url,date,en_abstract,eu_abstract
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36546,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the present project belongs to the field of grinding, more specifically to cylindrical grinding. Its main objective is studying the possibility of grindig without using a lathe dog, which has certain drawbacks. This way, it is expected to identify the process limitations where the use of the lathe dog is necessary. Specific material-removal rate Q’w will be used as the representative parameter for these limits, since it is a good indicator of the aggressiveness of the process.
In the first place, a theorical study of the torque transmited in the contact between the center and the workpiece is carried out. In order to achieve this, the geometry of the contact will be analysed. Later, the maximmun specific material-removal rate which generates the limitant torque previusly mentioned, will be calculated. At this point, the workpiece slides instead of rotating simultaneously with the center.
Finally, experimental tests will be carried out in a cylindrical grinder. The conditions of the tests, will be similar to the theoretically calculated as limitants. So as to, find the real maximmun value of the specific material-removal rate in different processes, and to compare the results with the theoretical calculus done.","Laburpena: lan hau artezketari buruzkoa da, artezketa zilindrikoari buruzkoa, hain zuzen ere. Honen helburua, pieza puntuen artean muturretatik lotua artezketzea da, arrasteko txakurra erabili gabe. Horrela, arrasteko txakurra beharrezkoa egiten duten prozesuaren limitazioak aurkitzea espero da, txakurrak zenbait eragozpen dituelako. Aipatutako limitazioak ezartzeko, txirbil jario espezifikoa Q’w erabiliko da, prozesuaren agresibitatearen adierazle ona baita.
Lehenik eta behin, puntuaren eta piezaren arteko kontaktuan sortutako arrastreko parea kalkulatzen duen azterketa teoriko bat egiten da. Horretarako, piezaren euskarrien analisi bat egin beharko da, piezaren eta puntuaren arteko kontaktuaren geometria erreala ezagutzeko. Ondoren, aztertutako prosezuentzat kalkulatutako arrasteko parea gainditzen duen Q’w parametroaren gehienezko balorea kalkulatzen da. Momentu honetan, piezak puntuaren gainazalean irrist egingo du, piezaren abiadura linealaren kontrola galtzen.
Azkenik, teorikoki kalkulatutako balioaren inguruan, artezketa zilindriko entseguen ebaketa baldintzak ezarriko dira. Horrela, alde batetik, piezak irrist egingo barik Q’w parametroaren gehienezko balioa aurkitzea espero da eta, bestetik, teorikoki kalkulatutako arrastreko parea egiaztatzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36709,2019-12-04,"Modular multi-storey buildings are one of the new developing building strategies that have become relevant these past 20 years. Several technologies in the manufacture, building and design have made new opportunities arise. CNC for automated manufacturing of building elements, or the Building Information Modelling (BIM) for the overall construction process and life cycle are among the most important ones.	
However, due to the recentness and small numbers of buildings constructed with this method to the date, there is an absence of detailed scientific research or case studies that investigate the different aspects of modular buildings and weighs them against traditional stick-up built constructions. 
This thesis will develop a study of modular buildings overviewing past researches in different fields of the building construction such as the design process, the structure or the sustainability aspect. On the structural regard a study using Strand7 computational software will be carried out, modifying an initial multi-storey model of a fully modular construction system.  The results of these analysis are critically evaluated in order to present a better understanding of the behaviour of multi-storey modular buildings.
This research provides a preliminary knowledge-base for the construction of modular multi-storey buildings and understands how the whole building process is developed and the decision-making throughout it, from the design and manufacturing to the performance and disassembling.","Ale modularren bitartez eraikitako solairu ugariko eraikinak azken urteetan gehien garatu diren estrategietako bat da. Teknologia ugari garatu dira azken urte hauetan bai fabrikazio bai erikuntza eta diseinuan, adibidez CNC fabrikazio automatizatua, edo Building Information Modelling (BIM). Azken honek eraikuntza prozesu osoan zehar, diseinutik azken desmuntairarte, balio handikoa da. Teknologia hauen bitartez eraikuntza modularrari buruzko ideien garapena lortu da.
Hala ere, denbora gutxi igaro da sistema berri hauen bilakaeratik, eta ez dira ohikoak oraindik. Hori dela eta momenturarte egin den ikerketa eskasa da, eta analitikoki eraikuntza konbentzionalekin konparatzen dituen datuak falta dira eraikuntza industriak sistema berri hau berea egiteko.
Master amaierako lan honen bitartez eraikuntza modularraren ikerketa bat egingo da, solairu ugariko eraikuntzetan zehazki. Azken hauek erronka handiak aurkezten dituzte batez ere albo-indarren aurkako mekanismoetan, baina baita ustiatzeko prest  dauden abantaila handiak. Horretarako lehendik arlo ugaritan egin diren ikerketen errebisio bat gauzatuko da, hala nola, diseinuan, eraikuntza prozesuan, egitura eta ingurumen  jasangarritasunean. Egiturari dagokionez sei solairuko adibide baten analisi zehatza egingo da Strand7 software-aren bitartez, ondoren emaitzak aztertzeko asmoz.
Ikerketa honen bidez solairu ugariko eraikuntza modularraren oinarrizko ezagutza bat lor daiteke, diseinu prozesutik hasiz bizitza ziklo osoan zehar eukiko duen portaera ulertzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36819,2019-12-12,"Inglés: Power Line Communications (PLC) is a technology that uses the electrical network as a means of communication. Although the advantages are diverse, for example, that the network is fully deployed, the unwanted emissions introduced by the equipment connected to it, together with the changing impedance of the medium, can considerably degrade our communications. Therefore, in this paper, we analyze the impact of channel effects on Narrowband PLC according to the PRIME standard. To this end, four EMC filters have been selected with a known impedance frequency response. The objective is achieved, on the one hand, by analyzing the attenuation introduced by the filters and, on the other, by the degradation of the FER versus SNR curves in the different channels of the standard. The latter allows us to study the differences between the frequency ranges currently assigned in Europe and the higher frequency bands.","Euskera: Power Line Communications (PLC) sare elektrikoa komunikabide gisa erabiltzen duen teknologia da. Nahiz eta abantailak ugariak izan, sarea erabat zabalduta egotea, esate baterako, konektatutako ekipoek sartu nahi ez dituzten emisioek, inguruaren inpedantzia aldakorrarekin batera, gure komunikazioak nabarmen honda ditzakete. Horregatik, lan honek kanal-efektuek Narrowband PLCn duten eragina aztertzea du helburu, PRIME estandarraren arabera. Horretarako, lau EMC iragazki hautatu dira, inpedantziaren maiztasun–erantzuna ezagunarekin. Proiektuaren helburua, batetik, iragazkiek eragindako arintzea aztertuz, eta bestetik, estandarraren kanal guztietan FER bihurguneak degradatuz, lortuko da. Azken horrek aukera emango du, gaur egun Europan esleituta dauden maiztasun-banda eta banda nagusien artean dauden desberdintasunak aztertzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16337,2015-12-03,"Study of the line rating of La Sia wind farm evacuation line applying dynamic
conditions method rather than a static conditions method. Studying and comparing the
results,a possible extension will be evaluated.","La Sía parke eolikoaren energia garraio gaitasunaren ikerketa kalkulu metodo 
aldakorren bitartez, metodo estatiko eta konstanteekin alderatuz. Parkearen gaitasuna
handitzea erabakiko da,lortutako emaitzen ikerketa eta konparaketaren bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20321,2017-01-12,"In the following work it is presented an alternative proposal for the storage of surplus solar energy in an isolated area. After a revision of the state of the art, it has been chosen a proposal that consists on the combination of several components. This system is composed by a series of photovoltaic panels and an energy storage equipment, so that electrical energy can be guaranteed during the 24 hours of the day. An analysis of different alternatives will be done in order to get the best option. Finally, the proposal presented will be able to store the enough amount of energy generated by the photovoltaic panels in order to provide a complete energetic autonomy to the isolated area studied, just using the natural sources available, such as solar energy.","Jarraian aurkezten den gradu amaierako lan honetan, eguzki energiaren soberakinak toki isolatuetan, biltegiratzeko aukeren proposamena ikertzen da. Iturri bibliografiko ugari aztertu ondoren, eguzki-plakaz osatutako eta energia biltegiratzeko tresneria proposatzen da, energia elektrikoa 24 orduetan zehar ziurtatzeko. Horretarako, aukera ezberdinen analisia egiten da ahalik eta emaitza eraginkorrenak lortzeko. Azken proposamena eguzkia-plakek sortutako soberakin energetikoa biltegiratzeko gai izango da eta ondorioz lurralde horretako biztanleek independentzia energetikoaz gozatzeko aukera izango dute, eskura dituzten baliabide naturalak soilik aprobetxatuz, kasu honetan, eguzkiak eskaintzen duen energia erabiliz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72980,2025-03-05,"In 2024, global tensions persist, with conflicts such as those in Gaza and Ukraine
continuing to impact the transportation and availability of crude oil. This reinforces the
urgency of developing efficient and reliable marine renewable energy sources. As the
transition to sustainable energy accelerates, ocean-based renewables present a largely
untapped opportunity to transform the global energy landscape. Research on ocean
energy control applications remains crucial to enhancing efficiency and reliability,
making these systems more cost-effective and competitive with other energy sources.
Technological advancements in this field could lead to new ocean energy technologies
and strategies, expanding the range of harnessable resources.
WWME originated as an initiative linked to projects PID2021-123543OB-C21 /
PID2021-123543OB-C22, led by the ISCAR group at the Complutense University of
Madrid (http://www.floatingwindturbineucm.com) and the Automatic Control Group
at UPV/EHU (https://www.ehu.eus/en/web/acg/ikerketa). In a short time, it has
evolved into an annual platform for presenting, discussing, and disseminating the latest
developments and key findings in ocean energy research and education. It serves as a
unique forum where multidisciplinary experts, academics, and industry professionals
converge to exchange knowledge, tackle major challenges, and explore new
opportunities. Other stakeholders benefit from deeper insights into the potential and
challenges of wind and marine energy.","2024an, mundu mailako tentsioek bere horretan diraute, Gaza eta Ukrainakoak
bezalako gatazkek petrolio gordinaren garraioan eta eskuragarritasunean eragina
izaten jarraitzen baitute. Horrek itsas energia berriztagarrien iturri eraginkor eta
fidagarriak garatzeko premia indartzen du. Energia iraunkorrerako trantsizioa
bizkortzen den heinean, ozeanoetan oinarritutako berriztagarriek energia-paisaia
globala eraldatzeko neurri handi batean aprobetxatu gabeko aukera dute.
Ozeanoen energia kontrolatzeko aplikazioen ikerketa funtsezkoa da oraindik
eraginkortasuna eta fidagarritasuna hobetzeko, sistema horiek errentagarriagoak
eta lehiakorragoak izan daitezen beste energia-iturri batzuekin. Arlo honetako
aurrerapen teknologikoek ozeanoko energiaren teknologia eta estrategia berriak
ekar litzakete, aprobetxa daitezkeen baliabideen sorta zabalduz.
WWME bertoko ekimen gisa sortu da, PID2021-123543OB-C21 / PID2021-
123543OB-C22 proiektuei lotuta, Madrilgo Unibertsitate Conplutenseko ISCAR
(http://www.floatingwindturbineucm.com) eta UPV/EHUko Kontrol
Automatikoko Taldea (https://www.ehu.eus/eu/web/acg/ikerketa) ikerketa taldeen
eskutik. Epe laburrean, jardunaldia gune arrakastatsu bihurtu da: han aurkezten,
eztabaidatzen eta zabaltzen dira ikerkuntza eta hezkuntza arloei dagozkien energia
ozeanikoaren aplikazioen azken garapen eta emaitza garrantzitsuenak.
Jardunaldiak, arloko diziplina desberdineko adituak, akademiko zein
profesionalak, biltzeko aukera eskaintzen du. Hor, sektorean sortutako azken
garapenari buruzko esperientziak truka daitezke eta agertzen diren arazo nagusiei
aurre egiteko konponbideak azter eta eztabaida daitezke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25007,2007,"The legal protection of intellectual and industrial property rights needs not only a good substantive regulation but also a correct procedural regulation, because an inadequate protection of these rights can make useless any substantive measure, however good it may be. The present work focuses on the penal issues, emphasizing the procedural problems that arise in relation to the penal protection of intellectual property and regarding issues as legitimation, setting the appropriate procedure, proceedings and civil prejudicial questions, as well as concerning evidence.","Jabetza intelektual eta industrialaren eskubideen babes juridikoak erregulazio nabarmena behar du, baita prozesuko erregulazioa ere, zeren eta eskubide hauen babes desegokiak edozein aurreikuspen hutsala bihurtzen du, bikaina izanik ere. Lan hau ordena penalean zentratzen da, legitimazio arloan arazoak eta espezialitate prozesalak nabarmenduz baita prozedura egokiak ere, instrukzio eginbideak eta zibil arloko aurrejudizialtasunak eta frogen eremuan, jabetza intelektual eta industrialaren babes penala."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27338,1998,"The alternative measures and the systems of mediation and conciliation facilitate the process of
recuperationof condemned people and permit to offer some type of satisfaction to the victims. Now well, the
existence of infractions affects seriously the individual and collective interest; prisons must be assumed as an
indispensable exigency. There is not to forget to the people who suffer in prison, it’s necessary to guarantee
the material and moral conditions and the respect to the human dignity, so by those who are private of liberty
as by the penitentiary agents.","Neurri alternatiboak eta bitartekotasun eta arartekotasun sistemek, pertsona zigortuen
errekuperazio prozesua errazten dute eta kaltetuei nolabaiteko ordainketa eskeintzen diete. Hala ere, interes
pertsonal eta kolektiboak gaitzesten dituzten lege-hausteak daudenez, gartzelak ezinbesteko neurri bezala
onartu behar dira. Baina, arrazoi horregatik, ezin dira gartzelan sufritzen ari diren pertsonak ahaztu, eta
ezinbestekoa da beraz giza duintasunaren begirunerako baldintza material eta moralak babestea, bai gartzela
zigorra jasaten ari direnenak baita baitegi-ordezkarienak ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25507,1997,"During the penal process, the almost nonexixtent legislation respect to the protection to the victims
of the crime reaffirmes the need for the defense of the legitimated interest must be objetc of protection
by the judge. In practice, it can be noted that the consideration towards the autor of the offence and his rights
it’s superior of those of the victims, even if it’s an essential duty that both sides have the same protection.
That’s why there is to work so that the victims of an infraction are not also victims of Justice.","Delituen biktimak babesteko legeria oso urria da zigor prozesuan zehar eta, beraz, argi dago
epaileek horien legezko interesen defentsan aritu behar dutela. Egineran froga daiteke delitugileari eskaintzen
zaion arreta, dagozkion eskubideekin erkatuta, biktimari eskaintzen zaiona baino handiagoa dela, funtsezkoa
litzatekeenean batak eta besteak babes maila bera izatea. Horregatik guztiagatik urratze baten biktimak
Justiziaren biltimak izan ez daitezen borrokatu behar da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36860,2019-12-12,"The  main  goal  of  this  Project is  to  calculate  working  parameters  and  load conditions of a parallel-operating power transformer group. To this end, a Matlab-based software appwas developed, which allows the calculation of these parameters based on data  previously  introduced  by  the  user,  such  as  data  from  the  power  grid  and characteristic design parameters of the connected transformers.","Lan    honen    helburu    nagusia    paraleloan    akoplaturiko    potentzia transformadore  talde  baten  funtzionamenduaren  parametroak  kalkulatzea  eta  hauen karga  baldintzak  lortzea da.  Horretarako  Matlab-en  oinarriturikosoftware  aplikaziobat garatu  da, parametro  hauek  kalkulatzea  ahalbidetzen  duena,  aurretikerabiltzaileak sarturiko informazioaz baliatuz; sarearen datuez eta transformadore akoplatuen diseinu datuez, besteak beste."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36554,2019-11-27,"Abstract: over the last years, an uncontrolled emission of the greenhouse effect gases has notoriously increased the effects of the climate change. Nowadays, the most relevant consequence is the rise of the average temperature of the planet. But there are also other
consequences, namely, the reduction on the quality of the air, producing drought, floods
and pole thawing. This problem has to be faced worldwide and this is why it has been
made a stricter control of the emission for those gases. Currently, internal combustion
vehicles are the responsible of the 75% of transport emissions. For this reason, the electrification of the vehicles has become a relevant topic for the scientist community, targeting
the production of zero-emission vehicles.
The reasons to opt in favour of the electrification of the transport are the considerable advantages that the electric vehicles offer comparing them with the combustion ones.
However, it is the autonomy the most important disadvantage of the electric transport.
For this reason, more research has to be done in order to improve its efficiency. Being the
propulsion-system the main element of the vehicle, it is essential to focus on it. Firstly,
it is important to have the chance to simulate it before building the physic prototype,
that way, failures and characteristics of the model could be analysed.
In this project a complete model of a propulsion-system has been integrated in real
time for the APERT research team so that it would be valuable for succesive research
works. An OP4510 platform of OPAL-RT has been used to develop the model. This tool
will allow the analysis of the control, the efficiency and the loses of the model in long
driving-cycles.","Laburpena: azkenengo urteetan atmosferara egindako kontrolik gabeko isuriek aldaketa klimatikoa
 areagotu dute. Horren efektuak nabariak dira gaur egun, planetaren batezbesteko tenperatura
 igo egin baita, eta honek eragiten dituen ondorioak inoiz baino gehiago antzematen
 dira, airearen kalitatea murriztuz eta, bestetik, lehorteak, uholdeak zein poloen desizozteak
 eraginez. Arazo honen aurrean, mundu-mailan atmosferara isuritako negutegigasen
 kontrola handitu da. Gaur egun, errepideko garraioa (barne-errekuntzako ibilgailuak)
 garraio sektorearen negutegi efektuko emisioen % 75aren arduraduna da. Sortu
 den kontzientzia hau dela bide, ibilgailuen elektri kazioak interes handia sortu du komunitate
 zienti koan. Zero emisiodun automobilak garatzea da gaur egun helburu.
 Konbustiozkoekin konparatuz, abantaila ugari eskaintzen dituzte ibilgailu elektrikoek.
 Hala ere, autonomia da ibilgailu horiek daukaten desabantailarik esanguratsuena. Propultsio-
 sistema ibilgailu elektrikoen osagai nagusia dela jakinda, abia-puntu moduan, horren
 eraginkortasuna hobetzeko soluzioak ikertu behar dira. Horretarako, garrantzitsua
 da horien simulazio-modeloak diseinatzea, hutsegiteak eta sistemaren ezaugarriak
 ongi aztertzeko proputsio-sistemen prototipo sikoak eraiki aurretik. Hori guztia ahalbidetzeko,
 lan honetan APERT ikerkuntza-taldearentzat baliagarria izango den ibilgailu
 elektriko baten propultsio-sistemaren denbora errealeko modeloa martxan jarri da. Horretarako,
 Opal-RTren RT-Lab plataforma erabili da. Plataforma horren bidez, potentziasistemaren
 kontrola, errendimendua eta galerak aztertu ahal izango dira gida-ziklo luzeetan
 zehar denbora errealean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60043,2023-02-22,"The Perseverance rover landed on the Red Planet on February 18, 2021, initiating a Mars exploration mission in which it will collect the first samples to be brought back to Earth from the red planet in several years by a new space mission. Among its many instruments Perseverance has two microphones for studying the arrival and landing on Mars. Additionally, it captures sounds of the rover in operation, wind and other environmental noises.
The way many things sound on Earth is slightly different on the Red Planet. This is because its atmosphere is about 100 times less dense than Earth's atmosphere at the surface and has a different composition than ours, which affects sound propagation.
This paper presents an analysis of the sounds obtained, carried out using a Neural Network. The objective is to develop a system capable of autonomously classifying the sounds of Mars by identifying wind gusts and artificial sounds, such as those emitted by the flight of the small Ingenuity helicopter on Mars. The Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST), a Deep Neural Network (DNN) for audio classification, has been used to classify the different sounds. Using public data from the SCAM MIC microphone, 9 sound classes have been defined. After training the neural network it classifies the available sounds with a high degree of accuracy.","2021eko otsailaren 18an, Perseverance roverra Planeta Gorrian lurreratu zen, eta Marteko esplorazio-misio bati ekin zion. Misio espazial berri honek planeta gorriaren lehen laginak bilduko ditu, urte batzuk barru Lurrera ekartzeko. Perseverancek bere instrumentu ugarien artean bi mikrofono ditu Martera iritsi eta bertan lurreratzeko, roverraren eta haizearen soinuak eta inguruneko beste zarata batzuk aztertzeko. 
Planeta Gorrian gauzak ezberdin entzuten dira Lurrarekin alderatuz. Hori gertatzen da bere atmosferak Lurraren atmosferak baino 100 aldiz dentsitate txikiagoa duelako gainazalean eta gureaz bestelako konposizioa duelako, soinuaren transmisioari eragiten diona.
Lan honek lortutako soinuen analisia aurkezten du, Neurona-Sare baten bidez egina. Helburua da Marteko soinuak modu automatikoan sailkatzeko gai den sistema bat garatzea, haize-boladak eta soinu artifizialak identifikatuz, eta baita Ingenuity helikopterok Marten egindako hegaldiak. Soinu desberdinak sailkatzeko, Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST) erabili da, neurona-sare sakon (Deep Neural Network, DNN) bat. SCAM MIC mikrofonoaren datu publikoak erabiliz, 9 soinu klase definitu dira. Sare neuronala entrenatu ondoren, honek doitasun handiz sailkatzen ditu eskuragarri dauden soinuak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16494,2015-12-16,"In this EOG work a study is introduced about the different methodologies for the estimation of Internet access speed. In the study, the methodologies of the most used tools are not only analysed, but also the main influential factors are taken into account by examining their global effect on the results.
The results of this study will allow the various stakeholders to have information for the development of their own tools. In addition, the conclusions of the study could lead, to the standardization of a unified methodology in the future, by international institutions of the sector, which will allow the comparatives of the data as well as the verification of the service level agreements of interest for users, operators and regulators.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan Interneteko sarbide-abiadura balioztatzeko metodologia ezberdinei buruzko ikerketa aurkezten da. Ikerketan ez dira bakarrik metodologia zabalduenen erremintak aztertzen, baita metodologietan eragina duten faktore nagusiak ere kontuan hartzen dira lortutako emaitzetan izan duten efektu globala ikertuz.
Ikerlan honetako emaitzei esker interes-talde ezberdinek informazio interesgarria erabili ahal izango dute haien berezko errimentak garatzeko. Horrez gain, ikerlanaren konklusioek sektoreko nazioarteko erakundeak metodologia bateratu baten estandarizaziora eraman ditzakete etorkizunean. Metodologia horri esker erabiltzaile, operadore eta arauzko erakundeentzat interesgarriak izan daitezken datuen konparatibak eta zerbitzumailako akordioen egiaztapena egin ahal izango litzateke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58461,2022-11-21,"Violence against women is the most brutal symbol of gender inequalities in our society, and there are several elements that cause and perpetuate such inequalities, for instance, the financial system. Therefore, the aim here will be to try to analyse the impact that financial systems have on gender inequalities, regarding both, budget and tax measures.","Emakumeen aurkako indarkeria gure gizartean dagoen desberdintasunaren sinbolorik itzelena dugu, eta desberdintasun hori eragiten edo iraunarazten duten eragile ezberdinak ditugu, hala nola, zerga-sistema. Horregatik lan honek finantza zuzenbideak emakumeen eta gizonen arteko desberdinkeriari nola eragin diezaiokeen aztertzea du, aurrekontu neurrietan bai eta zerga-bilketan ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59966,2023-02-20,"Taking as a reference some of the contemporary critical pedagogies aimed at responding to the social demands and needs arising from the changes that have taken place in postmodernity or liquid modernity, the main objective of this end-of-degree dissertation is to highlight the possible contributions of these pedagogies to Social Education, with the ultimate aim of contributing to a possible improvement of professional action. To this end, we have resorted to the methodology of systematic enquiry, based on bibliographical research. In the course of the work, the need to create new, freer, more egalitarian, and democratic social contexts is shown, to which Social Education can contribute from the problematising questioning and the projection of socio-educational actions with a critical perspective.
(Inglés)","Postmodernitatean edo modernitate likidoan gertatutako aldaketek sortutako gizarte-eskaerei eta -premiei erantzutera bideratutako pedagogia kritiko garaikideetako batzuk erreferentziatzat hartuta, gradu-amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia pedagogia horiek Gizarte Hezkuntzan egin ditzaketen ekarpenei balioa ematea da, lanbide-ekintza hobetzen laguntzeko. Horretarako, ikerketa sistematikoaren metodologiara jo da, ikerketa bibliografikoan oinarrituta. Lanean zehar, gizarte-testuinguru askeagoak, berdintasunezkoagoak eta demokratikoagoak sortzeko beharra erakusten da, eta gizarte-hezkuntzak testuinguru horiei lagundu diezaieke, azterketa problematizatzaileen bidez eta ikuspegi kritikoa duten gizarte- eta hezkuntza-ekintzak proiektatuz.
(Euskera)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36514,2019-11-27,"Currently, music software tools focus on markets such as music producers or composers and do not follow a standard design . The drawback of this is that currently there are no tools for learning musical acoustics having to resort to previous software as the only alternative. We will study and experiment thº audio software, collecting information. The design of the graphical interface and coding of the functionality of a software aimed at the teaching of musical acoustics is carried out. This will be possible thanks to computer advances and free software.","Gaur egun, musika softwarearen tresnak musika ekoizleak edo musikagileak bezalako merkatuetan oinarritzen dira eta ez dute diseinu estandarra jarraitzen. Horren desabantaila da gaur egun musika akustika ikasteko tresnarik ez dagoela; beraz, aurreko softwarea alternatiba bakarra bezala erabili behar da. Audio-softwarea aztertuko da, informazioa biltzeko. Interfaze grafikoaren diseinua eta musika akustika irakasten duten softwarearen funtzionalitateen kodeketa burutuko da.
 Hau posible izango da ordenagailuaren aurrerapenak eta doako softwareari esker."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41379,2020-02-20,"It is obvious that, in today's society, gender diversity is becoming more and more visible, although it is evident that groups that are outside the norm continue to be discriminated, and this discrimination is often transferred to school areas. Thus, as transsexuality is not addressed in the education system, a didactic proposal on the subject is presented, since throughout the document it will be treated as a powerful tool to confront this educational situation. In order to approach the reality of transsexuality and show empathy and respect for the subject, a didactic proposal has been designed which is based on 13 sessions dedicated to the sixth grade of Primary Education.","Begi-bistan dago gaur eguneko gizartean genero aniztasuna gero eta ikusgarriagoa dela, hala ere, normatibatik at gelditzen diren talde hauek oraindik ere diskriminazioa jasaten dute eta sarritan, diskriminazio hau eskola eremuetara transferitzen da. Horretarako, transexualitatea hezkuntza sisteman lantzen ez den heinean, gaiaren inguruko proposamen didaktikoa egitea erabaki da, izan ere, dokumentu osoan zehar, hezkuntza egoerari aurre egiteko tresna sendo moduan tratatua izango da. Transexualitatearen errealitatea ikasgeletara hurbiltzeko eta gaiarekiko enpatia eta errespetua erakustearen helburuarekin, Lehen Hezkuntza seigarren mailara bideratutako 13 saioz osotuta dagoen proposamen didaktikoa sortu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67698,2024-05-07,"Students spend many hours a week at school and that is why it is very important to
organize all school spaces coherently and taking the school project into account. The
playground is a very important space within the school area. Here, students have the
opportunity to act in a freer way, socialize in a more natural way with the rest of the students
and continue exploring their world. In addition, recess provides important academic and
cognitive benefits for students. Different studies indicate that nature-related playgrounds
generate many benefits and make recess even more beneficial for students. In spite of this, in
most schools the playgrounds are very traditional and are usually cement pavements with
sports infrastructures.
In Ibai Ikastola we can find a clear example of this. The playgrounds are made of
cement pavements and most of them are designed to play soccer and basketball. In addition,
although Ibai Ikastola is located on a hill, they take the students away from the natural
environment. On the other hand, Ibai Ikastola uses a special system for recess hours; on
Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays balls cannot be used in the playground, on Tuesday
students play soccer and on Thursday students are allowed to use a ball to play a game other
than soccer.
For the analysis of the playground and recess at Ibai Ikastola, two main instruments
have been used; individualized interviews with the students and a series of observations made
during recess that have been collected in a record sheet. After analyzing all this data, it can be
said that the Ibai Ikastola playgrounds are too traditional and need a renovation, bringing the
students closer to the natural environment. In addition, the system used by Ibai Ikastola does
not bring benefits and students should have more freedom","Ikasleek astean ordu asko pasatzen dituzte eskolan eta horregatik oso garrantzitsua da
eskolako espazio guztiak koherentziaz eta eskolako proiektua kontuan hartuta antolatzea.
Ikasleentzako oso garrantzitsua den espazio bat patioa da, bertan modu askeago batean
aritzeko, gainontzeko ikasleekin modu libreago batean sozializatzeko eta haien mundua
esploratzen jarraitzeko aukera aparta dute. Gainera, jolas-orduak alderdi akademiko eta
kognitiboan onura handiak ekartzen ditu ikasleentzat ere. Ikerketa desberdinek diote,
naturarekin erlazioa duten patioek onura asko sortzen dituztela ikasleengan eta jolas-orduak
are eta onuragarriagoak bilakatzen dituztela ikasleentzako. Hala eta guztiz ere, eskola
gehienetan patioak oso tradizionalak dira eta kirol azpiegiturekin osatutako zementuzko
zoladurak izan ohi dira.
Ibai Ikastolan honen adibide garbi bat aurki dezakegu. Patioak zementuzko zoladuraz
osaturik daude eta hauen gehiengoak futbolera eta saskibaloira jolasteko daude pentsatuak.
Gainera, Ibai Ikastola mendixka batean kokatuta dagoen arren ikasleak ingurune naturaletik
urruntzen ditu. Horretaz gain, Ibai Ikastolak sistema berezi bat erabiltzen du
jolas-orduetarako; astelehen, asteazken eta ostiraletan ezin da baloia erabili, asteartean
futbolera jolasteko eguna dute eta ostegunean baloira jolasteko eguna baina futbola ez den
jolas batean aritzeko.
Ibai Ikastolako patioaren eta jolas-orduaren analisia egiteko bi instrumentu nagusi
erabili dira; ikasleekin banan-banan egin den elkarrizketa bat eta jolas-orduan zehar egin
diren behaketa batzuen bitartez, erregistro orri batean jaso direnak. Guzti hau aztertu
ondoren, esan dezakegu Ibai Ikastolako patioak tradizionalegiak direla eta berrikuntza bat
behar dutela, ikasleak ingurune naturalera gerturatuz. Gainea, Ibai Ikastolak erabiltzen duen
sistemak ez ditu onurarik ekartzen eta ikasleak modu askeago batean ibili beharko lukete"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29229,2018-10-23,"The footbridges are basically structures designed to stand low stresses. Because of that, they can afford many different shapes and geometries, adapting to many situations.
So, it will be a very appropriate solution when there is a big displacement of people, especially child, crossing a high traffic level road.
From the many possible solutions, there has been projected one formed by soldered beams, sending the forces onto the pylons, which transfer them to the foundation in contact with the ground, where they get neutralized and vanish.
Also, the footbridge must integrate with the urban formality. This can become a condition in a structure as singular as a footbridge, adding some complexity to the structure.
The aim of this project is to state the design of a footbridge tha connects the Ballonti high school, the Pando Aisia sports center and the Ganerantz multisport park, fulfilling all the statements of the CTE as well as any other possible normative applied to the project.","Oinezkoentzako zaldainak orokorrean karga txikiak jasateko pentsatzen dira. Hori dela medio, forma eta geometria oso desberdinak eman ahal zaizkie, behar oso desberdinak betez. Hortaz, ebazpen oso egokia izango da pertsonen eta bereziki umeen igarotze handiko eremu batean non trafiko altuko errepidea kokatzen den.
   Soluzio posibleen artean, habe bidezkoa proiektatu da, kargak haien artean soldatutako habeen bidez pilareetara transmititzeko eta hauetatik zimenduetara, zein lurzoruarekin kontaktuan kargak neutralizatu eta desagertzen diren.
   Baita ere beharrezko izango da zaldaina herri inguruan integratzea, zein zaldain bat bezalako egitura berezietan beste kondizionatzailea izan daitekeen, zaldainari konplexutasuna emanez.
   Proiektu honen helburua izango da Ballonti ikastetxea, Pando Aisia polikiroldegia eta Ganerantz multikirol parkea lotzen dituen zaldainaren diseinua planteatzea, CTE-ren eta beharrezko den beste edozein araudiren baldintzak betez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20867,2017-03-06,"The aim of this project is to study the economical and technical viability of the implantation of a mechanical workshop and its complementary services. It includes a detailed description of the plant where this commercial activity is going to take place. In addition to that, topics as the structure of the building, the materials that are going to be used for the edification and the initial investments must to be carefully studied in order to make the most accurate estimations of the initial investment. At last, the expected incomes and outgoings are going to be calculated so as to determine an analysis of the investment with the Payback, NPV and IRR indicators.","Proiektu honen xedea, ibilgailuak erreparatzeko tailer mekaniko baten konponketa eta mantenua, eta honen zerbitzu osagarrien inplementazioaren bideragarritasun tekniko eta finantzarioa aztertzea da. Horretarako, ekintza komertziala burutuko den planta industrialaren deskribapen zehatza azaltzen da . Honetaz gain, eraikinaren egiturari, egituran erabiliko diren materialei eta hasierako inbertsioei dagozkien gaiak xehetasunez aztertuko dira, egin beharko diren inbertsioen estimazioak burutu ahal izateko. Amaitzeko, diru-sarreren eta gastuen gutxi gorabeherako aurrekontua estimatuko da Payback, VAN eta TIR adierazleen bidez, inbertsioaren analisia egiteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20837,2017-02-28,"Woman and literature have always been closed. Nowadays, women succeed in the publishing market and they are putting an end to the pejorative meaning that has been given to their literature. Even so, they have had a long way to go to achieve the prestige and the place that they have today. Therefore, the aim of this work is to analyze the woman as literary subject and object. In our closest society, today, Mariasun Landa is the model of woman writer; consequently, an analysis of his literary characteristics and his female characters will be done. The common characteristics, the values and the personality of those characters. Also, the fundamental literary features of the writer. The woman, in the role of writer and character.","Emakumea eta literatura betidanik lotuta egon dira. Gaur egun, emakumeek arrakasta dute merkatu editorialean eta hainbeste urtetan zehar euren literaturak izan duen kutsu peioratiboarekin amaitzen ari dira. Hala ere, gaur duten egoera eta prestigioa lortzeko, bide luzea egin behar izan dute. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburua emakumea literatura subjektu eta objektu moduan aztertzea da. Gure ingurune hurbilean, gaur egun, Mariasun Landa dugu emakume idazlearen eredu; horregatik, honen ezaugarri literarioak eta bere pertsonaia femeninoak aztertuko dira. Pertsonaia horien ezaugarri komunak, balioak eta nolakotasuna. Baita idazlearen estiloaren ezaugarri nabarmenenak ere. Emakumea, idazle eta pertsonaia paperean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16479,2015-12-16,"In order to create a development environment that enables
the implementation of control applications based on ARM systems,
different methods and resources will be used to create a Toolchain
that will be able to generate binaries for the systems mentioned above","Garapen ingurune baten sorkuntza helburu izanda eta
honen bidez kontrolerako aplikazioen ejekuzioa ARM sistemetan
helburu izanik, zeinetan hainbat baliabide informatiko erabilita
Toolchain bat sortuko da non honen bidez aurretik aipatutako
sistementzako ejekutableak sortzea lortuko dugun."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32262,2019-03-29,"ABSTRACT
Nowadays  the  use  of  renewable  energies  has  increased  due  to  the  dependency  of  the  fossil fuel and the environmental impact they create. The Power to Gas technology was created with the aim of making the use of the renewable energies more efficient. This technology uses the electricity  that  is  generated  with  solar  and  wind  energy  to  make  water  hydrolysis  and  get hydrogen.  This  hydrogen  reacts  with  carbon  dioxide  in  a  reaction  called  Sabatier ́s  reaction, where  the  products  are  methane  and  water.  The  goal  is  to  transform  electricity  in  an  energy that  is  possible  to  store  and  also  to  reduce  the  carbon  dioxide  that  it  is  in  the  atmosphere. Sabatier ́s  reaction  is  reversible;  and  the purpose  of  this  work  is  to  displace  the  reaction  for methane  production.  Water  adsorption  is  one  of  the  methods  to  achieve  this,  and  in  the current project there will be analysed some solids and see how they behave when they adsorb water.","LABURPENA
Gaur  egun  dagoen  erregai  fosilekiko  menpekotasuna  eta  hauek  duten  ingurumenarekiko inpaktuaren  ondorioz,  energia  berriztagarrien  erabilera  asko  handitu  da  azken  urteotan. Erabilera  hau  eraginkorragoa  izateko  asmoz  Power  to  Gas  teknologia  garatu  zen.  Eguzki energia eta energia eolikotik lortutako elektrizitatea erabiliz, hidrogenoa lortzen da elektrolisi baten   ondorioz.   Ondoren,   hidrogeno   hori   karbono   dioxidoarekin   batera   erreakzionatuz metanoa  eta  ura  ematen  ditu  Sabatier  deritzon  erreakzioan.  Honen  helburua  elektrizitatea gorde  daitekeen  energia  batean  transformatzea  eta  atmosferako  karbono  dioxido  maila murriztea   da.   Sabatier   erreakzioa   itzulgarria   da   baina,   lan   honen   interesa   erreakzioa metanoaren   sorrerarako   norabidean   desplazatzea   da.   Hori   lortzeko   modu   bat   uraren adsortzioa da eta proiektu honetan ura adsorbatzeko hainbat solido aztertuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29711,2018,"By this essay, we will go in depth through taboo matters have visibility in children`s libraries as well as in children`s literature. Nowadays, there are many matters that we consider taboo and, normally, we tend to avoid talking with children. Due to this, presented this essay, in order to make know this reality and to be conscious of the change that both the situation and each of us have to do. For this, the tool of theoretical framework will be essential, which will give us the opportunity to immerse ourselves in the essential concepts of this essay, as well as: Children’s´ literature, the reading, school libraries or taboo matters. Then, we will delve into taboo matters, one of the main objective of this work. To achieve this objective, two investigations will be carried out: On the one hand, interviews made to different experts around taboo matters and on the other hand, the observation of specific taboo matters in children’s´ literature carried out in a children library in Vitoria-Gasteiz. To finalize the essay, will be presented the solutions of these investigations, as well as the general conclusions of the essay.","Lan honen bidez, bai Haur liburutegietan baita Haur Literaturan ere gai tabuak duten ikusgarritasunean sakonduko da. Egun, tabutzat hartzen ditugun gaiak asko dira eta umeekin hauetaz hitz egiteko joera saihesten dugu. Horren berri emateko eta egoera aldatu beharraren kontzientzia hartzeko garatutako lana dugu hau. Horretarako, marko teorikoaren bidez lanean zehar ezinbestekoak izango diren kontzeptuetan murgiltzea ahalbidetu da: Haur Literatura, irakurketa, eskola liburutegiak eta gai tabuak landuaz. Ondoren, gai tabuen inguruan sakondu da, hau lanaren helburu nagusienetarikoa izanik. Hori lortzeko, bi ikerketa nagusi dira: Alde batetik, gai tabuen inguruan hainbat adituei egindako elkarrizketak eta, bestetik, Gasteizko liburutegi batean gai tabu zehatz batzuk agertzen diren liburuen behaketa. Lanarekin amaitzeko, egindako bi ikerketen emaitzak eta ondorioak zehaztu dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14385,2015-02-10,"The aim of this work is to obtain the energetic rate of the house of Ekaitz Roldan, as well as an analysis of possible improvements. So as to obtain the certification, the computer tool CE3X will be used. With the purpose of improving the results, different ways will be explored, having preference in termical process, mainly on the boiler. At first, there has not been considered improvements in the house architecture, as it is a relatively new house construction. Any new action will be economically quantified on the budget and we will analyze its viability and profitability. At first, we have obtained a final grade of 28.7 (E) and afterwards, replacing the equipment of hot water and heating for one that uses biomass as fuel, it has improved to 1.3 (A).","Lan honek Ekaitz Roldán-en etxebizitzaren ziurtapen energetikoa lortzea du helburu; ondoren, lortutako emaitza hobetzeko neurri batzuk proposatuz. Ziurtapena lortzeko CE3X tresna informatikoa erabiliko da, zeina metodo sinplifikatuez baliotzen den horretarako. Hainbat aukera proposatuko dira lortutako emaitzen arabera, instalakuntza termikoen gaineko neurriak hobetsiz,  batez ere galdararen gainekoak. Etxearen arkitekturaren gainean aldaketak suposatzen duten neurriak baztertuko dira hasiera batean, duela gutxi eraikitako etxea izateagatik. Azkenik 28,7 (E)-ko kalifikazioa lortu da. Ur berotze eta berokuntza sistema biomasa erregai erabiltzen duen sistema berri batez ordeztuz lortutako kalifikazio berria 1,3 (A) izan da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25564,1995,"Starting from a delimitation of the culpability principle it is studied this concept in comparative Law, in the same way its meaning and the real requirements of the culpability are analysed. Likewise different manifestation forms of this principle are expounded as well as its treatment in german criminal Law compared with spanish criminal Law.","Erruduntasun printzipioaren mugapen batetik abiatuz, aipatutako kontzeptua Zuzenbide konparatuan aztertu egiten da, bere sentzua eta erruduntasunaren egiazko betekizunak ikertuz. Segidan adierazten dira oinarri honen erakusteko era desberdinak eta bere tratamendu alemaniar Zuzenbide penalean, espainiar Zuzenbide penalarekin konparatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29791,2018-11-26,"Abstract:
This document is based on the use and development of a non-invasive technique for the classification of cardiac resuscitation rhythms; specifically, its objective is the development of an algorithm based on automatic learning. In recent years, the use of Machine Learning (ML) has been prevailed because of the ability to achieve meaningful conclusions from a set of data. In this case, a classifier based on Supervised learning and known as Random Forest (RF) has been used, taking advantage of the different characteristics offered by the electrocardiogram (ECG) signals.
Cardiovascular diseases have grown significantly becoming one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. In fact, the World Health Organization reports that cardiovascular diseases represent half of all deaths in developed countries and that it is one of the leading causes of death in many developing countries [1]. Therefore, the promotion of research related to this biomedical scientific area is very important. This project allows automatic recording of cardiac resuscitation rhythms to facilitate the necessary study and analysis of ECG signals, with the aim of achieving improvements in the quality of treatments, as well as to pursue the evaluation of therapies on patients that are in the presence of the mentioned cardiovascular arrest situations; in this way, being a support and help for expert doctors, this project offers greater reliability on the correct and appropriate objective diagnoses that are given. Not only that, both in the continuous monitoring of patients and when making critical decisions in an emergency situation, this project offers a great help.
To achieve the project’s objective, we have worked with a database of 857 patients. Based on a developed graphic interface, the analysis, annotation and segmentation of each of the signals corresponding to each patient was carried out, finally achieving a database of 3803 segments with an average duration of approximately 10-20 seconds. From there, segments of 4 and 8 seconds of ECG signal have been used for processing the algorithm. For each segment, 33 characteristics have been calculated, to then feed the ML algorithm and evaluate it with cross-validation. To evaluate the performance and efficiency of each of the algorithms created based on the different parameters offered by the RF algorithm, the UMS (Unweighted Mean of Sensitivities) and MulAcc (Multiway Accuracy) metrics have been used to offer generic values for multiple classes classifiers. In the performance obtained by the two different durations of signal segments employed, differences have been found differences, achieving more efficient results with the signal segments of 8 seconds in this case. In general, the accuracy and sensitivity average of the classifier have been 96.5% and 88.0%, respectively; our results show, therefore, that the identification and automatic classification of cardiac resuscitation rhythms is possible.","Laburpena
Dokumentu hau berpizteko bihotz erritmoak sailkatzeko teknika ez-inbaditzaileen erabileran eta garapenean oinarrituta dago; zehatzago, ikasketa automatikoan oinarritutako algoritmo baten garapena dugu helburu. Ikasketa automatikoaren erabilera, ingelesez Machine Learning (ML) gisa ezaguna, datu multzo batetik abiatuta ondorio esanguratsuak lortzeko aurkezten duen gaitasuna dela medio, asko nagusitu da azken urteotan. Kasu honetan, seinaleen elektrokardiogramek (EKG) aurkezten dituzten ezaugarri ezberdinez baliatuz, Supervised learning  (Ikasketa gainbegiratua) deritzon ikasketan funtsatutako  Random Forest  (RF) izeneko sailkatzailea erabili da.
Bihotz-biriketako gaixotasunak nabarmen hazi dira mundu mailako heriotza-tasa kausarik altuenak izatera ailegatuz. Izatez, Munduko Osasun Erakundearen esanetan, herrialde garatuen heriotzen %50a eta garapen bidean dauden herrialde askoren heriotza kausa nagusietako bat gaixotasun kardiobaskularrak dira [1].  Horrenbestez, biomedikuntza esparru zientifiko honekin loturiko ikerkuntza oro sustatzeak berebiziko garrantzia hartu du. Proiektu honek, egoera hauei aurre egiteko egun existitzen diren terapiek pazienteekiko duten eragina ebaluatzeko bai eta tratamenduen kalitatea hobetzeko ezinbestekoa den EKG seinaleen analisia eta azterketa errazteko berpizte bihotz erritmoen anotatze automatikoa ahalbidetzen du;  era horretan, adituak diren medikuentzako euskarri edota laguntza izanik, diagnostiko objektibo zuzenak eta egokiak emateko ziurtasun handiagoa eskaintzen da. Ez hori bakarrik, proiektu honek etengabeko kontrolean egon behar duten pazienteen monitorizaziorako, zein larrialdi egoera baten aurrean hartu beharreko erabaki kritikoak azkarrak eta egokiak izateko ere laguntza handia ematen du. 
Proiektuaren xedea erdiesteko, 857 pazientez osaturiko datu-base batekin egin da lan. Garaturiko interfaze grafikoan oinarriturik, paziente bakoitzaren seinaleen analisia, anotazioa eta segmentazioa burutu da; eta, azkenik, 10-20 segundo bitarteko 3803 segmentuz osaturiko datu-basea lortu da. Hortik abiaturik, algoritmoaren prozesaketarako 4 eta 8 segundotako EKG seinale segmentuak erabili dira. Segmentu bakoitzeko 33 ezaugarri kalkulatu dira; eta, ondoren, ML algoritmoa elikatu da eta balioztatze gurutzatuarekin ebaluatu da. RF algoritmoak eskuragarri dituen parametro ezberdinen araberako algoritmoak sorturik, hauen errendimendua eta eraginkortasuna ebaluatzeko klase anitzeko sailkatzaileetan balio orokorra eskaintzen duten UMS (Unweighted Mean of Sensitivities) eta MulAcc (Multiway Accuracy) metrikak erabili dira. Seinale segmentu iraupen ezberdinen artean errendimendu aldeak ikusi dira, emaitza hobeak 8 segundotako seinale segmentuekin lortu direlarik. Orokorrean, sailkatzailearen zehaztasun maila %96.5koa izan da eta sentikortasun maila %88.0koa izan da, batez beste; gure emaitzek, beraz, berpizte bihotz erritmoak automatikoki identifikatzea eta sailkatzea posiblea dela baieztatu dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14704,2015-03-03,"The principal aim of this work is to design the secondary transmission of a competition motorcycle of two times, that is, the design of the set driver sprocket-chain-driven sprocket. To do this, the dimension of the sprockets will be calculated and the most suitable type of chain will be selected for this application. Before doing the design of the transmission different methodologies will be analysed and depending on the available data the best methodology will be chosen. For the development of the work real data taken for the competition Motostudent will be used. In addition, the CAD model of different pieces will be done, with the program PTC Creo.","Lan honen helburu nagusia, bi denborako lehiaketa motor baten kate bidezko transmisioaren diseinua egitea da, hau da, pinoi-kate-koroa multzoaren diseinua. Horretarako pinoia eta koroaren dimentsionaketa egingo da eta aplikazio honetarako kate mota egokiena aukeratuko da. Diseinua egin aurretik, metodologia desberdinak aztertuko dira eta eskuragarri dauden datuen arabera metodologia egokiena aukeratuko da. Lanaren garapenerako Motostudent lehiaketatik hartutako datu errealak erabiliko dira. Gainera, pieza desberdinen CAD eredua egingo da PTC Creo programa erabiliz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67716,2024-05-07,"Traditional games are defined as activities that have not been institutionalized and are not sports related. Besides creating positive experiences, other emotional responses are developed such as, self-steem boost and a rise in awareness about emotions and their regulation. A single traditional game can be carried out in various manners due to the implementation of the features and codes that are characteristic from the place in which these games are practiced. The 77/2023 order in the specific competences section, explicitly mentions the requierement of performing traditional games as part of the academical activity, to analyse the effect of the gender-related stereotyping and study the possible mechanisms for avoiding them. To develop this research paper, the game called ‘steal the rock’ was carried out in two different schools within the Basque Country, with students that come from a medium-to-high socioeconomic class. During this experiment 189 students from 5th and 6th grade participated (85 girls and 104 boys). The main objective of this investigation was to analyse the effect that the traditional games have on the emotions of the participants. For this purpose a GES-C scale was employed, which uses icons as a way to express the intensity of a certain emotion felt throughout the game. Based on the results obtained from the participants, the following results were drawn: positive emotions are felt with higher intensity, joy being the one felt more vividly and in the negative emotions, rage. When categorizing the results obtained in genders it was observed that joy was the emotion felt with higher intensity by the boys and joy and happiness by the girls. Taking all the research into account, the game ‘Steal the rock’ has been labelled appropriate and interesting to be plamed among primary school students.","Joko-jolas tradizionalak instituzionalizatu ez diren jarduerak dira, hau da, kirola kontsideratzen ez direnak. Esperientzia positibo desberdinak sorrarazteaz gain, autoestimuaren hobekuntza, emozioen kontzientzia hartzea eta hauen erregulazioa landu ditzakete. Joko-jolas berdina era desberdinetan jolastu daiteke lekuan-lekuko ezaugarri eta kodigoak erabiltzen baitira hauetan parte hartzeko. Konpetentzia espezifikoen atalean, curriculum berriak (77/2023 dekretuan) aipatzen du jolas eta kirol tradizionalei ekitearen inguruan lanketa egin beharra dagoela, izan ere, hauen bidez, genero-estereotipoei buruzko azterketak egin eta hauek saihesteko bideak aztertu daitezkeela ulertzen delako. Ikerketa honen helburua jolas tradizionalek eta haien ezaugarriek Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleek sentitutako emozioetan zuten eragina aztertzea izan zen. Horretarako, Euskal Herriko bi ikastetxe pribatutako 5. eta 6. mailako 189 ikasle, 85 neska eta 104 mutil, harri lapurreta jolasean 10 minutuz aritu ziren. Sentitutako emozioen intentsitatea Games and Emotions Scale for Children (GES-C) eskalaren euskaraturiko bertsioaren bidez baloratu zen. Parte hartu zuten umeek emandako erantzunen bidez, sentitu zituzten emozio ezberdinen intentsitateen datuak bildu eta hurrengo aurkikuntza eta ondorioak atera ziren: joko-jolas tradizionalek emozio positiboak intentsitate handiagoarekin sentiarazten dituzte, hauetan poza izanez maizen sentiturikoa eta gutxien sentiturikoa afektua, negatiboetan, maizen amorrua eta gutxien beldurra sentitu ziren bitartean. Generoaren arabera, poza mutiletan nabariena izan zen eta nesketan zoriona eta poza sentitu ziren bizikien. Beraz, badirudi Harri lapurreta interesgarria izan daitekeela Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleekin egiteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26117,1992,"starting from the Penal Law in force the crimes committed as a consequence of drugs, its regulation and the possible alternatives to the treatment of this problem are studied.","gaurko Zuzenbide penal indarduetik, ikasten dira drogatzeagatik egiten detun delituak, bere lege arauketa eta arazo hau sendabidatzeko dauden aukerak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69467,2024-07,"The main objectives of this work have been to design a digital communicator for a
10-year-old student with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and for the student to start using
it. The student is in Primary Education (PE) and has difficulties communicating orally with
other people. In this work, after a theoretical review on ASD and Alternative and
Augmentative Communication Systems (AACS), a digital communicator has been designed
to meet the communicative needs of the student through the Asterics Grid program. The steps
taken in the design and the result itself are described. In addition, the student's use of the
digital communicator has been monitored. In conclusion, it can be said that for the use of
digital communicators to be successful, it is essential to identify the communicative needs of
each student and to prioritize the free ones of all the existing programs on the market. It will
also be essential to work together with the people around the children and especially with
their families in order to generalize the work that has started at school to all areas of life.
There is no doubt that digital communicators can improve the quality of life of children with
ASD who have difficulties with oral communication.","Lan honen helburu nagusiak, Autismoaren Espektroko Nahasmendua (AEN)
duen 10 urteko ikasle batentzat komunikatzaile digital bat diseinatzea eta ikaslea hori
erabiltzen hastea izan dira. Ikaslea Lehen Hezkuntzako etapan dago eskolaratua eta beste
pertsonekin ahoz komunikatzeko zailtasunak ditu. Lan honetan, AEN-ari eta Komunikazioa
Sistema Alternatibo eta Handigarriei (KSAH) buruzko errebisio teoriko bat egin ostean,
ikaslearen komunikazio beharrei erantzungo dion komunikatzaile digital bat diseinatu da
Asterics Grid programaz baliatuz. Honekin batera, diseinuan eman diren urratsak eta emaitza
bera zein den azaldu dira. Gainera, ikasleak komunikatzaile digitalari ematen dion
erabileraren jarraipena egin da. Ondorio gisa esan daiteke komunikatzaile digitalen erabilera
arrakastatsua izan dadin, ezinbestekoa dela haur bakoitzaren komunikazio beharrak
identifikatzea eta merkatuan dauden programa guztien artetik doakoak direnak lehenestea.
Baita ere funtsezkoa izango da haurren inguruneko pertsonekin eta bereziki haren
familiarekin elkar lanean jardutea eskolatik abiatu den lanketa bizitzako esparru guztietara
orokortzeko. Zalantzarik gabe, komunikatzaile digitalek AENak eta ahozko
komunikazioarekin zailtasunak dituzten haurren bizi kalitatea hobetu dezakete."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24369,2011,"Deals with the issue of the situation of victims today, focusing on the protection offered them by Sustantive Criminal Law and Procedural Law. From the criminal perspective, such protection is looked at in terms of the defence of the fundamental social values as contemplated within modern criminal law – the legal description and characterisation of new crimes and offenses – as well as specifi c protection for more helpless victims. Criminal Procedural Law allows for the personal appearance of victims in court, and warns that this can mean a breach of the principle of equality between both parties.","Biktimen gaur egungo egoera landuko da, eta Zuzenbide penalak eta Zuzenbide prozesalak horientzako eskaintzen dituzten babesak aztertuko dira. Zuzenbide penalaren ikuspuntutik, babes hori hautematen da bai Zuzenbide penal modernoak lantzen duen funtsezko gizarte-balioen defentsan −delitu berrien tipifikazioa− bai biktimarik babesgabeenen babes espezifikoan. Zuzenbide prozesal penalean, biktima prozesuetan agertzeko aukera aipatzen da, eta adierazten da horrek bi aldeen arteko berdintasun-printzipioa hautsi dezakeela zenbaitetan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70293,2024-06-19,"The purpose of this paper is to analyse the actions of the Court of Justice of the European Union as the guarantor of judicial independence within the Member States. To do so, we will conceptualise this principle through the different rulings of the CJEU in order to identify common criteria that transcend the casuistry and have implications for each and every one of the Member States. This requires us to see how the Luxembourg Court has overcome questions regarding its competence in this area through its connection with the bases of the Rule of law and how, little by little, it has been proclaiming the existence of a ""European constitutional identity"" which derives from the States, but which in turn transcends them. Similarly, we will analyse the current crisis of the Spanish General Council of the Judiciary and the situation of deadlock in which it finds itself, attempting to shed light from this line marked by the European institutions.","Lan honen helburua Europar Batasuneko Justizia Auzitegiak estatu kideen barruan independentzia judizialaren bermatzaile gisa duen jarduera aztertzea da. Horretarako, printzipio honen kontzeptualizazioa egingo dugu, EBJAk egin izan dituen adierazpenen bidez, kasuistikatik haratago doazen eta estatu kide guztientzat inplikazioak dituzten irizpide komunak identifikatuz. Horrek eskatzen du ikus dezagula nola Luxenburgoko Auzitegiak gai horretan duen eskumenari buruzko zalantzak igaro dituen Zuzenbidezko Estatuaren oinarriekin konektatuz, eta nola pixkanaka ""Europar konstituzio-identitate"" bat aldarrikatu duen, Estatuetatik eratorria, baina, aldi berean, Estatuetatik haratago doana. Era berean, Botere Judizialaren Kontseilu Nagusiaren egungo krisia eta blokeo egoera aztertzen dira, Europako erakundeek markatutako ildo horretatik argia ematen saiatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25616,1993,"This work contains a critical consideration about article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution which states the purpose of penalties. Moreover sorne information regarding the implementation of penalties in Spain and the situation of the penitentiary population is given. Likewise, alternatives to prison in comparative legislation, in the spanish penal Code and in the New Projet of penal Code are presented.","Lan honetan gogoeta kritiko bat egiten da 25.2 CE artikuluari buruz, zeinek zigorraren helburua biltzen du. Gainera, Espainian zigorren betedurari buruzko eta atxilotuen egoerari buruzko datuak aipatu egiten dira. Bestaldetik, Legegintza konparatuan, espainiar lege-liburu penalean eta lege-liburu penalaren Proiektu berrian atxiloketaren ordezko aukerak azaltzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55036,2022-01-18,"Today, as part of the diversity among Primary Educaction students, scholars with Asperger’s syndrome are found. These have problems, among others, in communication and socialization. Artistic expression can help children with this syndrome in different areas. The aim of this study was to find out about the notions and experiences of teachers have about it. As the results indicate, many of them have started to use resources based on artistic expression, but their limited knowledge of artistic expression has been highlighted. However, they have stated that their use has been positive and they have shown a willingness to learn more about the subject.","Gaur egun, Lehen Hezkuntzan ikusten den ikasleriaren geletako aniztasunaren parte bezala, Asperger sindromea daukaten ikasleak daude. Hauek, beste batzuen artean, komunikazio eta sozializaziorako arazoak dituzte. Adierazpen artistikoa, sindrome hori duten haurrentzat eremu desberdinetan lagungarria izan daiteke. Lan honen helburua irakasleek honi guztiari buruz dituzten jakintzak eta esperientziak ezagutzea izan da. Emaitzek adierazten duten bezala, irakasle askok adierazpen artistikoan oinarritutako baliabideak erabiltzen hasi dira baina oraindik, honen inguruan duten ezagutza txikia nabarmendu da. Hala ere, hauen erabilera positiboa izan dela baieztatu dute eta honi buruz gehiago ikasteko interesa azaldu dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57114,2022-08-02,"The present work analyzes energetically and dynamically the public housing of Portugalete using SketchUp Pro and OpenStudio software. Thus, the objective is based on analyzing the behaviour of various passive architectural solutions that improve energy efficiency in the building, based on insulating sandwich panels and Trombe wall. Another objective, transversal, is to learn to use those software in an autonomous way and implement them in real cases, a transcendental fact in the work. The simplified representation of the building was made in SketchUp, where the construction measures were defined and the 3D model was shaped. Then, using OpenStudio, the type of building and its use were specified by entering certain data and the detailed information required for its simulation. The result shows the demands and consumptions of the building over a typical year. This software allows the comparison of different façade typologies and building behaviour in different climatic zones. Therefore, the behaviour of the simplified model in different climatic zones is analyzed and discussed in the search for best practices and the demand reduction.","Lan honek Portugaleteko babes ofizialeko etxebizitza publikoak energetikoki eta dinamikoki aztertzen ditu, SketchUp Pro eta OpenStudio softwareen bidez. Horrela, lanaren helburua eraikuntzaren eraginkortasun energetikoa hobetzen duten zenbait irtenbide arkitektoniko pasiboren portaera aztertzea da, sandwich panel isolatzaileetan eta Trombe horman oinarrituta. Zeharkako beste helburuetako bat software horiek modu autonomoan erabiltzen ikastea da eta kasu errealetan ezartzea, eta hori oso garrantzitsua izan da lanean. Eraikinaren irudikapen sinplifikatua SketchUpen egin zen. Bertan, eraikuntza-neurriak definitu ziren eta 3D ereduari forma eman zitzaion. Ondoren, OpenStudioren bidez, eraikin mota eta haren erabilera zehaztu ziren, simulatzeko eskatutako datu eta informazio zehatz batzuk sartuz. Emaitzek eraikinaren urtebeteko eskariak eta kontsumoak erakusten dituzte. Software horri esker, fatxada-tipologia desberdinak eta eraikinaren portaerak konpara daitezke hainbat zona klimatikotan. Horregatik, klima-eremu desberdinetan eredu sinplifikatuaren portaerak aztertu eta eztabaidatzen dira, jardunbide egokiak bilatzeko eta eskariak murrizteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63465,2023-07-03,"Environmental defenders are people who work peacefully to protect and promote environmentally related human rights. They play a fundamental role in protecting our planet and ensuring that future generations have access to a healthy and sustainable world. Although these people play an extremely important role, they are often ignored in 6 the media context and may be exposed to serious risks, including intimidation, harassment, stigmatization and murder. This investigation seeks to clarify the factors that environmental defenders are causing in the killings. In addition, this study seeks to review the level of protection these people receive from a criminological point of view. Using various models of direct retaliation, the peace index, the security index and higher levels of investment in crime and justice were associated with lower environmental homicide rates. These results suggest that promoting peace, ensuring security and strengthening crime and justice systems are crucial to mitigating violence against environmental defenders. On the contrary, the study reveals a striking positive impact of education on environmental killings, highlighting the complex relationship between education and the attitudes of society towards environmental protection. It should be borne in mind, however, that the educational index used in this analysis may not have adequately raised environmental awareness, stressing the need for more concrete measures. We have detected a lack of clear legal protection for environmental defenders, stressing the urgency of actions to improve their safety and promote a fairer and more sustainable world. The findings of this study provide an important starting point for protecting the lives of environmental defenders and their crucial contributions.","Ingurumenaren defendatzaileak ingurumenarekin lotutako giza eskubideak babesteko eta sustatzeko modu baketsuan lan egiten duten pertsonak dira. Funtsezko zeregina dute gure planeta babesteko eta etorkizuneko belaunaldiek mundu osasuntsu eta jasangarrirako sarbidea izan dezaten bermatzeko. Pertsona hauek eginkizun erabat garrantzitsua betetzen duten arren, sarritan ez dira kontuan hartzen testuinguru mediatikoan, eta arrisku handiak jasaten ditzakete, larderia, jazarpena, estigmatizazioa eta erahilketa barne. Ikerketa honek ingurumenaren defendatzaileek hilketetan eragiten duten faktoreak argitu nahi izatearen helburua du. Horrez gain, kriminologiaren ikuspuntutik pertsona hauek jasotzen duten babes-maila berrikusi nahi du ikerketa honek. Hainbat erregrezio zuzen ereduak erabiliz, bake indizea, segurtasun indizea eta krimen eta justizian egindako inbertsio maila altuagoak ingurumen-hilketa tasa baxuagoekin lotu ziren. Emaitza hauek iradokitzen dute bakea sustatzea, segurtasuna bermatzea eta krimen eta justizia sistemak indartzea erabakigarriak direla ingurumenaren defendatzaileen aurkako indarkeria arintzeko. Aitzitik, ikerketak agerian uzten du hezkuntzak ingurumen-hilketetan duen eragin positibo harrigarri bat, hezkuntzaren eta ingurumenaren babesarekiko gizartearen jarreren arteko harreman konplexua nabarmenduz. Hala ere, kontuan izan behar da analisi honetan erabilitako hezkuntzaindizeak agian ez duela behar bezala jaso ingurumenerako kontzientzia, neurri zehatzagoen beharra azpimarratuz. Ingurumenaren defendatzaileen babes juridiko argirik eza bat antzeman dugu, haien segurtasuna hobetzeko eta mundu justuago eta jasangarriagoa sustatzeko ekintzak premiazkoak direla azpimarratuz. Ikerketa honen ondorioek abiapuntu garrantzitsua eskaintzen dute ingurumenaren defendatzaileen bizitza eta haien berebiziko ekarpenak babesteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60878,2023-04-21,"In this end-of-degree thesis, a study of health promotion, specifically, of the promotion of physical activity
has been carried out in an educational center. Insofar as health is a fundamental right, we must educate in
health and for this, through education, we should reinforce healthy individual and collective habits and
lifestyles. Therefore, the aim of this work is to carry out a study on the promotion of Physical Activity in
the Fray Juan de Zumarraga High School of Durango, as well as to know the interventions or activities they
use to promote Physical Activity (extracurricular activities, trips, playground, ...). For this purpose, an
interview and an observation of the break time had been carried out. Pivot tables have been used for the
analysis of the data. This work has led to the conclusion that despite this center carries out different health
promotion activities, there is still a long way to go in health education","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, ikastetxe bateko osasunaren sustapenaren eta zehazki, jarduera fisikoaren
sustapenaren azterketa bat eraman da aurrera. Osasuna oinarrizko eskubidea den heinean, osasunean hezi
behar dugu eta horretarako, hezkuntzaren bidez, banakako eta taldeko ohitura eta bizimodu osasungarriak
indartu beharko lirateke. Lan honen helburua, Durangoko Fray Juan de Zumarragako Institutuko Jarduera
Fisikoaren sustapenaren inguruko azterketa egitea da eta horrekin batera, Jarduera Fisikoa sustatzeko
erabiltzen dituzten ekintza edo jarduerak ezagutzea (eskolaz kanpoko ekintzak, irteerak, patioa, ...).
Informazioa jasotzeko elkarrizketak eta patioko behaketa bat burutu dira, bertan jasotako datuak aztertzeko
taula dinamikoak erabili direlarik. Lan honen bitartez, datuek argitara eman dute ikastetxe honek osasuna
sustatzeko jarduera desberdinak egiten dituela, baina ukaezina da osasunaren hezkuntzan oraindik bidea
egiteke dagoela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70291,2024-06-10,"The aim of this study is to conduct a critical analysis of the selection system of the Constitutional Court, focusing on the specific perspective of the Autonomous Communities. A legal methodology is employed, based on the legislation and jurisprudence of the Spanish State as its constitutional foundation. Through this analysis, the intention is to provide a critical assessment to draw conclusions and offer relevant proposals.","Lan honen helburua Konstituzio Auzitegiaren hautaketa-sistemaren azterketa kritiko bat egitea da, baina berezitasun batekin: hau, Autonomia Erkidegoen ikuspegitik egingo da. Horretarako, metodologia juridikoa erabili da, Espainiako Estatuko araudia eta jurisprudentzia eta doktrina konstituzionala izanik oinarrizkoenak. Hala, hauen analisiak eginez, kritika bat gauzatu da, gerora bertatik zenbait ondorio eta proposamen ateratzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29154,2018-10-18,"The corona effect is created around the cables and elements of the high voltage lines as a result of the ionization of the air, causing electricity losses and damage to the lines. The objective of this work is to investigate the effects of different atmospheric parameters on the corona effect. This study is based on the experimental data obtained by Jorgensen and Pedersen, who based their calculations on Townsend's theory. For the calculation of the electric field, the finite element software COMSOL multiphysics will first be used and then the results will be analysed using Excel. Once the theoretical data has been obtained, pressure, temperature and altitude parameters will be modified to analyse the corona effect in non-standard conditions.","Koroa-efektua tentsio altuko lineen eroale eta elementuen inguruan sortzen da airearen ionizazioaren ondorioz, elektrizitate-galerak eta lineetan kalteak eraginez. Lan honen helburua parametro  atmosferikoek koroa-efektuan dituzten ondorioak ikertzea da. Ikerketa hau Jorgensen eta Pedersen-ek lortutako datu esperimentaletan oinarritzen da, haien kalkuluak Townsend-en teorian oinarrituta egonik. Eremu elektrikoa kalkulatzeko, COMSOL multiphysics elementu finituen softwarea erabiliko da eta lortutako emaitzak Excel bidez aztertuko dira. Behin datu teorikoak lortuta, presio, tenperatura eta altitude parametroak aldatuko dira koroa-efektua baldintza ez-estandarrean aztertzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20515,2000,"The present article identifies two Basque-language authors whose works were used (albeit covertly) in the writing of Axular's ""Gero"". Basing the theory on stylistic similarities that some of the passages from Axular's work share with those of Materre's ""Doctrina Christiana"" (not in vain was Axular censor of the work), the conclusion is that the ""Doctrina"" found its way into Axular's hands, above all in his book0s double prologue. And although the use of a Calvinist reference in a militant Catholic anti-reformist work sounds far from likely, it becomes patent that a great many of Axular's new testament quotations are fruit of Leizarraga's Basque version. A comparative lsit of the texts in question is offered.","Artikulu honetan Axularek ""Gero"" liburua idazteko erabili bide zituen autore bi identifikatzeko saio bat aurkezten da. Horrela, Materreren ""Doctrina Christianako"" pasarte zenbaitekin Axularrek erakusten dituen testu kidetasunetan oinarrituz, urdazubiarrak batik bat bere obraren hasierako gomendiozko gutun eta hitzaurre modukorako erabili zuela ondorioztatzen da. Baina frantziskotarraren erabilera logikotasunaren eta espero zitekeenaren esparrukoa bazen ere (Axular haren aztertzaile eta examinatzailea izan baitzen), harrigarriago dirudi lehen begiradan Leizarraga kalbinistaren presentziak apaiz katoliko kontrarreformista baten obran. Guztiarekin ere, Axularrek ""Testamentu Berritik"" hartzen dituen aipamen askok Leizarragaren euskal bertsioaren eragina uzten dute agerian. Testuon zerrenda bat eransten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36551,2019-11-27,"Abstract (English): The main goal of this Project is to develop a software application with an intuitive and easy to use interface, wich allows to execute the basic calculations of voltaje drop, energy losses and performance of a power transformer base don its nominal data, vacuum and short-circuit tests. The software “Matlab” and its “GUIDE” application for the development of graphical user interfaces (“GUI”) will be used.","Laburpena (Euskara): Lan honen helburu nagusia tentsio jaitsiera, galerak eta potentzia transformadore baten errendimenduaren, bere hutseko eta zirkuitulaburreko eta bere datu nominalak kontuan izanda, interfaze intuitiboa duen eta erabilera errazeko software aplikazio bat garatzea da. Horretarako erabiltzailearen (“GUI”) interfaze grafikoen garapenerako software komertzial “Matlab” eta bere aplikazio “GUIDE” erabiliko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36495,2019-11-27,"Abstract
On this final degree project (FDG) the dynamic analysis of the principal components of a four stroke
engine with four cylinders has been carried out. This engine is going to be assumed for a vehicular engine
and it will be a spark-ignition type. Ansys will be the software used for the simulations of the motor
during its motion. First of all, a research to get a method for calculating the forces in the piston is going to
be done. This is because it was going to be very difficult to make the simulations without them, so it was
2
the first thing to do. Then the calculations of the first design have been done. Taking into account the
values of these dimensions, the value of the forces in the piston have been calculated and finally the
secondary dimensions have been obtained. The next step is doing the two types of analysis, rigid
dynamics and transient structural. The results have been used for the design of the second model. To
continue, a new transient analysis of it has been performed, in order to check that the modifications have
been good enough. To conclude, the planes corresponding to all the parts of the second model have been
produced.","Laburpena
Gradu Amaierako Lan (GAE) honetan turismoan erabiliko den auto baten motorraren azterketa
dinamikoa egingo da. Konkretuki, eragindako piztea duen lau aldiko motorra izango da eta analisia osagai
nagusienena izango da. Horretarako simulaziorako Ansys programa erabiliko da. GAE hau hasterakoan,
pistoietan sortzen diren indarrak nola lortuko ziren izan zen lehenengo kezka. Balio hauek barik ezin
zirelako geroago zetozten analisiak egin. Beraz, hasteko, balio horiek lortzeko metodo bat bilatu da.
Behin hori ziurtatuta dagoela, hurrengoko betebeharra lehengo modelo baten disenua egitea da.
Horretarako hiru fase jarraitu dira. Hasierakoan dimentsio nagusiak lortu dira, gero horiekin presioa
baloreak lortu dira eta amaitzeko bigarren dimentsioak atera dira. Hurrengo pausua modelo horren
analisiak egitea izan da. Analisi horien emaitzak edukita bigarren modelo bat prestatu da emaitzetan
oinarrituta. Gero diseñu berriaren analisiak egin dira ziurtatzeko hobekuntzak egin direla eta amaitzeko
honen planoak egin dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17631,2016-03-16,"Empathy is a multidimensional theory which includes affective and cognitive components and, at the same time, it enables you to understand and feel the thoughts and emotions of other people. The survey carried out has two main aims: 1) to detect the level of the development of the theory of the mind, 2) to observe the differences in empathy considering the variables of gender and age. To achieve this purpose we have used a sample consisting of 36 participants aged between 3 and 6, 18 boys and 18 girls from Barakaldo (Bizkaia). The results (ANOVA) show gender differences in empathy with higher marks for girls. Besides, the older they are, the score increases progressively in all the variables taken into account.","Enpatia dimentsio askotako teoria da, eta osagai afektiboak eta kognitiboak barne hartzen ditu. Horrez gain, beste pertsonen pentsamenduak eta emozioak ulertzeko aukera ematen du. Egindako azterketak bi helburu ditu: 1) adimenaren teoriaren garapen-maila antzematea; 2) enpatian dauden desberdintasunei erreparatzea, generoaren eta adinaren arabera. Horretarako, Barakaldoko (Bizkaia) 3 eta 6 urte bitarteko 36 parte-hartzaileren (18 neska eta 18 mutil) lagina erabili da. Emaitzak  (ANOVA) kontuan hartzen baditugu, enpatia desberdina da sexuaren arabera, izan ere, neskek puntuazio altuagoak izan dituzte. Horrez gain, zenbat eta urte gehiago izan, puntuazioak are altuagoak dira aldaera guztietan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75429,2025-11-05,"Hydrogen is positioning itself as a key solution to decarbonise aviation, offering a clean and sustainable alternative to reduce pollutant emissions in a sector that significantly contributes to climate change. This thesis presents a fatigue analysis of preliminary designs for liquid hydrogen (LH2) storage tanks manufactured from AA2219-T87 aluminium alloy with friction stir welding (FSW). A global finite element method (FEM) model has been developed to capture stress distributions under cryogenic conditions, supported by a refined submodel for precise crack propagation analysis. Two approaches have been examined: classical fatigue life estimation based on crack initiation using S–N data, and damage tolerance assessment through fracture mechanics of crack growth at cryogenic temperatures. The results indicate an overestimation of fatigue life during initiation, mainly due to assumptions and limited experimental evidence, while crack propagation is significantly faster and strongly influenced by environmental conditions and the reduced thickness of the tank walls. These findings highlight the importance of complementing structural-scale analyses with localised fracture assessments. Future work will focus on experimental validation and advanced monitoring techniques to improve the safety and reliability of liquid hydrogen tanks.","Hidrogenoa iristen ari da hegazkinaren deskarbonizaziorako soluzio gako bezala, kutsaduraren emisioak murrizteko alternatiba garbia eta jasangarria eskainiz, klima aldaketaren eragile nagusietako bat den sektorea. Tesi honek hidrogenozko tanke baten neke analisia aurkezten du. 
AA2219-T87 aluminio aleazioko eta marruskadura-agitazioko (FSW) soldadurarekin fabrikatutako hidrogeno likidoko (LH2) biltegiratze-tanken diseinu aldaketa hasiberriak aztertuz. Elementu finitoen metodo orokor (EFM) eredua garatu da krio-tenperaturako baldintzetan tentsio banaketak 
jasotzeko, eta azpisistema batekin haustura-propagazioaren azterketa zehatza egiteko lagundu da. Bi ikuspegi aztertu dira: haustura hasierako eta nekearen iraupenaren estimazio klasikoa S-N datuetatik 
abiatuta, eta haustura-propagazioaren kalte-tolerantzia azterketa krio-tenperaturan. Emaitzek neke iraupenaren gehiegizko estimazioa erakusten dute, batez ere hipotesiak eta frogagintza mugatuaren 
ondorioz; hausturaren propagazioa askoz azkarragoa da eta inguruneko baldintzak eta tankearen hormaren lodiera txikia direla eta eragin handia du. Aurkikuntzak egitura-mailako azterketak haustura lokalizatuarekin osatzea garrantzitsua dela azpimarratzen dute. Etorkizuneko lana izango 
da frogak egiteko esperimentuak eta aurreratutako jarraipen-teknikak erabiliz hidrogeno likidoko tankeak segurtasun eta fidagarritasunez hobetzera bideratzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13999,2015-01-16,"Being a mother is every woman’s right, but when it comes to differently-abled women the topic can become taboo. This research aims to study the maternity in physically differently-abled women. In order to achieve the aim, legislation, statistics and several studies have been used; but it has mostly wanted to give voice to the main characters, physically differently-abled women. Some have decided to exercise their right to maternity, others not, and there are some who after being mother have befallen them the differently-ability. The results show how lack of awareness and social factors shape the lives of these women, and how depending on the group of women, have different points of view.","Ama izatea emakume guztion eskubidea da, baina, aniztasun funtzionala duten emakumeen inguruan ari garenean, gaia tabu bihurtu daiteke. Ikerketa honetan, aniztasun funtzional fisikoa duten emakumeen amatasunaren gaia lantzen da. Horretarako, legedi testuak, datu estatistikoak, ikerketak erabili dira, baina batez ere protagonistei ahotsa eman nahi izan da, aniztasuna funtzional fisikoa duten emakumeak. Seme alabarik gabeko aniztasun funtzionala duten emakumeak, ama izandako aniztasun funtzionala duten emakumeak, eta ama izan ostean aniztasun funtzionala izandako emakumeak. Ateratako emaitzek, ezjakintasuna eta baldintzapen sozialek emakume hauen bizitza modelatzen dutela erakusteaz gain, emakume taldearen arabera bizitza ikuspuntu ezberdinak daudela adierazten dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16261,2015-11-30,"Dental implant-supported prostheses are an alternative solution to single-teeth implants for
patients who suffer partial or full edentulism, replacing all the top or bottom-part teeth with a single
piece. The manufacture of each of the prosthesis systems demand high precision and multiple factors
have to be taken into account if we want the final product to work properly. Some of these factors
have already been studied in previous research, with variables as different bolt tightening sequences
or gap tolerances.
The aim of this project is to add the bone looseness scope apart from these two factors, to
measure the influence in an All On Four system. This way, it is expected to obtain the minimum
acceptable requirements for fabrication and implementation, so that the prosthesis works
appropriately in the patient.","Hortzetako protesi osoek edentulismo partzial edo osoa jasaten duten pertsonentzat soluzio
alternatibo bat suposatzen dute hortz bakarreko inplanteen aurrean, goialdeko edo behealdeko
hortz guztiak (edo batzuk) pieza bakarrarekin ordezkatuz [11]. Protesi sistema hauen pieza
bakoitzaren fabrikazioak zehaztasun handia eskatzen du eta aztertu beharreko hainbat faktore
daude, amaiera produktuaren funtzionamendua egokia izatea nahi bada. Hauetako aspektu asko
aurretik gauzatuak izan diren lanetan jorratu dira jadanik, tolerantzia gap-a eta torlojutze sekuentzia
bezalako aldagaiei buruz hainbat ikerkuntza eginez [1].
Lan honen bidez, bi faktore hauez gain hezur erlaxazioaren eragina kontuan hartu nahi da, All
On Four sistema batean edukiko duen irismena neurtzeko. Horrela, protesiaren fabrikazio edota
ezarpenerako baldintza onargarri minimoak ezagutzea espero da, erabiltzailearentzat protesia egokia
suerta dadin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26066,1990,"Particularities of the religious freedom in prison, as well as the new projects in this matter, are discussed, based on the juridical framework of the Spanish Constitution that garantees that citizens´right.","Espainiako Konstituzioaren marko juridikoan oinarrituta, zeinak hiritarren erlijio-askatasunaren eskubidea bermatzen duen, eskubide honek gartzelan dituen berezitasunak, eta era berean, gai honetan dauden proiektu berriak aztertzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36865,2019-12-12,"By the present work, aphotovoltaic installation has been modelled and dimensioned to save electricity for the ""Urduliz-Alfredo Espinosa Hospital"". To do this, it will be necessary to understand all the elements and phases that make up the project. It has also been studied its economic viability and compliance with current regulations in the field of administrative, technical and economic conditions of self-consumption of electricity.","Lan honen bidez, instalazio fotovoltaikobat modelatu eta dimentsionatu egin da, “Urduliz-Alfredo Espinosa Ospitaleko” hornidura elektrikoaren aurrezpena handitzeko. Horretarako, beharrezkoa da proiektuaren osagai eta fase guztiak ulertzea. Halaber, bere bideragarritasun ekonomikoaaztertu egin daeta gaur egungoaraudiaautokontsumo elektrikoaren arlo administrativo, tekniko eta ekonomikoetan betetzen duela egiaztatu egin da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25569,1995,"After explaining essential sides of euthanasia characterization and driving criteria of its different identification classes, it is analysed the own life availability treatment in our juridical order, and interpretation possibilities in this matter and the alternative proposal to the lack of regulation are pointed out.","Eutanasiaren berezitasunean oinarrizko puntuak eta bere mota desberdinetako ezagueraren irizpideak agertu ondoren, geure ordenamendu juridikoan norberaren bizitzaren erabilgarritasunaren tratamendua aztertu egiten da, eta gai honetan interpretazio posibilitateak eta arauketa gabeziari txandako proposamena azaltzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24848,2018-02-05,"ENGLISH: In September 2015 the Sustainable Development Goals were signed at the UN as
part of the international development agenda which would be the successor of the
former Millennium Development Goals. These seventeen goals and the 169 targets that
accompany them will be in force from the beginning of 2016 until 2030, representing a
challenge for all the countries, firms and citizens of the world. These goals, compared to
their predecessors, mean a huge attempt to introduce a number of novel and
transforming factors to the development of countries. Nevertheless, this agenda is not as
whole as the UN aspire them to be, having received large amounts of criticism
highlighting their negative aspects. The goal of this essay is to provide of the necessary
resources to generate a critical attitude towards this international agenda, through the
justification of the goals and the presentation positive and negative criticism issued
during the last years.","EUSKARA: 2015eko irailean NBEan Garapen Iraunkorrerako Helburuak sinatu ziren,
Milurteko Garapen Helburuen oinordeko izango den nazioarteko garapen agendan
barneratuta. Hamazazpi helburu hauek eta haiekin datozen 169 jomugak indarrean
egongo dira 2016. urteko hasieratik 2030era arte, garapenerako erronka bat suposatuz
munduko herrialde, enpresa eta herritar guztientzako. Helburu hauek haien
aurrekariekin alderatuz, hainbat faktore berritzaile eta eraldatzaile barneratzeko saiakera
aipagarria suposatzen dute herrialdeen garapenari dagokionez. Hala ere, agenda hau ez
da NBEak sinestarazi nahi digun bezain biribila, haien aspektu negatiboak
nabarmentzen dituzten hainbat kritika jaso dituztelarik. Lan honen helburua nazioarteko
agenda honen inguruko ikuspuntu kritikoa eragiteko beste baliabide eskaintzea da,
helburuen nondik norakoak azalduz eta azken urteotan sortutako kritika bai positibo bai
negatiboen bilketa aurkeztuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58208,2022-10-28,"The aim of this paper is to approach the field of criminal investigation from a criminalistic rather than criminological point of view, and for this purpose, emphasis has been placed on dactyloscopy, a relevant technique when carrying out the identification of a person. For all these reasons, this work includes the professionals qualified to carry out a criminal investigation, as well as their functions, the duties they have and the limitations they face. Likewise, reference has also been made to the areas and techniques of criminal investigation, as well as to the general and specific steps that have to be carried out in order to elaborate it.
At the same time, the most relevant aspects of dactyloscopy have been collected, for the subsequent realization of a practical case, where this technique of criminal investigation has been used. For all the above mentioned, the fundamental premises of this work are, on the one hand, criminal investigation, and on the Other hand, dactyloscopy; that is, dactyloscopy as a personal identification technique, and therefore, as a fundamental part of a criminal investigation.","Lan honen helburu nagusia da ikerketa kriminala ikuspuntu kriminologikotik baino gehiago, ikuspuntu kriminatistiko batetik lantzea, eta horretarako, daktitoskopiari ekin zaio, pertsona bat identifikatu ahal izateko teknika oso garrantzjtsua dena. Horregatik guztiagatik, lan honek ikerketa kriminal bat aurrera eramateko gaitasuna duten profesionalak biltzen ditu, bai eta   euren funtzioak ez ezik, dituzten betebeharrak eta mugak ere. Era berean, ikerketa kriminalaren arloei eta teknikei egin zaie erreferentzia, bai eta ikerketa hori egin ahal izateko eman beharreko urrats orokor eta zehatzei ere.
Halaber, daktiloskopiaren alderdi garrantzitsuenak jaso eta landu dira, ondoren kasu praktiko bat gauzatu ahal izateko, non aipatutako ikerketa kriminaleko teknika hori erabili den. Hori horrela, esan daiteke lan honen funtsezko premisak direla, alde batetik, ikerketa kriminala, eta bestetik, daktiloskopia; hau da, daktiloskopia identifikazio pertsonaleko teknika gisa eta beraz, ikerketa kriminal baten funtsezko alderdi gisa."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14335,2015-02-04,"In the present work, is to optimize the sheet metal bolted joint two dissimilar materials (steel and aluminum) using a non-conventional process, friction drilling. The cited process is aimed at the fine boiler making, a sector which has many applications.
On the one hand, firstly be performed a series of tests and next shall carry out systematic tests. On the other hand, temperature measurements, torques and forces will be implemented, and dimensional tolerances generated by the process were analyzed for choosing the optimal parameters.
The document will focus on theoretically analyze the mechanical development of the joint and the corresponding tensile tests. This will help make future quality tests and then compare the results with conventional joints’.","Aurkeztutako proiektuan, bi material desberdineko xaflen arteko lotura hariztatua optimizatzea nahi da (altzairua eta aluminioa) ez-ohiko prozesu baten bitartez, marruskadura bidezko zulaketa. Aipaturiko prozesua galdaragintza mehera bideratua dago, aplikazio asko dauzkan sektorea.
Aurre saiakera batzuekin hasiko da eta proba sistematikoak egiteari ekingo zaio. Tenperaturaren, gogortasunaren, bihurdura momentuen eta indarren neurketak egiten dira eta prozesuak sortutako perdoi dimentsionalak aztertuko dira parametro hoberenen aukeraketarako. egingo dira baldintza eta parametro hoberenak zehazteko eta proba sistematikoak egiteari ekingo zaio.
Agiri hau, loturaren portaera mekanikoa aztertzean zentratuko da trakzioaren bidez. Honek, etorkizuneko kalitatezko saiakerak egiteko balioko zaizkigu eta geroago ohiko prozesuen bidez lortutako emaitzekin konparatuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34758,2019-07-22,"This research addresses the problem of sexual violence in the context of heterosexual sexual-affective relationships of youth. We have analyzed certain dynamics of sexual violence between the students of the University of the Basque Country, based on the data obtained through a survey, from the perspective of feminist and gender studies.","Ikerketa honetan, sexu-indarkeriaren auzia jorratzen da gazteen harreman afektibo-sexual heterosexualen esparruan. Inkesta baten bidez lortutako datuetan oinarrituta, sexu-indarkeriaren zenbait dinamika aztertu ditugu Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko ikasleen artean, genero ikerketa eta feminismoaren ikuspegitik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25866,2018-03-21,"This dissertation has the objective of research the situation of the women from Latin America in the Basque Country, heeding the magnitude that the domestic work sector has in their experiences. The research wants to analyse the situation of those workers and know how to enable their inclusion from the area of the Social Education. In order
to achieve the objective two tools based in the qualitative methodology have been used: Life History and Relief Maps. The results show that they have migrated mainly in order to improve their economic situation or to hide from gender violence situations. They repeated that the main factor in their inclusion process is the labour, among others, in despite of that they have reported the working conditions of the sector. In the same way they said that the workplace can be a problematic place as a result of receiving racist assaults or sexual harassment. They have emphasized that due to the migration process the adaptation to the new environment they have experimented empowerment and they
also have pointed that what most hinders that process is the social exclusion.","Lan honek Latinoamerikatik etorritako emakumeek EAEn duten egoera ikertzea du helburu, kontuan izanik euren esperientzietan etxeko lanen esparruak duen pisua. Zehazki, Gizarte Hezkuntzaren eremutik langile horien egoera aztertu eta inklusioa nola ahalbidetu daitekeen jakitea bilatzen du. Xede hori lortzeko metodologia kualitatiboan oinarrituz bi ikerketa tresna erabili dira: Bizitza Historiak eta Relief Maps. Emaitzek diote gehienek euren egoera ekonomikoa hobetzeko edo genero indarkeria egoeretatik ihes egiteko migratu dutela. Inklusio prozesuan laguntzen dien faktore nagusietako bat
lana dela errepikatu duten arren, sektorearen lan-baldintzak salatu dituzte. Ildo beretik lantokia, leku gatazkatsua izan daitekeela aipatu dute. Migrazio prozesuaren eta inguru berrira egokitzearen eraginez ahalduntzea esperimentatu dutela azpimarratu eta prozesu hori nagusiki oztopatzen duena gizarte bazterkeria dela nabarmendu dute ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36496,2019-11-27,"The aim of this document is to perform an aerodynamic analysis on the flight of a solid rocket by means of CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) programming, so that the geometry gets validated.
To do so, calculations referred to both the ascent and descent of the rocket will be taken into account. First off, both the aerodynamic forces exerted on the body and its flight stability will be studied. Then, a parachute will be selected accordingly to the results obtained by the simulations, as well as a proper spot for the launch.
Last but not least, thanks to the fact that an actual launch will be taking place prior to the publication of this document, we will be able to make a comparison between the results obtained through the theoretical calculations and the experimental data recovered from Bravos’s flight.","Dokumentu honen helburua suziri solido baten azterketa aerodinamikoa burutzea da, CFD (Jariakin Konputazionalen Dinamika) bidezko programazioa erabiliz, suziriaren geometria balioztatzeko.
Horretarako, hegaldian zehar suziriaren igoerari eta jaitsierari dagozkien kalkuluak hartuko dira kontuan. Igoerari dagokionez, hegaldiaren egonkortasunaren eta gorputzak jasango dituen indar aerodinamikoen inguruko azterketa egingo da. Bestalde, egindako simulazioetatik lortutako emaitzetan oinarrituz, Bravok eramango duen jausgailua zehaztuko da, jaurtiketa egiteko leku egokiena aukeratzeaz gain.

Azkenik, dokumentu hau argitaratu baino lehen egingo den Bravoren jaurtiketari esker, datu esperimentalak lortuko dira, aurretik ordenagailuaren bidez egindako simulazioetatik lortutako emaitzekin alderatu ahal izango direnak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20084,2017-01-09,"The Interactive Management of Programming Laboratories project consists of the design and development of a web application that assists students and professors in programming courses. This application, downloads, compiles, and runs programming exercises developed by students against tests developed by the professor. Once the tests are completed, the results are stored in a database so that they can be accessed via web by both students and professors. All exercise must be uploaded to a Github platform repository. This will allow a thorough tracking of the students, self-evaluations during the course, and familiarization with repositories.","Programazio-Laborategietako Kudeaketa Elkarreragilea proiektua web aplikazio baten disenuia eta garapenan datza, ikasle eta irakasleei programazio ikasgaien laborategietan lagundu ahal izateko.
Aplikazio honek, ikasleek egindako programazio ariketak deskargatu, konpilatu eta exekutatzen dauz irakasleak egindako test batzuen aurka. Behin testak pasata, emaitzak, datu-base batean gordetzen dira eta web gune baten bidez bai iraskasleak bai ikasleek ikus ditzakete. Ariketa guztiak, Github plataformako biltegian igota egon behar dira. Hau dena, irakasleen jarraipen sakona ikasleen gainean, ikasleen autoebaluazioak ikasturtean zehar eta Github-eko biltegiekiko familiarizazioa ahalbidetuko dau."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30303,2018-12-12,"The Project deals with the modernization of the heating system and SHW of a detached house located in the Alave´s borough of Arbulo, that currently has a natural gas boiler. The proposal that was finally chosen is the installation of an aerothermy
system. It consists of an air-water heat pump divided into outdoor and indoor unit, an SHW tank and low temperature radiators as emitters.

The operating principle of this system is the collection of outside air by the heat pump.
The pump recovers the calories that are present in the air and transforms the energy into heat that is finally transferred to the heating circuit.

For the mechanical dimensioning of the installation, the demand of hot water and heating has been calculated following the relevant calculations. With these calculations, the capacity of the SHW tank and the number of radiatiors to be installed in
each room of the home has been determined. The new connections of the radiators are going to follow the route of the connections of the conventional radiators of the old installation.
(INGLES)","Aurkezten dudan proiektua berokuntza sistema eta beroaren modernizazioari buruzkoa da. Familia bakarreko etxekobizitza hau Arbulun (Araban) kokatuta dago eta gas naturaleko galdara bat dauka. Aukeratutako proposamena aerotermina sistemako instalazioa da, bonba baten bitartez ur eta aire beroa izatea ahalbidetzen. Bonba hau jarraian azaltzen diren zatitan banatzen da: kanpoko unitatea, barneko unitatea, ACS gordailu bat, tenpepetura baxuko erradiadoreak jaulkitzaile bezala.
Sistema honetan funtzionamendua honako hau da. Asteko, aire beroko bonbak kanpoko airea hartzen du. Ondoren, airean dauden kaloriak hartu eta energía transformatzen du berokuntza sistemara pasatzeko.
Instalazioaren dimentsioa jakiteko, beroaren demanda eta ACS-a kalkulatu behar da. Horretaz gain, ACS deposituak behar duen kapazitatea eta etxebizitzako logela bakoitzean instalatu beahr diren berogailu kopurua zein den jakin behar da. Azkenik aipatzekoa da, berogailuen konekzioak egiteko, etxebizitzan zeuden berogailu zaharren ibilbidea erabili dela.
(EUSKERA)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19840,2016-12-12,"This project involves the reuse of gray water for irrigation and cleaning of a private housing estate in Castro Urdiales , Cantabria. This requires filtering gray water , store it and pump it to the points sprinkler and water intake for cleaning. The filter consists of three stages , the first degreasing and sandblasting , and then decanting and biological degradation , and finally disinfection. After this , it is stored in a tank by a pump that the filter itself is factory installed and finally by two identical parallel pumps the water is pumped to the necessary jacks.","Proiektu honen oinarria ur grisen berrerabilketa ureztatzeko eta garbiketak egiteko urbanizazio pribatu batean Castro Urdialesen da , Cantabrian. Horretarako ura grisa iragazi behar da, gorde eta ponpatu aspertsio puntuetara eta garbiketa iteratze puntuetara. Iragazkia hiru fasetan egiten da, lehengoan koipegabetzea eta area kenketa, ondoren degradazio biologikoa eta dekantatua, eta azkenik desinfekzioa. Honen ondoren, depositu batean gordetzen da iragazki bera fabrikatik instalatuta daukan ponpa batekin eta azkenik paralelolki dauden bi ponpa berdinekin ura grisa ponpatzen da behar diren ur iteratzeetara."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15890,2015-10-15,"A module for Magento has been implemented in this end-of-degree project, which has been carried out at the company On4U. The main function of this module is the dynamic generation of product grids based on the analysis of the weather forecast, taking the client’s location into account. Furthermore the module automatically saves the purchases made, together with the outside information for a subsequent analysis which links shopping habits with the weather forecast. Although this is its main use, it has been developed with a modular approach so that it is easy to integrate the use of another open data source in the module. In order to carry out this project, it has been necessary to deepen into general concepts related to the eCommerce Magento platform, such as the pattern Model-View-Controller and the life cycle of a request.","On4U enpresan egindako Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan Magentorentzako modulo bat praktikan ipini da, zeinaren betebehar nagusia, eguraldiaren analisia oinarri bezala harturik, produktuen parrilla dinamikoak sortzea izan da, bezeroaren kokapena kontuan izanik. Honetaz gain, moduloak, erosketari buruzko informazioaz batera, kanpoko informazioa automatikoki gordetzen du, eguraldia erosketa-ohiturekin lotzen duen ondorengo analisi posible batean erabiltzeko. Erabilpen kasu honetan zentratu arren, modulua ikuspuntu modular batetik garatu da; horrela, moduluan beste informazio iturri bat erabiltzea erraza izan zedin. Egitazmo hau aurrera eramateko, eCommerce Magento-rekin lotutako hainbat kontzeptutan sakondu behar izan da; hauen artean Eredu-Bista-Kontrolatzaile patroian eta eskaera baten bizitza zikloan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36833,2019-12-12,"Abstract: the aim of this project to be carried out in Amorebieta-Etxano, specifically in the Arriagane industrial estate, is to build a car workshop.
The ship is divided into two floors. On the one hand, the lower floor that will have a total area of the nave will consist of a warehouse to store the material, the workshop, a welding workshop, changing rooms, bathrooms and a meeting room. On the other hand, in the area that the first three porticos of the ship take, a second floor will be built where the warehouse will be placed, as well as bathrooms for both men and women and an office.
The pavilion will have two entrances. On the right frontage, a large door will be placed for the entry and exit of vehicles. On the rear frontage, however, there will be a smaller door for those who want to access the first floor by stairs. In the vicinity of the pavilion, parking spaces for cars will be placed.

English","Laburpena: Amorebieta-Etxanon burutuko den proiektu honen helburua, Amorebieta-Etxanoko Arriagane industrialdean, automobilgintza-lantegi bat eraikitzea da. 
Egitura bi solairutan banatuko da. Alde batetik, eraikin osoaren azalera izango duen behe solairuak, materialak gordetzeko biltegiak, lantegia, soldadura tailerra, aldagelak, komunak eta batzar gela hartuko ditu. Bestetik, eraikinaren aurrealdeko lehenengo eta hirugarren portikoen arteko azaleran beste solairu bat eraikiko da non, biltegia, emakume zein gizonezkoentzako komun bana eta bulego bat kokatuko diren. 
Nabeak bi sarrera izango ditu. Eskuinaldeko fatxadan ibilgailuen joan etorrirako dimentsio handiko ate bat jarriko da. Atzealdeko fatxadan berriz, lehen solairura igo ahal izateko eskailerara emango duen ate txiki bat jarriko da. Pabilioiaren inguruetan, ibilgailuentzako aparkalekua egokituko da.

Euskara"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/65453,2013,"For the last four years Spain has been denounced by the ECHR for violating the right to due process, in particular, for sentencing in appeal the initially acquitted without public hearing where he can defend himself from the crimes advocated against him. By means of the analysis of the last ruling, together with the previous ones, we shall specify the reasons that the Court of Strasbourg argues in its reasoning concerning the right to defense and thus distinguish between the discordant elements that are in the reasonings of the national and European courts. That analysis is relevant in order to lay the foundations for a forthcoming legislative reform with the intention of achieving an effective compliance of the duties under international law.","Azken lau urteetan, Giza Eskubideen Europako Auzitegiak gaitzetsi egin du Espainiaren jokabidea, behar bezalako prozesua izateko eskubidea urratzeagatik; zehazkiago, hasieran absolbitutakoa bigarren instantzian kondenatzeagatik, egotzitako akusazioez defendatzeko ikustaldi publikorik egin gabe. Azken zigorretan sakonduz, Estrasburgoko Auzitegiak defentsa eskubidearen alde adierazitako arrazoiak zehaztuko ditugu, Espainiako auzitegien eta Europakoaren arrazoibideen arteko desberdintasunak azaltzeko. Azterketa hori egitea garrantzitsua da, etorkizuneko lege erreformaren oinarriak ezartzeko eta nazioarteko esparruan hartutako obligazioak modu eraginkorrean betetzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50970,2021-04-15,"The objective of this End of Grade Project is, mainly, to analyze the importance of Physical Education for Primary students. The sample that has been analyzed 77 students between 8 and 12 years old from Primary Education at CEIP Valle de Orozko. All the participants are from second cycle, of which 24 (31.17%) are in the 4th grade, 35 (45.45%) in the 5th grade and 18 (23.38%) in the 6th grade, among which 33 (42.86%) are girls and 44 (57.14%) are boys. This study has been a questionnaire carried out using an ad hoc survey of 10 questions. Through it, the importance of Physical Education for the students is reflected. The data obtained show that physical education is very important and that the emotions felt in it are mostly positive. Along with this, among the presented proposals for improvement, series of activities aimed at both the first and second cycle of Primary School students are presented, in order to promote integral development. Specifically, three proposals are presented for working on emotions, simple but effective, which must be adapted for each group of students.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, nagusiki, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleentzat Gorputz Hezkuntzak duen garrantzia aztertzea izan da. Aztertutako lagina, Orozko Harana HLHI-ko Lehen Hezkuntzako 8 eta 12 urte bitarteko 77 ikaslekoa izan da. Denak bigarren zikloko ikasleak dira eta horietatik, 24 (%31,17) 4.mailakoak, 35 (%45,45) 5.mailakoak eta 18 (%23,38) 6.mailakoak, horien artean 33 (%42,86) neska eta 44 (%57,14) mutil dira. Ikerlan hau aurrera eramateko ad hoc sortutako eta 10 galderaz osatutako inkesta bat erabili da. Honen bidez ikasleentzat Gorputz Hezkuntzak duen garrantzia jaso da. Lortutako datuek, erakusten dute hezkuntza fiskoa oso garrantzitsua dela eta gainera bertan sentitzen dituzten emozioak gehien bat positiboak direla. Honekin batera, aurkezten diren hobekuntza proposamenen artean,  Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo zein bigarren zikloko ikasleentzat zuzendutako jarduera batzuk aurkezten dira, garapen integrala sustatzeko. Zehazki, emozioak lantzeko 3 proposamen aurkezten dira, sinpleak baina eraginkorrak, ikasle talde bakoitzarentzat egokituak izan behar direnak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36811,2019-12-12,"The  aim  of  this  project  is  to  carry  out  a  study onthe  replacement  of  the  current  electrical  and thermal  system ofthe  student  residence  of Vilnius  Technologies  and  Design  Collegebyan installation of several renewable energies.The  background  of  the  building  and  the  energetic  situation  in  Lithuania,  in  addition  to  the necessary calculations,are going to determine the most appropriate unitsthat are going to conform the new installation. Additionally, this paper contributes to promote the use of renewableenergiesin Lithuania.","Proiektu  honen  helburuaVilnius  Technologies  and  Design College-nikasle  egoitzaren  sistema elektriko eta termikoa zenbait energia berriztagarriz osatutako instalazio batez ordezkatzea da.Eraikinaren  aurrekariak,  herrialdearen  egoera  energetikoa  eta  beharrezko  kalkuluek instalazio berrirako ekipo  egokiak zehaztuko  dituzte. Energia-hornikuntzaz  gain,  proiektu  honek  energia berriztagarrien erabilpena sustatzendu Lituanian."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27345,1998,"The numbers of prisons population in Colombia show that in the last years it has increase
alarmingly. To the painful reality of prisons also contributes the length of penal procedure and its
deshumanization, and that brings this country to a serious penitentiary crisis. The measures adopted by
government and the legislative intents presented have not provided a solution. Faced with this situation, the
fronts where we must work, to have a colombian penitentiary system with a new dimension more humane
and to get some real responses, are stated","Kolonbiako gartzela poblazioaren zifrak, azken urteetan larriki goruntz egin dute. Mingarria den
errealitate honi, prozesu penalen luzeera eta deshumanizazioa gehitu behar zaizkio, eta guzti horrek herria
jasaten ari den baitegi krisia eman du ondoriotzat.Gobernuak hartu dituen neurriak eta legepideek ez dute
konponbiderik eman. Egoera honen aurrean, Baitegi sistema kolonbianoak erantzun errealak emateko zein
frentetan lan egin behar duen azaltzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25630,1993,"This work analyses the concept of sexual offence and presents a classification of the most frequent types. A detailed description of every one is made, as well as of the clinical aspects and psychological factors implicated on their development.","Sexual irain kontzeptua aztertu eta maizago gertatu ohi diren ereduen sailkapena aurkezten da. Hauetako bakoitzaren azalpen zehatza egiten da, baita ere bere garapenean tartekatuta dauden atal kliniko eta faktore psikologikoena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51887,2021-06-15,"During my student years in Guipuzcoa, I realised there was a niche in the commercial vehicle official concessionaire market: No one was selling DAF vehicles in Guipuzcoa. This is why I decided to perform a research and see if the proposed business would be feasible and profitable. The results yielded by the Business Plan are positive. After analysing different aspects, factors and fields that directly affect or could affect the proposed business, we can underline a favourable environment. Financial and economic expectations do not show the contrary, the project is totally feasible.","Gipuzkoan merkataritzako ibilgailu saltzaile ofizialen merkatuan nitxo bat zegoela konturatu nintzen: inork ez zuen DAF ibilgailurik saltzen Gipuzkoan. Horregatik, hau ikertzea erabaki dut, proposatutako negozioa bideragarria eta errentagarria izango zen ikusteko. Negozio Planak lortutako emaitzak positiboak dira. Proposatutako negozioari zuzenean eragin diezaioketen edo eragin dezaketen alderdi, faktore eta eremu desberdinak aztertu ondoren, ingurune mesedegarria nabarmentzea garrantzitsua da. Finantza eta ekonomia alorretan, iradokizunak ez dute bestela erakusten, proiektua guztiz bideragarria da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31773,2019-02-28,"The principal aim of this study is to highlight the necessity of developing the emotional competences of students in Primary Education. These competences are completely forgotten in the school curriculum, in which is still taking precedence to obtain academic competences. From this starting point, it has been carried out a bibliographic review and it has been evinced the importance of working emotional education in class, among other aspects. In order to do so, mindfulness could be a useful tool. Afterwards, taking into consideration the objectives based on students’ necessities, it has been developed an educational intervention proposal using mindfulness-meditation technique for a school in Biscay. Among the results obtained, it should be noted that students, through the attention payed to emotional competences, were able to identify and reason about different emotions. Lastly, it is discussed the importance that has on the comprehensive development of the student body, not only the learning of academic concepts, but also the significance of knowing and coping with their emotions, feelings and thoughts.","Lan honen xedea Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleriaren gaitasun emozionalak garatzearen beharra azpimarratzea da. Gaitasun hauek guztiz ahaztuta daude eskolako curriculum-ean, non garrantzi handia ematen zaion oraindik gaitasun akademikoak eskuratzeari. Aurretik aipatutakoa abiapuntutzat izanez, azterketa bibliografiko bat aurrera eraman da, eta aztertu diren aspektu guztien artean, eskoletako geletan hezkuntza emozionala lantzeak duen garrantzia nabarmendu ahal da. Horretarako, mindfulness-a tresna baliagarria izan daiteke. Ondoren, ikasleriaren beharrak asetzeko zehaztutako helburuak kontuan hartuta, esku-hartze proposamen bat sortu da arreta osoaren teknika erabiliz Bizkaiko eskola batean praktikara eramateko asmoarekin. Lortu diren emaitzen artean, aipatzekoa da ikasleria, konpetentzia emozionalei ipinitako atentzioaren bidez, gai izan zela emozio ezberdinak identifikatzeko eta horiei buruzko arrazoiketa egiteko. Bukatzeko, ikasleriaren garapen integrala lortzeko beharrezkoak diren gaitasunei buruz eztabaidatu da, izan ere, ez da beharrezkoa soilik ikasleek kontzeptu akademikoak ikastea, baizik eta oinarrizkoa da ere haien emozioak, pentsamenduak eta sentimenduak ezagutzea eta kontrolatzen jakitea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19661,2016-11-30,"The aim of this project is to design a flexible arm that will be used for tracking a process of cervical rehabilitation. The project stems from several needs, the realization of projects EOG in the medical field, the study of the benefits of ABS material and the need for a system that allows knowing the status of the cervical spine. This requires designing a prototype of an arm capable of performing some measurements accurately.","Proiektu honen helburua errehabilitazio zerbikal baten prozesuaren jarraipenean erabiltzeko beso malgu bat diseinatzea da. Proiektu hurrengo beharren ondorioz sortzen da: gradu bukaerako proiektuen egitea medikuntza arloan, ABS materialaren prestazioen ikerketa eta zerbikalaren egoera ezagutzeko aukera ematen duen sistemaren beharra. Horretarako beso baten eredua diseinatuko da neurketa zehatz egiteko gai izango dena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29203,2018-10-22,"The idea of this Project arises from the increasing need among enterprises to improve  economic management. Reducing costs is a problema that is very present in manufacturing companies and with this aim, the project is focused in the construction of an optimal tool in order to optimise the manufacturing costs using linear programming. The problem lies in knowing the volume that has to be produce in a paint factory, fulfilling some restrictions, in order to face the mínimum costs.","Projektu hau, enpresek beraien gestio ekonomikoa hobetu dezaten asmoz, sortu da. 
Gaur egun, enpresa asko, kostuak txikitzeko arazoarekin topatzen da, hortaz projektu 
honen ardatza, produkzio kostuak optimizatzeko tresna baten eraiketa da, programazio linealaz baliatuz. Ariketa, zenbait murrizketa bete ta gero, zenbatekoa izan behar den margo fabrika baten produkzioan datza, koste minimoak lortzea helburua izanik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14431,2015-02-17,"This study has its aim in analyzing the performance of different ITS applications over the NeMHIP mobility protocol, which guarantees a high level of security and quality of service. Firstly, the different applications will be chosen. After this, the most significant parameters to measure performance will be identified and a test plan and scenario will be defined. Then measurements will be taken with the previously selected applications, and finally, the obtained results will be analyzed to determine the efficiency of each application over the NeMHIP protocol.","Ikerketa honen helburua NeMHIP protokoloarekin, zeinek seguritate eta zerbitzu-kalitate goi-maila bermatzen duen, ITS aplikazioen errendimendua analizatzea da. Lehenik eta behin, aplikazio desberdinak hautatuko dira. Ondoren, errendimendua neurtzeko parametro adierazgarrienak identifikatzeaz gain, neurketak egiteko proba-plana eta egoera definituko dira. Geroago, aplikazioen aukera eginda neurketak lortuko dira eta azkenik, lortutako emaitzekin NeMHIP protokoloarekin aplikazio bakoitzeko eraginkortasuna zehaztuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23327,2017-09,"The proposal of this project is to typify metal powder used with the Sulzer Metco feeder for Laser Cladding. For that, different tests have been done for each powder where a relation between the mass flow and angular velocity has been determined. This way, several graphics have been obtained which will economize the process due to the reduction in cost and time. In addition, bulk density has been measured in order to obtain a formula to save in doing the previous tests.
Besides that, in the present work the viability of a Hastelloy X filler material addition over an Inconel 718 substrate is studied. Moreover, in order to determine the optimum process parameters, several tests with different conditions have been done and in each clad, the resulting microstructure, dimensions and mechanical properties have been analyzed.
To achieve both goals, it has been necessary to use several powder, tools and machinery which it is located in the manufacturing workshop of Mechanical Engineering.","Ondorengo proiektua, laser bidezko aporterako erabiltzen den Sulzer Metco elikagailuarentzat hainbat hauts metalikoren karakterizazioa egitean datza. Horretarako, elikagailuaren abiadura angeluarra eta emari masikoa erlazionatzen dituzten hainbat saiakuntza egin dira. Modu honetan, prozesuan kostu murrizpena eta denbora aurreztea eragingo duten grafikoak lortu dira. Gainera, hauts metaliko bakoitzaren itxurazko dentsitatea neurtu da aurretik egindako saiakuntzak egin behar ez izateko.
Bestalde, proiektu honetan Hastelloy X hauts metalikoa Inconel 718-ren gain gehitzeko bideragarritasuna aztertzen da. Lotura honen parametro optimoak lortzekotan, zenbait saiakuntza egin dira non hari bakoitzaren mikroegitura, dimentsioak eta propietate mekanikoak neurtu diren.
Bi helburuak lortzeko, Ingeniaritza Mekanikoko tailerrean dauden hautsen, erreminten eta makina desberdinen erabilpena beharrezkoa izan da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74861,2025-10-02,"Creativity is considered a human competence that can and should be fostered from a very young age. Creativity combines agility, flexibility and originality, qualities that can be developed through educational proposals that integrate play, exploration and experimentation. When students are offered safe, playful and non-judgmental contexts, children feel more prepared to take risks, create and share. That is why the learning situation created is set in an optimal context for second and third cycle primary school students: dance. The learning situation is also evaluated to take into account its effectiveness with respect to an innovative proposal. Therefore, although the proposal has not been able to materialize, it shows a solid and coherent vision of the theoretical principles of creativity and offers students multiple possibilities for artistic, emotional and expressive development.","Sormena gizakiaren berezko gaitasuntzat hartzen da, eta gaitasun hori txikiak garenetik sustatu egin daiteke eta sustatu egin behar da. Sormenak arintasuna, malgutasuna eta originaltasuna uztartzen ditu, eta ezaugarri horiek jolasa, esplorazioa eta esperimentazioa integratzen dituzten hezkuntza-proposamenen bidez landu daitezke. Ikasleei testuinguru seguruak, ludikoak eta inolako epairik gabekoak eskaintzen zaizkienean, haurrak arriskatzeko, sortzeko eta partekatzeko prestatuago sentitzen dira. Horregatik, sortu den ikas-egoera testuinguru ezin hobean planteatzen da Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren eta hirugarren zikloko ikasleentzat, dantza. Ikas-egoera hori ere ebaluatzen da, proposamen berritzaile bati dagokionez duen eraginkortasuna kontuan hartzeko. Hori guztia kontuan hartuta, egindako proposamena gauzatu ezin izan bada ere, sormenaren printzipio teorikoen ikuspegi sendoa eta koherentea erakusten du, eta ikasleei garapen artistiko, emozional eta adierazkorrerako aukera ugari eskaintzen dizkie."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25368,1999,"Starting from a reflection about juridical order principles and, specifically, about penal procedural
Law, an analysis of foreigners situation, their problems and fundamental rights, is made. Likewise, their situation
face the penal proceedings is explained.","Arauketa juridikoaren oinarriei buruzko gogoeta batetik abiatuz, eta Zuzenbide prozesal eta
penalaren bereziki, atzerritarraren egoera, eta beren arazo eta oinarrizko eskubideei buruzko azterketa bat
egiten da. Azkenik, atzerritarrek prozesu penalaren aurrean bizi izaten duten egoera azaldu egiten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36523,2019-11-27,"This report aims to design a wind farm and analyze the technical, economic and
environmental viability of it. For this purpose, is essential to analyze the wind resource
in aim to choose the wind turbine which better works at that wind conditions and to
select the most efficient distribution of the wind turbines.
Also, an economical study will be done, and the impact generated on que
landscape and on the biodiversity will be analyzed. This way, it will be concluded if the
project is viable and profitable.
The purpose of this project is to increase the electricity production by renewable
energies and to decrease the consumption of fossil fuels that pollute the atmosphere.
In consequence, the energetic dependence from fossil fuels exporter countries will
decrease, increasing wealth and dependence on the country.","Dokumentu  honetan  bildutako  lanarenhelburua  parke  eoliko  baten  diseinua egitea eta honen bideragarritasun tekniko, ekonomiko eta ingurumen bideragarritasuna aztertzea  da.  Horretarako,  baliabide  eolikoaren  analisia  egingo  da  lekurik aproposena aukeratzeko  eta  aire  egoera  horiei  hobeto  moldatzen  den  aerosorgailua  eta  hauen banaketa aukeratuko dira.Beste   alde   batetik,   proiektuaren   analisi   ekonomikoa   eta   parke   eolikoak ingurunearen  eta  izaki  bizidunen  gainean  izandako  inpaktua  aztertuz.  Era  honetan, proiektua  bideragarria  eta  errentagarria  de  jakingo  da,  etorkizunean  aurrera  eraman ahal izateko.Proiektuaren   helburua,   elektrizitatearen   sorkuntzan   energia   berriztagarrien parte  hartzea  handitzea  da,  gure  atmosfera  kutsatzen  duten erregai  fosilen  erabilera murriztuz.  Gainera,  era  honetan,  erregai  fosilak  esportatzen  dituzten  herrialdeetatik dugun menpekotasun energetikoa ere murriztu egingo da, herrialdearen aberastasuna eta autonomia handituz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54035,2021-11-23,"Venus has one of today’s most unknown atmospheres with one of the unsolved mysteries being the origin and maintenance of its polar vortices. VIRTIS-M, the imaging spectrometer from Venus Express spacecraft, observed this peculiar structure day after day from 2006 to 2014. In this project, we measured the wind field at two atmospheric levels (≈42 km and ≈62 km above the surface) using images at 1.74 and at 3.8 or 5.1 μm obtained by the VIRTIS instrument for 11 different dates when the South Polar Vortex showed different morphologies. We determined the wind velocity by cloud tracking in more than three pairs of images per date. We also produced instantaneous and averaged relative vorticity maps in order to estimate the rotation degree of the structures.

In order to study Venus's polar atmospheric dynamics in greater depth, we additionally measured the three-dimensional distribution of the air temperature in 3 of the 11 dates, since the infrared channel of VIRTIS-M instrument provides a spectrum for each pixel of the image in the 1.0 - 5.1 μm range. Using radiative transport and inversion techniques, we calculated the spatial distribution of the temperature for several atmospheric levels between 55 and 85 km height. By dividing this height range into sufficiently thick layers, we were also able to estimate the static stability of the polar region in order to identify the most and least stable structures.

Lastly, we studied the short term evolution of the atmospheric dynamics (winds and temperature) in one of the analyzed dates.","Artizarrak gaur egungo atmosfera ezezagunenetako bat du, bere misterioetako bat zurrunbilo polarren jatorria eta mantenua delarik. VIRTIS-M, Venus Express espazio-ontziko irudi-espektrometroak, egitura berezi hau egunez egun behatu zuen 2006tik 2014ra. Lan honetan atmosferako bi altueratako (gainazaletik ≈ 42 km eta ≈ 62 km-ra) haize eremua neurtu dugu, Hego Poloko Zurrubiloak morfologia desberdinak zituen 11 egunetarako 1.74 eta 3.8 edo 5.1 μm-tan VIRTIS-ek hartutako irudiak erabiliz. Haizearen abiadura \textit{cloud tracking} bidez zehaztu dugu, egun bakoitzeko hiru irudi pare baino gehiagotan. Bortizitate erlatiboaren aldiuneko eta batezbesteko mapak ere osatu ditugu, egituren biraketa gradua zenbatesteko.

Artizarraren dinamika atmosferiko polarra sakonago aztertzeko, airearen tenperaturaren banaketa tridimentsionala ere neurtu dugu 11 egunetatik 3tan, VIRTIS-M tresnaren kanal infragorriak 1.0 eta 5.1 μm-ko tartean pixel bakoitzerako emandako espektroei esker. Inbertsio eta garraio erradiatiboko teknikak erabiliz, 55 eta 85 km-ko altuera arteko hainbat maila atmosferikoetarako tenperaturaren banaketa espaziala kalkulatu dugu. Altuera tarte hori lodiera nahikoko geruzatan zatituz, eskualde polarraren egonkortasun estatikoa zenbatetsi ahal izan dugu, horrela egitura egonkorrenak eta ez hain egonkorrak identifikatzeko.

