen esku hartzearen analisiaren bidez, jardunaren egokitasuna ebaluatzearekin batera, esku hartzea hobetzeko proposamena eskainiko da. Izan ere, hezitzailearen oinarrizko funtzioa praktika psikomotorrean modu ez zuzentzailean esku hartzeko egoerak sortzea da, horretarako formakuntza pertsonal eta profesional sendo eta zorrotza ezinbestekoa izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36813,2019-12-12,"In the last few years the climate change is being a concerning topic. The greenhouseeffect gases are being more and more controlled. The %14 of these gases are emitted bythe fossil combustion vehicles and that is why they have becomed the primary objectivewhen talking about stopping the climate change that we, the hummans are developing.Diverse actions have been carried out with the aim of turning electric the current ve-hicles such as the founds for the investigation and development of this technology. Thisproject aims to contribute to this ecological cause.The aim of this project is to minimice the Common Mode Voltage that is generatedby the electric vehicles inverter and causes problems like the bearing attrition or thehigh electromagnetichal emision. Both these problems can be corrected by changingthe modulation technique at the inverter. That is why in this work two new modula-tions are going to be tested in real time at the electric vehicle model developed at Mat-lab/Simulink by the APERT team, in the OPAL OP4510 real time simulation platform.The obtained results will be compared with the ones of Space Vector PWM (Pulse WidthModulation) because of its well known results","Aldaketa klimatikoa dela eta, azken urte hauetan berotegi efektuko gasen isurketa geroz eta gehiago kontrolatzen ari da. Gas hauen %14a erregai fosileko ibilgailuek isurtzen dituzte eta honengatik, lehen mailako objektibo bihurtu da isurketa hauekin bukatzea. Neurri batzuk hartzen hasi dira, parke mobilaren elektri kazioa adibidez. Lege eta inbertsio ugari sortu dira ibilgailu elektrikoen salmentak sustatzeko eta gradu amaierako lan honen bitartez, sektore honetako ikerkuntzan lagundu nahi da. Proiektu honetan, modu komuneko tentsioa txikitu nahi da. Tentsio hau, ibilgailu elektrikoetako alderanzgailuetan sortzen da eta motoreetan kalteak sortarazten ditu, errodamenduen higadura adibidez, bestetik emisio elektromagnetikoak sortzen ditu. Bi arazo hauek nahiz eta motoreetako arazoak izan, alderanzgailuak sortuak direnez, modulazio teknikari lotuak daude. Horregatik, lan honetan bi modulazio teknika berri frogatuko dira denbora errealean APERT taldeak garatutako ibilgailu elektrikoaren Matlab/Simulinkeko modeloan OPAL OP4510 plataforman eta oso erabilia den Space Vector PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) teknikarekin alderatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57133,2022-08-02,"Agile methodologies are becoming the model to follow in terms of project management; this is due to the success obtained with an adequate implementation of the methodologies. Originally, the application of this type of methodology was focused on small teams capable of developing a software project independently. Due to the success achieved in these environments, large organizations are beginning to adopt Agile. The Master's Thesis analyses the scaling of Agile methodologies in large organizations. Two complete scaling frameworks are first analysed; Large Scale Scrum and Scaled Agile Frameworks. The second part of the Master's Final Project analyses the articles published on the adoption of Agile in large organizations. The analysis has focused on identifying the success factors and challenges faced by the companies. Finally, the implementation process of the Agile model in a large current organization has been analysed. Based on the results of the second part, improvements to the adoption process have been identified.","Gaur egun proiektuen kudeaketarako Agile metodologiak eredu bilakatzen ari dira, hauen erabilera egoki baten ondorioz lorturiko arrakastagatik gero eta famatuagoak dira. Agile modeloaren lehen aplikazioak software garapeneko enpresetan egin ziren, hauek talde eta proiektu txikietan aplikatzen ziren. Aplikazio horietan lorturiko emaitzen ondorioz, enpresa eta proiektu handietan aplikatu nahi da Agile gaur egun. Master Amaierako Lanak Agile metodologien eskalatzea aztertzen du erakunde handietan erabili ahal izateko. Lehen ataLean bi eskalatze eredu aztertzen dira; Large Scale Scrum eta Scaled Agile Frameworks. Master Amaierako Lanaren bigarren zatiak erakunde handietan Agile modeloa aplikatu izanaren inguruko artikuluak aztertzen ditu. Analisi honen helburua, aurre egin beharreko erronka eta arrakasta faktoreak identifikatzea izan da. Azkenik, Agile eredua egungo erakunde handi batean ezartzeko prozesua aztertu da. Bigarren zatiko emaitzetan oinarrituta, adopzio prozesuan hobekuntzak identifikatu dira. Hitz klabeak: Agile, Proiektuen kudeaketa, eskalazioa, erakunde handiak" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16428,2015-12-11,"The aim of this work has been to determine a procedure to reuse the metal powder wasted in Laser Material Deposition (LMD) process. The powder needs to be injected into the melt pool of the support but a high ratio of the particles hits against an unmelted area and directly bounces off the deposited area. This process has an efficiency around 40 % depending on each configuration used. The material chosen has been a nickel based superalloy, Inconel 718 due to its potential application in additive manufacturing processes. After the first usage, powder is recollected and sieved.Afterwards undesired fractions are magnetically segregated and the clean fraction is rescreened to obtain data and mixed again, so that it can be reusee. New powder has not been added to the recovered fraction, and this procedure has been repeated five times. Experimental tests have been performed and it has been shown that deposited material present similar results to those obtained with new powder grains. The implementation of this process allows the improvement of the final efficiency, reducing costs and material wastes.","Lan honen helburua Laser materiala baztertze prozesuan galtzen den metal hautsa berriz erabiltzeko prozedura zehaztea da. Hautsa sustratoaren burdinurtu tokian gehitu behar da baina partikulen kopuru handiak burdinurtu ez den lekuan ikutzen du eta zuzenean errobotatzen da lekutik. Prozesuaren eraginkortasuna 40% izan daiteke eta konfigurazion menpean dago. Aukeratu den materiala nikel superalezioa izan da, Inconel 718, gehigarri fabrikazio prozesuen erabilera asko izan baitu. Lehen erabileraren ondoren, hautsa biltzen eta bahetzen da. Nahigabeko tartea imanez bereizten da eta garbi dagoen tartea berriz bahetzen da datuak hartzeko. Hauts berria ez da gehitu bilduta dagoen tarteari, eta prozedura hau bost aldiz errepikatu da. Esperimentala testek erakusten dute erabilita materiala eta materiala berria emaitza antzekoak dauzkala. Prozedura honen inplementazioak eraginkortasunaren hobekuntza lortzen du, kostuak eta hondakinak murrizten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62949,2023-07-03,"This study covers a real and painful problem for the LGTBIQ+ population who have been and are victims of hate and discrimination. In order to find out if the criminal process can be improved to avoid revictimization during the process, an analysis of the scientific literature was carried out, accompanied by interviews in order to compare theory and practice of the criminal process. In this way, different professionals of the justice sector were interviewed and provided the reality of the criminal process. Finally, conclusions and proposals for improvement are drawn by all the actors involved in the process. These are aimed at improving training, creating a database that facilitates and speeds up referral to the different services and associations available to the victim, as well as improving the information and support offered to the victim during the process. Always with the aim of reducing the re-victimization of the people going through this process and giving them back the importance they deserve in the process. For which it is also proposed to deepen, train and inform more on restorative justice.","Lan honek LGTBIQ+ biztanleriarentzat benetakoa eta mingarria den arazoa biltzen du, gorrotoaren eta diskriminazioaren biktima izan direnentzat. Birbiktimizazioak saihesteko prozesu penala hobetu daitekeen jakiteko, literatura zientifikoaren azterketa bat egin da, prozesu penalaren teoria eta praktika alderatzeko elkarrizketekin batera. Horrela, justizia-sektoreko hainbat profesional elkarrizketatu dira, zigor-arloko prozesuaren errealitatea kontatu dutenak. Azkenik, ondorioak atera eta hobetzeko proposamenak egin dira, prozesuko eragile guztien bidez. Horien helburua prestakuntza hobetzea, biktimarentzat eskuragarri dauden zerbitzu eta elkarteetara bideratzea erraztuko eta bizkortuko duen datu-base bat sortzea, eta biktimari prozesuan zehar eskaintzen zaion informazioa eta laguntza hobetzea da. Betiere, prozesu horretan dabiltzan pertsonen birbiktimizazioa murrizteko eta prozesuan merezi duten garrantzia emateko. Horretarako, justizia errestauratiboan sakontzea, prestakuntza eta informazio gehiago ematea ere proposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19613,2016-11-25,"This project aims to develop a routing algorithm that optimises the network resources and that will allow the calculation of the paths for the requested services. The first thing that needs to be done is an analysis of the existing alternatives that will allow the development of the algorithm. After the development phase, it will be necessary to carry out unit tests of the developed module. Once the algorithm is checked successfully it will be integrated into DynPaC, that is a framework that allows the addition of unicast flows with limitations of bandwidth. Later a stage is going to be set up where the integration tests will be performed. Lastly, a performance analysis will be done, where the efficiency of the algorithm will be checked.","Proiektu honen helburua bideraketa-algoritmoaren garapena da, ordenagailusareen baliabideak optimizatzen duena, eta eskatutako zerbitzuetarako bideen kalkulua egiteko gai izango dena. Lehenik egin beharrekoa alternatiba-analisi bat da, algoritmoa garatzea ahalbidetzen duen alterbatiba hautatzeko. Garapen-fasea amaitu eta gero, beharrezkoa da proba unitarioak egitea. Algoritmoa frogatu eta gero, DynPaC moduluan integratu behar da. Ondoren, agertoki bat zehaztu behar da, eta han integrazio probak egingo dira. Azkenez, errendimendu-analisiak egingo dira, algoritmoaren eraginkortasuna frogatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25353,1999,"The essential points of the Penal Code reform, introduced by the Law 8/1983 of june the 25th, are examined, and it is made a critical judgement of this reform. Likewise, although the evaluation of the reform is positive, it is underlined the necessity of making some important changes related to the crime and penalty theory and, in particular, certain penal types.","8/1983-ko Ekainaren 25-eko Lege Organikoak Kode penaleko eraberritzean ematen diren puntu garrantzitsuenak aztertzen dira, hauen komentario kritiko bat eginez. Hau hala izanik, eta eraberritzea baikorra izan den arren, aldaketa garrantzitsua batzuk beharrezkoak dira bai delituaren teorian, baita zigorren teorian ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22936,2017-07,"The aim of this work is to describe a theoretical analysis about marketing issues, starting from the traditional aspects of marketing and going through the study of how we got into de digital marketing era. It has also been described how a digital marketing plan must be done by companies, following some structural steps and which strategies are the best in order to get into their wishes. All of this will support a theoretical analysis. At the same way, we will be analysing how sports companies have suited digital marketing to their businesses, also inside this theoretical framework. Together with the analysis, an empirical study has been done about Orbea including how this company assumes the strategies of digital marketing in their business. Also, some conclusions are announced, without losing sight of digital marketing.","Lan honek marketinari buruzko analisi teorikoa du aztergai, marketin tradizionaletik hasita eta era digitalera nola heldu den sakonduz. Enpresa batek marketin digitalaren plan sendoa ezartzeko zein pausu jarraitu behar dituen eta zein estrategia mota garatu behar dituen aztertu da era teoriko batean. Ildo beretik, kirol sektoreko enpresak marketin digitalari nola moldatu diren eta zein jokaera izan duten ere aztertu da marko teoriko honen barnean. Analisi teorikoarekin bat, Orbea enpresaren kasu enpirikoa aurkezten da lan honetan. Marko teorikoaren barnean azaldutakoa nola enpresa honek praktikan jartzen duen aztertuko da eta honi buruzko ondorioak aterako dira, marketin digitalaren ikuspuntua galdu gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58692,2022-12-09,"This paper aims to offer a comprehensive analysis of the taxation of crypto assets. The legislative proposals that the European Union is processing will be taken as a starting point, with the aim of clarifying concepts and exposing their taxonomy, which is beginning to be consolidated. Below, the wide variety of operations that can be carried out using cryptoactives will be analysed, through the tax regulations of the Spanish legal system.","Lan honek kriptoaktiboen fiskalitatearen azterketa integrala eskaini nahi du. Europar Batasuna izapidetzen ari den legeproposamenak hartuko dira abiapuntutzat, Kontzeptuak argitzeko eta finkatzen hasi den horien taxonomia azaltzeko. Jarraian, Espainiako ordenamendu juridikoaren zerga-araudiaren bidez, kriptoaktiboak erabiliz egin daitezkeen eragiketen aniztasuna aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25603,1994,"Different questions about the new problems of penitentiary Administration introduced by the french new penal Code are undertaken, and the statutory provisions regarding to the privative of liberty penalty, penal measures, length of penalties, etc., are analysed explaining the consequences of this new regulation.","Frantses Lege-liburu penala berriarekin aurkezten diren Administrazio penitentziarioaren arazoei dagokien zenbait gai azaltzen dira, eta askatasun gabeko zigorra, neurri penal eta zigorraren iraupenei buruzko erabakiak aztertzen dira, arauketa berri honen ondorioak adieraziz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24383,2010,"In this article the results of the surveys about the tobacco control activity in European countries made in 2005 and 2007–using the Tobacco Control Scale (TCS)– are described. The most effective tobacco control measures are: the high taxes, the prohibition of advertising, the laws prohibiting tobacco use in working places and the sanitary warnings on tobacco packets. In the conclusions, the changes in several European countries since 2004 are analyzed to measure the improvement of tobacco policies.","Europan 2005 eta 2007 bitartean, Tabakoaren Eskala Kontrol (TCS) baten bidez neurtutako tabakoaren kontrolari buruzko ikerketen ondorioak agertzen dira artikulu honetan. Tabakoaren kontrolerako neurri erangikorren artean zergen igoera, publizitatearen debekua, lan esparruan tabakoaren kontsumoa debekatzen duten legeak eta tabako paketeetako osasun abisuak nabarmentzen dira. Ondorioetan, 2004. urtetik aurrera europako herrialdeetan eman diren aldaketak aztertzen dira, tabakoaren arloko politiken hobekuntza neurtzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20096,2017-01-09,"In This Degree’s Final Project it has been possible to demonstrate that the game is an extremely valuable tool for Education. Taking advantage of the game that generates a positive feeling in the child, it is a matter of correcting their inadequate attitudes and strengthening the correct ones, developing mathematical skills at the same time. This proposal fits within the theoretical framework of the Realistic Mathematical Education . Starting from the interests of the child, significant surroundings have been created that strengthen the resolution of problems through dialogue and the connection between previous knowledge and acquired knowledge of the child. Therefore, this work provides a solid and innovative resource that strengthens the emotional and affective capacities of the child, with the proposition of consolidating their personality and their individual development.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, hezkuntzan jolasa erreminta sendoa dela frogatzeko aukera izan dugu. Jolasean, umea ondo sentitzen denez, jarrera ezegokiak alda eta zuzenak indartu daitezke. Gainera, jokoek pentsamendu matematikoa garatzeko bidea zabaltzen digute. Proposamena Eguneroko Matematikako Hezkuntzako marko teorikoan oinarrituta dago. Umeen interesak kontutan izanik, testuinguru esanguratsuak zehaztu dira, elkarrizketen eta jardueren bidez beraien aurrezagutzak eta ezaguerak erabil ditzaten sortutako arazoak ebazteko. Beraz, irakasleak gelan erabil dezakeen baliabide berritzaile eta finko bat burutu dugu, umearen gaitasun emozionalak eta afektiboak sendotzeko, bere nortasuna eta banakako garapena eraikitzeko bidean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25551,1996,"Present regulation about mental patients' admissions, especially involuntary ones, displays some conceptual and operative objections. Some basic data regarding involuntary admissions at the Psychiatric Service of the Hospital in Galdácano (Vizcaya) are explained, alowing tackle described objections and progress towards a guarantee of total quality in the psychiatric admission process.","Gaurko araudiak, buruko gaixoen ospitalizazioari buruzkoa, eta gogoz kontrakoa bereziki, kontzeptu eta operatibozko oztopo batzuk aurkezten ditu. Galdakaoko Ospitaleko Psikiatria Zerbitzuan gogoz kontrako ospitalizazioari buruzko oinarrizko zenbait datu azaltzen da, aipatutako oztopoetara hurbiltzea eta psikiatriko ospitalizazioaren prozesuan kalitate orokorrezko berme bateruntz aurreratzea uzten dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26574,1994-12,A reflexion about problems and situations emerging from intercultural conflicts is carried out. It is proposed an acknowledgement of fundamental values of humanism and solidarity as base for cultural integration and peace.,"Kulturarteko arazoetatik sorturiko arazo eta egoerei buruzko hausnartu egiten da. Baita ere gizatasun eta elkartasunaren funtsezko baloreei esker-ona ematearen alde egiten da, kultur integrazioa eta pakea lortzeko oinarri gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19929,2016-12-21,"The present paper gathers up the analytic and methodology of 3D print applied over complex mechanisms manufacturing, including diverse contact pairs like rotational and prismatic ones. This technology's viability, its state of art and its application is analyzed, besides its application over mechanisms fast prototyping and real manufacturing.","Dokumentu honek 3D inpresioaren analitika eta metodologia jasotzen du; hau ukipen pare desberdinen fabrikazio mekanismo konplexuetara atxikitutako, baita errotazioko eta prismatikoetara ere. Teknologia honen bideragarritasuna aztertzen da, gaur egungo egoera eta bere erabilera mekanismoen prototipoetan; baita ere bere zabaltzea fabrikazio mekanismoen egiazko erabilerara." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24370,2011,"First published under the author’s secret name, Dei delitti e delle pene was banned as early as 1764 by the Inquisitors of the Venetian Republic and immediately attracted the interest of the Sacred Congregation of the Index, who were responsible for compiling and divulging the Index librorum prohibitorum. It was not included in the 1764 edition, but it was registered in the many supplements of the Index, before it offi cially featured in the general list in 1786. The formula devised to secure its inclusion in the Index has been the subject of much speculation –as have Voltaire’s possible connection and motivation–. In this regard there are still many areas of doubt that require clarification.","Hasiera-hasieran, denbora batez, egilearen ezkutuko izenarekin argitaratu zen Dei delitti e delle pene obra. 1764. urtean, Veneziako Errepublikako Inkisidoreek debekatu egin zuten haren zirkulazioa; eta ondorioz, berehala piztu zen Aurkibidearen Biltzarraren interesa, Index librorum prohibitorum biltzeaz eta kudeatzeaz arduratzen zen taldearena. Biltzar honek ez zuen, ordea, bere 1764. urteko edizioan gehitu, baina Indexen hainbat gehigarritan ageri da bere erregistroa. 1786an, berriz, zerrenda orokorrean sartu zuten. Aurkibidean gehitzeko erabilitako formulak, haatik, gaizki ulertuak sortu besterik ez du egin –Voltairerekin duen loturari eta berezko motibazioari buruzkoa–, eta oraindik ere ahalegin handia egin beharko da kontua argitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37152,2019-12-20,"Abstract: the project ""Documentary management system of voluntary practices using digital signature"" consists of the design and implementation of a web system accessible by students, teachers and companies, to carry out the management of selection and documentation of business practices. The application is designed to carry out the signing of the contract as easy and comfortable as possible, using the digital signature, and this contributes to a sustainable development. This document details the entire project execution process, starting with the initial approach, which is the pre-creation phase, followed by the original requirements, analysis, design and development. Then, the final tests of the system are specified and, at the end, the evaluation of the whole process is presented, carrying out the evaluation of the finished project.","Laburpena: “sinadura digitalaren bidezko borondatezko praktiken dokumentazio kudeaketa sistema” proiektua, ikasle, irakasle eta empresentzak eskuragarri dagoen web aplikazio baten diseinu eta inplementazioan datza, non empresa-praktiken aukeraketa eta dokumentazioa kudeatzen den. Aplikazioa diseinatuta dago hitzarmenaren sinadura ahalik eta errezena eta erosoena egiteko sinadura digitala erabiliz eta, horrela, garapen iraunkorrari laguntzeko. Dokumentu honek proiektuaren exekuzio prozesu osoa zehazten du, hasierako planteamenduarekin hasita, aurre-sorkuntza fasea dena, eta jatorrizko eskakizunak, analisia, diseinua eta garapenarekin jarraituta. Ondoren, sistemako azken probak zehazten dira eta, azkenik, prozesu osoaren ebaluazioa aurkezten da, amaitutako proiektua ebaluatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14638,2015-02-26,"The research project seeks to study the behavior of an airfoil against a turbulent flow, in this case air. Its aim is to assess the pressures on that airfoil, which it will be an spoiler type Formula Student single seater car, to check if this study brings some benefits to the application of this aerodynamic package. With the introduction of this spoiler into the single seater what we like to obtain is to get a better grip in the curves, with the resistance of the straight road being as minimal as possible to the advance of the car, since the aim is to make the circuit distance in the shortest time possible. Thus, there are two variables to consider when designing the spoiler. On the one hand, we have to improve the grip of tyres over the pavement when driving around a curve, which will allow us to drive faster and therefore in less time. On the other hand, the opposition exerted by the spoiler in the straight pavement advance that decreases its maximal speed. To summarize, the aim is to compare the horizontal and the vertical forces made by the air over the airfoil which will be introduced in the single seater and to evaluate whether it is beneficial to the car, that is to say, if by adding said profile the car moves faster with the spoiler than without it. For that reason, simulations will be made with a physical modeling software of flows and turbulences over a given spoiler design, with different types of flows in order to simulate road conditions as well as possible, and we will get the results about the air pressure that is exerted on the spoiler´s surface. After that, horizontal and vertical forces will be obtained and the data will be analyzed. Apart from the obtained results, other variables should be taken into consideration, such as the materials that will be employed to manufacture it, the manufacturing process itself, and the cost of that process and the materials that will be used.","Ikerketa proiektua helburua profil aerodinamiko baten portaera fluxu zurrunbilatsua baten aurka, kasu honetan airea, helburua da. Profil duten presioak zeintzuk diren ebaluatu nahi du. Profil auto baten aleroia izango da, Formula Student autoa, eta autoen aerodinamiko pakete honen portaera edozein hobekuntza lortzen bada egiaztatzeko. Autoan profil sartzen, lortu nahi da autoa heltze gehiago lortu biribilgunean eta aurrerapen erresistentzia zuzenean ahalik eta txikiena izaten. Helburua da zirkuituaren bidea egitea denbora ahalik eta laburrean. Beraz, aleroia diseinatzerakoan bi aldabera kontuan hartu behar ditugu, alde batetik asfaltoan bihurgune hartzerakoan neumatikoen heltzea hobetzea, honekin lortuko da biribilgunea abiadura handietan hartzea eta honela denbora gutxitan eta beste aldetik aurrerapen zuzenean aleroiak egiten duen oposizioa bere gehienezko abiadura gutxitzen. Laburpean indar horizontala eta indar bertikala airean egiten duena autoan sartuta profil aerodinamiko alderatzea da eta onuragarria den ala ez ebaluatzea da. Hau da, profila gehituz gero zirkuitua denbora gutxitan egiten den ala ez. Horretarako, simulazioak egingo dira fluxuen fisiko modelatua software batekin, eta turbulentzia aleroi diseinu jakin batean, fluxu mota desberdinarekin, beraz, pista baldintzak jarraitzeko modurik honena da, eta profilaren azaleen gainean aire fluxuak eragiten duen presioen emaitzak lortuko dira. Gero bertikal eta horizontal indar puntualak lortuko dira eta lortutako datuak aztertuko dira. Kontuan hartu behar izango dira, lortutako emaitzak, fabrikatzeko erabilitako materialak fabrikazio prozedura eta kostea, kontuan hartzen bai prozesua bai erabilitako materialak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20897,2017-03-09,"The massive consumption of fossil fuels in the transportation sector give rise to the emission of various forms of pollutants into the atmosphere. Moreover, the depletion of the reserves of these fuels has promoted the research and development of alternative sources of energy. Within this scenario it is remarkable the potential of hydrogen due to its possibility to be stored and the wide variety of ways that can be produced. The present study deals with the analysis of hydrogen as a potential energy vector on large scale and, in particular, with the analysis of the various technologies to be stored in vehicles taking into account, both currently available or commercialized systems and under development technologies.","Atmosfera kutsatzaile asko isurtzen dira garraio sektorean ematen den erregai fosilen kontsumo itzela dela eta. Arrazoi honegatik eta baita erregai fosilen erreserbak agortzen ari direlako, beste teknologia/erregai iraunkorragoen ikerketa hasi zen orain urte batzuk, hidrogenoaren erabilera azpimagarria izanik. Hidrogenoa modu ezberdin askotara produzitu daiteke eta biltegiratzen modu ezberdinak eskeintzen ditu. Lan honetan, hidrogenoa energia bektore potentzial gisa ikertuko da eta era sakonago batean, hidrogenoa ibilgailuetan biltegiratzeko dauden teknologia ezberdinak aztertuko dira, bai gaur egun komertzializatuak dauden sistemak baita egun garapen fasean aurkitzen direnak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29396,2018-10-30,"ENGLISH: The following project has tried to design a building to cover an Olympic pool. The building will be located in the sports centre of the municipality of Portugalete. The objective of the construction will be to host national and international swimming championships throughout the year. The building consists of a single floor of 60 * 35 m and a maximum height of 11 m.","EUSKERA: Proiektu honen bitartez igeritoki olinpiko bat estaltzeko eraikin baten diseinua egingo da. Egitura Portugaleteko herrian kokatuko da, ain zuzen ere, Portugaleteko polikiroldegian. Igeritokia estaltzearen helburu nagusia urtean zehar txapelketa nazionalak eta internazionalak gauzatzea da. Eraikina 60 * 35 m-ko solairu bakarra izango du eta altuera maximoa 11 m izango dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26052,1990,"It is discussed the prison functionary training, establishing its objectives, one of them should be the reintegration of prisoners.","Funtzionarialgoaren heziketa, honek izan behar dituen helburuak eta horietako bat barneratuen birtxaketa izatea dira ondorengo artikuluan aztergai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19644,2016-11-29,"The next project consists on the design and CNC programming of a laptop keyboard case. The case will be made of aluminum and its manufacturing will be done by 2-axis and a half milling. There will be two different stages in the project: the first phase will consist on designing the piece following the requirements requested by the customers using a CAD program, and, then, will start the process of the numeric control programming for its manufacturing in the manufacturing centre. The milling will be designed using a FAGOR numeric control simulator.","Proiektu honen helburua ordenagailu eramangarri baten teklatuaren karkasa diseinatu eta bere fabrikaziorako CNC programa egitea da. Karkasa aluminiozkoa izango da eta bere fabrikazioa bi ardatz t’erdiko fresatzeko makina batean burutuko da. Proiektuak bi etapa izango ditu: lehendabizi CAD programa baten bitartez piezaren diseinua egin beharko da, bezeroaren baldintzak betez, eta jarraian zenbaki-kontroleko programa sortuko da, pieza ekoiztu ahal izateko. Horretarako, FAGOR-en CNC simulagailua erabili behar izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37087,2019-12-19,"Abstract: this project is an investigation carried out in collaboration with the Bilbao City Council that is located in the Etxebarria Park in Bilbao. What we want to achieve with this research is to demonstrate that it is possible to build more sustainable cities and that in the future it will be necessary to build cities from a greener perspective. To this end, it has been explained what are they and what types of sustainable urban drainage systems exist. In addition, examples have been given from Spain and the Basque Country. The main objective is to locate sustainable urban drainage systems in the park and analyze the consequences of the sanitation network with the EPA-SWMM program. In this software, the existing sanitation network has been designed and the selected sustainable drains have been added. The proposed urban system will consist on three bioretention drains and an infiltration trench. In addition, these systems will be integrated into the network and will not change the use of the park. With this system of sustainable drainage, it will be possible to reduce the flow of the tip and, above all, reduce the total volume of water that the subcatchments will suffer.","Laburpena: proiektu hau Bilboko Udalaren laguntzarekin batera egin den ikerketa bat da. Ikerketa hau Bilboko Etxebarria parkean kokatzen da. Ikerketa honekin lortu nahi dena da egiaztatzea posible dela hiri jasangarriak eraikitzea eta etorkizunean ikuspuntu ekologikoago batetik eraiki behar ditugula hiriak. Horretarako, hiri-drainatze sistema jasangarriak zer diren eta ze mota dauden azaldu egin da. Gainera, Espainian mailan zein Euskal Herri mailan zeinbat adibide azaldu dira. Proiektuaren helburu nagusia parkean hiri-drainatze sistema jasangarriak kokatzea da eta horretarako saneamendu sarea aztertuko da EPA-SWMM programarekin. Software honetan orain dagoen saneamendu sarea diseinatu da eta aukeratutako drainatze jasangarriak gehitu egin dira. Proposatzen den hiri-sistema hiru bioerretentzio gunez eta infiltrazio zanga batez osatuta egongo dago. Gainera, sistema hauek sarean integratuko dira eta ez da parkearen erabilera aldatuko. Drainatze jasangarri hauekin lortuko dena da puntako emariak txikitzea eta gehien bat, azpi-arroek jasango duten ur-bolumen totala murriztea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23178,2017-07,"Analysis of the impact of wind on the transmission structures of electricity. The theoretical study of the wind has been carried out to better understand its effects on the towers. The various problems that have been addressed in the useful life of the towers have been classified. Finally, various solutions to problems have been specified.","Argindar transmisio dorreetan haizearen eragina aztertuko da. Hasteko, haizearen azterketa teorikoa burutu da, dorreetan dituen ondorioak hobeto ulertzeko. Dorrearen bizitza baliagarrian aurkezten diren arazo desberdinak sailkatu dira. Azkenik, arazo hauei aurre egiteko hainbat emaitza proposatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29193,2018-10-22,"Electric companies have engaged with a great evolution in their telecommunications capabilities during the present decade to improve their telecommunications infrastructure to provide connectivity solutions via the electric infrastructure with the Powerline Communications Technology (PLC). The vast variety of diverse medium voltage cables that are being used for these purpose, the different distances covered, and also the difference between old cables types (electromagnetic shielding, …), and the new cable types, have conditioned the real performance of the network. The main goal of this work is to study the correlation between the distances and cable types being used in this kind of communications, and the performance obtained, so that improvements can be achieved for future deployments.","Azken hamarkadan, konpainia elektrikoek telekomunikazio azpiegituran bilakaera handia izan dute konpromisoa, konektibitatearen konponbideak eskaintzeko azpiegitura elektrikoaren bidez, Powerline Communications (PLC) teknologia erabiliz. Horretarako erabiltzen diren tentsio ertaineko kable aniztasun zabala, estaldura desberdinen artean, eta baita kable mota zaharren (babes elektromagnetikoarekin ...) eta kable mota berrien arteko desberdintasunak ere, baldintza egokiak izan dituzte. sarea Lan honen helburu nagusia distantzia eta mota horretako komunikazioen arteko korrelazioa aztertzea da, eta lortu den errendimendua, etorkizuneko inplementazioetan hobekuntza lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29237,2018-10-23,"The main goal of this project is to analyze the Ferranti Effect and calculate its appearance by varying the load conditions and the design parameters of the transformer. For this purpose, a graphical user interface will be developed in Matlab that allows to introduce the design parameters of the transformer and the load conditions and, based on these values, calculate the phase shift from which the Ferranti Effect is produced.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Ferranti Efektua aztertzea eta honen agerpena kalkulatzea da, karga egoera eta transformadorearen diseinu parametro desberdinen arabera. Horretarako Matlaben erabiltzaile interfaze grafiko bat garatuko da transformadorearen diseinu parametroak eta karga egoera sartzea ahalbideratzen duena, zeinetan balio hauen bidez Ferranti Efektua sorrarazten duen desfasea kalkulatuko den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63104,2023-06-09,"The main objective of this undergraduate thesis is to establish the content and scope of Articles 32 and 34 of the Spanish Mortgage Law, and consequently, to analyze the figure of the third party that generates so much controversy in legal doctrine and establish its scope of protection. This work begins with a summary of the background, main characteristics, and guiding principles of the Spanish land registry system, along with a brief comparison of this system with the French and German ones. Building on this foundation, a presentation and explanation of the main characteristics of the third party figure will be given, followed by an analysis of the protection system created for it by the Spanish Land Registry and a comparison of the legal provisions. In addition to this, after gathering and analyzing the content of Article 1473 of the Civil Code, the case of double sale will be presented, and its main differences with the case of sale of someone else's property will be mentioned. Similarly, to conclude, a brief explanation will be provided on the relationship between Article 1473 of the Civil Code and Article 32, and above all, with Article 34 of the Mortgage Law, and how this affects the protection of the third party.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia espainiar Hipoteka Legearen 32. eta 34. artikuluen eduki eta eremua, eta, ondorioz, doktrinan hain gatazkatsua den hirugarrenaren kontzeptua aztertzea eta haren babes-eremua finkatzea izan da. Hasteko, lehenik eta behin espainiar sistema erregistralaren aurrekari, ezaugarri nagusi eta printzipio zuzentzaileen azalpen sintetizatu bat egingo da, horrekin batera Alemania eta Frantziako ereduekin konparaketa txiki bat eginez; aurreko hori oinarritzat hartuta hirugarrenaren figuraren aurkezpena eta ezaugarrien azalpena egingo dira, ondoren espainiar Jabetza Erregistroak harentzako sortu duen babes-sistemaren azterketa eta lege-xedapenen kontraste ariketa bat eginez. Horrez gain, Kode Zibilaren 1473. artikuluaren edukia jaso eta aztertu eta gero, salmenta bikoitzaren supostua aurkeztu eta hura beste baten gauzaren salmentarekin alderatuko da. Halaber, eta bukatzeko, Kode Zibilaren 1473. artikulua Hipoteka Legearen 32. eta, batez ere, 34. artikuluarekin duen harremanaren eta horren hirugarrenaren babesean duen eraginaren azalpen labur bat egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27749,2011,"In recent decades, the application of Palynology to the study of different archaeological contexts has known an important development. However, its practice is still so inadequate in historical deposits, especially if it is to the Postclassic periods. For this reason we will exhibit a state of the art of palaeopalynological studies whose sequences have been documented record of medieval times. To do this, we collected data for palaeopalynological works performed throughout the mainland area, both natural deposits, and archaeological.","Azkenengo hamarkadetan, Palinologiaren aplikazioa testuinguru arkeologikoetan garapen garrantzitsua ezagutu du. Hala ere, haren erabilera jalkin historikoetan oraindik oso urriak dira, batez ere aro potsklasikoan. Hori dela eta, Ertaroa erregistratzen diren sekuentzia paleopalinologikoen ikerkuntzaren egoera azaltzen da. Horretarako, penintsula eremuan egindako lan paleopalinologikoen datuak aztertu dira, nahiz jalkin naturaletan nahiz arkeologikoetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29244,2018-10-23,"Inglés: The degree thesis presented here aims to obtain the energy certificate of an existing residence through the use of simplified methods executed by the CE3X software. The program is based on the comparison of the building to be certified and a database that has been prepared specially for each of the cities representative of the climatic zones. Once the energy rating has been obtained, various possible improvement alternatives will be proposed in order to improve the energy rating and to reduce energy consumption. In addition, a brief economic study will be carried out where the profitability of each alternative will be analyzed.","Euskera: Jarraian aurkezten den GAL-ak CE3X softwareak burututako metodo simplifikatiboen bidez etxebizitzen ziurtagiri energetikoa lortzea du helburu. Programa, ziurtagirirako erabili den eraikuntzaren eta zonalde klimatiko bakoitzeko adierazgarri den hirirako sortu den datu basearen arteko konparaketan oinarritzen da. Behin kalifikazio energetikoa lortuta, zenbait hobekuntza alternatiba proposatuko dira kalifikazio energetikoa hobetzeko eta energia kontsumoa murrizteko xedearekin. Halaber, ikerketa ekonomiko labur bat burutuko da non alternatiba bakoitzaren errentagarritasuna ikasiko den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/49232,2020-12-23,"Although new methodologies are gradually being developed, traditional education prevails in everyday lessons. Additionally, there is very little literature on teaching Technology. In order to make a contribution to Technology Education, we will develop a didactic proposal to teach introduction to Digital Electronics in high school. To do that, we will use a widely accepted methodology in the teaching community: Design-Based Research (DBR). This methodology, which covers the principles of constructivism, is made up of several iterative phases that feed into each other. Those iterative cycles make it possible to evaluate and rebuild the design whenever is needed. Furthermore, being a flexible methodology allows researchers borrow methods from other methodologies. First of all, we will look at what has been researched in Technology Education, focusing on constructivism theory and DBR methodology. Afterwards, we will do an epistemological analysis to see what engineering tells us about the basic concepts of Digital Electronics. Finally, combining this knowledge with the aforementioned methodology, we will design a Teaching Learning Sequence that will be applicable in the classroom.","Apurka-apurka metodologia berriak garatzen doazen arren, egun, ikasgeletan nagusitzen dena hezkuntza tradizionala da. Ildo beretik, oso urria da Teknologiaren irakaskuntzari buruz aurki dezakegun literatura. Gradu Amaierako Lan hau hezkuntzaren garapenari ekarpen txiki bat egiteko asmoz mamitu dugu. Bertan, Derrigorrezko Bigarren Hezkuntzako laugarren mailan Elektronika Digitalaren sarrera lantzeko proposamen didaktikoa aurkezten dugu. Lana egiteko, irakaskuntza komunitatean onespen handia duen metodologia erabili dugu: Diseinuan Oinarritutako Ikerketa (Design-Based Research, DBR). Konstruktibismoaren printzipioak bere egiten dituen metodologia hau elkar elikatzen duten hainbat fasez eratua dago. Ziklo iteratiboetan oinarritzen denez, edozein oztoporen aurrean moldatzen da. Halaber, metodologia malgua izanik, beste metodologia batzuetatik elikatzen da, euren metodoak txertatuz. Gauzak horrela, teknologiaren didaktikari buruz ikertu dena aztertuko dugu lehenik, konstruktibismoaren teoria eta DBR metodologia ardatz izanik. Ondoren, analisi epistemologikoa egingo dugu, egun elektronika digitalaren oinarrizko kontzeptuei buruz dakiguna ikusteko. Azkenik, jakintza hori DBR metodologiarekin uztartuz, ikasgeletan aplikagarria izango den Irakaskuntza-Ikaskuntza Sekuentzia diseinatuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25527,2017,"As Axular himself admits, in the Gero book there are some paragraphs taken from contemporary devotion books. They are not filler paragraphs, but elements at the service of the textual composition. Based on the identification of one of these sources (P. Guzman, Bienes de el honesto trabajo, 1614), this present article attempts to carry a provisional contribution, even if it is limited to the first chapter of the book. Thus, the article allows to appreciate the Axular’s rhetorical way of organizing the cited chapter and introducing an until now unidentified source.","Axularrek berak aitortu bezala, Gero liburuan bada hainbat lerroalde garaiko deboziozko liburuetatik jasoak direnak. Ez ohi dira, halere, betegarri gisa tartekaturiko pasarteak, kapituluak zurkaizteko erabilitako teknika erretorikoaren tresna baizik. Iturburu-edo izan omen ziren horietako baten identifikazioa bide (Guzman, Bienes de el honesto trabajo, 1614), behin-behineko aletxoa ekartzen saiatu da honako artikulu hau, oraingo jolaslekua euskal idazlearen liburuaren lehen kapitulura mugatu bada ere. Hartara, Axularrek kapitulu osoa bilbatzeko erakutsitako eraz eta orain arte identifikatzeke zegoen iturbegi horretako pasarteen txertaketaz jardungo da bertan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21009,2017-03-21,"The following document presents the proposal for a bachelor’s thesis of industrial engineering degree about the analysis and comparative study of structural options for multi-floor buildings directed to activities of the third sector made up of steel and precast concrete. First of all, we will go through the construction as a system to later on introduce the structural system and the different possible alternatives. After choosing porch system, we will study the deformations and stability of the multi-floor structure depending on the joints and geometry. Afterwards, we will approach both materials under study, steel and precast concrete. They will be introduced and the alternatives and main characteristics of their principal elements will also be commented. Finally, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each material.","Hurrengo dokumentuan industria teknologiaren ingenieritzako gradu amaierako lana proposatzen da, hirugarren sektore ekonomikora zuzendutako altzairu eta hormigoi prefabrikatuz eginiko eraikinentzako aukera estrukturalen analisi eta konparazio ikerlanean oinarritua. Lehenik eta behin, eraikina sistema gisa aurkeztuz hasiko gara; geroago sistema estrukturala eta ditugun aukera ezberdinak azaltzeko. Sistema aterpeduna hautatu ondoren, solairu anitzeko deformazio eta egonkortasun estrukturala aztertuko da haren lokarri eta geometriaren menpe. Ondoren, bi material aztergairi buruz hitz egingo dugu, altzairua eta hormigoi aurrefabrikatua hain zuzen ere. Elementu nagusien ezaugarri eta aukerak ere azaldu eta iruzkinduak izango dira. Azkenik, material bakoitzeko abantaila eta desabantailak komentatuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14350,2015-02-05,"The objective of this work is to obtain the energetic rate of a building and to do a project of possible improvements. The certification has been obtained with the computer-program CE3X, this tool is authorized by the Industry Ministry. The mark of the building has been 89.8 G and after introducing the improvement steps the mark has been 14.8 C, according to the European regulations. In addition, pictures of the CE3X and pictures of the real certificate are shown. The planning and the budget are also included in this document.","Lan honek bizitetxe baten ziurtapen energetikoa eta lortutako emaitzen hobekuntzak aurrera eramateko proiektu bat planifikatzea du helburu, ateratako nota hobetzeko asmoz. Ziurtapena CE3X progamarekin egin da, Industria Ministerioak onartutako erraminta da progama hau. Bizitetxearen kalifikazioa 89.8 G izan da eta hobekuntza neurriak ezarri eta gero 14.8 C-ko nota lortu da, Europar legediaren arabera. Horretaz gain, CE3X programaren jardunbidea eta ziurtagiri erreal baten irudiak eskaintzen dira. Hobekuntza neurrien planifikazioa eta aurrekontua dokumentu honen barnean aurki daitezke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70348,2018,"This work is based on the censorship-translation-ideology relationship and has a double objective: to propose a research programme and to present a classification model for the data available so far. On the one hand, it presents a research-scheme based on the theory of fields, complementary to the schemes presented in previous papers, but which reveals both creative and destructive conditioning factors arising from the combination of censorship and translation in the field of Basque Studies. A general framework of this type is fundamental for visualizing new lines of research and classifying the data that Historical Memory in Iberian Literatures (MHLI) research-group has extracted in the documentation-process carried out in the General Administration Archive (AGA). In this sense, research questions related to the research-scheme presented are proposed, as far as they are useful for the exploitation of the data extracted from the censorship files of the AGA. On the other hand, the research-scheme proposed is used to classify the data available so far in relation to Franco’s censorship and translation in the field of Basque Studies (this work focuses on examples of censorship cases related to written texts), in order to debate issues such as the elements of social structures that influence translation processes, discourses, corpora and canon eliminated and promoted in censorship situations, as well as translation strategies to avoid or support the censorship process.","Zentsura-itzulpena-ideologia loturak oinarri hartuta, bikoitza da lan honen xedea: ikerketa-programa bat proposatzea eta eskura ditugun datuak sailkatzen hasteko adibide bat eskaintzea. Batetik, eremuen teoriaren araberako ikerketa-programa bat aurkezten da, lehenago proposatu izan direnen osagarri, euskal ikasketetan zentsura eta itzulpena elkarrekin gurutzatzen diren esparruetako eragin sortzaileak eta ezabatzaileak agerrarazteko; izan ere, funtsezkoa da gisa horretako marko orokor bat, ikerketa-esparru berriak ikusarazten dituena, Memoria Historikoa Literatura Iberiarretan ikerketa-taldea (MHLI) Archivo General de la Administración (AGA) erakundean egiten ari den hustuketa-laneko datuak sailkatzeko. Ildo horretan, ikerketa-galderak proposatzen dira marko horren bidetik, besteak beste, AGAko datuak ustiatzeko. Bestetik, ikerketa-programa hori baliatzen da euskal eremuko Frankismoaren zentsura instituzionalari buruzko datuak sailkatzen hasteko (testu idatziekin lotutako zentsura-kasuen adibideetara jotzen da) eta itzulpena ukitzen duten gizarte-egituren osagaiak eta diskurtsoak, sortutako eta ezabatutako corpusak eta kanonak, eta zentsura ekiditeko edo zentsuratzeko itzulpen-estrategiak hizpide hartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29198,2018-10-22,"The main objective of this project is the simulation of a bicycle frame test, precisely the Crash test (fall of a mass) described in the Spanish standard UNE-EN ISO 4210-6. To do so, the creation of the frame will be needed, along with the fork and the mass, which would carry out the crash. The simulation and the analysis will be developed by a Finite Element software.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia bizikleta baten koadroaren entsegu baten simulazioa da, hain zuzen ere, UNE-EN ISO 4210-6 arau espainarrean definitutako Talka entsegua (masa baten erorketa), aurrerago azladuko dena. Honetarako, beharrezkoa izango da koadroaren modeloa eraikitzea urkila eta talka sortuko duen masarekin batera. Entseguaren simulazioa eta analisia Elementu Finituen software baten bitartez lortuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19845,2016-12-13,"The main purpose of this project is to optimize the energy distribution in air lines. The maximun curret that can flow continuosly throughout a conductor without being damaged is called ampacity. Ampacity depends on factors related to its construction material and the environmental conditions where the conductor is located. It is highly important to measure the enviromental conditions all the time in order to calculate accurately the ampacity. However, it would requiere the instalation of measuring centers in each tower distributions. Alternatively, this project relies on weather forecasts that provide AEMET (State Meteorological Agency). Weather forecasts are not always sufficiently accurate, therefore, this proyect compare weather forecasts data with data taken in real time by measuring centers installed in Sakana.","Proiektu honen helburua energíaren distribuzioa aireko linetan optimizatzea da. Eroale batetik era jarraian igaro daiteken corrontea eroaleak kalterik jasan gabe anpazitatea deitzen da. Anpazitatea lineako eraikuntza materialen eta línea kokatuta dagonen lekuaren ingurune baldintzen mendean dago. Oso garrantzitsua da anpazitatea era zehatzean kalkulatzeko ingurumen baldintzak une bakoitzean ezagutzea. Hala ere, honek neurri zentro instalazioa eskatuko luke distribuzio dorre bakoitzean. Alternatiba bezala, proiektu honek oinarritzen da AEMET-ek (Meteorologiako Estatuko Agentzia) ematen dizkigun iragarpen meteorologikoetan. Iragarpen meteorologikoak ez dira beti aski zehatzak, horregatik, proiektu honek konparatzen ditu denbora errealean Sakana-n jarritako neurri zentroekin neurtutako datuak iragarpen meteorologikoetatik lortutako datuekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45247,2020-07-09,"The purpose of this Final Degree project is the design and realization of a microbot capable of being controlled by radiofrequency and infrared. Given the high automation that occurs in most industrial sectors, we find more and more spaces of difficult access for the human being and where, in case of wanting to make any type of measurements, the figure of small, robust and sensorized robots is necessary, capable of transmitting the information collected in real time to an HMI device or to a data gathering system. In this case, the possibility of carrying out a microbot that carries different sensors has been considered so that, in the event of a possible intervention in confined spaces, the technician can evaluate possible environmental risks before entering and thus avoid possible fatal consequences. This type of microbots can also be programmed to work autonomously, entering areas restricted to humans in order to detect possible anomalies in places where it is not possible to place fixed sensors. If we also communicate these devices, capable of moving autonomously, in a plant, with connected operators, there are countless use cases to improve the safety and health of employees of an industrial production plant, avoiding exposing them to high noise levels, pollution, radiation and helping them in case of an emergency.","Gradu Amaierako proiektu honen helburua erradiofrekuentziaz eta infragorriez kontrolatu ahal izateko mikrobot bat diseinatzea eta ekitea da. Sektore industrial gehienetan gertatzen den automatizazio handia dela eta, gizakiarentzako sarbide zaila duten espazio gehiago aurkitzen ditugun bakoitzean eta, edozein neurri mota egin nahi badugu, robot txikia, sendo eta sentsorizatuta behar dugu, datuak denbora errealean biltzeko edo datuak biltzeko sistema zentral batera bidaltzeko gai dena. Kasu honetan, sentsore desberdin dauzkan mikrobota egiteko aukera planteatu da, beraz, espazio mugatuetan interbentzio posibleren bat gertatuz gero, teknikariak ingurumen arriskuak baloratu ahal izan ditu sartu aurretik eta, beraz, ondorio kaltegarriak ekiditeko. Mikrobota mota hauek modu autonomoan funtziona dezaketen, gizakiei mugatutako eremuetan sartzeko, sentsore finkoak jartzea ezinezkoa den lekuetan, anomaliak antzemateko. Industrialdean Microbot autonomoa eta konektatutako langilea batera lan egin dezakete eta, kasu honetan, erabilera-kasu ugari daude produkzio-fabrika bateko langileen segurtasuna eta osasuna hobetzeko, zarata maila altuetara ez egoteko, kutsadura, erradiazioa eta larrialdi kasuetan laguntzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55054,2022-01-18,"In our society, important steps have been taken in favour of women’s rights. Even so, we still have a long way to achieve a society and an education system based on equality and for this, it is necessary to work on coeducation with students. Therefore, in order to verify that coeducation is systematically worked in Primary Education, surveys have been distributed to 100 pupils, 73 teachers and 150 family members, from which it has been concluded that coeducation is not sufficiently worked. Consequently, the aim of the proposed innovative teaching material is to make Primary Education students aware of the importance of coeducation, that is, that they know that all people are different, creating respectful behaviours towards those differences, and ensuring empathy and healthy relationships.","Gure gizartean emakumeen eskubideen aldeko pausu garrantzitsuak eman dira. Hala ere, asko falta zaigu berdintasunean oinarritutako gizarte bat zein hezkuntza sistema bat lortzeko eta horretarako, ezinbestekoa da ikaslegoarekin hezkidetza lantzea. Beraz, hezkidetza Lehen Hezkuntzan modu sistematikoan lantzen den aztertzeko, 100 ikasleei, 73 irakasleei eta 150 familia kideei inkesta bana banatu zaie eta hauetatik ateratako ondorio nagusia, hezkidetza ez dela nahiko jorratzen izan da. Ondorioz, lan honetan proposaturiko material didaktiko berritzailearen helburua Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleak hezkidetzaren garrantziaz jabetzea da, hau da, pertsona guztiak desberdinak garela jakitea, desberdintasun hauen aurrean errespetuzko jarrerak eraikiz, eta enpatia zein harreman osasuntsuak bermatuz. Material didaktiko berritzailea, Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailako ikasleei, hauen irakasleei eta familiei dago zuzenduta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36516,2019-11-27,"The aim of this project is to design and carry out an artificial neural network capable of predicting the meteorological variables of a high voltage line. In order to make this network, RStudio has been used. Once the meteorological conditions are predicted, the ampacity of the high voltage line is calculated","Lan honen helburua goi-tentsio linea bateko aldagai meteorologikoak iragartzeko gai den sare neuronal artifizial bat diseinatzea eta burutzea da. Sare hau egin ahal izateko, RStudio erabili da. Behin kondizio meteorologikoak iragarrita, goitentsio lineako anpazitatea kalkulatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25608,1994,"From criminal policy, crimes against sexual liberty and its treatment by Justice Administration are studied, seting out the subject as a matter of social control to desviation in the same way some victimological reflections about the situation of passive individual sujet of these crimes are accompllshed.","Politika kriminaletik abiatuz, askatasun sexualaren aurkako gaiztakeriaz eta honi buruzko Justizi Administrazioak egindako tratamenduaz ikerketa bat burutzen da, desbideraketa baten gizakontrolaren gal bezala aurkeztuz. Halaber, gaiztakeri hauetako sujeto pasiboaren egoerari buruzko biktimologiko gogoeta batzuk egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72701,2025-02-13,"The present document focuses on the electrical and control development of a potable water supply system for a hypothetical population located in an area with irregular terrain characteristics. To address this project, it begins by highlighting the importance of water for life on Earth and explaining in detail the treatment process necessary to convert water into potable water. Next, the design of the water supply system is presented, analyzing the various electromechanical devices to be used and the required synchronization between them to ensure efficient operation. Subsequently, technical calculations are performed for the proper selection of electrical devices, and the system is implemented in specialized automation software, allowing for real-time monitoring and control. Finally, an analysis of what was studied during the process is carried out, and potential improvements are proposed to ensure a safe and efficient water supply for the population.","Egungo dokumentuak ur-hornidurako sistema baten garapen elektrikoan eta kontrol-garapenean jartzen du arreta, ezaugarri irregularrak dituen lursailean kokatutako populazio hipotetiko batentzat. Proiektu hau jorratzeko, ura Lurrean bizitzarako duen garrantzia nabarmentzen da lehenik, eta ura edangarri bihurtzeko beharrezkoa den tratamendu-prozesua xehetasunez azaltzen da. Jarraian, ur-hornidurako sistemaren diseinua aurkezten da, erabili beharreko hainbat gailu elektromekaniko aztertuz eta haien arteko sinkronizazioa eskatuz, funtzionamendu eraginkorra bermatzeko. Ondoren, gailu elektrikoen hautaketa egokia egiteko kalkulu teknikoak egiten dira eta sistema espezializatutako automatizazio-software batean inplementatzen da, denbora errealean monitorizatzeko eta kontrolatzeko aukera emanez. Azkenik, prozesuan ikasitakoaren azterketa egiten da eta ezarpenak hobetzeko proposamenak egiten dira, horrela populazioarentzako ur-hornidura segurua eta eraginkorra bermatuz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23357,2017-09,"The present work is a theoretical – experimental study for the implementation of a system of mechanical vibrations of several degrees of freedom with the purpose of making a contribution to the development of a practice for the course of mechanical vibrations. This study which validates a simplified procedure for the analysis of a car suspension where the mechanical system consist of three different planes: the first refers to the road, the intermediate represents the plane of the wheels and the last one the chassis. In this simplified analysis procedure, the fundamental mode of vibrations and the natural frequency of a car suspension must be estimated on the basis of a truck-dependent movement. The model that will be carried out by this study is based on another product of the company Quanser Innovate Educate. This will require an extensive knowledge base in 3D design for the prototype, for it is necessary the knowledge of a program like CATIA, and apply the knowledge acquired in the subject of theory of mechanisms and mechanical vibrations, to facilitate the calculations is necessary the knowledge of software tools such as Mathematica or Octave.","Aurkeztuko den lana ikerketa teoriko – esperimentala bibrazio mekanikoko hainbat askatusun-graduko sistema da eta honen inplementazioa bibrazio mekanikoko laborategiko praktika garapenerako erabiliko da. Ikerketa baliozkotzen den sistema mekanikoa auto baten moteltze sistema sinplifikatua izango da eta hiru plano desberdinez osatuta egongo da: lehen planoa galtzadaren mugimendua simulatuko du, erdiko planoa gurpilen planoa irudikatuko du eta azkena aldiz, txisisa. Sinplifikatutako analisi prozedura honetan estimatu beharra dago bibrazio funtsezko modua eta autoaren moteltzaile sistemaren maiztasun naturala errepidearen mendeko mugimendu oinarrituta. Ikerketa honen bidez burutuko den modeloa Quanser Innovate Educate enpresatik oinarrituta dago. Prototipoa diseinatzerako orduan, hau da 3D-ko diseinua egiteko, ezaguera oinarri zabal bat beharko da CATIA software-erremintan eta kalkuluak errazteko baita ere Mathematica edo Octave-n ezaguera beharrezkoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32257,2019-03-29,"The purpose of the present end-of-degree project is to define the calculations, studies and works necessary for the constructionof the facilities required for a cryptomoney mining farm. The industrial building will be located in Torre-Pacheco, municipality of Murcia, in the Roldan industrial estate.This industrialbuildingisgabled roofwith an inclination of 11.3 degrees, has a spanof 20 meters and a length of 50 meters. The vertical height is 7 meters and maximum up to 9 meters. Both the enclosure of the roof and the sides will be sandwich-typepanel.In one of the gable, a space of 5x20 meters itreservesfor storage, to take advantage of this space, a mezzanine with a height of 4 meters will build for maintenance personnelwork.Due to the activity ofthis industrial building, we have designeda beamto supporttheweight of the evaporative air conditioner and on the two side of the buildingwill have axial fans to avoid the overpressure exerted by the air conditioner.","Oraingogradu-amaieralanahelburu du kalkuluetako, ikerketentzat eta beharrezko lanentzat instalazio eskatuen eraikuntzarentzat cryptomonedasen meatzaritzaren granja batentzatdefinizioa helburu du. Industria-nabea Torre-pachecon kokatuta egon izango da, Murtziaren udalerria, industrialde Roldanen.Eraikina,industria-nabe bat da bi uretara 11,3 gradutako inklinazio batekin, du 20m-ren argi bat eta 50m-ren longitude bat. Aldapa altuera 7m da eta maximoa 9m-ren gailurreraino. Honenbeste kubiertaren itxitura eta aldeak panel motakoa izango dira sandwicha.Arkupe piñoien eta aldamenekoa batean, 5x20m-ren espazio bat gorde da ordezko piezen biltegiarentzat eta espazio hau aprobetxatzeko bukaerarekin, ere solairuarte bat jarriko die lau metroko altuera zuzenduri lanetako arearentzat mantentzetik agertu.Nabe hau zuzentzen duen jardueragatik evaporativo klimatizagailuaren pisua jasango duen eta fatxadan habe bat diseinatu du haizagailu axialetatik jarriko da gehiegizko presio erabilia klimatizagailuagatik saihesteko" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19442,2016-10-27,"The aim of this document is to develop different programming strategies on humanoid robots to take part on the competition CEABOT 2016 that will take place in Madrid in September. The challenges that will have to be passed on the competition will be analyzed and the available resources will be checked, both human and material ones, in order to adapt the strategies to them. Finally, once all the strategies are designed they will be implemented in the chosen robot and will be tested in simulations of the real challenge to detect the possible fails and solve them.","Lan honen helburua giza itxurako robot batean gauzatuko diren programazio estrategiak diseinatzea eta garatzea da, Madrilen irailean ospatuko den CEABOT 2016 txapelketan parte hartzeko. Lehenik eskuragarri dagoen materiala eta gainditu beharreko frogak aztertuko dira, eta horretan oinarrituta hainbat estrategia diseinatuko dira. Estrategia egokienak hautatu ondoren, robotean inplementazio prozesua azalduko da, baita balidazioa lortzeko egin beharko diren froga guztiak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17640,2016-03-16,"School failure is harmful not just to the family coping with school failure, but to the whole society. It is worrying the fact that our schools are unable to ensure an adequate education for all students. If the teaching staff are not provided with all necessary resources to make all students reach their academic goals, all of our efforts will be useless. This work aims to clarify the concept of 'school failure': factors leading to it, consequences issuing from it and its main reasons are identified from a multidisciplinary point of view, the current situation is analysed and some standards are proposed in order to foresee and prevent school failure.","Eskola Porrota kaltegarria da ez bakarrik jasotzen duten familientzat, gizarte osoarentzat baizik. Kezkagarria da gure eskolak ikasle guztien heziketa egokia ziurtatzeko kapazak ez izatea. Irakasleok ez badugu gure ikasle guztien arrakasta lortzeko baliabiderik, gure ahalegin guztiak alferrikako lana bihurtuko dira. Lan honetan, informazioaren bilketa egin da eta analisiaren bidez, Eskola Porrotaren esangura argitu nahi izan da, diziplinarteko ikuspuntu batetik: bere faktoreak, arrazoiak eta ondorioak identifikatzen dira, egoeraren azterketa bat egiten da eta irakasleentzat Eskola Porrota garaiz aurreikusteko eta saihesteko jarraibidea ere proposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36835,2019-12-12,"Sudden death due to cardiac arrest (SCA) is the main cause of death worldwide and according to some studies, due to the global increase in cardiovascular diseases, the probability of suffering SCA will increase. Although there are progresses in recovery techniques, the probability of surviving a cardiac arrest is low. Nowadays, the probability of suffering from SCA outside the hospital is high, having a lower probability of survival than if it occurred inside the hospital (<% 10). In cardiorespiratory stops it is essential to have an early detection and the knowledge of the different stages of the protocols to follow for their recovery. In a SCA, the basic clinical information provided by the electrocardiogram (ECG) is essential; therefore, it is important to develop specific and solid methods of automatic identification of the ECG for several applications: rhythm diagnosis, rhythm detection, thermodynamically characterization of the patients, ... Therefore, the detection of QRS waves is necessary because that contain the energy of the heartbeat; however, it must be taken into account that there is no regulation of the start and end of the waves on the ECG. In a SCA, very irregular and aberrant rhythms arise; above all, the so-called PEA rhythms (Pulseless electrical activity), with a very unique and versatile QRS. Therefore, the main objective of the project is the proposal of an algorithm capable of segmenting the QRS in a short time and organized rhythm ECG, which has as an additional application the power to classify the rhythms PR (Pulse-generating rhythm) and PEA. To do this, we analyze the algorithm that has been developed and published for stable rhythms. It is also considered as the basis for the creation of the algorithm whose objective is the project. With the help of the graphical interfaces of MATLAB, the database and the algorithm of stable rhythms have been managed. With the reference segmentation marked in the database a statistical evaluation was carried out to obtain the most optimal algorithm possible. Likewise, the QRS metrics have been used for the classification capacity of PR and PEA. Analyzing the results of the function, it is concluded that it has good segmentation capabilities, but a poor capacity to classify. This occurs by the criteria used in reference QRS segmentation.","Mundu mailako heriotza arrazoi nagusia bat-bateko bihotz-heriotza (BBH) da eta ikerketetan oinarrituz, BBH jasateko probabilitatea handitu egingo da gaixotasun kardiakoen igoera globala emango delako. Bihotz geldialdi baten aurrean bizi irauteko probabilitatea baxua da, nahiz eta suspertze tekniketan aurrerapena egon. Gaur egun BBH ospitale kanpo izateko probabilitatea handia da, bizi irauteko aukera ospitale barruan gertatutako geldialdi batena baino txikiagoa izanik (<% 10). Ospitale kanpoko bihotz-biriketako geldialdietan (BBG) ezinbestekoa da antzemate goiztiarra izatea eta jarraitu beharreko protokoloaren etapa desberdinak ezagutzea. BBGtan oinarrizkoa da elektrokardiogramek (EKG) emandako informazioa klinikoa; beraz, EKGa automatikoki definitzeko metodo zehatzak eta sendoak garatzea garrantzitsua da hainbat aplikazioetarako: erritmo diagnosirako, pultsua detektatzeko, hemodinamikoki pazientea ezaugarritzeko, ... Horretarako, QRS uhinaren detekzioa beharrezkoa da bertan bihotz taupaden energia dagoelako; hala ere, esan beharra dago EKGtako uhinen hasiera eta bukaera kokatzeko araurik ez dagoela. Oso irregularrak eta aberranteak diren erritmo organizatuak ageri dira BBGan; batez ere, PEA (Pulseless electrical activity) deituriko erritmoak, QRS oso berezi eta aldakorrak dituztenak. Beraz, proiektuaren helburu nagusia denbora laburreko eta erritmo organizatuko EKGen QRSa segmentatzeko algoritmo egoki baten proposamena da, zeinak aplikazio gehigarri modura PR (Pulse-generating rhythm) eta PEA erritmoen sailkatzailea izatea den. Horretarako, erritmo egonkorrentzat garatu eta argitaratu den algoritmoa aztertuko da. Era berean, proiektuaren helburu den algoritmoa sortzeko oinarri bezala hartuko da. Prozesua gauzatzeko MATLABen interfaze grafikoen laguntzaz datu-basea eta erritmo egonkorrentzako algoritmoa kudeatu ahal izan dira. Datu-basean markatutako erreferentzia segmentazioarekin ebaluaketa estatistikoa egin da ahalik eta algoritmo optimoa lortzeko. Era berean, QRS metrikak erabili dira PR eta PEA sailkapena egiteko. Funtzioaren emaitzei erreparatuz segmentazio ahalmena ona daukala ikus daiteke baina sailkapena egiteko gaitasun txarra. Honako hau erreferentzia moduan erabilitako QRS segmentazio irizpideengatik gertatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26812,1995,"Starting from a reflection about juridical order principles and, specifically, about penal procedural Law, an analysis of foreigners situation, their problems and fundamental rights, is made. Likewise, their situation face the penal proceedings is explained.","Arauketa juridikoaren oinarriei buruzko gogoeta batetik abiatuz, eta Zuzenbide prozesal eta penalaren bereziki, atzerritarraren egoera, eta beren arazo eta oinarrizko eskubideei buruzko azterketa bat egiten da. Azkenik, atzerritarrek prozesu penalaren aurrean bizi izaten duten egoera azaldu egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26057,1990,"The author makes an analysis of the number ob women imprisonment, and the prisoners position in France. Finally discusses the future reforms in this matter they may accomplish.","Egileak emakumeen espetxeratze zifrak eta Frantziako barneratuen tratamendu baldintzak aztertzen ditu. Azkenik, arlo honetan martxan jarri beharrezko gerorako aldaketez dihardu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19721,2016-12-01,"In this project there are two different parts. On one side, the concept of a TC is explained and all the elements it contains are enlisted and explained. On the other side, two different TC design programs are studied, and their differences stated. First, the meaning and use of a TC is explained. Then, all the types of TC are enlisted, using different criteria. Afterwards, all the elements composing a TC are enlisted and studied. Secondly, with each of the previously mentioned programs two TC are designed to make a comparison. The cost and the project are compared. Finally, the catalogues of the companies are compared one with the other.","Proiektu honek bi zati ezberdin ditu. Alde batetik, TZ bat zer den eta barneko elementu guztiak zer diren azaltzeko da. Bestetik, bi enpresa ezberdinen software programak erabiltzen dira eta bien arteko ezberdintasunak azaldu. Lehenik eta behin, TZ bat zer den eta zertarako balio duen aurkezten da. Jarraian, TZ mota guztiak erakusten dira, hainbat kriterioen arabera. Ondoren, TZ bat osatzen duten elementu guztiak aztertzen dira. Segidan, lehen aipatutako programa bakoitzarekin bi TZ diseinatu dira eta bien arteko konparazioa egin. Kostu eta proiektuaren konparazio egin da eta, era berean, bi enpresen katalogoa aztertu eta konparatu egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19456,2016-10-28,"This paper has the aim of designing the necessary means and tools to carry out the simulation of the stamping for a part of the automotive industry. In fact, to make the entire piece, in addition to the stamping process, its characteristics (holes and cavities), makes necessary to take other actions such as punching and cutting. This actions are not taken into account because to successfully complete the process, the most critical operation is the stamping. To do this, starting from the corresponding IGES, various tests are carried out using simulation software of stamping processes.","Lan honen helburua beharrezko baliabide eta tresnak diseinatzea da, automobilgintza sektorearen pieza baten enbutizio simulazioa bat burutzeko. Izan ere, pieza osoa egiteko, enbutizio prozesua ez da nahikoa, bere ezaugarriak direla eta (zuloak eta barrunbeak), beharrezkoa da puntzonazio bat eta ebaketa egitea. Azken hauek, ez dira kontuan hartzen arrakastaz helburua lortzeko, operazio larriena embutizioa delako. Horretarako, piezaren IGES- arekin hasita, hainbat proba egiten dira enbutiziorako simulazio software batean ." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54087,2021-11-25,"Asperger's syndrome is included in the Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), and is characterized by the presence of difficulties in interacting and establishing social relationships, limited interests and stereotyped and inflexible behaviour patterns. This is why most children with this syndrome have problems making friends and integrating in the classroom with the rest of the students. Some time ago, teachers focused on children studying and passing subjects, and although with the passage of time more and more attempts are being made to promote integration and inclusion, it is difficult to find a complete intervention to carry out in the classroom. To achieve the integration of these children, it is necessary that they learn the socially established social rules, but this is not enough. It is also necessary to educate the rest of the students so that they learn to accept and normalize the differences of all people, and to teach them that the problem is not diversity, but intolerance and intransigence. This work explains the difficulties and needs of children with Asperger syndrome, what the school should do if there are suspicions that a student may have this syndrome and how these children can be helped. It also includes a proposal for intervention in the classroom that includes a didactic unit to be carried out with the students and a presentation for parents, with the intention of getting classmates of children with Asperger syndrome to normalize this syndrome, and thus promote inclusion and integration.","Aspergerren sindromea Espektro Autistaren Nahasteen (TEA) barruan kokatzen da, eta interakzionatzeko eta gizarte-harremanak ezartzeko zailtasunen, interes mugatuen eta jokabide-eredu estereotipatuen eta ez oso malguen presentziagatik bereizgarria da. Honengatik, sindrome hau duten haur gehienek arazoak dituzte lagunak egiteko eta gainerako ikasleekin ikasgelan integratzeko. Aspaldi, irakasleak haurrek ikasgaiak ikasi eta gainditzean zentratzen ziren, eta, denborak aurrera egin ahala integrazioa eta inklusioa gero eta gehiago sustatzen saiatu arren, gaur egun zaila da ikasgeletan aurrera eramateko eskuhartze oso bat aurkitzea. Haur hauen integrazioa lortzeko, ikasle hauek sozialki ezarritako gizarte-arauak ikastea beharrezkoa da, baina horrekin ez da nahikoa. Honez gain, gainerako ikasleak hezi behar dira, pertsona guztien ezberdintasunak onartzen eta normalizatzen ikas dezaten, eta irakatsi behar zaie arazoa ez dela aniztasuna, baizik eta intolerantzia eta intransigentzia. Lan honetan, Aspergerra duten haurren zailtasunak eta beharrak, haur batek sindrome hau izan dezakeela susmatuz gero eskolak egin beharrekoa eta haur hauek laguntzeko modua azalduta daude. Gainera, ikasgelan praktikan jartzeko esku-hartze baten proposamen oso bat dago, ikasleekin egiteko unitate didaktiko bat eta gurasoentzako aurkezpen bat dituena, Aspergerra duen haurraren ikaskideek sindrome hau normalizatzen lortzeko, eta horrela, inklusioa eta integrazioa sustatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73393,2025-05-07,"Children's and Young People's Literature is directly connected with children, because it collects all the production directed at kids. In fact, it is a tool that has a strong influence on children’s identity and their identity’s construction. Besides, we cannot leave aside morality and ideology, because Children's and Young People's Literature transmits values. Knowing this, I have chosen a known tale, Little Red Riding Hood, and I have analyzed different versions of this book. To study the book I focused on the history, the text, the characters and the illustrations, and then I made the conclusions. Thus, this work analyzes the differences between the traditional and the new versions of the book, the values that the tale transmits, and the paper that women have in those books. The main line of this research is the gender view; as a matter of fact, all the books we selected have been analyzed from a gender perspective. Furthermore, I created my own version of Little Red Riding Hood, including the main ideas of my research: sisterhood, empowerment, the destruction of gender roles, and the diversity of the characters, that is to say, diversity of roles and corporal diversity.","Haur eta Gazte Literaturak harreman zuzena du haurrarekin, haurra hartzaile gisa duten ekoizpen guztiak biltzen dituelako. Izan ere, haurren nortasunean eta identitatearen eraikuntzan eragin zuzena duen erreminta da. Horrez gain, morala eta ideologia ezin ditugu alde batera utzi, haur literaturak balioak transmititzen baititu. Hau honela, ipuin ezagun bat aukeratu dut, Txanogorritxo, eta Txanogorritxo ipuinaren bertsio ezberdinak aztertu ditut. Ipuinak aztertzeko istorioa, testua, pertsonaiak eta ilustrazioak kontuan hartu ditut eta horrekin emaitzak atera ditut. Beraz, egindako lan honetan, ipuin tradizionalen eta bertsio berrien arteko aldaketak, ipuinek transmititzen dituzten balioak eta baita emakumeak ipuin hauetan duten papera zein den ere ikusiko duzue. Egindako ikerketaren ildo nagusia genero ikuspegia izan da batik bat, izan ere, genero ikuspegi batetik aztertu ditugulako aukeratutako ipuin guztiak. Horrez gain, Txanogorritxo ipuinaren bertsio propioa sortu dut eta lan honen ideia gakoak sartu ditut bertan; ahizpatasuna, ahalduntzea, genero-rolen suntsiketa eta pertsonaietan aniztasuna, hots, rolen aniztasuna eta aniztasun korporala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14708,2015-03-04,"This Bachelor Thesis is part of a project developed by the CompMech research group. The project consists on the design and construction of a parallel kinematics mechanisms for dynamic testing. This Bachelor Thesis involves the required activities for the workspace analysis and selection of the most appropriate dimensions from a kinematic point of view. The process will start from considering three different mechanisms, from which later on one will be chosen to carry on with the design process. The first stage is the kinematic analysis of the considered mechanisms. The position and velocity problems will be solved, being this the required ones for the study of the workspace. The resolution of these problems will be coded on a Matlab program. Afterwards the workspace of the three mechanisms will be obtained, as well as the singularity positions in them and their variation when the dimensions are changed. It will also be of interest to identify the areas in the workspace in which moving the mechanism is easier. Once their workspaces are obtained and their variations when dimensions change evaluated, the most appropriate mechanism will be chosen, to carry on with the design process. The selection criteria will include considerations made by other group members.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau CompMech taldearen proiektu batearen parte bat da. Proiektuak zinematika paralelozko mekanismo bat diseinatzeko eta eraikitzeko zereginak biltzen ditu. GAL honetan, mekanismoaren lan eremua kontuan hartuz, mekanismoaren dimentsio onenak bilatuko dira. Hiru mekanismo desberdinak aztertuko dira, testa dinamikoak egiteko onena aukeratzeko eta mekanismo horrekin diseinu lanak amaitzeko. Lehengo lana zinematika ikastea da. Posizio eta abiadura problemak ebatziko dira, lan eremua aurkitzeko beharrezkoak direla eta. Matlab programa bat egingo da problema hauek ordenagailu bidez ebazteko.Hori egin ondoren hiru mekanismoen lan eremua aztertuko dira, posizio singularrak ere, haien aldaketak dimentsioak aldatzen ditugunean adeitasun handiz hartzen. Interesgarria izango da ere mekanismoa mugitzeko posizio errazagoak aurkitzea. Izandakoa egin eta gero, mekanismo egokiena aukeratuko da. Aukera egiteko kontuan hartuko dira taldeko beste kideen iritziak eta aholkuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19719,2016-12-01,"Validity and reliability of Allen’s test: a systematic review Background and objective: Allen’s test is a diagnostic test used to evaluate the collateral hand circulation and it is used as a test previous to an arterial puncture to prevent hand ischemia. Thus, arterial puncture is contraindicated when Allen’s test is abnormal. This work aims to evaluate the Allen’s test as a predictor of distal ischemia; to compare the Allen’s test with doppler ultrasound to check its validity as a predictor of collateral hand circulation and to examine its reliability. Methods: A PRISMA-based Systematic Review was performed. Three search protocols were developed to be used in 5 databases (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and EMBASE). Clinical trials and observational studies published until December 2015 were included. Results: The review was done from 8 diagnostic validity studies, 2 analytic studies and 2 descriptive studies with modest methodological quality. Based on the 3 studies that assess their ability to predict ischemia, not a statistical increase of hand ischemia in patients with abnormal Allen’s test was observed. 6 studies concluded that the Allen’s test had no adequate diagnostic validity; only in 2 it was considered an adequate primary test (with another objective test or considering a secondary diagnostic test). The only study found questions the reliability of Allen test. Conclusions: Allen’s test is not a good predictor of hand ischemia. The Allen’s test does not have an adequate diagnostic validity and should not be used in isolation to evaluate the collateral circulation of the hand. There is small evidence to assess the reliability but it rejects its use as a single test. Key Words [MeSH]: Hand, Collateral circulation, ultrasonography, doppler, reliability and validity.","Allen probaren baliozkotasuna eta fidagarritasuna: berrikuspen sistematikoa Sarrera eta helburua: Allen proba eskuko barne zirkulazioa ebaluatzeko proba diagnostikoa da zeina eskuaren iskemia ekiditeko erabiltzen den arteria puntzioa egin aurretik. Horrela, Allen-en proba egin ondoren lortzen diren balioak ezohizkoak baldin badira, arteriaren puntzioa alde batera utzi beharko litzateke. Berrikuspen sistematiko honek bi helburu nagusi ditu. Alde batetik, Allen proba eskuko iskemia aurreikusten duen edo ez frogatu nahi da kontrako eraginen intzidentziak aztertuz. Bestetik, Allen proba eskuko barne zirkulazioaren baliozkotasuna iragartzeko balio duen edo ez eta honek duen fidagarritasuna frogatu nahi da, horretarako, doppler ultrasoinu probarekin aldaratuz. Metodologia: PRISMA ezarpenetan oinarrituriko berrikuspen sistematikoa da. Bost datu-basetan (Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL eta EMBASE) erabili diren hiru bilaketa protokoloak zehazten dira, eta 2015ko abendua arte egindako hainbat saio kliniko eta behaketazko ikerketa erantzi zaizkio. Emaitzak: Berrikuspenerako, zortzi ikerketa diagnostiko-analitiko, bi ikerketa analitiko eta kalitate apaleko bi ikerketa deskriptibo erabili dira. Iskemia aurreikusteko aztertu ziren hiru artikuluetan ez zen estatistikoki eskuko iskemiaren handitze bat ikusi, hauetan, Allen proba anormala izanik. Bigarren helburuko sei ikerketek Allen probaren baliostasunaren egokitasuna zalantzan jarri zuten. Gainontzeko bi ikerketek, lehenengo aukeratzat har zitekeen proba zela aldarrikatu zuten. Ikerketa bakarra Allen probaren fidagarritasuna zalantzan jarri zuen. Ondorioak: Allen proba ez da egokia eskuko iskemia iragartzeko. Allen probak, ez dauka diagnostikoa egiteko baliotasun egokirik. Honen erabilera alde batera utzi beharko litzake, beste proba baten beharra ikusten delarik. Azkenik, proba honen fidagarritasuna ebaluatzeko ikerketa gutxi dago baina honek Allen proba bakarrik erabiltzea ukatzen du. Hitz-gakoak: Eskua, barne zirkulazioa, Doppler, fidagarritasuna eta baliozkotasuna." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28328,2014,"The aim of this paper is to discuss sexual inequalities in the European Upper Paleolithic. This study, carried out from a processual and materialist perspective, is based on data concerning burial practices and bioarchaeological indicators, which are first compiled and then compared. Results show that, despite the fact that the number of buried men is higher than that of women, no significant differences between both sexes are found in aspects like grave goods, ritual or bioarchaeological indicators such as pathologies. The conclusions are framed within a general discussion on the way our knowledge of Prehistory has been constructed and the way it has developed.","Europako Goi Paleolitoarekin erlazionatutako hezur arrastoen bilketa eta analisia eskaintzen da. Lanak, bilduma bibliografikoa, informazioaren antolakuntzarako taulen lanketa eta hauen konparaketaren eta interpretazioaren pausuak jarraitzen dira. Honen helburua, sexu eta adinaren araberako datuen egiaztatzea da, eta Europako Goi Paleolitoan disimetria sexualaren existentzia dagoen ala ez baieztatzen dituzten argumentu enpirikoak eskaintzea. Honetaz gain, epe honen inguruan daukagun ikuspuntua zuzena den ala ez, eta zertan oinarritzen den ere aztertuko dugu. Analisia, ikuspuntu prozesualistatik eta materialistatik abiatzen dena, gizonen lurperaketa gehiago daudela erakusten digu emakumeekin alderatuz gero, hala ere ez daude desberdintasun nabarmenak hatu, patologia edo okrearen presentziari dagokionez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25132,2003,"The increasing woory about the environment has lead to articulate different instruments of response against possible aggressions. Starting from the penal reaction system of the States against those conflicts with the environment, the principles that govern their use in suprastate crimes are examined. Also the international situation in the matter is analyzed briefly emphasizing the difficulties of application of the international environment Law.","Ingurugiroarekiko sortu den kezkak, horri aurre egiteko tresnak aurkitu behar direla ikusi arazi du. Estatuak arazo hauei aurre egiteko dituzten medioak kontutan harturik, lege hauste supraestatal hauek babesteko dauden irizpideak aztertzen dira. Horretaz gain, nazioarteko egoera aztertzen da, ingurugiroko nazioarteko zuzenbidea aplikatzeak dituen zailtasunak adieraziz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14047,2015-01-19,"The main objective searched by this work is to study till which point the children in Primary Education have embraced the gender roles and stereotypes that our society transmits. In order to that and taking into account ideas from various authors, we have studied different ranges of the society where gender roles and stereotypes are transmitted and we have also carried out a diagnosis in a Primary Education classroom, using the participative investigation as method. Basing ourselves in the results obtained by the intervention and answering the questions that were set out in the beginning we have taken conclusions; thinking that this work can be helpful in the way to coeducation and equality.","Lan honekin bilatu nahi izan dugun helburu nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako umeek gizarteak transmititzen dituen genero rol eta estereotipoak zenbateraino barneratuta dituzten aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, hainbat adituren hitzak kontuan hartuz, gizartean genero rol eta estereotipoak transmititzen dituzten esparru ezberdinak behatu eta errealitatearen diagnostiko txiki bat egin dugu Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean ikerketa parte-hartzailea metodotzat hartuta. Ikasgelako esku-hartzean lorturako emaitzetan oinarrituta eta hasieran planteatutako galderei erantzuna emanez ondorioak atera ditugu; lan hau, aurrera begira, oinarri gisa, lagungarria izango delakoan hezkuntza hezkidetzailea eta parekidetasuna lortzera bidean. EUSKARA." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47711,2020-11-04,"This project consists of the designof a 132/30 kV transformer substation, mainly considering its electrical characteristics. The substation is designed for distribution applications and will be developed in accordance with the regulations stipulated for this type of facility in Spain. Thesubstation has two input power lines of 132 kV and eight output power lines of 30 kV, and the type of configuration is selected to ensure conditions of adequate safety and reliability. In addition, the main necessary equipment is selected, and its way of working and the characteristics of the specific model are explained. Beyond the main equipment, all the other equipment or systems that are necessary to provide proper performance for the substation are taken into account.The issue of safety is not neglected, making different calculations to provide a suitable base for the design of the substation grounding and for the sizing of the equipment. Additionally, protection functions are selected in order to protect both the substation and the distribution network.Finally, like any project, it has planning, economical and legal considerations that, although not very deeply, will be studied.","Proiektu hau 132/30 kV transformazio azpiestazio baten diseinuan datza, bere ezaugarri elektrikoak kontuan hartuta. Banaketa-aplikazioetarako diseinatutako azpiestazio bat da, Espainian mota horretako instalazioetarako ezarritako araudiaren arabera garatuko dena.Azpiestazioak 132 kV-ko bi sarrera-lerroak eta 30 kV-ko zortzi irteera-lerroak izan behar ditu, konfigurazio egokiena hautatuz segurtasun eta fidagarritasun baldintza egokiak bermatzeko. Gainera, parte hartzen duen ekipo nagusia hautatzen da, bere funtzionamendua eta eredu zehatzaren ezaugarriak azalduz. Jakina, ekipamendu nagusiaz gain, azpiestazioaren funtzionamendu egokia lortzeko beharrezkoak diren ekipo edo sistema guztiak ere kontuan hartzen dira.Segurtasuna kontuan hartu da, lurraren sarearen diseinua eta ekipoen dimentsionamendua oinarritzat hartzen diren kalkuluak egiteko. Gainera, babes-funtzio egokiak hautatzen dira, azpiestazioa eta honekin lotzen diren banaketa-sarearen lerroak babesteko.Azkenean, edozein proiektu bezala, plangintza, ekonomia eta legezko gogoetak ditu, oso sakonak ez diren arren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17617,2016-03-15,"The situation of girls with high intellectual capacities is very special. Few are identified with high capacities due among other things to certain characteristics and behaviours they manifest, the education they receive and the society around them. Therefore, the work of teachers in this field is very important. For that reason, the objective of this project has been to create educational proposals that will help teachers and families. On the one hand, it has been created a video explaining the characteristics of these girls and some procedures to help them, on the other hand, it has been proposed an observation tool in order to identify and help these children.","Adimen gaitasun handiko nesken egoera oso berezia da. Adimen gaitasun handi gisa, oso neska gutxi daude identifikatuta. Horren arrazoia, besteak beste nesken ezaugarriak, portaerak, jasotzen duten hezkuntza eta inguratzen dituen gizartea dira. Hori dela eta, irakasleen lana arlo honetan oso garrantzitsua da. Horrexegatik, lan honen helburua, irakasleei eta familiei laguntzeko ekarpen didaktikoak sortzea izan da. Alde batetik, neska hauen ezaugarriak eta hauei laguntzeko zenbait prozedura azaltzen dituen bideoa sortu da, bestetik, neska hauek identifikatzeko eta laguntzeko behaketa-tresna proposatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34843,2019-07-26,"This End of Master Project carries out the preliminary analysis and dimensioning of a cogeneration system in an integral paper factory to improve the energy consumption, the exploitation results and to reduce the environmental impact. The option of using as energy source the residual pruning and deriding biomass together with the black liquor resulting from the manufacturing process and the type of boiler to be used is being explored. Alternatively, it is considered the option of natural gas as fuel, either by internal combustion engine or by gas turbine. In both cases, the characteristics of the energy sources, the thermal cycles, the equipment to be implanted and the emissions of smoke generated are analysed. Likewise, it examines the different regulations affecting cogeneration and the type of installation to be implemented, as well as the possible renewable energy alternatives that could be usable in case. Finally, improvements are proposed for this type of facilities.","Master amaierako lan honetan paper-kogenerazio lantegi integrala aurrez analizatu eta dimentsionatuko dut, hiru ataletan hobetzeko asmoz: energia kontsumoa, ustiapen emaitzak eta ingurumen inpaktua. Bertan ere aztertuko dut erregai bezala hondar-biomasa erabiltzea (bai kimaketatik bai zuriketatik baita fabrikazio-prozesutik darion lixiba beltzetik datorrena) zein horretarako erabiliko dugun galdara. Aldi berean aztertzen dut gas naturala ordezko erregai bezala erabiltzea, barne-errekuntzako motorraren bidez edo gas-turbinaren bidez. Kasu bietan aztertuko ditut erregaien ezaugarriak, bero-zikloak, beharrezko ekipamendua eta ke-emisioak. Aldi berean, kogenerazioari eta dagokion instalazioari nola eragiten dioten araudiak aztertuko ditut, eta balizko ordezko energia berriztagarriak. Azkenik, instalazio horiek hobetzeko proposamenak egingo ditut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52833,2021-06-29,"INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of diffuse gastric carcinoma (DGC) has progressively increased to equal the incidence of the intestinal type. This tumor poses clinical and therapeutic problems since it does not respond well to the treatments used so far. The extension of the surgery adjusted to the proteomic and genomic molecular subtypes can improve the prognosis of these patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two descriptive and analytical retrospective studies with survival analysis was carried out on a population of 1052 cases of gastric cancer diagnosed at the Cruces University Hospital between 2005-2014. In addition, a proteomic study by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry of the surgical specimens from 3 cases of DGC and a systematized analysis of the data was obtained. On the other hand, the safety of “95% gastrectomy” technical innovation in the treatment of gastric cancer has been assessed. RESULTS: DGC is more common in women and young people. It is diagnosed in advanced stages and the significant rate of lymph node involvement and the tendency to present peritoneal dissemination stand out. Less than a third of patients survive to 5 years. The spread of the disease and the type of surgical and adjuvant treatment received are factors that have been directly related to overall survival. In the proteomic study, 2,197 proteins were quantified, of the 12,551 gene products found; 75 of them showed significant differences. 45 were up-regulated in tumor tissue and 30 were up-regulated in healthy tissue. A large percentage of the proteins detected belong to the extracellular matrix, which reflects the importance of the proteome on the tumor microenvironment. The molecular functions of the identified proteins, participate in the mesenchymal epithelial transition (TEM), in the cell cycle, and in DNA replication. Comparison of the proteomic profiles of each case analyzed with the previously described DGC proteome map has made it possible to identify the molecular subtype of each of the cases, confirming its coincidence with the clinical picture. DISCUSSION: Recent progress in the description of the GC genome and proteome has resulted in new molecular classifications that must begin to be applied for clinical purposes. Currently, it is feasible to apply the proteomic methodology on tumor samples obtained in the operating room and preserved in tumor banks, with the aim of obtaining a molecular classification of DGC, which helps to make diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. To guide local resections by better definition of the surgical margins; to orient the most appropriate lymphadenectomy; predicting and choosing the best treatment for peritoneal dissemination and assessing the best specific therapeutic targets are some of the consequences of applying this methodology for the oncological treatment of DGC. CONCLUSIONS: The proteomic molecular classification integrated with the clinical pathological data helps to guide the surgery and the adjuvant treatment of CGD, in the context of precision surgery.","SARRERA: Urdaileko minbizia difusoaren (UMD) prebalentziak gora egin du pixkanaka, heste-motarekin berdindu arte. Arazo kliniko eta terapeutiko handiak sortzen ditu, orain arte erabilitako tratamenduei ez baitie ondo erantzuten. Kirurgiaren hedadura, azpimota molekular proteomiko eta genomikoen arabera doitzeak paziente horien pronostikoa ho- betu dezake. MATERIALA ETA METODOAK: Biziraupen-analisia duten atzera begirako bi azterlan deskribatzaile eta analitiko egin dira Gurutzetako Unibertsitate Ospitalean, 2005- 2014 artean diagnostikatutako 1052 urdaileko minbizi kasuren inguruan. Gainera, UMDaren 3 kasuren pieza kirurgikoen kromatografia likido eta masa-espektrometria bidezko azter- keta proteomikoa eta lortutako datuen analisi sistematizatua egin dira. Bestalde, minbizi gastrikoaren tratamenduan ¿% 95eko gastrektomia¿ berrikuntza teknikoaren segurtasuna baloratu da. EMAITZAK: UMDak proportzio handiagoan eragiten die emakumeei eta gaz- teei. Fase aurreratuetan diagnostikatzen da, eta nabarmentzekoak dira erasan gangliona- rraren tasa altua eta peritoneo-bideko barreiadura izateko joera. Pazienteen herenak bai- no gutxiagok irauten du 5 urte bizirik. Gaixotasunaren barreiatzea eta jasotako tratamendu kirurgiko eta kimioterapiko mota dira biziraupen orokorrarekin zuzenean erlazionatu diren faktoreak. Ikerketa proteomikoan, aurkitutako 12.551 produktu genikoetatik 2.197 proteina kuantifikatu dira; horietatik 75 nabarmendu dira, 45 tumore-ehunean, eta 30 ehun osasunt- suan. Detektatutako proteinen ehuneko handi bat zelulaz kanpoko matrizeari dagokio, eta horrek mikroingurune tumoralaren gaineko proteomaren garrantzia islatzen du. Identifika- tutako proteinen funtzio molekularrak, epitelio mesenkima trantsizioan, ziklo zelularrean eta DNAren erreplikazioan parte hartzea dira. Aztertutako kasu bakoitzaren profil pro- teomikoak aurrez deskribatutako UMDaren proteomaren maparekin konparatuta, kasu bakoitzaren azpimota molekularra identifikatu ahal izan da eta klinikarekin bat datorrela egiaztatu. EZTABAIDA: Urdaileko minbiziaren genoma eta proteomaren deskribapenean egin berri diren aurrerapenek helburu klinikoekin aplikatzen hasi behar direnak sailkapen molekular berriak ekarri dituzte. Gaur egun, posible da metodologia proteomikoa aplikat- zea ebakuntza-gelan lortutako eta tumore-bankuetan gordetako tumore-laginen gainean, UMDaren sailkapen molekularra lortu eta bai diagnostiko zein tratamenduari buruzko era- bakiak hartzen laguntzeko. Kirurgia-marjinak hobeto definituz erauzketa lokala gidatzea; linfadenektomia egokiena orientatzea; peritoneo-barreiatzea iragarri eta tratamendu- rik onena aukeratzea; eta diana terapeutiko espezifiko onenak baloratzea dira, besteak beste, metodologia hori UMDaren tratamendu onkologikorako aplikatzearen abantailak. ONDORIOAK: Datu kliniko patologikoekin integratutako sailkapen molekular proteomi- koa lagungarria da UMDaren kirurgia eta tratamendu gehigarria gidatzeko, doitasunezko kirurgiaren testuinguruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26989,1996,"A reflection about the possible existence of Free Will and Liberty and Liberties is carried out. In order to do it, several philosophical standpoints that treated these controversy throughout the history are analysed pointing out at the different responses they gave in this respect.","Apeta askea, Askatasuna eta Askatasunen izate posileari buruzko gogoeta bat egiten da. Horretarako, historian zehar aipatutako eztabaida aztertu duten ikusmolde filosofijo ezberdinak ikertu egiten dira, gai honetaz emandako erantzun desberdinak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55033,2022-01-18,"This research analyzes the interaction between participation and public space, always starting from inclusive participation and analyzing its benefits in people's quality of life. In this case, it is a study carried out in Abadiño in which 107 people of legal age have participated. Although the terms participation, inclusion, quality of life, accessibility and suitability of public spaces are increasingly used terms, research has shown that there is still a long way to go.","Ikerketa honek partaidetza eta espazio publikoaren elkarreragina aztertzen du, beti ere partaidetza inklusibotik abiatuz eta pertsonen bizi kalitatean dituen onurak aztertuz. Kasu honetan Abadiñon eginiko ikerketa izango da, zehazki, adin nagusikoak diren 107 abadiñarrek parte-hartu dute. Partaidetza, inklusioa, bizi kalitatea zein espazio publikoen irisgarritasuna eta egokitasuna gero eta gehiago erabiltzen diren terminoak izan arren, ikerketak jorratzeko bide luzea gelditzen dela erakutsi du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20103,2017-01-09,"In the current educational system, the importance of developing creativity is evident. Therefore, the teacher must ensure that students develop this aspect. In this way, the use of creativity is essential to the integral development of the student. They have to be able to deal with the problems that will emerge in the society of the future. For this reason, in the educational system is necessary to determine the methodology that develops the creativity, this paper is designed to help achieve this goal. For this reason, we will determine the appropriate methodology to develop creativity in the field of Art Education, as the two main models are crafts and projects, we will make the comparison between them. So, to know the advantages and disadvantages of each methodology, a research will be developed about these two models.","Egungo Hezkuntza Sisteman, sormena garatzearen garrantzia nabarmena da, beraz, irakasleak ikasleek alderdi hori gara dezaten ziurtatu behar du. Horrela, ikasleen garapen osoa lortzeko sormenaren erabilpena ezinbestekoa da. Haiek etorkizuneko gizartearen arazo berriei aurre egiteko prest egon behar dira, ager daitezken arazoei modu desberdinetan aurre egiteko gai izanda. Ondorioz, Hezkuntza Sisteman sormena benetan garatzen den metodologia zehaztea nahitaezkoa da, helburu hori lortzen laguntzeko lan hau aurrera eramaten da. Horretarako, Arte Hezkuntzaren arloan sormena garatzeko metodologiarik aproposena xedatuko dugu, bi eredu nagusiak, eskulanak eta proiektuak direnez, horien arteko alderaketa egingo dugu. Hortaz, metodologia bakoitzaren abantailak eta desabantailak jakiteko, horiei buruzko ikerketa aurrera eramango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29497,2018-10-31,"This work studies and implements a system of detection and facial recognition that works with static images introduced in a database. The databases used are freely available databases to the scientific community. Firstly, a study is made of various techniques used to date reflected in the sections on the state of the art and analysis of alternatives. After this study, one of these techniques will be selected to be implemented in the C ++ language in order to design a project capable of identifying different subjects registered in a database. In this case, the Eigenfaces method will be implemented, which is a method based on the Principal Component Analysis principle of I. T. Jolliffe.","Lan honek datu base batean sartutako irudi finkoekin lan egiten duen detektatzeko eta aurpegiko aintzatespen sistema bat ikertu eta inplementatzen du. Erabilitako datu baseak komunitate zientifikorako datu-baseak dira libreki. Lehenik eta behin, artearen egoerari buruzko ataletan islatutako egungo erabilerarako hainbat teknika eta alternatiben analisia egiten dira. Ikasketa honen ondoren, teknika horietako bat hautatuko da C ++ hizkuntzan garatzeko, datu-base batean erregistratutako gai desberdinak identifikatzeko proiektu bat diseinatzeko. Kasu honetan, Eigenfaces metodoa ezarriko da, hau da I. TJ Jolliffe osagai nagusien analisiaren oinarrian oinarritutako metodoa" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31745,2019-02-28,"The aim of this study has been to create a didactic guide, formed by some theoretical-practical reports, about farmhouses for teachers of the 6th grade of the 3rd cycle of Primary Education. For that, bibliography about farmhouses has been examined to form a draft of the contribution. With the draft 5 schools from Laudio have been approached, discussing the proposal with the teachers and observing the aspects in common of it; not only with what they work on but also with the textbooks. With that the process of creating the final reports for the teacher’s guide has started. All this has led to work on the farmhouse in a way previously unknown, following two main guidelines. The first, a report to learn about the architecture of the farmhouses in Aiaraldea. The second, and focusing on the tasks earlier fulfilled, some didactic reports provided with a theoretical basis as well as exercises; in order to comprehend from a close reality the lifestyle of the farmhouse and, using complementary activities, to be aware of the social perspective.","Lan honen helburua Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. zikloko 6. mailako irakasleentzako baserrien inguruko gida didaktiko bat osatzea izan da, zenbait txosten teoriko-praktikoz osatua. Horretarako, baserrien inguruko bibliografia aztertu da ekarpenaren zirriborroa osatzeko. Azken honekin Laudioko 5 ikastetxeetara hurbildu eta bertan irakasleekin proposamenaren inguruko hartu-emanak izan eta lantzen dutenaren zein testu-liburuen puntu komunak behatu dira. Hori horrela, irakasle gidako txosten definitiboak sortzeko prozesua abiatu da, zeinetan aurretiaz baserria landu ez den modu batean ezagutzea den emaitza bi gida-lerro nagusi jarraituz. Lehena, Aiaraldeako baserriak arkitektonikoki ezagutzeko txostena. Bigarrena, bertan eman diren lanetan zentratuz, oinarri teorikoaz zein ariketaz osatutako txosten didaktikoak gertuko errealitatetik baserriko bizimodu tradizionala ulertzeko eta jarduera osagarriekin batera ikuspegi soziala ezagutzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15765,2014-06,"In the document is developed the evolution of the various concepts employed to name the violence against women from a broad perspective on the many forms of violence that affects them. It delves into the levels of causality of the phenomenon of violence, from the structural to the interpersonal level and, within these, from the most recognizable forms of violence to more subtle or micromaleness. Since a differential approach the specific vulnerability of some groups of women such as those with different functional capacity, immigrants, living in rural areas, old and young is analyzed. Likewise, the sons and daughters of battered women. Current data of violence against women in regional anl local levels, Europe, Spain, Basque Country and Vitoria-Gasteiz are provided, as well as the rules and resources for the protection and prevention.","Dokumentuan emankumeengaako indarkeria izendatzeko kontzeptu bilakaera garatzen da, eragiten dien indarkeria anitza ikuspegi zabal batetik. Indarkeria fenomenoaren kausalitate mailaketan sakontzen da, egiturazko mailetatik pertsonen arteko mailetara eta, horien barruan, gehien antzematen den indarkeriatik mikromatxismo edo sotilagoak diren eratara. Ikuspegi diferentzialtik emakume talde batzuen ahulezia kontuan hartzen da, besteak beste, ahalmen funtzional desberdinak dituztenak, etorkinak, landa eremukoak, zahar eta gazteak. Era berean, tratu txarrak jasan duten emakumeen seme-alaben egoera. Emakumeenganako indarkeriari buruzko datuak egundo datuak eskeintzen dira Europarko eta tokiko eskualde mailan, Espainia, Euskal Herria eta Vitoria-Gasteiz, baita babesteko eta prebenitzeko arauak eta baliabideak hurrenez hurren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51030,2021-04-16,"Nowadays the society tends to give too much importance to the logical-mathematical intelligence while they put aside other intelligences such as the bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, which is normally developed in Physical Education. The aim of this project is to make people understand that it is possible to work on Physical Education and mathematics both at the same time. This is going to be supported by scientific researches that approves the improvement of those fields when we work in both of them together (interdisciplinary). In this bibliographic review are going to be explained concepts related to this and the advantages of the interdisciplinary and the activities to take benefits of them. KEY WORDS: interdisciplinary, mathematics, Physical Education, Primary Education.","Gaur egungo gizarteak adimen logiko-matematikoari ematen dio garrantzi handia, beste adimen batzuk baztertzen dituen bitartean. Hauen artean adimen kinestesikoa aurkitu dezakegu, Gorputz Hezkuntzaren bitartez landu ohi dena. Lan honen helburua, matematikaren eta Gorputz Hezkuntzaren arteko batura posiblea dela ikustaraztea da, osagarri direla baieztatzen duten ikerketetaz baliatuta. Berrikuspen bibliografiko honetan diziplinartekotasunean eragina duten kontzeptuak azalduko dira baita honen onurak eta hauek aprobetxatzeko jarduerak ere. HITZ GAKOAK: diziplinartekotasuna, matematika, Gorputz Hezkuntza, Lehen Hezkuntza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73470,2025-05-08,"The aim of this research has been to deepen our knowledge of the emotions generated through the practice of different types of motor games, putting some of them into practice. More specifically, the aim was to find out to what extent both the type of relationships that can be found in the games and the time influence the emotions of pupils in the third cycle of primary education. The participants were 51 fifth and sixth year pupils, aged between 10-12 years. The Gil-Madrona and Martínez (2016) questionnaire on socio-emotional perceptions was used as a research tool. The results indicate that, taking into account the types of relationship, pupils feel emotions in cooperative games in the most positive way and in cooperation-opposition games in the most negative way. Taking time into account, it can be seen that in emotions, cyclical games reach much higher positive values than linear games. Finally, analysing the emotions related to motivation, the cooperative games are the ones that promote it the most and the same happens with the linear games compared to the cyclical ones.","Ikerketa honen helburua hainbat motatako joko-jolas motorrek sortutako emozioen ezagutzan sakontzea izan da, joko-jolas desberdinak praktikan jarriz. Zehazkiago, joko-jolasetan aurki daitezkeen harreman motek zein denborak Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleen emozioetan zein neurritan eragiten duten jakin nahi izan da. Parte-hartzaileak bosgarren eta seigarren mailako 51 ikasle izan dira, 10-12 urte bitartekoak. Ikerketako tresna gisa Gil-Madrona eta Martínezen (2016) pertzepzio sozio-emozionalei buruzko galdetegia erabili da. Emaitzek adierazten dute, harreman motak kontuan izanik, ikasleek lankidetzako joko-jolasetan sentitzen dituztela emozioak modu positiboenean eta lankidetza-aurkaritzakoetan modu negatiboenean. Denborari helduz, ikus daiteke emozioetan jolas ziklikoek joko linealek baino askoz ere balio positibo altuagoak lortzen dituztela. Azkenik, motibazioarekin lotutako emozioak aztertuz, lankidetzako joko-jolasak dira hauek gehien sustatzen dituztenak eta berdina gertatzen da joko linealekin jolas ziklikoekin alderatuz gero." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14090,2015-01-19,"The development of scientific competence in primary school is still a controversial issue that is not very studied. Finding the way to introduce our students in the scientific culture and, helping them to develop the reasoning competence to talk about science is quite uncommon in our schools. This innovative intervention has been designed to face this situation and give a possible solution to this trouble. Through this intervention we try to promote the students’ interest in science in primary education, giving priority to the data usage and argumentation in science class. The activity has been put into practice during March in the 2013/2014.","Gaur egun, konpetentzia zientifikoen garapena Lehen Hezkuntzako eskolan gutxi garatuta eta eztabaidagarria den gaia da. Ikasleek kultura zientifikoan murgiltzeko forma aurkitu eta, bereziki, argumentazio gaitasuna garatzen laguntzea, zientziak hitz egiteko aukerak emanez, ez da batere arrunta gure eskoletan. Esku-hartze berritzaile hau egoera honi aurre egiteko eta arazoari irtenbide bat bilatzeko diseinatuta izan da. Honen bidez, Lehen Hezkuntzan zientzienganako interesa sustatzen saiatzen da, zientziako klaseetan datuen erabilerari eta argumentazioari lehentasuna emanez. Ekimena 2013-2014ko martxoan jarri da martxan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20350,2017-01-17,"This work aims to become acquainted with the evolution and current situation of the European Social Model (ESM) in the main European countries after the crisis. It focuses on understanding how the concept of Welfare State has changed both in time and in space as the problems and needs of current societies evolved, attempting to discover whether or not this evolution occurred in a different way in each of the European countries and mainly after the crisis. In order to achieve that, it starts by researching the ESM concept and the different points of view that the experts have on the subject, thus determining the existence of different welfare models within the scope of the European Union (EU). Then, the origin and evolution of the crisis in the EU are researched, by analyzing the different macroeconomic characteristics and the political decisions that might have affected each European country. At last, the purpose is to find out about the situations of the Welfare States in each European social model through the analysis of the working market, the inequality and the poverty, therefore seeing the impact that the social and economic crisis has had on the welfare of the European countries, and seeking to detect the possible differences between them. INGLÉS","Lan honen helburua gaur egungo Europako Eredu Sozialaren (EES) bilakaera eta egoera aztertzea da, herrialde europar nagusietan krisialdia igaro eta gero. Arreta jartzen du Ongizatearen Estatuaren kontzeptua denboran eta espazioan nola aldatu den ulertzen gizartearen beharrak eta arazoak aldatzen joan diren heinean, bilakaera horiek Europako herrialde bakoitzean eta krisiaren ondoren era ezberdinean jazo diren jakiteko asmoz. Horretarako, lehen pausua da EES kontzeptua eta termino horren inguruan adituek dituzten ikuspuntu ezberdinak ikertzea, Europar Batasun (EB) barruan existitzen diren ongizate eredu desberdinak zehazteko. Ondoren, krisiaren jatorriaz eta bilakaeraz ikertzen da EB barruan, hainbat ezaugarri makroekonomiko eta herrialde europar bakoitzean eragina izan zezaketen erabaki politikoak aztertuz. Azkenik, merkatu laboralaren, ezberdintasunaren eta txirotasunaren analisiaren bitartez, eredu sozial europar bakoitzaren Ongizate-Estatuaren egoera arakatu nahi da, krisi ekonomiko eta sozialak Europako herrialdeetako ongizatean izan duen efektua ikusteko, eta horien arteko diferentzia posibleak detektatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24263,2017-09,"The department of Mechanical Engineering at the Faculty of Engineering of the University of the Basque Country is involved in a line of research focused on compliant robots. The aim of this project is to plan the path of the claw of a compliant robot in order to reduce the mechanical vibrations. To this end, a program has been developed in which, through Fourier series and certain imposed conditions, the trajectory and the velocity, acceleration and jerk profiles are obtained, to be later implemented in the robot. Finally, the advantages of the proposed solution compared to other possible solutions have been analyzed.","Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko sailak ikerkuntza lerro bat du errobot malguei buruz. Proiektu honen helburua errobot horien erpearen ibilbidea planifikatzea da, sortzen diren bibrazio mekanikoak minimoak izan daitezen. Horretarako programa bat garatu da, zeinetan Fourier serieen bidez eta baldintza batzuk ezarriz, errobotan inplementatu beharreko ibilbidea eta abiadura, azelerazio eta gainazelerazio profilak lortzen diren. Bukatzeko, proposatutako soluzioaren abantailak aztertu dira beste soluzio posibleen aurrean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73256,2025-05-07,"The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to analyze the knowledge of an Early Childhood Education classroom regarding the digestive system. In this study we have made use of modeling, a scientific practice that aims to help students to build their scientific models. Three pedagogical tools were used to obtain data: drawings to learn about previous ideas and final results, the model and dramatization. Finally, the data obtained have shown that, by working on this topic using the appropriate pedagogical tools, positive results are achieved and the students acquire extensive knowledge of the digestive system.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Haur Hezkuntzako gela batek digestio-sistemari buruz duen ezagutza aztertzea da. Ikerketa honetan modelizazioa erabili da, ikasleei beren eredu zientifikoak eraikitzen laguntzea helburu duen praktika zientifikoa. Datuak lortzeko hiru tresna pedagogiko erabili dira: aurre-ideiak eta azken emaitzak ezagutzeko marrazkiak, maketa eta dramatizazioa. Azkenik, lortutako datuek erakutsi dute, gai hau tresna pedagogiko egokien bidez landuz, emaitza positiboak lortzen direla eta ikasleek digestio-sistemari buruzko ezagutza zabalak lortzen dituztela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17649,2016-03-16,"In today’s society, the low levels of emotional competence have left uncovered the “emotional illiteracy” (Goleman, 1996). That is the reason why there is a need to work on the emotional intelligence, both in the family and in the educational field. Therefore, this assignment is based on fostering the social skills through the cooperation among the children between the ages of 7 and 11; in fact, at this stage human being’s social life reaches its maximum intensity. To get this purpose, it is proposed a syllabus to be carried on Pagasarribide school in Bilbao (5th year of Primary Education). Hence, taking into account the results obtained in two of the proposed activities, it can be said that, thanks to them, children’s social skills have been improved and they will be more emotionally intelligent once they have completed the whole syllabus.","Egungo gizartean, konpetentzia emozional maila baxuak “analfabetismo emozionala” jarri du agerian (Goleman, 1996). Arrazoi honengatik, adimen emozionala jorratu beharra dago, bai familia eta baita hezkuntza arloan ere. Hau guztiagatik, ikerketa honen xede nagusia, 7-11 urte tarteko umeen trebetasun sozialak kooperazioaren bitartez sustatzea da; izan ere, garai horretan, gizabanakoaren bizitza soziala goreneko intentsitatera heltzen da. Honetarako, Bilboko Pagasarribide ikastetxean (Lehen Hezkuntzako 5.maila) jorratzeko unitate didaktikoa aurkezten da. Beraz, bertako bi jardueratan lortutako emaitzak kontuan hartuz, baieztatu ahal da, honi esker, ikasleen trebetasun sozialak garatu direla eta emozionalki adimentsuagoak izatea lortuko dutela unitate didaktiko hau bere osotasunean jorratu ondoren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20085,2017-01-09,"Through this research I have tried to analyze the impact of socio-educational roles of Cultural Associations in their own communities. In particular, we would like to inquire into the perception of San Miguel's community about the social-educational roles of Mikelats Cultural Association. It is known that Cultural Associations have an important purpose promoting local heritage, transmitting values, developing people's identity, promoting participation and increasing the quality of life. In order to carry out this descriptive research, that was based on a quantitative method, I designed a survey and handed out in the neighborhood of San Miguel. The results show that the community is able to identify and value favorably the functions of the association. This study also serves to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the association, making possible the design of a new educational proposal.","Lan honen bitartez, Elkarte Kulturalek komunitateetan duten eragina aztertu nahi izan da, San Migueleko komunitateak Mikelats Kultur Elkartearen funtzio soziohezitzaileei buruz duen hautematea ezagutzeko. Elkarte Kulturalek funtsezko papera dute herrien ondarearen sustapenean, baloreen transmisioan, herriaren identitate garapenean, parte hartzean eta bizi kalitatean. Ikerketa deskriptibo honetan jaso diren datu kuantitatiboak San Migueleko auzoan pasatu den inkestak jaso ditu, non auzokideek elkartearen funtzioak identifikatzen eta positiboki baloratzen dituzten. Gainera, emaitzetatik elkartearen indarrak eta ahuleziak detektatuz, proposamen bat garatzeko aukera ere eman du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18990,2016-09-27,"This work is related to the practical training done with the Municipal police of San Sebastian (Basque Country) .Its objective is to analyze protection orders granted to victims of gender violence to see if there is any difference in its implementation regards national and immigrant women. It seeks to analyze the proceedings conducted by the local police and the social services in these cases, as well as the profile of victims and aggressors. Moreover, it aims to analyze some critical aspects of the Spanish Organic Law 1/2004 of Integrated Protection Measures of Gender Violence. To develop this study, a mixed methodology was applied. First, from a qualitative perspective four interviews were clear to delve further on this issue. Second, from quantitative perspective, database of the Municipal police on gender violence was done, for an exploration of the statistical analysis. Final conclusions are accompanied by 5 proposals of improvements for future researches and for a better operability of the municipal police in this area of work.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Donostiako Udaltzaingoan egindako praktikekin erlazionatuta dago eta bortizkeria-biktimei, etorkin zein nazionalei, emandako babes aginduak analizatzea du helburu, bere aplikazioari dagokionez desberdintasunen bat dagoen egiaztatzeko. Halaber, nahi da polizia-gorputz honek eta gizarte-zerbitzuak egindako prozedura analizatzea, baita ere biktimaren eta erasotzailearen profilak aztertu. Bestalde, ahalegintzen da Genero-Indarkeriaren aurkako Babes Osoko Neurriak, 1/2004 Lege Organikoaren alderdi eztabaidagarrienak analizatzen. Hartarako, metodologia mistoa erabili da. Kualitatiboa alde batetik, lau elkarrizketa eginez gaian gehiago sakontzeko (bi biktimari, polizia-agente bati eta gizarte-langile bati). Bestaldetik, perspektiba kuantitatibotik, Udaltzaingoaren genero-indarkeriari buruzko datu-basea esploratuko da analisi estatistiko bat egiteko. Azkenik, aurkezten dira lan honekin lortu ditudan konklusioak, eta etorkizuneko ikerketei begira eta Udaltzaingoaren operatibitatea handiagotzeko asmoarekin, hobekuntza batzuk proposatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23801,2017-11-27,"The main objective of this project is to create a system to simulate in a realistic way the behavior of cloth based on a particle system. For that, the different modelling techniques and the physical properties necessary for the proper running will be studied.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia ehunen portaera simulatzen duen partikula sistema batean oinarritutako sistema egitea da. Hori egiteko, modelatze teknika ezberdinak eta hauek bidezko portaera edukitzeko behar dituzten propietate fisikoak ikertu egingo dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47013,2020-10-19,"The current clamping and coupling system of the LEVC test bench guarantees a high level of test quality. However, this system involves long assembly times and makes use of elements that often cause water leaks or misalignment of the test shaft. When this occurs, test set-up times are dramatically increased, reducing process efficiency. The main objective of the project is to reduce test preparation times as much as possible and optimize the system, correcting the type of problems mentioned above. For this, the different methods used by the national accountant test centers have been analyzed. However, none of them is applicable to LEVC. The decision is therefore made to design a new clamping and coupling system that will improve the LEVC using simpler and more efficient elements. The new coupling system consists of 6 bush sizes. Nowadays used pipe sections and flat gaskets, are replaced by constant section PVC pipes and O-rings attached to the bushes. In this way, the number of parts used is reduced and the sealing of the system is improved, preventing leaks. For its part, the current clamping system is replaced by a set of elements consisting of clamps, a rail guide and different parts that correctly fix the clamp to the test bench. The design of this new system allows the pipes to be easily removed and prevents misalignment of the parts that make up the test bench. The implementation of these two designs offers the possibility to create some pieces in the same laboratory through the use of a 3D printer, thus reducing production costs. All designs are made by using the AutoCAD software. In addition to this, in order to guarantee quality designs and reduce the error tests necessary to validate them, a finite element study of all the bushings is carried out. Through this study, relevant information is obtained from the critical areas of each piece, and its geometries can be modified to optimize the designs.","Gaur egungo LEVC proba bankuaren estutze eta akoplamendu sistemak proben kalitate maila altua bermatzen dituzte. Hala ere, sistema honek muntaia denbora luzeak dakartza eta erabiltzen diren zenbat elementu ur-ihesak edo probaketa ardatza mugitzea eragiten dituzte. Hori gertatzen denean, proben konfigurazio denborak nabarmen handitzen dira, prozesuen eraginkortasuna murriztuz. Proiektuaren helburu nagusiak probak prestatzeko denbora ahalik eta gehien murriztea eta sistema optimizatzea dira. Hauek lortzeko lehen aipatutako arazok zuzendu behar dira. Horretarako, kontulari zentro nazionalek erabiltzen dituzten metodo desberdinak aztertu dira. Hala ere, hoien metuduak es dira aplikagarria LEVC laborategian. Beraz, estutze eta akoplamendu sistema berri baten diseinua egingo da, hobekuntza izango baita LEVCrentzat elementu sinpleagoak eta eraginkorragoak erabiliz. Akoplamendu sistema berria 6 zorro tamaina dezberdinez osatuta dago. Oraingo hodien atalak eta juntak lauak erabiliz, PVC hodi etengabeak eta O eraztunak ordezkatzen dira. Horrela, erabilitako piezen kopurua murrizten da eta zigilu sistema hobetzen da, ihesak ekiditeko. Estutze sistema, tutu euskarriaz, trenbide-gidaz eta piezak ondo finkatzeko elementuez osatuta dago. Sistema berri honen diseinuak hodien erauzketa erraza ahalbidetzen du eta probaketa ardatza mugitzea ekiditen du. Bi diseinu hauek laborategi berean piezen zati bat 3D inprimagailu baten bidez sortzeko aukera eskaintzen dute, eta horrela, ekoizpen kostuak murrizten dira. Diseinu guztiak AutoCAD softwarea erabiliz egiten dira. Honetaz gain, kalitatezko diseinuak bermatzeko eta horiek balioztatzeko beharrezko diren akats probak murrizteko asmoz, zorro guztiak elementu finituen bidez ikertuko dira. Ikerketa honen bidez, pieza bakoitzaren arlo kritikoen informazioa lortzen da. Behar bada haren geometriak alda daitezke diseinuak optimizatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17677,2016-03-16,"This project analyzes the participation and relationships among pupils in Primary Education. In order to improve those, it proposes four didactic proposals based on music, doing modifications through investigation-action. According to some authors, music is an appropriate resource to improve relationships. Moreover, if a good relationship is established, between students and teachers, pupils would feel good and comfortable, wich will lead a more active and positive attitude in everyday’s activities. Taking into account the results, children who have more difficulties to take part in a group through the conversation, they will feel comfortable interacting in musical activities.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako talde batean ikasleen parte-hartzea eta harremanak aztertu, eta hauek hobetzeko musikan oinarritutako lau proposamen didaktiko planteatzen dira, ikerketa-akzioaren bidez batetik besterako birmoldaketak eginez. Hainbat autoreen esanetan, musika harremanak sustatzeko baliabide eraginkorra da. Era berean, ikasleen zein irakaslearen arteko harremanak positiboak izanez gero, ikasleak ondo eta eroso sentitu, eta eguneroko jardueretan jarrera aktibo eta baikorragoaz arituko dira. Lortutako emaitzen aurrean, baiezta daiteke taldean hitz eginez parte hartzeko zailtasunak dituzten ikasleak musikaren bidez harremantzeko erosoago sentitu direla." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72622,2025-02-11,"Industrialised construction is presented as an innovative and efficient alternative to traditional methods of housing construction. This research aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of different industrialised construction systems, assessing their technical, economic and environmental viability. The study aims to determine whether industrialised construction is a viable and sustainable option for the housing sector compared to traditional methods. To this end, various aspects will be analysed, such as the mechanical performance, durability, environmental impact and cost of a prototype single-family house. In addition, the contribution of industrialised construction to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will be explored. The results of this research will provide a clear vision of the potential of industrialised construction, and serve as a reference for both practitioners and future researchers.","Eraikuntza industrializaua etxebizitzak eraikitzeko metodo tradizinonalen alternatiba barritzaile eta efiziente gisa aurkezten da. Ikerketa-lan honen helburua da eraikuntza-sistema industrializauen abantailak eta desabantailak sakon aztertzea, eta hareen bideragarritasun teknikoa, ekonomikoa eta ingurumenekoa ebaluetea. Azterlan honen bidez, zehaztu gura da ea eraikuntza industrializaua aukera bideragarria eta jasangarria dan bizitegi-sektorearentzat, metodo tradizinonalekin alderatuta. Horretarako, hainbat alderdi aztertuko dira, halan zelan portaera mekanikoa, iraunkortasuna, ingurumen-inpaktua eta prototipo bidezko familia bakarreko etxebizitzaren kostua. Gainera, eraikuntza industrializauak Garapen Jasangarriko Helburuak (GJH) beteten zelan laguntzen dauen aztertuko da. Ikerketa horren emoitzek eraikuntza industrializauaren potentzialtasunen ikuspegi argia emongo dabe, eta erreferentzia izango dira sektoreko profesinonalentzat zein etorkizuneko ikertzaileentzat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29156,2018-10-18,"The Muskiz WWTP pours its effluent directly to Barbadún, affecting the quality of the waters in the wetland and in the mouth of this estuary on the beach. On the other hand, the high water consumption of Petronor is an environmental problem due to the contribution to the depletion of said resource. With the expansion of the Muskiz WWTP and the addition of a refining and storage stage for treated water for later industrial reuse, both problems can be attacked. The refining stage consists in a membrane process based on ultrafiltration, which allows improving the physical and biological parameters required by legislation for industrial use. Furthermore, a final chlorination is carried out that provides a lasting disin fection until its reuse. Finally, the water is stored in a tank which has enough capacity to dam all the treated volume for more than twelve hours. The new installations that have been raised in the plot of the Muskiz WWTP, following the natural route of the water, are: a chest and pumping well (arranged after secondary treatment), ultrafiltration equipment based on hollow fiber filters and a deposit placed at the end of the line and after the chlorination. In addition, a tank of clean water has been placed to cover the washing cycle of the filters and the necessary conductions to materialize this refining treatment. It has been bet, mainly, by prefabricated equipment and elements done in various materials (concrete, polyester reinforced with fiberglass, steel and other metals...). In this way, a quick start-up and a reduction in terms will be achieved. That translates into a minimal impact on the current operation of the WWTP. The total of the project will go out to tender with a Contract Execution Budget of 1.564.318,05 €. The estimated execution time, having a correct planning and sufficient manpower, will be around 60 days.","Muskizko UHA-k bere ur-efluentea zuzenean Barbadunera botatzen du, hezegunearen uraren kalitatea eta hondartzaren itsasadarraren estuarioa kaltetuz. Bestalde, Petronor-en ur kontsumo handia ingurumen-arazo argi bat da,baliabide hori agortzeaz laguntzen baitu. Muskiz UHA-ren hedapenarekin, eta tratatutako uraren fintze eta biltegiratzearekin batera, ondorengo berrerabilpen industrialerako, bi arazo hauek murriztu daitezke. Fintze-etapa ultrafiltzazioan oinarritutako mintza prozesua izango da. Eta honek industria erabilerarako legeak eskatzen dituen parametro fisiko eta biologiko arte hobetuko du tratatutako uren kalitatea. Gainera, egiten den azken klorazioarekin, desinfekzio iraunkor bat bermatzen da berrerabilera arte. Azkenean, ura hamabi ordu baino gehiagoko edukiera duen depositu batean gordetuko da. Muskizko UHA-n planteatu diren instalazio berriak, uraren ibilbide naturala jarraituz, hurrengoak dira: kutxatila eta ponpaketa putzua (bigarren mailako tratamenduaren ondoren jarrita), ultramiltzazio ekipo bat zuntz huts iragazkietan onarritutakoa eta linearen buztanan, klorazio ondoren, kolokatutako depositu bat. Gainera, iragazkien garbiketa zikloa betetzeko, beste depositu bat jarri da eta tratamendu osoa gauzatzeko behar diren hodiak ere. Batez ere, ekipamendu eta elementu aurrefabrikatuengaz apustu egin da, material desberdinez eginak (hormigoia, beirazko zuntzaz indartutako poliesterra, altzairu eta beste metalak...). Horrela, denbora minimo batean amaituko dira lanak eta UHA-ren egungo lanetan eraginak txikiagotuko dira. Dena kontuan hartuta, Kontrata Egite Aurrekontua hurrengoa da: 1.564.318,05€. Eta egite epea, plangintza aproposa eta eskulan nahiko bat suposatzen, 60 egungoa, gutxi gorabehera, izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72642,2025-02-12,"This document contains the Final Degree Project report (TFG) of Eder Sampayo Rodríguez, a student of Computer Engineering in Management and Information Systems at the School of Engineering of Bilbao, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). The project is a web application aimed at assisting in the analysis, management, and visualization of Active Directory. This tool is designed to make Active Directory resource management more efficient, visual, and intuitive for system administrators. The application allows for obtaining metrics from Active Directory in a dashboard that displays information about objects, unlocking users, managing and viewing users and groups in detail, comparing and categorizing users between 2 groups and groups between 2 users, exporting obtained data, and logging all changes made from the application to Active Directory into a database. The system consists of a Front-End developed in Angular, a Back-End in .NET Core, and a SQL Server database, all integrated with Active Directory and deployed on a server with IIS. Additionally, libraries such as AG-Grid, Chart.js, and ApexCharts.js are used for data visualization, and SweetAlert2 for notification management. The supervisor of this project is Koldobika Gojenola Galletebeitia, a professor in the Department of Languages and Computer Systems at the School of Engineering of Bilbao.","Dokumentu honetan Eder Sampayo Rodríguez-en Gradu Amaierako Lanaren (TFG) memoria jasotzen da, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Informatika Ingeniaritzako ikaslea Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatean (UPV/EHU). Proiektua web aplikazio bat da, Direktorio Aktiboaren analisia, kudeaketa eta bistaratzea laguntzeko helburua duena. Tresna hau administratzaile sistemei Direktorio Aktiboaren baliabideen kudeaketa errazteko diseinatuta dago, baliabideak eraginkorrago, ikusgarriago eta intuitiboago kudeatzeko. Aplikazioak Direktorio Aktibotik metrikak lortzen ditu panel batean objektuen informazioa erakusten, erabiltzaileak desblokeatzen, erabiltzaile eta taldeak zehatz ikusten eta kudeatzen, bi taldeko erabiltzaileak eta bi erabiltzaileko taldeak alderatzen eta kategorizatzen, lortutako datuak esportatzen eta aplikaziotik Direktorio Aktiboan egindako aldaketak datu-base batean erregistratzen ditu. Sistema Angular-en garatutako Front-End batez, .NET Core-ko Back-End batez eta SQL Server datu-base batez osatuta dago, guztiak Direktorio Aktiboarekin integratuta eta IIS duen zerbitzarian instalatuta. Gainera, AG-Grid, Chart.js eta ApexCharts.js liburutegiak erabiltzen dira datuak bistaratzeko eta SweetAlert2 jakinarazpenen kudeaketarako. Proiektu honen tutorea Koldobika Gojenola Galletebeitia da, Bilboko Ingenieritza Eskolako Hizkuntzak eta Sistema Informatikoak sailako irakaslea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25441,1998,"The future Regulating Law of a Justice to Minors, according to the Bill of 1998, has provided the intervention with minors but in a margin of age different from before, and an extensive range of measures. After studying the new variables that modify the origin of criminal behaviours and the new offences, the intervention models, more operatives, adaptted to the age and to personal characteristics of the minor, are pointed out.","1998-ko aurreproiektuan jasotzen den bezala, Gazte justizia moldatuko duen lege organikoak, orain arte jardun ez diren adinetan jardutea du helburu, eta baita neurri multzo zabal bat ere. Delitu berriak eta delituzko portaerak aldatzen dituzten aldagai berriak aztertu ondoren, gaztearen ingurugiroa, ezaugarri pertsonalak eta adina kontutan hartzen dituzten esku-hartze eredutaz hitzegiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50720,2021-03-22,"The project that I am going to present next, is an investigation about the participation of the students in the childhood education center. It is divided into two blocks and will be distributed as follows: In the first block, the theoretical framework of child participation will be developed. Firstly, in order to know how the adult vision of kids has evolved, I will make a small historical analysis about it. Then, I will define the concept and analyze the different ways and degrees of participation so that we can obtain a better conception on the subject. After that, I will assess what are the conditions needed for genuine participation. The next step will be to evaluate the factors that affect when participating, as well as their advantages and disavantages so we can act in the best possible way. Finally, I will emphasize on working in participation at schools. In the second block, I will poceed to develop the results, dealing with the topic of Project Based Learning, since it is a method that involves students in their education. The objective will be to know in depth about this methodology, analyzing its origins and its essential characteristics, among other aspects.","Ondoren aurkeztuko dudan lana Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleen partaidetzari buruzkoa da. Bi ataletan zatituta dago eta horrela banatuko dira: Lehenik eta behin, lehenengo atalean, haurren partaidetzaren marko teorikoa garatuko dut. Hasteko, denboran zehar helduek haurrei buruz izan duten ikuspuntua nola aldatu den ezagutzeko analisi historiko bat egingo dut. Ondoren, aurreko azterketaren emaitzekin kontzeptua definituko dut eta parte-hartze joerak eta dauden gradu ezberdinak analizatuko ditut, gaiari buruzko ezagutza sakonagoa izan dadin. Gero, partaidetza hori sustatzeko behar diren baldintzak azalduko ditut. Hori egindakoan, hurrengo urratsa, partaidetzari eragiten dien faktoreak ebaluatzea izango da. Gainera, zehatzago jardun ahal izateko, aurkitzen ditudan abantailak eta eragozpenak azalduko ditut. Azkenik, ikastetxeetan partaidetza nola garatu daitekeen aztertzea izango da gure eginkizun nagusia. Lanaren bigarren atalean, emaitzak garatzeari ekingo diot. Horretarako proiektuak erabiltzen dituen metodologian sakonduko dut, metodo honek ikasleen parte-hartzea du helburu duen aldetik. Nire ikerketaren proiektuen bidezko lanketa sakontasunean ezagutzea izango da, metodologiaren jatorriak eta funtsezko ezaugarriak aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55049,2022-01-18,"Given that school and family cooperating is important for the physical, emotional, social and cognitive development of the child, the main objective of this Final Degree Project is to investigate the relationship between the family and the school. To achieve this aim, an investigation is planned at a public school located in the municipality of Bizkaia, which has a population of about 3000. The participants in the study are, the teachers of Infant School, the coordinator of Infant School, the families of five years children and the tutor. The methodology used has been mixed, with the tools of research being specifically conversations and questionnaires. The information obtained through these instruments has been analysed and the results of the work have been produced, based on the results and the theoretical frame to draw the conclusions of the research.","Eskola eta familia elkarlanean aritzea haurraren garapen fisiko, emozional, sozial eta kognitiborako garrantzitsua dela kontuan harturik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek familiaren eta ikastetxearen arteko harremana ikertzea du helburu nagusi. Horretarako, Bizkaiko 3000 biztanle inguru dituen udalerrian kokatutako ikastetxe publiko batean ikerketa egitea erabaki da. Ikerketako partaideak, Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleak, Haur Hezkuntzako koordinatzailea, bost urteko haurren familiak eta irakasle tutorea dira. Erabilitako metodologia mistoa izan da, ikerketako tresnak zehazki elkarrizketak eta galdetegiak izan direlarik. Tresna hauen bidez lortutako informazioa aztertu eta lanaren emaitzak atera dira, ondoren, emaitzetan eta marko teorikoan oinarrituz ikerketaren ondorioak ateratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29507,2018-10-31,"This project is based on the realization of a 3D visualization tool using C as a programming language and openGL and ImageMagick libraries. The project, after reading the .obj file, allows you to place vertices in specific points of a 3D scene. The union of these points into blocks of 3 will represent a triangle; in blocks of four, a square. The grouping of multiple polygons will bring as a consequence the representation of the silhouette of the desired image in 3D, to which later the textures will be insertedThe joint representation of the silhouette created by the polygons and the textures stuck on it, will result in the 3D color image.","3Dko bistaratze-erraminta bat egitea da proiektu honen helburua. Horretarako, openGL eta ImageMagick liburutegiak eta C programazio lengoaia erabiliko dira. .obj fitxategia irakurri ondoren, proiektua 3Dko agertoki bateko puntu zehatzetan kokatzea baimentzen du. Puntu hauek hiru blokeetan lotzen dituenean, hirukiak sortzen dira. Lau blokeetan lotzen baldin baditu, aldiz, karratuak. Askotariko poligonoak batzean baldin badira, gura den irudiaren 3Dko silueta irudikatzea lortu ahal izango da. Geroago, silueta horiei ehundurak sartuko zaizkie. Poligonoek eta testurek elkarrekin sortzen duten azken irudia, koloreetan egongo den 3D ko irudia izango dute emaitza bezala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18320,2016-05-31,"In this document, is presented a degree final project, developed with the aim of making the design of a wireless system for the collection of parameters in the ambit of surfing. To achieve the objectives of this study, we analyzed the state of the art associated with that system, in order to distinguish the behavior of sensors and wireless technologies. Finally, using the developed methodology, the overall system design and the design of a lite system have been carried out.","Dokumentu honetan, surf kirolaren arloan parametroak biltzeko haririk gabeko sistema baten diseinua garatzeko helburuarekin burutako gradu amaierako lana aurkezten da. Lan honen helburua lortzeko, sistema horrekin erlazionaturiko artearen egoera aztertu da, haririk gabeko teknologia eta sentsoreen portaera bereizteko asmoarekin. Azkenik, erabilitako metodologiaren bidez sistema orokorraren diseinua garatu da eta baita sistema “murriztu edo txiki” baten diseinua ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51038,2021-04-16,"The aim of this work has been mainly to analyse possible differences in the self-concept of primary school pupils according to sex and age. The evaluated sample has been 100 students from 7 to 13 years old from CEIP Lucas Rey HLHI in Amurrio. From these, 46 (46%) are in the first cycle and 54 (54%) are in the second cycle, including 49 (49%) girls and 51 (51%) boys. The Piers Harris survey was used to measure the self-concept of these pupils. This survey allows us to obtain information on the student's perception (global self-concept) and on the aspects included in the self-concept through 6 dimensions. The data obtained does not show significant differences according to sex in the dimensions of self-concept. On the contrary, in terms of age, the results obtained indicate that the older students obtain a statistically better score in behavioural and social self-concept and happiness satisfaction. As a proposal of improvement, to work the positive development of the social self-concept. A proposal of intervention directed to the students of 3rd and 4th grade of Primary Education is presented. In order to improve the social dimension of the self-concept, 5 activities are proposed in which social skills will be worked; since they are fundamental to relate to other people or to develop adequately in the social field.","Lan honen helburua, nagusiki, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen autokontzeptuan sexuaren eta adinaren arabera egon daitezkeen aldeak aztertzea izan da. Ebaluatutako lagina Amurrioko Lucas Rey HLHIko Lehen Hezkuntzako 7 eta 13 urte bitarteko 100 ikaslekoa izan da. Horietatik 46 (%46) lehen ziklokoak dira eta 54 (%54) bigarren ziklokoak, horien artean 49 (%49) neskak eta 51 (% 51) mutilak. Ikasle hauen autokontzeptua neurtzeko Piers Harrisen inkesta erabili da. Inkesta honek ikasleek beren buruaz duten pertzepzioari buruzko informazioa lortzeko aukera ematen du (autokontzeptu globala), bai eta autokontzeptuak barne hartzen dituen alderdiei buruzkoa ere, 6 dimentsioen bidez (izendatu dimentsio horiek). Lortutako datuek ez dute autokontzeptuaren dimentsioetan sexuaren araberako alde esanguratsurik adierazten. Aldiz, adinari dagokionez, lortutako emaitzek adierazten dute ikasle zaharrenek estatistikoki puntuazio hobeak lortzen dituztela autokontzeptu konduktualean, sozialean eta zoriontasun-asebetetzean. Hobekuntza proposamena bezala, autokontzeptu sozialaren garapen positiboa lantzeko. Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. eta 4. mailako ikasleei zuzendutako esku-hartze proposamen bat aurkezten da. Autokontzeptuaren dimentsio soziala hobetzeko, 5 jarduera proposatzen dira, eta horietan gizarte-trebetasunak landuko dira; izan ere, trebetasun horiek funtsezkoak dira beste pertsona batzuekin harremanetan jartzeko edo gizarte-eremuan behar bezala moldatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72615,2025-02-11,"This final thesis analysed the state of our seas due to the accumulation of plastic waste. The main objective was to increase and update people's knowledge of this problem, making known the sources and routes of entry of waste into the marine environment, their destinations and the impacts they have on both the environment and living beings. Likewise,the so-called ""plastic islands"" located in the vortexes of the great oceanic gyres will be discussed, and the subject will also be dealt with from the point of view of the law, listing the different applicable regulations. On the other hand, given that this microplastic pollution causes a large carbon footprint, the different global actions carried out in the last decade with the aim of mitigating consumption and promoting recycling will be examined in depth. In addition, the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages of the European circular economy model are reviewed. However, it should be emphasised that the results of this work could be improved over time, as the effects of these sustainable policies and initiatives are still limited. Finally, the conclusion confirms that a change in human behaviour and consumption patterns is needed to eradicate plastic pollution from our oceans.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan gure itsasoen egoera aztertu da, hondakin plastikoen pilaketen ondorioz. Helburu nagusia pertsonak arazo honi buruz duten ezagutza handitzea eta eguneratzea izan zen, hondakinak itsas ingurunera sartzeko iturriak eta sarbideak, horien helmugak eta ingurumenean nahiz izaki bizidunetan eragiten dituzten inpaktuak jakinaraziz. Era berean, bira ozeaniko handien zurrunbilotan dauden ""plastikozko uharteei"" buruz hitz egingo da, eta zuzenbidearen ikuspuntutik ere aztertuko da gaia, araudi aplikagarriak aipatuz. Bestalde, kutsadura mikroplastiko honek karbono-aztarna handia eragiten duenez, azken hamarkadan kontsumoa arintzeko eta birziklapena sustatzeko garatu diren ekintza globaletan sakonduko da. Gainera, hori garatzeko, europako ekonomia zirkularraren ereduaren eraginkortasuna, abantailak eta desabantailak berrikusi dira. Hala ere, denboraren poderioz lan honetan lortu diren emaitzak hobetu daitezkeela azpimarratu behar da, orain arte politika eta ekimen jasangarriak urriak baitira oraindik. Amaitzeko,ondorio gisa baieztatzen da giza portaera eta kontsumo-ereduak aldatu behar direla gure ozeanoen kutsadura plastikoa desagerrarazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73356,2025-05-07,"Diversity is one of the aspects that characterizes 21st century societies, although this does not always mean a desirable peaceful coexistence between cultures, origins, habits, traditions and ways of thinking or living. It is evident that despite the fact that migratory movements have been driven and accelerated by the phenomenon of globalization, the reality that students must face is not totally favorable to these intercultural meetings. This implies the need to guide education towards values of respect, solidarity and empathy, that is, towards intercultural education in which aspects such as dialogue, imagination and critical thinking are crucial. That is why the use of children's and youth literature has been considered useful as a tool for identification, understanding, reflection and personal acceptance, through which students can discover new worlds both intellectually and emotionally. For this reason, a learning situation was designed and implemented, related to the process of migration and migratory journeys, in a first-year Primary Education classroom. During its implementation, results were collected, leading to an analysis with which evaluate the suitability of this type of activities. Precisely, the results reveal that the use of intercultural literary education promotes respect for others, empathy, solidarity, tolerance and eradicating discriminatory thoughts from an early age. It also provides students with new ways of exploiting their ideas, as well as awakening their critical spirit, imagination, creativity, desire to know themselves better and connect with the figure of the other.","Aniztasuna XXI. mendeko gizarteen ezaugarrietako bat da, baina horrek ez du esan nahi kulturen, jatorrien, ohituren eta pentsatzeko edo bizitzeko moduen arteko bizikidetza beti baketsua denik. Argi dago globalizazioaren fenomenoak migrazio-mugimenduak bultzatu eta bizkortu dituen arren, ikasleek aurre egin behar dieten errealitatea ez dela kulturarteko topaketa horien guztiz aldekoa. Horregatik, errespetuan, elkartasunean eta enpatian oinarritzen den hezkuntzara bideratzearen beharra, hau da, kulturarteko hezkuntzaren garrantzia zeinetan elkarrizketa, irudimena eta pentsamendu kritikoa funtsezkoak diren. Lan honetan, haur eta gazte literatura identifikazio, ulermen, hausnarketa eta onarpen pertsonalerako tresna gisa erabiltzea baliagarritzat jo da, ikasleek mundu berriak deskubritu ahal izan ditzaten, bai intelektualki bai emozionalki. Horregatik, migrazio-prozesuarekin eta migrazio-bidaiekin lotutako ikas-egoera bat diseinatu eta ezarri zen Lehen Hezkuntzako lehen mailako gela batean. Praktikan jarri zenean, emaitzak bildu ziren, eta azterketa bat egin zen jarduera mota horien egokitasuna ebaluatzeko. Hain zuzen ere, emaitzek agerian uzten dute kulturarteko literatura-hezkuntza erabiltzeak besteenganako errespetua, enpatia, elkartasuna, tolerantzia eta pentsamendu diskriminatzaileak desagerraraztea sustatzen dituela. Gainera, ikasleei haien ideiak ustiatzeko bide berriak emateaz gain, espiritu kritikoa, irudimena, sormena, haien burua hobeto ezagutzeko eta bestearen irudiarekin konektatzeko gogoa eta grina pizten ditu" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23273,2017-07,"Software Defined Networks (SDN) represent a new network paradigm that improves flexibility in networks by decoupling the control plane and the data plane in the network devices. It makes the networking devices simple packet forwarding devices and leaves all the control logic to a centralized software called controller. The proposal is a real-time network monitoring application using the ONOS (Open Network Operating System) controller. Network monitoring is a crucial element in any communications network since it allows, among other things, to ensure the proper operation of the networks, it helps planning and facilitates network engineering techniques.","Softwarez Definitutako Sareak (SDN) paradigma berria dira sareen munduan, kontrol-planoa eta datu-planoak bereiziz, sareen malgutasuna hobetzeko xedez sortuak. Sareko gailuak paketeak birbidaltzera mugatzen dira, kontrol logika guztia kontrolatzaile izeneko software batean zentralizatuta dagoen bitartean. Proiektu honetan sarea denbora errealean ikuskatzeko aplikazio bat proposatzen da, kontrolatzaile moduan ONOS erabiliko duena. ONOS-ek trafikoa jarraitzeko aplikazio bat duen arren, bakarrik erakusten ditu monitorizazioa ezarri denetik aurrera loturatik igarotako byteak. Proposatutako aplikazioak ONOS sistema baterako oinarriak finkatuko ditu. Lortu nahi diren parametroak latentzia, loturen erabilera eta pakete-galera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36842,2019-12-12,"Abstract: this project exposes the control of position of a ball through the programming in Arduino, for the analysis of different configurations of the PID controller. The practical case developed consists of a bar and ball system, which is a non-linear and unstable system. Different configurations of the PID controller have been implemented to observe its operation and draw conclusions about them. The main objective of this project is to use a microcontroller to control a model of ball position control, with the aim of bringing students who do not know control theory understand how to control a system in a way real. In this case, the model will be used as a teaching method. For this, all the control of the system has been carried out in the Arduino programming, obtaining an acceptable control of the model, since the position error of the ball is minimal. To achieve the aforementioned objective, a user interface has been implemented in the system, which uses a control panel designed to achieve an interactive communication between user and control of the model, in order to modify each of the actions of the controllers PID implemented and see what happens in the control, and so the user can draw conclusions from each of the parameters of the different implemented PIDs. It must be said that for the achievement of the project, one of the objectives was to obtain the different parameters of the controllers implemented in the programming, through the realization of a simulation of the system by means of Matlab, in which there was no success, due to the approximations and linearizations made when obtaining the model of the plant. For this reason, the constants used in the different controllers implemented in the system were obtained by the trial-error adjustment method, achieving good results. In general, it can be said that all the objectives imposed at the beginning have been met, and that different knowledge about different subjects that were previously unknown was acquired. Due to the study and design process, several conclusions are presented and some lines of improvement are proposed, such as implementing a graphical user interface that provides the behavior of the system in real time.","Laburpena: proiektu honek bola bateko posizioaren kontrola azaltzen du, Arduinoaren programazioaren bidez kontrolatzaile desberdin analizatzeko. Garatutako kasu praktikoa barra eta pilota sistema bat da, sistema hau sistema ez lineal eta ezegonkorra da. PID-a kontrolatzailearen konfigurazio desberdinak inplementatu dira bere funtzionamendua ikusteko eta ondorioak haiei buruz lortu ahal izateko. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, mikrokontrolatzaile bat ondo erabiltzea da maketa baten kontrola kontrolatzeko, honekin kontrolaren teoria ezagutzen ez duten edo lehen aldiz sartzen diren ikasleei hurbiltzeko. Kasu honetan, maketa irakaskuntza metodo gisa erabiliko da. Horretarako, sistemaren kontrol guztia Arduino programazioan burutu da, maketaren kontrol onargarria lortuz, zeren eta, pilotaren posizio errorea oso txikia baita. Honen bidez, kontrol-teoria ezagutzen ez duen ikasle batek PID kontroladorea nola funtzionatzen duen ulertu ahal izango du, horretarako erabiltzaile-interfazea inplementatu da sisteman, erabiltzailearen eta maketa kontrolaren arteko komunikazio interaktiboa lortzeko aginte-panel bat diseinatu da, horrekin kontrolatzaileen akzioetako bakoitza aldatu ahal izateko esta zer gertatzen den kontrolean ikusteko. Proiektuaren lorpenerako esan behar da, helburuetako bat programan ezarritako kontrolagailuen parametroak lortzea izan zen, Matlab-en bidez sistemaren simulazio bat eginez, arrakasta gabe, sistema fisikoaren modeloa lortu ahal izateko egindako hurbilketak eta linealtasunak direla eta. Hori dela eta, sisteman ezarritako kontrolagailu desberdinetan erabiltzen diren konstanteak akats-doikuntza metodoaren bidez lortu ziren, emaitza onak lortuz. Oro har, hasieran ezarritako helburu guztiak bete direla esan daiteke, eta lehenago ezezagunak ziren hainbat gairi buruzko ezagutzak eskuratu direla esan daiteke. Azterketa eta diseinu prozesu osoari esker, hainbat ondorio aurkezten dira eta hobekuntza bide batzuk proposatzen dira, esate baterako, erabiltzaile-interfaze grafiko bat sisteman inplementatzea, sistemaren portaera denbora errealean ikusi ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36491,2019-11-27,"This work is based on the acquisition of data from an automated process from SIEMENS SIMATIC IoT2040 device with different industrial protocols through a programming platform (Node-RED). Thus, it is possible to read, send and process data from a process ina remote server, facilitating the implementation of industry 4.0 through the Internet of Things(IoT)to any future automated process.","Lan hau automatizazio prozesu datuen eskuratzean oinarritzen da SIMATIC IOT2040 gailuaren bidez, protokolo industrial desberdinekin, programazio plataforma baten (Node-RED) bitartez. Horrela, prozesuko datuen irakurketa, bidalketa eta prozesaketa zerbitzari urrun batean posible egiten da, 4.0 industriaren inplementazioa erraztuz Gauzen Internetaren (IoT) bidez etorkizuneko edozein automatizazio prozesutarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59868,2023-02-15,"Current climate situation, together with the politics driven by the European Union have inspired the development of Net Zero Districts. This document presents an alternative and economic analysis of a hybrid (PV/Wind turbine) power system projects. The case study is located at the Port District Area in the city of Seville, Spain. The analysis is carried out by investigating the potentials of wind and solar energy and collecting data from different sources. Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) software is used to analyse the available data and the technical-economic feasibility of the proposed hybrid power system. In this document, both off-grid and grid-connected systems are modelled and optimized for comparison purposes. The simulation results indicate that the proposed model of a grid-connected system is more feasible than the off-grid one in the mentioned region.","Gaur egun bizi dugun egoera klimatikoak, Europar Batasunak bultzatutako politika energetikoekin batera, Net Zero distrituen garapena ekarri du. Dokumentu honek sistema hibridoen (eguzki energia eta energia eolikoa integratzen dituena) alternatiba azterketa eta analisi ekonomikoa aurkezten du. Kasu praktikoa Sevilla hiriko (Espainia) portu-distrituan kokatzen da. Analisia egiteko, haize- eta eguzki-potentzialak ikertu dira, eta hainbat iturritako datuak bildu. Proiektuaren bideragarritasun tekniko-ekonomikoa eta datuak aztertzeko erabiliko den softwarea HOMER izango da. Dokumentu honetan, sistema isolatu baterako eta sarera konektatuta dagoen beste baterako eredu bat lantzen da, bien bideragarritasuna alderatzeko. Proiektuaren emaitzek erakusten dutenez, aurreikusitako kokapenerako, sarera konektatutako sistema batek emaitza hobeak lortzen ditu proiektuaren bideragarritasunari dagokionez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36587,2019-11-27,"The aim of this project is to develop asystem to explore huge land extensions with a distributed swarmintelligence. To accomplish this task Stochastic Diffusion Search algorithms will be used. The swarm is created by various agents, which can be land agents or flying agents.This agents will need to communicate and cooperate for accomplish exploration tasks.This tasks consist in demarcate areas scattered across a map. Additionally, this areas required different types of agents and only those types of agents can demarcate them.Robots exploring huge land extensions have beentrying to simulatewith these specifications. Moreover, the map contains several obstacles or dangers for the human being. In addition, the types of agents representvariousrobots with different tools:cameras, microphones, barometers, spectrometers and etcetera. At the same time, they also simulatethe zones, for example: gas leaks, physique obstacles or radioactive dangers.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia eremuhandien esplorazio sistema bat garatzea da.Banatutako taldeinteligentzia baten bidezetadifusio estokatikobilaketa algoritmoetan oinarrituta. Taldealurreko eta hegaleko hainbat agente ditu. Hauekkomunikatueta elkarlanean aritu beharko dira esploraziolanak egiteko. Zeregin hauek mapa batetan sakabanatuta dauden eremuak mugatzea da. Horrez gain, eremu horiek agente mota desberdinak eskatzen dituzte eta dagokion agenteak soilik mugatu ahal izango dituzte.Zehaztapen horiek eremu handiak esploratzen dituzten robotak simulatzen saiatzen dira, gizakiak oztopo edo arrisku ugari biltzen dituena. Hori dela eta, robotaktresna desberdinak dituzte: kamerak, termometroak, barometroak, espektroskopia, etab. Aldi berean, eremuenezaugarriak simulatzen dituzte, adibidez, gasen ihesak, oztopo fisikoak, arrisku erradioaktiboak,etab." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69761,2024-10-07,"This thesis investigates the potential for Spain to transition to a fully renewable energy system by extrapolating from Danish system designs. It examines Spain's current energy landscape, future plans, and the role of renewable energy sources and hydrogen storage technologies in achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. The study compares Spain’s strategies with those of Denmark, highlighting the differences in their approaches due to distinct socio-economic contexts and existing energy infrastructures. The analysis concludes that while hydrogen storage is vital for Spain’s renewable energy goals, other storage technologies like hydropower with reverse pumping and CSP solar parks also play significant roles. The study underscores the importance of tailored energy strategies for different countries to meet European environmental goals.","Tesi honek Espainiak sistema energetiko guztiz berriztagarria lortzeko duen potentziala aztertzen du, Danimarkako sistemaren diseinuetatik extrapolatuz. Espainiako energia egoera, etorkizuneko planak eta 2050erako karbono neutraltasuna lortzeko energia berriztagarrien iturrien eta hidrogeno biltegiratze teknologiaren papera aztertzen ditu. Ikasketak Espainiaren estrategiak Danimarkakoekin alderatzen ditu, haien ikuspegi desberdinak nabarmentzen ditu, testuinguru sozio-ekonomiko eta energia azpiegitura desberdinak direla eta. Azterketak ondorioztatzen du hidrogeno biltegiratzea ezinbestekoa dela Espainiako energia berriztagarrien helburuetarako, baina beste biltegiratze teknologiek ere, hala nola, ponpaketa alderantzizkoa duten zentral hidroelektrikoek eta CSP eguzki parkeek, rol esanguratsuak dituzte. Ikasketak herrialde ezberdinetarako energia estrategien garrantzia azpimarratzen du Europako ingurumen helburuak betetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24239,2017-09,"The purpose of this text is to talk about the updates, improvements and general optimization of the FMS – 200 modular system of the automatization laboratory located on our school. Due to its modular behavior it is possible to make different modifications on the system, in terms such as hardware, software or even communications. Those modifications allow the user to obtain different functionalities for the resolution of different problems that might appear in the development of a new project. In our case, we have 5 different stations that form an unique assembly set which final objective is to reach a continuous operation of the system.","Testu honetan gure fakultatean lokatutako automatizazio laborategiko FMS-200 sistema modularrean egindako eguneratze, optimizazio eta hobekuntza lanei buruz hitz egingo dugu. Sistema honek daukan egitura modularrari esker, software, hardware eta komunikazio aldaketak egin daitezke, funtzionalitate ezberdinak lortu ahal izateko arlo akademiko zein industrialean eta proiektu berri batean agertu daitezken arazoei aurre egiteko. Gure kasuan, 5 zatitan banatzen da muntaketa sistema, nun multzoaren helburu nagusia sistemaren funtzionamendu jarraitua lortzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36611,2019-11-28,"In recent decadesthe use of the Internet has increased significantly and in parallel also the relationshipsbetween Autonomous Systems, which are the entities that constitute Internet. However, nowadays companies have so many links that the traffic sent by them is almost impossible to control. In this project the current situation of the technological world is studied and a design, implementation and software deployment is proposed as a solution. In this Endof Degree Project, a system that monitors and supervises the traffic that is exchanged between Autonomous Sytems that have peering type relationships is developed. For that, the system must control such traffic in real time, automatically and continously, withoutthe intervention of any human being.In addition, it will also be able to detect configuration errors,both in the internal system of the organizationand in external organizations, proposing a quick response as a correction.","Azken hamarkadetan, Interneten erabilera nabarmen handitu da, eta era berean, Sistema Autonomoen, Internet osatzen duten entitateen, artekoharremanak. Hori dela eta, gaur egungo enpresek elkar trukatutako trafikoa kontrolatzea ia ezinezkoa da, lotura kantitate handiaren ondorioz. Proiektu honetangaur egungo teknologiaren egoera aztertzen da eta irtenbide gisa software baten diseinua, inplementazioa eta hedapena proposatzen dira. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan peering motatako harremana duten Sistema Autonomoek trukatzen duten trafikoa monitorizatu eta gainbegiratzen duen sistema garatzen da.Horretarako sistemak trafiko hau denbora errealean eta modu automatiko eta etengabean kontrolatu beharko du, gizakiaren parte hartzerik gabe. Gainera, konfigurazio akatsak antzemateko gai izango da, bai erakundearenbarne-sisteman, zein kanpo erakundeetan, zuzenketa moduan erantzun azkar bat proposatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23346,2017-09,"In this document, the analysis of the deep drawing process of a front vehicle fender will be exposed. This analysis aims the first step of the design of the tools by using the simulation software PamStamp 2G. This kind of computer programs has become necessary in the competitive automotive field as it reduces the time of production and guarantees the minimum quality requirements as well. The main parameters that ensure the correct creation of the drawing tools will be accomplished starting from the IGES of the part. It must be able to generate a fender free from wrinkles, cracks and excessive thinning.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan auto baten aurreko hegalaren enbutizio prozesuarenanalisia egingo da. Analisi hau lanabesen diseinuaren lehen fasean zentratuko da, PamStamp 2G simulazio software erabiliz. Honelako programen erabilera bidea zabaltzen joan da automobilgintzaren ingurune guztiz lehiakorraren barruan. Produkzio eta diseinu denboren erredukzioa nabarmendu da, kalitate baldintza minimo batzuk bermatzea buruan izanez. Fabrikatuko den hegalaren IGES-etik hasita, lanabes egokia emango duten parametro nagusiek zehaztuko dira. Lanabes hau zimurdura, apurketa eta sekulako argaltzerik gabeko pieza kreatzeko gai izan behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29227,2018-10-23,"ABSTRACT This project is regarded as the Degree Ending Project of the student, which will enable him to complete his Degree in Industrial Technology Engineering in the University of the Basque Country. It will develop the process sheet for the machining of an automotive crankshaft, starting from the forge geometry of the element until it reaches the form it must have just one step before it can be used in the vehicle. For that purpose, the component will be previously analysed, in order to study its geometry, material and the possible operations that can be done on it. Later, there will be indicated the machinery, tools and parameters which are necessary in the process, elaborating the process-sheet from the obtained results.","LABURPENA Lan hau ikaslearen Gradu Amaierako Lana bezala aurkezten da, zeinen bitartez “Industria Teknologiaren Ingeniaritza” Gradua amaitzea lortuko duen Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatean. Bertan auto baten birabarkiaren mekanizaziorako prozesu- orria garatuko da, bere forjako geometriatik abiatuz erabilgarria izan baino pausu bat lehenagoko forma emateko egin beharreko mekanizazio eragiketak adieraziz. Horretarako, piezaren aurreanalisi bate egingo da, geometria, materiala, eta egin diezazkieken operazioak aztertzeko. Honela, bakoitza aurrera eramateko beharko diren makineria, erremintak, eta parametroak zehazten dira, lortutako emaitzekin prozesu-orria garatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29459,2018-10-31,"Companies have always been aware of the importance of intangible assets. With the emergence of the Internet and web 2.0, the concept of online reputation began to be analyzed. The importance that has acquired over time has led to analyze the online reputation management in terms of the survival of the company. In this way, this study has analyzed the main concepts of online reputation management. Likewise, the instruments to evaluate this reputation are presented, and the design of a monitoring system it is proposed.","Enpresak beti ohartu izan dira aktibo ukiezinek izan duten garrantziaz. Internet eta Web 2.0aren sorrerakin batera, ospe digitalaren kontzeptua hasi zen aztertzen. Denborarekin hartu duen indarrak, ospe digitalaren kudeaketak berebiziko garrantzia hartzea bultzatu du, enpresaren biziraupenari dagokionean. Hala, lan honetan, ospe digitalaren kudeaketako kontzeptu garrantzitsuenak aztertu egin dira. Aldi berean, ospe digitala ebaluatzeko tresnak azaldu dira, eta ospe digitala monitorizatzeko sistema baten diseinua proposatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25139,2003,"The establishment of an international jurisdiction has been considered an exigency to punish the responsibles for collective crimes that have shaken the universal conscience, like crimes against humanity or the genocide. The 17 of July of 1998 the Internarional Criminal Court was established by a treaty, the Rome Statute, to promote the primacy of the Law and to guarantee the punishment of the most serious international crimes. But, the effectiveness of an international jurisdiction can be demonstrated only when exist the adequate procedures to discover and to persecute the people in charge of this kind of crimes.","Nazioarteko jurisdikzio baten beharra nabarmena izan da ekintza kriminal kolektiboen erantzuleak zigortzeko. 1998ko uztailaren 17an Nazioarteko Epaitegi penala eratu zen, tratatu baten bidez eratu zen, Romako Estatutua, zuzenbidearen gaitasun eta nagusitasuna lortzea zuen helburu. Helburua krimenik gogorrenak eta nazioartean ematen zirenak hain zuzen ere zigorrik gabe ez geratzea zen. Hala ere, ezingo da nazioarteko jurisdikzio penal baten balioa mirestu, krimenen erantzuleak penalki zigotu ezin diren bitartean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29467,2018-10-31,"The aim of the project is to develop a marketing plan due to analyse the idea about launching a new business company, which has an innovative role. This Final Degree Project (FDP) will decide about the decision of creating the new enterprise by being able to detect todays and further necessities of the potential clients (industrial companies). The creation of the new enterprise has the objective to develop a new Application to ensure the companies to establish connections in order to have common benefits. The name of the Application is Partalk, the same as the company. In order to search their ideal partner, the companies can register in the Application and give their contact details to enable other enterprises to see them and contact with them to establish their common commercial relation. According to the wide range of location areas to do it, initially, the plan is focus in the region of the Basque Country so it will possible to create connections between the different industries. Due to the plan, the benefits of it will be very interesting to search because it is not only to talk about the viability of the company; it is also to be considered as a guide for the little companies who just entered in the market. It is not easy to settle a marketing plan and less if the company has to arrange all the resources, not only to improve its position in the market but also to start to develop the idea it self During the project, the competitors inside the Application market will be analysed such as the range of Applications already in the market as well as other exhibitions which are done all over the country, where companies can go to show their products and services. According to the result of the inner and outsider analysis, with a DAFO matrix, the strategies and plans to follow based on the characteristics of the company, complemented with the study of the potential risks. Because of the recent changes in the marketing science, the project contents a digital marketing plan is also going to be done so the comparison between both plans is possible and, in view of the facts, explain the deductions that have been reached to make the decision to carry out or not the idea. This idea is developed with concepts like the e-commerce and ""the internet of things"". Summing up, this believed that this Digital Marketing has a positive impact for all the enterprises due to the recent importance of the virtual world.","Proiektu honek enpresa teknologiko berri baten Marketin Plana egitea du helburu. Gradu Amaierako Proiektu (GAP) honek, enpresaren bideragarritasuna ikertzeko balio du. Partalk izeneko enpresa berri hau aplikazio mobil bat da eta sektore industrialeko enpresen artean merkataritza harrenak ahalbidetzeko balio du. Helburu nagusia enpresek beraien kide idealak aurkitzea da, eta horretarako sail industrialeko enpresak erregistratzen dira beraiei buruzko informazioa emanez. Horrela, enpresak beraien artean harremanetan jar daitezke eta partners bilakatu. Enpresek aplikazioari beraien informazioa ematen diote. Beste enpresa batzuek haien perfilak eta ezaugarriak ikus ditzakete eta ondo iruditzen bazaizkie, harremanetan jartzen dira. Proiektuak, lehenik eta behin Bizkaiko enpresak ikertuko ditu eta gero, posiblea izango litzateke beste lurralde zein sektoreetara hedatzea. Garrantzitsua da Partalk merkatu sail berrietara zabaltzea eta aztertzea ea arrakasta izango duen bertan, honek erabakiko baitu aplikazio berriaren onarpena eta ondorioz beraren iraunkortasuna. Proiektu honen beste helburuetako bat enpresa txikiek beraien Marketin Planak ezartzeko erraztasunak eskaintzea da edota zeukatena berristea, horrela, aurrera jarraitzeko ahaleginak bateratuz. Proiektuan zehar, merkatuko lehiakide posibleak aztertzen dira, gaur egun existitzen diren App ezberdinak eta estatu mailan burutzen diren feriak. DAFO matrizearen bidez, estrategiak zein enpresa motaren arabera jarraituz beharreko ekimen planak finkatzen dira, egon daitezkeen arriskuez gain. Azken aldian Marketin munduan gertatutako aldakuntzen ondorioz, enpresa barruko Marketin Plan digitalaren garapena ahalbidetzen duten zenbait jarraibide azaltzen dira. Plan digitalak kontsumitzaileen tendentziak biltzen ditu momentuan, bezeroek interneten egiten dituzten bilaketen arabera. Ideia hau e – commerce eta 'el internet de las cosas'-en bidez garatzen da. Marketin Plan honek eragin onuragarria du gaur egun existitzen diren enpresetan, mundu birtualak duen garrantziagatik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55047,2022-01-18,"In Social Welfare, we need to be able to open up different areas and deepen into those that are previously open. This investigation, was intended to examine the conditions of life of women in jails in the Spanish State. In other words, female prisoners have been investigated for the change in conditions of life in prison, for characteristics and for the various processes they may undergo. In order to accomplish this, a qualitative methodology has been used which has been the instrument of conversation. Results show that, in the jails of the Spanish State, the living conditions of women in different fields (education, formation, hygiene, leisure) are completely inadequate.","Gizarte Hezkuntzan, jardun eremu ezberdinak zabaldu eta aurretik irekita daudenetan sakontzea beharrezko dugu. Honetarako, Espainiar Estatuko kartzeletan emakumeek dituzten bizi baldintzak aztertzea izan da ikerketa honen xede. Hau da, emakume presoak, kartzelan izan ditzaken bizi baldintzen aldaketa, ezaugarri eta jasan dezaketen prozesu ezberdinak ikertu dira. Hau burutzeko, metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da, elkarrizketa izan delarik erabilitako tresna. Ateratako emaitzek erakusten dute, Espainiar Estatuko kartzeletan, emakumeek dituzten bizi baldintzak alor ezberdinetan (hezkuntza, formakuntzan, higienean, aisian…) desegokiak direla." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16309,2015-12-02,"This Project intends to develop a new parallel manipulator whose kinematic chain is based in a loop closure with five rotational pairs, which moves over one plane, in order to manipulate objects on a workspace which has defined previously. Firstly, the designs are done with CAD programs and then, the design and assembly drawings are generated with the purpose of fabricate it.","Proiektu hau kate itxiko mekanismo batean oinarritutako manipulatzaile paralelo batean datza. Manipulatzaile honek, bost errotazio pare ditu. Aurrez definitutako lan espazio baten barruan mugitzen da eta, gainera, ez da bere plano horizontalatik mugituko. Horretarako, CAD disenuak egiten dira. Amaitzeko, robotaren muntaketako planoak sortzen dira, geroago diseinua errealitatera eramateko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19426,2016-10-26,"The aim of this final grade project is to estimate the amount of fuel necessary to supply a possible future nuclear fusion power plant in Euskadi and to study the process of obtaining this fuel. The plant will have a 2GW power deuterium-tritium Tokamak reactor that will satisfy the electrical energy demand in Euskadi. Firstly, the plasma has been sized by comparing it to the ITER project. Secondly it has been decided to install a breeding-blanket of beryllium and lithium that will produce tritium from the neutrons produced in the fusion reaction. Finally, different procedures have been analyzed in order to obtain the fuel and an indicative fuelling budget has been carried out.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua etorkizunean Euskadin kokatutako energia elektrikoa ekoitziko lukeen fusio planta posible bat hornitzeko beharrezko erregaiaren kalkulua egitea eta erregai hori lortzeko bideak aztertzea izan da. Plantak 2GW-ko potentziadun deuterio-tritio Tokamak erreaktorea izango du, Euskadiko eskari energetikoa asetzeko gai izango dena. Lehenik eta behin plasma dimentsionatu egin da ITER proiektuarekin konparaketa bat eginez. Ondoren berilio eta litiozko breeding blanket bat instalatzea erabaki da, fusioan sortutako neutroiei esker tritioa ekoitziko duena. Azkenik erregaiak lortzeko bide ezberdinak aztertu egin dira eta haien lorpenerako aurrekontu hurbila garatu egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25257,2002,"The harm reduction policies and practices display some differences depending on the European Union countries. At once, and from a global point of view, it is possible to observe the common tendency in these countries of which drug policy aims at a free society, but accepting the importance of the measures that limit the risks and harm caused by drugs. The coexistence of the international conventions and the activities of harm reduction is not easy, but the support granted by the scientific community to these practices is a decisive element for its political approval.","Europar Batasuna osatzen duten estatu ezberdinek modu diferenteetan tratatzen dituzte min eta arriskua murrizteko politikak. Ikuspegi global batetik esan daiteke, danek gizarte libre batetara bideratzen dituztela drogei buruzko politikak, baina drogek eragindako min eta arriskuak murrizteko programak duten garrantziak onartuaz. Nazioarteko batzarren eta min eta arrisku murrizketen arteko elkarbizitza ez da erraza, baina zientziak ematen dion babesa oso garrantzitsua da politikoek onartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25615,1993,"People convicted to a prison penalty, as well as the Judges who pronounced their sentences, know that a penitentiary system whose core is prison, consolidates the criminal status of the convicted, and it becomes a source of victimation for the victimizers.","Bai presondegi zigorrari beharluta daudenek, bai halen epaiak eman zituzten epaileek badakite gartzelako sistema batek, zeinen ardatza espetxea da, zigortuaren gaizkile status-a sendotu egiten duela eta biktimarioen biktimazio iturria bihurtzen dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72741,2025-02-13,"The main goal of this project relies on developing an innovative solution to improve the quality of 3D concrete printing. In order to achieve that, a sensor will be used to detect the geometrical characteristics of the print with the goal of finding its imperfections as well as its true dimensions. Furthermore, this study seeks to develop a reliable and effective ecosystem that can be used to improve the quality of the printed piece, having mentioned sensor as the main axis of the system. After the implementation of the peripherals proposed in this project, the control over 3DCP (3D Concrete Printing) processes will greatly improve and the real measurements of the printed piece will be determined with remarkable ease. After analyzing various 3D printing processes, the object for study of this project will be the total width of each printed layer.","Azterlan honen helburu nagusia zementuz inprimatutako 3D piezen kalitatea hobetzeko metodoen garapenean datza. Horretarako, inprimatzen den piezaren ezaugarri geometrikoak detektatzeko gai den sentsore bat erabiliko da, piezaren akatsak eta dimentsio errealak esleitu ahal izateko. Proiektu honen bidez, produktu inprimatuen kalitatea hobetzeko ekosistema eraginkorra eta fidagarria garatzeko metodorik egokiena zehaztu nahi da, aipatutako sentsorea izanik sistemaren ardatz nagusia. Lan honetan deskribatutako sistema inplementatu ondoren, 3DCP (3D Concrete Printing) prozesuen kontrola erraztuko da, eta oso erraz zehaztu ahal izango da inprimatutako piezen benetako dimentsionamendua eta ezpurutasunak aurkitzea. 3Dko hainbat inprimaketa-prozesu aztertu ondoren, geruza bakoitzaren zabalera osoa zehaztu da azterketa-helburu gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25904,2018-03-22,"Through this end-grade work the importance of emotional education has been worked, because it has positive implications in the students´ teaching-learning process. Even so, it is not an issue that has been properly carried out in schools, and according to the investigations, teachers do not have either the necessary preparation. Because of it, this end-grade work has been proposed in Primary Education (7-8 years) and the project called ""The world of emotions"" has been carried out in a public school in Bizkaia. Through this, we work on emotional competences individually, from the point of view of Emotional Intelligence.","Gradu Amaierako lan (GrAL) honen bidez hezkuntza emozionalaren garratzia landu da. Izan ere, ikasleen irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesuetan inplikazio positibo nabariak ditu. Hala ere, oraindik ez da eskoletan oso ondo hedaturiko gaia, eta egin diren ikerketen arabera, irakasleek berek ez dute oraindik prestakuntza nahikorik. Gai honetan sakontzeko asmoz, GrAL honetan Lehen Hezkuntzan (7- 8 urte) ""Emozioen Mundua"" deituriko proiektu berritzaile bat planteatu eta Bizkaiko eskola publiko batean martxan jarri da. Material didaktiko honek, konpetentzia emozionalak lantzeko helburua dauka Adimen Emozionalen ikuspegitik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59990,2023-02-20,"With the aim of promoting the transmission of Basque cultural heritage in schools, a didactic proposal has been created and carried out in this work. It has been dedicated to musical heritage, focusing on knowledge of Basque instruments. The elaboration has been channelled from English classes. The results have made it clear that interdisciplinarity has been the appropriate channel for tackling this subject. With a view to the future, it has become clear that there is a need to continue to develop this type of work in greater depth.","Euskal kultura-ondarearen transmisioa eskolan bultzatzeko asmoz, lan honetan proposamen didaktiko bat sortu eta aurrera eraman da. Musika-ondarearen inguruan aritu da eta, zehazki, euskal instrumentuen ezagutzan zentratuz. Lanketa ingeles klaseetatik bideratu da. Emaitzek argi utzi dute diziplinartekotasuna gai hau jorratzeko bide egokia izan dela. Etorkizunari begira, halako lanketetan sakontzen jarraitzeko beharra agerian geratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31925,2019-03-07,"For this final project, we have created a didactic proposal to examine the effects of music education on infants. We will discuss the importance of music on infants with the age range of 0-6 and the benefits to their development. Through the creation of a musical story and other activities, we will incorporate music into infant education. The musical story will introduce three important composers and musical instruments, and integrate musical concepts into our proposed activities. Key Words: Musical story, music, infant education, didactic proposal, global learning","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Haur Hezkuntzan musika lantzeko proposamen didaktiko bat luzatzen da. Musika hezkuntzak 0-6 etapan duen garrantzia eta umeen garapenean dituen onurak azalduta. Sortutako ipuin musikala eta proposatutako hainbat jardueren bidez, musika Haur Hezkuntzako geletara hurbilduko dugu. Ipuin musikalean hiru musikagile garrantzitsuen bizitzak eta instrumentuak ezagutzeaz gain, kontzeptu musikalak landuko dira proposatutako jardueretan. Hitz-gakoak: Ipuin musikala, Musika, Haur Hezkuntza, proposamen didaktikoa, ikaskuntza globala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25116,2004,"Between young people the activities of hatred or violence are specific and accidental episodes. Nevertheless, in the great political polarization situations, as happens in the Basque Country, some young people movements can be catched by programs of extreme policy. Opposed to violent actions committed by juvenile groups, like the supporters of ETA, the police answer sometimes displays some deficiencies. Faced with this fact, some of the aspects that would have to improve of the police interventions that are made in this context are suggested, bearing in mind that the police measures are not the exclusive problem solution.","Gazteen artean gorroto eta biolentzia ekintzak oso puntuaka izaten dira. Baina Euskal Herrian, polarizazio politikoaren ondorioz, gazte batzuk programa politiko zorrotzen eskuetan erortzen dira. ETA inguruan mugitzen diren gazte talde batzuren biolentziaren aurrean, poliziaren jokabidea ez da kasu guztietan berdina izaten. Arazo hauen ondorioz poliziaren ekintzak hobetzeko puntu batzuk azaltzen dira, hala ere garbi uzten da, arazo hauen konponketa neurri polizialekin bakarrik ezin direla konpondu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41378,2020-02-20,"There is a great lack of studies on the internalization level of gender roles in people with psychic functional diversity. The objective of this work is to compare the internalization of gender roles in people with intellectual disabilities and in people without intellectual disabilities. For this purpose, has been used qualitative methodology, being the interview the used instrument. The results show that this collective has interiorized gender stereotypes in a higher level than the rest of the population. This result leads to think about the need of an education with gender perspective guided to this collective.","Ikerketa falta handia dago aniztasun funtzional psikikoa duten pertsonen genero rolen barneratzeari buruz. Lan honen helburua desgaitasun intelektuala duten eta desgaitasun intelektuala ez duten pertsonen genero rol barneratze maila alderatzea da. Horretarako, metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da eta erabilitako tresna elkarrizketa izan da. Emaitzak frogatzen dute kolektibo honek genero estereotipoak gainerako biztanleria baino barneratuago dutela. Honek kolektibo horri zuzendutako genero ikuspegia duen hezkuntza beharrezkoa dela agerian uzten du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17652,2016-03-16,"Nowadays, unfortunately, physical self-awareness of students is not given enough importance, and this concept should be strengthened. For this reason, it is designed and conducted with a group of students, this field work in order to produce a change in themselves. So, through the exercises designed, they have developed their level of reasoning and their emotional level. Considering that changes take a long time to be noticed, through this procedure they have not given large or significant changes. However, it has managed to make students value respect to the others. For this reason, once the field work carried out, a self-criticism about what happened has been made.","Gaur egungo eskoletan, oraindik ere, zoritxarrez, behar besteko garrantzirik ematen ez zaion eta sendotu behar den ikasleen autoezagutza fisikoaren inguruan, honako landa-lana diseinatu eta ikasleekin burutu egin da, hauengan aldaketa bat sortarazteko asmoarekin. Horretarako, prestatutako ariketa desberdinen bitartez, ikasleen arrazonamendu maila, baita maila emozionala ere landu egin da. Kontuan izanda, autoezagutzan, aldaketak epe luzean ematen direla, esku-hartze honen bidez ez dira aldaketa handirik edo esanguratsurik nabarmendu. Dena den, errespetuaren balorea ikasleengan transmititzea lortu egin da. Hori dela eta, landa lana burutu eta gero, egindakoaren inguruan, autokritika egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16467,2015-12-15,"Aeronautical industry has recently became in one of the most innovative sectors. One characteristic of this sector is that it demands a wide range of materials with unique properties, such as Ni-base superalloys MAR M247 and C1023, which are new materials that seem to have an ideal behavior for use in turbines. The aim of this project is to obtain in only one document all the information regarding not only theoretical information but empirical data. The project can be structured in two parts: researching the maximum quantity of information and making some experimental assays with samples.","aeronautika industria sektorerik berritzaileenetako bat bihurtu da azkenaldian. Sektore honek daukan ezaugarrienatariko bat hauxe da: aparteko propietateak dituen material sorta handia eskatzen duela, hala nola, MARM247 eta C1023 Ni base superaleazioek turbinetan erabiltzeko portaera ezin hobea daukatenak. Proiektu honen helburua dokumentu bakar batean material hauei buruz ahalik eta datu teoriko eta enpiriko gehien lortzea da. Proiektua bi zatitan zatitu daiteke: informazio ikerketa eta laginekin entseguak egitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59980,2023-02-20,"School spaces have multiple uses, and their dynamic nature must be emphasized. The same room and school must be moved to meet the needs of the students at the moment in order to achieve the most effective process of teaching. This work provides the theorization around school spaces, showing their didactic value and its presence in the curriculum. Along with this, a website has been created based on the previous two elements to provide a range of practical and theoretical resources for schools and teachers in the Basque Country.","Eskolako espazioek erabilera anitzak dituzte, eta haien izaera dinamikoa azpimarratu behar da. Gela eta eskola bera aldatu behar da ikasleen momentuko beharrizanetara, ikas-irakas prozesua eraginkorrena lortzeko. Lan honen bitartez eskolako espazioen inguruko teorizazioa eskaintzen da, hauen balio didaktikoa agerian utziz eta honek curriculumean duen presentzia kokatuz. Horrekin batera, webgune bat sortu da aurreko bi elementuetan oinarrituz, Euskal Herriko eskola eta irakasle-ekipoentzat baliabide praktiko eta teoriko sorta bat eskaintzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57139,2022-08-02,"In an increasingly environmentally conscious society, there is a need to reduce the consumption and environmental impact of the non-renewable high-performance polymers used in today's life due to their versatility and better properties than other materials such as mechanical and thermal. In this context, in this Master's thesis materials composed of the thermoplastic elastomer called styrene-b- (ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene (SEBS) and a renowable filler agent called cellulose were developed with the intention of maintaining, and even improving, its most significant properties for potential applications such as the automotive industry and sensors. Cellulose was selected because of its great interest in the industrial field caused by different reasons: it is a natural source and, also, considerably reduces the production cost despite the fact that it generally contributes to the deterioration of certain properties. This results in the search for a balance between all these qualities. In addition, in polymer blends it is important to consider their chemical nature, which must be similar. Because of their characteristics: SEBS is hydrophobic and cellulose hydrophilic, one of the two materials must be modified. Therefore, two types of modifications were studied: cellulose derivatives with apolar groups to be similar to apolar SEBS and the maleic anhydride grafted SEBS (SEBS-g-MA) to increase its polarity. Once the most suitable materials were selected, a series of SEBS and SEBS-g-MA based films were prepared in which the different celluloses were incorporated with different concentrations, and a study of the morphological, structural, mechanical, thermal and electrical properties was carried out using various techniques: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), tensile testing, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetryc analysis (TGA) and dielectric measurements. This made it possible to identify which cellulose precursors and charge contents are the most suitable and interesting from the SEBS applicability point of view. In the morphological characterisation, the immiscibility of the materials was observed, as well as the existence of voids between the filler and the matrix, becoming more noticeable with the increasing of the filler agent content. This caused a decrease in the mechanical properties of the blends films compared to the pure copolymer film due to the lower stress transfer, although, depending on the materials, these properties loss is of different degree. Regarding the thermal properties, the immiscibility was reflected by the occurrence of each characteristic temperature with almost no change. Thermal stability also decreased due to the introduction of the biopolymer with lower resistance to degradation. However, the filling agent caused a positive effect on the electrical properties so that the conductivity increased. In the case of SEBS and ethylcellulose blends, since the decrease in elongation at break and Young's modulus compared to the other films was minor, while the electrical properties were improved, these blends were concluded to be the most promising. Finally, with the idea of obtaining a sustainable material with similar properties to commercial EC, the aim was to extract cellulose from agricultural waste such as poplar and functionalise it by adding bromoethane. The extraction and functionalisation was followed using TGA and FTIR techniques in order to confirm that the desired product was obtained. These techniques established that parameters such as the concentration of sodium hydroxide and temperature not only help the method but also degrade the cellulose, so it is necessary to deal with different parameters until the product is obtained with a viable yield.","Ingurumenaz gero eta kontzientziatuago dagoen gizarte honetan, errendimendu handiko polimero ez- berriztagarrien kontsumoa eta ingurumen-inpaktua murrizteko beharra dago. Izan ere, gaur egungo bizitzan hain erabiliak diren polimero ez-berriztagarri hauek, aldakortasun handia dute eta beste materialen aldean propietate hobeak dituzte, hala nola mekanikoak eta termikoak. Testuinguru honetan, Master Lan honetan, elastomero termoplastiko-estireno-b-(etileno-ko-butileno)-b- estirenoaz (SEBS) jatorri naturaleko betegarri batekin osatutako materialak garatu ziren. Zelulosa hautatu zen betegarri bezala. Izan ere, zelulosak interes handia du industria-eremuan, jatorri naturalekoa baita, eta, gainera, ekoizpen-kostua murrizten du eta. Nahiz eta horrela izan, osagarri honek, interes handiko propietate batzuk murriztu ditzake. Horren ondorioz, ezaugarri horien guztien arteko oreka bilatzen da. Gainera, polimeroen propietateak kontuan hartu behar izan ziren, antzekoak izan behar dira eta nahasketak egiteko orduan. Testuinguru horretan, SEBS hidrofobikoa eta zelulosa hidrofilikoa direnez, bi materialetako bat aldatu egin behar izan zen. Beraz, bi aldaketa mota aztertu ziren: zelulosaren deribatuak apolar taldeekin SEBS apolarra eta SEBS anhidrido maleikoarekin (SEBS- g-MA) funtzionalizatua antzekoak izateko, polaritatea handitzeko. Material egokienak hautatu ondoren, SEBS eta SEBS-g-MA oinarri hartuta hainbat film prestatu ziren. Horietan, zelulosa desberdinak nahastu ziren, kontzentrazio desberdinekin. Propietate morfologiko, mekaniko, termiko eta elektrikoen azterketa egin zen, ondorengo teknikak erabiliz: Mikroskopia Elektronikoa (SEM), Fourier Transformatu Infragorrien Espektroskopia (FTIR), trakzio-probak, Eskanetze Kalorimetria Diferentziala (DSC), Termogravimetria (TGA) eta neurketa dielektrikoak. Horri esker, SEBSaren aplikagarritasunaren ikuspegitik, zelulosa aitzindari propietateak eta karga edukiak kontuan hartuta, interesgarrienak identifikatu ahal izan ziren. Karakterizazio morfologikoetan materialen immiszibilitatea ikusi zen eta betelanaren eta matrizearen artako hutsuneak ere. Hustune hauek nabarmenagoak bihurtzen ziren osagarrien edukiak gehienenduz. Horrek nahasketen filmen propietate mekanikoak murriztea eragin zuen; kopolimero puruaren filmarekin alderatuta, tentsio- transferentzia txikiagoa zen. Propietate termikoei dagokienez, inmiszibilitatea konponente bakoitzaren tenperatura bereizgarrien agerpenarekin islatu zen, ia aldaketarik gabe. Egonkortasun termikoak ere murriztu egin zen, degradazioarekiko erresistentzia txikiago zuen biopolimeroa sartu zelako. Hala ere, betegarri agenteak eragin positiboa izan zuen propietate elektrikoetan eroankortasuna areagotu egin zuelako. SEBS eta etilzelulosa (EC) sistemaren kasuan, haustura- elongazioaren eta Youngen moduluaren murrizketa aurkeztu zuen gainerako filmekin alderatuta nahiz eta garrantzi gutxiagokoa izan. Propietate elektrikoak hobetu egin zirenez, nahaste horiek etorkizun handienekoak zirela ondorioztatu zen. Azkenik, EC komertzialaren antzeko propietateak dituen material jasangarri bat lortzeko asmoz, nekazaritzako hondakinetatik (makala, esaterako) zelulosa ateratzen saiatu zen, bromoetanoa erabiliz funtzionalizatu ahal izateko. Erauzketa eta funtzionalizazioa TGA eta FTIR tekniken bidez egin zen, nahi zen produktua lortu zela baieztatzeko. Horien bidez zenbait parametro kontuan hartu behar zirela baieztatu zen. Sodio hidroxidoaren kontzentrazioa eta tenperatura nahiz eta prozesua lagundu, zelulosaren degradazioa eragin zuten. Hori kontuan hartuta, parametro desberdinekin egin beharko litzateke probak, produktua etekin bideragarriarekin lortu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59929,2023-02-16,"Climate change is advancing at a rapid pace, so the implementation of sustainable solutions is crucial for society to prosper and to protect the environment. Among these remedies, renewable energies are currently gaining importance, as they slow down the worsening of the climate crisis and prevent major risks to humanity. However, these technologies are not exempt from causing alterations to the environment, but these impacts can be regulated thanks to Environmental Impact Assessments and Studies. At present, carrying out such a study requires a very long time interval. For this reason, this work will develop a method that will help to perform these studies more quickly.","Klima aldaketa gero eta azkarrago gertatzen ari denez, ingurunearekin jasangarriak diren konponbideak hartzea ezinbestekoa da, gizarteak aurrera jarraitu ahal izateko eta ingurumena babesteko. Soluzio horien artean energia berriztagarriek protagonismo handia dute gaur egun, krisi klimatikoaren okertzea geldiarazten eta gizateria arrisku handiengandik prebenitzen baitute. Dena den, teknologia hauek kalteak eragin ditzakete ingurunean, baina eragin horiek ingurumen-inpaktuaren azterketen eta ebaluazioen bidez kontrolatu daitezke. Gaur egun, denbora-tarte luzea eman behar da gisa honetako azterketa bat egiteko. Horregatik, lan honetan azterketa hauek modu laburragoan egitea ahalbidetuko duen metodologia bat garatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26883,1996,"Starting from a meeting in Pio´s house, the singular human magnitude of Julio Caro Baroja is described. Independent and incorruptible intellectual, his principal interest was the discovery of the truth. For this reason he was considered an exemplary upright intellectual, persecuting forever a scientific and reasonable arranged knowledge.","On Julio Caro Barojari omenaldi bezala, On Pio Barojaren etxean izandako bigira bat dela eta bileta bat azaltzen da, Caro jaunaren berezi giza-dimensioa ezagutzeko balio duena. Intelektual independiente eta ustel-ezina, egiaren aurkitzea zen bere kezka nagusia. Hori dela eta intelentual zuzentzat hartzen zaio, beti Arrazoiari lotutako eta Zientziak zuzendutako jakintza lortzen saiatzen dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25556,1996,"Offences commited by children cause serious and new problems and society can't find the appropriate orientation to solve these conflicts. These harmful actions and their etiology must be studied from a serious, neither stigmatizing, nor punitive perspective. Documentos of United Nations and the Council of Europe, as well as specific researches could help in overcoming the young offender's conflict, who is also often a victim of delinquency.","Adingabekoek egindako urrapenek arazo larri eta berriak sortzen dituzte, eta gizarteak ez da aurkitzen arazo horiek konpontzeko dagoion bidea. Ikuspegi serio batetik, baino ez estigmatizantea ezta zigorkorra ere ikertu behar dira ekintza hauek eta bere etiologia. Nazio Batuen eta Europako Kontseiluaren agiriek eta espezialisten ikerketek adingabeko infraktorearen arazoa gainditzera lagun dezakete, kontutan hartuz sarritan adingabeko infraktorea delitugiletzaren biktima dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24371,2011,"In recent years, the Spanish Autonomous Communities-law and legislation have developed several regulations to complement the aids provided by the State to victims of terrorism. Following the path opened up in 1998 by the Autonomous Communities of the Basque Country and Navarre, and continued subsequently by others, the Region of Murcia passed the Victims of Terrorism Compensation Act of the Region of Murcia (Act 7/2009, November 2). The aim of this paper is to analyse the scope and content of the full compensation for the victim as an object of the aforesaid act, within the frame of the constitutional, national and international legislation.","Azken urteetan, Espainiako zuzenbide autonomikoaren arlotik, estatuak ezarritako terrorismoaren biktimei laguntzak emateari eta horiek osatzeari buruzko arauak egiteko joera sendo bat abiarazi da. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoak eta Nafarroak 1998an hasi zuten bide hori, eta beste batzuek ere jarraitu zioten; esaterako, Murtziako Autonomia Erkidegoak 2009ko azaroaren 2ko 7/2009 Legea onartu zuen, Murtziako Terrorismoaren Biktimei Laguntzeari buruzkoa. Artikulu honen helburua arau horren xede gisa biktimaren osatze integralaren norainokoa eta edukia aztertzea da, kausa horri dagokion konstituzioko, nazioko eta nazioarteko erregulazioaren esparruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47722,2020-11-04,"The goal of this Project is to value the waste produced in the elaboration of the olive oil by a biomass plant. To fullfil that, a Rankine cycle is needed in which the fuel is dried olive pomace obtained from olive oil extraction. A detailed description and sizing of the plant will be included. In order to figure out the size of a Project like this an economic análisis is attached.","Proiektu hau oliba olio birjina ekoizteko biomasa planta baten bidez ekoizten diren hondakinak energia berreskuratzeko helburuarekin egiten da. Horretarako, Rankinaren zikloa erabiliko da, eta erregai hori erauzteko oliotik lortutako oliba-lehor lehorra eta ateratakoa izango da. Lantegiaren eta haren tamainaren deskribapen zehatza jasoko da, halako proiektu baten magnitudea kalkulatzeko azterketa ekonomikoa ere barne." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72742,2025-02-13,"The aim of this work is to model the UPV/EHU Leioa Campus using the BIM methodology. The proposal is presented as a starting point for creating a digital twin that promotes the sustainability and efficiency of the campus. It has been modelled in detail the basic infrastructure, the rectory building and the surface of the earth, and in less detail the other buildings. For the modelling of these structures, the Autodesk Revit 2024 software used by BIM technology has been used. Based on the above data, the Campus has been modelled in 3D. Through modelling, the benefits and uses that this project can bring to these facilities have been analysed, including improvements in sustainability and maintenance.","Lan honen helburua UPV/EHU-ko Leioako Campusa BIM metodologia bidez modelizatzea da. Campusaren iraunkortasuna eta eraginkortasuna sustatuko dituen biki digital bat sortzeko abiapuntu gisa aurkezten da proposamena. Oinarrizko azpiegiturak, Errektoretzaren eraikina eta lurrazala xehetasunez modelizatu ditudira, eta xehetasun txikiagoz gainerako eraikinak. Aipatutako egiturak modelizatzeko, BIM teknologia erabiltzen duen Autodesk Revit 2024 softwarea erabili da gehienbat. Aurretik adierazitako datuetatik abiatuta, Campusa 3Dn modelizatu da. Modelizazioaren bitartez, proiektu honek instalazio horiei ekar diezazkiekeen onurak eta erabilerak aztertu dira, besteak beste, jasangarritasunean eta mantentze-lanetan egindako hobekuntzak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/66687,2024-04-15,"In a world where people’s opinions are increasingly valued, institutions seek to unders-tand and satisfy the needs of their users. Surveys offer an outside perspective that helps to identify areas for improvement. The UPV/EHU has been proactive in using surveys to gather student opinions, but now there is a need to move towards a more efficient digital system. The previously mentioned aspects confirm the fundamental role that surveys play in this context. This is where the SiREnO project was born (Sistema de Recogida de Encuestas Online) which means, “Online Survey Collection System”; an online system that seeks to revolutionize the assessment process, providing students with a more acces-sible and effective way to express their opinions. This work will address the challenges and benefits of the transition to a telematics system.","Jendearen iritziak gero eta gehiago baloratzen diren mundu honetan, erakundeek era-biltzaileen beharrak ulertu eta asetzea bilatzen dute. Inkestek kanpoko ikuspegia eskain-tzen dute, hobetu beharreko arloak identifikatzen laguntzen duena. UPV/EHU proakti-boa izan da inkestak erabiliz ikasleen iritziak biltzeko, baina orain sistema digital eragin-korrago batera bilakatu beharra dago. Aurretik aipatutako alderdiek baieztatzen dute inkestek testuinguru honetan betetzen duten funtsezko zeregina. Hemen sortzen da SiREnO proiektua (Sistema de Recogida de Encuestas Online), hau da, “Online Inkestak Biltzeko Sistema”. Online sistema honek ebaluazio-prozesua irauli nahi du, ikasleei beren iritziak adierazteko modu eskuragarriago eta eraginkorragoa eskainiz. Lan honek sistema telematikorako trantsizioaren erronkei eta onurei aurre egingo die." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29441,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is to carry out a study of the linear programming transport method as an alternative to program the production of a manufacturing company. First, a theoretical analysis of business planning techniques and strategies will be carried out, as well as an in-depth study of the transport method and it’s procedure. This theoretical analysis is taken to practice through the elaboration of the Aggregate Production Planning corresponding to the second half of 2018 for a manufacturer of auto parts. To perform it, the previously mentioned transport method will be manually executed using the Microsoft Office’s Excel software, while the validation of the obtained result will be done with the Solver optimization complement, included in the Excel package.","Lan honen helburua, enpresa baten ekoizpenaren planifikazioa aurrera eramateko erraminta gisa programazio linealeko garraioaren metodoaren inguruko ikerketa egitea da. Hori lortzeko, lehendabizi enpresa-plangintzaren arloko teknika eta estrategiei buruzko analisi teorikoa egingo da, baita garraioaren metodoaren inguruko ikerketa sakona ere. Analisi teoriko honetan ikasitakoa praktikara eramango da automobilarentzako piezen ekoizle baten Ekoizpen Plangintza Agregatua lortzeko, 2018ko azken sei hilabeteen epe mugarako. Plangintza haur lortzeko, aipatutako garraioaren metodoa erabiliko da Microsoft Office-ko Excel programaren bitartez. Halaber, lortutako emaitzaren balioztatzea Excel-ek berak eskaintzenduen optimizazio software-aren bitartez egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70271,2024-10-31,"The Final Degree Project focuses on the digital model of the water distribution network of the municipality of Vitoria-Gasteiz, managed by AMVISA. Using the QGISRed, EPANET and QGIS tools, an update of the model is carried out and a fundamental tool that opens the door to a future digital twin is achieved. A comparison is made between the old and current models and parameters such as pressures, velocities and total and unit head losses obtained through the model are evaluated. A detailed analysis of these parameters in the current network is also carried out. Finally, a relevant case of study and a stress analysis of the network are presented before conclusions and future directions are displayed.","Gradu Amaierako Lanak AMVISAk kudeatzen duen Vitoria-Gasteizko udalerriko uraren banaketa sarearen eredu digitala du ardatz. QGISRed, EPANET eta QGIS tresnak erabiliz, eredua eguneratzen da funtsezko tresna bat lortuz, etorkizun biki digital baterako atea irekitzen duena. Eredu zaharrak eta egungoak alderatzen dira, eta ereduaren bidez lortutako presioak, abiaduraak eta karga galera totalak eta unitarioak bezalako parametroak ebaluatzen dira. Halaber, parametro horien azterketa zehatza egiten da sare eguneratuan. Azkenik, kasu-azterketa garrantzitsu bat eta sarearen estresaren análisis bat aurkezten dira, ondorioak eta etorkizuneko norabideak azaldu aurretik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41353,2020-02-20,"Once leisure has been accepted as a human right, it is basic to guarantee it for everybody. Therefore, the community needs to provide the required opportunities and create accessible activities to enjoy everybody’s free time. At this point, the following project intends to study the already mentioned leisure of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder with a qualitative methodology; such as interviews, group dynamics and participatory observations. As a conclusion, it has observed that the existing activities offered by the community are not accessible enough nor inclusive for everybody so there is still a lot to improve in this aspect.","Aisialdia eta denbora librea, giza eskubide bezala onartuak izanik, oinarrizkoa bilakatzenda pertsona guztion eskubide hau bermatua izatea. Honetarako, ezinbestekoa da komunitateak aisialdiaz gozatzeko beharrezkoak diren aukerak eskaintzea eta denontzako eskuragarria den aisialdirako ekintzak sortzea. Hau honela izanda, hurrengo azterketa txiki honek Autismoaren Espektru Nahastea duten pertsonen Aisialdia eta Denbora Librea aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako,metodología kualitatiboan oinarrituz eta elkarrizketa, behaketa eta talde dinamikak erabiliz, beharrezkoa izan zaidan informazioa biltzeko aukera izan dut. Ondorio bezala, ikus daiteke komunitateak eskaintzen dituen aisialdiko ekintzak ez direla denontzako eskuragarriak ezta inklusiboak ere, beraz, esparru honetan hobetzekoasko dago oraindik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14376,2015-02-10,"The main aim of this work is the design and development of a system in order to obtain a validation of proposed methodology in the recommendation draft P.STMWeb [1] “Methodology for the subjective assessment of the quality in web browsing”. As a result of the validation done with the system have been approved recommendations G.1031 [5] “QoE factors in web-browsing” and P.1501 [6] “Subjective testing Methodology for web browsing” recommendation of UIT-T. The proposed system has been designed based on the specifications marked in the recommendation draft in process of standardization [P.STMWeb]. These specifications have made necessary the design and implementation of a system that allows an interactive web browsing, with control and web page updating based on network parameters variations, as the delay in a controlled environment. Also following the methodology set out in the draft recommendation above is designed and developed a survey to evaluate subjectively the quality experienced by users (QoE) in web browsing. For the design of the survey system, the different factors that are contemplated in the draft recommendation G.QoE-Web [2] “Relevant Factors and Use Cases for Web QoE” of ITU-T is analyzed and used as specifications Based on the design done, it was developed a system based on the implemented design that allows analyzing the experimented quality by the users in the web browsing.","Lan honen helburu nagusia P.STMWeb [1] ""Web nabigazioan nabaritutako kalitatearen ebaluazio subjektiborako metodologia"" gomendioaren zirriborroan proposatutako metodologien baieztapenerako sistema baten diseinu eta garapena da. Sistema honekin egindako baieztapenaren emaitza bezala ITU-T-ren G.1031 [5] ""Web browsing-ean QoE-aren faktoreak"" eta P.1501 [6] ""Web browsing-erako froga subjektiboko metodologia"" gomendioak aprobatu dira. Proposatutako sistema estandarizazio bidean dagoen gomendioaren zirriborroan markatutako espezifikazioak oinarri bezala hartuta diseinatu da [P.STMWeb]. Espezifikazio hauek web nabigazio interaktiboa, sareko parametroen aldaketak oinarritzat hartuta web orrialdeak freskatzea eta kontrolatzea ahalbidetzen dutenak, adibidez ingurune kontrolatu bateko atzerapena. Era honetan lehen aipatutako gomendioaren zirriborroan ezarritako metodologia jarraituz web nabigazioan erabiltzaileek esperimentatutako kalitatea (QoE) era subjektibo batetan ebaluatzeko inkesta sistema bat diseinatu eta garatu egin da. Inkesta sistemaren diseinurako ITU-T-ren G.QoE-Web [2] ""QoE Web-erako faktore nabarmen eta erabilera kasuak"" gomendioaren zirriborroan hausnartzen diren faktore ezberdinak espezifikazio bezala aztertu eta erabili ziren. Egindako diseinua oinarritzat hartuta, erabiltzaileek Web nabigazioan esperimentatutako kalitatea aztertzea ahalbidetzen duen sistema garatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31928,2019-03-07,"The aim of this summary is to show the benefits human beings obtain from nature, all captured in a a book addressed to children, so they learn and identify what the ecosystem offers to us by themselves (known as ecosystem services). The first step was to search in libraries around the Basque Country if there was any publication for children about these benefits or at least any mention of them and see how they were explained. But there was not. Accordingly, this work has been created to fill that gap. In other words, this book has been designed to occupy that empty space in such an important matter as nature is and which we should learn since we are kids. As a result, this Final Degree Project gives birth to Mila esker Natura!, making it a very useful tool, not only to be used at Child Education, but also at home. It has flaps to make it easy to use for any age.With the objective of getting to know firsthand the real potential of the book Mila esker natura! a short implementation of two days has taken place in a three-year classroom and the results achieved have been very positive. In this two-day implementation, children have identified and understood some of the assets we get from nature. It has also helped to be aware that we could deepen into this topic both in the classroom and outside it. For this reason, in the book there is a proposal to add this content in a didactic unit of a school quarter and help introduce this subject into the classrooms.","Lan honek naturak gizakioi eskaintzen dizkigun etekinak eta onurak (ekosistemen zerbitzu bezala ezagutuak) haurrentzako liburu baten bidez haurrei ezagutzen eta identifikatzen laguntzea du helburu. Honetarako, lehenik eta behin, Euskadiko liburutegietan haurrentzako liburuen artean naturaren etekin hauek edo ekosistemen zerbitzu hauek agertzen diren edo ez, eta agertzekotan zelan lantzen diren ikertu egin da. Liburutegietan gaia honi buruz topatu den hutsuneari erantzuna emateko, haurrentzako liburu bat diseinatzea eta sortzea erabaki da. Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honen emaitza bezala, Mila esker natura! haurrentzako liburua sortu da, zeina manipulazioa errazten duen solapak dituen. Mila esker natura! liburuak ekosistemen zerbitzuen gaia eskolan landu ez ezik, etxean ere lantzeko aukera ematen du. Izan ere, familia eta eskola elkarlanean ekosistemen zerbitzuen gaia lantzea ere du helburu. Mila esker natura! liburu honen potentzial didaktikoa aztertu nahian, 3 urteko gela batean bi eguneko inplementazio xumea egin da emaitza positiboak lortuz. Bi eguneko inplementazio honetan, haurrek naturatik lortzen ditugun zenbait onura ulertu eta identifikatu dituzte. Inplementazioaren ostean, gai honetan sakontzeko aukera anitzak daudela ikusi da, bai gelan eta baita gelatik kanpo ere. Horregatik, GrAL honek Mila esker natura! liburua Haur Hezkuntzan inplementatzeko hiru hilabeteko proposamen didaktiko bat ere planteatzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16477,2015-12-16,"This work describes the design, programming, manufacture and assembly of a 5 joint revolution parallel manipulator. The purpose of this manipulator is to grab and drop off small objects within a given working space area. This project focuses exclusively on the kinematics and durable analysis, as well as the design optimization regarding the manipulator bars mechanism.","5 pare zinematikoz osatutako zinematika paralelozko maneiatzailearen diseinu, programazio, fabrikazio eta muntatzean datza. Aurrez ezarritako lan eremu batean objektu txikien hartze eta ondorezko desplazamendua du helburutzat. Proiektu hau soilik azterketa zinematikoan, iraunkorrean eta ondoren, maneiatzailearen bar mekanismo diseinuaren optimizazioan oinarritzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14733,2015-03-11,"The essay: SIMULACIÓN DEL ROBOT DELTA MEDIANTE MATLAB is about the Delta robot. Its main purpouse is to serve as the base of future projects. The essay includes information about Delta robots and about their applications. This kind of robots has a wide variety of applications and benefits thanks to all the favourable characteristics that are mentioned along the document, as the increased speed that these robots can reach. Forward and inverse kinematics problems will also be solved in this paper.Moreover, with the help of the mentioned kinematics, different trajectories can also be described. Finally, it is of sume interest the benefits that the introduction of the interpolators brings for the generation of trajectories.","SIMULACIÓN DEL ROBOT DELTA MEDIANTE MATLAB Gradu Amaierako Lana Delta errobota eta bere erabileraz aritzen da. Lan honen helburu nagusia etorkizuneko proiektuetarako oinarri izatea da. Bere barnean, Delta errobotei eta euren aplikazio ugariei buruzko informazioa aurkitzen da. Errobot mota honen aplikazio anitz ditu lanan zehar aipatuko diren ezaugarri onuragarriei esker; hala nola, abiadura handian mugitzeko gaitasuna. Hurrengo orrialdetan, problema zinematiko zuzena eta alderantzizko problema zinematikoen ebazpena ageri da. Gainera, problema hauetan oinarrituz hainbat ibilbide sortu ahal izando dira. Azkenik, aipagarria da interpolatzaileen sarrera ibilbide sorkuntza eta euren eragin onuragarria." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41375,2020-02-20,"The present work aims to bring myths to Pre-Primary Education stage, while working on the critical view of the derogatory treatment given to women in these. Mythology gives us the keys to understand our culture, because the ideas transmitted in the stories determine the collective unconscious. Therefore, instead of setting aside the original myths, some activities are proposed to identify ancient archetypes and to think about the values they transmit, with the help of visual language. This underlines the importance of visual culture, which has an enormous influence on nowaday’s technological world and which is full of archetypes from ancient mythology. Consequently, the school can be the responsible for working on those images that surround children and transforming their message through non-sexist and respectful values, being the mythology an excellent resource for this.","Hurrengo lanak Haur Hezkuntzako etapan mitoei lekua ematea du helburu, hauetan emakumearenganako mespretxuzko trataeraren aurrean ikuspegi kritikoa landu bitartean. Mitologiak gure kultura bera ulertzeko gakoak ematen dizkigu, istorioetan transmititzen diren ideiek inkontziente kolektiboa baldintzatzen baitute. Horrenbestez, jatorrizko mitoak baztertu ordez, antzinako arketipo horiek identifikatzeko eta transmititzen dituzten balioak zalantzan jartzeko ariketak planteatzen dira, ikusizko hizkuntzaren laguntzaz bideratuak. Honekin, ikusizko kulturak duen garrantzia azpimarratzen da, egungo mundu teknologikoan izugarrizko eragina daukana eta antzinako mitologiaren arketipoz josita dagoena. Hortaz, eskolaren zeregina umeak inguratzen dituzten irudi horiek lantzea eta haien mezua errespetuzko balore ez sexisten bidez bilakatzea izan daiteke, mitologiaren alorra horretarako baliabide ezin hobea delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58081,2022-10-19,"Although Human trafficking started many centuries ago, it is still a very important problem today. Every year, thousands of people are victims of sexual exploitation, which is a threat to human rights as it violates the right to life, liberty, physical and moral integrity, sexual freedom, health, privacy and human dignity. In this work, the subject of forced prostitution is approached from two blocks. The first one analyses the legal regulations that were enacted in Ancient Rome with the aim of ending deception and abuse that were suffered by women in vulnerable situations by pimps. The second block not only examines the international agreements that were signed throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, but also analyzes the regulations in force in Spain. Furthermore, a brief example from today is presented. This way Roman law has been brought closer to current law, trying to investigate the similarities that can be found in both legislations and the progress that has been made.","Gizakien salerosketaren arazoa garrantzi handiko gaia da oraindik, nahiz eta jatorria oso zaharra izan. Urtero milaka pertsona sexu-esplotazioaren biktimak dira, eta hori giza eskubideen aurkako mehatxua da, bizitzeko eskubidearen, askatasunaren, osotasun fisiko eta moralaren, sexu-askatasunaren, osasunaren, intimitatearen eta giza duintasunaren aurka egiten baitute. Lan honetan, nahitaezko prostituzioaren gaia bi multzo nagusietan jorratu da. Lehenengoan, Antzinako Erroman proxenetek kalteberatasun-egoeretan emakumeek jasaten zuten engainuari eta abusuari amaiera emateko aldarrikatu ziren erregulazio juridikoak aztertu dira. Bigarren multzoan, berriz, XIX. eta XX. mendeetan zehar sinatu ziren nazioarteko mekanismoen azterketarekin jarraitu dut, baita Espainian indarrean dagoen legeriarekin eta gaur egungo adibide labur batekin ere. Horrela, Zuzenbide erromatarra indarrean dagoen Zuzenbidera hurbildu da, bi legeetan aurki daitezkeen antzekotasunak eta lortu diren aurrerapenak ikertzen saiatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67899,2024-05-10,"Grinding is a machining process that removes the material through abrasion. Tools known as grinding wheels are used to achieve material removal. This process is characterized by the precise geometrical tolerances and excellent surface finishes that it is able to offer, making it a widely used process in all kinds of industries. Therefore, the study of the grinding process is of great interest for the manufacturing industry. Owing to the abrasive nature of grinding, this process is susceptible to attaining extremely high temperatures. These elevated temperatures hold the potential to damage the workpiece, affecting the quality and efficiency of the grinding process. The study of temperatures during grinding, along with their influence on the properties of ground pieces, is a critical aspect of the process and constitutes a matter of research. Recently, rubber bonded elastic wheels have been gaining weight among manufacturers. These wheels hold the promise of reducing the thermal damage inflicted on ground components. Also, these wheels are promising to excel in superfinishing applications, managing to achieve surface finishes that far outshine what conventional rigid wheels can deliver, offering them great potential. However, rubber bonded grinding wheels have received limited attention in research and their in-process behavior is still unknown, as well as their mechanical properties. These aspects are totally essential for the development of the grinding process. In this work a series of experimental tests focusing on the study of elastic rubber bonded grinding wheels have been performed. On the one hand, experimental grinding tests were conducted to investigate the in-process behavior of the wheels. During these grinding tests, temperatures were measured using an innovative method employing grindable thermocouples. On the other hand, a metallographic analysis was carried out to evaluate the influence of different machining conditions on the ground workpiece, providing insights into the performance of rubber bonded wheels concerning thermal damage in grinding processes. And finally, the mechanical properties of various rubber bonded elastic grinding wheels were determined using three-point bending tests, involving the study of different wheel compositions. This work serves as a foundation towards a better comprehension of elastic rubber bonded grinding wheels properties and behavior, promoting advancements in grinding technologies, and equipping industries with the tools and knowledge to optimize their manufacturing processes.","Artezketa, harria deritzon erraminta bat erabiliz urraduraren bidez materiala kentzen duen mekanizazio prozesu bat da. Industria anitzetan erabiltzen den prozesua da, eskaintzen dituen perdoi geometriko eta gainazal akabera bikainengatik. Horregatik, artezketa prozesua aztertzea oso interesgarria da industriarentzat. Artezketaren izaera urratzailea dela eta, prozesuan muturreko tenperaturak lor daitezke. Tenperatura hauek arteztutako piezak kaltetu ditzake, prozesuaren kalitatea eta eraginkortasuna kaltetuz. Hori dela eta artezketa prozesuetan tenperaturak neurtu ahal izatea eta arteztutako piezetan tenperaturek sortzen duten eragina aztertzea prozesuaren alderdi kritiko bat da. Duela gutxi, kautxuzko aglomeratzailea erabiltzen duten artezketa harri elastikoak hasi dira erabiltzen industrian. Harri hauek, tenperatura altuen ondorioz sortzen diren arazo termikoak gutxitu ahal dituztela dirudite. Gainera, harri mota hauek superakaberako aplikazioetan ere badituzte erabilerak, ohiko artezketa harri zurrunek eskain ditzaketen gainazal akaberak baino askoz hobeak lortuz. Hala ere, harri elastiko mota hau ez da behar adina aztertu, eta artezketa prozesuan azalduko duen portaera ezezaguna da, baita bere propietate mekanikoak ere. Lan honetan, kautxuzko aglomeratzailea erabiltzen duten harri elastikoak aztertu egin dira. Alde batetik, artezketa saiakuntzak egin dira harri hauek prozesuan duten portaera ikertzeko. Saiakuntza horietan, artezketa prozesuan garatzen diren tenperaturak termopare batzuen bidez neurtu dira. Bestalde, analisi metalografiko bat burutu da, mekanizazio baldintza desberdinek arteztutako piezan sorrarazten duten eragina aztertzeko. Azkenik, kautxuzko aglomeratzailea duten artezketa harri elastikoen propietate mekanikoak karakterizatu dira, hiru puntuko flexio saiakuntzen bidez, eta harrien hainbat konposizio aztertu dira. Lan honek kautxuzko aglomeratzailea erabiltzen duten harri elastikoen propietateak eta portaera hobeto ulertzea ahalbidetzen du, artezketa prozesuan aurrerapenak sustatzeko eta industriari bere fabrikazio prozesuak optimizatzeko beharrezko tresnak eta ezagutzak baliatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23289,2017-07,"Sudden cardiac death, due to a cardiac arrest, is one of the main causes of mortality in the world. In recent years several protocols to attend this type of arrest have been defined; though the patient care has been improved, survival rates are still below 10 %. Cardiac arrest is identified by a lack of spontaneous circulation, which the rescuer must recognize with the absence of pulse. Pulse detection allows, to recognize if the patient has actually suffered a cardiac arrest, and to detect the recovery of spontaneous circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, both healthcare professionals and non-qualified personnel, have difficulties to determine clearly the presence of pulse using touch pressure in the carotid. It is therefore important to find a non-invasive predictor to determine accurately and reliably the instant the patient recovers the circulation. The main purpose of this project is to study a proposal that uses as primary method the analysis of the signal that monitors the levels of CO2 exhaled by patients. The levels of this gas will be compared between patients without spontaneous circulation, and patients with return of spontaneous circulation. The results will be statistically analyzed and the power of CO2 as predictor of the return of spontaneous circulation will be assessed.","Bat-bateko bihotz-biriketako geldialdia munduko hilkortasun arrazoi nagusienetakoa da. Azken urteetan, honelako geldialdien aurrean jarraitu beharreko teknikak deskribatzen dituzten hainbat protokolo definitu dira, eta nahiz eta haiei esker gaixoen arreta hobetzea lortu, bizi-iraupen mailak %10 azpitik jarraitzen du. Bihotz geldialdia berezko zirkulazio ezarekin parekatzen da, erreskatatzaileak pultsu faltarekin antzeman behar duena. Pultsu-detekzioak, alde batetik gaixoak benetan bihotz geldialdia sufritu duela aitortzea baimentzen du, eta bestetik berezko zirkulazioaren errekuperazioa suspertzean zehar antzematea. Hala ere, bai sanitario profesionalek bai ez gaitutako pertsonalak, zailtasunak dituzte pultsu-presentzia era argi batean zehazteko karotidaren ukimenaren presioaren bitartez. Horregatik garrantzitsua da gaixoen zirkulazio berreskuraketaren unea era zehatz eta fidagarrian zehazten duen adierazgailu ez inbaditzailea aurkitzea. Lan honekin arazoari konponbidea emateko metodoa landuko da, gaixoek arnasbotatako CO2-ko mailak jasotzen dituen seinalea erabiliz. Gas horren mailak aztertuko dira: zirkulaziorik gabeko eta berezko zirkulazioa duten gaixoen arteko konparaketa egingo da. Lortutako emaitzak estadistikoki aztertuko dira, eta CO2 maila berezko zirkulazioaren berreskuraketa era automatikoan identifikatu dezakeen ebaluatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19428,2016-10-26,"The efforts in this project have been focused on the force analysis of a motorbike´s fork structure (mainly in the triple trees). This analysis has been used for a 4T 250cc competition motorbike triple trees design state. This design needs to meet the current standards imposed by ""MotoStudent"" association. The MotoStudent contest organizers impose some technical requirements and the elements must be designed in such a way that they can be included in the motorbike without breaking the rules given. In this project it has been achieved a viable model which meets the ""MotoStudent"" current standards and is different from the previous models which have been used. The triple trees attach the fork tubes to the frame. This way, the triple trees connect the fork with the main part of the motorcycle. The most important part of the porject has been the force analysis on the triple trees considering the most stressfull working situation for these. The results obtained in this process have been used to study the stress analysis. Once the triple trees requirements for the correct motorbike functioning are stablished, it has been designed an initial CAD model which is tested by the use of EFM to ensure it works properly. The initial model has been modified following an iterative porcess whose purpose is to improve the design reducing the component´s weith taking into account the stress analysis results. An excessive weight is the principal issue for the motorcycles designed for competition. This is the reason why the triple tree model should be as lighter as possible. At last, in this project it has been decided the safety factor of the model for its fatigue study. There are also considered different materials just in case the model was manufactured.","Lanaren helburua motoaren aurreko urkilan sortzen diren indarrak aztertzea izan da, bereziki zela-tutuetan ematen direnei dagokionez. Analisi hori 250 cc eta 4 T dituen lehiaketa-moto baten aurreko urkilako zela-tutuak diseinatzeko erabili da. Diseinua “MotoStudent” txapelketan ezarritako arauen arabera burutu behar izan da. “MotoStudent”norgehiagokaren antolatzaileek erabakitzen dute lehiaketa bakoitzean erabiltzen diren zela-tutuen diseinu zehatza, eta osagai horrek berdina behar du izan moto guztietan. Hala ere, lan honetan bestelako diseinu bideragarri bat lortu da, aipatutako lehiaketako ezaugarriak betetzen dituen moto batentzako. Zela-tutuak diraaurrealdeko indargetzaileko barrak xasisaren goialdean estu elkartuta dagoen norabide-ardatzera lotzen dituzten piezak. Beraz, osagai horiek aurrealdeko urkilaren eta motoaren gorputzaren arteko lotura dira. Zela-tutuentzako baldintza okerrenetan aurrealdeko urkilan eragiten duten indarrak aztertzea izan da proiektuaren atal erabakigarria. Indarren ikerketa hori zela-tutuen esfortzu analisi baterako erabili da. Goiko nahiz beheko zela-tutuek funtzionamendu egoera zailena jasateko bete beharreko eskakizunak kalkulatu ostean, CAD bidez hasierako diseinu bat gauzatu da, eta horren baliozkotasuna ikertu daelementu finituen metodoaz. Piezaren diseinua optimizatzeko hasierako diseinua aldatu egin da prozesu iteratibo batez baliatuz, elementu finituen analisiaz lortutako emaitzen arabera. Jomuga lehiaketa-moto bat denez, osagai guztiek pisuari dagokionez ere optimizatuta egon behar dute. Moto arinek maniobratzeko ahalmen handiagoa eta, oro har, jokabide hobea dute. Azkenik, benetako zela-tutuek akidura jokaeran izango luketen segurtasun koefizientea zenbatetsi da, eta aluminio mota ezberdinak hartu dira kontuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19327,2016-10-18,"This project will be dedicated to the design and dimensioning of the Accumulator Container of the electric competition car FSB2016. The Accumulator Container is the box containing the batteries of the car, as well as the necessary electronic components needed for their monitoring. It will have to support the actions generated by the accelerations of 40 G and 20 G, in the horizontal and vertical plane, respectively. Therefore, the dimensioning of the box will be made by means of the finite element method, making a static study, and series of experimental tests will be made so as to determine that the strength and stiffness of the used materials, meets the specifications of rigidity and deformation.","Lan honetan, FSB2016-ko baterien edukiontziaren diseinua eta bere ondoriozko kalkulua garatu egingo da. Edukiontziak, Accumulater Container ere izenekoa, hala bateriak nola haien monitorizaziorako behar diren osagaiak eduki egingo ditu. Acumulator Container-ek 40 G eta 20 G azelerazioengatik sortutako akzioak jasan behar ditu,plano horizontal eta bertikalean hurrenez hurren. Honen egituraren neurriak ezartzeko, Ansys elementu finituko programa bat erabiliko da, ikerketa estatiko bat eginda. Beharrezkoak diren zenbait kalkulu eta saiakuntzak ere egingo dira, zurruntasun eta deformazio zehazpenak betetzeko material egokiena aukera dezan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23244,2017-07,"With the emergence of important environmental problems, both at the global level (climate change, deforestation, destruction of the ozone layer, reduction of biodiversity, general depletion of natural resources ...) and at the local level (water, air and soil pollution, industrial insurances...), modern society has been forced to establish a model of sustainable development, given the consequences of its behaviour (demography, lifestyle ...) on the environment. In the field of energy, concern for the environment has driven to the acceleration of the energy transition process that leads us to the development of a new energy model, different from the conventional one, based on the exploitation of resources of fossil origin, which have governed in the last decades. In this new scenario, the adoption and choice of alternative energy sources is a strategic process of multidimensional decision making directly related to the processes of analysis and management of the different types of information (technological, environmental, economic and social). Very often, traditional assessment methods, such as cost-benefit analysis and macroeconomic indicators, are not enough to integrate all the elements included in energy planning. This task must take into account several aspects in conflict due to the increasing complexity of social, technological, environmental and economic factors. From this point of view, multi-criteria analysis seems to be an adequate tool to merge and analyse all the points of view related to the decision-making process, by establishing a relation between all the alternatives and the factors that influence the decision. The present project constitutes a deep analysis with the potential to help the decision makers responsible for regional energy planning, providing them the possibility of creating a panel of sustainable energy alternatives.","Ingurumen arazo garrantzitsuen sorrerarekin, bai maila globalean (klima-aldaketa, baso-soiltze, ozono-geruzaren suntsiketa, biodibertsitate-murriztapena, baliabide naturalen agortzea...), bai maila lokalean (ura, airea eta lurzoruaren kutsadurak, istripu industrialak...), egungo gizartea behartuta dago garapen jasangarri eredu bat jarraitzera, gizartearen beraren jokaerak ingurugiroarengan (demografia, bizimodu...) eragindako hondatzea dela eta. Arlo energetikoan ingurumenari buruzko kezkak trantsizio energetiko prozesu bat bultzatu du. Eredu energetiko berri batera goaz jatorri fosileko baliabideen ustiapenean oinarrituta dagoen bestetik. Agertoki berri honetan, ordezko energia iturri aukera berriek aukeratu eta ezartzea hainbat dimentsioko erabaki-hartze prozesu estrategikoa da eta erabat erlazionatuta dago mota eta informazio iturri desberdinen analisi eta kudeaketa prozesuekin (teknologikoa, ingurumena, ekonomiko eta sozial). Sarritan, ebaluazio metodo tradizionalak, adibidez kostu-etekina analisia eta adierazle makroekonomikoak ez dira nahikoak plangintza energetikoan eragina duten elementu guztiak kontutan hartzeko. Zeregin honek kontrajarriak diren hainbat alderdi kontuan hartu behar ditu gero eta konplexuagoak diren faktore sozialak, teknologikoak, ingurune eta ekonomikoak direla eta. Beraz, irizpide-anitzeko analisiak erabaki hartze prozesuarekin erlazionaturiko ikuspuntu guztiak batzeko eta aztertzeko erreminta egokia da, aukera eta erabakietan eragiten duten faktore guztien arteko erlazioak ezarriz. EAE-ko plangintza energetikoa egiteaz arduratzen direnen interesekoa izan daitekeen energia iraunkorreko aukera taula bat sortzeko parada eskaintzen du miaketa analisi lan honek." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24992,2008,"The unequal application of different sections of the Organic Law 1/1992, February 21, on protection on public safety, has like first consequence a clear legal uncertainty. So, an analysis is realized on the application of this law regarding the social phenomenon of illegalized drugs studying the conducts linked with these substances and also examining the doctrine and jurisprudence on the matter, considering the possibility of apply the principle of opportunity on the administrative legislation.","Otsailaren 21eko, Hiritarren Segurtasunaren Babeserako 1/1992 Lege Organikoaren zenbait atalen aplikazio desberdinak, ziurgabetasun juridiko nabaria sortzen du ondorio nagusi gisa. Era honetan, Lege honen aplikazioari buruzko analisia burutzen da, legez kanpo utzitako drogen fenomeno sozialarekin erlazionatuta. Helburu hau lortzeko, sustantzia hauekin loturiko jokamoldeak aztertzen dira eta gai honen inguruan dauden irakaspen eta jurisprudentzia jarrerak, legeri administratiboan aukera printzipioa aplikatzeko modua aztertzen delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25126,2004,"The existence of groups that, under protection of the religious freedom, infringe the law creates the problem, among others, of the danger related to the justification of an abusive State intervention in the citizens’ conscience freedom sphere. Starting from this approach, the potential crimes committed within the religious sects are analyzed, as well as the convenience of categorizing a sectarian crime to protect the victims. Also, the efforts, made in some countries, to face this phenomenon are explained.","Askatasun erlijiosoa medio dela, eta horren arabera legearen kontra jokatzen duten sortzen diren taldeak, nolabait herritarrek duten kontzientzia askatasuna libre eta normal erabiltzea zailtzen dute. Planteamendu honetatik abiatuta, sekta erlijiosoen barruan ematen diren delituak aztertzen dira, eta delitu horien biktimak zaintzeko delitu sektarioa tipifikatzeko konbenientzia ere azaltzen da. Amaitzeko nazio batzuetan fenómeno honen aurka egindako lanaren berri ematen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58531,2022-07-04,"The chain of custody procedure for DNA evidence is of the utmost importance so that the criminal process is carried out with all guarantees, given the great collision of this procedure with fundamental rights. Despite its relevance, the Spanish legal system grants this figure a very scarce regulation, requiring for its knowledge to go to various sources such as international recommendations, specific manuals of the agents involved in the custody of non-binding evidence. and, undoubtedly, to the doctrine and jurisprudence. Knowledge about this procedure becomes more important at the time of assessing the evidence, since DNA analysis is considered a completely reliable test, and it is therefore essential that its custody is carried out in the most correct way to avoid its contamination.","DNA frogaren zaintza katearen prozedurak berebiziko garrantzia du, prozesu penala berme guztiekin aurrera eraman dadin, prozedura honek oinarrizko eskubideekin talka handia duelako. Garrantzitsua izan arren, Espainiako ordenamendu juridikoak oso araudi urria ematen dio figura honi, bere ezagutzarako hainbat iturritara jotzea eskatzen baitu, hala nola, nazioarteko gomendioetara, froga ez-lotesleak zaintzean parte hartzen duten agenteen eskuliburu zehatzetara, eta, dudarik gabe, doktrina eta jurisprudentzia. Prozedura horri buruzko ezagutzak garrantzi handiagoa hartzen du frogak baloratzeko unean, DNAren azterketa guztiz fidagarritzat jotzen baita eta, beraz, ezinbestekoa da haren zaintza modurik zuzenenean egitea kutsadura saihesteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26133,1992,it is analysed how the media influence upon the individual freedom of decision and its possible repercussion citizen security.,komunikabideen eragina buruaren erebakitzeko aukeran eta bere ondorioa gizarteko zihurtasunean aztertzen da. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16277,2015-12-01,"This end of grade work (EOG) will consist to design and build a machine for fatigue testing of small pieces. The design of this machine we start from a crank mechanism and a piece previously designed at which we will practice the test. After sizing of the elements will be madden the design of the machine using as far as possible reused parts and simplifying as much as possible the number and complexity of parts that will be fabricated for the project. A final stage will consist in be assembled the machine.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan (GrAL) neke saiakuntzak egiteko makina bat diseinatu eta fabrikatuko da. Makina diseinatzeko biela-biradera mekanismo bat eta saiakuntzak egingo zaizkion pieza aurre diseinatua izango dira abiapuntu. Elementuen dimentsionamendua eta gero, makinaren diseinua egitea izango da helburu batez ere pieza berrerabiliak erabiliz eta proiekturako fabrikatu beharko diren piezak ahal bezain beste sinplifikatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29231,2018-10-23,"IEC61850 is a new substation communications standard created from the need of unifying the several standards existing today. Indeed, the primary goal of this project is to design the automation system of a distribution substation, focused in the protection system. To do so, the fundamental theory of substations will be studied, to then delve into substation automation systems; especially into the IEC61850 standard and, in particular, into GOOSE messages, which are defined by this standard. Afterwards, the steps for the design of the protection system will be explained, as well as the protection system itself. Finally, the programming of a GOOSE signal between the outgoing feeder relays and the transformer relays will be described, in order to ensure the selectivity of the system in the case a fault appears. This programming has been tested in the laboratory of the Electrical Engineering Department of the Engineering School of Bilbao. More specifically, this test consists in connecting an outgoing feeder relay and a transformer relay via an Ethernet network and simulating overcurrents in the relays using a current simulator. In this way, the outgoing feeder relay will send a GOOSE signal when an overcurrent is detected, blocking the transformer relay and preventing cutting the current to the whole bus, ensuring the selectivity of the system.","IEC61850 gaur egun dauden azpiestazioetako komunikazio-estandar ugariak bateratzeko beharrak sortutako estandar berritzailea da. Hain zuzen, lan honek estandar berri horretan oinarritzen den banaketa-azpiestazio baten automatizazio-sistemaren diseinua egitea du helburu nagusia, babes-sistema ardatz duela. Horretarako, hasiera batean azpiestazioen funtsezko teoria aztertuko da, ondoren azpiestazioen automatizazio-sistemetan sakontzeko; batez ere IEC61850 estandarrean, eta zehazki estandar horrek definitzen duen GOOSE seinaleetan. Horren ostean, automatizatutako babes-sistemaren diseinua egiteko eman diren pausuak eta honen deskribapena azalduko da. Amaitzeko, azpiestazioko irteerako lineako eta transformadoreko erreleen arteko GOOSE seinale bat programatuko da, akats baten aurrean erreleen hautakortasuna ahalik eta era azkarrenean bermatzeko. Programazio hau Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Ingeniaritza Elektrikoko Saileko laborategian frogatu da, lineako eta transformadoreko errele bana Ethernet sare batean konektatuz, eta korronte-simulagailu batez erreleetan gaintentsioak simulatuz. Era honetan, lineako erreleak korrontea moztu behar duenean transformadoreko erreleari GOOSE mezu bat bidaliko dio, azken hau blokeatuz eta era honetan barra osoa energiarik gabe uztea ekidinez, sistemaren hautakortasuna bermatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20090,2017-01-09,"The way in which society is changing, this factors related to society are also changing and adapting themselves to the characteristics and needs essential for any given society. Literature has also changed and nowadays we find a type of literature called ""digital"". We live in a technological society, and in our daily's life we use computers to manage information, to share the ideas and so on. We are surrounded by digital texts, but what type of influence have these digital texts in Primary Education's classrooms? Are they useful? Are we prepared to use these type of texts in the classrooms? In this research, not only have we tried to carry out an in depth analysis of digital literature but also we have tried to find answers to these questions.","Gizartea aldatzen joaten den heinean, honekin zerikusia dituzten alderdiak ere aldatzen joaten dira gizartearen ezaugarrietara eta beharretara egokituz. Literaturak ere aldaketak pairatu ditu eta gaur egun ""digitala"" den literatura mota aurki dezakegu. Gizarte teknologiko batean bizi gara eta egunero ordenagailuak erabiltzen ditugu informazioa kudeatzeko, ideiak konpartitzeko, etab. Testu digitalez inguraturik bizi gara, baina zer nolako eragin dituzte hipertestuek Lehen Hezkuntzako geletan? Baliagarriak dira? Prestaturik gaude halako testu motak geletan erabiltzeko? Ikerketa honekin literatura digitala ezagutzeaz aparte, galdera hauei erantzuna ematen ahalegindu gara." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14069,2015-01-19,"Abstract. This work establishes the benefits that reading brings to children in school age, and presents some of the most effective activities carried out at schools in the last few years to promote reading. The metodology used is based in a deep bibliographyc search, with qualitative and quantitative results of the success of each activity mentioned. The work has some limitations, since it is very difficult to find the continuity of the activities; therefore, there will be some other effective activities not named here because of lack of data. Nevertheless, it is an interesting research because it demonstrates with experts witnesses the benefits that reading contributes and presents only thoose activities that have been successful.","Laburpena. Lan honek irakurzaletasunak eskola haurrari eskaintzen dizkion onurak zeintzuk diren zehazten du, eta azken urteotan eskoletan irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko gauzatu izan diren jarduera eraginkorrenetariko batzuk aurkezten ditu. Erabili izan den metodologia bilaketa bibliografiko sakon batean oinarrituta dago, hemen aipatzen den ekintza eraginkor bakoitzak izandako emaitzak kualitatiboki nahiz kuantitatiboki frogatuta daudelarik. Lanak hainbat muga dauzka, oso zaila delako egin diren ekintzen jarraipenen zifrak lortzea; horregatik, eraginkorrak diren beste hainbat ekintza egongo dira hemen aipatzen ez direnak datu faltagatik. Hala ere, ikerketa interesgarria da irakurzaletasunak dakartzan onurak frogatzen dituezten adituen testigantzak biltzen dituelako eta emaitza onak lortu dituzten ekintzak soilik aurkezten dituelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19366,2016-10-25,"The presence of mists in a process gas stream can cause problems associated with product purity, safety and decreased production and this is why the purpose of this work is the entire design and calculation of a vessel according to the applicable standards. Inside this vessel filters will be placed to collect the mists from stack effluents in order to reduce the emissions of one of the worst corrosive gases that is, chlorine, to acceptable levels.","Prozesu kimikoen ondorioz sortutako lanbro toxikoek lohikeriak sortzen dituzte azkeneko produktuan. Lohikeri hauek, emankortasunaren jaistea daragiteaz gain, airearen kutsaduraren eta pertsonen segurtasunarentzako arriskuaren handiagotzea ere eragiten dute. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bitartez, Kloroa bezalako produktu toxikoak deuseztatzea bilatzen da, filtro desberdinez osaturiko biltegi bertikal baten kalkulu eta diseinu egokiak eginez, egungo arautegiak jarraituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36584,2019-11-27,"The main objective of this project is the study of the algorithms that form an artificial neural network. To do that, we will study,first,the mathematical theory behind them, starting from the classical methods of function approximation and evolving to their adaptation to the networks, payingspecial attention to the Backpropagation.After that, we will study their application in Matlab, adapting them to get maximum benefit to the capacities of the program and getting to program a Neural Network object, which will enable us to solve simple examples. Seeing the algorithms applied and working may help to get a better understanding, and alsoenables to see the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods.","Proiektu hau oinarritzen da sare neuronal artifiziala osatzen duten algoritmoenestudioan. Horretarako, lehenik teoria matematikoa ikasten da, funtzio-hurbilketa metodo klasikotik hasiz eta sareetara bere egokitzera eboluzionatuz, Backpropagation arreta berezi erakusten.Geroago Matlab-en aplikazioa ikasten da, programaren ahalmenei onurahandienaateratzekomoldatuzetaSare Neuronala objektubat programatzea lortuz,adibideerrazeiaurre egiteko. Aplikatutako algoritmoak etaadibideetanfuntzionamendua ikustea, baimentzen du haiek hobeto ulertzea, baita ere metodo desberdinen abantailak eta desabantailak ikusi ahal izatea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60256,2023-03-06,"The changes in mentality that have taken place in recent decades have made emotional education and the treatment of diversity more important in the educational field. The evolution of the concept of emotional intelligence has awakened interest in the emotional development of people, generating a debate on the importance of emotional education. As a result of this debate, proposals for emotional education have emerged, including the model of emotional competencies. Likewise, the change from the deficit model to the inclusive school model has led to a rethinking of the treatment of diversity in schools. Despite the changes that have taken place, experts denounce the shortcomings of current educational systems in terms of emotional education and treatment of diversity, emphasizing the lack of emotional education proposals for students with specific educational support needs. The aim of this work has been to design, implement and evaluate an emotional education intervention that takes into account the treatment of diversity, in order to create a decalogue for teachers to address the aforementioned shortcomings. First of all, a theoretical treatment of the chosen topics has been carried out. Subsequently, following the model of emotional competences, an inclusive emotional education intervention has been designed, put into practice and evaluated with the aim of responding to the needs identified in the socioemotional area of a specific group of Primary Education. Finally, the whole process has been reflected upon and, based on the conclusions obtained, the principles of the decalogue have been proposed. Among the conclusions, the importance of an explicit, continuous, active and inclusive emotional education stands out.","Azken hamarkadetan egondako pentsamolde-aldaketen ondorioz hezkuntza emozionalak eta aniztasunaren trataerak garrantzia gehiago hartu dute hezkuntza arloan. Adimen emozionalaren kontzeptuaren bilakaerak pertsonon garapen emozionalarekiko interesa piztu du, hezkuntza emozionalaren garrantziaren inguruko eztabaida sortuz. Eztabaida horretatik abiatuta hezkuntza emozionaleko proposamenak jaio dira, horien artean konpetentzia emozionalen eredua. Halaber, defizitaren eredutik eskola inklusiboaren eredura pasatzeak eskoletan aniztasunaren trataera birplanteatzea ekarri du. Aldaketak egon badira ere, adituek gaur egungo hezkuntza-sistemek hezkuntza emozionalari eta aniztasunaren trataerari dagokienez gabeziak dituztela salatzen dute, berariazko hezkuntza-laguntza behar duten ikasleen kasuan hezkuntza emozionaleko proposamenen hutsunea nabarmenagoa dela azpimarratuz. Lan honen helburua gabezia horien aurrean aniztasunaren trataera kontuan hartzen duen hezkuntza emozionalerako esku-hartze bat diseinatu, praktikan jarri eta ebaluatzea izan da, ondoren irakasleentzako dekalogo bat sortzeko. Lehenik eta behin, aukeratutako gaien inguruko lanketa teorikoa egin da. Ondoren, konpetentzia emozionalen eredua jarraituz hezkuntza emozionaleko esku-hartze inklusiboa diseinatu eta praktikan jarri da, Lehen Hezkuntzako talde espezifiko batean arlo sozioemozionalarekin lotuta identifikatutako beharrei erantzuteko asmoarekin. Prozesu guzti horren gainean hausnarketa egin eta ondorioak atera dira, horien oinarrian dekalogoaren printzipioak proposatuz. Ondorioen artean nabarmentzen dira hezkuntza emozionala esplizitua, jarraitua, aktiboa eta inklusiboa izatearen garrantzia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37090,2019-12-19,"Abstract: in this end-of-degree project, the automation of electric vehicles' propulsion system is described, by means of RT- Lab platform simulation process. The need to carry out this project is based on today's climate situation. As transport is one of the main causes of the greenhouse e ect, promoting the use of electric vehicles is seen as a real necessity, since they are zero emission means of transport. However, before implementing them, some simulations must be done. Taking into account that the propulsion system is the main part of electric vehicles, simulations based on propulsion system must be developed. Bearing every aspect in mind and in order to save time, the best option is to automate those simulations. For this purpose, by using an OPAL-RT OP4510 platform, various scripts that will be useful for APERT research group have been developed. Firstly, the automation script for accelerated simulation, and secondly, the automation script for real time simulation. After carrying that out, the script has been implemented and the results have been examined.","Laburpena: gradu amaierako proiektu honetan ibilgailu elektrikoen propultsio-sistemen RT-Lab plataforma bidezko simulazio-prozesuaren automatizazioa deskribatzen da. Proiektu hori burutzeko beharra gaur egungo egoera klimatikoaren ondorioz sortu da. Garraioa berotegiefektuaren iturri nagusienetako bat denez, ibilgailu elektrikoen garapena sustatzea behar bat moduan ikusten da, zero emisioko ibilgailuak direla eta. Hala ere, horiek ezarri baino lehen, beharrezkoak diren simulazioak egin behar dira. Jakinda propultsio-sistema ibilgailu elektrikoen osagai nagusia dela, propultsio-sistemetan oinarritutako simulazioak garatu behar dira horien diseinu-prozesuan zehar. Hori guztia kontuan izanik, lan-denbora aurrezteko simulazio horiek automatizatzea da aukerarik onena. Horretarako, OPAL-RTren OP4510 platarforma erabiliz, APERT ikerkuntza-taldearentzat baliagarria izango diren script desberdinak garatu dira. Alde batetik, simulazio azeleraturako automatizazio-script-a, eta bestetik, denbora errealeko simulaziorako automatizazio-script-a. Hori egindakoan, script-a inplementatu eta emaitzak aztertu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73238,2025-05-07,"This paper analyses the effectiveness of Game-Based Learning methodology to increase motivation and improve academic performance in primary education. Currently, many students are unmotivated during their learning process. One of the reasons is that the classes given are not adapted to their characteristics, resulting in theoretical sessions, which are not very attractive to them. However, it is thought that it is possible to achieve a more lasting and interesting learning by means of didactic games. This research compares the two types of learning strategies in order to see the results and to conclude that despite the increase in student motivation, other materials must be used in order to achieve better academic performance.","Lan honek Jokoetan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntzaren metodologiaren eraginkortasuna aztertzen du, Lehen Hezkuntzan motibazioa areagotzeko eta errendimendu akademikoa hobetzeko. Gaur egun, ikasle askok ez dute motibaziorik ikaskuntza-prozesuan. Arrazoietako bat da emandako saioak ez direla haien ezaugarrietara egokitzen, eta saio teorikoak direla, ez oso erakargarriak haientzat. Hala ere, ikaskuntza iraunkorragoa eta interesgarriagoa lortzea jolas didaktikoen bidez posible dela pentsatzen da. Ikerketa honek bi ikaskuntza-estrategia motak alderatzen ditu, emaitzak ikusteko eta, ikasleen motibazioa handitzea lortu arren, errendimendu akademiko hobea lortzeko beste material batzuk erabili behar direla ondorioztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55712,2022-03-07,"This final task's main objective was to analyze the Mexican “Cristero '' war that took place between 1926 and 1929, from the perspective of two different newspapers from Alava that were contemporary to this event. To begin with the analysis, I make a small study of the journalistic history of Alava in the first half of the 20th century, supported by an analysis of the political situation in Spain at the time. Then, I explain the most important events of the war, placing them in context with the turbulent political situation that Mexico was going through. After learning about the different aspects of this war, I will focus on explaining how the newspapers ``La Libertad” and “El Heraldo Alaves” deal with this news, comparing the assessments transmitted in them, and drawing different conclusions from them. The results of these analyses showed a great difference between the publications of the two newspapers, making it clear that despite the censorship regime to which they were subjected.