Azkenik, dinamika atmosferikoaren (haizea eta tenperatura) epe laburreko bilakaera ikertu dugu aztertutako egunetako batean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67783,2024-05-08,"Often, the transformative tone of music, as well as the inclusion of minority students, is not
part of a school's curriculum. With this project, in a state school in Bilbao, it's been aimed to
raise awareness around the LGBTQI+ community, a group that has been targeted,
discriminated and hated throughout history, to provide equal treatment and nourishment to its
diversity through music. 12 students, ages 10-12, years were asked to create a song, looking
at rhythm, instrumentation, and lyrics with their group. They were encouraged to work on
their experimentation, active participation, and creativity, taking into account their realities,
interests, and previous knowledge. The teachers and participants both concluded that this
project had allowed the students to develop skills of awareness, self-esteem, critical vision,
group cohesion, and development of music creation","Askotan gertatzen da musikaren kutsu eraldatzailea ez dela lantzen ikastegietako musika
saioetan, eta ikastegietan bertan, minoria ezberdinen inklusioa ez dela bermatzen. Proiektu
honekin, Bilboko eskola publiko batean, historian zehar egoera desatseginak bizi behar izan
dituen LGTBIQ+ kolektiboa ezagutarazi nahi izan da, musikaren bitartez aniztasunari trataera
egokia emanez. 10-12 urte bitarteko 12 ikasle abesti baten sorkuntzan murgildu izan dira,
horren erritmoa, instrumentala eta letra talde lanaren, esperimentazioaren, parte-hartze
aktiboaren eta sormenaren bitartez eraikiz, haien errealitateak, interesak eta aurrezagutzak
kontuan izanik. Azkenik, irakasleen zein parte-hartzaileen hausnarketak entzutearen bidez,
lan honekin gaiarekiko sentsibilizazioa, autoestimua, ikuspegi kritikoa, talde kohesioa eta
sorkuntza musikalak aurrera eramateko gaitasunak garatu izan dituztela ondorioztatu egin da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14026,2015-01-16,"English: Presently, due to the importance of the English language, it is a subject which is learned during primary school in many countries as a second or foreign language. Even so, the populations of all countries do not reach the same proficiency in the language. Taking into account that the use of learning strategies can be crucial to achieve certain competencies in language, the aim of this work was to analyze the use of strategies, when learning English, in two areas where the context was not the same (Norway- Bodø and Basque Country [autonomous community]), in two classes of primary education, using the comparative descriptive method. Results showed that the Norwegian group used learning strategies more frequently. Given this, a possible correlation between context and the use of  learning strategies can be suggested.","Euskaraz: Gaur egun, munduan ingeles hizkuntzaren garrantzia dela eta, hainbat herrialdeen lehen hezkuntzan, bigarren edo atzerriko hizkuntza bezala, ikasten den ikasgaia da. Hala ere, herrialde guztietako biztanlerian ez da gaitasun berdina lortzen. Hizkuntza ikas estrategien erabilerak, xede-hizkuntzaren gaitasunak lortzeko erabakigarriak izan daitezkeela kontuan izanda, lan honen helburua, ingelesa ikasterakoan, testuinguru ezberdinak duten bi lurraldeen (Norvegia-Bodø eta Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa)  ikas-estrategien erabilera aztertzea izan da, lehen hezkuntzako bi taldeetan, metodo deskriptibo konparatiboa erabiliz. Emaitzek erakutsi zuten, norvegiar taldeko ikasleek euskal taldekoek baino maizago ikas-estrategiak erabiltzen zituztela. Honekin, testuingurua eta ikas estrategiak erabiltzearen arteko korrelazio posible bat iradoki daiteke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42087,2020-03-10,"The  European  Union  has  recently  approved  the  new  Payment  Services  Directive Two,PSD2.  This  regulation  linked  with  Open  Banking,  pretends  to  challenge  the  traditional banking system known until nowadays, and it looks like leading to this system to a new era,  the  post-PSD2  era  specifically.  In  this  new  stage,  the  apparition  of  new  actors  as Fintechs or BigTechs is already a reality, and from this point on the main goal is to predict the projection that those  new  actor  could have in  the  future  and  which strategy they may use to maintain in the market. Moreover, one of the main final tasks of the work is to  try  to  offer  a  recommendation  about  treating  the  new  actors  as  competitors  or  as collaborators in a so apparent hostile field.","Orain  dela  gutxi,  Europar  Batasunak  PSD2,  Europako  ordainketa-zerbitzuen  inguruko zuzentaraua, onartu du. Araudi honek, Open Bankingarekin batera, gaur egun ezagutzen dugun banku-sistema tradizionalari erronka egin nahi dio, etasistema honek aro berri batera bultzatzen ari diola dirudi, post-PSD2 arora hain zuzen ere. Etapa berri honetan, Fintech edo BigTech moduko aktore berrien agerpena errealitate bat da dagoeneko eta une  honetatik  aurrera  egin  beharreko  lana  zera  da;  aktore hauek  merkatuan  zer proiekzio   duten   aurreikustea   eta   ea   zer   estrategia   mota   erabiliko   duten   bertan mantentzeko.  Zehazki,  honako  hau  da  lanaren  bukaerako  helburuetako  bat,  hasiera batean  hain  lehiakor  dirudien  merkatu  batean,  aktore  berri  hauek  lehiakide  edo kolaboratzailetzat hartzearen inguruan gomendio bat ematea hain zuzen ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29487,2018-10-31,"ABSTRACT
This document describes a research project based on planar parallel continuum mechanisms analysis.
The objective is to deepen the knowledge of this type of mechanisms that have great advantage over conventional rigid-rods mechanisms, and therefore, they are being increasingly developed and have great potential for industrial applications. The purpose is to study the theorical behavior of this type of mechanisms and to solve both the direct and inverse kinematic problems for 2 and 3 degrees of freedom mechanisms through the use of Matlab software, which allows great flexibility when considering different working situations. Obtained results will be analysed in detail so that conclusions will be taken.","LABURPENA 
Dokumentu honek ultramalguak, lauak eta kate itxikoak diren mekanismoen analisia den ikerketa-lana jasotzen du. 
Hain zuzen, mekanismo mota horien ezagueran sakontzea du helburu. Mekanismo horiek, barrako mekanismo konbentzionalekin alderatuz, abantaila handiak dituzte. Beraz, mekanismo horiek garapen handia izan dute, industrian aplikatzearren. Lanak mekanismo horien jarduera teorikoa aztertzea du helburu, baita arazo zinematiko zuzena eta alderantzizkoa ebaztea ere, bi eta hiru askatasun graduko mekanismoetan. Horretarako, Matlab software-a erabiliko da hainbat egoera aztertzeko aproposa da eta. Horrenbestez, analisi sakonaburutuko da, hainbat ondorio lortzearren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14389,2015-02-11,"The aim of this project is the development of a three phase voltage source inverter control system using a pulse width modulation based on selective harmonic elimination. Current techniques, methods to carry out the proposed control system, tasks that have to be done during the development of the project, economic estimation and the obtained results, are described on this paper. By this, it is intended to show that the efficiency of the proposed solution is higher than the current methods, and it is possible to implement in a simple way.","Lan honen helburua, PWM-ren modulazioaren bidez, hiru faseko inbertsorearen kontrol sistema baten garapena da, armonikoak ezabatzea oinarrituta. Dokumentu honetan gaurko sistemetan erabilitako teknikak, proposatutako kontrol sistema implementatuko metodoak, proiektua garapenaren zehar egiteko zereginak, estimazio ekonomikoa eta lortutako emaitzak deskribatzen dira. Honekin, frogatu nahi da proposatuko soluzioaren efizientzia gaurko metodoak baino handiagoa dela eta modu erraza implementatu posiblea dela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57141,2022-08-02,"The productive use of wind energy requires that wind farms are located in areas with good wind resources; locations that are often close to relatively weak grids that pose a constraint to wind energy injection.

This paper defines weak grids and summarizes the potential problems that can be caused by injecting wind power into them. The operation and control of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) is also analyzed. After the theoretical analysis, this wind turbine connected to a weak grid is modeled using MatLab and Simulink, and the purpose of the work is to observe the possible problems caused by this generator in the grid, at the load connection point.","Energia eolikoaren erabilera produktiboak, parkeak baliabide eoliko oneko guneetan egotea eskatzen du; energia eolikoaren injekziorako muga eragiten duten sare ahul samarretik gertu egon ohi diren tokiak. 

Lan honek sare ahulak definitzen ditu eta hauetan haize-energia injektatzeak eragin ditzakeen arazoak laburbiltzen ditu. Iman iraunkorreko sorgailu sinkronoaren (PMSG) baten funtzionamendua eta kontrola ere aztertzen da.Analisi teorikoaren ondoren, mota horretako aerosorgailu bat modelatzen da sare ahul bati konektaturik MatLab eta Simulink erabiliz; izan ere, lanaren helburua, sorgailu honek sarean, kargaren konexio gunean sor ditzakeen arazoak behatzea baita."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30300,2018-12-12,"Abstract: In this BsC final degree project, different configuration and network architecture settings for the standard ATSC 3.0 are studied. The work analyzes bitrate requirements, associated ATSC 3.0 modes and several network architecture options. Both calculations and minimum requirements of SNR have been analyzed and simulations in selected environments have been carried out. The field strength distribution of each transmitter have been obtained using SPLAT!. Afterwards, to estimate the coverage probability for each service, a toolbox coded on Python has been applied. By means of these simulations, some implementation guidelines for deploying ATSC 3.0 services are given for each selected scenario.","Laburpena: Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan, ATSC 3.0 estandarrak barruan har ditzakeen konfigurazio ezberdinak eta sare arkitektura aztertzen dira. Igorri ahalko diren zerbitzurentzako (UHD, HD, …) bitrate betekizunak eta sare-plangintza ezberdinak ikertuko dira. Behin eragiketak eta beharrezko SNR minimoak lortuta, hautatutako ingurune bakoitzerako simulazioekin hasiko da. Lehenengo eta behin, transmisore bakoitzak igorritako eremu elektrikoaren balioak lortzeko, SPLAT! softwarea erabiliko da. Ondoren, zerbitzu bakoitzerako estaldura zenbatespenak lortuko dira Pythonen kodetutako erreminta baten bidez. Simulazio hauen bitartez, ATSC 3.0 sistemaren ezarpenerako hainbat gomendio eskainiko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17672,2016-03-16,"The aim of this research is to prove whether the English textbooks used in the first cycle of Primary meet the theories of language learning, the Common European Framework of Reference and the Curriculum. Six variables, which later have been employed to analyze six textbooks used in the Basque Country, have been designed based on these theories and documents. From this research it may be concluded that the analyzed textbooks do not meet the communicative approach or the task-based learning proposed by legislation. However, the language input is given within a context and, following the Curriculum, cultural aspects are also learnt.","Ikerketa honen bidez, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan erabiltzen diren Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo zikloko ingeleseko testuliburuak hizkuntzen ikaskuntzaren teoriei, Europako Erreferentzia Marko Bateratuari eta Curriculum dokumentuei egokitzen zaizkien baieztatu nahi izan da. Horretarako, aipatutako teorietan eta dokumentuetan oinarrituta, sei aldagai diseinatu eta, horiek erabiliz, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan erabiltzen diren sei testuliburu aztertu dira. Ikerketatik ondorioztatzen da aztertutako testuliburuak ez datozela bat legediaren ikuspegi komunikatiboarekin ezta atazetan oinarritutako ikaskuntzarekin ere. Hala ere, hizkuntzaren inputa testuinguruan ematen dute eta, Curriculumean eskatzen den bezala, aspektu kulturalak lantzen dituzte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19869,2016-12-15,"The main objective of this paper is to analyze the behavior of lubricants in the upsetting process, making use of this software simulation tool forging QFORM. Using this tool the behavior of different materials depending on different commercially available lubricants, and other input parameters studied. Thus they can evaluate which are the most efficient in reducing adverse effects that may occur in the upsetting process.","Lan honen helburu nagusia da, lubrifikatzaileen jokaera aztertzen du upsetting prozesuan, hau software simulazio tresna forja QFORM aprobetxatuz . Tresna honek merkatuan eskuragarri dauden ezberdinak lubrifikatzaileak , eta beste sarrerako parametroak ikertu arabera material desberdinak portaera erabiliz . Horrela zein diren beharbada upsetting prozesu gertatzen dira efektu kaltegarriak murrizteko eraginkorra ebaluatu ahal izango dute ."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16491,2015-12-16,"By the Department of Mechanical Engineering there is a need to acquire a deeper knowledge in the usage of robotics simulation software. Concretely, in this Final Work of Degree, it has been selected the RobotStudio software so that it could be analyzed with the intention to highlight the options and capabilities of interest that this software provides. The main objective of this Final Work of Degree is to synthesize the knowledge obtained at the usage of the program by performing a series of tasks or simulations of increasing complexity, so that this knowledge can be used later as instructional support in lectures given by teachers, as well as in a more professional environment intended for industrial practice.","Ingeniaritza Mekanikoaren Sailaren aldetik, simulazio robotiko softwareekin lan egiteko daukaten ezagutza sakontzeko beharra dago. Konkretuki, Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, RobotStudio izeneko softwarea hautatu egin da eta horren analisia egin da non software horrek eskaintzen dituen interes handieneko aukerak eta gaitasunak nabarmendu nahi izan den. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia zera da: programaren erabilerari buruzko lortu egin diren ezagutzak ezagutaraztea, programarekin egin diren lan eta simulazioen bitartez; haien zailtasuna handiagotzen den ahala. Geroago, ezagutza horiek guztiak alor ezberdinetan aplikatu ahal dira: klase teorikoetan laguntza didaktiko bezala irakasleen eskuetan, baita ere inguru profesionalago batean, ekintza industrialera zuzenduta dagoena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/49073,2020-12-15,"The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is the cause of the worldwide spread Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV expresses a single viral glycoprotein in the viral membrane: envelope (Env). This glycoprotein is formed by a trimer formed by two subunits, a surface gp120 protein and a transmembrane gp41 protein. In HIV, the cytoplasmic domain (CTD) sequence of the gp41 protein is uncommonly long among other lentiviruses and highly conserved within HIV serotypes, suggesting possible essential function in HIV´s life cycle. Preliminary results from the group show that the CTD is responsible for protein-cholesterol interaction and that such interaction is necessary for Env clustering within viral membrane. Moreover, clustering of Env has been proved to be a prerequisite for viral infection. Palmitoylation is thought to be one of the responsible factors for targeting membrane proteins, including Env, to cholesterol rich domains, commonly called, lipid rafts. However, studies were conducted by using DRM (Detergent Resistant Membrane) method which presents limitations in the establishment of a reliable direct association between proteins and lipid rafts. Since DRM extraction conditions can form new lipid-protein assemblies, the objective of this study was to clarify the role of palmitoylation in the interaction of the gp41 CTD-cholesterol in vivo by new techniques, such as, Click chemistry and radioactive photoactivable lipids. Experiments were performed with the HIV-1NL4-3 C762S mutant, which presents the substitution of the cysteine residue to serine in the 762nd position of the CTD, and therefore, it lacks of palmytoilation. The results of this scientific study demonstrate that the interaction of Env protein to cholesterol through the CTD is not due to palmitoylation, but direct domain-viral membrane interaction.","Giza Immunoeskasiaren Birusaren (GIBaren) infekzioa mundu osoan zehar zabaldutako Hartutako Immuno Eskasiaren Sindromearen (HIESaren) kausa da. GIBaren mintzean jatorri birikoko proteina bakarra adierazten da: gainazal glikoproteina (Env). Env bi azpiunitatez osatutako trimero gisa txertatzen da mintzean: mintz kanpoko gp120 proteina eta gp41 transmintz proteina. GIBaren gp41 proteinak, Lentivirus generoko gainontzeko birus gehienek ez bezala, domeinu zitoplasmatiko (DZ) luzea du; gainera, GIBaren andui ezberdinetan sekuentzia sendoki kontserbatzen da. Honek, DZak GIBaren bizi-zikloan funtzio gakoa izan dezakeela iradokitzen du. Gure taldean burututako ikerketen emaitzek, Env proteinak kolesterolarekin elkar eragiteko gp41aren DZa nahitaezko eragilea dela frogatu dute, baita elkarrekintza hori Env proteina guztien taldekatzea (clustering-a) emateko beharrezkoa dela ere; gainera, Env azaleko glikoproteinen multzokatze hau ezinbestekoa da birusak infekzio gaitasuna eskuratu dezan. Palmitoilazioak proteinak, Env barne, kolesterolean aberatsak diren domeinuetara, baltsa lipidikoetara alegia, bideratzen dituenaren ebidentzia dago. Hala ere, ikerketa horiek detergenteekiko mintz erresistenteen (DRM, Detergent Resistant Membrane) metodoetan oinarrituta daude eta teknika honen mugak direla eta, ez dute zuzenki frogatzen baltsa lipidikoetarako asoziazioa. Izan ere, DRM erauzketa baldintzek lipido-proteina asoziazio berriak sortaraz ditzakete. Hala, lan honen helburua, gp41 proteinaren DZko palmitoilazioak Env-kolesterol elkarrekintzan daukan papera in vivo aztertzea da, klik kimika metodoaren eta lipido fotoaktibagarrien erabilerarekin. Esperimentuak gauzatzeko GIB-1NL4-3 C762S mutantea erabili da, zeinak 762. aminoazido posizioan zisteina serina ordezkapena duen eta beraz, palmitoilazioa galtzen duen. Ikerkuntza lan honek DZaren palmitoilazioa Env-kolesterol elkarrekintzaren erantzule ez dela frogatzen du, interakzioa DZaren eta mintzeko kolesterolaren artean zuzenean ematen delarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16256,2015-11-30,"Research of brain signal obtaining, electroencephalogram sensor and brain waves processor circuit creation for controlling a pneumatic cushion which will help incapacitated people stand up from their sits. This way, initial steps to build a mind controlled exoskeleton will be taken.","Burmuin seinaleak lortzeko ikerketa, elektroentzefalograma sentsoreen eta burmuin uhinak prozesatzen dituen zirkuitu baten sorkuntza kuxin neumatiko bat kontrolatzeko persona minusbalaitatuak altzatzen laguntzeko. Modu honetan exoezur mentalki kontrolatu bat eraikitzeko lehenengo pausuak eman nahi dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14440,2015-02-18,"The aim of this project is the design and implementation of a tool for the integration of Internet Quality of Service (QoS) data published by the Spanish regulator. This tool intends, on one side, to unify the different formats in which QoS data is published on regulators website and, on the other side, to facilitate the maintenance of the data, so historical records, statistic data and other reports. Unfortunately, on the regulator's website, only the data from the past 5 quarters can be accessed, and data published earlier will not remain accessible since it´s replaced for the most recent data, so from the end user's point of view, this data is lost. The tool proposed in this project solves this problem unifying formats and facilitating the access to data of interest. The latest technologies in web application design have been used for the system design and, therefore, there are high possibilities for future enlargements and enhancements.","Ikerketa-proiektuak espainiar erreguladorea Interneten argitaratutako zerbitzu kalitate datuen (QoS) integraziorako erremintaren diseinu eta inplementazioa ditu helburu. Alde batetik, erremintak QoS-datuak argitaratzen diren formatu desberdinak bateratzea eta, bestetik, historiko, datu estatistiko eta txostenak lortzearen laguntzak ematea datuen kontserbazioa erraztuz. Erreguladorearen web-orrialdean azken bost hiruhilabeteko datuei sar daiteke eta lehenago argitaratutako datuak berritzen dira, beraz, erabiltzailearen ikuspuntutik datu hauek galtzen dira. Lan honetan proposatutako erremintak arazo hau konpontzeaz gain, interes-datuetara sarbidea errazten du eta formatuak bateratzen ditu. Sistemaren diseinua egiteko web-aplikazio-garapeneko azken teknologiak erabili dira, beraz, etorkizunean egin daitezkeen handitzeen potentzia eta posibilitateak nahiko handiak dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25434,1999,"Civil wars are a very eloquent example of the dynamic superiority inherent to the warlike
orientation’s process opposite to those with a peaceful orientation. The possibilities of escalating and to be
perpetuated, and the social implantation of the rival phenomenon seems to confirm the idea of the structural
superiority of violent process above those of peaceful process.","Gerrate zibilak, guda prozesuek bake prozesuen aurrean duten gain dinamikaren benetako
adibide bezala agertzen dira. Denboran zehar orokortzeko eta irauteko posibilitateak eta aurkako fenomenoen
gizarteratzeak, badirudi indarkeriazko prozesuek bake prozesuen aurrean duten nagusitasunaz hitzegiten
duten tesiak baieztatzen dituztela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58195,2022-10-26,"The issue of immigration has been very controversial in society for many years. We tend to have many prejudices about immigrants, but especially about immigrants who are in an irregular situation. For this reason, in the first part of the study, a bibliographic search was carried out in order to analyse the process of immigrants' trajectory, specifically, the situation in which they find themselves when they arrive in Spain. The second part of the study has been focused on immigrant women, for which a practical approach was carried out through different interviews. A qualitative methodology was used and open in-depth interviews were conducted on the basis of a semi-structured script. Through these interviews, the life stories of these immigrant women were revealed.","Immigrazioaren gaia, urte askotan oso eztabaidagarria izan da gizartearentzat. Aurreiritzi asko izan ohi ditugu etorkinen inguruan, baina, batez ere, modu irregularrean dauden etorkinen inguruan. Hau dela eta, ikerlanaren lehen zatian, bilaketa bibliografiko bat gauzatu da immigranteen ibilbide prozesua aztertu ahal izateko eta zehazki, Espainiara iristen direnean zein egoeratan aurkitzen diren behatzeko. Lanaren bigarren zatia, emakume etorkinetan zentratu nahi izan da, eta honetarako, hurbilketa praktiko bat egin da, zenbait elkarrizketen bitartez. Horretarako, metodologia kualitatiboa erabili da, eta elkarrizketa ireki sakonak egin dira, gidoi erdi egituratu batetik abiatuta. Honen bitartez, emakume etorkin hauen bizitza istorioak ezagutarazi dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/70273,2024-10-31,"This work presents an experimental study on the flow dynamics in hydrokinetic turbines, using measurements conducted in a laboratory with hydroacoustic measurement tools. The longitudinal, transverse, and vertical mean velocities, as well as the turbulent kinetic energy and flow deviations, are characterized both upstream and downstream of the turbine. The analysis focuses on the interaction between the flow and the turbine, and the disturbances it generates in the current, highlighting the implications for the design of more efficient and optimized turbines. Additionally, improvements in turbine design and control were implemented through 3D printing. The results provide key recommendations for improving the efficiency and design of hydrokinetic turbines, contributing to their development in the field of renewable energy.","Lan honek turbina hidrozinetikoetako fluxuaren dinamikari buruzko azterketa esperimental bat aurkezten du, laborategian neurketa-tresna hidroakustikoekin egindako neurketak erabiliz. Luzetarako batez besteko abiadura, zeharkakoa eta bertikala ezaugarritzen dira, baita energia zinetiko zurrunbilotsua eta fluxuaren desbideratzeak ere, turbinatik ur gora zein ur behera. Analisia fluxuaren eta turbinaren arteko elkarreraginean eta korrontean sortzen dituen perturbazioetan oinarritzen da, eta turbina eraginkorragoak eta optimizatuagoak diseinatzeko inplikazioak nabarmentzen dira. Halaber, hobekuntzak ezarri ziren turbinaren diseinuan eta kontrolean, 3D inprimaketaren bidez. Lortutako emaitzek funtsezko gomendioak ematen dituzte turbina hidrozinetikoen eraginkortasuna eta diseinua hobetzeko, eta energia berriztagarrien esparruan garatzen laguntzen dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41351,2020-02-20,"The aim of this end-of-grade project has been to analyse the autonomous activity of young children through recordings and subsequent systematic observation in a Pikler-Lóczy educational philosophy based school. In particular, we have examined the autonomous activity of children between five and ten months of age, focusing on the relationship between movement itself and free play. On the one hand, in the individual analysis, the rhythm and development of each child have been identified. On the other hand, in the group results, it has been possible to demonstrate and define the relationship between movement itself and free play: when new movements appear there is no game and once the new positions are stabilized, known games reappear, giving way to new games.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburua haur txikien jarduera autonomoa aztertzea izan da. Horretarako, Pikler-Lóczy ereduan oinarritzen den haur eskola batean grabaketak eta, ostean, behaketa sistematikoa gauzatu dira. Bereziki, bost eta hamar hilabete bitarteko haurren jarduera autonomoa ikertu da, berezko mugimendua eta jolas askearen arteko harremana argituz. Alde batetik, umeen banakako azterketan, erritmo eta garapen propioak antzeman dira. Beste alde batetik, taldeko emaitzetan, postura eta mugimenduen eta jolas librearen arteko lotura frogatu eta definitu ahal izan da: mugimendu berriak agertzean ez da jolasik ematen eta behin postura berriak egonkortuta, lehenik ezagunak diren jolasak berriro ageri dira, gutxika jolas berriei lekua uzteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16253,2015-11-30,"Most mechanical pieces in vehicles work under random loads, and so, design must take fatigue analysis into consideration. However, this analysis about random loads has not a specific method to be calculated. Instead, different choices are available. So, in order to choose the best option for each situation, a comparison must be done, which would be the purpose of this project. Not only a theoretical comparison, but also a real situation will be analyzed from a growing important field, the airplane industry. Landing gears are one of the most important parts in an airplane, and they work also under cyclic and random loads, so a correct choice on the design method can be a matter of life or death.","Ibilgailuen pieza ezberdin asko ausazko indarpean lan egin behar izaten dute, eta ondorioz, hauen diseinurako nekeko analisiko pilatutako kaltea kontuan hartu beharra dago. Ala ere, kalkuluetarako ez dago teoria zehatzik jarraitzerik, era ezberdin asko proposatzen baitira honetarako. Beraz, irizpide baten beharra ematen da aukera ezberdinen artean zein erabili erabakitzeko, idatzi honetan teorikoki egiten saiatuko dena. Kasu erreal batean egiaztatzea ere saiatuko da, zehazki hegazkin baten lurreratze tren batean aplikatuta bere gaineko karga motengatik eta sektore aeronautikoko garrantzi hazkorrarengatik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18672,2016-07-20,"In this work we have a general introduction to random matrix theory,
RMT, that later is used to apply to a physical system. This application
will be held in an area of physics known as quantum chaos. Firstly, we are
going to explain how to obtain some concepts of RMT in order to achieve
an expression for the distribution of nearest neighbor spacing. Since this
distribution shows the traces that chaos left in quantum. In the second
chapter the physical application is shown. Firstly, it is explained how
RMT is applied in quantum chaos and then some examples are given,
such as, the hydrogen atom in a magnetic field and the systems known as
quantum billiards.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan ausazko matrizeen teoriari, RMT-ri, buruzko sarrera orokor bat egiten da ondoren aplikazio fisiko bat emateko.
Teoriaren aplikazioa egiteko Kaos kuantikoa deritzon fisikaren arloa erabiliko da. Lehenik eta behin, RMT-ren kontzeptu batzuk azalduko dira helburutzat lehen auzokideen distantziaren distribuzioaren espresio lortzea
izanik. Izan ere, distribuzio honek erakutsiko baititu Kaosak kuantikoki
uzten dituen aztarnak. Bigarren kapituluan, aplikazio fisikoa azalduko da.
Lehenengo Kaosean RMT nola aplikatzen den ikusiko da, ondoren adibide
batzuen bidez argituz, eremu magnetiko batean dagoen hidrogeno atomoa
eta billar kuantikoak izenarekin ezagutzen diren sistemak, batik bat."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52060,2021-06-28,"This research study focuses on the 2007 album ezlekuak by Lisabö band, native to Irun. In this conceptual album that focuses on the social-antropological term of space, we will delve in what this record tells us about space and the spacial dimensions that result with what is done with that space. We will also analyze the ""discourse level"" that's established thru the lyrics in this artistic work, as well as the music and it's production.
This way, combining qualitative and mediation methods of study, we will reach the symbolic, material and imaginary dimensions of space that are present throughout the disc. To this end, and using analysis of word discourse, open interviews with group members and audio-visual etnographies, we will uncover how different dialectic relations form the album ezlekuak.","Ikerketa lan honek Lisabö talde irundarrak 2007. urtean argitaratutako ezlekuak lana du aztergai. Espazioarekin lotzen dugun termino soziologiko-antropologiko hau ardatz duen disko kontzeptual honetan, espazioren inguruan esandakoa eta espazioan egindakoaren ondorio diren dimentsio espazial ezberdinen inguruan arituko gara. Lan artistikoan letren bitartez esaten den horren maila diskurtsiboa analizatuko dugun era berean, egiten denari erreparatzeko, musika eta honen ekoizpenean jarriko dugu arreta. 
Bide honetan, metodo kualitatibo eta artekaritza metodoak konbinatuz, diskoan zehar diren espazioaren dimentsio sinboliko, material eta imaginarioetara iritsiko gara. Horretarako, hitzen diskurtso analisi, taldekideekin elkarrizketa ireki eta ikus-entzunezko etnografiak baliatuz, ezlekuak lana harreman dialektiko ezberdinek osatzen dutela azaleratuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25593,1994,"This work explains the initial conflict when, in 1990, the San Sebastian Hospital. Nuestra Señora de Aránzazu, started assisting ill persons coming from the Provincial Prison of Martutene. Moreover, it presents the Assistance Protocol adopted to solve these problems and the improvement that has brought about regarding the former situation.","Lan honek 1990garren urtean Donostiako Arantzazuko Andra Mariren Hospitaleari Martuteneko presondegitik zetozen espetxeratu gaixoen zaintza ezarri zitzaionean sortutako arazoak adiemzten ditu. Baita ere, arazo hauek konpontzeko zaintzarako onartutako Protokoloa eta lehenagoko egoerari dagokionez suposatu duen hobekuntza aztertzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54114,2021-11-25,"In this Bachelor´s Final Degree Project, the achievements of learning Mathematics have been assessed at the hands of interdisciplinarity. To this end, twelve activities have been carried out in the Physical Education sessions in the first cycle of Primary Education to develop mathematical skills. Then, teacher observation, reflective interview with students, and student-filled rubrics were used as an assessment system. In conclusion, it can be asserted that the more criteria for evaluation, the more accurate the evaluation and that that the motor activities are appropriate tools for students to practice Mathematics in Primary Education.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, Matematikako ikaskuntzaren lorpenak ebaluatu dira
diziplinartekotasunaren eskutik. Horretarako, Gorputz Hezkuntzako saioetan Lehen 
Hezkuntzako lehen zikloan praktikara eraman dira hamabi jarduera Matematika lantzeko. 
Ondoren, irakaslearen behaketa, ikasleekin egindako hausnarketa-elkarrizketa eta ikasleek 
betetako errubrikak erabili dira ebaluazio-sistema modura. Ondorio gisa esan daiteke 
ebaluatzeko gero eta irizpide gehiago eduki orduan eta ebaluazio zehatzagoa lortuko dela eta jarduera motorrak Lehen Hezkuntzan Matematika lantzeko tresna egokiak eta ikasleen 
gustukoak direla."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75417,2025-11-05,"Through this thesis the adaptability of Low Emission Zones in small and medium-sized European cities will be explored, with an especial focus on the Spanish case. Despite the popularity of such measures as a key strategy to combat urban pollution, current legislation and guidelines follow a one-size-fits-all approach, which creates adaptation challenges for smaller cities. Following a bibliometric review, a comparative analysis between the two types of cities and three case studies, this project identifies clear variations in the design and planning processes, stakeholder participation and complementary measures associated with Low Emission Zones. The results show that smaller cities benefit from more holistic and participatory strategies, but that national guidelines, such as the Spanish, promote a strict approach that is not easily adapted to local realities.","Tesi honen bidez, Europako hiri txiki eta ertainetako Isuri Gutxiko Eremuen moldagarritasuna aztertuko da, Espainiako kasuan arreta berezia jarriz. Horrelako neurriek hiri kutsadurari aurre egiteko funtsezko estrategia gisa duten ospearen arren, egungo legediak eta gidalerroek ikuspegi bakarrari jarraitzen diote, eta horrek hiri txikietara egokitzeko erronkak sortzen ditu. Berrikuspen bibliometrikoa, bi hiri moten arteko azterketa konparatiboa eta hiru kasu-azterketa egin ondoren, proiektu honek aldaketa nabarmenak identifikatzen ditu diseinu eta plangintza prozesuetan, alderdi interesdunen parte-hartzean eta Isuri Gutxiko Eremuei lotutako neurri osagarrietan. Hiri txikiek estrategia holistikoagoak eta parte-hartzaileagoak dituzte, baina gidalerro nazionalek, Espainiakoak kasu, tokiko errealitateetara erraz egokitzen ez den ikuspegi zorrotza sustatzen dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26278,1989,"Historical evolution of the Free Teaching Institution, specially in Oviedo, is explained. It is pointed out how humanism and liberty were the bases of this Institution and how these coordenates can and must enrich our university teaching and investigation at the present time.","""Irakaskuntzaren Erakunde Askea"" bilakaera historikoa azaltzen da, bereziki obiedon. Humanismoa eta askatasuna erakundearen oinarria izan zirela esaten da eta koordinatu hauek direla gaur egun, gure unibertsitate-irakaskuntza eta ikerkuntzaren aberastea posible izanik, berau bultzatu behar dutena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29389,2018-10-30,"The aim of this project is to refurbish the Azkorri football field and his auxiliary
facilities. The main reason of this refurbishment is that currently football players
cannot play there as a result of inadequate pitch conditions. A solution for this issue
would be to replace the grass on the football field to a synthetic form of grass. In
addition to this, a new grandstand and changing rooms have also been designed.","Proiektu honen helburua, izenburuak dioenez, Azkorri futbol zelaiaren eta bere
instalazio lagungarrien berritzea da. Honen arrazoi nagusia, gaur egun C.D. Galeak
zelaiaren egoeraren eta instalazioen egoeraren eraginez bertan jokatu ezina da.
Arazo honen konponbide gisa, gaur egungo belar naturaleko futbol zelaia belar
sintetikoko zelaiaz ordezkatzea proiektatu da. Horrez gain, harmaila eta aldagela
berriak ere proiektatu dira, guzti honetarako beharrezkoak diren instalazio
lagungarriak ere diseinatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58661,2022-12-02,"This paper analyses the right to academic freedom for teachers in the non-university sector in Spain. It reviews the theoretical framework in order to establish the way in which both the constituent and the legislator regulate the right. Freedom is closely related to the field of education, since it is the teachers who are the holders and therefore affects all those involved in the sphere of education. For this reason, throughout this paper, the right is contextualised within educational legislation. It is important to distinguish between public and private education, as it will not be equally regulated in each of them. Finally, academic freedom, in its exercise, will come into conflict with various rights, and for a correct resolution of these controversies it is crucial to establish the limits that will be imposed on the right, fundamentally by the Constitutional Court.","Lan honek irakasleen katedra-askatasuna Espainiako unibertsitatez kanpoko esparruan aztertzen du. Katedra askatasunaren arautzea ikertzen dugu ere lan honetan. Askatasun honek lotura estua du hezkuntza arloan, irakasleak baitira eskubide honen titularrak eta beraz, irakaskuntzaren arloan esku hartzen duten guztiei eragiten die. Horregatik, lanean zehar, eskubidea hezkuntza-legediaren barruan aztertu izan dugu. . Garrantzitsua da hezkuntza publikoa eta pribatua bereiztea, ez baita horietako bakoitzean ere arautuko. Azkenik, katedra-askatasuna hainbat eskubiderekin gatazkan sartzen da, eta eskubideen arteko gatazka horiek behar bezala ebazteko ezinbestekoa da Konstituzio Auzitegiak eskubideari ezarriko dizkion mugak ezartzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36866,2019-12-12,"This project develops an expansion module for the RELY-CPPS platform which implements the hardware needed to transform it into a master clock. In order to become a master clock, the RELY-CPPS device must have an NTP/PTP server that allows several slave clients in the network to be synchronized. While the server is developed in the platform’s system, the expansion unit must take care of all the hardware that supports the application.
Therefore, the hardware is based on a GPS receiver connected to a satellite network from which obtains a highly accurate UTC date and time and PPS signal. An external system can be synchronized using both and they are essential for the development on the NTP/PTP server.
Throughout this document, the entire process that leads to the design of a Printed Circuit Board whose purpose is to provide the essential hardware to carry out the synchronization application is detailed.","Proiektu honek RELYUM-aren RELY-CPPS plataformarako hedapen-modulua garatzen du. Moduluak lehen aipatutako sistema maisu-erlojua bihurtzeko beharrezko hardwarea integra-tuko du. Horretarako, RELY-CPPS gailua NTP/PTP zerbitzari bat integratzeko gai izatea, sarean konektatutako bezero esklabo kopuru bat sinkronizatzera baimenduz, beharrezkoa izango da. Zerbitzaria bereko plataforman inplementatzen den ahala aplikazioari laguntza edo sos-tengu ematen den beharreko hardwarea hedapen-unitatera dagokio.
Beraz, modulua satelite sarean konektatzen den GPS hartzaile batean oinarritzen da eta sare horretatik UTC data eta ordua eta PPS seinalea oso era zehatzean lortu ditzake. PPS eta UTC seinale biekin kanpo-sistema sinkroniza daiteke eta, gainera, NTP/PTP zerbitzaria sortzeko funtsezkoak dira.
Dokumentu honetan inpreso-zirkuitu txartel baten diseinura eramaten duen garapen proze-su guztia eta sinkronizazio-aplikazioa burutzeko beharko den hardwarea zehazten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51029,2021-02-25,"-In this thesis, we have developed algorithms to solve large-scale Orienteering Problems. The Orienteering Problem is a combinatorial optimization problem were given a weighted complete graph with vertex profits and a maximum distance constraint, the goal is to find the simple cycle which maximizes the sum of the profits of the visited vertices. To solve the Orienteering Problem, we have developed an evolutionary algorithm and a Branch-and-Cut algorithm. One of the key characteristics of the evolutionary algorithm is to work with unfeasible solutions. From the point of view of genetic operators, the main contribution has been the development of the Edge Recombination Crossover for the Orienteering Problem, which in a wider context it is also valid for any cycle problem. Another contribution has been the developed local search to handle large problems. The Branch-and-Cut algorithm includes new contributions in the separation algorithms of inequalities stemming from the cycle problem, in the separation loop, in the variables pricing, and in the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of the problem. At the same time, we have generalized for cycle problems the support graph shrinking techniques and procedures to speed up the exact separation algorithms for subcycle elimination constraints. The experiments carried out in large-sized instances, up to 7393 nodes, show that both algorithms achieve outstanding results, both in terms of the quality of solutions and in terms of the execution time.","Tesi lan honetan, tamaina handiko Orientazio Problemak ebazteko algoritmoak garatu ditugu. Orientazio Problema optimizazio konbinatorioko problema bat da: herri multzo bat eta hauen arteko distantzia emanik, herri bakoitzak bere saria duelarik, eta ibilbidearen distantzia osoaren murrizketa bat ezarririk, problemaren helburua sarien batura maximizatzen duen ibilbidea aurkitzean datza. Orientazio Problema ebazteko, algoritmo ebolutibo bat eta Branch-and-Cut algoritmo bat garatu ditugu. Algoritmo ebolutiboaren ezaugarri nagusienetako bat, soluzio ez bideragarriekin lan egitea da. Eragile genetikoen ikuspuntutik algoritmo honen ekarpen nagusia Orientazio Problemarentzako proposatutako Ertzen Birkonbinazio Gurutzaketa da. Beste ekarpen bat problema handiak ebazteko aproposa den bilaketa lokala da. Branch-and-Cut algoritmoak berriz, ziklo problementzako banantze algoritmoetan, banantze begiztan, aldagaien baloratzean, eta problemaren goi eta behe-mugen kalkuluan ditu ekarpen nagusiak. Aldi berean, ziklo problementzako algoritmo zehatzaren parte diren euskarri grafoen sinplifikazio teknika eta azpizikloak identifikatzeko separazio algoritmoak aztertu ditugu. Tamaina handiko problemekin, 7393 herrirainokoak, egindako esperimentuek erakusten dute bi algoritmoek primerako emaitzak lortzen dituztela, bai soluzioen kalitatearen aldetik eta bai algoritmoen azkartasunaren aldetik ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19178,2016-10-13,"In this project, it`s going to be carried out a study on the possible supply of a part of the electricity demand in Cadiz by means of offshore wind turbines. Having as purpose promoting the use of these technologies on our shores, in order to contribute not only to the reduction of pollutant emissions but the energy independence. So that, it will be necessary to take multiple aspects into account when choosing the location and the technology to be used in wind turbines, paying special attention to platforms, key part to get the success of this technology in deeper water than is currently implemented nowadays.","Lan honetan Cádizen eskari elektrikoko partearen hornikuntza, haize-sorgailu offshoreen bitartez, ikasiko da. Bere helburua gure kostaldeetan erabilera sustatzea izango da eta horrela Emisio kutsatzaileko murriztapenari eta independentzia energetikoari lagunduko die. Hartarako, kontuan hartuko dira alderdi anizkunak, kokapena aukeratzeko orduan eta, haize-sorgailuetan erabiltzeko den teknologia, arreta plataformetan berezi jarriz, pieza gakoa teknologia honen arraskastarako ur sakonagoetan gaur egungoetan dauden inplementatuak baino."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51046,2021-04-16,"Currently, more than 1.3 billion people in the world do not have access to electricity and and 1  billion more have  unreliable  access.  This  project  moves  to  the  Gambia,  a  country  where slow  progress  in  expanding  the  grid  and  energy  poverty  make  it  impossible  to  supply  rural areas, being forced to use fossil fuelsunrulyand riskily. In this context, decentralized energy generation  seems  to  represent  a  transition optiontowards the electrification  of  the  country, starting from the main national activities. A0.25haMoringa oleiferacultivationin Muritabeh, a small town in the Gambia, is an interesting location to implement a self-sufficient generation system,  estimating  an  approximate  local  consumption  of  1263kWh  per  year.  Photovoltaic solar energy isthenselected as the main generation source, with a minimum installed powerof 4.5kW. The alternatives for its auxiliary generation are, on the one hand, the use of lithium batteries, which manages to supply 80% of the consumption with the incorporation of 2kWh on  a  photovoltaic  power  of  4.5kW,  and,  on  the  other  hand,  an  ORC  system  usinglocally producedbiomass  which, due toits  limited  production,  barely  achieves an  87%  supply  with its  support  to  the  photovoltaic  system.  The  local  conditions  are  then  evaluated  to  conclude that for a complete supply it is necessaryeitherto replace the artificial dehydration stepand reduce local consumption, or to incorporate ORC technology on the solar system of 4.5kW of photovoltaic  capacity  and  2kWh  in  batteries.  In  this  way,  the  system  achieves  a  supply  of 121%  with  respect  to  consumption, stimulatinga  hybridization  that  also  allows  greater flexibility and proportionality with respect to local production.","Gaur  egun  1300  milloi  pertsona  baino  gehiagok  ez  dauka  elektrizitatehornikuntzariketa beste   1000   milloi   pertsonek   segurtasun   murritzekoa daukate.   Proiektu   hau   Gambian ezartzen  da, non grid-aren hedapenmotelaketa  energia  pobreziakarazo  bat adierazten dutenisolaturiko  zonaldeentzat, seguruak  ez  diren  erregaiak  erabiltzera  derrigortuz. Horren ondorioz, deszentralizaturiko  energia  distribuzioa  Gambiaren  elektrifikaziorako  trantsiziozko pausuan   bihurtu   daiteke,   herrialdean   ohikoenak   diren   jardueretatik   hasita.   Gambiankokaturiko 0.25ha-ko ortu  bat,  Muritabeh  izeneko  herri  txiki  batean,  autohornikuntzarako sistema  bat  diseinatzeko  leku  aproposmoduanerabaki  da,  urtero  1263kWh-kokontsumoa egonik  bertako Moringa  oleiferalandarea  tratatzeko.Energia sorrerarakooinarri  moduan, eguzki-energia   fotovoltaikoa erabiltzea erabaki   da,   gutxieneko   4.5kW-ko   potentziadun sistema  aukeratuz.Honen  atzetik,  euskarri  moduan  lan  egin  dezan,  bi  aukeraaztertudira. Alde  batetik  litio  baterien  erabilera,  2kWh-ko  edukiera  duen  bateria  4.5kW-ko potentziadun sistema  fotovoltaikoan  ezarriz  kontsumoaren  %80-ko  hornidura  lortuz.  Beste  aldetik,  bertan sortutako   biomasa   aprobetxatzeko   tenperatura   baxuko   ORC   sistema   ezarriz,   eguzki-energiarekin  bat  egin  eta  %87-ko  hornidura  lortuz.Bertako  baldintzak  hartzen  dira  orduan kontutan  eta  erabateko  hornidura  lotzeko  artifizialki  ezarritako  lehorketa  etapa  ordezkatu egin  behar  dela  edo  ORC  sistema  eta  fotovoltaiko-bateria  sistema  bat  egin  behar  direla ondorioztatu da. Modu honetan, kontsumoarekiko %121-ko ahalmena duen sistema lortu da, flexibilitate  eta  proportzionaltasun  handiagoa  errazten  dituen  sistemaren  hibridazioaren bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23421,2017-11-10,"The ultimate goal of the work that is disclosed in this document, is about the study of a planning of a DTT (Digital Terrestrial Television) broadcasting system applying the characteristics of the scenario A of the WiB (WideBand Reuse 1) with the aim of improving the power consumption of the transmitters while maintaining the spatial and population coverage. In addition to the aforementioned study, a test will be carried out through a case study in which a system with the current standard will be analyzed with the one modified with the WiB system. It will depart from the power information obtained by different transmitters and statistical population data obtained from autonomic databases. For the simulations, the SPLAT and Matlab programs will be used.","Dokumentu honetan eztabaidatzen den masterraren azken helburua TDT (Telebista Digitalaren Telebista) sistemaren plangintza aztertzea WiB-ren eszenatoki A (WideBand Reuse 1) ezaugarriak aplikatuz transmisoreen energia-kontsumoa hobetzeko asmoarekin espazioan eta biztanleriaren estaldura mantenduz da. Aurreko azterketez gain, azterketa bat egingo da kasu-azterketen bidez, eta uneko estandarrarekin sistema bat aztertuko WiB sistemarekin aldatua da. Transmisore ezberdinek lortutako potentzia informazioa eta datu base autonomikoetatik lortutako datu estatistikoen datuak igaroko dira. Simulazioak egiteko, SPLAT eta Matlab programak erabiliko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25558,1996,"Socialization is a process in which individual personality is born and fully developed with regard to the transmited social environment. Through education we reach this socialization not only by means of the knowledge instruction, but also with the help of the transmission of values. Childhood and youth are the stages of life where people must acquire the requirements of a normal life, through the social and cultural integration, and a development of a balanced identity,","Gizartetasuna da prozesu bat zeinaren bidez jaio eta garatzen da banako nortasuna, trasmititu egiten zaion gizarte iguruarekin elkarbidetuta dagoena. Hezkuntzaren bitartez aipatutako gizartetasuna lortzen dugu, eta ez bakarrik ezagueren jakitea dela medio baizik eta balio etikoen trasmisioari esker. Haurtzaroa eta Gaztaroa bizitzaren etapak dira, zeinetan biografia normal baterako betekizunak eskuratu behar dira, giza-kulturazko integrazioa eta nortasun egonkor baten garapenaren bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25000,2008,"In the history of western thinking, the ethical and philosophical interest on the figure of victim is relatively recent. We attend the paradox of a world that creates more victims than ever but, at the same time, try to show more compassionate and humanitarian. From this statement, we deal the matter of victims from a strictly ethical sphere, trying to approach the foundations of the ethic of memory, to obtain a translation in the juridical, political and social field.","Biktimaren gaineko interes etiko eta filosofikoa nahiko berria da mendebaldeko pentsamenduaren historian. Paradoxa baten aurrean aurkitzen gara; alde batetik munduak geroz eta biktima gehiago sortzen ditu eta aldiberean errukior eta gizatiar agertzen saiatzen da. Baieztapen honen arira, biktimen arazoa alderdi etiko batetik aztertzen da, oroimenaren etika baten zimenduak sortuz, itzulpena izan dezan ikuspegi juridiko, sozial eta politikoan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55051,2022-01-18,"The main objective of this project is to design a formation directed towards social educators with the aim of offering them the resources to prevent and intercede over the minors' self-injurious attitudes in the field of the social education, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI). For that purpose, it has been essential to carry out a diagnosis on the matter, and it has been achieved thanks to the participation of several social educators. The mentioned diagnosis has paved the way to analyze the actual reality, including subjects such as different self-injury types given these days, underage's profiles, stigmatisation... The formation is compound of three sessions, each of them addressing different matters and objectives. Starting from a participatory methodology, different dynamics will be developed in each session.","Lan honen helburua gizarte-hezkuntzaren eremuan dauden adingabeen jarrera autolesiboak, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) ingelesez, aurreikusteko eta hauen gainean esku hartzeko baliabideak eskaintzen dituen gizarte hezitzaileei zuzendutako formakuntza baten diseinua da. Hau egiteko, gai honen diagnosia egitea ezinbestekoa izan da eta zenbait gizarte hezitzaileen partaidetzari esker lortu da. Diagnosiari esker gaur egungo errealitatea aztertu ahal izan da, normalean ematen diren autolesioen ereduak, adingabeen profilak, estigmatizazioa… bezalako puntuak landuz. Formakuntza 3 saiotaz osaturik dago, saio bakoitzak gai eta helburu ezberdinak jorratzen dituelarik. Metodologia parte-hartzaile batetik abiatuz, dinamika ezberdinak garatuko dira saio bakoitzean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/8799,2012,"The aim of this book is to offer Basque university students studying for a degree in History and, in general, readers interested in the protohistory of the Iberian Peninsula an up-to-date synthesis by way of introduction to some of the historical processes taking place in the region in the first millennium BC, and more specifically between the First Iron Age (9th - 8th century BC) and the Roman conquest of the peninsula (3rd - 1st century BC). In view of the complexity and heterogeneity of this period, this book focuses on one specific geographical area: the south of the peninsula. This is a privileged area in which the economic, social and cultural transformations brought about among the indigenous populations by the arrival of peoples from the Eastern Mediterranean can be clearly observed. At the same time, these indigenous populations displayed different degrees of historical development.
The book is completed by a selection of texts by ancient authors which provide an introduction to the material on the basis of which a historical discourse can be constructed; a bibliography in which the reader can find both textbooks or works of a more general nature on the major themes touched on here and more specialised works in which readers interested in pursuing analysis of some specific point or issue can find answers to their questions and much more specific, detailed information than can be supplied here. Finally, a series of maps is included with the aim of giving a quick, convenient view of the topics discussed.","Liburu honen helburua honetan datza, Historia Gradua egiten ari diren Euskal Herriko unibertsitateetako ikasleei eta, oro har, Iberiar penintsulako protohistoriaz interesa dutenei hurbilpen eguneratu eta sintetikoa eskaintzean, K.a. lehen milurtekoan —zehatzago, Brontze-bukaera-Burdin Aro-hasiera eta erromatar etaparen hasiera (K.a. 218. urtea) bitartean— penintsulak bizi izandako prozesu historikoei buruz. Aldi horren konplexutasun eta heterogeneotasuna kontuan harturik, zonalde batean jarri da arreta: Iberiar penintsulako hegoaldean. Hain zuzen ere, gune pribilegiatua baita berau, garapen historiko desberdineko herri indigenei Mediterraneo ekialdeko herrien etorrerak –feniziarrenak bereziki– ekarri zizkien eraldaketa ekonomiko, sozial eta kulturalak aztertu ahal izateko.
Atal “teoriko” horri laugarren bat gehitu zaio, non, diskurtso historikoaren oinarritzat erabili ohi diren materialen hurbilpen gisa, Antzinateko autoreen testu sorta bat eskaintzen baitugu, eta bibliografia eransten halaber, aurreko ataletan jorratutako gai nagusiez eskuliburuak zein obra orokorrak biltzen dituena, baita lan berezituagorik ere, aspekturen batean sakondu edo zehaztu nahi duen irakurlearen lagungarri. Azkenik, aipaturiko toki eta zonaldeen identifikazio azkar eta erosoa ahalbidetzeko asmoz, mapa sail batekin osatu da eskuliburua."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14300,2015-01-29,"The policy to support entrepreneurship has been shown essential in order to the economic development of the countries. In this context, the business incubators play an important role; but the innovative business accelerators are evidencing that they are able to transform small start-up companies into leading technology-based companies. So they are being presented as a bet for the future. The studies presented in this assignment show the costs savings and the mentoring as helpful services in incubators programs. The accelerators services however are all considered as useful. Nevertheless, the ability to obtain finance and the mentoring are also considered the best useful services in accelerators programs. Furthermore, in the assignment there are two cases of success with the aim of proposing a good practice corollary which help among others, to improve the Basque Country situation.","Enpresa ekintzailetza sustatzeko politikak ezinbesteko bezala jo dira herrialdeen garapen ekonomikoa bermatzeko orduan. Testuinguru honetan ezagunak diren enpresa inkugabailuen papera oso esanguratsua da. Bestalde sortu berri diren enpresa azelegailuek start-up txikiak arin haziarazteko ahalmena daukatela erakutsi dute, honek baldintzatzen du politika hauen noranidea. Lan honetan ikasketa bi aztertu dira, batek inkubagailuek start-up ei eskaintzen dizkieten baliabide esanguratsuenak kostuen aurreztea eta mentoring a direna plazarazten du, besteak ordea azeleragailuek eskaintzen dituzten zerbitzu guztiekiko, partaideek daukaten begi ona adierazten digu. Aipatu beharra dago hala ere, azeleregailuen zerbitzu estimatuenak ematen dituzten finantziazio aukerak eta mentoring a direla ere. Horretatik aparte arrakasta duten bi kasuren azterketa burutu da aurrekoa batuz, jardute egokien zerrenda bat egin ahal izateko; besteak beste Euskal Autonomi Erkidegoaren egoerari aurre egiteko baliogarria izango delakoan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27339,1998,"To interpret the sense of the reeducational function of the privative of liberty penalties, such as
the article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution indicates, it must be in touch with the article 27.2 of this
fundamental text where the right to education is stated. Starting from this assertion, it is made an exhaustive
analysis of the meaning of the article 25.2 CE, explaining the concepts of the personnlity development, the
democratic cohabitation or the fundamental rigths and duties, amongst other things, and the specific social
content of this precept and the interpretatives positions in the matter are seted out.","Konstituzio Espainoleko 25.2 artikuluak adierazten duen bezala, askatasunaren aurkako
zigorren helburu hezitzailearen zentzua interpretatzeko, hezkuntza eskubidea azaltzen den oinarrizko
testuaren 27.2 artikuluarekin konektatu behar da. Hau baieztatu ondoren K.E. 25.2 artikuluaren analisi
zehatz bat egiten da, pertsonalitatearen garatze, elkarbizitza demokratiko edo oinarrizko eskubide eta
betebeharren kontzeptuetan geldituz, bere edukin soziala eta jarrera interpretatiboekin amaitzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14803,2015-03-30,"In this paper we will tay to explain the work process, development and possible uses for this device as a control method on an industrial use frame focused to economy","Idatzi honen helburua lan metodoa, garapena baita gailu honen erabilera desberdinak kontrol metodo gisa ekonomiara zuzendutako gune industrialetan aurkeztea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25594,1994,"After some juridical and sociological considerations about the situation of foreign prisoners in an international perspective, the increase in the number of foreigners in prison is interpreted, and it is analysed the inequality situations. Finally, the expulsion, transfer and tlhe investment in penitentiary institutions are studied as possible solutions.","Atzerrilar atxilotuen egoerari buruzko juridiko-soziologiko burutapen desberdinak azaltzen dira, nazioarteko ikuspegi batetik. Eta Nazio gehienetan atzerrilarren kopuruaren gehiagotzez adierazpen bat egin ondoren, zinezko desberdintasunaren egoerak ikertu egiten dira eta, gertagarri askabide gisa, kanporatzea, aldaketa eta penitentziari bideetan inbertsioa aztertzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60003,2023-02-20,"The present Final Degree Project aims to analyze whether self-concept influences reading comprehension in students in the third cycle of Primary Education. Based on the scientific and bibliographic research carried out in the theoretical framework, two questionnaires have been provided to students in 5th and 6th grades of Primary Education, which show the Evaluation of Reading Comprehension (ERC) and the level of self-concept, both by dimensions and in general (AF-5). The data reveal that there may be a correlation between both variables because some of the participants meet both requirements, although it cannot be underlined for sure because students with a very low level of self-concept and a very high comprehension can be found. The research work carried out calls into question numerous taboos and makes it possible to go deeper into the teaching-learning process of reading comprehension.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia, Lehen Hezkuntzako hirugarren zikloko ikasleen irakurriaren ulermenean autokontzeptuak eraginik duen ikertzea da. Marko teorikoan egindako ikerketa zientifiko eta bibliografikoan oinarrituz, Lehen Hezkuntzako 5. eta 6. mailako ikasleei bi galdetegi helarazi zaizkie, Irakurriaren Ulermenaren Ebaluaketa (IUE) eta autokontzeptu maila, dimentsioka zein orokorra (AF-5) jakitera ematen dutenak. Datuek azaleratzen dute bi aldagaien artean korrelazioa egon daitekeela, parte-hartzaile batzuek bi baldintzak betetzen dituztelako; hala ere, ziurtasun osoz ezin da azpimarratu, autokontzeptu maila oso baxua eta ulermen oso altua duten ikasleak aurki daitezkeelako. Egindako ikerketa lanak, tabu ugari kolokan jarri eta irakurriaren ulermenaren irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesua sakonago aztertzeko bide ematen du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20098,2017-01-09,"The objective of this research is to know about the reality of school libraries of Bilbao and the surroundings. Three school libraries of three different schools have been analyzed –located in different areas and with their own features– in order to study different realities. Interviews of librarians and observation of the situation has been used for data collection. Three dimensions have been analyzed: “management and operation”, “use and users” and “appraisals”. The results show both strong points and weaknesses found in those dimensions.","Ikerketa honen helburua Bilbo inguruko eskola-liburutegien errealitatea ezagutzea da. Honetarako hiru ikastetxe desberdinetako eskola-liburutegiak aztertu dira; ingurune eta ezaugarri desberdinak dituzten ikastetxeak aukeratu dira errealitate desberdinak aztertzeko asmoz. Datuen bilketa, eskola-liburutegietako liburuzainei elkarrizketaren bidez eta egoeraren behaketaren bidez egin da. Aztertutako hiru dimentsioak “kudeaketa eta funtzionamendua”, “erabilera eta erabiltzaileak” eta “balorazioak” izan dira. Lortutako emaitzek indarguneak begi bistan utzi dituzte eta baita eskola-liburutegietan sumatutako gabeziak ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26056,1990,"The author accomplishes an exposition about the university studies developed by the prisoners in the Basque Contry penitentiary institutions, as well as the problems they involve.","Egileak, Euskal Herriko presondegietan barneratuek garatzen dituzten unibertsital ikasketez dihardu, halaber, batera daramaten problematika azalduz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36497,2019-11-27,"The aim of this document is to describe the mechanical analysis and manufacturing process of a four-stroke internal combustion engine connecting rod. First of all, it is necessary to select the material of the connecting rod and its main manufacturing process. Next, using AutoCad, a 3D model of the connecting rod will be done. With this model and the selected material, the component will be analysed using a finite element software: ANSYS Workbench. Analysing stress, deformation and fatigue behaviour the validity of the design can be verified. Eventually, the machining process is studied to obtain an operation process sheet. To achieve it, it will be decided which operations will be made and which tools will be used.","Dokumentu honen helburua lau aldiko barne-errekuntzako motor baten bielen analisi mekanikoa eta fabrikazio prosezua aurkeztea da. Lehenik eta behin, zer material erabiliko den eta zein izango den fabrikazio prosezu nagusia erabakiko da alternativa analisi baten bidez. Ondoren, bielaren 3D modeloa egingo da AutoCad software-ra erabiliz. Behin modelua eginda eta zein material erabiliko den jakinda, analisi mekaniko egingo da elementu finituko software baten bidez: ANSYS Workbench. Software hau tentsioak, deformazioak eta fatiga portaera aztertzeko herremintak emango ditu. Proiektuaren azken etapan bielaren mekanizazio prosezua analizatuko da prosezu orri bat egiteko helburuarekin. Horretarako zer operazio egin behar diren eta zehin herreminta erabiliko diren aukeratuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16323,2015-12-03,"This project intends to analyze the development of the electrical system’s demand and the available power in Spain in order to decide, in the middle term, the incorporation or dismantling of existing power plants. The study will consider both renewable and non-renewable source of energies, focusing in the installation or not of new wind energy. The project will entail the study of the following issues: Spanish energy context, the analysis of current situation and forecasts. This project comes as a response to the need of a good energy management, and aims to reduce CO2 emissions by improving the use of wind energy as well as optimizing the power mix.","Proiektu honen asmoa, gaur egun Espainiako sistema elektrikoan dagoen eskaintza eta potentzia aztertzea da; denbora tarte ertainean, zentralak gehitzea ala eraistea beharrezkoa den jakiteko. Azterketa honek energía iturri berriztagarriak baita ez berriztagarriak ere hartuko ditu kontutan, energia eolikoa gehitzean ala ez arreta jarriz. Proiektuak hurrengo aspektuak dakar berekin: Espainiako energiaren testuingurua, oraingo egoeraren analisia eta aurreikuspenak. Ikerlan honek energia gestio on baten beharrari ematen dio erantzuna eta CO2 emisioak gutxitzea du helburu, horretarako, energia eolikoaren erabilera hobetzen eta mix energetikoa optimizatzen saiatuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69762,2024-10-07,"This project aims to analyze the technical and economic feasibility of implementing and producing a supercritical CO2 extraction plant for grape seed oil. Grape seeds are one of the most abundant solid residues produced as a by-product in the winemaking process. Through a process of conditioning the grape pomace and a semi-continuous extraction process, grape pomace, a low-value product that has historically been burned or discarded, is transformed into grape seed oil, a high-value product for the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries.","Proiektu honek mahats-hazien olioa lortzeko, CO2 extrakzio superkritikoa erabiliko duen planta baten ezarpenaren eta ekoizpenaren bidegarritasun teknikoa eta ekonomikoa aztertzea du helburu. Mahats-hazia ardogintzan bigarren mailako produktu gisa sortzen den hondakin solido ugarienetariko bat da. Mahats-muxarra prestatzeko prozesu baten eta erausketa erdi jarraitu baten bidez, balio txikiko produktu hau, historikoki erre edo bota dena, mahats-hazien olio bihurtzen da. Produktu hau balio handikoa da kosmetika, farmazia eta elikagai industrietarako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25554,1996,"The need of considering the Psychiatry as an instrument of support to the judge is pointed out within the framework of proceedings where some knowledge about specific sciences are needed, as in the event of involuntary admissions, becoming the psychiatric expert a collaborator with the Justice Administration.","Psikiatriak epaileari laguntzarako tresna baten modura eragiteko beharra azpimarratzen da, zientzi berezietan ezaguerak behar direnen prozedimenduetan; gogoz kontrako ospitalizazio kasuetan bezala, Psikiatrian espezialistak Justizi Administrazioarekiko laguntzaile bihurtuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41376,2020-02-20,"Music and expression of the body are significant components in a variety of situations and aspects of our lives. Therefore, this project proposes to elaborate and expand on the outcomes of the second course of compulsory education; with a clear objective to maintain these learning outcomes for the long term and to motivate students to work collaboratively with each other. The material created has its base in theoretical foundations along with the outcomes of interviews that were carried out specifically for this project, with an exclusive song created to bring together the different aspects of the work, and choreography, which complements the song, enhancing its appeal. In addition, a proposition for the use of the material and choreography is also included. Finally, the outcomes and conclusions from the entire process have been collated, always with their focus centred around the student.","Musikak eta gorputz adierazpenak garrantzia handia dute gure bizitzetako une eta esparru anitzetan. Hori kontuan hartuta, lan hau Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren mailako edukiak kantuaren eta gorputz adierazpenaren bidez lantzeko proposamena da; edukiak epe luzerako gordetzeko asmoz eta ikasleek modu motibagarri eta kooperatibo batean lan egiteko asmoz, beste hainbat helbururen artean. Kantagintzan adituak elkarrizketatu eta kantutegiak aztertu ondoren sortutako material berria, klaseko edukiak biltzen dituen kantua eta honen koreografia osagarria dira. Horrez gain, kantua eta dantza erabiltzeko proposamen bat ere ageri da lanean. Amaitzeko, ikastalde batekin frogatu ondoren honen erabilgarritasuna balioztatu ahal izan da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17662,2016-03-16,"The main objective of this research is to see the type of answer given by the students of primary of the Basque country in two different schools when faced with non-standard mathematical problems. For this, based on the work carried out by Laura Jiménez and Lieven Verschaffel, I have set a test based on 6 issues (4 non-standard and 2 standards) with the following results: 3,29% answer the problem without solution correctly, 7,69% answer the problem more than one solution correctly, 45,05% answer the problem with the solution in the introduction correctly and finally, 46,15% answer the problem with extra data correctly. Furthermore, although schools may have different methodologies, the findings are quite similar, so it can be stated that methodologies have no influence on them.","Ikerketa honen helburu nagusia Euskal Herriko bi ikastetxe ezberdinetako Lehen Hezkuntzako umeek problema matematiko ez estandarren aurrean ze nolako erantzun mota ematen dituzten aztertzea da. Horretarako, Laura Jiménezek eta Lieven Verschaffelek egindako lanean oinarrituz, umeei 6 problema (4 ez estandarrak eta 2 estandarrak) dituen froga bat egin diet, ondorio hauek lortuz: Ikasleen %3,29k erantzun zuzena eman dio erantzun gabeko problemari, %7,69k erantzun zuzena eman dio erantzun bat baino gehiago duen problemari, %45,05ek erantzun zuzena eman dio erantzuna enuntziatuan duen problemari eta azkenik, ikasleen %46,15ek erantzun zuzena eman dio datuak soberan dituen problemari. Gainera, nahiz eta ikastetxeen metodologia ezberdina izan, ateratako emaitzak antzekoak dira, beraz, metodologiak ez duela eraginik ondorioztatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51009,2021-04-15,"The next work is the end of degree work done at the faculty of education and sport of Vitoria-Gasteiz. In this study, research on sexism has been carried out and, more specifically, the role of gender in the world of work in children and youth literature has been analyzed. For this purpose, 50 books of a classroom, specifically of the second year of Primary Education, that is, books between 6 and 8 years, all of them in basque. Thus, from this small sample, the main objective is to analyze the difference between women and men in the labor world in children's and youth literature, in order to analyze sexism from the gender perspective.
After analyzing the role played by women and men in the Children's and Youth Literature with respect to the world of work, based on the objective data offered in today's society on sexism and the role of each one in the world of work of genres, a small critique is made of children's and youth literature, especially for the great value of books and literature for the future of children and for being a culture that has a great influence on children'
Therefore, to promote equality, the participation of all and the commitment to children is necessary to create an innovative future.","Hurrengo lana Gasteizko Hezkuntza eta Kirol fakultatean egindako gradu-amaierako lana da. Lan honetan, sexismoari buruzko ikerketa bat aurrera eraman da , eta, zehatzago, Haur eta gazte literaturan generoak lan munduan duen paper garrantzitsua aztertu da. Horretarako, gela bateko 50 liburu aztertu dira, zehazki Lehen Hezkuntzako bigarren mailakoak, hau da, 6-8 urte bitarteko liburuak, kasu honetan euskal liburuak izan dira gehienbat euskarazko liburuak zituztelako ikastetxe honetan. Horrela, lagin txiki horretan oinarrituta helburu nagusia Haur eta gazte literaturan mundu laboralaren inguruan emakume eta gizonen arteko ezberdintasuna aztertzea da, genero ikuspegitik sexismoa aztertzeko.
Aipatutako liburu hauek eta emakumeak eta gizonak Haur eta Gazte Literaturan lan munduarekiko betetzen duten eginkizuna aztertu ondoren, gaur egun gizartean sexismoari eta genero arabera bakoitzak lan arloan duen paperari buruz ematen diren datu objektiboetatik abiatuta, kritika txiki bat egiten zaio haur eta gazte literaturari, batez ere liburu horiek eta literaturak umeen etorkizunerako balio handia dutelako eta arlo pedagogiko zein hezitzailerako eta genero-identitatearen eraikuntzan eragin handia duen kultura bat delako
Beraz, berdintasuna bultzatzeko beharrezkoa da guztien parte hartzea eta haurren aldeko apustua egitea etorkizun berritzaile bat sortzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25547,1996,"An increase of involuntary psychiatric admissions has been observed in Geneva since 1990. After a brief historical overvieq of legislation on the matter, current situation is described by means of clinical data. The policy of alternatives to hospitalization is pointed  out in relation to this development through the establishment of ambulatory centers. This one tends to favour respecto of patients' rights regarding admission and informed consent.","Ginebra hirian 1990. urtetik gogoz kontrako ospitalizazioen gehiagotzea nabarmendu egin da. Gaiari buruzko legegintzan zehar ibilbide historiko bat egin ondoren, datu klinikoetan oinarrituz gaurko egoera azaltzen da. Halaber, adierazten da zentru anbulatorioen sortzearekin garatutako ospitalizazioari aukerazko politika, gaixoen eskubideei errespetua laguntzen duenak ospitalizazio eta adierazitako baimenaren alde."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36830,2019-12-12,"Abstract: in this final degree project, the automation and optimization of the manufacturing
process of a roller table is shown. The motivation to develop this project comes with the
necessity’s that the current industrial sector has. Nowadays, there are many industrial
companies in Euskadi as TALLERES ARECHAGA S.L. Having said that, this must be
the main reason why they need to improve their production lines to continue being
competitive.
Firstly, the Project starts with de analysis of the old production line. Then, we
must find an automation solution. After the analysis, the first step would be the
restructuring of the machines optimally. The second step would be the election of the
material like, actuators, sensors and conveyor belts.
Secondly, after the election of the material, we realized the PLC programming
using the STEP 7 software. Using this program, the operation and activation of all the
actuators and sensors is supervised, ensuring an adequate manufacturing process.
Finally, at the end of the programming, the economic viability of the project is
analyzed. After doing that, we also explain the conclusions and the future improvements
we have obtained developing these automatization project.","Laburpena: gradu amaierako proiektu honetan arraboladun mahai baten fabrikazioa
automatizatzeko eta prozesuaren optimizazioa deskribatzen da. Proiektu honen burutzea
gaur egungo sektore industrialak dituen beharrengatik dago motibatua. Enpresa industrial
txiki asko daude Euskadin gaur egun TALLERES ARECHAGA S.L.-ren modukoak eta
merkatuan lehiakorrak izaten jarraitzeko produkzio lerroetan hobekuntzak burutu behar
dituzte.
Proiektua gaur egungo produkzio lerroa aztertuz hasten da automatizazio
posibilitate bat aurkitzeko. Azterketa amaitzean makinen berrantolaketa optimoa
burutzen da ondoren, sentsore, aktuadore eta zinta garraiatzaileen aukeraketa burutzen
da.
Aukeraketa amaitzean PLC programazioa burutu da STEP 7 softwarearekin.
Programa hau erabiliz, fabrikazioan parte hartzen duten aktuadore eta sentsore guztien
kudeaketa eta aktibazioa burutzen da fabrikazio prozesu egokia bermatuz.
Programa amaitzean proiektuaren bideragarritasun ekonomikoa aztertzen da eta
azkenik, automatizaziotik lortu diren ondorioak azaltzen dira etorkizuneko hobekuntza
posibleekin batera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58424,2022-06-08,"This study aims to analyze the pre-constituted evidence and its basis departing from the vulnerable situation of the minor victim
and the obligation of protecting her or him. The characteristics and singularities of this kind of evidence will be studied identifying
the conditions and guarantees that it must respect to achieve the evidentiary value inside the process, mentioning the laws and
legal precedents that regule it. The conflict of interests that the pre-constituted evidence causes on the criminal proceedings will
be analyzed in more detail, examining the interests of the victim and the accused. The objective of this study is to seek the
reasons of the support that the pre-constituted evidence has in the law, although it questions the legal certainty of the legal
code.","Lan honek aldez aurretik eratutako froga eta bere oinarria aztertzea du helburu nagusi. Biktima den adingabearen egoera
zaurgarria eta bera babesteko obligazioa hartuko da abiapuntutzat oinarri hori ikertzerako orduan. Froga mota honen ezaugarri
eta berezitasunak landuko dira prozesuan froga-balioa eskuratzeko bete beharreko baldintzak eta errespetatu beharreko
bermeak identifikatuz, bera arautzen duten lege eta jurisprudentziari erreferentzia eginez. Froga mota honek prozesu penalean
eragiten duen interesen gatazkan sakonduko da, biktima nahiz akusatuaren interesei erreparatuz. Azterketa honen xedea aldez
aurretik eratutako frogak zuzenbidean duen euskarriaren arrazoiak bilatzea izango da, ordenamenduaren segurtasun juridikoa
kolokan jartzen duen arren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67890,2024-05-10,"The current situation of rising prices, as well as the fight against climate change, is causing a reconceptualization of the model implemented in most sectors of society. One of these key sectors is maritime transport, which is indispensable to globalisation and the global trade on which today's consumer society is based. 
However, this sector in turn has become one of the major contributors to the worsening environmental situation due to its high greenhouse gas emissions. This is why, in the search for alternatives to reverse this specific situation, this feasibility study has been carried out with the final objective of implementing a nuclear reactor to replace the highly polluting diesel and heavy fuel oil engines in merchant ships (with the specific model of the Cadiz Knutsen gas tanker) and thus reverse the climate emergency situation.
To this end, this work will study different models that comply with safety standards, in addition to carrying out a study of the power required to move the aforementioned vessel. Given the scarcity of data in this field, certain approximations will be made in order to give a final verdict on the thermal power that the reactor must have. In addition to this, using the MCNP radiation transport programme, one of the reactor profiles with the greatest projection in the future will be modelled, and an estimate of the doses to be expected in it will be made, so that the value of the shielding that will surround the reactor can be estimated, in order to finally determine both the volume and the estimated weight of the reactor, which will allow it to be distributed optimally in the ship.
Finally, the different conclusions obtained from the results will be drawn, as well as observations on possible future work that could complement this one.","] Prezioak igotzen ari dira gaur egun, eta klima-aldaketaren aurkako borroka, berriz, gizarteko sektore gehienetan ezarritako eredua berrikusten ari da. Funtsezko sektore horietako bat itsas garraioa da, ezinbestekoa globalizazioan eta merkataritza globalean, gaur egungo kontsumo-gizartearen oinarrian baitago.

Hala ere, sektore hori, aldi berean, berotegi-efektuko gasen isurketa handiengatik jasaten den ingurumen-egoera larriagotzeko zergadun handienetako bat bihurtu da. Horregatik, egoera zehatz hori iraultzeko alternatibak bilatze aldera, bideragarritasun-azterlan hau egin da, merkataritza-ontzietan diesel eta fuel-olio astun motor oso kutsatzaileak ordezkatzeko erreaktore nuklear bat ezartzeko (Cádiz Knutsen gas ontzia da eredu zehatz bat zehazteko) eta, horrela, larrialdi klimatikoaren egoera iraultzeko.

Horretarako, segurtasun-estandarrak betetzen dituzten ereduak aztertuko dira lan honetan, eta, horrez gain, ontzi hori mugitzeko behar den potentzia aztertuko da. Eremu horretan datu gutxi dagoenez, zenbait hurbilketa egingo dira, erreaktoreak izan behar duen potentzia termikoari buruzko azken epaia eman ahal izateko. Horrez gain, MCNP erradiazioa garraiatzeko programaren bidez, etorkizunean proiekzio handiena izango duen erreaktore-profiletako bat modelatuko da, eta bertan itxaron beharreko dosien kalkulua egingo da, erreaktoreak inguratu behar duen blindajearen balioa kalkulatu ahal izateko, eta, azkenik, erreaktorearen bolumena eta aurreikusitako pisua zehazteko, itsasontzian modu optimoan banatu ahal izateko.

Amaitzeko, emaitzetatik ateratako ondorioak aterako dira, eta etorkizunean egin daitezkeen eta haren osagarri izan daitezkeen lanei buruzko oharrak egingo dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54115,2021-11-25,"This work has been done with the aim of designing an intervention proposal that can contribute to improve the motivation of early childhood education students through project-based learning and the theory of multiple intelligences. Motivation is the child’s interest in his learning or in the activities he undertakes to reach that learning. The PBL puts the student in the foreground, making him the protagonist of his own learning. For its part, the theory of multiple intelligences is a teaching based on the student and his abilities. In both cases the teacher remains in the background, becoming a mere guide. The first part of the work consists of a bibliographic review which purpose has been to know the most relevant aspects of project-based learning, the theory of multiple intelligences and student motivation, as well as the relationship between these three variables. In the second section, taking into account what is included in the bibliographic review, an intervention has been designed, intended to be carried out in a 5-year-old classroom. The proposed methodology is active and participatory, with the student being the protagonist of his learning process. At the theoretical-conceptual level, it can be concluded that carrying out a project through the theory of multiple intelligences, on the one hand makes it possible to adapt to the intelligence of each student and on the other hand the interests of the students, which may have an impact on their motivation to learn.","Lan hau haur-hezkuntzako ikasleen motibazioa hobetzen lagun dezakeen esku-hartze proposamen bat diseinatzeko helburuarekin egin da, proiektuetan oinarritutako ikaskuntzaren eta adimen anitzen teorian bidez. Motibazioa haurrak bere ikaskuntzarekiko edo berak ikaskuntza horretara iristeko egiten dituen jarduerekiko duen interesa da. POIk lehen planoan jartzen du ikaslea, bere ikaskuntzaren protagonista bihurtuz. Adimen anitzen teoria, bestalde, ikaslearengan eta bere trebetasunetan oinarritutako irakaskuntza da. Bi kasuetan, irakaslea bigarren planoan geratzen da, eta gidari eta orientatzaile huts bihurtzen da. Lanaren lehen zatia berrikuspen bibliografiko bat da, eta haren helburua proiektuetan oinarritutako ikaskuntzaren, adimenen teoria eta ikasleen motibazioaren alderdi garrantzitsuenak ezagutzea izan da, baita hiru aldagai horien arteko erlazioa ere. Bigarren atalean, berrikuspen bibliografikoan jasotakoa kontuan hartuta, esku-hartze bat diseinatu da, 5 urteko gela batean egiteko pentsatuta. Proposatutako metodologia aktiboa eta parte-hartzailea da, eta ikaslea da ikaskuntza-prozesuaren protagonista. Maila teoriko-kontzeptualean, ondoriozta daiteke proiektu bat adimen anitzen teoriaren bidez egiteak, alde batetik, ikasle bakoitzaren adimenera eta bestetik ikasleen interesetara egokitzeko aukera ematen duela, eta horrek eragina izan dezakeela ikasteko motibazioan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60778,2023-04-18,"Marketing is a phenomenon in constant evolution. The appearance of the Internet has brought with it a new dimension of marketing, in which communication and the role of consumers have been completely transformed, and the appearance of new technologies and tools has been made possible. These new technologies have originated the concept of digital marketing; a discipline that uses the Internet to its advantage.
In the following work, both subjects will be analyzed, making a comparison of the elements that make them up. In addition, the different digital tools that companies use in their business strategies in order to adapt to these changes will be studied. On the other hand, this digital transformation has made many authors propose replacements of the concepts that have been used for years, so the need to modernize these traditional terms will also be evaluated.
This study is applied to the analysis of a native digital company, Freshly Cosmetics, in which the use of the main operational and strategic tools in its business plan will be assessed.","Marketina etengabe eboluzionatzen ari den fenomenoa da. Internetaren agertzeak marketinaren dimentsio berri bat ekarri du berekin, non komunikazioa eta kontsumitzaileen rola erabat eraldatu diren, eta teknologia eta tresna berriak agertzea ahalbidetu du. Teknologia berri horiei esker sortu da marketin digitala; Internet bere alde erabiltzen duen diziplina.
Hurrengo lanean bi gai hauek aztertuko dira, horiek osatzen dituzten elementuak alderatuz. Gainera, enpresek beraien merkataritza-estrategietan aldaketa horietara egokitu ahal izateko erabiltzen dituzten tresna digitalak aztertuko dira. Bestalde, aro-digitalerako aldaketa horren ondorioz, egile askok aspalditik erabiltzen diren kontzeptuen ordezkapenak planteatu dituzte, eta, beraz, termino tradizional horiek modernizatzeko beharra ere ebaluatuko da.
Azterketa hau jatorrizko enpresa digital baten analisiari aplikatzen zaio. Bertan, Freshly Cosmetics-ek bere merkataritza-planean erabilitako tresna operatibo eta estrategiko nagusien erabilera baloratuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73252,2025-05-07,"When they work on time in the Early Childhood Education stage, it is evident that they give importance to chronological time and that there is a gap in the teaching of historical time. We did a research project aimed at analyzing the perception of teachers of this stage on the teaching of historical time and an online questionnaire was created for 33 teachers from different centers. The results show that teachers do not deal with historical time, as well as with chronological time, which is used routinely. Likewise, we confirm that teachers believe that historical time can be difficult to work with and that their knowledge and way of teaching can have an influence.","Haur Hezkuntzan denbora lantzen denean, ageria da denbora kronologikoari garrantzia ematen zaiola eta denbora historikoaren lanketari dagokion hutsune bat dagoela. Horregatik, etapako irakasleek denbora historikoaren irakaskuntzari buruz duten pertzepzioa aztertzeko xedea duen ikerlana burutu da eta, ikastetxe ezberdinetako 33 irakasleri zuzendutako online galdetegi bat sortu da. Emaitzek erakutsi dute irakasle gehienek ez dutela denbora historikoa lantzen, errutinen bitartez lantzen den denbora kronologikoa bezain beste. Irakaslen ustez, denbora historikoa lantzea zaila izan daiteke eta beraien prestakuntzak eta irakasteko moduak, historia irakasteko erabakian eragin dezakeela baieztatu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27343,1998,"At the moment, the systems of penal justice face the necessity of guaranteeing a reconciliation
between the rights of the criminals and the rights of the victims. Therefore, there is an evolution in the
sanction ways inside the national legislations. After exposing some doubts and critics on the effectiveness of
the hardships and the treattment, this author analyses the common principles of penal politics settled down
by the States members of the council of Europe. Also, he underlines the attention to aplication and respect of
human rights on the part of the International Society of Criminology.","Gaur egun, justizia penaleko sistemak, lege-hauslearen eta kaltetuaren eskubideen arteko
arartekotasuna garantizatu beharrean aurkitzen dira. Hau hala izanik, legepide nazionalek zigortzeko duten
eran, aldaketa bat dagoela esan daiteke. Zigorrak eta beraien jardunen balioaz zalantza eta irizpideak azaldu
ondoren, Europako Kontseiluko parte diren Estatuek jarri dituzten politika penalaren arau bateratuak
komentatzen dira. Horrela, Kriminologiako Erakunde Internazionalak, Giza Eskubideen aplikazio eta
begirunearen gain jartzen duten arreta, azpimarratzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25627,1993,"The purpose of this work is to clarify the relationship between Criminology and different Natural Sciences and Human Sciences, by regarding the object and scope of criminological studies.","lkasketa kriminologikoen helburu eta saila kontutan hartuz, Kriminologia eta Naturaren Zientzi desberdin eta Gizarte Zientzien arteko harremanak argiztatzen saiatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50740,2021-03-22,"We should set out as teachers (and as part of society), up to what point we are legitimizing discrimination and in which way. Racism is another way of discrimination, and hence we should fight it. From education, it is possible to cut it down. To achieve it, we must be critical with ourselves, the school curriculum, resources, behaviors, etc. The tale is a very used resource in education. By using children's literature it is possible to do plenty of work, but we should also check what we transmit with that. In the first part of this work, the theoretical frame, it is explained the details of this kind of discrimination and it's effects, connecting it with tales as well. Then, in the methodology, a board to analyze tales is displayed. Next, in the analysis part, six different tales are analyzed using that board. Later, the conclusions show some advice to make the school or the classroom library diverse and anti-racist. Finally, this work's limits and improvement proposals are expounded.","Planteatu beharko genuke irakasle (eta baita gizarteko partaide) moduan, zein puntutaraino ari garen diskriminazioa legitimatzen eta zein modu ezberdinetan. Arrazakeria, diskriminazio modu bat gehiago da gizartean, eta gainontzeko diskriminazio moduekin batera, aurre egin beharko litzaioke. Hezkuntzatik, posible da diskriminazio hau murriztea, eta hori egiten hasteko gure burua, kurrikuluma, baliabideak, jokaerak eta abar behatzea eta horiekin kritikoak izatea beharrezkoa da. Haur Hezkuntzan oso erabilia den baliabide bat ipuina da. Haur literaturaren bidez, asko landu daiteke, baina horrekin zer islatzen den behatu beharko litzateke. Lan honen lehenengo atalean, marko teorikoan, diskriminazioaren xehetasunak eta eragina azaltzen da, ipuinekin duen erlazioa agertuz. Ostean, metodologia dator, non, liburuak analizatzeko taula bat atxikitzen den. Analisiaren atalean, hori bera erabilita, sei liburu ezberdinen analisia agertuko da, eta ostean, analisi horren ondorioak. Ondorio hauek, eskolako edo gelako liburutegia anitza eta antiarrazista izateko aholku ezberdin moduan agertuko dira, eta azkenik mugak eta hobekuntza proposamenak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19553,2016-11-17,"The technological innovation is a systematic process conducted to the resolution of technological problems. Upon the time to carry out activities to achieve technological innovation, it is essential to know the influence of the different elements in the organization. These elements can drive or complicate the process of technological innovation, depending on the situation. Therefore, it is quite interesting to do a statistic analysis with the objective of finding out which are the factors that have the biggest influence in the activities to achieve technological innovation.","Berrikuntza teknologikoa, arazo teknologikoen ebazpenera bideratutako prozesu sistematiko bat da, non, prozesuaren arrakasta edo porrota alderdi ezberdinen arabera izango den. Berrikuntza teknologikoko jarduerak aurrera eramaterako orduan, ezinbestekoa izango da enpresako barne faktore ezberdinek duten eragina ezagutzea. Faktore hauek jarduera teknologikoak bultzatu edo oztopatu dezakete, egoeraren arabera. Lan honen bitartez, jarduera teknologikoek enpresetako faktore ezberdinekin duten erlazioa aztertu nahi da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57137,2022-08-02,"Abstract

The aim of this work is to characterise the main mechanical properties of fresh cement-
based materials for additive manufacturing. The special dosage characteristics of the
cement-based material to be considered printable make it necessary to develop new test
procedures. These procedures, as an alternative to those described in the existing
standards, should allow a rapid and complete characterisation of the material. By means of
simple mechanical compression tests and digital image correlation methods, a complete
characterisation can be obtained in the early stages of the fresh material. Alternatively, it is
of great interest to search for correlations with other characterisation tests that can be
easily implemented in the quality control of the printing process. These mechanical
properties, with the rheological properties of the fresh material, are used to calibrate a
mechanical model of the evolution of the plastic failure of the material. In this way, the
mechanical model of the material necessary to simulate the 3D printing process is obtained,
which allows to evaluate the printability of an object.","Laburpena

Lan honen helburua da fabrikazio gehigarrirako zementu-oinarri freskoko materialen propietate
mekaniko nagusiak ezaugarritzea. Inprimagarritzat jotzeko zementu-oinarriko materialaren
dosifikazioaren ezaugarri bereziak direla eta, saiakuntza-prozedura berriak garatu behar dira.
Prozedura horiek, dauden arauetan deskribatutakoen alternatiboak, materialaren karakterizazio
azkar eta osoa ahalbidetu behar dute. Konpresio sinpleko saiakuntza mekanikoen bidez, irudien
korrelazio-metodoen bidez lagunduta, karakterizazio osoa lor daiteke material freskoaren etapa
goiztiarretan. Txandaka, oso interesgarria da inprimaketa-prozesuaren kalitate-kontrolean erraz
inplementatu daitezkeen beste karakterizazio-saiakuntza batzuekin korrelazioak bilatzea.
Propietate mekaniko horiek, freskoan dagoen materialaren propietate erreologikoekin batera,
materialak akats plastikoaren aurrean duen portaeraren eboluzio-eredu mekaniko bat kalibratzeko
erabiltzen dira. Horrela, materialaren eredu mekanikoa lortzen da, 3D inprimaketa-prozesua
simulatzeko beharrezkoa dena, aztergai diren piezen inprimagarritasuna zehazteko helburuarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29399,2018-10-30,"In this Project an analysis of a topology optimization technique is done, which is used in the design of structures. The technique consists on finding the topology that maintains the mechanical properties of the component against certain loads and restrictions, starting from an initial domain, trying to reduce the volume of material used in the production of the structure. The study will focus on
structures subjected to uniform thermal loads, so the objective is to find the topology that offers an optimum heat conduction.
The project is divided in several parts: a theoretical analysis of the t
opology optimization concept and its numerical implementation; 
implementation of the problem in a Matlab code, which will be used for the resolution of structures; and a deep analysis of the obtained results by the use of this program in different conditions.The methodology used for the calculation is based in the Finite Elements Method (FEM), using an Optimality Criteria (OC) to optimize the heat conduction in the structure. The main variable of the project is a matrix that contains the value of the density of each finite element in which the initial domain is divided. This density will take a value between 0 and 1. The solution to the problem is shown as a graphic
representation of this matrix of densities, where each element of the structure will be represented by a little square that will be colored 
black if its density is equal to 1 (presence of material), white if its density is equal to 0 (vacuum), or grey if it is an intermediate value.","Lan  honetan,  egituren  diseinuan  erabilitako  optimizazio  topologikoaren  azterketa  egiten  da. Teknika  hau,  aurretik  ezarritako  karga  eta  murrizpen  batzuen  aurrean,  osagaiaren  propietate 
mekanikoak  mantenduko  dituen  topologia  bilatzean  datza,  hasierako  egoeratik,  fabrikazioan erabilitako  materialaren  bolumena  murriztuz.  Azterketa,  karga  termiko  uniformeak  dituzten 
egituretara  bideratuko  da,  beroaren  eroapen  optimoa  eskainiko  duen  topologia  bilatuz.  Lana zati desberdinetan banatu daiteke: optimizazioa topologiko kontzeptuaren analisi teorikoa eta 
bere  inplementazio  numerikoa;  egituren  ebazpenerako  erabiliko  den,  Matlab  programako kodigoarekin  egindako  problemaren  inplementazioa;  eta programa  hori  erabiliz,  baldintza 
desberdinetan lortu diren emaitzen azterketa sakona. Kalkulurako erabilitako metodologiaren oinarria, Elementu Finituen Metodoa da (EFM), Optimizazio Irizpide (OC) bat erabiliz beroaren eroapena
hobetzeko. Proiektuaren aldagai nagusia, hasierako eremua banatzen den elementu finitu bakoitzaren dentsitatea daukan matrizea da. Dentsitate honen balioak 0 eta 1 bitartean egon  daitezke.  Problemaren  soluzioa,  dentsitate  matrize  horien  adierazpide  grafiko  bezala ematen dira, non egituraren elementu bakoitzak lauki txiki batez irudikatuko den. Hauek, kolore beltza  izango  dute  beraien  dentsitatea  1  bada  (materialaren  presentzia),  zuria  dentsitatea  0 
bada (hutsa) eta grisa tarteko baloreetarako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29284,2018-10-23,"This document presents a project based on the design and manufacture of a combination of four flexible bars for a chest rehabilitation mechanism. This device will be used to connect and transmit the necessary efforts from a rotating motor to a vest holding the patient which will be making the required movements to improve the rehabilitation process. In order to accomplish this, the parts that need to be manufactured will be designed in SolidWorks for its later 3D printing. Once the prototype is assembled, we will check whether the four bars remain parallel at all times and some tests will be made subjecting the combination of bars to a flexion deformation. Afterwards, the test results will be compared to a mathematical model in MATLAB.","Dokumentu honetan gorputz-enborrerako errehabilitazio sistema baterako lau malgu barren multzoen diseinu eta fabrikazioa aurkezten da. Hauek esfortzuak motor birakari batetik txaleko batera transmititzeko erabiliko dira. Txalekoak behar diren mugimenduak egingo ditu.Hori lortzeko, fabrikatu behar diren piezak Solidworks-en diseinatuko dira gero 3D inprimatzaile batean fabrikatzeko ahal izateko.. Gero , barrak beti paraleloak mantentzen badira konprobatu egingo da eta barrak flexio deformazio batera ezartzen entsegu batzuk egingo dira. Ondoren, entsegu hauen emaitzak konprobatuko egingo dira MATLAB-ean modelo matematikoarekin konparatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41326,2020-02-20,"This article analyses the current model of feminine beauty of television publicity. In that way, we have observed the advertisements broadcast on television in the course of Christmas on the three Spanish State channels that show in different languages. During this process, we have noted the physical and clothing characteristics of the women that appear in the ads. Through the data obtained, we have constructed the statistical analysis of the content, based on the quantitative characteristics acquired. Thanks to the results achieved, we deduced the trends of television advertising on female beauty models.","Lan honen bidez gaur egun telebistako iragarkietan erabiltzen den edertasun eredu femeninoa aztertu nahi izan dugu. Horretarako, Gabon garaian emitituriko iragarkien behaketa zuzena burutu dugu Estatu espainiarrean eta hizkuntza ezberdinetan igortzen diren hiru katetan. Prozesu horretan zehar, iragarkietako emakumeen ezaugarri fisikoen eta erabiltzen dituzten arroparen oharrak hartu ditugu. Eskuraturiko datuen bidez, edukiaren azterketa estatistikoa eraiki dugu ezaugarri kuantitatiboak oinarritzat harturik. Lorturiko emaitzak baliaturik, telebistako publizitatearen edertasun eredu femeninoen inguruko joerak ondorioztatu ditugu eta hauen analisi sakona azaleratu dugu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17660,2016-03-16,"Two fundamental factors have influence in the psychological development of children, among others: the family and the school. Therefore, being the family so important, his culture takes a leading role in that development. Taking as a basis of the investigation the gypsy culture, it is necessary to analyze the situation of those children. For this reason this work has a double objective: to know the customs of the culture and to investigate its relationship with the educational system and to reach the keys for a successful schooling. The school, as a representative of the society, is the fundamental and responsible pathway for creating an egalitarian society in which the rights of all people are achieved.","Umeen garapen psikologikoan bi oinarrizko faktorek eragiten dute, besteak beste: familia eta eskola. Hortaz, familia hain garrantzitsua izanda, horren kulturak lehen mailako papera hartzen du garapen horretan. Kultura ijitoa ikerketaren oinarri bezala hartuta, beharrezkoa da ume horien egoera behatzea. Hori dela eta, lan honek objektibo bikoitza dauka: kultura ijitoaren ohiturak zein eskolarekiko duen harremana ezagutzea eta eskolaratze arrakastatsuaren klabeak lortzea. Eskola, gizartearen ordezkari bezala, pertsona guztien eskubideak betetzen dituen berdintasunezko gizarteak sortzeko oinarrizko eta erantzukizunezko bidea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29234,2018-10-23,"The  rapid stackingof  electrical  and  electronic  equipment  in  disuse  throughout  the  world  and  the 
threat
that this entails makes it necessary to search for new sustainable management and treatment 
systems that allow the recovery and reuse of the materials utilized in 
the 
manufactur
ing process
. An 
alternative  treatment  is  the  method  of  bioleaching,  bioextracti
on  or  biohydrometallurgy  that  are 
used  to extract  valuable metals  from these  residues  through  oxidation
-
reduction  processes  favored 
by the action of microorganisms.
The  main  objective  of  this  work  is  to  study  the  sustainable  recovery  or  bioleaching  of  copp
er  from 
the 
printed circuit boards
(PCB) of disused mobile phones. 
The first step was
the collection of mobile 
phones 
from which the printed circuit boards were extracted
. After the grinding and shredding of the 
PCBs, a 
crushed
sample of particle size 
smal
ler
than 0.75 mm and visually somewhat heterogeneous 
was  obtained.  Some  of 
PCBs  that  were  not  grinded
were  treated  with  a  10  M  NaOH
solution
,  to 
eliminate the epoxy insulating coating that 
protected
the lower layers of copper. The total amount of 
metals  in
the 
crushed
sample  was  determined  by  acid  digestion 
with  aqua  regia  assisted  by 
microwaves. The most abundant  element was Cu, whose total average  content in one  gram 
sample
was  435 ± 54 mg . 
Other 
abundant elements in the p
ulverized
sample were Sn (32.9 
± 3.7 mg/g), Al 
(19.69 ± 0.67 mg /g), Fe (12.56 ± 0.23 mg /g) and Ni (11.39
± 1.05 mg /g). ).
A  commercial  strain  of  the  bacterium 
Acidithiobacillus  ferrooxidans
was 
purchased
,  activated  and 
inoculated in a specific culture medium with a content of 9 g Fe
2
+
/L.
,
S
imilar amounts of the 
c
ru
shed
sample and the 
not grinded PCB
piece
were introduced
in one inoculated solution
. It was concluded 
that  the  bacterial  oxidation  activity  in  the  medium  with  the 
not  grinded  sample
was 
higher  than
in 
the 
pulverized
sample.  This  fact 
was  attributed  to  the 
“cleaner”  solution  with  the  PCB  piece,  in 
comparison  with  the  muddy  liquid  of  the  crushed  sample,  which  also  contained  the  green  epoxy 

-
2018
iii
resin
. 
It
was  also  concluded  that  once  the  Fe
3 
+  oxidant  was 
originared
,  the  cont
act  between  the 
oxidant and the metals contained in the 
grinded
sample 
wa
s better than in the 
PCB piece
, so copper 
extraction yields 
were
higher in the 
former
case (78.26% dust). and 67.96% 
piece
).
Although the extraction of Cu was 15.1% higher 
in 
the 
crus
hed
sample
experiment
, it was concluded 
that it was 
operationally 
more 
recommendable
to proceed with bioextraction using 
the entire PCBs 
or their pieces
as long as the epoxy cover is previously 
removed
. 
The
PCB
could be easily 
taken out
from the medium and washed properly. In the case of dust, the residual sample remained completely 
mixed 
with the microorganisms and all the extracted metals, which made it difficult to separate
the 
components.
This preliminary work
show that bioleaching al
lows the efficient extraction of copper from the PCBs 
of  disused  mobile  phones
.
A
lthough  there  are  still  many  aspects  to  be  investigated 
for
this 
technological   alternative 
to 
be   implemented 
at
large   scale,   there   is   no   doubt   that   the 
b
iotechnological  innova
tions 
applied  to  the  sustainable  treatment  of  electronic  wastes  will  be  in  a 
relevant position
in the near future.","Erabiltzeari  utzi  egin zaien
tresna  elektriko  eta  elektronikoen  metaketa  arina  eta  honek  dakarren 
arriskua,  esparru  honen  inguruko
kudeaketa
eta  garapen  iraunkorrerako  tratamenduen  sistema 
berrien  ikerketa  ezinbestekoa  da, 
tresna 
hauen  manufakturazio  prozesuan  erabilitako  materialak
berreskuratzeko
eta  berrerabiltzeko 
asmoz. Biolixibiazioa,  bioerauzketa  edota  biohidrometalurgia
izeneko
tratamendu  metodo  alternatiboak
hondakinen  baliozko  metalak  erauzteko  balio  du, 
eta 
horretarako 
oxidazio-erredukzio prozesuez 
eta mikroorganismoen akzioen laguntzaz baliatzen da. 
Lan honen helburu nagusia,
erabilgarriak ez diren 
telefono
mugikorren plaka baseetan (PCB) dagoen 
kobrea  berreskuratzean  datza,  garapen  jasangarrian  edo  biolixibiazioan  oinarrituz.  Horretarako, 
lehenik  eta  behin, 
telefono
mugikorren  bilketari  ekin  zitzaion  eta  hauen  plaka  baseak  atera  ziren. 
Plaken   birrinketa   eta 
ehoketaren   ostean,   0.75   mm   baino   txikiagoko   hautsa   eta 
begi   bistan
heterogeneoa zen  lagina  eskuratu  zen.  Hauetako  zenbait
plaka  ez  ziren  txikitu  eta
NaOH  10M 
disoluzioarekin tratatu ziren, kobrearen geruza estaltzen zuen epoxy material isolatzailea ezabatzeko.  
Hautsezko  laginean  dauden  metalen  kantitate  totala  kuantifikatzeko,  mikrouhinez  lagundutako 
digestio  azidoa 
burutu  zen 
aqua  regia
erabiliz. 
Gehiengo  elementua  Cu  izan  zen,  bere 
batezbesteko 
edukia  435±54  mg/g 
zelarik. 
Beste  gehiengo  elementuak  Sn  (32.9±3.7  mg/g),  
Al  (19.69±0.67  mg/g), Fe (12.56±0.23 mg/g) eta 
Ni (11.39±1.05 mg/g)
izan ziren.
Acidithiobacillus  ferrooxidans 
bakteriaren  andui  bat 
erosieta    9  g  Fe2+/L –ko  edukia 
zuen  hazkuntza 
espezifikoko medioan aktibatu eta inokulatu zen. Sistema 
inokulatuan, epoxy-rik gabeko plakaren eta 
hautsezko
lagin
aren
pareko  kantitateak   sartu  egin  ziren. 
O
xidazio  bakterianoaren  aktibitatea 
plakare
n disoluzioan
, hauts
ezko
lagin
arenean
baino handiago zela ondorioztatu zen. 
Horren zergatia 
medioan  dago;  hau  da
, 
plaka  z
uen  disoluzioa  “
askoz 
garbiago”
zegoen
hautsezko  disoluzioa  baino. 
Azken horr
etan, 
prozesuaren bukaeran disoluzioa oso nahasia eta konplexua zen biomasa gara zedin.
Baina,  b
ehin 
Fe
3+
oxidatzailea  eratuta,  elementu  ho
rr
en  eta  hauts
ezko
laginaren  m
etalen  arteko 
kontaktua    plakan    baino    hobeagoa 
z
ela    ondorioztatu    zen
;
beraz,    kobrearen    erauzketaren 
errendimendua altuagoak 
izan ziren 
lehenengo kasuan (78.26% hautsa eta 67.96% plaka).
Na
h
iz 
eta 
hauts
ezko
lagin
ean
kobrearen  erauzketa
-
portzentaia  %15.1 
handiagoa  izan
zen
, 
plaka 
osoak  (aldez  aurretik  epoxy  estaldura  kenduta)  erabiltzea   
gomendagarriagoa  zela 
ondorioztatu  zen 
bioe
rauzketaren  alde  pratikotik  ikusita
. 
Hots, 
plaka 
tratatu  ostean
, 
oso  erraz
atera
zen 
disoluziotik
eta  egoki  garbitu  zen.
.  Hautsa
ren  kasuan  berriz,  hondakin  lagina  medioan  nahasita  geratzen  zen 
mikroorganismo eta erauzitako metalekin
batera.
Hasierako  lan  honetan,  frogatu  izan  da  nola  biolixibizazioaren  bitartez  kobrea  erauzi  daitekeen 
erabiltzen  ez  diren  sakelako  mugikorren  PCB
-
eng
andik  modu  eraginkor  batean,  baina,  oraindik 
hainbat  alderdi  geratzen  dira  ikertzeko  alternatiba  hau  eskala  handi  batean  ezarri  ahal  izateko.  Ez 
dago  zalantzarik,  hondakin  elektronikoen  tratamendu  jasangarrietan  berrikuntza  biotekonologikoek 
legu garrantzi
tsu bat okupatuko dutela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17642,2016-03-16,"The aim of this project has been to deeply analyse the methodologies that are currently being applied at music schools with regard to the teaching of Basque musical instruments, thus having the chance to move them onto a more formal field. In order to achieve this aim, I have analysed the current situation of the Basque instruments played in Bizkaia. This research has been based on qualitative-like interviews, by using the ethnographic and auto-ethnographic methods. With respect to the results, I would highlight the lack of presence of the aforementioned instruments in formal education fields, and likewise, the teachers’ lack of training. Nonetheless, thanks to music schools, there are now ample opportunities for anybody to play any traditional Basque instrument and enjoy the popular music that they bring","Lan honen xedea euskal musika-tresnen irakaskuntzan, batez ere musika eskoletan lantzen diren metodoak aztertzea izan da, gero eremu formalera eramateko. Horretarako, Bizkaian euskal musika-tresna herrikoien egoera zein den ezagutu eta aztertzen da. Ikerketa honen oinarria, egindako elkarrizketa kualitatiboak izan dira. Bertan, metodo etnografikoa eta autoetnografikoa erabiliak izan dira. Emaitzei erreparatuz, hezkuntza formalean euskal musika-instrumentuen presentzia nahiko eskasa da. Nahiz eta irakasleen formakuntzan ere gabeziak egon, musika eskolei esker, euskal musika-instrumentuak jotzen ikasteko eta musika herrikoiaz gozatzeko aukera zabala dago."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29238,2018-10-23,"The present project analyzes the energy consumption of a group of houses, and a proposal is made for the supply of heating and  sanitary hot water through a district heating system fueled by
biomass.
The choice of this form of supply is due to the importance of decreasing the dependence on conventional energy sources,
such as coal or natural gas, mainly because of the increased awareness of the environmental impact that these fuels produce, and the consequent need to lessen this impact.
Firstly, an introduction to the current state of the energy market is made, both at a Euro pean and worldwide level, as well as a brief  mention  of the  importance of current renewable  energy 
technologies. 
Then comes an explanation of what a heating district consists of and how it can be configured in a generic way.
Finally, an explanation is made about how each part of the installation  is  arranged, and their characteristics, as well as their sizing
based on calculations.
Local raw materials that would otherwise be wasted are taken into the account for the making of this project, and this supposes an important amount of savings.
The construction period for this project is 4 and a half months.
It contains an economic valuation of the material execution for a total figure of 3.803.521,97€, which accounts for the costs of:
the biomass plant, the distribution network, labor, quality control, 
engineering and procedures, waste management, and safety and health.","Proiektu  honek  etxe  multzo  baten  energia  kontsumoa  aztertzen  du  eta  berokuntza  eta  ACS hornidura proposamena lantzen du, biomasaz elikatutako district heating sistema baten bitartez.
Hornidura  modu  honen  hautaketaren  arrazoia,  energia  konbentzionalen  mendekotasunaren murrizketan dago, adibidez, ikatza edo gas naturala. Gaur egun, gero eta ingurumen-inpaktuaren kontzientzia handiagoa da eta energia mota hauen beharra txikitu nahi da.
Lehenik eta behin, gaur egungo energia egoeraren sarrera egiten da, bai Europako mailan eta baita mundu mailan eta energia berriztagarrien teknologien garapena duen garrantzia. Ondoren, district 
heating  bat  zer  den,  zertan  oinarritzen  den,  eta  modu orokorrean  nola  konfiguratu  daitekeen azaltzen da.
Azkenik, instalazioaren zati bakoitza nola antolatzen den azaltzen da eta egindako kalkuluetatik abiatuz, ezaugarriak dimentsionatu dira.
Proiektu hau gauzatzeko, orain arte galtzen den tokiko lehengaia kontuan hartu da, instalazio honi esker lehengai hau erabiliko litzateke, aurrezki ekonomiko garrantzitsua suposatuz.
Lan honen amaierako epea 4 hilabete eta erdikoa da.3.803.521,97€-ko  gauzatze materialaren  balorazio  ekonomikoa  dakar,  biomasaren  instalazioa, banaketa  sarea,  lana,  kalitate  kontrola,  ingeniaritza  eta  prozedurak,  hondakinen  kudeaketa, 
segurtasuna eta osasuna barnean hartuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29439,2018-10-31,"In the present Final Degree Project, two main sections can be distinguished: on the one hand, digital marketing is analyzed as well as the music sector, focusingthe study mainly on its consumption. The emergence of the Internet has brought with it a new business paradigm, in which  communication  and  the  role  of  the  consumer  have  been  completely  transformed,  and the  emergence  of  new  technologies  and  marketing  tools has  been  made  possible.  In  this context, we have reflected on the various elements of the aforementioned topics, in order to study the influence of marketing on the consumption of music by the sample analysed. In the 
second part, an empirical study was carried out where the results of a survey completed by 63 students  of  the  School  of  Engineering  of  Bilbao  have  been  analyzed  and  interpreted.  The objective of the survey has been to study consumption trends closely, and to detect the impact of  marketing  practices  on  them.  Among  the  conclusions,  it  is  worth  highlighting,  at  the theoretical   level,   the   following   points:   1)   that   the   4C   concept   of   marketing  responds adequately  to  the  current  characteristics  of  the  market;  2)  that  the  consumer  plays  a  central role in any type of company. In the empirical analysis, it is worth mentioning the following: 1) 
streaming  is  the  service  most  used  to  consume  music,  but  most  use  the  free  service;  2)  the consumer values the convenience of the services before other factors.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan bi atal nagusi bereiz daitezke: batetik, marketin digitalaren azterketa egin da, eta baita musikaren sektorearen analisia ere, azken atal honetan azterlana gehienbat musikaren kontsumoan zentratuz. Interneten sorrerak paradigma enpresarial berri bar ekarri du, non komunikazioa eta kontsumitzailearen rola guztiz aldatu diren eta teknologia eta marketin tresna berriak sortzea ahalbidetu den. Testuinguru horretan, aipatutako gaien elementu ezberdinen inguruko gogoeta egin da, marketinak musika kontsumoan duen eragina aztertzeko asmoz. Bigarren zatian, berriz, azterketa enpiriko bat egin da, non aztertu diren Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako 63 ikaslek betetako inkesta baten emaitzak eta horien interpretazioa egin den. Inkesta horren helburua izan da laginaren musika kontsumitzeko joerak hurbiletik aztertzea, eta marketin praktikek horietan duten eragina atzematea. Ondorioen artean, maila teorikoan, honako hauek nabarmendu daitezke: 1) marketinaren 4C-en kontzeptuak modu egokian erantzuten diela gaur egungo merkatuaren ezaugarriei; 2) kontsumitzaileak rol zentrala betetzen duela edozein motako enpresetan. Analisi enpirikoan, berriz, hauek dira aipatzekoak: 1) streaminga da gehien erabiltzen den zerbitzua musika kontsumitzeko, baina ordaindu gabeko zerbitzua erabiltzen da; 2) kontsumitzaileak zerbitzuen erosotasuna baloratzen du, beste faktoreen aurretik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25843,2018-03-21,"In the present end of school year’s, an intervention has been carried out with a pupil of Infant school in order to work the values that transmit the Basque mythological personages. First of all, after defining what the myths are, what is mythology and what is Basque mythology, we will take into account the characteristics and values that mythological characters transmit or symbolize. Afterwards, a didactic sequence has been designed to be carried out with children, from 3 to 4 years of age, of the school Urretxindorra de Muxika. Throughout a week, with various activities, we will study the characters and values related to them. Finally, the results obtained by this practice will be commented.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan Euskal Mitologiako pertsonaiek transmititzen dituzten baloreak Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleekin lantzeko esku hartze bat gauzatu da. Lehenengo eta behin, teoria mailan mitoak, mitologia eta euskal mitologia zer diren definitu eta gero, hortik, mitologiako pertsonaien ezaugarriak eta transmititzen edo sinbolizatzen dituzten baloreen berri edukiko da. Gero, Muxikako Urretxindorra eskolako 3-4 urteko gelako umeekin aurrera eramateko esku hartze bat diseinatu da. Astebetean zehar, ekintza eta jarduera desberdinen bidez, euskal mitologiako pertsonaiak ezagutu eta horien baloreak umeekin landuko dira. Amaitzeko, praktikan lorturiko ondorioei dagozkien emaitzak zehaztuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24374,2011,"In this intervention figure de words pronounced by Gemma Zabaleta, Director of Labor and Social Affairs of the Basque Gouvernment, at the inauguration of the IV International Symposium on Risk Reduction: “The contribution of present policies and legislations to the risk and damage reduction in the matter of tobacco”. She defends a Basque Country free of tobacco smoke, where citizens need to take responsibility with their health. In order to have places of coexistence, meeting and entertainment, free of tobacco smoke, in addition to health arguments, the juridical arguments -included in the new legislation in this matter- must be taken into account.","Parte-hartze honek Eusko Jaurlaritzako Enplegu eta Gizarte Gaietako Sailburua den Gemma Zabaletak, IV Nazioarteko Sinposioan ”Egungo politikak eta legeak tabakoaren inguruko arriskuen eta kalteen murrizketan egindako Ekarpena” emandako hitzaldian esandakoa jasotzen du, bertan kea gabeko Euskadi bat defendatzen du, non hiritarrek osasunarekiko erantzukidetasuna izan dezaten. Bizikidetzarako, topaketarako eta aisialdirako guneak lortzeko, osasun argudioez gain argudio juridikoak daude guztiak, gai honi buruzko legerian jasota."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31744,2019-02-28,"The purpose of this qualitative investigation has been to understand the socio-educative value of cultural and artistic activities. Therefore, not only the scientific literature has been taken into account, but also the participating people’s opinion. The information has been collected through interviews and document analysis. The study of the collected information has been conducted with a categorical system, whose categories have been predetermined. This has allowed to make a first level interpretation, which has helped us to acquire a better understanding of this subject. From all of the results, it has been distinguished the great socio-educative value of such activities and their huge transforming potential. Finally, it has been pointed out the necessity of a bigger artistic formation for professional social educators.","Ikerketa kualitatibo honen helburua jarduera kultural eta artistikoen balio sozio-hezitzailea eta integratzailea ulertzea da. Horretarako, arlo honetan idatzitako literatura zientifikoa kontuan  hartu da , baita parte-hartzaile eta dinamizatzaileen ahotsak ere. Informazioa jasotzeko teknikak elkarrizketak eta dokumentuen analisia izan dira. Jasotako informazioaren analisia mailakako sistema baten bitartez burutu da, mailak aldez aurretik zehaztuz. Honek lehen interpretazio bat egiteko aukera eman du, gai honen inguruan ulermen sakonagoa izaten lagunduz. Emaitzen artean aipatzekoa da jarduera hauen balio soziohezitzailea eta eraldatzailea. Azkenik, gizarte heziketan parte hartzen duten profesionalen formakuntza artistiko gehiagoren beharra adierazten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19711,2016-12-01,"The objective of this project is the total electrification of an industrial pavilion. In order to do that, we have to know the necessities of the machines and the light power. And this carry out the electric installation from high electric lines to all the pavilion requirements.
The company that is going to be in the pavilion is dedicated to machining and in the factory, the mechanical workshop and the offices are to be located. In the workshop there is going to be a lot of machines and we have to analyze the power requirement because the factory never has to have less power that needed. The pavilion is going to be located in an industrial area, where Iberdrola have electrical high lines of 13,2KV to supply all pavilions. These lines are buried since the urbanizing of the industrial estate to facilitate the connection to all pavilions.
To do this Project we will take the protection and safety considerations imposed by law.","Proiektu honen helburua, pabiloi industrial baten elektrifikazio osoa burutzea da, makinariaren potentzia hornidura eta argi instalazioa kontuan hartuz. Hau da, elektrizitate hornikuntza enpresako goi tentsioko lineetatik, pabiloian behar diren elektrizitate beharrak asetzeko instalazioa burutzea.
Pabiloian kokatuko den enpresa, mekanizatutako piezak ekoiztuko ditu.Bertan, tailer mekanikoa eta bulegoak izango ditu. Tailerrean makinaria ugari egongo da eta hauen potentzia beharrak ondo aztertu beharko dira enpresak behar beste potentzia beti izan dezan. Pabiloia zonalde industrial batetan kokatuko da, non Iberdrolak, 13,2KVeko tentsio altuko lineak erabiltzen ditu pabiloi guztiak elektrizitatez hornitzeko. Linea hauek zonalde industriala urbanizatu zenean sartu ziren pabiloi guztiei lur azpiko konexio erraz bat bermatzeko.
Transformazio zentro itxia, pabiloiaren albo batean kokatuko da eta hemen tentsio altutik baxura pasako da transformadore baten laguntzaz.
Proiektu hau burutzeko, legeak ezarritako babes eta segurtasun betekizun guztiak kontutan hartuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47714,2020-11-04,"ENGLISH: The hot stamping process is a manufacturing technology for sheet metal forming, in which the material to be deformed is heated beforehand and the part is formed and hardened; where the active part of the dies suffers a great deal of wear. In order to increase the life of these high added value tools, it is proposed to manufacture the blocks with a ductile laminated steel base material that can resist the continuous impacts of the stamping, on which a high performance coating will be provided by means of a laser contribution (LMD) which, thanks to its high hardness, minimizes wear by abrasion. For this purpose, a coating with a functional gradient (FGM) is proposed, combining different materials, thus providing the part with different properties as the composition varies.","EUSKERA: Beroko estanpazio prozesuak txapa konformaketaren fabrikazio teknologia da, deformatu beharreko materiala  aurreberotu ostean pieza konformatu eta tenplatu egiten da; non trokelaren gune aktiboak higadura latzak jasaten dituen. Balio gehigarri altuko trokel hauen bizi zikloa luzatzeko, takoak kolpeak jasateko ijeztutako altzairu harikor batekin fabrikatzea proposatzen da, gainetik laser prozesu gehigarriaren bidez (LMD) errendimendu altuko estaldura bat gehituko zaio bere gogortasunari esker abrasio bidezko higadura minimizatzen dituena. Horretarako gradiente funtzional (FGM) bidezko estaldura egitea planteatzen da, material ezberdinak konbinatuz, piezaren konposizioa aldatu ahala barne propietateak aldatuko dituena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25492,1997,"Autonomous Community of the Basque Country assembles several fields of administrative acting
in the matter of attendance to the victims of the offence. To specify crime rate in this Community, that presents
disorders with finality politics, the text explains some of the characteristics of political adopted in this
field. The need of attending with particular intensity to the victims of the terrorism is not in doubt, that’s why
since 1988 has implanted from Basque Government a program of the help to victims of the terrorism.","Euskal Herriko Autonomia Erkidegoak administrazio mailan jarduteko esparruak bildu ditu delitua
pairatu duten biktimei laguntzeari dagokionean. Erkidego honetan kriminalitateak duen berezitasunak,
hau da, helburu politikoa eskuratzeko ordena aldarazpenak, alor horretan burutu den politikaren ezaugarri
batzuk azaltzeko balio du. Terrorismoaren biktimei kasu berezia egiteko beharrizanak ez du dudarik planteatzen,
eta, horregatik, 1988an hasita Eusko Jaurlaritzak Indarkeariaren Biktimei Laguntzeko egitaraua ezarri
zuen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19356,2016-10-24,"Nowadays, spring energized lip seal are widely used components in numerous applications. They are often treated as a trivial commodity product, ignoring that its failure can lead to substantial costs and consequences.
Almost every sealing application is some sort of challenge regarding the design. This is due to the fact that, even the apparently simplest application, can have the challenge of to reducing cost and improving reliability.
For this reason, the aim of this final degree thesis is to set out the study of the contact problems coming from the use of a spring energized lip seal in a not usual situation like a cryogenic application.
Through the development of this study, the critical points to consider when re-designing the lip seal are going to be obtained, giving the opportunity to avoid future problems when using this component in an application with very low temperature conditions. Idoia","Gaur egun, ezpain juntura hainbat aplikaziotan asko erabiltzen diren elementuak dira. Gehienetan, garrantzirik gabeko oinarrizko elementutzat hartzen dira eta, ondorioz, atal horietako baten akats batek ekar ditzakeen ondorio eta kostu nabarmenak ez dira kontuan hartzen.
Diseinuari begira, ezpain juntura aplikazio bakoitza erronka txiki bat da, erabilera sinpleenetan ere elementu horren kostua murriztea eta fidagarritasuna handitzea zaila baita.
Erronka horri helduz, gradu amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia aplikazio kriogeniko batean ezpain juntura ematen diren kontaktu arazoak mahai-gaineratzea eta aztertzea da. Ikerketa honi esker, birdiseinua egiteko kontuan izan beharko diren puntu larriak lortu ahal izango dira. Modu honetan, etorkizunean aplikazio kriogeniko batean junturaren erabilerak izan ditzakeen arazoak ekidin ahal izango dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55035,2022-01-18,"The silence about abuse has begun to be broken and prevention programs based on assertiveness have been created. The aim of this work was to investigate whether assertiveness can become a key strategy when it comes to deal with maltreatment. Therefore, an intervention was designed and implemented using the TARGET motivation model. A pre-test and a post-test were carried out to analyse whether the intervention enhanced assertive behaviour, and it was found that %96 of the students did so. However, it would be necessary to continue intervening so that this learning would be generalized.","Tratu-txarrei buruzko isiltasuna hausten hasi da, eta horretarako asertibitatean oinarritzen diren prebentzio programak sortu dira. Lan honen helburua, asertibitatea tratu txarrei aurre egiteko estrategia gakoa izan daitekeen ikertzea izan zen. Horiek horrela, TARGET motibazio ereduaren bidez praktikan jarri zen esku-hartze bat diseinatu zen. Pre test bat eta post test bat gauzatu ziren esku-hartzeak asertzio-portaera sustatzen ote zuen aztertzeko, eta ikasleen %96ak hala egin zuela egiaztatu zen. Dena den, ikaskuntza horiek orokortu daitezen beharrezkoa litzateke esku-hartzen jarraitzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25025,2006,"In the last decades some new phenomena have appeared that involve a risk for security and liberty in our societies; and other phenomena, due to violence used, play a role in increasing the feelings of insecurity. To face this, the public prosecutor must protect the interest of the community, demanding responsibility to the offenders, to fulfil the mission of defending the legality. Appearance of new forms of crime, which cause a relevant social worry, must be faced by adapting the active answer to their peculiar features.","Azken hamarkadetan, gizarteen segurtasuna eta askatasuna arriskuan jarri duten zenbait gertakari sortu dira eta beste batzu, erabilitako biolentzia dela medio, segurtasun ezaren sentimendua handitu dute. Honen aurrean, Fiskaltzak, legezkotasuna babesteko zereginean, komunitatearen interesak gorde behar ditu, arau-hausleei erantzukizuna exijituz. Egonezin nabarmena sortzen duten delinkuentzia forma berrien agerpenei, erantzun aktiboa egokituta aurre egin behar zaie."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67878,2024-05-10,"This work presents a proposal of a new communications system that works on an electronic communications card. The purpose of this proposal is to improve the network protection equipment, called GPG (Generic Power Gateway), which is found in Spanish Smart Grids. To this end, various hardware description tools such as Vivado, Vitis or Vitis HLS have been used to design the communications system.","Lan honetan komunikazio-sistema berri baten proposamen bat erakusten da, komunikazio-txartel elektroniko batean funtziona dezan. Proposamen honen helburua da Espainiako Smart Grids-etan dauden GPG (Generic Power Gateway) izeneko sarea babesteko ekipoak hobetzea. Horretarako, hardwarea deskribatzeko hainbat tresna erabili dira, hala nola Vivado, Vitis edo Vitis HLS komunikazio-sistema diseinatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47706,2020-11-04,"The actual model of consumption is challenging the planet capabilities to withstand the pressure generated from excess resource consumption. The continuous growth of population and the increment of the middle class in the world threats  planet’s sustainability. The model of Circular Economy based on the optimization of resources trough the maximization of use and the reduction of waste, appears as the new key to solve the problem. However, the transition to this new system comprises a certain degree of complexity. At same time industry is confronting the fourth revolution also known as Industry 4.0, which intends to digitalize the whole industry through the use of technologies like the Internet of Things or Additive Manufacturing with the aim of optimizing the industrial systems. Along this work both terms of Circular Economy and Industry 4.0 are presented and analyzed in order to generate an adequate context for providing an analysis of how these emergent industrial technologies can accelerate the transition to this new model of economy. This work has the intention of serving as foundation for future research around a topic that offers a great potential and still remains underdeveloped.","Egungo kontsumo-ereduak erronka egiten die planetak baliabideen gehiegizko kontsumoak eragindako presioa jasateko dituen gaitasunei. Biztanleriaren etengabeko hazkundeak eta munduko klase ertainaren hazkundeak jasangarritasuna mehatxatzen du. Ekonomia zirkularraren eredua baliabideen optimizazioan oinarritzen da, erabilera maximizatuz eta hondakinak murriztuz, eta arazoa konpontzeko gakoa da. Hala ere, sistema berri horretaranzko trantsizioak konplexutasun maila bat hartzen du. Aldi berean, industriak aurre egiten dio bere laugarren iraultzari, Industria 4.0 izenaz ere ezagutzen dena, industriaren guztizkoa digitalizatzea proposatzen duena, Gauzen Internet edo 3D inprimaketa bezalako teknologien bidez, industria-sistemak optimizatzeko asmoz. Lan honetan, Ekonomia Zirkularra eta Industria 4.0 kontzeptuak aurkezten dira, testuinguru egoki bat sortzeko helburuarekin. Testuinguru horretan, industria-teknologia berri horiek ekonomia-eredu berrirako trantsizioa bizkortzen nola lagun dezaketen aztertzen da. Lan hau potentzial handia duen eta oraindik behar bezala garatuta ez dagoen gai baten inguruko etorkizuneko ikerketak garatzeko oinarri ona izan dadin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50973,2021-04-15,"Nowadays, along with the change that has occurred in society, the role of education
has varied and the needs that it must respond to, have increased: to encourage students to be critical, to manage over-information, to protect teachers, to offer students the attention that they demand, to overcome the curricular division, etc. Within this context, it is necessary to consider the educational character that cities have. Developing a local curriculum and using educational power of cities can be useful and effective resources for education. These paper, analyses the resources mentioned above, that is to say, the local curriculum and the educational cities, and their respective examples in detail. At the same time, an innovative programme is proposed for a term, the main objective of which is to take advantage of the educational dimension of the city. To this end, the context, justification, objectives, competencies, contents, resources, tasks or activities, timing and conclusions are determined. Likewise, in this programming, students will be in contact with the city during three weekly sessions and will create a didactic guide to know different spaces of the city.","Gizartearen aldaketarekin batera, gaur egun, hezkuntzaren papera aldatu egin
da eta hezkuntzak erantzun behar dituen premiak ugaldu egin dira: ikasle kritikoak sortzea, gehiegizko informazioa kudeatzea, irakasleak babestea, ikasleei beharrezko atentzioa eskaintzea, zatiketa kurrikularra gainditzea… etab. Testuinguru horretan, guztiz kontuan hartzekoa da hiriek duten izaera hezitzailea. Tokiko curriculum-ak garatzea eta hirien ahalmen hezitzailea erabiltzea baliabide erabilgarriak eta eraginkorrak izan daitezke
hezkuntzarentzat. Lan honetan, aipatutako baliabide horiek, alegia, tokiko curriculumak eta hiri hezitzaileak eta euren adibideak zehaztasunez aztertzen dira. Horrekin batera, hiriaren alderdi hezitzaileari probetxua ateratzea helburu nagusi duen hiruhileko baterako
programazio berritzaile bat planteatzen da. Horretarako, testuingurua, justifikazioa,
helburuak, konpetentziak, edukiak, baliabideak, zereginak, denboralizazioa eta ondorioak
zehazten dira. Halaber, programazio honetan, astean hiru saiotan hiriarekin kontuaktuan
egongo dira umeak eta hiriko gune ezberdinak ezagutzeko gida didaktiko bat sortuko dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16506,2015-12-17,"Audio and video edition is a currently a very frequent practice in all parts of the world, in both professional and domestic scopes. So much so that in 2018, it is foreseen that 80% of the internet’s traffic will be the uploading and downloading of videos.
To be able to offer simple and powerful audio and video edition to users, there is currently a great quantity of paid software which can be very efficient and have very good results, but it could happen that some users can’t afford to have access to it, whether it’s due to financial reasons or because the software is not found on the platforms that the user owns, and that is where Kdenlive is born – a free open-source editor developed by a community of end-users and developers, who together are helping Kdenlive to be at the same level as commercial video editors. Although there is a great community of people who help each other, the current documentation isn’t completely aimed at new developers, without previous experience.
This work will be about adding new functionalities to Kdenlive, at the request of the development community, as well as creating a documentation source that can help new developers to concentrate directly on the task of programming, instead of searching for previous information about the program.","Gaur egun, munduko leku guztietan ikusentzunezko materiala (audio eta bideo) editatzea eguneroko praktika bihurtu da, etxeko eremuetan zein profesional eremuetan. Hain neurri handian, 2018rako aurreikuspenak honako hauek direlarik: internet trafikoaren 80% bideo igoerak eta jeitsierak izango dira.
Erabiltzaileei audio eta bideoaren edizio erreza eta eraginkorra eskeini ahal izateko, ordaintze software ugari daude eraginkorrak eta emaitza onak dituztenak. Ordea, hainbat erabiltzaileek ezinezkoa dute horrelakorik erabili, bai arazo ekonomikoak direla bai erabiltzaileek esku duten plataforman ez egoteagatik. Egoera horiei erantzuna emanez, Kdenlive sortzen da, bideo ediziorako programa librea erabiltzaileek eta garapentzaileek elkarrekin lan egiten sortu dutena. Nahiz eta elkarri
5
laguntzen diren pertsona talde handi bat egon, gaur egungo informazioa ez dago esperientzarik gabeko garapentzaile berriei zuzenduta.
Lan honetan, garapentzaile komunitateak eskatuta, Kdenlive softwareari erabilpen berriak gehitzen saiatuko da. Eta baita garapentzaile berroeo programazioan laguntzeko dokumentazio berria sortzea, hau da, programa zehatz bati buruzko informazioaren bilaketan denbora galdu beharrean, programazioan zuzenean zentratzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14033,2015-01-16,"It is a project of the type of intervention, whose main objective is to make a diagnosis or analysis of the emotional needs of students who intern at the psychosocial area of Aspaldiko Foundation. In order to make a proposal or intervention design an Emotional Education program based on the identified needs.
The model which is based this TFG is the model programs and collaborative consultation. From a methodological point of view, this is a qualitative study based on interviews and observation, through which, to obtain objective data on training needs in Emotional Competences of students in practice.","Esku-hartze modalitate proiektua da, zeinetan, helburu nagusia Aspaldiko Fundazioaren area psikosozialeko praktika ikasleen behar emozionalak diagnostikatzea edo analizatzea izan da. Geroago, ikusitako behar horietan oinarrituta, Heziketa Emozionaleko programa baten esku-hartze diseinua burutu ahal izateko.
GAL hau, programetako eta lankidetza-kontsultako modeloan oinarrituta dago. Ikuspuntu metodologikotik, elkarrizketan eta behaketan oinarritutako ikerketa kualitatiboa da. Honen bitartez, ikasleen Konpetentzia Emozionalak hezteko beharraren gaineko datu objektiboak lortu dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47709,2020-11-04,"This projectseeks a design of the Lean Six Sigma methodologydeployment which optimizes its performance in the implementation in the small and mediumsized enterprises. Due to the characteristics of the PYMES, it  is  necessary  to synthetize the  knowledges and tools  available  that the  different  quality  and continuous improvement  philosophies  offer which  converge  in  LSS.  The Project  looks  to create  a  guide  of  LSS  for the small  and  medium  size  enterprises  so  that  they  can  focus  they  efforts  in  an  effective  way  in  the implementation of the methodology.","Proiektu honek Lean Six Sigma metodologiaren hedapenaren diseinu erakargarri bat lortzeko helburua du, enpresa txiki eta ertainean bere funtzionamendu eta inplementazio egokiagoa ahalbidetzeko. ETE-k dituzten ezaugarri esanguratsuei esker, nahitaezkoa da kalitate filosofía ezberdinek aurkezten dituzten tresna eta ezagutza ezberdinak sintetizatzea LSS sisteman, etengabeko hobekntza posible eginez. Helburu nagusia, enpresa txiki eta ertainen inplementazio egoki baterako LSS sistemaren gida bat egitea da, enpresaren baliabideak aprobetxatuz prozesua eraginkorragoa izateko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24361,2015,"The present article offers an anthropological analysis of the problem of the social reintegration with regard to a group of women who are serving the last period of a prison sentence or who have been recently released. It aims at showing how the sense and the practices regarding freedom constitute a consequence of a perverse social integration. Furthermore, the author believes that getting to know this problem might help define and improve the quality of the ideas in order to reach a wider and better social inclusion.","Duela gutxi aske geratutako edo euren espetxe-zigorraren bukaeran dauden emakumeen taldeak birgizarteratzeko duen arazoaren analisi antropologikoa eskaintzen du artikulu honek. Askatasunari buruzko zentzu eta praktikak birgizarteratze oker baten ondorio direla adierazten saiatzen da artikulua. Gainera, aipatutako arazoa ezagutzea lagungarria izan daiteke inklusio sozial zabalagoa eta hobea lortzeko ideiak definitu eta euren kalitatea hobetzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72782,2025-02-14,"In this end of degree project (TFG) a study on copolymers based on L-lactide and ethylene brassylate was carried out, with the aim of modifying their mechanical properties through various treatments. In this study, 3 copolymers with different weight percentages of ethylene brassylate were synthesized and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, gel permeation chromatography and tensile testing. From these analyses, the molecular weight, composition and thermal transitions were obtained. Once the polymers were synthesized, they were processed through compression molding, and the mechanical properties of the resulting films were determined by tensile tests at room temperature and body temperature. This work was developed in the laboratories of the Group of Science and Engineering of Polymer Biomaterials
(ZIBIO Group), a group with extensive experience in polymeric materials with wide applications in the biomedical field.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan (TFG), L-laktida eta etileno-brasilatoan oinarritutako kopolimeroei buruzko ikerketa bat egin da, tratamendu ezberdinen bidez haien propietate mekanikoak aldatzeko. Ikerketa honetan, etileno-brasilatoaren pisu-portzentaje ezberdineko 3 kopolimero sintetizatu dira. Ondoren, haien karakterizazioa egin da ekorketako kalorimetria diferentziala, erresonantzia magnetiko nuklearra, gel-permeatze-kromatografia eta trakzio-probak erabiliz. Horietatik, haien pisu molekularra, konposizioa eta trantsizio termikoak lortu ziren. Polimeroak lortu ondoren, konpresio moldaketaren bidez bidez prozesatu ziren, eta ondoriozko filmen propietate mekanikoak tentsio-saiakuntzen bidez zehaztu ziren bai giro-tenperaturan, bai gorputz-tenperaturan. Biomaterial
Polimerikoen Zientzia eta Ingeniaritza Taldeko (ZIBIO Taldea) laborategietan garatutako lana izan da. Ikerketa talde honek, esperientzia zabala baitu material polimerikoekin, arlo biomedikoan erabilera zabala dutenak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16329,2015-12-03,"This document expresses the process followed to obtained the energetic certification of a house. In fact, this is very important, because all houses are obliged to have the above-mentioned certification, if they are to be rented or sold. This follows the requirements of the Royal Decree enforced approximately two years ago. In order to do this, we use the software CE3X. It is necessary to have all the details of the certified house (materials, measurements, windows...).
To verify this, in the first place, we qualified the house energetically, which is what is explained in this document. We obtained a letter F, one of the worst qualifications. Afterwards, we applied some possible measures to improve the energetic efficiency. In this way we obtained a letter E, with a payback and an inversion which were not very high.","Garatutako txosten honekin, etxebizitza baten kalifikazio energetikoa burutuko da. Izan ere, gai honek orain dela bi urte sartu zen dekretuaren ondorioz berebiziko garrantzia hartu du etxe bat saldu edo alokatzeko orduan. Aipatutako kalifikazio energetikoa lortu ahal izateko CE3X programa erabiliko da. Horretarako, beharrezko izango da aztertutako etxearen datu aipagarrienak izatea (neurriak, materialak, leihoak...).
Lehenik eta behin, proiektuaren helburu den etxebizitzaren kalifikazio energetikoa lortuko da, F letra eskuratuz, oso kalifikazio baxua dena. Ondoren, hobekuntza batzuk aplikatuko zaizkio etxeari energia eraginkortasuna hobetzeko asmoarekin. Hori eginez gero, E letra bat lortzea posible izango da amortizazio epe eta inbertsio nahiko onargarriekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36859,2019-12-12,In the present final grade work is carried out the design and simulation of a photovoltaic system of a single-family house in Güeñes. This house is connected to the network and it is intended to cover part of theelectricity demand with energy generated by the solar panels. To carry out the calculations and simulations will be used PVsyst software.,Gradu amaierako lan honetan Güeñeseko familia bakarreko etxebizitza batentzako sistema fotoboltaiko baten diseinua eta simulaioa burutuko da.Etxebizitza hori elektrizitate hornikuntza sarerakonektaturik dago eta elektrizitate eskariaren parte bat eguzki panelen bidez bete nahi da. Kalkuluak esta simulazioak egiteko PVsyst programa informatikoa erabiliko da.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31753,2019-02-28,"The aim of this research work is to create an inventory of communication strategies for school interviews. To do that, through the quantitative method and based on real interviews between families and teachers, different constraints have been analysed: communication style, language and interview-phases. The interviews analysed are divided into two types: those conducted between expert teachers and parents, and those conducted between inexperienced teachers and fictitious parents. The characteristics of these types of interviews have been analysed, in order to determine if there are differences among them. In some aspects, expert teachers have shown better strategies to communicate than inexperienced teachers. However, in general, in the corpus used, expert and inexperienced teachers have shown similar communication skills. Taking into account the results obtained in this work, an inventory of appropriate communication strategies has been created.","Ikerketa-lan honen helburua, eskola-elkarrizketetarako komunikazio-estrategien inbentarioa sortzea da. Horretarako, metodo kuantitatiboa erabiliz eta familia eta irakasleen arteko elkarrizketa errealetan oinarrituta, elkarrizketa horietako ezaugarri desberdinak aztertu dira: estilo-komunikatiboa, hizkuntza eta faseak. Aztertutako elkarrizketak bi azpimultzotan sailkatzen dira: irakasle aditu eta gurasoen artekoak, eta irakasle ez-aditu eta sasi-gurasoen artekoak. Bi elkarrizketa mota horietan emandako ezaugarriak aztertu dira, bien arteko desberdintasuna antzemateko. Aspektu batzuetan, irakasle adituek, ez-adituek baino komunikazio-estrategia egokiagoak erabili dituzte. Dena den, oro har, bai aditu bai ez-adituek antzeko gaitasunak adierazi dituzte jasotako corpusetan. Lanean jasotako emaitzen aurrean, komunikazio-estrategia egokien inbentarioa sortu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62942,2023-07-07,"The extent of the after-effects produced by Stockholm syndrome has awakened, in many professionals, the interest in knowing the real reasons for the behavioural changes observed in direct victims of this paradoxical manifestation. Therefore, and through this work, the aim is to carry out a bibliographical review of the aforementioned phenomenon, from its historical and conceptual background to the repercussion of the syndrome itself in the different existing social contexts such as couple contexts, work scenarios and different exceptional environments closely linked to people living together in society. Likewise, through the review of various studies on the subject in question, the personal consequences derived from the same, both pathological and behavioural, as well as those preventive strategies that can contribute to the eradication of the effects of the latter will be examined in depth, analysing them all from a criminological perspective.","Stockholmeko sindromeak eragindako ondorioen irismenak interesa piztu du, profesional askoren artean, manifestazio paradoxiko horren zuzeneko biktimengan hautemandako portaera-aldaketen benetako arrazoiak ezagutzeko. Beraz, eta lan honen bidez, aipatutako fenomenoaren bibliografia-berrikuspena egin da, ibilbide historiko eta kontzeptualetik hasi eta sindromeak berak hainbat gizarte-esparrutan duen eraginera arte, hala nola bikote-testuinguruetan, lan-eszenatokietan eta gizartean bizi diren pertsonei hertsiki lotutako salbuespenezko hainbat ingurunetan. Era berean, gai horri buruzko hainbat azterketa berrikusiz, horren ondorio pertsonaletan sakonduko da, ondorio patologikoak nahiz portaerazkoak, bai eta azken horren ondorioak ezabatzen lagun dezaketen prebentzio-estrategietan ere, eta horiek guztiak ikuspegi kriminologikotik aztertuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25440,1998,"Juvenile delinquency is not a new social fact. The different theories and interpretetive models of
this trouble show its relation with the social misadaptation and deviated behaviour, so from that we can deduce
the importance of the socialization process. The study of juvenile delinquency’s problem shows that the
design and development of a juvenile justice must be immediate, individualized and make possible the alternative
measures without forgetting prevention.","Gazteek protagonizatutako delinkuentzia ez da giza-ekintza berria. Fenomeno honen teoria eta
eredu interpretatibo ezberdinek, jarrera desbideratu, gizarte moldagabezia, e.a.-ekin duten lotura erakusten
dute. Gazte delinkuentziaren arazoaren ikerketak, gazte justiziaren diseinu eta garapenak, berehalakoa, bereizia
eta neurri alternatiboak, prebentzioa ahaztu gabe, bultzatu behar dituena dela, erakusten digu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25417,1999,"Starting from the concept of immigrant, the stereotypes contents’ and their development is
analysed through de personal experience or the social apprenticeship. In this way, and after a reflection about
crime as a social object, some considerations about strangers’ social control are indicated, pointing out the
environmental perspective of urban security.","Inmigrantearen definizioaz abiatu eta esperientzia pertsonalen bidez, estereotipoen edukina eta
bere garapena aztertzen da. Giza objetu bezala, krimenari buruz gogoeta bat eginez, arrotzaren giza kontrolari
buruzko iritzi batzuk agertzen dira herritarren segurtasunaren ingurugune ikuspuntua nabarmenduz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20846,2001,"Although the intrinsic importance in Basque literature of Axular's ""Gero"" (1643) means that any kind of problem whatsoever related to it is quick to awaken the interest of scholars, those concerning the originality of the work have always been, and still are, those to stir the greatest passions. The present article revises certain parallelisms, of both thematic and textural nature, with ascetic works by earlier authors foreign to the Euskara written tradition which can be ascertained throughout the Navarran writer's book. Similarities with texts by Fray Luis de Granada are particularly highlighted.","Betidanik izan da interesgarria Axularren ""Gero"" (1643) liburuak testu kidetasunari buruz sortarazi duen arazoa, izan ere autore zenbaiten ustez kidetasun hori testu dependentzia nabarmena izatera iritsi baita. Behin-behinekoa izan arren, artikulu honek kezka hori argitzen hasteko erantzuna eskaini nahi luke. Bukaeran, eta eranskin gisa, Axularren ""Gero"" liburuaren hainbat pasarte aszetika arloko beste zenbait testu ezagunekin erkatzen dira, Granadako Luisen obretatik jasotakoei garrantzi berezia ematen zaielarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21002,2017-03-20,"This project presents the energy certification of a house located in Ave. San Adrian, No. 12-4th B, for which the initial rating of the residence will be displayed by means of the CE3X program. Subsequently, different improvements will be suggested attending to their technical and economic viability. Finally, the optimal improvement measures will be selected in order to upgrade the rating and the energy efficiency of the house.","Lan honen bitartez San Adrian Etorbideko 12. zenbakiaren 4.B pisuko etxeak duen ziurtargiri energetikoa azaldu egiten da. CE3X programaren bitartez, etxebizitzak duen hasierako kalifikazioa erakutsiko da. Gero, etxebizitak hobekuntzak izateko zenbait proposamen azalduko dira eta bideragarritasun teknikoak eta ekonomikoak aztertuko dira. Azkenengoz, hobekuntza-neurriak aukeratuko dira, kalifikazioan eta efizientzia energetikoan hobekuntzak izan dezan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43280,2020-05-19,"Our study aims to analyze how dead is treated in the current Children and Youth Literature, specifically when that is product of an illness and it´s suffered by the family of the protagonist. This topic, which is a priori easy to understand for adults, is not so much for children. The school should be involved in this task, putting at its disposal all the necessary means to educate on this subject and to help the children in possible mourning processes. Children's writers in their works treat death as a natural fact. Children and Youth Literature provides understandable support, shows this reality from examples and experiences that help resolve internal conflicts. Children's literature allows the child to understand the sad experience of death, to channel emotions and gain maturity. The story is a key for the child to understand this reality and relieve his suffering in duel experiences. This End of Grade Work proposes to perform the referred analysis from a selection of ten children´s literary works.","Gure lanaren helburua gaur egungo Haur eta Gazte Literaturak heriotzari eskaintzen dion tratamendua aztertzea da, bereziki gaixotasunen ondorioa den kasuetan. Aurretiaz gai hau pertsona nagusientzat ulertzeko erraza dela pentsatzen dugu, baina ez da horrela gertatzen umeekin. Eskolak gai honen inguruan buru belarri lan egin behar du, horrela umeei lagundu ahalko die dolu prozesua bizi behar dutenean. Haur eta Gazte Literaturaren idazleek heriotzaren gairi buruz idaztea normaltzat hartzen dute. Literatura mota honek ezinbesteko laguntza eskaintzen du, baita errealitatea adibide desberdinekin erakusteko aukera ere, honela barne arazoak konpontzeko erraztasuna emanez. Haur eta Gazte Literaturak umeari heriotzaren momentu txarrak ulertzen eta emozioak bideratzen laguntzen dio. Liburua ezinbesteko abiapuntu bihurtzen da umeak errealitatea uler eta doluarekin lehenengo esperientzia hori leun dezan. Gradu Amaierako Lan honek hamar lan literario desberdinen azterketa bat proposatzen du, aurreko guztia ondo ulertzeko asmoarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29437,2018-10-31,"This work deals a report about cable driven parallel manipulators. A parallel manipulator is a closed  kinematic  chain  with  an  end-effector  connected  to  a  fixed  base  by  several independent kinematic chains. If the actuators connecting the fixed base to the end-
effector are cables, then it is called cable driven parallel manipulators.
For  its  realization,  all  posible  information  will  be  collected,  wether 
from  the  Internet, engineering journals or books of the High Technical School of Engineering (ETSI), and it will be  exposed  so  that  anyone  can  go  to  this  work  searching  for  information. It  contains 
information about what a cable driven parallel manipulator is, what characteristics it has, what types  there  are,  what  they  are  used  for  and  what  are  the  equations  that  govern  their movement.","Lan honetan kableen bidez eragindako manipulatzaile paraleloei buruzko txosten bat egiten da.  Manipulatzaile  paralelo  bat:  kate-
zinematikoa  itxita  plataforma  mugikor  batekin  base finko bati lotuta aparteko kate-zinematikoa batzuen bidez. Base finkoa plataforma higikorrari lotzen  dituzten  eragingailuak  kableak  badira,  kableen 
bidez  eragindako  manipulatzaile paraleloak deitzen dira.
Lana burutzeko interneteko, ingenieritza-aldizkarietako edo ETSIko liburuetako informazioa bilduko  da,  eta  edozeinek  informazioa  bilduko  da,  eta  edozeinek  informazioa  bila  lan honetara  etor  dezake  manipulatzaile  paralelo  zer  den,  zein  mota  dauden,  zertarako erabiltzen diren eta zein ekuazio eraentzen dituen bere mugimendua bilatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67896,2024-05-10,"In this document, the design of a 220/30 kV transformer substation to provide service to an automotive production plant in Rivabellosa is described. To achieve this, the elements and equipment that make up the substation are specified, as well as their location on the plans
The substation has two incoming lines and eight outgoing lines, with a single-bar 220 kV configuration in the ""H"" shape and a double-bar 30 kV configuration. These configurations ensure a high supply reliability. Additionally, there is a building that houses the 30 kV cell room, auxiliary service transformers room, control and protection room, and a warehouse.
The calculations performed justify the design, the choice of main components, and ensure the overall safety of the substation operation.
Finally, the specifications that participants in the project execution must meet are established in the bidding document, and the budget is detailed.","Dokumentu honetan 220/30 kV-ko transformazio-azpiestazio baten diseinua deskribatzen da, Rivabellosan automobil-ekoizpeneko industria-planta bati zerbitzua emateko. Horretarako, azpiestazioa osatzen duten elementuak eta ekipoak zehazten dira, baita planoetan duten kokapena ere.
Azpiestazioak bi sarrera-lerro eta zortzi irteera-lerro ditu. Konfigurazioa 220 kVkoa da, barra bakarrekoa, ""H"" tan, eta 30 kVkoa, barra bikoitzekoa. Konfigurazio horiei esker, hornidura-fidagarritasun handia lortzen da. Gainera, eraikin bat du, eta bertan daude 30 kV-ko gelaxka-gela, zerbitzu osagarrien transformadore-gela, kontrol- eta babes-gela eta biltegi bat.
Egindako kalkuluek diseinua eta osagai nagusien aukeraketa justifikatzen dute, eta, gainera, transformazio-azpiestazioaren eragiketa-segurtasun osoa ziurtatzen dute.
Azkenik, baldintza-agirian proiektua gauzatzeko parte-hartzaileek bete behar dituzten zehaztapenak ezartzen dira, eta aurrekontua zehazten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30267,2017-07-18,"In recent years, the Environmental Criminology has become as one of the most important disciplines in matters of urban security, which can be diminished by phenomena such as criminality of fear of crime. Thanks to the use of Grografic Information Systems, crime maps and prevention methods, this criminological field is a
3
great help to apply prevention politics at the urban level. Therefore, in this work, contextualized in Irun, it reflects to the need of including a Geografic Information System in this town, taking into account her advantages and limitations, at the same time that it examine the objective and subjective security of the city, through an analysis of policial datas, a survey to the citizens and three interviews to experts. All this to, finally, bring improvement proposals based on the design of spaces.","Azken urtetan, Ingurumen Kriminologia jakintzaiagi garrantzitsuenetariko bar bihurtu da hiri ziurtasun kontuetan, kriminalitatearengatik edo delituarekiko beldurragatik murriztu litekeena. Geografia-Informazio Sistemei, delitu mapei eta prebentzio metodoei esker, alor kriminologiko honek laguntza izugarria eskaintzen du prebentzio politikak ezartzeko hiri-mailan. Beraz, Irungo hirian kokatu den lan honen bidez, udalerri honetan Geografia-Informazio Sistema bat ezartzeko beharrari buruz hausnartzen da, bere abantailak eta mugak kontuan harturik; halaber, hiriaren ziurtasun objektiboa eta subjektiboa aztertzen da, datu polizial analisiaren bidez, eta hiritarei inkesta bat eginez, baita hiru aditunei elkarrizketa bat eginez ere. Eta, hau guztia, azkenean espazioen diseinuan oinarritutako hobekuntza proposamenak emateko"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14817,2015-04-01,"In this work it has been analysed the theme of the internalization on the viniculture sector, by briefly expressing the importance of the agriculture area, from which is part the studied area. This will be analysed by case studies, I will analyse two of the most important wineries in Spain, by making interviews to the people in charge of the external trade; Bodegas Torres (located in Cataluña) and Bodegas Eguren-Ugarte (located in the Basque Country). These two wineries are established in two different autonomous regions that are historically wine producers and distributors. With this interviews I´m trying to; strengthen my aptitudes related to the relations with influential people and big businessmen, trying to know better how they work and also trying to improve the face-to-face contact with this kind of people. On the other hand, I look to identify the differential characteristics of the process of internalization of the viniculture sector, in order to be better aware of the sector and the way in which the winery companies make their international expansion. Thirdly, and due to the fact that the viniculture sector is quickly growing and modernizing, knowing the new ways of commercializing the product. Finally, and in a minor grade, because of the scarcity of information, I search for the participation of the public entity (state, autonomic, European) inside the progress of internalization and if this participation is important for this process.","Lan honetan ardoaren sektorearen nazioartekotzearen gaia lantzen da, elikagaien sektoreari buruzko analisi txiki bat eginez ere. Analisi hau kasu praktikoen bidez egingo dut, Espainiako bi bodega garrantzitsuenetako nazioartekotze arduradunei elkarrizketa zuzenak egiten. Aukeratutako enpresak Eguren-Ugarte eta Torres dira; lehenengoa Euskal Herrian duelako sedea eta nazio mailan ardo marka ezagunen artean aurkitzen delako, eta bigarrena, Katalunian sedea duena eta nazio zein nazioarte mailan marka ezagunen artean aurkitzen delako. Elkarrizketa hauekin helburu desberdinak lortu nahi ditut: alde batetik, pertsona garrantzitsuei eta enpresaburu famatuekin erlazioa hobetzea, hauen aurrean nire ziurtasuna hobetzeko; beste alde batetik, ardoen sektorearen nazioartera hedatze prozesuaren ezaugarriak ezagutzea eta baita sektorearenak ere; bestalde, sektorearen dinamismoa oso altua denez eta gaur egun berritze prozesu izugarria jasaten duenez, produktua merkaturatzeko era berriak ezagutzea; eta bukatzeko, eta garrantzi gutxiagoko helburu bezala hartuz, informazio falta dela eta, ardoen sektorearen nazioarteko hedatzean entitate publikoek duten esku-hartzea ezagutu nahi izan dut, eta baita esku-hartze hau sektorearentzat garrantzitsua den edo ez jakitea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26274,1989,"Juridical penal science is analyzed, in particular its concept, purpose and contents: penal law, crime and its consequences (penalty, measure and reparation). It ends in several methodological considerations about Criminal Law science.","Bereziki zientzia juridiko penalaren funtzioa, kontzeptua eta bere edukina aztertzen dira: arau juridiko penala, delitua eta bere ondorioak (pena, neurria eta medeantza), zuzenbide penalaren zientziari buruzko kontsiderapen metodologiko batzuekin bukatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16446,2015-12-14,"This work has as main objective the achievement of the energy rating of Txomin Jauregui’s home, and therefore the study of possible improvements that can be performed on it. It will work with the software CE3X by a simple process and the certificate will be obtained. Once the rate is obtained , it will work on improvements that can be implemented for the benefit of the property owner. In this report is collected the whole process to be followed to obtain the certificate , the improvements to be applied and the new certificate that will be obtained after the implementation of the improvements. In the accompanying supplementary is collected the information which will facilitate the reader the understanding of the process.","Lan honek Txomin Jaureguiren etxebizitzaren ziurtapen energetikoa lortzea eta ondoren gauzatu daitezkeen hobekuntzen azterketa garatzea ditu helburu nagusiak. CE3X programa informatikoarekin lan egingo da eta prozesu sinple bati esker lortuko da kalifikazioa. Behin kalifikazioa lortu dela, eraikuntzaren jabearen onurarako bideragarriak diren hobekuntzak aurrera eramango dira. Dokumentu honetan ziurtapena lortzeko jarraitu beharreko prozesu guztia azaltzen da, aplikatu daitezkeen hobekuntzen azalpena eta hobekuntza hauek aplikatu ondoren lortutako ziurtapen energetikoaren kalifikazio berria emango dira. Eranskinetan prozesu guztia hobeto ulertzeko informazio gehigarria emango zaio dokumentu honen irakurleari."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23274,2017-07,"In this End-of-Grade Project (EGP) the e ectiveness of the Transmitter Identi
 cation (TxID) when estimating channels is studied. For that, two programs are done.
One of them is used in order to study the characteristics of three di erent sequences,
which can be used as TxID. The other one simulates an Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing (OFDM) chain with a Rayleigh channel, which transmits a signal with a
TxID in the emissor and, thanks to that, performs a channel estimation in the receiver. By
means of an interactive interface, some chain's parameters can be changed in order to do
di erent simulations in various environments, and that way, analize TxID's e ectiveness
in channel estimation and the in
uence some e ects have in that estimation.","Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) honetan, Transmitter Identi cation (TxID)
delakoaren eraginkortasuna aztertzen da kanalak estimatzeko orduan. Horretarako, bi
programa desberdin egiten dira. Horietako bat erabiltzen da TxID bezala erabil litezkeen
hiru sekuentzia desberdinen ezaugarriak ikusi ahal izateko. Besteak Rayleigh kanala
daukan Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) kate bat simulatzen du.
Igorlean TxID-a daukan seinale bat transmitituko da, eta horri esker, hartzailean kalanaren
estimazioa egingo da. Interfaze interaktibo baten bidez, kate horren parametro
desberdinak alda daitezke, zenbait simulazio egin ahal izango dira ingurune desberdinetan,
eta horrela aztertuko da TxID-aren eraginkortasuna kanalak estimatzeko orduan eta
estimazio horretan efektu batzuek izan dezaketen eragina."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/15072,2015-05-08,"The following project consists in a selection methodology about ERPs focused on Pymes, for those who work in the industrial sector. I’ve proceed explaining in the first place the context involving the target enterprises, and justifying the need of this work. Then, the steps and assumptions considered in order to do the project are detailed in the methodology part, as well as the consulted sources and the way to create the method.
At last there’s a study on the current ERPs offer, and a selection of the most relevant ones in the Spanish territory nowadays.
Annex I. Detailed info about all the ERPs chosen for the present work. The questionnaires have been elaborated through this info (obtained from official sites, forums, official partners…)
Annex II. It comes to a list of questionnaires separated into blocks, according to the different sections in an enterprise. The manager of each area will have to fill the suitable block, specifying for every item whether is appropriate for the company or not. They will eventually obtain a score that will determine the ERPs that have a greater affinity with the enterprise, according to what it has chosen.
Annex III. The questionnaires in Excel format. When it is completed, the score and the compatibility with every ERP appears automatically on the last page already weighted.","Pymesera bideratuta dagoen ERP baten aukeraketa metodologikoa hurrengo lanaren oinarria da, bere industria jardueratan bideratuta. Lehenengo zatian, espainiako pymesen testuingurua eta proiektu honen beharraren justifikazioa azaldu da. Ondoren, metodologian, proiektua lantzeko kontuan hartu diren pausoak eta alderdiak, iturriak eta nola burutu den metodoa zehazten dira. Azkenik, egundo ERP eskaintzaren azterketa eta gaur egun espainiako lurraldean dauden garrantzitsuenen aukeraketa dago.
1. eranskina. Proiekturako aukeratu diren ERP guztien xehetasunak. Informazio honekin (orrialde ofizialetan lortuta, foroetan, partners ofizialetan…) galdeketak landu egin dira.
2. eranskina. Multzoetan zatituta dagoen galdeketa zerrenda bat da, empresaren sail ezberdinen arabera. Sail bakoitzaren arduradunak dagokion mul––tzoa bete behar du, nabarmenduz ítem bakoitzarentzat empresarentzat beharrezkoa bada edo ez. Azkenean, puntuazio bat lortuko da, zehaztuko duena zeintzuk ERP izango duten afinitate handiena empresarekin.
3. eranskina. Galdeketa zerrenda Excel formatuan. Osatzen denean, modu automatikoan puntuazio haztatuak eta bateragarritasuna ERP bakoitzarekin lortzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26699,1995,"After a brief analysis of the refugee situation in the world the principal problems this phenomenon generates are explained related to the refugee definition, the notion of a ""country safe"", the accelerated procedure to determinate the status of Refugee and the population and immigration control.","Nazioarteko mailan errefuxiatuen egoeraren azterketa bat egin ondoren, fenomeno honek sortzen dituen arazo garrantzitsuenak, ""herri ziur""-aren nozioa, errefuziatuaren determinazioarako prozedura azkarrak eta bai biztanlego eta migraziozko kontrola azaltzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26885,1996,"Pío Caro Baroja and his brother Julio collected in several recording tapes some of the Basque songs that they had listened at home just as their familu sang them when they were chilfren, and in the same order of their uncle Pío Baroja´s novels. After an explanation about how they got to the idea to make Julio sing and record these songs, the titles contained in these tapes are shown.","Piok eta bere anaia Julio Caro Barojak txikitandik beren etxean entzunda zeuzkaten zenmait euskal kanta bildu dutzen zinta magnetofoniko batzuetan, beren osaba Pioren eleberrietan agertzen den ordenaren arabera. Juliok kantatzeko eta grabatzeko ideia nola sortu zuen azaldu ondoren, zinta bakoitzak dauzkan tituluak adierazten dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20101,2017-01-09,"Intertextuality reveals the existence of the established relations among different texts. Today this concept is fundamental to understand the Pre-primary student’s Literary Formation, because is the starting point to the formation of literary competence and the activation of the reader intertext by the students. Therefore, an open and flexible analysis of a corpus of intertextual works has been done in order to verify the unyielding relation between the works of the children’s literature and the intertextuality either because in a big degree it is formed by hypertexts either because it can also be a hypotext.","Testuartekotasunak agerian jartzen du testu desberdinen arteko ezarritako loturak. Gaur egun, Kontzeptu hau Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleen formakuntza literarioa ulertzeko oinarrizkoa da literatura gaitasunaren garatzeko nahiz ikasleen intertestu irakurtzailearen aktibatzeko abiapuntua baita. Izan ere, testuartekotasunean oinarritutako lanen corpus azterketa irekia eta malgua burutu da haur literatura eta testuartekotasunaren artean sahiestezina den erlazioa egiaztatzeko, batetik neurri handi batean hipertestuaz osatuta dagoelako eta, bestetik, aldi berean hipotestu bat izan dezakeelako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22266,2012,"Only recently has International Law – i.e., the States – shown interest in victims, and that interest 
has taken the concrete form of a body of international norms with regard to the different categories of victims. Even so, although  terrorism  constitutes  a  grave violation  of  human  rights  and  is  an  international  crime, today, barring the Council of Europe, there is no international norm specifically conceived with the victims of terrorism in mind. This is a void that must be filled, and urgently so, within the UN, as well as the European Union. It is not a difficult task. We simply have to follow the steps laid down by the Council of Europe in its general guidelines on the protection of victims of terrorist acts, adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on March 2, 2005.","Soilik duela gutxi erakutsi du Nazioarteko Zuzenbideak  –hots, estatuek–  biktimekiko  interesa;  
interes hori biktimen kategoriei buruzko nazioarteko arau multzo batean zehaztuta dago. Hala ere, terrorismoa giza eskubideen urradura larria eta nazioarteko krimena izanagatik, gaur egun ez dago terrorismoaren biktimei buruzko nazioarteko araurik, Europako Kontseilua salbu. Beharrezkoa da hutsune hori lehenbailehen betetzea NBEren nahiz Europar Batasunaren arloan. Ez da la erraza. Nahikoa da Europako Kontseiluak ezarritako urratsei jarraitzea, hain zuzen ere, Europako Kontseiluko  Ministro Batzordeak 2005eko martxoaren 2an onartutako ekintza terroristen biktimak babesteari buruzko arauei."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27815,2018-06-29,"The main objective of this project is to characterize high strength aluminium alloys and  optimize the  heat  trea
tments  as  well  as  the existing  Hot  Stamping processes  to  lighten structural body parts for automotive and aeronautic industry. To that end, laminated wrought aluminium alloy sheets will be used with different thicknesses and mainly from two families, AA6xxx and AA7xxx. After they have been mechanized to obtain test pieces, those materials will  be  individually  characterized  in  order  to  determine  the  optimal  parameters  for  their 
subsequent   thermal   treatment.   Once   the   materials   are   characterized   using   industrial furnaces,  simulations,  micrograph  studies  and  tensile,  compression  and  hardness  tests, different  quenching  methods  will  be  studied,  such  as  water  or  press  quenching,  as  well  as studying the influence of the strain rate in the 
W-temper state.","Proiektu   honen   eginkizun   nagusia   erresistentzia   altuko   aluminio   aleazioen karakterizazioa burutzea eta tratamendu termiko zein Hot Stamping prozesuen optimizazioa garatzea   da   aeronautika   eta   automobilgintzako   egitura   piezen   pisu   murrizketarako. Horretarako,  lodiera  ezberdineko  eta  bi  familia  nagusiko  forjaketarako  aluminio  aleaziozko txapak  erabiliko  dira,  AA6xxx  eta  AA7xxx.  Material  horiek  mekanizatu  ostean  entsegu 
probetak   lortzeko   asmoz,   karakterizatu egingo dira   ondorengo   tratamendu   termikoen parametro egokienak
zehazteko.  Behin  karakterizatuta labeen,  simulazioen,  mikrografia ikasketen eta trakzio, konpresio eta gogortasun entseguen laguntzarekin, tenplatzeko modu ezberdinak   aztertuak   izango   dira,   uretan   zein   prentsan   tenplatuz, W-temper egoeran deformazio abiadurak daukan eraginak aztertzeaz gain."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13526,2014-09-30,"In current society, it is more and more common to come across a multicultural environment and diverse cultures. In general, societies are more plural at the global level and currently it is difficult to consider them monolingual or to have only one culture. Even though the realities differ everywhere, societies present more than one culture or language. By means of this PhD dissertation, the linguistic and cultural practices of the students of Bilbao (in Basque, Spanish and any other language) will be analysed. Moreover, we will also analyse use of the Basque language and how the practices of Basque culture are, together with the factors that have an effect on those practices and the steps that will be appropriate in the future regarding both culture and language planning.","Egungo gizarteetan, geroz eta ohikoagoa da, egoera elanitz eta kultur anitzak topatzea. Oro har, mundu mailako ikuspegitik gizarteak gero eta pluralagoak dira eta gaur egun nekeza da elebakartasunaz edo kultur bakartasunez hitz egitea; nahiz eta errealitateak askotarikoak diren, geroz eta gehiago gizarteak ere ele eta kultur anizdunak direlako. Doktorego Tesi honen nahia da, Bilboko ikasleen praktika linguistiko (euskara, espainiera eta beste hizkuntza) eta kulturalak aztertzea da. Zehatzago, euskararen erabilera eta euskal-kultur praktika nolakoak diren aztertu nahi da, eta praktika horietan zein faktorek eragiten duten, baita etorkizunerako hizkuntza eta kultura plangintzarako egokiak izango diren bideak urratzea ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36808,2019-12-12,"Abstract: technology has advanced a lot in recent years, especially renewable energies. There has been a lot of development in the renewable energy sector due to the pollution created by fossil fuels, which has helped to raise awareness within society and improve in the technology. One of the most advanced renewable energies is wind energy.
Wind turbines have improved greatly since its first design, but the real reason to design the mechanical transmission for a 2MW wind turbine is the curiosity and desire to understand how the mechanical transmission increases the speed or kinetic energy of the system to finally became electrical energy. 
IEC 61400 standard has been followed for the design of this mechanical transmission, in order to design each piece and each element of the transmission of the wind turbine in the good way.","Laburpena: gizartearen aurrerapen teknologikoa izugarrizkoa izan da azkeneko urteetan. Aurrerapen horien artean energia berriztagarriak daude. Sektore honen bulkada oso nabaria izan da, erregai fosilen bidezko energiaren kutsadura mailagatik. Energia berriztagarrietako haizearen sektorearen makina edo teknologia ezagunena Aerosorgailu eolikoak dira. 
Denborarekin aerosorgailuen aurrerapena ikaragarri igarri da, eta benetan haizeak aerosorgailuen paletan jotzean, aerosorgailuaren transmisioak haize horrek sortutako mugimendu edo energia zinetikoaren eraldatzeko prozesua ezagutzea (ostean energia zinetiko hori energia elektrikoan bilakatzeko) izan da arrazoi nagusia 2MW-ko potentziadun aerosorgailu baten transmisio mekanikoa diseinatzeko. 
Diseinua burutzeko IEC 61400 araua jarraitu da, modu egokian eta araututako eran proiektu honetan parte hartzen duten pieza guztien diseinua egiteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50170,2021-02-12,"In this work, starting from the origins of the Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, to the execution of autonomy and how it is implemented in the school, several keys will be presented to determine if the Zapatista education proposal can achieve the objective of being liberator. For this purpose, analyses formulated from decolonial and libertarian pedagogies will be put on the table. According to the results obtained, the decolonial current deduces that Zapatista autonomous education is liberator as it breaks with the imposition of hegemonic culture through the developed autonomy; However, the libertarian states that it does not completely fulfil its objective, because the logic of the school which by nature is essential to capitalism, is not fully destroyed.","Lan honetan, Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacionalaren jatorritik, autonomiaren gauzapenetik eta hau eskolan zelan oinarritzen denetik abiatuta, zapatisten hezkuntza proposamenak askatasunerako helburua lor dezakeen ebazteko hainbat gako plazaratuko dira. Horretarako, pedagogia dekolonialetik eta libertariotik eginiko irakurketak mahaigaineratuko dira. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, korronte dekolonialak hezkuntza autonomo zapatista askatzailea dela ondorioztatzen du, kultura hegemonikoaren inposaketarekin apurtzea lortzen baitu garatutako autonomiaren bitartez; libertarioak, ordea, helburu hau ez duela osotasunean erdiesten ebazten du, kapitalismoak berezkoa duen eskolaren logikarekin ez baita guztiz hausten."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28285,2013,"This paper deals with consumption of fruits of Prunus avium/cerasus in northwestern Iberia during
historical period. The carpological remains studied have been obtained from four archaeological sites.
While one of them is a Roman settlement, the remaining three are Medieval sites, two of which
are in an urban context. Our main purpose is to develop an initial hypothesis on forest management
and on ways of perceiving and using fruit trees in this region over that time.","Artikulu honen gaia Iberiar Penintsulako ipar-mendebaldeko Prunus avium/cerasus-en fruituen
kontsumoa da. Aztertu diren aztarna karpologikoak lau aztarnategi arkeologikoetan dute jatorria.
Horietariko bat erromatar garaiko asentamendu bat da eta gainontzeko beste hirurak erdi arokoak
dira, horietariko bi hiri aztarnategiak direlarik. Helburu nagusia garai eta eskualde hauetan basoaren
kudeaketaren eta zuhaitzen fruituak nola jasotzen eta erabiltzen ziren inguruko hasierako hipotesi
bat garatzea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41360,2020-02-20,"ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) are very versatile and fruitful tools for social activities and for the teaching-learning process. On the other hand, reading is one of the most valuable learning for the individual. Our work merges the two themes, reading and ICT, with the aim of analyzing the convenience of using ICT as a resource to promote reading animation in the second cycle of Early Childhood Education. For this purpose, a literature review is carried out in different databases, which show the suitability of using these ICTs for the promotion of reading animation during Early Childhood Education","IKTak (Informazioaren eta Komunikazioaren Teknologiak) oso tresna anitzekoak eta emankorrak dira gizarte jardueretarako eta irakaskuntza-ikaskuntzako prozesuetarako. Bestalde, irakurtzea gizabanakoarentzako ikaskuntza baliotsuena da. Gure lana bi gaiak batzen ditu, irakurketa eta IKTak, IKTak irakurtzeko animazioa sustatzeko baliabide gisa aztertzea helburu haurtzaroaren bigarren zikloan. Horretarako, literatura-berrikuspena datudesberdinenberrikuspen bibliograkioa egiten da, non haurtzaroan zehar irakurketa sustatzeko IKTeen egokitasuna ikusten den."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16191,2015-11-25,"The aim of the Project is to analyze a range of solutions for natural illumination and ventilation in an industrial building, in order to make a comparison among them. When it comes to the selection of the best alternative, the technical advantages and disadvantages of each are considered, together with some external facts, such as the maintenance of the systems.","Proiekto honen helburu nagusia eraikin industrialean argiztapen eta aireztatze naturalen bidez aurkitu daitezkeen soluzio ezberdinak aurkeztea eta haien arteko alderaketa egitea da. Aukera hoberena hautatzerakoan, bakoitzaren abantail eta desabantailez gain, beste alderdi batzuk kontutan hartuko dira, mantentze-lanak, adibidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43098,2020-05-08,"This project defines the design and works necessary to carry out the construction of a new pedestrian walkway with elevator between the Altos Hornos de Bizkaia avenue and Erreketa street in the Urban-Galindo neighborhood, in Barakaldo.
For this, the following documents are presented: Report, Plans, Specification, Budget and Health and Safety Study.
The main objective of the work is to improve traffic between the Urban-Galindo and Rontegi neighborhoods, proposing an efficient and accessible solution for all groups.","Proiektu honek Barakaldoko Altos Hornos de Bizkaia etorbidea eta Erreketa kalearen artean Barakaldoko Urban-Galindo auzoan dagoen igogailua duen oinezkoentzako pasabide berria eraikitzeko beharrezko lanak diseinatu dira.
Horretarako, dokumentu hauek aurkezten dira: Txostena, Planak, Zehaztapenak, Aurrekontua eta Osasun eta Segurtasun Azterketa.
Lanaren helburu nagusia Urban-Galindo eta Rontegi auzoen artean zirkulazioa hobetzea da, talde guztientzako irtenbide eraginkor eta irisgarria proposatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68409,2024-06-12,"In this TFG, the aim is to develop a hydrogen compression system at 200bar and its storage of around 50Kg without a specific specification towards a specific industry, in order to be used in many of them, in a modular way through expansions, either by pumping flow or by storage. In this work, the basic unit of compression and storage will be implemented, based on the most common standards of the industry and prioritizing durability for a heavy industry and taking care of the choice of high-quality materials, thus trying to cause less costs, unscheduled stops and maintenance problems within reason. 
The project is designed to be agnostic with respect to the source of hydrogen and its use. But reasoned assessments will be made with respect to the technologies used, both in this case and in others when justifying the available alternatives.","TFG honetan hidrogenoaren konpresio-sistema bat garatu nahi da 200 bar-etan eta bere biltegiratzea 50Kg ingurukoa, industria zehatz baterako espezifikotasunik gabe, haietako ugaritan erabili ahal izateko, luzapenen bidez modu modular batean, bai ponpaketa bidez, bai biltegiratze bidez. Oinarrizko konpresio eta biltegiratze-unitatea ezarriko da lan honetan, industria estandar ohikoenetan oinarrituta eta industria astun baterako iraunkortasuna lehenetsiz eta kalitate handiko materialen aukeraketa zainduz, horrela kostu gutxiago, programatu gabeko geldialdiak eta mantentze-arazoak arrazoiaren barruan eragin nahian. 
Proiektuak agnostikoa izan nahi du hidrogenoaren iturriari eta horren erabilerari dagokionez. Baina balioespen arrazoituak egingo dira erabilitako teknologiei dagokienez, bai kasu honetan, bai beste batzuetan dauden alternatibak justifikatzerakoan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20040,2016-12-29,"Due to political, economical and social changes during the past decades, the development of linguistic communicative competence has become a necessity in our society. Increasingly, schools are focusing on teaching languages, therefore TIL trilingual teaching projects are becoming even more important as well as projects based on CLIL methodology. Having in mind this situation, this research has been carried out in order to analyze the linguistic project of a state school. Through several surveys, students, teachers and families opinions and experiences have been collected with two aims. On the one hand, the surveys would let know the real situation about the project taking place at school and, on the other hand, the results will show the opinion about the key elements and achievements of the school program.","Azken hamarkadetan gertatutako aldaketa politiko, ekonomiko eta sozialen eraginez, hizkuntza-komunikaziorako gaitasuna garatzea ezinbestekoa bihurtu da gure gizartean. Eskolek gero eta garrantzia handiagoa ematen diote hizkuntzen irakaskuntzari eta horren ondorioz, hirueledun proiektuak jartzen dituzte martxan HTBen bidez edota CLIL metodologian oinarrituta. Hori guztia kontuan hartuz, lan honetan ikerketa bat garatu da eskola publiko baten hizkuntza proiektuaren eraginkortasuna aztertzeko. Horretarako, ikasleen, irakasleen eta gurasoen iritziak eta esperientziak galdetegi batzuen bitartez batu dira: alde batetik, haien egoera erreala (proiektuari dagokionez) ezagutzeko asmoz, eta bestetik, eskolak prestatu duen hirueledun proiektuaren gakoak eta lorpenak zeintzuk diren jakiteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25124,2004,"At European level and in the different countries from the European Union several documents about prevention against the “sects” have been elaborated. At the same time, the observance of the different beliefs forces to act with extreme caution to avoid that the excessive controls represses the fundamental rights exercise. Thus, the obtaining of the legal personality is analyzed, centring in the special regime, of the religious confessions, to obtain a legal personality, analyzing the jurisprudence on the matter.","Europar mailan eta Europar Batasuneko hainbat herrialdetan, sekten aurkako hainbat dokumentu egin dira. Era berean, sinesmen ezberdinen aldeko errespetuak, kontu handiarekin aritzera behartzen gaitu, kontrol sakonek bestela oinarrizko eskubideak mugatzen bait dituzte. Konfesio erlijiosoek pertsonalitate juridikoa nola lortzen duten aztertzen da, horri buruz dagoen jurisprudentzia azalduz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62797,2023-10-10,"in terms of architecture, performance and applications. These advances have boosted the field of computer vision and have led to improvements in a variety of tasks,such as object recognition, image classification, anomaly detection and semantic segmentation.
Improved architecture, advances in the development of techniques that benefit learning and increased computational capacity have enabled the creation of deeper neural networks (VGG or ResNet), and have demonstrated better performance in image classification. However, the quality of the data used for training a neural network must exhibit the utmost quality to obtain the best results. The quality of the data will be determined by the information that it can feed to the network.
In this work, a convolutional neural network will be trained using photos of a wall obtained using a camera placed on the arm of a robot (Kuka LBR iiwa 7 R800).
The wall will have different elements, and the results of this training will provide information about the areas of greatest interest to the neural","Azken urteotan, Sare Neuronal Konboluzionalak (CNN) aurrerapen handia izandute arkitekturari, errendimenduari eta aplikazioei dagokienez. Aurrerapen hauek ordenagailu bidezko ikusmenaren eremua bultzatu dute eta hainbat zereginetanhobekuntzak ekarri dituzte, hala nola, objektuen ezagupena, irudien sailkapena,anomaliak hautematea eta segmentazio semantikoa.
Arkitekturaren hobekuntzak, ikaskuntza mesedegarri duten tekniken garapenean
izandako aurrerapenak eta konputazio-ahalmena handitzeak sare neuronal sakonagoak
(VGG edo ResNet) sortzea ahalbidetu dute, eta irudien sailkapenean errendimendu
hobea erakutsi dute. Hala ere, neurona-sare bat entrenatzeko erabiltzen
diren datuen kalitateak ahalik eta kalitaterik handiena izan behar du emaitza hobeak
lortzeko. Datuen kalitatea sareari eman liezaiokeen informazioaren araberakoa
izango da.
Lan honetan, sare neuronal konboluzional bat lantzen da errobot baten (Kuka LBR
iiwa 7 R800) izkinean kokatutako kamerak lortutako horma baten argazkiak erabiliz.
Hormak elementu desberdinak izango ditu, eta prestakuntza horren emaitzek sare
neuronalerako interes handiena duten arloei buruzko informazioa emango dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41352,2020-02-20,"The present TFG is based on a reflection of the lack of expression in the use of the Basque language. In the search for contributions that the educational world can carry out in this field, phraseology is presented as a resource to be taken into account. It is noted that the incorporation of phraseology in education / teaching is a very little developed field in the educational curricula. Thus, some simple steps are proposed in the exploration of the different sources of phraseological content with which expressivity works in an entertaining way, with the help of the world of comics and stories. Finally, in view of the enriching contribution that phraseology can make to the educational world and the deficiencies in that field, the educational system is urged to incorporate in a broader way the contributions of phraseology.","Euskararen erabileran adierazkortasunaren aldetik nabaritzen diren gabezien inguruko hausnarketa da GRAL honen abiaburua. Arazo horri hezkuntzaren ikuspegitik erantzuteko tresnen bila, fraseologiak eskaini ditzakeen baliabideak aztertzen dira. Agerian jartzen da fraseologiaren eta hezkuntza/irakaskuntzaren arteko uztardura gutxi landutako arloa dela hezkuntza-curriculumetan. Unitate fraseologikoen bildumetan eta iturrietan arakatzean oinarritutako urrats erraz batzuk proposatzen dira adierazkortasuna eta bizitasuna lantzeko, era jolasgarrian, komiki eta ipuinen munduarekin uztartuta. Azkenik, fraseologiak hezkuntzan ekarpen aberatsa izan dezakeela ondorioztatzen da, baita arlo horretan gabezia dagoela ere. Horri erreparatuta, ekimena eskatzen zaio hezkuntza-sistemari, fraseologiaren ekarpena era zabalagoan barneratu dezan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29383,2018-10-30,"Both population growth and increasing standards of living for many people in developing countries will cause strong growth in energy demand. Furthermore, most of the exploited energy sources are fossil fuels: polluting and nonrenewable sources. Thus, it seems clear at this point that traditional methods of generating electricity are unsustainable, and that new energy sources must be found. Vast and reliable, wave power has long been considered as one of the most promising renewable energy sources. Wave Energy Converters (WECs) convert wave power into electricity. The main objective of the present work is to make a computational evaluation of a sparbuoy WEC (RM3) by means of a simulator called WEC-Sim. In order to obtain the performance of the device a power matrix, characteristic for the chosen area (BiMEP), is generated.","Biztanleriaren hazkundearen eta garapen bidean dauden herrialdeetako biztanleen bizimoduaren hobekuntzaren ondorioz energia eskaera hadituko da. Gainera, erabiltzen diren energia-iturri gehienak erregai fosilak dira: iturri kutsatzaileak eta berriztaezinak. Hori dela-eta, elektrizitatea sortzeko metodo berriak aurkitu behar dira. Olatuen energia, zabala eta agortezina, aspalditik energia iturri berriztagarrienetariko bat izan da. WEC gailuak olatuen energia elektrizitate bihurtze dute. Lan honen helburu nagusia RM3 gailuaren ebaluazio konputazionala egitea da, WEC-Sim izeneko simulagailua erabiliz. Honen errendimendua lortzeko, matrize elektriko bat sortuko da, hautatutako eremuaren ezaugarriaren arabera (BiMEP)."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19572,2016-11-22,"This document studies the integration of standardized management systems, deepening for it on the three most widely deployed systems between companies, Quality Management Systems, Environmental Management Systems, and Occupational Health and Safety Management Systems.
With this objective, firstly it has carried out a literature review of the aforementioned systems, studying the benefits, the difficulties they present, the existing rules and the integration process itself, among others. This study of the theoretical framework has been complemented with the Case Study on Integration Process Management Systems carried out by Befesa Aluminio, company dedicated to the recycling, recovery and revaluation of the different kinds of residue that are produced by the aluminium industry. In this study different aspects of the integration process are discussed, as reasons to carry it out or the results it has provided among others.
With the conclusions extracted it intends get to know better the integration process of standardized management systems guiding and helping those organizations that have not yet taken this path.","Lan honetan kudeaketa sistema normalizatuen integrazioa aztertzen da, horretarako enpresetan gehien erabiltzen diren sistema estandarizatuak sakon ikertzen dira, Kalitatearekin, Ingurumenarekin eta Laneko Segurtasun eta Osasunarekin erlazionaturiko kudeaketa sistemak hain zuzen ere.
Lehenik eta behin kudeaketa sistema estandarizatuen berrikuspen bibliografikoa egin da hauen abantailak, oztopoak, indarrean dagoen araudia eta integratzeko erabili daitekeen prozesua aztertuz. Ondoren, lanak alde praktikoa izan dezan, Befesa Aluminio enpresaren kasua aurkezten da. Enpresa honen zeregina aluminio industriaren hondakinak birziklatzea, berreskuratzea eta balioztatzea da. Kasuan integrazio prozesuaren hainbat aspektu ikertzen dira, esate baterako, kudeaketa sistema integratua aurrera eramateko erabakiaren arrazoia eta lortutako emaitzak.
Ikerketan honen bitartez lorturiko emaitzen helburua kudeaketa sistemen integrazio prozesua argitzea da eta honela prozesu hau aurrera eraman nahi duten enpresentzat laguntza bat izatea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29489,2018-10-31,"The demands of everyday life, especially in urban environments, require the continued use of psychological resources for issues such as information, management or motivational tasks and emotions. As a consequence, we often experience mental fatigue, boredom, stress and irritability, which lead to decreased effectiveness and well-being.
In Environmental Psychology it was discovered that contact with some spaces helps the recovery of faculties impaired by daily activity, restoring them. Empirical evidence shows that contact with certain natural spaces significantly decreases stress levels, negative emotions and regains attention capacity.
However, there is a chance that some urban spaces, due to their specific aesthetic, can also contribute to the restoration and well-being of people.
Therefore, we intend to create the Restorative City: an environment that, combining a mobile application and a web application, allows measuring the restorative capacity of an urban space.","Eguneroko bizitzaren eskakizunek baliabide psikologikoak etengabe erabiltzea eskatzen dute, esate baterako, informazioa prozesatzea, zereginak kudeatzea edo motibazioa eta emozioak kudeatzea, batez ere hiriguneetan. Ondorioz, adimen-nekea, asperdura, estresa eta suminkortasuna sortzen zaizkigu, eraginkortasuna eta ongizatea murriztuz.
Ingurumen Psikologian espazio jakin batzuekin kontaktuan izateak egunean eguneko jarduerek kaltetutako faktore horiek berreskuratzen laguntzen dutela aurkitu zen. Ebidentzia enpirikoak ingurune natural batzuekin kontaktuan egoteak estres maila eta emozio negatiboak nabarmenki murrizten dituela eta arreta gaitasuna berreskuratzen duela erakusten du.
Alabaina, posible da hiri-espazio jakin batzuk, estetika espezifikoa dutelako, berreskuratzeko balio izatea eta, era berean, pertsonen ongizaterako.
Horregatik, Restorative City sortu nahi da: mugikor aplikazio bat eta web aplikazio bat konbinatuz hiri ingurune baten berreskuratze ahalmena ahalbidetzeko aukera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16321,2015-12-03,"In this Final Project Grade is presented the analysis of performance
of SINAMICS G120 inverter. The drive has been controlled by the control
software TIA Portal, with which tests have been made in the vector control of
speed and torque.","Dokumentu honetan frekuentzian aldakorra den SINAMICS
G120ren ezaugarrien analisia azaltzen da. Motorea TIA Portal softwarearen
bidez kontrolatu izan da. Honen bitartez, abiaduraren control bektorialaren
eta torkearen frogak egin dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31477,2019-02-11,"Children’s theatre is an educational tool that can be present in the classrooms of Early Childhood education. The present work collects the teachers’ opinion about this tool, as well as that of members belonging to the theatrical field. It also presents a guide to guide teacher in the implementation of the theatre in the classroom. All of this is done with the aim of reflecting on the importance of the theatre as a pedagogical tool in the classroom of Early Childhood Education and promote its use.","Haurren antzerkia Haur Hezkuntza-ikasgeletan erabil daitekeen erreminta pedagogikoa da. Lan honetan jasotzen da erreminta honen gaineko irakasleen, baita antzerki- eremukoak diren iritzia ere. Gainera, gidaliburu bat dago irakasleak ikasgelako antzerkiaren erabileran orientatzeko. Hau guztia, Haur Hezkuntza ikasgelako erreminta pedagogiko bezala antzerkiaren garrantziaren gainean hausnartzeko eta bere erabilera bultzatzeko helburuarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25515,1996,"The important cultural change in relation to the informed consent of patients with psychiatric disorders is highlighted. This is considered as a communication and information process between sanitary professionals and the treated person, to promote an explicit and autonomous decision of the patient about a specific intervention about which he considers risks, advantages and alternatives.","Artikulu honetan azpimarratzen da adierazitako baimena gaixotasun psikiatrikoak dituzten gaixoengan garrantzizko aldaketa kulturala izan dela, profesional sanitarioa eta gaixoaren arteko komunikazio eta informaziozko prozesu bat kontsideratuz, gaixoaren erabaki garbi eta autonomoa bultzatzeko jardun zehatz bati buruz, zeinean arrisky, onura eta aukerak neurtu dituen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14407,2015-02-13,"The aim of this project is to develop a software tool to measure the efficiency of the networks using 4G technology, also known as LTE, through the development of a software system which includes a mobile application and an application server. The main function of the system as a whole is to collect different types of quality indicators from the mobile network that are later processed through math software tools with the aim of getting graphs and maps, which allow the analysis of the situation and the efficiency of an specific network. The development of the software has reached the prototype level and real tests have obtained positive results.","Proiektu honen helburua 4G teknologia mugikorra erabiltzen duten sareen errendimendua neurtu dezakeen software tresna garatzea izan da, LTE izenarekin ere ezagutzen dena. Horretarako, aplikazio mugikor batez eta aplikazioen zerbitzari batez osatutako software sistema bat sortu da. Sistema honen xedea sare mugikorraren kalitatearen adierazleak batzea da, gero neurri horiek software matematikoen bidez izango direlarik, 4G sare jakin baten egoera eta errendimendua aztertzeko grafikoak eta mapak lortzeko. Softwarearen garapena prototipo mailan dago, eta sistema honekin egin diren frogek erantzun egokiak eman dituzte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25470,1998,"Family Group Conferences and Sentencing Circles are criminal conflict solving systems.
Although they originated in New Zealand and North American ethnic groups, these systems are getting progressively
used as alternative measures to the traditional justice in several western countries.
The success of the evaluation in terms of diminishing recidivism let us confirm these models are promising
alternatives in Restorative Justice parradigm.","Famili Taldeen Konferentziak eta Epai Zirkularrak eremu penalean gatazkak erabakitzeko sistema
bi dira. Horien jatorria Zeelanda Berria eta Iparramerikako talde etnikoetan kokatzen dela, arian-arian
mendebaldeko zenbait herrialdetan sartuz doaz, ohizko justizia-sistemaren alternatiba gisa.
Berauen inplementazioan, berrerortzeari dagokionez ebaluaketek ezagutarazten duten arrakastak justizia
errestauratzailearen paradigman esperantzazko etorkizuna eskaintzen duten eredu biren aurrean gaudela adieraztera
eramaten du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73243,2025-05-07,"Community work is an essential tool in the work of social educator due to its high pedagogical function. In the following lines we will explain an educational project which aims to collectivize the model of private housing we have today. This project, in addition to guaranteeing the right to housing for the inhabitants of Galdakao, aims at community development. In the way to make this possible , and to ensure the needs of groups in residential exclusion, the project will be developed within the framework of the 2024-2028 strategy to fight for the homelessness.","Komunitate lanak gizarte hezkuntzako tresna ezinbestekoa dira duten funtzio pedagogikoagatik. Ondorengo lerroetan, espazio pribatu gisa irudikatzen dugun etxebizitza eredua kolektibizatzeko proposamen hezitzaile bat aurkezten da. Proposamen berritzaile honek, Galdakaoko herritarren etxebizitza eskubidea bermatzeaz gain, komunitatearen garapena bultzatzea du helburutzat. Etxebizitza bazterkeria pairatzeko arrisku berezian dauden kolektiboen beharrak ase daitezen, 2024-2028 etxebizitza bazterkeriari aurre egiteko euskal estrategiaren ildoan kokatzen delarik lana."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23064,2017-09,"This end-of-degree paper aims to solve, which technology is most suitable for the wireless communications service that is to be implemented in vehicles, through the analysis of several alternatives. This document intends to show the scope of vehicular wireless communications systems, to collect the current situation in which these systems are found and to reflect, ultimately, the suitability of one or another technology in each case. In order to do so, different scenarios, use cases and the technical characteristics that the various technologies that can be used, will be evaluated, as well as the future potential of each one.","Gradu bukaerako lan honetan, ibilgailuetan inplementatu nahi den komunikazio harigabeko zerbitzura zein teknologia egokitzen den geihago ebatzi nahi da, alternatiba ezberdineko analisiaren bidez. Dokumentu honek, ibilgailuen komunikazio harigabeko sistemen irismena erakutsi nahi du, aipaturiko sistemen gaurko egoera jaso eta azken batean, suposizio bakoitzean teknologia baten edo beste baten egokitasuna islatu nahi du. Horretarako, agertoki desberdinak, erabilera kasuak eta teknologia desberdinek eskaintzen dituzten ezaugarri teknikoak balioetsiko dira, baita teknologia bakoitzeko etorkizuneko potentziala ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73361,2025-05-07,"This work is based on the importance of children's literature for visually impaired students, for
whom adapted reading is necessary. Specifically, the objectives of this research are twofold. On the
one hand, the aim is to analyse the accessibility of children's books for the visually impaired in the
municipal libraries of Vitoria-Gasteiz, and on the other, the suitability of these books. A total of
fifteen books were studied. With regard to the results obtained, it should be noted that there is
great variability in the number of copies available among the books and in the frequency of loans.
Furthermore, it was difficult to find books with additional elements such as smells or sounds, as
well as the scarcity of books in Braille. Most of these books aim to raise awareness of visual
impairment, but they also show stereotyped images. It can therefore be concluded that this type of
literature deserves greater visibility through the establishment of projects that facilitate access to
educational settings, schools and university institutions. Moreover, it benefits not only children with
visual impairment, but also readers who want to explore this topic. There is a need to create a
space for immersion in these treasures of wisdom, both on an educational and personal level.","Lan hau haur literaturak ikusmen-desgaitasuna duten ikasleentzat duen garrantzian oinarritzen da, ikasle hauentzat beharrezkoa delako irakurketa egokitua eskura izatea. Zehazki, ikerketa honen helburuak bi dira. Alde batetik Gasteizko udal-liburutegietan ikusmen-desgaitasuna duten haurrentzako liburuen irisgarritasuna, eta bestetik, liburu horien egokitasuna aztertzea da. Guztira, aurkitutako hamabost liburuen azterketa aurrera eraman da. Lortutako emaitzei dagokionez, aipatu beharra dago aldakortasun handia ikusten dela liburuen artean eskuragarri dauden aleen kopuruari eta maileguen maiztasunari dagokionez. Gainera, elementu gehigarriak (usainak edo soinuak) dituzten liburuak aurkitzea zaila dela egiaztatu da, baita braillezko liburuen eskasia ere. Liburu horietako gehienek ikusmen-desgaitasunari buruz sentsibilizatzea dute helburu, baina irudi estereotipatuak ere badaudela erakusten dute. Beraz, ondorioztatu daiteke literatura mota horrek ikusgarritasun handiagoa merezi duela hezkuntza-inguruneetan, ikastetxeetan eta unibertsitate-erakundeetan sartzea erraztuko duten proiektuak ezarriz. Gainera, ikusmen-desgaitasuna duten haurrei ez ezik, gai hori aztertu nahi duten irakurleei ere mesede egiten die. Jakinduria-altxor horietan murgiltzeko espazio bat sortzeko beharra ikusten da, bai hezkuntza mailan, bai maila pertsonalean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55060,2022-01-18,"Students tend to use internet for different types of activities depending on their interests, including listening to music, watching videos and communicating via social networks. The aim of this innovative project was to find out how pupils at a one school in Vizcaya 
use internet in their leisure time. For this purpose, a descriptive quantitative research study was carried out with 54 students in the fifth and sixth grade of Primary Education in order to diagnose the use of internet, smartphone, social networks and video games. The results 
showed that students mainly play video games and, to a lesser extent, connect to social networks. Afterwards, a website was designed and developed with the aim of making the educational community aware of the main characteristics of the video games played by the students. Finally, a validation process was started with the school's management team about the digital resource created.","Ikasleek interneten ekintza desberdinak egiteko joera dute haien interesen arabera, musika entzutea, bideoak ikustea eta ser sozialen bidez komunikatzea nabarmenduz.Proiektu berritzailearen xedea Bizkaiko eskola publiko bateko ikasleriak aisialdian egiten duen interneten erabilera aztertzea izan zen. Horretarako, Lehen Hezkuntzako bosgarren eta seigarren mailako 54 ikaseekin internet, smartphone, sare sozial eta bideojokoen erabilera diagnostikatzeko izaera deskriptiboko ikerketa kuantitatiboa burutu zen. Jasotako emaitzek agerian utzi zuten ikasleria nagusiki bideojokoetan aritzen dela eta neurri txikiago batean, sare sozialetan. Ondoren, hezkuntza-elkarteak ikasleek jolasten dituzten bideojokoen ezaugarri nagusiak ezagutzeko webgune bat diseinatu eta garatu zen. Azkenik, zentroko zuzendaritza taldearekin sortutako baliabide digitalaren balidazio 
prozesua hasi zen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21380,,"Paper that intends to analyze the contributions of some of the most important authors of the modernist school of studies on nations and nationalism. It analyzes a variety of works by Ernest Gellner, Benedict Anderson, Eric Hobsbawm and John Breuilly, and tries to explain the difficulties these authors have faced while conceptualizing the nation and the nationalism, the explanations this authors provide about their precedents, origins and circumstances of appearance.","Lan honek eskola modernoko autorrerik nabarmenen nazioaren eta nazionalismoen inguruko ekarpenak aztertzen ditu. Ernest Gellner, Benedict Anderson, Eric Hobsbawm eta John Breuilly-ren aparteko obren multzoa aztertzen da. Nazioaren eta nazionalismoaren kontzeptualizazioari aurre egiteko aipatutako autoreek izandako problematika azaltzen saiatuz, aurrekarien inguruko informazioa argitu eta jatorri eta haien agerpenaren irizpideak jasotzen ditu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26120,1992,"it is explained the influence of Wundt upon José Miguel de Berandiarán that decide him to study the culture of his own people, that is to say, the basque culture","textoan azaltzen da, Barandiaran jaunaren bizibidean, Wundten eragina, egiri zuenak, ikasteko bere herriaren kultura, zera, Euskal Kultura"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20091,2017-01-09,"Children´s and Young adults´ Literature, as the main agent of socialization, reproduces cultural archetypes, habits, behaviors and stereotypes that exist if every society. From the critic made to this Literature, especially about the sexism in their works, a raising awareness has appeared to fight against these stereotypes. Through an analysis and classification of an established corpus, it will be verified is those stereotypes continue prevailing in children´s books and how Children´s and Young adults´ Literature tries to confront them.","Haur eta Gazte Literaturak, sozializazio eragile nagusi bezala, gizarte guztietan dauden kultura arketipoak, ohiturak, jarrerak eta estereotipoak errepikatzen ditu. Literatura honi egin zaion kritikaz gero, batez ere bere obretan nabarmentzen den sexismoari buruz, estereotipoen kontra borrokatzeko kontzientziazioa sortu da. Ezarritako corpus baten analisia eta sailkapenaren bitartez, estereotipo hauek haurrentzako obretan indarrean jarraitzen badute egiaztatuko da baita ere Haur eta Gazte Literaturak nola egiten dion aurre ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25286,2000,"The spanish penal Code of 1995 introduces a specific Title that gathers the crimes against workers rights, which supposes the overcoming of the dispersed regulation existing till then. Starting from this premise, a doctrinal and juriprudential analysis of the criminal figures included in the Title XV of the spanish penal Code is realized, making a careful study of the article 314, in which genesis we find the international commitments acquired.","1995-eko Kode penalak langileen eskubideen aurkako delituak tipifikatzen dituen titulo berezi bat ezartzen du, ordurarte izandako regulazio barreiatua garatuz. Premisa honetatik abiatuta Kode penaleko XV. Tituluan azaltzen diren delituen analisi doktrinal eta jurisprudentzial bat egiten da, batipat nazioartean hartutako konpromezuak azaltzen diren 314. artikulua sakonago aztertuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16493,2015-12-16,"This End of Grade Work consists on the design of a graphical tool for the development of the laboratory practices based on the processing of electrocardiographic signal (ECG) for the Biomedical Signal Processing subject. The project will be based on the application of the tool for three different laboratory practices based on ECG, each of which will have different objectives and processing techniques. The main objective is that both, teachers and students, will be able to work with the ECG signal, analyze its main characteristics and understand different techniques or typical processing algorithm of this area.","Gradu Bukaerako Lan honetan, Seinale Biomedikoen Prozesaketa ikasgaian erabiliko diren seinale elektrografiakoetan oinarrituriko laborategirako praktiketarako tresna grafikoak garatuko dira. GBLa ECG seinaleetan oinarrituriko laborategirako hiru tresna ezberdinen garapenean oinarrituko da, bakoitzak helburu eta prozesaketa teknika ezberdinak izanik. Azken helburua, irakasleek eta ikasleek tresna honetaz baliatuz, ECG seinaleekin lan egiteko, bere ezaugarri nagusiak aztertzeko eta prozesaketa teknika edo prozesaketarako algoritmo ezberdinak ulertzeko gai izatera heltzea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26329,1988,The growing interest in Victimology expresses the more and more concern about the victim problem detected in Criminal Law and Criminology. This text goes through its most outstanding milestones and presents some suggestions and critical considerations.,"Zenbat eta Biktimologiaren aldetiko interesa handituz doan hainbat eta ardura handiago hartzen dute Zuzenbide Penalak eta Kriminologiak biktimaren problematikaz. Testuak mugurririk gorenenak aipatzen ditu, gomendio eta gogoan hartzekoak emanik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41368,2020-02-20,"Working in favour of parity between men and women is a challenge for our society and the school system. Therefore, the aim of this work is to create a tool for schools, which will be useful to identify weaknesses and strengths in coeducation. To implement it, a document from another autonomous community has been translated, been modified taking into account the context, putting it into practice in a school, with the aim of verifying its usefulness. That is, several aspects of intervention in a school were defined and analysed one by one. Referring to the results obtained, these have been positive because it has been possible to reflect the situation of the school. In conclusion, it has been an instrument that serves for a concrete self-evaluation because it allows to identify its weaknesses quickly.","Emakume eta gizonen arteko parekidetasuna lantzea gizarte osoaren erronka da, baita eskolarena ere. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburua eskolentzat  tresna bat sortzea izan da, non hezkidetza gaian dituzten ahultasun eta indarguneak identifikatzeko baliagarria izango den. Berau burutzeko, beste erkidego batean topaturiko tresnaren itzulpen eta gure testuingurura begirako moldaketa bat burutu zen. Ostean, eskola batean praktikan jarri zen, berauen baliagarritasuna frogatzeko. Zehatzago esateko, eskolan topa daitezkeen hainbat esku-hartzeko alorrak zehaztu ziren eta berauen azterketa egin zen. Emaitzei dagokienean, positiboak izan dira eskolak hainbat alorretan zuen egoera islatu delarik eta ondorio modura, zentroentzat autoebaluaziorako tresna zehatza izan da, ahultasuna zuzenean identifikatzeko aukera eskaintzen duelarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25550,1996,A brief overview over some data from the Mental Health Center in Zumárraga during the period 1992/95 regarding psychiatric admissions serves as introduction to revise the applicable regulations in the Basque Service of Health Centers.,Ospitalizazio psikiatrikoei buruz 1992/95 aldian Zumarragako Buruko Osasunezko Zentruan sortutako datu batzuen zehar ibilbide labur batek hitzaurre moduan balio digu Osakidetzako Zentruetan gai honi buruzko aplikaziozko araudia berrikasteko.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72340,2024-06-28,"The question of the criminal responsibility of minors has been, is and will continue to be a
matter of debate. The new paradigm established through the current Penal Code and the Law on
Minors provided a response to debates that had been going on historically, but at the same time
created new ones to which a response had to be given. Thus, this study focuses on resolving the nature
of this new system, studying its foundations and resolving whether or not a denaturalising
phenomenon exists. At the same time, and with a view to the future, the most recent contributions
made by the new sciences in relation to the so-called ""young people"" are collected, meditating on how
these contributions fit into the system and resolving the limitations of this researches.","Adingabearen erantzukizun penala eztabaidagai izan da, da eta jarraituko du izaten. Indarrean
dagoen Zigor Kodearen eta Adingabearen Legearen bidez ezarritako paradigma berritzaileak
historikoki gertatzen ari ziren eztabaidei erantzun eman zien, baina, aldi berean, berriak sortu zituzten.
Horrela, azterketa honek, sistema berri honen izaerari buruz ebaztean zentratzen da, bere oinarritzea
aztertuz eta sistema desnaturalizatzen duen fenomeno bat dagoen ala ez erantzuten. Era berean,
etorkizunari begira, zientzia berriek ""gazte"" deiturikoei buruz egiten dituzten ekarpen berrienak
biltzen dira, ekarpen horiek sisteman nola txertatzen diren hausnartuz eta ikerketa horien mugak
azalduz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16296,2015-12-02,"A secondary product with an extra fixation in trocar format for percutaneous operations directed by image systems has been designed in this work. This instrument, which didn´t exist in the market up to now, will act us a tunnel, allowing the introduction of radio frequency and biopsy needles through it. The particularity of this product is the design of the fastening system, which will ensure the surgeon that the place to operate on will be the same all through the operation. This design has been made after having performed a thorough study of the existent alternatives of both the fixation systems in the field of oncologic medicine and the industrial sector. Bedsides the material of each element of the product is the detailed based on the corresponding health standards, the most adequate process for the making of such elements is also explained and finally a simple calculation of the needle buckling, which will guarantee the best use of the instrument, is carried out.","Lan honetan irudi sistema zuzendutako operazio perkutaneetarako bigarren mailako produktu bat obsesio estrarekin trokar formakoa diseinatu da. Orain arte merkatuan ez zegoen instrumenturik, gaur egun tresna honek tunel bezala jokatuko du irratimaiztasun eta biopsia orratzen sarrera bere barnetik baimenduz. Produktu honen berezitasuna loturako sistemaren diseinua da, lan puntua operazio guztian zehar bera izan dadila kirurgialariari bermatuko dioneko. Diseinu hau obsesio dauden alternatibak sendagai onkologiko alorrean eta industria sektorean ikerketa sakontasunean egin ondoren egin da. Gainera produktuaren elementu bakoitzeko materiala eta prozezua zehazten da osasun-arau egokia ezagututa, eta azkenik orratzaren pandeo-aren kalkulu soila, tresnaren erabilera hobeezina bermatzen duena, egiten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19488,2016-11-07,"The purpose of this project is to validate experimentally the linear position of the axes of the hexapod. Furthermore, another aim of this project is to program a path generator of speed and acceleration profiles. Thus, the hexapod generates the desired path when it moves from one point to another with the specified kinematic conditions. Finally, it will find the maximum values of acceleration and jerk with which the manipulator will be able to work. This project comes as a response to familiarize with this machine of 6 degrees of freedom.","Proiektu honen bitartez hexapodo baten garapena lortu nahi da. Alde batetik, bere ardatzaren posizio linealari buruzko azterketa bat egingo da, izan ere, robot honen ezaugarri garrantzitsuenetariko bat zehaztasuna da. Abiadura eta azelerazio perfil ezberdinak dituen ibilbide sortzailea programatuko da. Hexapodoak programa hau erabiltzeko aukera dauka, modu honetan, nahi den ibilbidea egingo du puntu batetik beste puntu batera joatean, guzti hau nahi diren zinematika baldintzetan. Azkenik, manipulatzaile honek lan egin ahal dituen azelerazio eta jerk-aren balore maximoak aurkituko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67735,2024-05-08,"In this final degree project, together with the topic of oral language in Early Childhood Education, the teacher will be placed at the center of the research. The strategies used by the teacher for the development of the oral expression of the students will be observed and their suitability to contribute to the process of language acquisition will be reflected upon. For this purpose, different situations in a 4 year old infant education classroom have been recorded and an analysis of them has been made after the transcription of the interaction. Among the strategies most used by teachers to promote children's oral expression are closed and open questions, reformulations or affective scaffolding. Finally, taking into account the characteristics of the classroom observed, a reflection on the teachers' work has been carried out.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, Haur Hezkuntzako ahozko hizkuntzaren inguruan aritzearekin batera, irakaslea jarriko da ikerketaren erdigunean. Irakasleak ikasleen ahozko adierazpena garatzeko erabiltzen dituen estrategiak behatuko dira eta estrategia horiek hizkuntzaren jabekuntza prozesuan laguntzeko egokiak diren hausnartuko da. Horretarako, HHko 4 urteko gela bateko egoera ezberdinak grabatu dira eta elkarrekintzaren transkribapena egin ondoren, horien azterketa egin da. Irakasleak haurren ahozko adierazpena sustatzeko gehien erabiltzen dituen estrategien artean daude galdera itxiak eta irekiak, birformulazioak edota aldaimiaia afektiboa. Azkenik, behatutako gelaren bereizgarriak kontuan izanda, irakasleon lanari buruzko hausnarketa burutu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25546,1996,"People is need of psychiatric treatment must be treated with highest dignity, that is why involuntary admission for therapeutical reasons should have restricted character and its length must be minimized as much as possible. The contribution to human rights protection requires the observance of deontological professional rules and the collaboration with provided instruments of constitutional guarantee.","Tratamendu psikiatriko baten premia duten pertsonak duintasun haundiz zainduak izan behar dira. Beraz, arrazoi terapeutikoengatik gogoz kontrako ospitalizazioak izaera mugatua izan behar du eta bere iraupena ezin-besteko gutxiena izango da. Giza Zuzenbideak gordetzeko laguntzak lanbidearen norma deontologikoen oharmena eta aurrez ikusitako konstituzional berme tresneekin elkar-laguntza eskatzen ditu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34825,2019-07-26,"Energy audits are a very useful tool to identify the factors that have a direct influence on energy consumption and the energy saving possibilities that companies have at their disposal. Also, the implementation of an energy management system allows the creation of the necessary procedures for improving energy efficiency in an organization. In this project, an energy audit and an analysis of the implementation of the energy management system according to the international standard ISO 50001:2018 will be carried out in an office building in Bilbao.","Kontu-ikuskaritza energetikoak funtsezko tresnak dira enpresetako energia-kontsumoan eragiten duten faktoreak identifikatzeko eta garrantzia duten aurrezpen energetikoaren proposapenak azaltzeko. Halaber, energiaren kudeaketa sistemaren ezarpenak beharrezkoak diren prozeduren sorrera dakar, erakundearen energia-eraginkortasuna hobetuz. Proiektu honetan kontu-ikuskaritza energetikoa eta 50001:2018 ISO-an oinarritzen den energiaren kudeaketa sistema ezarpenaren analisia egingo da Bilboko bulego eraikin baterako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26223,1991,"Social Psychiatry and Criminology have introduced new perspectives on narcotraffic, and this one is itself changing radically many statements of the ethic standards everywhere. These pages study the influence of transntional religions in the theory and praxis of the cultural and legal rules that frame and/or sanction certain behaviors of drug addicts, specially the young ones.","Gizarte-Psikiatriak eta Kriminologiak narkotrafikoari buruzko ikuspegi berriak landatu dituzte, eta hori, halaber, etika-arauen oinarriak erabat aldatzen ari da mundu osoan. Orrialde hauek kultur eta legezko arauen teoria eta egintzan nazio’arunzko arlijioen eragina aztertzen dute; eredu horiek drogazaleen ohitura batzuk, gazteenak bereziki, mugatu eta/edo baztertu eta/edo zigortzen dituzte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36552,2019-11-27,"ENGLISH
Machining processes are very important in today´s industry, as they are used for the manufacturing of parts with very diverse characteristics and made of different materials. This project will analyze the manufacturing process of a workpiece in a lathe machine. A chess piece (the queen) will be used as an example, and, after fixing its dimensions and material, the steps to write the process instruction sheet will be explained. This script will define the different phases and conditions of the machining process. Before writing this document, the sequence of the different operations has to be defined, as well as the adequate tools, cutting parameters and the machine tool. In addition to that, and as nowadays almost every machine tool works with a numerical control, the whole process will be programmed and explained in this kind of simulator.","EUSKERA
Txirbil-harroketa bidezko mekanizazio prozesuek garrantzi handia dute gaur egungo industrian, hainbat material zein ezaugarri ezberdinetako piezen fabrikazioa ahalbidetzen baitute. Lan honetan tornu batean egindako pieza baten fabrikazio prozesua aztertuko da. Horretarako, xake pieza bat (erregina) hartuko da eredutzat eta, bere ezaugarri geometriko zein materialak finkatu ostean, prozesu orriaren idazketara arte jarraitu beharreko pausuak azalduko dira. Dokumentu honek mekanizazioaren pausuak eta baldintzak definituko ditu. Dokumentu hau idatzi ahal izateko, lehenik eta behin, tresna, mozketa parametro eta makina egokiak hautatzeaz gain, mekanizazio lanen sekuentziak erabaki beharko dira. Gainera, gaur egun makina gehienak kontrol numeriko bidez jarduten dutenez gero, prozesu osoa mota horretako simulagailu batean programatuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22914,2017-07,The purpose of the harmonic filters in the electrical power systems is the avoiding the harmonic currents circulation in the network and the reduction of the voltages waveform distortion. The harmonic filters can be of passive type (composite of impedances) or active type (based on power electronic). The issue held on by this project is carrying out several simulations in order to analyze the influence of different filters on the electric network containing harmonic waveforms.,Harmoniko iragazkiek harmoniko korronteen zirkulazioa sistematik sahiesteko eta tentsioaren distortsioa txikiagotzeko funtzioa betetzen dute.Hauek izan daitezke pasiboak (inpedantziz osatuta) edo aktiboak (potentzia elektronikotan oinarrituta). Lan honen helburua da iragazki desberdinak sartzea sare elektrikoan eta ekartzen duenaren bitartez ikerketa bat egitea.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16340,2015-12-04,"This work consists of the realization of the CNC or CAM program of a bicycle front hub
to generate the paths of the tool based on the CAD of a piece.
First, the evolution and importance of numerical control in the development of
industry is explained. Then, the operation of the hub is described, analyzing its
components and characteristics. Besides, different manufacturing processes of the hub
are analyzed, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each one.
Finally, the knowledge gained on numerical control is applied programming the
machining of a hub in a CAM program. Furthermore, the operation of the CAM
program used is explained.","Lan honek bizikletako aurreko gurpileko abatz baten CAM edo CNC programazioa
egitean datza, honen bidez erremintaren ibilbidea deskribatuz piezaren CAD eredutik
abiatuz.
Hasteko, zenbakizko kontrolak izan duen eboluzioa eta garrantzia azaltzen da.
Ondoren, abatzaren funtzionamenduaren deskribapena egin da, bere osagaiak eta izan
behar dituen ezaugarriak aztertuz. Gainera, fabrikazio prozesu ezberdinen analisia egin
da, bakoitzaren abantaila eta desabantailak azpimarratuz.
Azkenik, zenbakizko kontrolaren inguruan bereganatutako ezagutzak aplikatu dira CAM
programa batean abatz baten mekanizazioa programatuz. Honez gain, erabilitako CAM
programaren erabilera azaltzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54014,2021-11-23,"The design and sizing of a complex electrical industrial installation to produce electric forklift trucks is proposed, powered simultaneously by a self-consumption photovoltaic generator. To accomplish this goal, firstly, the modelling of all the electrical switchgear to be installed at medium and low voltage, as well as the photovoltaic generator, is addressed using conventional criteria. Next, the results are ratified by means of specialized engineering softwares for professional use. Finally, all the conditions to be considered in the on-site execution of the installation are detailed.","Eskorga jasotzaile elektrikoak ekoizteko instalazio industrial elektriko konplexu baten diseinu eta dimentsionamendua proposatzen da, non autokontsumoko sorgailu fotovoltaiko batek aldi berean elikatzen duen. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, erdi-tentsioan eta behe-tentsioan instalatu beharreko tresna elektriko guztiak modelizatzen dira, baita sorgailu fotovoltaikoa ere, ohiko irizpideen bitartez eta, ondoren, emaitzak berresten dira erabilera profesionaleko ingeniaritza-programa espezializatuei esker. Azkenik, obran instalazioa egiterakoan kontuan hartu beharreko baldintza guztiak zehazten dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/46929,2020-10-15,"This master thesis deals about the study of the different available alternatives for data transmission for the monitoring of solar panels from a control unit and the development of the communication system.
 By carrying out this master thesis, it is intended to address the following dares:
 • Work out a communication system for PV panels monitoring.
 • Think up a system to identify the PV panels in a communication net. This function it’s important for their monitoring and maintenance.
 This thesis is included within the UPV/EHU electronic design group, in collaboration with the Microelectronic Technology Institute. This groups are developing a system for solar panels monitoring. This system should serve for solar plants with thousand of PV panels. They could be new or already working plants. One of the possibilities that it’s being studied is to carry out the communication through the electric energy cables from the PV panels to the CU.","Master amaierako lan hau, datu transmisioetarako erabilgarriak diren alternatiben ikerketa batean datza, kontrol erdigune batetik eguzki-panelak monitorizatzeko helburuarekin eta komunikazio sistemaren garapena.
 Lan honen bitartez, honako erronka hauei ekin nahi da:
 • FV eguzki-panel sistema monitorizaziorako komunikazio sistema bat garatzea.
 • Komunikazio sarearen barruan FV eguzki-panelak identifikatzeko sistema bat burutzea. Funtzio hau monitorizatzeko eta mantentzeko garrantzitsua da.
 Lan hau Teknologia Mikroelektronikoko Institutuaren partehartzearekin UPV/EHU-ko diseinu elektroniko taldean biltzen da. Talde hauek eguzki-panelen monitorizazio sistema bat garatzen ari dira.
 Sistema hau, milakako FV panel dituzten eguzki-landareetarako balio behar du. Landare berriak edo ustiapenekoak izan daitezke. Ikertzen ari den aukeretariko bat, komunikazioak energia elektrikoen garraio kableen bitartez burutzea da, FV moduluetatik hauen kontrol-unitateraino."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23292,2017-07,"New concepts like Industry 4.0 or IIOT (Industrial Internet of Things) involve a new way of managing data and improving interconnection between different hosts. The proposal is to provide a solution of interconnection between different architectures using the latest technology so the investment in equipment could be reduced in the industry. SLMP (Seamless Message Protocol) is an application protocol that allows interconnection between CC-Link architecture and TCP/IP model. The problem is that actually SLMP is only provided to operate in Windows machines. The proposed work will offer a new solution to run SLMP applications using embedded systems with an ARM architecture. In this way, a multi platform solution will be obtained. A SoC-e’s evaluation board and two Raspberry Pi will be used to realise the tests.","4.0 Industria edo IIOT-a bezala kontzeptu berriak datuak gestionatzeko eta ekipamenduen arteko interkonexioa hobetzeko forma berri bat ekartzen dute. Helburua da, azken teknologiak erabiliz arkitektura desberdinekin ekipoen artean interkonexio soluzio bat lortzea, eta horrela, ekipoetako inbertsioa industrian txikituta ikusiko da. SLMP-a da CC-Link arkitekturaren eta TCP/IP modeloaren arteko interkonexioa baimentzen duen aplikazio protokolo bat. Arazoa da gaur egun SLMP-a Windows makinetan bakarrik operatzeko pentsatuta dagoela. Proposatutako lana soluzio berri bat eskainiko du SLMP-a aplikazioak ARM arkitekturako ekipo integratuetan funtzionaraztea. Honela, soluzio multiplataforma bat lortuko da. Testak egiteko SoC-e ebaluazio-ekipo bat eta bi Raspberry Pi erabiliko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73258,2025-05-07,"There was a need to study how women are portrayed in audiovisual productions of Disney
Princesses. In this paper, the analysis is based on the message that these films depict and their
influence in the construction of the female identity. Disney films have been identified to have
a tendency to illustrate sexist ideas through the portrayal of princesses and other female
characters, perpetuating gender stereotypes rooted in society. This study highlights the
relevance of a critical reflection about audiovisual content aimed to younger audiences, the
necessity of change in children's visual culture and the urgency to create materials that
promote the representation of multiple realities.","Haurrei zuzendutako ikus-entzunezko ekoizpenetan emakumeak irudikatzeko era aztertzea
beharrezkoa da. Ikerketa honetan, Disney printzesen filmek transmititzen dituzten mezuak eta
hauek emakumeen nortasunaren eraikuntzan duten eragina aztertu dira. Film hauetan
printzesen eta beste pertsonaia femenino batzuen irudikapenen bidez, mezu sexistak
transmititzeko joera identifikatu da, gizartean errotuta dauden genero-estereotipoak betikotuz.
Azterlan honek haurrei zuzendutako ikus-entzunezko materialen edukiari buruzko
hausnarketa kritikoaren garrantzia nabarmentzen du, baita haurren ikus-kulturan aldaketak
egiteko eta errealitate anitzak irudikatzea sustatuko duten materialak sortzeko beharra ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20751,1999,"The following lines propose a degree of reflection as concerns the issue of sources on which Axular's ""Gero"" was most probably based. Without forgetting the wide range of conditions that come together in the configuration of the Navarran author's work, a significant double tendency can be identified in the area of its sources. Whilst those for ""Gomendiozko karta"" and ""Irakurtzaileari"" would seem to stem from the brief written tradition in Basque, those for the corpus of the work reveal certain similarities to other works from Latin and Castilian ascetic literature. In this way, and even when the similarity between large fragments from Axular's and Luis de Granada's work is so obvious as to leave little room for doubt regarding the relationship of textual dependency between the two, theproblem of hypothetical common sources and even that of the existence of works that might have fortuitously acted as bridge between the cited texts still remain to be definitively determined. The repetitive nature of the ascetic works and the scarce variations that can be recognized between them in terms of approach, topics, quotations, etc. keep the invitation to continue investigating this subject more than open.","Axularren obraren taxuketa bideratu zuten faktore desberdinak (xedea, erabili metodologia, tratamendu erretorikoa...) gogoan harturik, ""Gero""-n atzeman uste izan diren iturriei buruzko hausnarketari ekitea proposatzen du artikulu honek. Ildo horretatik, eta aurkitu diren testu-menpekotasunak abiapuntu, agerian utziko da ustezko ""iturriak"" bi multzotan bereizteko premia, hots, 'Eskaintzari' eta 'Irakurtzailerari' dagozkionak batean, eta liburuaren corpus-ari dagozkionak, bestean. Lehenengoak euskal tradizio idatziaren eremukoak diren bitartean, bigarrenekoek latinez eta, batik bat, gazteleraz idatzitako aszetika obren esparrukoak dirudite. Ildo horretatik, azken hauen artean Axularren obraren iturri nagusi gisa Granadarenak antzematen baidira ere, zeharo argitu gabe geratzen da amankomunean izan bide zituzten iturrien arazoa eta urdazubiarrak Granadakoaren obrara iristeko bidea zuzen ala bitarteko obren bidez burutu ote zuen planteiatzen duen hipotesia.Guztiarekin ere, obra aszetikoen izaera erredundanteak (planteamenduan, gaitean, aipamenetan, irudietan, etab.) irekita uzten du jatorrizkoen segimendurako gonbitea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55348,2022-02-02,"The aim of this work is to analyze if there is a relationship between general twitter political sentiment and the movements of the stock market, more precisely, the American indexes S&P 500, DJIA and Nasdaq Composite. To do so, a short window event study made of the U.S. presidential elections 2020 was made. Between October 27th and November 8th, being the elections on the 3rd, more than 400.000 tweets were collected using the hashtag “Election Day”. To get the sentiment of these tweets, the sentiment analysis tool “VADER” was used. After this, a collection of correlation and regression analyses was made. Regarding the results, we cannot make concrete conclusions, as they were not statistically significantly different from zero. However, some trends are met and show that sentiment analysis used on Twitter could be used in future projects.","Twitter-eko sentimendu politiko orokorraren eta balore-merkatuko mugimenduen, hain zuzen ere S&P 500, DJIA eta Nasdaq Composite indize amerikarren artean, erlaziorik dagoen ikertzea da gradu amaierako lan honen helburua. Horretarako, 2020-ko Estatu Batuetako presidentziarako hauteskundeekin denbora laburreko ekitaldi baten azterketa egin da. Urriaren 27tik azaroaren 8ra, hauteskundeak 3an izanda, 400.000 txio baino gehiago batu ziren “ElectionDay” hashtag-a erabiliz. Txioen sentimendua lortzeko, “VADER” sentimendu analisi tresna erabili zen. Honen ostean, hainbat korrelazio eta erregresio analisi burutu ziren. Emaitzak erreparatuz, ezin ditugu ondorio zehatzak atera hauek ez direlako estatistikoki esanguratsuak. Hala ere, joera batzuk bai betetzen dira. Gainera, Twitter-en erabilitako sentimendu analisiko tresnak etorkizuneko proiektuetan erabili daitezkeela erakusten du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14001,2015-01-16,"We have got to know the immigration in Vitoria-Gasteiz thanks to the evolution of population. Along with immigration, new needs have showed up, according to the new phenomenon. Among these, we could underline linguistics, essential to meet needs of daily life. Different entities work in this field with the objective of helping these people to learn Basque or Spanish; this work analyzes the situation of these people and provides, through a web site, information and facilitates contact with them and students.","Gasteizek jasan duen biztanleriaren eboluzioak immigrazioa ezagutzera eraman gaitu, fenomeno honekin behar berriak ere agertu dira. Horien artean linguistikoa topatu dezakegu, funtsezkoa beste eguneroko betebehar batzuk asetzeko. Arlo honetan jarduten duten hainbat elkarte aurkitu ditzakegu, bere helburua, kanpotarrei euskara eta gaztelania ikasten laguntzea da. Lan honek elkarte hauen egoera hausnartzen du eta, web horri baten bitartez, bertoko hizkuntzak non eta nola ikasteko informazioa eman eta haien arteko kontaktua bermatzen du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24453,2017-09,"In the last decades, the use of electricity at home has increased a lot. Therefore, as it means a risk for the security of everyone, it’s essential to be very careful in the design of the installation. It has to be efficient and safe. The aim of this project is to design and calculate the parameters of a domestic electrical installation, which has a high electrification level, providing a clear, practical and step-by-step explanation for the complete study of the installation. It must be as cheap as possible taking into account all the technical instructions of the Low Voltage Electrical Regulation that it has to verify in order to be safe.","Azken hamarkadetan, etxeko energia elektrikoko kontsumoa asko areagotu da. Izan ere, bere erabilera gizakientzat arrisku handia izan ahal duenez, oso garrantzitsua da instalazioaren diseinuan arreta eta kontu handia jartzea. Proiektu honen helburua etxebizitzako instalazio elektrikoko diseinu eta parametroetako kalkuloan datza, elektrifikazio gradu altua duena, instalazioaren ikasketa osoaren azalpen argia eta zehatza emanez. Gainera, ahalik eta modu ekonomikoan garatu behar da, baina beti ere, Tentsio baxuko arautegi elektroteknikoaren oharrak jarraituz, instalazio elektriko seguru bat bermatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19458,2016-10-28,"This paper presents an approach to component-based automation technology Profinet CBA, and integration into it of a monitoring interface through an open communication standard, by its application in a particular case of automation.","Lan honetan osagaietan oinarritutako automatizazioaren Profinet-CBA teknologiara hurbiltze bat egiten da, baita komunikazioaren irekitako estandarraren bidezko integratutako gainbegiratzearen interfaze bat ere automatizazioaren kasu zehatz baten erabileraren bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37059,2019-12-19,"This  document  describes  the  end-of bachelor degree work  that  has  been carried out with the aim of simulating, using the GIM software, two models of planar mechanisms of one degree of freedom.The main objective is the implementation of mechanisms in the GIM software for its next study, in order to demonstrate the great usefulness of this novel technique not  only  in  simulation  but  also  the  didactic  advance  that  supposes  for  university students.The design of the mechanism under study will be carried out, executing both kinematic and dynamic analysis, being able to obtain the values of the acting input as well as the reactions in the pairs.A good model of a mechanism is advantageous for companies that perform engineering projects, it can save time in practical experiments that take place over hours or days, as well as predict the useful life of the mechanism or be of great importance for the choice of material.","Dokumentu honetan, GIM softwarearen bitartez, mekanismo lauko  gradu bakarreko bi  modeloren analisia egiteko  burutu  den  Gradu Amaiera Lana deskribatzen da.Helburu nagusia,teknika berrihonen erabilgarritasun handiak azaltzea da. Alde batetik,GIM softwarea ikerketarako mekanismoen inplementazioak egiteko; bestetik,unibertsitateko   ikasleentzat   ekartzen   duen   aurrerapen   didaktikoak frogatzeko. Proiektuaren barnean jorratutako atalen artean hurrengo atalak lortu dira: sartutako jardulearen balioak lortu, ikerketaren azpian mekanismoaren diseinua bai pareetako erreakzioak diseinatu,edota,   analisi zinematiko zein dinamikoak burutu dira. Mekanismo  baten modelo on  bat  lortzea onuragarria  da  ingeniaritza-proiektuak burutzen dituzten enpresentzat, bertan, orduetan edo egunetan zehar garatzen diren esperimentuak softwarearen bitarteaz eginez, aurrezten duten denborarengatik, zein,mekanismoaren  bizitza  baliagarria  iragarri edo  materialaren  aukerarako  garrantzi handia izan ahal dutelako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25477,1997,"The quality of witness, in some processes, is notablely dangerous. The impossibility of appearance
of some witness can bring to proffs’ difficulties, which, amongst other reasons, leads to the promulgation
of the Law about protection to informers, witnwsses and experts in some criminal cases. The legislative genesis
of this Law is analyzed, refering the limits established by the sentences of the European Court of Human
Rights, and commenting the jurisprudence of the Spanish Constitutional and High Court in relation to its performance.","Lekuko izatea arriskutsu samarra da zenbait prozesutan. Lekukoren bat ezin agertu izatea oztopo
izan daiteke frogak burutzeko. Besteak beste, horixe hartu da kontuan zenbait kausa kriminaletako salatzaile,
lekuko eta perituen babesari buruzko legea aldarrikatzerakoan. Azterlan honetan zehatz-mehatz
aztertzen da lege horren sorrera, Giza Eskubideen Europako Auzitegiaren epaiek ezarritako mugak aipatzen
dira, eta Konstituzio Auzitegiak eta Auzitegi Gorenak haren ezarpenari buruz egin duten jurisprudentzia jorratzen
da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47022,2020-10-19,"This final degree project is carried out with the aim of analyzing the sustainable marketing techniques used by companies, as well as the perception that the Basque client has. After a theoretical analysis, the different green marketing strategies are exposed with examples and, once environmental situation in the Basque Country is contextualized, the opinion that the Basque consumer has regarding the tactics already described is evaluated.","Gradu amaierako proiektu hau enpresek erabiltzen dituzten marketin iraunkorreko teknikak aztertzeko eta euskal bezeroak duen pertzepzioa aztertzeko asmoz burutu da. Azterketa teorikoaren ondoren, marketin berdeko estrategia desberdinak azaltzen dira adibideez lagunduta eta Euskal Herriko ingurumen egoera testuinguruan jarri eta gero, kontsumitzaile euskaldunak dagoeneko deskribatutako taktiken inguruan duen iritzia ebaluatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75419,2025-11-05,"This master's final project addresses the study of emerging contaminants (ECs) in water, focusing particularly on sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a commonly used antibiotic that has been detected in aqueous media due to its persistence and difficulty in removal by conventional treatments. The research explores different strategies for the removal of ECs, with an emphasis on advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as UV photolysis, UV/H2O2 and the photo-Fenton process (UV/H2O2/Fe2+), which stand out for their ability to generate highly reactive hydroxyl radicals that effectively degrade these contaminants. In this context, the photo-Fenton process is presented as one of the most promising alternatives for the degradation of SMX in water, due to its high efficiency and ability to destroy complex organic compounds.
Through an experimental setup of the water oxidation equipment and a rigorous analytical methodology, various parameters related to SMX degradation and water quality are evaluated, such as contaminant concentration, loss of aromaticity, changes in colour, turbidity and dissolved oxygen concentration. The results obtained allow the effectiveness of the photo-Fenton process to be analysed in significantly reducing SMX concentration, achieving notable decolourisation and an improvement in the quality of the treated water. The effect of the formation of degradation by-products on the effectiveness of the treatment and the optimisation of reagent dosage (iron catalyst) to avoid adverse effects on the treatment will also be studied.
This work highlights the potential of UV-based POAs, particularly in the photo-Fenton process, as an effective technology for the removal of emerging contaminants in water, while analysing the operating conditions to maximise treatment efficiency and minimise the formation of unwanted by-products. This research contributes to expanding knowledge on the management of ECs contained in water and provides a basis for future research and industrial applications in wastewater treatment.","Master-amaierako lan honetan, uretan sortzen diren kutsatzaile emergenteak (KEak) aztertzen dira, eta, bereziki, zuberfametoxazola (SMX) aztertzen da. Normalean erabiltzen den antibiotiko hori ur-inguruneetan hauteman da, iraunkorra delako eta tratamendu konbentzionalen bidez ezabatzea zaila delako. CEak ezabatzeko estrategiak aztertzen ditu ikerketak, oxidazio aurreratuko prozesuak (OAP) azpimarratuz, hala nola UV, UV/H2O2 erradiazio bidezko fotolisia eta foto-Fenton prozesua (UV/H2O2/Fe2+), zeinak oso modu eraginkorrean degradatzen dituzten erradikal hidroxilo kutsatzaileak sortzeko duten gaitasunagatik nabarmentzen baitira. Testuinguru horretan, foto-Fenton prozesua SMX uretan degradatzeko aukera itxaropentsuenetako bat da, oso eraginkorra delako eta konposatu organiko konplexuak suntsitzeko gaitasuna duelako.
Urak oxidatzeko ekipoaren muntaketa esperimental baten eta metodologia analitiko zorrotz baten bidez, SMXaren degradazioarekin eta uraren kalitatearekin lotutako hainbat parametro ebaluatzen dira, hala nola kutsatzailearen kontzentrazioa, aromatikotasun-galera, kolore-aldaketak, uhertasuna eta disolbatutako oxigenoaren kontzentrazioa. Lortutako emaitzei esker, foto-Fenton prozesuak SMX kontzentrazioa nabarmen murrizteko duen eraginkortasuna azter daiteke, dekolorazio nabarmena lortuz eta tratatutako uraren kalitatea hobetuz. Aztertuko da, halaber, zer eragin duen tratamenduaren eraginkortasunean degradazio-azpiproduktuak sortzeak eta erreaktiboen dosifikazioa optimizatzeak (burdin katalizatzailea), tratamenduan ondorio kaltegarririk saihesteko.
Lan honek UV argiaren erabileran oinarritutako OAPen potentziala nabarmentzen du, batez ere foto-Fenton prozesuan, uretan azaleratzen diren kutsatzaileak ezabatzeko teknologia eraginkor bezala, aldi berean tratamenduaren eraginkortasuna maximizatzeko eta nahi ez diren azpiproduktuen eraketa minimizatzeko eragiketa-baldintzak aztertzen dituelarik. Ikerketa honek urak dituen KEen kudeaketari buruzko ezagutza zabaltzen laguntzen du, eta hondakin-uren tratamenduan etorkizuneko ikerketetarako eta aplikazio industrialetarako oinarria eskaintzen du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29382,2018-10-30,"Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) enables to build free-form parts with almost no geometrical restriction and high-quality metallurgy. The process is based on the generation of a melt pool on the surface of the substrate, whereas filler material in the form of metal powder is simultaneously added dragged by gas. The main objective of this project is to analyze the influence of the employment of gases with different compositions by evaluating the metallurgical quality of the clad. For this purpose, the temperatures with different gases in the LMD processes will be measured and the geometry of the cords and the microstructure of the material will be analyzed.","Laser bidezko prozesu gehigarriak, ingelesez Laser Metal Deposition (LMD) deiturikoak, oinarri-pieza batetik abiatuz geometria anitzetako xehetasunak sortzea ahalbidetzen du. Prozesu hau piezaren gainazala urtu eta, aldi berean, hauts formatuan dagoen materiala gehitzean oinarritzen da. Gehituriko materialaren goi kalitate metalurgikoa bermatzeko, prozesuan erabiltzen diren gasek berebiziko garrantzia daukate, hortaz proiektu honetan prozesuan konposaketa ezberdinetako gasen erabilerak eduki dezakeen eragina aztertu da. Helburu horretarako, gas anitzek LMD prozesuko tenperaturetan duten eragina neurtu da eta aztertu dira lorturiko kordoien geometria eta materialaren mikroegitura."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22935,2017-09,"The aim of this document is to evaluate the impact of ISO 9001 certification through companies’ ́ profitability and other positive effects in different areas. A quality management system, ISO 9001, is an efficient way of defining how an organization can meet the requirements of its customers and other stakeholders affected by its work. ISO 9001 is based on the idea of continual improvement. It is designed to be flexible enough to reach and satisfy any customer needs. The profitability is a critical business skill, and therefore it must be one of the most important characteristics to develop and improve. The certification process is not a sacrifice; instead, it is a clever inversion that is an integral tool to generate an excellent value, and as consequence the expected profitability increase.","Dokumentu honen xedea da ISO 9001 ziurtagiria enpresen errentagarritasunaren eta beste arlo batzuen eragin positiboen bidez duen eragina ebaluatzea. ISO 9001 kalitatearen kudeaketako sistema bat modu eraginkorrean definitzen da nola antolakuntzak bere bezeroek eta bere lanek kaltetutako beste eragile batzuek bete ditzaketen. ISO 9001 hobekuntza etengabearen ideian oinarritzen da. Bezeroen beharrak asetzeko eta bete nahian malgutasunez diseinatuta dago. Errentagarritasuna negozio gaitasun kritikoa da, beraz, garatu eta hobetzeko funtsezko ezaugarrietariko bat izan behar du. Ziurtapen prozesua ez da sakrifizioa, inbertsio adimentsua da, balio bikain bat sortzeko tresna integral bat baita, eta, ondorioz, errentagarritasunean espero den hazkundea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25106,2005,"This contribution focuses on the problems generated by the normalisation of cannabis; particularly, on the difficulties of appreciation and management of the social perceptions in order to assure a social intervention over those aspects that are considered problematic concerning the drugs use. After an introduction on the relationship between social perceptions and drug policy, the discussion focuses on the concept of risk. Finally the author explains some of the most important features of the present situation of drugs in Spain and gives information on the normalization of cannabis in the frame of the present drug policy.","Kannabisaren normalizazioaren gainean planteatzen diren hainbat arazo eztabaidatzen dira; adibidez, gizarte perzeptzioak kudeatu eta baloratzeko zailtasunak, esku hartze sozialari dagokionez, kontsumoen gaineko aspektu problematikoen inguruan. Era honetan, gizarte perzeptzioak eta drogen gaineko politiken arteko erlazioak ikusi eta gero, “arrisku” kontzeptuaren gaineko eztabaida ematen da. Azkenik, Espainiako gaur egungo drogen inguruko ezaugarri nagusienak argitzen dira eta kannabisaren normalizazioak egungo drogen gaineko politikekin duen erlazioari buruzko zenbait datu azaltzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54281,2021-12-02,"Objective: The elderly with a hip fracture are especially vulnerable, presenting an increased risk of falls, which, associated with benzodiazepines could be even higher. The objective is to analyse the prevalence and characteristics of hypnotics and assess whether hospitalization can influence the start or stop of treatment. Development: Retrospective study carried out in 188 patients from an Orthogeriatric Unit in 2020. Were collected chronic hypnotic treatment, functional and cognitive status, polypharmacy (≥5 active principles) and hyperpolypharmacy (≥10 active principles). The population was studied at 5 times of care. 56.4% of the patients took benzodiazepines at home with duration of 11.35 (IQR 9) years and only 16 (15.1%) had diagnosed insomnia. Being a woman (OR 6.9 CI95%; 2.8-16.9), age, polypharmacy and greater dependence were risk factors for taking them at home. Throughout the admission, these hypnotics did not generate a better recovery and the treatments started at discharge were maintained for at least 6 months. Thanks to the hospitalisation the mean dose at discharge was reduce in 0.357mg (p = 0.012). Conclusions: Although there is no relationship between hospitalization and the initiation or interruption of benzodiazepines, this treatment will not be modified the following months after admission, so if it is started it will become chronic.. Sex, age, polypharmacy, and increased dependence are risk factors for taking benzodiazepines. Throughout the admission, the multidisciplinary pharmacotherapeutic adecuation together with the correct conciliation at discharge could reduce the dose and avoid the chronification of these treatments.","Helburua: aldakako haustura duten adinekoak bereziki zaurgarriak dira eta erorketak izateko arrisku handia dute, are gehiago bentzodiazepinak kontsumitzen badituzte. Ikerketa honen helburua hipnotikoen prebalentzia eta ezaugarriak aztertzea da, ospitaleratzeak tratamenduaren hasieran edo etetean eragina izan dezakeen ebaluatzeaz gain. Garapena: 2020. urtean Unitate Ortogeriatriko batean zeuden 188 pazienterekin egindako atzera begirako ikerketa. Tratamendu hipnotiko kronikoa, egoera funtzionala eta kognitiboa, polifarmazia (≥5 p.a.) eta hiperpolifarmazia (≥10 p.a.) jaso ziren. Biztanleria 5 arreta unetan aztertu zen. Gaixoen %56,4k bentzodiazepinak hartzen zituen etxean 11,35 (IQR 9) urteko iraupenarekin eta 16k soilik (%15,1) zuten insomnioa diagnostikatua. Emakumea izatea (OR 6,9 CI% 95; 2.8-16.9), adina, polifarmazia eta menpekotasun funtzionala izan ziren etxean bentzodiazepinak hartzeko arrisku faktoreak. Ospitalizazioan zehar, hipnotiko horiek ez zuten gaitasun funtzionala berreskuratzen lagundu eta altan hasitako tratamenduak gutxienez 6 hilabetez mantendu ziren. Bentzodiazepinen batez besteko dosia 0,357mg-ko (p = 0,012) murriztu zen. Ondorioak: ospitaleratzearen eta bentzodiazepinak hasi edo etetearen artean loturarik aurkitu ez den arren, tratamendu hau ez da aldatuko altaren ondorengo hilabeteetan, beraz, hasiz gero kronikoa bihurtuko da. Esan bezala, emakumea izatea, adina, polifarmazia eta mendekotasun handiagoa bentzodiazepinak hartzeko arrisku faktoreak dira. Ospitalizazio osoan zehar, diziplina anitzeko egokitzapen farmakoterapeutikoak eta alta kontziliazioak dosia murriztu eta tratamendu horien kronifikazioa ekidin dezakete."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29430,2018,"We are facing a pivotal moment in which the return of citizen participation to the debate, technological advances and the instability generated by globalization make liberal political institutions not to respond effectively to new challenges. In this context of redefinition, the open government strategy can be the key for the future of public administrations. This paper aims to provide an approximation to the Basque and Catalan realities, analyzing both the degree of consolidation of the openness policies and the perception of those responsible for implementing them in Euskadi, Navarre and Catalonia.","Herritarren partaidetza berriro ere eztabaidagai izateak, aurrerapen teknologikoek eta globalizazioak sortutako ezegonkortasunak aldaketa garai baten aurrean gaudela ematen digute aditzera. Testuinguru horretan erakunde politiko liberalak jokoz kanpo geratzen dira askotan eta, horrenbestez, gobernu irekiaren estrategia administrazio publikoen etorkizunerako funtsezkoa izan daiteke. Ikerketa honek euskal eta kataluniar errealitateetara hurbilketa egitea du helburu, irekiera politiken garapen maila eta beren inplementazioaz arduratzen direnen pertzepzioa aztertuz Euskadin, Nafarroan eta Katalunian."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47015,2020-10-19,"The techniques of Deep Learning are increasingly applied to the real world and are in continuous development in search of new uses. The techniques used for the classification of images based on convolutional neural networks are well known, but not so much for acoustic classification. The AHOLAB research group has developed a convolutional model capable of detecting and classifying the sound events of a car in order to warn of possible breakdowns in it. AHOLAB wanted to extend the functionalities of its neural network and extend it to new fields of use. That is why through this work the architecture developed by the research group has been reproduced and applied to the classification of urban events. To achieve this objective, during this work the hyperparameters of the convolutional model have been adapted so that it has the capacity to classify sound events detected in urban places. All this has been done at the same time that a similar architecture has been prepared to be presented to a contest called DCASE in which urban sounds had to be classified as well. Thanks to the material offered by the organization of the competition, a large database has been formed with which to feed and train the neural network and it has been possible to evaluate how accurate it can be.","Deep Learning edo ikaskuntza sakoneko teknikak gero eta gehiago aplikatzen dira mundu errealean, eta etengabe garatzen ari dira erabilera berrien bila. Oso ezagunak dira sare neuronal konboluzionaletan oinarritutako irudiak sailkatzeko erabiltzen diren teknikak, baina ez hainbeste sailkapen akustikorako. AHOLAB ikerketa-taldeak auto baten soinu-gertaerak detektatzeko eta sailkatzeko gai den eredu konboluzional bat garatu du, automobilak izan ditzakeen matxuren berri emateko. AHOLAB bere sare neuronalaren funtzionalitateak zabaldu eta erabilera eremu berrietara hedatzeko nahia zuen. Horregatik, ikerketa-taldeak garatutako arkitektura erreproduzitu da lan honen bidez, eta hiri-ekitaldien sailkapenari aplikatu zaio. Helburu hori lortzeko, lan honetan zehar konboluzio-ereduaren hiperparametroak egokitu dira, hiriguneetan antzemandako soinu-gertaerak sailkatzeko gaitasuna izan dezan. Guzti hau, DCASE izeneko lehiaketa batera aurkezteko antzeko arkitektura bat prestatuz joan da, non hiriko soinuak ere sailkatu behar ziren. Lehiaketaren antolatzaileek eskainitako materialari esker, sare neuronala elikatzeko eta entrenatzeko datu-base handi bat osatu ahal izan da, eta sistema zenbaterainokoa izan daitekeen ebaluatu ahal izan da"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26151,1992,Profesors Kaiser and Ritchie merits with regard to their activities are underlined here; and it analysed the evolution along this century of the sciences they study.,"Kaiser eta Ritchie Irakasleen merezimenduak bakoitza bere ikasteko inguruetan, nabaritzen dira, eta beren jakintzaren joan-etorriak mendean zehar azaltzen dira ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/9895,2012,"Imprisonment, as the only response to a crime, is no solution for acts of delinquency. It is no solution for the victim because it only leaves that victim in the most complete abandonment. It is no solution for the offender because not only does prison not serve as a form of rehabilitation, it generates further crime,
as can be gleaned from the high degree of habitual offenders. And fi nally, it is no solution for the Community, because of the high costs, not only penitentiary costs. Only if it goes hand in hand with other responses beyond prison sentencing will imprisonment prove to be an effective way of dealing with the problem of crime. Hence our advocating the idea that justice should recognise the existence of other vehicles towards reparation: mediation, arbitration, dialogue between victim and aggressor, etc.","Espetxe-zigorra, delituaren aurkako erantzun bakar gisa, ez da konponbidea delitu-ekintzarako; ez da irtenbidea biktimarentzako, babesik gabe geratzen baita; ez da konponbidea arau- hauslearentzat, espetxeak ez birgaitzeaz gainera, delinkuentzia gehiago ere sor baitezake, delitua berriz egiteari buruzko tasa altuak egiaztatzen duen moduan, eta, azkenik, ez da konponbidea komunitatearentzat, kostuak handiak direlako
(ez soilik espetxekoak). Espetxearen arloko erantzunak espetxeari ez dagozkion beste erantzun batzuekin batuta soilik ematen du bide delinkuentzia zentzuz lantzeko. Hori dela-eta, beste erantzun konpontzaile batzuk
badaudela aitortzen duen justizia baten alde egiten da: bitartekotza, arbitrajea, biktimaren eta erasotzailearen
arteko elkarrizketa..."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47017,2020-10-19,"Web applications offer users different types of utilities. For an application to be practical, it needs to meet minimum requirements for service speed optimization and the design of a good interface that allows the user to get the information in a comfortable way. To do this, the implementation of these applications plays a fundamental role, as well as the design of them within the fulfillment of these aspects. To promote access to the information they offer, good adaptability is essential to any device available to the user. All these topics will be analyzed throughout this document from an already provided code.","Web-aplikazioek hainbat motatako utilitateak eskaintzen dizkiete erabiltzaileei. Aplikazio bat praktikoa izan dadin, gutxieneko baldintza batzuk bete behar dira zerbitzu-abiadura optimizatzeari eta interfaze eroso bat diseinatzeari dagokienez. Horretarako, aplikazio horiek inplementatzea funtsezkoa da, bai eta horiek diseinatzea ere, alderdi horiek betez. Eskaintzen duten informaziorako sarbidea errazteko, ezinbestekoa da erabiltzaileak duen edozein gailutara ondo egokitzea. Gai horiek guztiak dokumentu honetan aztertuko dira, emandako kode batean oinarrituta."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19631,2016-11-28,"This document contents the documentation of software to automatize the Electronic Load 3710A of Array [1]. The software realizes many measures and save them in an Excel document whit the respective graphic.
It contains two methods. One of them called “Medida Rápida” does a high speed test doing only eleven measures of output current and voltage.
On the other hand, the method called “Curva Característica” does more accurate measures, doing a large number of measures without the supervision of the user.
The measures are composed by a value of Voltage and a value of Current. With this two, the software automatically calculates the output power.
This software has no cost increases by having to pay any licenses for education.","Dokumentu hau software karga elektronikoak 3710A Array [1] automatizatzeko dokumentazioa dauka. Softwareak hainbat neurketa egiten ditu, eta horiek gordetzeko Excel dagozkien grafikoak fitxategi batean .
Bi metodo dauka. Horietako bat , "" Medida Rápida "" izeneko , neurri azkar bat egiten du neurri hamaika bakarrik tentsio eta korronte irteera arabera.
Bigarren kasuan , "" Curva Característica "" izeneko metodoa proba zehatzak egiten ditu, neurketen kopurua lantzean erabiltzaile gainbegiratze gabe .
Neurketa horiek tentsio eta korronte elektrikoaren balioak egiten dira. Bi balio horien bidez, software automatikoki irteerako potentzia kalkulatzen du.
Software honek ez du kostua handitzen hezkuntzari dagokienez lizentzia erosteko"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36487,2019-11-27,"Large CO2emissions contribute to the greenhouse effect and therefore to the climate change. This is one of the most important problems at the moment and has boosted the development of clean and sustainable technologies of free contamination.In  this  project  is  describedthe  actual  energy  supplying  system  at  the  public  school Maiztegi of Iurreta and are found new sustainable alternativesto reduce CO2 emissions. For  it,  advantages  and  disadvantages  of  the  different  renewable  alternatives  are analysed for the type of location in which the school is situated. Three of the most viable options  are  chosen  and the  required  equipment and  elements for  the  construction  of the systems are dimensioned.
6Finally, an economic study is done where the amortization time of the investmentand the annual economic benefitsarecalculated. A Gantt diagram,also,showsreal time in which the project will be finished.","CO2isurpenhandiek negutegi efektua eragiten dute eta ondoriozko klima aldaketa.Hau, gaur  egungo  arazolarrienetako  batean  bihurtu  da  eta teknologia  garbi,  jasangarri  eta kutsadura eragiten ez dutenen garapena ekarri du. Proiektu  honetan,  Iurretako  Maiztegi  eskola  publikoko  gaur  egungo  energia  hornitze sistema   deskribatzen   daeta   CO2isurpenakgutxitukodituen   sistema   alternatibo iraunkorrak    bilatzendira.    Horretarako,    sistema    berriztagarrien    abantaileneta desabantailen  azterketa  egiten  da  eskolaren  kokagunearen  arabera.  Horietatik  hiru bideragarrienak  aukeratzen  dira  eta  instalazioak  aurrera  eramateko  beharrezko  ekipo eta elementuak dimentsionatzendira. Azkenik,  azterketa  ekonomiko  bat  burutzen  da,  inbertsioaren  amortizazioa  eta  urteko irabaziak  ezagutzeko.  Gantt  diagrama  bat  ere  egiten  da  proiektuaren  iraupen  erreala ezagutzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55044,2022-01-18,"The following work aims to create an illustrated album that serves to promote visual literacy in children, through the creation of formal relationships between the images in the album and visual culture. This literacy is necessary for children to be able to face the quantity and complexity of images presented by today's society dominated by visual communication. To this end, and taking into account the characteristics of the contemporary album, this TFG proposes the creation of an interactive and metafictional illustrated album that serves as a resource in the childhood stage to promote this visual literacy.","Hurrengo lanak album ilustratu bat sortu nahi du, haur-hezkuntzako ikasleengan alfabetatze bisuala errazteko, albumeko irudien eta munsu errealaren arteko harreman formalak sortuz. Alfabetatze hori beharrezkoa da haurrek ikusizko komunikazioa nagusi den egungo gizarteak aurkezten dituen irudien kopuru eta konplexutasunari aurre egin ahal izateko. Horretarako, eta egungo albumaren ezaugarriak kontuan hartuta, TFG honek album ilustratu interaktibo eta metafikzional bat sortzea proposatzen du, haurtzaroan alfabetatze bisual hori errazteko baliabide gisa balioko duena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16252,2015-11-30,"The optimization of electrical installations has become one of industrial companies’ most important priorities over the last few decades. In this regard, the correction of power factor in those electrical systems supposes an important issue to analyze and solve. There are almost always different methods of compensation available, but in the majority of the cases, the implementation of capacitor banks is the best option. Moreover, depending on where the installation is made, the capacitor bank provides some advantages and disadvantages in terms of reactive components in the electrical system and total costs of the compensation needed. Apart from the theoretical development, simulations made in calculation tools show and verify these ideas with real data.","Azken hamarkadetan zehar, instalazio elektrikoen optimizazioa enpresen lehentasunetako bat bihurtu da. Zentzu honetan, potentzi-faktorearen zuzenketak aztertu eta ebatzi beharreko gai garrantzitsua suposatzen du. Gaur egun, konpentsaziorako metodo ezberdinak existitzen dira, baina kasurik gehienetan, aukerarik egokiena kondentsadore baterien implementazioa da. Horrez gain, abantaila eta desabantaila ezberdinak lortzen dira baterien instalazioan erabilitako distribuzioaren arabera, hala nola, instalazio elektrikoan zehar garraiatuko den osagai erreaktiboei zein konpentsazioak suposatuko dituen kostu ekonomikoei dagokienez. Azalpen teorikoetaz aparte, kalkulu herraminten bidez garatutako simulazioek idei hauek egiaztatuko dituzte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25862,2018-03-21,"Death is a taboo topic in nowadays society and that is directly reflected in the education curriculum, in which there is no presence of the mentioned issue. In the current schools people do not talk about death, even though it is a part of life. To face this reality, a didactic proposal has been presented with the purpose of treating death as a cross topic in the Primary Education. Contrary to what is thought, when a death happens, children live the mourning and, because of that, the aim of this proposal has been to put around that death is a part of the life cycle. As it has been concluded, children have no problem to talk about death, as it is an attitude they internalize as they grow up.","Heriotza tabu gaia da gaur egungo gizartean eta hori zuzenean islatzen da hezkuntza curriculumean, zeinetan horren presentziarik ez dagoen. Egungo eskoletan ez da heriotzari buruz hitz egiten, hau bizitzaren parte izan arren. Errealitate honi aurre egiteko, Lehen Hezkuntzan heriotza zeharkako gai moduan tratatzea helburu duen proposamen didaktikoa aurkeztu izan da. Pentsatzen den ez bezala, umeek heriotzaren aurrean dolua bizitzen dute, hortaz, proposamen honekin heriotza bizi-zikloaren parte dela ulertarazi nahi izan da. Ondorioztatutako moduan, umeek ez dute heriotzari buruz hitz egiteko arazorik, hori baita hazi heinean barneratzen duten jarrera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14082,2015-01-19,"The role of motivation in the teaching-learning process is crucial. The aim of this re-search work has been analysing motivational practices observed in a specific classroom of primary education. Prior to the observation, the student is asked to value their degree of motivation toward the different areas, with the exception of physical education. The observation was carried out with the help of a few indicators that make possible to de-limit the object of study. A total of thirteen motivational practices were detected. Curi-ously, it was in the less motivating subjects valued by the students where more motiva-tional practices were detected.","Motibazioaren papera ikaskuntza-irakaskuntza prozesuan erabakigarria da. Ikerketa lan honen helburua da lehen hezkuntzako gela konkretu batean ikusitako motibaziozko praktikak aztertzea. Behaketa egin baino lehen, ikasleei ikasgai desberdinen motibazio-maila baloratzeko eskatu zitzaien, gorputz-hezkuntzako ikasgaia izan ezik. Behaketa adierazle batzuen laguntzaz egin zen, zeinek ikerketaren objektua mugatzeko aukera eman zuten. Guztira motibaziozko hamahiru praktika antzeman ziren. Jakinguraz, moti-baziozko praktiken gehiengoa, ikasleentzako motibazio gutxiko diren ikasgaietan an-tzeman ziren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25092,2005,"In Colombia, drug problem appears closely linked to the problem of security and the antiterrorism struggle. The control of crops by the means of militarization of the fight against drugs represents the best cost-benefits strategy in order to cut the offer. This contribution analyses the relationship between armed groups and narcotics traffic; the conclusion is that it is necessary a clear policy in order to establish an alternative approach, and to overcome the era of militarization. The harm reduction strategy constitutes one of the most important examples in this way.","Kolonbian, drogen arazoa terrorismoaren kontrako borrokarekin eta segurtasunarekin lotutaagertzen zaigu. Landaketen kontrola, drogen kontrako militarizazioa erabiliz, estrategiarik hoberena da onuraren ikuspegitik, eskaintza eteteko. Era honetan narkotrafikoa eta talde armatuen arteko lotura aztertzen da; politika argi baten beharra ondorioztatzen da hurbiltze alternatibo bat ezartzeko, horrela militarizazioa gaindituz. Kalteen murrizketa euskarri interesgarrienetarikoa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52103,2021-06-30,"The aim of this end-of-degree project is to analyse how to work the competence of the linguistic communication in the Physical Education subject. To do so, the special sociolinguistic context of the Foral region of Navarre will be analysed along with the study of both the mix-speaking and non-Basque speaking areas of Navarre. In these areas the use of Basque outside school is little so many students do not have the opportunities to use the language in informal contexts. At the same time, we must stand out that PE offers great possibilities to work the oral skill at school. Therefore, we are going to put forward a didactic proposal to work this competence during the Secondary Education. This proposal will focused on a project-work methodology and either the formal or the informal aspects of the oral competence will be taken into account. In consequence, this study will be useful as a methodological tool for the PE teachers who want to include in their curriculums the linguistic competence.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua da Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasgaian hizkuntza komunikaziorako gaitasuna nola landu daitekeen aztertzea. Horretarako, Nafarroako Foru Komunitateko testuinguru soziolinguistiko berezia aztertu eta kontuan hartuko da, ikerketa Nafarroako eremu misto eta eremu ez-euskaldunean kokatuko delarik. Eremu horietan euskarak eskolatik at duen presentzia nahiko txikia da eta horren ondorioz, ikasleek hizkuntza hau egoera informaletan erabiltzeko aukera gutxi izaten dituzte. Era berean, hizkuntzaren ahozkotasunaren lanketan Gorputz Hezkuntzak dituen aukera ezin hobeak nabarmenduko ditugu eta horren ondorioz, Derrigorrezko Bigarren Hezkuntzako irakasgai honetan esparru hau lantzeko proposamen didaktiko bat sortuko dugu. Proposamen hau proiektuka lan egiteko metodologian oinarrituko da eta ahozkotasunaren bi norabideak lantzeko beharra hartuko du kontuan: hizkuntzaren alderdi formala eta informala. Beraz, lan hau tresna metodologikoa izan daiteke euren programazioetan hizkuntza gaitasuna lantzea erabakitzen duten Gorputz Hezkuntzako irakasleentzat."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27344,1998,"The art. 25.3 of the Spanish Constitution forbides to the Administration to impose sanctions that
“imply directly or subsidiarily the privation of freedom”. From the first moment it was debated about the
constitutionality of the isolation sanctions, imposed by an administrative organ. The Constitutional Tribunal
has understood that this punisher power doesn’t injure this order but the employed reasonings fit scarcely into
the principles that inspire our criminal law. This way, the limits and contents of the ambulatory freedom in the
penitentiary environment are questioned.","Konstituzio Espainoleko 25.3 artikuluak, Ardularitzari askatasuna zuzen edo zeharbidez
murrizten dituzten zigorrak ezartzea galerazten dio. Lehen momentuan, Herri Ardularitzako organu batek
ezarritako bakartze neurrien konstituzionalitatea planteatu zen. Auzitegi Konstituzionalak esan duenez,
zigortze ahalmen hark ez du agindu hura makesten, hala eta guztiz ere, erabiltzen dituen argumentuak, gure
Baitegi Zuzenbidea argitzen duten jarraipideekin ez dira gehiegi zurikatzen. Horrela, Baitegi inguruan,
askatasun bidekariaren muga eta edukiak, planteatzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27796,2018-06-29,"Throughout history, man has asked himself what the future holds for him, seeking the answer in different artistic fields. Now it's up to the seventh art and the future that it proposes is not flattering. When analyzing the transcendence that the dystopia concept, as a representative of a dark future, can have on the human being, cinema plays an indispensable role. This is why the films The Road (John Hillcoat, 2009) and Interstellar (Christopher Nolan, 2014) that represent the American dystopian cinema of the 21st century have been selected. The research focuses on analyzing the retreat of the dystopian world and the attitude that the characters adopt in this universe.","Etorkizunak zer ekarriko ote dion galdetu dio gizakiak bere buruari historia osoan zehar eta kezka hau konponduko duen erantzun bat bilatzen saiatu da artearen eremu ezberdinetan. Oraingoan zazpigarren artearen txanda dela dirudi eta honek marrazten duen etorbideak ez digu ezer onik iragartzen. Espero dugun garai beltzaren erakuslea den distopiaren kontzeptuak gizabanakoan gauzatu dezakeen transzendentzia aztertzerako orduan, zineak tresna paregabe gisa funtzionatzen du. Hori dela eta, ikerketa honetan XXI. mendeko zine distopiko estatubatuarraren ordezkari diren The Road (John Hillcoat, 2009) eta Interstellar (Christopher Nolan, 2014) pelikulak aztertu dira, horietan egiten den mundu distopikoaren erretratuari eta pertsonaiek bertan hartzen duten jarrerari erreperatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29289,2018-10-23,"This project´s objectives are the desing and calculus of a industrial unit. The building will be located in the Luisense industrial estate of Mungia, in a plane and urbanized área, in order to promote the economy of the zone.
The structure will be made up of laminated steel. It will consist of six attached modules of 20x30m, with a maximun width of 120. Each of de modules will be indepentent establishment and it will be set aside for rent or sale.","Proiektu honek eraikin industrial baten diseinu eta kalkulua ditu helburutzat. Eraikina mungiako Luisense industrialdean kokatuko da, jada urbanizatua eta lauzotua dagoen partzela batean inguruko ekonomia sustatzeko asmotan.
Egitura altzairu laminatuzko perfilez eraikiko da. Ondoz ondoko 20x30m-ko 6 moduluk osatuko dute eta guztira 120m-ko zabalera izango du. Modulu bakoitza establezimendu desberdin bat izango da eta salmenta edo alokairurako izango da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50181,2021-02-12,"Discrimination against identities that are currently outside the gender binary can be detected in all areas of society, including in the family and in the education system. Therefore, in order to promote understanding, awareness and respect for transgender people in schools, an innovative digital material called Sentitzen zarena zara has been created. This material is a website aimed at 6th grade primary school students. In it, in addition to activities, other different resources will be available to enable a successful learning of the subject, with Basque being the basic language in all of them. The material has been tested with 48 children and the degree of satisfaction presented has been high. In fact, among the results obtained, most of the children have stated that the Sentitzen zarena zara material has given them the opportunity to learn about the transgender issue and that the digital form used is adequate to enable a learning development.","Gaur egun genero binarismotik kanpo dauden identitateekiko diskriminazioa gizarteko eremu guztietan antzeman daiteke, baita familian eta hezkuntza sisteman ere. Beraz, eskoletan transgeneroen gaineko ulermena, sentsibilizazioa eta errespetua sustatzeko helburuarekin, Sentitzen zarena zara material digital berritzailea sortu da. Material hau Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako ikasleei zuzendutako webgune bat da. Bertan, jarduerak ez ezik, bestelako baliabide desberdinak ere eskuragarri egongo dira gaiaren ikaskuntza arrakastatsua ahalbidetzeko, guztietan euskara oinarrizko hizkuntza izanik. Materiala 48 umerekin frogatu da eta aurkeztu duten asebetetasun maila altua izan da. Izan ere, eskuratutako emaitzen artean, ume gehienek Sentitzen zarena zara materialak transgenero gaiaren inguruan ikasteko aukera eskaini diela zehaztu dute, baita ikaskuntza garapen bat ahalbidetzeko modu digital egokia dela ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24254,2017-09,"The aim of this proyect is to analyse and study the field of the walking mechanism and specially the Theo Jansen's linkage. To this end, firstly some others walking mechanisms and its evolution among history are going to be studied. Morover, some applications of this linkages are going to be mentioned. After the study of the current situation of the walking mechanisms, a Deep analysis of the Theo Jansen’s linkage will be made. Finally, a prototype is going to be both design and built.","Proyektu honen helburua mekanismo ibiltariak ikastea da, Theo Jansenen mekanismoa batez ere. Horretarako, lehendabizi, historian zehar egon diren beste mekanismo ibiltari batzuk ikasiko dira eta hauek dituzten erabilerak aztertuko dira.
Mekanismo ibiltarien ingurua aztertu eta ondoren, Theo Jansen, artista holandarraren, mekanismoa zehaztasunez aztertuko da. Azkenik, bere mekanismoaren prototipu bat diseinatuko eta egingo da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16497,2015-12-17,"The following development project, focused in the context of supplying the needs of the emergency teams, is presented. Nowadays, emergency teams use walkie-talkies to communicate, in other words, they use PTT (Push-to-talk) technology. Is a unidirectional communication, from one user to many, making it possible to transmit all the necessary information to various users simultaneously. On the other hand, the use of this technology, provides communication in real-time with practically no delay.
However, the use of it brings its own inconvenients. For example, the range of transmission-reception of these devises is limited. Also, the frequency band, needs to be reserved in order to avoid the channel to be occupied by other users, possible interferences, etc. The reservation of this frequency range is an added cost for the use of this technology.
With the development of mobile networks that offer high transmission speed, it is possible the use of the PTT technology through the existing mobile network. Thus, the following development project of a mobile application Android, as a client that uses the PTT technology over the mobile network PoC (Push -to-talk Over Cellular) arises.","Larrialdi taldeen beharrak asetzeko testuinguruan bideratuta, hurrengo garapen proiektua aurkezten da. Larrialdi taldeek, walkie talkies erabiltzen dute elkarren artean komunikatzeko,hau da, teknologia PTT (Push-to-talk) erabiltzen dute. Erabiltzaile batetik, erabiltzaile askora komunikazioa gertatzen da, beraz, aldi berean, beharrezkoa den informazioa hainbat erabiltzaileei transmititu ahal izaten da. Gainera, teknologia honen bidez komunikazio denbora errealean egiten da, ia atzerapenik gabe.
Hala ere, komunikazio forma honen erabilera desabantaila batzuk dakar. Adibidez, walkie-talkien heina mugatuta dago. Horrez gain, komunikatzeko frekuentzia banda, erreserbatuta behar izango da, beste erabiltzaileek kanala ez okupatzeko eta interferentzia arazoak ez egoteko. Erreserba honen kostua gehitu behar da teknologia hau erabiltzeko.
Transmisio abiadura eskaintzen duten sare mugikorrak garapenarekin batera, posible da PTT teknologia erabiltzea dagoen sare mugikorraren bidez. Horrela, honako garapen-proiektu hau, mugikorreko Android aplikazio bat, PTT teknologia bezero eta sare mugikorren bidez komunikatzen dena PoC (Push-to-talk Over Cellular), aurkezten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23353,2017-09,"It is a question of obtaining the dynamic model of a three-phase asynchronous motor by means of experimental techniques in the frequency domain. In order to obtain them, several previous tasks will have to be carried out, such as: analyzing the performance of the frequency inverter and generating periodic signals. Subsequently will work on the identification of the engine model from its frequency response and will make a velocity guided test.","Motor asinkrono trifasiko baten modelo dinamikoa lortzea da helburua, frekuentziaren domeinuan oinarritutako teknika esperimentalen bitartez. Hau lortzeko aurretiko pasu batzuk eman beharko dira: Frekuentzia “inbertsorearen” prestasioak alisatzea eta seinale periodikoak sortzea. Ondoren motorraren modeloaren identifikazioa egingo da honek ematen duen erantzunaren arabera, frekuenzian eta abiaduraren gidapen proba egingo da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50168,2021-02-12,"Despite the fact that Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) is a widespread problem in society, there is hardly any public and accredited training for teachers in this area. In this sense, the objective of this project was to design and carry out the first public and accredited training on CSA for active teachers in the Basque Country, within the Prest-Garap plan for continuous teacher training. The conclusion is that this training is essential for the educational practice of the teaching staff, since most of the participating teachers stated that they had faced cases of CSA in their professional career. It is also argued that the training of a large part of the teaching staff would encourage the creation of a support and containment network.","Haurren Kontrako Sexu Abusuak (HkSA) gizartean zabal hedatutako problematika izan arren,  apenas ez dago gai honi buruzko irakasleentzako prestakuntza publiko eta homologaturik. Hori horrela, proiektu honen helburua Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan jardunean dauden irakasleentzako HkSAei buruzko lehenengo prestakuntza publiko eta akreditatua diseinatzea eta burutzea izan zen, irakasleen etengabeko prestakuntzarako Prest-Gara planaren barnean. Prestakuntza hau irakasleen jardun hezitzailerako ezinbestekoa dela ondorioztatzen da; izan ere, parte hartu zuten irakasle gehienek adierazi zuten HkSA kasuei aurre egin behar izan zietela beren ibilbide profesionalean. Halaber, irakasleen zati handi bat prestatzeak laguntza- eta euste-sare bat sortzea sustatuko lukeela ere defendatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31772,2019-02-28,"The aim of this research work has been the study of the anxiety levels of students in different situations that can occur in English classes. It has been taken into account if the gender and the way of teaching of the teacher, as well as the level of anxiety and the language habit are related. With this idea in mind, and using an inquiry done to 185 students from three schools of Durango, the level of anxiety and language habits of students have been compilated. In the same way, in order to get information about the way of teaching, another inquiry has been done by the teachers of those students. According to the results, the anxiety level demostrated by the student is medium.","Ikerketa lan honen helburua ingeleseko klaseetan zehar ematen diren egoera ezberdinen aurrean ikasleen antsietate maila aztertzea izan da. Betiere, generoak eta irakasleen irakasteko moduek eraginik duten eta antsietate mailaren eta hizkuntza ohituren artean erlaziorik dagoen ikertu da. Horretarako, Durangoko hiru ikastetxe ezberdinetako 185 ikaslek betetako galdetegien bitartez, ingeleseko klaseak abiapuntu izanik, ikasleen antsietate maila eta hizkuntza ohituren inguruko datuak jaso dira. Era berean, parte hartu duten ikasleen ingeleseko irakasleek ere galdetegi bat bete dute, irakasteko moduen inguruko informazioa eskuratu ahal izateko. Emaitzei dagokienez, ikasleek antsietate egoerekiko adierazten duten adostasun maila tartekoa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57109,2022-08-02,"Given the climate and energy crisis currently affecting the planet and the fact that Spain is one of the most affected countries in the European Union, there is a need for research into energy saving in buildings, with a large part of the focus on reducing their consumption. In this case, the project is located in Greater Bilbao, specifically in Portugalete. The fact that social housing is increasingly in demand is a good reason for research to focus on improving the thermal installations inside these buildings. Even more so, if we take into account that since COVID-19 came into society, more time is spent inside homes, with all that this entails; increased energy demand and consumption, emissions, inflated bills, etc. This project seeks solutions to the irreversibilities that are generated in the systems of the selected dwellings, but the aim is to go beyond the usual energy studies, giving greater importance to the exergetic and thermoeconomic study. First, an analysis will be carried out in which different measures will be taken to define the current state of the installation. Then, the necessary data will be selected to identify the dynamic model of the system. Then, the different operating models will be analysed according to the use. Once all the data has been collected and analysed, an exergetic analysis will be carried out, which will reveal which equipment produces the greatest amount of irreversibilities. All of this, with the aim of finding possible new operating strategies to reduce them and which will give rise to new research in new areas such as the control of installations. In addition, the same facility and each control will be simulated in Seville and Logroño in order to analyse how the costs varies from one climate to another.","Gaur egun planetak bizi duen krisi klimatiko eta energetikoa dela eta, eta Espainia Europar Batasuneko herrialde kaltetuenetako bat dela kontuan hartuta, energia-aurrezteko ikertu behar da, eta foku gehienak eraikinen kontsumoaren murrizketan jarri dira. Kasu honetan, Bilbo Handian kokatzen dugu proiektua, Portugaleten hain zuzen ere. Babes Ofizialeko Etxebizitzak gero eta gehiago eskatzen dira, eta hori pisuzko arrazoia da ikerketaren oinarria etxebizitza horiek dituzten instalazio termikoak hobetzea izan dadin. Are gehiago, COVID-19a gizartean sartu denetik denbora gehiago ematen dela etxebizitzen barruan kontuan harturik, horrek dakarren guztiarekin; energia-eskaria eta -kontsumoa handitzea, emisioak, fakturak, etab. Proiektu honek hautatutako etxebizitzen sistemetan sortzen diren itzulezintasunei irtenbidea bilatzen die, baina ohiko energia-azterketatik harago iritsi nahi du, azterketa exergetikoari eta termoekonomikoari garrantzi handiagoa emanez. Lehenik eta behin, analisi bat egingo da, eta, bertan, instalazioaren egungo egoera zehazteko hainbat neurri hartuko dira. Ondoren, sistemaren eredu dinamikoa identifikatzeko beharrezko datuak aukeratuko dira. Gero, eredua ezberdinak aztertuko dira, erabileraren arabera. Datu guztiak bildu eta aztertu ondoren, azterketa exergetikoa egingo da, eta horrek erakutsiko ditu itzulezintasun gehiago sortzen dituzten ekipoak. Hori guztia, itzulezintasunak murriztuko dituzten funtzionamendu-estrategia berriak aurkitzeko eta eremu berrietan ikerketa berriak egiteko, hala nola instalazioen kontrolean. Gainera, instalazio bera simulatuko da Sevillako eta Logroñoko kontrolarekin, kostuak klima batetik bestera nola aldatzen diren aztertzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67915,2024-05-10,"Currently, the growing global energy demand and the urgent need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have underscored the imperative to transition towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy matrix. The implementation and expansion of renewable energy systems have become a crucial factor in the progress of today’s society and the fight against climate change.
Renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal offer undeniable advantages compared to conventional energy sources. Not only are they cleaner and more environmentally friendly, but they are also inexhaustible, ensuring a long-term energy supply. However, their large-scale implementation faces significant challenges, particularly in the residential sector.
In the realm of housing, the substantial use of fossil fuels to meet thermal and energy needs is evident. Achieving greater energy efficiency in homes is fundamental to reducing society's carbon footprint. This is where renewable energies come into play. The installation of solar panels on rooftops, the utilization of geothermal heating systems, and the adoption of small-scale wind energy technologies are examples of solutions that can transform how households acquire and utilize energy.
Nonetheless, a key challenge in integrating renewable energies into the residential sector lies in the intermittency of generation. Solar energy is unavailable at night, and wind energy depends on the wind's strength. To address this issue, it is essential to develop effective thermal and electrical storage systems capable of storing excess energy generated during peak production times and releasing it when demand is high and generation is insufficient.
With this purpose in mind, the present work has developed a thermal storage system using a rock bed. This system consists of a storage tank that will be filled with gravel, which will be responsible for storing thermal energy. In this project, an evaluation of the economic feasibility and performance of the storage system will be conducted.
This study aimed to assess the economic viability of photovoltaic systems with thermal energy storage (TES) while considering multiple variables. Key financial indicators such as Payback, Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were analyzed for various configurations. It was found that, in general terms, investments in these systems are profitable, with Payback periods ranging from 3 to 6 years and positive NPV and IRR values. In summary, the financial feasibility of photovoltaic systems with TES is supported, with variations in profitability depending on the scale and specific characteristics of each configuration.","Egungoan, energia behar handiko hazkundea eta gas efektua izoztuzko emisioak murrizteko beharra agertu du ingurumenarekiko jasangarriago eta errespetuzkoa den energia matrize baterantz egin beharra. Energi berriztagarrien sistema erabilera eta hedapena gizarte modernoaren aurrera egiteko eta klima aldaketa aurkako borrokan faktore garrantzitsua bihurtu da.
Energia berriztagarriak, hala nola eguzki, haize, hidroelektrikoa eta geotermikoa, aurkako energia iturrien aldean argiak eta ingurumenarekiko errespetagarriak diren abantaila ezin ikargatuak eskaintzen dituzte. Ez soilik garbiagoak eta ingurumenarekiko errespetu handiagoa dutenez, baina baita agortasunik gabeak ere, energi hornikuntza luzeko ziurtatzen dute. Hala ere, beren erabilera zabala izateak erronka handiak dakar, batez ere etxebizitza sektorean.
Etxebizitzaren inguruan, beroa eta energia beharrak asetzeko fosil erretiluak erabilera nabarmena dute. Etxeetan energia eraginkortasun handiagoa lortzea oso garrantzitsua da gizartearen karbono hondarrak murrizteko. Hemen energia berriztagarriak sartzen dira. Hondarrizko teilak egokitzea, geotermiko bero-sistemak erabiltea eta haize-energiaren teknologiak txikitasun mailan adopzioa diren adibideak dira, etxebizitzak energia lortzen eta erabilten dituzten modua aldatu dezaketen irudiak.
Hala ere, energia berriztagarrien etxebizitza sektorean integrazioan erronka nagusi bat aurkitzen da energia sortuaren tartekotasunean dagoena. Eguzki energia gaua zehar erabilgarri ez da eta haize-energiak haizearen indarretik mendekatzen du. Herritarrek energia gutxien eskuratzen eta erabiltzen duten unean energia gehiago gordetzeko eta eskatzen den batean gehiegizko beharra dagoenean eta sortzea gutxi den unean aski den energia gordetzeko sistema termiko eta elektriko eraginkorra garatzeko oso garrantzitsua da.
Helburu horrekin, lan hau gaur egungoan gurutzatu da, leho bat erabiliz energia gordetzeko sistema garatu da. Sistema honek beroa gordetzeko erabiliko den grava batekin beteko den biltegia du, eta horrek energia termikoa gordetzeko ardura izango du. Lan honetan energia gordetzeko sistemaaren garapeneko eta ekonomiagintzako ebaluazioa egingo da.
Azterketa hori biltegiratze termikoa (TE) duten sistema fotovoltaikoen bideragarritasun ekonomikoa ebaluatzera bideratu zen, aldagai ugari kontuan hartuta. Funtsezko adierazleak aztertu ziren, hala nola Payback, Egungo Balio Garbia (VAN) eta Barne Itzulera Tasa (TIR) konfigurazio desberdinetarako. Aurkitu zen, oro har, sistema horietan egindako inbertsioa errentagarria dela, 3-6 urteko Paybacks eta VAN eta TIR positiboekin. Laburbilduz, TES duten sistema fotovoltaikoen finantza-bideragarritasuna babesten da, konfigurazio bakoitzaren eskalaren eta ezaugarri espezifikoen arabera errentagarritasunean aldaketak eginez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24372,2011,"Analyses the legitimacy of the penal system from three different points of focus: from an axiological, contextual and teleological standpoint. At the axiological level, it defends its function of exclusive protection of legal goods through the prohibition of materially offensive behaviour. At the contextual level, it calls for intervention that is not too late to exclude or reduce the need for legal punishment. At a teleological level, it stipulates that legal punishment guarantees, with a minimum of hindrance, the enforcement of the law, the protection of the victim and the rehabilitation of the offender.","Zigor-sistemaren legezkotasuna hiru adarretatik aztertuko da: axiologikoa, testuingurukoa eta teleologikoa. Axiologikoan, jarrera iraingarriak debekatuta, ondasun juridikoen babes berezirako duen funtzioa aldarrikatzen da. Testuinguruari dagokionean, hain berankorra ez den esku-hartzea eskatzen da, zigor-premia baztertu edo ahulduko duena. Eta teologikoan, beharrezkoa da zigorrak, ahalik eta atsekabe txikiena eraginda, legearen indarraldia, biktimaren babesa eta arau-hauslearen gizarteratzea bermatzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25008,2007,"The gradual development of new technologies, computer sciences and, especially, Internet increases the possibilities of attempting against the personal privacy, mainly with regard to the communications interception, the reception and diffusion of images, and the use of personal data in computer databases. The present study analyzes the risk to privacy inherent to every particular case and the protection granted to privacy by the Penal code. It also examines the alternative juridical answers that the Law could offer to face those behaviours.","Informatika, Internet bereziki eta teknologia berrien garapenak bakoitzaren intimitatearen kontra egiteko aukerak biderkatu ditu, batez ere komunikazio mozketan eta irudiak hartzen eta hedatzen eta informatika datu baseetan hartutako datu pertsonalen erabileran. Lan honek kasu bakoitzak intimitatean duen eragina aztertzen da, Zigor Kodeak ondasun juridikoa babesten baldin badu, eta horrela ez bada, zein den ordenamendu juridikoak eskeintzen duen erantzuna jardun hauen aurrean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25282,2001,"The Organic Law 5/2000, January the 12th, regulating the criminal responsibility of minors, is centred, in its VII Title, on the measures performance, studying in depth this question along these pages. This is a necessary Law, but not enough, because it needs an important regulation development in order to satisfy the diverse performance aspects that this Law don't tackle or are handled superficially.","Adingabeen erantzukizun penala erregulatzen duen urtarrilaren 12-ko 5/2000 lege organikoa, bere VII. tituluan burutze neurrietan oinarritzen da, eta horrialde hauetan sakonean aztertzen dira. Beharrezko arautze baten aurrean aurkitzen gara, baina nahikoa ez den arautze baten aurrean eta garapen erreglamentario garrantzitsu baten beharra izango duen arautze baten aurrean, hainbat alderdi legeak aztertu gabe uzten bait ditu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47721,2020-11-04,"Abstract: the following report contains a proposal for the sizing of an installation for the energy recovery of sludge coming from Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP). The aim of the project is to offer a viable solution to the management of waste water generated in cities, giving them a utility as an ecological fuel, capable of supplying electricity to the entire plant and being environmentally respectful.","Laburpena: jarraian aurkezten den lanak Hondakin Uren Araztegiko (HUA) lohien balorizazio energetikorako instalazio baten dimentsionamenduaren proposamena jasotzen du. Proiektuaren helburua hirietan sortzen diren hondakin uren kudeaketari irtenbide bideragarri bat eskaintzea da, erregai ekologiko gisa erabilgarriak izan daitezen, instalazioaren kontsumo elektrikoa hornitzeko gai izan daitezen eta ingurumena errespeta dezaten."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16042,2015-11-05,"Introduction and objective: The current economic crisis has led some countries to propose policies based on cuts in social budget in order to confront their debts. The effects of the economic recession and the austerity policies imposed by some governments could cause an increase of social inequality that would lead to a deterioration of population's public health. The aim of this systematic review is to know whether have been variations in suicide cases influenced by the current economic crisis in the countries that have been the subject of a bailout (Greece, Spain, Ireland, Portugal and Cyprus) since the onset of the crisis, in 2008. Moreover, as a second aim, it tries to evaluate whether have existed increases in cases of mental diseases and alcoholism due to the same cause. 
Methods: A PRISMA-based systematic review was performed. A search protocol was designed in order to be used in 5 databases (Medline, Scopus, WOS, IBECS and CINAHL) and observational studies published between 2005/1/1 and 2014/12/31 were considered. 
Results: 16 observational studies were selected, with quality evidence levels VI – VII (regular – low). In most of the studies, it was observed an increase in suicides related with the economic crisis, except in 3 articles, in which they showed no changes in the suicide rates during the years of the crisis. All the articles except one concluded the existence of a deterioration of mental health, increases being showed in cases of depression above all. On the other hand, the outcomes were not conclusive in regards to alcoholism. 
Conclusions: It is observed a relationship between the crisis and the suicides and the deterioration of mental health overall; nevertheless, it is necessary to project more research at this field.","Sarrera eta helburuak: Gaur egungo krisi ekonomikoak herrialde batzuei gastu sozialaren murrizketa oinartzen diren politikak plantarazi dizkie bere zorrei aurre egiteko. Gobernu batzuek ezarri dituzten herstura politikekin batera atzerapen ekonomikoaren ondorioek gehitze bat eragingo dezakete sozial desberdintasunetan, biztanleen osasun publikoren okerrera egitera intengo litzateke. Berrikuste sistematiko honen helburua suizidioen kasuetan aldaketak izan badira ezagutzea da gaur egongo krisi ekonomikoarengatik, erreskate finantzario bateko objetuak izan diren herrialdeetan (Grezia, Espainia, Irlanda, Portugal eta Zipre) esandako krisiren hasieratik, 2008ko urtean. Halaber, kausa berberarengatik buruzko gaitzen eta alkoholismoaren kasuetan gehitzak izan badira balioztatu nahi izaten da.
Metodologia: PRISMA xedapenetan oinartzen den berrikuste sistematikoa. Bilaketa protokolo bat landu zen 5 datu-basetan erabiltzeko (Medline, Scopus, WOS, IBECS eta CINAHL) eta 1/1/2005 – 31/12/2014en bitartean argitaratu ziren behaketa-ikerketak hausnartu ziren. 
Emaitzak: 16 behaketa-ikerketak hautatu ziren, VI - VII (erregular – baxu) kalitatezko ebidentzia mailekin. Ikerketa gehienetan gehitze bat suizidioetan behatu zen krisi ekomikoari lotutako, 3 ikerketak izan ezik, bertan ez ziren nabarmendu aldaketarik suizidio tasetan krisi urteen bitartean. Artikulu guztiek, bat izan ezik, buruzko gaitzen hondatzea baten izatea ondorioztatu zuten, depresio kasuetan gehitzak nagusiki hartu. Beste aldetatik, emaitzak ez ziren erabakigarriak alkoholismoari buruz.
Ondorioak: Orokorrean krisia eta suizidioak eta buruzko gaitzen hondatzea arteko harremana bat behatzen da; hala ere, arlo honetan ikerketa gehiago egitea beharrezkoa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14297,2015-01-28,"Everything we could imagine, whatever real or abstract, exists once it has a physical support. Our unsustainable society has its roots on the boundless exploitation of the natural resources used to satisfy our present needs, what leads to a future decrease on their availability. This happens because the matter and energy flows and their participants are altered.
The waybill towards being sustainable is to, on the one side, stimulate a change on society´s conscience and at the same time, promote sustainable technical solutions. This change is a joint performance and needs every human being to participate in order to have any hope of having success.
Cities, from an ecological view, are black holes. They are not just what they are, but also what they need to maintain themselves in the way they are. The ecological urban planning tries to combine urban and sustainable concepts, it is determined to create areas where the human settlements are favorable and have as little negative repercussion on their environment as possible. Energy, construction materials, water, waste, green areas, community and laws are some of the fields where the urban planning may act to achieve it.
We, the human beings, have our destiny in our hands. Results come as a consequence of acts. Whatever it happens, it will be because our decisions have been chosen to happen so.","Imajina dezakeegun edozer, bai erreala bai abstraktua, behin oinarri fisikoa duenean existitu egiten da. Ez-jasangarritasunaren jatorria, naturak eskeinatako errekurtsoen erabilpen neurrigabea da, honek etorkizunean errekurtsoen falta dakarrelako.; energia eta materiaren fluxu eta haietan parte hartzen duten agenteen eraldaketak direla medio.
Jasangarritasuna lortzeko bidean, alde batetik, gure gizartearen pentsakera aldaketa bultzatu behar da eta aldiberean, jasangarri diren erantzun teknikoak eman behar dira. Aldaketa hau guztion artean bultzatu behar dugu arrakasta izateko itxaropena izatea nahi izanez gero.
Ikuspuntu ekologiko batetik, hiriak zulo beltzak dira, eta direna ez ezik, diren eran mantentzeko behar dutena ere badira. Hiri plangintza ekologikoak, hirigintza eta jasangarritasuna bateratzen saiatzen da, izan ere bere helburua giza kokaleku positiboak, ahalik eta ingurunerako arazo gutxien eraginda sortzea da. Horrelakoak lortzeko, energía, erikitze materialak, ura, zaborra, leku berdeak, komunitatea eta legeak izango dira, besteak beste, plangintza jasangarriaren lan esparruak.
Gizakiok gure etorkizunaren agintari bakarrak gara. Emaitzak egindakoaren ondorio baino ez dira. Beraz, etorkizunean gertatzen dena gertatzen dela, guk hala erabaki izan dugulako izango da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23168,2017-07,"The aim of this document is to develop a series of control strategies to implement in a humanoid robot, which will take part in the national robotics competition CEABOT 2017 that will take place in Oviedo in September. The challenges to be passed will be analysed and the resources available will be accounted for, both human and material ones, in order to design a set of strategies that will improve the strength and speed of the robot. Those strategies will be developed, and once they’re finished, they will be implemented in the robot’s controller and tested in simulations so that any possible fault can be detected and solved and the robot can be improved.","Lan honen helburua giza itxurako robot baterako kontrol estrategiak garatzea eta inplementatzea da, CEABOT 2017 robotika nazio-lehiaketan parte hartzeko, Oviedon gertatuko dena Irailean. Lehiaketan gainditu beharreko frogak aztertuko dira, eta eskugarri dauden baliabideak zenbatuko dira, bai giza baliabideak bai materiazkoak, robotari indar eta abiadura gehiago ematen dioten estrategiak diseinatzeko. Estrategia horiek garatuta daudenean, robotaren kontroladorean inplementatuko dira eta hauek balioztatzeko frogak egingo dira, akatsak aurkitzeko eta zuzentzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58698,2022-12-09,"Illegal immigration is a phenomenon that affects most countries around the globe, one of the main affected being Spain. This is
one of the first 20 countries in the world with the highest irregular migration, which forces it to take measures to stop and control
this situation. One of these measures is regularization, a practice used in different countries, including the European Union. This
paper analyzes the concept of regularization process, along with exposing the concept of irregularity and its consequences. The
applicable legal regime and various practical experiences that have been carried out on different continents, Spain included, are
also analyzed. Finally, reference is made to the popular legislative proposal carried out by the RegularizaciónYa movement, which
proposes an immediate extraordinary regularization in the Spanish state.","Legez kanpoko immigrazioa munduko herrialde gehienei eragiten dien fenomenoa da, Espainia kaltetuenetako bat izanik.
Migrazio irregular handiena duen munduko lehen 20 herrialdeetako bat da, egoera horrek hau geldiarazteko eta kontrolatzeko
neurriak hartzeko beharra ekartzen diolarik. Neurri horietako bat erregularizazioa da,i hainbat herrialdetan erabiltzen den
praktika, Europar Batasunean kasu. Lan honek erregularizazio-prozesuaren kontzeptua aztertzen du, irregulartasunaren
kontzeptua eta horren ondorioak azaltzearekin batera. Horrez gain, aplikatu beharreko araubide juridikoa eta kontinente
desberdinetan (Espainia barne) egin diren hainbat esperientzia praktiko aztertzen dira. Azkenik, RegularizaciónYa mugimenduak
bultztautako legegintzako herri-proposamena aipatzen da, estatu espainiarrean berehala aparteko erregularizazioa egitea
proposatzen duena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/13996,2015-01-16,"During the present document a diagnosis of the emotional needs of children aged 6 to 12, who attended the Therapy and Education Centre based in Ortuella, has been conducted. Regarding the analysis methodology, two different techniques have been employed: active observation among the various environments in which the participants developed as well as interviewing with each professional at the center. The analysis was aimed to identify the emotional deprivations of the patients, who require more educational attention. Furthermore, a proposal for intervention was designed, primarily focused on developing emotional competences through dramatization activities.","Hurrengo GrAL -ean Ortuellako hezkuntza terapeutikoko zentrora joaten diren buruko arazo larriak dauzkaten 6 eta 12 urte bitarteko gazteen betebeharrak eta hauen emozio desoreka diagnostikoa egin da. Metodologia analisian bi teknika erabili egin dira: Erabiltzaileak eremu desberdinetan nola moldatzen diren behaketa parte hartzailea eta erakundeko profesionalei elkarrizketak eginez. Azterketa honen helburua hezkuntza arrera gehien behar duten erabiltzaileen emozio gabezia antzematea izan da. Honetaz gain, parte-hartze proposamena egin da, zein bere funtsezko ideia gaitasun emozionalak garatzea den antzerki-tasunaren bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26309,1994-12,"Concern is expressed towards the defense of fundamental rights and it is considered indispensable to introduce a popular culture in which the protection of human rights appears as something essential, keeping in mind the principles of proportionality and legality when applaying this rights in trial.","Oinarrizko eskubideen gerizapenagatik ardura adierazten da eta ezinbestekoa uste izaten da herri kultur bat sartzea, zeinean giza eskubideen gerizapena funtsezkoa izan dadin, proportzionaltasun eta legetasunaren oinarriak kontutan izanez beti justiziaren aurrean eskubide hauek balioerazteko unean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58403,2022-06-27,"The institution of reservations is a mechanism used by States to modify or exclude a provision of a treaty, based on the principle of State sovereignty, which allows them to establish their own limits with regard to the obligations imposed. Given the specificity of human rights and their fundamental and essential nature, it is questionable whether reservations in this area are regulated in the same way as in other multilateral treaties. For this reason, reservations to human rights treaties have been and continue to be the subject of controversy and long debates, calling into question the need for unity or fragmentation of the regime, as well as the importance of the universality or integrity of the instruments that protect these rights.","Erreserben instituzioa Estatuek itun baten xedapen bat aldatzeko edo baztertzeko erabiltzen duten mekanismoa da, Estatuaren subiranotasunaren printzipioan oinarrituta, eta, horrela, ezarritako betebeharretan beren mugak ezartzeko aukera izanik. Giza eskubideen berezko espezifikotasuna eta horien funtsezko izaera kontuan hartuta, eztabaidagarria da eremu horretako erreserbak gainerako itun multilateraletan bezala erregulatzea. Horregatik, giza eskubideen itunei egindako erreserbek eztabaida luzeak izan eta izaten jarraitzen dute, zalantzan jarriz erregimenaren batasunaren edo zatiketaren beharra, bai eta eskubide horiek babesten dituzten tresnen unibertsaltasunaren edo osotasunaren garrantzia ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25001,2007,"Due to the characteristics of the computer services this way of communication constitutes a perfect way to commit very different offences, being very difficult to determine the responsible and the place where the crime was committed and, therefore, the competent jurisdictions. On the other hand, the special working environment of computer systems and the problems of titularity definition have also a big influence in order to the attribution of responsibility for the crimes committed through computer systems or against them. Thus, the essential problem lies in determining the penal responsibility of participants, and clarifying the responsibility of the services intermediaries.","Informatikak berezitasun batzu baditu, eta honek delito mota asko burutzeko egoki bihurtzen du, zaila izanik nor izan den jakitea eta delitua non egin den jakitea ere, eta zaila de epaitzeko konpetentzia nork duen azaltzea. Informatika sistemen funtzionamendu bereziak eta titulartasun arazoak, sistema hauen bidez edo hauen kontra burututako delituen erantzukizunaren eskurantza baldintzatzen dute. Parte hartu dutenen erantzukizun juridiko-penala zehaztean dago gakoa. Kontutan hartu behar da, baita ere, nori egotzi diezaiokegun debekatutako ekintza, eta nortzu diran ekintza hauek erraztu dituztenak eta zerbitzu hauen bitartekarien erantzukizuna zein den ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63113,2023-06-09,"The legislative evolution of LGBT rights and especially trans rights has been remarkable in both Spain and Scotland. Both places
have introduced legislative changes that remove barriers to changing gender and contribute to depathologisation and equal rights.
These are a major legislative revolution and an achievement for trans and LGBT people in general. One of the strong points of
both legal changes is the elimination of the medical or surgical requirement for gender reassignment, as well as the inclusion of
other measures to protect both the collective itself and the legal texts. Both legal texts have been key for the LGBT community
and have been recognised nationally and internationally as a breakthrough in human rights.","LGTB eskubideen garapen arauetan, batez ere trans-identitateko eskubideen garapenean, nabarmentezina izan da Espainiako eta
Eskoziakoetan. Bi leku horiek aldatzea legislatiboa sartu dute, genero aldaketa-barrerak kentzen dituztenak, despatologizazioa eta
eskubide berberen arteko berdintasuna sustatzen dute. Hauek aldaketa legislatibo handiak dira eta trans kolektiboa eta LGTB
kolektiboa orokorrean hainbat irabazitakoak dituzte. Aldaketa legal horietako bi punturik garrantzitsuenak, genero berridatzeko
medikuen edo kirurgikoen eskakizunak kenduak izatea eta kolektiboa babesteko beste neurri batzuk sartzea dira, baita bere legetestuen
babesa ere. Bi testu legal horiek LGTB komunitatearentzat garrantzitsiak izan dira eta nazioartean eta nazioarteko giza
eskubideetan aurrera egiteko oso ekintza garrantzitsia izan dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63080,2023-06-08,"Prostitution is a highly controversial phenomenon that for centuries has been part of the social, political and judicial debate in
history. Currently, some European Union states have implemented policies that have allowed its regularisation, so that in
countries such as the Netherlands prostitution is considered a legal profession, while Sweden is in favour of its illegalisation.
However, the debate on the legalisation of prostitution continues in countries such as Spain, where the question remains as to
whether it is possible to consider this phenomenon as a source of income, granting labour rights to sex workers. The analysis of
the negative consequences that are part of prostitution, together with the possible arguments for and against the legalisation of
prostitution, will allow us to make a decision on the matter.","Prostituzioa oso fenomeno eztabaidagarria da, mendeetan zehar historiaren eztabaida sozial, politiko eta judizialaren parte izan
dena. Gaur egun, Europar Batasuneko estatu batzuek erregularizazioa ahalbidetu duten politikak ezarri dituzte, eta, beraz,
Holandan, esaterako, prostituzioa legezko ogibidetzat hartzen da; Suediak, berriz, legez kanpo uztearen alde egiten du. Hala ere,
prostituzioa legeztatzeari buruzko eztabaidak aurrera jarraitzen du zenbait herrialdetan, hala nola Espainian, non zalantzan jartzen
da, sexu-langileei lan-eskubideak emanez, posible ote den fenomeno hori diru-iturritzat hartzea. Prostituzioa osatzen duten
ondorio negatiboen azterketak eta ariketa hori legeztatzearen aldeko eta kontrako balizko argudioek aukera emango digute horri
buruzko erabaki bat hartzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28067,2013,"This paper presents the state of the art of wood charcoal analyses carried out from six Mesolithic
archaeological sites in Portugal. Summarized data allows observing the presence or absence of
wood species in some Mesolithic Portuguese settlements. Data from six sites are here synthesized.
Pine wood is clearly the most frequent taxa in almost all archaeological contexts. Quercus wood is
also important, especially in Buraca Grande, Povoado da Gaspeia and S. Julião. Other minor taxa appear
in Cabeço da Amoreira, Buraca Grande and S. Julião, but with more representation in the latter.","Artikulu honek Portugaleko garai Mesolitikoaren testuinguru arkeologikoetan egindako analisi antrakologien egoera aurkezten du eta hauek dituzten emaitzak eta arazo nagusiak ere. Ikerketa antrakologikoek emandako datuen laburpenaren bidez, Portugaleko testuinguru Mesolitikoen zurezko
landareen agerpena edo gabezia ikusi daiteke. Sei aztarnategiko datuak aurkezten dira hemen. Pinua taxa ohikoena da argi eta garbi ia testuinguru arkeologiko guztietan. Quercus ere garrantzitsua
da, batez ere Buraca Grande-n, Povoado da Gaspeia-n eta S. Julião-n. Hain ohikoak ez diren beste
taxa batzuk ere agertzen dira Cabeço da Amoreira-n, Buraca Grande-n eta S. Julião-n; azken bi hauetan
adierazpen handiagoarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37078,2019-12-19,"Given the need to redesign the infrastructure of SATEC’s branch office, this project aims to establish the requirements to improve the performance of the applications and services supported by the network. In order to do this, a study of the current situation is developed to analyze the most important performance problems caused by the insufficient quality of the current services of the office. Based on the results of this analysis, an opinion is developed on the needs and requirements of the applications and services, which will serve as the basis for the definition of the specifications for the redesign of the network infrastructure.","SATEC enpresaren sare korporatiboaren azpiegitura berriro diseinatu beharra kontuan hartuta, proiektu honek aplikazioen eta zerbitzuen errendimendua hobetzeko errekerimenduak ezarri nahi ditu. Horretarako, gaur egungo egoeraren inguruko ikasketa bat garatu da, Bilboko bulegoetako egungo zerbitzuen kalitate  gabeziaren ondorioz, funtzionamendu-arazo garrantzitsuenak aztertzeko. Analisi honen emaitzen arabera, aplikazioen eta zerbitzuen beharren eta errekerimenduen inguruko irizpena garatzen da, sareko azpiegituraren diseinua zehazteko oinarria."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37160,2019-12-20,"The goal of this project is to develop a contactless power transfer system with a
split transformer for underwater robot battery charging. This proposition intends
to implement an initial prototype to analyse the viability of future projects that
will focus on the system energetic efficiency at scale.
This new approach would involve great improvements in the field. The fact that robots
would not have to be taken out from the water and brought to charge would imply
important resource savings, enlarging their lifespan and improving the security and
efficiency of the state of the art technology.","Proiektu honen funtsa ur azpiko aplikazioetan lan egiten duten robotak uretan bertan kargatu ahal izateko zatitutako transformadore bidezko energia transferentzia sistema bat garatzea da. Lan honen bitartez hasierako prototipo bat eraiki nahi da, efizientzia energetikoan sakonduko luketen eskala handiagoan eginiko etorkizuneko proiektuak bideragarriak izan daitezkeen aztertzeko.
Berrikuntza honek hobekuntza ugari ekar ditzake arlo honetan, robot hauek karga gune batera eramateko uretatik atera behar ez izanak, baliabide askoren aurreztea, roboten bizitza erabilgarria luzatzea eta teknologia seguru eta efiziente baten inplementazioa suposatuko bailuke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75430,2025-11-05,"This Master's Final Project focuses on the validation of the finite element software XipeTotec for the simulation of welding processes applied to the aerospace sector. The project includes a theoretical overview of the main welding techniques used in the industry, as well as the fundamentals of numerical modeling associated with these processes, with special emphasis on nonlinear aspects of finite element analysis, including both material behavior (isotropic and kinematic hardening) and geometric nonlinearities. Based on this theoretical foundation, a range of simulations has been carried out, from basic test cases to complex industrial models, with results compared against commercial software such as Ansys. The outcomes have been satisfactory, confirming the software’s capability to accurately predict deformations, stresses, and distortions. Finally, several improvement proposals are presented to enhance the usability and robustness of the code in demanding industrial environments.","Master amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia XipeTotec elementu finituen softwarea baliozkotzea da, aeronautikaren sektorean aplikatutako soldadura-prozesuak simulatzeko. Proiektuak industria aeroespazialean erabiltzen diren soldadura-prozesu nagusien berrikuspen teorikoa jasotzen du, bai eta prozesu horiei lotutako zenbakizko modelizazioaren oinarriena ere, arreta berezia eskainiz elementu finituen araberako analisiaren alderdi ez-linealei, bai materialaren portaeran, bai ez-linealtasun geometrikoetan. Oinarri teoriko horren ondoren, hainbat simulazio-kasu garatu dira, adibide sinpleetatik hasi eta industria-eredu konplexuetaraino, emaitzak merkataritza-softwarearekin alderatuta, hala nola Ansys. Emaitzak onak izan dira, eta kodeak deformazioak, tentsioak eta distortsioak zehaztasunez aurreikusteko duen gaitasuna berretsi da. Azkenik, hobekuntza funtzionalak proposatzen dira, industria-ingurune zorrotzetan softwarearen erabilgarritasuna eta sendotasuna optimizatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26221,1994-12,"After an analysis of the integration policy and the present situation regarding foreigners in Belgium, the problem of legal and illegal foreigners in prison is studied through the examination of the evolution of the recent penitentiary population figures. Their presence in prison is interpreted as an indicator of lack of integration or as a proof of particular social control.","Belgikan dauden azterritarren gaur egungo egoerari eta integraziorako politikari buruzko azterketa bat egin ondoren, azken urteotako penitentziari bilakaeraren zenbaketa ikerketaren bidez, penitentziari biztanlego barruan atzerritarren eta legez-kontrako pertsonen arazoa aztertzen da, presondegian egotaldi hau integrazio gabeziaren indikatzaile bezala edo gizarte-kontrolaren interes berezi baten proba bezala adieraziz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69694,2024-10-04,"This thesis examines the use of artificial intelligence in the criminal process, addressing the problems associated with the use of these systems, such as bias, lack of transparency and explainability, and the violation of fundamental rights. The different applications of these intelligent systems are analyzed, in particular, risk assessment systems and systems related to the use of biometric data, specifically those using facial recognition. In addition, the recent regulations applicable to the subject are analyzed, explaining on which occasions the use of these new technologies is permitted and which are not, in relation to criminal proceedings. Two real cases are also added in which the use of these systems is explained in a paradigmatic way. Finally, the importance of ensuring fairness and the protection of individual rights in the use of artificial intelligence in the criminal legal field is emphasized.","Gradu amaierako lan honek prozesu penalean adimen artifizialaren erabilera aztertzen du, sistema horien erabilerak dakartzan arazoei aurre eginez, hala nola, alborapenak, gardentasun eta azalgarritasun falta eta oinarrizko eskubideeen urraketa. Sistema adimentsu horien aplikazio desberdinak aztertzen dira, zehazki, arriskuak ebaluatzeko sistemak eta datu biometrikoen erabilerarekin lotutako sistemas, zehazki, aurpegi-ezagutza erabiltzen dutenak. Gainera, gaiari
aplikatzen zaion azken araudia aztertzen da, teknologia berri horiek prozedura penaletan erabiltzea noiz onartzen den eta noiz ez. Era berean, bi kasu erreal gehitzen dira zeinetan sistema horien erabilera modu paradigmatikoan azaltzen den. Azkenik, arlo juridiko penalean adimen artifiziala erabiltzean ekitatea bermatzearen eta eskubide indibidualen babesaren garrantzia azpimarratzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14359,2015-02-06,"In this paper an analysis of the aspects that must be contemplated when it comes to make a mechanical biological treatment plant will be performed. Attached to the description of the process, it will be a study of the treatment of odors that will be generated on this site. Various alternatives will be analyzed, either watching the various teams that may be involved in the mechanical treatment and the different possibilities in the biological treatment. In addition, it will be also estimated the environmental and economic advantages of the proposed method, as a way of justification for these facilities.Furthermore, it will be held a preliminary study for the construction of a plant designed to treat the waste generated by a given community.","Lan honetan tratamendu mekaniko-biologikoko instalazio bat egiteko kontuan hartu behar diren elementuen azterketa egingo da. Prozesuaren deskribapenarekin batera, gunean sortutako usainen tratamenduak ikertuko dira. Gainera, prozesua osatzeko dauden hainbat alternatiba aztertuko dira, alde batetik tratamendu mekanikoan aurkitu daitezkeen makina ezberdinak eta bestetik tratamendu biologiko barruan daudenak. Instalazio hau justifikatzen duten abantailak ikusiko dira, bereiziki ekonomikoak eta ingurumenarekin erlazionatuta daudenak. Amaitzeko, komunitate jakin batean sortutako hondakinak tratatzeko behar den instalazio baten aurretiazko azterketa bat egingo da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27291,1997,"Race problem is present in Europe, but other encouragin parameters of solidarity and humna hospitality are open too. In our contemporany word we observe a whole series of events apparenty contradictory and disconnected, for instance globalization and retribalization. The way of tolerance and cultural pluralism is difficult and hard, but we must to go towards an universal community.",": Europan agerian dago arrazakeriaren arazoa. Horren aurrean, gizakien arteko elkartasuna eta abegitasuna bultzatzen duten beste koordenada batzuk irekitzen dira. Gaur egungo munduan, itxuraz elkarren artean kontrajarrita dauden fenomenoak ikusten dira, globalizazioa eta tribalizazioaren indarberritzea, besteak beste. Tolerantziaren eta aniztasunaren bidea zaila eta konplexua da, baina behar-beharrezkoa da mundua hartuko duen komunitatea lortzeko bidea egitea"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20316,2017-01-12,"The aim of this project is to statistically characterize the propagation of mobile signals of the LTE technology from a measurements made on working channels. This project will be developed in a particular place locate near Enekuri mountain (Bizkaia), where the transmission characteristics of the eNodoB located in the tower of the Nuestra Señora de Fátima church are known, provided by the network operator. The signals levels measurements have been made accesing the information that the enodoB sent to the smartphones used as receiving devices. The measurements were analyzed and studied with multivariate statistical analysis techniques for characterization and use them later in the development of statistical prediction models. Finally, it have been studied the correlation between the measurements and the main propagation models in use.","Proiektu honen helburu nagusia LTE teknologiako mugikor seinaleen karakterizazioa estatistikoa lortzea da, kanal operatiboetan lortutako neurrietan oinarrituz. Proiektu hau leku zehatz batean garatuko da, Enekuri mendiaren inguruneetan (Bizkaia), non Nuestra Señora de Fatimaren dorrean dagoen eNodoB-aren transmisio ezaugarriak ezagunak diren, sare-operadoreak emanda. Seinale mailaren neurriak eNodoB-ak smartphone bati hartze-gailu bezala erabilita bidalitako informazioan lortu da. Lortutako neurri horiek aztertuak eta ikertuak izan dira aldagai anitzeko analisi baten bitartez haren karakterizazioa lortzeko eta geroago propagazio ereduen garapenean erabiltzeko. Azkenik, neurrien eta gaur egun erabiltzen diren propagazio ereduen arteko korrelazioa ikertu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47004,2020-10-19,"This work reviews turbine operation data of the Mutriku Wave Power Plant from the 2018 to 2019 period. The wave farm consists of 16 oscillating water column devices each one with 18,5 kW installed power. Every turbine is equipped with sensors in order to track its performance by recording operation parameters such as: pressure, power, rotational speed etcetera. Out of all the parameters, this work analyzes pressure in the air chamber, opening angle of the damper, generator output power and rotational speed of the turbine.
The effect of seasonality is observed on the variables, as well as the effect of the location of each one of the turbines on the wave farm. Moreover, with wave parameters recorded by the Bilbao-Bizkaia buoy, the lagged correlation between wave energy flux and power generation has been confirmed.
Researching the performance of the Mutriku Wave Power Plant, the only one in the world connected to the grid and permanently providing electricity, enables the characterization of the variability of electricity supply in order to improve its forecasting. It also helps estimate the actual wave energy exploitation.
These investigations are necessary to promote the development of wave energy conversion technologies, which are still on pre-commercial stage.","Lan honetan Mutrikuko olatu plantako turbinen funtzionamendu datuak, 2018-2019 denbora tartean, aztertu dira. Olatu plantak ur-zutabe oszilatzailearen teknologia erabiltzen duten 16 gailu ditu, bakoitzak 18,5 kW potentzia instalatu-duna. Turbina guztiek funtzionamendu parametroak erregistratzen duten sentsoreak dituzte, besteak beste: presioa, potentzia, errotazio abiadura eta abar. Guztienetik, lan honetan kameraren presioa, balbularen zabaltze gradua, sortutako potentzia elektrikoa eta turbinaren errotazio abiadura ikertu dira.
Sasoien eragina aldagaietan frogatu da, baita turbinen kokapenak plantan duena ere. Gainera, Bilbao-Bizkaia buiak erregistratzen dituen olatuen parametroekin, sortutako potentzia eta olatu fluxu energiaren arteko korrelazio atzeratua egiaztatu da.
Mutrikuko olatu plantaren funtzionamendua ikertzeari esker, munduko bakarra sare elektrikora konektatuta eta etengabean energia sortzen, elektrizitate-horniduraren aldakortasuna karakterizatu ahal da eta honekin energia elektrikoaren sorkuntza aurreikusketak hobetu. Horrez gain, olatu baliabideen ustiapen erreala balioztatu ahal izan da.
Azterlan hauek beharrezkoak dira olatu energiaren teknologien garapena sustatzeko, oraindik garai aurre-komertzialan daude eta."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23147,2017-07,"This End-of-Degree Project is the Energy Audit Report carried out in a Pharmaceutical Firm (hereinafter Pharmaceutical), this is a pharmaceutical lab focused on new medicines development. An energy audit has been undertaken following the current UNE-EN 16.247 auditing regulations, been proposed different improvements with their corresponding economic assessment.
The audit scope can be summed up in the following steps:
• Visit of the facilities.
• Data capture.
• Taking of measurements.
• Costing and energy accounting.
• Proposed energy equipment offer request.
• Final report drafting.
• Work presentation to the client.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau enpresa farmazeutiko (hemendik aurrera Farmazeutikoa) bati egindako ikuskaritza energetiko txostena da. Botika berriak ikertzen dihardun laborategi farmazeutiko bati buruzkoa da. Ikuskaritza energetikoa indarrean dauden arauen arabera UNE-EN 16.247 egin da, hobekuntza desberdinak proposatzen eta hobekuntza bakoitzari dagozkion analisi ekonomikoa egiten.
Ikuskaritza honen irispidea hurrengo puntuetan laburtzen da:
• Instalazioak bisita egitea
• Datuak hartzea
• Neurketak egitea
• Kalkulu energetikoak eta ekonomikoak.
• Proposatzeko diren ekipamendu energetikoen eskaintzen eskaera.
• Amaierako txostena idaztea.
• Bezeroari lana aurkeztea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52139,2021-06-30,"The current study has been focused on the inclusion of disabled people by means of fighting sports. As a first step, a literature review has been performed regarding concepts of inclusion and fighting sports for enabling the reader to understand the scheme of the study. A Taekwondo-based planning has been designed for people suffering Down syndrome, from which the major benefits provided by this particular sport have been analysed not only in a sportive scope, but also in a social scheme.","Lan hau borroka-kirolen bitartez desgaitasunak dituzten pertsonen inklusioan oinarritu da. Lehenik, borroka-kirolei nahiz inklusioari buruzko kontzeptu ezberdinen informazioa bildu egin da irakurlea kokatzeko beharrean. Hori eta gero, Taekwondoko programazio bat planifikatu egin da Down sindromea duten pertsonentzat eta, aldi berean, kirola eremuan zein gizartean onura nagusienak zeintzuk diren ikertu egin da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24325,2014,"The development of privacy-enhancing  technologies as the path to anonymity is a topic  
increasingly present in international laws. What is currently discussed, and here arises, is the need of criminal laws to provome, in advance and with preventive intervention, actions that compel such technologies.","Anonimatua bermatzeko bidean pribatutasuna babestuko duten teknologiak garatzeko aukera 
gero eta maizago ageri da nazioarteko legedietan. Gaur egun eztabaidatzen dena zera da, beharrezkoa ote den zigorrak ezartzea modu prebentiboan eta aurretiaz sustatzeko teknologia horiek nahitaezko bilakatuko dituzten ekintzak. eztabaidagai hori aztertzen da hemen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59992,2023-02-20,"Over the years, cases of bullying have been increasing and intensifying in schools. Therefore, the present work is aimed to investigate the ways of prevention and intervention that teachers in the Basque Country have about the phenomenon. For this purpose, two different questionnaires were conducted; while the first one was composed of 18 closed questions, the second one was constituted by 8 open questions. Once the results obtained were analyzed, it can be concluded that there is a lack of training among teachers, even among those who have taken complementary courses on the subject.","Urteak igaro ahala, bullying kasuak areagotuz eta biziagotuz joan dira eskoletan. Horregatik, lan honen bidez, Euskadiko irakasleek fenomenoari buruz dituzten prebentzio- eta esku-hartze moduak ikertu nahi dira. Horretarako, bi galdetegi desberdin burutu egin dira; lehenengoa 18 galdera itxiz osatua, eta bigarrena, berriz, 8 galdera irekiz. Lortutako emaitzak aztertu ondoren, irakasleek behar beste prestakuntzarik ez dutela ondorioztatu da, ezta gaiari buruzko ikastaro osagarriak egin dituzten pertsonek ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37159,2019-12-20,"Abstract: this work comprises the development and implementation of 34 electronic projects
based on 34 electronic projects based on the myRIO-1900 card from National
Instruments. Each project consisted of the following stages: testing and programming
phase, assembly of the components on the protoboard and connection to the myRIO card,
commissioning and testing of the same and project documentation to be incorporated on
the website. These projects, incorporated into the website, are geared towards student learning and
practice and provide an attractive approach for learning about control, mechatronics
research and designing imaginative final projects.","Laburpena: gradu amaierako lan honetan National Instruments myRIO-1900 txartelean
oinarritutako 34 proiektu elektronikoen garapena eta inplementazioa aztertu da. Proiektu
bakoitza hurrengo atalez osatuta dago: froga fasea eta programazioa, protoboard gaineko
muntaketa eta myRIO txartelarekin konexioak, martxan jartzea eta proiektuaren
dokumentazioa web orrialde batean txertatzeko.
Web orrialdean txertatutako proiektu hauek, ikasleen ikasketarako eta praktikarako
bideratuta daude. Kontrola ikasteko, mekatronika arloa ikertzeko eta irudimenezko
proiektu finalak diseinatzeko ikuspegi erakargarria eskaintzen dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18678,2016-07-21,"In the work presented in following pages, my intention is to study the Social Skills of students in Physical Education classes. In order to do so, I have diagnosed the Social Skills of two grades (1st and 5th) and have compared the results of both grades. In order to accomplish my purpose, after learning from different authors and taking into account what they said, I have created, recorded and observed situations that I considered useful for my study; then, I have reflected on those situations and have drawn some conclusions.
The study has been carried out according to the book of Ines Monjas and De La Paz (1996). In the results of the study, I have explained and compared the behaviour presented by both grade regarding the skills that correspond to social interaction, friendship, conversation, and to express feelings, emotions and opinions. Consequently, I have concluded my work by describing the most notable differences between both grades and I have explained the reasons behind such differences.
At the same time, by carrying out a specific study on the matter, my secondary objective is to praise the important role that Physical Education plays in developing Social Skills","Hurrengo orrialdeetan azaldutako lanean, Gorputz Hezkuntzako saioetan ikusten diren ikasleen Trebetasun Sozialak behatu nahi izan dut. Hau da, bi mailen (LH1 eta LH5) Trebetasun Sozialen diagnosia egin eta ondoren bi mailen arteko alderaketa egin. Horretarako, autore ezberdinek diotena ezagutzeaz eta kontuan hartzeaz gain; behatzeko baliagarriak izan zitezkeen egoerak sortu, grabatu, behatu, horren inguruan hausnartu eta emaitza eta ondorioak atera ditut.
Emaitza eta ondorioak atera ahal izateko beharrezkoa izan den behaketa, Ines Monjas eta De La Pazen liburuan (1996) oinarritua dago. Behaketa horren bidez ateratako emaitzetan interakzio sozial, laguntasun, elkarrizketarako eta sentimendu, emozio eta iritziak gaitasunetan ikusitako maila bakoitzeko jokabideak azaldu eta bi mailen arteko alderaketa egin dut. Jarraian, ondorioen atalean bi mailen artean topatutako alde nabariak deskribatu ditut eta ezberdintasun horien atzean egon daitezkeen arrazoiak azaldu.
Era berean, Trebetasun Sozialen garapenerako Gorputz Hezkuntzak, lan espezifiko bat burutzearen bitartez, duen paper garrantzitsua goraipatzea da lan honen bigarren mailako helburua"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42041,2020-03-10,"This final project analyzes and explains the treatment offered by schools in a divorce situation; the treatment given in an ikastola of the Basque Autonomous Community has been analyzed and qualitative procedures and techniques have been used for this purpose. The topic of divorce, that has a high presence in our society, is studied in depth, indicating the reactions that children have and the scarcity of resources that the educational system has. In the investigation it has been seen that this issue is not worked as often as it should be and in order to give a solution various resources are proposed to be carried out in different schools.","Lan honetan eskolek gurasoen banaketaren aurrean duten esku hartzea aztertzen eta adierazten da; prozedura eta tresna kualitatiboak erabiliz, Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko ikastola batean aipatutako esku hartzea aztertu da. Lan honen bidez, gaur egungo gizartean gero eta ohikoagoa den dibortzio gaian sakondu izan da, haurrek dituzten erreakzioak eta hezkuntza sisteman egon daitezkeen gabeziak adieraziz. Ikerketan, gai honek ohiko gaietan lekurik ez duela erakusten da eta horri irtenbide bat eman nahian, edozein ikastola/eskolatan erabilgarriak izan daitezkeen baliabideak proposatzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24326,2014,"Arthropods found in a corpse can provide crucial information to take out very precisely the 
post-mortem interval of a person (PMI). Therefore, its collection can be vital during expert research. there are several guidelines on the procedures which have to be followed during the inspection and collection of entomological evidences both at the crime scene and during the autopsy to guarantee the reliability and validity of said evidences before a court of law. Lastly, a registration form is attached in order to easily collect further essential information for a correct interpretation of the aforementioned entomological evidences.","Gorpuzkinei lotutako artropodoek funtsezko informazioa eman diezagukete, pertsona bat hil 
denetik igarotako denbora-tartea zehaztasunez kalkulatzeko. Hori dela eta, horiek biltzea funtsezkoa izan 
daiteke adituen ikerketa batean. Gertaerak jazo diren tokian eta autopsian jatorri entomologikoko ebidentziak biltzeko eta aztertzeko erabili behar diren prozedurei buruzko jarraibide batzuk aurkezten dira, bermatu egingo dutenak ebidentzia horiek justizia-auzitegi batek fidagarritzat eta onargarritzat hartzea. Azkenik, erregistro-fitxa bat erantsi da, aukera ematen duena oso erraz biltzeko ebidentzia entomologikoak behar bezala interpretatzeko informazio osagarria."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/59928,2023-02-16,"The air quality is a parameter to be controlled to be able to live in a comfortable place. This paper analyzes the trajectory of aerosols exhaled into the environment in an enclosed space caused by both speech and sneezing. In it, three scenarios are analyzed; without ventilation, with natural ventilation and with mechanical ventilation. To do this, we define a multi-phase computational fluid study based on Eulerian-Lagrangian techniques that takes into account temperature and ambient relative humidity, as well as air velocity and pressure. As for particles evaporation, mass transfer and turbulent dispersion has been added to give credibility to the project. The saliva that the human body generates has been modeled as a saline solution of 8.8 g per 100 ml. The results show that the classroom with a mechanical ventilation system offers good results when it comes to an efficient control of aerosols, compared to a cabin without ventilation or using natural ventilation. The air jet injected into the interior space offers a practically constant relative humidity and a drop in temperature, slowing down the process of evaporation of the particles. The losses generated by natural ventilation are high compared to the other scenarios, making their recommendation almost impossible.","Airearen kalitatea kontrolatu beharreko parametroa da, leku eroso batean bizitzeko. Lan honetan, airean egoten diren aerosolen ibilbidea aztertzen da, hizketak eta doministikuak sortutako eremu itxi batean. Bertan hiru agertoki aztertzen dira: aireztapenik gabe, aireztapen naturalarekin eta aireztapen mekanikoarekin. Horretarako, fluido konputazional multifuntzionalen azterketa bat definitzen da, Eul-Lagrangian-en tekniketan oinarritua, non kontuan hartzen baitira inguruneko tenperatura eta hezetasun erlatiboa, airearen abiadura eta presioa. Partikulei dagokienez, lurruntzea, masa-transferentzia eta sakabanatze zurrunbilotsua gehitu egin dira proiektuari sinesgarritasuna emateko. Giza gorputzak sortzen duen listua 100 ml-ko 8,8 g-ko gatz-soluzio gisa modelatu da. Emaitzak adierazten dute aireztapen mekanikoko instalazioa duen gelak emaitza onak ematen dituela aerosolen kontrol eraginkorra egiteko orduan, aireztatu gabeko gela batekin edo aireztapen naturalarekin alderatuta. Barne-espazioan injektatutako aire-zorrotadak ia konstantea den hezetasun erlatiboa ematen du, eta tenperatura jaitsi egiten da, partikulak lurruntzen mantsotzen. Aireztapen naturalak eragindako galerak handiak dira beste eszenen aldean, eta ia ezinezkoa da gomendatzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16374,2015-12-09,"Pacing strategies have been proposed to occur during continuous cyclical exercise. However, it is not clear if this pacing take place during short maximal exercises. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine if changing the knowledge of endpoint in this type of activities, would affect athletes performance. METHOD: Seven male participants completed the same protocol during three days (8 maximal repetitions with a minute of recovery) where the information they received was changed. The first day participants were told to perform 4 repetitions, but after that, they complete 4 more (deception Trial). The second day they did not know the number of total repetition they would do (Unknown Trial) and they were stopped after the eighth. Finally, the third day they were informed to complete 8 repetitions (Control Trial). RESULTS: Significance differences were found (p>0.05) between Deception and Unknown trials during first four repetitions. CONCLUSION: The results propose that pacing strategy can occur during short repeated-sprint efforts in anticipation of the number of sprints that will be completed in the trial.","Iraupen luzeko kirol ziklikoetan nekea kudeatzeko erabilitako estrategiak faktore determinante bat izan daitekeela frogatu da. Hala ere, iraupen motzeko esfortzu maximoetan ez dago argi fenomeno bera eman daitekeen. Hori dela eta, lan honen helburu nagusia, mota honetako frogetan parte hartzaileen ezagutza maila aldatuz hauen errendimenduan aldakuntzak eman litezkeen aztertzea izan da. METODOA: Gizonezko zazpi bolondres hartu zuten parte hiru egun ezberdinetan burututako protokoloa berean (8 errepikapen maximoak minutu bateko errekuperazioarekin) non emandako informazioa aldatzen joan zen. Honela, lehenengo egunean 4 errepikapen burutuko zituztela esan zitzaien, hauek bukatzean beste 4 bidaliz (Etsipen Froga). Bigarren egunean ez zitzaien esan zenbat errepikapen burutuko zituzten (Suspense Froga) eta behin zortzigarrena eginda gelditu zitzaien. Azkenik, hirugarren egunean 8 errepikapen burutuko zituztela agindu zitzaien (Kontrol Froga). EMAITZAK: Ezberdintasun adierazgarriak (p>0.05) aurkitu ziren lehenengo lau errepikapenen arteko emaitzetan Etsipen eta Suspense frogen artean. KONKLUSIOA: Emaitzei erreparatuz ondorioztatu daiteke iraupen motzeko esfortzu maximoetan, nekearen gestiorako estrategiak aurre hartzen direla burutuko diren errepikapen kopuruaren arabera"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26212,1991,"The autor shows the present need of evaluating how institutions use the assigned recourses, so that he gives two methods of evaluation, P.A.S.S. and M.C.E., he explains them and indicates their advantages and obstacles.","Egileak, erakundeek eskeintzen zaizkien baliakizunak nola erabiltzen dituzten tajutzeko oraingo beharra aurrean, ebaluaketa honako bi jardupide hauek azaltzen dizkigu: P.A.S.S. eta M.C.E. Berak hauen onura eta eragopenak agertu eta adierazten dizkigu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24261,2017-09,"Through this work is intended to create a simple library that includes the necessary blocks so the users can enter the world of robotics and advanced sensoration through the LEGO platform. For this purpose, MATLAB software is used which provides the necessary elements for its development. In the present work are included small practices that serve as starting point in the sensing and proposals so that the user can develop more complex exercises.",Lan honen bidez bloke multzo bat sortu nahi da erabiltzaile berriek robotika eta sentsoreen munduan sarrera erraz bat izan dezaten. Hori lortzeko LEGO eta MATLAB plataformak erabiliko dira elementu sinple eta ulergarriak eskaintzen dituelako. Lan honen barne praktika errazak aurkituko dira sentsoreen funtzionamendua azaltzeko eta ariketa zailagoak proposatzen dira erabiltzaileak kontzeptuak praktikan jar ditzan.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27333,1997,"If racialist reasonings are analysed, their extreme irrationality is obvious. Nevertheless, they are
effectives and that put us under the obligation to know them in orther to design strategies opposite to them.
Racialist reasonings are always rationalizations of domination, so structural model of neutralitation’s
techniques becomes useful to their classification, analysis and refutation.","Arrazakeriaren aldeko diskurtsoak entzutean, azpimarragarria izaten da erabat arrazionalak direla.
Hala ere, diskurtso horiek eragina izaten dute eta, ondorioz, ezagutu egin behar dira, aurre egiteko estrategia
diseinatuko badugu. Arrazakeriaren aldeko diskurtsoak menperatze-arrazionalizazioak dira beti eta,
horrela, sailkapena, analisia eta ihardespena burutzeko, oso erabilgarria da neutralizazio tekniken egitura-eredua"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36588,2019-11-27,"English: The aim of this project consists on the implementation of security mechanisms and the automation of the corporative network. The reason for that is the importance that the corporative network securization has taken in the society. This belong to the increasing number of network users which implies that the network telematics services are increasing and these have to be secured and protected. To get the objectives different solutions will be analyzed in order to find the best solution. Once the solution is chosen, it will be designed a solution based on the project specifications. For that new security equipment will be installed and security mechanisms will be designed. Moreover, a script will be developed which will automatize the creation of security rules.","Euskaraz: Proiektu honen helburua sare korporatibo batean segurtasun mekanismo sendoak inplementatzea  eta sarea automatizatzea da. Proiektu Honen arrazoia automatizazioa eta sare korporatiboen segurtasuna gero eta garrantzi handiago dutela gaur egungo gizartean da, erabiltzaileen kopuruaren igoera dela eta. Ondorioz, zerbitzu telematiko gehiago daude eta zerbitzu hauek automatizatu eta babestu behar dira. Helburuak lortzeko ebazpen posible ezberdinak aztertuko dira, ebazpen hoberena aukeratzeko. Behin ebazpena aukeratuta, proiektuaren espezifikazioetan oinarrituta egongo den ebazpena diseinatuko da. Horretarako, segurtasun mekanismo berriak diseinatuko dira, segurtasun ekipamendu berriak instalatuko dira eta diseinatutako mekanismoak inplementatuko dira. Gainera, programa bat garatuko da sarearen segurtasun arauen sorrera automatizatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72798,2024-06-28,"This work aims to address the headaches of the Spanish Crown in carrying out the conquest of the Indies by following strong religious and moral principles, acting in a manner completely atypical for the time. To do this, we will look linearly at the events that took place in this region, ranging from the creation of figures to govern the daily lives of the people to the extensive, refined, and deeply debated legislation generated under intense discussion in the highest echelons of the royal administration. Finally, we will delve, with the guidance of Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda and Fray Bartolomé de las Casas, into the event that marked a turning point in understanding wars: the Valladolid Debate.","Lan honen bidez, Espainiako Koroaren buruhausteei heldu nahi zaie, Indiak konkistatu zituelako, printzipio erlijioso eta moral sendoei jarraituz, eta garai hartarako guztiz ohiz kanpoko eran jokatu zuelako.
Horretarako, leku honetan eman ziren gertakariak ikusiko ditugu linealki, eguneroko bizitza arautzeko irudiak sortzetik hasi eta administrazio errealeko instantzia gorenetan eztabaida biziaren ondorioz sortutako legeria zabal, araztu eta sakonki eztabaidatuetaraino.
Azkenik, Juan Ginés de Sepúlveda eta Fray Bartolomé de las Casasen eskutik, gerrak ulertzeko lehen eta gero bat markatu zuen gertakarian murgilduko gara, Valladolideko Batzordean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37065,2019-12-19,"Abstract: the project ""Eguzki energia bidezko ur-ponpaketa sistema isolatua Buena Vistan
(Suchitoto, El Salvador)"" – Isolated water pumping system based on solar energy for
Buena Vista (Suchitoto, El Salvador) - has been developed considering the problems that
arise with water and electricity in rural areas of El Salvador, taking into account the
consequences that those issues produce on women. It is a first design, with the intention
of improving it and implementing it in the future. The project aims to present itself as an
empowerment tool for women. In addition, it aims to address the idea of energy
sovereignty from simple renewable energy technologies and appropriate to the context
of a rural area.
This work starts from the relationship between the organisations ADES, Aguasuchi and
ISF Euskal Herria; fruit of the needs that the civil society of El Salvador and ADES detect
for their daily life. In addition to presenting the installation design and information
regarding its dimensioning, to deepen the relationship between Salvadorean women and
water, interviews and researches of women who live and have deepened in this subject
have been included, as well as proposals of participative methodologies.
Finally, we would like to stress that this work has been developed before travelling to
Buena Vista in the Basque Country. For this reason, it has not been possible to deal with
as many aspects as would have been desired.","Laburpena: El Salvadorko landa-eremuetan urarekin eta elektrizitatearekin dauden arazoetatik
abiatuz, eta horiek emakumeengan dituzten eraginak kontuan hartuz, “Eguzki energia
bidezko ur-ponpaketa sistema isolatua Buena Vistan (Suchitoto, El Salvador)” izeneko
proiektua garatu da; hasierako diseinua da, aurrerago hobetu eta etorkizunean
inplementatu nahi dena. Proiektua emakumeen ahalduntzerako tresna gisa aurkeztu nahi
da. Gainera, El Salvadorko landa-eremuari egokitutako ahalik eta teknologia sinpleenak
erabilita, burujabetza energetikoaren ideia zabaldu nahi da, iturri berriztagarriak ardatz
izanik.
Gradu Amaierako Lan hau El Salvadorko ADES, Aguasuchi eta Euskal Herriko MGI
erakundeen hartu emanetik ateratako proposamena da; El Salvadorko jendarte zibilak eta
ADES erakundeak haien egunerokoan detektatutako beharretatik sortua. Instalazioaren
diseinuaren eta dimentsionamenduaren inguruko xehetasunak jasotzeaz gain, El
Salvadorko emakumeen eta uraren harremanean sakontzeko, gaiok bizi edota landu
dituzten norbanako desberdinekin egindako elkarrizketak eta ikerketak, eta metodologia
parte hartzaileak sustatzeko proposamenak biltzen ditu proiektuak.
Azkenik, nabarmendu nahi da lan hau Buena Vistara joan aurretik garatu dela Euskal
Herrian. Hori dela eta, ez ditu nahi beste aspektu bilduko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14344,2015-02-05,"The purpose of the Proyect is to study the current factors affecting the location of economic activities, which are are required to choose the most optimal setting. From there on, the evolution of these traditional factors will be examined, observing that they have changed and now the intangible ones dominate, which are based on sustainability, knowledge and innovation. Due to the complexity they have to be measured, some criteria and indicators will be established, which will try to enable the measurement of the factors and ease its use on location. For this, a method called MIVES will be used.","Aktibitate ekonomiko baten kokapen hobezina aukeratzeko existitzen diren beharrezko lokalizazio-faktoreak ikastea da helburua. Hortik aurrera, faktore tradizional hauek aldatu direla eta orain, berrikuntzan, jakintzan eta iraunkortasunean oinarritutako ukiezinak nabarmenagoak direla ikusiko da. Neurtuak izateko konplexitatea dela medio, bere erabilpena lokalizazioan errazteko, bere neurketa ahalbidetuko duten zenbait adierazle eta kriterio ezartzen saiatuko da. Horretarako, Mives deitutako multikriterio metodo bat erabiliko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23214,2017-07,"Nowadays it is important the industrial automation inside the industry.Thanks to this,the productivity could be improved.Because of this, it will be offered the posibility to do a project that consists in a new design of the automatic cell that is situated in the Department of Systems and Automatic. This new design will be an improvement on the communication (it will be communicated in Profinet, architecture which is compatible with the protocols TCP/IP of Ethernet), a new software design and a HMI design to interact easily with the cell. There will be, also, the posibility of complement future improvements like RFID system or safety systems.","Gaur egungo automatizazio industriala garrantsitsua da industria barruan.Horri esker, productibitatea hobetu daiteke. Hori dela eta, Sistemen eta Automatikako Departamentuko zelulan, diseinu berria egiteko aukera aurkezten da.Diseinu berri honek, komunikazioko (Profineten bidez komunikatuko da, TCP/IP protokoloarekin Ethernet sare barruan konpatiblea den arkitektura), softwareko eta HMI diseinua izango da. Gainera, etorkizuneko hobekuntzak egiteko posibilitatea dago, RFIDko edo segurtasun sistemak bezalakoak, hobetzeko aukera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36562,2019-11-27,"The current market is increasingly competitive and companies have to comply more and more conditions to be able to compete. One of the main objectives of these companies is to satisfy the  expectations  of  the  clients  and  the  different  interest  groups.  For  this  reason,  a  few  years ago,  different  management  systems  were  implanted in companies,  along  with  obtaining various certificates related to it.Through  the  project,  in  addition  to  understanding  the  management  systems  and  quality management systems, the case of the system based on the ISO 9001 and IATF 16949 standards of Zalain Transformed has been analyzed to show the benefits and obstacles it can have in any company of  the  automotive  sector. It  is  a  project  focused  on  the  automotive  sector  in  which the importance of having a quality management system implemented has been analyzed. With  the  case  study,  taking  the  Zalain  Transformados company as  an  example,  it  has  been possible  to  extract  a  series  of  conclusions,  having  previously  gathered  information  and  using the information obtained from the interviews with the company's managers.Of the benefits and obstacles obtained many are remarkable, but one of the most  important, in  addition  to  the  incredible  savings  in  non-quality  costs involved  in  the  implementation  of  a Quality  Management  System,  is  the  good  image  that  the  company  offers  to  the  different groups of interest.","Gaur egungo merkatua gero eta lehiakorragoa da eta enpresek gero eta baldintza gehiago bete behar dituzte lehiatzeko aukera eduki ahal izateko. Enpresa horien helburu nagusienetako bat, bezeroen eta interesdun talde desberdinen betekizunak asebetetzea da. Arrazoi horrengatik, duela urte batzuk, kudeaketa sistema desberdinak ezarri zituzten enpresetan, honekin loturiko zenbait ziurtagiri eskuratuz. 