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bidez, 1926 eta 1929 urteen artean Mexikon emandako kristeroen gerra aztertzen da, garai hartako bi egunkari arabarren ikuspuntutik erreparatuz. Lanarekin hasteko, Arabako XX. Mendeko lehenengo erdialdeko kazetaritzaren historiaren analisi bat egiten dut, 1920ko hamarkadako espainiako egoera politiko eta kulturalarekin batera. Ondoren, gerraren inguruko gertaera garrantzitsuenen azalpenean zentratzen naiz, Mexikoko egoera politiko korapilatsuarekin erlazionatuz. Gerraren inguruko nondik norakoak azaltzen ditudan bitartean, “La Libertad” eta “El Heraldo Alaves” egunkarien berriak erabiliko ditut, gertaera hauek hobeto uler daitezen, agertu daitezkeen balorazioak aztertzeko eta haien arteko konparazio bat egiteko. Analisi hauen emaitzek erakusten duten bezala, bi egunkarien arteko ezberdintasun nabarmenak ematen dira, eta nahiz eta biak zeuden gobernuaren prensa zentzuraren mehatxuan, argi dago objetibotasuna ez zela haien ezaugarririk aipagarriena. Lortutako datu hauen guztien bidez, ondorio batzuk ateratzen ditut, lanean zehar agertzen diren balorazioak laburbilduz, eta hauek era orokorrago batean aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29502,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is to analyze different ways to obtain water from atmospheric air. As a novelty, a system for compressing the humid air in the environment is proposed. This system will be installed in a wind turbine, harnessing wind energy to put it into operation. These systems will be evaluated for a theoretical site of operation on the North African coast of the Red Sea, specifically the desert of Zafarana. In the first place, we will offer a theoretical introduction to the subject that we recommend you read in order to gain the best possible understanding of the calculations and explanations that will appear throughout the document. We will then go on to make a comparison of the amount of water extracted and the energy needed to carry out this procedure versus other technologies already implemented commercially for the same purpose. In addition, we will describe the most significant components of the system in most widespread use, such as the cooling system, and set out a series of options for the start-up of the proposed alternative. In order to put this technology into context, we will provide information on the wind farm being considered for this alternative proposal, as well as the wind turbines installed therein. Finally, we will explain the tasks undertaken to prepare this document, and provide a budget statement, a technical feasibility analysis and a risk analysis of the project.","Lan honen helburu nagusia ura atmosferako airetik lortzeko dauden aukerak aztertzea da. Berritasun gisa, ingurunean dagoen aire hezea konprimatzeko sistema bat proposatzen da. Sistema hau aerosorgailu batean ezarriko da, haizearen energia aprobetxatuz martxan jartzeko. Sistema hauek Ipar Afrikako Itsaso Gorriaren kostaldeko puntu teoriko batean ebaluatuak izango dira, zehazki, Zafardarako basamortuan. Lehenik eta behin, dokumentu osoan zehar ager daitezkeen kalkulu eta azalpenak ahalik eta modu egokienean ulertzeko, testuinguru teoriko batekin hasiko da. Ondoren, erauzitako ur- kantitatearen eta prozedura hau egiteko beharrezkoa izan den energiaren arteko konparaketa gauzatuko da, helburu berberarako merkaturatutako beste teknologia batzuen laguntzarekin. Gainera, sistema hedatuagoen osagai esanguratsuena, esate baterako hozte sistema azalduko da, baita aztertutako hautabideak martxan jartzeko dauden aukerak ere aztertu egingo dira. Teknologia hau testuinguruan jartzeko helburuarekin, ordezko proposamen hau antolatu den parke eolikoari buruzko informazioa kontuan hartuko da, baita, parke horretan erabilitako aerosorgailuei buruzkoa ere. Azkenik, dokumentu honi ekin egiteko beharrezkoak izan diren zereginak azalduko dira, besteak beste, aurrekontuari buruzko datuak, bideragarritasun azterketa teknikoa eta proiektuak ondorioztatzen dituen arriskuen azterketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25428,1999,"The most essential aspects of the Organic Law 19/1994, about the Protection of Witness and Experts in criminal trials, are explained. After a brief reference to the aim of this Law, its enforcement scope is defined, and the different types of protection measures included in it are stated. Finally, some questions that may arise at the practice, on enforcing this Law, are introduced.","Lekuko eta adituen babesa kasu kriminaletan babesteko 1994-ko 19. Lege organikoaren ikuspegi garrantzitsuenak azaltzen dira. Legeak duen helburuaren erreferentzia egin ondoren, bere aplikazio ingurua eta bertan jasotako babes neurriak dira gai. Azkenik, lege honen aplikazioak ekar ditzakeen galdegaiak planteatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29451,2018-10-31,"The project consists in the implementation of a drone that is able to move autonomously from one point to another in interior spaces. To do this, a software will be developed in an SBC capable of managing the different elements that make up the unmanned aircraft. The aim of this project is to achieve an autonomous quadcopter, in which the human factor intervenes only when setting a series of parameters. When dealing with maneuvers in interior spaces, there may be obstacles and limitations to reach the final point, so the aircraft must overcome them and look for alternatives to reach their goal. A drone with a microcontroller programmed in the open-source Arduino language will be used to create the drone, in which, integrated with a variety of elements and electronic components, will form a 4-engine aircraft, also called quadrocopters.","Proiektuak espazio itxietan puntu batetik bestera mugitzeko gai den drone batean datza. Horretarako, gidaririk gabeko hegazkinaren osagaiak kudeatzeko gai den SBC batean garatuko da software bat. Proiektu honen helburua quadrocopter autonomo bat lortzea da, eta gizakia soilik parametro batzuk ezartzen direnean hartzen du parte. Dronearen maniobrak barrualdeko espazioetan direnez, azken puntura iristeko oztopoak eta mugak egon daitezke, beraz, hegazkinak gainditu beharko ditu eta haren helburura heltzeko alternativa ezberdinak bilatu beharko ditu. Dronea egiteko, Arduino kode irekian programatutako mikrokontrolagailu bat erabiliko da, non elementu eta osagai elektronikoekin batera integratuta, quadrocopter izena hartzen duen lau motoreko hegazkin bat osatuko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47005,2020-10-19,"This End of Degree Project (EDP) proposes an alternative to supply the energy consumption derived from the lighting in Building II-I of the Engineering School of Bilbao (ESB). For this purpose, the design and sizing of a photovoltaic installation for self-consumption is proposed, with compensation of surpluses. The project has been carried out with the intention of combining both technological development and sustainability. To this end, the current energy consumption of the luminaire in Building II-I of the ESB has been estimated and different solutions have been analysed to reduce this consumption. Thus, it has been decided to replace the current lighting (which consists of fluorescent lights) with low-consumption LED lights, seeking to make the best use of energy. On this occasion, the new consumption has also been estimated. In view of this new scenario, the options for supplying the luminaire with photovoltaic energy have been analysed. The initial approach was based on an off-grid installation that would completely supply the demand. However, after analysing the viability of this proposal, the system had to be modified, as the space available was not sufficient for an installation with the needed characteristics. Therefore, the option of self-consumption of photovoltaic energy was chosen, designing and sizing an on-grid installation. Once the type of system to be designed has been determined, the necessary resources have been employed to carry out the design process: analysis of the geographical location, choice of the elements of the PV installation, shadow analysis, etc. In addition, the use of various softwares has been fundamental for the development of the project. This work intends to show the options available to carry out sustainable behaviour from the engineering point of view. Likewise, the project is characterized by the clean production of energy and its proximity to the field of energy transition.","Aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honek Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako (BIE) II-I Eraikinean luminariaren ondoriozko energia eskaria hornitzeko alternatiba baten proposamena biltzen du. Ildo horretatik, autokontsumoko instalazio fotovoltaiko baten diseinua eta dimentsionamendua garatu da, soberakinen konpentsaziora egokitutakoa. Proiektuaren planteamendua garapen teknologikoa eta iraunkortasuna bateratuz gauzatu nahi izan da. Horrela, gaur egun BIEko II-I Eraikineko luminariak kontsumitzen duen energiaren zenbatespena gauzatu eta kontsumo hori murrizteko irtenbidea bilatu da. Energia aprobetxamendua bilatuz, gaur egun BIEko II I Eraikinean dagoen luminaria (fluoreszenteak) kontsumo baxuko LED moduko argiteriarekin ordezkatzea proposatu eta potentzia kontsumo berria aztertu da. Egoera berri horren aurrean, energia fotovoltaikoaren bidez argindarra hornitzeko aukerak aztertu dira. Hasiera batean, BIEko II-I Eraikineko teilatuan saretik isolatutako instalazio fotovoltaikoa ezartzea planteatu da. Hala ere, proposamen horren bideragarritasuna aztertuta, sistema fotovoltaiko mota moldatu behar izan da; izan ere, eskuragarri dagoen eremuaren ezaugarriek luminariaren energia eskaria erabat asebetetzea eragozten dute. Konponbide bezala sarera konektatutako instalazio fotovoltaikoa diseinatu eta dimentsionatu da, autokontsumora bideratutakoa. Helburu horrekin, lana aurrera eramateko dagozkion informazio-bilketa, kalkulu zein analisiak garatu eta dokumentatu dira: eremu geografikoaren azterketa, PV instalazioaren osagaien aukeraketa eta euren dimentsionamendua, itzalen analisia, eta abar. Diseinu eta dimentsionamenduaren garapenean zenbait software-ek funtsezko papera bete dute. Oro har, ingeniaritzaren alorretik ere jarrera jasangarriak sustatzea posible dela agerian uzten du lan honek. Era berean, energia ekoizteko modalitate garbien eta trantsizio energetikoarekin estuki erlazionatuta dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17679,2016-03-16,"It is known that the use of language is an important variable to succeed in school. Therefore, in this work are examined the fluency and knowledge of children aged 4-7 years. Always bearing in mind that the mother tongue is different and may be Basque or any other foreign language. The aim is to prove that the dialect of the people materializes between friends (in school). To do this, these children were interviewed using a questionnaire. Then the interview was transcribed and has become a linguistic examination, focusing on fluency and vocabulary. Finally, we have analyzed the results of questionnaires by comparative tables and exercises have been proposed to improve the fluidity of children.","Jakina da eskolan arrakasta izateko hizkuntzaren erabilera aldagai garrantzitsua dela. Hori horrela, lan honetan 4-7 urte bitarteko hamabi neska mutilen jariotasuna eta lexikoaren ezagutza aztertzen dira. Betiere, kontuan izanda haur horien ama hizkuntza ezberdina dela, hots, euskara edota erdara (atzerriko edozein hizkuntza). Helburua herriko hizkera lagunartean (eskolan) bertan gauzatzen dela frogatzea da. Horretarako, haur hauek galdetegi baten bidez elkarrizketatu dira. Jarraian transkribatu eta honen azterketa linguistikoa egin da, jariotasuna eta lexiko aztertuz. Azkenik, konparaketa taulez baliatuz galdetegietako emaitzak aztertu dira eta zenbait haurrek hitz egiterako orduan erakusten duten jariotasuna handitu ahal izateko eskolan lantzeko zenbait proposamen egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54647,2021-12-22,"Gastric cancer is a major health burden worldwide; however, there is still no consensus on the number of lymph nodes to be removed for their correct post-surgical staging. Therefore, new staging systems for regional lymphatic spread that do not depend on the extent of lymphadenectomy have recently been proposed: Metastatic Node Ratio (NR) and the log-odds of positive lymph nodes (LODDS), thus reducing the stage migration phenomenon. Materials and Methods: In this work the data of the patients with gastric adenocarcinoma operated in the OSI-EECruces between 2010 and 2014 has been analysed, in order to compare the prognostic effect of pN, the Ratio of Metastatic Nodes divided into thirds (NRt) and LODDS, as well as their association with survival and their performance in patients with <15 resected nodes. Results and Conclusions: pN, NRt and LODDS have been identified as independent prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis. NRt is presented as a novel and interesting staging system, easy to implement in the clinical practice. LODDS, despite having obtained better statistical results, has a more difficult applicability. In cases where the surgical performance is <15 nodes, NRt and LODDS systems can be used with reasonable predictive value.","Sarrera: Urdaileko minbizia osasun-karga handia da mundu osoan; hala ere, oraindik ez dago adostasunik kirurgian erauzi beharreko gongoil linfatikoen kopuruari buruz, estadifikazio postkirurgiko doia lortzeko. Hori dela-eta, berriki, linfadenektomiaren hedapenak eragiten ez dituen eskualdeko barreiadura linfatikoa estadifikatzeko sistema berriak proposatu dira: nodulu metastasikoen ratioa (NR) eta nodulu linfatiko positiboen log-odds (LODDS), estadio-migrazioaren fenomenoa gutxitu nahian. Material eta Metodoak: Lan honetan, ESI-EEGurutzetan 2010 eta 2014 urteen artean adenokartzinoma gastrikoaz operatutako pazienteen datuak aztertu dira, pN, Nodulu Metastasikoen Ratioa herenetan banatuta (NRt) eta LODDSen ahalmen pronostikoa eta biziraupenarekin duten asoziazioa aztertzeko, bai eta eredu desberdinek <15 gongoil erauzita duten pazienteetan duten errendimendua ere. Emaitzak eta Ondorioak: pN, NRt eta LODDS faktore pronostiko independente gisa identifikatu dira aldagai anitzeko analisian. NRt estadifikazio-sistema itxaropentsu eta interesgarri gisa aurkezten da, ohiko praktika klinikoan erraz barneratu daitekeena. LODDS, emaitza estatistiko hobeak lortu arren, aplikagarritasun zailagoa du. Bestalde, errendimendu kirurgikoa <15 nodulukoa denean, NRt eta LODDS sistemak arrazoizko balio prediktiboarekin erabil daitezke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60230,2023-03-03,"We are part of a society that changes at a frenetic pace, in which the overload of stimuli and the amount of information available generates a high level of stress that undoubtedly tarnish our mental, emotional and physical well-being. In the educational system, importance has always been given to the acquisition of theoretical contents and not to the most transcendental contents, those that deepen in our feelings, in what we really are. It is for these reasons that many people reach adulthood without tools or resources for self-management, with an emotional backpack that they can no longer bear. In many occasions, an excess of negative emotionality can bring with it different problems that directly affect the health of the person. In order to face the problems that appear during our life in a more conscious and mature way, it is essential to have an early intervention from early childhood, which allows us to understand each emotion, which teaches us to regulate our feelings, to empathize, to love ourselves, to self-regulate ourselves, etc. It is for this reason that in recent years research has been done on Mindfulness and on the benefits of this practice in both adults and children, and it has been shown that in addition to enhancing the conscious enjoyment of the good moments that life offers, it also serves to achieve a better management of reactions and impulses in the most painful situations. Therefore, this paper proposes an awareness-raising workshop aimed at early childhood education teachers whose main objective is to raise awareness and encourage the promotion of this practice in the classroom.","Erritmo frenetikoan aldatzen den gizarte baten bizi gara, non estimuluen gainkargak eta eskura dugun informazioak estres maila handia sortzen duten, zalantzarik gabe, gure ongizate psikiko, emozional eta fisikoa zikintzen dutenak. Hezkuntza-sisteman, beti eman izan zaio garrantzia eduki teorikoak eskuratzeari, eta ez eduki transzendentalenei, gure sentimenduetan sakontzen dutenei edota benetan garenari. Arrazoi horiengatik, pertsona asko iristen dira helduarora, autogestionatzeko tresnarik eta baliabiderik gabe, jada jasan ezin duten harriz betetako motxila batekin. Izan ere, askotan, emozionaltasun negatibo gehiegi izateak pertsonaren osasunari zuzenean eragiten dioten hainbat arazo ekar ditzake. Bizitzan sortzen diren arazoei modu kontzienteagoan eta helduagoan aurre egin ahal izateko, funtsezkoa da lehen haurtzarotik esku-hartze goiztiarra egitea. Esku-hartze horri esker, emozio bakoitza ulertu ahal izango dugu, gure sentimenduak erregulatzen, enpatia sentitzen , gu geu maitatzen, geure burua autoerregulatzen eta abar irakasten diguna. Horregatik, azken urte hauetan, Mindfulness-ari buruz ikertu da, eta, horrez gain, neska-mutilei ekar dakieken gozamen eta onurei buruz ere ikertu da. Beraz, lan honetan haur hezkuntzako irakasleei zuzendutako sentsibilizazio-tailer bat proposatzen da, ikasgelan praktika hori sustatzera sentsibilizatzea eta animatzea helburu nagusitzat duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60266,2023-03-06,"The learning of the reading process and the encouragement of reading are two concepts that are completely linked. Many of the difficulties that students may have during the literacy process can generate rejection of reading. Ih this work, through a bibliographic review information has been collected on the situation of reading in childhood and literature based on the image as a way to encourage the reading. Taking the theoretical part into account, an investigation has been carried out in a school in the Basque Country with 50 students in the second year of Primary Education and two teachers from the same center. Among the different objectives of the work, we wanted to analyze how the reading is worked at school, if the image is a valid tool to promote reading and if the didactic proposal made is efficient. Through the different research tools used, the results obtained in this Final Degree Project (FDP) have been favorable, since a high percentage of the students affirm that thanks to having worked on reading from visual literacy, their motivation for reading has been increased.","Irakurketa-prozesua eta irakurzaletasuna erabat lotuta dauden bi kontzeptu dira, alfabetatze-prozesuan ikasleek izan ditzaketen zailtasunetako askok irakurketari uko egitea eragin dezaketelako. Lan honetan, berrikuspen bibliografiko baten bidez haurtzaroko irakurketa-egoerari buruzko informazioa bildu da, baita irudian oinarritutako literatura irakurketa sustatzeko bitartekaria den ere. Alderdi teorikoak diona kontuan hartuta modu enpirikoan ikerketa bat burutu da Euskal Herriko eskola batean, Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren mailako 50 ikasleekin eta ikastetxe bereko bi irakasleekin. Ikerketaren helburuen artean, eskolan irakurketa nola lantzen den, irudia irakurketa sustatzeko tresna baliagarria den eta aurrera eramandako proposamen didaktikoa eraginkorra den aztertu nahi izan da. Ikerketa tresna desberdinen bidez Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan lortutako emaitzak aldekoak izan dira; izan ere, ikasleen ehuneko handi batek dio irakurketa alfabetatze bisualetik lantzeari esker irakurketarako motibazioa handitu egin dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34824,2019-07-26,"The aim of this Master Final Project is to create a TRNSYS model of TECNALIA’s Miñano 2 building in the Technology Park of Miñano in Álava, which validated with real consumption data, allows the analysis of different improvement actions to achieve the NZEB standard. This is achieved by three-dimensional modelling of the building with SketchUp, its characterization and its simulation with TRNSYS, considering available information about the current condition of it and its installations. The methodology, resources and assumptions that are applied are always described. Thus, the results obtained, their validation through real gas consumption data and electricity consumption data allows to carry out an exhaustive analysis of the building's current thermal and electrical demands. In this way, a potential for improvement is observed in the satisfaction of thermal demand, for which possible actions are proposed focused on achieving greater energy efficiency of the building. Finally, the most relevant conclusions are drawn regarding the realization of this work.","Master Bukaerako Lan honen helburu nagusia Miñanoko Parke Teknologikoan (Araba) dagoen TECNALIA-ren Miñano 2 eraikinaren TRNSYS modeloa egitea da. Modelo honen baliozkotzeak kontsumo datu errealen bidez, NZEB kalifikazioa lortzeko hobekuntza neurrien azterketa ahalbidetzen du. Horretarako, eraikinari buruz eta haren instalazioei eskuragai dagoen informazioa kontuan hartuta, eraikinaren hiru dimentsioko eredua egiten da SketchUp+TrnsysS3d programa erabilita, haren propietateak TRNBuild erabiliz sartzen dira, eta azkenik, TRNSYS programarekin simulazioa egiten da. Halaber, jarraitzen den metodologia, erabilitako baliabideak eta egindako hipotesiak deskribatzen dira. Gainera, lortutako emaitzekin, haien balioztazearekin gas kontsumoen bidez eta elektrizitate kontsumo datuekin, eraikinaren egungo elektrizitate- eta bero-eskarien azterketa sakona egiten da. Horrela, bero-eskariaren asetzean hobekuntza potentzial handia ikusten da eta horretarako, zenbait ekintza proposatzen dira eraikinaren energia-eraginkortasuna hobe dadin. Azkenik, egindako lanarekiko amaierako konklusioak ateratzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19611,2016-11-25,"Thanks to the proliferation of video streaming platforms today, users can have a huge number of music videos. These services allow online playback of your videos. Although initially these services were created with the sole purpose of enabling sharing videos, many users use these services to listen to your favorite music. In principle, this form of sharing musical content, it is really beneficial to users, but there is a great limitation in the manner and place in which users can play these videos. The video streaming services, do not allow downloading videos, or audio extraction thereof, for later playback. The realization of this Final Project aims to develop and implement a platform for downloading media content (PDCM, acronym in Spanish) hosted on streaming servers. Applying knowledge gained during the development of degree, and especially in the very subjects of the branch of telematics, along with other knowledge of advanced technologies in the field of web, is intended to successfully carry out the development and implementation of a first phase of the platform.","Video streaming plataformen ugaritzea gaur esker, erabiltzaileek musika bideoak kopuru handi bat izan daiteke. Zerbitzu horiek baimendu online Zure bideoen erreprodukzioa. Hasieran, zerbitzu horiek partekatzea bideoak ahalbidetzen helburu bakarrarekin sortu baziren ere, erabiltzaile askok zerbitzu horiek erabili zure gogoko musika entzuteko. Printzipioz, musika-edukiak partekatzeko forma hau, benetan erabiltzaileentzat onuragarria da, baina ez era eta leku horietan erabiltzaileek bideo horiek erreproduzitu ahal muga handia da. Bideoa zerbitzuak streaming, ez dute onartzen bideoak eta audio erauzketa deskargatzea kontratuan, geroago erreproduzitzeko. Final Project hau gauzatzeko xedea garatzeko eta plataforma bat ezartzea streaming zerbitzarietan ostatatuta media edukia deskargatzen da. Aplikatuz ezagutza maila garapenean zehar irabazi, eta, batez ere, telematikoak adarrean, beste teknologia aurreratuak ezagutzaren web alorrean batera oso gaiei dagokienez, xedea, garatzeko eta ezartzeko lehen bat arrakastaz burutzea plataformaren fasea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41363,2020-02-20,"Nowadays, gender division can be clearly seen in society. The main objective of this research work has been to investigate up to what point children in Pre-Primary Education have embraced the gender roles and stereotypes that society transmits. In order to do so, a diagnosis intervention has been practised with children aged 5 and 6, carrying out tests and open conversations about significant topics for them. The results obtained in this research have had qualitative treatment and after analysing the information, many conclusions have been drawn. Even though there are exceptions, we have seen that children have embraced the gender roles and stereotypes. With this assignment a small contribution has been wanted to do, in order to push forward coeducation. INGELESA","Gaur egun oraindik jendartean generoaren araberako zatiketa garbia ikus daiteke. Egoera hori kontutan izanda, ikerketa-lan honen helburu nagusia Haur Hezkuntzako haurrek gizarteak transmitituriko genero rolak zein estereotipoak zenbateraino dituzten barneratuta aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, diagnostiko mailako esku-hartze bat egin da 5 eta 6 urteko haurrekin, haientzat esanguratsuak diren gaien inguruko talde-proba zein elkarrizketa irekiak aurrera eramanez. Ikerketan lortutako emaitzei tratamendu kualitatiboa eman zaie eta bildutako informazioa aztertu ondoren, ondorio nagusi batzuk atera dira. Hainbat esparrutan salbuespenak dauden arren, haurrek genero rolak eta estereotipoak barneratuta dituztela ikusi da. Lan honen bitartez ekarpentxo bat egin nahi izan da etorkizunera begira, hezkidetzari bultzada emateko xedearekin. EUSKARA" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73247,2025-05-07,"One of the current educational challenges is the relationship between the family and the school, since in addition to the professionals and educators at the schools, the educational processes of the pupils are compound of other institutions, such as the family. This research work is based on the analysis of the relationship between families and their children's schools. To this end, surveys and interviews have been carried out in two different schools in the Getxo neighborhood, analyzing several aspects directly related to this issue, to know the reality of their relationship with their families. The results clearly indicate that, in order to educate children and ensure their well-being, networking is essential.","Gaur egungo hezkuntza erronketako bat familia eta ikastetxearen arteko harremana da, ikastetxeetako profesionalez eta hezitzaileez gain, ikasleen hezkuntza-prozesuak beste batzuek ere osatzen baitituzte, hala nola, familia. Ikerketa lan honek, familiek haien seme-alaben ikastetxeekin dituzten harremanak aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako, Getxo auzoko bi ikastetxe ezberdinetan inkestak eta elkarrizketak burutu dira gai honekin lotura zuzena duten alderdi ezberdinak aztertuz, hau da, ikastetxeek familiekin duten harremanaren inguruan haien errealitatea ezagutzeko. Lortutako emaitzek argi adierazi dute, haurrak hezteko eta ongizatea bermatzeko, sarean lan egitea ezinbestekoa dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14285,2015-01-27,"The aim of this project is evaluate the management of biodegradable material of the municipal solid waste according to current rules. For a better understanding, the theoretical basis of the main treatments given to that fraction are developed. In addition, this document provides the resolution of some practical questions about basic variables. In this way, this project gives the opportunity to work on it in the future, in order to create real designs.","Proiektu honen helburua hiri hondakinen zati biodegradarriaren gestioa aztertzea da, beti ere indarrean dauden arauak beterik. Horrez gain, ikerketa hau hainbat tratamenduen garapen teorikoarekin eta zenbait zenbakizko aplikazioekin osatzen da. Beraz, etorkizunean gai honetan sakontzeko aukera izatea eta benetazko egoeretan baliozko diseinuak lortzea bilatzen da egindako lanaren bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25108,2005,"This contribution revises the clinical evidence on the most evaluated indications related to the use of cannabinoids. At the same time the article refers to the essays on the new ways of administration of this substance in order to avoid the harmful effect of smoke in lungs, as the negative effects of cannabis are mainly dependent of the way of administration and the length of exposition.",Kannabinoideek gaur egun dituzten indikazio ebaluatuenen froga klinikoak aztertzen dira. Era berean bide berriak azaltzen dira biriken gaineko kearen efektu kaltegarriak sahiesteko asmoz zeren eta kannabisaren kontrako efektuak administrazio bidearen araberakoak dira eta erabileraren iraupenaren araberakoak. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42010,2020-03-09,"In these last years there have been big technological advances, and because of this, nowadays we normalise that young people and children have a mobile phone. Besides, in many homes televisions, tablets, computers and video games have taken importance, leaving books secondly. As a future teacher, this situation has me concerned, and for that, I feel that I must make an effort to keep the presence of the child literature amongst children. Because of that reason, in this Final Degree Project I have analyzed the relation between children of Trapagaran with the Basque child literature. To carry out that, I have conducted a research work, distributing surveys in the four schools and in the library of this Biscayan town. The parents of third grade and the receptionist of the municipal library have been the people who have answered the surveys. Thanks to the answers received, I have solved different themes to analyze; how parents motivate the reading; where are the books they read from; who do children make this activity with; where are the books they read from; what genre of books they read are; etc. Once received the answers, I have analyzed, placing specially emphasis on the differences between the two public schools (La Escontrilla and San Gabriel) and the two charter schools (Itxaropena Ikastola and Franciscanas de Montpellier). Besides, I have taken account the opinion of the receptionist of the municipal library, to reaffirm the qualitative answers got in the surveys.","Azkeneko urte hauetan aurrerapen handia eman da teknologia berrien alorrean, eta horren eraginez, gaur egun normaltzat hartzen dugu haur eta gazte gehienak sakelako telefono batekin ikustea. Honetaz aparte, etxebizitza askotan telebistek, tabletek, ordenagailuek eta bideojokoek pisu handia hartu dute, liburuak bigarren plano batean utziz. Etorkizuneko irakasle bezala, egoera honek kezkatzen nau, eta haurliteraturaren presentzia haurren artean mantentzeko ahalegindu behar naizela sentitzen dut. Hori dela eta, Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan, Trapagarango umeek euskal haur-literaturarekin zer nolako harremana duten aztertu dut. Hori bideratzeko, landa-lanaren bidezko ikerketa bat aurrera eraman izan dut, herri bizkaitar honetako lau eskoletatik eta herriko liburutegitik galdetegi batzuk banatuz. Galdetegia erantzun dutenak hirugarren mailako gurasoak eta udal liburutegiko harreragilea izan dira. Jasotako erantzunei esker, zenbait aztergaiei erantzuna aurkitu diet: gurasoek nola sustatzen duten irakurketa; haurrek norekin irakurtzen duten; nongo liburuak irakurtzen dituzten; zein generoko liburuak irakurtzen dituzten; etab. Behin erantzunak jaso ditudala, horiek aztertu ditut, eta herriko bi eskola publikoen (La Escontrilla eta San Gabriel) eta itunpeko bien (Itxaropena Ikastola eta Franciscanas de Montpellier) artean ematen diren desberdintasunetan batez ere enfasia jarri dut. Gainera, udal liburutegiko harreragilearen iritzia ere kontuan hartu dut, eskoletan egindako inkestetatik lortutako emaitza kualitatiboak baieztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26814,1995,"A research-action project about victim-offender mediation developed in Belgium is presentd, and te mediation process, expedientes selection, mediaton role, mediation labour, and writing accord, the same as the results obtained after a period of experience with violent crimes are analysed. Likewise, and on the basis of these results, the inherent elements of the mediation process are explained.","Belgikan garatutako biktima-gaizkile arartekotasunari buruzko ikerketa-ekintza proiektu bat aurkezten da. proiektu honetan arartekotasun prozesua, expedienteen aukera, arartekoaren papaera, arartekotasunaren lana eta idatzitako akordioa, bai lortutako emaitzak (indarkeriaz egindako gaizkintzekin ikertu ondoren) aztertu egiten dira. Era berean, eta emaitza hauetan oinarrituz, arartekotasunaren prozesuari atxekitako elementuak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36827,2019-12-12,"The demand on transmission systems has increased considerably in recent years due to the rapid growth of electricity demand. Demand Side Management and Dynamic Line Rating play an important role in improving the problems that air transmission lines face today. In this document, a Dynamic Rating of the Abanto-Castro line is carried out and the possibility of applying any Demand Side Management strategies on it is studied. Key words: Side Management, demand, Dynamic Rating, lines.","Garraio-sistemen gaineko eskakizuna nabarmen hazi da azken urteetan, eskaera elektrikoak izandako hazkunde azkarra dela eta. Eskaeraren Kudeaketa Aktiboak eta aireko lineen jarraipen dinamikoak zeregin garrantzitsua betetzen dute gaur egungo aireko garraio lineek aurre egin beharreko arazoak hobetzeko. Dokumentu honetan, Abanto-Castro aire lineko jarraipen dinamikoa egiten da, baita hartan eskaeraren kudeaketa aktiboaren estrategiak aplikatzeko aukera aztertu ere. Hitz gakoak: kudeaketa,eskari elektrikoa, jarraipen dinamikoa, aire lineak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70292,2024-02-06,"This paper analyses the widely known legislative reform on sexual freedom, known as the ""only yes is yes"" law. This study embarks on the reconstruction of the most relevant events that have taken place since the beginning of this reform and simultaneously examines the various objections raised, relating them to the limiting principles of ius puniendi. Finally, it analyses, through the use of interpretative tools, the SC rulings that endorse the reduction of sentences on the grounds that the law is now more beneficial for the offender.","Lan honetan sexu-askatasunaren arloko lege-erreforma ezaguna, esatebaterako, "" Bai bakarrik da bai"" legea bezala ezagutzen dena aztertzen da. Azterketa honen bidez, hasieratik izandako gertakari garrantzitsuenak berreraikitzen dira, eta, aldi berean, planteatutako eragozpenak aztertzen dira, hauek ius puniendi-aren printzipio mugatzaileekin loturik. Azkenik, interpretazio-tresnak erabiliz, Auzitegi Gorenaren sententziak aztertzen dira, zehazki, zigorren murrizketa bermatzen dutenak legea errudunarentzat onuragarriagoa dela kontsideratu ostean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58303,2022-11-10,"The reality of unaccompanied minors arriving in our country has been plagued for years by a fragile system of protection for them when they reach the age of majority. That is why the main purpose of this Final Degree Project will be the realization of an analysis of the significance of the latest reform related to obtaining and renewing the residence permit of these foreigners by Royal Decree 903/2021, of October 19, amending the Regulation of the Organic Law 4/2000, on rights and freedoms of foreigners in Spain and their social integration, after its reform by Organic Law 2/2009, approved by Royal Decree 557/2011, of April 20, which gives way to a better fate for these foreigners extutelados. In this way, we will first investigate, as an approximation, the social and labor insertion of these young people, an issue closely linked to the conservation of the residence permit. Then, passing through an analysis of the change in the protection regime upon reaching the age of majority, emphasis will finally be placed on the changes that have occurred in relation to the conservation and renewal of the residence permit of these young foreigners upon emancipation thanks to RD 903/2021.","Gure herrialdera iristen diren inoren kargura ez dauden adingabeen errealitatea urteetan zehar astindu du adingabeak babesteko sistema hauskor batek, adin-nagusitasunera iristean. Hori dela eta, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia izango da atzerritar horien bizileku-baimena lortzearekin eta berritzearekin lotutako azken erreformaren garrantziari buruzko azterketa bat egitea, atzerritarrek Espainian dituzten eskubide eta askatasunei buruzko 4/2000 Lege Organikoaren Erregelamendua aldatzen duen urriaren 19ko 903/2021 Errege Dekretuaren eskutik, 2011ko apirilaren 1etik 557/2009 Errege Dekretura bitarteko Errege Dekretu bidez aldatu ondoren. Horrela, lehenik eta behin, gazte horien gizarteratzea eta laneratzea aztertuko da, hurbilketa moduan, egoitza-baimenaren kontserbazioarekin estuki lotuta baitago. Jarraian, adin-nagusitasuna betetzean babes-erregimenaren aldaketa aztertuko dugu, eta, azkenik, atzerriko gazte horien egoitza-baimena mantentzeari eta berritzeari buruz gertatu diren aldaketak azpimarratuko ditugu, 903/2021 EDari esker emantzipatu baitira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60220,2023-03-03,"This final degree thesis aims to reflect the importance of working on orality from Early Childhood Education, specifically; it stresses the need to start working onorality and communication from the first education stage. Therefore, we will observe how language develops at the age of two and how those children begin to combine words towards the production of increasingly complex sentences. Likewise, a section will be dedicated to a very current topic, bilingualism and the learning of second languages. Not only that but also, some techniques and resources that can be used to benefit communication and oral expression will be developed. Finally, a series of activities will be proposed to work in the two years old classroom, designed to contribute to the process of developing oral comprehension and expression.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua ahozko hizkuntza Haur Hezkuntzan lantzearen garrantzia islatzea da; zehazki, ahozkotasuna eta komunikazioa lehenengo etapatik lantzen hasteko beharra azpimarratzen du. Horretarako, hizkuntza bi urteetan nola garatzen den ikusiko dugu, eta nola hasten diren hitzak konbinatzen, gero eta esaldi konplexuagoak osatzeko. Era berean, atal bat eskainiko zaio gaurkotasun handia duen gai bati, elebitasuna eta bigarren hizkuntzen ikaskuntzari. Halaber, ahozko komunikazioa eta adierazpena errazteko erabili daitezkeen hainbat teknika eta baliabideak garatuko dira. Eta, azkenik, bi urteko gelan lantzeko jarduera batzuk proposatuko dira, ahozko ulermena eta adierazpena garatzeko prozesuan laguntzeko diseinatuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25784,2018-03-20,"The purpose of this project is the design, calculation and definition of the necessary structure for the construction of an industrial building equipped with a bridge crane of two tons of load capacity. The project contains the necessary documents (plans and calculations) for the correct and constructive definition of the following elements: -Foundation of the ship based on isolated footings, joined by braces to avoid relative displacements -Metal structure prepared to house the crane bridge and the support of slabs and enclosures. -Closure based on sandwich panels. For the calculations of the structure and the foundation, the 3D Metal Portal and New Generator module was used by Cype Ingenieros, in addition to the Cespla program for the verification of some elements.","Proiektu honen helburua da eraikuntza industrial baten eraikuntza egiteko bi zutabeko zubi-garabia duten zubi-garabi batekin hornitutako egituren diseinua, kalkulua eta definizioa. Proiektuak beharrezkoak diren dokumentuak ditu (planak eta kalkuluak), honako elementu hauen definizio zehatza eta konstruktiboa lortzeko: -Zabatu isolatuetan oinarrituriko ontziaren balioa, giltza bateratuta, desplazamendu erlatiboak saihesteko. zubia eta eltzeak eta itxiturak babestea. -Sandwich paneletan oinarritutako eskuliburua. Egitura eta fundazioaren kalkuluak egiteko, 3D Metal Portal eta Generador de Porticos modulua Cype Ingenierosek erabili zuten, zenbait elementu egiaztatzeko Cespla programaz gain." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54019,2021-11-23,"A few years ago, the professional sector was introduced to the term ""cloud"" by implementing technologies based on the processing and storage of data in the cloud that allow greater availability and efficiency in the use of physical resources. However, this trend has not been the same in the education sector, which can also benefit from the adoption of these technologies for a more efficient management of the infrastructure and an improvement in the quality of the education offered. In order to demonstrate these benefits, a platform as a service (PaaS) based on OpenShift, from RedHat, has been developed. The preparation of this work includes the process of installing the ""cluster"" of servers in a virtual environment and the description of the benefits obtained after performing several tests on the platform. In addition, a plan to improve the project in the future has been included, with a detailed explanation of how to replicate it in a physical environment.","Duela urte batzuk, sektore profesionala ""Cloud"" terminoan sartu zen, datuak hodeian prozesatzean eta biltegiratzean oinarritutako teknologiak inplementatuz. Teknologia hauek, baliabide fisikoen erabilgarritasunean eskuragarritasun eta eraginkortasun hobea ahalbidetzen dute. Hala ere, joera hori ez da berdina izan hezkuntza-sektorean; izan ere, teknologia horiek azpiegitura modu eraginkorragoan kudeatzeko eta eskainitako hezkuntzaren kalitatea hobetzeko erabil daitezke. Onura horiek frogatzeko, RedHaten OpenShift oinarritutako zerbitzu (PaaS) plataforma bat garatu da. Lan hau egiterakoan, zerbitzarien ""klusterra"" ingurune birtual batean instalatzeko prozesua eta plataformari buruzko hainbat proba egin ondoren lortutako onurak deskribatu dira. Gainera, etorkizunean proiektua hobetzeko plan bat elaboratu da, ingurune fisiko batean lana erreplikatzeko azalpen zehatz-mehatz batekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60834,2023-04-21,"Type II diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when the body cannot make good use of the insulin the pancreas produces. The number of people with diabetes is increasing and measures must be taken to address this situation. Physical exercise is a crucial factor in the treatment of type II diabetes. Knowing this, with the aim of obtaining benefits in people with type II diabetes, a training programme has been designed in this final degree project, which includes aerobic resistance and strength training.","II motako diabetesa gorputzak pankreak sortutako intsulina behar bezala erabili ezin duenean ematen da. Diabetesa duten pertsonen kasuak goraka doaz eta honen aurrean ezinbestekoa da neurriak hartzea. II motako diabetesaren tratamenduan ariketa fisikoa funtsezko elementua da. Hau jakinda, gradu amaierako lan honetan, II motako diabetesa duten pertsonetan onurak lortzeko helburuarekin erresistentzia aerobikoa eta indar entrenamendua barne hartzen dituen entrenamendu programa bat diseinatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29870,2017-07-14,"The perception of insecurity is a phenomenon that has a great impact on citizens of contemporary societies. This work offers a review of the literature related to people’s fear of crime from a sociological perspective. One case in particular is presented: the study of received insecurity in the urban intermodal station of Atotxa in Saint Sebastian (Spain), based on data collected during an internship at the Municipal Guard of the city and the surveys done by people in this area. This analysis allows to make a comparison between objective and subjective data about citizen’s safety at this place.","Gizarte garaikideenko herritarren artean, segurtasun ezaren pertzepzioa eragin handia duen fenomeno da. Lan honetan, ikuspuntu soziologiko batetik, delituarekiko beldurrarekin lotutako literaturen berrikusketa azaltzen da, eta kasu zehatz bat aurkezten da: Donostiako Atotxako hiri-intermodalean hautematen den segurtasun ezaren azterketa, Donostiako Udaltzaingoan egindako praktiketan jasotako datuen bidez, baita inguruko auzokideei egindako inkesten bidez. Azterketa honi esker, herritarren segurutasunaren datu objektiboen eta subjektiboen arteko lotura ahalbidetzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30784,2018-06-22,"The aim of this work is to analyse the grounding bases and the development of the so-called Right to Understand. Precisely, all the citizens have the right to understand on their own both the public regulations and the written and oral communications of the professionals of the law and the administration. For the purpose of making proposals aligned with the objectives of the Right to Understand, public institutions, social agents and particulars have run several initiatives. In this dissertation, we will off","Lan honen helburua da aztertzea zein diren Ulertzeko Eskubidearen oinarriak eta garapena nazioartean eta geure ingurune gertuan. Izan ere, herritar orori aitortzen zaie estatuak emandako arauak zein dokumentuak, eta zuzenbideko eta administrazioko profesionalen ahozko zein idatzizko komunikazioak bitartekaritzarik gabe ulertzeko eskubidea. Hori horrela, botere publikoek, gizarte-eragileek eta entitate pribatuek ekimen ugari abiatu dituzte eskubide horri nolabaiteko bermea eskaintzearren. Lan honetan, hain zuzen ere, ekimen horien berri emango da eta horien guztien ekarpenak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29491,2018-10-31,"In this project a drone that can follow a person with a visual marker is designed and developed. The drone, also called quadcopter, has a camera on its front so it can track the target. It’s going to be designed a software that detects a specific colour predefined by the user, and it tracks that colour along the time also. Another software capable of controlling the drone and maintaining a specific altitude is going to be designed as well. Since the drone is completely autonomous, it’s not necessary the interaction with the user.","Proiektu honetan diseinatuko eta egingo da jarraitzen duen dron bat kolorea detektatzen. Dron-a, “quadcopter” deitu ere, kamera bat aurrean dauka artezkaria jarraitzeko. Diseinatuko den software-rra kolore bat detektatzen du eta jarraitzen du pertsona denboran. Bestalde, diseinatuko da dron-aren hegaldi kontrolatzailea eta hegan egin ahal duela altitude batean. Ez du behar erabiltzailearen interakzioa, autonomoa balitelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16173,2015-11-24,"Currently companies not only have to take into account their economic results, but also the results that will allow them to satisfy the needs of customers and other stakeholders. One of the tools that organizations use in order to achieve that satisfaction is the utilization of management system standards such as the ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 and OHSAS 18001:2007. Recently many companies have opted for the integration of these systems with the aim of creating synergies: this integration reduces costs, it eliminates duplicities etc. The aim of this research is to analyze the different modes of implementation, the main reason why companies opt for the integration and the advantages and difficulties of the process. Moreover, Gamesa’s case will be developed to explain, among other things, their decision to integrate the management systems.","Gaur egun, enpresek emaitza ekonomikoez gain, interes taldeen beharrak eta itxaropenak kontuan hartu behar dituzte. Hau lortzeko erabiltzen den tresnetako bat kudeaketa sistema normalizatuez baliatzea da, esate baterako ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004 eta OHSAS 18001:2007 arauak. Duela gutxi enpresa askok sistema hauek integratzen hasi dira, sinergiak sortzeko helburuarekin, hau da, kostuak murrizteko, bikoizketak ezabatzeko etab. Lan honetan, lehenik eta behin kudeaketa sistema integratuak ezartzeko modu ezberdinak, ezarpena egiteko arrazoiak eta integrazioaren abantailak eta oztopoak aztertuko dira. Ondoren, Gamesa enpresaren kasua aurkeztuko da, besteak beste, kudeaketa sistema integratua aurrera eramateko erabakia eta lortutako emaitzak ikertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36503,2019-11-27,"The Mechanical Analysis and Design Group (ADM) from the Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao (UPV/EHU) has initiated a line of research in roller bearing dynamics. In particular, they are focused on wind turbine gearboxes and they aim at an analytically modelled simulator. This project is the former part of the research, and its main objective is to solve numerically the most relevant dynamic phenomena in cylindrical roller bearings and to prepare an analytical model which gathers the formulations of these interactions. In this way, physical phenomena between bodies have been reproduced separately and the comprehensive model is ready for programming. The obtained results prove that the methodology followed is appropriate for modelling such a complex system in which relative motion, multiple collisions and deformation are present.","Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako (UPV/EHU) Analisi eta Diseinu Mekanikoa Taldeak (ADM) arraboladun errodamenduen dinamikaren inguruko ikerketa lerroa hasi berri du. Zehatz esanda, turbina eolikoen biderkatzaileetan zentratuta daude eta analitikoki eredututako simulagailua dute jomuga. Lan hau ikerketaren lehen pausua da, eta helburu nagusiak arrabola zilindrikodun errodamenduetako fenomeno dinamiko esanguratsuenak numerikoki ebaztea eta elkarrekintza hauen formulazioak jasotzen dituen eredu analitikoa prestatzea dira. Horrela, gorputzen arteko fenomeno fisikoak banan-banan landu dira eta eredu bateratua programatzeko prest dago. Higidura erlatiboa, talka anizkoitzak eta deformazioa bezalakoak aintzat hartuta, lortutako emaitzek hautatutako metodologia horren sistema konplexuak eredutzeko aproposa dela erakusten dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67901,2024-05-10,"Nowadays, there is not any specific software prepared for the inspection of anisotropic materials. These softwares treat anisotropic materials as isotropic and the results of the inspections are not optimum. That is why in this project it has been developed an algorithm in which the anisotropic character of these materials has been taken into account. For that purpose, using the knowledge gained inspecting isotropic materials and using the CIVA software for inspections, 5 different materials with the same two defects have been simulated. The results of the algorithm which takes into consideration the anisotropy of the materials have been successful. The improvement on the location of the defects for the anisotropic algorithm has been of 81, 8% and 78% for each flaw on average. Due to that, it has been proven the efficiency and reliability of the developed algorithm. This work is the beginning of the path for the growth of different algorithms in order to improve the quality of the inspections in anisotropic materials.","Gaur egun, ultrasoinuen bidezko inspekzioetan, ez dago material anisotropoak az tertzeko prest dagoen software espezifikorik. Software hauek pieza anisotropoak isotropotzat hartzen dituzte eta inspekzioen emaitzek ez dute kalitate optimoa.Honengatik, material anisotropoen izaera kontuan hartzen duen algoritmoa garatu da proiektu honen bidez. Honetarako, material isotropikoak aztertzetik hartu den ezagutzaren bidez, inspekzioen simulazioak egiten dituen CIVA software-arekin, bi defektu dituzten 5 material ezberdin simulatu dira. Anisotropikotasuna kontuan hartzen duen algoritmoaren emaitzak oso onuragarriak izan dira bi defektuen ko kalekuen hobekuntzak %81, 8-koa eta %78-koa izan direlako bataz bestean. Beraz,garatu den algoritmoaren eraginkortasuna eta zehaztasuna bermatuta geratzen da.Honek bidea argitzen du algoritmo berrien garapenerako eta material anisotropikoen inspekzioen hobekuntzarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16453,2015-12-14,"The project included in this TFGGraduation Thesis is about the design of a shielded plant for industrial gammagraphy. In order to do this test a radiation shield is needed so it is not harmful to stay near the working room. To estimate the thickness of the wall needed the software NCNPX is to be used, as it is a leading tool in the study of radiation interaction with matter. Due radiation’s invisible nature and it being unnoticable by natural means very strict use protocols and high security measures are necessary in order to avoid accidents or health problems.","Gradu bukaera lan honetan sartutako proiektua, gammagrafia industrialeko errealizaziorako blindatutako instalazio bateko diseinuari buruz da. Entsegua egiteko, erradiazioari era eraginkorrean aurre egiten dion ezkutua beharrezkoa izan da, kalte fisiologikoak gertutasunetan aurkitzen dituzten banako haiei saihesteko asmoz. Beharrezko lodiera kalkulatzeko, materiarekiko erradiazio interakzio ikerketarako, MCNPX-a softwarea erabiliko da. Medio naturalengatiko natura ikusezin eta detektaezinagatik, beharrezkoak dira erabilera-protokolo oso zorrotz batzuk eta segurtasun-neurri handiak osasun arazoak edo istripuak saihesteko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26287,1989,Considerations about Christ and Christians with regard to Criminal Justice today are exposed through ten new-old evangelical Beatitudes.,"Hamar Dohatsutasun ebangeliko zahar-berrien bidez, kristo eta kristauek gaur egungo Justizia penalaren aurrean duten jarreraren azalpen bat egiten zaigu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36502,2019-11-27,"Abstract Nowadays, communications have reached a globalized level, in which a large number of very different devices interact to exchange information. The need arises to find a solution that allows the interoperability of devices of different nature. This globalization has reached the industrial world and communications between the devices that make it up, giving rise to the so-called Industry 4.0. This project is based on the development of a testbench that allows checking the operation of new systems that support the Ethernet 802.3 standard in time sensitive networks. The concrete standard on which we work is the 802.3br that provides an improvement to interoperability, through coexistence in the same link of high priority traffic and non-priority traffic. This testbench marks the start towards the development of this new technology and allows verifying compliance with the standards of the norm that develop in the future. In addition, it allows knowing and analysing from a more detailed level the operation and the needs of time-sensitive networks, in which the links must meet the necessary conditions to offer an adequate, quality and reliable service.","Laburpena Gaur egun, hedabideak maila batera heldu dira non, neurri handi batean, oso ezberdinak diren gailu askok elkarrekin izaten dituzten informazioa elkarrekin trukatzen duten. Mota ezberdineko gailuen elkarrenganako operakortasuna ahalbidetzeko konponbidea aurkitzearen beharra sortzen da. Globalizazio hori industriako mundura eta mundu hori osatzen duen tresneriaren komunikazioetara heldu da, '4.0' deitutako industria sortuz. Proiektua froga banku baten garapenean oinarritzen da, zeinean sistema berri batzuen funtzionamendua frogatu ahal dugun, Ethernet 802.3 estandarra denborarekiko sentikorrak diren sareetan onartzen dutenek. Erabiltzen den estandarra, zehazki, '802.3br'-a da, interoperabilitatearekiko hobekuntza dakarrena, lotura berean lehentasun altuko eta lehentasun baxuko trafikoaren elkarbizitzaren bidez. Froga banku horrek aipatutako teknologia berriaren garatzearen hasiera dakar, eta etorkizunean garatutako gailuak araudia betetzen duten a la ez egiaztatzera ahalbidetzen du. Bestalde, denborarekiko sentikorrak diren sareen beharrak eta funtzionamendua ezagutzea eta aztertzea baimentzen du, non loturak beharrezko baldintzak bete behar dituzten egokia, kalitatezkoa eta fidagarria den zerbitzua eskaintzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19599,2016-11-24,"Sudden cardiac arrest is the main reason of death in developed countries. Survival rate of people who suffer an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is very low, around 9 %. Following the protocol defined by the chain of survival and the guidelines, the probability of survival increases. According to many authors, the outcome of the patient after cardiac arrest (less cerebral injuries, coma...) also is related with the quality of chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The main aim of this project is the development of many tools to carry out the analysis of the relationship between the quality of chest compressions (this work considers seven different quality metrics) and patient outcome (i. e., survival and quality of life). For that purpose, database with necessary characteristics was created. Then, algorithms to calculate chest compressions' quality metrics were developed and implemented in a Graphical User Interface (GUI). This tool provides the chance of visualizing the signals and information of each episode of the database, and also gives possibility to make the necessary cuts to calculate compressions' parameters (it is possible to take certain windows of each episode). On the other hand, different calculation method to calculate some quality metrics were tested and compared by the aid of developed GUI. Finally, another tool was developed to perform the analysis of the influence of chest compressions in successful resuscitation episodes. This document also contains a detailed statistical analysis of the relationship between chest compression quality metrics and the final outcome of the patient.","Bihotz-biriketako geldialdia herrialde garatuetako heriotza-kausa nagusia da. Ospitale kanpoko geldialdia sufritzen duten gaixoen biziraupen-tasa oso txikia da, % 9 ingurukoa. Gaixoari asistentzia azkarra eskainiz eta biziraupen-kateak eta jarraibide ofizialek ezartzen duten protokoloa jarraituz bere biziraupen-probabilitatea handitzea posible da. Hainbat autoren esanetan, biziraupen-probabilitateaz gain, gelditzetik bizirik atera eta geroko bizi-kalitatea (garun-lezioak sufritzea, koma...) hobea izateko probabilitatea ere handitu daiteke bihotz-biriketako berpiztean kalitatezko bular-sakadak eragiten. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia bular-sakaden kalitatearen (lan honetan zazpi parametro ezaugarri kontsideratu dira kalitatea neurtzeko) eta gaixoaren suspertze-arrakastaren (hau da, biziraupena eta bizi-kalitatea) arteko erlazioa aztertzeko tresnen garapena da. Horretarako, proiektuaren garapenerako beharrezkoak diren ezaugarriak dituen datu-basea sortu da. Ondoren, bular-sakaden parametro ezaugarriak kalkulatzeko algoritmoak garatu dira, eta hauek interfaze grafiko (GUI) batean inplementatu dira. GUIaren bidez datu-baseko episodio bakoitzaren bihotz-seinale ezberdinak eta informazioa bistaratzeaz gain, parametroen kalkulua egiteko behar diren seinaleen mozketak egitea ere posible da. Bestalde, parametro ezaugarri batzuk kalkulatzeko kalkulu-metodo ezberdinak frogatu eta alderatu dira, garatutako beste GUI baten laguntzaz. Azkenik, bular-sakadek bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen arrakastan duten eragina neurtzeko azken tresna garatu da. Dokumentu honetan bular-sakaden parametro ezaugarrien eta gaixoaren azken egoeraren arteko erlazioaren analisi estatistikoa ere aurki daiteke" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19856,2016-12-14,"The arch is a structural typology known for thousands of years which has been applied in many construction fields. The arch, due to its natural form, transmits the loads to the ground using just compressive stresses which makes the arch an irreplaceable option for many cases. This typology has resulted in many variations for coverings and has led to other spatial ones like the freestanding coverings, domes, shell elements… It has also been used in bridges where they have been classified as a function of the relative position of the road to the arch getting some types which are mainly deck, through and half-through arch bridges even though there are many variations with inclined arches or transverse ones. An example of the possibilities that arch type structure provides is the old San Mames stadium covering, which was quite more than just a covering, being an icon not only for a football team but also for the city of Bilbao.","Arkua milaka urtetik orain arte ezagututako estruktura tipologia da eraikuntzan hainbat aplikazio izanda. Arkua, bere kurbaren ondorioz, kargak lurrara transmititu ditzake kompresio esfortzuak beserik ez erabiliz, aukera bakarra izanda hainbat kasutarako. Tipologia honek, hainbat estalki bariante izan ditu, hala ere, bere kontzeptua egitura espazialetan hedatu da kubierta autoportanteak, kupulak, kaskara elementuak… emanez. Zubietan beste tipologia motak daude, tableroa arkoaren posizioaren arabera klasifikatutak, goi, erdi eta behe tableroko zubiak edukiz, dena den beste disposizio ikus daitezke, oblikuak eta transbersalak esaterako. Arkuen posibilitateak kubiertak eraikitzerako orduan, San Mames zelaiako tribunaren kubierta zen, zeina futbol taldea eta Bilbao hiriraren ikurran bihurtu zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23142,2017-07,"Polylactides (PLAs) and their composites have been extensively employed as bone fixation devices due to their biodegradability and high tensile modulus. Incorporation of barium sulphate (BaSO4) particles to PLA matrix holds particular interest in this field because of the radiopaque properties of the resulting composites. Additionally, toughness of the polymeric matrix is impressively enhanced after the addition of BaSO4 with almost no adverse effect on the yield strength, providing a promising strategy in the design of materials that are intended to be used in safety-critical applications. However, this strategy affects the response to fatigue of the material. Thus, fatigue behavior of the neat polymer, the blend with BaSO4 and another blend with dopamine (DA) coated BaSO4 should be explored in order to determine how the filler influences in the crack growth and propagation.","Polilaktidak eta haien konposatuak hezur-konpontze gailuetan asko erabiltzen dira duten biodegradagarritasuna eta trakzio tentsio altua direla eta. Bario sulfatozko (BaSO4) partikulen gehiketa PLA matrizetan oso interesgarria da arlo horretan lortutako konposatuek propietate erradiopoak erakusteagatik. Gainera, matrize polimerikoaren zailtasuna biziki handitu egiten da BaSO4-a sartzean muga elastikoan ia eraginik izan gabe. Hau guztia oso interesgarria da, batez ere, segurtasuna kritikoa den aplikazioetan. Hala ere, estrategia honek materialak neke portaeran duen erantzukizunean eragina dauka. Hortaz, polimeroaren, BaSO4zko partikulaz osatutako konposatuaren eta dopaminaz (DA) bildutako partikulaz osatutako sistemen neke portaerak aztertu behar dira partikulek arrakalen sorkuntzan eta hedapenean duten eragina zehazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58926,2022-12-20,"The aim of this research project is to explore the symbolic boundaries drawn by the successive ‘Patriotic Left’ parties and their social base, taking into consideration the scenario of political violence and subsequent cessation of the armed struggle occurred in the Basque Country, popularly known as the ""Basque conflict"". Therefore, I analyse the public discourse of the successive ‘Patriotic Left’ parties and study the attitudes and behaviour of their social base. For the former, 32 opinion articles and chronicles published between 1980 and 2021 have been employed, while for the latter, an index of affective polarisation has been elaborated from the data provided by 26 Basque Sociometers, dated between 1996 and 2022.","Ikerketa honen bidez, Ezker Abertzaleko alderdiek eta haien oinarri sozialak eraikitako muga sinbolikoak aztertu nahi dira, Euskal Herrian bizi izandako indarkeria politikoaren eta ondorengo gatazka armatuaren amaieraren testuinguruaren baitan. Helburu horrekin, Ezker Abertzaleko alderdien diskurtso publikoa aztertzen da, baita haren oinarri sozialaren jarrera eta portaerak ere. Horretarako, 1980 eta 2021 urteen bitartean argitaratutako 32 iritzi-artikulu eta kronika erabiltzeaz gain, 1996 eta 2022 urteen bitartean plazaratutako 26 Euskal Soziometroetako datuetan oinarritutako polarizazio afektiboaren indizeaz baliatzen naiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29815,2018-11-26,"Aiming to make the Master’s Project about ``Estudio y evaluación de la posibilidad de aprovechar el calor de los gases extraídos por la chimenea auxiliar´´ (proposal made at point 7.4. in the Grade’s Thesis entitled ``Diseño e instalación de una válvula de corte en la entrada de gases de escape a un economizador´´), an informatics programme called Star CCM+ has been used by analyzing the evolution of the exhausts gas on the design suggested. Since the results obtained show some loss of load in the auxiliary funnel, the objective of the project is decided to change the previous design and a sampling was done in order to change the inlet angle between the auxiliary funnel and the main funnel as well as the interior diameter of auxiliary funnel. The results have been analyzed in order to choose the most suitable, not only in loss of load, but also in exhaust gas speed. Furthermore, an economical research has been carried out on how much the cost of the changes would be on vessels that already have the system proposed before.","Master Amaierako Lana ``Estudio y evaluación de la posibilidad de aprovechar el calor de los gases extraídos por la chimenea auxiliar´´ gaiari buruz egiteko asmoarekin (``Diseño e instalación de una válvula de corte en la entrada de gases de escape a un economizador´´ izenburudun Gradu Amaierako Laneko 7.4. atalean agertzen den proposamena), Star CCM+ programa informatikoa erabili da, proposatzen den lanean, errekuntza gasek jasotzen duten eboluzioa behatzeko. Lortutako emaitzek proposaturiko tximinia osagarrian karga galera batzuk erakutsi dituzte eta ondorioz, lanaren helburua aldatzea erabaki da. Arazoak konpontzeko, tximinia osagarriaren eta tximinia nagusiaren arteko lotura angelua eta tximinia osagarriaren barruko diametroa aldatuz laginketa bat egin da. Ondoren, emaitzak behatu dira egokiena aukeratzeko, bai karga galerei dagokionez eta bai errekuntza gasen abiadurari dagokionez. Bestalde, aurretik proposatutako instalazio hau jada duten itsasontzietan, aldaketa hauek eragingo lituzketen gastuei buruzko azterketa ekonomikoa egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60008,2023-02-20,"This work aims to gather the necessary basic information about selective mutism and methodologies that can be useful to implement in the Primary Education classroom. Likewise, this work aims to check the degree of previous knowledge of teachers about this disorder. For this purpose, a research has been carried out addressed to Primary Education teachers, where they were asked about their training and experience with pupils with selective mutism. The results indicate that the people surveyed do not know which strategies and materials to use to work with these pupils, because they consider that their training had not been adequate or they had not received the necessary help and information from the centre where they were teaching.","Lan honen helburua da mututasun selektiboari eta Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgelan ezartzeko baliagarriak izan daitezkeen metodologiei buruzko oinarrizko informazioa biltzea. Era berean, lan honen helburua irakasleek nahasmendu horri buruz duten aldez aurreko ezagutza-maila egiaztatzea da. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleei zuzendutako ikerketa bat egin da, eta haien prestakuntza eta mututasun selektiboa duten ikasleekin duten esperientziari buruz galdetu zaie. Emaitzek adierazten dute inkestatutako pertsonek ez dakitela zer estrategia edo material erabili ikasle horiekin lan egiteko, uste baitute haien prestakuntza ez dela egokia edo ez dutelako laguntzarik edo beharrezko informaziorik jaso irakasten duten ikastetxetik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25916,2018-03-22,"Nowadays, more and more education professionals realize the need to work on oral language. If we want to reinforce the use of Euskera, it is necessary to offer students an environment to practice it. Resources to work orality are scarce and repetitive, and not much use is made of the possibilities offered by new technologies. In the work you have in hand, an innovative proposal is offered: a web page. Through this material, both teachers and parents are offered a point of information and resources, so that they can work with oral language with children of Primary Education in an active and fun way.","Gaur egun, hezkuntza arloko gero eta profesional gehiago ari dira ahozkotasuna lantzeko beharraz ohartzen. Euskararen erabilera bultzatu nahi bada, beharrezkoa da umeei hizkuntza horretan mintzatzeko ingurunea eskaintzea. Ahozkotasuna lantzeko baliabideak urriak eta errepikakorrak direla ikusi da, eta teknologia berriek ematen dituzten aukerak gutxi erabiltzen dira orokorrean. Esku artean duzun lan honetan ahozko hizkuntza lantzeko proposamen berritzaile bat eskaintzen da: web orria. Material honen bidez, irakasle eta gurasoentzako informazio eta baliabide gune bat eskaintzen da, Lehen Hezkuntzako umeekin ahozkotasuna era aktibo eta dibertigarrian lantzeko aukerak emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37081,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the teaching materials used for teaching at the last cycle of primary and secondary levels of curricular subjects that teach new contents from different areas (geography, history, sciences, etc.) using a second language (L2) require syntactic, vocabulary and speech characteristics that facilitate the learning of it. For this reason, this project arises from the need to evaluate the suitability of these materials. Therefore, a web application (called AzterTest) has been developed. This application is capable of evaluating several texts in English through the analysis and calculation of the different metrics and indicators that serve, especially, to determine the degree of complexity of these texts, in such a way that this tool will serve as a support for teachers who need to determine and classify texts according to their complexity.","Laburpena: lehen eta bigarren mailakotako azken zikloan, bigarren hizkuntza (L2) batean irakasten diren area desberdineko eduki berrien (geografia, historia, zientziak, etab.) material didaktikoak testu hauen ikasketa errazten duten ezaugarri sintaktiko batzuk dituzte, baita hiztegiarekin eta diskurtsoarekin erlazionatuta dauden ezaugarriak ere. Arrazoi honengatik, proiektu hau agertzen da material hauen egokitasuna ebaluatzeko beharretik. Horregatik, garatu da ingelesez idatzita dauden hainbat testu aztertzeko gai den web-aplikazioa (AzterTest deituta). Aplikazio honek testu baten konplexutasuna zehazteko balio duten hainbat metrika kalkulatzeko gai da. Beraz, erreminta hau behar duten irakasleentzako laguntza gisa balio izango du haien testuak bere konplexutasunaren arabera sailkatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43096,2020-05-08,"In the following document, a study of different energetic cycles has been carried out: the Rankine cycle and the heat pump. This analysis details how these cycles take advantage of the temperature gradient between the cold source and the hot source in different conditions in order to generate energy. Firstly, an informative study about the liquified natural gas and the revaporization plants in Spain is done. As a general introduction, different ways of energy production are presented, describing the Organic Rankine Cycle and the heat pump. Secondly, the most adequate fluids for these cycles will be selected depending on the temperatures the cycle will operate between. There will be analyzed that every thermal fluid achieved every specification. To sum up, the most suitable one will be selected, not only taking into account the corresponding cycle efficiency but also the possible environmental impact.","Dokumentu honetan, energia iturri bezala erabilitako ziklo desberdinetan egindako azterketak aurkezten dira: Rankine zikloa eta bero ponpa. Ikasketa hau, baldintza desberdinetan ziklo hauek energia nola lortzen dute zehazten du, proposatzen diren temperatura jauziak, foku hotz eta bero gisa erabiliz. Lehenengoz, gas natural likuatuaren eta Espainiako regazifikazio planten ikasketa berriemaile bat egiten da. Deskribatutako baldintzak aprobetzatzeko asmoz, ustiapen bide desberdinak difinitu egiten dira planta hauentzako Organic Rankine Cycle eta bero ponparen bidez. Bigarrenez, entsegu batzuen bidez aipatutako zikloak garatu egiten dira baldintza batzuk definituz. Baldintza hauek betetzen dituzten jariakin termikoak aztertu ah. Bukatzeko, errendimenduari eta ingurumen-inpaktuari erreparatuz, jariakin hoberena aukeratzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36504,2019-11-27,"Abstract: Brawlchemy aims to be an entry point into the world of videogames, particularly in the MOBA subgenre. While it is one of the most popular subgenres at the moment, it is also one of the most difficult to begin with. Therefore, Brawlchemy will try to be the most simplified version of the genre, to be able to enjoy the basics without the need to be an expert in the field.","Laburpena: Brawlchemy-k bideojokoen mundura sartzeko puntua izan nahi du, bereziki MOBA azpigenerrean. Une honetan azpigororik ezagunenetakoa da, baina hasierako zailenetako bat ere bada. Beraz, Brawlchemy generoaren bertsio sinplifikatuena izango da, oinarriak gozatzeko gai izan dadin arloan aditua izan beharrik izan gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25900,2018-03-22,"Nowadays, gender differences and stereotypes are still strongly present in society and they are clearly reflected in Infant Education. It’s undeniable how important this stage is, as it is the time when work can be done to prevent students from reproducing those behaviors, stereotypes and roles. The lack of teacher’s training in gender equality and coeducation, often leads to improvisation and to not properly treat those factors that accentuate inequality. Therefore, in this essay, by using a qualitative search, the keys and strategies to face gender differences that can be useful for families and teachers are presented. In this way, wanting to know better the limits that society establishes at the time of educating in equality and to open ways to deal with this problem through this educational stage.","Egun, estereotipoek eta genero desberdintasunek gizartean oraindik presente eta indarrarekin jarraitzen dute Haur Hezkuntzan oso argi islatzen direlarik. Ezin da ukatu etapa honek duen inportantzia, orain baita ikasleriaren aldetik gertatzen den horrelako jarreren, estereotipoen eta rolen erreprodukzioa ekidin ahal izateko lan egiteko garaia. Irakasleek genero berdintasunean eta hezkidetzan duten formakuntza faltak, kasu askotan, inprobisazioz jokatzea eta desberdintasuna areagotzen duten faktoreak desegoki tratatzea eragiten du. Horren ondorioz, lan honetan, ikerketa kualitatibo baten bidez, genero desberdintasunei aurre egiteko irakasleentzako eta familientzako baliagarriak izan daitezkeen klabeak eta estrategiak aurkezten dira. Horrela, genero berdintasunean hezteko gizarteak ezartzen dituen mugak hobeto ezagutu eta hezkuntzako etapa honetan arazo hau gainditzeko bideak ireki nahi direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20884,2017-03-08,"Due to environmental disadvantages and energetic limitations that involves the use of fossilized combustibles, it is necessary to support and to research the new sources of renewable energy. The basis of this End of Degree Project is the development of different catalysts of energy in order to support the process known as Power to Gas. Methane is obtained from carbon dioxide and hydrogen. This technique is divided in two steps: the first one consists on getting hydrogen and oxygen from water hydrolysis, and the second one is based on the methanation process. The experimental study that consists on the comparison of different catalysts to get the greatest methane efficiency as possible is exposed in this document. In order to carry out this study, different catalysts have been prepared, all of them based on 13% of nickel. This metal has been chosen due to its high degree of reactivity in the methanation systems. Opposite to common production techniques, this one shows several advantages regarding the cost and the environmental impact, since the fundamental elements used for the catalysts’ base are residues from industrial processes and plentiful minerals. After preparing the catalysts, activity trials have been carried out using a fixed bed conventional reactor. The aim is to set some operational conditions that ensure an appropriate comparison between catalysts acquiring those that show the greatest activity and stability. Moreover, the characterization of each catalyst has been made through the TPR approach, from which the results are connected with the physical-chemical features of each of them, as well as the interaction between the base and the metal and their optimal reduction temperature. Finally, the conversions of H2 and CO2, the selectivity of CH4 and CO, the efficiency of CH4 and the ratio of CH4/H2O all the prepared catalytic formulations are compared. This way, the methane obtained through the renewable energy using the catalysts produced from plentiful minerals and residues of industrial processes, has been proved to be a perfect candidate to replace those combustibles coming from fossil sources.","Erregai fosilak mugatuak izateak eta ingurumenean sortzen dituzten arazo larriei irtenbidea aurkitu nahiak, jatorri berriztagarriko energia-iturriak garatzea ekarri du. Gradu amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia Power to Gas deritzon teknologia garatzeko katalizatzaile berritzaileak aurkitzeko ikerketa esperimentala egitea da. Metanoa lortzeko karbono dioxidoa eta hidrogenoa behar dira. Prozesu horretan bi pausu ezberdintzen dira, lehenengoa uraren hidrolisia da hidrogenoa eta oxigenoa banantzeko, eta bigarrena berriz, metanazio prozesuari dagokiona da. Proiektu hau, aipatutako azken pausuan oinarrituko da eta beraz, konbertsio altuko katalizatzaileak lortzea da helburua. Ikerketa aurrera eramateko % 13 nikela oinarritzat duen katalizatzaileak prestatu dira. Izan ere, metal honen erreaktibitate maila altua da metanizazio sistemetan. Baina katalizatzaileen kostuak merkatzeko eta horiek ingurumenaren gain ekar ditzaketen eragin negatiboak ekiditeko helburuarekin, euskarritzat mineral natural oparoak zein industria prozesuetako hondakinak erabili dira. Behin katalizatzaileak prestatu ondoren, ohantze finkodun erreaktore batean egin dira aktibitate-entseguak. Hauen xedea, operazio-baldintza zehatzak ezarriz katalizatzaile ezberdinen arteko alderaketa egitea da aukera guztietatik katalizatzaile egonkorrena eta aktiboena lortzeko. Ikerketaren ildotik jarraituz, katalizatzaileak TPR metodoaren bitartez karakterizatuz lortutako emaitzak ezaugarri fisiko-kimikoekin erlazionatu eta metalaren eta euskarriaren arteko interakzioa ondorioztatzeaz gain, hauen erredukzio tenperatura optimoa lortu da. Azkenik, aztertutako formula katalitiko guztiekin CO2 eta H2-ren konbertsioa, CH4 eta CO-aren selektibitatea, CH4-ren errendimendua eta CH4/H2O ratioa erdietsi eta alderatu dira. Horrela, metanoa energia berriztagarrietatik eta ez erregai fosiletik lor daitekeela probatu da metanazio prozesuan mineral natural eta hondakinetan oinarritutako katalizatzaileak erabilita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19872,2016-12-15,"Nowadays, the energy consumption of buildings is responsible for 40% of the total consumption, so in order to achieve the energy objective of the European Union, improving efficiency and reducing consumption of buildings is very important. Until a few years ago, buildings were constructed without taking into account energy efficiency, so there are still many buildings that consume a lot . Given this, it seems to be necessary to have some tools to know the energy performance of buildings, to know if that consumption is adequate or to know what are the energy needs of a building that needs to be renovated are. Therefore, in this paper the energy performance of a renovated building is analysed with a simple methodology , and in the end the results will be explained.","Gaur egun, eraikinek energia kontsumo osoaren %40a suposatzen dute, eta Europar Batasunak ezarritako energiari dagozkion helburuak bete ahal izateko, eraikinen efizientziaren hobekuntzak eta kontsumoaren murrizpenak erabateko garrantzia du. Orain dela urte batzuk arte, eraikinak efizientzia energetikoa kontuan hartu gabe eraikitzen ziren, horregatik oraindik ere asko kontsumitzen duten hainbat eraikin daude. Hau honela izanda, badirudi beharrezkoak direla eraikinen portaera energetikoa ezagutzeko tresnak, energia kontsumoa egokia dela jakiteko zein birgaitu beharreko eraikin baten ahultasun energetikoak ezagutzeko eta konpontzen laguntzeko. Beraz, lan honetan birgaitutako etxebizitzen eraikin baten portaera energetikoa aztertuko da metodologia sinple batekin, eta emaitzak ondorioztatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60009,2023-02-20,"Based on the importance of spatial orientation in the daily life of human beings, this End of Degree Work has as its main objective to analyze the ability of students in the second cycle of Early Child Education to orient themselves in the real space. For this purpose, an itinerary has been designed that runs through the Children's Education building in a public school in Gernika-Lumo in which 36 students aged 3, 4 and 5 have participated. The methodology used has been the mixed method and the representations produced by the students and the audio recorder have been used for evidence collection, to later analyze the mathematical arguments used by the students to describe the itinerary. The results show that the age variable has been a significant factor since as the age increases, the students' drawings have become more complex, including more points of reference and reflecting changes in direction. In addition, when it comes to orienting oneself in space, the egocentric framework has prevailed.","Orientazio espazialak gizakion egunerokotasunean daukan garrantzia oinarri hartuta, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko ikasleek espazio errealean orientatzeko duten gaitasuna aztertzea du helburu nagusi. Horretarako, Gernika-Lumoko ikastetxe publiko baten baitan Haur Hezkuntzako eraikina zeharkatzen duen ibilbide bat diseinatu da ikerketako partaideak 3, 4 eta 5 urteko 36 ikasle izan direlarik. Erabilitako metodologia mistoa izan da eta ebidentziak jasotzeko ikasleek ekoiztutako irudikapenak eta audio grabagailua erabili dira, geroago, ikasleek ibilbidea deskribatzeko erabilitako argudio matematikoak aztertzeko xedez. Emaitzek, adinaren aldagaia faktore esanguratsua izan dela azalarazi dute adinak gora egin ahala ikasleen marrazkiak konplexuagoak bihurtu baitira, erreferentzia-puntu gehiago barne hartuz eta norabide- aldaketak islatuz. Honez gain, espazioan orientatzerako orduan marko egozentrikoa nagusitu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29272,2018-10-23,"The objective of this project is to modularize into mechatronic modules the FMS-200 assembly cell. Modularization is an automation philosophy that is becoming more and more imoprtant in the industrial world, even becoming part of the so-called Industry 4.0. The The great flexibility it provides is really important to answer to the needs of a society that demands increasingly specialized and personalized products. That is why, in this project, this philosophy is tested by analyzing its advantages and disadvantages, as well as its possibilities within the current industrial world. The project details the steps to be followed to carry out the modularization, starting with the design and selection of the modules and ending by creating the project using an automatic generation program. Finally, to check the functionality of the project and the philosophy itself, the project is tested in the assembly cell itself and in NX-MCD simulation program.","Proiektu honen bidez FMS-200 muntatze zelularen modularizazioa egiten da modulu mekatroniekoetan. Modularizazioa industria arloan gero eta indar handiagoa hartzen ari den automatizazio filosofia bat da, eta industria 4.0 edo laugarren iraultza industrialaren barruan sartzen da. Modularizarioak ematen duen malgutasuna garrantzi handia du gero eta produktu pertsonalizatuagoak eta espezializatuagoak eskatzen ari den gizartearen eskaerei erantzuteko. Horregatik, proiektu honetan filosofia hau proban jartzen dugu, bere abantailak eta desabantailak aztertuz, eta baita gaur egundo industria munduan dituen aukerak ikertuz. Proiektuak, beraz, modularizaria gauzatzeko eman behar diren urratsak zehazten ditu, moduluen autaketa eta disenuaz hasita eta proiektua sorkuntza automatikoko tresna batekin programatzera arte. Azkenik, proiektuaren era filosofiaren funtsionaltasuna egiaztatzeko probak egiten dira, proiektua muntatze zelulan eta NX-MCD sumulazio tresnan saiatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36815,2019-12-12,"Atrial fibrillation is a difficult disease to detect until it manifests in a serious way. However, if it is detected early enough, treatment can be applied so that symptoms are controlled and do not become deadly. The objective of this project is to develop software that allows the detection of atrial fibrillations in short-term electrocardiograms. This would allow early detection in electrocardiograms performed in health centers and hospitals, without having to make a long study of cardiac activity. To carry out this work we will work with the concept of Deep Learning. Before that, an automatic heartbeat detector is implemented, which must be very accurate in detecting the peak of the R wave in the QRS complex. Then, a neural network is created that will be responsible for differentiating between atrial fibrillations and sinus rhythms. Finally, the results are evaluated and considered the various benefits that will have its implementation. 4","Fibrilazio aurikularra gaixotasun zaila da hautemateko, modu larrian agertzen den arte. Hala ere, denbora nahikorekin hautematen bada, sintomak kontrolatzeko tratamendua jar daiteke eta ez da hilgarri izango. Proiektu honen helburua epe laburreko elektrokardiogrametan fibrilazio aurikularrak detektatzeko softwarea garatzea da. Modu honetan osasun zentroetan eta ospitaleetan burutu diren elektrokardiogrametan fibrilazio aurikularrak goiz detektatzea ahalbidetuko litzateke, bihotz-jardueraren azterketa luzea egin beharik gabe. Lan hau burutzeko Deep Learning kontzeptua lantzen dugu. Honen aurretik, bihotz taupaden detektore automatiko bat jarri da. Detektorea, oso zehatza izan behar du QRS konplexuko R uhinaren gailurra hautemateko. Ondoren, fibrilazio atrialen eta erritmo normalen artean bereizteko ardura duen neurona-sarea sortuko da. Azkenik, lortutako emaitzak ebaluatzen dira eta metodoaren aplikazioak dituen onura ezberdinak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72737,2025-02-13,"This document will implement the design and economic viability of a collective self-sufficiency facility for common use, aimed at the generation and management of renewable energy through a photovoltaic system. This initiative will promote energy sustainability and reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources in residential communities. To this end, different possibilities of self-sufficiency facilities will be addressed, benefiting from technical, economic and social aspects.","Dokumentu honetan, erabilera komuneko autohornikuntza instalazio kolektibo baten diseinua eta bideragarritasun ekonomikoa burutuko da, sistema fotovoltaiko baten bidez energia berriztagarria sortzera eta kudeatzera bideratua. Ekimen honen bidez, jasangarritasun energetikoa sustatzea eta bizitegi-komunitateetan berriztagarriak ez diren energia-iturriekiko mendekotasuna murriztea lortuko da. Horretarako, alderdi teknikoak, ekonomikoak eta sozialak onura ekarriko dituzten autohornikuntzako instalazio aukera ezberdinak jorratuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16306,2015-12-02,"The following document comprises the development and the results of a research carried out in the field of theoretical kinematics. The aim of this research is to showcase the possible advantages kinematic mapping could bring to either the analysis or the synthesis of mechanisms. Results show that while the proposed analysis methodology works well for simple mechanisms it might not be adequate for mechanisms with various kinematic loops. As for the proposed procedure for the synthesis, although it yields some interesting results, there is still much work to be done in this regard.","Dokumentu honek zinematika teorikoaren arloan egindako ikerketa baten garapena eta emaitzak batzen ditu. Ikerketa honen helburua proiekzio zinematikoak mekanismoen azterketa eta sintesia egiteteko eskaintzen dituen abantailak erakustea da. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, analisirako proposatutako metodologia egokia izan daiteke mekanismo sinpleentzako, baina ezegokia izan daiteke lazo zinematiko bat baino gehiago daukaten mekanismoentzat. Azkenik, sintesirako proposatutako prozedurak emaitza interesgarriak eskaintzen ditu, ala ere arlo honetan oraindik aurrerapen asko daude egiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60002,2023-02-20,"Despite increasing inclusion of people with disabilities, much remains to be done in the world of work. Pauso Berriak, is a program that is committed to the employment of people with intellectual disabilities in an ordinary environment. Thus, the objective of this work, using the mixed methodology, has been to measure the impact of Pauso Berriak on workers with disabilities, their families, collaborating companies and society. Once the results have been analyzed, it can be affirmed that the program Pauso Berriak has a positive impact on the previously mentioned four groups, such as: the development of autonomy, the improvement of self-esteem and the construction of relationships, among others.","Desgaitasuna duten pertsonen inklusioak gora egin duen arren, lan munduan oraindik asko dago egiteko. Pauso Berriak, desgaitasun intelektuala duten pertsonak ingurune arrunt batean laneratzearen alde apustu egiten duen programa bat da. Hala ba, lan honen helburua, metodologia mistoa erabiliz, Pauso Berriak programak desgaitasuna duten langileengan, haien familiarrengan, enpresengan, eta, bide batez, gizartean duen eragina neurtzea izan da. Emaitzak aztertu ostean, baieztatu daiteke Pauso Berriak programak eragin positiboa duela aipatutako lau taldeengan, esate baterako: autonomiaren garapenean, autoestimuaren hobekuntzan eta harremanen eraikuntzan, besteak beste." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50984,2021-04-15,"We have proved the real necessity of creating an inclusive society, a society where everyone has the same possibilities to work out on their own capacities. Education should be the place of learning, integral development, improvement and continuous value of the capabilities of each individual. In addition, we have checked the possibilities that Aerobic Gymnastics offers as a good option to expand the integral development of each person. It is a modality that improves aspects like rhythm, strength, coordination or psycomotricity. Furthermore, it is also a good way to encourage different values, for example personal effort, team spirit, responsibility, and so on. This way, we have mixed both concepts and it has appeared ""Gimnasia para todos y todas"" project.","Aukeren berdintasunean oinarrituta dagoen gizarte inklusibo baten beharra dagoela egiaztatu da. Non, norbanakoaren gaitasunetik abiatuta aukera berdinen eskaintza bermatu nahi den, denon gizartea izango den espazioa ahalbidetuz. Horretarako, hezkuntza inklusiboa gakoa izango da, ikaskuntzarako, garapen integralerako, etengabeko hobekuntzarako eta bakoitzaren gaitasunak balioesteko gunea izanda. Bestalde, norbanakoaren garapen integrala sustatzeko baliabide bezala Gimnasia Aerobikoa hartu da. Izan ere, erritmoa, indarra, koordinazioa zein psikomotrizitatea bezalako alderdien garapenean ekimen zuzena daukan diziplina izateaz gain, ohitura zein balore anitz sustatzeko errekurtso bezala ulertzen da. Horien artean, esfortzua, lankidetza, bizikidetza zein ardura. Beraz, gizarte inklusiboa eraikitzeko asmoaren eta Gimnasia Aerobikoaren onuren batasunetik, ""Gimnasia para todos y todas"" proiektua sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14732,2015-03-10,"In this project, we want to create a software design, in which a mathematical model which has been developed to analyse the data traffic monitoring systems is evaluated. For this model it is necessary to do an interface, and apart from the software to evaluate mathematical model, this interface must be able to assess more softwares. Therefore, researchers will be able to asses mathematical models that have been created to analyse the Traffic Monitoring Systems in the simples way","Lan honetan, software diseinu bat sortu nahi da, zeinaren bidez datu-trafikoen monitorizazio sistemak aztertzeko garatu den eredu matematiko bat ebaluatuko den. Eredu horrentzat interfaze bat egin beharko da, eta interfaze horrek esandako eredua ebaluatzeko softwareaz gain, software gehiago biltzeko ahalmena eduki beharko du. Horrela, ikertzaileek Trafikoa Monitorizatzeko Sistemak aztertzeko sortzen diren eredu matematikoak sistema bakarra erabiliz ebaluatu ahalko dute ahalik eta modu errazenean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24456,2017-09,"The aim of the present project is to optimize the manufacturing process of a total knee prosthesis. In a world where obesity and the constant growth of the elderly population is a real sucess, looking for processes that reduce costs and reduce time becomes a necessity, and more in a sector as expensive as specialized as biomedical engineering. Environmental awareness today is booming. In order to this, it will also investigate the use of CO2 as refrigerant, this in addition to enhancing the aforementioned objectives, is a breakthrough at the social level.","Belauneko protesiaren fabrikazio prozesua hobetzea da proiektu honen helburua. Mundu honetan, obetsitatea eta adineko biztanleriaren ehunekoaren hazkundea arazo larriak dira eta horregatik, kostu txikiagoak eta denborak murrizteko prozesuak bilatzea beharra bihurtzen da. Era berean, biomediku ingenerialitzako sektorea garestia eta espezializatua dela ez dugu ahaztu behar. Gainera, CO2-ren erabilera hozgarria bezala ere ikertuko da, aurreikusitako helburuak sustatzeaz gain. Hortaz, aurrerapen handia izango da gizarte mailan eta gaur egun denek ezagutzen duren bezala ingurumen kontzientzia gogorra da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24355,2015,"The present paper studies the reforms regarding penal enforcement which have been introduced by the Organic Law 1/2015, of 30 March, which amends significantly the Penal Code of 1995. In particular, it analyses the alternative measures to the penitentiary enforcement of imprisonment in light of the punitive subsidiarity paradigm. According to such paradigm, the less grievous enforcement models (regarding sentences of imprisonment) should be applied, provided that they are suitable to reach the preventive goals of Criminal Law. In light of such an axiological premise, the paper analyses the models of conditional non-enforcement (both simple and with substitutive elements), therapeutic non-enforcement and non-enforcement concerning foreigners.","Exekuzio penalaren eremuan 1/2015 Lege Organikoak, martxoaren 30ekoak, eragindako erreformen iruzkina jasotzen du artikuluak. Aipatutako legeak nabarmen aldatu du 1995eko Zigor Kodea. Zehazki, espetxe-zigorraren exekuzioaren ordezko modalitateak aztertzen ditu subsidiariotasun zigortzailearen argitan. Subsidiariotasun zigortzailearen arabera, espetxe-zigorra exekutatzeko moduen artean, askatasun pertsonala ahalik eta gutxien urratzen dutenak aplikatu beharko lirateke; betiere, horiekin interbentzio penalak dituen xede prebentiboak lor badaitezke. Premisa axiologiko horretatik abiatuta, artikulu honek aztergai ditu baldintzapeko exekuzio-eza –eredu sinpleak zein osagai ordezkatzaileak dituztenak–, exekuzioeza terapeutikoa eta atzerritarrentzako zigorraren exekuzio-eza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20016,2016-12-29,"In this grade-end report it has been analysed the pronunciation of the affricates on boys and girls of pre-school education, keeping in mind the age, gender and mother tongue of each boy and girl. The aim of the report and the research made for it has consisted in analyse the influence of different social factors when girls and boys make the affricates. Two different age group of pre-school education children were recorded to measure when they made “tx” /t∫/ y “tz” /ts/. The research has emphasised the influence of the gender and mother tongue as significant factors when pronouncing the affricates.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan afrikatuen ahoskera aztertu da Haur Hezkuntzako haurretan, haien adina, generoa eta ama hizkuntza aintzat hartuta. Lanaren helburua, eta lana burutzeko egindako ikerketarena, faktore sozialek haurren afrikatuen ahoskeran duten eragina aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, Haur Hezkuntzako bi adin tartetako informatzaileei grabaketak egin zaizkie bakoitzak “tx” /t∫/ eta “tz” /ts/ noiz ahoskatzen zuen neurtuz. Azterketan afrikatuak gauzatzeko orduan generoa eta ama hizkuntza aldagai esanguratsuak direla nabarmendu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14392,2015-02-11,"The PAMELA III system, with the corresponding phased arrays, was designed for the detection of damages in planes with the SHM technology (structural health monitoring). However, the studies of the professor Tadeusz Stepinski reveal that the piezoelectric distribution used at the old phased arrays produce interferences. Therefore, this project is based on the design of four new diferent phased arrays, using one of the piezoelectric distributions studied by the professor Tadeusz. The used distribution is the cross-shaped, which reduce the interference produce by the old phased arrays. Moreover, the designs are compatible with PAMELA III and with a new future upgrade to PAMELA IV, so we would be able to increase the size of the memory changing the 1-wire technology by the I2C technology, which would be used only in the PAMELA IV system.Apart from the design of the PCBs, some plastic pieces has been designed, which aport stiffness to the phased arrays, and make the bottom part of the PCB be at the same height and the piezoelectrics won´t excel, so the the installation would be easier.","PAMELA III sistema, bere phased array-ekin, SHM (structural health monitoring) teknologiaren bitartez hegazkinetan kalteak detektatzeko diseinatuta izan da. Baina, Tadeusz Stepinski irakaslearen ikasketen arabera, erabilitako piezoelektrikoen distribusioa interferentziak sortu egiten ditu. Beraz, proiektu hau lau phased array ezberdinen diseinuan datza, Tadeusz irakaskleak aztertutako distribuzioetako bat erabiliz. Erabilitako distribuzioa cross-shaped (gurutze moduan) izan da, phased array zaharretan sortutako interferentziak txikiagotu egiten duena. Gainera, diseinuak PAMELA III sistemarekin eta baita PAMELA IV sistemarekin (etorkizunean egindako aktulizazioa) bateragarria izango litzateke. Honekin, biltegiratze sistemaren kapazitatea handitzea lortu da, 1-wire teknologiaren ordez I2C teknologia erabiliz, bakarrik PAMELA IV sisteman erabiliko zena. PCB-ren diseinuaz gain, plastikozko pieza batzuk diseinatu egin dira, phased array-ei gogortasuna ematen diena eta gainera, txartelaren beheko zatia maila berean eta piezoelektrikoak ez ateratzea jadetsi egiten duena, instalazioa erraztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75418,2025-11-05,"Dependence on fossil fuel-based energy sources accelerates the carbonization of the planet, aggravating the climate crisis and hindering the transition to a sustainable future. In this context, biomethane is presented as a renewable solution, with a growing role in Spain and Europe. The main objective of this Master Thesis is the technical design and identification of the optimal location for a biomethane production plant in Spain, promoting a sustainable energy alternative based on the valorization of organic waste. This is carried out based on technical criteria such as the availability of organic waste, proximity to energy and transport infrastructures, and regional development potential. Castilla-La Mancha, and specifically the municipality of Gálvez, has been selected as an ideal location for the implementation of a biomethane production plant. The plant design includes waste reception and pre-treatment lines, five complete-mix anaerobic digesters, a digestate storage and management system, and a membrane technology-based enrichment unit for biogas purification. It also contemplates the installation of auxiliary equipment such as a safety flare, a grid injection cabin, and control and automation systems. It is estimated that the plant will generate approximately 8,083,605 Nm3/year of net biomethane, which corresponds to 87.27 GWh/year of net injection energy. Regarding the location of the plant, the environmental effects, the proximity to urban centers and buildings, and the prevailing wind conditions of three plots located in the municipality of Gálvez have been considered. The comparison of the results obtained has allowed the selection of plot I, located at the ETRS89 geographical coordinates (latitude 39.6949 and longitude -4.3127), as the most suitable for the future construction of the plant.","Erregai fosiletan oinarritutako energia-iturriekiko mendekotasunak planetaren karbonizazioa bizkortzen du, krisi klimatikoa larriagotuz eta etorkizun jasangarrirako trantsizioa oztopatuz. Testuinguru horretan, biometanoa aukera berriztagarri gisa aurkezten da, eta bere garrantzia gero eta handiagoa da Espainian eta Europan. Master Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Espainian biometanoa ekoizteko planta baten diseinu teknikoa egitea eta bere kokapen optimoa identifikatzea da, horrela hondakin organikoen balorizazioan oinarritutako alternatiba energetiko iraunkorra sustatuz. Gaztela-Mantxa eta, zehazki, Galvez aukeratu dira biometanoa ekoizteko planta bat ezartzeko kokaleku egoki gisa. Horretarako hainbat irizpide tekniko hartu dira kontuan, hala nola, hondakin organikoen eskuragarritasuna, energia- eta garraio-azpiegituretatik hurbil egotea eta eskualde-garapenaren potentziala. Plantaren diseinuak barne hartzen ditu hondakinak jasotzeko eta aurretratatzeko lerroak, nahasketa osoko 5 digestore anaerobio, digestatoa biltegiratzeko eta kudeatzeko sistema, eta biogasa aberasteko mintzen teknologian oinarritutako unitatea. Gainera, ekipo osagarriak instalatzea aurreikusten da, hala nola segurtasun-zuzia, sarera injektatzeko kabina eta kontrol- eta automatizazio-sistemak. Kalkuluen arabera, instalazioak gutxi gorabehera 8.083.605 Nm3/urte biometano garbi sortzea ahalbidetuko luke, hau da, injekzio-energia garbiko 87,27 GWh. Instalazioaren kokapenari dagokionez, Galvezen dauden hiru lurzatien ingurumen-eraginak, hiriguneen eta eraikinen hurbiltasuna eta haize-baldintzak aztertu dira. Lortutako emaitzak konparatuta, ETRS89 koordenatu geografikoetan (39,6949 latitudea eta -4,3127 longitudea) dagoen lursaila (I. partzela) hautatu ahal izan da, planta eraikitzeko egokiena delakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24260,2017-09,"The purpose of this project is to design an easy to handle graphical user interface (GUI) to represent and calculate the different paths that can be executed with a soft robot. This path planning will be carried out by using two models: trayectory defined point by point and periodic trayectory. On the one hand, the first model involves triangular velocity, trapezoidal velocity, trapezoidal acceleration and Spline 3, 5 and 7. On the other hand, the second model can be used in order to calculate a sinusoidal trayectory. In fact, the program will also be able to filter the signal according to the frecuency limits established by the user. This programming and design of the graphical user interface will be made with MatLab, a program with a high level technical computing language and an interactive environment for algorithm development and visualization and analysis of both data and graphics. Once the program is finished, the engineer will be able to pre-display, calculate and keep an eye on system responses in order to cheapen possible initial costs of erroneous designs, as well as to carry out different tests (resistance testing, fatigue testing…) with the soft robot.","Proiektu honen helburua interfaze grafikoaren diseinu erraz eta intuitiboa aurkeztea da, manipuladore malgu batekin exekutatu daitezkeen ibilbide ezberdinak kalkulatu eta grafikoki irudikatzea ahalbidetuz. Horretarako, programak bi eredu aurkeztuko ditu: puntuka definitutako ibilbideak eta ibilbide periodikoak. Lehendabiziko eredu motak, abiadura triangeluarra, abiadura trapezoidala, azelerazio trapezoidala eta Spline 3, 5 eta 7 aukerak emango ditu. Bigarrenak ordea, ibilbide sinusoidala irudikatzea eta kalkulatzea ahalbidetuko du. Bide batez, programak ere manipuladoreari bidaliko zaion seinalea iragazteko aukera aurkeztuko du. Aukera honekin erabiltzaileak hautatutako bi maiztasunen artean ez dauden seinaleak ezabatzea lortzen da. Aipatutako programazio eta diseinua MatLab bidez burutuko da, maila altuko kalkulu lengoaia teknikoa duen eta ingurune interaktibo zabala barneratzen duen programa, grafiko zein datuen eta algoritmoen irudikapenerako eta analisirako aproposa. Behin programazioa eginda, manipuladorearen erantzunak aurreikusi, kalkulatu eta kudeatu ahal izango ditu ingeniariak behin behineko diseinuen akatsek sortarazten dituzten kostuak murrizteko asmoz. Horrez gain, manipuladorearekin entsegu ezberdinak egin ahal izango dira, erresistentzia saiakuntzak besteak beste." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60852,2023-04-21,"The friendly match organized by the Basque Football Federation (FVF) uninterruptedly since 1993 was not played during the years 2008-2010. The problem lay in the name of the team. While the FVF, with the backing of the Basque Government's Sports Department, was pushing for the name Euskadi, the players, together with the Euskal Selekzioaren Aldeko Iritzi Taldea (ESAIT) platform, were advocating in favor of the name Euskal Herria. When no agreement was reached, the players refused to play. The aim of this paper is to illuminate what lies behind the fight about name. As a hypothesis we will argue that the fight over the name is a clear example of the struggle for cultural hegemony within Basque nationalism. Throughout this paper we will see how the relationship between sport and nationalism materializes. We understand the Euskal Selekzioa as a national symbol. To defend our reasoning, we will present different theories of nationalism. National symbols serve to guide the nationalization of society, and for this reason we will focus on the nationalization structure presented by Alejandro Quiroga (2013). The objective of the agents participating in the debate is to capture for their own benefit the symbolic capital that the selection can project. Both claim a national project and a specific territoriality and to better understand the discussion we will place the debate in its due context. The paper is structured as follows: first, we will analyze the different historical schools of nationalism, indicating in which of them we place ourselves. Then, we will study the state of the art of soccer and nationalism studies, focusing on the case of the Basque Country. Next, and combined with an explanation of the origins of soccer in the Basque Country, we will offer a brief history of the Euskal Selekzioa. Finally, before jumping to the conclusions, we will define the arguments to defend one name or another, placing the controversy in its proper context.","Euskal Futbol Federazioak (EFF) 1993. urtetik urtero antolatzen zuen lagunarteko norgehiagoka ez zen jokatu 2008-2010 urte bitartean. Arazoa konbinatuaren izenaren baitan zegoen. Federazioak, Euskal Gobernuko Kirol Zuzendaritzaren babesarekin, Euskadi izendapena hobesten zuen, eta jokalariak, Euskal Selekzioaren Aldeko Iritzi Taldea (ESAIT) plataformaren laguntzaz, aldiz, Euskal Herria. Akordio erdietsi ez eta partida jokatzeari muzin egin zioten jokalariek. Lan honek izenaren aferaren atzean ezkutatzen dena aztertzea du helburu. Hipotesia, euskal nazionalismoaren barnean hegemonia kultura erdiesteko borroka dela argudiatuko da. Kirola eta nazionalismoaren arteko harremanak nola gauzatzen diren ikusiko da lan honetan zehar eta Euskal Selekzioa ikur nazional bat balitz ulertuko dugu. Nazionalismoaren teoria ezberdinak konbinatuko dira hori argudiatzeko. Ikurrok gizartearen nazionalizazioa bideratzeko balio dute eta nazionalizatzeko modua Alejando Quirogak (2013) eskainitako estrukturaren baitan ulertuko dugu. Eztabaidan parte hartzen duten agente guztien xedea selekzioak proiekta dezakeen nazioaren kapital sinbolikoa bereganatzea da. Batzuek zein besteek nazio proiektu edo lurraldekotasun konkretu bat edo beste aldarrikatzen dute eta sinbolismoaren lehiaren azterketa bere testuinguru konkretuan kokatuko dugu. Lehendabizi nazionalismoaren inguruko teoriak aztertuz zein eskola historikotan kokatzen garen adieraziko da. Ondoren, kirola eta nazionalismoaren inguruko eta Euskal Futbolaren inguruko azterlanen egoerari gainbegira bat emango zaio. Segidan, euskal futbolaren hastapenak aztertu eta oso laburki Euskal Selekzioaren historia kontatuko dugu. Ondorioetara salto egin aurretik, afera nola egituratzen den, eta posizio bat edo beste defendatzeko argudioak azalduko dira. Behin hori eginda, gatazka bere momentu konkretuan kokatzen saiatuz bukatuko dugu lana." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16272,2015-12-01,"The Cyber-Physical Systems – CPS are devices able to integrate computation, control and communication. Nowadays, this systems can be found in many different areas, such as, the aeronautic industry, the automotive industry, the chemical industry, civil infrastructures… Between the different architectures used in this devices, OPC UA is the most recommended one. OPC Unified Architecture is the new generation technology proposed by OPC Foundation for transmitting gross data and pre-processed information between the different levels of production and communication of the business. By using OPC UA it is possible to have all the information available for any application and authorized user, at any time and place. This project expects to develop an OPC UA based architecture to integrate CPS devices for the access to the information of production. Architectures based on PC and industrial communication grids will be the base for getting this.","Sistema Ziber-Fisikoak (Cyber-Physical Systems – CPS), konputazioa, kontrola eta komunikazioa bere baitan integratzen duten dispositiboak dira. Gaur egun mota honetako dispositiboak edozein gunetan topa daitezke, industria aeroespaziala, automozio industrian, prozesu kimikoetan, infraestruktura zibilean eta abar. CPS dispositibo hauetan erabilitako arkitekturen barnean, OPC UA da egokiena. OPC Unified Architecture, OPC Foundationek proposatutako garai berriko teknologia da, datu gordinen transmisiorako, produkzio maila desberdinen arteko, planifikazio eta enpresa sistemen arteko aurre tratatutako informazioaren transmisiorako egokiena delako. OPC UA-ren bitartez, edozein aplikazio edo erabiltzaile baimenduarentzat beharrezko informazio guztia eskura egongo da, edozein unetan eta lekuan. Proiektu honetan, CPS sistemen gainean OPC UA-n oinarritutako arkitektura bat eraiki nahi da produkzio datuen abzesurako. Horretarako PC-ak eta komunikazio sistema industrialak erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23305,2017-07,"The aim of this project is the implementation of a software made for the study of MPEG-7 standards' color descriptors influence on an image. This standard, links elements of audiovisual content, finding and selecting information for a multimedia content identification. In this case, an image description is made using its color parameters in order to make an XML data base for being compared with other images when a filtering is made.","Proiektuaren helburua irudi baten deskribapena egiteko MPEG-7 estandarraren kolore deskribatzaileen eragina aztertzen duen software baten ezarpena da. Estandarrak, ikus-entzunezko edukiak lotu, aurkitu eta informazioa hautatzen du, ondoren multimedia edukiak identifikatu ahal izateko. Lan honetan, irudiaren kolore deskripzioa lortzen da XML datu base batean gordetzeko eta ostean iragazpen bat gertatzen denean konparatu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26820,1995,"It is made a study about racialism and intolerance, explaining how integration and exclusion appear as acontradictory phenomena, and it is considered essential to resist the tensions derivated from this reality, from the Ethics, trough a change of our society attitudes.","Arrazakeri eta intolerantziaren azterketa bat egiten da, eta integrazio eta bazterketa fenomeno kontradiktorio gisa agertzen direla azaldu egiten da. Errealitate honek sorturiko tensioei Etikaren ikuspegitik aurre egitea funtsezkotzat hartzen da, geure gizartearen eginkizunetan aldaketaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19889,2016-12-19,"The aim of this Final Degree Project is to obtain the energy rating of the student’s home, which is an individual house within a block in Getxo (Bizkaia). Following the analysis some improvements that can be economically viable can be suggested. For that, the software CE3X version v1.3 has been used and after introducing the household data and the thermal envelope, the letter “G” has been obtained as energy efficiency rating. This determines the studied house as less efficient building. Therefore, making an analysis of possible improvements is a subject of great interest. A viability study of each of the improvements of the thermal envelope and the installations has been made. In order to reduce the CO2 emissions and also the energy consumption, but also getting satisfying comfort conditions at the same time, the best improvements have been chosen.","Hemen aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanaren helburua ikaslearen etxebizitzako energia eraginkortasun ziurtagiria lortzea eta ekonomikoki bideragarri hobekuntza batzuk proposatzea da. Getxon (Bizkaian), apartamentu-eraikin batean kokatutako etxebizitza indibidual bat da. Horretarako, software CE3X bertsio v1.3 erabili da. Etxebizitzaren datuak sartu eta gero, CE3Xek energia-jokabidea “G” taldean sailkatu du. Emaitza hau kaskarrena denez, hobekuntzaren analisia egitea interes handikoa da. Behin inguratzaile termikoaren eta instalazioen hobekuntzak aztertuta, bideragarritasun-txostena prestatu da. Horrela, hobekuntzarik egokienak aukera daitezke, hau da, CO2 isurpena eta energia-kontsumoa murrizten dituztenak eta, aldi berean, konfort egoerak betetzen dituztenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72815,2025-02-18,"Housing for tourist use poses economic and social challenges that, as its unstoppable boom continues, are generating a great deal of debate. As they are already part of today's society, this study will analyse the conflicts of interest that arise in this area and the problems they pose in horizontal property buildings, beyond the economic profitability for the owners who decide to invest in them. It will investigate the state legal regime and that which is applied in the autonomous communities, as well as the responses or jurisprudential solutions.","Erabilera Turistikoko Etxebizitzek erronka ekonomiko eta sozialak sortzen dituzte, eta haien gorakada geldiezinak aurrera egin ahala, eztabaida handia eragiten dute. Gaur egungo gizartearen parte dira jada, eta horregatik, azterlan honetan aztertuko dira gai honen inguruan sortzen diren interes-gatazkak eta jabetza horizontaleko eraikinetan sortzen dituzten arazoak, horietan inbertitzea erabakitzen duten jabeentzako errentagarritasun ekonomikoaz haratago. Estatuko araubide juridikoa eta autonomia erkidegoetan aplikatzen dena ikertuko da, eta baita jurisprudentziak ematen dituen erantzun edo irtenbideak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42064,2020-03-10,"Each student has got different skills, interests, rythms, motivations and experiences that condition his/her learning process. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) is the term used to describe all types of abuse, neglect, and other potentially traumatic experiences that occur to people under the age of 18 and that have negative effects on their integral development. The main goal was to compare what schools and teachers know and do about this theme with what experts say in order to find the keys of how to help these children. It seems that sensivility and experience are the key points.","Ikasle bakoitzak bere ikaspen prozesua baldintzatzen duen gaitasun, interes, erritmo, motibazio eta esperientzia ezberdinak ditu, azken hauen artean kokatuz Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), euskarara “Haurtzaroko esperientzia gogor goiztiar” gisa itzultzen dena. Esperientzia hauek (abusua, abandonua edo etxeko desegituraketak) eragin zuzena dute ikasleen garapen integralean ondorio negatibo ugari eraginez. Hortaz, lan honen helburu nagusia eskolek eta irakasleek gaiari buruz dakitena eta bere inguruan egiten dutena eta adituek diotena alderatzea izan da, egoera honetan dauden ikasleei behar duten laguntza eman ahal izateko gakoak bilatu nahian. Badirudi, sentsibilitatea eta esperientzia direla gakoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57216,2022-08-05,"Energy demand is constantly increasing, affecting both resources and the emission of pollutant gases. This concern for energy saving has led to the development of different techniques for the maintenance of thermal installations in buildings, with the aim of guaranteeing the proper functioning of equipment and systems. Thermoeconomics combines thermodynamic analysis with economic analysis, thus calculating the cost of the resources used, the investment in the equipment and the operating and maintenance costs. In order to locate the losses in energy use, a thermo-economic diagnosis is carried out, which discovers the abnormal operation of the equipment and quantifies them. Although thermo-economic analyses are becoming more and more frequent, they are not yet fully recurrent methods, let alone thermo-economics for diagnostic and preventive maintenance purposes in the field of residential installations. This work designs and experimentally tests an installation in a building located in Burgos at the Building Quality Control Laboratory of the Basque Government. The installation consists of an aerothermal heat pump with an auxiliary gas boiler to supply the heating demand for two weeks in winter. The control has been designed following the guidelines defined in the laboratory. After data collection and the corresponding energy and exergy analyses, the results have been analysed by means of thermoeconomics, in order to have a more in-depth study focused on irreversibilities. Thus, by means of the thermo-economic analysis, the costs associated with each point of the system and the equipment of the installation have been calculated. The results show that the installation could dispense with the boiler and work exclusively with the heat pump with hardly any sacrifice in indoor thermal comfort, saving 3% in 12 days. It is also calculated that the heating cost due to fuel consumption alone is 195.27 €/ (12 days) and the cost considering the purchase, operation and maintenance of the equipment is 244.02 €/ (12 days).","Energia-eskaria etengabe handitzen da, eta eragina du bai baliabideetan, bai gas kutsatzaileen isurketa. Energia aurrezteko kezka horren ondorioz, eraikinetako instalazio termikoak mantentzeko hainbat teknika garatu dira, ekipoen eta sistemen funtzionamendu egokia bermatzeko. Termoekonomiaren bidez, analisi termodinamikoa eta ekonomikoa konbinatzen dira, eta, horrela, erabilitako baliabideen kostua, ekipoetan egindako inbertsioa eta eragiketa- eta mantentze- kostuak kalkulatzen dira. Energiaren erabilgarritasunaren galerak aurkitzeko diagnostiko termoekonomiko bat egiten da, ekipoen funtzionamendu anormala aurkitu eta kuantifikatzen dituena. Analisi termoekonomikoak gero eta ohikoagoak diren arren, oraindik ez dira erabat errepikatutako metodoak, are gutxiago etxebizitza-instalazioen eremuan diagnostiko eta mantentze prebentiboa egiteko termoekonomia. Lan honek esperimentalki diseinatzen eta entseatzen du eraikin baten instalazio bat Burgosen, Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Eraikuntzaren Kalitatea Kontrolatzeko Laborategian. Instalazioak bero-ponpa aerotermiko bat du, gas-galdara osagarri batekin neguko bi astetan berokuntza-eskaria hornitzeko. Kontrola laborategian zehaztutako jarraibideen arabera diseinatu da. Datuak bildu eta dagozkien analisi energetiko eta exergetikoak egin ondoren, emaitzak termoekonomiaren bidez aztertu dira, atzeraezintasunetan oinarritutako azterketa sakonagoa izan ahal izateko. Hala, analisi termoekonomikoaren bidez, instalazioaren sistemako eta tresneriako puntu bakoitzari lotutako kostuak kalkulatu dira. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, instalazioak galdara bazter dezake eta bero-ponparekin bakarrik lan egin dezake, barruko erosotasun termikoa ia sakrifikatu gabe, 12 egunetan %3 aurreztuz. Era berean, kalkulatzen da berokuntzaren kostua, erregaiaren kontsumoagatik soilik, 195,27€/ (12egun) dela, eta ekipamenduen erosketa, eragiketa eta mantentzea kontuan hartuta kostua 244,02€/ (12egun) dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24362,2015,"Local Safety Audits (LSA) for the general population are the result of the development of Canadian Women Safety Audits (WSA). We can see their adaptation in the Basque Country in the form of the so-called “fear maps” or “maps of the forbidden city”. This paper deals with the meaning and impact of Basque general audits and fear maps in the debate on gender violence with a criminological perspective. Some of these projects try to combine local scale and quantitative and qualitative participatory techniques. However, they are an instrument entailing some assumptions to be analysed within the current context of passive social unrest and punitive security policies.","Gizarte osoari zuzendutako segurtasun-ikuskaritza lokalak emakumeentzako segurtasunikuskaritza lokalen jarraipen gisa sortu ziren Kanadan. Euskal Herrian, “beldurraren mapa” edo “debekatutako hiriaren mapa” gisa egokitu dituzte. Artikuluak ikuskaritza orokorrek eta beldurraren mapek Euskal Herrian duten esanahia eta eragina aztertzen ditu. Azterketa hori genero indarkeriari buruzko eztabaidarekin lotuta eta ikuspegi kriminologikotik egiten du artikuluak. Maila lokaleko teknika parte-hartzaileak, izaera kuantitatibokoak zein kualitatibokoak, konbinatzen saiatzen dira horietako proiektu batzuk. Dena dela, onarpen jakin batzuk dakartzaten tresnak dira, eta onarpen horiek egungo testuinguruan aztertu behar dira, hain zuzen ere gizartearen pozik ezaren eta pasibotasunaren testuinguruan eta segurtasun-politika zigortzaileen barruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60273,2023-03-06,"The purpose of this bibliographic review is to analyze the responsibility that the school has in the accompaniment of those children who, due to the process of abandonment and adoption, carry an early trauma. This work defines this process, to later emphasize and study the importance of the attachment bond, in addition to the traces that the previously mentioned adversities can cause in the individual at an early age. A pedagogical approach is also made to the Lóczy institution, which, after working with abandoned children for decades, builds a way of looking at, caring for and educating this particular student body. It is also an institution of special interest for formal education, since the inclusion of this practice in the classroom helps to meet the needs of these children. 57 scientific articles are studied, which include the consequences of these experiences, as well as the tools to face the deficits caused by them. Among the main contributions, the importance of the relationship to be established between teachers and students, the importance of the bond and active and affective communication, attending to their physiological needs as well as validating their individuality and thus cementing the vital project of each child, stand out. In conclusion, this literature review confirms that the pedagogical relationship proposed by Lóczy; early care that also includes emotional and affective involvement by the care institution in charge of the child, is decisive in shaping the identity and ensuring an adequate psychological and physical development of the individual, thus overcoming the burden of the trauma of abandonment and adoption.","Berrikuspen bibliografiko honen helburua eskolak zer erantzukizun duen abandonu eta adopzio-prozesuaren ondorioz trauma goiztiarra duten haurren laguntzan aztertzea da. Lan honek prozesu hori definitzen du, eta, ondoren, atxikimendu-loturaren garrantzia azpimarratzen eta aztertzen du, aurrez aipatutako ezbeharrek adin txikitan gizabanakoarengan sor ditzaketen arrastoez gain. Gainera, Lóczy erakundera hurbilketa pedagogikoa egiten da; izan ere, hainbat hamarkadatan abandonatutako haurrekin lan egin ondoren, ikasle horiei begiratzeko, zaintzeko eta hezteko modu bat eraikitzen du. Interes bereziko erakundea da hezkuntza formalerako, praktika hori ikasgeletan sartzeak haur horien premiak asetzen laguntzen baitu. 57 artikulu zientifiko aztertu dira, bizipen horien ondorioak eta bizipen horiek eragindako defizitei aurre egiteko tresnak biltzen dituztenak. Ekarpen nagusien artean, honako hauek nabarmentzen dira: irakasleen eta ikasleen artean ezarri behar den harremanaren garrantzia, loturaren eta komunikazio aktibo eta afektiboaren garrantzia, premia fisiologikoak kontuan hartuta, indibidualtasuna baliozkotuta eta haur bakoitzaren bizi-proiektua oinarri hartuta. Ondorio gisa, berrikuspen bibliografiko honek berresten digu Lóczy-k proposatzen duen harreman pedagogikoa (adingabearen ardurapeko zaintza-erakundearen inplikazio emozional eta afektiboa barne hartzen duen arreta goiztiarra) erabakigarria dela gizabanakoaren nortasuna taxutzeko eta garapen psikologiko eta fisiko egokia bermatzeko orduan, abandonuaren eta adopzioaren traumaren zama gaindituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19490,2016-11-07,"This end of grade work (EGW) consists in the development of two different control algorithms for a multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) system which models the behavior of a helicopter. The first one stabilizes the beam of the system in a predefined position regardless of disturbances. The second one makes mockup follow a preset trajectory. The task has included the analysis of the system, its modeling and construction and implementation of both controls. This way, the student has been able to learn how to deal with real time controls and math tools like “Matlab” or “Simulink”, carrying a work which may have a further application in a real helicopter if it is considered so.","Gradu amaierako lan (GAL) honek helikoptero baten eredua egiten duen sarrera eta irteera anitzeko (MIMO) sistema baterako bi control algoritmo eraikitzean datza. Lehenengoak ardatza aurretik zehaztutako posizio batean egonkortzen du, nahiz eta perturbazioak egonaren aukera. Bigarrenak maketak aurretik hautatutako ibilbidea jarraitzea lortzen du. Lana sistemaren analisiaz, haren modelaketaz eta kontrol bien eraikuntzaz eta inplementazioaz osatu da. Honela, ikaslea erreal denborako kontrolekin eta “Matlab” edo “Simulink” erreminta matematikoekin lan egiteko gai izan da, etorkizunean benetazko helikoptero batean ezarpena izan litekeen lana eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42069,2020-03-10,"Nowadays, the students that are integrated in the school later than the usual date, have several difficulties in order to adapt to the language that is currently used in the school, that in this case is the Basque, taking to account that this language is an utterly new language for them, it becomes even more complicated for these students. However, teachers attach them the same method that is used with other students. But, is this strategy efficient for these children? Furthermore, is beneficial for the them? So, my work is based on the reflection of this method. After carrying out an análisis of the situation, an innovative theorical proposal will be proposed that best adapts both to the reality and to the level of children. For this, has been carried out a continuous observation of the oral development of the second language of two students of Jakintza Ikastola. Moreover, once having contacted with Jakintza Ikastola of Ordizia, Montessori school of Vitoria and Colegio Vizcaya in Zamudio, their integration systems and methods for oral language have been analysed.","Egun, ikastetxean ohiko deialdia baino beranduago integratzen diren ikasleak itsaso zabalean noraezean dabiltzan txalupak bailiran egoten dira ikastetxeko hizkuntzaren ozeano zabalean, euskararekin, hots, guztiz berria zaien hizkuntza batekin. Eurentzat inoiz zapaldu gabeko lurra da honakoa, esparru arrotza, euren ama-hizkuntzarekin inongo loturarik ez duena. Hau horrela, oro har, ikastetxeek honako rol edo papera hartzen dute: lehen momentutik gainontzeko haurrekin erabiltzen duten metodoa atxikitzea. Baina, zenbaterainoko eraginkortasuna du honek? Are gehiago, onuragarria al da ikasleentzat? Horrela, bada, metodo honen inguruko hausnarketan datza nire lana. Era berean, egoera honen inguruko azterketa egin ostean, haurren errealitatera eta mailara ahalik eta ondoen egokitzen den proposamen teoriko berritzaile bat planteatuko da, xede nagusia, bigarren hizkuntzaren jabekuntza arrakastatsua eta aberasgarria lortzea da. Honetarako, Ordiziako Jakintza Ikastolako bi ikasleren bigarren hizkuntzarekiko ahozko garapen prozesuei etengabeko behaketa egin zaie, aldi berean, Jakintza Ikastolarekin, Gasteizko Montessori ikastetxearekin eta Zamudioko Colegio Vizcaya ikastetxearekin harremanetan jarri eta bakoitzaren ahozko hizkuntzaren integrazio sistemak eta metodoak aztertu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42053,2020-03-10,"Emotions present themselves throughout our lives in varied fields, and in this case, creativity has been chosen as a mean of expression. As a result of the numerous studies that have been carried out to know the extent of emotions in the educational context, this work starts from the need to demonstrate the importance of the relationship between creative expression and emotional expression. For the realization of this work, first, a conceptual analysis is carried out about the mixed models of emotional intelligence and the importance of emotional education in the academic field, as well as the use of artistic expression for the management of emotions. Secondly, a proposal for a curriculum intervention is made with a group of pupils from the 2º cycle of Primary Education. It consists of conducting a workshop to learn about the development of their creative emotional intelligence and the attitudes developed towards the study. The results, although being a preliminary approximation to the topic, suggest a relationship between personality traits and creative ability, but no differences have been found associated with the age or gender of the participating students. The workshop is characterized by exploring a model of creative practices different from what is generally widespread. But, following the analysis of the results, it is concluded that alternative sources for the development of creativity have not yet been explored. The relevance of this topic lies in the idea of showing the importance of working on the application of emotional competencies to improve emotional and personal development in the education of students","Emozioak bizitzako hainbat esparrutan ezagutzera ematen dira, eta kasu honetan, sormena aukeratu da adierazpen euskarri bezala. Egunera arte, testuinguru hezitzailean emozioen garrantziaz jabetzeko egin diren ikerketa ugarien ondorioz, honako lana abiapuntu gisa du adierazpen sortzaile eta adierazpen emozionalaren arteko erlazioaren garrantzia frogatzeko beharra. Lehengo eta behin, kontzeptu-analisia egiten da adimen emozionaleko eredu mistoen inguruan zein hezkuntza emozionalaren garrantziari buruz eremu akademikoan, baita ere adierazpen artistikoaren erabileraren gain emozioen kudeaketarako. Bigarrenik, Lehen Hezkuntzako 2. zikloko ikasle-talde bati proposatutako esku-hartze kurrikularra aurkezten da. Tailer horrek, ikasleen adimen emozional sortzailearen garapena ezagutzea du oinarria, baita ikerketa prozesuan zehar garatutako jarrerak ere. Jasotako emaitzek, gaiarekiko aurretiazko hurbilketa izanez, nortasun ezaugarriak eta ahalmen sortzailearen arteko erlazioa iradokitzen dute. Baina ez dira ikasle parte-hartzaileen adina edo generoari lotutako desberdintasunik aurkitu. Hala eta guztiz ere, honako tailerrak bereizgarri du, oro har hedatutako praktika sortzaile gehienenekin alderatuta eredu desberdineko proposamena esploratzen duela. Baina, emaitzen analisiaren ondoren, oraindik ere sormenaren garapenerako ordezko iturririk ez direla esploratu ondorioztatzen da. Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, konpetentzia emozionalen aplikazioan lan egiteari duen garrantziari eusten dio, ustetan ikasleen garapen emozionala eta pertsonala garatzeko laguntzen duen ezinbesteko eragile dela" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25858,2018-03-21,"Literary classics are part of our cultural heritage. However, their complexity prevents the youngest ones from understanding and enjoying them. Facing this situation, there are those who defend the use of adaptations to set closer these works to the children, while others prefer to wait until they have enough literary competence to approach to the complete work. The curriculum of Pre-school Education of the BAC, meanwhile, doesn't consider specifically the classics. In this work it's analyzed the presence of these works in the Pre-school Education classroom through surveys to the faculty and, taking as a reference El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha, several children's adaptations are analyzed. It all shows the contradiction that exists between the curriculum and the reality of the classroom, where classics are often present.","Literatura-klasikoak gure kultura-ondarearen partaideak dira. Hala ere, hauen konplexutasunagatik umeek ezin dute klasikoak ulertu ezta haietaz gozatu ere. Egoera honen aurrean, batzuek egokitzapenen erabilera defendatzen dute obra hauek haurrei hurbiltzeko; beste batzuek, ordea, nahiago dute umeek gaitasun literario nahikoa izatea obra osoa ezagutzeko. EAE-ko Haur Hezkuntza Curriculumak, bere aldetik, ez du espresuki klasikoak barneratzen. Lan honetan Haur Hezkuntzako geletan dagoen obra hauen presentzia aztertzen da irakasleriari zuzendutako inkesten bidez eta, El Ingenioso Hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha erreferentziatzat hartuta, haur-egokitzapen batzuk aztertzen dira. Honek guztiak antzemanarazten du curriculumaren eta gelan dagoen errealitatearen arteko kontraesana, azken honetan klasikoak presente baitaude." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29195,2018-10-22,"In this work a mechanical analysis is carried out on a yet to be produced climbing ice axe, validating and optimizing certain aspects of its design: a required work ahead of its Ice axes are commonly used in the mountain to assist the climber ́s progression through challenging terrain, as well as for ice climbing and dry tooling applications. subjected to high forces relative to their size during use. Their correct design is a non trivial task, given the need to combine functionality and ensure the climber ́s safety at the same eve the product ́s lightness is also a must. In this manner, following an initial materials selection, Finite Element analysis have been carried out, accompanied by their corresponding calculations, in order to properly characterize se against static and cyclic loads. Therefore, a number of improvement proposals have been extracted with the purpose of reducing the tool ́s weight and increase its life, as a way to optimize the existing design. . Therefore, a number of improvement with the purpose","Lan honetan merkatuan oraindik erresistentea aurkezten da, bere diseinuko zenbait ezaugarri balioztatuz eta optimizatuz, fabrikazioaren aurrelan gisa. Pioleta mendi munduan maiz erabiltzen den tresna da, bai negu eskalada eta eremu mistoetarako ere. Bere tamainarekiko esfortzu handiak sufritzen duen tresna da. Hori dela eta, arintasuna, funtzionaltasuna eta eskalatzailearen segurtasuna bermatzen duen diseinu egokia burutzea ez da lan erraza. Honela, Elementu F inituz hainbat analisi egin dira, aurretiko materialen hautaketa eta aztertutako CAD modeloaren karga estatiko eta ziklikoekiko erantzunaren karakterizaziorako kalkuluak egin ondoren. Modu honetan, diseinuaren alderdi batzuk optimizatzeko asmoarekin, hobek untzarako hainbat proposamen azaltzen dira, pisua murrizteko eta balio areagotzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25252,2003,"The social fracture that multicultural societies suffer aggravates the crises in connection with the socialization of young generations. Starting from the concept of multicultural society, the problems of criminality in this context are analyzed, aiming some considerations on the differential victimization observed between the immigrants. The development of an adequate penal and social policy to the new situations must be adapted to the great problems that social changes create.","Gizarte multikulturalak jasaten ari diren krisiaren ondorioz, gazteen bergizarteratze prozesuak ere zailago egiten dituzte. Gizarte multikulturalaren konzeptuaz hasita, kriminalitateak kontextu honetan ematen dituen arazoak azaltzen dira, inmigranteen artean ematen den biktimizazioari buruzko analisia egin ondoren. Politika penal eta sozial baten garapenak, gaitasuna izan behar du gizartea jasaten ari den aldaketari aurre egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34840,2019-07-26,"Nowadays the challenges that arise in the intelligent factory in the concept of the industry 4.0include, the improvement of the quality of the product, as well as, the optimization of the performance of the production plants. The technology of fog computation is presented as a potential solution to the problem of mass production data processing to detect anomalies and act early. These applications are known as distributed context-aware applications, and they react to changes in their environment. In this case, manufacturing. In this project it is proposed to use ""cloud"" technologies but adapting them to the efficiency requirements of these applications. In cloud environments applications are executed as virtualized components or containers orchestrated in a centralized way.In this project we propose the extension of the architecture of one of the orchestration platforms of the media, which allows scheduling based on the negotiation in a multi agent (MAS) system. The efficiency of the cloud platform in terms of the automation of container management, deployment and scaling, together with decentralized decision making and the autonomy of the MAS systems, form a robust basis for approaching in a near future reconfigurable and efficient manufacturing applications, when anomalies are detected in the production plant. In the memory, it ́s made an analysis of the requirements as a basis for choosing the platform among the existing alternatives. The selected platform is described and the technical specification of the extension of the architecture is presented. To analyze the performance of the developed proposal, there are performed some tests on a processor cluster that represents the fog platform, which has been developed in the GCIS research group of the Bilbao School of Engineering.","Gaur egun fabrika inteligenteari planteatzen zaizkion erronkak industria 4.0 kontzeptuaren barnean, ondokoak hartzen ditu: produktuaren kalitatearen hobekuntza, baita ekoizpen fabriken errendimenduaren optimizazioa ere. Helburu hauek lortzeko, produkzioaren datu masiboen arazoari aurre egiteko, irtenbide bezala “Fog computing” aurkezten da, irregulartasunak aurkitzeko eta bizkortasunez erantzuteko. Aplikazio hauek, testuniguruari sentikorrak diren banatutako aplikazioak bezala ezagutzen dira, testuinguruko aldakatei erantzuten baitiote. Kasu honetan, produkzio aldaketak. Proiektu honetan “cloud” teknologiak erabiltzea proposatzen da, baina aplikazio hauen eragikonrtasunaren baldintzetara egokituz. “Cloud” testuinguruetan, aplikazioak osagai arin birtualizatu edota era zentralizatuan antolatutako edukiontzi bezala exekutatzen dira.Proiektu honetan antolamendu plataforma baten luzapena proposatzen da. Bertan, bere exekuzioaren planifikazioa negoziazio bitartez emoten da multi agente sistema (MAS) batean oinarritua. “Cloud” plataformen efizientzia, kudeaketaren, hedapenaren eta edukiontzien eskaladoaren automatizazioari dagokionez, erabaki-hartze deszentralizatuari eta MAS sistemen autonomiari lotuta,etorkizunean fabrikazioren berkonfigurazio efizienteak ekinarazteari oinarri sendoak jartzen dizkio, produkzio plantan arazoak detektatzen direnean. Memoria atalean plataformen betekizunen analisi bat aurkezten da, existitzen diren plataformen artean aukeratu ahal izateko. Aukeratutako plataforma describatzen da eta arkitektura luzapenaren espezifikazio teknikoa aurkezten da. Garatutako proposamenaren errendimendua aztertzeko, Bilboko Ingenieritza eskolako GCIS ikerketa taldeak garatutato Fog plataforma errepresentatzen duen prozesadore cluster batean proba batzuk egiten dita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26362,1988,"Research has been carried out on all the sentences passed by the Provincial Court of Guipúzcoa, during the year 1986. The aim of this research has been to get to know some aspects concerning the victim in offences. For example compensation requested by the Public Prosecutor, compensation granted by the Judge, the nature and age of victim, the nature and degree of the damage caused, the value of stollen and damaged goods and the accused's various answer in court with regard to the compensation.","Delitu-biktimazioaren gaineko aspektu batzu ezagutzearren, 1986.ean Gipuzkoako Entzuntegi Probintzialak emandako epai guztiei buruzko ikerketa burutu da, ikertutakoak honako hauek direlarik: Fiskalak eskatu eta epaileak emaniko kalte-ordainak, subjektu pasiboaren mota eta adina, biktimari egin zaizkion kalteen mota eta iraupena, kaltetu eta substraituaren balioa eta kalte-ordainaren aldetik kondenatuak eman dituen erantzunak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23307,2017-09,"This project consists in addressing the design and development of a course that reproduces high utility industrial scenarios, such as classification through artificial vision and palletization of elements with different characteristics. The different tasks include the design and fabrication of some elements included in the application, the integration and wiring of the course itself, including the programming of the different automated elements (camera-vision, the robot's movements and the PLC's global control).","Lan honetan ekiten da eszenario baten diseinua eta garapena egoera industrial erabilgarriak errepikatzen dituenak, hala nola klasifikazioa ikusmen artifizialaren bitartez eta ezaugarri desberdinetako piezen paletizazioa. Ebatzitako zereginen artean aurki daitezke aplikazioa osatzen duten zenbait elementuen diseinua eta fabrikazioa, hauen integrazioa eta kableatzea eszenarioan , elementu automatizatuen programazaio-arte (kamara-ikusmen, robotaren mugimenduak eta PLC-aren kontrol globala)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18677,2016-07-21,"This Final Degree Dissertation revolves around an educational proposal called ""Euskal Jolasak"", the main function of which is to strengthen the use of the Basque language in the educational field, keeping in mind the current sociolinguistic reality of Vitoria-Gasteiz. With this purpose, the historic evolution of the Basque language; the current situation of both the Basque language and the linguistic models; the normalisation of this language; and the language teaching processes, have been examined. This work has been carried out with the purpose of implementing strategies to promote the use of this language in Infant Education, basing mainly on the following three questions: 1) What is the current situation of the Basque language in Vitoria-Gasteiz?; 2) What is the reason why a high amount of children speak Basque with their teachers and Spanish among themselves?; 3) How could the use of this language during the playground time be fostered? To sum up, the following lines present the key features for transporting the Basque from its knowledge to speech through play.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan euskara hezkuntza arloan barrenetik mintzora garraiatzeko ""Euskal Jolasak"" jolas bilduma aurkeztuko da, Gasteizko egungo errealitate soziolinguistikoa aintzat hartuta. Horretarako, euskararen bilakaera historikoa, euskararen eta hizkuntza-ereduen gaur egungo egoera, euskararen normalizazioa, eta hizkuntzen irakaskuntza prozesua aztertu dira. Honako lan hau, Haur Hezkuntzan euskararen erabilera sustatzeko estrategiak martxan jartzeko helburuarekin burutu da, hiru galdera-eragiletan oinarrituz: 1) Zein da euskararen egoera gaur egun Gasteizen?; 2) Zergatik Haur Hezkuntzako ume askok irakasleekin euskaraz eta kideekin gaztelaniaz egiten dute Gasteizen?; 3) Nola euskaldundu litezke patioak? Horrenbestez, hurrengo lerroetan euskara ezagutzatik erabilerara eramateko gakoak aurkeztuko dira, betiere jolasaren bitartez" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14688,2015-03-02,"This Bachelor Thesis introduces an automated algorithm that has been developed to determine the optimum gains of the control loop in a parallel kinematics mechanism. The program has been applied to a 5R mechanism, but is suitable for any other kind of parallel kinematics mechanism if introduced the appropriate mechatronic model. It provides us with a procedure to choose amongst a wide range of combinations of engine-gearbox the one that suits best for a particular mechanism, without having to make oversized purchases, as it is the case with the 5R.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua zinematika paralelozko mekanismo baten ganantziak optimizatzea da programa automatiko baten bidez. Algoritmoa 5R mekanismoan erabiltzen da lan honetan, baina edozein mekanismotan erabili ahal da modelo mekatroniko egokia sartzen bada. Programa honi esker motor-engranaje kaxa kombinazio egokiena hautatu ahal da mekanismo batean, erosketa ez beharrezkoak egiten saihesten eta froga asko egiten aurrezten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58289,2022-06-15,"Criminals have found in technologies new ways of approaching victims. These evolution of criminality is of concern to society, especially with regard to the protection of minors. In order to satisfy both social demands and international obligations, through the LO 5/2010, which reforms the penal code, the offence of child grooming was typified for the first time in Spain. The aim of this study is to analyse the wording given by the legislator to the offence. To this end, the focus will be placed on the most conflictive areas, mainly on the problems of duplicity generated by the ad hoc concurrence clause.","Delitugileek, biktimengana iristeko modu berriak aurkitu dituzte teknologietan. Kriminalitatearen eboluzio honek, gizartearen kezka pizten du, bereziki, adintxikikoak babeste aldera. Eskakizun sozial nahiz nazioarteko obligazioak asetzeko helburuz, zigor kodea erreformatzen duen 5/2010 LO-aren bitartez, Espainian child grooming deritzon delituzko figura tipifikatu zen lehen aldiz. Azterlan honek, legegileak arau hausteari emandako erredakzioaren analisia du objektu. Horretarako, planteatzen dituen alor gatazkatsuenetan jarriko da fokua, nagusiki, ad hoc konkurtso klausulak sortutako bikoiztasun aferetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32244,2019-03-29,"For some time now, human activities such as industrialization are degrading the quality of water all over the world, contaminating it and making it unusable. In the past, the environment used to assimilate the negative effects of human activities but due to the demographic growth and the increasing industrialization, the environment is no longer able to assimilate such harming activities by itself. Therefore, the fact that water is indispensable and the increasing interest in the protection of the planet have motivated the necessity of helping it to purify the water. All of the above gives meaning to this project: Design and Sizing of a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Camprovín, La Rioja. Camprovín is a small village at the feet of Lara and Moncalvillo mountains in La Rioja. It has a population of 145 people, although this number doubles and even triples in summer and during the local festivities. At present, they have a wastewater treatment system made of a septic tank which collects all the residual waters that come from the biggest part of the village and discharges this sewage into a small river called Barranco del Soto. The purification system does not meet the quality standards, since the wastewater is only treated at a primary stage. The situation gets worse in pick season, when more people arrive at the village and it even affects the nearby downstream villages. As it is very important to treat the sewage according to the regulations, it is strictly necessary to build a Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in Camprovín. To this end, this projects deals with the different alternatives and locations where the new purification system could be installed in the village. In addition, the rest of the necessary elements to make the WWTP work properly are also evaluated. Among them, we can find an access road, the effluent sewer, the sewage pipe and the reconditioning of the septic tank, since it will not be necessary anymore after the commissioning of the WWTP. The chosen purification system is a Fixed Biomass Process with Trickling Filter. Firstly, a pretreatment with roughing and desanding is performed. After that, a gravity water separator is used for primary treatment and, finally, the trickling filter and a secondary separator are used for biological treatment. A static sludge thickener and a storage tank have been designed to store the mud before carrying it to a nearby sludge treatment facility. Besides, the septic tank will become a rain overflow chamber prior to the WWTP. In summary, this project deals with the design and sizing of a WWTP which complies with the regulations in terms of sewage purification in order to improve the current problems in Camprovín.","Giza eta industria jarduerek uren ezaugarriak aldatzen dituzte hauek kutsatuz eta hauen ondorengo erabilerak arriskuan jarriz. Orain dela denbora bat arte, egiten ziren isurketak ingurumenean barneratzen ziren autodepurazio prozesuaren bitartez. Igoera demgrafikoak eta induatrializazioak prozesu hau baliogabetu dute. Uraren garrantzia ezinbesteko baliabide bezala eta ingurumenaren babesaren interés hazkorrak, uraren arazketaren garrantzia motibatu dute. Eta horrela proiektu honek zentzua hartu du: Hondakin Uren Araztegiaren diseinua eta dimentsionamendua Camprovín-en, Errioxa. Camprovín-eko herria Lara eta Moncalvillo mendikateen oinetan kokatuta dago, Errioxan. 145 biztanle inguru ditu, baina biztanleria hau bikoiztu egiten da udan eta jaiegunetan. Gaur egun, saneamendu sarea unitarioa da, arazketa sistema putzu septiko batez osatuta dago, zeinek udalerriko ur gehienak jasotzen dituen eta Barranko del Soto errekan isurtzen dituen. Lehen mailako tratamendua denez, isuritako efluenteak ez ditu uren arazketen kalitate helburuak betetzen, batez ere udan eta jaiegunetan, biztanleriak gora egiten duenean hain zuzen ere. Eta horrela, udalerriarentzako eta hurbil dauden herrientzako arazo bat bilakatu da. Ur arazketan eskatutako kalitate maila betetzeko, tratamendu egoki baten beharraren aurrean gaude, eta beraz, H.U.A baten eraikuntza ezinbestekoa egiten da. Horretarako, proiektu honetan, kokaleku alternatibak eta arazketa sistema egokienak ikertzen dira. Gainera, gainontzeko beharrezko elementuak dimentsionatzen dira Hondakin Uren Araztegia funtzionala izateko. Hauen artean, sarbide bide bat, igorle eta kolektore efluentea eta hobi septikoaren egokitzapena martxan jartzen dira, behin H.U.A jarrita, beharrezkoa izateari utziko diolako. Aukeratutako arazketa sistema Biomasa Finko baten prozesua da, Iragazki Perkoladore baten bitartez. Aurre-tratamendua arbastuz eta hare-kenduraz hornitzen da. Lehen mailako dekantagailua grabitate bidez lehen mailako tratamendu bezala eta iragazki perkoladore eta bigarren mailako dekantagailua tratamendu biologikoa bezala. Lohi lerrorako espesagailu estatikoa diseinatu da eta baita ere, biltegiratze gordailu bat, hurbil dagoen lohi tratamendu fabrikara eraman baino lehen. Beste alde batetik, hobi septikoa ekaitz depositu bat bilakatuko da H.U.A egin baino lehen. Laburtuz, proiektu hau Camprovín-en H.U.A baten diseinuari eta dimentsionamenduari buruz da, hondakin uren arazketa helburuak betez eta azken urteetan mahaigaineratu diren arazoei erantzun bat aurkituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25590,1994,"The current Polish situation is analysed considering the end of the communist regime. This transformation process towards a free market implies an increase of poverty and delinquency, as well as new forms of criminality. Likewise the way in which these phenomena affect human rights is presented.","Komunista jaurpidearen bukaeragatik gertatutako aldaketaren ondoren, Poloniako gaurko egoera aztertzen da. Hemen azaltzen da no la merkatu askeraino aldakuntza aldi honek gabezia eta gaiztakeria gehiagotzen duen. eta kriminalitatearen era berri batzuen agerpena ere bai. Aztertzen da baila ere zer nolako eragina dituzten erakuspen hauek giza eskubideetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25571,1995,"The euthanasia concept as a death without agony is studied through the historical evolution of different execution systems. Likewise, problems that can be raised about euthanasia, with regard to cerebral death, hibernation, cerebral coma, vigil coma and the liberty question, are explained. In the same way, it is made a distinction between euthanasia and the right to a worthy death.","Eutanasia kontzeptua ikertzen da agoniarik gabeko heriotza bezala, betetzeko sistema desberdinetako bilakaera historikoaren bidez. Era berean, Eutanasian planteia daitezken arazoak adierazten dira. heriotza zerebrala, hibernazio, koma zerebrala, koma bijila eta askatasunaren gaiari dagokienez. Eta bukalzeko, eutanasia eta heriotza duinari eskubidearen arteko bereizkuntza burutzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23108,2017-07,"The Project consists in designing the Finite Elements Model of a free-maintenance angular bearing. Angular bearings are elements which are able to resist radial loads, angular loads and different combinations of both together. The Project then consists, in, through this model, obtaining the behavior of the angular bearing under different types of combined axial and radial loads. Therefore, the aim of the project is to make a functional finite element model to obtain the load distribution and the general behavior of the bearing with those loads applied.","Proiektuak mantenimendu gabezko kontaktu angulardun errotula baten elementu finitozko eredua sortzean datza. Errotula angularrak makina osogaiak dira, zeintzuk zama axial, erradial edo bien kombinazioak jasan dezakete. Beraz, eredu horren bidez, balore ezberdineko zama erradial eta axialen aurrean errotula angularrak duen jokabidea karakterizatzean datza proiektua. Proiektuaren betebeharra, beraz, elementu finitozko eredua sortzea da zamen banaketa eta zamengan ereduaren jokabidea lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36814,2019-12-12,"In the final grade work below is carried out a study on photovoltaic alternatives to traditional solar panels and their aplications in a single-family house. The aim is to present a technology with less visual impact than a solar panel and as efficient as possible. In order to develop this study, comparative tables will be used and a simulation will be carried out using the PVSyst software in a real home.","Ondorengo gradu amaiera lan honetan etxebizitza isolatu baterako aplikazioei eta ohiko eguzki-plakei alternatiben ikerketa bat egiten da. Lortu nahi duguna, eguzki plaken ordez beste teknologia bat erabiltzea inpaktu bisuala gutxiago duenaren eta ahalik eta eraginkortasun handiagoaren baten ordez da. Ikerketa aurrera eramateko taula konparatiboen bidez eta PVSyst softwarekin simulazio bat egingo dugu benetako etxebizitza batean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16234,2015-11-27,"The aim of this project is the analysis of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning system of the Department of Thermal Engineering. We will analyze the machine, if works properly, and also we will make a study of the offices, if the conditions of the air are the proper ones. Thus, on the following text, we will see if the conditions before said are the correct ones, and if they are not some alternatives will be proposed. For this purpose, measuring will be made in the machine and also in each office. The data obtained from the measuring (temperatures, flows, humidity, etc…) are collected in an Excel to work with them easily and to identify the fails easier. The work is structured as follows: Introduction and description of the system. Methodology used for measuring and analysis of the system. Conclusions, sources of information and annexes.","Proiektu honen helburua, Makina eta Motor Termiko sailean dagoen aire girotu, aireztatze eta berogailu sistema elikatzen duen makinaren analisi bat egitea da. Makina behar duen bezala lan egiten duen eta bulegoetan airearen kalitatea bermatzen baden ikusiko dugu. Hortaz, testu honek aurreko egoerak betetzen diren edo ez argituko du eta ezezko kasua izatekotan funtzionamendu normalera bueltatzeko aukerak proposatuko dira. Horretarako neurketak bai bulegoetan egingo dira eta baita makinan ere. Datu hauek (tenperatuak, emariak, hezetasuna, eta abar…) Excel horri batean gordeko dira gero taulak lortzeko eta errazago identifikatzeko non dauden arazoak. Lana hurrengo eran egituratu da: Sistemaren sarrera eta deskribapena. Neurketak egiteko metodologia eta sistemaren analisia. Konklusioak, informazio iturriak eta eranskinak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24478,2017-09,"The aim of this project is to study the theory of mechanical vibrations, specially the following tasks: on one hand, the vibrational movement of a mechanic system with two degrees of freedom and, on the other hand, the concept of the absorber. This work is specially addressed to the study of the effects caused by the natural frequencies of the system. Therefore, different theoretical calculus will be done to describe the movement of this simple system and its properties. Afterwards, this data will be put into practice to build a prototype in order to compare the theoretical data with some measurements taken from the prototype.","Lan honen helburu nagusia bibrazio mekanikoen teorian sakontzea da, bereziki hurrengo bi kontzeptuetan: alde batetik, bi askatasun graduko sistema mekaniko baten bibrazioen azterketa egingo da, eta bestetik, absorsorearen kontzeptua. Proiektu hau, maiztasun naturalen efektuen azterketara bideratuko da, bereziki. Horregatik hainbat kalkulu teoriko burutuko dira sistema sinple honen mugimendua eta propietateak ezagutzeko eta, ondoren, praktikara eramateko prototipo baten muntaiaren bidez . Azkenik, kalkuluetatik lortutako datuak eta prototipoan egindako neurketak alderatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16297,2015-12-02,"This work deals with the analysis and comparison of different types of fins used in surfboards. To do this, various models found in the catalogues of the two most important companies in the sector have been analyzed. The geometric design of the chosen models has been made by a software that allows engineering simulations, ansys. Before proceeding with the analysis of the models, the material of one of them has been studied to know the properties of this. Since the material analyzed is used by each of the models, the results are valid for all cases. Once known the material, the static analysis is made using the software which is referenced above. For this, two typical situations that one can find in the sport have been modelled calculating the stresses occurring in each one of them. The behaviour of each fin has been concluded by analyzing the stresses and strains. So, by reference to the convenient features in each case, the comparison has been made.","Lan honetan, surf oholetan erabiltzen diren gila mota desberdinen analisia egin da. Horretarako, merkatuan garrantzi handiena duten bi enpresek euren katalogoetan eskaintzen dituzten modelo batzuk aztertu dira. Ingeniaritza simulazioak ahalbidetzen dituen ansys softwarea erabiliz egin da aukeratutako modeloen diseinu geometrikoa. Hauen analisiari ekin baino lehenago, gila hauetako bat aztertu da, hau osatzen duen materiala ezagutu eta ezaugarriak zehaztu asmoz. Aztertutakoa modelo guztiek erabiltzen duten ohiko materiala izanik, lortutako emaitzak baliogarriak dira gila guztiak aztertzeko. Materialaren propietateak ezagututa eta aipatutako softwareaz baliatuz, analisi estatikoa egin da. Horretarako, surfean aurkitzen diren ohiko egoera batzuk irudikatu dira, hauetan agertzen diren esfortzuak kalkulatuz. Gila bakoitzaren portaera, jasandako tentsio eta deformazioak aztertuz ondorioztatu da. Horrela, kasu bakoitzean komenigarrienak diren ezaugarriak oinarri hartuz, modelo desberdinen arteko konparaketa egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29304,2018-10-24,"ABSTRACT This project shows the control system design of real Quanser serie tank model. In modelling phase, it is obtained a behaviour model of the process to control which will allow analytically design feedback controllers. In validation phase, control loop will close implementing the controller designed in PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). In model identification phase as well as in direct control phase, it will use professional virtual tools and equipments of engineering.","LABURPENA Lan honen helburua da tanga-sistema baten maketa erreal batentzako kontrol-sistema diseinatzea. Ereduztapen-fasean kontrolatu beharreko prozesuaren portaera-eredua lortuko da, berrelikadura-bidezko kontrolagailuak diseinatzeko abiapuntu gisa erabiliko dena. Diseinua baliozkotzeko, kontrol zuzena burutuko da, diseinatutako kontrolagailua PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) batean inplementatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14744,2015-03-12,"First of all, the investigative context is analyzed trying to contribute a global vision of the situation of the I+D in the geographical, institutional and departmental environment. Secondly, I describe of shallow form the general subject-matter in which to frame two mentioned proposals of investigation as well as the general targets that I appear. In the third place, there is realized here a compilation of the results previous to investigation that serve as starting point for the lines of investigation that here appear. In last place, I raise the investigation line in detail, including the necessary essentials and preliminary results.","Lehenik eta behin, ikerketaren testuingua ikertuko da, horretarako I+D-ko eremu geografikoa, instituzionala eta departamentala kontuan hartuko dira. Bigarren, gaia orokorrean azalduko da, ikerketan proposatutako bi lan-ildoak azaladuz, baita lanaren helburuak zehaztuz. Hirugarrenez, emaitzen errekopilaketa bat egiten da, izan ere emaitza hauek ikereketaren funtsak izango dira. Azkenik, ikerketa planteatzen dut xehetasunez, beharrezko fundazio eta aurretiazko emaitzak barne." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14014,2015-01-16,"The artistic disciplines have always been a beneficial field little used in education. In this proposal for a musical theatre group in Primary Education, it has been investigated the world of theatrical pedagogy and its relationship with music and play as the transmission of values and development of learning techniques. The implementation through the design and application of a workshop by the mediator has managed that students could show significant advances in different fields such as body self-awareness or the discovery of new music genres, apart from promoting group dynamic within and out of the workshop. Looking to the future, this process has opened doors to new proposals in the field of child drama as well as the educational interest of the mediator.","Diziplina artistikoak positiboak bezain ez erabiliak izan dira betidanik hezkuntza arloan. Lehen Hezkuntzarako antzerki musikaleko tailer proposamen honetan, antzerki pedagogiaren munduan sakondu da, musikarekin eta jolasarekin kontaktuan jarriz, horiek baloreen transmisio eta ikaskuntza tresna gisa erabilita. Bitartekariak egindako plangintza eta martxan jartzeari esker, ikasleak hainbat arlotan erakutsi dute euren garapena hala nola, gorputzaren autoezagutzan edota musika genero berrien aurkikuntzan. Horrez gain, tailerrak, talde dinamikari lagundu egin dio tailer barruan nahiz kanpoan. Etorkizunari begira, prozesu honek ateak ireki dizkio bitartekariaren formakuntza interesari, baita ekimen berriak proposatzeari haur dramatizazioaren esparruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25263,2002,"The harm and risks reduction strategies can be defined as a set of social and sanitary measures, individual or collective, which try to diminish the negative effects (physical, psychic or social) associated to the drug use, that allow not to stigmatize the drug addict. In the globalización age, the public health and the respect to human rights have to be a priority of any drugs policy. In this way, it is tried to manage the respect towards the personal option to use drugs and also, in view of justice and charity criteria, to demand measures for the reduction of the possible harm associated to this phenomenon.","Esan daiteke min eta arriskuak murrizteko programak, gizarte eta osasun neurri bezala definitu daitezkela, drogen erabiltzailearengan dituzten ondorio negatiboak (fisikoak, psikikoak, edo sozialak) murrizteko. Globalizazioaren aroan, osasun publikoa eta giza eskubideekiko begiruneak izan behar luke garrantzizkoena, drogen aurkako politikak aplikatzerakoan. Era honetara, kontsumoaren kontsumo pertsonalarekiko begirunea lortu nahi da, eta era berean justizia eta onuren irizpidean oinarrituz neurriak eskatu nahi dira drogen fenomenoak ondoriotzat ekartzen dituen kalteak murriztu nahian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14736,2015-03-11,"In this document, the Final Degree Project carried out in order to make the study of the appropriate methodology for measuring electromagnetic (EM) exposure of LTE (Long Term Evolution) systems is presented. The EM exposure is an important aspect for the population, which is aware of the potential effects that such radiation may cause. To achieve the objectives of this study, the state of the art associated with this system has been analyzed, in order to distinguish the behavior of the LTE signal and thus make the study of the relevant parameters in the configuration of the equipment. It has been possible to define a methodology which enables to properly distinguish between activity and non-activity moments, observing the associated time slots. Moreover, using the methodology defined, measures of exposure have been conducted in the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao, comparing the data obtained with the reference level allowed to validate compliance with current regulations.","Dokumentu honetan aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanaren helburua, LTE (Long Term Evolution) sistemak esposizio elektromagnetikoak (EM) neurtzeko beharrezkoak diren metodologia egokien azterketa da. EMen esposizioa aspektu garrantzitsu bat da herritarrentzat, izan ere, erradiazio hauen efektu potentzialez kontzienteak dira. Lan honen helburuak lortzeko, aipatutako sistemarekin lotutako artearen egoera aztertu da, LTE seinalearen jarrera bereizteko eta horrela, ekipoen konfigurazioen parametro adierazgarrien azterketa burutzeko. Erlazionatutako ordutegiak behatuta, aktibitate eta ez aktibitate momentuak desberdintzen dituen metodologia bat definitzea lortu da. Horrez gain, definitutako metodologia erabilita, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoan esposizioaren inguruko neurriak burutu dira lortutako datuak, baimendutako erreferentzia mailarekin konparatuta, indarrean dagoen araudiaren betetzea baliozteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19643,2016-11-29,"The objective of this Project is the detention of impacts which may have occurred on structures, both during their transport and storage, in order to be able to perform a detailed report on the status of such structures. This project can be divided in three main parts: the “uSHM” impact detection system, the “uSHM Reader” system and a computer software. These three parts must be completed and combined for the complete development of the project. This document explains the development of the “uSHM Reader” more in detail, which is the system in charge of transferring information gathered by the impact detectors to the computer for a future visualization on the screen. For the development of such a system, three main phases will be followed: the analog design, de digital design and the programming.","Proiektu honen helburua egitura jakin batzuek bai garraioan bai biltegiratzean jasotako talkak antzematea da, aipatutako egituren egoerari buruzko txosten zehatz bat egin ahal izateko. Proiektua hiru atal nagusitan bereiz daiteke, ""uSHM"" talka-antzemate sistema, ""uSHM Reader"" sistema irakurlea eta ordenagailurako software-a. Hiru atal hauek osatuz eta konbinatuz eramango da aurrera proiektuaren garapen osoa. Dokumentu honetan ""uSHM Reader"" sistemaren garapena azalduko da xehetasun gehiagorekin, talka-detektagailuek bildutako informazioa ordenagailura helarazteaz arduratuko dena, ondoren pantailan bistaratzeko. Sistema horren garapenerako hiru fase nagusi beteko dira: diseinu analogikoa, diseinu digitala eta programatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69686,2024-10-04,"Conscientious objection is currently a newsworthy issue. This research will deal with its health aspect, specifically in the areas of abortion and euthanasia. Although it is regulated in the regulations of both rights and there is even jurisprudence on it, there is still a proliferation of dilemmas in relation to objectors and the registry of conscientious objectors, developed by each Autonomous Community. Another problematic aspect is the collision of rights between those individuals who need assistance in dying and abortion, and health professionals who are objectors in accordance with their religious and ideological convictions.","Kontzientzia-objekzioa, gaur egun, albiste bat da. Ikerketa honetan alderdi sanitarioa jorratuko da, bereziki abortuaren eta eutanasiaren esparruetan. Bi eskubideen araudian araututa dagoen arren, eta horri buruzko jurisprudentzia egon arren, eragozleei eta kontzientzia-eragozleen erregistroari buruzko hainbat dilema ugaritzen jarraitzen dute, autonomia-erkidego bakoitzak garatutakoak. Beste arazo bat hiltzeko eta abortatzeko laguntza behar duten pertsona fisikoen eta beren sinesmen erlijioso eta ideologikoen arabera eragozle diren osasun-profesionalen arteko eskubideen talkari buruzkoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60237,2023-03-03,"The values that the school assumes and transmits to students, teachers, families or other institutions inevitably condition the nature and functioning of the school. The same is true of democratic schools. The ""democratic ethos"", i.e. ""democratic values"", condition all aspects of ""democratic schools"". The aim of these schools is to educate pupils to be participating citizens, and the values transmitted in these schools should follow this aim. The role of teachers in the transmission of these values is essential. In this research we will collect testimonies about the values that are worked on at school, specifically through four interviews with teachers at a school. The teachers will talk about the values to be held and transmitted to students, the strategies they use to transmit them and the factors that condition changes in values. In addition, the protagonists will talk about whether the transmission of values should be considered similar to the rest of the contents of the curriculum, the influence of society on the change of values at school, the limitations of resources they encounter in the transmission of values as teachers or the training that exists at the educational level regarding the transmission of values.","Eskolak bere egin eta ikasle, irakasle, familia edota bestelako erakundeei transmititzen dizkien baloreek eskolaren izaera eta funtzionamendua baldintzatzen dute ezinbestean. Berdin gertatzen da eskola demokratikoetan. “Ethos demokratikoak”, hau da, “balore demokratiko”-ek “eskola demokratiko”-etako alderdi guztiak baldintzatzen dituzte. Eskola hauen helburua ikasleak hiritar parte-hartzaile bizikide izateko prestatzea da, eta bertan transmititzen diren baloreek helburu hau jarraitu behar dute. Balore hauen transmisioan irakasleen rolak duen garrantzia oso handia da. Ikerketa honetan eskolan lantzen diren baloreen inguruko testigantzak jasoko dira, eskola zehatz batean lanean jarduten duten lau irakasleri egindako elkarrizketen bitartez. Irakasleek izan eta ikasleei transmititu beharreko baloreen inguruan arituko dira irakasleak, baita hauek transmititzeko erabiltzen dituzten estrategien eta balore aldaketak baldintzatzen dituzten faktoreen inguruan ere. Gainera, baloreen lanketak curriculumeko gainontzeko edukien parekoa izan behar duen, gizarteak eskolako balore-aldaketan duen zer esana, irakasle bezala baloreen transmisioan aurkitzen dituzten baliabide mugak edota hezkuntza mailan baloreen lanketaren inguruan dagoen formakuntzaren inguruan arituko dira protagonistak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67672,2024-05-07,"The BAPNE Method is a pedagogical approach that uses body percussion as a tool to improve students' attention and learning. This final degree project proposes an inclusive, innovative, active and transversal physical education didactic proposal based on the BAPNE Method to stimulate students with learning difficulties. The proposal focuses on the Primary School stage in the subject of Physical Education. The aim is to improve students' attention and learning through body percussion and music.","BAPNE metodoa ikuspegi pedagogikoa da, eta gorputz-perkusioa erabiltzen du ikasleen arreta eta ikaskuntza hobetzeko tresna gisa. Gradu amaierako lan honetan, gorputz-hezkuntza inklusibo, berritzaile, aktibo eta zeharkako proposamen didaktiko bat proposatzen da, ikasteko zailtasunak dituzten ikasleak estimulatzeko BAPNE metodoan oinarrituta. Proposamena Lehen Hezkuntzan zentratzen da, Gorputz Hezkuntza irakasgaian. Helburua ikasleen arreta eta ikaskuntza hobetzea da, gorputzaren perkusioaren eta musikaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19527,2016-11-15,"The aim of this End of Degree Dissertationis to technically describe a very common industrial process in the manufacturing sector, explaining it in a concise and clear way. This process refers to the last step of production of a piston head, which is the construction of the piston head itself. Throughout this document the materials, machines, tools and knowledge needed for the process will be described, explaining all the characteristics and technical specifications one by one. Subsequently, all the operations carried out through the process will be also described, delving technically into each of them. Additionally, the Analysis of the Alternatives, the Description of Work and the Gantt Diagram, an estimated Budget and other types of documents, that usually appear in this variety of dissertation, will also be attached. All in all, a completed and detailed description of the mechanisation process will be undertaken, which is essential for the assembling of any piston head.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua industriako sektore anitzetan jarduten den prozesu baten deskribapen teknikoa garatzeabda, modu zehatz eta argi batean azaldua. Prozesu hau automobilgintza sektorean erabiliko den pistoi baten fabrikazioan emandako azken urratsa izango da, pistoiaren mekanizazioa hain zuzen. Prozesu honetarako beharrezkoak izango diren lehengaiak, makinak, erremintak eta bestelako jakintzak banan-banan azalduko dira dokumentu honetan; bakoitzaren zehaztapen eta ezaugarriak aurkeztuz. Ondoren, prozesuan zehar garatuko diren eragiketak ere azalduko dira, bakoitzaren garapenaren azalpen zehatz bat emanez eta prozesu orri bat garatuz. Horrekin batera, Alternatiben Analisia, Lanen Deskribapena eta Gantt Diagrama, Aurrekontua eta Proiektu Estandar bat osatzen duten dokumentuak ere bai agertuko dira. Guzti honekin, prozesuren deskribapen zehatza etabsakona lortuko da, pistoiaren fabrikazioa garatzeko ezinbestekoa dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46924,2020-10-15,"This Master’s Final Project (MFP) is part of the project “EHUkhi: a platform for the development of the photovoltaic potential of the UPV/EHU”, belonging to the program Campus Bizia Lab (CBL) of the UPV/EHU. CBL aims to trigger a collaborative process between administration and services staff, students and teachers (transdisciplinary approach) in order to respond to sustainability challenges within the University itself. The EHUkhi project aims to evaluate the physical, technical and economic potential of renewable electricity generation through photovoltaic panels integrated into the buildings of the UPV/EHU Campus. With this same objective the present study is developed, in which an analysis has been carried out to calculate the potential of photovoltaic energy in the Leioa (Biscay) campus of the UPV/EHU. To carry out the study, different Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been used with maps of different typology, starting with LiDAR maps containing information on buildings and terrain orography (height, orientation, slopes…). From these, raster maps have been obtained, with which it has been worked in the GRASS GIS program, carrying out calculations related to the incident solar radiation (using the integrated solar radiation model r.sun), the production of electricity and the analysis of several energy and economic indicators. Finally, the work was done with vector maps in the QGIS program to make a treatment of the raster maps created earlier, in order to obtain the results of the analysis attributed to each building that forms the Leioa campus of the UPV/EHU. Finally, it has been considered the particular case of the Faculty of Education of Bilbao, in which is being carried out the project of CBL “Creation of interdisciplinary community towards the energy transition in the Faculty of Education of Bilbao (UPV/EHU)”. In this case, an analysis of the data of the electric consumption has been done to be able to carry out a study of hybridization of photovoltaic technology with urban wind technology, since currently there are some sensors of measurement of various parameters of the wind, with the aim of realizing a wind installation in the future.","Master Amaierako Lan (MAL) hau “EHUkhi: UPV/EHUren potentzial fotovoltaikoa garatzeko plataforma” proiektuaren parte da, EHUko Campus Bizia Lab (CBL) programaren barruan. CBLk administrazio eta zerbitzuetako langileen, ikasleen eta irakasleen arteko lankidetza prozesua bultzatu nahi du (diziplina anitzeko ikuspegia), Unibertsitatearen beraren barruan iraunkortasunaren erronkei erantzute aldera. EHUkhi proiektuaren bidez, EHUko campusetako eraikinetan integratutako panel fotovoltaikoen bidez elektrizitate sorkuntza berriztagarriaren ahalmen fisiko, tekniko eta ekonomikoa ebaluatu nahi dira. Helburu horrekin berarekin garatu da azterlan hau, non EHUren Leioako campusean energia fotovoltaikoaren potentziala kalkulatzeko azterketa bat egin baita. Azterketa egiteko, hainbat motatako mapekin lan egin da Informazio Geografikoko Sistemak (IGS/GIS) erabiliz. Hasteko, eraikinei eta lurzoruaren orografiari (altuera, orientazioa, maldak…) buruzko informazioa duten LiDAR mapak erabili dira. Horietatik abiatuta, raster mapak lortu dira, eta horiekin lan egin da GRASS GIS programan, eguzki-erradiazio erasotzaileari buruzko kalkuluak eginez (programak integratuta dakarren r.sun eguzki-erradiazio ereduaren bidez), baita sorkuntza elektrizikoa eta hainbat adierazle energetiko eta ekonomiko aztertuz ere. Azkenik, mapa bektorialekin lan egin da QGIS programan, aurrez sortutako raster mapen tratamendua egiteko, EHUren Leioako campusa osatzen duen eraikin bakoitzari dagozkion analisiaren emaitzak lortzeko. Azkenik, Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultatearen kasu berezia hartu da kontuan, non “Trantsizio energetikorantz disziplinazgaindiko komunitatearen sorkuntza Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultatean” CBL proiektua gauzatzen ari baita. Kasu honetan, kontsumo elektrikoari buruzko datuak aztertu dira, teknologia fotovoltaikoaren eta hiriko teknologia eolikoaren arteko hibridazio-azterketa egin ahal izateko; izan ere, gaur egun, haizearen hainbat parametro neurtzeko sentsore batzuk daude, etorkizunean instalazio eoliko bat egiteko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59977,2023-02-20,"This GRAL analyzes parents' attitude, involvement and satisfaction with the adaptation period, the sensations/experiences they experience, and the possible impact of COVID-19 in children’s adaptation. Also, the importance teachers attribute to the adaptation period, the time span they dedicate to it and the difficulties that may appear. For this purpose, 70 fathers and mothers completed a questionnaire and 7 teachers were interviewed. The conclusions revealed that parents express more positive attitudes/experiences when they have had the desired level of implication, that teachers consider the consequences of the COVID situation more severe than parents, and that although teachers say that the adaptation period is important, they give it only the time it marks the calendar.","GrAL honen bidez, gurasoek egokitze-aldiari buruz duten jarrera, inplikazioa eta asebetetze maila analizatu, bizi dituzten sentipenak/bizipenak ikertu eta COVID-19 egoerak haurren egokitzapenean izan duen eragin posiblea aztertzearekin batera, irakasleek egokitze-aldiari ematen dioten garrantzia, horri eskainitako tartea eta ager daitezkeen zailtasunak analizatu egin dira. Horretarako, 70 gurasok galdetegi bat bete zuten eta 7 irakasle elkarrizketatu ziren. Ateratako ondorioak gurasoek jarrera/ bizipen positiboagoak adierazten dituztela nahi beste inplikazio izan dutenean; COVID egoerak izandako ondorioak latzagotzat jotzen dituztela irakasleek gurasoek baino; eta irakasleek egokitze-aldia garrantzitsua dela esan arren, egutegiak zehaztutako denbora baino ez diotela ematen izan dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20882,2017-03-08,"This work deals with green methane generation using CO2 (a greenhouse gas that can be captured in an industry or purified from biogas) and H2 (produced from water electrolysis and excess renewable energy). Thus, the excess energy produced by e.g. wind turbines during the night that usually is not consumed can be chemically stored as methane, which can be introduced in general natural gas grid. In order to achieve this general objective and get an economically viable process an innovative methane generation process is required in order to achieve high production efficiencies. Thus, the present project is based on the use of a water sorption system inside the reactor in order to separate in-situ the produced water and therefore shift the reaction in the forward direction. The presented project shows the comparison of different acid adsorbents that could be used in the adsorption system, particularly zeolites. Based on the bibliographical research, the most suitable zeolites have been chosen and tested in a fully automatized lab scale pilot plant under different conditions. Furthermore, the yield of the absorbent’s regeneration is also studied.","Proiektu honek, zuzenean gas naturalaren sarera injekta daitekeen metanoaren produkzioa proposatzen du hidrogeno eta karbono dioxidotik abiatuta. Produkzio honi esker, alde batetik, energia berriztagarrien produkzio eta eskaera arazoak behera egingo luke, gauean egon daitekeen energia soberakina ura elektrolizatzeko erabil daitekeelako beharrezkoa den hidrogenoa produzituz. Bestalde, berotegi efektuko gasa den CO2-a atmosferara isuri beharrean, hau harrapatu eta proposatzen den metanizazio erreakzioaren bidez metano bihurtuko litzateke. Hau lortzeko, metanizatzaile berri batean lan egin da, erreakzio sistema aurreratu bat erabiliz, zehazki erreaktore barruan adsortzio sistema bat proposatzen da erreakzioan sortzen den ura erreaktorean bertan adsorbatua gera dadin metanoaren errendimendua igoz. Proiektu honetan zehar zeolita ezberdinen konparaketa egin da, hauek ura adsorbatzeko duten gaitasuna frogatua baitago. Lehenik bilaketa bibliografiko bidez eta ondoren planta pilotuan zeolita egokiena frogatu da egoera desberdinetan. Azkenik, adsorbatzailearen erregenerazioaren errendimendua ere aztertu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/49072,2020-12-15,"The TGR is constructed over a Pseudo-Riemaniann manifolod, where the torsion is assumed to vanish. However, there is not any physical argument behind it and when torsion is allowed, the spacetime in which the theory is constructed generalizes, from a $V_4$ to a $U_4$ spacetime, which carries several interesting consequences to be analyzed in this work. The most important one is the idea that the spin angular momentum acts, along with mass, as a source of gravitational interaction. In the first part of this work the TGR is formulated from an action principle. Later, the torsionless restriction is removed and the same procedure leads to slightly different field equations, in which spin is involved. Finally, requiring to curved spacetimes to posses symmetry under local Poincaré transformations, the same $U_4$ spacetime is deduced. Its implications are discussed in the end.","Erlatibitate orokorraren teoria barietate Sasi-Riemanndarrean eraikitzen da, non definizioz, tortsioa nulua den. Honek, ordea, ez du zertan hala izan, ez baitago tortsioa nulutzat hartzeko arrazoi fisikorik eta tortsioa agertzen denean, $V_4$ espazio-denboratik $U_4$ espazio-denborara igarotzen da, non lan honetan aztertzen diren hainbat ezberdinatasun nabari antzeman daitezkeen. Garrantzitsuena, beharbada, spin momentu angeluarrak grabitazio iturri bezala jokatzen duela da, masak bezalaxe. Lan honen lehen zatian espazio-denbora Sasi-Riemanndarrean akzio printzio batetatik abiatuz, Einsteinen teoria garatzen da. Ondoren, prozesu berbera jarraitzen da $U_4$ espazio-denboran, spinari lotutako eremu ekuazio berriak lortuz. Azkenik, kurbaduradun espazio-denborari Poincaré taldearekiko simetria lokala derrigortuz, $U_4$ espazio-denbora topatzen da. Honek eduki ditzakeen ondorio fisikoak eztabaidatzen dira amaieran." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16512,2015-12-18,"These feedback devices are used to improve the quality of chest compressions while performing CPR technique, as they provide real time information to guide the rescuer during resuscitation attempts. Most feedback systems on the market are based on accelerometers and additional sensors or reference signals, used for calculating the displacement of the chest from the acceleration signal. This makes them expensive and complex devices. With the aim of optimizing these feedback systems and overcoming their limitations, in this document we propose three alternative methods for calculating the depth of chest compressions. These methods differ from the ones existing so far in that they use exclusively the chest acceleration signal to compute the displacement. With their implementation, it would be possible to develop systems to provide accurate feedback more easily and economically. In this context, this document details the design and implementation of the three methods and the development of a software environment to analyze the accuracy of each of them and compare the results by means of a detailed calculation of errors. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the methods a database is required, and it can be compiled using a sensorized manikin to record the acceleration signal and the gold standard chest compression depth. The database generated will be used for other studies related to the estimation of the compression depth, because the signals obtained in the manikin platform are very similar to those recorded during a real resuscitation episode.","Bihotz-biriketako geldialdia eraginez gertatutako heriotzak murrizteko helburuarekin, egungo merkatuan dauden gailuak hobetzeko ikerketa-lan asko egin dira. Gailu hauen artean feedback sistemak aurkitzen dira. Feedback gailu hauek, BBB teknikan egindako konpresioen kalitatea hobetzeko erabiltzen dira, bizkortze-maniobran erreskatadorea gidatzen duen denbora errealeko informazioa eskaintzen baitute. Egungo merkatuan dauden feedback sistemak, azelerometro eta sentsore gehigarri edo erreferentzia seinaleetan oinarritzen dira. Sentsore gehigarri hauek, azelerazio-seinalearen bitartez bularraren sakonera kalkulatzeko beharrezkoak dira. Honek, gailu garesti eta konplexuetan bihurtzen ditu. Feedback sistemak optimizatzeko eta hauek dituzten mugei beste irtenbide batzuk aurkitzeko asmoz, dokumentu honetan konpresio-sakonera kalkulatzeko hiru metodo aurkezten dira. Metodo hauek, orain arte existitzen direnetatik desberdintzen dira, bularraren sakonera kalkulatzeko azelerazio-seinalea bakarrik erabiltzen dutelako. Feedback sistemetan inplementatuz gero, kalitate eta zehaztasun hobea eskaintzen duten gailuak lortuko lirateke, modu ekonomiko eta errazago batean. Lehen deskribatu dena oinarritzat hartuz, lan honetan, hiru metodoen diseinu eta inplementazioa zehazten da. Erroreak kalkulatzen dituen software baten garapenari esker, metodoak aztertu eta konparatu ahal izango dira. Bestalde, bularraren sakonera erreala eta azelerazio seinaleak erregistratzeko, sentsorez hornitutako maniki bat behar da. Erregistro-base finala geroko ikerlanetan erabili ahal izango da, erregistratutako seinaleak errealitatera asko hurbiltzen baitira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20221,2017-01-11,"Defibrillators are capable of storing a large amount of information from a monitored patient, from ECG signals to biometric parameters. Access to this information is important for investigation in the scope of cardio-respiratory arrest, and to analyze the performance of defibrillators, from either the technical or medical point of view. This document presents the development of both an extraction tool and a visualization tool for resuscitation episodes stored in the Osatu firm's Bexen Cardio defibrillators. The aim of the extraction tool is to convert data from the episodes to a format which will facilitate later interpretation. On the other hand, the visualization tool allows a graphical representation of the different signals which compose the episodes.","Desfibriladoreak paziente monitorizatuaren informazio kopuru handiak biltzeko gai dira, adibidez, seinale EKG-en informazioa edota parametro biometrikoak. Informazio honetara atzipena izatea garrantzitsua da hainbat ikerketetan, kardioarnasketa geldialdiaren arloan eta desfibriladoreen funtzionamenduaren azterketan, esate baterako. Ikerketa hauen bi ikuspegiak kontuan hartzen dira: ikuspegi teknikoa eta medikuntza-ikuspegia. Dokumentu honetan erauzketa erreminta baten eta berpizte gertakarien ikustarazpen erreminten garapena aurkezten da. Osatu enpresaren Bexen Cardio desfibriladoreetan biltegiratu diren datuekin lan egiten duten bi tresna. Erauzketa erramintaren helburua berpizte gertakarien datuak beste formatu batera bihurtzea da, geroagoko interpretazioa errazteko. Beste alde batetik, ikustarazte erraminta gertakariak osatzen dituzten seinale ezberdinen erakuspen grafikoa ahalbidetzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14087,2015-01-19,"This work focuses on the dialogic literary gatherings classified as successful educational actions to promote inclusion and social transformation from the school system. Contextualizing these activities within inclusive education and addressing the principles of dialogic learning, the methodology is analyzed to present a proposal for intervention in the CEP Juan Bautista Zabala. All with the goal of implementing this successful strategy and evaluate the activity from the perspective of the critical communicative methodology, that is to say, giving special importance to the opinions of the characters on the lived experience.","Lan honetan literatur solasaldi dialogikoak aztertzen dira. Solasaldi dialogikoak arrakastako praktikak dira, eta eskolatik inklusioa eta testuinguruaren eraldaketa bultzatzea dute helburu. Hezkuntza inklusiboaren testuinguruan eta ikaskuntza dialogikoaren printzipioak kontuan hartuz, praktika honen metodologia aztertuko dugu eta, horren ondoren, Juan Bautista Zabala Ikastetxean esku hartze proposamen bat ezarriko dugu. Praktika arrakastatsu hau inplementatzeko eta esperientzia ebaluatzeko metodologia komunikatibo kritikoaren ikuspegian oinarrituko gara, hau da, partaideek bizi izan duten esperientziak kontuan harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34848,2019-07-26,"This dissertation purports to analyse the effectiveness of the 'Slow Steaming' technique on merchant ships, determining its economic and environmental impact. To this effect, databases such as Scopus and WoS (Web of Science) have been consulted in order to collect the necessary bibliography to carry out the project at hand. After the research, it has been observed that slowing down could turn into a commonplace practice nowadays on vessels due to its main benefits: the reduction in fuel consumption and the lowering of CO2 and overall greenhouse gas emissions. Through the analysis of alternatives, it has been demonstrated that the 'Slow Steaming' is the most feasible sustainable alternative currently, albeit it cannot be considered a long-term application due to the main consequences it entails: the lengthening of voyage duration and the need to cover the generated lack of cargo capacity by putting more vessels into service. Therefore, it is concluded that it is a temporary action to be taken during the process of development and implementation of new 'Green Shipping' technologies.","Master amaierako lan honen bitartez, ‘Slow Steaming’-ak merkantzia-ontzietan duen eraginkortasuna aztertu nahi da, teknika honen ingurumen-eragina eta inpaktu ekonomikoa determinatuz. Horretarako, datu-baseetara jo izan da, Scopus eta WoS (Web of Science) batik bat, proiektu hau burutzeko beharrekoa den bibliografia jasotzeko helburuarekin. Ikerketaren ondoren, itsasontzien abiaduraren murrizketa gaur egun praktika arrunt batean bilakatu daitekela frogatu ahal izan da bere onura nagusiak direla medio: erregai kontsumoaren jaitsiera eta bai CO2 nahiz gainerako berotegi-efektu gas emisioen murrizpena. Hala ere, nahiz eta alternatiba desberdinen analisiaren bitartez ‘Slow Steaming’-a aukera jasangarri egingarrientzat frogatu, aukera honek ez du aplikaziorik epe luzera honek eragiten dituen ondorio nagusiak direla bide: itsas bidaien luzapena eta honek sorrarazten duen karga kapazitate hutsunea itsasontzi gehiagorekin betetzeko beharra. Horregatik, itsas-garraio jasangarriaren baitan dauden teknologia berriak garatu eta ezartzen diren bitartean aplikatu daitekeen aldi baterako neurria dela ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25017,2007,The witnesses exposed to false information after a criminal event have a lot possibilities of including it in their souvenir of the event. In this experiment it is demonstrated that actions and elements highly typical are the false contents that witnesses accept more easily. The reason of that is the use of knowledge schemes that allow extracting information when this information has not been codified or stored. The false information and the schemes favour the inclusion of false contents in the witness’ memory. The false information has effect also on the subjective experiences associated with souvenirs.,"Delitu egintza baten ondoren informazio faltsua jaso duten lekukoek, gertatutakoa oroitzapenean gordetzeko aukera asko dute. Esperimentu honetan, tipikotasun altuko akzio eta osagaiak, erraztasun osoz onartzen diren eduki faltsuak direla demostratzen da. Ezagutza eskemak erabiltzeagatik gertatzen da hau, era honetan gorde edo kodifikatu gabe dagoen informazioa atera dezakegulako. Informazio faltsuak eta eskemek lekukoaren oroitzapenean eduki faltsuen barneratzea sustatzen dute. Informazio faltsuak, oroitzapenei loturiko esperientzia subjetiboan ere badu efektua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67823,2024-05-10,"In this work, we study the magnetic field modulation of the optical response of plasmonic-spintronic metasurfaces. The responsible effect of this modulation is the Magneto-refractive effect (MRE), which accounts for the magnetic field induced modification of the electrical resistivity that translates into a change in the optical properties, making it possible to magnetically modulate the plasmon resonances from the mid-infrared to the THz regime. First, we introduce concepts relevant to this work, such as Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) and Surface Plasmons, which are resonant collective oscillations of conduction electrons that can be localized in the surface of a metallic nanoparticle or can propagate along a dielectric-metallic interface. Then, we study the MRE exhibited by GMR systems, more specifically by a Ni81Fe19/Au GMR multilayer. Finally, we present an analysis of the optical response of plasmonic metasurfaces fabricated out of the previously mentioned GMR multilayers, using the Lumerical software for the photonic simulations. We consider periodical structures such as nanoantenna- and hole-arrays, in order to demonstrate that metasurfaces made out of GMR multilayers can be utilized to develop active photonic platforms whose optical response is controlled by an external magnetic field.","Lan honetan, eremu magnetikoaren bidezko erantzun optikoaren modulazioa aztertu dugu metagainazal plasmoniko espintronikoetan. Modulazio honen eragilea Efektu Magneto-Errefraktiboa (MRE) da, eremu magnetikoak eragindako erresistentzia elektrikoaren aldaketa azaltzen duena eta honen ondoriozko propietate optikoen aldaketak azaltzen dituena. Erresonantzia plasmonikoen modulazio magnetikoa infragorri ertainetik THz erregimenara posible egiten du efektu honek. Lehenik eta behin, lan honetan funtsezkoak diren kontzeptuak aurkezten ditugu, hala nola Magneto Erresistentzia Erraldoia (GMR) eta gainazaleko plasmoiak. Gainazaleko plasmoiak eroankortasuneko elektroien talde-oszilazio erresonantziak dira, nanopartikula metalikoen gainazalean gerta daitezkeenak, edo dielektriko-metal gainazaleetan zehar heda daitezkeenak. Ondoren, GMR sistema berezietan, zehazki, GMR Ni81Fe19/Au multigeruzetan, adierazten den MREa aztertu dugu. Azkenik, lehen aipatutako multigeruzekin fabrikatutako metagainazal plasmonikoen erantzun optikoaren analisia egiten dugu, Lumerical softwarea erabiliz simulazio fotonikoak egiteko. Nanoantena- eta zulo-sareak bezalako estruktura periodikoak aztertzen ditugu, GMR multigeruzekin egindako metagainazalek plataforma fotoniko aktiboak garatzeko erabil daitezkeela, eta haien erantzun optikoa kanpoko eremu magnetikoaren bidez kontrolagarria dela erakusteko" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14031,2015-01-16,"ABSTRACT: Reading is a complicate process that the human beings have to learn along their whole life. As the first relations with the written language take place at early age, we would like to emphasize the important role that family has in the reading promotion. So, in order to analyze the effort that families from Lekeitio, that have children of ages between 3 and 5, do to encourage reading from their homes, we have carried out a research based in a questionnaire. We have obtained interesting conclusions; such as, although they are used to reading to their children at home, they don´t do a great effort to go to the library or events; besides books are not situated in the high level of the gift ranking.","EUSKARA LABURPENA: Irakurketa bizitza osoan zehar gizakiak jorratu beharko duen prozesu konplexua da. Irakurketarekiko lehen harremanak txikitatik eta familia giroan hasten direla kontuan izanik, hizkuntza idatziaren sustatze egitasmoan familiak duen ezinbesteko papera gailendu nahi izan dugu lan honetan. Horrenbestez, Lekeitioko 3-5 urte bitarteko haurren familiek etxetik irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko egiten duten ahalegina aztertzeko, galdetegi bidezko ikerketa bat egin dugu. Burututako ikerlanetik ondorio interesgarriak ateratzea lortu dugu; besteak beste, etxean gurasoek haurrekin irakurtzeko ohitura erakutsi arren, liburutegira edota ekimenetara joateko ez dutela esfortzu handiegirik egiten; edota familiek ez dutela oparien rankingeko gorengo mailan kokatzen liburua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32247,2019-03-29,"SUMMARY ENGLISH The City Council of Vitoria Gasteiz has presented a new great project to try to improve the mobility in the capital of Álava. This consists of introducing a new form of transport in Vitoria. The BRT system. A fully electric bus, with segregated road and traffic light priority. The City Council's proposal is basically to replace a current urban bus line with this new method of transportation. Of course, this would improve vitorian mobility, but it is also true that everything that could be improved with this system would not be improved. Using this system, but implementing it in another layout, the mobility would really be improved. It is true that line 2 of Vitoria´s buses, is the one that has a greater influx of travelers. But it´s main problem is that it still does not affect the new and more populated neighborhoods of Vitoria, Zabalgana and Salburua. That is why, in this project I will make an alternative proposal to the one proposed by the city council.","LABURPENA EUSKARAZ Gasteizko Udalak Arabako hiriburuan mugikortasuna hobetzeko proiektu berri bat aurkeztu dugu. Garraiobide mota Berri bat sartzean datza. BRT sistema. Erabat elektrikoa den autobusa, galtzada segregatuarekin eta zirculazio-argi lehentasunarekin. Udalaren proposamena gaur egungo hiriko autobus-linea garraiobide Berri honekin ordezkatzean oinarritzen da. Horrek Gasteizko mugikotarsun hobekuntza bat suposatuko luke; izan ere, sistema honekin hobetu ahalko litzatekeena ez litzateke hobetzen egongo. Sistema hau erabiltzean, beste trazaketa mota batean, Gasteizko mugikortasuna hobetuko litzateke. Egia da, Gazteizko bigarren autobús-linea bidaiari gehien dituena da. Hala ere, arazo Nagusia da línea honek Zabalgana eta Salburua, hiriko auzorik jendetsuenak, alde batera uzten dituela. Hori dela eta, proiektu honetan, udalak egin duenaren proposamen alternatiboa bat egingo dut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16343,2015-12-04,"This report is about the shielding design of a medical X-Ray imaging facility. More accurately, it has focused on the procedure for shielding design of a chest X-ray room. Taking as the starting point a possible dedicated chest radiographic room of a medical centre, all the guidelines to do the calculations of shielding of this case have been applied. Always with the objective to reduce the radiation dose of the medical staff and guarantee the comfort of the patients and workers. First of all, in order to know more about the subject, the context has been described, and a short review of the X-ray development in the medical field has been done. In the section of the scope all the fields covered in this project have been explained. To finish with the introduction, the benefits and the importance of the project have been written. To begin with the project the chosen chest radiographic room been introduced and corresponding shielding calculations of its barriers, doors and windows have been done. Then the economic and organisation features have been explained and for that the budget and the Gantt diagram have been done. Finally, the general conclusions about the whole project have been written.","Txosten honetan X izpiak igortzen dituen gela baten blindajearen diseinua aztertzen da. Zehatzago izanik, toraxeko erradiografiak egiten diren gela bateko kasua aztertu da. Abiapuntutzat osasun zentro bateko gela posible bat hartu da eta berorri kasu hauetan sortzen den erradiazioa murrizteko jarraibideak aplikatu zaizkio betiere langilearen eta gaixoaren ongizatea bermatzeko helburuarekin. Gaian sartzeko testuingurua idatzi da, non X izpiek historian zehar medikuntza arloan izan duten bilakaera azaltzen den. Ondoren irismena izeneko zatia dator, zeinetan proiektu honek barne hartzen dituen atalak azaltzen diren. Azkenik, sarrera amaitzeko, proiektu honek dakartzan onurak eta duen garrantzia azaltzen den zatia dator. Proiektua hasteko adibidetzat hartutako gela aurkeztu da eta jarraian bertako hormen, ateen eta leihoen blindajea diseinatu da. Ondoren proiektu honi buruzko datu ekonomikoak azaltzeko diseinu hau egiteko aurrekontua eta Gantten diagrama azaldu dira. Azkenik proiektu osoari lotutako ondorioak idatzi dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19353,2016-10-21,"This assignment is based on the idea of making a process sheet of a truck spindle. This sheet includes cutting conditions, clamping systems, and a brief sketch of the current operation, so that it is easily transportable and understandable by members of the workshop. To achieve this, a modeling work with software like CATIA V5 or AUTOCAD and carrying out a synthesis of operations to select the type of tool to be used are required.","Lan hau kamioi ardatz baten muturraren prozesu orria egitean oinarritzen da. Orri honek ebaketa baldintzak, finkapen sistemak eta uneko eragiketaren eskema txiki bat barneratzen du, tailerreko langileentzat eramangarriagoa eta ulergarriagoa izateko. Hau lortzeko asmotan modelaketa lan baten beharra dago CATIA V5 eta AUTOCAD softwarekin; azkenik, ebaketa erreminta eta ebaketa parametroen aukeraketa egokia egin behar da, erreminta katalogoaren laguntzaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57115,2022-08-02,"Local energy communities (LECs) are a new way of generating, using and managing energy at a local level through the cooperation of different agents (citizens, local administration and SMEs). More and more entities are joining this type of communities since they offer the possibility of self-generating a large part of the energy consumed by the different sectors through renewable energy installations in a clean and efficient way. Specifically, Directive 2012/27/EU, regarding energy efficiency, indicates that buildings represent 40% of the final energy consumption of the European Union, therefore these communities are a great measure for the reduction of energy consumption and the use of energy from renewable sources in the building sector are important to reduce the energy dependence of the European Union and greenhouse gas emissions. The methodology carried out in this work has been established in three main blocks with the main objective of optimizing to the maximum the percentage of self-consumption of the entities that are part of the community. Firstly, a solar photovoltaic installation has been designed and dimensioned to generate the necessary electrical energy based on the consumption of the members for subsequent self- consumption. Secondly, three measures capable of optimizing the community or communities that could be implemented in the future were analyzed. Finally, an economic evaluation of the community has been carried out with the measures selected for the community. The results obtained in this study can be differentiated into energy and economic results. From the energy point of view, the most significant achievement shows that, through a fair and efficient distribution coefficient in the present community, a self-consumption percentage of 48% has been achieved, and it has also been concluded that efficient and good quality technology for future communities can offer savings of up to 64%. From the economic point of view, the simple payback time (TRS) of the installation ranges between 1 and 3 years, without the implementation of electric storage batteries.","Energia komunitate lokalak (CEL) tokiko energia kudeatzeko, erabiltzeko eta sortzeko era berriari dagokio, agente deberdinen kooperazioaren bitartez (biztanleria, administrazio lokala edota pymes). Geroz eta erakunde gehiago biltzen dira komunitate hauetara, energia berriztagarrien instalazio deseberdinek sortzen duten energia gehiena, modu efiziente eta garbi batean, autokontsumorako zuzentzen dutelako. Zehazki, 2012/27/UE Direktibak, efizientzia energetikoari dagokiona, eraikinek Europar Batasunaren energia finalaren kontsumoaren %40-a adierazten du, eta arrazoi honengatik, komuniate hauek energia kontsumoa gutxitzeko eta edifikazio sektorean iturri berriztagarrietatik datorren energia bultzteko neurri bat da, energiaren menpekotasuna Europar Batasunean eta berotegi-efektuaren gasen igorpenak gutxitzeko. Lan honetan jarraitu den metodologia hiru bloketan finkatu da, komunitateen parte diren entitateen autokontsumoaren ehunekoa ahalik eta gehien optimizatzeko helburu nagusiarekin. Lehenik eta behin, eguzki-instalazio fotoboltaiko bat diseinatu eta dimentsionatu da, komunitateko kideen autokontsumoan oinarritu dena, ondoren autokontsumorako beharrezkoa den energia elektrikoa sortzeaz arduratuko dena. Bestetik, etorkizunean ezarri daitezkeen komunitate edo komunitateak optimizatzeko gai diren hiru neurri aztertu dira. Azkenik, komunitatearen balorazio ekonomikoa egin da komunitatearentzako aukeratutako neurriekin. Ikerketa honetan lortutako emaitzak energia eta emaitza ekonomikoetan bereiz daitezke. Energiaren ikuspuntutik, lorpen esanguratsuenak erakusten du, gaur egungo erkidegoan banaketa-koefiziente justu eta eraginkor baten bidez, %48ko autokontsumoaren ehunekoa lortu dela, eta, gainera, ondorioztatu da teknologia eraginkorra dela. Etorkizuneko erkidegoentzako kalitate onekoak %64rainoko aurrezpena eskain dezake. Ekonomiaren ikuspuntutik, instalazioaren itzulera (SRT) 1 eta 3 urte bitartekoa da, biltegiratze elektrikoko bateriarik ezarri gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16470,2015-12-15,"The aim of this project has been to quantitatively measure the distortion of the surface that has been quenched with laser and to study the residual stresses that derive from the treatment. In order to do so, the Contour method has been used, cutting the metal piece by electro-erosion. The project has been carried out in the Metalworking shop from FE Bilbao, and it has had the objective of entering the workshop’s line of research and aiming for collaboration in quenching with laser research.","Proiektu honen bidez, laser bidezko tenplaketaren ondoriozko piezen gainazalen distortsioaren neurketa kuantitatiboa eta tratamendu honegatik eratorri daitezkeen hondar tentsioen azterketa egin nahi izan da. Hauxe burutzeko hondar tentsioen neurketarako Contour metodoa erabili da, elektro-higadurako ebaketa eginez. IGET Bilboko mekanikako tailerreko ingurugiroan eta bertako langileen inbestigazio lerroetan barneratzeko helburuz, laser tenplaketa tratamenduen azterketan lagungarria izateko xedearekin aurrera eraman da proiektu hau." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36522,2019-11-27,"RESUMEN (en inglés): This project is based on the design of a wind farm located in the Navarrese town of Erro. The facilities will be made up of 17 wind turbines, which will contribute to a nominal power of 58,65 MW. Before starting with the design of the wind farm, we will proceed with the contextualization of the current situation of wind energy and with the analysis of the technology that makes possible the functioning of a wind generator. In addition, we will shortly explain the current regulation applicable to the operation of wind farms. Starting with the design of the power plant, first of all we will choose an appropriate place to install it. In order to get a place with the ideal features, some factors will be established. Continuing with this, a study of the wind resource of the chosen place will be carried out. Thanks to it, the following design of the plant will be possible. The third step is to choose the model of wind generator that will be installed in the wind farm. This choice will also depend on some factor; such as the wanted nominal power, the available space, the available wind resource, etc. Afterwards, once the exact location of each wind turbine is established, we will proceed with the calculation of the total energy produced by those devices. Thanks to that, it will be possible to know the efficiency of the facilities. To finish with the design of the wind farm, some issues related with the appropriate execution and the good functioning of the power plant will be considered. That said, the civil and electrical infrastructure necessary in the configuration of a wind farm will be detailed, just like the civil work needed in the construction and the maintenance required to guarantee a good functioning. Furthermore, the environmental requirements to be considered throughout the life cycle of the facilities will be analyzed. Finally, a study will be carried out in order to know the financial viability of the project. To do this, it will be necessary to know, on the one hand, the costs related with the initial investment and the maintenance; and on the other hand, the money inflow related with the sale of the produced energy.","RESUMEN (en euskera): Proiektu hau Nafarroako Erro herrian kokatutako parke eoliko baten diseinuan datza. Instalazioak 17 aerosorgailuz egongo dira osatuta, guztira 58,65 MW-ko potentzia nominala eskainiz. Parkearen dimentsionamenduarekin hasi aurretik, energia eolikoaren gaur egungo egoerari eta aerosorgailuen funtzionamendua posible egiten duen teknologiaren analisiari ekingo zaio. Honetaz gain, parke eolikoen ustiapena erregulatzen duen eta indarrean dagoen araudiari buruz azalpen labur bat emango da. Zentralaren diseinuari hasiera emateko, lehenbizi parkea kokatzeko leku apropos bat aukeratu beharko da. Aukeratutako kokalekuak ezaugarri optimoak izan ditzan, kontutan hartzeko zenbait faktore ezarri beharko dira. Jarraian, aukeratutako lekuaren baliabide eolikoaren analisi bat burutuko da. Haizearen ezaugarriei buruzko ikasketa honi esker, parkearen ondorengo diseinua egin ahalko da. Hirugarren urratsa, instalatuko den aerosorgailu-modeloaren aukeraketan oinarrituko da. Aukera hau ere zenbait faktorek baldintzatuko dute; besteak beste, lortu nahi den potentzia nominala, dagoen toki erabilgarria, baliabide eoliko erabilgarria, etab. Diseinuarekin jarraituz, behin aerosorgailuen kokaleku zehatzak erabakita daudela, aparatu horiek sortutako energiaren kalkuluari ekingo zaio. Honi esker, instalazioen efizientzia ezagutu ahalko da. Diseinuarekin amaitzeko, exekuzio-obren egokitasunarekin eta parkearen funtzionamendu onarekin lotutako zenbait gai jorratuko dira. Hau esanda, zentral eolikoaren konfigurazioan beharrezkoak diren azpiegitura zibila eta elektrikoa zehaztuko dira, eraikuntzarako beharrezkoa den obra zibilarekin eta funtzionamendu egokia ziurtatzeko mantentze-lanekin batera. Gainera, instalazioen bizitza erabilgarrian zehar kontutan izan beharreko ingurumen-baldintzak aztertuko dira. Amaitzeko, proiektuaren bideragarritasun ekonomikoa ezagutzeko analisia burutuko da. Hori posiblea izateko, alde batetik, hasierako inbertsioari eta mantentze-lanei lotutako gastuak ezagutu beharko dira; eta bestetik, energiaren salmentari esker emango diren diru-sarrerak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71409,2024-07-01,"The Palestinian people have been victims of the Israeli military offensive for the past 75 years, but since October 2023 this ethnic cleansing has now evolved into a widespread genocide. This paper will try to demonstrate that what the Israeli soldiers are doing in the Gaza Strip is nothing but a textbook example of genocide. First, it will shortly address the historical background of the two most important courts internationally, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) and the International Criminal Court (ICC). After that, the procedural analysis of both judiciary bodies will give insight into how each of them functions, and more importantly, which barriers and obstacles Palestine faces before them. Finally, the last sections of the paper will support the position that there is a genocide taking place in Gaza, concluding with critical reflexions about the current scene and the role of the international community.","Palestinako herria Israelen ofentsiba militarraren biktima izan da azken 75 urteetan, baina garbiketa etniko hau genozidio bilakatu da 2023ko urriaz geroztik. Lan honen helburua soldadu israeldarrak Gazako Zerrendan burutzen ari direna genozidioaren adibide argi bat dela frogatzea da. Lehenik eta behin, nazioarteko bi auzitegi garrantzitsuenen aurrekari historikoak aztertuko dira labur: Nazioarteko Justizia Auzitegia eta Nazioarteko Zigor Auzitegia. Ondoren, bi organo judizialen azterketa prozesalak horietako bakoitzak nola funtzionatzen duen ulertzea ahalbidetuko du eta, are garrantzitsuagoa dena, Palestinak hauen aurrean zein oztopo eta oztopori aurre egin behar dien. Azkenik, amaierako atalek Gazan genozidioa gertatzen ari dela babesteko beharrezkoa den ebidentzia aurkezten dute, nazioarteko komunitatearen zereginaren eta egungo egoeraren hausnarketa kritikoekin amaituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20877,2017-03-07,"Phenomenons such as climate change, fossils fuels exhaustion and the high demand of the energy sector lead to the investigation of different processes for the simplification of these issues. Among the different solutions one of the most promising alternatives is the methanization. This choice might be factible for the reduction of the greenhouse effect or its use for the generation of electricity. The assurance of using CO2 emitted in industrial applications and hydrogen produced in a sustainable way from electrical surplus of renewable sources makes this process environmentally attractive. This green methane can be used in any kind of activity that requires its use, being a renewable and sustainable source. The use of advanced catalytic systems such as monolithics can make this process be more successful by making the process cost cheaper, it is for that reason that in this work the influence of these advanced catalytic systems is going to be studied with the purpose of producing green methane.","Klima-aldaketa, erregai fosilak agortzea eta sektore elektrikoaren eskaera altua arazo larriak dira. Arazo horiei aurre egiteko irtenbide ezberdinak ikasten ari dira. Horien artean, metanizazioa aukera bat da, aukera hau bideragarria izan daiteke berotegi-efektu gasak gutxitzeko edota energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzarako. Industria aplikazioek isurtzen dituzten CO2 erabiltzea segurtaraziz eta energia-iturri berriztagarritik sortzen den hidrogenoa erabiliz, prozesu hau ingurumenerako erakargarria da. Metano honek bere erabilera behar duen edozein jarduetaran erabili daiteke, iturri berriztagarria eta iraunkorra izanez. Erreakzio sistema katalitiko aurreratuak erabiliz monolitok bezala, prozesu hau eraginkorra izan daiteke proiektuaren prezioa jaisteko. Hori dela eta, biometano sortzeko helburuarekin proiektua honetan sistema katalitikoa aurreratuen eragina ikertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29460,2018-10-31,"The purpose of this work is to develop, at both the level of design and implantation, the necessary strategies for the maximization of the sales of a parapharmacy, located in Indautxu, a social and economically relevant neighborhood of Bilbao. To make this work, the most well-known tools in the last decades, like PESTEL analysis, Five Forces of Porter or Marketing Mix are used because of their efficiency making a marketing plan. In this way, to determine strategies with precision and accuracy to achieve the proposed objectives will be possible by the positioning against competitors, market segmentation and customer´s loyalty.","Lan honen xedea, salmenten maximizazioa lortu ahal izateko beharrezko estrategiak garatzea da, bai diseinu bai ezarpen mailan, Bilboko ekonomiko zein sozialki nabarmena den Indautxu auzoan finkaturik dagoen parafarmazia batean. Horretarako, azken hamarkadetako tresnarik ezagunenak erabiltzen dira; hala nola, PESTEL analisia, Porterren Bost Indarrak edo Marketin Mix-a, marketin plana gauzatzean beren efizientzia dela eta. Era honetan, zehaztasun eta doitasunez erabaki ahal izango dira proposatutako helburuak lortzeko estrategiak horretarako lehiakideekiko posizionamendua, merkatuaren segmentazioa zein bezeroen fidelizazioa erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19489,2016-11-07,"The objective of this report is to present the reader a project based on the study of deburring of superalloys. In aeronautical applications, nickel-based superalloys are widely used for the manufacture of low pressure turbines. These alloys can withstand high temperatures without losing their mechanical properties, but are also hard to mechanize. This project is focused in an optimum removal of the burrs so as to avoid premature faults in these pieces. The project consists in several tests on simulated burrs that will be later analyzed. This data will enable us to obtain the best parameters for deburring operations when working with this kind of materials.","Txosten honek superaleazioetan bizar-kentze metodo baten ikerketan oinarritutako proiektua irakurleari aurkeztea du helburu. Aplikazio aeronautikoetan, nikel superaleazioak presio baxuko turbinen fabrikaziorako erabili ohi dira. Aleazio hauetako ezaugarri garrantzitsuena propietate mekanikoak galdu gabe tenperatura altuak jasateko ahalmena da. Hala ere, mekanizagarritasun apala erakusten dute. Proiektu hau huts goiztiarrak saihesteko rebaba edo bizar hauen ezabapen egokian zentratuta dago. Rebaba simulatuekin egingo dira hainbat saiakera, geroago analizatuko direnak. Lortutako datuek material mota hauetan bizar-kentze operazioak lantzean parametrorik onenak ezagutzea ahalbidetuko dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29403,2018-10-30,"Nowadays, the use of monitoring systems is widespread throughout the entire world. The growth of IoT technologies, means that many devices that use sensors are connected to the Internet, updating data at all times and allowing remote control and monitoring. In this project, we want to use devices based on open hardware, to monitor and measure certain environmental factors, making the most out of what IoT technologies have to offer. Open hardware offers many advantages over other technologies, being its low cost and flexibility of design at the top of them. Other aspect of open hardware will be examined later. Thus, the objective of this project is to create a monitoring system capable of measuring the environmental factors of a small garden that is located in the university. The factors to be measured will be the temperature, the humidity of the air, the soil moisture, the ultraviolet radiation and the amount of light (clarity) received. This monitoring system will have a central board that will be in charge of controlling all the processes that are carried out. This board, as mentioned above, will be based on open hardware, so the first task will be to complete a state of the art study on different boards of said type, in order to find the best for this project. After this, it will be necessary to choose the sensors that are compatible with the board, taking into account its characteristics and functionalities. Another point that will be analyzed in the project will be the system that has to be implemented to store the data, since this process will be of great importance when it comes to collecting the saved data and analyzing it. Finally, we want to provide the monitoring system with an Internet connection, in order to connect it to an IoT platform and implement remote control and monitoring of the data. Nowadays, a system of this type that does not include IoT capabilities would be obsolete. Moreover, it will greatly increase the development of future improvements done to the system. Therefore, in the following parts of the document, the steps followed to implement these functionalities and complete the project will be explained.","Gaur egun, monitorizazio sistemen erabilera oso zabalduta dago munduan zehar. IoT teknologiaren hazkuntzak, sentsorez osatutako gailu asko Internetera konektatuta egotea eragiten du, uneoro datuak eguneratuz eta datu horien urrutiko kontrola ahalbidetuz. Proiektu honetan, monitorizazio sistemen eta IoT aparatuen ideia aplikatu nahi da ingurumen faktore batzuen neurketa egiteko, baina soilik hardware librean oinarritzen diren gailuak erabiliz. Hardware libreak geroago azalduko diren hainbat abantaila ematen dizkio proiektuari, aipagarrienak kostu baxua eta diseinua nahi den erara moldatzeko erraztasuna izanik. Hortaz, proiektu honen helburua unibertsitatean kokatutako ortu txiki bateko ingurumen faktoreak neurtzeko monitorizazio sistema garatzea izango da. Ingurumen faktore horiek tenperatura, aireko hezetasuna, lurreko hezetasuna, erradiazio ultrabioleta eta argitasuna izango dira. Monitorizazio sistema honek sistema osoa kontrolatuko duen plaka zentral bat izango du. Plaka hau, esan bezala, hardware librean oinarrituta egongo da, beraz aukeraketa zuzena egiteko lehenengo eta behin merkatuan aurkitu daitezkeen plaka mota askoren analisia egin beharko da, azkenean proiektuaren beharrizanetara hoberen moldatzen dena aurkitu ahal izateko. Ondoren, plakarekin bateragarriak diren sentsoreak aukeratu beharko dira, kontuan hartuz beraien ezaugarriak eta funtzionalitateak. Proiektuan aztertuko den beste puntu bat datuak gordetzeko inplementatuko den sistema izango da, izan ere, garratzi handia izango du datuak gordetzeko erabiltzen den erak, behin datuak jasota daudenean eurak analizatzeko erraztasunean eragingo baitu. Azkenik, monitorizazio sistemari Interneterako konexioa eman nahi zaio, honela IoT plataforma batera konektatu ahal izateko eta datuen urrutiko bistaraketa zein kontrola ahalbidetzeko. Izan ere, gaur egun IoT funtzionalitaterik ahalbidetzen ez duen honelako sistema bat zaharkitua geratuko litzateke berehala, eta gainera, etorkizunean sistema gehiago garatu nahi izango balitz, teknologia hau edukitzea lagungarria izango litzateke. Beraz, hurrengo ataletan proiektua burutu eta funtzionalitate hauek guztiak inplementatzeko eman diren pausuak azalduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63114,2023-06-09,"Euthanasia is a medical practice that aims to end a person's life with the aim of avoiding suffering. It is a method that arouses many conflicting opinions and emotions, on a personal, social, legal, political and religious level. As the basis for this final degree project, a comparative analysis on how different countries deal with the legal regulation of this issue has been made. Nevertheless, prior to this, an investigation on its history has been made. Moreover, the different types of euthanasia that are there and the variety of the concept has been explained. To finish a small investigation has been carried out into the degree of acceptability of euthanasia at a European level and the variants that affect its acceptance or rejection.","Eutanasia medikuntza-praktika bat da, eta pertsona baten bizitza amaitzea du helburu, haren sufrimendua saihesteko. Iritzi eta emozio ugari sorrarazten dituen metodoa da, maila pertsonalean, sozialean, legalean, politikoan eta erlijiosoan. Lan honen oinarri gisa, hainbat herrialdek gai honen erregulazioari aurre egiteko dituzten moduak konparatu dira. Hala ere, horren aurretik, haren historia, kontzeptuaren aniztasuna, eutanasiamotak ikertu dira, eta ikerketa txiki bat egin da euthanasiak Europan duen onargarritasun-mailari buruz eta hura onartzeari edo baztertzeari eragiten dioten aldaerei buruz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16180,2015-11-24,"Due to the limitations associated with fossil fuels it is necessary to promote energy sources that are renewable as well as eco-friendly, such as biogas generated in anaerobic digesters. The biogas, composed principally of methane and CO2, is the result of the biodegradation of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. Its use as fuel is limited by the presence of minority compounds such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S); therefore, its pre-treatment is necessary. Currently there are various technologies for the removal of H2S from a gas stream, but most of them are based on physic-chemical treatments which have a number of drawbacks as reactive consumption, generation of secondary flows, etc. Biofiltration has been used as an efficient and low cost alternative to conventional purification processes, and excellent results for the degradation of H2S have been obtained. However process can be limited due to the progressive ageing of the support material, along with the loss of nutrients and other specific characteristics necessary for the good development of biomass. The purpose of this project is to develop a mixed support consisting of a mixture of an organic material and an inorganic support for its application in the removal of the H2S from biogas. This support material helps to optimize the characteristics of the bed and extend its lifespan. The development of such material will contribute to the implementation of biofiltration for treating biogas from anaerobic digesters for its use as biofuel. The inorganic material used is electric arc furnace (EAF) black slag, a by-product generated in large quantities in the production of steel in the Basque Country. Although traditionally the slag has been used in civil engineering, its physicochemical characteristics make it suitable for reuse as a filter medium in biofiltration. The main conclusion drawn from the experimental results is that EAF black slag is a suitable co-packing material in organic biofilters treating H2S-polluted gaseous streams. High pollutant removal rates have been achieved during the whole experimental period. The removal capacity recorded in biofilters with less inorganic material was higher than in those with higher slag portion. Nevertheless, all the biofilters have shown a satisfactory response even at high inlet loads (48 g·m-3·h-1), where the RE has not decreased over 82%.","Erregai fosilek dakarten mugak direla eta, beharrezkoa da izaera energetiko berriztagarri eta, aldi berean, ingurugiroarekiko errespetuzkoak diren energi iturri berriak garatzea; honen adibide bat digestore anaerobietan garatutako biogasaren erabilera da. Biogasa, gehien bat metanoz eta CO2 osatua, baldintza anaerobiotan burutako materia organikoaren biodegradazioaren ondorioz sortzen da. Biogasaren erabilera erregai bezala mugatua da, hidrogeno sulfuroa sortzen baita tartean. Badira zenbait teknologia hidrogeno sulfuroa gas korronte batetik ezabatzea ahalbidetzen dutenak; hala ere, gehiengoek oinarri kimikoa dutenez zenbait eragozpen ekar ditzakete, erreaktiboen kontsumoa edo korronte sekundarioen sorkuntza, besteak beste. Bioirgazketa, efizientzia altua eta kostu murriztua duena, prozesu konbentzionalen ordezko bezala aurkeztu da, H2S ren degradazioan izandako emaitza egokiengaitik. Hala ere, errendimendu altua izateko kontuan hartu beharreko zenbait muga azal daitezke, euskarriaren higadura eta biomasa ondo garatzeko zenbait propietateen galera kasu. Lanaren helburu nagusia euskarri organiko eta inorganikoen arteko konbinazioz lortutako euskarri bat garatzea da. Aipatutako nahasketa, ohantzearen propietateak hobetu eta honen erabilpena luzatzeaz gain, biogasak daukan H2S degradatzeko gai izan behar da. Bi material desberdinen konbinazioaz sortutako material honen erabilpena, bioiragazketa digestore anaerobioetna sortutako biogasa erregai bezala erabiltzeko tratamendu bezala indartzen du. Erabilitako material inorganikoa labe elektrikoko zepa beltza izan da, Euskadin altzairuaren industrian kantitate handietan sortutako hondakina dena. Luzaroan obra zibiletan erabili bada ere, dituen ezaugarri bereizgarriak direla eta, azken aldian materialaren bererabilera iragazki gisa bioiragazketan bideratu ahalbidetu da. Lortutako emaitzek zepa beltzen berabilpena euskarri bezala bioiragazketan indartzen dute, izan ere, H2S deuseztazeko efikatzia altuak lortu baitira. Nahiz eta, euskarri organiko gehien duten biofiltroen emaitzak hobeak izan, zepa proportzio altuetan duten biofiltroen erantzuna kutsatzailearekiko ona izan da. Izan ere, biofiltro hauen eliminazio efikatzia ez da 82% gehitsi, karga masiko altuetan (48 g·m-3·h-1) erabilita ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52125,2021-06-30,"The intensity corresponding to the Maximal Lactate Steady State (MLSS) is defined as the highest workload that can be performed over a long period of time without a continuous accumulation of blood lactate concentration. The aim of this study was to make a comparison between trained and untrained male subjects of physiological responses during exercise performed at the intensity corresponding to the MLSS in cycle ergometer. MLSS intensity (MLSSint), blood lactate concentration, heart rate, body temperature and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE) were measured in 16 trained cyclists or triathletes and in 16 physically active people but untrained in endurance cycling. The heart rate and RPE values corresponding to MLSSint were similar between the two groups. The trained group showed higher absolute MLSSint and MLSSint expressed as a percentage of the Maximum Aerobic Power (MLSS%MAP), and lower values of MLSS and blood glucose, compared with the untrained group. MLSSint correlated positively with MLSS%MAP and the age correlated inversely with the HR at MLSS. It would be interesting to analyse more deeply the effects of these variables in the endurance capacity of trained and untrained people.","Laktatoaren egoera egonkor gorena (MLSS) lan-karga konstante eta jarrai batean igoera bat izan gabe mantendu daitekeen odol laktato kontzentrazio gorena da. Ikerketa honen helburua, gizon entrenatu eta ez entrenatuen artean zikloergometroko odol laktato kontzentrazio egonkorreko testean dauden ezberdintasun fisiologikoak ikertzea izan zen. Txirrinduan entrenatuta zeuden 16 kirolariri eta txirrinduan entrenatuta ez zeuden, baina fisikoki aktiboak ziren, 16 pertsonei MLSS-ari zegokion intentsitatea (MLSSint), laktato kontzentrazioa, bihotz maiztasuna (BM), gorputz tenperatura eta esfortzu eskala subjektiboa (RPE) neurtu zitzaien. Emaitzei dagokienez, talde entrenatuko eta ez entrenatuko partaideek MLSS-ari zegokion BM eta RPE balore antzekoak lortu zituzten. Beste alde batetik, talde entrenatuak MLSSint eta potentzia aerobiko maximoaren ehunekoetan adierazitako MLSS-aren (MLSS%MAP) balore handiagoak izan zituen, eta MLSS eta amaierako gluzemia balore baxuagoak. MLSSint-ak eta MLSS%MAP-ak korrelazio positiboa izan zuten. Azkenik, adinak eta MLSS-ari dagokion BM-ak alderantzizko korrelazioa izan zuten. Garrantzitsua izango litzateke aldagai hauek pertsonen erresistentzia mailan duten eragina sakontasun handiagoarekin aztertzea etorkizuneko ikerketetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72681,2025-02-13,"The final grade work presented below consists of the sustainable remodeling of a building intended for storage. In order to continue the renovation and sustainable use of the building without demolishing it, a calculation of the construction shall be made since the building is included in the State of Service Limit established by the Technical Code of the Building as a result of a modification of the structure made in the past. In addition, the current agricultural warehouse will be converted into a climbing centre where a gym, locker room or bar will be located. The existing 9-portico building is located in the municipality of Maruri-Jatabe (Bizkaia) and has dimensions of 35mx13m. For the calculation of structures, the CYPE calculus program has been used, specifically the ""Generador de pórticos"" and ""CYPE 3D"" tools. The AutoCad program has been used to complete the plans.","Jarraian aurkeztutako gradu amaierako lana nekazal biltegiratzera bideratutako eraikin baten birmoldatze jasangarrian datza. Iraganean egindako egitura aldakuntza baten ondorioz Eraikuntzaren kode Teknikoak ezarritako Zerbitzu Muga Egoeran sartutako eraikuntzaren kalkulua egingo da, eraikuntza eraitsi barik modu jasangarrian berriztu eta erabiltzen jarraitzeko. Gainera, gaur eguneko nekazal biltegia eskalada zentro batean bihurtuko da, non gimnasio, aldagela edota taberna bat kokatuko diran. Existitzen dan 9 portikodun eraikuntza hau Maruri-Jatabeko udalerrian kokatuta dago (Bizkaia) eta 35mx13m-ko dimentsioak daukaz. Egituren kalkulua aurrera eramateko CYPE kalkulu programa erabili da, “Generador de pórticos” eta “CYPE 3D” tresnak zehazki. Planoak osotzeko aldiz AutoCad programa erabili da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36691,2019-12-04,"Summary (English) Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries. There are several key factors to survive an OHCA event, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation, early defibrillation and the overall quality of treatment given by the Emergency Medical System. The patient's heart can present up to five different types of rhythms. Since each clinical condition requires a different treatment, a fast and precise identification of the patient's rhythm/status is crucial for the medical staff. Therefore, there are numerous studies that focus on the understanding of these pathologies, using electrocardiogram signals (ECG) recorded during OHCA events. These recordings must be manually annotated by a group of clinical experts. Because the high costs associated to manual annotation, there is a lack of properly characterized and annotated databases. In order to facilitate access to correctly annotated data collections, there are semiautomatic annotation algorithms. These algorithms identify with high accuracy the pathologies present in different time intervals of the ECG signal. In this way, clinical experts would focus on reviewing the algorithm's decisions, saving time and money. All these considerations make annotation algorithms a key factor to develop studies on OHCA, improving the quality of the treatment performed and the probability of patient survival. In this work, four classifiers of OHCA rhythms are presented. For their development, first a collection of OHCA episodes is prepared, in order to train the algorithms. The first classifier extracts information only from the ECG signal. The second one, adds the information present in the patient's transthoracic impedance. Then, a third classifier is developed using Deep Learning techniques, since it has recently demonstrated its potential in this field. After that, a fourth classifier is made optimizing the previous model. Lastly, the results are analysed and the performance of the different proposed solutions is compared.","Laburpena (Euskara) Hospitalez kanpoko bihotz geldiketa (HKBG) mundo garatuko heriotza kausa handienetariko bat dira. Geldiketa bat ematen denean zenbait gertakari gako dira pazientearen biziraupenerako, adibidez bihotz biriketako masajea, desfibrilazio goiztiarra edota emergentzia zerbitzuek emandako tratamendua. Pazientearen bihotzak bost erritmo desberdin aurkez ditzazke HKGB batean. Egoera kliniko bakoitzak tratamendu desberdina behar duenez, pazientearen erritmoa/egoera goiz eta zehatz detektatzea oso garrantzitsua da. Ondorioz, lan asko egin dira patologia horiek ulertzeko eta identifikatzeko, orokorrean pazientearen grabatutako elektrokardiograma (EKG) erabiliz. Grabaketa horietan aditu klinikoek erritmoa identifikatu eta anotatu behar dute. Azken hau kostu handiko lana da, eta ondorioz oso HKBG datubase gutxi dago erritmo anotazio egokiekin. Erritmo anotazioak dituzten HKGB datubaseak sortzeko badira erritmoa modu erdiautomatikoan anotatzeko algoritmoak. Algoritmo hauek modu nahiko zehatzean identifika dezaketa HKGB pazientearen erritmo/egoera, horretarako grabatutako EKG erabiliz. Horrela aditu klinikoek emandako diagnostikoa baino ez dute berrikusi behar, denbora eta kostuak aurreztuz. Horregatik anotaziorako algoritmoek HKGBaren inguruko ikerkuntza errazteu eta hobetuko lituzkete, emandako tratamendua hobetuz, eta pazienteen biziraupen aukerak handituz. Lan honetan lau algoritmo garatu dira HKGB erritmoak modu automatikoan sailkatzeko. Algoritmoak garatzeko lehendabizi HKGB kasuen datubase bat prestatu da, algoritmoak entrenatzeko. Lehen sailkatzailea EKG-tik soilik lortzen du informazioa. Bigarrenak bular inpedantziako informazioa ere erabiltzen du. Gero, ikasketa sakonean oinarritutako sailkatzailea garatu da, esparru honetan teknika hauek oso emaitza onak eman izan baitituzte. Azkenik laugarren sailkatzailea aurrekoaren bertsio hobetua da. Bukatzeko, emaitzak aztertu eta sailkatzaileen errendimenduak alderatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19326,2016-10-18,"The aim of this project is to get to know the differences between two mechanical surface treatments known as “Shot Peening” and “Low Plasticity Burnishing”. Both of them are surface treatments that imply the appearance of compressive residual stresses in machine elements, that improve their fatigue life. The way to study the differences between the processes will be accomplished based on the Basquin curve and analyzing the obtained results. Besides, an statistical analysis will be carried out, checking the effect of the use of more or less testing tubes for each case. The statistical analysis will be performed using Microsoft Excel, by adding or erasing values from the calculated ones during the tests.","Proiektu honen helburua bi gainazal tratamendu mekanikoen artean dauden ezberdintasunak ulertzea da, hauek Shot Peening-a eta Low Plasticity Burnish-a izanda. Biek makinen osagaietan tentsio residualak agertzea eragiten dute, honekin haien neke bizitza hobetzen. Prozesuen artean dauden diferentziak ikertzeko, Basquin-eko kurbaren bitartez egingo da, emaitzak konparatuz. Gainera, analisi estatistiko bat egingo da, probeta gehiago edo gutxiago erabiltzea zein eragina duen ikertuz. Horretarako eta Excel erabiliz, log-normal eta Weibull diagramen joera frogatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24850,2018-02-05,"The following work is based on the study of Consumer to Consumer (C2C) of electronic commerce, being the key of the analysis the the growing importance of business line for collaborative economy. Therefore, identification, behavior and participation of the consumer in this context and the identification of distinctive factors are carried out. For the analysis of the main cause begins by situating the environment of electronic commerce. Leveraging research and scientific articles as starting point, we mention the buying decision process, customer participation and behavior patterns, explaining the most important aspects of each of them and showing the impact on consumer behavior. To identify which is today´s reality mentioned in the theoretical framework a practical study is carried out to understand the authenticity of the contributions.","Ondorengo lana, Consumer to Consumer (C2C) merkataritza elektronikoaren azterketa burutzean oinarritua dago, analisiaren gakoa hazkundean aurkitzen den ekonomia kolaboratzailearen negozio-lerroa izanik. Hortaz, testuinguru honetako kontsumitzailearen profilaren identifikazioa, portaera eta parte hartzea aztertu eta faktore bereizgarrien identifikazioa aurrera eramaten da. Eragile nagusiaren azterketarako, merkataritza elektronikoaren ingurunea kokatzetik hasiko da. Ikerketa eta artikulu zientifikoez baliatuz, erosketaren erabaki prozesua, Customer Engagement eta portaera ereduak aipatzen dira, bakoitzaren arlo garrantzitsuen azalpenak emanez eta kontsumitzailearen jarreran duten eragina adieraziz. Marko teorikoan adierazitako errealitatea gaur egun zein den identifikatzeko, ikerketa praktiko bat burutu da, ekarpenen egiazkotasuna ulertzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14362,2015-02-06,"The main objective of this work is to analyse the different solutions suggested for the design of mixed-model lines. This kind of line has not been deeply studied, in spite of the several advantages they provide compared to simple lines, which have been more investigated by far. In order to facilitate the understanding of their design, an analysis of the characteristics of mixed-model lines is done prior to their study. Subsequently, it is introduced a methodology created by Lluis Cuatrecasas (President of the Lean Management Institute of Spain). This methodology tends to overcome the gap that exists between academic studies´ solutions and business necessities. Finally, the methodology is shown with a practical case and its strengths and weaknesses are evaluated.","Fabrikazio lerro mistoen diseinurako dauden soluzio ezberdinak aztertzea da lan honen helburua. Asko dira lerro hauek aurkezten dituzten aukerak eta abantailak lerro sinpleenekoekin alderatuta, baina, hala ere, adituek ez dute haien diseinu zailetan gehiegi sakondu. Diseinu horien ulerpena errazteko, eta haien ikasketa baino lehen, lerro mistoen ezaugarrien analisia egiten da. Ondoren, Lluis Cuatrecasas-ek (Espainiako Lean Management Institutuaren lehendakaria) garatutako metodologia aurkezten da, bere ustez lerro hauen diseinu teorikoek proposatzen dituzten ebazpenen eta enpresek dauzkaten beharrizanen arteko desadostasunak murrizteko. Amaitzeko, kasu praktiko baten bidez metodologia erakusten da, bere alderdi onak eta txarrak ebaluatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37103,2019-12-19,"The purpose of this work is the development of a Softwarein the Loop (SiL) simulationof the automatic warehouse station of the FMS-200 assembling cell.Simulations are part of the Industry 4.0, and are increasingly common throughout all the industries, due to the significant cut they can bring to the costs. In this project, simulations’ strengths and weaknesses,and the opportunities they provide will be analyzed, and the development of an example demonstrator will be explained.As demonstrator of this technology, the warehouse station of the FMS-200 assembling cell has been chosen, and detailed explanation of the steps towards a good digital twin will be given.","Lan honetan FMS-200 muntaia-zelularen biltegi estazioaren “Software in the Loop” (SiL)simulazioa egiten da. Simulazioak, 4.0 Industriaren esparruan aurki dezakegu eta gero eta gehiago erabiltzen dira industriaren arlo guztietan, kostu aurrezpen handia ahalbideratzen dutelako. Proiektu honetan simulazioaren aukerak, abantailak eta eragozpenak aztertzen dira, eta adibide baten garapena azaltzen da. FMS-200 muntaia-zelularen biltegi estazioa erabiltzen da teknologia hau adierazteko eta kide digital on bat lortzeko urratsak zehazten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25563,1995,"After a historical analysis about penal justice system facing young offenders, it is explained the legal system of childhood protecftion i nFrance through the modes and standards of judicial intervention.","Adin-txikiko legehauslearen aurrean sistema penalari buruzko analisi historiko bat egin ondoren, parte hartze judizialaren modu eta irizpideen bidez Frantzian haurtzaroaren babesaren legezko sistema azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25631,1993,"The demystificalion of the demonizatíon of drug consumption is followed by several considerations on its effects. Although the primary negative effects of consumption constitute the legitimate reason for a preventive policy, the secondary effects lead to a diffuse and discriminatory criminalization","Droga kontsumoaren demonizazioa desmitifikatzen hasten da eta hortik deribatzen da ondoko ondorioak kriminalizazio indiskriminatu batetara abiatzen direla, kontsumoaren oinarrizko ondorio negatiboak badaezpadako polilika baten legezko arrazoía izan arren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17673,2016-03-16,"Non-academic self-concept is considered one of the fundamental bases of the development of a person. With the purpose of making any modification on it, there have been designed and put into practice some activities aimed at boys and girls from the third grade of Primary Education. The boys and girls of this age, are in the middle of the development of their personality and fundamentally of their self-concept. Therefore, through one pretest and postest designed “ad hoc”, it has been evaluated if these activities have produced the expected changes.","Autoezagutza ez akademikoa pertsonaren garapenaren pilare funtsezkoenetariko bat kontsideratzen da. Aldaketaren bat eragiteko asmoz, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako neska eta mutilei zuzenduta dauden ekintza batzuk diseinatu eta praktikan jarri dira. Adin honetako neska eta mutilak, haien nortasuna eta batez ere autoezagutzaren garapenaren erdian aurkitzen dira. Horregatik, “ad hoc” diseinatu diren pretest eta postest baten bitartez, ekintza hauek espero ziren aldaketak sorrarazi dituzten ebaluatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55361,2022,"Research on marine energy has matured during the last decade and many effective applications of this technology are now successfully deployed. This International Workshop on Wind (and) Marine Energy (WWME) provides a forum to present and discuss the latest scientific developments and their current applications, to assess the impact of these new renewable energies and to facilitate technology transfer.","Itsas energiaren inguruko ikerkuntzak heldutasun maila lortu du azken hamarkadan eta une honetan garapen fase esperantzagarrian dago. Haize (eta) Itsas Energiari buruzko nazioarteko jardunaldi honek, WWMEk, arlo honen azken garapen zientifiko eta horien aplikazioak aurkezteko eta amankomunean jartzeko eztabaidagunea eskaintzen du, non energia berriztagarrien ikuspuntu berrien eragina azter daitekeen eta teknologia trukaketa erraz daitekeen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72729,2025-02-13,"This Final Degree Project focuses on developing a digital twin that simulates the operation of a cookie packaging machine. It was created using Siemens NX-MCD for physical modeling, TIA Portal for designing the PLC control program, and PLCSIM Advanced for virtual commissioning. On a personal and professional level, the challenge was to integrate diverse knowledge, technologies, and components in a coordinated manner within a project aimed at achieving industrial applications. A precise digital twin has been created, and a control program for the PLC has been designed to control the digital twin through a virtual PLC, thus reducing the need for physical hardware. Virtual commissioning with Software in the Loop (SiL) stands out as a key aspect, allowing simulations to be performed using only a computer. All the set objectives have been achieved. The project demonstrates the great utility of digital twins in reducing the risks and costs associated with prototype creation and testing. This digital twin has the potential to be used in the industry, both for worker training and the design of new packaging machines.","GRAL honen helburua gailetak paketatzeko makina baten funtzionamendua simulatzen duen biki digital bat garatzea da. Hau lortzeko Siemens NX-MCD modelaketa fisikorako, TIA Portal PLCaren kontrol programa diseinatzeko eta PLCSIM Advanced bikia martxan jartzeko erabili dira. Hain desberdinak diren ezagutzak, teknologiak eta osagaiak modu koordinatuan erabiltzea, maila pertsonalean eta profesionalean, gainditu beharreko erronka bat izan da. Honen azken helburua proiektuaren erabilgarritasun industriala izanik. Biki digital zehatz bat sortu da eta PLC birtual baten bidez biki digitala kontrolatzen duen kontrol programa diseinatu da, hardware fisikoaren beharra murriztuz. Gainera, Software in the Loop (SiL) erabiliz simulazioak bakarrik ordenagailu batekin egin daitezke. Hasieran proposatutako helburu guztiak lortu dira. Prototipoak eta probak sortzearekin lotutako arriskuak eta kostuak murrizten direlako, proiektuak biki digitalen erabilgarritasun handia erakusten du. Biki digital honek industrian erabiltzeko gaitasuna du, bai langileak prestatzeko, bai paketatzeko makina berriak diseinatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14705,2015-03-04,"The main objective of this document is to obtain the energetic rate of the house that is being studied. Afterwards, different options to improve the energetic efficiency are analyzed, choosing the option which increases the rate into 2 letters, where A rate means that is a very efficient house, and where, on the contrary, G rate means a really bad efficiency. Later an economic study is made, where the different applications of those improvements are analyzed, specifically the benefit that the application means, and also the saving in the use of fuel that it involves. Finally the viability of the previous improvements is analyzed, economically and technically.","Lan honen helburu nagusia, aztertu nahi den etxearen kalifikazio energetikoa ezagutzea da. Ondoren, efizientzia energetikoa hobetu ahal izateko hainbat aukera aztertzen dira, eta aukera hoberena zein den aukeratzen da. Behin eta aukera hoberena erabakitu, xehetasunez deskribatzen dira erabili beharreko materialak edota erabiliko diren elementuen ezaugarri teknikoak. Aukerarik hoberena zein den aukeratzeko, kontuan izango da bi letretako hobespena lortu nahi dela, A letra hoberena izanik, eta G letra oso efizientzia energetiko txarreko etxea dela adieraziz. Azkenik, aztertuko da hobekuntza horiek erregaiaren kontsumoan duten eragina, eta zenbateko aurrezpena eragiten duten, honek ahalbidetzen du hobekuntzak horiek egiteko gaitasun ekonomiko zein teknikoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23326,2017-09,"The aim of this paper is to present the results obtained after running a thermal simulation in ANSYS of hot stamping dies whose cooling ducts have been repaired using the laser cladding technique. The most important theoretical aspects to taken into account for obtaining the thermal model are also analysed. After that, the results obtained using the Laser Cladding method are compared to those achieved when more conventional methods such as drilling are used. Finally, it has been made a correlation between the results obtained with the simulation and the ones we got experimentally in the workshop through the use of a thermographic camera, in an attempt to validate the methodology which was used.","Lan honen helburua, berotako trokelgintzako matrizeetan laser ekarpen bitartez sorturiko hozketa hodien funtzionamendua aztertzea da. Horretarako, ANSYS softwarearen bitartez piezen analisi termikoa gauzatu da eta modelo termikoa garatzeko beharrezkoak diren alderdi teoretikoak ere aztertu izan dira. Ondoren, laser ekarpen bitartez sorturiko eta zulaketa bezalako metodo tradizional baten bitartez lorturiko hozketa hodien funtzionamendu eta hozketa gaitasuna alderatu dira. Azkenik, erabilitako metodologia balioztatzeko helburuarekin eta kamera termografiko bat medio, simulazioko emaitzak eta emaitza errealen arteko korrelazio bat garatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25851,2018-03-21,"The integration of immigrant student body in a new context and the learning of a second language are two processes that can be very influenced by different factors. This work expects to analyse some of these factors from the reality of a concrete school. With the goal of getting a wider view about the attention given to the immigrant students, this analysis is carried out from three different perspectives (observation, interview to the teachers and survey to the students). Finally, a suggestion of improvement directed to this school is presented in order to give a better educational response to the foreigner student body.","Ikasle etorkinen integrazioa inguru berri batean eta bigarren hizkuntzaren ikasketa prozesuak oso eraginda ikus daitezke faktore desberdinengatik. Lan honetako helburua eskola konkretu baten errealitatetik faktore honetako batzuk aztertzea da. Ikasle etorkinek daukaten atentzioari buruz ikuspuntu zabalagoa izateko asmoarekin, azterketa hau hiru desberdin ikuspegitik egiten da (zuzeneko behaketa, irakasleriari elkarrizketa eta ikasleriari inkesta). Azkenik, eskola honi bideratuta hobetzeko proposamen bat aurkezten da ikasle immigranteei ematen zaien erantzun hezigarria aberasteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73244,2025-05-07,"Early childhood is fundamental in the moment and future development of human beings. It is interesting to investigate the origin of this development, focusing on affectivity. The main objective of this work is to analyze the importance and weight of the affective relationship and care, and to know the role they play in the school reality. To this end, a questionnaire was created for teachers and students of undergraduate, postgraduate and higher education in Early Childhood Education A total of 40 people responded to this questionnaire. The results obtained indicate the lack of training on affectivity and quality care, and the lack of willingness of the educational system to these principles. Likewise, this work leaves the door open to other future research, based on the conclusions obtained in this one, with the aim of continuing to improve the quality of education provided at this important stage.","Lehen haurtzaroa oinarrizkoa da gizakiaren momentu horretako eta etorkizuneko garapenean. Interesgarria da garapen horren jatorria zein den ikertzea, afektibitatean arreta jarriz. Lan honen helburu nagusia erlazio afektiboaren eta zaintzen garrantzia eta pisua aztertzea eta eskolako errealitatean betetzen duten papera ezagutzea da. Honetarako Haur Hezkuntzako irakasle eta gradu, graduondo eta goi mailako ikasleei zuzenduta zegoen galdetegi bat sortu zen. Guztira, 40 pertsonek erantzun zioten galdetegi horri. Jasotako emaitzek afektibitate eta kalitatezko zaintzen inguruko formakuntza falta eta hezkuntza sistema printzipio hauetarako prest ez dagoela adierazten dute. Halaber, lan honek etorkizuneko beste ikerketei atea zabalik uzten die, honetan ateratako ondorioetatik abiatuta, etapa garrantzitsu honetan ematen den hezkuntzaren kalitatea hobetzen jarraitzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14735,2015-03-11,"Nowadays it is very common to use machines in the industry. Those machines require some mechanisms to make the action that is needed, and depending on that action, different mechanism is going to be used. This report represents the study, kinematic analysis and subsequent classification of different planar mechanisms with one degree of freedom which are used in industry currently. With previous knowledge and complementing it with specialized sources that exists of the subject, it has been possible to carry out this report. The classification of mechanisms that is found in this report is one possibility of a wide variety because due to the complexity of the task it has not been possible to do a standardized classification. The guideline of this report consists on doing a kinematic analysis of different mechanisms with the purpose of create a prototype of one of them. This is the structure that has been followed in this report: First of all, a search of planar mechanisms that fulfill the condition of having one degree of freedom and a proved utility has been done. Then, a compilation of the kinematics results of each mechanism has been done, including graphical constructions and also videos of each mechanism has been added. Next, all the mechanisms has been classified in different groups depending on their function or application. To conclude, a prototype has been done with one of the mechanisms to verify the operation of the mechanism.","Gaur egun makineriaren erabilera industrian oso ohikoa da. Makineria honek, hainbat mekanismoren beharra izaten du nahi den funtzioa betetzeko, eta funtzio horren arabera, mekanismo bat edo bestera joko da.Lan honek,askatasun gradu bakarra duten mekanismo planoen ikasketa, analisi zinematikoa eta ondorengo sailkapen bat azaltzen du, industrian erabiltzen direnenak bereziki. Lan hau posible egiteko, aldez aurretik gaiari buruz jakituriatik abiatu da eta noski ondoren iturri espezializatuek emandako informazioarekin osatu egin da.Lan honetan egin den sailkapena gaur egun dauden aukera askotarikoen bat da, gaiaren zailtasuna dela eta ezinezkoa delako sailkapen bakar bat egitea.Lan honetan jarraitzen den ibilbidea mekanismo bakoitzaren analisi zinematikoa egin eta ondoren prototipo bat sortzean datza. Hau izan da jarraitu izan den egitura: Lehendabizi, askatasun gradu bakar bat duten mekanismo planoak eta industrian erabilpen bat dutenen bilaketa bat egin da. Ondoren, mekanismo bakoitzaren emaitza zinematikoen bilketa bat egin da, eraikuntza grafikoak eta baita mekanismo bakoitzaren animazio bat ere sartuz. Gero, talde ezberdinetan sailkatu dira mekanismoak haien funtzio edo aplikazioaren arabera. Azkenik, mekanismo baten prototipo bat sortu egin da bere funtzioa betetzen duela egiaztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72673,2025-02-13,"The End of Degree project that is introduced has been developed with the collaboration of the business ""Devol Robotics Automation"", where I am realizing my business practices. This project is directed to the improvement of the information management and trazability of Cross Docking shipments. This job was made manually so far, which in a lot of cases caused several errors in the introduction of the data or informarion loss and furthermore required a lot of supervision work from the responsable human user. The developed program fully automates this process and the generation of loading codes for the user and sends a mail summarizing the process execution. Thanks to the developed automation the time the goods spend stored is reduced drastically, in addition, the time spent on it is reduced as the supervision needed is minimal due to the low error rates. This whole procject has been developed via the UIPath software, which is used for Robotics Process Automation (RPA). Excel, Outlook and the OBI web platform are also used for the project.","Aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lana ""Devol Robotics Automation"" enpresaren laguntza eta gainbegiraketarekin egin da. Hemen egon naiz lan praktikak burutzen. Proiektu hau Cross Docking ondasunen informazioaren jarraipena eta trazabilitatea hobetzeko garatu da. Orain arte informazio honen kudeaketa eskuz egiten zen, beraz, denbora asko inbertitzen zen zeregin honetan, gainera, kasu askotan akatzak edota informazio galerak ematen ziren. Garatutako programak informazio honen prozesamendua eta karga informe baten sorkuntza guztiz automatizatzen ditu eta exekuxioa amaitzean laburpen txostena bidaltzen dio bezeroari. Automatizazio honi ezker Cross Docking ondasunak ahalik eta denbora gutxiago biltegiratuta geratu daitezen lortzen da, gainera prozezamentu denbora eta akats tasa edo informazio galerak asko murrizten dira. Proiektu guzti hau UiPath plataformaren bidez gauzatu da, RPA prozezu automatizazioarako erabiltzen dena. Excel Outlook eta OBI web plataformak erabiltzen dira baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36494,2019-11-27,"Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death in the world. Therefore, their early detection and prevention is an urgent task with important consequences for public health and quality of live. Low cost non-invasive monitoring techniques to assess the state of the heart like the electrocardiogram (EKG) are an essential tool for the prevention of CVDs, and the early detection of arrhythmia. Many arrhythmia are associated to disfunctions in heart rate and the nature or origin of the heartbeats. Consequently, an automatic algorithm to identify heartbeats and classify them using the EKG would be an important tool for the early detection of CVDs. The aim of this project has been to develop and implement an EKG based supervised algorithm to discriminate normal heartbeats from heartbeats originating in the ventricles, or ventricular heartbeats. To accomplish this goal several intermediate goals have been defined and achieved; first, the adaptation of an openly available EKG database following the international standards, and the development of an easy to use graphical user interface (GUI) for the visualisation and handling of those EKG signals and their annotations. Then, two algorithms were used to detect and delineate the heartbeats from the database, namely the Hamilton Tompkins heartbeat detector and the Wavedec heartbeat delineator. From each heartbeat fifteen characteristics were calculated, including morphological and interval features. Afterwards, these features were statistically characterised for normal and ventricular heartbeats to identify distinctive patterns that will help differentiate normal from ventricular beats. Finally, the best feature combination was determined and it included only four features. These features were used to train a machine learning logistic regression classifier to discriminate normal from ventricular beats, and a separate set of heartbeats was used to test the algorithm. The classifier correctly classified 90.98% of the ventricular beats and 85.98% of normal beats in the test set. These results are comparable or even better than some of the algorithms proposed in the literature for heartbeat classification. In conclusion an accurate algorithm for the discrimination of normal and ventricular heartbeats was developed. Furthermore, the best EKG delineation features for the discrimination of normal and ventricular heartbeats were identified, and we showed that a classifier based only on four features achieved the best results.","Gaixotasun kardiobaskularrak (GKB) dira mundu mailan hilkortasun kausa nagusia. Beraz, GKBak garaiz detektatzea eta hauen prebentzioa premiazko zereginak dira, biek ere osasun publikoan zein bizi-kalitatean ondorio garrantzitsuak baitituzte. Elektrokardiograma (EKG) bihotzaren egoera monitorizatzeko kostu baxuko modu ez-inbaditzailea da, eta funtsezko tresna da GKBak sahiesteko eta arritmiak garaiz detektatzeko. Arritmia asko bihotz-maiztasunaren edota bihotz taupaden izaera edo jatorriaren disfuntzioekin lotzen dira. Horrengatik, bihotz-taupadak identifikatzeko eta EKGa erabiliz bihotz-taupadak sailkatzeko algoritmo automatikoa tresna garrantzitsua izango litzateke GKBn detekzio goiztiarrerako. Proiektu honen helburua izan da EKGn oinarritutako algoritmo bat garatu eta inplementatzea bentrikuletan sortzen diren taupadak taupada arruntetatik bereizteko. Helburu hori lortzeko, bitarteko helburuak zehaztu eta bete izan dira. Lehenik eta behin, sarbide libreko elektrokardiogramen datu-base bat nazioarteko estandarrak jarraituz egokitu da eta erabiltzaile-interfaze grafiko bat garatu da, elektrokardiograma seinaleak eta taupada anotazioak bistaratzeko eta erabiltzeko. Ondoren, bi algoritmo erabili dira datu-baseko bihotz-taupadak detektatzeko eta delineatzeko, Hamilton Tompkins taupada-detektagailua eta Wavedec taupada delineatzailea, alegia. Taupada bakoitzeko hamabost ezaugarri kalkulatu dira, horien artean ezaugarri morfologikoak eta denborazkoan barne. Ondoren, ezaugarri horiek estatistikoki karakterizatu dira taupada normal eta bentrikularrentzako. Horrela, taupada bentrikularrak arruntetatik bereizten laguntzen duten patroi bereizgarriak identifikatu dira. Azkenik, ezaugarrien konbinaziorik onena identifikatu da, lau ezaugarriz bakarrik osatuta dagoela ondorioztatu delarik. Ezaugarri horiek ikasketa automatikoko erregresio logistiko sailkatzaile bat entrenatzeko erabili dira, taupada bentrikularrak arruntetatik bereizteko. Algoritmoa entrenatzeko eta emaitzak lortzeko taupada multzo desberdinak erabili dira. Sailkatzaileak behar bezala sailkatzen ditu taupada bentrikularren %90.98 eta taupada arrunten %85.98. Emaitza horiek, halaber, bihotz-taupadak sailkatzeko literaturan proposatutako algoritmoetako batzuen antzekoak edota hobeagoak dira. Ondorioz, bihotz-taupada normalak eta bentrikularrak bereizteko algoritmo zehatza garatu da. Gainera, bihotz-taupadak eta bentrikularrak bereizteko elektrokardiogramaren delineazioaren ezaugarri onenak identifikatu dira, eta lau ezaugarritan oinarritutako sailkatzaileak emaitzarik onenak ematen dituela frogatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20228,2017-01-11,"The purpose of this Project is to define a suitable user interface to manipulate data and visualize results of radar systems. For this purpose, certain criteria are defined and established for handling and project data from file formats derived from real radar systems. Also, other criteria are considered for making the design and implementation of user interface. This project has been created with the aim of analyzing the impact and clutter generated by wind turbines on weather radars, facilitating the treatment and handling of files radar system, as well as, providing facilities for coexistence between wind turbines and weather radars.","Proiektu honen helburua, radar sistemen datuen tratamendua eta bistaratze egokia egiten duen erabiltzaile interfazea definitzea da. Horretarako, formatu espezifikoa daukaten radar sistema errealen fitxategi batzuetatik lortutako datuak irudikatzeko eta maneiatzeko zenbait irispide definitu eta ezarri egin dira. Bestalde, interfazearen diseinua eta inplementazioa egiteko, beste irispide batzuk ipini egin dira. Proiektu hau haize-sorgailuek klima radar sistemetan sortzen duten inpaktu negatiboa eta clutter-aren ondorioz sortu egin da, datu zein emaitzen tratamendua eta manipulazioa erraztuz, hala nola, energia eoliko eta klima radarren arteko bateragarritasunari erraztasunak emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43114,2020-05-08,"This work shows the reader China ́sambitionswith the launch of the New Silk Road, explaining both the projects that will be carried out, as well as some of the inconveniences they present and their solutions. Likewise, the topic of Chinese investment in differents European ports and its impact on them are presented. Finaly, the entry of Chinese capital in Spanish ports is shown, explaining the examples of the port of Valencia and the portof Bilbao.","Lan honek, Txinako anbizioak erakusten dizkio irakurleari Zetako Bide Berriaren abiaraztearekin, bai burutu diren proiektuak azalduz, bai aurkezten dituen eragozpenak eta hauen konponbidea erakutsiz. Gainera, Txinak Europako potu desberdinetan egindako inbertsioen inguruan hitz egingo da, baita hauek zer nolako ospea daukaten. Amaitzeko, Espainako portuetan kapital Txinatarraren sarrerak izandako eragina adierazten da, Valentzia eta Bilboko portuak oinarritzat hartuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16251,2015-11-30,"The aim of this project is to analyse the different technologies of the Solar Thermal Power Plants. The renewable energies have an essential role on the future energy supply, since they are an endless energy source and without harmful impacts on the environment. One of the most important renewable energy in Spain is the thermal solar one. There are four different technologies of thermal solar power plants, so this project’s purpose is to analyse them so that an objective criterion is given to choose the most suitable one in future installations. For that, both technical and economic aspects will be considered so that the advantages and disadvantages of each technology are studied.","Proiektu honetan zentral termosolarren teknologiak aztertuko dira. Energia berriztagarriak etorkizuneko energia-horniketan funtsezkoak dira, iturri agorrezinak baitira. Gainera, ez dute ondorio kaltegarriak ingurumenean. Energia berriztagarren artean, termosolarra oso garrantzitsua da Espainian; izan ere, herrialde aurrendaria bihurtu da gai honetan. Lau teknologia desberdinak daude zentral termosolarrentzat; ondoren, lan honen helburua irizpide objektibo bat aurkitzea etorkizuneko instalazio proiektuetan teknologia egokiena hautatzeko da. Horretarako, alderdi tekniko eta ekonomikoak kontuan hartuko dira, eta teknologia bakoitzaren abantailak eta atzerabideak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41369,2020-02-20,"Education and mourning are not two concepts that go hand in hand. In society in general and also in education, it is considered a taboo subject, and that is the reason why the didactic materials designed for their work are very scarce. Faced with this lack, a didactic proposal is presented aimed at students between the ages of 10 and 12. The proposal is based on the work of emotions and the use of different artistic expressions, such as: plastic arts, corporal expression, narrative techniques and stories. To conclude, lack of awareness and fear of this subject are evident in both students and teachers.","Hezkuntza eta dolua eskutik oratuta ez doazen kontzeptu bi dira. Gizartean orokorrean eta baita hezkuntza arloan ere, tabu gaia kontsideratzen da eta hortaz, eskasak dira bere lanketara bideratutako eskura dauden material didaktikoak. Gabezia honen aurrean, 10-12 urte bitarteko ikasleei zuzendutako esku hartze didaktiko baten eredua proposatzen da. Proposamena, emozioen lanketan eta arte adierazpen ezberdinen erabileran oinarritzen da, hala nola: arte plastikoak, gorputz adierazpen artistikoa, teknika narratiboak eta ipuinak. Ondorioztatu den bezala, bai ikasleek, baita irakasleek ere gai honekiko duten ezjakintasuna eta beldurra nabaria da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23287,2017-07,"Throughout this project, different real-time facial and eye detectors for mobile devices with Android operating system are studied and evaluated. As a starting point, it is made a study of the state of art of the facial detection systems developed so far to choose the most appropriate one to implement the application. Afterwards, using the light sensor available into Android devices, it is carried out a qualitative analysis of the proposed classifiers under unfavorable lighting conditions. Finally, it is obtained the best combination of classifiers to perform eye detection in low-light environments.","Lan honen bitartez, sistema eragilea Android dutenen gailuentzat aurpegi eta begietako detektore desberdinak aztertzen dira argiztapen baldintzak aldatuz. Abiapuntu gisa, aurpegiaren detekzioaren arloan egindako ikerketak ikasi egin dira, aplikazioa garatzeko sistema komenigarriena hautatuz. Ondoren, Android gailuek duten argi-sentsorea erabilita, proposatu diren sailkatzaileen azterketa egin da aurkako argiztapen baldintzak kontuan izanik. Azkenik, sailkatzaileen konbinazio onena lortu da begietako detekzioa egiteko argi gutxi duten inguruetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23181,2017-07,"Over the last years, polymers have become really important towards the medical sector, especially biodegradables, because of their biocompatibility with the human body. They do not need a second intervention because they degrade and reabsorb within the body. In this project, a practical analysis about the capacity of adhesion is made to different medicines in polymer mixtures with different concentrations. In this case polylactide (PLLA) and poly-L-lactide containing dopamine (Dp-10-PLA) will be used due to the adherent effect of this last one. In order to get this information several techniques will be used with the help of DSC and FTIR machines, which they will give us the necessary results to conclude the project. The objective is to decide which the appropriate concentrations of polymers are, in order to apply it to implants which later on will be introduced inside the human body. The purpose is to control the velocity of release of the medicines so that a more efficient way to check the ailments of a patient is reached.","Azken urteotan medikuntza arloan polimeroek garrantzi handia hartu dute, batez ere biodegradagarriak direnak, izan ere, bateragarriak dira giza gorputzarekin eta hauei esker ez da inolako bigarren ebakuntzarik behar, hauek gorputz barruan degradatu eta birabsorbitu egiten direlako. Honako proiektuan medikamendu ezberdinen (levofloxacino eta ciprofloxacino) itsaspen ahalmenaren azterketa praktiko bat egiten da kontzentrazio ezberdineko polimero nahasketekin. Kasu honetarako erabiliko direnak poli-L-laktida (PLLA) eta dopamina daukan polilaktida (Dp-10-PLA) dira, azken honek dopaminari esker efektu itsaskor bat edukita. Informazio hau eskuratzeko teknika desberdinak aplikatuko dira DSC eta FTIR makinen laguntzaz, hauek proiektua ondorioztatzeko beharrezko emaitzak emanik. Helburua polimeroen kontzentrazio egokiak zeintzuk diren erabakitzea da, giza gorputzean sartuko diren euskarri edo inplanteetan aplikatzeko. Honen asmoa medikamenduen askapen abiadura kontrolatzea da, honela gaixo baten gaitzak modu eraginkor bateagoan kontrolatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24319,2014,"Memory is the ability to keep and remember the experiences people accumulate in life. rarely is codifying information like a photographic recording. Memory is not a reconstruction but the representation of the past. This means that it influences and is influenced by the emotions and feelings of the person. The images of a traumatic event are integrated in the emotional memory in a chaotic and unstructured way and invade the person’s consciousness. This can lead to the emergence of repetitive thoughts, nightmares and memory disturbances in the form of fragmented and disorganised stories or to the unexpected and even inappropriate appearance of partial recalls with great intensity. In other words, victims frequently remember what they want to forget, and forget what they want to remember. The victim’s recovery process means the tranformation of the trauma images from the emotional memory into time-space ordered events under the control of verbal memory. There are some attitutes and behaviours which facilitate the emotional processing of traumatic events, such as forgiveness and active forgetting; on the contrary, there are others such as hate and revenge, which complicate it. Society should support victims actively by repairing what can be repaired, applying justice and keeping alive the memory of what happened, in order for them to overcome the pain.","Oroimena pertsona batek bere bizitzan barrena izandako bizipenak finkatzeko, gordetzeko eta gogoratzeko duen gaitasuna da. Informazioaren kodifikazioa ez da ia inoiz izaten argazki-grabaketa bat bezalakoa. Oroimenak ez du iragana berregiten, irudikatu baizik. hortaz, eragina dauka emozioetan eta sentimenduetan, eta emozio eta sentimenduen eraginpean dago. Gertaera traumatiko baten irudiak modu kaotikoan eta desegituratuan sartzen dira oroimen emozionalean, eta biktimaren kontzientzia hartzen dute. Pentsamendu errepikakorrak, amesgaiztoak eta oroimenaren asaldurak ager daitezke, istorio zatikatu eta nahasiak, edo oroitzapen partzialak ustekabean eta une desegokian etor daitezke burura intentsitate handiz. hau da, sarri, biktimek ahaztu nahi dutena gogoratzen dute, eta ahaztu egiten dute gogoratu nahi dutena. biktimak sendatzeko, beharrezkoa da oroimen emozionaleko traumaren irudiak hitzezko oroimenaren kontrolpean espazioan eta denboran behar bezala antolatutako gertaera bilakatzea. Zenbait jarrerak eta jokabidek, barkamenak edo ahazte aktiboak, besteak beste, erraztu egiten dute bizipen traumatikoen prozesamendu emozionala; aitzitik, gorrotoak, mendekuak eta antzeko beste jarrera batzuek oztopatu egiten dute. Gizarteak mina gainditzeko laguntza aktiboa eman behar die biktimei: konpon daitekeena konponduta, justizia aplikatuta eta gertatutakoa oroituta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67682,2024-05-07,"Not only has this work been a proposal, but also research, because it has been carried out by doing an analysis. The main goal has been encouraging motivation in a Primary School classroom, promoting, at the same time, the acquisition of competences in languages and mathematics via a multidisciplinary didactical resource: a scape room. Firstly, this project starts with a theoretical framework, in which it is explained what gamification is, its benefits at classrooms and its importance, definition and characteristics. Secondly, the didactical resource is explained, and, as it is based on already known information, we are on constructivism, where students build their own learning process. A significant learning is guaranteed, because apart from motivating the students by different fun and ludic activities,their willingness to acquire new knowledge is stimulated. They have sixty minutes to find out some codes, which are distributed in three rooms, so that they can deactivate a bomb they have. In order to find these codes, they need to look for the different clues located in the rooms and cooperate with each other. Finally, at the end of this project, the general conclusions are included, in which, in addition to surprising the level of Basque, it must be said that teamwork works properly and that the student must be the total protagonist of his learning process.","Proposamen bat izan bada ere, ikerketa ere bada, aurrera eraman baita, bere analisia eginez. Lan honek, Lehen Hezkuntzako gela batean ikaskuntzarekiko motibazioa sustatzea izan du xede nagusia, hizkuntzen nahiz matematikaren inguruko konpetentziak uztartuz, diziplinarteko hezkuntza baliabide bat sortzeko: escape room-a. Horretarako, marko teoriko batekin hasten da lana, zeinetan gamifikazioa zer den eta geletara zergatik eramateaz gain, jolasak duen garrantzia, bere definizio eta ezaugarriak ikus daitekeen. Ondoren, hezkuntza baliabidea daukagu, eta aldez aurretiko jakintzetan oinarrituriko baliabide baten aurrean gaudenez, konstruktibismoan murgilduta gaude, ikaslea izango baita bere ikaskuntza prozesua eraikiko duena. Modu honetan, ikaskuntza esanguratsua bermatuko da, jarduera ezberdin, ludiko eta dibertigarri batekin ikasleak motibazioaz gain, haien jakinmina sustatzen baitute. Ikasleek hirurogei minutu izango dituzte hiru gela ezberdinetan kodeak deszifratzeko eskolan duten lehergailua desaktibatzeko. Kodea hauek bereganatzeko logeletan dauden pistak bilatu eta talde lanean aritu beharko dira. Lanaren amaieran, ondorio orokorrak aipatzen dira, zeinetan euskara maila harritzeaz gain,talde-lanean egoki funtzionatzen dela eta ikaslea bere ikaskuntza prozesuan guztizko protagonista izan behar dela esan beharra dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36572,2019-11-27,"Abstract: this work introduces a web application that helps to learn and to improve users' computer security related skills. For that aim is proposed to build an online virtual laboratory with some online containerized applications. If virtual machines had been used, instead of containers, computers with less power would have not been able to run them. Those apps are composed in a way that allows users' to skip the tough part of the configuration. Containers will be hosted online so they can be reached from anywhere and anyone at any time. Once the environment is set up the next step is to gain the most cybersecurity skill or knowledge as possible. To accomplish this, a nice looking web interface simplifies the task of learning. Using a Capture the Flag (CTF) like scheme users' will gain theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of security in systems. In order to maintain consumers engaged, challenges have different levels of difficulty which are categorized from 1 to 5. Consumers will get points when completing challenges, and they will be appearing in a leaderboard, creating an environment of competitiveness that builds a link between learning and challenge.","Laburpena: proeiktu hau sistema informatikoen segurtasunanaren ikaskuntzara gidatzen da. Erabilzaileen gaitasunak hobetzea dauka helburu. Horretarako aplikazio web bat garatu egin da, ikaskuntza errazteko. Hainbat erronka prestatu dira, informatikako seguratasunari gidatuak, erabiltzaileek gainditu behar dituztenak, gainditzen badituzte puntuak lortuko dituzte, eta hoberenak ranking batean agertuko dira. Proiektu hau proposatzen dituen erronkak Bandera Harrapatzea (Capture the Flag CTF) bezalakoak dira, non erabiltzaileek gako batzuk lortu behar dituzte, erronkak gainditzeko. Hainbat antzeko aplikazio daude, baina ia guztiak ez dituzte ikaskuntzarako ingurumena, adbidez erronkak, prestatzen edo konfiguratzen, erabiltzaileek prestatu behar dituzte, batzuetan zaila izan dezake. Ingurumenak jaisten dira, gainera ordenagailuek nahiko ahaltsuak izan behar dira softwarea erabiltzeko. Arazo hau konpontzeko aplikazio jada prestatuak eta deskargatu gabekoak sortu egin dira. Erronkak kontainerizatu egin dira, horrela erabiltzaileek ez dituzte ezer ez prestatu behar ezta deskargatu ere. Kontainerrak erronka gauzatzeko behar den ezinbestekoa dauka bere barnean, honek oso arinak egin ditu kontainerrak. Kontainer hauek hodeian daude eta erraz koduetau egin daitezke. Beraz ordenagilueen ahalmena ez da mugapen bat, edonork saia ditzake, ordengailuaren ahalmena kontuan hartu gabe,eta erronkak prestatu gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16304,2015-12-02,"This work deals about designing for a racing motorbike a footrests and handlebars set, which must achieve some specific geometrical requirements to guarantee the best possible answer in competition terms. The security and the comfort of the pilot are one of the most important properties that want to be reached. Then the most suitable processes for the fabrication of this set will be chosen after having analyzed economic and quality requirements in order to be able to bring into the market a very competitive product. The study is mostly based on making a review of the different alternatives that can be adopted so as to get the design of the product and its following fabrication. It should be pointed out that the idea of developing this project was created inside another one more important, the MotoStudent competition. MotoStudent is an international competition between universities all over the world in which the aim for every team is to successfully design, develop and manufacture a racing motorbike prototype similar to the Moto3 world level motorbikes.","Lan hau lehiaketa motozikleta batentzako estribera eta eskuleku multzoa diseinatzean datza, baldintza geometriko zehatz batzuk beteko dituztenak eta lehiakortasunari dagokionez baldintza hoberenak bermatuko dituztenak, hauen artean gidariaren segurtasuna eta erosotasuna lortzea nabarmentzen direlarik. Jarraian hauen fabrikaziorako prozesu egokienak hautatuko dira, ezaugarri ekonomikoak eta kalitatezkoak kontutan hartuz, merkaturatuko den produktua ahalik eta lehiakorrena izateko. Produktuaren diseinuan eta ondorengo fabrikazioan hautatu daitezkeen aukera ezberdinak aztertzean oinarritzen da lana bereziki. Hori guztia lortzeko, bete behar diren helburuak eta baldintzak aztertuko dira. Proiektu honen hedapenaren ideia, garrantzi handiagoko beste baten barnean sortu dela nabarmendu behar da, MotoStudent lehiaketan hain zuzen ere. MotoStudent mundu osoko unibertsitateen artean ospatzen den nazioarteko lehiaketa da, non ikasle taldeek Moto3 mailan erabiltzen diren motozikleten antzekoa den prototipoa diseinatzearen eta hedatzearen erronkari aurre egin behar dioten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23193,2017-07,"This work deals with the kinematical study of reconfigurable parallel manipulators. The study is to be performed with a Kinematical software called GIM in which mechanical actuators are going to sequence types of movement. A reconfigurable parallel manipulator consists of a network of revolute, cylindrical and universal joints with linear elements which connect a moving platform with a static base. The main purpose is showing how reconfigurable parallel robots can be studied to perform the movements they want and show how a parallel robot can be reconfigured to perform industrial tasks which otherwise would require more than two parallel robots.","Lan hau manipuladore paralelo birkonfiguragarrien azterketa zinematikoa da. Azterketa egiteko GIM izeneko software zinematikoa erabili eta bertan eragingailu mekanikoak erabiliz hainbat mugimendu mota sekuentziatuko dira. Manipuladore paralelo birkonfiguragarriak iraultzezko elkarri, elkarri zilindrikoak eta elkarri unibertsalak erabiliz elementu linealekin batera, plataforma mugikor bat geldi base batekin konektatzeko sare bat osatzen dute. Helburu nagusia da erakustea nola manipuladore paralelo birkonfiguragarriak aztertu daitezke nahi diren mugimenduak egiteko eta nola robot paralelo bat berregokitu daiteke, bi robot paralelo baino gehiago eskatzen duten industrial zereginak egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27819,2018-06-29,"In the last years, especially tissue-engineering that is inside of the regenerative medicine, has had a great development. One of the main challenges in tissue-engineering is the development of biomimetic surfaces that promote selective adhesion of cells while promoting specific responses, including cell orientation and differentiation. In this way, micropatterning is a versatile approach to obtain such surfaces to use for example, in microsensors, in cell cultures in vitro or in implants surfaces. In the present work, we have fabricated biocompatible micropatterns with three different geometries (lines, grids and dots) to control the cell adhesion and we have used a technology of additive manufacturing called FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) to fabricate them. Besides, we followed two lines of research: on the one hand, we printed a positive polymer in a negative substrate and on the other hand, we printed a negative polymer in a positive substrate. In both cases in the positive area the cells will adhere and in the negative no. In this way, we studied the adhesion of cells into the substrates and the influence of the micropatterns geometry in the cell morphology.","Azken hamarkadetan, birsortze-medikuntzaren barnean ehun-ingeniaritzak garapen handia izan du eta arlo honetan, biobateragarriak diren eta zelulen itsaspen selektiboa baimentzen duten gainazalak oso desiragarriak izan daitezke zenbait aplikazio ezberdinetarako. Hala, mikrotxantiloien bidez, azalera oso konkretuetan zelulentzat ingurune egokiak defini daitezke, honen aplikazio izan daitezkeelarik, esaterako, biosentsoreak, ehun-ingeniaritzarako in vitro eginiko kultibo zelularrak edo inplanteen gainazal egokiak sortzea. Lan honetan, zehazki, hiru mikrotxantiloi geometria ezberdin (artekatutako zutabeak, sareak eta irloteak) sortu dira, hauek zelulen hazkunde kontrolatua eta bideratua baimendu ditzaketelarik, substratu konkretu baten gainean. Mikrotxantiloi biobateragarri hauek 3D inprimagailu baten bidez ekoitzi dira, FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) delako fabrikazio gehigarriko teknologia erabiliz eta honetarako bi bide nagusi jorratu dira: batetik, substratu negatibo baten gainean (bertan zelulak itsasten ez direlarik), polimero positibo bat inprimatu da zelulak bertan ezartzeko eta bestetik, substratu positibo batean gainean, txantiloi negatibo bat sortu da, zelulak zati positiboan soilik itsasteko. Honela, zonalde positiboetan zelulen itsasgarritasuna aztertu da eta zelulen morfologian txantiloien itxurak eraginik duen baloratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72772,2025-02-14,"Effective communication is essential for all interactions and accessing many services. For people with hearing disabilities, sign language is their primary communication tool. However,the language barrier between sign and spoken languages, as well as between different sign languages, can hinder smooth communication between hearing and deaf people and among signers themselves. A translation application can play a crucial role in eliminating this barrier. Thanks to advanced technologies like deep learning, it is now possible to develop systems capable of recognizing sign language. These models can learn complex patterns in sign language gesture sequences and generate translations. In this context, the present project focuses on developing and training a sequence classification model based on transformers. This model has been trained using a dataset that includes videos of people performing individual signs in sign language. From these videos, a sequence of poses has been extracted, capturing key points of the human body, such as hand and arm positions, as well as facial expressions. To evaluate the model’s effectiveness, the WLASL test dataset, which includes two thousand examples of different poses in American Sign Language (ASL), has been used. Both recognition accuracy and top-5 accuracy have been calculated to verify the model’s classification ability. Although this work is not exhaustive due to the project’s scope, the results obtained are comparable to those reported in the literature.","Komunikazio eraginkorra funtsezkoa da elkarrekintza guztietan. Entzumen-urritasunak dituztenpertsonentzat, zeinu-mintzaira da komunikazio-bide nagusia. Hala ere, zeinu-hizkuntzen eta hizkuntza mintzatuen arteko hizkuntza-oztopoak, bai eta zeinu-hizkuntzen artekoak ere, zaildu egin dezake entzumen-urritasuna duten pertsonen eta entzuleen arteko komunikazio arina, bai eta zeinu-mintzairaren beraren artekoa ere. Itzultzeko aplikazio batek berebiziko garrantzia izan dezake hesi hori kentzeko. Gaur egungo teknologia aurreratuei esker, hala nola ikaskuntza sakonari esker, zeinu-hizkuntza ezagutzeko gai diren sistemak garatu daitezke. Eredu horiek eredu konplexuak ikas ditzakete zeinuhizkuntzaren keinuen sekuentzietan, eta itzulpenak sor ditzakete. Testuinguru horretan,transformers -en oinarritutako sekuentziak sailkatzeko eredu baten garapenean eta entrenamenduan zentratzen da proiektu hau. Eredu hau pertsonen bideoak barne hartzen dituen datu-multzo bat erabiliz entrenatu da, zeinu-hizkuntzan zeinu bakar bat eginez. Bideo horietatik pose-sekuentzia bat atera da, giza gorputzaren puntu interesgarriez osatuak, hala nola eskuen eta besoen posizioaz eta aurpegi-adierazpenaz. Ereduaren eraginkortasuna ebaluatzeko, WLASL izeneko datu-multzoa erabili da, Amerikako zeinu-mintzairaren (ASL) bi mila adibide biltzen dituena. Ereduak behar bezala sailkatzeko duen gaitasuna egiaztatzeko, aintzatespenaren zehaztasuna eta top-5 zehaztasuna kalkulatu dira. Nahiz eta lan hau ez den zehatza GFAren irismena dela eta, lortutako emaitzak ez daude literaturan jasotakoetatik urrun." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41354,2020-02-20,"This Final Degree Project is a bibliographical research about Bibliotherapy, going through its history, analysing the benefits of reading through a perspective of human development, as well as through another more clinical perspective, demonstrating the assets offered by this therapy to people who find themselves in a situation of drug addiction. Emphasis is placed on Winnicott's Theory of Transitionality in order to understand the possible causes of drug addiction and the benefits that Literature can give to people with this problem. As evidence of this, a clinical Bibliotherapy practice is described, which is implemented in Montevideo (Uruguay) with people who is in drug addiction.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan ikerketa bibliografiko bat burutu izan da Liburuterapiari buruz, bere historian zehar, irakurketaren onurak giza garapenaren ikuspegitik aztertzen, eta era berean ikuspegi kliniko batetik, drogen menpe bizi diren pertsonengan terapia honen onurak argi uzten. Winnicott-en Transizionaltasunaren Teoría azaltzen da toxkomanien jatorriak ulertu nahian, baita Literaturak drogen menpe bizi diren perrtsonengan ekarri dezakeen onurak ulertzen saiatzeko. Liburuterapia praktika on gisa, Montevideon (Uruguai) drogo menpekotasuna duten pertsonekin egiten den Biblioterapia kliniko praktika bat deskribatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/11644,2014-02-25T10:09:41Z,"Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, an intracellular bacterium thataffects domestic and wild animals and causes abortion and reproductive problems in ruminants. The main sources of C. burnetii infection are cattle, sheep and goats. The most important route of human Q fever infection is inhalation of contaminated aerosols or dust containing C. burnetii shed by infected animals, mainly at parturition when infected females shed great numbers of bacteria through birth products, vaginal mucus, milk and faeces. As is the case for many other zoonoses, control of Q fever in animals will influence the incidence of this disease in humans, highlighting the importance of the implementation of adequate control options to reduce human infection risk. At the time this work started, sheep were considered to be an important source of Q fever infection in the Basque Country, but there was a lack of information on the status of C. burnetii infection in cattle and goats in the region. Also, little was known about the prevalence of C. burnetii in wildlife in the Basque Country. Regarding control methods, antibiotic treatment with oxitetracycline (OTC) had been used to reduce the number of abortions by C. burnetii in sheep, but its efficacy in decreasing the rate of infection after a C. burnetii outbreak had not been accurately assessed. Similarly, no data were available concerning the efficacy of an inactivated phase I vaccine in highly naturally infected sheep flocks. In this PhD Thesis, a serological study was conducted with the aim of investigating the seroprevalence of C. burnetii in livestock in the Basque Country. Results confirmed that sheep are the main source of infection with a herd seroprevalence of 74%, followed by goats (45%) and cattle (43%); average individual C. burnetii seroprevalence observed was 11.8%, 8.7% and 6.7% in sheep, goats and cattle, respectively. To investigate the role of wildlife, a molecular survey was conducted to estimate the distribution and incidence of C. burnetii infection in wildlife in the Basque Country. C. burnetii DNA was detected in 5.1% of roe deer, 4.3% of wild boar, 9.1% of hares; and, among wild birds, in 11% of vultures and 14% black kites. These species should therefore be considered as potential sources of infection and could also act as sentinel for the presence of infection foci. All the adult ticks analyzed were negative for C. burnetii, suggesting that ticks do not play an important role in the transmission of C. burnetii in this area. Due to the high seroprevalence of C. burnetii found in sheep flocks in the Basque Country, several studies were conducted with the purpose of evaluating the different options available to control Q fever in highly infected sheep flocks. With this purpose, the efficacy of antibiotic treatment with OTC in an infected dairy sheep flock was assessed. Results showed that OTC did neither prevent the shedding of C. burnetii nor limited the duration of bacterial excretion. In addition, OTC did not reduce the bacterial load excretion and no beneficial residual effect in the next lambing season was observed in terms of reducing or eliminating bacterial excretion in previously treated ewes. Nevertheless, a decrease in the number of abortions was observed. In addition, this study showed that the main routes of C. burnetii shedding in sheep were vaginal discharges and faeces, and to a lesser extent, milk. Whereas shedding through milk was sporadic and concentrated during the first month after parturition, vaginal and faecal shedding continued for longer. A further study was designed to assess the efficacy of vaccination in highly naturallyinfected sheep flocks. Animal vaccination was proposed due to the good results reported elsewhere in preventing shedding in non-infected susceptible animals. One year after vaccination of four sheep flocks (including a non-vaccinated control group in each flock) with a phase I vaccine, a reduction was observed in the percentage of abortions, in the number of shedders and in the bacterial mean load. Besides, the seroconversion of non-vaccinated young animals indicated the existence of an active infection, suggesting that the vaccine could have had a possible effect in protecting susceptible animals. A similar reduction was nevertheless also observed in the group of unvaccinated animals, so that the possibility of a natural self-limitation of the infection could not be discarded, as it has been described before. Since vaccination during a single year did not show a significant effect in reducing the number of shedders and the bacterial load excreted, a four-year vaccination scheme was designed and evaluated on a highly naturally infected flock. The high percentage of animal shedders found during the first year of vaccination decreased considerably in the second year and shedding completely disappeared in the last two years of the vaccination programme. However, C. burnetii was still present in the environment after completion of the four-year vaccination programme since air samples collected during the third year and dust samples taken from solid surfaces during the last year tested positive. These results would suggest that at least five years of vaccination are needed to reduce environmental contamination with C. burnetii to minimum levels. In summary, it can be concluded that C. burnetii is involved both in the domestic and the wild cycles in the Basque Country, being sheep one of the most important reservoirs for C. burnetii in this region. It is also noteworthy the role of wild boar, roe deer, hares and carrion wild birds as potential reservoirs of C. burnetii. Finally, this study has provided valuable information on different strategies for Q fever infection control that could be implemented in case of an outbreak of Q fever in a sheep flocks in order to limit economic losses and reduce risk for human infection.","Q sukarra mundu osoan zehar zabaldurik dagoen zoonosi bat da eta Coxiella burnetii deritzon zelula barneko bakterio batek eragiten du gaixotasuna. Etxeko animaliak zein animalia basatiak infektatzeko gai da, abortu eta ugalketa arazoak eraginez. Gizakiarentzat infekzio iturri nagusia ardi, ahuntz eta behi aziendek osatzen dute, izan ere, hauek infektaturik aurkitzen badira, bakterioa kanporatzen dute erditze produktuekin batera, baginako fluidoekin, esnea zein gorotzen bitartez, aerosolak sortuz eta arnasten duten indibiduo sentiberak infektatuz. Beste hainbat gaixotasun zoonotikorekin gertatzen den moduan, animaliengan egiten den Q sukarra-rekiko kontrolak eragina izango du gaixotasun honek gizakiarengan izan dezakeen agerrerak, beraz garrantzitsua da infekzioarekiko kontrol neurriak ezartzea. Lan hau burutu den arte, ardiaziendek C. burnetii-ren gordailu gisa jokatzen dutela jakina zen Euskal Autonomia Erkidego-an, hala ere, ahuntz eta behi azienden egoera ezezaguna zen. Halaber, animalia basatiengan C. burnetii-ren prebalentziari buruzko ikerketa gutxi ezagutzen ziren. Gainera, Q sukarrak eragindako abortu-agerraldi baten aurrean, oxitetraziklina (OTC) botika bidezko tratamendua eraginkorra ote zen ez zegoen garbi. Era berean, naturalki infektaturiko ardi-aziendarengan, I fase-ko txertoaren eragina ezezaguna zen. Era honetara, lehenik eta behin, Euskal Autonomia Erkidego-an C. burnetii-ren seroprebalentzia jakiteko ikerketa burutu zen, ardi-aziendak Q sukarra-ren transmisio iturri nagusi gisa jokatzen jarraitzen zuela egiaztatuz. Ardiaziendarengan %74-eko seroprebalentzia detektatu zen, eta baxuagoa izan zen ahuntz (%45) eta behi (%43) aziendengan. Seroprebalentzia indibidualak %11,8, %8,7 eta %6,7-koak izan ziren hurrenez hurren. Gainera, C. burnetii-k Euskal Autonomia Erkidego-an ziklo basatiarengan izan zezakeen garrantzia ere aztertu zen eta C. burnetii-ren ADN-a aurkitu zen orkatz (%5,1), basurde (%4,3), erbi (%9,1) eta hegaztia basatien artean, sai arre (%11) eta miru beltzengan (%14). Emaitza hauek aditzera ematen dute espezie hauek Q sukarra-ren agerraldietan gordailu zein zentinela gisa joka dezaketela. Animalia hauengan jasotako akainak PCR bitartez aztertu ondoren emaitza guztiak negatibo izan ziren, beraz ixodidoek Q sukarra transmititzeko orduan paper garrantzitsua jokatzen ez dutela iradoki zen. Euskal Autonomia Erkidego-ko ardi-aziendengan aurkitutako seroprebalentzia altua ikusita, zenbait ikerketa burutu ziren infektatutako ardi-aziendengan Q sukarra-ren agerrera kontrolatzeko aukera ezberdinak aztertuz. Era honetara, OTC botika bidezko tratamendu baten eraginkortasuna frogatu zen infektaturiko ardi-azienda batengan eta zera ikusi zen: tratamenduak ez zuela bakterioaren kanporatze denbora gutxiagotzen, ez zela animaliakanporatzaileen kopurua murrizten, ezta kanporatutako bakaterio karga ere, baina abortu kopurua txikiagoa izan zen. Bestalde, ez zen OTC-aren hondakinik antzeman hurrengo erditzean. Gainera ikerketa honek erakutsi zuen ardi-aziendengan C. burnetiiren kanporaketa fluido baginal eta gorotzen bitartez gertatzen zela batipat eta neurri txikiago batean esnearekin. Esnearen bitartez emandako kanporaketa esporadikoa eta erditze ondorengo lehenengo hilabetean kontzentratua egongo litzateke, bestalde bagina zein gorotzen bidezko kanporaketa denboran luzeagoa litzateke. Gainera, erditze garaian zehar C. burnetii-ren kantitatea kuantifikatu zen, bai airean eta baita instalazioen barne nahiz kanpoaldean. Animalia sentibera nahiz esplotazioan sarri ibiltzen diren pertsonek, Q sukarraren transmisio arrisku altua zutela baieztatu zen. Bestalde, naturalki infektaturiko ardi-aziendengan txertoaren eraginkortasuna ikertzea planteatu zen. Txertoak emaitza onak eman zituen infektatu gabeko animalia sentiberak babesterakoan. Lau ardi-azienda ezberdin txertatu ziren eta bakoitzean, txertoaren efikazia baieztatzeko kontrol gisa jokatuko zuen txertatu gabeko talde bat aukeratu zen. Txertatu eta handik urte batera abortuen portzentaia jeitsi zela ikusi zen, baita animalia kanporatzaileen kopurua eta kanporatutako bakterio karga ere bai. Gainera, txertatu gabeko animaliengan serokonbertsioa gertatu zen. Honek, infekzio aktibo bat zegoela adierazten zuen eta txertoak nolabaiteko babes efekturen bat euki zezakeela pentsatu zen, animalia sentiberak babestuz. Hala ere, murrizpen hauek txertatu gabeko animaliengan ere ikusi ziren, naturalki gertatutako infekzioaren murrizpen bat denik ezin delarik baztertu, aurretik deskribatu den moduan. Txertoak epe laburrera efektu esanguratsurik ez zuela antzeman zen, ez bait zen ezberdintasun adierazgarririk ikusi animalia kanporatzaileen kopuruaren murrizpenean, ezta txertatutako zein kontrol gisa jokatzen zuten animalien arteko bakterioen kanporaketan. Horregatik txertoaren efikazia 4 urteren buruan ikertu zen infektaturiko ardi-azienda batengan. Lehenengo erditze garaian C. burnetii kanporatzen zuten animalien portzentaia altua zen, baina neurri handi batean portzentai hau murriztu zen txertatu eta handik bi urtetara, 3. eta 4. urteetan animalien eskrezioa desagertzera iritsi zelarik. Dena den, bakterioak ingurumenean egoten jarraitzen zuela baieztatu zen, 3. urtean zehar jasotako aerosolek eta txertoa jarri zen azken urtean, azalera solidoetan hartutako hauts laginak aztertu ondoren. Honela, gutxienez 5 urteren buruan txertoa jarri behar dela iradoki zen, C.burnetii-ren infekzioa ingurumenean maila baxuenetara murrizteko. Beraz, Euskal Autonomia Erkidego-an, C. burnetii etxeko ziklo nahiz basatian aurkitzen dela ondorioztatu dezakegu, ardi-azienda bakterio honen transmisio iturri garrantzitsua izanik. Gainera, basurde, orkatz, erbi eta hegaztia harrapakarien papera azpimarragarria da, gordailu gisa jokatu dezaketen einean. Ikerketa honek, informazio handia eskaintzen du ardi-azienda batengan Q sukarra-ren agerreraren aurrean, aurka egiteko kontrol estrategia ezberdinak eskainiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36131,2018,"This research studies the evolution of the Chilean innovation and its role as a public tool which aims on competitiveness strengthening, so as its tendency towards decentralization. The analysis contextualizes the national innovation system and the regional innovation system, in addition to the programmes developed since year 2000 that have sought to provide the regional innovation system with autonomy and strength. In particular, the Programa Regional lead by CONICYT will be studied, also one of the regional innovation strategies that resulted from the Proyecto RED and the pilot programmes with the Comités de Desarrollo Productivo Regional. So that the regional innovation system can work out properly, it must respond to what the triple helix model demands, and there must be synergies among the institutions that put the system together. These institutions ought to hold the sufficient autonomy to carry out with their own projects, and one of these institutions must be leading the system. Due to the research done through interviews with invigorating agents within the innovation systems and through significant reports and statistics, it is pursued to inquire in to what extent does the Chilean regional innovation system hold the sufficient attributes to generate this competitiveness.","Ikerkuntza honek berrikuntza inguruan eman diren garapenak aztertzen ditu Txile kokagunetzat hartuz. Honen bilakaera lehiakortasuna bermatzen duen tresna publiko gisa bihurtuz eta deszentralizazioari dagokion grina aztertuko da baita ere. Ikerketak berrikuntza sistema nazional eta erregionalen testuinguruak finkatzen ditu 2000. urtetik aurrera suertatutako programak hausnartuz. Programa hauek erregioak autonomiaz eta sendotasunez bermatzea dute xedetzat. Zehatz mehatz, aztertuko direnak CONICYT-ek burututako Programa Regionala¸ Proyecto RED-eri esker prestatutako berrikuntza erregionalaren estrategia bat eta Comités de Desarrollo Productivo Regional-ek gauzatutako pilotu programak izango dira. Berrikuntza erregionalaren sistemek baliabide batzuk behar dituzte ondo funtzionatzeko. Esaterako, helize hirukoitz modelotik eskatzen denari erantzun behar da eta sistema eratzen duten erakundeen artean sinergiak eman behar dira. Erakunde hauek proiektu propioak burutzeko autonomiaren beharra daukate eta sistemako erakunde batek lider bezala jardun beharko luke. Lan honetan berrikuntza erregionalaren sistemek lehiakortasuna lortzeko behar duten baliabideak ze nolako neurrian betetzen diren aztertuko da, Txileko sisteman aritzen diren agenteekin suertatutako elkarrizketa eta beste txosten eta estatistiketaz abiatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17639,2016-03-16,"Values and attitudes are very important in the society. Because of that, this assignment is a proposal for working in respect, autonomy and living together rules in the first course of Primary Education. The main aim of this proposal is to cause some changes in students´ values and attitudes. The procedure based in a theoretical frame, consists of 12 activities, a pre-test and post-test and a role playing. After putting it into practise, some results and conclusion have been obtained, explaining the influence of the proposal on the students, and if it is suitable for their age.","Balioek eta jarrerek garrantzia handia dute edozein testuingurutan. Hori dela eta, lan hau Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo mailan errespetua, autonomia eta bizikidetza arauak lantzeko proposamena da, ikasleen balio eta jarreretan aldaketa eta hobekuntza jakina eragiteko asmoz. Oinarri teoriko batetik sortutako esku-hartzeak, 12 jarduera ditu, pre-testa, post-testa eta balioak bizirik irauteko amaierako rol-jokoa, beste batzuen artean. Praktikan jarritako interbentziotik emaitzak eta ondorioak atera dira, proposatutakoak ikasleengan zer-nolako eragina izan duen eta ondorioz, haien ezaugarrietarako egokia izan den azalduz, besteak beste." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19575,2016-11-22,"Because of the limitations and problems associated with fossil fuels, it is necessary to promote sustainable energy sources, as well as environmentally friendly ones. The development of a viable production of the compound 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF) from a renewable source such as biomass is the main objective of the work process. MTHF is obtained from biomass bipolymers, such as cellulose and hemicellulose. In the process of getting it two steps can be differentiated: on the one hand, the hydrolysis of biomass for levulinic acid (LA) and the hydrogenation to obtain gamma-valerolactone (GVL). On the other hand, the obtaining of MTHF from GVL, that is the step in which this project will be based. In order to obtain catalysts that were as stable and active as possible, several catalysts Ni-Cu/ Al2O3 were prepared with the optimum ratio of metal (2 Ni: 1 Cu), which has been obtained in previous project investigations. Various parameters were analysed in order to achieve the objective, being the effect of the amount of metal Ni-Cu the first. In addition, with the characterisation of each catalyst, the results obtained could be associated with the physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts. With those analyses it was observed that characteristics of the active phases of the catalyst are more important than the amount of them. Also, using TPR and XRD methods, you can see the importance of the particle size and the interaction between the metals and the support. Once detected the optimum amount of metal, the influence of the preparation method of the catalyst was analysed. The behaviour of 3 different methods of catalyst preparation were observed, where the most important parameters for the characterisation of catalyst were analysed in order to choose the most suitable. Finally, the stability of the most active catalysts was analysed. For this purpose, each selected catalyst was reused a few times to see if the activity kept constant or decreased in each reuse. In case the activity decreased, several hypotheses were considered to explain why that happened. Compared with other catalysts that have been used in several investigations, it can be concluded that the catalyst Ni-Cu/Al2O3 can become one of the possible catalysts to be used in the reaction of obtaining MTHF fuel. The results derived from these tests have been interesting in terms of yields, conversion and selectivity. In presence of various catalysts, high yields and selectivity of MTHF were obtained. Having a high selectivity value makes the product easier to separate from the others. Furthermore, factors such as the use of a green solvent and the fact that catalyst metals are non-noble, present advantages in terms of environment.","Erregai fosilek dakartzaten mugen eta arazoen ondorioz, beharrezkoa da izaera energetiko berriztagarriak eta aldi berean, ingurugiroarekiko errespetagarriak diren energia-iturri berriak garatzea. 2-Metiltetrahidrofurano (MTHF) konposatua iturri berriztagarri batetik, biomasatik, lortzeko prozesu bideragarri bat garatzea da lan honen helburu nagusia. Biomasaren zelulosa eta hemizelulosa bipolimeroetatik lortu ahal da MTHF konposatua. Prozesu honetan bi pausu ezberdindu daitezke: batetik, biomasaren hidrolisia azido lebulinikoa (LA) lortzeko eta honen hidrogenazioa gamma-valerolactona (GVL) lortzeko. Bestetik, proiektu hau oinarrituko den pausua, hau da, GVL-tik abiatuz MTHF lortzea. Proiektua hasi baino lehen eginiko beste ikerketa batzuetan lortutako metal-ratio optimoarekin (2 Ni: 1 Cu) Ni-Cu/Al2O3 katalizatzaile ezberdinak prestatu ziren. Horrela, denetatik katalizatzaile egonkorrena eta aktiboena lortzeko helburuarekin. Helburu hau lortu ahal izateko, hainbat parametro ezberdin aztertu ziren. Ni-Cu metal-kantitatearen efektua izan zen azterturiko lehenengo parametroa. Katalizatzaileen karakterizazioari esker, lorturiko emaitzak ezaugarri fisiko-kimikoekin erlazionatu ziren, non katalizatzaileen fase aktiboen ezaugarriak, fase aktiboen kantitatea baino garrantzitsuagoa zela ikusi zen. Bestetik, XRD eta TPR metodoen bitartez, partikula-tamainaren eta metal eta euskarrien arteko interakzioaren garrantzia ikusi zen. Behin kantitate optimoa aurkituta, katalizatzailea prestatzeko metodoaren influentzia aztertu zen. 3 prestaketa-metodo ezberdinen portaera ikusi ondoren, egokiena aukeratu ahal izateko orduan ere katalizatzaileen karakterizazioan garrantzitsuak ziren parametroak aztertu ziren. Azkenik, aukeraturiko katalizatzaile aktiboenen egonkortasuna analizatu zen, katalizatzaile bakoitza bizpahiru aldiz erabiliz. Horrela aktibotasuna mantendu edota galtzen zuen analizatu zen, eta galduz gero, hainbat hipotesiren bitartez zergatia azaldu. Beste ikerketetan erabilitako katalizatzaileekin konparazioa eginez, Ni-Cu/Al2O3 katalizatzailea aukeretako bat bihur daiteke MTHF bioerregaia lortzeko erreakzioaren erabileran. Izan ere, entseguetan lorturiko emaitzak interesgarriak gertatu dira, bai errendimendu, bai konbertsio eta baita selektibotasun aldetik. MTHF-ren errendimendu nahiko altua lortu da entseguetan erabilitako katalizatzaile batzuen presentzian, eta gainera, selektibotasun balio altuak lortu direnez, produktuak erraz araztu ahal izango dira. Beste alde batetik, disolbatzaile berdearen erabilerak eta katalizatzailea osatzen duten metalak ez nobleak izateak ingurugiro aldetik abantailak aurkezten dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14027,2015-01-16,"In this work is proposed the educational inclusion of a student with cerebral palsy, using two sessions of Physical Education, through activities and games. Prior to this program, the relevance of social inclusion and the echo that is achieving in the educational community are emphasized. Focusing on its conceptual analysis and referring to students with special needs, the large number of benefits existing for the whole group is numbered. Having analyzed their benefits and taking into account the necessary adjustments, the activities mentioned previously are introduced and is highlighted the conclusions deduced.","Lan honetan, Heziketa Fisikoko bi saio proposatzen dira. Helburua, jarduera eta jokoen bitartez garun paralisia duen ikasle baten inkluzioa eskolan. Programazio baino lehen, inkluzioak gizarte mailan duen garrantzia eta hezkuntza komunitatean lortzen ari den oihartzuna goraipatzen da. Xedean zentratuz, hezkuntza premia bereziak dituzten ikasleak, taldeari eman diezaioketen hainbat onura kontzientzia harrarazi nahi diogu ikaslegoari. Onurak aztertuta eta beharrezko egokitzapenak kontuan hartuta, aurretik aipatutako jarduerak aurkeztu eta ateratako ondorioak nabarmentzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16294,2015-12-02,"This report seeks to design the brackets and break coupling for a racing motorbike. The main objective is to get an optimum design of these brackets and break coupling. In order to achieve this, a preliminary investigation is first conducted; then, the stresses to which the pieces are subject are analysed; finally, these pieces are designed with a CAD / MEF (PTC Creo) and an analysis of the results of each piece is discussed. This work is expected to provide an innovative and effective design of the three pieces for the MotoStudent project or for any other projects.","Lan honen asmoa lasterketa motor baten tijak eta balazten akopleak diseinatzea da. Helburu nagusia tija eta balazten akopleen diseinurik egokiena lortzea da. Horretarako, lehenendabizi aurretikerketa bat egin da; gero, piezek jasan beharreko estresa aztertu da eta azkenik, atalen diseinua egin da CAD/MEF (PTC Creo)-rekin, lortutako emaitzen azterketa bat eginez. Lan honek hiru zati hauentzako diseinu berritzaile eta efektiboa eskaini nahi du, bai MotoStudent proiekturako, eta baita beste edozein proiekturako ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25350,1999,"Society must be the protagonist and addressee of the juridical world, and Law have to turn into a social reality, to reach a real relation of causality between what the society wants and what the Law gives back to it. In accordance with this affirmation, and expressing the significance of the protection of life and moral and physical integrity as fundamental rights, it is made a reflection about the problem of the abortion, the euthanasia and the transplantation of organs, as modern juridical demonstrations of the life defence through the Law.","Gizarteak legezko munduaren protagonista eta hartzaile izan behar du, eta Zuzenbideak, errealitate sozial batetan bihurtu behar du, benetako erlazio bat egon dadin gizarteak nahi duena eta Zuzenbideak itzultzen dionaren artean. Hau esan eta gero, eta bizitza eta osasun fisiko eta moralak giza eskubide bezala babesteak duen garrantzia komentatu eta gero, abortua, eutanasia eta organu trasplanteei eginen zaie erreferentzia Zuzenbidearen bidez bizitza defendatzen duten manifestazio juridiko bezala harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22938,2017-09,"Current industrial activity has several challenges due to several social and economic phenomenons. To be more precise, actual enterprises have various objectives, such as, flexibility in their production. Therefore, the aim of this project is to study different work improvement techniques (SMED, 5S and KAIZEN) and their application in a SME will be carried out. Subsequently, the application company will be analyzed: “EPIS Archanda S.L.”. First of all, the entire company would be analyzed, from its facilities to each activity, and the application context (Once we have all the information, we will proceed to the application of the techniques. Finally, a study of the follow-up of the application of the chosen techniques will be done.","Azken mendeetako fenomeno ekonomiko eta sozialen ondorioz, industriaren helburuak eta erronkak oso bestelakoak dira. Gaur egungo enpresen eta lantegien beharrak hauek dira: kostuen murrizketa, produktibitatearen hazkundea eta produkzioaren flexibitatea. Ildo horretatik habiatuz, lan honetan hobekuntza-teknikak (SMED, 5S eta KAIZEN) aztertu eta enpresa konkretu batean aplikatuko dira. Gainera, “EPIS Archanda S.L.” enpresan aplikatuko dira hobekuntza-teknikak. Lehenik eta behin, enpresa sakonki aztertuko da, funtzioak eta instalazioak barne, eta hobekuntza-teknikak aplikatuko diren testuingurua ere (lanpostuak eta tokiak) ikertuko dira. Ondoren, hobekuntza-teknika horiek martxan jarriko dira. Azkenik, gauzatutako hobekuntzen jarraipena burutuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17615,2016-03-15,"By this project, I have inserted the verses and couplets in the daily routines as well as in the sequencialization of a tale to show that it is possible to work this way in the first cycle of Primary School. My main aim is to work the language by means of a different methodology, motivating the group and encouraging the verses. To evaluate it, I have used a qualitative method to see the development of pupils. Finally, I have published the results and the conclusions.","Proiektu honen bidez, Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo zikloan bertsogintza eta koplagintza lantzea posible dela erakutsi nahian, eguneroko errutinetan eta ipuin baten sekuentzializazioan bertsoak eta koplak txertatu ditut. Horretarako, hizkuntza lantzea izan da nire helbururik nagusiena, taldea motibatuz eta bertsoekiko zaletasuna bultzatuz. Ebaluaketa egiterakoan, metodo kualitatiboan oinarritu naiz ikasleen garapenaz ohartzeko. Azkenik, emaitzak eta ondorioak plazaratu ditut." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54116,2021-11-25,"It is essential to identify children that have High Intellectual Capacities at an early age, as a means of giving them a personalized educational response according to their characteristics and needs. To make this possible, it is paramount that the identification process is the same throughout the state. Nevertheless, in reality, the identification process, the moment, and the prevalence are very variable depending on each autonomous community. As a result, this could have serious consequences for children. Thus, this work aims to offer a comprehensive look at the theory of High Intellectual Capacities, along with the relation between these and empathy. Therefore, the purpose of this End-of-Degree Project is to investigate the knowledge and formation of teachers on the subject I am dealing with. In addition, I will try to discover the influence that empathetic behaviour can have on this collective and on the interest of wanting to educate and train.","Ezinbestekoa da Adimen Gaitasun Handiko haurrak garaiz identifikatzea eta haietako bakoitzaren ezaugarri eta premietara egokitutako hezkuntza pertsonalizatua ematea. Horretarako, funtsezkoa da estatu maila osoan identifikazio prozesua berdina izatea. Baina errealitatean identifikazio prozesua, garaia eta prebalentzia oso aldakorrak dira autonomia-erkidegoaren arabera eta honek haurrarengan ondorio latzak ekar ditzake epe labur zein luzean. Hala, lan honetan Adimen Gaitasun Handien teoria aztertzen da, baita enpatia eta gaitasun handien arteko erlazioaren inguruan sakondu ere. Modu honetan, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen xedea irakaslegoak gaitasun handien inguruan duen ezagutza eta formazioa zenbaterainokoa den ikertzea da, baita honetan zein kolektibo honengan jarrera enpatikoa izateak nola eragin dezakeen behatzea ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59697,2023-02-07,"The objective of this project is the study and development of neural models of complex multivariable systems. After the modelling, the neural models of two target nonlinear systems will be obtained, one SISO model, and one MIMO model. Moreover, a code for streamlining future development of further models, for their application in dynamic model based control strategies. For this, neural networks with the NARX structure have been chosen, and the development has been conducted on the MATLAB enviroment.","Proiektu honen helburua aldagai anitzeko sistema konplexuen eredu neuronalak aztertzea eta garatzea da. Modelaketaren ostean, bi sistema ez-lineal lortuko dira, bata aldagai bakarrekoa, eta bestea, aldagai anitzekoa. Horrez gain, eredu gehiagoren garapena optimizatzea ahalbidetuko duen kodea lortuko da, eredu dinamikoetan oinarritzen diren kontrol-estrategietan erabiltzeko. Honetarako, NARX estruktura duten sare neuronalak aukeratu dira, eta garapena MATLAB ingurunean egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19888,2016-12-19,"Nowadays, in the global market where to be competitive is essential for the organizations, to avoid their decline or even their bankruptcy, they are almost obligated to invest in new chances and in investigation. The Industry 4.0, a philosophy born in Germany, brings the fabric of the future with it and it provides, among others, the technology called additive manufacturing which creates the final product layer by layer and it allows using almost any kind of plastic material and some metal ones. The objects that it produces are objects of any geometrical complexity based always in the tastes of the client and that´s why it can compete with the classical methods. It has just arrived to the Basque Country, expanded to lot of companies and to diverse important sector as the tooling one could be. So the goal of this work is to measure the impact of the additive manufacturing in the Basque Country.","Merkatu globalizatuan, lehiakorrak izatea ezinbestekoa da enpresen biziraupenerako, eta horretarako, aukera berrietan inbertitu behar dute baita ikerkuntzan ere. Gaur egun jatorri alemaniarra duen Industria 4.0 izeneko laugarren industria iraultzak, teknologia berritzaileak eskaintzen dizkie enpresei eta egungo merkatua iraultzatuko dutela diote adituek. Horien artean, bukaerako objektua geruzaz geruza sortzen duen fabrikazio gehigarria izenekoa teknologia aurkitu daiteke, material plastiko zein metalikoekin erabili daitekeena. Konplexutasun handiko eta bezeroei egokitutako piezen ekoizpenerako egokia den teknika bat da, metodo konbentzionalekin lehiatu dezakeena. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegora (EAE) iritsi berri den teknika bat da, enpresa ugarietara zabaldu dena eta sektore indartsuenetan hedapen garrantzitsu bat izaten ari dena. Beraz, fabrikazio gehigarriak EAEn izan dituen eraginak aztertuko dira lan honetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16499,2015-12-17,"Hyperventilation, which is common both in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, decreases coronary and cerebral perfusion contributing to poorer survival rates in both animals and humans. Current resucitation guidelines recommend continuous monitoring of exhaled carbon dioxide (CO2) during cardiopulmonary resucitation (CPR) and emphasize good quality of CPR, including ventilations at 8-10 min1. Most of commercial monitors/de- brilators incorporate methods to compute the respiratory rate based on capnography since it shows uctuations caused by ventilations. Chest compressions may induce artifacts in this signal making the calculation of the respiratory rate di cult. Nevertheless, the accuracy of these methods during CPR has not been documented yet. The aim of this project is to analyze whether the capnogram is reliable to compute ventilation rate during CPR. A total of 91 episodes, 63 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest episodes ( rst database) and 28 in-hospital cardiac arrest episodes (second database) were used to develop an algorithm to detect ventilations in the capnogram, and the nal aim is to provide an accurate ventilation rate for feedback purposes during CPR. Two graphic user interfaces were developed to make the analysis easier and another two were adapted to carry out this project. The use of this interfaces facilitates the managment of the databases and the calculation of the algorithm accuracy. In the rst database, as gold standard every ventilation was marked by visual inspection of both the impedance, which shows uctuations with every ventilation, and the capnography signal. In the second database, volume of the respiratory ow signal was used as gold standard to mark ventilation instants since it is not a ected by chest compressions. The capnogram was preprocessed to remove high frequency noise, and the rst di erence was computed to de ne the onset of inspiration and expiration. Then, morphological features were extracted and a decission algorithm built based on the extracted features to detect ventilation instants. Finally, ventilation rate was calculated using the detected instants of ventilation. According to the results obtained in this project, the capnogram can be reliably used to give feedback ventilation rate, and therefore, on hyperventilation in a resucitation scenario.","Hiperbentilazioak, oso ohikoa bai ospitale-barruko (OB) eta bai ospitale-kanpoko (OK) bihotz-geldialdietan, biziraupen probabilitatea jaisten du. Egungo berpizte gomendioek, gaixoak botatako karbono dioxidoaren (CO2) etengabeko monitorizazioa gomendatzen dute bat-bateko bihotz geldialdi (BBG) eszenario batean, eta kalitate oneko bihotzbiriketako berpizte (BBB) bat bermatzeko, minutuko 8-10 aireztapen ematea gomendatzen dute. Egun merkatuan dauden monitore/des briladore gehienek, aireztapenen maiztasuna kapnograman oinarrituriko algoritmoen bidez kalkulatzen dute, baina sakadek interferentzia bat eragiten dute seinalearengan eta algoritmoen zehaztasuna ez da dokumentatu interferentzia hau ageri denean. Honen harira, proiektu honen helburua kapnogramaren zehaztasuna aztertzea da aireztapenen maiztasunaren kalkulurako, sakadak dauden testuinguru batean. Helburu hau betetzeko, algoritmo bat diseinatu da aireztapenak detektatzeko kapnograman BBB masajea aplikatzen ari den bitartean. Honetarako, guztira 91 episodioz osaturiko datu-multzoa erabili da, 63 OK geldialdiak ziren (lehenengo datu-basea) eta 28 OB geldialdiak (bigarren datu-basea). Prozesua errazteko asmoz, bi tresna gra ko garatu dira eta beste bi tresna proiektu honen betebeharrak asetzeko moldatu dira. Tresna hauek erabiliz, datu-baseen kudeaketa, algoritmoaren optimizazioa eta algoritmoaren zehaztasunaren analisia errazago gauzatzen dira. Lehenengo datu-basean, aireztapen guztiak inpedantzia-seinalea (zeinak uktuazioak erakusten dituen aireztapen bakoitzean) eta kapnograma erabiliz markatu dira. Bigarren datu-basean, bolumen-seinalea erabili da erreferentzi gisa aireztapenak markatzeko, sakadek sorturiko interferentziek gutxiago eragiten diote seinale honi eta aireztapenak erraz markatzen dira. Kapnograma aurreprozesatu egiten da goi-maiztasuneko zarata ezabatzeko, eta lehenengo diferentzia kalkulatzen da gaixoak arnasa hartu eta botatzen dituen uneak estimatzeko. Ondoren, parametro batzuk kalkulatzen dira eta deliberamendu algoritmo batek aireztapen uneak identi katzen ditu. Azkenik, aireztapenen maiztasuna kalkulatzen da. Emaitzak begiratuz, kapnograma aireztapenen maiztasunaren kalkulurako erabili daitekeela ondorioztatu daiteke, eta dokumentu honetan algoritmo berri bat proposatzen da hau lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25562,1995,"Criminal policy is analysed through the possibilities of action from the institutions in this matter, pointing out the role of the Council of Europe on dealing with criminal problems. Likewise, it is studied the contribution of the European Union to the creation of a common criminal policy.","Lan honetan politika kriminala aztertu egiten da, erakundeek gai honetan daukaten ekiteko ahalkizunen bidez, eta egilea, arazo kriminalak ihardunean, Europako Kontseiluak duen paperean erdiratzen da. Era berean, politika kriminal erkide baten sortze-lanerako Europako Batasunak egindako aportazioa ikertu egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16285,2015-12-01,"In the following work one of the most important chores of an engineer is done: to characterize a new material. That is to say, writing in a mathematical way what we see in reality, or, in other words, obtaining the mathematical model of a new material. The chosen material is recycled rubber, which is mainly manufactured with old tyres. This material, among others, has the following advantages: it is very easy to produce (so, its cost is very cheap, taking into account that the raw material used to produce it is solid waste) and a good response against impact. One of the various uses of this rubber is acting as a protective shield for motorcyclists, being installed on the lowest part of guard-rails, and preventing drivers of being mutilated when colliding with those. In order to get the mathematical or constitutive model, starting from hyperelasticity and viscoelasticity, a law for visco-hyperelastic behaviour is proposed, to be used when there are big strains and high strain-rates. For this, researches done by previous students of this school in their end of degree projects are going to act as a basis. Once the model is obtained, it will be simulated in a finite-elements software, and numerical and experimental results will be compared. This way, our model can be improved so as to obtain better accuracy.","Ondorengo lanean ingeniaritzaren eremuan aurkitzen den eginkizunik garrantzitsuenetako bat egingo da: material berri bat karakterizatu. Hau da, errealitatean ikusten duguna era matematiko batean idatzi, edo beste era batean esanda, modelo matematiko bat lortu. Jorratuko den materiala kautxu birziklatua izango da, pneumatiko zaharretatik abiatuz egiten dena. Material honek, besteak beste, hurrengo abantailak ditu: produzitzeko erraza (beraz, prezio ekonomikoak, lehengaiak hondakin solidoak direla ikusita) eta inpakturako erantzun ona. Kautxu hau, beste erabileren artean, segurtasun-errailetan erabiltzen da, moto-gidariak ebaketetatik babesteko. Modelo matematikoa edo konstitutiboa lortzeko, lege hiperelastiko eta biskoelastikoetatik abiatuz, portaera bisko-hiperelastikorako lege bat proposatuko da. Lege hau deformazio handietarako eta deformazio abiadura handietarako aplikatu egingo da. Honen oinarria aurreko urteetan eskola honetako beste ikasleek eginiko gradu eta karrera amaierako lanak izango dira. Behin hau izanda, elementu finituetako software baten bidez simulatuko da, eta emaitza numerikoak esperimentalekin alderatuko dira. Honen bidez, modeloa hobetu ahal izango dugu, zehaztasun gehiago lortzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14639,2015-02-26,"By means of this project, a viable and profitable solution is pursued regarding the management of the sludge produced in a wastewater purifying plant. Firstly, this document will approach and introduce the wide world of wastewater depuration and will study the processes and treatments carried out in purifying plants. Once the depuration field is introduced, the energy recovery by combustion of the sludge produced in the wastewater treatment plant will be considered, in response to the waste management problem. Of course, some other solutions and alternatives will be considered related to the end use of the sludge, among which the choice of the combustion and subsequent energy recovery will be selected. Therefore, and after having made the decision about the final use of sludge, the basis of the project will be developed: the description and measuring of the main equipment that participates in the different processes that will be developed in the electricity generation plant, which will conform the main design of the facilities. Finally, an economic study will be carried out, so as to evaluate the profitability of the project itself and the viability of it. In addition, the risks that the execution of the project could involve will be brought up, so that measures that take those risks into account can be taken.","Proiektu honen helburua uren tratamendurako estazio batean sortutako araztegi-lohien kudeaketak suposatzen duen arazoari bideragarria eta ekonomikoki errentagarria izan daitekeen soluzioa planteatzea da, hain zuzen ere. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin uren arazketaren mundurako gerturatzea burutuko da, araztegi batean ematen diren prozesu eta tratamendu ezberdinen deskripzioa eginez eta hauen nondik norakoak azalduz, eta jarraian lohien gestioak ekartzen dituen arazoei erantzun emateko modutzat, konbustioan oinarritutako lokatzen balioztapen energetikoa planteatuko da energia elektrikoko planta batean. Lohientzat erabilera hau erabaki aurretik, posible liratekeen beste zenbait aukera planteatu eta aztertuko dira, guztien artean irteera egoki bezala konbustioan oinarritutako prozedura hautatuko delarik. Behin aukera guztiak baloratuta eta lohiei emango zaien irteera adostuta, proiektuaren muina garatuko da: hain zuzen ere, instalatu nahiko den lohien bidezko energia elektrikoko plantaren diseinurako oinarriak finkatuko dira, hots, plantan bertan burutuko diren prozesuen deskribapena egingo da, bai eta prozesu horietan parte hartuko duten ekipo ezberdinen deskripzioa eta dimentsionaketa egin ere. Amaitzeko, araztegiko lohiez hornituko den planta elektrikoaren proiektuaren azterketa ekonomikoa garatuko da, bere errentagarritasuna aztertuko delarik; honen bidez, proiektuaren bideragarritasuna frogatzea bilatzen da, hain zuzen, proiektuaren zertzearen bideragarritasuna. Honekin batera, honelako proiektu batek izan ditzakeen arriskuak eta hauek gertatzeko probabilitate-maila baloratuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28310,2013,"In this paper some comments on the role Anthropology or Ethnoarchaeology can have for the study of early medieval rural contexts in northern Iberia are made. From an anthropological and sociological definition of “Peasant Mode of Production” reflections on some features of archaeological material culture of these societies are proposed. These will be contrasted with some of the most important ethnoarchaeological studies. The main objective is to show the cultural diversity objectively existing, thereby avoiding scientific bias in the study of early medieval peasant materiality.","Lan honetan Antropologiak eta Etnoarkeologiak Iberiar penintsulako Goi Erdi Aroko landa-testuinguruak ulertzeko ematen dituzten aukeren inguruko hausnarketa egiten da. “Nekazari ekoizpena”- ren definizio antropologiko eta soziologiko batetik abiatuta, gizarte hauen kultura materialaren inguruko hausnarketa arkeologikoak egiten dira eta Etnoarkeologiak egindako ikerketekin alderatzen dira. Helburu nagusia nekazari gizarteen arteko aniztasun kulturala erakustea da, modu honetan, Goi Erdi Aroko nekazari materialtasunaren inguruko apriorismo zientifikoak ekiditeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41370,2020-02-20,"The purpose of this project is to analyse the influence of visual culture has on the configuration girls´ and boys´ gender stereotypes. Likewise, it also aims to highlight the power of language and visual culture of current society, due to its great capacity to shape children´s vision of the world. Since we are born gender stereotypes catch our attention limiting our personality and hopes. In order to clarify the influence gender stereotypes have on children, after completing the theoretical framework, the situation of Infant Education in one school situated in Baracaldo has been examined. Finally, an artistic proposal in favour of coeducation has been performed, so as to identify the messages and values that everyday images transmit and to give free and critical answers by means of artistic initiatives.","Lan honek ikusizko kulturak neska zein mutilen genero estereotipoen eraketan duen eragina aztertzea du helburu. Halaber, gizarte honetan ikusizko hizkuntza eta kulturak duen boterea nabarmendu nahi da, haurren munduarekiko begirada moldeatzeko gaitasun handia baitu. Jaiotzen garenetik genero estereotipoak begietatik sartzen zaizkigu gure izaera eta itxaropenak mugatuz. Haurrengan duten eragina ezagutzeko, marko teorikoa osatu ondoren, Barakaldon kokatuta dagoen ikastetxe1 bateko Haur Hezkuntzako egoera aztertu da. Azkenik, eguneroko irudiek transmititzen dituzten mezuak eta baloreak identifikatzen ikasteko eta horiei ekimen artistikoen bitartez erantzun askeak eta kritikoak emateko, hezkidetzaren aldeko proposamen artistikoa burutu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54024,2021-11-23,"Renewable energies are clean, inexhaustible and increasingly competitive sources of energy. They differ from fossil fuels mainly because of their diversity, abundance and potential for use anywhere on the planet, but most importantly, they do not produce greenhouse gases or pollutant emissions, the main cause of climate change [1]. In this context, the main objective of this work is to develop a tool for the design of mini-hydroelectric power plants, which allows to study the profitability and hydraulic potential of any power plant, based on its characteristic parameters. Once the calculator has been developed, the aim is to analyse the potential and profitability of an existing plant under normal circumstances, and to be able to draw conclusions on the similarity of the calculations using the tool with the real ones. The conclusions of this work show that mini-hydro power is a technology still under development with great potential, with a wide range of technological possibilities yet to be discovered. It should be further deployed in the self-consumption sector, helping to achieve a green and more sustainable city model thanks to the generation of clean energy and the reduction of energy losses in transport.","Energia berriztagarriak energia-iturri garbiak, agortezinak eta gero eta lehiakorragoak dira. Erregai fosiletatik bereizten dira, batez ere, dibertsitateagatik, ugaritasunagatik eta planetako edozein lekutan erabiltzeko potentzialagatik, baina garrantzitsuena da ez dutela berotegi-efektuko gasik sortzen, ezta emisio kutsatzailerik ere, klima-aldaketaren arrazoi nagusia baita [1]. Testuinguru horretan, lan honen helburu nagusia zentral mini hidraulikoak diseinatzeko tresna bat egitea da, edozein zentralen errentagarritasuna eta potentzial hidraulikoa aztertu ahal izateko, haren parametro bereizgarrietan oinarrituta. Kalkulagailua garatu ondoren, egoera normaletan dagoen zentral baten potentziala eta errentagarritasuna aztertu nahi da, eta kalkuluen antzekotasunari buruzko ondorioak atera, tresnaren eta errealen bidez. Lan honen ondorioek erakusten dute energia mini hidraulikoa oraindik garatzen ari den teknologia bat dela, potentzial handikoa, eta aukera teknologiko ugari dituela oraindik deskubritzeko. Hori gehiago hedatu behar da autokontsumoaren sektorean, hiri-eredu berde eta iraunkorragoa lortzen lagunduz, energia garbia sortzeari eta garraioan energia-galerak murrizteari esker." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19336,2016-10-19,"The aim of this project is to carry out de design of a five axis machining machine as a final degree project for the student Ander del Rio. This is going to be directed by the professor Francisco Javier Campa and it will contain two parts. The first one will consist in making the study of the art, which means studying the machining, studying the machines that carry out this processes and making a research on the situation of the market according to them. The second part will consist in making the design of the machining center taking into account all the knowledge obtained in the previous part so that it is efficient and provides novelty to the market.","Bost ardatz dituen mekanizazio makina bat diseinatu egin nahi da Ander del Rio ikaslearen Gradu Amaierako Lana modura. Proiektu hau Franciasko Javier Campa irakaslea zuzendu egingo du eta bi zati izango ditu. lehenengoan artearen ikasketa bat egingo da, honek esan nahi du mekanizazioa ikertu egingo dela, mekanizazioa egiten duten makinak ikertu egingo direla eta mekanizazioaren egoera merkatuan. Bigarren zatian mekanizazio zentruaren diseinua egingo da lehenengoko fasean eskuratutako jakintza erabiliz, eraginkorra eta merkatuarentzako berria den makina bat diseinatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23199,2017-07,"This project is aimed at studying and understanding the magnetic systems of a fusion reactor. For the research, a number of alternatives to the problem of plasma magnetic confinement will be proposed and then analyzed in order to find out the most complete solution possible. Our solution will coincide with the one reached for the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) reactor, which will be taken as a starting point for deeper research. This will provide a complete overview of the magnetic systems of a fusion reactor, which will permit their thorough understanding.","Proiektu honen helburua fusio erreaktore baten sistema magnetikoak aztertzea eta ulertzea da. Azterketa hau egiteko, hautabide batzuk planteatuko dira. Hautabide hauek analizatuko dira plasma konfinamendu magnetikoaren arazoarentzako soluzio bat aurkitzeko. Irtenbide hau, ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) erreaktorean hautatu den soluzio berbera izango da, eta horrela, gai izango gara soluzioan sakontzen. Honek, ulergarria bihurtuko du fusio erreaktorearen sistema magnetikoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50958,2021-04-15,"This research goes over the type of relationships that children currently have and the importance of language in those relationships. In order to carry out this research, a classroom of four-year-old children was analyzed. Two research tools have been used for this purpose: on one hand, the diary and on the other, the interview with the classroom tutor. In this work, we deduce the need to reconvert power relations to boost conviviality, transferring them to the horizontal. On the other hand, it has been seen that is necessary to disempower the power that a language may have so that no one is above anyone because they know a language. In this way, each language will be given its rightful place and will not be abrogated in relation to the others. Therefore, everyone who has power will have to give up that power to make conviviality more dynamic.","Ikerketa honetan, gaur egun haurrek zein motatako harremanak dituzten eta harreman horietan hizkuntzak zer-nolako garrantzia duen aztertzen da. Ikerketa gauzatzeko 4 urteko haurren gela bat aztertu da. Horretarako, bi ikerketa-tresna erabili dira: alde batetik, egunerokoa eta bestetik, gelako tutoreari egindako elkarrizketa. Lan honetatik ondoriozta dezakegu bizikidetza dinamizatzeko botere- harremanak birmoldatu egin behar direla, horizontalera eramanez. Bestetik, hizkuntzak izan dezakeen boterea jabegabetu behar dela ikusi da, hizkuntza bat jakiteagatik inor inoren gainetik egon ez dadin. Modu honetan, hizkuntza bakoitzari dagokion lekua emango zaio eta besteen aurrean ez da indargabetuko. Beraz, boterea duen orok botere horri uko egin beharko dio bizikidetza dinamizatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19487,2016-11-07,"Technology has become an essential part of human live and it is improving continuously. Some years ago was inconceivable that plastic utensils could be made at home, but it is just about to happen. 3D printers have just appeared on the market and they are stirring it up. From the mechanical point of view, the construction of a printer like this is not a difficult part since there are already a lot of models. The software is Arduino, public domain software, and because of that, changes can be done on it. Taking this last part into account, some improvements will be done on the 3D printer.","Gaur egun teknologia gizakiarentzako funtsezko gaia bihurtu da eta etengabeko hobekuntzak pairatzen ari da. Orain dela urte batzuk pentsaezina zen plastikozko tresnak eta piezak etxean sortu ahal izatea, baina gertatzear dago. 3D inprimagailuak merkatuan agertu berriak dira eta jada merkatua iraultzen ari dira. Mekanikaren ikuspuntutik, 3D inprimagailuaren eraikuntza sinplea da, zeren eta modelo asko daude jadanik. Erabilitako softwarea Arduino da, jabari publikoko softwarea eta hori dela eta aldaketak egin ahal zaizkio. Azken atal hau kontutan hartuz, 3D inprimagailuan hobekuntzak burutuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26285,1994-12,"After collecting information about the present population movements, it is reflect about the sociological, penal and victimological problems, without omiting the religious ones. Likewise it is consider the preventive, restorer and reconciliatory causes and solutions.","Gaurko biztanlego mugimenduei buruzko informazioa bildu ondoren, gizarte, penal eta biktimologiko arazoei buruz hausnartu egiten da, erlijiozko arazoak baztertu gabe. Badaezpadako, berritzaile, eta elkartzaile zergati eta askabideak kontutan hartzen dira baita ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50733,2021-03-22,"The aim of this Final Degree Project has been to respond to the need of Ramón Bajo School in Vitoria-Gasteiz through the Learning and Service (ApS, for its initials in Spanish) methodology. The ApS methodology combines two important elements: learning and service, so in addition to academic training, it allows educating people as citizens of the future. Also, through this project aspects of experimentation have been addressed to answer Ramón Bajo need. In this sense, this project offers a concrete proposal for intervention addressed to the second cycle of Early Childhood Education, specifically, the design of a experimentation space and a guided activity, which give the opportunity to put them into practice in the future. Furthermore, the intention purpose of both activities will be working on the topic of the air and orality and the use of Basque.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen xede nagusia Gasteizko Ramon Bajo ikastetxearen beharrari erantzutea izan da eta horretarako, ikaskuntza-zerbitzua (I+Z) metodologia erabili da. I+Z metodologiak bi elementu garrantzitsu bateratzen ditu, hain zuzen, ikaskuntza eta zerbitzua, beraz, formazio akademikoaz gain, pertsonak etorkizuneko hiritar bezala heztea ahalbidetzen du. Horrez gain, lan honen bitartez esperimentazioaren alderdiak jorratu dira, Ramon Bajoko beharrari erantzuna emate aldera. Ildo horretatik jarraituz, GrAL honek Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren ziklora bideratutako esku-hartze proposamen zehatza eskaintzen du, aurrerantzean praktikan jartzeko aukera ematen duena, alegia, airearen gaia lantzeko xedea duten eta ahozkotasunari eta euskarari garrantzia ematea helburu duten esperimentazio txokoaren eta ekoizpen jardueraren diseinua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27293,1997,"This text displays the french politics of care for victims and their difficult to know and to use their rights; it shows that victim’s assistance services favour a best social mobilization. The penal mediation, dedicated to find a solution of the conflict between victim and offender, allowes the damage reparation, the responsabilisation and reinsertation of offender and the social reconstruccion.","Frantziako politikak biktimei laguntzeko dituen neurriak azaltzen dira, bai eta biktimek neurri horiek ezagutzeko eta erabiltzeko dituzten zailtasunak eta biktimei laguntzeko zerbitzuetatik gizarte-mobilizazio egokiagoa bultzatzeko egiten den lana ere. Bitartekotza penala biktimaren eta gaizkilearen arteko gatazkari konponbidea aurkitzera bideratzen da, eta kalteak ordaintzen, kalteak eragin dituenaren erantzukizuna eta bergizarteraketa lortzen eta gizartearen egitura berreraikitzen laguntzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54623,2021-12-22,"This end-of-degree work presents the conceptual design of a utility scale photovoltaic solar generation plant in Badajoz, specifically a 22,032MWp one. Therefore a very advantageous location has been selected with little North-South slope, which makes it suitable for installing trackers and thus maximize captured solar energy. Furthermore the uniformity of the terrain makes the installation of central inverters most convenient and its consistency allows the structures of the trackers to be directly rammed, being this the most inexpensive and beneficial way of doing it. The solar resource is very favourable with an energy production per year according to PVSYST of 43.920 MWh and a specific production of 1.993 kWh/kWp/year, reaching a 84% Performance Ratio of the plant according also to PVSYST, which implies a very profitable amount in terms of generated energy. All the above makes the location unbeatable.","Gradu-amaierako lan honetan Badajozen utility eskala sortzeko eguzki-instalazio fotovoltaikoa diseinatu da, zehazki 22,032MWp-koa. Horretarako, oso kokapen onuragarria aukeratu da, iparraldetik hegoalderako malda gutxikoa, eta horrek oso egokia egiten du jarraitzaileak instalatzeko eta, hartara, eguzki-energia maximizatzeko. Gainera, lurraren erregulartasunari esker, inbertsore zentrala erabiltzea da irtenbiderik egokiena, eta haren kalitateak zuzenean handitutako egitura instalatzea ahalbidetzen du, hori baita aukerarik onuragarriena eta merkeena. Eguzki-baliabidea oso ona eta egokia da. PVSYSTren arabera, 43.920 MWh/urte energia ekoizten da, eta 1.993 kWh/kWp/urte ekoizten da. Instalazioak Performance Ratioa lortzen du, PVSYSTen arabera ere, %84, eta horrek balio errentagarria eta onuragarria ematen du sortutako energiari dagokionez. Horregatik guztiagatik, kokalekua ezin hobea dela frogatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24267,2017-09,"Nowadays, autonomously working systems and specially autonomous pilots for cars are one of the most relevant innovation areas relative to system automatization and automatic engineering fields. It is also one of the greatest challenges due to the big amount of variables that they need to process in real time. In the project presented in this paper, a first approach is made to the development of an autonomously working pilot by designing the algorithms and protocols that help a LEGO® robot to operate without requiring human supervision. The main objective of this work is to develop a software suitable for various applications outside the road network, such as indoor routes in industrial warehouses. Even though the developed software will not be suitable to use in the road network, in regards to the future, firts steps for the development of a real autonomously guided vehicle will be made.","Gaur egun, era autonomoan jarduteko gai diren sistemen garapena , bereziki ibilgailuen gidatze sistemetan aplikagarri direnak, ingeniaritza automatikoarekin lotutako ikerkuntza eta berrikuntza arlorik interesgarrienetarikoa da. Aldi berean, erronkarik handienetarikoa ere bada, kontuan hartu behar dituen aldagai kopuru handia eta denbora errealeko prozesamenduak dakartzan zailtasunak direla eta. Dokumentu honetan aurkezten den proiektuan, ibilgailu erreal baten gidari autonomo baten diseinu eta inplementazioari lehen hurbilpen bat egiten zaio, LEGO® errobot bati giza begiraletzarik gabe jarduteko gaitasuna emango dioten zenbait algoritmo eta protokolo garatuz. Lan honen azken errepideetatik at hainbat aplikazio desberdinetan erabilgarri izan daitekeen software bat diseinatzea da eta, gerora begira, benetako ibilgailu baten aplikagarri izan daitekeen software baten lehen pausuak emanda izatea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29258,2018-10-23,"In this project the sizing of the collector area and the volume of accumulation of a solar thermal system is developed for the supply of HSW of a single-family house of four members in Madrid. At the same time, an analysis of the behavior of the installation for different catchment areas is presented, and displays the properties of the system according to different criteria of dimensioning. The sizing of the collection system has been done following the F-Chart method. Besides, with the accumulation tank a table of calculation has been created which shows an approximation of the temperatures of the tank throughout the day. The required volume has been obtained by the basic equations of power.","Aurkezten den proiektuan hartze-azaleraren dimentsionamendua eta eguzki-sistema termiko baten bolumenaren metakea garatzen da. Ur bero sanitarioa hornitzeko egiten da eta Madrilen kokatutako lau kideko etxebizitza familiabakar batean oinarrituta dago. Aldiz, hartze-alor desberdinetarako instalazioaren portaeraren analisia azaltzen da eta sistemaren ezaugarriak erakusten dira, dimentsionamendu-irizpide desberdinei erantzuna emanez. Hartze-sistemaren dimentsionamendua F-Chart metodo ezagunari jarraituz egin da. Metaketa-gordailuarekin ordea, kalkulu-taula bat garatu da, gordailuaren tenperaturen hurbilketa egunean zehar erakusten duenak. Beharrezko bolumena energiaren oinarrizko formulak erabiliz lortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75406,2025-11-05,"Earned Value Management (EVM) is an established methodology for integrating cost, schedule, and scope in project performance analysis. Through indicators such as the Cost Performance Index (CPI) and the Schedule Performance Index (SPI), it enables real-time assessment of project status. However, traditional EVM techniques offer limited predictive capacity, as they rely on cumulative data that do not forecast future trends reliably. This research explores the application of time series forecasting techniques to enhance the predictive power of EVM indicators. Classical statistical models such as ARIMA and machine learning algorithms like Random Forest and Ridge are implemented using recursive, direct, and exogenous-variable configurations. The models are trained and validated using real historical data from a semi-urban road reconstruction project. The study evaluates the accuracy of each approach and demonstrates the added value of modern predictive methods for project control. Based on the findings, methodological recommendations are proposed to facilitate replication in other project environments, even with reduced data availability.","Lortutako Balioaren Kudeaketa (Earned Value Management, EVM) funtsezko metodologia bihurtu da proiektuen esparrua, kostua eta egutegia integratzeko eta haien errendimendua ebaluatzeko. CPI (Kostuaren Errendimenduaren Indizea) eta SPI (Egutegiaren Errendimenduaren Indizea) bezalako adierazleak erabiliz, proiektuaren egoera denbora errealean aztertzea ahalbidetzen du. Hala ere, EVM-k aurreikuspenetan dituen mugak nabarmenak dira, balio metatuetan oinarritzen delako eta etorkizuneko portaera iragartzeko gaitasun mugatua duelako. Lan honetan, denbora-serieetan oinarritutako aurreikuspen-teknikak aztertzen dira EVM-ren adierazle nagusien bilakaera aurreikusteko. ARIMA bezalako eredu estatistiko klasikoak eta ikaskuntza automatikoko algoritmoak (Random Forest eta Ridge, besteak beste) aplikatu dira konfigurazio desberdinetan (errekurtsiboa, zuzena eta kanpoko aldagaiak erabiliz). Ereduak benetako datuekin entrenatu eta balidatu dira, hiri-ingurune batean egindako errepide berreraikitze proiektu batean oinarrituta. Emaitzek iradokitzen dute teknika horiek erabilgarriak izan daitezkeela proiektuen kudeaketan aurreikuspen-gaitasuna hobetzeko. Gainera, beste testuinguru batzuetarako aplikazio metodologikoari buruzko gomendioak proposatzen dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37098,2019-12-19,"The study will be focus on Laser Metal Deposition process, also known as Laser Cladding, which uses the laser as a heat source to deposit a thin layer of metal on a moving substrate. In the current market it arouses great interest thanks to the fact that it facilitates the manufacture of metal parts with complex geometries, the repair of pieces of high added value and surface coatings. Although Laser Metal Deposition clearly offers an amount of advantages over conventional manufacturing technologies, the process can also have some drawbacks. Due to the perturbations in the process, the quality of the contribution can vary significantly making it an unstable process. In order to optimize the process, measurement sensors will be used, more specifically of temperature. The measured values obtained in real time will allow the control over one of the most relevant parameters involved in the process, the laser power. This fact will be possible thanks to the development of a closed control system that will be in charge of its adjustments.",". Azterketa fabrikazio gehigarriaren arloan zentratuko da, Laser Claddingizenez ere ezaguna, prozesu honek laserra bero-iturri gisa erabiltzen du substratu mugikor batean metalezko geruza fin bat uzteko. Egungo merkatuan interes handia pizten du geometria konplexuak dituzten pieza metalikoak fabrikatzea, balio erantsi handiko piezak eta gainazal estaldurak konpontzea errazten dituelako. Naiz eta fabrikazio gehigarriak hainbat abantaila eskaini teknologiakonbentzionalen aldean, prozesuak desabantailak izan ditzake. Prozesuan zehar azaldutakoperturbazioak direla-eta, gehiketaren kalitatea asko alda daiteke prozesu ezegonkorra bihurtuz. Optimizatzeko neurri-sentsoreak erabiliko dira, zehazki tenperaturakoak. Denbora errealeanlortutako neurriek, prozesuaren parametro garrantzitsuenetako bat kontrolatzea ahalbidetuko dute, hau da, laserraren potentzia. Hori kontrol itxiko sistemaren garapenari esker posible izango da, bere erregulazioaz arduratuko dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23315,2017-09,"Ligaments are the fibrous connective tissues that connect bones with each other and generally their function is to join structures and keep them stable, that is why their proper functionality is fundamental. During the last decades a new method consisting of building artificial support structures for the regeneration of ligaments and other tissues has been developed. Last trends in the three dimensional (3D) fabrication of scaffolds for ligament tissue regeneration will be analyzed in this review, with special attention to the utilized materials, the specific technics used and the different characteristics that scaffolds possess.","Ligamenduak, hezurrak beste hezurrekin lotzen dituzten zuntzez egindako ehun konektiboak dira, beraien helburua egiturak lotzea eta mantentzea izanda. Azkenengo hamarkadetan euskarri artifizialak eraikiz, ligamenduak eta beste ehun batzuk birsortzeko balio duen metodo berri bat garatu egin da. Berrikuspen bibliografiko honetan, ligamenduak birsortzeko hiru dimentsioko (3D) teknikak erabilita eraikitzen diren euskarri zelularren azken joerak aztertuko dira, arreta berezia emango zaio erabilitako materialei, erabilitako teknika zehatzei eta euskarri desberdinek aurkezten dituzten ezaugarrie." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25013,2007,"Women’s immigration is a significant phenomenon in our country: women of diverse nationalities, religions and cultures are the protagonists of their own migratory project. They are entrepreneur but also vulnerable women, victims of social stereotypes and prejudices, victims of a foreigners’ Law that makes them more vulnerable, and also victims of crimes against their fundamental rights and liberties, doubly discriminated, subordinate and subjected to different forms of violence. Faced with this reality, we need an effective and overall response from social institutions and agents, in order to promote gender equality and to guarantee the respect to women’s rights.","Emakume inmigrazioa esanguratsua da gure lurraldean. Kultura, erlijio eta naziotasun ezberdineko emakumeak, beren proiektu migratzailearen protagonista dira. Ekintzaileak dira baina baita kalteberak ere, biktima, ez soilik harrera egiten dien gizartearen eta atzerritarrei buruzko legearen estereotipo eta aurreritziekin, baizik eta beraien oinarrizko eskubide eta askatasunen kontrako delituekin, era bikoitzean baztertuak, menpekotuak, eta biolentzia mota ezberdinetara oinperatuak. Errealitate honen aurrean, emakume guztien eskubideak errespetatzeko eta genero berdintasuna sustatzeko, beharrezkoa da erakunde eta gizarte eragile guztien erantzun bateratua eta eraginkorra." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30313,2018-12-12,"Abstract English During my cadetship period I identified feasible improvements regarding the management of activities carried out on board. To this effect, the way of managing all the tasks is studied: a software based on the program CMMS (Computerized maintenance management system), commonly used by maintenance enterprises and institutions with self-management autonomy. To that end, the decision of developing a database with Access is both analysed and discussed. Furthermore, a functional study of the application is carried out as it might be programmed and installed on board instead of an ordinary commercial CMMS application, due to its simplicity, adaptation capability and autonomy. The result consists of a planning tool for the vessel’s crew by which it is accomplished a better labour organization and, consequently, a better working performance.","Laburpena Euskaraz Nire praktiketan zehar itsasontzietan egiten diren lanaren gestioan hobekuntza aukerak aurkitu nituen. Horretarako, eta Ordenagailuz Lagundutako Mantentzearen Gestio (GMAO, Gestión del Mantenimiento Asistido por Ordenador) programa batean oinarrituta, hau da, mantentze-zerbitzu enpresa edota enpresa eta gestio autonomoa izateko gai diren erakundeengandik tipikoki erabilia izan den programa batean oinarrituta, itsasontziko ekintza guztiak gestionatzeko era bat aztertzen da lan honetan. Horretarako GMAO komertzial baten edota software propio baten aukerak aztertuz, bere sinpletasuna, autonomia eta egokitzeko gaitasuna dela medio Access bitartez datu-base bat eta aplikazioaren analisi funtzionala egitea justifikatzen da, ondoren programatzaile batek eraikitzea baimentzen duelako. Emaitza eskifaiarentzako plangintza tresna bat da, antolakuntzan, eta ondorioz errendimenduan hobekuntzak lortzen dituena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58272,2022-11-07,"This research work focuses on the psycho-legal analysis of pregnancy denial disorder and its link to the crime of filicide. More specifically, it deals with the study of women who end the lives of their offspring as a result of suffering from this psychopathology. To do this, firstly, an approach is made to the crime known as filicide. The different existing classifications are detailed, the characteristics of those who commit it are identified and the most prevalent psychological disorders among the aggressors are determined. Next, the main elements of the disorders of denial of pregnancy, concealment, psychotic denial and non-psychotic or dissociative denial are described from a criminological perspective, based on illustrative cases. Within the disorder of non-psychotic or dissociative denial of pregnancy, we proceed to specify what a dissociative process consists of, specifying the profile of the women who suffer from it and its consequences for the mother and the baby. At the same time, emphasis is placed on the criminal legislation linked to the crime of filicide, imputability and security measures, based on the 1995 Penal Code. In addition, two cases of non-psychotic or dissociative denial of pregnancy are included. In the first case, the mother is convicted as criminally responsible for the crime of neonaticide, while in the second case, the suffering of a psychiatric disorder is recognised.","Ikerketa lan hau haurdunaldia ukatzeko nahasmenduaren azterketa psikojuridikoan eta horrek filizidio-delituarekin duen loturan zentratzen da. Zehazkiago, psikopatologia horren ondorioz beren ondorengoak hiltzen dituzten emakumeak aztertzen dira. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, filizidio izenez ezagutzen den krimenaren hurbilketa egiten da. Dauden sailkapenak zehazten dira, sailkapena egiten dutenen ezaugarriak identifikatzen dira eta erasotzaileen artean prebalentzia handiena duten alterazio psikikoak zehazten dira. Jarraian, haurdunaldia ukatzeko nahasmenduen, ezkutatzearen, ukazio psikotikoaren eta ukazio ez-psikotiko edo disoziatiboaren elementu nagusiak deskribatzen dira, ikuspegi kriminologiko batetik, kasu argigarrietatik abiatuta. Haurdunaldiaren ukazio ez-psikotiko edo disoziatiboaren nahasmenduaren barruan, prozesu disoziatibo bat zertan datzan zehazten da, hura jasaten duten emakumeen profila eta horrek amarengan eta haurrarengan dituen ondorioak zehazten dira. Era berean, filizidio-delituari, egozgarritasunari eta segurtasun-neurriei lotutako legeria penala azpimarratzen da, 1995eko Zigor Kodea oinarri hartuta. Gainera, haurdunaldiaren ukapen ez-psikotiko edo disoziatiboko bi kasu sartzen dira. Lehenengoan, neonatizidio-delitu baten erantzule penal gisa kondenatzen dute ama, eta bigarrenean, berriz, desordena psikikoa aitortzen zaio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25508,1997,"Such as it was possible to observe during the Symposium located in Amsterdam in august of 1997, the Worldwide Society of Victimology has reached a renovated impulse with the incorporation of new participants. During the passage of that international meeting, besides the classical questions of victimology, it has been promoted the realization of particular activities, through committees, such as the investigation in this field, showing the positives results of the accomplished works.","Biktimologiaren Munduko Elkarteak indar berriak jaso ditu partaide berriak bertaratu direnean eta hori argi ikusi da 1997ko abuztuan Amsterdam-en egin den simposiumean. Nazioarte mailako bilera honetan, Biktimologiaren alorreko arazo klasikoak azaleratu ezezik, zenbait jarduera burutzea sustatu da, hala nola, batzordeak eratu eta alorrean ikerketak egitea, gero egin diren lan horien emaitza positiboak hedatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25004,2007,"Penal Code was reformed to face the “broadcasting piracy”, penalizing as a crime some behaviours not very serious, that could be considered just as civil illicit or simple misdemeanours. The experience shows that although the collective interests have to be necessarily protected, all this must be always subjected to a strict control. Thus, it is appropriate to reaffirm the relevance of the penal Law principles, perhaps old principles but in any way obsolete, as the unique way to prevent the repressive excesses, principles that lead to propose the immediate reform of article 286 CP.","Irratidifusioko zerbitzuen pirateriaren kontra egiteko Zigor Kodea berritu zen, delitu bezala zigortuz, zibil arloko zilegitasun ezaren ertzetik ateratzen dena eta falta penal moduan kontsideratu beharko lirateke. Nahiz eta esperientziak azaldu nahitaezkoa dela interes kolektiboak Zuzenbide Estatuak babestea, kontrol zorrotzarean pean egitekoa da. Aitortu beharrekoa da Zuzenbide Penalaren printzipio mugatzaileen indarraldia, printzipio zaharrak baina ez zaharkituak, hauek baitira gehiegizko errepresioa galarazteko bakarrak eta honen bidez proposatzen bait da ZK 286 artikuluaren berehalako aldaketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60050,2023-02-22,"English: In this master's thesis an experimental method is developed to measure diffusivity and, in the future, detect cracks with a moving laser spot, which can scan the surface of the sample and probe different regions, with the aim of obtaining experimental results of diffusivity measurements in different materials. For this purpose, the flying spot method, which is a non- destructive test, has been used. To understand how the experiment was carried out, thermography in general is first discussed and then focus on the flying spot method. After that, there is a theoretical section specific to this method to demonstrate where the equations used to calculate the diffusivity value come from. There is also a description of the equipment used, as well as its operation and limitations. Then, the results obtained are presented and discussed and the work concludes with a summary and future work in this.","Euskera Master-amaierako lan honetan, difusibitatea neurtzeko eta, etorkizunean, laser-puntu mugikor batekin pitzadurak detektatzeko metodo esperimental bat garatzen da. Pitzadura horiek laginaren azalera eskaneatu eta zenbait eskualde zundatu ditzakete, hainbat materialetako difusibitate-neurrien emaitza esperimentalak lortzeko. Horretarako, flying spot metodoa erabili da, saiakuntza ez-suntsitzailea. Esperimentua nola egin den ulertzeko, lehenbizi termografiaz hitz egiten da, oro har, eta, gero, flying spotaren metodoa aztertzen da. Ondoren, metodo horren atal teoriko espezifiko bat dago, difusibitatearen balioa kalkulatzeko erabilitako ekuazioak nondik datozen frogatzeko. Erabilitako ekipoa, funtzionamendua eta mugak ere deskribatzen dira. Ondoren, lortutako emaitzak aurkeztu eta eztabaidatu dira, eta lana amaitzeko, laburpen bat egin da, eta etorkizuneko lanak egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16501,2015-12-17,"The purpose of this project is to apply the performance of different metaheuristic algorithms in order to solve routing problems in different networks. For this analysis, the chosen algorithms are Coral Reefss Optimization and Firefly Algorithm. Each algorithm, as well as the comparison programme, will be programmed using Python language. In this way, each algorithm’s solving performance will be analysed based on ability to get a viable path between the source and destination nodes of a randomly created network, fulfilling the specified constraints. Consequently, each algorithms capacity will be considered and which the most suitable is will be decided.","Proiektu honen helburua sare ezberdinetan algoritmo metaheuristikoen erabileraren bitartez bideratze arazoak ebaztea eta aztertzea da. Helburu honetarako erabiliko diren algoritmoak Coral Reefs Optimization eta Firefly Algorithm dira. Bi algoritmoak Python erabiliz inplementatuko dira, baita sareak simulatzen dituen programa ere. Modu honetan, algoritmo bakoitzaren gaitasuna aztertuko da sareko bi punturen arteko bide bideragarri bat, zeinek ezarritako murrizketak betetzen dituen, aurkitzeko; prozesu hau ausaz sortutako simulatutako sare batean oinarrituz garatuko da. Honen bitartez, arazo honen ebazpenerako algoritmo bakoitza egokia den eta bietariko zein den egokiena ondorioztatu ahalko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14524,2014-09-09T09:11:46Z,"The aim of this work is the analysis of the demand for electricity by families of the Autonomous community of the Basque Country, get clear conclusions and explain them. To perform this analysis, we use statistical methods applied to economics, specifically econometric methods.","Lan honen helburua, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko energia elektrikoaren etxebizitzen eskaeraren analisia egitea da, eta azterketa honetatik ondorio zehatzak atera eta hauek azaltzea. Azterketa hau egiteko, ekonomiari aplikaturiko metodo estatitistikoak erabiliko ditugu, konkretuki metodo ekonometrikoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26575,1994-12,"From international instruments, refugee's figure is studied as subject of rights, and the victimization situation he must suffer is analysed with a criminological reflexion.","Nazioarteko tresnetatik abiatuz, errefuxiatuaren irudia ikertzen da, zuzenbide pertsona bezala kontutan hartuz; halaber, kriminologiko gogoeta bat eginez, honek daukan biktimazio egoera atzertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54008,2021-11-23,"The purpose of this draft is to make a study of the wind resource for three different wind turbine technologies which are Siemens Gamesa SG170, General Electric GE158 and Vestas V162. The analysis consists first of selecting a site that may be of interest and complies distancing restrictions. Then follows a statistical analysis of wind resource. Micrositing study of the site for the hub height sets around 120 meters. It continues with the low cost design of the medium voltage grid for the technology option that offers the best energy calculate from the previous study. In the end, a mechanical check of the different main mechanical equipment with their technical specifications.","Dokumentu honen helburua Siemens Gamesa SG170, General Electric GE158 eta Vestas V162 diren hiru aerosorgailuen teknologiaren baliabide eolikoaren azterketa egitea da. Analisia interesgarria izan daitekeen eta ezarritako urruntze murriztapenak betetzen dituen gune bat hautatzean datza. Ondoren, baliabide eolikoaren analisi estatistiko deskribatzailean. Industrialdearen mikrositaketa azterketa, 120 metro inguruko zentroaren altuerarako. Ondoren, aurreko ikerketako energia aprobetxamendu onena eskaintzen duen teknologia aukerarako kostu ekonomiko txikiena suposatzen duen parke eolikoaren tentsio ertaineko sarearen diseinua. Eta, azkenik, ekipo mekaniko nagusien egiaztapen mekanikoa haien zehaztapen teknikoekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15066,2015-05-07,"This end of course project (ECP) deals with the simulated design and manufacturing of the top triple tree (motorcycle front end) of the motorcycle for the MotoStudent 2015 competition. The principle aims were to minimize costs, use state of the art manufacturing techniques, achieve efficient raw material use, minimize weight and optimize design. The starting point for the project was to establish the required qualities for a triple tree designed for this year’s entry. From these, the appropriate materials were selected taking into account their mechanical, physical and chemical properties. Two alternative manufacturing methods were compared to determine the best option; wire cut EDM and CNC milling machine. The project was to produce one design from which a working prototype could be produced for trials and subsequent modification as required. Therefore, production guidelines for the triple trees are clearly laid out, step by step, for the engineers who will actually manufacture the components of the competition motorcycle.","Lan hau egiteko tijek konpetiziozko motozikleta batean egiten duten funtzioa eta bere gaitasunak ezagutu behar dira. Gaitasun hauekkontutan hartuta, material onena hautatzen da material askoren artean, beraien propietate fisiko, kimiko eta mekanikoan aztertuta. Fabrikatzeko bi bideren arteko ikerketa egingo da, ondoren onena hautatzeko. Ideia ez da azkeneko diseinu bat egitea, baizik eta prototipo bategitea eta bertan dagozkion probakedota aldaketa eta hobekuntzak sustatzea etorkizun batean. Proiektu honek pautak jarriko ditu Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi EskolaTeknikoko, ETSIB hemendik aurrera, ikasleak hemendik aurrera tijak fabrikatzeko jarraituko duten prozesuan. Gradu amaierako lan hau, TFG hemendik aurrera, konpetiziozko motozikleta baten tijen fabrikazioaren analisian datza. Tijak modu egokian fabrikatu behar dira, bere materiala eta bere fabrikazioaren prozesua kontutan hartuta bere funtzioa modu onenean egiteko, eta gainera modu ekonomikoenean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26586,1987,"The social-educational instituton is presented to us as a complex, unsteady and paradoxical reality. The paradox in the working and in the constitution of the social-educational institution is here studied.","Gizarte-heziketarako instituzioa mugikorra, konplexua eta paradoxazkoa izaten da. Instituzio honen eraketa eta funtzionamenduan oinarriturik ikasten da paradoxa delakoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25636,1993,"The explaning causes of the resurgence of ethnoregional movements are presented as a phenomenon charasteristic of postmodernity challenging the nation-state. Moreover, its objectives. means and justifications are pointed, finishing with a study of possible alternatives to solve this difficult conflict responsible of so much violence.","Etno-herrialdeko mugimenduen berpizketaren zergati adierazkorrak azaltzen dira Estatunazioaren aurkako erakuspena bezala post-modernilatean gertatutakoa. Gainera, beraien helburu, bide eta zindotasunak adierazten dira, eta hainbeste indarkeri sortzen duen arazo zail honek konpontzeko aukera gertagarriak adieraziz bukatzen du egileak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14336,2015-02-04,"In this paper, the manufacturing process of seamless steel tubes is analyzed in the Factory of Tubos Reunidos Industrial in Amurrio. Furthermore, different alternatives are analyzed for each step of the process, so that their appropriateness will be evaluated. In the analysis, the characteristics of different equipment and processes used are described for each step of the whole process of manufacturing seamless steel tubes starting from scrap. Because of the importance of the quality and the environment in TRI`s strategy, a summary of the methods used in these areas is also provided in this paper.","Lan honen bitartez, soldarurarik gabeko altzairuzko tutuen fabrikazio prozesua aztertzen da Amurrioko Tubos Reunidos Industrial-eko fabrikan. Honetaz gain, gaur egungo teknologiak eskaintzen dituen aukeren hausnarketa ere egiten da, TRI-ko prozesua hobetzeko asmoarekin. Horretarako errepaso sakona egiten zaio erabilitako prozesuari eta makinei, altzairuzko txatarra jasotzen den momentutik kalitate goreneto tutuak lortzen diren arte. Era beran, kalitateak eta ingurumenak TRI-ren etorkizuneko estrategian duten garrantzia dela eta, eurei ere eskaintzen zaie atal bat lan honetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47698,2020-11-04,"English: The spectroscopy technique applied to planetary atmospheres allows us to gain a lot of knowledge about them. In particular, focusing our studies on the visible and near IR range of the reflected spectra we are able to characterize their vertical compound profile, including the clouds and hazes present. Additionally, from the thermal spectra the vertical temperature profile can be inferred for some atmospheric levels, depending on the sounded frequencies. One of the tools that allows these analysis is the Planetary Spectrum Generator of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The purpose of this project is to implement its API (Application Program Interface) in a Python code to call the packages within PSG from a local server. The code has been written per modules in such a way that it is extensible for any physical scenario that takes place in the atmospheres, provided that PSG is able to fit it. This applies not only to the Solar System's atmospheres, but also to extrasolar planets. Various scenarios have been examined with this method in order to assess the sensibility and potential of the performance.","Euskera: Espektroskopiaren bitartez, informazio ugari lortu daiteke planeten atmosferei buruz. Bereziki, erreflexatutako espektroaren ikusgai eta infragorri tarteak behatuz, atmosferaren konposatuen kokapen bertikala bereizi daiteke, hodei eta guzti. Bestalde, espektro termikoak atmosferaren maila bertikal ezberdinen tenperatura inferitzea ahalbidetzen du, frekuentzia tartearen arabera. Guzti hau lortzeko eskuragarri dagoen erreminta bat NASA Goddard Space Flight Center-en Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) da. Lan honen koska, bere API (Application Program Interface) Python-en inplementatzea izan da, bere kodeari eta inbertsio tresnei modu lokalean deitu ahal izateko. Idatzitako kodea moldakorra izan dezan blokeetan antolatu da. Era honetan atmosferetako edozein problema fisikori aurre egiteko gai da. Metodo hau fenomeno ugari ikertzeko erabili da, bere sentsibilitate eta ahalmena balioztatzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26544,1987,"The Law Proposed Proposal (Preliminary Plan) here presented, prepared by assignment of the Basque Government add from a global approach is willing to hep mostly in prevention and social sensibility about the drogaddition phenomenon. Since is a test due to be presented in the Basque Parlament, there is no need of penal intervention (administration sanctions not included). Therefore setting the basis to allow an efficient institutional work in this field by the Autonomous Administration.","Eusko Jaurlaritzaren aginduak prestatua aurkezturiko Aurreprojektu-Proposamena drogadependentziaren gaineko prebentzioa eta gizarte-kontzientziakuntzarako sortu da, ikuspen osoa ean nahi izanik. Eusko Legebiltzarrean aurkezteko textua denez gero, eskunartze penalik gabekoa da (Administraziozko zehapenak mantendurik); eta behar bezalako oinarriak jarriz Administrazio Autonomikoak lan instituzional eraginkorra egin dezan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69478,2024-07-01,"Linking the stable classrooms with reality continues being a challenge for inclusive education. For this reason, this Final Degree Project addresses the collaboration between a stable classroom with five students with autism and a neighborhood store, using the service-learning methodology. After a theoretical review on autism, stable classrooms and the methodology applied, the students made business cards for the local store. Subsequently, a diary was used to collect the most significant results of the project, finally, evidencing the positive impact on students by connecting learning with real situations.","Gela egonkorrak errealitatearekin lotzea erronka izaten jarraitzen du hezkuntza inklusiborako. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek autismoa duten gela egonkor bateko bost ikasleren eta auzoko denda baten arteko lankidetza uztartzen du ikaskuntza-zerbitzu metodologia erabiliz. Autismoari, gela egonkorrei eta aplikatutako metodologiari buruzko azterketa teoriko baten ondoren, ikasleek tokiko dendarako bisita-txartelak egin zituzten. Ondoren, eguneroko bat erabili zen proiektuaren emaitzarik esanguratsuenak jasotzeko, azkenik, agerian utziz ikaskuntza egoera errealekin konektatzeak ikasleengan eragin positiboa duela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59999,2023-02-20,"This Final Degree Project focuses on writing, empathy, assertiveness and self-concept. In other words, its main aim is to research the influence that writing can have on these three features. Although it is true that it can provide multiple benefits, the habit of personal writing in Primary Education is almost invisible. Therefore, an attempt will be made to give writing the mention and importance it deserves, linking theoretical information on this topic with the responses of the survey conducted. The above-mentioned research has been carried out among 199 different people. Indeed, the benefits of encouraging the habit of writing from Primary School onwards will be discussed in order to develop awareness of such subject.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, idazketa, enpatia, asertibitatea eta autokontzeptua ditu ardatz. Hau da, idazketak hiru ezaugarri hauetan izan dezakeen eragina ikertzea du helburu. Izan ere, idazketa pertsonalerako ohitura ia ikusezina da Lehen Hezkuntzan, nahiz eta onura anitzak ekar ditzakeen. Horretarako, gai honen inguruko informazio teorikoa eta burututako ikerketa mistoa elkarlotuz, idazketari merezi duen aipamena eta zor zaion garrantzia eskaintzea da asmoa. Aipatutako ikerketa 199 pertsona ezberdinen bitartez burutu da. Hain zuzen ere, idazteko ohitura Lehen Hezkuntzatik sustatzeak dituen onurak mahaigaineratzen dira, gaiaren inguruko kontzientzia garatzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27328,1997,"Starting from a presentation of the social and legal situation of natives in Columbian, the human rights acknowledgement to these communities and their effective pledge’s need are commented in this text. Their problem as passive subject of crime and discrimination on penal system is likewise commented.","Kolonbian bizi diren indigenen gizarte eta lege egoeraren aurkezpenean oinarrituz, komunitate horiek behar dituzten giza eskubideen aitormena eta eskubideok betetzeko bermea komentatzen da. Komunitate horrek, sistema penalarekin izan dituen kontaktoetan bereizkeria jasan du, eta bereizkeria horren sujeto pasiboa izan da. Egoera horrek sortzen dituen arazoak ere aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62901,2023-07-03,"The aim of this Final Degree Project is to propose an intervention programme for people who, having been sentenced to imprisonment for crimes against animals, have their sentence suspended on condition that they participate in an educational programme. Through a review of the existing scientific literature, statistical data and interviews with experts, the most significant aspects of a phenomenon or social problem that is becoming more and more important due to the social awareness and seriousness of the issue are collected. The proposed programme consists of 22 sessions distributed in 5 modules through which the aim is to educate in aspects such as animal welfare, the development of personal skills and taking responsibility, among others. This programme is presented as an essential tool for the rehabilitation and re-education of people who have mistreated or committed crimes against animals, thus contributing to the prevention of future crimes and promoting the welfare and protection of animals in society.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bitartez, esku-hartze programa bat proposatu nahi da, animalien aurkako delituengatik espetxealdi-zigorra ezarri zaien eta programa hezigarri batean parte hartzen duten pertsonentzat. Gaur egungo literatura zientifikoa, datu estatistikoak eta adituei egindako elkarrizketak aztertuta, gizartea kontzientziatzeko eta haren larritasunaren eraginez, gero eta garrantzi handiagoa ematen ari zaion fenomeno edo arazo sozial baten alderdi esanguratsuenak jaso dira. Proposatzen den programak 22 saio ditu, 5 modulutan banatuak. Saio horien bidez, besteak beste, animalien ongizatea, trebetasun pertsonalak garatzea eta erantzukizuna hartzen landu nahi dira. Programa hau funtsezko tresna gisa aurkezten da animalien aurkako tratu txarrak edo delituak egin dituzten pertsonak birgaitzeko eta berrezteko. Horrela, etorkizuneko delituak saihesten lagundu dezake, baita animalien ongizatea eta babesa sustatzen ere gizartean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27340,1998,"The text explains the specifity of the relationships between the penitentiary Administration and the Jurisdiction of Surveillance. The Judge of Penitentiary Surveillance is described through an historical review, analysing his current configuration and his competitions by the light of the legislation in this respect. In that way, we can know the normative reality and comment the difficulties that the Judge of Surveillance must face in his daily performance. To end, the text carries out a special mention to the subject of the minorities, of the foreigners, inside this context","Baitegi Ardularitza eta Zaintze Auzipidearen arteko erlazioak komentatu eta gero, Baitegi Zaintzeko Epailearen irudia deskribatzen da, berari dagokion errepaso historikoa eginez, oraingo irudia eta bere esku dauden konpetentziak aztertuz, dagokion legepideen bidez araupidetza ezagutu eta bere eguneroko zereginetan dituen zailtasunak komentatuz. Bukatzeko, kontestu horren barruan, gutxiengoari eta atzerritarrei buruzko aipamen berezia egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23130,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to put in operation a power laboratory in order to test photovoltaic inverters with grid connection developing both software and hardware requirements. Since this job will collaboratively be carried out with another student – Álvaro González Segurola - who will principally focus on hardware, the following report mainly contains software specifications as well as some basic hardware contents. Using the SIMULINK environment a programme that simulates three voltages will be designed and once compiled with RT-LAB it will be sent to the Real Time Simulator (which emulates the grid), making it send some analogue outputs to a 2kVA three-phase source which will be connected to the inverters. Depending on the weather these will respond introducing more or less current into the system. This analogue signal will finally be introduced into the SIMULINK programme creating a PHIL and making it possible to test grid connected inverters.","Proiektu honen helburua sare konexiodun alderanzgailu fotovoltaikoekin saiakuntzak egiteko potentzia laborategi bat sortzea da, horretarako beharrezko softwarea zein hardwarea garatuz. Proiektua hardwarean arituko den beste ikasle batekin – Álvaro González Segurola - landu delarik, dokumentu honek software espezifikazioak baino ez ditu. SIMULINK eremua erabilita, sare elektrikoaren puntu jakin baten tentsio egoera trifasikoa simulatuko da, RTDS batetara lehenengo eta alderanzgailuetara konektaturik egongo den 2kVA-ko iturri trifasiko batetara ondoren, eramango delarik seinale analogiko hau. Eguraldiaren arabera, plakek sisteman korronte jakin bat txertatuko dute. Sarrera seinale analogiko hau SIMULINK-eko sistemara sartuko da PHIL kontrol begizta itxiz eta alderanzgailuen saiakuntza ahalbidetuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67738,2024-05-08,"The children’s tale is one of the most suitable educational resources at the Preschool Stage, due to its pedagogical value. However, several authors show that teachers often lack the training and skills to develop the contents of children’s literature. For this reason, in the present End of Degree Work, a guide has been designed for teachers, in order to raise awareness about the pedagogical functions of the story and also to provide training,resources and proposals to develop appropriate storytelling interventions in the Early Childhood Education classroom.","Haurrentzako ipuina, bere balio pedagogikoa dela eta, hezkuntza baliabiderik egokienetakoa da Haur Hezkuntzako etapan. Hala ere, autore batzuk agerian uzten dute askotan irakasleek ez dutela haur literaturaren edukiak garatzeko prestakuntzarik ezta trebetasunik. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan irakasleei zuzendutako gida bat diseinatu da, irakasleen artean, ipuinen balio pedagogikoaren inguruko kontzientzia zabaltzeko, eta, era berean, Haur Hezkuntzako geletan ipuinekin esku-hartze egokiak garatzeko prestakuntzak, baliabideak eta proposamenak partekatzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27144,2018-05-28,"From the desire to change a model of school that does not respect the integral development of children, this work studies the project that has started San Millan school from Zizurkil, aiming to know whether the project has advantages or disadvantages. In order to know that, first of all, it is explained the movement of the New School in which the school is integrated. After that, the bases of the project and the working methods of the school have been colected. Furthermore, we can see the change of mind that has brought the project to the school, adding as well the thoughts of the protagonists. In every moment, the idea of the italian educator Francesco Tonucci has been kept in mind, since he is the fundament of the school and its methodology.","Haurren garapen prozesu osoa errespetatzen ez duen eskola eredua aldatu nahian, Zizurkilgo San Millan eskolak martxan jarri duen proiektua aztertzen duen lana da hau, proiektuak abantailak edo desabantailak dituen ikusteko helburuarekin. Horretarako, lehenik, San Millan kokatzen den Eskola Berriaren markoa azaltzen da. Jarraian, proiektuaren oinarriak eta eskolan lan egiteko erak bildu dira. Ondoren, proiektuak eskolara ekarri duen ikuspuntu aldaketa jaso da, ikastetxeko protagonistak elkarrizketatu eta horien iritziak ere txertatuz. Uneoro Francesco Tonucci pedagogo italiarraren hitzak hartu dira kontutan, eskola ere horietan oinarritzen baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24376,2011,"The economic measures for the prevention of nicotine addiction can be classified in two groups: measures to reduce the demand and measures to reduce the offer. In the first case, it is defended the taxes increase and, for the offer, it is appealed a hard action against the illicit market as an effective measure. On the other hand, tobacco cultivation contributes to country’s poverty harming the environment. Also, the tobacco production generates an enormous quantity of wastes.","Tabakismoaren prebentziorako neurri ekonomikoak bi taldetan sailkatu daitezke: Eskaera murrizteko neurriak eta eskaintza murrizteko neurriak. Neurri eraginkor bezala, lehenbiziko kasuan, zerga igoeraren alde egiten da eta bigarren kasuan legez kanpoko merkataritzaren kontrako ekintza irmoen alde. Beste alde batetik, tabakoaren landaketak herrialdeen pobrezia garatzen du ingurumena serioski kaltetzen duelako. Tabakoaren ekoizpenak sekulako hondakin kopurua sortzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24322,2014,"Following a brief introduction to editorial illustration, an overview of twenty-one years (1992/2013) of Basque political history is provided through a selection of opinion pieces published in El Diario Vasco written by several contributors, some regular and some not, illustrated by Josemaria Alemán Amundarain. These opinion pieces cover the highlights of ETA’s terrorist offensive and the different reactions of government, the law enforcement agencies, social movements and various nationalist left-wing organisations (izquierda abertzale). An overview of the attacks, kidnappings, ceasefires, negotiations, announcements and agreements, among others, will be provided by way of a journey through 62 illustrations from different times and in different styles.","Hasteko, prentsa-ilustrazioari buruzko sarrera; gero, euskal politikaren historiaren hogeita bat urteen (1992-2013) laburpena, El Diario Vasco egunkarian argitaratutako iritzi-artikulu batzuen bidez. Artikulu horiek ohiko eta ez-ohiko kolaboratzaileek idatziak dira, eta Josemari Alemán Amundarainek irudiztatu ditu; ETAren eraso terroristaren une garrantzitsuenak biltzen dituzte, baita gobernuak, segurtasun-indarrek, gizarte-mugimenduek eta ezker abertzaleko hainbat erakundek izandako erreakzioak ere. Atentatuak, bahiketak, su-etenak, negoziazioak, adierazpenak, hitzarmenak eta abar, zenbait garai eta estilotako 62 ilustrazioz osatutako ibilbidean barrena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34844,2019-07-26,"The building sector is nowadays one of the mainenergy consumers all over the world, bothfor hot water andin order to guaranteethermal comfortby means of climatization systems. Due to this, in a world where energy transition towards renewable sourcesis an actual need, this sector must be one of the main focus areas in the search of solutionswhich allow the reduction of polluting emissions. In this contextraises the idea of building solar thermal facadescapable of generating the necessary heatin buildings. Thisidea would mean a rise on the available useful surfacefor solar exploitationwith the added advantage of generating energy nearby the main consumption areas. On this paper, various collector geometriespossible for design will bemodelized so yields can be first obtained andthencomparednot only among the different technologies,butalso the influence that certain parameters can have.This will be achieved by developing a parametric study on which ambient conditions and several aspects of the geometry will be varied, checking afterwards, the suitability of each type of collector and optimal design conditions on each circumstance. The models will be formulated taking into account the basic principles of heat transmission via conduction, convection and radiation, first on a generic way and then adapting the necessary equation to suit better the studying technology.","Gaur egun mundu osoan UBOren hornikuntzarako eta, klimatizazio sistemak erabiliz, erosotasun termikoa ziurtatzeko energia termikoko hartzailerik nagusienetariko bat eraikuntzaren sektorea da. Horregatik, nahitanahiez energia berriztagarrierantz igarotzen dabilen mundu batean, sektore honek indartu behar ditu igortze kutsakorrak murriztuko dituzten konponbideak. Ingurugiro honetan, eraikinenetan behar beste bero eragiteko gauza diren eguzkizko fatxada termikoak sortzearen ideia ageri da. Ideia honek eguzkiko energia aprobetxatzeko erabilgarri den azaleraren handitzea suposatuko luke; gainera, gehien kontsumitzen den tokietan kokatuta egongo litzateke. Lan honetan, kaptadoreen geometria desberdinak diseinatzeko ereduak egingo dira, haien etekina erkatzeko eta parametro batzuk aldatzean egon ahal diren aldaketak aztertzeko.Hau, ikastaro parametriko baten bidez lortuko da, inguruneko kondizioak eta geometriaren parametro ezberdinak aldakuntzarenbidez, kolektore bakoitzen egokitasunaeta diseinu optimoafrogatuko denen. Ereduak, bero transmisioaren mekanismooinarrizkoak kontuan hartzen formulatuko dira. Lehenik modu generikoan, eta gero ekuazio beharrezkoak moldatzen, teknologiarekin elkarrekikotasun hobeena edukitzeko" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37125,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the project defines the neccesary calculations, designs and works for the ampliation of the sport facilities of the Sport Centre in Ermua with a covered futsal field and with a new locker room as well as the construction of a new parking. The goal of this project is to ensure the locals acceptable conditions both to meet the demand and the shortages of parking spaces in the area. The extensions of the project is aproximately 900 square meters in total. For the locker room and the futsal field have been sized the diferent facilites wich need to meet the regulations in each case. Regarding the parking place, the surface layers and the rain ditches have been measured. In this way, the facilities of the Ermua’s Sport Centre conditions will improve and the same time the area where it is located which is in urban growth.","Laburpena: proiektu honetan Ermuko Udal Kirol Erakundearen hedapenak behar dituen kalkuluak, diseinuak eta lanak azaltzen dira. Hedapen honek futbol areto zelai estali bat, aldagela batzuk eta aparkaleku berri baten eraikuntza barneratuko ditu. Proiektuaren helburua Ermuko auzokideen egoera suspertzea da, gune honetan dagoen aparkaleku gabezia hobetzen eta futbol aretoak duen eskaera bermatzen. Proeikturaren gutxi gorabeherako hedadura 900 metro karratukoa da. Zelaiak eta aldagelek behar dituzten instalazioak ere dimentsionatu dira, eraikin hauek behar dituzten araudiak betetzen. Beste aldetik, aparkalekuan, errepideak eraman behar dituen geruzak eta euri-urak jasotzeko areken neurriak ezarri dira. Honenbestez, Ermuko Udal Kirol Erakundearean baldintzak hobetu egiten dira eta ondorioz, urbanistikoki hazten ari den eremu oso honen egoera suspertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37055,2019-12-19,"Abstract: this work has been carried out in order to optimize the production process of the Dibal company. The main objective has been to design an experiment that helps us to know the limits of the equipment offered by the company. For this, a long process has been necessary, from the selection and definition of the intervening variables to the analysis and selection of the most optimal model.","Laburpena: lan hau Dibal enpresaren produkzio prozesua optimizatzeko egin da. Helburu nagusia enpresak eskaintzen dituen ekipoen mugak ezagutzen lagunduko digun esperimentu bat diseinatzea izan da. Horretarako, prozesu luzea beharrezkoa izan da, esku-hartzaileen aldagaiak hautatu eta definitzetik, eredurik bikainena aztertzera eta hautatzeraino." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29187,2018-10-22,"The study an analysis of the electric bill of a domestic consumer is carried out in this document. The Spanish electricity system and all its components (including the electricity rate system) are described aiming that a person with no electrical engineering knowledge could be able to understand the basics of his or her electricity bill. Also it is added an Excel document to Word document, which serves to check and calculate the electric bill in a precise way.","Dokumentu honetan, etxeko kontsumitzaile baten faktura elektrokoaren analisia eta ikasketa burutzen da. Horretarako, Espainiako sistema elektrikoaren eta bere atal guztien (tasa elektrikoaren sistema barne) azterketa garatzen da. Horrenbestez, ingenieritza elektrikoaren arloaren inguruko ezagutzarik ez duen pertsona batek, bere faktura elektrikoaren funtzionamendua ulertzeko gai izango da. Hortaz, Word dokumentuarekin batera Excel dokumentu bat burutu da zeinak faktura elektrikoaren kalkuluak egiaztatzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16447,2015-12-14,"The aim of this work is the design of the structures needed for the system of drinking water supply for the communities of La Violeta-Arcoiris, La Ceiba, San Rafael, La Finquita and La Dalia in the Comasagua municipality, in El Salvador. This work will be part of the technical folder needed for the financing and the implementation of the system and it will be done as part of the Master plan for the supply and water treatment in rural areas in the south of La Libertad.","Lan honek La Violeta-Arcoiris, La Ceiba, San Rafael, La Finquita eta La Dalia komunitateetan (Comasagua udalerrian, El Salvadorren) ur edangarria hornitzeko sisteman beharko diren egituren diseinua dauka helburutzat. Lana sistemaren finantziaziorako eta egikaritzerako beharrezkoa den karpeta teknikoaren zati bat izango da eta La Libertad departamenduaren hegoaldeko landa eremuetan hornikuntza eta saneamendurako plan gidariaren inguruan egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24451,2017-09,"This document contains the technical specifications and sizing calculations required for grid-connected photovoltaic installation with a nominal power of 100kW, located in an esplanade in the municipality of Gorliz (Biscay). The proposed installation contains all the equipment and materials necessary for its assembly and operation, carried out by means of technical calculations, the main equipment of the photovoltaic system being the modules and the inverter. The project consists of 440 photovoltaic modules of 250 Wp each resulting in a peak power of 110kWp and that to convert the direct current generated in alternating current, according to the peak power and the calculations of coupling of the modules and inverter, is chosen an inverter of 100 kW, achieving an annual output of 131 MWh. In the calculations section, the dimensioning of all wiring has been carried out, in both the direct and alternating current.","Hurrengo dokumentua 100 kW-eko potentzia nominala duen sarera konektatutako instalazio fotovoltaikorako espezifikazio tekniko eta dimentsionamendurako kalkuluak batzen ditu, Gorliz (Bizkai)-eko udalerriko zelaigune batean kokatuta. Proposaturiko instalazioa bere muntaia eta funtzionamendurako beharrezko material eta ekipamendu guztia du, kalkulu teknikoen bidez eginak, instalazio fotovoltaikoaren ekipamendu nagusia moduluak eta inbertsorea izanik. Proiektua 250 kWp-ko 440 modulu fotovoltaikoz osatuta dago 110 kWp-ko mutur potentzia emanez eta sortutako korronte zuzena korronte alternoan bihurtzeko, 100 kW-eko inbertsorea aukeratzen da, 131 MWh urteko produkzioa lortuz. Kalkuluen atalean kable-sarearen dimentsionamendua egin da, bai korronte zuzenean bai alternoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20073,2017-01-05,"This work will define the drying plant that belongs to a recovery plant of sterile from a quarry. It involves an improvement in the productive aspect of exploitation, as a substantial environmental improvement. To reach this objective, an analysis of the drying process of a solid is needed as an optimal choice of the main elements of the dryer.","Lan honetan harrobi batetik ateratako esterilak berreskuratzeko instalazioa den lehortze planta zehaztuko da. Honek esan nahiko lukebai ustiategiko produkzio aldean hobekuntza, bai ingurugiroarekiko hobekuntza nabarmena. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa da solido baten lehortze prozesuaren azterketa eta lehorlekuaren elementuen aukeratze ezinhobea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16370,2015-12-09,"The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury is one of the most common injuries nowadays. It is most frequent in female athletes and it normally happens in non-contact situations. Nowadays there are different treatment and recovery methods to tackle this injury. That is why, a comparison between two different cases will be done in this work, focusing mainly on the differences that exist in the post-operative recovery, giving importance to the results obtained to draw the conclusions in this paper.","Aurreko Ligamendu Gurutzatuen (ALG) lesioa gaur egun kirolean gehien ematen den lesioetako bat da. Lesio hau askoz ere ohikoagoa da emakumeengan, eta batez ere kontakturik gabeko egoeretan ematen da. Lesio honen tratamendu eta errekuperazio metodo desberdinak daude gaur egun. Lan honetan bi kasu desberdinen konparaketa egingo da, batez ere, operazio ondorengo errekuperazioan ematen diren desberdintasunetan, eta hauen emaitzetan zentratuz ondorioak atera ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14345,2015-02-05,"In this project we will do the structural design of a chassis of a racing motorbike. Specifically, the front of the chassis or the piece around the motor, leaving aside the sub-chassis and the plate that is attached to the swing. First, we will make an introduction explaining the different qualities of a chassis, the types that are and also what the objectives of the work are. We will also explain the economic and scientific technical benefits obtained when we achieve these objectives. After, we will explain step by step from the beginning to the end of the design the methodology to be followed to do the project Next, we will be able to observe the various designs that have been achieved using this methodology with its different values . Finally, the different solutions are compared and we will make conclusions to know which design is the best.","Lan honetan lehiaketako motozikleta baten txasisaren diseinu estrukturala egiten da. Zehazki esanda txasisaren aurreko aldea edo motorra inguratzen duena, sub-txasisa eta baskulatzailearekin bat egiten duen txapa kontuan hartu gabe. Lehenik sarreratxo bat egiten da txasisaren ezaugarri ezberdinak, mota ezberdinak azalduz eta zeintzuk diren lortu beharreko helburuak adieraziz. Hauek lortzeak ekarriko dituen onura zientifiko teknikoak zein ekonomikoak zeintzuk diren ere deskribatuko dira. Ondoren lana burutzeko ze metodologia jarraitu den agertzen da hasieratik bukaerara eman beharreko pausuak zeintzuk diren esanez. Gero metodologia hau aplikatuz egin diren diseinu ezberdinak jarriko dira bakoitza bere emaitzekin. Bukatzeko emaitza hauek konparatu eta konklusio batzuk aterako dira zein den diseinu egokiena jakiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72750,2025-02-13,"There is a growing trend to increase efficiency in transportation, which leads to an interest in developing more powerful and efficient railway systems. Therefore, this work tries to develop models that mathematically represent the phenomena that happen in reality, in order to simulate them instead of testing on real railway lines and assist the design of new lines. For this purpose, the Matlab Simulink environment is used. A series of models representing different electrical phenomena of a 25 kV line at 50 Hz are built; these are phenomena of static situations, where the train is still at a point on the railway, and of dynamic situations, where the train moves along the railway. In addition, in the absence of real data, a procedure is defined to validate the models. Finally, the utilities of each model are summarised and new lines of development are established.","Garraioaren eraginkortasuna handitzeko joera gero eta handiagoa da, eta horrek trenbide-sistema indartsuagoak eta eraginkorragoak garatzeko interesa dakar. Beraz, lan hau errealitatean gertatzen diren fenomenoak matematikoki irudikatzen dituzten ereduak garatzen saiatzen da, linea errealetan probak egin beharrean simulatzeko eta linea berrien diseinua errazteko. Horretarako, Matlab Simulink ingurunea erabiltzen da. Bertan, 25 kV-eko eta 50 Hz-eko linea baten fenomeno elektrikoak irudikatzen dituzten eredu batzuk eraikitzen dira, halaber egoera estatikoetako fenomenoak, trena geldirik baitago trenbide-linearen puntu batean, eta egoera dinamikoetakoak, trena trenbidean zehar mugitzen baita. Gainera, datu errealik ezean, ereduak baliozkotzeko prozedura bat zehazten da. Azkenik, eredu bakoitzaren erabilgarritasunak laburbiltzen dira eta garapen-esparru berriak ezartzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15424,2012,"The aim of this article is to relate the features of female job placement to their degree of participation in the job market in EU countries via data provided by Eurostat. We are interested in establishing whether greater participation among women goes hand in hand with a «female» labour model, i.e. with part-time and temporary work, low-paid work and in certain sectors and professions - or, whether, conversely, in those countries where the female employment rate is high and there is less wage gap than with that of men, the job placement model of men and women is similar. The diversity of job markets and also of public policies and productive structures in such a wide-ranging area as the EU27 prevents us from establishing clear female job placement models, although we have been able to point to common features regarding gender inequalities between countries.","Artikulu honen helburua, hain zuzen, emakumeen laneratze-ezaugarriak emakumeek Europar Batasuneko herrialdeetako lan-merkatuan duten parte-hartze mailarekin harremanetan jartzea da, Eurostat-ek emandako datuen bitartez. Interesgarria zaigu jakitea ea emakumeek lan-munduan parte-hartze handiagoa izateak lotura hertsia ote duen «emakumezko» lan-eredu batekin; esan nahi baita, lanaldi partzialeko lanpostuekin, aldi baterako lanpostuekin, ordainsari txikiko lanpostuekin eta sektore zein lanbide jakin batzuetara mugatzen diren lanpostuekin. Eta, bide beretik, jakin nahi dugu ea emakumeen enplegu-tasa handia den eta gizonekiko alde txikiagoa duten herrialdeetan, emakumeen eta gizonezkoen laneratze-eredua antzekoa ote den. Lan-merkatuen askotarikotasunak, eta baita politika publiko eta ekoizpen-egiturenak ere, EB27 bezalako eremu zabalean, emakumeen laneratze-eredu argiak finkatzea galarazten digu, nahiz eta zenbait ezaugarri komun berezi ahal izan ditugun, herrialdeen arteko genero-desberdintasunei begira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53958,2021-11-22,"This paper presents the importance of modeling distributed electric generation and the existing options for its implementation. For this purpose, an analysis of the impact created by this type of generation is carried out due to its difference with the impact of the conventional centralized generation. In addition, with the intention of developing the theoretical aspects analyzed, several simulations are carried out. The studies are performed using the recent DER_A generic model developed by WEEC. It is a model that represents DG in a simplified and aggregated form. The results obtained show the need to model the DG and the behavior of the main operating aspects of the model.","Lan honek sorkuntza elektriko banatua modelatzearen garrantzia aurkezten du azken hau garatzeko aurkitzen diren aukera desberdinak erakutsiz. Hori lortzeko, sorkuntza honek eragindako inpaktua aztertzen da, ohiko sorkuntza zentralizatuak sortutakoaren desberdina baita. Honekin batera, azterturako aspektu teorikoak guztiz garatzeko, simulazio ugari egiten dira. Simulazio hauek WECC-ak garatutako DER_A modelo generikoaren bitartez gauzatzen dira. Modelo honek sorkuntza banatua modu erantsi eta erraztuan irudikatzen du. Lortutako emaitzen bitartez sorkuntza banatua modelizatzearen beharra erakusten da, erabilitako modeloaren portaera eta funtzionamenduaren aspektu nagusiak azaltzearekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23278,2017-07,"The aim of this project has been to analyse the relationship between the values of CO2 and the PDES (the probability of a cardiac rhythm converting into a rhythm with better prognosis) as parameters that reflect the quality of the cardiopulmonary reanimation (CPR). A study database composed of 46 segments has been generated to carry out this project. These segments came from a starting database with information about 237 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest episodes. These segments are formed by three different intervals with the following pattern: an initial interval without compressions (pre-CPR), an intermediate one with compressions (ongoing CPR), and a last non-compression interval (post-CPR). Once the database is created, it has been expanded over the project. First of all, a manual detection of the instant and values of end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) has been done. Moreover, the PDES has been calculated throughout each of the segments. Finally, the linear relationship between the variations in the PDES and the EtCO2 after compressions, ΔPDES and ΔEtCO2 respectively, has been analysed. This analyse has been done individually (segment by segment) or globally. In the same way, those cases with a significant PDES variability (|ΔPDES|≥0.1) have been studied. The linear relationship between the values of EtCO2 and the PDES has also been analysed in pre and post intervals. The values of the computed correlation coefficients have been very close to zero. Therefore, the results obtained in the project reflect that there is not a linear relationship between both parameters.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia PDES-aren (bihotz-erritmo batek prognosi hobea duen beste erritmo batean bihurtzeko duen probabilitatea) eta CO2-aren arteko erlazioa aztertzea izan da, bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen (BBB) kalitatea islatzen duten parametro gisa. Proiektu hau aurrera eramateko, ospitalez kanpoko 237 bihotz- geldialdien informazioa duten jatorrizko datu-base batetik abiatuta, 46 segmentuz osatutako aztertzeko datu-base berri bat sortu da. Segmentu hauek hurrengo patroia jarraitzen duten hiru tarte desberdinez osatuta daude: konpresiorik gabeko lehenengo tartea (pre-BBB), erdiko konpresiodun tartea (ongoing BBB), eta azken tartea konpresiorik gabea (post-BBB). Datu-basea sortu eta gero, hau handitzen joan da proiektuan aurrera egin ahala. Lehenengoz, arnasbehera-amaierako CO2 (EtCO2) uneen eta balioen eskuzko detekzioa egin da. Gainera, PDES-a kalkulatu da segmentu guztietan zehar. Amaitzeko, PDES-aren eta EtCO2-aren konpresioen osteko aldaketen, ΔPDES eta ΔEtCO2 hurrenez hurren, arteko erlazio lineala ikertu da. Analisi hau banaka (segmentuz-segmentu) edota batera egin da. Modu berean, PDES-an aldakortasun adierazgarria (|ΔPDES|≥0,1) aurkeztu duten kasuak aztertu dira. EtCO2 balioen eta PDES-aren arteko erlazio lineala ere analizatu egin da pre eta post tarteetan. Lortutako korrelazio-koefizienteen balioak zerotik oso gertu ibili dira. Hori dela eta, azterlanetik ateratako emaitzek bi parametroen artean erlazio linealik ez dagoela islatu dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/10557,2009,"The artist from Alava, Juncal Ballestín, produces work characterised mainly by its references to concretism, surrealism and Arte Povera. From here, we can dig further into his interest in searching for different objects marked by memory, meaning objects that have already been used and which have collected different experiences, thoughts and experiences from their former owners, giving his sculpture production a solid base of significance, sociability and experience.","Juncal Ballestín artista arabarraren lanean, arte objektualaren, surrealismoaren eta arte poveraren eragina nabarmentzen da bereziki. Hortik abiatuta, oroimen jakin bat duten —hots, dagoeneko erabili direnez gero, lehengo jabeen esperientzia, pentsamendu eta bizipenak gorde dituzten— objektuak bilatzen ditu, eta horrek oinarri sendo eta esanguratsua ematen die haren eskulturalanei, gizartean eta bizipenetan oinarrituta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26286,1994-12,"In the framework of population movements, Victimology is studied and explained as referring to the victim, not in the juridical-penal sense, but in the social sense as consequence of complex and diffuse causes, especially migratory victims are one of the most victimised group. Moreover, the problem of refugees is analysed from the internal and international view, underlining the sociological and juridical interest of the subject.","Biktimologia biztanlego mugimenduen sailean aztertzen da eta, kasu honetan, azaltzen da biktimari buruzko mintzatzen dela ez legezko-penal sentzuan bazik eta giza sentzuan zergati nahaspiltsuen ondorio bezala, biktima herraldak biktimizatuenetakoak izanez. Nazio eta nazioarteko ikuspegitik errefuxiatuen arazoa ikertzen da, gai honen bai soziologiko bai legezko interesa azpimarratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19841,2016-12-12,"The aim of this project is to design a crash test machine that will help the Formula Student team of the University. It will simulate the conditions of a real impact so the team will be able to test its car's impact attenuator. The selected solution will be justified with the right calculations and then presented in the Solidworks program. That will contribute to an easier understanding and a better analysis of the different parts of the design.","Lan honen helburua talka entseguak betearazteko sortuko den makina baten diseinua proposatzea da. Unibertsitateko Formula Student taldearentzat baliagarri izango da, kotxearen kolpe-leungailuaren gaitasuna neurtzeko aukera izango baitute kideek. Makinaren funtzionamendu egokirako derrigorrezkoak diren kalkuluak egiteaz gain, Solidworks programan marraztuko da diseinua. Era horretan, errazago aztertu ahal izango dugu proposatutako ebazpena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23197,2017-07,"Nowadays the engineering sector uses the foundry to produce many of the pieces that make up a car. Taking account of that, the aim of the presented document is to design a foundry mould in order to obtain a piston. For that, using a foundry simulation software based in the finite element method, it is going to analyse different ways to feed the mould, it will be discussed the necessity of using a riser and it will be determined the alloy's temperature and pouring velocity in favour of materialising a healthy piece in the most economical way.","Gaur egun, automobilgintzako sektoreak galdaketa erabiltzen du kotxe bat osatzen duten hainbat zati eskuratzeko. Hori kontuan hartuz, aurkezten den lanaren helburua pistoi bat lortzeko galdaketa molde baten diseinua garatzea da. Hartarako, simulazio galdaketa programa baten bitartez, ikertuko da moldea elikatzeko modu desberdinak, mazaroten erabileraren beharra eztabaidatuko da eta aleazioaren tenperatura eta isuri abiadura zehaztuko dira pieza osasuntsu bat ahalik eta modurik ekonomikoenean gauzatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67759,2024-05-08,"Although today's education has been able to adapt to many changes, it is not yet ready for the free development of the gender and sexual identities of students. For this reason, this qualitative research analyzes how they affect, among other aspects, the heteronormative foundations of society, the hidden curriculum and the lack of teacher training in this matter in primary school students, through semi-developed interviews with different teachers. With this it can be concluded that the situation is much more serious than it seems, since each professional deals with the issue in their own way, coeducation has not given the expected results and the lack of knowledge on the subject stands out. For this reason, the training of the entire educational system is necessary, working in a coordinated manner, so that educational projects can become co-educational projects, eliminating distinctions of sexual and gender identities and creating an inclusive education based on the multiple sexuality of students.","Gaur egungo hezkuntza aldaketa askotara egokitzeko gai izan bada ere, oraindik ez dago prest ikasleen genero eta sexu-identitateak askatasunez garatzeko. Horregatik, ikerketa kualitatibo honetan besteen artean, gizartearen oinarri heteronormatiboak, curriculum ezkutua eta irakaleek gai honen inguruan duten formakuntza falta lehen hezkuntzako ikasleengan nola eragiten duten ikertzen dira, hainbat irakasleri egindako elkarrizketa erdi-garatuen bidez. Honekin, egoera dirudiena baino askoz grabeagoa dela ondoriozta daiteke, profesional bakoitzak bere erara tratatzen baitu gaia, hezkidetzak ez baititu espero ziren fruituak eman eta gaiari buruzko ezjakintasuna nabarmentzen direlako. Horregatik, hezkuntza-sistema osoaren prestakuntza beharrezkoa da, modu koordinatu batean lan eginez, hezkuntza-proiektuak hezkidetza-proiektuak bihurtu ahal izateko, sexu eta genero- identitateen arteko bereizketak ezabatuz eta ikasleen sexualitate anizkoitza oinarri duen hezkuntza inklusiboa sortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25791,2018-03-20,"The aim of this work is to study the influence of temperature, heating rate and the use of catalyst in the pyrolysis of woody biomass (pinus radiate), to optimized the pyrolysis vapors, in order to produce an useful gas fraction with high proportion of H2 and CO (synthesis gas). Biomass waste coming from Munguia’s forests (Biscay) has been pyrolyzed in a semi industrial plant with a continuous screw, connected to a second reactor where the formed pyrolysis vapors are thermally and/or catalycally treated, in order to promote further cracking and to obtain a higher fraction of gases. Furthermore, the solid fraction or charcoal could be use as reducer in metallurgical industry. Tests with different heating rates (thermal) in those the temperature of the four zones of the pyrolysis oven remain constant (isothermal) at 500, 700 and 900 ºC have been carried out for the porpuse of understanding the influence of the final temperature and the heating rate, in the pyrolysis yields as well as in the characteristics of the products obtained.. Taking account the energy consumption that involves operating with high temperatures (900 ºC), the best results are reached at 700 ºC in the isothermal tests (700, 700, 700 and 700 ºC), achieving 50,8% gas yield and 55,3% synthesis gas (H2+CO). Additionally, at this temperature a charcoal with excellent characteristic for his use in the metallurgical industry as reducer is obtained. The use of niquel catalyst CRG-LHR at 700 ºC (300, 500, 700, 700 ºC) increase gaseous fraction yield (up to 57,9%) in detrimental of liquids, whereas the solid fraction remains constant. The hydrogen and CO proportions increase up to 50,6% and 29,8% respectively and the characteristics of charcoal are not affected.","Lan honen helburua tenperatura, berotze abiadura eta katalizatzailearen eragina ikastea da basoan sortutako biomasa hondakinak (pinus radiata) erabiltzen duen pirolisi prozesuan, sortzen diren gasak optimizatzeko, hau da, H2 eta CO (sintesi gasa) kontzentrazio handia duen gas baliagarria eskuratzeko. Mungiako (Bizkaia) basoetatik datorren biomasa hondakinak torloju amaigabea duen planta semi industrial batean pirolizatuak izan dira. Honek, bigarren erreaktore batekin konektaturik dago non pirolisiko lurrinak termikoki edota katalitiko tratatuak izaten dira, krakeoa sustatzeko eta gas frakzio handiagoa lortzeko asmoarekin. Bestalde, ekoiztutako frakzio solidoa edo charcoala metalurgia industrian erabili daiteke erreduktore gisa. Berotze abiadura duen saiakuntzak (termikoak) eta pirolisi labeko lau guneak tenperatura konstante mantendu diren saiakuntzak (isotermoak) egin dira 500 ºC-tan, 700 ºC-tan eta 900 ºC-tan, azkeneko tenperatura eta berotze aldaparen eragina, bai prozesuaren errendimenduak bai lortu diren produktuen ezaugarriak ulertzeko. Tenperatura altuetan (900 ºC) lan egiteak ekartzen duen energia kontsumoa kontuan izanda, lortu diren emaitzarik hoberenak 700 ºC-ko saiakuntza isotermoari (700, 700, 700 eta 700 ºC) esleitu ahal diezaiokegu, %50,8-ko gas errendimendua eta %55,3-ko sintesi gasa (H2+CO) lortuta. Gainera, tenperatura honetan metalurgia industriarako erreduktore moduan ezaugarri oso onak dituen solidoa lortzen da. CRG-LHR nikel katalizatzailea 700 ºC-ko saiakuntzan (300, 500, 700, 700 ºC) erabilera gas frakzioaren areagotzea (%57,9 arte) sorrarazten du likidoen kalterako, ostera frakzio solidoa konstante mantentzen da. Hidrogeno eta CO proportzioa %50,6 eta %29,8arte handitzen da hurrenez hurren eta solidoaren ezaugarriei ez diote eragiten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25442,1998,"Our juridical ordering is waiting for a deep legal reform in the matter of penal minority and Juvenile Penal Law. After indicating which is the Law in force and the aspects that Penal Code has already established related to Penal Law of Minors, the fundamental lines in the matter are explained, refering to the limits and the scope of enforcement. Likewise, the possible extension of this Law to young adults is analyzed.","Gure ordenamendua, Gazte Zuzenbide penala eta adingabetasun gaietan lege berrikuntza sakon baten zai dago. Gai hauei buruz dauden legeak zein diren eta Gazte Zuzenbide penalari buruz, Kode penalak ezarri dituen alderdiak zeintzuk diren adierazi ondoren, zein bide hartu behar den adierazten da, aplikazio eremu eta muga gorenak aipatuz. Bukatzeko gazte helduei, arautze hau zabaltzearen posibilitateaz, hitzegiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26153,1992,"it is shown the importance of Professor Kaiser to the Criminology configuration as an autonomous and interdisciplinary science. In the same way, the autor formulates the basic principles of the Criminology and the Victimology.","Kaiser Irakasleak izan duen garrantzia Kriminologiaren irazate eta etorpidean, burujabe eta aldin asko zientzia bezala, textoan azaltzen da. Egileak ere, Kriminologiaren eta Kalteduniztiaren oinarrak egiten ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30301,2018-12-12,"ABSTRACT Nowadays, the use of wireless communication systems is growing gra dually. In turn, the use of both electric and electronic devices also grows progressively. Taking into account that these devices are sources of radio noise and that this noise interferes with wireless communications, it is concluded that there is a problem. Impulsive noise is a component of radio noise. Normally the power of this component is greater than the power of the others, so it can be said that it is the one that most interferes with wireless communications. Because of this it has been decided to carry out this project, measure and characterize the impulsive noise that in this case will be of two appliances. The request ITU-R214-5 calls for studies on impulsive noise and through this project we will contribute to this request by providing real measurement data, or rather, measuring and characterizing impulsive noise in interior spaces. In this project, the results of impulsive noise measurements, the methodology for the measurement and characterization of this and the conclusions obtained after the completion of the project are provided. Measurements have been made at four different frequencies in the range of 63 MHz to 139 MHz in the VHF band, and at different distances from 0.5 m to 3 m from the source. The procedure and methodology for the measurement and characterization of impulsive noise has been done following the instructions of recommendation ITU-R SM.1753. One of the conclusions, has been that in most cases the level of impulsive noise is 25-30 dB greater than that of other noises, and there fore that the levels obtained from impulsive noise are quite relevant.","LABURPENA Gaur egun, haririk gabeko komunikazio sistemen erabilera gero eta gehiago handitzen ari da. Era berea aparailu bai elektriko baita elektronikoen erabilera gero eta handiagoa da. Kontuan izanda bigarren horiek zarata erradio elektrikoa sortzen dutela, eta zarata horrek haririk gabeko komunikazio sistemekin interferentziak sortzen dituela, arazo bat dagoela esan daiteke. Hemen sartzen da pultsu-zarata. Pultsu-zarata zarata erradioelektrikoaren osagaietako bat da. Normalean gai nontzeko osagaiek baino potentzia handiagoa du eta horren ondorioz interferentzietan nabarmen eragiten duena dela esan daiteke. Hori dela eta proiektu hau egitea erabaki da, pultsu-zarata neurtu eta karakterizatzea, kasu honetan inguruan ditugun pare bat e txetresnarena. ITU-R 214-5 eskaerak pultsu-zarataren inguruko ikerketak eskatzen ditu, eta proiektu honen bidez eskaera horiei erantzuna emango zaie neurketa errealen datuak emanez, edo hobeto esanda espazio itxietan pultsu-zarataren neurketa eta karakteri zazioa eginez. Proiektu honetan, eraikin barnean egindako pultsu-zarataren neurketen emaitzak, hauek egiteko eta karakterizatzeko metodologia eta guztiaren ondorioak ematen dira. Neurketa horiek lau maiztasun desberdinetan egin dira 63 MHz eta 139 MHz tartean, denak VHF bandan eta iturritik 5 distantzia desberdinetara 0.5 m eta 3 m artean. Pultsu-zarataren neurketa eta karakterizazioaren metodologia eta prozedurak ITU-R SM.1753 gomendioaren arabera egin dira. Ondorioetako bat, kasu gehienetan pultsu-zarataren maila gainontzeko zaraten maila baino 25-30 dB altuagoa dela da, eta beraz, lortutako pultsu-zarataren maila maximoak adierazgarriak direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17689,2016-03-16,"Over recent years, early schooling has experienced a significant increase in our society. There are more and more infants who start going to school at the age of four or five months, being moved away from an environment which is secure for them. This separation can be difficult for the infant causing anxiety, moments of distress and even illnesses; in addition, such separation may condition the relationship between the infant and school forever. That is why it is crucial to reflect on the schooling of the infant. Nowadays, a period known as adaptation process is offered in schools with the aim of adjusting the infant to the rhythm and requirements of the school. Unfortunately, however, this process makes the separation even more difficult since it does not respect the rhythm of the infant. It is for this reason that a so-called familiarization process has been introduced. A process based on respect and communication which objective is to create a relaxed and pleasant environment by means of communication among all people taking part in the education of the infant. This process responds not only to the child’s age, but also to the needs of the child.","Azken urteetan eskolatze goiztiarrak nabarmen egin du gora gure gizartean. Gero eta gehiago dira hilabete gutxirekin haur eskolara joaten hasten diren haurrak, beraientzat segurtasun iturri den ingurunetik aldenduz. Banaketa hau bereziki zaila suerta dakieke ume gehienei aparteko ezinegonak, larritasun uneak edota gaixotasunak sortuz, eskolarekiko harremana betirako baldintzatzeaz gain. Hori dela eta, haur txikiaren eskolatzearen inguruan hausnartzeko beharra dago ezinbestean. Gaur egun haurra haur eskolako erritmo eta eskakizunetara ahalik eta azkarren moldatzeko asmoz, egokitzapen aldi bezala ezagutzen den denboraldia eskaintzen zaio haur txikiari, bere garaian Haur Hezkuntzaren bigarren ziklokoei eskaintzen hasi zitzaien bezala. Zoritxarrez honek egoerari zailtasun gehiago erantsi dizkio, ez baitira haurtxo eta haur txikiaren erritmoak errespetatzen. Hori dela eta, hezitzaileen muina eskola atsegina bihurtzeko asmotan, komunikazioan eta errespetuan oinarritutako etxekotze prozesua aurkezten da, zeinen helburua haurraren hezkuntzan parte hartzen duten guztien, familia eta eskola, elkarlanari esker bere ongizatea bermatu eta haur eskolarako igarobidea erraztuko duen giro lasaia, atsegina eta ez bakarrik adinari, baizik eta norberaren beharrizanen arabera egokia sortzea den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19495,2016-11-08,"The project presented in this study develops the design of a photovoltaic system in a single house, with the objective to generate electricity for individual consumption and to be connected to the electric power distribution system. The house is located in Arteta, Usansolo, which is a neighbourhood of Galdácano, in the Gran Bilbao region, Bizkaia. In order to develop the design, several calculations and measurements have been made. First of all, the location, roof orientation and inclination with the optimum angle depending on the latitude, the useful land and some other parameters have been analyzed. The data are used to establish the best position and get best out of the system. Furthermore, with the objective to optimise the performance of the system, the energy generated during the test period has been calculated. For this purpose, system operating parameters, voltage and current have been examined, as well as the influence of temperature on the parameters. The results of the analysis are used to optimize every available resource to make the most profitable decisions. To complete the design development, special software called “CalculationSolar”, which helps to contrast the aforementioned calculations, has been used. In addition to this, a feasibility study has been done with the purpose of finding out whether the investment is sound and whether it should be reduced. Finally, a number of conclusions have been reached to evaluate the sustainability of the project.","Ondorengo lan honek etxebizitza indibidual batean instalazio fotovoltaiko baten diseinua azaltzen du, zeinaren helburua elektrizitatea sortzea izango den, bai autokontsumorako baita sarera konektatzeko ere. Etxebizitza Usansoloko Arteta auzoan kokatuta dago, Usansolo Galdakaoko auzo bat izanik, Bizkaian, Bilbo Handia eskualdean kokatzen dena. Diseinua garatzeko orduan, hainbat kalkulu eta neurketa egin behar izan dira. Alde batetik, instalazioa kokatzeko eremua aztertu da, teilatuaren orientazio eta inklinazioa, latitudearen araberako angelu optimoa, lursail erabilgarria eta abar, instalazioa efektiboena gertatuko den tokian kokatzeko helburuarekin. Bestetik, instalazioak energia sortzeko izango duen gaitasuna aztertu da, gaitasun hori optimizatzeko asmoz. Sistemaren operazio parametroak ere aztertu dira, tentsio eta intentsitatea, baita tenperaturak horiengan izango duen eragina ere. Azterketa guztien helburua eskura dauden baliabideak optimizatzea da erabaki errentagarrienak aukeratzeko asmoz. Diseinuaren garapena osotzeko ere, software lagungarri bat erabili da, aurretik egindako kalkuluen emaitzak ziurtatzeko. Erabili den softwarea CalculationSolar izan da. Bestalde, ikasketa ekonomiko eta energetikoa egin da, instalaziorako egingo den inbertsioa errekuperagarria den edo ez jakiteko, edota inbertsioa txikitu behar den erabakitzeko. Bukatzeko, ondorio desberdinak bildu dira, proiektuaren errentagarritasun eta erabilkortasuna baloratzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50998,2021-04-15,"This End of Grade Project, based on the Service-Learning methodology, responds to a perceived need in the second cycle of Early Childhood Education at the Ramon Bajo School, for which a context has been designed for the well-being and development of the children. As the identified need is to give use to the experimentation corner, a didactic proposal has been designed, with the aim of working the air model through experimentation. The intention of this work was initially to study the effectiveness or usefulness of the use of the Service-Learning methodology as a teacher, but due to the Covid-19 pandemic, this analysis has not been carried out. However, criteria have been provided to evaluate the suitability of the service provided to the Ramon Bajo School, in order to identify difficulties and propose improvements.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Ikasketa-Zerbitzua metodologian oinarrituz, Ramon Bajo ikastetxeko Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloan hautemandako behar bati erantzuna eman zaio, bertako haurren ongizate eta garapenerako testuingurua diseinatuz. Identifikatutako premia esperimentazio txokoari erabilgarritasuna ematea denez, honi erantzuteko proposamen didaktiko bat diseinatu da, esperimentazioaren bitartez airearen modeloa lantzeko xedearekin. Lan honen asmoa, ikasketa-zerbitzuaren metodologia irakasle gisa erabiltzeko, eraginkorra edo baliagarria den aztertzea zen hasiera batean, baina Covid-19 pandemiaren eraginez, ezin izan da analisi hau aurrera eraman. Hala ere, Ramon Bajo ikastetxeari eskainitako zerbitzua egokia izan den ebaluatzeko irizpideak eman dira, betiere zailtasunak identifikatzeko eta hobekuntzak proposatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26817,1995,"It is studied the question about social integration and exclusion related to immigrants and refugees, the foreigner in general, in european context, explaining the difficulties of adaptation and acculturation that they suffer, to finish presenting the criminological dimension of these phenomena.","Gizarte-integrazio eta bazterketaren gaia aztertu egiten da, inmigrante, errefuxiatuei eta atzerritarrei buruz orokorrean Europako kontextuan, guzti hauek jasaten dituzten adaptazio eta akulturazio zailtasunak azalduz. Azkenik, fenomeno hauetako neurri kriminologikoa aurkezten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19329,2016-10-18,This final Project work is the calculation and design of a roof of a warehouse for a fire station located in Madrid whose calculation is done by CYPE. This cover adopts cylindrical shape and comprises six arches.,"Lan hau suhiltzaile parke bateko teilatuaren biltegia kalkulatzeko eta disenatzako da, parkea Madrilen kokatuta dago eta bera kalkuluak CYPE-ren bidez egingo dira. Teilatu hau itxura zilindrikoa du eta sei arkuz osatuta dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72802,2024-07-05,"This work will be based on analyzing the problems and consequences brought about by the new and special insolvency procedure for micro-enterprises, analyzing in detail and focusing on the areas where the most debates have arisen before and after its entry into force. Therefore, through Law 16/2022, of September 5, the Consolidated Text of the Insolvency Law was reformed and with the introduction of Book III, several problems have been found in this special procedure. Some of which are obvious and have had significant effects. However, in this work, the access to the new digital processes, electronic platforms, and digital forms introduced in it will be investigated. Not only that, but also the uncertainty and the crucial role of existing insolvency professionals and experts in a preliminary phase of the insolvency will be examined. Therefore, the objective of this work is to investigate these problems. Specially, the topics that will be addressed are the complexity of digitalization and the need for professionals and experts.","Lan hau mikroenpresen konkurtso prozedura berezi eta berriak ekarri dituen arazoak eta ondorioak aztertzean oinarrituko da, xehetasunez aztertuz eta begirada jarriz hura indarrean sartu aurretik zein ondoren eztabaida gehien sortu diren arloetan. Horrela, irailaren 5eko 16/2022 Legearen bidez Konkurtso Legearen Testu Bategina erreformatu eta III. Liburua txertatu zenetik, hainbat arazo aurkitu dira prozedura berezi honetan, batzuk agerikoak eta eragin nabarmenak ekarri dituztenak, baina lan honetan, bertan sartu diren prozesu digital berriak, plataforma elektroniko eta formulario digitalen esku sartzea ikertuko da, eta ez hori bakarrik, kaudimengabeziaren aurretiazko fase batean dauden konkurtsoko profesional eta adituen ziurgabetasuna eta gakoa ikertuko da. Hortaz, lan honen helburua arazo horien ikerketan datza, bereziki, digitalizazioaren konplexutasuna eta profesionalen beharra izanik jorratuko diren gaiak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25855,2018-03-21,"Usually, in Preschool, the use of illustrated albums is generalized as a reading and writing introductory resource. However, there are other benefits for which it could become an appropriated resource. It is the case of creative competence, visual reading capacity, narrative interpretation, etc. In the present document, based on a research process about the illustrated album, its use on a class and the importance of creativity, an own a wordless picture book has been designed, and it has been implemented in a preschool class through a range of activities, where children have made use of said tool and have developed that competence.","Normalean Haur Hezkuntzan, album ilustratuaren erabilerak alfabetatze tresna sarrera gisa zabalduta dago. Hala ere, badaude beste onura batzuk non baliabide egoki batean bihur daitezkeen: konpetentzia sortzailea, ikusizko irakurketarako gaitasuna, narrazio interpretazioa, e.a. esaterako. Lan honetan, album ilustratuen gainean eginiko ikerketa prozesua oinarri bezala hartuta, ikasgelan izandako erabilera eta sormenaren garrantzian, hitzik gabeko album bat diseinatu da eta jarduera sorta baten bidez Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean ezarri da, non haurrek tresna hau erabili duten, eta esandako gaitasuna garatu dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16426,2015-12-11,"This degree ending job is about metal sheet forming simulation, with an example given by Pam Stamp, metal sheet forming simulation software. The example is an inner part of car door. In order to do this job, it is necessary to modify some parameters of the stamping system while using Pam Stamp software to improve the results of the example given, these modifications will be explained later on the right headland. There will be three different results answering to three different requirements or situations that are going to be explained later.","Gradu amaierako lan hau Pam Stamp estanpazio simulazio programak eskaintzen duen automobil baten atearen barneko zatiaren estanpazioaren adibide baten optimizazioa programa berarekin burutzean datza. Lan hau aurrera eramateko programak simulazioa egiterako orduan estanpazio sisteman alda daitezkeen parametroak aldatuz egingo da, aldaketa hauek aurrerago azalduko dira. Honen guztiaren helburua emandako pieza hobetzea da bere betekizunak era hoberenean gauzatzeko. Lan honetan hiru emaitza ezberdin azalduko dira hiru egoera ezberdinei era egokienean aurre egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25778,2018-03-20,"This work consists on an analysis about Short Sea Shipping and its offer in the port of Bilbao. It shows a general view about this type of transport system, its defects, virtues and its evolution in recent years. The second part of the study deals with SSS in the port of Bilbao, giving to the reader more detailed information about the services and actions carried out by the port for the development of this type of transport. Finally, two voyages from Bilbao to two destinations are simulated, comparing costs, time and harmful emissions between SSS and traditional road transport with the aim of presenting SSS as a competitive way of transport.","Lan honetan, distantzia laburreko itsas garraioari buruzko analisia egiteaz gain, Bilboko portuak duen eskaintza azaldu egiten da. Hasieran, garraio honi buruzko ikuspegi orokorra aurkezten da, beraren alde onak, alde txarrak eta azken urteetan izan duen eboluzioa aztertuz. Bigarren partean, bereziki Bilboko portuan eskaintzen den TMCDaz hitz egiten da, beraren garapenerako portuak egiten dituen zerbitzuak eta ekintzak azalduz. Azkeniz, Bilbotik bi bidai egingo direla suposatu egingo dugu, bai TMCDaren bidez nola errepidearen bidez, kostua, denbora eta emisio kaltegarriak alderatuz. Honen bitartez TMCDaren lehiakortasuna nabarmendu egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23280,2017-07,"Wind power generation has experienced an exponential growth in the last eight years, until becoming, nowadays, the second source of electric generation in Spain. Due to its importance in the electric grid, the influence of wind turbines on power quality is becoming a significant issue. Its main impact on the grid is shown in form of disturbances such as voltage fluctuations or flicker and harmonic distortion. This end of degree work provides a tool to study the integration in the grid of these disturbances, through the different levels of the wind park. For this, real data recorded in three levels of a wind park have been used. (wind turbine, line with 5 wind turbines and wind park with 16 wind turbines). In this work, firstly, it has been designed and implemented a tool that enables visualize the temporal evolution of flicker and harmonic distortion, the number of wind turbines in operation of the wind park in every moment and the active power generated in each level of integration. Secondly, it has been selected a number of stretches for different operating conditions of the wind park, obtaining results of the perturbations studied. From these results it will be possible to study the existing relationships between the levels of the wind park and to propose more precise models of the integration in the grid of the disturbances studied. This conclusions will be transferred to the IEC Maintenance Team (TC88 MT21) in charge of the IEC 61400-21 standard, since this standard pretends to evaluate the power quality characteristics of grid-connected wind turbines. On the other hand, also will be used to design more accurately the disturbance correction systems installed in wind parks.","Energia eolikoaren sorkuntza hazkunde esponentziala esperimentatu du azken zortzi urteetan, Espainiako bigarren elektriko sorkuntza iturri bihurtu arte. Sare elektrikoan bere garrantziagatik, turbinen eragina energiaren kalitatean, gai nabarmena izaten hasten da. Bere eragin nagusia sarean, perturbazioen bidez adierazten da, hala nola tentsio gorabeherak edo flicker eta distortsio harmonikoa. Gradu bukaerako lan honek, sarean perturbazioen integrazioa ikasi ahal izateko erreminta bat eskaintzen du, parke eolikoko maila desberdinen bidez. Honetarako, parke eoliko bateko 3 integrazio mailetan erregistratutako datu errealak erabili dira (aerosorgailu bat, lerroa 5 aerosorgailuekin eta parke 16 aerosorgailuekin). Lan honetan, lehen, flicker-eko eta distortsio harmonikoko denborazko eboluzioa, parkeko aerosorgailuak martxan dauden kopurua une bakoitzean eta integrazio-maila bakoitzean sortutako potentzia aktiboa ikustea baimentzen duen erreminta diseinatu da. Bigarren lekuan, parkeko funtzionamendu egoera desberdinetarako tarte-kopurua aukeratu da, ikasitako perturbazioen emaitzak lortuz. Emaitza hauetatik aurrera, parkeko mailen arteko erlazioak ikasi eta integrazio modelo zehatzagoak pentsatu ahal izango dira. Ondorio hauek IEC-etako mantenu taldera (TC88 MT21) eraman ahal izango dira, IEC 61400-21 arauaren arduraduna, estandar honek sarera lotuak dauden aerosorgailuen hornitze-kalitatea ebaluatzen duenez gero. Bestalde, parke eolikoetan instalatutak dauden perturbazio zuzentasun sistemak zehazkiago diseinatzeko erabili ahal izango dira ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17675,2016-03-16,"The following academic work introduces an educational intervention which has been carried out in one School of the Basque Country. Its purpose is to attend the needs that children of primary school might present in the field of emotional education. With this as a starting point, the object of study is the technique of mindfulness as a learning tool for the development of emotional competencies. The process of elaboration of the proposal has required research on the object of study and the elaboration of a diagnosis about needs from which the objectives of the intervention have been specified. Among the most significant conclusions of the report it should be highlighted that the student body has been able to identify and verbalize different feelings and emotions with which they have engaged during the practice of mindfulness.","Lan honek Euskal Herriko Ikastola batean aurrera eraman den esku-hartze hezigarria aurkezten du. Lehen hezkuntzako haurrek emozio heziketan aurkezten dituzten gabeziei erantzutea du helburu. Aurretik aipatutakoa abiapuntutzat hartuta, aztergaiak, mindfulness izeneko teknikan du bere oinarria konpetentzia emozionalak garatzeko tresna hezigarri gisa. Proposamenaren lanketak, alde batetik, aztergaiaren inguruko informazioa lortzea, eta, bestetik, esku-hartzearen xedeak zehaztera zuzendu den premien diagnostikoa lantzea eskatu du. Ondorioen artean aipatzekoa da ikasleria gai izan dela hainbat sentimendu eta emozio ezberdin identifikatu eta hitzez adierazteko, zeintzuekin lotura zuzenean sartu den mindfulness praktikarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50166,2021-02-12,"Games for second or foreign language teaching are becoming an innovative educational method in which a safe, immersive environment is created. The main aim of this project is to analyze in-depth the game-types and game-aims that a specific Elementary school has. To that end, observatory-based research has been accomplished. The results of the research revealed the different amount of game-types and game-aims that the Elementary school provided, including in the research two variables: different academic years, and subjects in which English is used. To sum up, the investigation reveals the number of games the school is provided with and the importance of acquiring the foreign language through immersive gaming environments.","Jokoak atzerriko hizkuntzaren irakaskuntzarako tresna bezala erabiltzen ari dira, ingurune segurua eta hizkuntzaren murgilketan oinarritutako metodo berritzailea sortzeko asmoz. Lan honen helburua, Lehen Hezkuntzako eskola zehatz batek dituen joko-mota desberdinak eta jokoen helburuen analisia egitea da. Horretarako, behaketan oinarritutako ikerketa bat burutu da. Ikerketaren emaitzetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako eskola honek dituen joko-motak eta jokoen helburuak batu dira, bi aldagai desberdin kontuan hartuz: ikasturte desberdinak eta ingelesa erabiltzen duten ikasgaiak. Lanean beraz, eskolak eskaintzen dituen jokoen kopurua agertzen da, eta hortaz, atzerriko hizkuntza ikasteko asmoz murgiltze-ingurunean jokoen erabilpenari ematen zaion garrantzia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13941,2015-01-13,"ÈNG] This dissertation consists of a study of the movement of the sand and the analysis of samples from Itzurun and Santiago beaches in Zumaia. The study lasted seven months (November 2013- May 2014), in which five topographic measurements and five sand sampling campaings were carried out in each beach. During this period, the wheather conditions were the roughest in years which resulted in outstanding sand shifts.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, Zumaiako Santiago eta Itzurun hondartzetako hondar mugimendua aztertu eta laginen analisiak egin dira. Azterketa honek zazpi hilabeteko (2013 azaroa – 2014 maiatza) iraupena izan du, orotara bost neurketa topografiko eta bost aldiz laginak bildu direlarik hondartza bakoitzean. Ikerketa garaian, urteetako denborale gogorrenak egokitu dira, non hondar mugimendu handiak neurtu diren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29482,2018-10-31,"In this essay a proposal has been made for the preparation of an exhibition with the navigation instru-ments preserved at the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao (Nautical Studies). The distribution has been adjusted to the space availability in the faculty and offers specific guidelines and suggestions to use the instruments so that visitors may understand their history, use and usefulness. In order to develop this proposal, the evolution of the navigation techniques from the Phoenician era to the present day has been synthesized. The four terms of navigation (course, distance, latitude and longitude) have been used as the main framework, explaining the development of instruments and the knowledge search to solve the problems posed by practical navigation. Some instruments have been selected to show the endeavour on this search. In this research the historical antecedents of nautical compasses, logs, reflection instruments and ma-rine chronometers have been reviewed, along with the nautical publications that have partnered them. In addition, the development of the instruments for radio-navigation during the 20th century has also been addressed. All this has allowed to create a chronological journey that includes several centuries of the history of navigation and reflects the importance of the Nautical College of Bilbao in the training of generations of seamen and navigators.","Lan honetan Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan (Nautika eta Itsasontzi-makineria) gordatutako nabigazio tresnekin antolatutako aurkezpen bat proposatzen da. Banaketa eskolako espazio libreetan kokatuta, bisitariei tresna hauen historia, erabilera eta erabilgarritasuna kontatzeko jarraibideak eta iradokizu-nak ere eskaintzen dira. Proposamen hau sortzeko, laburpen bat egin da nabigazioko tekniketako eboluzioaren inguruan, feni-ziarren garaitik gure egunetaraino. Erreferentzia-markotzat nabigazioaren lau terminoak (norabidea, distantzia, latitudea eta longitudea) hartu dira, eta hauen ezagutza ahalbidetzen duten tresneriaren garapena (eta baita ere garapen horrek ekarritako jakintza teknikoa) deskribatu. Ahalegin hori era fisi-koan ikustarazten duten instrumentuak aukeratu dira horretarako. Ikerketan konpas nautikoen, labanderen, islapen tresnen eta itsas-kronometroen haurrekari historiak errepasatu dira, baita nabigatzeko hauek lagundu dituzten argitalpen nautikoak ere. Horrez gain, XX. mendeko irrati-elektroniko nabigazio tresnen garapena ikutu da. Honek guztiak nabigazioko zenbait mende hartzen dituen ibilbide kronologiko bat sortzea ahalbidetu du, Bilboko Nautika eta Itsasontzi-makineria Eskolak belaunaldiz belaunaldi marinen eta nabigatzaileen prestakuntzan izan duen garrantzia erakutsiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29293,2018-10-23,"INGLÉS The Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) is a promising technology of renewable energy. Besides producing electricity, it has more applications such as the production of fresh water for some of its configurations, air conditioning with sea water and marine cultivation. As it is a technology with a lot of potential, many researchers have focused on how to use it to produce electricity and other fuels such as ammonia or hydrogen. However, this technology has been developed by academic studies and limited demonstration projects, so there is uncertainty about its financial viability for plants on a larger scale. In addition, the lack of an operational demonstration project has also delayed large investments in this technology. This project offers a broad review of this technology (OTEC), its economic aspects, its possible position in the market and a wide comparison with other energy-generating technologies. It also includes an overview about the environmental impact that an OTEC plant can have. We will see that this technology needs a huge initial investment, in addition to having a higher cost compared to other existing technologies. In order to be viable, other products are needed for these plants; such as freshwater production, air conditioning and marine cultivation, especially for the small developing island states, helping their economic development. If the viability of this technology can be improved by integrating the production of derivatives, OTEC can be an important source of electricity, fresh water and food for the world’s population.","EUSKERA Energia Termiko Ozeanikoaren konbertsioa (OTEC),energia berriztagarrien eta etorkizun handiko teknologia da. Elektrizitatea ekoizteaz gain, ur geza produzitzeko ahalmena du, itsasoko urez egokitutako airea, itas laborantzarako erabili daitekeena. Potentzial handiko teknologia izanik, inbestigatzaile askok elektrizitatea ekoiztekomodu bezala bultzatu dute,eta baita amoniakoa eta hidrogenoa bezalako erregaiak ekoizteko. Gaur egun. Hala ere, ziurgabetasun nabaria dago finantzal arloan eta eskala handiagoko proiektueta, orain arte teknologia honen garapena ikasketa eta proiektu mugatuetan oinarrituta egon delako. Teknologia honetan inbertsio asko atzeratu dira,erakusketa bezala balio duen proiektu batenfalta egon delako. Proiektu honetan, teknologiaren ikuspegi zabala ematen da, honen arlo ekonomikoak, merkatuaren kokapen posibleak eta energía ekoizteko veste teknologiekin erkaketak. Gainera, OTEC instalazio batek izan dezakeen ingurumen-inpaktua aztertzen da. Teknologia honek hasierako inbertsio handia behar duela ikusiko dugu, eta gaur egun erabiltzen diren veste teknologiekin konparatuz, kostu handiagoak ditu. Bideragarria izan dadin, beste produktu batzuk integratzea beharrezkoa da landare horiei, esate baterako, ur garbiaren ekoizpena, klimatizazioa eta itsasoko laborantza, batez ere irla uharteetan garatzen ari diren estatuentzat, horrela garapen ekonomikoa laguntzen baitute. Teknologia horren bideragarritasuna hobetu daitekeenean, OTECek elektrizitatea, ur freskoa eta elikadura gehiago ekoizteko bitarteko garrantzitsua izan daiteke planeta osoan zehar." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24235,2017-09,"The aim of this document is to analyze the viability of the black slag as an aggregate to manufacture reinforced concrete that will be used in constructions by the sea. To reach this objective, the data of some previous research will be analyzed. In those researches, the protection that the black slag concrete brings to the steel of the reinforcement bars, in terms of corrosion, is tested and compared with the protection brings by the natural aggregate concrete. Once the analysis is finished, the conclusions obtained will be shown, and, in addition to that, the economic study and the description of the tasks done during the draft will be explained.","Dokumentu honetako helburua zepa beltzaren bideragarritasuna agregakina bezala hormigoi armatuan, itsasertzeko eraikinetan erabiltzeko aztertzea da. Horretarako armaduren korrosioa zahartzean kontrolatzeko saiakuntzak bideratu dira, zepa beltzarekin egindako hormigoiak armadurei ematen dion babesa, agregakina naturalekin egindako hormigoiak ematen dionarekin alderatzeko. Behin emaitzak aztertuz gero, ateratako ondorioak, aurrekontua eta proiektuan egindako zereginen deskribapena aurkeztuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14360,2015-02-06,"The fast increase of new technologies as well as the increased use of public and private transports has led to a rise in noise levels. Furthermore, due to the proximity of the industries to cities and daily work activities, the situation has not improved, but it has worsened. Owing to this increase in sound intensity, the amount of related diseases has also grown. Therefore, solutions for noise level reduction have been increasingly developed. In the particular case of housing near to airports, and due to its relative simplicity, the sound insulation of the building is the commonly adopted solution. This work studies the specific case of a residential building near to the airport of Loiu, Bilbao, and it also gives the simplest possible solution for housing sound insulation.","Teknologia berrien gorakada azkarrak eta garraio publikoaren zein pribatuaren erabileraren handipenak zarata-mailaren handipena ekarri du. Gainera, industrien hurbiltasuna hirietan eta kale mailako eguneroko lanek ez dute egoera hobetu, baizik eta okerrera eraman dute. Ondorioz, soinu intentsitatearen erruz sortzen diren gaixotasunak handitu dira. Hori dela eta, zarata-maila murrizteko irtenbideak gero eta gehiago garatu dira. Aireportutik hurbil dauden etxebizitzen kasuan, normalean burutzen den konponbidea, bere zailtasun maila erlatiboa dela eta, soinu isolamendua da. Artikulu honetan, Loiuko aireportutik hurbil dagoen etxebizitza baten kasu zehatz bat aztertzen da eta etxebizitzaren soinu isolamendua ebazten da, ahalik eta errazena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20875,2017-03-07,"We live in a globalized world where standardized management systems and their evolution, the integrated management system, have had a great impact to achieve competitive advantages, as a result of the social responsibility that business management has to have. Taking this situation into account, the aim of this work is to propose the integration of the most extended management systems (quality, environment and work health and safety) in a company of Basque Country. For that, it has collected information about those management systems first, and then, it has made a study of the current situation in terms of management systems and integration and, from the results obtained, it has proposed a guide for the implementation of an integrated management system. Due to good previous experience in ISO 9001 implementation and limited resources SMEs use to have, ISO 14001 and OHSAS 18001 implementation and certification process, and their integration, will be made with Lloyd’s Register company and, even there is no integration certificate, it will be a final audit to evaluate it.","Bizi garen mundu globalizatuan lehiarako abantaila lortzeko arrakasta handia izan dute kudeaketa sistema normalizatuek, eta hauen eboluzioa den kudeaketa sistema integratuak, erakundeen kudeaketa egokiak hartu duen gizarte-erantzukizun emaitza bezala. Bilakaera hau kontutan izanda, lan honen helburua Euskal Herriko enpresa baten kudeaketa sistema hedatuenen integrazioa (kalitatea, ingurumena eta lanerako segurtasun eta osasuna) planteatzea da. Horretarako, kudeaketa sistemen inguruko informazio teorikoa bildu da lehenengo eta, geroago, enpresak kudeaketa sistemen eta integrazio arloetan egun duen egoeraren azterlana burutu da, lortutako emaitzetatik abiatuta, kudeaketa sistema integratua ezartzeko plana proposatuz. ISO 9001 normarekin izandako esperientzia ona eta ETEek orokorrean duten baliabide mugatuak direla eta, ISO 14001 eta OHSAS 18001 normen ezarpena eta integrazioa egiteko, eta ziurtagiriak lortzeko, Lloyd’s Register enpresaren zerbitzuak kontratatuko dira, eta integrazioren ziurtagiririk ez dagoen arren, hura ebaluatzeko bukaerako auditoria ere egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59976,2023-02-20,"The main objective of this work is to make a first approach to alternative educational projects in the Basque Autonomous Community. On the one hand, the aim is to know the main characteristics of these projects and their current situation, identifying their obstacles or limitations, as well as their benefits and shortcomings for children and society. The second main goal is to know the opinions and reflections that the agents involved in these projects (professionals and families) have on this situation and on the future of alternative education and public education. For this purpose, a theoretical and a qualitative research -through interviews to these agents- will be carried out. Thus, once the results of both have been analyzed and compared, conclusions will be drawn and connected with the objectives.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko hezkuntza-proiektu alternatiboekiko lehen gerturatze bat egitea da. Alde batetik, proiektu hauen ezaugarri nagusiak eta egun duten egoera ezagutu nahi da; haien oztopo edo mugak, eta haurrekiko eta gizartearekiko dituzten onura zein gabeziak identifikatuz. Eta, horrez gain, proiektu hauetan parte hartzen duten eragileek (profesionalek eta familiek) egoera horren eta, baita, hezkuntza alternatiboaren zein hezkuntza publikoaren etorkizunaren inguruan dituzten iritzi eta hausnarketak ezagutzea bilatzen da. Horretarako, ikerketa teoriko bat eta ikerketa kualitatibo bat -eragile horiei egindako elkarrizketen bidezkoa- eramango dira aurrera. Hala, bien emaitzak aztertu eta alderatu ostean, ondorioak aterako dira; hauek helburuekin lotuz, era berean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24354,2015,"In his presentation –reflected in the present article– at the IV Conference in honour of Professor Antonio Beristain, the Ombudsman of the Basque Country analysed the right of victims of terrorism to memory. He based his analysis on the report which the institution he led presented to the Basque Parliament in 2009 concerning the institutional aid to victims of terrorism in the Basque Country.","Antonio Beristain Irakaslearen omenez egindako IV. Topaketan izandako parte-hartzean – zeina artikulu honetan jasotzen den–, Arartekok terrorismoaren biktimen memoria-eskubidea aztertu zuen. Horretarako, Euskadin terrorismoaren biktimei erakundeek emandako arretari buruzko txostenean oinarritu zen, berak zuzentzen zuen erakundeak Euskal Parlamentuari 2009an aurkeztutakoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63180,2023-06-07,"The European migration crisis has put the European institutions and the governments of the Member States in check. Although the European Union has persecuted the social agents that try to save the lives of migrants in the Mediterranean, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), in its sentences Hirsi Jamaa and Others v Italy, and Sharifi and Others v. Italy and Greece, clearly states that rescue is a legal obligation. This dissertation is about analyzing the repressive response to the migratory phenomenon in the Mediterranean, based on international legislation, European Union legislation and Italian and Spanish legislation on rescue and immigration. Specifically, the paper analyzes the criminalizing behavior of Italy towards NGOs and the lack of cooperation from the rest of the Member States, together with the externalization of European borders and the violation of the human rights of migrants.","Europako migrazio-krisiak kolokan jarri ditu Europako erakundeak eta Estatu kideetako gobernuak. Europar Batasunak Mediterraneoan migratzaileen bizitzak salbatzen lan egiten duten gizarte-eragileak jazarri baditu ere, Giza Eskubideen Europako Auzitegiak Hirsi Jamaa and Others vs Italy, eta Sharifi and Others v. Italy and Greece sententzietan argi adierazten du erreskatea betebehar juridikoa dela. Erreskate eta inmigrazioari buruzko Nazioarteko legedia, Europar Batasuneko legedia eta Italiako zein Espainiako legedian oinarrituz, Mediterraneoko migrazio-fenomenoari emandako erantzun errepresiboa aztertu nahi du lan honek. Zehazki, Italiak GKEekiko duen jokabide kriminalizatzailea eta gainerako estatu kideen lankidetza eskasa aztertzen da, Europako mugak esternalizatzearekin eta migratzaileen giza eskubideak urratzearekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63038,2023-06-07,"In this work I inted to analyze the change of perspective of law in relation to Nature and how it has evolved from an instrumental and accesory environmental position to the civil rights recognized in the European Convention of Human Rights (ECHR), to be considered as a subject of rights, that is, to have an intrinsic value.","Lan honetan bitartez, Zuzenbidearen ikuspegiaren aldaketa aztertu nahi dut naturareriko, eta nola aldatu diren Giza Eskubideen Europako Hitzarmenean (GEEH) aitortutako eskubide zibilen ingurumen-posizio instrumental era osagarri batetik, eskubideen subjeltutzat hartzeko batera, hau da, berezko balioa izatera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25109,2005,"This contribution proposes a model of legal regulation for the cannabis market, inspired by the norms that regulate low graduation alcoholic beverages and tobacco. As a transitional model the author proposes the consumers’ club model, with non commercial production in a closed circuit.","Kannabisaren merkaturako lege-erregulazio eredu bat proposatzen da, graduazio baxuko edari alkoholiko eta tabakoari buruzko araudietan oinarritua. Trantsitzio eredu gisa, kontsumitzaile klubena planteatzen da, zirkuitu itxiko ekoizpen ez-komertzialarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72778,2025-02-14,"This end of degree project studies the situation of cadets in the maritime sector during their internship period on board merchant navy ships, with the aim of clarifying both the living conditions and the legal and working conditions of the students in order to give an overview of their role in the industry and to propose possible improvements in the quality of life of students on board. For this purpose, data has been collected from different publications and databases, including ""Scopus"", and a survey has been carried out among nautical and marine students who have done internships on board, in which 25 people have participated. By carrying out this work, light has been shed on the circumstances of the students who do their work experience on board, revealing deficiencies in the field of the maritime industry. It has therefore been concluded that there is considerable precariousness in this area and possible measures have been proposed to improve the situation in the future.","Gradu-amaierako lan honetan, itsas sektoreko ikasleen egoera aztertzen da itsasontzi merkanteetan praktikak egiten dituzten bitartean. Helburua kadeteen bizi-baldintzak, lan-baldintzak eta lege-antolaera argitzea da, industrian duten zereginaren ikuspegi orokorra emateko eta itsasontzietako ikasleen bizi-kalitatean izan daitezkeen hobekuntzak planteatzeko. Helburu horrekin, hainbat argitalpen eta datu-basetako informazioa bildu da, ""Scopus"" plataforma barne, eta itsasontzian praktikak egin dituzten nautikako ikasleen artean inkesta bat egin da, 25 pertsonak parte hartu dutelarik. Lan hori eginda, ontziratutako praktikak egiten dituzten ikasleen inguruabarrak argitu dira, eta lan-eremuan gabeziak daudela erakutsi da. Horrenbestez, eremu horretan prekarietate nabarmena dagoela ondorioztatu da, eta etorkizuneko egoera hobetzeko neurri posibleak planteatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21527,2017-05-16,"With the increase of the number of telecommunication operators, nowadays there are many operators offering services over the same geographical area, those operators can be big ones, who have physical infrastructure and spectrum license, or virtual operators who offer services exploiting the infrastructures of the big operators. Each one has its own politics and strategies regarding to clients and pricing. In the actual market, all the operators fight with each other for achieving the maximum number of clients as possible, without taking into account the physical resources limitations due to the maintenance of the connection of each user in spite of they aren’t using it constantly. In this Project a new connection way is laid out; operator started tethering connection. Tethering is a connection sharing strategy in which a node is allowed to reach the net thought other node’s connection saving this way the resources needed for one of the nodes. Besides, it allows the intermediate node work as a cache, bringing closer some contents to other users. In this work the application of bi-objective heuristics for the design of Pareto-optimal network topologies is studied depending of the different relational policies applied by the operators. This policies, will condition the obtained results, influencing the revenue of the incumbent operators in the scenario and the quality of service degradation experienced by the end users as a result of tethering Coalition and competition relationships are established between operators and different network topologies are proposed. These topologies will be obtained by the heuristic Harmony Search Algorithm.","Telekomunikazio operadoreen hazkuntzarekin, bai operadore handiak, azpiegitura, antena eta irrati espektro propioak dituztenak, bai operadore birtualak zerbitzuak aurrekoei baliabideak alokatuz eskaintzen dituztenak, gaur egun, operadore asko daude azalera geografiko berean zerbitzuak ematen. Bakoitzak bere politika eta estrategia propioekin, bezeroei zein prezioei dagokionez. Gaur egungo merkatuan, operadore guztiak elkarrekin lehiatzen dute ahalik eta bezero kopuru handiena lortzeko asmotan eduki dezaketen errekurtso muga kontuan hartu gabe. Bezero bat operadorearen estaldura eremuan sartzen denean, automatikoki beharrezko baliabideak erreserbatzen dira berarentzat eta konexioa uneoro mantentzen da nahiz eta erabilera konstantea ez izan. Proiektu honetan, dispositibo edo gailuen konexio modu berri bat aurkezten da: operadoreak hasitako tethering-a. Tethering-a, errekurtsoen banaketa estrategia bat da, zeinak dispositibo bat tarte nodo bezala funtzionatzea ahalbidetzen duen. Modu honetan, operadoreak kudeatuta gailu bakarrarentzat errekurtso erreserba egin daiteke nahiz eta gehiago zerbitzatu. Gainera, content catching mekanismoak gehituta, tarteko dispositiboak cache bezala erabiltzea ahalbidetu dezake sareko edukiak bezeroengana hurbilduz. Proiektu honetan operadoreek euren artean aplikatzen dituzten erlazio-politika ezberdinen efektua aztertzen da, operadoreak izango dituen irabazietan eta tethering konexioen eraginez erabiltzaileak jasandako kalitate murrizketan. Politika hauek sortutako sarea eta emaitzak baldintzatzen dituzte, aztertutako bi parametroetan. Koalizio eta konpetentzia erlazioak zehaztuko dira hauei zuzenean erlazionatutako eta optimizazio multiobjetibo algoritmo baten bidez, Harmony Search, lortutako pareto-optimoak diren sare topologia ezberdinak proposatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42128,2020-03-11,"This work adress the implementation of the Information and Communication Technologies, specifically in the case of micro and self-employed companies. Being more general terms such as the fourth industrial revolution or the digital transformation the starting point, little by little it is immersed in ICT, until it isintroduced into the company. The study isaccompanied by real data from Spain and the Basque Autonomous Community, with the intention of tracking nearby data and knowing the situation. Finally, it analyses the real case of the micro-company “Luluaga Gestión 2018 S.L.”. To do this, the systems and technologies used will be analysed closely and in depth, and after reaching conclusions, decisions will be made and new ICT implementations will be proposed to improve the company's activity as contribution.","Lan honetan Informazio eta Komunikazio Teknologien inplementazioa lantzen da, mikroenpresa zein autonomoen kasuan zehazki. Lanaren abiapuntua laugarren industria iraultza edo eraldaketa digitala bezalako termino orokorragoak izanik, pixkanaka IKTetan murgiltzen da, hauek enpresan barneratu arte. Hau guztia Espainiako eta Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko datu errealek lagunduta dator atal bakoitzean, gertuko datuen jarraipena egin eta egoera ezagutzeko asmoz. Azkenik, “Luluaga gestión 2018 S.L.” mikroenpresaren kasu erreala aztertzen da gertutik. Honetarako, enpresaren egungo sistemak eta teknologiak gertutik eta sakon aztertzen dira lehenengo, eta ondorio batzuetara iritsi ondoren, erabaki batzuk hartu eta enpresaren jarduera hobetzeko balio izango duten IKT inplementazio berriak proposatzen dira ekarpen erara." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19274,2016-10-14,"The aim of this project is the development and elaboration of a process sheet for machining a brake disc for an automobile. Throughout this project, the component will be drawn in a CAD software (Solid Edge ST8) and processed in CAM software (Surfcam Velocity 4) in which the trajectories will be defined and the cutting parameters calculated for each operation in order to obtain the final form of the component. On the other hand, the machine to use will be chosen from the power of each operation. Finally, with all these information, the process sheet will be developed.","Proiektu honen helburua, automobilerako balazta diskaren mekanizaziorako prozesu orriaren garapena eta egitura da. Proiektu honetan zehar, osagaia CAD (Solid Edge ST8) software batean marraztuko da eta CAM (Surfcam Velocity 4) software batean prozesatuko da. Honekin, osagaiaren azken forma lortzeko, ibilbideak definituko dira eta eragiketa bakoitzeko kalkulatuko dira ebaketa-parametroak. Beste aldetik, eragiketa bakoitzeko potenziatik erabilitako makina aukeratuko da. Azkenik, informazio guzti honekin prozesu orriaren garapena egingo da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26281,1989,This is an exposition of how Pío Baroja's works deal with several questions of criminological interest.,Interés kriminologikoa duten zenbait kuestiok Pío Barojaren obretan jasotzen duten tratamenduaren azalpena. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47908,2020-11-12,"The aim of this work is to analyze the use of the body in Primary Education. Has been observed the space offered to the body in school and also, the impact that the movement slots have on the development of learning. Therefore, school documents have been analyzed and some interventions have been designed. According to the data obtained, giving the body the same importance that is given to other subjects, we can conclude that the development of learning could be improved. We also believe that more research like this, could help to achieve meaningful learning.","Lanaren helburua gorputzaren erabilera Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgelan aztertzea da. Horretarako, eskola konkretu batean gorputzari eskaintzen zaion tartea eta tarte motorrek ikaskuntza garapenean zer nolako eragina duten aztertu da. Ikerketan, ikastetxeko dokumentuak aztertu eta esku-hartze txiki batzuk diseinatu, inplementatu eta ebaluatu dira. Datuen arabera, gorputzari beste ikasgaiei ematen zaien garrantzia emateak ikaskuntza garapena hobe lezake. Beraz, interesgarria izango litzateke horrelako ekintzak egitea ikaskuntza esanguratsua lortu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50738,2021-03-22,"It is necessary to start with the belief that there is another way to teach mathematics, because its importance in early primary school requires it. It is essential to achieve competent students in mathematics, as maths contributes in their cognitive structure: oneself’s knowledge, knowledge on the environment and, also offers students a series of tools that help them develop in their daily lives. In early primary school, knowledge must be global, integrated into their environment, and for this purpose the teacher is a key element, as he or she will offer activities and resources to facilitate learning, making use of manipulative materials that will offer children a variety of educational proposals.","Beharrezkoa da matematika eskaintzeko beste modu bat badagoela sinestea, Haur Hezkuntzako gelan duen garrantziak hala eskatzen baitu. Matematikan trebatutako ikasleak lortu behar dira. Izan ere, matematika bere egitura kognitiboan garrantzia duelako, hau da, bere buruaren eta ingurunearen ezagutzan eta bere eguneroko bizitzan garatzeko balio dioten tresna batzuk eskaintzen dizkielako. Haur Hezkuntzan, ezagutza globala izan behar du, bere ingurunean integratua eta horretarako maisu- maistrak funtsezko piezak dira prozesu horretan. Horretarako, ikaskuntza errazteko jarduerak eta baliabideak eskainiko dizkio, material manipulagarriekin proposamen didaktikoak eskainiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54958,2022-01-13,"Analysis of the subrogation of the current and previous urban leasing law. Subrogation is understood as the right of the tenant's relatives to be able to put themselves in their position within the lease, acquiring its rights and obligations, as long as the situations regulated in said laws concur.","Maizterraren subrogazioaren azterketa indarrean dagoen Hiri-errentamenduen Legearen eta aurreko lege testuen arauetan. Subrogazioa maizterraren senideek errentamendu-kontratuaren barruan haren posizio juridikoan jarri ahal izateko duten eskubidea da, maizterraren eskubideak eta betebeharrak bereganatuz, betiere lege horietan araututako supostuen barnean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26130,1992,"it is analised the subject of drug-delinquency and all its problems and treatment, centring on the drug addicts in prison and the possibility of alternative measures","drogo-gaiztakeriaren gertakisuna, bere ebazkizun eta osabidea, ikasten batez ere drogazale atxilotua eta arazo azalpenatzeko neurri berriak, egileak azaltzen du" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53955,2021-11-22,"In this work, computer vision and AI algorithms are developed using visual odometry in order to estimate the position and location of a vehicle and also to recognize and classify objects in the environment. Specifically, algorithms that allow stereo cameras calibration, object pose estimation and disparity and depth map generation with object recognition and classification are designed. Theoretical fundamentals needed to design them are analysed and results in each algorithm are shown. Advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are also discussed. To do this, we work in Python together with vision and image segmentation packages such as OpenCV and PixelLib. A review about the State of the Art in techniques for pose estimation in exploration vehicles and object recognition and classification is done. Visual techniques applied in past and future space exploration missions are also analysed.","Lan honetan ordenagailu bidezko ikusmen- eta adimen artifizialeko algoritmoak garatzen di- ra, ikusmen-odometria erabiliz ibilgailu baten posizioa eta kokapena balioesteaz gain inguruneko objektuak antzematea eta sailkatzea ahalbidetzen dutenak. Zehazki, estereo kamera sistema bat kalibratzea, objektu baten posea balioztatzea, eta desberdintasun- eta sakontasun-mapak sortzea ahalbidetzen duten eta objektuak antzeman eta sailkatu ditzaketen algoritmoak diseinatzen dira. Horiek diseinatzeko behar diren oinarri teorikoak aztertzen dira eta algoritmo bakoitzean lortutako emaitzak erakusten dira. Erabilitako tekniken abantailak eta desabantailak ere eztabaidatzen dira. Horretarako Python-en lan egiten da, OpenCV eta PixelLib bezalako irudi segmentazio eta ikusmen paketeen laguntzarekin. Halaber, Artea-Egoeraren berrikuspen bat egiten da esplorazio-ibilgailuak kokatzeko eta objektuak detektatu eta sailkatzeko tekniketan. Iraganeko eta etorkizuneko espazio- esplorazioko misioetan erabilitako ikus-teknikei buruz azterketa bat ere egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25279,2001,"From the perspective of the legislative policy on the subject of terrorism, the project of the Law passed on 16 November 2000, about the modification of the Law 10/1995, of 23 November, about the penal Code, and the Law 5/2000, of 12 January, that regulates the criminal responsibility of the minors, in relation to terrorism crimes is analyzed. Firstly, this Project is historically examined, taking into account the evolution of the legislation. Next, the sense of the penal Law on the subject of antiterrorism is described. Also, a reflection about the specific sanction policy in this matter is made mentioning the different problems caused in this field.","Terrorismo gaian dagoen politika legislatibotik abiatuta 2000ko azaroaren 16an aprobatutako lege organikoaren proiektua eta 2000/5 lege organikoa, urtarrilaren 12-koa adingabekoen erantzunkizunaz erregulatzen duena aztertzen dira, Kode penala aprobatzen duen 10/1995 azaroaren 23ko lege organikoaren eraldapena. Horretarako, lehendabizi proiektua historikoki kokatzen da, legeriaren eboluziopean, ondoren antiterrorismo gaiaren erregulazio penala deskribatuz. Hau hala izanik zigor politikari buruzko erreflexio bat da, gai honen inguruan azaltzen diren arazoei aurre eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29270,2018-10-23,"This final degree project primarily adresses the issue of the design of an electronic control and an electric power generation and distribution for a theoretical isolated micro hydro power plant. It is mostly focused on rural communities in developing countries and it is documented on the basis of manuals used by Non Governamental Organizations for Development (NGO for Development). During the development of the project the design of the civil Works has also been tackled in summiresed form, but without developing It. With regard to the electronic control, it has been made a design which is seeking to make an improvement to the proposed by one of this NGOs. The electric power distribution has been made based on the current spanish regulation, in order to put in practice the basics in the design of this kind of instalations. Lastly, there has been a collaboration in the preparation of a scale model which tried to simulate the full power operation of one of this micro power plant, selecting the components that where used to generate electrical power.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau isolatutako mikrozentral hidroelektriko teoriko baten kontrol elektronikoa eta deistribuzio eta sorkuntza elektrikoa jorratzen du. Batez ere, garapen bidean dauden herrialdetako nekazal eremuetara dago bideratuta, eta garapenerako gobernuz kanpoko erakundeek (GGKE) erabilitako eskuliburuetan dago dokumentatuta. Lanaren garapenean, mikrozentral baten obra zibilaren diseinua labur jorratu da ere. Mikrozentral hidroelektrikoaren kontrola lantzeko momentuan, GGKE batek egindakoa hobetzen saiatu gara. Antolamendu elektrikoa Espainiako araudiaren arabera egin da; horrelako instalazioen diseinuaren oinarriak praktikan jartzeko. Azkenik, mikrozentral hauetako batek potentzia osoan duen funtzionamenduaren maketa erakusgarri batean kolaboratu egin da, sorkuntza elektrikoa lortzeko konponenteak hautatzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69690,2024-10-04,"In this paper, an analysis and description of the process of individualization of the penalty is intended. For this, it is appropriate to delve into the purposes of the penalty, the principles of the current state model, and the elements of the theory of crime, as elements that affect the current determination system. In addition, I have chosen to culminate the work with a practical review of the process in question, which will allow us to observe the sensitivity of the order that the jurisdictional bodies must follow in the resolutions.","Lan honetan zigorra indibidualizatzeko prozesua aztertu eta deskribatu nahi da. Horretarako, zigorraren xedeak, egungo estatu-ereduaren printzipioak eta delituaren teoriaren elementuen sakontzea ezinbestekoa dut, indarrean dagoen determinazio-sisteman eragiten duten elementuak diren aldetik. Gainera, lana prozesuaren berrikuspen praktiko batekin amaitzea erabaki dut, horrek aukera emango baitigu jurisdikzio-organoek ebazpenetan jarraitu behar duten ordenaren sentsibilitatea ikusteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29385,2018-10-30,"Arrhythmias are known as irregularities that happen in the cardiac conduction system. These heart rate variations can occur when the heart rate is accelerated or decreased, and they do not necessarily have to be irregular. However, arrhythmias usually create irregular rhythms when abnormalities occur in the physiological pacemaker of the heart or in the electrical system of the heart. There are several types of arrhythmias, some of the most typical ones are those occurring in the atria. A patient suffers atrial fibrillation (AF) when the beats that occur in those cavities are disorganized. AF is the most common arrhythmia, as well as being the one that causes most expenses in the health system. In fact, in the last decade the prevalence of this arrhythmia has been increasing, and it is expected that it will get worse due to the aging of the population. AF is not one of the most serious arrhythmias, since it doesn ́t put human lives at risk. However, it is very detrimental for the patient ́s health, since people suffering from this disease could have a high risk of morbidity in case of suffering heart failure or an embolism. Thus, we can conclude that it is very important to find methods that predict AF. Therefore, that ́s what is going to be developed in this project. To obtain this goal, we will take some information of certain patients which, as it will be explained later, is basedon records called electrocardiograms. Therefore, after processing this information, different algorithms will be developed to predict AF. Finally, the results obtained from these algorithms will be analyzed, which will help us to conclude if these methods are reliable or not.","Bihotzeko arritmiak bihotzaren funtzio elektrikoan gertatzen diren irregulartasunak dira.Bihotzeko erritmoaren aldaketa hauek, erritmoa bizkortzeagatik ala gutxiagotzeagatik izan daitezke, eta ez dira nahitaez irregularrak izan behar. Hala ere, normalean arritmiek erritmo irregularra sortzen dute, bihotzaren berezko taupadan edota bihotzaren sistema elektrikoan anomaliak agertzen direnean. Zenbait arritmia mota aurki daitezke; horien artean, aurikuletan agertzen dena bereiz daiteke. Kasu honetan, aurikuletan ematen diren taupadak desorekatuak direnean fibrilazio aurikularra (FA) agertu dela esaten da. FA bihotz-arritmiarik ohikoena dela esan ohi da, baita osasun sisteman kosturik handiena eragiten duena ere. Izan ere, azkeneko hamarkadan FA ren prebalentzia handituz joan da, eta okerrera jarraituko du gizartearen zahartzearen ondorioz. FA ez da arritmien artean larriena, arritmia mota honek ez baitu berez gizakiaren bizitza arriskuan ipintzen. Hala ere, oso kaltegarria da bizitzarako. Izan ere, arritmia honek pertsona batengan bihotz-gutxiegitasunagatik edo enbolia batengatik morbilitate arrisku altua izatea eragin ditzake. Hau guztia dela eta, FA aurresateko metodoak izatea oso garrantzitsua dela ondoriozta dezakegu. Hori izango da, beraz, proiektu honetan zehar garatuko dena. Horretarako, zenbait pazienteren informazioaz baliatuko da, geroago azalduko den moduan, informazio hori elektrokardiograma deituriko erregistroetan oinarrituta egongo da. Beraz, erregistro horiek abiapuntutzat edukita, eta informazio jakin hori prozesatu eta landu ondoren, FA aurresateko zenbait algoritmo garatuko dira. Azkenik, garatutako algoritmo horiekin lortutako emaitzak aztertuko dira, metodo hauek fidagarriak diren ala ez ondorioztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53944,2021-11-22,"The aim of this project is to implement robust network security monitoring tools. In addition, these tools will be provided with intelligence by means of complementary modules. The raison of this project stems from the importance that cybersecurity has gained in society in recent times due to the growth of cyber-attacks in the business environment. As a result, it is increasingly necessary to protect corporate infrastructures of companies and to have a strict control of network security. To complete the objective, various alternatives will be analyzed in order to find the one that best fits the project. Once the solution has been selected, based on the requirements of the project, the final solution will be designed. To this end, a centralized network security monitoring solution will be designed and implemented, providing it with a module that brings intelligence and automatic learning to the solution. Subsequently, the solution will be evaluated and validated.","Proiektu honen helburua, sarearen monitorizazioko tresna sendoak inplementatzean datza. Gainera, tresna hauei adimena emango zaie modulu osagarrien bidez. Proiektu honen arrazoia, azken garaietan, eremu industrialean eraso informatikoen hazkundeen ondorioz, zibersegurtasun arloaren garrantziaren hazkundean oinarritzen da. Ondorioz, azpiegitura korporatiboak babestea eta sarearen kontrol zorrotza edukitzea gero eta beharrezkoagoa da. Helburua betetzeko, aukera ezberdinak aztertuko dira, proiektuari hobeto moldatuko dena aukeratzeko helburuarekin. Behin ebazpena aukeratuta, espezifikazioetan oinarrituta, ebazpenaren diseinua egingo da. Horretarako, sarearen monitorizazio zentralizatua diseinatu eta inplementatuko da, halaber, adimena eta ikasketa automatikoa gehituko dion modulu bat gehituz. Ondoren, ebazpena aztertu eta balidatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17651,2016-03-16,"In this work is shown a diagnosis related to the relational needs: using ethnographic procedures, it has been analyzed in a school of Granada which site the relational needs have and how they are taken when organizing social interaction to learn and teach the contents. In the diagnosis’ theoretical basis is the constructivist approach which has sociocultural orientation and also contributions on the socio affective development. This work aims to emphasize the importance of social interaction in the process of teaching and learning in schools, putting on the table the academic part and also the affective side of the student. On the diagnosis appears that the relational needs are not always satisfied and with a view of satisfying them, some lines that may be useful are proposed.","Lan honetan harreman beharrizanen inguruko diagnostiko bat aurkezten da: prozedura etnografikoak erabiliz, Granadako eskola batean edukiak ikasi eta irakasteko antolatzen den gizarte- elkarrekintzan harreman beharrizanek zein toki duten eta nola hartzen diren aztertu da. Diagnostikoaren oinarri teorikoan orientabide soziokulturala duen ikuspegi konstruktibista dago eta baita garapen sozio afektiboari buruzko ekarpenak ere. Lan honekin azpimarratu nahi izan da gizarte-elkarrekintzak duen garrantzia irakaste eta ikaste prozesuetan eskolan, alde akademikoaz gain alde afektiboa ere mahai gainean jarriz. Diagnostikoan harreman beharrizanak batzuetan ez direla asetzen agertzen da eta asetzeari begira erabilgarriak izan daitezkeen ildo batzuk proposatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69774,2024-10-08,"The main objective of this study is to highlight the imminent impact that AI will have (and is having) on labour relations. To this end, the work is based on 4 pillars: to contextualise AI in the current era (defining AI; explaining its origin, present and future; naming the positions that are inclined and reluctant towards the use of AI, etc.); to indicate the national and EU legal framework governing the use and creation of AI systems; to highlight the relevance of the already approved proposal for the EU Regulation on AI (or AI Law) and to indicate the role of algorithmic systems in labour relations.","Azterlan honen helburu nagusia da IAk lan-harremanetan izango duen (eta izaten ari den) berehalako eragina nabarmentzea. Horretarako, 4 zutabetan oinarrituta dago lana: IA gaur egungo garaiaren testuinguruan kokatzea (IA definitzea; haren jatorria, oraina eta etorkizuna azaltzea; joera jarrerak IAren erabilerarekiko uzi gisa izendatzea, eta abar); IAren sistemen erabileran eta sorreran agintzen duen esparru juridiko nazionala eta komunitarioa adieraztea; IAren EBren erregelamendu-proposamen jada onartuaren garrantzia nabarmentzea (edo IAren Legea), eta sistema algoritmikoek lan-harremanetan duten zeregina adieraztea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63501,2023-06-13,"This study has its raison d'être in the draft agreement on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction reached within the United Nations Organisation, better known as “BBNJ Treaty”. Although it is a remarkable achievement, it is worth reflecting on the lack of provisions for dealing with a possible oil spill and its consequences. Having the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea as a starting point, the framework of rules that has regulated this issue is analysed, highlighting their most important characteristics and assessing their applicability to the case.","Azterlan honen izateko arrazoia Nazio Batuen Erakundean jurisdikzio nazionalen haratago dauden itsas biodibertsitatea kontserbatzeko eta modu jasangarrian erabiltzeko testu baten zirriborroari buruzko lortutako akordioa da, “BBNJ tresna”. Esparru honetan lorpen bat den arren, ez dago xedapenik hidrokarburoak isuriz gero nola jokatu behar den zehazteko eta gogoeta egin beharra dago honen inguruan. Itsas Zuzenbideari buruzko Nazio Batuen Konbentzioaren arauek agindutakoa erreferentzia gisa hartuta, gai hau arautu duten legeen sarea aztertzen da, haien ezaugarri garrantzitsuenak eta aplikagarritasuna aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41365,2020-02-20,"Gifted Students belong to the group of students with Special Educational Needs. However, in some cases that condition is not properly diagnosed, and thus, students don´t receive an adequate response that answers their educational needs. Kindergarten is vital for the early identification of those educational needs. The aim of this bachelor´s degree project was to analyse the knowledge and opinion of ten professionals in Early Education about the identification and educational aids involved in the teaching-learning process. For that purpose teachers working in Kindergarten age and Therapeutic Pedagogy teachers have been interviewed. Furthermore, suitable educational strategies to answer the educational needs of these students will be presented.","Adimen Gaitasun Handiko (AGH) ikasleak hezkuntza-laguntza behar duten haurren taldean sartzen dira. Alabaina, ume hauek ez identifikatzea gerta liteke, beraz, bere ezaugarrietara eta beharretara egokitutako hezkuntza-erantzuna ez ematea dakar. Haur Hezkuntzako etapa ezinbestekoa da goiz detektatzeko. Horregatik, lan honen helburua hamar profesionalek AGHko haurren identifikazio eta laguntzaren inguruan daukaten ezaguera eta iritzia aztertzea izan da; horretarako, Haur Hezkuntzako eta Pedagogia Terapeutikoko hainbat irakasleri egindako elkarrizketen erantzunak jaso dira. Era berean, ikasle hauei erantzun egokia emateko hezkuntza estrategiak azaldu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26224,1991,"If we pay attention to the gravity of the problem of drug addiction in our societies, the question of the sensible choice of the instrument of fight against this phenomenon seems compelling and needs an inmediate answer. This answer has begun to appear in Spain in different ways: from the activity of the Central Government and, also, in the context of the Autonomic Communities, which have even presented to their own Legislative Chambers Draft Bills about this matter.","Gure gizartean drogomenpekotasunaren arazoaren garrantzia aintzat hartzen ba dugu, hauzi horen aurkako borrokarako era egokiaren aukerak berehalako erantzun bar behar du. Iardeste hori Espainian sortzen hasi da modu desberdinez: Gobernu Zentralaren ekintzetan eta Komunitate Autonomoetan, zeintzuk beren Lege-Etxeetan sail honi buruzko Lege-gaiak aurkeztu dituzte jadanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26220,1994-12,"It is studied the migratory movements evolution in Spain pointing out that now it is a receiving country. Likewise it is explained the characteristics of foreigners situation in penitentiary field and it is compared with other countries tendencies. Besides this, it is studied the foreigner as a victim indicating the hidden crime rate.","Espainian migraziozko mugimenduen garapena aztergai hartzen da, herri hartzaile bihurtu dela azpimarratuz. Halaber, penitentziari arloan atzerritarren egoeraren ezaugarriak azaldu eta beste herrietakoekin konparatzen dira. Honekin batera atzerritarra biktima bezala ikertu egiten da, gaizkintzaren zifra beltza erakutsiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20317,2017-01-12,"This Project aims to specify and develop a software and a hardware platform for configuration, management and interoperability between equipment and medical devices, structuring the generation, storage and exchange of all type of information, pictures, documents and data. The system is structured as a tool in basis of a Web Server with superposed functional layers formed by procedures modules and communication interfaces so as to ease device integration projects to non-expert users. Based on the tool, an application for connecting different users and interfaces (Wireless Interface, Ethernet, etch) is developed. The server takes charge of analyzing the data which is received from the interfaces, storing it in an external database, notifying if the patient needs immediate care and providing information to any users (patient or doctor) who request. The patient will wear a Wearable all time, which will send captured data to the system. Both the patient and the doctor will be able to access the data by mean of a mobile application and/or a computer software.","Proiektu honen helburua gailu eta ekipamendu medikuen arteko konfigurazioa, kudeaketa eta elkarreragingarritasuna zehazteko eta hedatzeko software eta hardware plataforma bat zehaztea eta garatzea da, informazio-mota guztietarako sorkuntza, biltegiratze eta trukea egituratuz, hau da, irudiak, dokumentuak eta datuak. Sistema hau Web zerbitzari batean oinarritzen da, prozedura-modulu eta komunikazio-interfazeek sortutako maila funtzional ezberdinak dituena, gailuak integratzeko proiektuak erraztatzeko, batez ere adituak ez diren erabiltzaileentzat. Tresnan oinarrituta, erabiltzaile eta interfaze (Wireless, Ethernet, etab.) ezberdinen konexioa lortzeko aplikazio bat sortzen da. Zerbitzaria interfazeek jasotzen dituzten datuak aztertzeaz, kanpoko datu-base batean sartzeaz, gaixoak berehalako arreta behar duen edo ez jakinarazteaz eta eskatzen duen edozein erabiltzaileri (gaixo edo mediku) informazioa emateaz arduratzen da. Gaixoak wearable bat eramango du jantzita uneoro, sistemari hartutako datuak bidaliko dizkiona. Bai gaixoak eta baita doktoreak ere datuetara sartzeko gai izango dira aplikazio mugikorra edo ordenagailu-software bat erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64086,2023-07-07,"From ancient times, sexual violence has been necessarily connected to armed conflicts. In the last decades, sexual crimes during armed conflicts have turn into a very effective war tool, which its practice has noticed an increasement, specially in the case of women, provoking serious human rights violantions and comitting international crimes. The present work tries to expose the evolution in the use of sexual violence and in its international legal regulation, as well as the different considerations shown by the International Tribunals in their jurisprudence about the different types of comission, which will demonstrate that they could be considerate such as war crimes, crimes against the humanity and genocide, depending on the different circumstances they have been commited.","Antzinatik, indarkeri sexuala eta gatazka armatuak lotutak egon dira. Azkenengo hamarkadetan gerra garaiko sexu-delituak tresna oso eraginkorra bihurtu dira. Horren praktika areagotu egin da, batez ere emakumezkoen generoaren aurka, giza eskubideen eta nazioarteko krimenen urraketa larriak eraginez.Lan honek sexu-indarkeriaren erabileraren zein bere araudi juridiko-nazioartekoaren bilakaera erakusten saiatzen da.Nazioarteko zigor-arloko auzitegiek komisio-mota ezberdinei buruzko jurisprudentzian aintzat hartzen dituzten gogoeta desberdinak nabarmenduko dira;gerra krimenak ,gizateriaren aurkako krimenak edo genozidioak izan daitezkeela frogatuko du, egiten diren inguruabarren arabera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19857,2016-12-14,"This End of Grade work aims to present a project that develops a motorcycle steering head with adjustable pitch, taking as input data the standard dimensions of a usual steering head. Thus, it seeks to achieve an overall adjustable system which can be installed on different motorcycles with slight modifications. The caster angle is related to the motorcycle´s trail. This angle is a parameter that has explicit relationship with the stability of the motorcycle. The advantage of being able to vary the caster angle according to the conditions of the route that is going to be performed, provides a great interest to motorcycle enthusiasts, that is even higher in championships. For this reason, in collaboration with the Mechanical Department of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao arises the idea os studying the way to regulate such variation. The author of the End of Grade work proposes a solution based on the knowledge acquired during the Industrial Engineering Degree, learning that has been increased thanks to the the information gained for the realization of this project. In order to have a clear and visual representation of the solution, the author adds a CAD model of the solution with the corresponding planes.","Gradu amaierako lan honetaren helburua jaurtiketa angelu erregularri duen direkzio piparen garapena da, ohizko direkzio pipa baten dimentsioen datuak oinarritzat hartuta. Modu honetan, erregularri den sistema orokor bat bilatzen da, non motozikleta ezberdinetan instalatu ahal den, diseinuan zenbait aldaketa arin eginez. Jaurtiketa angelua motozikletaren aurrerapenarekin erlazionatuta dago. Aurrerapena lotura esplizitua du motozikletaren egonkortasunarekin. Hori dela eta, jaurtiketa angelua aldatzeko posibilitatea ahalbidetzea egingo den ibilbidearean arabera, abantail eta interés handia sortarazten die motozoklismoaren jarratzaile sutsuei, are gehiago lehiaketa munduan. Arrazoi hauengaitik, Bilboko Ingenieritza Goi Eskola Teknikoaren Mekanikako Departamenduaren lankidetzarekin, jaurtiketa angelua erregulatzea ahalbidetzen duen sistema ikastearen idea sortzen da. Gradu amaierako lan honetako egilea komponbide bat proposatzen du Teknologia Industrialaren Ingenieritza Graduan lortutako ezagutzaren ondorioz eta proiektua egitearren jasotako informazioaren arabera. Konponbidearen irudipen argia izatearren, egileak CAD modelu bat txertatzen du honi dagozkion planoekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19695,2016-12-01,"Analysis of an X-ray equipment with such a low power (30 kV of acceleration potential) that it allows not to declare itself as a radioactive installation, in order to determine its maximum capacity in the hole-type and wire-type imperfection detection field in alumina by means of a wolfram focus as generating element, intended to be used it formerly in industrial applications.","X-izpi ekipo baten analisia, zeinen potentzia baxua (30KV azkartze potentzialkoa) instalazioaren aitorpen erradioaktiboa egiteari uko egiten dio, bere ahalmen maximoa zulo eta hari sortako akats aurkitzearen sailean mugatzeko aluminioan, wolframio foku batekin elementu sortzailetzat, egingo da geroko erabilerako industria mailan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67671,2024-05-07,"The adjustment period generates an essential change in the infants´ life cycle, since it entails a separation from their attachment bonds. Likewise, the relationship they have with their affective bond has an impact on his adaptation. Consequently, this Final Degree Project is based on studying the preparation and intervention of teachers in the Basque Country regarding these concepts and their importance. Therefore, its purpose is to know the theoretical notions of teachers, to investigate the training and preparation that educators have to act in different circumstances and to observe the degree of affection they have to intervene in such situations that arise. For this reason, an empirical research has been carried out, by means of a questionnaire, where there are 10 open questions, 8 sentences to know the degree of agreement of the teachers and 3 situations in which the teachers will have to choose the option that comes closest to their behaviors. Next, the results obtained through the questionnaire are described and, finally, there are the conclusions in which the lack of cognition and training of teachers is analyzed.","Egokitze-aldiak funtsezko aldaketa eragiten du haurren bizi-zikloan, haien atxikimendu-loturekiko banaketa bat baitakar. Halaber, lotura afektiboekin duten harremanak eragina du egokitzapen horretan. Ondorioz, Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko irakasleek kontzeptu horien aurrean duten prestakuntza eta esku-hartzea eta horien garrantzia aztertzean oinarritzen da. Gauzak horrela, irakasleen nozio teorikoak ezagutzea, irakasleek hainbat inguruabarren aurrean jarduteko duten formakuntza ikertzea eta egoera horietan esku-hartzeko duten afektu-maila aztertzea du helburu. Hori dela eta, ikerketa enpiriko bat egin da, galdetegi baten bitartez. Bertan, 10 galdera ireki, 8 esaldi irakasleen adostasun-maila ezagutzeko eta irakasleek beren portaerara gehien hurbiltzen den aukera hautatu beharko duten 3 egoera daude. Jarraian, galdetegiaren bidez lortu diren emaitzak deskribatzen dira, eta, azkenik, irakasleen ezagutza- eta prestakuntza-falta aztertzen duten ondorioak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24467,2017-09,"The aim of the project is to create a virtualized platform for the development of automation applications using the Xen Project hypervisor and 4DIAC software, which is based on the IEC 61499 standard for PLCs. An Industrial PC has been utilized as a hardware device.","Lan honen helburua automatizazio aplikazioak garatzeko plataforma birtualizatua sortzea da, Xen Project hiperbisorea eta 4DIAC softwarea erabiliz, PLC-entzako IEC 61499 estandarean oinarrituta dagoena. Horretarako, PC Industrial bat erabili da hardware gailu moduan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19873,2016-12-15,"The aim of this document is to detail the design and the implementation of an artificial vision system apt for the competition CEABOT 2016 which will take place in the Faculty of Engineering (ETSI) of Madrid. First the possible methods of image processing are proposed and extractable information is analysed as well as the reliability and simplicity of them. Once the analysis phase is completed the software design starts which follows the ISO/IEC 25010 quality standards as much as possible. At the end, in the validation phase, the different tests are described and the results shown; in addition possible changes in the system are proposed in order to ease the future development of derivative applications.","Dokumentu honetan Madrilgo IGET-ean, Irailean izango den CEABOT 2016 lehiaketarako aproposa izango den ikusmen-artifizial sistema baten diseinua eta inplementazioa zehazten dira. Hasieran, irudien prozesaketa metodo posibleak planteatzen dira eta eskuragarri den informazioa aztertzen da hauen fidagarritasuna eta sinpletasunarekin aztertuz. Behin alternatiben analisi fasea bukaturik, softwarearen diseinua zehaztuko da zeinek mota honetako produktuetarako ISO/IEC 25010 normak ezarritako kalitate estandarrak jarraituko dituen ahal bezain beste. Azkenean, balioztatze fasean, egindako frogak deskribatzen dira eta hauetan lorturiko emaitzak erakusten dira; hainbat aldaketa posibleak ere proposatzen dira etorkizuneko aplikazio honetatik eratorriko proiektuen garapena errazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14690,2015-03-02,"The purpose of the project is to design and determine the dimensions of a Full-Floater progressive suspension system for a competition motorbike. The design is adapted, for the shock-absorbing system used, to certain progressivity and rigidity conditions. To develop the project, real data from the Motostudent competition is provided. The development is carried out by PTC Creo 2.0.","Lanaren helburua lehiaketa moto baten esekidura sistema progresiboaren diseinu eta dimentsionamendua da. Progresibitate eta gogortasun baldintza batzuetara egokituko den diseinu bat egiten da, motelgailuaren ezaugarriak jakinak direlarik. Lana garatzeko, Motostudent lehiaketatik hartutako datuak hornitzen dira. Lanaren garaperan PTC Creo 2.0. software-aren bidez egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14339,2015-02-04,"Main goal of this catalogue described in this memory, which will become catalogue of bearings company Iraundi S.A., has two sections: First part contains technical information about handling, assembly process, maintenance requirements and selection of type of bearing. That information comes from current catalogue of Iraundi S.A. as well as from other catalogues of most important manufactures of bearings, like INA, GOIMO, ROTHE-ERDE and SKF. Second section of catalogue consists on tables and graphics in order to select type of bearing. Those graphics were updated regarding graphics in current catalogue, to be easier to interpret and a better way to obtain appropriate size and type of bearing according to application and loads (radial and axial forces and, moments). Mentioned graphics were analyzed exclusively for that catalogue and company, using finite elements in order to simplify selection of optimum bearing taking into account axial and radial forces and, moments involved for the bearing as well as loads supported by bolted joint.","Proiektu honetan egindako katalogo-proposamena, zeinen helburua Iraundi S.A. errodamendu enpresaren katalogoan bihurtzea da, bi partez osatuta egongo da. Lehenengo zatiak, errodamenduaren manipulazioaren gaineko beharrezko informazio guztia edukiko du; muntaketa, mantenua eta errodamendu-tipoaren aukeraketa izango ditu parterik garrantzitsuenetarikoen artean. Informazio guzti hau biltzeko Iraundi S.A. hartu da ereduki, eta hainbat errodamendu fabrikatzaile garrantzitsuen katalogoetatik hartu da informazio ugari, INA, GOIMO, ROTHE-ERDE, eta SKF esate baterako. Katalogoko bigarren partea taulak eta errodamendu-aukeraketa grafikoak osatzen dute. Grafiko hauek proiektu honetarako berritu egin dira, eta haien helburua grafikoak erraz interpretatzea da. Gainera saiatu egin da, era errazean tamaina eta errodamendo tipo egokiak aukeratu ahal izatea, inadar axiala, erradiala eta momentua kontuan hartuz. Grafika hauek, proiektu honetarako bereziki kalkulatu egin dira, eta elementu mugatuen teknika erabiliz baliozkotu egin dira. Teknika honekin lortu dena, grafiko errezagoak egitea da (errezagoak erabilketaren arloan), errodamendu aukeraketa egokia egiteko helburuarekin. Gainera grafika hauek, indar axiala, radiala eta momentua kontuan hartzeaz gain, torlojuak jaso dezaketen indarrak kontuan hartzen dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63242,2023-11-30,"The present project is focused on the analysis of the dynamic loss phenomenon of a NACA 64-618 airfoil for a 5 MW NREL wind turbine. For this purpose, a 2D analysis will be performed using the Star CMM+ program. For the analysis, the area closest to Cabo Prior, north of Ferrol, has been taken into account. This is because it is an optimal location for the implementation of offshore wind turbines in Spain, since it is one of the countries with the greatest potential for installing offshore wind turbines. In order to find the location, the Wind Atlas tool has been used, which allows knowing the areas with the best bathymetry. The main objective is to see the effect that the dynamic stall phenomenon generates in this airfoil by means of simulations, analyzing the phases that represent this phenomenon. In addition, it will be compared with some tests carried out in another study in this field. For this purpose, different models have been created and tested before being able to recreate the phenomenon, for its subsequent application. Once the models have been validated, different wind speeds have been proposed to investigate the effect of the dynamic loss in the NACA 64-618 profile. Finally, it has been evaluated if the results are valid or if an experimental phase is necessary to correctly establish the results.","Proiektu honek 5 MW-ko NREL aerosorgailuarentzako NACA 64-618 profil aerodinamikoaren galera dinamikoaren fenomenoa aztertzen du. Horretarako, 2D analisi bat egingo da Star CMM+ programaren bidez Analisirako, Ferroletik iparraldera dagoen Prior lurmuturretik hurbilen dagoen eremua artu da kontuan. Izan ere, kokapen ezin hobea da offshore aerosorgailuak Espainian ezartzeko, hauek instalatzeko ahalmen handiena duen herrialdeetako bat baita. Lokalizazioa aurkitu ahal izateko Wind Atlas tresna erabili da, batimetría onena duten eremuak aztertzeko. Helburu nagusia da simulazioen bidez galera dinamikoaren fenomenoak profil aerodinamiko horretan sortzen duen eragina ikustea, eta fenomeno hori irudikatzen duten faseak behatzea. Gainera, eremu horretako beste azterlan batean egindako saiakuntza batzuekin alderatuko da. Horretarako, hainbat eredu sortu dira eta fenomenoa birsortu ahal izan baino lehen aztertu dira, ondoren aplikatzeko. Modeloak baliozkotu ondoren, haize-abiadura desberdinak proposatu dira galera dinamikoak NACA 64-618 profilean duen eragina behatzeko. Azkenik, emaitzak baliozkoak diren edo emaitzak behar bezala zehazteko fase esperimental bat egitea beharrezkoa den kalkulatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16349,2015-12-04,The purpose of this project is to build an image of current status of concepts like ethics and sustainability in the project management discipline and investigate what is the actual situation of these values in the study plan of Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. The work documentation will be supplemented with a survey directed at relevant people who will help with their experience. After gathering all this information there will be presented a proposal of change in evaluation method that will considerate concepts of ethical and sustainability in final projects redacted by students of ETSI.,"Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, alde batetik, proiektu kudeaketan etika eta iraunkortasun kontzeptuak gaurko egoeran ikastea da, eta bestetik, aipatutako balore hauek Ingenaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoaren ikasketa plangintzan zelako garrantzia duten ikertzea da. Horretarako, dokumentazio lana eskolako pertsona nabarmen talde bati egindako elkarrizketa batzuekin osatuko da, hauen esperientzia eta ikuspuntua azaltzen . Informazioa pilatu eta gero, amaierako lanetan balore hauek kontutan har daitezen, ebaluaketa metodoa aldatzeko proposamen bat aurkeztuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31758,2019-02-28,"The objective of this essay is to analyse the chances of integrating Basque typical dances into the education system of the Basque Autonomous Community, exactly into pre-school education. In this article we will focus on designing a teaching unit and on analysing its viability contrasting it with teachers that work in different geographic areas in order to conclude if this is a decisive factor in the integration of the folklore in the school. This investigation is based on a interview with a named folklorist and a survey made to 9 teachers who work in schools of Biscay. The study of these assessment’s tools has allowed us to introduce different courses of information between the abilities, the contents and the methodology.","Lan honen helburua Euskal Dantzak EAE-ko hezkuntza sisteman ezartzeko dauden aukerak aztertzea da, zehatzago esanda, Haur Hezkuntzan. Artikulu honetan, unitate didaktiko bat diseinatzean zentratuko gara eta bere bideragarritasuna kontrastatuko dugu eremu geografiko ezberdinetan lanean dabiltzan irakasleekin, horrela, hau faktore erabakigarri bat den ondorioztatzeko. Ikerketa hau folklorista ezagun baten elkarrizketan eta Bizkaiko eskolatan lan egiten duten 9 irakasleri egindako inkestetan oinarritzen da. Ebaluazio tresna hauen azterketak informazio ibilbide ezberdinak zehaztea ahalbidetu digu gaitasunen, edukien eta metodologiaren artean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50724,2021-03-22,"This Final Degree Project (FDP), which is before you, is focused on musical hearing, and particularly, on musical form and expression in Early Childhood Education. The didactic proposal carried out in this project has been designed to introduce it in the last years of Early Childhood Education, that is, in the second stage, this proposal will take into account the musical pedagogical and psychological bases of the stage in which we are. This project and the didactic proposal it contains turn the children's expressions of feelings, wishes and needs into a game throughout music, as well as musical hearing at an early age such as the ability to distinguish the musical form and expression from a piece of music. Bearing in mind that we are in the stage of Early Childhood Education, the report will try to achieve the main objectives though different activities adequate to children age.","Aurrean daukazun Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) hau, Haur Hezkuntzako etapan entzuketa musikalari eta, bereziki, forma eta adierazpen musikalari, buruzkoa da. Lanak planteatzen duen proposamen didaktikoa Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren etapako azkenengo urteetan ezartzeko diseinatu da eta horrek, kontutan edukiko ditu musikaren oinarri musikal psikologikoak eta pedagogikoak Haur Hezkuntzako etapan. Lan honek eta bere barnean biltzen duen proposamen didaktikoak, arestian aipatu bezala, haurrek musikaren bitartez emozioak, nahiak, beharrizanak, etab. adieraztea jartzen dute jokoan, bai eta adin goiztiarretan entzumen musikala lantzea ere, musika-lanen forma eta adierazpena bereiztuz, adibidez. Haur Hezkuntzako etapan gauden heinean, helburu guzti horiek, haurren adinarekin bat datozen ariketa eta jarduera ezberdinekin lortzen saiatuko da txostena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19847,2016-12-13,"Energy certification about the building placed at 12 4ºE Las Carreras, Abanto y Zierbena, 23 2ºB Basurto-Castrejana Road, will be carried out, through the tool CE3x. In addition, technical improvements to be implemented in the building will be projected in order to increase the energetic qualification; these improvements will be analyzed technically as well as.","Las Carrerasen Los Llanos 12 4E kokatutako etxebizitzaren egiaztapen energetikoa egingo da. CE3x programa informatikoaren bidez. Gainera hobekuntak batzuk proposatuko dira etxebizitzak lortu duen kalifikazio energetikoa hobetzeko. Hobekuntza hauek, teknikoki eta ekonimikoki analizatu eta gero, hobezina den hobekuntza aukeratuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75403,2025-11-05,"The energy transition in the electrical system, driven by the increasing integration of renewable energy sources and the electrification of new sectors, presents significant challenges for the secure and stable operation of the grid. In this context, the present work focuses on the design, development, and validation of a control algorithm intended for the provision of secondary frequency regulation services, in compliance with current Spanish regulations (P.O. 7.2) and aligned with the European requirements of the PICASSO platform for automatic frequency control. The adopted approach involves regulatory analysis, identification of technical requirements, and the development of an algorithm capable of following the setpoints issued by the transmission system operator and generating an appropriate response. The validation has been carried out in a simulation environment, allowing the behavior of the algorithm to be analyzed under various scenarios representative of the electrical system. The results show that the algorithm complies with regulatory requirements, is capable of following the setpoints within the good response band, and can be adapted to different generation technologies, including renewable sources with power converters. The simulations conducted enabled the analysis of the combined behavior of the electrical grid and various generation plants, assessing their performance under diverse operating scenarios. Among the technical conclusions drawn from these tests, the importance of a flexible control strategy, the need to consider interactions with primary regulation, and the existence of operational margins for optimizing the system response are highlighted. As future lines of research, it is proposed, firstly, to carry out a more detailed study of the complementarity between primary and secondary regulation, as well as a comparative analysis of the design and operation of these services in other countries that have specific markets for primary regulation. Secondly, it is proposed to analyze the feasibility of integrating the algorithm as part of a prosumer-type installation, characterized by heterogeneous generation and flexible, manageable consumption profiles, with the objective of optimizing both participation in the secondary regulation market and the achievement of the installation’s operational goals.","Sistema elektrikoko trantsizio energetikoak, energia berriztagarriak gero eta gehiago integratzeak eta sektore berriak elektrifikatzeak bultzatuta, erronka nabarmenak planteatzen ditu sarearen eragiketa seguru eta egonkorrean. Testuinguru horretan, lan honek bigarren mailako erregulazioko zerbitzua emateko kontrol-algoritmo bat diseinatu, garatu eta baliozkotzea du ardatz, Espainian indarrean dagoen araudiaren arabera (P.O. 7.2.) eta frekuentzia kudeaketa automatikorako PICASSO plataformaren Europako betekizunekin lerrokatuta. Hartutako ikuspegia honetan datza: arauen analisia, baldintza teknikoen identifikazioa eta sistema elektrikoaren eragile-kontsignei jarraitzeko eta erantzun egokia sortzeko gai den algoritmo bat garatzea. Balidazioa simulazio-ingurune batean egin da, eta algoritmoaren portaera aztertzeko aukera ematen du, sistema elektrikoaren hainbat kasu adierazgarritan. Lortutako emaitzek erakusten dute algoritmoak arauetan ezarritako baldintzak betetzen dituela, erantzun oneko kanalaren barruan kontsignak jarraitzeko gai dela, eta sorkuntza-teknologia desberdinetara egokitzen dela, bihurgailuak dituzten iturri berriztagarriak barne. Egindako simulazioei esker, sare elektrikoaren eta hainbat sorkuntza-solairuren baterako portaera aztertu ahal izan da, eta hainbat kasu operatibotan izandako jarduna ebaluatu da. Saiakuntza horietatik ateratako ondorio teknikoen artean, honako hauek nabarmentzen dira: kontrol-estrategia malgu baten garrantzia, lehen mailako erregulazioarekiko elkarrekintzak kontuan hartzeko beharra, eta erantzuna optimizatzeko tarte operatiboak erabili ahal izatea. Etorkizuneko ikerketa-ildo gisa, lehenik eta behin, lehen eta bigarren mailako erregulazioen arteko osagarritasunari buruzko azterketa xeheago bat proposatzen da, bai eta lehen mailako erregulaziorako merkatu espezifikoak dituzten beste herrialde batzuetan zerbitzu horien diseinuari eta eragiketari buruzko analisi konparatibo bat ere. Bigarrenik, algoritmoa prosumitzaile motako instalazio baten zati gisa integratzeko bideragarritasuna aztertzea planteatzen da. Instalazio horrek sorkuntza heterogeneoa eta kontsumo malgu eta kudeagarriak ditu ezaugarri, eta bigarren mailako erregulazioko merkatuko parte-hartzea eta instalazioaren beraren helburu operatiboak optimizatzea du helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29274,2018-10-23,"The main objective of this work is the study of possible roofs which could be designed in the Von Siemens square, located in the interior of the building of the Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao. It is a project based on the Technical Code for Buildings (TCB) and carried out on the mentioned building, inaugurated in 1960. For this, different possible materials will be analyzed and the multiple loads which would appear in this structure will be studied. Aided by CYPE engineering software application and having collected sufficient information, the work exhibited below has been developed.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Von Siemens enparantzako diseinatu daitezkeen estalki posibleen ikerketa da, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolaren barnealdean kokatuta. Eraikuntza-Kode Teknikoan (EKT) oinarritzen den proiektu bat da eta 1960an zabaldu zen aipatutako eraikinaren gainean eraman da Aurrera. Horri ekiteko, eraikuntzarako beharrezkoak diren materialak eta egitura horretan ager litezkeen karga ezberdinak aztertuko dira. Ingenieritzak ``Cype Software´´-az lagunduta eta beharrezko informazioa bilduta, jarraian aurkeztutako lana garatu dut" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53198,2021-06-21,"This paper studies the evolution of Social Security benefits for maternity and paternity leaves, and subsequently makes special reference to the equalisation of both types of leave. All of this is done by analysing the most recent case law, both national and European, which also involves an analysis of controversial circumstances that currently exist, such as the application of these benefits in families formed by members of the same sex and in single-parent families. The study therefore aims to provide a critical analysis of the new paternity leave.","Lan honetan, Gizarte Segurantzaren amatasun- eta aitatasunprestazioen bilakaera aztertzen da, eta, ondoren, bi baimenak parekatzeari aipamen berezia egiten zaio. Hori guztia, nazioko zein Europako jurisprudentzia-doktrina berriena aztertuta; horrek berekin dakar, halaber, gaur egun dauden egoera eztabaidagarriak aztertzea, hala nola prestazio horiek sexu bereko kideek osatutako familietan eta guraso bakarreko familietan aplikatzea. Horrekin guztiarekin, lan honek aitatasun-baimen berriaren azterketa kritikoa egitea du helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25002,2008,"Among the crimes against the patrimony committed trough computer systems, the computer and internet fraud stands out. Regulated on article 248.2 CP, the main element of this fraud is the computer manipulation, understood in a wide sense. However, the restrictive interpretation of this article has brought to the inclusion in the Penal Code of a particular crime concerning frauds committed trough debit or credit cards, etc. Thus, the 2007 Project includes a new crime of result, that has been very criticized, as the modifications regarding the falsification of cards, a conduct intimately related to the frauds, either common or computer frauds.","Informatika bidez egindako ondarearen kontrako delituen artean maula informatikoa nabarmentzen da, ZK 248.2 artikuluak azaltzen duena, zentzu zabalean ulertu behar den manipulazio informatikoa izanik honen muina. Interpretazio murriztaileak medio, Zigor Kodean, kreditu edo kargu tarjeta bidez egindako iruzurren tipifikazio esplizitua barneratzea komeni da. 2007ko egitasmoan, emaitza delito gardenak aurreikusten dituena, horrela egin da, eta kritikak jasan ditu, maula informatiko edo arruntekin erlazioa daukan txartelen faltsuketari buruzko aldaketei dagokionez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24443,2017-09,"This project aims to study the new Directive 2010/31 / EU proposed by the European Union on energy efficiency in buildings by applying it specifically to an existing hospital. The objective is to find a solution so that these buildings are able to satisfy the main articles of this directive and allow them to be buildings with almost zero consumption of energy. To do this, the general energy balance of a hospital has been studied, analyzing the different elements that consume energy and those that contribute to it. Finally, an investigation of ten different types of public buildings has determined the potential of these buildings to comply with a nZEB standard for 2021.","Proiektu honen helburua eraikinen eraginkortasunaz hitz egiten duen 2010/31/EB Zuzentaraua aztertzea da eta horretaz gain, existitzen den ospital batean aplikatuko da. Zuzentarau honetako artikulu nagusiak erantzuteko gai ahal badiren eraikinak aztertutko dira eta horretaz gain, eraikin horiek ia kontzumo zeroko eraikinetan bihurtzea da helburu. Horretarako, ospitaleko energia orokorraren oreka aztertu da, energia kontsumitzen duten hainbat elementu eta gehitzen dutenek neurtuz. Azkenik, hamar mota desberdineko eraikin publikoen potentziala ikertuko da, 2021 nZEB estandar bat betetzen baduten ikusteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26134,1992,"it is analysed the drug traffic crime, in the same way it is considered the incidence on the citizen security of the drug addiction and the problems of the penalty execution.","asmabide desberdinatik drogaz trafico delitozko izatasuna aztertzen da, egileak ere, ikasten du, nola droga hartzea uts egiten du gizarteko zihurtasunean eta penaren egiketan dauden arazoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31775,2019-02-28,"Given the importance of mathematics in Early Childhood Education, through this work we have known and researched the Numerical Algorithm (ABN) method. For this purpose, an intervention proposal has been designed, implemented and evaluated in which a sequence of activities has been developed, through which several enumeration contents have been worked in a 4-year classroom. From the analysis of the results obtained with the application of the same has been concluded that through some close and manipulative mathematics students understand what they do, have greater mental flexibility, and acquire a better understanding of the numerical sense.","{EUS] Matematikak Haur Hezkuntzan duen garrantzia kontuan izanda, lan honen bitartez “Algoritmo Basado en Números” (ABN) metodoa ezagutu eta ikertu nahi izan da maila horretan. Horretarako, jarduera sekuentzia bat garatzen duen esku-hartze proposamen bat planifikatu, aurrera eraman eta ebaluatu da. Horien bitartez, zenbakiekin erlazionatutako eduki batzuk landu dira, 4 urteko gelan. Ariketa horien emaitzak aztertuz gero, matematika hurbil eta manipulatibo baten bitartez, ikasleek egiten dutena ulertzen dute, mentalitate malguago bat dute, eta zenbakiaren zentzua hobeto ulertzen dutela baieztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54017,2021-11-23,"This project consists of designing and implementing a cyber-range platform. On which a “Capture The Flag” competition is deployed against objectives of the ETSI's NFV initiative. This platform tries to create a practical and effective method for the training of ethical hackers. The areas that are worked in this training are cybersecurity and virtualization of services and network equipment. Additionally, through an evaluation system each participant will be able to know the qualification of his performance on the platform.","Proiektu hau cyber-range plataforma bat diseinatzea eta inplementatzean datza. Plataforma honetan ""Capture The Flag"" lehiaketa ezartzen da ETSIren NFV ekimeneko helburuen aurka. Plataforma hau hacker etikoen heziketarako metodo praktiko eta eraginkorra sortzen saiatzen da. Prestakuntza honetan lantzen diren arloak bi dira, alde batetik, zibersegurtasuna eta, beste aldetik, zerbitzuen eta sareko ekipamenduen birtualizazioa. Gainera, Gainera, balioztatze sistema baten bidez, parte-hartzaile bakoitzak plataforman duen jardueraren kalifikazioa jakin ahal izango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25632,1993,"The demystificalion of the demonization of drug consumption is followed by several considerations on its effects. Although the primary negative effects of consumption constitute the legitimate reason for a preventive policy, the secondary effects lead to a diffuse and discriminatory criminalization.","Droga kontsumoaren demonizazioa desmitifikatzen hasten da eta hortik deribatzen da ondoko ondorioak kriminalizazio indiskriminatu batetara abiatzen direla, kontsumoaren oinarrizko ondorio negatiboak badaezpadako polilika baten legezko arrazoía izan arren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54048,2021-11-23,"The current interest in moving the bulk of the computing of a multitude of applications to the edge (Edge Computing), particularly in systems based on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML), responds to the need to ensure real-time response and security of systems in case of information leakage, requirements that Cloud Computing cannot satisfy. ADAS systems are a growing field of application that responds to this demand, with very demanding requirements in terms of cost, consumption, speed and security, which a system at the edge can satisfy. This work is part of a research proyect about the applicability of hyperspectral imaging to improve the performance and robustness of ADAS. Specifically, different options of open license microprocessor IPs are studied for the design of SoCs (System-On-Chip) on low/mid-range FPGAs with application to hyperspectral image processing.As an alternative to ""Softcore"" microprocessors, a SoC based on a ""Hardcore"" microprocessor, in particular a Xilinx PSoC of the Zynq-7000 Family, has also been studied. First, the work characterizes the performance of the analyzed microprocessors on an image preprocessing task required on 25-band snapshot-type hyperspectral cameras with mosaic filtering. Secondly, a generic SoC architecture with DMAs is used to analyze the optimal way to transfer information between the different IP Cores that make up the design and the external memory. During the development of the work, several open source design tools used in the synthesis/simulation/verification of HDL designs have also been explored as an alternative to more widely deployed commercial tools.","Egun, aplikazio ugarien konputazio-zamak ertzera eramateko (Edge Computing) interes handia dago, bereziki Adimen Artifizialean eta Machine Learning-ean (AA/ML) oinarritutako sistemetan. Joera horren arrazoi nagusia informazio-ihesak ekiditea, segurtasuna bermatzea eta sistemen denbora errealeko erantzuna bermatzea dira, hodeian konputatzeak (Cloud Computing) ezin bai ditu baldintza horiek bete. Gidatzen laguntzeko sistema aurreratuak edo ADAS (Advanced Driving Assistance Systems) gero eta aplikazio-eremu garrantzitsuagoa da, eta eskari horiei erantzun behar dioten sistemak garatzea eskatzen du, oso eskakizun zorrotzak bai dituzte kostuari, kontsumoari, abiadurari eta segurtasunari dagokienez. Lan hau ADASen prestazioak eta sendotasuna hobetzeko irudi hiper-espektralen aplikagarritasuna ikertzen duen proiektu baten parte da. Zehazki, gama baxu/ertaineko FPGAtan irudi hiper-espektralak prozesatzeko SoCak (System–On-Chip) gauzatzeko lizentzia irekiko mikroprozesadoreen IPen hainbat aukera aztertzen dira. Nukleo “bigun” edo softcore mikroprozesadoreen alternatiba gisa, nukleo zurrun edo hardcore mikroprozesadorean oinarritutako SoC bat ere aztertu da, zehazki Zynq-7000 familiako Xilinxen PSoC bat. Lehenik eta behin, lana honek analizatutako mikroprozesadoreen errendimendua ezaugarritzen du mosaiko iragazkia duten snapshot motako 25 bandako kamera hiper-espektraletan beharrezkoa den irudien aurre-prozesamenduko ataza batean. Bigarrenik, DMAak dituen SoC generikoko arkitektura bat erabili egin da kanpoko memoria eta sistema osatzen duten IP nukleo desberdinen artean informazioa transferitzeko modurik egokiena aztertzeko. Lana garatu bitartean, HDL diseinuen sintesian/simulazioan/egiaztapenean erabiltzen diren kode irekiko diseinu-tresnak ere aztertu dira, ezarpen handieneko tresna komertzialen alternatiba gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16166,2015-11-24,"Technological innovation is a strategy which many Basque companies have chosen in the last few years, as it provides many benefits for companies and for the economic system of the region. In addition, public administrations have supported these strategies for more than 30 years promoting various measures at each stage. In order to know what has been its evolution and the trend for the next few years, this paper analyzes the factors associated with technological innovation in the Basque Country.","Azken urteetan euskal enpresa askok berrikuntza teknologikoaren alde egin dute, enpresetarako eta eskualdearen sistema ekonomikorako onura asko ekartzen dituelako. Gainera, administrazio publikoek estrategia hauen alde agertu dira azken 30 urteetan neurri desberdinak bultzatuz fase bakoitzean. Berrikuntza teknologikoaren bilakaera eta hurrengo urteetarako joera zein izan den ezagutzeko asmoz, lan honek Euskadiko berrikuntza teknologikoarekin erlazionatuak dauden faktore batzuk analizatzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25361,1999,"In this work the author makes an analysis about society and penitentiary world, so that he discusses some aspects such as penal process, penalty and prison; he finishes talking about fundamental rigths in prison.","Egileak gizarte eta presondegi munduari buruzko analisia egiten du, horretarako prozesu penala, pena eta gartzela bezalako atalak tratatzen ditu; “oinarrizko eskubideak gartzelan” gaiarekin bere agerpena bukatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14072,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: Through the Grade End Work we make a proposal for an innovative ecosystem offering an approach for teachers to set aside the fears produced by the evaluation and the educational innovation; and so they opt for a more significant tools instead of continuing with traditional appraisal. Moreover, this proposal seeks to attract different agents that act on the ecosystem of a student, in order to get community schools based on participation. On the other hand, this design chooses to integrate new technologies to satisfy the demands of the XXI century education has, so the project combines a series of tools intended to solve the problems we encounter in our reality.","LABURPENA: Aurkezten dugun Gradu Amaierako Lanean (GAL), ebaluaketa ekosistema berritzaile bat proposatzen dugu, irakasleek ebaluaketarekiko eta berrikuntzekiko duten beldurra albo batean uzteko, eta ebaluaketa tradizionala alboratu eta tresna esanguratsuago batzuen alde egin dezaten. Lan honek gainera, ikasle baten ekosistemako agente desberdinak erakarri nahi ditu, parte hartzean oinarritzen diren eskola komunitateak lortzeko. Horrez gain, teknologia berriak integratzen dituen diseinua da, non XXI. mendeko hezkuntzak eskatzen dituen baldintzak betetzen diren. Tresna desberdinen konbinazioz sortutako diseinu berritzaile honekin, errealitateak oraindik bizi dituen arazoei aurre egitea da helburu nagusia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42046,2020-03-10,"Emotions are fundamental elements for one's own perception. From the moment we are born, we have to learn to take advantage from those emotions and how to use them in a creative way. And for that purpose, we need help. Another aspect of great importance during Infant Education is music education, since it offers huge creative possibilities in order to reach a proper emotional understanding. Therefore, this work aims at merging these two aspects. In this way, students will develop emotions by means of different elements such as music and illustrations. For that purpose, an educational project based on the book El Emocionario (2018) and Koloretako munstroa (2012), which helps to develop emotional education in Infant Education children, is proposed. Working with emotions since students are children is essential, because it is a way to prepare them for present and future real life. The final thesis will be developed with 2-years-old kindergarten children. The teaching proposal has been put into practised while intership at Bizarain Ikastola from Errenteria.","Esku artean duzuen lan honetan musika eta emozioen garrantzia azpimarratzen da proposamen didaktiko batean gauzatuta Haur Hezkuntzara zuzenduta. Emozioak ezinbesteko elementuak dira gure pertzepzioa hautemateko. Jaiotzen garen momentutik sentsazio hauek aprobetxatzen eta erabiltzen saiatu behar gara, horrela, emozioak ulertzeko eta erabiltzen ikasteko. Bestalde, Haur Hezkuntzan garrantzia duen beste tankera bat hezkuntza musikala da, emozioak eta adierazpenerako orokorrean ulertzeko aukera handiak eskaintzen baititu. Horregatik, hurrengo lanean bi aspektu hauen arteko fusioa egingo da. Modu honetan, ikasleak emozioak garatuko dituzte musika eta ilustrazio desberdinei esker. Horretarako, proposamen didaktiko bat luzatuko da, El emocionario (2018) eta Koloretako munstroa (2012) liburuetan oinarrituta emozioei hurbilpena egiteko eta hauek identifikatzeko. Honekin, hezkuntza emozionala garatzen lagunduko zaie Haur Hezkuntzako haurrei. Ezinbestekoa da emozioak lantzea eta ezagutzea haurrak txikiak direnetik, bizitza osoan zehar baliagarriak baitirelako. Gradu amaierako lan hau aurrera eramateko Haur Hezkuntzako 2 urteko haurrekin egin da. Proposamen hau praktika aldietan egondako denboran aurrera eraman da Errenteriako Bizarain Ikastolan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59688,2023-02-07,"EN: In the last few years, there has been increasing interest in the application of robotics as a rehabilitation method. In order for these robotic mechanisms to be successful in the task of patient recovery, the actuators that govern their movements must be properly controlled, so an adequate control strategy is needed. Considering this need, this Master's thesis deals with the analysis of the state of the art of rehabilitation robots and the development of a series of controllers, which allow the necessary exercises to be carried out to facilitate the rehabilitation of the patient's upper limbs. In general, there are two classifications of controllers applied when it comes to rehabilitation robots: low-level and high-level. The low-level controllers addressed in this paper are the computed torque controller, force controller and impedance controller. On the other hand, the high-level controllers are the passive controller, assisted controller, active controller and resistive controller. These controllers are validated under a simulated environment, providing a preamble for their future application in the physical system.","EU: Azken urteotan, gero eta handiagoa da robotika errehabilitaziorako baliabide gisa aplikatzeko interesa. Mekanismo robotiko hauek pazientea berreskuratzeko zereginean arrakasta izan dezaten, beharrezkoa da haien mugimenduak zuzentzen dituzten eragingailuak behar bezala kontrolatzea, hau da, kontrol estrategia egokia behar da. Behar hori ikusita, Master Amaierako Lan hau errehabilitazio-roboten artearen egoera aztertzeaz eta kontrolagailu batzuen garapenaz aritzen da, pazientearen goiko muturren errehabilitazioa errazten duten beharrezko ariketak egiteko aukera ematen dutenak. Normalean, errehabilitazio-robotei dagokienez aplikatzen diren kontrolagailuen sailkapen bi daude: maila baxua eta maila altua. Lan honetan jorratzen diren maila baxuko kontrolagailuak konputatutako momentu-kontrolatzailea, indar-kontrolatzailea eta inpedantzia-kontrolatzailea dira. Bestalde, goi-mailako kontrolagailuak kontroladore pasiboa, lagundutako kontroladore, aktiboak eta erresistentziako kontrolatzaileak dira. Kontrolagailu hauek ingurune simulatu batean baliozkotzen dira, sistema fisikoan etorkizunean aplikatzeko hitzaurre gisa balioz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16305,2015-12-02,"This work aims to analyze the impact of structural design in contemporary architecture. We will study the possibilities that the structure has to enrich the forms of the building, determining, if it imposes any restriction to the latter. Thus, it will be necessary to review the most common structural types, analyze their impacts in the forms, and finally think about the links between form and structural system.","Gradua amaitzeko lan honen bidez arkitektura kontenporaneak azpiegitura- diseinuan duen eragina aztertu nahi dugu.Eraikinaren formak aberasteko, egiturak dituen aukerak ikasiko ditugu eta, egongo balira, azken hauei inposatutako murrizketak zehaztuko genituzke. Horrela, azpiegitura-tipologia arruntetako birpasoa, forman bertan beraiek duten ondorioa aztertuz eta egitura- sistema eta formaren arteko koordinazioaz hausnartuz,egiten dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16475,2015-12-15,"Nowadays, global society is more aware of electrical energy’s risks than never before, and electrical safety has turned a priority when a new installation is designed. So, a great protection to an unwanted electric hazard is required, being specially careful with indirect contacts. If a circuit has an insulation failure and an indirect contact is produced, there is risk of an accidental electrocution, risk that must be avoided by making a good choice of the grounding methodology and properly coordinating the electrical protections in the installation. In order to minimize that risk, a study of low voltage industrial and residential installation’s grounding methodologies is introduced, analyzing the tree grounding methodologies internationally accepted (TT, TN, IT). In addition, two real examples are solved (using a computer-aided engineering software), confirming the results of the theoretical study.","Bizi garen mundu honetan, gizarteak gero eta segurtasun maila handiagoa eskatzen du bizitzako arlo guztietan, segurtasun elektrikoan gero eta arreta gehiago ezarriz. Hori dela eta, elektrizazio arriskuak gutxitzea funtsezko lehentasuna da gaur egun, batez ere zeharkako kontaktuei dagokienez. Izan ere, isolatze falta bat izan duen zirkuitu baten zeharkako kontaktu bat gertatu ezkero, elektrokuzio arriskua suertatu daiteke. Arrisku hori zirkuituaren babesak ondo koordinatzearekin eta zirkuituaren lurrera jartze on batekin ekidin daiteke. Horretarako, dokumentu honetan behe tentsioko egoitza eta industria instalazioen lurrera jartze metodologien analisi bat aurkezten da, internazionalki onartutako hiru eskemak (TT, TN eta IT) sakontasunean ikertuz. Analisi teorikoaren ostean, bi kasu praktiko ebazten dira (ordenagailuaren laguntzaz), aurretik ikusitako baieztapenak osatzeko eta bermatzeko asmoarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23300,2017-07,"Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the natural death from cardiac arrest which is defined as the cessation of effective blood circulation due to failure of the heart to pump blood. SCD is one of the leading causes of death in the industrialized world. Most SCDs occur out-of-hospital where high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation are major determinants to maximize survival. High quality CPR maintains blood flow artificially until the heart can be restarted. Defibrillation, i.e. an electrical shock delivered to the patient’s heart, is the only effective way of achieving the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) when the heart rhythm is shockable. Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) guide rescuers to deliver CPR and defibrillation in cardiac arrest victims using voice and visual prompts. The use of AEDs by minimally trained people has shortened the time to defibrillation. In most circumstances, the only signals available in a resuscitation scenario are those recorded by every commercial AED: the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the thoracic impedance (TI) signal. Pauses in CPR application for circulation detection, which is common both in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, decreases coronary and cerebral perfusion contributing to poorer survival rates. Rescuers have difficulties recognizing cardiac arrest and ROSC during resuscitation. It has been reported that checking the pulse in the carotid is both time consuming and inaccurate. Therefore, it would be helpful to have AEDs that were also equipped with the ability of detecting circulation. The TI signal shows fluctuations correlated with each effective heartbeat when patient recovers circulation, and it has been suggested as an indicator of ROSC. The aim of this project is to analyse de viability of existing TI signal based pulse detection methods when CPR ventilation artifacts are present. A total of 296 segments, 137 PEA (Pulseless electrical activity) and 159 PR (Pulse-generating rhythm), all of them extracted from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest episodes, were used to analyse two algorithms to detect blood circulation in the TI signal. Two graphic user interfaces were developed to make the analysis easier and another two were adapted to carry out this project. The use of these interfaces facilitates the definition of the database, the diverse algorithm configurations analysis and the analysis of features extracted from TI signal circulation component. In the database, every QRS complex was marked automatically in the ECG signal. They were then reviewed, by visual inspection of both the ECG and impedance, which shows fluctuations with every heartbeat. The TI was preprocessed to remove high frequency noise and interference caused by ventilations. The impedance circulation component (icc) was extracted applying two algorithms. Morphological features were extracted from the icc and its first difference. Those features were used to train and test a classifier to discriminate between PEA and PR rhythms. According to the results obtained in this project, the TI based methods analysed could be used for circulation detection in CPR ventilation intervals. In this document, an adequate configuration and multiple features are proposed to achieve those results.","Bat-bateko bihotz-heriotza (BBH) bihotz geldialdiaren ondorioz gertatzen den heriotzari deritzo, non zirkulazio eraginkorra eteten den bihotzaren eraginkortasun ezagatik. BBH herrialde garatuetako lehen heriotza-arrazoietako bat da. BBH gehienenak ospitaletik kanpo gertatzen dira, eta berpiztearen arrakasta desfibrilazio goiztiarrean eta kalitatezko bihotz-biriketako berpiztean (BBB) datza. Kalitatezko BBB-masajearen bidez oxigenatutako odol fluxua artifizialki mantentzen da. Desfibrilazioan, pazientearen bularrean aplikatzen den deskarga elektrikoa, beharrezkoa da berezko zirkulazioaren itzulera (BZI) lortzeko bihotzaren erritmoa desfibrilagarria denean. Kanpoko desfibriladore automatikoek (KDA) eragileen ekintzak zuzentzen dituzte mezuen bidez BBBan zehar, eta desfibrilazio goiztiarra ahalbidetzen dute. Berpizte testuinguru batean erabilgarriak diren seinaleak edozein KDAk erregistratzen dituen seinaleak dira: elektrokardiograma (EKG) eta bular-inpedantzia (BI). Zirkulazioa detektatzeko BBB masajearen etenaldiak, oso ohikoa bai ospitale-barruko (OB) eta bai ospitale-kanpoko (OK) bihotz-geldialdietan, biziraupen probabilitatea jaisten du. Emergentzietako eragileek zailtasunak dituzte bihotz geldialdia eta BZI detektatzeko. Karotidan pultsua hartzea ez da fidagarria eta denbora eskatzen du. Beraz, oso baliagarria izango litzateke KDAk pultsua detektatzeko gaitasuna izatea. BI seinalean aldaketa oso txikiak azaltzen dira bihotz-kuzkurtze eraginkor bakoitzarekin pazienteak zirkulazioa berreskuratzen duenean, eta ondorioz, BZIaren adierazle bezala proposatu da. Honen harira, proiektu honen helburua egun BI seinalean oinarritzen diren pultsua detektatzeko metodoen bideragarritasuna aztertzea da BBBaren testuinguruan aireztapen tarteetan zehazki. Helburu hau betetzeko, bi algoritmo inplementatu eta aztertu dira zirkulazioa detektatzeko BI seinalean BBB masajean aireztapenak aplikatzen ari den bitartean. Honetarako, guztira 296 segmentuz osaturiko datu-multzoa erabili da, 137 PEA (Pulseless electrical activity) erritmoak ziren eta 159 PR (Pulse-generating rythm), denak OK geldialdian. Prozesua errazteko asmoz, bi tresna grafiko garatu dira eta beste bi tresna proiektu honen betebeharrak asetzeko moldatu dira. Tresna hauek erabiliz, datu-basearen definizioa, algoritmoen konfigurazio desberdinen azterketa eta BI seinaletik lortutako zirkulazio osagaiaren parametroen analisia errazago gauzatzen dira. Datu-basean, QRS konplexuak era automatikoan markatu dira EKG seinalean. Gero, marka guzti hauen berrikusi eta beharrezkoa izatekotan zuzendu egin dira EKG seinalea eta BI seinalea (zeinak fluktuazioak erakusten dituen taupada eraginkor bakoitzean) laguntzatzat erabiliz. BI seinalea aurreprozesatu egiten da goi-maiztasuneko zarata eta aireztapenak ezabatzeko ahal den heinean, gero zirkulazio osagaia ateratzen da bi algoritmo erabiliz. Lortutako zirkulazio osagaitik eta bere lehen diferentziatik hainbat ezaugarri ateratzen dira. Ezaugarri hauek sailkatzaile batean sartzen dira eta horrela PEA eta PR erritmoak sailkatzen dira. Emaitzak begiratuz, BI seinalean erabiltzeko aztertu diren metodoak BBB testuinguruan aireztapen tarteetan BZIren detekziorako erabili daitezkeela ondorioztatu daiteke, eta dokumentu honetan konfigurazio egokiena eta hainbat parametro proposatzen dira hori lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55129,2022-01-24,"The fundamental objective of this Final Degree Project is to carry out an analysis on the constitutional scope of the Minimum Vital Income, an economic benefit aimed at reducing the poverty rate in Spain and which has been aggravated by COVID-19. To do this, in the first place, the regulation of the benefit will be analyzed, to later make a comparison with the Universal Basic Income and the Minimum Insertion Income, including resolutions of European law. Subsequently, it will be examined whether the benefit complies with some of the constitutional provisions: the right to equality and non- discrimination, and the mandate addressed to the public powers regarding the sufficiency of Social Security benefits together with the principle of human dignity.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Bizitzeko Gutxieneko Diru sarreraren esparru konstituzionalari buruzko azterketa egitea da. Prestazio ekonomiko hori Espainiako pobrezia-tasa murriztera bideratuta dago, COVID-19k areagotu duen tasa. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, prestazioaren erregulazioa aztertuko da, eta ondoren, Oinarrizko Errenta Unibertsalarekin eta Diru-sarrerak Bermatzeko Errentarekin alderatuko da, Europako zuzenbideko ebazpenak barne. Ondoren, prestazioak konstituzio-xedapenetako batzuk betetzen dituen aztertuko da: berdintasunerako eta diskriminaziorik ezerako eskubidea, eta Gizarte Segurantzaren prestazioen nahikotasunari buruzko botere publikoei zuzendutako agindua, giza duintasunaren printzipioarekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19365,2016-10-25,"This Final Degree Project is based on the mechanical design and programation of the machining of an aluminum stamp of the ‘Gauss Lagun Elkartea’ shield. The stamp has different useful applications, but the main goal is to stamp the shield in sport shirts. The project has been performed in the Bilbao School of Engineering, in the Mechanical Engineering Department, under the supervision of the tutor Naiara Ortega. To carry out the project, first of all, the hand design of the shield has been done. This was based on the shield of the Real Sociedad Club de Futbol. After choosing the design, AutoCAD software has been used to design the first model of the shield in 2D. Then, the 2D model has been imported to the CAM software called SurfCAM. With this software, the machining strategies and paths have been generated and designed. Finally, the postprocessor has got a machining code that can be used in the machining center of CNC. In this process, the importance of the use of design and fabrication softwares is highlighted.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau, Gauss Lagun Elkartearen armarriaren diseinu mekanikoan eta aluminiozko zigilu baten mekanizazioaren programazioan datza. Aplikazio nagusia, kamisetetan armarriaren estanpazioa egitea izango da, nahiz eta beste aplikazio praktiko desberdinetarako ere erabil daitekeen. Proiektu hau Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan gauzatu da, zehazki Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko Sailean, Naiara Ortega tutorearen gidaritzapean. Proiektua gauzatzeko, lehenik Real Sociedad Club de Futbol-en armarria oinarritzat hartuz armarriaren eskuzko diseinua egin da. Behin diseinua aukeratuta, AutoCAD softwarea erabili da armarriaren lehen eredua diseinatzeko 2D-tan. Ondoren, 2D-ko eredu hori inportatu egin da SurfCAM softwarera, bertan ZK-dun mekanizazio zentroan eramango den mekanizazio estrategia eta ibilbidea diseinatu eta garatu da. Azkenik, post-prozesatzailearen bidez lortu den programa ZK-dun mekanizazio zentroan erabili ahal izango da. Prozesu honetan, diseinu eta fabrikaziorako softwareen erabilera eta garrantzia nabarmentzen da, hauek dituzten abantailez baliatu baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29402,2018-10-30,"The aim of this paper is to study and analyze the influence of the design parameters of an overhead power line (line geometry, bundle conductors,...) on the calculus of the impedance matrix of the line, observing its evolution due to variations of said parameters. The commercial software Matlab is used to carry out the work because it has a specific application to conduct these kind of calculations.","Lan honen helburua goi tentsioko dorreen diseinu parametroen (linearen geometria, eroale sorta,...) eragina ikasi eta aztertzea da linearen inpedantzia matrizearen kalkuluan, bere eboluzioa behatuz aipatutako parametroen bariazioen aurrean. Lana burutzeko Matlab software komertziala erabiltzen da mota honetako kalkuluak egiteko berariazko aplikazio bat baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26226,1991,"Starting from theory of normalization it is analysed the following aspects: Regrouping or dispersion for the drug addicts, permeability of the prisons, admission into prison and regularity index, drug-delinquency duality, special characteristics of AIDS in the prison population.","Normalizazio teoria abiapuntutzat hartuz, hurrengo atalak aztertzen dira: drogazaleen biltze edo banaketa, espetxeetako permeabilitatea, gartzelan sartzea eta zaletasun maila, droga-gaizkintza bikoiztasuna eta presoengan IHESaren ezaugarri bereziak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19443,2016-10-27,"This document contains the project of a wind farm in the region of Navarra whose aim is to give supply to the big energetic necessities that the society has nowadays. A wind farm is able to meet the demand in a renewable way and without the emission of GEG1. Nowadays, the region of Navarra produces most of its energy by renewable energies, so the project will be located in this region in order to help Navarra reach the 100% electricity production with renewable energies. First, an appropriate location for the wind farm will be searched, attending to the wind and accessibility of different potential places of Navarra and ensuring that the place is free to make wind farms. Once the place is located, a wind analysis will be done in order to decide which wind turbine is the best for that location. The wind turbine models compared will be some made by Gamesa and Vestas. Wind speed and wind frequency for each direction will be taken into account, among other factors, to take the decision. Then, the energy per year produced in the wind farm will be estimated using different kind of calculations. In the second instance, different values of the electrical installation of the wind farm will be calculated, including the mid and high-voltage electric networks. Furthermore, main processes of the civil work will be presented, including the access to the wind farm. Finally, the budget and the planning of the project will be shown, using a Gantt diagram to explain the latter. The project will be done taking both the national and international legislation into account.","Dokumentu honetan Nafarroako Foru Erkidegoan parke eoliko bat egiteko proiektua aurkezten da, zeinen helburua gaur egungo behar energetikoak modu berriztagarri eta berotegi-efektua sustatzen duten gasen isurpenik gabe betetzea den. Proiektua Nafarroako Foru Erkidegoan eraikitzekotan diseinatuko da, erkidego honek gaur egun bere energiaren parte gehiena energia berriztagarriei esker lortzen baitu eta energia guztia teknologia berriztagarriei esker lortzea baita helmuga. Lehenbizi, parke eolikoaren kokapenaren inguruko analisia egingo da, Nafarroan potentzial eolikoa duen eta erabili gabe dagoen toki bat bilatuz. Behin tokia aukeratuta, bertako analisi eolikoa egingo da, batezbesteko haize abiadura, haize norabide ugarienak eta antzeko datuak kalkulatuz. Modu honetan, Gamesa eta Vestas-en hainbat aerosorgailu modeloren arteko alderaketa egingo da, mota bakoitzaren energia kalkulatuz eta horrela aerosorgailu modelo egokiena zein den erabakiz. Azpiegitura elektrikoaren inguruko azterketa egingo da ondoren, parke barneko erdi-tentsio sarearen zein azpiestaziotik irteten den goi-tentsioko garraio linearen espezifikazioak emanez. Behin guzti hau eginda, instalazioaren obra zibila egiteko pauso nagusiak azalduko dira, parke eolikoaren sarrera bideak zein izango diren azalduz. Azkenik, proiektuaren aurrekontu orokorra eta planifikazioa aztertu eta azalduko dira, Gantt-en diagrama erabiliz azken hau guztiz argi gera dadin. Proiektu osoa gaur egungo nazio zein nazioarteko legedia kontuan hartuta egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25509,1997,"On penal justice, in relation to punishment and to victim’s treatment, it is necessary to surpass the classical scheme that answers to the damage of the offence with the hurt of the pain: the pain of prison is not solution neither for the delinquent, neither for the victim, neither for the society.. For that reason, it seems opportune to introduce imaginative solutions with regard to the delinquency, encouraging solutions of consensus and composition as the reparation and conciliation victim-delinquent, pains of education nature, and the mediation.","Zigor Justiziaren arloan, zigorrari eta biktimaren tratamenduari dagokienez, delituaren gaitzari zigorraren gaitzarekin erantzuten dion eskema klasikoa gainditu behar dugu, kontuan izanik presondegiko zigorra ez dela konponbidea, ez delitugilearentzat, ez biktimarentzat, ez gizartearentzat. Horregatik bada, bidezkoa da delitugintzarako konponbide berriak sortzea, eta adostasun-formulak bideratzea, esaterako biktima eta delitugilearen arteko ordaintza eta adiskidetza, hezkuntza-zigorrak ezartzea, eta bitartekaritza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25016,2007,"Money laundering is a “new” crime, created in 1998, that grows and ramifies. Together with this phenomenon, the non-conventional criminality, the organized one, develops and increase, and all that resulted in the development of an exceptional criminal Law, opposite to the classic, liberal and democratic Law of guarantees. The present study reviews the spreading process in relation to the penalization of money laundering in the Uruguayan penal Law, confi gured as another sign of the Jakobs’ penal Law for enemies, and questioning the traditional, liberal and democratic Penal Law of guarantees.","Kapitalak zuritzea delitu “berria” da, 1998 sortua eta harrezkero hazi eta adarkatu dena. Berarekin batera, arrunta ez den kriminalitate antolatuaren goratzea etorri da, eta honekin salbuespenezko zuzenbide penal baten eraikuntza, zuzenbide liberal, bermeduna eta demokratiko baten aurkakoa. Uruguayko zuzenbide penalean kapitalak zuritzearen inguruko zenbait alderdiren zigorrak haunditu dira eta honen azterketa burutzen du lan honek. Zuzenbide penal hau, arerioaren zuzenbide penal moduan har daiteke, Jakobsen arabera eta zuzenbide penal tradizionala, liberal eta demokratikoa, krisian jartzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17966,2016-04-27,"With this memory we want to create a tool which helps doctors to classify patients with pneumonia in different risk groups depending on their severity. To do this, we have studied the logistic regression, which relates the response variable mortality with all the other variables ( demographic data, medical histories and clinical and exploratory data of the patients). Once created the score based on the regression model, we wanted to validate and compare it to other two which pulmonologists use: the CURB-65 and the score FINE.","Memoria honetan medikuei lan tresna bat erraztu nahi diegu zeinekin pneumonia duten pazienteak sailkatu ditzakete haien larritasunaren arabera. Horretarako, hilkortasuna deneko erantzun aldagaia beste aldagaiekin (datu demografikoak, erregistro medikua eta pazientearen datu kliniko eta esplorazio datuak) erlazionatzen duen erregresio logistikoa aztertu dugu. Lortutako erregresio eredua erabilita lan tresna hori sortu (score-a) eta balioztatu nahi dugu. Azkenik, pneumologoek erabiltzen dituzten beste bi score-kin konparatu nahi dugu gure lana: CURB-65 eta FINE-arekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25614,1993,The small range of alternatives or substitutives to the deprivation of liberty penalty in Spain has not been substantially improved by the 1992 Project. The regulation of some institutions subject to condition does not present many innovations and it should be reconsidered to embrace the suspended veredict and enhance the possibilities of the conditional suspension of the execution of the penalty.,"Espainian, askatasun gabeko zigorraren ordezko aukera gutxik 1992.go Proiektuan ez du funtsezkoan hobeagotzen. Proba menpetasunezko erakundeen arauketak ez du berrikuntza gehiegirik aurkezten eta berriz burutatua izan beharko luke erabakiaren etena sartzen uzteko eta zigorraren baldintzazko etenaren ahalbideak zabaltzeko ere bai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16055,2015-11-05,"Background and objective: Cervical collar is a device which reduces the movement of the neck preventing injuries arising from trauma patient’s management in prehospitalary field. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate whether the positioning of the cervical collar reduces neck’s movement in trauma patient, as well as to determine if it might produce or avoid injuries during its management. Methods: A PRISMA-based Systematic Review was performed. A search protocol was developed to be used in 4 databases (Medline, Scopus, CINAHL y Web of Science). Clinical trials and observational studies published between January 1995 and December 2014 were included. Results: The review was done from one randomized clinical trial and 10 non-randomized clinical trials with modest methodological quality: in 6 dead bodies with cervical injuries were used and in the other 4 articles healthy volunteers without cervical injury. In the studies made with healthy patients without cervical injury, it was recorded that cervical collar decreased significantly neck’s mobility against the non-immobilization. On the other hand, studies with dead bodies with cervical injury, it was determined that cervical collar did not reduce the mobility of the neck. Furthermore, in 3 studies an increase of the intervertebral separation was observed and in another one, an increase of the yugular venous pressure. Conclusions: Even though cervical immobilization decreases the mobility of the neck in patients without injury, in people with cervical injuries this effect is not produced.","Sarrera eta helburua: Lepoko zerbikalak lepoaren mugikortasuna mugatzea du xede, hala, gaixo traumatikoari ospitaleratu aurretik gerta dakizkiokeen zeharkako lesioak ekiditeko. Berrikusketa sistematiko honen bitartez, lepokoa ezartzeak benetan mugikortasuna murrizten duenetz frogatu nahi da, baita berau erabiltzean lesioak ekidin edo sor daitezkeen. Metodologia: PRISMA ezarpenetan oinarrituriko berrikusketa sistematikoa. Lau datu-basetan (Medline, Scopus, CINAHL eta Web of Science) erabili zen bilaketa protokoloa zehaztu zen, eta 1995 eta 2014ko abenduaren artean egindako hainbat saio kliniko eta behaketazko ikerketa erantsi zitzaizkion. Emaitzak: Berrikusketarako, saio ausazko bat eta ausazkoak ez diren eta kalitate metodologiko apala duten 10 saio kliniko erabili ziren: horietako seitan, zerbikaletako lesioa zuten gorpuak erabili ziren; eta, beste lauretan, lesiorik gabekoak. Lesiorik gabeko gaixoen kasuan, lepokoak mugikortasuna mugatzen duela ikusi zen; lesionatutako gorpuei dagokionez, ordea, ez zen halakorik frogatu. Halaber, azken horietako hirutan ornoarteko tartea handitu zela igarri zen, baita, batean, jugularraren bena-presioa ere. Ondorioak: Lepokoak lesiorik gabeko gaixoen kasuan lepoaren mugikortasuna mugatzen badu ere, ez du halako emaitzarik zerbikaletako lesioak dituzten gaixoengan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23065,2017-09,"From 2011 SDN technology has evolved so that nowadays it can be considered one of the fundamental pillars of future networks, where a massive “cloudification” is expected, highly dynamics and reactive to be able to adapt in every moment to the needs that may occur. The main characteristic that has enabled the incorporation of a huge amount of changes and addings to SDN technology is the OpenSource format that it has. This code liberalization has made much easier the design of numerous applications and simulation tools, used to test the programs made to modify somehow the behaviour of the network. However, information about the deployment of this technology over physical equipment is less than expected, so this project will contain the assembly of a network model, completely functional, with real SDN equipment. This way is easier to analyse the characteristics of this technology in a more explicit way than over simulation tools.","2011tik aurrera SDN teknologia aldatuz joan da bilakaera handia izanez eta pixkanaka forma hartuz. Era honetan, gaur egun, etorkizuneko sareen oinarri bat bihurtu da SDN teknologia, non sare dinamiko eta moldagarrien “cloudificazio” ugaria espero den sortu daitezkeen aldaketetara egokitu ahal izateko. SDN Teknologiari aldaketa eta gehigarriak ahalbidetu dion ezaugarri nagusia “opensource” formatua izan da eta formatu honekin batera SDN teknologia garatu egiten da. Kode honen askatasunak, simulazio hainbat ezarpen eta tresna erraztu egin ditu eta hauekin batera sortutako programa guztiak egiaztatu ahal dira sarearen jokaera bat aldatu ahal izateko. Hala ere, sarean dagoen informazioa teknologia honen hedatzearen inguruan, eskasa da ekipazio fisikoari dagokionez. Hori dela eta, proiektu honek sare maketa baten muntaia batu egingo du (o muntaiean oinarritzen da). Hora, hurrengo maketa, guztiz funtzionala izango da eta SDN trena errealetan egingo da, teknologia honen ezaugarriak aztertu ahal izateko era esplizitu batean gure simulazio tresnetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19604,2016-11-24,"The main objective of this project is the design of a Telephonic Base Station GSM/UMTS/LTE in Arija (Burgos), in order to provide greater coverage, robustness and speed, on the last generation systems. The implementation of this project is due to the necessity of increase mobile coverage to a local area. Being a summer resort community, what happens on a certain dates is that its population can reach tenfold. It will be absolutely necessary starting from the scratch, implementing all the technology to get the goal, trying to find the ideal place to locating them and then giving the most coverage possible to Arija and its surroundings.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, Oinarria GSM/UMTS/LTE Telefoniadun oinarri geltoki baten diseinua da Arijako udalerrian (Burgosen). Beraz, honekin herria estaldura handiagoz, sendotasunez eta puntako abiadurez hornitzea bilatzen da. Poiektu hau aurrera eramatearen arrazoia turismo eta opor gunetzat har dezakegun udalerri bati estaldura mugikor handiagoa ematearen beharra da. Izan ere, udalerri honen biztanleen copurua hamar bider handitu daiteke data zehatzetan. Hortaz, ezinbestekoa suertatuko da beharrezko teknologiaren hasierako ezarketa; horretarako, leku apropos baten bilaketa saiatuko da Arijako eta gertuko udalerriei gehienezko estaldura emateko asmotan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26813,1995,"It is analysed the penal justice model discussing about crme concept as a situation that concern the offender as much as the victim. And it is also explained the diversity of responses with regard to the delinquency. Likewise, the principles that should guide penal justice and different systems of victim compensaton are presented.","Lan honetan justizi penalaren eredua ikertu egiten da, delitu kontzeptua bai gaizkile bai biktimari dagokien egoera gisa aztertuz, eta gaizkintzaren aurrean eman daitezken erantzun desberdinak azalduz. Era berean, justizi penala eta kalte-ordainketa sistema ezberdinak agindu behar duten arauak aurkeztu egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58473,2022-06-30,"Loyalty Shares is a new instrument embedded in Company Law. This instrument violates the principle of proportionality, which is the general rule in the distribution of the right to vote, as it recognizes a double vote of the members who hold shares continuously for two years in a listed company. In this way, the aim is to eliminate the short-term strategies that are common in listed companies, while at the same time encouraging the long-term involvement of partners. Loyalty shares are planned to promote this involvement, making it more attractive to invest in and maintain the investment in the company, as shareholders who have expressed their loyalty to the company are rewarded with the right to double voting.","Leialtasun akzioak Sozietateen Zuzenbidean txertatutako instrumentu berria da. Instrumentu honek boto eskubidearen banaketan arau orokorra den proportzionaltasun printzipioa urratzen ciu, izan ere, kotizatutako sozietatean bi urtez, modu etengabean, akzioak mantentzen dituzten bazkideei boto bikoitza aitortzen dielako. Modu honetan, kotizatutako sozietateen inguruan ohikoak diren epe laburreko estrategiak ezabatu nahi dira, aldi berean, bazkideen epe luzeko inplikazioa sustatuz. Inplikazio hori sustatzeko leialtasun akzioak aurreikusten dira, sozietatean inbertitzea eta inbertsioa bertan mantentzea erakargarriagoa bihurtuz, izan ere, sozietatearekiko leialtasuna adierazi duten akzionistak boto bikoitzaren eskubidearekin saritzen direlako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19472,2016-11-04,"ENG-The investigation project documented here makes a study about the behavior of the spherical plain bearings, specially on the radial spherical plain bearings which need maintenance. The project proposes a method which links the value of the maximum load that bears the spherical plain bearing depending on the area of the contact surface projected in the direction of the load. The objective consists of developing a software based on this hypothesis to compare its results with the values obtained experimentally by the manufacturers thereby providing a caltulation tool which allows to improve the design of this type of components.","EUS-Hemen dokumentatutako ikerketa proiektua errotulen arloan zentratzen da, mantentze-lana behar duten errotula erradialetan bereziki. Proiektuaren proposamena errotulak jasaten duen indar maximoa kontaktu azaleraren area proiekzioarekin erlazionatzen duen metodo bat da, aplikatutako indarraren norabidean. Helburua bere emaitzak fabrikatzaileek lortzen dituzten balio esperimentalekin konparatzeko eta osagai-mota honen diseinua optimizatzea baimentzen duen kalkuluko erreminta bat horrela edukitzeko hipotesi horretan oinarritutako aplikazio bat garatzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19259,2016-10-14,"The object of this text is not only the study of those fluid dynamics processes that are in the basis of the different hydro systems that take advance of the electrical energy coming from the ocean but also their viability. For the development of this studio, and taking into account that the current state of this energy source is on development, existing systems and those that are forthcoming are going to be studied. This study’s goal is to bring to light the future high contribution that this source of energy will have in a near future in electric power generation. Taking into account the highlights of performed study and those characteristics of Cantabric Coast, a proposal has been made about the power generation systems that have considered appropriate for this area.","Lan honen helburua, itsasotik datorren energia aprobetxatzeko existitzen diren sistema ezberdinen atzean diren prozesu fluido dinamikoen eta ezaugarrien analisia da, hauen bideragarritasuna ere agerian jarriko delarik. Ikasketa hau burutzeko, jada existitzen diren sistemak analizatuko dira, baina baita ere etorkizun baterako proiektatuta dauden sistemen analisia egingo da. Modu honetara ikusiko dugu nola afektatuko duten sistema hauek hurrengo urteotan energia elektrikoaren ekoizpenean. Egia da teknologia hauen garapena bidean direla baina etorkizun ez oso urrun batean horrela izango ez delakoan, suposatzen da paper garrantzitsu bat hartuko dutela energia berriztagarrien artean. Egindako azterketatik lortutako ondorioak kontutan izanik eta Kantauri kostaldeko ezaugarriak kontutan izanik, eskualde honetan egokiak liratekeen energia lortzeko sistemak proposatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55057,2022-01-18,"In the Basque Autonomous Country immigrant students get lower results in English compared to the native students.This indicates that their inclusion is not being carried out properly. In this paper, the educational response received by immigrant students has been analyzed. For that, surveys and interviews have been conducted with Primary Education English teachers in Bizkaia. Teachers have shown that they are aware of the successful actions to be carried out with immigrant students, even if they do not carry them out. Finally, a didactic proposal has been implemented and discussed in which methodological adaptations were applied to promote the inclusion of immigrant students.","Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan ikasle etorkinek emaitza baxuagoak lortzen dituzte ingelesez bertakoekin alderatuta. Honek adierazten du inklusioa ez dela egiten egin behar bezala. Lan honetan ikasle etorkinek jasotzen duten hezkuntza-erantzuna aztertu da. Horretarako, inkestak eta elkarrizketak egin zaizkie Bizkaiko Lehen Hezkuntzako ingeleseko irakasleei. Irakasleek erakutsi dute ezagutzen dituztela ikasle etorkinekin egin beharreko jarduera arrakastatsuak, nahiz eta ez gauzatu. Azkenik, proposamen didaktiko bat inplementatu eta hausnartu da, ikasle etorkinen inklusioa errazteko egokitzapen metodologikoak aplikatu dituena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50979,2021-04-15,"Reading is important for developing students' critical thinking. In the education system only language subjects are used to encourage reading, however, it is read in all of them. Although, many times, reading only serves to read the information and few attempts are made to encourage reading as an enjoyment for everyone. In this work, the work between the school and the families will be showed with the objective of promoting reading in students. For this purpose, the activities that will be carried out around promoting reading during three months in the learning community of the Ibarberri school will be analyzed through observation, questionnaires and interviews.","Ikasleen iritzi kritikoa sustatzeko irakurzaletasuna sustatzea beharrezkoa da. Hezkuntza sisteman irakurzaletasuna lantzen diren arloak hizkuntzetara mugatzen bada ere, zeharka ikasgai guztietan erabiltzen da. Baina, askotan, informazioa irakurtzeko besterik ez da erabiltzen eta pertsona batek irakurzaletasunaz disfrutatzeko ahalegin gutxi egiten dira. Lan honetan, eskolaren eta familiaren elkarlana erakutsiko da ikasleen irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko. Horretarako, Ibarberri ikastetxeko ikas komunitatea aztertuko da behaketa, galdetegi eta elkarrizketen bidez. Hiru hilabeteetan zehar, egunero eskola horretan burutzen diren irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko jarduerei erreparatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/61066,2023-05-10,"People's negative attitudes or prejudice can be a major obstacle to the inclusion of people with disabilities. Knowing that attitudes can vary or be changed, the aim has been to investigate the attitudes of fourth- and fifth-year primary school pupils towards disability before and after carrying out an intervention. This work has been carried out in a public school in Seville, with 99 pupils (including 7 with SEN). The attitude research tool used was CATCH. This questionnaire is designed to measure young people's attitudes towards people with disabilities. Regarding the results, a high sensitivity to disability was observed. In conclusion, it is considered essential that students with SEN are educated in mainstream schools and that interaction with other students should be encouraged.","Pertsonen jarrera negatiboak desgaitasuna duten pertsonak gizarteratzeko eta integratzeko oztopo nagusi bat dira. Jarrerak aldatu edo moldatu ahal direla ikusirik, lanaren helburua izan da ikertzea zer nolako jarrerak dituzten Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren eta bosgarren mailako ikasleek ezgaitasunaren aurrean esku-hartze bat egin aurretik eta ondoren. Lan hau Sevillako eskola publiko batean burutu da 99 ikasleekin, euren artean 7 premia berezidun ikasleak direlarik. Ikerketarako CATCH galdetegia, gazteek desgaitasuna duten pertsonekiko dituzten jarrerak neurtzeko tresna, erabili da. Emaitzei dagokienean, desgaitasunarekiko sentikortasun handia ikusi da. Ondorio gisa, ezinbestekoa hartzen da HPB-ko ikasleak txikiak direnetik ikastetxe arruntetan eskolatzea eta gainerako ikaslekiko elkarrekintzaren sustapena garatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23136,2017-07,"In Spain since the approval of the Royal Decree 235/2013, it is compulsory to obtain the certificate of energy efficiency in new buildings and existing buildings that are expected to be sold or rented. The aim is to reduce the energy consumption and the CO2 emissions. In this context, Garazi Erezkano´s house is certified energetically. This certificate shows the energy rating of the building with a letter from A (very efficient) to F (inefficient) which is based on CO2 emissions scale. The certification is done through the CE3X software, and the result is a letter D. After that, interpreting the results of the certificate, three improvements proposals are analysed to make the house more efficient. The improvements are evaluated not only from the energetic point but also from the economic view. In this way, the energy rating could improve in 2 letters.","Espainian 235/2013 Errege Dekretua ezarri zenetik, derrigorrezkoa da eraikin berriek eta dagoeneko eraikita daudenak saltzeko edota alokatzeko eraginkortasun energetikoaren ziurtagiria izatea. Helburua, energia kontsumoa eta CO2-aren emisioak murriztea da, eraginkortasuna sustatuz. Testuinguru honetan, lan honetan lehenengo eta behin, Bilbon kokatuta dagoen Garazi Erezkanoren etxebizitzaren eraginkortasun energetikoaren ziurtagiria lortu da. Ziurtagiriak CO2 emisioen eskala baten arabera eraikinak energetikoki kalifikatzen ditu A-tik (eraginkorrena) G-ra (ez-eraginkorra) bitarteko letra batekin. Horretarako, CE3X software homologatua erabili da D kalifikazio energetikoa lortuz. Ondoren, ziurtagiriaren emaitzetan oinarrituz, etxebizitza eraginkorragoa bihurtzeko 3 hobekuntza proposamenen analisi energetiko eta ekonomiko sakona burutu da. Ondorioz, kalifikazio energetikoa gehienez bi letratan hobetzea lortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25553,1996,"The experience in urgent psychiatric admissions and their problems in the Emergency Coordinating Center in Guipúzcoa is described, considering received requests, therapeutic diagnosis, and management of assistance resources. The difficulties that all this involves for the Psychiatric Assistance field are also explained.","Lan honetan azaltzen da ospitalizazio psikiatriko larrietan izandako esperientzia eta horri dagokion problematika Gipuzkoako larrialdietarako Zentru koordinatzailean, jasotako eskabidea, diagnostiko terapeutikoak eta laguntzarako baliakizunen jestioa ikusiz, eta Laguntza psikiatrikoaren sailean dakartzan eragozpenak adieraziz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25438,1998,"In our society we are perceiving marginality, frustration, lack of expectations, crisis of socialization’s basic structures and an unusual violence. Front to this, the police must be capable, in addition to prevent, neutralize or investigate the crimes, to transmit the knowledge of these realities, and the factors which facilitate them, to other administrative and social instances that can intervene directly over the non symptomatic aspects of the question.","Gure gizarte osoan marginaltasuna, frustrazioa, itxaropen falta, baltzuratu egituren krisia eta indarkeri handiak nabaritzen ditugu. Honen aurrean, poliziak delituak oharrarazi, neutralizatu eta ikertzeaz gain, errealitate horiei, eta errazten dituzten inguruei buruz duen ezagupena, zuzenean adierazgarri ez diren alderdien gain eragina duten beste ardularitza eta gizarte instantzia batzuetara transmititzeko gai izan behar luke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72747,2025-02-13,"Currently, there is a growing societal interest in developing automatic systems to assist healthcareprofessionals in their daily tasks, particularly in the field of Evidence Based Medicine (EBM). These systems aim to emulate the clinical reasoning process used by expert doctors to extract relevant information from unstructured clinical texts. Moreover, another objective of them is to present this relevant information in a structured and understandable format for machines, which facilitates automatic analysis. Argument Mining (AM) is a field closely related to EBM dedicated to examine the evidence considered by doctors in a clinical case and the reasoning used. Thus, the AM is responsible for identifying, classifying and evaluating the arguments and the quality of the argumentative structurespresent in the texts. Due to the sensitivity of medical information and patient privacy, the datasets available in the medical field are often limited, which restricts the development of these processes. This research work focuses on developing a AM system that can identify and analyze the arguments which are present in clinical texts, as well as the argumentative relationships between them. This approach is supported by techniques such as Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Question Answering (QA), which have shown superior performance in situations of data scarcity, compared to other methodologies. The present work contributes significantly to the daily tasks of medical staff, which eases the recognition of argumentative structures that approve or disapprove the different possible diagnoses of a patient. The support of this type of intelligent systems alleviates the workload of healthcare professionals and allows them to offer better care to patients. Simultaneously, it represents great improvements in the prevention and early detection of diseases which allows them to be treated in many cases in time. Finally, this system can be considered a first approach to Argument Mining in the clinical field.It may become a system that develops evidence based justifications based on patient information extracted by a machine.","Gaur egun, gizarteak gero eta interes handiagoa du osasun-profesionalei eguneroko zereginetan laguntzeko sistema automatikoak garatzeko, batez ere, Ebidentzian Oinarritutako Medikuntzaren esparruan (Evidence Based Medicine, EBM). Sistema horiek mediku adituek erabilitako arrazoibideklinikoko prozesua emulatzeko gai dira; egituratu gabeko testu klinikoetatik informazio garrantzitsua atera eta makinentzako formatu egituratu eta ulergarri bihurtzen dute, haien analisi automatikoa erraztuz. Argumentu Meatzaritza (Argument Mining, AM) EBMrekin estuki lotutako alorra da, medikuek kasu kliniko batean aintzat hartutako ebidentziak eta erabilitako arrazoibidea aztertzen dituena. Horrela, AMk testuetako argumentuen eta argudiaketa-egituren kalitatea identifikatu, sailkatu eta ebaluatzen ditu. Informazio medikoaren sentsibilitatea eta pazienteen pribatutasuna direla eta, arlo medikoan eskuragarri dauden datu-multzoak mugatuak dira, eta horrek prozesu horien garapena mugatzendu. Ikerketa-lan honen helburua AM sistema bat garatzea da, testu klinikoetan dauden argudioak identifikatu eta aztertu ahal izateko, bai eta haien arteko argudiaketa-erlazioak ere. Ikuspegi hori hainbat teknikatan oinarritzen da, hala nola, Entitate Izendunen Ezagutza (Named Entity Recognition, NER) eta Galdera-Erantzun (Question Answering, QA) tekniketan. Horiek errendimendu handiagoa erakutsi dute datuen urritasun egoeren aurrean, beste metodologia batzuekin alderatuta. Lan honek nabarmen laguntzen du medikuen eguneroko zereginetan. Izan ere, paziente baten diagnostiko posibleak sostengatzen edo gaitzesten dituzten argudiaketa-egiturak identifikatzea ahalbidetzen du. Horrelako sistema adimenduna erabiltzeak osasun-profesionalen lan-karga arintzea dakar, eta pazienteei arreta hobea eskaintzea posible egiten du. Aldi berean, hobekuntza handiak eragiten ditu gaixotasunen prebentzioan eta horien detekzio goiztiarrean, eta kasu askotan garaiz tratatzeko aukera ematen du. Azkenik, horrelako sistema lehen hurbilketa gisa har daiteke testuinguru klinikoko Argumentu Meatzaritzan. Etorkizunean, ebidentzietan oinarritutako justifikazioak garatuko dituen sistema bihur daiteke, makina batek pazientearen inguruan ateratako informaziotik abiatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16485,2015-12-16,"The aim of this project is to try to get through the power offered by the sea, a system of autonomous power for a village of the Basque Coast. For it, there is necessary a study to obtain the power flow and the optimum wave direction where to place the head office as well as the best system for their use.","Proiektu honen helburua, itsasoak eskaintzen duen energiaren bitartez, euskal kostaldeko herri baterako energia elektriko autonomoa duen sistema bat lortzea da. Horretarako, beharrezkoa da isuri potentzia lortzen baimenduko duen azterketa bat, olatu zentrala kokatzeko norabide hoberena ezagutzen lagunduko duena, baita bere ustiapenerako sistema egokiena ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47363,2020-10-28,"This work of classic engineering, has been done in collaborationwith the Bilbao city council. The aim of this project is to regulateand,if it is possible,to eliminate the accumulationof water and sediments that appeared in specific points of the ground aroundthe park. Those accumulations, generate a difficulty on the use of accommodationsof this public space, when a medium-high intensity rain happened. With the objective of giving a solution to this problem, in each of those problematic points aroundthe park, one or more different drainage systems have been designed and measured, depending on the necessitiesand peculiarities of eachzone. When designing models ofthose prototypes, the sustainability has been taken account. In this way, making the design as much sustainable has possible, always considering the viability","Ingeniaritza klasikoko proiektu hau, Bilboko udalarekin batera burutu da. Helburu nagusia, Bilboko ekialdean kokatua dagoen Europa parkearen bide-zoru guneetan ematen diren ur eta sedimentu metaketak saihestea da. Izan ere, hauek, parkearen erabilera oztopatzen dute intentsitate ertain-handiko eurien aurrean. Honi soluzio bat emateko, parkean zehar arazoa sortzen duen gune esanguratsu bakoitzean, drainaketa sistema bat edo bat baino gehiago diseinatu eta dimentsionatu dira, gune bakoitzaren beharren eta ezaugarrien arabera. Soluzioak diseinatzerako orduan, jasangarritasuna kontuan hartu da, era honetan, sistemak ahalik eta jasangarrienak diseinatzeko, hauen bideragarritasuna beti aintzat hartzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23298,2017-07,"This project involves the implementation of a drone using a microcontroller board. The drone is basically a quadcopter, which is quite used in military and civilian sectors. The basis of this project is the creation of a software capable of governing the flight of the drone by means of a friendly interface, through which actions can be sent to the drone to make some moves or others. For this project, there is a printed circuit board that includes the necessary devices and connections for the correct operation of the drone, as well as a module that allows the connection of the quadcopter with the terminal that will govern it. The control of the drone will be done by means of a device, like a computer, and the connection with the microcontroller board will be done through a communication technology.","Proiektu hau, plaka mikrokontrolatzaile baten bitartez “dron” baten sorkuntzan datza. “Dron”-a, ere “quadcopter” bezala ezagututa, eremu militarrean bai zibilarengan erabiltzen da. Proiektu honen oinarria software baten sorrera da, “dron” baten hegaldia gobernatzeko. Interfaz adiskidetsu baten bitartez akzioak bidali ahal daitezke “dron”-era, honek mugimendu batzuk edo beste batzuk egin ditzala. Proiektu honetarako PCB batekin kontatzen da “dron”-aren funtzionamendu zuzenerako beharrezkoak diren aparatuekin, gainera, “dron”-a eta kontrolatzen duen dispositiboa konektatzeko moduluarekin ere kontatzen da. “Dron”-aren kontrola egingo da ordenagailu baten bitartez eta ordenagailuaren eta plakaren arteko konexioa komunikazio teknologia baten bidez egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73390,2025-05-07,"In the subject of music, learning to play and enjoy playing different instruments is fundamental. This enables pupils to develop musical, psychomotor or auditory perception skills, so it is beneficial for the school to have a wide variety of musical instruments. However, it is clear that not all schools can afford to make the purchase required for this financial cost or find it difficult to have enough instruments for all pupils. Therefore, this Final Degree Project analyses the use of beatbox as a solution to the insufficiency of instruments in the classroom, specifically in the 5th year Primary Education classroom. Thus, a learning situation has been created based on the beatbox, allowing students to explore and develop musical skills. To create the design of the didactic unit, the recommendations of a beatbox expert have been followed. In addition, through a theoretical examination and with the help of the beatboxing expert, it has been seen how the beatbox can encourage pupils to develop rhythmic skills, creativity and motor coordination, and the results of the study indicate that the beatbox not only makes up for the lack of instruments, but also increases pupils' motivation and participation.","Musika ikasgaian instrumentu ezberdinak jotzen ikastea eta haiekin gozatzea funtsezkoa da. Honek, ikasleei aukera ematen die gaitasun-musikal, gaitasun-psikomotor edo entzumen-pertzepzioa garatzeko, bestetik beste, eta horregatik, onuragarria izaten da ikastetxeak askotariko musika-tresnen jabetza izatea. Hala ere, argi dago ikastetxe guztiek ezin dutela diru kostu hau eskatzen duen erosketa egin edo zaila izaten zaie ikasle guztientzako musika-tresna nahikoa izatea. Hortaz, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek ikasgelan musika-tresna nahikorik ez izatearen irtenbide gisa, beatbox-aren erabilera aztertzen du, Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. mailako ikasgelan, konkretuki. Horrela, beatbox-a oinarritzat hartzen duen ikas-egoera bat sortu da, non ikasleei musika-trebetasunak esploratzeko eta garatzeko aukera ematen zaien. Unitate didaktitakoaren diseinua sortzeko beatbox aditu baten gomendioak jarraitu dira. Era berean, azterketa teoriko baten eta beatbox-aren inguruko adituaren laguntzaz, beatbox-ak ikasleengan trebetasun erritmikoen, sormenaren eta koordinazio motorraren garapena nola bultza dezakeen ikusi da, eta azterlanaren emaitzek adierazten dutenez, beatbox-ak instrumentuen gabezia ordezkatzeaz gain, ikasleen motibazioa eta parte hartzea ere areagotzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19339,2016-10-20,"Given the evolution in technology, the requirements needed in products that will be launched to the market is greater each day, that is to say, the demands needed to be fulfilled are more difficult and more expensive, not only to satisfy the exigencies of the client, but to ensure some quality and safety canons. This has a great relationship with the manufacturing of engineering products, as accuracy and surface finish quality are critical in many cases. One of the most widely used processes to obtain such characteristics is grinding. This project will be focused on the study of high accuracy grinding processes of steel to measure the wear produced on different alumina grinding wheels (being this combination one of the most commonly used), thus to be able to optimize the process by extending its life and productivity in the future.","Teknologiaren garapenaren ondorioz, merkaturaturako produktuen eskakizunak gero eta zorrotzagoak dira, hau da, jarraitu beharreko betebeharrak gero eta zailagoak zein garestiagoak dira; baina ez bezeroaren eskakizunak asetzeko soilik, baizik eta zenbait segurtasun eta kalitate kanon ziurtatzeko. Honek zenbait ingeniaritza produktuen fabrikazioarekin erlazio estua du, non zehaztasunak eta gainazalen akaberak ezinbesteko garrantzia dute kasu askotan. Maiz erabilitako prozeduren artean artezketa nabarmentzen da. Proiektu honetan zehaztasun handiko altzairu artezketa prozesuetako higadura aztertuko da, alumina artezarri mota ezberdinak erabiliz (altzairua eta alumina ohiko konbinazioetako bat izanda), etorkizunean, hauen bizitza eta produktibitatea hobetuz, prozesua optimizatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72685,2025-02-13,"Temporal Relation Extraction is a process that consists of chronologically ordering relevant events in a text. This task is crucial for text comprehension, especially in the context of medical events. However, language understanding systems face major challenges due to limited data availability, a situation that is especially acute in the medical domain. The private nature of clinical data prevents pre-trained language models from accessing large datasets with medical information, limiting their ability to encode this information effectively. This project aims to improve the performance of language models in the extraction of temporal relationships in the medical domain, especially when data are sparse and documents are in Spanish. To this end, the use of a natural language inference (NLI) method compared to a traditional classification baseline is proposed. Both sequential and bilingual few-shot and zero-shot techniques will be implemented and evaluated in a crosslingual environment. These techniques will assess the model's ability to generalize and adapt to new tasks with minimal domain- and language-specific data. The study performs a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art in extracting relations between events, employing NLI techniques together with few-shot and zero-shot learning. Using NLI as a pivot task, the temporal relations between events in medical reports from the E3C and THYME corpus have been classified. The objective is to sort the events of clinical reports by making timelines of patients to summarize the evolution of their situation, thus improving the understanding between different professionals and helping in their evaluation.","Denbora-erlazioak erauztea prozesu bat da, testu bateko gertaera garrantzitsuak kronologikoki ordenatzen dituena. Zeregin hori funtsezkoa da testuak ulertzeko, batez ere gertakari medikoen testuinguruan. Hala ere, hizkuntza ulertzeko sistemek erronka handiei egin behar diete aurre, datuen eskuragarritasuna mugatua delako, eta egoera hori bereziki larria da medikuntzan. Datu klinikoen izaera pribatuak eragotzi egiten du aurrez entrenatutako hizkuntza-ereduek informazio medikoa duten datu-multzo zabalak eskuratzea, eta horrek mugatu egiten du informazio hori modu eraginkorrean kodetzeko duten gaitasuna. Proiektu honen helburua medikuntza alorreko denbora-erlazioen erauzketa atazan hizkuntza-ereduen errendimendua hobetzea da, batez ere datuak urriak direnean eta dokumentuak gaztelaniaz daudenean. Horretarako, lengoaia naturalaren inferentziarako metodo bat (Natural Language Inference, NLI) erabiltzea proposatzen da, sailkapen tradizionaleko oinarrizko lerro batekin alderatuta. Few-shot eta zero-shot teknikak inplementatu eta ebaluatuko dira, bai sekuentzialak bai bi hizkuntzakoak, elearteko ingurune batean. Teknika horiei esker, ereduak zeregin berriak orokortzeko eta horietara egokitzeko duen gaitasuna ebaluatu ahal izango da, domeinuari eta hizkuntzari buruzko gutxieneko datu espezifikoekin. Azterlanak gertakizunen arteko erlazioak erauzteko artearen egoeraren azterketa sakona egiten du, eta, horretarako, NLI teknikak erabiltzen ditu, few-shot eta zero-shot ikaskuntzarekin batera. NLI ardatz gisa erabiliz, gertaeren arteko denbora-erlazioak sailkatu dira E3C eta THYME corpusen txosten medikoetan. Helburua txosten klinikoen gertaerak antolatzea da, pazienteen timelinak eginez, haien egoeraren bilakaera laburbiltzeko eta, horrela, profesionalen arteko ulermena hobetzeko eta ebaluatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36850,2019-12-12,"In this project, flexible fingers are going to be designed and manufactured with the purpose of developing a claw (the fingers together with the FESTO pneumatic actuator) to be able to take objects of different geometries without changing fingers, something that with commercial claws is more difficult to get. For this, a study of the state of the art will be made to analyze what kind of claws are found in the industry. Different alternatives will be studied in terms of conceptual designs, possible materials and manufacturing processes. After this exhaustive study, a simple designed will be chosen that will consist of a pair inclined walls joined with transverse ribs and an anchoring area to accommodate the fastening screws to the pneumatic actuator. Both for the testing of the different conceptual designs tested and for the realization of the final design of the fingers, 3D printing with nylon material has been used to give flexibility needed. Once the definitive design is decided, finite element studies with different applied loads will be carried out in order to be able to compare with experimental tests. The maximum permissible load will also be calculated to establish an adequate safety coefficient. Afterwards, three equal fingers will be printed, they will be assembled on the pneumatic actuator and they will be tested to several clamping tests of different objects.","Proiektu honetan hatz malguak diseinatu eta fabrikatuko dira, atzapar bat (behatzak FESTO eragingailu pneumatikoarekin batera) garatzeko helburuarekin, geometria desberdineko objektuak hartu ahal izateko behatzak kendu gabe. Azken hau merkataritzako atzaparrekin lortzea zaila da. Honetarako, artearen egoera aztertuko da industrian ze atzapar mota dauden aztertzeko, eta diseinu kontzeptual, material posible eta fabrikazio prozesu aldetik alternatiba desberdinak ikasiko dira. Azterketa zehatz honen ostean, diseinu sinple bat aukeratuko da zeina zeharkako zainez elkartutako bi horma okerrez osatuta egongo da eta ainguraketa gune bat eragingailu pneumatikoaren torlojuak kokatzeko. Frogatutako diseinu kontzeptual ezberdinen frogetarako eta hatzaren behin betiko diseinua burutzeko, 3D inprimaketa erabili da nylon materialarekin nahi den malgutasuna lortzen delako. Behin betiko diseinua zehaztu ondoren aplikaturiko karga ezberdinetako elementu finituko azterketak egingo dira beranduago froga esperimentalekin alderatu ahal izateko. Horretaz aparte, segurtasun koefiziente egoki bat lortzeko atzamarrak jasan dezakeen karga maximoa kalkulatuko da. Ondoren hiru atzamar berdin inprimatuko dira, eragingailu pneumatikoan muntatuko dira eta objektu ezberdinetako euste frogetara ezarriko dira. Benetako proba horien emaitzak elementu finituen analisian lortutakoekin alderatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19352,2016-10-21,"This Project lies in developing a Matlab program based on the Matrix Stiffness Method to calculate forces and displacements on plane structures. In applying the method, the system must be modelled as a set of simpler, idealized elements interconnected at the nodes. The material stiffness properties of these elements are then, through matrix mathematics, compiled into a single matrix equation which governs the behaviour of the entire idealized structure. The structure’s unknown displacements and forces can then be determined by solving this equation. The Matrix Stiffness Method is the most common implementation of the finite element method (FEM) and forms the basis for most commercial and free source finite element software.","Proiektu hau estruktura lauetan esfortzuak eta desplazamenduak kalkulatzeko Zurruntasunaren Metodo Matrizialean oinarritutako Matlab-eko programa bat garatzean datza. Metodoa aplikatzerakoan, haien artean korapiloetan konektatutako elementuetako multzoa bezala egitura modelizatuko da. Elementu hauen zurruntasun ezaugarriak konbinatzen dira, matematika matriziala erabiliz, egitura guztiaren portaera determinatzen duen ekuazio matrizial bakarrean. Esfortzuak eta desplazamendu ezezagunak ekuazio matrizial hau ebatziz lortu ahal izango dira. Zurruntasunaren Metodo Matriziala da Elementu Mugatuen Metodoaren inplementaziorik ohikoena, eta elementu mugatuko programen gehiengoko oinarria eratzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47024,2020-10-19,"INGLÉS- The aim of this paper is to design an energy self–consumption system for residential buildings, by using Matlab–Simulink Software tool. The analysis will contribute to the identification of parameters that optimize the installation. Key words: self-consumption, solar photovoltaic panel, inverter,Matlab-Simulink.","EUSKERA- Gradu amaierako proiektu honen helburua egoitza autokontsumorako sistema bat diseinatzeko tresna bat sortzea da.Horretarako, Matlab-Simulink simulazio-tresna erabiliko da. Simulazioaren bidez lortutako emaitzen azterketa instalazioa ahalik eta gehien optimizatzen duten parametroak aurkitzea ahalbidetuko du. Gako-hitzak: Autokontsumo, xafla fotovoltaikoa, inbertsorea, Matlab-Simulink." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19043,2016-09-30,"Several studies have dug into the possible determinants of the price of the European emission allowance. The aim of this final degree project is to analyse what factors influence the price of this financial product and how they do it, while we also check possible changes in the market behavior. The methodology used to conduct this analysis is mainly based on the generalized linear regression model. Unlike other existing studies, the sample we use includes observations from 2008 to 2015, therefore it includes the second phase (2008-2012) and the third phase (2013-2015) of this emission allowance market, allowing us to analyse the possible changes in the market behavior between those phases. The results support the existence of this structural change in a way that in the second phase the most influential factors were the natural gas and oil, whereas in the third phase the market behavior changes and coal becomes the influential factor.","Hainbat ikerketek hausnartu dute isurketa eskubide europar prezioaren determinatzaile nagusiak zeintzuk diren. Gradu amaierako lan honetan aztertu nahi da zer faktorek eragiten duten produktu finantzario honen prezioan eta nola. Analisi hau burutzeko erabilitako metodologia oinarritzen da nagusiki erregresio eredu lineal orokorrean. Egindako ikerketak ez bezala, gure laginak 2008tik 2015erainoko datuak biltzen ditu, zeinak barneratzen dituen isurketa eskubide merkatu honen bigarren (2008-2012) eta hirugarren faseak (2013-2015), horrela ahalbidetuz fase hauen arteko merkatu funtzionamenduaren aldaketak analizatzen. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, egiturazko aldaketa hau existitzen da eta horrela bigarren fasean determinatzaile nagusiak gas naturala eta petrolioa ziren, baina hirugarren faserako merkatua erabat aldatzen da eta ikatza da determinatzaile nagusia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50996,2021-04-15,"The main aim of this work is to offer a didactic proposal to the physical education teacher in order to create interactions between students. To observe the importance of this subject, a survey has been carried out in which the responses are reflected in the work. This essay wants to look for the integral development of the student, based on the paradigm of quality education. n this methodology, through motor action, the treatment of the language is given importance in order to create what we call positive bilingualism and so that the process of acquiring the second language is adequate. Keywords: Physical education, domains of motor action, quality education, language treatment, language acquisition, bilingualism, positive bilingualism","Lan honen helburua gorputz hezkuntzako irakasleei ikasleekin hizkuntza interakzioak sortzeko estrategia didaktikoaz baliatzeko proposamena egitea da. Ikasgai honek gizartean duen garrantzia azpimarratzeko inkesta bat pasa zen eta galdetegiko emaitzak eta ondorioak irudikatu dira. Ikasleen garapen integrala bilatuz kalitatezko hezkuntza deituriko paradigman oinarrituta dago. Metodologia honetan ekintza motorraren bitartez hizkuntzaren trataerari garrantzia eman zaio elebitasun gehitzailea sortzeko eta bigarren hizkuntzaren jabekuntza prozesua egokia izateko. Hitz gakoak: Gorputz Hezkuntza, ekintza motorreko domeinuak, kalitatezko hezkuntza, hizkuntzaren trataera, hizkuntzaren jabekuntza, elebitasuna, elebitasun gehitzailea" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24237,2017-09,"The increasing use of glass in construction poses new challenges when integrating it in structures. The concept of structural glass enters the picture, and with it, glass elements that asume mechanical and structural roles, such as beams, columns or glass fins, which are capable of forming real glass structural systems. This document presents the basis to analyse glass as a structural material, and includes examples of real solutions for a better understanding.","Beiraren erabilera eraikuntzaren arloan gero eta hedatuagoa dago, eta erronka berriak mahaigaineratzen ditu eraikinetan sartzen denean. Beira estrukturalaren kontzeptua agertzen da eta, berarekin, ardura mekaniko eta estrukturala dituzten beirazko osagaiak azaltzen dira, hala nola, habeak, zutabeak edo xaflak, beirazko benetako estruktura-sistema eratzeko gai direnak. Dokumentu honetan beira egitura material bezala aztertzeko oinarriak aurkezten dira, eta ulertzen laguntzeko, benetako irtenbideen adibideak ere gehitu egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37099,2019-12-19,"Abstract: this project presents the development of a machine learning system for image processing, which is applied to videos. In particular, its functionality is image interpolation, which consists of generating an intermediate frame between two contiguous frames. Applying this process to an entire video, its frames are duplicated, getting a slow-motion effect. To develop this kind of system, a training dataset is needed, which has been created from YouTube videos, whose frames have been extracted and selected based on a criterion. The system has been trained on this data, and built with a deep learning-based architecture; specifically, convolutional neural networks. Finally, the system has been evaluated on a public dataset, verifying the quality of the results and the improvement with respect to a baseline system.","laburpena: proiektu honetan irudiak prozesatzeko ikasketa automatikoko sistema bat garatu da, bideoei aplikatuta. Hain zuzen ere, irudien interpolaziorako sistema bat sortu da, elkarren ondoan dauden bi fotogrametatik tarteako fotograma sortzen duena. Prozesu hau bideo osoa bati aplikatuz, fotogramak bikoiztu egiten dira, kamera geldoaren efektua lortuz. Mota honetako sistema bat garatzeko entrenamendu-multzo bat behar da, proiektu honetan YouTubetik deskargatutako bideoetatik sortu dugu gure entrenamendu-multzoa, horretarako bideoetako fotogramak irizpide baten arabera erauzi eta aukeratu direlarik. Datu horiekin deep learning (edo ikasketa sakona) arkitektura bateko sistema bat entrenatu da; neurona-sare konoluzionalak, hain zuzen ere. Azkenik, sistema hori datu-multzo publiko batean ebaluatu da, emaitzen kalitatea eta oinarri-lerro sistema batekiko hobekuntza egiaztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32965,2017-06-23,"This paper aims at the analysis of the offence known as online child grooming (183 ter of the Spanish Criminal Code), which was introducedin the Spanish legislation by the Amendment Act 5/2010 as a result of EU requirements and in response to the social alarm generated around pedophiles. The paper assesses the adaptation of the wording provided by the Spanish lawmaker, as well as the need for incorporating this penal type on the Spanish Criminal Code, in addition to the study of proportionality problems regarding the concurrence clause defined in the aforementioned article.","Lan honen objetua online child grooming izenez ezagutzen den delituzko figuraren analisia da, egun 183 ter artikuluan aurrekusia eta bere garaian galdapen europarrei eta pederastei lotuta gizartean pizturiko alarma sozialari erantzun nahian Zkaren 2010eko erreforma bitartez txertaturikoa. Hala, legegile espainiarran egokitzapena egitean tipoair emandako erredakzioa eta, zehazki, haren egokitasuna eta beharrezkotasuna baloratuko dira, baita artikuluak aurreikusiriko ad hoc konkurtso-klausulak planteatzen dituen proporziozkotasun arazoak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14714,2015-03-04,"By this degree ending Project, a mechanism which is going to create a progressive suspension will be designed for the rear suspension of a motorcycle. In fact, the spring of the motorcycle is going to have a constant rigidity, but due to a special mechanism designed for the rear suspension of a motorcycle, the rigidity of that spring is going to be changeable. The mechanism used for this project is called Pro-Link and it is used by Honda. Owing to that, the global scheme of the mechanism is going to be designed, and thanks to a kinematic analysis done by the program Creo Parametric, and by making different changes in order to gain the best progressivity as possible, the graphic which shows the curve about how the rigidity is changing is going to be obtained. In other words, the way the new rigidity is changing depending on the vertical movement of the wheel could be observed. In addition to this, thanks to a dynamic analysis done by the same program, the reactions of the system will be obtained and the auxiliary elements, which are going to improve the functionality of the mechanism, will be calculated. Finally, a simple design of the triangle and a preliminary one of the arm will be done by finite elements method.","Gradu amaierako lana honen bitartez motor baten atzeko suspentsiorako diseinatuta egongo den mekanismo bat burutuko da honek suspentsio progresiboa sortuko duelarik, malguki lineal batetik abiatuta. Hala ere, motorrean jarriko den malgukiak zurruntasun konstantea izango du, malgukiak mugatuko duena, baina, moto baten atzeko suspentsiorako zehazki diseinatua dagoen mekanismo bati esker lortu egingo da zurruntasuna aldatzen joatea. Lan honetarako erabilitako mekanismoa Pro-Link deituko da eta Honda enpresa da mekanismo hau erabiltzen duena. Horretarako, mekanismoaren eskema orokor bat egingo da eta analisi zinematiko bat definituko da, Creo Parametric programarekin egingo dena. Sisteman aldaketak eginez ahalik eta progresio hoberenera gerturatzearren, zurruntasuna nola aldatzen doan erakutsiko duen kurbaren grafikoa lortuko da, hau da, zurruntasun berriaren garapena antzemango da gurpilaren oszilazio bertikalaren arabera. Gainera, programaren bitartez egindako analisi dinamiko batek mekanismoko erreakzioak kalkulatuko ditu, eta honen bitartez elementu laguntzaileak kalkulatuko dira sistemaren funtzionamendua hobetu asmoz. Azkenik, triangeluaren eta baskulantearen diseinu sinple bat garatuko da elementu finituko metodoaren bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55333,2022-02-02,"An approach to unpaid housework focused on its labour-nature. The whole process from the 70s “Wages for Housework” movement to the establishment of the Universal Basic Income will be analyzed in order to dissect this reproductive-labour. Furthermore, gender division of labour will be the basis to understand income-inequality as defined by UN’s 2030 Agenda’s 5th and 10th Sustainable Development Goals. Firstly, the impact unpaid housework would have on realeconomy will be figured out, and secondly, economic policies and other measures to avoid inequality regarding this topic will be put forward. Finally, the aim of this paper is to evaluate and make unpaid housework visible and to propose a way to overcome all unfair aspects implied in it.","Ordaindu gabeko etxeko lana hizpide hartuta, haren lan-izaeraren nondik norakoak aztertuko dira: 70. hamarkadako “Wages for Housework” mugimendutik hasita, gaur egungo Oinarrizko Errenta Unibertsalaren aplikaziora. Horrek, errenta ezberdintasuna (NBEko 2030 Agendako 5. eta 10. Garapen Iraunkorreko Helburuekin erlazionatuta) generoaren araberako lan banaketa oinarritzat hartuta ikuskatzea dakar. Gainera, alde batetik, ordaindu gabeko etxeko lanak daukan balio ekonomikoa aztertuko da, hura balioan hartzeak ekonomian izango lukeen eragina aintzat hartuta. Beste aldetik, lan honek sorturiko genero ezberdintasunak gainditzeko hartu daitezkeen politika ekonomikoak eta bestelako neurriak proposatuko dira. Azken finean, lanaren helburua da ordaindu gabeko etxeko lanaren inguruko egoera ikusgarri egitea eta hura gainditzeko bideak aurkitzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43118,2020-05-08,"Inglés: The aim of this project is to design an intelligent system which will be capable of playing chess by itself. In order to score that, some algorithms related with Artificial Intelligence, which enable a machine taking practical decisions, will be examined. Afterwards, some of these algorithms will be implemented in Python. It is intended that the chess engine can fight for a win against a child, making chess popular among young people.","Euskera: Proiektu honen helburua, xakean bakarrik aritzeko gai den sistema adimentsu bat sortzea da. Hau lortzeko, adimen artifizialarekin erlazionatuta dauden algoritmoak aztertuko dira. Ondoren, algoritmo honetako batzuk Pythonen inplementatuko dira. Xakeko motorra ume baten aurka lehian aritzeko gai izatea espero da, xakeak daukan populartasuna gazteen artean hedatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25471,1998,"The predominant image of Justice in spanish society represents the principal cohesion element of its structure and functioning. Starting from this affirmation, the opinion about the Justice Administration prevailing in our society is described, with independence of the factors, actions or circunmstances that could contribute to it. For that, some data, obtained between the population, about justice functioning, the treatment received or the perception of the collaboration with justice, are analyzed.","Justiziak gizartean duen irudia, garrantzi handikoa da bere antolakuntza eta funtzionamenduan. Baieztapen honen ondoren, Justizia ardularitzari buruz gure gizartean dagoen iritziari buruz hitzegiten da, bere moldaerarentzat egon diren faktore, mekanismo edo zertzeladak. Horretarako, justiziaren funtzionamenduari buruz poblazioan jasotako datuak aztertzen dira, jasotako tratuari buruz duten iritzia edo justiziarekin kolaboratzeaz duten perzepzioa kontutan harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29230,2018-10-23,"ENGLISH This project details the requirements and specifications for building a white-water canal in the Village of Balmaseda. The aim is to create the required facilities for practicing a sport on the rise in Balmaseda and Encartaciones. This project will be located in the actual placement of the soon moving Fabio Murga´s manufacturing facilities. In order to make available the required amount of water to enable all the sportive activities, a diversion canal shall be constructed. Water diverted from Cadagua River will be stored in a huge deposit. From this deposit, the white-water canal shall conduct the water towards the lower level deposit. The white-water canal shall fulfill the necessary standards in order to allocate competitions. A pumping system shall return the water to the higher level deposit. This pumping system shall consist on 4 pumps, 3 for continuous usage, and a fourth one for redundancy. Together with the pumping system, it is also planned to install a conveyor belt for an easier transportation of the users from the lower to the higher level. For maintenance tasks or water replacement, an additional underground draining canal shall be constructed. Besides the white-water canal, 3 buildings shall be constructed. Two of them shall accommodate facilities required by the users such as showers. The third one will contain the cafeteria. For the aforementioned 3 buildings, calculi have been carried out not only in terms of structure but also in terms of supplies, sanitation and inner illumination. In order to minor the environmental impact, gardens shall be grown all around de facilities. Finally, for users arriving by car, also a parking lot shall be constructed.","EUSKERA Proiektu honetan Balmasedako hiribilduan ur lasterreko ubide bat eraikitzeko behar diren xehetasun guztiak adieraziko dira. Helburu nagusia, Balmasedan eta batez ere Enkarterrietan gero eta gehiago praktikatzen ari den kirolean jarduteko beharrezkoak diren instalazioak sortzea da. Proiektua, Balmasedan dagoen Fabio Murga industrialdean kokatzen da, fabrikaren lekualdatzea aprobetxatuz. Kirol jarduera era egokian praktikatzeko beharrezkoa den ur kantitatea lortzeko, desbiderapen ubide bat eraikiko da. Ubide horren bitartez Kadagua ibaiko ibilgutik hartutako ura, biltegi batean bilduko da. Biltegi honetatik, lehiaketetarako baldintzak beteko dituen ur lasterreko ubidea irtengo da, beheko ur biltegiraino luzatuko dena. Goiko biltegitik beheko biltegira ur lasterreko ubidearen luzeran zehar igarotako ura berriz ere goiko biltegira bideratzeko asmoz, ponpaketa sistema bat diseinatuko da. Ponpaketa sistema honek 4 ponpa izango ditu. Horietatik hiru funtzionatzen egongo dira eta bestea mantenurako edo matxuren kasuetan erabiliko da. Halaber, kirol jardueran arituko diren kirolariak biltegi batetik bestera igarotzeko, igotzaile mekaniko bat jartzea aurreikusi da. Mantenurako lanak edo ura aldatu nahi den kasuetarako, lurperatutako hustuketa ubide bat jarriko da. Bestalde, hiru eraikin diseinatuko dira. Horietariko bi, erabiltzaileek kirol jarduera amaitu eta gero dutxa hartzeko aldagelak izango dira eta bestea kafetegi bat. Eraikuntza hauen egitura metalikoa izango da. Ur hotza zein ur beroko instalazioak, saneamendu sarea eta argiztapena dimentsionatuko dira. Eta ingurune guztiak landarez eta belarrez loreztatuko dira instalakuntzak ingurunearekin bateratzeko asmoarekin. Azkenik, instalazioetara gerturatutako erabiltzaileak beraien kotxeak usteko aparkaleku bat diseinatuko da, bere bide zoruaren sekzio erresistentea kalkulatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16437,2015-12-11,"The project consists on the study of the energetic necessities of a hydraulic power plant’s bombs and the construction of a wind farm to fulfil those necessities. For that there must be made a complete study of the area to find the most adequate place to locate the wind turbine taking into account the frequency, velocity and direction of the wind. After that, there will be mandatory to study the market and chose the most suitable wind turbine for both the air and land conditions. Once this has been made, it will be necessary to calculate the cost of the entire project. It will be also studied the possibility of injecting the excess of electricity to the electric grid. The final step is to compare the cost with the one of the bombs and to see if the project is viable.","Proiektu honekin zentral hidroelektriko baten ponpen behar energetikoen ikerketa batean eta haize-parke baten eraikuntzan datza, behar horiek asetzeko. Horretarako beharrezkoa izango da lurrra ikertzea aerosorgailuak jartzeko tokirik hoberena topatzeko, leku horretaren haizearen frekuentzia, abiadura eta potentzia kontuan hartuz. Ondoren merkatua ikertuko da, aerosorgailu aproposa aukeratzeko lekuko haize eta lur baldintzetarako, baita beste gai garrantzitsuak kontuan hartuz ere. Gehiegizko energia balego, sare elektrikoan injektatzea ere aztertuko da. Azkenik, proiektuaren kostua kalkulatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25354,1999,"In the light of the penal reform of 1983, the principles which must inform the new penal order are explained. In this way, and after arguing about when is necessary to associate a penal sanction with some behaviours, a discussion about the content and effects of the non-criminalization, the non-punishment, the non-judicialization and the principle of opportunity is presented, always looking for an adequate balance between the goods and values protected and the punitive intensity associated with them.","Ordenamendu juridiko penalaren jarraipideak zeintzuk izan behar diren aztertzen da 1983-ko eraberritzea kontutan harturik. Hau hala izanik eta zenbait ekintzek zigorra ondoriotzat noiz izan behar duten planteatu ondoren, kriminalizazio eza, zigor eza, judizializazio eza, eta egokiera jarraipidea aztertzen dira, askatasuna eta hainbat jokabideek, gizabanako eta gizartea kontutan harturik, duten zigorren arteko oreka mantenduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25254,2003,"After a brief review to the functions attributed to the Community Agency of Security, the author centers on the legal framework of the police action in relation to drugs in the Basque Country and the coordination of the different police services, and looks over the different sides of a problem that the police faces daily.","Seguritate agentzia komunitarioek dituzten funtzioei begirada bat eman ondoren, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan drogen inguruan poliziak jokatzen duen paperean oinarritzen da baita polizia ezberdinen artean ematen den koordinazioan ere, azkenik poliziak egunero zaintzen duen arazo horren arlo ezberdinak aztertzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19430,2016-10-26,"Abstract: Design of an automation platform based on Raspberry Pi, which can be programmed according to the international standard IEC 61131-3 for PLCs trough Codesys. Devices such as Arduino Uno and the ESP 8266 chip can be added to the platform. These devices will communicate with the Raspberry Pi using the Modbus TCP/IP protocol. The addition of the former devices introduce the IoT concept in the project.","Laburpena: Raspberry Pi-n oinarritutako automatizazio plataforma baten diseinua. Plataforma hau programatu dezakezu PLC-rako nazioarteko standard IEC 61131-3- ren arabera, Codesys erabiliz. Gainera, plataforma honi gehitu ahal ditzakezu Arduino Bat edo ESP 8266 txipa bezalako gailuak, Modbus TCP/IP protokoloaren bitartez Raspberry Pi-rekin komunikatzen direnak. Amaitzeko, gailu hauek IoT kontzeptua aurkezten dute proiektuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47025,2020-10-19,"The human factor has been making a water resources misuse for many years what has brought us to the need of starting to improve the quality of our waste before taking it back to our environment. This project’s goal is to provide a solution to a series of municipalities that do not have a water purification system which allows them to comply with the parameters required by the current regulations. I have decided, through my research, to build a Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) to improve the quality of the waste dumped into the Clarín river, located in Voto (Cantabria, Spain) in order to comply with the regulations caused due to the large population growth in the area during the last years. Taking into account the type of population, the contamination levels of the area, the type of sanitation network, the seasonal variation, economic factors…. I have selected the following options for the pretreatment, and the primary and secondary treatments. As pretreatment, I have chosen the option of roughing with automatic bars that, due to the type of network already available in the area, will make the water waste arriving to the E.A.D.R. meet the requirements need in the area and, at the same time, comply with the regulations established. The primary treatment is a physical one and consists on the implementation of two rotary sieves after a pumping well to continue with the elimination of suspended matters as well as with a part of the biodegradable organic matter contained into the water. Lastly, I have chosen a secondary treatment composed by four oxidation tanks and a circular decanter that will allow to reduce until 90% of the amount of organic matter that would have previously come from the rotary sieves and, also, until 80% of the suspended solids. All the elements needed in these three treatments, without counting with some specific machinery as the grinding grid, the two sieves, pumps, and some other components, will be made of reinforced concrete on site. This will cause the whole process to take a little longer but the cost will be cheaper. The total project will have a Contract Execution Budget of € 453,171.15 and an estimated total execution time of approximately 1 year, with a proper planning.","Gizarteak urte askotan zehar eskura izan dituen ur-baliabideak behar ez bezala erabili ondoren, isurketak geldiarazteko eta horien kalitatea, naturara itzuli aurretik, hobetzeko garaia da. Horrenbeztez, lan honek hurrengoa proposatzen du: urak arazteko sistemarik ez duten udalerriei irtenbide bat ematea indarrean dagoen araubideak eskatzen dituen parametroak bete ahal izateko. Beraz, isuriei buruzko araubidea betetzeko eta aipatutako udalerrietan azken urteetan izan den biztanleria-hazkunde handia dela eta, hondakin-uren araztegi bat (HUA) ezartzea erabaki da, Clarín ibaian (Cantabria) uren isurketa hobetzeko. Hondakin-uren araztegi horretan hiriko hondakin-ura tratatzeko dauden aukerak aztertzerako orduan, eta kontuan izanik biztanleria mota, eremuko kutsadura, saneamendu-sare mota, urte-sasoiaren aldaketa, faktore ekonomikoak, etab., honako aukera hauek hautatu dira: aurretratamendurako, tratamendu primariorako eta bigarren mailako tratamendurako. Aurretratamendu gisa, burdin sare automatikoekin arbastatzea aukeratu da, eremu horretan dagoen sare motaren eta HUAra iristen den efluente motaren ondorioz, behar diren baldintzak beteko lituzkeelako. Lehen mailako tratamenduak bi errototamizak ditu, ponpaketa-putzu baten ondoren, solido esekiak ezabatzen jarraitzeko, eta urek duten materia organiko biodegradagarriaren zati bat ere. Azkenik, bigarren mailako tratamendu bat jarri da, 4 oxidazio-tangaz eta dekantagailu zirkular batez osatuta. Horri esker, baheetatik igarotako materia organikoaren kopurua % 90 murriztu ahal izango da, eta solido esekien % 80 ere. Elementu horiek guztiak, makineria espezifikoa (arbastatzeko burdin sarea, baheak, ponpak eta beste osagai batzuk) kontuan hartu gabe, hormigoi bertan armatuzkoak izango dira. Sistema aurrefabrikatuen aurrean, obrak egiteko denbora luzatu arren, kostuak txikiagoak izango dira. Proiektuaren aurrekontua, guztira, 453.171,15 €-koa izango da kontrata bakoitzeko, eta, gutxi gorabehera, urtebetekoa obra egiteko, plangintza egokia eginda." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54044,2021-11-23,"Thermal energy storage is a key technology for overcoming the structural mismatch between energy supply and demand in thermal energy systems. Its use is essential for an adequate integration of renewable technologies. Latent heat thermal energy storage, which is based on the use of phase change materials, has been studied in depth in the literature due to its advantages over conventional storage methods. It can provide greater compactness and lower thermal losses than traditional sensible heat storage systems. However, to model a plate-based LHTES, it is necessary to calculate the discharge time using very complex equations in addition to expensive computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) are often modeled by incorporating Fourier number correlations. To date, many simulations have been developed and studied in the literature, albeit mostly for shell-tube geometry, reducing the potential for commercialization of LHTES products. Therefore, the objective of this master's thesis is the parametric study of a latent thermal storage system for plates using CFD modeling to reliably calculate the discharge time based on the PCM properties, the flow rate and different ranges of temperatures.","Energia termikoaren biltegiratzea funtsezko teknologia da energia termikoko sistemetan horniduraren eta energia-eskariaren arteko egiturazko desoreka gainditzeko. Funtsezkoa da teknologia berriztagarriak behar bezala integratzeko. Bero latenteko energia termikoaren biltegiratzea, fasez aldatzeko materialen erabileran oinarritzen dena, literaturan sakon aztertu da, ohiko biltegiratze-metodoen gainean dituen abantailengatik. Bero sentikorra biltegiratzeko sistema tradizionalek baino trinkotasun handiagoa eta galera termiko txikiagoak eragin ditzake. Hala ere, plaketan oinarritutako LHTE bat modelizatzeko, beharrezkoa da deskarga- denbora kalkulatzea ekuazio oso konplexuen bidez, fluido konputazionalen dinamika- simulazio garestiak egiteaz gain (CFD). Bero latenteko energia termikoa (LHTES) biltegiratzeko sistemak askotan Fourier-en zenbakiaren korrelazioak gehituz modelatzen dira. Orain arte, literaturan simulazio asko garatu eta aztertu dira, baina gehienetan karkasa-hodiaren geometriarako, eta horrek murriztu egiten du LHTES produktuen merkaturatze-potentziala. Beraz, master amaierako lan honen helburua CFD modelatuaren bidez plaken biltegiratze termiko latenteko sistema baten azterketa parametrikoa egitea da, deskarga-denbora modu fidagarrian kalkulatzeko PCM propietateen, emariaren eta tenperatura-tarte desberdinen arabera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25450,1998,"After explaining the principal objectives of Amnesty International, and commenting the acting techniques to get the active contribution of society, the particularities of the spanish section are pointed out. Likewise, the criteria used by Amnesty International related to the progrmans dedicated to the training of law enforcement agents are indicated, and the program about protection and promotion of human rigths in Spain is also stated.","Amnistia Internazional-ek dituen helburu nagusiak eta gizartearen parte hartze aktibo bat lortzeko ekintza teknikak aipatu ondoren, bere sekzio espainoleko berezitasunak erakusten dira. Amnistia Internazional-ek legea betearazteko dauden funtzionarien formazio programetan dituen ebaluazio iritziak adierazten dira, eta Espainian Oinarrizko Eskubideak babesteko eta sustapenerako programa azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19520,2016-11-14,"In this end-of-degree Project, the student Joseba Castresana will work in different types of applicable propulsion plants in a specific type of vessel. These two types of propulsions will be: diesel-mechanic and diesel-electric. The vessel choice is a tuna feezer fishing ship, and the main purpose of the project is the research on the advantages and disadvantages of both systems for different power demands from a fuel consumption point of view. First of all, some data have been collected and recorded along a year, taking power data, boat speeds etc. Once the potential energetic costs of the two systems are identified, the student proposes a solution as well as the conclusions reached along the work, numerically justifying each proposed improvement.","Gradu amaierako lan honen bidez, Joseba Castresana ikasleak itsasontzi mota jakin baten instalatu litezkeen propultsio mota desberdinak eta bere arteko desberdintasunak jorratuko ditu. Zehazki, bi propultsio mota aztertuko dira: diesel mekanikoa eta diesel-elektrikoa. Aukeratu den itsasontzia atun-ontzia izango da, eta lan honen helburu nagusia ikuspegi energetikotik bi propultsio hauen abantaila eta desabantailak ikertzea da, itsasontziak izango dituen potentzia eskaera desberdinen aurrean. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin itsasontziak urte baten zehar emandako datuak erregistratu eta batu dira, garatu beharreko potentzia edo ontziaren abiadura bezalako parametroak batu direlarik. Behin kasu batek zein besteak izan ditzaketen kostu energetikoak kuantifikatuta, soluzio bat planteatzen da, litezkeen hobekuntzak zenbakiz justifikatuko direlarik, eta ikasleak ateratako ondorioak aurkeztuko direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28312,2013,"This article is integrated into the Historiography of Archaeology. From this perspective and through examination of protectionist legal regulations of the nineteenth and twentieth we study the Provincial Monuments Commissions as institutionalized organizations for Archaelogical Heritage Management and their influence on the development and consolidation of Archaeology as a scientific discipline in Spain.","Artikulu hau Arkeologiaren historiografiaren korrontean kokatzen da. Prisma honetatik, XIX. eta XX. mendeetako araudi juridiko protekzionisten azterketa xehearen bitartez Monumentu-Batzordeak ikertzen ditugu. Hauek, bai Ondare Arkeologikoaren kudeaketarako eta bai Arkeologia Espainian diziplina zientifiko bezala finkatu zuten instituzionalizatutako erakundetzat ikertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19342,2016-10-20,"Slewing bearings are big-sized bearings which have to deal with great axial and radial loads, as well as with great overturning moments. Their main applications are wind turbines, thus bearings' design and analysis is crucial to the energy generation. The fact that the bearing’s standards are neither estimated nor even applicable in this case makes their production harder. Among the different reasons for the interferences between the rolling element and the ring, the manufacturing errors play an important role. This affects directly to the correct performance. Therefore, these will be analyzed through the development of an analytical model within this project, in order to obtain a quantifiable diagnosis of the interferences of the whole bearing.","Iraultze errodamenduak tamainu handiko errodamenduak dira; hori dela eta karga axial, karga erradial eta iraultze momentu handiak jasaten dituzte. Aerosorgailuek suposatzen dute euren aplikaziorik nagusiena eta euren diseinu eta analisiak energia sorkuntza prozesuan funtsezko rola jokatzen dute. Errodamenduen diseinurako arauek ez dituzte errodamendu mota hauentzako behar diren betekizunak ezta aztertu ere egiten. Horregatik gaur egun euren ekoizpena guztiz baldintzatuta dago. Ematen diren arazoen artean, hots, errodadura pista eta bolen arteko interferentzia, fabrikazio prozesuaren zehaztasun ezaren iturri dugu. Lan honen bidez gertakari hau aztertzea eta modelo analitiko bat interferentziak zehazteko baliabide gisa ezartzea dugu helburu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17669,2016-03-16,"This work is themed studio creativity. On this tour based on creativity, secondary school students of technical drawing have invented the game called Forms aimed at students in kindergarten. Throughout this work there have been two major challenges: firstly, the performing advisory works, with the addition of the creative process with secondary school students to create the type of game mentioned. The second challenge which presents itself was the development of a creative game for students in kindergarten. The primary objective of the game in question aspires to be the promotion, encouragement and the development of the creative potential that resides within every person. The double profile of the author, educator and of the Secondary school Children have been an indispensable tool for coping with and the resolution of the challenges which have arisen throughout the process. Furthermore, when introducing creativity to each stage of the educational process it is vital to bear in mind, that education is a global process.","Lan honen ikerkuntza gaia sormena da. Ibilbide honetan, sormena ardatz eta oinarri hartuz, DBH-ko Marrazketa Teknikoko ikasleek Haur Hezkuntzako umeentzat bideratutako Formak jokoa asmatu dute. Bi erronka nagusi izan ditu lan honek: alde batetik, DBH-ko ikasleekin batera, aholkulari lanak eginez, jokoa eraikitzeko prozesu sortzaile bat aurrera eramatea. Bestetik, HH-ko umeentzat joko sortzaile bat formulatzea. Joko honen helburu nagusiena pertsona guztiengan existitzen den sormen gaitasuna bultzatzea, sustatzea eta garatzea izan delarik. Bidean azaldu diren erronkei aurre egin eta konponbidea topatzerako orduan, egilearen Haur zein Bigarren hezkuntzako hezitzaile perfil bikoitza ezinbesteko tresna izan da. Ikuspuntu bikoitz honek, sormenaren txertatzea hezkuntzako fase bakoitzari egokitzea ahalbidetu du, hezkuntza prozesu globala dela argi izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30370,2018-12-14,"Introduction: The Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU) is one of the most expensive to treat complications of the Diabetes Mellitus and one with the most impact in the quality of life of patients. The complicated approach of these lesions is typically performed through a Moist Wound Therapy (MWT) by doctors or nurses. The difficult management of this chronic wounds has led in recent years to the realization of studies that analyse new advanced techniques such as Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT). This one, through its action mechanism, seems to improve the healing of complex wounds. Objective: To know the effectiveness of the NPWT compared to Moist Environment Healing to reduce the healing time, the reduction of the area and the creation of the granulation tissue in DFU. Methods: A bibliographic research has been carried out in PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, IBECS, LILACS and CINHAL databases; then a critical reading of the publications has been done according to the previously established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A 92% of the studies show a greater reduction of the area of the DFU, a shorter mean healing time and/or a better effect on the granulation tissue in the groups treated with NPWT compared with those treated with the MWT. Conclusion: NPWT is more effective by decreasing healing time, size and depth of lesions, and by increasing the quality of granulation tissue.","Sarrera: Oin Diabetikoaren Ultzerak (ODU) Diabetes Mellitusaren (DM) konplikazio garestienak eta pazienteen bizi kalitatea gehien kaltetzen dituztenak dira. Nahiz eta kasu gehienek sendatzeko metodo konplexua daramaten arren, medikuen edo erizaintzen laguntzaz Ingurumen Hezean burututako Sendaketari esker (IHS) gauzatzen da horien osaketa. Hauek sendatzeko zailtasunak direla medio, azken urteetan Presio Negatiboko Terapia (PNT) bezalako teknika aurreratuak aztertzen dituzten ikerketa berriak agertu dira. Azken honen akzio mekanismoari esker, badirudi zauri konplexuen orbaintzea erraztea lortzen dela batzutan. Helburua: Presio Negatiboko Terapiaren efektibitatea aztertzea Oin Diabetikoaren Ultzeren orbaintze denbora eta azalera murrizteko, eta granulazio ehuna eratzeko, Ingurumen Hezean burututako Sendaketarekin alderatuz. Metodologia: PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, IBECS, LILACS eta CINHAL datu baseetan bilaketa bibliografiko sakona, eta aurretik hautatutako inklusio eta esklusio irizpideen araberako artikuluen irakurmen kritikoa burutu dira. Emaitzak: Hautatutako ikerketen %92-ak, PNT-arekin tratatutako taldeak IHS- arekin konparatuz, ODU-ek hartzen duten azalera eta orbaintze denbora murriztuagoa dela adierazten dute. Gainera, PNT-ak ODU-etako granulazio ehunean ere efektu hobeagoa lortzen du. Konklusioa: PNT-a efektiboagoa da ODU-en sendaketan. Izan ere, orbaintze denbora, tamaina eta sakontasuna murrizten ditu, granulazio ehunaren kalitatea eta kantitatea handituz gainera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29273,2018-10-23,"In this document an analysis and improvement of the quick-return machine known as shaper is presented. The methodology employed for this project it’s based on four phases: in the first one a first design of the shaper is made in the software Solid Edge; then the respective analysis are executed in the informatic program Ansys Workbench; once finished those, the shaper is redesign taking into account the obtained results; at last, the design improvement is verified by using the same analysis as before (for this last two phases the same programs as before are used). The mentioned analysis are both dynamics and structural, by order of execution. The first one gives detailed information about the forces implied in the movement of the machine in every component of this one and, based on this data, the most loaded ones can be selected to be submitted to further structural analysis, which provides with detailed data of stress and strain on those elements. Ultimately, the second design was satisfactorily improved, which resulted on a resistant and efficient design.","Dokumentu honetan ijezkailu izenez ezagutzen den itzulera azkarreko makinaren analisia eta hobekuntza aurkezten dira. Proiektu honetan lantzen den metodologia lau atal nagusitan banatzen da: hasteko, ijezkailuaren hasierako diseinua egiten da Solid Edge software-aren bidez; ondoren, egin beharreko analisiak burutzen dira Ansys Workbench programaren laguntzaz; analisia amaitu eta gero, lortutako datuekin ijezkailuaren diseinua berregiten da; azkenik, diseinu berriaren hobekuntza egiaztatzen da aurretik egindako analisiak berreginez (azken bi fase hauetarako aurreko programa berdinak erabiltzen dira). Arestian aipaturiko analisiak bai dinamikoak bai estrukturalak dira eta diseinu bakoitzerako azaldutako ordenean burutzen dira. Bi hauen artean, lehenengoak osatuta dagoen elementu bakoitzaren kargak ezagutzeko balio du eta, datu hauetatik abiatuz, erresistentzia analisia aplikatuko zaien piezak aukeratuko dira, zeienen bidez pairatutako deformazioak eta bakoitzaren tentsioak lortuko diren. Amaitzeko, hasierako diseinuan gauzatutako analisiari esker ikusi diren akatsei erreparatuz, guztiz zuzendu dira, diseinu erresistentea eta eraginkorra lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37106,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the objective of this work is to develop the project, as real as possible, of the construction of Mungia´s Municipal Sports Center. For this, a metal structure has been used, using CYPE and hand calculations. In addition, different internal facilities have been designed.","Laburpena: lan honen helburua Mungiako Udal Polikiroldegi berriaren eraikuntza proiektua, ahalik eta errealena, garatzea da. Horretarako egitura metalikoa erabiliko da, CYPE zein eskuzko kalkuluak erabilita. Gainera, barne instalazio mota ezberdinak ere kalkulatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47700,2020-11-04,"Artificial neural networks are part of the group of technologies that we know as Artificial Inteligence, which are used nowdays in lots of applications and have a great potential looking to the future. They are based on mathematical models that try to resemble biological neurons, hence its name. In this project, an artificial neural network capable of detecting and recognizing hand gestures has been developed. To that end, the principles of this networks have been studied, as well as the best existing technologies for its implementation. Thereupon, using these technologies, various applications have been codified to create, train and use the targeted artificial neural network. For its part, the training of the neural network has been an iterative process, as is normal in the development of artificial neural networks. An initial architecture has been the starting point, and from there, after a series of iterations and parameter changes, an optimal and efficient architecture has been reached, as shown in a series of tests.","Sare neuronal artifizialak, Adimen Artifiziala bezala ezagutzen ditugun teknologien parte dira eta, gaur egun, teknologia hauek hainbat aplikazioetan erabiliak izaten dira, eta gainera potentzial handia daukate etorkizunari begira. Sare neuronal artifizialak neurona biologikoen antza daukaten eredu matematikoetan oinarritzen dira, hortik datorkie izena. Lan honetan, esku keinuak detektatzeko eta sailkatzeko gai den sare neuronal artifizial bat sortu da. Horretarako, sare hauen printzipioak ikasi dira, baita beren implementazioa lortzeko dauden teknologia onenak ere. Ondoren, teknologia hauen bidez, sare neuronal artifiziala sortzeko, entrenatzeko eta erabiltzeko hainbat aplikazio kodetu dira. Sare neuronal entrenamendua iterazio-prozesu bat izan da, sare neuronal artifizialak sortzean normala den moduan. Hasierako arkitektura batetik abiatu da, eta hainbat iterazio eta parametro aldaketa ondoren, arkitektura optimo eta eraginkor batera heldu da, egindako proba multzo batekin frogatu den moduan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25014,2007,"The traffic of women for sexual exploitation is a phenomenon that runs jointly with the increase of illegal immigration, constituting a variant of a larger phenomenon defined as trade of human beings. After examining the instruments for the eradication of the trade of human beings and traffic of migrants, the phenomenon of the trade of human beings by organized groups is analyzed, as well as the effect in Spain of organized delinquency. The possibility of considering an alternative to the expulsion the collaboration against the organized crime networks is also examined.","Sexualki ustiatzeko helburuarekin burutzen den emakumeen trafikoak, legez kanpoko inmigrazioaren gehikuntzarekin erlazioa duen fenomenoa da, eta gizabanakoen trafiko bezala definitzen den egoera zabal batean, sahiesbide moduan konformatzen da. Gizakien salerosketa eta migratzaileen legez kanpoko trafikoa erauzteko behar diren tresnak aztertu eta gero, pertsonen trafikoan dauden talde antolatuen hausnarketa burutzen da eta delinkuentzia antolatuak Espainian duen intzidentzia ere. Era berean sare antolatuekin lankidetzan aritzeko aukera kontutan hartzen da, kanporatzearen alternatiba bezala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54358,2021-12-03,"This project performs a simulation study of the extraction, focusing and transport system of a linear particle accelerator, with special emphasis in the Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT). First, a brief introduction to the physics of ion optics is presented. Then, SIMION, the ion optics simulation software is introduced by successfully checking a theoretical result developed beforehand. The dynamics of the beam is analysed for the system object of study, an extraction electrode, an Einzel lens and the LEBT, formed by two solenoids. The study is performed varying the magnetic field computation software. The results of emittance and beam focusing are found to be more consistent when calculated through SIMION only, than in combination with Ansys AIM. The system is found to be capable of transporting a proton beam of 30 KeV, delivering it with a radius smaller than 2 mm and a normalized RMS emittance of 0.02 mm mrad. Finally, the simulations are validated through experimental measurements of the radius of the beam, obtaining an experimental value of 1.36 mm and a simulated value of 1.22 mm.","Proiektu honek partikula-azeleragailu lineal baten izpiaren erautze, fokuratze eta garraiatze sistemak aztertzen ditu simulazio bidez, Energia Baxuko Izpien Garraioan (LEBT, ingelesezko siglen arabera) enfasi berezia eginez. Lehenik eta behin, ioien optikaren fisikari buruzko sarrera labur bat aurkezten da. Ondoren, SIMION izeneko softwarearen (ioien optika simulatzeko balio duena) sarrera labur bat egiten da, aurretik garatutako emaitza teorikoetako bat egiaztatuz. Izpiaren dinamika aztergai den sistemarako analizatzen da, sistema horren osagaiak erauzte-elektrodo bat, Einzelen lente bat eta LEBT (bi solenoide izanda) dira. Azterketa eremu magnetikoko konputatzeko software aldatuz egin da. Izpiaren emitantzia- eta fokuratze-emaitzak sendoagoak dira SIMION bidez bakarrik kalkulatzen direnean, Ansys AIMekin konbinatuta baino. Sistema 30KeVko protoi-izpia bat garraiatzeko gai da, 2 mm baino gutxiagoko erradioarekin eta 0.02mm mrad-eko RMS emitantzia normalizatuarekin entregatzeko. Azkenik, simulazioak izpiaren erradioaren neurketa esperimental baten bidez baieztatzen dira, emaitza esperimentala 1.36 mm eta simulazio bidez lortutakoa 1.22 mm izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23311,2017-09,"In this dissertation (TFG) the efficiency in energy use of a part of the sand drying process from an industrial plant belonging to SIBELCO company located in Robilante (Cuneo, Piamonte, Italy) will be analyzed. The understanding and analysis of the system will focus on the energy consumption and emissions related with the generation of heat needed for drying by two steam boilers and newly installed cogeneration system. The cogeneration system significantly improves the efficiency of the plant’s energy system by producing electricity cheaper than the one supplied by the grid. In addition, the equipment delivers heat through the emission gases and the engine refrigeration circuit, heat that, conveniently recovered (steam generation, heat exchangers), is used to dry sand and air conditioning of industrial buildings. However, the CHP is responsible for increasing NOx emissions beyond the limits established in the license of the industrial plant activity. Therefore, steam generation cannot be used to the maximum capacity in order to increase the production of sand and/or always comply with the humidity specification established for the product in order to avoid yield losses due to poor quality. This TFG has evaluated the alternatives to recommend an optimal solution to this problem. As a conclusion, the work recommends reviewing and reducing combustion air in the boilers and the cogeneration system to reduce NOx emissions, and proposes three possible solutions: (1) Heat recovery from the emission gases (2) Production of heat (and steam) by secondary burners up to the limit of permitted emissions (3) Treatment of emissions by SCR equipment to reduce NOx content.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan (TFG), SIBELCO enpresako instalazio industrial baten hondar sikatze prozesu parte baten energiaren erabilera efizientea ikertuko da, Robilanten (Cuneo, Piamonte, Italia) kokatuta dagoena. Hondarra sikatzeko beharrezko bero sorkuntzarekin lotutako kontsumo energetiko eta emisioetan zentratuko da zehazki lana. Gaur egun bi lurrun galdara eta instalatu berri den kogenerazio sistema baten bidez lortzen da aipatutako beroa. Ekipamendu berri honek sistema energetikoaren efizientzia nabarmenki hobetzen du, saretik hartutako energia baino merkeago ekoizten duen einean. Gainera ekipoak beroa ematen du emisio gas eta hozketa zirkuitoaren bitartez, hondarra sikatzeko eta eraikuntza industrialaren aire giroketarako erabiltzen dena. Hala ere, indarrean dauden legezko mugetatik gora NOx emisioak handitzearen arduraduna da aldi berean. Beraz, kalitate baxuagatik errendimendu galerak (OEE) ekiditeko helburuarekin, hondar ekoizpena handitzeko eta/edo produktuaren hezetasun mugak etengabe betetzeko, ezin da lurrun sorkuntza kapazitate maximoan ibili. TFG honek arazoari aurre egiteko alternatiba ezberdinak ebaluatu ditu. Ondorio moduan, lanak galdara eta kogenerazio sistemako errekuntza airea ikertu eta murriztea gomendatzen du, NOx emisioak txikitu ahal izateko. Gainera hiru soluzio proposatzen ditu: (1) emisio gasetatik beroa berreskuratu (2) Baimendutako emisio mugak gainditu barik erregailu sekundarioen bitartez bero (eta lurrun) produkzio handitu (3) NOx edukiera murrizteko SCR ekipamenduaren bitartez emisioak tratatu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29374,2018-10-30,"The purpose of this project is to study the possibility of installing a trigeneration plant in a dairy factory, where the energy is obtained by conventional means. The productive process of the industry will be explained in full detail and the quantity of energy that those processes consume. Finally, the design of the plant will be studied in order to, increase the energetic efficiency and economic study will be carried out.","Ohiko moduan energia eskuratzen duen esneki-fabrika bat hausnarru, trigenerazio instalazioaren diseinua ikertu eta proposamen berria egitea da proiektu honen helburua. Bertan, esnekien fabrikazio prozesua azalduz, fabrikak beharrezkoa duen energia kopurua adieraziko da. Energia eraginkortasuna hobetzekotan, trigenerazio instalazioaren diseinua egingo da eta ekonomikoki errentagarria den ikertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17670,2016-03-16,"The interest to know the playful culture of the children of the pre-primary education and the possible changes that have produced on it, has led us to make 100 interviews on the playful preferences and some remarks to infants from 3 to 7 years. To analyse the results, the obtained answers have been categorized following the classification criteria of J. Piaget, R. Ortega and Mc Lloyd. The results graphs have demonstrated that the age, the sex and toy have been crucial in the playful preference. Therefore, it has seemed excellent to us in pre-primary education given that it is the par excellence activity of the childhood.","Haur Hezkuntzako umeen jolas kultura, eta bertan gertatu ahal izan diren aldaketak ezagutzeko nahiak, 3-7 urteko umeei lehentasun ludikoei buruzko 100 elkarrizketa eta zenbait hausnarketa egitera eraman gaitu. Emaitzak analizatzeko, jasotako erantzunak J. Piaget, R. Ortega eta Mc Lloyd-en sailkapen irizpideei jarraituz mailakatu dira. Emaitza-grafikek, lehentasun ludikoari dagokionez, adina, sexua eta jostailua erabakigarriak izan direla adierazi dute. Hori dela eta, haurtzaroan jarduera nabarmena izanik, Haur Hezkuntzan aipagarri iruditu zaigu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16237,2015-11-27,"In this FYD a trajectory generator algorithm for the AR-Drone quadcopter capable of obtaining the fastest possible routes will be obtained, always taking into account the model dynamics and the environment limitations. Additionally a primitive control for obstacle detection will be proposed. By means of the communications between the quadcopter and the control of the characteristic parameters of the device, using the C# language, the necessary programming loops in order to select the inadequate trajectories will be established, obtaining those which fit to our criteria.","GAL honetan AR-Drone modeloaren dinamika eta ingurumenaren limitazioak kontuan hartuz bide azkarrenak edukitzeko gai izango den kuadrikopterotzako algoritmo ibilbide sortzaile bat eskuratuko da. Halaber, oztopo detekzio control primitibo bat proposatuko da. Kuadrikopteroaren komunikazioen eta tresnaren parametro berezien bidez, C# hizkuntzan aurkako ibilbideak bereizten gure irizpidearekin bat egiten duen programazio begiztak aukertatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25906,2018-03-22,"The image of disability has evolved throughout the history of children's literature. Already present in the tales of great writers such as Perrault, the Grimm brothers and Andersen, disability was presented as a defect in need of certain compensation. Modern children's literature focuses on this issue from a more optimistic point of view implying the need to accept and respect people with special needs as any other person. Unfortunately, the percentage of children's tales where the disability is not treated properly is still too high. Throughout this work, the importance of this literary trend will be exposed and guidelines for the correct choice of these stories through a qualitative analysis of several publications will be given","Haur Literaturaren historian zehar, elbarritasunen irudia asko eboluzionatu da. Perrault, Grimm anaiak eta Andersen autore garrantzitsuen ipuinetan jada agertzen zen elbarritasuna konpentsazioren bat behar duen gabezi bezala irudikatuta. Gaur egungo Haur Literaturak gai hau ikuspuntu baikorrago batetik bideratzen du, hartzaileei behar bereziak dituzten pertsonak onartu zein errespetatzeko beharra ulertaraziz. Tamalez, elbarritasunen trataera egokia bermatzen ez duten ipuinen ehunekoa oraindik handiegia da. Lan honetan zehar literatura mugimendu honen garrantzia azpimarratuko da eta hainbat argitalpenen analisi kualitatiboaren bidez, gai hau jorratzen duten ipuinen hautaketa egokia egiteko irizpide batzuk bermatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67771,2024-05-08,"In this Final Degree Project, dramatisation has been analysed from an educational point of view and the usual dramatisation techniques in preschool have been learnt. The aim of this research-action project is to apply dramatisation as an innovative pedagogical proposal, following the methodology of the Autonomous Movement. To this end, four educators and the head of studies of a specific school were interviewed and four dramatisation techniques were used for the proposal, which were established in a group of 5-year-old children. The results show that through dramatisation children develop communication, active participation and autonomy of movement, concluding that this subject is applicable in Preschool stage.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan dramatizazioa hezkuntzaren ikuspegitik aztertu da eta Haur Hezkuntzan ohikoak diren dramatizazio teknikak ezagutu dira. Ikerketa-ekintza lan honen helburua, dramatizazioa proposamen pedagogiko berritzaile gisa aplikatzea da, Mugimendu Autonomoaren metodologiari jarraituz. Honetarako, ikastetxe jakin bateko lau hezitzaile eta ikasketa burua elkarrizketatu dira eta proposamenerako lau dramatizazio teknika erabili dira, 5 urteko haur talde jakin batean ezarritakoak. Emaitzek erakusten dute dramatizazioaren bidez haurrek komunikazioa, parte-hartze aktiboa eta mugimenduaren autonomia garatzen dituztela, eta ondorioztatu da Haur Hezkuntzako etapan gai hori aplikagarria dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25611,1993,"Systematic presentation of the rules which contribute to foment the relationship between prison and Society. From Society to prison: visit, mass media, parcicipation in regime and treatment, postpenitentiary assistance. From prison to Society: correspondence, prisoners'press, leaves, open prison, students in prison, divulging penitentiary campaigns.","Espetxe eta gizarte arteko harremanak piztutzera laguntzen dituzten arauen azalpena. Gizartelik espetxeruntz: ikustapenak, komunikabideak, tratamendu eta arauetan erkidetza, espetxean egonaldi ondorengo laguntza. Presondegitik gizarteruntz: elkarri idaztea, presoen prentsa, baimenak, presondegi zabalik. ikasten duten presoek, hedatzeko presondegietako kanpainak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24452,2017-09,"Considering the worldwide energetic problems, the development of alternative and clean energies is a topic that is almost in all global government agendas, but also it is being considered by a lot of enterprises around the world. During the last years, the electrical production by using nuclear fusion is becoming more and more important. From among all of the experimental reactor that are being projected, there is one that seems to be the principal candidate to become the first commercial fusion reactor: the magnetic confinement reactor called tokamak. Through a controlled fusion reaction of two hydrogen isotopes, it would produce the necessary steam to feed a turbine in order to produce electricity. One of the main milestones to overcome to reach this objective is to design a high efficiency refrigeration system, who ensure the technical and economic viability of the future reactor.","Gaur egungo arazo energetiko mundialei lotuta, bai gobernu asko bai empresa gehienak, oso gutxi kutsatzen duten energía mota desberdinen garapena aztertzen ari dira. Azkeneko urteetan, ezaugarri horiek biltzen dituen energía sortzeko moduen artean, aipatzekoa da fusio nuklearrak izan duen garrantzia. Erreaktore esperimental mota desberdinen artean, badago bat zein fusio nuklearraren eremuan, historiako lehen erreaktore bilakatzear dagoena: tokamak motatako konfinamendu magnetiko erreaktorea, hain zuzen ere. Azken honek, hidrogenozko bi isotopoen arteko erreakzio kontrolatu bat izango du helburu, honen bitartez, turbinak energía sortzeko beharrezkoa duen lurruna lortuko baita. Hala ere, aipatutako proiektu hau aurrera ateratzeko, beharrezkoa da errefrigerazio sistema bat diseinatzea, beti ere hautatutako erreaktorearen funtzionamendu teknikoa eraginkorra denik eta ekonomomikoki ere baliagarri egiten duenik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25005,2007,"The penal protection of intellectual property is analyzed, focusing on the computer programs protection. Thus, starting from the history of the current regulation is presented a critical evaluation of the article 270.3 Penal code, after the reform operated by Law 15/2003, examining each of the novelties introduced by this reform, regarding the previous regulation, and explaining the different doctrinal positions in this matter.","Jabetza intelektualaren babes penala aztertzen da, ordenagailu programen babesari erreparatuz. Era honetan, eta gaur eguneko erregulazio aurrekarietatik hasita, 270.3 artikuluaren balorazio zorrotza egiten da, 15/2003 Lege Organikoak burututako Zigor Kodearen erreformaren ondoren, aurreko erregulazioarekin erlazioa duten berrikuntza guztiak aztertuz eta horretarako jakintzagaiaren irakaspen jarrerak aurkeztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16190,2015-11-25,"This work consists in the analysis and design of a biomass plant that uses cardoon from energy crops to generate 3 MWe and enough thermal energy to guarantee SHT (sanitary hot water) and heating, through a district heating system, to a few thousand inhabitants.","Lan honek biomasa lantegi baten neurrien ezarpena aztertzen du. Lantegiak laborantza energetikotik sortutako kardua, mila biztanleen berogailu sistema eta ur bero osasuntsua mantentzeko behar beste 3MWe eta energia termikoaren produkzioa bermatzen du. Bermaketa hau district heating sistemaren bitartez ziurtatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14028,2015-01-16,"This paper presents the approaches and results obtained about the educational influence mechanism of the progressive transfer of teacher´s control over the learning process to the students. The main idea is that this mechanism of educational influence takes place in the scope of the interactivity, I mean, the joint activity that students and educators display around de contents. The methodology chosen for analysis was an observation of case study and for what, we based on an analysis model consisting of different levels. Results provide evidence of the existence of this mechanism of influence through different elements identified, such as segments of interactivity or educational aids. Finally, some of the contributions and the boundaries of the results are discussed.","Azterketa honetan hezkuntzaren eraginaren mekanismoaren inguruan planteamenduak eta emaitzak aurkezten dira, zehatz-mehatz, kontrolaren eta erantzukizunaren mailakako eskualdatzea zereginaren gainean lortutakoak. Ideia nagusia zera da, hezkuntzaren eraginaren mekanismo horrek interaktibitate arloan jarduten duela, hau da, irakasle eta ikasleen arteko baterako jardueran edukien inguruan. Azterketa egiteko aukeratu den metodologia kasuen azterketa izan da eta horretarako, maila desberdinez osatutako analisi eredu batean oinarritu egin gara. Emaitzek mekanismo honen existentzia nabarmentzen dute identifikatu diren elementu batzuen bidez, hala nola, interaktibitate segmentu edo hezkuntza laguntzak. Amaitzeko, emaitzetatik jasotako ekarpenak eta mugak eztabaidatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16462,2015-12-15,"The aim of the present viability project is to study the efficiency and productivity of the Hydropower Plant of Ubao – Toquillo, placed in Oñati, Gipuzkoa (Spain), providing a variety of posible choices economically wise and technologically wise. In order to achieve that, the elements of the plant will be analyzed; although the hydraulic turbine is possibly the main element of the plant, some other parts of it will be studied as well, such as mechanical structures or electrical machines. For each of the provided alternatives, the energy production and the required inversión will be studied and compared between each other. Finally, the optimal solution in which the final draft will be based will be stated.","Eraginkortasun txosten honen helburua Ubao – Toquillo (Gipuzkoa, Espainia) zentral hidroelektrikoaren efizientzia eta produktibitatea aztertzea da, ekonomikoki eta teknikoki bideragarriak diren hautabideak aurkezten. Horretarako, zentralaren elementuak aztertuko dira; nahiz eta turbina hidraulikoa elementurik nagusienetakoa izan, beste elementu batzuk aztertuko dira ere. Hautabide bakoitzarako, energia produkzioa eta behar den inbertsioa kalkulatuko da, eta haien artean konparatuko dira. Amaitzeko, aukera hoberena hautatuko da, aurreproiektuan garatuko dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/48422,2020-11-18,"The process of disappearance of the Pyrenean glaciers is increasingly evident. According to the latest studies, they could disappear by the middle of the 21st century, as the processes of retreat have been occurring very rapidly in recent years. The disappearance of glaciers will mean a great change in the cultures and customs of high mountain areas and populations around the world. Glaciers are important elements in these areas, both visually and in terms of the popularity they give to the territory. The case of the Aneto and Maladeta glaciers is no exception and, as will be explained below, their disappearance may have consequences for the population, mountain communities and tourist attraction of the Posets-Maladeta Natural Park and its surroundings. Among the contributions of nature to the human being there is a group of non-materials. This paper will analyze how the disappearance of glaciers will affect these contributions. Several non-material contributions from the Aneto and Maladeta glaciers in the Posets and Maladeta Natural Park have been defined, taking into account the classification Nature's Contributions to People. These contributions, in our case, in the environment of Aneto and Maladeta, are beneficial. The non-material contributions have been divided into three areas of work: knowledge, experience and sense of belonging and identity. The aim of this work will be to analyse the benefits they offer at present and the consequences of the disappearance of the glaciers. For this purpose, a study will be carried out through a survey. The survey has been disseminated among the people who have visited the park and each one has made their assessment. This way we will be able to know and measure the importance of the intangible contributions of the glaciers. With these data we will be able to know the impact of the disappearance of the glaciers on these contributions and make a developed evaluation of the importance of the glaciers, in this case for the society and the management of the Posets-Maladeta Park. On the other hand, according to the data obtained, the most serious consequences of the disappearance of the glaciers are related to the experiences of the glacier itself, that is, scientific knowledge, hiking, mountaineering, mountaineering, etc. These are the most valued contributions of the glaciers, based on the experiences lived in them. In addition, the disappearance of the glaciers will have other consequences on the flow of visitors: if it decreases, it can affect the economy of the whole valley. In summary, this work shows the consequences of the disappearance of the glaciers as a consequence of climate change, of the non-material contributions of nature to society in the Posets and Maladeta Natural Park. The study of the Posets-Maladeta Park and its glaciers has been selected as a research case to understand similar processes that are taking place in other mountain areas of the planet.","Pirinioetako glaziarren desagertze prozesua geroz eta nabarmenagoa da. Azken ikerketen arabera, hauek XXI. mendearen erdialderako desager daitezke, urtze prozesuak azken urteetan oso bizkor ematen ari baitira. Glaziarren desagertzeak mundu osoko goi mendiko eremu eta populazioetako kultura eta ohituretan aldaketa handia ekarriko du. Glaziarrak inguru hauen elementu garrantzitsuak baitira, bai bisualki, baina baita hauek lurraldeari ematen dioten ospearengatik ere. Aneto eta Maladetako glaziarren kasua ez da salbuespena, eta, ondoren azalduko den bezala, hauen desagertzeak hainbat ondorio utzi ditzake populazioan, mendiko komunitateetan eta Posets eta Maladeta Parke Naturaleko erakargarritasun turistikoan eta honen inguruetan. Naturak gizakiari egiten dizkion ekarpenen artean ekarpen ez-materialen talde bat dago. Lan honetan, hain zuzen ere, glaziarren desagerpenak ekarpen horiei nola eragingo dien aztertuko da. Aneto eta Maladetako glaziarrek Posets eta Maladateko Parke Naturalean egiten dituzten hainbat ekarpen ez-material definitu dira, Nature´s Contributions to People sailkapena kontuan izanik. Ekarpen ez-material hauek, gure kasuan, hau da, Aneto eta Maladetako inguruan, onuragarriak dira. Ekarpen hauek hiru arloetan banatu dira lan honetan: ezagutza, esperientzia eta parte izatearen sentimendua eta identitatea. Lan honen helburua ekarpen hauek aztertzea izango da: alde batetik, gaur egun eskaintzen dituzten onurak eta, bestetik, glaziarrak desagertzeak ekarriko dituen ondorioak. Honetarako, inkesta baten bidez garatutako azterketa bat egingo da. Inkesta parkea bisitatu duen jendearen artean zabaldu da eta bakoitzak bere balorazioa egin du. Horrela, glaziarren ekarpen ez-materialen garrantzia jakin eta neurtu ahal izango dugu. Datu hauekin, glaziarrak desagertzeak ekarpen hauekiko izango duen eragina jakin ahal izango da eta, modu horretan, balorazio garatu bat egin, glaziarren garrantzia aipatuz, kasu honetan gizartearentzat eta Posets-Maladeta Parkearen kudeaketarentzat. Bestalde, lortutako datuen arabera, glaziarren desagertzearen ondorio larrienak glaziarrean bertan ematen diren ekarpenekin lotu dira, hau da, ezagutza zientifikoarekin, mendi ibilaldiarekin, mendizaletasunarekin, alpinismoarekin, etab. Hauek baitira glaziarren ekarpenetatik jendeak gehien baloratzen dituenak, alegia, bertan bizitutako esperientzietan oinarritutakoak. Gainera, glaziarren desagerpenak beste hainbat ondorio ere izango ditu inguruan, adibidez, bisitarien fluxuari dagokiona: hau gutxitzen bada, bailara osoko ekonomiari eragin diezaioke. Laburbilduz, aldaketa klimatikoaren ondorioz, glaziarren desagertzeak, Posets eta Maladetako Parke Naturalean naturak gizarteari egiten dizkion ekarpen ez-materialek zer nolako ondorioak izango dituzten azalduko da lan honetan. Posets-Maladeta Parkearen eta bere glaziarren azterketak planetako beste mendi eremuetan gertatzen ari diren antzeko prozesuak ulertzeko ikerketa-kasu bezala hautatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25258,2002,"In spite of the evolution improved in the last 15 years in relation to the interventions in drug addictions, a prohibitionist legal approach persists, implemented from the promulgation of the 1961 Convention on Narcotic Drugs, and developed in the different states and European legislations. Nevertheless, some countries, like Switzerland, Holland, Germany or England, have decided the development of the interventions in harm and risks reduction. Although the interventions in this matter are not absolutely uniform, some reflections about the importance of the philosophy of harm and risks reduction are considered from a historical and future point of view.","Nahiz eta azken urtetan drogen munduan interbentzioak eboluzio bat jasan duen, esan beharra dago, oraindik galerazteko lege ikuspegi bat dagoela, batzar bakarra eratu zenetik eta estatu europearretako legeriak garatu dutena. Suiza, Holanda, Alemania edo Inglaterra bezalako estatuetan ordea min eta arriskuak murrizten dituzten programak aurrera eramatea erabaki dute. Historikoki eta etorkizunari begira min eta arriskuak murrizten dituzten programen filosofia aztertzen da nahiz eta interbentzio guztien ikuspuntutik ezberdinak izan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45250,2020-07-09,"This project has been developed with the principal objective of demonstrating the knowledge and competences acquired during the Mechanical Engineering Degree.The initial proposal of this work is atechnique to reduce the demand of potable water, the application of a rainwater-harvesting system in a single-family house in the province of Vizcaya. The system implemented allows the replacement of the use of potable water with previously filtered rainwater for certain domestic applications that do not require high quality. Rainwater that is collected and stored properly can provide a sustainable source of water ideal for using inside and outside home.","Lan honen helburua Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko Graduan zehar eskuratutako ezagutza eta konpetentziak erakustea da.Proposamena edateko uraren eskaria murrizteko teknika alternatibo bat ezartzean datza, hau da, Bizkaiko probintzian familia bakarreko etxebizitza batean euri-urak biltegiratzeko eta aprobetxatzeko sistema bat aplikatzean. Erraz ezarri eta mantentzekoa den sistema honek ur edangarriaren kontsumoa murriztu nahi du. Bere ordez, aldez aurretik filtratutako euri-ura erabiliko du kalitate handirik eskatzen ez duten etxeko zenbait erabileratarako. Modu egokian bildu eta gordetako euri-ura etxean eta etxetik kanpo erabili ahal izango da zeregin jakin batzuetarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43113,2020-05-08,"Abstract The aim of this Project is the development of a system based on Reinforcement Learning algorithms, which is capable of granting autonomy to an unmanned aerial vehicle, which must learn to make an autonomous displacement from an origin point, to a destination point, without colliding with the obstacles that can be found along its path. For this, the necessary software tools will be used, which allow the simulation of scenarios both for training and for the evaluation of the algorithm.","Laburpena Proiektu honen helburua Reinforcement Learning-eko algoritmoetan oinarritutako sistema garatzea izango da, non gida gabeko aire ibilgailu bati jatorrizko puntu batetik helmuga punto baterainoko ibilbidea burutzeko autonomía emango zaio. Horrenbestez, ibilgailuak zehaztutako ibilbidea egiten ikasi beharko du aurki ditzakeen oztopoak saihestuz. Horretarako, entrenamendu zein ebaluazio inguruneak simulatzeko beharrezkoak diren software tresnak erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23416,2017-11-10,"This project presents the design of a residential fiber optic infrastructure in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country. The design will cover both the transport network and the access network. For this aim, an analysis of the technologies used by the operators in the design of their networks will be developed. Once the analysis is finished, the technology to be implemented will be selected and the design of a network infrastructure that offers broadband services to the users will be done.","Master amaierako lan honek, euskal autonomia erkidegoko etxebizitza zuntz optikoen azpiegitura diseinu bat aurkezten du. Disenuak garraio eta sarbide sarea estaltzen ditu. Horretarako, operadoreak beren sareen diseinuan erabilitako teknologien analisia garatuko da, eta hau amaitzean, erabiltzaileei banda zabaleko zerbitzuak eskaintzeko, ezarri beharreko teknologia aukeratuko eta sareen azpiegitura diseinatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19349,2016-10-21,"This work contains an analysis of the premises that the CTE code imposes for the construction with wood in the surrounding of the building. There will be a study about the technical behavior and the energy efficiency of these elements, regarding their compliance with the requirements of the standards. In addition, there will be an energetic and economic comparison between buildings of old construction and others of nearly zero energy. Observing the impact of the energy efficiency at an economic, social and environmental level.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, zurezko itxiera duten eraikuntzen analisia egiten da CTE-n oinarrituz. Elementu hauen portaera teknikoa eta eraginkortasun energetikoa ikasiko da araudiaren arabera. Gainera, konparazio energetiko eta ekonomikoa egingo da antzineko eraikuntzen eta ia zero energia duten eraikinen artean. Horren ondorioz, eraginkortasun energetikoak duen talka ekonomikoa, soziala eta ingurumena ikusiko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13625,2014-11-19,"We present a teaching plan developed in collaboration with The Agriculture and Farming Union of Alava (UAGA), which was implemented with Primary School students (aged 7-8) and which included a visit to a dairy farm. UAGA found that current school visits to their associated farms did not transmit properly the educational and social values related to the farming sector, which prompted the realisation of this project. To implement the teaching plan we collaborated with teachers from Dulantzi Primary School. Moreover, we have designed an informative leaflet and a picture book which accompanies the visit and that reinforces UAGA's mission. The teaching material has received positive feedback by UAGA and the participant teachers and the obtained results after the implementation have been satisfactory. However, there are some aspects that need more didactic intervention, such as promoting the role of agriculture in landscape conservation. This collaboration is ongoing and we hope that in future years, more materials will be designed to use in all stages of Primary Education.","Gradu Bukaerako Lan honetan Arabako Nekazarien Elkartearekin (UAGA) sortutako lankidetzaren ondorioz egindako proposamen didaktiko bat aurkezten da. Proposamen hau esne-behi ustiategi baten inguruan diseinatuta dago eta Lehen Hezkuntzako 1. zikloko ikasleriarekin praktikan jarri zen. UAGAk sumatu zuen eguneko eskola bisitak mugatuak zirela eta ez zirela ondo jakinarazten elkarte honek dituen hezkuntza eta giza baloreak, eta horregatik sortu zen proiektu hau. Unitate didaktikoa praktikan jartzeko Dulantzi LHko 2. mailako ikasleen lankidetza izan genuen. Gainera bisitarekin batera doazen informazio-triptiko eta irudi-liburuak ere diseinatu dira. Diseinatutako material didaktikoa, guztiak EAEko bi hizkuntza ofizialetan, harrera ona izan du UAGA eta irakasleriarengandik. Alabaina, eskuhartze didaktiko handiagoa behar duen alderdiak ere badaude, adibidez, paisaiaren kontserbazioan nekazaritzak duen garrantzia ikustaraztea. Lankidetza honek jarraitzen du eta hurrengo urteetan Lehen Hezkuntzako gainontzeko zikloetarako material didaktiko gehiago izatea espero dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36533,2019-11-27,"The aim of this projectis to design afingeometry able to guarantee the stability along the whole flightof a supersonic rocket and minimize the drag force. To achieve this goalthe type of flux has been defined; and aerodynamic and structural analysis have takenplace. Various modules o a program have beenused; actually, aCADmoduleto create the differentgeometries, a module of CFD to obtain results from the interaction between the fluid and the solid, plotting the data in various graphs, and a module of FEM to obtain the results related with the stresses and strain of the body due to the aerodynamic forces. All these data were evaluated in order to select the final solution.","Lan honen helburu nagusia suzirisupersonikobaten hegalen geometria diseinatzea da, kontuan izanda suziria egonkor mantendu behar dela hegaldi osoan zehar. Horretarako, fluxu mota zehaztu da, zenbait azterketa aerodinamiko eta egiturazko beste azterketa batzuk egiteaz gain. Aurretik aipatutakoa burutzeko, programa bereko modulu desberdinak erabili dira; halaber: CAD-aren modulu bat, aztertuak izango diren geometriak sortzeko; CFD-aren modulu bat, jariakinaren eta gorputzaren arteko elkarrekintzaren emaitzak lortzeko; eta bukatzeko, FEM-aren modulu bat, indar aerodinamikoen eraginez gorputzak jasandako tentsioak eta bertan agertutako deformazioak lortzeko. Azkenik, aurretik aipatutako emaitza guztiak ebaluatu egin dira, horietatik egokiena aukeratu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54092,2021-11-25,"The next research is based on child literature, specifically on the presence and treatment of special needs in child literature. In this research work is proposed an analysis of the most commonly used stories at schools around me, specifically, in 2nd grade in Primary and an analysis of stories with specific needs will be carried out. The proposed issue is important because there are more and more people in our immediate reality with special needs, and it is essential to develop empathy for these people, to understand their situation, to help them and to bring them together. In order to accomplish this, it is up to the teacher to work on it at school from childhood. An attractive and motivating resource is a tale. It has been noted through this research that there are a few books about special needs and most of the works found in our schools are written in Spanish.","EUS] Ondorengo ikerketa lana, haur literaturan oinarritzen da, zehazki behar bereziak haur literaturan duten presentzia eta lanketa aztertuko da. Ikerketa lan honetan, gure eskoletan, LHko 2. mailan hain zuzen erabiltzen diren ipuinen analisia proposatzen da eta behar berezi espezifikoak dituzten ipuinen analisia egingo da. Proposatutako gaia garrantzitsua da gure errealitate hurbilean gero eta behar berezidun pertsona gehiago daude eta, pertsona horiekiko enpatia garatzeko, beraien egoera ulertzeko, laguntzeko eta harremantzeko estrategiak eskuratzea ezinbestekoa da. Hori lortzeko, irakaslearen esku dago txikitatik eskolan horren lanketa egitea. Horretarako baliabide erakargarria eta motibagarria ipuina da. Ikerketa lan honen bitartez antzeman izan da gure eskoletan behar bereziko liburuen presentzia txikia dela eta euskaraz gai hori tratatzen duten oso lan gutxi daudela eta, batez ere, gaztelaniazko liburuetan lantzen dela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69465,2024-07,"This study examines the portrayal of male and female characters in books read by children aged 10 to 12 to investigate whether these books reproduce gender stereotypes. Additionally, in this age group, the key mediators who influenced the selection of books were identified.. The research method used is qualitative, involving 98 children from a public school and analyzing the 17 books mentioned by 34 of these children. Finally, the data have been analyzed and interpreted, and conclusions have been drawn.","Ikerketa honetan, 10-12 urte bitarteko haurrek irakurtzen dituzten liburuetan gizonen eta emakumeen pertsonaiak aztertu dira. Modu honetara, liburu horiek ea genero estereotipoak erreproduzitzen dituzten ikertu da. Horretaz gain, adin tarte honetan, liburuen aukeraketara zein bitartekariren bidez heldu diren jakin eta erreferentziazkoak diren bitartekariak identifikatu dira. Horretarako, erabili den ikerkuntza metodoa kualitatiboa izan da; eskola publiko bateko 98 haur izan dira parte hartzaileak eta horietatik gehien errepikatu diren 17 liburuen genero irakurketa egin da. Azkenik, datuak aztertu, interpretatu eta ondorioak atera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26115,1992,"It is explained the problem of the proof obtained in a illicit way and its regulation in the law in force, as well as the jurisdictionl guarantees of the means of proof.","Hitz egiten da proba bide gabeko lortukato problemari buruz eta bere arauketa gaurko legedian, baita ere probatzeko bideetan dauden mendeko baikuntzaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58332,2022-11-14,"Basque societv has been long time trying to achieve the linguist ic normalization of the basque language in ali possible areas. In this work, we will analvze which is the situation of the basque language ín the Basque Administratíon of Just ice. We start from the idea that the situation of the basque language ín the Basque Administration of Justice is more precarious than in the administrations in which the competences are fullv transferred. Our intention is to check to what extent t his is true or not and how does this circumstance affect the justiciables when thev have to choose one language or the other.","Euskal gizartea, aspaldidanik, euskararen normalizazioa ahalik eta alor guztietan lortzen saiatzen ari da. Lan honetan, euskararen egoera Euskadiko Justizia-Administrazioan aztertuko dugu. Kontuan hartu behar da, printzipioz, alor honetan, euskara egoera ezegonkorrago batean egongo dela gainontzeko administrazioekin konparatuta, eskumenak osorik transferitu barik daudelako. Gure xedea, hau zenbateraino den horrela ikustea da eta inguruabar horrek nola eragiten duen auzipetuek hizkuntza bat edo bestea aukeratzen dutenean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31777,2019-02-28,"The core of this dissertation is the traditional Basque cuisine. The aim is to recover the values of our traditional cuisine. The methodology has been the ethnographic research established by Jose Miguel Barandiaran, interviewing eleven grandmothers from Arratia valley in Bizkaia. Upon examination of the obtained data, it comes clear the incomparable contribution older generations can provide to the school. This project gives the opportunity to work from the learning community on healthy diet and sustainability with children. The goal is also to strengthen Basque language (recovering forgotten words) as well as transversal competences. We want to prove that the wisdom silently kept by our grandmothers can improve society.(Inglés)","Gradu amaierako lan honek Euskal Herriko sukaldaritza tradizionala du ardatz. Helburua gure herriko sukaldaritza tradizionalaren balioak berreskuratzea da. Horretarako Jose Miguel Barandiaranek ezarritako ikerketa etnografikoaren metodologia erabili dugu, Bizkaiko Arratia haraneko hamaika amamari elkarrizketak egin dizkiot. Bildutako datuen azterketak argi uzten du aurreko belaunaldien ezagutzak ekarpen paregabea egin diezaiokeela eskolari. Ikas komunitatetik elikadura osasuntsua eta jasangarritasuna haurrekin lantzeko aukera ematen da lan honetan. Era berean, euskara (burruntzaliko-berbak berreskuratuta) eta zeharkako gaitasunak indartzeko xedea ere badu. Gure amamek isilean gordetako jakinduriak jendartea hobetzen lagunduko duela erakutsi nahi izan dugu.(Euskera)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25860,2018-03-21,"Several pictures have been analyzed on this research being the house the main theme, with the aim of knowing the bond that each subject establishes towards its family as well as it´s feelings, interpersonal relationships and personality. The procedure of analysis that has been used is the appropriate for educators, as it takes into account more information than that which arises on the pictures themselves. The results obtained have confirmed the value of children´s drawings as an essential non-verbal expression tool capable to transmit essential information for an adequate procedure from the educator.","Ikerkuntza lan honetan hainbat marrazki aztertu egin dira etxea gai nagusia izanik, subjektu bakoitzak bere familiarekin dituen harremanak ezagutzeko helburuarekin, baita bere sentimenduak, harreman pertsonalak eta nortasuna ere. Erabilitako azterketa prozedura hezitzaile batentzat aproposa izan da, marrazki beratik atera daitekeen informazioa baino datu gehiago kontuan hartuz. Lortutako emaitzek haurren marrazkien balioa egiaztatzen dute ez-hitzezko adierazpen tresna eta funtsezko informazio igorle bezala, hezitzailearen jarduketa aproposa bermatzen duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68835,2024-07-09,"This document presents the equivalent three-phase electric circuit that models the steady-state response of a three-limb power transformer. For this purpose, geometric and magnetic analysis of the transformer have been carried out, and the principle of duality has been applied. The proposal has been validated by comparing simulation and experimental results. Finally, by means of simulation, limit working conditions in stationary regime under unbalanced voltage supply have been determined so as to guarantee the safety and reliability of the electrical machine.","Dokumentu honek hiru zutabeko potentzia-transformadore baten egoera egonkorreko erantzuna modelizatzen duen zirkuitu elektriko trifasiko baliokidea aurkezten du. Horretarako, transformadorearen analisi geometriko eta magnetikotik abiatu da, eta ondoren dualtasun-printzipioa aplikatu zaio. Proposamenaren baliagarritasuna simulazio-emaitzen eta emaitza esperimentalen arteko konparaketaren bidez egiaztatu da. Bukatzeko, egoera egonkorrean eta tentsio desorekatuak elikatzean makina elektrikoaren segurtasuna eta fidagarritasuna bermatzen duten mugako lan-baldintzak simulazio bidez zehaztu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27336,1997,": Welfare state’s crisis has been associated to the increase of inequality, social exclussion, poverty, racism and some manifestations of social identity crisis. This question force to revise welfare’s conditions. The reafirmation of european identity prevails on this debate, but in other direction there is an obligation to found a new identity that could make up for the “true” national tradition.","Ongizate Estatuaren krisiari lotu izan zaio desberdintasunen, gizarte-bereizkeriaren, pobreziaren, arrazakeriaren eta nortasun sozialaren galeraren adierazpen batzuen hazkundea. Arazo horiei buruzko galderak eginez gero, berraztertu egin beharko lirateke ongizatearen baldintzak. Eztabaida honekin batera europar nortasuna azpimarratzen da, baina, beste alde batetik, “benetako” nazio tradizioa berreskuratuko duen nortasun berria sortzeko beharra ere agertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19496,2016-11-08,"A flat truss is a structure that is composed of bars that are joined together in nodes forming triangulated plane figures. This type of structure will be supported by some props and subjected to the action of external forces, which will cause the appearance of certain strains in bars. Due to the importance of these strains in the design of the truss, it must be of a method that provides the values of these parameters and that is why a program of calculation in Excel is developed. Based on the method of the nodes and arranged in matrix form, this program enables the resolution of isostatic plain trusses in a fast and easy way. The obtained values are those strains in every bar and the reactions on the props as a result of the application of external forces on the nodes, as well as the graphic representation of the truss. All this will allow to know the conditions that the truss should be subjected to endure and resist external forces.","Sareta laua elkarte-puntuetan lotzen diren barrez osaturiko egitura bat da, triangelu lauak eratzen. Egitura mota hau sendogarri batzuetan eutsita egongo da eta kanpoko indar batzuetan ekintzek jasoko ditu, barretan esfortzu batzuk eragingo dituztenak. Esfortzu hauen garrantziaren ondorioz saretaren diseinuari begira, parametro hauen balioa ematen duen metodo bat beharrezkoa da, horregatik Excelaren bidez kalkulu programa bat hedatu egingo da. Elkarte-puntuen metodoan oinarrituta eta era matrizialean ezarrita, programa honek sareta lau isostatikoan ebazpena era azkar eta erraz batean posible egiten du. Lortutako balioak barra bakoitzaren esfortzuak adierazten dituzte eta sendogarrien erreakzioak elkarte-puntuetan eragindako kanpo indarren ondorioz, saretaren errepresentazio grafikoaz gain. Hau guztiak saretak zein baldintzen eraginpean jarrita egon behar den jakinaraziko du kanpoko indarrak jasan eta eusteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43093,2020-05-08,"SUMMARY The Project consists of the design of a hydraulic press whose strength consists of 200 Tn and is represented graphically and an approximate economic valuation is carried out. This press performs the work of a machine by compression force in order to deform a sheet, by drawing, stamping, vending... The vertical compression movement is performed by an engine and a hydraulic pump, which by that vertical movement deforms the sheet 2mm thick. The press that would be worked with would be similar to the image that we can have at the bottom. The working area of the press has approximate dimensions of 2000x1100mm where a sheet of 2mm thick will be deformed. The material used for the entire outer structure is steel alloy, better known as St-37. This material encompasses, as well as both the top and bottom assemblies, and the entire structure covering the main operation of the press. On the other hand, we would find different materials such as the F-111 alloy or the F-114. EIB 15/01/2020 6 200 Tn-ko Prentsa Hidraulikoa 2.DOK: MEMORIA The hydraulic press will be designed using the NX10 programme. This programme shall carry out all the components belonging to a press and by means of the option of the drawings, a thorough examination of the actual dimensions of each component shall be carried out. As it can well be distinguished by the help of numbers, we differentiate the different components that have been studied to design the press. Each with its tensions and calculations, in order that each of them correctly ful-fills its function.","LABURPENA Proiektu hau prensa hidrauliko baten diseinua burutzean datza. Prentsa honek 200 Tn-tako konpresio indarra burutuz, enbutizio, estanpazio edo tolesketa baten bitartez 2mm-tako xafla bat deformatzean datza. Hori burutzeko errepresentazio grafiko bat burutzen da, eta prozesua amaitzean ze nolako gastuak eman dirán jakiteko, balorazio ekonomiko bat egiten da. Prentsak buruturiko mugimendu bertikala bonba eta motor hidrauliko bateri esker ematen dira. Prentsaren lan guneak 2000x1100 mm-ko dimentsioak daukaz, 2mm lodiera daukan xafla deformatuz. Kanpo egitura osatzeko erabilitako materiala burdin aleazio bat da, hain zuzen ere, St-37. Material horrek bai goiko zein beheko muntagak estaltzen dauz. Eta beste alde batetik, prentsaren mugimendu nagusiak burutzeko erabilitako osagaiak, F-111 edota F-114 aleazioa estalduta. Prentsa hidrauliko honen diseinua burutzeko NX 10 programa erabili da. Programa hori erabiliz osagai guztiak diseinatuko dira, lehenik eta behin kalkuluetan lorturiko emaitzak erabili, eta gero, planoak burutuko dira. Planoak aztertuz, osagai bakoitzaren dimentsio azterketa sakon bat burutu daiteke. Zenbakien laguntzaz jabetuz, ondo desberdindu daitezke zelango osagaiak agertzen diran prensa baten baitan. Osagai bakoitzak bere tentsio edota beste kalkuluen inguruan aztertuko dira, bakoitzak bete beharreko funtzioak modu egokian betetzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14463,2015-02-23,"The aim of this project is to design and to implement the model of the FMS 201 station (base feeding) as well as the design and implementation of its control. This station belongs to the FMS 200 series (flexible modular training assembly system) distributed by the SMC company. There is one in the laboratory of the Department of Systems Engineering and Automation in the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao (EHU/UPV). Automation Studio will be used to design and implement the model. The model will be controlled by a PLC. OPC communication will be used in order to transfer information between the model and the PLC. A SIEMENS PLC S7-300 will be used to control the station. To finish the document, the control program will be executed against the model in order to check the results.","Proiektu honen helburua FMS 201 (oinarriaren elikadura) estazioaren kontrolaren eta estazioaren modeloaren diseinua eta inplementazioa egitea da. SMC enpresak komertzializatzen duen FMS 200 (irakaskuntzarako sistema modular malgua) seriearen parte bat da. Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko (EHU/UPV) Sistemen Ingeniaritza eta Automatika saileko ikerkuntza laborategian bat dago. Modeloaren diseinua eta inplementazioa egiteko, Automation Studio softwarea erabiliko da. Modeloaren eta kontrolagailuaren arteko informazio trukea egiteko, OPC komunikazioa erabiliko da. Estazioaren kontrola egiteko SIEMENS markako PLC bat erabiliko da. Dokumentua amaitutzat emateko, PLC-an kontrol programa exekutatuz, PC-an garatutako modeloaren kontra egiaztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29147,2018-10-18,"The main objective of this project is to contribute to the self-sufficiency of the residence and generate a boost in the field of alternative energy in Poland. Through the necessary knowledge and calculations, the substitution of the current equipment of the residence for others of a renewable nature is studied. The project seeks efficiency and commitment to the environment, focusing on electric and thermal generation equipment, analyzing the different alternatives and obtaining the three most suitable ones: wind, biomass and geothermal energy. Finally, the equipment is dimensioned and an economic analysis is carried out that confirms the profitability of the project.","Gradu bukaerako lan honen helburua Poloniako egoitzaldeetako auto-hornikuntzan ikerketa bat egitea da, baita bestelako energietan bere sustapena aztertzea. Bestalde, proiektu honek gaur egungo instalazioak beste berriztagarri batzuenekin ordezkatzea jorratzen du. Proiektuak ingurumenarekiko konpromisoa eta eraginkortasuna bilatzen du, instalazio elektrikoetan eta termikoetan oinarritzen, aukera desberdinak aztertzen eta egokienak aukeratzen: eolikoa, biomasa y geotermikoa. Azkenik, instalazioak hedatzen dira, eta analisi ekonomiko bat egiten da proiektuaren errentagarritasuna baieztatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36517,2019-11-27,"The attached final degree project is focused on the sizing of a Mexican windfarm so asto contribute to fulfilling the objectives of the national government regarding the minimization of the use of fossil fuels. In order that this happens,research regardingwind characteristicswill be made in the selected place where the windfarm could beinstalled.Once the wind characteristicshavebeen determined, an evaluation about which wind turbine is going to be usedis doneas well as thecalculations of theenergy production of the selected windfarm. After this, the windfarm site is defined and research regarding civil works is made.Next, the budget regarding the installation of the windfarm is calculated, where the tasks involving the project are included. Finally, analysis regarding both benefits and risks is made.Keywords:windfarm, wind turbine and Weibull distribution.","Gradu amaierako lan hau, Mexikon lokaturiko parke eoliko baten dimentsionamenduan fokatzen da, Mexikoko gobernuak erregai fosilen erabileraminimizatzeko proposamena betetzearren. Horretarako, haizearen ezaugarrien ikerketa egingo da parkea instala daitekeen lekuan.Haizearen ezaugarriakjakin ondoren, zein turbina eolikoa aukeratuko denaren balorazioa egingo da eta honen energía produkzioakalkulatuko da aukeraturiko lekuan. Turbina eolikoaren modeloa behin aukeratuta,parkearen kokapena definitu eta obra zibilaren ikerpena egiten da.Ondoren, parke eolikoaren aurrekontu ekonomikoa kalkulatzen da, non instalazioa egiteko beharrezkoak diren zereginak bilduko diren. Azkenean, parkea instalatzearen arriskuak eta onurak argituko dira.Hitz gakoak:parke eolikoa, aerogeneradorea, Weibullen distribuzioa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29267,2018-10-23,"The present text is about the design of a knee pad for common motorcycle users, meaning does not aim to beat the high-end competition models or be a low quality option, instead the goal is to make something between, that is, create a useful product with current materials and technologies and cover a present demand in the market. The knee pad is going to protect against wet and low temperature conditions while prevent from possible critical impacts. For this purpose, they will use waterproof, fireproof and insulating thermal materials, ensuring the effectiveness of the product. The design is simple and effective, is going to be made in a factory based on Zamudio, Basque Country, which already has the necessary means for the success of the project.","Idatzi honen bitartez motorzaleetzat diseinatutako belaun-babes bat aurkeztu nahi dizuegu. Produktu hau ez da konpetiziora zuzendutako gama altuko belaun-babes bat, ezta ere gama baxukoa. Gaur egun eskura ditugun material eta teknologia berriak baliatuz gama ertaineko produktu bat sortzea izan da helburua, eskari zehatz bati erantzunez. Belaun-babesak hezetasun haundia, tenperatura baxuak eta kolpeeri aurre egingo die. Hau bermatzeko erabili diren materialak inpermeableak, ignifugoak eta termikoak izan dira. Diseinu eta fabrikazioa hasieratik bukaerara Zamudion (Euskal Herria) burutu dira, bertan proiektuaren helburu denak lortzeko berme guztiak izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29484,2018-10-31,"The sudden cardiac death caused by a sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is one of the main death causes in the world. The treatment of SCA needs early defibrillation and cardiopulmonary resuscitation as soon as possible. Pulse check is compulsory to detect a SCA and to monitor the return of spontaneous circulation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. However, both lego and clinicians have difficulties identifying the presence of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. The energy of the effective heart beats is concentrated in the QRS complex, so a QRS detection is compulsory to develop automatic algorithms to detect pulse based on the electrocardiogram. In this regard, the aim of this project is to analyse classical QRS detectors with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest rhythms and to propose an appropriate QRS detection algorithm. Classical QRS detectors were designed for hemodynamically stable patients, and might not be accurate for SCA rhythms, where more unstable and aberrant waveforms are expected. The accuracy of classical QRS detectors will be statistically evaluated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest rhythms, and a new QRS detector will be provided appropriate for short time rhythms. The database used includes the electronic file, the electrocardiogram, and the clinical information of the patient. To facilitate this process, different graphic tools will be developed to define the data-base of the study, to evaluate the performance of classic QRS detectors and to design the proper QRS detector. Manual annotations of QRS instants are used to evaluate statistically the accuracy of the detectors and to quantify the error in terms of heart rate. Attending to the performance of the new algorithm proposed we conclude that it is possible to automatically identify the QRS complexes in cardiac arrest rhythms.","Bat-bateko bihotz geldialdi (BBG) batengatik ematen den bat-bateko bihotz-heriotza munduko hilkortasun kausarik nagusienetakoa da. BBGaren tratamenduak bihotz-biriketako berpiztea eta desfibrilazio goiztiarra eskatzen ditu, lehenbailehen hasi behar direnak. BBGa antzemateko teknika gaixoak pultsua duen antzematea da. Pultsu detekzioaren bidez, alde batetik gaixoak benetan bihotz geldialdia jasan duen bermatzea eta bestetik, berpiztearen saiakuntzan zehar berezko zirkulazioaren errekuperazioa antzematea baimentzen du. Hala ere, medikuntza profesionalek zailtasunak dituzte pultsu-presentzia era argi batean zehazteko. Bihotz taupaden energia QRS konplexuan dago. Beraz, QRS detektore zehatza ezinbestekoa da elektrokardiograman oinarritutako pultso detektore automatikoak garatzeko. Horren harira, proiektu honen helburua ospitale kanpoko bihotz-biriketako berpiztean agertzen diren bihotz-erritmoekin QRS detektore desberdinak aztertzea eta QRS detektore egokia proposatzea da. Hainbat QRS detektore klasiko proposatu diren arren, horiek ez dira egokiak BBGaren testuinguruan azaltzen diren erritmo erregularrentzat hemodinamikoki egonkorrak diren pertsonentzat pentsatuta baitaude aldiz, BBGko erritmoak oso ezegonkorrak dira eta uhin forma oso bereziak dituzte. Helburu hori betetzeko, QRS detektore klasikoak aztertu dira BBGko erritmo erregular laburrentzat. Horrekin batera, erritmo horietan QRSak detektatzeko balio duen algoritmoa diseinatu da aztertutako detektore klasiko baten algoritmoan oinarrituz. Lana burutzeko ospitale-kanpoko BBGa izan duten pazienteen erregistro elektronikoak, elektrokardiograma, eta datu klinikoak erabiliko dira. Prozesua errazteko asmoz, hainbat tresna grafiko garatuko dira datu-basea definitzeko, QRS detektore klasikoen gaitasunak ebaluatzeko eta QRS detektore aproposa diseinatzeko. Datu-basean markatutako QRSen uneak erabiliz detektoreen zehaztasunak estatistikoki ebaluatuko dira eta bihotz-maiztasunaren erroreak kalkulatu. Garatutako algoritmo berriarekin lortutako emaitzak begiratuz, BBGan agertzen diren QRS konplexuen uneak automatikoki identifikatzea posible dela ondorioztatu daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26324,1988,This text describes general characteristic of the Dutch policy on the subject of drugs and includes an annex about the Assistance Project for drug addicts in the city of Tilburg.,"Textuak droga-gaiezko politika holandarrak dituen ezaugarririk orokorrenak aitatzen ditu. Bestalde, Tilburg hiriak daukan drogei laguntza-Proiektua ageri da Erantsita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23173,2017-07,"In this end-of-degree Project, the student Aitor Etxeberria has studied the possibility of converting an already built building into a near zero emission building. These days the reduction of greenhouse-effect gasses has become a priority in the struggle against global warming. The buildings sector is key to achieve such reduction and the European Union is engaged in the conversion of buildings in the recent years. The building choice is a four-inhabitant single family house and the main purpose of this work is to analyse if it is possible to make its 𝐶𝑂2 balance zero. In order to achieve that, the resources on site will be studied, as well as their energetic potential and the most suitable solution has been selected. Finally, the solution selected and its functioning are described and it has been studied whether the building fulfils the conditions required to become a near zero emission building.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan Aitor Etxeberria ikasleak jadanik eraikita dagoen etxebizitza bat Zero Emisio Gordindun Eraikuntza bihurtzea posible den aztertu du. Gaur egunean, berotegi efektuko gasen isurpenak murriztea lehentasun bihurtu da klima aldaketaren aurkako borrokan. Hori lortzeko eraikuntza sektoreak garrantzia berezia du eta Europar Batasunak eraikinak eraldatzearen alde apustu egin du azken urteetan. Lan honetan aztertutako eraikina lau bizilaguneko etxebizitza familiabakar bat da eta lan honen helburua eraikinaren 𝐶����𝑂����2 balantzea nulua izatea posible den aztertzea izan da. Horretarako tokiko baliabideak eta hauek ustiatzeko aukera teknologikoak aurkeztu dira eta soluzio egokiena aukeratu da. Azkenik, erabakitako instalazioa eta bere portaera deskribatuko dira eta Zero Emisio Gordindun eraikuntza izateko ezarritako baldintzak betetzen diren aztertu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16299,2015-12-02,"This proyect is conceived as an answer to the increasing demand of turbomachinery parts and to the problems derived from their manufacturing. In the machining processes of such complex geometry parts, the collisions among tool-machine-equipment are a real problem which can cause serious economical losses. A simulation methodology with Siemens NX9 prior to machining will be implemented in order to prevent these collisions.","Proiektu hau, turbomakineriako piezen eskari gero eta handiagoaren eta haien fabrikazioak dakarren arazoetarako erantzun gisa sortu da. Pieza horien mekanizazio prozesuetan, haien geometria konplexua dela eta, agertzen diren talkak tresna-makina-lanabes-en artean galtze ekonomiko handiak sor ditzakeen benetako arazoa da. Fabrikazio aurreko Siemens NX9 bitartezko simulazio metodologia implementatuko da aipatutako talkak ekiditzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14689,2015-03-02,"Two different electronic differentials are designed in this project, as well as a vehicle model to allow checking for its validity. Both methods have been programmed in LabView2013, same as the model, to be able to perform a series of simulations to validate these designs. The results obtained by both differentials are satisfactory and they could be used interchangeably. The performed study offers a starting point for more complex simulations, as well as a previous step to implementing these differential models in real cars.","Proiektu honetan diferentzial elektronikoen bi diseinu azaltzen dira hala nola ibilgailu baten eredua, proiektuaren baliogarritasuna frogatzeko asmoz. LabView2013 bitartez egin da modeloen programazioa eta simulazioen bitartez egindako diseinuak balioztatu dira. Lortutako emaitzak egokiak izan dira; beraz, diferentzial bietatik edozein erabili daiteke. Egindako azterketa aurrerantzean egingo diren simulazio konplexuagoentzat oinarri da. Halaber, proiektu honek ibilgailu errealetan eredu diferentzial hauek integratzea ahalbidetuko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25137,2003,"The Spanish penal Code of 1995 regulates the genocide as well as a wide catalogue of the denominated war crimes. There is a double aim of discussion: the possible risk of an extensive interpretation of the lese humanity crime that facilitates the punishment of some behaviors traditionally classed as terrorism crimes, and, on the other hand, also it can be clarified the relation between this crime against humanity and the crime of provocation regulated in the most of the countries of our legal culture.","1995. urteko Kode Penalak, genozidio delitua eta gerra krimenak deritzan delituak jasotzen ditu. Eztabaida bi ikuspegi ezberdinetatik azaltzen da: terrorismo delitu bezala zigortuak izan diren delituak tipifikazio ezberdina jasotzera pasa daitezke, hauek gizakien aurkako delitu bezala tipifikatua, eta beste alde batetatik, azaltzea badago, gizakien aurkako krimenak eta probokazio delituen artean dagoen erlazioa aztertzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27348,1998,"Among the new incorporate hardships to the new spanish Penal Code from 1995, it detaches, because of its controversy, the application of the pain of weekwnd arrest. After a brief concept’s definition, the aspects of its regulation are analyzed. In this way, we can infer the legislator’s idea when he designed this new punitive answer and we can analyze the reality of its application on the part of the penal organs. To such an effect, the data of the Penitentiary Administration of Cataluña are exposed, as well as a study of the juridical resolutions that put into practice this pain.","1995-eko Kode penal berrian, duen aurkakotasunaren ondorioz paper nabarmena hartzen duen zigorra, asteburuko atxiloketa da. Definizio labur baten ondoren, legelariak zigor erantzun berria eratzerakoan duen ideia argitzeko eta organu penal zigortzaileen aldetik ematen den aplikazioa ikusteko, arauzko prozesuan gatazkatsuen gertatzen diren alderdiak aztertzen dira. Horretarako, Kataluniako Baitegi Ardularitzaren datuak eskeintzen dira eta zigor hori aplikatzen duten auzitegien erabakiak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24316,2014,"The criminal liability of legal persons was adopted in the 1994 Penal Code of France, collected in its 121-2 first article. This work shows how is the French regulation on this issue, infringements and consequent punishment.","Frantzian 1994ko Zigor Kodeak indarrean sartu zuen pertsona juridikoen erantzukizun penalaren erregulazioa bertako 121-2 1. artikuluan. Lan honetan, erregulazioa azaltzen zaigu, pertsona juridikoek burutzen dituzten delituak eta euren ondorio juridikoak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43104,2020-05-08,"In the study at hand, an analysis of the most important procedures that are carried out in the entry of ships and goods in the port of Bilbao has been made For this, the e-puertobilbao telematic system, the current regulations of the port operation have been analyzed and interviews have been conducted with people who use this system (consignees, port authority, port companies, moorings, tugboats, port pilots, etc). The final objective is based on locating friction points or inconveniences of the system, as well as possible solutions in order to improve the operation of entry of ships and merchandise into the port.","Aztergai dugun azterlanean, Bilboko portuan egin behar ditugun izapide garrantzitsuenen laburpena egiten saiatu gara, ontzi batek inolako eragozpenik gabe atrakatu ahal izateko. Horretarako, e-puertobilbao den leihatila bakarreko plataforma telematikoak nola funtzionatzen duen azaldu da, bere atal eta helburuekin. Plataforma horren erabiltzaile izan daitezkeen pertsonak eta bertan kokatuta daudenak, itsas unitateak, erakunde ofizialak edo administrazio- erakundeak balira bezala. Horretaz gain, bete behar dituzten legeen zerrenda egiten saiatu gara, eta lege horiek nola koordinatzen edo erlazionatzen diren azaltzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23047,2013,"Based on the concept of victimal justice, a revision is done on the position and rights of the person concerned at the criminal proceeding, who is more protected than the rest of the persons involved in the same. Compared with this, and as several sentences have shown, the victim’s right to obtain effective help does not mean the right to obtain the conviction, but for his claims to receive a reasonable answer from the Spanish Constitutional Court and Supreme Court.","Biktimekiko justiziaren kontzeptutik abiatuta, prozesu penalean egotzitako pertsonaren jarrera berrikusten da, prozesu penaleko gainerako protagonistak baino gehiago babestua, eta, halaber, berak bakarrik dituen hainbat eskubide errepasatzen dira. Horren aurrean, biktimaren kasuan tutoretza judizial eraginkorrerako duen eskubideak ez dakar berarekin kondena lortzeko eskubidea; aldiz, bere uziek erantzun arrazoitua eta zentzuzkoa jasotzea dakar organo jurisdikzionalen eskutik, Auzitegi Konstituzionaleko eta Auzitegi Goreneko hainbat sententziak adierazi duten moduan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59975,2023-02-20,"It is very common to find different illustrated albums in Early Childhood Education classrooms. They are usually selected on the basis of content, forgetting that the image is a fundamental element. On the other hand, the collection of classic stories in the Durango library is enormous. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the relationship between the schools of Durango and the Library, precisely, to analyze the school use of classic stories from the point of view of the image, in order to subsequently design a library-school proposal. To this end, the classic stories that exist in the schools will be documented in order to complete significant resources for them. Finally, the resources proposed to the classes will be used in the classrooms.","Oso ohikoa da Haur Hezkuntzako geletan album ilustratu desberdinak topatzea. Normalean edukiaren arabera hautatzen dira, irudia funtsezko osagaia dela ahaztuz. Bestalde, Durangoko bibliotekan dagoen ipuin klasikoen bilduma izugarria da. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburua Durangoko eskolen eta Bibliotekaren arteko harremana aztertzea da, hain zuzen ere, ipuin klasikoen eskolako erabilera aztertzea irudiaren ikuspuntutik begiratuta, ondoren biblioteka-eskola proposamen bat diseinatzeko. Horretarako, eskoletan dauden ipuin klasikoak dokumentatuko dira, eskoletarako baliabide esanguratsuak osatzeko. Amaitzeko, eskolei proposatutako baliabideak geletan erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23152,2017-07,"The Project suggested in this document aims at demonstrating how the electrical transmission in DC, focusing on HVDC, is the most efficient technology in the transport of huge quantities of electricity to large distances, due to the fact ,that the leaks that these lines have are significantly lower to those of the equivalent AC lines. Consequently, a detailed study of the features of these lines will be carried out. In order to complement and make easier the comprehension of the theoretic part, a modeling is developed with the help of a software from the multi-terminal DC system designed by the international organization CIGRE which connects several AC grids by means of a DC grid, which has two tension levels.","Dokumentu honetan planteatzen den proiektuarekin frogatu nahi da nola transmisio elektrikoa DC-n, HVDC-n oinarrituta, teknologia efizienteena den elektrizitate kopuru handia distantzia luzeetara garraiatzeko, AC-ko linea baliokideak baino galera askoz baxuagoak baititu. Bi sare hauen ezaugarrien ikerketa zehatza egingo da. Alde teorikoa osatzeko eta errazago ulertzeko, modelaketa CIGRE erakunde internazionalak diseinatu duen DC sare multiterminalaren software-ean garatzen da zeinak AC-ko hainbat sare lotzen dituen bi mailako tentsioko DC sare baten bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16514,2015-12-18,"Resuscitation guidelines recommend the use of feedback devices to improve the quality of chest compressions. These systems calculate chest compressions depth and rate and inform the rescuer so that, if necessary, correct the maneuver to comply with the values recommended by the guidelines. Most of these devices integrate the acceleration twice to estimate compression depth. However, when cardiopulmonary resuscitation is made in moving vehicles, such as a long distance train, systems that use the acceleration signal may be affected by the accelerations generated by the train itself. In this work it is studied the accuracy in the calculation of the chest’s depth, from the acceleration signal, when cardiopulmonary resuscitation is made in a moving train. This analysis will allow to determine whether feedback systems based on acceleration are suitable to be used in a long-distance train.","Egungo gidek, torax-konpresioen kalitatea hobetzeko, feedback gailuen erabilera gomendatzen dute. Sistema hauek torax-konpresioen sakonera eta maiztasuna kalkulatu eta masajea egiten dagoen pertsona informatzen dute, behar izanez gero, maniobra zuzendu dezan, gidek gomendatzen duten balioekin bat etortzeko. Gailu hauek, gehienetan, azelerazioa bi aldiz integratzen dute konpresioen sakonera balioztatzeko. Hala ere, bihotz-biriketako bizkortzea mugimenduan dagoen ibilgailu batean egiten denean, hala nola distantzia handiko tren batean, trenak berak sortutako azelerazioak azelerazio-seinalea erabiltzen duten sistemetan eragin dezake. Lan honetan azelerazio seinalearen bidez kalkulatutako bularraren sakoneraren zehaztasuna aztertzen da; bihotz-biriketako bizkortzea mugimenduan dagoen tren batean egiten denean. Analisi honek, azelerazioan oinarritutako feedback sistemak ibilbide luzeko tren batean erabiliak izateko egokiak diren ala ez zehazteko aukera emango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29704,2018,"Little Red Ridding Hood is considered to be as one of the most significant and popular tales in the world. It has suffered a big amount of changes through it’s history, going from a tale where there were sexual abuses and violence to one oriented to a young audience were there was no sexual abuse and where a hunter comes to the rescue of the child. Although a wide variety of artists have considered this story to be of a great importance due to the possibilities of improvement and creation of new content that it offers, womens role in the story has been generally relieved to a secondary one. Nevertheless, in more recent versions the main characters role has changed considerably, due to the increasing importance that feminism is getting in modern society; the Little Red Ridding Hood’s child’s role has been altered, the wolf’s actitude and, of course, the main characters’s mother’s and grandmother’s actitude. Most recent versions have been caracterized by the humor and playful wittings, almost subliminal. In this thesis it will be analyzed the changes this story has suffered between Grimm brothers’s tale and Perrault’s modern version and, moreover, it will be explained what was the aim and what mattered the most in each historical context. Changes ocurred in the most recent version will be considered and what is most important, the role that womens have in the story. Ultimately, an analysis and it’s subsequent conclusion will be exposed","Esan genezake Txanogorritxu dela ipuin klasikoetatik adierazgarriena eta ezagunena. Aldaketa handia bizi izan du ipuin honek historian zehar: gorteko neskentzako izatetik, non biolentzia eta sexu-abusuak gailentzen ziren, haurrentzat zuzendutako ipuina izatera helduz, sexu-abusuak desagertu eta ehiztaria agertzen den momentuan. Nahiz eta autore eta ilustratzaile askorentzako ipuin klasiko honek esangura handia daukan sortze-prozesua aberasteko aukera ematen dietelako eta baita bertsio berriak egiteko ere, emakumea kasu askotan alde batera uzten dutela nabaritzen da. Baina sortu diren bertsio berri esanguratsuenetan Txanogorritxuren ipuinaren funtzioa aldatu egin da, baita ipuin honekin transmititu nahi dena ere eta honen oinarrian dugu feminismoak gaur egun duen garrantzia gure gizartean; txano gorridun ume honek duen papera aldatu egin da, baita otsoaren jarrera ere eta zer esanik ez amonaren jarrera edo amaren presentzia. Egin diren bertsio ugari hauetan umorea eta presentzia jostalaria dira nagusi, askotan ia subliminala izanik. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan ikusiko da Perraultek egindako Txanogorritxuren bertsioak eta Grimm anaiek egindakoaren artean zelako aldaketak eman diren, zer zen garrantzitsua garai hartan eta zein zen ipuin honen funtzioa. Bertsio berrietan eman den aldaketa eta ekarpena kontuan izango da, garrantzia emanez lehen aipatu dudan horri, hots, emakumearen paperari. Azkenik, ikerketa lan osoan zehar eman diren emaitzak aztertu eta ondorioak aterako dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72348,2024-06-19,"Piracy is a phenomenon that dates back to mythical times, an endemic evil shaped by specific characteristics, largely determined by economic, social and geographical factors, which make this phenomenon proliferate and spread throughout history in certain places and at certain times. The Roman Republic was no inmune to this evil, since the complex socio-political situation experienced in the eastern mediterranean between the second and first centuries BC, contributed to the exponential rise of piratical activities, forcing the Urbs to adopt exceptional legislative measures to put an end to this activity.","Pirateria garai mitikoetatik datorren fenomenoa da, ezaugarri jakin batzuek osatutako gaitz endemikoa, neurri handi batean faktore ekonomikoek, sozialek eta geografikoek eragindakoa, fenomeno hori ugaritzea eta historian zehar leku eta une jakinetan hedatzea eragiten duena. Erromatar Errepublika ez zen gaitz horretatik kanpo geratu; izan ere, K.a. II. eta I. mendeen artean mediterraneo ekialdean bizi izan zen egoera sozio-politiko konplexuak jarduera piratikoen gorakada esponentziala lagundu zuen, eta Urbs jarduera horri amaiera emateko salbuespenezko neurri legegileak hartzera behartu zuen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23206,2017-07,"This project aims to analyze the economic optimization of the operation and the dimensioning of different equipments that make up the thermal installations of a house. For this analysis, a methodology based on linear mathematical programming is presented, analyzing the different equipments available (Low Temperature), and selecting the optimum technology both from the economic and environmental point of view.","Proiektu honekin etxebizitzen instalazio termikoak osatzen duten ekipo desberdinen jardute eta diseinuaren optimizazio ekonomikoa aztertzea bilatzen da. Aipaturiko analisirako programazio matematiko linealean oinarrituta dagoen metodologia azaltzen da, (tenperatura baxuko) ekipo desberdinak aztertuz eta ekonomikoki eta ingurumenaren eta ekonomiaren ikuspuntutik teknologia hobeezina hautatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16318,2015-12-03,"This project aims to generate heat and power for a set of isolated dwellings without access to mains electricity, with a power requirement of 12 KW. By means of this project, a viable and profitable solution is pursued for satisfying the basic needs of electric self-sufficiency. Firstly, facing the target for 20/20/20 an approach to the use of renewable energy as an energy source it will be made, thus reducing the environmental impact. On the other hand it will be considered different alternatives for generating electricity, finally emphasising the study of a biomass gasification plant using wood chips. So, throughout this document the basics for designing a power plant using biomass gasification will be analysed. Therefore, different types of gasificators, the development of the process mentioning all the stages and the wood gas cleaning and conditioning will be studied. The description and measurements for the raw material storage and main installed equipment it will be made. Finally, an economic study will be carried out in order to evaluate the viability and profitability of this project. Likewise, the risks that this kind of power plant can involve will be analysed.","Proiektu honen helburua, sare elektrikoa eskuratu ez dezakeen etxe multzo isolatu batentzat energia elektriko eta termikoa sortzea da, 12KW-ko potentzia elektriko ematen dituen eta ekonomikoki errentagarria den soluzioa bat planteatuz. Dokumentu hau auto-kontsumora bideratutako ezpal bidezko gasifikazio planta txiki bat eraikitzea komeni den edo ez, aztertzeko xedea izango du. Alde batetik 20/20/20-ko helburari begira ingurune inpaktua murrizteko asmoz, energia berriztagarrien erabilpenaren gerturatze bat egingo da. Bestalde, energia elektrikoa eta termikoa sortzeko aukera ezberdinak aztertuko dira, azkenik egur ezpal bidezko gasifikazio planta baten ikasketa aukeratuz proiektu honetarako. Lehenik eta behin, dokumentu honetan zehar plantaren diseinurako oinarriak finkatuko dira. Horretarako, gasifikadore modelo ezberdinak aztertu, prozesu honen etapa desberdinak bereizi, lortutako gasaren garbiketa eta egokitzapenaren analisia egingo dira baita biltegi eta erabiliko diren elementu ezberdinen inguruko kalkuluak ere. Azkenik proiektu hau bideragarria den edo ez ikusteko, planta honen instalazioaren azterketa ekonomikoa garatuko da. Atal honetan, aurrekontua eta errentagarritasun analisia egingo dira. Bukatzeko, proiektu mota honek aurkezten dituen arrieskuen ikasketa bat egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55062,2022-01-18,"The purpose of this final degree project is to bring coeducation closer to Infant and Primary Education classrooms, by analysing the language from the point of view of gender and offering knowledge and resources to teachers in order to facilitate professional learning and the implementation of coeducational initiatives in schools. The proposal is an online course with coeducation-related content, and it also introduces specific recommendations to be considered with students. Therefore, the aim is to enable teachers to improve as professionals and to put into practice transformative actions that prevent existing gender inequality.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako eta Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgeletara hezkidetza hurbiltzea da, hizkuntza generoaren ikuspegitik aztertuz eta irakasleei ezagutzak eta baliabideak eskainiz, prestakuntza errazteko eta eskoletan hezkidetza-ekintzak abiarazteko. Hezkidetzari buruzko edukiak dituen online ikastaro baten proposamena aurkezten da, ikasleekin kontuan hartu beharreko gomendio espezifikoak ere eskaintzen dituena. Horrela, irakasleak profesional gisa hobetzea eta genero-desberdintasuna prebenitzeko ekintza eraldatzaileak praktikan jar ditzaten eskuratu nahi da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26058,1990,"The report starts with the juridical regulation of university studies in penitentiary institutions, to analyse afterwards the problems in this subject.","Txoztena, presondegietan ikasketa unibertsitarioek duten arauketa juridikoarekin hasten da. Jarraian, gai honen inguruan dauden arazo praktikoak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58803,2022-12-14,"In this end-of-degree project, a personal strategic reflection is made about the company Airlan Industrial, S.A., in which I have done my internship in the dual itinerary of the Degree in Business Administration and Management and which has served me as a case study in this exercise. To do this, I have used different tools of strategic management that we have worked throughout the studies of the degree, such as: the PESTEL analysis, Porter's Five Forces, the analysis of resources and capabilities, the SWOT matrix and the proposal of strategic lines","Gradu amaierako lan honetan Airlan Industrial, S.A. enpresari buruzko hausnarketa estrategiko pertsonala egiten da. Enpresa horretan Enpresen Administrazio eta Zuzendaritza Graduko ibilbide dualean egin nuen egonaldia adibide gisa erabili dudalarik. Horretarako, graduaren ikasketetan landu dugun zuzendaritza estrategikoari dagozkion hainbat tresna erabili ditut: PESTEL analisia, Porterren Bost indarrak, baliabideen eta gaitasunen azterketa, AMIA matrizea eta ildo estrategikoen proposamena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50949,2021-04-15,"As a consequence of the migratory flow that globalization brings about, the reality at schools is more diverse. The treatment of diversity generates great public interest, and the aim of this end-of-degree project is to identify and acknowledge the transformative dimensions found when managing socioeconomic, cultural and linguistic differences. Thus, some key points to build an inclusive school emerge. For that, the process that took place to open Ramón Bajo school was analysed by means of critic communication methodology. Thisallows the social construction of knowledge through communication and interviews. Finally, I conclude that families intersect with schools in the treatment of diversity, that Basque language has become a cohesion tool and also, that the change in teachers’mindset in terms of facilitating innovation have been cornerstone for such transformation.","Globalizazioak ekarritako migrazio fluxuaren ondorioz, eskoletako errealitatea gero eta anitzagoa da. Horrela, aniztasunaren trataera gaurkotasun handiko gaia izanda, lan honen xedea aniztasun sozioekonomiko, kultural eta linguistikoaren kudeaketan aurkitu daitezkeen dimentsio eraldatzaileak ezagutzea eta identifikatzea da. Helburua betetzeko, Ramon Bajo ikastetxean 2002-2003 ikasturtean eskola auzora irekitzeko burutu zen berrikuntza prozesua aztertu da, metodologia komunikatibo kritikoaren bitartez. Metodologia honek pertsonen arteko komunikazio eta elkarrekintzaren bidez, ezagutzaren eraikuntza soziala ahalbidetzen du. Aniztasunaren trataeran eskola familien elkargunea izateak, euskara hizkuntza kohesiorako tresna bilakatzea eta berrikuntza ahalbidetzeko irakasleen pentsamolde aldaketa eraldaketarako giltza izan direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25922,2018-03-22,"It is at the stage of Primary Education that the bases of literary competence and reading habit are stablished. In order to strengthen its development, the teacher must promote a teaching-learning process focused on students’ needs and motivations regarding Literature. With this goal and starting from the analysis of Matilda, by Roald Dahl, a Didactic Proposal which includes a dialogic chat and a literary workshop is developed. These activities stimulate the interest in literature and promote its knowledge. Besides, they also promote the development of critical thinking.","Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan literaturarako konpetentziaren eta irakurtzeko ohituraren oinarriak finkatzen dira. Horien garapena indartzeko, irakasleak literaturarekiko ikasleen beharrak eta motibazioak azpimarratzen dituen irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesua sustatu behar du. Helburu horrekin eta Roald Dahlen Matildaren analisitik abiatuta, tertulia dialogikoa eta tailer literarioaren bidez Literaturarekiko interesa pizteaz eta ezagutza indartzeaz gain pentsamendu kritikoa sustatzen duen Proposamen Didaktikoa planteatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73250,2025-05-07,"The aim of this study is to analyse how to turn the traditional school playground into an inclusive and educational space, mainly from a gender perspective. To do this, the school was analysed after three months of practice using different methodological resources: observation, interviews, questionnaires and drawings. The results show that the androcentric playground perpetuates the scarcity of stimuli, power relations, unequal distribution of space according to sex and socially ingrained gender roles and stereotypes. It is therefore necessary to opt for a more educational playground. Consequently, a pedagogical proposal has been drawn up so that the playground becomes an educational space (beyond the mere space for leisure and rest) and an inclusive space (which meets the needs of the greatest possible number of pupils).","Azterlan honen helburua da aztertzea eskolako patio tradizionala nola bihurtu espazio inklusibo eta hezitzaile, nagusiki genero ikuspegitik. Horretarako, hiru hilabeteko praktikaldia egin ondoren bertatik bertara ezagutu den ikastetxea hartu dugu aztergai hainbat baliabide metodologikoren bidez: behaketa, irakasleei egindako elkarrizketak, ikasleentzako galdetegiak, eta ikasleek egindako marrazkiak. Emaitzek agerian utzi dute jolastoki androzentristak betikotu egiten dituela estimulu urritasuna, botere harremanak, sexuaren araberako espazioaren banaketa desorekatua, eta gizartean errotuta dauden genero rolak nahiz estereotipoak. Beraz, ondorioztatu dugu beharrezkoa dela patio hezitzaileagoaren aldeko apustua egitea. Ondorioz, emaitza horiek oinarri hartuta, proposamen pedagogikoa egin da, patioa bihur dadin espazio hezitzaile (aisialdirako eta atseden hartzeko espazio hutsetik harago) eta inklusibo (ahalik eta ikasle gehienen beharrak asebete ditzan)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67697,2024-05-07,"If we stick to the specifications, this end-of-grade work will be based on communication, language and orality. It consists in being aware of the goals to be achieved through communication, in seeing how to develop them in childhood, and in searching of the proximity to language. This is always in view of the situation in which we find ourselves, and how to adapt the resources used to achieve these objectives appropriately. On this basis, the first contact with the children's language and their way of working will be deepened, as well as in the activities to achieve what has been said.These activities must be adapted according to the age of the children, doing changes depending of that. The first section, the theoretical framework, will speak about the importance of language. In addition, it will be about communication through language and its importance in human life. Once the theory has been given a number of activities will appear, as noted above, to put in practice all the information. These activities will be based on what has been observed and done during this year's practice period, ensuring their effectiveness. The importance of language must be clear both in families and in schools. For this, it is important to look for information and to know the exercises that can be done with children. Therefore, one of the objectives of this work is to disseminate orality and knowledge of the language. All of this, of course, will be focused on the Early Childhood Education stage.","Zehaztapenetara jotzen badugu, Gradu Amaierako Lan hau komunikazioan, hizkuntzan eta ahozkotasunean oinarrituko da. Komunikazioaren bitartez lortu nahi diren helburuez jabetzean, haurtzaroan honakoak nola garatu ikustean eta hizkuntzarekiko hurbiltasuna bilatzean datza. Hau, betiere, ematen den egoera kontuan hartuta eta helburu horiek lortzeko erabiltzen diren baliabideak behar bezala egokituz. Hori oinarri bezala hartuta, haurren hizkuntzarekiko lehenengo kontaktuari emango zaio garrantzia. Gainera, ikasleekin halako gaiak lantzeko eretan sakonduko da jarduera ezberdinen proposamenak plazaratuz. Jarduera horiek haurren adinaren arabera egokitu beharko dira, haren araberako moldaketak eginez. Lehenengo atalean, marko teorikoan hain zuzen, hizkuntzaren garrantziaren inguruan hitz egingo da. Honez gain, hizkuntzaren bidezko komunikazioaz jardungo da, eta honek gizakion bizitzan duen garrantziaz. Teoria eman ondoren, aipatutakoa lantzeko jarduera batzuk agertuko dira, aurretik esan bezala. Aurtengo praktikaldian zehar ikusitakoan eta egindakoan oinarrituko dira jarduera horiek, haien eraginkortasuna ziurtatuz. Hizkuntzak daukan garrantzia argi geratu behar da bai familietan baita eskoletan ere, eta horretarako gaiaren inguruan jakitea beharrezkoa da. Informazioa bilatzea komeni da, baita umeekin burutu daitezkeen ekintzak ezagutzea ere. Hori da lan honen helburuetako bat, hots, ahozkotasuna eta hizkuntzari buruzko jakintza zabaltzea. Guzti hau, noski, Haur Hezkuntzako etapan zentratua izango da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63079,2023-06-07,"Gender violence is a current issue that is becoming more and more visible and has greater legal coverage. It is a crime that in order to be able to convict the guilty one needs to prove its existence. This road is arduous, because demonstrating that there has been gender violence in a plane where, for example, there are no witnesses, means having the uncertainty of whether the events alleged have really happened. Therefore, in criminal proceedings, it is difficult to prove the existence of violence by a man against a woman for the mere fact of being a woman, due to the absence of the different requirements or insufficient evidence to verify what is being done.","Genero indarkeria gero eta ikusgarriagoa da eta estaldura juridiko handiagoa duen egungo gaia da. Erruduna kondenatu ahal izateko bere existentzia frogatu behar duen delitua da. Bide hori neketsua da, zeren, adibidez, lekukorik ez dagoen egoera batean genero indarkeria egon dela frogatzeak ustezko gertaerak benetan gertatu diren ala ez ziurgabetasuna izatea dakar. Beraz, zigorprozeduran, zaila da frogatzea gizon batek emakumearen kontrako indarkeriarik badela emakume izateagatik soilik, betekizun desberdinak ez direlako edo egiten dena egiaztatzeko froga nahikorik ez dagoelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43101,2020-05-08,"SUMMARY IN ENGLISH The purpose of this project is to build an industrial warehouse to place a vehicle repair workshop. The industrial warehouse is composed of 7 transverse portals every 6m, generating 6 openings. It consists of a gabled main cover with asymmetrical skirts with 7m of free height and 8m high to the ridge. The plant wide of the long skirt is 16m while that of the short is 10m. The dimensions of the industrial warehouse are 36m long, 26m wide and 8m high, with a total of 936m2 built. In addition, it will have a mezzanine that will cover the length of the last two openings (12m) and the wide of the long skirt (16m) at a height of 3.6m, which will give it an additional surface area of 192m2 intended for the use of an office, a staff dining room, changing rooms and services.","LABURPENA EUSKARAZ Proiektu honen helburua eguitura industriala eraikitzea da ibilgailuak konpontzeko lanak egin ahal izateko lekua izan dezan. Eguitura 6m zehar bereizten diren zeharkako 7 arkupez osatuta dago, honela 6 bao sortzen dira. Nabe nagusia adreiluz osatuta dago, 7 m-ko altuera askea eta gailurretik 8 m-ko erabateko altuera asimetrikoekin. Alde luzearen argia 16 metrokoa da eta laburrarena 10 metrokoa. Eguituaren dimentsioak 36 metro luze, 26 metro zabal eta 8 metro altu dira, guztira 936 m2 eraikita. Gainera, azken bi baoraren luzera (12 m) eta gona luzearen luzera (16 m) 3,6 metroko altuera estaliko duen solailua izango du, eta horrek bulego bat erabiltzeko zuzendutako 192 m2-ko azalera osagarria emango dio. jangela, aldagelak eta zerbitzuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54006,2021-11-23,"In a market in which sustainability acquires an increasing relevance, the use of timber has a major spot. The use of timber as a structural material has expanded from scandinavian and oriental countries to countries that were more reluctant to its use up until now, as the mediterranean ones; and from structural uses that were not as demanding, such as single family homes, to multiple story buildings and of public usage. Thus, in this work, a structural calculus of a sports-center-charasteristics building was conducted, in which all the elements above ground were made out of timber, using Dlubal Softwares modular software. To perform this, the structure of the building was designed from scratch, conditioned by the maxim that any element above ground must me made out of timber. The leads defined by de regulation were applied, and a iterative structural calculus was conducted, optimizing the structure in each iteration based on the structure calculated in the prior iteration, and obtaining in the end a structure perfectly resistant to the requirements of a building of its characteristics.","jasangarritasunak gero eta garrantzi handiagoa duen merkatu batean, egurraren erabilerak eginkizun protagonista du. Egurraren erabilera egitura material bezala herri eskandinaviar eta ekialdeko herrietatik orain arte bere erabilerari uzkur ziren herrialde mediterraniaretara hedatu da; eta eskakizun ez hain zorrotzak dituzten etxebizitza familiabakarretatik hainbat solairutako eta erabilera publikoko eraikuntzetara. Lan honetan izaera kirolanitzeko eraikuntza baten egituraren kalkuloa egin da, zeina lur-arrase gainetik osorik egurrez konposatutako elementuz osotuta dagoen, Dlubal Software-aren software modularraren bidez. Horretarako, eraikuntzaren egitura zerotik diseinatu da, lur-arrase gainetik dagoen elementu oro egurrezkoa izan beharko delaren arauak baldintzatuta. Araudiak definitutako kargak aplikatu zaizkio eta egituraren kalkuloa egin da iteratiboki, iterazio bakoitzean aurreko iterazioan kalkulatutako egitura optimizatuz, eta amaieran bere izaera duen eraikuntzari dagozkion eskakizunak ezin hobeki betetzen dituen eraikuntza bat lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42063,2020-03-10,"This Final Degree Paper (TFG) is about children´s poetry and the dramatization of children´s poetry. Working together with poetry and drama is important in Infant Education for the development of various contents: body expression, language, musicality, rhythm, etc. and at all time with the game as the main resource. To carry out this TFG I will do it with children of 4 and 5 years of Infant Education to know what are the knowledge of each child about poetry. During the internship at the Zurriola Ikastola and thanks to the explicit intervention in San Ignazio Ikastetxea I had the opportunity to put it into a practice. Thanks to the result of the two previous experiences, I have decided to create a didactic proposal about poetry and drama, thinking that it will be useful for the professionals of Infant Education.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) hau Haur Poesiaren inguruan eta Haur Poesiaren dramatizazioaren ingurukoa da. Izan ere, poesia eta dramatizazioa elkarloturik lantzea garrantzitsua da Haur Hezkuntzan hainbat eduki eta gaitasun eskuratzeko: gorputz adierazpena, hizkuntza, musikaltasuna, erritmoa, etab, uneoro jolasa baliabide nagusitzat hartuz. GrAL hau aurrera eramateko Haur Hezkuntzan 4 eta 5 urteko haurrekin egingo dut, haurrek poesiaren inguruan dituzten jakintza ezberdinak ikusteko aukera egokia delako. Lan hau egiteko, Zurriola Ikastolan egindako praktikak eta San Ignazio Ikastetxean baimen esplizituaz egindako esku-hartze pedagogikoa baliatu izan ditut. Arestiko bi esperientzien ondorioz, poesiaren eta dramatizazioaren inguruko proposamen didaktikoa sortzea erabaki dut. Haur Hezkuntzako profesionalentzat baliabide interesgarria izan daitekeelakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60218,2023-03-03,"This paper presents a research and an intervention on Active Break for Primary Education. It proposes active breaks during school hours to promote physical activity and improve academic performance. For this purpose, two groups of third grade students (n= 41; 23 boys and 18 girls) have been selected. One of the groups will do Active Breaks and the other will be the Control group, in order to analyze the differences between both interventions. On three daily occasions and throughout one week, both teams will perform 5-minute breaks, active in one group and passive in the other. To see if the objectives of this FDP are met and if there are improvements before and after the intervention; the SCWT, the TEMT-U and a satisfaction questionnaire have been adapted. The team that has performed Active Breaks has shown more notable improvements than the Control group, both in attention and in the increase of time spent on task. While in mathematical competence no improvements were observed. The minutes of Physical Activity have increased throughout this week and the group that has performed Active Breaks is closer to the 60 daily minutes of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity recommended daily by the WHO (Bull et al., 2020).","Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailarako zuzendutako Active Break en esku-hartze bat aurkezten da. Bertan, eskola orduetan Jarduera Fisikoa sustatzeko eta errendimendu akademikoa hobetzeko atsedenaldi aktiboak proposatzen dira. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako bi talde aukeratu dira (n=41; 23 mutil eta 18 neska), Active Break egingo dituen talde bat eta Kontrol taldea, ezberdintasunak aztertzeko. Bi taldeek egunero hiru alditan eta aste batean zehar, 5 minutuko atsedenaldiak egingo dituzte, aktiboak talde batean eta pasiboak bestean. GrAL honen helburuak betetzen diren eta hobekuntzak dauden ikusteko; SCWT, U-EMGT eta gogobetetze-maila neurtzen duen galdetegi bat egokitu dira, esku-hartzea baino lehen eta ostean egin direnak. Active Breaks egin dituen taldeak, Kontrol taldeak baino hobekuntza nabarmenagoak erakutsi ditu, bai arretan zein zereginean emandako denboraren igoeran. Konpetentzia matematikoan berriz, ez dira hobekuntzarik ikusi. Jarduera Fisikoaren minutuak gora egin dute aste horretan zehar eta atsedenaldi aktiboak egin dituen taldea, OME-k egunero gomendatzen dituen Jarduera Fisiko Moderatu eta Indartsuko 60 minutuetatik (Bull et al., 2020) hurbilago dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73249,2025-05-07,"The aim of this Final Degree Project, in order to achieve quality inclusive education for all, is to study the topic of co-education in depth and to create a script that will cover this specific topic. For this purpose, the work focuses on primary education, 2-3 in particular, both on pupils and teachers. In order to be able to design this script, a diagnosis has been made, to take the real classroom environment as an example. In undertaking the situation analysis, the educator and the classroom consultant have participated in a standardized semi-structured dialogue, for which a script has been prepared in advance, focusing on questions on educational attitudes, educational material and inclusive language. The needs identified in the analysis of the interviews have been converted into objectives, then the specific objectives have been listed and the activities aimed at them have been published, as well as the results to be obtained through the elaboration of a guide to work on co-education based on Lewin's ""theory of change"". Once all this has been done, a series of conclusions have been drawn, specifying the lines of work and the challenges for the future.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, guztiontzako kalitatezko hezkuntza inklusiboa bermatzeko bidean, hezkidetzaren gaia sakonki aztertu eta hau bermatuko duen gida sortzea da. Horretarako, Haur Hezkuntzako (HH) 2-3 urteko ikasgelan zentratzen da lana, ikasleengan eta irakasleengan, alegia. Gida diseinatu ahal izateko, diagnostikoa egin da, ikasgelako testuinguruaren errealitatea oinarri hartzeko. Egoeraren azterketa gauzatzeko, ikasgelako hezitzaileak eta aholkulariak parte hartu dute elkarrizketa estandarizatu erdi egituratu baten bidez, honetarako, aurretiaz, gidoi bat prestatu da, galderetan arreta jarrera hezitzailean, material hezitzailean eta hizkuntza inklusiboan jarriz. Elkarrizketen analisian identifikatutako beharrizanak helburu bihurtu dira, ondoren helburu zehatzak zerrendatu eta hauei bideratutako jarduerak plazaratu dira, halaber, lortu nahi diren emaitzak jarri dira Lewinen “aldaketaren teorian” oinarrituriko hezkidetza lantzeko gida bat eratuz. Behin hau guztia eginda, hainbat ondorio atera dira, etorkizunera lan ildoak eta erronkak zehaztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62950,2023-06-08,"The object of this work is to study the undefined legal concept of “just cause”, which is usually applied in the denial of the visiting regimen between grandparents and grandchildren. This concept has its legal provision in article 160.2 of the Spanish Civil Code. Due to the lack of clarity in the definition of “just cause”, it is going to be analyzed throughout the work what the Spanish courts had stablished about it in the recent years. Concretely, it is going to be examined the judgements coming from the Basque Provincial Courtroom and from the Spanish supreme court. Moreover, it is going to be explained the importance that the upper interest of the minors has when speaking about the right of visiting and communicating between grandparents and grandchildren and the necessity of this right to adapt to the circumstances of each family.","Lan honek “kari zuzenak” kontzeptu juridiko zehaztugabearen esanahia ikertzea du helburu, aiton amonen haien biloben arteko harremanak izateko eskubidea ukatuta ikusten denean. Hau, Kode Zibilaren 160.2 artikuluan dago jasota. Kari zuzenei buruzko definizio argirik ez dagoenez, lan honeten aztertuko da espainiako auzitegiek azkenengo urteotan ezarri dituzten ideiak. Zehazki, euskal autonomía erkidegoko probintzia-auzitegien eta auzitegi gorenaren irizpenak azalduko dira. Gainera, aiton amonen eta biloben arteko komunikazio eta visita eskubidea ondo ikertzeko, adingabearen interes gorena eta familia bakoitzaren inguruabarrak kontuan hartuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47715,2020-11-04,"In this document a study of the different methodologies to obtain the position of an autonomous vehicle by using camera images is carried out. The objective of the project is not only to calculate the position change of the car from one frame to the following one, but also to study the different systems to relocate the car in a map by detecting characteristic features of the environment in the image, allowing to correct the accumulated deviation. Among the different options for doing this relocalization, it is developed a road segmentation and classification system, as it is considered to be the most interesting option for the deviation correction problem.","Dokumentu honetan kameren erabilerari esker lortutako irudiak erabilita ibilgailu autónomo baten posizioa lortzeko metodología ezberdinen azterketa burutzen da. Proiektuaren helburua irudi batetik hurrengorako posizio diferentzia kalkulatzea bakarrik ez da, baita mapa batean auto bat birlokaliztzeko sistema ezberdinen azterketa ere. Horretarako irudien xehetasun bereizgarriak detektatu egiten da, desbiderapen metatua zuzen daitzan. Birlokalizazioa lortzeko aukera ezberdinen artean, segmentazio sistema eta errepide sailkapen bat garatu da, desbiderapenaren zuzenketa lortzeko aukera hoberena baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73257,2025-05-07,"Through this work we have analyzed the attitude of a psychomotrician following the Aucouturier methodology. To do so, it is necessary to know what psychomotricity is and the objective pursued with it. And, as several researchers say, psychomotricity is based on free play, whose main objective is that children have fun, so the work of a psychomotrician is important if we want to achieve it properly. Therefore, the role of the psychomotrician in the 5-year-old classroom of a subsidized center in Duranguesado has been analyzed over several sessions, analyzing whether his or her role is in line with the Aucouturier method. Once the observed sessions have been analyzed, and following the qualitative method, the conclusions obtained are presented. In order to explain their beneficial contributions to the role of the psychomotor therapist.","Lan honen bitartez, psikomotrizista batek Aucouturier metodologia jarraituz izan beharreko jarrera aztertu da. Horretarako, psikomotrizitatea zer den eta horrekin lortu nahi den helburua ezagutu behar da. Izan ere, hainbat ikertzailek dioten bezala, psikomotrizitatea joko librean oinarritzen da, helburu nagusia, haurrak ongi pasatzea izanik, horregatik, psikomotrizista baten lanak garrantzia du hori modu egokian lortu nahi bada. Beraz, Durangaldeko itunpeko ikastetxe bateko 5 urteko gelako psikomotrizistaren papera zenbait saioetan zehar aztertu da, bere eginbeharra Aucouturier metodoarekin bat egiten duen aztertuz. Behatutako saioak aztertu ondoren, metodo kualitatiboa jarraituz, ateratako ondorioak azaldu dira. Honek psikomotrizistaren rolaren inguruan ekarpen onuragarriak azaltzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29373,2018-10-30,"(INGLÉS) The main objective of this work is to produce structural slag mortars of good mechanical strength and workability, while reducin the consumption of Pottland clinker, the production of which is a growing source of environmental concern. In this context, the study looks at the preparation of these mortairs with steelmaking slag in partial substitution of conventional aggregates, like the use of Portland cement that includes a notable proportion of fly-ash. Structural and mechanical analyses are performed on the mixes, also, shrinkage contraction of the mixtures are measured and ebaluated. The long-term behavior of these slag mixes appeared acceptable, thereby opening a promising line of work that will eventually establish suitable conditions for their use.","(EUSKERA) Lan honen helburu nagusia, siderurgiako eskoriak erabiliz erresistentzia oneko mortero estrukturalak produzitzea da. Horrekin batera Portland zementuaren erabilpena murriztea du helburu; honen erabilpenak ingurugiroan eragin kaltegarriak bait ditu. Kontextu honetan, gure ikasketak mortero hauen analisia egingo du, hau da, Portland zementuaren ordez siderurgiako eskoriak erabiltzen dituen morteroena. Nahasteetan analisi mekaniko eta estructurala egingo da eta baita uzkurketen neurketa eta ebaluaketa ere. Nahaste hauen epe luzeko portaera egokia dela ikusi dugu, hórrela, honen inguruko lan línea bat zabalduz. Lan línea honek ezarriko ditu mortero hauen erabileren baldintzak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22269,2012,"The present article allows readers to reflect on the potentialities and limits of restorative justice as answer to terrorist victimisation caused by ETA. Special victimological features are clarified with respect to secondary and multiple victimisation processes developed, during decades, inside and outside the Basque Country. The absence of restorative justice programs in this arena, only recently initiated, can be partially explained by the impact of those processes within an environment of lack of critical revision on the side of victimisers and of lack of social support or indifference towards victims. Nonetheless, opportunities opened by restorative justice in these cases are highlighted as part of access to justice for victims, not only respecting due process, but in a more comprehensive manner.","Artikulu honen bidez, irakurleari gogoeta eginarazi nahi zaio, konponbiderako justiziak ETAren biktimizazio terroristari erantzuteko dituen aukerei eta mugei buruz. Bertan, azkeneko hamarkadetan Euskal Herrian zein hemendik kanpo gertatu diren bigarren mailako eta era askotako biktimizazio-prozesuen berezitasun biktimologikoak argitu dira. Duela gutxira arte ez da egon konponbiderako justizia ezartzeko programa espezifikorik, neurri batean ezin zelako berrikuspen kritikorik egin hiltzaileak babesten zituen edo erailketak axola ez zitzaizkion gizarte baten baitan. Hala ere, konponbiderako prozesuek arlo horretan eskaintzen dituzten aukerak adierazi dira, babes judizial eraginkorraren zein ulerkorraren ikuspuntutik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70302,2024-07-05,"As society evolves, new forms of harassment are gaining legal recognition. This study aims to analyze the origin of stalking and its consolidation as an autonomous crime, as well as the complexities, advances and legal challenges it entails. On the other hand, street harassment is another phenomenon that has recently advanced in its legalization. The aim of this research is to examine its prevalence and social impact in Donostia using official records and victimization surveys, in order to compare its magnitude and propose preventive measures to promote a safer society. The aim of these two approaches is to contribute to a better understanding of these phenomena and to highlight the importance of these types of harassment, the late legal awareness of them and the need for adequate prosecution and criminal response to counter them.","Gizarteak eboluzionatu ahala, jazarpen-modu berriak aintzatespena lortzen ari dira esparru juridikoan. Azterlan honen helburua da stalkingaren jatorria eta delitu autonomo gisa duen finkapena aztertzea, baita horrek dakartzan konplexutasunak, aurrerapenak eta lege-erronkak ere. Bestalde, kale-jazarpena ere legezko tipifikazioan aurrera egin duen beste fenomeno bat da. Ikerketa-lan honen bidez, Donostian duten prebalentzia eta inpaktu soziala aztertu nahi da, erregistro ofizialak eta biktimizazio-inkestak erabiliz, haien garrantzia alderatzeko eta gizarte seguruagoa sustatzeko prebentzio-neurriak proposatzeko. Bi ikuspegi horien bidez, fenomeno horiek hobeto ulertzen lagundu nahi da, eta jazarpen mota horien garrantzia, horiekiko sentsibilizazio legal berantiarra eta horiei aurre egiteko jazarpen eta erantzun penal egokiaren beharra nabarmendu nahi dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17656,2016-03-16,"The aim of this research has been to make an interventionist project about the educational practices of a Norwegian kindergarten. The characteristics of their alternative methodology have been studied in order to expand the conclusions of its possible contribution to the educational field. During the development of the project, the following tasks have been done: firstly, a participative and continuous observation; then, several interviews to the different professionals of the school; and finally, a deep research on their pedagogical influences. The result of the research has been to synthesize the studied educational practices on a website, putting them at educational community's disposal and making it richer. At the same time, having as a reference the Norwegian pedagogy, a methodological proposal for a Basque school has been designed.","Lan honen helburua Norvegiako haur eskola baten hezkuntza-praktiken proiektu esku-hartzailea egitea izan da. Horretarako, euren metodologia alternatiboaren ezaugarriak aztertu dira, hezkuntzaren alorrean egin litezkeen ekarpenak hedatzeko. Proiektua garatzeko prozesuan, lehenik eta behin, behaketa parte-hartzailea eta jarraia egin da; ondoren, zentroko hainbat profesional desberdinak elkarrizketatu dira; eta azkenik, esku-hartze berritzaile horiengan eragina duten korronte pedagogikoen azterketa sakona gauzatu da. Burututako lanaren emaitza aztertutako hezkuntza praktiken sintesia web orrialde batean jasotzea izan da, horrela, hezkuntza komunitatea erabili ahal izateko eta aberasteko. Era berean, Norvegiako ekintza pedagogikoa eredu hartuta, euskal eskola batera bideratutako proposamen metodologikoa diseinatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/9248,2012,"The creation of sculptures in the Basque Country during the nineties continued to be fed by the creative network established during from the previous decade, while post-modernity gradually faded away into its death throes. Young artists from this last decade have not sought original languages, nor have they searched for new subject matters. They have simply advocated working within a framework in time and space that enables them to continue creating based on previous processes, albeit via perspectives that help them to analyze and experience situations that are deep-rooted in the present.","Laurogeita hamarreko hamarkadan, Euskal Herriko eskultura-sorkuntzak aurreko hamarkadako sormen-egituratik hornitzen jarraitu zuen, postmodernitatearen azken arrasto programatikoak desagertzen ziren bitartean. Azken hamarkadako artista gazteek ez dute lengoaia originalik planteatzen, ezta gai berrien bilaketarik ere. Aitzitik, aurreko prozesuetan oinarrituta, baina orainaldiko egoerak aztertzeko eta esperimentatzeko ikuspegiekin sortzen jarraitzea ahalbidetuko dien espazio- eta denbora-esparru batean kokatu nahi dute, besterik gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29278,2018-10-23,"Computing has evolved greatly over the years. The first systems were only aimed at people with some technical knowkedge and were something distant and unknown for ordinary people. However, the amazing potential these systems offered has allowed common people to use them. It was necessary to give importance to the usability: ordinary people cannot work by using commands. Instead, they need interfaces with familiar elements an focused just on them if the goal is a high number of sales. This would mean that computing is accessible to everyone and therefore, it can boost business. This is exactly the purpose of this End of Degree Project. AdESMuS is a tool for university management that lacks a user interface. Consequently, it cannnot be used by the common man. This project has developed an interface that covers the system like a mask, putting special emphasis on usability and containing conventional elements of interfaces: windows, buttons, fields, lists, etc. This project also includes some studies involving users with different levels of computing knowledge, in order to test how well the system works and assess the improvements it has meant.","Informatika nabarmen hazi da azken urteotan. Lehenengo sistemak ezagutza tekniko duten pertsonei bakarrik zeuden zuzenduta, eta herritar arruntentzako gauza arraro eta ezezagunak ziren. Hala eta guztiz ere, sistemek eskaintzen duten potentziala ikusita, pixkanaka-pixkanaka bere erabilera hedatu zen eta gaur egun ia jende guztiak erabiltzen ditu. Horregatik sistemen erabilgarritasunari garrantzi handiagoa eman behar zaio: erabiltzaile arruntek ezin dute komandoen bidez lanean ibili, beraz, interfaze grafikoak behar dituzte. Horrela sistemak publiko orokorrago batera bideratzen dira eta sistemen garapena negozio bat egiteko aukera sortzen da. Hau da, zehazki, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua da. AdESMuS unibertsitate-kudeaketarako tresna da. Horregatik, ezin du edonor erabili. Proiektu honetan, maskara gisa sistema estaltzen duen erabiltzailearentzako interfazea garatu da erabilgarritasunari arreta berezia jarriz eta interfazeen elementu klasikoak erabiliz: leihoak, botoiak, eremuak, zerrendak, etab. Garapenaren aparte, erabiltzaile batzuekin erabilgarritasun azterketa bat egin da. Erabiltzaileek ordenagailuei buruzko ezagutza maila desberdina zituen, eta garatutako sistema probatzeko eta hobekuntzak neurtzeko balio izan du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71410,2024-07-02,"The Trans People's Rights Movement, which is to be established by regulation, has become one of the most controversial political issues today. The Trans Act of 4/2023 did not put an end to any discrimination and legal vacuum in the trans collective. This law recognized the self-determination of trans persons, but has left in the air so many other rights, as the determination of filiation of transsexual parents. Transsexual men cannot identify themselves as ""fathers"" in the Register once they have given birth, but the law requires them to be named ""mothers"". This work has examined the international, European and national regulations on the determination of filiation of pregnant trans men. At the end, a possible legal solution is proposed and a reflection is made on the breakdown of gender stereotypes and traditional gender roles.","Trans pertsonen eskubideen aldeko mugimendua, araudien bidez ezarri nahi dena, gaur egungo gai politiko eztabaidagarrienetako bat bihurtu da. 4/2023ko Trans Legeak ez zuen bukatu trans kolektiboak pairatzen dituen diskriminazio eta hutsune legal ororekin. Lege horrek pertsona transen autodeterminazio aitortu zuen, baina airean utzi ditu beste hainbeste eskubide, hala nola guraso transexualen filiazio determinazioa. Gizon transexualek behin erditu eta gero ezin dute Erregistroan “aita” gisa identifikatu, legeak “ama” izendatzea derrigortzen dute. Lan honetan gizon trans haurdunen filiazio determinazioari buruzko Nazioarteko araudia, Europa mailakoa eta araudi nazionala aztertu dira. Amaieran irtenbide juridiko posible bat proposatzen da eta baita ere hausnarketa bat egiten da genero estereotipoak eta generoari lotutako rol tradizionalak hausteari buruz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14058,2015-01-19,"The aim of this work is to reflect and investigate the Multiple Intelligences Theory proposed by Howard Gardner and its possible application in the field of education. This proposal breaks the traditional paradigms about the intelligence as unique and general, and in this way pointing out i ts plurality. Given this, the application of this theory in schools supposes a revolutionary change. Respecting the different ways of learning it would give an adequate result to all individuals, opening a path towards an inclusive school and society","Lan honen helburua , Howard Gardner - rek proposatutako Adimen Anitzen Teoriaren inguruan hausnarketa eta ike rketa egitea izan da , baita hezkuntza eremuan ezartzearen aukera aztertzea ere. Proposamen honek, adimena bakarra eta orokorra denaren paradigma tradizionala apurtu zuen, adimena anitza dela azpimarratuz. Hortaz, teoria honen ezarpena eskoletan, aldaketa s akona suposatzen du. Izan ere, ikasteko dauden modu desberdinak errespetatuz, pertsona guztiei erantzun egokia ematea lortuko litzateke, modu honetan, eskola zein gizarte inklusiboa lortzeko ateak zabalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71411,2024-07-02,"This paper delves into the experience of an individual seeking asylum and refuge, narrating his story in the context of the complex power dynamics that influence the process. Through a critical analysis, it examines the current functioning of the international protection procedure in the Spanish state, identifying gaps between the established regulations and their practical implementation. Obstacles and deficiencies are highlighted, such as delays in processing, inconsistencies in the evaluation of applications and administrative obstacles, which negatively affect the protection of the rights of applicants. In addition, alternatives and recommendations are proposed to address these deficiencies, emphasizing the need for greater coherence and efficiency in the asylum and refugee system. This comprehensive approach provides a detailed overview of the challenges faced by applicants for international protection in the Spanish context, and seeks to contribute to the debate on how to improve their situation within the existing legal framework.","Gradu-amaierako lan hau asiloa eta aterpea eskatzen duen pertsona baten esperientzian barneratzen da, eta bere istorioa kontatzen du prozesuan eragina duten botere-dinamika konplexuen testuinguruan. Azterketa soziojuridiko kritiko baten bidez, Espainiako estatuan nazioarteko babeserako prozedurak gaur egun duen funtzionamendua aztertzen da, ezarritako araudiaren eta ezarpen praktikoaren artean dauden aldeak identifikatuz. Oztopoak eta hutsuneak nabarmentzen dira, hala nola izapidetzean izandako atzerapenak, eskaeren ebaluazioan izandako funtsik ezak eta administrazio-trabak, eskatzaileen eskubideen babesari modu negatiboan eragiten diotenak. Gainera, gabezia horiei aurre egiteko alternatibak eta gomendioak proposatzen dira, asilo eta babes sisteman koherentzia eta eraginkortasun handiagoa izateko beharra nabarmenduz. Lanaren helburua da Espainiako testuinguruan nazioarteko babesa eskatzen dutenek dituzten erronken ikuspegi zehatza ematea, eta egungo lege-esparruaren barruan haien egoera nola hobetu eztabaidatzen laguntzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34763,2019-07-22,"This work focuses on the interrelation of the recent surge of the radical right populist parties and the future of the European Union or European integration. The author relies on academic literature and a wide variety of documents related to the EU, as well as European Parliament resolutions. This is done in order to obtain results that will explain if the radical right wants to revert European integration or is prone to reform it so that it can reflect its own characteristics. The investigation also deals with the debate between nationalism and supranationalism, embodied by the radical right parties and the EU, respectively.","Ikerketa hau europar eskuma populista radikala eta Europar Batasunaren etorkizunaren arteko interrelazioa aztertzen du. Egileak, literatura akademikoan eta era askotako dokumentuetan oinarritzen da, Europar Legelbiltzarreko erabakietan bezala. Era honetan, eskuma radikalak europar integrazioa atzera bota edo erreformatu nahi duen ikustea lortu nahi da. Ikerketak ere nazionalismoa eta surpanazionalismoaren arteko eztabaida lantzen du, eskuma radikala eta Europar Batasunaren bitzartez, hurrenez hurren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25618,1993,"Disciplinary penitentiary Law can only function on behalf of general interests. Therefore it is not an aim in itself, but a way to facilitate the achivement of the prison constitutional objectives. Positive sanctions or sanctions as a reward should not be used to limit the penitentiary benefits of the prisoners better adapted to the penitentiary regime.","Zigorrezko Zuzenbideak bakarrik gizarte osearen onurak lagun ditzake, beraz, ez da berez helburu bat baizik eta bide bat presondegiko konstituzional helburuen lorpena eskueran jartzeko. Baiezkor edo saridun zigorrek ez dute balio behar presondegi-arauei atxilotu egokituenei gartzelako onurak mugatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67747,2024-05-08,"Nowadays, one of the shortcomings in the teaching of History is the prevalence of an androcentric and patriarchal approach. Therefore, this research aims to analyse the knowledge and interest that students finishing Primary Education have in Women's History. To this end, an ad hoc questionnaire was designed for 58 pupils in the 6th grade of a school in Llodio. The results show that pupils have less knowledge of female historical references compared to male ones, as well as a tendency to stereotype the historical role of women and men. Furthermore, the results confirm that pupils' interest in history is low, and even lower in relation to Women's history. Thus, there is a need for a more coeducational and meaningful model in the teaching of history.","Egun, Historiaren irakaskuntzak duen gabezietako bat ikuspegi androzentriko eta patriarkalaren prebalentzia da. Hortaz, ikerketa honek Lehen Hezkuntzako etapa amaitzear dauden ikasleek Emakumeen historiari buruz dituzten ezagutzak eta interesa aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako, Laudioko ikastetxe bateko 6.mailako 58 ikasleei zuzendutako ad hoc galdetegi bat sortu da. Emaitzek agerian utzi dute ikasleek emakumezko erreferente historikoak gizonezkoak baino gutxiago ezagutzen dituztela, eta baita emakume eta gizonen paper historikoa estereotipatzeko tendentzia dutela. Halaber, emaitzek baieztatu dute ikasleen interesa eskasa dela historiari dagokiolarik, eta are txikiagoa Emakumeen historiari dagokionez. Beraz, Historia irakasteko eredu hezkidetzaileago eta esanguratsuago baten beharra dagoela ondorioztatu daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57126,2022-08-02,"Abstract: In this work, it is shown a computer application, that has been developed in the graphic environment of Matlab, for the particularization of the multiaxial fatigue methods to the uniaxial and pure torsional cases. Therefore, whithin the different mechanical engineering trades, it belongs to the Design field; and more specifically, to the area of fatigue with multiaxial stresses. There are a lot of multiaxial fatigue methods. In spite of this, there is not a definitive method since in each case (material, type of stresses…) it should be used the one that best fits. The correct way would be to carry out experimental tests simulating the real characteristics of the part, but this is excessively costly so, as a result, it is usually carried out only in particular cases. Hence, the development of this software is aimed to provide a tool that could help on the identification of the method that best fits to the material without the need of carry out multiaxial fatigue tests. Despite the many methods that exist, those that are going to be particularized are Sines, Crossland, Matake, Findley, Dang Van and Papuga PCr since they are six of the most commonly used. All of them are advanced multiaxial fatigue methods which, using the material data entered by the user, will be particularized for both the uniaxial and pure torsional cases and then, they could be plotted. In addition, in order to be able to identify the method that best fits, it will be posible to plot the failure points saved in the application’s own library together with those that are added by the user. Finally, as a result of the relationship between this work and the Fracture and Fatigue Analysis and Design Methods subject that is taught in the first year of the UPV/EHU Master´s Degree in Mechanical Engineering, it is intended to provide a complementary tool for its teaching. In this way, as well as be a teaching aid, the app is to show the students who are introducing to the multiaxial fatigue issues, the possibility of carrying out this type of works as they can be interesting and great potential for this field.","Laburpena: Lan honetan, Matlab softwarea baliatuz fatiga multiaxialeko metodoak kasu uniaxialera eta bihurdura purura zehazteko aplikazio informatiko bat aurkezten da. Hortaz, Ingeniaritza Mekanikoa dituen arlo desberdinetatik, Diseinu eremuaren barnean materialen fatigarekin zerikusia dauka; tentsio multiaxialen eraginpenean dauden materialen fatigarekin hain zuzen ere. Fatiga multiaxialerako hainbat método badaude ere, ez dago bakar bat behin betikoa denik zeren eta egoera bakoitzean (materiala, tentsio motak…) bata edo bestea erabiltzea komeni da hoberen egokitzen denaren arabera. Horretarako, errealitatean lan egingo den materialarekin saiakuntza experimentalak egitea aproposa izango litzateke, aldiz, oso garestia denez, kasu partikularretan baino ez da egiten. Hori dela medio, software honen xedetariko bat, fatiga multiaxialeko saiakuntzak egin barik, material bakoitzeko metodo aproposena identifikatzen laguntzen duen tresna bat eskuratzea da. Gaur egun makina bat metodo daude baina lan honetan erabiliko direnak Sines, Crossland, Matake, Findley, Dang Van eta Papuga PCr dira; batez ere gehienbat erabiltzen diren metodoak direlako. Aipatutako guztiak, fatiga multiaxialeko metodo aurreratutzat har daitezke eta, erabiltzaileak aplikazioan sartutako balioak erabiliz, kasu uniaxialera eta bihurdura purura zehaztuko dira, geroago marrazteko aukera izateko. Honez gain, grafiko berberetan hainbat materialen hutsegite puntuak sartzeko aukera egongo da, bai aplikazioaren liburutegian gordeta dauden balioak bai erabiltzaileak gehitutakoak. Azkenik, lan honek Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateak eskaintzen duen Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko Masterrean Fatiga eta Hausturaren analisi eta diseinaketa metodoak deitutako irakasgaiarekin lotura duela medio, bere irakaskuntzarako tresna baliagarria izan daitekela uste da. Horrez gain, tentsio multiaxialen eraginpenean dauden materialen fatiga ikasten hasi direnentzat, hemen aurkezten den antzeko proiektuetan sakontzeko aukera erakutsi nahi da; izan ere, garatutako aplikazio gisako tresnak interesgarriak direla ondoriozta daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14727,2015-03-09,"This project focuses on the study and design of a central of electric energy generation through forest biomass. The motivation for this project lies in the great importance that renewable energies are taking in recent years. Global Warming is a fact that in the last decades has led to the research and development of alternative energies, which brake or contribute to slow down in this phenomenon. Meanwhile the implementation of a plant like this one not only helps to reduce net CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, but also have many advantages as job creation, forest clearing, which helps prevent fires and pests, and provides energy independence. The steps to be followed in the project are: • Explain the scope and objectives of the project. • Develop alternatives that exist for the valorization of forest biomass, including a summary of the advantages and disadvantages that each has. • Detailed report of the selected alternative, combustion, that includes explaining the process from the waste out of the forest, till electricity is obtained. • Economic analysis and plant profitability. • Perform the project schedule. • Finally an analysis of the risks will be made.","Proiektu hau baso biomasaren bidez energi elektrikoa sortzen duen zentral baten analisian eta diseinuan zentratuko da. Proiektu hau garatzeko motibazioa, azken urteetan energia berriztagarriak lortutako inportantzian datza. Negutegi Efektuak, azken urteetan energia aldizkakoen ikerketa eta garapenera eraman gaitu. Bere aldetik ondoren ikusiko den planta baten ezarpenak, ez luke bakarrik CO2 isurketa netoak murrizten lagunduko, baina beste abantaila asko ekarriko lituzke, ala nola enpleguen sorkuntza, basoen garbikuntza, plagen eta suen murrizketan laguntzen duena, eta independentzi energetikoa ematen du. Proiektua egiteko jarraitu diren pausoak ondorengoak dira: • Proiektuaren esparru eta helburuak azaldu. • Baso biomasa balioztatzeko dauden aldizkatzeak garatu, bakoitzak dituen abantaila eta desabantailen laburpen bat barne. • Hautatutako aldizkatzearen, errekuntzaren, txosten zehatza, hondakina basotik irteten denetik, elektrizitatea lortzen den arte biltzen duena. • Analisi ekonomikoa eta landaren errentagarritasuna. • Proiektuaren ordutegia egin. • Azkenik arriskuen azterketa bat egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19587,2016-11-23,"This document provides an explanation of the steps followed in order to design the radioelectric map of an urban area, in particular, of the town of Basauri (Biscay), and its subsequent representation through Geographic Information Systems. It describes the necessary previous studies to carry out the project, as well as the material used and the procedure followed during its development. The purpose of the creation of a radioelectric map is its great usefulness for nowadays’ society. In fact, the ever-increasing development of new technologies usually implies a greater use of the radioelectric spectrum in the cities and, thanks to tools like this one, there will be the possibility of controlling levels of electromagnetic radiation in order to avoid harmful effects on people’s health.","Dokumentu honetan alde urbanoko, zehazki, Basauriko (Bizkaia) udalerriko mapa radioelektrikoa diseinatzeko jarraibideak bilduta daude eta bere geroako irudikapena Informazio Geografikoko Sistemen bidez. Honek aurreko beharrezko ikerlanak proiektua aurrera eramateko eta erabilitako materiala eta prozedura honen zehar ere bai irudikatzen ditu. Mapa radioelektriko bateko sorkuntzako asmoa gaur eguneko gizartean bere erabilgarritasun handia da. Hain zuzen, normalean, teknologi berrien garapen gorakorrak hirietan espektro radioelektrikoko erabilera handiagoa du berekin eta, honelako tresnari esker, elektromagnetiko-erradiazioko maila kontrolatu ahal izango da pertsonen osasunean efektu kaltegarriak saihesteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29388,2018-10-30,In the present work a study was carried out about the tracking of a moving object in a three-dimensional environment. The objective of the study is the search for a simple and effective method of conducting such tracking. The study will be carried out through the stereoscopic vision procedure and the movement of the object will be recorded by two cameras. The result of this work will allow the possibility of generating the trajectory of any moving object with a minimum computational cost.,"Lan honetan tridimentsionala den ingurune batean higiduretan dagoen objektu baten tracking-ari buruzko ikerketa egin da. Ikerketaren helburua da aipaturiko jarraipena egiteko modu sinple eta eraginkorra bilatzea. Ikerketa ikusmen estereoskopikoko prozeduaren bitartez egingo da eta hartarako objektuaren mugimendua bi kamararen bitartez grabatuko da. Lan honen emaitzak higiduraz dagoen edozein objekturen ibilbidearen aukera ahalbidetuko du, kostu konputazionalik txikienarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18315,2016-05-31,"The objective of this work is the achievement of the energy certificate of Gorka Goikoetxea’s home and the proposal and economic analysis of possible improvements. CE3X software will be used to obtain the number and the letter of the certificate introducing some data values, offering different improvement proposals. There will be an economic analysis of them. In this report, necessary steps to obtain the certificate will be explained, as well as the description of the improvements and the new qualification. In the attachment there is additional information for the easier comprehension of the process.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Gorka Goikoetxearen etxebizitzaren ziurtagiri energetikoa lortzea da eta, hortik abiatuz, hobekuntza batzuen proposamena eta analisi ekonomikoa. Honetarako CE3X programa erabiliko da, datuak sartu hutsez kalifikazio zenbakia eta hizkia emango du eta ondoren hobekuntza aukera desberdinak eskainiko ditu. Hauek balioztatzeko analisi ekonomiko bat egingo da. Txosten honetan ziurtagiria lortzeko beharrezko urratsak azalduko dira, hobekuntzen deskripzioa eta kalifikazio berriak ere bai. Eranskinetan gehigarrizko informazioa erakutsiko da, prozesuaren ulermena errazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25568,1995,"After talking about the origins of Living Will, it is briefly explained the patient self-government principle, with regard to the end of its own life, and the informed consent. Likewise, Life Testament aims, form and efficacy are explained, as well as its present situation in the world and its legal regulation in Spain.","Bizi-Testamenduaren jatorriak agertu ondoren, gaixoaren autonomiaren printzipioa, bere bizitzaren bukaerari dagokionez eta informatutako baimena adierazten dira laburki. Segidan Bizi-Testamenduaren helburuak, era eta balorea azaltzen dira, baita ere bere gaurko egoera munduan eta legezko arauketa Espainian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67704,2024-05-07,"Inclusion in today's society continues being a challenge faced by teachers. For this reason, in this Final Degree Project, through service learning, a visual material has been created for students with autism spectrum disorder at the San Martín public school in Vitoria-Gasteiz to be used in Physical Education lessons. For this purpose, a theoretical framework has been developed, where the most important aspects of inclusion, autism and the chosen methodology (service learning) have been investigated and later compared with the results. The material includes a warm-up, sports center material, group games and games with the ""parachute"". For this purpose, three main steps have been taken: first, to collect the information. For this, a questionnaire has been elaborated in which the ideas for the material were collected. Then, the material has been created using pictograms and with the collaboration of the center's professionals. Finally, the material has been presented in the center and evaluated by using a questionnaire. In summary, a visual resource has been created for students with ASD to have a better adaptation in Physical Education, to encourage their participation. This work shows that small projects can help both teachers and students to create more inclusive environments in which everyone can participate. The results show that these projects can be used as a tool for change in society related to inclusion.","Gaur egungo gizartean inklusioa irakasleek aurre egin beharreko erronka izaten jarraitzen du. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, ikaskuntza-zerbitzu baten bidez, ikusizko material bat sortu da Gasteizko San Martin ikastetxe publikoko autismoaren espektroko nahasmendua duten ikasleentzat, Heziketa Fisikoko saioetan erabiltzeko. Horretarako, marko teoriko bat garatu da, non proiektua era egokian garatzeko, inklusioaren, autismoaren eta hautatutako metodologiaren (ikaskuntza-zerbitzua) aspektu garrantzitsuen azterketa teoriko sakonak egin dira, aurrerago emaitzekin konparatzeko. Bertan beroketa bat, kiroldegiko materiala, taldeko jolasak eta paraxutarekin jolasak jaso dira. Proiektua gauzatzeko, hiru urrats nagusi eman dira, hasteko, informazioa biltzea. Horretarako, galdetegi bat egin da, materialerako ideiak jasotzeko. Ondoren, piktogramak erabiliz eta zentroko profesionalen laguntzarekin euskarria sortu da. Eta amaitzeko, euskarri bisuala ikastetxean aurkeztu da eta formulario baten bidez baloratu egin da. Laburbilduz, ikusizko baliabide bat sortu da AEN duten ikasleak Heziketa Fisikoan egokitzapen handiago bat izateko, haien parte-hartzea sustatzeko. Lan honek erakusten du proiektu txikiak irakasleentzat zein ikasleentzat baliagarriak izan daitezkeela, guztiek parte hartzeko aukerak dituzten giro inklusiboagoak sortzeko. Emaitzek erakusten dute proeiktu hauek inklusioarekin lotutako gizartean aldaketarako tresna gisa erabili daitekeela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60007,2023-02-20,"The aim of this study is to collect the reality of four schools that carry out Autonomous Movement, to know the reason why changes in psychomotricity are not introduced and to compare Berritzegune's principles with reality. For this purpose, four teachers from schools that work with this methodology and the main adviser of Berritzegune were interviewed in depth and semi-structured interviews. The data collected indicate that psychomotricity is a freedom prior to Autonomous Movement. In addition, it has been learned that children learn throught movement. It is concluded that the importance of all the material of the ecosystems at the height of the children and the greater attention to the process than the final result are important points.","Ikerketa honen helburua Mugimendu Autonomoa aurrera eramaten duten lau eskolen errealitatea jasotzea, psikomotrizitatean aldaketarik ez ezartzearen arrazoia ezagutzea eta pedagogia honek psikomotrizitatean izan duen eragina aztertzea izan da. Pedagogia honekin lan egiten duten eskoletako Haur Hezkuntzako lau irakasle eta Berritzeguneko ahokulari nagusia elkarrizketatu dira. Jasotako datuek adierazi dute Psikomotrizitatea Mugimendu Autonomoaren aurretiko askatasun (g)unea dela. Gainera, haurrek mugimenduaren bitartez ikasten dutela egiaztatu da. Horrez gain, espazioaren berantolakuntzaren garrantzia, ekosistemetako material guztia haurren altuerara egokituta izatea eta prozesuari azken emaitzari baino arreta gehiago jartzea garrantzia handiko puntuak direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59991,2023-02-20,"This study, focused on oral communication, analyses the use of unified Basque and dialects. It also looks into the influence of the education system in this aspect. For that purpose, it is immersed in a Basque-speaking environment, specifically in Gernika-Lumo. On this occasion, 4th year primary school pupils from two schools in the municipality took part in an oral questionnaire based on translations. Although the aim was to analyse the use of Basque, in order to do the research even more exhaustive, three variables were defined (mother tongue, type of school and place of residence), adjusting a hypothesis to each of them. After analysing these variables, it was found that the presence of unified Basque is not yet very influential in Basque-speaking environments.","Ikerlan honek euskara batuaren eta euskalkien erabilera aztertzen ditu, betiere ahozko komunikazioan fokatuz. Modu berean, hezkuntza-sistemak aspektu honetan duen eragina behatzen da. Horretarako, ingurune euskalkidun batean murgiltzen da, konkretuki, Gernika-Lumon. Udalerriko bi eskoletako Lehen Hezkuntzako 4. mailako ikasleek hartu dute parte honetan, itzulpenetan oinarritutako ahozko galdetegi bat betez. Helburua euskararen erabileraren azterketa egitea izan den arren, ikerketa are sakonagoa izateko, hiru aldagai zehaztu dira (ama-hizkuntza, eskola mota eta bizitokia), bakoitzari hipotesi bat egokituz. Aldagai horiekiko azterketa egin ostean, egiaztatu da euskara batuaren presentzia ez dela eragin handikoa oraindik inguru euskalkidunetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57140,2022-08-02,"The objective of this work is to study a system of catalysts based on MOF-808 and to synthesize bio-mimetic catalysts that mimic the catalytic centers of copper oxidases. The way to obtain these materials consists of synthesizing the initial MOF-808, functionalizing it with amino acids or carboxylic acids, and then doping them with a copper solution. The structural and chemical characterization of the materials obtained has been carried out using various techniques such as XRD, FTIR-ATR, TGA, NMR, solid UV-Vis, EPR and XRF. Subsequently, the catalysts for the Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation (CWPO) of phenolic compounds were tested, to study the type of activity that these materials present, and the influence of the functionalizations and degree of metal doping on the catalytic activity. In addition, a phenol degradation test was carried out in aqueous medium, in which one of the catalysts (MOF-808@His-Cu100) achieved a degree of conversion of almost 90% in 20 hours of reaction. Finally, it has been concluded that this catalyst system can be very interesting to be applied in other types of reactions.","Lan honen helburua MOF-808-an oinarritutako katalizatzaile-sistema bat aztertzea eta kobrezko oxidasen zentro katalitikoak imitatzen dituzten katalizatzaile bio-mimetikoak sintetizatzea. Material horiek lortzeko, hasierako MOF-808-a sintetizatu, aminoazido eta azido karboxiliko batzuekin funtzionalizatu, eta, ondoren, kobrezko disoluzio batean sartzen da, metala adsorbatzeko. Lortutako katalizatzaileei kristal egituraren karakterizazioa eta karakterizazio kimikoa egin zaie XRD, FTIR-ATR, TGA, RMN, UV-Vis solidoan, EPR eta XRF teknikak erabiliz. Ondoren, katalizatzaieak CWPO erreakzioaren bitartez frogatu dira, ze nolako aktibitate mota duten, eta katalisi aktibitatean funtzionalizazioaren eta kobre kopuruaren eragina aztertzeko. Gainera, uretan fenolaren degradazio froga bat egin zen, eta katalizatzaile batek (MOF-808@His-Cu100) ia %90ko bihurketa maila lortu zuen 20 orduko erreakzio batean. Bukatzeko, lan honek erakutsi du katalizatzaile-sistema hau oso interesgarria dela beste erreakzio batzuetan aplikatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68059,2011-12-07,"In this paper, we present the results obtained from the paleontological study of the whole of the Sima de Illobi (Aralar, Navarra). This study consists in a taphonomical and taxonomical analysis. Firstly, we have analyzed long bones and teeth of Illobi, and compared with other sites in northern Cantabrian and Castilian plateau. Later, with the aim of analyzing the distribution of the whole, we have studied the existing age cohorts, by the dental wear. Finally, we have completed the study by analyzing the probable causes that contributed to this set, as well as depositional features, by the action of physical and biological agents.","Artikulo honetan aurkeztu nahi ditugu Illobiko Leizean (Aralar, Nafarroa) berreskuratutako multzo paleontologikotik lortutako emaitzak. Azterketa honek bi atal dauzka, taxonomikoa eta tafonomikoa. Lehenengoan, hartzen hezur luze eta haginen neurriak, Kantauri zein Gaztela ipar goi lautadako beste zenbait aztarnategiekin aldendu ditugu. Ondoren, hartzen adin banaketa aztertu dugu haginen higaduraren arabera. Azkenik, azterketa osatzeko asmoz, multzo honen sorrera azaltzen dituzten arrazoiak bilatu ditugu, ezaugarri deposizionalak ausnartuz, eragile fisiko zein biologikoen bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68408,2024-06-12,"Over the last years, the increase in proposals for renewable energy generation, together with the increase in price of electricity is encouraging a growing number of homes and businesses to install a self-consumption system on their buildings. This paper presents an exhaustive analysis, always from an economic point of view, of the different types of self-consumption offered by the current market for a photovoltaic installation on the roof of a specific industrial estate. The variables considered for this analysis, apart from the requirements imposed by the user, are the geographical and physical data of the building. Considering the different types of self-consumption available in the market, an analysis has been carried out to decide between a self-consumption system connected to the grid, or a self-supply photovoltaic system optimized with storage systems. Finally, the results obtained have led to a well-supported conclusion on the most appropriate type of self-consumption for this case.","Azken urteotan energia berriztagarria sortzeko proposamenak ugaritu dira, eta aldi berean elektrizitatearen prezioak gora egin du. Hori dela eta, gero eta etxebizitza eta negozio gehiagok erabaki dute autokontsumorako sistema bat instalatzea euren eraikinetan. Lan honetan, Espainiako araudiak industrialde bateko teilatuan instalazio fotovoltaiko bat jartzeko eskaintzen dituen autokontsumo-moten azterketa sakona egiten da ikuspegi ekonomikotik. Azterketa hori egiteko, eraikinaren datu geografikoak eta fisikoak hartu dira aldagaitzat, erabiltzaileak ezarritako baldintzekin batera. Erabiltzaileak aintzat har ditzakeen autokontsumo-motak kontuan hartuta, erabiltzailearen autokontsumo-sistema sarera konektatzea komenigarriagoa den edo bere autohornidura-sistema fotovoltaikoaren funtzionamendua optimizatzeko biltegiratze-sistemak sartzea komenigarriagoa den aztertu da. Azkenik, lortutako emaitzei esker, kasu honetan autokontsumo-mota egokiena zein den ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50172,2021-02-12,"In this intervention program we propose to work with the tool of lifestories, since this is an intervention strategy to be able to know the process of profesional development and identity of the adolescent himself. The intervention is aimed at the group known so far as unaccompanied foreign minors (MENAs) in the Zabaloetxe residential resource. Questionnaires are carried out both with the profesionals of the residential resource and with the minors, in order to have a wider visión of the life stories. The results found support the use of the tool. Therefore, an intervention is created to work with these minors.","Esku hartzeko programa honetan, bizitza-historioentresnarekin lan egitea proposatzen da, nerabeen garapen profesionalaren eta nortasunaren prozesua ezagutu ahal izateko, hau da, esku hartzeko estrategia bezala. Esku hartzea Zabaloetxeko egoitza-baliabideko adingabe atzerritar ez-lagunduentzat (MENAs) zuzenduta dago. Galdetegiak egiten zaizkie egoitza-baliabideko profesionalei zein adingabeei, ikuspegi orokor bat izateko bizitza-historioaz. Aurkitutako emaitzek tresnaren erabilerabermatzendute. Horregatik, adingabe horiekin lan egiteko esku-hartze bat sortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37124,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the concept of circular economy has come to stay. The water sector is the paradigm of this concept and the reuse its most exemplary practice: the water already used is purified and regenerated to recover a new life. Currently, the waste-water treatment plant of Bedia-Vedia (Bizkaia) consists of primary and secondary treatments to comply with the existing regulations in relation to the discharge of water into the Ibaizábal riverbed, although it can provide service through the implementation of a treatment tertiary with regenerated water to the local industry, both steel and agrarian, and to the city council for street cleaning and fire extinguishing. The project of extension of the WWTP of Bedia includes said tertiary treatment, consisting of a continuous ultrafiltration treatment for the reduction of suspended solids of the water to be treated, as well as microorganisms and turbidity, in addition maintenance disinfection by chlorination to prevent viruses and bacteria eliminated by ultrafiltration from reappearin, in such a way that it is guaranteed in its storage in the tanks of regenerated water and in the reuse of them a good quality. To all this, must be added the construction and installation of the equipment and processes necessary for the correct regeneration and storage of the treated water, such as the pumping wells needed to boost the water through the tertiary treatment, the chlorine control equipment for its correct dosage and the tanks of 1458m3 and 496m3 to be able to store part of the regenerated effluent. The construction of this extension will be made, mostly, by prefabricated equipment such as ultrafiltration equipment, post-disinfection pumping well, storage tanks ... except for the initial pumping well and the chlorination chamber. In this way, greater speed and simplicity in the construction process of said project will be achieved. The total project will go to tender with a Contract Execution Budget of 1.503.221,39 euros and an estimated total execution time of the work of approximately 90 days, with proper planning.","Laburpena: ekonomia zirkularraren kontzeptua geratzeko etorri da. Uraren sektorea kontzeptu honen paradigma da eta berrerabilera bere ohitura eredugarriena: dagoeneko erabiltzen den ura araztu eta birsortzen da bizi berri bat berreskuratzeko. Gaur egun, Bediako hondakin uren araztegia (Bizkaia) lehen eta bigarren mailako tratamenduak ditu indarrean dauden isuriko arauak betetzeko Ibaizabal ibaian, nahiz eta hirugarren mailako tratamendua implementatzearekin bidez lortzen dugun birsortutako urarekin bertako insutriari eman ahal diogu zerbitzua, bai burdingintzan bai nekazaritzan, eta udaletxeari kalea garbitzeko eta suak itzaltzeko. Bediako H.U.A. handitzeko proyectua hirugarren mailako tratamendua biltzen du, eta tratamendo hau osatuta dago, ultrairagasketako tratamenduarekin tratatzen den urari bai etengabeko solidoak murristeko baita mikroorganiskoark eta turbiditatea ere, baita mantentzedesinfekzio bidezko klorazioarekin ere, birus eta bakteriak ezabatutak ultrairagasketarekin berriro ez agertzeko, halako moldez bermatzeko ur tratatuaren biltegiratzea birsortutako uren deposituetan eta berrerabilpenean kalitate onekoa. Horren guztiaren aurrean, gehitu behar dira beharrezko ekipamendu eta prozesuen eraikuntza eta instalazioa birsorkuntza eta biltegirako ur tratatua egiteko, hala nola, beharrezko ponpa putzuak ura hirugarren mailako tratamenduan barrena bultzatzeko, kloro kontroleko ekipoak dosi zuzena emateko, eta 1458m3 eta 496 m3 deposituak birsortutako efluenteen zati bat gordetzeko. Handipen honen eraikuntza, batez ere, aurrefabrikatutako ekipoekin egingo da, hala nola, ultrairagasketako ekipoak, post-desinfekzioko ponpa putzua, biltegiratze tankeak... hasierako ponpa putzua eta klorazio ganbera izan ezik. Modu honetan, proiektu honen eraikuntza prozesuan abiadura eta soiltasun handiagoa lortuko da. Dena kontuan hartuta, Kontrata Egite Aurrekontua hurrengoa da: 1.503.221,39 euro. Eta egite epea, plangintza aproposarekin, 90 egungoa, gutxi gorabehera, izango da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20314,2017-01-12,"The aim of this work is to strengthen the new line of research towards the design and manufacture of microstructured polymer optical fibers (mPOF), developing the use of these fibers as bio-sensing platforms. In this way, through the design and development of new devices and applications, we want to combine the properties of microstructured polymer optical fibers with nanotechnology and biotechnology. Special emphasis will be made in the design and manufacture of new mPOF for use as biological sensing platforms, since these kind measurements are very interesting in various sectors (biomedicine, food and agriculture ...). Among the different spectroscopic techniques Raman spectroscopy has been chosen because it provides an accurate and sensitive detection technique. Therefore, in this work we study, develop and validate a suitable mPOF design for implementation as an improved SERS sensing platform. Finally, the polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) polymer will be chemically functionalized in order to obtain an improved response of the sensing platform; the plasmonic effect originated by gold nanoparticles in the desired wavelength provides a significant amplification of the Raman signal.","Lan honen helburua polimerozko zuntz optiko mikroegituratuen (mPOF) fabrikazio eta diseinuaren inguruan berriki sortu den ikerkuntza lerroa sendotzea da, zuntz hauen erabilera bio-sentsore plataforma gisara garatuz. Planteamendu honekin, dispositibo eta aplikazio berrien aurkikuntza eta garapenean, kasu honetan polimerozko zuntz optiko mikroegituratuen propietateak nanoteknologia eta bioteknologiarekin bateratuz. Zehazkiago, mPOF berrien diseinu eta fabrikazioan saiakera berezia egingo da sentsore biologikoen oinarri plataforma gisara erabiltzeko, neurketa hauek oso interesgarriak baitira hainbat sektoreentzat (biomedikuntza, agroelikagaigintza…). Espektroskopia teknika desberdinen artean Raman espektroskopia (SERS) aukeratu da detekzio teknika sentikor eta zehatza baita. Honela, mPOF-en diseinu aproposena, fabrikazioa eta erabilpena ikertu eta garatuko da sentsore plataforma gisara erabiltzean. Azkenik eta ildo berean, polimetil metakrilato (PMMA) polimeroa kimikoki funtzionalizatuko da, sentsore plataformak erantzun hobetua izan dezan, nanopartikulen eraginez plasmoi efektuaz baliatuz anplifikatutako Raman seinale egonkor eta zehatza lortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16464,2015-12-15,"This is a design Final Grade Work and it´s objective is to calculate the characteristics of a seal for a ball valve. Within these features will be included the geometric dimensions and materials of which shall be made each component. This seal will be subjected to a specific pressure and temperature, so the necessary tests will be done to get the dimensions and materials. To do this, before starting this analysis we must check the alternatives and choose the most suitable for the case presents us. Being only a design work, we will not enter into details of manufacture or distribution.","Hau diseinuko Gradu Amaierako lan bat da, non bola balbula baten ezaugarriak kalkulatu nahi diren. Ezaugarri hauen barruan dimentsio geometrikoak eta juntaren osagaiak fabrikatuta egon beharko diren materialen espezifikazioak sartuko dira. Junta hau presio eta tenperatura konkretu batzuk jasan beharko ditu, beraz beharrezkoak diren analisiak egingo dira egokiak diren materialak eta geometria aukeratzeko. Horretarako frogekin hasi aurretik, dauden aukerak aztertuko dira eta kasu honetarako egokienak direnak hartuko dira. Bakarrik diseinu lana denez, ez dira kontuan hartuko ez fabrikazioa ezta distribuzioa ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21000,2017-03-20,"In this work the planning of a 5G network will be carried out on a certain band of frequencies, and the number of base stations necessary to provide a bounded environment of Bilbao will be concluded. In addition, the new generation of 5G wireless networks will be studied, solving questions such as: what is it, what its requirements are, the use of the spectrum, its propagation, the architecture and the changes that will be made in comparison with the current technologies. On the other hand, in order to bring about the deployment, a coverage simulation will be carried out and the planning and the budget that would involve such deployment to a mobile telephone operator will also be included.","Lan honetan 5G sare baten planifikazioa egingo da. Eskuragarri dauden frekuentzien artean banda bat aukeratuta, zehaztuko dira behar diren oinarri-estazioak Bilboko zonalde zehatz batean estaldura emateko. Horrez gain, 5G hari-gabeko telefonia belaunaldi berri honen azterketa egingo da. Ikasketan 5G zer den, bere zehaztapenak, espektroaren erabilera, hedapena, sistemaren arkitektura eta aurreko belaunaldiekin konparatuz dakartzan aldaketak azpimarratuko dira. Bestalde, planifikazioa egiteko estaldura simulazioak burutuko dira eta telefonia mugikorreko operadore batek sarearen hedapenerako egin beharreko plangintza eta aurrekontua ere aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16334,2015-12-03,"This Project studies the carbon dioxide flux through injector nozzles using a simulation software, using the finite volume method (CFD). The aim is to be able to choose the injector nozzle that optimizes the quantity of gas used depending of the distance it has to cover. With a suitable computational model, this simulation could be performed in a computer without needing real-life testing, which would lead to savings in both costs and time.","Proyektu honek karbono dióxido fluxu bat ikertzen du iragazkietan zehar simulazio software baten bitartez, bolumen finituen metodoa erabiliz (CFD). Helburua erabilitako gas kantitatea optimizatzea da, ailegatu behar duen distantziaren arabera. Ordenagailu modelo egoki batekin, simulazio hau ordenagailu batekin egin daiteke entsegurik egin gabe, kostuak eta denbora aurrestuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73381,2025-05-07,"The main objective of this Final Degree project is to demonstrate the feasibility of integrating music into learning situations, with space as the central theme of study. This didactic proposal was developed at the Sasoeta Zumaburu school in Lasarte, in the 5-year-old Infant Education classroom. The research is based on the musical, pedagogical and psychological foundations of this stage of child development. The theoretical framework addresses issues such as the importance of music in infant education, its contribution to the development of intelligence, and the specific contributions of music education to the growth and overall development of children. After establishing the theoretical framework, a spatially focused learning situation was designed, a decisive step for the intervention and collection of results. Considering the nature of Early Childhood Education, various exercises and activities adapted to the age and characteristics of the pupils were developed, with the aim of achieving the objectives set.","Gradu Amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia musika ikaskuntza egoeretan integratzearen bideragarritasuna frogatzea da, espazioa aztergai nagusitzat hartuta. Proposamen didaktiko hau Lasarteko Sasoeta-Zumaburu eskolan garatu zen, Haur Hezkuntzako 5 urteko gelan. Ikerketa haurren garapenaren etapa honetako oinarri musikal, pedagogiko eta psikologikoetan oinarritzen da. Esparru teorikoak hainbat gai jorratzen ditu, hala nola musikak Haur Hezkuntzan duen garrantzia, adimenaren garapenari egiten dion ekarpena, eta Musika Hezkuntzak haurren hazkunde eta garapen integralari egiten dizkion ekarpen espezifikoak. Esparru teorikoa ezarri ondoren, ikaskuntza egoera bat diseinatu zen, espazioan oinarritua, esku hartzeko eta emaitzak biltzeko urrats erabakigarria. Haur Hezkuntzaren izaera kontuan hartuta, ikasleen adinera eta ezaugarrietara egokitutako hainbat ariketa eta jarduera egin ziren, planteatutako helburuak lortzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59699,2023-02-07,"The objective of this work is to calculate and design the systems of heating, cooling, ventilating and domestic hot water of an office building. Starting with a simulation of the building, the loads and demands of heating, cooling, ventilating and domestic hot water will be obtained, and the necessary equipment and its measurement will be defined in order to fulfil these. To define these systems, it will be taking into account the security, the cost and the efficiency, in order to comply the current regulation, without forgetting the thermal comfort of the users, and apart from that to be beneficial to the environment.","Lan honek ofizina eraikin baten klimatizazio eta ur bero sanitarioko instalazioak kalkulatzea eta diseinatzea du helburu. Eraikinaren simulazio batetik abiatuz, honen berokuntza, hozte, aireztapen eta ur bero sanitario karga eta eskaerak lortuko dira, eta horiekin definituko da beharrezko ekipamendua eta honen dimentsionamendua hauek asetzeko. Instalazio hauek definitzerakoan kontuan izango dira segurtasuna, kostua eta efizientzia, indarrean dauden lege ezberdinak betetzeko, erabiltzaileen konfort termikoa ahaztu barik, eta horrez gain, instalazio hauek ingurumenarekin onuragarriak izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57445,2022-09-05,"Social pressure on teachers, high expectations towards teaching, etc. are factors that generate high stress in teachers. Repetitive exposure to these factors can trigger burnout disorder, causing professional and personal burnout and negatively affecting the quality of life of teachers and students. The main objective of this study was to analyze the burnout level of 86 teachers in the Basque Autonomous Community, taking into account variables such as age, the number of years dedicated to teaching, the educational stage in which they work and the professional role they play. For this purpose, a mixed methodology was used in which the data were collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire and an open-ended question. According to the results, the prevalence of burnout in the teaching staff was low; however, significant results were found for both the number of years of teaching and the educational stage. Therefore, at least with regard to the sample studied, teachers do not have high levels of burnout, but they are at risk of suffering from it.","Gizartearen presioa irakasleekiko, hezkuntza jardunarekiko itxaropen altuak, etab. irakaskuntzan estres handia eragiten duten faktoreak dira. Hauek modu errepikakorrean jasan ezkero, burnouta pairatzeko arriskua ekar dezakete; higadura profesionala zein pertsonala sorraraziz eta irakasleen zein ikasleen bizi kalitatean modu negatiboan eraginez. Lan honen bitartez, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko (EAE) 86 irakasleren burnout maila aztertzea bilatu da aldagai ezberdinak aintzat hartuz; hala nola, adina, irakaskuntzan daramatzaten urte kopurua, hezkuntza etapa eta rol profesionala. Horretarako, metodologia mistoa eraman da aurrera, non, datuak Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) galdetegiaren eta galdera ireki baten bidez jaso diren. Emaitzei so eginez, burnoutaren prebalentzia irakasleriarengan baxua izan da, hala ere, irakaskuntzan daramatzaten urte kopuruan zein hezkuntza-etapan emaitza esanguratsuak aurkitu dira. Ondorioz, ikertutako laginari dagokionez, irakasleek ez dituzte burnout maila altuak aurkezten baina burnouta pairatzeko arriskua azalarazten dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37093,2019-12-19,"The Project consists in the connection of a joystick to a TwinRotor using the Matlab program. Specifically, I have worked with Simulink, the visual programing subprogram of Matlab.In this report it is explained thedevelopment of the programable to handle the twin rotor by using a joystick. The twin rotor will be able to be driven by two ways: a controlled form and a direct action form. The behavior of these two different ways of drivingareexplained in the report.For the development of the final software,it has been worked in two steps. At first it has been used a simulation and once good results has been achieved with the simulation it has been worked with the actual twin rotor. This report includes all the data itis needed to understand the developed programs and the analysis of the tests done. It also includes a description of the mechanical and mathematical shape of the twin rotor.","Proiektu honen helburua twin rotor maketa batean joystick baten inplementazioa da, Matlab programa matematikoaren bidez egindakoa. Zehazki, programazio bisualerako Simulink subprogramarekin lan egin da.Memorian zehar maketa kontrolatzeko joystick-aren bi erabilpen mota desberdinen garapena azalduko da: kontrolatutako hegaldi modua eta ekintza zuzeneko modua. Lanean bi hegaldi modu horien jokabidea deskribatuko da.Programaren garapenenan, hasteko twin rotor-aren simulazio batekinlan egin da, ondoren twin rotor errealarekin lan egiteko. Memoria honek maketa erreal eta simulatua kontrolatzeko garatu diren programen informazioa biltzen du, baita aurrera eraman diren entseiluetatik jasotako emaitzen analisia ere. Lanean gainera, twin rotor-aren karakterizazio bat 3garatu da, non bere itxura fisikoa zeinerabilitako control-sistemen oinarrian dauden eredu matematikoak azaltzen dir" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23281,2017-07,"The following report presentes the first study about which genetic mutations or aggregate of mutations interfere in cancer condition. The goal is to design a set of SW modules that contributes with necessary tools in order to be able to determine the real probabilities of suffering from the disease by means of a genetic analysis","Jarraian azaldutako informeak minbizia pairatzeko parte hartzen duten mutazio edo mutazio multzoen lehen azterketa aurkezten du. Helburua, SW moduluen multzoa diseinatzea da beharrezko tresnak bermatzeko. Horrela analisi genetikoaren bitartez aipatutako gaizotasuna jasateko probabilitate errealak zehazteko gai izan dadin. Proiektua Tecnaliaren laguntzarekin burutuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14004,2015-01-16,"Joseba Sarrionandia. (2013, 224) use the following words to begin a poem: “Sometimes in the newspaper is read everything that happens in the world and everything that happens in the world, is to believe that everything that happens in the world”. With this we want to refer to that there are several points of view involved in the same reality. The objective of this work is, perceiving all points of view is impossible, to ignore the views that we had already purchased to be able to evaluate objectively what we have before us. I.e. to unlearn what we knew before, to learn from what we have before us. Through a survey that we conducted, we have discovered that we have opinions about what you don't know (prejudice) and that what we know hurts what we should know (stereotype). Therefore we have based on the survey that is supported by the theoretical framework made to create a video promoting the process of unlearning and create at the same time a guide with which to start the learning process.","Joseba Sarrionandiak (2013, 224) “Batzuetan egunkarian munduan gertatzen den guztia irakurtzen da eta munduan geratzen den guztia, munduan geratzen den guztia sinestea da” hitzekin eman zion hasiera poema bati. Honekin adierazi nahi duguna da milaka ikuspuntu daudela errealitate baten baitan. Lan honen helburua da, ikuspuntu guztiak antzematea ezinezkoa delako, aurretiaz ditugun ikuspuntuak baztertzea aurrean duguna era objektiboz baloratu ahal izateko. Hau da, aurretiaz aurrean dugunaz dakiguna desikastea, aurrean dugun horretaz ikasteko. Gauzatutako inkesta baten bitartez ikusi dugu ezagutzen ez dugunaren gain iritziak ditugula (aurreiritziak) eta ezagutu genuena ezagutu beharko genukeena baldintzatzen duela (estereotipoak). Beraz, marko teorikoan oinarritutako inkesta baten emaitzetan babestu gara desikasi prozesua martxan jarriko duen dokumental bat egiteko eta ikasi prozesuaren hastapena izango den gida bat gauzatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29263,2018-10-23,"The main objective of this work is to design a suppressed circuit based on a non-linear inductance circuit, to reduce the effect of ferroresonance in voltage transformers. This circuit will be modeled with the software Matlab.","Proiektu honetan moteltze zirkuitu bat eraiki da, induktantzia ez linealean oinarrituta. Honen helburua tentsio transformadoreen ondorioz sortutako ferrorresonantziaren efektua txikitzea da. Zirkuito hau Matlab softwararekin laguntzarekin egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29226,2018-10-23,"This final project is developed to obtain the Degree in Industrial Technology Engineering. Here, the numerical simulation of the manufacturing process of a part of an automobile sheet will appear. In it, the tasks carried out in the engineering department will be determined. The main objective of this is to have a good knowledge of the die-cutting and simulation software. With this goal, one can firstly know the key role of an automotive sector engineer. To begin, the piece to be manufactured is analysed and the process of manufacturing is presented: stamping. Next, the options for doing this are analysed to make the process viable from the economic point of view. The Pam-Stamp computer program was designed to carry out the design, finding out about the different types of press and their features that are best suited to this process.","Gradu amaierako lan hau Industria Teknologiako Ingeniaritzako Graduatu titulua eskuratu ahal izateko garatzen da. Hemen, automobil baten xaflazko pieza baten fabrikazio prozesuaren simulazio numerikoa azalduko da. Bertan, ingeniaritza sailean landutako zereginak zehaztuko dira. Honen helburu nagusia, trokelgintza eta simulazio softwarearen ezaguera ona izatea izango da. Helburu honen bitartez, lehen eskutik automozio sektorearen ingeniari baten funtsezko lana ezagutu daiteke. Hasteko, fabrikatu beharreko pieza aztertzen da eta hau fabrikatzeko prozesua aurkezten da: enbutizioa. Ondoren, hau egiteko dauden aukerak aztertzen dira, prozesua ekonomia ikuspuntutik bideragarria izan dadin. Diseinua aurrera eramateko Pam-Stamp programa informatikoarekin egin da eta prentsa mota ezberdinak eta haien ezaugarriak ikertu dira prozesu honetarako aproposena aurkituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25966,2018-03-23,"the main aim of this pr oject will be to analyze the development of cooperative societies, which are nowadays presented as an alternative, consequently it is required to analyze the situation of these in the capitalist market. Conclusively, we will carry out a strategic analysis in a company called Sakana S.Coop , in order to see how it affects in the market","Lanaren helburua gizarte ekono miak eta kooperatibek izan duten erronkak eta garatzeko moduak aztertzea da. Izan ere, globalizazio eta kapitalismo garai honetan, alternatiba bihurtu dira kooperatibak eta beraz, kapitalismo garai honetan duten lekua ikertuk o da. H orretarako, Sakana S.Coop enpresaren analisi estrategiko bat egingo da eta honela merkatuan zein jokaera duen ikusiko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54032,2021-11-23,"Summary. Photogrammetry is an optical measurement system based on image acquisition, characterized by the ease and speed with which data can be collected and processed. Currently, there is no commercial software (VSTARS, Phox) that combines most of the photogrammetric configurations (single-camera, stereo or multi-camera) and allows virtual simulations with an industrial approach. Therefore, a more customized solution consists in the use of Matlab libraries together in conjunction with the own programming. In this Master Thesis, the existing photogrammetric models in Tekniker are gathered and homogenized in a single software tool to provide a simulation/design environment that can be parameterized and that allows to analyze in an agile way the viability of different photogrammetric configurations. For the execution of this project, the Matlab Computer Vision Toolbox library and the own libraries previously developed by Tekniker in various projects are used. Finally, a user manual contains the necessary instructions for any user to be able to use the application correctly and includes the different functionalities implemented.","Laburpena. Fotogrametria irudiak eskuratzean oinarritutako neurketa optikoko sistema bat da, eta datuak biltzeko eta prozesatzeko erraztasuna eta azkartasuna ditu ezaugarri. Gaur egun, ez dago konfigurazio fotogrametriko gehienak konbinatzen dituen software komertzialik (VSTARS, Phox) ezta simulazio birtualak ikuspegi industrial batekin egitea ahalbidetzen duenik. Horregatik, irtenbide pertsonalizatuago bat Matlabeko liburu-denden erabilera da, programazio propioarekin batera. Master Amaierako Lan honetan, Teknikerren dauden eredu fotogrametrikoak bildu eta homogeneizatzen dira software tresna bakar batean, simulazio/diseinu parametrizagarriko ingurune bat izateko eta konfigurazio fotogrametrikoen bideragarritasuna modu arinean aztertzeko. Proiektu hau gauzatzeko, Matlab Computer Vision Toolboxen liburu-denda eta Teknikerrek aurretik hainbat proiektutan garatutako liburu-denda propioak erabiltzen dira. Azkenik, erabiltzailearen eskuliburu batean, edozein erabiltzailek aplikazioa behar bezala erabili ahal izateko beharrezkoak diren jarraibideak jasotzen dira, eta inplementatutako funtzionalitateak jasotzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25560,1996,"Detection of symtoms in children victims of sexual abuses and the fear of reporting are some problems raised in relation to these offences. Together with this, questions about the evaluation of their testimony are stated. After a study on the different sides of these offences, the sequels that children victims of sexual aggressions suffer are explained, pointing out the treatment to overcome the consequences of these actions.","Sexu-erasoen haur-biktimaren sintomen detekzioa eta salatzeari beldurra delitu mota hauetan planteatzen diren arazoak dira. Honekin batera, bere lekukotasunaren sinesgarritasunaren baloraketari dagokion galdera aurkezten da. Delitu hauetako ezaugarri ezberdinak ikertu ondoren, sexu-erasoen haur-biktimek jasaten dituzten ondorioak adierazten dira, eta jokaera hauetako ondorioak gainditzeko tratamendua azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26053,1990,"In this work the autor makes an analysis about society and penitentiary world, so that he discusses some aspects such as penal process, penalty and prison; he finishes talking about fundamental right in prison.","Egileak gizarte eta presondegi munduari buruzko analisia egiten du, horretarako prozesu penala, pena eta gartzela bezalako atalak tratatzen ditu: ""oinarrizko eskubideak gartzelan"" gaiarekin bere agerpena bukatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36581,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the aim of the project “Implementation of Mechanical Access in Lugaritz” is to promote the mobility and accesibility of the surroundings areas of Lugaritz with the construction of a mechanical access. The present project through the documents of Memory and Annexes, Plans, Bid specifications, Budget and Safety and Health Study, defines the works of a pedestrian road and an inclined lift to overcome the slope between the Indalecio Prieto street and Zarautz Avenue. The pedestrian road will have a length of 100 metres, while the inclined lift will have a length of 70 metres to overcome a height of 31.5 metres. Otherwise, there will be a lighting network and a drainage network, as well as other urban elements to condition the new area.","Laburpena: “sarbide Mekanikoaren ezarpena Lugaritzen” proiektuaren helburua Lugaritz inguruko mugikortasuna eta irisgarritasuna sustatzea da, sarbide mekaniko baten eraikuntzaren bidez. Proiektu honek, oinezkoentzako pasabidea eta igogailu inklinatu baten eraikuntzak zehazten ditu Indalezio Prieto kalea eta Zarautz Etorbidaren arteko malda sahiesteko, Memoria eta Eranskinak, Planoak, Baldintzen Agiria, Aurrekontua eta Segurtasun eta Osasun Azterketa dokumentuen bidez. Aipatutako igogailu inklinatuak 31.5 metroko oztopoa sahiestuko du 70 metroko ibilibidea eginez, bestalde, oinezkoen pasabideak 100 metro inguruko luzeera izango du. Azkenik, argiztapen sarea, euri uren saneamendurako sarea eta urbanizatzeko beste zenbait elementu ezarriko dira inguru berria egokitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54318,2021-12-02,"(EN) Recent advances in the field of quantum computing mean that this discipline is emerging as one of the main alternatives to conventional classical computing. Quantum computers have already started to be developed. This paper analyses the current status of some of the IBM Quantum Experience computers, focusing on the characterisation of the entanglement provided by the devices and the implementation of Grover's search algorithm.","(EUS) Konputazio kuantikoaren alorrean egin berri diren aurrerapenen ondorioz, diziplina hori ohiko konputazio klasikoaren alternatiba nagusietako bat da. Ordenagailu kuantikoak hasi dira garatzen. Lan honek IBM Quantum Experience konputagailuetako batzuen egungo egoerari buruzko azterketa bat egin du, analisia gailuek emandako elkartze kuantikoaren azterketan eta Grover-en bilaketa algoritmoaren inplementazioan zentratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25612,1993,"Development of the general principies of the penitentiary Law and Rules in force, to them critiques and proposals to their possible reform.","Gartzelako indardun lege eta arauaren oinarri orokorren garapena, hauei kritika eta bere berrikuntza gertagarrirako proposamenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37108,2019-12-19,"The aim of the following project is to do the energy certificate of a student dwelling and to analyse the different alternatives of improvement economically, energetically and ecologically. For such purpose, CE3X computer program is used and after introducing the house data the program gives it rated. Moreover, it offers different alternatives of improvements are suggested. For the viability study of the improvements, these must consume less energy than the first situation and because of that, the new energy certificate is calculated. In addition, an economic analysis is also carried out in which the profitability of the improvements is studied.","GRAL honek ikasle baten etxebizitzaren ziurtagiri energetikoa egitea eta hobekuntzen proposamenak aztertzea ikuspuntu ekonomiko, energetiko eta ekologikoenetik du helburu. Horretarako, CE3X ordenagailu programa erabiliko da, etxearen datuak sartuz, honen kalifikazioa lortuko da eta hobekuntza proposamen ezberdinak eskainiko dira. Azken hauen bideragarritasuna analizatzeko, hasierako egoeraren kontsumo energetikoa murrizten dela bete behar da eta ondorioz, ziurtagiri energetiko berria egingo da kasu bakoitzerako. Gainera, analisi ekonomikoa egingo da non alternatiba bakoitzaren errentagarritasuna aztertuko den." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67895,2024-05-10,"In the epoch characterized by accelerated technological progress, this study explores the transformative impact of artificial intelligence (AI) applications within the realm of industrial manufacturing. The intricacies of this sector, with its complex processes and multifaceted operations, stand poised for substantial modifications owing to the adoption of applications propelled by the evolution of machine learning. These applications are explicitly designed to enhance efficiency, productivity, and decision-making processes within the industrial manufacturing sector. In pursuit of addressing this imminent transformation, the present work introduces advancements in the field of machine learning, incorporating generative artificial intelligence models, among others. The three models developed offer avenues for implementing a predictive maintenance plan applicable to components widely employed in the machine tool sector. It is noteworthy that these solutions exhibit a high degree of adaptability and scalability, extending their applicability to diverse industrial sectors. Prior to the deployment of these models, it is imperative to conduct the implementation and validation of a test bench, the details of which are delineated in this document. This test bench serves as a pivotal platform for the assembly of sensors, providing data essential for the subsequent examination pertaining to the implementations of neural network models. The results derived from this study are exceptionally satisfactory; not only have the predefined objectives for the generation of anomaly detection models been achieved, but also the generative model elucidated in this study has paved the way for further research within the research centre’s team.","Aurrerapen teknologiko azeleratuak nagusi diren garai honetan adimen artifizialeko (IA) aplikazioek industria-fabrikazioan duten eragin eraldatzailea aztertzea izan da helburu azterketa honetan. Fabrikazio industrialean aldaketa ugari eta nabarmenak gertatzen ari dira, ikaskuntza automatikoko aplikazioen garapenak bultzatutako soluzioak inplementatzen baititu, horien helburua delarik sektorean eraginkortasuna, produktibitatea eta erabakiak hartzea hobetzea. Gain-gainean den iraultza honetan murgildu ahal izateko, lan honek ikaskuntza automatikoan oinarritutako aurrerapenak aurkezten ditu, besteak beste adimen artifizial sortzailearen ereduak sortuz eta azalduz. Garatutako hiru ereduek makina-erremintaren sektorean nonahi erabiltzen diren elementuen mantentze-lan prediktiboaren plan bat ezartzeko baliabideak eskaintzen dituzte. Hala ere, soluzio horien irismena eta potentziala makina-tresnaren sektoretik haratago doa, askotariko sektoreetan aplika daitezkeen ereduak baitira, ez industriaren arloan soilik. Nolanahi ere, eredu hauek aplikatu aurretik, ezinbestekoa da proba-banku bat muntatzea eta balidatzea. Hori kontuan hartuta, ereduen emaitzak aurkeztu aurretik, beharrezkoak izan diren kontrol-elementuak, materialak, softwarea eta esperimentuen diseinua azalduko dira dokumentuan zehar. Banku horrek, batez ere, ondorengo azterketarako datuak ematean dituzten sentsoreak muntatzeko plataforma gisa balio du, zeina lotuta baitago sare neuronaletan oinarritutako ereduen inplementazioekin. Ikerketa honetan lortutako emaitzak oso pozgarriak izan dira; izan ere, anomaliak atzemateko ereduak sortzeaz gain, ikerketa honetan azaldutako eredu sortzaileak posible egin du ikerketa-zentroan ikerketa-arlo berri bat sortzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25871,2018-03-21,"The objective of this research is based on the identification of gender stereotypes that underages of a shelter house of the Basic Network have over their social educators. The reception of gender stereotypes has been analyzed according to the age and sex of the children and teenagers. For this purpose a research of qualitative character has been designed having used the technique of discussion groups, Participants were aged between 7 and 17 years and the following stereotypes were analized: aggressiveness, help behavior, empathy, sociability and leadership. The results indicate that all participants identify the gender stereotypes of their social educators. In addition, depending on the age these perceptions vary considerably, but they don’t when sex is analized.","Ikerketa honen helburua Oinarrizko Programa Orokorreko harrera etxe bateko adingabekoek haien gizarte hezitzaileengan antzematen dituzten genero estereotipoen pertzepzioa identifikatzea da. Genero estereotipoen pertzepzioa harrera etxeko adingabekoen adinaren eta sexuaren arabera aztertu da. Horretarako izaera kualitatiboko ikerketa bat diseinatu da eztabaida taldeen teknika erabiliz. 7 eta 17 urte bitarteko hamar umek zein nerabek parte hartu dute ikerketan eta agresibitatea, laguntzeko prestutasuna, enpatia, soziabilitatea eta lidergoaren estereotipoak aztertu dira. Emaitzek adierazi dute adingabeko guztiek antzematen dituztela genero rolak euren gizarte hezitzaileengan eta ondorioztatu izan da ume bakoitzaren adinaren arabera pertzepzio ezberdinak antzematen direla, baina ez aldiz sexuari dagokiola." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29268,2018-10-23,"This work is faced to the design of the frame of the prototype racing motorcycle for the Bizkaia-ESI Bilbao project that will take part in the fifth edition of the Moto Student competition. This will begin with a basic design of the frame based on the experience the team has gathered throughout the previous editions of the competition, taking into account earlier designs. To measure the quality of the work done and to master the design, an analysis is to be made by the finite element method in order to calculate the stiffness of the frame by measuring the proper displacements in several load cases and fit them to a proper value. Once a competitive design is achieved, the manufacturing process will begin with the necessary materials and the tools available at the garage.","Lan hau lasterketa motorra baten prototipoaren txasisaren diseinuan datza, Moto Student txapelketaren bostgarren edizioan parte hartuko duena Bizkaia-ESI Bilbao proiektuaren barnean. Lana, txasisaren hasierako diseinu batekin abiatuko da, iraganeko edizioetan taldeak irabazitako esperientziaz baliatuz eta beste urteotako diseinuak kontuan hartuta. Egindako diseinuaren kalitatea konprobatzeko eta diseinua hobetzeko elementu finituen metodoaren bidezko kalkuluak egingo dira, hala nola, txasisaren zurruntasuna kalkulatzeko erabiliko diren desplazamenduak neurtzeko karga kasu jakin batzuetan. Lortutako zurruntasuna balio jakin batzuetara hurbilduko da. Behin diseinu lehiakor bat lortuta, fabrikazioa hasiko da, behar diren materialetatik abiatuz eta tailerrean eskuragarri dauden erramintekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14641,2015-02-26,"The aim is to calculate a floor slab by four different constructive solutions, nerves in situ, prefabricated joists, precast slabs and honeycomb plates. You want to establish which is the most appropriate solution for different distances between supports. This will involve two studies with different informatic tools, Excel and CYPE.","Honen helburua, lau soluzio eraikitzaile desberdinez, in situ nerbio, aurrefabrikatutako saliba, aurrelauza eta plaka arbeolarren bitartez, forjatu baten kalkulua egitea da. Bermeen arteko alde desberdinetarako soluzio egokia zein den ezarri nahi da. Horretarako, bi ikerketa eqingo dira, informatika tresna desberdinekin, Excel eta CYPE." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67753,2024-05-08,"This work presents the research carried out in Early Childhood Education classrooms to analyse the gender perspective at this stage. The aim of the work is to analyse the perspective on gender equality of teachers at the Early Childhood Education stage, analysing individual knowledge, experience, ideas, training and practice. For this purpose, the data obtained through a questionnaire are collected and some conclusions are drawn in comparison with what the different aspects and theories of gender say. After carrying out this study, it has been confirmed that the awareness of the importance of working on gender education in the classroom is quite high, both on the part of teachers and schools; however, the teaching received in this area during teacher training is quite low, and the improvement of teaching practice is still pending.","Lan honetan, Haur Hezkuntzako geletan generoaren inguruko ikuspegia aztertzeko egindako ikerketa aurkezten da. Lanaren helburua, Haur Hezkuntzako etapako irakasleek genero-berdintasunaren inguruan duten ikuspegia aztertzea da, banakako jakintza, esperientzia, ideiak, prestakuntza eta praktika aztertuz. Horretarako, galdetegi baten bitartez jasotako datuak biltzen dira, ostera, generoaren alderdi eta teoria desberdinek esaten dutenarekin alderatuz, ondorio batzuk ateraz. Ikerketa hau egin ondoren baieztatu ahal izan da ikasgelan genero-hezkuntza lantzearen garrantziari buruzko kontzientziazioa nahiko handia dela, bai irakasleriaren aldetik baita eskolen aldetik ere. Hala ere, irakasleen prestakuntzan zehar eremu horretan jasotako irakaskuntza nahiko eskasa da, eta irakaskuntza-praktika hobetzeke geratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72745,2025-02-13,"In recent years, society has increasingly focused on developing intelligent systems to support healthcare professionals in their daily work, especially in Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM). These systems enable the extraction of relevant information from unstructured clinical documents and present it in a structured and machine-comprehensible format. This facilitates the automatic analysis of this information. The area of Argument Mining (AM), which overlaps with EBM, aims to examine the evidence and reasoning used by clinicians in clinical cases. To achieve this, AM focuses on detecting, classifying, and evaluating the arguments and the quality of the argumentative structures contained in a text. Due to patient privacy, the available corpora in the medical domain are usually scarce, limiting the development of these processes. This Bachelor's Thesis develops an AM process capable of extracting the argumentative entities that appear in clinical texts and identifying the argumentative relationships between them. This Argument Mining process is based on two main tasks comprised of Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Natural Language Inference (NLI), which achieves better performance than other techniques in data scarcity environments. This tool can be used to support clinicians in identifying argumentative structures in clinical texts that support or refute different possible diagnoses, thereby relieving the workload of healthcare professionals and improving patient response times. Moreover, by quickening the diagnostic process, it becomes possible to detect many diseases early and even prevent them. Looking ahead, the progress made here lays the foundation for creating a tool that provides an evidence-based justification for the machine's conclusions about the patient's condition.","Azken urteotan, gizarteak gero eta arreta gehiago jartzen ari da osasun profesionalei eguneroko eginkizunetan laguntzeko sistema adimentsuen garapenean, bereziki Ebidentzian Oinarritutako Medikuntzan (Evidence Based Medicine, EBM). Honen bidez, estruktura argi gabeko testu klinikoetatik beharrezko informazioa atera eta makinak ulertzeko modukoa den formatu egituratuan aurkeztea lortzen da. Modu honetan, makinek informazio hori era automatikoan analizatu dezakete. EBM alorrarekin bat etortzen da Argumentuen Meatzaritza (AM) eremua, medikuek kasu kliniko batean kontuan izandako frogak eta haien inguruan egindako arrazoiketa aztertzeko helburua duena. Horretarako, testu batean dauden argudioak eta argudio-egituren kalitatea detektatu, sailkatu eta ebaluatzeaz arduratzen da AM eremuak. Pazienteekiko pribatutasuna dela eta, medikuntza inguruko eskuragarri dauden corpus-ak urriak izan ohi dira, beraz prozesu hauen garapena arazo honengatik mugatuta dago. GrAL honen bidez, testu klinikoetan agertzen diren argudiaketa-entitateak erauzi eta haien artean existitzen diren argudiaketa-erlazioak identifikatzeko gai den AM prozesu bat garatzen da. Hau, Named Entity Recognition (NER) eta Natural Language Inference (NLI)—datu urrien aurrean beste teknika batzuk baino errendimendu hobeagoa lortzen duena—atazetan oinarritutako Argumentazio Meatzaritza prozesu bat izanda. Erreminta hau medikuek euskarri bezala erabili ahal izango dute testu klinikoetatik diagnostiko posible ezberdinen alde edo kontrako argudio-egiturak aurkitzeko, modu honetan osasun-profesionalek duten lan zama arinduko da pazientearekiko erantzun denbora hobetzen. Eta ez hori bakarrik, pazienteen diagnostikoa arintzerakoan, gaixotasun asko saihestea lortu daiteke edo izan dezaketen gaixotasunak garaiz detektatzea. Etorkizunari begira ere, hemen lortutako aurrerapenekin oinarriak ezartzen dira, makinak pazienteari buruzko ateratako konklusioaren ebidentzietan oinarritutako justifikazioa garatzen duen tresna sortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27331,1997,"Antagonism between universality and particularity founds its beginning on a wrong interpretation of the term “difference”. An adequate interpretation of this concept would make possible the recognition and the use of diversities in complete freedom, starting from juridical, social, political and economic equality. The obligation to establish a composure, must reconcile universal values and norms with differential judgment applicable to some people and collectives.","Unibertsaltasunaren eta partikulartasunaren arteko antagonismoaren jatorria “desberdintasun” kontzeptuaren okerreko interpretazioan dago. Kontzeptuaren interpretazio egokiak aniztasun guztien errespetua eta askatasuna eragingo luke, beti ere lege, gizarte, politika eta ekonomia berdintasunean oinarriturik. Oreka lortzeko beharrak, izaera unibertsaleko balore eta arauak, eta pertsona edo talde jakin batzuen irizpide desberdintzaileak hartu behar ditu kontuan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50201,2021-02-17,"Even though bullying is a phenomenon that has always existed, in the last decade the number of cases and their intensity has increased. As a result, the eradication of bullying is one of the most important challenges in the current education system. In order to deepen into this subject, this Final Grade Project has been focused on the prevention of bullying through emotional education. Likewise, a prevention programme aimed at Primary Education has been created, based on the development of emotional competencies. Finally, the results obtained from the implementation of this didactic proposal have demonstrated that emotional education is an effective way to deal with this phenomenon.","Bullying-a beti existitu den fenomenoa bada ere, azken hamarkadan kasuen kopurua eta horien intentsitatea handitu egin da. Hori dela eta, eskola-jazarpena errotik desagertaraztea egungo hezkuntza-sistemak duen erronka garrantzitsuenetariko bat da. Gai honetan sakontzeko asmoz, Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honen bitartez eskola-jazarpenaren prebentzioa hezkuntza emozionalaren ikuspuntutik nola landu daitekeen aztertu da. Era berean, Lehen Hezkuntzara zuzenduta dagoen eta konpetentzia emozionalen lanketan oinarritzen den prebentzio programa bat sortu da. Azkenik, proposamen didaktikoaren inplementazioak eskainitako emaitzek, hezkuntza emozionala fenomeno honi aurre egiteko bide eraginkor bezala aurkezten dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14020,2015-01-16,"This work provides a contrastive analysis between the English and Spanish languages in their different levels: phonetic-phonological, morphosyntactic, lexical-semantic, paralinguistic features and cultural-pragmatic, giving special importance to the main differences between them. It is specially aimed at Spanish teachers who instruct Anglophone students as a L2 or FL, as it is useful to understand the main difficulties that this collective can undergo in their Spanish language learning process.","Lan honek ingelesa eta gaztelania hizkuntzen arteko maila ezberdinetako analisi kontrastibo bat aurkezten du: fonetiko-fonologikoa, morfosintaktikoa, lexiko-semantikoa, hizkuntzaz kanpoko ezaugarriak eta pragmatiko-kulturala, hizkuntza bien artean dauden funtzezko ezberdintasunak nabarmenduz. Ikasle anglofonoen gaztelania arloko irakasle orori bereziki zuzenduta dago, bai AH modukoa zein BHkoa, lan honek ikasle hauek gaztelaniazko ikaste prozesuan pairatzen dituzten zailtasunak jakiteko balio baitu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50179,2021-02-12,"Not everyone has the necessary skills to make responsible use of new technologies, which include social networks, understood as a new form of leisure and socialization, specifically among adolescents. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the impact of social networks on the youth group, specifically in a sample of 264 young people (M=21.6; DT=3.02). Although social networks have long been part of the lives of adolescents, the results show that there is still a lack of awareness of the risks to which they may be exposed.","Pertsona guztiek ez dituzte teknologia berrien erabilera arduratsua egiteko behar diren gaitasunak. Teknologia horietan sare sozialak sartzen dira, eta horiek aisialdirako eta sozializatzeko modu berri gisa ulertzen dira, bereziki nerabeen artean. Horregatik, azterlan honek sare sozialek gazteen kolektiboan duten eragina aztertzen du, zehazki 264 gazteren lagin batean (M=21.6; DT=3.02). Sare sozialek denbora daramate nerabeen bizitzaren parte izaten, baina emaitzek erakusten dute oraindik ere ez dagoela kontzientziaziorik egon daitezkeen arriskuei buruz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25846,2018-03-21,"The social networks have an important impact in the way of teenager´s socialization. Thus, these social networks have played a key role in personal identity configuration. The undue diffusion of personal information via this media can directly affect personal privacy. An analysis is presented on the use of social networks in adolescence, emphasizing in privacy and digital identity. The results show the need to know and control the options of configuration of privacy of the networks and to learn to manage digital identity. After that, it has been elaborated a socio-educational proposal that focuses on the attitude towards social networks and on the management of privacy and digital identity.","Sare sozialek nerabeen soziabilizazioan eragin handia dute, haien identitate pertsonalaren eraikuntzan bitartekari gako bat izanez. Baliabide hauen bidez informazio pertsonala modu okerrean zabaltzen bada, pribatutasun pertsonalean ondorioak ekar ditzake. Nerabeen sare sozialen erabileraren inguruko analisi bar aurkezten da, pribatutasunaren kudeaketan eta identitate digitalean begirada jartzen. Ikusten delako nerabeek alde batetik, sare sozialen pribatutasun konfigurazio aukerak ezagutu eta kontrolatu behar dituztela eta beste alde batetik identitate digitalaren kudeaketaren inguruko ikasketen beharra dutela. Halaber, aurreko bi beharretan eragiteaz gain, sare sozialekiko jarreran eragingo duen proposamen sozio hezitzaile bat aurkezten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14734,2015-03-11,"The analysis and resolution of practical cases comprehend the resolution of practical cases, the analysis of possible alternatives or resolution of specific cases. This paper aims to analyze and solve a particular case of a hydrogen production process. Once exposed the context and analysis of the alternatives, we will proceed to explain the process of obtaining and using hydrogen to obtain electricity and heat power. The hydrogen can be obtained from the gasification of biomass. Once you have obtained the hydrogen stream, this will feed a special battery called SOFC, for combined heat and electricity.","Kasu praktikoen analisia eta ebazpena, bateratzen dute kasu praktikoen ebazpena, altertaniben analisia eta kasu zehatzen ebazpena. Lan honetan kasu konkretu baten analisia eta ebazpena aztertuko da, Hidrógenoa lortzeko prozesu batena hain zuzen ere. Behin testuingurua eta alternatiben analisia azalduta, hurrengo pausua, prozesua azaltzea izango da. Hidrógenoa, biomasaren gasifikazio prozesu batetik aterako da. Behin Hidrógenoa lortuta, elektrizitatea eta beroa lortzeko sistema batera bideratuko da, SOFC motako pila batera hain zuzen ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73364,2025-05-07,"The objective of this study is to analyze the change that has taken place in the schools throughout its history. Specifically, we want to analyze the role of the community and the treatment of interculturality in the Ikasberri ikastola in Azpeitia (Guipúzcoa). By means of semi-structured interviews conducted with the teachers of Infant and Primary Education at the Ikasberri school, the data has been analyzed based on the experience of the teachers, contrasting those who have just started with those who have a long professional career. Four of them have decades of experience in the school, and the other three are new. The results obtained show that the values and the vision that the professors have do not depend on the experience or their age. Rather, they seem to be related to the feeling towards the school project and to the vocation of being a teacher.","Ikerketa honen helburua ikastolen historian zehar eman diren aldaketak aztertzea izan da. Eta zehazki, komunitatearen garrantziaz eta kultura-artekotasunari ematen zaion tratamenduaz jakin nahi izan da. Ikastolen etorkizuneko erronken eta helburuen inguruko ikerketa ere egin da. Zehazki, ikerketa hau Azpeitiko Ikastola Ikasberri Kooperatiban oinarritu da. Horretarako, Azpeitiko Ikastolako zazpi irakaslek osatutako lagina erabili da. Horietatik hiru Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleak dira eta lau Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleak. Gainera, horietatik sei ikastolako ikasle ohiak dira. Lau irakaslek urte askotako esperientzia dute Ikastolan, eta beste hirurak berriak dira. Ikerketaren datuak elkarrizketa bidez lortu dira, esperientziadun irakasleak hasiberriekin uztartuz. Ikusi da emaitzak ez direla esperientziaren edo adinaren araberakoak. Ikastolen proiektuan sinestearen eta irakasle izateko bokazioa izatearen menpe daude." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24367,2011,"Based on the reasoning advanced by the High Court in handing down certain sentences - the first in 2009 and the second in 2011, and another Sentence handed down by the Court of Assizes in 2010, with regard to Public Order offenses, as contained in Article 557.1 of the Penal Code - two questions are raised. The fi rst regards the moment when the commitment of such an offense can be said to actually begin. The second, in relation to the fi rst, raises the question as to whether, if that moment is brought forward, this then constitutes a violation of the principle of legality given ne bis in idem.","Kode Penaleko 557.1 artikuluko “desordena publikoa” delituari buruz Auzitegi Gorenak bi sententziatan emandako argudioetatik (bata, 2009koa, eta bestea, berriz, 2011koa) eta Auzitegi Nazionalaren lehenengo sekzioak 2010ean emandako sententzia batetik abiatuta, bi gai landuko dira. Batetik, delitu horren gauzatzearen hasiera landuko da. Bestetik, berriz, aurrekoari lotuta, gauzatzearen hasiera aurreratuz gero, kasu zehatz horretan, leporatze bikoitzaren debekuaren edukian legezkotasunaren printzipioaren urraketa planteatu ote daitekeen aztertuko da (“non bis in idem”)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20222,2017-01-11,"Wind farms are scattering elements for radio frequency waves. One of the worst effects is that they produce echoes, degrading the quality of some telecommunication services, such as radio astronomy. The aim of this project is to study the impact of a wind farm situated in Aremberg, in the radio telescope of Effelsberg, and if it is detrimental, to propose mitigation techniques to reduce or avoid the effects on the radio telescope. For this purposes, a characterization of the scattered signal was made and some representative Radar Cross Section (RCS) values were obtained. This values were used for the study. Besides, a previously proposed scattering model by TSR (Tratamiento de la Señal y Radiocomunicaciones) of UPV/EHU was evaluated.","Parke eolikoetan instalatutako haize-sorgailuek sakabanatzen dituzte bere gainean erortzen diren irrati-maiztasuneko uhin elektromagnetikoak. Haize-sorgailuen efektuetako bat seinalearengan oihartzunak sortzea da, telekomunikazioko zerbitzu batzuetako funtzionamendua eragozten, irrati-astronomiako zerbitzuarena, besteak beste. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia Arenbergen kokatuta dagoen parke eolikoak Effelsbergko irrati-teleskopioan eragiten duen inpaktua aztertzea da, eta kalteren bat eragitekotan, kalte hori gutxitu edo saihesten duten arintze-neurriak proposatzea. Horretarako, haize-sorgailuek dispertsatutako seinalearen karakterizazioa gauzatu eta RCS (Radar Cross Section) balio esanguratsuak lortu dira, ikertzen ari den kasu konkretuaren inpaktu-azterketa aurrera eramateko. Gainera, UPV/EHUko TSR (Tratamiento de la Señal y Radiocomunicaciones) ikerketa-taldeak proposatutako dispertsio-ereduaren erabilgarritasuna ere ebaluatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31272,2019-01-28,"Nowadays, although it is not usual to relate restaurants with sustainable development and circular economy this research specifies the steps that must be followed by a sustainable and circular restaurant. Therefore, a survey will be introduced in order to accomplish an audit process and to verify if a restaurant is sustainable or not. Moreover, the structure of the questionnaire has been based on the survey Food Made Good composed by the English association Sustainable Restaurant Association (2015). Besides, several articles and webpages have been employed to adapt the information gathered from the survey Food Made Good to the current situation of the Basque Country. Even though the questionnaire is completely done, it needs to be underlined that the final result is not entirely accurate. Thus, a possible alternative has been presented throughout the work. To sum up, a sustainable and circular restaurant should not only be a Michelin-­‐starred restaurant since any other restaurant is capable to achieve it.","Gaur egun, garapen iraunkor eta ekonomia zirkular hitzak jatetxeekin erlazionatzea arrunta izan ez arren, lan honetan jatetxe iraunkor eta zirkular bat lortzeko pausuak zehazten dira. Horretarako, auditoretza prozesu oso bat aurrera eramateko oinarrizko galdetegi bat aurkeztuko da, helburu nagusia auditoreak jatetxea jasangarria den edo ez adierazteko aukera izanik. Momentu oro aurkeztutako galdetegiaren egitura Erresuma Batuko Sustainable Restaurant Association (2015) elkarteak garatutako Food Made Good galdetegian oinarrituta egongo da. Gainera, beste hainbat artikulu eta web orrialde erabili dira Food Made Good galdeketako informazioa Euskal Herriko ingurunera egokitzeko. Lanean zehar galdeketa guztiz osatuta egon arren, ezin izan da emaitzaren lorpen zehatzena doitu, baina beste irtenbide bat proposatu ahal izan da. Gauzak horrela, iraunkortasuna eta zirkulartasuna Michelin izardun jatetxeetan aurkitzeaz gain, lurraldeko beste jatetxe guztietan topatzeko beharra azpimarragarria izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17657,2016-03-16,"The globalization of our world has increased the necessity to communicate internationally, and for this reason studying a foreign language has become essential. As schools are a reflection of the reality, in order to face this necessity, there are more and more methodological approaches that develop the multilingual education. Among these methodological approaches CLIL and TIL are some of the most important ones. CLIL refers to an integrated learning of contents and languages and TIL refers to a joint programming of the languages of the curriculum. In this work the origin and the development of these methodologies are examined, apart from its trajectory in a school and how they are worked. In this last point, it is also analyzed the attitude of the school and the children towards CLIL methodology, through some interviews.","Gure gaur egungo gizarte globalizatuak, internazionalki komunikatzeko beharra areagotu du, eta horregatik atzerriko hizkuntzak ikastea ezinbestekoa bihurtu da. Eskola errealitatearen isla denez, behar horri aurre egiteko, gero eta gehiago dira irakaskuntza eleaniztuna garatzeko ikuspegi metodologikoak. Ikuspegi metodologiko hauen artean, CLIL/HEBI eta HTB dira garrantzitsuenetarikoak. HEBIk hizkuntzak eta edukiak batera ikasteari egiten dio erreferentzia, eta HTBk curriculumeko hizkuntzen programazio adostuari. Lan honetan metodologia hauen nondik norakoak aztertzen dira, baita hauek ikastetxe batean nolako ibilbidea izan duten eta nola lantzen diren ere. Azken honetan ikastetxearen eta ikasleen aldetik HEBIrekiko dagoen jarrera aztertzen da, galdetegi batzuen bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/9889,2012,"Apart from simple forms of restitution and compensation, the ancient civilisations of Israel, Sumer, Babylon and Rome, as well as the native peoples of North America and Oceania, also had the very first forms of restorative justice. In the XX century, in response, mainly, to the criminal wave of the 60s and 70s, and in the quest for alternatives to the traditional methods of dealing with the crimes of that period, experimental programmes began to emerge at the beginning of the 70s in Canada, the United States, England, Australia and New Zealand.","Lehengoratzearen eta konpentsazioaren forma arruntekin batera, leheneratze-justiziaren lehenengo praktiken aldaerak antzeman dira antzinako zenbait zibilizaziotan, hala nola Israel, Sumeria, Babilonia eta Erroman eta Ipar Amerikako eta Ozeaniako herri aborigenetan. Bere aldetik, XX. mendean, nagusiki 60ko eta 70eko hamarkadetako krimen-boladari erantzuteko eta garai hartako delituak tratatzeko ohiko metodoen ordez beste batzuk bilatzeko, 70eko hamarkadaren hasieran, leheneratze-justiziaren oinarriak erabiltzen zituzten programa esperimentalak sortzen hasi ziren Kanadan, Estatu Batuetan, Ingalaterran, Australian eta Zeelanda Berrian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68439,2024-06-14,"This Final Degree Project defends the need to work on interculturality and emotional education in Early Childhood Education. In fact, as the theoretical background says, the material we use is generally racist, stereotyped and ethnocentric. Not only that, as far as emotional education is concerned, working this in the classroom offers competences to face conflicts, violence, stress or depression. Thus, the objectives of this work are (1) to analyze how the elaboration of interculturality is carried out in Early Childhood Education through emotional cohesion; and (2) to design the Elkarlanetik ikasiz project to work on both terms. Thus, 28 participants filled in an on-line form. Subsequently, a didactic proposal was designed based on the needs observed in the form. As for the results, the treatment of interculturality in terms of what is given at school through emotional education, teachers specify that it is forgotten and hard. They also note the lack of resources. Based on these responses, the Elkarlanetik ikasiz program has been created, which in 26 sessions seeks to better know one's own emotions and be able to better identify those of others, as well as to develop respect and the ability to interrelate with different cultures, among other things. For this purpose, different resources have been used, among them, musicality, dramatization, cooking and books. In the conclusions, the concerns presented by the teachers in the form have been evaluated and improvements are introduced to face the limits of the didactic proposal. Nevertheless, we have an innovative program, Elkarlanetik ikasiz, which gathers resources to support teaching practice in intercultural contexts.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, Haur Hezkuntzan kulturartekotasuna eta hezkuntza emozionala lantzearen beharra defendatzen du. Izan ere, aurrekari teorikoek dioten moduan, erabiltzen dugun materiala orokorrean arrazista, estereotipatua eta etnozentrikoa da. Ez hori bakarrik, hezkuntza emozionalari dagokionez, hau gelan lantzeak gatazkei, indarkeriari, estresari edo depresioari aurre egiteko konpetentziak eskaintzen ditu. Gauzak horrela, lan honen helburuak hurrengoak dira: (1) Haur Hezkuntzan kulturartekotasunaren lanketa hekzuntza emozionalaren bidez nola gauzatzen den aztertzea; eta (2) bi termino horiek lantzeko Elkarlanetik ikasiz proiektua diseinatzea. Hori horrela izanik, 28 partaidek online gauzatutako formulario bat bete dute. Formulario horretan ikusitako beharren araberako proposamen didaktikoa diseinatu da ondoren. Emaitzak direla eta, kulturartekotasunaren trataera hezkuntza emozionalaren bidez eskolan ematen denari dagokionez, ahaztua eta gogorra dela zehaztu dute irakasleek. Baita baliabide falta nabaritzen dutela ere. Erantzun horietan oinarrituta, Elkarlanetik ikasiz programa sortu da, 26 saioetan norberaren emozioak hobeto ezagutzea eta besteenak hobeto identifikatzeko gai izatea, bai eta kultura ezberdinekiko errespetua eta horiekin harremantzeko gaitasuna garatzea bilatzen da, besteak beste. Horretarako, baliabide ezberdinak erabili dira, horien artean, musikaltasuna, dramatizazioa, sukaldaritza eta liburuak. Ondorioetan, irakasleek formularioan aurkeztutako kezkak baloratu izan dira eta proposamen didaktikoaren mugei aurre egiteko hobekuntzak plazaratuko dira. Hala eta guztiz ere, lan honek bere baitan hartzen duen Elkarlanetik ikasiz programa berritzailea dugu, zeinak irakasle jarduna kulturartekotasun testuinguruetan laguntzeko baliabideak esakintzen dituen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74100,2025-07-14,"Driver monitoring is becoming an increasingly important automotive safety feature with the advent of highly automated vehicles. Driver gaze estimation is a critical part of driver monitoring, as it can be leveraged to understand the status of the driver, including their focus and attentiveness to the surrounding environment. This information can then be used to prevent road accidents or alert the driver of events they might have missed. With these considerations in mind, this dissertation presents the development of an occlusion-aware driver gaze detection system. This system utilises frontal images of the driver to classify their gaze into one of nine distinct gaze regions. In order for the system to function in a wide range of scenarios, both RGB and infrared images are used, depending on the lighting and visibility of the driver. Additionally, the system detects frames in which the face of the driver is not visible to the camera, whether due to an occlusion or insufficient lighting. In such cases, it is able to identify that it is not capable of making a reliable prediction.","Automatizazio handiko ibilgailuen etorrerarekin, gidariaren monitorizazioa segurtasun automibilistikoko elementu gero eta garrantzitsuagoa bihurtzen ari da. Gidariaren begiradaren estimazioa gidariaren monitorizazioaren funtsezko zati bat da, izan ere, bere egoera ezagutzeko erabil daiteke, haren kontzentrazioa eta ingurunearekiko arreta barne. Informazio hori trafikoistripuak saihesteko erabil daiteke, edo gidaria kontuan hartu ez dituen gertakariei buruz ohartarazteko. Hori kontuan hartuta, oklusioekiko sentikorra den begirada detektatzeko sistema baten garapena aurkezten du lan honek. Sistemak gidariaren aurrealdeko irudiak erabiltzen ditu begirada bederatzi begirada-eremu desberdinetan sailkatzeko. Sistemak egoera sorta zabal batean funtziona dezan, RGB irudiak nahiz infragorriak erabiltzen dira, gidariaren argiztapenaren eta ikuspenaren arabera. Gainera, sistemak fotogramak detektatzen ditu, non gidariaren aurpegia ez den ikusten kamerarentzat, bai oklusioengatik bai argiztapen eskasagatik. Kasu horietan, iragarpen fidagarri bat egitea ezinezkoa dela identifikatzeko gai da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19573,2016-11-22,"The main objective of this work is to analyze the different existing solutions for the design of mixed-model lines. This kind of line can provide several advantages to companies. However, mixed-model line has not been studied as deeply as other kinds such as simple lines. Firstly, an analysis of the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of mixed-model line is done. Subsequently, it is introduced different algorithms and methodology that are focused on the balanced of mixed-model lines. These methodologies do not meet entirely the requirements or needs that companies want. Because of that, it is analyzed a methodology created by Lluis Cuatrecasas1. This methodology is based on the redistribution of capacities and tends to solve the gap that exists between academic studies and company's needs.","Lan honen xede nagusia lerro nahasien diseinurako dauden konponbide desberdinak aztertzea da. Lerro mota hauek abantaila anitzak eskaintzen dizkiete enpresei. Hala ere, ez dira beste produkzio lerro batzuk bezain sakonki ikasi. Lanaren lehenengo atalean, lerro nahasien ezaugarrien analisia, abantailak eta desabantailak aztertuko dira. Ondoren, lerro mota hauetan ardazten diren algoritmo eta metodologia desberdinak azalduko dira. Metodologia hauek ez dute zehazki enpresak eskatutako baldintza eta behar guztiak betetzen. Horregatik, Lluis Cutrecasasek1 ahalmenen birbanaketari buruz sortutako metodologia aztertuko da, ikerketa akademikoen eta enpresen beharren artean dagoen etena ebazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27823,2018-06-29,"The aim of this work is to strengthen the new line of research towards the design and manufacture of microstructured polymer optical fibers (mPOF), especially the ones whose structure contains a hollow core (NH-mPOF). We can insert solutions with molecules whose presence we will be able to detect by using Raman Amplification spectroscopy or Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Among the different spectroscopic techniques Raman spectroscopy has been chosen because it provides an accurate and sensitive detection technique. In the first stage, we will design suitable geometries that allow the propagation of light inthe hollow core of the mPOF. A simulation software named Photon Design will be used because it allows us to model the propagation of light in waveguides. Next, we will create PMMA cylindrical preforms that contain the designed geometry. Computer numerical control (CNC) will be used for that purpose. This machine provides maximum precision, both in the holesor air channelsdiameter, in the spacing between the holes and their arrangement in the preform. In the last manufacturing stage, mPOFs are obtained using heating and stretching unit of the machine. They will be characterized by high resolution images (SEM microscopy), and spatial power distribution measurements will be made too. Once HC-mPOFs are manufactured, we will design a sensing platform, in which we will introduce glucose solutions in water into the core of the HC-mPOF, in different concentrations. We will carry out experimental measurements with the aim of validating the developed sensing platform using Raman Amplification spectroscopy.","Lan honen helburua polimerozko zuntz optiko mikroegituratuen (PZOm) diseinuaren eta fabrikazioaren ikerkuntza lerroak sendotzea dira, baina bereziki nukleo hutsezko egitura dauzkaten PZOm zuntzen (NH-PZOm) analisiari ekingo dio. Anplifikaturiko Raman espektroskopia erabiliz zuntzaren barnean aurkitzen diren disoluzioaren molekulak detektatu daitezke. Raman espektroskopia aukeratu da espektroskopia teknika desberdinen artean detekzio teknika sentikor eta zehatza baita. Hasierako etapa batean geometria egokiak diseinatuko dira argiaren propagazioa NH-PZOm-en nukleo hutsean ahalbidetzen dela bermatuz. Horretarako, argiaren propagazioa uhin-gidetan modelatzea baimentzen duen simulazio software bat erabiliko da, Photon Design izenekoa. Ondoren, diseinatutako geometria dauzkaten PMMAzko aurreforma zilindrikoak fabrikatuko dira CNC tornu baten bitartez. Teknika honen bitartez, zulatutako geometriaren hainbat parametro kontrola daitezke doitasun handiarekin, besteak beste, zulatutako aire kanalen diametroak, zuloen arteko distantziak edo zuloen arteko banaketa pareten zabalerak. Fabrikazioaren bigarren etapan, aurretiaz diseinatutako PZOm zuntzak ekoizten dira, tenkaketa dorrearen beroketa eta tentaketa unitateak erabiliz. Lortutako PZOm zuntzak bereizmen handiko ekortetazko mikroskopio elektroniko(SEM) irudien bidez karakterizatuko dira, eta NH-PZOm zuntzen gidapena nukleoan ematen dela bermatzeko, potentziaren banaketa espazialaren neurketak egingo dira ekipamendu egokia erabiliz. Azkenik, fabrikatutako NH-PZOm zuntzekin glukosa sentsore plataforma bat diseinatuko da nukleo hutsezko PZOm zuntzak fabrikatu eta gero. Uretan murgilduriko glukosa disoluzioz NH-PZOm zuntzen nukleoa beteko da, kontzentrazio ezberdinetan. Raman espektroskopia erabiliz neurketa esperimentalak egingo dira garatutako sentsore plataforma balidatzeko asmoarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14002,2015-01-16,"ABSTRACT: The goal of this essay is to set up a work-project that can be put into practice on a child education school, analyzing the impact of practicing both music and creativity in class. In addition, adding the mention of popular songs and the importance of practicing theme, it has been created a mountaineer orchestra, in order to know the closest music, art and environment.","LABURPENA: Lan honek, hezkuntzan sormenak eta musikak duen garrantzia aztertuz eta hauek gelan lantzeak duen abantaila adieraziz, Haur Hezkuntzako gela batean praktikan jarri daitekeen lan proiektua sortzea du helburu. Honez gain, herri kantak zer diren eta lantzearen garrantzia aipatuz, mendizaleen orkestra izendatutako proposamena sortu da, musika, artea eta ingurune hurbila ezagutzeko asmoekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67887,2024-05-10,"For this Master’s Thesis the chosen topic will be the design and modeling of a DC Microgrid for an industrial complex. The energy transition that is occurring today leads to the search for improvements in the electrical system of different facilities, resulting in the possibility of using direct current instead of the usual alternating current. In this project, we will try to obtain a tool that will serve as a guide for the design and modeling of a DC Microgrid in an industrial installation, through the description of different phases and steps to follow necessary for the correct evolution of a project of this magnitude. This tool will be divided into 3 main phases and a practical case will be carried out in which the usefulness of this tool will be verified. Apart from the use of information obtained by ODCA, simulation tools such as Matlab and Simulink will also be used","Master-amaierako lan honetarako aukeratutako gaia korronte zuzeneko mikro sare baten diseinua eta modelaketa instalazio industrial baterako izan da. Gaur egun gertatzen ari den trantsizio energetikoak hainbat instalaziotako sistema elektrikoan hobekuntzak bilatzera darama, ohiko korronte alternoaren ordez korronte zuzena erabiltzeko aukera sortuz. Proiektu honetan, industria-instalazio batean korronte zuzeneko mikro sare bat diseinatzeko eta modelatzeko gida gisa balioko duen tresna lortu nahi da, magnitude horretako proiektu bat behar bezala garatzeko beharrezkoak diren faseak eta urratsak deskribatuz. Tresna hori 3 fase nagusitan banatuko da, eta kasu praktiko bat egingo da, tresna horren erabilgarritasuna egiaztatzeko. ODCAk lortutako informazioaz gain, simulazio-tresnak ere erabiliko dira, hala nola Matlab eta Simulink." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27905,2012,"The post-colonial theory introduced a new perception of colonialism, which as a subject of study exceeded the national and cultural limits whilst tried to overcome the Eurocentric colonial discourses from a comparative perspective. In this article we critically review some of the main post-colonial theoretical approaches, as the study to the “other” or the role of local entities in power relations (agency), as well as its specific implementation in the archaeological study of the Phoenician colonial expansion, its influence and grassroots in the main contemporary studies. We endow value to concepts such as the hybridity or the concern for the autochthonous active role, and some other considerations –or its absence– are criticized, as those relating to unequal exchange and exploitation.","Teoria postkolonialak kolonialismoaren ikuskera berria eman zuen, zein, ikerketa historikoko objektu bezala, nazioarteko eta kultural mugak guztiz gainditzen zituen eta aldi berean, optika konparatibo bat erabiliz, europar-ikuskera zuen diskurtso koloniala gainditzen saiatzen zen. Artikulu honetan teoria postkolonialaren ikuspegi nagusiak era kritikoan ikuskatzen dira, esate baterako, “bestearen” ikerketa edo botere harremanetan (agency-ean) tokiko identitateek jokatutako papera. Era berean, honek feniziarraren hedapen kolonialaren ikerketa arkeologikoan duen aplikatze zehatza eta gaurko ikerketa nagusietan duen eragina eta errotzea landuko da. Hibridazioa bezalako kontzeptuak edo bertakoaren paper aktiboari buruzko kezkak positiboki balioesten dira eta beste gogoeta batzuk, edo bere gabezia, kritikatzen dira, adibidez, truke desorekatua eta esplotazioa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23279,2017-07,"This project has assessed the relationship between cardiopulmonary (CPR) resuscitation quality metrics and carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in out-of-hospital cardiac arrests, in order to determine if CO2 variations are due to specific changes in the way the CPR is provided. To carry out this project a database has been generated from another one which contains records of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. This new database is composed of 480 segments of a few minutes of duration from 161 different patients. Each segment belongs to a compression interval preceded and followed by about 20 seconds which contain compression free sections, and has the capnography signal registered without any interruption. An algorithm developed in the investigation group has been used to detect the instants of ventilations in the capnography signal, making some adaptations on it to make it detect the instants and values of EtCO2 (End-tidal CO2). Those detected values have been manually revised using a graphical interface following some specific criteria. On the other hand, different CPR metrics related to thoracic compressions have been calculated from the compression interval. Then a graphical interface has been designed as a tool for analyzing segments, which allows for assessing the linear relationship between EtCO2 values and each of the calculated metrics by means of scatter plots and Pearson correlation coefficients (ρ). Segments of the whole database have been analyzed, obtaining plots for the different metrics with very scattered points and very low values of ρ (generally under 0.25), which implies very little linearity. Segments have also been studied separately, obtaining in this case very variable values of ρ, some of them getting even very close to the unit (with a ρ above 0.75), which implies a high linearity. Even in such cases, it is not possible to predict a specific value of EtCO2 using a specific value of the CPR metric. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is no significant linear relationship between EtCO2 and CPR metrics. For this reason, further studies are necessary to determine which specific factors (age, body mass index, cause of arrest…) influence the relationship between CPR metrics and EtCO2.","Proiektu honetan bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen (BBBaren) kalitate metriken eta karbono dioxido (CO2) mailen arteko erlazioa aztertu da ospitale-kanpoko bihotz-biriketako geldialdi kasuetan. Era honetan, CO2-aren aldaketak, BBBa aplikatzeko moduaren aldaketekin bat datozen aztertu da. Proiektua burutzeko, berezko datu base bat sortu da ospitale-kanpoko bihotz-biriketako erregistroz osatutako beste datu base handiago batetik abiatuz. Datu base berri honek minutu gutxi batzuetako iraupena duten 480 segmentu ditu. Segmentu hauek 161 paziente desberdinetatik atera dira. Segmentu bakoitzak hurrengo patroia jarraitzen du: bularraldeko sakadik gabeko 20 segundoko tartea, sakadak dituen tarte bat, eta beste sakadik gabeko 20 segundoko tartea. Gainera segmentu bakoitzak etenik gabe erregistratutako kapnografia seinalea dauka. Kapnografia seinalean aireztapenen uneak detektatu dira ikerkuntza taldean garatutako algoritmo bat erabiliz. Algoritmo hori moldatu egin da EtCO2 (End-tidal CO2) uneak eta balioak kalkulatzeko. Detektatutako une horiek eskuz birpasatu dira interfaze grafiko bat erabiliz eta irizpide zehatz batzuen arabera. Bestalde, sakadak dituzten segmentuen tarteentzat BBBaren bularraldeko sakadei dagozkien metrika desberdinak kalkulatu dira. Gero, interfaze grafiko bat diseinatu da segmentuen analisia burutzeko. Interfaze grafiko horrek, dispertsio diagramen eta Pearsonen korrelazio koefizienteen (ρ) bidez, BBBaren kalitate metrika bakoitzaren eta EtCO2-aren arteko erlazio linealaren azterketa ahalbidetzen du. Datu basearen segmentuak multzo bat bezala aztertu dira, diagrametan dispertsio handia eta ρ balio oso baxuak (oro har 0.25etik beherakoak) lortuz. Horrek linealtasun baxua adierazten du. Segmentuak banan-banan aztertu dira ere. Kasu honetan, ρ-ren balio aldakorrak lortu dira. Zenbait segmentutan ρ-ren balio altuak lortu dira (0.75etik gorakoak) linealtasun handia adieraziz. Hala eta guztiz ere, kasu horietan ez da posible EtCO2 balio bat zehaztea metrikaren balio batetik abiatuz. Beraz, ondoriozta daiteke ez dagoela erlazio lineal esanguratsurik EtCO2-aren eta BBBaren metriken artean. Horregatik, mota honetako lan gehiago egin behar dira BBBaren kalitatearen eta EtCO2 balioaren arteko erlazioan influentzia duten faktoreak (adina, gorputzeko masa indizea, bihotz-biriketako geldialdiaren jatorria …) zehazteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60232,2023-03-03,"This work includes a theoretical and practical section on emotions. It is very convenient to receive emotional education as a large part of our well-being depends on emotions. The aim of this work is for students to achieve emotional competences, working on the importance of emotions, their awareness and their management. To this end, different activities are proposed and some of them are put into practice. Although not all the sessions have been carried out, the ones I have implemented have been very well received by the pupils and the results obtained have been very satisfactory. Among them, they have acquired the courage to talk about emotions, they have learned to identify their emotions and those of others and they have acquired strategies to act in the face of one emotion or another.","Lan honen bitartez emozioen inguruko atal teoriko eta praktikoa biltzen da. Hezkuntza emozionala jasotzea oso komenigarria da, gure ongizatearen atal handi bat emozioen araberakoa baita. Lan honekin ikasleek konpetentzia emozionalak lor ditzaten bilatzen da, emozioen garrantzia, hauen kontzientzia eta kudeaketa landuz. Horretarako, jarduera ezberdinak planteatzen dira eta batzuk praktikan jarri ere. Saio guztiak aurrera eraman ez diren arren, inplementatu ditudanak ikasleengandik oso harrera ona izan dute eta atera diren emaitzak ere oso onak izan dira. Horien artean, emozioen inguruan hitz egiteko ausardia lortu, haien eta ingurukoen emozioak identifikatzen ikasi eta emozio baten edo beste baten aurrean jokatzeko estrategiak bereganatu dituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24469,2017-09,"This Final Degree Work is entitled: “Estudio de la rigidez al roscar F1252 en la fresadora Kondia A6”. The project consists of finding the best threading conditions in steel F1252, using the milling machine Kondia A6 located at the mechanical studio of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. In order to find so, some threading tests with a previous drilling of M8 x 1,25 mm, combining different threading instructions of the machining center with different tap holders and cutting velocities have been carried out. The hitch of the tool has also been tested by subjecting it to traction and compression efforts. At the same time the tests are carried out, the efforts caused have been measured using the Kistler measuring system. Once the tests are finished, the results obtained have been analyzed at the corresponding conclusions drawn.","Jarraian aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanak ondorengo izenburua du: “Estudio de la rigidez al roscar F1252 en la fresadora Kondia A6”. Proiektuaren oinarria, F1252 altzairuko hariztaketa baldintzarik hoberenak aurkitzean datza, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako mekanika tailerrean dagoen fresatzeko makina erabiliz, Kondia A6. Hura aztertu ahal izateko, aurretik zulatzailearekin haristatutako zortzi metrika eta 1.25mm-ko hariztaketa pausoarekin entsegu batzuk egin dira, mekanizazio-zentroko hariztaketa jarraibide ezberdinekin, erreminta-euskarri desberdinekin eta ebaketa-abiadurekin konbinatuz. Erreminta euskarria, trakzio eta konpresioko ahaleginen eraginpean jarri da, honen jokabidea aztertu ahal izateko ere. Aipaturiko entseguak gauzatu diren aldi berean, eragindako ahaleginak neurtu dira Kistler neurketa sistema erabiliz. Behin entseguak bukatua, lortutako emaitzak aztertu eta ondorio egokiak atera dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55034,2022-01-18,"To date, there has been the custom of giving great importance to written ability, leaving aside orality. It is now understood that oral language should be practiced as much as written skill. If the use of basque is really to be promoted, it is essential that teachers teach students how to do it and provide resources for it. As not many resources are offered to deal with this situation, an innovative proposal is presented: a web. This resource will allow children to practice basque in an entertaining way and according to their interests; without neglecting the written capacity, working indirectly on co-education and having the teacher to guide this process.","Gaur egun arte, idatzizko gaitasunari garrantzia handia emateko ohitura egon da, ahozkotasuna alde batera utziz. Egun, ahozko hizkuntza idatzizko gaitasuna bezain beste landu behar dela ulertzen da. Euskararen erabilera benetan bultzatu nahi bada, ezinbestekoa da irakasleek ikasleei zelan egin behar duten adieraztea eta baliabideak eskaintzea. Egoera horri aurre egiteko baliabide asko eskaintzen ez direnez, proposamen berritzaile bat aurkezten da: webgunea. Baliabide honi esker, haurrek ahozkotasuna euskaraz modu entretenigarrian eta haien interesen arabera lantzeko aukera izango dute; idatzizko gaitasuna alde batera utzi gabe, zeharka hezkidetza landuz eta irakasleak prozesu honen gidari izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25472,1998,"In March 1997, in Ecuador, the Public Ministry Law was approved. After a critical exam of this Law, the need of legal attendance is specified, analyzing this question on the basis of the Project of Penal Procedure Code, where the presence of the defender in penal process is considered in an organized way. Likewise, the Ombudsman is analyzed, going over this institution in some european and latin american countries, making a careful study of the experience in Mexico and the Andean Region.","1997-ko martxoan Ministerio Publikoaren Lege Organikoa onetsi zen Ekuadorren. Lege horren azterketa kritiko bat egin ondoren, lege asistentziaren beharra ikusten da, prozedura penalaren kode proiektua kontutan harturik. Hau hala izanik, zenbait europear eta latinamerikar herritan, Arartekoaren irudian sakonki aztertzen da, Mexikoko eta eskualde Andinoaren esperientzia kontutan harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55043,2022-01-18,"Given that Greek mythology is a fundamental basis of Western culture, many myths have been updated in the form of artistic, literary and cinematographic productions, even in consumer items, becoming part of the collective imagination, despite being absent in the classroom. The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to bring the Greek myths of Daphne, Persephone and Philomela to the Primary Education classroom in order to analyse them from a visual and gender perspective, paying attention to the roles of these women, with the aim of questioning the male domination implicit in the myths and encouraging students to identify and reflect on similar situations of gender violence that occur nowadays. To this end, a system of image analysis will be created, made up of questions, which will be applied in an educational intervention that takes the form of a Coeducational Escape Room, encouraging active learning, critical thinking and the development of egalitarian values.","Mitologia grekoa mendebaldeko kulturaren funtsezko oinarria denez, mito asko ekoizpen artistiko, literario, zinematografiko bezala eguneratu dira, baita kontsumorako objektuetan ere, iruditeria kolektiboaren zati izatera iritsiz, ikasgeletan ez dauden arren. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Dafne, Persefone eta Filomelaren mito grekoak Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgelara hurbiltzea da, ikusmen- eta genero-ikuspegitik aztertzeko, emakume horien rolak kontuan hartuta, mitoetan inplizituki dagoen gizonezkoen menderatzea zalantzan jartzeko eta ikasleek gaur egun gertatzen diren genero-indarkeriako antzeko egoerak identifika eta hausnar ditzaten bultzatzeko. Horretarako, irudiak aztertzeko sistema bat sortuko da, galderaz osatua, eta Escape Room Coeducativo forma hartzen duen hezkuntza-esku-hartze batean aplikatuko da, ikaskuntza aktiboa, pentsamendu kritikoa eta berdintasunezko balioen garapena sustatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37154,2019-12-20,"The following document presents a system of verification of an inverter DC/AC which works in a photovoltaicsystem used to the self-supply with the possibility to give to the distribution network the excess of energy. It includes a protocol of verification andthe result of the project is the verification of the inverter in an electric system form by photovoltaic panels, load and the distribution network.","Lan honetan,soberakinen autokontsumorako zuzenduta dagoen sistema fotovoltaikoan erabiltzen den etahonen egiaztaketarako saiakera-protokoloa edukitzen duenDC/AC-a inbertitzaile baten egiaztatze sistema egiten da. Beraz,proiektu honen emaitza, taula fotovoltaikoz, karga eta banaketasareekin eratutako sistema elektrikoaren inbertitzaile baten portaera egiaztatzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67742,2024-05-08,"Although loss and the grief it entails are events that all individuals in society experience, it remains a taboo in all areas, including education. Moreover, there is no evidence of this topic in the education curriculum, and therefore, resources to wotk with it are also scarce. In order to address this reality, in this end degree project a teaching resource has been created with the aim of dealing with it in Primary Education. The creation of this resource has been the result of a small investigation carried out with several teachers about grief and the resources they know about it, obtaining as a majority response the lack of knowledge about it. Therefore, the tale created allows, through the identification with different characters, to work with Primary Education children on what grief is, its course and manifestations, as well as other important aspects associated with it.","Galerak eta horiek dakartzaten dolua gizarteko gizabanako guztiek bizi dituzten gertaerak izan arren, tabuizatutako gaia izaten jarraitzen du arlo guztietan, baita hezkuntzan ere. Halaber, hezkuntzaren curriculumean ez da gai horren zantzurik aurkitzen, eta, beraz, dolua lantzen duten baliabideak ere urriak dira. Errealitate horri aurre egiteko, GrAL honetan, baliabide didaktiko bat sortu da Lehen Hezkuntzan dolua lantzeko asmoarekin. Baliabide horren sorrera doluari eta horri buruz ezagutzen diren baliabideen inguruan zenbait irakasleri egindako ikerketa txiki baten ondorengoa izan da, horien ezezagutza gehiengoen erantzuna izanik. Hori dela eta, sortutako ipuinak, hainbat pertsonaiarekin identifikatuz, Lehen Hezkuntzako haurrekin dolua zer den, bere ibilbidea eta adierazpenak zeintzuk diren eta baita hari lotutako beste alderdi garrantzitsu batzuk ere lantzeko aukera ematen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29254,2018-10-23,"In order to etablish an exitous business strategy is needed to obtain information of all the areas of the company by using indicators. The balanced scorecard alows us going beyond financial perspective and gives us a global view. Thus, in this work a balanced scorecard for an industrial company is developed. In this company automotive-pieces are made. Firstly, theoretical framework is done where balanced scorecard concept and its perspectives are explained. Secondly, all the company and the environment are analysed. Finally, the balanced scorecard of our business is developed in a practical way. To achieve the aim, objectives and indicators of different areas are defined and after by using pivot tablets of Microsoft Excel all the data are going to be summarized.","Enpresa batek estrategia arrakastatsu bat ezarri ahal izateko, beharrezkoa da enpresa osatzen duten arlo guztietatik informazio lortzea eta hori adierazleen bidez egin dezakegu. Aginte taula integrala (ATI) finantza ikuspegia ez ezik, ikuspegi global bat izateko aukera ematen digu. Horrexegatik, lan honetan enpresa industrial baten ATI garatzen da. Negozio honen zeregina automozio piezak egitea da. Lehenik eta behin, esparru teorikoa egingo dugu, non ATI kontzeptua eta bere ikuspegiak azaltzen dira. Gero, enpresa eta bere ingurunearen analisia egiten da, eta azkenik enpresaren ATI garatzen da modu praktiko batean. Garapen hau aurrera eramateko helburu eta adierazpen batzuk definitzen dira, arlo desberdinakoak eta ondoren, Microsoft Excelen taula dinamikoak erabilita adierazpen bakoitzarentzat lortutako datuak laburbiltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21791,2017-06-19,"Over the last years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has grown in protocols, implementation and use cases. Regarding to communication protocols, the Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) has started to gain some momentum as it follows the REST paradigm, it is very lightweight and it can be embedded in constrained device and networks. There are several available open source libraries that implement CoAP, that target different platforms and written in different programming languages. Each of these libraries has its own features and requirements and therefore, it is very important to select the most appropiate one for each proyect or system. The aim of the work carried out in this proyect has been to help developers choose the library that suits better each system. To do that, a preliminary research has been done on libraries, they have been theoretically analyzed and finally some ""demos""have been developed. After analyzing the features and extensions each library supports, the ""demos""have been executed to measure some important parameters such as latency and memory and CPU consumption, in a concrete hardware. With this analysis and measurements, the goal of helping developers select the correct library for their system has been targeted. Finally, a paper has been written and submitted to an international conference.","Azken urteotan, Gauzen Internet edo Internet of Things (IoT) zabaltzen joan da eta hainbat protokolo, inplementazio eta erabilpen kasu garatu dira. Komunikazio protokoloen artean, Contrained Application Protocol (CoAP) nabarmentzen hasi da, REST paradigma jarraitzen duelako, oso arina delako eta gailu eta sare oso mugatuetan sar daitekeelako. CoAP inplementatzen duten hainbat liburutegi libre daude eskuragarri, plataforma eta programazio lengoaia ezberdinetan. Horietako liburutegi bakoitzak bere ezaugarri eta eskakizunak dauzka eta oso garrantzitsua da aplikazio edo sistema bakoitzean liburutegi egokia aukeratzea. Proiektu honetan aurrera atera den lana zentzu honetan joan da. Hori dela eta, liburutegi ezberdinak bilatu, teorikoki aztertu eta bukatzeko ""demo""batzuk prestatu dira, neurri ezberdinak hartzeko. Horrela, liburutegi bakoitzak eskaintzen dituen ezaugarriak eta gehigarriak aztertzen dira lehenengo eta gero, demoak martxan jarri eta latentzia eta memoria eta CPU erabilera neurtu dira, hardware konkretu batean. Era honetan, garatzaileei beraien sisteman inplementatzeko liburutegi egokiena aukeratzen laguntzea izanik lanaren helburu nagusia, artikulu zientifiko bat idatzi eta nazioarteko konferentzia batera bidali da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70185,2024-06-10,"Our social and democratic State, subject to the Rule of Law, cannot be understood if it is not by the guarantee of fundamental rights that are materially effective. In order to reach that objective, the creation of a space in which citizens can exercise their rights peacefully, via institutions that work adequately, happens to be essential. Consequently, Spanish Criminal Law, in the Criminal Code, Chapter III of Title XXII of Book II, punishes criminal offences against public order, and particularly, but not only, the ones that disturb public peace, by which a certainly complete regulation is established, but it is not exempt from the usual interpretation problems that come from the use of multidisciplinary and obscure concepts, such as the one of public order.","Gure zuzenbide-estatu sozial eta demokratikoa eraginkortasun materiala duten oinarrizko eskubiderik gabe ezin daiteke ulertu, eta haiek izateko, herritarrak eskubide horiek bakez erabil ditzaten, hura bermatzen duen espazioa sortzea ezinbestekoa da, modu egokian funtzionatzen duten instituzioen bitartez. Hala, Zuzenbide Penalak, Zigor-Kodearen II. Liburuko XXII. Tituluaren III. Kapituluan, ordena publikoaren aurkako delituak zigortzen ditu, bake publikoan eragina dutenak bereziki, baina ez horiek soilik, arautze betea eskainiz. Dena den, ohikoak diren interpretazio arazoak ere badira, batik bat diziplina anitzetan dauden kontzeptu zailak, ilunak, erabiltzeagatik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62941,2023-07-03,"The unfounded link between mental disorder and social dangerousness has led to an overestimated recidivism rate among exprisoners with severe mental illness. At the same time, the scarce legal regulations on post-crime follow-up measures applicable during the phase of reintegration into de community can be appreciated. Similarly, the application of risk assessment tools in psychiatric-penitentiary settings is still rare in Spain. Thus, this empirical study was carried out by conducting five semi-structured interviews with experts and academics from different scientific fields, most of them belonging to a socio-psychiatric centre in Guipúzcoa. Among the main findings, it is worth highlighting the lack of regulations regarding the post-crime follow-up of exinmates with serious mental disorders, and the reduced variety of post-penitentiary control strategies in the mental health network, as well as the unusual application of recidivism risk assessment tools in psychiatric-penitentiary and/or outpatient centres. It thus became clear that there is a wide scope for improvement in both contexts, along with the current possibilities for monitoring and risk-assessing arising from other international legislation.","Nahasmendu mentalaren eta gizarte-arriskugarritasunaren arteko funtsezko loturarik ezak buruko gaixotasun larria duten preso ohien delitu-berrerortzearen tasaren gehiegizko dimentsioa sustatu du. Aldi berean, komunitateak gizarteratzeko fasean aplikatu beharko delitu-osteko jarraipe-neurriei buruzko lege-araudia eskasa dela ikus daiteke. Era berean, arriskua ebaluatzeko tresnak ingurune psikiatriko eta espetxeetan aplikatzea oso gutxitan gertatzen da Espainian. Hala, azterketa enpiriko hori bost elkarrizketa erdiegituraturen bidez egin zen, hainbat zientzia-adarretako aditu eta akademikoei, gehienak Gipuzkoako zentro soziopsikiatriko batekoak. Aurkikuntza nagusien artean, honako hauek azpimarratu behar dira: buru-nahaste larria duten preso ohien delituondoko jarraipenari buruzko araudirik ez izatea, eta espetxe-osteko kontrolerako estrategia-aukera txikia izatea osasun mentaleko sarearen esparruan, bai eta zentro psikiatriko-espetxeetan eta/edo anbulatorioetan berrerortzeko arriskua baloratzeko tresnak ezohiko moduan erabiltzea ere. Argi geratu zen, beraz, bi testuinguruetan hobetzeko tarte handia zegoela, eta gaur egun nazioarteko beste legerietatik datorren arriskuaren jarraipena eta balorazioa egiteko aukerak zeudela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19355,2016-10-24,"Through this project, threading tests are done in different conditions, changing velocities (Vc= 1 m/min y Vc= 10 m/min), functions (G63 and G84) and tap holders (rigid and semi-rigid). This is done in ADI 1000 material and making use of the Kondia A6 milling machine, located in the workshop of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. Results are obtained into different circumstances since a unique change can produce a breakage in the tap. Finally, results obtained are compared and contrasted.","Proiektu honetan zehar, hariztaketa entseguak egingo dira, baldintza ezberdinetan, esaterako, abiadurak (Vc =1 m/min eta Vc = 10 m/min), funtzioak (G84 eta G63) eta ardatz-etxeak (zurruna eta erdi-zurruna) aldatuz. Lan hau, ADI 1000 materialean eta Kondia A6 fresatzeko makinaz egingo da, Bilboko Ingenieritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko tailerrean kokatuta dagoena. Emaitzak, baldintza ezberdinetan aztertu behar dira, aldaketa bakar batek hariztatzeko ardatzaren apurketa ekar dezakelarik. Amaitzeko, lortutako emaitzak konprobatu eta konparatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63435,2023-07-03,"With the Trans Act published this year, discussions and arguments against trans identities have been reopened in the media and in public opinion. This has also affected feminism. The exclusionary trans feminist sector has opposed the law by providing arguments against the trans collective, specifically against transgender women. The purpose of analysing the conflict has been to monitor the development of feminism and the situation of the trans collective. The main objectives of this work are to study transphobic reactions to this day and their impact on trans young women. The methodological press and interviews of four trans young women have been used, so questions have been asked of the four participants identified as trans. The interviewees have answered questions about trans identities, the conflict with the terf collective and the changes that the new Trans Act may bring about. The results have allowed me to reflect on the hopes and frustrations of the new law.","Aurten argitaratutako Trans Legearekin trans identitateen inguruko eztabaidak eta aurkako argumentuak zabaldu dira berriz komunikabideetan eta iritzi publikoan. Honek feminismoan ere eragina izan du, sektore feminista trans baztertzailea legearen aurka agertu da, trans kolektiboaren aurkako argumentuak emanez, emakume transexualen aurka, zehazki. Gatazka aztertzeko xedearekin jarraipen bat egin da feminismoaren garapenean eta trans kolektiboaren egoeran. Lan honen xede nagusiak dira erreakzio transfobikoak aztertzea gaur egun arte eta horiek izandako inpaktua trans emakume gazteengan. Metodologiarako prentsa eta lau trans emakume gazteen elkarrizketak erabili dira, horregatik galderak egin zaizkie trans bezala identifikatzen diren lau parte hartzaileei. Elkarrizketatuek trans identitateak, terf kolektiboarekin bizi duten gatazka eta Trans Lege berriak sustatu ditzakeen aldaketei buruzko galderak erantzun dituzte. Jasotako emaitzek lege berriak sortutako itxaropen eta frustrazioei buruzko gogoeta egitea ahalbidetu dit." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24252,2017-09,"This final degree work is entitled: “Diseño de una hoja de procesos para la fabricación de un casquillo de inyección”. The aim of this work is to develop and elaborate a process sheet for the machining of an injection lathe of steel Orvar 2. Throughout this project the component will be drawn in a CAD software (Catia V5R19). The project focuses on the machinery renovation of a machining workshop. Starting from a modern lathe, selected by the company, the tools will be chosen for each machining operation based on the manufacturer’s catalogue of Sandvik Coromant machining tools. From there, we will obtain the cutting parameters of each operation in order to make the neccessary calculations and obtain the ultimate shape of the lathe, respecting all the dimensions and tolerances. Finally, with all this information, the process sheet will be developed.","Gradu amaierako lan honek izenburutzat honako hau du: “Diseño de una hoja de procesos para la fabricación de un casquillo de inyección”. Proiektuak helburu bezala oskolaren altzairu orvar 2 injekzioaren mekanizaziorako prozesu orria garatzea eta prestatzea dauka. Lan honen zehar konponentea software CAD (Catia V5R19) batean marraztua izango da. Hau guztia tailer mekanizatu baten berrikuntzari zuzendua dago. Empresak hautatutako tornu modernu batetik hasita, beharrezko tresnak aukeratuko dira fabrikatzaileak katalogotik zuzendutako Sandvik Coromant gailu mekanizatuak erabiliz. Horretaz, bertatik lortuko dira beharrezko kalkuluak egiteko parametroak eta horrela bereganatuko dugu oskolaren bukaerako forma, bere dimentsioak errepetatuz. Amaitzeko, informazio guzti honekin, prozesu orria eskuratuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67779,2024-05-08,"This Degree Thesis focuses on Relational Psychomotricity (RP), being one of the fundamental branches of Experiential Psychomotricity. The main objective of this research is to analyze de benefits of RP in education. In addition, taking into account that one of the most notorious traits of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is the difficulty in socializing, the positive impact of RP has been investigated. For this purpose, 5 interviews, 2 observations of RP sessions as well as the follow-up of a specific case of a child with ASD have been carried out. At last, a proposal for sessions has been devised for this child. Thanks to this research, it has been posible to confirm that with RP sessions, children with ASD improve their mobility and their ability to communicate and socialize.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek Psikomotrizitate Erlazionala (PE) dauka ardatz, Bizipenezko Psikomotrizitatearen funtsezko korronteetako bat izanik. Ikerketa honen helburua PEk hezkuntzan duen onurak aztertzea izan da. Horrez gain, Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmena (AEN) duten umeen ezaugarri nabarmenetako bat sozializatzeko zailtasuna dela kontuan hartuta, PEk haur horietan duen eragin positiboa ikertu da. Horretarako, 5 elkarrizketa, PEren bi saioen behaketa eta AENdun haur baten kasu espezifikoaren jarraipena egin dira. Azkenik, azken haur honekin burutuko litzatekeen saioen proposamen bat sortu da. Ikerketa honi esker, AENdun haurrek PEko saioei esker mugikortasunean, komunikazio- eta sozializazio- gaitasunetan hobekuntzak ematen direla ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/10558,2009,"In the General Archive of the University of Navarra, within the Luis de Eleizalde Collection, a telegram and eight letters have been kept from Sabino Arana Goiri to Eleizalde himself, dated between 3rd December 1900 and 21st August 1902. This unusual documentation is incredibly interesting to find out about different aspects of the ideology and the political and cultural action of the founder of Basque Nationalism in the last few years of his life. The letters provide new information on the difficult relationship between Arana and Fuero-supporters from the Euskalduna weekly, his participation in the Hendaye Congress for the orthographic unification of the Basque language, the journals he created (particularly the cultural magazine entitled Euzkadi), his controversial Pro-Spanish evolution in 1902, etc.","Nafarroako Unibertsitateko Artxibo Orokorrean, Luis de Eleizalde funtsaren barnean, Sabino Arana Goirik Eleizalderi igorritako telegrama bat eta zortzi gutun gorde dira, 1900ko abenduaren 3ko eta 1902ko abuztuaren 21eko data dutenak. Argitaratu gabeko dokumentazioa da, euskal nazionalismoaren fundatzaileak bere bizitzaren azken urteetan izan zuen bilakaera ideologikoa eta haren ekintza politiko eta kulturala argitzeko balio handikoa. Gutunek datu berriak eskaintzen dituzte honako hauen inguruan: Aranaren eta Euskalduna astekariaren foruzaleen arteko tirabirak, euskararen ortografia bateratzeko Hendaiako Biltzarrean izan zuen parte-hartzea, Aranak sortutako aldizkariak (Euzkadi kultura-aldizkaria, bereziki), 1902ko bilakaera espainolista polemikoa, eta abar." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25872,2018-03-21,"In this work an investigation into the treatment schools give to the consequences of parents´ divorce is presented; using ethnographic procedures, the situation in one school of the Basque Autonomous Community has been analysed, paying special attention to the difficulties faced by teachers. This project aims to emphasize the frecuency of divorce and the weaknesses of the current educational system. The investigation establishes that regarding this issue emotional field is lacking its place in the classroom and with a view of reversing this trend, some ideas that may be useful are proposed.","Lan honetan gurasoen banaketak haurrengan izaten duen eraginaren trataeraren inguruko ikerketa bat aurkezten da; prozedura eta tresna etnografikoak erabiliz, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko ikastetxe batean aipatutako ikasleei ematen zaien trataera aztertu da, betiere, irakasleek dauzkaten zailtasunak analizatuz. Lan honen bitartez, gaur egungo gizartean gero eta ohikoagoak diren banaketa egoerei buruz sakondu izan da, hezkuntza sisteman egon daitezkeen gabeziak azaleratuz. Ikerketan, arlo emozionalak zenbaitetan lekurik ez daukala erakusten da eta hori alderantzikatu nahian, erabilgarriak izan daitezkeen ildo batzuk proposatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60066,2023,"The ocean is a vast, untapped source of clean and renewable energy that can help reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and mitigate the impacts of climate change. Research on control applications for ocean energy is crucial for realizing the full potential of this renewable energy source. Control systems can improve the efficiency and reliability of ocean energy systems, making them more cost-effective and competitive with other forms of energy. These technological advances can also lead to the development of new ocean energy technologies and control strategies, which can expand the range of ocean energy resources that can be harnessed.","Ozeanoa energia garbien eta berriztagarrien iturri bikaina da, erregai fosilekiko menpekotasuna murrizten lagundu dezakeena eta klima-aldaketaren inpaktuak arindu ditzakeena. Itsasoko energiaren kontrol-aplikazioen inguruko ikerketa funtsezkoa da itsas energiaren potentzial osoa aprobetxatzeko. Kontrol-sistemek, itsas energia-sistemen eraginkortasuna eta fidagarritasuna hobetu ditzakete, beste energia moten aurrean errentagarriagoak eta lehiakorragoak bihurtuz. Aurrerapen teknologiko hauek itsas energian oinarritutako teknologia eta kontrol-estrategia berriak garatzea ere ekar dezakete, aprobetxa daitezkeen itsas baliabideen aukera zabalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26678,1995,"The refugee problems is studied, and european policy in the matter, the planning in communitary Law and its regulation in Maastricht Treaty are explained. Likewise, derived Law about asylum subject is analized, to finish with a reference to the tratment of this phenomenon in spanish juridical system.","Lan honetan errefuxiatuen gaia ikertu egiten da, honi buruzko europar politika. Komunitatezko zuzenbidearen aurkezpena eta bere arauketa Maastricht-eko Tratatuari azalduz. Era berean Zuzenbidea asiloaren gaian duen eratorria aztertzen da, sistema espainiarrean fenomeno honenn tratamentuari buruzko aipamen bat eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37095,2019-12-19,"Abstract: in recent years, the need to perform tasks autonomously has led to an exponential growth in the use of mobile robots, generating a growing investment in research in the field of mobile robotics. The fast development of this area has been transferred to other fields such as mapping of the environment or autonomous driving. All the major companies in the automotive industry are working on the creation of an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle that uses algorithms to plan the trajectory and avoid obstacles, requiring a very precise perception of the environment. The project that will be developed in this Final Degree Project (TFG), is based on the construction of a mobile robot that, through the implementation of the SLAM technique (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping), generates a 2D map of its surrounding environment. Specifically, the objective of this project is the design and construction of a low-cost mobile robot with wireless control, able to explore the environment through the use of sensors installed on the robot (encoders, LiDAR, IMU) and ROS software Kinetic with Hector SLAM package, which will implement the SLAM technique algorithm. As an additional objective of the project, it is planned to deepen in the knowledge of the IoT technology, working with specific software tools to communicate the ROS system with a computer with LabVIEW, applying the use of the publication and subscription of nodes.","Laburpena: azkenaldi honetan, era autonomoan ari ezberdinak egiteko beharrak hazkunde exponenziala sortu du robot mugikorren erabilpenean, zeinak eragiten duen gero eta inbertsio gehiago robotika mugikorren arloan. Honi esker, aurrerapen handiak gertatu dira alor honetan. Aurrerakuntza hauek beste eremu batzuetara transferituak izan dira, inguruko ikuskapena edo gidatze autonomoa, besteak beste. Automobilgintza enpresa handi guztiek kotxe autonomoen sorkuntzan dihardute, ibilbide plangintza eta oztopoak ekiditeko algoritmoak erabiltzen dituen ibilgailu bat hain zuzen. Algoritmo guzti horiek inguruaren pertzepzio sistema zehatz batez baliatu behar dira. Gradu Amaierako Lan (GAL) honetan garatuko den proeiktua, robot mugikor baten eraikuntzan datza, zeinak, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) teknikaren bidez, mugitzen den ingurutik 2D mapa bat sortzen duen. Zehazki, proiektu honen helburua kostu txikiko robot mugikor bat diseinatzea eta eraikitzea da. Kontrola, haririk gabekoa izango da eta ingurua ikuskatzeko sentsoreak (encoders, LiDAR, IMU) erabiliko dira. ROS kinetik sofwarek, Hector SLAM paketearekin, SLAM teknikaren algoritmoa inplementatuko du. Aparteko helburu bat, IoT teknologiaren ikasketan sakontzea da. Horretarako, instalaturiko ordenagailu LabVIEW ROS sistemarekin komunikatzeko programa batzuk martxan ezarriko dira, argitalpen eta nodoen harpidetzaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58316,2022-11-11,"In the process of combating gender violence, legal mechanisms have been created to protect victims, such as the protection order. The protection order is a specific instrument of the legal-criminal system for the protection of women victims of gender violence. However, the effectiveness of this legal instrument has been questioned due to the shortcomings of this instrument, considering that its main function, the protection of victims, may be far from being fulfilled. Therefore, this paper, in addition to explaining what the protection order consists of, identifies the shortcomings and defects in the processing procedure, in its content and in the assumptions for its adoption, and analyzes the causes and problems behind the high number of denials of protection orders.","Genero-indarkeria den gaitz sozial unibertsalaren aurka borrokatzeko, biktimen babeserako mekanismo juridikoak sortuz joan dira, besteak beste, aztergai izango dugun babes-agindua. Babes-agindua sistema juridiko-penalak genero-indarkeriaren biktima diren emakumeei babesa emateko jasotzen duen tresna berezia dugu. Hala ere, tresna juridiko honen eraginkortasuna kolokan jarri da, tresna honen gabeziak direla eta, bere funtzio nagusia, biktimak babestea, betetzetik urrun egon daitekeelakoan. Hortaz, lan honek babes-agindua zertan datzan azaltzeaz gain, izapidetza prozeduran eta edukian dauden gabeziak eta akatsak identifikatzen ditu eta horrekin batera, babes-aginduen ukapen kopuru altuak atzean dituen arrazoiak eta arazoak aztertzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54349,2021-12-03,"Death by AMPA-provoked excitotoxicity in oligodendrocytes (OLs), which are the myelinating cells in the Central Nervous System, is considered one of the underlying causes in the etiopathogenesis of several demyelinating neurological diseases, like multiple sclerosis. In this study, we analyzed the effect of the activation of GABA receptors (GABAR), on cell damage caused by excitotoxicity, since these receptors are mediators of the neuron-glia communication necessary for the successful differentiation of immature OLs to myelinating OLs. Our results show that both muscimol (GABAAR selective agonist) and baclofen (GABABR selective agonist) have a protective impact against this excitotoxicity in vitro. Due to the growing interest in GABABR receptor function in oligodendroglial cells, we focused on them and on analyzing which molecules take part in the protective impact of baclofen. Overall, our results indicate that the death pathways activated in this case are mostly apoptotic, that the activation of cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is relevant in this protective effect mediated by baclofen at short time frames, and that the inactivation of Akt is also important at longer time frames in the protective effect of baclofen. In the future, it would be of great interest to elucidate which molecules are being activated/inactivated by CREB and Akt, since modulating their activation state could have therapeutic potential.","Nerbio Sistema Zentraleko zelula mielinizatzaileak diren oligodendrozitoetan (OL) AMPAk eragindako eszitotoxikotasunaren erruzko heriotza gaixotasun neurologiko desmielinizante anitzen etiopatogenesian parte hartzen du, hala nola esklerosi anizkoitzaren kasuan. Lan honetan, GABA hartzaileen (GABAR) aktibazioaren efektua aztertzen dugu eszitotoxizitateak eragindako kalte honetan, hartzaile hauek OL heldugabeak OL mielinizatzaileetara arrakastaz bereizteko beharrezkoa den neuronen eta gliaren arteko komunikazioa bideratzen baitute. Gure emaitzek erakusten dute bai muszimolak (GABAAR-en agonista selektiboa), bai baklofenoak (GABABR-en agonista selektiboa) in vitro eszitotoxikotasun honen aurkako babesa eskaintzen dutela. Zelula oligodendroglialen funtzioan GABABR hartzaileekiko interes gero eta handiagoa dela eta, haietan fokatu gara eta baklofenoaren eragin babeslean zein molekulek parte hartzen duten aztertu dugu. Gure emaitzek adierazten dute kasu honetan aktibatutako heriotza bideak gehienbat apoptotikoak direla, cAMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) transkripzio faktorearen aktibazioa garrantzitsua dela baklofenoak denbora laburretan duen efektuan, eta Akt-ren desaktibazioa ere garrantzizkoa dela denbora tarte luzeagotan baklofenoak eragiten duen babesean. Etorkizunean, interes handikoa izango litzateke CREB eta Akt-ek aktibatzen/desaktibatzen dituzten molekulak zein diren jakitea, haien aktibazio egoera modulatzeak potentzial terapeutikoa izan dezakeelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36569,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the project that is exposed next includes the calculation and the sizing of an industrial unit, the manufacture of aeronautical pipes. This building is located in the Torrelarragoiti polygon, in Zamudio. The building has dimensions of 40 meters long by 10.68 meters high, and has a light of 20 meters, forming a useful plot of 800 m2 for the productive processes that will be carried out. It has 9 porches, 5 meters apart, a gabled roof, and an area of 200 m2 where the administrative area will be located.","Laburpena: ondoren adierazten den proiektuak kalkulua eta industria-pabiloi bateko dimentsionatzea, hoditeria aeronautikoko fabrikazioari eskainita, jasotzen ditu. Eraikin hau Torrelarragoiti poligonoan kokatzen da, Zamudio-n. Nabeak ditu 10,68 metrotatiko luzera altuko 40 metroko dimentsioa, eta 20 metroko zabalera du, 800 m2-eko lursail erabilgarria arituko diren prozesu emankorretarako eratuz. 9 arkupe ditu, haren, bi urretarako estalki baten, eta 200 m2-eko solairuarte baten arteko 5 metro tokian zona administratiboa kokatuko den bananduta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23215,2017-07,"This document introduces the new design performed to a FMS 200 cell with wireless communication, made up of 5 stations, using last-generation controllers (PLCs) and PROFINET communication bus. The study and design of the modifications is being carried out on the robotized station, so that they can be later implemented in the remaining stations. The potential improvements to be made on both hardware and software level will be designed on the TIA Portal V13 engineering platform.","Dokumentu honek SMC-ko haririk gabeko komunikazioa duen 5 estazioz osaturiko FMS 200 zelula bati egindako diseinu berria azaltzen du, azkenengo belaunaldiko kontroladoreak (PLCak) eta PROFINET komunikazio busa erabiliz. Aldaketen azterketa eta diseinua errobotizatutako estazioari egingo zaio lehenengo eta behin, ondoren aldaketak bestelako estazioei inplementatuz. Hardware eta software mailan egiteko hobekuntza posibleak diseinatuko dira, ingeniaritzako plataforma TIA Portal V13 erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25356,1999,"After a reflection about the nature of Penal Law and considering the principles on which it must be based, the sense of the privative of liberty penalties is analysed, and it is pointed out the necessity of searching alternative answers, studing the different possibilities that can be performed. Likewise, the jurisprudence in the matter of the Constitutional Court and of the Supreme Court is stated and expounded.","Zuzenbide penalari buruzko gogoeta bat egin eta jarraipide batzuk aztertu ondoren, askatasunaren aurkako zigorren zentzua aztertzen da eta hauen alternatibak beharrezkoak direla ikus arazten da, praktikara eraman daitezkeen posibilitateak aztertuz. Azkenik, Auzitegi Konstituzionalak eta Auzitegi Gorenak materia honetan duten jurisprudentzia azaldu eta komentatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25620,1993,"A brief analysis of the international instruments regarding criminal justice is followed by a proposal to use substitute measures to prison, not only as a simple penal reform, but as a deep and radical change reflecting a new ethical attitude towards the delinquent.","Justizi penalari buruzko nazioarteko tresnak aztertu ondoren, presondegi zigorraren ordezko neurrietako aplikazioa proposatzen da, ez bakarrik berrikuntza penala bezala baizik eta aldaketa sakon eta funtsezkoa, zeinek gaizkilearen aurrean jarrera etiko berri bat islada dezan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23171,2017-07,"The main goal of this TFG is to design the fabrication process of a flange of steel for oil sector as which will be used for joining the different parts of a piping system. Once the preliminary measurements of the flange are established, the initial design will be modified to solve the typical problems of the designs of a forged piece. Then, with the help of a forging simulator, the necessary preforms to manufacture the piece will be designed so that the piece obtains the best mechanical properties possible with the least economic cost. In addition, this TFG will also indicate the best machinery to produce the piece, depending on the final characteristics of the piece.","TFG honen helburu nagusia altzairu-pieza bateko fabrikazio prozesua diseinatzea da. Ikasitako pieza brida bat da petroleo-ko sektorerako eta bere funtzioa sistemako hoditeriak elkartzea da. Piezaren azkeneko dimentsioak lehenik eta behin ezartzen dira. Gero hasierako diseinua aldatzen da forjatutako piezen arazo tipikoak ebazteko. Simulagailu baten bitartez orduan piezaren fabrikazio hobeezina bilatuko da. Harekin propietate mekaniko on batzuk piezan lortzea eta erreminten bizitza luzatzea nahi da. Gainera TFG honek makineria onena esango du pieza produzitzeko. Makineria hau piezaren azkeneko ezaugarrien mendean egongo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43277,2020-05-19,"To the extent that psychological well-being can condition the quality of life of individuals, it is essential to ensure that children develop an adequate self-concept. Therefore, aware that self-image develops through relationships and experiences with the environment and that, as social people, our relationships are based on communication, this work aims to perform a theoretical review of the conceptualization of self-concept and communication and measure and analyze these two psychosocial variables in a sample of Primary Education. Thus, with the information obtained it is expected that from education new lines of work will be opened to work for the psychosocial well-being of students.","Ongizate psikologikoak norbanakoen bizi kalitatea baldintzatu dezakeen heinean, ezinbesteko suertatzen da haurrek autokontzeptu egoki bat garatu dezatela bermatzea. Hortaz, autoirudia inguruarekiko harreman eta esperientzien bidez garatzen dela jakinik eta, gizaki sozial garen heinean, gure harremanak komunikazioan oinarritzen ditugula aintzat hartuz, lan honek autokontzeptuaren eta komunikazioaren inguruko kontzeptualizazioaren berrikuspen teorikoa egitea eta Lehen Hezkuntzako lagin batean bi aldagai psikosozial hauek neurtu eta analizatzea du helburu. Hala, lortutako informazioarekin, hezkuntzatik ikasleen ongizate psikosozialaren alde lan egiteko ildo berriak zabaltzea espero da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29206,2018-10-22,"The following project submits a program involving the establishment of methods for fatigue calculus for shafts in the postprocessor of a finite elements program. Fatigue designing is a vast field which is in constant innovation, and that it is why some of finite elements programs lack of the necessary tools for proper and more complete fatigue analysis, such as ANSYS program. The program created using Matlab’s software in this project gives its user the chance to make a full fatigue analysis for shafts of different diameters and work conditions, especially for multiaxial fatigue.That it is why this program can be useful as a complementary tool for a postprocessor of a finite elements program, which will calculate the variable strains the element (the shaft) be holding up and the ir graphic representation. It will also allow for foreseeing if the element would have infinite life or not, and if not, it will calculate approximately the number of cycles before failure.","Proiektu honetan elementu finituetako postprozesatzaile batean ardatzen nekearen kalkulurako metodoen inplementaziorako programa baten azalpena egingo da. Nekearen analisia sail zabala da eta etengabeko berrikuntz a jasaten du eta horregatik, elementu finituen programa batzuk nekearen analisirako erraminta gutxi izaten dituzte, ANSYS programa esaterako. Matlab software-a erabiliz eraikiko den programa honen bitartez, elementu finituen programen postprosezatzailean nekearen analisi sakonagoa egiteko aukera emango dio aztertzaileari, batez ere, neke multiaxialaren esparruan. Programa hau beraz, elementu finituen programen osagarri moduan erabiltzeko aproposa izango da, elementu erresistenteak (ardatzak) nekearen aurrean bizitza infinitua edukiko duen ala ez aurreikusteko, bizitza finitua izatekotan zenbat ziklo iraungo dituen kalkulatuz baita elementuak denboran zehar jasango dituen tentsio aldakorren grafikaketa eta kalkulua eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19585,2016-11-23,"The aim of this project is to model the functionality of the security protocol known as EURORADIO. This protocol is part of the stack of the current European standard signalling ERTMS system, a speci cation created to remotely control train operation. This control goes from getting under the speed of the train up to establishing points of the track at which the train must stop. Furthermore, apart from just designing the model, the project goes to include it in an ongoing simulation framework (Railway Control Simulation Platform), based on Riverbed R Modeler Technology software, in order to assess its performance. As a nal goal, it will be possible to build a software tool which allows for carrying out studies for a potential migration from ERTMS to the IP technology, as well as making security analysis in the new scenery. This simulation tool will reduce the e ective number of necessary eld tests. In the same way, it is vital to add the EURORADIO model within the aforementioned protocol stack.","Proiektu honen helburua EURORADIO segurtasun protokoloaren funtzionamendua modelatzea da. Protokolo hori Europar ERTMS seinaleztapen sistema estandarraren barne dago, trenaren funtzionamendua urrunetik kontrolatzeko sortutako espezi kazioa. Seinleztapen sistema horrek abiaduta murrizteko erabili daiteke, eta aldi berean, ibilbidean geldiune puntu zehatzak adierazteko balio du ere. EUORADIO ereduaren diseinua egiteaz gain, piektuaren helburu gisa, eredu hori aldez aurretik existitzen den eta Riverbed R Modeler Technology softwarrean oinarrituta dagoen simulazio gune batean (Railway Control Simulation Platform) txertatuko da, errendimendua elbaluatzeko asmoarekin. Helmuga moduan harzten da, ERTMS-tik IP mundurako migrazio potentzial bat ikerkertzeak ahalbidetzen duen software tresna bat eraikitzea. Are gehiago, halako eszenatoki batean segurtasun azterketak egiteko gai izango den herraminta bururatuko da. Orokorrean, derrigorrezkoak diren, eta benetako trenekin egiten diren zelai probak murriztea loruko da. Esan den bezala, EURORADIO eredua ERTMS espezi kazioaren barne dauden beste protokoloekin bateratzea guztiz garrantzitsua da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36509,2019-11-27,"The current project consistsin defining the thermal installations needed to carry out the air conditioning and the sanitary hot water of a singular buildingusing geothermal energy. A nursing home situated in Vitoria-Gasteiz (Araba) has been chosen as building. First of all, the efficiency of some renewable energy will be analyzed, to justify the election of geothermal energy as the source of energy.The next stage will be to evaluate the energy needs of the building, and depending on them, choose the necessary equipment to provide the air conditioning. After that, thedesigned installation will be described. Finally,a temporal diagram will be added, andan economic study will be made, including the repayment period of the project.","Honako lanhaueraikin berezi baten instalazio termikoak diseinatzean datza, klimatizazioa eta ur bero sanitarioa eskaintzeko. Vitoria-Gasteizen (Araba) kokatutako zahar-etxe bat aukeratu da eraikintzat. Lehenengo eta behin,zenbait energia berriztagarrien efizientziaaztertuko da, geotermiarenaukera justifikatzeko.Hau egin ondoren, eraikinaren behar-energetikoak kalkulatuko dira, eta haien arabera, klimatizazioa eskaintzeko behar diren instalazioak aukeratu, eta deskribatuko dira.Amaitzeko, proiektuaren denbora-eskema gehituko da, eta proiektuaren ikerketa ekonomikoa egingo da, haren amortizazio epea zehaztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43279,2020-05-19,"On the following lines we are going to analyse the impact the family has on children’s literature. The main aim is to see how the different types of families take part on those books. To see, in fact, if literature has given a step forward as our society has done to include all the different types of families. To prove that, theory and practice will be needed as an important part of it because every piece of information will be based on those. Also, for the people who has never thought about the idea of different families in literature, some interesting and useful book titles will be included. Which, by the way, serve as perfect examples for the information that is going to be explained. Some other interesting topics will be included but without stepping back from the main issue. One of those topics will be adoption. Apart from that, a special mention will be made about raising awareness about this situation. The importance of showing respect to the changes that families are going throw in the world right now and the necessity of talking about those situations with children to help them understand the world they live in. Because not every kid is part of a traditional family, which means not every little boy or girl out there lives with a mum and a dad. It is important to see this new society as natural as possible. The methodology used on this assignment is the information found online plus the books required for the test and my own knowledge about the different topics.","Hurrengo lerroetan familiaren kontzeptua haur literaturan izandako eragina aztertuko da. Liburu horietan familia-motak izan duten trataera ikustea da txosten honen helburu nagusia. Ikustea, batez ere, literaturak, gizarteak bezala, aurrera pauso bat eman duen familiei eta existitzen diren hainbat motari dagokionez, edo ez. Hori lortzeko, analisi bat burutu da non bai teoriak bai praktikak garrantzi handia izan duten. Emango den informazioaren oinarri moduan erabili direlako bata zein bestea. Gainera, gai honi buruz inoiz hausnartu ez duten pertsonentzat zenbait izenburu baliagarri proposatuko zaizkie lanean zehar, azalduko den informazioaren adibide izango direnak. Gainera, gure gizartean garrantzitsuak diren gaur egungo gaietan ere ikuspuntua jarriko da, beti ere hasierako gaitik gehiegi aldendu gabe. Bereziki aipatuko den gai hori adopzioa izango da. Horretaz aparte, aipamen berezia egin nahi zaio kontzientziatzearen garrantziari. Familiaren terminoa gure gizartean jasotzen ari duen aldaketaren aurrean errespetuz jokatzea eta aurrerapen horiek azaltzen dituzten azalpenak eskaintzea haurrei, haien mundua ulertzen laguntzeko. Munduko ume guztiak ez dira familia tradizional baten parte, hau da, guztiok ez dituzte ama bat eta aita bat etxean. Beraz, edozein familia-mota duen pertsona baten aurrean naturaltasunez jokatzearen garrantzia nahiko handia da. Lana aurrera eramateko erabili den metodologia, batez ere, informazioaren bilaketan oinarritu da. Horrekin batera, analisia burutzeko beharrezkoak izan diren liburuak eta ezagutza propioak erabili dira baita ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73235,2025-05-07,"In the first cycle of Primary Education, in addition to the acquisition of the written code, the learning process of writing is influenced by external factors such as technological devices and resources. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze whether there are differences in students' handwriting and keyboarding in the first year of primary school, taking into account the stages of learning to write for each piece of writing. In order to achieve this objective, 44 writings generated by 22 first grade students from a school in Bizkaia were analyzed. Each of the students wrote two texts, one manually and the other using the computer keyboard. The results obtained from the analysis of the data indicate that both media (manual and keyboard) can be complementary and that in most cases, the difficulties that appear in the first writing also appear in the second. In spite of the similar characteristics among the students, the research work carried out shows that there is a great deal of diversity and heterogeneity among them.","Lehen Hezkuntzako 1. zikloan idatzizko kodeaz jabetzeaz gain, idazten ikastearen prozesuan kanpoko hainbat faktorek eragina izaten dute; hots, gailu eta baliabide teknologikoek. Horregatik, lan honen helburua da, Lehen Hezkuntzako 1. mailan ikasleen eskuzko eta teklatu bidezko idazketan ezberdintasunik dagoen aztertzea, idazki bakoitzaren idazten ikasteko faseak kontuan hartuz. Helburua erdiesteko, Bizkaiko ikastetxe bateko 1. mailako 22 ikasleek sortutako 44 idazki aztertu dira. Ikasle bakoitzak bina idazki idatzi ditu bata eskuz eta bestea teklatu bidez. Datuak aztertuta ateratako emaitzek adierazi dute bi euskarriak (eskuzkoa eta teklatu bidezkoa) osagarriak izan daitezkeela, eta kasu gehienetan, idazki batean agertutako zailtasunak bigarren idazkian ere agertu direla. Egindako ikerketa lanean ikasleen ezaugarriak antzekoak izanda ere, emaitzetan ikasleen arteko aniztasuna eta heterogeneotasuna azaleratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25913,2018-03-22,"In Early childhood education , one of the most enriching resources that could be used are the school excursions, since they promote the child global development. Nevertheless, in order to produce a significant learning and encourage motivation, as well as participation, it is indispensable to design them beforehand, taking into account the children interests and their options to take part in them. In this work two excursions will be assessed focusing on the influence they have had on the students. Finally, bearing in mind the results obtained , some conclusions will be drawn.","Haur Hezkuntzan erabili dezakegun ikaskuntzarako baliabide aberasgarrienetako bat irteerak dira, hauek haurraren garapen globala sustatzen baitute. Hala ere, irteeretan ikaskuntza esanguratsua gertatzeko eta umeen partaidetza eta motibazioa sustatzeko, aldez aurretik irteera ondo diseinatzea eta umeen interesak zein haiek parte-hartzeko aukerak kontuan hartzea oinarrizkoa da. Lan honetan bi irteeren garapena eta umeengan izan duen eragina aztertuko dira, ondoren zenbait ondorio ateratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16265,2015-11-30,"This Project is based on the idea of carrying out a CAM code from a previous design (CAD). The CAD model consists of a drill bit, which is specifically designed to drill stacked materials, such as Titanium and Carbon Fiber which are widely used by aircraft industry nowadays. To achieve this target will be necesary to have the appropriate resources, software licenses, factory’s support and of course knowledge of the subject. This text has several goals, including tool manufacture, and also demonstrate the profitability of this machining method currently.","Proiektu hau, aurreko diseinu (CAD)etik CAM kode bat egiteko ideian oinarritzen da. CAD eredua, pilatutako materialak zulatzeko apur berezi bat da, besteak beste karbono zuntza eta titaniozkoak, gaur egun abiazio industrian asko erabiltzen direnak. Helburu hau lortzeko, baliabide egokial, software lizentziak eta fabrika laguntza edukitzea, beharrezkoa izango litzateke, eta, jakina, gaia ondo ezagutzea. Textu honek hainbat helburu dauka, alde batetik erremintak fabrikatzea eta beste aldetik, gaur egun, mekanizatzeko metodo honen errentagarritasuna frogatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53173,2021-06-11,"Cryptocurrencies gain relevance in the social and economic order all over the world. Anonymity and decentralization are their most popular features, but those two are also the characteristics that present more risk in the social reality. Although they are increasingly accepted there are not enough rules to respond to the needs that this new economic reality brings with them. In this analysis, we speak about the treatment that the Spanish estate has carried out. We analyze among other problems the following ones: their legal nature, the tax regime, and also the control mechanism to avoid the use them for illicit purposes.","Kriptomonedak gizarte eta ekonomia esparruetan garrantzitsuak bilakatzen ari dira. Deszentralizazioa eta anonimotasuna ezaugarri esanguratsuenak dira, baina, aldi berean gizarte mailan arrisku handiak sortu ditzakete. Kriptomonedak geroz eta erabiliagoak diren arren, blockchain deritzonaren erregulazioa kudeatu ditzaketen lege nahikorik ez dira existitzen. Lan honetan, Espainako estatuan jasandako tratamenduak azterru dira, lehenik eta behin, zuzenbide izaera ondoren, zerga erregimenari buruz hausnartuz eta horrez gain, legez kontrako helburua izan ditzaketen erabileren kontrol mekanismoak azaltzen direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18319,2016-05-31,"The purpose of this project is to study the performance and the efficiency of the LDM technology for the transmission of multicast services in a cellular network and vehicular communication environment. In order to achieve this goal, it will be done a comparison with LTE, the technology nowadays used for multicast-grouping techniques. Thus, the specific parameters of each technology are going to be analyzed and a simulation software is going to be developed. Finally, the results from the above mentioned comparison will be shown, as well as an implementation of LDM in multicast-grouping technique.","Proiektu honen xedea LDM teknologiaren errendimenduaren azterketa egitea da, sare zelularretara eta ibilgailuen arteko komunikazioetara zuzenduta dauden multicast zerbitzuak transmititzeko. Helburu hori lortzeko, gaur egun taldekatze-tekniketan erabiltzen den LTE teknologiarekin konparaketa egingo da. Horretarako, teknologia bakoitzaren berezko parametroak aztertuko dira eta simulazioak egiteko software sistema berezia garatuko da. Azkenik, esandako konparaketatik lortutako emaitzak aurkeztuko dira eta LDM taldekatze-tekniketan inplementatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72630,2025-02-11,"The Fourth Industrial Revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, has brought about a significant transformation in the industrial world through the implementation of advanced technologies such as automation, artificial intelligence and the interconnection of systems. These innovations are primarily aimed at improving operational efficiency, reducing costs and raising product quality by eliminating repetitive tasks and leveraging real-time data analysis. In this context, the InterQ project, supported by the European Union, has emerged with the mission of revolutionizing measurement, prediction and control methods in industry, ensuring defect-free production through the use of artificial intelligence tools. As part of this ambitious project, the company ITP Aero has requested a feasibility analysis to develop a model for automatic error detection in aircraft casings. Using a camera, multiple snapshots of each corner of the casing were captured using different spectrums. The defects were previously marked and, with this project, the aim is to train a model that can automatically detect new defects. To this end, a development environment was created with a series of programs and scripts specifically designed to process image data. This environment facilitated not only data preparation, but also the training and evaluation of the chosen model: YOLOv5, selected for its simplicity and speed. As the project progressed, experiments were conducted that demonstrated a gradual but significant improvement in the results. This improvement was the result of multiple iterations, where data sets were continuously optimized and model hyperparameters were fine-tuned Despite time and resource constraints, the results obtained supported the feasibility of the project. There was steady improvement throughout the experimentation, suggesting that with more time and resources, even more outstanding results could be obtained. ITP Aero considered the project to be viable, albeit in need of further improvement. .","Laugarren Industria Iraultzak, 4.0 Industria izenez ere ezagutzen denak, eraldaketa sakona eragin du industriaren munduan, automatizazioa, adimen artifiziala eta sistemen interkonexioa bezalako teknologia aurreratuak ezarriz. Berrikuntza horien helburu nagusia da eraginkortasun operatiboa hobetzea, kostuak murriztea eta produktuen kalitatea handitzea, zeregin errepikakorrak ezabatzean eta datuen analisia denbora errealean aprobetxatzean. Testuinguru horretan, InterQ proiektua sortu da, Europar Batasunaren babesarekin, industrian neurtzeko, iragartzeko eta kontrolatzeko metodoak goitik behera aldatzeko, akatsik gabeko ekoizpena ziurtatuz, adimen artifizialeko tresnak erabiliz. Anbizio handiko proiektu horren barruan, ITP Aero enpresak bideragarritasun-azterketa bat eskatu du, hegazkin-karkasetan akatsak automatikoki detektatzeko eredu bat garatzeko. Kamera baten bidez, karkasaren txoko bakoitzeko hainbat argazki atera ziren, espektro desberdinak erabiliz. Akatsak aldez aurretik markatu ziren eta, proiektu honekin, akats berriak automatikoki detektatu ahal izango dituen modelo bat entrenatu nahi da. Horretarako, garapen-ingurune bat sortu zen, irudien datuak prozesatzeko berariaz diseinatutako programa eta script batzuekin. Ingurune horrek, datuen prestaketa ez ezik, aukeratutako ereduaren entrenamendua eta ebaluazioa ere erraztu zituen; YOLOv5 eredua, bere sinpletasun eta abiaduragatik hautatua. Proiektuak aurrera egin ahala, emaitzetan hobekuntza mailakatua, baina esanguratsua, erakutsi zuten esperimentuak egin ziren. Hobekuntza hori iterazio ugariren emaitza izan zen, non datu-multzoak etengabe optimizatu ziren eta zehaztasunez ereduaren hiperparametroak doitu ziren. Denbora eta baliabideak mugatuak izan arren, lortutako emaitzek proiektuaren bideragarritasuna indartu zuten. Esperimentazioan zehar etengabeko hobekuntza egon zen, eta horrek iradokitzen du denbora eta baliabide gehiagorekin emaitza are nabarmenagoak lor litezkeela. ITP Aero enpresak bideragarritzat jo zuen proiektua, baina hobekuntza gehigarrien beharrarekin izan zituen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14432,2015-02-17,"This paper describes a project that includes an analysis of the quality and the performance of the 4G networks today. This analysis is made considering different parameters such us physical level indicators, which are provided by the network o base stations, or measures of the quality perceived by the user. To perform this study a group of standards are previously defined for measuring the parameters studied in different areas of Bilbao. After obtaining the measures begins post-processing in which the findings and conclusions of the project is obtained.","Dokumentu honek 4G sareen kalitate eta etekinaren analisian oinarritutako proiektua deskribatzen du. Analisia mota desberdinetako parametroak erabiliz gauzatzen da. Alde batetik maila fisikoaren indikatzaileak daude, sareak berak edo 'oinarri estazioek' erraztuak eta beste alde batetik erabiltzaileak bereganatutako kalitatearen neurriak. Ikerketa hau burutzeko lehenago hainbat arau finkatzen dira Bilboko zonalde desberdinetan ikertu beharreko parametroen neurriak sortzeko. Behin neurriak eskuratuta prozesazioaren ondokoa hasten da, proiektuaren emaitza eta ondorioak eskuratzea ahalbidetzen duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58782,2022-12-14,"This paper addresses the management and development of talent in today's companies. On that basis, it shows the different definitions, theoretical models and practices that prevail in the doctrine, emphasizing the study of talent development itself, as well as the methods used for it. We proceed to analyze the organizational commitment that companies adopt with this discipline through a comparative empirical analysis between two companies from different sectors, but both located in the Basque Country.","Lan honen bitartez, talentuaren kudeaketa eta garapena gaur egungo enpresetan aztertzea bilatzen da. Abiapuntu horretatik, doktrinan gailentzen diren hainbat definizio, modelo teorikoak eta praktikak ikusiko dira; talentuaren garapenak eta hori lortzeko metodoak nabarmen berezia izango dute. Euskadin aurkitzen diren bi enpresen arteko analisi konparatibo baten bidez, gure inguruan talentuarekiko nolako konpromisoa hartzen den ikustarazteko baliagarria izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36841,2019-12-12,"The designof the model of Carola port crane is presented in this document, as well asits construction and control, using Lego Mindstorms NXT kit. This project has been carried out as End of Degree Work, done on the Department of Automation and Control.Throughout this documentits differentstages are described, as well as the design and control of the model, or the programmingof the controlsystem and the design of the PID controller. Besides, the project ́s budget has been added, also its conclusions.","Dokumentu honetan Carola garabiaren maketaren diseinua aurkezten da, baita honen eraikuntza eta kontrola ere, Lego Mindstorm NXT kit-az baliatuz. Proiektu hau Gradu Amaierako Lan-a izan da, Automatika eta Kontrol sailean egina. Dokumentu honetan zehar proiektuaren etapadesberdinak deskribatzen dira, hala nola maketaren diseinua eta kontrola, edota kontrol sistemaren programazioa eta PID kontrolagailuaren diseinua. Gainera, proiektuaren aurrekontua erantsi da, baita honen ondorioak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20019,2016-12-29,"The aim of this study is to determine whether the nursery classrooms consider the needs of students with inhalant allergies. In addition, to check whether schools have any protocol to address such students, because this illness is usually not considered significant at schools. For this, a teacher diagnosis was made and data on the structure of the classroom and on the action protocols were collected in 8 different centers of Biscay. The results, that have been obtained from observation have confirmed a lack of interest and care for the consequences of their hygienic conditions in the allergic children and almost absent of protocol of actuation with this type of students.","Ikerketa honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgeletan inhalazio motatako alergiak dituzten ikasleen beharrak kontutan hartzen den zehaztea izan da. Era berean, egiaztatu nahi izan da ea ikastetxeetan protokolorik duten ikaslego honentzat, ez baita gaixotasun adierazgarritzat hartzen. Horretarako, irakasle diagnostiko bat egin da eta Bizkaiko 8 ikastetxeetan ikasgelen egiturari eta jarduera-protokoloei buruzko datuak jaso dira. Behaketa tauletan lortutako emaitzek adierazi zuten ez dela ez kezkarik ez interesik aurkitzen bi alderdietan: garbitasun ohiturek izan ditzaketen ondorioetan eta patologia mota hau duten ikasleentzat dagoen protokolo gabezian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27910,2012,"Neo-processualism is not a paradigm to overcome classic processual archaeology by an optimistic guide-route, opposed to Post-processualism, but a defence of the epistemological basis characterized by the assumption of scientific and objective knowledge of a real past. In this paper I introduced three approaches to understand such shift in classical processualism and the acceptance of some critiques from postprocessual literature, especially the need for awareness of implications of archaeology in the contemporaneous society, those examples are the neo-processual basic definition by Domínguez-Rodrigo, the “Wittgestenian tool box” propose by Bintliff, and finally the Processual Plus definition by Hegmon . In the Ager Segisamonensis Survey Project (2009-2011) we have conducted a research whose aim is twofold, firstly we aim to understand the agrarian exploitation of landscape in the Iron Age/ Roman transition and secondly, to understand the formation process of the surface record. The last issue has been addressed with some of the M. B. Schiffer’s Behavioral Archaeology concepts, without neglecting the grasp of such process in a broader cultural context.","Neo-prozesualismoa ez da bide baikor desberdin batetik prozesualismoa ordezkatzera datorren paradigma, izaera zientifikoko ikerkuntzen bidez, iraganaren ezaguera objetiboa lortzea posiblea dela uste duen printzipio epistemologikoen defentsa baizik. Lan honetan, prozesualismo klasikoa gainditzeko eman diren hiru hurbilketa eta prozesual ondorengo pentsamenduaren elementu kritiko batzuen asimilazioa aurkezten dira. Ekarpen hauek hiru dira: Domínguez-Rodrigok neo-prozesualismoari emandako oinarrizko definizioa, Bintliff-ek proposatutako “herraminta kutxa Wittgestiniarra“ eta Hegmon-en Proccesual Plus-a. Azkenik, kontzeptu eta ikuskera prozesualen erabilera eta erabilgarritasunaren adibideak jarriko dira, alegia, eratze prozesuek duten interesa, adibidez, Ager Segisamonesis-aren (2009-2011) prospekzioaren kasua, non, paisaiaren ustiaketa ulertzeko ikerketa garatu den. Gai prozesual honetan erregistro arkeologikoaren eratze prozesuaren ulermena funtzezko helburua da. Horretarako, Michael B. Schiffer-en Behavioral Archaeology kontzeptua aztertzen da, ustiaketa prozesua testuinguru soziokultural zabalago batean ulertzea alderatu gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26059,1990,"Starting from the Piranesi ""Carceri"", the author thinks about the importance of the space and time, as well as the privative penalty of freedom in prisoners.","Piranesiren ""Carceri"" ak abiapuntutzat hartuz, egileak espazioak, denborak eta askatasun-gabetzaile penak espetxeetan dauden pertsoneengan duten garrantziaz hausnartzen du" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25869,2018-03-21,"In today's schools the number of students with violent behaviour is on the rise, contaminating the academic performance and the classroom atmosphere. In order to give a solution to the problem, an educational intervention to work on the resolution of conflicts in the classroom, with the intention of making an improvement in the students, has been carried out throughout this task. For that purpose, techniques for the resolution of problems and peaceful strategies have been undertaken. After all planned activities have been completed, it can be seen that significant changes have occurred. However, in spite of these changes, an enhancement for all students has not been achieved. Also, it must be taken into account that the changes related to personality occur in the long-term process.","Gaur egungo eskoletan ikasleek gero eta portaera bortitzagoa izaten dute, errendimendu akademikoa eta ikasgelaren giroa kutsatuz. Arazoari konponbide bat eman nahian, lan honetan gatazken kudeaketa ikasgelan lantzeko esku-hartze bat burutu da, ikasleengan nolabaiteko hobekuntza sortzeko asmoz. Horretarako, gatazkak kudeatzeko teknikak zein estrategia baketsuak gauzatu dira, eskolan elkarbizitza eredu onuragarria landuz. Izan ere, esku-hartzearen amaieran, ikasleengan aldaketa esanguratsuak sortzea lortu da. Hala ere, hobekuntza hori ez da ikasle guztiengan eman. Dena den, aintzat hartu behar da nortasunari dagokion aldaketak epe luzean izaten direla." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27967,2018-07-06,"The main objective of this study is to study poverty a social exclusion in the surroundings of Getxo. For this purpose, special emphasis will be placed on the possible differences that Getxo may have with the environment and will offer an approximation of the social reality of those who are at risk of poverty or social exclusion. Taking into account the scarcity of information about this phenomenon at the local level, the study will be based on different secondary data and the testimony of experts in the field.","Esku artean daukagun lan hau Getxoko pobrezia eta gizarte bazterketaren errealitatea aztertzea du ikerketa-xede nagusitzat. Horretarako Getxo testuinguruarekin izan ditzakeen bereizgarrietan jarriko dugu arreta, eta fenomeno hau pairatzeko arriskuan daudenen errealitateari hurbilpen bat eskainiko dugu. Kontuan hartuz udalerri mailan fenomeno honen inguruan dagoen informazio gabezia, datu sekundarioen ustiaketaren bidez eta zenbait adituen testigantzaren bidez saiatuko gara Getxoko errealitatearen gaineko ezagutza sortzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19344,2016-10-20,"Nowadays there exist different ways of attaching blades to the turbine-disks of a plane. It is extremely important to ensure they are correctly attached and their good behaviour during the flight. Because of that, it is essential to analyse the fatigue produced by the stresses that appear on that critique zone. And that is exactly the aim of this project. Two different kind of joints will be analysed: dove-tail and fir tree. The analysis will be made using the Ansys software, specifically, using the tool called Workbench. Therefore, the analysis that will be made is a Finite Element analysis. The project consists on the following. At first, there will be chosen the materials the blades and disks are made of. As different kind of materials can be used for those components, the most convenient one will be chosen according to the needs and interests. Then, there will be defined some geometries that have been found at Internet, specifying the dimensions of both elements. Once the geometry is finished, the meshing will be done. This step is indispensable in order to do a Finite Elements analysis. After that, it is necessary to simulate the operating situation. So the contacts, joints and loads need to be specified. And finally, the solution to the problem will be obtained and the results will be analysed. Moreover, the results obtained for each of the kind of joints will be compared, which will lead to determine the benefits and disadvantages of each of them.","Gaur egun, badaude turbina-besoak hegazkin baten turbinaren diskoetara atxikitzeko era desberdinak. Oso garrantzitsua da besoak turbinaren diskora ondo lotuta daudela ziurtatzea eta hegaldian zehar arazorik egongo ez dela bermatzea. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa da funtzionamenduan agertuko diren tentsioek eragindako nekea aztertzea; eta hori da hain zuzen ere proiektu honen helburu nagusia. Bi euskarri itxura desberdinen azterketa egingo da: dove-tail eta fir tree hain zuzen ere . Analisi hori Ansys deituriko software-aren bidez egingo da; konkretuki, Ansys softwarearen Workbench erreminta erabiliko da. Beraz, Elementu Finitu (EF) bidezko analisia egingo da. Lehenik eta behin, bai diskoaren baita turbina-besoaren materiala hautatuko da. Osagai hauek egiteko hainbat material ezberdin erabil daitezke, baina beharren arabera, material bat edo beste aukeratuko da. Ondoren, Interneten aurkitutako bi euskarri moten geometria definituko da. Beraz, eskuratutako planoak erabiliz, diskoaren eta turbina-besoaren kota eta dimentsioak zehaztuko dira. Behin geometria eratuta dagoela, mailaketari ekingo zaio. Eta horren ostean, funtzionamendu egoera simulatzeko beharrezko kontaktuak eta indarrak ezarriko dira. Azkenik, soluzioa lortuko da eta eskuratutako emaitzak aztertuko dira. Gainera, aztertutako bi kasuak konparatuko dira kasu bakoitzaren abantaila eta desabantailak lortzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29191,2018-10-22,"BBR is a new congestion control algorithm developed by Google. Instead of using packet loss as congestion signal, like many currently used congestion control algorithms, BBR estimates the available bandwith in bottleneck links in order to determinate its sending rate. It tries to provide high link utilization while avoiding queues creation in bottleneck buffers. The original publication of BBR shows that it can deliver superior performance in static environments compared to CUBIC TCP. In the absence of information about how it behaves in mobile environments, this project tries to evaluate the performance of BBR in LTE networks.","BBR Googlek garatutako kongestio kontrol algoritmo berria da. Kongestio seinale bezala paketeen galeran oinarritzen diren ohiko protokoloak ez bezala, BBR-k kanal erabilgarriaren gaitasuna estimatzen du, bidaliko den datu kantitatea zehazteko. BBR kanalaren erabilera hobetzen saiatzen da, gaitasun txikiko loturetan ilaren sorkuntza saihestuz. BBR-ren argitalpen originalak erakusten du, topologia estatikoan, TCP CUBIC bezalako ohiko protokoloen aurrean errendimendu hobeagoa duela. Ingurune mugikorretan BBR-ren portaerari buruzko informazio falta dela eta, proiektu honek, BBR-ren errendimendua LTE sareetan ebaluatzen ahalegintzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60267,2023-03-06,"Through this work it has been investigated the relationship between physical activity and academic performance in the subject of Mathematics in Primary Education children. 66 students from fourth, fifth and sixth grade students have participated. In this research, the level of physical activity of the students was analyzed by means of a questionnaire to obtain weekly MET (Metabolic Equivalent Task) amounts. These MET amounts have been categorized into 4 groups according to activity level: 1) weekly MET less than 625, sedentary students; 2) weekly MET between 625 - 1499, active students in measure; 3) weekly MET between 1500 - 2499, active students; and 4) weekly MET greater than 2499, very active students. On the other hand, the students' second semester grades in mathematics were taken into account to analyze the relationship between academic performance and the different categories of physical activity. The results show that 25% of the group of students are sedentary, this percentage being quite high. On the other hand, significant differences have been seen between the sexes regarding the amount of physical activity that they practiced. Even so, there have been no differences in the notes. Focusing on the relationship between physical activity and math grades, there have been observed significant differences between different categories created. Comparing the average grade in Mathematics between the different categories, it is clear that in the category with the most physical activity the average grade is one and a half points higher than among sedentary students. By making this comparison and a statistical analysis between the different groups, it can be concluded that the routine practice of physical activity favors academic performance in the subject of mathematics.","Lan honetan, jarduera fisikoaren eragina matematikako errendimendu akademikoan Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleetan duen eragina ikertu da. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren, seigarren eta bosgarren mailako 66 ikaslek parte hartu dute. Ikerketa honetan, Ikasleen jarduera fisikoaren maila jakiteko, galdetegi bat egin da, asteko MET (Metabolic Equivalent Task) kopuruak lortzeko. MET kopuru horiek 4 taldetan sailkatu dira, jarduera-mailaren arabera: 1) astero 625 MET baino gutxiago, ikasle sedentarioak; 2) 625-1499 MET bitartean, ikasle aktiboak neurrian; 3) 1500-2499 MET bitartean ikasle aktiboak; eta 4) 2499 baino gehiago, ikasle oso aktiboak. Bestalde, ikasleen matematika irakasgaiaren bigarren lauhileko notak kontuan hartu dira, errendimendu akademikoaren eta jarduera fisikoaren kategorien arteko erlazioa aztertzeko. Emaitzei erreparatuz, Ikusi da parte hartu duten ikasle taldearen %25,7a sedentarioak direla, kopuru hau nahiko altua izanik. Bestalde, sexuen arteko desberdintasun nabariak ikusi dira bakoitzak praktikatzen duen jarduera fisikoaren mailari dagokionez, hori bai, notei dagokionez sexuen artean ez da egon desberdintasun esanguratsuak. Jarduera fisikoaren eta matematikako noten arteko harremanetan zentratuz, sortutako kategoria desberdinen arteko desberdintasun esanguratsuak ikusi dira. Kategoria desberdinen arteko matematikako batazbesteko notak alderatzean, agerian gelditu da kategoria aktiboenean zeuden ikasleak batazbeste puntu bat eta erdi gehiago zutela kategoria sedentariaoan zeuden ikasleak baino. Taldeen arteko konparazio eta azterketa estatistiko hori eginez, ondoriozta daiteke jarduera fisikoaren ohiko praktikak matematikako ikasgaiaren errendimendu akademikoan ondorio positiboak dituela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23049,2013,"True forgiveness is a gracious gift from the offended to the perpetrator. Forgiveness is not oblivion, as the offense needs to be remembered in order to be forgiven. Reconciling with the offender can only make sense if there have been existing links between the victim and the offender. The power to forgive depends on the perception of offense, on the previous story, on the system of values and on the offender’s attitude. Forgiveness can have positive effects for the victim: not living tormented, breaking the yoke of the past, improving health, reconciling with oneself and recovering internal peace. At the same time, the pardon request to the victim by the offender requires recognition of the damage caused, regret, compassion for the victim and a request for indulgence, as well as some kind of amendment. This is the only way to eliminate emotional distress. Finally, and when the offense is a crime, the forgiveness from the victims cannot lead to the disappearance of the perpetrator’s legal responsibilities.","Benetako barkamena da ofendituak iraintzaileari egindako doako dohaina. Barkamena ez da ahaztea, barkatzeko ezinbestekoa baita irainaren oroitzapena. Iraintzailearekin adiskidetzeak zentzua dauka soilik biktimaren eta iraintzailearen artean aldez aurretik harremanak egon badira. Barkatzeko gaitasuna irainaren pertzepzioaren, aurreko historiaren, biktimaren balio-sistemaren eta bizitzaren ikuskeraren, eta iraintzailearekiko jarreraren araberakoa da. Barkamenak ondorio psikologiko positiboak izan ditzake biktimarentzat: oinazetan ez bizitzea, iraganaren zama kentzea, osasuna hobetzea, norbere buruarekin adiskidetzea eta barneko bakea berreskuratzea. Aldi berean, iraintzaileak biktimari barkamena eskatzeko egindako kaltea aitortu, damutu, biktimarekin errukitu eta induljentzia eskatu behar da, eta ordainen bat ere eskaini behar da. Horrela soilik lor dezake bizitako emozio-ondoezaren zama kentzea. Azkenik, iraina delitua izanez gero, biktimen barkamenak ezin du berarekin ekarri erasotzailearen legezko erantzukizunak desagertzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67707,2024-05-07,"In this Final Degree Project an investigation has been carried out to analyze whether the use of sports contexts is a motivating element for students of Primary Education towards mathematics. The research has been carried out by means of an intervention with 45 students of 5th grade of this stage. A collection of mathematical problems with sports contexts has been designed, among which the use of rural sports as an innovative element should be highlighted. The results are determined by the answers of the participating students to a questionnaire applied in the initial phase and to the same questionnaire carried out in the final phase of the intervention. In conclusion, it can be affirmed that the use of sports contexts, realistic information and information close to the students increases their motivation towards mathematics.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan ikerketa bat egin da, aztertzeko kirol-testuinguruak erabiltzeak Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleek matematikarekiko motibazioa handitu dezakeenentz. Ikerketa aurrera eramateko, etapa horretako 5. mailako 45 ikaslerekin esku-hartzea burutu da. Kirol-testuinguruak dituzten matematikako problemak diseinatu dira, zeintzuen artean herri-kirolak elementu berritzaile gisa erabili diren. Esku-hartzearen hasierako fasean aplikatutako galdetegi bati eta azken fasean aplikatutako galdetegi berari ikasleek emandako erantzunek osatu dituzte ikerlanaren emaitzak. Ondorio modura baiezta daiteke kirol-testuinguruak, informazio errealista eta ikasleengandik hurbil dagoen informazioa erabiltzeak haien matematikarekiko motibazioa areagotzen dutela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19630,2016-11-28,"This project has been proposed by Aholab Signal Processing Laboratory, belonging to the Department of Communications Engineering, located in the Faculty of Engineering of the University if the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). This work is defined in a project which began in 2011 [ASTIGARRAGA. A], with the objective of creating a robot able to improvising and singing verses (Bertsobot). To do this, colaborates the Association of the Friends of Bertsolaritza9 and three laboratories of the UPV/EHU: the group of Robotics and Autonomous Systems10, Ixa11 and Aholab12. The singing voice synthesizer created in this project is based on AhoTTS, the text to speech conversor of Aholab. AhoTTS generates spoken voice from a written text. In order to the voice can sing, the software must be adapted. On one hand, there are large differences between the features of the spoken voice and the singing voice, therefore it is necesary to inspect the signal generation process. On the other hand, the input of a singing voice is a music score, which contains text information (as the speech syntesizer) as well as melody information (fudamental frecuencies and duration of each sound). This project has as startpoint some previous works done in order to implement the mentioned adaptations. The goal of this work is solving the initial deficiences: improving the pronunciation of the synthetic voice in order to doing ir more comprehensible, solving issues of the transition between notes and facilitate the configuration of the melody. The tool proposed to achieve those goals is Pure Data, a visual programing language thought to create electronic music. The product of this project is a software able to obtain automaticaly the singing voice corresponding to a score. The developed system has been sent to the Singing Synthesis Challenge of Interpeech 2016 and it will be shown on September of 2016. The system is described on the article published on the proceedings of the conference [DEL BLANCO, E.]. 9 http://","Proiektu hau Aholabek proposatu du. Aholab UPV/EHUko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko Elektronika eta Telekomunikazio sailako seinale prozesamenduko laborategi bat da. Lan hau 2011 urtean sortu zen proiektuan oinarritzen da [ASTIGARRAGA. A], non bertsoak inprobisatu eta kantatzeko gai den robot bat (Bertsobot) egiten saiatu ziren. Horretarako parte hartu zuten Bertsozale elkartea5 eta EUP/EHUko hiru laborategi: Robotika eta Sistema Autonomoen Ikerketa taldea6, Ixa7 eta Aholab8. Proiektu honetan, Aholaben eginkizuna bertsoei ahotsa ematea da. Proiektu honetan sortutako ahots abeslari sintetizatzailea Aholabek sortutako hizketa-sintetizatzailea (AhoTTS) erabiliz egin da. AhoTTS hizketa-sintetizatzaileak ahots mintzatuta sortzen du testu idatzizko batetik. Ahotsak abestu ahal izateko derrigorrezkoa da softwarean moldaketa batzuk egitea. Alde batetik, ahots mintzatua eta ahots abestua ezaugarri oso desberdinak dauzkate. Hori dela eta, seinale sormen prozesua egokitu behar da. Beste alde batetik, kantu-sintetizatzaile baten sarrera partitura bat da, zeinek testuari (ahots mintzatuaren kasuan bezala) zein melodiari buruzko informazioa (frekuentzia fundamentalak eta soinuen iraupena) dauka. Proiektu honek abiapuntutzat dauzka aipatutako moldaketak inplementatzeko aurretiko lan batzuk. Lan honen helburua hasierako hutsuneak konpontzea da: sortutako ahots sintetikoaren ulergarritasuna hobetzea, noten arteko iragatea leuntzea eta melodiaren eraketa dinamizatzea da. Helburuak lortzeko Pure Data softwarea erabiltzea proposatzen da, musika elektronikoa sortzeko egindako programazio hizkuntza bisual bat. Proiektu honetan garatu da partitura baten melodia abesten duen ahots bat automatikoki sortu ahal duen software bat. Garatutako sistema Interspeech 2016 nazioarteko hitzaldiko Singing Synthesis Challengera bidali da, eta bertan aurkestuko da 2016ko irailean. Sistema kongresuko aktetan argitaratutako artikuluan deskribatzen da [DEL BLANCO, E.]. 5 http://" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22916,2017-07,"This project is based on the management, treatment and use of urban solid waste. It is a project for the management and reuse of solid bio-waste, carried out through cooperation between the School of Engineering of Bilbao and the University School of Engineering of Vitoria-Gasteiz, and financed in the framework of Innovation Projects For Sustainability UPV / EHU 2016. For the implementation of this project has been considered the cafeteria of the university centers as a point of collection of the majority of organic waste to be managed. The waste of the office rooms of the Department of Chemistry and Environment has also been incorporated, in the case of the School of Bilbao. This has required the involvement and coordination of the university community as PID, PAS, students and staff of the center. Plans for training, dissemination and monitoring of the project have been made and carried out, which have been indispensable for the proper development of the project. The system used for the management and reduction of organic solid waste has been the composting process, obtaining a final product, compost, which has been used in crops grown in the centers. The stages of the project range from choosing and acquiring material, to experimenting with pilot plants, composting plants, which have been placed in an urban orchard (in Vitoria) and in a space for placement, in the case of Bilbao. The process has been supervised and controlled weekly to guarantee the obtaining of compost with good final characteristics for the later crops. This interdisciplinary project aims to integrate a variety of knowledge, resources and tools in order to develop an innovative project that promotes sustainability and a circular economy, in which its foundations include sustainable development and protection of the environment. It is also expected to be a model to follow in the development of new projects that follow the same dynamic of environmental awareness, in universities and in different areas (other public institutions, industries or domestic) by promoting respect to the environment and to sustainable development.","Hiriko hondakin solidoen (HHS) kudeaketa, tratamendua eta ekoizpena aztergai dira Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan. Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolaren (BIE) eta Gasteizko Ingeniaritzako Unibertsitate Eskolaren (GIUE) arteko lankidetzaren bitartez burutua izan da proiektu hau, eta hondakin solidoen gestio eta berrerabilpenean datza. UPV/EHUko Iraunkortasunaren aldeko Berrikuntza Proiektuen alorrean finantzatuta dago, 2016ko deialdian. Proiektu honen ezarpenerako, kudeatu beharreko hondakin organiko gehienetarako bilketa-puntutzat unibertsitateen kafetegiak hartu dira. Halaber, BIEren kasuan, Ingeniaritza Kimikoa eta Ingurumena Saileko bulegoen hondakinak gehitu dira. Horretarako, unibertsitate-erkidegoaren, hala nola, PID, PAS, ikasleria eta langileen koordinazioa eta parte-hartzea beharrezkoak izan dira. Proiektuaren bideratze, hedapen eta jarraipen planak landu eta gauzatu dira, ezinbestekoak izan direnak honen garatze zuzenerako. Hondakin organiko solidoen kudeaketarako eta urritzerako erabili izan den sistema konposaketa prozesua da. Lortutako emaitza finala konposta izanda, azken hau unibertsitatean bertan garatutako laborantzetan erabili da. Proiektuaren etapak barne hartu dituzte bai materialaren hautaketa eta eskuratzea , bai esperimentazioa fabrika-pilotuetan, konpostagailuetan alegia. Azken hauek hiri-ortuan kokatu dira GIUEren kasuan; BIEn berriz, bere kokapenerako egokitutako eremu batean jarri dira. Behin instalatuta eta jardunean, prozesua astero ikuskatua eta kontrolatua izan da, azkeneko ezaugarri oneko konposta lorpena bermatzeko, ondorengo laborantzetarako. Diziplinarteko proiektu honekin askotariko ezaguera, baliabide eta tresnak osatu nahi dira, iraunkortasuna eta ekonomia zirkularra sustatzen duen proiektu eraberritzaile bat garatzeko xedearekin. Proiektuaren oinarrien barnean garapen iraunkorra eta ingurumenaren babesa aurkitzen dira. Era berean, ingurumenaren aldeko kontzientziazio dinamika jarraitzen duten proiektu berrien garapenerako eredu izatea espero da, hala unibertsitateetan nola esparru ezberdinetan (beste erakunde publikoak, industriak edo etxeko esparrua) ingurumenarekiko errespetua eta garapen iraunkorraren jakin-mina sustatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16192,2015-11-25,"The purpose of this project is to validate experimentally some models that characterize the behavior of a machine-tool drive by ball screws. This project comes as a response to an increasing problem of accuracy that has appeared in machine-tools with arcades or vertical long columns. For this, it is necessary to design a prototype of this machine-tool and design a computer model of 3 degree of freedom (with a numerical computing program and a simulator). This model must be validated by internal and external measurements in order to predict how a real column will act in predetermined conditions.",Proiektu honen helburua boladun torlojuaren erraminta makinariaren ekitearen jarrera erakusten duen eredu ezberdinak esperimentalki balioztatzea da. Proiektua hori hautematen doitasun makina-erreminta arkupeetan eta hainbat metroko zutabe bertikal batekin arazo bat betetzera dator. Hau beharrezkoa da makina-erreminta prototipoa eta 3-gradu askatasunaren zenbakia (programa eta simulagailu) diseinatzeko. Eredu honek kanpoko zein barneko neurrien balioztatu behar benetako zutabea aurretik zehaztutako kondizioetan administrari gisa iragartzeko. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54027,2021-11-23,"Nowadays, due to the continuous appearance of new technologies and control strategies, the problem of combining both for the development of new advanced control systems appears, in production processes and in applications in different areas. As control devices gain in performance, novel alternatives to existing techniques are offered. Proof of this is that the techniques from Intelligent Computing are gaining ground in the design of more robust and efficient controllers, in the analysis of information from processes or plants, or even in the optimization and decision-making processes. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to advance in the study of a control strategy based on intelligent techniques for a Twin-Rotor platform, simulating the control of a helicopter. This strategy has already been tested in monovariable systems (SISO) and it is proposed to make the leap to a multivariable system (MIMO).","Gaur egun sortzen ari diren teknologia berriak zein kontrol estrategiak direla eta, hauek konbinatzeko arazoak sortu dira kontrol sistema aurreratu berriak garatzerako orduan, produkzio prozesuetan baita arlo desberdinetako aplikazioetan ere. Kontrol gailuek errendimendua hobetzen duten heinean, teknika berriak eskaintzen dira. Hori egiaztatu da, Konputazio Adimenean parte hartzen duten teknikek indarra hartzen ari direlako, kontrolagailu sendoagoak eta eraginkorragoak diseinatzerakoan, lantegietako informazioa aztertzerakoan zein optimizazio edo erabakiak hartzeko prozesuetan. Ondorioz, lan honen helburu nagusia Twin-Rotor izeneko plataforma baterako adimen teknika ezberdinetan oinarritutako estrategiak ikertzea da, helikoptero baten kontrola simulatuz. Estrategia hau dagoeneko kontrastatu da sistema mono-aldagaietan (SISO). Azkenik, lan honekin lortu nahi dena sistema multi-aldagaietan (MIMO) erabiltzea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55037,2022-01-18,"The main objective of this Final Degree Project was to analyse the educational attention given to students with specific needs of educational support (SNES) in times of pandemic. The aim was also to find out how this situation has influenced these pupils. For this purpose, the interview was used as an instrument for the development of the work, and seven professionals from the field of education participated. The results showed that it has not been possible to provide a suitable educational response to students with SNES, and that the pandemic situation has influenced the personal and academic field of these students.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia pandemia garaian hezkuntza-laguntza berariazko premiak (HLBP) dituzten ikasleei eskainitako hezkuntza-arreta aztertzea izan zen. Halaber, egoera horrek ikasle horiengan izan duen eragina ezagutu nahi zen. Horretarako, lanaren garapenean elkarrizketa izeneko tresna erabili zen, eta hezkuntza arloko zazpi profesionalek parte hartu zuten. Emaitzek erakutsi zuten HLBPak dituzten ikasleei ezin izan zaiela hezkuntza-erantzun egokia eman, eta pandemia egoerak eragina izan duela ikasle horien eremu pertsonalean eta akademikoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25273,2001,"Minorities are a vulnerable sector, exposed to possible discriminations and/or abuses. The legal and medical assistance is a fundamental right, the Law 8/2000, of 22 December, that modifies the Law 4/2000, of 11 January, about rights and duties of the foreigners in Spain and its social integration, indicates that in articles 20.2 (judicial protection) and 12 (medical assistance). In order to exercise these rights, the professionals of the security must rely on a suitable support and on a framework of real institutional coordination.","Gutxiengoak sektore ahul bezala agertzen dira, diskriminazio edo eta neurrigabakeriaren zentru. Osasun eta lege laguntzak oinarrizko eskubideak dira gure legeriaren barruan, urtarrilaren 11-ko 4/2000 lege organikoa berraldatzen duen, abenduaren 22ko 8/2000 legeak hala jasotzen du 20.2. artikuluan (tutela judiziala) eta 12an (osasun laguntza). Eskubide horiek aldarrikatzeko, zihurtatzeko profesionalek laguntza jaso behar dute eta koordinazio instituzional baten barruan jokatu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24366,2011,"The main goal of this contribution is to make available critical information that could be useful in order to obtain a more accurate picture of the real situation of torture dealing with incommunicado detainees in relationship with ETA terrorist group under the enforcement of counterterrorist legislation. In particular data have been recorded for the period of time between 2000 and 2008, taking into consideration 957 (amongst the total figures of 1.231) detainees' allegations of torture / inhuman treatment. Up to 300 testimonies and judicial complains and more than 500 forensic reports have been gathered. This article describes the existence of allegations of torture / inhuman treatment and it s behaviour depending on different variable of the detainees such as sex, age, judicial situation, type of police that hold detainees in custody, place, year and motive of the arrest. Throughout this contribution those data are put in perspective with findings both of report s from different International Human Rights monitoring bodies and of empirical research available in the matter.","Lan honen helburu nagusia zera da: informazio-tresna osagarri bat eskaintzea, tortura-egoera zein den modu objektiboagoan argitze aldera, ustezko ETAkide atxilotu eta inkomunitatuei terrorismoaren aurkako legeria aplikatzerakoan. 2000 eta 2008 arteko aldian izan ziren 1.231 atxilotuetatik 957 atxilotuen torturari zein tratu txarrei buruzko alegazioen datuak jasot zen dira. Horretarako inkomunikatuen 300 salaketa eta lekukotza baino gehiagoren informazioa hustu da, baita 500 txosten mediku-forenseena ere. Ikerketan tratu txarren eta torturaren existentzia eta alegazioen ehunenekoak deskribatzen dira, baita tortura gertatzeko indikadoreak faktore bat zuen arabera: alegia, gorputz polizialaren, egoera prozesalaren, sexuaren, adinaren, urtearen, lekuaren eta atxiloketa egiteko motiboaren arabera. Lanean zehar emaitzak alderat zen dira giza eskubideetako erakunde ofizial zein ez-ofizialen kontrol-txostenen emait zekin baita Estatu mailan izan diren ikerketa enpiriko bat zuekin ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24346,2015,"Unlike other countries, the Spanish Catholic Church has neither carried out nor collaborated in investigations on sexual abuse in its different institutions. It has not established a specific service for victims either. Throughout this paper, and from a critical, cultural and positive victimological standpoint, we analyse the reasons that can explain this fact in relation to hidden and accumulated victimization. We offer the results of literature review, news and case-law content analysis and of questionnaires to experts and victims. We present some hypotheses regarding micro, meso and macro contexts favouring or inhibiting this kind of victimization in the last decades, as well as proposals for victim reparation and recovery. We offer the first conclusions of an on going research focused on victims’ testimonies which, although of great diversity, we find very similar to those of victims of other countries. We contend that these testimonies are an adequate source to understand the complex dimensions of this kind of victimization, as well as the starting point to react from a human rights perspective.","Beste herrialdeetan ez bezala, espainiar Eliza katolikoak ez du garatu bere erakundeetan gertatutako sexu-abusuei buruzko ikerketa zientifikorik; ezta haietan parte hartu ere. Biktimei arreta emateko berariazko zerbitzurik ere ez du ezarri orain arte. artikulu honen bidez, eta Biktimologia kritikoaren, kulturalaren eta positiboaren ikuspegitik, aipatutako fenomenoa azaltzen duten arrazoiak aztertuko ditugu ezkutuko eta metatutako biktimizazioa kontuan hartuta. Berrikuspen bibliografikoaren eta albisteen, jurisprudentziaren eta biktimei eta adituei zuzendutako galdeketaren erantzunen azterketaren ondorioak eskainiko ditugu. Horrela, honako hauek aztertuko ditugu: azkeneko hamarkadetan aipatutako biktimizazio mota erraztu edo galarazi duten mikro, meso eta makro testuinguruei dagozkien zenbait hipotesi eta biktimei behar bezalako erreparazioa emateko eta horiek osatzeko proposamenak. Hein handi batean biktimen beren lekukotasunetan oinarritutako ikerketaren lehen urratsa da. aniztasun handia egon arren, aipatutako biktimak beste herrialdetako biktimen oso antzekoak dira. Aipatutako lekukotasun horiek ezinbesteko iturriak dira eragindako kaltearen alderdi konplexuak ulertzeko eta giza eskubideetan oinarritutako erantzuna emateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57125,2022-08-02,"INGELESA This project proposes the development of technology base don acoustic emission sensors to optimize the detection of the contact gap in grinding. The treatment of the acoustic signals has been deepened by developing an algorithm in Matlab to analyze them and determine the idea filtering parameters for a correct reading. Experimental tests have been carried out, both diamond dressing and grinding, maintaining low feed rates and combining different rotational speeds with reduces pass depths to characterize the variation of the emitted signal.","EUSKERA Proiektu honetan, emisio akustikoko sentsoreetan oinarritutako teknologiaren garapena planteatzen da, artezketa arloan interesgarria den kontaktu detekzioa optimizatzeko asmoz. Seinale akustikoen tratamenduan sakontzeko, hauek aztertzeko eta hauen irakurketa zuzena bermatzen duten iragazpen parametroak zehazteko, algoritmo bat garatu da Matlab-en. Diamantaketa zein artezketa saiakuntza esperimentalak burutu dira, aitzinapen abiadura baxuak mantenduz eta biraketa abiadura ezberdinak iraganaldi sakonera murriztuekin konbinatuz seinalearen aldakuntza karakterizatu nahian." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/71298,2021-07,"This article synthesizes the theoretical contributions that feminist criticism has made on authorship. Although Roland Barthes advocated the «death of the author» in 1968, the article argues that feminist criticism and recent research on authorship offer new views to rethink authorship. The article reflects on the relationship between authorship and the body, as well as on the characteristics of the autofiction as genre. These concepts are key to proposing an interpretation of the novel A glass eye (2013) by Miren Agur Meabe. The article proposes that Meabe’s novel poses a new embodied authorship through autofiction.","Artikulu honek kritika feministak egiletasunaz egindako ekarpen teorikoak jasotzen ditu. Roland Barthesek «egilearen heriotza» 1968an aldarrikatu bazuen ere, artikuluan argudiatzen da kritika feministak eta egiletasunaren inguruko ikerketa-lerroek egiletasuna birpentsatzeko tresnak eskaintzen dituztela. Egiletasunaren eta gorputzaren arteko harremanaz hausnartzen da, baita autofikzioak genero gisa dituen ezaugarriez ere. Kontzeptu teoriko horiek Miren Agur Meaberen Kristalezko begi bat (2013) nobela interpretatzeko gakoak dira. Artikuluak proposatzen du Meaberen eleberriak, autofikzioa erabiliz, egiletasun gorpuztu berri bat plazaratzen duela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26213,1994-12,"Present beats of society against certain minorities, including immigrants, are analysed, together with the generated demand for public order. Moreover, problems suffered by members of this group are explained regarding accusations of crimes against them.","Gaur egungo gizartean gutxiengo batzuen kontrako, inmigranteak barne, sortutako pulsioak eta hauek sorrerazten duten orden publikoaren eskaria aztertzen dira. Halaber, ekintza kriminalen leporatzeagatik kolektibo honetako kideek jasandako arazoak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46923,2020-10-15,"The growth of energy demand has led to overexploitation of conventional primary energy sources, leaving the use of renewable energies in the background. Climate change and other harmful effects are a direct or indirect consequence of the current energy system. Among these conclusions is, for example, the increase in fuel prices suffered over the last decade. Taking into account the speed of development of climate change, we can appreciate that reducing emissions is necessary. Given that the industry uses around 30-70% of the final energy produced, the efficiency of these processes would have to be improved to the maximum. In this sense, heat waste recovery technologies have been the main method for reducing fuel consumption, reducing released emissions, and improving productive efficiency. As has been shown, the industry occupies a large part of the total energy used in the world. In addition, a high percentage of this total energy used is wasted as heat emissions without any practical use. Approximately 60% of these emissions are considered heat waste at low temperature. As explained below, the most suitable technology for the recovery of these low quality heat residues is the ORC. This is very similar to the Rankine cycle, but in this case instead of using water as a working fluid, it uses an organic working fluid with a lower boiling point. On the other hand, although ORC systems are suitable for the recovery of industrial heat residues, they are also useful for transforming energy from renewable sources into electricity, among others. Once the installation potential for ORC configurations is very high, it becomes a very interesting option to comply with the restrictions imposed by the European Union (EU).","Eskari energetikoaren hazkuntzak energia primario konbentzionaleko iturrien gehiegizko ustiatzera eraman du, energia berriztagarrien erabilera bigarren plano batean utzita. Aldaketa klimatikoa eta kaltegarriak diren bestelako efektuak, gaur egungo sistema energetikoaren zuzeneko edo zeharkako ondorioak dira. Ondorio hauen artean adibidez, azken hamarkadan jasandako erregaien prezioaren igoerak. Aldaketa klimatikoaren garatze abiadura kontuan izanda, 〖CO〗_2 emisioen murrizketa beharrezkoa dela ikus daiteke. Jakinda industriak, energia erabilera finalaren %30-70 bat inguru erabiltzen duela, prozesu hauen efizientzia ahal bezain beste hobetu beharko ziren. Zentzu honetan, bero-hondarrak berreskuratzeko teknologiak izan dira erregaiaren kontsumoa murriztu, askatutako emisioak murriztu eta produkzio efizientzia hobetzeko metodo nagusia. Azaldu den bezala, industriak munduan erabilitako energia totalaren zati handi bat betetzen du. Gainera, erabilitako energia total horren portzentaje handi bat bero emisioak bezala kanporatuak izaten dira, inongo erabilera praktikorik gabe. Emisio hauen %60 bat inguru tenperatura baxuko bero-hondarrak bezala kontsideratzen dira. Aurrerago azalduko den bezala, kalitate baxuko bero-hondar hauek berreskuratzeko teknologia aproposena ORC da. Hau Rankine zikloaren oso antzekoa da baina, kasu honetan lan-jariakina bezala ura erabili ordez, lurruntze tenperatura baxuagoa duen lan-jariakin organiko bat erabiltzen du. Bestalde, ORC sistemak bero-hondar industriala berreskuratzeko aproposak izan arren, erabilgarriak dira ere iturri berriztagarrietatik lortutako energia elektrizitatean bihurtzeko, beste batzuen artean. Behin ikusita ORC konfigurazioentzako instalazio potentziala oso altua dela, oso aukera interesgarria bihurtzen du Europar Batasunak (EB) ezarritako murrizketak betetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15850,2014-06-30,"This thesis is devoted to the optimization of the biomass pyrolysis process for the simultaneous production of bioreducing agents and high value gases. The thesis is part of the existing collaborative research work between the Befesa Steel R&D S.L. Company and the Chemical and Environmental Engineering Department of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. This company was interested in developing the pyrolysis process at large scale to produce biocoke to be used as reducing agent in some of their industrial plants. In order to obtain pyrolysis solids useful as reducing agents in metallurgical processes, a slow pyrolysis process at high temperatures is required. In order to obtain high value gases, it is necessary to perform a second catalytic step for pyrolysis vapors upgrading by cracking and reforming so that tars are eliminated and H2/CO is maximized. Most of the pyrolysis experiments were carried out in an installation (swept with N2) composed of two reactors connected in series: a first non-stirred batch 3.5 L pyrolysis reactor, where 100 g of biomass are pyrolyzed, and a second 0.5 L tubular reactor, where the pyrolysis vapors upgrading takes place. The biomass samples used for this study were selected and provided by Befesa Steel R&D S.L. and consisted in two woody biomass samples: olives residues and eucalyptus. These biomass samples, as well as the pyrolysis solid, liquid and gases products, have been thoroughly characterized by means of the following techniques: proximate and ultimate analyses, constituents analysis, Py-GC/MS-FID characterization, higher heating value determination, GC/MS for the liquids and GC/TCD-FID for the gases. Four main types of studies have been carried out in this thesis work: (1) Study of the appropriate operating conditions for the simultaneous production of biocoke and high quality gases. With this aim, the effect of the heating rate (3-20 °C min-1) and temperature (600-750 °C) of the first pyrolysis reactor, as well as the influence of the temperature and catalysts of the second reactor were studied. (2) A comparative study of the effectiveness of different catalysts for the pyrolysis vapors upgrading (cracking and reforming). The following catalysts were tested: two homemade Ni/Al2O3 catalyst modified with CeO2 and ZrO2, two commercial zeolites (HY and HZSM5) doped with Ni and without doping, and a commercial catalyst (Katalco 57-4Q) also based on Ni and widely used in industry for steam reforming. (3) Evaluation of the suitability of biocokes as reducing agents for metallurgical applications. For this to be possible, surface area and porosity measurements, as well as reactivity tests of the biocokes with CO2, were carried out. The properties of the biocokes were compared with those of commercial reducing agents used in non-ferrous metallurgical processes (metallurgical coke, petroleum coke and anthracite) which were provided by Befesa Zinc Aser S.A. Company. Finally, as a consequence of the differences on the pyrolysis results obtained with different shipments of the olives samples, a comparative study of the influence of the type of biomass on the pyrolysis yields and products was carried out.","Doktorego Tesi honen helburua biomasa pirolisi prozesuren optimizazioa da, agente bioerreduzitzaileak eta balio erantsi handiko gasak ekoizteko. Tesi hau Befesa Steel R&D S.L. enpresa eta Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko Ingeniaritza Kimikoa eta Ingurumenaren Ingeniaritza Sailak ikerketa arloan duten hartu-emanean kokatzen da. Enpresa honen helburuetako bat bere metal ez-burdinazko enpresetan erabiltzeko agente bioerreduzitzaileak (biokokea, sintesi gasa) ekoizteko prozesu bat garatzea da. Biokokeak (biomasa pirolisi-solidoak) metalurgia prozesuetan agente bioerreduzitzaile moduan erabilgarri izan daitezen, tenperatura altuko pirolisi motelak burutu behar dira. Balio erantsi handiko gasak (sintesi gasa) ekoizteko pirolisi-lurrunak balioztatu behar dira mundrunak ezabatuz eta H2 eta CO produkzioa igoz. Hau lortu asmoz, urrats katalitiko bat erabili behar da. Pirolisi esperimentu gehienak elkarren segidako bi erreaktoreez osatutako instalazio batean egin dira: lehenengoa 3.5 L-ko pirolisi-erreaktore bat da, bertan 100 g biomasa pirolizatzen direlarik; bigarrena pirolisi-lurrunak balioztatzen diren 0.5 L-ko hodi-erreaktore bat da. Tesi honetan erabilitako biomasa laginak Befesa Steel R&D S.L. enpresak aukeratutako bi biomasa lignozelulosiko ezberdin izan dira: olibondoen inausketa hondakinak eta eukaliptoak. Biomasa laginak, pirolisi-solidoak, -likidoak eta -gasak honako teknika hauen bidez karakterizatu dira: bat-bateko analisia, analisi elementala, osagaien analisia, Py-GC/MS-FID karakterizazioa, goi bero ahalmenaren determinazioa, GC/MS kromatografia pirolisi-likidoentzat eta GC/TCD-FID kromatografia pirolisi-gasentzat. Lau ildo ezberdin jarraitu dira doktorego tesi hau burutzerakoan: (1) Lehenengoa, biokoke eta balio erantsi handiko gasen ekoizpenerako prozesu baldintza egokienak ezartzea izan da. Horretarako, pirolisi-erreaktoreko berotze-abiadura (3-20 °C min-1) eta tenperaturaren (600-750 °C) efektua, eta hodi-erreaktoreko tenperatura eta katalizatzaileen eragina aztertu dira. (2) Bigarren ildoa, pirolisi-lurrunak balioztatzeko erabili diren katalizatzaileak konparatzean datza: CeO2 eta ZrO2-az moldaturiko bi Ni/Al2O3 katalizatzaile, nikelaz dopaturiko eta dopatu gabeko bi zeolita komertzial (HY eta HZSM5), eta nikelean oinarrituriko katalizatzaile komertziala (Katalco 57-4Q). Azken hau industria mailan ur lurrunaren bidezko erreformatuetan oso erabilia da. (3) Hirugarren ildoan aplikazio metalurgikoetan biokokeak agente erreduzitzaile bezala erabiltzeko duen gaitasuna aztertu da. Horretarako, biokokeen azalera eta porositate neurketak, eta erreaktibotasun-frogak egin dira. Biokokeen propietateak Befesa Zinc Aser S.A. enpresak ez-burdinazko prozesu metalurgikoetan erabiltzen dituen koke komertzialekin (koke metalurgikoa, petrolio-kokea eta antrazita) alderatu dira. (4) Azkenik, jasotako olibondoen lagin desberdinekin lortutako pirolisi emaitzetan aurkitutako ezberdintasunak direla eta, biomasa-motaren eragina aztertu da pirolisi-errendimendu eta produktuetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22945,2017-09,"This degree ending job is about the study of the different insulation materials most of them used for the energetic rehabilitation of buildings, to finally obtain a comparative table with the best choice for each situation. In order to do this job, each compound and the impacts that it generates on human health and environment is classified, through a scoring system; and finally, obtain a comparative results so as to be able to obtain the best solution for each situation.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan eraikinen birgaitze energetikoetan gehien erabiltzen diren material isolatzaile ezberdinak aztertuko dira, azkenean konparaketa-taula bat lortzeko soluzio egokienarekin. Lan hau aurrera eramateko, konposatu bakoitza eta honen inpaktua giza osasunean eta ingurumenean aztertuko da, puntuaketa sistema batekin; eta horrela azkenean, konparaketa-emaitzak lortuko dira eta modu honetan, egoera bakoitzean egokiena den soluzioa hartuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37049,2019-12-19,"The Basque companies have developed from a secondary sector to a tertiary sector of the economy, in which more and more professionals with high educational level and specialization like engineers are required. One of the branches increasing the most is the tourism industry, due to the cost decrease and the universalization of the transport. Bilbao is one of the cities that is becoming famous in that sector and therefore it has to fulfil the lack of rooms. The idea comes from the increasingly touristic and business interest in the city of Bilbao and the most ambitious urban development project of the last years that offers a magnificent opportunity to set up a hotel establishment in an area focused in culture, education and business. To start this project the lack of accommodation, business and restaurant necessities will be taken into consideration to analyse the economic and financial performance.","Euskal enpresen egitura industria sektoretik eboluzionatu da zerbitzu-sektorera, horregaitik gero eta profesional gehiagok eskatzen dute ingeniaritzat hezkuntza eta espezializazio maila altuarekin. Hazkunde azkarrenetako bat turismoaren sektorea izan da, bidaiatzearen kostua txikitu eta garraioa unibertsalizatu delako. Bilbo da horrelako jardueretan protagonismoa hartzen duen hirietako bat, eta, beraz, hotel gelen beharrak asetu behar ditu. Lan hau egiteko ideia Bilboko hiriari buruzko interes turistiko eta korporatiboaren hazkundetik dator. Gainera azken urteetako hiri garapen handienean kokatuko da, aukera bikaina da establezimendu kultural, hezkuntza eta negozioetara bideratutako eremu batean kokatzeko. Proiektu hau abiarazteko kontuan hartuko dira ostatu, negozio eta jatetxe beharrak, proiektu honen ekonomi eta finantza etekina aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25617,1993,"The problem about women and their children in prison is tackled. Moreover, it presents the situatlon they go trough, the assistance they receive and the action and intervention programmes in Penitentiary Centres.","Giltzapean dauden emakumeek eta beraien seme-alabek dauzkaten arazoei buruz mintza· tzen da. Halaber, haien egoera, ematen dizkieten laguntzak eta presondegietan bi kolektibo hauekin burutzen diren esku hartze eta egintzaren egitasmoak aztertzen dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17666,2016-03-16,"The main objective searched by this work is to know the practice based on the equality of the teachers. In order to obtain that, and taking into account some author´s contributions, we have analyzed which should be the schools´ and its teachers’ function to promote the disappearance of the role stereotypes. We have also carried out a diagnosis in an Infantile Education classroom, using the no participative investigation as a method, and we have done some interviews and analyzed some documents too. With all of that, we have obtained our conclusions thinking that this work could be helpful in the way to improve the coeducation and the equality.","Lan honekin bilatu nahi izan dugun helburu nagusia irakasleek generoaren berdintasunean oinarritzen duten bere jardun praktika ezagutzea izan da. Horretarako, hainbat adituren hitzak kontuan izanik, eskolek eta bertako irakasleek genero estereotipoen desagerpenean betetzen duten funtzioa aztertu dugu eta diagnostiko txiki bat egin dugu, Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean ikerketa ez-parte hartzaile bat aurrera eramanez eta zenbait elkarrizketa eta dokumentu analizatuz. Lortutako emaitza eta datuekin ondorioak atera ditugu lan hau, etorkizunera begira, hezkuntza hezkidetzailea lortzeko lagungarria izango delakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55039,2022-01-18,"Nowadays, more and more twins are being schooled in Basque schools, so more and more families and educators are faced with the decision of how to school twins. Faced with this, there are two options: schooling the twins in the same classroom or schooling the twins in different classrooms. This study reflects the effects that one or the other option may have on twins. In addition, the recommendations for classroom action by educators in each case are specified. In order to bring the schooling of twins closer to our reality, several educators, families and twins from Basque schools have participated in this study and have answered different questions. The results of the questionnaires, although the separation between schools is promoted, conclude that families tend to school twins in the same classroom.","Gaur egun, gero eta biki gehiago eskolatzen dira euskal ikastetxeetan. Horrenbestez, gero eta guraso eta hezitzaile gehiagok bikiak nola eskolatu erabakiari aurre egiten diote. Horren aurrean, bi aukera daude: bikiak gela berean eskolatzea edo bikiak gela desberdinetan eskolatzea. Lan honetan, aukera batek zein besteak bikiengan izan ditzakeen eraginak islatzen dira. Halaber, hezitzaileek kasu bakoitzaren aurrean ikasgelan jarduteko gomendioak zehazten dira. Bikien eskolatzea gure errealitatera hurbiltzeko asmoarekin, euskal ikastetxeetako hainbat hezitzailek, familiek eta bikik ikerlan honetan parte hartu dute eta galdera desberdinei erantzun diete. Galdetegien emaitzetan, eskolen artean bereizketa sustatzen bada ere, familiek bikiak gela berean eskolatzeko joera dutela ondorioztatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23195,2017-07,"This thesis is bound to show which are the different energy rehabilitation techniques that exist nowadays in construction, as well as to analyze the diverse materials that are normally used in these structural solutions. Taking into account the development of the building sector over the last decades, in addition to the change that the legislation related to that has undergone during this period, this dissertation also emphasizes that it has become increasingly more necessary to carry out measures to improve the energy efficiency of both new and existing buildings. Apart from that, innovative techniques and uncommon materials are proposed for future applications in order to create a continuous improvement system in terms of thermal efficiency in the construction sector.","Lan honen helburua gaur egun eraikuntzan existitzen diren birgaitze energetikorako teknikak aurkeztea eta teknika horietan erabili ohi diren isolamendu materialak analizatzea da. Kontutan hartuz eraikuntzaren sektoreak azken urteetan jasandako bilakaera eta sektore horrekin erlazionatutako legediak pairatutako aldaketak, lan honek argi uzten du neurriak hartu behar direla eraikuntzen eraginkortasun energetikoa hobetzeko, eraikuntza berrien zein dagoeneko existitzen direnena. Honetaz aparte, birgaitze teknika eta material berritzaileak proposatuko dira, eraginkortasun energetikoa hobetzea bilatuko duen sistema jarrai bat eratzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14605,2014-09-11T08:09:26Z,"This Bachelor thesis analyzes the internationalization process and the marketing strategy carried out by the Biscayan industrial cooperative Batz. The purpose of this analysis has been to assess the way the company has performed in relation with both aspects throughout its trajectory. The first chapter is devoted to introduce some theoretical aspects about the internationalization of companies and marketing strategies. Once the main traits regarding the cooperative have been analyzed, the following chapters deal with the internationalization process and the marketing strategy followed by the firm. Based on the analysis carried out, the conclusions show that the cooperative has followed an internationalization process in which the consistence between the challenges of the moment and the answers given must be emphasized. Those answers have always been accompanied and supported by correct marketing decisions.","Lan honen helburua Batz Bizkaiko kooperatiba industrialak jarraitu duen internazionalizazio prozesua eta erabilitako marketin estrategia aztertzea izan da. Horren bidez, enpresak bere ibilbidean aipatutako bi alderdien inguruan izandako jokabidea ebaluatu nahi izan da. Lana, enpresen internazionalizazioari eta marketin estrategiei buruzko zenbait alde teoriko aipatuz hasten da. Aztergai den kooperatibaren ezaugarri esanguratsuenak aztertu ondoren bigarren kapituluan, hirugarrenean eta laugarrenean enpresak jarraitutako nazioartekotze prozesua eta marketin estrategia, hurrenez hurren, jorratu dira. Egindako azterketatik ondorio hau atera dugu: enpresak jarraitu duen internazionalizazio prozesuan zehar aurre egin beharreko erronken eta horiei emandako erantzunen artean izandako koherentzia nabarmentzen da; halaber, erantzun horiek marketineko erabaki zuzenen laguntza eta babesa izan dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26323,1988,"United Nations main minimun rules about juvenile delinquents are commented in this article, giving emphasis to the point of view of the rules most related to social welfare. The backwardness of the Spanish legal system is also pointed out.","Delitugile gazteen aldetik Nazio Batuek dauzkaten gutxienezko arau nagusienak aipatzen dira, ongizate sozialarekin zerikusia dutenak gailendurik. Bestetik, espaniar legekiaren atzerapena egiaztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29971,2017-06-19,"The aim of the following work is to approach the influence of the media on violence against women. This type of violence involves two basic aspects: on the one hand, education, as essential base for the creation of culture; on the other hand, means of communication, like a powerful tool for informal education. Therefore, the work is split into two main parts: the theoretical part, where we are talking about violence against women and the impact of the media in society; the empirical study, where we are going to analyse three main targets: firstly, analyse five self-regulatory codes for the treatment of violence against women in the media; secondly, know the points of view of professionals in this topic; thirdly, through the corpus we have created for this project, analyse how deal this subject the four best-selling newspapers in Gipuzkoa. It is of fundamental concern to carry out this kind of investiga-tion because, as far as we know, this kind of violence is a social problem for our society as well as for the rest of the world, which is present throughout all over the countries, cultures and social classes","Lan honen helburua, hurbilpen bat egitea izango da komunikabideek emakumearen aurkako indarke-rian duten eraginaren inguruan. Indarkeria mota honetan, garrantzitsuak diren bi alderdik hartzen duten parte: alde batetik, hezkuntza dago, kultura bat eraikitzen den funtsezko oinarri modura; beste-tik, komunikabideak daude, hezkuntza informalerako tresna boteretsuena. Lan hau egiteko bi atal nagusitan banatu da: alde batetik, atal teorikoa, non emakumearen aurkako indarkeria eta komuni-kabideek gizartean duten inpaktuaren inguruan hitz egingo da. Bestetik, atal enpirikoa, non hiru hel-buru nagusi hartuko diren jomugan: lehenengoa, bost komunikabidek emakumearen aurkako indar-keria modu egokian tratatzeko dituzten autoerregulazioa kodeak aztertzea; bigarrena, gaian adituak diren zenbait pertsonaren ikuspegiaren berri izatea; hirugarrena, lanerako sortu dugun corpus baten bitartez, Gipuzkoan gehien saltzen diren lau egunkariek emakumearen aurkako indarkeriaren ingu-ruko albisteak nola tratatzen dituzten aztertzea. Gai hau gaurkotasun handikoa da eta ezinbestean ikertu beharrekoa, izan ere, jakina da indarkeria mota hau, gure gizartearen nahiz mundu osoko gizarteen arazoa dela, lurralde, gizarte mota eta klase sozial guztietan agerpena duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25436,1999,"Jean Pinatel distinguished person of the international Criminology has dedicated his life to this science. In this article, as an homage, after pointing out the elements that have marked the trajectory of this eminent criminologist, it is made an exam of all his large oeuvre, his scientific publications, his work at different activities, proving his success in the theory as well as in the practice. In this way, it is explained his concept about the criminal personality and his contribution to the clinical Criminology.","Nazioarteko kriminologiako garrantzitsuenetakoa den Jean Pinatel-ek, bere bizitza, zientzia honi eman dio. Artikulu honetan eta omenaldi modura, kriminologo honen lanak bideratu dituzten elementuak oroitu ondoren, bere lanaren, bere publikazio zientifikoen eta hainbat aktibitateetan egin dituen ikerketen ibilgune bat egiten da, teorian eta praktikan izan duen kausitzea azalduz. Bide batez, pertsonalitate kriminalari buruzko adierazpena eta kriminologia klinikoak beregatik jaso dituen ekarpenak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62946,2023-07-03,"This study addresses the road safety of Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMV) and bicycles in San Sebastian, analyzing their impact on urban mobility and the challenges they entail. Firstly, it delves into the theoretical framework of urban mobility, addressing various aspects such as the evolution of these means of transportation in our society or the importance of promoting sustainable and accessible transportation options for all citizens. Subsequently, different current regulations are examined at both national and local levels, and a thorough analysis of accident rates in Donostia is conducted, including variables such as the year or months, days of the week, and hours of the day with the highest probability of accidents, the types of accidents and their causes, the roads, locations, or vehicles involved, and personal aspects of the victims such as the age groups to which they belong, among others. Based on these analyses, the proposal is made to develop a municipal ordinance adapted and updated to the needs of the residents, and various complementary proposals are presented to effectively address accident rates.","Lan honek Mugikortasun Pertsonaleko Ibilgailuen (MPI) eta bizikleten bide-segurtasuna jorratzen du Donostian, hiri-mugikortasunean duten eragina eta horiek dakartzaten erronkak aztertuz. Lehenik eta behin, hiri-mugikortasunaren esparru teorikoan sakontzen da, eta hainbat alderdi jorratzen dira, hala nola garraiobide horiek gure gizartean duten bilakaera edo herritar guztientzako garraiobide iraunkor eta irisgarriak sustatzearen garrantzia. Ondoren, gaur egun indarrean dauden hainbat araudi aztertzen dira, bai maila nazionalean, bai tokiko mailan, eta Donostiako istripu-tasari buruzko azterketa sakona egiten da, honako aldagai hauek barne hartuta: urtea edo hilabeteak, asteko egunak eta istripuak gertatzeko aukera handiena dagoen eguneko orduak, istripu motak eta horien arrazoiak, tartean diren bideak, lekuak edo ibilgailuak, eta istripua izan dutenen alderdi pertsonalak, hala nola haien adin-taldeak, besteak beste. Azterketa horietan oinarrituta, biztanleen beharretara egokitutako eta eguneratutako udal-ordenantza bat garatzea proposatzen da, eta zenbait proposamen osagarri aurkezten dira istripu-tasari eraginkortasunez heltzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67808,2024-05-09,"This study examines the identity narratives of girls who arrived in the Basque Country from China through adoption between 2000 and 2005. From the mid-1950s until a few years ago, international adoption has been steadily increasing, helped by globalisation. Spain became the world's second largest host country in 2004, and the presence of adopted Chinese girls in Hego Euskal Herria, especially in Gipuzkoa, increased considerably. As these adoptees approach adolescence and adulthood, support for the construction of complete and positive identities becomes urgent, as adoption, especially when interracial, poses challenges in building identity narratives. This work includes a theoretical approach and in-depth interviews with both adoptees and an expert. From these conversations have emerged topics of discourse for the positive integration of adoption into the identity narrative, such as knowledge of the adoption process, mourning of abandonment or the integration of races and cultures. Key topics have been worked out. Thus, this work seeks to provide adopted persons with tools and proposals for building positive identities.","Ikerlan honek 2000 eta 2005 artean adopzioaren bitartez Txinatik Euskal Herrira iritsitako nesken identitate narratibak aztertzen ditu. 1950eko hamarkadaren erdialdetik aurrera zabaldu zenetik duela urte gutxi batzuk arte, nazioarteko adopzioak etengabeko igoera izan du, globalizazioarekin areagotu dena. 2004an Espainia munduko bigarren harrera herrialdea izatera iritsi zen, eta Hego Euskal Herrian, Gipuzkoan batez ere, neska txinatar adoptatuen presentzia asko handitu zen. Adoptatu horiek nerabezarora eta helduarora hurbiltzen ari diren heinean, nortasun osatu eta positiboak eraikitzeko laguntza premiazkoa bihurtzen da, adopzioak, batez ere arraza artekoa denean, identitate-narratibak eraikitzeko erronkak baitakartza. Lan honek jorraketa teorikoa eta adoptatuekin zein aditu batekin izandako sakoneko elkarrizketak biltzen ditu. Solasaldi horietatik identitate-narratiban adopzioa positiboki integratzeko diskurtso gaiak atera dira, hala nola adopzio prozesuaren ezagutza, abandonuaren dolua edo arraza eta kulturen integrazioa. Gai bakoitzaren barruan gakoak diren topikoak landu dira. Horrela, lan honen bitartez adoptatuei identitate positiboak eraikitzeko tresna eta proposamenak eskaintzea bilatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75427,2025-11-05,"This project focuses on the study of the grinding process, specifically cylindrical oscillating grinding. The main objective is to evaluate the influence of different cutting parameters on process performance in order to gain a deeper understanding and facilitate the achievement of the client’s desired outcomes. This, in turn, aims to optimize the validation phase within the commercial process of selling cylindrical grinding machines. To achieve this, a specific methodology has been established to define which parameters will be varied and which variables will be measured. The approach is based on a series of tests designed specifically for this purpose. During the trials, power consumption and normal grinding force will be measured, as well as the final surface quality of the machined parts. Based on the collected data, a critical analysis will be carried out, resulting in a qualitative guide on the influence of each parameter on key aspects such as part quality, energy consumption, and applied grinding force.","Proiektu hau artezketa prozesuan oinarritzen da. Zehazki, artezketa zilindrikoaren joan-etorriko modalitatean. Helburu Nagusia ebaketa-parametro desberdinek prozesuaren errendimenduan duten eragina ebaluatzea da, horrela prozesuaren ulermen sakonagoa lortzeko eta bezeroak espero dituen emaitzak errazago lortzeko. Honek lagundu egiten du artezketa-makinen salmenta-prozesuko baliozkotze-fasea optimizatzen. Helburu hori betetzeko, metodologia zehatz bat ezarri da, non zehazten den zein parametro aldatuko diren eta zein aldagai neurtuko diren. Estrategia hau diseinatu diren entsegu multzo batean oinarritzen da. Saiaketetan zehar, alde batetik, kontsumitutako potentzia elektrikoa eta sortutako indar normala neurtuko dira; bestetik, mekanizatutako piezen azken kalitatea ebaluatuko da. Bildutako datuak oinarri hartuta, analisi kritiko bat egingo da, eta horren bidez parametro bakoitzak piezaren kalitatean, energia-kontsumoan eta prozesuan zehar aplikatutako indarrean duen eraginari buruzko gida kualitatibo bat osatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36530,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the main of this project is to provide larger capacity to the sanitary drainage system and, consequently, avoid the legal and environmental issues that are causing the spill of untreated sewage water to the river. In order to retain that water, the calculation of the volume of storage that has to be supplied to Gorordo’s stormwater detention tank is tackled. The tank is sized based, on one hand, on the flow of sewage water and rainwater that is collected from the sanitation network, and, on the other hand, on the treatment capacity of the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Mungia. The information has been obtained by the calculation of water supply per habitant for the sewage water flow, by the Rational Method for the rainwater flow and by the SCS Hydrograph for the volume calculation. According to the obtained result, it is concluded the need of setting up a stormwater detention tank with a volume of 8550 , beside of the pumping station of Gorordo. This tank will work as an extension of the current one and it will prevent all discharges into the Butrón river. Therefore, the sanitation improvement of the basin will be achieved.","Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua Butroiko saneamendu-sarearen ahalmena handitzea da eta honen bidez, tratamendu gabeko hondakin-uren isurketak sortzen dituzten lege eta ingurumen arazoak saihestu. Arestian aipatutako ur horiek atxikitzeko, Gorordoko ekaitz-tankeak izango duen edukiera kalkulatuko da. Deposito-ontzia dimentsionatzeko kontuan hartzen dira, alde batetik, sarean jasotzen den hondakin-ur eta euri-ur emariaren kalkulua eta, bestetik, Mungiako hondakin-ur araztegiaren tratamendu ahalmena. Datu horiek lortu dira biztanle bakoitzeko ur zuzkiduraren kalkuluaren bidez hondakin-ur emarirako, Metodo Arrazionalaren bidez euri-ur emarirako eta SCS Hidrogramaren bidez bolumena kalkulatzeko. Lortutako emaitzaren arabera, 8550 -ko edukiera izango duen ekaitz-tanke baten beharra dagoela ondorioztatzen da, Gorordoko ponpaketa-estazioaren ondoan, gaur egun dagoen deposituaren handipen gisa lan egingo duena eta Butroi ibaira doazen isurketa guztiak saihestuko dituena, arroaren saneamenduaren hobekuntza ekarriz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37071,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the “Wireless Comunication” term refer to technologies than can maintain a connection or data transfer among several devices without the use of wires. Currently, wireless technologies have become indispensable tools in for the development of our personal and work lives. These technologies are so normalized that we hardly notice about their different uses, capacities or advantages that they can offer us. On the one hand, between the most used technologies we can highlight some types such as Wi-fi, Bluetooth, Radiofrequency, in addition to the mobile technology. Those are the technologies that we recognise most. On the other hand we can mention other technologies that are not appreciated as much as the popular mentioned above. We are talking about ZigBee. All of them are going to be the main topic of this research. Making a real comparison between these technologies is the aim of this final thesis. We will make different tests in order to have proves of their capacities and to see how they reaction is in some situations.","Laburpena: “haririk gabeko komunikazioa” terminoa, hainbat gailu konektatzen dituen haririk gabeko teknologiari erreferentzia egiten dio. Gaur egun, haririk gabeko teknologiak ezinbesteko tresna bihurtu dira gure lan eta bizitza pertsonala garatzeko. Teknologia horiek hain estandarizatuta daude, zeinetan ozta-ozta konturatzen garen eskaintzen dituzten erabilera eta abantaila desberdinez. Gehien erabiltzen direnen artean, WI-FI, Bluetooth, Radio Frecuency (RF) edo telefono mugikorren sarea bezalako teknologiak nabarmentzen dira, hauen artean ohikoenak diren eta gehien ezagutzen direnak izanik. Beste alde batetik, aurrekoen bezain entzunak ez diren teknologiak ere azpimarratu ditzakegu, geroago, lan honetan zehar sakonago aztertuko diren objektuak izango direnak. Hain zuzen ere: ZigBee-ez hitz egiten ari gara. Haririk gabeko teknologia benetako konparazioa gauzatzea lan honetako helburua da, non eskala ezberdinetan probak egingo diren eta haien ezaugarrien arabera errendimendu hobea emango lukeen egoerei erantzuna emateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25921,2018-03-22,"After analyzing the process of teaching English, the aim of this FDP is to study the wealth of literary resources as fundamental educative tools to teach English in the Pre-Primary classroom. Besides, these resources are useful to work emotional education with children. In this paper, different literary tools are shown as ideal to implement English in a Pre-Primary classroom . Finally, a real didactic intervention carried out in a five-year-old group is analized; through it teaching English and management of the fears in Pre-Primary are joined by storytelling.","Ingelesaren irakaskuntzaren prozesua aztertu ondoren, GAL honen xedea ingelesaren irakaskuntzan baliabide literarioen aberastasuna aztertzea da, oinarrizko heziketa tresna gisa Haur Hezkuntzako gelan. Halaber, baliabide horiek haurren hezkuntza emozionala lantzeko balio dute. Lanean tresna literario ezberdinak agertzen dira, Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgelan atzerriko hizkuntza ezartzeko egokiak direnak. Amaitzeko, bost urteko gelan burututako esku-hartze didaktiko erreala analizatzen da, zeinetan ingelesaren irakaskuntza nahiz haurren beldurren kudeaketa ipuinaren bidez lotzen diren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30297,2018-12-12,"Inglés The objective of this final Project is the drafting of a complete Project, including all the documents that integrate a civil Engineering project. The documents would be the Report, Annexes, Plans, Health and safety Study, General Specifications and Budget. This Project enclose the design, calculation and execution of an industrial warehouse for the storage of construction machinery. The building is located in the Sestao Bai industrial estate, in Sestao (Bizkaia). Throughout the project, distinct fields will be covered in order to comply with current regulations and that the industrial warehouse is technically viable, such as the study of the metallic structure, the design of the facilities or others.","Euskera Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua proiektu oso baten elaborazioa da, Ingenieritza zibila proiektu bat egiteko kontuan hartu behar ditugun dokumentu guztiak barne hartuta Dokumento horiek izango lirateke: Memoria, Eranskinak, Planoak, Segurtasun eta Osasun ikerketa, baldintza-agina eta aurrekontua. Proiektu horrek eraikuntza makinak metatzeko industria-nabe baten diseinua, kalkulua eta egitea barneratzen du. Nabe horrek Sestaoko “Sesta Bai” industrialdean kokatuta egingo litzateke. Proiektuaren garapenean zenbait arlo ezberdin barne hartzen ditu: metal-egiturari buruzko ikerketa, instalazioaren diseinua edota beste batzuk; indarreko legea betetzeko helburua kontuan izanda eta industria-nabea teknikoki bidegarria izan dadin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23048,2013,"The aim of this work is to provide particular points of reference for the creation of the victimal justice. The analysis particularly refers to three main aspects: the probation performance of the disruptive interaction which involves the perpetrator and the victim; the incidence of the passage of time in the declaration of legal significance occurred; and finally, the predicable features of a fair process for the perpetrator and the victim.","Lanaren xedea da gogoetarako elementu jakin batzuk eskaintzea, biktimekiko justizia eraikitzeko. Zehazki, analisia hiru alderdi nagusitara mugatzen da: biktimarioa eta biktima tartean sartzen dituen interakzio disruptiboaren kontaketaren gauzatze frogagarria; gertutakoaren esanahi juridiko-penalaren aitorpenean denbora-igarotzearen gertakaria, eta, azkenik, biktimarioarentzat eta biktimarentzat bidezko prozesu baten ezaugarri predikagarriak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20959,2017-03-16,"The educational systems based on the use of the textbook have now a new resource which is not the traditional paper made textbook: the digital textbook. Even though this device might bring innovation and intellectual wealth, there are also movements that go against it. In order to understand reality, the textbook needs to be wholly analyzed and what is more, compared with the traditional textbook. Apart from that, it wanted to be exposed how the Basque Country lives this digitalisation. Taking into account the results of the research, it is concluded that we are in front of a slightly successful or poorly designed digitalisation. In the main, the digital material does not exploit enough the resources and the publishing houses have a really limited offer.","Testuliburuaren erabilera oinarritzat duten hezkuntza sistemetan, paperezko testuliburu tradizionala ez den errekurtso berri bat dago eskuragarri: testuliburu digitala. Tresna honek berrikuntza eta aberastasuna ekar ditzakeen arren, badira kontra egiten dioten joerak ere. Errealitatea zein den ulertzeko, testuliburu digitala bere osotasunean aztertu behar da, baita testuliburu tradizionalarekin alderatu ere. Horretaz gain, Euskal Herriak digitalizazio hau nola bizi duen adierazi nahi izan da. Emaitzak kontuan izanik, erdimailako edo landu gabeko digitalizazio baten aurrean gaudela ondorioztatu da. Orokorrean, merkatuko material digitalak ez ditu baliabideak behar haina aprobetxatzen eta argitaletxeen eskaintza mugatua da, bereziki estatu mailan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25903,2018-03-22,"This Final Degree Project is a qualitative research whose aim is to know and understand the treatment given to death and mourning in Primary Education. In order to do that, contributions of some authors have been compiled and analysed about attachment, mourning and the way of helping children in mourning, among other topics. In addition, to examine the subject ethnographic procedures and tools have been used. The main conclusion of the project is that in the analysed school death is put aside. Moreover, teachers show insecurity and discomfort before facing the topic and act intuitively in the situations that happen in relation to it.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Lehen Hezkuntzan heriotzari eta doluari ematen zaien trataera ezagutzea eta ulertzea helburutzat duen ikerketa kualitatiboa da. Horretarako, hainbat egileren ekarpenak bildu eta aztertu dira atxikimenduari, doluari eta dolu prozesuan dauden haurrak laguntzeko moduari buruz, besteak beste. Horrez gain, gaia aztertzeko prozedura eta tresna etnografikoak erabili dira. Lanaren ondorio nagusia behatutako eskolan heriotza baztertzen dela da. Gainera, irakasleek segurtasunik eza eta ezinegona agertzen dute gaiaren aurrean eta horri lotuta sortzen diren egoeretan intuizioz jokatzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29242,2018-10-23,"In this project the design and simulation of a photovoltaic installation is shown, which is capable of supplying energy to a single family and separated from the gridhouse in Orduña. The aim is that it becomes energetically independent, being at the same time amortizable in the medium term. The tools used for calculations and simulations are Microsoft Excel and PVsyst programmes. The theoretical basis is the bibliography obtained from the “Máster Universitario en Integración de las Energías Renovables en el Sistema Eléctrico” taught in the EIB.","Urduñan saretik isolatuta dagoen etxebizitza familiabakar bat hornitu dezakeen sistema fotovoltaiko batendimentsionaketaeta simulazioa aurkezten dira GALhonetan. Independentzia energetikoa lortzea da helburua, instalazioa epe ertainera amortizatzea posible den era berean. Kalkuluak eta simulazioak egiteko Microsoft Excel eta PVsyst programa informatikoak erabiliko dira. Oinarri teorikoa EIB-en irakasten den “Máster Universitario en Integración de las Energías Renovables en el Sistema Eléctrico""." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14071,2015-01-19,"Tales are resources used in children`s everyday lives and their educative function is inarguable. However, when it comes to gender equality, the function of tales and their illustrations becomes questionable, since they have traditionally transmitted gender stereotypes and they have a significant influence on their gender role socialization. The purpose of this study was to find out whether contemporary illustrations still transmit gender stereotypes and if they provide new and diverse gender role patterns. From this premise, the current research analyzes three illustrated tales, using qualitative research methodology. The conclusions reveal that steps forwards have been made towards gender equality, although some stereotypes still remain in a more subtle way.","Ipuinak haurren egunerokotasunean erabiliak diren baliabideak dira eta hauen funtzio hezitzailea ukaezina da. Hala ere, genero berdintasunari dagokionez, ipuinek eta bertako irudien funtzioa eztabaidagarri bihurtzen da, tradizionalki genero estereotipoak transmititu dituztela eta genero jendarteratzean duten eragina kontuan izanik. Lan honetan, beraz, gaur eguneko ilustrazioek iruditegi parekideago bat sortzera bidean, genero estereotipoak transmititzen jarraitzen duten eta emakume eta gizonen eredu berriak eta anitzak eskaintzen dituzten aztertu da. Premisa horrekin, ikerketa kualitatibo baten bidez, irudiz hornituriko hiru ipuin aztertu dira. Emaitzak aztertuta, ondorioek, irudietan parekidetasuna sustatzeko aurrerapausoak egin direla argitu dute, oraindik ere zenbait estereotiporen aztarnak nabariak diren arren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58318,2022-11-11,"In light of the United Nations Convention, made in New York, of 13 December 2006, on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, a new legal regime of capacity has been established. Spain incorporated the Convention into its legal system resulting in a major legislative reform through Law 8/2021, of 2nd of June, which amends civil and procedural legislation to support persons with disabilities in the exercise of their legal capacity. Taking into account the legislative reform and from the perspective of disabled people who are holders of rights likely to be exercised, the constitution and dissolution of the marriage bond are analyzed in this work.","2006ko abenduaren 13ko New Yorken egindako Nazio Batuen Hitzarmenaren harira, ezintasunen bat duten pertsonen eskubideei buruzkoa, gaitasun-araubide juridiko berria ezarri da. Espainiak bere ordenamendu juridikoan txertatu zuen Hitzarmena, eta ondorioz, legegintza-erreforma handi bat egin da, ekainaren 2ko 8/2021 Legearen bidez, desgaitasunen bat duten pertsonei beraien gaitasun juridikoa gauzatzen laguntzeko legeria zibila eta prozesalak aldatzen dituena. Lege-erreforma hau kontuan hartuta eta balia daitezkeen eskubideen jabe diren ezinduen ikuspegitik, ezkontza-loturaren eraketa eta desegitea aztertzen dira lan honetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19552,2016-11-17,"This study begins with the development of the concept of innovation and sustainable innovation, which incorporates social and environmental values. It follows studying the role of the engineer in the innovation process, as well as the tools and methods available to integrate in it the values required for sustainable innovation. And finally, it is introduced the case study, the development of new refrigerant for mobile air conditioning systems and the methodology Value Sensitive Design. This methodology is applied to see how the values of sustainable innovation and the interest of every stakeholder have been integrated within the process.","Lan honen hasieran berrikuntzaren kontzeptua garatuko da, eta ostean, gizartearen eta ingurumenaren erakarpenak integratzen dituen berrikuntza jasangarria azalduko da. Prozesu honetan ingeniariak duen lana eta eskuragarri dituen metodoak eta tresnak ere deskribatu dira, edozein berrikuntza jasangarria izan dadin. Kontzeptu horiek aplikatu ahal izateko, gaur egungo kasu bat aukeratu da; hots, aire girotuen sistema mugikorretan erabiltzeko dagoen konposatu hozgarri baten kasua. Value Sensitive Desing metodologia aplikatu ostean, berrikuntza jasangarriaren balioak eta parte-hartzaile guztien interesak nola integratu diren kasuaren prozesuan ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59720,2023-02-07,"The increasing energy demand and so, the use of fossil fuels to obtain energy has significantly contributed to greenhouse gas emissions. These gases are responsible for climate change, which is making society, scientific community and political organisations search for possible solutions to decarbonise atmosphere and fight climate change. One of the most popular options is green hydrogen, which together with renewable energies has potential to change the current system based in fossil fuels to a sustainable one. This way, in this work, green hydrogen storage is studied carried out by LOHC system technology. This system is based in the catalytic reversibility of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions. We focus on the hydrogenation of benzene toluene molecule in presence of different catalyst in a batch reactor. Furthermore, we will take into account the selectivity and hydrogenation rate of the different catalyst so we reduce the amount of noble metals and therefore the economic cost and environmental impact","Energia eskariaren igoerarekin batera, energia lortzeko erabili ohi diren erregai fosilak, atmosferara berotegi efektua areagotzen duten gasen isurketa nabarmentzea eragin du. Gas hauek Lur planetaren klima aldaketaren arduradunak dira. Bestalde, gizartea, komunitate zientifikoa eta lurreko atmosfera deskarbonizatzeko irtenbideen bila dabiltzan erakunde politikoak kezkatuta daude egoera honegatik. Helburu hori lortzeko baliabide fidagarri bat hidrogeno berdea da, energia berriztagarriekin batera, erregai fosiletan oinarritutako egungo sistema aldatzeko ahalmena duelako. Horregatik, lan honetan, LOHC sistemen teknologiaren bidez hidrogenoaren biltegiratzea aztertzen da. Sistema hau hidrogenazio eta deshidrogenazio erreakzioen itzulgarritasun katalitikoan oinarritzen da. Bi erreakzioetan, funtzio etena duen erreaktore batean, katalizatzaile ezberdinen bidez benzil tolueno molekularen hidrogenazio-erreakzioa aztertuko da. Gainera, katalizatzaileen hautakortasuna eta kasu bakoitzean lortutako hidrogenazio-maila hartuko dira kontuan, metal nobleen edukia gutxiagotzen, horrela, kostu ekonomikoak baita ingurumen-inpaktua ere murriztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50164,2021-02-12,"This work includes an intervention with sixth grade students. The aim is to praise the importance of the coeducation by analysing some of the songs that they listen to in their free time and to foster a critical attitude towards them. To carry it out, a series of activities based on march 8 has been designed for the children, from a totally qualitative perspective. The work also includes different conclusions such as the contradictions that educational laws have from the LOGSE Law, the need to work on coeducation.","Lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako seigarren mailako ikasleekin egindako esku-hartze bat aurkituko duzue. Helburua hezkidetzaren garrantzia azpimarratzea da ikasleek entzuten dituzten zenbait abestiren mezuak identifikatuz eta aztertuz baita hauen aurrean izan beharreko jarrera kritikoa bultzatzea. Esku hartzearen abiapuntua Martxoak 8 izanda, ikasleekin egiteko zenbait jarduera diseinatu eta aztertu dira ikuspegi kualitatiboa erabiliz. LOGSE legetik gaur egunera arte legeek duten kontraesanen bat, hezkidetzaren lanketaren beharrizana eta antzerako beste zenbait ondorio ere jasotzen ditu lanak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19884,2016-12-19,"This final Project presents a study and analysis of indicators of the quality of business (QoBiz) based on eTOM framework, in the field of telecommunications services. It is intended to progress in the study of QoBiz management model that is defined in the Master Thesis “Definición de un modelo para la gestión de la calidad de negocio (QoBiz) en los servicios de telecomunicación” (Cristobo, 2013). Specifically, the study will be focused on the Management field, which is the least developed in the above mentioned Thesis. Thus, different standars and frameworks used today in the business world will be analyzed in order to choose the most important processes in the field in question, allowing us to select most relevant quality and performance indicators in order to complete the QoBiz management model.","Gradu bukaeraren lan honetan negozioaren kalitatearen (QoBiz) adierazleen ikerketa eta analisia aurkezten da, eTOM markuan oinarritua telekomunikazioaren arloan. QoBiz-aren kudeaketarako Masterraren Tesian bereizita dagoen ereduaren azterketan aurrera egitea du helburu, “Definición de un modelo para la gestión de la calidad de negocio (QoBiz) en los servicios de telecomunicación” (Cristobo, 2013). Hain zuzen ere, lan hau enpresa kudeaketaren arloan zentratuko da, gai hau aurretik aipatutako tesian gutxien garatutakoa delarik. Beraz, gaur egungo enpresa munduan erreferentzia testuinguru desberdinak eta estandarrak aztertzen hasiko da, geroago prozesu garrantzitsuenak hautatzeko tratatutako eremuan, era honetan, kalitatearen eta jardueren adierazle garrantzitsuenak hautatzeko aukera emango du, QoBiz ereduaren kudeaketa osatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14386,2015-02-10,"Nowadays, 3D printing is presented as a promising technology that offers new development opportunities in the biomedical field, either as a complementary tool in education, training and medical research, or in the design and manufacture of medical devices. Currently, its main benefit resides in the field of rapid prototyping. This technology allows the design and manufacture of objects with a wide variety of shapes with defined and controlled micro- and macro- structures at competitive cost. The aim of this work is focused on the development of prototypes made from 3D printers based on the use of biodegradable and/or biocompatible polymers. However, as a first step, it is necessary to characterize the physical and thermal properties of the polymer, as well as to establish the relationship between the parameters of the 3D printer and the properties of the final structure and quality. For this purpose, the raw material employed in this work was polylactide (PLA), which is widely used in the design of devices for bone fracture fixations (screws, pins,plates, etc.) and in tissue engineering.","Hiru dimentsioko inprimaketa etorkizun handiko teknologia bezala azaltzen zaigu gaur egun. Esate baterako, biomedikuntza arloan aukera berritzaileak ekar ditzake, baina baita hezkuntza, heziketa eta ikerketa munduetan ere. Teknologia berri honen abantailarik nagusiena prototipatze azkarrean datza, eta honi esker, mikro- eta makro- egitura definituak dituzten objektuak diseinatu eta fabrikatu daitezke modu lehiakorrean. Lan honen helburua 3D inprimagailu baten bitartez inprimaturiko polimero biobateragarri eta biodegradagarrietan oinarrituriko ereduen garapen eta fabrikazioan datza. Hala ere, lehenik eta behin, lehengaiak bai fisikoki eta bai termikoki karakterizatu behar dira, ondoren, 3D inprimagailuaren parametroen arteko erlazioa ezarri, eta azkenik, produktu finalaren egitura propietateak eta kalitatea aztertu. Aipaturiko lana aurrera eramateko erabili den materiala polilaktida (PLA) izan da, zeinen erabilera oso zabaldua dagoen medikuntza arloan inplante (torloju, iltze, plaka eta abar) moduan eta ehun ingeniaritzaren munduan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41358,2020-02-20,"The main aim of the present Degree Final Project is to investigate the use of the school garden as an educational resource in Elementary Education. For that, after collecting information from different sources related to the school garden, a survey has been designed, which has been offered to the schools that are included in The School Agenda 21 and in the STEAM project’s formation of the province of Biscay. In addition, and with the objective of focusing research on Early Childhood Education, it has deepened the analysis dedicating more time at a single school. With the results obtained it has tried to define the situation with the goal of helping the development of the use of the school garden as an educational resource.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Oinarrizko Hezkuntzan eskola-baratzeak hezkuntza-baliabide gisa duen erabilera ikertzea da. Horretarako, eskola-baratzearekin erlazionatutako iturri desberdinetako informazioa bildu ostean, galdetegi bat diseinatu da, zeina Eskolako Agenda 21 eta STEAM proiektuaren formakuntzan parte hartu duten Bizkaiko baratzedun ikastetxeei bidalita izan den. Horrez gain, eta ikerketa Haur Hezkuntzara bideratzeko asmoz, analisian sakondu da ikastetxe bakar bati denbora gehiago eskainiz. Lortutako emaitzekin egoera definitzen saiatu da eskola-baratzeak hezkuntza-baliabide gisa duen erabileraren garapenean laguntzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25255,2002,"The Andalusian Interuniversity Institute of Criminology (Section of Malaga) has elaborated for the Commissioner for the Drugs Addictions of the Junta of Andalusia, some reports about the legal viability of a set of initiatives addressed to drug addicts, like the Program of attention to drug addicts by means of the controlled delivery of heroin. Such reports conclude that the different programs would not have legal prohibitions whenever they fulfilled certain characteristics. In this way, it is explained how the harm reduction programs can be integrated into the effective legal order.","Kriminologiako Institutu Interunibertsitario andaluzak (Malagako sekzioak) Andaluziako Batzarrak drogen mandatariarentzako diktamin ezberdinak landu ditu. Diktamin horiek droga kontsumitzaileei bideratutako programei buruzkoak dira. Adibidez heroinaren administrazio kontrolatuaren programak. Programa hauek diotenez, programa hauek ez lukete legeen galerazpenekin oztopatu behar hainbat ezaugarri beteko balituzte behintzat. Honela, ulertu daiteke min eta arriskuak gutxitzeko programak eramateko modua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72819,2025-02-18,"This Final Degree Project analyses the measures envisaged in the legislation for the promotion of employment of people with disabilities, focusing on the measures for the ordinary labour market and their implementation instruments and analysing the impact on the employment of people with disabilities as a consequence of the crisis caused by the pandemic. The employment situation of people with disabilities is then analysed quantitatively, looking at the evolution of unemployment, employment and activity rates, analysing the data corresponding to the recruitment of people with disabilities.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek desgaitasuna duten pertsonen enplegua sustatzeko legediak aurreikusten dituen neurrien analisia burutzen du, lan-merkatu arrunterako neurrietan eta haien betetzerako tresnetan zentratuz eta pandemiak eragin duen krisialdiaren ondorioak desgaitasuna duten pertsonen enpleguan izan duen eragina aztertuz. Ondoren, desgaitasuna duten pertsonen lan-egoera kuantitatiboki aztertu da, langabezia-, okupazio- eta jarduera-tasen eboluzioa begiratuz, desgaitasuna duten pertsonen kontratazioari dagozkion datuak analizatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60869,2023-04-21,"Through this work we will approach alternative sports as useful and equally unknown. In addition to carrying out a bibliographical review of alternative sports, the aim of this work has been to analyze the knowledge and interest of students of the Basic Secondary Education courses of Aiaraldea in the alternative sport Artzikirol. Another objective of the work has been to analyze whether the development of a didactic unit of Artzikirol influences the knowledge and interest in Artzikirol and alternative sports. Finally, the aim was to promote the heritage of the Basque Country, the knowledge of alternative sports and interest in them. For this purpose, a questionnaire on alternative sports was carried out before, after and after a month of carrying out a didactic unit of the alternative sport Artzikirol to the girls and boys of 2nd and 3rd of ESO (Compulsory Secondary Education) of the school of Nuestra Señora de La Antigua, located in Orduña (Vizcaya). In this way, through Artzikirol they have approached different pedagogical influences, such as affective, cognitive and relational ones. Significant results have been obtained since they have developed a greater knowledge of alternative games after the execution of the didactic unit (UD; P = 0.04; Effect size, ET, 0.12). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the knowledge of Artzikirol sport (P = 0.73), and the effect size was low between the values before and after the UD (ET = 0.001). As for its practical application, although the work is carried out in the 3rd year of ESO, it can be carried out in all ESO courses with some variations.","Lan honen bitartez hain erabilgarriak eta era berean ezezagunak diren kirol alternatiboetara hurbilduko gara. Kirol alternatiboen eta zehazki Artzikirolaren inguruko berrikuspen bibliografiko bat egiteaz aparte, lan honetan Aiaraldeko Derrigorrezko Bigarren Hezkuntzako (DBH) 2. eta 3.mailako ikasleek Artzikirolaren inguruan duten ezagutza eta interesa aztertu nahi da. Lanaren beste helburu bat Artzikirolaren unitate didaktiko bat aurrera eramateak Artzikirolaren eta kirol alternatiboen inguruko ezagutza eta interesean eraginik duen aztertzea izan da. Bukatzeko, Euskal Herriko ondarea ezagutu, kirol alternatiboen ezagutza bultzatu eta hauen inguruan interesa piztea ere izan du helburu lan honek. Horretarako, Urduñan (Bizkaia) kokatuta dagoen Antzinako Andra Mari ikastetxeko DBH-ko 2. eta 3.mailako kirol alternatiboen inguruko galdera-sorta pasa zaie Artzikirol kirol alternatiboaren unitate didaktiko bat aurrera eraman aurretik, ondoren eta hilabete batera. Modu honetan, Artzikirolaren bitartez eragin pedagogiko ezberdinak jorratu dituzte, hala nola, afektibo, kognitibo eta erlazionatzekoa. Joko alternatiboen inguruko ezagutza handiagoa garatu dute unitate didaktikoa (UD) gauzatu ondoren (P=0.04; Efektuaren tamaina, ET, 0.12) UD-aren aurreko ezagutzarekin konparatuz ET ertaina izan zelarik. Bestalde, Artzikirolaren inguruko ezagutzari dagokionez ez da ezberdintasun esanguratsurik eman (P=0.73) eta UD aurreko eta ondorengo balioen artean efektuaren tamaina txikia izan zelarik (ET = 0.001). Aplikazio praktikoari dagokionez, lana nahiz eta Derrigorrezko Bigarren Hezkuntzako (DBH) 3. mailan aurrera eraman DBH-ko maila guztietan aurrera eraman daiteke zenbait aldaerekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36593,2019-11-27,"Abstract: a complete study of the glass bottling line of the company Norbega S.L. and in-depth analysis of the depalletizing, unboxing and washing stations has been carried out. For this purpose, the MeiA methodology has been used which guides the development of control software in the field of process automation engineering. Once the analysis has been completed and the design was carried out using the GRAFCET modelling language, the implementation has been carried out in a Siemens S7-1500 PLC and developed each of the HMI displays for each of the stations. Finally, the design of the general control system and its implementation for simultaneous control of the stations has been carried out","Laburpena: Norbega S.L. enpresaren beira botilaratze lerroarekiko ikerketa osoa egin da, bai eta garbiketa, deskajoitze eta deshitsatze estazioen azterketa sakona ere. Honetarako, MeiA metodologia erabili da, prozesu automatizazio ingeniaritzan, kontrolerako softwarearen garapena gidatzen duena. Azterketa bukatzerakoan eta diseinua GRAFCET lengoaia moderatuaren bitartez egin ostean, Siemens etxeko PLC S7-1500 batean egin da inplementazioa eta estazio bakoitzarentzako HMI pantaila denak garatu dira. Azkenik, kontrol orokorreko sistemaren diseinua garatu da, bere estazioen aldi bereko kontrolaren inplementazioarekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36540,2019-11-27,"The aim of this end-of-degree project is to design the first deep drawing process of an automobile´s representative piece, the B pillar. After having achieved the part geometry on a CAD system, the forming work will be simulated using the Pam-Stamp software. The analysis of the results obtained within the simulations will lead not only to an optimum tool design, but also to a precise estimate of the magnitude of the critical parametres involved in the process.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua automobilaren pieza erakusgarri baten lehenengo embutizio prozesua diseinatzea da, B pilarea. Pieza honen CAD ereduan oinarrituta, embutizio lana simulatuko da Pam-Stamp software erabiliz. Simulazioetan lortu izan diren emaitzak aztertuz, erreminten diseinu optimoa lortuko da, baita embutizio-aldagi kritikoei dagozkien balioa ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14387,2015-02-10,"Nowadays, 3D printing is presented as a revolutionary technology for the development in biomedical field not only as a medical tool to train and investigate, but also as the way to design and create new devices. Moreover this new technology allows the creation of objects with different structures and forms at a very low cost. The aim of this project is focused on the fabrication of prototypes using the 3D printer which will be fed with a biodegradable and/or biocompatible polymer. Besides, the advantages that the 3D printing could have in comparison with the traditional method will be analysed, not only economical or temporal advantages but also the advantages that the final product has in its properties. Nevertheless, before starting with the fabrication, a physical and thermal characterization must be performed, in order to be able to adjust the parameters of the printer to the polymer characteristics, and also to establish the relation between the final product and its quality, structure and properties. To carry out this project, the raw material will be poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), a polymer widely used in tissue engineering and in the design of devices to fix bone fractures.","3D inprimaketa gaur egun, biomedikuntzaren garapenerako aukera ezberdinak ematen dituen teknologia iraultzaile gisa aurkezten da; bai medikuntza arloan formazio eta ikerkuntzarako erreminta gisa, baita dispositibo berrien diseinu eta fabrikaziorako. Bere abantailarik aipagarriena prototipaketa azkarra da. Gainera, teknologia honek barne egitura eta forma ezberdineko objektuak fabrikatzea ahalbidetzen du koste lehiakor batean. Lan honen helburua 3D inprimagailuen bidezko prototipoen fabrikazioan zentratzen da, horretarako lehengai bezala polimero biodegradagarri eta biobateragarria erabiliz. Horrez gain, metodo tradizionalarekin konparatuz teknologia honek izan ditzakeen abantailak ere aztertu nahi dira, ez bakarrik alde ekonomikoari edo denborari begira, baita fabrikatutako objektuen propietateei begira ere. Dena dela, horrekin hasi aurretik ezaugarritze fisiko eta termikoa burutu beharko zaie lehengaiei, 3D inprimagailuaren parametroen aukeraketa egokia egiteko eta parametro horien eta amaierako produktuaren kalitate, egitura eta propietateen artean erlazio egokia ezartzeko. Lan hau aurrera eramateko poli(L-laktida)-rekin (PLLA) egingo da lan, bai ehun ingeniaritzan baita hezurren apurketen finkapenerako dispositiboetan oso erabilia izan den polimeroa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29754,2017-07-14,"The purpose of this project is to deeply study the phenomenon of gender violence in the young population and the methods for its prevention. Despite of the mortal victims drop in the last few years, the number of denunciations keeps increasing, being even more common between teenagers. The objective of the institutions is to eradicate this problem through workshops offered at high schools, campaigns and preventive guides destined especially to them. In this project, it will be studied the elements related to gender violence in both adults and minors and, an analysis of some of this resources for its prevention in the adolescence, will be elaborated. Finally, it will be checked the efficiency of each prevention workshop through a personal interview with the teenagers that participated in the program.","Lan honen helburua, gazteen arteko genero-indarkeria fenomenoa eta bere prebentziorako dauden metodoak sakontzea da. Azkeneko urteetan hildako jaitsiera izan arren, tratu txarreko salaketak handitzen jarraitzen doaz, gazteen arteko kasuak handituz. Instituzioetatik arazoa deuseztatu egin nahi da bereziki beraientzako zuzenduta dauden ikastetxeetan tailerrak, kanpainak eta prebentzio gidak eginez. Lan honetan, genero- indarkeriarekin erlazionaturik dauden elementuak ikertuko dira bai helduetan bai gazteetan, eta errekurtso hauetatik azterketa bat egingo da nerabezaroan prebentzioa izateko. Amaitzeko, prebentzio tailer hauen eraginkortasuna egiaztatuko da bertan parte hartu zuten gazteen elkarrizketen bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14380,2015-02-10,"This document is about the evaluation of different methods to predict the crack propagation when initiation is already known. For that purpose, bibliographic study of them will be done for later implement them in an Excel file. The representation of the influence of different parameters in fatigue life prediction will be obtained. The conclusions and limitations of each methodology will be extracted.",Dokumentu honetan arrail ezagun baten hazkundea iragarteko metodo ezberdinak ebaluatuko dira. Metodoen azterketa bibliografikoa egingo da eta emaitzak Excel batetan jasoko. Parametro ezberdinek neke egoeran piezaren iraupenean duten eragina irudikatuko da. Ondorioak eta erabilitako metodoen mugapenak azalduko dira. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17668,2016-03-16,"Departures are one of the most enriching resources for learning science in early childhood education and are necessary for the process of comprehensive learning of the Child. Therefore, the outputs have to be part of the school and teachers should propose them. There are many places to visit with children’s and in this work is going to be analyzed the educational offer of Armañón interpretation center, to see the impact of its resources on children’s. Once known the workers opinion and analyzed the visit of kindergarten, results and conclusions will be displayed.","Haur Hezkuntzan zientziaren ikaskuntzarako baliabide aberasgarrienetako bat irteerak dira, hauek beharrezkoak baitira haurraren garapen integralerako. Horretarako, irteerak eskolaren parte izan behar dute eta irakasleek bisitaldiak proposatu behar dituzte. Hainbat toki daude bisitak egiteko HHko haurrekin eta lan honetan Armañongo Interpretazio Zentroaren hezkuntza eskaintza aztertuko da, adin txikiko umeen kasuan bertako baliabideen eragina ikusi ahal izateko. Zentroaren arduradunen iritziak ezagututa eta HHko haurren bisitaldia aztertuta, emaitzak eta ondorioak aterako dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42082,2020-03-10,"Providing education in terms of equity and quality is a challenge that all teachers have to face. To achieve this, building strong links between the people who are part of the schools’ educational communities is fundamental. Therefore, applying projects based on the Learning-Service methodology can be a solution. On the other hand, for the teaching-learning process to be equitable and of quality, it is essential to provide adequate attention to diversity. Universal Design for Learning is based on the respect of the different rhythms and the appreciation of the different capacities of representation, expression and involvement of students. This document links both tools to create a collaborative project from which inclusive classroom sessions are planned.","Irakasle guztiek ekitate eta kalitatezko hezkuntza eskaintzearen erronkari aurre egiten diote. Hori lortzeko, ikastetxeetako hezkuntza-komunitateetako pertsonen arteko lotura sendoak eraiki behar dira. Beraz, Ikaskuntza-Zerbitzu metodologian oinarritutako proiektuak aplikatzea irtenbide bat izan daiteke. Bestalde, irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesua ekitatiboa eta kalitatezkoa izateko, aniztasunari arreta egokia eskaintzea ezinbestekoa da. Ikaskuntzarako Diseinu Unibertsala erritmo ezberdinekiko errespetuan eta ikasleen irudikapen, adierazpen eta inplikazio gaitasunen ebaluazioan oinarritzen da. Dokumentu honetan, bi tresna hauek batu egiten dira elkarlanerako proiektu bat sortzeko eta, bertan, ikasgelako saio inklusiboetako planak sortzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36570,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the current project is an end of degree assignment for the degree in Civil Engineering. Its’ main objective is to create a new sport centre for the Rowing Society Kaiku in Sestao. This project focuses on the design, structural calculus and appropriates system calculus to meet the needs of athletes. The new construction tries to put the beginner’s school and the training area for professionals in the highest category together. It also has one hangar for all of the boats and oars necessary for practising this typical sport at Euskal Herria. The centre is expected to be 1584m2 . Rooms are distributed across two floors, including a museum that showcases all the titles that the club has received throughout its time. Furthermore, one outdoor area will be conditioned for the club’s private vehicles’ parking. The attached documents study the viability of the project is studied, alongside necessary characteristics, to meet this purpose.","Laburpena: proiektu hau Gradu Amaierako Lan bezala garatu egin da Ingeniaritza Zibileko titulua lortzeko. Honen helburua, Sestaon kokatutako Kaiku Arraun Elkartearentzat kirol-zentro bat sortzea da. Kirolarien beharrak asetzeko, proiektua diseinura, egituraren kalkulura eta instalazioen kalkulu aproposei bideratuta egongo da. Eraikuntza berria hasiberrientzako eskola eta erregina maila profesionalen entrenamendu gunea barne hartuko ditu, hala nola Euskal Herriko ohiko kirol honek praktikatzeko beharrezkoak diren arraunontzien biltegia. Eraikina 1584 metro karratuko azalera erabilgarri edukitzeko aurreikusita dago, gelak bi solairutan banatuta egongo dira. Bertan erakusketa gela bat egongo da, non elkarteak bere ibilbide luzean zehar jasotako tituluak ikusgarri izango dituen. Horrez gain, elkartearen ibilgailu pribatuentzako kanpoko aparkalekua egokituko da. Erantsitako dokumentuetan, beharrezkoak diren ezaugarriak asetzeko asmorekin proiektu honen bideragarritasuna ikertzen da" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72717,2025-02-13,"The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to study the protection of double-fed induction generator networks used in wind power generation. A double-fed induction generator, known as DFIG, is a generator that is best suited to the exploitation of wind power. Its quality is that with the help of a converter, the rotation speed of the rotor adapts to the speed of the wind. In order to meet the challenges posed by decarbonisation, wind turbines are of vital importance as one of the most developed technologies for the production of green energy in Europe. However, in order to the properly function of wind turbines, it is essential to have fast, safe and reliable protection systems. They are designed to detect and mitigate electrical failures and system failures. That is why real-time simulation is a very useful tool for analyzing models before connecting to the network. In fact, it allows testing the protection system in different situations. In this project, we will simulate the model of a single DFIG wind turbine in real time through the Typhoon HIL program. The work will be based on the Model-in-the-loop methodology, obtaining the virtual model of the DFIG from the models available on Typhoon. Real time software will test the virtual model, analyzing its behavior in permanent condition and in the face of a state of error.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honen helburu nagusia energia eolikoko sorkuntzan erabiltzen diren elikadura bikoitzeko sorgailudun sareen babesa aztertzea da. Elikadura bikoitzeko sorgailu asinkronoa, DFIG izenez ezaguna, energia eolikoaren ustiapenera hoberen doitzen den sorgailua da. Bere nolakotasuna, bihurgailu baten laguntzaz errotorearen biraketa abiadura haizearen abiadurara egokitzen dela da. Deskarbonizazioak barnebiltzen dituen erronkei aurre egiteko, aerosorgailuek berebiziko garrantzia dute, Europan, energia berdea ekoizteko teknologia garatuenetarikoa baita. Bestalde, aerosorgailuek behar bezala funtziona dezaten, funtsezkoa da babes sistema azkarrak, seguruak eta fidagarriak izatea. Falta elektrikoak eta sisteman gertatzen diren akatsak detektatu eta arintzeko diseinatzen dira. Horregatik, denbora errealeko simulazioa oso tresna erabilgarria da, sarera konektatu baino lehen, ereduak aztertzeko. Izan ere, babes sistemak probatzeko aukera ematen du, hainbat egoeretan probak eginez. GrAL honetan, DFIG aerosorgailu bakar baten eredua simulatuko da denbora errealean, Typhoon HIL programaren bidez. Lana Model-in-the-loop metodologian oinarrituko da, DFIGaren eredu birtuala Typhoonek eskuragarri dituen ereduetatik lortuz. Denbora errealeko softwarean, eredu birtualarekin saiakuntzak egingo dira, egoera iraunkorrean eta akats egoera baten aurrean duen portaera aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18420,2015,In this paper we present a research work titled “School innovation from the perspective of people with rare diseases in the Basque Country”. The methodology is based on the voice and the life stories of pupils with rare diseases and their families. They share their experiences of schooling to progress in the innovation processes and school improvement. We also present an option for an inclusive school in response to the challenges and needs of our society.,"Lan honetan aurkezten da ""Eskola berrikuntza gaixotasun arraroak dituzten pertsonen ikuspegitik Euskal Autonomi Erkidegoan"" izeneko ikerketa. Bertan gaixotasun arraroak dituzten gazte talde batek eta euren familiek euren eskolatze esperientziak kontatzen dituzte; berrikuntza eta eskola hobekuntzan aurrerapausoak emateko asmoz. Eskola inklusiboaren aldeko aukera aurkezten da, egun ditugun gizarte honetako erronka eta beharrei aurre egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50954,2021-04-15,"Self-concept, understood as the image one has of oneself, is an area to work on in the process of identity construction. This process begins to develop in Primary School, so it is important to have a fixed base to give an adequate development. The aim of this work is to present the design of a program to work on the general self-concept and take the first steps. There will be used plastic and visual arts as the main means. Creativity will allow us to work so that each student can explore and express himself/herself freely. The didactic proposal is oriented to the students of 5th grade of Primary as it is a decisive age in the process of self-concept. To this end, this paper will set out the theoretical bases on the psychological and artistic field with the aim of contextualising the subject. The work will focus on the didactic proposal, a program of 6 sessions in which students will be offered chance to develop their self-concept through different activities.","Autokontzeptua, nork bere buruari buruz duen irudia bezala ulertuta, nortasuna eraikitzeko prozesuan landu beharreko arloa da. Hau, Lehen Hezkuntzako aroan garatzen hasten den prozesua da eta beraz, garrantzitsua da oinarri finko bat izatea garapen egoki bat eman dadin. Lan honen helburua autokontzeptu orokorra lantzeko eta horretan lehen urratsak emateko programa baten diseinua aurkeztea da. Honetan, arte plastiko eta bisualak erabiliko dira baliabide nagusi bezala, adierazpen bide malgu eta askeak diren aldetik. Sormena izango da lanketa ahalbidetuko duena, ikasle bakoitzak bere burua nolakoa den aztertu eta askatasunez adieraztea bilatuz. Proposamen didaktikoa Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. mailako ikasleei dago bideratuta, autokontzeptuaren prozesuan adin erabakigarria baita. Horretarako, lan honetan arlo psikologiko zein artistikoaren inguruko oinarri teorikoak azalduko dira gaia testuinguratzeko helburuarekin. Lanaren muina aldiz, proposamen didaktiko bera izango da, 6 saioko programa bat non ikasleei autokontzeptua garatzeko aukera eskainiko zaien jarduera ezberdinen bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20219,2017-01-11,"This document presents a study about the impact of wind farms and wind turbines located in the south-western of Sweden. The reason for choosing this location is that there is a project for installing a weather radar there, and it is necessary to know the impact of the wind turbines in that radar. For this aim, wind turbines will be analyzed following an analysis model and their effects on the weather radar will be studied with specific software.","Txosten honetan Suediako hego-mendebaldean kokatutako parke eolikoen eta aerosorgailuen inpaktuaren azterketa aurkeztuko da. Azterlana ingurune horretan burutuko da radar meteorologiko bat instalatu nahi delako, eta beharrezkoa delako aerosorgailuek, radarrean suposatuko duten inpaktua ezagutzea. Horretarako, analisi eredu bat jarraituz, aerosorgailuak aztertuko dira eta radar meteorologikoetan sortzen dituzten efektuak ikertuko dira, software espezifiko baten bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22908,2017-07,"The aim of the work written below is to analyse the restoration of the minihydroelectric plant of the Encartada Beret Factory. For this purpose, the existing weaknesses in the installations will be assessed and different solutions will be submitted. Finally, based on economic and productive criteria as well as suitable for the care of the machinery, a selection of optimal and convenient proposals will be made.","Idatzitako lanaren helburua, Enkartadako Txapel Lantegia daukan minizentral hidroelektrikoaren berriztatzearen ikasketa egitea da. Horretarako instalazioak dituen puntu ahulen zenbatespen bat egingo da, hainbat irtenbide desberdinak aurkeztuz. Azkenik, ebazpen egokienak aukeratuko dira, izaera ekonomiko, emankor eta makinariaren zaintzea ahalbidetzen dituzten irizpideetan oinarrituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23209,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to design a simulator able to emulate a real heat pump taking advantage of the facilities Matlab and Simulink provide us. Making use of the programmed software the customer will analyze how different pumps work in function of some previously determined parameters. A GUI (Graphical user interface) will be designed with the objective of guiding the costumer and making him/her easier the act of selecting the refrigerant, elements or the diagram desired. The input parameters and the results obtained and used in the simulation are going to be managed by an Excel file and displayed as graphics or tables helping the user to work out temperatures, pressures, enthalpies and mass flow in every element. Those parameters adjusting to efficiency will determine which elements optimize the process and will make easier the definitive design of the heat pump.","Proiektu honetan bero-ponpa baten funtzionamendua simulatuko duen simulatzaile bat diseinatuko da Matlab/Simulink INGURUNEA erabiliz. Software honen bitartez, erabiltzaileak bero ponpa ezberdinen funtzionamendua aztertu ahal izango du, berak ezarririko sarrera datu batzuen menpe. Horretarako, programak, nahi den errefrigeratzaile, elementu zein eskema aukeratzea ahalbidetuko du, aurrez diseinaturiko GUI (Graphical User Interface) baten laguntza dela medio. Sarrera zein irteera-datuak, excel fitxategi baten bidez kudeatuko dira, simulazioari dagokion edo simulaziotik eratorritako informazioa taularatuz eta grafikatuz. Honen bitartez, erabiltzaileak, elementu bakoitzaren irteeran zein sarreran izango diren tenperatura, presioa, entalpia eta emari masikoa ezagun izango ditu eta bere diseinuari hobekien egokitzen zaizkion parametroak zeintzuk diren zehaztu ahal izango du, berau errendimendua optimizatzeko lagungarri izango delarik, azken bero-ponparen diseinua erraztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19734,2016-12-02,"The aim of this project is making a viability study and a serial of proposals for the improvement of Bertxin’s hydroelectric central, which is localized in Guipuzcoa. Inizially the central’s elementes are described, specially the turbine, to know the points which could be able to improve. Later is done viability study of the alternatives which had been suggested in the project. This analysis is inizially technical and if it is viable, an economic viability analysis would be done. As soon as it finishes, it is done an alternatives comparison to choose the definitive one which is developed in the final draft.","Projektu honen helburua bideragarritasun ikasketa eta hobetze proposamen multzo bat egitea da Bertxineko zentralerako, Gipuzkoan kokatuta dagoena. Hasieran zentraleko elementu guztiak deskribatzen dira, bereziki turbina, ezagutzeko horieko zein elemtentuek eduki ahal dituzten hobekuntzak. Ondoren projektuan proposatutako alternatiben bideragarritasun analisisia egiten da. Hasieran analisi honek teknikoa da eta bideragarri bada, bideragarritasun analisi ekonomikoa egiten da. Amaituta dagoenenan, alternatiben arteko konparaketa egiten da behin betikoa aukeratu arte, aurreproiektuan garatuko dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70300,2024-06-24,"A thorough examination of the Spanish Official Secrets Act has been carried out in this work. In cases where the security and defence of the State is at risk, certain matters may be declared secret or reserved, limiting, inter alia, the principle of publicity and the right to information of citizens. In view of the legitimacy and circumstances of this delimitation, we have also addressed the need for a possible law of our own in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country.","Lan honetan Espainiako Sekretu Ofizialen Legearen azterketa sakona egin da. Estatuaren segurtasuna eta defentsa arriskuan dauden kasuetan, sekretu edo erreserbatu izendatu daitezke zenbait materia, publizitate-printzipioa eta herritarren informazioeskubidea mugatuz, besteak beste. Mugaketa horren zilegitasuna eta inguruabarrak aztertzearekin bat, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan balizko lege propio baten beharrik badagoen ere landu dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29444,2018-10-31,"The mismanagement of available resources is one of the main causes of the rapid expansion of fires and can also result in casualties. That is the reason why it is important to plan available resources, as well as the geolocation of each unit (the position where each unit will be at each moment). That is why a neural-network is going to be created, which will allow us to know in advanced where each available unit will be. To create the neural-network, different types of regressors are going to be used obtaining precision from each of them. To conclude, it is intended to decide which of all methods used for prediction generates more accurate data from the obtained precisions.","Baliabide erabilgarrien kudeaketa okerra suteen hedapen azkarraren arrazoi nagusietako bat da eta hildakoak sor ditzake. Hori dela eta, eskuragarri dauden baliabideak eta unitate bakoitzaren geolokalizazioa (unitate bakoitza une bakoitzean egon dadin) planifikatzea garrantzitsua da. Horregatik, sare neuronal bat sortuko da eskuragarri dagoen unitate bakoitzerako posizioa aldez aurretik jakin dezagun. Sare neuronala sortzeko, erregresio mota ezberdinak erabiliko dira, haien zehaztasuna lortuz. Amaitzeko, erabilitako metodo guztien artean zeinek sortzen dituen iragarpenik zehatzenak zehaztuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60224,2023-03-03,"Children's literature has been used as an instrument to work on different complicated or taboo topics in our society, but what is the presence or usefulness of functional diversity in this field? Through this final degree project, we will investigate the presence of functional diversity in children's literature by means of three research processes: the usefulness of these books by teachers/parents/guardians, the presence of books with this main theme among the most read books by young people and the analysis of 18 children's books that deal with functional diversity.","Haur literatura hainbat gai konplexu edo tabu lantzeko tresna gisa erabili da gure gizartean, baina, zer presentzia edo erabilgarritasun du aniztasun funtzionalak esparru horretan? Gradu amaierako lan honen bidez, aniztasun funtzionalak haur-literaturan duen presentzia ikertuko dugu hiru ikerketa-prozesuren bidez: irakasleek/gurasoek/tutoreek liburu horiei ematen dieten erabilgarritasuna, gazteek gehien irakurtzen dituzten liburuen artean gai nagusi hau duten liburuen presentzia eta aniztasun funtzionala lantzen duten 18 haur-libururen azterketa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14356,2015-02-06,"Taking into account the present European and Spanish legislation, which have as their main goal the reduction of emissions as set both in the Kyoto protocol and the 20/20/20 plan, in the following dissertation the energetic certification of the home of Iker Elizundia Lopez has been accomplished, with a final energetic grade of F. A set of betterments have been proposed as well, with the objective of improving the energetic grade to a D, the minimum requirement for new established buildings. These improvements help decrease the emissions in a 63%, and also contribute with a substantial amount of economic savings.","Indarrean dauden europar eta espainiar legedia kontutan hartuta, Kyoto protokoloan eta 20/20/20 planean jasotzen diren isurien murrizketa helburu dutenak, lan honetan Iker Elizundia Lopez-en etxebizitzaren ziurtagiri energetikoa egin da, F kalifikazioa lortu delarik. Honez gain, hobekuntza multzo baten proposamena egin da, kalifikazioan D bat lortu asmoz, eraikuntza berriei kalifikazio hau eskatzen zaie gutxienez. Hobekuntza hauen bidez %63-ko murrizketa lortu da emisioetan, baita aurrezte ekonomiko nabaria ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19337,2016-10-19,"This work consists of analyzing and controlling an industrial system which operates under pressurized air. The study is to be carried out with a system of small size and a computer as a controller, using Matlab and Simulink platform for data adquisition, controlling signal generation and scheduling developed control algorithms. This system consists of a network of pipes through which air circulates, a manual valve for regulating the flow and allow the air outlet, a valve and pneumatic control systems such as pressure sensors and flow sensors. There is also a tank where the pressured air required in the process is stored. The main purpose of the project is learning the basics of instrumentation and control of a pneumatic system.","Lan honen helburua presurizaturiko airearen menpe dabilen industrial sistema baten analisia eta kontrola da. Ikasketa neurri txikiko sistema batekin burutuko da eta ordenagailua kontroladore moduan, Matlab plataforma eta Simulink, datu eskurapenerako, kontrol seinalen sorkuntzerako eta garatutako kontrol algoritmoen programaziorako erabiliz. Sistema honek zenbait osagai ditu, airez beteriko hodi-sarea, jarioa egokitzeko eta aire irteera baimentzeko eskuzko balbulak, kontrol pneumatikoko balbula eta zenbait neurketa sistema, hala nola presio eta aire-emari sentsoreak. Prozesuan eskatutako presiopean dagoen airea gordetzen den tanga bat badago ere. Proiektu honen asmo nagusia, ikasleek sistema pneumatiko baten oinarrizko instrumentazio eta kontrol osagaiak ezagut dezatela da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60871,2023-04-21,"Nowadays, women, and specifically those living in rural areas, have even more difficulties to engage in Physical Activity and Sport (PA) due to their condition as women. The main objective of this study was to know and understand the experiences of mothers with young children living in rural areas. In this study, three women living in the rural villages of Lizartza and Altzo in Gipuzkoa were interviewed through group discussion. Social pressure and the lack of time to enjoy their leisure time as mothers were the main barriers they highlighted for the practice of Physical Activity and Sport, making a direct reference to the activities they could share with the care of children and their schedules. The promotion of leisure PA of rural mothers in Gipuzkoa should take into account their needs and interests, designing, developing and implementing multidimensional interventions that respond to their diversity.","Gaur egun, emakume izateagatik Jarduera Fisikoa eta Kirola (JFK) egiteko hainbat oztopo dituzte emakumeek eta landa eremuan bizi direnek are eta zailtasun gehiago dituzte. Lan honen helburu nagusia haur txikiak zituzten eta landa eremuan bizi ziren amen jarduera fisikoarekiko bizipenak ezagutzea eta ulertzea izan zen. Kasu azterketa honetan talde eztabaida bidez Gipuzkoako landa eremuko Lizartza eta Altzo herrietan bizi ziren hiru emakume elkarrizketatu ziren. Ama izateak zekarkien presio soziala eta aisialdiaz gozatzeko denbora falta izan ziren Jarduera Fisikoa eta Kirola praktikatzeko nabarmendu zituzten oztopo nagusienak umeen zaintzarekin eta haien ordutegiekin bat egin zezaketen jarduerei aipamen zuzena eginez. Gipuzkoako landa eremuko amen aisialdiko JFK sustatzeko kontuan izan behar dira dituzten behar eta interesak, betiere, duten dibertsitateari erantzungo dieten esku-hartze multidimentsionalak diseinatu, garatu eta ezarriz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62813,2023-10-10,"English: There will be a significant increase in the use of composite materials in electric mobility applications, thanks to their specific characteristics and the demand for them in this sector. Currently, the demand for parts in the railway and automotive industries is met through the manual lamination process. This process has long cycle times of up to 48 hours and cost per unit could be improved in comparison with the hand layup process. Therefore, with advancements in the formulation of ultraviolet curing resins, a manufacturing process has been devised for composite parts using ultraviolet curing resin in a membrane press. This process allows the user to manufacture pre-impregnated fabrics with a specific fiber-to-resin ratio and use them to produce parts with the same quality as the manual lamination process but having control over thicknesses thanks to the use of pre-impregnated materials. This results in cycle times up to 25 times faster and lower cost per unit. Through this work, machine behavior modeling has been achieved for process parameter control. Cycle times have been optimized by constructing a curing time mathematical model, and it has been determined that parts of the same quality as the direct competitor's manufacturing process have been successfully produced.","Euskara: Haien ezaugarri espezifiko eta elektromugikortasun aplikazioetan beharrezkoak diren berezitasunak direla eta, material konposatuen erabilera hazkunde garrantzitsua espero da etorkizuneko urteetan. Egungoan, trenbide eta automozio-sektorean pieza eskariak eskuzko laminazio bidez sortzen dira. Prozesu honek iraupen ziklo luzeak ditu, 48 ordu arte, eta pieza bakoitzeko kostua hobetzeko aukera dago. Horregatik, ultramorez ontzen diren errexinen formulazioen aurrerapenei esker, mintza prentsa bidez konpaktatzen diren eta ultramore argiz ontzen duten piezen fabrikazio prozesua diseinatu da. Prozesu honek erabiltzaileak esleitutako errexina portzentaia duten aurreinpregnatutako ehunak fabrikatzea ahalbidetzen du, eta horiek erabiliz, eskuzko laminazio prozesuan fabrikatzen diren piezen kalitate berdina duten piezak fabrikatzeko aukera ematen du. Hala ere, lodiera kontrolatzea ahalbidetzen du aurreinpregnatuen erabilera dela eta. Horrez gain, ziklo denborak 25 aldiz azkarragoak eta pieza bakoitzeko kostu txikiagoak izaten dira. Lan honen bidez, makinak duen portaeraren modelaketa eginez, prozesuaren parametroak kontrolatzea lortu da. Ziklo denboren optimizazioa ere lortu da ontze-prozesuaren denbora eredu matematiko bat eraikiz eta lehiakide zuzena den prozesuaren pieza kalitate berdina fabrikatzea lortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29481,2018-10-31,"This End of Degree Project is focused on the development of an urbanization project and a community heating installation in Luiaondo (Alava). The urban plan of this location in not developed, and no community or centralized heating system has been implemented yet. For that reason, legal assumptions already formalized in the development of the urban land have been taken into account, and based on this basis, the urbanization and a district heating system is projected in this work, which will have the following aspects with their plans, calculation annexes and as many technical documents are needed: - Floor plans, layout and sections. - Development of the water supply network. - Development of the water drainage network. - Development of the lighting network. - Electricity supply network. - Telecommunications network. - Development of the community heating network. Specifically, the urban land to which we refer for the development of the urbanization, is developed by the ""SUBSIDIARY STANDARDS OF PLANNING OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF AIARA - AYALA. Final Approval - 12 April 2005. Recast December 2005”. This plot of urban land is the site of the development project, as well as the installation of the heat generation plant for the central heating system. The Subsidiary Regulations define an area of 500 m2 for the use of the facilities within this plot, and the system proposed being a hot water and heating supply network that will supply almost all the inhabitants of Luiaondo, it is considered its use as a facility. Although the heat generation plant will not occupy the entire surface area of 500 m2, and may be combined with other types of activities considered as endowed. The community or centralized heating system will provide hot water and heating to most of Luiaondo's homes. And its layout and facilities are located underground up to the different supply points. This route will occupy part of the surface area for the use of the facilities, as well as parts of the public domain roads. Keywords: Urbanization; energy efficiency; sustainability; innovation; technology","Gradu amaierako lan honek, Luiaondoko (Araba) urbanizazio bat eta haren komunitate berokuntza proiektua garatzen du. Ez urbanizazioaren kokapena, ez eta komunitate berokuntza sistema eta berokuntza zentrala ere garatu gabe daude. Horregatik hiri lurzoruen garapenean formaldutako legezko hipotesietatik abituako gara eta urbanizazioaren eta berokuntza sistemaren garapena burutuko dugu. Hauek izango dira alderdiak, beren plano, kalkulu eranskin eta behar diren dokumentu tekniko guztiekin: • Planta, kokapen eta sekzioen planoak • Ur-honiketa sarearen garapena • Ur hustuketa serearen garapena • Argiztapen sarearen garapena • Honikuntza elektrikoaren sarea • Telekomunikazioen sarea • Komunitate berokuntza sarearen garapena Hain zuzen ere, urbanizazioaren garapenerako erreferentzia egiten zaion hiri lurzorua, zehaztuta eta garatuta dator hurrengo dokumentuan, “Aiarako Udal Planeamenduko Ordezko Arauak - 2005ko Apirilaren 12an - Behin betiko onetsiak. Testu bategina 2005ko Abenduan”. Hiri lurzoruko zati honetan garatzen da urbanizazioaren proiektua, baita komunitate berokuntza sistemarentzako bero sorkuntza zentralaren instalazioa ere. Ordezko Arauek lursail honetan, 500 m2-ko lur zatia definitzen dute hornidurentzat. Halaber, planteatzen den sistema, Luiaondoko ia biztanle guztiak ur beroaz eta berokuntza sistemaz hornituko dituen sistema bat izanik, bere erabilpena horniduratzat hartzen da. Bero sorkuntza zentralak ez du 500m2-ko lursail osoa okupatuko eta hornidura gisa har daitezkeen beste jarduera batzuekin bateratu ahal izango da. Ur bero eta berokuntza sistema zentralizatuak, Luiaondoko ia etxebizitza guztiak hornituko ditu. Bere trazaketa eta instalazioa lur azpikoak planteatzen dira, horniketa puntu desberdin bakoitzeraino. Trazaketak, hornidura erabilerarako azaleraren parte bat okupauko du eta baita eremu publikoko galtzaden parte bat ere. Gako hitzak: Urbanizazioa; eraginkortasun energetikoa; jasangarritasuna; berrikuntza; teknologia" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25905,2018-03-22,"Critical pedagogy pretends the empowerment of individuals, in order them to perceive power relations and problematizing them, to promote social transformation. Its purpose is to achieve a fair and egalitarian society. In this sense, the curriculum must be designed and implemented to question the social and academic way of life the state and society promotes. Therefore, the objective of this work is to analyze the Heziberri 2020 curriculum according to the critical pedagogy. To that end, after making a contextualization of this pedagogy, Heziberri 2020 has been compared with the claims of different authors, obtaining the following conclusion: Heziberri 2020 does not consider the liberating function of education.","Pedagogia kritikoak subjektuak ahalduntzea bilatzen du, botere harremanak hautemateko eta horiek arazo bihurtuz eraldaketa soziala sustatzeko, bidezkoa eta berdintasunezkoa izango den gizartea lortze aldera. Zentzu honetan, estatuak eta gizarteak sortu duten bizimodua eta horietatik eratorritako bizimodu akademikoa zalantzan jartzeko diseinatu eta inplementatu behar da curriculuma. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburu nagusia Heziberri 2020k proposatzen duen curriculuma pedagogia kritikoaren argitan aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, pedagogia kritikoaren kontzeptualizazioa egin ostean, Heziberri 2020ren eta pedagogia kritikoaren autoreen aldarrikapenen arteko konparaketa egin da eta bertatik ateratako ondorio nagusia hurrengoa izan da: Heziberri 2020k ez du kontuan hartzen hezkuntzaren funtzio askatzailea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60671,2023-04-17,"Brittany, a French region located in the north-east of France, has a very rich history. Around the 5th century, Celts brought their culture and language to what was then known as Armorica. Then, Julius Caesar conquered the territory and “Romanized it” for many centuries. Later, in 1532, France and Brittany started an annexation process, which led to almost losing their Celtic roots and their language. Nevertheless, in the 19th century, the Breton nationalist movement was born, and it was named Emsav. This movement had three phases. The fist Emsav (1898-1914) gave great importance to culture, literature and folklore, but it did not have much power among the citizens. The second Emsav (1919-1945) happened between the First and Second World Wars. It was in this moment when the Breton history twisted. The choices some nationalists took left a stain that would last many years: Bretons were given the opportunity to collaborate with German Nazis. Between their hatred of France and the promises the Germans made to achieve greater autonomy for the region, or even independence, some Breton nationalists did not hesitate to collaborate and took the violent path by creating military-like and armed groups. These actions doomed the nationalists for long and gave France the opportunity to use that fact to condemn both the nationalist movement and their language. After the Second World War and in such a hostile environment, started the third Emsav, which lasts up to these days. This phase is known for mass cultural movements. After many rough years, the movement became more leftist and started giving greater importance to their culture and language. They also changed the whole movement and started trying to achieve their goals politically. However, the French State did not cease the oppression of their language and their constant will to change things in their region. And some Breton nationalists started to take up arms, mainly blowing up buildings, infrastructures or statues with symbolic meanings until an unfortunate assassination provoked the decay of the armed groups. Nowadays, the situation and their fights have much changed. Brittany is nowadays asking for a referendum on the reunification of the Loire-Atlantique department, trying to keep their language alive due to its difficult situation where the learning their own regional language is not guaranteed.","Bretainiak, Frantziako ipar-ekialdean dagoen eskualde frantsesak, historia oso aberatsa du. V. mende inguruan, zeltek garai hartan Armorika zeritzonera eraman zituzten beren kultura eta hizkuntza. Ondoren, Julio Zesarrek lurraldea konkistatu zuen eta mende askotan zehar ""erromanizatu"" egin zuen. Geroago, 1532an, Frantziak eta Bretainiak anexio prozesu bat hasi zuten, euren sustrai zeltak eta hizkuntza ia galtzea eragin zuena. Hala ere, XIX. mendean mugimendu nazionalista bretoia sortu zen, Emsav izena jaso zuena. Mugimendu honek hiru fase izan zituen. Lehen Emsavak (1898-1914) garrantzi handia eman zion kulturari, literaturari eta folkloreari, baina ez zuen indar handirik izan herritarren artean. Bigarren Emsava (1919-1945) Lehen eta Bigarren Mundu Gerren artean gertatu zen. Une horretan okertu zen Bretainiako historia. Nazionalista batzuek hartutako erabakiek urte asko iraungo zuen orbana utzi zuten: bretoiek alemaniar naziekin elkarlanean aritzeko aukera izan zuten. Frantziarekiko gorrotoaren eta eskualdearentzat autonomia handiagoa edo independentzia lortzeko alemaniarrek egindako promesen artean, bretainiar nazionalista askok ez zuten zalantzarik izan elkarlanean aritzeko eta indarkeriazko bidea hartu zuten talde militar eta armatuak sortuz. Ekintza horiek denbora luzez gaitzetsi zituzten nazionalistak, eta Frantziari aukera eman zioten gertaera horiek mugimendu nazionalista zein bere hizkuntza gaitzesteko erabiltzeko. Bigarren Mundu Gerraren ondoren, eta hura bezalako ingurune zail batean, hirugarren Emsava hasi zen, Gaur egun arte irauten duena. Fase hau ezaguna da masa-mugimendu kulturalengatik. Hainbeste urte zailen ondoren, mugimendua ezkertiarrago bihurtu zen eta bere kultura eta hizkuntzari garrantzi handiagoa ematen hasi zen. Mugimendu osoa ere aldatu zuten, eta beren helburuak politikoki lortzen saiatzen hasi ziren. Hala ere, Frantziako Estatuak etengabe zapaldu zuen bere hizkuntza eta bere lurraldean gauzak aldatzeko etengabeko borondatea. Garai hartan, bretainiar nazionalista batzuk armak hartzen hasi ziren, batez ere esanahi sinbolikoa zuten eraikin, azpiegitura edo estatuei erasoz, zorigaiztoko hilketa batek talde armatuen gainbehera eragin zuen arte. Gaur egun, egoera eta borrokak asko aldatu dira. Bretainiak Loire-Atlantique departamenduaren bateratzeari buruzko erreferendum bat eskatu du, eta bere hizkuntza bizirik mantentzen saiatzen da,egoera zaila den arren eta, bere eskualde-hizkuntzaren ikaskuntza bermatuta ez dagoen arren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13995,2015-01-16,"Amara Berri System, integrated in the movement of the ""New School"", hosted by the change in the educational system that took place in the twentieth century, is a relevant and very innovative movement. From the desire to improve the quality of teaching, more than twenty schools form a network of working together, which aims to help the strengthening and development of the system arise. In this research and to confirm the success and academic effectiveness of the system, students' academic qualifications and the perception of teachers on Amara Berri system are shown. Thus, we find that the benefits of the Amara Berri System for the school and its members are plural and are checked.","XX. mendean eman zen hezkuntza sistemaren aldaketa dela eta agertutako “Eskola Berria”ren mugimenduaren barnean dagoen Amara Berri Sistema mugimendu garrantzitsua eta oso berritzailea da. Hezkuntza kalitatea hobetzeko nahiarekin, hogei hezkuntza zentro baino gehiagok lan-sare bat osatzen dute, non sistema honen finkatzeari eta garapenari erreferentzia egiten dioten helburuak ezartzen diren. Ikerketa lan honetan ikasleen kalifikazio akademikoak eta irakasleek Amara Berri Sistemaren gainean duten pertzepzioa ageri dira. Horrela, Amara Berri Sistemak eskolari eta bertako kideei dakarkien onurak anitzak direla eta egiaztaturik daudela baieztatzen dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26881,1996,"A look over the activity developed by Julio Caro Baroja during the last years of his life is made. In this way, the last texts he wrote, the lectures he gave, his presence in media, his works in general are pointed out. All this reflects his values, virtues and his love to life, with his usual naturalness, simplicity and humanism.","Julio Caro Barojak bere bizitzaren azken urteotan burututako iharduerei errepasoa egiten da. Berak idatzitako azken liburuak, emandako konferentziak, bere presentzia komunikabideetan, bere idatziak eta orokorrean bere obra azaltzen dira, guzti honek Caroren balioak, bertuteak eta bizitzari maitasuna adieraziz, bere ohizo berezkotasun, xalotason eta onberatasunez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34827,2019-07-26,"English: The purpose of this project is to design a 20MW photovoltaic plant located at Extremadura, Spain.For that, the first step is to select a concrete place. The next step is to select the appropiate panels and inverters. Once that is chosen, an optimal placement is studied in order to achieve the lowest LCOE (Levelized Cost Of Electricity) possible. To finish, an electrical study will be done from the plant to the MV substation.","Euskara:Proiektu honen helburua Extremaduran (Espainia)kokatutako20 MW-ko zentral fotovoltaikobaten diseinua da. Horretarako, lurrarenaukerarekinhasiko da. Hurrengo oinatsan, panelak eta dagozkion inbertsoreak hautatuko dira. Behin elementu hauek aukeratuta, haien kokapenoptimoarekin jarraituko daahalik etaLCOE (Levelized Cost Of Electricity) txikiena lortzeko helburuarekin. Amaitzeko, zentraletik tentsio ertainako azpiestaziorainoko azterketa elektrikoa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50961,2021-04-15,"The world of science is becoming increasingly important in our society. However, schools are failing to acknowledge this fact. This has led to a desire for the teaching of school science to be modernized. If truth be told, there are few resources that both peak student's interest, and maintain a high level of scientific literacy. This is why I want to emphasize the importance through this dissertation. This starts by engaging with students in a more innovative way, breaking away from traditional learning techniques. In order to do it, I have created a new learning resource: a digital dichotomous key.","Zientziaren arloa gero eta garrantzi handiagoa hartzen ari da gure gizartean, baina ez da gauza bera gertatzen ikastetxeetan. Horregatik, eskolako zientzia modernizatzeko behar handia dago. Egia da, ikasleek alfabetatze zientifiko egokia lortzeko interes handia pizten duten baliabide gutxi daudela. Hori dela eta, lan honen bidez natur zientzien garrantzia aldarrikatu nahi dut, hauek ezagutu eta modu berritzailean landuz, irakaskuntza tradizionalekin hautsiz. Horretarako, baliabide berri bat sortu dut, zehazki, klabe dikotomiko bat formatu digitalean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25006,2007,"Intellectual and industrial property, the legal institutions that control the creation and exploitation of industrial and creative works, develops steered by technological changes, but the legal instruments for protection are insuffi cient. This article examines the criteria for delimiting when an industrial or intellectual creation is protected by the industrial or by the intellectual property and, in the case of being protected by both, if violating such rights would give rise to one or several crimes. After having identified the objects on which a double (or multiple) protection concurrence arises, the compatibility of penal tutelage is examined taking into account the purpose and functions of these institutions in the market system.","Jabetza intelektuala eta industriala erakunde juridikoak dira, adimenak eta industriak sortzen duena arautzeko; eta aldaketa teknologikoaren bilakaerarekin bat datoz tresna juridikoak nahikoa ez izanik hauek babesteko. Artikulu honetan zenbait irizpideren analisia egiten da. Noiz babes dezakegun sorkuntza intelektuala eta industriala, jabetza intelektual eta industrial moduan eta biek babesa ematen badiote, eskubide hauen arau-haustea delito bat den edo delitu desberdin asko. Horretarako, eta tutoretza konkurrentzia posible deneko objektuen identifikazioa eta gero, tutoretza penalaren bateragarritasunaren arazoa aztertzen da, merkatu mailan erakunde hauek duten zentzu eta funtzioak kontutan hartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25251,2003,"After a study of the immigration situation in Brazil, it is raised the insecurity in relation to the organized crime in Latin America. So that, and after commenting the social scene of each country, the causes of the criminality are analyzed, focusing in the study of the scene of poverty in which it arises, as well as the weakness and slowness of the state faced to the organized crime, to complete this contribution with an analysis of the main sociological aspects of the criminal policy in Latin America.","Brasileko inmigrazioak bizi duen egoera aztertu ondoren, Hego Amerikan krimen antolatuak sortzen duen segurtasun ezari buruz aritzen da. Herrialde bakoitzeko egoera aztertu ondoren, kriminalitatearen arrazoiak azaltzen dira, pobretasunak izaten dituen efektuak aztertuz eta kriminalitate antolatuari aurre egiteko dauden arazoak kontutan izanda. Amaitzeko Hego Ameriketan ematen den politika kriminalaren ikuspegi soziologikoaren analisi bat egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68412,2024-06-14,"This project focuses on developing an application, JiraGPT Next, which integrates large language models (LLMs) with the Jira project management software. The application was conceived during an internship at the firm LKS Next, aiming to experimentally blend LLMs into a tool that the company employs in its operations. JiraGPT Next offers a natural language interface, enabling users to query the LLM and access company’s data stored in Jira. Furthermore, a benchmark has been designed to test the precision of any LLM within the JiraGPT Next application. This benchmark uses 70 typical queries, in both Spanish and English, that a Jira user would use. LLMs are rated based on their accuracy in their responses. To enlighten LKS Next about the potential of LLMs and the state of the art of the tools that integrate LLMs, research has been undertaken on tools that use LLMs to bolster employee productity.","AtrProiektu honen helburua hizkuntza eredu handiak (LLM ingeleses) proiektu ku- deaketa Jira programarekin integratzen dituen aplikazio bat garatzea da. Aplikazioa JiraGPT Next deitzen da eta LKS Next enpresan egindako praktiketan garatu egin da eta helburua enpresaren datuak LLM batekin integratzea da. Hizkuntza naturaleko interfaze bat eskaintzen du, erabiltzaileari LLMei galderak egiteko eta Jiran gordeta- ko proiektuen datuak erabiltzeko aukera ematen diona. JiraGPT Next-en eraginkortasuna frogatzeko froga-programa bat sortu egin da. Jirako erabiltzaile batek idatzi ditzakeen 70 kontsulta (bai ingeleses bai gaztelaniaz) erabiliz, JiraGT-en LLM ezberdinen eraginkortasuna ebaluatzen du. Ondoren, LLMak kalifikatzen ditu erantzunen zehaztasunaren arabera. Azkenik, LLMak erabiltzen dituzten gaur egungo produktibitatea-sustatzeko tresnekin konparatu egin da. Honen bidez, LKS Nexti oraingo LLMen gaitasunak era- kutsi zaizkio eta aplikazioetan izan ditzaketen integrazioei buruzko ikuspegia eman zaio" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59703,2023-02-07,"The project displayed in this document contains a study carried out based on CFD simulations concerning a circular settling tank. The clarifier is located in a pilot water treatment plant owned by Consorcio de Aguas Bilbao Bizkaia (CABB). Reaching an extensive knowledge of the operation of the equipment is configured as the main goal of this research. Through these simulations, it is intended to reproduce the hydrodynamics of the equipment. This allows analyzing flow directions and velocity profile considering different height configurations of an element called impeller flow regulator. Due to the complex physics taking place inside the settling tank, several future lines of research are established in order to keep studying its operation. (English)","Dokumentu honetan aurkezten den proiektuak CFD softwarearen bidez egindako dekantagailu zirkular baten modelizazioaren garapena jasotzen du, haren funtzionamendu sakona ezagutzeko helburuarekin. Dekantagailua uren tratamendurako instalazio pilotu batean kokatua dago. CFD simulazioaren bidez, tresneriaren portaera hidrodinamikoa erreproduzitu nahi da, fluxu-zentzumenak eta abiadura-eremuak aztertu ahal izateko, bandaje izeneko dekantagailuaren barruan dagoen elementu baten altuera-konfigurazio desberdinekin. Gailuan gertatzen diren fenomeno fisiko guztiak modelatzea oso konplexua denez, etorkizuneko ikerketa-ildoak ezartzen dira dekantagailuaren funtzionamendua sakonki aztertzen jarraitzeko. (Euskera)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50155,2021-02-12,"Taking the Permanent Classroom Against Radicalization (PCAR) as a reference, which is aimed at preventing and protecting unaccompanied foreign minors (UFM) from extremism under the pretext of religion in Basque society, this end-of-degree dissertation has as its main objective to carry out a critical analysis of its socio-educational foundations, in order to contribute to its possible improvement. The methodology from which it is approached is systematic research, in this case mainly based on the postulates of the socio-critical paradigm. Throughout the dissertation, it is shown that, to strengthen the socio-educational character of the PCAR, it is essential to explore and promote interculturality, in the direction of an inclusive and plural society, stimulating participation and a sense of community in citizenship.","Erradikalizazioaren Aurkako Gela Iraunkorra (EAGI) erreferentziatzat hartuta, euskal gizartean erlijioa aitzakiatzat duen estremismotik bakarrik dauden adingabe atzerritarrak (BDAA) prebenitzera eta babestera bideratuta dagoena, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek esku-hartze horren oinarri sozio-hezitzaileen azterketa kritikoa du helburu, hobetzen laguntzeko asmoz. Ikerketa sistematikoa da erabilitako metodologia, kasu honetan gehienbat paradigma soziokritikoan oinarritua. Lanean zehar erakusten da EAGIren izaera sozio-hezitzailea indartzeko ezinbestekoa dela kulturartekotasunaren alde egitea, gizarte inklusibo eta plural baten norabidean, herritarren parte-hartzea eta sen komunitarioa sustatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50995,2021-04-15,"For many years, an urgent response has been necessary in order to provide adequate attention to the diversity of students. The existence of students who are outside the rigid organization of the current ordinary school is observed: students with Special Educational Needs (SEN). Furthermore, this differentiation becomes more evident in the subject of Physical Education. Taking into account the enormous educational potential of Physical Education, even more so for students with n.e.c., the need for Inclusive Physical Education must be supported in order to ensure that all children receive a quality education. Therefore, through this Final Degree Project, in addition to presenting the terminological definition and the concrete evolution of the terms Diversity, Segregation, Integration, Special Educational Needs and Inclusion, the main definitions and characteristics of Inclusive Physical Education are presented. Also the greatest difficulties or limitations that arise to achieve it. Likewise, through a questionnaire addressed to Physical Education teachers, the real situation of Oarsoaldea teachers in relation to Special Educational Needs is presented: previous knowledge and attitudes, training, work situations, etc. Four main conclusions have been obtained from the results obtained in the questionnaire: Oarsoaldea Physical Education teachers are generally willing to meet special educational needs and inclusion. Oarsaldea Physical Education teachers generally have little knowledge of special educational needs. The Physical Education teachers of Oarsoaldea, in general, lack sufficient training to deal effectively with special educational needs. In order for there to be an adequate and complete inclusion of students with special educational needs, working in collaboration is essential: Administration, Center, Teachers, Family…","Duela urte askotatik premiazko erantzun bat behar da ikasle-aniztasunari arreta egoki bat eman ahal izateko. Gaur egungo eskola-arruntaren antolakuntza zurrunetik kanpo geratzen diren ikasleak daudela hauteman daiteke: Hezkuntza Premia Bereziak (HPB) dituzten ikasleak hain zuzen ere. Gainera, bereizketa hau agerikoagoa bihurtzen da Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasgaian. Gorputz Hezkuntzak duen heziketa potentzialtasun izugarria kontuan izanik, are gehiago HPBak dituzten ikasleengan, haur guztiek kalitatezko hezkuntza jasotzen dutela zihurtatzeko Gorputz Hezkuntza Inklusibo baten beharra babestu behar da. Hortaz, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bitartez, definizio terminologikoa eta terminoen bilakaera zehatza aurkezteaz gain, (Aniztasuna, Segregazioa, Integrazioa, Hezkuntza Premia Bereziak eta Inklusioa), Gorputz Hezkuntza Inklusiboaren definizio eta ezaugarri nagusiak aurkezten dira. Baita hori lortzeko agertzen diren zailtasun edo muga handienak ere. Era berean, Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasleei zuzendutako galdetegi baten bitartez, HPBen aurrean Oarsoaldeako irakasleen egoera aurkezten da: aurretiko ezagutzak eta jarrerak, formakuntzak, lan egoerak eta abar. Galdetegian lortutako emaitzetatik lau ondorio nagusi lortu dira: Oarsoaldeako Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasleek, oro har, jarrera ona dute Hezkuntza-Premia Berezietarako eta inklusiorako. Oarsaldeako Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasleek, oro har, Hezkuntza-Premia Bereziei buruzko ezagutza urria dute. Oarsoaldeako Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasleek, oro har, ez dute behar adinako prestakuntzarik Hezkuntza-Premia Bereziekin modu eraginkorrean tratatzeko. Hezkuntza-Premia Bereziak dituzten ikasleen Inklusio egoki eta osoa eman dadin, lankidetzan lan egitea ezinbestekoa bihurtzen da: Administrazioa, Ikastetxea, Irakasleak, Familia…" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67680,2024-05-07,"Since we are born, emotions are something fundamental in our daily lives and therefore, they are of great importance in education. The aim of this Final Degree Project is to analyse the emotional intelligence of Early Childhood Education teachers in the Basque Country and their main limitations and emotional management strategies. To this end, a group of 72 teachers completed a questionnaire in which their attention, clarity and emotional reparation were evaluated. At the same time, by means of this questionnaire the teachers have defined which are the main problems they have when it comes to emotionally managing a classroom and how they work individually on their emotions. As can be seen from the results, most of them obtained adequate attention, clarity and reparation, although some of them obtained poor results. In addition, most of them agree on the limitations they encounter in managing emotions effectively in the classroom.","Jaiotzen garenetik, emozioak funtsezkoak dira gure eguneroko bizitzan, hortaz, garrantzi handia dute hezkuntzan. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan (GRAL), Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan jardunean dauden Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek duten adimen emozionala aztertu nahi da, baita haien kudeaketa emozionalerako estrategiak eta mugak ere. Horretarako, 72 irakaslek osatutako talde batek galdera-sorta bat bete du, haien arreta, argitasuna eta konponketa emozionala ebaluatzeko. Era berean, galdera-sorta honen bidez, irakasleek zehaztu dute zein diren ikasgela bat emozionalki kudeatzeko dituzten arazo nagusiak eta nola lan egiten duten banaka beren emozioetan. Emaitzetan ikusten denaren arabera, gehienek arreta, argitasun eta konponketa egokiak lortzen dituzte, baina baten batek alderdi hauek hobetu beharko ditu. Gainera, gehienak bat datoz ikasgelan emozioak eraginkortasunez kudeatzeko dituzten mugekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67685,2024-05-07,"Just as society is a reflection of education, education, or rather, our class, is influenced by society and therefore many of the attitudes and customs we see in the streets appear in our schools. At present, traditional gender stereotypes related to physical activity and sport persist in primary and secondary school students. Among the contents taught in Physical Education are activities that are culturally loaded with gender and continue to maintain a binary view of the male and female body. In order to focus fully on this topic, on the one hand, I have prepared a survey for the students of the Aldaialde Primary School; and on the other hand, I have conducted an interview with a professional woman from the Domusa Technique. These two studies have reflected the current reality, as it has been found that gender inequalities still persist and unfortunately some gender stereotypes have been confirmed. Among boys, girls perform less physical activity and the loss of referents is remarkable, highlighting in this aspect the responsibility of Physical Education and the school in general, since it can be a great help bringing referents to school or carrying forward a holistic vision that can have a positive impact on girls. On the other hand, it is observed that the support received by professional women is still in demand, but in the professional aspect it can be concluded that the trend is quite positive. Gender equality in sport is closer, but there is still a lot of work to be done and the young people of today the future, so it can be said that the situation of women is in their hands and as we have been taught, we have to teach them to fight.","Gizartea hezkuntzaren isla den bezala, hezkuntza, edo hobeto esanda gure ikasgela, gizartearen eraginpean dago eta horregatik, kaleetan ikusten ditugun jarrera eta ohitura asko gure ikastetxeetan agertzen dira. Gaur egun, jarduera fisikoarekin eta kirolarekin lotutako genero-estereotipo tradizionalek bere horretan diraute Lehen eta Bigarren Hezkuntzako ikasleengan. Gorputz Hezkuntzan irakasten diren edukien artean, generoaren kultura-karga handia dakarten jarduerak daude, eta oraindik ere gizonezkoen eta emakumezkoen gorputzaren ikuspegi bitarrari eusten zaio. Gaia honetan bete-betean murgiltzeko, alde batetik, Lehen Hezkuntzako Aldaialde eskolako ikasleentzat inkesta bat prestatu dut; eta beste aldetik, Domusa Teknikako emakume profesional batekin elkarrizketa bat eraman dut aurrera. Bi ikerketa hauek egungo errealitatea islatu dute, izan ere, oraindik genero desberdintasunak jarraitzen dutela ikusi da eta tamalez, genero-estereotipo batzuk baieztatu dira. Umeen artean, neskek jarduera fisiko gutxiago egiten dute eta erreferenteen galera aipagarria da; alderdi honetan, Gorputz Hezkuntzak eta orokorrean eskolak duen erantzukizuna nabarmendu beharrekoa da, erreferenteak eskolara eramanez edota neskengan eragin positiboa izan dezaken ikuspegi holistikoa aurrera eramanez laguntza handia izan baitaiteke. Bestalde, emakume profesionalek jasotzen duten laguntza oraindik ere eskaka dela ikusi da, baina alderdi profesionalean joera nahiko positiboa dela ondorioztatu daiteke. Genero-berdintasuna kirolean gertuago dago, baina oraindik lan asko dago egiteko eta egungo gazteak etorkizuna, hortaz emakumeen egoera haien esku dagoela esan daiteke eta guri irakatsi diguten bezala, haiei lehiatzen irakatsi behar diegu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20520,2002,"The reception, presence and transmission of Greek-Latin culture and literature is almost definitively not one of the most researched areas of Basque Literature. Nor would it appear that the specific features of our literature are set to stir up any interest in matters which, in the end, are no more than collateral and whose results, one might imagine, would not be too different from those arrived at in studies concerning neighbouring literature. More than that of any of his contemporaries, perhaps the work of Etxeberri de Sara (XVII-XVIII) best lends itself to study within the framework of “reception-transmission” of the classical world. A great scholar of literature, a keen admirer of Axular and all that this outstanding writer meant to the development of Basque literature, this doctor from Lapurdi and resident in Azkoitia, did not live to see much of his work in print. The present article offers a set of comments regarding the approach required in order to study the classical Latin contribution to the texts that Etxeberri wrote for the Basque youth (“Escual-herrico gazteriari”) and the consequent interpretation arrived at in the light of the author’s debt to Axular’s ""Gero"". Theappendix includes a comparison of the texts by the two authors.","Ziurrenik, ez dira izan grekerazko eta latinezko kultura eta letren harrera, presentzia eta transmisioarena Euskal Literaturaren alorrean gehien ikertu diren gaiak. Orobat, ez dirudi gure literaturaren ezaugarriek aski albokoak diren eta, itxuraz, auzokoen literaturetan antzeko emaitzak erakutsiko lituzketen kontuengatik interes berezirik piztuko dutenik etorkizun hurbilean. Guztiarekin ere, XVII-XVIII. mendeetan barrena bizi izan zen Sarako Etxeberriren idazlanak garai hartako beste edozeinenak baino aproposagoak agertzen dira euskal gizataldeak mundu klasikoaz egin duen harrera eta transmisioa ikertzen hasteko. Letrazaletasun handikoa eta Axularren eta beronen obrak eta idaztankerak euskal literaturaren garapenari ekar ziezaioketen guztiaren mireslea, Azkoitiko mediku bilakatu zen idazle lapurtar honek ez zuen argitaraturik ikusi bere obraren zatirik garrantzitsuena. Honako artikulu honek agerian uzten du Etxeberriren ""Escual-herrico gazteriari"" delakoak Axularren Gero liburuarekiko dituen zorrak eta, halaber, oharkizun zenbait eskaintzen ditu bertan islatzen den latinezko ekarpen klasikoaren azterketarako eta interpretaziorako. Autore bien testu-erkaketa bat erans- ten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53963,2021-11-22,"Thanks to the development of renewable energies in recent years, the interest in electric cars is increasing in the automotive industry, being the efficiency of batteries a critical point. During the charging and discharging process, thermal energy is generated which, if not dispersed, can cause various problems such as the explosion of the batteries or the loss of their efficiency, among others. Consequently, the use of a cooling system is necessary. Until recently, the most widely used and consequently developed cooling elements within cooling systems have been air- and water-cooling elements. However, as a result of the continuous evolution of technology, a new cooling element has been created, the vapor chamber. The cooling process of this element takes place inside a chamber through the evaporation and condensation phases, obtaining several advantages over other elements. On the one hand, it presents better cooling compared to air-based cooling elements, since water and water vapor have better thermal conductivity. On the other hand, it is not necessary to use auxiliary equipment as in water-cooled elements since the entire process takes place inside the chamber. This work presents the design of a cooling system for a set formed by four batteries through a vapor chamber and the modelling of the liquid-gas flow that moves inside it, taking as a result the temperature changes suffered by the flow in the camera and the cycle experienced.","Azken urteotan emandako energia berriztagarrien garapenari esker, auto elektrikoen inguruko interesa nagusitzen ari da automobilgintzan, baterien efizientzia puntu kritiko bat izanik. Hauen kargatze zein deskargatze prozesuan, energia termikoa sortzen da, non barreiatu ezean hainbat arazo sor ditzakeen, hala nola baterien eztanda edota, hauen efizientziaren galera besteak beste. Honen ondorioz, beharrezkoa suertatzen da hozte- sistema baten erabilera. Orain dela gutxi arte, hozte-sistemen barnean gehien erabili eta ondorioz gehien garatu diren hozte-elementuak aire eta ur bidezkoak izan dira. Hala ere, teknologiaren eboluzio jarraituaren ondorioz, hozte-elementu berri bat sortu da, lurrun ganbera. Elementu honen hozte-prozesua ganbera baten barnean gertatzen da lurrunketa eta kondentsazio faseen bitartez. Honela, beste elementuen aurrean hainbat abantaila aurkezten ditu. Batetik, airea erabiltzen duten hozte-elementuekin alderatuz, hozketa hobea du, urak zein ur lurrunak eroankortasun termiko hobea baitu airearen aurrean. Bestalde, ur bidezko hozte-elementuekin alderatuz, aparteko elementuen beharra murriztu egiten da, prozesu osoa ganbera barnean gertatzen baita. Lan honetan, lau bateriaz osaturiko multzo baten lurrun ganbera bidezko hozte sistema baten diseinua eta bere barnean mugitzen den likido-gas fluxuaren modelizazioa azaltzen da, fluxuak ganbara barnean jasandako tenperatura aldaketak eta izandako zikloa emaitza gisa harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29252,2018-10-23,"Siemens, one of the largest manufacturers of industrial PLCs, has brought to the market a family of modules, called IoT2000 that, integrating within the ecosystem created by the brand, enables the exchange of data with other electronic control systems of low cost and/or open source, thus facilitating the contribution of solutions by third parties. In our case, we must provide a discreet solution to a liquid tank filling process, which already has a control system based on PLCs from the Siemens brand, with the minimum possible intervention on the system already in operation. As an initial approach, the client has been proposed to purchase an IoT2020 module and an Arduino module as an external data and control system, thus obtaining a system that automatically reads, processes and sends the data information of a process to a remote server through the use of communication protocols and Internet connection, to facilitate the upgrade of any plant to Industry 4.0 through the Internet of Things.","Gaur egungo PLC fabrikatzaile handienetariko bat Siemens da. Gainera, IoT2000 deitzen den modulu-familia bat merkaturatu du. Honek, kostu txikiko eta/edo iturburu irekia duten beste sistema elektroniko batzuekin datuak elkar trukatzeko aukera ematen du. Kasu honetan, konponbide diskretu bat eskaini behar diogu likido depositu bat betetzeko prozesuari. Depositu horrek jada badu PLCn oinarritutako Siemens markako kontrol sistema bat. Konponbide honek ahalik eta gutxien eragin behar du martxan dagoen sistemarengan. Erabiltzaileari IoT2020 bat erabiltzea proposatu zaio eta Arduino modulo bat kanpo sistema bezala erabiltzeko. Horrela, informazioa irakurtzen eta bidaltzen duen sistema bat lortzen da. Informazioa kanpoko zerbitzaile bati bidaltzen zaio komunikazio protokolo eta Internet konexio batetik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14006,2015-01-16,"Nowadays, children’s attitude towards mathematics is being questioned because of the low efficiency that the last researches show. The results of the investigation and subsequent analysis of the attitudes of primary school students appear. For this, a questionnaire taking internal and external variables into account has been devised. As a result, it has been concluded that the teacher’s profile and the methodology affect the students’ attitude and consequently their performance.","Gaur egun, matematikaranzko ikasleen jarrera eztabaidatzen da azken ikerketek erakusten duten etekin baxuagatik. Ikerketatik lortutako matematikaranzko ikasleen jarreraren emaitzak eta ondoko analisia gehitzen dira. Horretarako, galdeketa bat egin da barneko zein kanpoko aldagaiak kontuan izanez. Ondoren, bai irakaslearen profilak bai erabilitako metodologia eragiten dituztela ikasleen jarreran eta errendimenduan ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60863,2023-04-21,"In this Final Year Project (FYP) influence of strength in handball has been revised and investigated, to know the importance of its training and the methodologies that are followed to date. This FYP includes the last handball bibliography and contains two Spanish high-level trainers’ opinion to comprehend this topic. First of all, bibliography research is carried out about physical requirements, especially in strength, that have handball. Then, two physical Spanish trainers have been interviewed due to their experience in training handball players, concretely, 5 and 17 years. Finally, it concluded that strength is the most important and decisive physical quality in handball. However, it does not receive the attention that needs in its training, chiefly in Spain and in early ages. Furthermore, it concluded that specifying methodologies and strength training variables is complicated due to it is continuous fluctuation during the seasons. Therefore, further research is required to establish an adequate methodology of strength training.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) honetan indarrak eskubaloian duen eragina aztertzen da, ondoren bibliografiak eta lehen mailako prestatzaile fisikoek indarraren entrenamenduari ematen dioten garrantziaren inguruko iritzia jakin, eta hau entrenatzeko metodologia desberdinak ezagutzeko. Lehendabizi, eskubaloiaren eskakizun fisikoen inguruko, bereziki indarra eskakizunen inguruko, eta indarra lantzeko moduen inguruko lanketa bibliografiko bat egiten da. Ondoren, eskubaloiko goi mailako bi prestatzaile fisiko elkarrizketatzen dira, 5 eta 17 urte daramatzatenak goi mailako eskubaloi taldeen prestakuntza fisikoekin lan egiten. Lan honetatik ondoriozta daiteke, indarra eskubaloiko gaitasun fisiko garrantzitsu eta erabakigarriena dela; ez duela beharko lukeen garrantzia jasotzen, Espainia mailan eta formakuntza adinetan bereziki; eta arrazoi desberdinengatik indarra entrenatzeko metodologia edo aldagaiak zehazteko zailtasun handiak daudela, denboraldian zehar oso aldakorrak direlako. Honek, ikerketa gehiagoren beharra adierazten du" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16280,2015-12-01,The aim of this project is to design a crash test machine that will help the Formula Student team of the University. It will simulate the conditions of a real impact so the team will be able to test its car's impact attenuator. The selected solution will be justified with the right calculations and then presented in the Solidworks program. That will contribute to an easier understanding and a better analysis of the different parts of the design.,"Lan honen helburua talka entseguak betearazteko sortuko den makina baten diseinua proposatzea da. Unibertsitateko Formula Student taldearentzat baliagarri izango da, kotxearen kolpe-leungailuaren gaitasuna neurtzeko aukera izango baitute kideek. Makinaren funtzionamendu egokirako derrigorrezkoak diren kalkuluak egiteaz gain, Solidworks programan marraztuko da diseinua. Era horretan, errazago aztertu ahal izango dugu proposatutako ebazpena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67760,2024-05-08,"In the following pages we will investigate the factors that affect the decrease in the love of reading. To do this, we have carried out an investigation with all the pupils at a center in Durango, with the aim of responding to the objective set. The results of this research have shown certain inconsistencies between the pupils' answers and a new factor has appeared that had not been contemplated in the initial hypothesis, which has led us to change our point of view and has given us the opportunity to enrich the investigation.","Hurrengo orrialdeetan, irakurtzeko zaletasuna gutxitzea eragiten duten faktoreak aztertu ditugu. Horretarako, ikerketa bat egin dugu Durangoko ikastetxe bateko ikasle guztiekin, planteatutako helburuari erantzuteko. Ikerketa horren emaitzek zenbait inkongruentzia erakutsi dituzte ikasleen erantzunen artean, eta aurretik agertu ez den eragile berri bat agertu da. Horrek gure ikuspegia aldatzera eraman gaitu eta ikerketa aberasteko abagunea eskaini digu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36566,2019-11-27,"Abstract: doing the design of an injection mould the main aim of this project. This mould is going to be used to produce a plastic piece. The piece to be produced is a paint tray whose design and requirements will be provided by the client. Before making the design of the injection mould several analyses are made, for instance, the filling and cooling simulation. Thanks to these analyses we can get the best design and we can guarantee that the working of the mould is correct. The simulation will be done through the Moldflow Adviser program. Next, the design of all the components that make up the mould will be done. Guaranteeing all elements can withstand the stresses they have to stand during the manufacturing cycle of the pieces. Finally, the standard elements necessary for the union of all the elements of the designed mould have been added. The necessary plans of the components have been made and all the project documents have been written, where all factors that have been taken into account are specified and the decisions taken are explained.","Laburpena: proyektu honen helburu nagusia injekzio molde baten diseinua egitea da. Molde hau plastikozko pieza bat ekoizteko erabiliko da. Fabrikatuko den pieza pintura erretilu bat da. Piezaren diseinua eta baldintza guztiak bezeroak ezango ditu. Diseinua egin baino lehen analisi batzuk egingo dira, adibidez, injekzio eta hozte simulazioak. Analisi hauei esker diseinu hoberena lortuko da eta funzionamendu a ona izango dela garantizatuko da. Simulazioa Moldflow Adviser programaren bitartez egingo da. Seguidan, moldearen parte guztiak diseinatuko dira. Atal guzti hauek moldea funtzionamenduan dagoenean agertzen diren esfortzuak jasan ditzaketela ziurtatuz. Azkenik, elementu komertzialak sartu dira, moldearen parte guztiak zuzen lotzeko. Parte guztien planoak eta dokumentu guztiak egin dira. Dokumentuetan proyektua egiterakoan kontuan izan diren faktoreak eta hartutako erabakiak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26216,1994-12,"By considering some statistics of Latin American population and through an analysis of what is happening in Argentina, the existing poverty situation is presented together with the conflicts emerging from migrations and the victimization produced as result. Likewise, this paper underlines the need for fighting for homogeneousness, dialogue harmony, avoiding differences and looking for legal protection.","Latinoamerikar biztanlegoari buruzko zenbait estatistika kontuan hartuz, herri horietan dagoen beharraldi egoera, migrazioaren ondorioz sorturiko arazoak eta biktimizazioa azaltzen dira, Argentinan jazotzen den analisiaren bidez. Baita ere, homogeneitatea eta elkarrizketaren armonia lortu, desberdintasunak alderatu eta legeen gerizapena bilatzeko beharrean ekinez aritzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55067,2022-01-18,"In recent years, the situation of the Basque language has improved, as the percentage of Basque speakers has increased in the Basque Autonomous Community, Navarre and Iparralde. However, since the birth of euskara batua, it has gained great importance, gaining strength and leaving the other dialects in the background. The second level variants, the local languages, would be useful to work on at school, since the linguistic model that students bring to school is the basis for the formation of their learning. In other words, in order for the school to educate good speakers, along with the unified Basque, it is also necessary to work on the dialects and their variants to avoid the disappearance of generations. Therefore, the creation of different resources for its elaboration is unthinkable, since textbooks are not the only material consultation.","Azken urteetan euskararen egoera hobetu da, euskaldunen ehunekoa EAEn, Nafarroan eta Iparraldean nagusitu baita. Hala ere, euskara batua sortu zenetik, garrantzi handia hartu du, indarra hartuz eta bestelako euskalkiak bigarren maila batean utziz. Bigarren mailako aldaerak, tokian tokiko hizkuntzak, eskolan lantzea baliagarria izango litzateke, ikasleek eskolara ekartzen duten hizkuntza-eredua haien ikaskuntza eratzeko oinarria delako. Hau da, eskolak hiztun onak hezteko helburua izanik, euskara batuarekin batera, euskalkien eta haren aldaeren inguruan ere aritu behar da, belaunaldien desagerpena saihesteko. Beraz, hauek lantzeko baliabide desberdinen sorrera ezinbestekoa da, testuliburuak ez baitira kontsulta material bakarrak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32176,2019-03-26,"The purpose of this project is to specify the technical characteristics of the thermal installation necessary to provide cold and hot water services to current and newly-installed industrial processes in a marine aquaculture plant. For this, a large industrial chiller will be purchased in order to answer the existing thermal demand. Likewise, two pellet boilers will be installed so that they will serve as a back-up in case of breakdown or maintenance and, also, as support for the most critical months of the year. The main advantages of the solution provided are those that have to do with the environment, especially the low emissions it generates and the sustainability of the resources it uses as fuel. In the economic aspect, an improvement in terms of consumption is also achieved, and with this, a saving of the energy cost, necessary to operate the plant in comparison with the previous situation, in which the thermal demand was satisfied with fuel boilers. In the following document, it will be deepened about the calculations that have been necessary for ththe sizing of all the equipment that make up the engine room, as well as, of all the graphs and tables that allowed to carry out the previous feasibility study.","Proiektu honen helburua itsasoetako akuikultura instalazioetan ur hotz eta ur beroen hornikuntzan parte hartzen duten instalazio termikoen ezaugarri teknikoak zehaztea eta azaltzea da, bai gaur egungo bai instalazio berrietan. Horretarako, eskari termikoari hozgailu industrial handi baten bidez erantzuna emango zaio. Era berean, bi pellet galdar instalatuko dira, bai hondatze eta mantentze lanen kasuetan sostengu eman dezaten, baita urtean zehar hilabete kritikoetan laguntza gisa ere. Emandako konponbidea ingurumenaren aldetik abantail nagusiak dakartza. Alde batetik, emisioak nabari murriztuta ikusi dira, bestetik, erragai gisa erabiltzen diren baliabideen iraunkortasuna hobetu egin dira ere. Alderdi ekonomikoan, kontsumoak hobetu dira, beraz, energi kostuak aurreztea nabarmen lortu egin da, kontuan hartuta antzinako instalazioetan demanda termikoa fuel-olio galdaren bidez asetzen zirela. Dokumentuaren zehar, makina-aretoa osatzen duten ekipo guztiak dimentsionatzeko beharrezkoak diren kalkuluetan sakondu da, baita aurreko bideragarritasun-azterketak egiteko aukera eman zuten grafiko eta taula guztietan ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16397,2015-12-09,"The aim of this study is to analyze the body posture and back pain perception. Having regard to the prevalence this kind of disorders have nowadays, it seeks to present the situation and show the causes that lead to it. For that, we will both analyze changes in posture and back pain and its perception in 25 students from the Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences (UPV-EHU). We have performed a longitudinal analysis of two measurements: the first was done when they entered the faculty and the second at the last year of their studies. The QPS-200 Shekel Posture Analyzer scales was used to obtain numerical data about weight distribution. For back pain and its perception, the subjects filled in the NASS health questionnaire. Postural measurements detected higher variation between individuals, with a greater heterogeneity of the antero-posterior distribution in the first measurement (DS=9,33 eyes open and DS=9,99 eyes closed in 2012; DS=7,37 eyes open and DS=7,94 eyes closed in 2014). On the other hand, the only significant effect (p<0.05) is the measurement date. The perception of pain has increased (%64 of individuals in 2012; %72 of individuals in 2014) but the number of subjects suffering difficulties in daily life has declined (%28 in 2012; %20 in 2014).","Lan honen helburua egoera posturala eta bizkarreko minaren pertzepzioaren azterketa sakonagoa egitea da. Bizkarreko min zein desoreka posturalek gaur egun duten nagusitasuna ikusita, egoera azaleratu eta honen kausak zeintzuk diren ezagutu nahi dira. Honetarako UPV-EHUko Jarduera Fisikoaren eta Kirolaren Zientzien Fakultateko ikasleen (n=25) postura-aldaketak zein bizkarreko minaren magnitudea eta pertzepzioa nolakoak diren aztertuko ditugu. Egindako analisia longitudinala izan da. Ikasketetan sartu zirenean lehenengo neurketa egin zitzaien eta ikasketen azkeneko urtean azken neurketa. QPS-200 Shekel Posture Analyzer erremintari esker pisuaren banaketaren datu numerikoak lortu ditugu. Bizkarreko mina eta pertzepzioari dagozkienez, NASS osasun galdetegia erabili izan da. Posturaren neurketek erakutsi dutenez, bariazio handiena pertsonen artekoa da. Hetereogeneotasun handiena aurre-atze banaketak azaleratu duelarik, gehienbat lehenengo neurketan (2012: DS=9,33 begiak zabalik eta DS=9,99 begiak itxita; 2014: DS=7,37 begiak zabalik eta DS=7,94 begiak itxita). Aurkitu den efektu signifikatibo bakarra (p<0.05), bestalde, neurketa data da. Bizkarreko minaren pertzepzioak gora egin du urteak aurrera joan ahala (subjektuen %64 2012an; subjektuen %72 2014an) baina egunerokotasunean minak sortzen dituen zailtasunak behera egin du (%28 2012an; %20 2014an)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25094,2005,"Drugs appear to be a precocious case of globalization. The global legal frame has generated economic and logistic effects. Drug users’ rights are limited in two ways: the juridical and the socio-economical one. The penalisation of a solitary and private behaviour committed by adult persons can breach various fundamental freedoms. The policies of harm reduction appeared after the extension of AIDS, come to change this situation, at least partially.","Drogak mundializazio goiztiar bat direla esan dezakegu. Mundu mailako zuzenbide esparruan efektu ekonomiko eta logistikoak sortarazi ditu. Kontsumitzaileen eskubideak bi eremutan daude mugatuak: zuzenbide esparruan eta sozio-ekonomikoan. Helduen jarrera pribatu eta bakartien kontra legearekin jotzeak, hainbat oinarrizko eskubide urratu ditzake. HIESa ondoren sortu ziren arriskuen murrizketarako politikak, egoera hau aldatzen dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14425,2015-02-16,"The packet traffic being transported on networks nowadays is growing as demand requests. Moreover, in local networks and especially in private networks,more importance is given to the security in order to protect the data that resides in these networks. For this reason, it is important to use the minimum amount of time while implementing these security policies intended to maintain high performance data traffic, and ensuring their safety. In this project, the firewall will be analyzed, a security technique widely used in the business environment. A driver will be integrated into a previously known firewall system with the aim of looking for a improvement in the firewall’s performance in data networks.","Gaur egungo sareetan egunetik egunera garraiatzen den paketeen trafikoa handituz doa eskariak horrela behartzen duelako. Beste alde batetik, gure sareen eta batez ere sare pribatuen segurtasuna gero eta garrantzitsuagoa da, bertan dauden datuen eskuragarritasuna mugatze aldera. Ondorioz segurtasun teknika hauek aplikatzeko ahalik eta denbora gutxien erabiltzea garrantzitsua da sareak duen datu garraiorako errendimendu altua manten dezan, segurtasuna bermatua. Proiektu honetan, enpresa eta erakundeetan oso arruntak diren firewall, segurtasun tekniken inguruko azterketa egingo da. Firewall ezagun baten eta driver baten arteko integrazioa burutuko da firewallak sarean duen errendimendua hobetze aldera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57744,2022-09-15,"This research work analyses the opinions on the difficulties of coeducational training and interventions that early childhood educators have received, putting the issue of coeducation on table. Education can be a useful instrument against social inequality. In order to do so, the education system must be sensitized to this issue. In order to carry out the case study analysis, using a mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative), 20 early childhood educators filled in a questionnaire. According to the results of our research work, these educators should receive more, higher quality and more practical coeducational training. Finally, we have come to the conclusion that, contrary to what we thought at the beginning, both theoretical and practical aspects are worked on in the training.","Ikerketa lan honetan, hezkidetzaren ikergaia mahai gainean jarrita, Haur Hezkuntzako hezitzaileek jaso duten hezkidetza-formakuntzaz eta esku-hartze hezkidetzaileak gauzatzerakoan dituzten zailtasunen buruzko iritziak aztertzen dira. Izan ere, gizartean dagoen parekidetasun ezaren aurka, hezkuntza tresna baliagarria izan daiteke. Horretarako, ordea, hezkuntza-sistemak gai honekiko sentsibilizazioa izan behar du. Kasu azterketa aurrera eramateko, metodologia mistoa (kuantitatiboa eta kualitatiboa) erabiliz, galdetegi bat bete dute Haur Hezkuntzako 20 hezitzailek. Gure ikerketa lanetik ateratako emaitzen arabera, hezitzaile hauen ustez, formakuntza hezkidetzaile gehiago jaso beharko lukete, eta kalitate hobekoa eta praktikoagoa. Amaitzeko, ondorioztatu dugunez, baina, formakuntzan alderdi teoriko nahiz praktikoak lantzen dira, guk hasieran uste ez bezala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26217,1994-12,Starting from some considerations about punitive power and racism a study is carried out in respect of deplaced minorities and delinquence related to population movements by explaining problems and conflicts which appear with economic and cultural character. Defense of human rights is proposed further from the own culture or nationality.,"Zigor-agintea eta arrazakeriari buruzko gogoeta batzuetatik abiatuz, biztanlego mugimenduen eraginez sortutako gutxiengo eta gaizkintzaren ikerketa bat egiten da, agertzen diren ekonomiko eta kultur arazoak azalduz. Eta giza eskubideen gerizapen bat berezko kultur edo nazionalitatetik kanpo proposatzen da baita ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54012,2021-11-23,"In the world of aeronautics, the machining of titanium components with thin walls is a common practice. However, this practice is not a simple job, since it is very common the appearance of distortions generated by the effect of residual stresses, which are generated by the high mechanical and thermal loads induced on the surface by the machining. For this reason, this report proposes an empirical model focused on making predictions of residual stresses that are generated after the performance of a finishing method of a face milling process on Ti6Al4V titanium alloy. In order to carry out this study, previous studies have been done where a comparison of two methods of measuring residual stresses determines the most appropriate method for this study. In fact, these two methods are Hole Drilling and X-ray diffraction. In the same way, to evaluate the quality of the data, the variability of the selected measurement system has been analyzed by a study of repeatability and reproducibility. After both preliminary studies, milling tests were carried out to obtain the residual stress measurements required to build the model and validate it. By using an exponentially decaying cosine function and polynomial fits, the residual stress has been modelled as a function of the stress penetration depth from the surface and two cutting parameters, i.e., cutting speed and feed rate per tooth. Once the model was obtained, it was validated using experimental data different from those used for the development of the model. The results obtained show that the empirical model based on a exponentially decaying cosine function and first degree polynomial regressions can predict the residual stress profiles generated in the machining process. Therefore, the possibility of predicting the trend of these stresses allows a future implementation of distortion minimization methods through the control of these stresses.","Aeronautikaren munduan, lodiera txikiko paretak dituzten titaniozko osagaien mekanizazioa ohikoa da. Hala ere, praktika hori ez da lan erraza, oso ohikoa baita hondar-tentsioen eraginez sortutako distortsioak agertzea. Tentsio horiek mekanizazio gainazalean ematen diren karga mekaniko eta termiko handietatik sortzen direlarik. Hori dela eta, txosten hau Ti6Al4V titanio aleazioan fresaketa prozesu baten akabera metodo bat egin ondoren sortuko liratekeen hondar-tentsioen iragarpenean oinarritutako eredu enpiriko bat proposatzen du. Azterketa hori egiteko, aldez aurreko azterlan batzuk egin dira, zeintzuetan hondar-tentsioak neurtzeko bi metodo konparatu diren, proiektu hau aurrera eramateko metodorik egokiena aukeratzeko asmoz. Zehazki, bi metodo horiek zulo zulatuaren metodoa eta X izpien difrakzioa dira. Era berean, datuen kalitatea ebaluatzeko aukeratutako neurketa sistemaren errepikagarritasun eta erreproduzigarritasun azterketa bat egin da. Azaldutako bi azterketak egin ondoren, fresaketa saiakuntza batzuk egin dira, eta horietatik lortu dira eredua eraikitzeko eta balioztatzeko beharrezkoak diren hondar-tentsioen neurketak. Doitze ekuazio polinomikoak eta beheratze esponentzialeko funtzio kosenoidala erabiliz, hondar tentsioa modelizatu da gainazaletik tentsioen sartze-sakoneraren eta bi ebaketa parametroen arabera, hau da, ebaketa abiadura eta hortzeko aitzinapena. Eredua lortu ondoren, eredua sortzeko erabili ez diren datu esperimentalen bidez balioztatu da. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, beheratze esponentzialeko funtzio kosenoidala eta lehen mailako erregresio polinomikoetan oinarritutako eredu enpirikoak mekanizazio prozesuan sortzen diren hondar-tentsioaren profilak aurreikus ditzake. Beraz, tentsio horien joera aurreikusteko aukerari esker, etorkizunean distortsioak minimizatzeko metodoak ezar daitezke, tentsio horiek kontrolatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31768,2019-02-28,"Mediatic images and sounds take implicit messages which go beyond their appearance and are designed to spread either political, cultural, economical or social interests. The necessity is seen to plunge into the educommunication to make a deeper reading of those messages in Primary Education and to develop the critical thought around the media literacy. For it, a dialogic conversation by means of educommunication between mediatic images and the students has been promoted, being the departure point of the intervention an observation that allows to talk about the interests of the students. As noted from the results, educommunication helps to show a critical position forehead implicit audiovisual messages from mass media.","Irudi eta soinu mediatikoek adierazten dutena baino haratago doazen mezuak daramatzate inplizituki eta edonolako interes politiko, kultural, ekonomiko zein sozialak zabaltzeko diseinatuak daude. Lehen Hezkuntzan mezu horien irakurketa sakonago bat egiteko eta alfabetatze mediatikoaren inguruan pentsamendu kritikoa garatzeko, edukomunikazioan murgiltzeko beharrizana ikusten da. Horretarako, edukomunikazioan oinarrituta, irudi mediatikoen eta ikasleen arteko elkarrizketa dialogiko bat sustatu da, esku-hartzearen abiapuntua behaketa bat izanik ikasleen interesen inguruan solasean aritzeko. Emaitzetatik ondorioztatu da edukomunikazioak laguntzen duela jarrera kritiko bat aurkezten komunikabideetako ikusentzunezko mezu inplizituen aurrean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29529,2018-11-02,"The purpose of this project is to specify the design and definition of the required elements for the air conditioning of a tanker wheelhouse that works in the Mediterranean sea. For that, the necessary calculations, plans, legislation, budget, maintenance guide, security study and the elements that make up the installation are included.","Proiektu honek Mediterraneo itsasoan lan egiteko suposatuta dagoen itsasontzi baten zubiaren klimatizazioari buruz datza. Helburua instalaziorako beharrezkoak diren elementuak justifikatzea da. Horretarako beharrezkoak diren kalkuluak, arauak, elementuen aukeraketa, planoak, aurrekontua, mantentze gida, segurtasun ikerketa eta kondizioak gehitzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37113,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the aim of this End-of-Degree project is to analyse the parametrization in biointeligent algorithms and use the achieved results to optimize the working process of Virtual Power Plants. The first step will be to explain the current scenario of the energy and electricity and then, a new technique that in the future can be a reference for generation and distribution is going to be developed theoretically and practically.","Laburpena: gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia algoritmo biointeligente bat parametrizatzea eta lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituz, Zentral Elektriko Birtual baten optimizazio prozesuan lagundu ahal duten ondorioak ateratzea da. Horretarako lehenenik energia eta elektrizitatearen egoeraren sarrera eta azterketa bat egingo da eta ondoren, etorkizunean energiaren generazio eta kudeaketa arloan erreferentzia izan daitekeen metodologiaren garapen teoriko eta praktiko bat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53937,2021-11-22,"Inglés: The hot stamping process is a manufacturing technology based on deform a previously up to recrystallization temperature heated metal. The dies used as tools, are a complex fabrication an elevated add value pieces, in which temperature sensor integration is not an easy task. The intention is to study the viability of the integration of sensors in dies, without harming any of both parts, to measure in real time temperature parameters during the hot stamping process. For that, it is proposed to use the laser metal deposition (LMD) technology due to its suitable characteristics for complex surfaces and available material working.","Euskera: Beroko estanpazio prozesua, lehenago berkristalizazio tenperatura baino gehiagora berotutako metal baten deformazioan basatutako fabrikazio teknologia bat da. Trokelak, tresna bezala erabiliak, fabrikazio konplexuko eta balio erantsi altuko piezak dira eta bertan tenperatura sentsoreak integratzea prozesu konplexua suposatzen du. Trokeleria moldeetan sentsore integrazioa ea bideragarria den aztertzea da helburua, edozein zatiren funtzionamendua larritu gabe, beraien integritate metalurgikoa bermatuz, momentuko tenperatura parametroak neurtzeko estanpazio prozesuan. Horretarako, laser prozesu gehigarria (LMD) erabiltzea proposatzen da, kasu honetan izandako materialekin eta gainazal konplexuekin lan egiteko teknologia egokia delako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43068,2020-05-07,"The distribution of playgrounds for decades, has resulted in the obtaining of standardised and not gender-neutral spaces, where the tracks and sports games fields predominate by conditioning the activities, the dynamics and relationships among students, reaching certain hierarchies and inequalities determined by the gender. Nowadays, more and more schools, that in order to break with these discriminations and make the position of power and privilege of the men toward women visible, transform their playgrounds taking as reference the criteria given by the gender perspective in urban planning. In addition, considered the playground as a space of educational character, guarantee a space which focuses equally on the needs and desires of the students, bringing numerous benefits in teaching and learning processes. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse the distribution and uses of recreational areas, implementing a feminist vision, in order to rethink and look for ways of obtaining equal and coexistence spaces, implementing, as well, inclusive values. To do this, there have been implemented various investigative techniques, a survey, an analysis of “ideal playgrounds” maps and an interview with “Elkartoki”, a pedagogical and participatory project for the transformation of school spaces.","Duela zenbait hamarkada eskolen patioek aurkeztu izan duten espaziobanaketak, espazio estandarizatuak eta ez neutroak ekarri ditu generoari dagokionez, non pistak eta kirol jolas eremuak nagusitzen diren, bestelako jarduera, dinamika eta ikasleen harremanen gainetik. Honen ondorioz, hierarkia eta desberdintasunak sortu izan dira generoaren arabera. Gaur egun, gero eta ikastetxe gehiago dira, diskriminazio egoerekin bukatu nahian eta gizonezkoek emakumezkoengan dituzten botere eta abantailak ikusgai egitea helburu dutenak. Hau lortzeko, jolastokiak eraldatzen dituzte hirigintzako genero ikuspuntuaren irizpideen arabera. Gainera, jolastokiak izaera hezigarriak direla kontutan izanda eta berdintasunean ikasleen nahiak eta desirak ziurtatzeak, onura ugari dakartza irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesuan. Laburbilduz, ikerketaren helburua jolastokien espazio-banaketa eta bertan ematen diren erabilerak aztertzea da, ikuspegi feminista inplementatuz. Horretarako, berdintasunezko espazioak lortzeko formulak bilatu behar dira, bizikidetasun eta balore inklusiboak kontutan izanik. Hori lortzeko, ikerketa teknika ezberdinak praktikan jarri dira; hala nola, inkesta bat, “jolastoki idealaren” mapen analisia eta Ekartoki-ri elkarrizketa, proiektu pedagogiko eta parte-hartzaile bat ikastetxeen espazioen eraldaketarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25352,1999,"On undertaking a penal reform, the legislator find the difficulty of the detailed development of the principles on which Penal Law must be based: the principle of legality, guilt, proportionality and alternativity of penalties, the rehabilitation purpose of the penalties, the victims protection... After an analysis of these principles the changes introduced by the Law 8/1983 of june the 25th, for the Penal Code Reform, are stated and expounded.","Legelariak eraberritze penal baten aurrean Kode penalak kontutan hartu behar dituen jarraipideak garatzeko zailtasunak izaten ditu; legalitate jarraipidea, kausalitatea, proportzionalitatea, zigorren alternatibak, zigorren helburu birgaitzailea, biktimen babesa e.a. Jarraipide horien analisia egin ondoren, Kode penalaren eraberritzean 8/1983-ko Ekainaren 25-eko Lege Organikoan barneratzen diren aldaketak komentatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25779,2018-03-20,"This project intends to make the choice of the most suitable technology for the installation of a trigeneration plant (joint generation of electricity, heat and cold) in a hospital in Vizcaya. First, we present the context in which our object of study is located, highlighting the importance of energy efficiency and what role trigeneration plays in helping to promote it. Subsequently, the scope will be determined, in which we describe the different technologies that will be considered, and the expected benefits when carrying out this project. In the following sections, the different calculations and / or analyzes are carried out in which it is decided what type of technology to install, in terms of economic, thermodynamic and reliability terms. Project planning will also be described, listing the corresponding tasks carried out and displaying them in a Gantt chart. In addition, two detailed budgets will be shown: one of them will be formed by the different items (internal hours, expenses, ...), finally showing the total cost of the project. On the other hand, the other budget will show the cost of the different elements and services that make up the project. Finally, the main conclusions drawn during the execution of the work and that are considered of vital importance after the completion of the project will be described.","Proiektu honen helburua da trigenerazio planta bat (elektrizitatea, beroa eta hotza sortzea) Bizkaieko ospitaleko instalazio teknologiko bat aukeratzea. Lehenik eta behin, aztergai dugun testuingurua aurkezten dugu, eraginkortasun energetikoaren garrantzia azpimarratuz eta zer rolak darabiltzan. Ondoren, esparrua zehaztuko da. Horretarako, kontuan hartuko ditugun teknologiak deskribatuko ditugu eta proiektu hau burutzeko espero diren onurak. Ondorengo ataletan kalkulu eta/edo analisi desberdinak egiten direnean, zer teknologia instalatu behar den erabakitzen da, ekonomiaren, termodinamikaren eta fidagarritasunaren arabera. Proiektuaren plangintza ere deskribatuko da, dagokion zereginak zerrendatuta eta Gantt diagrama batean bistaratzeko. Horrez gain, aurrekontu bi zehatzak erakutsiko dira: horietako bat osagai desberdinek osatzen dute (barne-orduak, gastuak, ...), azkenik proiektuaren kostu osoa erakutsiz. Bestalde, beste aurrekontuak proiektuaren osagai eta zerbitzu desberdinen kostua erakutsiko du. Azkenean, proiektuaren burutzapenaren ondoren, funtsezkoa izango da lanaren exekuzioan ateratako ondorio nagusiak deskribatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26211,1991,"The main findings concerning the genesis, development and maintenance of aggressive behaviour are shown here.","Jokabide agresiboaren genesi, garapen eta eusteari buruzko aurkipen nagusiak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60280,2023-03-06,"The aim of this work is to analyze the situation of an active methodology such as Challenge-Based Learning in the subject of Physical Education. This methodology seeks for the student to solve challenges of daily life. Through it, it is intended to promote healthy habits in students, which consists of improving the quality of life and is related to concepts such as a balanced diet and physical activity. For this, a bibliographic review is carried out in which twelve articles are analyzed, from these articles conclusions are drawn that are used as the basis for the design of a didactic proposal.","Lanaren helburua Erronketan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntza metodologia aktiboaren egoera Gorputz Hezkuntza irakasgaian aztertzea da. Metodologia honek, ikasleak eguneroko bizitzako erronkak konpontzea bilakatzen du. Horren bidez, ohitura osasungarriak sustatu nahi dira ikasleengan, bizi-kalitatea hobetzeko, bertan, elikadura orekatua eta jarduera fisikoa bezalako kontzeptuak barne hartzen dira. Horretarako, berrikuspen bibliografiko bat egiten da, non hamabi artikulu aztertzen baitira. Artikulu horietatik ondorioak ateratzen dira, proposamen didaktiko bat diseinatzeko oinarri gisa erabiltzen direnak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58952,2022-12-20,"The health crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has had serious consequences at different levels, with 2020 state home confinement being one of the first and newer. Despite the social isolation, during this, different solidarity experiences were carried out to try to alleviate the direct consequences of the pandemic on the most vulnerable people. Specifically, in Errenteria, the Public-Community Care Network was launched in a participatory manner to respond to this phenomenon from the community. In the following pages I will try to explain this concrete experience carried out in a community-participatory way and I will analyze the different aspects of this network in reference to the analytical framework on the variegated neoliberalization and responses from the local level.","Covid-19ko pandemiak sortutako osasun krisiak ondorio larriak sortarazi ditu hainbat esparrutan, 2020ko estatu mailako etxeratze agindua lehenetarikoa eta berrienetarikoa izanik. Nahiz eta sozialki isolatuak egon, honetan, hainbat experientzia solidario burutu ziren zuhurgarritasun egoeran dauden pertsonei laguntzearren. Errenterian zehazki, Zaintza Sare Publiko-Komunitarioa martxan jarri zen, modu parte hartzaile batean, komunitatetik erantzun bat emateko. Hurrengo orrialdeetan, experientzia komunitario-parte hartzaile hau azaltzen saiatuko naiz sare honen alderdi ezberdinen analisia burutuz, neoliberalizazio aldaeren eta maila lokaleko erantzunei buruzko sortutako marko analitikoari erreferentzia eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25114,2004,"There are numerous documents of the Council of Europe related to the violence in the sport spectacles problem, and these one are part of the sport in general documents. Thus, the Council of Europe actions in this field are detailed, enumerating the dispositions in this matter and commenting their content. Likewise, the most important aspects of the Polish legislation aimed to guarantee the security of the sport events in Poland are explained.","Kirol arloan ematen den gazteri biolentziarekin erlazionatutako Europar Kontseiluko dokumentuak asko dira eta Kirolari buruzko dokumentazio orokorreko parte dira. Horrela, Europar Kontseiluak, kirol arloan egiten dituen ekintzak aztertzen dira, arlo honetako xedapenak zenbatuz, eta beren edukina aztertuz. Hau hala izanik, Poloniak kirol ekintzak babesteko duen legeriari buruzko ezaugarri garrantzitsuenak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68433,2024-06-14,"Emotions are part of our lives since we are born, as individuals and being part of our development in society. The main objective of this qualitative research is to analyze the importance and necessity of emotional competence and emotional well-being in initial and continuous teacher training. For this purpose, the Focus Group tool has been used to listen to the ideas and experiences of students and teachers. The voices of these participants have transmitted to us that it is essential to build proposals for action to improve the emotional skills of teachers of the future and the present, taking into account that dramatization and Information and Communication Technologies are innovative and appropriate resources to carry out this process. Teachers deserve to receive comprehensive and quality attention that allows them to achieve emotional well-being and a positive professional identity. Education must begin with teachers to ensure a positive and enriching educational future.","Emozioak gure bizitzaren parte dira jaiotzen garenetik, gizabanako gisa eta gizartean dugun garapenaren parte izanik. Ikerketa kualitatibo honen helburu nagusia irakasleen hasierako eta etengabeko prestakuntzan konpetentzia emozionala eta ongizate emozionalak duten garrantzia eta beharra aztertzea da. Horretarako, ikasleen eta irakasleen ideiak eta esperientziak entzuteko talde fokala tresna erabili da. Parte-hartzaile horien ahotsek helarazi digutenez, etorkizuneko eta egungo irakasleen gaitasun emozionalak hobetzeko jarduera-proposamenak eraikitzea ezinbestekoa da, dramatizazioa eta Informazioaren eta Komunikazioaren Teknologiak prozesu hori gauzatzeko baliabide berritzaile eta egokiak direla kontuan hartuta. Irakasleek arreta integrala eta kalitatezkoa jasotzea merezi dute, ongizate emozionala eta nortasun profesional positiboa lortu ahal izateko. Hezkuntza irakasleekin hasi behar da, hezkuntza-etorkizun positiboa eta aberasgarria ziurtatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67703,2024-05-07,"Based on the need to teach pupils scientific and technological literacy, engineering practices are presented as a way of putting theoretical knowledge into practice to solve problems related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda, such as the case of the energy transition. This article shows the results of a scientific research carried out with 21 third-year primary school students in a school in Vitoria. Engineering practices were introduced experimentally through two sessions, the first to build a paper helicopter, and the second to build a ramp structure with the aim of knocking down wooden blocks. The students' behaviours and whether the intervention was suitable for internalising energy-related knowledge were observed qualitatively, and they were also questioned about their motivation for practice and level of satisfaction. The results showed that the engineering practices are suitable for teaching energy-related content in a primary school classroom. The level of satisfaction in the surveys was very positive, but there were some methodological problems in measuring learning. Finally, the observed behaviours showed that engineering practices are a very suitable methodology for natural science teachers who want to work on self-regulation, creativity and cooperative work.","Ikasleak arlo zientifiko-teknologikoan alfabetatzeko beharretik abiatuta, ingeniaritza-praktikak aurkezten dira Agenda 2030eko Garapen Iraunkorreko Helburuekin (GJH) lotutako arazoak konpontzeko balio dezaketen ezagutza teorikoak praktikan jartzeko, adibidez trantsizio energetikoaren kasuan. Txosten honetan, Gasteizko ikastetxe batean Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren mailako 21 ikaslerekin egindako ikerketa zientifiko baten emaitzak erakusten dira. Ingeniaritza-praktikak bi saiotan burutu ziren modu esperimentalean: lehena, paperezko helikoptero bat eraikitzeko, eta bigarrena, egurrezko blokeak eraisteko arrapalez osatutako egiturak erabiliz. Kualitatiboki ikasleen portaerak behatu ziren, eta esku-hartzea energiarekin zerikusia duten ezagutzak barneratzeko egokia izan bazen, praktikarako motibazioaz eta asebetetze mailaz ere galdetu zitzaien. Emaitzek erakutsi zuten ingeniaritza-praktikak egokiak direla energiarekin lotutako edukiak irakasteko Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean. Inkesten gogobetetze-maila oso positiboa izan zen, baina zenbait arazo metodologiko izan ziren ikaskuntza neurtzeko. Azkenik, behatutako jarrerek erakutsi zuten ingeniaritzako praktikak metodologia egokia direla autorregulazioa, sormena eta lan kooperatiboa landu nahi duten natur zientzietako irakasleentzat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26610,1987,"Analysis of the different functions and the intervention of the Institution, done from the appraisal of its analysis patterns.",Funtzio ezberdinen azterketa eta Erakundearen eskunartzea aztertzeko ereduen ebaluazioaren bidez burutuko dira. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28329,2014,"This paper focuses on the Neolithic of the NE of the Iberian Peninsula. From the analysis of the grave goods of individual tombs, we try to document the type of relation that existed between members of the same community, and more specifically between men and women. Detailed observation of the material from these contexts shows us its unequal distribution, not only in terms of sex and age of individuals. This probably could be explained by social and economic reasons, the complexity of which still escapes us today. Chasing an explanatory approach to this complexity, we consider an extended research including data from multiple and collective graves and anthropological studies that could help us to answer still outstanding questions like if the difference of funerary material between men and women actually reveals a sexual division of labor? Does this sexual division of labor imply exploitation and unequal relationship?","Lan hau Iberiar Penintsularen ipar-ekialdeko Neolitoari buruzkoa da. Banakako hilobien hatuen azterketatik abiatuz, komunitateko kide desberdinen arteko harremanei buruz informazioa biltzen saiatu gara, gizonen eta emakumeen arteko harremanei buruz bereziki. Kontestu hauetatik datozen materialen analisi zehatzak banaketa desberdina jartzen du agerian. Ziur aski hau, gaur egun konplexutasun ulertezinekoak diren arrazoi sozial eta ekonomikoen bidez azaldu daiteke. Gure ustez, posiblea izango litzateke konplexutasun honi azalpen bat bilatzea hilobiratze anitzen eta kolektiboen eta analisi antropologikoen datuak sartuz eta, modu honetan, oraindik zintzilik dauden hainbat galderei erantzutea, adibidez: Gizonen eta emakumeen hileta materialen arteko desberdintasunak kontestu hauetan lanaren banaketa sexualaren isla da? Lanaren banaketa sexual honek esplotazio eta harreman desberdinak esan nahiko luke?" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19926,2016-12-21,"In this project an air conditioning system and a domestic hot water production system will be designed, with the aim of satisfying the necessities required by the limited company Marqués de Murrieta S.L. More precisely, the installation will take place in a winery situated in the city of Logroño. After discussing the client’s exact requirements and the benefits he will obtain once the project is completely carried out, the possible different options will be considered, taking into account the winery’s own characteristics and its climatic environment. After evaluating the advantages and disadvantages, the selected option will be described in detail, explaining the features of the main equipment that will be part of the choice. Since the power of the installation is so high, it will be obligatory to meet some standards and procedures in order to be within the law. That will be justified in one of the following sections. Next, the thermal powers required by each of the areas of the winery that have to be air-conditioned will be calculated, and so will the characteristics and the dimensions of all the main elements responsible for confronting it. The methods used for the measuring of the water pipes and ducts will be also explained. Finally, the budget that the whole installation involves will be shown. It includes materials, labour costs and the start-up of the equipment installed. The project will end by exposing the conclusions reached. (English)","Proiektu honetan aire girotuko eta etxeko ur beroaren produkziorako instalakuntza diseinatu egiten da, Marqués de Murrieta S.L. sozietate mugatuak adierazitako beharrak betetzeko xedez, honek Logroñoko udalerrian duen bodegan ezartzeko asmoz. Bezeroaren eskakizunak eta instalakuntza behin betiko fisikoki eginda dagoenean honek lortuko dituen onurak komentatu ondoren, aplikatu daitezkeen aukera ezberdinak ikertuko dira bodega beraren eta bere eremu klimatikoaren ezaugarriak kontuan harturik. Behin abantailak eta desabantailak baloratuta daudelarik, aukeratutako alternatiba zehazteari ekingo zaio, bertan parte hartuko duten ekipo nagusien karakteristikak azalduz. Potentzia handiko instalakuntza bat izanda, derrigorrez arautegi eta prozedura batzuk bete behar ditu legala izan dadin, eta horrela dela justifikatuko da hurrengo atal batean. Jarraian, klimatizatu beharreko zona guztiek behar dituzten potentzia termikoak kalkulatuko dira, eta baita ere elementu nagusiek izan beharko dituzten ezaugarriak eta dimentsioak horiei aurre egiteko. Aldi berean, hoditeria eta aire konduktuak dimentsionatzeko jarraitutako metodoak azalduko dira. Azkenik, instalakuntza osoak suposatzen duen aurrekontua azalduko da, zeinak bai materialak eta baita eskulana eta ekipo guztien abiaraztea ere barne hartuko dituen, eta proiektuari bukaera emango zaio lortutako ondorioak agerian jarriz. (Euskara)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36548,2019-11-27,"Abstract: Unlike the purely structural pathologies, the technical damages produced in urban systems have not been thoroughly studied until recently.As a result, the nature and seriousness of its consequences are widely unknown. Moreover, the fact thatsuch damages are not overtly examined in theprovisions of current regulations is remarkable.The present study is about the elaborationof a methodology for risk assessment in the urban systems of residential houses.Additionally, it analyses the different legal ways of claim, together with the study of the most relevant technical pathologies and itsregulations","Laburpena: Orain arte, etxebizitzen urbanizazio sistemetan sortutako kalte teknikoak ez dira sakonkiaztertu. Horren ondorioz, bere izaera eta larritasunari buruzkoezjakintasunnabarmenahedatu da. Gainera, azpimarratzekoa da kaltehoriekez direla gaur egungo araudian aurreikusten.Dokumentu honetan, etxebizitzen urbanizazio sistemenkalte teknikoen arriskua ebaluatzeko metodologia garatzen da. Horrez gain, erreklamazio juridiko ezberdinak aztertuko dira, patologiateknikonabarmenak, eta horiei dagozkien arauez betetzeak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23135,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to design the process of deep drawing of an automotive sector piece, specifically the door of a car. It will be taken as starting point the design and characteristics of the sheet metal material provided by the automobile manufacturer, seeking to perform the process as efficiently as possible. In order to achieve this, simulations will be made using a drawing simulator software (PAM-STAMP) based on the CAD of the part in IGS format, which will allow to choose the most convenient parameters.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua automozio sektoreko pieza baten enbutizio prozesua diseinatzea da, konkretuki auto baten ate batena. Automobil fabrikatzaileak emandako diseinutik eta materialaren propietateetatik hasiko da, prozesua ahalik eta modurik efizienteenean egiten saiatuz. Hau lortzeko, piezaren CAD- etik (IGS formatuan emanda) hasita, simulazioak egingo dira enbutizio simulazio software bat erabiliz (PAM-STAMP), honela simulazio hauek parametro komenigarrienak aukeratzea ahalbidetuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62947,2023-07-06,"In an emergency situation, there are two main roles. At first glance, the victim may be considered the only one directly harmed by the event. However, without underestimating the reality of these, every situation has its flip side. On the hidden side of emergencies, there is the role of the rescuer, who, even if presented as a heroic figure, can be studied from the victimological perspective. In this sense, we are talking about firefighters, since they are the professionals who are frequently on the front line, and it is possible that their reality is equally shaken. Thus, the present study aims to examine the challenges, risks and exposures faced by this group of workers. In order to provide a comprehensive analysis of the possible consequences of this position in a potentially traumatic or stressful situation, a variety of aspects will be considered. These include both the psychological and physical consequences, as well as the preventive strategies that exist in the case of a possible victimization, without forgetting the perception of the firefighters themselves in terms of training and support resources. The main objective is to offer a victimological perspective, as well as to provide broad knowledge about the health of these professionals. The aim is also to raise awareness of the harm caused by their deterioration, since this is an issue that concerns society in general and their victimization in particular. After all, their well-being has an impact on the well-being of everyone else.","Larrialdi-ezaugarriak dituen egoera baten aurrean, bi rol nagusi daude. Lehenik eta behin, pentsa daiteke biktima dela gertaeraren zuzeneko kaltetu bakarra. Hala ere, horien errealitateari muzin egin gabe, eszenatoki orok du bere atzealdea. Larrialdien atzean salbatzailearen rola dago, figura heroiko gisa aurkezten bada ere, ikuspegi biktimologikotik azter daitekeena. Zentzu horretan, suhiltzaileez ari naiz, sarritan lehen lerroan dauden profesionalak baitira, eta haien errealitatea ere astindu egin daiteke. Beraz, azterlan honen bidez, lan-kolektibo horrek aurre egin beharreko erronkak, arriskuak eta esposizioak aztertu nahi dira. Kargu horrek traumatikoa edo estresagarria izan daitekeen egoera baten aurrean izan ditzakeen ondorioen azterketa osoa egiteko, hainbat alderdi izango dira kontuan. Horien barruan, ondorio psikologiko eta fisikoak, baita balizko biktimizazioari begira dauden prebentzio-estrategiak, eta suhiltzaileek prestakuntza eta laguntzarako baliabideei buruz duten pertzepzioak sartzen dira. Helburu nagusi gisa, ikuspegi biktimologikoa eskaintzearen garrantzia nabarmentzen da, baita profesional horien osasunari buruzko ezagutza zabala ematearena ere. Beraz, ondoezak dakarren kalteaz kontzientziatzea da helburua, gizarteari, oro har, eta haren biktimizazioari, bereziki, dagokion gaia baita. Azken finean, bere ongizateak beste guztien ongizateari eragiten dio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58173,2022-10-24,"No education system is perfect, that is, everyone can get better. From a criminal standpoint, education should be able to inhibit or reduce crime rates. But because of the deficiencies or defects of existing education, it is not fulfilling this goal. In particular, the education system in the Basque Autonomous Community has several vacancies that promote risk factors for criminality. So by examining our education regulations, analyzing the educational methodology used by other countries, and interviewing three people closely related to education, I have detected defects in the education system that affect criminality. But all errors are remediable. But we shall only be able to improve them by the cooperation of all the members of society.","Hezkuntza sistema bat bera ere ez da perfektua, hots, guztiak hobetu daitezke. Ikuspuntu kriminologikotik, hezkuntzak kriminalitate tasak inhibitzeko edo murrizteko gai izan beharko luke. Baina egungo hezkuntzek dituzten gabeziak nahiz akatsak direla eta, ez da helburu hori betetzen ari. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan indarrean dagoen hezkuntza sistemak, konkretuki, hainbat hutsune ditu kriminalitaterako arrisku faktoreak sustatzen dituena. Hori dela eta, gure heziketaren araudia aztertuz, beste herrialdeek erabiltzen duten heziketa metodologia analizatuz eta hezkuntzarekin harreman estua duten 3 pertsona elkarrizketatuz, kriminalitatean eragiten duten hezkuntza sistemako akatsak detektatu ditut. Halere, oker guztiak konpongarriak dira. Baina soilik gizarteko kide guztien lankidetzaren bidez izango gara gai horiek hobetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54094,2021-11-25,"For the Basque people, the improvisation of verses is an essential part of the Basque culture and eventhough it is slowly extending, still more work needs to be done in order to develop and expand. Therefore, this is an end of year assignment based in the project “Bertsolaritza Ikastetxean”. In order to do the analysis of this project, it has been taken to account the questionnaire done to some members of the “Bertsozale Elkartea”. Based on the answers of the members of the “Bertsozale Elkartea”, I have contrasted the positives and negatives aspects of the project with the purpose of creating a didactic proposal in order to give complexity to the project.","Euskaldunontzat bertsolaritza euskal kulturako zati nagusienetako bat dugu eta bertsolaritza poliki poliki are eta gehiago hedatzen doan arren oraindik ere gehiago sustatzeko eta zabaltzeko lanean jarraitu behar da. Hori dela eta, “Bertsolaritza ikastetxean” proiektuan oinarritutako Gradu Amaierako Lana da hau. Honen azterketa egiteko Bertsozale Elkartean lan egiten duten lankideei eginiko galdetegiak hartu dira kontutan. Bertan irakasleek emandako erantzunez baliaturik egitasmo honek dauzkan onurak eta gabeziak ondorioztatu ditut eta proposmen didaktiko bat sortu dut alderdi guzti horiek asetu eta proiektuari konplexutasun puntu bat sartzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14054,2015-01-19,"In the following lines we will review the areas taking into account in order to promote the development of students at school. First, we will analyze the thought of those who prioritized the development of cognitive intelligence together with the first IQ tests. Next, in order to promote the integral development of students, we will explain the significance of the emotional area which was brought about together with multiple intelligences. Additionally, in order to promote emotional development we will review the contributions it has made to integral development. Finally, we will move from theory to practice and create a teaching sequence to respond to the real circumstances found in schools, by means of dramatization.","Ondorengo lerroetan eskolan ikasleen garapena sustatzeko orduan kontuan hartu diren alderdiak aztertuko dira. Alde batetik urteetan zehar inteligentzia kognitiboa garatzea garrantzitsuena denaren ikuspuntuaren azalpenak agertzen dira, baita hau neurtzeko sortu ziren lehenengo probak aipatu ere. Bestetik, ikaslearen garapen integrala sustatzeko bidean, inteligentzia anitzen agerpenarekin alderdi emozionala garatzeari eman zitzaion garrantzia azaltzen da. Ondoren, ikaslearen garapen emozionala sustatzeko bidean hezkuntza emozionalaren inguruko ideiek ikasleen garapen integralari egiten dioten ekarpena azalduko da. Azkenik, teorikoki jorratutako ideiak praktikara eramango dira eskolako errealitaterako sekuentzia didaktikoa sortuz, testuinguru konkretu bateko ikasleengan garapen integrala bermatuko duen alderdi emozionalaren lanketa dramatizazioaren bitartez emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20062,2017-01-03,"Nowadays, global society is more aware of electrical energy’s risks than never before, and electrical safety has turned a priority when a new installation is designed for a flat. So, a great installation to an unwanted electric hazard is required. This installation must be as cheap as possible, but of course, trying not to lose security for de habitants of the flat. For example if a circuit has an insulation failure and an indirect contact is produced, there is risk of an accidental electrocution, that risk must be avoided by making the property installation, respecting the rules, laws and instructions concerning this type of projects. So to make all these requirements true, in this document are exposed the different criteria and calculations to be applied in order to make the best electrical installation for the flat.","Bizi garen mundu honetan, gizarteak gero eta segurtasun maila handiagoa eskatzen du bizitzako edozein arlotan, etxe bateko segurtasun elektrikoan gero eta arreta handiagoa ezarriz. Hori dela eta, elektrizazio arriskuak saihesteko eta energia elektriko hornikuntza fidagarria mantentzeko instalazio elektriko egokia behar da. Saiatu behar da instalazio hau ahal den merkeen egiten, baina merkea izateagatik ez du esan nahi segurtasuna galdu behar duenik biztanleentzat. Adibidez, zirkuitu bat isolamendu akats bat badu eta zeharkako kontaktu bat sortzen bada, ustekabeko elektrokuzioa egoteko arriskua dago, arriskua ekiditzeko instalazioa egokia izan behar da legeak eta arauak errespetatuz. Baldintza guzti hauek bete daitezen, dokumentu honetan agertzen dira betebeharreko irizpide eta kalkulu guztiak instalaziorik onena egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24435,2017-09,"This Project consists of the development of a system which enables access to process data from a PLC. Modbus TCP communications protocol is used for that instance. Applications will be programmed in Codesys and they will be run in Codesys Control RTE, installed in Windows XP Embedded.","Proiektu honek Arduinoren bitartez prozesuko datuetara sarbidea ematen duen sistemaren garapenean datza. Modbus TCP komunikazio protokoloa erabiltzen da horretarako. Aplikazioak Codesys-en programatuko dira eta Windows 8.1 Embedded-pean instalatutako Codesys Control RTE software-an exekutatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20077,2017-01-05,"In this work a study of the most relevant image visual descriptors are analyzed. It does not include all the existents ones, but it does those which are most used or those which are considered basic ones. The aim of the work is to have in an only document such a knowledge, to be an introduction for the incoming researchers.","Lan honetan, irudien deskriptore bisual nabarmenenak aztertzen dira. Ez dira aztertzen existitzen diren guztiak, baina bai erabilienak edo funtsezkotzat hartzen direnak. Lanaren helburua da agiri bakar batean ezagutza hori biltzea, geroko ikertzailei sarrera gisa balio izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19500,2016-11-09,"In this project we will analyze the installation of an air-generator with the porpoise of self-energy-supply of a certain house. The objective is to reduce as much as possible the electricity bill or, if possible, to have the opportunity to store or give to the General Electric Network the remainder energy. We will calculate the energy generated by a certain wind generator by the wind study in the localization. After that we will analyze the consumption of the house and we will make the energy balance. Finally, there will be several options and conclusions when it comes down to the investment viability. In this project the technical specifications of the wind-generator, legislative changes about taxes and local wind analysis will be the most important issues. In fact, the wind study will be the essential part of this project and the maximum exploitation of the installation so that the house can be energetically supplied.","Lan honetan etxe baten auto-horniketarako aerosorgailu-instalazio baten ikasketa burutuko da. Helburua etxebizitzako faktura-elektrikoa ahalik eta txikiena izatea da edo, posible balitz, ekoiztutako gehienezko energia gorde edo sare elektriko jeneralera saltzeko aukera izatea. Horretarako, aerosorgailu-marka zehatz batek ekoiztutako energiaren kalkuluak egingo dira, tokiko haizeen ikasketa eta kalkuluak eginda. Gero, etxearen kontsumoa aztertuko da eta energia-balantzea egingo da. Azkenik, inbertsioaren bideragarritasunaren inguruan hainbat aukera eta ondorio aurkeztuko dira. Lan honetan garrantzi handia izango dute aerosorgailuaren espezifikazio teknikoak, legediak ezarritako zergen inguruko aldaketak eta tokiko haizeen ikasketa. Izan ere, lanaren punturik garrantzitsuena haizearen ikasketa izango da eta, honekin batera, haize horretatik atera daitekeen potentzia-elektriko maximoaren aprobetxamendua etxe baten elektrizitate horniketarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67769,2024-05-08,"The PISA report shows a stagnation from 2018 to 2021 in the Spanish state's score in reading enjoyment. This fact generates the need to verify whether the students were motivated by the task of reading, as this influences their reading habits. In order to answer this hypothesis, a questionnaire and interview were carried out with the pupils on the value they place on reading and their reading self-concept. The results indicate that the sixth year has the students who value reading the least and who spend the least time reading. In addition, those students have a lower reading self-concept and, as a consequence, a lower motivation to read.","PISA txostenak erakusten du 2018tik 2021ra geldialdia egon dela Espainiako estatuak irakurketaz gozatzeko duen puntuazioan. Horrek ikasleak irakurtzeko zereginagatik motibatuta zeuden egiaztatzeko beharra sortzen du, irakurtzeko ohituran eragina baitu. Hipotesi horri erantzuteko, ikasleei irakurketari ematen dioten balioari eta irakurketa-autokontzeptuari buruzko galdetegi eta elkarrizketa bat egin zaie. Emaitzek adierazten dute seigarren mailan daudela irakurketa okerren baloratzen duten eta irakurtzen denbora gutxiago ematen duten ikasleak. Era berean, hauek autokontzeptu irakurle baxuagoa dute eta, ondorioz, irakurtzeko motibazio baxuagoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51000,2021-04-15,"The inclusive service-learning, focused on the educational environment, is an educational proposal that combines the learning of a group of students with the services offered to the community. Through this project, participation and inclusive attitudes of students are encouraged, promoting education in values. Thus, throughout the following pages, the lines to be followed and the goals of a project based on service-learning approaches are developed. The project has its origin in the Faculty of Education and Sport of the University of the Basque Country and, once the bases of the project have been established, it opens its doors to the educational world, specifically to one school situated in Vitoria-Gasteiz. It’ s clear purpose is to form a learning group in which the cooperative activities carried out will guarantee inclusive attitudes so that in the future these students will act as a human community. In general, in spite of the scarce progress made by this service-learning project, acting in the real world and decision making allows us to verify and demonstrate the possible changes that generate positive impacts on it, taking steps towards an inclusive reality.","Ikaskuntza-zerbitzu inklusiboa, hezkuntza alorrean fokoa jarriz, ikas talde baten ikaskuntza eta komunitate horren zerbitzuak tartekatzen dituen hezkuntza proposamena da. Lan honen bitartez argia ikusten duen proiektu honek, ikasleen partehartzea eta jarrera inklusiboak bultzatzen ditu, balioen aldeko hezkuntza sustatuz. Hortaz, hurrengo orrialdeetan zehar, ikaskuntza-zerbitzuan oinarritutako proiektu baten ildoak eta xedeak garatzen dira. Proiektuak Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Hezkuntza eta Kirol Fakultatea du sorburu eta behin proiektuaren oinarriak finkatuta daudela hezkuntza mundura irekitzen ditu ateak, hain zuzen, Gasteizko ikastola batera; helburua argia izanik: ikas talde bat hezitzea, jarrera inklusiboak bermatzen dituzten jarduera kooperatiboetan, etorkizunean komunitate giza jardun dezaten. Orokorrean, ikaskuntza-zerbitzu honi esker emandako aurrera pausua txikia izan arren, errealitatearen aurrean jardutea eta erabakiak hartzea, honetan eragin positiboak sortzen dituzten aldaketak egiaztatzeko eta frogatzeko aukera ematen du, errealitate inklusiboan aurrera pausuak emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26228,1991,"The failure of repressive criminal policy in the matter of drug traffic proves the need of searching alterrnative policies to confer on State the control of drug production and sale just as legal drgus. For that it should be avoided public health problems that ilegal dugs create, overdose death, hepatitis B, AIDS, to manage a better medical care of drug addicts.","Narkotrafikoari buruzko gaur egungo zigor-lege errepresiboen hutsak beste alternatiba politikak bilatzeko beharra azaltzen du. Politika horiek, ""legezko drogak"" delitutakoekin gertatzen den bezala, drogen egintza eta salmentaren kontrola Estatuari leporatu behar dio. Honela, orain legez-kontrako drogek sortzen duten osasunezko arazoa (sobredosiengatik heriotzak, hepatitis B, IHESa) baztertu eta, gainera, drogazaleei senda-laguntza hobea lortu egingo zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58364,2022-11-16,"Social education, based on the Welfare State, intends to infiltrate the majority of situations of possible social inequality, with the implicit objective of its solution or eradication. The Welfare State has been in crisis for years and it is not known for how long the desire for its survival will last. With this work, through a theoretical review from a historical perspective and from the resurgence of some social debates, it is aimed to analyze the role of social education in the context of the Welfare State, as well as to unravel part of the capitalist structure that sustains it. In addition, several proposals are selected, both inside and outside the institutions, to challenge the current crisis of the Welfare State.","Ongizatearen Estatuan finkatutako Gizarte Hezkuntzak desberdintasun sozial gehienetan hedatu nahi da, haiek konpontzeko edo desagerrarazteko helburu inplizituarekin. Urteak dira Ongizatearen Estatua krisialdian dagoela eta ez dakigu noiz arte jarraituko duen bera bizirauteko desira. Lan honekin, ikuspegi historikotik egindako berrikusketa teoriko baten bidez eta gizarteko zenbait eztabaida berpiztuz, Gizarte Hezkuntzak Ongizatearen Estatuaren testuinguruan duen zeregina aztertu nahi da, azken horri sostengatzen dion egitura kapitalistaren alderdiak zehaztasunez ezagutzea baita ere. Gainera, hainbat proposamen aukeratzen dira, erakundeen barrukoak zein kanpokoak, Ongizate Estatuaren egungo krisiari aurre egiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16434,2015-12-11,"The aim of this TFG is to check if a conventional fiber laser designed to work in continuous operation is able to perform texturing operations and to what extent. For that, a series of tests are carried out according to various input parameters with which will force the laser to maintain a pulsed pattern, necessary for laser texturing operations.","Ohiko zuntz laserrak, erregimen jarraituan funtzionatzen dutenak, testurizazio eragiketak egin ahal duten eta nora arte, TFG honen helburura da. Horretarako, zenbait sarrera parametroen funtzioan probasaila egingo dira. Haiekin, laserrari txandakako erregimena mantentzera bultzatuko da, laser testurizaziorako eragiketetan beharrezkoa baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28165,2018-07-23,"The marine radar is considered by the officers of the Merchant Navy one of the most important navigation equipment on the bridge due to the valuable support it provides both to ensure safe navigation and in the decision-making process before an evasion manoeuvre is taken. Nonetheless, although it is a relevant equipment in terms of maritime safety, since it is an anti-collision device, many accidents happened in the past, and occur still today, as a result of a wrong use of the radar. Therefore, in this project, it is intended to determine the degree of influence of this system in the collisions at sea, as well as to ascertain the main reasons why they keep happening.","Itsas radarra nabigazio tresnen artean garrantzitsuenetarikotzat hartuta dago merkataritza-nabigazioko ofizialen iritziz itsasketa segurua bermatzeko edota maniobra posible baten aurrean erabaki-hartze prozesuan zuzkitzen duen laguntza baliotsuaren ondorioz. Aitzitik, nahiz eta itsas segurtasunarekiko gailu nabarmena izan talka-aurkako ekipo bat baita, bai iraganean eta bai oraingo garaietan ere itsas-istripu anitz jazo dira radarraren erabilera okerra dela medio. Hori dela eta, lan honen bidez, nabigazio sistema honek itsasontzien arteko talketan duen eragina zehaztu nahi da eta, halaber, hauen gertaeren arrazoi nagusiak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14464,2015-02-23,"The aim of this project is the development of a research into mechanism measuring through accelerometers. A data acquisition and treatment system will be made for that matter, consigned to be the measuring system of a parallel kinematic mechanism. Work will be made, along with other students, in order to fulfil the design and construction of a parallel kinematic mechanism of two degrees of freedom. By this way, two different lines of work will be made: Making of a data acquisition and treatment system, adaptable for different sensors. Using of accelerometer measures to obtain in first place acceleration, and given the possibility, position of given points of the mechanism.","Proiektu honen helburua, azelerometroen bidez, mekanismo baten sentsorizazioa lortzea da. Horretarako, zinematika paraleloko mekanismo baten datu jasotze eta tratamendu sistema bat antolatuko da, kurtsoan lortutako ezagutzak erabiliz. Bestalde, bi graduko zinematika paraleloko mekanismo prototipo bat eraikiko da, beste ikasleekin batera. Prototipo honen bitartez proiektuak bildu dituen saiakuntzak burutuko dira. Hausnarketa honen bitartez, bi lan eremu antolatuko dira: Sentsore ezberdinetatik eratorritako seinaleen jasotze eta tratamendu sistema. Azelerometro anikoitzen seinaleen bitartez, mekanismoko puntu jakin baztuen azelerazioa eta, posible izanda, posizioa jakitea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58080,2022-10-19,"In the context of combating climate change, law plays an important role. The importance of international treaties, different climate laws and climate litigation as very influential tools in the human fight against climate change has been explained. Within each explanation, the different tools have been analyzed in detail.","Klima-aldaketaren aurkako borrokan, zuzenbideak zeregin garrantzitsua du. Nazioarteko itunek, klima-legeek eta klima-auziek duten garrantzia azaldu da, gizakiak klima-aldaketaren aurka duen borrokan eragin handia duten tresnak baitira. Azalpen bakoitzaren barruan, tresnak zehatz-mehatz aztertu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67717,2024-05-07,"In this Final Degree Project, an empirical research was carried out, contextualized within the framework of School Sports, with the main objective of analyzing the level of enjoyment in school sports practice, associated with the degree of competitiveness of the task. A total of 221 boys and girls from fourth, fifth and sixth grades of Primary Education participated, corresponding to 17 groups from four different localities. In a 60-minute session, each team performed three motor practices with different levels of competitiveness, according to the internal logic features and attributions associated with the motor culture: Stop, Sitting Ball and Football. The measuring instrument used was the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) questionnaire. The main results showed a high level of enjoyment in the session (61,25±14,88 out of a maximum score of 80 points). In the comparison between tasks, the tasks with competitive features reported significantly higher enjoyment values than the non-competitive one, with 4 Football showing the significantly higher value (66,01±13,38 vs. 60,98±15,16 vs. 56,77±14,6). Regarding gender, girls and boys had a similar level of enjoyment, but in the case of boys there were differences between the levels of enjoyment achieved in each task, the value being significantly higher in Football. Finally, regarding the result, there were differences according to the result obtained without taking into account the task, with the level of enjoyment being significantly higher in the students who won. From the present study it can be concluded that the competitive motor practices generated high levels of enjoyment in the students. It was provided an educational sports climate, determined by a style of intervention appropriate to the philosophy of School Sports. Thus, competitive motor tasks can be a valuable resource for the development of motor competence.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan ikerketa enpiriko bat garatu da Eskola Kirolaren esparruan kokatuta eta ondorengo helburuarekin, haurrek eskolako kirol praktikan duten gozamen-maila aztertzea, jardueraren lehiakortasun mailaren baitan. Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren, bosgarren eta seigarren mailako 221 haurrek hartu zuten parte, zeinak, lau herri desberdinetako 17 taldetakoak ziren. 60 minutuko saio batean talde bakoitzak barne-logikaren ezaugarrien eta kultura motorrari lotutako atribuzioen arabera lehiakortasun maila desberdina zuten hiru jarduera motor egin zituen: Stop, Baloi-eseria eta Futbol partida bat. Gozamen-maila neurtzeko erabili zen tresna Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) galdetegia izan zen. Emaitzek erakutsi zuten, ikerketa saioan haurren gozamen-maila altua izan zela (61,25±14,88 puntukoa, gehienez 80 puntuko eskala batean). Jardueraren araberako konparaketan, ezaugarri lehiakorreko jardueretan gozamen-maila estatistikoki altuagoa izan zen lehia ezaugarririk gabeko jardueretan baino, hala, gozamen-maila altuena Futbolean lortu zen (66,01±13,38 vs. 60,98±15,16 vs. 56,77±14,6). Generoari dagokionez, neskek eta mutilek antzeko gozamen-maila izan zuten, baina, mutilen kasuan desberdintasun esanguratsuak egon ziren jarduera bakoitzean lortutako gozamen-mailen artean, balio altuena Futbolean izanik. Azkenik, emaitzaren arabera desberdintasun esanguratsuak egon ziren jarduera kontutan hartu gabe eskuratutako emaitzaren arabera eta gozamen-maila altuena irabazi zutenek lortu zuten. Lan honetatik ondorioztatu daiteke, izaera lehiakorra zuten praktika motorrek gozamen-maila altua eragin zutela Eskola Kiroleko haurrengan. Kirol praktikan egoera hezitzaileak eskaini ziren, beti ere, Eskola Kirolaren filosofiara egokitutako esku-hartze estiloak baldintzatuta. Hau guztiagatik, izaera lehiakorra duten jarduera motorrak baliozko tresnak izan daitezke haurren konpetentzia motorra garatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67762,2024-05-08,"Given the concern for the situations that generate gender inequalities, the objective of this Final Degree Project was to investigate the relationship between symbolic play and gender of childs in the Early Childhood Education stage. The selected group, a group of 15 students of five from a school in the Biscayan town of Durango, has been observed while participating in the corners. The qualitative research carried out and working with an expert with knowledge in the field, have led to identify the different manifestations of gender and to detect its impact on the development of them, thus detecting different manifestations of roles and stereotypes associated with specific genders and differentiated selections of corners and costumes. For this reason, an intervention proposal that tries to solve this problem has been developed.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, genero-desberdintasunek sortzen dituzten egoerez kezkatua, Haur Hezkuntzako etapan haurrek aurrera daramaten jolas sinbolikoaren eta generoaren arteko harremana ikertzea izan du helburu. Aukeratutako lagina, Bizkaiko udalerri bateko ikastetxeko Haur Hezkuntzako bost urteko 15 haurrek osatutako haur-taldea izan da, batez ere, txokoetan aritu direnean, behatu dena. Gauzatutako ikerketa kualitatiboek eta gaiaren inguruko jakintza duen adituarekin lan egiteak, genero-adierazpen desberdinak identifikatzea eta hauek haurren garapenean duten eragina antzematea eragin izan dute, besteak beste, genero zehatzei lotutako rol eta estereotipo desberdinak plazaratu eta txokoen eta mozorroen aukeraketan hautaketa bereiziak eman izan direlako. Horiek horrela, arazo honi konponbidea topatzen saiatzenden esku-hartze proposamena garatu izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23192,2017-07,"This project is based on the use of the principles of automatics and control in order to obtain a model of a three-phase asynchronous electric motor. Experimental measurements in frequency domain and control basic theory will be required to estimate the model, as well as some specif-ic engineering virtual tools. In addition, what makes this investigation work interesting is the use of a latest version variable frequency drive that provides higher accuracy of measurement and wider possibilities of signal creation. The aim of this project is to obtain the model of a motor in order to know its behaviour in the presence of any electric signal and so to be able to control the position of a process.","Lan hau motor asinkrono trifasiko baten ereduaren lorpenean oinarritzen da, horretarako au-tomatika eta kontroleko printzipioetan oinarritzen delarik. Maiztasunaren eremuan lortutako emaitza esperimentalak eta ingeniaritzako erreminta birtualak erabiliko dira, baita azken be-launaldiko frekuentzia aldagailu bat ere seinaleen tratamendu optimoa lortzeko. Helburu na-gusia motorraren eredu bat lortzea da, aldez aurretik honen jokaera ezaguna izateko edozein seinale motaren presentziaren aurrean. Horrela, motorraren posizioaren kontrola ahalbidetu ahal izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16248,2015-11-30,"Until the coming into force of the labour reform, the failure of the colletive bargaining implied that, the previous collective agreement was valid indefinitely, unless otherwise agreed. Today, validaty is limited to one year, and once the deadline has passed, the collective agreemen will no longer be valid, and the relevant higher level collective agreement, if any, wil apply. This rule tries to encourage the renegotiation of the agreement and prevent working conditions from being frozen. However, the new regulation poses serious interpretation challenges, which this paper tries to take over offering possible solutions, and finally, analysing the criterion of the courts.","Lan erreforma indarrean sartu arte, hitzarmen kolektiboen negoziazioen porrotak, aurreko hitzarmenak indarraldia mantentzen jarraitzen zuela zekarren kontrako akordiorik egon ezean. Egun ordea, indarraldi hori urtebetera mugatu egiten da, eta hala, behin epe hori igarota eraginkortasuna galduko du, kontrako akordiorik ez badago, eta beraz, goragoko hitzarmena aplikatuko da (existitzen bada). Erreforma honek, hitzarmenen birnegoziazioa sustatzea eta lan baldintzen petrifikaziorik ez gertatzea du helburu. Baina, araudi berriak, interpretazio arazo ugari sortzen dituenez, lan honekin, eman daitezkeen erantzun posibleak landuko ditugu; eta auzitegiek zein irizpide jarraitu duten aztertuko da. Hitz gakoak: hitzarmen kolektiboa, ultraktibitatea, indarraldia, goragoko hitzarmen kolektiboa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60255,2023-03-06,"The current image of the school backyards is repeated on many sprouts, predominating sports tracks and cement grounds. These spaces do not adequately meet the needs of all students and reproduce attitudes that reinforce sexual roles, power relations and the definition of gender cultures. In order to avoid this, the Morlans School of Amara Berri started in 2021 a project to transform the playground.Therefore, the objective of this research is to observe the reality of the new playground of Morlans, analyzing the distribution of spaces and student relationships. A questionnaire was passed to 53 girls and 63 boys from 5 and 6 grades. The study has shown that girls and boys have internalized the gender-roles imposed by society, given the roles they acquire at the time of play and the games they perform.","Gaur egungo eskolako patioen irudia errepikatu egiten da ikastola askotan, kirol-pistak eta zementuzko lurrak dira nagusi. Espazio hauek ez dituzte ikasle guztien beharrei behar bezala erantzuten eta bertan, rol sexualak, botere-harremanak eta generoko kulturen definizioa indartzen duten jarrerak errepikatzen dira. Hau saihesteko helburuarekin, Amara Berriko Morlans ikastetxeak jolastokia eraldatzeko proiektu bat jarri zuen martxan 2021ean. Hortaz, ikerketa lan honen helburua Morlans-eko jolastoki berrian ematen den errealitatea behatzea da, jolastokiaren espazioen banaketa eta bertan ematen diren harremanak aztertuz. Horretarako, galdetegi bat pasa zaie Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailako 53 neska eta 63 mutilei. Ikerketak argi erakutsi du neska eta mutilek barneratuta dituztela gizarteak ezarritako genero-rolak, jolas-orduan hartzen dituzten rol eta okupatzen dituzten espazioengatik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25793,2018-03-20,"The main objective of this project is the design, structural calculation and construction definition of a new industrial building dedicated to the dual formation of production and manufacturing processes in the industrial estate of Santa Ana de Bolueta, located in the municipality of Bilbao.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, ekoizpen eta fabrikazio prozesuen formaziora dedikatutako egitura industrial berri bat diseinatzea, kalkulatzea eta definitzea da. Eraikuntza berri hau Boluetako Santa Ana Poligonoan eraikiko da, Bilboko hirian kokatua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43506,2020-05-26,"The aim of this study is to analyze the perception of barriers and facilitators for the practice of PA in people with disabilities. This study involved 23 adults (30.35 ± 10.82 years) with intellectual disability (ID) and cerebral palsy (CP) who trained and competed assiduously in a football team ofthe Genuine League. To analyze the perceived barriers and facilitators, the participants completed the Motives and Barriers to Physical Activity and Sports questionnaire (MBPAS). The results of this study show that the biggest barriers when practicing PA are laziness and feeling uncomfortable with their body. lt should be noted that all barriers received a very low seo re ( < O. 7 4 ± 1.18). Regard ing the facilitators, the most punctuated ones were performing PA for fun and feeling good with themselves. Most ofthe items on the facilitators received a high seo re. Given these results, it could be interesting to promote a PA practice where tasks are based in the group, in being playful and oriented to health and well-being. However, the fact that the participants were people with disabilities assiduously practicing a team sport and with broad experience, has be en able to condition the low se ore of the barriers in most of the items.","lkerketa honen helburua, elbarritasuna duten pertsonetan JF egiterako orduan somatzen dituzten oztopo eta arrazoien pertzepzioa aztertzea da. Lan honetan, elbarritasun intelektuala (El) eta garun paralisia (GP) duten 23 pertsona nagusi (30,35 ± 10,82 urte) hartu zuten parte, zeinek Liga Genuineko futbol tal de batean entrenatu eta lehiatzen zuten maiztasunez. Hautemandako oztopo eta arrazoiak analizatzeko, partehartzaileek }arduera Físíko eta 1-<írolarentzako Arrazoí eta Oztopoak (JFKAO) galdetegia bete zuten. lkerketa honen emaitzak erakusten dutenez, oztopo handienak JF egiterako orduan alferkeria eta bere gorputzarekin eroso ez sentitzea izan ziren. Azpima rratzekoa da oztopo guztiak puntuazio oso baxua ( < 0.7 4 ± 1,18) jaso zutela. Arrazoiei dagokionez, gehien puntuatuak JF dibertsioagatik egitea eta norbere buruarekin ondo sentitzek.o izan ziren. Arrazoietako ítem gehienetan puntuazio oso altua jaso zen. Edukitako emaitzak ikusita, interesgarria izango litzateke JF praktika bat bultzatzea non atazak taldekoak, ludikoak eta ongizatera eta osasunera bideratuta dauden. Hala ere, parte hartzaileak talde kirol baten ohiko prak.tikatzaileak eta esperientzia zabala duten elbarritasuna duten pertsonak izateak, oztopoetako item gehienetan puntuazio baxua baldintzatu ahal izan du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22911,2017-07,"The objective of this project is to develop a beat detection algorithm using the oxyhemoglobin concentration signal (O2Hb signal) obtained from a Near InfraRed Spectroscopy system (NIRS) placed on the forehead. NIRS is a non-invasive technique that allows the determination of the peripheral oxygenation of the brain. In emergency situations, when monitoring the patient’s oxygenation is necessary, the most widespread technique is pulse oximetry, which measures the oxygen level in the finger using the photoplethysmogram, the PPG signal. However, when the patient is in a compromised hemodynamic situation, this technique is not completely efficient because the cardiovascular system gives priority to vital organs, such as brain and heart, and pulse oximetry cannot measure the oxygen level in those two vital organs. Over the last few years, with the goal of overcoming the limitations of the PPG system, NIRS has been applied to monitor brain oxygenation in many medical domains, like the monitoring of cardiovascular surgery. If NIRS, besides brain oxygenation, would be able to measure other physiological parameters, such as respiratory and heart rates, it would be a great progress in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This would also allow monitoring heart rate by NIRS which could provide relevant information about therapy and/or patient status, such as the efficiency of the compressions or the presence of pulse. In order to achieve this objective, other secondary objectives must be fulfilled. On one hand, an algorithm based on peak detection (heartbeats) of the O2Hb signal will be developed. On the other hand, from that point on and using other techniques, another algorithm will be developed in order to estimate the heart rate of the patient. Finally, the results obtained will be evaluated, so that it will be possible to verify the effectiveness of the NIRS technique.","Proiektu honen helburua da taupadak detektatzeko algoritmoa garatzea, horretarako Near InfraRed Spectroscopy (NIRS) sistema baten bidez lortutako oxihemoglobina kontzentrazio seinalea (O2Hb seinalean) erabiliz. NIRS sistema pertsonaren kopetan kokatzen den sentsore batez garunaren oxigenazio periferikoa neurtzea ahalbidetzen duen teknika ez-inbaditzaile bat da. Larrialdi egoeretan, pazientearen oxigenazioa neurtzeko teknikarik hedatuena gaur egun pultsu oximetria da, oxigenazio maila atzamarrean neurtzen duena PPG (Photoplethysmogram) seinalearen bitartez. Teknika hau ordea, ez da guztiz eraginkorra pazienteak egoera hemodinamiko konprometitua duenean, izan ere, sistema kardiobaskularrak biziraupenerako ezinbestekoak diren organoei ematen die lehentasuna, hau da, burmuin eta bihotzari, eta pultsu oximetriak ezin du funtsezkoak diren bi organo horietan oxigenazio maila neurtzen. Azken urteotan, PPG sistemaren gabeziak gainditzeko eta beraz garunaren oxigenazioa monitorizatzeko, NIRS teknika hedatu da eta medikuntza esparru askotan aplikatzen ari da, kirurgia kardiobasularraren monitorizazioan esaterako. NIRS teknikaren bidez burmuineko oxigenazioaz gain pazientearen beste hainbat parametro fisiologikoren neurketa posible izango balitz, arnasketa eta bihotz maiztasunak adibidez, aurrerapauso handia izango litzateke bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen arloan. Honek bihotz-maiztasunaren jarraipena ahalbidetuko luke, eta terapia edota pazientearen egoerari buruzko garrantzizko informazioa eman dezake, adibidez bihotz biriketako masajearen konpresioen eraginkortasuna edo pultsuaren berreskuratzea. Hori lortzeko, hainbat azpi-helburu bete beharko dira. Alde batetik, O2Hb seinalearen pikoen detekzioa gauzatzen duen algoritmoa garatuko da. Bestetik, hortik abiatuz eta beste hainbat teknika erabiliz bihotz-maiztasunaren estimazioa egingo duen algoritmoaren diseinua egingo da. Azkenik, algoritmo honekin lortutako emaitzak aztertuz, NIRS teknikaren eraginkortasuna egiaztatu ahal izango da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20087,2017-01-09,"Nowadays, our society is contaminated by sexism. It is known that the prejudices that pupils from 5th year of primary education have about their future studies and professions are based by gender stereotypes. For that reason, the main objective of this work was to know and analyse the perceptions from pupils of 5th grade about studies and labour vocations, from a gender perspective. In order to that, it has been taken into account information of various studies and it has been done a quantitative small research in two classrooms of 5th year. Based on obtained conclusions, the hypotheses and questions raised in the investigation have been answered. This work can be useful to emphasize the importance of coeducation in the future","Gaur egun oraindik sexismoaz kutsaturiko gizartean bizi gara. Jakina da 5. Mailako ikasleen etorkizuneko ikasketei buruzko aurreideiak genero estereotipoz kutsatuta izaten hasten direla. Hori dela eta, lan honen xedea da Lehen hezkuntzako 5. mailako ikasleek dituzten pertzepzioa etorkizuneko ikasketei eta lanbide bokazioei buruzkoak ezagutu eta aztertzea generoaren ikuspuntutik. Horretarako hainbat adituen ikerketen emaitzak kontuan hartu dira eta ikastola bateko 5. mailako bi geletan ikerketa kuantitatibo xume bat aurrera eraman da. Ateratako emaitzak kontuan hartuz, planteatutako helburuei eta galderei erantzuna eman zaizkie. Lan hau etorkizunean hezkidetzaren garrantzia azpimarratzeko lagungarria izan daiteke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26272,1989,"The Latin America problem of drugs is analysed from an international point of view and ended with some of the conclusions represented in the ""Proyecto Alternativo de Rio"".","Drogaren arazoa aztertzen da Amerika Latinoan nazioarteko ikuspuntu batetik, ""Rio-ko Proiektu Alternatiboa"" jasotako konklusio batzuekin buzatzen delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54117,2021-11-25,"The main purpose of this end-of-term work has been to examine the attitude of students in the current state of affairs, especially on television. In addition, society puts labels on people who have been affected in recent years by the increased use of the Internet and social media. For the purposes of this work, a bibliographic revision has been made in the form of articles, video, photographs, and television commercials, resulting in the recovery of the words of various authors in the work, which have been put into practice in subsequent activities. The didactic proposal designed for a third cycle room in the First Nation has been put forward, aided by the participation of 25 students. In this, all students have received an observation on feminism, and after concluding that there are micromachisms, the path and the role are built. It has been based on all questionnaires and activities to examine the results of the intervention activities. On the basis of the established goals, what answers have been given by the students have been examined. As far as the results are concerned, as has been evident in recent days, this cultivation has been useful in identifying and responding to micromachisms. In addition, the interest of some students has been increased and academic results and practices have been improved, including respect for friends and class members.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia ikasleek egunerokotasunean, batez ere telebistan, sortzen diren egoera matxisten aurrean duten jarrera aztertzea izan da. Gainera, gizarteak pertsonei etiketak jartzen dizkie, eta horiek eragina izan dute azken urteotan, Interneten eta sare sozialen erabilera ugaria izaten dela eta. Lan honen xedea aurrera ateratzeko, berrikuspen bibliografiko bat egin da artikulu, bideo, argazki eta telebistako iragarkien bidez. Horren ondorioz, lanean zehar hainbat egilen hitzak berreskuratu izan dira, hurrengo jardueretan praktikan jarri direnak. Esku-hartzea Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko gela baterako diseinatutako proposamen didaktikoa aurrera eraman da, 25 ikasleren parte hartzearen laguntzaz. Honetan, ikasle guztiek feminismoaren inguruko behaketa bat jaso dute, eta, mikromatxismoak daudela ondorioztatu ondoren, bidea eta zeregina eraiki egin da. Esku-hartzearen jardueren emaitza guztiak aztertzeko, galdetegi eta jarduera guztietan oinarritu egin da. Planteatutako helburuak oinarrituz, zer nolako erantzunak eman dituzte ikasleek aztertu dira. Emaitzei dagokionez, azkenengo egunetan argi geratu den bezala, mikromatxismoak hobeto identifikatzeko eta horien aurrean erantzuteko baliagarria izan dela lanketa hau egitea ikusi da. Gainera, ikasle batzuen interesa handitu da eta ikasleen emaitza akademikoak eta jokabideak hobetu dira, lagunak eta klasekideak errespetatzen, besteak beste." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26049,1990,"The author discusses the importance of the community contribution in the solution of drug problem. However, this aid must be addressed not only to the social initiatives that contribute to the public administration but to the need of single participation.","Egilea, drogamenpekotasun arazoaren irtenbidean komunitatearen partaidetzak daukan garrantziaz mintzo da. Hala ere, hau, administrazioarekin bat egiten duten giza-ekimenetan ezezik banakako partaidetzan ere oinarritu behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36529,2019-11-27,"Abstract This document corresponds to the undergraduatethesis""Design and implementation of a university social network"", developed for the Degree in Telecommunications Technology Engineeringin the specialty of telematics, in the School of Engineering of Bilbao in the UPV / EHU University.Thisproject has been developed for the company Adoswe. Adoswe is a startupwhose mission is to provide resources to university students sothey cangain work experience.Adoswe proposes a platform with which it aims to create and promote labor relations through the proposal of challenges and projects.The objective of the project has beento develop a mobile application of a platform whose purpose is to provide university students an easier way of enteringthe labor force.To fulfill this objective, anAPI has been developed alongsidethis project by Adoswe. Through this API, a multiplatform mobile application hasbeendeveloped, offering the most important functionalities of the platform. Before implementing the application, it wasnecessary to decide which technologies are optimal to carry out the development, as well as planningeach of the tasks, analyzingthe risks and preparinga budget. Finally, the design of the application wasdone together with atest plan.In this documentyou willfind the process followed to develop themobile application.","Laburpena Dokumentu honek ""Unibertsitateko sare sozial baten diseinua eta ezarpena""graduko amaiera lanaren memoriaridagokio, Telekomunikazio Teknologiaren Ingeniaritzako Graduantelematika espezialitateangaratu dena, UPV / EHUko Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan.Proiektu hau Adoswe enpresarentzat garatu da. Adoswe enpresa berri bat da, bere helburua unibertsitateko ikasleeklan esperientzia lortu ahal izateko baliabideak eskaintzeada.Helburu hau lortu ahal izateko, Adoswe-k plataforma bat proposatzen du. Plataforma honekin lan-harremanak sortzea eta sustatzea nahi du, erronka eta proiektuen proposamenaren bidez.Proiektuaren helburua,unibertsitateko ikasleeilan munduan sartzeko prozesuaerraztenduenplataforma baten aplikazioa garatzea da.Helburu haulortzeko, Adoswe-k proiektu horrekin batera garatutako APIa erabili da. API honen bidez, plataformarenfuntzionalitate garrantzitsuenak eskaintzen dituen aplikazio multiplataforma bat garatu da. Aplikazioa gauzatu baino lehen, beharrezkoa izan da erabakitzea teknologia optimoenak, baita zeregin bakoitza planifikatzea, arriskuak aztertzeaeta aurrekontua prestatzea. Amaitzeko, aplikazioaren diseinua proba plan batekin batera egin da.Dokumentu honetan aplikazioa garatzeko jarraitu den prozesua aurki dezakezu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29378,2018-10-30,"In this project a home automation system, a domotic system, has been developed in order to convert a conventional home into an intelligent home. A domotic system, thanks to the automation of the home systems can improve many of the aspects of a dwelling as security, comfort and energetic efficiency. Consequently, the management and control of the mentioned aspects are also upgraded and easier to use. Nowadays, the market provides many kinds of new technologies. Nevertheless, the ones used in order to fulfil this work have been delimited by the means the university could offer. At the laboratory Siemens’ PLC SIMATIC S7-1500 automaton has been used, and for the development of its programming the TIA Portal software has been used. This project focuses specially in three main topics: comfort, acclimatization and security. Firstly, lights, shutters and curtains of the dwelling were automated for comfort. Secondly, heaters. And lastly, alarms against gas leaks, fire alarms and intruder alerts were installed in order to ensure security. All the knowledge gained along the university studies of Industrial and Automatic Electronics Engineering was used in order to accomplish this work, especially in the development of the programming that allows the proper operation of the system.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, etxebizitza konbentzional bat etxebizitza adimentsu bat bilakatuko da proposatutako instalazio domotikoaren bidez. Instalazio domotiko batek etxebizitza baten hainbat aspektu hobetu ditzake hauen funtzionamenduaren automatizazioari esker. Honen ondorioz, etxebizitzaren segurtasuna, erosotasuna, efizientzia energetikoa eta kontrol zein kudeaketaren hobekuntza nabarmenak lortu daitezke. Lana garatzeko, nahiz eta merkatuan hainbat teknologia egon, unibertsitatean eskuragarri dauden baliabideak erabili dira. Bertan, Siemens familiako SIMATIC S7-1500 PLCarekin lan egin da eta proiektuaren programazioa TIA Portal softwarearen bidez garatu da. Proiektuan diseinatutako sistema domotikoa hiru ardatzetan oinarritu da: erosotasuna, klimatizazioa eta segurtasuna. Lehenengokoan, etxebizitzak dituen argiak, pertsianak eta kortinak automatizatu dira. Bigarrenean, berotze sistemaren funtzionamendu automatizatua zehaztu da. Azkenengoan berriz, gas ihesen aurkako alarma sistema, suteen aurkako alarma sistema eta lapurren detekziorako alarma sistema garatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50731,2021-03-22,"Formal Education, including Early Childhood Education, has brought many positive changes for all disadvantages groups so far. But this does not mean that educating students equally is not one of the most important challenges of the school. Sexism is still alive in our society, and since the education system reflects it, values that favour gender inequality are transmited in the school community, albeit in an unconscious way. In this way, the objective of this research is the work that Early Childhood Education teachers give to coeducation. To this end, a survery study was carried out, accompanied by a qualitative analysis based on participatory observation. Therefore, the following lines will emphasize the importance of the framework that coeducation in education should occupy, based on a series of criteria in the methodologies.","Hezkuntza formalak, Haur Hezkuntzako etapa barne, gaur egunera arte aldaketa positiboak egin ditu egoera ahulean dauden kolektibo guztientzat, baina horrek ez du esan nahi ikasleak berdintasunean heztea eskolaren erronka garrantzitsuenetako bat izateari utzi behar dionik. Izan ere, sexismoa gure gizartean bizirik jarraitzen du eta hezkuntza sistema gizartearen isla izanik, era inkontziente batean bada ere, genero ezberdintasunak bultzatzen dituen baloreak transmititzen dira eskola komunitatean. Hau horrela, ikerketa honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek hezkidetzari ematen dieten lanketa ikustea da. Horretarako inkesta bidezko azterlan bat eraman da aurrera, behaketa parte-hartzailean oinarritutako analisi kualitatiboarekin batera. Horrenbestez, hurrengo lerroetan hezkidetzak hezkuntzan hartu behar duen esparruaren garrantzia azpimarratuko da hainbat irizpide metodologietan zentratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23150,2017-07,"The main aim of the project in question, is the obtaining of a tool that eases the user the activation design of moving flexible nature elements. Being a mechanic system of two liberty axis activated by servomotors, normalized optimum profits will be worked out, 𝐾�𝑃�𝑜�, 𝐾�𝑖�𝑜� and 𝐾�𝑉� for such control system given by proportional-integral controller in velocity loop and proportional controller in the position loop. The optimum benefits will be as of some specifications imposed and by means of the analysis of the transient response. Furthermore, the bandwidth will be worked out though such optimum benefits to study the response velocity of the system. Mathlab programming language will be used so that matrix results are obtained as well as required graphics for a better visualization of the values.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, izaera malguko elementuak baztertuz, erabiltzaileari eragingailuen diseinua erraztuko dion herraminta baten lorpena da. Izan bedi, bi askatasun graduko eta serbomotorren eraginpeko sistema mekanikoa. Kontrol sistemareen irabazi optimoak, 𝐾��𝑃��𝑜��, 𝐾��𝑖��𝑜�� eta 𝐾��𝑉��, kalkulatuko dira. Kalkulu hauek, abiadura begiztan kontroladore proportzional-integratu baten bidez, eta posizio begiztan kontroladore proportzional baten bidez gauzatuko dira. Irabazi optimoak inposatutako espezifikazio batzuen bidez, eta erantzun transitorioaren bidez lortuko dira eta gainera, banda zabalerak kalkulatuko dira sistemaren erantzun abiadura kalkulatzeko. Matlab programazio lengoaia erabiliko da lortutako balioak matrize eta grafikoetan modu ikusgarriagoan aurkezteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59994,2023-02-20,"In the environment of primary education and within inclusive schools, it is important to know about the different students we can find. Students with High Intellectual Abilities (HIA) are often said to struggle in the social aspects of school. In fact, most of the methods applied in the educational field are oriented to respond to the academic dimension, outside of the social sphere. Accordingly, the objective of this study will be to analyze the social situation of a student with High Intellectual Abilities (HIA). The analysis of the HIA student will be performed using dialogue and a sociogram to analyze his social situation. As shown in the results, the student has no relationship problems with his colleagues, and we can conclude that socialization problems do not go hand in hand with the HIA condition.","Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasle izango naizen heinean, eta eskola inklusiboaren barne, garrantzitsua da aurki ditzakegun ikasle desberdinei buruzko ezagutzak edukitzea. Gaitasun Handiko ikasleek (GHI) esparru sozialean arazoak izaten dituztela esan ohi da. Gainera, hezkuntza arloan aplikatzen diren metodo gehienak alderdi akademikoari erantzuna ematera bideratuta daude, eremu soziala alde batera utziz. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburua GHI baten eremu soziala aztertzea izango da. Horretarako, GH ikasle baten kasu azterketa egingo da, elkarrizketa eta soziograma erabiliz, honen egoera soziala aztertzeko. Emaitzetan ikusten den bezala, GH ikasleak ez du beste ikaskideekin harremantzeko arazorik, eta ondoriozta dezakegu, sozializatzeko arazo horiek ez doazela GHI izateren eskutik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14703,2015-03-03,"The main objective of this project “Control de un sistema de accionamientos de traslación basado en correa para un manipulador de cinemática paralela” is the developement of a control system that allows us handle a two-­‐degrees-­‐of-­‐freedom parallel kinematic robot moved by two direct current electric engines. The main part of this control system is a latpop whose processor will be in charge of executing the actions required to carry out this control activity. Thereforore, developing a control application that runs in this latpop and helps the users of this system handle the parallel kinematic robot mentioned above is the most important and laborious task that has to be fulfilled in this project. This application has to be able to understand the movement orders given by the user and transmit them to the processor of the laptop. Moreover, the installation of several sensors that will be in charge of sending the necessary signals so as to avoid emergency situations where the robot is about to hit a person or an object is required to complet the implementation of the control system. In conclusion, the achievement of the goals of this project will provide us a simple, intiuitive and easy to drive control system that will allow any future user handle a parallel kinematic robot.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, “Control de un sistema de accionamientos de traslación basado en correa para un manipulador de cinemática paralela”, korronte jarraiko bi motore elektrikoen bidez akzionatutako bi askatasun graduko zinematika paraleloko manipulatzaile bat maneiatzea ahalbideratzen digun kontrol sistema baten inplementazioa du helburu nagusi. Kontrol sistema honen osagai nagusi bezala ordenagailu bat egongo da, haren prozesatzailea kontrol aktibitate hau eman ahal izateko ekintzak burutzeko arduraduna izanik. Horrela, proiektu honetan lan garrantzitsu eta neketsuena, esandako ordenagailuan erabiltzaileari zinematika paraleloko manipulatzailea maneiatzea ahalbidetzen dion kontrol aplikazio baten garapena izango da. Horretarako, aplikazio hau erabiltzaileak emandako mugimendu aginduak interpretatu eta ordenagailuaren prozesatzailera transmititzeko gai izan behar da. Aurreko guztiaz gain, kontrol sistemaren garapena osatzeko zenbait sentsoreen inplantazioa beharrezkoa izango da, manipulatzailea objetu edota pertsona baten kontra topatzeko momentuan dagoeneko emergentzia egoerak detektatu, eta hauek saihesteko beharrezko seinaleak transmitituko dituztenak. Laburbilduz, Gradu Amaierako lan honen helburuen betetzearekin, kontrol sistema sinple, intuitibo eta erraz erabilgarria lortuko da, honen etorkizuneko edozein erabiltzaileari zinematika paraleloko errobot baten erabilpena ahalbideratuko diona." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16169,2015-11-24,"The objective of this project is to improve a manufacturing process, identifying problems and to raise some possible solutions. To perform this, firstly, the mode in which the manufacturing process is executed will be explained. For this, it will be visited the cooperative in order to familiarize with the process and learn about the problems that exist. Once all this is done, the time measurement will be done and all parameters necessaries will be calculated to prove that the problems that are seen in the visit are real. Apart from this, it will be calculated the costs of the company because of the existence of problems. To finish the job, in order to end all identified problems, possible solutions will be presented, showing the benefits that can be achieved, and the advantages and disadvantages of each of the proposed solutions too.","Proiektu honen helburua fabrikazio prozesu bat sakonki aztertzea da, dauden arazoak identifikatu eta hauei soluzioa bilatzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako, lehendabizi, prozesua nola burutzen den azalduko da. Horretarako, kooperatiba elkartea bisitatuko da prozesuaren nondik norakoak hobeto ezagutu ahal izateko eta dauden arazoak bertatik ezagutu ahal izateko. Gero, denboren neurketa burutuko da, eta datu hauek eskuratu ondoren, beharrezkoak diren parametro guztiak kalkulatuko dira, bisitan ikusi diren arazoak benetan gertatzen diren arazoak direla frogatu ahal izateko. Honetaz aparte, arazo hauen ondorioz enpresak galtzen duen diru kopurua ere kalkulatuko da. Amaitzeko, identifikatu diren arazoei irtenbidea emateko, soluzio posible batzuk planteatuko dira, hauei esker lortu daitezkeen onurak identifikatuz, bai eta, soluzioetako bakoitzak dituen abantaila eta desabantailak azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50955,2021-04-15,"The aim of this work is to create a corpus formed by albums of Children's and Young Adult's Literature and to analyse it through research. We have based the theoretical research on a solid framework by carrying out a bibliographic research on Children's and Young Adult's Literature, the album and loneliness. In the theoretical framework, we explain the evolution and concept of Children's and Young Adult's Literature, the peculiarities of the album as a literary genre, the treatment of uncomfortable topics in Children's and Young Adult's Literature, loneliness as theme and the link between Children's and Young Adult's Literature and loneliness. Apart from that we have defined the criteria that will generate our corpus and developed a method of analysis that corresponds to the objectives we pursue. The corpus is composed of albums published between the years 2000-2019. After reflection and publication of the results obtained through the research, they have been integrated into the conclusions. Finally, with a view to the future, we have made proposals to improve or modify this work.","Lan honen helburua gaia bakardadea duten Haur eta Gazte Literaturako hainbat albumek osatzen duten corpus bat sortzea eta aztertzea da. Ikerketa marko teorikoa sendo batean oinarritu dugu, Haur eta Gazte Literaturaren, albumaren eta bakardadearen inguruko bilaketa bibliografiko bat eginez. Marko teorikoan Haur eta Gazte Literaturaren bilakaera eta kontzeptua, albumak genero literario bezala dituen berezitasunak, Haur eta Gazte Literaturan gai deserosoen trataera, bakardadea eta umearen arteko lotura, eta Haur eta Gazte Literaturaren eta bakardadearen arteko harremana azaltzen dira. Ondoren gure corpusa sortuko duten irizpideak zehaztu eta analisirako metodoa garatu dugu, lortu nahi ditugun helburuekin bat egiten duena. Corpusa 2000-2019 urteetan argitaratutako zenbait albumek osatzen dute. Ikerketaren bitartez lortutako emaitzak plazaratu eta, gogoeta egin ostean, ondorioetan txertatu ditugu. Azkenik etorkizunari begira, lan hau hobetzeko edo aldatzeko proposamenak egin ditugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29224,2018-10-23,"Last years, the third sector has become more and more important in the wealthiest countries, and this, has changed work related problems; therefore, it has also changed work related security. With this evolution, psychosocial risks have become more relevant in general, so also in education. This is the reason we have made a study in psychosocial risks in secondary education, because in 2013-2014, %57 of educators had anxiety, 17% depression, and work leaves where %12. To make this study, we have made qualitative studies, in the form of free interviews, and also a quantitative study, consisting of a questionnaire of 50 items based on CVFRP, which was given to educators of X centre, receiving 27 responses. Those answers, overall, have confirmed what we expected, referring to mental workload, but we have received positive responses related with work satisfaction. Sex related, job contract related, and course related responses’ differences have been substantial, showing that men receive more attacks, but that they forget job related problems easily; and as expected, secondary school has been the most critic course related with psychosocial risks.","Azken urteetan, herrialde dirudunenetan, hirugarren sektoreak gero eta garrantzia gehiago dauka, eta horrela, lan arloko arazoak aldatuz joan dira, eta horien artean, segurtasuna lanean. Arestian aipatutako lan munduaren garapen horrekin, herrialde dirudunenetan, arrisku psikosozialek pisu gehiago hartu dute orokorrean, eta beraz, hezkuntza sektorean ere. Horregatik, sektore konkretu horretan, arrisku psikosozialen azterketa bat egin dugu, bigarren hezkuntzan, irakasleen %57ak antsietatea, %17ak depresioa, eta lan bajak %12an zeudelako 2013-2014 kurtsoan. Hau lortzeko, azterketa kualitatibo bat egin dugu, elkarrizketa aske moduan, eta baita azterketa kuantitatibo bat, CV-FRP galdetegian oinarritutako 50 item-eko galdetegi bat helaraziz, X zentroko irakasleei, 27 erantzun jasoz. Jasotako erantzunek, oro har, esperotakoa ziurtatu dute, lan-karga mental handiari dagokionez, baina emaitza positiboak jaso izan ditugu asebetetze mailaren inguruan. Sexuaren araberako, zentroarekin lan-erlazioaren araberako eta irakasten duten mailaren araberako desberdintasunak ere nabarmentzekoak izan dira, gizonek eraso gehiago pairatzen dutelarik, baina laneko arazoak errazago ahazten dituztelarik, eta espero bezala, DBH izan da maila kritikoena arrisku psikosozialen inguruan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14065,2015-01-19,"Nowadays Basque schools not only have the challenge to teach to read and write, they also have the responsibility to encourage Basque speakers. The language situation of a specific village and school has been analysed in this project. Even though most inhabitants have a command of Basque, they don´t speak that language at home and that has a significant effect both on the low command students have when communicating orally in Basque and on the use of Spanish when speaking each other. Taking into account the lack of resources to work the oral language and school´s real linguistics needs, an empirical project proposal based on a workshop by using different games has been designed to encourage spoken Basque language.","Gaur egungo eskola euskaldunak ikasleak alfabetatzeko erronka izateaz gain, ikasleak euskalduntzeko erantzukizuna ere bere gain hartzen du. Esku artean duzun lan honetan, herri eta eskola zehatz baten hizkuntza egoera aztertu da. Herritar gehienek euskaraz jakin arren, asko ez dira etxean euskaraz mintzatzen eta honek eragin zuzena du eskolako ikasleek ahoz adierazteko duten euskara maila baxuan eta elkarrekin komunikatzeko erabiltzen duten hizkuntzan, gaztelania alegia. Ahozkotasuna lantzeko hutsuneei eta eskolako hizkuntza beharrizan errealei erantzuna emateko, esku-hartze enpiriko baten proposamena diseinatu da; jolasetan oinarritutako tailerren bidez euskarazko ahozko adierazpena lantzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37089,2019-12-19,In this project the deep drawing process used to obtain the doors of the cars will be simulated. The simulations will be carried out by means of finite elements and through the computer using PamStamp software. The influence of the critical parameters on the drawing will be studied and an optimal design of the final door will be attempted.,Proiektu honetan ibilgailuen ateak egiteko aplikatutako enbutizio prozesua simulatzen da. Simulazio horiek elementu finitu bidezkoak dira eta ordenagailu bidez egingo dira PamStamp softwarea erabiliz. Enbutizio prozesuan eragina duten parametro kritikoen eragina aztertuko da eta ate baten bukaerako diseinu optimoa lortzeko saiakera egingo da. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27350,1998,"When the human right’s protection is the matter in question, there are several organisms that converge, cooperate and compete to each other: interstate organizations, determined States, non governmental organizations or regional combined committees. The procedures and colaboration’s agreements constitute the key to guarantee the fundamental rights. The introduced dilemma is the construction of a reasoning and of a practical network to attend people.The legitimacy of the human rights in the era of the globalization means to face the new challenges, that the social exclusion brings about.","Giza Eskubideak bebesteaz ari garenean, zenbait faktorek bateratu, lagundu eta lehiatzen dute: Estatu arteko erakundeak, Estatu jakinak, gobernutarrak ez diren erakundeak, edo eskualdetako komiteak. Giza eskubideak gordetzeko gakoak izapide eta laguntza akordioak dira. Pertsonak aditzeko behar diren diskurtso eta sare praktikoak eratzea da planteatzen den arazoa. Giza eskubideen legitimitateak, globalizazioan, gizarte bazterketak planteatzen dituen arazoei aurre egitea suposatzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25128,2004,"The phenomenon of the destructive sects shows up the risks of an abusive resource to the punitive means, that’s why the penal Law must face diverse difficulties to go into the activities that can be developed within these groups. Thus, after analyzing the penal legal relevance of the destructive sects activities, regarding the conducts against minors and incapables as well as the criminal conducts against adults, it is suggested the way to overcome the difficulties for an appropriate identification and investigation of the people in charge.","Sekta hertsakorren fenomenoak zuzenbide penalaren erabileraren abusoa erakar dezake. Beraz, Zuzenbide penalak, dauden zailtasunei aurre egiteko talde hauen garatzeko eran sartu eta sakondu beharrean aurkitzen da. Horrela, talde hauen ekintzak duten garrantzi juridiko penala aztertu ondoren, bai adin txikikoen aurka ematen diren ekintzak baita gaitasuna murriztuta duten pertsonen aurka ematen direnak, arazo hauei aurre egiteko neurriak bilatzen saiatzen dira, sekta horietako arduradunak zein diren identifikatzeko gai izango direnak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25031,2006,"Police investigation in computing takes place when a computer -or a computer process– is implied in a crime, as a mean or as a victim. This kind of crime requires the existence of a physical or logical access to a computer system, and the subsequent investigation will focus on direct or indirect evidence. Therefore, requirements for an effective police investigation in computer crimes are: the existence of an allegedly criminal proved event, establishing a crime scene, and protecting existing evidence.","Talde edo prozesu informatiko baten inplikazioa ematen denean, nahiz baliabide nahiz “biktima” bezala, informatika eremuko polizia ikerkuntza jazotzen da. Delitu egitate hauen eremuak sarbide fisiko edo logikoa behar izaten du eta ondorengo ikerkuntza zuzeneko edo zeharkako nabaritasunean proiektatzen da. Informatikaren eremuan, polizia ikerkuntza eraginkorra betetzeko baldintzak honako hauek dira: ustez delitu den inzidentziaren existentzia, delituaren lekuko zehaztapena eta dauden nabaritasunen babesa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22919,2017-07,"The objective of this project is promoted by the importance acquired, in recent years, by natural gas or methane in the energy sector. What is sought is the synthesis of ""green"" methane efficiently, from carbon dioxide and hydrogen by the technique called ""Power to gas"". A nickel-based catalyst and an adsorbent (active carbon, lantane or zeolite) are used. The adsorbent can to reduce the amount of water produced in the reaction. Previously, these adsorbent are analyzed, some impregnated with magnesium or barium, by a TGA and to carry out the tests is used a pilot plant or Microactivity. The reaction is carried out at pressures of 1 bar and 10 bars and at temperatures between 275 and 350 ° C. In some cases, conversion values for hydrogen of up to 85% are obtained.","Proiektu honen jomuga gas naturalak edo metanoak sektore energetikoan hartu duen garrantzian datza. Karbono dioxidoa eta hidrogenoa erabilita, “Power to gas” teknikarekin metano “berdea”-ren sintesi eraginkorra bilatzen da. Horretarako, erreakzioan sorturiko ur kantitatea nikel funtsezko katalizatzaile bat eta adsorbatzaile bat (ikatz aktiboa, lantano oxidoa (III) edo zeolita) erabilita murrizten da. Microactivity pilotu instalazio batean entseiuak eginda, TGA batekin batera, adsorbatzaileak eta magnesiozko edo bariozko inpregnatu batzuk analizatzen dira. Erreakzioak 1 bareko eta 10 bareko presioetan eta 275 – 350 °C temperatura tartean burutzen dira. Hainbat kasutan, %85ko hidrogeno konbertsio mailara ailegatzen diren balioak lortzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26880,1996,"THe exceptional agapic riches of Caro Baroja is discussed. Since he was young, he made evident and developed steadfast love to the family, to the Basque Country, to the Anthropology-Criminology, to sciences, to freedom, to spiritual values and to the Society of Jesus.","Caro Barojaren aberastasun agapiko aparta azaltzen da, gaztetandik berak erakutsi eta zabaldutako familiari, Euskal Herriari, Antropologia-Kriminologiari, zientzien, askatasunari, gogo-balioei eta Jesusen Konpainiari maitasun sendoa azpimarratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14078,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: This work shows what the conflict is, the most commonly strategies used in education to manage it and in particular strategy of mediation. It also contains a qualitative analysis to meet the necessity and importance of having mediation in schools program, conducted through several interviews in three schools in the Basque country. The analysis of these interviews suggests that mediation is an appropriate tool to solve conflicts that are created in the schools, but that should not be the only one, but one more inside theprograms and school plans.","LABURPENA: Lan honek,gatazka zer den, hezkuntzan, kudeatzeko gehien erabiltzen diren estrategiak eta bereziki bitartekaritzaren estrategia erakusten du. Lan honek ere, Euskal Herriko hiru ikastetxetan egindako hainbat elkarrizketaren bitartez gauzatutako ikastetxeetan bitartekaritza programa edukitzearen garrantzia eta beharra ezagutzeko analisia eta datuak dauzka. Elkarrizketa hauen analisiek, bitartekaritza, eskoletan sortutako gatazkak konpontzeko tresna egokia dela pentsatzen dugu. Hala ere, ez da bakarra izan behar, baizik eta ikastetxe barruko planen eta programen artean bat gehiago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53934,2021-11-22,"Digital twins are one of the components belonging to the so-called Industry 4.0, which are nothing but virtual replicas of processes that simulate the behavior of the original system. The main objectives of this project were not only to model the digital twin of a robotic cell, but also to analyze and simulate it. The simulation is going to validate de automatization project and the robot program to then implement it in a real machine. Moreover, the execution of the digital twin itself is detailed, describing step by step the modelling and the logic introduced. Lastly, it is shown that the project achieves the objectives stated above, thus being allowed its feasible implementation in the industry. Therefore, the use of this technologies will permit to shorten the deadline of the launching process, turning out into a reduction of the associated costs.","Biki digitalak 4.0 Industria delakoaren osagarrietako bat dira, jatorrizko sistema baten portaera simulatzen duten prozesuen erreplika birtualak. Proiektu honen helburu nagusiak honakoak ziren: zelula robotikoaren biki digital baten eredua burutzea, bai eta modelo horretan analisia eta simulazioa egitea. Automatizazio eta robot programaren balioztapena lortu makina errealan inplementatzeko. Halaber, biki digitalaren gauzapena zehaztatzen da, pausoz pauso deskribatuz bertan barruratutako eredu-egitea eta logika. Azkenik, baieztatzen da proiektuak hasieran ezarritako helburuak betetzen dituela, bere industriarako aplikazioa ahalbidetu lezakeelarik. Gainera, teknologia mota hauen balizko inplementatzeak abiarazpen-prozesuaren epeak laburtuko ditu; horrenbestez, berari lotutako kostuak murriztuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25920,2018-03-22,"From the increasing interest about the emotional field as a means of intervention to solve many of the current school problems, the need of educating in emotions is arised. After finding out about the essential pillars of emotional education, we will analyse the role that this area plays in the Irish Educational System by the hand of some teachers. Moreover, an educational proposal for Primary Education will be implemented, which aims to develop the identification and regulation of basic emotions through ICTs. Once the positive impact of working on emotions in the classroom is noticed, there is no doubt that XXIst century education should point at the heart.","Esparru emozionalaren inguruko interesa gero eta handiagoa izanik eta horrek gaur egungo hainbat eskola-arazoen ebazpenetan esku-hartzeko bidea izateak emozioetan hezitzeko premia eragin du. Hezkuntza emozionalaren oinarrizko zutabeak ezagutu ondoren, arlo horrek Irlandako hezkuntza-sisteman betetzen duen funtzioa aztertuko dugu, bertako irakaslegoaren eskutik. Halaber, Lehen Hezkuntzarako proposamen hezigarria praktikan jarriko da, oinarrizko emozioen identifikazioa eta erregulazioa IKTen bitartez garatzea helburu duena. Emozioak gelan lantzeak dakartzan ondorio positiboak ikusita, ukaezina da XXI.mendeko hezkuntza sistemak bihotzera bideraturik egon behar duela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36519,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the purpose of the present project is to give dimensions to a telescopic self propelled boom. This type of boom is mounted on a structure, named superstructure, which it also is assembled to crane vehicle, for this reason it is called self propelled boom. The choice of this project has been promoted by the lack of information in these type of high capacity devices and due to their great utility being a key point in big structures that requires high advances such as windmills, bridges for new roads, AVE…etc. The calculations have been made with different approaches taking into account the maximum exploitation of materials. In this context, the optimization of different resources is an important goal due to if manufacturing costs are lower it will have a positive impact in the profitability of the project. There are different factors to consider performing the dimensioning of the boom. For example, maximum capacity of the supported load, total length and radius of the load. In this case, it has been decided to design the boom with maximum load capacity of 250 tons. The total length will be 72 meters divided in 6 sections, one fixed and other 5 sections are telescoped. This configuration requires a minimum load radius of 3 meters. It is important to highlight that considering these limitations the maximum inclination angle must be 83,36o. Apart from these calculations another important elements of the device will be designed. Among these elements are the appropriate hook to support the selected load, hydraulic cylinders for the elevation, moorings bolt and even a lattice as an optional element that could provide the boom an extra length or load radius for special situations. To increase the rotation of the structure a special bearing named ROTHE ERDE will be also studied. The correct operation of some elements is critical to ensure the correct behavior of the boom, and for this reason although, the telescoping system will not be calculated, the correct functioning will be studied. Regarding the operational safety, the stability of the device as a whole during the functioning must be ensured. For this reason, to validate the viability of this project, is mandatory to test the correct functioning of the boom under the different calculated conditions. For this purpose, considering the measures of the supports and the position, the force that each of them will support will be calculated. As a result of these calculations, the weight and the counterweights will be decided. A period of 7 weeks from the design was estimated for total construction of the structure. The rules and the laws that legislate this kind of vehicles always must be respected.","Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua autopropultsatutako luma teleskopikoko dimentsionamendua da. Luma mota hauek egitura baten gainean kokatuta daude, camioi baten gainean, horregatik autoproputsatuta dute izen moduan. Kalkulu prozedurarik onena landuko da dimentsionatzeko zeren eta material-ustiapena proiektuaren lehentasun bat da. Material-ustiapenaren bidez kostuen murrizketa inportante bat lortzen da. Luma dimentsionatzeko hainbat faktore garratzitsuak daude: zenbat karga mantentzen duen, bere luzapena edo kargaren erradioa. Kasu honetan luma 250 tonelada mantendu behar izango du. Lumaren luzapena 72 metrokoa izango da 6 tramoetan banatuta, bat finko eta 5 teleskopiko. Erradio minimoa 3 metrokoa izango da eta hori lortzeko 83 gradu behar izango dira. Zenbat karga kantitate mugitu ahal izango du angeluaren eta luzaeraren araberekin taula batzuk egingo dira beti gogoan izateko. Ezin izango dira tauletan dauden baloreak gainditu. Luma hau ikastea 250 tonelada goratzeko grua gutxi daudelako eta ia ez dagoelako informaziorik erabaki da. Gainera oso garrantzitsuak dira munduaren garapenerako egoera piloetan beharrezkoak direlako. Adibidez eraikin askotan, AVE edo errepide berrien zubietan, eta energia eolikoa lortzeko errotetan parte hartzen dute ibilgailu hauek. Luma dimentsionatu ondoren, bere elementu garrantzitsu batzuk diseinatu eta kalkulatuko dira. Garabiari dagokion kakoa, luma goratzeko behar den zilindro hidraulikoa, batzeko behar diren elementuak, eta zelosia bat ere diseinatuko eta kalkulatuko da. Zelosia elementu gehigarri bat izango da, bakarrik kasu berezietan ipiniko da luma eta erradioa luzatzeko. Lumari 360º-ko rotazioa emateko errodadura mota zehazki batzuk behar dira, ROTHE ERDE deitutakoak. Lumaren elementu batzuk, eraikin guztietan gertatzen diren moduan, oso kritikoak dira luma egoki funtzionatzeko. Teleskopatzeko erabiltzen duen mekanismoa ez da diseinatuko baina bai bere erabilera landu eta ikasiko da. Ibilgailuarekin lan egiteko beharrezkoa da segurtasun bikaina edukitzea eta horretarako egonkortasuna lantzea beharrezkoa izango da. Egonkortasuna luma lantzen duen posizio guztietan kontuan hartu beharko da, baina batez ere ibilgailua arriskuan ipintzen direnetan. Luma lantzen dagoenean ibilgailua egonkortzaile hanketan dago kokatuta eta haiek jasotzen duten indarrak kalkulatuko dira. Ibilgailua buelta ez emateko kontrapisuak ipintzen dira eta haien pisua erabaki beharko da. Luma teleskopikoaren eraikuntza 7 asteetan estimatzen da proiektua amaitu eta gero. Proiektuan ibilgailu hauentzat dauden arau guztiak bete behar izango dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72773,2025-02-14,"This studies the possibility of repowering the windfarm of Peña Armada which is located in Lugo, Spain. Nowadays, there are 23 wind turbines installed, each of them has a rated power of 900 kw and a 52.2 meters diameter. For the obtaining of the necessary data, it will be used the Eolic Map developed by the Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables (CENER). It Will be also used the distribution of Weibull. In the thesis is concluded that the best choice is substituting the current farm with 7 turbines of the model GE Energy 5.3-158 de 5.3 MW. This change would increase the nominal power of the park by a 79% and the annual energy production by a 192%. These changes would make necessary the installation of 7 LT-MT transformer with an apparent capacity of 6 MVA and a MT-HT transformer with an apparent capacity of 42 MVA. In addition, it would be also necessary the substitution of the current MT distribution line of the windfarm. It doesn’t look like those changes would make a notable increment into the environmental impact produced by the farm. Nevertheless, this project would offer the chance of making some changes in order to minimize the impact.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan Peña Armadako parke eolikoaren berrindarketa aztertzen da, parke hau Lugo, Españan lokatuta dago. Gaur egun parkean 23 haize-sorgailu daude instalatuta eta hauek 900 kW-ko banako potentzia eta 52.2 metroko diametroa daukate. Ikerketa honetarako beharrezkoak diren datuak lortzeko, Centro Nacional de Energías Renovables (CENER) garatutako Mapa Eolikoan aurkitzen diren datuak erabiliko dira, bestalde, Weibullen distribuzioa erabiliko da. Ikerketa honetan ondorioztatzen da aukera honena orain dauden haize-sorgailuak 7 GE Energy 5.3-158 modelozko sorgailuekin ordezkatzea dela. Haize-sorgailu hauek 5.3MW-ko banakako potentzia eta 158 metroko diametroa daukate. Aldaketa honen bidez instalatutako potentziaren %79-ko eta sortutako energiaren %192-ko handipena lortzen da. Aldaketa hauen ondorioz, 6 MVA-ko itxurazko potentzia daukaten BT/MT 7 transformadore eta 42 MVA-ko itxurazko potentzia daukan transformadore bat beharrezkoak dira. Dena den ere, beharrezkoa izango da parkearen barneko MT-ren distribuzio lerroen ordezkatzea. Ez dirudi instalatutako potentziaren handipen honek sortatuko ingurumen-inpaktuan aldaketa handirik sorraraziko dituela. Aditzean, aldaketa honek inpaktua gutxiarazten duten alternatibak instalatzeko aukera eskaintzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50999,2021-04-15,"In this final degree work an intervention of Corporal Expression has been carried out through the Learning Service methodology, taking into account the situation and needs of a Primary Education Centre. Part of this intervention has been for pupils who are unable to pay for extracurricular activities. For this work a didactic sequence of the subject of Corporal Expression has been created for students of 1st, 2nd and 3rd Primary Education. The main objective of this work has been to publicize the Service Learning related to Corporal Expression in a school in Vitoria-Gasteiz, where students have difficulty paying for after-school activities. The second objective is that in a fun and meaningful way students get to know Body Expression. A day-to-day narration has gathered information from the sessions held and the categorical system has been used for content analysis. In the conclusions of the work, the usefulness and benefits that Service Learning can bring for future teacher training in relation to Body Expression have been assured. Finally, the limitations and proposals for improvement that this work has had are presented.","Gradu Amaierako lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako ikastetxe jakin bateko egoera eta beharrak kontuan hartuta, Ikaskuntza Zerbitzuaren metodologiaren bitartez, Gorputz Adierazpeneko esku-hartze bat aurrera eraman da. Esku-hartze honen parte izan dira eskolaz kanpoko ekintzak ordaindu ezin ditzaketen ikasleak. Lan honetarako Gorputz Adierazpenaren arloko sekuentzia didaktiko bat sortu da Lehen Hezkuntzako 1., 2. eta 3. mailako ikasleentzako. Lan honen xede nagusia Gasteizko ikastetxe batean, non ikasleek eskolaz kanpoko ekintzak ordaintzeko zailtasunak dituzten, Gorputz Adierazpenarekin lotuta dagoen Ikaskuntza Zerbitzuaren berri ematea izan da. Bigarren helburuari dagokionez, modu dibertigarri eta esanguratsuan ikasleek Gorputz Adierazpenaren berri izatea da. Horretarako, aurrera eramaniko saioetan jasotako egunerokoaren bitartez, kategorizazio sistema erabili da edukiak analizatzeko. Laneko ondorioei erreparatuz, etorkizuneko irakasle formaziorako Ikaskuntza Zerbitzuak Gorputz Adierazpenarekin erlazionatuta ekar ditzakeen onurak eta baliagarritasuna ziurtatu da. Amaitzeko, lan honek izan dituen mugak eta hobekuntza proposamenak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37120,2019-12-19,"Abstract: an increase in sewage, due to population growth and climate change, can cause an overflow of the combined sewer system and malfunctioning of the wastewater treatment plant in Hørning. To comprehend the current situation, an analysis of the transport and treatment of the sewage can be accomplished. The aim of this report is to show how to make the sewer system and wastewater treatment plant of Hørning future-proof in relation to climate change, population growth and pollution. A Mike Urban model has been run to evaluate the current state of the sewer system. To estimate the capacity of the sewer system in the future the model has been run with climate factors, resulting in pipe sections that could not cope with the future increase in runoff. It is proposed to separate the sewer system or to upgrade the actual system. The key process parameters of the wastewater treatment plant have been calculated and analysed to verify its performance. To get an understanding of the denitrification process in the OCO tank, an experiment has been conducted. The prediction for the future is calculated based on assumptions. The current state of the wastewater treatment plant is adequate, but problems in the future are expected regarding sludge age and nitrification, which will result in a smaller volume for denitrification. This issue can be solved by alternating the aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic volumes of the process tank or construct a larger OCO tank. The receiving body will get polluted if the requisites are not fulfilled or during long rain events, when the combined sewer overflow activates. To evaluate the status of the stream, a closer look is taken to the invertebrates through a macro index. The analysis of the samples displays a moderate condition of the stream. To improve the ecological condition of the stream, a separate sewer system or a larger basin, with a possibility of reintroduction to the transport process to the wastewater treatment plant, is proposed.","Laburpena: hondakin-uren igoera batek, populazioaren hazkundeak eta klima-aldaketak piztuta, Hørning-eko estolderia konbinatuko sistemaren gainezkatze bat eta hondakin-uretako tratamendu-instalazioaren funtzionamendu txarra eragin ditzake. Gaurko egoera ulertzeko, hondakin-uren garraio eta tratamenduaren analisi bat egiten da. Txosten honen helburua Hørning-eko estolderia-sistema eta hondakin-uren araztegia etorkizunerako nola prestatu daitezke erakustea da, klima-aldaketari, populazioaren hazkundeari eta poluzioari dagozkionez. Estolderia-sistemaren gaurko egoera ebaluatzeko Mike Urban-ekin simulazio modelo bat sortu da. Etorkizunean estolderia-sistemaren ahalmena estimatzeko, modeloa zenbait faktore klimatiko kontuan hartuz exekutatu da, etorkizuneko isurtzearen handiagotzeari kontra egin ezin izango luketen hodi sekzioak emaitza bezala emanez. Estolderia-sistema banatzea edo sistema erreala eguneratzea proposatzen da. Hondakin-uretako tratamendu plantaren prozesuaren parametro gakoak kalkulatu eta analizatu egin dira bere errendimendua egiaztatzeko. OCO-tankearen desnitrifikazio-prozesua ulertzeko, esperimentu bat egin da. Etorkizunerako aurresana usteak erabiliz egin da. Araztegiaren gaurko egoera egokia da, baina lohien eta nitrifikazioaren adinari dagokionez arazoak espero dira, emaitza bezala desnitrifikaziorako bolumen txikiagoa bat izanez. Arazo hau ebatz daiteke prozesu-tankearen bolumen aerobiko, anoxiko eta anaerobikoak aldizkatuz edo OCO tanke handiago bat eraikiz. Uren gorputz hartzailea kutsatuko da araztegiaren irteeran gutxieneko baldintzak betetzen ez badira edo luzatutako euri ekitaldietan, estolderia konbinatuko gainezkatze sistema aktibatzen denean. Errekaren egoera ebaluatzeko, ornogabeen azterketa egiten da, makroa index bat eginez. Laginen analisiak erakusten dute errekaren situazioa moderatua dela. Baldintza ekologikoa hobetzeko, banandutako estolderia sistema eraikitzea edo arro handiago bat egitea, tratamendu plantaren garraio prozesura birsartzeko aukera izango duena, proposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14331,2015-02-04,"Green façades thermal characterization is a difficult task that involves a high level of certainty and realistic prediction models in outdoor dynamic situations. In the characterization of complex constructive elements, the theory can not be used, so the suitable solution is the tests of the elements and the analysis of the data provided. In order to obtain the thermal characterization PASSLINK test cells and LORD software are required. Using them, the thermal dynamic transmittance can be obtained.","Landare aurrekalde baten karakterizazio termikoa betebehar zaila da. Hori lortzeko, segurtasun maila altua eta kanpoaldeko egoeretan modeluen aurresan errealista beharrezkoa da. Eraiketa elementuen karakterizazioan teoria ezin da erabili. Emaitza hoberena elementuen saiakuntza eta datuen analisia da. Horretarako, PASLINK saiakuntza zelulak eta LORD programa erabiliko dira. Hauen bidez, landare aurrekalde baten transmitantzia termikoa egoera errealetan lortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14429,2015-02-17,"The increasing development of speech technology with the attempt to give people with any speech disability the maximum comfort in their daily life, has lead the research group Aholab to create the project called ZURE TTS, which aim is to develop a speech synthesizer for people affected by speech disabilities or total loss of voice. To obtain the synthesized voice, it is used as basis a corpus of natural voice composed of sentences recorded by voice donors. It is essential that the voice stored in the data base is appropriate so that the synthesis process is of the highest possible quality. Thus the project to be performed has the objective of create a verifier of the content of the records, that verify if the sentence read by the user is correct or not and in that way, guarantee the quality of the synthesized voice.","Ahots teknologiaren garapenaren gorakadak, hizketan minusbaliotasunen bat duten pertsonen eguneroko bizitza ahalik eta erosoena egitearen saiakerarekin batera, Aholab ikerkuntza taldea ZURE TTS proiektua garatzera eraman du, proiektuaren helburua ahots minusbaliotasun batez jota dauden edo ahotsa guztiz galdu duten pertsonentzat hizketa sintetizadore bat garatzea delarik. Ahots sintetizatua lortzeko, ahots emaileek grabatutako esaldiez osatutako ahots naturaleko corpus bat hartzen da oinarritzat. Sintesi prozesua ahalik eta kalitate altuenekoa izateko, nahitaezkoa da datu basean gordeta dagoen ahotsa egokia izatea, eta horregatik, burutuko den proiektuak grabazioen edukiaren egiaztatzaile bat garatzea du helburu, erabiltzaileak irakurritako esaldiak zuzenak diren edo ez egiaztatzen dituena, horrela ahots sintetizatuaren kalitatea bermatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17680,2016-03-16,"The achievement of a plain and autonomous citizenship within full rights and duties, is a key factor to ensure the inclusion of any person into it. This end of grade work, analyzes and highlights the situation of inequality that people with cerebral palsy have in order to become a full-fledged citizenship. For this purpose, a diagnosis of the situation in the Historical Territory of Bizkaia has been made, collecting data from various sources, both bibliographic and on the field. According to the obtained conclusions, a methodological design of intervention to empower persons with cerebral palsy as autonomous citizens, with rights and social duties, is presented.","Pertsonen inklusioa bermatzeko, oinarrizkoa da herritartasun osoa eta autonomoaren erabilera bermatuta izatea, honek dakarren zeregin eta eskubideekin. Gradu bukaerako lan honetan, garun paralisia duten pertsonak eskubide osoko herritarrak izateko bizi duten desberdintasun egoera aztertu eta agerian uzten da. Egoera hori aztertzeko, iturri anitzetatik zein lekuan bertan datuak hartuz, Bizkaiko lurralde historikoan diagnostikoa burutu da. Jasotako ondorioekin bat eginez, esku hartze metodologikorako diseinu bat aurkezten da, non garun paralisia duten pertsonak ahalduntzen diren, herritar autonomo eta eskubide zein zeregin sozialak dituen pertsonak izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26819,1995,"It is made a reflection about the racial discrimination, on the basis of the french example, and it is also underlined the importance to fight against the xenophobia and racialism from the Criminology and penal Law through prevention.","Arraza diskriminazioari buruzko gogoeta bat burutzen da, eredu frantsesa adibide gisa hartuz, prebentzioaren bitartez kriminologia eta Zuzenbide penaletik xenofobia eta arrazakeriaren aurka borrokatzeko garrantzia azpimarratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37085,2019-12-19,"Abstract Public awareness about climate change and sustainability has improved in the past few years. As a result, people are more committed to fight climate change by implementing the use of renewable energies, which are green alternatives to fossil fuels and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.The energy plan for the ERREKALEOR neighbourhood reported here aims to improve the energy supply of ERREKALEOR while helping the environment by outlining a plan to satisfy theenergetic demand of this community with the use of renewable energies.To start with, the energetic situation of both Spain and Europe were analysed. After that, a climatological study of the surroundings of ERREKALEOR were performed, followed by a detailed investigation of the current electric and thermal supply of the community.In addition, this study examined several renewable energy options for the supply of electricity, heating and hot water, highlighted the advantages and disadvantages of each of the options, taking into consideration the feasibility of implementing these alternatives in the community.Moreover, with the goal of supplying the community with electricity and heating derived from renewables, this report describes the most suitable greenalternatives for ERREKALEOR. Finally, a budgeting and economic profitability study is conducted to examine the feasibility of the energy plan proposed.","Laburpena Azken urteotan ingurumenaren kontserbazioari buruzko kezka nabarmen hazi da gizartean, jasangarritasun energetikoari eta metodo berriztagarrien inplementazioari buruzko kontzientzia handiagoa delarik, horrela negutegi efektuko gasen emisioak ekidinez. ERREKALEOR auzoaren proiektu energetikoaren funtsa aipaturiko buruhauste hauetan arreta jarriz ingurumenaren babesean laguntzea eta auzoko eskaera energetikoa bere osotasunean berriztagarrien bitartez zuzkitzea da.Lehenik eta behin, bai Europa zein Espainiako egoera energetikoa aztertzen da. Ingurunearen ikerketa klimatologikoa egingoda eta auzoaren deskribapen bat garatzen da gaur eguneko hornidura elektriko eta termikoa zehaztasunez azalduz.Ondoren, elektrizitate, berokuntza etaur bero sanitarioarenhornikuntza betetzeko energia berriztagarri desberdinak ikasten dira, haien abantaila eta desabantailak azpimarratuz eta auzoaren ezaugarriak kontuan izanik bakoitzaren egokitasunaeztabaidatuz. Horrela, denen artean gauzatzeko errazena den eta ekoizpen energetiko altuena eskaintzen duen aukera hautatuko da.Jarraian, auzoaren eskaera elektriko eta termikoa asebetetzeko erabakitako aukeren dimentsionaketa egingoda beharrezko kalkuluak eginez eta, amaitzeko, proiektuaren bideragarritasuna eta errentagarritasuna aztertzeko helburuarekin ikasketa ekonomikoa egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16461,2015-12-15,"This work describes a series of improvements applicable to a commercial kit of humanoid robot Robonova, in order that this one reproduces the human cinematic behavior with major autonomy. Between these improvements stand out the implementation of infrared sensors, sensors of position, vision cameras and connections in series of servomotors. All this controlled from a computer of small plate Raspberry Pi.","Lan honek Robonova robot humanoideko merkataritza-kit bati aplikatzeko moduko zenbait hobekuntza deskribatzen ditu, robot honek gizakiaren portaera zinematikoa autonomia handiagoarekin erreproduzi dezan. Deskribatzen diren hobekuntzen artean nabarmentzen dira sentsore infragorrietako, posizio-sentsoreetako, ikuspegi-kameretako eta serbomotorretako serieko konexioetako inplementazioa. Hau guztia plaka txikiko Raspberry Pi ordenagailu batetik kontrolatuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60268,2023-03-06,"This Final Degree project aims to analyse the impact organic learning gardens can have on sustainability education. In order to do this, a questionnaire has been designed and carried out to analyse the connection with nature of 6th grade students and their knowledge about gardens and their products. By means of this, the knowledge and preconceptions of pupils in this last stage of Primary Education has been assessed, in order to find out whether the learning objectives and contents defined in the Basic Education Curriculum are really achieved. The questionnaire was carried out at the Zabalgana school and the Umandi ikastola in Vitoria-Gasteiz where 122 6th grade students from these schools took part. On the other hand, in order to see how the organic learning gardens can be used and assess their impact, a teaching-learning sequence (TLS) has been designed. The aim is to immerse the 6th grade students in the organic garden, to promote the connection with nature, to train them in the management of the garden and to work on the knowledge of the origin of foodstuffs. Additionally, we have implemented the TLS in a classroom with 24 6th grade students from the Zabalgana school. This TLS is grounded on the EAThink project (2015) launched by the European Union and has been the central axis of the TLS. Finally, in order to evaluate the impact of the TLS didactic sequence, with respect to the pupils' natural connection, knowledge about local foods and knowledge about the organic garden using a pre/post test design. The results indicate that although students reflect a strong relationship with nature, knowledge is incomplete. Moreover, although they have appropriate ideas about sustainable food, they do not understand the reason behind. Additionally, it has been confirmed that they have a basic knowledge of natural elements of gardens and have problems with the identification of local species. Finally, a redesign of a TLS grounded on the EAThink project (2015) (using organic garden as a focus) has increased pupils' knowledge.","Gradu Amaierako lan honek ortu ekodidaktikoek jasangarritasunaren hezkuntzan izan dezaketen inpaktua aztertu nahi du. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako ikasleen naturarekiko konexioa eta ortuen inguruan duten kontzeptualizazioa, bertako elikagaien inguruan dituzten ezagutzak eta elikadura jasangarria zer den dakiten aztertzeko bibliografian oinarritutako galdetegi bat diseinatu eta aurrera eraman da. Honen bidez, Lehen Hezkuntzako azken etapa honetan ikasleek dituzten ezagutza eta aurreideiak zeintzuk diren aztertu dira, Oinarrizko Hezkuntza Curriculumean zehaztuta dauden helburu eta edukien ikaskuntza benetan bermatzen diren egiaztatzeko asmoz. Galdetegia, Gasteizko Zabalgana eskolan eta Umandi ikastolan egin da eta ikastetxe hauetako 6. mailako 122 ikasleek parte hartu dute. Bestalde, ortu ekodidaktikoek izan ditzaketen erabilera eta hauen inpaktua ikusi ahal izateko, irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza sekuentzia (IIS) baten berdiseinua egin da eta inplementazio pilotua aurrera eraman da Zabalgana ikastetxean (LH 6. maila, n=24). Honekin, LHko ikasleak baratzan murgiltzea, naturarekiko konexioa sustatzea, ortuaren kudeaketan trebatzea eta elikagaien jatorriaren inguruko ezagutzak lantzea bilatu da. IIS hau, Europar Batasunak abiarazitako EAThink (2015) proiektuan oinarritzen da eta inplementazioaren ardatz nagusia izan da. Amaitzeko, IISaren inpaktua ebaluatzeko asmoz, pre/post galdetegiak erabili dira. Naturarekiko konexioan, bertako elikagaien eta ortuen inguruko ezagutzetan aldaketak egon diren aztertzeko asmoz. Emaitzek adieraztera eman dutena, ikasleek naturarekiko lotura sendo bat islatzen duten arren, ezagutzak ez direla behar luketen sakonak. Hau gutxi ez balitz, elikadura jasangarriaren inguruko idea egokiak dituzten arren, honen arrazoiak ez dituzte ulertzen. Bestetik, ortuaren kontzeptu sinple bat eta bertako espezieen identifikazioarekin arazoak dituztela baieztatu da. Amaitzeko, EAThink proiektuaren unitate baten birmoldaketa (ortua ardatz bezala erabiliz) baten ondorioz, ikasleen ezagutzen hobekuntza partzial bat eman dela egiaztatu da. Lan honen bitartez, eskola ortuen erabileraren baliagarritasuna egiaztatu da jasangarritasunaren hezkuntzarako baliabide gako gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37091,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the project is an approximation to an automatic temporal relation identifier for clinical texts based on neural networks, the system is functional an has an evident high fidelity prototype that could accurate how to apply techniques as: natural language processing NLP, machine learning ML and deep learning DL. The project structure has an introduction to immerse lecturer into technical signature, moreover it has a project objectives document where it could be found all management information used to manage the project, in addition it has a state of the art summary into which we inspired our experiments trough the final prototype, later we detail the process of: analysis, design and implementation, based on BiLSTM + CRF to achieve high fidelity prototype, and other experiments made, we also have partial results summarized in testing section and we contrast the system with ‘i2b2’ international challenge, in this case we update the current state of the art in clinical concept extraction and time expression extraction tasks, finally we show the prototypes made for the system, and we review the work made, and besides we expose the future works on system. We finally suggest the use of the present work in future approximations into new application areas, because of the system is generic and the difficult would be in the data generation, it could be used the IOB format and pre trained word embedding s relative to the task studied.","Laburpena: proiektua da sare neuronaletan oinarritutako testu klinikoetako denborazko erlazioko identifikatzaile automatikoko hurbilketa, sistema funtzionala da eta du ‘processing-a language naturala’ teknika aplikazioa NLP-a, ‘learning-a’ ML ‘machine-a’ eta ‘learning-a’ DL ‘deep-a’ zehazteko goi-fidelitate gaiko prototipo baten ziurtasuna. Proiektuaren, sarrerarekiko kontuaren irakurketa teknikoaren alde agertzeko informazio nahikoko elikatzea irakurleari| bilatzen duenaren, egiturari dagokionez gainera Proiektuaren Helburuetako Dokumentua erakusten da, proiektuaren kudeaketari buruzko informazio guztia aurki dezakeen tokian, bestalde erakusten da artearen egoeraren| laburpen bat, egindako goi-fidelitate-prototiporainoko hurbilketetarako inspirazioa hartu dugunaren, gero zehazten du: analisiak, diseinua eta inplementazioa BiLSTM-etan oinarritutako sistemaren goi-fidelitateko prototipoaren garapenerako egindakoak + CRF-a, egindako beste esperimentu batzuk bezala horrela, garapen honek ditu probetan eta iragaitzaz erakusten diren emaitza partzialak egiaztatzen dute ‘i2b2' nazioarteko lehiaketarekin, artearen egoera kontzeptu klinikoko erauzketan etadenborazko adierazpenetan eguneratuz, azkenik proiektuan zehar sortutako prototipoak tratatzen dira, eta amaitzen du proiektuaren kritikarekin, baita ere beraren gainean egiteko etorkizuneko lanekin. Azkenik, pentsatzen dugu ideia ona izango litzatekeela aplikazio-area berrietara etorkizuneko hurbiltzeetarako oraingo| proiektuaren erabilera, deskribatutako sistema generikotzat hartzen denez gero, eta aipaturiko hurbiltzeetako zailtasuna entrenamendu-tmultzoan etzango litzatekeela IOB-a aipaturiko zereginaren formatua, eta ‘embeddings-a’ zehazki egiten den hurbiltzerako aurre entrenatutako ‘word’ batzuk aprobetxatu ahal izanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25473,1997,"The firm of an agreement to level of education, research and publications between Department of Interior of the Basque Country and the Basque Institut of Criminology, of the Basque Country University, will configure a collaboration frame between these institutions. University will permit to increase the study in depth of the criminological knowledge to encourage, this way, the relation between science and the more urgent needs, overcoming the technique and expert’s dimension and from the enlarged vision that Criminology provides.","Hitzarmena sinatuko da Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Herrizaingo Saila eta Kriminologiaren Euskal Institutuaren artean prestakuntza, ikerketa eta argitalpenetarako; delako hitzarmen hori bi erakunde horien arteko lankidetzari ekiteko esparrua izango da. Unibertsitateak ezagutza horietan murgiltzeko aukera emango du eta, horrela, zientzia eta beharrizan premiazkoenen arteko lotura sustatu, hau da, izari tekniko edo polizial hutsa gaindituz eta Kriminologiari ikuspegi zabalagoa emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67677,2024-05-07,"This Final Degree Project presents a didactic proposal focused on promoting the inclusion of students with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) through the subject of Physical Education, taking as a starting point the reality of a school located in Vitoria-Gasteiz. For its development, I have taken into consideration both the information gathered through direct observation, as well as the objective data through meetings and contacts held with various educational agents of that school. The result is the didactic proposal called ""Diversi(ón) natural"". This is based on the ""Service-Learning"" methodology as the main approach, with the aim of addressing and reducing situations of lack of social inclusion faced by students diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) at that school. To achieve this purpose, a complete didactic material has been elaborated and adapted to the reality of this centre, designed so that those professionals can implement the proposals in the near future. Through this didactic material, I propose the use of nature outings, specifically hiking routes throughout the Basque Country, as a pedagogical tool that contributes to reducing the social inequality that affects this vulnerable group, while at the same time fostering an inclusive environment both inside and outside the classroom, that is, seeking to establish strong emotional bonds between pupils with ASD and the rest of their classmates in Primary Education.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan proposamen didaktiko bat aurkezten da, Gorputz Hezkuntza irakasgaiaren bidez Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua (AEN) duten ikasleen inklusioa sustatzera bideratuta dagoena eta Gasteizko ikastetxe baten errealitatea abiapuntutzat hartzen duena. Hori garatzeko, zuzeneko behaketaren bidez bildutako informazioa zein ikastetxe horretako hainbat hezkuntza-eragilerekin eta arduradunekin izandako bileren eta harremanen bidez datu objektiboak kontuan hartu dira. Prozesu horren emaitza ""Diversi (ón) natural"" izeneko proposamen didaktikoa da. Proposamen hori “Ikaskuntza-Zerbitzua” metodologian oinarritzen da, ikuspegi nagusi gisa, ikastetxean Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua (AEN) duten ikasleek aurre egin behar dieten gizarteratze-gabeziako egoerei heltzeko eta horiek murrizteko. Helburu hori lortzeko, material didaktiko oso bat prestatu da, zentro honen errealitatera egokitua, bertako profesionalek planteatutako proposamenak etorkizunean inplementatu ahal ditzaten. Material didaktiko horren bidez, naturarako irteeren erabilera planteatzen dira, bereziki mendi-ibilien ibilbideak euskal lurralde osoan. Jarduera hauek, talde kaltebera horri eragiten dion desberdintasun soziala murrizten lagunduko duen tresna pedagogiko gisa erabiltzen dira. Aldi berean, giro inklusiboa sustatzea baita du helburu ere, bai ikasgelan, bai ikasgelatik kanpo; hau da, lotura afektibo sendoak ezarri nahi ditut TEA duten ikasleen eta Lehen Hezkuntzako gainerako ikaskideen artean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60326,2023-03-10,"The Project will be executed in the village of Galdakao, it consist of calculating and designing the mobile deck of a 50mx25m swimming pool, complying with regulations. Firstly, the mobile cover will be designed and calculated. When the deck is collected, a half of it will rest on one side of the reinforced concrete structure and the other half on the other side. The cover will have arc shape and will be made of steel, on which the polyurethane plates will rest and be fixed. Then, to support the cover, the reinforced concrete structure will be designed and calculated. The structure will be calculate with the CYPE programme.","Proiektu hau Galdakao hirian kokatuko da. 50mx25m-ko igerileku baten estalki mugikor baten egitura osoaren diseinu eta kalkuluan oinarrituko da, araudia betez. Batetik, igerilekuaren estalkiaren egitura teleskopikoa diseinatu eta kalkulatuko da. Estalki hau bilduta dagoenean, estalki zati mugikorren erdiak albo bateko hormigoi armatuzko egituran sostengatuko dira eta beste erdiak beste albokoan. Estalkiak arku forma edukiko dute eta altzairuzko profilekin osatuta egongo dira, non, estalkiaren poliuretano plakak bertan finkatuta egongo diren. Bestetik, estalki osoa eusteko, hormigoi armatuzko egituraren diseinu eta kalkuluak egingo dira. Egituraren Kalkulua CYPE programaren bidez egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54135,2021-11-26,"The objective of this work is to reproduce the research of school library blogs carried out in Extremadura (Spain) to analyze the reality of the Basque Country´s school library blogs and to be able to make a comparison with the results of the Extremadura research. In order to achieve this aim, the research model of Extremadura has been followed. The study shows that, first of all, many school libraries in the Basque Country have disappeared, due to the lack of funds and elimination of school librarians, despite the fact that it has proven that school libraries are great support for students, teachers and families. On the other hand, this research has shown that the few surviving school library blogs are of good quality, but of a bleak future as they are under the courage of some people, despite being an important resource for spreading reading and other activities (as demonstrated by the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19).","Lan honen xedea Extremaduran (Espainian) egindako eskola-liburutegi blogen ikerketa EAEko eskola-liburutegi blogekin erreproduzitzea izan da, gure Erkidegokoen errealitatea aztertzeko eta Extremadurako ikerketako emaitzekin konparatzeko. Ikerketa egiteko, Extremadurako ikerketaren eredua jarraitu da. Ikerketak agerian utzi du, batetik, EAEko eskola-liburutegi asko desagertu egin direla, Administrazioak aspaldi utzi baitzituen hauek finantziaziorik gabe eta liburuzainen plazak desagerrarazten, frogatuta egon arren euskarri aparta direla ikasle, irakasle eta familientzat. Bestetik, ikerketak azaleratu du bizirik jarraitzen duten eskola-liburutegi blog gutxiek kalitate ona dutela, baina etorkizun iluna, pertsona batzuen adorearen pean baitaude, irakurzaletasuna eta bestelako hezkuntza jarduerak zabaltzeko hain baliabide garrantzitsua badira ere (COVID-19k eragindako pandemia egoeran erakutsi duten moduan)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52069,2021-06-28,"Eskorbuto punk band’s lyrics reflected the context and tough conditions Bilbao was suffering from during the 80s. This is why due to the 1973 crisis that deindustrialized the area and left workers in a vulnerable position the british no future motto gained prominence. In order to overcome this situation, during the 90s the city started an unprecedented urban and architectural transformation in which cultural large-scale projects such as the Guggenheim Museum were essential. This paper therefore evaluates with the help of modern marxist’s perspective regarding geographical landscape and space-production the process the city of Bilbao has gone through since the 90s. Finally, in contemplation of the course and consequences of this new means of urbanisation, three large-scale projects have been investigated in this paper: the Guggenheim Museum, the Alhóndiga Bilbao and the Fine Arts Museum.","Eskorbuto punk taldearen hitzek 1980. hamarkadan Bilbon bizi zen egoera gogorra eta lazgarria islatzen zuten. Horrela, no future lelo britaniarrak oihartzun handia izan zuen, 1973. urteko krisiak Bilboaldea desindustrializatu eta langileria egoera zaurgarrian utzi baitzuen. Hiriaren egoera latzari aurre egiteko, 90. hamarkadan zehar transformazio urbanistiko eta arkitektoniko izugarria bultzatu zen, non Guggenheim museoa bezalako makro-proiektu kulturalek garrantzia handia izan zuten. Testu honek 90. hamarkadatik gaur egun arte burututako hiriaren eraberritze prozesua du ikergai, paisaia geografikoaren eta espazioaren ekoizpenaren inguruko ekarpen marxista garaikideak baliatuz. Amaitzeko, lan honetan hiru makro-proiektu kultural —Guggenheim museoa, Alondegia eta Arte Ederren museoa— aztertzen dira, hirigintzaren berrien norabidea eta ondorioak arakatzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26892,1996,"The prologue of the book Sources of the Basque criminal law can be used as reflexion about the basque criminal law. This reflexion will be done through a linguistic research, looking for the origin of the notion and following a comparative method. Terms comparison gives the necessary complement to the law study and to the country law conception.","Fuentes de Derecho penal vasco liburuari egindako hitz-aurreak bide gisa balio du Euskal Zuzenbide penalaren gogoeta bat burutzeko, hizkuntza-ikerketa baten bitartez, kontzeptuaren jatorriak aurkitzeko asmoz eta bide konparatiboa jarraituz. Hitz-leika honi esker osagarri bat lortzen da, lege ikaskuntzarako eta herriaren kontzepzio juridikorako beharrezkoa dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25268,2001,"For years the family mistreatment crime awakes an unusual interest due mainly to two reasons: the increase of these conducts and bacause of becoming aware of the legislative insufficiency in this matter. Article 153 of the penal Code in force regulates this crime, since the reform of 21th June 1989 introduced the article 425 of the previous code. In view of the great differences between the first crime writing in 1989 and its successive reforms, in this work the elements introduced by the penal Code of 1995 as well as those introduced by the 1999 reform are analyzed, through a concise study of the most relevant questions as well as an exam of the elements of this crime.","Azken bolada honetan familia barruan ematen den tratu txarren delituak izugarrizko jakin mina sortu du. Guzti hori bi arrazoiren ondorio bilakatu da: jokabide horiek jasan duten gehikuntza alde batetik eta legeriaren faltarekiko jabetzea bestetik. Kode penaleko 153 artikuluak aztertzen du figura hau, 1989ko ekainaren 21-eko erreformak aurreko kodigoko 425. artikulua sartu zuenetik. Hasiera bateko, 1989ko delituaren deskribapenak eta ondorengoen diferentziak, 1995eko kode penalean ezartzen zen erredakzioa eta 1999ko erreformak aztertzen dira, delituaren elementu guztiak aipatuaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23288,2017-07,"During the last decade, technology for identifying objects through radio frequency called RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) has adopted an important role in controlling commercial items. The growing demand in different sectors, have caused companies such as TracetechID, producer of this technology, to focus their efforts on the production and marketing of their products, to lower their costs. However, they can not leave aside research and development, necessary to improve and adapt their products to the needs of each client. This work describes the process carried out for the performance of an electromagnetic study of the antennas provided by that company, analyzing them in different situations and reviewing their behavior. For that, a theoretical analysis is performed through simulations, in addition to a practical study through laboratory measurements.","Azken hamarkadan, irrati-frekuentziaren bidez objektuak identifikatzeko RFID (Radio Frequency IDentification) izeneko teknologiak, merkataritza elementuen kontrolean paper garrantzitsua lortu du. Eskariaren hazkundeak sektore ezberdinen partetik, RFID teknologia fabrikatzen duten enpresek produktuen ekoizpenean eta merkaturatzean zentratzea eragin du, kostuak murriztearren. Adibidez, TracetechID izeneko enpresa. Hala ere, ikerketa eta garapen zereginak baztertu ezin dituzte, bezero bakoitzaren beharrak asetzeko beharrezkoak baitira. Lan honetan, aipatutako enpresak hornitutako antena desberdinen analisi elektromagnetikoa egoera desberdinetan burutzeko prozesua deskribatzen da, haien jarrera aztertuz. Horretarako, simulazioen bidezko analisi teoriko bat egingo da, baita laborategi neurrien bidezko azterlan praktiko bat ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32631,2019-05-03,"The base of the emotional development takes place in the first years of childhood. Knowing the own emotions, understanding them and being able to deal with them, as well as recognizing and understanding those of others, will be necessary in order to have a healthy daily coexistence. The main objective of this survey is to analyze the emotional development of 42 children (21 girls and 21 boys) between 3-6 years old: to what extent emotional comprehension, emotional regulation and empathy are developed. Two hypotheses have been considered: 1) The older the children are, the better scores they will obtain 2) Girls will get better scores than boys. Even though statistical significant differences have been found, the hypotheses cannot be confirmed. The possible reasons for these results are analyzed in the conclusions section.","Garapen emozionalaren oinarria haurraren lehenengo urteetan ematen da. Beraz, norbere emozioak ezagutzea, ulertzea eta ondo kudeatzen jakitea, eta besteenak ere antzematea eta ulertzea, ezinbestekoa izango da elkarbizitzarako giroa osasuntsua izan dadin. Egindako ikerketa honen helburua, 3-6 urte bitarteko 42 umeen (21 neska eta 21 mutil) garapen emozionala eta zehazki, ulermen emozionala, erregulazio emozionala eta enpatia zein puntutaraino garatuta dauden aztertzea izan da. Horretarako bi hipotesi planteatu dira: 1) Adinak aurrera egin ahala puntuazioak altuagoak izango dira; 2) Neskek mutilek baino altuago puntuatuko dute. Esan beharra dago, emaitzetan ezberdintasun esanguratsuak aurkitu arren, hipotesiak ez direla bete. Emaitza hauen arrazoi posibleak ondorioen atalean azaldu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62965,2023-06-30,"In this paper I will analyze the situation of reinsertion of prisoners incarcerated for ETA terrorism. Since the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country has assumed responsibility for the penitentiary system, in recent months we have frequently seen the third degrees dedicated to ETA prisoners. A forthcoming reality will be the release of all these prisoners and, consequently, a reinsertion process will have to be set in motion. In relation to this phenomenon, I will analyze in this research a series of facts and concepts related to the reinsertion of ETA members. In the first section, in addition to the trajectory of ETA and the evolution of the penitentiary policy, I will present some relevant concepts to explain peace and the reinsertion of prisoners, as well as an in-depth analysis of the victims in order to form a theoretical framework. Then, I will analyze the experiences of restorative justice in Euskadi related to the penitentiary and penal system, specifically the Nanclares Way and the Basque Restorative Justice Strategy of Euskadi (2022-2025). I will also address transitional justice, repentance and forgiveness. Finally, in order to assess the process of reintegration of ETA prisoners, I will conduct a series of interviews with subjects related to this topic, in order to seek answers to the questions raised.","Lan honetan, ETAren terrorismoarengatik kartzelatuak dauden presoen birgizarteratze-egoera aztertuko dut. Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoak espetxe-sistemaren eskumena bere gain hartu duenetik, azkenengo hilabeteetan maiz ikusten ari gara ETAko presoei eskainitako hirugarren graduak. Etorkizunean gertu dugun errealitate bat preso guzti hauen kaleratzea izango da eta ondorioz, birgizarteratze-prozesu bat abian jarri beharko da. Honen arira, ikerketa honetan, ETAko partaideen birgizarteratzearekin erlazioa duten hainbat gertaera eta kontzeptu aztertuko ditut. Lehenengo atal batean, ETAren ibilbidea eta espetxe politikaren bilakaeraz gain, bakea eta presoen birgizarteratzea azaltzeko kontzeptu garrantzitsu batzuk azalduko ditut baita biktimen azterketa sakon bat, marko teoriko bat osatzeko. Ondoren, espetxe eta zigor sistemari loturiko Euskadiko justizia leheneratzaileko esperientziak aztertuko ditut; Langraiz bidea eta Euskadiko Justizia Errestauratiboaren Euskal Estrategia (2022-2025) hain zuzen. Horrez gain, justizia trantsizionala, damua eta barkamena ere jorratuko ditut. Bukatzeko, ETAko presoen birgizarteratze-prosezua baloratzeko, gai honekin zerikusia dituzten subjektuekin elkarrizketa batzuk egingo ditut, egindako galderei erantzunak bilatzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37144,2019-12-20,"Abstract: the demand for intensive livestock rearing, together with the promoted use of agricultural fertilizers, has ended up dislodging agriculture and livestock, historically complementary. Therefore, the management of waste from stables has become, at specific times, a focus of public attention. Through this project, it is intended to propose the most common techniques of livestock excretion management, taking into account the advantages and disadvantages from a technical, environmental and economic point of view, giving priority to environmental sustainability. Specifically, this work provides a solution to the waste generated by the Aberekin bovine farm, with 300 stallions and located in the town of Zamudio, Bizkaia. First, the complete treatment necessary for the treated waste can be dumped into the Public Sanitation Network, destined to WWTP of Galindo, the most important plant of the Bilbao Water Consortium - Bizkaia, has been studied. The decision for this destination is given by the flexibility in the composition of the waste, much greater than that necessary for discharge. Next, the guidelines for the construction of the plant that will allow the treatment of the generated waste are designed and given. For this, the project consists of five documents. The first, memory and annexes, is focused on the approach of alternatives and the solution chosen, based on the information in the annexes. Once the optimal solution has been chosen, then there are, in order, Plans, Technical Specification, Budget and Health and Safety Study. It is necessary to highlight the considerable composition of the waste to be treated, which causes the phases of the treatment to be increased, especially those dedicated to the reduction of SS, organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus. The proposed treatment is divided into pretreatment, primary treatment and secondary treatment. To condition the effluent to be treated, there is an arrival casket, a thick pit and a roughing channel. The effluent obtained at this stage has a homogeneous flow without large solids from the work carried out in the stables. The second phase consists of two in-line decanters, sized according to the solids load, in which the decantable solids present in the wastewater will be eliminated. Finally, as a secondary treatment, a lagoon system will be used. This phase also focuses on the anaerobic treatment of the effluent, formed by four online gaps. The lagoon ends with an optional lagoon and a purification lagoon, both with a larger surface area, in order to purify the composition through oxygenation and sunlight.","Laburpena: abeltzaintza hazkuntza intentsiboaren eskariak, nekazaritzako ongarrien erabilerarekin batera, nekazaritza eta abeltzaintza baztertu ditu, historikoki osagarriak. Beraz, ukuiluen hondakinen kudeaketa, une jakin batzuetan, jendearen arreta ardatz bilakatu da. Proiektu honen bidez, abereen uzkurtzearen kudeaketaren teknika ohikoenak proposatu nahi dira, abantailak eta desabantailak ikuspuntu tekniko, ingurumen eta ekonomiko batetik kontuan hartuta, ingurumenaren iraunkortasunari lehentasuna emanez. Hain zuzen ere, lan honek irtenbide bat ematen du Aberekin abere haziendak sortutako hondakinei, 300 geldialdi dituena eta Bizkaiko Zamudio herrian dagoena. Hasteko, tratatutako hondakinak saneamendu publikoko sarera isurtzeko beharrezkoa den tratamendu osoa aztertu da, Galindoko EDUra, Bilbo Ur Partzuergoko planta garrantzitsuena - Bizkaia. Helmuga honetarako erabakia hondakinen konposizioan malgutasunak ematen du, isurketak egiteko behar dena baino askoz handiagoa. Ondoren, sortutako hondakinen tratamendua ahalbidetuko duen planta eraikitzeko jarraibideak diseinatu eta eman behar dira. Horretarako, proiektua bost dokumentuk osatzen dute. Lehena, memoria eta eranskinak, aukeren planteamenduan eta aukeratutako irtenbidean oinarritzen da, eranskinetako informazioan oinarrituta. Irtenbide egokiena aukeratuta, planak, zehaztapen teknikoa, aurrekontua eta osasun eta segurtasun azterketa daude. Tratatu beharreko hondakinen osaera nabarmena nabarmendu behar da eta horrek tratamendu faseen gehikuntza eragiten du, batez ere SS, materia organikoa, nitrogenoa eta fosforoa murrizteari eskainitakoa. Proposatutako tratamendua aurretratamenduan, lehen tratamenduan eta bigarren mailako tratamenduan banatzen da. Tratatu beharreko efluentea baldintzatzeko, iristeko kaxa bat, zulo lodia eta zurtoineko kanala daude. Etapa honetan lortzen den efluenteak ukuiluan egindako lanetatik solido handirik gabeko fluxu homogeneoa du. Bigarren fasea lerroko bi dekantatzailek osatzen dute, solidoen kargaren arabera tamainakoa, eta horietan hondakin uretan dauden solido dekantagarriak ezabatuko dira. Azkenik, bigarren mailako tratamendu gisa, aintzira sistema erabiliko da. Fase honek efluentearen tratamendu anaerobikoa ere du ardatz, lineako lau hutsuneak osatuta. Aintzira aukerako aintzira batekin eta arazketa aintzirarekin amaitzen da, biak azalera handiagoarekin, konposizioa arazteko oxigenazio eta eguzki argiaren bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36616,2019-11-28,"Abstract: the purpose of the project is to carry out a municipal sports center for the town of Mioño, requested by the neighborhood council of Mioño and by the municipality of Castro-Urdiales. the part that concerns the structure will be carried out, both the choice of the profiles and the joints, the foundations, the distribution of the water supply and evacuation pipes and the fire protection systems. (Lnaguage: English)","Laburpena: proiektuaren helburua Mioñoko herriaren udal kiroldegia egitea da, Mioñoko auzoko udalak eskatu eta Castro-Urdiales udalerriaren eskutik. egiturari dagokion zatia gauzatuko da, bai profilen eta artikulazioen aukeraketa, oinarriak, ur hornidura eta ebakuazio hodien banaketa eta suteen aurkako babes sistemak. (Hizkuntza: Euskara)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23149,2017-07,"Analysis and design of an electrical microgrid in La Muela. Abstract: This paper aims to provide the reader a complete description and analysis of the main features of an Alternating Current (AC) o grid microgrid, as well as making a basic design and simulation of that kind of microgrid for a possible implementation in La Muela, Spain. It is also intended to highlight for its many bene ts the DER- and most advanced communication technology-based AC microgrids as the best solution among all the possible alternatives to o er an e ective and environmentally sustainable electric power supply.","Dokumentu honen xedea irakurleari Korronte Alternoko (AC) mikrosareen elementu nagusiei buruzko deskribapen eta analisia eskaintzea da. Gainera, garatu eta azaldu egiten da mota horretako mikrosare baten diseinua eta simulazioa inplementazio erreal bat gauzatzeko La Muelan, Espainia. Guzti honekin bilatzen dena da DER-etan eta komunikazio teknologia aurreratuenetan oinarritutako AC mikrosarea soluzio eraginkor eta ingurugiroarekiko jasangarriatzat aurkeztea, eta alternatiba guztietatik bereiztea bere hainbat onurengatik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63473,2023-07-03,"From the perspective of certain governments or communities, unwanted migration is a threat and must be firmly combated through a set of measures. As a result, certain EU borders, such as transnational and external borders, have become conflict zones where rights are violated and entry is denied for people based on their origin or ethnicity, causing suffering and forcing transit individuals to choose alternative, sometimes dangerous, and even deadly routes. These precarious circumstances, observed in various EU countries, have caused the reaction of certain individuals who are unable to accept the injustices and difficulties faced by these people. However, solidarity towards transit individuals has also been harshly punished, in a broader punitive context of social protest and an attempt to repress it for contradicting anti-migration policies. Facilitated by vague legislations and the rise of far-right movements, the criminalization of solidarity has significantly increased in several EU countries, such as France, including the border area of Hendaye, which will be the focus of our study. The means to repress solidarity encompass police activity, administrative obstruction, as well as criminal prosecution, along with campaigns to discredit, leaving these victims in ruin or with significant personal consequences in certain cases.","Desiagarria ez den migrazioa mehatxu bat da zenbait gobernu edo komunitateren ikuspegitik, neurri multzo baten bidez irmoki aurre egiten zaiolarik. Ondorioz, EBko muga jakin batzuk, hala nola nazioz gaindikoak edo kanpokoak, eremu gatazkatsu bihurtu dira, non eskubideak urratzen diren eta pertsonei beren jatorriaren edo etniaren arabera igarotzea debekatzen zaien, sufrimendua eraginez eta transituan dauden pertsonei bide alternatiboak aukeratzera behartuz, batzuetan arriskutsuak direlarik, baita hilgarriak ere. Egoera larri horiek, EBko hainbat herrialdetan ikus daitezkeenak, pertsona horiek jasaten dituzten bidegabekeriak eta zailtasunak onartzeko gai ez diren pertsona batzuen erreakzioa eragin dute. Hala ere, transituan dauden pertsonekiko elkartasuna ere gogor zigortu da, gizarte-protestaren zigor-testuinguru zabalago batean eta migrazioaren aurkako politikak zapaltzeagatik hura erreprimitzeko ahaleginean. Legedi zehaztugabeek eta eskuin muturraren gorakadak lagunduta, elkartasunaren kriminalizazioak gorakada nabarmena izan du EBko hainbat herrialdetan, besteak beste, Frantzian, Hendaiako muga barne, bertan zentratuko delarik gure azterlana. Elkartasuna zapaltzeko bideek polizia-jarduera, administrazio-oztopoa eta zigor-arloko prozesamendua hartzen dituzte, baita deslegitimazio-kanpainak ere, biktima horiek hondamenean utziz edo kasu batzuetan ondorio pertsonal garrantzitsuak eraginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22910,2017-07,"With this report we will perform the energy rating of a home and study its corresponding improvements. For this, once acquired the necessary information we will use the program CE3X to achieve the energy rating. Established the starting point is going to present improvements that increase the energy rating in different measure. Finally, the technical reports and budgets will be added certifying that the proposed improvements are viable.","Txosten honen bidez etxebizitza baten kalifikazio energetikoa eta hobekuntzak aztertuko dira. Horretarako, behin aztertuko den etxebizitzaren informazio aipagarria izanda CE3X programa erabiliko da kalifikazio energetikoa lortzeko. Abiapuntua finkatuta hobekuntza proposamenak aurkeztuko dira etxebizitzaren kalifikazio igoz. Amaitzeko, txosten teknikoak eta aurrekontuak erantsiko dira proposatutako hobekuntzak egokiak direla baieztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19542,2016-11-16,"The aim of this project is to develop the modal analysis of an aluminum support located in the engine of a competition car. This analysis will be done when the piece is already designed, in order to get the natural frequencies and modal shapes of the analyzed object. To perform it there will be taken two ways: using FEM (finite element method) and EMA (experimental modal analysis). The former will be done by using ANSYS software and the latter by doing different types of vibration tests using an accelerometer and an exciter hammer, and then analyzing this measures with Pulse Reflex software. Finally, the results obtained by the experimental and theoretical methods will be compared, analyzing the origin of possible differences, so as to get a single solution which determines the dynamic behavior of the object. In this case, this analysis will be done in a piece of a car, but it is essential to develop it both in dynamic machines, such as airplanes, or in static structures, to prevent unwanted vibrations or unexpected failures.","Proiektu honen helburua, lehiaketarako auto baten motorean kokatutako aluminiozko euskarri baten analisi modala burutzea izango da. Analisi hau, behin pieza diseinaturik dagoela egingo da, bere bibrazio moduak eta haiei dagozkien frekuentzia naturalak lortzeko asmoz. Hau gauzatzeko bi bide ezberdin hartuko dira: elementu finituen metodoa erabiliz eta analisi modal esperimentala eginez. Lehenengoa, ANSYS softwarea erabiliz burutuko da eta bigarrena, azelerometro eta mailu kitzikatzaile baten laguntzaz neurketa ezberdinak eginez eta ondoren datu hauek Pulse Reflex softwarearekin aztertuz. Azkenik, bai elementu finituen metodotik zein esperimentaletik lortutako emaitzak alderatuko dira, gerta daitezkeen desberdintasunak aztertuz, piezaren portaera dinamikoa deskribatzen duen emaitza bakarra zehazteko helburuarekin. Kasu honetan, analisia auto baten pieza batean burutu da baina oso garrantzitsua izan daiteke makina mugikorretan, adibidez hegazkinak, zein egitura estatikoetan, bibrazio ez desiragarriak eta aurreikusi gabeko hutsegiteak saihesteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69476,2024-07,"This paper is focused on examining the specific challenges faced by dyslexic students in foreign language (FL) classrooms and evaluates the effectiveness of various instructional strategies designed to support these learners. Through a literature review and analysis, key issues such as phonological processing difficulties, reading comprehension struggles, and writing challenges are identified. The role of teachers is highlighted as critical in mitigating these difficulties through the implementation of multisensory teaching methods, explicit phonics instruction, and tailored classroom adaptations. The study emphasises the importance of teacher training and positive attitudes towards dyslexic students, advocating for professional development programs that equip educators with the necessary skills and knowledge. The findings suggest that fostering collaborative efforts among teachers, specialists, and families is essential for creating an inclusive educational environment.","Lan honek atzerriko hizkuntzako (FL) ikasgeletan dislexiadun ikasleek izaten dituzten erronka zehatzak aztertzea du ardatz, eta ikasle hauei laguntzeko diseinatutako hainbat irakaskuntza-estrategien eraginkortasuna ebaluatzen du. Literaturaren berrikuspen eta analisi sakon baten bidez, funtsezko gaiak identifikatzen dira, hala nola, prozesamendu fonologikoaren zailtasunak, irakurketa ulermenean arazoak eta idazketa erronkak. Irakasleen eginkizuna funtsezkotzat jotzen da zailtasun horiek arintzeko, irakaskuntza multisentsorialaren, fonetika argiaren irakaskuntzaren eta ikasgeletako egokitzapenen bidez. Ikerketak irakasleen prestakuntzaren eta dislexiadun ikasleekiko jarrera positiboen garrantzia azpimarratzen du, hezitzaileak beharrezko trebetasun eta ezagutzaz hornitzen dituzten prestakuntza-programen alde eginez. Emaitzek irakasleen, espezialisten eta familien arteko lankidetza-ahaleginak sustatzea ezinbestekoa dela iradokitzen dute, hezkuntza-ingurune inklusiboa sortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26321,1988,Evolution of the criminal policy as for juvenile delinquency in the countries members of the Council of Europe. General lines of the undertaken reforms.,Europako Kontseiluko herri partaideek gazte-delitugiletzaz daukaten kriminezko politikaren eboluzioa. Hasitako erreformari buruzko iritzi nagusiak. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37064,2019-12-19,"Ingelesez: Long Range (LoRa) is a new technology developed for Internet of Things (IoT) networks, which are expected to grow in the near future. However, as it is a recent technology, there is a lack of studies that analyze the efficiency of the links and the levels of the electromagnetic (EM) exposition, in different cases and configurations. The aim of this project is to research and develop a method whether the EM exposition exceed the allowed limits in different configurations and how it could be reduced. So, this final degree project presents the way in which the project has been carried out, in order to achieve the defined purposes. In this way, a previous study of different configurations on LoRa technology has been done for uplink communications of an RN2483 module to a Gateway (Microchip), which gives modules connection to the network. These configurations have been used for doing measurements on far field and simulations, with which the European electromagnetic exposure limits has been checked.","Euskaraz: Long Range (LoRa), etorkizunean handitzea espero diren “Internet of Things” (IoT) sareetarako diseinatu den teknolgia berri bat da. Hala ere, berria izateagatik, konfigurazio desberdinetan horien efizientzia eta sortzen dituzten esposizio mailen inguruko ikerketen hutsa dago. Proiektu honen xedea, konfigurazio desberdinetan eremu elektromagnetikoaren (EEM) esposizio mailak gainditzen diren aztertzeko metodologia bat ikertzea eta garatzea da. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) hau, definituriko helburuak betetzeko asmoarekin, proiektua nola burutu den deskribatzen du. Hala, Microchip-en LoRa-ren RN3483 moduluak goranzko (uplink) komunikazioetan ematen dituen konfigurazio posibleen azterketa bat egin da. Konfigurazio batzuk zehaztu eta konfigurazio hauentzat neurketak egin dira urruneko eremuan baita simulazioak ere. Emaitzekin Europako araudiak ematen dituen mugekin konparatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50981,2021-04-15,"In this Final Degree Project, the participation of the families of La Salle Isasi school in Eibar during the 2019-2020 school year has been analysed. For this analysis; first of all, some theoretical aspects about the family have been explained through a bibliographic search; family concept, types of family, the current situation of the families ... In this way, before entering the practical aspect, I have been able to know the status of the families and the changes they have experienced to date. Subsequently, a survey was sent to the families of the students of these schools to evaluate their participation and their opinions about the school. In addition, the students´ tutors also conducted a survey to evaluate family participation. In this study, some data were extracted that were provided to us by families and tutors, which are reflected in graphs. These data have led to a series of conclusions and proposals to improve them.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan 2019-2020 ikasturtean Eibarko La Salle Isasi ikastetxean, familien parte hartzea zelakoa den aztertu da. Horretarako; hasieran, familiei buruzko zenbait alderdi teoriko; familia kontzeptua, familia motak, familien gaur egungo egoera … azaldu dira bilaketa bibliografiko baten bidez. Horrela, alderdi praktikoan barneratu aurretik, familien egoera eta gaur egun arte jasandako aldaketak ezagutzeko aukera eduki dut. Ondoren, ikastetxeko ikasleen familiei inkesta bat pasatu zaie haien parte hartzea zelakoa den baloratu ahal izateko eta ikastetxeari buruz duten ikuspegia zein den ezagutzeko. Horrez gain, ikasleen tutoreei ere beste inkesta bat pasatu zaie familien parte hartzea balora dezaten. Azterketa horretan, zenbait datu atera dira familiek zein tutoreek eskainitakoak eta grafikoen bidez islatuak izan direnak. Datu horiei esker, zenbait ondorio atera dira eta horiek hobetzeko proposamenak sortu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54031,2021-11-23,"Hydrogels have gained great importance in recent years due to the numerous applications that have been discovered and the progress of research. Many of them are made from natural compounds, which is essential to achieve a substantial reduction in contamination and the possibility of safely integrating them into humans. In addition, many of them are highly beneficial for tissue engineering, drug delivery and disease treatment, applications that were previously more complex due to the methods used in their treatment. In this report, the most important natural polysaccharides used in the manufacture of hydrogels such as cellulose and chitosan and their salient characteristics are presented. The aim is to show and analyze the different applications of these polysaccharides within the biomedical sector, the advances and studies obtained in recent years and the future they may have in this sector as well as in many other related sectors.","Hidrogelek garrantzi handia lortu dute azken urteotan, aurkitutako aplikazio ugariren eta ikerketaren aurrerapenaren ondorioz. Horietako asko konposatu naturalez osatuta daude, eta hori funtsezkoa da kutsadura nabarmen murrizteko eta gizakiengan inolako arriskurik gabe integratzeko. Gainera, horietako asko oso onuragarriak dira ehunen ingeniaritzarako, farmakoen hornidurarako eta gaixotasunen tratamendurako; izan ere, lehen, aplikazio horiek konplexuagoak ziren, tratamenduan erabilitako metodoengatik. Txosten honetan jasotzen dira hidrogelen fabrikazioan erabiltzen diren polisakarido natural garrantzitsuenak, hala nola zelulosa eta quitosanoa, eta horien ezaugarri nabarmenenak. Helburua da sektore biomedikoan polisakarido horiek dituzten aplikazioak erakustea eta aztertzea, bai eta azken urteetan lortutako aurrerapenak eta azterlanak eta sektore horretan nahiz lotutako beste askotan izan dezaketen etorkizuna ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30308,2018-12-12,"The main objective of this project is the design, structural calculation and construction definition of a new industrial building destined to logistical use of storage and distribution of messaging in the industrial estate of Boroa, located in the municipality of Amorebieta-Etxano.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, mezularitzaren lanaketarako eta biltegiratzerako eraikuntza industrial berri bat diseinatzea, kalkulatzea eta definitzea da. Eraikuntza berri hau Boroa Poligonoan eraikiko da, Amorebieta-Etxanako udalerrian kokatua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31761,2019-02-28,"The welfare of Primary school students depends on school life, so the teacher’s influence on a student is direct. In students’ development, school relationships and interactions will condition the students, and also one of the most important factors in education, motivation. These characteristics must be considered in order to achieve students’ welfare. In this essay, a school’s situation will be investigated, analysing students’ relationships and motivation. For that, it has been taken into account teachers’ and students’participation. Finally, teachers’ effect on this subject will be concluded.","Lehen Hezkuntzako ikaslearen ongizatea eskola-bizipenaren menpe dago eta honetan hezitzaile batek ikaslearengan duen eragina zuzena da. Ikaslearen garapenean, eskolako harremanek eta elkarrekintzek ikaslea baldintzatuko dute, baita hezkuntzan eragin gehien duen faktore nagusienetariko batek ere, motibazioak. Ikaslearen ongizatera heltzeko ezaugarri hauek kontuan hartu beharrekoak dira. Lan honetan eskola bateko egoera bat ikertuko da, ikasleen harremanak eta motibazioa nolakoa diren aztertuz. Horretarako bi parte hartzaile egon dira, irakasleak eta ikasleak. Azkenik, irakasleek honetan nolako eragina duten ondorioztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14764,2010-12,"The adaptation to the official status of languages by the Justice Administration demands important structural and organizational measures. Up to now that sort of measures have not been considered satisfactorily to the detriment of language rights. This work analyze the challenges of the Justice face to the double officiality of languages. In that way we will consider the language planning scheme that has been designed by the BAC and the recent case-law on it.","Hizkuntzen ofizialtasun bikoitzaren estatusak Justizia Administrazioan eragin juridikoak sortarazten ditu, baina orain artekoan egokitzapen horri heltzeko antolaketa neurri eraginkorrik ez da abian jarri. Lan honek hizkuntza arloan Justizia Administrazioak dituen erronkak aztertzen ditu; bide horretan, EAEn diseinatutako hizkuntza plangintza aztertzen da jurisprudentziarik berriena kontutan izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60219,2023-03-03,"When analysing individual pupils, we can observe that they are all different, i.e. each one has their own situations, motivations, rhythms, objectives, abilities and facts. Although they are difficult to notice, within this group we can find children who have suffered early adversities, which are known as Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE). Bearing this in mind, the main objective of this work is to provide an approach to the early adversity (ACE) that the students have suffered. For this purpose, throughout the following pages, in apart from carrying out a bibliographical analysis of the issues related to the concept of early adversity (ECA), a study and analysis of the school's response to these children will be presented.","Ikasleak banaka aztertuz gero guztiak desberdinak direla beha daiteke, hots, bakoitzak egoera, motibazio, erritmo, helburu, gaitasun eta gertaera desberdinak dituela. Ikusten nekezak badira ere, talde horren baitan adbertsitate goiztiarrak pairatutako haurrak aurki ditzakegu, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) moduan ezagutzen dena. Honakoa kontuan hartuz, plazaratutako lan honen helburu nagusia ikasleek jasan duten adbertsitate goiztiarrera (ACE) hurbilpena egitea da. Horretarako hurrengo orrialdetan zehar adbertsitate goiztiar (ACE) kontzeptuarekin harremana duten gaien azterketa bibliografikoa egiteaz gain, eskolak haur hauei ematen dien erantzunaren lagin txiki bat ikertu eta aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29493,2018-10-31,"Nowadays more and more people use the public transport every day. This especially happens in big cities, such as Madrid, where millions of people use the underground or commuter trains to get to work, school or university. It is necessary to provide all these users with mobile coverage, so much for voice communications as of data. These suburban means of transport have special characteristics that impede the distribution of the signals along the tunnel. The main aim of this project is to propose a design methodology for mobile networks in this kind of environments. This methodology is a process which describes the necessary phases to obtain a reliable design and its further optimization. And, of course, the mentioned process will be adaptable to any suburban project of similar characteristics. In order to achieve this goal, a series of stages have been carried out. These stages compose the secondary aims of the project. The project begins with a theoretical study of the most important concepts to be developed later. After this, the main alternatives for suburban designs have been defined and the most suitable has been chosen. Once the solution has been selected, a simulation of a complete design takes place. This simulation includes obtaining a propagation model, calculations and drawings. Finally, a process of abstraction has been accomplished to propose the methodology. All the design phases are described in the methodology step by step.","Garraio publikoa erabiltzen duten pertsonen kopurua egunero gora doa. Milioika pertsona metroa baita aldiriak erabiltzen dituztelako, Madril bezalako hiri handietan gertatzen den moduan. Erabiltzaile guztiei ahots eta datu estalduraz hornitzea beharrezkoa da. Honelako garraio sistema bere gehiengoan tunelen zehar doa. Horregatik seinaleen banaketa ezaugarri bereziak dauzka. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia metodologia ingurune-mota honetako sare mugikorreko diseinua proposatzea da. Metodologia honek, beharrezko faseak deskribatzen ditu diseinu fidagarri baten lorpenerako eta ondorengo optimizazio prozesua proposatzen du. Prozesu hau antzeko ezaugarriak dituzten hiriei moldatu ahal izango da. Helburu hau lortzea proiektuaren bigarren mailako helburua da. Kontzeptu garrantzitsuenei buruzko ikerketa teorikoak garatzeko lana hasi da jada. Hemendik aurrera alternatiba nagusiak hiri inguruaren diseinuetarako definitu dira, haietatik egokiena aukeratuz. Behin soluzioa aukeraturik, hartan oinarritutako diseinu beteko itxurari ekin zaio. Simulazioak, hedapen-modelo baten, kalkuluen eta planoen lorpena barnetzen ditu. Azkenik, aurreko guztiaren abstrakzioa eginez, metodologia proposatu da diseinu-fase guztiak deskribatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20036,2016-12-29,"The aim of this work is to analyse primary education mathematics textbooks, taking into account a gender perspective. It analyses the gender differences that might be in the pictures of the instructional material which has been analysed; using for this different publishing house and course textbooks. Through this analyse we want to know the possible influence that could generate this difference in students of both genders, taking into account the way to coeducation that today we want to follow.","Aurkezten den lan honen helburua Lehen Hezkuntzako matematika testu-liburuen analisia da, generoaren ikuspegitik eginda. Aztertutako material didaktikoaren irudietan egon daitezkeen bi generoen arteko desberdintasunak aztertzen ditu; horretarako bi editorial ezberdinetako testu-liburuak erabiliz, bakoitza ziklo batekoa izanda. Honen helburua desberdintasun horrek genero bakoitzeko ikasleengan izan dezakeen eragina ezagutzea da, gaur egun hezkuntza bateraturako bidean aurkitzen garela aintzat harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58532,2022-06-30,"Through this investigation we will begin to specify what the term euthanasia refers to and its differentiation from other medical concepts. We will continue to provide the basis for the debate raised by the highly controversial practice of aid in dying, exposing in the same way the arguments used against its regulation. To finish the study, we will analyze its legal panorama, focusing first on the new euthanasia law in Spain, approved in the past 2021 and concluding with the international legislative framework, making a differentiation between the different regulations, raising certain practical assumptions in the same way","Ikerketa honen bitartez eutanasia terminoak zeri egiten dion erreferentzia argituko dugu eta beste mediku kontzeptuetatik bereizten hasiko gara aldi berean. Laguntzen hiltzeko praktika gatazkatsuak eragiten duen eztabaidaren oinarriak ezartzen jarraituko dugu, era berean, haren erregulazioaren aurka erabiltzen diren argudioak azaleratuz. Azterlana amaitzeko, bere panorama juridikoa aztertuko dugu, lehenik eta behin Espainian 2021ean onartutako eutanasiaren lege berriari erreparatuz eta nazioarteko legegintza-esparruarekin amaituz, araudi ezberdinen arteko bereizketa eginez, era berean zenbait hipotesi praktiko planteatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27327,1997,"In spite of obtain advances in subject of international Human Rights, their warranty’s and developpement’s mechanism are actually matter of preoccupation. Besides, it seems that racionalism’s problem is not so much a problem of race’s difference as a problem of economical and social difference. Facing to racism’s manifestations, it’s usual to resort to penal sanctions, even when it’s known that penal’s way is not the only way to stop these problems.","Nazioarte mailan Giza Eskubideen alorrean lortu diren aurrerapenak ahaztu gabe, eskubide horiek bermatzeko eta aurrera eramateko moduek arduratzen gaituzte. Horrekin batera, badirudi arrazakeriaren arazoa ez dela arraza desberdinen arteko arazoa, gizarte eta ekonomia maila desberdinen arteko arazoa baizik. Adierazpen arrazisten aurrean zigor penala erabiltzen da, arazo hau ez dela soilik bide penaletik konponduko jakin arren" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17684,2016-03-16,"The objective of this research has been to analyze the conflicts and the different types of intervention happened in a two-year-old classroom. To do this, the task of this research has been divided into two stages: the explorer stage and the scientific stage, precisely. In the first one, while making a deep theoretical reflection on the topic, there has been specified the observation areas of research, i.e. what, when, where and how will be observed. So it has been decided to observe the most difficult moments in the morning; collective sessions, the corners, and tidying-up time. Then, in the scientific stage, all the data observed in these three areas have been collected and created some tables and graphs. According to the results obtained, it is evident that the use of violence at school is quite common: authoritarianism, imposition of discipline and use of violent power. Therefore, a reflection has been made based on empirical work and the successful educational model for early schooling by Pikler-Lóczy, in order to offer the most appropriate and quality resources and types of intervention to use in conflict situations.","Ikerketa lan honen helburua urte biko gela batean ematen diren egoera gatazkatsuak eta horietan burutzen diren esku-hartze mota desberdinak aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, bi alditan banandu da ikerketa honen zeregina: fase esploratzailean eta fase zientifikoan, hain zuzen. Lehenengoan, gaiari buruzko hausnarketa teoriko sakon bat gauzatzearekin batera, ikerketaren behaketa esparruak zehaztu dira, hala nola, zer, noiz, non eta nola behatuko den. Orduan, goizeko une gatazkatsuenak behatzea erabaki da; saio kolektiboa, txokoak eta batzeko unea, hain zuzen. Ondoren, fase zientifikoan, hiru esparru horietan behatutako datu guztiak bildu eta hainbat taula eta grafiko eratu dira. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, argi gelditu delarik eskolan biolentzia erabiltzea nahiko ohikoa dela; autoritarismoa, diziplina inposaketa eta boterearen erabilera bortitza. Hori dela eta, batetik garatutako lan enpirikoan eta bestetik Pikler-Lóczy eskolatze goiztiarraren hezkuntza-eredu arrakastatsuan oinarritutako hausnarketa egin da, gatazka egoeretan erabili daitezkeen baliabide nahiz esku-hartze mota kalitatezko eta egokiagoak eskaintzeko asmotan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14397,2015-02-12,"In the present project a demonstrator of meteorological parameters is going to be developed for its use in activities of technology outreach. To do so, a research of the best alternatives for the development of two independent platforms wirelessly connected is going to be made. Once the best alternative is chosen, the design and implementation of the platforms of sensing and meteorological monitoring will start. After, both platforms will be integrated finishing in that way the meteorological monitoring system, and finally it will be adapted for its informative us in the “Days of Submission of Engineering”","Proiektu honetan teknologiaren zabaltze jardueretan erabiltzeko parametro meteorologikoak erakusten dituen tresna baten garapena burutuko da. Horretarako, haririk gabe komunikatzen diren bi plataforma independenteren garapenerako aukerarik hobeen analisia egingo da. Behin aukerarik egokiena zein den erabaki dela, monitorizazio meteorologiko eta sentsorizazio plataformen diseinu eta inplementazioa gauzatuko da. Ondoren, bi plataformak integratuko dira, horrela monitorizazio meteorologikoaren sistema osotuz, azkenik ""Ingeniaritzen Aurkezpen Jardueretan"" zabaldu ahal izateko egokituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22921,2017-07,"This project deals with the effect of the climatic change on heat-waves and ozone episodes in the Basque Country during the period 2000-2016. The main aims of this of this project are, on the one hand, to know if the climatic change had a significant impact on the frequency and duration of these two phenomena and on the other hand, to set a relationship between the raise of the temperature and the ozone episodes. For that, data were collected from the free databases of the Basque Government. Then, the stations which have a higher amount of valid data were selected and ozone episodes and episodes of extreme heat (heat waves) were calculated with the previously established criteria. Once the calculations have been made, the results have been interpreted through the graphics in which the ozone episodes’ and heat waves’ trend was represented. Results obtained do not show an obvious heat wave and ozone trend. In addition, they do not demonstrate a clear relationship between them. One reason could be that the period studied was too short. However, this study is a step towards better understanding of the behavior of the ozone during a problem like the climatic change which is a reality nowadays in the Basque Country as well as at a global scale. It also allows predicting the possible future ozone trends.","Proiektu honetan klima aldaketak Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan (EAE) gertatzen diren bero-bolada eta ozono-gertaeretan izan duen eragina aztertu da 2000-2016 urteak bitartean. Azterketa honen helburu nagusiak, batetik, klima aldaketak bi gertaera horien maiztasun eta iraupenean inpaktu esanguratsu bat izan duten ala ez jakitea da eta, bestetik, tenperaturaren gorakadaren eta eman diren ozono-gertaeren arteko balizko erlazioa finkatzea da. Horretarako, airearen kalitatezko datuak bildu dira Eusko Jaurlaritzako datu base askeetatik . Ondoren, kalitatezko datu gehien dituzten behatokiak aukeratu eta ozono-gertaerak eta bero-boladak kalkulatu dira aurretiaz ezarritako irizpideen bitartez. Behin kalkuluak burututa emaitzen interpretazioa egin da ozono-gertaeren eta bero-boladen joera biltzen dituzten grafikoak aztertuz. Lortutako emaitzak ez dituzte ozono-gertaeren eta bero-boladen joera argirik erakutsi ezta haien arteko erlazio argirik ere. Arrazoi bat erabili den urte seriea nahiko laburra izan dela izan daiteke. Hala ere, egindako azterketak, egun errealitate bat den klima aldaketaren aurrean Kantauri isurialdean eta oro har ozonoak duen portaera hobeto ulertzeko bide bat eta etorkizuneko joera aurreikusteko aukera ematen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37052,2019-12-19,"Abstract It hasbeen analysed different types of alternatives that could be introducedin a small village with 1,200 e.i. and 451.44 m3/day of wastewater.It has been decided the system which best fits is the artificial wetlandwith floating macrophytes.Wetland will occupy around 3,700 m2, by this, the removal of pollutant elements will be enough to achieve with legal limits for the discharge water.The purification of the wastewater is made by a pretreatment with a static desander and a rough dresses of thickness and fines, a primary treatment formed by anImhoff tank and the wastewater wetland compose the secondary treatment.","Laburpena Uraren tratamendu alternatiba ezberdinakaztertu dira1.200 b.b. eta 451,44 m3/eguneko hiri batean aplikatzeko. Horretarako hoberen egokitzen den sistema flotazioan dauden makrofitak osatzen duten iragazkia hezegune artifizialak dira.Hezeguneak 3.700 m2inguru hartuko ditu dira eta kutsatzaileen ezabapenaklortuko du ur isuriaren legeakbetetzen. Uraren arazketa aurreko tratamendu baten bidez egingo dahareakkentzeko ekipo estatiko batekineta arbastu lodia eta fina egingoda,hori ondoenlehen mailako tratamendua Imhoff tanga batean burutuko da eta azkenik, bigarren mailako tratamendua hezegune artifizialean egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19838,2016-12-12,"The main objetive of this project is the creation of a new workspace where engenieering students will be able to learn about sensors. This workspace will be equiped with sensors of different advanced technologies, such as ultrasound and laser sensors. To make this project, it will be necessary to configure each one of the devices that are part of the workspace and plan an advance sensoring seminar. The knowledge that students will acquire in this seminar is the perfect complement to their theory classes.","GAL honetan prozesu jarraitua irakaskuntza postu birkonfiguragarri bat prestatuko da. Postu honetan teknologia aurreratu ezberdineko sentsoreak jarriko dira. Proiektu honetan, postuaren elementu guztien programazioa eta konfigurazioa egin beharko da. Gainera, “Sentsorizazio aurreratua” izeneko mintegi baten plangintza egingo da. Proiektu honi esker, urtero ingeniaritzako ikasleek beren ikasketak osatzeko prestakuntza berezia jaso ahal izango dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17663,2016-03-16,"ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) addiction is a very discussed topic today which mainly concerns parents and educators. As the mobile phone is within these technologies, apart from knowing the use made of this, the main objective of this study is to find a possible correlation between mobile phone use and academic achievement. To this end, a sample of 39 students from 5th and 6th year of Primary Education that belong to the Basque Autonomous Community has been used. The results show the existence of such correlation, so with the aim of emphasizing prevention, certain keys are provided to prevent the development of an addictive behaviour.","IKTekiko (Informazio eta Komunikazio Teknologiak) menpekotasuna, oso gai eztabaidatua da gaur egun, batik bat, guraso eta hezitzaileak kezkatzen dituena. Mugikorra aipaturiko teknologia horien barne dagoenez, horretaz egiten den erabilera ezagutzeaz gain, ikerketa honen helburu nagusia mugikorraren erabileraren eta errendimendu akademikoaren arteko korrelazio posible bat aurkitzea da. Horretarako, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoari dagozkion Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailetako 39 ikasleko lagina erabili da. Emaitzek, aipaturiko korrelazioa erakusten dute. Beraz, prebentzioaren garrantzia azpimarratzeko asmoz, menpekotasun jokaeraren garapena ekiditeko zenbait gako ematen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14083,2015-01-19,"Abstract: This study aims to have knowledge of the view that a group of teenagers from Santurtzi have on sexism. Adolescence is chosen in this study due to being essential in the human growth. This work comes from a qualitative research carry out with seventeen teenagers through discussion groups talking about sexism, patriarchy and personal construction alternatives such as feminism movement and movement of new masculinities. We have been able to confirm the lack of awareness that it is still remains in gender equality matter as well as the need of socio-educative interventions which can be deducted from this. This study brings this practice to bear as a way of struggle against patriarchy and women discrimination, from the perspective that ambivalent sexism provides.","Laburpena: Ikerketa hau Santurtziko nerabeek sexismoari buruz duten ikuspuntua ezagutzen saiatu da, nerabezaroa bizi garapenean bere oinarrizko izaera kontuan hartuz aukeratuta. Azterketa kualitatibo batez abiatzen gara 17 nerabeekin egindako eztabaida taldeetan sexismoa, patriarkatu eta norbere garapenean oinarrituta, mugimendu feminista eta berria den maskulinotasun mugimendua adibide direla. Gaur egun berdintasunean dagoen ezjakintasuna eta giza heziketan egin behar diren eskuhartzeak berretsi dira, patriarkatu eta emakumearen aurkako bereizketan lan egiteko, sexismo anbibalenteak ematen digun perspektibatik" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29194,2018-10-22,"Satellite transmissions are currently one of the main sources of reception of digital television in Europe. The defined standards need a constant evolution to take into consideration new techniques that improve the efficiency and quality of reception. On this matter, the process of coding and decoding signals represents the most important stage of a communications system as it is necessary to protect and correct errors produced by interferences. The ultimate goal of this project is to analyze and propose a new solution that improves the LDPC (Low-Parity-Check-Codes) coding block in satellite communications systems taking the standard DVB-S2 (Digital Video Broadcasting by Satellite – Second Generation) and the improvements introduced by 5G (Fifth Generation) as a reference. To do this, a program is developed in MATLAB to simulate the new solution. Furthermore, a complete analysis of the results is done in order to evaluate its efficiency.","Satelite bidezko transmisioak Europan telebista digitalaren iturri nagusienetarako bat dira gaur egun. Definitutako estandarrek etengabeko eboluzioa beharrezkoa dute bai efizientzia eta bai seinalearen hartze‑kalitatea hobetuko dituzten teknikak ezartzeko helburuarekin. Ildo horretan, seinaleen kodetze- eta deskodetze‑prozesua komunikazioaren urratsik garrantzitsuena da, zarata erradioelektrikoak sortutako erroreez babesteko beharra dela eta. Proiektu honen helburua alternatibak bilatzea eta satelite bidezko komunikazio sistemetan LDPC (Low-Parity-Check-Codes) kodifikazio-blokea hobetuko duen soluzio bat proposatzea da, 5G (Fifth Generation)-k ekarritako hobekuntzak kontuan hartuz eta DVB-S2 (Digital Video Broadcasting by Satellite – Second Generation) sistema hartuz lan-erreferentzia gisa. Horretarako, proposatutako soluzio berria simulatzeko programa bat garatuko da MATLAB bidez; eta lortutako emaitzak aztertuko dira honen egokitasuna ebaluatzeko helburuaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63715,2023-06-09,"The following work aims to address the study of the “stolen children” in the Spanish state during the Franco regime and democracy from the perspective of international law. In particular, its main objective is to analyse whether the Spanish State is actually complying with the obligations deriving from international law and the pronouncements made by international organizations for the control and protection of human rights treaties as regards the right to truth, justice and reparation of victims.","Hurrengo lanaren helburua Espainiako Estatuan frankismoan eta demokrazian lapurtutako haurren trama aztertzea da, nazioarteko zuzenbidearen ikuspegitik. Zehazki, Espainiako Estatuak, nazioarteko zuzenbidetik eratorritako betebeharrak eta giza eskubideei buruzko itunak kontrolatzeko eta babesteko nazioarteko erakundeek, egia, justizia eta biktimen erreparaziorako eskubideari dagokionez egindako adierazpenak benetan betetzen ari den aztertzea da haren helburu nagusia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47703,2020-11-04,"In this work made study about equipment can be found onboard merchant ships related with cyber security. A series of equipment and systems will be chosen that their operation, design or possibility of suffering an attack are interesting. The consequences will occur when received attack in the equipment will also be given in consideration. This work has been divided into two main phases: In the first phase, the technical presentation of each equipment is made. Explaining both the parts that make up each piece of equipment and his operation and purpose on board. The second part is for identify in each equipment the possible weak points of both the physical system and the computer software that controls it. Throughout the work, information from the different branches of engineering has been used, from shipbuilding through computer systems engineering to electrical engineering.","Lan horretan, merkataritza-ontzietan aurkitutako ekipoekin lotutako zibersegurtasun-azterketa egingo da. Ekipo eta sistema sorta bat aukeratuko da, haien funtzionamendua, diseinua edo eraso bat jasateko aukera interesgarria dela. Taldeetan erasoa jasotzerakoan sortzen diren ondorioak ere emango dira. Lan hau bi fase nagusitan banatu da: Lehen fasean, talde bakoitzaren aurkezpen teknikoa egiten da. Bai ekipo bakoitza osatzen duten zatiak, bai funtzionamendua eta xedea taula gainean azalduz. Bigarren zatia ordenagailu bakoitzean sistema fisikoaren zein kontrolatzen duen softwarearen puntu ahulak identifikatzea da. Lan guztian zehar ingeniaritzaren adar desberdinetako informazioa erabili da, ontzigintzatik hasi eta sistema informatikoen ingeniaritzatik ingeniaritza elektrikoaraino." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60242,2023-03-03,"The main objective of this work has been to analyze the treatment of emotions in current schools throughout the Early Childhood Education stage. With this main objective and based on the data collected, other aspects have been analyzed, such as the resources available to each school, the teaching style of the teachers, the intervention, teacher training and collaboration between school and family. 33 teachers participated in the study, who in addition to belonging to different sexes, ages and classes, work in different teaching experiences and educational cycles. All the participating schools were in Alava. The data have been collected indicate that: among teachers (1) men have a lower knowledge of emotional competences compared to women; (2) although emotional education is gaining importance at school, the projects do not deal correctly with emotions; and (3) teachers with more experience have received complementary training compared to teachers with less experience, who have received basic university training. The data obtained have been evaluated in this Final Degree Project.","Lan honen helburu nagusia, egungo eskoletan Haur Hezkuntzako etapan zehar, egiten den emozioen lanketa aztertzea izan da. Helburu nagusia hori izanik eta jasotako datuak abiapuntu hartuta, emaitzak aztertzeko beste hainbat alderdiri ere erreparatu zaie; hala nola, eskola bakoitzak dituen baliabideei, irakasleen irakaskuntza estiloari, esku-hartzeari, irakasleen formakuntzari eta eskola zein familiaren arteko elkarlanari. Ikerketan, 33 irakaslek parte hartu dute, sexu, adin eta eskola mota desberdinetakoak izateaz gain, irakaskuntza esperientzia eta hezkuntza ziklo desberdinetan ere lan egiten dute. Parte-hartu duten eskola guztiak Arabakoak izan dira. Jasotako datuek hurrengoa aditzera eman dute: irakasleriaren artean, (1) gizonezkoek emakumeekin alderatuta konpetentzia emozionalen ezagutza murritzagoak dituzte; (2) nahiz eta hezkuntza emozionalak garrantzia hartzen duen eskoletan, proiektuek ez dituzte emozioekiko lanketa zuzena egiten; eta (3) eskarmentu handikoek formakuntza osagarria jaso dute eskarmentu gutxikoekin alderatuta, hauek oinarrizko unibertsitate formakuntza jaso baitute. Jasotako datu horiek Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan baloratuak izan dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37114,2019-12-19,"The development of new materials in the industryand their application in the building sector has led to the appearance of new facades, as the metallic ones. These lightsolutions, with different finishing options, are new building solutions which pathologies are unknown compared to the lesions that take place on heavy buildings. The aim of this report is to analyze the different pathologies that can arise in this kind of buildings, which are dependent on the atmospheric conditions or the metal used. Afterwards, the different repair solutions for each kind of lesion are explained. Likewise,the characteristics that the metallic buildings have to fulfil and the normative, either compulsory and additional ones, are exposed.","Material berrien garapenarekin batera industrian eta euren erabilera eraikuntzan, fatxada mota berriak agertzen dira, metalikoak, arinagoak eta patologia ezezaguneko diseinu ezaugarri askotarikoak. Lan honen helburua aipatutako lesioen inbestigazioa da, baldintza atmosferikoen, erabilitako metal motaren eta fatxadaren esposizioaren menpekoak direnak. Gainera, konpontzen prozesu ezberdinak azalduko dira lesio mota horietako bakoitza saihestu eta konpontzeko, lesio mota bakoitzaren ezaugarrien arabera. Azkenik, fatxada arinek bete beharreko baldintzak eta eraikuntza haun derrigorrezko betetze arauak eta bere borondatezko akreditazioak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25899,2018-03-22,"A big linguistic and cultural plurality has been created in the educational system of the BAC, among others, due to the growth of quantity of the foreigner students. The aim of this work is to know how the teaching of the languages to immigrants’ students is done and analyse what processing is given to the immigrants’ original languages. To this end, we have summarized the ideas of experts in the area and, according to that, we have created a check list to measure the situation of cultural plurality of the schools. Then, using the check list, we have examined the situation of a specific public school. Finally, having examined the results obtained, we have concluded that the procedures used in that school are not completely appropriate for answering to the local language and cultural plurality, and we suggest guiding innovative methodologies, projects and organizations.","EAEko hezkuntza-sisteman hizkuntza- eta kultura-aniztasun handia sortu da, besteak beste, ikasle etorkinen kopurua handitu dela eta. Lan honen helburua da haur etorkinekin hizkuntzen irakaskuntza gurean nola gauzatzen den ezagutzea eta etorkinen jatorrizko hizkuntzei zer-nolako trataera ematen zaien aztertzea. Horretarako, arloko adituen ideiak laburbildu ditugu lehenik, eta horren arabera, eskolen kultura-aniztasuna neurtzeko kontrol-zerrenda bat sortu dugu. Ondoren, kontrol-zerrenda baliatuta, eskola publiko zehatz batean aplikatu dugu. Azkenik, emaitzak ikuskatuta, ondorioztatu dugu eskola horretan erabiltzen diren prozedurak ez direla guztiz egokiak tokiko hizkuntza- eta kultura-aniztasunari erantzuteko, eta metodologia, proiektu eta antolakuntza berritzaileak bideratzea proposatu dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53943,2021-11-22,"ABSTRACT: This project aims to design and deploy an edge computing architecture for the 4.0 industry based on Kubernetes (K8s), currently the most adopted container orchestration system in all technology companies. In order to attain that, the project will first present a study on the needs of the edge computing environment, as well as the needs of the 4.0 industry. Once those needs are defined, an analysis of the different K8s distributions that best fit those needs will be done, as well as a methodology design and implementation to evaluate the use of resources and performance of each one of them. Based on that analysis, the most suitable alternative will be selected for the final deployment. The proposed solution will bring new management services to companies that are evolving towards the emerging 4.0 industry. These new services will help them make quicker decisions about the management of the devices and equipment distributed in the manufacturing plants. This will be validated through the deployment of a Proof of Concept (PoC), based on digital twins and sensor readings.","LABURPENA: Proiektu honek 4.0 industriarako edge computing arkitektura bat diseinatzea eta zabaltzea du helburu, Kubernetes-en (K8s) oinarriturikoa, enpresa teknologikoek gehien erabiltzen duten kontainer orkestrazio-sistema baita. Horretarako, edge computing inguruneen beharrak aztertuko dira, baita 4.0 industriarenak ere. Hori egin ondoren, behar horietara hobekien egokitzen diren K8s-en banaketak aztertuko dira. Baliabideen erabilera eta prestazio egokienak ebaluatzeko metodologia bat diseinatu eta garatuko da, proiektu honen arkitekturarako banaketa egokiena aukeratuz. Zabalduko den aplikazioak plantaren kudeaketa-zerbitzu berriak ekarriko dizkie garatzen ari den 4.0 industriarantz eboluzionatzen duten enpresei. Horrela, beren fabrikazio-instalazioetan banatutako gailu eta ekipoen kudeaketari buruzko erabakiak azkarrago hartu ahal izango dituzte. Hau kontzeptu-proba (PoC) baten bidez baliozkotuko da, biki digitaletan eta sentsoreen irakurketan oinarriturikoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34761,2019-07-22,"In response to the interest generated in recent decades by the increase in violence against children and young people, the work of the filmmaker Michael Haneke are examined and based on two of his films, a film analysis that gives a double image from the general to the concrete and from the concrete to the general is carried out. The relationships between juvenile violence and sectors with influence in contemporary society are studied. References of this are the moral imposition of religion, the violence represented in the audiovisual media and the isolation in society together with family education. The conclusions of this textual analysis are based, contrasting the vision of Haneke with the filmic discourse of other contemporary filmmakers and with the various theories proposed by prominent researchers as the cause and effect of that violence.","Azken hamarkadetan haurren eta gazteen indarkeriaren handiagotzeagatik sortutako interesari arreta ipiniz Michael Haneke zinemagilearen lana aztertzen da eta bere filmetako bi oinarri bezala hartuta, orokorretik zehatzera eta zehatzetik konkretura doan irudi bikoitza ematen duen analisi filmikoa egiten da. Gaztetako bortizkeriaren eta gizarte garaikidearen gaineko eraginarekiko estamentuen arteko erlazioak ikasten dira. Honen erreferentziak dira erlijioaren inposatze morala, ikusentzunezko komunikabideetan irudikatutako bortizkeria eta familiaren heziketarekin batera inkomunikazio soziala. Testu-analisi honen ondorioak funtsatzen dira Haneke-ren ikuspegia beste zinemagile garaikide batzuen diskurtso filmikoarekin eta bortizkeria horretako kausa-efektu bezala ikertzaile nabariek proposatutako teoria desberdinekin egiaztatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68444,2024-06-14,"In today’s digitally driven world small and traditional businesses are facing a significant challenge, namely how to stay competitive without incurring significant financial burdens. This project directly addresses this challenge by providing a comprehensive strategic growth plan for long-established businesses that effectively utilizes accessible resources. Through a real-world case study of a small shop in Bilbao with over four decades of experience, the project offers a practical and actionable guide for small businesses to maximize their online presence, enhance customer engagement, and achieve sustainable growth. By implementing a tailored strategic growth plan that leverages accessible resources, businesses can maximize cost-effectiveness while achieving transformative potential. The presented case study serves as a compelling demonstration of how legacy businesses can successfully embrace the digital scene without jeopardizing their financial well-being. The project’s findings and insights hold significant value for long-established small businesses seeking to navigate the digital landscape effectively, positioning themselves for long-term success and maintaining a competitive edge.","Gaur egungo mundu digitalean, enpresa txiki eta tradizionalek erronka esanguratsu bati egin behar diote aurre, hau da nola eutsi lehiakor izateari gehiegizko finantza-zamarik izan gabe. Proiektu honek zuzenean heltzen dio erronka horri, hazkunde integraleko plan estrategiko bat eskaintzen baitu ezarritako enpresentzat, baliabide eskuragarriak eraginkortasunez erabiltzen dituena. Lau hamarkada baino gehiagoko esperientzia duen Bilboko denda txiki baten kasu errealaren azterketa baten bidez, proiektuak gida praktiko eta eragingarria eskaintzen du, enpresa txikiek online presentzia maximizatu, bezeroekiko elkarreragina hobetu eta hazkunde iraunkorra lor dezaten. Baliabide eskuragarriak aprobetxatzen dituen hazkunde egokituko plan estrategiko bat ezartzean, enpresek errentagarritasuna maximiza, eta, aldi berean, ahalmen eraldatzailea lor dezakete. Aurkeztutako kasu-azterketak erakusten du enpresa tradizionalek nola har dezaketen arrakastaz panorama digitala beren finantza-ongizatea arriskuan jarri gabe. Proiektuaren aurkikuntzek eta ondorioek balio esanguratsua dute panorama digitalean modu eraginkorrean nabigatu nahi duten enpresa txikientzat, epe luzerako arrakastarako posizionatuz eta lehiarako abantaila mantenduz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67737,2024-05-08,"The scientific literature on the prevalence and incidence of burnout syndrome in teachers is scarce and contradictory. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the level of burnout in teachers in the Basque Country and to detect the possible impact that certain personal and contextual variables could have on this syndrome. For this purpose, the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Educators Survey (MBI-ES), the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Multidimensional Social Support Scale (MSPSS) were applied to a sample of 247 teachers. The results show the existence of an intermediate-high level of burnout, as well as negative correlations between burnout and self-esteem, self-efficacy beliefs and social support, which are key to improving educational quality and to the subsequent development of prevention and intervention plans.","Irakasleen burnout sindromearen prebalentziari eta intzidentziari buruzko literatura zientifikoa urria eta kontraesankorra da. Beraz, ikerketa honen helburua da EAEko irakasleen burnout maila baloratzea eta aldagai pertsonal eta testuinguru jakin batzuek sindrome horretan izan dezaketen eragina detektatzea. Horretarako, Maslach Burnout Inventory – Educators Survey (MBI-ES), Rosenberg Autoestimu Eskala, Autoeraginkortasunaren Eskala Orokorra eta Multidimensional Social Support Scale (MSPSS) aplikatu zaizkio 247 irakaslez osaturiko lagin bati. Emaitzek egiaztatzen dute burnout maila tartekoa-altua dela. Era berean, burnout-aren eta autoestimuaren, autoeraginkortasun sinesmenen eta laguntza-sozialaren arteko korrelazioak negatiboak dira, azken hauek funtsezkoak izanik hezkuntza-kalitatea hobetzeko eta etorkitzunean prebentzio eta esku-hartze planak garatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13405,2007,"This PhD thesis deals with eight issues in the History of 19th-Century Basque Grammaticography. The work undertaken is within the area of Linguistic Historiography; and more exactly, it deals with the history of grammatical ideas about the Basque language. This dissertation has two main parts: Chapters 1 through 5 examine the work of several 19th- century bascologists (Astarloa, Humboldt, Darrigol,Bonarparte, and van Eys). Chapters 6 through 8 introduce the analyses that some grammatical topics received throughout the Basque grammatical tradition, mainly in the 19th century (the identification of the article, the so- called ""unique verb"" theory, and verb-object agreement).","Doktorego tesi hau XIX. mendeko euskal gramatikagintzaren historiari buruzko zortzi ikerlanez osaturik dago eta Hizkuntzalaritzaren Historiografiaren esparruan kokatzen da, zehazkiago euskararen inguruko gramatika-ideien historian. Ikerketa honek bi atal nagusi ditu: alde batetik, 1-5 kapituluetan XIX. mendeko zenbait euskalariren lanak aztertzen dira (Astarloa, Humboldt, Darrigol, Bonaparte eta van Eys) eta, bestetik, 6-8 kapituluetan gramatika-gai batzuek euskal tradizioan zehar, batik bat XIX. mendean zehar, izan zituzten analisiak aurkezten dira (artikuluaren identifikazioa, “aditz bakarraren” teoria eta objektu-komunztadura)." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30519,2018-12-21,"One of the most significant open problems in theoretical physics is that concerning the quantum behaviour of gravity. In this work, the theory known as Loop Quantum Gravity is introduced in order to provide a quantum description of the gravitational field. Loop Quantum Gravity starts from a hamiltonian formulation of General Relativity based on Ashtekar variables. When quantizing in the loop representation, spin networks arise as a way to work with the constraints of the theory. Loop Quantum Gravity provides a picture of the universe in which area and volume take discrete values at very small scales and succeeds in providing a background to study some phenomena (such as black hole entropy or the origin of the universe) where both, gravity and quantum effects, play an important role.","Fisika teorikoaren arloan kolokan dagoen arazo garrantzitsuenetariko bat eremu grabitatorioaren kuantizazioa da. Lan honetan grabitatearen azalpen kuantiko bat lortzen saiatzen den teoria bat aurkeztuko da: Kiribilen Grabitate Kuantikoa. Ashtekar-en aldagaien bidez lortutako Erlatibitate Orokorraren adierazpen hamiltondarra dauka Kiribilen Grabitate Kuantikoak abiapuntu. Kuantizatzeko orduan, teoriaren loturekin lan egiteko, kiribilen adierazpena erabili ohi da, non spin-sareak deritzen egiturak agertzen diren. Kiribilen Grabitate Kuantikoak gainazalari eta bolumenari espektro diskretu bat esleitzen die eskala oso txikitan eta zenbait gertakari (zulo beltzen entropia edo unibertsoaren jatorria, besteak beste) aztertzeko oinarriak ezartzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24365,2011,"Notwithstanding the last reforms, the absence a specific incrimination of the offence of stalking constitutes a defect of Spanish Criminal Law, that needs to be corrected in the line of the best models of Comparative Law. In this way the introduction of a new incrimination is proposed. The new provision should punish those acts of stalking that constitute a serious and direct attack to the victim’s tranquility. And this, in the frame of a penal policy inspired by the principle of ultima ratio and not forgetting the adequate instruments of a civil nature.","Berriki egindako erreformak gorabehera, Espainiako zuzenbidearen urritasun bat izaten jarraitzen du, oro har, jazarpenaren berezko tipifikazio baten gabeziak; horri konponbidea jarri beharko litzaioke, zuzenbide konparatuaren adibide onenak kontuan hartuta. Zentzu horretan, beste delitu mota bat sartzea proposatzen da; hain zuzen, delitu mota horretan, jazarpen-jokabidea zigortu daiteke, baldin eta biktimaren lasaitasunari modu zuzenean eta larrian eragiten badio edo haren bizitzeko garapena larriki kaltetzen badu. Hori guztia ultima ratio printzipioaren araberako zigor-politika baten esparruan gauzatuko da, eta izaera zibileko tresna egokiak ahaztu gabe." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36828,2019-12-12,"Abstract: Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) is an additive manufacturing process that enables to build free-form parts with no geometrical restriction and high quality metallurgy. This technology allows workingwith materials whose manufacturing with other methodologieswould be very difficult. This process requires the study and control of a wide range of parameters. The LMD uses a laser heat source to mil a thin layer of a desired material on a moving substrate. The deposited material will be transferedto the substrate with an injection nozzle, whose objective is to send the titanium powder to the heat point.The principal objective of this project isto analyze the features of the cord and determinate the best condition for the addition of Ti-6Al-4V. Moreover, to demonstrate de viability of this technology creating a hollow blade like a test piece. To prove that, the microscopical properties of the cords and the blade will be analyzed.","Laburperna: Laser bidezko prozesu gehigarria edo Laser Metal Deposition (LMD), geometria konplexuak etametalurgikoki kalitate altuko piezak egitea ahalbidetzen duen fabrikazio gehigarrizko prozesua da. Teknologia honen bidez, material zailekin lan egin daiteke, beste metodo batzuekin ezinezkoa edo oso zaila izanik. Prozesu honek, parametro askoren ikasketaeta kontrola behar du. Bertan, laser baten bidez, gehitutako materiala urtzen da oinarriarengainean, gainazal fin bat sortuz. Material hau, hauts moduan gehituko da, espezialki diseinatutako mutur (nozzle) baten bidez, laserrak oinarria berotzen duen puntuan. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia, gehitutako kordoien ezaugarriak ezagutzea da, Ti-6A-l4V-arekin lan egiteko parametro hoberenak adieraziz. Laser bidezko prozesu hau baliagarria dela erakusteko alabe moduko pieza bat eraikiko da metodo honen bidez. Azkenik, kordoien eta alabearen propietate mikroskopikoak aztertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72624,2025-02-11,"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming numerous fields, with biometrics, and particularly facial recognition, being among the most active. This technology enables the identification of individuals through unique facial features, powered by machine learning algorithms. Facial recognition is used in various sectors such as security, access control, and identity management. In this bachelor´s thesis, a facial recognition solution based on the application of Deep Learning techniques with a centralized learning architecture has been defined. Additionally, an analysis of its accuracy has been conducted, as it is crucial for these systems to be precise and reliable, especially in certain scenarios or applications. This work aims to explore how different configurations affect system performance, providing a solid foundation for the implementation of robust and efficient facial recognition systems.","Adimen Artifiziala (AA) hainbat arlo eraldatzen ari da, biometria eta, bereziki, aurpegi-errekonozimendua, jarduera handiena duenetako bat izanik. Teknologia honek norbanakoak identifikatzeko aukera ematen du, haien aurpegi-ezaugarri bakarren bidez, ikaskuntza automatikoaren algoritmoen bidez bultzatuta. Aurpegi-errekonozimendua hainbat sektoretan erabiltzen da, hala nola segurtasunean, sarbide-kontrolean eta identitateen kudeaketan. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, ikaskuntza zentralizatuaren arkitekturarekin Deep Learning teknikak aplikatuz oinarritutako aurpegi-errekonozimendu irtenbide bat definitu da. Gainera, bere zehaztasunaren analisia egin da, sistema hauek zehatzak eta fidagarriak izatea oso garrantzitsua baita, zenbait eszenatoki edo aplikaziotan bereziki. Lan honek konfigurazio desberdinek sistemaren errendimenduan nola eragiten duten aztertzea du helburu, aurpegi-errekonozimendu sistema sendo eta eraginkorrak ezartzeko oinarri sendoa emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36538,2019-11-27,"Abstract: in this study the validation of the design of the rear seat of a SUV car of class B according to the H-point requirements specified by the manufacturer it is discovered. The seat has three bench seats, manual longitudinal adjustment with fixed bench and an asymmetrical folding backrest. To validate the design, the H-point of the model and the corresponding prototype must be similar to the SR-point. The H-point, or ""hip point,"" is the theoretical location of a passenger's hip. Analogously, it is the name of the result obtained in the numerical simulations and in the experimental measurements. On the other hand, the SR-point, or ""seat reference point"", is the point selected by the manufacturer for the design. This SR-point is unique to each automobile model and it is defined with respect to the reference system set for the vehicle. In particular, the initial design of the model is done using CAD and finite element tools. Once the design requirements are met, the consequent prototypes are built. Experimental measurements are made on them using the specific machinery for this. Finally, the obtained measurements are evaluated. In this case, discrepancies are observed between the values of the H-point obtained in the models with those obtained in the prototypes. For this reason, an analysis of alternatives is carried out with their modification proposals that result in a new design for the seat. Next, the model is created and validated. Again, prototypes are built with the new design and experimental measurements are made. Finally, the required H-point results are reached and the design is validated. Once the final design has been authorized, the seat is ready for the mass production of the vehicle. Keywords: H-point, SR-point, model, prototype, seat, design","Laburpena: azterlan honetan, B motako BULK motako auto baten atzeko eserlekuaren diseinua balioztatu dugu, fabrikatzaileak zehaztutako H puntuko eskakizunen arabera. Eserlekua hiru bankuko eserleku ditu, luzetarako eskuzko doikuntza banku finkoarekin eta atzeko tolesgarri asimetrikoa. Diseinua baliozkotzeko, ereduaren H-puntua eta dagokion prototipoak SR- puntuko antzekoak izan behar dute. H-puntua, edo ""hip puntua"", bidaiarien hip baten kokapena teorikoa da. Era berean, zenbakizko simulazioetan eta neurketak esperimentaletan lortutako emaitzaren izena da. Bestalde, SR-puntua edo ""eserlekua erreferentzia puntua"" fabrikatzaileak hautatutako puntua da. SR-puntu hau automobil- eredu bakoitzerako berezia da eta ibilgailuaren erreferentzia-sistemaren arabera definitzen da. Bereziki, ereduaren hasierako diseinua CAD-en eta elementu finituen tresnen bidez egiten da. Diseinuaren eskakizunak betetakoan, ondorioz, prototipoak eraiki dira. Horretarako, neurri esperimentalak egin zizkieten makineria zehatzen bidez. Azkenean, lortutako neurketak ebaluatzen dira. Kasu honetan, ereduetan prototipoetan lortutakoekin lortutako H-puntuko balioen arteko desberdintasunak ikusten dira. Hori dela eta, alternatiben azterketa egiten da aldaketetarako bere eserlekuaren diseinu berria lortuz. Ondoren, eredua sortzen eta baliozkotzen da. Berriz ere, prototipoak diseinu berriarekin eraiki dira eta neurri esperimentalak egiten dira. Azkenean, behar diren H puntuko emaitzak lortzen dira eta diseinua balioztatu egiten da. Behin betiko diseinua baimena eman ondoren, eserlekua ibilgailuaren ekoizpen masiboa egiteko prest dago. Gako-hitzak: H-puntua, SR-puntua, eredua, prototipoa, eserlekua, diseinua" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29279,2018-10-23,"Modern network applications have growing requirements in terms of bandwidth, scalability and security. Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is an emerging architecture that allows to meet these requirements, decoupling the control plane from the data plane and centralizing the network intelligence on SDN controllers. However, network security is still the main concern, as new types of attacks appear on a daily basis. The following research focuses on the use of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) as an innovative security measure on SDN networks. Using an IDS gives the network administrator the ability to monitor network traffic in real time, and therefore to locate and identify malicious activity in the system. Furthermore, the centralized architecture of the SDN controllers enables to program the response to the attack beforehand, so that all the network reacts as wanted as soon as a threat is detected.","Gaur egungo sare-aplikazioek gero eta eskakizun gehiago dituzte banda-zabalera, hazkundea eta segurtasunaren aldetik. Software bidez Definitutako Sareek (ingelesez Software-Defined Networking, SDN) eskakizun hauek betetzea ahalbidetzen duten arkitektura bat osatzen dute, kontrol-planoa eta datu-planoa banatuz eta sare-adimena SDN kontrolagailuetan bilduz. Dena den, sareen segurtasuna da ardurarik handiena oraindik, egunero eraso berriak agertzen direlarik. Ikerketa honetan, Intrusioak Detektatzeko Sistemen (ingelesez Intrusion Detection System, IDS) erabilera proposatzen da SDN sareetarako segurtasun-neurri berritzaile gisa. IDS bat erabiltzeak sareko trafikoa denbora errealean aztertzeko aukera ematen dio sare-administratzaileari, jarduera maltzurrak aurkitu eta identifikatzeko. Gainera, erasoen aurkako erantzuna aldez aurretik programatu daiteke sare guztiak mehatxua detektatu bezain laster nahi bezala erantzun dezan, SDN kontrolagailuen arkitektura zentralizatuari esker." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24321,2014,"this paper deals with the possibilities of the scientific study of the politics and practices of memory or remembrance from the standpoint of Victimology. this branch of knowledge may act as a bridge between History and memory if we consider certain key concepts developed by Victimology, such as: hidden victimisation, repeat victimisation, secondary victimisation, the subjective dimension of victimisation, the intergenerational transmission of violence and damages, recovery therapies –in particular, artistic interventions as forms of resistance to face dehumanisation–, and the right to an institutional treatment defined by its individualised, humane and coordinated character. Simultaneously, victimisation surveys seem an adequate methodology to do research in this field.","oroimenari lotutako praktikak eta politikak biktimologiaren ikuspuntutik zientifikoki aztertzeko aukerak aipatzen dira. Agian, diziplina hori historiaren eta oroimenaren arteko zubia izan daiteke, biktimologiako oinarrizko kontzeptu batzuk aintzat hartuta, honako hauek, besteak beste: ezkutuko biktimizazioa, berbiktimizazioa, bigarren mailako biktimizazioa, biktimizazioaren alderdi subjektiboa, indarkeriaren eta biktimen kalteen belaunaldi arteko transmisioa, suspertzeko programak (zehazki, artea gizagabetzeari aurre egiteko bide gisa erabiltzea) eta erakundeen aldetik banan-banako tratua jasotzeko eskubidea (pertsonen arteko tratu koordinatua). Era berean, komeni da biktimizazio-inkesten eta biktimologiak berezkoak dituen beste ikerketa-metodo batzuen egokitasuna gogora ekartzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26998,1996,"The report presented by José Luis L. Aranguren during the Summer Course about ""hUman Rights with regard to Criminology and Criminal Law"" is presented. This Course was organized by the IVAC-KREI in San Sebastian during 1985. A historical study about human rights from their religious and moral origin, in primitive cultures, to present day with their universalization, is shown.","1985. urtean ""Giza eskubideak Kriminologia eta Zuzenbide penalaren aurrean"" gaiari buruz IVAC-KREIk Donostian antolatu zuen Udako Kurtsoan José Luis L. Arangurenek aurkeztutako ponentzia biltzen da. Giza eskubideen ikerketa historikoa azaltzen da bere jatorritik, erlijioso eta morala lehendabiziko kultureta, gaur eguneraino, bere orokortasunez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14079,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: The information society is marked by the influence of the media in shaping the citizen thinking. The present research offers a study performed around said influence in the stereotype and prejudice field towards the immigrant collective through the analysis of 96 news regarding immigration from three representative journals of the Spanish and Basque society: El País, El Correo and El Mundo during the first fortnight of February 2014. The obtained results showed the most common and recurrent discourses in the treatment of immigrant related topics, corroborating already existing theories and studies. After obtaining said results a proposal that incises on the importance of an accessible education to all the citizenship on the media was elaborated.","LABURPENA: Informazio gizartea komunikabideek herritarren pentsamenduaren eraketan duten eraginagatik markatuta dago.Orain aurkezten den ikerkuntza lanean, etorkinen taldeko estereotipoen alorrean eta aurreiritzi sozialen eraginaren inguruan egindako ikerketa aurkezten du. Horretarako, etorkinei buruzko 96 albisteen analisia egin zen, espainiar eta euskaldun gizartearen honako hiru egunkari adierazgarrietatik hartuta: “El País”, “El Correo” eta “El Mundo” 2014ko otsailaren lehen hamabost egunetan zehar. Lortutako emaitzak, immigrazioari buruzko tratamendu errepikatuenak eta ohikoenak diren diskurtsoak islatu ditu, jadanik dauden estudio eta teoriekin bat etorriz. Emaitza horiek lortu eta gero proposamen bat landu zen, hiritar guztiek eskuragarri duten komunikabideen heziketaren garrantzia azpimarratzen duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60225,2023-03-03,"The lack of attention and concentration in today's students is becoming more and more apparent. Much of the work of the brain itself has been born into a world of technology and resources, and at the moment it is urgent to apply certain methodologies that stimulate the neuronal system of students to the educational system. Therefore, the BAPNE method is presented and formatted in didactic fashion, with an approach to instruction. In this work, the theoretical, scientific, and fundamental aspects of methodology are explained on the one hand, and in the other, the didactic structure of methodology is made in a fourth level room of the Primary Education as a didactic example.","Gaur egungo ikasleengan arreta eta kontzentrazio falta gero eta nabarmenagoa da. Lehen burmuinak berak egiten zuen lanaren zati handi bat teknologiaz eta baliabidez betetako mundu batean jaio dira, eta une honetan premiazkoa da ikasleen sistema neuronala estimulatzen duten zenbait metodologia aplikatzea hezkuntza-sisteman. Horregatik, BAPNE metodoa modu didaktikoan aurkeztu eta planteatzen da, irakaskuntzara hurbilduz. Lan honetan, alde batetik, metodologiaren alderdi teorikoak, zientifikoak eta oinarrituak azaltzen dira, eta, bestetik, metodologiaren planteamendu didaktikoa egiten da Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren mailako gela batean, adibide didaktiko gisa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29390,2018-10-30,"This document has two main objectives. The first objective is academic, so that it serves as End-of-Degree Work, and the second objective is to analyze theoretically and practically a free-time multicopter. Today, we find electronic objects anywhere. Technological advances facilitate our daily tasks, but often the theoretical bases of these technologies are not known, and because of this, they are often misused, reducing the useful life of the components. It also happens that when an electronic element is damaged, you do not have the theoretical capabilities to fix it, with which you choose either to throw the object and buy another or send it to a third party, so that it fixes it. It is clear that as a result of this there is a monetary expenditure. By means of this document, this expense will be avoided, at least in the field of multicopters. To avoid this loss of money, throughout this document, will be explained in a way that anyone can understand the different elements that make up a multicopter. Within these explanations, both the theoretical and practical bases will be seen. Starting from the practical bases, the lectro will find a physical and functional description of the elements, how they should be connected in the multicopter and the possible problems that may appear in the components, as well as their solutions. In the theoretical bases, the information that the reader will find will be useful for the assembly of a own multicopter. Here, you will find the different types of material, the elements that each type of multicopter has, explaining its technical characteristics and the coding of the elements. In addition to this, the different technologies used in multicopters will be in the reader's hand. To understand this section, the reader should not be an understanding on the subject. This information can be used to reflect onthe importance of technology today. Specifically, this document will see how the performance of a multicopter is improved by taking advantage of technological advances. For example, it will be seen how the use of electric motors is key in this aspect, since the performance of these is around 80%, while conventional combustion engines have a performance around 25%. The reader will also have in this document the assembly of a multicopter, so if you want to create your own, you can use this part of the document as a guide. The multicopter to be mounted will be used to take aerial photographs. Although the multicopter may seem like toys, they are very dangerous. The combination of its weight, the speeds it is able to reach and the height it is capable of achieving can cause significant damage. Therefore, it is of vital importance to handle them with care, for this in this document a series of steps to be followed will be provided to ensure the correct functioning of the multicopter. At the end of 2017, the Government of Spain approved a new legal framework (12/29/2017) regarding the multicopters. In the memory of the document, you will find a summary of this law, as well as a map indicating spaces restricted to the use of multicopters. In the second annex, you can find the complete law. In this document, the planning made to carry out the project through a Gantt chart will also be found. This system is very intuitive, the work to be done is grouped and the days necessary to carry out said works are indicated. Then, with this information, the program generates a temporary graph, through which the planning is shown. At the end of the report, you will find two economic data. The first one will be a table indicating the disbursement of expenses carried out during the entire project. The second will be a modest budget to build a multicopter.","Dokumentu honek bi helburu nagusi ditu. Lehena, helburu akademikoa da, gradu amaierako lana izan dadin, eta bigarren helburua aisialdirako erabiltzen diren multikopteroen azalpen teoriko eta praktikoen azterketa gauzatzea da. Gaur egun, gailu elektronikoak edonon aurkitu daitezke. Teknologian emandako aurrerapenak eguneroko bizitza errazten du, baina askotan teknologia hauen oinarriak ez dira ezagunak, eta honen ondorioz, askotan erabilpen txarrak egiten dira, osagai elektronikoen bizi-iraupena murriztuz. Baita askotan gertatzen ohi da, gailu elektroniko bat matxuratzen denean, hau konpontzeko gaitasun teorikoak ez direla ezagutzen, beraz edo gailua bota eta beste bat erosten da, edo hirugarren bati bidaltzen zaio, azken honek konpondu dezan. Argi dago, honen erruz dirua xahutzen dela, eta dokumentu honetan ematen diren azalpenen bitartez, diru horren galera murriztuko da, behintzat multikopteroen inguruan. Diru xahuketa ekiditzeko, dokumentu honetan zehar, edonork ulertzeko moduan aurki daitezke multikopteroetan agertzen diren osagai nagusien azalpena. Azalpen honen barruan, oinarri teorikoak eta praktikoak agertzen dira. Oinarri praktikoetaz hasiz, irakurleak aurki dezake osagi bakoitzaren deskribapen fisikoa eta funtzionala, multikopteroan nola egon beharko litzateke konektatuta eta osagai horretan azaldu daitezkeen arazoak, baita konponbideak ere. Oinarri teorikoetan, irakurleak aurkituko duen informazioa erabilgarria izango zaio baldin eta multikoptero berri bat muntatuko badu. Honetan, aurki dezake osagaien material desberdinak, multikoptero mota bakoitzarentzat egokiak diren osagaiak, ezaugarri teknikoak azalduz, edota osagaiek dituzten kodifikazioak azalduz. Honetaz aparte, irakurlearen esku ere egongo dira multikopteroek erabiltzen dituzten teknologien azterketa. Atal hau ulertzeko, irakurleak ez da zertan izan behar teknologian aditua, baita ere erreflexio bezala irakurri daiteke ikusteko zein garrantsitzua den teknologia gaur egun. Atal honetan, ikusiko da nola hobetu daitekeen multikopteroaren errendimendua aurrerapen tekonologikoetaz balioatuz. Esate baterako, nola erabili daitezkeen motor elektrikoak, zeinek %80 errendimendua daukaten, konbustioko motorren %25-aren aurka. Baita irakurleak ere dokumentu honetan oinarritutako multikoptero baten muntaketa aurkituko du, horrela bere multikopteroa muntatu nahi izanez gero, gida bat bezala erabiltzeko aukera du. Muntatuko den multikopteroa, argazkiak eta irudiak lortzeko plataforma hegalaria izango da. Hau lortzeko, multikoptero normal batek baino pisu gehiago izango du (orekagailua eta kamerak eramateko). Multikopteroak jostailuak badirudite ere, oso arriskutzuak dira. Haien pisua eta lortzen dituzten abiadurak zein altueren konbinaketa kalte asko sor ditzake. Beraz, oso garrantsitzua da multikopteroa segurtasun osoz maneilatzea, horretarako dokumentu honetan zehar segurtasun jarraibide batzuk emango dira, eta multikopteroak hegatu baino lehen egin beharreko proba batzuk diseinatu dira. Horain dela hilabete batzuk (2017/12/29) [1], Espainiako gobernuak arautegi berri bat atera zuen multikopteroen inguruan, lege berri honen laburpen bat ere aurkitu daiteke dokumentu honen eranskinean. Baita dokumentu grafiko bezala ere, Euskal Herrian multikopteroak hegatu ahal diren lekuen mapa atxikitzen da. Dokumentu honetan proiektu hau gauzatzeko egin den planifikazioa adieraziko da Gantt diagramaren bitartez. Sistema hau oso intuitiboa da, egin beharreko lanak edo atazak taldekatzen dira eta bakoitza Aurrera eramateko behar diren egun kopuruak adierazten dira. Gero, informazio horrekin, programak barrazko grafiko bat egiten du, esan bezala era intuitiboan uler dadin. Bukatzeko, proiektua gauzatzeko beharrezko aurrekontu bat dago. Aurrekontu hau, osagaien karakterizazioa egin baino lehen egin da, beraz baliteke aurrekontuan agertzen diren osagaiak bat ez etortzea bukaeran egindako multikopteroarekin. Dokumentu hau ingeniartizaren ikuspuntua edonon aplika daitekeela adierazteko era bat da, eta puntu horretatik abiatuta, erronka bezala egindako proiektua izan da. Ingeniariek munduaren ildoa ezartzeko aukera daukate, teknologian egindako aurrerapenei esker, eta aurrerapen horiek edonork baliatu ditzakeela adierazteko dokumentua da hau." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36862,2019-12-12,"Abstract: the present project is presented as Final Degree Project (12 ECTS) to qualify for the degree in Mechanical Engineering. It describes the process of designing a flexible tool, formed by a structure nodes/bar, used for the tying up of different aeronautical components. The project begins with the definition of a structure that is capable, due to the action of low-cost actuators, of adapting to the geometry of the part of the central fuselage of a narrow-body aircraft, that is, the estructure is able to reach a ""small"" radius of curvature. To get to that structure, called the column, the GIM kinematic simulation software is used. Subsequently, the kinematic simulation of the adopted solutions of the 3D structures in the GIM software is made, where it is observed how the flexible tooling moves, all the range of movement that it has and the final position of the nodes and the bars, as well as the centers of curvature of their trajectories. The design of the tooling and its assembly has been carried out in the CAD Inventor tool. For this purpose, bars have been searched for in the literature with sufficient thickness to withstand axial stresses and knots have been designed that can join the bars, with a bolted connection or with a ball joint, and that are capable of achieving the movement obtained in the kinematic simulation as to correctly transmit the axial forces of traction or compression. The joining elements (screws, nuts, spherical bolts, etc.) are standard or commercial elements. To be able to hold the piece to be manufactured, a solution has been defined that allows the correct clamping of said piece to the structure nodes / bar. The number of low-cost actuators that intervene in the tooling has also been limited to lower its price. Finally, a mechanical simulation of the system has been carried out using CESTRI 3D structural calculation software, to see the approximate axial tensions to which the bars are subjected. The project also includes the budget, which includes the technical office costs, the costs of the commercial elements, the costs of the elements to be manufactured and the costs of assembly, testing and maintenance.","Laburpena: proiektu hau Gradu Amaierako Proiektu gisa aurkezten da (12 ECTS) Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko titulua lortzeko. Aeronautika elementu ezberdinen muntaian erabilitako tresna malgu bat diseinatzeko prozesua deskribatzen du. Proiektu honek kostu baxuko eragingailuen ekintzari esker, gorputz estuetako aireontzi baten fuselaje zentroko geometriara egokitzeko gai den egitura baten definizioarekin hasten da, hau da, ""erradio txikiko"" kurbatura lortu ahal duena. Zutabea deitzen den egitura hori lortzeko, GIM simulazio zinematikoko softwarea erabili da. Ondoren, GIM softwarearen 3D-ko simulazio zinematikoko egituren erantzunetan oinarrituta diseinua egiten da. Simulazio hauei esker, tresneria malgua nola mugitzen den ikus daiteke eta baita ere dituen mugimendu guztiak, nodoen eta barraen azken posizioa eta baita haien ibilbideen kurbatura zentroak ere. Tresneriaren diseinua eta bere muntaketa CAD Inventor tresnaren bidez egin dira. Horretarako, literaturan barrak bilatu dira, nahikoa lodiera duten ardatz eta nodoa lotzeko. Nodoak ere diseinatu dira, eta mugimendua lortzeko gai diren simulazio zinematikokoaren bidez aztertu da. Aukeratutako lotura elementuak (torlojuak, torloju esferikoak, etab.), elementu estandarrak edo komertzialak izan dira. Fabrikatu beharreko pieza eutsi ahal izateko, pieza hori nodo/barra egiturara era egokian lotzea ahalbidetzen duen soluzioa planteatu da. Tresna horretan esku hartzen duten kostu baxuko eragingailuen kopurua ere mugatu egin da prezioa murrizteko. Azkenean, sistemaren simulazio mekanikoa CESTRI 3D ko egiturentzako kalkulu softwarearekin egin da, barra horiek jasaten dituzten gutxi-gorabeherako tensio axialak neurtzeko. Proiektuak aurrekontua ere barne hartzen du eta bertan: bulego teknikoaren, elementu komertzialen, fabrikatu beharreko elementuen eta muntaia, azterketa eta mantentzearen kostuak biltzen ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58969,2022-12-23,"This project studies federated learning, a fairly recent field within deep learning. Since federated learning allows the use of data without the need to share it, this approach can be a very interesting bet for many companies, so their data is kept private. More specifically, this project analyzes the impact this type of learning has on unbalanced environments, making use of different data distributions and different aggregation algorithms. It is well known that a federated-learned model will not be able to achieve a level of precision a centralized-learned one can achieve. This gives us a reason to analyze in which situations we could get the most out of it, taking into account if the loss of precision could be considered acceptable or not.","Proiektu honen bidez ikasketa federatua (federated learning) landu nahi izan da, ikasketa sakonaren (deep learning) barruan azken urteotan agertu den esparru berri bat hain zuzen ere. Ikasketa federatuak datuak konpartitu beharrik gabe datuak erabiltzea ahalbidetzen duenez, enpresa askorentzat apostu oso interesgarria izan daiteke, modu honetan datuak pribatutasunean mantenduko dituztelako. Zehatzagoak izateko, proiektu honen helburua ikasketa mota honek ingurune desorekatuetan daukan eraginaren analisi bat egitea izan da, datu-banaketa desberdinak eta bateratze-algoritmo desberdinak erabiliz. Ikasketa federatu batek ezingo du ikasketa zentralizatu batek lortzen duen doitasun-maila gainditu, hori bistakoa da. Arrazoibide honek ordea, ikasketa honi etekin handiena zein egoeretan atera dakiokeen ikertu nahi izatera bultzatu gaitu, doitasun-galera onargarria izan daitekeen ala ez kontuan hartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16287,2015-12-01,"The goal of this end-of-degree project is to study the process carried out in the incineration plant for solid urban waste of Zabalgarbi (Bizkaia). The installation consists of a combined cycle based on a 43 MW gas turbine and a 56, 5 MW steam turbine. The focus of its design is the adaptation of the gas combined cycle technology to modern waste-to-energy facilities. In other words, it is an innovative approach, from which a new industrial process arises, helping to solve the environmental problem caused by waste generation while enabling electricity production. This design upgrades plant performance both quantitatively and qualitatively, as electricity is produced in two steps and it allows a more effective use of resources. The technology involved for waste incineration is a combustion system bases on sliding grate. This study describes the different integrated processes in the Zabalgarbi plant and analyses the energy balance of the most important equipment. Then, some technical improvements in the design are considered. In addition, the methodology followed for the survey is described in detail, as well as, the planning and the budget.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua Zabalgarbi-ren uri-hondakinen balorizazio energetikorako plantan garatutako prozesua garatzea da. Instalazioak 43 MW-eko gas turbina batean eta 56,5 MW-eko lurrun turbina batean oinarrituta dago. Uri-hondakinen balorizazio energetikora bideratutako prozesu industrial bat da eta, bertan, gas bidezko ziklo konbinatuetako teknologia uri-hondakinen balorizazio energetikorako instalazio modernoetara egokitzen da. Prozesu bakar eta integratu hau hondakinen arazoetarako konponbidea da eta aldi berean energía elektrikoa sortzea baimentzen du. Diseinu honi esker, plantaren errendimenduaren hobekuntza lortzen da, elektrizitatea bi alditan lortzen denez gero. Errausketarako erabilitako teknologia parrila irristagarriko labe bat da.Lan honetan Zabalgarbin gertatzen diren prozesuak aztertuko dira, eta era berean, ekipamendu nagusien ikasketa energetikoa egingo da. Hau egin ondoren, diseinuaren hobekuntza desberdinak aztertuko dira. Gainera testua zehar, azterketa energetikoa lortzeko erabilitako metodología, planifikazioa eta aurrekontua azalduko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30309,2018-12-12,"Summary This document describes the laboratory measurement automation tool HARKD, which consists on two programs; • HARKDC – A console based program that serves as «backend». It communicates with the laboratory instrumentation and contains the proceedings for carrying on the measurements. • HARKDW – A graphical program to perform measurements. It acts as a «frontend » and uses HARKDC in the background. This software has been developed in the C language. It uses a modular approach, so adding support for new tests and devices is relatively easy.","Laburpena Dokumentu honek HARKD laborategiko neurketa automatizatze erraminta deskribatzen du. Bi programez osaturik dago; • HARKDC – Kontsolan oinarritutako programa, «backend» modura jokatzen du. Laborategiko makinekin komunikatzen da eta neurketen nola egin daki. • HARKDW – Neurketak egiten dituen programa grafikoa. «Frontend» jokabidea dauka, HARKDC erabiltzen du atzetik. Software hau C hizkuntzan eraiki da. Eskema modular bat segitzen du, proba eta gailu berrientzako euskarria ematea erraza izan dadin. III" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16183,2015-11-24,"This study has researched the variability of temperature on the Cantabrian Coast in the period 1928-2013, by analyzing the indexes of maximum temperature, minimum temperature, average temperature, the daily range of temperatures and the number of frost days. It has also analyzed the influence of the NAO index over the temperature. For its evaluation there have been used the databases of fourteen atmospheric observatories, a maritime observatory and the monthly NAO Hurrel index. The main result is that temperature of the Cantabrian Coast has increased mostly in the last four decades, being more remarkable the increase of the maximum temperature than the minimum (1973-2013). Moreover, the maritime temperature of the Cantabrian West sea indicates an increase of 0,197°C dec-1. The NAO shows no relation with the variability of temperature.","Tenperatura maximo, minimo eta batez-betekoa, eguneroko tenperaturaren heina eta izozte egun kopuruen indizeak aztertuz, Kantauri itsasoko isurialdeko aldakortasuna ikertu da 1928-2013 urte tarteko denboraldian. Era berean, NAO indizeak tenperaturengan duen eragina aztertu da. Bere ebaluaziorako, hamalau behatoki atmosferiko, itsasoko behatoki bat eta Hurrell-ren hileko NAO indizea aztertu dira. Kantauri itsasoko isurialdean azkenengo lau hamarkadetan tenperatura igo egin dela behatu da, tenperatura maximoaren igoera minimoarena baino handiagoa izanda(1973-2013). Horrez gain , Kantauri itsasoko Ekialdean tenperatura 0,197°C hamar-1 igo egin da. NAO indizeak, ez du harremanik tenperaturaren aldakortasunarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19521,2016-11-14,"In this Bachelor thesis information about a drone’s (moreover, quadcopter) elements, its configuration and control or programming for a proper flight and functioning will be shown. The studied device will have a small size, whose weight will be less than 2 kilograms, and it will have a camera on it, working as a video-recording system. The project will start by analyzing a quadcopter already mounted that we can find in our Applied Mathematic’s Department; we will look into its elements and changeable components, making a comparison between them and what we can find in the market nowadays. This way, we will be able to make some improvements in our product and we might adjust our device into a more developed technological world. Our goal will be to improve the product we have in the department of Applied Mathematics from the Basque Country University, adapting it to our budget and necessities. Once we will have defined our components, we will mount and program the control of our device, being this part necessary for a good flight. For this aim, we will use a free software program found on the internet. We will collect the different trials during the programming period, in order to acquire precision in our movements and which will be necessary to define a drone’s flight. This way, the input-output control part will be defined on our project. To complete this project we will take advantage of the technological and practical aspects of quadcopters, gathering nowadays and future’s applications for different aims. Furthermore, a relation between the law and the use of these machines will be done in order to assign different tasks to them. When talking about engineering planning for its construction, mechanical and electrical calculus but also electronic aspects will be mentioned.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan drone bat eta, batez ere quadcoptero bat, osatzen duten elementuak, bere konfigurazioa eta funtzionamendu egokirako beharrezko kontrol eta programen azterketa ikertu da. Tamaina txikiko gailua izango da, bi kilogramo baino gutxiagoko pisua duena, eta kamara bat edukiko duena, grabazio sistema gisa erabiltzeko. Hasiera batean Matematika Aplikatua sailean dagoen quadcoptero baten azterketa egingo da, bere elementuak eta alda daitezkeen osagaiak produktu osatuago eta hobe bat lortzeko ikertuz, azken urteetan egin diren aurrerapen teknologikoei erreparatuz. Merkatuan dauden elementu berriak eta gehigarriak aztertuko dira, eta drone-a gure aurrekontura zein betebeharretara egokituko dugu. Behin osagaiak definituta izanik, gailuaren muntaia eta kontrolaren programazioa egingo dira, drone-aren hegaldi egoki baterako ezinbestekoak diren atalak. Horretarako, interneten topa daitezkeen software libreko programak erabiliko dira. Burutuko diren entseguak bilduko dira hemen, hegaldi egokia bermatzeko beharrezkoak direnak, eta drone-ak burutu ditzakeen mugimendu guztiak, hau da, sistemaren sarrera-erantzun atala, kontrolpean edukitzeko erabilitako kontrol-sistemaren konfigurazioa adieraziko da. Drone-ak dituzten abantaila teknologiko eta praktikoez baliatuko gara proiektuaren garapenerako, eta gaur egun eskaintzen dituzten aplikazioen azterketa zein etorkizunean izan ditzaketenak ere ageriko dira bertan. Bestalde, egungo marko juridikoari dagokionez legeak ematen dituen aplikaziorako aukerak edota jarritako oztopoak adieraziko dira. Ingeniaritzari dagokionez, drone bat eraikitzeko beharrezko planifikazio, kalkulu mekaniko, elektriko eta alderdi elektronikoak ere bilduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25592,1994,"After a short exposition about the meaning of marginal Criminology, it is studied the sense of knowledge and its application to the jurídical thought, to the law and justice, as well as its influence upon the individual as a subject of law.","Kriminologia marginalaren esanahiari buruzko adierazpen bat egin ondoren, ezagueraren zentzuz eta pentsakera juridiko, zuzenbide eta justizian bere aplikazioaz ikerketa bat burutzen da, baila ere pertsonarengan duen eragina, zuzenbide sujeto bezala hartuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36555,2019-11-27,"Abstract: this work consists taking part in the development of the Ikastenbot project, a Telegram bot designed to assist university students in the development and documentation of their Final Degree Project. The contributions made to the project include improvements to the orthographic corrector, notices about the project management and more options for the user to adjust their planning. The bot is being developed in PHP, it stores it’s information in a MySQL database and makes use of Telegram’s API to comunicate with the users.","Laburpena: lan hau Ikastenbot proiektuaren garapenean parte hartzea da. Ikastenbot unibertsitateko ikasleei Gradu Bukaerako Lanaren garapenean eta dokumentazioan laguntzen dien Telegram-eko bot-a da. Proiektuari egindako ekarpenetan sartzen dira zuzentzaile ortografikoarentzako hobekuntzak, jasotako plangintzei buruzko oharrak eta aukera gehiago erabiltzaileak plangintza zehatza finkatu ahal dezala. Bot-a PHP programazio-lengoaiarekin egin da, informazioa MySQL datubase batean gordetzen du eta erabiltzaileekin komunikatzeko Telegram-eko API-a erabiltzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23148,2017-07,"Sizing of a plant for the energetic recovery of sludge from a wastewater treatment plant by means of a Rankine Cycle to obtain electric energy. Study of the different alternatives for the recovery of sewage sludge. Economic study of the investment of the plant, analysis of its cost effectiveness and project planning.","Hondakin-uren araztegi baten lokatzaren balorizazio energetikoko instalazio baten dimentsionamendua, Rankine Zikloaren bitartez, energía elektrikoa lortzeko. Araztegi-lokatzen balorizazioaren aukera desberdinen azterketa. Instalazio-inbertsioaren azterketa ekonomikoa, bere errentagarritasun-analisia eta proiektuaren plangintza." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27341,1998,"The question of the attribution to the Basque Autonomous Community of competitions in the matter of execution of the penitentiary legislation is studied and the Statute of Autonomy is also examinated. Likewise the advantages and disadvantages, theoretical and practical, of this transfer of penitentiary competitions are commented.","Autonomi Estatutoan gelditurik, Baitegi Legepideko egitarapenean, Euskal Autonomi Elkarteari dagozkion konpetentziak aztertzen dira. Abantail eta kalte teoriko eta praktikoak aztertzen dira. Abantail eta kalte teoriko eta praktiko horiek komentatzeaz gain, Autonomi Elkarte honi egokituko zaizkion konpetentzien transferentziak ere aipatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25588,1994,"Regarding the results of a research about street children in Mexico city, since 1989 until de present date, the causes for the surge of this community are pointed out, together with the work aspects, the most serious problems which they have to face with and the started actions towards their rescue and social reinsertion.","1989garren urtetik gaur eguneraino Mexiko D .F. hiriburuan egindako kaleko umeei buruzko ikerketa baten emaitzetan oinarrituz, komunitate honen berpizketaren zergatiak, adingabekoen lanezko faktoreak, hauek dauzkaten arazorik larrienak, eta ume hauen birgizarteratzeko burututako ekintzak nabarmendu egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75396,2025-11-05,"This document presents the development of a tool designed to detect anomalies in water level signals collected from a hydraulic system in the metropolitan area of Cincinnati. These anomalies, often caused by sensor miscalibrations or data editing errors, can lead to long-term inaccuracies that compromise analysis and operational decisions. The project is based on the analysis of a dataset with over 105,000 entries, recorded every five minutes over the course of a year. The objective was to create a method capable of identifying the exact moment when a perturbation occurs in the water level. For this purpose, three detection strategies were developed: the Delta Method, the Intersection Method, and the Savitzky-Golay Method. These were applied at different time resolutions (weekly, daily, and hourly) resulting in a total of nine configurations that will be analyzed in detail.","Dokumentu honek Cincinnati hiriko metropoli-inguruko ur-sistematik jasotako ur-mailaren seinaleetan erroreak detektatzeko tresna baten garapena aurkezten du. Anomalia horiek, normalean sentsoreen deskalibrazioengatik edo datuen edizioan izandako akatsengatik gertatzen dira, eta denboran zehar zehaztasun faltak eragin ditzakete, analisia eta erabakiak hartzea zailduz. Proiektua urtebetez bost minutuko maiztasunez jasotako 105.000 erregistro baino gehiagoren analisiaren gainean oinarritzen da. Helburu nagusia izan da ur-mailan perturbazio bat gertatzen den une zehatza identifikatzeko gai den metodo bat sortzea. Horretarako, hiru detekzio-estrategia garatu dira: Delta Metodoa, Elkargune Metodoa eta Savitzky-Golay Metodoa. Estrategia hauek denbora-ebazpen desberdinetan aplikatu dira (astekoa, egunekoa eta ordukoa), guztira bederatzi konfigurazio ezberdin sortuz, ondoren xehetasunez aztertuko direnak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75422,2025-11-05,"This master’s thesis evaluates the environmental impact associated with the production of biofuels from used cooking oil (UCO), focusing on two conversion technologies: UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) and HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil). The research is based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, applied using the OpenLCA software, the Ecoinvent 3.10 database, and the ReCiPe Midpoint (H) methodology. The study covers the entire process from waste collection to the final distribution of the biofuel, including stages such as transport, pretreatment, production, and distribution. The main environmental impact hotspots are identified, and the results are compared against conventional fossil diesel. Additionally, sensitivity scenarios are developed to assess the influence of key variables, such as the type of hydrogen or the electricity source used in the process. The results show that, although the production of biofuels from UCO is not impact-free, its use represents a viable and more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels especially when critical inputs such as hydrogen are optimized. The study highlights the importance of utilizing waste as a resource, in line with the principles of the circular economy and the goals of a more sustainable energy transition.","Master amaierako lan honek sukaldeko olio erabilia (UCO, Used Cooking Oil) abiapuntu hartuta biokonbustibelen ekoizpenari lotutako ingurumen inpaktua ebaluatzen du, bi konbertsio teknologietan oinarrituta: UCOME (Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester) eta HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil). Ikerketa bizi zikloaren analisiaren (LCA, Life Cycle Analysis) ikuspegian oinarritzen da, OpenLCA softwarearen, Ecoinvent 3.10 datu basearen eta ReCiPe Midpoint (H) metodologiaren bidez aplikatuta. Azterketak hondakina biltzen denetik bioerregaiaren azken banaketaraino faseak hartzen ditu barne, besteak beste, garraioa, aurretratamendua, ekoizpena eta banaketa. Ingurumen-inpaktuaren gune kritiko nagusiak identifikatu dira, eta emaitzak konparatu egin dira diesel fosil konbentzionalarekin. Era berean, sentikortasun-eszenatokiak garatu dira funtsezko aldagai batzuen eragina ebaluatzeko, hala nola prozesuan erabilitako hidrogeno mota edo elektrizitatearen jatorria. Emaitzek erakusten dute UCOtik abiatutako bioerregaien ekoizpenak badituela inpaktuak. Hala ere, erregai fosilen aurrean aukera bideragarri eta iraunkorragoa dela, batez ere hidrogenoa bezalako sarrera kritikoak optimizatzen direnean. Azterlan honek hondakinak baliabide gisa aprobetxatzearen garrantzia azpimarratzen du, ekonomia zirkularraren printzipioekin eta trantsizio energetiko iraunkorragoaren helburuekin bat eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24349,2015,"The sexual offenders who pertain to the clergy are a minority, but they cause a particularly damaging emotional harm to the victims and they provoke strong social rejection. The risk of pederasty derives from a problem of sexual dissatisfaction and from the fact of having permanent contact with youngsters. Priesthood can be an unconscious alibi for homosexuality and paedophilia (primary homosexuality), but, in some other cases, the aforementioned can be the result of a celibacy which is difficult to endure for a lifetime (secondary homosexuality). They have resorted to cognitive distortions which justify sexual abuse in order to make the strict conscience norms compatible with the conducts of depravity. The compulsive celibacy, the cognitive distortions of the offender and the cover-up by the hierarchy have made it possible for this phenomenon to expand.","Apaizeriaren kide diren sexu-abusatzaileak gutxiengoa dira, baina biktimei kalte emozional bereziki galgarria eragiten diete eta arbuio sozial handia sortzen dute. Pederastia gertatzeko arriskuaren jatorria asegabetasun sexualarekin lotutako arazoan eta gazteekin etengabeko harremana izatean datza. Apaiz egitea homosexualitatea eta pedofilia (lehen mailako homosexualitatea) ezkutatzeko modu inkontzientea izan daiteke, baina, beste kasu batzuetan, bizitza osoan jasatea zaila den zelibatoaren ondorio izan daitezke horiek (bigarren mailako homosexualitatea). Kontzientzia-arau zorrotzak galdukeria portaerekin bateragarriak izateko, sexu-abusua justifikatzen duten distortsio kognitiboak erabili izan dituzte. Derrigorrezko zelibatoak, abusatzailearen distortsio kognitiboek eta hierarkiak horrelakoak ezkutatzeak aztergai dugun fenomenoa hedatzea ahalbideratu dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51044,2021-04-16,"In order to obtain high quality artificial voices, text to speech systems require good quality input audio recordings. Therefore, these systems are normally developed using carefully designed and recorded databases. However, this is a very expensive task, both economically and due to the time it takes to develop them. If a database is not recorded specifically to develop text to speech conversion systems, it is necessary to adapt existing recordings to the requirements of these systems. Obtaining those recordings is not an easy task, due to poor conditions in the speaker’s voice or because the main speaker´s voice is mixed with others in the recording. For that reason, it is very important to separate the different voices in the recordings. Speaker diarization systems detect speaker changes in a recording and they can be used to detect when a speaker talks. In this work, speaker diarization systems are studied with an EITB (Basque Radio and Television) database, in which journalists and other speakers are present. The main objective is to set up two diarization systems and check if they are suitable for the database of this work. After that, an effective speaker diarization tool is provided to get recordings for text to speech purposes.","Testua hizketa bihurtzeko sistemak garatzean, funtsezkoa da sortzen den esatariaren ahotsa kalitate ona izatea, sortutako ahots artifizialak kalitate ona izan dezan. Horregatik, sistema horiek, kontu handiz diseinatutako eta horretarako grabatutako datu-baseak erabiliz garatzen dira. Hala ere, lan hori oso garestia da, bai ekonomiaren aldetik, bai behar duen denboragatik. Testua hizketa bihurtzeko sistema garatzeko datu-base bat grabatzen ez bada, grabazioak egokitu behar dira. Ez da erraza beharrezko baldintzak betetzen dituzten audio-fitxategiak edukitzea, bai eskuragarri dauden fitxategietan esatariaren ahotsak intonazio eta ulergarritasun onik ez dutelako, bai esatari bat baino gehiago dagoelako, eta, beraz, hainbat pertsonen ahotsak daudelako. Bigarren kasu horretan, ezinbestekoa da esatari nagusiaren ahotsa bereiztea fitxategiak erabili ahal izateko. Denbora tarte batean hitz egiten duten esatariak bereizteko modu bat da diarizazio sistemak erabiltzea. Sistema mota horiei esker, audio-fitxategi batean zenbat esatari hitz egin duten bereiz daiteke, bakoitzak zein unetan hitz egiten duen zehaztuz. Lan honetan, diarizatzeko sistemak EITBko kazetarien eta beste esatari batzuen ahotsak dituen datu-base batera egokitzapena aztertzen da. Inplementazioa eta optimizazioa bi diarizazio-sistemaren bidez egiten da, eta lortutako emaitzen bidez datu-basera egokitzen direla egiaztatzen da. Horrela, testua hizketa bihurtzeko sistemak garatzeko balio duten ahots-fitxategiak lortzeko tresna garatzea lortzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53956,2021-11-22,"In this Master's Thesis, an efficiency analysis of reactive compensation systems in photovoltaic generation parks will be carried out using simulation software such as PowerFactory and scripts in Python language, in order to verify the initial hypothesis: ‘The use of capacitor banks for reactive compensation instead of inverter capacities would make it possible to reduce losses inside the park, and thus improve profitability or reduce the return on investment (ROI) period of the park, from the point of view of operational efficiency.’ Stationary simulations will be carried out to verify the difference in losses for the same operating points of the wind farm for both solutions, and that both comply with the minimum reactive power capacity as established by the corresponding Grid Code. Similarly, a modular analysis tool will be created with which future studies can be carried out with different wind farm topologies, inverter efficiency curves, operating points...","Master-amaierako lan honetan, konpentsazio erreaktiboko sistemen eraginkortasun- azterketa bat egingo da parke fotovoltaikoetarako, PowerFactory softwareen bidez eta Python hizkuntzaren script batzukin, hasierako hipotesia egiaztatzeko: ‘Inbertitzaileen gaitasunen ordez, kondentsadore-bankuak konpentsazio erreaktiborako erabiltzeak parkearen barruko galerak murriztea ahalbidetuko luke, eta, horrela, errentagarritasuna hobetzea edo inbertsioaren itzultze-aldia (ROI) murriztea, efizientzia operatiboaren ikuspuntutik.’ Simulazio egonkorrak egingo dira parkeko eragiketa-puntu berberetarako eta potentzia erreaktiboaren gutxieneko ahalmena betetzen dutela egiaztatuko da, dagokion sare- kodeak ezartzen duen bezala. Era berean, aztertzeko tresna modular bat sortuko da, etorkizuneko azterketak egin ahal izateko parkeen topologia desberdinekin, inbertitzaileen efizientzia-kurbekin, eragiketa- puntuekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14052,2015-01-19,"In this work, it has been analyzed how the teacher manages to build knowledge among students by means on interaction. It has also been investigated how the teacher adjusts help and how he/she removes it. The objective has been to identify, describe and understand the mechanisms that influence on interaction. In order to get that, a participative observation has been carried out by analyzing the reality systematically as well as receiving, describing, studying and interpreting everything occurred. Once the sessions have been transcribed, the interaction parts together with the most recurrent patterns of behavior have been taken out. As a conclusion, it has been proved that the teacher departs from pupils’ initiatives at the time of adjusting and removing support.","Lan honetan, elkarrekintzaren bidez irakasle batek ikasleengan ezagutzak eraikitzeko zer mekanismoren bidez lortzen duen aztertu da, laguntzak nola egokitzen dituen eta laguntzeari nola uzten dion ikertuz. Helburua, elkarrekintzan eragina daukaten mekanismoak identifikatzea, deskribatzea eta ulertzea izan da. Horretarako, ikasleen iniziatiba bultzatzen duen giroan oinarritutako behaketa parte-hartzailea erabili da, errealitatea sistematikoki behatu eta eman diren gertaerak jaso, deskribatu, aztertu eta interpretatu direlarik. Behin transkribatutako saioak aztertuta, elkarrekintza segmentuak atera dira, horietan gehien errepikatzen diren jokabide-patroiak jasoz. Laguntzak egokitzean zein laguntzeari uztean, irakaslea ikasleen iniziatibetatik abiatzen dela ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18162,2016-05-05,"It is approached the Criminal Mediation from the perspective of the new legislation has entered into force or will be in effect soon. A study on the removal of faults, the creation of so-called Minor Crimes in the Criminal Code and the incorporation of the Principle of Opportunity is included. (Reform of the Criminal Code and Criminal Procedure Act). Special significance of the Statute of the Victims of Crime, and the influence and application to Victims of Domestic Violence. As well as special consideration to the Restorative Justice in the Criminal Mediation. A study on Criminal Mediation in the 2011’s and 2012’s Preliminary Reform is developed.","Zigor-arloko bitartekotza indarrean dagoen edo indarrean egongo den araudi berriaren ikuspuntutik garatzen da. Falten abolizioa, Zigor Kodean deituriko Delitu Arinen sorkuntza eta Egokitasun Printzipioa ikerketa aipatzen da. (Zigor Kodearen erreforma eta Prozedura Kriminalaren Legea). Garrantzi berezia du Delituaren Biktimaren Estatutua, bere eragina eta ezarpena Genero-indarkeriaren Biktimetan. Hala nola, arreta berezia Zigor-arloko bitarteko Justizia Leheneratzailean. 2011. eta 2012. Urteetako Erreforma aurreproiektuen Zigor-arloko bitartekotzari buruzko ikerketa egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19519,2016-11-14,"In this project a parallel robot that contains a parallelogram mechanism in each of its kinematic chains is presented. In consequence, a state of the art of parallel mechanisms has been defined in order to get information about this kind of mechanisms, specially, Pa and Pa2. Parallel robots are analysed by the General Method for Fully Parallel Manipulator Analysis. After an introduction to this method, it is used with an example, in this case, Gough platform. Then, two parallel robots that include the Pa2 mechanism are analysed, CPa2R and PPa2. Finally, the chosen robot, 3-PPa2 (45º) is analysed using the closed loop methodology. After the 3-PPa2 (45º) parallel manipulator is designed, the PPa2 mechanism is built in AutoCAD in order to print it in 3D.","Lan honetan, mekanismo paralelogramoak bere kadena zinematikoetan biltzen dituen robot paraleloa aurkezten da. Horretarako, mekanismo paralelogramoen artearen egoera egin da, haiei buruzko informazioa lortzeko asmoz, batez ere, Pa eta Pa2 -ei buruz. Robot paraleloak Manipulatzaile Paraleloen Analisi eta Diseinurako Metodologia Orokorrarekin aztertuko dira. Metodo honen sarrera egin ondoren, adibide batekin praktikan jarriko da, kasu honetan Gough plataforma. Ondoren, bi Pa2-dun mekanismo aztertuko dira, CPa2R eta PPa2 mekanismoak. Amaitzeko, 3-PPa2 (45º) robot paraleloa zirkuitu itxien metodo sinplearekin aztertuko da, horrela, aukeratu egin dugun robot paraleloaren analisiarekin bukatzeko asmoz. 3-PPa2 (45º) robot paraleloa diseinatu ondoren, PPa2 mekanismoa AutoCAD-en eraikiko da, geroago 3D-tako inprimagailu batean inprimatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45241,2020-07-09,"Hot stamping is a current manufacturing process used to create automotive structural parts. This technique achieves parts with the required safety features, providing a reduction in the weight of them compared to traditional cold stamping methods.This project consists of the design of the manufacturing process of a component for a customer in the automotive sector. It designs the parameters of the components stamping. In addition, the most appropriate part materialand the machinery to be used are selected.All this is done by computer simulation, which makes easier the optimization of the production process. The results obtained are therefore studied by varying the parameters of the metal plastic forming processes, taking into account factors such as productivity and cost.","Beroko estanpazioa gaur eguneko prozesua da autoen egiturazkozatiakfabrikaziorako. Teknika honen bitartez eskatutako segurtasun ezaugarriak betetzen dituzten piezak lortzen dira,beren pisuaren murriztapen nabarmena izanda hotzezko estanpazio metodo tradizionalekin konparatuz.Proiektu hau, automobilgintzako sektoreko bezero batentzako osagai batenfabrikazio prozesuaren diseinuan datza. Osagaiaren estanpazio parametroak bertandiseinatzen dira. Gainera, pieza fabrikatzeko materialik egokiena eta erabiltzeko makineria aukeratzen dira.Hura guztia ordenagailu bidezko simulazio bidez egiten da, zeinak produkzio prozesuaren optimizazioa errazten du. Beraz, produktibitatea eta kostua kontuan izanda, metalen konformatu plastikoarenprozesuenberezko parametroak aldatuz, lortutako emaitzak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67774,2024-05-08,"The profession of social educators is essential in many areas. This also generates an obvious workload for the educators. This workload, the working conditions and the situations that can arise in everyday life can generate anxiety in the educators. This study will analyze the relationship between the profession of social educators in different fields of work and their anxiety. Furthermore, thanks to the voices of the educators, proposals to combat anxiety will be presented.","Gizarte hezitzaileon lanbidea hainbat arlotan ezinbestekoa da. Horrek ere lan karga nabari bat eragiten die hezitzaileei. Lan karga horrek, lan baldintzek eta egunerokotasunean sor daitezken egoerak antsietatea sor dezake hezitzaileongan. Ikerketa honen bidez, alor desberdinetako gizarte hezitzaileen lanbidearen eta hezitzaileek duten antsietatearen inguruko harremana aztertuko da. Horrez gain, hezitzaileen ahotsei esker, antsietateari aurre egiteko proposamenak aurkeztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19720,2016-12-01,"The aim of this Project is to analyse the measure about energy efficiency that have been taken in a medical centre. In order to reach this aim, it will analyse the different ways to reduce the energy demand. In addition, it will introduce a geothermic installation as a way of using renewable energy sources. This project will help complying with the request of the European regulation 2010/31/UE. In this regulation it obliges to all public buildings to be Nearly Zero Energy Buildings. Moreover, the Basque Country decree 118/2015 of sustainability obliges to the new public buildings to cover for at least 70% of all its energy demand by renewable energy. To verify the compliance of this decree it will be calculate both the total energy demand of the institution and the energy provided by the geothermic installation. Finally, an economic study will be done to analyse the viability of the project.","Proiektu honen helburua osasun zentro batean efizientzia energetikoari dagokionez hartutako erabakiak aztertzea da. Horretarako martxan jarri daitezkeen aukera desberdinak aztertu egingo dira efizientzia energetikoari dagokionez. Gainera, energia berriztagarri bezala energia geotermikoa erabiltzea proposatuko da, baita eguzki energia ere. Proiektu honen bitartez Europako 2010/31/UE araudi betetzera aurrerapauso bat da, dokumentu honen arabera eraikuntza publiko guztiek ia zero kontsumokoak izan behar dira 2108ko abenduaren 31etik aurrera. Baita ere Euskal Autonomi Erkidegoko iraunkortasunaren dekretua 118/2015, honen arabera eraikin berrien energiaren %70a energia berriztagarrietatik etorri behar da. Dekretu honen helburua bete den edo ez aztertzeko zentroaren eskari energetikoa kalkulatuko da eta geotermiak emandako energiarekin alderatuko da. Azkenik, proiektuaren errentagarritasunaren analisia egingo da, honen bideragarritasuna aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29406,2018-10-30,"This document is part of the MotoStudent challenge in which the team of the Engineering School of Bilbao will be taking part, where a competition motorcycle has to be presented in order to compete with other universities from around the world. In order to do so, it is of upmost importance to have an appropriate management of the engine which includes: turning it on and optimizing its operation. In order to turn it on, an electric system has to be prepared with different elements and sensors, all of which are connected alongside the engine to a programmable switchboard. To optimize the operation of the engine, its map has to be turned with the switchboard and the job carried out in a power bank. The competition encourages innovation and because of it a project that has no precedents has to be developed.","Aurrean daukagun gradu amaierako lana, eskolako taldea MotoStudent erronkari aurre egiten dion parte bat da, non lehiaketa motor bat aurkeztu behar den munduko gainontzeko unibertsitateekin lehiatzeko. Horretarako, motorraren kudeaketa egokia izatea ezinbestekoa da, barne hartzen du: motorra martxan jarri eta bere funtzionamendua optimizatu. Martxan jartzeko beharrezko da sistema elektriko bat egitea elementu eta sentsore desberdinekin, hauek guztiak, control-unitate progamagarri batenbidez kontrolatuz motorraren ondoan. Motorraren funtzionamendua optimizatzeko mapak afinatu egiten dira kontrol-unitateari eta proba-banku lanari esker. Lehiaketak berrikuntza sustatzen du, beraz, ohikoarekin apurtzen duen proiektua garatu behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14012,2015-01-16,"We had proposed a teachers' book to be developed in Basque in which the students can get a better knowledge of each other so that through a good comunication, negotiation and understanding they can create strong interpersonals bonds. All this would create a warm atmosphere in the class where all the students -Roma and not Roma- feel respected and appreciated, which would also guarantee the best evolution of the language and would boost the students’ interest for this second language.","Elkarrizketan, negoziazioan eta elkar ulertzean oinarritutako pertsona arteko harremanen sorrera sustatzeko ikasleen arteko elkar ezagutzean sakontzen duen gida didaktikoa, euskara saioetan garatuko dena, proposatu da. Horren ondorioz, ikasleak (ijitoak eta ez ijitoak) errespetatuta, aintzatestuta, eta baloratuta sentituko diren gelako giro egokia sortuko da. Horrek bigarren hizkuntzaren garapena eta ikasleen artean hizkuntzarekiko interesa pistea bermatuko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17648,2016-03-16,"The main issue of this End-of-Degree Essay is to carry out an analysis of the participation of families in an inclusive school, focusing on Infant School. To achieve this aim, a research has been done in an Ikastola in Bilbao. The focus of this study is to analyze the level of participation and the chances the families have at school to get it, in order to know and understand more closely that involves. A qualitative methodology has been used through this study carrying out analyzed documents, interviews and surveys. After analyzing the information gathered through these techniques, it has been compared with the theoretical part to draw the conclusions of the investigation. Finally, having the conclusions into account, a proposal of improvement has been developed.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek eskola inklusibo batean familiek duten parte hartzea aztertzea du helburu, Haur Hezkuntzako etapara mugatuz. Horretarako Bilboko Ikastola zehatz batean ikerketa bat egitea erabaki da. Azterketaren ardatza zentro horretan familiek daukaten parte hartze maila eta aukerak zelakoak diren hurbiletik ezagutzea eta ulertzea izan da. Ikerketan erabilitako metodologia kualitatiboa izan da, dokumentuen analisiak, elkarrizketa zuzenak eta inkestak aurrera eramanez. Teknika horien bitartez lortutako informazioa aztertu ostean, marko teorikoarekin alderatu egin da, ikerketaren ondorioak ateratzeko. Amaieran, ondorioak kontuan izanik hobekuntza proposamen bat aurkeztu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36557,2019-11-27,"English: This document contains a proposal about the usage of a solar-photovoltaic installation to carry out energy self-consumption in the Engineering School of Bilbao (ESB). In particular, the possibility of avoiding the use of batteries while doing the self-consumption will be analysed. The installation that has been chosen for this study does now belong to the EVE and it is located in the roof of the ESB, but in the future the ESB will be its owner as it was arranged. Consequently, this project is really interesting as it studies some of the possibilities the ESB will have when they acquire the mentioned solar installation.","Euskera: Dokumentu honek Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan (BIE) energia autokontsumoa egiteko instalazio solar-fotovoltaiko baten erabilpena proposatzen du. Kasu honetan, bateriak erabiltzen ez dituen autokontsumo mota ikertuko da. Proposamen honetan kontsideratuko den instalazioa BIE-ren teilatuan dago eta gaur egun EVE-re propietatea da, baina etorkizunean BIE izango da bere jabea adostu zuten bezala. Beraz, proposamen hau oso interesgarria da EIB-ek instalazioaren jabea denean izango dituen aukeren batzuk analizatzen dituelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47719,2020-11-04,"ABSTRACT Planned in the framework of the final dissertation for the Master’s degree in industrial engineering with a specialized field in structures and construction, this project consists in performing the calculations and the design of the closure and cover for the shed 1 annex spaces of Metallo Spain S.L.U, a Berango based company. Metallo S.L.U is a company from Biscay the activity of which focuses in product treatments with copper and tin content for the production of black copper and tin welding. The said producing process does not generate any waste. Environmental managing systems in the plant are awarded with the ISO 14001 certificate. This action aims to protect stocked material from air currents during their handling and transfer to the smelting. Warehouse #1 currently has a 2626.25 m2 surface area for raw material stocking. The project will consist in the interior compartmentalization and closure of nearby transit areas in order to nullify dust residual emissions. This solution satisfies the following criteria: - Closure of the area located between the warehouse and D-6 deposit, which has an action surface of 669.05 m2. - Covering of the courtyard of a 287.55 m2 surface. - Interior compartmentalization of 581.65 m2 of the existing warehouse. The plant is located in an industrial area. The intervention surface is inside the enclosure and does not involve any roads or public spaces.","LABURPENA Egiturak eta eraikuntza espezialitateko ingeniaritza industrialeko master amaierako proiektu honen xedea, Berangon kokatuta dagoen Metallo Spain S.L.U. enpresaren nabe 1 eranskineko espazioen kalkulua eta diseinua garatzea da. Metallo S.L.U., bizkaiko enpresa bat da, eztainu eta kobre dituzten produktuak tratatzen dituena, kobre beltza eta eztainuzko soldadura lortzeko helburuarekin. Produkzioko prozesu honek ez ditu hondakinak sortzen. Plantaren ingurumena kudeatzeko sistemak ISO 14001 ziurtagiria dute. Enpresaren helburua lan honekin, bertan gordeta dauden materialak manipulatzerakoan aire korronteen aurrean eta burdinolara garraiatzerakoan babestea da. 1 biltegia 2626,25 m2 ditu, lehengaien biltegiratzeari dedikatua. Modu honetan, barneko konpartimentazioa eta espazioen itxieren ondorioz, hondar hauts-isurketak ezabatzea lortuko da. Lanak ondorengoak izango dira: - D-6 gordailua eta biltegiaren arteko espazioaren itxiera, 669,05 m2-ko jarduteko azalera. - Patioaren estaltzea, 287,55 m2-ko azalera. - Jadanik dagoen biltegiaren 581,65 m2-ko barneko konpartimentazioa. Enpresa ingurune industrialean kokatuta dago. Lan eremua instalazioen barruan eta beraz, errepide edo espazio publikoei ez die eragiten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19887,2016-12-19,"The following document presents a proposal for a bachelor’s thesis on Sustainable Urbanism, in particular, of economical areas. Nowadays there are several problems on the planet due to the high level of pollution in cities, the exhaustion of resources and the contamination of flesh water, forests, atmosphere etc. Therefore, it is necessary for humans to make some changes in the methods used to manufacture products, in the techniques implemented on building new constructions or simply the manner of designing an industrial area, with the purpose of being more sustainable. This document contains the ways and means of how it is possible for people to achieve this.","Hurrengo dokumentuak Hirigintza Iraunkorra Graduko amaiera lan proposamena aurketan du, bereziki, gune ekonomikoen diseinuari dugukionez, zehazki ekoizpenekoak. Gaur egun, planetan hainbat arazo direla eta kutsadura maila altua dela eta, baliabideak agortzea haien erabilera okerra dela eta urgeza, basoak harietako, atmosfera, etab. Beraz, beharrezkoa da gizakiarek erabilitako metodoak aldatzea, produktuak fabrikatzeko, eraikuntzan aplikatuko teknikoak edo, besterik gabe, gure ekonomikoak diseinatxeko eran, garrera iraunkorra izateko asmoz. Dokumentu honek, sortutako egoera azaltzen du eta pertsonak jarrera berri hori hartzeko metoduak bilatzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72744,2025-02-13,"The present work focuses on the implementation and training of a bilingual Artificial Intelligence language model capable of solving questions of the medical Médico Interno Residente (MIR) exams with a variable number of possible answers, using state-of-the-art techniques from Natural Language Processing and Deep Learning. Based on previous research in this task, the experimentation of this work has a solid knowledge base for training the models. In contrast to previous research, the models developed in this work receive information solely through examples of MIR exams without consulting any external information sources. The language models developed in this work are able to learn the singularities of the MIR exam questions. To this end, different model architectures capable of answering exam questions with a variable number of possible options are proposed by modifying architectures from previous research. By making use of exam sets in Spanish and English, the developed models in this project demonstrate a bilingual capability to answer these exams. This contrasts with most of the models developed to date in this type of task, which use only English.","Lan honek Adimen Artifizialeko hizkuntza-eredu elebidun bat garatzea eta entrenatzea du helburu, Barne Mediku Egoiliarra (BAME) medikuntza azterketa galderen erantzun posible kopuru aldakor bat ebazteko gai izango dena, Hizkuntza Naturalaren Prozesamenduaren eta Ikasketa Sakonaren artearen egoerako teknikak erabiliz. Ataza honen inguruan aurretik egindako ikerketetan oinarrituta, lan honen esperimentazioak ezagutza-oinarri sendoa du ereduak entrenatzeko. Aurreko ikerketetan ez bezala, lan honetan sortutako ereduek BAME azterketen adibideen bidez soilik jasotzen dute informazioa, kanpoko informazio-iturrietan kontsultatu gabe. Lan honetan garatutako hizkuntza-ereduak gai dira BAME azterketetako galderen berezitasunak ikasteko. Horretarako, azterketetako galderen erantzun kopuru aldakor bati erantzuteko gai diren eredu arkitektura desberdinak proposatzen dira aurretiazko ikerketen arkitekturak moldatuz. Gaztelaniazko eta ingelesezko azterketa-multzoak erabiliz, proiektu honetan sortutako ereduek azterketa horiei erantzuteko gaitasun elebiduna dute orain arte garatutako eredu gehienetan ez bezala, ingelesa bakarrik erabiltzen dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29500,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is to introduce the reader into SDN (Software Defined Networking) and to remark everything that involves cybersecurity in that area, specially regarding Industry 4.0. After showing the importance of these networks nowadays, next step is to examine the problems that can occur in services and infrastructure around it. When it comes to the ""controller"", which is one of the most crucial parts of these kind of systems, the goal is to try different software and to identify their suitability in terms of security. Furthermore, simulating various situations will help to document the outcome, which will define if the project is successful and the value of the process.","Proiektu honen helburua irakurlea SDN (Software Defined Networking) arloan sartzea da eta horri dagokion zibersegurtasunean sakontzea, bereziki industria 4.0-ri dagokionez. Gaur egun sare hauek duten garrantzia aurkeztu ondoren, hurrengo pausoa sare hauen inguruko zerbitzu eta azpiegituretan sor daitezkeen arazoak aztertzea izango da. Kontroladoreari dagokionez, helburua software desberdinak ikertzea, frogatzea eta segurtasunaren arloan bakoitzaren egokitasuna ikustea izango da, sistema hauetako atal garrantzitsuena baita. Gainera, egoera erreal batzuk simulatuko dira ondorioak justifikatu eta dokumentatzeko, horrek definituko baitu proiektuaren arrakasta eta prozesuaren balioa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17671,2016-03-16,"The aim of this paper is to carry out a partial diagnosis of a project in a Private School of Biscay. From all the principles brought up by the methodology, the selected one has been “Communication among Ikastola, families and community”. The corresponding information it is been gathered by means of a semi-structured interview addressed to parents and to professional members of the institution. On the basic of a system of category there have been removed several results, where important needs could be identified. Although, many participants have coincide in a high percentage regarding aspects, it could be observed how age, language, and lack of time can affect directly both the communication with the school and degree of participation in it. Lastly, once identified the needs, it is been proposed a design of an intervention in order to improve communication.","Lan honen helburua, Bizkaiko Ikastola batek, bi urte aurrerago jarritako metodologia berritzaile baten diagnostiko partziala burutzea izan da. Metodologiak ezarritako printzipio guztietatik, “Ikastola, familiarekin eta komunitatearekin komunikazioan” printzipioa hartu da. Diagnostikoa burutzeko, elkarrizketa erdi estrukturatuaren bidez informazioa bildu da, eta ondoren, kategoria sistema baten bitartez emaitzak atera. Emaitza hauetatik, ikastolako kideen eta gurasoen esperientziak alderatu dira beharrizanak identifikatuz. Parte hartzaileen artean orokorrean bat etorri badira ere, adina, hizkuntza eta denbora ezak eragina dutela ondorioztatu da komunikazio eta parte hartze egoki bat mantentzerako orduan. Azkenik, beharrizanak esku artean izanda, esku hartze baten diseinua proposatu da behar hauei erantzuteko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/8996,2005,A critical review is carried out of the main historical-archaeological contributions made over the last fifteen years around the ancient and mediaeval history of the historical quarter of Getaria and its surrounding area.,Joandako hamabost urteetan Getariako alde zaharrean eta bere inguruan Antzinaroko Historiaz eta Erdi Aroaren Historiaz eginiko ekarpen historiko eta arkeologiko garrantzitsuenen berrikuspen kritiko bat egiten da. https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36855,2019-12-12,"SUMMARY This End of Degree Project consists of desgning the sheet of machining processes of a speed reducer shaft. Firstly, the material of the shaft, the machine in which it will be operated and the necessary tools for the process have been selected. Afterwards, the cutting parameters have been obtained both by the on-line catalog and by the physical catalog for all the operations and the results have been compared. Finally, this information has been included in the process sheet.","LABURPENA Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua abiadura erreduktore baten ardatzaren prozesu orria diseinatzea da. Horretarako, ardatzarentzat erabiliko den materiala, prozesua aurrera eramango duen makina eta erreminta egokiak aukeratu dira. Ondoren, prozesuen ebaketa parametroak lortu dira bai on-line katalogoarekin eta baita katalogo fisikoarekin ere eta emaitzak konparatu egin dira. Azkenik prozesu orrian informazio hau irudikatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53964,2021-11-22,"In this era of Industry 4.0, customer demand for product customization has led to more flexible manufacturing processes. For this reason, advances in Industry 4.0 technologies have led to the concept of the Digital Twin gaining recognition within the manufacturing industry. It can be defined as virtual replicas of real processes and/or machines that simulate their behaviour. With technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), they make it possible to model Digital Twins to simulate assets in real time and increase the efficiency of industrial processes. In this sense, this document presents the methodology carried out for the virtual and real modelling and implementation of the Digital Twin of a flexible robotic cell within an intelligent environment. The steps followed for the Twin modelling performed in the Tecnomatix Process Simulate V16.0.1 engineering tool are described. Subsequently, the design of the control program and the HMI interface as a supervision system are detailed. Afterwards, a debugging of the programs and the Twin is carried out by means of the virtual commissioning with the distributed Software in the Loop (SiL) architecture. Once the correct operation has been verified in a virtual way, the real commissioning of one of the stations of the cell is carried out.","Industria 4.0-ren garai honetan, produktuak pertsonalizatzeagatik bezeroek egiten duten eskariak eragin du fabrikazio-prozesuak malguagoak izatea. Hori dela eta, Industria 4.0 teknologietan izandako aurrerapenen ondorioz, Biki Digitalaren kontzeptua manufaktura-industriaren barruan aintzatespena hartzen joan da. Prozesuen edota makina errealen portaera simulatzen duten erreplika birtualak dira. Gauzen Internet (IoT) bezalako teknologiekin Biki Digitalak modelatzea ahalbidetzen dute denbora errealeko aktiboak simulatzeko eta prozesu industrialen eraginkortasuna handitzeko. Zentzu honetan, dokumentu honek inguru adimentsu baten barnean robotizatutako zelula malgu baten Biki Digitalaren modelatze eta honen inplementazio birtual eta errealerako gauzatutako metodologia aurkezten du. Tecnomatix Process Simulate V16.0.1 ingeniaritza-tresnan egindako Bikia modelatzeko jarraitu diren urratsak deskribatzen dira. Ondoren, kontrol-programaren diseinua eta HMI interfazea gainbegiratze-sistema gisa zehazten dira. Ondoren, programak eta Bikia araztu egiten dira, Software in the Loop (SiL) arkitektura banatuarekin modu birtualean martxan jarriz. Modu birtualean behar bezala funtzionatzen duela egiaztatu ondoren, zelularen estazioetako bat errealitatean martxan jartzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20223,2017-01-11,"The aim of this project is analyzing and evaluating the differences between evaluating the resilience of a SDN network in a virtualized environment, and doing it in a real one. To achieve this target, firstly a network topology common for both environments will be described. After that, the network will be deployed in both scenarios, and network measures will be done. These measures will be performed by some measurement tool. Once the results have been compiled, they will be analyzed, trying to figure out the differences between the real and virtualized scenarios. Thus, a report about the reliability of doing this type of studios in virtualized environments will be done, comparing to doing it in real network environments.","Lan honen helburua honako hau da: sare birtualizatu baten eta sare erreal baten artean erresilientzia ikertzean egon daitezkeen ezberdintasunak aztertzea. Helburu hau burutzeko, lehendabizi sare-topologia bat deskribatuko da, bi egoeratan (erreal zein birtual) berdina izango dena. Ondoren, bi sareen zabaltzea egingo da, eta bi sareetan neurriak egingo dira, datu-pakete injekziorako tresnaren bat erabiliz. Emaitzak jaso eta gero, emaitza horien azterketa egingo da, bi egoeren artean egon litezkeen ezberdintasunak identifikatuz. Horrela, mota honako ikerkuntzak ingurune birtualizatu batean egitearen fidagarritasunari buruzko informe bat egitea posible izango da, ingurune erreal batekin konparatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32229,2019-03-29,"Ingles: In the last decades, the increase in environmental awareness has highlighted the need for cleaner energies. This ongoing energy transition seeks to drastically reduce emissions of pollutants. In the automotive sector, this involves a higher implementation of electric vehicles. In the coming decades we will experience an exponential growth in the production and commercialization of 'clean' vehicles. The electric vehicle works with a traction electric machine that requires knowing the angular position of the rotor in a precise way, in order to be able to carry out an accurate and efficient control of the system. The resolver is the most used measuring device to fulfil this function. The resolver is a robust sensor for rotary feedback that is commonly used in harsh environment situations where safety is critical and in applications where precision and high resolution over position and/or speed is needed. To increase the reliability and effectiveness of this type of systems, it is necessary to have a fault detection scheme that monitors the correct operation of the resolver and thus guarantees the safety of the components of the electric vehicle and its passengers. This Project has been focused on the design, modelling and simulation of the resolvers fault detection algorithm. For this purpose, the Matlab / Simulink software has been used and once the functionality has been validated, the algorithm has been implemented and validated using the XilinX System Generator for its future application in a high-speed digital device, such as an FPGA.","Euskera: Azken hamarkadetako ingurune kontzientziaren hazkundeak energia garbiagoak sustatzeko beharra agerian utzi du. Abian jarri den trantsizio energetikoak kutsadura eragileen isurketak murriztea du helburu nagusia. Horrexegatik autogintzan kotxe elektrikoak gero eta gehiago garatu eta ekoizten ari dira. Ibilgailu elektrikoak trakzio motor bat darabil eta honek errotorearen angelu kokapena zehazki ezagutzea eskatzen du uneoro, sistemaren kontrola egoki eta eragingarri izan dadin. Helburu hori betetzeko resolver-a da neurgailurik erabiliena. Segurtasun une kritikoetan erabili ohi den kokapen sentsore sendoa da resolver-a. Motorreko torkearen kontrola zehatza eskatzen duten aplikazioetan, kokapenaz eta abiaduraz, erresoluzio handiko informazioa ematen du. Dispositibo hauen fidagarritasuna eta eraginkortasuna handitzeko, akatsak igertzeko detektorea jartzen da, ibilgailu elektrikoaren segurtasuna bermatzeko. Akatsak igertzeko algoritmoaren eredua finkatu eta simulatu da gure proiektuaren muina. Horretarako Matlab/Simulink sofwarea erabili dugu. Behin eraginkortasuna egiaztatu ondoren. XilinX System Generator-ren bitartez algoritmoa balidatu eta abian jarri dugu. Geroan abiadura handiko dispositibo digital batean jartzeko, FPGA batean kasu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14382,2015-02-10,"Taking into account the great development in wind energy experimented nowadays, assuming an important percentage of the total electric power installed, which is increasing every year, the adequacy of technical requirements of this technology to minimize the impact in electric grid has become a priority. To take advantage of the environmental profits that are offered by wind as an energy source, the alternatives to improve the performance against gusts of wind and voltage sag must be studied. This document includes a description about the three different generator technologies, including the problems caused by voltage dips and the performance of the machine when there is a variation in wind velocity. The way of operation and the efficacy of these possible solutions that exist nowadays are checked out to minimize the impact of wind’s energy drawbacks in the electric grid and the quality of electric supply, applying computer simulations.","Gaur egun energia eolikoak izandako hazkunde nabarmena dela eta, instalatutako potentziaren gero eta portzentai handiagoa suposatuz, sare elektrikoan duen eragina murrizteko bete behar dituen baldintza teknikoak zehaztea lehentasuna bihurtu da. Haizeak energia iturri gisa dituen ingurumen-abantailak aprobetxatzeko, haize leherketen eta tentsio hutsen aurrean duen portaera hobetzeko aukerak aztertu behar dira. Dokumentu honetan, era labur batean, hiru aerogeneradore teknologia ezberdinen deskribapena aurkezten da, honekin batera haien arazoak tensio hutsen aurrean eta haien portaera haize abiaduraren aldaketekin ere azaltzen dira. Era berean, euren funtzionamendu modua simulazioen bidez konprobatzen da. Baita, gaur egun energia eolikoaren arazoek sarean duten impaktua minimizatzeko eta horniketa elektrikoaren kalitatea bermatzeko gai diren ere egiaztatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25359,1999,"The beginning and the end of the juridical order is the human being. The Law is, therefore, the positive order of the community life on the postulates of justice, security and common wellfare. In this way, the Law and Society are inseparable terms of a binomial that can’t be disintegrated. By means of this assertion, it is made an analysis of the fundamental rights and a study of the jursiprudence in this matter of the penal court of the Supreme Court.","Ordenamendu juridikoaren hasiera eta bukaera pertsona da. Zuzenbidea beraz, ordenazio positiboa, justizia, seguritatea eta ondasun komunen giza bizitzaren ordenazio positiboa da. Zuzenbidea eta gizartea bereiztu ezinak dira. Hau esan eta gero, oinarrizko eskubideen azterketa bat egiten da, Auzitegi Goreneko bigarren sailera iristen diren arazo garrantzitsuenen laburpen bat eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14763,2014-12-30,"The paper tries to clarify the concept of functional administrative duplication, distinguishing it from the concurrences and the inefficiencies, and proposes a selective approach when addressing them. After identifying the critical areas for the occurrence of administrative duplications and inefficiencies, the paper examines the legal instruments available to avoid them assessing their effectiveness in income and spending public policies. The paper also analyzes recent legislative initiatives (the Municipality Law and the law on Basque public administration) which show significant changes in the internal institutionalization and government relations, assessing its innovations and shortcomings as a tool to overcome the administrative duplications","Lan honek hausnarketa batzuk jaso ditu gure erakunde sarearen funtzionamendua eraginkorragoa bihur dadin zenbait neurri aztertuz. Bikoizkeriaren kontzeptua argitze aldera konkurrentziak eta efizientzia eza desberdintzen dira, jokabide selektiboa planteatzen delarik horiei aurre egiteko. Bikoizketak sortzen diren eremu nagusien gaineko azterketa egin eta beren zergatiak aztertu ondoren, bikoizketak ekiditeko ditugun tresnak agertzen dira, nahikoak ote diren aztertuz eta proposamen berriak eginez. Lan honek zenbait lege proposamen berri aztertzen ditu (bereziki Euskadiko udal legea eta Erkidegoko Administrazioari buruzkoa) bereziki erreparatuz bikoizkerien aurka egiteko tresna eraginkorrik jaso ote dituzten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75421,2025-11-05,"This work analyses the current state and future challenges of textile waste management in Spain within the framework of the Law 7/2022, which mandates the establishment of a selective textile collection system by 2025. Through the analysis of data on the textile fraction in municipal solid waste and the modelling of scenarios up to 2050, the potential environmental impact of different management strategies is assessed, considering both population growth and increased textile consumption. The results show that selective collection, combined with measures for reuse, recycling, and extended producer responsibility, can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions associated with the textile life cycle. Specifically, a 31% reduction in GHG emissions from waste treatment and up to a ninefold increase in the potential for GHG emission savings linked to selective textile collection are estimated when comparing the continuity scenario with the intensive scenario, in a context of increasing consumption. However, reducing consumption remains the most effective measure to minimize the sector’s environmental impact.","Lan honetan Espainiako ehun-hondakinen kudeaketaren egungo egoera eta etorkizuneko erronkak aztertzen dira, 7/2022 Legearen testuinguruan, zeinak 2025a baino lehen ehunen bilketa selektiboaren sistema bat ezartzea derrigorrezkoa egiten duen. Hiri hondakin solidoetan dagoen ehun-frakzioari buruzko datuen azterketaren eta 2050era arteko agertokien modelizazioaren bidez, kudeaketa-estrategia desberdinek ingurumenari eragiten dioten inpaktu potentziala ebaluatzen da, bai biztanleriaren hazkunde-testuinguruan, bai kontsumoaren igoeraren testuinguruan. Emaitzek erakusten dute bilketa selektiboak, berrerabilpen-, birziklatze- eta ekoizlearen erantzukizun zabalduaren neurriak lagun dituela, ehunen bizi-zikloari lotutako BEG emisioak nabarmen murriztu ditzakeela. Zehazki, kalkulatzen da hondakinen tratamendutik eratorritako BEG isuriak % 31a murriztuko direla, eta ehunen gaikako bilketari lotutako BEG isuriak aurrezteko potentziala bederatzi aldiz handituko dela, jarraitutasun-egoera agertoki intentsiboarekin alderatzean, kontsumoa handitzen den testuinguru batean. Hala ere, kontsumoa murriztea da, oraindik ere, sektorearen ingurumen-inpaktua minimizatzeko neurririk eraginkorrena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19522,2016-11-14,"The end-of-degree project arising then aims to contribution to a research project through the analysis of the influence of fabrication errors on the accuracy of a XY stage for nanopositioning stage. This project is a line of research promoted by the University of the Basque country and business EGILE CORPORATION XXI group, specialized in the manufacturing of components and high precision machining. The XY stage which is going to work is a flat mechanism that generates XY movements as a result of the deformation of its elements. Final precision is achieved will depend on the geometric precision that was manufactured. For the realization of this present work is part of initial design and through the introduction of a series of errors in manufacturing, will seek to measure and observe its influence on the performance of the mechanism through the analysis with finite element software. The tasks to be carried out are the following: obtaining the initial part geometry, import of the dimensions obtained from initial geometry to MATLAB to create them there. Once done, the errors will be introduced in the manufacturing process and on this basis it will generate. Finally, we will make a FEM analyses of the piece manufactured by ANSYS software.","Ondoren aurkezten den Gradu Amaierako Lanaren objektua ikerketa proiektu baten inguruan nanokokapen mekanismoak XY etapan izan ditzakeen fabrikazio akatsen analisian datza. Proiektu hau Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateak eta EGILE CORPORATION XXI, osagaien fabrikaziora eta xehetasun handiko mekanizazioa eskaintzen duen enpresa-taldeak sustatutako ikerketa esparruaren barnean aurkitzen da. Landuko den XY etapa, XY mugimenduak sortzen duen mekanismo lau bat da, bere elementuen deformazioaren ondorioz. Azkenean lortutako xehetasunak fabrikazioan erabilitako xehetasun geometrikoaren ondorio izango dira. Lan hau burutzeko hasierako diseinu baten oinarrituko gara, fabrikazio akatsak burutuz, mekanismoaren ezaugarriak hauen ondorioz kuantifikatu eta behatzeko aburuarekin. Honetarako software mehe bat erabiliko da. Proiektua burutzeko ondorengo ekintzak burutuko dira: osagaiaren hasierako geometria lortuko da eta lortutako parametroak MATLABrea pasatuko dira. Behin MATLABen, fabrikazio akatsak sartuko dira, osagaiaren parametro berri batzuk lortuz. Azkenik, ANSYS software-a erabilita berriki sortutako osagaiaren MEF analisi bat burutuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16346,2015-12-04,"Following the current and in order to improve energy situation, two years ago came into force in Spain the law that forces an energy certification of homes to being sold or rented. Thus it contributes to the objectives set by the EU for 2020. The project is divided into three main sections. The first and the most extensive, is to perform the certification of housing. Second, the most controversial point is detected; energetically speaking, housing and improvements will be explored. Finally an economic study of the same will be held.","Egungo egoera energetikoa kontuan izanik eta hobetzeko helburuarekin, duela bi urte Espainian martxan jarri da lege bat behartzen duenak etxebizitza bat saltzeko edota alokatzeko ziurtagiri energetikoa izatea. Modu honetan EB-k 2020. urterako finkatu dituen helburuak betetzeko bidean jartzen da. Proiektua hiru atal nagusitan banaturik dago. Lehena eta luzeena, etxebizitzaren ziurtagiri energetikoa lortzean datza. Bigarrenean, etxebizitzan energetikoki ahulenak diren puntuak detektatuko dira eta hauen hobekuntzak proposatuko dira. Azkenik hobekuntza horien ikasketa ekonomikoa burutuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23286,2017-07,"The aim of this project is the study of the existing anonymization techniques for in-formation data bases and their application to Big Data scenarios and the study of Ma-chine Learning algorithms to automate those and optimize those techniques. The tech-niques try to protect the confidentiality of the published data bases, through the suppre-ssion or generalization of sensible attributes. It is of great concern the protection of the vast information generated nowadays. During the project it will also be codified a tool for making possible an automatic easy anonymization of data bases, using Big Data tech-niques. Finally, is intended to test the tool.","Proiektu honen helburua gaur-egun anonimizaziorako existitzen diren teknikei bu-ruzko ikasketa bat egitea da, Big Data ingurunean duten aplikazioa ikusteko. Publikatzen diren datu-baseen konfidentzialtasuna babesteko helburua dute teknika horiek, ezauga-rri nabarmenak orokortuz edo ezabatuz. Aldi berean Machine Learning algoritmoei bu-ruzko ikasketa bat egingo da, anonimizazio teknika horiek automatizatzeko eta horien eraginkortasuna handitzeko. Gaur egungo gizarteak sortzen dituen datu kantitate izuga-rriak babestea oso garrantzitsua da. Era berean, anonimizazio lana era automatikoan egingo duen tresna bat kodetuko da, aurreko teknikak erabiliz. Azkenik, tresna horren funtzionamendua eta abiadura probatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14400,2015-02-12,"The final grade project that has been developed in this document consists on the realization of a graphic interface that allows analyzing the precision, in the measurements of harmonics and interharmonics in voltage and current electrical signals, of different techniques that seek the synchronization of the sampling frequency with the fundamental frequency. Different techniques to estimate the fundamental frequency and different techniques of resampling that are applied to analytic signals of which fundamental frequency and harmonic content is known are studied. These processing techniques have as an objective to improve the measurements of the harmonic content by decreasing, through the synchronization of the sampling frequency, the error that is made due to the spectral dispersion that is caused by the windowing of signals.","Dokumentu honetan garatu den gradu amaierako lanak laginketa maiztasuna eta funtsezko maiztasunaren sinkronizazioa bilatzen duten tekniken prezisioa analizatzea , tentsio eta korronte seinale elektrikoen harmonikoen eta interharmonikoen neurketetan, ahalbidetzen duen interfaze grafiko baten garapena du helburu. Funtsezko maiztasuna estimatzeko teknikak eta seinale analitikoetara, non bere eduki harmonikoa baita funtsezko maiztasuna ezagunak dira, aplikaturiko birlaginketa teknikak aztertuko dira. Prozesatzeko teknika hauek eduki harmonikoen neurketetan hobetzea dute helburu, laginketa maiztasunaren sinkronizazioaren bitartez seinaleen leihoketak eragiten duen espektroaren dispertsioarengatik errorea gutxituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53952,2021-11-22,"This study analyzes the effect of soil-structure interaction on the behavior of underground structures has low coverage in urban sites during the implementation phases. In this work an analytical model based on the equations of elastodynamics was developed to study the effect of foundation vibrations on the dynamic response of a low galleries covertures. In the same context a digital three-dimensional finite element model with absorbing boundaries is proposed for the analysis of the effect of soil structure interaction on the dynamic response of the foundation-gallery system during the implementation phase. The displacement response is obtained by taking the product of the function of the exciting force by the transfer function of the amplitude of displacement. The foundation rests on a compressible soil above a gallery. The absorbent border are located in order to avoid the reflection of the waves. The results are presented in terms of vertical and horizontal displacement and impedance.","Ikerketa honek lurzoru-egitura elkarreraginaren eragina aztertzen du eraikuntza faseetan hiri guneetan estaldura txikia duten lurpeko obren portaeran. Lan honetan, ekuazio elastodinamikoetan oinarritutako eredu analitikoa garatu da fundazioen bibrazioek estaldura ahula duten galeriaren erantzun dinamikoan duten eragina aztertzeko. Testuinguru berean, mugak xurgatzen dituzten elementu finituen hiru dimentsiotako zenbakizko eredua proposatzen da lurzoruaren egitura elkarreraginak zimentazio-galeria sistemaren erantzun dinamikoan eraikuntza faseetan duen eraginaren analisia egiteko. Desplazamendu erantzuna indar eragilearen funtzioaren eta desplazamenduaren anplitudea transferitzeko funtzioaren produktua hartuz lortzen da. Oinarria galeria baten gainean lur konprimigarri baten gainean jarria. Xurgatzaileen mugak ezartzen dira olatuen isla saihesteko. Lortutako emaitzak inpedantzien eta desplazamendu bertikal eta horizontalen arabera aurkezten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37150,2019-12-20,"Abstract: SanidApp is a system aimed at patients and healthcare professionals to improve their communication and organization. This application has been developed to carry out joint actions between professional-professional and patient-professional, in addition to offering a wide range of job information about health experts, as well as the possibility of sending messages between their users. This document covers all the phases of the project Communication System and Personal Organisation in a Healthcare Institution. First of all, it presents the previous planning to the accomplishment of the project. Second of all, the capture of requirements, the design and the development are analyzed, what is the most extensive part. Finally, it finishes with the tests, conclusions, which includes a personal reflection on the experience lived during the project, and the future work.","Laburpena: SanidApp paziente eta osasun-profesionalen antolaketa eta komunikazioa hobetzeko zuzenduta dagoen sistema da. Aplikazio hau profesionalen eta pazienteen arteko jarduerak egiteko garatuta dago. Gainera, osasun-jakitunen informazio-laborala ikusteko eta aplikazio erabiltzaileen artean mezuak bidaltzeko aukera ematen du. Dokumentu honek Osasun-Enpresa baten Komunikazio eta Antolakuntza Sistema proiektuaren atal guztiak biltzen ditu. Proiektuaren aurretiko planifikazioa aurkezten da, ondoren proiektuaren eskakizunak, diseinua eta garapena aztertzen da, parte hau luzeena izanda. Amaitzeko, probak eta ondorioak aztertzen dira, honen barruan proiektuaren garapenean izandako esperientziaren gogoeta pertsonala egiten da, baita etorkizunerako lanari buruzkoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20151,2017-01-10,"Nowadays, early defibrillation is the most efficient therapy to improve survival of victims of cardiac arrest caused by fibrillating rhythms. The automated external defibrillator (AED) was developed by the medical industry, to be placed in strategic locations so that laypersons with minimal training would be able to promptly help victims of cardiac arrest. The AED is a health device that analyzes the patient’s electrocardiogram (ECG) and has the ability to detect ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT), which are lethal ventricular rhythms; it is a device that digitally processes the patient’s’ ECG. In emergency services, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation are the two fundamental actions. The chest-compressions during CPR are essential, however, they create interferences in the ECG. Besides that, in an emergency situation experts and non-experts do their work in a whirlwind of stress and prompt care, with high nervousness and with little time to make a diagnosis. The aim of this work is, to create a software management platform that using the annotations of three different doctors (as recommended by the American Heart Association – AHA) helps analyzing and studying one by one the patients’ registers, which consist of the ECG and impedance (TTI, Thransthoratic impedance) signals; in that way, we contribute to the development of a method that improves the difficulties that existing AED’s have to detect defibrillable rhythms and to improve the care of hospitals’ and emergency services, in order to increase the survival of cardiac arrest victims.","Desfibrilazio goiztiarra erritmo fibrilagarrien ondorioz bihotza gelditzen zaien biktimen biziraupenerako kontrolik eraginkorrena da gaur egun. Medikuntza industriak kanpoko desfibrigailu automatikoa (KDA) garatu zuen, hauek leku publiko estrategikoetan kokatzeko, eta gutxienezko entrenamendua duten pertsonek bihotz-biriketako gelditzea jasaten duten biktimak berehala lagundu ahal izateko. KDA-ak pazientearen elektrokardiograma (EKG) aztertu eta fibrilazio bentrikularra (FB) zein takikardia bentrikularra (TB), hots, bentrikulu-erritmo hilgarriak, detektatzeko gaitasuna duen osasun gailua da, pazienteen EKG-a digitalki prozesatzen duen gailua alegia. Larrialdi zerbitzuetarako oinarrizko bi ekintzak bihotz-biriketako berpiztea (BBB) eta dagoeneko aipatutako desfibrilazio goiztiarra dira. Beharrezkoak diren BBB-aren bular-sakadek, ordea, interferentziak sortzen dituzte EKG-an. Horrez gain, larrialdi egoera hauen aurrean adituak diren zein ez direnek tentsio handi eta berehalako arreta baten menpe lan egin behar dute, urduritasun handia izanik eta diagnosiak egiteko denbora handirik izan gabe. Hori dela eta, lan honek duen helburu nagusia EKG eta baita inpedantzia (TTI, Thransthoratic impedance) seinaleetan oinarriturik paziente ezberdinen erregistroak bananbanan aztertzen eta analizatzen laguntzen duen software kudeaketa plataforma bat eratzea da, American Heart Association-ek (AHA) gomendaturik hiru mediku ezberdinen anotazioak kontuan harturik ere; horrela, gaur egungo KDA-ek desfibrilazioak hautemateko dituzten zailtasunak hobetzen duen metodoa aurkitzeko ikerketa sustatu nahi da eta ospitaleetako eta larrialdi zerbitzuetako arreta are gehiago hobetu, bihotz-biriketako gelditzea jasaten duten biktimen biziraupena handituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24259,2017-09,"The aim of this final degree project is to design an activation system for a flexible mechanism. For this purpose, it will be needed to analyze de previously obtained datum of movement, forces, velocities and acceleration to select the maximum capacities of the elements that will be selected to perform the project. By the same time, a large analysis of alternatives will be carried out, taking into account which are the brands and the different types of elements available in the market, for afterwards select which are the ones that best adapt to the specifications. Finally, a research will be done to select a free software program which can perform the control of the mechanism, in a way in which it does not require any licence or only a free one. With all the data, a diagram of the electric connexions will be done and a budget will be calculated in order to manufacture the prototype.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, mekanismo malgu batentzako eragite sistema baten diseinua da. Horretarako, mugimendu, indar, abiadura eta azelerazio datu batzuetatik abiatuta, proiektuan aurrera eramateko erabili beharko diren ezaugarriak zehaztu beharko dira. Era berean, alternatiben analisi zabal bat aurrera eramango da, kontutan harturik zeintzuk diren merkatuan aurkitu daitezkeen fabrikatzaile eta materialak, gerora begira, ezarritako eskakizunei gehien hurbiltzen zaien elementuak aukeratu ahal izateko. Azkenik, mekanismoaren kontrola aurrera eramatea ahalbideratuko duen software aseko programa desberdinen ikerketa bat egingo da, hau da, lizentzia gabeko edo dohainek lizentzietako programak. Lortutako datu guztiekin, muntaia elektrikoaren eskema bat egingo da eta aurrekontu bat aurkeztuko da prototipoaren fabrikazioari ekiteko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36585,2019-11-27,"In the following final degree project, the procedure followed to manufacture mechanical fuses for an electrical discharge machine is described. Moreover, various manufacturing methods are analyzed, showing the advantages and disadvantages of each of them. Furthermore, the methodology followed when identifying the original material as the one followed to obtain its mechanical properties are described. Different materials are examined and the one that best suits the requirements is selected. The purpose is to manufacture functional mechanical fuses at a lower cost using the tools available in the workshop.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan elektrohigadura makina batek erabiltzen dituen fusible mekanikoen ekoizte prozedura deskribatzen da. Bertan, ekoizpen metodo ezberdinak zehaztuko dira bakoitzaren abantaila eta eragozpenak aztertuz. Gainera, jatorrizko materialaren identifikazio prozesua garatzeko erabilitako metodologia azalduko da, ala nola bere propietate mekanikoen eskuratze prozesua. Modu honetan, material ezberdinak aztertuko dira makinaren beharrizanetara hobeto moldatzen dena aukeratuz. Lan honen xede nagusia tailerrean eskura ditugun erremintak erabilita fusible mekaniko funtzionalak ekoiztea da, ahalik eta kostu txikienarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16320,2015-12-03,"In this project the calculus of metallic column bases is done in its different configurations taking into account the axil stress, shear stress and bending moment and the actual regulations. After that, a software is created where easy and intuitively it can be known if the predimensions are valid.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan zutabe metalikoen oinarrien kalkulua egiten da haien konfigurazio ezberdinetan, esfortzu axialaren, ebakitzailearen eta momentu makurtzailearen arabera, gaur eguneko araudian oinarrituz. Honen ondoren, software bat egiten da, non era errez eta intuitibo batean, oinarriaren aurredimentsionamendua egokia den jakiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/35526,2019,"The Santa Isabel painted paper factory of Vitoria was founded in 1846 and, even if did not have a long production life, it became one of the most relevant artistic crafts establishments of the Basque Country at the time. It was designed following French factories, equipped with modern machinery and qualified workers, producing a great variety of quality painted paper. Unfortunately, it could not overcome foreign competitiveness as well as the tax burden over raw materials and prepared products, which prompted a quick demise.","Gasteizko Santa Ixabeleko paper margotuen lantegia 1846an sortu zen, eta nahiz eta oso bizitza luzea ez izan, Euskal Herriko artisau-enpresa garrantzitsuenetariko bat izatera ailegatu zen. Frantziarren erara diseinaturik, makina modernoei eta langile gaituei esker kalitate eta eredu askotariko paper margotuak egin zituen. Zoritzarrez,ez zen gai izan atzerriko konpetentziari eta lehengaien eta produktuen gaineko presio fiskalari aurre egiteko. Hau guztia dela eta, fabrika laster desagertu zen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50161,2021-02-12,"Death is an inescapable element of life, but society does not talk about it. Although it is part of our lives, schools do not address the issue of death. In order to deal with this situation, this End-of-Degree Project has been created. Throughout the project, opinions have been gathered from different experts and authors on grief, the stages of grief, the manifestations of grief and the pedagogy of grief. An intervention is proposed based on the contributions of experts, with the aim of presenting what death and mourning are and to alleviate the mourning generated by death. Finally, a little research has been done in a school. Although most infants have experienced some death, it has not been treated at school. If the school educates for life, it must also deal with death, since it is part of life.","Heriotza bizitzaren osagai saihestezina da, baina gizartean ez da horri buruz hitz egiten. Gure bizitzaren atala den arren, eskoletan ez da heriotzaren gaia jorratzen. Egoera horri aurre egiteko, Gradu Amaierako Lan hau sortu da. Lanean zehar aditu eta egile ezberdinen iritziak jaso dira doluari, doluaren faseei, doluaren adierazpenei eta doluaren pedagogiari buruz. Adituen ekarpenen arabera eskuhartze bat proposatu da, heriotza eta dolua zer diren aurkezteko eta heriotzak sortutako dolua arintzeko helburuarekin. Bukatzeko, eskola batean ikerketa txikia egin da. Haur gehienek heriotzaren bat bizi izan duten arren, ez da eskolan landu. Eskolak bizitzarako hezten badu, heriotza ere landu behar du, bizitzaren atala baita." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14701,2015-03-03,"We live in a knowledge-based society and the importance of information inside the enterprise has brought new advances in research and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). Therefore, if the enterprises do not want to lose competitiveness, they have to manage the information systematically. Accordingly, the technological watch is becoming more and more relevant, since it is a system that obtains, stores and transmits information. But the effect of this system is limited by the resources used. In addition, this limitation is more important regarding SMEs, the ground of the business network in the Basque Country, where the resources are minimum and have to compete with larger enterprises. In order to face this situation, 2.0 tools, which require minimum costs and time, are presented. Thus, this paper aims to study the situation of the technological watch in the SMEs of the Basque Country and set out technological solutions that adapt to its needs, all in the framework of the 2.0 tools.","Ezagutzaren gizartean aurkitzen gara eta informazioak enpresa munduan hartu duen garrantziak garapen berriak ekarri ditu bai ikerketan bai informazio eta komunikazio teknologietan (IKT). Beraz, enpresek informazioa era sistematiko batean kudeatu beharra dute ez badute lehiakortasuna galdu nahi. Egoera honetan, zaintza teknologikoak paper garrantzitsu bat betetzen du informazioa lortzeaz, gordetzeaz eta transmititzeaz arduratzen den sistema baita. Baina sistema honen irispena mugatuta egongo da erabiltzen diren baliabideengatik. Gainera, muga hori garrantzi handiagoa hartzen du ETEtan, Euskal Herriko ekonomia-ehunaren oinarria, non baliabideak minimoak diren eta enpresa handiagoekin lehiatu behar diren. Egoera honi aurre egiteko, 2.0 tresnak aurkezten dira, zaintza teknologikorako baliagarriak diren tresnak, kostu eta denbora minimoak eskatzen dituztenak. Horrela, lan hau Euskal Herriko ETEtan zaintza teknologikoaren egoera aztertzera eta bere beharretara egokitzen diren soluzio teknologikoak planteatzera zuzenduta joango da, 2.0 tresnak oinarri moduan daudela." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14301,2015-01-29,The project consists on the study of the validity of a code based on the panelling method.Its purpose is limit the range of application of the method.,"Egin dudan proiektua taulen metodoan datza, oinarritutako kode bateko baliotasunaren ikerketan. Helburua kodearen aplikazio maila mugatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29501,2018-10-31,"In this project, a user-friendly, simple and interactive software application is developed. The application models the thermal behaviour of double skin sheet-metal façades based on its building facts and external environmental conditions. The programming language used for developing the application is Visual Basic.NET, and compiled using the Microsoft Visual Studio integrated development environment. The mathematical model applied by the application to model the façade is based on a model developed and published by the research group “Sostenibilidad, Construcción y Materiales”. The group implemented the model on some Matlab® scripts, which are the base of the development of this application.","Proiektu honetan software aplikazio sinple eta interaktibo bat garatzen da. Aplikazioak, fatxadaren izaera konstruktibo- eta eguraldi baldintzetatik abiatuta, metal xafla zulatuko azal bikoitzeko fatxada baten portaera termikoa modelatzen du. Aplikazioaren garapena Visual Basic.NET programazio hizkuntza erabiliz burutzen da. Kodea konpilatzeko, Microsoft Visual Studio garapen ingurune integratua erabiltzen da. Fatxada modelatzeko erabiltzen den eredu matematikoa “Sostenibilidad, Construcción y Materiales” ikerkuntza taldeak garatu eta argitaraturiko ereduan dago oinarritua. Ikerkuntza talde horrek, garaturiko eredua Matlab® softwarearekin erabiltzeko bi funtzioetan idatzi zuen. Funtzio horiek dira aplikazio honen garapenerako oinarria." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26811,1995,"From the perspective of Criminology and Victimology, some questions with a particulary interest in recent documents of European Council (1995) and of the United Nations (1994) about rights of persons appertaining to a minority are expounded.","Kriminologia eta Biktimologiaren ikuspegetik, gutxiengoen eskubideei buruzko Europako Kontseilu (1995) eta Nazio Batuetako (1994) Agiri berrietan agertutako interes berezizko gaiak aztertu egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27915,2012,"Throughout the last century the study of the rock art has changed significantly thanks to the contribution of cutting edge studies and it has come a long way since the first studies on rock art. This paper provides a brief overview of the input that the neurological and cognitive sciences have done to the field. Subsequently the involvement of the new technologies in the recording of the rock art is considered, focusing on the benefits of their application in relation to the preservation of the cultural heritage as well. Finally a case of study from the Susa Valley, in the western part of Italy, is presented. The preliminary results introduced here are the outcome of a georeferencing campaign, realized thanks to the GIS technology, on 13 engraved panels included in the rock art site of the Rochemelon. The location and the distribution of the former is discussed in relation to other three similar cases in the same region.","Azken mendean zehar labar-artearen ikerketa modu adierazgarrian aldatu da, batez ere, ekarpen berritzaileei esker, eta bide luzea ibili da labar-artearen lehenengo ikerketak egin zirenetik. Artikulu honek alor honetan zientzia neurologiko eta kognitiboaren ekarpenaren ikuspegi orokor eta labur bat eskaintzen du. Geroago, teknologi berrien garapena labar-artearen erregistroan gogoan hartzen da, baita bere erabilpenak kultur ondarearen babespenean duen onuretan arreta jarri ere. Azkenik, Italiako mendebaldean dagoen Susa Haranean burututako ikerketa kasu bat aurkezten da. Hemen aurkezten diren aurretiazko emaitzak geo-erreferentzia kanpainaren ondorioak dira, Geografia-informazioko Sistemaren teknologiari esker sartu diren Rochemelon aztarnategian dauden grabatutako hamahiru taula. Azken hauen kokalekua eta antolamendua eskualde bereko beste antzeko hiru kasuekin duten erlazioa eztabaidatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16439,2015-12-11,"The editor of this project is the student named Pello Intxausti Rodriguez from the Faculty of Engineering in Bilbao. The study of different joints of plywood for the same difficulty is this project about. For that, we have to build one Warren called truss (Figure 3) to study the strains and commutes joinned with economical aspects in order to get the best solution. We outset describing the conflict. The location of the truss mentioned before, the climatology and topographical exam are part of this description. Then, we will resume looking at some different solutions and the last part will consist in achieving which solution fits best in terms of economy and work of the joint.","Proiektu honen idazlea Bilboko Ingeniaritza Goi Eskola Teknikoko ikaslea den Pello Intxausti Rodriguez da. Lan honetan, egur laminatuzko lotura desberdinek nolako jarrera erakusten duten arazo berdinaren aurrean aztertuko da. Horretarako, Warren erako zertxa bat eraikiko da (Irudia 3), eta esfortzuen ikasketa zein materialen aukerak kontuan izanda, soluzio onena zein den behatuko da. Arazoa deskribatuz hasiko gara. Aurretiaz aipatutako zertxaren lokalizazioa, klimatologia edo topografia hasierako atal hauetan kokatzen dira. Soluzio desberdinen behaketari ekingo diogu ondoren eta giltzadura eraginkorrena lortzea izango da azken pausua, aspektu ekonomiko zein giltzadurak egindako lana analizatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73241,2025-05-07,"Experts stress the need to incorporate scientific practices in science teaching, such as modelling. Therefore, this paper presents an innovative didactic proposal to teach the human interaction function in primary education. Using modelling as the main tool, contextualized activities were designed to promote a meaningful understanding of the process. The proposal was implemented in a group of 13 fifth year students and the results were qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. The results show that the expressions of the models built at the end of the activities are more complex. However, there are difficulties to transfer some knowledge and represent the processes in drawings. The findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed methodology to improve the understanding and interest of students in the human interaction function.","Zientzien irakaskuntzan praktika zientifikoak txertatu beharko liratekeela esaten dute adituek, besteak beste, modelizazioa. Hori dela eta, lan honek proposamen didaktiko berritzailea aurkezten du, lehen hezkuntzan gizakien erlazio funtzioa irakasteko. Modelizazioa tresna nagusi gisa erabiliz, testuinguruan kokatutako jarduerak diseinatu ziren, prozesuaren ulermen esanguratsua sustatzeko. Proposamena bosgarren mailako 13 ikasleko talde batean ezarri zen eta emaitzak kualitatiboki eta kuantitatiboki ebaluatu ziren. Emaitzen arabera, jarduera-sekuentziaren amaieran eraikitako modeloen adierazpenak konplexuagoak dira. Hala ere, zailtasunak daude ezagutza batzuk transferitzeko eta prozesuak marrazkietan irudikatzeko. Aurkikuntzek azpimarratzen dute proposatutako metodologiaren eraginkortasuna, ikasleek gizakien erlazio funtzioan duten ulermena eta interesa hobetzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23133,2017-07,"This Final Degree Project is based on getting the machining process sheet of a non-return valve. It is based on the design and the fabrication process of a piece. This non-return valve is thought to be part of a heater. For that, this type of valves requirements have been analysed. It has been designed and manufacturing process has been raised. Then, through CAD and CAM software, design and machining operations have been determined to get the piece in a machining centre with numerical control, getting useful knowledge of this programs. This work has been carried out the Engineers School of Bilbao, under the supervision of Naiara Ortega Rodriguez, Design and Mechanical fabrication department’s teacher.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau atzeraezeko balbula baten fabrikazio prozesu orria lortzean oinarritzen da. Piezen diseinu eta fabrikazio prozesuan oinarritzen da. Atzeraezeko balbula hau erradiadoreen parte izateko pentsatuta dago. Horretarako, balbula mota hauek eskatzen dituzten baldintzak aztertu dira. Diseinua lortu da eta izango duen fabrikazio prozedura planteatu da. Hau egin ostean, CAD eta CAM softwareen bitartez diseinua eta mekanizazio eragiketak zehaztu dira ondoren zenbakizko kontroldun makina batean pieza hori lortzeko, software hauen maneiu ezagutza barneraturik. Lan hau Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan egin da, Diseinu eta Fabrikazio Mekanika saileko Naiara Ortega Rodriguez irakaslearen gidaritzapean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37067,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the aim of the thesis is to analyse the execution and operation of a limestone quarry in the municipality of Gobantes (Burgos), located in the proximities of Medina de Pomar. During this thesis, a study of the operation area and its proximities has been undergone. The operation of the limestone quarry will be carried out through a descending benching using perforation and blasting techniques. Security in the operation has been set as a priority in order to design the quarry, establish the benefits and the mobile machinery used to undertaken the perforation, load and transport labours. The end of the project will be the extraction of enough limestone to supply a cement plant in the surroundings. Finally, an economic study of the operation has been performed as to demonstrate the viability of the Project.","Laburpena: proiektuaren egitea Gobantes-eko (Burgos) udalean Caliza-ko harrobi bateko ustiapena, Pomar-en Medina hurbiltasunetan kokatuta. Proiektu honetan bai lehertzeko zonako baita ere inguruneko ikerketa egin da. Kareharri harrobiaren ustiapena egingo da bitartez “banqueo” naiz beheranzkoa zulaketako eta leherketako teknika erabiliz. Segurtasuna lehentasun bezala ustiapenean izanez, diseinatu da harrobia, etekineko ezarpena eta, garraio, zulaketa lanak eta karga burutzeko makineria mugikorreko. Proiektuaren helburua zementu-fabrika hurbilerako kareharri nahikoko erauzketa izango da hornitzeko. Azkenik, beraren bideragarritasuna frogatzen duen proiektuaren ekonomia-azterketa egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31767,2019-02-28,"In the second cycle of Infant Education (3-6 years) the class meeting is of an extraordinary importance. Besides giving a chance to work on abilities and values, it helps the child develop both socially and cognitively. During these meetings, it is the child who must lead and guide the activity, but the teacher can use some strategies to keep it on the right track. The goal of this End-of-Degree Project has been to systematically observe the four years-olds´ meetings in order to identify and examine the strategies used by the teacher and bring into light the evolution they might have undergone. After examining it thoroughly, it can be concluded that an effective meeting must be driven by pedagogic goals and create an adequate dynamic: along with the respect to everyday tasks and children´s desires, there must be a mutual and respectful hearing-and-answering atmosphere.","Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloan (3-6 urte) asanbladek berebiziko garrantzia hartzen dute, hainbat gaitasun eta balore lantzeaz gain, haurrari sozialki eta kognitiboki garatzen laguntzen dietelako. Horietan haurrak izan behar dira protagonistak eta haiek gidatu jarduera, baina irakasleak zenbait estrategia izan ditzake asanblada bide onetik eramateko. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua lau urteko haurren gelako asanblada sistematikoki behatzea izan da; hau da, irakaslearen estrategiak identifikatzea eta aztertzea, eta baita denboran zehar horien bilakaera azaleratzea ere. Azterketa sakona egin ostean, ondoriozta daiteke asanblada eraginkorra izateko, helburu pedagogikoek gidatu behar dutela, dinamika egokia sortuz: haurren nahien eta egunaren zereginekin batera, elkarri errespetuz entzun-erantzun." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29294,2018-10-23,"This thesis presents a simulation and validation of the Oscillating Water Column principle used to extract energy from ocean waves. A complete model of a wave travelling through a canal was developed on the open-source platform OpenFOAM. The numerical results of the simulation are validated with a real-life setup built ad-hoc at the Engineering School in Bilbao. The model represents a wave travelling through an open canal. At the beginning of the experiment, a water column is confined at one end. At the other end, a partially submerged chamber, open at the bottom, is placed. When the wave travels from one end to the other, the air inside the chamber is pushed upwards, thus generating pressure. Previously characterized diaphragms measure the subsequent flow of air, and the equivalent power that would be generated by a turbine is determined. Computer Fluid Dynamics is already an everyday tool in computer-assisted engineering. Its capabilities to simulate all sorts of phenomena and flows make it indispensable in the design process of a variety of branches in industry. The objective of this work is also to delve into the possibilities offered by the software OpenFOAM.","Lan honetan Ur-Zutabe Kulunkaria (OWC) deritzon teknologia aztertzen da. Olatuen energia aprobetxatzeko teknologia hau lehenengo OpenFOAM software librearekin simulatu egin da eta emaitza numerikoak prototipo batekin baliozkotu dira. Emaitza enpirikoak lortzeko saiakuntzak ad-hoc eraikitako kanal batean burutu dira Bilboko Ingeniari Eskolan. Garatutako saiakera kanal batean zehar hedatzen den olatu bat da. Hasieran, kanalaren mutur batean ur-zutabe bat atxikita dago. Beste muturrean ganbara bat kokatzen da, zeinen hondoa irekita dagoen eta uran murgilduta. Atxikitako ura askatzean olatua kanalean zehar hedatzen da, ganbararen barrura sartuz eta bertan dagoen airea konprimituz. Presio honek sortzen duen indarra hodi batean irakurriko da. Aurretik bereizitako diafragma ezberdinekin probak egingo dira eta turbina batek erdituko lukeen potentziaren kalkuluek lana borobiltzen dute. Fluidoen Dinamika Konputazionala (CFD) ordenagailu bidezko ingeniaritzan egunerokotasunaren atal dira dagoeneko. Hamaika fenomeno eta fluxu simulatzeko aukera eskaintzen dute teknika hauek. Arrazoi honengatik ezinbesteko erreminta bilakatu dira edozein diseinu prozesuan. Lan honen helburua ere bada, OpenFOAM software librearen gaitasunetan murgiltzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54039,2021-11-23,"Astronomical observation is a field that presents several challenges. A common problem in all telescopes is the defects induced by using electronic components. The detectors, both CMOs and CCDs, influence the images due to their temperature, this defect requires a processing called dark processing in reference to the dark current that generates noise in the image. On the other hand, optical elements and filters deform the image, which requires another processing called flat. In addition, in terrestrial telescopes, the problem of atmospheric turbulence is added, which means that the images require processing techniques to correct the defects that it adds to them. In this project, improvements are made within the PLAYLIST environment developed in the IDL language. The aim of this program is to improve astronomical images by processing them. A series of improvements have been developed in the individual processing of darks and flats that allow the program to be automated. In addition, several other aspects have been tweaked and a few extra functionalities have been added. This set of changes makes PLAYLIST a tool that allows to process astronomical images in relatively short times.","Behaketa astronomikoa hainbat erronka aurkezten dituen eremua da. Teleskopio guztietan gertatzen den arazoa osagai elektronikoen erabilerak eragindako akatsak dira. Detektagailuek, CMOs eta CCD-ek, tenperatura dela-eta eragina dute irudietan. Akats honek Dark izeneko prozesamenduaren beharra dauka, irudien zarata sortzen duen iluntasun korronteari erreferentzia eginez. Bestalde, lurreko teleskopioetan atmosferako turbulentziaren arazoa gehitzen da. Arazo haiek guztiek, irudien tratamendu teknikak eskatzen dizkie denak zuzendu ahal izateko. Proiektu honetan IDL hizkuntzan garatutako PLAYLIST ingurune barruan hobekuntzak egiten dira. Programa honen helburua irudi astronomikoak hobetzea da, horiek prozesatuz. Programaren automatizazioa ahalbidetzen duten banakako Dark eta Flat prozesamenduan hainbat hobekuntza garatu dira. Horretaz gain, funtzionalitate gehigarri batzuk gehitzeaz gain, beste zenbait alderdietan aldaketa txiki batzuk egin daitezke Aldaketa multzo horri esker, PLAYLIST denbora nahiko laburrean irudi astronomikoak prozesatzeko aukera ematen duen tresna da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14393,2015-02-11,"The current document is composed of the report and appendices of a Final Project Work called ""Analysis of the Chest Release During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Manikin"", which presents the achieved objectives, how they have been achieved and the work done to achieve them. Feedback devices to aid Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation provide online information about the quality of the delivered chest compressions. The objective of this project is to improve the quality parameters of feedback devices. On the one hand, research is conducted on the precise calculation of the chest compression depth, and several methods exploring different alternatives are analysed. On the other hand, research is conducted on a feedback parameter that notifies (such as an alarm system) whether full chest recoil occurs, using a complementary force sensor for this purpose.","Dokumentu honek ""Panpinan Egindako Bihotz-Biriketako Berpizte Maniobran Bularra Bere Onera Bueltatzearen Analisia"" izena duen Gradu Amaierako Lanaren memoria eta eranskinak biltzen ditu. Bertan, lan horren bitartez lorturiko helburuak, horiek nola lortu diren eta burutu ahal izateko egin beharreko pausuak aurkezten dira. Bihotz-biriketako berpizterako berrelikadura gailuek berpizte maniobren kalitateari buruzko informazioa momentuan ematen dute. Proiektua berrelikadurarako laguntza gailuen parametroen kalitatea hobetzeko ikerlan bat egitera bideratuta dago, zehazki bularra bere onera bueltatzen den jakiteko metodoen azterketan sakontzen duelarik interesa duelarik. Alde batetik, benetako sakoneraren kalkulu zehatzari buruzko ikerketa bat egiten da, horretarako aukera ezberdinak aztertuz, metodo desberdinen analisia eginez. Bestetik, berrelikaduran zehar bularra bere onera bueltatzen den ohartarazteko (esate baterako, alarma sistema baten bitartez) parametroan egiten da ikerketa, horretarako indar sentsore gehigarri bat erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23295,2017-07,"The new Terrestial Digital Video Broadcasting service known as DVB-T2 will improve the spectrum efficiency in order to allow broadcast transmission of Ultra High Definition Television (UHDTV). Thus, more data will be transmitted in the same bandwidth. On the other hand, the H.265 video coding is going to reduce the bitrate requirements for HD and 4K making them viable to be diffused. To take advantage of this characteristics, in this project it will be analysed the transition of the DTV transmission structures in the radio station of GANETA (managed by ITELAZPI) to the future digital format DVB-T2 as well as the restructure of the canal services.","DVB-T2 bezala ezaguna den LTDko zerbitzuaren estandar berriak espektro efizientzia hobetzea lortu du, besteen artean, difusio zerbitzuetan Ultra High Definition Television (UHDTV) ahalbidetuz. Horrekin, banda zabalera bera erabilita informazio gehiago igortzeko aukera dago. Beste alde batetik, H.265 bideo kodifikazioak HD eta 4K formatuek behar duten datu kopurua jaitsiko du horien difusioa erraztuz. Abantaila horiek guztiak aprobetxatu nahian proiektu honetan GANETA (ITELAZPIk kudeatua) irrati komunikazioen zentroko LTD transmititzeko egituretan etorkizuneko formatu digitalerako, DVB-T2-rako, trantsizioa aztertuko da; bertan dauden kanalei dagozkien zerbitzuen berregituraketa egiteaz gain." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26997,1996,"In October 1984 a Course about ""Drug presence and effects in currend society"" was developed, José Luis L. Aranguren participated and analysed the problem of drug dependence from the ethical point of view. Together with the introduction to the Course carried out by Antonio Beristain, the report of Aranguren and the subsequent colloquy are presented.","1984. urteko urrian ""Drogaren presentzia eta ondorioak gaurko gizartean"" gaiari buruzko Kurtso bat antolatua izan zen. Aipatutako Kurtsoan parte hartu zuen José Luis L. Arangurenek, etikazko ikuspegitik drogomenpekotasunaren arazoa aztertu zuena. Antonio Beristainek Ihardunaldiei egindako sarrerakin batera. Arangurenen ponentzia bildu eta ondoren izandako solasa azaltzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67782,2024-05-08,"The main objective of this Final Degree Project is to find out whether social transformation has been and is the objective of Social Education on which the socioeducational intervention in Residential Foster care Resources in Bizkaia is based. It has been taken as a reference the historical background of Social Education in Bizkaia and its progress in child protection, as well as the importance of Critical Pedagogy in the intervention carried out in Residential Foster Care resources. Regarding methodology, we have resorted to qualitative research methodology, through which, by conducting and analysing four structured interviews with social educators working in different entities, we have sought to investigate the role that social transformation plays in the socio-educational interventions of these residential care resources.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia izan da Bizkaiko Egoitza-harrerako baliabideetan abiatzen diren gizarte- eta hezkuntza-arloko esku-hartzeak Gizarte Hezkuntzaren gizarte-eraldaketaren printzipioan oinarritu diren ezagutzea. Erreferentzia gisa Gizarte Hezkuntzak Bizkaian izan duen ibilbide historikoa eta haurren babesaren arloan izan dituen aurrerapenak hartu dira, bai eta Pedagogia Kritikoak egoitzaharrerako baliabideetan egiten den esku-hartzean izan duen garrantzia ere. Metodologiari dagokionez, ikerketa kualitatiboa erabili da. Metodologia horren bidez, entitate desberdinetan lan egiten duten gizarte-hezitzaileei egituratutako lau elkarrizketa egin eta aztertu dira, eta gizarte-eraldaketak egoitza-harrerako baliabide horien gizarteeta hezkuntza-arloko esku-hartzeetan duen zeregina aztertu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52056,2021-06-28,"The main objective of the present work is to examine whether access to public employment for civil servants and ordinary employees in Spain is given under equal conditions. To do this, the requirements for access to public service are analyzed, as well as other relevant issues for equal opportunities, such as motherhood and temporary nature, observing, in each case, whether discriminatory circumstances occur. To carry out the research, a study of the regulations on the principle of equality in the access to public employment is accomplished, together with a doctrinal and jurisprudential analysis, both at the community and national level. The study carried out allows us to conclude that there are some dysfunctions in certain aspects of the selection criteria, which means that are not uncommon the cases in which the principle of equality in access to public employment is diminished.","Lan honen helburu nagusia Espainian funtzionarioek eta lan-kontratuko langileek enplegu publikorako sarbidea berdintasun-baldintzetan duten aztertzea da. Horretarako, funtzio publikoan sartzeko hautaprobetan eskatzen diren baldintzak aztertzen dira, bai eta aukera-berdintasunerako garrantzitsuak diren beste gai batzuk ere, hala nola, amatasuna eta behin-behinekotasuna, eta kasu bakoitzean diskriminazio-inguruabarrak gertatzen diren aztertzen da. Ikerketa egiteko, enplegu publikora iristeko eskubidearen berdintasun-printzipioari buruzko araudia aztertzen da, bai eta doktrinaren eta jurisprudentziaren azterketa ere, bai Europako erkidego mailan, baita estatu mailan ere. Egindako azterlanari esker ondoriozta daiteke hautapen-irizpideen alderdi jakin batzuetan disfuntzioak daudela, eta, beraz, ez dira hain salbuespenezkoak enplegu publikorako sarbidean berdintasun-printzipioa murriztuta duten kasuak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19493,2016-11-08,"This End of Grade work includes the Exergy analysis of a micro-CHP installation in the residential sector. Due to the high profitability that currently micro-CHP business has specialy in this sector, and the aim that exists to achieve more efficient facilities, it is very interesting to analyze the operation of an existing installation which uses this technology. The Exergy analysis is based on the second principle of the thermodynamics. Its application on the analysis of processes or systems let propose engineering improvements to them and make the resources utilization more efficient; because the Exergy is a property that defines the potential of useful work of a determined amount of energy in a certain specified state. Really the resources utilization, either energy or nor-energy, in a closed system, generates intrinsically the destruction of exergy. Consequently, in this work the exergy operation of the equipment of the micro-CHP installation is valued taking into account that, by the assessment of exergy losses, the potential improvements are easier identified being extremely useful in the optimization of the process, helping to reduce environmental impact in turn.","Grado Amaierako Lan honek, etxebizitza bateko mikro-kosorkuntza instalazio baten analisi exergetikoaren analisia hartzen du. Izatez, mikro-kosorkuntzako instalazioek sektore honetan duten errentabilitate onarekin baita instalazio efizienteagoak lortzeko dagoen xederekin ere, teknologia hau erabiltzen duen instalazio erreal baten ikasketa egitea zeharo interesgarria da. Analisi exergetikoa termodinamikaren bigarren printzipioan oinarritzen da. Printzipio honen aplikazioa prozesu zein sistemen analisian, honeen gainean hobekuntza proposamenak egitea eta baliabideen erabilera probetxuzkoagoa izatea ahalbidetzen du, exergiak energia kantitate batek duen lan gaitasun erabilgarria zehazten duen parametroa da eta. Izatez, energetikoak zein energetikoak ez diren baliabideen erabilerak exergiaren barne suntsiketa sorrarazten du. Hau dela eta, mikro-kosorkuntza instalazioa osatzen duten ekipamenduaren funtzionamendu exergetikoa ebaluatzen da, exergia galeren ebaluazioaren bidez prozesuaren optimizazioan lagungarri diren sistemaren hobekuntza posibleak identifikatzen baitira, eta era berean, ingurugiroaren gaineko inpaktua murrizten laguntzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29204,2018-10-22,"There are studies that support the analysis of samples of the heart rate as a method to diagnose several types of pathologies, such as cardiovascular diseases. From these samples it is possible to obtain one of the most rich and interesting physiological signals as it is the plethysmography signal. The proposal developed as a Degree Final Project is based on a previous work that was initiated within the framework of the course of ""Engineer Immersion Program Agreement"" signed between the EUITI (nowadays EIB) and the Cruces Hospital. This work consisted in the development of a wristband for the sampling of the plethysmography signal and its transfer via Bluetooth. In this project, that device was used for obtaining the samples. Once taken, they are parsed in a mobile application and displayed in a real time graph. When this process is finished, a record of the sample is uploaded to the cloud for its later analysis with the purpose of searching patterns that serve as indicatives for diagnosing the pathologies of each patient.","Bihotz-maiztasunaren laginen azterketa, gaixotasun ezberdinak aurkitzeko metodo bezala erabil daizteke, horrela bermatzen dute hainbat ikerketek. Lagin hauetatik, seinale fisiologiko oso interesgarria lor daiteke, seinale pletismografikoa hain zuzen. GrAL bezala garatu den proiektu hau, beste proiektu baten jarraipena da. Proiektu horrek, IITUE (Industria Ingenieritza Teknikoko Unibertsitate Eskola, gaur egun BIE –Bilboko Ingenieritza Eskola-) eta Gurutzeta Ospitalaren artean sinatutako Ingenieri Txertatze Programaren barnean sortu zen. Bere helburua, seinale pletismografikoaren laginak lortzea eta Bluetooth bidez bildaltzen zituen eskumuturreko baten garapena izan zen. Proiektu honetan, garatu zen eskumuturreko hori erabiliko da laginak lortzeko. Eta behin hauek lortu direla, aplikazio mugikor batean parseatu eta denbora errealean marrazten dira grafika dinamiko baten bidez. Prozesu hau bukatzean, parseatutako erregistro bat hodeira igotzen da. Ondoren, erregistro honen azterketa egingo da, gaixotasun ezberdinen adierazleak aurkitzeko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16281,2015-12-01,The following Bachelor Thesis titled 'Acoustic Modelling of the Interior of a High Speed Train' intends to make diverse acoustic analysis to the interior of high speed railway carriage. The main purpose will be to write a completely detailed user guide in order to work out these analysis without looking for additional information. The tools used for this project will be a CAD software such as Solid Edge ST6 or Catia V5 to make the designs and a finite element software like Ansys.,"Gradu Amaierako Lan hau 'Abiadura handiko trenaren barnearen eredu akustikoa' izenburupean, bagoian analisi akustiko ezberdinak osatzea du helburu. Helburu nagusia bada esandako azterketak egiteko erabil-gida zehatza eskaintzea, informazio gehiagorik behar gabe. Solid Edge ST6 edo Catia V5 CAD tresnak eta elementu finituen software ANSYS bezalako programak erabiliko dira problemari soluzioa aurkitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31976,2019-03-11,"In recent years, the consequences of climate change have become more notable, same as the fact that humans are mainly causing it. Greenhouse gas emissions areone ofthe most important factors, where 14 % of these gasesare generated due to transport emissions. For this reason, the development of electric vehicles is being promoted. A clear example of this isthe future prohibition laws that are being imposed on internal combustion vehicles (ICV). For electric vehicles (EV) to be viable, factors such as price, recharging points and limitation of autonomy must be taken into account. This end-of-degree project focuses on the latter.The calculation of the autonomy of theelectric vehicle is based on driving cycles. These define typical driving habits by speed versus time profiles, which subsequently will be applied to simulation models or power-adsorbing chassis dynamometers.In this project,a simulation platform to determine the electric vehicles autonomy is developed. In this model, the opportunity to simulate any driving cycle will be offered. In addition, knowing the mechanical parameters of the vehicle, it will be able to simulate the dynamics of the same. Apart fromthat, a battery model will be built to estimate the State-of-Charge. All this will be created with the Matlab / Simulink tool, to then be implemented in the propulsion system model developed by the APERT research team. In this way, a real-time simulation of a driving cycle will be offered, while the state of charge of the battery will be calculated","Azken urteetan nabariagoak egin dira klima aldaketaren ondorio izugarriak, eta gizakia gertakari horren erruduna dela ondorioztatu du zientziak. Alde horretatik, negutegi efektuko gasen emisioa horren eragile garrantzitsuenetarikoa da, eta hauen % 14ak garraioen emisio modura du jatorria. Hori dela eta, ibilgailu elektrikoaren garapenari bultzada handia ematen hasi zaio. Konbustio bidezko motorrak dituzten ibilgailuek (ICV) etorkizunean betatzeko legeak ezarri direla da honen adibide argia. Hala ere, ibilgailu elektrikoa (EV) bideragarria izan dadin, prezioa, elikadura-gune kopurua eta autonomia mugapena bezalako faktoreak kontuan izan behar dira. Hain zuzen ere, azken hau da lan honetan landuko dena. Ibilgailu elektrikoaren autonomiaren kalkulua gida-zikloetan oinarritzen da. Hauek gidatze ohitura tipikoak deskribatzen dituzte, denboraren menpeko abiadura-profil ezberdinez. Gerora, simulazio edota energia absorbitzeko dinamometro-txasis batean aplikatuak izateko. Proiektu honetan, ibilgailu elektrikoen autonomia lortzeko simulazio-plataforma bat garatuko da. Honetan, gida-ziklo ezberdinak simulatzeko aukera emango da. Gainera, ibilgailuaren parametro mekanikoak jakinik, bere dinamika simulatuko ahalko da ere. Horrez gain, bateriaren karga egoera lortzeko, ibilgailu elektrikoen bateria modeloa eratuko da. Guzti hau, Matlab/Simulink plataforman eraikiko da, gerora APERT ikerkuntza-taldean garatu den ibilgailu elektrikoaren propultsio-sistemaren modeloan inplementatzeko. Horrela, gida-zikloen araberako bateriaren kargaren joera aztertzeko aukera eskainiko da denbora errealeko simulazio bidez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25482,1997,"The figure of the Jurist-criminologist in prison has been discussed since its appearance in Spain. That is why it is presented an analysis of its historical evolution in penitentiary Law, its relation with the treatment conception prevailing in every moment, and the influence of all these questions on the report, aimed to the proposal of initial classification, which this professional gives.","Legelari-kriminologoak presolekuen eremuan duen eginkizuna ezbaian jartzen da figura hori Espainian sortu zenez gero. Horregatik, figura horrek historian zehar presolekuen antolamenduari loturik izan duen bilakaeraren azterketa, unean uneko tratamendu nagusiaren kontzeptuarekin duen erlazioa, eta profesional horrek hasierako sailkapen proposamenari begira ematen duen txostenean horrek guztiak duen eragina azaltzen zaizkigu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29488,2018-10-31,"In recent years, the depletion of fossil fuels and specially the contribution their use makes to social and environmental degradation, has made it clear that an in depth energy revolution is needed. This necessary and urgent transition from non-renewable and polluting energies to clean and sustainable energies is marked to a large extent by the transport sector, which is the leading cause of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, an exponential growth of the production and commercialization of electric vehicles, which have meant a significant technological revolution because they have replaced combustion engines with electrical engines that do not emit greenhouse gases, is taking place in the automotive sector. A fundamental part of an electric vehicle is the traction motor, which needs to know precisely and at any time the angular position of the rotor in order to be able to perform an appropriate and efficient control. Even though there are several alternatives to determine this angle, the resolver is the most commonly used measurement system to fulfil this purpose. A resolver is an analogic electromagnetic transducer used in rotative machines to measure accurately and with high resolution the angular speed and position of the rotor. It is the natural choice in harsh environments, such as, extreme temperatures, high vibration and shock, high radiation levels and pollutants like dirt, oil or fat, which are common in an electric vehicle. In the automotive industry it is common to use Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) tools to accelerate the development process of electronic systems on vehicles (generally Engine Control Units or ECUs). In those platforms, the plant to be controlled by said devices is simulated in real time. In this sense, it is necessary to emulate the behavior of the position sensors of the engines reliably. In view of the above, this project has focused on the modeling and simulation of the algorithm of a virtual resolver oriented to HiL applications. In order to do this, the Matlab/Simulink software has been used and after validating its functionality through standard Simulink blocks, the algorithm has been implemented and validated","Azken urteotan, erregai fosilak agortu izanak eta batez ere erregai hauek erabiltzeak dakarren degradazio sozial eta ingurumenaren degradazioak sakoneko iraultza energetikoa egitea ezinbestekoa dela ulertzera eraman gaitu. Energia ez berriztagarri eta kutsakorretatik energia berriztagarri eta garbietara doan premiazko bezain beharrezko trantsizio hau garraio gintzak eragindakoa da gehienbat; sektore hau baita berotegi-efektuko gas gehien isurtzen duena. Honengatik guztiagatik, automobilgintzan, ibilgailu elektrikoen produkzioan eta komertzializazioan hazkunde esponentziala ematen ari da; ibilgailu hauek gainera, iraultza teknologiko nabarmena eragin dute errekuntzako motorra gai kutsakorrik isurtzen ez duen motor elektrikoarengatik ordezkatu baitute. Ibilgailu elektrikoaren funtsezko piezetako bat trakziozko motorra da. Honek une bakoitzean errotorearen posizio angeluarra zein den zehatz-mehatz jakitea eskatzen du, kontrol egoki eta eraginkorra burutu ahal izateko. Angelu zehatza zein den jakiteko hainbat aukera dauden arren, resolver da funtzio hau betetzeko gehien erabiltzen den neurri-sistema. Resolverra makina birakariekin erabiltzen den transduktore elektromagnetiko analogikoa da eta errotorearen posizioa eta abiadura angeluarra ahalik eta zehatzen eta bereizmen handienarekin neurtzeko erabiltzen da. Muturreko tenperaturak, bibrazio handia eta txokea, erradiazio maila altuak… kasu arrotzak bezain ohikoak dira ibilgailu elektrikoetan eta zikinkeria, olioa edo koipea bezalako kutsatzaileen aurrean ere aukera naturala da. Automobilgintzaren industrian ohikoa da Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) erremintak erabiltzea ibilgailuetan sistema elektronikoen garapen prozesua azkartzeko (normalean Kontrolerako Unitate elektronikoak edo KUEak). Plataforma hauetan denbora errealean simulatzen da gailu hauek kontrolatu behar duten makina. Zentzu honetan beraz, motorren posizio-sentsoreen portaera forma fidagarrian berdintzea beharrezkoa da. Aurrez aipatutako guztia kontuan izanda, proiektu hau HiL aplikazioen gana bideratutako resolver birtual baten algoritmo baten modelazio eta simulazioan zentratu da. Horretarako, Matlab/Simulink softwarea erabili da eta behin Simulinkezko bloke estandarrekin haren erabilgarritasuna balioztatuta, algoritmoa inplementatu eta baliozkotzat jo da Xilinx System Generatorraren bidez. Etorkizunean FPGA batean erabili ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20022,2016-12-29,"Videogames are problem-based learning environments where the player achieves experiential, meaningful, interdisciplinary, user centred learning that concurs with both constructionism and situated views of cognition. These principles agree with the pedagogical framework prescribed for schools nowadays. This project presents the planning, implementation, revision and second implementation of a teaching unit aimed at the third cycle of Primary Education and based on the software Kodu Game Lab. Its aim is to contribute with a specific design, as the lack of them is the main obstacle to the use of videogames in classrooms.","Bideojokoak arazoetan oinarritutako ikaskuntza inguruneak dira, non jokalariak lortzen duen ikaskuntza esperientziala, esanguratsua, interdiziplinarra eta erabiltzailean zentratutakoa da, teoria konstruktibistekin eta kognizio kokatuarenarekin bat etorriz. Ezaugarri hauek gaur egungo eskolarako zehaztutako marko pedagogikoaren berdinak dira, bideojokoek baliabide didaktiko bezala duten potentziala balioztatuz. Lan honek Kodu Game Lab programan oinarritutako Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren ziklorako sekuentzia didaktiko baten planifikazioa, inplementazioa, berrikuspena eta bigarren inplementazioa azaltzen ditu. Proposamen zehatzen urritasuna bideojokoak ikasgelan erabiltzeko oztopo nagusia izanda, behar hori betetzea da lanaren nahia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25283,2000,"The old order's Police it is dialectically far from its old reference to the legitimate violence adopting the position of the proximity police. After an exam about the models of fundamental polices tendencies in the present public policy evolution, the author studies in depth the relation police-community analysing the consequences of this interaction on the police intervention.","Lehengo aginteko polizia dialektikoki bere biolentzia legitimoaren aspaldiko erreferentzietatik urruntzen da, gertuko jarrera multiforme bat hartzeko. Oraintsuko politika publikoaren eboluzioan ematen ari diren poliziaren tendentzien ereduak azaldu ondoren, polizia eta komunitatearen arteko erlazioan sakontzen da, interakzio honen ondorioak interbentzio polizialean aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55321,2022-02-02,"Corporations, limited liability companies and limited partnerships by shares are required to present a Statement of Non-Financial Information in free format provided that they comply with the requirements established in Law 11/2018, of December 28, which amends the Commercial Code, the revised text of the Capital Companies Act approved by Royal Legislative Decree 1/2010, of July 2, and Law 22/2015, of July 20, on Auditing of Accounts, in matters of non-financial information and diversity (hereinafter Law 11/2018). Said requirements will be specified and developed throughout this work. Given that the Statement of Non-Financial Information is freely presented and is a report that has to be verified by an external verifier, in this work an action guide for auditors is made through substantive tests, with the aim of providing clear ideas and procedures when proceeding to the verification of these reports. It is common practice for companies to present information through indicators published by various national and international entities. In this context, the work is focused on creating the performance guide through substantive tests for the indicators created by AECA. The role played by the auditor or (external) verifier in the verification of the Statement of Non-Financial Information deserves special attention or emphasis.","Sozietate anonimoek, erantzukizun mugatukoek eta akzioen bidezko sozietate komanditarioek, informazio ez-finantzarioko egoera bat formatu librean aurkezteko betebeharra dute, baldin eta abenduaren 28ko 11/2018 Legean, Merkataritza Kodea, uztailaren 2ko 1/2010 Legegintzako Errege Dekretuaren bidez onartutako Kapital Sozietateen Legearen testu bategina eta uztailaren 20ko 22/2015 Legea aldatzen dituena, Informazio ez-finantzarioaren eta aniztasunaren arloan (aurrerantzean, 11/2018 Legea) ezarritako baldintzak betetzen badituzte. Baldintza horiek lan honetan zehaztu eta garatuko dira. Informazio ez-finantzarioaren egoera orriaren formatua askatasunez aurkeztekoa denez eta kanpoko egiaztatzaile batek egiaztatu behar duenez, lan honetan ikuskatzaileentzako jarduera-gida bat egiten da, proba substantiboen bidez, txosten horiek egiaztatzeko orduan ideia eta prozedura argiak emateko. Eskuarki, praktika hedatua denez, sozietateek nazioko eta nazioarteko hainbat erakundek argitaratutako adierazleen bidez aurkezten dute informazioa. Testuinguru horretan, lanaren ardatza jarduera-gida sortzea da, AECAk sortutako adierazleetarako proba substantiboen bidez. Arreta berezia merezi du auditoreak edo egiaztatzaileak (kanpokoa) informazio ez-finantzarioaren egoera egiaztatzean duen eginkizunak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43676,2020-06-02,"Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory systemic chronic disease, which not only causes the symptoms of the illness itself but also increases cardiovascular risk. Therefore, cardiovascular events are the main cause of death, increasing the risk up to 50%. This raise of the risk happens, mainly, because of factors related to the sickness rather than because of traditional factors, such as: chronic inflammation, immunity alterations, and the creation of cytokines and antibodies. Prevention is essential, and consequently, it is necessary to adapt the existing scales of risk and to get to know which medicines could reduce that risk. Medicines which have been proven to produce that decrease, are those that modulate the illness, both biologic and non-biologic.","Artritis erreumatoidea hanturazko gaixotasun sistemiko kronikoa da eta gaixotasunaren berezko kalteak eragiteaz gainera, arrisku kardiobaskularra areagotzen duela ere ikusi da. Gertakari kardiobaskularrak dira heriotza arrazoi nagusia paziente hauetan, hilkortasunaren % 50eko igoera ematen delarik. Arrisku igoera hori hobeto azaltzen dute gaixotasunarekin erlazionatutako faktoreek ohiko arrisku faktore tradizionalek baino, esaterako, hantura kronikoak, immunitate asaldurek, zitokinen ekoizpenak eta autoantigorputzek. Honengatik, prebentzioa funtsezkoa da, gaixotasunari zehatzago egokitzen diren arrisku eskalak garatzea eta farmakoek arrisku kardiobaskularrean duten eragina aztertzea beharrezkoa delarik. Bereziki, gaixotasunaren farmako modulatzaile biologiko zein ez-biologikoek dute arrisku kardiobaskularraren jaitsierarekin erlazio handiena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26576,1994-12,"The refugee character is briefly described as something conforming much more than a human problem, Africa situation is presented, focusing on Liberia, Rwanda and Burundi. Likewise, the work carried out by Jesuit Refugee Service (SJR) is shown.","Errefuxiatuaren izaera azaltzen da laburki, gai hau giza arazo bat baino zerbait gehiago bezala adieraziz, eta Afrikan dagoen egoera erakusten da, Liberia, Ruanda eta Burundin erdiratuz bereziki. Jesuit Refugee Service-n (SJR) burutzen den lana aurkezten da halaber." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25488,1997,"The response that must be confered to the injurious fact accomplished must not be juridial-penal but, essentially, criminological and victimological. The criminological responsability requires a clear imbrication of the empiric sciences, with the active participation of psychologists, educators, welfare workers. The victimological responsability makes possible the recognition, on the part of the minor offender, of the injuries caused to the victim, as the necessary premise to proceed with the reparation.","Adingabeko batek egin duen ekintza kaltegarriari eman behar zaion erantzunak ez du juridikoazigorrezkoa izan behar, batez ere kriminologikoa eta biktimologikoa izan behar baitu. Erantzukizun kriminologikoak disziplina enpirikoen partehartze argia eskatzen du, hau da, psikologo, hezle, gizarte-laguntzaileen eskuhartzea. Erantzukizun biktimologikoak bideak ematen ditu adingabeko urratzaileak biktimari eragin dion kalteaz ohar dadin, gero lehengoratzeari ekiteko beharrezko beharkizuna delako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58148,2022-10-21,"This paper will attempt to define the concept of Sustainable Urban Mobility, its origin, most important aspects and objectives, and its relationship with tactical urban planning, one of the measures applied with the aim of humanising cities. To this end, it will be necessary to examine the regulatory framework that makes up all the international and European resolutions established as a basis for the policies, plans and programmes at state, autonomous and local level approved in the domestic legal system. The work culminates with an analysis of the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan for the City of Bilbao for 2030 and the General Urban Development Plan by means of which the tactical urban planning measures that can be seen in it are detected and assessed.","Lan honetan Hiri Mugikortasun Iraunkorraren kontzeptua, bere jatorria, alderdi garrantzitsu eta objektiboak definitzen saiatuko naiz, eta hirigintza taktikoarekin duen harremana, hiriak humanizatzeko helburuarekin aplikatzen den neurrietako bat baita. Horretarako, barneko ordenamendu juridikoan onartutako estatu, autonomia eta toki mailako politika, plan eta programetarako oinarri gisa ezarritako nazioarteko eta Europako ebazpen guztiek osatzen duten arau-esparrua hartu beharko da kontuan. Lana amaitzeko, Bilbo Hiriko 2030erako Hiri Mugikortasun Iraunkorreko Plana eta Hiri Antolamenduko Plan Orokorra aztertuko dira, plan horretan ohartarazten diren hirigintza taktikoko neurriak hauteman eta baloratzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19871,2016-12-15,"The present project analyzes the different protocols and communication networks that allow the control of the vehicle subsystems. Meanwhile, the work will consider the protocols affecting both the vehicle-to-vehicle and the vehicle-to-infrastructure communications. Finally, the future trends regarding the automobile industry will be taken into account, emphasizing on the current evolution involving the autonomous driving.","Lan honek, ibilgailuaren azpisistemen kontrola baimentzen dituzten komunikazio-sareak eta beste zenbait protokolo aztertzen ditu. Halaber, bai ibilgailutik ibilgailura, bai ibilgailutik kanpo-azpiegituren arteko komunikazioetan parte hartzen dituzten protokoloak aztertzen dira. Azkenik, ibilgailu-esparruko etorkizunerako joerak aztertzen dira, gidatze autonomoa lortu nahi duten gaur egungo garapenak azpimarratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75398,2025-11-05,"Traffic management and precise synchronization in industrial networks are essential to ensure deterministic and reliable communications, especially in critical applications where compliance with latency, availability, and synchronization requirements is essential. In this sense, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) technology emerges as an extension of the standard Ethernet protocol aimed at meeting these needs, incorporating a series of functionalities that guarantee timed transmissions, traffic prioritization, and fault tolerance. In this context, this Master's Thesis is carried out. Its main objective is the design and implementation of a TSN functionality demonstrator that allows the evaluation of the behaviour of its most representative functionalities. Specifically, it examines in practice the operation of time synchronization, bandwidth reservation and traffic shaping, and determinism and reliability. The demonstrator is implemented in a single physical network scenario, on which three independent tests are performed, each focusing on a specific functionality. It allows validating, under real-world conditions, the impact of TSN mechanisms on network performance and behaviour.","Sare industrialetan trafikoaren kudeaketa eta sinkronizazio zehatza ezinbestekoak dira komunikazio deterministak eta fidagarriak bermatzeko, batez ere latentzia, erabilgarritasun eta sinkronizazio-eskakizunak betetzea ezinbestekoa den aplikazio kritikoetan. Zentzu honetan, Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) teknologia Ethernet protokolo estandarraren luzapen gisa sortu zen behar horiek asetzeko helburuarekin, denborazko transmisioak, trafikoaren lehentasuna eta akatsen tolerantzia bermatzen dituzten funtzionalitateak barneratuz. Testuinguru horretan, Master Amaierako Lan (MAL) hau egin da. Lan honen helburu nagusia da TSN funtzionalitateen erakusle bat diseinatzea eta inplementatzea da, haren funtzionalitate adierazgarrienen portaera ebaluatu ahal izateko. Zehazki, modu praktikoan aztertzen dira denbora-sinkronizazioaren funtzionamendua, banda-zabaleraren erreserba eta trafikoaren modelatzea, eta determinismoa eta fidagarritasuna. Erakuslea sare fisikoko agertoki bakar batean inplementatu da, eta horren gainean hiru proba independente egin dira, bakoitza funtzionalitate jakin batean zentratuta. TSN mekanismoek sarearen errendimenduan eta portaeran duten eragina baldintza errealetan balioztatzea ahalbidetzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14303,2015-01-29,"Constant changes in the market supplies and demands and in the business competition have increase the interest on the optimization of our resources. Most business must cope with constant changes in the type and quantity of product they produce, to make this possible it is necessary a layout not only flexible but also able to survive over time. The objective of this project is to obtain a check list that enables us to analyse the sustainability of a layout. The list is formed by 23 indicators that show and simplify the most important aspect of the arrangement. In addition, the evaluation highlights the strengths and weaknesses of the distribution. On the other hand, different options to reduce problems and to optimize the process can be studied from the analysis of the results. Finally, it is included a practical example with its study to verify the reliability of the method.","Eskariaren eta eskaintzaren etengabeko aldaketak baita merkatu lehiak ere gure baliabideen optimizazioan interesa sortu du. Enpresa asko dira produktuaren edota burutzeko kantitatearen etengabeko aldaketetan aritzen direnak, banaketa malgua eta etorkizunean mantentzeko beharrezko gaitasuna kontuan izanik. Proiektu honen helburua inplementazio jasangarria azter dezakeen kontrol zerrenda bat eskuratzea da. Honek 23 adierazle jasoko ditu non inplementazio baten alderdi nagusienak murriztea eta azaleratzea bilatuko den, banaketaren atal gogorren eta ahulen informazioa agerian geratuko delarik. Emaitzen ebaluazioa eginez, irtenbide anitz agertuko dira prozesua hobetu eta arazoak ebatziko dituztenak. Gauzak horrela, planteamenduaren fidagarritasuna egiaztatzeko benetako inplementazio baten esku – hartze eta honen analisiaren adibide bat eskainiko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14051,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT:This work is placed in the area of an intervention: it is presented a diagnosis about relational needs. the objective of this has been to observe what kind of relationships are revealed, how far they reach and how they are being carried out in the social interaction that is organized for teaching and learning contents in the 3 years old classroom of Infant School. The intervention is based on the work done by the constructivism of the sociocultural orientation about social interaction and also the researched by Evolutionary Psychology and by other disciplines about attachment and affective relationships. For making the diagnosis, ethnographic procedures have been used, being the most important the participatory observation. In the conclusions, the most noticeable is that the pressure of the school contents often implies that the relational needs are not responded and also that the autonomy is identified as an affective isolation that is harmful to the need of security. Finally, it is given guidelines to follow that can be useful when it comes time to work.","LABURPENA: Lan hau esku-hartzearen alorrean kokatzen da: harreman beharrizanen inguruko diagnostiko bat aurkezten da. Honen helburua da Haur Hezkuntzako 3 urteko gelan edukiak irakasteko eta ikasteko antolatzen den gizarte-elkarrekintzan agertzen diren harreman beharrizan motak eta horiek noraino eta nola betetzen diren ikustea. Esku-hartzea oinarritzen da orientabide soziokulturalaren konstruktibismoak gizarte-elkarrekintzari buruz egin duen lanean eta baita Garapenaren Psikologiak eta beste diziplina batzuk atxikimenduaz eta harreman afektiboei buruz aztertutakoan ere. Diagnostikoa egiteko prozedura etnografikoak erabili dira, garrantzitsuena behaketa parte-hartzailea. Ondorioetan nabarmenena da eduki eskolarren presioak maiz harreman beharrizanei ez erantzutera eramaten duela eta baita autonomia isolamendu afektiboekin identifikatzen dela ziurtasunaren premiaren kalterako. Azkenik, lan egiteko orduan baliogarriak izan daitezkeen jarraitzeko ildo batzuk nabariak dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36829,2019-12-12,"In this final degree work, the development of a graphical user interface (GUI) is carried out withthe MATLAB ́ssoftware. This application is used forneural network training, the app includes the functions of selecting the data with which you want to workand the type of training of the network. Finally it shows the result of the training and some graphs of utility for the interpretation of the process. This application simplifies the task of working with neural networks and data sets, allows working without programming knowledge. This project is part of a larger one carried out by a research group of the UPV / EHU: 'Smarttipfor the functional diagnosis of walking in patients with Multiple Sclerosis' (SMARTIP). In this project, a prototype of a sensorizedcrutch is developed that allows obtaining data and values that are used to perform the tests with neural networks.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, MATLAB programazio inguruari dagokion interfaze grafikoa (GUI graphical user interface) lantzen da. Aplikazio honen bidez, sare neuronalen entrenamendua gauzatzen da, lan egiteko erabilgarriak diren datuen hautaketa eginez baita sarearen entrenamendu mota ere kontuan hartuz. Azkenik, saiakeraren interpretaziorako hainbat erabilgarritasun grafika eta entrenamenduen emaitzak aztertzen dira. Aplikazio honek, sare neuronalekin eta datu multzoekin lan egitea errazten du, programazioaren inguruko jakinduria izan gabe lan egitea baimenduz. Proiektu hau UPV / EHU ko garrantzi handiko ikertzaile talde baten eskutik landuta dago: “Esklerosi anitza duten pazienteen ibilaldiaren diagnostiko funtzionalerako txurro inteligentea (SMARTIP)”. Proiektu honetan, makulu sentsorizatuaren prototipoa garatzen da, sare neuronalekin egindako probak burutzeko erabiltzen diren datu eta baloreak jasotzeko ahalbidetzen duena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14068,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: The early introduction to English is common in schools in the Basque Country. People generally defend its efficacy; however, its disproportionate expansion has risen negative attitudes. The child is immersed in this confusion, building his/her own viewpoint from the messages s/he receives from his/her surroundings. Given that teachers are decisive in the creation of attitudes, the main aim of the study is to investigate teachers’ outlook on the early introduction to English. Although tutors and English teachers present a positive attitude, the time that should be devoted to English has created a clear division. The study likewise has shown that sometimes teachers’ opinions go beyond mere beliefs concerning the importance of children’s age.","LABURPENA: Ingelesaren sarrera goiztiarra ohikoa bihurtu da Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko ikastetxeetan. Jendeak, oro har, bere eraginkortasuna defendatzen du, baina bere hedapen neurrigarriak kontrako jarrerak ere sustatu ditu. Zurrunbiloaren erdian dago haurra, ingurutik helarazten zaizkion mezuen bitartez hizkuntzekiko bere ikuspegia osatuz doalarik. Bere jarreretan eragiten duten aldagai anitzen artean irakasleek zeresan berezia dute. Hori dela eta, zenbait irakaslek ingelesaren sarrera goiztiarrarekiko duten ikuspuntua aztertzea du helburu ikerketak. Emaitzei erreparatuz, nola tutoreek hala ingeleseko irakasleek jarrera baikorra agertu duten arren, ingelesari eskaini beharko litzaiokeen denborak bereizketa argia azalerazi du. Halaber, irakasleen uste eta iritziak, zenbaitetan, ikasleen adinaren garrantzian oinarritutako sineskerietatik haratago doazela plazaratu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36847,2019-12-12,"Inglés An algorithm for simulating a dye-doped POF under external sunlight has been developed in order tostudy the applications of POFs as LSCs for photovoltaic energy generation. A practical implementation of thealgorithm has been used to simulate the POF’s behaviour as a function of fiber diameter, length and dopantconcentration, amongst other parameters. The simulated results have been compared to previousexperimental research. The algorithm is also capable of simulating POFs with multiple dopants; double-doped POFs have been studied, with the option of using three or more dopants simultaneously. The spectralred-shift caused by the dopants and its effect on photovoltaic cell absorption have also been analyzed.","Euskara Algoritmo bat garatu da dopatzaile organikoekin dopatutako plastikozko fibra optikoak (POF) eguzki-argiaren eraginaren mende simulatzeko, POFen energia fotovoltaikoaren sorkuntzarako eguzki-biltzaile moduko aplikazioak ikertzeko asmoz. Algoritmoaren inplementazio praktiko bat erabili da POFaren portaera parametro anitzen arabera simulatzeko, haien artean fibraren diametroa, bere luzera eta dopatzailearen kontzentrazioa. Simulaturiko emaitzak aurretiko ikerkuntza esperimentalekin alderatu dira. Algoritmoa dopatzaile anitzdun POFak simulatzeko gai da ere: bi dopatzailedun POFak ikertu dira, eta hiru dopatzaile edo gehiago erabiltzeko aukera dago. Emisioaren gorrirako desplazamendu espektrala eta honen efektua eguzki-zelula baten absortzioan aztertu da ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67772,2024-05-08,"This Degree thesis has been focused on the development of oral language through games in Early Childhood Education. Based on the analysis of the importance of game as a learning methodology, a book has been designed as a proposal for this Final Degree Project. This book presents 10 game activities based on music and images. The aim is to guarantee the improvement of oral language through these two educational resources. This proposal is aimed at teachers and seeks the development of 5 year old children.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek Haur Hezkuntzako etapan jolasaren bidezko ahozko hizkuntzaren garapena sustatzea izan du oinarri. Behin jolasak ikasteko metodologia gisa duen garrantzia aztertuta, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen proposamen bezala liburu bat sortu da. Liburu honek, musika eta irudia oinarri dituzten 10 jolas-jarduera aurkezten ditu eta bi hezkuntza-baliabide horien bidez ahozko hizkuntzaren hobekuntza sustatzea bilatzen du. Proposamen hau hezkuntzan adituak diren profesionalei zuzenduta dago eta 5 urteko haurrekin praktikara eramateko sortua izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14025,2015-01-16,"This document comes to analyze the educative strategy of interactive groups. For this, a review of the scientific and methodological basis, which govern this strategy, is performed. Subsequently, on the one hand, a direct observation of interactive groups experience is carried out, inside a real educative context, through a qualitative methodology. On the other hand, the observation of another learning experience also based on heterogeneous grouping. The analysis of the results allows us to test the advantages and benefits of the strategy of interactive groups to manage diversity in the classroom.","Lan honek talde elkarreragileen estrategia aztertzen du. Hori egiteko, estrategia hau zuzentzen duten oinarri zientifiko eta metodologikoen berrikustea egiten da. Metodologia kualitatiboen bidez, alde batetik, hezkuntza inguru batean talde elkarreragileen esperientzia behatzen da; eta bestetik, taldekatze heterogeneoan oinarritutako beste ikasketa esperientzia bat behatzen da. Lortutako emaitzen azterketak talde elkarreragileen abantailak eta onurak egiaztatzea ahalbidetzen digu, gelan aniztasuna ondo kudeatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20999,2017-03-20,"The economy of the Basque country and Spain is in a light rise after the crisis they have suffered until the last few years. In addition, the country is located on the context of globalization. For that reason, companies have to make changes in order to be competitive and reach a good level on the actual market. Between the possible innovations to be made, we can find non-technological innovations, even though are less made than technological ones, their development is very important to progress in the market. Therefore, it is important to study which are the factors that are related to the development of non-technological innovations.","Espainiar estatuko eta Euskal Herriko ekonomia hazkunde apalean dago momentu honetan, duela urte oso gutxi igarotako krisiaren ondoren. Gainera, herrialdea globalizazioaren testuinguruan dago kokatuta. Hori dela eta, enpresek aldaketak egin beharra dituzte, gaur egungo merkatuan lehiakorrak izan eta leku egokian kokatu ahal izateko. Egin beharreko berrikuntzen artean, teknologikoak ez diren berrikuntzak ere praktikan jartzen dira, teknologikoekin alderatuz askoz ere maila baxuagoan erabili, garatu eta sustatzen direnak baina egungo merkatuan aurrera egiteko pisu handia dutenak. Horregatik, interesgarria da, aztertzea zeintzuk diren berrikuntza ezteknologiko hauek garatzeko ezaugarri edota faktoreak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14332,2015-02-04,"This paper presents an experimental study of Friction Drilling process and the next Form Threading in joints of steel and aluminum plates, widely used in many sectors, characterized by the absence of nuts. The basis of this technique is the heat produced by friction because of the contact between the rotary tool and the material, causing the softening of the material, and the creep deformation of it. In that way, a tapered cup to be threaded by forming. This paper will explore the feasibility of the process experimentally, obtaining optimal input variables to generate joint of high quality, taking on account different aspects. However, it focuses on analyzing the quality of the joint in regard to the compatibility of materials. On the one hand, galvanic corrosion of steel and aluminum will be studied and, on the other, galvanic corrosión of steel, aluminum and the material of the screw. Once the work is finalized, it is expected to get a process of bonding dissimilar materials without nut, providing a higher quality than the processes currently implemented.","Lan honetan marruskadura-zulaketaren ikasketa esperimentala aurkezten da, era zabalduan Friction Drilling eta laminazio bidezko hariztatzeaz ezagutzen dena, altzairu eta aluminiozko txapa finen junturetan aplikatua, oso erabiliak direnak sektore anitzetan, eta azkoin ezak ezaugarritzen duena. Teknika honen oinarria herramienta eta materiala kontaktuan jartzean agertzen den marruskaduraren ondoriozko beroa da, materiala bigundu eta deformatzen duena. Honela, kono itxurako kopa bat sortuko da, ondoren laminazioz hariztatuko dena. Lan honetan zehar prozesuaren bidegarritasuna aztertuko da esperimentalko, prozesuaren sarrera parametro optimoak bilatuz kalitatezko juntura bat lortzeko, irizpide desberdinak kontuan hartuz.Hala ere, batez ere materialen arteko bateragarritasunari dagokion kalitatearen alderdian jarriko du arreta. Horretarako, alde batetik, altzairuzko eta aluminiozko txapen arteko korrosio galbanikoa aztertuko da, eta, bestetik, altzairuaren, aluminioaren eta txertatuko den torlojuaren materialaren artekoa. Behin lana bukatuta, azkoin gabeko material disimilaren arteko kalitatezko junturak lortzea espero da, gaur egun erabiltzen diren prozesuekin eratutakoak baino kalitate hobea aurkezten dutenak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58416,2022-11-17,"In the current Final Degree Project, after analyzing that children with special needs or illnesses cannot participate in many of the Physical Education classes in the school environment, it will be carried out a workshop with cooperative games for children with cancer as a criticism of the lack of adaptation of the Physical Education classes. The objective of this project is to demonstrate that all children have the right to participate in every Physical Education session and that these can be adapted so that no participant is left out of the dynamics, seeking inclusivity. In addition, we will look for group work, autonomy, empathy and well-being of the whole group. All these activities will be carried out through a learning service, as it is useful to develop contexts of children's well-being and for the development of teacher skills. Then, an analysis of what happened will be done and the results obtained during the project will be specified.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, gaixotasunak edota premia bereziak dituzten haurrek eskola-eremuko Gorputz Hezkuntzako saio askotan parte hartu ezin dutela aztertu ondoren, minbizia duten umeentzako tailer bat egingo da jolas kooperatiboetan oinarrituta. Honen bitartez, Gorputz Hezkuntzako saioetan dagoen egokitzapen txikiari kritika bat egitea da asmoa. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia haur guztiek Gorputz Hezkuntzako saio bakoitzean parte hartzeko eskubidea dutela erakustea da, eta horiek egokitu daitezkeela parte-hartzaileak dinamiketatik kanpo gera ez daitezen, talde osoaren inklusibotasuna bermatzeko intentzioarekin. Gainera, talde-lana, autonomia, enpatia eta talde osoaren ongizatea bilatuko da. Esandako guztia ikaskuntza-zerbitzu baten bitartez gauzatuko da, haurren ongizate-testuinguruak garatzeko eta irakasleak prestatzeko gaitasunak garatzeko balio baitu. Ondoren, gertatutakoa aztertuko da eta proiektuan zehar ateratako emaitzak zehaztuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/11053,2013-01-11,"The presence of a wind farm causes several effects on the electromagnetic signals that may degrade the quality of the telecommunication services provided nearby. In regard to television broadcasting, these effects are notable for the analogue signal. However, a potential impact of a wind farm on digital television broadcasting had not yet been assessed. Apart from that, the evaluation of the potential degradation on these services has been traditionally carried out by means of scattering models that only account for the signal scattered by the blades of a wind turbine. These classic models do not consider neither the mast contribution to the scattered signal nor the time variability due to the blade rotation or the joint influence of a wind farm composed of several turbines. In this context, the first of the two main objectives of this thesis is the empirical evaluation of the degradation caused to the DVB‐T digital television signals reception due to the presence of a nearby wind farm. From this measurement‐based study, it can be concluded that it is in the backscattering region where the most critical reception conditions are encountered. In this zone, the propagation channel can be characterized by a discrete time‐varying multipath channel. Therefore, in order to determine future possible degradations on the services provided in the UHF band, the second main objective of this thesis focuses on proposing a new channel model to characterize the multipath propagation typical of the area surrounding a wind farm. This channel model is adaptable to the particular features of each case under study: relative position transmitter‐wind turbine‐receiver, wind turbine dimensions, maximum rotation rate, characteristics of the transmitter and receiver radiating systems, and working frequency. In this way, the results obtained in this research work give answer to the studies requested by the International Telecommunications Union since the first cases of impact were detected","Parke eolikoek hainbat efektu eragiten dute seinale elektromagnetikoetan eta, ondorioz, zenbait kasutan, inguruan eskaintzen diren telekomunikazio zerbitzuek kalitatearen degradazioa jasan dezakete. Telebistari dagokionez, efektu hauek nabarmenak dira seinale analogikoaren kasuan. Aitzitik, parke eolikoek telebista digitalean izan dezaketen eragina ez da oraindik zehaztu. Bestalde, oraindaino telebista zerbitzuek izandako inpaktuaren ebaluazioa sakabanatze-ereduen bidez egin da. Sakabanatze-eredu klasiko hauek palek sakabanatzen duten seinalea baino ez dute adierazten; eta horrenbestez, ez dute kontuan hartzen dorreak sakabanatzen duen seinalea, ez besoen errotazio mugimenduak eragindako denbora aldakortasuna, ezta hainbat aerosorgailuz osatutako parkearen eragin bateratua ere. Testuinguru honetan, ikerkuntza lan honen lehen helburu nagusia definitzen da: parke eoliko batek DVB-T sisteman eragin dezakeen harrera-degradazioaren ebaluazio enpirikoa egitea. Neurketetan oinarritutako analisi honetatik, harrerabaldintza zailenak backsckattering delako eremuan gertatzen direla ondorioztatzen da, non hedapenak Ibilbide anitzeko eredua jarraitzen duen. Eredu honen portaera denborarekin aldakorra izango da palen errotazio mugimenduaren ondorioz. Horrez gain, UHF bandan igorritako zerbitzuetan gerta daitezkeen degradazioak aurreikusi ahal izateko, tesiaren bigarren helburua zehazten da: parke eoliko baten inguruan sortutako hedapen tipikoa deskribatzen duen kanal eredu berria proposatzea. Kanal eredu hau aztergai dauden kasu guztien baldintza partikularretara moldatzen da, eta kontuan hartzen du, besteak beste: transmisore-turbina-hargailu arteko kokapen erlatiboa, aerosorgailuaren tamaina, palen errotazio gehienezko abiadura, transmisore eta hargailuaren antenen ezaugarriak, eta frekuentzia. Tesi honetan lortutako emaitzei esker, lehenengo kasuak antzeman zirenetik Telekomunikazioen Nazioarteko Batasunak proposatutako ikerketa eskariei erantzuna ematen zaie." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19729,2016-12-02,"The aims of this study is to study the rehabilitate of the hydropower plant of Bolueta. Each part of the hydropower plant will be studied and some different alternatives will be given. The energy production and the required inversion will be studied for each of the given options, comparing one against the other and finally stating the optimal solution.","Hurrengo lanaren helburua Boluetako zentral hidroelektrikoaren berriztatzearen ikasketa egitea da. Horretarako zentralaren atal bakoitza aztertu eta emaitza posibleen sorta bat emango da. Energia produkzioa eta inbertsioaren ikasketa egingo da aukera bakoitzerako, haien artean alderatuz eta onena aukeratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53950,2021-11-22,"ENG. The writing of this report is carried out as a submission for the Master's Thesis, work included in the training plan of the Master's Degree in Construction Engineering taught at the School of Engineering of Bilbao, under the tutelage of Professor Marcos Larrauri. The purpose of the report is none other than the comparison of two softwares used for the modelling of structures; Cype and Dlubal. The modelling, which can be carried out on any of the most common construction elements, will be done in wood in order to strenghten the validity of the software in terms of modellig wood structures. At the same time, the software comparison will be used for the design of an eco-sustainable bus shelter, using wood as a construction element, taking advantage of its benefits.","EUS. Txosten hau Master Amaierako Lan gisa idatzi da, zein Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolan irakasten den Eraikuntzaren Ingeniaritzako Masterreko prestakuntza-planaren barruan dagoen, Marcos Larrauri irakaslearen tutoretzapean. Txostenaren helburua egiturak modelizatzeko erabiltzen diren bi software alderatzea da: Cype eta Dlubal. Modelizazioa, eraikuntzan erabiltzen diren ohiko elementuetako edozeinetan egin zitekeen, aitzitik, zura erabilita egingo da, softwareek zurezko egituren modelizazioa gauzatzeko gai direla bermatzeko. Era berean, zura eraikuntza elementu gisa erabiliz eta honek eraikuntzan dituen onurak baliatuz, softwareen alderaketaz aparte, autobusentzako marquesina eko-jasangarriak diseinatzeko aprobetxatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26492,1987,"The most important juvenile delinquency predicting factors are here studied attempting also to delimit them, specially those connected with recividist adult delinquency. There are precise and constant psychosocilogical causes but the interaction between them remains unkown. Primary prevention strategies must have some, defined objectives, being those strategies stablished from juvenile dilinquency predicting factors.","Gazte-delinkuentzia aurresateko faktore garrantzizkoenak aztertu eta bereizten ahalegindu zen, helduen berrerortze-delinkuentziari atxekiturik datozenak batik bat. Badaude ere aldaera psikosoziologikoak nahiko zehatzak eta iraunkorrak direnak, baina ez dakigu nola eragiten dioten elkarri. Lehen mailako prebentziorako estrategiak xede mugatuak izan behar ditu aurresatekoetan aurresatekoetan oinarriturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19363,2016-10-25,"The main purpose of this work is to analyze which transform model predicts better the behavior of the transformers facing electromagnetic transients, paying close attention to the π and T models. For that, Matlab computer software will be use. With this program a series of simulations will be made to analyze the behavior of the models over the time to conclude which model is more accurate and more reliable.","Lan honen helburu nagusia transformadoreen portaera iragankor elektromagnetikoen aurrean aztertzeko zein modelaketa eredua den hoberena da, arreta handia π ereduan eta T ereduan jarriz. Horretarako Matlab software programa erabiliz, denboran zehar transformadoreen portaera aztertuko da eta zein eredu den fidagarriena eta zehatzena ondorioztatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54136,2021-11-26,"CMC (ceramic matrix composite) are materials that have existed for many years, but due to the high price they have, the use of these materials had not been encouraged, much less their research. With the current need that exists for materials that have better behavior to wear, fatigue, resistance to temperature, among other mechanical properties, since these mechanical properties of the materials are fundamental for the development of lighter pieces and above all more resistant. All the aforementioned has made these materials enter the aerospace and automotive careers predominantly. In the field of aeronautics, the use of ceramic-hued materials is in wide development, first because of the low weight they contribute to the fuselage and their great resistance, as well as to parts of the aircraft turbine where there is high temperature and pressure. On the other hand, we also have the need in the automotive field among its great contributions in the bodywork as well as in the braking system of cars. Seeing the great growth that this material is having and the little information that exists about it is the fundamental reason for this research, which is made up of two very important stages, the first part is an intense bibliographic review on ceramic matrix materials as: manufacture, their applications and above all the genesis of our research which is the machining of these materials, but above all abrasive machining and the second part is using all the information and knowledge acquired and based on that knowledge we create a test campaign, the which consists of changing different machining parameters in such a way that we can analyze the influence of each of them on the surface finish and the possible damage that may exist in the tool or part. For the analysis of damage and surface finish, it will be analyzed by a confocal microscope and a magnifying glass, which will provide us with information in three and two dimensions, so that we can better analyze the behavior of the abrasive tool at different machining parameters.","CMC (zeramikazko matrize konposatua) urte asko daramatzaten materialak dira, baina daukaten prezio altuagatik, material horien erabilera ez zen bultzatu eta are gutxiago haien ikerketa. Higaduraren, nekearen eta tenperaturarekiko erresistentziaren portaera hobea duten materialak bilatzeko gaur egun dagoen beharrarekin, materialen ezaugarri mekaniko horiek oinarrizkoak baitira pieza arinagoak garatzeko eta batez ere erresistenteagoak. Aipatutako guztiak material horiek aeroespazial eta automobilgintzako karreretan sartu dira nagusiki. Aeronautika arloan, zeramika koloreko materialen erabilera garapen handian dago, lehenik eta behin fuselajeari eta erresistentzia handiari laguntzen dieten pisu txikiarengatik, baita tenperatura altua duten hegazkinetako turbina zatietan ere. eta presioa. Bestalde, automobilgintzan ere beharra dugu karrozerian egindako ekarpen handien artean, baita autoen balaztatze sisteman ere. Material honek izaten ari den hazkunde handia eta horri buruz dagoen informazio eskasa ikustea oso garrantzitsua den bi etapek osatzen duten ikerketa honen funtsezko arrazoia da, lehenengo zatia zeramikazko matrize materialen gaineko berrikuspen bibliografiko bizia da. fabrikazioa, haien aplikazioak eta batez ere gure ikerketaren sorrera, hau da, material horien mekanizazioa, baina batez ere urratze mekanizazioa eta bigarren zatia eskuratutako informazio eta ezagutza guztia erabiliz eta ezagutza horretan oinarrituta test kanpaina bat sortzen dugu. Mekanizazio parametro desberdinak aldatzean datza, bakoitzak azaleko akaberan duen eragina eta erremintan edo piezan izan daitezkeen kalteak aztertu ahal izateko. Kalteak eta gainazalaren akabera aztertzeko, mikroskopio konfokalaren eta lupa baten bidez aztertuko da. Horrek hiru dimentsiotako eta bi dimentsiotako informazioa emango digu, tresna urratzaileak mekanizazio parametro desberdinetan duen portaera hobeto aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31757,2019-02-28,"This FDP based on the comparison between finnish and basque educational systems has been focused on Comparative Education. Here it has been compared the response that these two territories offer to the treatment of inclusive education. This is a research work and through a systematic analysis, some elements of inclusive education have been analysed. The aim was to compare and know inclusive education treatment in these places and, through this dissertation, some differences appeared regarding inclusive education understanding: while Finland, due to its resistant attitude towards inclusion, is focused on integration, the Basque Country shows an improvement in the process of inclusion. However, legislation change is not only necessary in Finland, but also in the Basque Country. In that way, following the path towards inclusion as a human right, students will have, in school as well, the opportunity to be educated in the diversity of social reality.","EAEko eta Finlandiako hezkuntza-sistemen alderaketan datzan GrAL honek Hezkuntza Gonbaratua izan du ardatz. Bertan, bi lurralde hauek hezkuntza inklusiboaren trataerari eskainitako erantzuna alderatu izan da. Ikerketa lana da hau eta analisi sistematikoaren bitartez, hezkuntza inklusiboaren inguruko elementu batzuk aztertu izan dira. Helburua bi herrialde hauen aniztasunaren trataera konparatzea eta ezagutzea zen eta horren bitartez, hezkuntza inklusiboaren ulermenean ezberdintasunak azaleratu izan dira: inklusioarekiko jarrera uzkurra izanik Finlandia integrazioan ardazten den bitartean, EAEn inklusioarekiko bidean aurrerapausoak nabari dira. Hala ere, aldaketa beharra sumatzen da bai hemengo zein Finlandiako legedian. Hori horrela, giza-eskubidetzat dugun inklusioa lortzeko bidean jarraituz gero, ikasleei eskolan ere errealitatearen aniztasunean hezteko aukera eskainiko diegu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24350,2015,"This article analyzes psychologically the main components of a serious social problem reported by the media. Although sexual abuse of children is not a sole criminal phenomenon of the Catholic Church and in fact this problema extends to other institutional contexts, acquires different features of family child sexual abuse, which has been most extensively studied. Therefore, the components of this phenomenon of victimization, victims and perpetrators, with its specific characteristics, are studied differing largely from sexual pathology derived from pedophilia. However, the main objective of the article is aimed at laying the foundations for prevention, both primary and secondary. Finally, we offer some guidelines and recommendations which, from the psychological angle, reduce the incidence and remedy this serious criminal phenomenon that traumatizes affected children, dishonor to the Church and alarm the society.","Komunikabideek salatutako arazo sozial larri baten osagai nagusiei buruzko hausnarketa eta analisi psikologikoak jasotzen ditu artikulu honek. Haurren aurkako sexu-abusuak ez dira Eliza katolikoaren barruan bakarrik gertatzen diren fenomeno kriminala, bestelako erakundeetan ere izaten baitira halakoak. Baina baditu zenbait ezaugarri, familiaren barruan haurren aurka gertatzen diren sexu-abusuetakoak ez bezalakoak –azkeneko horiek gehiago aztertu dituzte–. Ondorioz, aipatutako biktimizazio-fenomenoaren osagaiak aztertzen ditu artikuluak, biktimak eta biktimarioak, euren berariazko berezitasunekin; eta, neurri handi batean, pedofiliatik eratortzen den patologia sexualetik bereizten du. Edonola ere, artikuluaren helburu nagusia lehen zein bigarren mailako prebentzioaren oinarriak ezartzea da. Azkenik, ikuspegi psikologikotik, arauak eta gomendioak eskaintzen ditu fenomeno kriminal larri hori –kaltetutako haurrak traumatizatzen dituena, Eliza ohoregabetzen duena eta gizartean alarma sortzen duena– gutxiagotan gerta dadin eta horri erremedioa emateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72600,2025-02-10,"Objective: This systematic review aimed to measure the effects of strength training on individuals with low back pain based on scientific evidence from the past 5 years. This study covers scientific articles published between 2019 and 2024. Search strategy: To find articles, the PubMed database was used, and only studies written in English were selected. Using specific keywords, a total of 968 articles were retrieved. After removing duplicates and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 9 articles were collected for a deeper analysis. Results: Interventions lasting from 6 to 22 weeks were analyzed, with 1 to 3 weekly sessions being conducted. All articles indicated that strength training reduced the intensity of low back pain. Additionally, the studies analyzed changes in individuals' disability levels, mobility, flexibility, trunk musculature, quality of life, and kinesiophobia due to this type of training. However, the results showed very different ideas or opinions. Conclusions: This systematic review demonstrated that strength training is beneficial for individuals with low back pain. However, further scientific research is needed to identify the specific effects that strength training has on individuals with low back pain and to determine the most suitable characteristics of this type of training and thus be able to carry out an optimal prescription","Helburua: Errebisio sistematiko honen bitartez indar entrenamenduak min lunbarra duten pertsonengan sortzen dituen efektuak neurtu nahi izan dira azken 5 urteetan burutu den ebidentzia zientifikoan oinarrituz. Hau da 2019-2024 urteen bitarteko artikulu zientifikoak aztertu ziren. Bilaketa estrategia: Artikuluak aurkitzeko Pubmed data basea erabili zen eta ingelesez idatzitako azterlanak soilik hautatu ziren. Hitz gako konkretu batzuen bitartez guztira 968 artikulu lortu ziren. Duplikatuak kendu eta inklusio eta esklusio irizpideak igaro ondoren guztira 9 artikulu bildu ziren haien azterketa sakonago bat egin ahal izateko. Emaitzak: 6-22 bitarteko interbentzioak aztertu ziren, non, astero 1-3 bitarteko saioak burutzen zituzten. Artikulu guztiek indar entrenamenduak min lunbarraren intentsitatea murrizten zutela adierazi zuten. Bestalde, ikerketek, entrenamendu mota honi esker pertsonen desgaitasun mailan, mugikortasunean, malgutasunean, enborraren giharduran, bizi-kalitatean eta kinesiofobia aldaketak aztertu zituzten. Hala ere emaitzetan ideia edo iritzi oso desberdinak behatu ziren. Ondorioak: Errebisio sistematiko honi esker frogatu zen indar entrenamendua onuragarria dela min lunbarra duten pertsonentzako. Baina oraindik ikerketa zientifiko gehiago egitearen beharra dago; alde batetik, indar entrenamenduak min lunbarra duten pertsonengan sortzen dituen ondorio espezifikoak identifikatzeko eta beste aldetik, entrenamendu mota honen ezaugarri egokienak zehazteko eta hori esker preskripzio optimo bat burutu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36560,2019-11-27,"Abstract: in this paper, the design and scale production of a ship's propeller is described using a 3D printer. First, the resistance to the advance of a given merchant ship has been calculated with the Maxurf program. With these data and using the OpenProp program based on Matlab, the calculations of energy efficiency and geometry of the propeller were made. For the graphic representation of these results, the industrial design program Rinoceros was used, obtaining the coordinates of the blade and the hub. Finally, the designs were exported to the STL format, to be used with the Cura program. With this latest application, 3D printing was prepared and made on the Prusa i3 3D printer","Laburpena: Lan honetan azaltzen da helize baten diseinua eta fabrikazioa eskalan, 3D inprimagailua erabilita. Lehenik eta behin, aitzin erresistentzia kalkulatzeko Maxurf erabili zen. Datu horiekin eta OpenProp programa erabilita, Matlaben oinarrituta dagoen programa dela, helizearen efizientzia eta geometria kalkulatu zen. Erantzun hauen adierazpen grafikoa egiteko, Rhinoceros industrial dieinu programa erabili zen, palaren eta abatzaren koordenatuak lortzeko. Azkenik, emaitzak STL formatura eraldatu ziren, Cura programan erabiliak izateko. Azkeneko programa honekin, inprimaketa prestatu zen, geroago Prusa i3 3D inprimagailuarekin helizea sortu zen" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23172,2017-07,"In the Power System, it is essential to make sure that the electric supply has an optimal conditions of voltage and frequency. The main purpose of this work is to analyse the voltage and frequency regulation problems on synchronous generators if any electric demand changes. For a better analysis, some Matlab software simulations of a simplified synchronous machine working as a generator are included.","Potentziako Sistema elektrikoan, kalitatezko horniketa eta tentsio eta maiztasunaren baldintza optimoak bermatzea ezinbestekoa da. Lan honen helburu nagusia sorgailu sinkronoetan tentsio eta maiztasunaren arautzean sortzen diren arazoak aztertzea da. Azterketa hobetzeko, Matlab softwarean sorgailu sinkrono baten eredu batekin egindako simulazioak sartu egin dira lan honetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27745,2011,"Since 1985 Archaeology has experimented very deep changes which have reviewed its aims as a social and historical science. Recent university reform has dissociate Archaeology from History and Art History, generating its own course of study through the introduction of degrees and postgraduate courses. However, this introduction is not exempt of lacks and contradictions which affect the capacity of Archaeology and its professionals to adequate science to current social demands. Through a diachronic study of the introduction of Archaeology in the University, from the 19th century to the “Bologna Process”, the causes of those lacks in the study plan area analyzed.","1985etik aurrera Arkeologiak aldaketa sakonak jasan ditu, bere oinarri eta helburuak diziplina historiko eta sozial gisa berrikustera eraman dutenak. Unibertsitate mailako hezkuntzaren aldatzeak Historia eta Artearen Historiarengandik urrundu du Arkeologia maila akademikoan, berezko ikasketa plana sortuz gradu eta posgraduen ezarpenaren bitartez. Hala ere, ezartze honek gabetasun eta kontraesanez betea dago, Arkeologiaren eta bere profesionalen momentuko eskaera sozialei egokitzeko gaitasunari eragiten diotenak. Arkeologiak Akadademiaren barruan jasan duen osaera prosezuaren azterketa diakronikoaren bitartez, bere hasieratik XIX. mendean “Plan Bolonia” delakoaren arte, egungo Arkeologia-hezkuntza sistemako gabezi hauek sortu dituzten kausak aztertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14730,2015-03-10,"In this project an analysis of the transport multi-path TCP level protocol on a mockup will be done. To perform this protocol analysis, we will have to design and construct a controlled environment setting in which we will simulate different problems relating to network congestion and we will analyze some interesting parameters","Proiektu honetan, garraio mailako MPTCP protokoloa aztertuko dugu proba maketa batean. Analisi hau gauzatu ahal izateko,proba ingurune kontrolatu bat diseinatu eta eraikiko dugu. Maketa honetan, sarean hainbat arazo simulatuko ditugu eta protokoloak hauei nola egiten dien aurre aztertuko dugu, hainbat parametro begiratuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67679,2024-05-07,"Physical Education is a fundamental discipline in the formation and integral development of any child. Students can experience social and emotional situations when playing games. Likewise, games can be effective pedagogical tools to promote emotional learning, learning to identify and control one's own emotions. Thus, the main objective of this research was to describe the emotional experience ofthird cycle students of Primary Education during the game ofthe ball tower in general and in terms of gender. To this end, 193 pupils aged between 10 and 12 from two schools in the Basque Country, 86 girls and 10'1 boys, played tower ball for ten minutes. The emotions felt during the game were assessed using the Games and Emotions Scale Eor Children (GES-C) translated into Basque. If we look at the results, happiness and joy were the most intensely experienced emotions more frequently, no considerable differences were found in the emotional experience between boys and girls, and pupils of both genders agreed that they felt positive emotions more intensely. In order to achieve a modem and comprehensive Physical Education, teachers should give the deserved space to games and at the sam.e time become aware of their importance. Through their characteristics, their internallogic and their motor communication network, it is possible to work on and analyse the different types of experiences, emotions and relationships, as well as possible gender differences in our schools.","Heziketa Fisikoa, funtsezko diziplina da edozein haur edo ikasleren prestakuntza eta garapen integralean. Ikasleek joko-jolasen bitartez egoera sozialak zein emozionalak esperimentatu ditzakete. Era berean, joko-jolasak tresna eraginkorrak izan daitezke ikaskuntza emozionala sustatzeko, norberaren emozioak identifikatzen eta kontrolatzen ikasiz. Hori horrela izanik, ikerketa honen xede nagusia Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleek baloi dorrea jokoan zehar izandako bizipen emozionala orokorrean eta generoaren arabera deskribatzea izan zen. Horretarako, Euskal Herriko bi ikastetxetako 10-12 urte bitarteko 193 ikaslek, 86 neska eta 107 mutilek, baloi dorrea jokoan aritu ziren hamar minutuz. Jokoan zehar sentitutako emozioak Games and Emotions Scale for Children (GES-C) eskalaren euskaraturiko bertsioaren bidez baloratu ziren. Emaitzei erreparatuz gero, zoriona eta poza intentsitate maila altuenarekin maizen sentitutako emozioak izan ziren, neska zein mutilen artean izandako bizipen emozionalean ez ziren desberdintasun nabaririk aurkitu eta bi generoetako ikasleak bat datoz emozio positiboak bizikiago sentitu zituztela adieraztean. Heziketa Fisiko moderno eta integralago bat eskuratzera begira, arlo honetako irakasleek joko-jolasei nolabaiteko toki bat eman beharko liekete beraien garrantziaz jabetzeaz batera. Hauen ezaugarrien bitartez, barne logika eta komunikazio motor sarearen bitartez, bizipen, emozio zein harreman mota anitzak lantzea eta aztertzea posible da, baita generoaren ikuspuntutik izan daitezkeen desberdintasunak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36817,2019-12-12,"ABSTRACT The main purpose of this work is to analyze the behaviour of stock assets prices, to check their posibilities of being predicted by mathematical models. In it, usig ARIMA models in the R software, is going to be tried to prove or to reject the hypotesis of the market efficiency and the random walk, and, meanwhile, is going to be examined the capability of prediction of ARIMA. In the study two indexes are going to be analyzed: The american S&P 500 and the spanish IBEX 35 Key Words: “Prediction”, “R”, “ARIMA”, “Time Series”, “Stock Market”, “Trend”, “Investment”, “Randomness”.","LABURPENA Proiektu honen helburua burtsa-aktiboen salneurrien ibilkera aztertzea da, haien iragarpen posibilitateak aztertzeko eredu matematikoen bitartez. Honetan, ARIMA ereduen bidez R softwaren bitartez erabilitakoak, eraginkor merkatuaren eta zorizko pasatzearen hipotesiak baieztatzen edo ezeztatzen saiatuko da, eta era berean ARIMA-ren iragartzeko utilitatea ebaluatuko da. Azterlanarako bi indize aztertuko dira: estutubatuarra S&P 500 eta espaniarra IBEX 35. Hitz Gakoak: “Iragarpena”, “R”, “ARIMA”, “Demborazko Saila”, “Burtsa Merkatua”, “Joera”, “Ibertsio”, “Auzazkotasun”" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15359,2014-09-12,"Melanoma is a tumor disease that is characterized by its high potential aggressiveness and metastatic capacity. Its evolution is often unpredictable and its incidence is increasing faster than any other malignancy. Moreover, the usual cancer treatments are not effective in melanoma therapy, because it is resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In recent decades, is trying to introduce the biotherapy of cancer, which is based on the use of substances that can be synthesized by the immune system of the patient himself called immunomodulators, cytokines are immunomodulatory agents. Using the experimental model of melanoma B16, our work has focused on the participation of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α) in the acquisition of metastatic phenotype. The results indicated that proinflammatory cytokines directly modulate the activity of melanoma cells, act as survival factors for B16 melanoma cells through different mechanisms. In the case of TNF-α, the effect would be mediated by the induction regulator p21WAF1/Cip1 cell cycle.","Melanoma gaixotasun tumorala da, zeinak agresitibitate boterea eta metastasirako ahalmena dituen bereizgarri. Sarritan bere eboluzioa nolakoa izan daitekeen ezin daiteke aurretik jakin eta bere inzidentzia beste edozein neoplasiarena baino azkarrago areagotzen ari da. Gainera, minbiziaren kontrako ohiko tratamenduak ez dira eraginkorrak melanomaren kontrako terapian, zeren eta kimioterapia eta erradioterapiarekiko erresistentea baita. Azken hamarkadetan, minbiziaren Bioterapia saiatzen ari da barneratzen. Bioterapia hau gaixoaren sistema inmuneak berak sintetizatu ditzakeen substantziak erabiltzean datza. Substantzia horiei agente inmunomoduladoreak deritze. Zitokinak agente inmunomoduladoreak dira. B16 melanoma esperimentaleko modeloa erabiliz, fenomeno metastasikoa eskuratzean hanturazko zitokinek (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α)-nola hartzen duten parte izan du ardatz gure lanak. Lortutako emaitzeak adierazten dute hanturazko zitokinek berek modulatzen dutela melanomaren zelulen jarduera, hainbat mekanismoren bidez B16 melanomaren zelulen iraupenerako faktore gisa jokatuz. TNF-α-aren kasuan, p21WAF1/Cip1 ziklo zelularraren erreguladorearen indukzioa dago bitarteko, nonbait." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16469,2015-12-15,"The aim of this project is to programme the numerical control for the machining of the Real Madrid shield. To achieve it, first, it is necessary to learn how the programmes we will be using work. Then, the CAD file will be created by using the programme Solid Edge. Finally, we will programme the numerical control to create the shield by using the programme SurfCam Velocity 4.0.","Proiektu honen helburua Real Madrid-eko armarriaren mekanizazioa lortzeko zenbakizko kontrola programatzea da. Hau eskuratzeko, hasteko, erabiliko diren programek nola funtzionatzen duten ikasi behar da. Gero, CAD artxiboa sortuko da, Solid Edge programa erabiliz. Azkenik, armarria fabrikatzeko behar den zenbakizko kontrola programatuko da SurfCam Velocity 4.0 programa erabiliz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54033,2021-11-23,"Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) is a growing additive manufacturing technology that enables the coating (cladding) and repair of damaged parts, as well as the manufacture of three-dimensional parts with complex geometries. However, the complexity of the process is a challenge when it comes to obtaining zero-defect parts. By means of thermal monitoring, the aim is to foresee and avoid possible defects that could occur, given that this determines, among other things, the distortions, the microstructure and the residual stresses of the final part. In this work, thermal monitoring of the wire based LMD (LMD-w) process is carried out using infrared (IR) cameras and pyrometry. In addition, the position record of the robotic arm on which the laser is mounted is used to obtain the heating and cooling cycles along the path of the carried-out movements. ---***--- thermometry and thermography","Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) prozesua indar handia hartzen ari den fabrikazio gehigarriko teknologia bat da, non piezen estaldura eta konponketak egitea ahalbidetzeaz gain, geometria konplexuko hiru dimentsiotako piezak baimentzen dituen. Hala ere, prozesuaren konplexutasunak akats gabeko piezen ekoizpenean erronka bat suposatzen du. Monitorizazio termikoaren bidez, akats hauek aurreikusi eta saihestu nahi dira, honek zehazten baititu amaierako piezaren distortsioak, egitura metalurgikoa eta tentsio-hondarrak, besteak beste. Lan hau hari bidezko LMD (LMD-w) prozesuaren monitorizazio termikoan zentratzen da, zeinetarako kamera infragorriak (IR) eta pirometria erabili diren. Horrez gain, laserra muntatuta dagoen beso robotikoaren posizio erregistroa erabili da mugimenduen ibilbidean zeharreko beroketa eta hozketa zikloak lortzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54093,2021-11-25,"This work has been based on methodology at the service of learning and in order to do so I have researched a school and its needs within this field. Therefore, one of our goals when designing this investigation project was to offer a brand new organization of the playground, bearing in mind both the inclusion and gender equality. The playground space was divided into 6 areas and, as expected, the most popular one was the pelota court. We managed to provide both boys and girls with the same opportunities to play in all the areas; that is, thay had a balanced distribution of the space. Besides, we have confirmed that whereas some of the students have internalised the concept of equality, some others do not realise the differences. In order to achieve it, the cooperation of students, teachers and Management has been essential. The project has focused on a new playground offer for students of both 5th and 6th courses; 64 male and female students, 36 belonging to 5th course and 28 to 6th. We have collected information through various tools including observation and daily activities, among others. Besides, at the end of each week we have handed out an evaluation sheet so that students could include improvement proposals and also, in order to collect valuable information.","Lan hau Ikaskuntza-zerbitzuaren metodologian oinarritu da eta horretarako ikastetxe batean indagatu zen jakiteko zer nolako beharrak zituzten, modu honetan, Ikastolako jolastokiaren antolaketa berri bat egitea izan da helburuetako bat, betiere mutil eta nesken arteko berdintasunaren, inklusioaren alde lan eginez. Hori aurrera eramateko beharrezkoa izan dugu ikastolaren laguntza, bertan parte hartu duten ikasle, irakasle edota zuzendaritza taldearena hain zuzen ere. 2 astetan zehar burutu den zerbitzua 5 eta 6.mailako ikasleen patioko antolaketa berri batean oinarritu da. 64 ikaslerentzako, hain zuzen ere 5.mailako 36 ikasle eta 6.mailako 28 neska eta mutil. Informazioa eskuratzeko tresna desberdinak erabili dira, egunerokoa eta behaketa besteak beste. Horretaz gain, aste bakoitzaren bukaeran ebaluazio bat pasatu zaie ikasleei hobekuntzak egite aldera, baina baita ere informazio baliagarri bat eskuratu ahal izateko. Jolas tokiaren espazio 6 gunetan banatu zen eta ikusi ahal izan genuen bezala, gehien erabili zen espazioa frontoia izan zen eta lortu genuen neska eta mutilek gune berdinetan jolasteko aukera izatea, hau da, jolas leskuko espazioaren banaketa ikasleen artean parekatua egotea, besteak beste. Horrez gain ondorioztatu dugu ikasle batzuek berdintasunaren kontzeptua oso barneratuta dutela, baina badaudela beste batzuk oraindik ez direnak desberdintasunaz konturatzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68832,2024-07-09,"Additive manufacturing technologies, such as LMD (Laser Metal Deposition), are making their way into many industrial sectors. Due to their versatility and the absence of machining forces and wear, they allow for the redesign of many components, optimizing them throughout their value chain. Additionally, being a thermophysical process, it easily processes materials that are very difficult to machine. However, there is a major drawback: due to the low efficiency in the adhesion between the powder and the substrate, up to half of the feed material may remain unattached, turning into waste. In an effort to address this problem, this document proposes a methodology to study the possibility of reusing Inconel 718 powder in the LMD process, based on usage cycles where fabrication is simulated by activating powder and laser in idle movement to generate enough powder for the next cycle. The results are not entirely conclusive, although significant changes in the dimensions of the tests are observed from the third cycle onwards, so a verification test of the methodology used is suggested. The result of this test indicates that although changes in the powder are indeed induced, the method employed does not sufficiently replicate a real manufacturing process.","LMD (Laser Metal Deposition) bezalako fabrikazio gehigarriko teknologiak industriako hainbat sektoretan sartzen ari dira. Bere moldagarritasunari eta mekanizazio-indarrak eta higadurak ez izateari esker, osagai askoren diseinua birpentsatzea ahalbidetzen dute, pieza balio-kate osoan optimizatuz. Gainera, prozesu termofisikoa denez, mekanizatzeko oso zailak diren materialak erraz prozesatu ahal dira. Hala ere, eragozpen handia dago: hautsa eta oinarria arteko loturaren eraginkortasun baxua dela eta, ekarpen-materialaren erdia arte itsatsi gabe gera daiteke, hondakin bihurtuz. Arazo hori konpontzeko ahaleginean, dokumentu honek Inconel 718 hautsa LMD prozesuan berrerabiltzeko aukera aztertzeko metodologia bat proposatzen du. Metodologia hau erabilera-zikloetan oinarrituta dago, fabrikazioa simulatuz hautsa eta laserra mugimendu hutsean aktibatuz hurrengo ziklorako hautsa nahikoa sortzeko. Emaitzak ez dira erabat argiak, nahiz eta aldaketa esanguratsuak ikusten diren probetako dimentsioetan hirugarren ziklotik aurrera, hori dela eta, erabilitako metodologiaren berrespen-proba bat proposatzen da. Proba horren emaitzak adierazten du hautsean aldaketak eragiten direla, baina erabilitako metodoak ez duela fabrikazio erreal bat behar bezala errepikatzen." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41371,2020-02-20,"The main purpose of this End of Degree Project is to analyze teachers’ beliefs, that is to say, their attitude, as well as their knowledge regarding emotional education. In order to do so, a group of teachers has completed a questionnaire in which widely-held beliefs about emotional education are evaluated, raising questions regarding the comfort and commitment of the teachers and the support of the schools management towards the programming related to this topic. In addition, through this questionnaire, the teachers that have completed this dissertation have defined what they consider to be emotional education. According to the results, the teaching staff shows high beliefs regarding this issue. Nevertheless, only a 6’18% is able to give an in-depth definition of this concept.","GRAL honen helburu nagusia irakaslegoak hezkuntza emozionalarekiko dituen sinesmenak, hau da, adierazten duen jarrera, eta ezagutzak aztertzea da. Horretarako, irakasle-talde batek irakaslegoak hezkuntza emozionalari buruz dituen sinesmenak ezagutzeko galdetegi baterantzun du, non hezkuntza emozionalaren programazioaren aurrean, irakaslegoaren erosotasunari, konpromezuari eta ikastetxeetako zuzendaritzak adierazten duen jarreraren inguruan galderak planteatzen diren. Aldi berean, galdetegi horretan hezkuntza emozionala zer den ere definitudute. Emaitzetan ikusten denaren arabera, irakaslegoak sinesmen handiak ditu gai honekiko. Hala ere, bakarrik % 6’18a izan da gai kontzeptu honen inguruko definizio sakona emateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54005,2021-11-23,"English: Due to the global pandemic caused by COVID19 in the last months the measures to be taken in the industrial cleaning processes of all types of garments have been considerably increased. This has led to a substantial increase in the purchases of sanitary barrier washing machines, which specialize in ensuring cleanliness without exposure to contact infection. After analyzing this market opportunity, this project designs and manufactures a prototype of a sanitary washing machine with the second door at 90 degrees starting from a conventional machine guided by the company Fagor Industrial S. Coop.","Euskaraz: COVID19 birusaren ondoriozko gaur egungo pandemia egoerak bultzatuta, ehun ezberdinen garbiketa prozesuetan hartu beharreko segurtasun neurriak nabarmen zorroztu dira. Ondorioz, garbiketan infekzioak ekiditeen dituzten hesi sanitariodun garbigailuen beharra handitu da, hauen eskariak gorakada izugarria izan duelarik. Merkatu aukera hau ikusita, lan honetan garbigailu konbentzional baten modelotik abiatuz 90 gradutara bigarren atea duen hesi sanitariodun garbigailu baten diseinua eta prototipatua garatu da, Fagor Industrial S. Coop enpresak proposatutako proiektu baten eskutik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75401,2025-11-05,"Recently, the rapid growth of distributed telecommunications infrastructures has driven to the deployment of networks and equipment in remote locations, which has created an increasing need to remotely manage critical systems and equipment. This situation has fostered the adoption of multiple services, tools, and remote management protocols, enabling the operation, supervision, and maintenance of networks without requiring direct physical intervention. However, this new scenario has also brought significant challenges in terms of cybersecurity since many of the remote administration services used need to be exposed publicly and normally accesses done to them can’t be easily supervised. In response to this new scenario, the main objective of this Master's Thesis (MT) is to design and implement a monitoring tool that allows the effective supervision of the remote administration services exposed publicly, as well as the access to these services. The purpose of this tool is to facilitate continuous monitoring of these services, enabling the detection of usage patterns, identifying potential unauthorized access attempts, and contributing to the improvement of security.","Azken urteotan banatutako telekomunikazio-azpiegituren hazkunde azkarrak urruneko kokapenetan sareak eta ekipamendua hedatzea bultzatu du eta horrek, sistema eta ekipo kritikoak urrunetik administratzeko beharra areagotu du. Egoera horrek urruneko administrazioko zerbitzu, tresna eta protokolo ugari hartzea sustatu du eta, horrela, sareak gainbegiratzea eta mantentzea lortu da, zuzeneko esku-hartze fisikorik behar izan gabe. Egoera berri hau erronka handiak ekarri ditu zibersegurtasunari dagokionez, erabilitako urruneko administrazioko zerbitzu asko publikoki azaldu behar direlako, eta horietara egindako sarbideak gainbegiratzea ez da beti lan erraza. Master Amaierako Lan (MAL) honen helburu nagusia monitorizazio-tresna bat diseinatzea eta inplementatzea da, publikoki ikusgai dauden urruneko administrazioko zerbitzuak eta horietarako egindako sarbideak eraginkortasunez gainbegiratzea ahalbidetzen duena. Tresna honen helburua da zerbitzu horien etengabeko jarraipena erraztea, erabilera-ereduak detektatzeko, baimendu gabeko sarbide-saiakerak identifikatzeko eta segurtasuna hobetzen laguntzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24996,2008,"From the year 2003 in Spain the punitive reaction of the State opposite to certain types of delinquency, especially terrorism, has experienced a series of changes that finally escapes of the purposes that traditionally the law has attributed to the above mentioned reaction. The pardon and the repentance begin, or return, to occupy a space inside the purposes that the State chases by means of the imposition of the punishment. It is possible that the above mentioned changes correspond with that trend that nowadays is know under the name of “Criminal law of the enemy”.","Espainian 2003. urtetik aurrera, estatuaren zigortze erantzunak zenbait gaizkile moetarentzako hainbat aldaketa jasan ditu, tradizionalki erreakzio horri atxiki zaizkion helburuetatik sotilki aldentzen dena. Barkamena eta damutasuna berriro ere hasi dira espazio bat betetzen zigortzearekin batera estatuak betetzen dituen helburuekin. Baliteke aldaketa horiek bat egitea gaur egun “etsaiaren zuzenbide penala” bezala ezagutzen den joerarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25131,2003,"After analyzing the phenomenon of the organized crime and Trafficking in Persons, standing out the insufficiency of the international instruments dedicated to its overcoming, is examined the Protocol against Trafficking in Persons adopted by the General Assembly of United Nations the 15 of November of 2000. Also, the efforts to adapt the fight against trafficking in persons in a more restricted scope as it is Europe are explained, considering their own specificities.","Kriminaltasun antolatua eta pertsonen trafikoa, eta hauen aurkako nazioarteko tresnak zein eskasak diren aztertu ondoren, pertsonen trafikoaren aurkako protokoloa azaltzen da. Protokolo hau 2000. urteko azaroaren 15ean onartu zuen Nazio Batuetako Batzar Nagusiak. Ondoren bereziki Europan pertsonen trafikoaren aurka aplikatzen hasi diren neurriak azaltzen dira, bere berezitasunak kontutan hartuaz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69897,2024-10-11,"The Economic Agreement and Basque taxation form a unique tributary system in Spain. They grant the region a strong fiscal autonomy through the foral treasuries. Moreover, this particular regime, which has evolved over time, shares tax resources between the central government and the Basque authorities, although its fairness and economic consequences have been the subject of controversy. The analysis of this issue deeply explores the complexities of Spanish fiscal federalism and decentralisation.","Kontzertu ekonomikoa eta euskal fiskalitatea zerga-sistema bakarra osatzen dute Espainian. Hauek, eskualdeari autonomia fiskal handia ematen diote foru-ogasunen bitartez. Horrez gain, denboran zehar eboluzionatu duen erregimen berezi horrek, Gobernu zentralaren eta euskal agintarien artean banatzen ditu zerga-baliabideak, nahiz eta horien ekitatea eta ondorio ekonomikoak eztabaidagai izan diren. Laburbilduz, gai honen azterketak sakonki aztertzen ditu federalismo fiskalaren konplexutasunak eta Espainiako deszentralizazioa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14343,2015-02-05,"Design of a cogeneration plant based on natural gas fuel engine for a company of heat and surface treatments. To satisfy the energy needs of the plant, the electrical power will be supplied by an alternator connected to the engine and, at the same time, the enthalpy of engine exhaust fumes will be used for the production of steam required for the production. On the other hand, heat that is necessary to dispel of the engine will be recovered for water heating, in order to clean the cutting oil of the treated pieces.","Kogeneraziozko instalazio baten diseinua, gas naturalez lan egiten duen eztanda motor batean oinarrituta, termiko eta gainazaleko tratamenduak egiten dituen enpresa baterako. Fabrikaren behar energetikoak asetzeko motorrera konektatutako alternadore batek potentzia elektrikoaz hornituko du eta, aldi berean, motorraren iheseko keen entalpia ur-lurruna ekoizteko eribiliko da, plantan beharrezkoa da eta. Bestalde, aipaturiko motorraretik uxatu behar den beroa ura berotzeko erabiliko da, tratatutako piezen taladrina garbitzeko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60277,2023-03-06,"In this Final Degree Project, we present the design and implementation of an educational program for the first cycle of Early Childhood Education, taking into account the importance of music in the 0-3 stage and its benefits in the development of children. In the educational program we have designed a music corner for the whole course, with the objective of having the children work on the basic concepts of music, planning their abilities, contents and evaluation. We have been able to put into practice part of the program in a kindergarten classroom and the results have been quite satisfactory. The children have been satisfied with the intervention we have carried out, in general, with a very good response and we have seen the development from the beginning to the end. To obtain the results we have used different evaluation instruments and we have put the point of view mainly on the process that the children have had. In conclusion, we can say that the children have reached the objectives and competences set at a relatively high level, despite the fact that they are at different levels.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Haur Hezkuntzako lehenengo ziklorako programazio didaktiko baten diseinu eta inplementazioa aurkezten ditugu, musika-hezkuntzak 0-3 etapan duen garrantzia eta umeen garapenean dituen onurak aintzat hartzen baititugu. Programazio didaktikoan, ikasturte osoko musikarako txoko bat diseinatu dugu, haurrek musikari buruzko oinarrizko kontzeptuak lantzeko helburuarekin eta, horretarako, gaitasun, eduki, zergin eta ebaluazioa planifikatu ditugu. Programazioaren atal bat Haur Hezkuntzako ikasgela batean aplikatu ahal izan dugu eta emaitzak nahiko onak izan dira. Haurrak gustura ibili dira burutu dugun esku-hartzean zehar, oro har, erantzuna oso ona izanda eta garapena ikusi dugu hasieratik bukaera arte. Emaitzak eskuratzeko ebaluazio tresna ezberdinak erabili ditugu eta batez ere, haurrek izan duten prozesuan jarri dugu ikuspuntua. Ondorio moduan esan dezakegu, haurrek planteatutako helburuak eta gaitasunak maila nahiko altu batean lortu dituztela, nahiz eta haurrak maila ezberdinetan izan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23517,2017-11-16,"(EN) The main objective of this research is to observe the form and construction of the leaderships, both globally and locally, of two of the most important international social movements: La Vía Campesina and the World March of Women. In this sense, the analysis will cover the history of each social movement from the decade of the 90s, until nowadays. For this purpose, a theoretical framework will be used, on which the rest of the study will be based. Likewise, this theoretical framework will be strengthened thanks to the deep analysis of the leadership, internal, structural and situational characteristics of both social movements. Finally, a brief comparison will be made between them; highlighting the similarities, as well as highlighting the differences between the leaderships of the above mentioned movements and those of the traditional leadership.","(EUS) Hurrengo ikerketa honek maila sozialean gertatutako bi mugimendu garrantzitsuenetarikoen lidergoaren molde eta eraikuntzaren azterketa du helburu nagusi, bai maila globalean eta baita lokalean ere; Vía Campesina eta Emakumeen Mundu Martxaren mugimenduak, hain zuzen ere. Oinarri horretatik abiatuz, lan honek bi mugimendu horiek 90.hamarkadatik aurrera izandako garapena aztertuko du, beti ere garaiko marko teorikoa irizpidetzat hartuz. Marko teoriko hori, gainera, lidergoen inguruko analisiarekin irmotuz joango da, bai eta barne ezaugarri eta estrukturalekin, edota bi mugimendu sozialen egoerarekin ere. Era berean, bi mugimenduen arteko alderaketarekin amaituko da hurrengo lana, haien lidergo motaren eta lidergo tradizionalaren arteko ezberdintasunak azpimarratzearekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27633,2018,"Through this Final Degree Project, a didactic resource has been elaborated in order to develop mathematical contents in Primary Education by means of Physical Education subject. To do this, several games and activities have been proposed taking into account different criteria such as, the age of the student body, the type of activity and the issue that wants to be addressed. Moreover, the curricular study of both subjects and the importance of the interdisciplinary approach have been highlighted. Finally, with the aim of facilitating the work to the faculty members who want to utilize this recourse and enrich the Teaching-Learning process, the information about the games and activities has been provided in a functional and practical way which finally has been analysed.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako Matematikako edukiak lantzeko Gorputz Hezkuntza ikasgaiaren bidezko errekurtso didaktikoa sortu da. Horretarako, zenbait jolas eta jarduera proposatu dira, proposamenean ikasleen adina, jarduera mota eta landu nahi den gaia kontuan hartu direlarik. Halaber, Matematika eta Gorputz Hezkuntzaren azterketa curricularra eta horien arteko diziplinartekotasunaren garrantzia azpimarratu dira. Azkenik, baliabide hau erabili nahi duen irakasleen lana errazteko eta irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesua aberasteko asmoz, jolasen eta ekintzen informazioa era praktiko eta funtzionalean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72740,2025-02-13,"The purpose of this final degree project is the design, calculation and construction of a sewage sewerage drainage network in order to eliminate the septic tanks and connect the houses in the area to the existing sewage network. The network is located in the municipality of Larrabetzu, more specifically in the Belarrinaga neighborhood. It consists of Ø250 PVC pipes and prefabricated concrete inspection manholes, with a total of 1506,38 meters of network, taking into account both the main collector and the two branches. The sewerage network will function by gravity. More than 90% of the houses in Larrabetzu are connected to the sewage network; this network is located very close to the project site, so this work is proposed to avoid unnecessary wastewater discharges into the river and improve the quality of life of the neighbors.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek ur beltzen saneamendu sare baten diseinu, kalkulu eta eraikuntza ditu helburutzat, gaur egun dauden putzu septikoak kendu eta inguruko etxebizitzak gaur egungo saneamendu-sarera lotzeko. Saneamendu-sarea Larrabetzu udalerrian kokatzen da, Belarrinaga auzoan hain zuzen ere. Sarea PVC Ø250 mm hoditeriak eta erregistro-putzu aurrefabrikatuek osatzen dute, kolektore nagusia eta bi adarren artean 1506,38 metro guztira izanez. Grabitatezko saneamendu sarea izango dugu. Larrabetzuko etxebizitzen %90a baino gehiago saneamendu-sarera konektaturik daude; proiektua kokatzen den lekutik oso hurbil aurkitzen dena, beraz hondakin-uren isuriak ekiditeko eta auzokideen bizi-kalitatea hobetzeko planteatzen da lan hau." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73471,2025-05-08,"Nowadays, school gardens are becoming a common sight in schools and are increasingly being used as a teaching resource at all educational levels. This allows for the development of a wide range of curricular content and skills. The main objective of this work is to use the school garden as a living laboratory, working mathematical content. In this way, it is intended to recognize the garden as an educational resource, as well as the area of Mathematics. To this end, based on the garden of the UPV/EHU's Álava Campus, different mathematics teaching activities in the garden have been designed for the 3rd cycle of Primary Education.","Gaur egun, eskola-baratzea ikastetxeetako paisaiaren parte da, eta hezkuntza-maila guztietan gero eta erabiliagoa den baliabide didaktikoa da. Horri esker, hezkuntzako curriculumeko hainbat eduki eta gaitasun gara daitezke. Lan honen xede nagusia eskola-baratzea laborategi bizi gisa erabiltzea da, matematikako edukiak landuz. Horrela, baratzea hezkuntza-baliabide gisa aitortu nahi da, baita Matematika arloa jorratzeko. Horretarako, UPV/EHUko Arabako Campuseko baratzea oinarri izanda, ortuan matematika ikas-irakasteko jarduera ezberdinak diseinatu dira Lehen Hezkuntzako 3. ziklorako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25028,2006,"Security has become an unavoidable topic in contemporary political and criminal debates. The real and legitimate meaning of the concept must be stated: it is necessary to distinguish real security from perceived security, and feelings of security from the effective protection of legally protected interests; to recognize that concepts of security and risk are not univocal, but constructed from the different political and social directions; and to consider the role that security must pay in each area of the Criminal Justice System, in concurrence with other legitimate objectives of the System.","Segurtasuna, beharrezko gaia bihurtu da eguneroko eztabaida politiko-kriminalean. Kontzeptuaren egiazko eta bidezko esanahia ezarri beharra dago; benetako segurtasuna eta hautemate segurtasunaren artean bereizketa egin, eta baita ere, segurtasun sentimendu eta juridikoki babestutako ondasunen benetako babesaren artean; aitortu beharra dago segurtasun eta arriskuaren kontzeptuak ez direla adierabakarrak, eta orientazio sozial eta politikoak direla medio sortuak izan direla; bidezko helburuak kontutan harturik, segurtasunak zigor arloan daukan garrantzia ere neurtu beharra dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19633,2016-11-28,"We live in a time where audiovisual information has an increasing importance and computers are more and more used, either to access that information as part of the audience or to produce it, as it is the case of musicians and other professionals of related areas. So-called computers, in their majority, run either Windows or Mac OS, but due to their progress, free operating systems (especially Linux) have found their way in the market, increasing little by little their share. Therefore, it seems to be a good moment to offer a global insight of the audio architecture in GNU/Linux, which is apparently missing for the moment. This need is to be satisfied by doing a global yet quite deep analysis of the technologies that are part of the intricate audio system and designing four real scenarios. It will be done by building a wiki and a package dependency diagram whose format is explained down to the detail in the present document. In this way, as the new documentation provides further comprehension on the topic, it will help to improve and optimize the technology stack, making it closer to the current users as well as the new ones, thus fostering its spreading inside the tech market. The development of the project will then be beneficial for the developer community (in both technical and economic aspects) and also for the end users, who will have some sort of centralized available and easily accessible where they can look up their doubts. The estimated duration of this project is 302.5 hours and its cost, 16,155.74 €, which is detailed in the corresponding budget.","Gaur egun ikus-entzunezko informazioak gero eta garrantzi handiagoa du, eta ordenagailuak gero eta gehiago erabiltzen dira informazio hori atzitzeko (begirale huts moduan) edo produzitzeko (musikari profesional eta arlo antzeko langileen kasuan). Gehienetan, ordenagailu hauek Windows edo Mac OS-ekin ibiltzen dira, baina bere aurrerapena dela-eta, sistema eragile libreek (bereziki Linux) bere bidea merkatuan ireki dute eta poliki-poliki bere merkatu-zati handitu dute. Hori dela eta, momentu ona dela ematen du GNU/Linux-en soinu-arkitekturaren falta dugun ikuspegi globala eskaintzeko. Sistema korapilatsu hau konposatzen duten teknologietako analisi bai orokorra bai sakona eta lau kasu praktikoetako diseinuaren bitartez beharra honi erantzun nahi dugu. Horretarako wiki bat eta diagrama bat zeren formatua zehatz-mehatz dokumentuan deskribatuta dagoen egingo dira. Horrela ulerpen handiagoa egongo da eta horrek teknologia-pila hobetzen eta optimizatzen lagunduko du, bai ohiko erabiltzaile bai erabiltzaile berriengana teknologia hau hurbiltzen eta bere hedapena sustatzen. Proiektu hau egitea onuragarria izango da nahiz garatzaileen komunitate (teknikoki, jadanik esan denez, zein ekonomikoki) nahiz amaierako erabiltzaileentzat, zeinek dokumentazio zentralizatua baitute errazki bere zalantza guztiak kontsultatu ahal izateko. Proiektu hau 302,5 ordutan eta 16.155,74 €-tan eta balioztatu da. Prezioa dokumentu honetako aurrekontuan zehazki adierazten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24380,2010,"Tobacco use is a severely determined gender practice. In this work, first, the peculiarities of tobacco use, socio-demographic profiles, continuation and abandon referring to intra-gender and inter-gender differences are shown. In second place, the author investigates the believes, images and perceptions of the main myths who explain, supports and justifies the use of tobacco in the context of their everyday lives and like an answer of their material conditions and the femininity exigencies. Finally, it is explained the public policies’ role in the deconstruction of these myths.","Tabakoaren kontsumoa generoak irmoki baldintzatutako jardutea da. Lan honetan, lehenbizi, tabakoaren kontsumoaren berezitasunak aztertzen dira, erabilera, profil soziodemografikoak, jarraipena eta abandonatzea intragenero eta intergenero desberdintasunak kontutan hartuta. Bigarrenez, emakumeen tabakoaren erabilerari buruzko mito nagusiak azaltzen, mantentzen eta justifikatzen dituzten sinesmenak, hautemateak eta imajinak miatzen dira beraien eguneroko bizitzaren testuinguruan, egoera material eta emetasun eskaerei erantzuna eman nahian. Bukatzeko, politika publikoen zeregina aztertzen da mito hauen dekonstrukzioan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20512,2016,"A great man in office may securely rob whole provinces, undo thousands, pill and poll, oppress ad libitum, flea, grind, tyrannise, enrich himself by spoils of the commons, be uncontrollable in his actions, and after all, be recompensed with turgent titles, honoured for his good service, and no man dare find fault, or mutter at it.","Materrak 1617an argitaratu zuen idazlan ustez galduaren ale baten aurkikuntza aitzakiatzat, eta batik bat haren mentore izan bide zen Axularrek idatzitakoak abiapuntu, garaiko idazlanetan goresten den Bertrand Etxauz gotzainaren gizarte-proiekzioari buruzko berri eta gogoeta bakanen bat eskaini nahi du artikulu honek." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/7211,2011-07-05,"The present doctoral thesis centers on studying pyrolysis as a chemical recycling technique for rejected packaging waste fractions coming from separation and sorting plants. The pyrolysis experiments have been carried out in a lab-scale installation equipped with a 3.5 L semi-batch reactor and a condensation and collection system for the liquids and gases generated. In the present thesis, an experimental study on the conventional pyrolysis process applied to the aforementioned waste fractions has been conducted, as well as the study of non-conventional or advanced pyrolysis processes such as catalytic and stepwise pyrolysis. The study of the operating parameters has been carried out using a mixed plastics simulated sample, the composition of which is similar to that found in real fractions, and subsequently the optimized process has been applied to real packaging waste. An exhaustive characterization of the solids, liquids and gases obtained in the process has been made after each experiment and their potential uses have been established. Finally, an empirical model that will predict the pyrolysis yields (% organic liquid, % aqueous liquid, % gases, % char, % inorganic solid) as a function of the composition of the initial sample has been developed. As a result of the experimental work done, the requirements have been established for an industrial packaging waste pyrolysis plant that aims to be sufficiently versatile as to generate useful products regardless of the nature of the raw material.","Pirolisia hiriko ontzi-hondakinen erreusen birziklapenerako aukera gisa aztertu da tesi lan honetan. Pirolisi saiakuntzak 3,5 litro bolumeneko semi-batch erreaktoreaz eta likido eta gas produktuen kondentsazio eta bilketen sistemaz osatutako laborategiko instalazio batean egin dira. Lan honetan, pirolisi konbentzionalaz gain, pirolisi prozesu aurreratuak ere aztertu dira, besteak beste, pirolisi katalitikoa edota etapaz etapa egindako pirolisia. Lan parametroak simulatutako lagin bat erabiliz aztertu eta optimizatu dira eta, ondoren, lortutako parametroak lagin errealen saiakuntzetan erabili dira. Saiakuntza guztietan, lortu diren produktu gaseoso, likido eta solidoak sakonki karakterizatu dira eta ondoren izan litzaketen erabilerak aztertu dira. Azkenik, pirolisi errendimenduak (likido organikoak %, likido urtsuak %, gasak %, char %, solido inorganikoak %) erabilitako laginaren konposizioaren arabera zenbatesteko tresna bat garatu da (modelo enpirikoa). Egindako lan esperimentalean oinarrituta, ontzi-hondakinen erreusa tratatzeko instalazio industrial batek bete beharreko baldintzak ezarri dira, instalazioa, lehengaiak edonolako ezaugarriak dituztelarik, produktu baliagarri bihurtzeko gai izan dadin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14021,2015-01-16,"ABSTRACT: The last function of social institutions who works serving immigrants is to promote their social integration and their quality of life. Enhancing the qualitative dimension of this function imply to know the subjective psychology well-being level that uses these organizations. The main objective is to indentify and evaluate the dimension of subjective well-being f the adult immigrants who are users of three associations that are located in Vizcaya.The design methodology employed is qualitative; based in semistructured interviews applied to an intentional sample made up by seven adult immigrants who live in Vizcaya.The analysis of the testimonies shows differences between the levels of subjective well-being related with its level of participation and involvement in the belonging association.. The main conclusion extracted of the study is that the association has a positive influence in the immigrant´s well-being, and showing highest level of satisfaction in those who work like volunteers.","LABURPENA: Emigratzaileak gogoan hartzen dituzten entitate sozialen xedea, pertsona hauen gizarteratzea eta bizi kalitatea lortzea da. Honelako dimentsio kualitatiboa sustatzeak, entitate sozial hauen erabiltzaileen ongizate psikologiko maila jakiteak inplikatzen du. Helburu nagusia Bizkaiko hiru elkarteetako pertsona emigrante helduen ongizate subjektiboaren dimentsioak identifikatzea eta ebaluatzea da. Erabilitako diseinu metodologikoa kualitatiboa izan da. Bizkaian bizi diren zazpi pertsona etorkin helduei egindako elkarrizketetan oinarrituta dago. Testigantzen ikerketak, pertsona hauen ongizate subjektiboen mailetan desberdintasunak isladatu du. Bestelakotasun hauek haien elkartetan duten partaidetasun eta inplikazio mailarekin erlazionatuta daude. Ikerlan honen ondorio nagusia, elkarteak etorkinen ongizatean positiboki eragina izan duela da. Gainera, bolondres moduan parte hartzen duten pertsonen betetasun maila boluntarioak ez diren pertsonena baino handiagoa da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73245,2025-05-07,"This Thesis has analysed the effectiveness of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the evaluation of mathematical competence in Primary Education. For this purpose, through a previously validated quantitative research, a 36-question questionnaire was sent to 52 teachers in the Basque Autonomous Community. The results indicate that ICT are effective in assessing mathematical competence, although areas for improvement have been identified. This study highlights the importance of ICTs in educational assessment and proposes future lines of research and intervention, such as continuous teacher training and the implementation of policies of equity in access to ICTs.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek (GrAL) Informazioaren eta Komunikazioaren Teknologien (IKT) eraginkortasuna aztertu du Lehen Hezkuntzako matematikarako konpetentziaren ebaluazioan. Horretarako, aldez aurretik balidatutako ikerketa kuantitatibo baten bidez, 36 galderako galdetegi bat bideratu da Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko 52 irakasleri. Emaitzek adierazi dute IKTak eraginkorrak direla matematikarako konpetentzia ebaluatzeko, nahiz eta hobekuntza-arloak identifikatu diren. Azterlan honek IKTek hezkuntza-ebaluazioan duten garrantzia nabarmentzen du, eta etorkizuneko ikerketa eta esku-hartzeko ildoak proposatzen ditu, hala nola irakasleen etengabeko prestakuntza eta IKTetarako sarbidean ekitate-politikak ezartzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36854,2019-12-12,"The objective of this End of Degree Project is to define and start up an acquisition system to captureand processthose signals that make it possible to detect the wear of the diamond dresser within the grinding process. Thus, the process carried out is detailed, from the choice of instrumentation for the capture of the required signals, to the proposed testing methodology, including the necessary software applications. The capture of these signals and their subsequent analysis will serve to identify discriminant magnitudes of diamond wear and thus increase the useful life of the diamond, and indirectly of the grinding wheel. Likewise, this project is a preliminary step for the implementation of a real-time diagnostic system that allows the detection of diamond wear during the operation of the machine.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, artezketa prozesu baten barneko diamantatzailearen higadura hautemateko balioko duten seinaleak lortzekoeta prozesatzekobeharrezkoa den eskuratze sistema bat definitzea eta martxan ezartzea da. Honela, beharrezko seinaleak eskuratzeko ezinbestekoa den instrumentazioaren aukeraketa prozesutik hasita, proposatutako entsegu metodologiaraino zehazten da, erabilitako software aplikazioetatik pasatuz. Seinale hauen lorpen eta ondorengo analisiak diamantearen higaduraren magnitude diskriminatzaileak identifikatzeko balioko du eta honela beronen bizitza baliagarria luzatu, eta zeharka harri urratzailearena. Honez gain, proiektu hau makinaren operazioan zehar diamantearen higadura denbora errealean hautemateko balioko duen diagnosi sistema baten inplementazioaren aurreko pausutzat suposatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37104,2019-12-19,"This project has completed the analysis, simulation and control of potential failures of the Module 1 of the FMS-200 Cell. Thisend-of-degree work is a research project based on industrial automation, in order to apply the simulation philosophy with the objective of improving real industrial processes.The project details a procedure designed to complete the analysis of potential failures of industrial processes, and a methodology based in the simulation and control of the failures previously analyzed. In addition, a detailed description of the software used to complete the project has been done.In a nutshell, the main objective of the project is to implement a new procedure based on the simulation of industrial processes, in order to improve real processes that are being applied in industries.","Gradu amaierako lan honen bidez FMS-200 makinaren lehen moduluaren akats potentzialen analisia, simulazioa eta kontrola burutzen da. Proiektuaautomatizazio industrialaren esparruan jorratutako ikerkuntza lana da, eta simulazioaren bidezko gaur egungo prozesu industrialen optimizazioa du helburu. Horretarako FMS-200 makinaren moduluetariko bat erabiltzen da.Proiektuan prozesu industrial baten akatsen analisirako prozedura definitzen da, eta hauen simulazio eta kontrola burutzeko metodologia ezarri. Horrez gain, lana garatzeko erabili den software-aren erabileraren deskribapena ere jorratzen da, eta uneoro egin den lanaren funtzionaltasuna egiaztatzen da, eratu den metodologia prozesu industrial erreal batean integratzeko helburuarekin.Prozedura honi esker, gaur egun izugarrizko hazkuntza prozesuan murgildurik dagoen simulazio teknologiaren erabileretariko baten funtzionaltasuna bermatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24356,2015,"The author explains various reasons why it is desirable to find the truth with regard to the human rights of those who take part in terrorist criminal proceedings. With that aim in mind, the author considers not only the social effects of the Court decision, but also the situation of the victims of such kind of crimes.","Terrorismoari buruzko prozesu penaletan parte hartzen dutenen oinarrizko eskubideei dagokienez egia aurkitzea komeni dela defendatzeko arrazoi batzuk azalduko ditut lan honetan. Horretarako, erabaki penalaren ondorio sozialak ez ezik, delitu mota horren biktimen egoera ere hartu behar da kontuan" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63716,2023-06-14,"This project aims to highlight the problems that exist around the normalization of questionable conduct within documents and provide the essential notions in the matter that citizens in general should have, and especially, professionals within the legal field. For this purpose, an overview of insincere demeanor is offered together with some of the methods used to identify possible disingenuous actions, accompanied by the presentation of some examples that help to correctly understand the explanations. Throughout this investigation a reflection is suggested taking a multidimensional approach considering three perspectives: the legal, the social and the one that corresponds to individual responsibility. Finally, some illustrious cases are presented, which are expected to stimulate awareness about the complexity of the issue that concerns us in this field.","Lan honen bidez, dokumentuetan jokabide faltsuen normalizazioaren inguruan dauden arazoak agerian utzi nahi dira, bai eta herritarrek, eta, bereziki, esparru juridikoko profesionalek, oro har, gai horretan izan beharko lituzketen funtsezko nozioak ere. Helburu horrekin, jokabide faltsuen ikuspegi orokorra ematen da, dokumentua aztertzeko erabilitako metodoetako batzuekin batera, eta azalpenak behar bezala ulertzen lagunduko duten adibide adierazgarriak ere eskaitzen dira. Lan honek hausnarketa hirukoitza iradokitzen du ikuspegi juridiko, sozial eta indibidualetik abiatuta. Amaieran, kasu adierazgarri eta berezi batzuk aurkezten dira, lan honetan aztertutako gaiak duen konplexutasunez jabetzeko baliagarriak izan daitezkeelakoan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58492,2022-06-30,"The purpose of this work is to study the response to the exercise of the right to strike, which is the main instrument of pressure exercised by the workers' collective. In this case, it looks in depth at the substitution of the striking worker, as this is the most frequent case of injury related to this right, analyzing the different modalities, such as internal, external and, above all, technological. As a result of the fact that this is the newest, most current and most controversial aspect of scabbing, as there are no regulations governing it and there is hardly any consolidated case law on the subject, a case law analysis of this area is carried out. In order to carry out this study, it is necessary to know how strike action is regulated in our country. Consequently, the substitution of striking workers will be dealt with through its different modalities and the jurisprudential evolution of technological scabbing will be analyzed.","Lan honen helburua greba eskubidea baliatzearen aurrean ematen den erantzuna aztertzea da, horixe baita langileen kolektiboak eragindako presio tresna nagusia. Kasu honetan, langile grebalariaren ordezkapenean sakontzen da, eskubide horrekin lotutako kasu kaltegarri ohikoena baita, hainbat modalitate aztertuz, hala nola barnekoa, kanpokoa eta, batez ere, teknologikoa. Eskirolajearen alderdirik berriena, egungoa eta polemikoena denez gero, ez baitago hori arautzen duen araudirik eta ia ez dago horri buruzko jurisprudentzia finkaturik, eremu horren jurisprudentzia azterketa egiten da. Azterlan hori egiteko, beharrezkoa da jakitea nola arautzen den greba gure herrialdean. Ondorioz, langile grebalarien ordezkapena landuko da modalitate desberdinen bidez, eta eskrolaje teknologikoaren bilakaera jurisprudentziala aztertuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29703,2018,"This final project's purpose is to deeply research about the welcome period in the first cycle of pre-school education; that is, a period that children need to leave the family setting and to become part of a new environment: the school. Being this a significant change in children's life it is important to understand the fundamental aspects of the previously mentioned phase so school integration is a positive experience. The research made has the aim of analysing the differential characteristics of alternative pedagogy. To reach this purpose a qualitative investigation has been made, through an inquiry to summarize the most important aspects of this period in several schools with a different pedagogical system; Reggio Emilia, Waldorf and Montessori. The results of those inquiries are examined to reach the final conclusion on the studied topic. It is necessary to mention that the welcome period is not organized depending on the pedagogy, but on the characteristics of the school, giving a different view in each one.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bidez, harrera aldia aztertzen da Haur Hezkuntzako lehenengo zikloan; hau da, eremu familiarretik ateratzeko eta inguru guztiz berri batean integratzeko (eskola) haurrak behar duen periodoa. Aldi honek aldaketa adierazgarria suposatzen duenez haurren bizitzan, garrantzitsua da honen funtsezko alderdiak ezagutzea, hasierako integrazio aldia eskolan positiboa izateko. Burututako ikerketa pedagogia alternatiba ezberdinen ezaugarri bereizgarriak aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako, ikerketa kualitatibo bat burutu da, aldiaren alderdi garrantzitsuenak Reggio Emilia, Waldorf eta Montessori pedagogiak dituzten eskoletan jasotzen dituen inkesta kualitatibo baten bidez. Azkenik, inkestan oinarritutako emaitzak eta ondorioak atera dira. Esan beharrekoa da, harrera aldia ez dela pedagogiaren arabera antolatzen, baizik eta eskola bakoitzaren berezko ezaugarrien arabera, bakoitzean ikuspegi ezberdina emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34838,2019-07-26,"ABSTRACT Gears are one of the most efficient means for the transmission of motion in industrial machinery. On the other hand, they are one of the most complex mechanical design systems and suffer a high number of unexpected breakdowns and failures. A proper diagnosis of them is highly demanded by the influence on the economy of the company by reducing operational costs, supporting maintenance decisions and improving the level of safety. From this demand arises the Condition Monitoring whose main characteristics are the warning of imminent failure, greater precision in the prediction of failure and the help in the diagnostic procedures associating the failure to supervised parameters. In this project entitled “Theorical and experimental gear transmission modelling”, an experimental theoretical correlation of gear calculation is carried out in which, using different methods of analysis, a study of transmission error, tooth deformation and lifetime research is performed.","LABURPENA Engranajeak makineria industrialetan mugimendua transmititzeko bide eraginkorrenak dira. Bestalde, diseinu sistema mekaniko konplexuenetakoak dira eta matxura ugari zein ustekabeko hainbat porrot jasaten dituzte. Horien diagnostiko egokia erabat garrantzitsua da konpainiaren ekonomian duen eraginagatik, funtzionamendu kostuak murrizteaz gain, mantentze-erabakiak babestu eta segurtasun maila hobetzen delarik. Eskaera honetatik sortzen da Condition Monitoring, zeinen ezaugarri nagusiak hutsegitearen aurretiazko oharra, porrotaren iragarpenean zehaztasun handiagoa eta porrotaren parametroen bidez hutsegite diagnostiko prozeduren laguntza diren. ""Engranajearen transmisioaren eredu teorikoa eta esperimentala"" izeneko lan honetan, korrelazio teoriko esperimental bat egiten da engranajeak kalkulatzeko. Bertan, analisi metodo desberdinak erabiliz, transmisio errorearen, hortzaren deformazioaren eta bizitzaren azterketak egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24318,2014,"The criminal responsibility of legal persons was not declared until 2006 in the Romanian legal system. This work shows how is this responsibility, what are their characteristics, offenses and consequent punishment.","2006 arte Ordenamendu Juridiko errumaniarrak ez zuen Pertsona juridikoen erantzukizun penala aurreikusi. Ondorengo lanean, erantzukizun horren ezaugarriak azaltzen dira, pertsona juridikoek burutu ditzaketen delituak eta hauen erantzunak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23063,2017-09,"This project aims to self-sufficient a house from renewable energies, in order to improve the use of existing energy resources in the neighborhood of Bermeo, Almike. So a viability study will be carried out to know what types of renewable energy can be introduced in the house. Subsequently from .The results obtained from the study, we try to reach conclusions.","Proiektu honek, energia berriztagarrien bidez Bermeoko Almikeko, etxebizitza bat auto-hornitzea du helburu inguruko baliabibeak erabiliz. Horretarako, bideragarritasun azterketa bat egingo da zeinekin etxebizitza batean ze motako energia berriztagarri aplika daitezkeen aztertuko den. Azkenik, ikerketaren bidez lorturiko emaitzetatik abiatuz, zenbait ondorio aterako dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25845,2018-03-21,"It is essential to identify children who have high intellectual capacities and give them a personalized educational response according to their characteristics and needs. Thus, there are several methods that can be applied in the educational field, even so, most of them are aimed at responding to the academic part. However, often, due to different reasons, these students present emotional needs and we rarely consider this part. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to show how to develop the emotional component of the students with high skills, based on a real case, and creating a didactic proposal.","Adimen gaitasun handiko haurrak identifikatzea eta hauen ezaugarri eta beharretara egokitutako hezkuntza pertsonalizatua ematea ezinbestekoa da. Hala, badaude hezkuntza arloan aplika daitezkeen zenbait metodo, hala ere, gehienak alderdi akademikoari erantzuna ematera bideratuta daude. Alabaina, sarritan, arrazoi ezberdinengatik, ikasle hauek beharrizan emozionalak erakusten dituzte eta oso gutxitan erreparatzen diogu alderdi horri. Horregatik, lan honen helburua, adimen gaitasun handiko ikasleen alderdi emozionala nola garatu daitekeen erakustea da, horretarako, kasu erreal batean oinarrituta, proposamen didaktiko bat planteatzen delarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24479,2017-09,"The following Final Degree Project focuses on the design of a thermal solar system for domestic heating in a property located in Bilbao. For the realization, it has been made use of annual radiation data on the location, as well as the climate in the area, values released to the public by nearest meteorological stations. Then, the design of the solar facility is made using the well known f-chart method released by the Solar Thermal Processes, Wiley Interscience, New York, 1974 de Duffie J.A., Beckman W.A. book, through the implementation of a set of annexed tables. Next is the selection of the dimension, the configuration and the equipments necessaries, having the solar coverage, all of this following and complying with the Technical Building Code and the Regulation of Thermal Installations of Buildings. Finally, a budget is carried out, apart from the project scheduling, some alternative options and risks analysis and the delivered conclusions.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, eguzki-sistema tekniko bat diseinatu dut, Bilboko iriko etxebizitza bateko berokuntzarako. Errealizaziorako, eguzki-erradioaziorako urteroko datuak kokapenean erabili ditut, baita ere zonaren klimaren, estazio meteorologiko hurbilenek eskura jarritako balioen. Ondoren, eguzki-instalazioaren diseinua egiten da, f-chart edo bihurguneen metodoa emanez, Solar Thermal Processes, Wiley Intersciences, New York, 1974 Duffies J.A., Beckman W.A. liburuak emanda, taula batzuen bitartez, aurkezten ditudanean. Haren ondoren, instalazioaren eguzki-estalduraedukiz dimentsioa, konfigurazioa eta beharrezko ekipamenduak, Eraikuntzaren Kode Teknikoaren arauei eta Instalazio Teknikoko Eraikinetako Araudian jarraituz. Bukatzeko, aurrekontuorokorra, proiektuaren plangintza, ordezko analisi batzuk, eta prozesuan zeharlortutako konkusioak egiten ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14433,2015-02-17,"Through this document, we will try to gather and expose all the information and documentation we have developed to fulfill the project we are accomplishing correctly. The aim of it consists in designing and analysing a reflectarray that operates in the L band, but adaptable in order to make it compatible with other existing bands. Its main objective is to transmit a signal, optimizing its performance and cost. In this document we will expound aspects like: theoretical analysis of operation, the results of the simulations, tasks planification, etcetera. To sum up, it will be possible to find here everything to make this project successful, achieving all the objectives we have stipulated previously.","Idazki honen bidez bildu egingo dugu burutzen ari garen proiektuari buruzko orain arteko informazio eta dokumentazio guztia. Proiektuaren helburua L bandan operatzen duen reflektoarray baten diseinuan eta analisian datza. Reflektoarray honek seinale bat igortzeko balioko du, errendimendua eta kostua optimizatuz. Horretarako, dokumentu honetan proiektua buruzeko landu ditugun analisi teorikoak, simulazioen emaitzak, zereginen planifikazioa eta abar biltzen dira, hau da, proiektua arrakastatsu izateko landu behar izan diren aspektu guztiak, aurretik ezarritako jomuga guztiak burutzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14092,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: With this Grade Final Project we have designed and built a game that works the cultural and linguistic diversity and, therefore, it facilitates a better integration of immigrant students. In order to do this, firstly, we have analyzed the situation of immigrant students in the Basque Country. Afterwards, we have collected different experts’ ideas about the game and we have investigated what games were on the market that worked cultural and linguistic aspects. Thus, as our expectations were not achieved, we have created a game to promote linguistic diversity and intercultural and anti-racist education.","LABURPENA: Gradu Amaierako Lan honekin, kultura eta hizkuntza aniztasuna landuko duen eta, hortaz, ikasle etorkinen integrazioa erraztuko duen jolas bat diseinatu eta eraiki dugu. Horretarako, lehenengoz, Euskal Herrian dauden ikasle etorkinen egoera analizatu dugu. Ondoren, egile batzuen jolaserako iritziak jaso ditugu eta merkatuan kultura eta hizkuntza alderdiak lantzen zituzten jolasak arakatu ditugu. Jolas hauek gure nahiak bete ez dituztenez, hizkuntza aniztasuna, kulturartekotasuna eta arrazakeriaren kontrako hezkuntza sustatzeko jolas berri bat sortu dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67776,2024-05-08,"Emotional education emerges as one of the greatest challenges facing the education system in the 21st century. However, in order to face it, teachers must be emotionally competent. The aim of this study is to find out what level of emotional skills Primary Education (PE) teachers and future teachers possess, taking into account different characteristics (gender, teaching experience and training). For this purpose, the TMMS-24 questionnaire (Salovey et al., 1995), which measures Emotional Intelligence following the ability model, was used. In addition, 7 questions were added with the aim of finding out the participants' perception of the training received in that field. 51 teachers and 29 PE undergraduate students responded. The results show that the level of emotional skills is average and that there are some differences, especially between men and women. It has also been observed that the participants consider it important to educate pupils about emotions, but they consider that they do not have enough tools to face this challenge.","Hezkuntza emozionala XXI. mendeko hezkuntza-sistemaren erronka handienetako bat da. Hala ere, aurre egin ahal izateko, irakasleek gaitasun emozionala izan behar dute. Lan honen bidez, Lehen Hezkuntzako (LH) irakasleek eta etorkizuneko irakasleek zer gaitasun emozional dituzten jakin nahi da, hainbat ezaugarri kontuan hartuta (sexua, irakaskuntza-esperientzia eta prestakuntza). Horretarako, TMMS-24 (Salovey et al., 1995) galdetegia erabili da, adimen emozionala trebetasun-ereduari jarraituz neurtzen duena. Gainera, 7 galdera gehitu dira, parte-hartzaileek hezkuntza emozionalaren arloan jasotako prestakuntzari buruz duten pertzepzioa ezagutzeko. LHko 51 irakaslek eta LHko graduko 29 ikaslek erantzun zuten. Emaitzek erakusten dute trebetasun emozionalen maila ertaina dela, eta desberdintasun batzuk daudela, bereziki, gizonen eta emakumeen artean. Halaber, ikusi da parte-hartzaileek garrantzitsutzat jotzen dutela ikasleak emozioetan heztea, baina erronka horri aurre egiteko tresna nahikorik ez dutela uste dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22635,2017-07-18,"This work is a small study on prostitution structured in two large blocks: on the one hand, I make a general presentation of the basic arguments of the different feminisms currents (abolitionist and regulationist) regarding the prostitution phenomenon; on the other hand, I study the responses (and silence) of the Spanish State legislation to the issue, focusing on the Municipal Ordinances of Bilbo and Barcelona, and the so-called ""Gag Law"". Prostitution requires a comprehensive self-centered response as an institution, not partisan responses depending on how the activity is manifested in each case, as if they were watertight departments. To do this, meeting the demands of the prostitutes themselves, along with the serious debate between abolitionist and regulatory feminists, is crucial. It is the basis for determining our political position and, consequently, what is our strategy to achieve the goals we set: fight against liberal heteropatriarchy, sexual freedom, social justice.","Lan hau bi atal handitan egituratuta dagoen prostituzioari buzko ikerketa txiki bat da: alde batetik, bi korronte feministek (korronte abolizionista eta regulationista) prostituzioaren inguruan defendatzen dituzten oinarrizko argudioen ikuspegi orokor bat asaltzen dut; bestalde, espainiar Estatuko legediaren erantzunak (eta isiltasuna) aztertzen dut, Bilbo eta Bartzelonako Udal Ordenantzetan eta ""Mozal Legean” arreta jarriz. Prostituzioa, instituzio historiko bat denez, erantzun integrala eskatzen du, auto-zentratua. Erantzun partzelatuak, jarduera momento bakoitzean nola manifiestatzen den arabera hartzen direnak, ez dute balio. Horretarako, funtsezkoa da prostituten eskaerei, eta feminista abolitionisten eta regulationisten arteko eztabaida handiari aditzea. Honela, gure jarrera politikoa eta, ondorioz, estrategia ere definitu ahal izango dugu gure helburuak betetzeko: heteropatriarkatu liberala deuseztatu, sexu askatasuna, justizia soziala." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62432,2023-06-30,"This paper analyses the application of current legislation on female genital mutilation (FGM) and asylum, from the international level to Spain. The integration of international and European laws into Spanish law will be analyzed. It will also examine the situation of FGM s a form of harassment in the context of asylum, as well as the jurisprudential response of the Spanish courts to asylum applications related to FGM. In addition, the measures adopted by the Spanish government to prevent and combat FGM, as well as their practical implementation, will be analysed. In general, the aim of the work is to highlight the importance of protecting the fundamental rights of women and ensuring their security, particularly in the face of a practice such as FGM.","Lan honek gaur egun emakumeen genitalen mutilazioari (EGM) eta asiloari buruz dagoen legediaren aplikazioa aztertzen du, nazioarteko esparrutik Espainiako esparrura. Nazioarteko eta Europako legeak, Espainiako legerian nola txertatu diren aztertuko da. Era berean, EGMren egoera asiloaren testuinguruan jazarpen-modutzat har daitekeela sakonduko da, eta jurisprudentziaren bidez Espainiako auzitegiek EGMarekin lotutako asilo-eskaerei nola erantzun dieten aztertuko da ere. Gainera, Espainiako gobernuak EGM prebenitzeko eta borrokatzeko hartutako neurriak aztertuko dira, baita neurri horiek praktikan nola ezarri diren. Oro har, lanaren helburua emakumeen oinarrizko eskubideak babestearen eta haien segurtasuna bermatzearen garrantzia nabarmentzea da, zehazki EGMa bezalako praktika baten aurrean" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50971,2021-04-15,"For this final project, we have created a didactic proposal to work with music in Early Childhood Education. We explain the importance of music listening and music education from 0 to 6 years old and its benefits for children's development. Through this work, the aim of the different actions proposed is to bring music to the Early Childhood Education classrooms. In addition, to getting to know the author of the musical story ""Pedro eta Otsoa"", the students will work on the musical instruments that appear in the story as well as the musical concepts through the proposed activities.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Haur Hezkuntzan musika lantzeko proposamen didaktiko bat planteatzen da. Entzumen-musikalak zein musika hezkuntzak 0-6 urte bitarteko etapan duen garrantzia eta umeen garapenean izan ditzaken onurak azaltzen dira. Lan honen bidez, planteatutako ekintza desberdinekin lortu nahi dena musika Haur Hezkuntzako geletara iristea da. Bertan, “Pedro eta Otsoa” ipuin musikalaren egilea ezagutzeaz gain, ipuinean agertzen diren musika-instrumentuak zein kontzeptu musikalak landuko dira planteatu diren ariketen bitartez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14005,2015-01-16,"This work is based on the adaptation of one tale in vented by me, in which I also describe the materials used for it. I have done this work because children with autism are equal to the rest and they have the same rights as the rest. This is why it is important that the teacher knows which is the correct answer to give to the children with autism, especially to improve their communication and compr ehension. Therefore, they will have the opportunity to connect with the rest of the children and be more self-sufficient. It is very important to remember that every single child is different, so when you are doing any type of adaptation, you have to keep in mind the characteristics, necessities and the capacities of every single child.","Lan hau nik asmaturiko ipuin baten egokitzapenean oinarritzen da, eta horretarako erabili ditudan materialen ezberdinen deskribapena egiten dut. Lan hau egin dut autismoa daukaten haurrek besteak bezalakoak direlako eta eskubide berdinak dituztelako. Beraz, irakasleak jakitea zein izan behar den autismoa daukaten haurrei eman behar dien erantzun egokia garrantzitsua da, batez ere, haurren ulermena eta komunikazioa hobetzeko. Ondorioz, gainontzeko haurrekin erlazionatzeko eta autonomoagoak izateko aukera izango dute. Oso garrantzitsua da gogoratzea haur bakoitza ezberdina dela, eta edozein egokitzapena egiterako orduan, bakoitzaren ezaugarriak, beharrak eta gaitasunak hartu behar dira kontutan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29189,2018-10-22,"The objective of this Final Degree Project is the study and evaluation of an isolated photovoltaic system that could make energetically independent a house located in Cañizo de Campos (Zamora). The development of the project will be carried out by the PVsyst program mainly, but will be also joined by computations in Excel, taking data from different official sources.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua Cañizo de Campos-en (Zamora) kokatutako etxe bat energetikoki independentea bihur dezakeen sistema fotovoltaikoaren ikerketa eta ebaluazioa egitea da. Proiektuaren garapena PVsyst programaz egingo da batez ere, kalkuluak Excel orrietan egingo dira, datuak iturri ofizial desberdinetik hartuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36818,2019-12-12,"To determine how much intelligence a person has, normally IQ tests are used, which generally only measure logical-mathematical intelligence.Howard Gardner states that this method is insufficient and that there are 8 different intelligences, and each person develops them to a greater or lesser extent.The current education system is based on the grades obtained by the students, that is, those with better results are considered smarter.But this is not a sign of greater intelligence.As society is variant and dynamic, the world is increasingly complex. Because of this, new problems and challenges are emerging around us. Companies have to respond to these new necesities and for this, theyneed people with different abilities.For this reason, just as the world is constantly evolving, education should evolve same time, since as it has been proved it is not optimal.","Betidanik ikasleen adimena ebaluatzeko, adimen koefizientearen probak erabili ohi dira eta haietan bakarrik inteligentzia logiko-matematikoaebaluatzen da. Howard Gardneren ustez, metodo hori ez da nahikoa eta 8 adimen daudela baieztatzen du pertsona bakoitzak era desberdinetan garatzen dituena. Ikasketa sistemak ikasleen noteei garrantzi handiegia ematen die, hots, nota hobeagoak lortzen dituen ikaslea dimentsuagotzat jotzen da. Gizartea etengabe aldatzen ari denez gero, mundua gero eta konplexuagoa da. Hori dela eta, arazo eta erronka berriak agertzen ari dira. Erronka horiei erantzuna ematearen arduradunak empresak dira eta horretarako, gaitasun ezberdinak dituzten pertsonak behar dituzte.Mundua aldatzen duen erritmoarekin aldatu beharko luke hezkuntzasistemak, zereneta nabarmen geratu denez gaur egun ez da ikasleenahalmen guztiak garatzeko gai." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23269,2017-07,"In this document, firstly, the project is analysed internal and externally. The opportunities and threats the market presents are taking into account, and the strengths and weaknesses of Formula Drone project. Having done SWAT analysis, some aims to reach are proposed. To achieve those goals, some marketing strategies have to be chosen, such as corporative, segmentation, positioning and functional. Relating to corporative strategy, differentiation has been taken, giving the best service possible to clients, in this case, students. After defining the corporative strategy, it has been decided which segments of population are directed to the strategies. The aim public of the strategies is going to be analysed in the external analysis of the market: both students of the college and university. Through the positioning strategy, it is wanted the children to know that they will study a lot, it is the best option and finally, that it is going to be worthy for their future. According to the communication strategy, the university wants to increase the number of students in the degree of engineering telecommunication. The commercial actions that are derived from the marketing strategies are all related to communication: On the one hand, some traditional communication strategies are going to be used, such as designing a logo, put posters, go to fairs, schools and open days and giving a welcome. On the other hand, digital strategies are going to take into account, like creating a blog and accounts in social networks or online publicity. After designing the marketing plan, risks of not having designed well are taking into account and which conclusions can be drawn after doing this work.","Dokumentu honek lehendabizi proiektua bai barne zein kanpotik analizatzen du. Alde batetik, merkatuak aurkezten dituen aukerak eta mehatxuak, eta bestetik, Formula Drone proiektuak dituen indarrak eta ahultasunak. Behin AMIA analisia eginda, atzeman nahi diren helburu batzuk proposatu dira. Helburu hauek lortzeko, marketin estrategia batzuk aukeratu behar dira, hala nola, korporatiboak, segmentazioa, posizionamendua eta funtzionala. Korporatiboari dagokionez, desberdintze estrategiarekin apustu egin da, bezeroei zerbitzu hoberena eskainiz, kasu honetan, ikasleei. Behin estrategia korporatiboa definituta, estrategiak zein segmentuetarako zuzenduta daude aukeratu da. Publiko objektiboa merkatuaren kanpo analisian aztertuko da: bai batxilergoko zein unibertsitateko ikasleak. Posizionamendu estrategiaren bidez, ezagutzera eman nahi da proiektu hau baliozko proiektu bat dela, eta ikasleen etorkizunerako baliagarria izango dela. Komunikazio estrategiaren bitartez unibertsitatean ikasle gehiago matrikulatzea nahi da telekomunikazio ingeniaritza graduan. Marketin estrategietatik eratortzen diren estrategia komertzialak komunikazioarekin erlazionatuta daude guztiak:Alde batetik komunikazio bide tradizionala hartuko da, logotipo bat diseinatuz, panfletoak edo kartelak ipiniz, ferietara, ate irekietara eta eskoletara joanda eta harrera bat eskainiz. Beste aldetik, komunikazio estrategia digitalak daude, hala nola, bloga, sare sozialak edota online publizitatea. Marketin planaren diseinua egin eta gero, hau gaizki diseinatzearen arriskuak kontuan hartzen dira, eta zer ondorio atera daitezkeen lan honi egin ondoren." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14330,2015-02-04,"The aim of the current Final Degree Project is to analyze and improve the quality of the management and organization from the team Formula Student Bizkaia, so that it allows the team to be more competitive against the rest of the universities. In order to carry it on, on the first place, the different alternatives to take care of the quality of the management are shown. On the second phase of the project, once the best alternative is chosen, the study goes on through the evaluation of the different key points in which it is based. On the third part of the project, when the study of the key points has been carried out, a survey takes place so that the strong and the weak points are considered in order to strengthen or solve them, respectively. Finally, a breakdown of the different costs, including those that are needed in order to elaborate the analysis, together with another breakdown of the different tasks are shown.","Gradu amairako proiektu honen helburua Formula Student Bizkaia taldearen gestioa eta antolamendua ikertzea eta hobetzea da, Beste unibertsitateekin konparatuta hobea izateko. Hau egiteko, lehenengo eta behin, antolatzeko existitzen diren aukera guztiak aurkeztuko dira. Ondoren, bigarren pausua, aukera hoberena aukeratu ondoren, irizpide garrantzitsu ezberdinak ikertuko dira. Hirugarren pausua, atal garrantzitsuak, baita hobetu daitezkeen gauzak ikertu ondoren, puntu gogorrak eta puntu ahulak aztertuko dira, izan ere hauek hobetu eta ezabatzen saiatuko dira. Azkenik, gastuen zatiketa bat aurkeztuko da, ezaugarri guztiak kontuan harturik. Era berean, lan desberdinen aurkezpena egingo da, bakoitzaren iraupena kontuan harturik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16283,2015-12-01,"The current Work-End-Of-Degree aims at contributing to the development in an investigation line through the implementation of a mechanism which amplifies a onedegree- of-freedom movement. This project consists of optimizing an actual mechanism formed by a one-degree-of-freedom pneumatic muscle and a gripper so that it improves the use rate of the mechanism amplifying its final track. For that, an analysis of different multiplier mechanisms will be made as well as the design of the best option among them and the manufacturing of a functional prototype. Also the design and manufacturing of the auxiliary pieces will be made although they are not explicit part of the multiplier mechanism; however, they are necessary to the later implementation of this mechanism on the current mechanism, formed by a 5R flat kinematic mechatronic mechanism outfitted with the pneumatic muscle and the gripper.","Ondoren aurkezten den gradu amaierako lanak ikerketa lerro baten garapenean laguntzea du helburu, horretarako askatasun gradu bateko mekanismo baten laguntzaz mugimendua anplifikatu lortu nahi du. Aipaturiko mekanismoa, muskulu pneumatiko batez hornituta dagoena, askatasun-gradu bateko mugimenduaren optimizazioarekin mekanismoaren erabilera-maila hobetzea litzateke azkeneko mugimendua handituz. Hartarako mekanismo ezberdinen analisia burutuko da, horien artean aukera onenaren diseinua eta prototipo funtzinalaren fabrikazioa garatuko da. Horrez gain pieza laguntzaileen diseinua eta fabrikazioa burutuko da, kontuan harturik mekanismo biderkatzaileen parte ez direla baina mekanismoaren inplementaziorako beharrezkoak. Hau guztia zinematika paraleloko 5R mekanismo batez eraturik egongo da; muskulu pneumatiko eta bentosa batez hornituta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25602,1994,"It is accomplished a reflection about the Projet of the New Penal Code 1994 regarding to the prison penalty and Penitentiary lnstitution, bringing out how Penal Code renewal is necessary to undertake the penitentiary legislation reform.","1994.go Lege-liburu penala berriaren proiektuari buruzko gogoeta bat burutu egiten da, espetxeratzeko zigorra eta lnstituzio penitcmtziarioari dagokionean. Eta, Legegintza penitentziarioaren berriztea hasteko, Lege-liburu penalaren berrikuntzaren beharra azpimarratzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/61276,2023-06-02,"Forests offer numerous ecosystem services. These services are essential for human well-being; in addition, the European Forest Strategy for 2030 proposes forest management based on the multifunctionality of ecosystem services. Consequently, the need to promote the care and enhancement of these services is also evident in the forests of Bizkaia. One way to promote changes in the management carried out by forest owners can be public intervention. In order to achieve this goal, this paper will analyze the option for the administration to offer compensation to forest owners willing to apply management measures in favor of the care and improvement of ecosystem services. These compensations will be based on the SINCERE project case study based on Berriatua and different ways to apply the proposed policy will be suggested.","Basoek zerbitzu ekosistemiko ugari eskaintzen dituzte. Zerbitzu hauek gizaongizaterako funtsezkoak dira, horren kariaz, Europako 2030erako baso estrategiak zerbitzu ekosistemikoen multifuntzionalitatean oinarritutako baso kudeaketa proposatzen du. Ondorioz, Bizkaiko basoetan ere zerbitzu hauen zaintza eta hobekuntza bultzatzeko beharra nabaria da. Baso-jabeek egindako kudeaketan aldaketak bultzatzeko bide bat esku hartze publikoa izan daiteke. Horretarako SINCERE proiektuak aurkezturiko Berriatuako kasu ikerketa oinarri izanik administrazioak baso jabeei zerbitzu ekosistemikoak zaintzeko eta hobetzeko kudeaketa neurriak aplikatzearren eskaini beharreko konpentsazio batzuk aztertuko dira lan honetan, baita politika hau bideratzeko zenbait proposamen ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50976,2021-04-15,"The aim of this research is to analyse the behaviour and experiences of girls and boys in school sports’ field. This research is carried out in non-formal education, specifically in a swimming club in Vitoria-Gasteiz. The purpose of the research is to find out to what extent the patriarchal system and its ideals influence in the behaviour and values of young athletes. The study is made up of a sample of 10 girls and 8 boys who were given a questionnaire by means of an interview. Two discussion groups were subsequently held. For this purpose, 4 group interviews and 2 group discussions were carried out. From these dialogues and debates, the aim was to find out how they perceive their behaviour, attitudes and physical abilities. The results show the mark that the patriarchy leaves today in our educational culture and at the same time, the lack of a co-educational revolution.","Ikerketa honen helburua ,genero-ikuspegi batetik, neskek eta mutilek eskola kirola esparruan dituzten jokabideak eta bizipenak aztertzea da. Ikerketa hau, hezkuntza ez formalean garatzen da, hain zuzen Gasteizko igeriketa club batean. Ikerketa honen xedea; sistema patriarkalak eta haren idealek, kirolari gazteek dituzten portaeretan eta balioetan zenbateraino eragiten duten ezagutzea da. Azterlanak 10 nesken eta 8 mutilen lagin batek osatzen du, eta elkarrizketa dela medio galdeketa bat egin da. Ondoren, 2 eztabaida talde egin dira. Horretarako 4 talde-elkarrizketa eta 2 talde-eztabaida egin dira. Elkarrizketa eta eztabaida hauetatik, haien portaerak, jarrerak eta gaitasun fisikoak nola pertzibitzen dituzten ezagutu nahi izan dira. Emaitzek patriarkatuak gaur egun gure hezkuntza-kulturan arrastoak uzten dituela eta hezkidetzako iraultza baten falta dagoela erakusten dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29188,2018-10-22,"In modern wireless communication, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system plays an important role as it improves channel capacity, range and reliability without requiring any additional bandwidth or transmit power. This project presents a detailed analysis of capacity performance of MIMO systems under fading cases. Other variation parameters (frequency, modulation etc.) have been studied, which have helped to clarify how they affect the behavior of the system. First, a previous study has been carried out to determine what these variables are. From there, the performance (BER) of each system has been measured with respect to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Afterwards, a data processing has been carried out as well as graphic representation of the results. The final analysis of the results shows that the performance of the system depends on the different parameters and variables that have been taken into account.","Haririk gabeko komunikazio modernoetan, MIMO (Multiple-input multiple-output) sistemek funtsezko zeregina dute, ez dutelako banda zabalera ez transmisio potentzia handiagorik behar kanalaren gaitasuna eta fidagarritasuna hobetzeko. Proiektu honek MIMO sistemen funtzionamendu azterketa zehatza aurkezten du, fading kasu ezberdinetarako. Beste parametro batzuk ere kontuan hartu dira (maiztasuna, modulazioa…), hauek sistemaren portaeran duten eragina aztertuz. Lehenik, parametro horiek zein diren zehazteko azterketa bat egin da. Hortik aurrera, sistema bakoitzaren errendimendua aztertu da (SNR) zarata seinale erlazioaren (SNR) arabera. Ondoren datuak prozesatu dira eta emaitzen irudikapen grafikoa egin da. Bukatzeko, emaitzen azken analisiaren arabera, sistemaren errendimendua, kontuan hartu diren parametro eta aldagaien araberakoa dela ondorioztatu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58659,2022-12-02,"This paper analyzes the exemption of the obligation to testify in article 416.1 of the Law of Criminal Procedure in the field of gender violence. Within the subjective scope of the waiver, women victims of gender violence have the right not to testify against their aggressor because of her affection towards him. Hence the problems that have arisen when interpreting and applying the dispensation regime. In fact, in the field of gender violence, the woman is usually the only witness to the events because those crimes normally occur in private. Therefore, the declaration of the woman is fundamental. Moreover, the fact that the woman avails herself of the waiver leads in many cases to the acquittal of the aggressor due to lack of evidence. At first, the dispensation regime was very broad and could be used without limitations or exceptions. Therefore, over the years there have been reform proposals to modify it. In fact, in 2021 the legal transformation of the dispensation took place, limiting its regime. However, gaps remain around the use of the waiver. For all the above, throughout this work we have been analyzing in depth the regime and evolution of the waiver, turning to jurisprudential and doctrinal opinions to understand and solve the problems posed by this procedural instrument in terms of gender violence.","Lan honetan aztertu dugu Prozedura Kriminalaren Legeko 416.1.artikuluaren deklaratzeko betebeharraren dispentsa genero-indarkeriaren eremuan. Dispentsaren eremu subjektiboaren barruan, genero- indarkeriaren biktima diren emakumeek eskubidea dute bere erasotzailearen aurka ez deklaratzeko, harekiko afektibitatea dela eta. Hori dela eta, hainbat arazo sortu izan dira dispentsaren erregimena interpretatzeko eta aplikatzeko orduan. Izan ere, genero-indarkeriaren eremuan, emakumea izan ohi da gertakarien lekuko bakarra, normalean intimitatean gertatzen diren delituak direlako. Beraz, emakumearen deklarazioa funtsezkoa da; are gehiago, emakumeak dispentsari heltzeak erasotzailearen absoluzioa eragiten du kasu askotan, froga faltagatik. Hasieran, dispentsaren erregimena oso zabala zen, mugarik eta salbuespenik gabe erabil zitekeelarik. Hori dela eta, urteetan zehar hura aldatzeko erreforma-proposamenak egon dira. Izan ere, 2021ean dispentsaren lege-eraldaketa eman zen, haren erregimena mugatuz. Hala ere, dispentsaren erabileraren inguruko hutsuneak daude oraindik. Azaldutako guztiagatik, lan honetan zehar, dispentsaren erregimena eta eboluzioa aztertu izan dugu sakonki, iritzi jurisprudentzialetan eta doktrinaletan murgilduz, tresna prozesal honek genero-indarkeria arloan dakartzan arazoak ulertzeko eta horiei konponbidea emateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24995,2008,"In the field of crimes against privacy and company secrecy, the terms of intimacy and secrecy are linked in spite of refer to so different spheres like the physic person and the company. Considering the judicial pronouncements on this matter, we analyze the most controversial issues of these crimes in practice, showing the possibilities that offer the regulation of this conducts to protect corresponding legal rights from computer attacks and, also, exposing arguments that contribute to elucidate the doubts of this field.","Intimitatea eta enpresa sekretuei buruzko delituen alorrean, bai intimitatea baita sekretuak ere ukitze puntuak dauzkate nahiz eta pertsona fi sikoa eta enpresaren gainean mintzatu. Epaitegi eta auzitegiek gai honen inguruan erabaki dutena kontutan harturik, praktikak agertzen dituen arazo nagusienak aztertzen dira, portaera hauen erregulazioak sortzen dituen aukerak nabarmenduz, bai ondasun juridikoen babeserako baita informatika erabiliz egindako erasoen aurrean. Era berean, alor honetan sortzen diren zalantzak argitzen lagunduko duten argumentuak agertzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29455,2018-10-31,The implementation of curricula under the reform advocated by the Bologna model requires new teaching methods oriented towards practical learning. Subjects such as the teaching of programming languages currently have software development tools that facilitate the version control and they are fundamental in the training of students. This study proposes the development of a new methodology for the teaching of programming subjects that can make appropriate use of the version control tools and professional development environments available in the software development market.,"Bolonia ereduak aldeztutako erreformaren menpe dauden ikasketa-planen ezarpenak, ikaskuntza praktikoari orientatutako irakaskuntza-metodo berriak exijitzen ditu. Programazio-lengoaien irakaskuntza bezalako jakintzagaiak badituzte, gaur egun, bertsio-kontrola errazten dituzten software-garapenerako erramintak, eta hauek ikasleen heziketarako nahitaezkoak dira. Estudio honek bertsio-kontrolerako erramintak eta merkatuan erabiltzeko moduan dauden garapen ingurune profesionalak erabiltzen dituen programazio jakintzagaien irakaskuntzarako metodologia berri baten garapena proposatzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16174,2015-11-24,"Nowadays, many companies organize their management systems base on international rules and standards (ISO 9000, ISO 14000, OHSAS 18000…). Regarding all of them are supported on common values, the companies try to take advantage of the synergies between them searching the greatest integration and the obtainment of benefits, such as, cost savings, reduction of bureaucracy or efficiency improvement. Therefore, the aim of this proyect is to give some recommendations in order to allow the companies guide the integration of their management systems in an easy an agile way.","Gaur egun, enpresa asko nazioarteko estandarretan eta arauetan oinarritzen dira beraien kudeaketa sistemak antolatzeko (ISO 9000, ISO 14000, OHSAS 18000…). Sistema hauek guztiak printzipio komunetan oinarrituta daudela kontuan izanik, erakundeak sistema hauen artean dauden sinergiak erabiltzen saiatzen dira, ahalik eta integrazio mailarik altuena lortuz eta era berean kostuen eta burokraziaren murrizketa eta efizientziaren handitzea bezalako onurak ahalbidetuz. Hortaz, lan honen helburua, enpresek beraien kudeaketa sistemen integrazioa modu erraz eta bizkor batean bideratu ahal izan dezaten, hainbat gomendio aurkeztea da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63234,2023-06-08,"This Final Degree Project aims to study the crime of defamation and slander against the Crown in the Spanish legal system, typified in articles 490.3 and 491 of its Penal Code. It offers a detailed analysis of the notion of defamation and slander to later repair the characteristics, passive subject, protected legal right and criminal procedure of the crimes of arts. 490.3 and 491 PC. Likewise, it observes the articulation of the right to the honor of the Crown and the right to freedom of expression through national and international jurisprudence to attend to the scope, limits and the foundations of both. Its objective is not only to show the structure of those crimes, but also value the problems that they present regarding its nature, classification and legitimacy. It addresses the criticism of the European Court of Human Rights in the Otegi Mondragón against Spain case, as well as the specialized doctrine and recent casuistry of the matter, to analyze the meaning and raison d’être of the crime in the current Spanish democratic system.","Gradu-amaierako lan honen xedea Espainiako ordenamendu juridikoan Koroaren aurkako irain eta kalumnia delitua aztertzea da, Zigor Kodearen 490.3 eta 491. artikuluetan tipifikatua. Irainen eta kalumnien nozioaren analisi xehatua eskaintzen du, 2 ondoren 490.3 eta 491 KP-eko delituen ezaugarriak, sujeto pasiboa, eskubide juridiko babestua eta prozedura penala hausnartzeko. Halaber, Koroaren ohorerako eskubidearen eta adierazpen-askatasunaren antolaketa behatzen du, nazio eta nazioarteko jurisprudentizaren bidez bien esparruari, mugei eta oinarrei erantzuteko. Bere helburua delitu hauen egitura erakustea ez da soilik, baina haien izaerari, tipifikazioari eta legitimazioari buruz aurkezten dituzten arazoak ere baloratzea. Aintzat hartzen du Giza Eskubideen Europako Auzitegiak Otegi Mondragon Espainiaren aurkako kasuan egindako kritika, baita gaiaren doktrina espezializatua eta kasuistika berria ere, delituak gaur egungo Espainiako sistema demokratikoan duen zentzua eta izateko arrazoaia aztertzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25475,1997,"After specifing what can be understood by Judicial Police and which are its basic functions, it is explained the contents of the term “minors”, and, from the perspective of the juridical spanish orderment, general lines about actions taht Judicial Police has to develop, its intervention in the penal process, its functional dependence and its action respect to minors, are offered together with some proposals that would permit to improve the system.","Epai Polizia zer den eta haren oinarrizko eginkizunak zeintzuk diren zehaztu ondoren, “adingabekoak” hitzaren esanahia azaltzen da eta Espainiako lege antolamenduaren ikuspegitik Epai Poliziak egin behar dituen jarduketen berri orokorra ematen da. Zigor prozesuan nola esku hartu behar duen, zein menpekotasun funtzional dituen eta adingabekoei buruz nola jokatu behar duen azaltzen da, eta sistema hobetuko luketen neurri batzuk proposatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62014,2020-05-15,"This paper is a case study of the tensions between economic globalization, a powerful entrepreneurial drive and a domineeringating personality, and a football club that represents civic pride and local identity. The case study focuses on the conflicts surrounding the development of a football museum at the Mendizorroza football stadium of Club Deportivo Alavés in Vitoria in 2002-04, when the club’s new owner Dmitri Piterman tried to appropriate the museum’s designated space to display his collection of Dalí works and reproductions","Artikulu hau, globalizazio ekonomikoa, enpresa-bultzada indartsua eta nortasun menderatzaile baten eta tokiko harrotasuna eta identitatea ordezkatzen dituen futbol-klub baten arteko tirabiren kasu-azterketa bat da. Azterketaren oinarria 2002-2004 aldian Gasteizko Mendizorrotza estadioan Deportivo Alavesen museo baten garapenean sortu ziren gatazkak dira, futbol-klub horren jabe berria zen Dmitry Pitermanek museorako ezarrita zegoen espazioa bereganatzeko ahalegina egin zuenean, Dalí pintorearen obra eta erreprodukzioen bilduma bertan erakusteko asmoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29240,2018-10-23,"This project contributes to the request of ITU-R 214-5 / 3, which calls for more studies on impulsive noise. This paper presents the methodology, results and conclusions of the indoor measurements of four different frequencies in the range of 63 and 139 MHz for three specific consumption devices. The aim of the study is to find out how in the different proposed scenarios impulsive noise has effects on the wireless devices. This study has been done following the ITU-R SM 1753 recommendation.","Proiektu hau ITU-R 214-5/3 eskaerari laguntzen dio, zarata bultzagarriari buruzko ikasketa gehiago eskatzen duenak. Txosten honetan, barne inguruko neurketen metodologia, emaitzak eta ondorioak aurkezten ditra, 63 eta 139 MHz bitarteko maiztasun ezberdinetan, hiru kontsumo-gailu espezifikoetarako. Proiektuaren helburua eszenatoki desberdinetan, zarata bultzagarriak haririk gabeko gailuetan duten eraginazehaztea da. Txosten hau, ITU-R SM.1753 gomendioan oinarritu dago." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58796,2022-12-14,"Nowadays, new technologies have changed our society, as well as consumers' consumption habits, as exemplified by the evolution of marketing. Specifically, the Metaverses have become platforms for communication and interaction. These have generated great interest in companies because of their great strategic potential. This is due to the opportunities they offer, through immersion experiences, to enter the consumer’s mind, add value and differentiate themselves from the competition. In this work, through a theoretical analysis, the understanding of the functioning and the formation of the Metaverses as well as the marketing opportunities to benefit from them will try to be understood. From a practical perspective, the use of the presence of trademarks in the Metaverse is observed.","Gaur egun, teknologia berriek gure gizartea eraldatu dute, kontsumitzaileen erosteko era ere aldaraziz, marketinaren bilakaera da honen adibide argia. Zehazki, Metabersoak komunikaziorako eta interakziorako leku bihurtu dira. Hauek enpresa askotan interes handia pizten ari dira, potentzial estrategiko handia dutelako. Murgiltze esperientzia deigarrien bidez kontsumitzailearen buruan sartzeko, balio erantsia emateko eta lehiakideetatik bereizteko eskaintzen dituzten aukeren ondorio da hori. Lan honek analisi teoriko baten bitartez, Metabersoen funtzionamendua eta zergatia ulertzea du helburu baita hauek ustiatzeko marketin aukerak bilatzea. Gainera, ikuspegi praktikotik, marka komertzialen presentziaren ustiapena aztertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43282,2020-05-19,"In so far as the emotional education is which guarantees the whole development of the students, the physical education needs to take into account the experiences of the students and their emotions. Nowadays, the main goal of the physical education is to teach by different types of motor acts and therefore, it is neccessary for the teachers to cause different emotional experiences in their students by several motor acts. As well, knowing the structure of the games and analyse the emotions that they cause in the students, will publish new education strategies that will be useful for the teachers. To sum up, this work is presented to claim the gap of the teachers in terms of emotional education training and as a tool to fill this problem.","Ikasleen garapen osoa bermatzen duen hezkuntza emozionala izan behar duen heinean, heziketa fisikoak ikasleen bizipenak eta emozioak kontuan hartu behar ditu. Gaur egun, heziketa fisikoaren helburua ekintza motorraren bitartez ikasleek ikastea da eta beraz, irakasleek ekintza motor desberdinen bitartez ikasleengan bizipen eta emozio desberdinak sorrarazten dituztela kontuan izan behar dugu. Hortaz, joko jolasen egitura ezagutzeak eta ikasleengan eragiten dituzten emozioak jakiteak, irakasleentzat erabilgarriak izango diren heziketa estrategia berriak argitaratzea izango da. Amaitzeko, irakasleengan dagoen formakuntza emozionalaren hutsunea betetzeko aldarrikapen gisa aurkezten den lana da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29264,2018-10-23,"The main object of the proyect is the desing of an inyection mold for the manufacturing of a plastic piece for the motoring sector. The client asks for the manufacturing of a piece of the front of the car. For it, the client defines the geometry of the piece and the characteristics that the piece must complete. Now, with the desing of the piece and his characteristics, it is decided to manufacture by inyection. The proyect will consist in the desing of the mold and also the desing of the inyection process. There will be special attention on the inyection system, distribution channels, expulsion system, regrigeration system..etc with the help of the software Moldflow and Unigraphics.","Proiektu honen helburua injekzio molde baten diseinua da plastikozko pieza baten fabrikaziorako. Klienteak, autoren aurrealdeko pieza baten fabrikazinoa eskatzen du. Horretarako, piezaren diseinua eta haren ezaugarriak definitzen ditu. Piezaren diseinua edukita eta haren ezaugarriak baieztatuta, injekzio bidez fabrikatzea ezartzen da. Proiektua moldearen diseinua eta injekzio prozesuaren ikasketaz osatzen da. Injekzio sistema, kanalen banaketa, kanporaketako sistema, hozte sistema…etab. Haiei buruz foku egongo gara Moldflow eta Unigraphics-en laguntzaz" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36696,2019-12-04,"Nowadays the use of composites for the manufacturing of airplanes in the aerospace sector is essential. Moreover, due to it is an unexplored field, the technological advances are the order of the day in the leading companies. This project has the automation of the machining process of composites as primordial objective. It is important to choose the best tools which have the best behavior faced with composites. In order to complete that aim, there are some tests which must be done for obtaining the results which will be used to design the cut and wear equations. Those equations will be introduced in the algorithm of the robot that will complete the automation of the machining.","Gaur egun, sektore aeronautikoan, ezinbestekoa da material konposatuen erabilpena aireontzien fabrikaziorako. Era beran, behatu gabeko eremua denez, arlo honetako aurrerapen teknologikoak eguneko agindura daude puntako elkarte guztietan. Lan honen helburua material hauen mekanizazio prozesuaren automatizazioa da. Ezinbestekoa da konpositeekin portaera onena duten erramintak aukeratzea. Horretarako, zenbait entsegu diseinatu eta burutzen dira, hauekin lortutako emaitzak aztertzen direlarik erraminten ebaketa eta higadura legeak lortzeko asmoz. Ekuazio hauek, automatizazioa burutuko duen errobotari barneratu zaion algoritmoan gehituko dira" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63025,2023-06-07,"This undergraduate thesis project analyses the current situation of female domestic workers in Spain and the non-recognition of the constitutional right to collective bargaining in this sector. This study, carried out through a methodological process using a gender and intersectional approach, observes how the modern sex-gender system has been responsible for a social scenography with a clear priority assignment of the reproductive sphere to the female gender and the productive sphere to the male gender. As a result, a labour market has been highlighted that is marked by a latent sexual division through which a professional sector defined by a high feminization, a patent informality that leads to the underground economy and a deep institutional invisibility materialised in the inaction of the employment inspection. Even though the legislative changes made in the last decade have brought working conditions into line with those of other professional sectors, they continue to maintain lower standards of protection in terms of social security and immigration. In addition to the above, it has been concluded that collective bargaining, despite its technical complexity, has enough legal support for the development of the first collective agreement in the sector.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek etxeko lanak egiten dituzten Espainiako profesionalek bizi duten egoera koiunturala aztertzen du, baita sektore horretan negoziazio kolektiborako eskubide konstituzionala ez aitortzea ere. Azterketa hori genero eta ikuspegi intersekzionalaren bidez egindako prozesu metodologiko bat jarraituz egin da, eta honako hau aztertzen du: sexu-genero sistema modernoa eszenografia sozial baten arduraduna izan da, ugalketa-eremua genero femeninoari eta produkzio-eremua genero maskulinoari esleitzen diona. Horri esker, agerian geratu da ezkutuko sexu-banaketa batek zeharkatzen duen lan-merkatua; horren bidez, feminizazio tasa handia, ezkutuko ekonomia barneratzen duen informaltasun nabarmena eta Lan Ikuskaritzaren gelditasunean gauzatutako ikusezintasun instituzional sakona ezaugarri dituen sektore profesionala eraiki da. Azken hamarkadan egindako lege-aldaketek gainerako sektore profesionalen lan-baldintzak parekatu badituzte ere, gizarte-segurantzaren eta immigrazioaren arloko babes-estandar apalagoei eusten diete. Aurrekoarekin batera, ondorioztatu da negoziazio kolektiboak, konplexutasun teknikoa gorabehera, babes juridiko nahikoa duela sektoreko honetan lehen hitzarmen kolektiboa abian jartzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64640,2018,"In this article we analyze the impact of censorship dynamics on symbolic reality of the communities; more specifically, we will look at the cultural resistance that develop Stateless communities to deal with the restrictive power of censorship. To do so, on the one hand, we will present some theoretical tools to analyze the relationship between symbolic reality and censorship and, on the other hand, we will reflect on the usefulness of these tools in corres- pondence with the Basque reality from 1960 to 1980","Artikulu honetan lantzen dugu zentsura dinamikek komunitateen errealitate sinbolikoa- ren baitan duten eragina; zehazki, estaturik gabeko komunitateek zentsuraren indar kamus- taileari aurre egiteko garatzen duten erresistentzia kulturalari erreparatuko diogu. Horreta- rako, batetik, zentsuraren eta errealitate sinbolikoaren arteko dinamikak aztertzeko tresna teoriko zenbait aurkeztuko ditugu eta, bertzetik, horien baliagarritasuna hausnartuko dugu 1960-1980 bitarteko euskal errealitatearekiko korrespondentzian" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/8036,2008,"Zabala's grammatical work (1848) has only deserved the attention of Bascologists in the field of dialectology (Zuazo 1988) and because of its contribution to the appearance of the Bizkaian literary dialect (Urgell 2001) or the appearance of hyper-Bizkaian (Laka 1986, Zuazo 1989). This article is an initial approach to Zabala's linguistic ideas, comparing them fundamentally with its two main sources: Larramendi and Astarloa.","Zabalaren gramatika lanak (1848) euskalarien arreta bildu du, baina soilki dialektologiaren aldetik (Zuazo 1988) eta literatur bizkaiera (Urgell 2001) edo hiperbizkaiera (Laka 1986, Zuazo 1989) sortzen egindako ekarpenagatik. Artikulu hau Zabalaren ideia linguistikoetara egindako lehen hurbiltzea da, funtsean haren bi iturri nagusiekin konparatuz: Larramendi eta Astarloa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24474,2017-09,"The use of materials difficult to machine such as superalloys has been extended in recent years in the aeronautical sector. This is due to its excellent mechanical properties, however its machinability is very low, and therefore its productivity is reduced as well as the life of the tools when machining. The research carried out in this work is centred on validating a mathematical model calculated by the research centre in applied mathematics BCAM by means of which it is tried to mechanize non-developing surfaces using the technique of flank milling, that is to say, milling using all the length of the tooth. For this purpose, the BCAM center has calculated a mathematical model that allows transforming the non-developable surface of a blade into a developable surface in which the previously mentioned technique can be applied. It is tried to verify if the quality of machining of this type of pieces would enter within the parameters demanded in the aeronautical market. In this way, it would be possible to improve machining times and also increase productivity at the cost of reducing tool life times.","Mekanizatzeko zailak diren materialen erabilera azken urteetan handitu egin da sektore aeronautikoan. Hau gertatu da oso propietate mekaniko onak dituztelako, hala ere, haien mekanizagarritasuna oso txikia da, horregatik produktibitate murriztua dute eta erreminten bizitza motza aurkezten dute. Lan honetan egindako ikerketaren bidez modelo matematiko bat baliozkotu nahi da, modelo hau BCAM zentroak kalkulatu egin du y haren bidez gainazal ez-garagarriak mekanizatu egin nahi dira flank milling deitzen den teknika erabilita, hau da, erremintaren luzera osoa erabiliz. Horretarako, BCAM zentroak kalkulatu egin du modelo matematiko bat non gainazal ez-garagarriak gainazal garagarrietan bihurtzen dituen, era honetan aurrean deskribatu dudan teknika erabili daiteke. Lan honen bidez ere konprobatu nahi da ea zer nolako kalitatea lortzen den mekanizazioaren ondoren eta merkatu aeronautikoaren parametroak betetzen dituen ala ez. Emaitza onak lortzen badira mekanizazio denbora asko murriztuko litzateke eta produktibitatea handituko litzateke, baina erreminten bizitzan murriztuko litzateke." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60227,2023-03-03,"Given the scarce information on foreign adopted children (at school level, teacher training level, etc.) and considering the importance of making the situation of this group visible, this work carries out an investigation on the subject through the collection of testimonies of adoptive parents and adopted children about their experiences. It also examines the discrimination and racism suffered by these students because of their physical features. On the other hand, we analyze the emotional, social and academic consequences that adoption has had on these people: for example, self-esteem problems, attachment disorder, trauma, etc. In order to address the situation, we discuss the involvement that the school should have in order to meet the needs of both the students and their families.","Oro har, atzerriko haur adoptatuei buruzko informazio gutxi dago (eskoletan, irakasleei zuzendutako formazioan, etab.) Kontuan hartuta oso garrantzitsua dela kolektibo ahul horren egoera behar bezala ezagutzea, lan honetan azterketa bat egiten da guraso adoptiboen eta adoptatutako haurren bizipenak bilduz. Era berean, haur horiek beren ezaugarri fisikoengatik jasaten duten diskriminazio eta arrazakeria aztertzen dira. Horretaz gain, adopzioak alderdi sozial, emozional eta akademikoan sortutako eraginak ere aztertu ditugu; hala nola, autoestimu arazoak, atxikimendu-nahasmendua (“trastorno del apego” deritzona), trauma, etab. Hori guztia behar bezala bideratzeko, eskolak zer nolako inplikazioa izan beharko lukeen eztabaidatzen da, ume adoptatuen premiak bermatzeko, baita beren familienak ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20748,2013,"Without any pretensions to establishing degrees of originality, the book ""Debocino escua- rra, mirailla eta oracinoteguia"" published by Joanes Haranburu in 1635 could be an appropriate vantage-point from which to consider the issue of intertextuality. We have been excessively slow to elucidate the links and derivations between works of our classical literature. Without rejecting the possibility of other sources the primary effort in the present article has been that of clarifying what Haranburu owes to the work of Esteban Materre and highlighting the most important features of his debt.","Originaltasun-eskalarik finkatzeko xede orotatik at bada ere, honako lan honek intertestualitatearen problematikari heltzeko talaia egokitzat iritzi dio Joanes Haranburuk 1635ean argitaratu zuen ""Debocino escuarra, mirailla eta oracinoteguia"" liburuari. Izan ere, lar gibelatua da gure literatura klasikoan idazlanen arteko lotura eta filiazio-lerroak azaleratzeko jarduera. Bestelako iturburuen azterketa saihestu gabe, bereziki Haranburuk Estebe Materreren harrobiarekin dituen zorretan sakontzea eta haietako funtsezkoenak nabarmentzea izan da oraingo artikulu honen ahalegin nagusia." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28170,2018-07-23,"Over the years, the generation of waste has increased due to the consumer society with low knowledge in recycling in which we are living. The main objective of this study is to carry out, while working as a Deck Cadet, the study of the amount of garbage that is generated in a RO/PAX vessel and a study of the Garbage Management Plan. The most relevant result is the non-correspondence of the number of people on board and the amount of waste generated. I carried out a new Waste Management Plan so that it can be carried out in order to improve on-board waste management. This proposed new plan helps minimizing vessel contamination.","Urteetan zehar hondakinen sorrera handituz joan da bizi garen ko ntsumo gizarte honek birziklatzeari buruz duen ezagutza urriaren erruz. Azterlan honen helburua da RO/PAX ontzi batean sortzen den zabor kantitatearen azterketa egitea Zubiko ikasle praktiketan, eta, era berean, Zaborren Kudeaketa Plana aztertzea. Emaitzarik adierazgarriena da ontzian dauden pertsonen kopuruaren eta sortutako zabor kantitatearen arteko korrespondentziarik eza. Zaborren Kudeaketa Plan berri bat egiten da hura aplikatu eta ontzian zaborren kudeaketa hobetu ahal izateko. Proposatutako plan berri horrek ontziaren kutsadura minimizatzen laguntzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16193,2015-11-25,"The objective of this End of Grade Work is to study a program called ROS, a framework to program robots. It supplies a series of tools, libraries, drivers… that make programing robotic systems easier. To complete this study, ROS will be used to design an application for a LEGO Mindstorms NXT robot. These robots are small and versatile, and are adequate for investigation. The application that will be programmed will be a line follower, a robot able to follow a track drawn over a surface of a different color. To program the application, the tools provided by ROS will be used, as long as this is possible. This way, it is expected to reach a wide comprehension of ROS and the way it works, with its strengths and weaknesses.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua ROS izeneko programa ikastea da. ROS robotak programatzeko ingurune bat da. Erreminta, liburutegi, driver… kopuru bat eskaintzen ditu, zeinek sistema robotikoen programazioa asko errazten duten. Ikasketa hau egiteko LEGO Mindstorms NXT robot batentzako aplikazio bat sortzeko erabiliko da ROS. Robot txiki hauek erabilera ugari izan ditzakete eta egokiak dira ikerketarako. Egingo den aplikazioa lerro jarraitzaile bat izango da, gainazal baten gainean beste kolore batez marraztutako pista bat jarraitzeko gai den robota. Aplikazioa programatzeko, ROS-ek eskainitako erremintak erabiliko dira, hau posiblea denean. Era honetan ROS-en eta bere funtzionamenduaren ulermen hobea lortzea espero da, ROS-ek dituen indar eta ahuleziekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25919,2018-03-22,"When it comes to participating in society, there are noticeable gender differences amongst people ages 65 and older. These differences could be explained by the persistence of stereotypes associated to women of that age throughout their lives. The main goal of this qualitative study is to detect the barriers these women face when they want to participate in society and give some proposal for intervencion. The analytic tools that have been used are the focus group and in-depth interviews. The results show that the most significant impediments that affect this collective to participate in society are related to gender roles, ageism, personal behaviour and excessive self-demand.","Gizartean parte -hartzeko orduan , markatuta ageri dira genero desberdintasunak 65 urtetik gorakoen pertsonen kasuan. Hau , emakume hauek bizitza guztian zehar jasan izan dituzten estereotipo finko eta iraunkor batzuen ondorioz gertatzen da .Lan ikerketa kualitatibo honen helburu nagusia, gaur egun emakume hauek parte hartzeko orduan izaten duten barrerak detektatzean eta jarduteko bieak eskaintzean datza .Erabilitako tresnak talde fokalak eta elkarrizketa sakonak izan dira .Ondorioetan aipatu beharko litzteke, 65urtetik gorakoen emakumezkoek, parte hartzeko orduan izaten duten barrera nagusienak hauek direla: genero rolak,jarrera pertsonalak ,adin horretakoa izateagaitik jasandako ondorio negatiboak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19345,2016-10-20,"In present day society, due to the increase of noise level, the importance of sound insulation of different spaces has increased. One of the most common solutions for this is to place absorption materials. Therefore, it is essential to know and understand the sound absorption properties of these materials. In this area, one of the most important properties is the absorption coefficient and between the techniques which are used to calculate it, the two microphones technique will be used. The aim of this work is to put into operation a system that uses the two microphones technique and to realize measurements with different samples. In addition, as there are not reference materials for this property, the followed methodology must be clearly explained and for this purpose a user guide of the system will be developed.","Gaur egungo gizarteko zarata mailaren gorakada dela eta, espazio ezberdinen isolamendu akustikoaren garrantzia handitu egin da. Honetarako konponbiderik erabilienetarikoa, xurgapeneko materialen kokapena da. Beraz, material hauen soinuaren xurgapen propietateak ezagutzea eta ulertzea ezinbestekoa da. Arlo honetan, propietaterik esanguratsuena, soinuaren xurgapen koefizientea da, eta hau neurtzeko tekniken artean, bi mikrofonoen teknika erabiliko da. Lan honen helburua ondorioz, xurgapen koefizientearen neurketarako bi mikrofonoen teknika erabiltzen duen sistema martxan jartzea eta zenbait laginekin neurketak egitea da. Gainera, propietate honentzat erreferentziako materialik ez dagoenez, erabilitako metodologia oso argi zehaztu beharra dago, eta honetarako, sistemaren erabilpen gida ere garatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57145,2022-08-02,"In this master’s thesis a dimensionless numerical model of the lock-in infrared thermography ex- periment for the detection of open-surface cracks is developed. Starting with the constitutive equation and the boundary conditions associated with the laser and the cracks, their dimensions are removed by introducing length, time and temperature scales related to the physical problem. As a result, a set of dimensionless parameters is obtained, that allows to give a broader vision to the problem, while maintaining the mathematical simplicity of the dimensional model. Once the dimensionless equations are obtained, they are implemented in a finite element method multiphysics software called OpenFoam. With this objective, in this work the full numerical calcu- lation process has been developed: the pre-processing (or meshing), processing and post-processing stages. After implementing the equations in the finite element method software a parametric analysis has been performed by means of different simulations in order to analyze the effect of each of the dimensionless parameter in the resulting amplitude thermogram. (English language)","Master amaierako lan honetan, gainazalera irekitako pitzadurak detektatzeko termografia infragorri modulatuko esperimentuaren zenbakizko eredu adimentsional bat garatzen da. Eratze-ekuaziotik eta laserraren eta pitzadurak sartutako mugalde baldintzetatik abiatuta, adimentsionalizazio proze- sua gauzatzen da, arazo fisikoari lotutako luzera, denbora eta tenperatura eskalak sartuz. Ondorioz, parametro adimentsionalen multzo bat lortzen da, arazoari ikuspegi zabalagoa emateko aukera ematen duena, eta, aldi berean, planeamendu dimentsionalaren sinpletasun matematikoari eusten diona. Dimentsioak ezabatu ondoren, ekuazio horiek OpenFoam izeneko elementu finituen metodoen software multifisikoan inplementatzen dira. Horretarako, lan honetan jarraitu diren hiru kalkulu- etapak jasotzen dira: aurre-prozesatzea (edo saretzea), prozesatzea eta prozesatu ostekoa. Elementu finituen metodoaren softwarean ekuazioak inplementatu ondoren, analisi parametriko bat egiten da hainbat simulazioren bidez, parametro adimentsional bakoitzak anplitude-termograman duen eragina aztertzeko. (Euskera)" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14333,2015-02-04,"This project contains the design of a half chassis to incorporate in a motorcycle of competition and also the way it is supported to the chassis. The half chassis is an structural part of a motorcycle and although it´s maybe not necessary in a competition motorbike, because the pilot in this races goes in an aerodynamic position and stands supported by the chassis, it´s a part that every motorbike has and it´s function is to transmit every forces, inertial or gravitational, that the pilot creates. Sometimes the chassis and the half chassis are one piece, instead of, as in our case, being two pieces that are fixed with each other somehow. First of all it´s necessary to compare all the ways that this project can be done (pipes, sheet…) and all the materials that can be used, fabrication processes… finally there will have to choose the best option economically and technically and all the process will be analyzed and improved to reach our final result.","Proiektu honek lehiaketarako moto baten erditxasia garatzen du, baita txasira lotuta egongo den modua ere. Erditxasia pieza estruktural bat da eta nahiz eta agian beharrezkoa ez izan lehiaketako moto batean, izan ere hauetan pilotuek ipurdia oso aurrean kokatzen dute pisua txasira bideratuz, moto guztiek duten atal bat da eta pertsonaren pisua eta honek egiturari eragiten dizkion indar eta esfortzuak eusteko erabiltzen da. Kasu batzuetan txasiaren beraren barnean egoten da zati hau eta beraz dena pieza bat izaten da, baina gure kasuan biak, erditxasia eta txasia elkarri lotuta egongo dira. Hasteko erditxasi hau zein eratara fabrikatua izan daitekeen aztertuko da(hodi, txapa…), eta modu bakoitzaren abantailak eta desabantailak ikusi beharko dira azkenik nola egingo den aukeratzeko. Honela gure piezaren eboluzio bat emango da guk behar ditugun exijentzia teknikoak bete ditzan eta ekonomikoki ere bideragarria izan dadin. Amaitzeko pieza bere lekuan bermatzeko beharko diren elementu laguntzaileak ere kalkulatu edo aukeratu beharko dira, lehiaketan dugun portaera guk nahi duguna izan dadin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23110,2017-07,"In this papers a complete research about lower-mobility parallel mechanisms is shown. In this way, the investigation has been divided into three parts. Firstly, the bibliography related to parallel mechanisms is studied. Secondly, the capacity of the serial mechanisms and parallel mechanisms is compared. Nowadays, serial robots are used much more than parallel robots. Finally, a mechanism from the bibliography is chosen and analysed in depth through some simulations. The benefits and consequences of a possible implementation are developed. A conclusion is given.","Hurrengo txostenean mugikortasun gutxiko beritxuragarri diren mekanismo paraleloei buruzko ikerketa egin da. Horretarako, prozesua hirutan banatu da. Lehenik, honekin zerikusia daukan bibliografia aztertu da, atalburu honetan mekanismo paralelo guztiekin lan egiten da. Bigarrenik, mekanismo paraleloen gaitasunak serie-mekanismoekin, industria-sektorean indarrean dauden mekanismoekin, alderatu dira. Azkenik, bibliografiako mekanismo bat aukeratu da eta simulaziok egin dira, bere jokaera azaltzeko xedearekin. Bere inplementazio ekar ditzakeen arrisku azterketa aurkeztu da, bere ondorioekin batera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50169,2021-02-12,"The internalization of gender is carried out throughout the years of Infant Education, reproducing, questioning or valuing diversity in particular by children. Therefore, teachers are of fundamental importance in educating future generations in co-education. The objective of this research is to analyze the importance that future Early Childhood Education teachers give to coeducation, the perceived capacity and the training received. To this end, 234 students in the Infant Education grade carried out a questionnaire specifically created. The results show that not all areas of coeducation are perceived to be equally important. Moreover, they consider that the students have received a low training in spite of the importance and level of competence perceived. The conclusions reflected on the work that coeducation should have and the capacity and training of the students to work it.","Haur Hezkuntzako urteetan burutzen da genero barneraketa, kultura eta estereotipo sozialak zehazki erreproduzitu, zalantzan jarri edo aniztasunaren balioa azaleratuz. Horregatik, etorkizuneko belaunaldiak hezkidetzan hezteko ezinbesteko garrantzia dute irakasleek. Ikerketa honek, etorkizuneko Haur Hezkuntzako irakasleek hezkidetzari ematen dioten garrantzia, hautemandako gaitasuna eta jasotako formazioa aztertzea du xede. Horretarako, beren beregi sortutako galdesorta burutu zuten Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultateko Haur Hezkuntzako graduko 234 ikaslek. Emaitzek erakutsi dute hezkidetzako lanketa eremuei garrantzia ezberdina ematen zaiela. Gainera, ikasleek hautemandako garrantzia eta gaitasun maila altuak diren arren, formazio baxua jaso dutela uste dute. Ondorioetan, hezkidetzak izan beharko lukeen lanketari eta berau lantzeko ikasleek duten gaitasun eta formazioari buruz hausnartu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36558,2019-11-27,"Resumen en Ingles: At a time when there is increasing awareness of climate change and where renewable energies are booming, it is necessary to opt for alternatives that are in solidarity with the environment. With this in mind, it was decided to study a solar pumping system in the town of Palencia. As is well known, a large percentage of the land in Castilla y León goes to agriculture. In addition, along with its amount of solar radiation is the perfect combo for the installation of a solar pump system. In this particular case, the solar pumping will be destined to the sprinkler irrigation of 1.39 ha of sugar beet.","Resumen en Esukera: Klima aldaketari buruzko sentsibilizazioa handitzen ari den garaian eta energia berriztagarrien gorakada dela eta, beharrezkoa da ingurumenarekin bat egiten duten aukerak aukeratzea. Hori kontuan hartuta, Palentziako udalerrian eguzki ponpaketa sistema aztertzea erabaki zen. Jakina den bezala, Gaztela eta Leongo lurzoruaren ehuneko handi bat nekazaritzan jarduten da. Horrez gain, eguzki-erradiazio ugari du, eguzki-ponpa sistema instalatzeko konbinazio ezin hobea bilakatuz. Kasu horretan, eguzki-ponpaketa 1,39 ha-ko azukre erremolatxa ureztaketarako erabili egingo da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36525,2019-11-27,"Abstract: This End Grade Project intends to design the equipment in order to fabricate one industrial piece employed in the forging process. The project starts by the preliminary design of the stamps applying the recommendations given by the Society of Industry of Forge and Stamping. This preliminary design will be optimized with the aid of a simulation program by means of finite elements, which will consist on the main part of the work. Through the simulation, the parameters and dimensions of the shapes will be modified with the objective of obtaining the best results according to the final piece, that is, the desired mechanical properties. Besides, another goal set by the project is to analyse the life cycle of the equipment and try to make it as durable as possible.","Laburpena: Gradu amaierako lan honetan forjaketan erabiliko den pieza industrial baten erreminteriaren diseinua egingo da. Trokelen aurretiazko diseinua egitea izango da lehenengo urratsa, Forjaketa eta Estanpazio Industria Sozietateak emandako gomendioen arabera. Aurretiazko diseinu hau elementu finituz osaturiko simulazio programa baten bidez optimizatuko da, eta hau izango da, hain zuzen ere, lanaren atal nagusia. Simulazioaren bidez, estanpen parametro eta dimentsioak aldatuko dira, azkeneko piezan emaitzarik hoberenak lortzeko helburuarekin, hau da, bilatzen diren propietate mekanikoak. Gainera, proiektuaren helburuetako bat erreminteriaren bizitza erabilgarria aztertzea izango da, eta ahalik eta iraupen handiena lortzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42187,2019,The Three Kings parade in Andoain in January 2019 became one of the most commented topics on social networks and in the media. This paper analyzes the treatment that King Baltasar's slip had on Twitter in his speech from the City Hall balcony. The main patterns of meanings were studied and the actors that promoted the conversation were identified.,"2019ko urtarrileko Andoaingo Errege Magoen desfilea guztien ahotan egon zen sare sozialetan eta hedabideetan. Lan honetan, Baltasar erregeak udaletxeko balkoitik emandako diskurtsoak Twitterren zer-nolako tratamendua izan zuen aztertzen da. Esanahi-eredu nagusiak aztertu dira, eta elkarrizketa dinamizatu duten aktoreak identifikatu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25115,2004,"The penal intervention against the xenophobia and the discrimination has “expanded” to face the new social coordinates of a greater rejection of the foreigner, the immigrant, the different one. After a commentary about the legislative history of the antidiscriminatory norms, it is examined the Compared Law as well as the international standards in this matter. Likewise, some critical conclusions related to the criminal policy Spanish model are commented, paying attention to the analysis of the provocation crime.","Arrazakeria eta xenofobiari aurre egiteko eman den interbentzio penala, zabaltzen ari da, hauen aurka gizartean koordenada berriak sortu bait dira atzerritarren eta inmigranteen aurka. Diskriminazioaren aurkako historian eman den legeria azaldu ondoren, zuzenbide konparatua aztertzen da, baita nazioartean gai honi buruz ematen diren ekintzak ere. Horri buruz, konklusio zorrotzak ateratzen dira espainiar politika kriminalari buruz, probokazio delituaren analisi zehatzago bat eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14738,2015-03-12,This document describes the work done to integrate the different tools available for measuring the Quality of Service (QoS) with the Container that supports them within the QoSMETER infrastructure developed by the NQaS research group of the UPV/EHU. Different alternatives are analyzed to solve the problem and the design is presented for the best of them.,"Dokumentu honetan, UPV/EHUko NQaS ikerketa taldeak garatutako QoSMeter plataforman, zerbitzu kalitatea (QoS) neurtzeko erabilgarri diren tresnak integratzeko lana aurkezten da (QoSMeter plataformak tresna hauek integratzeko duen Kontainerraren bitartez). Lana burutzeko hautabide desberdinak aurkezten eta aztertzen dira, egokiena aukeratuz diseinuaren planteamendua eraikitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25483,1997,"The present points of view of juridical dogmatic and of the behaviour sciences lead to a change in the working mathods of some professionals in penitentiary field. In this way, it is emphasized the resocialization concept more than the clinical one of the penitentiary treatment. In the new organizer model some new organs and functions appear, demanding the participation of professionals who have not take part before in such tasks.","Dogmatika juridikoaren eta jarreraren zientzien egungo planteamenduen arabera aldatu egin dira espetxeen alorreko profesional batzuen lanerako ereduak. Horrela, bada, espetxeko tratamenduari dagokionean birgizarteratzea azpimarratzen da eta ez horrenbeste kontzeptu klinikoa. Antolakuntzaren eredu berrian hala osaketa nola betebeharretan berriak diren organoak azaltzen dira, organo horiek artean betebehar horietan aritzen ez ziren profesionalen eskuhartzea eskatzen dutelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19469,2016-11-04,"In this document a toolbox for the design, implementation, and deployment of an autonomous robot software is described. The project is focused on the improvement of the effectiveness, high performance and reliability of the software features. The proposed changes introduce advantages over the commercial kit Bioloid; in particular being modular, that will allow future reusing, saving costs in future projects. With that settled, a software modeling is proposed to design a robot in the following Ceabot 2016 environment. Test results during this contest of the prototype will be used to verify the theoretical analysis. Many factors, as technology, low prices and the rise of open-source software, with a large and active community behind them, make robotics be at an inflexion point that is worth reviewing.","Dokumentu honetan, CEABOT 2016 lehiaketan parte hartzeko kostu baxuko soluzioa deskribatzen da. Planteaturiko soluzioa giza-errobot baten hardware-aren zein software-aren diseinua, inplementazioa eta garapena heltzen ditu. Proiektua software-aren eraginkortasunean, betetze altuan, eta fidagarritasunean fokaturik dago. Aurrerapen abantailatsuak sartzen dira; batik bat, erabakitzeko autonomia, moldagarria etorkizunean kodea berrerabiltzea ahalbidetzeko, lehiaketan konpetentea, hainbat zeregin paraleloan egiteko gai zein kostuetan merkatzea lortzeko. Hau guztia ezarrita, hobekuntza guztiak baieztatzea proposatzen da CEABOT 2016 inguru dinamikoan. Lehiaketaren emaitzak teorikoki aurkeztutako guztiaren baieztatze modura erabiliko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36492,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the programming of microcontrollers can offer a wide range of opportunities, one of them, the one analyzed in this project, consists of designs of electrical circuits based on sensors that measure different physical variables with different methods of data transmission. For this purpose, transducers of several different types (temperature, humidity...) have been used, which have been coupled to their corresponding assemblies. A PIC18F87J11 microcontroller has been used for their operation, and by means of different communication protocols it is possible to obtain the desired values of the transducers mentioned above. These protocols are I2C, SPI and analog-to-digital conversion. The small projects carried out could be the basis for future major applications","Laburpena: gaur egun mikrokontroladoreek aukera asko zabaltzen dituzte. Proiektu honetan aukera horietako bat ikertu da: hainbat datu transmisio metodo erabiltzen dituzten eta ingurumeneko aldagai fisikoak aztertzen dituzten sentsoreekin zirkuitu elektrikoak sortzea. Horretarako, mota askotako transduktoreak (tenperaturakoak, hezetasunekoak…) erabili eta haiei dagozkien zirkuitoetara erantsi dira. Transduktore horiek erabili ahal izateko PIC18F87J11 mikrokontroladorea erabili da, haren bidez, nahi dugun baloreak lor ditzakegulako sentsoreetan, zenbait komunikazio protokolo tarteko. Protokolo horiek I2C, SPI eta konbertsio analogikoditala dira. Honakoa bezalako proiektu txikiek etorkizunean aplikazio handiagoetarako balio dezakete." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17682,2016-03-16,"Nowadays, our society needs creative people. The current educacional system was created to satisfy necessities of another time, thats why we need a new one who can respond to the new challenges. To achieve this, we need a education that has in mind the interest and the abilities of the children, in particular a education that believes in creativity and emotional intelligence. Some schools were visited, in order to get to know more about the actual situation in our academic centres and other fields. After all the information was analyzed, a proposal was suggested containing different ways or methods to work with and also how teachers should behave. This suggest will be based in the Creative Education, which keeps in mind the differences, interests and abilities of the students.","Azken hamarkadetan egon diren aldaketak direla eta, gaur egungo gizarteak, pertsona sortzaileak eskatzen ditu, beraz, oraingo erronkei erantzuten dien hezkuntza baten beharrean gaude. Honetarako, pertsonen interes eta trebetasunetatik abiatzen den hezkuntza behar dugu, sormenari eta adimen emozionalari lekua uzten dion hezkuntza, hain zuzen ere. Hau lortzeko, lehenik eta behin gure inguruko zentroen egoera aztertu eta beste motatako esparruetara jo da, hauen ezaugarriak, zailtasunak eta aukerak ezagutzeko asmoz. Aipatutako bi gaitasun hauek pertsonengan duten garrantzia ikusita eta zenbait lekutan nola lantzen dituzten aztertu ostean, emaitzak jasoko dira gure inguruko zentroetan, sormena eta adimen emozionala bultzatzen duen metodologia baten ezaugarriak eskeintzeko. Aipatuko diren, jarduera motak eta irakasleen papera Hezkuntza Sortzailea oinarritzat izango dute, pertsona guztien berezitasunak, interesak eta trebetasunak kontuan hartzen dituen hezkuntza izanik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34826,2019-07-26,"This document shows the procedure followed to optimizea hybrid installation consisting of a Stirling technology cogeneration engine and a condensing boiler with a complementary thermal storage tank.For the development of this project, a real installation was tested during the week of maximum demand for a single-family home. Subsequently, an existing computer model has been calibrated to obtain a simulation close to reality. Once the calibrated model is available, the installation is optimized in a multi-objective manner in order to reduce the operating cost of the installation and increase the exergetic performance of the installation. On the other hand, it considers how an improvement of the thermal insulation would affect the installation.","Dokumentu honetan, Stirling teknologiako kogenerazio motor baten eta biltegiratze termiko osagarria duen kondentsaziozko galdara baten instalazio hibridoa hobetzeko prozedura aurkezten da.Proiektu honen garapenerako, benetako instalazio baten entsegua egin da familia bakarreko etxebizitza bateko eskakizun gehieneko astean. Ondoren, errealitatetik hurbil dagoen simulazioa lortzeko, eredu informatiko baten kalibrazioa egin da. Behin eredua kalibratuta, insalazioaren hobekuntza ematen da eta honen etekin exergetikoa handitzen da eta funtzionamendu kostua txikiagotzen da. Azkenik, isolamendu termikoaren hobekuntzak instalazioan zenolako eragina izango zuen aztertzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19846,2016-12-13,"This project aims to define what is meant by almost zero consumption building , applying in this case to Osakidetza health buildings . The study is done on an existing hospital, Txagorritxu , located in Vitoria- Gasteiz. The need of setting up renewable energies arises from the Kyoto protocol, in which a series of measures are established and the different countries must achieve them , followed by the objectives established for the 20/20/20 . The objective of these measures is to drive energy efficiency , getting a reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emissions . The specific case of study about Txagorritxu hospital will consist of the implementation of eolic energy as an auxiliary system to generate electric energy and using the cogeneration that is installed. Previously it will be analyzed different alternatives and its possible benefits for the building.","Proiektu honek kontsumo baxua edo ia nulua duen eraikina difinitzea du helburu, Osakidetzako osasun-eraikina hain zuzen. Kasu honetan, jada existitzen den ospitale baten inguruan arituko da ikerketa: Gasteizko Txagorritxuospitalea. Energi berriztagarriak ezartzearen beharrak Kioto protokoloarekin bat dator, non, 20/20/20-rako ezarritako helburuak jarraituz, zenbait herrialdek bete beharreko neurriak azaltzen diren. Neurri horiek energia-eraginkortasuna sustatzea dute helburu, CO2 igorpenak zein kontsumo energikoa murrituz. Ikerketa hau, Txagorritxu ospitalearena hain zuzen, energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzan lagungarri izango den energia eolikoa ezartzean oinarrituko da dagoeneko instalatuta dagoen kongenerazioa erabilita; aldez aurretik, eraikinerako bideragarriak diren aukerak eta onurak aztertuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14390,2015-02-11,"This Project is based on the design of an integrated control system for singlephase power inverters by using the selective harmonic elimination algorithm. It allows generating a frequency controlled output signal, great for supplying electric motors. The project’s objective is the implementation of an algorithm with grater high-frequency performance than regular PWM. The system includes the hardware and software needed for complete implementation, and also every document needed for serial fabrication.","Proiektu honen oinarria hiru faseko potentzia alderantzikagailuetako kontrol sistema integratuaren diseinua da, harmonikoen ezabapen algoritmoa erabiliz. Horrela, frekuentzia kontrolatutako irteera seinaleen sorrera ahalbidetzen du, motor elektrikoetan erabiltzeko aproposa. Proiektuaren helburua frekuentzia altuetan PWM baino errendimendu gehiagoko algoritmoaren inplementazioa da. Sisteman inplementaziorako behar den hardware eta software guztia sartzen da, baita kopuru handietan ekoizteko behar diren dokumentu guztiak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43092,2020-05-08,"SUMMARY The objective of this project lies in the mechanical design of the transmission of a three-wind wind turbine. This machine is going to be located in the wind farm of Oiz (Biscay). The wind turbine that is going to be designed, together with the other wind turbines of the farm, have the objective of producing the electricity necessary to supply the neighbouring towns. The wind turbine that will be designed throughout this document will have a power of 1 MW. The starting speed will be 3 m/s and the stop speed will be 25 m/s, while the nominal speed will be 9 m/s (21.2 r.p.m.). As mentioned above, the transmission design will be carried out throughout this work. This part of the wind turbine refers to the set of elements whose function is to transmit the moment generated by the wind, to the electric generator placed at the end of this, to convert the mechanical energy into electrical. The elements that we will find in the transmission are the following:  Low speed shaft  High speed shaft  Multiplier of two planetary stages and one ordinary  Brake  Keys, safety rings, bearings and gears On the other hand, its important to emphasize that this project is not going to focus on the design of the blades. It is for this reason that a profile of a shovel will be chosen that is often used in wind turbines destined for the production of electricity and the calculations will be carried out according to its parameters.","Proiektu honetan 1 MW-ko aerosorgailu baten transmizioa diseinatu da. Lana euskaraz burutu da. ---***--- LABURPENA Proiektu honen helburua aerosorgailu eoliko tripala baten transmisioaren diseinu mekanikoan datza. Makina hau, Oizeko parke eolikoan kokatuko da (Bizkaia). Diseinatuko den aerosorgailua, parke eolikoan kokatuko diren gainerakoekin batera, alboko herrientzako energia elektrikoa sortuko du. Diseinatuko den aerosorgailuak, 1 MW-ko potentzia izango du. Abiarazte abiadura 3 m/s, gelditze abiadura 25 m/s eta abiadura nominala 9 m/s-koa izango da (21,2 rpm). Esan bezala, lan honetan transmizioa diseinatuko da. Atal hau, haizeak sortutako momentua transmititzeko ardura duen elementu mekanikoen multzoa da, jarraian irteeran antolatutako sorgailu elektrikoarekin lotura finkatuz. Multzo hau osatzen duten elementuak hurrengoak dira:  Ardatz geldoa  Abiadura handiko ardatza  Bi etapa planetariodun biderkatzailea  Balazta  Txabetak, segurtasun eraztunak, errodamenduak eta engranaiak Beste alde batetik, nabarmendu nahi da proiektu hau ez dela palen diseinuan zentratuko. Hau dela eta, sarri erabiltzen den pala baten profila aukeratuko da eta honen parametroen arabera egingo dira kalkuluak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20039,2016-12-29,"The children of the second cycle of Pre-school Education (3-6 years) are sexed; nevertheless, there exist few investigations in relation to the infantile sexuality. By means of the present work it has been tried to go more deeply in the topic mentioned above, making a qualitative research. The interviews realized individually to 30 children and 3 teachers, have clarified that the Pre-school Education children are sexual as well as the importance of that unquestionable dimension of their identity. This way, it have been concluded the importance of working on the sexual education in the school, since it is, together with the society and the family, one of the responsibilities of the Pre-school Education. The coordination between this three promoters should allow the positive development of the infantile sexuality, in order that the students enjoy freely and naturally all the possibilities that the sexuality offers.","Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko haurrak (3-6 urte) sexualak dira, baina haien sexualitatearen inguruko ikerketa gutxi dago. Horregatik lan honen bidez horretan sakondu nahi izan da, ikerketa kualitatiboa eginez. Haur Hezkuntzako 30 haur indibidualki elkarrizketatu dira, 3 irakasleekin batera. Haurren zein irakasleen erantzunek argi utzi dute HHko haurrak izaki sexulak direla, eta sexualitatea haurren identitatearen dimentsio garrantzitsu eta ukaezin bat dela. Hortaz, hezkuntza sexuala eskolan lantzea beharrezkotzat jo da, azken finean, hezkuntza sexuala eskaintzearen arduradun nagusienak, gizartea, familia eta eskola baitira. Hiruren arteko elkarrekintzan, haurrei haien sexualitatea era positiboan garatzen lagundu behar diete; sexualitateak eskaintzen dituen posibilitate guztiez askatasunez eta naturaltasunez goza ditzaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46921,2020-10-15,"The next project aims to be an introduction in the field of construction towards the NZEB. The last update of the CTE (Spanish Building Technical Code), which determines the requirements for the net-zero energy building, establishes some new parameters to be fulfilled that will have to be studied and applied. This whole process will be carried out by modelling a case study located in the Basque Country, more specifically in Ermua. For this new building the objective will be to comply with the standard of NZEB by taking advantage of both passive and active resources. All these improvements will be studied thanks to the II simulation program ‘Design Builder’, from which the different parameters will be studied and analysed in order to achieve the best cost optimal relation. After carrying out the combination of improvements, 179 cases were obtained, the main conclusion is the influence of the windows as a key element in heat loss, being the installation of low thermal transmittance window one of the best ways to achieve the NZEB standard. On the other hand, as far as the heat generation facilities are concerned, those that present a greater relation between cost and primary energy consumption are the scenarios where geothermal, aerothermal energy or condensing boilers are combined with solar collectors on the roof. Inglés","Hurrego proiektua kontsumo baxuko eraikinen arlo berrian barneratzea du helduru. Eraikuntzaren kode teknikoaren azken aktualizazioa, nonkontusmo baxuko eraikinen eskakizunak mugatzen dira, betebeharreko parametro berriak ezartzen ditu. Parametro hauek aztertzeko eta gero beraien aplikazioa emateko, Euskal Herrian, konkretuki Ermuan kokatuta dagoen kasu-azterketa baten bidez hedatuko da. Erakuntza hau, baliabide pasiko eta aktiboen bidez kontsumo baxuko eraikuntzaren estandarra lortzea du helburu. Prozesu hau Desing Builder-en simulazioei esker emango da, hemen parametro ezberdinak aztertuko dira, gero koste optimoaren erlazio hoberena lortzeko. Konbinazio guztiak egin eta gero, 179 kasu lortzen dira, hemenkin hainbat ondorio atera ahal daiteke, hauen artean nabargarriena transmitantzia baxuko leihoen garratzia da. Beste aldetik, bero generazioaren instalazioen artean, geotermia, aerotermia eta kondentsazio galdarak kolectore solarekin ematen den konbinazioa da koste-kontsumo erlazio hoberena ematen duena. Euskera" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14063,2015-01-19,"In today’s information society, in which everything seems to have changed, even our relationships as human beings, education rests completely static and based on exclusively hierarchical relationships. Therefore, this project focuses attention on the analysis of the so-called learning communities and the CEP KUKULLAGA in Etxebarri (Biscay), which is a part of the project. In addition to that, it will be shown the project I have designed in collaboration with the school; which is carrying out two activities of the learning communities: the reading buddies and the dialogical literary gatherings. The results obtained have been completely favourable, meeting that way the established short time targets, and with great hope that in a near future the long term targets will be met. As a consequence, we notice that with a proper organisation of the centre, an involvement of the learning communities with the project and an adequate cohesion of the whole community, it is possible to change the education system to some extent. And of course, by that way, we must achieve that every kind of person gets the maximum academic results and that everybody is trained so as to interact in the information society.","Egungo informazioaren gizartean, etengabeko aldaketa sakonak jasaten eta sortzen ditugu, halaber gure gizabanako harremanetan ere. Hala ere, hezkuntzak oraindik ez du aldaketa handirik egin, izan ere, nahiko estatikoa izaten jarraitzen du eta bertan ematen diren harremanak zeharo hierarkikoak dira. Honengatik guztiagatik, ikerketa honen xede nagusia, Ikas-Komunitateak eta honen barruan dagoen Etxebarriko KUKULLAGA LHI (Bizkaia) aztertzea izango da. Horrez gain, eskolarekin batera diseinatu dudan proiektua aurkeztuko dut, zeinean Ikas-Komunitateen bi jarduera burutzen diren: irakur-laguna eta solasaldi dialogiko literarioak. Bertan, Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako eta 5 urteko ikasleek parte hartu dute. Aipatzekoa da lortutako emaitzak guztiz baikorrak izan direla eta epe-laburrerako ezarritako helburuak lortu direla. Horrez gain, epe-luzerako helburuak hein handi batean beteko direla aurreikusten da. Beraz, argi dago, zentroetan antolakuntza egoki bat ematen bada, Ikas- Komunitateen proiektuarekiko inplikazioa badago eta komunitatearen kohesioa lortzen bada, hezkuntza sistema hein batean alda daitekeela. Hori gertatuz gero, edozein motatako pertsonak hezkuntza emaitzarik onenak lor ditzake eta baita informazioaren gizarte honetan jarduten ikas dezake ere." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43094,2020-05-08,"ABSTRACT Engineering Without Borders of Basque Country has carried out a multitude of projects to obtain and reuse water in the Republic of El Salvador, due to its poor sanitation, control and distribution of this resource. Following this, the need arises to carry out an analysis of the water quality of the systems used, so a low cost analyzer connected to the Internet of Things has been designed. The objectives set in this project are the measurement and delivery of three vital parameters to determine water quality. For this, a submersible thermometer has been designed, a commercial ph-meter has been adapted and a turbidimeter has been designed where three hypotheses have been proposed to carry out the measurements. Together with these three parameters, a screen for the control and visualization of the data has been implemented and also an ethernet module to connect with a platform of Internet of Things, allowing the visualization and control of the system from the internet. Finally, the results achieved the stated objectives, and of the three methods of nephelometric measurement it is demonstrated that in one of them the hypothesis is achieved in a range of 30-500NTU. It is demonstrated that it is necessary to adapt the conditioning circuit for each method varying the gain obtained from each infrared light receiver. Along with this, communication with the platform on the Internet has been established, controlling the system remotely and obtaining the data in an interval of less than one second.","LABURPENA Euskal Herriko Mugarik Gabeko Ingenieritzatik ura eskuratzeko edo berrerabiltzeko hainbat proiektu egin dira El Salvador herrialdearentzako, errekurtso honen kontrol eta banaketa eskasiaren erantzunkizun moduan. Honen ondorioz, ura analizatzeko beharra sortzen da, bertan egin diren proiektuekin lortzen den ur kalitatea neurtzeko. Honetarako, Internet of Things tecnologia konektatuta, kostu gutxiko ur analizatzailea diseinatu egin da. Uraren kalitatea zehazteko ezinbestekoak diren hiru ezaugarri neurtzea eta bidaltzea da ondorengo proiektuaren helburua. Helburua betetzeko, diseinatu egin da urperatu daitekeen termometro bat, implementatu egin da merkatuko ph-metro bat, eta turbidimetro bat diseinatu egin da hiru neurketa metodoen funtzionamendua frogatzeko hipotesi moduan. Hiru sentsoreen neurketak bistaratzeko display bat erabili egin da eskuzko funtzionamendurako, eta ethernet modulu bat gehitu egin zaio sistemari internetera konektatzeko eta bertatik bistaratzeko, kontrolatzeko eta datuak gordetzeko. Azkenik, lortutako emaitzekin, hasieran planteatutako helburua bete egin dela esan daiteke. Bestetik, hiru hipotesietatik demostratuta gelditzen da, lehenengo hipotesia ontzat eman daitekeela 30-500 NTU tarteko neurketetan, eta neurketa metodo bakoitzerako, zirkuitu egokitzaile espezifiko bat behar dela infragorriak detektatzen duen hargailuaren etekina aldatzeko aukeratutako metodoaren arabera. Honekin batera, plataformarekin komunikazioa ezartzea lortu egin da, sistema urrunetik kontrolatuz eta datuen monitorizazioa segundu bat baino gutxiagoko denbora tartean jasoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24234,2017-09,"The objective of the project is the study, development and evaluation of an isolated photovoltaic system for feeding a camping located in the province of La Rioja, specifically in the village of Castañares de Rioja. The development of the project will be carried out by the PVsyst program mainly, but will be also joined by computations in Excel, taking data from different official sources.","Ikerketa honen helburua Errioxan kokatuta dagoen kanpin baten, zehazki Castañares de La Rioja herrialdean, korronte elektrikotik isolatuta dagoen sistema foltoboltaiko baten ebaluazioa da. Proiektu honen garapena PVsyst programaren bitartez egingo da nagusiki, Excel orriz lagunduta, iturri ofizial desberdinetatik datuak jasoz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/9246,2011,"This research analyzes the rich world of superstitions, magic, witchcraft and sorcery medieval Basque, with emphasis on the focus of witchcraft that affected the region of Durango and has gone to historiography and tradition popular under the name of witches on Amboto.","Azterketa honetan, Erdi Aroko Euskal Herriko superstizioen, magiaren, aztikeriaren eta sorginkeriaren mundu joriaren errepasoa egiten du, eta Durangaldeko sorgingunea hartzen du ardatz, historiografian eta herri-tradizioan Anbotoko sorginak izenaren pean ezaguna dena." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67739,2024-05-08,"The complexity of reading and writing processes can generate the presence of Specific Learning Difficulties (SLD) in reading and writing in pupils. The role of teachers is important in terms of knowing about them, identifying them and intervening when faced with them. This fact generates the need to check if teachers have sufficient training and knowledge about reading and writing difficulties, as well as a good attitude towards them. In order to answer this hypothesis, a questionnaire has been administered to teachers. The results indicate that teachers have a general knowledge of basic aspects of reading and writing difficulties and show a positive attitude towards them. The correlation between knowledge and training is also confirmed.","Irakurtzeko eta idazteko prozesuen konplexutasunak irakurketa-idazketa Ikasteko Zailtasun Espezifikoak (IZE) sor ditzake ikasleengan. Irakasleen zeregina garrantzitsua da horiek ezagutzeari, identifikatzeari eta esku hartzeari dagokienez. Gertaera horrek sortu du irakasleek irakurtzeko eta idazteko zailtasunei buruzko prestakuntza eta ezagutza nahikoak dituzten eta zailtasunekiko jarrera ona duten egiaztatzeko beharra. Hipotesi horri erantzuteko, irakasleek galdetegi bat burutu dute. Emaitzek adierazten duten moduan, irakasleek irakurtzeko eta idazteko zailtasunen oinarrizko alderdiei buruzko ezagutza orokorrak dituzte eta horien aurrean jarrera positiboa dute. Halaber, ezagutzen eta prestakuntzaren arteko korrelazioa berresten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36556,2019-11-27,"This document describes the process of implementing an Integrated System in the company Construcciones S.A. with the support of the consulting company Gestión 4 S.R.L. To this end, an analysis of the initial situation has been carried out by means of a ""check list"" designed to carry out this analysis, and as a result of this analysis, changes have been proposed in order to correct the deviations that the company's management system Standards of reference. In this way, the company is able to obtain the certificate later.","Dokumentu honek Construcciones S.A. deituriko enpresaren inplantatzio sistema integratua deskribatzen du, Gestion 4 S.R.L.kontsultoreenpresaren laguntzarekin. Horretarako, hasierako egoeraren azterketabategin da diseinatutako “check list” baten bidez, eta azterketa horren ondorioz, konpainiaren kudeaketa sistemaren desbideratzeak zuzentzeko aldaketak proposatu dira. Modu honetan, konpainiak geroago ziurtagiria eskuratu ahal izango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/12157,2010,"The aim of this article is to explore the potentiality of Social Multi-criteria Evaluation as approach to assess Natural Protected Areas (NPAs). Jointly, opening the discussion about incorporating this methodological approach for the governance of Natura 2000 sites within the Basque Country is pursued. Derived from the case study is concluded that including local community in participative processes aimed to plan and manage NPAs would reduce both number and significance of potential conflicts. It would also contribute to an effective governance of NPAs, which is an unavoidable challenge in order to achieve protected areas’ objectives and functions.","Gizarte Ebaluazio Irizpideaniztunak naturagune babestuak ebaluatzeko ikuspuntu metodologiko gisa duen potentzialtasuna aztertzea da artikulu honen helburua, eta orobat metodologia hori Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Natura 2000 Sarearen gobernantzarako erabiltzearen egokitasunari buruz eztabaida-prozesu bat abiaraztea. Aztertutako kasutik ondorioztatzen da tokian tokiko herritarrak naturagune babestuak planifikatzeko eta gobernatzeko prozesu partehartzaile batean sartzeak balizko gatazken kopurua eta munta gutxitzen lagunduko lukeela. Era berean, naturagune babestuen gobernantza erraztuko luke, eta hori saihestu ezineko erronka da, gune babestuek beren helburuak eta egitekoak bete ditzaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24846,2018-02-05,"The aim of this work is to analyse the innovation policies in the Basque Automotive Sector. First of all, it has been analysed the different theories about innovation strategies, and then, based on this information, it has been studied a concrete case. It is evident the great technological and innovative advance that has been experienced in the Basque Automotive Sector. This progress has been based on the close cooperation developed between public institutions, private companies and universities. All this has made possible that the automotive sector has become a reference in the Basque country, and also, the internationalization.","Lan honen helburu nagusia, Euskal Herriko automozio sektoreko enpresen berrikuntza politiken azterketa aurrera eramatea izan da. Horretarako, berrikuntza estrategien teoria ezberdinak aztertu dira eta ondoren kasu konkretu baten azterketa burutu. Berrikuntza, zein teknologia aurrerapenak eman dira Euskal Herriko automozio sektorean, hauek estuki lotuta joan dira, bai unibertsitate, enpresa pribatu eta erakunde publikoen kooperazioaren garapenarekin. Guzti honek enpresen internazionalizazioa ahalbidetu du eta automozio sektorea Euskal Herriko sektore garrantzitsuenetako bat bilakatzea ekarri du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16498,2015-12-17,"In this project the design and evaluation of two methods for suppressing the interference generated by chest compressions provided by the mechanical device LUCAS in the electrocardiogram (ECG) during the cardiopulmonary resuscitation massage are analyzed. The principal aim is to find a method to eliminate this artifact generated in the ECG in order to obtain a reliable diagnosis of the cardiac rhythm. Finding an effective method would be helpful to avoid the interruption of the resuscitation massage for proper rhythm analysis, which would increase the chances of resuscitation. A new database has been generated based on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest episodes following some established criteria. This new database contains 410 records of 86 different patients, 30 s of duration, which, have been recorded during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Besides, a graphical interface tool has been developed in order to characterize the methods for suppressing the artifact. This interface shows the ECG, thoracic impedance signal and the ECG after suppression. Two filters were integrated in the interface: an adaptive filter and a constant coefficient filter. In order to evaluate the methods the sensitivity and the specificity of the rhythm classification algorithm were computed with the filtered ECG signals. The main contribution of this project is, therefore, the development of a powerful tool to analyze methods to suppress the artifact of the ECG generated by chest compressions during the cardiopulmonary resuscitation. This tool would be capable of analyzing resuscitation episodes of any origin and implementing new methods of suppressing the artefact.","Proiektu honetan bihotz-biriketako berpizte masajearen bular-sakadek LUCAS izeneko gailu mekanikoa erabiltzen denean, elektrokardiograman (EKG) sortzen duten interferentzia kentzeko bi metodoen diseinua eta azterketa egingo da. Helburu nagusia, artefaktu hau era eraginkorrean kentzeko metodo bat aurkitzea da, bihotz-erritmoaren diagnostiko fidagarria lortzeko. Metodo eraginkorra lortzea oso lagungarria izango litzateke berpizte masajea eten gabe diagnostiko fidagarria lortzeak berpizteko aukerak handituko lituzkeelako. Proiektua gauzatzeko ospitalez kanpoko geldialdien erregistro multzo batetik abiatuta datu-base propioa garatu da, ezarritako irizpide batzuk jarraituz. Datu-base berri hau 86 pazienteren 410 mozketek osatzen dute, 30 segundotakoak, non pazienteek kanpoko bular masajea jasotzen duten. Bestalde, artefaktua kentzen duten metodoak ezaugarritzeko interfaze grafiko bat garatu da, EKG, bular-inpedantziaren seinalea eta EKG interferentziarik gabe denboran erakusten duena. Tresna hau erabiliz aipatutako datu-baseko erregistroen prozesaketa egin da, bi metodo desberdin erabiliz: LMS algoritmoan oinarritutako iragazki moldakorra eta koefiziente konstanteko iragazkia. Metodoen ebaluazioa erritmo sailkapenerako algoritmoaren sentsibilitatea eta espezifikotasuna kontuan hartuz egin da. Proiektuaren ekarpen nagusia, beraz, bihotz-biriketako berpizte masajearen bular-sakadek eragindako interferentzia kentzeko metodoak ebaluatuko dituen tresna garatzea da. Tresna honek, gainera, jatorri desberdineko bestelako berpizte episodioak eta beste metodo batzuk aztertzeko ere balioko du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67781,2024-05-08,"The aim of this study is to analyse sorority in order to intervene with women from prostitution environments and as an innovative tool from the gender perspective that the complexity of the subject requires. To do this, firstly, the pillars of this research will be worked on through theoretical studies, i.e. the gender perspective in vulnerability, sorority, prostitution and intervention with this group. Secondly, the data obtained through a survey answered by different professionals will be analysed in order to find out about the work carried out in the social sphere of the Basque Autonomous Community with women from prostitution environments. Finally, conclusions and proposals for the future will be drawn with sorority as a central theme.","Azterlan honetan, sororitatea prostituzio-inguruneetatik datozen emakumeekin esku-hartzeko tresna gisa aztertu nahi da, gaiaren konplexutasunak eskatzen duen genero-ikuspegi berritzailetik. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, azterketa teorikoen bidez landuko dira ikerketa honen zutabeak, hau da, genero-ikuspegia zaurgarritasunean, sororitatea, prostituzioa eta kolektibo horrekiko esku-hartzea. Bigarrenik, hainbat profesionalek erantzundako inkesta baten bidez lortutako datuak aztertuko dira, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko gizarte-eremuan prostituzio-inguruneetatik datozen emakumeekin egiten den lana ezagutzeko. Amaitzeko, ondorioak eta etorkizunerako proposamenak egingo dira, sororitatea ardatz nagusitzat hartuta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73357,2025-05-07,"In the globalised world in which we live, migrations and diasporas are a constantly occurring phenomena, where, for various reasons, large parts of a people leave their homeland, but are still rooted both with their people and homeland. Transforming diaspora cases into topics of study in school is a challenge for teachers, both for a better understanding of the world, but also to become an example of engagement and interaction with diversity and to address cases of exclusion. Therefore, studying the cases of Basque diasporas can be very useful in primary education, not only to learn about our history, but also to learn about the world today from the history and experience of the Basque Country Although numerous Basque diasporas have been researched in recent years, other cases have remained under-examined. An example of this is the nearly 4,000 children, 95 teachers and several assistants and priests who fled from the port of Santurtzi during the Spanish Civil War to the port of Southampton. Great Britain took in the largest number of children in its history in the North Stoneham camp and then in various colonies throughout the country. The aim of this work is, therefore, to carry out a study of this case of the Basque diaspora and, subsequently, to carry out its application through an intervention in a primary school classroom guided by the new curriculum.","Egun bizi dugun mundu globalizatu honetan, migrazioak eta diasporak etengabe gertatzen diren fenomenoak dira, non, hainbat arrazoi kontuan harturik, herri baten zati handi batek ihes egiten duen bere jaioterritik, baina oraindik ere bere herriarekiko sustraitua egonik. Diaspora kasuak, zuzenki, eskolan jorratzeko gaiak bilakatzea berezko erronka bat da irakasleontzat, bai munduaren ulerkera hobeago bat izateko, bai eta aniztasunarekiko errepetua eta elkarreragina bilakatzeko eta bazterkeria-kasuak ukatzeko. Etxetik hasita, beraz, euskal diasporen kasuak estudiatzea oso baliagarriak izan daitezke lehen hezkuntzako eskolan, ez soilik gure historiaz ikasteko, baizik eta gaur egungo munduaz ikasteko Euskal Herriaren historia eta esperiantziatik abiatuta. Euskal diaspora batzuk andana ikertu badira ere, beste kasu batzuk ilunpean geratu dira azken urteotan. Horren adibide dira Espainiako gerra zibilean Santurtziko portutik Southampton-eko portura ihes egin zuten 4.000 bat ume, 95 irakasle eta hainbat laguntzaile eta apaizena. Britainia Handiak bere historian jasotako haur kopuru handiena hartu zuen lehenik North Stoneham-eko kanpamentuan eta, jarraian, herrialde osoko kolonia desberdinetan. Lan honen helburua da, beraz, euskal diaspora kasu honen ikerketa bat egitea, eta geroantzean bere aplikazioa burutzea LHn curriculum berriak markatzen dituen lerro berriei moldatze aldera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22048,2017-07-05T12:14:39Z,"As different electoral and political processes have been showing to us, the European Social Democracy is in deep crisis. Being this the most important topic of this work, our aim is going to be to analyse and find reasons in order to explain that crisis. We are going to introduce into four European countries; two of those are located in the North of Europe (Germany and Great Britain) and the other two in the South of Europe (Spain and Greece). So, firstly, we are going to focus into what we call “this bad health”, by analysing election results and political dynamics in our four countries. Secondly, we will try to figure out reasons that lead political parties to this situation of weakness, taking into account their past. In all of this, different processes and characteristics (both national and international) are extremely important.","Europako sozialdemokrazia, eman diren prozesu politiko eta elektoral desberdinek adierazten diguten moduan, krisi garrantzitsu batean dago. Hau gure lanaren gai nagusia izanik, gure helburua krisi honen kausak aurkitzea eta aztertzea izango da. Horretarako, Europako lau herrialde aukeratu ditugu; iparraldeko bi, Alemania eta Britainia Handia eta hegoaldean kokatzen diren beste bi, Espainia eta Grezia. Horrela, hasiera batean krisi hori praktikara eramango dugu, hauteskunde emaitzen eta herrialde bakoitzean gertatu diren dinamika politikoen analisiaren bidez. Geroago, sozialdemokraziari ahultasunezko egoera horretara zerk eraman duen argitzen saiatuko gara, non gertakari eta ezaugarri propioak, estatu mailakoak eta internazionalak pisu handia izango duten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26149,1992,it is brought out the lack of assistence to victims and it is emphasized the need for a promotion of a bigger protection. It is explained also the new experience of the Crime Victims Assistence Service in Biascay.,"delitozko kaltedunentzat laguntza eza alpatzen du, eta irautzen da itzal gehiago behar dala. Egileak ere, erakusten du, saio berri bat, Bizakaian egina, deliztoko kaltedun laguntza serbitzua." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17629,2016-03-16,"The aim of this project is to analyze the contribution of dance professionals and practitioners of the same in the development of human virtues, which mean essential factors for psychological well-being. The research is based on a descriptive-quantitative methodology through the collection of information on a closed 29-item questionnaire. The purpose is to measure the ratio of the variables of age, gender, profile, type of dance and motivation in dance, with the assumption dance-development practice human virtues. The results confirm that dance professionals and practitioners perceive this ratio as high, which opens an interesting line of research for Social Education about dance as a new area or tool through which to promote the development of human virtues and thereby encourage the psychological well-being of individuals.","Lan honen helburua da, dantza profesionalen eta bereko profesionalen ekarpena giza bertuteak, ongizate psikologikoan determinatzaileak ordezkatzen duten garapena aztertzeko. Ikerketak metodologia deskriptiboa-kuantitatiboa 29 elementu galdetegi bat buruzko informazio bilketaren bitartez oinarritzen itxita. Helburua da adina, sexua, profila, dantza eta motibazio mota dantza aldagai ratioa neurtzeko, hipotesi dance-jardunbideen giza bertuteak batera. Emaitzek berretsi dantza profesionalen eta profesionalek duten ratio hori bezain handia da, eta horrek ikerketa-ildo berriak irekitzen dance eremua edo tresna berri bat, garapena sustatzeko zehar duen inguru Sozial Hezkuntzarako hautematen giza bertuteak eta, ondorioz psikologikoa gizabanakoen ongizatea sustatzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67736,2024-05-08,"Fear is an unavoidable component of life, but in society we don't talk about it much. Although it is part of our lives, it is a topic that is generally left in the background and is not given the importance it deserves. This Final Degree Project was born with the intention of addressing this situation. Throughout this work we have collected the opinions and research of different experts and authors, both on emotions and fear, as well as analyzing its importance in the literature through a book by Juan Kruz Igerabide. Based on the contributions of the experts, an intervention has been proposed for each student to make their fears visible and internalize that their existence is totally common. Finally, a short questionnaire was given to the writer Juan Kruz Igerabide.","Beldurra bizitzaren osagai sahiestezina da, baina gizartean ez da honen inguruan hitz askorik egiten. Gure bizitzaren parte den arren, gai hori bigarren mailan geratu ohi da, eta ez zaio merezi duen garrantzia ematen. Gradu Amaierako Lan hau, egoera honi aurre egiteko asmoz sortu da. Lan honetan zehar, hainbat aditu eta egile ezberdinen uste eta iritziak batu dira, bai emozioen zein beldurraren ingurukoak, baita hauek literaturan daukaten garrantziarenak Juan Kruz Igerabideren liburu baten bidez. Adituen ekarpenen arabera esku-hartzen bat proposatu da, bakoitzak bere beldurrak ikusarazi ditzan eta beldur horiek izatea guztiz ohikoa dela barnera dezan. Azkenik, Jonas eta hozkailu beldurtia liburuaren idazlea den Juan Kruz Igerabideri galdetegi txiki bat egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36511,2019-11-27,"English: In this work, the control of a Kobuki mobile base which carries a WidowX robotic arm ontop of itsstructure will be developedwith the aim of introducing it in a flexible manufacturing system in order to performmanipulation and delivery actions.This project will use ROS (Robot Operating System) and its implementation as well as its working structurewill be analyzed. A description of the equipments and the possibilities they offer is done so that the control is performedwith as much resources as possible. In addition, the communications between different elements of the work environment must be wireless since this project’s mobile base independence has to be optimal. As a consequence, some wireless data transmission tools are developed in the project.","Euskara: Lan honetan, gainean WidowX beso robotiko bat daraman Kobuki base mugikorraren kontrola garatuko da.Honen helburua, fabrikazio malgu sistema batean robot hauek sartzea da, garraio eta manipulazio ariketak egin ditzaten. Framework robotikogisa, ROS (Robot Operating System) erabiliko da eta haren inplementazioa eta lan egiteko erakaztertuko dira.Kontrola garatzeko ekipamenduaren ezaugarriak ezagutzea beharrezkoa da, beraz, haren ezaugarriak eta ematen dituzten aukerak deskribatzen dira. Horrez gain, robot mugikor bat denez, elementu guztien arteko komunikazioak haririk gabekoak izatea ezin hobea izango litzake. Hortaz, haririk gabeko datuen transmisioa izateko zenbait modulu sartu eta garatu egiten dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50175,2021-02-12,"The rate of schooling in the first cycle of infant education (0-3 years) has been increasing in recent years and requires a response to a new educational reality, with its own characteristics different from those of the second cycle. The main objective of this assignment was to find out if the importance is given to the 0-3 stage. For this purpose, a questionnaire was created aimed at students and active teachers of early childhood education. The results show that there is still much progress to be made on the road to quality early education. They also leave the door open to future research and serve as a guide for the development of professional training programs.","Haur Hezkuntzako lehenengo zikloko eskolatze-tasa (0-3 urte) handiagotzen joan da azken urteetan eta horrek hezkuntza errealitate berri bati erantzuna ematea eskatzen du, bigarren zikloak ez dituen ezaugarri ezberdin propioekin. Lan honen helburu nagusia 0-3 etapari merezi duen garrantzia ematen zaion ezagutzea zen. Horretarako, Haur Hezkuntzako ikasle eta jardunean dauden irakasleei zuzenduta dagoen galdesorta bat sortu zen. Emaitzek kalitateko hezkuntza goiztiarreko bidean hobetzeko asko geratzen dela aditzera ematen dute. Halaber, etorkizuneko ikerketei atea irekita uzten diete eta profesionalen formakuntza-programen sorkuntzarako gida gisa balio dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43103,2020-05-08,"The purpose of this project is to implement a Big Data platform directed to medical analysis. The main objective is to perform an analysis of certain physical factors of a disease in order to facilitate its study, diagnosis and prevention. For this, a study of Big Data platforms is carried out, below several tools are presented for each stage of a Big Data platform. Using the study carried out, the most efficient tools are chosen for each phase. Finally, a use case is implemented, thus checking the correct functioning of our platform.","Proiektu honen helburua azterketa medikoetara bideratutako Big Data plataforma ezartzea da. Helburu nagusia gaixotasun baten zenbait faktore fisikoetako azterketa bat egitea da, azterketa, diagnostikoa eta prebentzioa errazteko. Horretarako, Big Data plataformetako azterketa egiten da, ondoren Big Data plataforma baten fase bakoitzeko hainbat tresna aurkeztuko dira. Egindako azterketa erabiliz, tresna eraginkorrenak fase bakoitzerako aukeratzen dira. Azkenik, erabilera kasu bat inplementatzen da, horrela gure plataformaren funtzionamendu egokia egiaztatzen da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19612,2016-11-25,"The principal aim of this project is to create an attribute-based encryption system suitable for Big Data applications. To maintain the privacy of the data created in the network, the necessity of encrypting the data is clear, but when encrypting Big Data, the process can be arduous and long. Because of that, this project takes advantage of the benefits of the attribute-based encryption in order of lighten the encryption process, and it adds the idea of parallelism to the usual theories, to implement the rapidity that today's encryption systems need.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia Big Data aplikazioetara egokitutako atributuetan oinarritutako sistema kriptografikoa sortzea da. Sarean sortzen diren datuetan pribatutasuna mantentze aldera, datuak zifratzearen beharra nabaria da, baina datu kantitate handiak zifratzean, prozesua oso neketsu eta luzea izaten da. Hori dela eta, atributuetan oinarritutako kriptografiaren abantailez baliatzen da proiektua zifratze-prozesua arintzeko, eta paralelotasunaren ideia gehitzen die ohiko teoriei, horrela, gaur egungo zifratze-sistemek behar duten azkartasuna inplementatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55342,2022-02-02,"The Spanish State tries to guarantee the population's social welfare, and one of its main components, together with health and education, are pensions, with its different types: widowhood, orphanhood, disability, etc. Perhaps, the main one is retirement, so the study will focus on it, since it is the one that requires a greater amount of public funds. The current pension system has a solidarity component, which means that active workers finance the pensions of the elderly ones, and those will in turn be financed by the active workers of the new generations. However, the increase of the life expectancy and the change in the population pyramid towards the older population causes the sustainability of this system to wobble, and here lies the motivation to carry out this analysis of all the factors that affect the Spanish pension system and the existing improvement proposals, with the aim that Spaniards can continue enjoying the optimal social protection.","Espainiar Estatua herritarren gizarte-ongizatea bermatzen saiatzen da, eta haren osagai nagusietako bat, osasunaz eta hezkuntzaz gain, pentsioak dira, eta hainbat mota dauzkagu: alarguntasuna, zurztasuna, baliaezintasuna, etab. Beharbada, erretiroarena bada nagusiena, eta, beraz, horren inguruan arituko da azterlan hau, diru publiko gehien eskatzen dituena baita. Egungo pentsio-sistemak elkartasun ale bat du, hau da, langile aktiboek adinekoen pentsioak finantzatzen dituztela, eta adinekoenak, berriz, belaunaldi berrietako langile aktiboek finantzatuko dituztela. Hala ere, bizi-itxaropen handitzeak eta biztanleria-piramidea, biztanleria zahartuago baterantz aldatzeak sistema honen iraunkortasuna kolokan jartzen du. Hau dela eta, lan honetan Espainiako pentsio-sisteman eragiten duten faktore guztiak eta dauden hobekuntza-proposamenak aztertuko dira, herritarrek gizarte-babes ezin hoberena izaten jarrai dezaten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19725,2016-12-02,"This work focuses on an analysis of marketing in the financial sector from differents persperctives, among we can find, the study of the particularities with the greatest impact on the actions and marketing strategies, the transformation of the sector in the last decades and the new marketing policies carried out by financial institutions. Among these new policies, there is special mention to one of the concepts that is made stronger and gaining actually: the omnichannel. Also, an important paragraph in this work, is an study of the major trends on the sector that are beginning to happen or they will happen in the coming years. For this, we have based on the study and analysis of the literatura referencied, applying an analitical-shyntetik methodology.","Gradu amaierako lan hau, finantza sektorearen marketineko analizian zentratzenda ikuspun ezberdinak konuan hartuz, hala nola, bereziak eragin handienak duten ekintza eta estrategien azterketa eginez, azken hamarkadan sektoreak jasan duen transformazioa eta erakunde finantzariorek erabilitako marketineko politika berriak aztertuz. Politika berri honen artean, aipamen berezi bat egiten da gaur egun indar handia hartzen dabilen kontzeptu bati: omnikanalitatea. Gainera, lan honetan, zati/alde berritzaile bezala, sektorean ematen ari diren edota hurrengo urteetan emango diren joera nagusienak aztertzen dira. Guzti honetarako, bibliografía erreferentziatutako analisian oinarritu gara, analitiko-sintektiko metodología aplikatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58287,2022-06-09,"In this dissertation we have tried to take a first approach to the concept of plagiarism from a triple perspective. Firstly, a review has been carried out from a legal point of view in order to try to approach the fundamental elements of this concept and the gaps that exist around it. In the second part, a more technical approach has been taken in which the field of forensic linguistics has been used solely for information purposes in order to establish the minimum criteria for determining whether a case falls into this category or not in the case of linguistic plagiarism. Finally, case law has been used to make a selection of judgments in order to delve into some of the extreme difficulties that may arise, both from a legal and technical point of view, when determining whether or not plagiarism has taken place in a given case.","Gral honetan plagioaren kontzeptuari ikuspegi hirukoitz batetik heltzeko ahalegina egin da. Lehenik eta behin, plagioaren berrikusketa juridikoa egin da, figura horren funtsezko elementuak eta inguruan dauden hutsuneak zein diren identifikatzen saiatzeko. Bigarren zatian, hurbilketa teknikoagoa egin da, eta auzitegi-hizkuntzalaren eremura jo da, hizkuntza-plagioa gertatuz gero, kasu bat kategoria horren barruan sartzen den ala ez zehazteko diziplina honek proposatzen dituen gutxieneko irizpideak argitzeko. Azkenik, jurisprudentziara jo da epai jakingarren hautaketa bat egiteko, kasu jain batean plagiorik izan den ala ez erabakitzeko orduan sor daitezkeen muturreko zailtasun batzuetan sakontzearren, bai ikuspegi juridikotik, bai ikuspegi teknikotik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62966,2023-07-06,"Trafficking in human beings is a serious crime involving the trade and exploitaCon of human beings for different purposes, which seriously violates the human rights of these persons. Among these purposes, the most prevalent are those related to sexual exploitaCon and labour exploitaCon. The aim of this work is to address these modaliCes in order to understand the reality experienced by the vicCms and the resources available to them for each of the modaliCes. It concludes with an analysis and criCque of the exisCng instruments and resources.","Gizakien salerosketa delitu larria da, hainbat helburutarako gizakien merkataritza eta esplotazioa dakarrena, pertsona horien giza eskubideak modu larrian urratzen dituena. Helburu horien artean, sexu-esplotazioari eta lan-esplotazioari dagokienak prebalentzia handiena dutenak dira. Lan honen bidez, modalitate horiei heldu nahi zaie, bikCmek bizi duten errealitatea eta modalitate bakoitzerako duten baliabideak ezagutzeko. Amaitzeko, dauden tresnak eta baliabideak aztertzen eta kriCkatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25117,2004,"The Law, as a social instrument, constitutes the reflection of predominant cultural conceptions in each community. Thus, the criteria to describe a conduct as “criminal” are determined by the social and political coordinates in every historical moment. Starting from this approach, the international measures to eradicate the feminine genital mutilation are examined, tackling the question of the exigency of criminal responsibility, through a reflection on the cultural differences and the “criminal culpability”.","Zuzenbidea komunitate guztietako kontzeptu kulturalaren islada da. Ekintza bat delitua dela baieztatzen duten kriterioak, gizartearen koordenada sozial eta politikoengatik baldintzatuak azaltzen dira, momentu historiko bakoitzean. Afirmazio honetatik abiatuta, emakumeen genitalen mutilazioarekin amaitzeko hartzen ari diren nazioarteko neurriak aztertzen dira, erantzukizun penalari buruzko erreflexioa eginez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42011,2020-03-09,"The main objectives of this study are (1) to design a teaching unit that promotes relationships among peers; (2) to carry out the designed teaching unit; (3) and to describe the relationship among pupils after the workshop. To begin with, 20 pupils in a 5th grade class participated (9 boys and 11 girls). Participants are from a Primary school in Urruña, located in the province of Lapurdi. In regards to the results, (1) the teaching unit Harremanak sendotzen: elkar ezagutu, sentitu eta entzun [Strengthening relationships: to know, feel and listen to each other] was designed; (2) conflicting interactions were found among children, as well as difficulties in time management during the workshop; finally, (3) it was obvious the relationship dynamics among the group stayed the same. In this work, results are discussed and evaluated with suggestions for future improvement.","Ikerketa honek hiru helburu nagusi ditu: (1) berdinen arteko harremanetan oinarrituriko unitate didaktiko bat diseinatzea; (2) diseinaturiko unitate didaktikoa aurrera eramatea; (3) eta tailerraren ostean ikasleen arteko harremanak deskribatzea. Lana aurrera eramateko, 5. mailako 20 ikaslek parte hartu dute (9 mutil eta 11 neska). Parte hartzaileak, Lapurdi probintzian kokatzen den Urruña herriko ikastolakoak dira. Emaitzei dagokienez, (1) Harremanak sendotzen: elkar ezagutu, sentitu eta entzun unitate didaktikoa diseinatu da; (2) hortik, denboralizazioan eta haurren arteko elkarrekintza gatazkatsuak eman direla ikusi da; eta bukatzeko, (3) argi geratu da beraien arteko harreman dinamikak zeintzuk diren. Lan honetan ere emaitza horiek baloratu dira eta etorkizunerako hobekuntza proposamenak egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27801,2018-06-29,"The photographic project ‘Leihotik Begira’ is a reflexion on the power that photos have to evidence some acts. It is also a way to question the influence that a context or background can have on the reading of a picture. Thanks to the story told, we can put the artist and the voyeur in the same level. The project has become a game between the undefined line between observing and spying.","'Leihotik Begira' argazki proiektua, argazkiek gertaera batzuen aurrean ebidentzia moduan funtzionatzeko duten boterearen inguruko hausnarketa bat da, baita testuinguru batek edo bestek argazki baten irakurketan izan dezakeen eraginari buruzko gogoeta bat ere. Kontatutako istorioari esker, artistaren irudia voyeur-aren irudiarekin parekatzeko aukera izan da, eta behatzearen eta espiatzearen arteko muga zehaztugabearekin egindako jolasa bilakatu da proiektu osoa." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21845,2017,"In this Final Degree Project a space which has been called “The cave of secrets” will be presented in order to introduce poetry to children. To do so, taking as the core Child and Youth literature , their evolution throughout time, their purpose and their importance nowadays Child Poetry, feelings and game have been examined. This work has as its aim to create a fantastic world in the schools. A fantastic world which will serve to understand better what poetry in Early Childhood Education is, a fantastic world which will serve to bring closer poetry to children and which will help to incorporate it in their everyday routine. To do so, the present work will focus on these following two questions: 1) What can we do to revive the already existing fantasy of poetry that children have?; 2) How can we incorporate it to the current Education system? Therefore, in the following lines the fantastic world in which poetry lives will be jumping to reality, but always being based on games and enjoyment.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan poesiaren munduan murgiltzeko “Sekretuen haitzuloa” deritzogun jolasez beteriko espazioa aurkeztuko da. Horretarako, Haur eta Gazte Literatura (HGL), bere bilakaera, funtzio eta gaur egun duen garrantzian sakonduz, Haur Poesia, emozioak eta jolasa aztertu dira. Honako lan hau, Haur Hezkuntzan poesia benetan zer den ulertzeko, umeengana hurbiltzeko eta haien egunerokotasunean txertatzeko asmoz ikastetxeetan mundu fantastiko txiki bat sortzeko helburuarekin burutu da, bi galdera-eragiletan zentratuz: 1) Zer egin daiteke jada haurrengan existitzen den poesiaren fantasia pizteko?; 2) Nola txertatu dezakegu egungo hezkuntza ereduan? Horrenbestez, hurrengo lerroetan poesiaren mundu fantastikoak errealera salto egingo du, betiere jolasean eta gozamenean oinarrituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60851,2023-04-21,"The next work is the end of degree work done at the faculty of education and sport of Vitoria-Gasteiz. This paper has analyzed the knowledge, interest and involvement of secondary students in the Basque ballusin gone's hand (basque ball). For this purpose, 79 students from 2 ESO, that is, 13 to 14 years old, along with a control group of 4 ESO, were analyzed. Thus, from these participants, we also analyzed the impact that a teaching unit of Basque Ball had on the students of the second grade of the ESO, passing a questionnaire to students of second and fourth before and after undertaking the teaching unit and analyzing its results through cross tables and the Wilconson test. Before the teaching unit, except for the knowledge of the Basque players, where the second was greater than the fourth, the knowledge and interest of the second and fourth were similar. The HH found that those of the second increased considerably the knowledge and interest in the ball by hand, except in question 6, in which they perform ball by hand or not, significant changes were observed in the results of the HH performed previously. In addition, the responses of the 4th did not generally experience significant changes. It is clear that the development of an adequate teaching unit increases the motivation of students and that the interest, knowledge and involvement in this subject coincides with the increase in it, impacting on the importance of the teaching unit in secondary education and specifically in physical education.","Hurrengo lana Gasteizko Hezkuntza eta Kirol fakultatean egindako gradu- amaierako lana da. Lan honetan bigarren hezkuntzako ikasleak esku pilotaren inguruan duten ezagutza, interesa eta aplikazioa aztertu da. Horretarako, 2. mailako 79 ikasle aztertu dira, hau da, 13-14 urte bitarteko umeak, 4. mailako ikasleak kontrol talde moduan hartuz. Horrela, parte hartzaile hauetatik abiatuz, Esku Pilotaren unitate didaktiko batek DBH 2. mailako ikasleengan duen eragina ere aztertu da, 2. eta 4. mailako ikasleei galdetegi bat pasatuz unitate didaktikoa egin aurretik eta ondoren, eta haien emaitzak aztertuz taula gurutzatuen eta Wilconson taularen bitartez. Unitate didaktikoaren aurretik, euskal pilotarien ezagutzan izan ezik, zeinetan 2. mailakoena handiagoa zen 4. mailakoenarekin alderatuz, 2. eta 4. mailakoen ezagutza eta interesa antzekoa zen. UD-aren eraginez 2. mailakoek esku pilotaren inguruko ezagutza eta interesa asko handitu zutela ikusi da, izan ere, 6. galderan izan ezik (esku pilota praktikatzen duten edo ez) beste guztietan aldaketa nabarmenak ikusi ziren UD ondoren egindako galdetegiaren emaitzetan UD aurretik egindakoarekin konparatuz. Horrez gain, 4. mailakoen erantzunek ez zituzten orokorrean aldaketa nabarmenik izan. Datu hauek adierazten digute UD-ak eragin positiboa izan zuela 2. mailako ikasleengan (interbentzio taldean). Argi utziz, behar bezalako unitate didaktiko bat aurrera eramanez ikasleen motibazioa areagotzen dela eta gai horrekiko interesa, ezagutza eta inplikazioa honekin bat datorrenez, hauen gehikuntza ematen da. Unitate didaktikoaren garrantzia azpimarratuz bigarren hezkuntzan eta konkretuki gorputz hezkuntzaren arloan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69685,2024-10-04,"We often have the belief that in gender-based violence there is only one victim, the woman, however, we forget about those defenseless people who also suffer it. In this research, we will address the reality of minors who live with situations of gender violence, and who, in most cases, are also direct victims of what we call vicarious violence, being used by their father as an instrument to cause inhuman and irreversible damage to their mother. Therefore, we will address not only vicarious violence but also the legal protection afforded to these minors as direct victims of gender-based violence.","Askotan uste dugu genero-indarkerian biktima bakarra dagoela, emakumea; hala ere, ahaztu egiten zaizkigu indarkeria hori jasaten duten pertsona babesgabeak. Ikerketa honetan, genero-indarkeriako egoerekin bizi diren adingabeen errealitateari helduko diogu; izan ere, kasu gehienetan, indarkeria bikarioa deritzonaren biktima zuzenak dira, eta aitak amari kalte ankerra eta atzeraezina eragiteko tresna gisa erabiltzen ditu. Horregatik, indarkeria bikarioa ez ezik, genero-indarkeriaren biktima zuzen gisa adingabe horiei ematen zaien babes juridikoa ere jorratuko dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47712,2020-11-04,"The design and fabrication proposal of the caliper mounting of the front fork of the two prototypes that the MotoStudent team of the Engineering school of Bilbao, Bizkaia ESIBilbao, will be taking to the VI Edition of the MotoStudent Competition is presented in this document. Due to the role caliper mounting plays in the lower front train, it will be worked on alongside the rest of the components of this train. It will be described the design process from its initial phases until the final prototype. With that purpose, the diverse criteria upon which the design is based will be presented, accompanied by a detailed explanation of the analysis carried out in order to optimize the model. The result of those tests will also be shown. Once the definitive model is designed, its fabrication will be designed in order to, afterwards, manufacture it in the team’s workshop in the Engineering School of Bilbao.","Lan honetan Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako MotoStudent taldeak, Bizkaia ESIBilbao-k, MotoStudent Lehiaketa VI Edizioan erabiliko dituen bi prototipoentzako puntakoaren diseinua eta fabrikazioa azalduko da. Puntakoak aurreko behe trenean daukan eragina dela eta, treneko horretako beste osagaiekin batera landuko da. Diseinu prozesua azalduko da hasierako fasetik amaierako prototipoa lortu arte. Horretarako, diseinuko irizpideak aurkeztuko dira, optimizatzeko egindako analisien xehetasunezko azalpena egingo da eta hauetan lortutako emaitzak erakutsiko dira. Behin amaierako modeloa diseinatuta, beronen fabrikazio prozesua diseinatuko da, ondoren taldearen Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako tailerrean fabrikatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57123,2022-08-02,"Brittle fracture is a failure that occurs with barely prior plastic deformation and instantly. It is not as common as fatigue or ductile collapses. Traditional theories of failure such as Von Mises or Tresca do not explain this kind of cases: Fracture Mechanics is responsible for them. In this work several cases of Fracture Mechanics are analyzed, covering mode I, mode II and mixed mode I and II. Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) is calculated for each case, applying: theorical expressions on the one hand, and Finite Element models on the other hand. Moreover, it is explained crack modeling and its influence on the mesh process. Finally, obtained results for the SIF are presented, making a comparison between those from theorical expressions and those from Finite Element, to close the work with the conclusions. This thesis may be helpful, among other areas, in order to estimate crack propagation, as SIF is a basic parameter for that purpose.","Haustura hauskorra da bat-batean eta ia deformazio plastiko gabe jazotzen den hutsegitea. Ez da hain arrunta neke edo harikor motako hutsegiteekin konparatuz. Ohiko hutsegite teoriek, Von Mises edo Tresca esaterako, ez dituzte kolapso horiek azaltzen: Frakturaren Mekanika arduratzen da. Lan honetan Frakturaren Mekanikako zenbait kasu aztertzen dira, modu I, modu II eta modu misto I eta II barne hartuz. Kasu bakoitzerako kalkulatu egiten da tentsio intentsite faktorea, metodo ezberdinak baliatuz: alde batetik formula teorikoak, eta bestetik Elementu Finituko modeloak erabiliz. Halaber, pitzadura nola definitu behar den eta bere eragina sare prozesuan azaldu egiten da. Azkenik, tentsio intentsitate faktorerako lortu diren emaitzak erakusten dira, alderatuz formula teorikoek emandako baloreak eta Elementu Finituen bitartekoak; eta amaitzeko ondorioak aurkezten dira. Lan hau lagungarria izan daiteke, adibidez, pitzadura propagazioa estimatzeko, tentsio intentsitate faktorea oinarrizko parametro bat baita arlo horretan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20034,2016-12-29,"The object of the research is to know how violence influences in health during engagement. This is why the questionnaire was performed to two groups of students from the University of Basque Country and to several known. In this way, the results indicated that although very few people had produced and/or suffered violence, the predominant type of violence was psychological. Furthermore, the results established that the study participants this kind of violence was not easy to identify, and due to this they occurred mental disorders such as depression or emotional harm. Therefore, it is proposed to work skills based on managing emotions and self-esteem.","Ikerkuntzaren helmuga ezkongaietan ematen den indarkeriak osasunean duen eragina ezagutzea zen. Hori jakiteko, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko bi ikasle talderi zein zenbait ezagunei, gaiari buruzko galdetegia egin zitzaien. Gauzak horrela, nahiz eta bortizkeria jaso zein eragin duten pertsonen kopurua txikia izan, gehien ematen zen bortizkeria mota psikologikoa zela esaten zuten emaitzek. Horrez gain, emaitzek, gazteek tratu txar mota horiek identifikatzerako garaian zuten zailtasuna argitu zuten, eta indarkeria horrek, depresioa bezalako gaixotasun mentalak edota min emozionala eragiten zituela baieztatu zen. Horregatik, ikerketak auto-estima eta emozio kudeaketan oinarritutako gaitasunak lantzea proposatzen du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60499,2023-03-27,"The aim of this paper is to perform a fluid dynamic analysis of the electrolyte pressure drop of a redox flow battery. CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) programs will be used in the analysis in order to validate the results of the numerical model with the experimental results. Once the model has been validated, different designs of both the battery itself and the electrode will be made using CAD tools. These new geometries will be analysed in the CFD programme, so that the model can be analysed and optimised from the fluid dynamic point of view.","Dokumentu honen bidez, erredox fluxu-bateria baten elektrolitoaren presio-erorketaren analisi fluidodinamikoa egin nahi da. Analisian CFD (Fluido Konputazionalen Dinamika) programak erabiliko dira, zenbakizko ereduaren emaitzak emaitza esperimentalekin baliozkotzeko. Eredua baliozkotu ondoren, bateriaren beraren eta elektrodoaren diseinuak egingo dira CAD tresnen bidez. Geometria berri horiek CFD programan aztertuko dira, eredua fluidodinamikaren ikuspegitik aztertu eta optimizatu ahal izateko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16436,2015-12-11,"Industrial Establishments to which the 2012/18/UE policy applies must perform actions to control and plan the risks inherent to major-accidents that can be caused by hazardous substances. According to the aforementioned policy, establishments classified at the highest risk level must perform a safety report including risk analysis of possible major-accidents in order to calculate possible losses. Several methodologies are used to achieve this goal, such as analysis of the possible hypothesis of major accidents or calculation of the related damages to people and environment. The technical report seeks to analyze the consequences of a real accident caused by a toxic nitrogen dioxide cloud, its results being compared to the real accident data. Additionally, some assumptions are made in order to analyze the consequences of a risk scenario in the same facilities, which should be included in the safety report.","2012/18/EB zuzentaraua aplikagarri zaien industria-establezimenduek derrigor ezarri behar dituzte substantzia arriskutsuek eragin ditzaketen istripu larrien berezko arriskuak kontrolatzeko eta planifikatzeko beharrezkoak diren ekimenak. Aipatu zuzentarauak behartzen ditu maila gorenean sailkatu diren establezimenduak segurtasun-txostena egitera, zeinek balizko istripu larrien arrisku-analisiak jasoko dituen gerta litezkeen kalteak kalkulatzeko. Horretarako hainbat metodologia erabiltzen dira: istripu larrien balizko hipotesien analisitik istripu horien ondorioen kalkuluraino, pertsonak, ondasun higiezinak eta ingurumena kontuan hartuta. Txosten teknikoaren helburua da nitrogeno dioxidoaren laino toxiko batek eragindako benetako istripuaren ondorioak analizatzea, lortutako emaitzak benetako istripuaren datuekin erkatzen direlarik. Era berean, zenbait suposizio erabiltzen dira instalazio bereari dagokion eta segurtasun-txostenean jasota beharko lukeen arriskuagertoki baten ondorioak analizatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25486,1997,"Minors are a population with some specific problems, which are treated by the Juridical Psychology of the Minor. From this perspective, is interesting to center in two fundamental questions: the amount of law that the police applies when acting and the manner they act. Likewise, other subjects appear with a special importance, as the obtention of evidences, by means of an interview, the competence and responsability of minors as the two poles, positive and negative, of a same reality.","Adingabekoak arazo bereziak dituzten hiritarrak dira; arazo horiek Adingabekoaren Psikologia Juridikoak aztertzen ditu. Ikuspegi horretatik interesgarria da abiaburutzat funtsezko bi alderdi hartzea: poliziak bere jarduketan aplikatzen duen legearen kopurua eta nola jarduten duen. Horrekin batera, oso garrantzitsuak diren beste gai batzuk azaltzen dira, hala nola, errealitate beraren polo positiboa eta negatiboa diren elkarrikuskaketaren bidez lekukotzak eskuratzea eta adingabekoaren eskumena eta erantzukizuna." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26977,1996,"The origin, foundation and development of the Neapolitan ""Camorra"", and other similar associations of criminals in Spain are studied through literary narrations about the matter. Likewise, an analusis of the prison world is carried out through the examination of the ""Germanía""s, a prison association with a specific performance based on some rules established by the own prisoners.","Napoles-eko ""Camorra"" eta Espainian izandako beste gaizkile-elkarteen jatorria, sorkuntza eta garapena ikertzen dira, haiengandik sorturiko kontakizun literarioen bidez. Era berean, espetxe munduko azterketa bat burutzen da ""Germanía"" deituriko elkarteen ikerketa baten bitartez, kontutan hartuz aipatutako ""Germanía""k espetxe barruan aritzen zirela atxilotuek ezarrtako araudipean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28286,2013,"The archaeological works carried out in 2009 at the northeast of the historical center of Besalú, allowed to document five silos filled gradually between the 10th and 13th centuries. The multidisciplinary study of the different remains that were found inside (basically fauna, seeds and pottery) have allowed to approach to some alimentary features of the mediaeval Besalú inhabitants.","2009an Besalú herriaren erdigune historikoan burututako lan arkeologikoek X-XIII. mendeen artean amortizatutako bost silo azaleratu zituzten. Ohikoa den analisi zeramikoaz gain, fauna eta karpologia analisiak egin dira eta hauen bidez, Erdi Aroko Besalú hiribilduaren biztanleen elikadura eta beraien ingurumen naturalari buruzko informazioa lortu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28169,2018-07-23,"The purpose of this work is the synthesis and the characterization of magnetite nanoparticles to be used as additives in marine coatings. Which can be very useful to prevent, protect and to delay the corrosive process in marine structures. In the synthesis process a certain temperature, a reaction time and agitation have been used, which has allowed us to obtain nanoparticles of specific size. The characterization of these of particles has been carried out by X-ray Powder Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and magnetism essays. The synthesized nanoparticles have a size of around 7 nm, although their determination has been very complicated as they tend to agglomerate. To avoid as far as posible the agglomeration process it has been added different amount of H3PO4.","Lan honen helburua magnetita nanopartikulen sintesian eta karakterizazioan datza, itsas estalduretan gehigarritzat erabiltzeko. Hauen bidez itsas egituren prozesu korrosiboa sahiestu, babestu eta atzeratu daiteke. Sintesi prozesuan temperatura, erreakzio denbora eta agitazio zehatzak erabili dira, eta hauen bidez tamaina konkretuko nanopartikulak lortu ahal izan dira. Partikula hauen karakterizazioa X ispien difrakzio, ekorketa mikroskopia elektronikoa (SEM), transmisio mikroskopia elektroniko (TEM), Fourierren bidez eraldatutako infragorri (FTIR) eta magnetismo saiakuntzen (VSM) bidez egin da. Naiz eta sintetizatutako nanopartikulen neurria zehaztea zaila den, biltzeko joera dutelako, 7 nm inguruko neurria daukate. Nanopartikulen biltzeko joerari aurre egiteko H3PO4 kantitate desberdinak gehitu zaizkio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23165,2017-07,"This project is about the development of a software that calculates the stress and deformation situation for any point of a solid. Nowadays the solutions for these problems are made by hand, which creates a loss of time and an uncertainty about the final results due to possible mistakes during the process. The software proposed is going to be developed using Matlab and the formulas used are going to be based on the basic theories of Material’s Resistance and Elasticity[1],[2]. Once the user inserts the data, the programme will make available all the stress and strain information about a specific point of a solid: main stresses, Mohr’s circles, stress matrix invariants, longitudinal unitary deformations, and so on. In this way, getting all the interesting information will be possible just in a click by this software, in an economic and reliable way.","Lan honetan edozein solidoko puntu baten tentsioa eta deformazioa kalkulatzeko programa informatiko baten garapena aurkeztuko da. Gaur egun problema hauen kalkuluak eskuz egiten dira, denbora galerak eta egindako eragiketetan sortu litezkeen erroreengatik ziurgabetasunak sortuz. Proposatutako programa Matlab softwarea erabiliz garatuko da eta programatutako formulak Materialen Erresistentzia eta Elastikotasunaren oinarrizko teorian[1],[2] oinarrituko dira. Programak, erabiltzaileak datuak sartu ostean, solidoaren puntu konkretuan izango den tentsio eta deformazio egoerari buruzko informazio guztia eskuragarri izatea ahalbidetuko du: tentsio nagusiak, Mohr-en zirkuluak, tentsio matrizearen inbarianteak, luzapen deformazio unitarioak, etab. Horrela, programa bakar baten bitartez, interesgarria den informazio guztia klik batean izango dugu, era merke eta fidagarri batean." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25253,2003,"The phenomenon of drugs use spreads in the Eighties. In front of it, the International Community, involved in the fight against drugs, has signed some international treaties to face this problem. Apart from the punishment, harm reduction programs were started. These programs can be developed through numerous strategies but, nevertheless, they can present diverse difficulties derived from their adaptation to the effective legality, or have som problems putting them into practice.","Larogei garren hamarkadan drogen kontsumoen hedapen bat ematen da. Drogen aurkako borrokan parte den nazioarteko komunitateak, drogen aurka hainbat hitzarmen sinatu ditu. Zigorrak alde batetara utziz, haien ordez beste bide batzuk aurkitzen saiatu dira, adibidez, min eta arriskuak gutxitzen dituzten programak. Hainbat estrategiei esker garatu daitezke programa hauek, baina zailtasunak, gaur egungo legeriarekin moldatzerakoan etor daitezke, edo eta aplikazio praktikoak ematen dituen zailtasun eta okerrak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24386,2010,"This article shows the need for a new theory of juridical argumentation in criminal matters. It gives an account on the history of the Mexican Federal Penal Code. It also differentiates juridical science from criminal law. Criminal science cannot be seen only as argumentation, it is necessary to judge and argue giving more importance to the critical interpretation in the light of modern hermeneutics.","Artikulu honek zigor-arloan argudio jurdiko berri baten beharra azaltzen du. Mexikar Zigor-Kode Federalaren historioa azaltzen du. Lege Penala eta Zientzia Juridikoaren arteko desbertintasuna egiten du. Zientzia Jurdiko eta Penala ezin daiteke argudio bezala soilik aztertu, baizik eta egungo hermeneutika kontuan harturik, beharrezkoa da epaitu eta argudiatu interpretazio kritikoari garrantzi handiagoa emanez." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67621,2024-05-07,"This work analyzes the causes of concern about the action of the human being on the climate, energy, agriculture, transport, industry, the environment and the oceans, and research and innovation. It identifies the urgent need for acting and gather the objectives that the European Union has established for this purpose and has reflected in the European Green Deal. In addition, it studies the 2021-2027 Multiannual Financial Framework and the Next Generation EU instrument to assess to what extent the transformative intention of the European Union materializes in financing that allows achieving the foreseen objectives. It concludes that the European Union strongly commits to finance the fight against climate change and the transition of the energy and the transport systems, but does not make great advances in the areas of agriculture, biodiversity, environment and oceans.","Lan honek gizakiaren ekintzek kliman eta ingurune naturalean eragiten duten narriaduragatik kezkatzeko arrazoiak aztertzen ditu. Jarduteko premia larria identifikatzen du, eta Europar Batasunak horretarako ezarri dituen helburuak eta ekintza-planak Europako Itun Berdean jasotzen ditu. Gainera, 2021-2027 Urte Anitzeko Finantza Esparrua eta Next Generation EU tresna aztertzen ditu, Europar Batasunaren asmo eraldatzailea aurreikusitako helburuak lortzea ahalbidetuko duen finantzaketan zenbateraino gauzatzen den ebaluatzeko. Ondorioztatzen du Europar Batasuna buru-belarri ari dela klima-aldaketaren aurkako borrokaren eta energia-garraio sistemen deskarbonizaziorako trantsizioaren finantzaketan, nahiz eta bitartekoak eta lorpenak apalagoak izaten ari diren nekazaritzaren, biodibertsitatearen, ingurumenaren eta ozeanoen arloan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24240,2017-09,"The main aim of this work is to analyze if it is possible to replace the fuel oil use in a single family house with solar thermal panels. To do that, the main information that must be taken into account is: the location of the building and the characteristics and the necessities of the family. Apart from that, as the proposal is to use solar energy, it is necessary to collect and analyze the meteorological data in order to know the availability that this kind of energy has during the different seasons and if it matches with the necessities of the family. After making the analysis, the conclusion is that the energy demand of the family does not always match with the energy produced. In order to solve this problem a thermal energy storage system is used to have the chance to use the stored energy in moments where the production is less than the consumption.","Familiabakarreko etxebizitza baten beroketa gasolioaren bidez egin beharrean, eguzki kolektoreen bidez egin daitekeen aztertu da. Horretarako eraikinaren kokapena, ezaugarriak eta familiaren beharrizanak kontuan hartzea ezinbestekoa da. Horrez gain, datu meteorologikoak bildu eta aztertu dira, eguzki energia erabiltzea proposatzen baita eta honek urte sasoi desberdinetan eskuragarri duen energia zein den jakitea ezinbestekoa da. Hau azterturik, familiaren beharrizan energetikoak eta une bakoitzean lortzen den energia kantitatea bat ez datozela ikusten da, beraz, arazo horri aurre egin behar zaio. Hala, metagailu termikoaren erabilpena ezinbestekotzat jotzen da, xahutu gabeko energia beharrizan handiagoko hilabeteetan erabili ahal izateko aukera eskainiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/61277,2023-06-02,"The main objective of this work is to study the effects of the implementation of the use of mass data in companies, by examining the possible benefits and challenges that it may entail. For this, the main aspects of the world of data and Big Data will be analyzed, which must be considered for the perfect understanding of the study. Next, we will develop the most outstanding benefits and challenges that companies experience during the application of the use of data in their activity. In addition, in order to be able to approach the issue from the most real and close possible perspective, the Biscayan company Vicrila Industrias de Vidrio S.L.U. has been specifically analyzed, thus observing its different ways of making use of their data. Finally, the study concludes with an overview of the implementation of Big Data tools in companies, as well as suggested proposals in the operation of the analyzed company to achieve a greater efficiency and improvements in its results.","Lan honen helburu nagusia enpresetan datu masiboak erabiltzeagatik eragindako ondorioak ikertzean datza, sortu ahal diren abantailak eta eragozpenak aztertuz. Horretarako, datuen mundua eta Big Dataren ezaugarri nagusiak analizatuko dira, zeinak kontuan izan behar dira lanaren erabateko ulermena eskuratzeko. Ondoren, enpresek haien jardueran zehar datu masiboak erabiltzearen ondorioz esperimentatzen dituzten abantaila eta eragozpen nabarmenenak garatuko dira. Gainera, gaiari ikuspuntu erreal eta gertuenetik ekin ahal izateko, Vicrila Industrias de Vidrio S.L.U. bizkaitar enpresa aztertu da, datuak ustiatzen dituzten modu ezberdinak behatuz. Azkenik, enpresetan Big Data erramintak ezartzearen ikuspegi orokorra ematen da, baita aztertutako enpresak efizientzia handitzeko eta bere emaitzan hobekuntzak lortzeko haren funtzionamendurako proposamenak ondorioztatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36500,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the aim of this project is to calculate and design an industrial building, which purpose will be to warehouse tyres. It will be located at A.H.V. industrial zone in Basauri (Bizkaia). The building will be symmetric and gabled roof with 5° of inclination, 25 m wide and 11,09 m height. The building will be formed by 15 porticoes (14 gaps) with a distance of 6 m between them; therefore, it will have 84 m length. The area occupied by the building will be of 2100 m2. The first and the last porticos will have constant sections, while the rest of them will be lattice porticoes. A 25 m wide bridge crane, with a capacity of 5 tn, will be located inside the structure; its travelling will be 60 m long, between the second and the twelfth porticoes. A 25 m wide second floor will be located at 4 m height between the thirteenth and fifteenth porticoes; therefore, its surface will be 300 m2.","Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua gurpilen biltegi bezala erabiliko den egitura industrial baten kalkulua eta diseinua da. Egitura Basaurin (Bizkaia) kokatuta egongo da, zehaztasunez, A.H.V. industrialdean. Egitura simetrikoa eta bi uretara diseinatuko da, 5°-tako inklinazioarekin eta 25 m-tako zabalerarekin. 15 portiko izango ditu (14 hutsune), 6 m-tako distantziarekin beraien artean, hau da, 84 m-tako luzera totala eta 2100 m2-tako gainazala izango ditu. Gailurraren altuera 11,09 m-takoa izango da. Portiko hastialak sekzio konstantekoak izango dira, eta gainerakoak sareta bidezko portikoak. Egituraren barnean bigarren eta hamabigarren portikoen artean dabilen zubi garabi bat egongo da, 5 tn-tako kapazitatea, 60 m-tako ibilbidea eta 25 m-tako zabalera izango ditu. Hamahirugarren eta hamabosgarren portikoen artean bigarren solairu bat kokatuta egongo da 4 m-tako altueran, egituraren zabalera osoa (25 m) beteko du, hortaz, 300 m2-tako gainazala izango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28305,2013,"In this short article we present the first data from the solely industrial complex at Pinos I site, located a clear distance from a pars urbana not yet under study. With a new perspective, entirely devoted to the rural area of a villa we are able to observe the success of the Roman industrialization process during the early empire, as well as the major changes occurring from the 4th c. A.D. onward during a true golden age of rural Roman settlement in Hispania. Through complete ceramic and numismatic analysis we are able to provide information on the chronological and functional development of the architectonic structures, in relation to commercial changes that have left their mark on variations to archaeological materials. In essence, we now present the first known information on this site, which due to its size we can classify as one of the largest olive oil industry sites excavated to date in the south of Spain. Consequently, we contribute important information to the debate on pars frumentaria at Roman villas in Hispania.","Artikulu honetan Pinos I izeneko aztarnategiaren indusketaren lehen datuak aurkezten ditugu. Aztarnategia erromatar industrigune bat da eta oraindik ikertzeke dagoen pars urbana batetik gertu dago. Villa baten landa eremuari eskainitako ikerketa honen bidez, alde batetik, Goi Inperioan gertatutako erromatar industrializazio prozesu arrakastatsua eta bestetik, IV. mendetik aurrera, Hispaniako populaketa landatarraren Urre Garaia, geratutako aldaketa sakonak ikus ditzakegu. Analisi zeramiko eta numismatikoaren bidez, aldaketa komertzialek eragindako material arkeologikoen aldakuntza ikus daiteke eta honek, egitura arkitektonikoen eboluzio kronologiko eta funtzionalak ezagutzea ahalbidetzen du. Laburbilduz, bere neurriengatik Hispania hegoaldean induskatutako erromatar olio industrigune handienetariko bat izan daitekeen aztarnategiaren lehen datuak aurkezten ditugu. Ondorioz, Espainiako erromatar villae-n pars frumentaria-ren inguruko eztabaidari informazio garrantzitsua gehitzen diogu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16317,2015-12-03,"An adequate use of the solar resource can lead to an improvement on the efficiency of the building. Therefore, the aim of this project is to reduce the energy consumption in buildings by adding shading devices on the façade. In order to find an acceptable brightness and protection for the building, it is necessary to know enough about this solar resource that will help us save energy. First of all, before choosing the adequate shading device, other shading techniques have been studied, as well as, some graphical and analytical methods that determine the amount of solar radiation entering to the building. However, thanks to the simulation done with Ecotect more accurate values have been obtained. After defining the location, the orientation and other properties of the building that has been used for the analysis, four types of shading devices have been added to the façade to check the difference between the building with and without protection. To observe the impact of the atmospheric conditions when choosing the appropriate protection system, the analysis has been done in Bilbao and Seville. Two cities with different climatologic conditions that will help us select the best option considering the orientation and dimensions of the device too. Apart from that, the shading masks produced by these protection systems have helped in developing a general behavior of these shading devices that will determine whether this systems have the ability to protect the building during summer and letting the light through during winter. Finally, the best shading device has been chosen taking into account the orientation, the location and all the data obtained, gaining an appropriate brightness, protection and energy saving for the building.","Lan honen helburu nagusia eraikuntzan gehituko diren argi-babeski sistema mota desberdinak aurkeztea da, bertan ematen den energia kontsumoa murrizteko asmoz. Izan ere, argi naturalaren erabilpen egoki batek eraikinaren efizientzia hobetzera eramango gaitu. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa izango da baliabide hau behar bezala ezagutzea, argitasuna eta beharrezko babesa eskaintzeko, eta ondorioz, energia aurreztea lortzeko. Babes sistema egokiena aukeratu baino lehen, aldez aurretik sortu izan diren argi-babeski mota desberdinak aztertu izan dira. Horrez gain, eguzki erradiazioa neurtzeko metodo grafiko eta analitikoak ere aztertu dira. Ondoren, Ecotect programak eskaintzen dituen simulazioei esker, eguzki erradiazioaren datu zehatzagoak lortzeko asmoz, ikasketa horretan erabiliko den eraikinaren kokapena, orientazioa eta ezaugarriak erabaki dira. Behin prototipoa definituta, programa bidez lau babes sistema mota desberdinak aztertu dira, horrela babesik gabeko eraikinean lortutako datuak alderatzeko. Azterketa Bilbo eta Sevillan egitea erabaki izan da. Izan ere, bi hiriburu hauek klimatologian duten desberdintasuna argi-babeskien aukeraketan duen eragina aztertzeko aukeratu dira, gainera, orientazioak eta argi babeskien dimentsioek ere izan dute zer esana aukeraketa garaian. Horrez gain, argi-babeskiek sortutako itzala ere aztertu izan da. Horrela, sistema hauen jarrera orokorra ikusi daiteke, eta beraz, uda garaian babesteko eta negu garaian eguzki izpiak sartzen uzteko duten ahalmena ikusi da. Bukatzeko, aurretik lortutako datu guztiei esker, eta bai kokapena zein orientazioa kontutan hartuz, babes sistema egokiena aukeratu da, jakinik ezinbestekoa dela argitasuna, babesa eta aurrezte energetikoaren arteko oreka egoki bat lortzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36577,2019-11-27,"Abstract (English): In the present project a program is developed to serve as a tool for the structural calculation of a cable car installation. As starting input data, the user must enter in an Excel sheet several parameters related to the parts of the installation, such as pillars, cabins, cable and ground characteristics. From this information, the program is able to calculate the tensions supported by the cable and, with them, the maximum stresses caused in the pillars. As a final result it is determined if the section of the pillars initially chosen is enough for the system to withstand the loads or, on the opposite, it is necessary to increase it.","Laburpena (Euskara): Aurkeztutako lanean teleferiko baten instalazioaren kalkulu estrukturala egiteko erraminta bat garatzen da. Hau lortzeko, datu estruktural batzuk sartu behar dira Excel horri batean. Datu horiek instalazioan aurki daitezkeen elementuak izango dira; zenbat zutabe eta kabina dauden, kablearen deskribapena eta instalazioaren lurzoruaren ezaugarriak, ain zuzen ere. Emandako informazioarekin, diseinatutako programak, kableek jasaten dituzten tentsioak kalkulatzen ditu, horrela zutabeek pairatzen dituzten esfortsu maximoak kalkulatu ahal izateko. Guzti honen bitartez, hasieran ezarritako zutabeen azalera esfortsu horiek jasateko gai izango den ala ez zehaztuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19662,2016-11-30,"This work seeks to provide an efficient and renewable alternative for biogas burned in the torch of the E.D.A.R. of Arriandi . The alternative offered and studied in this paper is to reform the biogas obtained from anaerobic fermentation in the E.D.A.R to obtain biohydrogen , the biohydrogen obtained is fed to a fuel cell to obtain clean and renewable electricity. To perform the work, all the reforming process and two alternative fuel cell ( SOFC and PEM AT ) are simulated in Aspen Plus to finally analyze the results and decide which is the most suitable for this project.","Gradu amaierako lan hau saiatzen da alternatiba eraginkor eta berriztagarria E.D.A.R-eko zuzian erretako biogaserako eskaintzen. Arriandi-ko. Eskainitako eta lan honetan ikasitako alternatiba, egitea da bat berrituta E.D.A.R-ean biohidrogenoaren lorpenerako hartzidura anaerobiotik lortutako biogasera, lortutako biohidrogenoa elikatzen da energia elektriko garbi eta berriztagarria zeinetatik lortzen den erregai-pilara. Egiteko lanak berrituta prozesu guztiaren alegia egiten du Aspen Plus-en eta analizatzen dira erregai-piletako bi alternatiba (AT PEM eta SOFC) azkenik zein den egokiena proiektu honen errealizaziorako erabakitzea." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26068,1990,"It is carried out an opinion poll abut the collective of professionals who took part in the course ""Judicial Police of the development of a more effective justice"", organizated in San Sebastian in March 1990. The opinion poll objective was to know from a vast perspective this collective problems.","""Polizi Judiziala justizi eraginkor bateruntz abiatuta""-ko kurtsoan, IVAC-KREIk Donostian antolatutakoa, (1990.go martxoan egina), parte hartu zuen labide kolektiboari inkesta bat egiten zaio. Honen helburua, hark bere arloan aurkitzen dituen arazoak zeintzu eta nolakoak diren jakitea izan da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25125,2004,"After making a brief review of the points on which the European public strategy to face the destructive sects’ phenomenon is based, it is shown an example of this work in a concrete field: the relation between sects and drugs. Also, the public strategies to face this problem are explained, and some ideas to debate the possible lines of the police preventive work on the subject of destructive sects are suggested.","Sekta suntsitzaileen aurkako fenomenoekiko Europako estrategia publikoari buruz errepasoa egin ondoren, lan horri buruzko adibide bat azaltzen da kasu konkretu batetan: sekta eta drogen arteko erlazioa. Arazo horren aurrean dauden estrategia publikoak azaltzen dira, eta sekta suntsitzaileen aurka egin behar den prebentzio polizial lana nola eraman daitekeen ideia batzuk azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23208,2017-07,"The goal of this project is the implementation of an environmental management system based on ISO 14001-2015 norm in a combined cycle power plant, using natural gas as source of energy and seawater for the steam power turbine and cooling circuit. The ISO 14001-2015 norm involves all departments of the company and its purpose is to fulfil the corporate social responsibility.","Proiektu honek ingurumeneko kudeaketa-sistema baten ezarpena helburu du, ISO 14001-2015 arauan oinarrituta, ziklo konbinatu bidezko energiaren sorkuntzarako instalazio batean, gas naturala energia-iturri duena eta itsasoko ura ziklo konbinatuan eta hozte-zirkuituan erabiltzen duena. ISO 14001-2015 arauan oinarritutako egokitzapen honek enpresaren sail guztiak barne hartzen ditu, eta helburua erakundearen erantzukizun sozial betetzeko balio izango du." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24997,2008,"The victim problematic has no frontiers or special limits and is a proper issue of the compared criminal law. In this article we show a coherent and systematic view on victims in the criminal law dogmatic and the criminal procedural law –with special reference to Latin America– and some reflections are formulated on the actual state of question. Some future courses of victimology are examined also, assessing the repercussion on the formation of the criminal system.","Biktimen problematikak ez dauka ez mugarik ez limite espazialik, zuzenbide penal konparatuaren berezko auziekin itxuratzen delarik. Artikulu honetan biktimaren gaineko ikuspegi sistematiko eta koherente bat agertzen da zuzenbide penal eta zuzenbide procesal penalaren dogmatikaren eremuan -arreta bereiziarekin latinoamerikako alorrean– eta zenbait hausnarketa azaltzen dira gai honen aktualitatean. Biktimologiaren etorkizuneko bide aldaketak aztertzen dira baita ere, sistema penalaren osaketan duen oihartzuna balioesten." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31748,2019-02-28,"Every Educational System must aim at providing students with the highest quality education within the framework of an inclusive school. In this sense, nowadays the Education Department of the Basque Autonomous Community (CAV), is promoting a series of actions pointed at reducing the different difficulties or obstacles that students may have had during the Educational Process. One of those measures is the Child Development Monitoring Protocol; which is intended to identify the warning signs, to detect difficulties and to take measures as school level. The goal of this Graduation Project is to analyze the effectivity of the mentioned protocol. As obtaining data at CAV level has been difficult, Duranguesado County´s figures have been used as the basis for this work. The results of this analysis will confirm the relevance of the right use of the protocol.","Munduko hezkuntza sistema orok haurrei kalitatezko heziketa bat emateko helburua izan behar du; honek, hezkuntza inklusiboaren bidea egiten duelarik. Eremu honetan, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko Hezkuntza Saila ekintza ugari bultzatzen ari da azken urteotan haurrek hezkuntza prozesuan izan ditzaketen oztopo edo arazo ezberdinak murrizteko asmoz eta horien artean, Haurraren Garapenaren Jarraipenerako Protokoloa dago. Protokoloak, haurrek markatzen dituzten alerta seinaleez ohartu, zailtasunak detektatu eta eskola eremutik esku hartze prozesua ekitea ditu helburu. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua protokoloaren erabilpenaren eraginkortasuna aztertzea da. EAEko datu guztiak lortu ezinean, Durangaldekoak hartu dira, bertan dauden emaitzak urkultzeko. Azterketa honen emaitzek, protokoloa modu arduratsuan erabiltzeko garrantziaz jabetzera eramango gaituzte." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73255,2025-05-07,"The aim of this research is to analyse the active participation of families in schools. This study has been carried out in the Infant Education stage, in a subsidised centre in Bizkaia, using a quantitative method with questionnaires as the research tool used. Based on a theoretical framework with different perspectives on participation, the importance of this interaction for children's development is highlighted, addressing possible difficulties in collaboration between schools and families and proposing strategies for greater family involvement in school environments.","Ikerketa honen helburua familiek ikastetxeetan duten parte-hartze aktiboa aztertzea da. Ikerketa hau Haur Hezkuntzako etapan egin da, Bizkaiko itunpeko ikastetxe batean, metodo kuantitatibo bat erabiliz, inkestak ikerketa-tresna gisa. Parte-hartzeari buruzko ikuspegi desberdinak biltzen dituen esparru teoriko batetik abiatuta, elkarrekintza horrek haurren garapenerako duen garrantzia nabarmentzen da, eskolen eta familien arteko lankidetzan egon daitezkeen zailtasunei helduz eta eskola-inguruneetan familia-inplikazio handiagoa sustatzeko estrategiak proposatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19338,2016-10-19,"The following project explains the realization of the design of an open biofilter for the biotreatment of traffic emissions. Emissions of pollutants coming from mobile sources represent an important problem in today’s society. The most important consequences of this problem arise because these pollutants could be harmful for human´s health and, furthermore, because the emissions of these pollutants have secondary effects like global warming. In order to reduce the concentration of these pollutants in zones which have high traffic density there is a variety of solutions in which biological filtration is contained. Biological filtration is a sustainable and clean way of treating polluted gas streams. Thus, the present work has consisted in the modelling and design of an open biofilter for the later manufacturing and utilization in high traffic density zones. For that purpose, beginning from the analysis of a prototype proposed by ACCIONA to the UPV/EHU, errors were found in the design which made it impossible for the device to fulfil its function. Consequently, a new design was made modelling it in Solid Edge. In order to check its validity, various calculations and static structural analysis were made to the device so that it was secure against mechanical failures. As the results from the analysis were really favourable, a new open biofilter was obtained, which just needs its automatization in order to be manufactured and used.","Hurrengo Gradu Amaierako Lana trafikoaren gas korronteen biotratamendurako bioiragazki ireki baten diseinu berria eskaintzen du. Gaur egungo arazo larrienen artean, gizakiek eragiten duten kutsadura aurkitzen da eta honek sortzen dituen ondorio garrantzitsu eta larrienen artean, pertsonen osasunarentzat kaltegarriak izan daitezkeela eta gainera, berotze globala bezalako ondorio larriak sortzen dituela. Horregatik, kutsadura murrizteko irtenbideak bilatzen dira, eta irtenbide hauen artean, bioiragazkiak eskala murriztu batean jarduteko gailu interesgarriak dira. Hauek, kutsatuta dauden gas korronteak garbitzeko kapaz dira eta gainera modu jasangarri eta garbi batean jardute. Hala, lan honen helburua, dentsitate handiko lekuetan jar daitekeen bioiragazki baten diseinua egitea da. Horretarako, ACCIONA-k UPV/EHU-ri proposatuko prototipoan eta honek bioiragazkiaren funtzioa ondo betetzeko zituen arazoetan oinarrituta, diseinu berri bat egin zen. Diseinu berri hau, Solid Edge bitarteko modelaketa medio egin zen. Horren ondoren, hainbat kalkulu eta egiturazko analisi estatiko egin ziren, gailua indarrak jasateko kapaz bazen jakiteko, emaitza benetan egokiak lortuz. Horrela, gailuaren automatizazioa besterik ez da geratzen bioiragazkia ekoizteko eta biribilgune, garaje eta tuneletan erabiltzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73391,2025-05-07,"The main aim of this dissertation is to address the growing obesity and fatphobia, as well as the lack of inclusion in the context of physical education. It aims to provide an easy-to-understand and visually appealing guide for teachers to help them promote an inclusive and healthy environment in their physical education classes. The TFG is based on a review of the literature related to obesity, inclusion in physical education and effective pedagogical strategies. In addition, an informative guide is developed that summarizes and clearly presents key strategies to promote inclusion and health in physical education classes, taking into account fatphobia. Obesity and lack of inclusion are challenges that need to be addressed, and why not, in the context of physical education. This informative guide aims to be a valuable tool for teachers, providing them with the resources and knowledge needed to create an inclusive and healthy learning environment. In doing so, it is hoped that this work will contribute to a healthier and more equitable future for students.","GRAL honen helburu nagusia obesitateari, lodifobiari zein inklusio faltari aurre egitea da, Gorputz Hezkuntzako testuinguruan. Horretarako, irakasleei zuzendutako dibulgazio-gida bat ematen da, ulerterraza eta bisualki erakargarria izango dena, Gorputz Hezkuntzako eskoletan giro inklusiboa eta osasungarria sustatzen laguntzeko. GRALa obesitatearen, lodifobiaren, Gorputz Hezkuntzaren inklusioan eta estrategia pedagogikoen berrikuspen literarioan oinarritzen da. Gainera, sortutako dibulgazio-gidan, Gorputz Hezkuntzako ikasgaian lodifobiari aurre egiteko zein inklusioa eta osasuna sustatzeko, funtsezko estrategiak edota ideiak laburbiltzen dira. Obesitatea eta inklusio eza landu beharreko gaiak dira, kasu honetan Gorputz Hezkuntzako ikasgaia baliatuz. Dibulgazio-gida honek irakasleentzako tresna baliotsua izan nahi du, ikaskuntza-ingurune inklusibo eta osasungarri bat sortzeko beharrezkoak diren baliabideak eta ezagutzak eskainiz. Azkenean, lan honekin espero da ikasleentzako etorkizun osasungarria eta bidezkoa lortzen laguntzea, hezkuntza-prozesu aberasgarriago bat sortuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29475,2018-10-31,"In the present project are defined, through the documents of Memory, Plans, Technical Specifications Document, budget and Safety and health research; the design and the required works to carry out the construction of a footbridge to cross the BI-644 road located in the municipality of Barakaldo, Bizkaia. The aim of the projected footbridge is to communicate two zones of the municipality that currently are uncommunicated. Those zones are the Aparcabisa Industrial Park and the Megapark.","Proiektu honetan, hurrengo dokumentuen bitartez: Memoria, Planoak, Preskripzioen Zehaztapena, Osasun eta Babes aurrekontu eta ikerketak, Bizkaiako Barakaldo udalerrian kokatzen den BI-644 errepidea gainetik zeharkatzeko oinezkoen pasabidea sortzeko beharrezkoak diren eraikuntza-lanen eta diseinuaren proposamena egiten da. Pasabidea oinezkoentzako isolaturik dauden Barakaldoko bi zonalde komunikatzea du xede, zonaldeak Aparcabisa industrialdea eta Megapark merkatal guneak direlarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23059,2017-09,"This research project was trayed to determine the sources that caused the episodes of ozone in 2010 in the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC). The main aim of the research project was to determine the influence of external sources of the high tropospheric ozone levels registered in the BAC. For this purpose, on the one hand, databases obtained from the stations located in the BAC and surrounding area were examined and, on the other hand, the meteorological situations of those days were analyzed. From the conclusions extracted from this first study, several hypotheses were formulated. These hypotheses were compared to the outputs of the simulations done with WRF-CAMx meteorological-chemical model. The reliability and the precision of this model were previously tested using statistical and graphical methods. The formulated hypothesis were corroborated, after this study it can be stated that the ozone episodes registered during the warm season of 2010 were produced mainly by the transport of ozone originated in external sources: France, Continental Europe and Western Mediterranean Basin. Furthermore, the research brings really useful information about the behavior and evolution of tropospheric ozone in the BAC. This information could help to face the real problem that represents the high levels of tropospheric ozone in this region.","Ikerketa-lan honetan 2010. urtean Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan (EAE) gertatu ziren ozono-gertaeren iturriak aztertu dira. Azterketa honen helburu nagusia kanpo-iturriek EAEn neurtzen diren ozono-mailetan duten eragina zehaztea da. Horretarako, EAEn eta EAE inguruan kokatutako behatokien datuez baliatuz eta egoera meteorologikoa aztertuz, ozono-iturrien inguruko hipotesiak formulatu dira. Hipotesiak baieztatzeko, WRF-CAMx eredu meteorologiko-kimikoaren irteera-datuak erabili dira. Eredu-sistema horren simulazioen doitasuna eta fidagarritasuna aurretik aztertu dira metodo grafikoak eta estatistikoak aplikatuz. Hipotesiak formulatu eta berretsi dira. Horren ondorioz esan daiteke ikerketa-lan honekin baieztatu daitekeela 2010. urteko uda partean izandako ozono-gertaeren iturriak, kanpo-iturriak izan zirela gehienbat: Frantzia, Europa Kontinentala eta Mediterraneo itsasoaren arroaren mendebaldean hain zuzen ere. Horrez gain, gaur egun errealitate bat den ozono troposferikoaren inguruko kutsadura arazoari aurrea hartzeko informazio baliagarria eskaintzen du Erkidego honen arduradunentzat." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29233,2018-10-23,"In this document, a theoretical study of the isolation of mechanical vibrations is carried out. The system to be used is the modeling of a car, and the vertical movements of the vehicle while driving on the road will be analysed. In the model, three main planes can be distinguished: the lower plane represents the road, and it will be an exciter table, in order to move the system by external forces; the middle and upper planes will have one mass each, the one in the centre represents the mass of the wheels, and the upper one the chassis. The three planes will be joined by springs and the absorber (formed by a mass and a spring), which will be used to isolate vibrations, will be attached to the upper mass. Using the theory of vibrations for systems with more than one degree of freedom, forced and undamped vibrations, the vibration modes and natural frequencies of the system will be calculated. In addition, the responses of the system, which depend on the external forces that will represent the irregularities of the road, will be calculated. To design the absorber, same concepts on theory of vibrations will be used. To carry out all the work, apart from what has been learnt in the Theory of Mechanisms and Mechanic Vibrations subject, programs such as Mathematica, Excel or Octave will be used, as they will be helpful to make the calculations.","Dokumentu honetan, bibrazio mekanikoen isolamenduen inguruko ikasketa teorikoa egingo da. Horretarako erabiliko den sistema, kotxe baten ereduketa izango da, eta aztertuko dena, ibilgailuak errepidetik ibiltzean jasandako mugimendu bertikalak izango dira. Modeloan hiru plano nagusi bereiztuko dira: beheko planoak errepidea irudikatuko du eta mahai kitzikatzailea izango du, kanpo indarra sartzeko; erdiko eta goiko planoetan bi masa jarriko dira, erdikoak gurpilen masa irudikatuko du eta goikoak txasisarena. Hiru planoak malguki bidez lotuko dira eta bibrazioen isolamendua egiteko erabiliko den absortsorea (masa eta malguki batez osatuta), goiko planoko masari lotuko zaio. Askatasun gradu (AG) anitzetako bibrazio behartu ez motelduen teoria erabiliz, sistemaren bibrazio moduak eta maiztasun naturalak kalkulatuko dira. Gainera, sistemaren erantzunak kalkulatuko dira, errepidea irudikatzen duen kanpo indarren sarreraren menpe. Absortsorearen diseinua egiteko, bibrazioei buruzko teoria bera erabiliko da. Lan guztia aurrera eramateko, Mekanismoen Teoria eta Bibrazio Mekanikoak (MTBM) irakasgaian ikasitakoaz gain, kalkuluak erraztuko dituzten programak erabiliko dira, Mathematica, Excel edo Octave, esaterako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17622,2016-03-15,"The main aim of this research is to analyse the meaning of the Good Living and understand its approach as an alternative to the current model of growth. Solidarity and collective thought aimed at social change have been explored in this research. This exploration has been accomplished by carrying out a complex analysis of the principles and theories of this approach. Based on this analysis five key principles to take into consideration in a social intervention are proposed, all of which are inspired by the Sumak Kawsay. Guidelines are offered in order to build connections between the Good Living and Social Education. By doing this, collective action is provided a holistic approach based on the understanding of the Common Good.","Bizitza Onaren ikuspuntua eta haren esanahia azaldu nahi ditu ikerketa honek, egungo garapen ereduaren alternatiba gisa. Aldaketa sozialera bideratutako ekintzetan elkartasuna eta pentsamendu kolektiboa txertatu nahi ditu azterketak. Ikuspuntu horren oinarrian dauden printzipio eta teorien analisi sakona egiten du horretarako, eta esku hartze sozialean kontuan hartu beharreko bost klabe proposatzen ditu; guztiak Sumak Kawsay paradigman oinarritutakoak. Azkenik, Bizitza Onaren eta Gizarte Hezkuntzaren arteko zubiak eraikitzeko jarraibideak aurkezten ditu ikerketak, komunitate-ekintzari Guztien Ona oinarri duen ikuspegi holistiko bat eskaintzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27342,1998,"The resistance on the part of the penitentiary institution towards the changes that restore the freedom and the responsability to imprisoned, as well as the wasting of penal population, are the main obstacles for the respect of the human rights in the administration of the prisons world. After presenting the Canadian federal correctional system, this author explays the situation and the tensions that the application of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom produces. He analyses the role of the correctional “ombudsman” by the light of the serious conflicts that took place in some prisons of that country.","Gartzela munduko jardunean, trabarik garrantzitsuenak giza eskubideen begirunerako, askatasuna eta askatasun gabekoen ardura berritzen dituzten aldaketei buruz, Baitegi Erakundeek jartzen duten erresistentzia, eta poblazio penalean dagoen aprobetxamendu falta dira. Kanadako zentzagarri sistema federala aurkeztu ondoren, Giza Eskubideen Karta Kanadienseak eragiten dituen tentsioak aztertzen dira eta “ombudsman”-ek gartzela batzuetan erakarri zituen arazo guztiak azaltzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17636,2016-03-16,"Sustainable development is today a topic of interest in the society, because the future of the planet depends on the human being, since its activity is the one that is seriously deteriorating the environment and depleting natural resources to satisfy your needs. Due to that, it is necessary to promote education for sustainable development in the school as a means to convey values of respect and care for the environment, natural resources, biodiversity and people. This paper proposes to achieve that goal through the development and implementation of a game for children.","Gaur egun, iraunkortasunerako garapena interes sozialeko gaia da gizartean, izan ere, gizakien eskuetan dago planetaren etorkizuna, bere jarduera era bortitzean ingurumena hondatzen eta baliabide naturalak agortzen ari dituelako. Horren ondorioz, beharrezkoa da iraunkortasunerako hezkuntza eskolan zabaltzea, errespetuzko eta zaintzazko baloreak sustatzeko ingurumenarekiko, baliabide naturalekiko, bioaniztasunarekiko eta pertsonekiko. Lan honek helburu du horixe egitea hain zuzen, umeentzako jolas bat sortuz eta aplikatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20076,2017-01-05,"Preliminary study for achieving improvements in the gaps of several industrial communication protocols, allowing the development of an integrated suite in the reference device, the Raspberry Pi, which would mean a quantitative improvement in accessibility of the device. Currently, these protocols are not designed for this type of devices, so the suite would allow them to operate in a stable manner. Therefore, it seeks to develop in the future a suite of tools for working in environments under industrial protocols via embedded devices like the Raspberry Pi, in the framework of the Industry 4.0, which would help the implementation of the various protocols in an industry through a device which has such a low cost. Also, the gaps and problems which the toolkit will resolve are described.","Komunikazio protokolo industrialen gabeziak konpondu eta hobetzeko egindako ikerketa lana, Raspberry Pi izeneko gailuan lan egingo duen erreminta suite bat garatzeko helburu nagusiarekin, honen irisgarritasuna hobetuko duelarik. Gaur egun, protokolo hauek ez daude gailu hauetan lan egiteko diseinatuak, ondorioz garatu nahi den suite-ak era egonkor batean funtzionarazi nahi ditu. Etorkizunean, Industria 4.0-ren ingurunean egongo den erreminta multzo baten garapena proposatzen da, gailu integratuetan funtzionatuko duten protokolo industrialen inguruan dauden lanetarako. Software honi esker, hain prezio baxua duten gailu batean, protokolo desberdinen inplementazioa ahalbidetuko luke. Halaber, suite-ak irtenbide emango dien arazoak eta gabeziak deskribatu eta azalduko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53732,2021-06-18,"Documentoscopy is a relatively new discipline that focuses on the study of the document, both in its content and its container. This paper attempts to describe this discipline from different perspectives. On the one hand, it offers an overview of the science in which this discipline is framed, Criminalistics. On the other hand, it analyses the regulations of the Criminal Code on the offences of documentary forgery and the role of the scientific and judicial police in criminal investigation. In addition, an overview of the bases, techniques and methods used in Documentoscopy for the analysis of documents will be offered, using as an example the practical case of an expert report (focused on the falsity of a passport) carried out in the Practicum of the degree. Finally, a reflection on the current situation and the vision of the future of this discipline will be carried out.","Dokumentoskopia nahiko diziplina berria da dokumentuaren azterketan oinarritzen dena, bai edukian, bai edukitzailean. Lan honek diziplina hori hainbat ikuspegitatik deskribatzeko herlburua du. Alde batetik, Kriminalistikaren ikuspegi orokor bat eskaintzen da, Dokumentoskopia zientzia horretan kokatza bait da. Bestalde, dokumentu faltsukeriaren delituei buruzko Zigor Kodearen erregulazioa aztertzen da, bai eta polizia zientifikoak eta judizialak ikerketa kriminalean duten eginkizuna ere. Gainera, dokumentuak aztertzeko Dokumentoskopian erabilitako oinarri, teknika eta metodoen ikuspegi orokorra eskainiko da. Horretarako, adibide gisa, graduaren practikumean egindako aditu-txosten baten kasu praktikoa erabiliko da (pasaporte faltsu batean oinarritua). Azkenik, diziplina horren egungo egoerari eta etorkizuneko ikuspegiari buruzko hausnarketa egiten da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21001,2017-03-20,"The following End of Grade Project presents the energy efficiency study of the apartment where I live in the Abando neighborhood of Bilbao, focusing on the possible advances to improve its sustainability. The first efficiency study of the current situation of the apartment resulted on a G grade, the worst possible. Consequently, possible improvements have been simulated (from the necessary ones to the least likely to implement) in order to reach the highest possible rating, where both feasibility and amortization period have been evaluated.","Graduko Azken Lan honek, Bilboko Abando auzoan kokatutako bizi naizen etxebizitzaren azterketa aurkeztu egiten du. Horretarako, energia-eraginkortasunean oinarritzen da. Etxebizitzaren hasierako azterketa batean (non emaitzak G bat izan duen, txarrena sailkapen honetan), egoera hobetzeko simulazio batzuk egin dira, beharrezkoetatik probabilitate gutxiagoetatik pasata edo ezinezkoak ezartzera arte, kalifikazio hoberena lortu arte. Ondorioz, bideragarritasun azteketa eta amortizazio epea ere aztertu eta aurkeztu egin dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72629,2025-02-11,"This Final Degree Project (FDG) is part of the EHUkhi project, which is a platform for the development of the photovoltaic potential of the UPV/EHU. This FDG shows a profitability analysis of a photovoltaic installation of more than 100 kW of installed power located on the roofs of the School of Engineering of Bilbao (SEB). The study is divided into three main phases. The first phase consists of a detailed analysis of the Spanish electricity market and the current law on photovoltaic installations, specifically RD244/2019. In the second phase, a detailed technical study is carried out for a photovoltaic installation with an installed power of more than 100 kW. The third phase consists on the economic analysis of the 3 proposed photovoltaic installations available for the SEB, comparing their impact on the electricity bill and the investment required to implement them","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) hau EHUkhi proiektuaren barruan kokatzen da, UPV/EHU-ren potentzial fotoboltaikoa garatzeko plataforma bat. GRAL honetan Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako (EIB) estalkietan kokatutako 100 kW-tik gorako potentzia instalatua duen instalazio fotoboltaiko baten errentagarritasunaren analisia aurkezten da. Ikerketa hau hiru fase nagusitan banatzen da. Lehen fasean, Espainiako merkatu elektrikoaren eta instalazio fotoboltaikoei buruzko legeria indardunaren (RD 244/2019) analisi zehatza egiten da. Bigarren fasean, 100 kW-tik gorako potentzia duen instalazio fotovoltaiko baten azterketa tekniko zehatza burutzen da. Hirugarren eta azken fasean, EIB-rako eskuragarri dauden hiru instalazio fotovoltaiko proposamenen analisi ekonomikoa egiten da, haien eragina faktura elektrikoan eta haiek hartzeko behar den inbertsioa alderatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19569,2016-11-21,"Nowadays, the rate of progress of the technological innovations is very high. However, the non-technological innovations are less extended, even though they are the purpose and with whom corporations make innovations, performing an analysis of the information from the Technological Innovation Panel (PITEC). an important part of organizations’ success. The non-technological innovations, unlike technological ones, do not necessarily involve a change or adoption of a new technology, but they can be supported by the use of innovative business methods, new organisational concepts or other immaterial ways of changing entrepreneurial activities. That is why diverse non-technological innovation variables will be analysed to evaluate which is the impact of each of them in the proper functioning of companies. The aim of this research is based on studying the relation between the innovative activity and the percentage of women in the enterprises, the annual turnover, the size of the company,","Gaur egun, berrikuntza teknologikoen garapena gero eta azkarragoa da. Hala ere, teknologikoak ez diren berrikuntzen hedapena ez da hain handia, hein handi batean erakundeen arrakastaren jatorria izan daitezkeen arren. Berrikuntza ez teknologikoek, teknologikoak ez bezala, berez ez daramate aldaketa teknologiko edo teknologi berri baten hartzea haiekin. Horiek, negozio eredu berriztagarrietan, erakunde kontzeptu berri edo beste enpresa jarduera ez materialetan oinarritzen dira. Hau dela eta, berrikuntza ez teknologikoen aldagai ezberdinak aztertuko dira, hauen eragina berrikuntza ez-teknologikoan aztertzeko. Lan honen helburua jarduera berriztatzaileek ondoko faktoreekin daukaten erlazio aztertzea izango da - enpresetan dauden emakume kopurua, negozio zifra, erakundeen tamaina, berrikuntza ezteknologikoen helburuen garrantzia eta norekin eramaten diren aurrera berrikuntza hauek -.Horretarako, Berrikuntza Teknologikoaren Panelean (PITEC)oinarrituz analisi estatistiko bat garatuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29404,2018-10-30,"In the present project will justify, size and design the HVAC control system of the DWTS of Venta Alta of the Bilbao Water Consortium located in Arrigorriaga (Bizkaia). The installation will comply with the requirements of the current regulations. A generation system will be used that will allow the capture of thermal energy or dissipation of it in a constant temperature source constituted by a fraction of the flow of purified water. In this way, the total thermal demands of the building will be covered, significantly reducing the energy costs of operation, compared to a conventional generation system. This will also result in an attractive economic and environmental situ ation.","Arrigorriagan (Bizkaia) dagoen Bilbao Bizkaia Ur Partzuergoaren Venta Altaren Edateko Uren Tratamendutegiko Kontrol Eraikinaren klimatizazio s istema frogatu, neurritu eta diseinatuko da proiektu honetan. Instalazio honek gaur egungo araudia beteko du. Sorkuntza sistema bat erabiliko da energía termikoa temperatura konstantea duen foku batean jasotzeko edo disipatzeko. Foku horrek ur araztuaren emariaren frakzio batez konposatuta egongo da. Horrela, eraik inaren eskaera termiko guztiak beteko dira eta lanen gastu energetikoak murriztuko dira sorketa sistema konben tzional batekin konparatuz gero. Gainera, instalazio erakargarri batean bihurtuko da ekonomikoki eta ingurumenari begira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17688,2016-03-16,"Nowadays, according to different authors, there are difficulties to develop scientific competence in primary education. To improve this situation, we must give students the opportunity to immerse themselves in the scientific culture and the opportunity to develop the ability to argue. In this speech, it is working argumentative competence, by socio-scientific debates, using as topic the relationship between the efficacy and side effects of medicines. During the intervention, it has been observed that students still being young children, when they are given the opportunity, they are capable to give justified arguments, thereby paving the way towards achieving scientific competence. At the same time, they have realized the relationship between efficacy and side effects of medicines","Gaur egun, aditu desberdinek diotenez, Lehen Hezkuntzan konpetentzia zientifikoa garatzeko zailtasunak daude . Egoera hobetzeko, kultura zientifikoan murgiltzeko aukera, eta argumentazio gaitasuna garatzeko aukera eskaini behar zaie ikasleei. Esku-hartze honetan, eztabaida soziozientifikoen bidez, argumentazio gaitasuna lantzen da, sendagaien eraginkortasuna eta efektu sekundarioen arteko harremana eztabaidagai izanik. Esku-hartzea burutzean, ikusi ahal izan da adin txikiko ikasleak, aukera eskaintzen zaienean, argumentu justifikatuak emateko gai izan direla konpetentzia zientifikoa lortzeko bidea eraikiz. Aldi berean, sendagaien eraginkortasunaren eta efektu sekundarioen arteko harremanaz ohartu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54047,2021-11-23,"Abstract With the exponential rise in the needs of both users and companies to increase the communication speed of their systems, developers have been forced to use more and more FPGAs. However, FPGAs turn out to be a very expensive and powerful element that, on many occasions, is not used to its full potential, so, in order to achieve economic savings (and since they allow it), FPGAs have begun to be virtualized. The virtualization is a well known technology, commonly used in both desktop computers and servers, whitch is now being transferred to ARM architectures making it possible to install hypervisors in FPGAs. In this paper, a study of the various hypervisors currently available on the market will be carried out, followed by the implementation of an XNG hypervisor on a ZYBO and an evaluation of its network communication speeds. The first part, contained in chapters 5 to 8, shows the state of the art mainly focused on virtualizers, including a classification of them, together with a description of the different hypervisors and their corresponding clas- sification. The second part, comprising chapters 9 to 10, contains a brief description of some of the hypervisors that can be used on ARM architectures. The third and last part of this work is found in chapter 11 and describes, firstly, how to install Linux on a ZYBO development board and, secondly, how to install the XNG hypervisor and a Linux partition on the same ZYBO board. This section also presents the measurements of the communication speeds for each of the assumptions and compares the results obtained.","Laburpena Erabiltzaileek eta enpresek beren sistemen komunikazio-abiadura han- ditzeko dituzten beharrak esponentzialki handitu direnez, garatzaileek gero eta FPGA gehiago erabili behar izan dituzte. Hala ere, FPGAk oso elementu garesti eta indartsuak dira, eta, askotan, ez zaie %100 baliagarritasuna ateratzen; beraz, aurrezki ekonomikoa lortzeko helburuarekin (eta FPGA-ek ahalbidetzen dutenez), FPGAk birtualizatzen hasi dira. Birtualizazioa teknologia nahiko ezaguna da, mahaigaineko orde- nagailuetan zein zerbitzarietan erabili ohi izan dena, eta egun teknologia hau ARM arkitekturetara eramaten hasi da, FPGAn hiperbisoreak instalatzeko aukera emanez. Lan honetan, gaur egun merkatuan dauden hiperbisoreei buruzko ikerketa bat aurkeztuko da, eta, jarraian, ZYBO baten gainean XNG hiperbisore bat martxan jarriko da sareko komunikazioetako abiaduren ebaluazioa egiteko. Lehenengo atala, 5. kapitulutik 8.era , birtualizatzaileetan zentratutako artearen egoera bat da, hauen sailkapen batekin batera, eta hiperbisore ez- berdinen deskribapenak ere jasotzen ditu, dagokien sailkapenarekin. Bigarren atalean, 9. eta 10. kapituluetan, ARM arkitekturetan erabil dai- tezkeen hiperbisoreetako batzuen deskribapen laburra jasotzen da. Bukatzeko, lan honen hirugarren eta azken atala 11. kapituluan dago, eta, lehenik, Linux ZYBO garapen-txartel batean nola instalatzen den deskri- batzen du, eta, bigarrenik, XNG hiperbisorea eta Linux partizio bat ZYBO plaka berean nola instalatu azaltzen du. Atal honetan, kasu bakoitzerako komunikazio-abiaduren neurketak ere aurkezten dira, eta lortutako emaitzak alderatzen dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36853,2019-12-12,"Abstract Mobile applications are a source of vulnerability for hackers. Number of attacks performed through them are increasing. That is why It is really important to identify the applications which are mainly used to perform cyber-attacks. This app identification made the user avoid installing those apps on your mobile device. In order to be able to sort an app on malware or benignware, a classifier system will be set up using Machine Learning different methods. Shallow learning Techniques based on classifier algorithms and Deep Learning methods are going to be used so as to create the systems. Three of all of the systems created using shallow learning technics will be chosen: the one which holds the highest accuracy, other which holds the best precision and finally, that which holds the highest recall. In the end, depending on each metric, it will be decided whether to choose between the system trained by Deep Learning and the previously chosen one trained by Shallow Learning. Thereby, three tools capable of detecting malicious apps with different approaches will be available to users.","Laburpena Aplikazio mugikorrak ahultasun jatorri bat dira hackerrentzat. Haien zehar egiten diren erasoak gero eta gehiago dira. Horregatik, oso garrantzitsua da erasoak egiteko erabiltzen diren aplikazioak ezagutzea. Hori jakitearekin, erabiltzaileak aplikazio horiek bere mugikorr gailuan ez instalatzea lortzen da. Aplikazio mugikor bat malware edo benignware sailkatu ahal izateko, hiru sistema sailkatzaile sortuko dira Machine Learning-eko teknika ezberdinak erabiliz. Sistemak sortzeko algoritmo sailkatzaileetan oinarritutako ohiko teknikak eta Deep Learning erabiliko dira. Ohiko teknikekin sortutako sistema guztietatik, hiru aukeratuko dira: doitasun garaiena duen sistema, sistema zehatzena eta sentikortasun handiena daukana. Azkenik, hiru metrika bakoitzerako, erabakiko da zein sistema aukeratu, sakon entrenamenduarekin sortutako sistema edo lehen aukeratu den ohikoz entrenatutakoa. Honela, aplikazio kaltegarriak sailkatzeko gai diren hiru tresna erabili ahal izango dira hiru ikuspegi ezberdinekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/2688,2011-05-31T12:42:43Z,"In this paper we analyze how Basques and Basques' descendants in Latin America use the Basque Channel. Basque Channel is broadcast by Basque Television towards the continent through satellite. After an introduction about satellite television we proceed to contextualize the Basque diaspora in Latinamerica, and then we offer a qualitative analysis based on 66 interviews. The main objective of the analysis goes beyond the knowledge of the Basque diaspora, trying to contribute to the research about the uses of the media from the regions of origin among diasporas and migrants all over the world.","Lan honetan Latinoamerikan diren euskaldunen eta euskaldunen ondorengoek beren euskal nortasuna eraikitzeko Canal Vasco nola erabiltzen duten aztertzen da. Canal Vasco, satelite bidez kontinente hartara hedatzen den Euskal Telebistaren emanaldia da. Satelite bidezko telebistari buruzko sarrera baten ostean, Latinoamerikako euskal diasporaren testuingurua lantzen da, geroago 66 pertsonari egindako elkarrizketa sakonetan oinarritutako analisi koalitatiboa egiteko. Helburu nagusia euskal diasporaren ezagutzatik haratago doa, eta oro har munduan diren diasporek eta migrariek jatorrizko herrialdeetako medioak nola erabiltzen dituzten azterzeko bideak ireki nahi ditu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29394,2018-10-30,"Currently, the IoT (Internet of Things) concept is one of the technologies that is gaining most strength, since it makes possible the connection to the Internet of any everyday object. Despite being such a broad subject, the project that will be developed in this Final Degree Project (FDP), will be based on an observatory that is solely dedicated to the processing of meteorological data. Being more specific, the objective of this project will be the design of the PCBs of an already developed prototype of a meteorological observatory connected to the cloud. Where the goal of this objective will be to provide the prototype with an adequate structure to enable its use in a research project. In addition, from the point of view of the supply, being a fully autonomous observatory, a module will be implemented to facilitate the monitoring of the battery charge, as well as the consumption of the complete system. This way, in addition to knowing the battery level, the process of loading or unloading can be known.","Gaur egun, IoT (Gauzen Internet-a) kontzeptuak geroz eta indar handiagoa hartzen hari den teknologia bat da, non, eguneroko objektuak Internet-era konektatzea ahalbidetzen duen. Gai hau hain zabala izan arren, Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan garatuko den proiektua, datu meteorologikoen prozesaketan jarduten duen behatoki batean oinarrituko da. Zehatzagoak izanda, proiektu honen helburua, aurretik garatutako hodeira konektatutako eguraldi behatoki baten prototipoaren PCB-en diseinuak egitea izango da. Non, helburu hauen betetzearen helmuga, prototipoari ikerkuntza proiektu batean erabili ahal izateko egitura egokia bat ematea izango den, beti hasieratik ezarritako hardware askearen kontzeptua errespetatuz. Gainera, elikaduraren aldetik, guztiz autonomoa den behatoki bat izatean, bateriaren kargaren eta sistema osoaren kontsumoaren monitorizazioa ahalbidetuko duen modulu bat inplementatuko da. Honela, bateriaren maila ezagutzeaz gain, deskarga edo karga prozesuan dagoen jakinaraziz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70460,2024-09-18,"EN After a description of the Basque publishing field, which includes publishing in Basque Language, we will describe the participation and the representation of Basque agents at the Frankfurt Book Fair 2022. We will describe, as well, how the agents are grouped and presented by different geographical and linguistic associations and that some of them are dually involved. We will also pay attention to the existence of initiatives created as a counterpoint to the pluricultural and plurilinguistic perspective offered by part of the official programme.","EU Euskarazko argitalpenak ere biltzen dituen euskal edizioaren eremuaren deskribapena egin ondoren, Frankfurteko 2022ko Liburu Azokan euskal eragileek izanda­ko parte-hartzea eta ordezkaritza deskribatuko dugu. Ikusiko dugunez, askotariko eragile­tan taldekatzen dira euskal argitaletxeak, irizpide geografiko eta linguistikoen arabera. Hala, zenbait eragileren inplikazio bikoitzak azaleratuko ditugu. Halaber, 2022ko Frank­furteko Liburu Azokaren programazio ofizialak eskainitako kultura- eta hizkuntza-ikus­pegi anitzaren kontrapuntu gisa sortutako ekimenen berri ere emango dugu." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16238,2015-11-27,"High impedance protection system is a simple technique which requires that all CTs, used in the protection scheme, have relatively high knee point voltage, similar magnetizing characteristic and the same ratio. These CT shall be installed in all ends of the protected object. In order to make a scheme all CTs belonging to one phase shall be connected in parallel. From the CT junction points a measuring branch is connected.","Inpedantzia altuko babes sistema teknika sinplea da non korronte transformadoreak behar dituen babes eskema osatzeko. Korronte transformadore hauek ukondoko tentsio altua, magnetizazio ezaugarri antzekoak eta transformazio erlazio berdina izan behar dute. KT guztiak babestutako objektuaren amaieran jarri behar dira. Fase bakoitzari dagozkion KT guztiak paraleloan konektatu behar dira eta KT guztien juntura puntuan neurri adarra jarri behar da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50968,2021-04-15,"The final thesis is based on the research of the different emotions that school sports can cause and the development of the emotional competence that working in groups could have. In this investigation 13 teachers and 269 kids have taken part. For this I have passed a questionnaire to the educators of school sport and they have given this to the groups so they could answer them. Besides the development, I have investigated which are the emotions that they make public according to the type of the game they are playing. Taking the datum into account, we can see that in the teams that the emotinal competences are less developed the negative emotions are high. Also, in the games that is less confrontation are the highest negative emotions.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek eskola kiroleko saioetan agertzen diren emozioen eta taldeen konpetentzia emozionalaren garapenaren azterketak batzen ditu ikerketa batean, baita joko motaren arabera zein emozio plazaratzen dituzten ere. Ikerketa honetan eskola kiroleko lan taldea osatzen duten 13 hezitzailek hartu dute parte. Horretarako, eskola kiroleko hezitzaileei galdetegi bat pasa zaie taldeen inguruko galderak erantzuteko eta gero nik datu horiek ikertzeko. Datuak bilduta argi ikusten da konpetentzia emozionalaren garapen baxua duten taldeek saioetan emozio negatibo gehiago plazaratzen dituztela. Bestetik, gutxieneko aurkaritza bat dagoen jokoetan ageri dira emozio negatibo gehien." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37117,2019-12-19,"Abstract: this work has been done through the business practices offered by the School of Engineering of Bilbao in ""Inser Robótica"". This company is located in the field of industrial automation, which has been chosen for the benefit of a student in Industrial Electronics and Automation. This work has been carried out in the department that programs and assembles the cells, specifically in the start-up department. The objective of the work has been to carry out the electrical and mechanical design of a baler machine of a ""Bimbo"" bread palletizing cell, mostly of its control. With respect to control, this has been the focus of the development of PLC programming and the worker interface (HMI). Instead of performing an ad-hoc control for this machine, the program and screen have been standardized for any type of baler machine with which the company works, simple baler, with tamper and with cover. In this way, the integration of these baling machines will be easier, from one type of machine to another we should only modify some parameters so that the company can adapt to the needs of the different cells of the customers. Finally, taking into account that these baling machines are from China, we must emphasize that all the documentation is written in Chinese, the translation work to understand what the machine has previously programmed is also necessary.","Laburpena: lan hau Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolak eskaintzen dituen enpresatako praktiken bitartez egin da “Inser Robótica” enpresan. Enpresa hau automatismo industrialen arloan kokatuta dagoen einean, Industria Elektronikaren eta Automatika Ingeniaritza Gradua egiten ari den ikasle batentzako egokiak direlarik aukeratuak izan dira. Lan hau enpresan zelulak programatu eta montatzen diren sailean burutu da. Lanaren helburuak “Bimbo” ogia paletizatzeko zelula bateko enfardatzeko makinaren diseinu elektriko eta mekanikoa burutzea eta, nagusiki, bere kontrola egitea izan dira. Kontrolari dagokionez, honek PLC-aren programazioan eta langilearen interfazearen (HMI) garapena izan ditu ardatz bezela. Kontrola makina honentzako ad-hoc burutu beharrean, sinplea, pisoiduna eta koberra dituen edozein makinarentzako programa eta pantaila estandarizatu egin dira. Horrela, enfardatzeko makinak erabiltzen dituzten zelula guztietan makina hauek integratzea errazagoa izango da, parametro gutxi batzuk aldaturik enpresak zelularen ezberdinen beharrizanetara egokitzeko aukera izango duelarik. Azkenik, enfardatzeko makina hauek Txinatik ekartzen direla kontuan izanda, dokumentazio guztia txinatarrez idatzita dagoela nabarmendu beharra dago, makinak aurretik programatuta dakarrena ulertzeko itzulpen lanak ere egin behar izan dira lan honetan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25908,2018-03-22,"This research work tries to reflect the attitude towards the motor disability Primary Education students´ have. We will take into account the influence of having a classmate with a motor disability and its grade. For that, it has investigated both the inclusion situation students with special educational needs (SEN) have and what the curriculum states regarding to motor disability students in Physical Education field. For the study, Children's Attitudes Toward Integrated Physical Education-Revised (CAIPER) questionnaire has handed to children from different groups and same school year in two schools. The results obtained show the reality of students with SEN and his/her classmates, revealing a real situation the society tries to hide.","Ikerlan honen bidez Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen jarrerak urritasun fisikoarekiko aztertu nahi dira. Kontuan izango da urritasun fisikoa duen ikaskidea izatearen edo ez izatearen eta urritasun motaren eragina. Horretarako, hezkuntza premia bereziak (HPB) dituzten ikasleen inklusioaren egoera eta curriculumak, Gorputz Hezkuntzako alorrean, urritasunak dituzten ikasleen inguruan zehazten duena aztertu da. Ikerketarako, Children's Attitudes Toward Integrated Physical Education-Revised (CAIPE-R) galdetegia pasatu zaie bi eskolatako maila bereko eta gela desberdinetako ikasleei. Lortutako emaitzek HPB ikasleen eta horien ikaskideen errealitatea aurkezten dute, nabarmenduz gizarteak estali nahi duen benetako egoera." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31752,2019-02-28,"The main purpose of this essay was to analyse the principles of social education ( of its deontological code) to show its involvement in the categorization of people in situation of exclusion. From some articles written by Michael Foucault and, specially, from the essay ""Stigma"" by Erving Goffman, I made an investigation in a day´s centre in order to know the strategies that each user develops to establish a relationship with the conferred category and with a space and a profession which is looking for his or her normalization as a way of reaching their social integration.I tried to demonstrate that those are tension relationships. My main interest was the dialogue between the user and the discourse which shapes him or her.","Lan hau gizarte hezkuntzaren kode deontologikoaren printzipioak aztertu nahi zituen, bazterketa egoeran dauden pertsonen kategorizazioan duten parte-hartzea erakusteko. Michel Foucault eta Erving Goffman-en lanak erabili nituen eguneroko zentro batean ikerketa bat garatzeko: erabiltzaile bakoitzak bere kategoriarekin eta bere normalizazioa bilatzen duen espazio eta profesioarekin harremantzeko erabiltzen zituen estrategiak behatzeko. Harreman horietan tentsioa dela nagusi erakutsi nahi nuen. Erabiltzailea eta berataz hitz egiten duen diskurtsoaren arteko elkarrizketa da benetan interesatzen zitzaidana." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25491,1997,"The tradictional impunity in front of the violation of the human rights and the crimes in El Salvador developes a wish of justice as rooted as the compassion to the victims; it’s necessary to formulate a legal pardon solution to obtein the reconciliation of this society. The salvadoran experience shows that, -to conquer the reconciliation of a society divided by the war- the truth, the justice and the pardon must rule any intent of legislation that tries to put an end to the hateful generated by the civil conflict.","El Salvadorren, giza eskubideen biolazioak eta krimenak beti ere zigorrik gabe geratzeak justizia nahi handia sorrarazi zuen, biktimenganako errukia bezain handia, eta horregatik lege-barkamenerako formularen bat behar da, gizarte gogor kolpatu hura berradiskidetuko bada. El Salvadorko experientziak erakutsi digunez, gerrak zatitutako gizarteko kideak berriz adiskidetuko badira, gatazka zibilak sortutako gorrotoak ezabatuko dituen lege-ahaleginak egia, justizia eta barkamena izan beharko ditu ardatz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14405,2015-02-13,"Nowadays the amount of people who die due to a cardiac arrest is higher than those who die due to traffic injuries or fire, which appear more frequently on the media, however its repercussion is lower. This fact must be matter of concern, because with a correct training of the population on cardiac resuscitation topic a lot of these deaths could be avoided. With the objective of reducing this stats many studies and investigation projects have been developed which try to improve the available tools for both health staff and non-health staff. The project presented in this document fall within this framework, which consists in the sensorization of a training mannequin for cardiac arrest episodes and will offer the chance to analyse the artefact or interference generated by the rescuer over the patient at the time of executing resuscitation manoeuvre, as well as the interference caused by the electrode-skin contact. At the same time it will be able to be used just as a training tool for hypothetical real situations. The reason of the utilization of this kind of mannequins lies principally on the impossibility of the using of people due to the possible thoracic injuries that can occur at the time of doing compressions. Finally must be said that is not indispensable owning medical knowledge to be able to apply basic techniques of cardiac resuscitation, an action which can increase the possibilities of surveillance on an exceptional way, in that each minute passed since the cardiac arrest, the probability of surveillance decreases in a meaningful high percentage. On the basis of the described up to now, this document explains in detail the technical solution of the sensorization of a generic mannequin for the acquisition of the signals of compression force, acceleration suffered by the chest on three orthogonal axis, compression depth, impedance between the two electrodes located over the patient chest and electrocardiographic signal emitted by the hearth; in addition, it includes the possibility of injecting a previously recorded electrocardiographic signal. The register database obtained on this tests will be able to use afterwards for its analysis, as its similarity with acquired signals in real cases is maximum.","Gaur egun bihotz-biriketako geldialdia eraginez gertatutako heriotzak mediatikoagoak diren beste batzuk baino gehiago dira, hala nola suteen edota trafiko istripuen eraginez gertatutakoak, eta hala ere bere oihartzuna askoz txikiagoa da. Jazoera hau larritzeko arrazoia izan behar da, izan ere bihotz-biriketako berpiztearen inguruko populazioaren hezkuntza zuzen batekin, heriotza hauetako asko ekidin ahal izango ziren. Estatistika hauek murrizteko helburuarekin azterketa eta ikerketa proiektu asko sortu dira, bai osasun zerbitzuetako langileentzat, bai eta ez direnentzat eskuragarri dauden erremintak hobetzean oinarria dutenak. Esparru honetan kokatzen da dokumentu honetan aurkeztutako proiektua, bihotz-biriketako geldialdia gertaeretarako balio duen entrenamenduko maniki baten sentsorizazioa, zeinek berpizteko maniobra egiterako orduan erreskatadoreak gaixoaren gainean sortutako interferentzia edo artifact-a zehaztasunarekin aztertzeko aukera eskainiko duena, bai eta elektrodo-azal kontaktuak sortutako interferentzia ere. Era berean erabilgarria izango da entrenamenduetarako tresna gisa, egoera erreal hipotetikoetarako. Mota honetako manikien erabilera egiten da nagusiki pertsonak erabiltzea ezinezkoa delako, izan ere konpresioak egiterako orduan bular lesioak ager daitezke. Azkenik aipatu beharra dago ez dela nahitaezkoa osasun ezagutzak izatea bihotz-biriketako berpizteko oinarrizko teknikak erabili ahal izateko, gaixoaren biziraupen probabilitateak era aparta batean handitzen dituen ekintza, bihotz-biriketako geldialditik pasatzen den minutu bakoitzeko biziraupen probabilitatea ehuneko adierazgarri batean murrizten baita. Orain arte deskribatutakoa oinarritzat hartuz, dokumentu honetan konpresio indarraren, hiru ardatz ortogonaletan bularrak sufritutako azelerazioaren, konpresio sakoneraren, gaixoaren bularraren gainean kokatutako bi elektrodoen arteko inpedantziaren eta elektrokardiogramaren seinaleak eskuratzeko erabiliko den entrenamenduko maniki orokor baten sentsorizazioa egiteko soluzio teknikoa zehazten da; gainera, aurretik grabatutako seinale elektrokardiografiko injektatzeko aukera gehitzen da. Entsegu hauetan lortutako erregistro datu basea erabili ahal izango da aurrerantzean bere analisia egiteko, kasu erreal batetan lortutako seinaleekin duten antza maximoa da eta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60278,2023-03-06,"This end-of-grade work analyzes the experiences of premature traumas that many students suffer or suffer from today, or the ACE (Adverse Childhood Experiences), and analyzes the situations in which they may occur, the consequences they may have and the role the school should have. A systematic narrative review based on the PRISMA protocol was carried out. To do this, we analyze some school experiences that make this treatment internationally, such as the Trauma Sensitive Schools in the United States, the Nurture Schools in the United Kingdom or the Caregiving Schools in Spain. The objective is to know, from these educational experiences, the needs and works of the school itself, of the context and of all the participants, to guarantee the well-being of children and at the same time autonomous learning.Teaching will focus on the concepts of trauma and ACE, especially those in which nowadays the school population lives in childhood and, consequently, on the effects they produce in the learning environments. In addition, it will be necessary to establish an important link with the school to understand the different situations and realities that coexist daily. The results speak and, through this literature review, express the current difficulties and the importance of truths.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, egungo ikasle askok pairatu edo pairatzen dituzten trauma goiztiarren esperientziak edota ACEak (Adverse Childhood Experiences, Esperientzia gogor goiztiarrak) aztertzen dira; honekin batera, zer egoeratan gerta daitezkeen, izan ditzaketen ondorioak eta eskolak izan behar duen funtzioa aztertzen da. Honetarako, errebisio sistematiko narratiboa egin da, PRISMA protokoloan oinarrituta. Gainera, internazional mailan honen trataera egiten duten eskola esperientzia batzuk aztertzen dira; hala nola, Estatu Batuetako Trauma Sensitive Schools, Britaniar Handiko Nurture Schools eta Espainiako Escuelas Cuidadoras. Helburua, hezkuntza-esperientzia hauetatik, eskolak berak, testuinguruak eta parte-hartzaile guztiek dituzten behar eta lanak ezagutzea da, haurren ongizatea eta aldi berean ikaskuntza autonomoa bermatzeko. Honekin batera, trauma eta ACE kontzeptuak aztertuko dira, batik bat, gaur egun ikasleak haurtzaroan jasaten dituztenak eta ondorioz, irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza giroetan dituzten eraginak ere bai. Gainera, eskolarekin lotura garrantzitsua egitea beharrezkoa izango da ulertzeko zer egoera eta errealitate ezberdinak bizi diren egunero. Emaitzek hitz egin dute eta errebisio bibliografiko honen bitartez egungo zailtasun eta egiek zer nolako garrantzia duten adieraziko dute." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25915,2018-03-22,"The main issue of this End-of-Degree Essay is to analyse the importance of immigrant families´ participation in school, in order to tackle the cultural diversity we find these days in our classrooms in an inclusive way. To that end, a qualitative research has been carried out in a school located in Bakio, focusing the research on pre-school education. Sources like analysis of school documentation, interviews with the educational community and participatory observation have been used to gather information and draw conclusions about the participation of immigrant families in such school. Once the results obtained have been compared with the theoretical framework, a proposal for improvement has been presented based on the conclusions achieved.","Gaur egun gure geletan bizitzen ari garen aniztasun kulturalari modu inklusibo batean aurre egiteko asmoz, eskolan familia etorkinen parte hartzearen garrantzia aztertzea da Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua. Horretarako, Bakioko eskola batean ikerketa kualitatibo bat aurrera eraman da, bai eskolako dokumentuen azterketaren bitartez, hezkuntza komunitateari egindako elkarrizketa zuzenen bitartez zein behaketa partehartzailearen bidez lortutako datuen analisiarekin, bertako guraso etorkinek eskolan duten partehartzea ezagutzeko. Ikerketa, Haur Hezkuntzako etapara mugatu da. Lortutako emaitzak marko teorikoarekin alderatu ostean, ateratako ondorioak oinarritzat hartuz, hobetzeko proposamen bat aurkeztu da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17674,2016-03-16,"It is necessary to have a sense of direction when teaching child educaction, especially with concepts that are more abstract. Due to the union that maths and art has had in history, it could result beneficial to combine some concepts of maths with arte. Taking advantage of this connection between the two, students work on their feelings, creativity and basic notions of maths whilst personally interiorising geometric concepts. The project explained it is in classroms of 5 years old, putting in practice the concept of “near-far”, and in this way, starting off with ordinary objects and finishing with Acrobatic Cosmology by Tamayo, from 3 dimensions to 2 dimensions.","Haur Hezkuntzan beharrezkoa da ikasketa prozesuari zentzua ematea, bereziki abstraktuagoak diren edukiei. Historian zehar izan duten loturagatik aproposa gerta daiteke matematika arte munduarekin eta arte munduko hainbat kontzeptuekin lotzea. Lotura honetaz baliatuz, ikasleek, sentimenduak, sormena eta nozio estetikoak landuko dituzte matematikako, bereziki geometriako edukiak barneratzen dituzten bitartean. Azaltzen den proiektua, 5 urteko gelan gauzatu da, hurbiletik-urrunera kontzeptua praktikan jarriz, ohiko objektuetatik hasi eta Tamayoren“Cosmología acrobática” obran bukatuz, 3 dimentsiotik, 2 dimentsiora." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23294,2017-07,"Cardiac arrest consists in the sudden cessation of breathing and the normal activity of the heart. In order to survive cardiac arrest, an immediate and efficient response is essential. Most cardiac arrests occur out of hospital, where treatment consists fundamentally in the immediate application of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and early defibrillation. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation consists in supplying artificial ventilations, in order to deliver oxygen to the lungs, and applying compressions to the patient’s thorax of, so that the oxygenated blood circulates all over the body. Consequently, the efficient supply of ventilations is very important to increase the probability of survival of the patient and, in case of survival, to improve de patient’s state after hospital discharge. Nowadays, in out of hospital scenarios ventilations are supplied manually and it is not possible to know if the process is being done efficiently. It is not possible to know in real time the quality of the supplied ventilations. Therefore, finding a method to give feedback on the quality of ventilations would be very useful and beneficial. In this work, we propose for ventilation quality assessment using one of the signals that defibrillators already record through their defibrillation pads: the thoracic impedance signal. This signal represents the resistance of the thorax to the electric current flow and fluctuates as consequence of the supplied ventilations. Air is a bad conductor and causes this fluctuation because when the thorax fills with air the thoracic impedance increases. As a starting point a database was available for the characterization of the fluctuation of the thoracic impedance caused by ventilations. The thoracic impedance of several patients connected to a mechanical ventilator were available. This kind of ventilator allows the configuration and knowledge of the characteristics of the ventilations supplied. Therefore, this work studies the relation between the characteristics of the fluctuations of the thoracic impedance signal caused by ventilations (times, amplitudes and slopes) and the characteristics of the supplied ventilations (frequency, volume and pressure). Knowledge of these relations would allow feedback on the quality of ventilations supplied to the patient in real time having available only the thoracic impedance signal. In fact, it would be possible to know the quality of the ventilations and to assess whether they are being supplied according to the recommendations, in order to maximize the probability of survival.","Bihotz-biriketako gelditzea arnasketaren eta bihotzaren ohiko jardueraren bat bateko gelditzea da. Mota honetako gertaera batetik bizirik irteteko, berehalako erantzun eraginkorra guztiz ezinbestekoa da. Bihotz-biriketako gelditze gehienak ospitaletik kanpo gertatzen dira. Kasu horietan tratamendua berehalako bihotz-biriketako berpiztea eta desfibrilazio goiztiarra ematea da. Bihotz-biriketako berpiztea aireztapen artifizialak eta bihotz-masajea ematean datza. Horrela, aireztapenen bidez biriketara oxigenoa bidaltzen da eta, masajearen bidez odol oxigenatua gorputzean zehar zirkularazten da. Hori dela-eta, aireztapenak modu eraginkorrean ematea oso garrantzitsua da, pazientearen biziraupen aukerak handitzeko eta bizirik irteten diren pazienteen egoera neurologikoa hobetzeko. Gaur egun, ospitaletik kanpo aireztapenak eskuz ematen dira eta ezin da jakin prozesua modu eraginkor batean egiten ari den. Oraindik ez dago denbora errealean aireztapenen kalitatea ezagutzeko tresnarik. Horregatik, informazio hori eskuragai edukitzeko metodo bat aurkitzea oso erabilgarria eta onuragarria izango litzateke. Horretarako, lan honetan aireztapenen ezaugarriak neurtzea proposatzen da gaur egun desfibriladoreek haien txaplaten bidez eskuratzen duten seinale bat erabiliz: bular-inpedantzia seinalea. Seinale honek uneoro neurtzen du korronte elektrikoak bularra zeharkatzean jasaten duen erresistentzia, eta aireztapenek seinalean fluktuazioa eragiten dute. Fluktuazio horren zergatia airearen kondukzio txarra da, ondorioz toraxa airez betetzen denean, bular-inpedantzia handitzen da. Lan honetarako, aireztapenen ondorioz gertatzen diren bular-inpedantzia fluktuazioak ezaugarritzeko aukera ematen duen datu base bat eskuragarri dago. Arnasgailu mekaniko bati konektatutako paziente batzuen bular-inpedantzia grabatuta duen datu basea, alegia. Arnasgailu horrekin aireztapenen ezaugarriak zehaztu eta neurtu daitezke. Hori dela-eta, lan honetan aireztapenen ondorioz gertatzen diren bular-inpedantziaren torazikoaren fluktuazioen ezaugarrien (denbora, anplitudea eta malda) eta emandako aireztapenen ezaugarrien (frekuentzia, bolumena eta presioa) arteko erlazioak bilatzen da. Erlazio horiek ezagutzeak etorkizunean bular-inpedantzia soilik erabilita erreskatatzaileak ematen ari dituen aireztapenen ezaugarriak denbora errealean jakitea ahalbidetuko luke. Horrela, aireztapenen kalitatea denbora errealean jakin ahal izango litzateke, aireztapenen kalitatea hobetzeko eta pazientearen biziraupen aukerak handitzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25091,2005,"The concept “globalization” is connected to the establishment of global resources; markets are permanently linked and function at a global scale. Drugs are products with a great amount of consumers (200 millions) and the drug market was one of the first in becoming international. The fast growth of the transnational relations generates the conditions for a scarce control of criminality, corruption, drugs, ecological crimes, clandestine migrations, etc.","“Globalizazioaren” kontzeptua errekurtso globalen sorrerarekin lotuta dago; merkatuek etengabeko erlazioa daukate eta modu globalean funzionatzen dute. Kontsumitzaile askorentzako produktuak izanik (200 milioi), drogen merkatua lehenengoetarikoa izan zen nazioarteko maila hartzen. Mugaz haraindiko erlazioen hazkunde nabariak kondizio bereziak sortu ditu zenbait fenomenoren kontrol urrirako, hala nola; kriminaltasuna, ustelkeria, drogak, delitu ekologikoak, migrazio klandestinoak etab." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47907,2020-11-12,"In this Final Degree Project the importance of languages and cultures will be analyzed, taking into account the diversity that exists in the educational world. In order to examine the issue in depth, the current reality will be studied through real-life stories. Then, the reader is invited to travel visiting different continents with a teenage girl named Alkira. Thanks to her, it is possible to achieve the main objective of this final work: identify the cultural diversity in education with the proposal made for schools, to realize there are still differences between men and women in society. Diversity, language, culture, real-life story, women","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan hezkuntza munduan aurkitzen den aniztasunaren ildoa jarraituz, hizkuntza eta kulturaren garrantzia aztertuko dira. Halaber, gaian sakontzeko, egungo errealitatearen berri emango da bizitza-istorioen bidez. Horretarako, Alkira izeneko neskatxo batekin munduko kontinente ezberdinetan zehar bidaiatzera gonbidatuko da txosten honetako irakurlea. Berari esker, lan honen xede nagusia bete daiteke: hezkuntzan aurkitzen den aniztasun-kulturala identifikatzea eskoletan lantzeko egiten den proposamenarekin, oraindik ere gizartean jarraitzen duten emakume eta gizonen arteko ezberdintasunez ohartzeko. Aniztasuna, hizkuntza, kultura, bizitza-istorioa, emakumea" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29496,2018-10-31,"This paper describes a system designed for detection of cars in real-world environments. It is based on computer vision, a field that is currently booming. The system uses the Haar cascades method firstly introduced by Paul Viola and Michael Jones, which is known for its fast processing and good detection rates; under the OpenCV programming libraries, which are the most used in the field of computer vision. The process requires representative data sets to be used for training and validation, including positive (presence of the object to detect) and negative (absence of the object to detect) image samples. Therefore, several example images of cars were hand labelled for training and performance calculation purposes. Preliminary results show that the method can be very effective to detect cars at fast rates and show generalization capabilities. In spite of some lack of detection, because this method is quite fast, it can serve for purposes like the one of this project. This purpose is the study of the flow of cars at a point on a highway, so that it can be known the use that is given to it, as well as prevent retentions and, therefore, avoid possible traffic accidents and improve the circulation.","Lan honek, ikusmen-artifizialean oinarritutako eta mundu errealean kokatutako autoen detekzioa gauzatzen du. Sistemak Haar Urjauziak erabiltzen ditu, hasiera batean Paul Viola eta Michael Jones-ek ikasitako arloa, bere prozesamendu azkar eta detekzio tasa altuengatik. OpenCV liburutegi ezagunak erabiliko dira metodo honen aplikaziorako. Prozesuak datu-multzo esanguratsu baten beharra du entrenamendua eta ondorengo balidazio prozesua osatzeko, datu-multzo positibo bat eta negatibo bat behar dituelarik. Horregatik, autoen irudi batzuk eskuz etiketatuta izan ziren ondorengo entrenamendurako eta errendimendu kalkuluak egiteko finarekin. Lehenengo emaitzek adierazten duten moduan, metodo honek autoak detektatzeko tasa altuak eta orokortze kapazitateak eskaintzen ditu. Detekzio falta batzuk ditu bere prozesamendu azkarraren ondorioz, baina proiektu honen antzeko lanetarako erabilgarria da. Lan honen helburua, autobide baten puntu bateko autoen fluxuaren ikasketa da. Horrela auto-ilarak eta hauen ondorioz gertatu daitezkeen istripuak galarazteko helburuarekin." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55063,2022-01-18,"When the autonomous motor development of the child is respected and the appropriate conditions are provided, children develop from the prone position to the walking position following the natural tendency, as can be seen in the Pikler-Lóczy model. The aim of this work has been to analyse the movements and postures of three infant school children taking the Pikler-Lóczy model of autonomous development as a model. The results show that although these children follow the natural tendency and are on the way to automate certain movements and postures, they are not the same as obtained by Pikler-Lóczy and therefore may have been precociously verticalized children, children whose autonomous motor development has not been respected.","Haurraren garapen motor autonomoa errespetatu eta honetarako baldintza egokiak ematen direnean, haurrek buruz gorako posturatik ibiltzera artekoak berezko zenari jarraituz garatzen dituzte, Pikler-Lóczyko ereduan ikus daitekeen moduan. Lóczyko haurren garapen autonomoaren bilakaera eredutzat hartuz katamar lekualdatzetik ibiltzerako tartean dauden gure haur eskolako hiru haurren mugimendu eta posturak aztertzea izan da lan honen helburua. Emaitzek agerian uzten dute haur hauek joera naturala jarraitu eta zenbait mugimendu eta postura automatizatzeko bidean egon arren, ez direla Pikler-Lóczyko haurren berak izan; gai izan baino lehen bertikalizatutako haurrak izan daitezkeela eta beraien garapen motorra ez dela errespetatua izan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19880,2016-12-19,"In this document the study of prefabrication with metal elements in the industrial building is proposed. The study was conducted in such a manner that complies with laws and regulations, including the CTE and DB-SE-A. In the project the different alternatives of systems that can be adopted with their advantages and disadvantages will be analyzed, so, it will be possible to choose the option that best meets the objectives and proposed conditions of the project. Prefabrication is a construction system based on the design and mass production in a factory outside its final location. In this work we have studied, specifically, the metallic prefabrication. They have highlighted the advantages and disadvantages compared to its direct competitors (traditional construction, precast concrete) through a SWOT analysis. Finally, the conclusions indicate that the construction prefabricated metal elements in the industrial building is a very interesting building system for its efficiency, speed, price and respect for nature.","Dokumentu honetan aurrefabrikazioa elementu metalikoekin eraikin industrialean ikasiko da. Ikasketa balizkoa izan dadin CTE eta DB-SE-A dokumentuak ezarritako legedia bete behar du. Era berean eraikuntza sistema funtzionala izan behar du. Proiektuan zehar eraikuntza sistema ezberdinen arteko konparaketa egingo da, existitzen diren aukera posibleak analizatuz. Bakoitzak dituen abantaila eta desabantailak ere ikusiko dira, eskakizunei eta ezarritako baldintzei hobekien moldatzen den alternatiba aukeratzeko asmoarekin. Aurrefabrikazioa fabrika batean, fabrikazio seriean oinarritzen den diseinu eta produkzio sistema da. Dokumentu honetan, konkretuki, aurrefabrikazioa elementu metalikoekin ikasiko da. Hala ere, lehiakideak aztertuko dira, DAFO taula baten bidez. Haien indarrak eta ahuleziak ezagutzeko intentzioarekin. Lehiakide nagusiak eraikuntza metaliko klasikoa eta hormigoizko aurrefabrikazioak izango dira. Amaitzeko, ateratako ondorioek adierazten dute aurrefabrikazio metalikoa eraikin industrialean eraikuntza sistema oso interesgarria dela, azkarra, merkea eta naturarekiko errespetua duelako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26229,1989,"Biology in now an effective aid to resolution of paternity conflicts. The technological advance registered in the last decade put into the hands of investigator methodologies that combine Molecular Biology and Genetics. This allows a very accurate report of biological paternity, to such an extent that it is possible to affirm in a precise way the exclusion of paternity or to reach probabilities close to certainty in affirming the paternity.","Gaur egun, Biologia aitatasun gatazken erabakikuntzan lagungarri eraginkorra da. Azken hamarkadan egondako aurrerapen teknologikoak ikerlearen eskuetan Biologia Molekularra eta Genetika konbinatzen dituen metodologiak jartzen ditu. Honek aitatasunaren peritajea zehaztapen handiz eman diezaguke, ziurtasun osoarekin aitatasun bat baztertu edo ziurtasunetik gertu dauden probabilitateekin aitatasuna baieztatu daitekelarik." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47695,2020-11-04,"In this work, the viability of fiber luminiscent solar concentrators for use in space environment has been studied. To this end, some experiments have been carried out with polymer optical fibers doped with different luminiscent materials, concentrations and manufacturing methods to determine the photostability of the signal emitted by the fibers. On the one hand, the variation of intensity over long periods of time and lighting/dark cycles has been analyzed using a calibrated solar simulator (AM1.5G) and, on the other, the photostability of the fibers has been measured as a function of temperature using an oven, and in several thermal cycles. It has been concluded that the fibers doped with the organic dye lumogen red are stable in long periods of exposure to solar radiation (decay less than 6%) and that the fibers studied are stable with a decay less than 20% in thermal cycles of up to 90 ° C.","Lan honetan, zuntz luminiszenteekin egindako eguzki-kontzentragailuen bideragarritasuna aztertu da espazioko inguruneetan erabili ahal izateko. Horretarako, zenbait saiakuntza egin dira material luminiszente, kontzentrazio eta fabrikazio-metodo desberdinekin dopatutako zuntz optikorekin, zuntzek igorritako seinalearen fotoegonkortasuna zehazteko. Alde batetik, denbora-tarte luzeetan eta argiztapen/iluntasun-zikloetan intentsitatearen aldaketa aztertu da, kalibratutako eguzki-simulagailu bat (AM1.5G) erabiliz, eta, bestetik, labe bat erabiliz, zuntzen fotoegonkortasuna neurtu da tenperaturaren arabera eta zenbait ziklo termikotan. Ondorioztatu da, lumogen red koloratzaile organikoarekin dopatutako zuntzak egonkorrak direla eguzki-erradiazioko esposizio-aldi luzeetan (beheraldia % 6a baino gutxiago) eta aztertutako zuntzak egonkorrak direla 90 ºC-rainoko ziklo termikoetan, beraien intentsitatea % 20 baino gutxiago jaitsiz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67777,2024-05-08,"This Final Degree Project has attempted to detect the lack of implementation of Sex Education in the Primary Education stage despite the fact that it appears in both the current law, LOMLOE (2020), and the Curriculum. By means of a questionnaire carried out with Primary Education teachers in schools in Bizkaia, this study has tried to identify the needs of these teachers with regard to the implementation of Sex Education in their classrooms. Bearing this in mind, this study has attempted to respond to these needs by means of a didactic proposal for the implementation of Sex Education in the first cycle of Primary Education, specifically, to work on the topics of consent and sexual diversity.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, sexu-hezkuntza Lehen Hezkuntzan ez dela ezarri antzematen saiatu da, indarrean dagoen legean, LOMLOE (2020), eta curriculumean agertu arren. Bizkaiko ikastetxeetako Lehen Hezkuntzako irakasleei egindako galdetegi baten bidez, irakasle horiek beren ikasgeletan sexu-hezkuntza ezartzeari dagokionez dituzten beharrak identifikatzen saiatu da. Hori kontuan hartuta, lan honen bidez, premia horiei erantzuten saiatu da, Lehen Hezkuntzako lehen zikloan sexu-hezkuntza ezartzeko proposamen didaktiko baten bidez, zehazki, sexu-onarpena eta sexu-aniztasunaren gaiak lantzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20043,2016-12-29,"It is very common for primary school children to say that they do not like reading. Certainly, reading is a process that involves more than the simple action of reading the words on the page and is influenced by a number of other factors. Among the most noticeable of these are the motivation and willingness of readers, as well as the right understanding of the text; that is, the ability to validate or refute the hypothesis made by the reader along the adventure of reading. In order to perform this project, a questionnaire by Wigfield and Guthriek (1997), which examines the reading habits, has been used. Some questions about reading have been asked to 56 students aged between six and eight years old, and based on the results obtained through that, a picture book has been created so as to encourage reading in students in the first two years of primary education, through which students will learn about Basque Mythology.","Oso ohikoa da Lehen Hezkuntzako geletan ikasleei ez zaiela irakurtzea gustatzen entzutea. Izan ere, irakurketa, irakurtzea baino haratago doan prozesua da eta horren barruan faktore anitzek eragiten dute; hala nola, irakurlearen aldez aurreko jarrerak zein motibazioak ez ezik, irakurtzen dena ondo ulertzeak ere garrantzia du, hau da, irakurleak irakurtzen duen bitartean formulatzen dituen hipotesiak baieztatzeko nahiz ezeztatzeko gai izatea ezinbestekoa da. Lan hau burutzeko, irakurketa ohiturak aztertu dituzten Wigfield eta Guthrie autoreek (1997) sortutako galdetegi bat hartu da oinarritzat. Bertan irakurketaren alde ezberdinei buruz galdetu zaie sei eta zortzi urte bitarteko ikasleei eta emaitzetan oinarrituta, Lehen Hezkuntzako lehen zikloko umeen irakurzaletasuna sustatzeko eta irakurketa lantzeko album ilustratuta sortu da, Euskal Mitologiako gai batean oinarrituta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60221,2023-03-03,"It is well known that the illustrated album is not only a book of great drawings, but it is often not easy to determine what it is. This work is intended to give a definition as complete as possible of the illustrated album, as well as the keys to assessing the quality of an album. This research work will create an illustrated album.","Jakina da album ilustratua ez dela marrazki handiz osatutako edozein liburu, baina askotan ez da erraza zer den zehaztea. Lan honen bidez album ilustratuaren definizio ahalik eta osoena eman nahi da, baita album bat kalitatezkoa den baloratzeko gakoak ere. Ikerketa lan hori baliatuta, album ilustratu bat sortuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69952,2024-06-14,"Addictions and drug dependence are social phenomenon that create some concern among the population. This paper analyses this phenomenon, but focuses essentially on prevention and reintegration strategies applicable to drug addicts. Both prevention and reintegration are key factors in the treatment of any drug dependence, as they can favour the development of a life away from drug use. Therefore, the main objective of the work is to analyse and criticise the strategies that can be applied to them. To this end, not only will the strategies be analysed, but also other factors such as the programmes or treatments that can be used to overcome dependence.","Droga menpekotasunaren eta adikzioen fenomeno sozialek gizartean kezka edota egonezina sortzen dute. Lan honetan fenomeno hori aztertzen da, baina, zehazki, droga menpekotasuna duten pertsonei aplikagarri diren prebentzio eta birgizarteratze estrategiak. Birgizarteratzea, zein prebentzioa funtsezko faktoreak dira droga menpekotasunen esku hartzea burutzerakoan; izan ere, horiek eragina izan dezakete kontsumotik urrundutako bizitza garatzerakoan. Hori dela eta, lanaren helburu nagusia menpekoei aplikatu ahal zaizkien birgizarteratze eta berrerortzeak saihesteko prebentzio estrategiak aztertzea eta kritikatzea da. Horretarako, ez dira bakarrik estrategiak aztertuko, hala nola menpekotasuna gainditzeko eskuragarri dituzten programak edota tratamenduak ere ikertuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20998,2017-03-20,"In this work the bio-oils from fast pyrolysis of biomass and the application of the SESR to obtain hydrogen are researched qualitatively and in laboratory scale, with the aim of contributing to the development of the technique. Facing the Energy system crisis, biomass could become an interesting alternative for fossil fuels for the energetic transition. From the fast pyrolysis of biomass bio-oils and pyrolysis gases are obtained. Bio-oils could become an alternative for liquid fuels, and applying the SESR technique to the pyrolysis gases is possible to obtain hydrogen. The development of this technique is a contribution to stop Climate Change. In this work, the effect of the temperature in which fast pyrolysis is developed is researched, as well as the catalytic steam reforming of the pyrolysis products with and without sorbent.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan biomasaren pirolisi azkarretik abiatuta lorutako bio-olioak eta hidrogenoa lortzeko SESR prozesua kualitatiboki aztertzen da laborategi eskalan, teknika honen garapenari ekarpena egin asmoz. Sistema energetikoaren krisi baten erdian, iturrien ikuspegitik biomasa erregai fosilen ordezkari izan daiteke trantsizio energetikorako. Biomasaren pirolisitik bio-olioak eta pirolisi gasak lortzen dira. Bio-olioen bidez erregai likidoak ordezkatzeko aukera zabal daiteke, eta pirolisi gasetan SESR teknika aplikatu hidrogenoa lortzeko aukera dago. Horrela gainera, klima aldaketari aurre egiteari ere ekarpena egiten dio teknika honen garapenak. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan pirolisi azkarra burutzeko tenperaturaren eragina aztertuko da, eta baita pirolisi produktuen lurrun erreformatu katalitikoa ere adosrbatzailea gehitu gabe, eta adsorbatzailea gehituta." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29246,2018-10-23,"In the current research, performed at the facilities of Ihobe (Public Society of Environmental Management of the Basque Government), it is developed the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of three models of vehicles with combustion engines for Iberdrola. Taking into account the different types of the existing vehicles, the market, and the environmental variable, we want to compare the environmental impact associated to different vehicles powered by combustion engines with greater weight in the market. With the intention of making an environmental comparison of the different models, the environmental aspects and impacts associated to them must be known. Therefore, the research is based on the collection and analysis of the inputs and outputs of the product and associated processes throughout its life cycle. Therefore, using SimaPro software and using the ReCiPe methodology, results that show the potential environmental impacts of each model are obtained, allowing us to know the environmental improvements achieved when comparing them. In addition, it is important to point out that the research is carried out by ensuring the compliance of the ISO 14040 and ISO 14044 ACV standards, in order to certify the veracity of the data. This research will try to determine the best alternative for clients looking for the most sustainable behavior from an environmental point of view. Likewise, it will be provided the necessary information to determine different solutions, allowing the use of ecodesign in future products.","Proiektu honetan, Ihoberen (Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Ingurumen Jarduketarako Sozietate Publikoa) instalazioetan egina izan dena, konbustiozko motordun hiru autoren Bizi Zikloaren Analisia (BZA) garatu da Iberdrolarentzat. Dauden auto mota ezberdinak eta ingurumenaren aldagaia kontuan izanik, salmentan dauden konbustiozko motorrez eraginda dabiltzan autoetatik ohikoenek ingurumenari egindako eragina aldaratuko da. Auto mota ezberdinen arteko ingurumen konparaketa egiteko asmotan, hauei lotutako ingurumen inpaktu eta aspektuak ezagutu behar dira. Beraz, analisi hau produktu bakoitzak bizi ziklo osoan zehar dituen sarrera eta irteeren bilketan datza. Horrela, SimaPro softwarea erabiliz eta ReCiPe metodologiaren bitartez lortuko dira auto mota bakoitzetik eratorritako ingurumen inpaktuak, lorturiko ingurumenari loturiko hobekuntzak ezagutuz konparatzerakoan. Beste alde batetik, ikasketa hau BZA-ren ISO 14040 eta ISO 14044 arauak betetzen direla ziurtatuz egingo da datuen egiatasuna bermatuz. II Bestalde, eroslearentzat aukerarik onena bilatuko da ingurumenaren ikuspuntutik jokamolde iraunkorrena zeinek duen bilatuz. Honekin batera, etorkizunean garatuko diren produktuetan ekodiseinua erabiltzeari konponbideak topatzeko asmotan beharrezkoa den informazioa batuko da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27750,2011,"Even if the general assumption is that Roman water supply systems (aqueducts in particular) ceased to function during the late Roman period, and that these were not present in medieval cities, recent archaeological research is proving that this was not always the case. Several cities in Spain show archaeological continuity in their water supply systems into the Visigothic period, and one of these seems to be Valencia. There is archaeological evidence to suggest a functioning aqueduct until the eleventh century, probably linked to episcopal patronage or, less probable, due to royal intervention. The information available comes from the excavations at L’Almoina, c/ Cavallers and c/ Quart, in which not only sections of the aqueduct with complete preserved stratigraphy have been retrieved, but also important water-consuming structures. Valencia is also a unique example of the reparation of Roman water supply systems in the Umayyad period.","Erromatar garaiko ur horniketa sistema (bereziki akueduktuak) Berant Antzinaroan bertan behera geratu eta Erdi Aroko hirietan ez zirela egon uste izan den arren, azkeneko ikerketa arkeologikoen arabera hau ez zen beti horrela izan. Espainiako hainbat hirietan burututako azterketa arkeologikoek agerian utzi dute ur horniketaren jarraitutasuna aldi bisigotikoan, besteak beste Valentzia. Material arkeologikoen arabera akueduktuaren erabilera XI. mendera arte luzatu zela aditzera eman daiteke, seguruenik apezpikutzaren babesari lotuta edo agian, baina aukera gutxiagorekin, erregearen esku-hartzearekin. Eskura dugun materiala Almonia, Cavallers kalea eta Quart kaleko indusketei dagokio, non ez dira bakarrik estratigrafia osoa erakusten duten akueduktu atalak iraun baizik eta ura kontsumitzen zuten egitura garrantzitsuak ere. Valentzia aldi omeiatar zehar erromatar garaiko ur eroanbidetan egin ziren konponketen adibide ona da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20220,2017-01-11,"This document describes the Final Grade Work carried out with a double objective. On the one hand, studying a methodology appropriate for the measure of electromagnetic exposure from WiFi systems, and on the other hand, characterizing the levels of WiFi exposition existing in the school of engineering of Bilbao, in where students and workers are exposed continuously to this type of radiation. Taking into account that social concern on the radiation electromagnetic and their effects in health has increased considerably in the last years, is necessary establish a suitable procedure for measure the WiFi radiation, since the methodologies considered until now lead to results whose precision does not reflect the reality existing in what this topic is concerned, as it will be explained later in different sections. Therefore, this Final Grade Work has verified a methodology previously defined by members of the research team, TSR (Tratamiento de Señal y Radiocomunicaciones), to check the reliability degree of the levels of exhibition obtained. To this purpose, different measures are taken in different locations of the school and are compared with the levels provided by a dosimeter. On this way, useful results and conclusions are obtained to confirm that the methodology selected is suitable for the study of the radiation of WiFi systems. In addition, the measures taken, got the fulfillment of the second objective of the work, characterizing the levels of WiFi exposure in the selected environment, in order to determine if the levels obtained obey the limits of exposure imposed by the law for the security of students and workers of the University.","Dokumento honek, helburu bikoitzarekin landu den Gradu Amaierako Lana deskribatzen du. Alde batetik, WiFi sistemengatiko esposizio elektromagnetikoa neurtzeko metodologia egoki bat ikastea eta beste aldetik, Bilboko Ingeneritza Eskolako Wifi esposizio maila neurtzea, bertako ikasle eta langileak uneoro hauen eraginpean baitaude. Kontuan hartuz azken aldian erradiazio elektromagnetikoaren eta honen efektuen kezka gizartean handitu egin dela, beharrezkoa da WiFi erradiazioa neurtzeko era egoki bat, gaur egun arteko metodologiek ez dutelako beharrezkoa den zehaztasunarekin emaitzik ematen, geroago azalduko den bezala. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, beraz, TSR (Tratamiento de la Señal y Radiocomunicaciones) ikerkuntza taldeko kideek aurretik definitutako metodologia bat ziurtatu da, honek emandako esposizio mailen fidagarritasuna konprobatzeko helburuarekin. Horretarako, eskolako toki desberdinetan neurriak hartu ziren eta dosimetro batek emandako neurriekin konparatu egin ziren. Era honetan, emaitzak lortu eta ondorio erabilgarriak atera ziren, Wifi sistemen erradiazioa aztertzeko metodologia egokia zela konprobatzeko. Era berean, neurriak hartzeak lanaren bigarren helburua betearazi zuen. Honek, aukeratutako tokiko WiFi esposizioa neurtzea ahalbidetu zuen, legeak ezarritako muga betetzen zela ziurtatzeko, unibertsitateko ikasle eta langileen segurtasuna bermatzeko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55870,2022-03-10,"Background and objective: Perinatal death is an unexpected event that triggers different emotions and a grieving process in families and also in health care professionals. The aims of this systematic review are to assess nursing ability to cope with perinatal death and determine effective interventions to make a bearable grief in parents who have suffered perinatal death. Methods: A PRISMA-based Systematic Review was performed. A search protocol was developed to be used in 4 databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library). Observational studies published between January 2009 and January 2020 were included. Results: The review was done from one prospective cohort study and 11 cross-sectional descriptive studies with limited methodological quality: in 8 testimonies of fathers and/or mothers who have suffered perinatal death were used, in 2 others healthcare professionals’ testimonies and in another one fathers’, mothers’ and professionals’ testimonies were used. Health care professionals tend to focus on physical care; parents appreciate being asked about their emotional state, giving an identity to the baby, considering him or her as a family member and creating baby’s memories. Conclusions: Despite the lack of training of health care professionals, treating the emotional aspect and encouraging parents creating baby’s memories can help in the grieving process.","Sarrera eta helburua: Heriotza perinatala familietan zein osasun profesionalengan emozio desberdinak eta dolu prozesua pizten duen ezusteko gertakaria da. Berrikuspen sistematiko honen helburuak heriotza perinatalari aurre egiteko erizainen gaitasuna determinatzea eta gurasoen dolua eramangarriagoa egiteko interbentzio efektiboak identifikatzea dira. Metodologia: PRISMA ezarpenetan oinarritutako berrikusketa sistematikoa. Lau datu baseetan (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus eta Cochrane Library) erabili zen bilaketa protokoloa zehaztu zen, eta 2009ko urtarrila eta 2020ko urtarrila artean egindako behaketazko hainbat ikerlan erantsi zitzaizkion. Emaitzak: Berrikusketarako, kohorteseko ikerketa prospektibo bat eta kalitate metodologiko eskasa duten zeharkako 10 ikerlan deskriptibo erabili ziren: horietako zortzitan heriotza perinatala pairatu zuten ama edota aiten testigantzak erabili ziren, beste bitan osasun profesionalenak, eta beste batean, aita, ama eta profesionalen testigantzak erabili ziren. Osasun-profesionalek zainketa fisikoetan zentratzeko joera dute; gurasoek haien egoera emozionalari buruz galdetuak izatea, haurtxoari identitatea ematea, familiako kide kontsideratzea eta haren memoriak sortzea eskertzen dute. Ondorioak: Osasun-profesionalen prestakuntza falta badago ere, alderdi emozionala tratatzeak eta gurasoak haurtxoaren memoriak sortzera animatzeak dolu prozesuan lagun dezakete." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14081,2015-01-19,"The question posed by this regard wants to promote the reflection of teachers about their educational work. In order to reveal the use of education within the current capitalist system, has been analyzed the actual situation and existing control mechanisms. In this situation, the regard wants to disseminate the necessary educational response, based on the problematizing pedagogy proposed by Paulo Freire. For this, have been fixed the main theoretical aspects and presented the experiments carried out to implement a critical perspective. Our pedagogy must be the pedagogy of resistance, so that the people living in silence and dehumanization regain their word. This research aims to contribute to help in the complex and responsible task of the educator, to assume her/him social responsibility.","Lanak planteatzen duen galdera, hezitzaileek bere eginbeharraren inguruan hausnartzera bideratuta dago. Egungo sistema kapitalistaren barruan hezkuntzak duen erabilera desestali nahian, bizi dugun egoera aztertu egin da eta erabiltzen diren kontrol mekanismoak. Egoera honen aurrean, behar den hezkuntza erantzuna zabaldu nahi da, Paulo Freireren pedagogia eragilearen (problematizatzailearen) ildoan. Horretarako, aspektu teoriko nagusiak zehaztu dira eta ikuspegi kritikoa praktikan jartzeko esperientziak aurkeztu. Gure pedagogia erresistentziaren pedagogia izan behar du, egun kapitalismoak isiltasunera eta deshumanizaziora bultzatzen dituen pertsona horiek hitza berreskura dezaten. Lan hau beraz, ekarpen didaktikoa da hezitzailearen eginbehar konplexu eta arduratsuan laguntzeko, bere erantzukizun soziala gain har dezan." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25572,1995,"lt is studied the legal status of euthanasia, assisted suicide and active termination of life with and without the patient request in the Netherlands, and it is explained the current Dutch practice, the legal framework and te case law in this matter.","Beheko Herrietan Eutanasiaren egoera legala, suizidioari laguntza eta bizitzaren bukaera aktiboa, gaixoaren eskaerarekin edo eskaerarik gabe, ikertu egiten da lan honetan, gaurko holandar praktika, legezko egoera eta gai honetan dagoen jurisprudentzia azalduz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29505,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is to write a public lighting project. In particular, Getxo`s cruise terminal, for this purpose ,it had been studied the current regulations of those kind of installations. Also a study and calculation of the different lighting proposals, and an analysis of all the elements involved in the lighting project. . There will also be a calculation and sizing of the electrical installation that has been made and both a Gantt diagram and a budget to complete the project","Proiektu hau argiztapen publikoko proiektua idaztean datza, zehazki Getxoko gurutzaontzietako terminalari buruz, horretarako jadaneko arautegiari buruz ikerketa bat egingo da, ala ere hainbat argiztapeneko proposaketak egingo dira eta argiztapen lan honetan ageritzen diren elementu guztien azterketa Bukatzeko instalazio elektrikoaren kalkulua, Gantt diagrama eta aurrekontua egingo" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36856,2019-12-12,"The following project explains the design and implementation of a control module for a distributed domotic system, whose main objective is to allow the user to interact with the system.T he domotic system is known as Domus and has the characteristic of being modular. A module of this system is composed by a Control Module, a Power Module, an Audio Module and a Radio Module.T his report will describe in detail the design and implementation of the Control Module, which will be an interface between the user and the domotic system. In addition, it is in charge of receiving and transmitting different commands to all the elements of the system. T his module has been carried out by means of the microcontroller PIC16F887 and an RS-485 serial communication protocol between the modules of the system","Jarraian aurkeztutako proiektua sistema domotiko banatu baten kontrol moduluaren diseinua eta inplementazioa azalzen du, modulu honen helburu nagusia erabiltzailea sistemarekin elkarreragitea da.Sistema domotikoa Domus izenez ezagutzen da eta modularra izatearen ezaugarria du. Sistema honen modulu batek kontrol modulu batengatik, elikadura modulu batengatik, audio modulu batengatik eta irrati modulu batengatik osatuta dago. T xosten honetan K ontrol moduluaren diseinua eta inplemetazioa xeheki deskribatuko da, modulu hau erabiltzailearen eta domotiko sistemaren arteko interfazea izango da. Horrez gain, sistemako elementu guztiei hainbat eskaera jaso eta bidaltzeaz arduratzen da. Modulu hau PIC16F887 mikrokontrolagailua eta sistemaren moduluen artean RS-485 seriezko komunikazio protokolo baten bitartez burutu egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19331,2016-10-18,"This project focuses on searching an efficient and profitable design for a planetary gear reducer system for an electrically powered vehicle. With the aim of fulfilling this, all information has been gathered in the form of written documents as well as in workshop. Afterwards, different alternatives have been compared looking for a valid solution, simple and as cheap possible always coming down by the side of security. It is important to point out that this project covers only the design so it does not include any construction drawings or the manufacturing of the gear system.","Proiektu honek saiatzen da propultsio elektrikoko ibilgailu batentzako sistema erreduktore planetario diseinu erraz, bideragarri eta eraginkor bat bilatzen. Honentzako, bai idatzizko bai lantegian hartuko informazioa bildu egingo da, gero aukera analisiari ekiteko. Helburua sistema baliozko, erraza eta merkeena aurkitzea da beti segurtasunaren alde. Lana bakarrik diseinua denez, garrantzitsua da adieraztea ez direla engranajeen plano konstruktiboak sartuko ezta fabrikazioa adieraziko." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24999,2008,"Globalization entails a social model based on the values of ubiquity, virtuality and speed. In the penal order this gives us the need to face the criminal phenomenon created by trans-national criminal organizations, which do an evil use of communication and information technologies. We can emphasize, by its poisonous effects, the cyber-terrorism. This reflection, after defining cyber-terrorism, went all over normative proposals that want through the approximation to the legislation and the police and judicial cooperation between states, guarantee an adequate public response, exceeding the indisputable lack of resources of the territorial treatment of this specific criminality.","Globalizazioak, besteak beste, nonahitasun, birtualtasun eta bizkortasun baloreen inguruan garatutako gizarte eredua dakarkigu. Ordena penalean, guzti honek nazioarte mailako erakunde kriminalen –informazio eta komunikazio teknologien erabilera maltzurra egiten dutelarik– delitu egintzei aurre-egiteko beharra dakar. Guzti hauen artean ziber-terrorismoa nabarmenduko genuke, bere ondorioak guztiz pozointsuak direlako. Ondorengo hausnarketak, ziber-terrorismoa zehaztu eta gero, legerien hurbiltzearen bidez eta estatuen arteko lankidetza poliziala eta judiziala babesten duten proposamen normatiboen bidez, erantzun publiko egokia bermatu nahi du, era honetan kriminalitate berezi honen tratamendu lurraldetarraren hutsune nabarmena gaindituz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41357,2020-02-20,"Coeducation is a word that is becoming more prominent than ever, with laws reinforcing gender equality. Currently, it is part of a teachers’ job to educate the students in a way that embraces equality, offering women references and restoring an education that has been predominantly directed towards men, so that also girls can get the opportunity to identify themselves. To adopt this innovative aim different projects have developed such as Inspira. In this research, I have observed and evaluated the outcome of the Inspira project that has been applied in the sixth grade of primary education along with the analysis the references students present in their daily life. Moreover, this study also encompasses a textbook that is most widely used by students of sixth grade where the portrayal of women in the textbook and the activities they frequent are examined. This research scrutinizes if we are as close as we think to the utopic equality and if students have women references in academia.","Gaur egun gero eta gehiago entzuten da hezkidetza hitza, eta legeek generoen arteko berdintasuna babesten dute. Horregatik, gaur egungo irakasleen betebehar bat hezkidetzan heztea da; horretarako erreferente femeninoa emanez, eta duela gutxira arte gizonen ikuspuntua jarraituz antolaturiko hezkuntza berrituz, neskek ere identifikatzeko aukera izan dezaten. Asmo berritzaile hori aurrera eramateko proiektu ezberdinak sortu dira, Inspira adibidez. Lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako seigarren mailan ezarritako Inspira proiektuaren eragina behatu, baloratu eta ea ikasleek beraien eguneroko bizitzan nolako erreferenteak dituzten aztertu dut. Horrez gain, maila horretako ikasleek erabiltzen duten ikasliburu batean emakumeen presentzia zenbatekoa den eta emakume horiek zer nolako zereginak betetzen agertzen diren analizatu dut. Berdintasun utopikotik ea uste bezain hurbil ote gauden eta behatutako ikastaldean emakume erreferenteak modu berdintsuan aipatzen diren aztertzen du lan honek." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69466,2024-07,"This Final Degree Project focuses on the pedagogy of Donostia Hospital, analysing hospital classrooms and designing tools to improve the education of hospitalised students. This study is based on visits and interviews with teachers, identifying challenges and opportunities in this educational environment. It also described the teaching experience in hospital classrooms, analysing the teaching strategies used and the resources available. Two tools have been designed and applied in this work: (1) a decalogue for teachers to facilitate the first contact with students; and (2) a digital Escape Room to promote the emotional well-being of their students. The pilot evaluation of the Escape Room showed positive results in student participation, satisfaction and emotional well-being. This work opens avenues to improve the quality of education in hospitals and addresses the line of guaranteeing the right to education for all children and adolescents.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Donostiako Ospitaleko pedagogian zentratzen da, ospitaleetako gelak aztertuz eta ospitaleratutako ikasleen hezkuntza hobetzeko tresnak diseinatuz. Azterketa hori irakasleentzako bisitetan eta elkarrizketetan oinarritu da, eta hezkuntza-ingurune horretan erronkak eta aukerak identifikatu dira. Halaber, ospitaleko ikasgeletako irakaskuntza-esperientzia deskribatu da, erabilitako estrategia pedagogikoak eta eskura dauden baliabideak aztertuta. Lan honetan bi tresna diseinatu eta aplikatu dira: (1) irakasleentzako dekalogo bat, ikasleekin lehen kontaktua errazteko; eta (2) Ihes Room digital bat, bertako ikasleen ongizate emozionala sustatzeko. Ihes Roomaren ebaluazio pilotuak emaitza positiboak erakutsi zituen ikasleen parte-hartzean, asetzea eta ongizate emozionala. Lan honek ospitaleetako hezkuntza-kalitatea hobetzeko bideak irekitzen ditu, eta haur eta nerabe guztien hezkuntza-eskubidea bermatzeko ildoari heltzen dio." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47717,2020-11-04,"The following project describes the design and implementation of a system consisting of a Yumi collaborative robot and an artificial vision camera, for the resolution of both the 3x3 and 2x2 rubik´s cubes. The project englobes all phases of the process, starting from the camera selection to the final implementation, including the design of the necessary auxiliary elements and the programming and communication of the different components that take part in the project. The robot is part of an assembly cell used with the purpose of teaching in the department of systems and automation engineering of the Bilbao engineering school and should be able to solve the rubik´s cube without interference with the elements that compose it, in addition to maintaining a high level of security. Once the cell distribution is designed, the RobotStudio program will be used to simulate the process. This way it will be verified that the movements and programmed paths are correct and that the robot is capable of carrying them out. Hereunder, the real station will be implemented. For this, the design, 3D printing and assembly of the necessary auxiliary elements will be carried out, which will allow to place the artificial vision camera in position. With the camera fixed in its place, the image processing will be programed using the Matlab tool. Thus obtaining information about the cube necessary to solve it, that is to say, the type of cube we are working with, its position on the table (since the user can deposit it randomly in any position) and the way that the cube its undone (the way the colors of the different pieces that make up the cube faces are positioned). Starting from the information collected from the camera and following on Matlab, an algorithm will be programmed to calculate the movements that will solve any configuration of rubik´s cubes in an efficient way. Done this, a TCP/IP connection will be established between the robot and Matlab through which the movements to be carried out for the resolution of the cube will be sent. Finally, the real robot will be programmed, implementing the movements programmed through the simulator and validating the correct operation of the entire system.","Proiektu honek Yumi robot kolaboratibo batek eta ikusmen artifizialeko kamera batek , 3x3 eta 2x2 rubik kuboak ebazteko osatutatzen duten sistema baten diseinua eta ezarpena deskribatzen du. Proiektuak prozesuaren fase guztiak hartzen ditu, kamera eta robota aukeratzetik, azkenengo ezarpenera arte; beharrezko elementu osagarrien diseinua eta proiektuan parte hartzen duten osagaien programazioa eta komunikazioa barne. Robota Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako Sistemen eta Automatika Sailean irakaskuntzarako erabiltzen den muntaia-zelula baten parte da, eta rubik kuboa konpontzeko gai izan behar du, hura osatzen duten elementuekin interferentziarik sortu gabe, eta segurtasun-maila handia izan maintenduz. Zelularen banaketa diseinatu ondoren, RobotStudio programa erabiliko da prozesua simulatzeko. Horrela, programatutako mugimendu eta ibilbideak zuzenak direla eta robota horiek egiteko gai dela egiaztatuko da. Ondoren, estazio erreala ezarriko da. Horretarako, ikusmen artifizialeko kamera posizioan jartzeko beharrezkoak diren osagarrien 3D diseinua, inprimaketa eta muntaketa egingo da. Kamera finkatuta, irudi-prozesamendua Matlab tresnaren bidez programatuko da. Hartara, kubo horri buruzko informazioa lortuko da, hau da, zer kubo-motarekin lan egiten den, zer posiziotan dagoen mahaian jarrita (erabiltzaileak edozein posiziotan utz baitezake ausaz) eta nola dagoen nahastuta (hau da, kuboaren aurpegiak osatzen dituzten piezen koloreak nola dauden kokatuta). Kamerak emandako informaziotik abiatuta eta Matlab-en jarraituz, rubik kuboa edozein konfiguraziotik modu eraginkorrean ebatziko duen mugimenduak kalkulatzeko algoritmo bat programatuko da. Hori egin ondoren, robotaren eta Matlab-en artean TCP/IP konexio bat ezarriko da, kuboa ebazteko egin beharreko mugimenduak bidaltzeko. Azkenik, robot erreala programatuko da, simulagailuaren bidez programatutako mugimenduak inplementatuz eta sistema osoaren funtzionamendu egokia balidatuz." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19445,2016-10-27,"The present study will explain how the remains which have been generated in a sewage treatment plant could be used as a fuel in order to generate electricity with a Rankine cycle. The typical process of filtration and purification of the dirty water, which takes part in the sewage treatment plant, will also be explained, as well as the physical-chemical characteristics of these remains. Besides, the current alternatives about waste management will also be mentioned. Once the energetic valuation has been chosen, the necessary equipment will be described as well as the thermodynamic calculations. Finally, a investment budget is included as well as a risk study and a task description.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan HUTP batean sorturiko lohien aprobetxamendua ikasiko da erregai moduan Rankine ziklo baten barruan erabiliko den galdara baterako. HUTP batera heltzen diren uren arazketa ohiko prozesua azalduko da, baita hondakin hauek dituzten ezaugarri fisiko kimikoak ere eta erabiltzen ari diren gaur egungo alternatibak bere kudeaketarako. Behin balorizazio energetikoa alternatiba moduan aukeratuta, elektrizitate ekoizpenerako plantarako beharrezkoak diren ekipoak deskribatuko dira baita kalkulu termodinamikoak ere. Amaitzeko, inbertsioaren aurrekontu bat, zereginen analisi bat eta arriskuen analisi bat egingo dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24351,2015,"The article is based on the author’s participation in the round table which took place on 17th July 2015 regarding sexual abuse victimization in the Church and in other institutional contexts. Nevertheless, the author also includes a series of previous remarks and follow-up comments.","Egileak 2015eko uztailaren 17ko mahai-inguruan –Elizan eta bestelako erakundeetan gertatutako sexu-abusuek eragindako biktimizazioari buruzkoa– izandako parte-hartzean oinarritzen da artikulua. Edonola ere, aurretiazko zenbait ohar eta eztabaidaren ondorengo zenbait iruzkin ere gehitu ditu egileak." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36575,2019-11-27,This document presents the design of the printed circuit board (PCB) of a mini-sumo IoT robot prototype as the fundamental part of a hypothetical infrastructure for the realization of a robot competition. The component selection and whole design was made looking for grant the user high customize level and simplicity when programming.,"Dokumentu honek mini-sumo IoT robot baten prototipoaren zirkuitu inprimatuaren (PCB) diseinua aurkezten du, robot lehiaketa hipotetiko baten oinarrizko parte izanez. Komponenteen hautaketa eta diseinu prozesu oro erabiltzaileari ahal den gehienezko egokiera eta programatzean erreztasuna emateko egin da." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62802,2023-10-10,"The study of clouds, hazes and aerosols in a planetary atmosphere involves knowledge of the physics behind radiative transport theory, the analysis of planetary images from which to extract observational data, and the application of computational techniques to work with atmospheric models from such data. This project is focused on the study of clouds and hazes in Neptune's atmosphere. For this purpose, the Elkano library will be used to `navigate' images of Neptune taken by the Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3 instrument within the OPAL program. These images will also be photometrically calibrated so that observational data can be extracted from them. With these extracted data, codes will be prepared to implement the first atmospheric simulations and retrievals of the planet's atmosphere using NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Planetary Spectrum Generator and MultiNest, a Bayesian inference tool.","Planeta-atmosfera bateko hodeiak, lainoak eta aerosolak aztertzeak garraio erradiatiboaren teoriaren atzean dagoen fisikaren ezagutza, behaketa-datuak ateratzeko planeta-irudien analisia eta datu horietatik abiatuta eredu atmosferikoekin lan egiteko teknika konputazionalen aplikazioa barnean hartzen ditu. Lan honen ardatza Neptunoren atmosferako lainoak eta hodeiak aztertzea da. Horretarako, Elkano liburu-denda erabiliko da Hubble Espazio Teleskopioaren Wide Field Camera 3 tresnak hartutako Neptunoren irudiak ""nabigatzeko"", OPAL programaren barruan. Irudi horiek ere fotometrikoki kalibratuko dira, haietatik behaketa-datuak atera ahal izateko. Ateratako datu horiekin NASA Goddard Space Flight Center-en Planetary Spectrum Generator eta inferentzia bayesiarreko MultiNest tresna erabiliz planetako eguratsaren lehen simulazioak eta retrieval atmosferikoak inplementatzen dituzten kodeak prestatuko dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67712,2024-05-07,"In the second decade of the 21st century we live in a multicultural society. For this reason, one of the great current challenges of school is to promote interculturality in order to guarantee a good coexistence. For this, children's literature books in Basque are a very important resource. In this study we wanted to analyze how this multicultural reality is reflected on children’s books during the 1st cycle of primary education in the BAC. With this objective, through a quantitative investigation, we have analyzed, on the one hand, general-themed literature books and, on the other hand, literature books that directly deal with the issue of interculturality. This study concludes that, in general, children's literature books in Basque do not reflect this multicultural reality. Even so, it should be noted that there are very suitable books to promote interculturality, books that in this work have been analyzed and compiled in a recommendation list.","XXI. mendeko 2. hamarkadan gizarte kulturanitz batean bizi gara. Hori dela eta eskolaren egungo erronka handienetako bat kulturartekotasuna sustatzea da, bizikidetza on bat bermatu ahal izateko. Horretarako baliabide garrantzitsuak dira euskarazko haur literaturako (EHL) liburuak. Lan honetan aztertu nahi izan da LHko 1.zikloko haurren irakurgaietan nola islatzen den EAEko egungo errealitatea. Horretarako ikerketa kuantitatibo baten bidez, gai orokorrei buruzko literatur-liburuak eta kulturartekotasunaren gaiarekin zerikusi zuzena dutenak aztertu dira. Bertan ondorioztatu da orokorrean EHLko liburuek ez dutela islatzen errealitate kulturanitz hori. Hala ere, nabarmentzekoa da badirela kulturartekotasuna sustatzeko liburu oso egokiak. Horietako batzuk lan honetan aztergai izan dira eta gomendio zerrenda batean bildu dira." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72603,2025-02-10,"The aim of this research is to know the different views of physical activity and sport (PAS) educators in penitentiary institutions and to analyze the factors that influence and the challenges they face. A qualitative methodology was used, interviews were conducted with four rugby educators from penitentiary institutions. The main results show that PAS training can positively influence their socialization process. However, among the challenges faced by educators, the lack of resources and specialized training stands out. In addition, adequate policies and social supports are necessary for training to be truly effective in social inclusion. Consequently, although there have been advances in the work of PAS educators in penitentiary centers, greater investment and a comprehensive vision are required for the integration of individuals deprived of liberty to be a success.","Ikerketa honen helburua espetxeetan jarduera fisiko eta kirolaren (JFK) hezitzaileen lanak egiten dituzten ikuspegiak ezagutzea eta bertan eragiten dituzten faktoreak eta dituzten erronkak aztertzea da. Metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da, elkarrizketak egin dira espetxeetako errugbiko lau hezitzaileei. Emaitza nagusiek erakusten dute JFK entrenamenduek haien gizarteratze-prozesuan eragin positiboa izan dezaketela. Hala ere, hezitzaileek aurre egin behar dieten erronken artean, baliabide eta prestakuntza espezializatuen falta nabarmena da. Gainera, politika egokiak eta gizarte-laguntzak beharrezkoak dira entrenamenduak benetan eraginkorrak izan daitezen gizarteratzean. Ondorioz, nahiz eta aurrerapenak izan diren JFK hezitzaileen lana espetxeetan, inbertsio handiagoa eta ikuspegi integralagoa behar dira askatasunik gabeko gizabanakoen gizarteratzea arrakastatsua izan dadin. Hizkuntza: Euskara" https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58596,2022-11-29,"The construction of wooden walkways is an option that is gaining popularity when it comes to overcoming obstacles in pedestrian paths, especially those that run through natural or rural areas. This is the case of Artziniega, municipality of Álava that is considering including a wooden bridge as part of a pedestrian walkway that passes through the margin of the Artziniega River. The main objective of this work is to evaluate different structural types of wooden walkways, of which the two most common have been selected (e.g. simple beam; with and without cover) in order to select the most suitable one for the particular case of Artziniega. The methodology used to perform these calculations includes the use of structural calculation programmes (i.e. CYPE), with regard to different criteria: economy, sustainability, logistics, durability, assembly difficulty, maintenance, et cetera. The results point towards two main options, which revolve around the price and durability of the structure: (i) investing less money, being detrimental to durability (i.e. simple beam without cover), or (ii) investing more money, gaining in durability (i.e. cross beam with cover). In conclusion, all the options proposed in this project are appropriate for Artziniega's situation from a structural point of view, as indicated by calculations. In any case, it should be stressed that these calculations are adapted to the demographics and conditions of the locality concerned, which means that they may not be suitable for any other practical case.","Zurezko pasabideak egitea gero eta garrantzitsuagoa da oinezkoentzako bideetan oztopoak gainditzerako orduan, batez ere natura- edo landa-eremuetan. Hori da Artziniegako kasua, Arabako udalerria non Artziniega ibaiaren ertzetik igarotzen den oinezkoentzako pasealeku baten zati gisa zurezko zubi bat sartzeko asmoa dagoen. Lan honen helburu nagusia zurezko pasabideen egitura motak ebaluatzea da, zeinetatik ohikoenak diren bi aukeratu dira (e.g. habe sinplea eta sareta; estalkiarekin eta estalkirik gabe), Artziniegako kasu partikularrerako egokiena dena aurkitzeko asmoarekin. Kalkulu horiek egiteko erabilitako metodologiak barne hartzen du egiturak kalkulatzeko programak erabiltzea (i.e. CYPE), hainbat irizpideri adituz: ekonomia, jasangarritasuna, logistika, iraunkortasuna, muntatzeko zailtasuna, mantentze-lanak, etab. Emaitzen arabera, bi aukera nagusi daude, egituraren prezioaren eta iraupenaren inguruan: (i) diru gutxiago inbertitzea, iraunkortasunari kalte eginez (i.e. estalkirik gabeko habe sinplea), edo (ii) diru gehiago inbertitzea, iraunkortasunean irabaziz (i.e. estalkiko sareta). Ondorioz, planteatzen diren aukera guztiak egokiak dira Artziniegaren egoerarako egituraren ikuspuntutik, kalkuluek adierazten duten bezala. Nolanahi ere, azpimarratu behar da kalkulu horiek herri horretako demografiari eta baldintzei egokituta daudela, eta horrek esan nahi du hauek agian ez direla egokiak beste edozein kasu praktikotarako." https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36857,2019-12-12,"English: The final degree project presented in this document is based on a communications module and a peripherial module that are part of a distributed home automation system designed for the Domus Project. This paper shows the description of the designing process of a module that is able to supply power to every component of the final system and monitoring the communication among the different modules of the system by creating a simple and modular communication protocol. Moreover, the development of a peripherial module that provides the final system the ability to reproduce sound is presented. The final product is characterized by its intercommunication service among the different modules that define the system. Thanks to its modular design, it can be applied to a large amount of devices with different means of communication without being a great deal so it is considered to be a project with sight into future’s potential improvements to equip into the system in a simple and economic way.","Euskera: Dokumentu honetan aurkeztutako gradu amaierako lana Domus Proiektuaren bidez diseinatutako sistema domotiko banatuta osatzen duten komunikazioen mo- dulu batean eta periferikoen modulu batean oinarritzen da. Dokumentu honetan modulu baten sistemako osagai guztiei elikatze-tentsioaz hornitzeko gaitasuna eta sistemako moduluen arteko komunikazioaren kontrola ezartzeko komunikazio pro- tolo erraz eta modular baten garapenaren prozesuaren deskribapena erakusten da. Soinua erreproduzitzeko gaitasunaz azkeneko sistemari hornitzen duen Periferi- koen modulu baten garapena azaltzen da gainera. Azkeneko produktuak sistema osatzen duten modulu ezberdinen arteko interkomunikazioaren zerbitzua du ezau- garri. Diseinu modularrari esker, komunikabide ezberdinak erabiltzen dituzten dis- positibo askotan aplikatu ahal da lan nagusirik suposatu gabe. Etorkizuneko hobe- kuntza potentzialak kontsideratzen dituen proiektua da hau. Horrez gain, sistemari funtzionaltasun gehiagoz hornitzeko ahalmena dauka modu erraz eta ekonomiko batean."