Proiektuaren bidez, kudeaketa sistemak eta batez ere kalitate kudeaketa sistemak ulertzeaz gain, Zalain Transformados enpresako ISO 9001 eta IATF 16949 arauetan oinarrituriko sistemaren kasua aztertu da, honek edozein automozio sektoreko enpresatan izan ditzakeen onura eta oztopoak erakutsi ahal izateko. Automozio sektorean zentratutako proiektu bat da, bertan kalitate kudeaketa sistemak daukan garrantzia aztertzen duena.

Ikerketa Kasuarekin, Zalain Transformados enpresa adibidetzat hartuz zenbait ondorio ateratzea lortu da, aurretik informazioa eskuratuz eta bertako arduradunekin elkarrizketak mantenduz lortutako informazioa erabiliz. 

Atera diren onura eta oztopoetatik asko dira azpimarragarriak, baina garrantzitsuenetako bat, Kalitate Kudeaketa Sistema bat ezartzeak ez kalitate kostuetan izugarrizko aurrezpenak ekartzeaz gain, enpresari interes-taldeekiko eskaintzen dion irudi ona da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25454,1998,"The Police changes towards the Community Police. The principal objective of this type of Police
is to get a true relationship between the Police and the community to make an end of delinquency and solve
the complex problems of social control. Through the english model (bobby) and the japanese (Koban), some
elements to define Community Police are explained as well as its field of action and the necessary conditions
to a right working.","Poliziaren instituzioa erkidegoaren poliziaruntz bilakatzen ari da. Polizia honen helbururik
garrantzitsuena, delinkuentziarekin amaitu eta kontrol sozialaren arazo konplexuei erantzuteko polizia eta
erkidegoaren artean benetako partenariado bat lortzea da. Adibide inglesa (bobby) eta japonesaren (koban)
bidez, gertuko polizia definitzeko elementu batzuk azaltzen dira, baita zein den bere arloa eta lan on bat egiteko
bete behar dituen baldintzak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62967,2023-07-03,"The Organic Law 5/2000, dated January 12th, regulates the criminal responsibility of underaged people, limiting the area of application of the Penal Code and especially in criminal laws for the commission of acts classified as crimes or offenses. This research ́s aim is to bring about an analysis and criminological inquiry of the evolution of juvenile delinquency in Spain throughout the years 2000 and 2021, based on the information provided by official statistics. Hence, the severity and nature of these attitudes can definitely be clearly distinguished, as well as the main factors that may influence these delinquent behaviors and the possible sanctions that could be imposed on them.","Adingabeen erantzunkizun penala arautzen duen urtarrilaren 12ko 5/2000 Lege Organikoak mugatu egiten du Zigor Kodean eta zigor-lege berezietan delitu edo hutsegite (falta) gisa tipifikatutako egitateak gauzatzeko aplikazio-eremua, baldin eta erantzuleak hamalau urtetik gorakoak eta hemezortzi urtetik beherakoak badira. Lan honekin, eskura dauden estatistika ofizialek emandako informazioaren bidez, Espainiako gazteen delinkuentziak 2000 eta 2021 urteen bitartean izan duen bilakaeraren azterketa eta ikasketa kriminologikoa egin nahi dira. Modu honetan, argi bereizi ahal izango dira jarrera hauen larritasuna eta izaera, baita zeintzuk izan daitezkeen kriminalki erantzuleak diren adingabeen jokabideetan eragina duten faktore nagusiak, bai eta zer zehapen-neurri ezar dakizkiekeen ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28647,2014,"Archaeological Objects tend to be analyzed as a fundamental part of the work of those profesionals
that look out to know how these objects were made, as well as the possible uses they might have had in the past. There are also “heritage” perspectives that stand out the importance of “knowing the past, in order to protect it”; but this latter vision, in many cases, set their starting point under the assumption that these objects only belong to the past, arriving into the present as a sort of legacy. This material culture, thus, breaks into the present following statements derived from a past worthy of being preserved. But, ¿What happens in the present? This, (almost exclusive) affiliation of the archaeological objects to the past, as well as the professional archaeologist possible interpretation about them, rules other possible perspectives out. We wonder, do archaeological objects wield, the only property of evoking the past? These questions will be analyzed through case studies about native material culture in San Juan Province (Argentina).","Objektu arkeologikoak profesionalen ikerketa-lanaren parte dira eta objektu hauek nola egiten ziren
eta iraganean izan zuten erabilpenak aztertzea dute helburu. Bestalde, ondare-ikuspegiek “iragana
ezagutu babestu ahal izateko” garrantzia azpimarratzen dute baina hainbatetan objektu hauek
bakarrik iraganekoak direla eta orainaldian ondare moduan heltzen direla uste izan dute. Horrela,
kultura materiala ezustean sartzen da orainaldian babestua izatea merezi duen iragana dela uste
duten ideietan oinarrituta. Baina, zer gertatzen da orainaldian? Arkeologo edota profesionalen
partetik egiten diren iraganeko objektu arkeologikoen eta bere interpretazio posibleen adskripzio honek (ia baztertzailea dena), kanpoan usten ditu beste ikuspegiak. Beraz, geure buruari galdetzen diogu: objektu arkeologikoek iragana oroitzeko ahalmena baino ez dute? Galdera hauek San Juan probintziako (Argentina) kultura material indigenaren kasu zehatzak aztertzen erantzungo dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29469,2018-10-31,"In  this  work,  the  design  of  an  industrial  plant  is  made  to  valorise 
forest  residues  
energetically. Applying the Rankine cycle by producing electricity. 
For  this,  first  an 
analysis has been made of the posible alternatives of valorisation selecting the most 
suitable  one  .  Second  ,  the  cycle  and  the  main  equipment  that  make  it  up  are 
described. In the third place, the dimensioning of these  has been made with the help 
of thermodynamic calculations  made  with the EES program.
And in fourth place,
the 
problem of combustion emissions it’s studied.
Then,
an economic analysis is made in order to estimate the necessary investment in 
a plant of this 
type.
Lastly,  a  planification  is  presented  ,  cronologically  ordered  ,  to  detailling  the  steps 
that must be
to carry out this installation.","Lan   honetan,   industria-lantegi   baten   diseinua   egiten   da  
baso-hondakinak
balorizatzeko,   elektrizitatearen   ekoizpenaren   bidez
Rankine   zikloa   aplikatuz. 
Horretarako,   lehendabizi
dauden   auker
ak   aztertu   dira 
egokiena   aukeratuz. 
Bigarrenik, 
zikloa  eta
bere
ekipamendu  nagusiak  deskribatzen  dira.  Hirugarrenik, 
ekipo  horien  dimentsioak
EES  programarekin  egindako  kalkulu  termodinamikoen 
laguntzaz. Jarraian, erregai isuriaren arazoak aztertzen dira..
Ondoren,  azterketa  ekonomikoa  egiten  da,  mota  honetako  planta  batean  egin 
beharreko beharrezko inbertsioa kalkulatzeko.
Azkenik,  planifikazio  kronologikoa  aurkezten  da,  instalazio  hau  burutzeko  jarraitu 
beharreko urratsak zehaztuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16327,2015-12-03,"This project intends to establish a working path in order to create a company which will
work on the leisure and tourist sector and will be located in Bizkaia. The company
would offer adventure activities like water skiing, Jet Ski, kayak... To make sure the idea
is profitable the project will entail some general stages: the market analysis, the
marketing plan, the description of the idea and the economical and financial analysis.
Apart of this the project will also contain some guidelines for the creation and
subsequent management of the company, including the planning of human resources.","Proiektu honek, Bizkaian kokatuta egongo den eta aisialdi eta turismo sektorearen
barruan lan egingo duen enpresa berri bat sortzeko urratsak ezartzea du helburu.
Enpresa honek, aisialdi aktiboko aktibitateak eskainiko ditu, hala nola, uretako eskia,
ur motorrak, kayak, … Enpresa-ideia bideragarria den ziurtatzeko, proiektu honek
oinarrizko atal batzuk izango ditu: merkatuaren analisia, marketin plana, enpresaren
eta ideiaren deskribapena eta ikasketa ekonomiko-finantzarioa. Bestalde, proiektu
honek giza baliabideen kudeaketa eta enpresa sortzeko eta geroko enpresaren
antolakuntzarako lagungarri izango diren ideiak ere baditu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75394,2025-11-05,"The purpose of this report is to document the projects completed in the warehouse of a production plant. These projects were conducted during the first quarter of 2025 at Schneider Electric’s Fairfield, Ohio plant, as part of a Warehouse Engineering internship. Their objective is the implementation of new methods as well as the optimization of existing ones. The three main projects are the implementation of a Kanban system for several production lines, the optimization of the warehouse, and the proposal for the implementation of Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs).","Txosten honen helburua ekoizpen-instalazio bateko biltegian burututako proiektuak dokumentatzea da. Proiektu horiek 2025eko lehen hiruhilekoan egin ziren Fairfield-eko Ohio lantegian, Schneider Electric-en, Biltegiko Ingeniaritzako praktika batzuen esparruan. Horien helburua metodo berriak inplementatzea da, baita lehendik daudenak optimizatzea ere. Hiru proiektu nagusiak hauek dira: Kanban sistema bat ezartzea zenbait ekoizpen-lerrotarako, biltegia optimizatzea eta Ibilgailu Gidatu Automatikoa (AGV) ezartzeko proposamena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72801,2024-06-06,"The purpose of this paper is to analyze Carolina’s case and to put forward a legal proposal, the main criterion being which legislative model provides more rights to women in general and to sex workers in particular. First Carolina's case will be presented and some key concepts will be analyzed in the theoretical-critical section. Then the issue of stigma is studied, followed by a description of the different legal models that regulate (or not) prostitution. Finally, a proposal will be made and conclusions will be presented.","Lan honen helburua da Carolinak azaldutako arazoak aztertzea eta proposamen juridiko bat planteatzea, irizpide nagusia izanik zer eredu legegilek ematen dizkien eskubide gehiago emakumeei, oro har, eta sexu-langileei, bereziki. Lehenik eta behin, Carolinaren kasua azalduko da, eta esparru teoriko-kritikoan funtsezkoak diren kontzeptu batzuk aztertuko dira. Gero, estigmaren gairia heltzen zaio eta, aurrerago, prostituzioa arautu edo ez arautzeko eredu juridiko ezberdinak deskribatzen dira. Azkenik, proposamena egin eta ondorioak planteatuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24368,2011,"Although many people have been charged with genocide, the truth is that very few have been sentenced for that crime, because most of them are sentenced for crimes against humanity or war crimes. That is due to the doubts and different interpretations concerning some of the elements that constitute the crime of genocide. In order to clarify them, as well as analyzing the international regulation, the rule contained in article 607 of the Spanish Criminal Code is studied and it s differences in relation to the international rules are highlighted. In the same way, the case law concerning genocide which has been established by the International Criminal Court s and the Spanish tribunals is also studied and compared.","Genozidioan oinarritutako akusazioak asko izan diren arren, esan dezakegu, oraingoz, genozidio-portaerengatik zigortutako pertsonen kopurua txikia dela; genozidioaren ordez, askotan, gizateriaren aurkako krimenak edo gerra-krimenak egozten baitzaizkie askori. Izan ere, genozidioaren tipo penala osatzen duten zenbait elementuren inguruko zalant zak eta interpretazio ezberdinak daude. Horiek argitu nahian, nazioarteko arauketa aztert zeaz gain, espainiar Zigor Kodeko 607. artikuluan jasotako arauketa azaldu eta nazioartekoarekiko dituen ezberdintasunak agerraraziko ditugu. Era berean, Nazioarteko Auzitegi Penalek eta Espainiako Auzitegiek genozidioaren inguruan ezarritako jurisprudentzia aztertu eta alderatuko dugu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36561,2019-11-27,"Abstract: The design of a heat exchanger is needed in order to cool a thermal fluid flow that  is  part  of a electronical device  cooling  system.  Some  of the things  to determinate will be the flow arrangement or the length of the heat exchager depending on the amount of power that will be exchanged. These calculus will be done using the EES software, which is commonly used in these sort of problems. After the design some extra calculations will be done with other values in order to analyze if  the  chosen  option  is  the  optimal  one  or  there  are  some  modifications  that  would improve  the  heat  exchanger,  always  looking  for  the  perfect  balance  between  prize, technical complexity and performance.","Gailu elektronikoen hozketa sistema baten parte den jariakin termiko baten hozketarako bero trukagailu bat diseinatu nahi da. Diseinu prozesuan zehar zehaztu beharko diren hainbat gauzen artean korronteen antolamendua edota bero trukagailuaren luzera daude. Beharrezkoak diren kalkulu guztiak kasu hauetan maiz erabiltzen den EES software-aren laguntzarekin burutuko dira. 
Diseinua burutu eta gero beste kasu batzuk jorratuko dira hartutako erabakiak egokiak diren edo aldaketaren bat egin beharko litzatekeen jakiteko asmoz, betiere prezioaren, zailtasun teknikoaren eta jarduera egokiaren arteko oreka ziurtatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60862,2023-04-21,"Triathlon is a sport that encompasses three sports modalities (swimming, cycling and
running) in a continuous manner. The objective in triathlon is to carry out each modality as
quickly as possible, since the sum of all of them together with the transitions between them, will
determine the final time. Triathletes can find very useful to know the influence of each segment
both, on the rest of the segments and on the final result, to define their training and their racing
tactics for optimal performance. This study, in addition to analyzing the relationship of each
segment with the final time in the races of the different triathlon distances, aimed to analyze
the relationship of the cycling segment with the final time by controlling the time of the
swimming segment. For this purpose, data from 36 races (18 female, 18 male) classified by
distances in three groups (12 Long and Middle Distance; 12 Standard Distance; 12 Sprint
Distance) were collected through the website of the International Triathlon Union. Pearson's
correlation and semi-partial correlation were used to analyze the relationship between variables.
Cycling and running segments showed high correlation values in Long and Middle Distance
(r = .84 ± .12 and r = .85 ± .11, respectively) and Sprint Distance (r = .86 ± .15 and r = .83 ± .09,
respectively). In Standard Distance running showed the highest correlation (r = .89 ± .06).
Swimming showed the lowest correlation values at all three distances. When the time of the
swimming segment was statistically controlled the relationship of the cycling segment to the
final time dropped considerably, especially in the Sprint Distance. Therefore, it appears that in
general running is the segment that most influences the final time, followed by cycling and finally
swimming. However, at each distance the contributions of these vary, and the triathlete will
have to shape his or her training according to the distance at which he or she competes.","Triatloia hiru kirol modalitate biltzen dituen kirola da (igeriketa, txirrindularitza eta
oinezko lasterketa), bata bestearen jarraian egiten dira eta hauen artean trantsizioak daude.
Helburua atal bakoitza ahalik eta azkarren burutzea da, guzti hauen baturak bukaerako denbora
zehaztuko baitu. Hau honela, atal bakoitzak beraien artean eta bukaerako emaitzean duen
eragina ezagutzea oso baliagarria izan daiteke triatletek entrenamendu eta lasterketa taktikak
zehazterako orduan, errendimendu optimoa lortu ahal izateko. Ikerketa honek triatloiko
distantzia ezberdinetako lasterketetan atal bakoitzak bukaerako denborarekin duen erlazioa
aztertzeaz gain, zehazki txirrindularitzako atalak igeriketako ataleko denbora kontrolatuz
bukaerako denborarekin duen erlazioa aztertzea zuen helburu. Honetarako, Nazioarteko Triatloi
Batasuneko web-orriaren bidez 36 lasterketetako datuak bildu ziren (18 emakumezkoak; 18
gizonezkoak) distantzien arabera hiru multzotan sailkatuta (12 Distantzia Luze eta Erdia; 12
Distantzia Estandarra; 12 Sprint Distantzia). Pearsonen korrelazioa eta korrelazio erdi partziala
erabili ziren aldagaien arteko erlazioa aztertzeko. Txirrindularitzako eta oinezko lasterketako
atalak korrelazio balio altuak erakutsi zituzten Distantzia Luze eta Erdian (r = .84 ± .12 eta r = .85
± .11, hurrenez hurren) eta Sprint Distantzian (r = .86 ± .15 eta r = .83 ± .09, hurrenez hurren).
Distantzia Estandarrean oinezko lasterketak erakutsi zuen korrelazio handiena (r = .89 ± .06).
Igeriketako atalak erakutsi zituen hiru distantzietan korrelazio baliorik baxuenak. Igeriketako
ataleko denbora kontrolatzen zenean txirrindularitzako atalak bukaerako denborarekin zuen
erlazioa nabarmen jaisten zen, batez ere Sprint Distantzian. Beraz, badirudi orokorrean oinezko
lasterketa dela bukaerako denboran eragin handiena duen atala, jarraian txirrindularitza eta
azkenik, igeriketa. Hala ere, distantzia bakoitzean hauen ekarpenak aldatu egiten dira, eta
triatletak bere entrenamendua moldatu egin beharko du lehiatzen den distantziaren arabera"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50167,2021-02-12,"Currently, one in five children is sexually abused. Based on this reality, the work presented below analyses the nature of the problem, pointing out the lack of training towards sexual abuse in childhood in the educational field. Consequently, it is observed that the lack of teacher training increases erroneous beliefs or prejudices on the subject. In this sense, the research work on teacher training and false convictions is initiated based on a questionnaire generated by 31 different items. In total, a sample of 156 teachers has been collected. The results of the questionnaire focus on the lack of training on sexual abuse, through the appearance of various erroneous convictions or prejudices. Finally, it is concluded that despite being a serious problem, lack of awareness prevails. The practical implications of this in the educational field are discussed.","Gaur egun bost haurretatik batek sexu-abusuak pairatzen ditu. Errealitate hori oinarri izanik, arazoaren nondik norakoak aztertzen ditu jarraian aurkezten den lanak, adieraziz haurren aurkako sexu-abusuen gaiarekiko formakuntza eza dagoela hezkuntza arloan. Ondorioz, aurre ikusten da irakasleriaren formakuntza eza horrek gaiarekiko uste oker edota aurre-iritziak areagotzen dituela. Hori horrela, irakasleriak duen formakuntza eta uste okerren inguruko ikerketa lana abiatzen da, 31 item ezberdinez sortutako galdetegi bat abiapuntu izanik. Denetara, 156 irakaslek osaturiko lagina bildu da. Galdetegiaren emaitzetan sexu-abusuari buruzko formakuntza eza nagusitzen da, horri loturik agertuz askotariko uste oker edota aurre iritzi. Azkenik, ondorioztatzen da arazo larri baten parean egonik ere, kontzientziazio falta gailentzen dela. Guzti honek hezkuntza arloan dituen inplikazio praktikoak eztabaidatzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19860,2016-12-14,"This document presents the work done in improving the performance of the engine Honda CBR 250R, by implementing the programmable electronic management Motec M400. This engine will be in charge of propelling the motorbike manufactured by etsib team, which will participate in MotoStudent international competition. The main objective of the project, which motorbike is going to be measured in a race with other prototypes, is to maximize the power produced by the engine, maintaining sufficient reliability. This objective has to be achieved only by altering the engine electronics, since the project is conditioned by the rules of the competition.
Throughout the document, will be explained in detail, all the steps taken to achieve the objective explained before. Finally the results will be analyzed by comparing them with the standard bike and the project’s cost effectiveness will be measured.","Dokumentu honek Honda CBR 250R motorraren errendimendua hobetzeko, Motec m400 kudeaketa elektroniko programagarriaren inplementazioaren bidez egindako lana aurkezten du. Motor hau, Motostudent nazioarteko txapelketan parte hartuko duen motozikletaren bultzatzailea izango da. Motozikleta hau, lasterketa batean beste prototipoekin neurtu behar izango denez, proiektuaren helburu nagusia motorraren potentzia maximizatzea izango da, fidagarritasun nahikoa mantenduz. Helburu hori lortu ahal izateko soilik motorraren elektronika aldatu ahal izango da, lehiaketaren oinarriaz baldintzatuta egongo dela eta.
Dokumentuan zehar, urrats guztiak zehatz-mehatz azalduko dira aipatutako helburua lortzeko. Azkenik, lorturiko emaitzak motozikleta estandarrarekin alderatuko dira eta proiektuaren errentagarritasuna aztertuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20089,2017-01-09,"The elements which characterize coastal towns continue being directly connected with the sea in spite of the sector´s decline. For these representative elements of coastal towns’ identity not to disappear, its transmission is a must. The aim of this investigation is to know where the transmission of maritime heritage takes place in Lekeitio if it really does. The methodology used will be quantitive and the questionnaires will be the tool used in order to get the information. The main conclusion that we get is that, although importance is given to the conservation and assessment of heritage as identity element, its transmission is not carried out in educational centres, but in the families. (Ingelesa)","Kostaldeko herrien bereizgarri diren elementuek itsasoarekin zuzenki erlazionaturik jarraitzen dute sektorearen beherakada eman arren. Bere identitatearen elementu adierazgarri hauek desagertu ez daitezen beharrezkoa da transmisioa ematea. Ikerketa honen helburua itsas-arrantza ondarearen transmisioa Lekeition ematen baldin bada non ematen den ezagutzea da. Erabiliko den metodologia kuantitatiboa izango da eta informazioa eskuratzeko tresna galdetegia izango da. Lortzen den ondorio nagusia da bizi iraupenerako eta identitate definitzaile bezala ondareari garrantzia ematen zaion arren, transmisioa ez dela ikastetxeetan ematen familietan baizik.(Euskera)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27930,2012,"The construction of a new library inside the Historic Neighbourhood of Salvatierra forced a previous archaeological intervention. The most interesting remains are some sunken structures prior to the erection of the wall, filled up at the moment of its construction, at the second half of 13th century. So it is the long stretch of approximately 17 m of the original wall exposed. There were also exhumed the remains of the first dwellings built from the construction of the wall, over the corresponding round way between the wall and the rear of these properties. In this paper a historical interpretation of the site with the description of the distinct historic phases ranging from the 13th century to the present will be carried out, including the archaeological study of the elevation of the section of medieval wall identified (17 m. length) and the study of the archaeological materials, mainly ceramics of each phase. All this will be completed by the corresponding plans, matrix and material plateaux.","Salvatierra-Aguraineko Hirigune Historiko barnean liburutegi berriko eraikuntzak aldez aurreko esku-hartze arkeologikoa behartu zuen. Hondar arkeologiko interesgarrienak XIII. mendeko bigarren erdialdean eraikitako harresia baino lehen zeuden egitura batzuk eta jatorrizko harresiaren aurkitutako 17 metro inguruko tartea dira. Halaber, harresia eraiki ondoren egin ziren lehen etxebizitzen hondarrak induskatu dira, erronda igarobidea harresia eta egitura hauen atzeko aldearen artean kokatuta zegoelarik. Artikulu honetan, orubearen interpretazio historikoa eta XIII. mendetik gaur egun arteko fase historikoen deskribapena egingo da. Era berean, aurkitutako Erdi Aroko harresiaren tartearen (17 m luzera) altxaeraren ikerketa arkeologikoa eta fase bakoitzaren material arkeologikoen ikerketa, batez ere, zeramikoak, egingo dira. Guzti hau, planimetria, matrix eta dagozkien material irudiekin osatuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14306,2015-01-30,"The main objective of the work that is explained in this document is to prove the validity of the Osgood method when some of the method’s hypothesis are not verified. This method is a particularization of the Palmgren-Miner method that is used in those situations where a piece is submit to random stress.
In this work, the validity of the method is going to be analysed in two specific cases: when the stress applied to the piece is an alternating stress but it doesn´t follow a Gaussian distribution and when it is not an alternating stress neither follow a Gaussian distribution.
In both cases, the results obtained using the Osgood method will be compared with damage obtained using the Palmgren-Miner method, and the results should be similar.
Excel will be used in order to compare both methods.","Hurrengo orrietan aurkezten den lanaren helburua Osgood metodoaren baliotasuna egiaztatzea da benetako egoeretan non hasierako hipotesiak betetzen ez direnean. Osgood metodoa Palmgren-Minerren metodoaren berezitasuna da eta pieza baten puntu bat zorizko tentsioetara menderatuta dagoenean erabiltzen da. Konkretuki, lan honetan metodoaren baliotasuna bi kasuetan aztertuko da: lehenik, piezak jasaten dituen tentsioen erregistroa alternoa denean baina distribuzio Gaussianoa jarraitzen ez duenean, eta bigarrenik, tentsioen erregistroa ez denean ez Gaussianoa ezta alternoa ere.
Osgood metodoa erabiliz, bi kasuetan, jasotako emaitzak beste metodo batekin konparatuko dira, kasu honetan Palmgren-Miner metodoarekin.
Konparazio hori egiteko Excel programa erabiliko da, programa horren bidez erabiliko diren tentsio aleatorioen erregistroak sortuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50158,2021-02-12,"The existing social inequalities in our society are also reproduced in the educational system. School libraries can nurture and assist the most vulnerable members of the educational community through a variety of resources and practices that mitigate the disadvantages of the most disadvantaged students. To find out if the school libraries of the schools located in Greater Bilbao program and carry out educational compensation activities that seek to alleviate the negative effects that certain socioeconomic realities produce on students, and if these activities are also aimed  for Preschool children, an online questionnaire was designed for those responsible of school libraries. The results obtained indicate that, although the school libraries carry out compensatory actions, these are not sufficient to satisfy the needs that in fact exist, and in most cases, they are not directed at the Preschool students either.","Gure gizartean dauden gizarte-desberdintasunak hezkuntza-sisteman ere islatzen dira. Eskola-liburutegiek hezkuntza-komunitateko kide ahulenei lagundu diezaiekete, ikasle behartsuenen desabantailak arinduko dituzten baliabideen eta praktiken bidez. Bilbo Handian dauden ikastetxeetako liburutegiek ikasleei errealitate sozioekonomiko jakin batzuek eragiten dizkieten ondorio negatiboak arintzeko hezkuntza-konpentsazioko jarduerak programatzen eta gauzatzen dituzten jakiteko, eta jarduera horiek Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleentzat ere badira, eskola-liburutegietako arduradunentzako on line galdetegi bat diseinatu zen. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, eskola-liburutegiek konpentsazio-ekintzak egiten dituzten arren, ekintza horiek ez dira nahikoak benetan dauden beharrak asetzeko, eta, gehienetan, Haur Hezkuntzako ikasleentzat ere ez dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24313,2014,"The next job explains the protocol that is carrying out the University of Salamanca for the 
prevention of harassment in the workplace; its area of application, behaviors that constitute harassment, the procedure, the rights of applicants, the differences regarding the formation of the Committee on Prevention of Harassment in the Workplace, which is the body that takes the final decisions in the proceedings.","Ondorengo lanean Salamancako Unibertsitatean burutzen ari den lan arloko jazarpenari buruzko protokoloa azaltzen da. Bere aplikazio eremua, jazarpen bezala ulertzen diren jarrerak, jarraitu beharreko prozedura, eskatzailearen eskubideak, Lan Arloko Jazarpenaren Prebentziorako Komisioaren konformazioaren diferentziak, hau izanik erabakiak hartzen dituen organoa."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26538,1987,"The existent relation between (the) Administrtion and (the) Justice in the sentence execution field is here analyzed, with special emphasis on the Penitentiary Vigilance Judge duty.","Epai-beteraztearen arloari dagokionean Administrazio eta Justiziaren arteko harremana aztertu zuen, Presondegiak zaintzeko Epailea bereziki aipatu zuelarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53730,2021-06-14,"The purpose of the work has been to try to answer certain questions about
minors and crime, as well as to bring together most of the institutions that are related to
Juvenile Justice in the Basque Country. Carrying out a temporal sequence of reflection,
the following sections have been approached, through hypotheses, research, normative
frameworks and interviews; the importance of Juvenile Justice, criminal recidivism in
minors, the causes of juvenile delinquency, the police system and the relevance of the
creation of a specific unit for minors in the Ertzaintza, the judicial system and the social
services system, with the existing measures and the way of execution","Lanaren helburua adingabeei eta delinkuentziari buruzko zenbait gairi erantzuten saiatzea izan da, baita Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan gazte-justiziarekin zerikusia duten erakunde gehienak biltzea ere. Hausnarketarako denbora-sekuentzia bat eginez, hipotesi, ikerketa, arauak eta elkarrizketak, hurrengo atalak: gazte-justiziaren garrantzia, adingabeen delitu-berrerortzea, gazte-delinkuentziaren arrazoiak, polizia-sistema eta Ertzaintzan adingabeen unitate espezifiko bat sortzearen egokitasuna, sistema judiziala eta gizarte-zerbitzuen sistema, dauden neurriekin eta betearazteko moduarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14327,2015-02-03,"This project comprises an optimization study of a plant cooling system accomplishing a technical-economic analysis for a parabolic trough solar thermal plant. It includes a descriptive exhibit of the plant and the water circulation and condensing system. The technical-economic study is based on the realization of the heat balances varying the dimensioning parameters of the system using the Thermoflex software, based on the results of these providing the nominal power of the plant, calculating differential electricity production and differential investment of each alternative of sizing of the system, calculating the profitability for each case. It will also be reflected the legislative change happened in relation to the selling price of electricity and how it affects the profitability of each case. In this way the optimal solution will be selected and conclusions will be drawn.","Proiektu honek optimizazio ikerketa bat burutzean datza, biltzaile zilindroparabolikozko instalazio termosolar baten hozte sistemaren analisi tekniko ekonomikoaren bitartez. Instalazioaren eta uraren zirkulazio eta kondentsazio sistemaren erakusketa deskriptiboa barneratzen da. Ikerketa tekniko-ekonomikoa balantze termikoen buruketan oinarritzen da, Thermoflex software-aren bitartez sistema horren parametro dimentsionante erlatiboak aldatuz, hauen baloreetatik solairuaren potentzia nominala lortzen dugunetik abiatuta. Produkzio elektriko diferentziala eta sistemaren dimentsionazioen alternatiba bakoitzaren inbertsio diferentziala kalkulatuko dira, errentagarritasun ekonomikoa kalkulatzen kasu bakoitzean. Erakutsi egingo da baita ere gertatutako aldaketa legislatiboa elektrizitatearen salneurriari dagokionez eta nola honek areagin duen errentagarritasunean. Era honetan, emaitza optimoa eta konklusioak aukeratuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36700,2019-12-04,"The human brain, despite its external homogeneous appearance, hides a complex intern pattern of connections that interconnect the different brain regions. Underneath the brain surface, thousands of neurons group together in an organized way to form the so-called neural tracts. These connections are the basis of a correct intercommunication in a healthy brain.

Recent progress in both neuroimaging and genetic analysis techniques has given rise to several studies that, all together, point to a fundamental role of genomics in the development and correct functioning of neural tracts.

The aim of this Master’s Thesis is to improve the understanding of how genetic expression actually determines the interconnection between brain regions. In this sense, several steps of preprocessing were carried out to adapt genetic expression data for further analysis performed in this and future projects.

Following a network science approach, the brain was modelled as a network or graph that was later studied using different analysis types.

In a first statistical analysis, it was tested whether genetically similar regions are more likely to be connected or not. Later, the way brain regions group together based on different genetic and connectivity criteria was observed. Finally, a novel approach based on graph signal processing techniques was proposed. More specifically, a spectral representation of genetic data was used to better understand gene expression patterns along the brain.","Giza garunak, nahiz eta kanpotik itxura homogeneoa eduki, garun eskualde ezberdinak konektatzen dituen konexio patroi korapilatsua aurkezten du barrutik. Traktu neuronalak deritzen konexio hauek era antolatuan elkartutako milaka neuronaz osatuta daude, eta garun osasuntsu batetan barne komunikazioaren oinarria dira.

Neuroirudi eta analisi genetikoen arloetako azken aurrerapenak ikerketa lan ugari sustatu dituzte. Dirudienez, lortutako emaitzak traktu neuronalen garapen eta funtzionamendu egokietan genetikak garrantzi handia daukala antzematen dute. 

Master Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia adierazpen genetiko eta garun eskualdeen interkomunikazioaren arteko erlazioaren ulermenean aurrera egitea da. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin, adierazpen genetikoko datu-baseen tratamendu eta egokitzapen prozesu bat jarraitu da. Prozesu honen emaitzak lan honetan egindako analisiak eta baita etorkizuneko beste lan batzuetan egin daitezkeenak posible egin ditu.

Egindako analisi guztiak sare-zientzian oinarritutako ikuspegitik garatu dira. Honen arabera, giza garuna sare edo grafo bat balitz bezala modelatu eta ikertu egin da.
Lehen urrats batean, analisi estatistikoa erabili da genetikoki antzekoak diren garun eskualdeak konektatuta egoteko probabilitate handiagoa ote duten aztertzeko. Ondoren, garun eskualdeak genetika edo konektibitatea banaka kontuan hartuta nola elkartzen diren aztertu da. Azkenik, grafoen domeinurako egokitutako seinale tratamendu teknikak erabiliz, gene adierazpen balioen maiztasun irudikapenak kalkulatu dira. Balio hauek aztertuz, adierazpen patroiak hobeto ulertzea izan da helburua."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47019,2020-10-19,"Security is an inherent demand of the human condition on any of our acts, belongings and ourselves in short. The information, and its repercussion on our own integrity, is not excluded from this demand either, and researchers must integrate the concept of SECURITY in the development of each of the projects that we tackle.

In this field we can differentiate two main areas, physical security and information security. Physical security is a strategy to protect facilities, assets, resources, and people from incidents or actions that can cause loss or damage to these entities. Information security is a strategy to protect the integrity and privacy of content with digital security. Today the most common form of identification is the use of passwords, keys, cards ... One drawback to these methods is that they can be stolen or forgotten.

On the other hand, we find tools such as biometrics, a newer practice, which is being used to implement both physical and information security. Compared to traditional methods of passwords, keys and similar, biometrics is a possession that is always possessed and that is its main advantage. In biometric security, the use of fingerprint, facial structure, iris or voice is common. As far as the latter is concerned, voice biometrics is the science of using a person's voice as a uniquely identifying biological feature to authenticate them. Also known as voice verification or speaker recognition, voice biometrics enables fast, non-intrusive and secure access for a variety of use cases, from call centers, mobile applications, or online applications, to chatbots, IoT (Internet of Things) and physical access.

If there is a need to implement security systems, it is due to the existence, in turn, of a certain risk; there is something or someone to protect yourself from. In the case of voice biometrics, it is the so-called spoofing or spoofing attacks that constitute a great security threat. In order to deal with these attacks, various studies and institutions tend to implement synthetic speech detection (SSD) modules. The operation of this technology is based on a classifier that has two different models, one of human speech and the other of synthetic speech. When a user tries to verify against the system, the signal is compared with both models and, if the difference in similarities exceeds a threshold, it is accepted as human; otherwise, it is rejected, classifying it as synthetic.

During the development of this technology, the systems must be trained and in order to accomplish this, a large number of voice recordings are used, which will serve to create the models mentioned above. Throughout this Final Degree Project, it is studied the use of databases by these systems to detect spoofing attacks. To carry out this task, an SSD is used based on both MFCC spectral parameters and the harmonic phase parameters, RPS. Likewise, tests are carried out with neural networks with the ultimate objective of obtaining results with a lower probability of error. In this project, the so-called DNN neural networks (Deep Neural Networks) are used to improve the classification task.","Segurtasuna giza izaerari datxekion eskaria da, gure egintza, ondasun eta, azken batean, geure buruaren gainekoa. Informazioa eta horrek gure osotasunean duen eragina ere ez daude eskari horretatik kanpo, eta ikertzaileok segurtasunaren kontzeptua txertatu behar dugu lantzen dugun proiektu bakoitzaren garapenean.

Eremu honetan, bi eremu nagusi bereiz ditzakegu: segurtasun fisikoa eta informazioaren segurtasuna. Segurtasun fisikoa estrategia bat da instalazioak, aktiboak, baliabideak eta pertsonak erakunde horiei galerak edo kalteak eragin diezazkieketen intzidenteetatik edo ekintzetatik babesteko. Informazioaren segurtasuna berriz, edukiaren osotasuna eta pribatutasuna segurtasun digitalarekin babesteko estrategia bat da. Gaur egun, identifikatzeko modurik ohikoena pasahitzak, giltzak eta txartelak erabiltzea da. Metodo horien alde txarra , lapurtu edo ahaztu egin daitezkeela da.

Bestalde, biometria bezalako tresnak aurkitzen ditugu, praktika berriago bat, segurtasun fisikoa zein informaziokoa ezartzeko erabiltzen dena. Pasahitz, giltza eta antzekoen metodo tradizionalen aldean, biometria beti edukitzen den edukitza da, eta hor datza bere abantaila nagusia. Segurtasun biometrikoan ohikoa da hatz-marka, aurpegi-egitura, irisa edo ahotsa erabiltzea. Azken horri dagokionez, ahotsaren biometria pertsona baten ahotsa identifikatzeko ezaugarri biologiko bakar gisa erabiltzeko zientzia da. Ahots-egiaztapen edo hiztun-aintzatespen gisa ere ezagutzen da, eta ahots-biometriak sarbide azkarra, ez intrusiboa eta segurua ahalbidetzen du erabilera-kasu anitzetarako: call center-ak, aplikazio mugikorrak edo lineako aplikazioak, chatbotak, IoT gailuak (Internet of Things) eta sarbide fisikokoak.

Segurtasun-sistemak inplementatzeko beharra, aldi berean, arrisku ziurra dagoela esan nahi du, hau da, bada babesteko zerbait edo norbait. Ahots-biometriaren kasuan, spoofing edo nortasuna ordezteko erasoak dira segurtasunerako mehatxu handiak. Eraso horiei aurre egiteko, hainbat azterlan eta erakundek hizkera sintetikoa hautemateko moduluak (SSD) inplementatzeko joera dute. Teknologia honen funtzionamendua bi eredu desberdin dituen sailkatzaile batean oinarritzen da, bata giza hizkerakoa eta bestea hizkuntza sintetikokoa. Erabiltzaile bat sistemaren aurrean bere burua egiaztatzen saiatzen denean, seinalea bi ereduekin alderatzen da eta, antzekotasun-aldeak atalase bat gainditzen badu, gizakitzat hartzen da; bestela, baztertu egiten da, sintetikotzat sailkatuz.


Teknologia hori garatzeko prozesuan, sistemak entrenatu egin behar dira, eta, horretarako, ahots-grabazio ugari erabiltzen dira, lehen aipatutako ereduak sortzeko. Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, datu baseen erabilera aztertzen da sistema hauek spoofing bidezko erasoak detektatzeko atazan. Zeregin hau Aurrera eramateko, SSD bat erabiltzen da, MFCC parametro espektraletan eta fase harmonikoaren parametroetan (RPS) oinarrituta. Halaber, probak egiten dira sare neuronalekin, errore-probabilitate txikiagoko emaitzak lortzeko azken helburuarekin. DNN (Deep Neural Networks) sare neuronalak erabiltzen dira sailkapen-lana hobetzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23306,2017-09,"The ampacity is that current that ensures the maintenance of the design and safety criteria of an electric line. Therefore, it is important to keep the current of the lines below their ampacity limit. The value of the current, along with the meteorological conditions, is which determines the temperature value of the conductor.
The department has placed in the line of 30kV ""Alsasua Urdiain I and II"" different monitoring systems that allow to measure the ambient temperature, solar radiation and wind along the conductor. The objective of this work is to process the measurements in order to study how these meteorological conditions vary along the line and how this affects the value of the ampacity.","Ampazitatea diseinu eta segurtasun-irizpideak mantentzeko linea elektriko batean bermatzen duen korrontea da. Beraz, garrantzitsua da bere ampazitate muga azpitik linearen korrontea mantentzea. Korrontearen balioa eguraldiarekin batera, eroalearen tenperaturaren balioa zehazten du.
Departamenduak 30kV “Alsasua-Urdiain I y II” korronte lerroan zehar tenperatura, haize eta eguzki-erradiazio neurtzeko monitorizazio sistema ezberdinak kokatu egin dituzte. Lan honen helburua, neurriak prozesatuz gero nola baldintza meteorologikoak aldatzen diren lerroan zehar eta nola eragiten dion aldaketa hau ampazitate balioari."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29197,2018-10-22,"ABSTRACT

In the present work the theoretical and experimental analysis of a motorcycle crankshaft is carried out to obtain the resonance frequencies and their respective modes of vibration. The Ansys finite element software is used to calculate the dynamic behavior of the crankshaft and then validated with an experimental modal analysis of the crankshaft with several tests using the Pulse and Oros software. Subsequently, a comparison of the theoretical and experimental results is made.","LABURPENA

Lan honetan motozikleta-birabarkiaren azterketa teorikoa eta esperimentala egiten da erresonantzia-maiztasunak eta haien bibrazio moduak lortzeko. ANSYS elementu finituen programa erabiltzen da birabarkiaren portaera dinamikoa kalkulatzeko eta, ondoren, modal azterketa esperimental batekin balioztatu da, Pulse eta Oros programekin egindako hainbat proba erabiliz. Ondoren, emaitzak teoriko eta esperimentalen konparaketa egiten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72599,2025-02-10,"A large elderly population is expected to grow worldwide in the coming years, which
poses challenges to the health and quality of life of the elderly. The aim of this work has been to
analyse the changes that occur in the elderly, analysing the importance of physical activity and
designing a multicomponent training programme. The physiological changes that occur in the
body at this stage of life can cause problems of various kinds that worsen the quality of life. In
addition to these physical and personal problems, society tends to adopt pejorative
interpretations of old age, with a tendency for older people to deteriorate. However, active
ageing makes it possible to confront both these stereotypes and these physiological changes,
promoting a healthy life in which physical activity is of great importance. In this paper we have
analysed the effects of multicomponent training programmes on older people through a review
of previously studied scientific articles on this topic. Significant improvements in their physical
and psychological capacity are observed. Consequently, physical activity for the elderly to have
a dignified quality of life acquires great strength, specifically training that is carried out in a
programmed and organised way. Based on this knowledge, an original practical proposal has
been created.","Hirugarren adinekoen populazio handia espero da mundu mailan datozen urteotan,
ondorioz, erronkak sortzen dira adinekoen osasunari eta bizi-kalitateari dagokionez. Lan honen
helburua, hirugarren adinean gertatzen diren aldaketak aztertzea izan da, jarduera fisikoak duen
garrantzia analizatuz eta amaieran osagai anitzeko entrenamendu programa bat diseinatuz.
Bizitzako etapa honetan gorputzean ematen diren aldaketa fisiologikoek mota desberdinetako
arazoak sor ditzakete beraien bizi-kalitatea okertuz. Gainera, arazo fisiko eta pertsonal horiez
gain, gizarteak zahartzaroarekiko interpretazio gutxiesgarriak hartzeko joera du, adineko
pertsonen narriaduran eraginez. Hala ere, zahartze aktiboak aukera ematen du bai estereotipo
baita aldaketa fisiologiko horiei aurre egiteko, bizitza osasungarria sustatuz, non jarduera
fisikoak garrantzia handia duen. Lan honetan, osagai anitzeko entrenamendu programek
adinekoengan izaten dituzten efektuak aztertu dira, gai honen inguruan aurretik ikertutako
artikulu zientifikoen errebisio baten bitartez. Hobekuntza nabariak eman direla ikusi da hauen
gaitasun fisiko zein psikologikoan. Ondorioz, hirugarren adinekoek bizi-kalitate duina edukitzeko
jarduera fisikoak indar handia hartzen du, zehazki, modu programatu eta antolatu batean
burutzen den entrenamenduak. Ezagutza hauetan oinarrituta proposamen praktiko original bat
sortu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16257,2015-11-30,"The principal object of this document is the creation of inside part of the Bonet.
This action is done with the help of software, called Pam Stamp. It is a virtual
simulation with stamping process. The chosen process is by cold stamping. As
final result, the geometry of the stamping is known, as well as the all physical
properties of the chosen product.","Barneko kapotaren sorkuntza egitea dokumentu honen helburu nagusiena da.
Lan hau software informatiko laguntzarekin, Pam-Stamp deitzen dena, egin da.
Alegiazko simulazio programa bat da, conformatu xafla prozesuekin egiten
dena. Aukeratutako prozesua hotzean egindako estanpazioa da. Honen
ondorioa, piezaren azkenengo geometria ezaguna da eta baita elementuaren
propietate fisiko guztiak egin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25479,1997,"the success and existence of a Judicial Police is an ineludible consequence of the State of Law. Its
aim in the penal procedure is the crimes’ inquiry, the offenders’ securing and the proofs’ collecting, to make
possible an adequate and suitable judicial response to the seriousness of the crime. Taking this assertion as a
basis, every proof that Judicial Police concludes in its inquiry work is analyzed, as well as the fundamental
rights which in every case are concerned and the guarantees that must be taken to permit its valuation during
the penal procedure.","Polizia Judiziala egotea Zuzenbidezko estatuaren ezinbesteko ondorea da. Zigor-auzibideetan,
polizia judizialak delituak ikertzen ditu, delitugileen segurtasuna bermatzen du eta frogak biltzen ditu, epaileek
delituari beraren larritasunaren arabera erantzun ahal izan diezaioten. Esandakoa oinarri hartuta, Polizia
Judizialak bere ikerkuntza-lanetan egin ditzakeen froga guzti-guztiak aztertuko dira, bai eta kasuan-kasuan ukitzen
diren oinarrizko eskubideak eta auzibidean zehar frogak baloratzeko baliatu beharreko bermeak ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23045,2013,"Impunity  is  the  denial  of  the  rights  of  every  victim to justice. In the case of serious  violations of human rights like terrorism, the performance of the right to justice is intimately associated to the right of the victims to obtain  an  effective  investigation. In  the  general  or  universal  system  of  protection  of  human rights as well as in the American and European regional systems, and to respond to the international standards, an investigation can only be qualified effective if it is independent, impartial, complete, fast and suitable to determine the identity and punishment of the ones responsible of the perpetration. It is also an obligation of absolute nature that requires for the State to initiate ex offi cio the investigation from the time it has knowledge of the facts and regardless of whether the victim or his families have initiated or not the accusation; it is also an obligation which 
does not disappear or hold in place because the State has diffi culties to carry on the required investigation.
In  the  European  framework,  the  ECHR  has  claimed  that  this  effective  obligation  applies  to  events  that  occurred previous to the ratification of the European Convention on human rights when the same extends its  effects  behind  the  ratification.  Likewise,  it has expressed that the amnesty and clemency measures are “generally”  incompatible  with  the  obligation  of  the  States  to  investigate  the  torture and  fight  against  the  international crimes. Lastly, it states that an investigation which ends in limitations for criminal responsibility is not an effective investigation. 
Given the close relationship between both, the right to an effective remedy under Article 13 of the European Convention on human rights is violated without an effective investigation.","Zigorgabetasunak  biktima  ororen  justiziako  eskubidea  ukatzea  du.  Giza  eskubideen  urraketa  
larrien kasuan –hala nola terrorismoa–, justiziarako eskubidea gauzatzea estuki lotuta dago biktimek ikerketa eraginkorra egiteko duten eskubidera. Nola giza eskubideak babesteko testuinguru unibertsalean, hala Amerika eta Europako sistemetan, eta nazioarteko estandarrei erantzuteko, ikerketa bat eraginkortzat har daiteke soilik, baldin eta independentea, inpartziala, osoa, azkarra eta egokia bada biktimizazioaren egileak identifikatzeko eta  haien  zigorra  zehazteko. Horrez  gain, izaera  absolutuko  betebehar  bat  da,  Estatuari  ofi  zioz  ikerketa  bat  hasteko eskatzen diona, gertaerak ezagutzen dituen une berean eta kontuan hartu gabe biktimak edo haren senideek  salaketa  jarri  duten  ala  ez.  Betebehar  hori  ez  desagertzen  ezta  arintzen  ere, Estatuak  eskatutako ikerketa burutzeko zailtasunak dituelako. 
Europako esparruan, Europako Giza Eskubideen Auzitegiak baieztatu du betebehar hori eraginkorra dela Giza Eskubideen Europako Hitzarmena berretsi aurreko gertaeretarako, berrespenaren ondoren betebehar horrek gertaera horiek hartzen dituenean. Era berean, amnistiak eta graziazko neurriak “oro har” bateraezinak dira tortura ikertzeko eta nazioarteko krimenen  aurka  borrokatzeko estatuen  betebeharrekin. Amaitzeko, zigorerantzukizuna preskripzioarekin amaitzen den ikerketa bat ez da ikerketa eraginkor bat. 
Bion arteko erlazio estua dela eta, ikerketa eraginkorra egin ezean, urratzen da ere Giza Eskubideen Europako Hitzarmenaren 13. artikuluaren errekurtso eraginkorrerako eskubidea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25357,1999,"It is studied the profile of the penal judge and his human, criminological and juridical dimension. The main functions he must develop during his judicial activity are also analysed, pointing out that judge must know and assume the Criminal Policy notions which inspire the punitive legislation. Likewise, a reflection about the purpose of prisons is made, considering the necessity of the performance of an alternative system of sanctions.","Epaile penalaren perfila aztertzen da, bere giza dimentsioa, Kriminologikoa eta juridikoa, eta bere lanean bete behar dituen funtzio garrantzitsuenak ere aztertzen dira, legepide zehagarrian oinarritzen diren Politika Kriminaleko ideiak onartu eta ezagutu behar dituela adieraziz. Hau hala izanik, gartzelaren helburuari buruz gogoeta bat egiten da, zigor sistema alternatiboak beharrezkoak direla adieraziz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20061,2017-01-02,"The aim of this work is supervising an industrial process by the computer monitor with Ignition SCADA in order to show the state of it in real time. It is possible due to tags and the graphic interface of the program that allow the data transfer between SCADA and the PLC. Therefore, the potential of Ignition will be known.
The project will be done in the laboratory of the Faculty of Engineering where there is a model controlled by a PLC. This PLC will run with a program that will be programmed with TIA Portal. In this way the supervision of a real industrial process will be done.
There will be an explanation about the process that is followed for achieve the objective of this project.","Proiektu hau Ignition SCADA programarekin PC pantaila batean prozesu bat monitorizatzean datza. Era honetan, prozesu honen egoera ikusi daiteke, PLC-arekin datuen transferentzia ahalbidetzen duen interfaz grafiko baten bitartez. Beraz, programa hau erabiltzeko era eta bere potentziala ezagutu ahalko da.
Honetarako, ETSI-ko Automatika departamenduko laborategian egingo da lan, PLC baten bitartez kontrolatutako maketa batekin. Hemen TIA Portal-en bidez programatutako proiektua kargatuko da, benetazko instalazio industrial bat simulatuz, eta PC-aren bidez kontrolatuz.
Ignition SCADA gainbegiratze tresna bezala azalduko da, erabilzeko era eta prozesuaren arabera dituen aukera ezberdinak adieraziz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19470,2016-11-04,"This document shows a project with the aim of designing a robotic arm guided by wires. The idea is to be able to create a program in MATLAB (MATrix LABoratory) platform capable of calculating the path of the robotic arm, as well as the forces in the wires during the movement. This program should be able to provide the chance to choose the dimensions of the platforms forming the arm, aside from the material (weight), so that the product can have the maximum possible applications. The project ends with a design of the robotic arm by AutoCAD (Computer-Aided Design) software, followed by its construction in a 3D printer.","Dokumentu hau kablez gidatutako beso robotiko baten diseinuan datza. Asmoa, MATLAB (MATrix LABoratory) plataforman, besoaren bidea, baita mugimendua zehar kableetan ematen diren indarrak ere, definitzeko gai den programa bat egitea da. Programa hau, plataformen dimentsioak nahierara hautatzeko aukera eskaini behar du, materialaz (pisua) gain, produktuaren aplikazioak ahalik eta nasaienak izatearren. Proiektua AutoCAD (Computer-Aided Design) softwareren bitartez egindako besoaren diseinuarekin bukatzen da, ondoren 3D inprimagailu baten bidez diseinatutako prototipoa eraiki ahal izateko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23239,2017-07,"The main objective of the work is the calculation of a thermal installation for the production of CHW and heating and of the installations necessary for the electrical generation of a sustainable single family house to be located in Plentzia (Bizkaia). Several assumptions will be made, such as a solar-wind hybrid installation for the generation of electrical energy and a solar thermal collection system with the support of a biomass boiler for the production of DHW and heating. For that, we will first take in acount the strategies used in bioclimatic architectural construction, which integrates renewable energy sources, both to conserve and maximize energy, and to limit the production of greenhouse gases (low Emission of CO2). Subsequently, an economic feasibility study of the chosen alternatives is included. In addition, the time required for the amortization of said installation is analyzed. In order to carry out the project, the current legislation is taken into account.","Jarraian garatuko den lanak, Plentzian (Bizkaia) kokatuko den etxebizitza familiabakar eta jasangarri baten, UBS-ren eta berokuntzaren produkziorako instalazio termikoaren, eta energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzarako beharrezkoak diren instalazioen kalkuluak ditu helburu nagusitzat. Hainbat suposizio egingo dira, hala nola, eguzki instalazio eta instalazio eoliko hibridoa, energia elektrikoaren sorkuntzarako, eta eguzki kaptazio sistema bat, biomasa galdara baten bermarekin, UBS-ren eta berokuntzaren sorrerarako.
Horretarako, eraikuntza arkitektoniko bioklimatikoan erabilitako estrategiak kontutan hartuko dira, hau da, energia berriztagarriak barneratzen dituena, bai energia ahalik eta gehien kontserbatu eta ustiatu ahal izateko, baita berotegi efektua eragiten duten gas kutsatzaileen ekoizpena mugatzeko (CO2 –ren igorpen txikia).
Ondoren, aukeratutako alternatiben bideragarritasun ekonomikoaren ikasketa ageri da. Gainera, aipatutako instalazioaren amortizaziorako beharrezko denboraren analisia ere egiten da. Poiektua burutzeko indarrean dagoen legedia kontuan hartu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31765,2019-02-28,"In the actual society, the sexual and gender diversity becomes clearer every day. Despite this fact, there is an unarguable rejection towards this diversity. Therefore, the theoretic review of this matter was the primary task of this project. Furthermore, this essay also had the aim of creating a didactic proposal to allow the schools to work on this matter. A didactic intervention formed by nine activities divided in three blocks (the exploration phase, the knowledge phase and the normalization phase) was created with the purpose of creating empathy and tolerance towards the Trans community and also to normalize and see this diversity as something positive. The practical application of one of these activities was possible to realize, and the results are representative of the society we live in. During this process one of the strongest weapon to fight this situation will always be education.","Gaur egungo gizartean, egunetik egunera gero eta argiagoa eta nabarmenagoa da genero eta sexu aniztasuna. Hala ere, oraindik harekiko errefus handia dago. Horregatik, lan honen lehenengo helburua hizpide izango dugun gaiaren inguruko errebisio teorikoa egitea izan zen. Eskoletan lan egin ahal izateko proposamen didaktikoa sortzea ere izan zen lan honen xedea. Hiru blokeetan (esploratze fasean, ezagutza fasean eta normalizazio fasean) banatutako bederatzi jardueraz osatutako esku-hartze didaktiko bat sortu zen. Horren helburua ikasleengan kolektibo trans-arekiko enpatia eta tolerantzia sortzea eta positibotzat hartu beharko litzatekeen aniztasuna normalizatzea da. Jarduera horietako bat praktikara eraman ahal izan da eta bertatik lortutako emaitzak bizi garen gizartearen adierazgarri dira. Lan honetan zehar, hezkuntza egoera horri aurre egiteko arma boteretsuenetariko gisa hartuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25576,1995,"It is made a reflection about the questions underlying the answers and requests that those present at the Summer Course ""Euthanasia and Criminology: Today and tomorrow"" have formulated related to the questionnaire which objective was the knowledge of the different attitudes that can be adopted with regard to the conflicts concerning the ""death with dignity"".","Artikulu honetan ""Eutanasia eta kriminologia: gaur eta bihar"" delako Udako lkastaroari parte hartzaileek galdeketa bati buruz emandako erantzun eta eskaeretan agertzen diren gaiei buruz gogoeta batzuk egiten dira. Galdeketa horren helburua ""duintasunez hil""-tzearekín erlazionatuta dauden arazoen aurrean hartzen diren jarrera ezberdinak ezagutzea zen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36547,2019-11-27,"This document contains the evaluation of the damage risk on different constructive solutions. The constructive solutions that are analysed are the arch, the vault, the cupola and three-dimensional mesh structures. 
There is a first introduction in which they are explain different facts about the element such as the way it works, the composition, the material that are use and the different construction techniques. Afterwards, the possible damages and their direct consequences are list. In this instance, there is also mention which current regulation is been violated when the damage happens. That information is collect by an Excel table which objective is to generate a database. 
The dates collected will be the starting point to establish the methodology use to analyse the damage risk, which is based on the probability of the appearance of a damage on a specific constructive solution and the consequences that carries. That possibility is provided by the exposure of the element to outside forces such as the localization, the climate, etc. and the frequency of those damages. Finally, to decide the level of importance of the damage two criteria are set. On one hand, which current regulation in been violated when the damage happens. On the other hand, the amount of space that the damage element is covering in regards of the main structure.
As a result a risk evaluation methodology is obtained; moreover, it will be applied to two real cases. Those cases will be Vitoria-Gasteiz cathedral and Palencia´s San Antolin cathedral.","Dokumentu honetan soluzio konstruktiboen kalte arrisku balioztatzea egiten da. Aztertzen diren elementu konstruktiboak arkua, bobeda, kupula eta elementu tridimentsional saretuak dira. 
Elementu bakoitzerako hainbat atal jorratzen dira; elementuaren funtzionamendua, osatzen duten atal desberdinak, bere eraikuntzarako erabiltzen diren materialak eta metodoak. Ondoren, zerrenda baten bidez ezartzen dira ager daitezkeen kalte estrukturalak eta horien zergatiak. Era berean, gaur egun existitzen den zein eraikuntza arautegi betetzen ez duen adierazten da. Informazioa Excel taula bat erabiliz batzen da datu-base bat eratzeko helburuarekin.
Arrisku azterketarako metodologia zehatz bat ezartzen da, zeinek elementua akatsa izateko aukeretan eta horien ondorioen eraginean oinarritzen den. Jakiteko elementu baten aukerak kaltea sortzeko beste bi kontzeptu erabiltzen dira, elementuaren esposizioa kanpoko eragileei, kokalekua, klima, etc. eta kalteen maiztasuna. Azkenik, ondorioen eragina neurtzeko bi parametro erabiltzen dira. Alde batetik, kalteak sortzen duen ondorioak zein arautegi betetzen ez duen. Beste aldetik, kaltea duen elementuak egituraren estruktura nagusiaren zenbateko gunea betetzen duen.  
Prozesu horren bidez  kalte arrisku balioztatzeko metodologia lortzen da. Metodologia hau bi kasu errealetan planteatuko da metodologiaren aplikazio adierazteko. Kasu bi hauek Vitoria-Gasteizko Santa María katedrala eta Palentziako San Antolin katedrala."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29454,2018-10-31,"The present project goes about the required calculations to build an industrial unit destined to give shelter to horses and to be a place to do horse riding activities. It is located in El Cabrio, in Valle de Mena (Burgos). The industrial unit is made up of a 24m principal gable roof unit and a secondary 6m single water deck unit, which make a total of 30m width. It is based on 7 porticos every 7m, providing the industrial unit with 42m length. That way, the built surface is 1260m2.  What is more, in the last hole of the structure, there is a 168m2 mezzanine that will be used for toilets, changing rooms, a dining room and an office.","Proiektu hau zaldientzako aterpe gisa  eta zalditan ibiltzeko ekintzak egitera bideratutako egitura industrial bat kalkulatzen du. El Cabrio herrian dago kokatuta, Mena Haranean (Burgos).  24m-ko bi isurialdeko egitura printzipal batek eta 6m-ko isurialde bakarreko beste batek osatzen dute 30m-ko egitura totala. Egitura, 7 portikok osatzen dute 7m-ro kokatuak, 6 tarte osatuz, beraz 42m-ko luzera lortzen da. Honela, 1260m2-ko azalera da eraikuntzak izango duena. Gainera, azkeneko tartean beste solairu bat egongo da, 168m2-ko azalerakoa, eta bertan aldagelak, komunak, jantokia eta bulego bat egongo dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25856,2018-03-21,"The aim of this research is to collect information about the current reality of children´s choir in Biscay, in order to propose ideas of improvement through Primary Education. To do so, we have analysed the offered training courses of choir in educational centres of the province by means of its web, we have examined audiovisual materials of choirs´ performances and a questionnaire has been made to conductors in order to get to know the situation from within. Regarding the results, it can be said that the continuation of Basque choirs which has been so deeply rooted in culture is now unforeseeable, due to the shortage of children´s choirs. There are, however, several groups both in the formal area and in the non-formal which work in favour of that heritage. Nevertheless, that continuation could be fostered through formal education.","Ikerketa lan honen helburua Bizkaiko haur abesbatzen egungo egoerari buruzko informazioa jasotzea da, Lehen Hezkuntzatik abiatuz, egoera hobetzeko ideiak proposatzeko asmoz. Horretarako, probintziako ikastetxeetako jarduera koralaren eskaintza aztertu dugu web orrialdeen bidez, abesbatzen emanaldien ikus-entzunezko materialen analisia egin eta zuzendariei galdeketa egin zaie egoera barrutik ezagutzeko. Emaitzei begira, esan daiteke errotze kultural handia izan duen euskal abesbatzen jarraipena kolokan dagoela haur abesbatzen eskasia dela eta. Badaude hainbat talde eremu formal zein ez-formalean ondare horren alde lan egiten dihardutenak. Dena den, hezkuntzako eremu formalaren bidez jarraipen hori sustatu ahalko litzateke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19660,2016-11-30,"This final degree work is entitled: "" Estudio de la rigidez y sincronismo al roscar F 1252 en la fresadora Kondia A6"". The project will involve a study about the tapping process in F 1252 alloy. Through a series of tapping test of M8 x 1,25, and combining different tapping instructions of the machining center with different tool holders, the intention is to carry out a study of the synchronism and stiffness of that operations. At the same time, mechanical efforts will be measured using different effort measurement systems. Once the tests are finished the obtained results will be analyzed.","Honako Gradu Amaierako Lanaren izenburua hurrengoa da: ""Estudio de la rigidez y sincronismo al roscar F 1252 en la fresadora Kondia A6"". Proiektu honetan, hariztatze prozedura F 1252 altzairuan aztertu nahi da. Prozesuaren zurruntasuna eta sinkronizazioa neurtzeko hainbat proba egingo dira, hauek M8 x 1,25 erabiliz eta mekanizazio zentroaren hariztatzeko funtzio desberdinak baita erraminta ezberdinak ere erabiliz egingo dira. Aldi berean, esfortzuak neurtuko dira neurketa sistema desberdinak erabiliz. Probak amaitu ondoren, emaitzak aztertuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75435,2025-11-05,"Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) are responsible of the climate change problem. Sectors such as heat production and transport are the biggest GHG contributors worldwide, and so the European Union (EU) is instating policies and regulations to try to combat climate change. In particular, transport electrification is considered as a key technology towards decarbonisation, were Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) are fundamental for electric cars, ships and aircrafts.
BESSs based on Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are taking the place of more traditional technologies, such as lead-acid. Because of their high energy density and long cycle life, LIBs are the most ideal battery technologies for transport electrification applications. However, LIBs have very specific working conditions, specially regarding operating voltage, current and temperature. Thus, constant monitoring and control is needed in applications where LIBs are used. Therefore, control elements such as  Battery Management Systems (BMS), have to be added for a safe and controlled battery utilisation.  
The main functions of BMSs is to keep the battery within the safe working conditions, constantly monitoring the State of Charge (SoC), the State of Health (SoH), etc., controlling the cooling systems and monitoring all the electrical and thermal variables. These systems works along with higher-level Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to assure a safe operation of electric vehicles. Still, a BMS will only be able to fulfil its functions after a strict validation process, and this is where issues arise. BMS testing is a very delicate and difficult process, as batteries are involved. For a complete validation, extreme situation which can be dangerous need to be forced. This is where Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing comes into play.
In HIL testing, the battery is emulated, using accurate models, instead of using physical battery cells. The BMS is then implemented in a target hardware (microcontroller), and operating scenarios can be forced without the dangers that come from the utilisation of physical batteries. Not only that, but HIL testing reduces testing times and costs, and allows a comprehensive testing. When power element are included in the testing process, HIL capabilities are extended, resulting in Power HIL (PHIL) testing.
This work focuses on the development of a PHIL platform for BMS verification, detailing the implementation steps taken to set up the various elements in said platform. The real-time modelling of an accurate electro-thermal model is presented, which runs in a Speedgoat baseline HIL device. In addition, a Battery Cell Emulator (BCE) is connected with the baseline target machine, providing PHIL features. Finally, the BMS software, developed following the Model Based Design (MBD) approximation, is integrated in an NXP BMS hardware platform. Experimental results regarding the validation of the PHIL system are given, along with some BMS testing results.","Berotegi-efektuko Gasen (BEG) emisioak dira klima-aldaketaren arazoaren erantzuleak. Bero ekoizpena eta garraioa bezalako sektoreak dira BEGen ekarpenik handienak mundu osoan, eta, beraz, Europar Batasuna (EB) klima aldaketari aurre egiteko politikak eta araudiak ezartzen ari da. Zehazki, garraioaren elektrifikazioa deskarbonizaziorako funtsezko teknologiatzat hartzen da, baterien bidezko energia biltegiratze sistemak (Battery Energy Storage Systems, BESS, ingelesez) funtsezkoak baitira auto elektrikoentzat, itsasontzientzat eta aireko garraioarentzat.
Litio-ioizko Baterietan (Lithium-ion Battery, LIB, ingelesez) oinarritutako BESSak teknologia tradizionalagoen lekua hartzen ari dira, berun-azidoarena, esaterako. Energia dentsitate handia eta ziklo luzeko bizitza direla eta, LIBak dira bateria-teknologiarik egokienak garraioaren elektrifikazio-aplikazioetarako. Hala ere, LIBek lan baldintza oso zehatzak dituzte, bereziki tentsio operatiboari, korronteari eta tenperaturari dagokienez. Hori dela eta, etengabeko monitorizazioa eta kontrola behar da LIBak erabiltzen diren aplikazioetan. Beraz, Bateriak Kudeatzeko Sistemak (Battery Management Systems, BMS, ingelesez) bezalako kontrol-sistemak gehitu behar dira bateriak modu seguruan eta kontrolatuan erabiltzeko.
BMSen funtzio nagusiak hauek dira: bateria lan-baldintza seguruetan mantentzea, Karga-egoera (State of Charge, SoC, ingelesez), Osasun-egoera (State of Health, SoH, ingelesez) eta abar etengabe monitorizatzea, hozte-sistemak kontrolatzea eta aldagai elektriko eta termiko guztiak kontrolatzea. Sistema hauek goi mailako Kontrol Elektronikoko Unitateekin (Electronic Control Unit, ECU, ingelesez) batera funtzionatzen dute, ibilgailu elektrikoen funtzionamendu segurua bermatzeko. Hala ere, BMS batek baliozkotze prozesu zorrotz baten ondoren bakarrik bete ahal izango ditu bere funtzioak, eta hor aurkitzen dira arazoak. BMSen testatzea oso prozesu delikatua eta zaila da, bateriak tartean baitaude. Erabateko balidazioa lortzeko, arriskutsuak izan daitezkeen muturreko egoerak bortxatu behar dira. Hemen sartzen da Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testatzea.
HIL probetan bateria emulatzen da, modelo zehatzak erabiliz, bateria fisikoko zelulak erabili beharrean. Ondoren, BMSa helmugako hardware batean inplementatzen da (mikrokontrolagailua), eta operazio-egoerak behartu daitezke bateria fisikoen erabilerak dakartzan arriskurik gabe. Ez hori bakarrik, HIL testatzeak probak egiteko denbora eta kostuak murrizten ditu. Potentzia-elementu bat proba-prozesuan sartzen denean, HIL gaitasunak zabaltzen dira, eta horrek Power HIL (PHIL) testatzea eragiten du.
Lan honen ardatza PHIL plataforma bat garatzea da, BMS algoritmoak egiaztatzeko, eta bertan zehazten dira aipatutako plataforman elementuak konfiguratzeko abian jarritako urratsak. Modelo elektro-termiko zehatz baten denbora errealeko modelizazioa aurkezten da, Speedgoat Baseline M HIL  gailu batean exekutatzen dena. Gainera, Bateria Zelulen Emuladore (Battery Cell Emulator, BCE, ingelesez) bat  Baseline helburu makinarekin konektatuta dago eta PHIL ezaugarriak ditu. Azkenik, BMS softwarea, Modeloetan Oinarritutako Diseinuaren (Model Based Design, MBD, ingelesez) hurbilketa jarraituz garatua, NXP BMS hardware plataforma batean integratuta dago. PHIL sistemaren balidazioari buruzko emaitza esperimentalak ematen dira, BMS proben emaitza batzuekin batera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24998,2008,"From a victimological point of view, the victim is the central figure, eligible and elected, always having in mind his/her protection, with attention to the particular case, and to the general prevention of victimization. In this article, we analyze the outstanding variables for the study of the criminal couple –the offender andthe victim–, the knowledge or lacking of knowledge between the victim and the offender, the mutual attitudes and perceptions. Also, we show the victim genesis and the victim dynamics, explaining the victimogen factors –classified in biological, psychological and sociological– and establishing the victimization dynamics.","Biktimologian, biktima da figura nagusia, hautatu daitekeena eta hautatua dena, beti kasu partikularraren babesa eta arreta kontutan harturik, baita modu generalean biktimizazioaren prebentzioa ere. Artikulu honetan, bikote penalaren –gaizkilea eta biktima– ikerketarako aldagai aipagarriak aztertzen dira, biktima eta kaltegilearen ezagutza edo ezagutza eza, elkarrekiko jarrerak eta hautemateak. Era berean, biktimogenesia eta biktimodinamika aztertzen dira, alderdi biktimogenoak azaltzen direlarik –bai biologiko, psikologiko edo soziologikoak– eta biktimizazioaren dinamika ezartzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17659,2016-03-16,"In a school of Biscay projects have been made, without taking into account the interests of the student body. To keep in mind those interests, creating a virtual learning community was decided. Being virtual, the increasement of the use of the new technologies was expected. The virtual learning community was created in a webpage where, besides designing the project between all of the participants, they were given the chance to create resources to use in the activities. The site has undergone changes since its first sketch, in order to satisfy the scarcities and needs. Even though the virtual learning community was ready, it couldn’t be carried through due to the lack of time. Thus, to design the project in the web and accomplish the project designed by the participants, it should be designed at the start of the schoolyear.","Bizkaiko ikastetxe batean proiektuak egin izan dira, ikasleriaren interesak kontuan hartu gabe. Interes horiek kontuan izateko, ikaskuntza komunitate birtuala sortzea erabaki zen. Birtuala izanik, teknologia berrien erabilera sustatzea espero zen. Ikaskuntza komunitate birtuala web orrialde batean sortu zen, non partaide ororen artean proiektu bat diseinatzeaz gain, ekintzetan erabiltzeko baliabideak eratzeko aukera ematen zen bertan. Webguneak hasierako zirriborrotik aldaketak izan zituen, aztertzen ziren gabeziak edota beharrak asetzeko. Ikaskuntza komunitate birtuala prest egonda ere, ez zen aurrera eraman denbora faltagatik. Horrela, web orrialdean proiektua diseinatzeko eta partaideek diseinatutako proiektua burutu ahal izateko, ikasturte hasieratik diseinatu beharko litzateke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26051,1990,"Starting from the experience of work camps at the Penitentuary Ceter in Burgos, it reported its beginning, its objectives and activities.","Burgoseko Presondegiko lan-eremu esperientziatik abiatuz, bere sorrera, helburu eta iharduerez argibideak ematen zaizkigu,"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25559,1996,"Society makes emotionally very hard children. Children who feel and want to live violence. More and more, children involved in irrational and gratuitous actions are younger and their social state more variable. Together with this, the absence of feeling their responsability and evaluating the gravity of their behaviours results in the proliferation of violence amongst young people, and each day violent acts of children are more serious.","Gizartea oso haur emozionalki gogorrak egiten ari da, indarkeria sentitu eta bizi nahi duten haurrak. Bere adina gero eta gazteago da, eta bere gizarte-jatorria gero eta aldakorrago, arrazoigabe eta funts gabeko ekintzetan nahastuz. Honekin batera, eta bere jokaeren larritasunaren balorazio eta erantzukizunaren gabeziaren ondorioz, gazteen indarkeria gehiagotzen ari da eta haurren indarkeri ekintzak gero eta larriagoak dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73362,2025-05-07,"Naturalized outdoor spaces for children from 0 to 3 years of age promote comprehensive
development, taking into account the emotional and physical well-being of children. In
addition, from a gender perspective, they can explore and learn in inclusive and equitable
environments, without stereotypes or limitations. Therefore, the following Final Degree
Project seeks to combine both aspects, analyzing from a gender perspective the process of
naturalization of the outdoor space of the Zaramaga Municipal Nursery School and to
respond to the existing needs in the process through service learning. The objective of this
work has been, therefore, to make a diagnosis of the process, analyze the needs and
systematize the good practices. The results of this work show that the spaces in the process of
naturalization, in addition to complementing education, actively contribute to it. Therefore,
this work clearly concludes that the implementation of good practices in outdoor spaces and
with a gender perspective promotes the integral development of children from 0 to 3 years of
age, encouraging interaction with nature and free play, offering equal opportunities. These
environments and their pedagogical proposals enrich physical, emotional, social and
cognitive development, favoring inclusion and creativity","Egun, edatua da 0-3 urte bitarteko haurrentzako kanpo-espazioek, naturalizatuta daudenean,
ongizate emozionala zein fisikoa aintzat hartzen duen garapen integrala sustatzen dutenaren
ideia, baita haurtzaroan genero-ikuspegitik ingurune inklusibo eta ekitatiboetan esploratu eta
ikas dezaketela, estereotiporik eta mugarik gabe ziurtatu behar izatearena. Horregatik, honako
Gradu Amaierako Lanak bi alderdi hauek uztartzea bilatzen du eta horretarako Zaramaga
Udal Haur Eskolako kanpo espazioaren naturalizazio prozesua genero ikuspegitik aztertzean
eta ikaskuntza-zerbitzuaren bidez prozesuan dauden beharrei erantzutean datza. Lan honen
helburua beraz, prozesuaren diagnostiko bat egin, beharrak aztertu eta praktika onak
sistemazitzea izan da. Lan honen emaitzek argi adierazten dute, naturalizazio prozesuan
murgilduta dauden espazioek hezkuntza osatzeaz gain, hezkuntzari modu aktiboan laguntzen
diotela eta garbi ondorioztatzen du kanpo espazioetan eta genero ikuspuntua kontuak izanik
praktika onak martxan jartzeak 0-3 urte bitarteko haurren garapen integrala sustatzen dute,
naturarekiko elkarrekintza eta jolas librea sustatuz, berdintasunezko aukerak eskainiz.
Ingurune horiek eta bertan egiten diren proposamen pedagogikoek aberastu egiten baitute
garapen fisikoa, emozionala, soziala eta kognitiboa, inklusioa eta sormena bultzatuz"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60223,2023-03-03,"Death is present in all aspects of life. Therefore, this paper investigates its relevance and presence in children's literature. Through these writings, boys and girls can understand death, thus making this genre a key piece to comprehend reality and help them in the mourning of the loss of a loved one. Through the analysis of nine works that deal with the subject of death, we seek to analyze if they fulfill the function of dealing with this topic in a clear way, without using any kind of taboo, with the purpose of helping children understand and carry mourn into effect.","Heriotza bizitzaren alderdi guztietan agertzen da; horregatik, lan honek haur literaturan duen garrantzia eta presentzia aztertzen ditu. Haur-literaturaren bidez, haurrek heriotza uler dezakete, eta, horrela, haur literatura funtsezko baliabide bihur daiteke errealitatea ulertzeko eta maite duten pertsona bat galtzearen ondorioz doluetan laguntzeko. Heriotzaren gaia lantzen duten bederatzi lanen azterketaren bidez, heriotza modu argian lantzeko funtzioa betetzen duten aztertu nahi da, inolako taburik erabili gabe, haurrek dolua ulertzea eta egitea helburu izanik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14702,2015-03-03,"The following Grade’s Final Project presents the kinematic analysis and the development of a virtual model for implementation of the ABB’S IRB120 robot’s kynematic equations carried out during the 2013/2014 school year.
It begins with a State of the Art study of industrial robotics, followed by the obtaining of the robot’s location equations based on the input variables or degrees of freedom, by means of the matrixial method.
These equations are implemented in a MatLab model in order to be used for the direct and inverse position problem solving, as well as in path creation tools. Appart from that, its derivatives are also used in the calculation of the velocity of the terminal element.
Last, the 3D prototype robot is shown, as well as a graphic user’s control interface for the robot, and all the checking and validation works of the above-mentioned models over the real robot that have been carried out.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan ABB-ko IRB120 errobotaren analisi zinematikoa eta honen ekuazio zinematikoen inplementaziorako eredu birtual baten eraketa aurkezten da, 2013/2014 ikasturtean zehar egindakoak. Errobotika Industrialaren gaiaren egoeraren ikasketatik hasita, errobotaren kokapen ekuazioak planteatuz jarraitzen da, sarrera aldagaien menpean, metodo matrizialaren bitartez.
Esandako ekuazio hauek MatLab eredu batean inplementatuak dira kokapen arazo zuzena eta alderantzizkoaren ebazpenean, eta baita ibilbide sorrerako aplikazioetan. Horrez gain, hauen deribatuak muturreko elementuaren abiaduren kalkuluan erabiliak dira.
Azkenik, errobotaren 3D prototipoaren sorrera erakuzten da, hala nola kontrol interfaz grafikoa eta eredu birtual guztien balioztapen lanak, benetako errobotarekin alderatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20059,2017-01-02,"During the last years it has been an increasing emphasis to develop materials with a
sustainable point of view, materials that will enable to obtain better thermal results in the
frontage of buildings. The concrete blocks are one of the most used elements in
construction.
For this reason, the aim of this project is to study the behavior of the concrete replacing
the 15, 20 and 30 % in volume of the fine aggregate with wood chips.
It is necessary to focus on the decrease of the impact that supposes the extraction of the
fine aggregate, re-using the wood wastes and obtaining the best thermal behavior.
It will be necessary to do some tests: compression test, thermal conductivity test, wicking
test.
Thanks to the results obtained it will be able to determinate the best percentage of wood
chips.","Azkenengo urteotan ikuspuntu iraunkorretik hanpadura handia egon da inguratzaile
termikoen emaitza hobeak lortzeko materialen garapenean. Eraikuntzan eraikinen
inguratzaileen gaian materialik erabilietarikoa hormigoi blokea da.
Hau dela eta lan honek hormigoiaren portaera aztertzea du helburu agregakin finaren %15,
%20 eta %30 bolumen portzentajean egurrezko txirbilez ordezkatuz. Hau guztia agregakin
finaren erauzketak suposatzen duen inpaktua jeitsiz eta egur hondakinak berrerabiltzera
bideratuz.
Horretarako hormigoiaren karakterizazioa egingo da probeta batzuen bidez dentsitate,
kapilaritate bidezko xurgatze, propietate mekaniko eta eroankortasun termikoa zehaztuz.
Guzti honi esker egurrezko txirbil portzentaje onena zein den zehaztu ahalko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60235,2023-03-03,"Each student throughout their lives has had to go through different experiences, in many cases affecting their learning process. This is what the concept of ACE (Adverse Chilhood Experiences) refers to. These experiences and situations (family problems, abuse and neglect) can affect the student's development; therefore, the objective of this work will be to find out what the members of a school know about this subject, observe the reality and compare the information with different experts, trying to learn what should really be done in those situations.","Ikasle bakoitzak bere bizitzan zehar bizipen eta egoera desberdinak bizi behar izan ditu, kasu askotan bere ikaskuntza prozesuan eragina izanik. Honi, ACE kontzeptuak egiten dio erreferentzia, euskaraz “haurtzaroko esperientzia kaltegarri goiztiarrak” bezala ezagutzen dena. Esperientzia eta egoera horiek (familia barruko arazoak, abusua eta abandonua) eragina izan dezakete ikasleen garapenean; hori dela eta, lan honen helburua eskola bateko kideek, lagin modura hartuta, gai honi buruz dakitena jakitea, errealitatea behatzea eta adituekin informazioa alderatzea izango da, benetan honako egoera baten aurrean egin beharko litzatekeena ikasi nahian."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50735,2021-03-22,"In this work the importance of the arts in Early Childhood Education is exposed and the artistic installation is shown as an innovative proposal in a 2-year-old classroom. The space is illuminated by black or ultraviolet light to create an environment of sensory stimuli and is distributed in three areas: the meeting area, the post-it area and the drawing area, through which children can move freely. This recreational space that is proposed looks for the start into the game of children, through its aesthetics and the available materials making possible symbolic and presymbolic play, and fostering social interactions.
Documentation has been carried out using images and field notes to analyse, understand, interpret and obtain results from the actions of children. These results have been analysed, obtaining as main conclusions that the artistic installation allows freedom of action, participation, collaboration, divergent thinking and sensitivity, thus facilitating an integral development in children.","Arteek Haur Hezkuntzan duten garrantzia azaltzen da lan honetan, eta instalazio artistikoa proposamen berritzaile gisa erakusten da 2 urteko gela batean. Espazioa argi beltzez edo ultramorez argiztatuta dago, zentzumen-estimuluen ingurune bat sortzeko, eta hiru eremutan banatuta dago: elkargunea, post-it gunea eta marrazketa gunea, haurrak askatasunez ibil daitezkeenak. Planteatzen den jolasgune honek, estetikaren eta prestatutako materialen bidez, haurrak jolasean sartzea bilatzen du, jolas sinbolikoa eta aurresimbolikoa ahalbidetuz, eta elkarreragin sozialak bultzatzen.
Irudien eta landa-oharren bidezko dokumentazioa egin da, haurren jarduerak aztertzeko, ulertzeko, interpretatzeko eta haien emaitzak lortzeko. Emaitza horiek aztertzean, ondorio nagusi hauek atera dira: instalazio artistikoak ekintza-askatasuna, parte-hartzea, lankidetza, pentsamendu dibergentea eta sentsibilitatea ahalbidetzen ditu, eta, horrela, haurren garapen integrala errazten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23233,2017-07,"The present paper analyses the design and fabrication process of a delta parallel
manipulator prototype. This process contains three main steps: the analysis of the kinematics
through the creation of a flexible mathematic model, the designs of a valid prototype through CAD
techniques and the use of fabrication procedures to obtain it. The methodology implemented in every
step will be analysed, besides its industrial viability and advantages over other options.","Dokumentu honek delta motako manipuladore paralelo baten diseinu eta
fabrikazio prozesuak aztertuko ditu. Prozesu horretan hiru pauso bereizi daitezke:
zinematikaren analisia modelo matematiko malgu baten sorkuntzaren bitartez, prototipo
onargarri baten diseinua CAD tekniken bidez eta prototipoa eskuratzeko fabrikazio
metodoen erabilera. Pauso bakoitzean inplementatutako metodologia aztertu egingo da,
bere erabilera industrialetarako aplikagarritasuna eta beste aukeren aurrean dituen
abantailekin batera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14700,2015-03-03,"It is made a study about using ""orujillo"" as a fuel, to generate electricity with the extra
benefit that meanwhile it eliminates residues. For this study, they will be explained the
process of how to get the fuel, its characteristics and the possible alternatives of its
valorization comparing these among themselves. After choosing an alternative, the
necessary equipment for the plant will be described and the thermodynamic
calculations for this case will be carried out. Finally, they will be made a budget of the investment, the analysis of the tasks and another one of the risks and at last, the
analysis of the plant’s profitability will also be developed.","Oliba-patsaren erabilera erregai bezala aztertzen da, elektrizitatea lortzeko eta
hondakinen kentzearen abantaila izanda. Horretarako, oliba-patsa lortzeko prozesua
azalduko da, baita bere ezaugarriak eta bere balorizazio alternatiba posibleak ere,
azkeneko hauek elkarrekin alderatzen direlarik. Geroago, alternatiba aukeratu ostean,
instalaziorako beharrezkoak izango diren ekipoak deskribatuko dira eta kasu honen
kalkulu termodinamikoak egingo dira. Azkenengoz, inbertsiorako aurrekontua egingo
da, zereginen eta arriskuen analisia eta zentralaren errentagarritasunaren analisiarekin amaituko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47693,2020-11-04,"The Mars Express mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) has been in the orbit of Mars since 2003 and has made great contributions to improve the existent knowledge about the red planet. Two of the instruments of this spacecraft are the Visual Monitoring Camera (VMC) and the High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC). The main objective of this project has been to study the different dynamical features (hazes, clouds, dust arcs, dust storms) that can be seen in the north polar region of the planet during the spring season (Ls= 0⁰-90⁰) of the northern hemisphere in the 35th MY (Martian Year). In addition to taking measurements of these structures, a theoretical analysis of the obtained results has been done using tools like the Mars Climate Database (MCD).","Europako Espazio Agentziaren (ESA) Mars Express misioa 2003tik dago Marteren orbitan eta planeta gorriari buruz dagoen ezagutza handitzera lagundu du. Espazio ontzi honetako bi instrumentu Visual Monitoring Camera (VMC) eta High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) dira. Proiektu honen helburua tresna horien irudiak erabiltzea izan da, marteko 35. urteko hemisferio horren udaberrian (Ls= 0⁰-90⁰) planetaren iparraldeko eskualde polarrean sortzen diren estrukturak (lainoak, hodeiak, hauts-arkuak eta hauts-ekaitzak) aztertzeko. Egitura horiek neurtzeaz gain, lortutako emaitzen analisi teorikoa egin da, Mars Climate Database (MCD) bezalako tresnak erabiliz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25123,2004,"The modern societies experience a process of social and religious reconfiguration. In this context, the vertiginous proliferation of an uncertain number of religious-sectarians associations registered in the last years, together with the unlucky coercive actions exerted by some of them, have contributed to generate an alarming and indiscriminate opinion state. Starting from this idea, a social theoretical explanatory profile is elaborated to interpret the social and religious dynamicity, so diffuse and changing.","Gizarte modernoak, berkonfigurazio sozio-erlijioso batetan murgildurik azaltzen dira. Kontestu honetan, eta azken urteetan azaldu diren hainbat erakunde erlijioso-sektarioak kontutan hartuta, gizartean alarma eta diskriminazioa sortu dela azaltzen da. Hemendik abiatuta, gaur egungo dinamizazio sozio erlijioso zirriborrotsu eta aldatzailea ulertzen laguntzen duen kuadro teoriko sozial bat azaltzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20094,2017-01-09,"Emotional intelligence is an essential matter for society and thus for educational

institutions. This paper attempts not only to show the reality regarding this issue in

schools and specifically in the infant stage, but to provide an answer to the needs of

families and teachers by offering material to work with emotional intelligence through

tales. For this purpose, a guide and a website are offered to help develop the emotional

skills in children, in order for them to grow emotionally intelligent.","Adimen emozionala gizartean eta hezkuntza erakundeetan funtsezko gaia bilakatu da.

Lan honen bidez, eskoletan gai honen inguruan dagoen errealitatea azaldu nahi izan da,

zehazki, haur hezkuntzako etapan. Horretarako, familia eta irakasleei adimen

emozionala ipuinen bidez lantzeko materiala eskaini zaie, beroien beharrei erantzuna

emateko aburuz, hain zuzen ere. Gauzak horrela, lan honen xedea gida eta webgune bat

eskaintzea izan da haurren gaitasun emozionalak garatzen laguntzeko eta haur

hezkuntzako haurrak emozionalki adimentsuak haz daitezen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/49057,2020-12-15,"The origin and evolution of large-scale structure (LSS) is an active area of research within physical cosmology. In this work, we begin by deriving the lambda-cold dark matter (ΛCDM) model. Within this framework, we study the methods used to explain the linear and nonlinear growth of cosmological structure, from initial small fluctuations to Mpc-scale collapsed objects. Those methods range from Lagrangian perturbation theory to computational N-body simulations. Finally, we study the robustness of the results of a suite of simulations, with special attention to the density profile of dark matter halos and the effects of limited numerical resolution.","Eskala handiko egituraren (LSS) jatorria eta bilakaera ikerketa-eremu aktiboa da kosmologia fisikoaren barnean. Lan honetan, lambda-materia ilun hotza (ΛCDM) eredua eratorriz hasten gara. Marko teoriko honen barnean, egitura kosmologikoen hazkuntza lineal zein ez-lineal azaltzen duten ereduak aztertzen ditugu, jatorrizko fluktuazio txikietatik Mpc-eskalako objektu kolapsatuetaraino.Metodo horiek lagrangiar perturbazio-teoriatik konputagailu bidezko N gorputzeko simulazio numerikoetara doaz. Azkenik, simulazio-multzo baten emaitzen sendotasuna aztertzen dugu, materia iluneko haloen dentsitate-profilari eta erresoluzio numeriko mugatuaren efektuei erreparatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19663,2016-11-30,"The basis of this project is to create a hydrogel that fulfils the needs of the Gik Live Company. This hydrogel will help raise the awareness about the company’s product: Sweet blue wine with no guarantee of origin. Therefore, its use will be merely decorative. So as to emulate the wine’s appearance and colour, the company will provide the colorant for the hydrogel synthetized from a biocompatible polymer and distilled water. The purpose of this project is finding the adequate mass volume concentration as well as the number of frosting-defrosting cycles and their duration. Whether the hydrogel is suitable or not for this application will be determined by the inverted vial test.","Proiektu honen oinarria Gik Live konpainiaren beharra betetzen duen hydrogel bat egitea da. Hidrogel honek konpainiaren produktuari buruzko ezagutza jasotzea da: Ardo gozo urdina jatorri-deitura gabea. Honegaitik haren erabilera bakarra apaingarria izango da. Ardoaren itxura eta koloreak berdintzeko, konpainiak biobateragarria del polimero bategaz eta ur distilatuagaz egindako hidrogelarentzat koloratzaikea hornituko dau. Proiektu honen herburua masa-bolumen portzentai egokia aurkitzea da, baita izozketa-desizozketa ziklo kopurua eta haien iraupena be. Hidrogela aplikazio honetarako egokia den ala ez alderantzizko bialaren probagaz zehaztuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18302,2016-05-26,"This bachelor degree thesis, firstly, identifies the key factors that must be thought-about when designing a sustainable urbanism. Secondly, this thesis further develops on these principles extrapolating them to the design of industrial areas, therefore generating a simple guide that determines and defines the key steps that have to be considered when undertaking the process of sustainable industrial area design.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, lehenik, hirigintza jasangarri baten diseinuan kontuan izan beharreko alderdi nagusien azterketa burutzen da. Alderdiak ezagutu ondoren, oinarri horiek industria guneen diseinura nola estrapolatu ikusiko da. Gida sinple bat sortuz, non diseinu jasangarri bat egiteko orduan jarraitu beharreko oinarrizko pausoak azalduko diren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29462,2018-10-31,"In this final grade work the relationship between the thermal transfer 
coefficient (U-value) and  energy consumptionof  a  Passive  House  have  been  verified.  In  the  first place, these terms have been defined and currentregulations regarding the Passive House standard have been analysed. In the second place, detached single family Passive Houses in  Spain,  Italy  and  France  have beenclassified in  different  ways  to  calculate  Pearson correlation coefficient and perform  different  regression between the  different  types  of thermal transmission coefficients and the different types of energy consumption. Finally, in Spain a more detailed analysis has been done.","Gradu amaierako lan honen bitartez, Passive House motako etxeen transferentzia termikoaren koefizienteak (U-balioa) kontsumo energetikoan daukan eragina frogatu nahi izan da. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin aipaturiko terminoak definitu dira eta Passive House estandarraren inguruan indarrean dagoen araudia ikertu da. Ondoren, Espainiako, Italiako eta Frantziako Passive House etxebizitza familia-bakarrak hartu dira kontutan eta era ezberdinetan sailkatu dira transferentzia termikoaren koefiziente desberdinen eta kontsumo energetiko mota desberdinen arteko Pearson korrelazioak kalkulatzeko eta erregresio desberdinak egiteko. Azkenik, Espainiako kasua modu sakonago batean ikertu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14707,2015-03-04,The main goal in this work is solving the kinematics problem for a parallel mechanism analyzing parasitic motions and the influence of these on the problem. In order to achieve this the first step will be to build a CAD model of the machine. Afterwards the kinematics equations will be solved and the solution of the problem will be programmed in MATLAB. Finally the obtained results will be compared with a similar machine but a slightly different configuration.,Dena den lan honen helburua manipuladore paralelo baten posizio problema ebastea da mugimendu parasitoak aztertuta eta problemarengan duten influentzia ikusita. Horretarako egingo dugun lehenengo gauza makinaren CAD modelo bat izango da. Hau egin ondoren posizio ekuazioak ebatsiko ditugu eta posizio problemaren ebaspena programatuko dugu MATLAB bezalako software batean. Azkenik lortutako emaitzak antzekoa den mekanismo batekin komparatuko dira.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63467,2023-06-09,"Over the past decade, the increase in tourist housing has been at the heart of public debate. That is why many municipalities have raised the need to organize or limit these dwellings. This Final Project, through jurisprudence guidelines, will analyse the legal regime for tourist housing in recent years through tourism, municipal ordinances and urban planning. The analysis of these, and in particular the situation in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country, will make it possible to identify the conflicts that may arise and, finally, to propose legal solutions to deal with this phenomenon in order to ensure a balance between the freedom to provide services and the right to city or decent housing.","Azken hamarkadan, erabilera turistikoko etxebizitzen gorakada eztabaida publikoaren erdigunean jarri da. Horregatik, udalerri askok etxebizitza horiek antolatzeko edo mugatzeko beharra planteatu dute. Gradu Amaierako Lan honek, jurisprudentziaren gidalerroen bidez, azken urteotan turismoaren, udal-ordenantzen eta hirigintza-plangintzaren bidez erabilera turistikoko etxebizitzen eraentza juridikoa aztertuko ditu. Hauen azterketari esker, eta bereziki Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko egoerari erreparatuta, sor daitezkeen gatazkak identifikatuko dira, eta azkenik, fenomeno honi aurre egiteko irtenbide juridikoak proposatuko dira, hirirako edo etxebizitza duinerako eskubidea eta zerbitzuak emateko askatasunen artean oreka bat bermatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25853,2018-03-21,"The purpose of this paper is to analyze how and to what extent is self-esteem developed in the Urtxintxa program within the Local Ikastolas regarding Preschool. The first step for the proper development of the project has been the theoretical review of the self-esteem term, focusing on the preschool education’s own analysis. This framework will serve on the analysis of the Urtxintxa project. There have been two different sources used in the analysis for the sole purpose of seeing the difference between the theoretical and practical frameworks. On the one hand, the official documents of the Urtxintxa project and on the other hand, questionnaires from actual Urtxintxa users. In short, Urtxintxa project shows several gaps regarding self-esteem, hence, there is a chance for improvement in certain aspects.","Lan honen helburua, Ikastolen Elkarteko Haur Hezkuntzarako Urtxintxa programan autoestima lantzen ote den eta lanketa hau zein eratan burutzen den aztertzea da. Lana burutzeko lehen pauso gisa, autoestimari buruzko errebisio teorikoa egin da, bereziki Haur Hezkuntzan beronen lanketan oinarrituaz, bertako marko teorikoa erabili delarik gero Urtxintxa Proiektua aztertzeko. Azterketa bi esparrutan burutu da, alde batetik, Urtxintxa Proiektuko dokumentu edo euskarri ofizialak eta bestetik, teoria eta praktikaren arteko aldea ikusteko asmoarekin, proiektu hau erabiltzen duten zenbait irakasleri galdesorta bat pasa zaie. Oro har, azterketatik ondorioztatu ahal izan dugu, Urtxintxa proiektuak badituela autoestima lantzeko hainbat gako nahiz eta oraindik zenbait puntu hobe ditzakeen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27325,1997,"Racism is analysed from the point of view of Law’s Philosophie, advising the need to protect person in the face of Law. Likewise there is a short analyse of the concept of “difference” and the concept of “identity”. Finally, the text exposes the concept of “respect” in relation to legal status and insists on the need of safeguard’s norms in the face of juridical norms.","Arrazakeriaren fenomenoa Zuzenbidearen Filosofiaren ikuspegitik aztertzen da eta gizabanakoaZuzenbidearen aurrean babesteko beharra azpimarratzen da. Aldi berean, desberdintasun kontzeptuaren azterketa laburra egiten da, nortasun kontzeptuarekin erlazionaturik. Bukatzeko, errespetu kontzeptua garatzen da, nortasun juridikoarekin erlazionaturik, arau juridikoen aurrean babes arauak egon beharra
azpimarratuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23175,2017-07,"In this document, the effect that horizontal actions produce in the buildings is shown, of which the wind and the seism are highlighted. Not only is their nature studied, but also the procedures to work out their value in line with what the regulations claim. With the aim of supporting their consequences, rigid porticoes, walls and bracings are the main constructive solutions for the time being, and their applicability is determined depending on the constructive material used. To sum up, the main goal of the document is to give a global insight into the bracing systems.","Agiri honetan akzio horizontalek eraikuntzengan duten eragina erakusten da, zeinetatik haizea eta lurrikara nabarmentzen diren. Beraien izaera ikasteaz gain, eraikuntzetan sortzen dituzten zamak kalkulatzeko prozedurak aurkezten dira, egungo araudiaren arabera. Eraginok eusteko helburuarekin, portiko zurrun, triangulazio eta hormak diren eraikitze soluzio nagusiak bereizten dira batik bat, zeinen eraikigarritasuna aurkezten den erabilitako eraikitze materialaren arabera. Laburbilduz, txarrantxatze sistema nagusien ikuspegi orokor bat aurkeztea da lanaren helburua nagusia."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73246,2025-05-07,"Reading is important and basic in Primary Education. Thus, the general objective of this work has been to analyze the reading development of students throughout the 2nd and 3rd cycles of Primary Education in a public school in a Basque town in Bizkaia, taking into account habits, motivation, attitudes and academic self-concept. To achieve this objective, students were asked to answer a questionnaire. The questionnaire was answered by 154 students, and it was designed for this work and the questions were based on reading habits, motivation, attitude and self-concept. The results, in general, have shown that as the level increases, there is less liking for reading and more negative motivations and habits, and in terms of gender, girls show more positive results regarding reading.","Irakurketa garrantzitsua eta oinarrizkoa da Lehen Hezkuntzan. Horregatik, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu orokorra izan da Bizkaiko herri euskaldun bateko eskola publiko baten Lehen Hezkuntzako 2. eta 3. zikloan zehar ikasleen irakurzaletasunaren garapena aztertzea, ohiturak, motibazioa, jarrerak eta autokontzeptu akademikoa kontuan hartuta. Helburu hori erdiesteko, ikasleei galdetegi bati erantzuteko eskatu zaie. Galdetegiari 154 ikaslek erantzun diote. Galdetegia lan honetarako diseinatu da eta galderak irakur ohiturak, motibazioa, jarrera eta autokontzeptuan oinarrituta egon dira. Emaitzek, oro har erakutsi dute ikasmailetan gora egin ahala, irakurzaletasun gutxiago eta motibazio eta ohitura negatiboagoak daudela eta generoari dagokionez, neskek irakurketarekiko emaitza positiboagoak erakutsi dituztela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14034,2015-01-16,"The aim of this end-of-degree Project is to analyze the relevance that it has been given to family diversity in Primary School. To this end, it has been decided to investigate a particular case in a certain school, whose ownership is held by the Catholic Church-Bilbao Diocese. The main point of the project is to analyze how the school confessional ideology can be problematic when the moment of working in the new family type diversity comes. A qualitative approach has been used through the study, being group debate, wide range conversation, observation and content analysis the most used techniques. Thanks to the information gathered through these techniques, many conclusions have been drawn and, finally, having all of them into account, a proposal of improvement has been developed.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honek Haur Hezkuntzako etapan familia aniztasunari ematen zaion trataera aztertzea du helburu. Horretarako Bilboko Elizbarrutiko ikastetxe zehatz batean kasu ikerketa bat egitea erabaki da. Azterketaren ardatza ikastetxearen izaera konfesionala familia eredu berrien aniztasuna lantzeko zenbateraino traba izan litekeen frogatzea izan da. Ikerketarako erabilitako metodologia kualitatiboa izan da, eztabaida taldea, elkarrizketa sakonak, behaketak eta edukien analisien bidezko teknikak nagusiak izanik. Teknika horien bitartez lortutako informazioaren inguruan zenbait ondorio atera dira eta, azkenik, horiek guztiak kontuan harturik hobekuntzarako proposamena planteatu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29283,2018-10-23,"Currently  the  R&D  department  of  the  Higher  Technical  School  of  Engineering of  Bilbao is developing a motorized vest whose purpose is to help in the execution of movement recovery 
exercises to patients who have suffered a brain stroke,
more specifically for the movements in which the upper 
torso participates.
As a result of this project, the need arises to create a structure, which simulates the behaviour of a standing frame, to be able to carry out the tests of the vest and in this way to assure the correct behaviour
of the product.
This work presents the design and later the fabrication of a standing structure, whose purpose 
will be to keep a person upright.
Especially designed for patients suffering from partial loss of 
mobility. The structure will be manufactured with square aluminium profiles and 3D printing plastic.","Gaur  egun 
Bilboko  Ingeniaritzako  Goiko  Eskola  I+D-etako  departamentuan  garatzen  ari  da 
txaleko 
motorizatuta
bat, zeinen helburua
iktusa sufritu 
duten pazienteentzako mugimendu 
errekuperazio  ariketa  errealizazioari  laguntzea  den,  espezifikokiago  gorputz-enborrak  parte 
hartzen duen mugimenduak.
Proiektu   honen   ondorioz,   agertzen   da   txalekoko   probak   egin   ahal   izateko   egitura, 
bipedestador bateko funtz ionamenduaren alegia egiten duena, 
produktuaren 
funtzionamendu zuzena honela ziurtatzeko.
Lan  honek  diseinua  aurkezten  du  eta  geroago 
bipedestacion-etako  egiturako  fabrikazioa, 
zeinen
helburua   pertsona   bat   posizio   bertikalean   mantentzea   izango   den.   Bereziki 
higikortasuneko galera partzialeko gaitza duten pazienteentzat diseinatuta. Egitura egingo da 
aluminioko profil karratuekin eta 3D inprimatze plastikoarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73254,2025-05-07,"This study examines the effectiveness of direct versus indirect written corrective feedback on the Present Simple tense among primary students. Two groups of 11-12 year-olds completed two writing tasks. One group was given direct feedback, and the other received indirect feedback on their first task. The error rates in the second task were then analyzed and compared with the first one. Results show that direct feedback led to greater grammatical accuracy. However, the study also found that students' motivation and attitudes significantly influenced their performance, highlighting the importance of affective factors in feedback efficacy.","Ikerketa honek zuzeneko eta zeharkako feed-backa zuzenketa idatziaren eraginkortasuna aztertzen du lehen hezkuntzako ikasleen artean, orain aditz-denbora sinplearen erabileran. 11 eta 12 urteko bi ikasle-taldek bi idazketa-lan egin zituzten. Talde batek zuzeneko feed-backa jaso zuen, eta besteak zeharkako feed-backa bere lehen zereginaren gainean. Ondoren, bigarren zeregineko errore-kopurua aztertu eta alderatu zen lehenengoarekin. Emaitzek erakusten dute zuzeneko feed-backa zehaztasun gramatikal handiagoa ekarri zuela. Hala ere, azterlanaren arabera, ikasleen motibazioak eta jarrerek eragin nabarmena izan zuten haien jardunean, eta faktore afektiboek atzeraelikaduraren eraginkortasunean duten garrantzia nabarmendu zen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36520,2019-11-27,"The  following  work  pretends  to  be  a  guide  of  consultation  and  application  for  the development and implantation of the methodology of the ""Design of experiments"" DOE, in the different equipments of industrial scales of the company DIBAL. The  project  arises through the  proposals  of  DIBAL. The  need  to  improve  leads  to  the search  for  methodologies  that  allow  to  increase  the  quality  of  their  industrial  scales. Globalization and the existence of internationally open markets, in a technological sector such as ""precision, measurement and control devices"" in which DIBAL operates, make innovation and continuous improvement essential for their survival and future success. Therefore, the search for tools that help the improvement and innovation of the company and its products is paramount and must have a daily presence in business. DIBAL has a quality process and final verification of their scales but does not perform any  type  of  test  on  their  equipment  that  allows  obtaining  and  confirming  the  working parameters  that  generate  the  best  performance  of  the  process.  After  a  period  of research, we opt for the statistical methodology of the experimental design, in English DOE, Design of Experiments.  The DOE allows DIBAL to check whether the parameters with which the teams work are the most efficient, or not, and what would be the best possible answers. It also helps to design  the  most  optimal  experimental  strategy  by  reducing  unnecessary  experimental repetitions. This  allows  the  best  design  of the machine  and  a  better  adaptation  to the customer's needs.","Hurrengo  lanak,  DIBAL  enpresako  balantza  industrial  ekipamendu  desberdinetako erreferentzia eta aplikazio gida izan nahi du, DOE diseinu esperimentalaren metodologia garatzeko eta ezartzeko. Proiektuak  DIBALen  proposamenen  bidez  sortzen  da.  Hobetzeko  premiak,  balantza industrialen  kalitatea  areagotzeko  aukera  ematen  duten  metodologiak  biltzea  dakar. Berrikuntza eta etengabeko hobekuntza funtsezkoak dira bizirauteko eta etorkizunean arrakasta  izateko,  bereziki  DIBALek  funtzionatzen  duen  sektore  teknologikoan,  hala nola,  “doitasun,  neurketa  eta  kontrol  aparatuak”,  globalizazio  eta  irekita  dauden nazioarteko  merkatuen  esistentziagatik.  Horregatik,  enpresaren  eta  bere  produktuen hobekuntza  eta  berrikuntzan  laguntzen  duten  tresnak  funtsezkoak  dira,  eta  negozio jardueran eguneroko presentzia izan behar dute. DIBALek bere balantzen kalitate eta azken egiaztapenen prozesu bat du, baina ez du prozesuaren  funtzionamendurik  onena  sortzen  duten  lan  parametroen  lorpen  eta baieztapenen probarik egiten bere ekipamenduetan. Ikerketa aldi baten ondoren, diseinu esperimentalaren  metodologia  estatistikoa  aukeratzen  da,  ingeleraz  DOE,  Design  of Experiments. DOEk ekipamenduak lan egiten duen parametroak egokienak diren ala ez egiaztatzea baimentzen du DIBAL, eta ahalik eta erantzun onenak zeintzuk izan litezke argitzen du. Era  berean,  estrategia  esperimental  hoberena  diseinatzen  laguntzen  du,  alferrikako errepikapen  esperimentalak  murrizten  dituen  bitartean.  Horrela,  makinaren  diseinu onena ziurtatzea eta bezeroaren beharretara hobeto egokitzea lortzen da"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63723,2023-07-04,"This paper will address the transition from the disciplinary society named by Foucault to the control society analyzed by Deleuze. This will allow us to understand the changes that have occurred throughout history, from punishment to the different instruments that have been used to maintain social control. Even so, the societies of control have not been the only successors that have been described, since the Korean American philosopher Han, went against Deleuze's analysis and exposed another society that followed the one described by Foucault, the society of exhaustion or performance. But if Deleuze and Han agree on anything, it is that one of the most powerful devices today are the media, which exercise the discursive practice analyzed by Foucault in his analysis of power to impose knowledge and truth on society. On many occasions, the media have alliances with political parties, which use their reach to benefit their electoral campaign. One of the ways to gain power is through punitivism, through the slogan ""the more years in prison the less crime"" and many politicians are carried away by the demands of citizens, thus avoiding to study the problem from the root and seek more effective answers than the custodial sentence, the confinement par excellence from disciplinary societies.","Lan honetan, Foucault-ek izendatutako diziplina-sozietatetik Deleuze-k aztertutako kontrol-sozietatera egon den igarotzea aztertuko da. Horri esker, historian zehar izan diren aldaketak ulertu ahal izango ditugu, zigorretik hasi eta kontrol sozialari eutsi ahal izateko erabili diren tresnetaraino. Hala ere, kontrol-elkarteak ez dira deskribatu diren ondorengo bakarrak izan, Han filosofo korear amerikarrak Deleuze-ren analisiaren aurka egin baitzuen, eta Foucault-ek deskribatutakoari jarraitzen zion beste gizarte bat azaldu zuen, nekearen edo errendimenduaren gizartea. Baina, zerbaitetan ados badaude Deleuze eta Han, gaur egun gailurik boteretsuenetako bat komunikabideak direla da. Foucault-en ideia asko tresna berri hauekin alderatu daitezke; adibidez, Foucault-ek aztertutako diskurtso-praktikak hedabideek gauzatzen dituzte, gizartean jakintza eta egia bat inposatzeko helburuarekin. Askotan, hedabideek aliantzak dituzte alderdi politikoekin, eta alderdi horien irismena hauteskunde-kanpainaren mesedetan erabiltzen dute. Boterea irabazteko moduetako bat punitibismoaren bidez da: “zenbat eta urte gehiagoko espetxealdia, orduan eta delinkuentzia gutxiago” diskurtsoa zabalduz, eta asko dira herritarren eskarien mende dauden politikariak. Horrela, saihestu egiten da arazoa errotik aztertzea eta erantzun eraginkorragoak bilatzea. Izan ere, kontrol-gizarteetan geroz eta aukera gehiago daude zigorra gauzatzeko espetxetik at, hau da, gaur egun badaude presoak espetxerik gabe kontrolpean izateko mekanismoak ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36531,2019-11-27,"Abstract: this thesis consists on the preliminary design and analysis of a VTOL (Vertical Take Off and Landing) wing structure. The main objective is to design an internal structure which supports the external force in cruise phase.
To get this point, firstly, aerodynamic pressure charges, which affect the wing, have been calculated. After that, the materials have been choosen, in this case aluminium alloys and composite material. Then, a finite element method model has been created, taking into account some specific boundary conditions to analyze and optimize the prelimanary design.
Finally, the results of the different analysis have been compared, and a final section has been added in order to describe the next steps to get the final model.","Laburpena: gradu amaierako lan hau VTOL baten hegoaren atariko diseinuan eta analisian datza. Oinarrizko helburua gurutzaldi-fasean dauden kanpoko indarrak jasan behar dituen barneko egitura diseinatzea da.
Horretarako, lehendabizi, hegoan eragiten dituzten aerodinamika presioa kargak kalkulatu dira. Ondoren, materialak aukeratu dira, kasu honetan, aluminiozko aleazioak eta material konposatuak. Jarraian, atariko diseinu modeloa, elementu finituen bidez, sortu da, inguru egoera espezifikoa kontuan hartuz. Segidan, analisia eta optimizazioa egin dira.
Amaitzeko, analisi ezberdinen emaitzak konparatu dira eta beste atal bat gehitu da, azkenengo modeloa lortzeko eman behar diren hurrengo hurratsak aipatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41367,2020-02-20,"Nowadays, the early schooling rate is higher than ever before, and considering the importance and transcendence of the first years of life, we must reflect on the educator´s work. The educator performs direct interventions when taking care of children, one of the most important care moments is the meal, because children build safe and strong relationships with the food (which will be their energy source) and with their caregiver (which will be their security source). Thus, the aim of this work is to observe and to analyze the educator´s performance at mealtime, in particular the aspects related to actions, gesture and language. The outcomes of this systematic observation show that different aspects must be taken into consideration in order to become the meal into a moment of quality care. This way, we would help children to become aware of themselves and promote their participation in meals. (English)","Gaur egun eskolaratzea inoiz baino goiztiarragoa da, eta lehen haurtzaroak bizitza osoan zehar duen garrantzia kontutan hartuta, hezitzailearen jardunaren inguruko hausnarketa beharrezkoa da. Hezitzaileak zaintza uneetan esku hartze zuzena egiten du, eta zaintza une garrantzitsuenetako bat jateko ordua da, bai energia iturri duen janariarekin bai hezitzailearekin harreman sendoa eraikitzen duelako. Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua egoera erreal batean, bazkalorduak behatzea da, hain zuzen ere, hezitzaile batek bazkalorduetan ekintzari, keinuei eta hizkuntzari dagokionez dituen portaerak eta joerak behatzea eta aztertzea. Behaketa sistematikoaren ondorioz lortutako emaitzek erakutsi dute hainbat alderdi izan behar direla kontutan zaintza kalitatezkoa izan dadin, umeari bere buruaren kontzientzia hartzen laguntzeko eta jatorduetan bere parte hartzea bultzatzeko. (Euskara)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16480,2015-12-16,"In this degree ending project, design and tough optimization of lugs for a competition swingarm will be held. These lugs will be the connection between the swingarm and the suspension triangle. The design and finite element analysis necessary to make the tough optimization will be made by using the PTC Creo Parametric software.
The starting point of this project, will be a swingarm from a bike of the motostudent competition. In this, resiliently optimized lug will be added. To search optimization, the first version of the lugs will be designed. Once added to the swingarm, finite element calculations will be performed at different geometric variations of these lugs. The aim of this analysis is to find the optimum geometry of the lugs, being the tensions created in them less than allowable fatigue tension.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan, baskulatzaile baten orejeten diseinua eta optimizazio erresistentea burutuko dira. Orejeta horien betebeharra, esekidura-triangeluaren eta baskulatzailearen arteko lotura izatea izango da. Diseinua eta optimizazio erresistentea garatzeko egin behar diren elementu finituen analisiak, PTC Creo Parametric softwarearen bidez gauzatuko dira.
Proiektu honen abiapuntua, motostudent lehiaketako motozikleta baten baskulatzailea da. Honi aipatutako orejetak gehitu beharko zaizkio, eta horien optimizazio erresistentea lortu. Optimizazioa bilatzeko orejeten lehen bertsio bat diseinatuko da. Behin orejetak baskulatzaileari erantsita, elementu finituen analisiak burutuko dira orejeten bariazio geometriko desberdinekin. Analisi horien helburua, orejetek geometria optimoena izatea da, agertzen diren tentsioak neke-tentsio onargarria baino txikiagoak izanik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25854,2018-03-21,"This academic work introduces a didactic proposal carried out in the fourth year of Primary School. The aim is to work on emotional self-knowledge as it is crucial for the integral development of students. That way, the mindfulness has been used as a way of developing the emotional competence. The process of elaboration required to undertake a research; moreover, an evaluation has been designed to analyse the progress of students. As for the results, the participants were able to identify and name emotions, observe the relation between emotions and body, and to release from unpleasant feelings using self-regulation techniques.","Lan honetan Lehen Hezkuntzako laugarren mailan egindako proposamen didaktikoa aurkeztuko da. Helburua ikasgelan autoezagutza emozionala lantzea izango da, ikasleen garapen integralerako oso garrantzitsua baita. Hori abiapuntutzat hartuta, mindfulness teknika erabili da gaitasun emozionala garatzeko baliabide gisa. Esku-hartzea diseinatzeko, informazio bilaketa egin da; halaber, ebaluazio bat egin da ikasleen aurrerapenak aztertzeko. Emaitzei dagokienez, aipatzekoa da, ikasleak gai izan direla sentimendu eta emozioak identifikatzeko, izendatzeko eta horiek gorputzarekin duten loturaz ohartzeko, baita autoerregulaziorako teknikak erabilita sentimendu desatseginak askatzeko ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25439,1998,"After expounding different hypothesis about the possible relation between delinquency and
drugs, the data collected by Civil Guard and National Police about the cases of registered juvenile delinquency
are analyzed. Likewise, the results of a research, made with basque students, about the relation between the
abusive consumptions of alcohol and other drugs and determined attitudes are presented, to conclude with
some reflections about the prevention of juvenile violence.","Delinkuentzia eta drogen artean egon daitekeen erlazioari buruz hipotesi batzuk planteatu ondoren,
gazte biztanlegoan erregistratutako delinkuentzia kasuei buruz Guardia Zibilak eta Polizia Nazionalak jasotako
datuak aztertzen dira. Horretaz gain, alkoholaren gehigizko kontsumoa, eta beste drogen eta hainbat
jarreren arteko erlazioari buruzko euskal eskolarrekin eginiko lan baten emaitzak aurkezten dira, eta bukatzeko
gazte indarkeriaren prebentzioari buruzko gogoeta batzuk egiten dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73359,2025-05-07,"Playful, musical and participatory stories have a place in education and serve to work on
emotional education. Knowing this, the aim of this final degree project is to combine the
characteristics of these three types of stories and create a playful, musical and participatory
story to work on emotional competences in Early Childhood Education. Likewise, to
integrate it into a didactic proposal and carry it out adapting it to classrooms of two and four
year olds. With the proposal and the final product, we have demonstrated that it is possible to
develop emotional competencies through enjoyment. Concluding that, as well as making a
contribution to education, it is possible to work on emotional education from the child's
pleasure and that many things can be done with simple and easy things.","Ipuin ludiko, musikatu eta parte-hartzaileek hezkuntzan lekua dute eta Hezkuntza
Emozionala lantzeko balio dute. Hori jakinda, gradu amaierako lan honen helburua, Haur
Hezkuntzan konpetentzia emozionalak lantzeko hiru ipuin mota horien ezaugarriak biltzen
dituen ipuin ludiko, musikatu eta parte-hartzailea sortzea da. Baita, proposamen didaktiko
batean txertatu eta aurrera eramatea bi eta lau urteko geletara egokituz. Jarraian, sortutako
produktu final eta proposamenarekin konpetentzia emozionalak latzea posible dela frogatu
dugu. Hezkuntzari aportazio bat egiteaz gain, haurraren plazeretik lanketak egin daitezkela
eta gauza gutxirekin asko egin daitekela ondorioztatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58475,2022-07-01,"In a European context in which migratory movements are becoming more and more frequent, we find a regulatory framework of
the European Union (or ""EU"") whose origin lies in the common asylum policy. All these rules make up what is known as the
""Common European Asylum System"" (or ""CEAS""). In response to the adversities that the CEAS has had to face, the European
Commission has proposed on several occasions a variety of projects aimed at bringing the system out of the situation of ""
impasse "" in which it has found itself for a few years now. The new ""European Union Agency for Asylum"" (or ""EUAA"") was born
from among the proposals that the European Commission has put forward, but whose ratification has been made impossible by
the refusal of some Member States of the Union to approve such proposals. This new Agency, which at first appeared as another
reform project of the CEAS, turns out to be more significant than it seems from the outset. With the reinforced competences of
the EUAA, which are analyzed throughout the Final Degree Project, the involvement of this institution in the correct functioning
of the CEAS is increased; likewise, the guidelines in the achievement of the common asylum policy acquire a new meaning.
Finally, the possible relevance of the EU decentralized agencies in the future of the CEAS is explored.","Migrazio-mugimenduak gero eta ohikoagoak diren Europako testuinguruan, Europar Batasunaren (edo «EB») arau-sare bat
aurkitzen dugu, eta haren jatorria asilo-politika erkidean dago. Arau horiek guztiek «Asiloaren Europako Sistema Komuna» (edo
«AESK») osatzen dute. Sistemak igaro izan behar dituen ezbeharren aurrean, Europako Batzordeak behin baino gehiagotan
hainbat proiektu proposatu ditu, Sistema duela urte batzuetatik dagoen geldialditik ateratzea helburu dutenak. Egindako
proposamenen artean, «Europar Batasuneko Asilo Agentzia» (edo «EBAA») berria sortu da. Proposamen horiek berrestea
ezinezkoa da, EB-ko estatu kide batzuek proposamen horiek onartzeari uko egin diotelako. Agentzia berri honek, hasiera batean,
AESK-ren beste erreforma-proiektu bat bezala sortu zen, eta hasieratik zirudien baino garrantzi handiagoa omen izan du. Gradu
Amaierako Lanean zehar aztertzen diren EB-ren kompetentzia berriei esker, erakunde horrek AESK-ren funtzionamendu egokian
duen inplikazioa areagotu egiten da; era berean, asilo-politika erkidea lortzeko jarraibideek zentzu berria hartzen dute. Azkenik,
EBko agentzia deszentralizatuek AESK-ren etorkizunean izan dezaketen garrantzia aztertzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23350,2017-09,"The paper that is going to be developed is about the rehabilitation of a “pasiega” cabin located on the municipality of Espinosa de los Monteros, Burgos, taking into account the criteria of the ecologic and bioclimatic construction, in order to get the comfort at the house with a high energetic efficiency level. For that, it will be sought to add renewable energy sources and use eco-friendly materials which should come from the municipality or at least from the close area. Climatic and geologic studies will be carried out so it will be obtained the optimum constructive measures and renewable energies to use in the home design.","Garatuko den lana Espinosa de los Monteros, Burgos, udalerrian dagoen “pasiega” etxola birgaitzeari buruz doa, oinarri bioklimatiko eta ekologikoak jarraituz, etxean efizientzia energetiko handiz erosotasuna lortzeko. Hori dela eta, diseinuan energia berriztagarri iturriak eransten saiatuko da, gizarteko lagunak diren eta udalerritik edo hurbildik datorren materialak erabiltzen. Eguraldiari eta geologiari buruzko ikerketak egingo dira etxeko diseinuan neurri konstruktibo eta energia berriztagarri iturri optimoak jakiteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54344,2021-12-03,"Processes and threats of different habitats can be known by measuring their diversity. For that, plot-sampling at fine-grain scale (<1.000 m2) is required since it provides information to obtain different diversity-measures. Thus, plots can be an appropriate way to study plant-communities in the Gorbeia Natural Park and its surroundings. In this work, different open habitats (grasslands, heathlands and wetlands) were analyzed through nested-plots. Thereby, plots from different sizes (1 cm2-100 m2) were sampled, specifically 39 below 10 m2 and 28 in 100 m2. Diagnostic species and diversity of the five groups achieved by K-means clustering are analyzed. Different factors and indices were used for measuring diversity (α and β diversity, species richness and Shannon index). Moreover, main ecological differences among plant-communities were statistically analyzed using data from sampled ecological factors. Regarding to diversity, while anthropogenic grasslands were richer in species at lower scale, dry grasslands had a greater number of species at upper scale. In addition, z value of acid and anthropogenic grasslands had a lower value comparing to works using the same methodology. pH and soil cover, particularly stones and rocks cover, were proposed as major drivers of diversity. Moreover, it is suggested that, soil dryness, which was not sampled through ecological factors, also had a considerable importance. In conclusion, more nested-plot sampling would be positive in this area, specifically in the heterogeneous wetlands, since they are less studied than grasslands. Moreover, extra sampling would be beneficial in order to confirm the found differences.","Dibertsitatea neurtuz habitat ezberdinen prozesu eta arriskuak ezagut daitezke. Honetarako, eskala xeheeko (<1.000 m2) txantel-laginketa beharrezkoa da, honek dibertsitate neurri ezberdinak lortzeko informazioa eskaintzen baitu. Hau horrela, txantelak Gorbeia Parke Naturala eta bere inguruko landare-komunitateak ikertzeko tresna egokia izan daitezke. Ikerketa honetan, Gorbeiako habitat irekien (larre, sastrakadi eta hezeguneen) dibertsitatea eta ekologia ikertu dira, laginketa kabituen bitartez. Honetarako, eskala ezberdinetan (1 cm2-100 m2) hainbat azpi-txantel lagindu dira, 39 10 m2-tik behera eta 28 100 m2-tan. K-means partizioz bereiztutako bost landare-komunitateen espezie diagnostikoak eta dibertsitatea analizatu da, azken hau hainbat alderdi eta neurriren bitartez (α- eta β-dibertsitatea, espezie aberastasuna, Shannon indizea). Bestalde, landare-komunitateen arteko diferentzia ekologikoak lagindutako aldagai ekologikoen bitartez estatistikoki testatu dira. Dibertsitateari dagokiola, emaitzek eskala txikienean larre antropogenikoak espezietan aberatsenak direla adierazi dute eta, eskala handienetan larre lehorrak. Gainera, lorturiko sega-larre eta larre azidofiloen z balioak metodologia berdina erabili duten ikerketetako balioak baino baxuagoak dira. Komunitate guztien arteko dibertsitateak diferentzia adierazgarriak ditu pH-a eta estaldura ezberdinen, bereziki arroka eta harri estalduraren, erangintzat eman dena. Gainera, lagindutako aldagai ekologiko bariko lurzoru lehortasunak garrantzia ere duela ondorioztatu da. Oro har, laginketa-kabitu gehiago egin beharko litzateke arean, bereziki hezeguneetan, larreak bezain ikertuak ez baitaude eta heterogeneotasun handia aurkeztu baitute. Honek aurkitutako diferentziak konfirma litzake."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/21011,2017-03-21,"The aim of this Project is to analyse three types of concrete in order to
build a dock of concrete blocks. The difference between these three solutions is
the type of aggregated used, wich will be natural, recycled or steel slag. The idea
is to find the best solution for this construction work, evaluating the advantages
and disadvantages of each aggregate type. In order to achieve this goal, this
study focuses on the following aspects: the influence of the aggregates in the
final properties of the concrete, the degree of sustainability of each solution and
the final cost.","Proiektu honetan hiru aukera ezberdin aztertzen dira hormigoizko kaimutur
bat eraikitzeko. Hiru irtenbide posible hauen artean aldatzen den gauza
bakarra, erabilitako agregakin mota da, hau da, naturala, siderurgikoa edo
berziklatua izanik hiru motak. Kasu bakoitzean agregakin mota bakoitzak dituen
abantailak eta desabantailak aztertuko dira, aukerarik egokiena zein den
erabakitzeko. Horretarako hurrengo propietate hauen azterketa egingo da:
hormigoiak aurkezten dituen azken propietateak, kostua eta aukera bakoitzak
aurkeztutako jasangarritasuna."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36573,2019-11-27,"This thesis presents an experimental study seeking the optimization of a wave dissipation
system in a flume for the analysis of marine energy devices. The reflection coefficient of
various waves of different characteristics is calculated in this research, analyzing the effect
that different geometries of the disipation system have in these. The entirety of the
experimental tests have taken place in the Bilbao Engineering School’s fluid mechanics
laboratory.
The wave, by means of a digitally activated wave generation system, travels until it
collides with a plane beach, whose slope varies depending on the test. The incident wave is
then reflected. Two ultrasonic sensors capture the reflected wave’s height at different points.
By making a fitting with MATLAB, the surrounding wave’s profile is obtained, and,
subsequently, the reflection coefficient. A relationship is established between this and the
dissipation system’s geometry.
Experimental analysis is a key part in any wave energy absorber’s development. Due to
the difficulties that installing real scale prototipes in open sea entail, the study in laboratories
is an important step in the evolutive process, until their commercial use.","Lan honetan itsas-jatorriko energia aprobetxatzen duten sistemen analisirako depositu
(“flume”) batean olatuen disipazioaren optimizazio experimentala aurkezten da. Ikerketa
ezaugarri ezberdineko uhin erasotzaileen islapen koefizientea kalkulatuz egiten da, disipazio
sistema beraren geometria ezberdinek hauetan duten eragina aztertuz. Saiakuntza guztiak
Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako jariakinen mekanika saileko laborategian egin dira.
Deposituan, digitalki aktibatutako sortze sistema batetik eratutako olatuak hondartza lau
batekin talka egin arte hedatzen dira, hondartza honen malda saiakuntzaren arabera aldatzen
delarik. Olatu erasotzailea islatu egiten da eta puntu ezberdinetan bere altuera ultrasoinu
sentsore biren bidez neurtzen da. Hori horrela, MATLAB sotware-an doikuntza bat eginez,
uhin inguratzailearen profila lortzen da. Ondoren, islapen koefizientearen balioa kalkulatzen
da. Azken honen eta disipazio sistemaren geometriaren arteko erlazio bat ezartzen da.
Analisi experimentala itsas-jatorriko energia aprobetxatzen duen edozein gailuren
garapen prozesuko ezinbesteko atala da. Eskala errealean eraikitako prototipoen itsaso
irekian ezartzeak dakartzan zailtasunen ondorioz, laborategietako ikasketek sistema hauen
prozesu ebolutiboan lehen pauso garrantzitsua dira; azkenik, sistema hauen ustiapen
komertziala lortu arte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26992,1996,"It would be suitable to study terror institutionalization from the scope of primirive people and to insert it in the history of anthropological history. Comparative ethnological researches show several associations whose objective is to produce terror. Terrorist societies are present today. If we eant to know this problem, we must study if from all its scopes: sociological, historical, anthropological, criminal...","Komenigarria da lehendabiziko herrietako arlotik ""Terror""-instituzionalizazioa ikastea, eta pentsamendu-antropologikoaren Historia orokorrean kokatzea. Konparatibo motako ikerketa etnologikoek ""terror"" sortzea helburutzat izaten duten elkarteen ereduak azaltzen dituzte. Gizarte terroristak agertzen dira ere gaur-egunean, eta gertakari hau ezagutu ahal izateko behar beharrezkoa da ikasketa bat egitea, arlo guztietatik: soziologikoa, historikoa, antropologikoa, kriminologikoa, etab."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50977,2021-04-15,"The aim of this research is to investigate about gender roles and stereotypes that exist in the binary societywe live in. In this binary society, both, men an women have been attributed specific stereotyped roles, which setted the basis of our lifestiles and, at the same time, guided our lives. Gender stereotypes have been transmitted generation-to-geneation and the binary society reproduced them over and over again. School has always have a jey role in this reproduction, since gender roles were the basis of it.
 The presence of gender roles in daily life tasks has been investigated. To do so, 5th graders in Adurtza ikastola, Gasteiz, have been surveyed and the data obtained has been analyzed..
The data showed that gender stereotypes still remain in Primari Education students. For this reason, schools new policy should be based on coeducation with the only purpose of making this a better society based on equality.","Lan honetan bizi garen gizarte binarioan dauden genero rol eta estereotipoen inguruko ikerketa bat egin da. Gizarte binario honetan, gizon eta emakumeei estereotipatutako rol konkretu batzuk esleitu zaizkigu, gure bizitzaren oinarri bihurtu direnak eta era berean, gure bizimodua bideratu dutenak. Genero estereotipo hauek historian zehar transmitituak izan dira eta gizarteak behin eta berriro erreproduzitu ditu. Erreprodukzio horretan, eskolaren papera erabakigarria izan da, bertan estereotipatutako genero rolek indar handia izan dutelako. 
Gauzak horrela izanik, lan honen bitartez, ikasleen eta irakasleen egunerokotasunean estereotipatutako genero rolek duten presentzia aztertu da. Horretarako, Gasteizko Adurtza ikastetxeko 5. mailako ikasleei eta Lehen Hezkuntzako tutoreei galdetegi bat pasa zaie eta bertan lortutako datuak aztertu dira.
Aztertutakoarekin ondorioztatu daiteke, ikasleen eta irakasleen egunerokotasunean estereotipatutako genero rolek presentzia izaten jarraitzen dutela. Beraz, eskolan hezkidetzaren beharra nabarmena da, berdintasunean oinarritutako gizarte baten aldeko apostua egiteko eta eraldaketa hori bermatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30302,2018-12-12,"The development of the project “Substitution of natural gas boiler by biomass + sun thermic energy in a single family home” has been proposed because of the actual energetic situation in the world. It is expected to achieve an improvement of the situation by replacing the old natural gas boiler with another free installation in emissions.
	To achieve this, two changes or adaptations are proposed, on the one hand an installation, free in emissions, that takes advantage of solar thermal energy to support the consumption of energy produced by domestic hot water. And on the other hand, the replacement of the old boiler with a new biomass boiler, which is considered neutral in emissions. This will reduce or eliminate emissions and promote renewable energies.
	
Apart from that, with the economic benefits that the installation entails, not only is it expected to recover the initial investment in the medium term, but over the years it is expected to achieve a saving or benefit.
	Therefore, when carrying out this project, it is expected that both in the environmental era and in the economic area a beneficial situation will be obtained.","“Gas naturaleko galdara baten ordezkapena biomasa + eguzki energia termiko instalazioarengatik etxebizitza familiabakarrean” proiektuaren garapena aurrera eramatea, gaur egungo egoera energetikoa dela eta  pentsatu da. Gas natural instalazio zaharra, emisioetan librea den beste instalazio batengatik ordezkatzean egoera hobeagoa lortzea espero da.
	Hori lortzeko bi moldaketa edo aldaketa proposatzen dira, alde batetik ur bero sanitarioaren energia kontsumoan laguntzeko eguzki energia termikoa aprobetxatuko duen instalazio bat, emisiorik gabea. Bestaldetik galdararen ordezkapena biomasa galdara batengatik, emisioetan neutroa kontsideratzen dena. Horrela emisioak murriztu edo ezabatuko dira eta energia berriztagarriei bultzada emango zaie.
	Horrez gain, instalazioak ekarriko dituzten onura ekonomikoekin, ez da soilik espero hasierako inbertsioa guztiz berreskuratzea epe ertainean, baizik eta urteekin aurrezkia eta mozkinak lortzea.
	Hortaz, proiektu hau aurrera eraman ondoren, bai ingurugiroarengan bai ekonomiarengan onurak espero dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53353,2021-10-13,"The last two decades the internet has evolved at great speed and it is very present in society. It is common to use the internet in order to make a purchase, transaction, leisure, exchange of information, among others. Therefore, the significance and possibilities when carrying out cyberattacks have increased significantly.
Different security measures have been developed in order to counteract these attacks, including Intrusion Detection Systems. These systems are able to detect possible attacks or intrusions in the network or device and take measures that limit or prevent the effects of the attacks.
The scope of this project is to analyze the effectiveness of two well-known open-source Intrusion Detection Systems: Snort and Suricata. Through a wide variety of simulated attacks, the ability of both programs to detect different attacks and intrusions on the network will be tested.","Azken bi hamarkadetan Internet bilakaera handia izan du eta gaur egun gure gizartean eragin asko dauka. Ohikoa da Internet erabiltzea erosketak, transakzioak, informazio trukea egiteko, aisialdirako, besteak beste. Hori dela eta, zibererasoen garrantzia eta hauek burutzeko aukerak nabarmen handitu dira.
Ondorioz, segurtasun neurriak ezartzeko beharra sortu da. Horien artean, intrusio detekzio sistemak daude. Hauek sarea edo ordenagailua erasotzeko edota intrusio saiakerak detektatzeko gai dira. Horrez gain, hauek saihesteko neurriak hartu ditzakete.
Proiektu honen helburua bi intrusio detekzio sistema ezagunen eraginkortasuna ebaluatzea da: Snort eta Suricata. Simulatutako eraso ugarien bidez, bi programek sarean eraso eta intrusio desberdinak hautemateko duten gaitasuna probatuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60012,2023-02-20,"Currently, girls and boys gather distorted information from the Internet to educate themselves about sexuality, which may affect their development for the rest of their lives. This paper examines the state of the question from different points of view, together with the current situation of sex education in the Basque Country. For this purpose, a questionnaire is designed for both teachers and students of the Primary Education Degree, collecting a total sample of 180 participants, and an interview script is created, obtaining the participation of three professionals. It was found that sex education is still taught through occasional campaigns. There is a predominant lack of training and, therefore, teacher's confidence to teach this subject, and the overload of knowledge required of the teacher stands out.","Gaur egun, haurrek informazio distortsionatua biltzen dute Internetetik sexualitatean hezteko, eragina izan dezakeena euren garapenean. Lan honek gaiaren egoera aztertzen du hainbat ikuspuntutatik, gaur egun Euskal Herriko sexu-hezkuntzak duen egoerarekin batera. Horretarako, irakasleei zein Lehen Hezkuntzako graduko ikasleei zuzendutako galdetegi bat diseinatu da, guztira 180 parte-hartzaileko lagin bat bilduz, eta elkarrizketa- gidoi bat sortu da, hiru profesionalen parte-hartzea lortuz. Sexu-hezkuntza noizbehinkako kanpainen bidez ematen dela egiaztatu da. Gai hau irakasteko prestakuntza falta eta, ondorioz, irakaslearen segurtasuna nagusitzen dira, eta hauei eskatzen zaien ezagutza- gainkarga nabarmentzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19597,2016-11-24,"The aim of this project is to develop a medical management application for mobile devices. The design is directed to elderly people’s sector and especially those who take care of them. The main objective is to incorporate the necessary functionalities for minimizing the management of daily cares. It has notifications which remind medical citations, the time of taking pills, the end of prescribed medicaments, etc. In addition, it will show a virtual pillbox where the real situation is reflected, in which is perceived whether the pills have been taken or not. As well as that, you can edit it, in case there are changes. All the information about the patient will be updated and accessible from different devices and people at the same time. In this way, the administrative burden and the constant communication between people close to the patient will be considerably simplified.","Proiektu hau gailu mugikorretarako kudeaketa medikoa ahalbidetzen duen aplikazioa garatzean datza. Adineko pertsonen sektorearentzat diseinaturik dago eta bereziki hauek zaintzen dituztenentzat. Eguneroko zainketen kudeaketa errazteko beharrezko funtzioak sartzea da helburua. Gertaera ezberdinak adierazten dituzten jakinarazpenak egongo dira: kontsulta medikoak, medikamenduak hartzeko orduak, errezeten epemugak, etab. Gainera medikamendu kutxa birtuala irudikatuko da errealitateko egoera islatzeko. Bertan zein medikamendu hartu diren edo ez ikusi ahal egingo da; baita datu horiek aldatu gaizki ipini badira. Gaixoaren informazio guztia zenbait gailu eta pertsona desberdinetarako eguneratua eta eskuragarria egon behar du aldi berean. Horrela karga administratiboa eta gaixoaren pertsona hurbilen arteko komunikazio etengabea nabarmenki sinplifikatzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29526,2018-11-02,"In this final project, laser polishing and laser engraving processes parameters are studied with the help of the Trumark 5050 marking station. Experimental tests of both processes were carried out on Inconel 718 ground surfaces since said material is thermo resistant to high temperatures (above 700 ºC) presenting features such as high mechanical strength, fatigue and corrosion. This technique is intended to finally generate polished surfaces, with surface finishes where the rate of improvement, with respect to the initial surface, exceeds 90%, obtaining roughness values below 0.5 μm. With the characterization and optimization of these parameters, functional surfaces are generated to improve the contact between the surfaces of the moving parts of the machines.","Azken proiektu honetan, laserreko leuntzeko eta laser grabaketa prozesuen parametroak aztertzen dira Trumark 5050 markako geltokiaren laguntzarekin. Inconel 718 gainazaleko gainazalen bi prozesuen saiakuntza esperimentalak egin dira. material hori tenperatura altuetarako termo-erresistentzia da (700 ºC-tik gorakoa), hala nola indar mekaniko handia, nekea eta korrosioa. Teknika hau azkenik azalera leunduak sortzen dira, gainazaleko akabera dutenak, hobekuntza-tasa, hasierako azalerari dagokionez,% 90 baino handiagoa denean, 0,5 μm baino gutxiagoko zurruntasun balioak lortuz. Parametro horien karakterizazio eta optimizazioarekin, gainazal funtzionalak sortzen dira makinen mugikorren gainazalen arteko harremana hobetzeko"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16448,2015-12-14,"This FYP was carried out in order to provide a drone – a Parrot AR Drone - with a module that, in combination with previous developments, is able to generate obstacle avoiding paths. After putting the drone through various simulations, a software that communicates with the quadcopter was used to check the obtained advances in the programming.","GAL honen helburua Parrot AR Drone-ri modulo bat gehitzea da. Horregatik, aurretik egindako beste garapenekin batera, oztopoak saihesteko gai izango da. Beharrezko simulazioak egin ondoren, drone-arekin komunikatzeko gai den software baten bidez, froga fisikoak gauzatu nahi dira programazioan egindako aurrerapenak ikusteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54103,2021-11-25,"Current education normalises gender inequalities and although there are laws that guarantee diversity, there are often difficulties in putting them into practice, as they are transmitting sexist models in schools and do nothing more than reproduce what happens in society. In fact, in the resources used in the classroom there are hardly any female references, so gender stereotypes and roles are still present. Therefore, it is necessary to review how sexism manifests itself, as it can have serious consequences in the near future of students. The objectives of this FDP are: to find out whether boys and girls have developed gender stereotypes through graphic expression; to design and put into practice a didactic unit to avoid and deconstruct them so that they grow up in coeducation; and to analyse whether they work on transversal competences. The practical part was carried out in a school in Vitoria-Gasteiz, in a first year primary school class. The analysis of the results confirms that the socialisation processes affect the children, eliminating the characteristics that do not correspond to the gender of each child. In order for there to be similarities between the sexes, it would be necessary to explain to pupils what measures visual culture and the rest of human beings apply to them because they are boys or girls, as they are capable of identifying them and criticising situations that occur at present through graphic and verbal expressions.","Egungo hezkuntzak genero desberdintasunak normalizatzen ditu eta aniztasuna bermatzeko legeak dauden arren, praktikara eramateko zailtasunak egon ohi dira, eskoletan eredu sexistak transmititzen ari dituztelako eta gizartean ematen ari denaren erreprodukzio txiki bat egiten dutelako. Izan ere, klaseak prestatzeko erabiltzen diren baliabideetan emakume erreferente gutxi aipatzen dira, beraz, genero estereotipoak eta rolak presente daude oraindik. Horretarako, sexismoa nola adierazten den berrikustea beharrezkoa da, ikasleen etorkizun hurbilean ondorio larriak eragin ditzaketelako. GrAL honen helburuak hurrengoak dira: adierazpen grafikoa medio haurrek genero estereotipoak garatu dituzten jakitea; horiek ekiditeko eta deseraikitzeko unitate didaktikoa diseinatzea eta praktikara eramatea, hezkidetzan hazi daitezen; eta zehar-konpetentziak lantzen diren aztertzea. Atal praktikoa Vitoria-Gasteizko eskola batean burutu da, lehenengo mailako gela batean. Emaitzen analisiak sozializazio-prozesuek haurrengan eragiten dutela baieztatzen da, norbanakoaren sexuarekin bat ez datozen ezaugarriak deuseztatuz. Sexuen artean parekotasunak eman daitezen, ikasleei ikusizko kulturak eta ingurukoek mutil edo neska izateagatik ezartzen dizkieten neurriak zeintzuk diren azaldu beharko litzaieke, horiek identifikatzeko eta egun ematen diren egoerei kritika egiteko gai direlako, adierazpen grafiko eta hitzen bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28163,2018-07-23,"In this Final Degree Project, an experimental study is carried out to implement a
predictive maintenance system, using statistical techniques, to a three-phase
asynchronous electric motor. The objective is to predict some of the
characteristic faults of this type of engines, by non-invasive techniques. For this,
a series of experiments is carried out, which reproduced faults of derivation
between phases, imbalance of rotor and damages in bearings. More than fifty
process variables were monitored and recorded. Finally, with these data, a
statistical study of correlation and multivariate analysis was carried out,
identifying the most representative variables of the process and the equations
that relate them to predict the anomalies studied.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honetan, azterketa esperimental bat egite da, mantentze
prediktibo sistema bat aplikatzeko motor elektriko asinkrono trifasiko bateri,
teknika estatistikoak erabiliz. Helburua, honelako motor baten gertatzen diren
funtzionamendu akats batzuk aurreikustea da, teknika ez-inbaditzaileak erabiliz.
Horretarako, hainbat esperimentu egin ziren, fasearen arteko korronte
desbideratzeak, errotorraren desoreka eta errodamenduak eragindako kalteak.
Berrogeita hamar prozesu aldagai baino gehiago kontrolatu eta grabatu ziren.
Datu hauekin, korrelazio estatistiko baten azterketa eta aldagai anitzeko
analisia egin ziren, prozesuaren aldagai adierazgarrienak zeintzuk ziren jakiteko
eta hauek lotzen dituzten ekuazioak identifikatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23317,2017-09,"This project analyses the operation of the hydro-electric power plant of Villarino, taking into account every element that composes the plant. Finally, some different improvements are proposed in the technical area, safety and environment with their respective economic costs and benefits. Those improvements provide the central a better image and increase the energy production.","Lan honetan Villarino zentral hidroelektrikoaren funtzionamendua aztertzen da, hura osatzen duten osagai guztiak kontutan hartuz. Azkenekoz, arlo desberdinetan hobekuntzak proposatzen dira; hala nola, teknikoa, segurtasunekoa eta ingurumenekoa, kostu ekonomikoak eta mozkinak adieraziz. Hobekuntza horiek irudi hobea emango diote zentralari bai eta energia gehiago produzitzeko aukera ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51037,2021-04-16,"In this research work, in addition to the importance of the Practicum as a whole, the influence of the use of active methodologies in the practical seminars of the Practicum is highlighted. To the teaching diary based on the first and to the reflections made around the second, there are added the emotions experienced both as a person and as a professional, and the influence they have had on my ability to relate. Therefore, this work will show topics such as emotions, relationships, the importance of reflection, awareness ... topics that having chosen the profession of teacher, it is inevitable not to be immersed in them. The main objective of this work has been to present and analyze the influence that the use of active methodologies in the seminars have had on my emotional competences, as well as on my ability to generate relationships. The methodology which has been used to carry out this work is autoethnography, with the help of the teaching diary and reflections on the seminars. The conclusions are the ones that put an end to this work, and this part shows the personal opinion of the whole process and the influence exerted on me, the personal assessment of all the topics that have been discussed throughout this work, and what this long process has meant and in turn changed both personally and profesionally within me.","Ikerketa-lan honetan practicumak bere osotasunean duen garrantziaz gain, practicuma bideratzeko mintegietan metodologia aktiboen erabilpenak duen eragina azaleratzen da. Lehenengoaren egunerokoei esker eta bigarrenaren inguruan egindako hausnarketek, pertsona zein irakasle moduan sentitutako emozioak eta horiek nire harremantzeko gaitasunean izan duten eragina dira lan honen protagonista. Hori dela eta, lan honek, emozioak, harremanak, hausnarketaren garrantzia, kontzientzia… bezalako gaiak erakutsiko ditu, irakasle lanbidea hautatuz gero, horietan bete-betean murgilduta egotea saihetsezina izanda. Lan honen helburu nagusia, practicumeko mintegietan metodologia aktiboak erabiltzeak nire konpetentzia emozionaletan, bai eta nire harremanak sortzeko gaitasunean duten eragina aurkeztea eta aztertzea izan da. Lan hau aurrera eramateko erabili den metodologia, autoetnografia izan da, aurretik aipatu bezala practicum osoaren egunerokoek eta mintegien inguruko hausnarketek posible egin dutena. Ondorioek ematen diote bukaera lan honi, eta zati honetan, prozesu osoaren iritzi pertsonala bai eta nire gain izandako eragina ageri da, lan honetan zehar jorratu diren gai guztien balorazio pertsonalaz gain, pertsona zein profesional moduan lan honek nire barnean aldatu duena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19275,2016-10-14,"This project is about the development of an analytical procedure for a strain and stress calculation of beams with two ties, which are used for sustaining overhead power cables from railways.
Nowadays finite element software is used for this type of calculation. This leads to high economical costs, not only due to expensive software licenses, but for the amount of finite element models there are supposed to be created for each different case.
The new method proposed is based on the fundamental elasticity theory and strength of materials. From this basic knowledge, some equations will be developed for all possible cases.
Once the general equations are obtained, they will be programmed on the computer. This programme will be able to calculate and draw in a graphic strains and stresses on the beam according to the initial parameters that have been imposed before.
In this way, an easy, cheap and reliably procedure for the designing of a beam with two ties in a single programme will be achieved.","Lan honetan trenbideetako katenariak eusteko bi tirantedun habearen esfortzu eta tentsioen kalkuluaren prozedura analitiko baten garapena aurkeztuko da.
Gaur egun horrelako habeak kalkulatzeko elementu finituen bidezko prozedura erabiltzen da. Horrek kostu itzela suposatzen du, lizentzia garesti bat ordaintzeaz gain, kalkulatu beharreko habe desberdin bakoitzeko elementu finituen eredu desberdin bat gauzatu behar delako.
Proposatutako prozedura berria, materialen erresistentzia eta elastikotasunaren oinarrizko teorian oinarritzen da. Oinarrizko jakinduria horretatik, formula batzuk garatuko dira gertatu litezkeen kasu guztiak kontuan hartuz.
Behin problemaren formula orokorrak lortuta, ordenagailu bidez programatuko da. Programa horrek, ezarritako diseinuko parametroen arabera, habean zehar egon daitezkeen esfortzu eta tentsioak kalkulatzeaz gain, diagramen bitartez adieraziko ditu.
Era honetan, programa bakar baten bitartez, bi tirantedun habe bat diseinatzeko bide erraza, merkea eta fidagarria lortuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16516,2015-12-18,"As years pass, the use of the video edition technologies’ influence has increased. We can see this effect in the development of movies, TV reports, or, specially in the last years, the videos uploaded to social networks by users all over the world. Moreover, the open source development has expanded all over the working sectors, providing the users of quality code without having to pay any fees for the licenses of those programs.
Therefore, the decision of collaborating with Kdenlive is taken, an open source video editor developed in KDE. This program contains a wide range of powerful features, and is based in a community of developers, who work with the aim of creating the most advanced non-linear video editor in GNU/Linux.
Through this project, we pretend to contribute to that program by designing and coding a new feature for it, at the same time as we collaborate with the documentation provided by the designers of the program, having as an objective helping new developers joining the developing community in a simpler way.","Urteak pasa ahala, bideo edizio teknologien erabilera protagonismo handiagoa irabazi du, bai arte zinematografikoaren barruan, bai telebista txostenetan, edo, azkengo urteetan bezala, gizarte-sare zerbitzuen erabiltzaileak igotako bideoetan. Beste alde batetik, software librea sektore guztietan zabaldu da, haien erabiltzaileei kalitatezko kodea emanez, antzeko programen prezioa ordaindu gabe.
Horregatik, Kdenlive-ngo (KDE-n garatutako kode libreko bideo editore bat) kolaboraziora jotzea erabaki da. Programa honek indar handiko hainbat erreminta ditu, eta garatzaile talde baten inguruan osatuta dago. Hauen helburua GNU/Linux-erako bideo ez-lineal editorerik aurreratuena sortzea da.
Lan honen bidez, funtzionalitate berri baten diseinu eta kodifikazioarekin lagundu nahi genioke programa honi, eta, honekin batera, programa honen garatzaileek eskainitako dokumentazioarekin elkarlanean aritu, garatzaile berriei aplikazio honen garapenean parte hartzea errazteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20152,2017-01-10,"Mobile telephony is a constant growing field that increasingly uses more services with higher transmission taxes. In consequence, MIMO systems have been developed whereby is possible to offer high transmission taxes with a minor error tax. Due to the fact space in mobile terminals is a scarce resource the development of PIFA antennas has been required. Thanks to these antennas high performance can be achieve in a reduced space. There is however the problem of coupling between these antennas and it is vital if good results want to be achieved. In this document we discuss about everything just said before.","Telefonia mugikorra transmisio tasa handiagoko zerbitzuak gero eta gehiago erabiltzen dituen etengabeko hazkuntzan dagoen eremua da. Hori dela eta, errore tasa txikiago batekin transmisio tasa handiak eskaintzea posiblea egiten detun MIMO sistemak garatu dira. Horrez gain, mugikor-terminalen ezpazioa ondasun urria izateagatik PIFA antenen garapena beharrezkoa izan da. Gainera, antena hauei esker, espazioa txikitean, ezaugarri onak lortzen dira. Emaitza onak lortzeko, ordea, ezinbestekoa den antena hauen arteko banaketan arazoak daude. Agari honen helburua, beraz, aurretik aipatutako guztairi buruz hitz egitea eta sakontzea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25029,2006,"New Technologies are increasingly present in everyday life, and have become something usual, not exclusive to some professionals. This implies the use of these resources to commit crimes, what has become an increasing phenomenon of risk and damage, and reveals that some penal types could be inadequate. From this point of view, some reflections about the lack of an unanimous concept of computer crimes, the problems interpreting penal types, the need (or no need) of an autonomous treatment for these crimes, and the difficulties in investigating and getting evidence are presented.","Geure eguneroko bizitzan indartsu sartu dira teknologia berriak, ohikoak bihurtuz eta ez bakarrik zenbait lanbidetan. Bide hau erabiltzen dute askok delituak egiteko, era honetan arrisku eta galera fenomenoa sortuz, eta honela zenbait tipo penal gutxiegizko bihurtuz. Ikuspegi honetatik, delitu informatikoen gaineko kontzeptu bakarraren falta somatzen da, delitu hauen trataera autonomoaren beharra edo ez, eta bere ikerkuntza eta frogaren zailtasunak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31079,2019-01-21,"0- SUMMARY
0.1	INTRODUCTION
At the 11th European Workshop on Periodontology consensus conference celebrated in 2015 it was established a 43% prevalence of peri-implant mucositis and a 22% prevalence of periimplantitis. In addition, when it comes to prevalence, periodontitis is the 6th most frecuent desease in the world. Rehabilitation with implants is becoming a frecuent treatment for replacing lost teeth and in spite of having diverse non-surgical and surgical treatments for treating peri-implantitis, there is not evidence of the most effective one.
0.2	OBJECTIVES
Due to the high prevalence of peri-implantits and the lack of evidence of the most effective non-surgical treatment, this “GRAL” considers the following objectives: 
1	Get to know the various suggestions for treating peri-implantitis based on the scientific evidence.
2	Examine the effectiveness of those non-surgical treatments analysing the results of the studies.
3	Make a comparison between the non-surgical treatments with the obtained results. 
4	Reach a conclution about the most suitable and effective non-surgical treatment based on the obtained results.
0.3	MATERIAL AND METHOD
From September 2016 to January 2017 an exhaustive bibliographic research was done over PubMed and Scopus electronic databases. It was realized basing on the PICO strategy and the key words related to the issue, considering the previously stablished selection criterias. Full texts of those articles that could be potentially useful for the review were downloaded and carefully analyzed, selecting 11 articles at the end.
0.4	CONCLUTIONS
Considering the limits of this systematic review, these are the reached conclusions: 
1-	Non-surgical treatment is effective for the treatment of peri-implantitis but it seems there is a lack of agreement on which treatment plan is most effective.
2-	All the investigators emphasise the importance of the maintenance and giving oral hygiene instructions to the patient and the relevance of the patient´s adherance to the higyene instructions one to follow the instructions so as the clinical paramethers improve and the prevalence of mucositis is as low as possible.
3-	The need of standarising the characteristics of the studies such as the election criterias, peri-implantitis diagnosis criteria and screening frecuency and making more studies after the standardisation.
4-	There is a need for further research, specially long-term studies, to verify the most effective course of therapy.","0.1	SARRERA:
2015ean Europako Periodontziako adostasun-batzarraren 11.tailerrean inplante inguruko mukositisaren prebalentzia %43-koa eta periimplantitisarena %22-koa dela adostu zuten eta periodontitisa, prebalentziaren aldetik, munduko 6.gaixotasuna. Inplante bidezko erreabilitazioa galdutako hortzak ordezkatzeko ohiko tratamendua bilakatu da eta periinplantitisaren tratamendu ez-kirurgiko zein kirurgiko desberdinak proposatu badira ere, ez dago eraginkorrenaren inguruko ebidentzia ziurrik.  
0.2	HELBURUAK 
Periinplantitisaren prebalentzia altua eta tratamenduen eraginkortasunaren inguruko adostasun-eza dela eta, GRAL honen helburuak hurrengoak izango dira:
•	Ebidentzia zientifikoa kontuan hartuta, gaur egun periinplantitisa tratatzeko proposatzen diren tratamendu ez-kirurgiko desberdinak ezagutzea.
•	Tratamendu ez-kirurgiko horien eraginkortasuna aztertu ikerketetan lortutako emaitzen azterketaren bitartez.
•	Tratamendu ez-kirurgiko desberdinen bidez lortutako emaitzen arteko konparaketa burutu.
•	Lortutako emaitzen arabera periinplantitisa tratatzeko proposamen ez-kirurgikorik aproposena eta eraginkorrena zein den ondorioztatu.
0.3	MATERIALA ETA METODOAK 
2016ko irailetik 2017ko urtarrilera bitartean PubMed eta Scopus datu-base elektronikoetan bilaketa bibliografiko sakona burutu zen. PICO estrategiaz baliatuz eta gaiaren inguruko hitz-gakoak txertatuz egin zen, aurretiaz ezarritako hautagarritasun irizpideei jarraituta. Errebisiorako interes berezia izan zezaketen artikuluak deskargatu eta horien azterketa zehatza burutu zen, azkenean 11 artikulu aukeratuta.
0.4 ONDORIOAK
Errebisio sistematiko honen mugak kontuan hartuta, hurrengoa ondorioztatu da:
1-	Tratamendu ez-kirurgikoa eraginkorra da periinplantisa tratazeko baina badirudi ez dagoela zehazturik protokolo jakin bat beste bat baino eraginkorra denik. 
2-	Ikertzaile guztiek mantentze-fasearen eta pazienteari AHA ematearen eta honek egunerokoan jarraitzearen garrantzia azpimaratu dute parametro klinikoak hobetu daitezen eta periinplantitisaren eta mukositisaren prebalentzia ahalik eta baxuena izan dadin.
3-	Hautagarritasun-irizpideak, periinplantitsaren irizpide-diagnostikoak, parametroen neurketa-uneak eta ikerketaren inguruko beste hainbat ezaugarri estandaritzarearen beharra ikusi da eta horiek ezarritakoan ikerketa gehiago egitea.
4-	Epe luzerako ikeketa gehiago beharrezkoak dira terapia eraginkorrena zein den egiaztatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25270,2001,"The practice demonstrates the existence of diverse difficulties in the field of the education to immigrants: the pressing need to learn the language, the lack of perseverance in the attendance, the inflexibility of school hours, etc. The centers of education for adults include educational assistance to immigrants. The objective of this study is the description of the open classroom E.P.A.-Irala of Bilbao, being centered in the characteristics of the pupils, the objectives of the experience, the academic methodology of work and the contents, as well as the activities nonregulated, to give an answer to the need of the immigrants to be educated.","Praktikak ikusi arazi du inmigranteei ematen zaien hezkuntzak hainbat zailtasun ematen dituela: premiatasun bat hizkuntzaren ezaguera, asistentzia desegonkortasun bat, ordutegiaren zuhurtasuna e.a. Helduen heziketa zentruetatik inmigranteei arreta ematen zaie. Bilboko EPA aula abierta-k egiten duen lana deskribatzen da, ikasleen ezaugarriak, esperientziaren helburuak lanaren metodologia eta edukin akademikoak azalduz baita ere, arautu gabeko aktibidadeak, dana inmigranteak bere formakuntzan duen beharraren arabera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23144,2017-07,"The present project aims at the analysis of the underactuated mechanisms in order to apply this concept to the study of robotic hands. To do this, we study how they have evolved over time and what possibilities they offer. Throughout the work is established the number of elements, their dimensions and how to articulate them to observe how the prototype performs the different grips similar to those of the human hand. In this way many movements are achieved without the need to increase the number of actuators, which gives advantages in terms of price and simplicity of the prototype.
The design of this mechanism can be applied in prosthetics for use in everyday life and also in humanoids or machinery applications where it is necessary to use components similar to the human hand, although they may be very different in size and even the number of Fingers.
In order to visualize all the theoretical concepts of the work, a simplified prototype of wood is designed to which two servo motors are added as actuators.","Proiektu honek mekanismo subaktuaktuatuen analisia du helburuz, geroago esku robotikoen ikasketan aplikatzeko. Horretarako ikasten da nola eboluzionatu diren denboran zehar eta zer aukerak eskaintzen dituzte. Proiektuan zehar, elementuen kantitatea, haien dimentsioak eta artikulatzeko forma ematen da, ikusteko nola prototipoa egiten duen giza eskuaren antzeko heltze desberdinak. Honela, mugimendu asko lortzen dira aktuatzaile zenbakia handitu barik, prezioan eta prototipoaren erraztasunan abantailak lortzen. Mekanismo honen diseinua aplikazio ugari izan ahal ditu, alde batetik, protesis bezala erabili ahal da eguneroko bizitzan erabiltzeko. Beste aldetik, industrian erabili ahal dira giza eskuaren elementu antzekoak behar dituzten makinetan, nahiz eta tamainuan edo behatz kopuruan desberdinak izatea. Kontzeptu teorikoak ikusi ahal izateko, egurrezko prototipo sinplifikatu bat diseinatzen da, bi serbomotoreekin aktuatzaile bezala."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27170,1996,"This paper contains the report presented by José Luis L. Aranguren during the Summer Course about ""The crime from the point of view Cultural Anthropology. Fundamental questions"", that the IVAC-KREI organized in San Sebastian during 1986. Starting from a delimitation of the sense and field of ""Culture"" and ""Cultural Anthropology"" and their distinction from other terms, some consideration are made from the point of view of Ethics. Likewise, the paper shows the subsequent colloquy about this subject.","1986. urtean ""Gaiztakeria Kulturazko Antropologiatik galderak"" gaiari buruz IVAC-KREIk Donostian antolatu zuen Udako Kurtsoan José Luis L. Arangurenek aurkeztutako ponentzia biltzen da. ""Kultura"" eta ""Kulturazko Antropologia"" kontzeptuen esanahia eta inguruaren mugatik abiatuz, eta beste hitz batzuen bereizkuntza kontutan hartuz, aipatutako gaiari buruzko gogoeta bat burutzen da Etikazko ikuspegitik. Jarraian izandako solasa aurkezten da baita ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60241,2023-03-03,"The purpose of this GRAL is to insert the Bapne method in physical education lessons,
which is characterized by working on body percussion to work on physical skills, attention and
memory. At the beginning of the work, there is a theoretical part in which the sections that are
worked on in the methodology are explained. Once the theoretical part is explained, there is the
practical part, in which the purpose is to work with the children on the physical skills that are those
that make the student perform well the actions in the physical education lessons. On the other
hand, it is going to seek to work the attention that children need to attend and work in class.","GrAL honen helburua Bapne metodoa gorputz-hezkuntzako ikasgaian txertatzea da.
Metodo horren ezaugarria gorputz-perkusioa lantzea da, trebetasun fisikoak eta arreta eta
memoria lantzeko. Lanaren hasieran atal teoriko bat dago, metodologian landuko diren atalak
azaltzen dituena. Behin zati teorikoa eginda, alde praktikoa aurkitzen da. Atal horren helburua,
ikasleari gorputz-hezkuntzako eskoletan ekintzak ondo gauzatzea eragiten dioten trebetasun
fisikoak haurrekin lantzea da. Bestetik, haurrek ikastetxeko ikasgelan behar duten arreta lantzea
da, hau ezin bestekoa delako geletan lan egiteko. Lanaren amaieran, saioen sekuentzia aurkitzen
da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23265,2017-07,"The report that appears next, tries to demostrate the great usefulness of the linear programming, and more concretely, of the improved method of símplex for the resolution of transport problems, in the managerial area. For it, initially there appears a theoretical frame of the linear programming including methodologies and informatic packages for the resolution of different problems. Later, with the aim to show the valuable application of this technique, it is solve the transport problem of a specific company. Finally, there appear the benefits obtained and the sensivitivity analysis showing the margins of variation that certain parameters could have without changing the benefit.","Aurkezten den txostenaren helburua, programazio linealaren erabilgarritasuna empresa munduan , eta zehatzago garraio arazoak konpontzeko erabiltzen den símplex metodo hobetua, erakustea da. Horretarako, hasieran, programazio linealaren marko teoriko bat, arazo desberdinak konpontzeko erabili ahal diren metodologia desberdinak eta software paketeak gehituz, aurkezten da. Ondoren, teknika honen aplikazio baliotsua erakusteko, empresa zehatz baten garraio arazoa ebazten da. Azkenik, onura guztiak eta sensibilitate análisis erakusten da, parámetro jakin batzuen aldakuntza gama zehazten, onurak aldatu gabe."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50960,2021-04-15,"The main aim of this work is to explain the usefulness the cultural heritage may have in the education field. The cultural heritage is immersed in a constant concept conflict, although there is no a clearconsensus around it. However, it seems to be a trend to define it with a more comprehensive, holistic and systemic viewpoint. Similarly, this inclination can also be perceived in education, while it had just been seen as a curricular content, now it has begun to be used as a didactic resource. Furthermore, concepts like heritage education have emerged. Likewise, severa! didactic proposals for classroom research based on the problem solving strategy are presented.","Lan honen xede nagusia da, kultura ondareak Lehen Hezkuntzan izan dezakeen erabilgarritasun praktikoa aurkeztea. Kultura ondarearen inguruan gatazka kontzeptual amaigabea dagoenez, gero eta kontzeptu integral, holistiko eta sistemikoago gisa hartzeko joera dago. Tendentzia hau hezkuntzan ere antzeman daiteke, ondarea eduki soila izatetik, baliabide didaktiko gisa hartzera eta ondare hezkuntza tankerako ikusmoldeak garatzera hedatu baita. Halaber, zenbait proposamen didaktiko eskaintzen dira, arazoen ebazpen estrategiak sustaturiko eskola ikerketak aplikatzen dituztenak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72774,2025-02-14,"The main objective of this project is the design and calculation of a building located in the town of Bilbao, fulfilling all requirements and creating all necessary documentation. The building will have exterior dimensions of 66mx24m with three floors in the inside. The structure will consist of metal frames and the external enclosure, consisting of prefabricated panels, will be fixed to these frames on purlins. The calculation of all the elements of the structure and the necessary foundations will be done using the programme CYPE. In the interior of the building, the floors will be created using composite slabs, on top of it will be built all the boxes necessary for the creation of the storage rooms. These store rooms will be closed with a door and will have a light point in the inside. Stairs or lifts can be used to go up or down from the different floors.","Proiektu honek Bilboko udalerrian kokatuko den Self-Storagerako eraikin baten diseinu eta kalkulua du helburu, beharrezko baldintza guztiak betez eta proiektua definitzeko beharrezko dokumentazio osoa sortuz. Eraikuntzak 66mx24m-ko kanpo dimentsioak izango ditu bere barnean hiru solairu sortuko direlarik. Egitura portiko metalikoen bidez osatuta egongo da eta kanpo itxitura, aurrefabrikatutako panelen bidez osatuta egongo dena, petralen gainean finkatu egingo da portikoetara. Egituraren elementu guztien eta beharrezko zimendapenaren kalkulua CYPE programaren bidez egingo da. Eraikinaren barnealdean, solairuen zorua forjatu kolaborante bidez sortuko da eta honen gainean pladurrez osatutako boxeak eraikiko dira, self storagerako trastelekuak sortuz. Trasteleku bakoitzak ate batek itxiko du eta barruan argindar puntu bat edukiko du. Eraikinaren solairuetara igo edo jaisteko eskailerak edo igogailuak erabili ahalko dira"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/32248,2019-03-29,"The emergence and development of new technologies throughout history, as well as their application in production processes in factories, has had great repercussions in the industry and beyond. Precisely the development of the Internet and the Information Technologies in recent decades, has led to the origin of a new concept that represents the fourth Industrial revolution: Industry 4.0.The aim is to demonstrate that the adoption and introduction of new technologies in companies has effects that go beyond the industrythrough the study and analysis of the economic, social and work implications of the Industry 4.0 in an industrial company.In order to dothis, a tour of the history of the Ford Motors Company is made, as it wasthe pioneer in the introduction  of  the  assembly  line,  which  supposed  great  repercussions,  and  because  it  remains  at  the technological forefront since then. In addition, it is about explaining the concept of Industry 4.0, its origin and its scope, establishing a direct contact with an automotive company, to know how this new paradigm is affecting companies and workers.","Historian  zehar  sortu  eta  garatu  diren  teknologia  berriek  fabriketako  prozesu  produktiboetan  aplikazio ugari izan dituzte, industria barnean eta kanpoan erabateko eraldaketa eraginez.  Azken hamarkadetan internet  eta  Informazioaren  Teknologia  bezala  ezagutzen  ditugunak  izan  dituzten  garapenek  kontzeptu berri  baten  sorrera  baimendu  dute.  Kontzeptu  berri  honek  laugarren  iraultza  industriala  suposatu  du: Industria 4.0 alegia. Industria  4.0  kontzeptuak empresa  industrial  batetan  ekonomia,  gizarte  eta  lan  mailan  izan  dituen eraginak  ikertuz  eta  aztertuz,  helburua  orain    teknologia  berri  hauek  implantatu  eta  baitan  hartzen direnean  industriatik  kanpo baita ere  efektuak dituztela frogatzea da.Helburu  horrekin,  Ford  Motors  Company  empresaren  historian  zehar  ibilbidea  aurkezten da,  muntaiako produkzio sailetan teknologia berriak implantatzen lehenengoa izan bait zen eta harez geroztik teknologia mailan garatuena izaten jarraitzen duelako. Horretaz gain, Industria 4.0 kontzeptuan sakontzen da, bere iturria  eta  esparrua  azalduz,  automobilgintza  sektoreko  empresa  batekin  harreman  zuzena  isladatuz, berrikuntza hauek empresan eta bere langileengan dituzten ondorioak ezagutu ahal izateko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29492,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is to create a program able to simulate the spacial movement  of bearings, allowing an easier assimilation of   important kinematical concepts.
Matlab has been used to develop the program. Once the program is finished, the student will be able to  witness the movement of the bearing in 3D as well as calculate the velocities.","Proiektu honen helburua errodamenduen mugimendu espaziala simulatzeko gai den programa baten diseinua  eta programazioa
egitea da, zinematika espazialarekin zerikusia duten aldagai   garrantzitsuen ulermena errazten duelarik. 
Programa sortzeko Matlab erabili da. Behin programa bukatua egonik,   ikasleak errodamenduen mugimendua hiru dimentsiotan ikusi ahal izango du, bai eta abiadurak kalkulatu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19484,2016-11-07,"This project's objective is the optimization in the design and operation of thermal
installations in the sector of edification, taking a single family house in Vitoria under
study. To achieve that goal, mathematical integer linear programming (MILP) has been
used, taking into account numerous technologies and considering for each of them the
price, reliability and environmental behavior.","Proiektu honen helburua eraikuntza sektoreko instalazio termikoen diseinuaren eta
operazioaren optimizazioa da, Gasteizen kokatutako familia bakarreko etxebizitza
aztergai hartuta. Horretarako, programazio matematiko lineal osoa (MILP) erabili da,
teknologia ezberdinak kontuan hartuz, bakoitzaren prezioa, fidagarritasuna eta
ingurumenarekiko jarrera ikertzen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19881,2016-12-19,"After 1945, especially between the 50s and the 80s, because of the atmospheric nuclear weapon tests, radiologic material which landed on the soils of north and south hemispheres through different ways was emitted. After 1986s Chernobyl’s Nuclear Power Plants nuclear accident, more radiologic material was emitted, which landed mostly over the soils of Eastern Europe. As a consequence, the need of knowing the radionuclide content in soils was born in Europe.
One of the radionuclide emitted to the atmosphere was the 137Cs, a high energetic gamma emitter, and also a surfaces radiological deposit indicator. Because of the effects that this radionuclide can cause on the environment and in the human being, due to external or internal exposition, it has been analyzed with great care, with the objective of establishing the deposit on the surface, and its movement and expansion.
In this investigation, the map of the radiological deposit of 137Cs of Biscay has been established, with a good reliability. This has been achieved through the relation between the radiological deposit of 137Cs and the pluviometry, using Geographic Information Systems.","1945. urtetik aurrera, 1950 eta 1980 urte artean batez ere, arma nuklearrekin eginiko saio atmosferikoen ondorioz material erradiologikoaren igorpena gertatu zen, ipar eta hego hemisferioetan modu ezberdinean lurzoruan depositatu egin zena. 1986. urtean, Chernobyleko Planta Nuklearrean izandako istripu nuklearraren ondorioz berriro ere material erradiologikoak igorri ziren, hauek, batez ere, Europako ekialdeko lurzoruan depositatu zirenak. Izandako igorketa erradiologikoaren ondorioz, lurzoruek aurkezten duten erradio-nukleidoen edukia ezagutzeko beharra sortu zen.
Atmosferara igorritako erradio-nukleido horietako bat 137Cs dugu, energi altuko gama igorle bat dena eta lurzoruaren metakin erradiologikoaren adierazle bat. Erradionukleido hau bai ingurunean eta bai gizakian izan dezakeen eraginarengatik, kanpo zein barne esposizioaren ondorioa badena, arreta handiz aztertua izan da, honek lurzoruan aurkezten duen bai metakin erradiologikoa zein higidura eta hedapena ezartzeko asmoarekin.
Ikerketa lan honetan Bizkaiko eskualderako fidagarritasun handiz 137Cs metakin erradiologikoa erakusten duen mapa eratu da. Hau, 137Cs metakin erradiologikoak plubiometriarekin duen erlaziotik abiatuta, Informazio Geografikoko Sistemak erabiliz eratu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36851,2019-12-12,"This paper poses an experimental study of a distillation process. Distillation is
one of the most used unit operations in industry to separate different components in a
liquid mixture. The clearest industrial example is the one of oil refineries, by using
distillation it is possible to obtain different combustibles.
A learning process has been developed in distillation. Starting from theoretical
background, experimental and simulation based work has been carried out. Ethanolwater
binary mixture has been chosen as the mixture to be separated and the effect of
the variation of the following parameters was studied: reflux ratio, feed-stage location,
feed temperature, pressure drop… Once all the parameters were analyzed the process
mass and energy balance was carried out. ,
A fully automatic lab-scale pilot plant was used in the experimental part. It allows
observing the behavior of the different PID controllers, analyze the samples that are
extracted from the plant and understand the distillation process. This work allowed
putting into practice the mass and energy balances and the liquid-vapor equilibrium
studied along the degree.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan destilazio prozesu baten ikasketa burutu da maila
teorikotik hasita, esperimentaziora heldu arte. Destilazioa industrian nahaste likido
bateko konposatuak bereizteko gehien erabiltzen den oinarrizko eragiketa da. Industria
adibiderik argiena petrolio findegiena da, destilazioan oinarriturik erregai/konposatu
ezberdinak lortzen direlarik.
Lan honen bidez destilazioaren inguruko jakintza barneratzeko ikasketa burutzen
da, maila teorikotik abiatuz, planta pilotu automatiko bat erabiltzeraino simulazio
bidezko kalkuluetatik pasata. Oinarritzat etanol-ur nahastea erabili da, bertan errefluxutasa,
elikadura etapa, elikadura tenperatura eta karga galera parametroen efektua
aztertu delarik. Parametro guztiak aztertuta prozesuaren balantzeak egin daitezke,
simulazio bidez lortutako emaitzak eta irakingailu eta kondentsagailuan egindako
energia balantzeekin alderatzeko.
Laborategian guztiz automatizatuta eta ordenagailu bidez kontrolatzen den
planta pilotua erabili da, non PID kontrolagailu diferentzialen portaera aztertu
daitekeen. Graduan zehar ikasitako masa eta energia balantzeak eta likido-lurrun orekak
praktikan jarri dira destilazioaren nondik norakoa ezagutzeko planta pilotutik lortzen
diren laginak aztertuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16492,2015-12-16,"This work discusses the possibility of using the most popular commercial feedback
systems (TrueCPR of Physio-Control company and CPRmeter of Laerdal) in a
long distance train. The object is to study reliability and accuracy in both compression
depth and frequency. For the sake of comparison, it was necessary to analyze the
accuracy of both devices also in laboratory conditions.","Lan honetan, bi sistema komertzial ezagunenak erabiltzeko aukera eztabaidatuko da
(TrueCPRPhysio-Control konpainiarena eta CPRmeter Laerdal konpainiarena )
distantzia luzeko trenetan. Dispositibo hauen zehaztasuna aztertzea da proiektu honen
helburua,sakaden maiztasuna eta sakontasuna neurtuz. Laborategian ere hainbat froga
egitea beharrezkoa izan da emaitzak alderatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19447,2016-10-27,"Making reference to the annual Model Bridge Contest of the Bilbao Faculty of Engineering (UPV/EHU) and the fact that during the contest of 2014-2015 there was not a clear winner, as it was not possible to load the finalist models to their maximum load because of safety reasons, this has lead to performing a thorough analysis of one of the models to determine its structural properties.
The aim of this project is to take one of these two 'winners' and to analyze which theoretical maximum load it would withstand. Therefore, initially the bridge's design is studied, referring to the basic concepts and justifying their usage. Afterwards, the materials used to construct the bridge are analyzed. (wood and glue) Using this information a CAD model is made and solved using a finite element program, to calculate the maximum load it should have withstood. From this model other improvement alternatives are analyzed, mainly related to materials used, but also to the design and concluding with a proposal to modify the rules of the contest, in order to avoid what happened in the aforementioned year occurring in future contests. The proposal is completed by introducing new design parameters for the models, to allow other designs and features, as it seems like these bridges have reached loading values that exceed the safety limits of the surroundings.","Urtero Bilboko Ingenieritza Eskolan (UPV/EHU) egiten den Zubi Maketen Leihaketa eta 2014-2015 urtean irabazle argirik ez egoteak, finalisten zubiak apurtzen zituen kargara fsikoki iristea ezinezkoa izan zelako, maketa hauetako baten analisia egitera eta karakteristika estrukturalak zehaztera eraman du.
Lan honen helburua, beraz, maketa irabazle hauetako bat hartzea eta teorikoki zein karga maximo jasan zezakeen zehaztea da. Horretarako, lehenik, diseinua analizatu eta bertan agertzen diren kontzeptu basikoak azaldu eta baliozkatu dira. Ondoren, maketaren eraikitzean erabilitako materialak aztertu dira (egurra eta itsasgarria). Datu hauekin CAD modelo bat egin eta EF programa batean, teorikoki zein karga máximo jasan beharko lukeen kalkulatu da. Modelo hau erabiliz maketa hobetzeko beste alternatiba batzuk analizatu dira, gehienbat erabilitako materialen inguruan, baina diseinuaren aldetik ere, eta leihaketaren arauen aldaketa batekin amaituko da, 2014-2015 urtean gertatu zena errepika ez dadin. Maketen diseinu parametro berriak zehaztearekin batera proposamenari amaiera emango zaio, ingurumenaren praktikotasuna dela eta, maketak euren posibilitate maximoetara iritsi baitira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16522,2015-12-18,"The purpose of this project is to design a system which improves the e ciency
of power inverters. The project is focused in the analysis of the di erent power semiconductors
(based on silicon, silicon carbide and gallium nitride) and driver applications. This
system can be implemented in di erent future versions of power inverters and in many
kind of applications like electrical vehicles. Other than that, it can be also implemented on
any machinery requiring an inverter obtaining more energy and reduce manufacturing costs.","Proiektu honen helburua potentzia inbertsoreen efizientzia hobetzeko sistema
baten diseinua burutzea da. Proiektua erdieroale desberdinen (siliziozkoak, silizio karburozkoak
eta galio nitrurozkoak) analisian eta driverren aplikazio desberdinetara bideratuta
dago. Sistema hau potentzia inbertsoreen etorkizuneko bertsioetan inplementa daiteke eta
aplikazio mota ugarietan, ibilgailu elektrikoetan adibidez. Horrez aparte, inbertsore bat
behar duen edozein makinariatan implementa daiteke, energia gehiago lortuz eta fabrikazio
kostua gutxituz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24844,2018-02-05,"The economic crisis that began in 2008 revealed the different capacity of the territories to deal with the adverse effects of the same. While some regions are able to initiate recovery earlier, others contemplate how the consequences lengthen over time. Thus, the work firstly conducts a thorough analysis of the regional reality of the Basque Autonomous Community based on data from the main statistical sources, to secondly identify and determine the impact of different determinants in the degree of resilience. The results indicate that the weight of driving-force companies, the presence of the foreign population, the weight of cooperatives and the initial response to the crisis have an impact on the level of resilience of these territories.","2008 urtean lehertutako krisi ekonomikoak agerian utzi zuen lurraldeen gaitasun ezberdina shock egoera baten aurrean. Hauetariko batzuk, krisiari erantzuteko gaitasuna eta indarra erakutsi ohi dute; beste batzuk, aldiz, erreakziorako tarte txikia izaten dute. Lan honetan, eskualde bakoitza zerk egiten duen berezi eta zerk bereizi aztertzeko, lehenik Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko eskualdeen analisi sakona burutzen da, iturri estatistiko nagusietan oinarritua, ondoren, eskualdeko erresilientzia-mailan eragiten duten faktore ezberdinak identifikatu eta zehazteko. Lortutako emaitzek, enpresa-traktoreen pisuak, biztanleria atzerritarraren presentziak, kooperatiben pisuak eta krisiarekiko lehen erantzunak eskualde horretako erresilientzia mailan eragin esanguratsua dutela erakusten dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19858,2016-12-14,"This work is a study of the Basque Coast ocean meteorological buoys in order to consider the results in the design of a prototype of the waves energy. An analysis of the various alternatives used worldwide for capturing energy has revealed that systems have extensive damage as a result of the harsh conditions of the sea. So it is highly recommended a preliminary study of the area allowing to incorporate into the design a mechanism that will protect it in adverse conditions. Therefore arises as a main objective the collection and exploitation of the historical database, variables associated with the waves coming from the Basque Government (EVE and Euskalmet) buoys. Currently studies are limited to hourly data from these buoys, being a secondary objective the study of the variations of the waves in less than one hour intervals.
The work presents a great degree of difficulty associated with the manipulation of large data bases historical, coming from different institutions with different objectives that are reflected in the different operational; and therefore, in the lack of homogenization on the bases. So it is another secondary objective, which is associated with the previous analysis of the availability of data and the flow of information.","Aurkezturiko lan hau Euskal Herriko kostaldeko buila ozeano-meteorologikoen ikerketa bat da, energia undimotriza lortzen duen prototipo baten diseinuan kontuan hartuko dena. Eskala global batean egin den ikerketa batek aurkeztu du, energia aprobetxatzeko erabiltzen diren alternatiba desberdinek kalte handiak jasaten dituztela itsasoaren baldintza gogorrak direla-eta; beraz, oso komenigarria da aldez-aurretik instalatuko diren tokiaren ikerketa bat egitea, egoera gogor hauetatik babestuko duen mekanismo bat diseinatzerakoan kontuan hartzeko. Horretarako, helburu nagusitzat hartzen da datu-base historikoen bilketa eta esplotazioa, Eusko Jaurlaritzako builekin (EVE eta Euskalmet) erlazionaturik dauden itsas aldagaien ikerketa. Oraingoz, azterketa guztiak buila hauek ematen dituzten orduko datuekin egiten dira, bigarren helburutzat izanik itsasoak jasaten dituen aldaketak ordu baten baino gutxiagoan.
Lanak zailtasun gradu handi bat aurkezten du, datu-base historikoen manipulazioari dagokionez: oso datu base handiak dira, jatorri desberdinetakoak eta helburu ezberdinekin, zeintzuk operatiba ezberdinetan ikusten diren; ondorioz, homogeneizazio falta datu-baseetan. Hori dela eta, bigarren helburu bat sortzen da, datuen erabilgarritasunarekin eta informazioaren fluxuarekin erlazionatuta."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72614,,"Climate change is a global concern, mainly due to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the use of fossil fuels. One of the key solutions to combat this serious problem is the use of renewable energies. 
The aim of this Final Degree Project is to analyse the feasibility of installing renewable technologies for energy self-sufficiency at Gorliz´s Hospital. To this end, the advantages and disadvantages of various alternatives are analysed, including biomass, solar thermal, geothermal, photovoltaic solar energy and mini wind power. In addition, the power required to meet the hospital's energy demands, both thermal and electrical, is calculated. In the study, the following selected alternatives are described and dimensioned: biomass to generate heat, and photovoltaic panels and wind turbines to generate electricity. An economic study is also carried out and a project schedule is drawn up.
In conclusion, it is determined that the biomass boiler is sufficient to cover the thermal demand of the hospital, but to meet the electricity needs, grid support is necessary.","Klima-aldaketa mundu mailako kezka da, batez ere erregai fosilen erabileratik eratorritako Berotegi Efektuko Gasen (BEG) isuriengatik. Arazo larriari aurre egiteko funtsezko irtenbideetako bat energia berriztagarrien erabilera da. 
Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua Gorlizko Ospitalean energia-autohornikuntzarako teknologia berriztagarrien instalazioaren bideragarritasuna aztertzea da. Horretarako, hainbat alternatiben abantailak eta desabantailak aztertzen dira, besteak beste, biomasa, eguzki termikoa, geotermikoa, eguzki energia fotovoltaikoa eta minieolikoa. Horrez gain, ospitalearen energia-eskaera, termikoa zein elektrikoa, asetzeko beharrezkoa den potentzia kalkulatzen da. Ikerketan, aukeratutako alternatiba hauek deskribatu eta neurtzen dira: beroa sortzeko biomasa, eta elektrizitatea sortzeko panel fotovoltaikoak eta aerosorgailuak. Era berean, azterketa ekonomikoa egiten da eta proiektuaren egutegia prestatzen da. 
Ondorioz, zehazten da biomasa galdara nahikoa dela ospitalearen eskari termikoa estaltzeko, baina behar elektrikoak asetzeko, sare elektrikoaren euskarria beharrezkoa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47006,2020-10-19,"It is about the study of an urban area with different values of parameters like urban canyon, green area, blue area, etc. to demonstrate the way they influence on maximum temperatures to reach on the environment. Therefore, a demonstration is made in a case study in different years with different constructive characteristics to finish evaluating it through indicators and making a choice of the most appropriate situation.","Parametro desberdinen balioen bidez, hiriko ingurua ikertu nahi da eta, honela, ingurumenean eman ahal dadin tenperatura maximoetan daukaten influentzia frogatu. Horregatik, kasu azterketa batean, erakustaldi bat egiten da urte desberdinetan eta zenbait ezaugarri eraikitzaileekin, gero, adierazleen bitartez aztertzeko eta egoera egokiena hautatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41377,2020-02-20,"Project Based Learning (PBL), is an active, cooperative and reality based educational model. The purpose of this survey is to analyze this methodology in depth and investigate how to put into practice, by analyzing the techniques and activities that are used. The methodological approach is qualitative. A semi-structured interview has been held with different educational professionals in several schools. The results of the research revealed the benefits of PBL and there have been collected some examples of the techniques that can be used. To sum up, the survey proves the validity of the methodology, providing meaningful learning to students.","Proiektuetan Oinarritutako Ikaskuntza (POI), aktiboa, kooperatiboa eta errealitatean oinarritzen den ikaskuntza eredu bat da. Lan honen helburu nagusia metodologia honetan sakontzea eta hezkuntza esparru errealetan praktikara nola eramaten den ikertzea da, erabiltzen diren teknika eta jarduerak aztertuz. Horretarako, ikerketa kualitatibo bat egin da hainbat eskoletako hezkuntzako profesionalekin, elkarrizketa erdi-egituratuen bitartez hain zuzen ere. Ikerketaren emaitzetan, metodologia hau erabiltzen duten irakasleek nabarmentzen dituzten onurak jasotzen dira eta proiektuak burutzerakoan erabil daitezkeen jarduera zein tekniken adibide desberdinak jasotzen dira. Lanean beraz, metodologiaren baliagarritasuna agerian geratzen da, ikasleen ikaskuntza esanguratsua bermatzen duelarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14322,2015-02-02,"The aim of this document is to introduce the use of renewable energies in current
construction, for this propose, the available energies on the market will be analyzed, as
well as its benefits and its possible application in homes, factories, sport center,
shopping centers, etc. In order to reach all this competences will be more emphasis on
the use of these new technologies in supplies of electric power and cooling systems
considering that not all renewable energies are applicable to construction and neither
have the same energetic purpose. This work is performed within the work end-of-degree
Project of “Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería de Bilbao” (ETSIB), specifically refers
to TFG.3 work.
The work also comprises the expected relieved from costs and planning, where
de breakdown of incurred costs to implement this report and the development time for
it are analyzed.
To conclude, some annexes explaining several of the Standards that are currently
managed are added and some commercial product catalogs and building placement devices are also included.","Dokumentu honen helburua energia berriztagarriek gaur egungo eraikuntzan
duten erabilera zein den azaltzea da, horretarako merkatuan dauden energia motak
azalduko dira, hauek dituzten onurak eta izan ditzaketen aplikazioak eraikuntzan, gune
industrialetan, polikiroldegi, merkatal zentroetan, etab. Gaitasun hauek guztiak lortzeko
hornikuntza elektrikoan eta klimatizazioan nabarmenduko da lana, kontutan hartuz
energia guztiak ez direla aplikagarriak eraikuntza sektorean eta ez dutela aplikazio
berdinetarako balio. Lan hau Bilboko Goi Ingeniaritza Eskola Teknikoak (IGET) eskaintzen
dituen gradu amaierako lanen barruan dago, hain zuzen ere GRAL.3 lan motaren
barnean.
Lanak ere, kostu jorraketa eta planifikazio atalak ditu, non memoria burutzeko
erabilitako kostu xehatzea aztertzen den baita lan egiteko erabili den denbora ere.
Bukatzeko eranskinak gehitu dira, hauetan gaur egun erabiltzen diren legeak
azaltzen dira eta baita eraikuntzen koka daitezkeen elementu eta produktu komertzialen katalogo txikia ere badago."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14018,2015-01-16,"ABSTRACT: The aim of this empiric study is to assess the attitudes of students in three schools within Lea-Artibai region to know if some factors as country of origin and mother language cause differences. Using Likert-scale questionnaire has been collected information and has been measured integrative and instrumental motivations of students, the degree to which students felt that learning a second language is important and also parental support, and then it has been compared the different groups. Although all the participants have demonstrated high outcomes, those native students whose home language is euskera have shown lower outcomes regarding those aspects used to describe the attitudes. Therefore in this context it has reported that home language and country of origin have influence toward learning a second language.","LABURPENA: Lan enpiriko honen helburua Lea-Artibaiko hiru ikastetxetako ikasleen jarrerak aztertzea izan da, jatorria eta ama-hizkuntza bezalako faktoreek ezberdintasunik eragiten duten ikusteko. Horretarako, Likert eskalako galdetegien bidez informazioa bildu, ikasleen motibazioak -integratzailea eta instrumentala-, bigarren hizkuntza ikasteari eskaintzen dioten garrantzia eta haien gurasoen laguntza neurtu eta ondoren talde ezberdinen arteko konparaketa gauzatu da. Parte-hartzaile guztiek emaitza onak erakutsi badituzte ere, ama-hizkuntza euskara dutenek eta jatorriz euskal herritarrak direnek eskuratu dituzte emaitzarik baxuenak jarrerak deskribatzeko erabili diren aspektu horietan. Hala, ondorioztatu da testuinguru honetan etxeko hizkuntzak eta jatorriak badakartela desberdintasunik bigarren hizkuntzaren ikaskuntzarekiko jarreran."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64617,2017-09-30,"The aim of this paper is to consider the types of masculinity that appear in three Basque novels for children and young people. Attention will be given to different aspects of the characters to see whether they posit alternative masculinities, distinct from the hegemonic form of masculinity. To do this, three Lizardi prize winners were chosen: Matias Ploff-en erabakiak (1991) by Patxi Zubizarreta, Alex (1994 [1990]) by Mariasun Landa, and Kea airean bezala (2006) by Imanol Azkue.All three novels have similar textual features: the characters tell us about their concerns in the first person, from their I; they are the same sex and of similar age; and all three have physical/psychological problems to overcome to get on in life. The thematic approach and the construction of the characters are, however, not the same in all cases, and these nuances will be discussed before concluding what kinds of mas-culinity they present.","Lan honen helburua euskal haur eta gazte literaturako hiru eleberritan ageri diren mas-kulinitate motak arakatzea da. Pertsonaien hainbat alderdi aztertuz maskulinitate hegemo-nikoetatik kanpo maskulinitate alternatiborik planteatzen den ikusteko, Lizardi Saria iraba-zi duten hiru obra hautatu dira: Patxi Zubizarretaren Matias Ploff-en erabakiak (1991), Mariasun Landaren Alex (1994 [1990]), eta Imanol Azkueren Kea airean bezala (2006). Hiru eleberriek antzeko ezaugarri testualak dituzte: nitasunetik kontatzen dizkigute pertsonaiek bere kezkak; protagonistak genero eta adin bertsukoak dira; eta bizitzan aurrera egiteko eragozpen fisiko-psikologikoak dituzte. Gaien trataera eta pertsonaien eraikuntza, baina, ez da beti berbera, eta ñabardura horietan sakonduz ondorioztatuko dugu zer maskulinitate mota aurkezten diguten."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16284,2015-12-01,"It consists on the study and comparison between two surface processes, Shot-Peening and Low Plasticity Ball Burnishing, by doing tests and studying the results, in order to determine which process could be more suitable for the improvement of the fatigue endurance of the components of the suspension of a car.","Entseiuen eta lortutako emaitzen azterketaren bidez bi azaletako tratamendu mekaniko, Shot-Peening eta Low Plasticity Ball Burnishing, ikasiko eta konparatuko dira. Jakingo da zein den egokiena autoaren esekiduren elementuen neke portaera hobetzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57050,2022-07-26,"The aim of this work is to show how the island of Puerto Rico, in spite of being
considered as a “Free Associated State” of the United States of America, it is in fact
under the status of a colony even now in the XXIst century. To this effect, a brief
journey through the history of Puerto Rico is made, from its “discovery” by the Spanish
to nowadays. Specially focusing on the economic and social situation that the island
has experienced during the XXIst century.
Throughout the work, data comparisons among the United States are made and the
power of the relations that the metropolis maintains with the colony are analized. The
conclusion reached to, is that Puerto Rico enjoys a false freedom and that continues
under a colonialist regime, which is far from being the great economy that the United
States wanted to demonstrate that it could create in Latin America.","Lan honen helburu nagusia da Puerto Rico irlak gaur egun pairatzen duen menpeko kolonia egoeraren errealitatea bistaratzea, Estatu Batuekin “Estado Libre Asociado” baten egoeran topatu arren. Horretarako, Puerto Rico irlaren historiari hurbileko begirada bat ematen zaio: espainolen irlaren “aurkikuntzatik” gaur egunerarte. XXI. mendean jartzen da arretarik handiena, baita irlak bizitako egoera ekonomiko zein sozialean ere.
Lanean zehar, Estatu Batuetako zein Puerto Ricoko datuen konparatibak islatzen dira, modu honetan metropoliaren eta koloniaren arteko botere harremanak aztertuz.
1
Honen bitartez, Puerto Rico irlaren sasi-askatasun egoera ageri-agerian uzten da. Esate baterako, erregimen kolonial baten menpe aurkitzen da; Estatu Batuek Latinoamerikan sortu eta erakutsi nahi zuten aparteko ekonomia sistematik asko aldenduz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28685,2017,"The interpretation of events during the War of the Convention in Gipuzkoa and Donostia has generated an extensive body of literature and an intense debate,
which remains open. This research is not intended to give a definitive explanation, something which would in fact be a difficult task, given the scarcity of documentation
that exists. An attempt is made, however, to reflect on these events from an individual, non-group perspective, in which the decisions of individuals take precedence over family, group, institutional, class or labour frameworks.","Konbentzio Gerran Gipuzkoan eta Donostian gertatutakoaren interpretazioak literatura zabala ez ezik, oraindik zabalik dagoen eztabaida bizia ere eragin du.
Ikerketa honek ez du behin betiko azalpenik eman nahi, dagoen dokumentazio urria ikusita nekez egin daitekeena, bestalde. Hala eta guztiz ere, gertaera haiei buruzko gogoeta egin nahi du banakoaren ikuspegia, eta ez taldearena, oinarri hartuta; hori horrela, banakoen erabakiak lehenetsiko ditu familia-, talde-, erakunde-, klase- edo lan-esparruen aurrean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17645,2016-03-16,"Ever since its origins, fables have always been related to teaching due to its moralizing aim. That’s why fables are classified between didactic genres. The analysis and the comparison that has been made about the fable The ant and the grasshopper has let us prove the evolution is has both in its own and in the message it transmits. And this message is transformed depending on the historical context in which it is written. Furthermore, some characteristics of the fable make it possible to use them as a tool for primary education so as to reach different goals.","Bere sorrera urrunetik, alegia beti egon da harremanetan irakaskuntzarekin bere moralizatzeko asmoa dela-eta; horren ondorioz, beti genero didaktikoen artean sailkatu egin da. Txitxarra eta inurria alegiaren bertsio desberdinen azterketa eta konparaketa alegia bera zein bertan ematen den mezua, testuinguru historikoaren arabera, izan duten bilakaera egiaztatzea baimendu egin dute. Gainera, alegien ezaugarri batzuek Lehen Hezkuntzako tresna didaktiko bezala erabiltzea posible egiten dute, helburu desberdinak lortzeko asmoz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16255,2015-11-30,"The aim of this project is the development of a data acquisition and treatment
system for the experimental measuring of the position and the acceleration. On the
one hand, the data acquisition will be carried out by a programmable circuit board
named “Arduino”. On the other hand, using the platform LabVIEW a program will be
created in order to analyze the signals. Analog signals will be measured from
different sensors (inclinometers and accelerometers.","Proiektu honen helburua seinalea analogikoak eskuratzeko eta tratatzeko
sistemaren garapena da, azelerazioa eta posizioa esperimentalki neurtzeko asmoz.
Alde batetik, seinale-eskuratzea “Arduino” deituriko plaka elektroniko
programagarriaren bitartez burutuko da. Bestalde, aipaturiko seinaleak aztertzen
dituen programa bat sortuko da, LabVIEW plataforma erabiliz. Sentsore
desberdinetatik (inklinometroak eta azelerometroak) datozen seinale analogikoak
neurtuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14384,2015-02-10,"The main goals of this work are to analyze and to develop the process of hard turning of the steel ASP-23., specially investigating in the performance of different solutions for broaches. In this case, the project stems from the importance of reducing the difficulty of machining the steel ASP-23. This, involves on high economical costs and relative long production processes. Also, it’s necessary to remark that, the importance of hard machining materials is increasing in many industries like automotive or aeronautical industries. 

Project development is the result of the need for Ekin S. Coop, (a leader in machine tool processes high precision broaching), to develop a more efficient machining process of producing brushes. So in the machine-tool class (ETSIB) have attempted to demonstrate the benefits of hard turning machining of the steel ASP-23. 

Today, with the fast development of new materials, manufacturing processes are becoming more complex, because of many reasons: the wide variety of machines with which the processes are performed, the variety of geometry / material tools used, the material properties of the workpiece, the cutting parameters such varied with which we can implement the process (cutting depth, speed, power ...) and the diversity of fasteners used. We must also be aware that such a variety involves large strain magnitudes, speeds and temperatures. 
This is the justification and the main interest in the work to make. Therefore, in this project we try to take a small step in the knowledge of the turning process in hard steels with low machinability, being aware of the wide variety and difficulty of advance manufacturing engineering and knowing that much work remains to be done.","Hurrengo Gradu Amaierako Lanaren helburuak ASP-23 altzairuaren torneaketa gogorra aztertzean eta hobetzean datzate, bereziki altzairu horretako brotxen mekanizatuan sakonduaz. Proiektu hau, ASP-23 altzairuaren torneaketa prozesuaren kostu ekonomiko zein denbora kostuak murriztearen beharrizanetatik jaio da, gero eta garrantzi handiagoa baitauka mekanizatu era honek hainbat prozesu industrialetan; esaterako, automozioan edota industria aeronautikoan. 

Proiektuaren garapenari dagokionez, EKIN S. Coop. enpresak (makina-herraminta sektoreko prezisio altuko brotxen mekanizazioan liderretako bat), ASP-23 altzairuarekin brotxak mekanizatzeko prozesua garatzearen beharra dauka; errektifikazio prozesuak baino, mekanizazio  azkar eta merkeago bat garatu gura du eta Bilboko IGET-eko makina-herramintako gelara jo du, bertan torneakera gogorraren mekanizazio prozesu baten abantailak garatu eta erakutsi daitezan.

Gaur egun, etengabeko material berrien garapenaren ondorioz, gero eta fabrikazio prozesu konplexuagoak eskatzen dituzten mekanizatzeko prozesuak behar dira hainbat arrazoi desberdinengatik: mekanizazio prozesu anitzenatik, material eta geometría posible anitzengatik, mekanizatu behar den materialaren propietateengatik, ebaketa parámetro aukera anitzengatik (ebaketa abiadura, sakontasuna, aitzindapen abiadura,..) edota euste elementu mota desberdinengatik. Gainera, kontuan izan behar dugu, hain aukera zabalak, ezjakintasun maila handi bat dakarrela materialaten deformazio, abiadura eta tenperaturei dagokionez. 

Laburbilduz, hauxek zehaztea dira lan hau burutzearen oinarrizko erakargarritasunak. Horregatik, proiektu honetan mekanizatzen zailak diren altzairuen torneaketa gogorraren ezagutzan sakontzen ahalegintzen da, jakinik prozesu honetak erabili daitezkeen soluzio anitz badirela eta oraindik fabrikazio ingeniaritzan lan anitz gelditzen dela egiteke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/69480,2024-07,"The aim of this research is to analyze the historical trajectory towards an inclusive
school and the current reality of the school; its shortcomings and the resources offered. To do
this, the perspective of parents of children with Special Educational Needs will be taken into
account. For the research, four interviews have been carried out using a semi-structured
questionnaire. The results show that the needs of students with special needs are not
adequately covered and that exclusionary practices are still carried out with respect to some
groups. The truth is that while we are on the path from integration to inclusion, there are still
many contradictions in the policies and practices that are imposed: the intention is to promote
inclusion and the law changes all the time, but there is no reflection on what is established.
Inclusion is the way forward, that is, ensuring that all individuals have the same rights and
opportunities for inclusive education. In this sense, this research shows that in order to adapt
the education system it is essential to take into account the vision and opinion of the different
agents and to work together.","Ikerketa lan honetan, historian zehar eskola inklusiborantz egindako ibilbidea
ezagutzeaz gain, gaur egungo eskolako errealitatea zein den aztertuko da; bertako gabeziak
eta eskaintzen diren baliabideak hain zuzen ere. Horretarako, Hezkuntza Premia Bereziak
dituzten gurasoen ikuspegia hartuko da kontuan. Ikerketarako lau elkarrizketa burutu dira,
galdetegi erdiegituratu bat erabiliz. Lan honetatik ondorioztatu daiteke, behar bereziak
dituzten ikasleen premiak ez direla modu egokian asetzen eta, oraindik kolektibo batzuekiko
praktika baztertzaileak gauzatzen direla. Izan ere, integraziotik inklusiora bidean gauden
bitartean, ezartzen diren politika eta praktiketan kontraesan ugari daude: inklusioa bultzatu
nahi da eta legea behin eta berriz aldatzen da, baina ez da ezartzen denaren inguruan
hausnartzen. Inklusioa da jarraitu beharreko bidea, hots, gizabanako guztiek hezkuntza
inklusibo baterako eskubide eta aukera berberak izango dituztela bermatzea. Hori horrela,
hezkuntza sistema moldatzeko, agente desberdinen ikuspegia eta iritzia kontuan hartzea eta
elkarrekin lan egitea ezinbestekoa dela erakusten du ikerketa honek."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23176,2017-07,"This project consists on the design of the whole manufacturing process of a component for a client from the automotive sector. In it, the parameters of the stamping operation and the drawbeads to be used in the tools are designed to achieve optimum results. In addition, the most appropriate material for the component and the machinery to be used are chosen in it.
All of that is done by computer simulation, which facilitates the optimization of the productive process. Therefore, the results obtained are studied by changing the parameters of the plastic forming processes of metals, taking into account factors like productivity and costs.","Proiektu honen helburua osagai baten fabrikazio prozesuaren diseinua da, automobilgintza sektorearen bezero batentzat. Honen barruan osagaien estanpazioen parametroak diseinatuak daude eta trokelen gainean ezartzen diren balaztak, hobe ezin ondorioak eskuratzeko. Bestalde, erabiliko diren piezen material eta makineria egokienak aukeratuko dira.
Guzti hori ordenagailu simulazioaren bidez burutzen da, honen bidez fabrikazio prozesuaren optimazioa errezten du. Lortutako emaitzak aztertzen dira, plastikozko konformatzaile metalen parametroak aldatuz baina produktibitate eta kostu faktore gisa zainduz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25287,2000,"An approach to the western polices from a criminological perspective is realized. After a review of the concept of social control applied to the police in its relation with other agents, its process of creation is analyzed as a modern instance of juridical-penal control. Likewise, its cultural organization is studied centring in the use of the force, and some examples of the tensions produced in multicultural societies are explained.","Ikuspegi kriminologikotik abiatuta mendebaldeko polizien azterketa egiten da. Poliziak beste agenteekin dituzten erlazioari aplikatutako kontrol sozialaren kontzeptua berraztertu ondoren, bere eratze prozesua aztertzen da kontrol juridiko-penal modernu baten instantzia bezala. Halaber, indarkeria eta diskrezionalitatean gelditurik, bere antolaketa kulturala azaltzen da, gizarte multikulturaletan sortutako gatazken adibideak jarriz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50983,2021-04-15,"Albums are resources with a great educational function, even if they are little used. However, when it comes to gender equality, the function of albums and their illustrations is questionable, considering that they have traditionally transmitted gender stereotypes. In this work, therefore, some contemporary illustrations are analysed with the aim of finding out whether gender roles are still being transmitted and whether they offer new and diverse models gender. From this premise, the present investigation analyses a sample of four illustrated albums, using a method of qualitative analysis. Likewise, based on the aforementioned albums, an intervention was made in a state-subsidised school in Vitoria-Gasteiz with boys and girls aged seven and eight. Analyzing the piece of information obtained from the albums, it has been seen that in two albums gender stereotypes are reproduced in different areas: presence, prominence, physical characteristics, type of clothing, objects, professions and actions. The other two albums, however, have made progress. In examining the children's illustrations, it has been observed that they have internalized the stereotypes and captured them in their drawings. It has therefore become clear that there has been a marked improvement in some images promoting equality, although the traces of many stereotypes are still evident.","Albumak haurren egunerokotasunean ez-ohiko baliabideak dira, hauen funtzio hezitzailea ukaezina izanik. Gainera, genero berdintasunari dagokionez, albumak eta bertako irudien funtzioa eztabaidagarri bihurtzen da, tradizionalki genero estereotipoak transmititu dituztela kontuan izanik. Lan honetan, beraz, gaur egungo albumen ilustrazio batzuek genero rolak transmititzen jarraitzen duten eta generoarekiko eredu berriak eta anitzak eskaintzen dituzten aztertu da. Premisa horrekin, lan kualitatibo baten bidez, irudiz hornituriko lau album aztertu dira eta album horietan oinarrituz, Gasteizko eskola kontzertatu batean zazpi-zortzi urteko umeekin genero estereotipoen inguruko esku-hartzea aurrera eramatea erabaki da. Albumetatik ateratako datuak aztertzean, ikusi da bi albumetan genero estereotipoak zenbait arlotan birproduzitzen direla: presentzian, protagonismoan, ezaugarri fisikoetan, arropa motan, objektuetan, lanbideetan eta ekintzetan. Beste bi albumek, ordea, aurrerapausoak eman dituzte. Umeen ilustrazioak aztertzean, estereotipoak barneratuta dituztela eta euren marrazkiak egiteko garaian plazaratzen dituztela behatu da. Hortaz, zenbait irudietan parekidetasuna sustatzeko aurrerapausoak egin direla argitu da, oraindik ere estereotipo ugariren aztarnak nabariak diren arren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58177,2022-10-24,"Taking into account the punitive tendency that criminal policy has acquired in recent decades, this end-of-degree work is intended to carry out an analysis on the reviewable permanent prison. This will include an analysis of its scope; an investigation of the Constitutional Court's ruling and the individual votes contained therein; a look at the case law of the European Court of Human Rights; and comparative law will be worked on to compare its different applications at European level. On the other hand, an analysis of the growing trend of punitivism will be made and the strength of punitive populism will be observed to become aware of its importance in criminal reforms. To this end, a review of the situation will be done, carrying out a study of existing empirical analyses in this area.","Krimen arloko politikak azken hamarkadetan hartu duen joera zigortzailea kontuan izanda, gradu amaierako Ian honen bitartez biziarteko espetxe-zigor berrikusgarriaren azterketa burutu nahi da. Horretarako, batetik, bere aplikazio eremua aztertuko da; Auzitegi Konstituzonalaren epaia eta bertan ageri diren boto partikularrak ikertuko dira; Giza Eskubideen Europar Auzitegiaren jurisprudentziari begirada bat botako zaio; eta zuzenbide konparatua landuko da, Europa mailan dituen aplikazio ezberdinak alderatzeko. Bestetik, punitbismoaren joera gorakorraren analisi bat egingo da eta populismo punitiboaren indarrari erreparatuko zaio erreforma penaletan duen garrantziaz jabetzeko. Horretarako, egoeraren berrikuspena burutuko da, gaiaren inguruan dauden analisi enpirikoen azterketa bat eginez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60849,2023-04-21,"The main purpose of this study was to examine the physical response made in the first Spanish football league (La Liga) in terms of each player position and the place of the game, by considering only the playing time (PT) and by standardizing it to meters per minute (m/min). For the results of this study, 2,102 players were analyzed, so the physical performance of all the players mentioned, using data from the first round (19 games) of the 2021-2021 season, was included in the analysis. In addition, all player positions were standardized to five diferents demarcations using the following numbers: 699 central defenders (CD), 525 external defenders (ED), 232 forwards (F), 446 midfielders (MF) and 200 playmaking (PM). In terms of physical variables, the total distance (TD) taken for study was studied in the first phase of ball possession (DTPOSmin) and non-ball possession (DTNOPOSmin), followed by high speed runnings with ball possession (DT21POSmin) and without ball possession (DT21noPOSmin). However, the contextual variables were, player positions (CD, ED, MF, PM and F) and the place of the game (such as playing home (H) or away (A). The principal discoveries in the study were these; In moments without ball possession, a greater physical response was obtained compared to periods of ball possession. Those who ran the most in total distances (DT) in both phases were midfielders (MF), and the least were forwards (F) and central defenders (CD). In high-speed running times (21 km/h), which achieved the highest values, were external defenders (ED) in the non-proprietary phase and playmakers (MP) in the balloon-owned situation. There were no significant differences (p 0.05) in the variance of the place of the match, but there was an inclination for better distances in the home games compared to the away games. The findings mentioned may offer important implications for phisical trainers and coahces in part to evaluate the physical performance of games. On the other hand, knowing that the charge of each player position is different, the training could organize according to the specific physical tasks and charges of each demarcation, in order to exercise the same physical response as the games require.","Azterlan honen helburu nagusia izan zen, aztertzea Espainiako lehenengoko futbol ligan (La
Liga), joko-postu bakoitzaren eta partiduaren lekuaren arabera egindako erantzun fisikoa, jokoefektibozko denbora (JED) soilik kontuan hartuz eta metro minutuerora estandarizatuz (m/min).
Ikerketa honen emaitzetarako, 2.102 jokalari analizatu ziren, hortaz, aipatutako jokalari kopuru guztien
errendimendu fisikoak, 2021-2022ko denboraldiko lehen itzuliaren (19 partida, hain zuzen ere) datu
erabiliz, analisietan barneratu ziren. Gainera, joko-postu guztiak, bost demarkazioetara estandarizatu
egin ziren, postu bakoitzean hurrengo kopurua erabiliz; 699 atzelari (ATZ), 525 hegaleko atzelari (HA),
232 aurrelari (AUR), 446 erdilari (ERD) eta 200 mediapunta (MP). Aldagai fisikoei dagokionez,
azterlanerako, lehenik, egindako distantzia totala baloi jabetzako faseetan (DTPOSmin) eta baloi
jabetzarik gabeko uneak (DTnoPOSmin) aztertu ziren eta ondoren, egindako distantziak abiadura
handiko korrikaldietan baloi jabetzarekin (DT21POSmin) eta baloi jabetzarik gabe (DT21noPOSmin).
Testuinguruko aldagaiak ordea, joko-postuak (ATZ, HA, ERD, MP eta AUR) eta partiduaren lekua
(etxean (E) edo kanpoan jokatzea) aztertuak izan ziren. Ikerketan ateratako aurkikuntza nagusiak hauek
izan ziren; baloi jabetzarik gabeko uneetan erantzun fisiko handiagoa lortzen zen baloi jabetzako
faseekin konparatuz. Egindako distantzian totalean (DT), bi faseetan gehien korrika egiten zutenak,
erdilariak (ERD) izan ziren, eta gutxienak berriz, aurrelariak (AUR) eta atzelariak (ATZ). Abiadura
handiko korrikaldietan (>21 km/h), balore handienak lortzen zituztenak, hegaleko atzelariak (HA) ziren
baloi jabetzarik gabeko faseetan eta baloi jabetzako egoeretan mediapuntak (MP). Partiduaren lekuaren
aldagaiaren inguruan, ez ziren egiaztatu ezberdintasun esanguratsurik (p<0.05), baina egindako
distantziak hobeak izateko tendentzia zegoen etxeko partiduetan, kanpoko partidekin alderatuta.
Aipatutako aurkikuntzek, inplikazio praktiko garrantzitsuak eskain diezaizkiekete, prestatzaile fisikoei
eta entrenatzaileei, alde batetik, partidetan ematen den errendimendu fisikoa ebaluatzeko. Beste alde
batetik, joko-postu bakoitzaren karga ezberdina dela jakinda, entrenamenduak demarkazio bakoitzaren
zeregin eta karga fisiko espezifikoen arabera antolatzea, partidetan eskatzen den erantzun fisiko berdina
lantzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36576,2019-11-27,"In  this Project the  pre-design  and  the  calculationsof  the  main  metallic structure  and  foundation  on  an  industrial  unithavebeen carried  out.  In order  to  do  so,  Tricalc  calculation  software  has  been  used.  Firstly,  some alternatives  have  been  proposed  and  analysed,  involving  both  materials and  the  structure  itself. The  most  suitable  onehas  been  chosen,  taking into   account   both   structural   and   economical   factors.   After   that,   the foundation  has  been  calculated.  Allthe  calculations  of  the  structure have been done according to the Spanish legislation.","Lan honetan    nabe    industrialeko    zimentazioareneta    bere    egitura metalikoaren    kalkulua    eta    hasierako dimentsionamendua    egin    da. Horretarako,  Tricalc  programa  erabili  da.  Lehenik  eta  behin,  hainbat soluzio  posible  proposatu  eta  aztertu  dira,  zehatz  mehatz  portikoaren materiala    eta    egitura.    Aukera    guztiak    kontuan    hartuta, erizpideestruktural eta ekonomikoei hobeto egokitzenzena aukeratu da. Azkenik, nabearen  zimentazioaren  dimentsionaketa  egin  da.  Egindako  kalkuluak, Eraikuntzaren Kode Teknikoaren arabera egin dira"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25432,1999,"Fraudulent conducts against financial interests are an increasing phenomenon that worries the
European institutions. To fight against fraud to the entries, subject of this work, it must be taken the same
measures from European Union as well as form the Law of States. This way, it is compared the regulation in
the Penal Code and in the Smuggling Law with the Convention about the protection of financial interests of
the European Union of 1985.","Finantzar interesen aurkako iruzurrezko jokaera erkidegoko erakundeei kezkatzen dien eta
hazten ari de gertakari bat da. Lan honen gai den, diru sarreren iruzurrei aurre egiteko, neurri berdinak hartu
behar dira Europako erkidegoan eta Estatuen barne Zuzenbidean. Hau hala izanik, Kode penalaren araupidea
eta kontrabandoaren legearen edukina, 1995-ko Europako erkidegoaren finantzar interesen babesari buruzko
konbenioaren pare jartzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25012,2007,"Examining the main points of the juridical and social treatment of the immigrated victim women in France shows that the status of immigrant prevails over the status of being a woman, despite some nuances concerning the assistance and care. Thus, the specifi cities are very limited in the juridical context: the legislative changes concerning the foreigner’s law toughen the conditions of staying in France and the women become more and more vulnerable, even if the will of fighting against domestic violence increases. On the contrary, regarding the social context, particularities play in favour of victim women, especially regarding the assistance and care by associations; nevertheless, in this field there is still a broad frame for improvement.","Frantzian emakume etorkin kaltedunen tratamendu juridiko eta sozialaren azterketa nagusiak ondorioztatzen du garrantzitsuagoa dela gai honen inguruan etorkin izaera, emakume izaera baino. Horrela, espezifikotasun mugatuak aurkitzen ditugu testuinguru juridikoan. Frantzian bizitzeko baldintzak gogortzen dituen atzerritarren eskubideei buruzko legegintza aldaketak emakumeak biktima bihurtzen ditu, nahiz eta ezkontza biolentziaren kontra egiteko borondatea eduki. Gizarte testuinguruan aldiz, emakume kaltedunen aldeko berezitasunak atzematen dira, adibidez, elkarteek burutzen duten paperean, nahiz eta laguntza ekarpenak hobetu beharra dagoen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25481,1997,"In the penal procedure, to seek the real truth during the phase of investigation is the responsability
of the Examining Magistrate, the Public Prosecutor, Judicial Police, the accuser parts ant the accused.
Nothing is proved until the oral judgement, and the police reports, the same as the police data investigation
that it includes, only have a reporting value. However, in these reports it can be finded some data with different
significance, because Judicial Police fulfils some functions that have a very special importance when
affect the penal process.","Delituengatiko zigor prozeduran Instrukziozko Epaileari, Fiskalari, Polizia Judizialari, alderdi
salatzaileei eta akusatuari berari dagokie, ikerketaren fasean, egi material edo erreala bilatzea. Ahozko judiziora
dena heltzen da frogatu gabe eta hala poliziaren atestatuak nola poliziaren ikerketaren datuak, hasieran
behintzat, salaketaren balioa baino ez dute. Dena dela, atestatu horietan adierazpen ezberdinak dituzten diligentziak
aurki daitezke eta hori horrela da Polizia Judizialaren funtzioak zigor prozesuan eragina dutenean
berariazko garrantzia dutelako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43713,2020-06-03,"Introduction: obesity and its related comorbidities (such as metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease and DM) are one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality, and have become a main challenge for 21st century Medicine and a threat to social wellbeing. Its rapidly increasing prevalence has raised concerns and has prompted scientists to look out for new etiologic factors and therapeutic targets, with gut microbiota taking central stage in recent years: indeed a certain profile of gut microbiota has been linked to obesity. Additionally, intestinal flora has also been mentioned as a potential mediator of the beneficial effect bariatric surgery has demonstrated in morbid obesity patients. In this systematic review, we aimed to explain how gut microbiota affects the development of obesity as well as investigating its role on the effects of bariatric surgery.
Methods: in order to look into these two hypotheses, we carried out a comprehensive research of the main databases, including articles published up until December 2018.
Results: our initial search resulted in a sum of 2011 papers, with 1476 of them referring to our first hypothesis and 535 alluding to the second one. After screening titles and/or abstracts, a final amount of 29 articles was included: 20 regarding obesity and gut microbiota and 9 in relation to microbiota and bariatric surgery. A full text screening and critical review of these articles was then performed on them before being incorporated.
Conclusion: gut microbiota is heavily involved in the development of obesity through its participation in several pathways regarding energy uptake, hormone regulation and inflammatory cascades. However, whether having a certain microbiota profile can precipitate obesity or not remains contested. Literature suggests microbiota changes at lower taxonomic levels should be looked into, rather than changes at phylum level. As opposed to simple associations, complex multiomic analysis of biological big data (consisting of the study of microbiome, genome and epigenome among others) is required.  On the other hand, bariatric surgery (notably Roux-en-Y gastric bypass rather than Sleeve gastrectomy) has shown to significantly remodel gut microbiota. Nevertheless, more and longer-term investigations are needed in order to fully understand gut microbiota’s influence on surgery results and how to improve them.","Sarrera: obesitatea eta berarekin erlazionaturiko patologiak (sindrome metabolikoa, gaixotasun kardiobaskularrak, DM) maila globalean morbi-mortalitate kausa nagusietako bat dira, gaur egungo medikuntza eta gizartearen erronka handi bat bilakatuz. Azken urteetan jasaten ari den prebalentziaren handipenaren aurrean Zientzia azalpen etiologiko berrien bila aritu da eta hauen artean, hesteetako mikrobiotak bereganatu du ikertzaileen arreta. Aldi berean, obesitate morbidoaren terapia efektibo bakartzat hartzen den kirurgia bariatrikoak duen arrakastan ere inplikatu izan da hesteetako mikrobiota. Lan honek beraz bi hipotesi, bi ikergai izan ditu: alde batetik hesteetako mikrobiotak obesitatean daukan eragina eta bestetik kirurgia bariatrikoan duen eragina. 
Metodoa: bi hipotesiak ikertzeko, bakoitzaren inguruko errebisio bibliografiko bat burutu da. Helburu honekin datu-base nagusietan 2018ko abendura arte argitaraturiko literatura arakatu dugu.
Emaitzak: gure hasierako bilaketak 2011 artikulu jaso zituen, 1476 lehen hipotesiaren inguruan eta 535 bigarren hipotesiaren inguruan. Titulu edo/eta abstractak irakurriz bahetu genituen artikuluak, emaitzatzat 29 artikulu lortuz: 20 obesitatea eta mikrobiotari buruz eta 9 mikrobiota eta kirurgia bariatrikoari buruz. Ostean artikulu hauen testu osoaren irakurketa kritikoa egin zen, eztabaida eginez eta ondorioak ateraz.
Ondorioak: mikrobiotak eragin nabaria du obesitatearen garapenean energia bilketa, bide hormonal eta inflamatorio ezberdinetan duen efektuaren bitartez. Hala ere, mikrobiota obesogeniko perfil zehatz baten bilaketan desadostasunak daude. Alderdi honetan maila taxonomiko baxuen (filum mailatik beherago) analisia iradokitzen da, asoziazio sinplez haratago begiratuz eta datuen analisi multiomikoak (mikrobioma, genoma, epigenoma eta gainerako omak bateratuta) egiteko tresnak baliatuz. Beste alde batetik, kirurgia bariatrikoak sakonki erremodelatzen du hesteko mikrobiota, Roux-en-Y bypass gastrikoak gehiago eta egokiago Gastrektomia bertikalak baino. Dena den, ikerketa gehiago, sakonago eta epe luzeagokoak behar dira kirurgia bariatriko ezberdinek mikrobiotan duten eragina zehazteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68591,2024-06-20,"With the increase in life expectancy, a higher prevalence of Alzheimer's disease is pre-dicted in our society. In recent years, many researches have been conducted to identify possible causes of this disease and to propose more specific treatments. Additionally, it is important to understand its etiopathogenesis in order to identify the actors involved in the predisposition to develop the disease, potentially allowing an early detection. In this work, in order to determine if there is a potentially causal relationship between DNA methylation in the placenta and the later onset of Alzheimer's disease in adult-hood, we conducted a Mendelian Randomization analysis using our own database of placental quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) and other publicly available datasets of adult and fetal brain tissue. We also conducted a search for summary statistics of Alzhei-mer's disease genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and formatted the obtained genomic data. Subsequently, Mendelian Randomization was performed using the SMR software and the results were characterized using online genomic search tools. Finally, the results were discussed and interpreted through a literature search. In summary, we found CpGs associated with Alzheimer's disease in the placenta near genes previously related to this disease, such as BIN1 and PICALM, but also others with relevant func-tions in fetal development, such as BCL3 and EPHA1-AS1. Thus, part of the genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease may be expressed during prenatal stages through placental DNA methylation. The implicated CpG positions are located near genes relat-ed to neurodevelopment and appear to be specific to the placenta. However, further research will be necessary to corroborate our findings.","Bizi-itxaropenaren handitzearekin batera, gure gizartean Alzheimerraren prebalentziaren gorakada ere espero da. Azken urteotan, Alzheimer gaixotasuna etengabe ikertzen ari da gaixotasun honen kausak topatzeko asmotan, tratamendu zehatzagoak ezarri ahal izateko. Horrenbestez, garrantzitsua da haren etiopatogenia ezagutzea, Alzheimerraren garapenean parte hartzen duten faktoreak identifikatzeko, eta honenbestez, gaixotasuna garaiz detektatu ahal izateko. Ikerketa lan honetan, DNAaren metilazioa eta Alzheimerraren garapenaren arteko erlazioa ezagutzeko, ausaskotze mendeldar analisi bat egin genuen. Horretarako, lan honetan plazentaren DNAren metilazioaren eta helduaroan Alzheimerra garatzearen arteko erlazio kausala ikertu zen,  horretarako  plazentaren eta garun-ehun heldu eta fetalaren metilazioaren ezaugarri kuantitatiboen loci edo mQTLen datu-baseak erabilita. Horretaz gain, genoma osoko asoziazio-ikerketen edo GWASen laburpen-estatistikoak bilatu eta lortutako datu genomikoak formateatu ziren. Ondoren, Ausazkotze Mendeldarra burutu zen SMR softwarearen bidez eta lortutako informazioa hobeto ezagutzeko, bilatzaile genomikoetan ezaugarritu genuen. Bukatzeko, emaitzak eztabaidatu eta interpretatu genituen bilaketa bibliografiko bidez. Laburbilduz, hurrengo informazioa aurkitu genuen: Alzheimerrarekin asoziaturiko CpGak aurkitu genituen gaixotasun honekin aurretik erlazionaturiko genen ondoan (BIN1 eta PICALM), eta baita fetuaren garapenean paper bat duten geneen ondoan ere (BCL3 eta EPHA-AS1). Hori horrela, Alzheimerraren suszeptibilitate genetikoaren zati bat jaio aurretiko faseetan adieraz liteke plazentaren DNAren metilazioari esker. Parte hartzen duten CpG posizioak garapen neuronalarekin zerikusia duten genen ondoan daude, eta posizio hauek oso plazenta-espezifikoak direla ematen du. Hala eta guztiz ere, ikerketa gehiago behar izango da gure aurkikuntzak berresteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72727,2025-02-13,"The development and innovation of new technologies have led to significant advances in the automation of industrial processes, enabling companies to implement more efficient automated production systems. This has also increased the level of complexity of control systems, creating the need for software development methodologies capable of adapting to any Industry 4.0 automation project. In this work, MeiA● 4.0 methodology was used for the development of the control software for the FESTO MecLab model. Specifically, the V-development cycle defined by this methodology was followed to create the MeiA● 4.0 component of the control system. Furthermore, the efficacy of the V-model for developing automation process software was verified. Finally, the correct functioning of the system was ensured through various tools, such as the Base Functional Twin developed in TIA Portal and the Digital Twin developed in Machines Simulator.","Teknologia berrien garapena eta berrikuntza direla eta, aurrerapen nabarmenak egin dira prozesu industrialen automatizazioan, konpainiei produkzio sistema automatizatu eraginkorragoak inplementatzeko aukera emanez. Honek, kontrol sistemaren konplexutasun maila ere handitzea ekarri du, eta beraz, edozein Industria 4.0-ko automatizazio proiektutara egokitzeko gai diren software garapen metodologiak beharrezkoak dira. Lan honetan MeiA● 4.0 metodologia erabili da FESTO-ren MecLab maketaren kontrol softwarea garatzeko. Hain zuzen ere, metodologia honek definitzen duen V eredua jarraitu da kontrol sistemaren MeiA● 4.0 osagaia sortzeko. Horretaz gain, V ereduak automatizazio prozesuen softwarearen garapenean duen eraginkortasuna egiaztatu da. Azkenik, sistemaren funtzionamendu egokia bermatu da erreminta desberdinen bitartez, hala nola TIA Portal bidez garatutako Oinarrizko Biki Funtzionala eta Machines Simulator-ren bidez garatutako Biki Digitala."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36848,2019-12-12,"In recent years, the need for a new energy model has been increased. This energy model should be free of fossil fuels and sustainable, but at the same time, it must be environmentally friendly in order to reduce the associated climate change. One of the technologies within this new model is the so-called ""power to gas"". This technology fulfills the conditions previously indicated as it produces methane from renewable hydrogen and carbon dioxide.
Hydrogen is obtained from the hydrolysis of water through the use of solar or wind energy, which will later be used to produce the necessary methane. Otherwise, the necessary carbon monoxide can come from pollutant emissions, thus avoiding the emission of this pollutant into the atmosphere. Therefore, the current challenge will be to achieve a profitable methane production, which derives from an adequate conversion of carbon dioxide. 
In this respect, the aim of this project will be to achieve a profitable methane production. For this purpose, different photocatalytic reaction tests will be carried out in an advanced system consisting of a Harrick camera. Due to the new system used, before being able to begin with the tests, it was necessary to proceed to the complete installation of the plant and its components, as well as its subsequent set up. 
After having consult and analyze the different researches done to date, it was decided to work with two different catalysts NiAl2O3 and AuTiO2. Because of the high price of gold, cheaper active metals were added to reduce associated costs. In order to find the optimal operating conditions of each catalyst and thus be able to make a comparison between them, different tests were carried out at different operating conditions, such as: different temperatures, spatial velocities and intensities of light. 
It is important to mention that due to different mishaps during the project only one catalyst (NiAl2O3) could be used to carry out the tests. To establish the optimum operating conditions, the work was carried out at constant spatial velocity and the influence of temperature and light were determined. On the one hand, the optimal temperature range during the development of the reaction was between 400-450Cº, it was observed that at lower temperatures the catalyst was not active. On the other hand, it was determined that the application of light during the reaction improved the activity of the catalyst, therefore obtaining better results. 
In conclusion, the use of the NiAl2O3 catalyst in the adequate temperature range and applying light during the reaction could be an efficient, cost-effective and sustainable new energy model for producing methane, which could replace fossil fuels in order to reduce climate change.

IDIOMA: INGLES","Azken urteotan, agerian geratu da eredu energetiko berri baten beharra. Erregai fosilik gabeko eredu iraunkorra eta aldi berean inguruarekiko errespetagarria dena. Eredu energetiko berri honen helburu nagusietako bat aldaketa klimatikoa gutxitzea izanik. Hori aurrera eramateko teknologia aipagarrietako bat “power to gas” izeneko prozesua da. Honek, aurretik aipaturiko baldintzak betetzen ditu, metanoa berriztagarria den hidrogenoaren eta karbono dioxidoaren arteko erreakzioren bitartez sortzen baititu.
Aipaturiko hidrogeno berriztagarria urren hidrolisiaren bitartez sortuko da, beharrezko energia eguzki energiaren edo energia eolikoaren bitartez lortuz. Sorturiko hidrogeno hori hurrengo fasean metanoa lortzeko erabiliko da. Beste alde batetik, erreakzioa gertatzeko beharrezkoa den karbono dioxidoa kutsagarriak diren emisioetatik eratorritakoa izan daiteke, emisio horiek atmosferara igortzea ekidinez. Beraz, gaur egungo erronka nagusietariko bat errentagarria den prozesu batetatik metanoa sortzea izango da. Hau karbono dioxidoaren konbertsio egoki baten ondorioz lortuko da.
Hortaz, proiektu honen helburuetako bat metanoa sortzeko prozesu errentagarria lortzea izango da, operazio baldintza egokiak lortuz. Horretarako, Harrick kamara batez osaturik dagoen sistema aurreratu bat erabiliz erreakzio fotokatalitiko ezberdinak aurrera eramango dira. Aipaturiko sistema berria izatearen ondorioz, ekipoaren eta horri loturiko elementu guztien instalazioa eta ondorengo doikuntzak egin behar izan ziren. 
Proiektua hasi baino lehen eginiko beste ikerketa batzuk aztertu ondoren NiAl2O3 eta AuTiO2 katalizatzaileekin lan egitea erabaki zen. Urreak duen kostu altuaren ondorioz, merkeagoak diren metal aktiboak gaineratu zitzaizkion, honen kostua murrizteko. Katalizatzaile bakoitzaren lan baldintza egokiak lortu eta horiek konparatu ahal izateko, baldintza ezberdinak erabiliz, hala nola, tenperatura ezberdinak abiadura espazial ezberdinak eta argiaren intentsitate ezberdinak erabiliz hainbat entsegu ezberdin aurrera eraman ziren.
Aipagarria da, proiektuan zehar sorturiko ezustekoen eraginez, entseguak katalizatzaile bakarra erabiliz egin ziren (NiAl2O3). Lehenik eta behin, operazio baldintza egokiak lortzeko abiadura espazial konstantea izanik entsegu ezberdinak egin ziren, horrela, tenperaturak eta argiak duten eragina zehaztu ahal izan zen. Alde batetik, erreakzioa burutu ahal izateko tenperaturaren tarte egokiena 400-450 ºC-koa dela zehaztu zen, tenperatura baxuetan katalizatzaileak aktibotasuna galtzen zuela ikusi baitzen. Beste alde batetik, erreakzioan zehar argiaren erabilerak katalizatzailearen aktibitatea hobetzen zuela frogatu zen, emaitzak hobetuz.
Beraz, laburbilduz, argiaren erabileraren bitartez, NiAl2O3 katalizatzailea metanoa sortzeko baliatu daiteke, berria den eredu energetiko eraginkor, errentagarri eta iraunkor baten ondorioz. Horrela, aipaturiko teknologia hau erregai fosilak ordezka ditzake, aldaketa klimatikoa gutxituz.

HIZKUNTZA: EUSKERA"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25628,1993,The kidnapping concept is described and classified in two fundamental groups: one of politicalterrorist character and one of specifically criminal nature. Likewise the situations developed in captivity are studied and it is brought to know something about the acting offenders.,"Bahitura kontzeptua deskribatu eta bi talde funtsezkoetan klasifikatzen da: politiko-terrorista ezaugarrizkoa eta kriminal izaerakoa. Halaber, bahiketan bizitzen diren egoerak aztertzen dira eta parte hartzen duten gaizkileen ezaugarriak ezagutzen saiatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25364,1999,"Penal Law must be a reflection of social worries and sensibilities, the interpretation of the rule
allways have to respond to the moment in which it is verified, but also we need to establish some unrepealable
and world principles. We witness a scientific and legislative movement characterized by extending Penal Law
interventions to some fields far away from the humane interests that traditionally it protects. Taking this
reflectiona as a basis, it is studied which are the more intense and qualified projections produced from society,
as a organized harmonic sum of people, and Penal Law.","Zuzenbide penalak gizartearen helburu eta sentsibilitatearen islada izan behar du, legearen
interpretazioak baieztatzen den momentuari erantzun behar dio, baina jarraipide unibertsal eta aldaezinak
finkatzea ere beharrezkoa da. Mugimendu zientifiko eta legelari baten aurrean gaude eta Zuzenbide penala
gizakien interesetatik hurrun dauden gauzak babesteaz bereizten da. Hau ikusi ondoren, gizartearen gain
ematen diren proiekzioak aztertzen dira, Zuzenbide penala eta pertsonen organizazioen batuketan oinarriturik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20074,2017-01-05,"The aim of this project is to design an experimental model of indoor propagation for wireless communications in the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao. Measurements of signal were obtained using a simulation software. That software is a standard software in the world wireless propagation and radio network planning. In addition, it simulates the radiation characteristics of an antenna and its performance in a complex indoor or outdoor environment. The result of this research is a model of propagation for the signal in the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao.","Lan honetan Bilboko Goi-Ingenieritza Eskolako haririk gabeko komunikazioen barne-hedapeneko modelo esperimentala azaltzen da. Seinaleen potentziaren neurketak simulazio-software bati esker lortzen dira. Software hori haririk gabeko hedapenerako eta irrati-sareen plangintzetarako erabiltzen da. Gainera, antena baten erradiazio-ezaugarriak eta haren portaera kanpoaldeetan eta barnealdeetan simulatzen ditu. Ikerketa honen emaitza Bilboko Goi-Ingenieritza Eskolako haririk gabeko komunikazioen hedapen-modeloa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50162,2021-02-12,"Although the awareness about the use of drugs is increasing, there is still a los to do in Encartaciones. The research to know the consumption of the population has been scarce and, consequently, there are few interventions done to reply the necessity of the residents. Therefore, the aim of this work is to fill the scarcity of knowledge about the consumption of psychoactive substances in the Encartaciones territory. In order to achieve this goal, a quantitative research and a survey have been done. The results reveal that the use of legal drugs is bigger than the illegal consumption. Moreover, it has been concluded that men have bigger drug consumption compared to women. Taking all these facts into account, a social-educative intervention is completely necessary.","Droga kontsumoaren larritasunaren inguruko kontzientzia hedatzen ari den arren, arlo horretan Enkarterriko eskualdean, oraindik ere, aurrera pauso asko gelditzen dira. Izan ere, bertako biztanleriak daukan kontsumoa ezagutzeko eta horren aurrean esku-hartze bat egiteko ikerketa gutxi burutu dira. Lan honen helburua hutsune hori betetzea da, hau da, Bizkaiko Enkarterriko populazioaren substantzia psikoaktiboen kontsumoaren errealitatera heltzea. Horretarako, ikerketa kuantitatiboa egin da eta erabili den tresna galdetegia izan da. Lortutako emaitzek droga legalen kontsumoa legez kanpokoa baino altuagoa dela agerian utzi dute. Gainera, gizonen droga kontsumoa emakumezkoena baino altuagoa dela eta esku-hartze sozio-hezitzailea beharrezko dela ondorioztatu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62980,2023-06-26,"We will dive into the system, society and its functioning of the Canadian state to learn about its multiculturalism.
Likewise, we will analyze the different laws, projects and policies that are oriented at the state level to guarantee
multicultural democracy. With the constant protection of multiculturalism and the application of reasonable
accommodations, the norms of justice and the demands for recognition of the intrinsic diversity of
multiculturalism become compatible. However, although this judicial protection is acquired in the Canadian state,
the protection of multiculturalism begins to fail when the crisis of reasonable accommodation in Quebec occurs.
Quebec is a special province within Canada, with its own languages, cultures, customs, etc. Thus, we refer to the
origin of Quebec society and the basis of the debates, reflecting the studies of the Bouchard-Taylor report. The
Bouchard-Taylor report is prepared to understand what has failed regarding reasonable arrangements and provide
solutions to recover the social peace lost around its application.","Kanadako estatuaren sistema, gizartea eta bere funtzionamenduan murgilduko gara, bertako multikulturalitatea
ezagutzeko. Era berean, demokrazia multikulturala bermatzeko estatuan bideratzen diren lege, proiektu eta
politika desberdinak aztertuko ditugu. Multikulturalismoaren babes konstutuzionalarekin eta arrazoizko
moldaketen aplikapenarekin, bateragarriak bilakatzen dira justizia-arauak eta multikulturalismoaren berezko
aniztasuna aitortzeko eskakizunak. Hala ere, Kanadako estatuan babes judizial hau eskuratzen den arren,
kulturaniztasunaren babesa kolokan jartzen hasten da Quebec-en arrazoizko moldaketen krisialdia ematen denean.
Quebec Kanadaren barruan aurkitzen den probintzia berezia da; besteak beste, hizkuntza, kultura, ohitura propioak
dituenak. Horrela, Quebec-eko gizartearen jatorria eta eztabaiden oinarrira joko dugu, Bouchard-Taylor
txosteneko azterketak islatuz. Bouchard-Taylor txostena eratzen da, arrazoizko moldaketen inguruan huts egin
dena ulertzeko eta bere aplikazioaren inguruan galdutako bake soziala berreskuratzeko irtenbideak emateko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28283,2013,"Wood and charcoal are a biological and cultural heritage that can be analyzed in archaeological and
ethnographic contexts. Charcoal analysis, by sampling charcoal and by its botanical identification,
provides information on the ongoing interaction of human groups with vegetation. We present in
this paper an ethnographic study conducted in 2012 in Ghuala (Algeria), through the analysis of
wood fuel used in a traditional bread oven for family use, in order to shed more light on the debate
around fuel management in past human societies.","Egurra eta ikatza testuinguru arkeologiko eta etnografikoetan aztertu daitekeen ondare biologiko
eta kulturalak dira. Ikatzaren laginketa eta identifikazioaren bidez, antrakologiak giza taldeen eta produlandarediaren arteko elkarreragin etengabeari buruzko informazioa ematen digu. Artikulu honetan
2012an Ghuala-n (Argelia) egindako ikerketa etnoarkeologikoa aurkezten dugu, aztergaia erabilera
familiarra zuen ogi labe batean erabilitako egur erregaia delarik. Helburua iraganeko gizarteen egur
erregaiaren kudeaketa estrategien inguruko eztabaida argitzen laguntzea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63116,2023-06-09,"The aim of this work is to explore the intersection of Law and Cinema, focusing on the portrayal
of some legal concepts of the iusphilosophical field and Criminal Law. While Law and Cinema
may initially appear dissimilar, they share a long-standing history which will be tried to be
shown throughout this work. Moreover the rise of the Law and Cinema Movement has made
cinema a significant tool through which legal knowledge is disseminated to the public.
The aim of this project has been to combine the legal analysis with cinematic exploration,
highlighting the relationship between both fields. By examining the portrayal of defendants’
due process rights and prisoners in films, this study aims to deepen the understanding of how
cinema portrays those matters.","Lan honen helburua zuzenbidearen eta zinemaren arteko elkargunea aztertzea da, eremu
iusfilosofikoko eta zuzenbide penaleko zenbait kontzeptu juridikoren irudikapena ardatz
hartuta. Hasiera batean Zuzenbidea eta Zinema-k desberdinak diruditen arren, historia luzea
partekatzen dutela erakutsiko da lan honetan. Gainera, Zuzenbidearen eta Zinemaren
Mugimenduaren gorakadak tresna garrantzitsua bihurtu du zinema, ezagutza juridikoa jendeari
zabaltzeko.
Proiektuaren helburua azterketa juridikoa eta zinematografia-esplorazioa uztartzea izan da, bi
eremuen arteko harremana nabarmenduz. Filmetan akusatuen eta presoen eskubide prozesalen
irudikapena aztertuz, ikerketa honen bidez gai horiek zineman nola erretratatzen diren azalduko
da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58602,2022-11-29,"Due to the development and innovation of new technologies, there have been significant advances in the automation of industrial processes allowing companies to implement more efficient Automated Production Systems (aPS). In line with the complexity in the development of control systems, PLCs have also evolved offering especially more possibilities to communicate; facilitating data exchange, distributed control and the flexibility to connect devices or machines from different manufacturers in the same installation. Due to the increasing complexity, methodologies for the development of control software are demanded, which are governed by the IEC-61131-3 standard. In this work, the MeiA 4.0 methodology is used to develop the control software for a FESTO model. The V software development cycle has been followed to create a MeiA component of the control system. The main objective of this project is to validate the suitability of the component's information models. Specifically in the system to be automated, the Control System Model (MSC) contains the information of the command part, and the Physical Model contains the information of the operational part. In addition, a new systematic testing process of the control system has been tested.","Teknologia berrien garapenari eta berrikuntzari esker, aurrerapen nabarmenak egin dira industria-prozesuen automatizazioan, eta, horri esker, enpresek produkzio-sistema automatizatu (PSa) eraginkorragoak inplementatu ahal izan dituzte. Kontrol-sistemen garapenaren konplexutasunarekin bat etorriz, PLCek ere eboluzionatu dute, komunikatzeko aukera gehiago eskainiz bereziki; datu-trukea, kontrol banatua eta instalazio berean hainbat fabrikatzaileren gailuak edo makinak konektatzeko malgutasuna erraztuz. Horregatik, gero eta konplexuagoa denez, kontrol-softwarea garatzeko metodologiak eskatzen dira, IEC-61131-3 estandarraren pean. Lan honetan, MeiA 4.0 metodologia erabiltzen da, FESTO maketa bat kontrolatzeko softwarea garatzeko. V softwarearen garapen-zikloa jarraituz, kontrol-sistemaren MeiA motako osagai bat sortzeko. Proiektu honen helburu nagusia osagaiaren informazio-ereduen egokitasuna baliozkotzea da. Zehazki, automatizatu beharreko sisteman, Kontrol Sistemaren Ereduak (MSC) aginte-zatiaren informazioa jasotzen du, eta Eredu Fisikoak zati operatiboaren informazioa jasotzen du. Gainera, kontrol-sistemaren proben prozesu sistematiko berria esperimentatu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23216,2017-07,"The importance of climate change and the consequences that it can have on human health give rise to the emergence of new studies on the rise of temperature in cities.
Cities are points that generate an accelerated emission of greenhouse gases, causing that the effects of this change are greater in these zones. The air becomes contaminated and the tem-perature increases. The lack of vegetation due to the accumulation of concrete and asphalt makes it difficult to dissipate heat, creating the ""Urban Heat Island"", an air layer above the city which is hotter than the air around it.
Through the ENVI-met program, the outline of the Plaza Miguel de Unamuno of Bilbao will be modeled to forecast the current microclimatic conditions. The program allows to establish the temperatures that can be reached in the urbanized zone, reason why different scenarios (more woodland, change of building materials, green roofs, water sheets ...) are proposed to establish the guidelines that allow that the effect of the island is mitigated.
Thanks to the great options presented by the program, it is possible to model the square in three dimensions. The great versatility of the program has also allowed to choose between a wide range of both materials and trees, as well as giving the option of adding elements such as water sheets or pots. Once the simulations are performed for the different scenarios, ENVI-met will provide data about the environment of the square, such as humidity, temperature, wind speed and direction, solar radiation and dissipation among others, so it will be possible to iden-tify the possible causes of the island effect and to propose an improvement of the thermal com-fort in this urban space.
In order to carry out the study, both plans and information on the location and climate of the city have been needed.","Klima aldaketaren garrantzia eta honek giza osasunean eragin ditzakeen ondorioak direla eta, hirietan ematen diren tenperatura igoerei buruzko ikerketa berriei bidea irekitzen ari zaie.
Hiriak era azeleratuan berotegi efektuko gasak isurtzen dituzten puntuak dira, gune hauetan aipatutako aldaketaren eragina nagusituz. Airea kutsatu egiten da eta tenperatura handitu “Bero Uhartea” sortuz, hau da, hiriaren gainean aire geruza bat sortzen da, inguruko airea baino beroagoa dena.
ENVI-met programaren laguntzaz Bilboko Miguel de Unamuno plaza irudikatuko da, gaur egungo baldintza mikroklimatuen aurreikuspen bat egiteko. Programak gune urbanizatuan lor daitezkeen tenperaturak ezartzea baimentzen du, ondorioz eszenatoki desberdinak garatuko dira (zuhaitz kopuru gehiago, eraikuntzako material aldaketa, estalki berdeak, ur xaflak…) bero uhartearen efektua txikitzea ahalbideratzen duten arauak ezarri ahal izateko.
Programak aurkezten dituen aukera anitzei esker, plaza hiru dimentsioetan irudikatzea posi-ble izango da. Ur xaflak eta loreontziak bezalako elementuak gehitzea, eraikuntzako materiala aldatzea eta zuhaitz mota ezberdinak jartzea baimentzen du programak. Horrek, erabilera uga-riko programa egiteaz gain aukera ematen du eszenatoki desberdinak garatzera. Behin egoera desberdineko simulazioak eginda daudela, ENVI-met-ek plazan lortutako egoeraren berri emango du, aireko tenperatura, hezetasuna, haizearen abiadura eta norabidea, erradiazioa eta dispertsioaren bidez. Beraz posible izango da uhartearen efektua sortzen duen zergatia identifi-katzea eta hiri espazio honetarako konfort termikoaren hobekuntza aurkeztea.
Ikerketa egin ahal izateko bai planoak bai kokapenaren informazioa eta hiriaren klimatologia behar izan dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64093,2023-07-05,"The present work examines the current doctrine about the ways of registering private property in the Property Registry by the General Direction for Legal Security and Public Faith. In particular, a comment has been made on the Resolution of 4th of July of 2022. This Resolution explained the ways of registering private property in the Property Registry: the unequivocal justification of the private nature of the property, the declaration of privacy and the privacy agreement. The General Direction explained when the cause of the privacy treaty was free and costly. Nonetheless, it has not been a peaceful doctrine.","Aurkezten den lanean, Segurtasun Juridikoaren eta Fede Publikoaren Zuzendaritza Nagusiak ondasun pribatiboak Jabetza Erregistroan inskribatzeko bideei buruzko egungo doktrina aztertzen da. Zehazki, 2022ko uztailaren 4ko Ebazpenari buruzko iruzkin bat egin da. Ebazpen honek ondasun pribatiboak Jabetza Erregistroan inskribatzeko ondorengo bideak aitortu zituen: ondasunaren izaera pribatiboaren zalantzarik gabeko justifikazioa, pribatutasun-aitorpena eta pribatutasun-ituna. Pribatutasun-itunaren kausa noiz den doakoa eta noiz kostubidezkoa azaladu zuen. Hala ere, ez doktrina baketsua izan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/34842,2019-07-26,"Cement manufacturing process is an intensive activity in terms of  energy  consumption,  in  which  there  are  important  thermal  surpluses as  heat-waste  flows.  In  this  work,  it  will  be  studied  the  possibility  of recovering  the  heat  from  these  currents,  that  are  not  seized,  to  produce electricity.  In  this  process,  there  are  two  main  sources  of  usable  heat-waste: kiln exhaust gases that later pass through the preheater and clinker cooler exhaust gases. Several alternatives will be studied to carry out this recovery, as well as a feasibility analysis in order to see if this installation is viable.","Zementuaren fabrikazio prozesua energia-kontsumo handia suposatzen  duen  jarduera  da,  bero-korronte  moduan  soberakin  termiko garrantzitsuak dituena. Proiektu honen bidez, hondakin-korronte horietan askatzen   diren   gasen   beroa berreskuratuz,   elektrizitatea   ekoizteko aukerak  aztertuko  dira.  Prozesu  honetan,  bi  bero-iturri  baliagarriak nabarmentzen   dira:   labearen   ihes-gasak,   geroago   aurreberogailuak zeharkatzen   dutenak,   eta   clinker   hozgailuaren   ihes-gasak.   Bero-berreskuratze  hori gauzatzeko  hainbat  alternatiba  ikasiko  dira,  baita errentagarritasun-analisi bat, instalazioa bideragarria den ikusteko"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24317,2014,"As well as in some European jurisdictions, till the 80 it was not considered criminal responsibility 
for legal persons, which nowadays is regulated in Articles 11 º and 90 º of the Portuguese Penal Code. In this work the author shows how has been the historical development of such regulation, how it is applied 
and the practical application problems it creates.","Europako beste hainbat jurisdikziotan gertatu den bezala, 80. Hamarkadara arte, Portugaleko Zuzenbide Penalak ez zuen pertsona juridikoen erantzukizun penala onartu. Gaur egungo arauketari jarraituz, eredu zehatza hau Zigor  Kode  portugesaren  11.  eta  90.  artikuluetan  barnebilduta  dago. Lan honetan erregulazioaren nondik norakoa eta praktikak planteaturiko arazoak agertzen zaizkigu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25455,1998,"Starting from a study about the confidence that society has in Police, in the agents as well as in
the institution, the data show that this confidence is based on the perception of the agents’ integrity. In this
way, and after a reflection about the integrity concept and the possibility of its measuring, this question is
applyed to the police professional context.","Gizarteak poliziari buruz (bai agente bai erakunde) duen konfidantzari buruzko ikaslan bat oinarritzat
hartuz, konfidantza hori, bere agenteen osotasunaren somaketan oinarritzen dela frogatzen da. Horrela,
osotasuna eta hau neurtzeko posibilitatea aztertu ondoren, gai hau Polizi frofesional testuingurura
eramaten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45251,2020-07-09,"Abstract. The system which has been designed in this project consists of two nodes. These two nodes can communicate between themselves by using the ZigBee wireless network protocol (IEEE 802.15.4 standard). One of them, which is located in the room to be controlled, uses a sensor in order to measure temperature periodically. Collected data is transmitted steadily to the other node. This second one can be located elsewhere in the house. It has an LCD screen which allows the user to check the temperature, as well as to regulate it at his/her will. Actually, the setpoint temperature can be established by using a pair of available buttons. Thus, as soon as the room’s temperature exceeds the setpoint, a fan is started, and it does not cease its activity until temperature falls below the level set by the user. A PI control loop has likewise been used in the system. The loop helps the fan keep an appropriate speed at all times, so that it ensures a great energy saving.","Laburpena. Proiektu honetan garatutako sistema bi nodoz osatuta dago, euren arteko komunikazioa haririk gabeko sareentzako ZigBee (IEEE 802.15.4 estandarra) protokoloaren bidez gauzatzen delarik. Nodoetako bat kontrolatu nahi den gelan aurkitzen da, non tenperatura sentsore baten bitartez laginketa periodikoa egiten den. Era berean, tenperaturari buruzko informazio hori beste nodora helarazten da uneoro. Erabiltzaileak bertan kokatutako LCD pantaila batean gelako tenperatura kontsulta dezake, baita gelan nahi duen tenperatura nahierara ere ezarri. Honetarako, eskuragarri dituen bi botoiren bidez kontsigna tenperatura zehatz bat finkatzeko aukera dauka. Gelako tenperaturak kontsigna gainditzerakoan, alegia; gelan dagoen haizagailu bat abian jartzen da, tenperatura onargarri bat lortu arte martxan diharduena. Beharrezkoa den energia baino gehiagorik xahutu ez dadin PI kontrola erabili da sisteman, haizagailuak horrela betiere abiadura egokia mantentzen du eta."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23301,2017-07,"Out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the major causes of death in developed countries. Resuscitation guidelines recommend different treatments depending on the heart rhythm of the patient. The objective of this work is to develop a machine learning algorithm based on the ECG signal to automatically label heart rhythms in resuscitation episodes, a key tool for the retrospectively evaluation and improvement of the quality treatment. This work would help to systematise the annotation of databases since manual annotation of rhythms is a time-consuming task which can be an obstacle for handling large data sets.
The starting point of this project was a database composed of 1631 intervals of 3 seconds taken from a larger database containing OHCA 298 episodes. To review the ECG segments, a graphical interface (GUI) was developed which allows the display of the ECGs classified by the type of arrhythmia: asystole (AS), ventricular tachycardia (VT) that degenerates into ventricular fibrillation (VF), pulseless electrical activity (PEA) pulse generating rhythms (PR).
The database has been processed using a machine learning algorithm and the results obtained using cross-validation. Two classifiers have been developed selecting five features of the ECG, first to identify AS, and then to discriminate organised rhythms (PR and PEA) from ventricular arrhythmias (VT and VF). These algorithms have been combined to create a three class rhythm classification algorithm. The total accuracy of the final algorithm was 90.9%. A precise algorithm was obtained for the classification of OHCA rhythm into: AS, organised, and shockable rhythms. This algorithm can be implemented to analyse resuscitation episodes using 3 seconds ECG segments, and could be integrated into new methods for retrospective analysis of OHCA. The results show that it is possible to automatically interpret resuscitation cardiac rhythms, but the accuracy needs to be improved. Nevertheless, these types of algorithms can be very useful since they allow an efficient rhythm classification with a minimum level of expert clinician supervision.","Herrialde garatuetan lehen heriotza kausetako bat bihotz-biriketako gelditzea da. Berpizte gidek tratamendu desberdinak gomendatzen dituzte pazientearen bihotz erritmoaren arabera. Lan honen helburua elektrokardiograman (EKG) oinarritutako berpizte erritmoen anotazio automatikorako algoritmo bat garatzea da. Tresna honen bidez datubase zabalak anotatu daitezke eta modu erretrospektiboan aztertu terapiak pazientearengan zer nolako erantzuna (erritmoa) eragiten duen. Algoritmoak lagunduko luke datu-baseen anotazioa automatizatzen, zeren eta erritmoetako eskuzko anotazioa denbora asko behar duen eginkizuna da, datubase zabalen anotazioa zailduz edota garestituz.
Proiektu hau aurrera eramateko, 3 segunduko 1631 segmentu dituen datu base bat eskuragarri dago, 298 ospitaletik kanpoko berpizte kasuz osatutako datu-base zabalago batetik atera direnak. Segmentuen anotazioa aztertzeko interfaze grafiko bat programatu da, non EKG seinaleak bihotz erritmoaren arabera salikaturik ikus daitezkeen: asistolia (AS), fibrilazio bentrikularra (FB) eta takikardia bentrikularra (TB), pultsu gabeko aktibitate elektrikoa (PEA) eta pultsua sortzen duten erritmoak (PR).
Balidazio gurutzatuaren bidez ebaluatutako ikasketa-automatikoko algotimoarekin prosezatu da datu-base osoa. Bi sailkatze-algoritmo garatu dira EKG-aren bost ezaugarri aukeratuz, bata AS diskriminatzeko eta bestea erritmo organizatuak (PEA eta PR) erritmo bentrikularretatik (TB eta FB) bereizteko. Azkenik bien konbinazioaren bitartez EKGa hiru klasetan sailkatzen duen algoritmoa lortu da. Algoritmoaren errendimendua %90.9 da. Algoritmo zehatza lortu da berpizteko pazienteen erritmoen hiru klaseen sailkapenerako: AS, antolatua, eta desfibrilagarria. Tresna hau 3 segunduko ECG tarteekin erabili daiteke eta berpizte kasuen atzera begirako analisirako erabili daiteke. Emaitzek frogatzen dute berpizteko bihotz-erritmoak automatikoki sailkatzea posiblea dela, baina zehaztasun hobea behar dela. Dena dela, algoritmo mota hauek oso eraginkorrak izan daitezke, aditu klinikoen gainbegiratze minimoarekin sailkapena modu eraginkorrean egin baitaiteke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36852,2019-12-12,"The detection of circulation is of vital importance during episodes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). A rapid and reliable detection of the circulation would allow a rapid identification of the CA episode, thus being able to initiate the cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) maneuver as soon as possible. On the other hand, it would also help in the detection of the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during the CA episode, thus giving rise to the start of post resuscitation care. Unfortunately, today there is still no reliable circulation detection method.
The aim of this project is to carry out the development of a reliable circulation detection algorithm that is based solely on the information provided by the electrocardiogram (ECG) and thoracic impedance (TI) signals so that it can be implemented in all automated external defibrillators (AED).
The detection of pulse in the field of the CA is essentially based on discriminating between two types of heart rhythms: pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and pulse-generating rhythms (PR). In order to carry out this work, 1.140 segments (348 AESP and 792 RP) were used from 187 OHCA patients. The work database was divided by patients into two subsets: training (60% of the patients) for the development of the algorithm and testing (40% of the patients) for its evaluation.
The ECG and TI signals of interest were preprocessed in order to suppress the noisy components of low and high frequencies, and the impedance circulation component (ICC) was obtained by means of an adaptive filtering scheme. Seven morphological features of the aforementioned signals were extracted, these representing the observations that the hidden Markov model (HMM) used to discriminate between the PEA and PR rhythms. The performance of the pulse detection algorithm was computed in terms of sensitivity (SE, ability to correctly detect the PR rhythms) and specificity (SP, ability to correctly detect the PEA rhythms) using the test subset. The procedure for the development and evaluation of the algorithm was repeated 50 times so as to obtain the distribution of the performance metrics of the developed algorithm.
The mean (standard deviation) of the SE and SP parameters was 92,9% (3,9) and 94,0% (3,0), respectively. Therefore, it is concluded that the pulse detection algorithm based on a HMM that uses the ECG and TI signals recorded by all AED is sufficiently reliable to be implementable in current commercial AEDs.","Zirkulazioaren detekzioa berebiziko garrantzia du ospitalez kanpoko bihotz-biriketako geldialdi (OKBBG) episodioetan. Zirkulazioaren detekzio azkar eta fidagarri batek OKBBG episodioaren identifikazio azkarra ahalbidetuko luke, horrela bihotz-biriketako berpizte (BBB) maniobra ahalik eta azkarren hasi ahal izateko. Bestalde, zirkulazioaren bat-bateko berreskuraketa (ZBB) antzematen lagunduko luke, berpizte geroko zainketak hasteko. Tamalez, gaur egun ez dago zirkulazioa detektatzeko metodo fidagarririk.
Proiektu honen helburua zirkulazioa detektatzeko algoritmo fidagarri bat garatzea da, elektrokardiograma (EKG) eta bularreko inpedantzia (BI) seinaleen informazioan soilik oinarrituta, kanpoko desfibriladore automatiko (KDA) guztietan inplementatu ahal izateko.
Bihotz-biriketako geldialdi (BBG) batean pultsua detektatzea bi motatako bihotz erritmoak diskriminatzean datza: pultsurik gabeko aktibitate elektrikoa (PGAE) eta pultsudun erritmoak (PE). Lana aurrera eramateko, 187 OKBBG pazientetako 1.140 segmentu erabili ziren (348 PGAE eta 792 PE). Pazienteen arabera lanerako datu-basea bi azpimultzotan banandu zen: entrenamendua (pazienteen %60) algoritmoa garatzeko eta testatzea (pazienteen %40) bera ebaluatzeko.
Lan honen ikerketa seinaleak, EKG eta BI-ak, aurreprozesatu ziren, behe-maiztasun baxuko eta goi-maiztasuneko osagai zaratatsuak kentzeko, eta, iragazki egokitzaile baten bitartez, inpedantzia zirkulazio osagaia (IZO) lortu zen. Aipatutako seinaleen 7 ezaugarri morfologiko atera ziren, eta hauek behaketak bezala erabili ziren Markoven eredu ezkutuan (MEE), PGAE eta PE erritmoak desberdintzeko. Pultsua detektatzeko algoritmoaren errendimendua probatzeko sentsibilitatea (SE, PE erritmoak egoki hautemateko gaitasuna) eta espezifikotasuna (SP, PGAE erritmoak egoki hautemateko gaitasuna) erabiliz ebaluatu zen, probako azpitaldea erabiliz. Algoritmoa garatzeko eta ebaluatzeko prozedura 50 aldiz errepikatu zen, garatutako algoritmoaren errendimendu-metriken banaketa lortzeko.
SE eta SP parametroen batez bestekoa (desbideratze estandarra) % 92,9a (3,9) eta % 94,0a (3,0) izan ziren, hurrenez hurren. Hortaz, MEE batean oinarritutako eta KDA guztiek erregistratutako EKG eta BI seinaleak erabiltzen duen pultsu detekzio algoritmoa, duen fidagarritasuna dela eta, gaur egungo KDA komertzialetan inplementatzeko modukoa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43066,2020-05-07,"This final degree project encompasses the design, implementation and evaluation of an Inquiry Learning Space (ILS) designed to convey the basic concepts on the effects of thermal energy on the matter, based on the Inquiry Based Learning (IBL) methodology, as an innovative teaching proposal for Primary Education. This innovative teaching resource structured on the basis of the research cycle of the European Go Lab project aims to develop scientific competence in Primary Education. The educational intervention has taken place in Luis Elejalde Primary school in VitoriaGasteiz, where 34 students from 6th Grade have participated. This intervention is divided into three main phases: 1) a previous questionnaire (pre-test) to analyze the level of knowledge of the students on the concept of matter (states of matter, properties, differences between physical change and chemical reaction), the particle model (the sub-microscopic model of matter) and the thermal expansion of matter (changes suffering from solids, liquids and gases at the macroscopic and sub-microscopic level by temperature change); 2) a pilot implementation of the Inquiry Learning Space (ILS) where students have carried out experimental activities for the investigation of the thermal expansion of the subject matter, using the IBL methodology within the Go Lab ecosystem, and 3) a post-test questionnaire after the didactic intervention to assess the level of knowledge of the students on the concept of matter, the particle model and thermal expansion, explicitly worked in the ILS, as well as for the assessment of the ILS and the IBL methodology. In general, the results make it clear that the implementation of ILS has generated more interest in the key idea of matter among the students, fostering an emotional adherence to scientific activity. The implementation of ILS has guaranteed the interest and well-being of the students, concing a low rate of boredom. Besides, the ILS has generated the construction of new learnings, among which it should be pointed out the knowledge of the particle model and the use of it for the explanation of the thermal phenomena that occur in matter. It should also be noted that students have valued the ILS and IBL positively.","Gradu amaierako lan honek Ikerketan Oinarritutako Hezkuntza (IOH) metodologiaren bitartez energia termikoak materian duen eragina lantzeko on-line ikaskuntza gune (Inquiry Learning Space-ILS) baten diseinua, inplementazio pilotoa eta ebaluazioa biltzen ditu, materia gaiaren oinarrizko kontzeptuak Lehen hezkuntzan lantzeko proposamen didaktiko berritzaile gisa. Go Lab proiektu europarraren ikerketa zikloan oinarrituriko baliabide didaktiko berritzaile honek lehen hezkuntzan gaitasun zientifikoa garatzea du helburu. Esku-hartze didaktikoa Gasteizko Lehen Hezkuntzako Luis Elejalde Ikastetxean garatu izan da LH-ko 6. mailako 34 ikasleekin. Ikerketa eta esku-hartze didaktikoa hiru fase ezberdinetan antolatu izan da: 1) aldez-aurretiko (pre-test) galdetegia, Materia kontzeptuaz (propietateak, agregazio egoerak, aldaketa fisiko eta erreakzio kimikoen arteko ezberdintasunak), partikula ereduaz (materiaren ikuspegi sub-mikroskopikoa) eta materiaren dilatazio termikoaz (solidoak, likidoak eta gasak tenperaturaren eraginez maila makroskopikoan eta sub-mikroskopikoan pairatzen dituzten aldaketak) dituzten ezagutzak aztertzeko; 2) ikaskuntza gunearen (ILS) inplementazio pilotua, ikasleek IOH metodologiaren bitartez Go Lab proiektuaren ekosistema birtualean materiaren dilatazio termikoa ikertzeko eta 3) eskuhartze didaktikoaren osteko (post-test) galdetegia, materia kontzeptua, partikula eredua eta ILS-an bereziki landutako dilatazio termikoaren inguruko ezagutzaren eraikuntza ebaluatzeko eta ikasleek beraiek ILS-a eta IOH-ren balorazioa egin dezaten. Orokorrean, emaitzek adierazten dute ILS eta IOH-aren inplementazioak materia gaiarekiko interesa piztu duela ikasleengan, jardun zientifikoarekiko atxikimendua sortuz. ILS-aren inplementazioak ikasleen ongizatea eta interesa bermatu ditu, aspergarritasun maila baxuarekin. Bide batez, hainbat ikaskuntza berrien eraikuntza eragin die ILS-ak, nabarmentzen direlarik partikula ereduaren ezagutza eta honen erabilpen geroz eta zientifikoa materian (batez ere solido eta gasen) gertatzen diren fenomeno termikoak azaltzeko orduan.  Azkenik, ikasleek ILS-ari eta IOH-ri buruz egindako ebaluazioa oso positiboa izan da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26275,1989,"At present, Criminology, as an interdisciplinary science, must coordinate sectional knowleges (biological, psychologiques and sociological) about crime and victim to construct a positive social control that undestunds and attends to the new social dynamic.","Gaur egun Kriminologiari, zientzi interdisziplinario bezala, krimena eta biktimari buruzko jakintza sektorialak (biologikoak, psikologikoak eta soziologikoak) koordinatzea dagokio, gizartearen izari dinamiko berria ulertu eta harrera egin dezakeen gizarte-kontrol positibo bat egituratzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29387,2018-10-30,"The excess of electricity producedfrom renewable sources can be 
used to separate the water by hydrolysis. In Power to Gas technology, theelectrolytically generated H2 plus CO2 is transformed into methane. In this project, the methanation reaction is going to be studied
by testing different nickel based catalytic systems, at certain operating conditions, seeking to maximize methane productionfor its use or
injection in the gas grid.","Energia elektriko berriztagarrien soberakina, hidrolisiaren bidez 
ura bereizteko erabili daiteke. Power to Gas teknologia erabiliz, elektrolitikoki sortutako H2-a gehi CO2-a, metano bihurtuko dira. Proiektu honetan metanazio erreakzioa landuko da. Horretarako, nikelean oinarritutako sistema katalitiko desberdinen entseguak garatuko dira, operazio baldintza jakinetan, metanoaren produkzioa, erabilera edo gas sarean injekzioa maximizatzeko 
asmoz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67956,2024-02-01,"WWME has started as an initiative associated to projects PID2021-123543OB-C21 / PID2021-123543OB-C22, led both by ISCAR group at University Complutense of Madrid (http://www.floatingwindturbineucm.com) and by the Automatic Control Group at UPV/EHU (https://www.ehu.eus/en/web/acg/ikerketa). It has become in a short time a yearly platform to present, discuss, and disseminate the latest developments and the most important outcomes related to Ocean energy applications in research and education. It provides a unique opportunity to bring multi-disciplinary experts, academics and practitioners together to exchange their experiences in the latest
developments, discuss and debate the major issues. Other stakeholders should be rewarded with a better understanding of the potential and challenges on Wind (and) Marine Energy.","WWME bertoko ekimen gisa sortu da, PID2021-123543OB-C21 / PID2021-
123543OB-C22 proiektuei lotuta, Madrilgo Unibertsitate Conplutenseko ISCAR
(http://www.floatingwindturbineucm.com) eta UPV/EHUko Kontrol Automatikoko Taldea (https://www.ehu.eus/eu/web/acg/ikerketa) ikerketa taldeen eskutik. Epe laburrean, jardunaldia gune arrakastatsu bihurtu da: han aurkezten,
eztabaidatzen eta zabaltzen dira ikerkuntza eta hezkuntza arloei dagozkien energia ozeanikoaren aplikazioen azken garapen eta emaitza garrantzitsuenak. Jardunaldiak, arloko diziplina desberdineko adituak, akademiko zein profesionalak, biltzeko aukera eskaintzen du. Hor, sektorean sortutako azken garapenari buruzko
esperientziak truka daitezke eta agertzen diren arazo nagusiei aurre egiteko konponbideak azter eta eztabaida daitezke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29486,2018-10-31,"This report aim is to assess the repowering of a wind farm. First of all, it is explained in a general context the current situation of wind energy in Spain and in particular the repowering process.  Focusing on case involving this project, an analysis of the location and facilities of the current wind farm is presented. The farm has 49 wind turbines type G58/850.
It is essential to carry out an analysis of the wind resource of the area in order to evaluate the advisability of repowering the farm. Actually, the data acquired from the IDAE records that wind speed values are quite appropiate. Nowadays, the energy production of the park is around 158.875 MWh according to assumptions made before and can supply around 150.000 people.
The purpose is to increase these result. Therefore, it will be studied the option of choosing higher power wind turbines from three different manufacturers. After an exhaustive study of the principal characteristics of these turbines, it is concluded that G132/5000 wind turbines are the most suitable ones.
This work results assume that reconstruction of the park will be based on 14 turbines of that type. According to some estimation the park will provide an annual energy generation of 295.485 MWh. The repowering will also entail the redistribution of the new turbines as well as the civil works and the improvement of some road infrastructures.
Finally, an important part of any project is the assessment of the viability. On the one hand, promoters must ensure that they fulfill all legal guarantees. On the other hand, some economic and environmental studies will be determined. According to them and the results obtained, park´s repowering can be possible.","Informe honek haize-parke baten berrindartzearen ikerketa aurkezten du. Lehenik eta behin, Espainiar estatuko energia eolikoaren egoera azaltzen da eta bereziki berrindartzearena. Aukeratutako parkean arreta jarriz,  bere kokapeneko eta  instalazioen analisia azaltzen da. Parkeak  850 kW-ko 49 haize-sorgailu ditu.
Ezinbestekoa da parkea berrindartzearen ahaleran, leku horren baliabide eolikoen analisi zehatza egitea. Ikerketa honek IDAE organizazioak aurkitutako datuetan oinarritzen da eta horren arabera, haize abiaduraren balio egokiak erregistratzen direla aipa daiteke. Gaur egun, parkearen ekoizpen energetikoa 158.875 MWh-koa da eta 150.000 pertsona hornitu dezake.
Proiektu honen asmoa aipatutako emaitzak handitzea da eta horretarako potentzia handiagoko haize -sorgailuak aztertuko dira, hiru fabrikatzaile desberdinen artean. Haien ezaugarrien ikerketa sakon baten ondoren, G132/5000 haize-sorgailuak hautatu egin dira,   egokienak baitira.
Lan honen ondorioz, berreraikitzeak mota horretako 14 turbina izango dituela azaltzen da eta horrek 295.485MWh urteroko energia ekoiztuko luke. Horrez gain, parkearen berrindartzeak turbina berrien antolakuntza  zehazteak dakar,  baita lan zibila eta azpiegitura batzuen hobekuntza.
Azkenik, edozein proiekturen aurkezpeneko funtsezko oinarria  beraren bideragarritasunaren ebaluazioa da. Batetik, sustatzaileek lege guztiak betezen dituztela bermatu behar dute . Bestalde, ingurumenari eta ekonomiari buruzko ikerketak aurkeztu beharko dira. 
Ikasketa hoien  arabera, parkearen berrindartzeak aurrera eraman daitekeela adierazten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20064,2017-01-03,"The aim of this viability project is to study the productivity, efficiency and operation of the Ubao – Toquillo hydroelectric power plant, placed in Oñati , Gipuzkoa (Spain). The elements of the plant will be deeply analyzed, from the capture of water to the electrical generation points: the hydraulic circuit and the mechanical and electrical elements. Some improvement proposals will be made, all of them technically and economically justified comparing the energetic production (and its market – value) with the initial investment needed. Finally, based on the justifications made the best proposal will be chosen.","Bideragarritasun proiektu honen helburua Oñatin (Gipuzkoa) kokatutako Ubao – Toquillo zentral hidroelektrikoaren funtzionamenduaren, produktibitatearen eta efizientziaren azterketa da. Horretarako zentralaren elementu desberdinen azterketa sakona egingo da, uren hartunetik produkzio elektrikoaren puntuetaraino: zirkuitu hidraulikoa eta elementu mekaniko eta elektrikoak. Tekniko eta ekonomikoki justifikatutako hobekuntza proposamen batzuk aurkeztuko dira, produkzio energetikoa (eta honen merkatu – balioa) beharrezko hasierako inbertsioarekin konparatuta. Amaitzeko eta egindako justifikazioak kontuan harturik proposamenen artean egokiena aukeratuko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/45249,2020-07-09,"This project has been carried out the study, analysis, design, and calculation of a low voltage installation for a hostel that will be located in Arana Auzoa 25, Gernika, that will be subject to current regulations. The use of renewable energies, electric vehicles, and sustainable energy development is promoted through the design of solar heating systems, photovoltaic installation, and recharging stations for electric vehicles adapted to the needs of the hostel. The electrical installation has been designed taking into account customers´security and providing a continuous, reliable and high quality electrical service.","Proiektu honetan Arana Auzoa 25, Gernikan kokatuko den ostatu baten behe tentsioko instalazio elektrikoaren ikerketa, analisia, diseinua eta kalkulua egin da, indarrean dagoen araudira (behe tentsioko erreglamendua eta eraikingintza kode teknikoa, besteen artean) egokituz. Energia berriztagarrien erabilera, ibilgailu elektrikoen erabilera eta garapen energetiko iraunkorra sustatzen dira, ostatuaren beharrizanetara egokitzen diren eguzki-instalazio termiko eta fotovoltaikoa, eta ibilgailu elektrikoen karga-guneen instalazioa diseinatuz. Diseinatutako instalazio elektrikoak bezeroen segurtasuna, eta zerbitzu elektrikoaren jarraitutasuna, kalitatea eta fidagarritasuna bermatzea du helburu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19600,2016-11-24,"Given the increasing number of vehicles on the roads causing serious traffic problems and pollution, it is appropriate to step forward regarding traffic management and look for a model of sustainable mobility.
It is, therefore, necessary to use technologies and applications that enable the effective control of vehicles, such as the automatic plate recognition.
The aim of this Final Project is the development of a software capable of recognizing, in a practical and efficient way through a supervised classification, the alphanumeric characters presented on the vehicles’ plates and, thus, enable a more efficient traffic control to thereby achieve the overall objectives of improvement of the environmental quality, safety and reduction of the congestion on roads.","Kontuan hartuta errepideetan gidatzen duten ibilgailu kopuruaren haziera, zirkulazio eta kutsadura arazo larrien eraginez, ondo legoke aurrerago joatea trafikoaren kudeaketari dagokionez eta mugikortasun iraunkorreko eredu bat bilatu.
Hortaz, beharrezkoa da teknologien eta kontrol eraginkorra ahalbidetzen duten aplikazioen erabilpena, hala nola, matrikulen ezaguera automatikoa.
Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua era praktiko eta eraginkorrean igartzeko gai den -ibilgailuen matrikuletan ageri diren karaktere alfanumerikoen gainbegiratutako sailkapen baten bidez- software baten garapena da, eta era honetan, trafikoaren kontrol eraginkorragoa ahalbidetzea ingurumenaren kalitatearen helburu orokorrak, segurtasuna eta errepideetako pilaketaren murrizketa lortzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75416,2025-11-05,"Knowledge is one of the most important resources in project management. This paper examines explicit and tacit knowledge, their sharing mechanisms, and barriers within project-based organizations. Drawing from recent literature, it discusses organizational behaviors influencing knowledge management including the impact of technology and collaborative strategies. Tacit knowledge is acquired from experience, informal conversations, or by observing others, whereas explicit knowledge is formally documented and can easily be transmitted. The thesis proposes strategic recommendations, emphasizing investments in digital communication tools, structured mentorship initiatives, enhanced leadership training, and organized informal interactions. Ultimately, the findings underline that effectively managing tacit knowledge in remote and hybrid contexts is vital for organizational innovation, sustained competitive advantage, and improved decision-making.","Ezagutza da proiektuen kudeaketako baliabide garrantzitsuenetako bat. Proiektu honek ezagutza esplizitua eta isilpekoa, hura partekatzeko mekanismoak eta erakundeetan dauden oztopoak aztertzen ditu. Oraintsuko literaturatik abiatuta, ezagutzaren kudeaketan eragina duten antolaketa-portaerak aztertzen dira, teknologiaren eta lankidetza-estrategien inpaktua barne. Isilbidezko ezagutza esperientziatik, elkarrizketa informaletatik edo besteen behaketatik lortzen da; ezagutza esplizitua, berriz, formalki dokumentatzen da eta erraz transmiti daiteke. Tesiak gomendio estrategikoak proposatzen ditu, komunikazio digitaleko tresnak, mentoretza-ekimen egituratuak, liderren prestakuntzaren hobekuntza eta antolatutako interakzio informalak azpimarratuz. Azken batean, ondorioek ezagutza tazitua urruneko testuinguruetan eta hibridoetan eraginkortasunez kudeatzea ezinbestekoa dela azpimarratzen dute bai antolaketa-berrikuntzarako, bai lehiarako abantaila iraunkorrerako eta erabakiak hartzeko aukera hobetzeko ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/18301,2016-05-26,"The principal aim of this project is the introduction of the user to the world of robotics,
explaining, from a practical point of view, the theoretical concepts related to the cinematic
of space mechanism such as series robots.
In order to achieve that goal a learning methodology it´s been created, based in three
different exercises, explaining RobotStudio´s main commands; a programming software
needed for the virtual control of ABB robots, robot available at the university. Herewith,
this methodology also includes the concepts needed for the realization of basic tasks
inside the field of robotics.
By implanting this methodology, the user will gain the basic concepts needed to program
series robots inside a virtual environment, obtaining practical and visible results by just
connecting the virtual program with the real robot.","Lan honen helburu printzipala erabiltzailea robotikaren munduan barneratzean datza;
horretarako, ikuspegi praktiko batetik, mekanismo espazialen zinematikarekin
erlazionatutako kontzeptu teorikoak azalduko dira.
Helburu hau lortzearren, RobotStudio programaren oinarrizko komandoak biltzen dituen
ikasketa-metodologia sortu da, hiru ariketetan oinarritutakoa. RobotStudiori dagokionez,
programa hau ABB markako roboten, unibertsitatean dagoen robotaren, kontrol birtuala
egiteko beharrezkoa den softwarea da. Honekin batera, proposatutako metodologiak
robotikaren esparruan oinarrizkoak diren ariketak aurrera eramateko beharrezkoak diren
kontzeptuak garatzen ditu.
Metodologia honen ezarpenari esker, erabiltzaileak robota esparru birtualean
programatzeko oinarrizko kontzeptuak bereganatuko ditu, ondoren, esparru birtuala eta
robot errealaren konexio sinple batekin, ingurune errealean ikusi ahal izango dituenak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74841,2025-10-02,"Throughout this work, the influence of team sports on children's socialization has been analyzed. Precisely, through an ethnographic work based on qualitative methodology, this relationship has been analyzed, using participatory observation to investigate socialization in the daily life of a 4th grade primary school classroom. As a starting point for this analysis, the main hypothesis was that ""participation in team sports facilitates the socialization process of primary school students"". In this context, a series of benefits of team sports in the school social life of boys and girls have been presented, which have allowed affirming the relationship between team sports and adequate socialization. However, as the results may be linked to this particular environment, it has not been possible to generalize the conclusions drawn from this small group to all groups in society. Therefore, to obtain a definitive conclusion it would be necessary to analyze samples from different contexts to make the results more meaningful.","Lan honetan zehar, talde-kirolek haurren sozializazioan duten eragina aztertu da. Hain zuzen ere, metodologia kualitatiboan oinarritutako lanketa etnografiko baten bidez erlazio hori aztertu da, parte-hartuzko behaketa erabiliz Lehen Hezkuntzako 4. mailako ikasgela baten egunerokotasunean sozializazioa ikertuz. Azterketa honen abiapuntu gisa, hurrengo hipotesi nagusia jarraitu egin da: “talde-kiroletan parte-hartzeak Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen sozializazio-prozesua errazten du”. Testuinguru honetan, talde-kirolek haurren eskolako bizitza sozialean dituzten hainbat onura aurkeztu dira, talde-kirolen eta sozializazio egokiaren arteko erlazioa baieztatzea ahalbidetu dutenak. Hala ere, emaitzak ingurune zehatz honetara lotuta egon daitezkeenez, ezin izan dira talde txiki honetatik ateratako ondorioak gizarteko talde guztietara orokortu. Horregatik, behin betiko ondorio bat lortu ahal izateko testuinguru desberdinetako laginak aztertzea beharrezkoa izango litzateke, emaitzak esanguratsuagoak izan daitezen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20088,2017-01-09,"The aim of this work was to know and analyse the perception that students of six year of primary have in relation to the jobs and studies of the future, taking into account the gender point of view. Besides this, the work looked for the identifications of the students stereotypes related to the topic mentioned before and doing a proposal to break those stereotypes. For doing so, two kinds of tools were used, on one hand, a set of questions and on the other hand, some focused-discussion groups were made to carry out a debate. From the results it could be deduced that in the investigated group there were some gender stereotypes related to the jobs and studies.","Lan honek, Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako ikasleek dituzten aurreideiak etorkizuneko ikasketei eta lanbide bokazioei buruzkoak ezagutu eta aztertzea generoaren ikuspuntutik izan du helburu nagusia. Honetaz gain, gai horien inguruan dituzten genero estereotipoak identifikatzea eta horiek apurtzeko zenbait proposamen egitea. Bi ikerketa tresna erabili dira, galdera sorta bat eta eztabaida-taldeak egiteko saioak sortu dira. Bertan ateratako emaitzen interpretazioetatik ondorioztatu daiteke aztertutako taldean aurkitu dela genero-estereotipoen presentzia ikasketei zein lanbideei dagokienez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14538,2014-06-24T12:43:06Z,"The mean goals of this paper are to analyze the current academic status of the Ethics in Finance and to analyze what have included the most important researches of this topic.
For this, the paper will be based largely on 205 ISI articles that are part of a Delphi on Ethics in Finance, managed by Leire San Jose (UPV / EHU). Due to this, the most important section of this paper will be structured in two parts. The first one, will be composed by technical data that will be extracted from the articles, such as: years when the articles have been written, country of origin of that articles, language in which they have been written, cites obtained... On the other side, the second one is the part of the paper, in which is explained and discussed some of the issues of the Ethics in Finance.
Apart of that, it will be presented a kind of concept map, with aims to gather the most relevant topics and concepts of these topics; with the goal of show in a clearer way the topics that form Ethics in Finance, and her keywords. Finally, it will be presented some conclusions such us the importance that this topic will have in the future, due to his need to be more investigated.","Ondoren aurkezten den lana bi helburu nagusi ditu. Alde batetik, Etika Finantzarioak gaur egun duen egoera aztertzea, eta bestalde analizatzea egin diren ikerketak zertan zentratu diren.  
Horretarako, lan hau oinarrituko da 205 ISI artikuluetan, Leire San-José (UPV/EHU) irakasleak zuzendutako Delphi baten parte direnak. Beraz lan honen zati adierazgarriena bi bloke nagusitan bananduko da. Lehenengoan, artikuluetatik atera ahal diren datu guztiz teknikoak analizatuko dira, esate baterako: publikazio urtea, zein herrialdeetan idatzi diren, zein hizkuntzetan, etab; batez ere ondorengo galderei erantzuna eman ahal izateko: noiz ikertu da gehien? Zein herrialdeetan? Zein gaiei eman zaie garrantzia handiagoa?... Bigarren atalari dagokionez, Etika Finantzarioa osatzen duten gaien gehiengoei buruz egin diren ikerketen azalpen eta komentarioak jorratuko dira. 
Baina aurrekoaz aparte, mapa kontzeptual bat aurkeztuko da, gai honen azpi-gai eta kontzeptu klabe bilduz; eta horrela, modu argiago batean ikusi ahal izateko Etika Finantzarioa zertan datzan, zeintzuk diren bere barnean dauden gai garrantzitsuenak, eta zein faktore nagusiak dauden gai honetan. Azkenengoz, ondorio batzuk aurkeztuko dira, horien artean gai honek etorkizunean ikertzeko duen ibilbidea egongo delarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23061,2017-09,"This project consists in the detail study of a series of measures of urban atmospheric concentration of formaldehyde, effected in Bilbao during the months of February and March, year 2017. The measurement sampling was carried out over 30 days, continuously, and with 5 minute resolution (quite a good resolution compared with other usual measurements equipments). All these data have been collected and processed for further analysis.
In order to complete our data , we asked the Basque Government for meteorological and air quality information to be able to analyse them together with those obtained from formaldehyde measure equipment, in commented period of time.
This report intends to explain in a clear and understandable way; the characteristics of formaldehyde, its relation with other pollutants. Apart from this, we show how data extracted was handled and the technical details of the equipment used in our project (AL4021) and its calibration.","Proiektu honetan formaldehido neurketa kanpaina bat egin da Bilboko sarreran .Neurketa kanpaina 2017ko otsaila eta martxo hilabeteen artean egin zen, era jarraian eta erabilitako neurketa ekipoa erresoluzio handiko neurketak egitea ahalbidetu zigun (5 minutala).Proiektu txosten honetan, hilabete horietan lortutako kontzentrazio datuak landuko dira eta ondorio batzuk lortuko dira. Formaldehido analisi osoago bat egiteko, meteorologia eta aire kalitate datuak eskatu dira Euskal gobernuari eta haiekin ere formaldehidoaren erlazioa aztertuko da.
Datuekin landutakoaz aparte, lan honetan formaldehidoaz hitz egingo da, beste kutsakorrekin duen erlazioaz, formaldehido neurketa ekipoez, erabilitako AL4021 formaldehido ekipoaz eta bere kalibrazioaz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19876,2016-12-16,"The welding technique has a great variety of uses in numerous fields. One of them is the manufacturing industry, in which the use of techniques that reduce the producing time allowing better results becomes of greater importance each day. From this fact comes the necessity to research for new methods as the remote laser welding. This technique, which is still to be studied in detail, seems to present great advantages in both quality and swiftness.
On this project an analysis of said technique, applied to zinc coated steel sheets, will take place. Following a trial and error procedure, the laser weld will be improved in order to determine the ideal parameters for the development of the weld joint. A visual criterion, in which the keyhole geometry will be evaluated employing microscopy, will be used in order to determine the quality of the welded joints. Said visual check will be complemented with a microhardness tests. Combining these two assays the best parameters to carry out remote laser welding on galvanized steel sheets with the best results will be obtained.","Soldadura hainbat alorretan erabiltzen den teknika da. Horietako bat fabrikazioari lotutako industria da, non emaitzak hobetu eta ekoizpen-denborak murriztuko dituzten tekniken erabilpena gero eta garrantzitsuagoa den. Errealitate honetatik urruneko laser soldadura bezalako metodo berrien bilatzearen beharra sortzen da. Teknika honetan orain arte gehiegi sakondu ez den arren, onura handiak eskein ditzake, bai kalitateari bai bizkortasunari dagokionez.
Proiektu honetan galbanizatutako altzairuzko xaflekin teknika honen entsegua burutuko da. Soldadura hobetuko duen froga eta akats prozedura batean oinarriturik, helburua bere garapenerako parametro onenak zehaztea izango da. Mikroskopio bidezko ikuste irizpidea erabiliko da, non soldatutako loturaren parametro geometriko ezberdinak aztertuko diren, arreta berezia beroak erasotutako guneari eskeiniz, soldaduren kalitatea zehazteko asmoz. Azterketa hau mikrogogortasun ikerketa batekin osatuko da. Bi entsegu hauekin galbanizatutako altzairuzko xafla meheen urruneko laser soldadura burutzeko parametro hoberenen zehaztea bilatuko da, ahalik eta emaitza onenak lortzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63714,2023-06-23,"A systematic reading of the Spanish Constitution leads to the conclusion that the broad political decentralization at the legislative and executive levels does not extend to the judiciary. The State of Autonomies has a unitary judicial structure, based on the principle of jurisdictional unity, with the result that the Autonomous Communities do not have their own jurisdictional structures. Simultaneously, the State holds exclusive competence over the administration of Justice, leaving the Autonomous Communities in the background on this field. The aim of this paper is to approach a discussion on the constitutional design of the judiciary and the administration of Justice and its adaptation to the State of Autonomies, through the reading of the principle of jurisdictional unity along with the autonomy principle, settled on a global vision of the Spanish legal system as a unitary system. Similarly, a number of proposals will be made to bring the judiciary and the administration of Justice closer to the territorial form of the State of Autonomies.","Espainiako Konstituzioaren irakurketa sistematiko bat egitean, botere legegilearen eta betearazlearen alorretan deszentralizazio politiko zabala dagoela ondorioztatu daiteke. Deszentralizazio zabal honek, ordea, ez du arlo jurisdikzionala barne hartzen. Estatu autonomikoak batasun jurisdikzionalean oinarrituta dagoen sistema jurisdikzional unitario bat du, eta Autonomia Erkidegoek ez dute berezko egitura jurisdikzionalik. Aldi berean, Estatuak
Justizia Administrazioaren gaineko eskumen esklusiboa du, arlo honetan Autonomia Erkidegoen esku hartzea bigarren mailan utziz. Gradu Amaierako Lan honek botere judizialaren eta Justizia Administrazioaren diseinu konstituzionalaren inguruko hausnarketa du helburu, bi hauek Estatu autonomikoan duten egokitzapena zalantzan jarrita, horretarako batasun jurisdikzional eta autonomia printzipioen irakurketa bateratu bat eginez, ordenamendu juridikoaren batasunean oinarrituta. Era berean, botere judiziala eta Justizia Administrazioa Estatuaren lurralde-eredu autonomikora hurbiltzeko zenbait proposamen emango dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14640,2015-02-26,"study of the behavior of a slewing bearing located in the join hub-blade of a windmill by different finite element method’s modeling techniques and its comparison. The analysis which have been made are: static using Rough contact, static using Bonded contact and by substructuring techniques. ANSYS Mechanical APDL has been used in the study.","elementu finituen modelizazioan erabiltzen diren teknika ezberdinekin egindako haize-errota baten gurpegi-pala loturan dagoen iraultze errodamendu baten estudioa eta bere konparaketa. Egindako analisiak ondorengoak dira: analisi estatikoa Rough kontaktuaz, analisi estatikoa Bonded kontaktuaz eta azpiestrukturen teknikak erabiliz. Estudioan ANSYS Mechanical APDL erabili da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16348,2015-12-04,"a die design is desired for good forming of the piece, saving manufacturing costs. For it is a study of stamping by the MEF, for which the Autoform software is used. The result of the study is to be a drawn part without wrinkles or cracks and must meet the standard of maximum 20% thinning, all trying to save as much as possible cost.","die diseinu bat da ona piezaren osatuz erregutu, fabrikazio-kostuak aurrezteko. Esateak MEF du, eta horretarako, Autoform softwarea erabiltzen da estanpazioa azterketarako. Ikerketaren emaitza da parte marraztutako zimurrak edo pitzadurak gabe egon behar da eta gehienez 20% argaltasuna estandarra bete beharko dituzte , guztiak bezala kostua ahalik eta gehien gorde nahian."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29200,2018-10-22,"The ultimate goal of the work that is presented in this document is about the analysis of electromagnetic exposure. Therefore, for this project, first a qualitative analysis of several studies on human exposure to electromagnetic fields worldwide will be carried out. After the analysis, the parameters needed for the design of a database that maintains the analyzed measurements in a unified way will be established, with the aim of obtaining conclusions on EMF exposure at a global level. In addition, in this Project a measurement campaign will be performed with the aim of contributing to the set of studies, which are becoming more numerous due to the growing public concern about EMF.","Dokumentu honetan aurkezten den gradu amaierako lanaren helburua, esposizio elektromagnetikoaren azterketa da. Horregatik, proiektu honetarako, mundu osoko eremu elektromagnetikoen giza esposizioari buruzko zenbait azterketa kualitatibo egin dira lehenik. Azterketaren ondoren, bat datozen neurriak modu bateratuan aztertutako neurriak mantentzen dituen datu-basea diseinatzeko beharrezko parametroak lortuko dira, EEMen esposizio buruzko ondorioak lortzeko mundu mailan. Horrez gain, proiektu honek ikerketa-multzoa lortzen lagunduko duten neurriak aztertuko ditu, gero eta ugariagoak direnak, EEMen gizartearen kezka gero eta handiagoa delako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26119,1992,"it is shown the naturalness and humility of Barandiarán, as well as his value as a professor and investigator and his influence in all fields of studie of the basque culture","textoan nabaritzen dira Barandiaran jaunaren bakuntasun eta apaltasuna, bere eragite, bai irakaslea, bai ikertzaile bezala, eta bere eragina Euskal-Herriko kulturari buruzko ikasketak guztietan"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68058,2009-10-26,"In this article we wish to present a bibliographic revision of the most important Archaeozoological publications about of cave sites in the Iberian Peninsula. This information is fundamental to understand the importance of the alternation between humans and carnivores in the cave context. In this article our main objective has been to describe the geographical distribution of two carnivores, Ursus spelaeus and Ursus arctos, because both species frequently alternated with humans in the occupation of the caves.","Lan honetan aurkezten ditugu Arkeozoologia alorreko argitalpen bibliografikoen emaitzik garrantzitsuenak. Leizetan gizaki eta haragijaleen arteko txandakatzea ausnartu dugu Iberiar Penintsulako Goi Pleistozenoan zehar. Jarraian datozen lerrotan, bi haragijale Ursus spelaeus eta Ursus arctos-en sakabanaketa geografikoa aurkeztu nahi dugu. Bi espezie hauek izan baitziren giza taldeekin leizetako okupazioan alternatzia episodioak izan zituztenak"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36532,2019-11-27,"Abstract: the purpose of this project is to design a transmission system for a
Mercedes-Benz passenger car C180 Elegance model.
It is a front-drive vehicle with rear-wheel drive and 5 speeds. In the first
place, the resistances to which the vehicle will have to face will be calculated.
Once obtained this will be sized the clutch that mounted the car. For the
gearbox, the gear ratios and the dimensions and characteristics of the gear
wheels are calculated. The shafts of the gearbox and the bearings that are
mounted on them are then dimensioned. Finally, the rest of the elements will be
calculated as synchronizers, keyways and the transmission axis.","Laburpena: proiektu honen helburua Mercedes-Benz C180 Elegance modeloarentzako
transmisio sistema diseinatzea da.
Motorra aurreko aldean dago eta gurpil gidariak atzekoak dira, aldi berean 5
abiadura ditu. Lehenik eta behin, ibilgailuak aurre egin beharreko
erresistentziak kalkulatuko dira. Hori lortu ondoren, autoa muntatu beharreko
enbragea neurtuko da. Aldaketa kaxen kasuan, engranaje-erlazioek eta
gurpiletako neurrien eta ezaugarriak kalkulatzen dira. Aldaketaren kaxen
ardatzak eta haien gainean muntatutako errodadurak tamaina neurtzen dute.
Azkenean, gainerako elementuak sinkronizatzaile, giltzadurak eta transmisio
ardatz moduan kalkulatuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14743,2015-03-12,"“Diseño electrónico de una red de comunicaciones para monitorización de estructuras” Degree Ending Job consists in the development of a new communication system for the deployment and management of a network composed by a great amount of sensors for structural health monitoring aboard an aircraft. The main objective is to make the use of this network viable, on the premise of creating a more energy efficient alternative than the currently available ones for that purpose.","“Diseño electrónico de una red de comunicaciones para monitorización de estructuras” Gradu Amaierako Lana hegazkin baten egiturak monitorizatzeko bideratura dagoen sentsore kopuru handiko sare bat zabaltzeko eta kudeatzeko komunikazio sistema baten garapenean datza. Sare horren erabilera bideragarria egitea da helburu nagusia, gaur egungoko sistemak baino energia-eraginkortasun handiagoa duen alternatiba bat sortzea oinarritzat hartuta."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31923,2019-03-07,"This end-of-degree project develop the design, implementation and evaluation of a Teaching and Learning Sequence (TLS) grounded on inquiry based learning methodology. The TLS aims to transmit the main concepts of chemistry education in Elementary Education. Moreover, another objective is to work scientific abilities on primary education. The educational intervention has taken place in a school of Vitoria-Gasteiz with 42 students from the last two years of primary education (n=20 5th & n=22 6th grade). The educational intervention has three different phases: 1) pre-test to analyze all the students’ previous knowledge about their interest in science, the perception of chemical products and the knowledge on two basic chemical concepts: solution (identification, components, characteristic and classification criteria) and pH (identification, perception and use); 2) the implementation of the teaching unit where students make experimental activities in the laboratory to investigate how to identify unknown solutions by inquiry based learning methodology and 3) a post-test in order to evaluate the students’ knowledge after the intervention together with and assessment test of the activities. In general, the results showed the perception of chemical products still has been negative and the majority of the students do not understand the importance of chemistry. In fact, students’ previous knowledge about solution and pH are limited and partial. However, before the TLS appreciate a positive change in the Elementary Education students, especially, in solutions identification and in pH concept (perception and use). It is also worth to say that the evaluation of students about this teaching unit has been positive.","Gradu amaierako lan honek ikerketan oinarritutako ikaskuntza (IOI) metodologian eta sentsoreen erabilpenean oinarritutako irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza sekuentzia baten diseinua (IIS), ezarpena eta ebaluazioa lantzen ditu, kimika hezkuntzaren oinarrizko kontzeptuak Lehen hezkuntzan helarazteko. Modu berean, baliabide didaktiko berritzaile honen bidez lehen hezkuntzan gaitasun zientifikoa garatzea du helburu. Esku-hartze didaktikoa Gasteizko Lehen Hezkuntzako Hogar San José Ikastetxean jorratu izan da LH-ko 42 ikasleekin (n=20 5. mailan eta n=22 6. mailan). Ikerketa eta esku-hartze didaktikoa hiru fase ezberdinetan antolatu izan da: 1) aldez-aurretiko (pre-test) galdetegia, ikasleriaren zientziarekiko interesa, produktu kimikoen inguruko pertzepzioa eta oinarrizko bi kontzeptu kimiko ezberdinen ezagutza aztertzeko: Disoluzio (identifikazioa, osagaiak, propietateak eta sailkapen irizpideak) eta pH (identifikazioa, pertzepzioa eta erabilera) kontzeptuak; 2) Irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza sekuentziaren (IIS) inplementazio pilotua, ikasleek IOI metodologiaren bidez, laborategian jarduera esperimentalak jorratuz, disoluzio ezezagunak nola identifikatzen diren ikertzeko eta 3) azkenik, jarduera ondoko (post-test) galdetegia, ikasleen ezagutzaren eraikuntzaz jabetzeko eta IIS-ren ebaluazioa aztertzeko. Orokorrean, emaitzek adierazten dute produktu kimikoen inguruko pertzepzioa oraindik ezkorra dela eta ikasle askok kimikaren garrantzia ez dutela ulertzen. Izan ere, ikasleen disoluzio eta pH inguruko hasiera ezagutzak murritzak eta partzialak dira. Hala ere, IIS egin ostean, aldaketa baikorra sumatu izan da Lehen Hezkuntzako ikaslerian, batik bat, disoluzioen identifikazioan eta pH-a kontzeptuari buruzko ezagutzan (erabilera eta pertzepzioa). Era berean, ikasleek IIS-ri buruz egindako ebaluazioa oso positiboa izan da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16175,2015-11-24,"This work presents the evolution of business administration from its
first manifestations and collects the theories and approaches arising as from
the 19th century to the present, as well as the latest trends in this area and
the new style of relations of Koldo Saratxaga.","Lan honek enpresa-zuzendaritzaren bilakaera aurkezten du,
lehenengo agerpenetatik, eta XIX mendetik gaur egun arte azaldu diren
ikuspuntu eta teoriak biltzen ditu. Azken arlo honen joera berrienak eta Koldo
Saratxagaren harreman estilo berria ere bai aipatzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26048,1990,It is discussed the feminine voluntary work standing out the importance of this service as well as the need for a bigger involution of women in the new camps of social action overcoming the basic helps.,"Emakumezko bolondresgoaren gaia aztertzen da, bere garrantzia azpimarratuz, hala nola, gizarte ekintzaren arlo berrietan emakumeen partehartze handiado baten beharra, lehen mailako sareak gaindituz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14045,2015-01-19,"ABSTRACT: Nowadays the failure of schools is one of the biggest fears in education, and one of the main reasons could be students’ difficulty in reading. As we know, the school library is the most suitable place to encourage and practice reading, so it should be the basis of the school. In addition, innovative educational methodologies could be put into practice in the school library, because it has the resources to do it, but in many schools this is still of secondary importance. This project tries to show different realities of the school library and the main requirements to make it work.","LABURPENA: Gaur egun eskola porrota hezkuntza arloko kezka nagusienetariko bat da, eta honen arrazoietariko bat ikasleen irakurketa arazoak izan daitezke. Dakigunez, eskola-liburutegia irakurketa lantzeko eta sustatzeko gune ezinhobea da, eta hori dela eta, zentroaren ardatza izan beharko litzateke. Eskola-liburutegian, bestalde, irakaskuntzarako metodología berritzaileak praktikan jar daitezke, horretarako baliabideak dituelako, baina eskola askotan oraindik bazterturik agertzen da. Lan honek eskola-liburutegiaren errealitate ezberdinak eta honen funtzionamendu egokia lortzeko baldintzak erakustea helburu du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36849,2019-12-12,"Abstract: the present project belongs to the field of grinding, more specifically to flat grinding.
The main objective is to develop an advanced sensor to be able to measure the
temperatures generated during the grinding process. To do this, we will work with a
pyrometer since it is thought to be the best option for temperature measurements in
the conditions in which we work.
In this way, preliminary tests are carried out in order to check the operation of
pyrometers. In this process, the pyrometer will be introduced into the holes of a piece
and later, that piece will be rectified. Secondly, once it has been verified that the
pyrometer works correctly, a test protocol will be carried out in which all the results of  temperatures, forces, and powers will be analyzed.
Finally, it is expected to validate the static pyrometer for the flat grinding machine. To
do this, an analysis will be made of the pyrometer's ability to measure temperatures and
under what specific conditions.","Laburpena: aurkezten dugun proiektua artezketa eremuan sartzen da, bereziki, artezketa lauan.
Artezketa prozesuan sortutako tenperatura neurtzeko sentsore aurreratua garatzea da
proiektu honen helburu nagusia. Horretarako, lan egiten dugun badintzetan,
temperatura neurtzeko pirometro batekin lan egitea aukerarik onena dela deritzogu.
Modu horretan, aurretiazko probak egiten dira pirometro horren funtzionamendua
egiaztatzeko. Horretarako, pirometroa piezaren zuloetan sartuko da eta geroago pieza
hori arteztuko da. Bigarrenik, pirometroa ondo funtzionatzen duen egiaztatuta, probak
egingo dira tenperatura, indar eta potentziaren emaitza guztiak aztertuko dira.
Azkenik, artezteko laua egiteko makinaren pirometro estatikoa balioztatuko da.
Horretarako, pirometroak temperatura neurtzeko daukan ahalmena eta bere baldintzak
ikertzea espero da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58755,2022-12-14,"Whenever import tariffs are lowered and national firms face a growing competition, productivity must be enhanced in order to survive. Thanks to the ESEE survey where Spanish manufacturing firms provide information about their financial situation, the effect of an increase in import competition may be analysed. Using different econometric methods, I conclude that Spanish family firms, and especially those who are initially less productive, react to it by increasing greatly their labour productivity.","Inportazioen muga-zergak murrizten direnean eta enpresa nazionalek gero eta lehia handiagoa dutenean, produktibitatea handitu egin behar da bizirik iraun ahal izateko. Espainiako manufaktura-enpresek beren finantza-egoerari buruzko informazioa ematen duten ESEE inkestari esker, inportazioen lehia handitzearen eragina azter daiteke. Metodo ekonometriko desberdinak erabiliz, ondorioztatzen dut Espainiako familia-enpresek, eta batez ere hasieran hain produktiboak ez direnek, beren lan-produktibitatea neurri handi batean handituz erantzuten dutela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31746,2019-02-28,"The following senior research aims to analyze the effectiveness and success achieved by the Cooperative Learning methodology in order to provide a response to those students dealing with the Asperger Syndrome. Along this research, the effectiveness of the methodology is measures by an auto evaluative questionnaire, a survey regarding the social abilities of the student, and an assesment rubric. The results show how the students´social abilities are developed by the methodology mentioned before, as well as its capacity to adapt to the classroom. All of these results prove that the methodology is able to provide the needed response for these students.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia Ikasketa Kooperatibo izeneko metodologiaren eraginkortasuna aztertzea da, horren bitartez, Asperger Sindromea daukan ikasleriaren premiei erantzuteko. Jarraian, metodologia horren eraginkortasuna neurtzen da, autoebaluazio galdetegi bat, ikaslearen gaitasun sozialak analizatzen dituen beste galdetegi bat nahiz ebaluazio errubrika bat erabiliz. Lortutako emaitzek ikasleak gaitasun sozialen garapenean eta talde klasean adierazten duen inklusio mailan hobetzen duela baieztatzen dute, baita erabilitako metodologia egokia dela haren behar zehatzei erantzuteko ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58773,2022-12-14,"This paper aims to answer the main question that arises when we talk about the
depopulation of Spanish rural areas: why? Over the years, many experts have tried to
answer this question and the truth is that there is no single and simple answer.
In order to be able to face such an objective, a bibliographical review of the works
carried out by the main historians and sociologists will be carried out, who will approach
the subject from different points of view and who will help me to give an answer as
complete and close as possible to the reality. The last section aims to analyze the measures carried out both at European and national
level, as far as depopulation is concerned. It should be noted that the problem is not
only a national one, but is common to the main European countries.","Lan honen bitartez Espainiako landa eremuen despopulazioaz hitz egitean sortzen den
galdera nagusiari erantzun nahi diot, zergatik? Urte hauetan zehar, aditu asko saiatu dira
galdera honi erantzuten baina lortzen dituzten emaitzek erakusten digute arazoa ez
duela irtenbide erreza.
Helburu hori betetzeko, historialari eta soziologoek egindako lanen berrikuspen
bibliografikoa egingo da. Gaiarekiko ikuspuntu ezberdinek lagunduko naute ahalik eta
erantzun zehatzagoa ematen.
Azken atalak Europa mailan zein nazio mailan eramandako neurriak aztertu nahi ditu,
despopulazioari dagokionez. Kontuan izan behar baita arazoa nazionala ez ezik,
Europako herrialde nagusietan komuna dela"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36518,2019-11-27,"In this project, thesizing of the electrical supply of a photovoltaic system in a  wastewater  treatment  plant  is  presented.  For  this  purpose,  the  dimensioning  will be  carried  out  with  the  main  objective  of  obtaining  the  most  efficient  system possible.  An Excelspreadsheet  and PVSyst software  will  be  used  to  develop  the design of the plant.","Gradu amaierako lanhonetan,hiri hondakin uren araztegi batekoeguzki-energiabidezko  hornikuntza  sistema  baten dimentsionamenduazterlana  aurkezten da.  Sistema  ahalik  eta  eraginkorren  izatekodiseinatuda.  Hornikuntza  sistemaren diseinua egiteko, PVSystsoftware eta Excel kalkulu orria erabili da"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58349,2022-06-09,"The security and defence of its borders has always been of vital importance to the European Union.
For this reason, since 2004, the European Neighbourhood Policy has been a vitally important instrument of
EU foreign policy. This paper aims to address the evolution of the European Union's relations with Ukraine
and Russia under this neighbourhood policy, the reasons for the current situation in Ukraine and how the EU
has been forced to adopt a more geopolitical attitude towards the eastern region, taking on a leading role.","Bere mugen segurtasunak eta defentsak berebiziko garrantzia izan du beti Europar Batasunarentzat.
Horregatik, 2004az geroztik, Europako Auzotasun Politika oso tresna garrantzitsua izan da bere Kanpo
Politikaren barruan. Lan honen bidez, Europar Batasunak Ukrainarekin eta Errusiarekin dituen harremanen
bilakaerari heldu nahi zaio, auzotasun-politika horren babesean, baita Ukrainako egungo egoeraren arrazoiei
eta EBk ekialdeko eskualdearekiko jarrera geopolitikoagoa hartu behar izan duen moduari ere, rol
protagonista bat hartuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26145,1992,"it is explained the necessity to defend the victims rights and to make collaboration institutions for thier relation with Police and Justice Administration. In the same way, it is shown the international, national and autonomous existing regulation.","beharrezkoa da kaltedunen zuzenbideak babestea eta egitea laguntza emateko iraspenak, Polizia eta zuzenbide Sailan harremanetan. Baita ere azaltzen da gaur egin herriarte, nazioko eta autonomiko mailan dauden araukatak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47110,2020-10-21,"(English)

The transmission capacity of the electrical system is extremely variable in the case of overhead lines due to its dependence on weather conditions. Nowadays constant meteorological conditions are assumed to define the thermal limit of the lines statically, depending on the location and time of year, the limit is known as the Static Line Rating (SLR). But it is important to consider that most of the time the real thermal limit is higher since the static limit is calculated with unfavorable conditions. Therefore, it is interesting to use the dynamic capacity, known as the Dynamic Line Rating (DLR), in real time. DLR is a technology designed to modify the capacity of an airline based on meteorological observation and thus make better use of the capacity of the lines.

To begin with, an analysis of the state of the art is carried out. In this analysis, the transmission capacity of power lines has been studied, focusing on the influence of climatic parameters and comparing static ampacity with dynamic ampacity. In addition, the operation of the electrical system has been analyzed, taking into account the different markets and the mechanisms to achieve a balance between production and demand. As mentioned, the objective of the project is to analyze the economic benefits of using the DLR, so different studies with the same purpose are also reviewed. Finally, different studies, where the benefits obtained when applying dynamic ampacity are explained, are also considered.

To analyze the benefits obtained by using DLR in this project, different simulations have been carried out, using DIgSILENT's PowerFactory and Python programming language. Among the simulations, different uses of DLR have been analyzed, both in forecasts and in real time, or different levels of risk of exceeding the real capacity of the lines. Taking into account the results obtained in the simulations, modifications have been made in real time to also calculate their costs. These modifications are really important, because due to the modifications exceeding the real capacity of the lines can be avoided, or even the opportunity to modify the defined production to inject more renewable energy is studied, obtaining economic and environmental benefits.","(Euskera)

Sistema elektrikoaren garraio ahalmena oso aldakorra da aireko lineen kasuan, eguraldiaren menpe baitago. Gaur egun baldintza meteorologiko konstante batzuk definitzen dira, lekuaren eta urteko garaiaren arabera, lineen muga termikoa estatikoki definitzeko, hau da, Line Static Rating (SLR) bezala ezagutzen dena erabiltzen da. Baina, gehienetan, benetako muga termikoa handiagoa da, muga estatikoa baldintza meteorologiko desegokiekin kalkulatzen baita. Hori dela eta, interesgarria da denbora errealean gaitasun dinamikoa erabiltzea, hau da, Dynamic Line Rating (DLR) bezala ezagutzen dena. DLR, momentu bakoitzeko faktore meteorologikoak kontuan hartuz, aireko lineen garraio ahalmena aldatzeko diseinatutako teknologia da eta, beraz, teknologia mota hau erabiliz, lineen ahalmena gehiago aprobetxatu daiteke uneoro.

Hasteko, egungo egoeraren azterketa egin da. Analisi honetan, linea elektrikoen garraio-ahalmena, hau da, anpazitatea, aztertu da, batez ere parametro klimatikoen eraginari erreparatuz eta anpazitate estatikoa eta anpazitate dinamikoa alderatuz. Gainera, sistema elektrikoaren operazioa aztertu da, merkatu desberdinak eta produkzioaren eta eskariaren arteko oreka beti lortzeko mekanismoak kontuan hartuta. Esan bezala, proiektuaren helburua DLRa erabiltzeak dakartzan onura ekonomikoak aztertzea da, eta horregatik, helburu bera daukaten ikerketa desberdinak ere berrikusten dira. Azkenik, ampazitate dinamikoa erabiltzeak dakartzan onurak azaltzen diren ikerketa desberdinak aztertu dira baita. 

Proiektu honetan DLR erabiliz lortutako onurak aztertzeko, simulazio desberdinak egin dira, DIgSILENT-en PowerFactory eta Python programazio lengoaia erabiliz. Simulazioen artean, DLRren erabilera desberdinak aztertu dira, bai iragarpenetan, bai denbora errealean, edo lineen ahalmen erreala gainditzeko arrisku maila desberdinak. Simulazioetan lortutako emaitzak kontuan hartuta, aldaketak egin dira denbora errealean, haien kostuak ere kalkulatzeko. Denbora errealean egiten diren aldaketak oso garrantzitsuak dira, lineen ahalmen erreala gainditzea saihesten delako. Gainera, definitutako programazioa aldatzeko aukera ere aztertu da, horrela energia berriztagarri gehiago injektatu ahal izateko, batez ere energia eolikoa, onura ekonomikoak eta ingurumen-onurak lortuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/33264,2019-05-20,"With the title Opportunities and Risks of Hyperconnected Journalism this SEP’s 25th International Conference (Bilbao, Bizkaia Aretoa venue, 30 and 31 May 2019) has aimed to be an specialized forum that offers active professionals, researchers and educators the chance to share expert views on possibilities for continuous improvement in journalism in a current disruptive context of multiple hyperconnections. As a profession, journalism today depends on a great variety of voices and parameters of behaviour that are often very different from those that have traditionally defined the profession (fake news, influencers, etc.); at the same time, journalism is ready and waiting for the opportunities that technological innovation can offer when it comes to connecting with audiences and their needs. All this has an influence and can interfere with the attitudes and commitment that journalists show every day as they confront the world through the decisive processes of topic selection, mediation, etc. Promoting a critical review of these main key questions has been the main objective of this international annual meeting organised by the Spanish Journalism Association, in charge from its beginning of studying and supporting journalism profession, its evolution and values.","Kazetaritza hiperkonektatuaren aukerak eta arriskuak izenburupean SEP-en XXV. Nazioarteko Biltzarrak (Bilbo, Bizkaia Aretoa, 2019ko maiatzaren 30ean eta 31n) foro espezializatu eta erreferentziazkoa izatea nahi izan du jardunean gabiltzan profesional, ikertzaile eta prestatzaileok kazetaritza hobetzeko aukeren inguruan ditugun aditu ikuspegiak bateratzeko, Izan ere, kazetaritza lanbidea askotariko hiperkonexioen testuinguru disruptibo batean gauzatu, analizatu eta irakatsi behar da. Badira kazetaritzan eragina duten hainbat ahots eta portaera parametro, sarritan zerikusirik ez dutenak tradizioz lanbidea definitu izan dutenekin (fake news, influencers delakoak); era berean, negozio eremu gisa, kazetaritza oso erne eta itxaroten dago berrikuntza teknologikoak audientziarekin eta haren beharrekin konektatzeko aukerak. Horrek guztiak eragina du eta arriskuan jar ditzake kazetariek eguneroko errealitatearen aurrean dituzten jarrerak eta konpromisoa, gaiak aukeratu, bitartekaritza egin, eta beste hainbat prozesu erabakigarriren bidez. Gako hauen inguruan berrikuspen kritikoa sustatzea izan da Espainiako Kazetaritza Elkarteak aurten antolatu duen topaketaren helburu nagusia, kontuan hartuta sortu zenenetik SEP kazetaritza."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47010,2020-10-19,"The design of internal combustion engines is a multidisciplinary activity based on theoretical foundations and experience in design groups. This work will try to follow a procedure for the development of this design and its subsequent validity check of the design according to the requests to which it is submitted.
The procedure followed is divided into several developments. First, we will try to find a geometric model of a well-defined internal combustion engine to model it with Solid Edge software. The kinematic and dynamic analysis of the model must be considered, and then, the stress analyzes that proceed using the Ansys Workbench software will be executed. For this, it is essential to have previously obtained the loads, their value and how to apply them to the mechanism.
Once the analyzes are finished, we will see if they are acceptable, and if they are not, a redesign of the motor mechanism should be carried out taking into account these results. These are dynamic and structural analyzes, both equally relevant, with dynamic being a way of knowing precisely the loads to which each of the parts of the engine mechanism (crankshaft, connecting rod, bolt, piston) are subjected, and the structural the one that evaluates these loads, according to the geometry and the material of the piece, obtaining values ​​of stress and deformation at each point of each piece. If these two values ​​are considered acceptable according to the convenient criteria, the design will be satisfactory.
(English)","Barneko errekuntzako motorren diseinua diziplina anitzeko jarduera da oinarri teorikoetan eta diseinu taldeetan eskarmentuan oinarrituta. Lan hau diseinu hau garatzeko prozedura jarraitu eta diseinuaren ondorengo baliozkotasuna egiaztatzeko prozedura jarraitu nahi da.
Jarraitutako prozedura hainbat garapenetan banatzen da. Lehenik eta behin, barne-errekuntzako motorearen diseinu geometrikoa bilatzen saiatuko da Solid Edge softwarearekin modelizatzeko. Analisi zinematikoa eta dinamikoa aintzat hartu behar dira eta, ondoren, Ansys Workbench softwarea erabiliz aurrera egiten diren estres analisiak gauzatuko dira. Horretarako ezinbestekoa da aurretik kargak lortzea, haien balioa eta nola aplikatu mekanismoan.
Analisiak bukatuta, onargarriak diren ikusiko dugu, eta hala ez badira, motor mekanismoaren birmoldaketa bat egin beharko litzateke emaitza horiek kontuan hartuta. Analisi dinamikoak eta estrukturalak dira, biak ere garrantzitsuak, eta motorearen mekanismoaren atal bakoitzaren esfortzuak (biradera, konexio-hagaxka, boltsoa, ​​pistoa) zehatz ezagutzeko modu dinamikoa da. Karga hauek ebaluatzen dituenak, analisi estrukturalak, piezaren geometriaren eta materialaren arabera, estresaren eta deformazioaren balioak lortu ditzake pieza bakoitzeko puntu bakoitzean. Bi balio onargarriak badira, erabilitako irizpide egokien arabera kontutan hartuta, diseinua egokia izango da.
(Euskera)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25027,2006,"In the last years the number of people thinking that firearms are a good resource to face violent crime has increased. Even if possessing a firearm could produce a feeling of security, it has some undesirable collateral effects and consequences. Innovation in new policies regarding to security is necessary to face violence and feelings of insecurity caused by the new forms of crime.","Azken urte hauetan, kriminalitate biolentoari aurre egiteko armak erabiltzea era bakarra dela deritzoten pertsonen kopurua hazi egin da. Nahiz eta arma bat edukitzeak segurtasun sensatzioa sortu, ondorio asko egon daitezke eta emaitzak latzak izan. Kriminalitate forma berriek sortu dituzten biolentzia eta segurtasun ezaren sentimenduei aurre egiteko beharrezkoa da segurtasun arloko politika berriak jorratzea"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/42086,2020-03-10,"The ethnic and cultural diversity is the characteristic of the current society and education system. That brings to offer the adequate answer in favour of the interculturality, but there are still great lacks in front of that challenge. In this work, we have focused on the culture shock that immigrating students might live during the adaptation to a new culture, as well as the contribution that Yoga does in those cases. Having used the origin of Yoga as the instrument to work the Intercultural Competence, we have gone ahead with the programming of three weeks that goes following the Physical Education and carrying out with Irish students, which contains Yoga, Mindfulness exercises and world- and cooperative-games, as many activities associated to the culture of India and its original inhabitants (the Adivasi). This way, this interdisciplinary project has the goal of enriching the students with the contribution that native people, and especially, the Adivasi, has done in society, as well as building a psychological bridge between them.","Aniztasun etniko eta kulturala egungo gizartearen eta hezkuntza sistemaren ezaugarria da. Horrek kulturartekotasunaren aldeko erantzun egokia eskaintzea dakar, baina oraindik gabezia handiak daude erronka horren aurrean.  Lan honetan, ikasle etorkinek kultura berri bati egokitzeko prozesuan bizi dezaketen talka kulturalaren fenomenoa eta Yogak kasu hauetan egiten duen kontribuzioa izan ditugu ardatz. Yogaren jatorria Kulturartekotasunerako Konpetentzia lantzeko tresna gisa erabili dugularik, Gorputz Hezkuntzaren ildotik doan hiru astetako programazioa aurrera eraman dugu ume irlandarrekin, zeinak Yoga, Mindfulness ariketak eta joko-jolas kooperatibo eta mundu-jolasak bildu dituen, baita Indiako kulturarekin eta bere jatorrizko biztanleekin (Adivasiak) loturiko hainbat jarduera ere. Modu honetan, diziplinarteko proiektu honen bitartez, Herri Indigenen bizimodua, eta bereziki, Adivasiena, egindako kontribuzioa ikasleentzako aberasgarria izatea eta bi kulturen arteko zubi psikologikoa eraiki da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63070,2023-06-07,"The importance of the representative principle in the functioning of Western democracies
makes it necessary to focus on issues such as the party system, the functioning of the current
electoral system and the forms of direct participation with the aim of elucidating whether the
Spanish representative system effectively fulfills the function of give the people a material
influence in the decisions of the public matter or if, on the contrary, the continent of national
sovereignty is left aside in the scope of those decisions in pursuit of partisan interests.","Ordezkaritza-printzipioak Mendebaldeko demokrazien funtzionamenduan dakarren
garrantziak alderdi-sistema, egungo hauteskunde-sistemaren funtzionamendua eta zuzeneko
parte-hartze moldeetan sakontzea beharrezkoa da Espainiako ordezkaritza-sistemak
eraginkortasunez herriak res-publika-ren erabakietan eragin materiala emateko funtzioa
betetzen duen argitzeko edo, aitzitik, nazio-subiranotasunaren kontinentea bereizten bada
aipatutako erabakien esparruan, interes alderdikoien bila."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20320,2017-01-12,"This project consists in a tecnoeconomic and environmental analysis of the 2,5-DMF production. This process consists of two main parts. The objective of the first part is the production of 5-HMF, which is the compound to produce the DMF. The second part consists in obtaining 2,5-DMF from 5-HMF obtained above. To perform this process it is necessary design several equipment; two reactors, a mixer and two separators are designed. In the HMF production, they take part a CSTR reactor and a flash separator are designed. On the other hand, in the production of DMF, they take part a mixer, a PFR reactor and a separator. After performing a simulation with the Aspen Plus chemical process simulator it is designed the different equipment and it is also developed the different analysis.","Proiektu hau, 2,5-DMFaren produkziorako prozesu baten, analisi teknoekonomiko eta anbiental bat egitean datza. Prozesu hau bi zati ezberdinetan bereizten da. Lehenengo zatiaren helburua 5-HMFaren produkzioa da. Elementu hau DMFaren produkziorako konposatua da. Bigarren zatian, 5-HMFtik abiatuta, 2,5-DMFa lortzen da. Prozesu hau egiteko bi erreaktore, nahasgailu bat eta bi bereizgailu dituen instalazio bat diseinatzen da. HMFaren produkziorako, CSTR erreaktore bat eta flash bereizgailu bat erabiltzen dira. Bestalde, DMFaren produkzioan, nahasgailu bat, PFR erreaktore bat eta bereizgailu bat erabiltzen dira. Programa informatiko baten, Aspen Plus, kimikako prozesu baten simulazioa egin ostean, emaitzetatik abiatuz, aurretik aipatutako analisiak egiten dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25557,1996,"After a brief presentation on Penal Law and the penalty of deprivation of liberty in Europe, reparative justice principles are explained, focusing on mediation between the offender and the victim, in juvenile justice system, as a way of conflict solution,","Europan Zuzenbide penala eta pena askatasun-gabetzaileari buruzko azalpen labur bat egin ondoren, justizi konpontzailearen oinarriak adierazten dira, gazte-sisteman delitugile eta biktimaren arteko bitartekotzan erdiratuz, arazoa konpontzeko bide modura."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26816,1995,"Human right concept, its application and respect relating to refugees are analyzed, studing this expression in the individual-State relation. Likewise, it is underlinet the necessity of change the law foundation, and some general principles that should form the juridical order are presented.","Giza eskubideak hitza eta bai bere aplikazio eta zeresana, errefuxiatu dagokionean, aztertzen dira, kontzeptu hau norbanako-Estatu erlazioan ikertuz. Honetaz gain Zuzenbidearen oinarria bera aldatzeko beharra nabarmentzen da, eta arau orokor batzuk, arauketa juridikoa konposatu behar dutenak, aurkeztu egiten dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55053,2022-01-18,"Through this study we have analysed whether Children's Literature materials in classroom libraries transmit coeducational values or whether, on the contrary, they reflect stereotypes of women and men and sexism. For the analysis, on the one hand, we created a questionnaire for the teachers of the second cycle of Early Childhood Education in two centres, to find out if they give importance to education in coeducational values and if they consider that Children's Literature is a useful tool to guide this topic. On the other hand, the most appreciated albums and stories for children and teachers have been analysed. In this work we have come to the conclusion that in the materials dedicated to children there are teachers with a clear intention of avoiding gender stereotypes, but there are also teachers who offer children materials that reproduce gender stereotypes and roles. For this reason, educational agents and families are asked to be attentive to what the texts and images in the books convey.","GrAL honen bitartez aztertu da gela-liburutegietan dauden Haur Literaturaren materialek Hezkidetza baloreak helarazten dituzten, edo kontrara, emakume eta gizonen estereotipoak eta sexismoa islatzen dituzten. Azterketarako, batetik, bi ikastetxetako Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko irakasleentzat galdetegi bat sortu genuen, jakin nahian Hezkidetza baloreetan hezteari garrantzia ematen ote dioten, eta euren iritziz, Haur Literatura gai hau bideratzeko erreminta baliagarria den. Bestetik, umeentzat eta irakasleentzat estimatuenak diren albumak eta ipuinak aztertu dira. Lan honetan ondorioztatu dugu umeei eskainitako materialetan genero estereotipoak alboratzeko asmo argia duten irakasleak egon badaudela, baina umeen eskuetara estereotipoak eta genero rolak erreproduzitzen dituzten materialak eskaintzen dituzten irakasleak ere bai. Hori dela eta, hezkuntza-eragileei eta familiei haurrentzako liburuen testuek zein irudiek transmititzen dutenari adi egotea eskatzen zaie."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19859,2016-12-14,"This work is based on the collection of rainwater for it`s further use at a neighbourhood located in San Ignacio, Bilbao, destinated to cleaning the streets and gardens of the neighbourhood.","Lan hau, Bilboko San Inazio auzoko auzo-batzar batetan euritik eratorritako uraren erabileran oinarrituta dago, ura birziklatu eta auzoko kaleak garbitzeko edota lorategiak ureztatzeko erabiliko deiarik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25788,2018-03-20,"Multiple organizations, both public and private, publish Open Data daily, increasing the number of them who chose doing it through Linked Data. This new method aims to interconnect, reuse and integrate information to create a large interconnected and distributed databases that can be consumed by both people and machines.
In this context, this Final Degree Project (FDP) arises during the implementation of educational cooperation practices in the company Eurohelp Consulting, to which a client, Open Data Euskadi, requested the improvement of the media in which they publish the information they own. As a solution to this request, the creation of public data representations published by Open Data Euskadi in RDF was proposed. The RDF generated will later become Linked Data through the creation of links between these with the existing information on the web. The design of this solution gave rise to this TFG developed during the educational cooperation practices.
To do this, we started with defined datasets in the Open Data Euskadi portal regarding air quality, contract registers, meteorological stations and nominal remuneration of senior government officials. From them, as a result of the TFG, RDF of interconnected quality was obtained, as far as possible, with related data. It was also possible to represent the information generated in different ways that facilitated the user's understanding, consumption, exploitation and manipulation.
Regarding the methodological aspects, Grafter was used for the generation of RDF, SHACL for the validation of the information created and Silk for the discovery of links. For the graphical visualization, the D3.js library was used for the creation of graphs in the form of dynamic graphs.","Egunero hainbat erakunde publikok zehin pribatuk Datu Irekiak argitaratzen dituzte, horietariko erakunde askok argitalpena Datu Estekatuen bitartez egitea aukeratzen dutelarik. Metodo berri honek informazioaren interkonexioa, berrerabilpena eta integrazioa sustatzea ditu helburu, edozein pertsonek zein makinek erabili dezakeen datu base handi, interkonektatu eta hedatu bat sortzeko xedearekin. 
Testuinguru honetan, Gradu Amaierako Lan (GrAL) hau Eurohelp Consulting enpresan egindako hezkuntzarako lankidetza praktika batzuetan azaltzen da. Enpresa honi bezero batek, Open Data Euskadik, alegia, informazioa argitzen dueneko euskarrien hobekuntza burutzeko eskaera egin zion. Eskaera honi erantzunez, enpresak Open Data Euskadik argitaraturiko datuentzako RDF formatuan oinarritutako adierazpena proposatu zuen, ondoren RDF adierazpenak Interneten dagoen informazioarekin lotu eta Datu Estekatu bilakatuko direlarik. Soluzio honen diseinuak hezkuntzarako lankidetza praktiketan garatutako GrAL honi bidea eman zion. 
Horretarako, airearen kalitateari, kontratuen erregistroei, eguraldi behatokiei eta ordainketa izendunei dagozkion datuetatik abiatu zen lana. GrAL-aren emaitza bezela, kalitatezko RDF interkonektatua lortu da. Horrez gain, erabiltzaleari datuen ulermena, kontsumoa, ustiapena eta erabilera errazten dizkioten informazioa adierazteko modu ezberdinak lortu dira. 
Alderdi metodologikoei dagokienez, Grafter RDF-aren sorkuntzarako, SHACL sortutako informazioaren baliozkotzerako, Sillk esteken aurkikuntzarako eta D3.js liburutegia informazioaren grafo dinamikoak bistaratzeko erabili ziren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17683,2016-03-16,"Our investigation project analyze the different traditional games its practice in a 3-year-old classroom and they have in their own motions. To complete the analysis, we have separated the investigation into 3 stages: firstly, it was explained to the children, through cards and images, what traditional games are; secondly, they had the chance to play some of these games from the five Continents; and, finally, they painted what they had felt while they were
playing those games. Therefore in this research we analyze the inner logic of these traditional games, the space, the duration, relationships and the objects, and relate them to the pupil's drawings.","Lan hau 3 urteko umeen gelan egindako ikerketa bat da, bertan, jolas tradizionalak praktikan jarriko dira eta hauek umeen emozioetan duten eragina aztertuko da. Horretarako ikerketa hau 3 fase desberdinetan planteatu dugu: lehenengo pausua, jolas tradizionalak irudien bidez zer diren azaltzea izan da; ondoren, kontinente desberdinetako jolas tradizional batzuk burutu egin ditugu; eta,  jarraian, umeak sentitu dutena marrazki batean adierazi dute. Praktikatutako jardueren barne logika aztertu dugu, espazio, denbora, harremanak eta objektuak eta umeek marraztutako marrazkiekin erlazionatu ditugu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19877,2016-12-16,"Technology has become a vital factor in a society that looks for a continuous
improvement. Technological development is really important in all areas, becoming
essential when we talk about medicine.
Focusing in a branch of mechanics, robotics has been use in a huge number of
moments in the field of health, having special interest in the therapy of rehabilitation.
Rigid robots used for the assistance of people that have lack of flexibility, can provoke
a physic hurt if the control of the movement of the robot is lost. This disadvantage is
emphasized depending on the part of the body that is going to be rehabilitated, being
particularly dangerous in areas in contact with the spine.
The main aim of this Final Project is to measure the movement of a head on which a
flexible robot makes some forces. The application of these forces is done on a crown
that we design and manufacture in the laboratory and it allows us, through a software,
to identify some reference points to determine the spatial position of the head at
different times.","Etengabeko hobekuntza bilatzen duen gizartearen ezinbesteko oinarria bihurtu da
teknologia. Garapen teknologikoa oso garrantzi handia du hainbat eremutan, batez ere medikuntzan.
Mekanikaren adar espezifiko batean arreta berezia jarriz, robotika hain zuzen, osasun
arloan oso erabilia dela esan beharra dago, batez ere, errehabilitazio terapietan.
Pertsonen laguntza medikoan erabilitako robot zurrunek malgutasun falta aurkeztu ohi
dute eta mugimenduen kontrola galduz gero, min fisikoak eragin dezakete gaixoetan.
Tratamendua jasaten ari den gorputzaren atalaren arabera areagotzen da eragozpen
hori, bizkarrezurretik gertu dauden atalak arrisku handia dutelarik.
Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia, robot malgu batek giza buruan eragiten
dituen indarren mugimendua neurtzean datza. Indar horiek laborategian diseinatutako
eta egindako koro batean ezartzen dira eta programazio software baten bidez,
erreferentzia puntuak ezagutuz, buruak denbora ezberdinetan dituen posizioak
mugatzea zein lepoaren hobekuntzak ezagutzea ahalbidetzen digu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53941,2021-11-22,"English: The Robotnik SUMMIT autonomous terrestrial robot is managed by a controller board created by the same manufacturer. This one is connected to an out-dated PC which has been replaced by a computer with better features. This has concluded in the use of new hardware and software for the control of the motors. For a better sensorization system, the PTZ camera integrated on the robot, has been replaced by the rpLidar sensor which is capable to build a map system. In this memory, it is presented a new solution created from the previous modifications.","Euskera: Robotnik-ek sortutako SUMMIT lurreko robot autonomoa fabrikatzaile berdineko plaka kontroladore baten bidez gobernatzen da. Plaka hau zaharkituriko prozesagailu batera konektaturik dago. Ordenagailu hori, ezaugarri hobedun beste batekin ordezkatu da. Ordezkapen honek, motoreen kontrolerako hardware eta software berriak erabiltzea eragin du. Sentsorizazioa hobetzeko asmoz, errobotaren PTZ kamera rpLidar sentsore batez ordeztu da, zeinekin mapeo sistema bat era daitekeen. Memoria honetan, modifikazio hauekin sortutako soluzio berria aurkezten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54064,2021-11-24,"The main objective of this End-of-Degree Project, is to analyze the legal-environmental challenges posed by intensive pig farming and the phenomenon of macro-farms. For this purpose, it is essential to analyze their origin and environmental impacts, as well as the capacity of legal instruments contained in the current regulations to intervene in this type of farms and, for this purpose, we will pay special attention to the situation of Castilla y León and the province of Segovia.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu nagusia txerrien abeltzaintza intentsiboak eta makrogranjen fenomenoak planteatzen dituzten erronka juridiko-ingurumenekoak aztertzea da. Horretarako, ezinbestekoa da haren jatorria eta ingurumen-inpaktuak aztertzea, bai eta egungo araudiak mota horretako ustiategietan esku hartzeko dituen tresna juridikoak ere, eta, horretarako, arreta berezia eskainiko diogu Gaztela eta Leongo eta Segoviako egoerari."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20996,2012,"Nowadays, restorative justice is a model of justice that includes the requirements of the humanity 
paradigm  in  the  best  way  possible.  This  paradigm  requieres  that  justice  for  a  given  case  should  attempt  to  
satisfy the needs of all human beings, victims or offenders, involved in any proceedings before the courts.","Gaur  egun  bizi  dugun  momentu  historikoan,  gizateriaren  paradigmaren  eskakizunak  hoberen  
jasotzen dituen eredua konponbiderako justizia da; izan ere, honako hau da gizateriaren paradigmak eskatzen 
duena: kasu zehatzaren justiziak ahal den neurrian ase ditzala epaileen edo epaimahaien aurrean sustatu den 
prozesuan biktima zein arau-hausle gisa parte hartuko duten gizakien beharrak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19322,2016-10-17,"The sizing of a sustainable hybrid electric power plant is analyzed. It has two subsystems: one wind turbine, which produce all the power, and Hydrogen storage system. They supply a predetermined quantity of energy constantly to a factory. For this purpose, Excel sheets-based software is developed, this one makes in easy and intuitive way all the calculations for this system or another one with similar features. For this process great amounts of information about renewable energy and fuel cells are compiled.","Analisi honek jasangarria den sistema elektriko hibrido baten produkzioaren dimentsioa aztertuko du. Bi azpi sistematan egituraturik dago: haize-sorgailu bat, non energia guztia emango den, eta Hidrogenoa biltzen duen sistema bat. Biek, era jarraian, energia kantitate bat hornituko diote fabrika bati. Excel orrien bitartez, software bat garatuko da sistema honen edota antzerako baten kalkulu guztiak egingo dituenak era konplexu eta intuitibo batean. Prosezu hau burutu al izateko fuel cell-ari loturik daudena energia jasangarriaren eta teknologiaren inguruko hainbat informazio bilduko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37086,2019-12-19,"The main goal of this project is to develop a graphical interface that enable us to make calculations of synchronous motors, motor torque graphic and Mordey’s V graphic. In order to develop it, we will use GUIDE, a tool provided by MATLAB to create graphical interfaces. Apart from the application, we will also make the state-of-the-art of the synchronous motors. (INGLÉS)","Lan honen helburu nagusia motor sinkronoen, par- kurbaren eta Mordeyren V-kurbaren kalkulua egin ahal izateko interfaze grafikoa garatzea da. Interfazearen garapena burutzeko GUIDE erabiliko dugu, MATLABek eskaintzen digun erreminta interfaze grafikoak egiteko. Aplikazioaz gain, motor sinkronoen egungo egoeraren azterketa egingo da. (EUSKERA)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53194,2021-06-21,"The main purpose of the current rehearsal is to analyse CIP and CIF clauses from the last Incoterms version. International Commerce Terms are kind of some standard term and conditions offered to ease the negotiations of international sales of goods. In fact, these clauses are the most particular ones, because they compel the seller to hire a carriage insurance in order to benefit the buyer and protect the goods from possible damages or losses. As a matter of fact, most of the studied practical problems are caused during the carriage’s course, problems from the insurance subrogation against the carrier, to the possible consequences of the delay in the delivery of goods.","Lan honen helburua Incoterm arauen azken bertsioko CIP eta CIF aukerak aztertzea da. Incoterm izeneko arau huek, nazioarteko merkantzia salerosketan ematen diren nazioz gaindiko baldintza orokorrak dira, izaera esku-emailekoak. Aukera hauen arabera, merkantzien saltzaileak eroslearen mesederako, garraio aseguru bat kontratatzera behartuta dago, merkantzia hauek galdu ala kaltetzen diren kasuetatik babesteko. Hain zuzen ere, praktikan gertaturiko arazo gehienak, garraio honetan izaten dira, aseguratzaileak garraiolariaren kontrako duen subrogaziotik, epez kanpoko merkantzien entregaren ondorioetaraino."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68335,2024-02-23,"Partial differential equations have a wide range of applications in modeling multiple physical, biological, orsocial phenomena. Therefore, we need to approximate the solutions of these equations in computationally feasible terms. Nowadays, among the most popular numerical methods for solving partial differential equations in engineering,we encounter the finite difference and the finite element methods. An alternative numerical method that has recentlygained popularity for numerically solving partial differential equations is the use of artificial neural networks.Artificial neural networks, or neural networks for short, are mathematical structures with universal approximationproperties. In addition, thanks to the extraordinary computational development of the last decade, neural networks havebecome accessible and powerful numerical methods for engineers and researchers. For example, imaging andlanguage processing are applications of neural networks today that show sublime performance inconceivable yearsago.This dissertation contributes to the numerical solution of partial differential equations using neural networks with thefollowing two-fold objective: investigate the behavior of neural networks as approximators of solutions of partialdifferential equations and propose neural-network-based methods for frameworks that are hardly addressable via traditional numerical methods.As novel neural-network-based proposals, we first present a method inspired by the finite element method when applying mesh refinements to solve parametric problems. Secondly, we propose a general residual minimization scheme based on a generalized version of the Ritz method. Finally, we develop a memory-based strategy to overcome a usual numerical integration limitation when using neural networks to solve partial differential equations.","Deribatu partzialetako ekuazioak aplikazio ugari dituzte fenomeno fisiko, biologiko edo sozial anitzen modelizazioan. Horregatik, funtsezkoa da ekuazio horien soluzioen hurbilpenak konputazionalki egingarriak diren terminoetan adieraztea. Gaur egun, ingeniaritzan, deribatu partzialetako ekuazioak ebazteko zenbakizko metodo ezagunenen artean daude diferentzia finituen eta elementu finituen metodoak. Duela gutxi, deribatu partzialetako ekuazioak ebazteko ospea hartu duen zenbakizko metodo bat neurona-sare artifizialen erabilpena da.Neurona-sare artifizialak edo, laburtzearren, neurona-sareak hurbilketa-propietate unibertsalak dituzten egitura matematikoak dira. Gainera, azken hamarkadako garapen konputazional apartari esker, ingeniarientzako etaikertzaileentzako zenbakizko metodo eskuragarri eta indartsu bihurtu dira. Adibidez, irudien eta hizkuntzen prozesamendua neurona-sare artifizialen gaur egungo aplikazioak dira, eta duela urte batzuk pentsaezina zenerrendimendu bikaina erakusten dute.Tesi honetan neurona-sare artifizialen bidezko deribatu partzialetako ekuazioen zenbakizko ebazpena aztertuko dugu,honako helburu bikoitzarekin: alde batetik, neurona-sareen portaera ikertzea deribatu partzialetako ekuazioen soluzioenhurbiltzaile gisa, eta bestetik, neurona-sareetan oinarritutako metodoak proposatzea, ohiko zenbakizko metodoen bideznekez ekin dakiekeen lan-esparruetarako.Neurona-sareetan oinarritutako proposamen berritzaile gisa, lehenik eta behin, elementu finituen metodoaren funtzionamenduan oinarritutako metodo bat aurkeztuko dugu, problema parametrikoak ebazteko diskretizazioanfintzeak aplikatzen direnean. Bigarrenik, hondarren minimizazio eskema orokor bat proposatuko dugu, Ritz-en metodoaren bertsio hedatu batean oinarritua. Azkenik, memorian oinarritutako zenbakizko integrazio teknika baterakutsiko dugu. Teknika horren helburua da deribatu partzialetako ekuazioak ebazteko neurona-sareak erabiltzendirenean agertzen den ohiko muga gainditzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25555,1996,"After an explanation about the juridical framework of competences in the matter of minors the action principles of the Social Services Department of the County Council in Guipúzcoa are presented. With the aim of continueing to progress to a better and more ffective attention to disadvantaged childhood, some proposals, as a way of reflection, about prevention, education, legislative development, intervention programmes and attention to childhood are stated.","Adingabeko gaian gaitasunezko marko juridikoa adierazi ondoren, Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundiaren Gizartekintza-ren arintzeko inarriak azaltzen dira. Eta, haurtzaro baztertuarin laguntza hobeago eta eraginkorrago bateruntz aurreratzen jarraitzeko, zenbait proposamen egiten da, gogeta modura, prebentzio, hezkuntza, legegintza-garapen, esku-hartzeko egitarauak eta haurtzaroari laguntza gaietan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19364,2016-10-25,"The Sabatier process may become an ubiquitous process for the production of a renewable substitute to natural gas, from biomass or from any CO2 source coupled with renewable hydrogen. However, research is needed to increase the energetic and economic efficiency of the process. In the current work, we demonstrate the enhancement of CO2 methanation by sorption enhanced catalysis. The sorption enhanced methanation was demonstrated at atmospheric pressure with commercial Nickel based catalyst and activated carbon adsorbent impregnated with CaCl2 between 250 and 350 °C reaching close to 100% conversion. The preparation and the sorption capacity of this adsorbent and the best reaction conditions are reported.","Sabatier prozesua metano edo gas natural berriztagarriaren ekoizpenerako prozesu industriala da, biomasatik zein CO2-aren beste edozein iturritatik abiatuz eta hau hidrogeno berriztagarriarekin elkartuz metanoa ekoizteko gai dena. Hala ere, egun, ikerketek prozesu honen optimizazioa aztertzen dute, ekonomikoki errentagarriagoa eta energetikoki efizienteagoa den prozesu bat lortzeko asmoz. Lan honen bidez, frogatu da adsortzio bidez hobetutako erreakzioen (SER) erabilerak CO2-aren metanazio prozesu katalitikoa hobetzen duela. Hala, adsortzio bidez hobetutako metanazioa presio atmosferikoan, 250-350 °C tenperaturan, nikelean oinarritutako katalizatzaile batekin eta adsorbatzaile gisa CaCl2-rekin inpregnatutako pirolisi bidez lortutako kokea erabilita frogatu da. Adsorbatzailearen prestaketa eta adsortzio gaitasuna ere aztertu dira, erreakzio honetarako baldintzarik egokienekin batera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63003,2023-06-26,"This thesis aims to examine the implementation of environmental taxes on automobiles in Spain as
a strategic approach to foster sustainable transportation and mitigate environmental pollution. The
primary objective is to analyze the execution of these taxes and evaluate their conformity with the
""polluter pays” principle and the objectives delineated in the 2030 Agenda. Furthermore, this study
explores the tax measures enacted by other states, conducting a comparative analysis to identify
commendable practices and valuable insights in this realm, thereby enhancing the contextual
framework of the research. Ultimately, the study endeavors to propose immediate and long-term tax
measures that align with the principle of ""polluter pays."" These measures aim to stimulate the
adoption of more sustainable practices within the automotive sector and contribute to the realization
of environmental targets at both state and international levels.","Ikerketa lan honen helburua Espainian ibilgailuen gaineko ingurumen zergen ezarpena aztertzea da,
garraio iraunkorra sustatzeko eta ingurumen kutsadura murrizteko estrategia den heinean. Zerga
horien aplikazioa zehatz-mehatz aztertu nahi da, 2030 Agendak ezarritako helburuekiko eta
""kutsatzen duenak ordaintzen du"" printzipioarekiko koherentzia ebaluatuz. Gainera, azterlan hau
beste herrialde batzuek hartutako zerga-neurrietan murgiltzen da, Espainiako politikekin alderatuz.
Azterketa konparatibo horri esker, ibilgailuen gaineko ingurumen-zergen esparruan jasotako
ikasgaiak eta jardunbide egokiak identifika daitezke, ikerketaren testuingurua aberastuz. Azkenik,
azterketak ""kutsatzen duenak ordaintzen du"" printzipioarekin bat datozen epe labur eta luzeko
zerga-neurriak proposatzean ditu. Neurri horiek arau-esparru sendo batean oinarritzen dira, eta
honako helburu hauek dituzte: batetik automobilgintzaren sektorean jardunbide iraunkorragoak
sustatzea, eta, bestetik estatuan zein nazioartean ezarritako ingurumen-helburuak lortzen laguntzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75410,2025-11-05,"This work focuses on the development of a chatbot based on generative artificial intelligence, designed to answer questions related to the field of public procurement. The main objective is to provide an interactive tool capable of interpreting natural language queries and delivering accurate, context-aware answers based on current regulations and procedures. To achieve this, two different approaches were implemented and evaluated: (1) fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) using question–answer pairs extracted from FAQ documents, and (2) applying a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architecture that combines document retrieval with generative response generation.After comparing both methods, the RAG solution was selected as the most suitable one, and a functional web interface was developed specifically for this final version. The system was tested in realistic scenarios, and the results obtained help identify the advantages and limitations of each approach, as well as propose possible improvements and future lines of work.","Lan hau adimen artifizial sortzailean oinarritutako chatbot baten garapenean zentratzen da, kontratazio publikoaren arloko galderak erantzuteko diseinatua. Helburu nagusia da kontsulta horiek hizkuntza naturalean interpretatzeko eta indarrean dauden araudi eta prozeduretan oinarritutako erantzun zehatz eta testuinguratuak emateko gai den tresna interaktibo bat eskaintzea. Horretarako, bi hurbilketa ezberdin inplementatu eta ebaluatu dira: (1) hizkuntza-eredu handi (LLM) baten doikuntza fina, maiz egindako galderen (FAQ) dokumentuetatik ateratako galdera–erantzun bikoteak erabiliz, eta (2) dokumentuen berreskurapena eta erantzunen sorkuntza konbinatzen dituen RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) arkitekturaren erabilera. Bi metodoen konparaketaren ondoren, RAG soluzioa egokiena dela hautatu zen, eta azken bertsio horretarako web interfaze funtzional bat garatu zen. Sistema egoera errealetan probatu zen, eta lortutako emaitzek aukera ematen dute hurbilketa bakoitzaren abantailak eta mugak identifikatzeko, baita hobekuntza posibleak eta etorkizunerako lan-ildoak proposatzeko ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23213,2017-07,"Wind, a natural phenomenon caused by the movement of large masses of air, provokes different forces against structures that may lead to serious structural damages. In this bachelor project, wind loads on slender structures are going to be studied, more particularly, wind loads on industrial chimneys. A comparison between diverse ways of minimising those effects will be also carried out, to decide which of them is the best for each circumstance.","Haizeak, aire masa handien mugimenduak eragindako fenomeno naturalak, hainbat eratako indarrak eragiten ditu egituretan. Haizeak eragindako indar horien ondorioz, kalte izugarriak ager daitezke egituretan. Gradu Amaierako Lan (GRAL) honetan, indar horiek egitura lerdenetan dituzten efektuak aztertuko dira, bereziki tximinia industrialetan eragiten dituztenak. Efektu horiek txikiagotzeko hainbat aukeren arteko ikerketa konparatiboa egingo da ere, inguruneko baldintzen arabera aukerarik onena zein den erabakitzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25424,1999,"After some victimological considerations about the relation victim-police, minors as victims are
studied. In that way, it is also examined the possibilities that the juridical order offers referring to the
protection of minors, as crimes’ victims, in the most important stages of the penal procedure: police stage
and the preliminary investigation.","Kaltetu eta poliziaren arteko erlazioari buruz gogoeta biktimologiko batzuk egin ondoren,
adingabea kaltetu bezala aztertzen da. Ondoren gure ordenamendu juridikoak adingabea delitu baten sujetu
pasibo bezala prozesu penalaren une garrantzitsuetan: poliziaren aurrean eta izapide aldian, babesteko
eskeintzen dituen posibilitateak aztertzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20071,2017-01-03,"The Electric Engineering department of the Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao has a solar photovoltaic system in one of its laboratories for teaching and research. This final degree project involves the study and modification of the installation, which the later aim of obtaining all the parameters and facilitate their further treatment.","Bilboko ETSIko Ingenieritza elektrikoko mintegiak ikerkuntza eta ikaskuntzara bideratutako laborategi batzuetan, energia solar fotoboltaikoaren sorkuntzarako instalazio bat dauka. GAL honek instalazioaren modifikazioa eta ikerkuntza burutu du, instalazio horren parametro guztiak lortzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16502,2015-12-17,"The City Council of Mañaria would like to respond to one of the main requests of its
population consisting in the change of the location to the central transmisor in the town.
The neighbours demand that the base station be located in an area distant from the town.
To that end, the Council has requested to perform a radioelectric research in the
township in order to analyse other geographic locations and be able to relocate the central
base station without losing coverage or QoS in any of the telecommunicacion services that
it is providing. The current station gives TV coverage as well as cellular phone coverage (voice
and data).
For such research it will be necessary to analyse the town's land as Mañaria is a rural
and mountainous area. This means that it may be difficult to maintain the levels of coverage
if the transmision center is not located in a place from which the broadcast signal do not
suffer losses or degradations.","Mañariako udaletxeak herritarren eskaera bat erantzun nahi du, eskaera hori herriko
transmisio zentruaren kokapena aldatzean datza. Auzokideek leku urrunago batean
kokatzea eskatzen dute.
Eskaria erantzuteko, Udaletxeak ikasketa erradioelektrikoa herrian egitea eskatu du,
transmisio zentruari kokapen berri bat bilatzeko. Helburua estaldura eta kalitate berdina
mantentzea izango da bai telefonia eta telebista zerbitzuetarako.
Udaletxeak kokagune batzuk erraztu ditu, non elektrizitate hornikuntza eta sarbidea
duten kokapenak. Ikerketa erradioelektrikoa kokapen horietatik hasiko da baina kalitate eta
estaldura baldintzak betetzen ez badira, beste leku bat aurkitu beharko da. Proiektu honen
amaiera kokapen berri bat aurkituko da non Udaletxeak ezarritako baldintzak betetzen diren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25512,1996,"The relation between stability and evolution that characterizes the life of Law determines the distance between social regulation and social reality generating Penal Law application with clear victimization effects. This questions the penalty institution and the resocialization ideology, which tend to the integration in a society with a fair social and juridical order. However, the State response to the system imbalance also includes the reaction to individual social deviation so that the State causes its own victims.","Egonkortasun eta mugimenduaren arteko erlazioak, Zuzebidearen adierazgarri, giza-erregularizazioa eta giza-errealitatearen arteko distantzia mugatzen du, eta egoera honeko Zuzenbide penalaren aplikazioa sortzen du, biktimaziozko ondorio argiekin. Guzti honek eztabaidan jartzen du pena ezarpena, birgizartetasun ideologia, orden sozial eta juridiko bidezkoekin gizarte batean integraziora jo behar dutenak. Honekin batera, sistemaren desegonkortasunari Estatuaren erantzunak sartzen du baita ere bakoiztutako giza- desbideraketari erantzuna, Estatua biktimatzaile bihurtzen duenak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36507,2019-11-27,"Abstract: due to the problems of degradation of the wood of the current sports centre located in the municipality of Santurtzi, it has been identified the need of rebuilding the pavilion with a metal structure and thus avoid the constant interventions. It will be composed of a gabled pavilion with a width of 42 m and 11 porticos (3 gaps every 3 meters and 7 gaps every 6 meters) resulting in 51 m long with a maximum height of 13 metres. In addition, there will be 2 lifts on the outside for accessing the top of the stands, making a total of 2.160 m2 of constructed area. The access of the spectators will be done through 2 entrances located on the side of the elevators, and for the players, on the opposite side of the pavilion.  It consists on a free gym for members, changing rooms, toilets, two grandstands and a multi-sports court for the practice of different sports such as indoor football, basketball or handball.","Laburpena: Santurtziko udalerriko kirol aretoan dagoen egurraren degradazio arazoak direla-eta, pabilioia metal egitura batekin berreraikitzeko beharra sortu da eta etengabeko esku-hartzeak saihestu behar dira. Hiru portiko (42 zulo eta 3 metro bakoitzeko 6 zulo) osatzen duten 42 metroko teilatua izango du, 51 metroko luzera eta 13 metroko altuerarekin.  Gainera, kanpoaldean bi igogailu egongo dira goiko harmailetara sartzeko, guztira 2.160 m2-ko azalera eginez.  Ikusleen sarbidea igogailuen alboan kokatutako 2 sarreraren bitartez egingo da eta jokalarientzako, pabilioiaren kontrako aldean egingo da.  Bazkideentzako, dohainik diren gimnasioa, aldagelak, komunak, bi harmaila eta kirol anitzeko auzitegiak osatzen dute gimnasia (indoor-kirolak, saskibaloi edo eskubaloia) gisa praktikatzeko instalazioak edukiko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75391,2025-11-05,"In this work, one of the most promising technologies for transforming transportation and urban logistics is studied: delivery by autonomous drones. While drone use began in military environments, their adoption in the civilian sector has significantly accelerated in recent years thanks to the development of new regulations, improvements in navigation systems, and the emergence of concrete commercial applications—especially in goods delivery. One of the main limitations for their large-scale deployment is the reduced autonomy of these devices, which makes charging infrastructure a critical factor.
The research presented focuses on designing a network of charging stations capable of maximizing demand coverage in a real urban setting, considering both fixed and mobile stations. To this end, a mathematical model is proposed based on mixed-integer programming and two-stage stochastic optimization. This formulation captures demand uncertainty through multiple scenarios and allows the placement of mobile stations to be adapted based on the specific needs of each configuration.
The study is applied to the case of San Francisco County (California), using real data from the U.S. Census Bureau and official geospatial mapping sources. Based on this information, a network of nodes and connections is built to represent the drone operating environment. Various demand scenarios are developed, and the model is solved using Gurobi software in combination with Python. In addition to the theoretical formulation, graphical representations and maps are included to illustrate the optimal placement of stations under different strategies.
By comparing a fully fixed network, a fully mobile one, and a hybrid solution, the results show that the tactical flexibility of mobile stations significantly improves coverage, without requiring the complete replacement of fixed infrastructure. In this way, the proposed model makes it possible to strike a balance between operational efficiency, cost, and adaptability. This work not only provides a useful tool for designing drone charging networks but also lays the groundwork for future expansion to other cities or the incorporation of additional constraints such as budget limits, service time requirements, or integration with other urban mobility technologies.","Lan honetan hiri-garraioa eta -logistika eraldatzeko teknologiarik oparoenetako bat aztertzen da: drone autonomoen bidezko banaketa. Droneen erabilera ingurune militarretan hasi bazen ere, azken urteotan nabarmen bizkortu da eremu zibilean sartzea araudi berrien garapenari, nabigazio-sistemen hobekuntzari eta merkataritza-aplikazio zehatzen agerpenari esker, bereziki salgaien banaketari dagokionez. Eskala handian hedatzeko muga nagusietako bat gailu horien autonomia murriztua da, eta horrek funtsezko faktore bihurtzen du kargatzeko azpiegitura.
Aurkeztutako ikerketa hiri-ingurune erreal batean eskariaren estaldura maximizatzeko gai den karga-estazioen sare baten diseinuan oinarritzen da, estazio finkoak zein mugikorrak kontuan hartuta. Horretarako, programazio oso mistoan eta bi etapatako optimizazio estokastikoan oinarritutako eredu matematiko bat proposatzen da. Formulazio horrek aukera ematen du eskariaren ziurgabetasuna hainbat agertokiren bidez atzemateko, eta estazio mugikorren kokapena konfigurazio bakoitzaren behar espezifikoen arabera egokitzeko.
Azterlana Kaliforniako San Frantzisko konderriaren kasuan aplikatzen da, U.S. Census Bureau delakotik datozen datu errealak eta kartgrafia ofiziala erabiliz formatu geoespazialean. Informazio horretatik abiatuta, dronen ingurune operatiboa irudikatzen duen nodo- eta konexio-sare bat eraikitzen da. Eskari-agertoki desberdinak garatzen dira, eta Gurobi softwarea eta Python softwarea erabiliz ebazten da eredua. Formulazio teorikoaz gain, adierazpen grafikoak eta mapak sartzen dira, estazioen kokapen optimoa hainbat irizpideren arabera erakusten dutenak.
Sare erabat finko bat, sare erabat mugikor bat eta soluzio hibrido bat alderatuz, estazio mugikorren malgutasun taktikoak estaldura nabarmen hobetzen duela frogatzen da, azpiegitura finkoa erabat ordezkatu beharrik gabe. Horrela, proposatutako ereduak oreka bat aurkitzeko aukera ematen du eraginkortasun operatiboaren, kostuen eta moldagarritasunaren artean. Lan horrek, droneak kargatzeko sareak diseinatzeko tresna erabilgarria izateaz gain, etorkizunean beste hiri batzuetara hedatzeko oinarriak ezartzen ditu, bai eta murrizketa berriak sartzeko ere, hala nola aurrekontu-mugak, zerbitzu-denborak edo hiri-mugikortasuneko beste teknologia batzuekiko integrazioa."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/2716,2006,"The transformations occurring in the communications media are resulting in the emergence of new uses amongst diasporic and migratory groups. An example of this is found in satellite television, which makes the regular, domestic consumption of television from their country of origin possible for people belonging to these groups. This use creates new situations within an old phenomenon: the cultural and identity reproduction of diasporic communities through, or as the result of, different practices.
In this paper we analyse how persons of Basque origin in Latin America use Basque satellite television, as well as the relationship of the uses of this medium with other practices and with identity construction. Based on our fieldwork, we defend the thesis that while satellite television generates new situations, these can be better understood in the light of what has happened historically in the reproduction of the culture and identity of diasporic communities.","Komunuikazioaren eremuan gertatzen ari diren aldaketak bide ematen ari zaizkie medioen erabilera berriei, besteak beste migrari eta diasporetako populazioaren artean. Adibide bat dugu satelite bidezko telebistarena; izan ere medio honek aukera ematen die populazio horiei beren jatorrizko herrialdeetako emanaldiak modu ohikoan ikusteko. Erabilera hauek egoera berriak zortzen dituzte berez zaharra den gertaera batean, alegia, nortasunaren eraikuntza diasporako taldeen artean.
Artikulu honetan Latinoamerikako euskaldunen ondorengoek satelite bidezko telebista nola kontsumnitzen duten aztertzen da, bai eta kontsumo horrek bestelako praktikekin zein nortasunaren eeraikuntzarekin duen harremana. Geure landa lanean oinarrituta, honako tesiari eusten diogu: satelite bidezko telebistak egoera eta aukera berriak sortzen baditu ere, hauek hobeto ulertzen direla historian zehar diasporako taldeek nortasuna eta kultura birsortzeko burutu izan dituzten praktiken argitan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72719,2025-02-13,"The present study aims to provide a current and future perspective on the availability of potable water, emphasizing that it is a limited resource essential for life and sustainable development. Excessive consumption, unsustainable use, pollution, and global warming represent serious threats to water availability. These issues are beginning to pose as a global challenge, causing what it is known as Water Stress. It is projected that by 2050, between 1.700 and 2.400 million people in urban areas will experience water scarcity, also affecting 17% of the european population if no measures are taken.
To combat this issue of climate uncertainty, water management planning becomes fundamentally important. Recycling technologies, efficient use policies, and conservation practices are indispensable for achieving a change in mindset. Research institutions, the private sector, and civil society also play a crucial role in supporting governmental actions, promoting technological investment, and raising public awareness.
Thus, water reuse as an alternative water resource is proposed as one of the key possible solutions. In Spain, 27% of wastewater treatment plants are technologically equipped to provide advanced treatments that enable water reuse, allowing the reuse of 500 cubic hectometers of treated water in 2020. The promotion of water reuse and desalination is made possible through significant investments in infrastructure and technology by many institutions, both public and private.
To ensure a safe and reliable water resource, it is necessary to consider the established restrictions regarding water quality and uses as outlined in the various worldwide regulations and recommendations. To this end, the most significant and current regulations from different countries have been detailed, showing the development level of the available most restrictive standards, as well as certain recommendations proposed by international organizations such as the WHO or AUS-EPA.
To meet the required limits, reclaimed water stations employ various advanced technologies, resulting in a wide range of possible treatment units. It is important to note that operating costs can vary in an important way depending on the selected technology, thus the price of treated reclaimed water can fluctuate significantly.
Regarding the market, water reuse solutions are globally implemented, presenting value chains with applications ranging from agricultural irrigation to industrial and environmental uses. In Spain, agricultural reuse is most predominant in the southern and mediterranean regions, although there are also noteworthy projects involving reuse for urban or industrial purposes. Both uses will be subject of study in this document demonstrating the viability and benefits of water reuse across various sectors.","Ikerketa honen helburua edateko uraren eskuragarritasunaren gaur egungo eta etorkizuneko ikuspegia erakustea da, bizitzarako eta garapen iraunkorrerako funtsezko baliabide mugatua dela azpimarratuz. Gehiegizko kontsumoa, erabilera ez-jasangarria, kutsadura eta berotze globala mehatxu handiak dira ura edukitzeko. Arazo horiek erronka global bihurtzen ari dira, “estres hidriko” ezagunaren eraginez. Proiektatzen da 2050erako, hiri-eremuetan 1.700 eta 2.400 milioi pertsonek ur-eskasia izango dutela, eta Europako biztanleriaren % 17ri ere eragingo dioela, neurririk hartzen ez bada.
Ziurgabetasun klimatikoaren arazo horri aurre egiteko, plangintza hidrikoa funtsezkoa da. Birziklatze-teknologiak, erabilera eraginkorreko politikak eta kontserbazio-praktikak ezinbestekoak dira pentsamolde-aldaketa lortzeko. Ikerketa-erakundeek, sektore pribatuak eta gizarte zibilak ere funtsezko zeregina daukate gobernuaren ekintzak babesteko, inbertsio teknologikoa sustatzeko eta herritarrak kontzientziatzeko.
Hori dela eta, uraren berrerabilera baliabide hidriko alternatibo gisa planteatzen da, izan daitezkeen funtsezko irtenbideetako bat bezala definituz. Espainian, hondakin-uren araztegien % 27 teknologikoki prestatuta daude ura berrerabiltzea ahalbidetzen duten tratamendu aurreratuak eskaintzeko, eta horri esker, tratatutako uraren 500 hektometro kubiko berrerabili ahal izan dira 2020an. Erakunde publiko zein pribatu guztiek azpiegituretan eta teknologian egindako inbertsio esanguratsuei esker bultzatu daiteke ura berrerabiltzea eta gezatzea.
Baliabide hidriko segurua eta fidagarria ziurtatzeko, kontuan hartu behar dira uraren kalitateari buruz ezarritako murrizketak eta mundu mailako araudi eta gomendioetan jasotako erabilerak. Horretarako, eskuragarri dauden estandar murriztaileenen garapen-maila erakusten duten hainbat herrialdetako arauketa esanguratsuenak eta egungoak zehaztu dira, baita nazioarteko erakundeek proposatutako zenbait gomendio ere, hala nola OMEk edo AUS-EPAk.
Eskatutako mugak betetzeko, birsortutako uraren estazioek teknologia aurreratuak erabiltzen dituzte, eta tratamendu aukera ugari sortzen dituzte. Azpimarratu behar da ustiapen-kostuak asko alda daitezkeela hautatutako teknologiaren arabera; beraz, tratatutako ur birsortuaren prezioa nabarmen alda daiteke.
Merkatuari dagokionez, ura berrerabiltzeko soluzioak oro har ezarrita daude, eta balio-kateak dituzte nekazaritzako ureztapenetik hasi eta industria- eta ingurumen-erabileretaraino. Espainian, nekazaritza da nagusi hegoaldeko eta mediterraneoko eremuetan, nahiz eta hiri- edo industria-erabilerarako proiektuak ere nabarmentzen diren. Bi erabilera horiek aztertuko dira dokumentu honetan, eta egiaztatuko da bideragarriak diren eta hainbat sektoretan ura berrerabiltzeak dakartzan onurak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/43059,2020-05-07,"The research measures the self-esteem of children in the first cycle of primary school. To this end, 230 children of different ages have been taken into account. The measurement of self-esteem has been achieved through the validated EDINA survey. The research shows us that those who perform dance have more self-esteem than those who do not.","Ikerketak Lehen Hezkuntzako lehenengo zikloko haurren autoestimua neurtzen du. Horretarako, adin ezberdinetako 230 haur kontuan hartu dira. Autoestimua neurtzeko EDINA izeneko galdetegi balioetsia erabili da. Egindako ikerketak dantza egiten duten umeek dantza egiten ez dutenek baino autoestimu gehiago daukatela erakusten digu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68849,2024-07-05,"Parties are complex and changing political actors that have been adapting their organizational structures and strategies depending on the context in which they operate. Due to the need to understand the evolution  of  parties  in  recent  decades,  new  analytical  categories  such  as  «challenger  party»  have  emerged.  In  this  article  we  focus  on  the  review  and  reconstruction  of  the  concept  of  «challenger  party».  Following  the methodology set out by Giovanni Sartori, first of all, we will examine the problems that have arisen due to  use.  Secondly,  we  will  try  to  investigate  the  etymological  roots  and  the  context  in  which  the  term  arises.  Thirdly, we will logically order the conceptualizations proposed to date, trying to find the common and cen-tral defining elements of the phenomenon. Something that will lead us to formulate a renewed conception of the concept","Alderdiak eragile politiko konplexu eta aldakorrak dira, eta testuinguruaren arabera, beren antolaketa-egiturak eta estrategiak egokitzen joan dira. Azken hamarkadetan alderdiek izan duten bilakaera ulertzeko beharra dela eta, kategoria analitiko berriak sortu dira, hala nola «alderdi desafiatzailea». Artikulu honetan, «alderdi desafiatzaile» kontzeptua berrikusi eta berreraiki nahi dugu. Giovanni Sartorik azaldutako metodologiari jarraituz, lehenik eta behin, erabileraren ondorioz sortu diren problematikak aztertuko ditugu. Bigarrenik, hitzaren erro etimologikoak eta jaiotze testuingurua aztertzen saiatuko gara. Hirugarrenik, orain arte proposatutako kontzeptualizazioak modu logikoan antolatuko ditugu, fenomenoa definitzen duten elementu komunak eta zentralak aurkitzen saiatuz. Prozesu honek kontzeptuaren ikuskera berritua formulatzera eramango gaitu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16335,2015-12-03,"The purpose of this work is to make a state-of-the-art about high impedance faults in distribution systems, its features, causes and consequences. The study will be accompanied with software simulations that will be done with Matlab by a model that represents its non-linear and random feature.","Lan honen helburua, banaketa sistemen goi inpedantziazko falten artearen egoera bat egitea da, haien ezaugarri, arrazoi eta ondorioetan oinarrituz. Ikerketa, Matlabekin garatutako software simulazioekin osotzen da, haien portaera ez lineal eta aleatorioa aurkezten duen modelu batez lagundurik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14064,2015-01-19,"The emergence of the ""New Technologies"" in the late twentieth century has been the cause of the ""Digital Revolution"". The education system has not been immune to this, incorporating them into their classrooms, emphasizing its use in so-called rural schools. ICT in education have introduced new elements that made a deep transformation both technologically and pedagogically. Taking the context of different small towns of Navarra, this research focuses on the use of ICT in rural schools. Students / as make use of new technologies efficiently and significantly, encouraging self-learning; ICT thus become practical, manageable and valuable resource for teachers. This confirms that ICTs facilitate the teaching-learning process at these schools and also improve its quality.","XX. mendearen amaierako “Teknologia berrien” agerpena da “Iraultza Digitala” deritzonaren jatorria. Hezkuntza sistema ez da honetatik kanpo egon, geletan erantsi dituelarik, landa eskoletan aipagarri suertatzen den modura. IKTek elementu berriak txertatu dituzte hezkuntzan, transformazio sakon bat eraginez, bai ikuspuntu teknologikotik, eta baita pedagogikotik ere. Nafarroako herri txiki ezberdinetako testuinguari erreferentzia eginez, landa eskoletan egiten den IKTen erabileran oinarritzen da ikerketa hau. Ikasleek teknologia berriak modu eraginkor eta esanguratsuan erabiltzen dituzte, auto-ikaskuntza bultzatuz; modu honetan, IKTak baliabide praktiko, erabilgarri eta baliogarriak bihurtzen dira irakaslearentzat. Horrela, IKTek eskola hauetako ikas-irakas prozesua errazten dutela eta, gainera, honen kalitatea hobetzen dutela egiaztatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58877,2022-12-19,"This Master's Thesis includes a definition of the current situation of an existing solar photovoltaic installation in the Laboratory for the Quality Control in Buildings in Vitoria-Gasteiz, as well as a study with different proposals to optimise the treatment of the energy generated by it. The main intention is to classify the proposals and choose the best one based on the level of self-consumed electricity they present, with the initial investment required and the economic benefit achieved with each of them also being important. To this end, a regulatory framework is established regarding the activities of sale and purchase and self-production of electricity, the latest advances in relation to photovoltaic technology in buildings are reviewed, and the matching of the proposed installations with the centre's electricity consumption is analysed. Based on the fact that the main objective of the LCCE is to maximise photovoltaic self-consumption, two options are highlighted: maintaining the installation under the current conditions, changing its contracting modality to self-consumption with simplified surplus compensation, which does not require any investment and provides 43% self-consumption and an annual economic benefit of 7,800 €, or extending the installation and renewing all the photovoltaic modules, optimising the roof space. This would involve selling the surplus directly to the grid, and would involve an initial investment of around 132,000 €, but the self-consumption would amount to more than 50% and the economic benefit to 14,200 € per year, with a payback period of less than 10 years.","Master Amaierako Lan honek Gasteizko Eraikuntza Kalitatearen Kontrolerako Laborategian dagoen eguzki-instalazio fotovoltaiko baten egungo egoeraren definizio bat biltzen du, baita horrek sortutako energiaren tratamendua optimizatzeko hainbat proposamen biltzen dituen azterlan bat ere. Asmo nagusia da proposamenak sailkatzea eta onena aukeratzea, haien autokontsumo mailaren arabera. Hasierako beharrezko inbertsioa eta horietako bakoitzarekin lortutako etekin ekonomikoa ere garrantzitsuak dira. Horretarako, elektrizitatearen salerosketa eta autoprodukzio jarduerei buruzko arau-esparru bat ezartzen da, eraikuntzaren teknologia fotovoltaikoan egindako azken aurrerapenak errepasatzen dira, eta proposatutako instalazioen eta zentroaren kontsumo elektrikoaren arteko kasazioa aztertzen da. Laborategiaren helburu nagusia autokontsumo fotovoltaikoa maximizatzea dela abiapuntutzat hartuta, bi aukera nabarmentzen dira: instalazioa egungo baldintzetan mantentzea, kontratazio-modalitatea autokontsumora aldatuz soberakinen konpentsazio sinplifikatuarekin, zeinak ez baitu inolako inbertsiorik behar eta % 43ko autokontsumoa eta urteko 7.800 euroko etekin ekonomikoa ematen baitu, edo instalazioa handitzea eta modulu fotovoltaiko guztiak berritzea, estalkiaren espazioa optimizatuz. Horrek berekin ekarriko luke soberako elektrizitatea sare elektrikoari zuzenean saltzea, eta 132.000 euroko hasierako inbertsioa suposatuko luke, baina autokontsumoa % 50etik gorakoa izango litzateke, eta etekin ekonomikoa 14.200 eurokoa urtean, instalazioaren amortizazio-aldia 10 urtetik beherakoa izanik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/68474,2024-06-14,"Throughout the last decades transhumanist ideas have been gaining relevance. Noteworthy among them is Artificial Intelligence, which will be regulated by the Artificial Intelligence Act of the European Union. The first of its kind. Alongside the rising popularity of these ideas comes the need to reflect on the impact they will have on our legal system. This theoretical work studies what transhumanism is and its impact on morality from an ethical and iusphilosophical standpoint. It does so in order to analyze how the Law should have to adapt to these new ideas in the most respectful way for the Fundamental Rights and dignity of the person.","Ideia transhumanistek agerpena irabazi dute azken hamarkadetan zehar, batez ere Adimen Artifizialak, munduan gai honi helduko dion lehena Europar Batasuneko Adimen Artifizialaren Legea izanik. Ideia horiek gero eta ezagunagoak direnez, beharrezkoa da antolamendu juridikoan izango duten eraginari buruz hausnarketa egitea. Lan teoriko honek, ikuspegi etiko eta iusfilosofikotik, transhumanismoa zer den eta etikarekin nola lotzen den aztertzen du, antolamendu juridikoa Oinarrizko Eskubideekiko eta pertsonaren duintasunarekiko errespetu handienez nola egokitu behar den aztertzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24238,2017-09,"The present Project aims to offer the tools to realize the design of flexible and reconfigurable jigs, in order to be able to assembly a great amount of aero-
structural pieces. The use of this kind of jigs, would have a huge impact in the aeronautical industry. On one hand, it would greatly benefit by reducing the overall cost of the assembly and on the other, would really simplify the assembling. In addition, this kind of creations would offer the advantage of being recycles something of great help for our environment. After having examined de state of art of the jigs, some elections will be done to select the precise tools that enable us the creation of a wide variety of quality designs. Finally, an alternative design of the jig will be designed using the program Solid Edge.","Proiektu honek aeroestrukturen mihiztadurarako erabilitako bankada malgukor eta re-prestakorra diseinatzeko tresna multzo bat eskuragarri jartzea du helburu. Bankada hauen erabiltzeak talka izugarria izango lukeen industria aeronautikoan, fabrikazio kostuak gutxiagotuz eta mihizketa prozesua sinplifikatuz. Are gehiago, ingurumenak eskertuko lukeen berrerabiltzeko gaitasuna hornituko luke. Sintesi bibliografiko baten ostean, aukera batzuk hartuko dira, diseinu barietate handi bat ahalbidetzen duen osagai estrukturalen multzo bat sortzeko. Azkenik, osagai hauen bidez sortutako bankada baten aldizkatze bat diseinatuko da Solid Edge programaren bitartez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14062,2015-01-19,"The following paper, part of the Final Project in the Social Education Degree, takes into account the most significant sources about Service Learning in order to corroborate its inclusive nature. To do so, in addition to explaining the basic concepts, the keys to develop a democratic and inclusive process are thoroughly explained. Ways of achieving an ownership process and gaining social capital, both working properly against exclusion, are also detailed. Social transformation being one of the objectives of social workers, new ways should be used to achieve it. For this reason, by offering supportive services, the importance of a methodology that helps to initiate that transformation and also increases the knowledge is highlighted.","Gizarte Hezkuntzako Gradu Amaierako Lanaren barruan kokatzen den lan teoriko honek, Ikasketa eta Zerbitzu Solidarioaren gaineko informazio iturri esanguratsuenetarikoak kontuan harturik, bere izaera inklusiboa berrestea du helburu. Horretarako, metodo berritzaile honen argibide kontzeptualak azaltzeaz batera, prozesu demokratizatzaile eta inklusibo bat ematea posible egiten duten gakoak argitu eta bazterketari aurre egitea ahalbidetzen duen jabekuntza prozesuaz eta kapital soziala bereganatzeko moduaz idatzi da. Jendarte eraldaketa gizarte hezitzaileen lanbidearen eginbeharretako bat izanik, asmo hau lortzeko bide berrien emariak jaso beharko liratezke. Arrazoi horregatik, zerbitzu solidario bat eskaintzearen bitartez, ezagutzak areagotzea eta transformazio prozesu bat abian jartzen duen metodologia honen garrantziaz ohartarazten da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25565,1995,"It is accomplished a historical study about the prisons in San Sebastian from its beginning in 1180, with simple custody prisons, dwelling upon prisons for privative of liberty penalties of the XVIth century, coming to XVIIIth and XIXth century where prisons conditions in this period is pointed out.","Donostiako espetxeei buruzko ikerketa historiko bat egiten da beren hasieratik 1180, urtean, zaintzarako gartzeletan, XVI. mendeko pena askatasun-gabetzaileetarako presondegietan geldituz, XVIII, eta XIX. mendeetara iritsi arte, aro horretan espetxeetako egoera erakutsiz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24324,2014,"This paper analyses the constitutionality of the surreptitious taking of samples of NDA from criminal suspects for criminal investigation purposes. since there is no legal regulation on this issue, the starting point is the identification of the fundamental rights eventually affected by this kind of actions. This is a controverted issue in spanish legal scholarship. The paper also looks at the case-law of the Spanish Supreme Court, in particular two contradictory rulings given in 2005 with regard to the same person. Against this background, the paper moves on to comment the most recent ruling of the spanish Constitutional Court on the issue, Judgment 199/2013 of 5 december 2013. Unfortunately, the Court has not taken the advantage of this excellent occasion for declaring the deficiencies of legal regulation concerning the surreptitious taking of samples of NDA by the police.","Iruzkin  honetan  eginbide  polizial  baten  konstituziozkotasuna  dugu  ardatz,  hots,  prozesu  
penalean DNA laginak ezkutuko moduan jasotzea. gaiari buruzko arauketa ezatik abiatuta, eginbide hau 
aurrera eramatean murriztuak suerta daitezkeen oinarrizko eskubideak aztertzen dira. Maila doktrinalean gai eztabaidatua den neurrian abiapuntu gisa hartzen da Auzitegi Gorenaren jurisprudentzia, bereziki 2005eko bi sententzia kontraesankor, eta arretaz aztertzen da berriki argitaratu den Konstituzio Auzitegiaren abenduaren 5eko 199/2013 epaia. Azken honetan lehenengo aldiz arduratzen da DNA laginen auzitegiko erabilpenaz. Egilearen ustez konstituzio Auzitegiak prozedura penalean DNAren erabilpenari buruzko arauketak pairatzen dituen gabeziak agerian uzteko aukera ezinhobea galdu du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14050,2015-01-19,"This research, whose aim is to highlight the relevance of Social Education, analyses the historical evolution of this profession and people with disabilities. To this effect, testimonies of experienced Social Educators have been collected (in order to make a comparison between the previous and the current situation) and the way for achieving the professionalization of Social Educators has been studied. Besides, the role of the Basque Association of Social Educators has been examined as well as the professionalizing documents that are made. With this study, apart from revealing the future challenges of Social Educators, it is concluded that the current situation has to be studied and, that through mobilization, the social awareness needs to be increased in order to get the recognition that this profession deserves.","Ikerketa honek, Gizarte Hezkuntzaren garrantzia nabarmentzeko helburua izanik, profesio honen eta ezgaitasuna duten pertsonen eboluzio historikoa aztertzen du. Horretarako, aspalditik Gizarte Hezitzaileak diren pertsonen testigantzak bildu (lehengo eta gaur egungo egoera konparatzeko asmoz) eta Gizarte Hezitzaileen profesionalizazioa lortzeko jarraitutako ibilbidea ikertu da. Horrez gain, Gizarte Hezitzaileen Euskadiko Elkargoaren nondik norakoak aztertu eta sortutako dokumentu profesionalizatzaileak landu dira. Halaber, honekin, Hezitzaileen etorkizuneko erronkak plazaratzeaz gain, egungo egoera ikertu eta, mobilizazioaren bitartez, gizartearen kontzientziazioa lortu behar dela ondorioztatu da, lanbideak merezi duen errekonozimendua lortzeko asmoarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/12098,2013-01-25,"The aim of the doctoral thesis is the development of a methodological tool for evaluating protected areas policy in the Basque Country, although its application is transferable to other geographical areas. The content, development process and functionality of this tool must consider the following features: a) a trans-disciplinary approach which assumes the multiple attributes of protected areas (environmental, economic, social, institutional, etc.); b) participation in the evaluation process of stakeholders and site managers; c) it must be used for decision-making within conservation policy framework. The proposed tool is based on the Social Multi-criteria Evaluation (SMCE) and has been tested in a Natura 2000 site of the Basque Country with promising results.","Doktorego tesiaren helburua Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko (EAE) Natura-eremu Babestuen (NEB) politika ebaluatzeko gai den tresna metodologiko bat eraikitzea da, nahiz eta beste eremu geografiko batzutan ere aplikagarria izan daitekeen. Tresna honen edukiak, aplikazio-prozesuak eta funtzionalitateak honako ezaugarri hauek izan behar ditu aintzat: a) zehar-disziplina ikuspegia jasotzea, zeinaren bidez NEBen atributu anitzak onartzen diren (ingurumenekoak, ekonomikoak, sozialak, instituzionalak, etb.); b) tokian interesak dituzten aktore sozialek zein eremu babestuko kudeatzaileek ebaluazio prozesuan parte hartzea; c) naturaren babes politikaren esparrupean erabakiak hartzeko balio behar du. Proposatutako tresna Irizpide-anitzeko Ebaluazio Sozialean oinarritzen da eta EAEko Natura 2000 eremu batean izan da aplikatua emaitza oparoak lortuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47909,2020-11-12,"NonViolent communication (NVC), by physiologist Marshall B. Rosenberg linked to one’s deepest desires. This contributes to develop ones self-being, in relation with oneself and the rest of the individuals. This line of thought differs from the “right/wrong model”, so widely spread into nowadays society. This concept encourages us to use dialogue where conflict exists, with the aim to come up with collaborative solutions and, at the same time, to develop personal skills. This research has been carried out at a school where the quality of communication between teachers and students has been observed upon results proposals towards NVC will be put forward.","Marshall B. Rosenberg psikologoak harremanetarako garaturiko Komunikazio Ez-bortitza (KEB), norbere sakoneko desioekin zerikusia duen prozesua da. Gaur egun hain zabaldua dagoen “gaizki/ongi eredutik” urrunduz, nor bere izateko eran garatzen laguntzen du nor bere buruarekin harremanetan baita besteekin ere. Gatazka egoeretan elkarrizketa mantentzeko gonbidapena eskaintzen du, besteekin elkarlaneko irtenbideak aurkitzeko nor bere abileziak garatuz. Ikerketa txiki honetan eskola bateko komunikazio estiloa aztertu da ikasle-irakasleen hartu-emanean komunikazioaren balioaz hausnartzeko eta KEB-era hurbiltzen diren proposamenak eskaintzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67733,2024-05-08,"Motivation is a decisive factor when learning a second language such as English. For this reason, this study wanted to measure the motivation of students with respect to English classes by means of a pre-questionnaire and a post-questionnaire. In between these two questionnaires, an intervention was carried out with adaptations of the activities and materials normally used in English classes with the intention of seeking an increase in students' motivation. In essence, the aim was to observe whether a meaningful learning that is close to the context and environment of the students has an influence on their motivation with respect to this subject and language.","Motibazioa faktore erabakigarria da ingelesa bezalako bigarren hizkuntza bat ikasteko orduan. Horregatik, lan honetan ikasleek ingeleseko saioekiko duten motibazioa neurtu nahi izan da, aurre-test baten eta post-test baten bidez. Bi galdetegi horien artean, ingeleseko eskoletan erabili ohi diren jarduerak eta materialak egokitu dira, ikasleen motibazioa areagotzeko asmoz. Funtsean, ikusi nahi izan da ikasleen testuinguru eta ingurutik hurbil dagoen ikaskuntza esanguratsu batek  eragina duen ikasleek hizkuntza eta irakasgai honekiko duten motibazioan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55065,2022-01-18,"This research aimed to analyze what is the training that current teachers have concerning children’s transsexuality to know if the education system is capable of responding to the needs of trans* children. In order to do this, a survey was conducted to teachers of different ages and centers of the Basque Country and, as a result, different responses were obtained, among which the lack of knowledge about certain aspects of the subject was highlighted. The results concluded that education professionals still have great doubts about how to deal with a case of transsexuality in the classroom since most of them have not received training about it.","Ikerketa honen bidez, egungo irakasleek haurren transexualitateari buruz duten prestakuntza aztertu nahi zen, hezkuntza-sistema trans* adingabeen beharrei erantzuteko gai den jakiteko. Horretarako, Euskal Herriko adin eta ikastetxe desberdinetako irakasleei inkesta bat egin zitzaien eta, emaitza gisa, erantzun desberdinak lortu ziren, gaiaren alderdi batzuetan ezjakintasuna nabarmentzen zutenak. Emaitzen arabera, hezkuntzako profesionalek ikasgelan transexualitate-kasu baten aurrean nola jokatzearen inguruan zalantza handiak dituztela ondorioztatu zen, gehiengoak ez baitu horren inguruko prestakuntzarik jaso."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51876,2021-06-15,"The topic of this Final Degree Project are Ethical Finances, although we will focus on Ethical Banking, after all, these two terms go hand in hand. Our objective is to study what extent Laboral Kutxa is involved in ethical finances and to carry out an in-depth analysis of this. When comparing these two types of banks, we will focus on their basic concepts, principles, to make comparisons. After reflecting on our own, two professional experts on this topic will be interviewed in order to obtain a more critical and realistic opinion. Finally, we will draw our own conclusions taking into account the different sources of information, offering a more personal perspective.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen gaia Finantza Etikoak dira, nahiz eta Banku Etikoetan zentratuko garen, azken finean bi termino hauek eskutik lotuta doaz. Gure helburua Laboral Kutxak finantza etikoetan zenbaterainoko inplikazioa duen aztertzea da eta honen inguruan azterketa sakon bat egitea. Bi banku mota hauek konparatzerako orduan, beraien oinarrietan, printzipioetan, zentratuko gara alderaketak egiteko. Gure kabuz hausnarketa egin ondoren, gai honetan adituak diren bi profesional elkarrizketatuko dira, iritzi kritiko eta errealago bat lortzeko asmoz. Azkenik, informazio-iturri desberdinak izanda gure ondorioak aterako ditugu, ikuspuntu pertsonalago bat eskainiz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29509,2018-10-31,"Nowadays, where the use of technology is essential for everyday life, the use of teaching platform resources is also increasing.
Not to mention the social networks, which allow sharing private life with friends and strangers alike. These consume a large part of the time of the people, but especially of the young people who live in the First World.
But those who are immersed in the world of social networks, do they really know how to use these resources appropriately and responsibly?
It is true that they are not taught to use them. You learn how they work in an intuitive way, as they are being used and this may cause more harm than good.
This project is created with the objective of warning teenagers about the importance of the content that is uploaded to social networks and the comments that are written on it. Being immersed in a teaching environment, it is wanted to create a platform called Zunahiz where it is intended to teach the consequences that can produce the acts and words of a person, at the same time they publish their class duties and interact with the teacher.
In order to do this, after carrying out a study, technologies that are currently used in the creation of web applications were chosen, thinking that these would be the most appropriate for the development of this project.
Thereby, when completing the development of the teaching platform and analysing the final result, it has been possible to deduce that the successful creation of a web application has occurred and when examining this application with a student of the Faculty of Education of Bilbao, has concluded that through this application it is possible to generate in the students the influence that was intended.","Gaur egun, teknologiaren erabilera eguneroko bizitzan derrigorrezkoa den mundu honetan, gero eta gehiago erabiltzen diren baliabideak dira irakaskuntza plataformak.
Zer esanik ez, eguneroko bizitza pribatua lagun edo ezezagunekin partekatzea ahalbidetzen duten sare sozialei buruz. Lehen munduko gizartean bizi diren pertsonen, eta batez ere gazteen denboraren portzentai handia hartzen dutelarik.
Baina mundu horietan murgildurik daudenek ba al dakite baliabide horiek modu egokian eta erantzukizunez erabiltzen?
Egia da horien erabilera ez dela inon irakasten. Erabiltzen joan heinean modu intuitiboan ikasten da hauen funtzionamendua, eta askotan, horrela izateak onura baino kalte gehiago sor ditzake.
Nerabeei sare sozialetara igotzen diren edukiek eta idazten diren iruzkinek duten garrantziaz ohartarazteko asmoz sortzen da proiektu hau. Irakaskuntza inguruan murgilduta egonik, eskolako betebeharrak egin eta irakaslearekin partekatzen diren aldi berean, norbanako baten ekintzen eta hitzek duten eragina irakatsi da Zunahiz izeneko plataforma bat sortuz.
Horretarako, azterketa bat egin ondoren, gaur egunean web aplikazioak sortzeko erabiltzen diren teknologia batzuk aukeratu eta erabili dira proiektu honetarako aproposenak izango zirelakoan.
Irakaskuntza plataforma garatu eta amaierako emaitza ikusiz, modu egokian lan egiten duen web aplikazio bat sortu dela ikusi da eta Bilboko Hezkuntza Fakultateko ikasle batekin aztertuz, plataforma honen bitartez ikasle gazteengan sortu nahi den eragina lortzen dela ondorioztatu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24320,2014,"Terrorist victimization has a specific significance: the derivative of the materialization of a project 
based on the destruction or annihilation of the victims for what they are or what they represent.
This hermeneutical significance introduces unequivocal demands for justice. The first demand is linked to the duty of the memory of what happened, both from the perspective of the knowledge of what has occurred and from the side of the specific meaning of what has befallen.
The second demand is focused on the public demonstration of the specific injustice of the victimization 
suffered.  The  third  is  closely  connected  to  the  repairing  of  the  unfair  damage  caused  in  its  personal  dimension –repairing the repairable and remembering the unrepairable– and in its political dimension –preventing that the plan of civilized coexistence is supported by elements that made terrorist victimization possible, favored or facilitated.","Biktimizazio terroristak esanahi espezifiko bat dauka: biktimak direnagatik edo ordezkatzen dutenagatik  suntsitzeko  proiektu  baten  emaitza  da.  Esanahi  hermeneutiko  horrek  eskaera  garbiak dakarzkio  justiziari. Lehenengo,  gogoan  eduki  behar  du  gertatutakoa,  bai  gertaeren  ezagutzareni kuspuntutik, bai jazotakoaren esanahi espezifikoaren ikuspuntutik. Bigarren, jasandako biktimizazioaren berariazko bidegabekeria adierazi behar du publikoki. Hirugarren, ahalbidetu egin behar du pairatutako kalte bidegabearen ordaina, bai eremu pertsonalean (kalte-ordainak emanez eta atzera bueltarik ez duena oroimenean gordez), bai eremu politikoan (biktimizazio terrorista ahalbidetu, bultzatu edo erraztu zuten elementuak herritarren bizikidetza-proiektuan agertzea eragotzita)."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25490,1997,"After a short exposition of the responses of the society and the State to the criminal organisation,
the text analyzes differents elements that characterize them and it indicates the difficulty to get to a definition
of this kind of criminality. Likewise, it tackles different questions about the fight against the organized crime,
looking specially to the police acting and alluding to the Trevi Group, the Accord of Schengen and Europol.","Gizarteak eta Estatuak kriminalitate antolatuari ematen dizkien erantzunak labur azaldu ondoren,
horien ezaugarriak diren elementuak aztertu dira, batez ere kriminalitate mota horren definizio orokorra
eskuratzeko zailtasunak adieraziz. Halaber, krimen antolatuaren aurkako borrokaren inguruko arazoak aztertu
dira, batez ere poliziaren jarduketan oinarriturik eta Treviko Taldea, Schengeneko Akordioak eta Europol
aipatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50721,2021-03-22,"Through this End of Grade Project, we have analized the Problem Tree tool, which has not
yet been implemented in Early Childhood Education. For this purpose, an intervention has been
made in an Infant Education school in Vitoria-Gasteiz in a 4 year-old class, so it has been possible to
investigate the potential of the tool of the Problem Tree. To test the effectiveness of this tool, on the
one hand before and after the intervention, the results of the different capacities and learning
objectives of the children have been collected through a rubric, and on the other hand, the results of
the questions answered by the children about what they learned in the process, to analyze their
reasoning.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen bitartez, oraindik Haur Hezkuntzan inplementatu ez den arazoen zuhaitzaren tresna aztertu da. Horretarako, Gasteizko Haur Hezkuntzako eskola bateko 4 urteko gela batean esku hartze baten bitartez tresna hau praktikan jarri eta honen potentzialtasuna ikertzeko aukera egon da. Honen eraginkortasuna aztertzeko, alde batetik, esku hartzearen aurretik eta ostean, errubrika bidez jaso dira haurren hainbat gaitasun eta ikasketa helburuen neurketaren emaitzak, eta bestalde, prozesuan ikasitakoaren inguruan eta euren arrazonamendua aztertzeko haurrek erantzundako galderen emaitzak ere jaso dira. Horri esker, arazoen zuhaitzaren erabilgarritasuna egiaztatu da eta egindako esku hartzeak haurrei arazoak identifikatzen, arrazoitzen eta konponbideak bilatzen lagundu diela ondorioztatu da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29271,2018-10-23,"Through this project, the study, design and calculation of the structure of a sports center in the local council of Baracaldo is carried out. 
The main idea of this project is to be able to cover the needs of the local council for  the different activities that had been considered and based on them for getting the final dimensions of the sport center. 
The functionality and accessibility of the project are the most important aspects to take into a count, so we opt to optimize the space. It is defined that the tier will go on a mezzanine above the location of changing rooms and other auxiliary spaces that can be accessed by stairs or elevators, in addition the sports center will have a stepped cover that allows to take advantage of natural light. 
For the design of the sports center it is used a structure calculation programme (CYPE),  the overall structure has been made by metal profiles, while the foundation will be composed of reinforced concrete. Finally  for getting a good the correct structure the location and the conditions to which the structure will be subject has to be previously defined.","Proiektu honen bidez Barakaldo udalerriko kiroldegi baten egitura, diseinua eta kalkulua egitea da.
Proiektuaren helburu nagusia udalerriaren beharrak asetzeko eta haietan oinarritutako jarduerak kontuan hartuta, polikiroldegiaren azken dimentsioak zehazten dira.

Proiektuaren funtzionaltasuna eta irisgarritasuna nagusitzen dira eta, beraz, aukeratzen dugu espazioaren optimizazioa oinarri moduan. Horretarako definitu da harmaila solairuen artean egongo dela, aldagelen eta zona osagarrien gainean, zona horretara sarbidea izateko eskailerak eta igogailuak egongo dira, halaber mailakatutako estalkia definitu da argi naturala aprobetxatzea baimentzen duelako.

Kiroldegiaren diseinua egiteko kalkulu-programa (CYPE) erabili da. Egitura orokorra metalezko profilekin egin da, eta fundazioa bitartean hormigoi armatuaz osatuta egongo da. Kalkulu hau egiteko lehenik eta behin  kokapena eta egiturara definitu behar da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23245,2017-07,"This project starts with an idea from the Telecommunications department and
due to the organization department they could make possible the dream of having a
drone team at the University. Nowadays, it is a highly innovative scope, where the
technology has recently waked up for a large distance race. So the university may not
be less than others and the decision that was taken up, was the one that includes
developing a competitive drone team in order to race between the bests ones.
Therefore, this project is based on the complete design of the workshop for the
competition team and drone development for the university. For this purpose will be
used several techniques, among which have been used during the degree. It will take
into account, from the problems that were at the beginning of the project, to the final
resolution of the same, with its a computerised 3D design. Going through the
necessary components for a drone, its manufacture and its adaptation to the space
assigned for the workshop by the University.","Proiektu honen hasiera, Telekomunikaziozko departamentuan sortzen da ideia.
Honek, antolakuntzako departamentuarekin kontaktuan jarri zen aurrera eramateko.
Unibertsitateko Drone ekipo berria. Gaur egun goieneko unean dago dronen kontua.
Momentu honetan, teknologiak aldaketa azkarrak eta handiak dauzka eta
unibertsitateek ezin dute pasatzen hutsi haien oportunitatea trenera igotzeko. Hala
ere, jadanik unibertsitatean zenbait dronekin lan egin da, baina aurrerapausoa
antolakuntzako ikasleekin batera ematea. Guztien artean, lortu nahi da talde mundial
bat, mundu mailan jokatzeko prest dagoena. Bestalde, oportunitate itzela da
sektorearen aurreneko aurrerakadak lortzeko eta ikerketa basikoa eta aplikatua
lortzeko.
Hori dela eta, proiektu honek helburutzat drone tailerraren diseinua da. Horretarako,
graduan ikasitako teknika desberdinak erabiliko dira. Kontutan edukiko dira,
proiektuaren hasieran edukitako problemetatik, honen bukaeraraino, non tailerraren
3D diseinua ordenagailu bitartez ikusiko da. Horren erditik, drone baten parteak
zeintzuk diren, hauen fabrikazioa eta muntaketa eta zer nolako espazioak atondu dira
proiektu hau egiteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63023,2023-06-07,"At the beginning of the new millennium, the first intentions to create a solid inter-territorial cooperative system were put forth
by different territorial governments. They emerged to solve problems that could arise and affect both, the autonomous
communities (CCAA) and the State. Cooperation became essential because in certain matters, the competencies of one and the
other were interconnected. However, the lack of political will regarding this matter hindered the development of effective
cooperative mechanisms compared to other decentralized states. In recent years, as a result of COVID-19, cooperative
mechanisms have been increasingly utilized and developed. This work aims to analyze the development of the principle of
cooperation from the perspective of its history, functions, regulations, and its future.","XXI. mendearen hasieran, lurralde desberdinetako Gobernuek lurraldeen arteko lankidetza-sistema zurrun bat eratzeko asmoa
erakutsi zuten. Ideia hori sortu zen gerta daitezkeen arazoei konponbide bat aurkitzeko, bai eta Autonomia Erkidegoen zein
Estatuaren gainean ere eragin dezaketelako. Lankidetza hori ezinbesteko bilakatu zen zenbait alorretan zituzten konpetentziak
erlazionatuta zeundelako. Dena dela, gai horren inguruko politikarien borondate faltak zaindu egin zuen lankidetza-mekanismo
eraginkorraren garapena deszentralizatutako beste Estatuekin aldaratzen bada. Azken urteotan, COVID-19aren ondorioz,
lankidetza-mekanismoak asko garatu eta erabil egin dira. Lan honen helburua da lankidetzaren printzipioaren garapena
aztertzea bere historiaren, eginkizunen, araudiaren eta etorkizunaren ikuspegitik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50974,2021-04-15,"On this document, the reader has available a Final Degree Project which is going to analyze the situation of  school segregation in Vitoria-Gasteiz. School segregation is a really common topic nowadays, but so are cultural or origin segregations. That is the reason that this research has been done. In order to analyze different aspects of this term, a theoretical and a practical section are going to be differenced. On the theoretical parts, many bibliographical sources and theories were studied, and then in the practical part, three interviews were done. For the process of the interviews, two different teachers and an expert were asked many different questions. This questions were also done depending on the situation and according to the characteristics of each person. After this sections, a consequence part and a proposal are going to be exposed.","Txosten honetan, irakurleak Vitoria-Gasteiz hirian ematen den eskola segregazioa aztertzen duen Gradu amaierako lana izango du eskuragarri. Izan ere, agerian dagoen gaia da segregazioa, eta are gehiago, kultura edo jatorri segregazioa. Ondorioz, ikerketa hau gai horren ingurukoa izango da. Horretarako, alderdi teoriko eta praktikoak bereiztu dira. Alderdi teorikoetan zehar, iturri bibliografiko eta dokumentu desberdinen azalpen eta ikerketa bideratuko da, ondoren, burututako hiru elkarrizketa desberdinen analisian aritzeko. Elkarrizketak burutzeko, irakasle eta aditu desberdinak erabili dira, bakoitzaren ezaugarrien araberako galderak eginez. Behin iturrien eta elkarrizketen analisia bukatu dela, txosten honi amaiera emango zaio ondorio eta proposamen batzuekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23297,2017-07,"The aim of this document is to provide all the information necessary to understand the reason for a system like this and to know all the details of its development. We have designed a software to get, using RFID technology, the data stored in a temperature sensor and to represent them in a visual way. The used sensor has an internal RFID tag, which allows it to be identified wireless and from such a distance. The software connects to the reader and it executes different commands to interact with the sensor and access its internal memory. This work is part of a bigger project where a cold chain monitoring system is going to be implemented. We think that is convenient to develop a system that combines sensorization with the use of RFID, since it is something very new and with great future.","Dokumentu honetan gure proiektuaren beharra eta bere garapenaren xehetasun guztiak azaltzen dira. RFID teknologia erabiliz tenperatura sentsore batean gordeta dauden datuak atzitu eta bistaratzeko gai den software bat diseinatu da. Horretarako, erabilitako sentsoreak RFID etiketa bat dauka bere barnean, eta horri esker haririk gabe eta urrutitik identifikatuta izan daiteke. Software-a RFID irakurle batera konektatzen da eta honek komando ezberdinak exekutatzen ditu sentsorearekin komunikatzeko eta bere barne-memoria atzitzeko. Lan hau proiektu handiago baten lehenengo fasea da eta bere azken helburua hotz-katea monitorizatzen duen sistema bat inplementatzea da. Sentsorizazioa eta RFID teknologia bateratzen dituen sistema bat garatzea erabaki da, oso berritzailea eta sekulako etorkizuna duen teknologia baita."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29436,2018-10-31,"This project aims to improve the energy efficiency and consumption of an HW and heating
installation of old people´s home in Lekeitio. With this objective, it have been carried out
two studies of alternatives to choose the best type of energy for this building and once
knowing the type of energy what type of fuel is most appropriate for the boiler.
Once the type of energy has been chosen, that is to say, thermal solar installation and
biomass, different calculations have been made for the design and dimensioning of it
taking into account the different regulations in force. In addition, the different types of
elements that will be used throughout the installation have been explained and different
plans have been made, such as, the entire building, the hydraulic system, etc.
Also, it has been done the energy efficiency certificate using CE3X programme with to
compare the improvement of the current installation and once it has been improved.
Finally, it has been made the budget and it have been drawn the conclusions.","Hasteko proiektu honen helburua Lekeitioko zahar-egoitza baten UBS eta berokuntza
instalazioaren efizientzia energetikoa eta kontsumoa hobetzea da. Horretarako, bi
hautabideen azterketa egin dira: alde batetik eraikin honetarako energia mota hoberena
aukeratzea eta bestetik, energia aukeratu ondoren galdararentzat zer nolako erregai
mota dauden eta zein den egokiena aztertu egin da.
Behin energia mota aukeratu ondoren, hau da, eguzki energia termikoa eta biomasa,
kalkulu desberdinak egin dira diseinua eta dimentsionaketa egiteko, indarrean dauden
lege desberdinak aintzat hartuz.
Horretaz gain, instalazio osoan zehar erabiliko diren elementu mota ezberdinak azalduko
dira eta hainbat plano desberdinak egin dira. Adibidez, eraikin osoa, sistema hidraulikoa,
etab.
Era berean, CE3X programa erabiliz, efizientzia energetikoaren ziurtagiria lortu egin da,
gaur egungo instalazioa eta hobekuntzaren ostean lortzen den hobekuntza alderatzeko.
Azkenik, aurrekontu bat egin da eta ondorioak atera egin dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67778,2024-05-08,"The growing importance that information and communication technologies have acquired has led to the emergence of the maker movement. This movement has an increasing presence and visibility, both in society and educational system. Hence, in order to contribute to its expansion, an innovative material has been created in the form of a web page that serves as a guide to facilitate the implementation of this movement in the classroom. The challenges faced by today's teachers have motivated the creation of this material, which has been evaluated by experts in the field, so as to be improved and adapted to current needs.","Informazioaren eta komunikazioaren teknologiek lortu duten gero eta garrantzia handiagoak maker mugimenduaren agerpena izan du ondorio gisa. Mugimendu honek gero eta presentzia eta ikusgarritasun handiagoa lortu du gizartean zein hezkuntza-sisteman. Beraz, hedatzen laguntzeko material berritzaile bat eratu da web-orri formatuan, ikasgelan mugimendu hau praktikan jartzea errazteko gida moduan balio duena. Egungo irakasleek aurre egin beharreko erronkek motibatu dute material honen erapena eta arloko aditu batzuk ebaluatu dute, hura hobetzeko eta gaur egungo beharretara egokitzeko asmoz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22933,2017-07,"The aim of this document is to express the interest in the development of the renewable energies on
the island of La Palma. With the overall objective of reducing oil dependence of the island, analyzing
the operation of different types of renewable energy, weather conditions of the island of La Palma
will be analyzed. Finally, after seeing which types of energies are best suited to the island, it will be
verified whether self-sufficiency would be possible with these or, in case of not being totally selfsufficient,
what part of the energy demand could be covered.","Dokumentu honen bidez, La Palma irlaren energia berriztagarrien garapenaren interesa adierazi nahi
da. Helburu nagusia irlan petroleoarekiko duten dependentzia murriztea da, energia berriztagarri
ezberdinen funtzionamendua eta irlaren kondizio klimatologikoak aztertuz, bertan ezartzeko energia
hoberena zein izan daitekeen jakiteko. Ondoren, energiaren buruaskitasuna posiblea litekeen
konprobatzen da, edota buruaski ezin izate kasuan, energiaren zein zati izan litekeen ostendua."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50948,2021-04-15,"Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a reality in the lives of many children. That is why the work of teachers is to detect and transmit to the corresponding authorities the abuse that some children suffer from their relatives or their environment. For this reason all the teachers must have training in the problematic. The main objective of this work has been to know the reality of child sexual abuse, comparing the information that teachers have about the topic, with what experts recommend. The methodology used is both qualitative and quantitative, having carried out surveys and interviews. The final conclusion points to a lack of training on the part of teachers in the problem of child sexual abuse.","Haurren sexu-abusua (HSA) haur askoren bizitzako errealitatea da. Hori dela eta, irakasleen lana haur batzuek beren familiengandik edo ingurunetik jasaten dituzten tratu txarrak detektatzea eta dagozkien agintariei transmititzea da. Horretarako, irakasle guztiek izan behar dute problematikari buruzko prestakuntza. Lan honen helburu nagusia haurren sexu-abusuaren errealitatea ezagutzea izan da, irakasleek gaiari buruz duten informazioa eta adituek gomendatzen dutena alderatuz. Metodologia kualitatiboa zein kuantitatiboa erabili dira, inkestak eta elkarrizketak burutu direlako. Amaierako ondorio bezala, irakasleek haurren sexu-abusuaren inguruan formakuntza falta dutela helarazi da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26888,1996,"The question is not how much childrn´s delinquency or maladjustement but manipulation that adults can exercice on children an adolescents, when they take advantage of children´s stage of development, their ambiguity and their misleading representation, to reach the accusation of sacrilege and other similar crimes.","Artikulu honetan ez da berez ume gaitakeria edo inadaptazioaren gaia aztertzen, baizik eta helduek ume eta gazteekin egin daitezken manipulazioari buruzkoa, batez ere zenbait gai erabiliz, eta, haur-adimentaren arloan, izaerarik dudazkoenak baliatuz, sakrilejio salhaketa eta harekin lotuta dauden gaiztakerietaraino heltzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14406,2015-02-13,"This document introduces a study about different methodologies for measuring some quality of service (QoS) parameters. The study is carried out with the aim of implementing those methodologies in the QoSMeter platform, managed by NQaS group, and with the possible future contribution for the international standardization of the methodologies. It also makes an analysis of the last contribution submitted by Russian Federation administration referring to this theme and includes a contribution carried out by the Vasque Country University (UPV) [6] partly as a result of this document, in which improvements for the earlier contribution are proposed.","Dokumentu honetan, zerbitzu kalitate parametro jakin batzuk neurtzeko metodologia desberdinen araberako azterketa aurkezten da. Azterketa hau, QoSmeter plataforman metodologia horien geroagoko inplementaziorako, eta esparru internazionaleko estandar baterako kontribuzioa eratzeko pentsatua dago. Dokumentuan, Errusiar Federazioko administrazioak aurkeztutako azken kontribuzioari buruzko analisia, eta kontribuzio horri buruzko hobekuntzak proposatzen dituen Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateak egindako kontribuzioa ere jasotzen dira, azken hau, neurri batean, dokumentu honetan oinarrituta egonik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63500,2023-06-15,"In contemporary society, the work-life balance has become a fundamental challenge for many people. The fast-paced lifestyle, family responsibilities and work demands make it necessary to achieve an appropriate balance between the different aspects of a person's life, promoting their well-being and quality of life. In this context, the right to adapt the work schedule takes on significant relevance. This right grants employees the opportunity to adapt their work schedule in order to harmonize their work commitments with their family responsibilities, without adversely affecting their professional career. The main objective of this study is to analyze the legislation that develops work-life balance rights, particularly focusing on the legal framework of the right to adapt the work schedule, analyzing the changes introduced by Royal-Decree Law 6/2019 to Article 34.8 of the Workers’ Statute and the lack of effective regulation of this right in supra-company collective agreements in Gipuzkoa.","Gaur egungo gizartean, bizitza pertsonala, familia eta lana uztartzea funtsezko erronka bihurtu da pertsona askorentzat. Bizi-erritmo bizkorraren, familia-erantzukizunen eta lan-eskakizunen ondorioz, beharrezkoa da oreka egokia lortzea pertsona baten bizitzaren alderdi guztien artean, haren ongizatea eta bizi-kalitatea sustatzeko. Testuinguru horretan, lanaldia egokitzeko eskubideak funtsezko garrantzia hartzen du. Eskubide horrek lanaldia egokitzeko aukera ematen die enplegatuei, beren lan-ordutegiak eta familia-erantzukizunak bateragarri egin ahal izateko, baina horrek ez dio kalterik eragingo karrera profesionalari. Lan honen helburu nagusia kontziliazio-eskubideak garatzen dituen araudia aztertzea da, eta, bereziki, lanaldia egokitzeko eskubidearen lege-esparrua, 6/2019 Errege Lege Dekretuak Langileen Estatutuaren 34.8 artikuluan sartutako berrikuntzak eta Gipuzkoako enpresaz gaindiko eremuko hitzarmen kolektiboetan eskubide horren erregulazio eraginkorrik eza aztertuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55059,2022-01-18,"This dissertation aims to show the situation unaccompanied migrant minors suffer once they are adults and the consequences Covid-19 can have on them. While they are minors, the government must protect them, but once they turn eighteen, they are in a vulnerable position. Therefore, with this research, we aim to obtain three results: the difficulties migrants have when they are adults to obtain help, whether the help provided allows them to integrate into society and the consequences that Covid-19 can have in their daily life. After conducting four interviews, we can claim that the system that has to protect the unaccompanied migrants has lots of flaws and its main objective is not to integrate the migrants into nowadays society.","Ikerketa honen helburua inoren kargura ez dauden adingabeak adinez nagusi direnean pairatzen duten egoera eta Covid-19ak egunerokotasunean izan ditzakeen eraginak aztertzea da. Gazte hauek adingabeak direnean gobernuak babesteko beharra dauka, baina behin adin-nagusitasuna lortzean, zaurgarritasun egoera larrian geratzen dira. Ondorioz, ikerketa honen bitartez hiru emaitza bilatu nahi dira: gazte hauek adin-nagusitasuna lortzean errekurtsoak aurkitzeko zein hauetara sartzeko dituzten zailtasunak azaleratzea, errekurtso hauek beraien gizarteratzea bermatzen duten ala ez baieztatzea, eta Covid-19aren krisiak gazte hauen egunerokotasunean izan ditzakeen ondorioak aztertzea. Lau elkarrizketa egin ostean, baieztatu daiteke egun, adinez nagusi diren gazteak babesteko dagoen sistemak gabezi asko dituela eta babes sistema honen helburua ez dela gazteen gizarteratzea bermatzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19427,2016-10-26,"A bridge crane or overhead crane is a lift and movement system of loads, which are transported horizontally or vertically. It is used in industries or factories. An overhead crane is a combination of a lifting mechanism, a main girder, two front girders and a raceway.
The project focuses on the analysis of the raceway of the bridge crane. Overhead crane guides, which are T steel sections, are used as the raceway of the crane. The design of the overhead crane guides is analysed and an Excel spreadsheet is carried out. This spreadsheet makes possible the premeasurement of the beam based on the loads supported by the bridge crane.","Garabi zubia, zama igotze eta herrestatze sistema bat da, mugimendu bertikalak eta horizontalak burutzen dituena. Industrian eta fabriketan erabilitako sistema bat da. Igotze mekanismo, funtsezko habe, bi buru-habe eta errodadura bide bana ditu garabi zubiak.
Proiektu garabi zubiaren errodadura bideari egindako analisian datza. Zubi garabirako errail gapirioen diseinua aztertzen da, T bikoitzeko forma duten altzairu xaflatuazko perfilak direnak. Garabi zubientzako errail habeen diseinua ikertzen da eta kalkulu orri parametrikoa burutzen da, Excel programak lagunduta; honek garabi zubiak jasan dezakeen zama kopuruaren araberako aurre-dimentsioari bide ematen dio."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50980,2021-04-15,"Throughout this Final Degree Project, it will be discussed the participation of families both at school and in the educational process of their children. In order to investigate that, it will be spoken about its importance and its benefits. On the other hand, factors that difficult families’ participation and implication with the school will be analyzed and also, some corrective proposals will be exposed to confront this situation. The pivotal objective of this project is to analyze the participation and implication of parents throughout a real case. As support for this analysis, there has been made a vast bibliographic research and qualitative analysis of a real case that includes some interviews, polls and document analysis to make sure that this theory is really applied as it is said. This investigation has been made in Umandi Ikastola in Vitoria-Gasteiz in order to analyze the degree of participation and implication of families there. Following the objectives that will be exposed in the beginning of the project, there have been obtained some conclusions that allow to see areas that need an improvement, and as result of these, some improvement proposals will be explained","Hurrengo Gradu Amaierako Lanean, familien parte hartzea eskolan eta seme-alaben hezkuntza prozesuari buruz hitz egingo da. Horretarako, honen garrantziaz hitz egingo da eta dituen onurak plazaratu egingo dira. Bestalde, familien parte hartzea eta inplikazioa oztopatzen duten faktoreak aztertuko dira, eta era berean, hauei aurre egiteko proposamen batzuen adibideak adieraziko dira. Lanaren helburu nagusia gurasoen parte hartzea eta inplikazioa aztertzea da kasu erreal baten bitartez. 

    Horretarako, bilaketa bibliografiko zabala egin da eta baita kasu erreal baten azterketa kualitatiboa ere elkarrizketa, inkesta eta dokumentuen analisiaren bitartez, teoria guzti hori benetan horrela ematen den ikuskatzeko. Ikerketa lana Gasteizko Umandi Ikastolan eraman da aurrera, gurasoen parte hartze eta inplikazio maila hori aztertzeko. Lanaren hasieran aipatuko diren helburuak jarraituz emaitza batzuk lortu dira parte hartze eta inplikazio horren maila hobeto ikusteko eta horietatik abiatuz, hobetzeko proposamenak plazaratzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60809,2023-04-20,"In this Master's Final Dissertation, the current production of audiovisuals in Basque has been analysed. In order to do this, first of all, various research works, reports and analysis´ carried out previously have been scrutinized. Secondly, a survey has been disseminated among the students of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Communication of the UPV/EHU to find out their interests, desires and needs for audiovisual consumption. Thirdly, a focus group has been held to contrast the different views and opinions of professionals and researchers working in the sector. Fourth, several interviews have been conducted with experts and professionals in the sector to gather their opinion in greater depth. Finally, the research work has been analysed by a professional who has taken decisions at the political level in the sector to highlight areas of the work that are noteworthy and need to be developed for the future. This first approach has provided us with some useful conclusions and has also opened up interesting lines of work for further investigation.","Master Amaierako Lan honetan, euskarazko ikus-entzunezkoen egungo produkzioa aztertu da. Horretarako, lehenik, aurretik burututako zenbait ikerketa lan, txosten eta analisi aztertu eta landu dira. Bigarrenik, EHUko Gizarte eta Komunikazio Zientzien Fakultateko ikasleen artean inkesta zabaldu da horien ikus-entzunezkoen kontsumo interes, nahi eta beharrak ezagutzeko. Hirugarrenik, focus groupa egin da sektorean lan egiten duten profesional nahiz ikerlarien ikuspegi eta iritzi desberdinak kontrastatzeko. Laugarrenik, hainbat elkarrizketa egin dira sektoreko aditu eta profesionalei, modu sakonagoan euren iritzia jasotzeko. Azkenik, ikerketa lana sektorearen inguruan maila politikoan erabakiak hartu dituen profesional batek aztertu du lanetik aipagarriak diren eta etorkizunera begira landu behar diren alorrak azpimarratzeko. Lehen hurbilketa honek zenbait konklusio baliagarri eskaini dizkigu, eta ikertzen jarraitzeko lan-lerro interesgarriak ere zabaldu dizkigu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51012,2021-04-15,"Currently we have a scourge that has been with us for many years, sexism. This scourge affects most social areas and sports are not free from it. The intention of this work is to reveal the gender perspective of the children in sports nowadays. To this end, a survey was conducted in a class of 22 students from a school in Lekeitio, to get to know their ideas and to detect the issues that needed to be worked on in terms of gender and to identify the signs of sexism. To deal with these issues, a didactic proposal was designed. This proposal had the intention to relate several subjects: Art Education and Physical Education. Instead of tackling two subjects at the same time, the objective was to work it through a linear process (starting in Art Education to transition later to Physical Education). The coordination between the tutor and the specialist is necessary in order for the students to assimilate the contents better. When analyzing the results of the conducted survey, it can be seen that sports are still assigned to men. They receive more presence or positive appraisal of their achievements than women. In some cases, women’s achievements are even made invisible by the lack of visibility in the media, which often focuses more on their clothing and body type than their achievements. Therefore, though great strides have been made in recent years to solve this issue, it may still be seen that there is a great deal of work still to be done.","Gaur egun oraindik duela urte askotik datorkigun gaitz bat daukagu gurekin, matxismoa. Gaitz horrek gizarteko eremu gehienetan eragiten du eta kirola ez da horietatik at geratzen. Lan honen bitartez kirolaren munduan generoaren aldetik egungo umeek daukaten ikuspuntua zein den jakinarazi nahi zen. Horretarako, inkesta bat pasa zitzaion Lekeitioko ikastetxe bateko 22 ikasleko talde bati. Haiek dauzkaten ideiak ezagutu ostean generoaren aldetik landu beharreko eta matxismoaren aztarna diren gaiak identifikatu ziren, beraz horiei aurre egiteko Lehen Hezkuntzarako proposamen didaktiko bat diseinatu zen. Proposamen horrek hainbat ikasgai harremanetan jartzeko asmoa zeukan: Arte Hezkuntza eta Gorputz Hezkuntza. Ikasgai biak aldi berean eman beharrean, prozesu linea baten bitartez lantzea zen helburua (lehenengo saioak Arte Hezkuntzan landu eta gero trantsizio baten bidez Gorputz Hezkuntzara igaro). Ezinbestekotzat hartzen zen, beraz, tutorearen eta espezialistaren arteko koordinazioa ikasleek edukiak ondo barneratzeko. Inkestaren erantzunetan espero ziren emaitza guztiak jaso ez arren, nabari zitekeen kirolaren arloa oraindik gizonezkoei esleitzen zaiela, presentzia handiagoa emanez edo haien lorpenak emakumeenak baino gehiago goraipatuz. Kasu batzuetan emakumezkoen lanaren ez ikustaraztera ere iristen da, komunikabideek ematen dien bisibilitatea nulua delako edo janzkerari edo gorpuzkerari lorpenei baino garrantzia gehiago ematen diotelako. Beraz, nahiz eta azken urteetan gai honen inguruan aurrera pauso handiak egin diren, oraindik ere lanketa sakonak egin behar direla ikus daiteke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/24455,2017-09,"The following document describes the steps to control a humanoid
robot at scale, defining its most relevant concepts, how it works and the
characteristics and work patterns to follow during its procedure. At first, the
context in which this proposal of work is included is developed, at the same
time detailing the objectives and the scope that it has with respect to the field
of humanoid robotics. This project, based on the design and implementation
of a control architecture that allows low cost humanoid robots to develop
tasks, joins with three other projects related to kinematic study, programming
strategies and robotic vision algorithms. In summary, a robot capable of
competing in the 4 events of the national competition CEABOT 2017 is
achieved.","Hurrengo dokumentua eskala giza robot bat kontrolatzea,
horrela, kontzeptu garrantzitsuenak definitzeko urratsak deskribatzen, beren
funtzionamendua eta ezaugarriak eta lan eredu modura zure prozedura
zehar jarraitu. Hasiera batean, testuinguru horretan proposamena lan
honetan, zehaztuz, helburuak eta norainokoa giza robotika alorrean aintzat
hartuta, berriz sartzen da garatzen. Proiektu hau, oinarritzen diseinatu eta
ezartzeko kontrol arkitektura batena esker kostu txikiko giza itxurako robotak
egiteko betebeharrak, hiru antzeko zinematikoa azterketa lotzen, estrategiak
eta algoritmoak robot ikusmen proiektuetarako programazioa. Oro har, 4
lehiaketa nazional CEABOT 2017 entsegu batean lehiatzeko gai robot bat
lortzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23241,2017-07,"The aim of this project is to learn the functionality of the collaborative robots and to measure the forces generated during the movement of the flexible manipulator in order to post-process and analyze them. For that purpose, a dynamometric plate Kistler 9347C sensor will be installed and using the LabVIEW platform those measurements will be read and saved into a text file. Once all of the above is done, the text file will be post-processed with a program done by MATLab. As a final goal, all the programs done will be easy to understand so that any user could use them.","Proiektu honetan errobot kolaboratibo batek izan ditzakeen funtzionalitate desberdinak ulertu eta laborategiko prototipoak egindako ibilbide desberdinetan sortutako indarrak neurtu eta post-prozesatuko dira. Horretarako, kistler 9347C sentsore bar instalatuko da eta LabVIEW plataformaren bitartez garatutako software-arekin jasotako datuak irakurri eta testu fitxategi batean gordeko dira. Ondoren, MATLAB-en bitartez egindako beste programa baten bidez, fitxategi horri hainbat iragazki eta konbertsio aplikatuko zaizkio, post-prozesaketa osatzeko. Bukatzeko, egindako bi programak erabiltzeko eta ulertzeko errazak izatea bilatuko da, edozein erabiltzailek programa erabiltzeko aukera izan dezan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19350,2016-10-21,"The lack of knowledge about the behavior of electrode wear during SEDM means a great expense for the industries that resort to this working method. Therefore it´s interesting to make a study regarding this theme, which would enable the design of tool wear simulation softwares, that might lead to great savings in terms of production process.","Elektrohigaduran zehar elektrodoen higadura patroiarenezagutza faltak, kotu handia suposatzen du fabrikazio metodo hau aukeratzen duten enpresetzat. Horregatik higadura honen simulazioa egiten duten programen diseinua ahalbidetzen duen ikerketa bat egitea interesgarria da, ekoizpen prozesuko kostuen aurrezte nabarmena suposatzuko duena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73251,2025-05-07,"The aim of this End of Degree Project is to investigate the socio-educational intervention carried
out by the Sansomendi school in Vitoria (since it became a learning community) to achieve the
educational success of gypsy students of the neighborhood. To do so, two focus groups have
been carried out with some of the gypsy students and mothers as well as three interviews with
the school management, the social educators of the gypsy association “Gao Lacho Drom” and
the street educators of the Lakua-Sansomendi area. Like that, in order to develop the discussion,
the information obtained from each of these has been divided into the following three
categories: the efficiency of the Successful Educational Actions (which are the basis of learning
communities), the influence of families’ involvement in the school and the importance of the
role of social educators in it. The conclusion of this discussion is the efficiency of networking to
address the educational needs of a particular group of people.","Gradu Amaierako Lan honen xederik nagusiena Gasteizko Sansomendi auzoko eskolak (Ikas
Komunitatea denetik) bertako ijito-ikasleen hezkuntza arrakasta lortzeko, aurrera eramaten duen
esku-hartze soziohezitzailearen azterketa egitea da. Horretarako, alde batetik, bi eztabaida-talde
antolatu dira eskolako ijito-ikasle zein ama batzuekin hurrenez hurren. Bestaldetik, ikastetxeko
zuzendaritza, “Gao Lacho Drom” Ijito-Elkarteko hezitzaile eta Lakua-Sansomendi zonaldeko
kaleko hezitzaileekin elkarrizketa bana aurrera eraman dira. Era honetan, hauetatik ateratako
informazioa hurrengo hiru kategoriatan banandu dira, eztabaidari ekiteko: Ikas Komunitateen
oinarri diren Hezkuntza Jarduera Arrakastatsuen eraginkortasuna, eskolako familien
parte-hartzearen eragina eta gizarte hezitzaileen profilek eskolan duten garrantzia. Eztabaida
honetatik, gizatalde zehatz baten hezkuntza-premiei erantzuteko sarean lan egitearen indarra
ondorioztatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/75387,2025-11-05,"This paper aims to summarize the use of radioisotopes in medicine, the production pathways of these isotopes through nuclear reactions, and the subsequent radiochemical separation. Regarding the production routes, it specifically details 3 fission product radioisotopes of uranium atoms: 99Mo, 131I and 133Xe. An analysis of the current status of these medical radioisotopes is conducted, particularly focusing on 99Mo due to its daughter isotope 99mTc, as well as the trend towards the closure and decommissioning of research nuclear reactors that supply the pharmaceutical market. Consequently, the paper examines the feasibility of using small modular reactors (SMR) for the production of these radioisotopes, comparing characteristics and similarities with the reactors currently in operation.","Lan honek erradioisotopoek medikuntzan duten erabilera laburbiltzen du, baita erradioisotopo horiek erreakzio nuklearren bidez ekoizteko ibilbideak eta ondorengo banaketa erradiokimikoa ere. Ekoizpen-bideei dagokienez, 3 erradioisotopo zehazten dira bereziki, uranio atomoen fisio-produktuak: 99Mo, 131I eta 133Xe. Erabilera medikoko erradioisotopo horien egungo egoeraren analisia egiten da, batez ere 99Mo-rena, haren semeagatik (99mTc), eta merkatu farmakologikoa hornitzen duten ikerketako erreaktore nuklearrak ixteko eta eraisteko joera. Horregatik, erradioisotopo horiek ekoizteko erreaktore modular txikiak (SMR) erabiltzearen bideragarritasuna aztertzen da lanean, eta gaur egun jarduten duten erreaktoreen ezaugarriak eta antzekotasunak alderatzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54038,2021-11-23,"Using a new computer and the Linux operating system, we have updated the Aula EspaZio
Gela observatory. In addition, using the KStars astronomical software, we have automated
the observatory’s control system in order for it can be controlled by a single program.
We have configured the software to control each of the instruments that compose the
observatory. Afterwards, we have outlined the process that should be carried out after
night observations and worked with a series of programs to perform these tasks. These
tasks include image processing, astrometry and photometry. To conclude, an explained
simulation of the post-observation process has been made with real images.","Ordenagailu berri baten eta Linux sistema eragilearen bidez, Aula EspaZio Gela behatokia
eguneratu dugu, eta gainera, KStars software astronomikoa erabiliz, behatokiko kontrol
sistema automatizatu dugu programa bat-bakarraren bidez kontrolatu ahal izateko. Soft-
warea konfiguratzen joan gara behatokia osatzen duten tresna guztiak kontrolatu ahal
izateko. Hori eta gero, gaueko obserbazioen ondoren burutu beharreko prozesuak pro-
posatu ditugu, eta lan horiek burutuko dituzten zenbait programekin lanean aritu gara.
Lan horien artean, irudien tratamendua, astrometrizazioa eta fotometria daude, esate-
rako. Proiektu honetan obserbazio ondorengo prozesuen simulazio bat egin da benetako
irudiekin; bertan, prozesu horiek nola burutu azaltzen dugu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23293,2017-07,"The realization of the project consists in the implementation of the DS3640 device in the A-3301 card developed by the Applied Electronics Research Group (APERT). It is a device that offers functions for making secure communications. The A3301 card has been developed to work in the Industry 4.0 environment, because of that, the implementation of a device such as the DS3640 is totally needed to ensure correct reliability of information management. The device provides features to maintain a system protected, a remarkable feature is the possibility of managing encryption keys. For all this, the objective of the project is to carry out an exhaustive study and later implementation of all the safety features granted by the DS3640. The development of the project is of particular interest for the advancement of innovation Industry 4.0.","Proiektu honen helburua DS3640 Applied Electronics Research Group (APERT) taldeko A3301 txartel elektronikoan jartzea da. Chip honen funtzio nagusia komunikazioetan segurtasuna ematea da. A3301 txartela Industry 4.0pean lan egiteko diseinatu egin da. Hori dela eta, DS3640 motako dispositibo bat edukitzea funtsezkoa da informazioa era seguru batean maneiatzeko. Dispositibo honen bitartez, sistema seguru mantendu daiteke. Funtzio interesgarri bat enkriptazio giltzen maneiatzea da. Hau dela eta, proiektu honen helburua DS3640 ematen dituen segurtasun elementu guztien azterketa eta inplementazioa da. Industri 4.0n garapenean interes handikoa da proiektu honen garapena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/72672,2025-02-13,"The objective of this project is to design and implement the periodic and automatic execution of a data ingestion process to facilitate the access, reading and use of data in a Big Data context.
This work is a simulation of a real project. The information used for the implementation of the process is represented by a set of data extracted by the student from the online platform Kaggle. This data contains information related to the most played songs on the Spotify platform during the year 2024. 
Nowadays, data has become a very powerful tool to grow any business and in order to access it efficiently, a process is needed to extract and transform it quickly and efficiently, reducing costs and maximizing benefits.
 This mesh will be formed by processes or jobs that will be executed in an established order and will be in charge of cleaning, ordering and normalizing the data received. On the other hand, quality standards will also be established in order to satisfy the customer's needs.","Proiektu honen helburua da datuak hartzeko prozesu baten aldizkako exekuzioa eta exekuzio automatikoa diseinatzea eta inplementatzea, datuak testuinguru\textit {Big Data} batean eskuratzea, irakurtzea eta erabiltzea errazteko.
Lan hau benetako proiektu baten simulazioa da. Prozesua inplementatzeko erabilitako informazioa ikasleak Kaggle online plataformatik ateratako datu multzo batek adierazten du. Datu horiek 2024an Spotify plataforman gehien erreproduzitu diren abestiei buruzko informazioa dute.
Gaur egun, datuak oso tresna ahaltsua bihurtu dira edozein negozio hazteko, eta horiek modu eraginkorrean eskuratu ahal izateko, datu horiek atera eta azkar eta eraginkortasunez eraldatuko dituen prozesu bat behar da, kostuak murriztuz eta etekinak maximizatuz.
Sare hori prozesu edo\textit {jobs} bidez osatuko da. Prozesu horiek ezarritako ordenan exekutatuko dira, eta jasotako datuak garbitzeaz, ordenatzeaz eta normalizatzeaz arduratuko dira. Bestalde, kalitate-arau batzuk ere ezarriko dira, bezeroaren beharrak ase ahal izateko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25613,1993,This work studies the use of community service as an alternative to the penalty of deprivation of liberty by analysing its different forms and implementation in France since 1983.,"lnteres orokorrezko lanaren aplikazioa azaltzen da, askatasun gabeko zígorraren ordezko aukera bezala, bere modalitate ezberdinak eta 1983tik Frantzian burututako egiketa aztertuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26227,1991,"The first cases of AIDS were diagnosed in 1981, among youngs homosexuals in the USA. Very quickly it became clear that all AIDS victims suffered from a loss of specific series of cells of the immune system - the T4 cells - and that as a result of this they fell victims to pathogens which could be easily controlled by a normal immune system. The most frequent infections are among those caused by Pneuomocytis carinii, toxoplasmosis, cronic cryptosporidosis fungi, cryptococosis, hystoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, Legionella, Salmonella and other bacteria.","IHESaren lehenengo jazoerak Estatu Batuetako homosexual gazteen artean 1981, go urtean igarri egin ziren. Berehala agerian egon zen IHESaren biktima guztiek lokabe sistema normal batez erraz kontrolatuta izan zitezken patogenoen biktimak izaten ziren. Maiz agertzen diren kutsapenen artean honako hauetaz sortutakoak aipa daitezke: Pneumocytis carinii, toxoplasmosi, kriptosporidiosi, kutsapen funjikoak, kriptokokosi, histoplasmosi, zitomegalobirus, Legionella, Salmonella, eta beste bakteria batzuk."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28287,2013,"The following pages are the transcription of the opening session of the 2nd Training Course in Archaeological
Techniques organized by Arkeogazte between April and March 2012 in the University
of the Basque Country (UPV-EHU). The aim of this course was to address the main bioarchaeological
disciplines providing the methodological, theoretical and practical basis for offering to students
and professionals in Archaeology a training complement. The first session took place the 25th April
2012 in Las Nieves lecture room building and was focused on the biological record in Archaeology.
First, there was a presentation about the kind of information it can provide to the archaeological
research and after that, there was a debate about the sampling techniques of various bioarchaeological
materials.","Ondorengo orrialdetan Arkeogaztek 2012ko apirila eta maiatza artean UPV-EHUn antolatutako II.
Arkeologia Tekniken Trebakuntza Ikastaroaren hasiera ematearen transkripzioa aurkezten da. Jardunaldi
hauen helburua Arkeologia ikasle eta profesionalei teknika bioarkeologiko nagusien hastapenak
erakustea izan zen. Horretarako, teknika hauen oinarrizko metodologia, teoria eta praktika
landu zen beraien trebakuntza osatzeko xedearekin. 2012ko apirilaren 25ean Elurreta ikasgelategian
burutu zen lehenengo saioaren ardatza erregistro bioarkeologikoa izan zen. Honek, ikerketa
arkeologikorako eman dezakeen informazio mota azaldu zen eta ondoren, hainbat material bioarkeologikoen
laginketa tekniken inguruko eztabaida zabaldu zen."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/73248,2025-05-07,"Emotional education has become a fundamental concept in the school environment, but it still
faces significant challenges, such as the need for correct emotional management by teachers.
The main objective of this project is to investigate the importance given to the emotional
regulation by Early Childhood Education teachers, both currently and throughout their personal
development. The results obtained reveal a lack of training in affective competencies, which
leads, on several occasions, to emotional overflows in their work environment. Given the above,
it is worth highlighting the need to train competent teachers, taking into account that these, in
turn, will train and be references for future generations.","Hezkuntza emozionala funtsezko kontzeptu bihurtu da eskola-ingurunean, baina oraindik
erronka garrantzitsuei aurre egin behar die, hala nola irakasleen kudeaketa emozional egokiaren
beharrari. Lan honen helburu nagusia Haur Hezkuntzako irakaslek erregulazio emozionalari
ematen dioten garrantzia ikertzea da, bai bizitzen ari diren gaurkotasunean zein izandako
garapen pertsonalean zehar. Lortutako emaitzek agerian uzten dute gaitasun afektiboetan ez
dagoela prestakuntzarik, eta horrek, zenbaitetan, lan-ingurunean emozioak gainezka egitea
dakar. Horregatik guztiagatik, irakasle gaituak prestatzeko beharra azpimarratu nahi da, kontuan
hartuta irakasle horiek, aldi berean, etorkizuneko belaunaldientzako erreferente izango direla."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54112,2021-11-25,"The main goal of this final research will be to focus on the current state of the Kichwa Otavalos in Ecuador as a case of oppression of the indigenous peoples of the world, making visible their political presence and agenda. By gathering the testimonies of the indigenous people of Ecuador through rigorous interviews, the aim is to give visibility to what they say and think, and to build bridges that bring us closer. I also present a didactic sequence of approaches to the languages of indigenous people in the XXI century to modify the stereotyped image in order to show the possible contribution of education in this matter.","Gradu amaierako lan honen helburu nagusia, munduko herri indigenek pairatu duten zapalkuntza azaldu eta gero, Ekuadorreko Kichwa Otavalotarren egungo egoeran zentratzea izango da, herri indigenen gaur egungo aktoretza politikoa eta agenda erakusteko. Ekuadorreko indigenen  testigantzak sakoneko elkarrizketa batzuen bidez bilduz, beraiek esaten eta pentsatzen dutenari ikusgarritasuna ematea eta gurera ekarriz, zubiak eraikitzea da helburua. Horrez gain, herri indigenen XXI. mendeko hizkuntzetara hurbildu eta irudi estereotipatua aldatzeko sekuentzia didaktiko bat aurkezten dut bertan, hezkuntzak gai honetan egin dezaken ekarpena erakusteko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29443,2018-10-31,"Resumen Ingles:

The digitization of many of the services that are currently consumed on the Internet has allowed access to these contents to be made easier and faster. However, online shopping always carry a series of security issues that should be considered.

The aim of this project is to introduce a software-license marketing model, which not only facilitates the purchase and distribution to small suppliers, but also adds a series of guarantees to the user during the purchase process. By using some different security techniques (cryptographic algorithms, secured protocols, authentication...etc.), this model allows to check the validity of the license without the need to make the payment previously. 

This solution allows the users to have more control over the purchasing process. If there is some kind of deception or scam, they can cancel the transaction without being affected. Final users’ confidence will be improved in terms of using these kind of services, helping with their deployment and extended use.","Resumen Euskera:

Gaur egun Internet bidez komertzializatzen diren zerbitzuen digitalizazioak eduki horietara heltzea erraztu egin du. Hala ere, zerbitzu horiekin batera doazen erosketek segurtasunarekin lotutako arazoak dakartzate maiz.

Lan honen helburua lizentziak banatzeko software-eredu bat definitzea eta diseinatzea da, hornitzaile txikiei erosketak eta distribuzioa errazteko, eta erabiltzaileari erosketa-prozesuan segurtasun-bermeak eskaintzeko. Segurtasun-teknikak erabiliz (Algoritmo kriptografikoak, protokolo seguruak, autentifikazioa. . . ) lizentziaren baliozkotasuna konprobatu daiteke, ordainketa egin baino lehen.

Sistema honek erabiltzaileari segurtasun-berme gehiago eskaintzen dizkio, iruzur edo scam kasu bat egonez gero inolako kalterik gabe transferentzia deuseztatzeko aukera ematen baitu. Sistema honek erabiltzaileek mota honetako zerbitzuetan daukaten konfiantza handitzea bermatzen du, zerbitzu hauen hedapena eta erabilpena erraztuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14295,2015-01-28,"Nitrate and hydroxyl radicals are some chemical species which are related to atmospheric pollution. On the present paper their concentrations have been estimated analyzing the concentrations of several organic volatile compounds registered in the Natural Park of Valderejo (Araba). The calculations methodology had been previously used for ·OH, however, it is the first time it is used for concentrations of NO·3 in a rural atmosphere.The concentrations of hydroxyl radical calculated (6,02·106 - 8,06·106 molec. cm-3) agree with those obtained in previous measurements and studies. In the case of the nitrate radical, the concentrations estimated (2,13·1011 – 2,02·1012 molec. cm-3)are much higher than those calculated in other projects. Thus, it is concluded that this technique is not valid to calculate the concentration of NO·3 in a rural background atmosphere as the one in Valderejo. The deviation is probably due to other processes that have not been taken into account in the hypothesis calculation. Therefore, deeper research in this field is suggested.","Nitrato eta hidroxilo erradikalak kutsadura atmosferikoan parte hartzen duten espezie kimikoak dira. Lan honen bidez hauen kontzentrazioak balioztatzen saiatu egin gara, Valderejo Parke Naturalean (Araba) neurtutako zenbait konposatu organiko lurrunkorren kontzentrazioetaz baliatuta. Kontzentrazioa kalkulatzeko metodologia lehenagoko lanetan erabilia izan da ·OH-ren kasuan eta NO·3-ri dagokionez, giro landatar batean bere kontzentrazioa ezagutzeko lehenengo aldiz erabili da metodologia hau. Kalkulatutako hidroxilo erradikalaren kontzentrazioak (6,02·106 - 8,06·106 molek. cm-3) aurreko neurketa eta ikerlanetan lortutakoekin bat datoz. Nitrato erradikalaren kasuan, aldiz, balioztatutako kontzentrazioak (2,13·1011 – 2,02·1012 molek. cm-3) testuek jasotzen dituztenak baino askoz altuagoak dira. Hortaz, erabilitako teknika hau ez da egokia NO·3 kontzentrazioa Valderejo bezalako hondoko atmosfera landatar batean kalkulatzeko. Desbiderapen honen arrazoia, seguruenik, kalkuluaren hipotesian kontuan hartu ez diren bestelako prozesuak dira, beraz, arlo honen harian ikerketa sakonagoa proposatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14293,2015-01-27,"The project consists on the development and elaboration of a process sheet for mechanizing an automobile component. For that purpose, appropriate tools will be selected and mechanising parameters and times will be estimated.","Proiektuaren helburua automobilgintza-osagai bateko mekanizaziorako prozesu orria garatzea eta lantzea da. Hartarako, erreminta egokiak aukeratuko dira eta parametroak eta mekanizazio denborak kalkulatuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60274,2023-03-06,"The aim of this research is to analyze the use of drawing in school, specifically in Primary Education, from the point of view of both students and teachers. Likewise, it is wanted to verify if through the drawings children are better able to express their thoughts and emotions than with words. In order to place the subject theoretically, first a bibliographic review on children's drawing has been made, emphasizing the importance it has in the development of children and the use that images are given in school. To achieve the objectives, in addition to designing specific questionnaires, the graphic, written and oral expressions of the students have been used too. In this study have participated 54 teachers from 19 different schools of the Basque Country and 49 children between 9 and 10 years old from San Prudencio school. As the results show, drawing is an activity that is part of children's daily lives and most of them and the majority of the teachers associate it with free time, giving less importance to the contents and pedagogical capacities of graphic expression. Despite the little importance given to children's drawing because of teachers´ lack of knowledge, it has been shown that it is an excellent tool of expression and communication for the little ones.","Ikerketa honen helburua eskolan egiten den marrazkiaren erabilera aztertzea da, zehazki Lehen Hezkuntzan, ikasleen eta irakasleen ikuspegitik. Era berean, haurrek marrazkien bidez pentsamenduak eta emozioak adierazteko gaitasun handiagoa duten egiaztatu nahi da, hitzen bidezko adierazpenarekin alderatuta. Gaia teorikoki kokatzeko, lehenik eta behin, haurrentzako marrazkiari buruzko berrikuspen bibliografikoa egin da, marrazketa LHko ikasleen garapenean duen garrantzia eta eskolan ekoizpen hauei ematen zaien erabilera ulertzeko. Bestalde, ikerketa honen helburuak lortzeko, galdetegiak erabiltzeaz gain, ikasleen adierazpen grafikoak eta hitzezko adierazpenak erabili dira. Ikerketa honetan, Euskal Herriko 19 ikastetxe ezberdinetako 54 irakasle eta San Prudentzio ikastetxeko 49 ikasle, 9 eta 10 urte bitartekoak parte hartu dute. Emaitzek erakusten dutenez, marrazkia haurren egunerokotasunean dagoen jarduera bat da, eta ikasle zein irakasle gehienek aisialdiarekin lotzen dute, adierazpen grafikoaren eduki eta gaitasun pedagogikoak gutxietsiz. Irakasleen ezagutza faltagatik haurren marrazketari garrantzi gutxi ematen zaion arren, txikienentzako adierazpen- eta komunikazio-tresna bikaina dela frogatu ahal izan da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16171,2015-11-24,"The following document is based on the providing of a large vision and identification of costs resulting from the deviation between planning and production processes, as well as storage costs; in order to develop a detailed analysis. To achieve the suggested aim, the work will start matching the planning documents with production volumes, to obtain the mentioned differences. In this way, deviations will be highlighted, structured among their cause and organized, for the sudden identification of the possible costs. As the previously mentioned cost is a tacit waste, some improvement proposals will be included after the overall analysis.","Honako dokumentua ekoizpen prozesu baten plangintza eta ekoizpen errealaren arteko desbideratzeek, baita biltegiratze sistemek, dakarten kostu inplizituen identifikazioan datza. Behin identifikaturik daudela, hauen azterketa sakonagoa egiteko. Ezarritako xedea lortzeko, plangintza dokumentuetatik abiatu eta ekoizpen bolumenekin parekatuko dira. Era honetan, desbideratzeak nabarmendu, adierazle bidez kausa ezberdinetan sailkatu eta ekoizpen zein biltegiratze kostu eratorriak ondorioztatuko dira. Aurretik aipatu den kostua enpresarentzat ez onartutako gastu tazitoa denez, berau konpontzeko hobetze proposamenak ere proposatuko dira; azterketa osatu ondoren."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/31774,2019-02-28,"The relationships that are created between students conditions the learning process and therefore it is necessary for education to work on this aspect. In this work the relationships between students in a Primary Education class will be analyzed and with the aim of improving them, an intervention formed by musical activities will be carried out. The main point has been the reinforcement of the group feeling and well-being. Through the practice of music, the integration of students who have difficulties to participate has been achieved. By the use of music, students have managed to control their emotions, and understand those of others, creating a comfortable environment in the group.","Ikasleen arteko harremanek eragin handia dute ikaskuntza prozesuan eta ondorioz ezinbestekoa da hezkuntza eremuan honi arreta jartzea. Lan honetan, Lehen Hezkuntzako ikastalde baten harremanak aztertu eta ondoren hauek hobetzeko esku-hartze bat aurkezten da, horretarako musika jarduerak erabiliz. Talde bizitza eta kide guztien ongizatea bultzatu nahi izan dira. Taldeko musika praktikari esker jardueretan zehar parte hartzea kostatzen zaien ikasleak integratzea lortu da. Musikaren bidez norbere emozioak erregulatu eta besteenak ulertuz, talde giro erosoa bultzatzea lortu da"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50987,2021-04-15,"The argumentative competence has a great importance in the teaching and learning of the sciences, and it is a competence that throughout the years has been little developed and debated. Arguing is a competence that must be explicitly and deeply worked in the teachinglearning processes of sciences. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the argumentative capacity and the willingness to teach arguments to the fourth-year students of Infant and Primary Education that are about to finish their degree in Vitoria-Gasteiz. To carry out this project, an investigation has been carried out by means of a designed questionnaire. This research work has shown that in the students who are about to finish the degree, the understanding of science has been reinforced and that thanks to the degrees carried out by the teacher and teacher of the immediate future, they have worked and developed the argumentative capacity. In conclusion, it can be stated that they have shown a sufficiently defined and developed argumentative capacity and that they are willing to teach how to argue, although they must continue to be trained.","Argudiaketa gaitasunak garrantzia handia du zientzien irakaskuntzan eta ikaskuntzan, eta urteetan zehar honen formakuntza gutxi garatu eta eztabaidatu den konpetentzia da. Argudiatzea zientzien irakaskuntza-ikaskuntza prozesuetan esplizituki eta sakonki landu beharreko gaitasuna da. Horretarako, lan honetan, gradua bukatzear dauden Haur eta Lehen Hezkuntzako Gasteizko laugarren mailako ikasleak argudiatzen irakasteko prest dauden eta haien argudiatzeko gaitasuna nolakoa den aztertu da. Hau aurrera eramateko ikerketa bat burutu da diseinaturiko galdetegi baten bitartez. Ikerketa lan honek erakutsi du  gradua bukatzear dauden ikasleengan zientziaren ulermena indartu dela, eta etorkizun hurbileko maisu eta maistrak egindako graduei esker argudiaketa gaitasuna landu eta garatu dutela. Amaituz, argudiaketa gaitasuna egoki definitua eta garatua adierazi dutela eta argudiatzen irakasteko prest eta gai daudela, nahiz eta formatzen jarraitu, esan daiteke."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/53945,2021-11-22,"The growth in the volume of data has caused a change in strategy when it comes to storing information and making use of it. Through machine learning algorithms, companies have migrated to a business model based on obtaining value propositions from generated data. These value propositions are translated into services for the companies’ clients.
In this project the structure of a data-oriented company is replicated. Making use of user information and their transactions available in a data lake, respecting their privacy, profiles are created and a value proposition is shown to users of the banking sector. The value proposition is obtained by making use of machine learning.","Datu bolumenaren hazkundeak estrategia aldaketa eragin du datuen laku batean eskuragarri dagoen informazioa gordetzeko eta hura erabiltzeko orduan. Makina ikasteko algoritmoen bidez, enpresek negozio eredua batera migratu dute sortutako datuetatik balio proposamenak lortzean oinarrituta. Balio proposamen hauek enpresen bezeroentzako zerbitzu bihurtzen dira.
Lan honetan datuetara bideratutako konpainiaren egitura errepikatzen da. Erabiltzaileen informazioa eta haien transakzioak erabiliz, haien pribatutasuna errespetatuz, profilak sortzen dira eta banku sektoreko erabiltzaileei balio proposamen bat erakusten zaie. Balio proposamena ikaskuntza automatikoa erabiliz lortzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14363,2015-02-06,"The current socio-economic situation makes entrepreneurship a vital factor for the economic development of society and universities must be relevant agents in creating new ideas and entrepreneurial ventures. The current university has an obligation to facilitate entrepreneurship within it, and to do so, it conducts different entrepreneurial assistance programs. In this paper the theoretical basis governing the transfer of knowledge are laid out and different programs that various universities carry out are analyzed in order to identify possible areas of improvement.",Egungo egoera sozioekonomikoak gizartearen garapen ekonomikorako ekintzailetza guztiz beharrezkoa egiten du eta horretarako unibertsitatea agente garrantzitsua izan behar da ideia eta enpresa berriak sortzerako orduan. Gaur egungo unibertsitatearen betebehar nagusien artean ekintzailetzaren promozioa dago eta hau aurrera eramateko unibertsitateek hainbat programa jartzen dituzte abian. Lan honetan jakintzaren transmisioaren oinarri teorikoa azaltzen da eta hainbat unibertsitatek aplikatzen dituzten programak aztertzen dira hobekuntza aukera posiibleak identifikatzeko.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28311,2013,"In 2010 an article about the It. XXXIV of the Antonine Itinerary going through Haro (La Rioja) was published in El Miliario Extravagante. Thanks to the measurement in Greek miles, a new route between Virovesca and Pompaelo was proposed. We suggest a critical thought about the sources used by the author and his method to interpretate the historical and archeological landscape of La Puebla de Arganzón, which he identifies with the mansio of Veleia.","2010. urtean Antoninoren Ibilbidearen It. XXXIV-a Haron (Errioxa) nondik pasatzen zen inguruko artikulu bat argitaratu zen El Miliario Extravagante aldizkarian. Mansioen arteko distantzia neurtzeko mila greziarrak erabiliz, ibilbide berri bat proposatu zen Virovesca eta Pompaelo artean. Gure helburua autoreak Veleia mansioarekin identifikatzen duen La Puebla de Arganzon-en ikuspegi historiko eta arkeologikoa interpretatzeko erabilitako iturri eta metodoen hausnarketa kritikoa egitea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36838,2019-12-12,"ABSTRACT: 
The purpose of this project is to optimize the transmission of energy in the air lines to improve the evacuation of energy generated by wind farms. The ampacity is the maximum current that can flow through a conductor without causing damage to it, which depends on the characteristics of the conductor and the environmental conditions of the place where it is placed.  It is important to know the ampacity reached for the different climatologic situations, which is calculated in the study by programming R software, based on the data obtained by sensors installed in Sakana. Some of the companies in the electric field assume certain conditions to supply the line on a constant basis over a period of time. Therefore, the study is based on the comparison of the current obtained by the assumed conditions, and the ampacity calculated by real-time monitoring systems. In turn, a comparison is made between the different sensors used for monitoring.","LABURPENA 
Proiektu honen helburua aireko linien transmisioa optimizatzea da, parke eolikoetan sortutako energiaren ebakuazio-prozesua hobetzeko. Anpazitatea, eroale batetik zirkulatu dezakeen korronte maximoari deritzo, betiere, eroaleak kalterik jasotzen ez duela ziurtatuz. Kontuan hartzekoa da eroalearen ezaugarriek eta ingurugiroko egoerek anpazitatean eragina dutela.  Hala, egoera klimatologiko ezberdinetan lortutako anpazitatea ezagutzea garrantzitsua da. Sakanan kokatutako sentsoreek jasotako datuak erabiliko dira R software-aren bidez kalkulua burutzeko. Esparru elektrikoko enpresa batzuek, egoera klimatologikoak suposatzen dituzte denbora tarte batean, konduktoretik korronte balio konstantea zirkularazteko. Horregatik, proiektua suposatutako egoeretatik kalkulatutako korronte konstantearen eta monitorizazio sistemak erabiliz kalkulatutako anpazitatearen arteko konparaketan oinarritzen da. Gainera, monitorizazioan erabilitako sentsore ezberdinen arteko konparaketa burutzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/17635,2016-03-16,"Our society has chosen the route of industrialization and consumption. In general we have become men and women living in a city forgetting about our natural environment. In order to deal with this there are initiatives in favour of ecology. In this work, literature and nature have been looked at. A narratological analysis of the book ""The Carnival of animals"" (1999) has been carried out and it has been linked with ecocriticism, in order to derive the benefits it can have on the school.","Gure gizarteak industrializazio eta kontsumorako bidea hartu du. Orokorrean hiriko emakume-gizonak bihurtu gara, inguru naturala ahaztuz. Horren aurrean ekologiaren aldeko ekintzak daude. Lan honetan literatura eta natura aztertu egin dira. Felipe Juaristiren Animalien Inauteria (1999) liburuaren azterketa narratologikoa egin da eta ekokritikarekin erlazionatu da, ondoren eskolan izan ditzakeen onurak ondorioztatu ahal izateko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55314,2022-02-02,"In this paper, minors convicted in Spain for having committed a sexual crime between
2017 and 2019 are analyzed. The descriptive part synthesizes the literature related to the
typical characteristics that have been found in minors who committed said crimes.
Similarly, the databases that included the information that will be used for the analysis
are also studied; that is, the statistics of minors convicted for sexual crimes, carried out
by the National Institute of Statistics.
In the empirical part, various hypotheses tests are carried out, both of homogeneity and
proportions, in order to study the evolution and distribution of these minors, using for the
homogeneity tests, both the asymptotic approximation to a Pearson’s χ² distribution, and
the exact distribution obtained in García Pérez and Núñez Antón (2018), to be able to
compare the results obtained in both approaches. Finally, some brief conclusions and
recommendations are included.","Dokumentu honetan, 2017 eta 2019 urteen artean sexu delituren bat egin izanagatik
Espainian kondenatutako adingabeak aztertzen dira. Zati deskriptiboan aipatutako
delituak egiten dituzten adingabeetan aurkitu diren ezaugarri tipikoekin lotutako literatura
sintetizatzen da. Era berean, datu baseak, nondik analisirako erabiliko den informazioa
atera den, ere aztertzen dira, hau da, sexu delituengatik kondenatutako adingabeen
estatistikak, Estatistika Institutu Nazionalak egindakoak.
Zati enpirikoan, hainbat hipotesi-proba egiten dira, homogeneotasun eta proportziozkoak,
adingabeen datuen bilakaera eta banaketa aztertzeko. Homogeneotasun-probetarako, bai
Pearson χ² banaketarekiko hurbilketa asintotikoa, bai García Pérez eta Núñez Antón-en
(2018) lortutako banaketa zehatza, erabiliko dira, bietan lortutako emaitzak alderatu ahal
izateko. Azken zatian, zenbait ondorio eta gomendio labur biltzen dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19883,2016-12-19,"This report outlines the research undertaken for the installation of a wave energy plant off the coast of Sao Pedro de Moel, Portugal, which is to fulfill the town's electrical energy requirements. As well as making progress in the use of wave energy, this project will contribute towards the production of energy without the generation of polluting gases. The viability of different devices will be assessed on the base of the data and articles collected about the site, taking into account various technical and economic aspects in order to select the most appropriate solution.","Lan honen helburua, Portugaleko São Pedro de Moel herriaren eskaera elektrikoa hornitzea da herri honen kostaldean olatu-energia zentral bat kokatuz. Proiektua bideragarria den jakiteko faktore ezberdinen ikerketa egingo da. Proiektu honen bidez, olatuen ustiapen teknologikoan aurrerapausu handia emateaz gain, gas kutsakorren isurpena ekidituz elektrizitatea sortuko da. Kokalekuak dituen datu eta ikerketak behatuta dispositibo ezberdinak azterktuko dira sistema guzti honen garapena posiblea den ikusteko. Irtenbiderik egokiena hautatzeko alde tekniko eta ekonomikoak kontuan hartuko dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/37158,2019-12-20,"(English)
This final degree project will consist in designing the process sheet of the output shaft of an endless screw reducer. For that, first of all, the properties and characteristics the piece must have for its correct functioning will be analyzed. Then, a material that meets the previously specified requirements, and a machine suitable for machining the piece have been selected, based on a previous analysis. After that, once the machining operations to be carried out have been defined, the tools to be used and the cutting parameters required for each of them have been specified. Finally, the process sheet of the piece has been elaborated using the data obtained.","(Euskera)
Gradu amaierako lan hau torloju amaigabe-koroa motako abiadura-erreduktore baten irteera-ardatzaren mekanizazio prozesu orria diseinatzean datza. Horretarako, lehenik eta behin piezak duen funtzioa behar bezala bete dezan, honek izan behar dituen propietate eta ezaugarriak aztertuko dira. Jarraian, zehazturiko eskakizun horiek betetzen dituen material bat, eta pieza mekanizatzeko egokia den makina bat aukeratu dira, aurretik egindako analisi batean oinarrituz. Ondoren, behin piezari egin beharreko mekanizazio eragiketak definituta, hauetako bakoitzean erabiliko den erreminta eta berau gauzatzeko beharrezkoak diren ebaketa parametroak zehaztu dira. Azkenik, kalkulaturiko datu horiekin guztiekin, piezaren mekanizazio prozesu orria bete da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57119,2022-08-02,"Conventional manufacturing systems are transitioning towards a more flexible production,
capable of heading-on current market demands. Within this new model of production and
manufacturing, Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) play a crucial role in giving actual industry
two fundamental characteristics in flexible manufacturing systems: Connectivity and
Decentralization.
Research in the autonomous transport subject has focused mainly on the designing of algorithms
and development of tools and software libraries for the integration of multiple components.
Nevertheless, researchers have omitted the interaction necessities (connectivity) that come up
among AGVs and other fabrication assets in distributed and volatile workspaces such as
Advanced Fabrication Systems or Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS). On this matter, the
state of the art reflects that those requirements of connectivity between robotic and non-robotic
assets lack support from principal robotic frameworks.
Multi-agent systems have proved to be suitable for the requirements of connectivity and
decentralization of the manufacturing assets in different industrial environments. Hence, the
concept of ""Industrial Agent"" is known as an implementation of the concept of ""I4.0 Component""
(a particularization of a Cypher-physical System in accordance with the RAMI 4.0 reference
architecture.) among software agents. Thus, there is a line of research focused on the development
of agent technologies in robotic frameworks.
All in all, this project contributes to the integration of AGVs as Industrial Agents within
FlexManSys, a management platform of manufacturing applications developed by the research
group GCIS from the UPV/EHU. This integration is formed by the definition of an interface, at
an operative level, carried out with ROS for the AGV; the designing of communication protocols
and mechanisms for the exchange of data and information between the asset and its associated
agent; and the definition of an interface, in a service level, within the agent for the virtual
management of the AGV (concept of Asset Administration Shell from RAMI 4.0 architecture).
Besides, among the concept validation checks, the launch and start-up of an autonomous
navigation system based on SLAM techniques in a Turtlebot2 robot are described.","Ohiko fabrikazio sistemak ekoizpen eredu malguago baterako trantsizioan murgilduta daude,
merkatuaren egungo eskaerei aurre egiteko gai dena. Ekoizpen eredu berri horretan, garraio
ibilgailu autonomoek (AGV) funtsezko zeregina dute industrian erabateko malgutasuna lortzeko
funtsezko diren bi ezaugarri lortzeko: konektibitatea eta deszentralizazioa.
Garraio autonomoaren arloko ikerketa, batez ere, algoritmoen diseinuan eta osagaiak integratzeko
ingeniaritzako tresnen eta liburutegien garapenean oinarritu da. Hala ere, Fabrikazio Sistema
Aurreratuek bereizten dituzten ingurune banatu eta aldakorretan, AGVen eta beste fabrikazio
aktibo batzuren artean sortzen diren elkarrekintza-premiei (konektibitatea) ez zaie arreta handirik
jarri. Alde horretatik, literaturaren berrikuspenak aktibo robotikoen eta ez-robotikoen arteko
konektibitate-baldintza horiek framework robotiko nagusien aldetik euskarririk ez dutela
erakusten du. Arazo horri, fabrikazio aktiboei adimen banatua (deszentralizazioa) emateko
beharra gehitu behar zaio, zereginak modu autonomoan egin ahal izateko (adibidez, nabigazioa)
eta gatazkak elkarlanean konpondu ahal izateko (adibidez, negoziazioa eta erabakiak modu
banatuan hartzea). Azken alderdi hori gaur egun aztergai da.
Agente anitzeko sistemek fabrikazio aktiboen konektibitate eta deszentralizazio baldintzak
hainbat industria ingurunetan betetzeko egokiak direla erakutsi dute; izan ere, Industria
Agentearen kontzeptua I4.0 Osagaia kontzeptuaren (RAMI 4.0 erreferentziazko arkitekturarekin
lerrokatuta dagoen Sistema Ziberfisikoaren kontzeptua, alegia) agente bidezko inplementazio gisa
ulertzen da. Horrela, framework robotikoetan agenteen teknologia aplikatzeari buruzko ikerketa
lerro bat dago.
Testuinguru honetan, lan honek AGVak industria agente gisa FlexManSys-en (UPV/EHUko
GCIS ikerketa taldeak fabrikazio-aplikazioak kudeatzeko garatu duen plataforma) integratu
daitezala laguntzen du. Integrazio honek honako alderdi hauek biltzen ditu: AGVaren eragiketa
mailako interfaze baten definizioa ROSen; aktiboaren eta hari lotutako agentearen artean datuak
trukatzeko mekanismoen hornidura; eta agentean zerbitzu mailako interfaze baten definizioa
AGVaren kudeaketa birtualerako (RAMI 4.0ren Asset Administration Shell kontzeptua). Gainera,
kontzeptu-proben barruan, TurtleBot2 robot batean SLAM tekniketan oinarritutako nabigazio
sistema autonomoaren martxan jartzea deskribatzen da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20026,2016-12-29,"10% of the world population suffers from dyslexia, and is an increasingly common disorder in Primary Education classrooms. ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) offer resources and advantages to work with children who suffer from dyslexia. Therefore, the aim of this project is to analyse the knowledge teachers have about dyslexia and options offered by ICT. To that end, a survey has been answered by 9 teachers of the first cycle of primary. The results show that most teachers do not know the main characteristics of dyslexia and the lack of training in ICT. So, a proposal for the future is made in order to improve teacher training in the area of ICT.","Munduko biztanleriaren %10ak dislexia pairatzen du, eta Lehen Hezkuntzako geletan gero eta gehiago ematen ari den nahastea da. IKTek (Informazio eta Komunikaziorako Teknologiak) dislexia duten umeekin lan egiteko baliabideak eta abantailak eskaintzen dituzte. Horregatik, lan honen helburu nagusia irakasleek dislexiari buruz eta teknologiek eskaintzen dituzten aukerei buruz dituzten ezagutzak aztertzea da. Ikerketa hau aurrera eramateko galdetegi bat erabili da, LHko lehen zikloko 9 irakaslek erantzun duena. Lortutako emaitzek agerian uzten dute irakasle gehienek ez dituztela dislexiaren ezaugarri nagusiak ezagutzen eta ez dutela formakuntza nahikorik IKTetan. Beraz, etorkizunerako proposamen bat egiten da, irakasleek IKTek eskaintzen dituzten abantailei buruz duten formakuntza hobetzeko helburuarekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20079,2017-01-09,"The aim of this Project is to create a multiple converter of different formats, firstly it is necessary to convert to MPEG-2 format and then to multiplex creating a Transport Stream. It is done by command line programming and using others tools to get the videos with the minimum of requirement to get the stream more complete. It is going to get with 8 videos of different formats, they are going to be converted into MPEG-2 and then, all of them are going to be multiplexed into a unique file TS.","Lan honen bitartez formatu anitzen conbersore bat egingo da, MPEG-2 formatura bihurtzeko, eta gero, guzti horiek elkartu Transport Stream bat lortzeko. Komando bitarteko programazioa erabiltzen da baita beste programa batzuk beharrezkoak diren bideoak eskuratzeko. Bideo hauek baldintza batzuk bete behar dituzte. Azkenean, 8 archibo desberdinekin lan egingo da, formatu desberdinekoak, MPEG-2an bihurtzeko, eta geroago denak fitxategi TS bakar batean edukitzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19666,2016-11-30,"The main objective of the Project entitled “Characterization of the saxophone using acoustical analysis techniques” is to characterize the sound of the instrument using techniques based on Fourier analysis. The saxophone is a woodwind instrument, made of brass, excited by a simple reed for. The player controls several elements in the system, including the air pressure in the mouthpiece and the bore geometry via keys. One of the reasons that make this project attractive is that it makes coexist and interact aspects from several domains such as acoustics, signal processing and music. Moreover, understanding the physical operation of the instrument is useful for learning to play the instrument. The activities completed are experimental system assembly, sound recording and timbre analysis of several notes, by means of psychoacousticparametercalculation.","“Saxofoiaren ezaugarritzea analisi akustikoaren teknikak erabilita” deituriko proiektuaren helburu nagusia Fourier-en analisian oinarritutako teknika ezberdinak erabiliz musika-tresnaren soinua ezaugarritzea da. Saxofoia letoiz egindako egurrezko haize musika-tresna mihiduna da. Instrumentistak zenbait erabaki hartu behar ditu honako hauek adibide direlarik: igorritako airearen presioa eta giltzak ireki edo ixtea hodiaren geometria zehazteko. Ikasketa honek alor ezberdinetako alderdiak kontuan hartzen ditu; akustika, seinalearen prozesaketa eta musika. Gainera, onuragarria da musika-tresnaren jokaera fisikoa ezagutzea musika-tresna jotzen ikasteko. Burututako jarduerak dira: sistema esperimentalaren muntaketa, zenbait noten irarketa eta analisi tinbrikoa, parametro psikoakustikoen kalkuluaren bidez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16440,2015-12-11,"This final grade paper bases itself on the fabrication of a sprocket for a competition motorcycle which aims to participate in Moto Student; universities´ competition among the world. Considering the existing alternatives, a study has been carried out in order to finish selecting an original and attractive technique: electrical discharge machining. Moreover, different critical decisions will be taken, such as the material to be used, or the mechanisation process prior to the electrical discharge machining, that abide by the requirements of an optimum and economically viable design.","Gradu amaierako lan honen xedea, lehiaketako motozikleten pinoi baten fabrikazioan datza. Pinoi zehatz hau, munduko unibertsitateen arteko lehiaketa, Moto Student-en, parte hartzera zuzendua da. Esparru honek eskaintzen dituen hautabide ezberdinen ikasketa burutu da, horrela, teknika berri eta erakargarria aukeratuz: hariz bidezko elektroerosioa. Ildo beretik jarraituz, garrantzizko beste erabaki batzuk ere hartuko dira, hala nola, erabili beharko diren materialak edo diseinuan optimoak eta ekonomikoki bideragarriak diren elektroerosioaren aurretiko mekanizazio prozesuak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/30295,2018-12-12,"Abstract
This project was developed a temperature control connected to the cloud and for
this has been used different technologies, known as IoT (Internet of Things) paradigm
that allows the connection of physical objects to the cloud.
The MQTT protocol allows the transfer of data to and from the cloud, specifically
in the case of this project are transferred the external and internal temperature from
Arduino that are connected with the sensors to the IoT runway which are connected to the
PLC.
As regards the implementation, the Arduino code was developed for reading the
temperature sensors and uploading data to the IoT ThingSpeak platform through a GSPR
shield. On the other hand, the operating system of the IoT2020 gateway and the Node-
RED application have been configured for downloading the temperature data and the
implementation of the control logic of the actuators through the PLC.
Keywords:","Laburpena
Proiektu honen bitartez hodeira konektatutako tenperaturaren kontrol bat garatu da eta hartarako teknologia desberdinak erabili dira IoT (Of Things Internet) paradigma bezala ezagutzen denaren barruan, hodeiaren eta objektu fisikoen konexioa baimentzen duena.
MQTT-a protokoloak hodeirantz eta hodeitik datu-transferentzia baimentzen du, zehazki proiektu honen kasuan kanpoko eta barruko tenperaturari buruzko datuak transferitzen dira sentsoreak konektatuta dauden Arduino-tik IoT2020 pasabideraino, PLC-a konektatuta dagoena.
Inplementazioari dagokionez tenperatura sentsoreen irakurketa eta datu igoera IoT ThingSpeak plataformara GPRS shield baten bitartez burutzen duen Arduino-ren kodea garatu da. Bestalde, IoT2020 pasagunearen sistema eragilea eta Node-RED aplikazioa itxuratu dira, tenperaturaren datuen deskargarako eta PLC bidez eragingailuen kontroleko logikaren inplementaziorako."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20105,2017-01-09,"This paper aims to analyze the educational nature of free play during the first years of life. To do this, we conducted a study in which we have analyzed the activity and behavior of twenty-five 3 and 4 years aged infants while they were playing freely. Identifying the maturational aspects involved in playing and the developmental differences between children of the related ages has been the aim of our work. The results show the educational value of free playing in social, language and cognitive level and further maturational development in girls.","Bizitzaren lehendabiziko urteetan jolas libreak duen heziketa-balioa aztertzea dugu lan honen helburu. Horretarako, 3 eta 4 urtetako 25 haurrek jolas librean izandako jarduera eta portaera analizatzen duen ikerketa gauzatu dugu. Jolasaren bidez zein heltze-alderdi lantzen diren eta neska eta mutilen artean dauden garapen-desberdintasunak topatzea izan dira xedeak. Lortutako emaitzek jolas libreak giza-, hizkuntza- eta kognitibo-mailetan duen heziketa-garrantzia eta heltze-garapen handiagoa neskeengan adierazten dute."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/28307,2013,"Reduced cooking wares are the most common artefact found in medieval sites of Northern Iberia.
Recently, a new piece of research about these potteries has been undergone, building upon the
previous results of the chemical and petrographic characterization of vessels from the medieval
kiln-site of Cabrera d’Anoia, Catalonia. The main goal was to deepen into the distribution of these
vessels throughout the landscape and to identify other ceramic groups, existing at the same time than Cabrera’s production. Accordingly, an assemblage of 170 contemporary 11-16th Century grey
pottery sherds from 20 sites placed in the nearby area, within a 60-km-wide radius from the kilnsite,
have been analyzed by means of X-Ray Fluorescence and ceramic petrography of thin-sections.
From the preliminary results obtained, we offer a first approach to the production and distribution
of cooking vessels in the area of Anoia during medieval and late medieval times.","Sukalde-zeramika erreduktorea ipar penintsulako Erdi Aroko aztarnategien aurkikuntza ohikoenetariko
bat da. Cabrera d’Anoia-ko (Katalunia) buztinolaren karakterizazio kimiko eta petrografikoaren
ondorioz, zeramika hauen inguruko ikerkuntza berrartu da duela gutxi. Ikerketaren honen helburu
nagusia, ikerlan hau erreferentzia-talde bezala erabiliz, zeramika hauen banaketa bideak lurraldean
arakatzea eta aipaturiko buztinolaren ekoizpenarekin bizikide diren beste talde zeramiko batzuekin
parekatzea da. Horretarako, buztinolaren garaikide (XI-XVI. mendeak) den zeramika griseko 170
zati multzoa aztertu da. Multzo hau Cabrera d’Anoiako inguruko 60 km-etako erradioan dauden 20
aztarnategitatik dator eta X Izpietako Fluoreszentzia eta lamina meheko ikerketa petrografikoaren
bidez aztertu egin da. Lortutako aurretiazko emaitzen bidez, lan honetan Anoia eremuan Tarteko
eta Behe Erdi Aroko sukalde-zeramikaren ekoizpenari eta banaketari buruzko lehen hurbilketa aurkezten
dugu."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23276,2017-07,"Respiratory rate and its alterations are important predictors of a patient’s health
deterioration. However, respiratory rate is sometimes inadequately recorded by hospital staff,
partially due to the absence of a reliable automated technique to measure it. The
electrocardiogram (ECG) has been proposed by several authors in recent years as a source of
reliable respiratory information.
The objective of this project is to examine and compare different algorithms to estimate
respiratory rate from a single-lead ECG. This would allow the monitoring of respiratory rate in
ambulatory care situations where only ECG is available, thus avoiding the need to use additional
equipment.
Two algorithms will be used to accomplish this goal. The first algorithm uses respiratory
sinus arrhythmia (RSA), that is the modulation of the heart rate caused by respiration. The second
algorithm is based on the amplitude modulation of the ECG caused by respiration, more
specifically of the R-peak amplitude, and is called ECG Derived Respiration (EDR). To apply these
algorithms, an automatic beat detector must first be implemented, which must be very accurate in
the detection of the R-peak wave. Next, the respiratory rate is obtained from the ECG signal using
both algorithms. Finally, the results obtained will be evaluated, so that it will be possible to verify
the effectiveness of the algorithms.","Arnasketa-maiztasuna eta maiztasunean ematen diren alterazioak pazienteen egoeraren
txartzearen aurrekari garrantzitsuak dira. Tamalez, arnasketa-maiztasuna batzuetan gaizki
grabatzen da ospitaleetan, neurri batean neurketa automatikorako teknika fidagarririk ez
dagoelako. Zenbait autorek elektrokardiograma (EKG) seinalea proposatu dute azken urteotan
arnas informazio iturri fidagarri gisa.
Proiektu honen helburua azaleko EKG kanal batetatik arnasketa-maiztasuna
kalkulatzeko algoritmo ezberdinak aztertu eta alderatzea da. Honek arnas-maiztasunaren
monitorizazioa ahalbidetuko luke monitorizazio anbulategiko agertokietan, agertoki hauetan
sarritan EKG seinalea soilik eskuragarri baitago, ekipamendu gehigarria erabiltzeko beharra
saihestuz.
EKG bidezko arnasketa-monitorizaziorako bi algoritmo garatu eta aztertu dira.
Lehenengoa arnasketak bihotz maiztasunean eragiten dituen aldaketetan (RSA, Respiratory Sinus
Arrhythmia) oinarrituta dago, eta bihotz-taupaden arteko denbora tarteak erabiltzen du. Bigarrena
arnasketak EKGaren anplitudean eragiten duen modulazioan oinarritzen da, espezifikoki Ruhinaren
gailurrean, eta EDR (ECG-Derived Respiration) deritzo. Algoritmo hauek garatzeko,
lehenengo taupada-detektore automatikoa garatuko da, R-uhinen detekziorako oso zehatza dena.
Jarraian, arnasketa-maiztasuna lortzeko EKG-seinalean oinarritutako bi algoritmoak garatuko dira.
Azkenik, lortutako emaitzak ebaluatuko dira algoritmoen eraginkortasuna egiaztatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/52094,2021-06-30,"Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the physical effects of a soccer half-season in female soccer players. 
Methodology: Sixteen elite soccer players, from the female second league “Reto Iberdrola Norte”, participated. Trained and played minutes were registered during 21 training weeks, of which 6 were part of the preseason and 15 of the seasons. Totally 63.5 ± 29.5 training were performed, 34 trainings the less trained player and 94 the most trained player; 20 matches were played, in preseason 6 and 14 official matches during the season. For these, some test was performed in the preseason (T1), endurance test in Christmas break (T2Endurance) and on February strength test (T2Strength). Thus, these tests can be divided in two groups: a) lower limb power, jump and hop test as Vertical Unilateral Drop Jump (VUDJ), Vertical Unilateral CounterMovement Jump (VUCMJ) and Cross-over Hop Test (CHT); b) endurance test, Buchheit´s 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15IFT). Also, trained and played minutes were registered from the first training in the preseason to the last one before Christmas break, that were related with T2Endurance analysing the effect of the minutes in the aerobic capacity. So, in this work are two different studies: a) to analyse the relationships between T1 and T2Strength and b) to analyse the relationships between trained and played minutes with T1 and T2Endurance.
Results: Focusing on results, dominant DJ 1 (DJ Dom 1) and no dominant DJ 1(DJ No Dom1) (r=,922; n=8; SEE=,818); DJ Dom 2 and DJ No Dom 2 (r=,939; n=8; SEE=,914) were data obtained. Observing the percentual change (Δ %) between DJ tests (r=,934; n=8; SEE=1,017), CMJ (r=,728; n=8; SEE=9,782) also CHT (r=,898; n=7; SEE=5,155). Should me added, between Δ % CHT Dom y Δ % CMJ Dom was a significant correlation (r=,811; n=6; SEE=2,942). Among CMJ Dom 1; and maximal speed obtained (VIFT) in endurance test, VIFT 1 a relation was founded (r= ,836; n=5; SEE=1,32). CMJ Dom 1 and the mean of minutes trained and played (Prom Mins M/T) was correlated (r=,656; n=6; SEE=1,81). Also, a relation was founded between endurance tests (r=,646; n=15; SEE=,933). In relation to aerobic capacity, we founded relation between played minutes with maximal speed achieved (VIFT) on the 30-15IFT. On average, those players who played more (Prom Mins M), their endurance was improved, with a correlation between Δ VIFT and Prom Mins M (r=,503; n=13; SEE=10,657). A relation among VIFT 1 and Δ % VIFT (r= ,573; n=13; SEE=,88). To conclude with results, we founded a correlation between VIFT 2 and Prom Mins M (r= ,485; n=13; SEE=,887).
Conclusions: Knee extensor strength was maintained or decline during the first half of the season because of fatigue, training specificity scarcity. The trained and played minutes had positive effects on aerobic ability. The importance of aerobic ability on soccer players underline the relation between VIFT and played minutes. For maintaining or improve strength values during the season and as effect of played minutes those players who do not improve their aerobic ability, putting into their training planification some dose of non-specific work is recommended. Even so, as optimal volume as intensity of these work is pending investigate in female soccer players.","Helburua: Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburua, denboraldi erdi batek emakumezko futbol jokalariengan duen eragin fisikoa aztertzea zen. 
Metodologia: Hamasei elitezko emakume futbol jokalari, bigarren mailan “Reto Iberdrola Norte” ligan jokatzen zutenak parte hartu zuten. Horretarako aurredenboraldian egindako testak (T1), gabonetako geldialdian eginiko erresistentzia testa (T2Erresistentzia) eta otsailean eginiko indar adierazleen testak (T2Indarra) kontuan hartu ziren. Aipatutako moduan, testak bi multzotan banatu genituen: a) behe gorputz ataleko potentzia adierazle testak, jauzi testak zirenak, Vertical Unilateral Drop Jump (VUDJ), Vertical Unilateral CounterMovement Jump (VUCMJ) eta Cross-over Hop Test (CHT); b) erresistentzia testa, Buchheit-en 30-15IFT-a egin zen. Entrenamendu zein jokatutako partiduen minutuak 21 astez erregistratu ziren, aurredenboraldiko 6 aste eta 15 aste denboraldian zehar. Guztira, 63.5 ± 29.5 entrenamendu burutu zituzten, gutxienak 34 eta gehienak 93, eta 20 partidu burutu zituzten, aurredenboraldi garaian, lagun arteko 6 eta 14 partidu ofizial. Horretaz gain, aurredenboralditik gabonetako geldialdiraino entrenatutako zein jokatutako minutu kopurua kontuan hartu zen, ondoren minutu horiek T2Erresistentzian izango zituzkeen eraginak aztertu genituen. Beraz, lan honen barne bi ikerketa daude: a) T1 eta T2Indarra-ren emaitzak aztertzea, eta b) Entrenatutako eta jokatutako minutu kopuruak eta T1 eta T2Erresistentzia
dituzten eraginak aztertzea. 
Emaitzak: Emaitzei erreparatuz; DJ dominantea (Dom) 1 eta DJ ez dominantea (No Dom) 1-en (r=,922; n=8; SEE=,818); eta DJ Dom 2 eta DJ No Dom 2 (r=,939; n=8; SEE=,914) izanik. Testen arteko aldaketen ehunekoak (Δ %) ikusiz, DJ (r=,934; n=8; SEE=1,017), CMJ (r=,728; n=8; SEE=9,782) edota CHT (r=,898; n=7; SEE=5,155). Gehitu beharra dago, Δ % CHT Dom eta Δ % CMJ Dom artean korrelazio bat dago (r=,811; n=6; SEE=2,942). CMJ Dom 1; eta erresistentzia testean lortutako abiadura maximoa (VIFT), VIFT 1aren arteko harreman bat zegoen (r= ,836; n=5; SEE=1,32). CMJ 1 eta entrenaturiko zein jokatutako bataz besteko minutuen (Prom Mins M/T) artean harremana ikusi genuen (r=,656; n=6; SEE=1,81). Azkenik, erresistentzia alorrean zentratuz, entrenaturiko edota jokatutako minutuen eta VIFT aztertu genituen. 30-15IFT testetan, hobekuntza bat egon zen, bi testen artean korrelazio esanguratsu bat egonik (r=,646; n=15; SEE=,933). Bataz bestez jokatutako partidu minutuak (Prom Mins M) gero eta gehiago jokatu zutenek, beraien Δ VIFT gehiago hobetu zuten; harreman txiki bat zegoelako Δ VIFT eta Prom Mins M-aren artean (r=,503; n=13; SEE=10,657). VIFT 1 eta Δ % VIFT artean harremana zegoen (r= ,573; n=13; SEE=,88). Emaitzekin bukatzeko, VIFT 2 eta Prom mins M-en artean erlazioa zegoen (r= ,485; n=13; SEE=,887).
Konklusioak: Belaun estentsiogileen indarra mantendu edo okertzen da denboraldiak sortzen duen nekea, indar indibidualizatu gutxi egiteagatik. Entrenatutako eta jokatutako minutuak eragin positiboa izan zuten jokalarien gaitasun aerobikoan. Gaitasun aerobikoaren garrantzia emakumezko futbolean VIFT vs jokatutako minutuen arteko harremanak azpimarratzen ditu. Indarra denboraldian hobetzeko edo ez galtzeko, eta gaitasun aerobikoa entrenamendu gehi partiduen eraginarekin hobetzen ez dutenentzat, lan inespezifiko ziriak sartzea gomendagariia izango litzake. Hala ere, hauen intentsitate eta bolumen optimoa ezartzeko emakumezko futbolean ikerketa gehiago behar dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/20025,2016-12-29,"The objective of this study is the analysis of the relationship between social and family risk factors and behavioural characteristics in pre-schoolers. Data have been obtained from a sample of 471 children, from the information provided by their teachers through the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ - Goodman). Results indicate that children from families with a low o very low socioeconomic and cultural level have more behavioural problems than those from families with a medium o high socioeconomic and cultural level. The main conclusion is that there is a relationship between the social and family environment and the psychological and behavioural distress of pre-schoolers, which could be the antecedent of later problems.","Ikerketa honen helburua Haur Hezkuntzako bigarren zikloko haurren arrisku faktore soziofamiliarren  eta jarrera ezaugarrien arteko harremana aztertzea da. Datuak 471 ikasleren lagin batetik lortu dira, hauen irakasleek erraztutako informazioaren bidez, SDQ Goodman-en irakasleentzako Gaitasun eta Zailtasun Galdetegia erabilita. Lortutako emaitzek adierazi duten moduan, maila sozioekonomiko edota kultural baxu edo oso baxuko familietako haurrek jarrera arazo gehiago eta jarrera prosozial gutxiago izan ohi dituzte erdi maila edo maila altuko familietako haurrekin alderatuta. Ondorio nagusia Haur Hezkuntzako haurrengan ingurune soziofamiliarraren eta jarrerazko edo alterazio psikologikoen artean harremana dagoela izan da, ikasleen etorkizuneko arazoen aurrekari izan daitekeena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/27816,2018-06-29,"The “Power-to-Gas” technology (PtG or P2G) consists of converting electrical energy (usually from intermittent sources like renewable energy sources) into chemical energy, producing renewable methane or renewable hydrogen. These produces could be used to reconvert into electricity, when the supply and the demand are not balanced, as a heat source by combustion, as a fuel in the area of mobility and so on. One of its main advantages lies in the fact that the product of the process (H2 or CH4) could be injected into the current gas grid and, thus, it is not necessary to build new infrastructures for it. Moreover, the resultant gas of the process (Methane or Hydrogen) is a eco-friendly gas which does not rise the percentage of atmospheric CO2, resulting in a neutral balance of CO2.
The main power distribution companies do not seem indifferent to the current environmental situation and it has decided to rethink the situation of its natural gas combined cycle plants. Among the many future options for these plants is the conversion into PtG plants, seeking to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, creating a more sustainable and eco-friendly business structure.","“Power-to-Gas” (PtG o P2G) teknologia, energia elektrikoa energia kimikoaren bihurketan datza, azkenengo hau hidrogeno edo metano egoeran. Produktu hauek energia elektrikoan  berriro bihurtzeko erabili daitezke eskaria eskaintza elektrikoa baino handiagoa denean edo errekuntzako bero-iturri gisa. Abantaila nagusietako bat, prozesuaren ondoriozko produktua lehendik dagoen gasaren kanalizazio sarera injektatu daiteke, azpiegitura gehiago eraikitzeko beharrik gabe. Halaber, prozesuaren ondoriozko gasa (metanoa edo hidrogenoa) gas ""berdea"" da CO2-aren atmosferako ehunekoa handitzen ez duena, honen emaitza CO2-aren oreka neutroa da.
Banaketa elektrikoen enpresak ez dira axolagabeak ingurumenaren inguruko egoerara eta ziklo konbinatuko zentralen egoera berraztertu du. Etorkizunerako aukera askoren artean zentral hauetarako, PtG zentraletara konbertsioa egitea da, negutegi efektuko gasen emisioen murrizketaren bilaketan, ingurumena errespetatzen duen enpresa-egitura iraunkorragoa sortuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63281,2023-11-30,"This study analyses a project to implement a modern ERP system. The background and motivations of ERP and the company are mentioned, it is necessary to know the background that has led to this activity in order to understand the steps that are taken during the development. Aspects such as the decision to start the implementation, the choice of the program and the way to implement it, as well as other aspects of interest are discussed. In this particular case, reference is made to the methodology used and the steps followed by the company. The importance of the modules selected to be able to carry out a simple but well-organized production process is established. Reference is made to the organization of the company and how each company must be analyzed when new technologies such as this one are to be implemented. The benefits and risks are explained, as well as the process to be carried out after implementation and the budget to be paid. As this is a relatively new technology, it is necessary to know about other studies carried out and compare the processes in order to know the steps to follow in the coming years.","Azterlan honek ERP sistema moderno bat inplementatzeko proiektu bat aztertzen du. ERP eta enpresaren aurrekariak eta motibazioak aipatzen dira, jarduera hori egitera bultzatu duena jakin behar da, egiten diren urratsak ulertu ahal izateko. Hainbat alderdi lantzen dira, hala nola inplementazioari ekiteko erabakia, programaren aukeraketa eta inplementatzeko modua eta beste alderdi interesgarri batzuk. Kasu zehatz honetan zer erabili den metodologia aipatzen da eta zeintzuk izan diren enpresak jarraitu dituen pausoak. Hautatutako moduluen garrantzia ezartzen da, ekoizpen-prozesu erraza baina ondo antolatua egin ahal izateko. Enpresako antolakuntza aipatzen da eta nola enpresa bakoitzaren analisia egin behar den honelako teknologia berriak ezarri nahi direnean. Onurak eta arriskuak ezagutu ezarpenaren ostean egin beharreko metodologia azaltzen da, eta horrekin batera ordaindu beharreko aurrekontua. Teknologia berri samarra denez, beharrezkoa da egindako beste azterlan batzuk ezagutzea eta prozesuak alderatzea, datozen urteetan egin beharreko urratsak ezagutzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23358,2017-09,"This project consists of the development of a methodology to simulate and optimize the main equipment of a geothermal plant in a building with 26 houses. It is considered a topic of great interest since it is not a technology widely used today. In addition, the residential sector is a key sector in the current energy context as it has important energy needs as well as a great energy saving potential. Throughout this project, the adopted methodology will be explained, and the improvements obtained for the specific case presented in this study will be exposed. Besides, an analysis of alternative solutions is included in order to offer a greater knowledge about the analyzed topic.","Proiektu hau 26 etxebizitzako eraikin bateko geotermia instalazioa osatzen duten ekipamendu nagusiak simulatzea eta optimizatzea baimentzen duen metodologia garatzean datza. Interes handikotzat hartzen da, gaur egun ez bait da asko erabiltzen den teknologia. Gainera, egoitza sektorea garrantzi handikoa kontsideratzen da gaur egungo testuinguru energetikoan, zeren behar energetiko handiak baititu eta aldi berean energia aurrezteko potentzial handia ere baitu. Lanean zehar hartuko metodologia azalduko da, baita lan honek bere gain hartzen dituen proiektuaren hobekuntzak ere. Honez gain, bere barne hartzen ditu konponbide honen aukeren analisia, planteatutako ikerketari buruzko jakintza handiagoa eskaintzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55328,2022-02-02,"The	extraordinary	development	recently	experienced	by	neurosciences	has	upsetting	traditional	
assumptions	about	the	basis	of	human	behavior	and	decision-making.	Its	consequences	in	the	
field	 of	 marketing	 have	 meant	 the	 emergence	 of	 neuromarketing	 and	 a	 ""revolution""	 for	
traditional	marketing	in	 terms	of	 the	way	of	understanding	consumer	behavior,	 the	 research	
techniques	used	and	the	strategies	developed.	
Among	 the	latter,	 two	 stand	out	due	 to	 their	growing	importance	and	expansion:	emotional	
marketing	and	sensory	marketing.	
The	fact	of	using	feelings	and	emotions;	the	senses	and	feelings	of	consumers	in	order	to	satisfy,	
create	 or	 modify	 needs	 and	 desires	 has	 given	 rise	 to	 a	 growing	 debate	 about	 its	 ethical	
implications,	 since	 companies	 can	 use	 the	 information	 obtained	 for	 their	 own	 benefit	 by	
""manipulating""	the	consumer	in	this	way.	
It	is	currently	an	open	debate	on	which	no	clear	and	firm	conclusion	has	been	reached,	as	it	has	
many	different	opinions	on	the	subject.","Neurozientziek	duela	gutxi	izandako	garapen	apartak	giza	portaeraren	eta	erabakiak	hartzearen	
oinarriei	 buruzko	 suposizio	 tradizionalak	 nahastu	 ditu.	 Marketinaren	 arloan	 izan	 dituen	
ondorioek	 neuromarketina	 sortzea	 ekarri	 dute,	 eta	 marketin	 tradizionalerako	 ""iraultza""	 bat,	
kontsumitzailearen	portaera,	erabilitako	ikerketa-teknikak	eta	garatutako	estrategiak	ulertzeko	
moduari	dagokionez.
Azken	hauen	artean,	bi	nabarmentzen	dira,	gero	eta	garrantzi	eta	hedapen	handiagoa	dutelako:	
marketin	emozionala	eta	marketin	sentsoriala.
Kontsumitzaileen	 sentimenduak	 eta	 emozioak,	 zentzumenak	 eta	 sentsazioak	 beharrak	 eta	
nahiak	asetzeko,	sortzeko	edo	aldatzeko	erabiltzeak	haien	inplikazio	etikoei	buruzko	eztabaida	
gero	 eta	 handiagoa	 eragin	 du,	 enpresek	 beren	 onurarako	 erabil	 baitezakete	 lortutako	
informazioa,	kontsumitzailea	""manipulatuz"".
Gaur	egun	irekita	 dagoen	eztabaida	 da,	eta	ez	 da	ondorio	argi	eta	irmorik	atera	 horri	 buruz,	
hainbat	iritzi	ezberdin	baititu	horren	inguruan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19362,2016-10-25,"The aim of this project is to propose a temporal structure to be built in the plot “C” of the San
Mames area. The design and structural calculus are included in the project, in order to guarantee
that using an affordable budget and without damaging the construction process of the definitive
building, this temporal building will give usefulness to the plot.","Proiektu honetan San Mameseko Ekipamenduetako alderako Plan Bereziaren baitan aurkitzen
den C partzelan eraikitzeko behin-behineko edo ordezko egitura proposatu, diseinatu eta
kalkulatu da. Egitura honek, etorkizuneko eraikina egin bitartean partzelari erabilgarritasun bat
ematea ahalbidetuko du, gaur egun eskuragarri dagoen aurrekontua erabiliz eta etorkizuneko
eraikinari trabarik jarri gabe."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16179,2015-11-24,"Institutional or political response and guidelines for air pollution prevention is determined by three issues: social pressure, legislation currently in force and available technology. Regarding the last point, biofiltration is an effective, affordable and sustainable technology whose success relies on the biodegrading activity of microorganisms that are attached onto a support material (biofilter´s bed).
The proper selection of the support material is crucial for ensuring a long and successful operation of the biofilters, and, consequently, it must be characterized prior to use. One of the aims of this work has been to identify the fundamental properties to be determined in a suitable packing material according to literature. As a conclusion, moisture retention capacity, specific surface, porosity and the physical and chemical stability of the material are the main preliminary properties to be established.
Additionally, another purpose of this work has been to determine the control parameters that should be measured in a biofilter on a routine basis. The pH, temperature, bed moisture content and pressure drop are recommended to be controlled on a regular basis in order to guarantee efficient operation.
Finally, an experimental work has been carried out in order to measure the pressure drop generated in three biofilters packed with three particular materials. These materials have been previously selected by the group Biofiltration of the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) for further research.
The pressure drop values measured during starting-up in the three biofilters were very low, although the upflow mode rendered slightly higher values than the dwonflow mode. Nevertheless, when the biofilters were waterflooded (simulating one troublesome episode), the pressure drop suddenly increased in the three beds, and then, it gradually decreased until initial values were reached.
On the basis of these results, the material with the lowest pressure drop values was recommended for biofiltration bed, although the other two supports were also adequate alternatives.","Egurats-kutsadurak sortutako ingurumen arazoei dagokienez, erakundeen ekintzak eta erantzunak baldintzaten dituzten arloak ondokoak dira: gizartearen presioa, indarrean dagoen legedia eta erabilgarri dagoen teknologia. Azken arlo horren barruan bioiragazketa deritzon teknologia aipa daiteke bereziki, eraginkorra, merkea eta iraunkorra delako. Mikroorganismoek molekula kutsatzaileak degradatzeko duten ahalmenean datza bioiragazketa. Sistema horretan, gasen korronte kutsatua ohantze finkoan zehar pasarazten da, eta ohantze solido horretan itsatsita dagoen biomasak biodegradatu egiten ditu kutsatzaileak.
Ohantzearen material solidoa edo euskarria ondo aukeratzea funtsezkoa da bioerreaktore horien funtzionamendua egokia izan dadin. Horretarako, materialaren oinarrizko propietateak aztertu behar dira erabili baino lehenago. Proiektu honetan oinarrizko propietate horiek zeintzuk diren finkatu da, errebisio bibliografiko sakonean oinarrituta. Eta, ondokoak dira: hezetasuna gordetzeko ahalmena, gainazal espezifikoa, porotasuna eta egonkortasun fisikoa eta kimikoa.
Beste alde batetik, kutsatzaileak egokiro degradatuak direla bermatzeko zenbait parametro neurtu behar dira ohiko eran bioerreaktorean edo bioiragazgailuan. Beraz, proiektu honen beste atal batean gutxienezko parametro horiek zeintzuk diren finkatu dira, bibliografian argitaraturiko argibidean oinarrituta. Kontrolerako parametro horiek ondokoak direla ondorioztatu da: pH-a, temperatura, ohantzearen hezetasun-maila eta presio-galerak.
Jarraian, hiru bioiragazgailutan sorturiko presio-galerak neurtzeko helburu izan duen lan esperimentala burutu da, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatearen (UPV/EHU) Bioiragazketa ikerketa-taldeak aukeraturiko hiru material euskarri erabilita.
Hiru bioiragazgailuak martxan jarri zirenean, presio-galerak oso baxuak izan ziren edozein kasutan, baina gorantzako fluxua elikatzen zenean apur bat handiagoak izan ziren beherantzako bidean baino. Hala ere, ohantzea urez bete zenean, unean uneko gorakada neurtu ziren hiru kasuetan, baina ondorengo egunetan presio-galerek beherantz egin zuten eta ohiko balioak errekuperatu ziren.
Presio-galeren datuetan oinarrituta, analizaturiko hiru euskarrien artean egokiena aukeratu zen, baina aipatu beharra dago beste biek ere antzeko portaera izan zutela, eta, beraz, aukera onak ere badirela."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25249,2003,"In Belgium it has been set in motion from 1998 in six prisons the project “detention aimed at the restoration”, of which their beginnings, contextual frame, development and structure are explained, as well as some aspects of its objectives. So that, some activities are examined: the prison staff training facing the necessary information and sensibilización to carry out the project; or the actions that stimulate the responsibility of the prisoners to make possible that its penalty focuses effectively on the restoration, emphasizing that this one does not have to be an isolated fact, but that it means a conscious connection of the project with the periphery of the prison, the “outer world”.","Berregokitzeari zuzendutako atxiloketa proiektua dago martxan Belgikan 1998. urtetik. Sei gartzelatan daramate proiektu hau. Artikulu honetan bere hasera, kontextua, ibilbidea eta antolaketaz hitzegiten da, baita dituzten helburu batzuetaz ere. Hainbat aktibitate aztertzen dira, pertsonalaren formakuntza, proiektua aurrera eramateko edo eta atxilotuen erantzukizuna estimulatzeko ekintzak. Hala ere argi azaltzen da, hau ez dela proiektu bakar bat, baizik eta beste proiektu batzurekin badagoela halako lotura bat, eta dagoeneko helbururik garrantzitsuena kanpoko munduarekin dagoen erlazioa da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/61006,2023-05-02,"In Industry 4.0, the use of wireless technologies is to be encouraged. However, due to the nature of wireless propagation, it is still difficult to meet the reliability, latency and determinism requirements offered by wired communications. To evaluate the performance of wireless communications, field testing is required, which increases the overall cost. Another option is to make use of a channel emulator, saving the cost. This Master's Thesis focuses on the design and implementation of new functionalities in an RF channel emulator on a development card with asymmetric multiprocessing and programmable logic. A Zynq Ultrascale+ family board with a Cortex A53 processor is used with a Linux for general tasks and a Cortex R5 for time-sensitive tasks, making use of the openAMP framework and implementing the channel emulator on the board's FPGA. An analysis of the technologies related to the emulator is carried out, as well as the study of the emulator itself. The development of the new functionalities is detailed from the design to the evaluation by means of different tests.","4.0 industrian, haririk gabeko teknologien erabilera sustatu nahi da. Hala ere, haririk gabeko hedapenaren izaera dela eta, oraindik zaila da komunikazio kableatuek eskaintzen dituzten fidagarritasun, latentzia eta determinismo baldintzak betetzea. Haririk gabeko komunikazioen funtzionamendua ebaluatzeko, kanpo-probak egin behar dira, eta horrek kostu osoa handitzea dakar. Beste aukera bat kanal-emuladore bat erabiltzea da, kostua aurreztuz. Master Amaierako Lan hau multiprozesamendu asimetriko eta logiko programagarria duen garapen-txartel baten gainean RF kanaleko emuladore batean funtzionalitate berriak diseinatzean eta inplementatzean oinarritzen da. Zynq Ultrascale+ familiako txartel bat erabiltzen da, Cortex A53 prozesadore batekin, Linux batekin, zeregin orokorretarako, eta Cortex R5 txartel batekin, denbora-eskakizunak dituzten zereginetarako, openAMP framework-a erabiliz eta txartelaren FPGAn kanal-emuladorea inplementatuz. Emuladorearekin lotutako teknologien azterketa egiten da, baita emuladorearen beraren analisia ere. Funtzionalitate berrien garapena zehazten da, diseinutik hasi eta proba desberdinen bidezko ebaluaziora arte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/62812,2023-10-10,"The search and selection of the financing line for a project is one of the first decisions to be made in order to be able to carry out the desired project and thus meet the profit objectives set. This decision is not always taken by the project manager, but without a correct study of the project economics needs it is impossible to make the right decision on which financing to choose.
Therefore, the existing project management standards include the knowledge, processes, techniques, and tools for a project manager to successfully manage any type of project throughout its entire life cycle, in which financing is present from the planning stages through initiation, execution and control to closure. The decision-making phase is the planning phase, where the investment project and the business plan, key documents for a good choice, are presented.
This research aims to collect the information available today in some of the most representative standards, as well as to make a comparison between them afterwards. Finally, new methodologies will be proposed as well as best practices, tools and techniques complementing the existing ones.
The process followed is as follows: First a study of the standards PMBOK Guide Seventh Edition, IPMA ICB 4.0, PM2 guide, ISO 21500:2012 y PRINCE 2 training manual is made. Information related to project finance is collected for each of them. 
Subsequently, the standards are compared with each other. After this comparison, the methodology followed in the standard for construction Construction Extension to the PMBOK Guide is described, and a review of the state of the art is also made by searching scientific articles as well as information from specialized journals.
Finally, a new methodology is proposed with some steps to follow as well as good practices.","Proiektu baten finantzaketa lerroaren bilaketa eta aukera nahi den proiektua aurrera eramateko eta honen irabazien helburuak betetzeko hartu behar den lehenengo erabakietakoa da. Erabaki hori ez du beti proiektuaren zuzendariak hartuko, nahiz eta finantzaketa aukera egokia hartzea guztiz ezinezkoa den ez badira behar bezala ezagutzen proiektuaren beharrizan ekonomikoak.
Hala, proiektuen kudeaketaren estandarrek proiektu-zuzendariak bere bizitzan zehar edozein motatako proiekturen kudeaketa arrakastaz aurrera eramateko ezagutzak, prozesuak, teknikak eta erramintak jasotzen dituzte. Proiektuaren bizitza ziklo osoan zehar proiektuaren finantzaketa dago, plangintza fasetik itxierara arte; hasiera, gauzatze eta egiaztapen faseetatik igarotzen da. Aukera plangintza fasean egiten da; bertan inbertsio proiektua eta negozio plana aurkezten dira eta dokumentu horiek aukera egokia hartzeko gakoak dira.
Ikerketa hau gaur egungo estandar garrantzitsuenetan eskura dagoen informazioa biltzen saiatzen da, eta euren artean konparaketa bat egiten ere. Amaitzeko, metodologia berriak proposatuko dira baita jardunbide egokiak, erramintak eta teknika berriak ere, horrela gaur egungoak osatuko dira.
Jarraitutako prozesua honako hau da: lehenik eta behin, PMBOK Guide Seventh Edition, IPMA ICB 4.0, PM2 guide, ISO 21500:2012 eta PRINCE 2 training manual estandarrak aztertzen dira. Bakoitzean proiektu finantzaketari buruz aurkitutako informazioa biltzen da.
Ondoren, estandarren arteko konparaketa egiten da. Konparaketa horren ostean Construction Extension to the PMBOK Guide proiektu finantzaketarako jarraitutako metodologia deskribatzen da, baita gaur egungo egoeraren berrikuspena eginez ere artikulu zientifikoak eta aldizkari espezializatuak aztertuko dira.
Amaitzeko, metodologia berria proposatzen da jarraitu beharreko pausuekin eta jardunbide egokiekin."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23141,2017-07,"Photovoltaic inverters with grid connection need special installations in order to certify their
correct operation. This is because they must comply different rules of connection to the
distribution network [1]. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out different tests. All of these must
be run in power labs that have a programmable three-phase source that simulates the power
grid. Because of this, in this work it is proposed an advanced test, known as PHIL test (Power-
Hardware-in the-Loop) that permits testing of photovoltaic inverters in one of the Bilbao
Engineering School’s laboratories.","Sarerako konexioa duten inbertsore fotovoltaikoek, instalazio bereziak behar dituzte bere
funtzionamendu egokia ziurtatzeko. Aurrekoa gerta dadin, indarrean dagoen arautegia bete
behar dute, horrela, sareko banaketa elektrikora konektatu ahal izan daitezen [1]. Horretarako
beharrezkoa da froga desberdinak egitea. Guzti hauek potentzia laborategitan programatuak
izan behar dira eta potentzia iturri trifasiko programagarria izan behar dute sarea simulatzeko.
Horregatik, lan honetan saio aurreratuko plataforma baten sorrera proposatzen da, Power
Hardware In the Loop (PHIL) bezala ezaguna, Bilboko Ingeniaritza Eskolako laborategietako
baten sarerako konexioarekin inbertsore frogak egitea bermatuko duena."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25865,2018-03-21,"This work has focused on the improvement of intercultural coexistence in the classrooms of Primary Education educational stage through the use of Dialogic Literary Gatherings. After having carried out an investigation and have investigated about these practices, an intervention has proposed for a religious college in Bilbao. The purpose of all this have been to achieve an improvement of the intercultural coexistence among the students of the same classroom, as well as to recognize the importance of Dialogic Literary Gatherings as a tool or educational resource.","Lan hau Literatur Solasaldi Dialogikoak erabiliz Lehen Hezkuntzako etapetako ikasgeletan kulturen arteko elkarbizitza hobetzean oinarritu da. Ikerketa eta praktika horiek ikertu ondoren, Bilboko hitzartutako eskola erlijioso batean esku-hartze proposamen bat aurkeztu da. Honen helburua, ikasgela bateko ikasleen artean kultura arteko elkarbizitza hobetzea eta Literatur Solasaldi Dialogikoek tresna edo hezkuntza baliabide gisa duten garrantzia aitortzea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26215,1994-12,"Following an introduction explaining the problem of population movements in Latin America, the situation of Mexico regarding this subject is presented by focusing in migrant workers' conflicts and analysing the crimes commited against them, the social control of delinquency and the deviation surrounding these population movements.","Latinoamerikan biztanlego mugimenduen arazoa adierazten duen hitzaurre baten ondoren, gai honetan Mexikoko egoera azaltzen da, langile herralden arazoetan erdiratuz, baita ere, biztanlego mugimendu hauen inguruan, beraien kontra betetzen diren gaiztakeriak eta gaizkintza eta desbideraketaren gizarte-kontrola aztertuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14298,2015-01-28,"This assignment consist in designing a parallel kinematics robot of two free degrees verifying a minimum number of requirements which must be neccesary to be verified. Then, this design will be manufactured and finally it will be assamblied to two linear guides, forming this way a parallel kinematics machine, which is, including the control of the linear guides, the final aim of this project. It has a peculiar interest its arquitecture, a key aspect when an accurate system is needed and vibrations want to be reduced.","Lan honekin bi askatasun-gradu dituen zinematika paraleloko robota diseinatuko da, bete behar diren ezaugarri batzuetatik hasita. Ondoren, diseinu hori jarraituz, makina fabrikatuko da eta azkenik bi gida linealetan parekatuko da, zinematika paraleloko makina bat osatuz; zein, gida linealen kontrolarekin batera, lan honen azken helburua izango da. Bereziki interesgarria dena sistema honek duen arkitektura, garrantsizko osagarria, bai sistema zehatz bat egin nahi denean zein bibrazioak murriztu nahi direnean da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29290,2018-10-23,"Ingles:
Abstract
The green public procurement is a rising policy. Nowadays, the weight of the public spending, the money spent buying products and contracting services, in the society is great. If we sum the need to be more responsible with the environment, the result or solution of the equation is the green public procurement. This innovating policy consists in taking environmental issues into account when tendering for goods or services. This is to say, to secure that what we buy or contract is environmentally friendly. 
In this work, is found the analysis of the path of the green public procurement, the actual situation and how has arrived to this situation. Is wanted to prove that the green public procurement is a beneficious policy for every part, and that is necessary to apply it in such an advanced                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     society.
The methodology that has been used to develop this work has been purely bibliographic. That is, most of the content of the work is based on other works, articles, programs, etc. 
In this work, it can be easily seen the capacity to improve the environment of the green public procurement, since the public procurement normally around the 20% of the GDP. Furthermore, it can be said that this policy is on course to normalize, is on a way to consolidate in the public administrations, where it is already present in some product and services.","Euskera:
Laburpena
Erosketa eta kontratazio publiko berdea goranzko ibilbide duen politika bat da. Izan ere, gastu publikoak, administrazio publikoek produktuak erosten eta zerbitzuak kontratatzen gastatzen duten diruak, pisu handia du gaur egungo gizartean. Honi ingurumenarekiko jokabidea hobetzeko beharra gehitzen badiozu, erosketa eta kontratazio publiko berdea da ekuazioaren emaitza edo soluzioa. Politika berritzaile hau produktuen erosketan eta zerbitzuen kontratazioetan ingurumen-irizpideak sartzean datza. Hau da, zerbait erosi edo kontratatu aurretik ingurumenarekiko errespetagarria dela ziurtatzea. 
Lan honen bitartez erosketa eta kontratazio publikoak berdeak Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoan izan duen ibilbidea aztertzea bilatzen da, gaurko egoera zein den eta nola iritsi den aztertuz. Demostratu nahi da benetan alderdi guztientzat onuragarria den politika bat dela, eta gaur egungo bezalako gizarte aurrerakoi batean aplikatu beharrekoa.
Lan hau garatzeko erabili den metodologia bibliografikoa da. Hau da, lanaren edukiaren zati handienak beste lan, artikulu, programa eta abarretan du oinarri.
	Lanean argi gelditzen da erosketa eta kontratazio publiko berdeak ingurumenean hobekuntzak eragiteko duen gaitasuna, izan ere, erosketa publikoa BPGaren %20 inguru da. Bestalde, politika hau normalizazio bidean dagoela esan daiteke, behin betiko finkatzeko bidean, dagoeneko hainbat produktu eta zerbitzuetan guztiz txertaturik."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/41356,2020-02-20,"To master the written linguistic competence is a complex task which requires a correct usage of the language, microskills to acknowladge the different writing genres and a series of cognitive processes. This study is focused on the acquisition of the writing knowledge during the final period of Primary Education and, its concrete aim is to analyze the characteristics of the writing of this student body and to compare its linguistic communcative skill with the requirements specified in the Baque Country´s documentation concerning the writing of the Spanish language. The results show that the students do not acquire the comprehension to the extent described in the curriculum once they reach this final period.","Idatzizko konpetentziaren garapenak hizkuntzaren erabilera egokia, hitzez hitzeko gene-ro testualak ulertzeko abilezia eta prozesu kognitibo anitzak erabiltzen dituen konpe-tentzia alor korapilatsu bat da. Ikerketa honek Lehen Hezkuntzako ikasleen idatzizko azken etapa zehaztu da eta, zehatz mehatz, ikasleen idazkeraren izaera aztertuz eta haien erabilera linguistikoa kontuan hartuta, gazteleraren idazkerakiko Euskal Herriko dokumentazioak aldarrikatutakoarekin konparatuz. Ikerketek agerian jarri dute ikasleak ez dituztela erabat curriculumeko eduki  guztiak ulertzen behin etapa honetara heldu ostean."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60771,2023-04-18,"This End-Of-Degree project analyses cycle tourism in the Euroregional
framework of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Euskadi, Navarre (NAEN).
This analysis has been carried out within the framework of the Strategic Plan
of the region 2021-2027 with the intention of analysing the capacity of cycle tourism
as a socially cohesive and sustainable tourism product of great differential and
innovative value for the NAEN Euroregion.
To do this, firstly, the literature on this subject has been analysed and firsthand information has been collected, using qualitative techniques. This was followed
by a SWOT analysis, from which proposals were made to promote cycle tourism in
the NAEN Euroregion, in line with the objectives of the Strategic Plan.
The analysis shows that there are major difficulties in promoting a project of
this type, but at the same time, it could bring significant benefits to the Euroregion.","Gradu amaierako lan honetan zikloturismoaren analisia egiten da NouvelleAquitaine, Euskadi, Navarra (NAEN) Euroeskualdean.
Analisi hori Euroeskualdearen 2021-2027rako Plan Estrategikoaren
markoan egin da, zikloturismoak, produktu turistiko gisa, kohesio soziala
handitzeko, jasangarritasuna bultzatzeko eta Euroeskualdearen balio diferentziala
handitzeko duen gaitasuna aztertzeko asmoz.
Horretarako, lehenbizi, gai honen inguruko literatura aztertu da eta lehen
eskuko informazioa jaso da, teknika kualitatiboak erabiliz. Jarraian AMIA analisia
egin da, eta hura oinarritzat hartuz, zikloturismoa Euroeskualdean bultzatzeko
proposamenak egin dira, beti ere plan estrategikoaren helburuak lortze aldera.
Egindako analisiak agerian uzten du horrelako proiektu bat sustatzeko
zailtasunak handiak direla baina, aldi berean, onura nabarmenak ekar diezaizkiola
Euroeskualdeari"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/67894,2024-05-10,"This work develops the optimization of a structural plate designed in laminated composite material, which is part of a larger structural system. This piece will later be integrated with others to obtain the desired functionality. The fundamental objective is the definition of a design process for laminated structural elements made of composite materials, using existing tools for the definition and analysis of the different load cases and using structural topological optimization to obtain an optimized structural. Thus, the desired mechanical characteristics will be fulfilled using the minimum necessary material. To carry out the optimization, OptiStruct® software module is used within Altair's HyperWorks® simulation program, based on the Finite Element Method. The use of this tool does not exempt from the need to make certain decisions in the optimization process, such as the selection of the different orientations of layers of a laminate, the modelling densities to be used, the optimization criteria, the guiding of the iterative evolution of the model during the optimization process and the choice of the final relative density.","Lan honek material konposatu laminatuan diseinatutako egitura-plaka baten diseinuaren optimizazioa garatzen du, egitura sistema handiago baten parte dena. Geroago pieza hau beste batzuekin integratuko da nahi den funtzionaltasuna lortzeko. Oinarrizko helburua material konposatuez egindako egitura-elementu laminatuetarako diseinu-prozesu bat zehaztea da. Horretarako karga-kasu desberdinak definitzeko eta aztertzeko dauden tresnak erabiliko dira eta egitura-optimizazio topologikoare bidez, nahi diren ezaugarri mekanikoak ematen dituen egitura-pieza optimizatua lortuko da, material gutxiegi erabiliz.  OptiStruct® software modulua erabiltzen da, Altairren HyperWorks® simulazio programaren barruan dagoena. Honek eEementu Finituen Metodoan oinarrituta dago. Tresna hau erabiltzeak ez du salbuesten optimizazio-prozesuan zenbait erabaki hartu beharrik, hala nola laminatu baten geruza ezberdinen orientazio desberdinak, modelatze-dentsitateak eta optimizazio-irizpideak hautatzea, piezaren garapen iteratiboa guidatzea optimizazio prozezuan zehar eta azken dentsitate erlatiboa aukeratzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25026,2006,"The situation in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country related to a relevant matter in citizen security –firearms– is summarized. The sanctions procedure is analyzed, making emphasis in the role played by the Basque administration in security matters and offering statistical data.",Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko egoeraren laburpena azaltzen da hiritarren segurtasunarekin erlazionaturiko gai aipagarri batean: armak. Zehapen prozedura aztertzen da aipamen berezia eginez Segurtasunerako Euskal Administrazioaren jardueran eta gainera datu estatistiko batzu agertzen ditugu.
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/60234,2023-03-03,"As a coach, it is essential to promote the degree of motivation of athletes and develop the
relationships that are created in the team. The general objective of this Final Degree Project is
to analyze the motivation of handball players of the Alavesa Federation and their relationship
with the coach, making a general description, then proposing a decalogue of good practices
for the coach. It is very important to keep the athletes motivated, in this way there will be a
more pleasant atmosphere in the team and their participation will be significantly higher. To
do this, you must first understand the concept of motivation, to know what to work on, how,
when and why. It should also be noted that the atmosphere generated by the coach directly
influences motivation and performance. Therefore, not only the motivation of the players is
analyzed, but also the climate created by the coaches. In general, the results suggested that the
coaches' teaching style influences players' motivation and group relations. Finally, taking into
account that the coach is a fundamental element of the team, a decalogue of good practices
will be proposed with the aim of improving the relational dynamics and the teaching
processes of handball teams.","Entrenatzaile bezala, kirolarien motibazio maila sustatzea eta taldean sortzen diren
harremanak garatzea ezinbestekoa da. Gauzak horrela, Gradu Amaierako Lan honen helburu
orokorra, Arabako Federazioaren Eskubaloiko jokalarien motibazioa eta entrenatzailearekiko
harremana aztertzea da, deskribapen orokor bat eginez, ondoren, entrenatzailearentzat
jardunbide egokirako dekalogoa proposatuz. Izan ere, oso garrantzitsua da kirolariek
motibatuak mantentzea, horrela, taldean giro atseginagoa egongo da eta euren parte-hartzea
nabarmen handiagoa izango da. Horretarako, motibazioaren kontzeptua ulertu behar da
lehenik, zer, nola, noiz eta zergatik landu behar den jakiteko. Halaber, entrenatzaileak sortzen
duen giroak motibazioan eta errendimenduan eragin zuzena duela azpimarratu beharra dago.
Horregatik, jokalarien motibazioa aztertzeaz gain, entrenatzaileek sortutako klima ere aztergai
dira. Oro har, emaitzek aditzera eman dute entrenatzaileen irakaskuntza-estiloak jokalarien
motibazioan eta taldeko harremanetan eragina duela. Bukatzeko, kontuan hartuta
entrenatzailea taldearen funtsezkoa elementua dela, jardunbide egokirako dekalogoa
proposatuko da, eskubaloiko taldeen harreman dinamikak eta irakaskuntza-prozesuak
hobetzeko asmoz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/36858,2019-12-12,"In  a  world  where  climate  change  is  increasingly  visible,  it  is necessary  to  make  a transition  to  a  more  ecological  system.  That  is  why  the  use  of  renewable  energy sources is vital. Therefore, this project will design an offshore wind farm on the coast of Fuerteventura, known the wind potential that this area has.First, therewill  be  analysed  the  different  alternatives the studyhasgot.  Next,  the proposed  solution  will  be  described  and  finally,  an  environmental  and  economic study will be carried out to know the viability of the project.","Mundu honetan,non klima aldaketa gero eta nabariagoa den, sistema ekologiko bateranzkotrantsizio bat egiteabeharrezkoa da. Horregatik, energia iturri berriztagarriak erabiltzea ezinbestekoa da. Hori dela eta, proiektu honetanparke eoliko offshore bat diseinatuko da Fuerteventurako kostaldean, jakinda zonalde honetan dagoen potentzial eolikoa.Lehenik eta behin, ikasketadituen aukera ezberdinak aztertuko dira. Ostean,aukeratutako emaitza deskribatuko da eta azkenik,ingurumen eta ekonomia azterlanak burutukodira proiektuaren bideragarritasuna ezagutzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19867,2016-12-15,"The aim of this project is to study if it is possible to supply a farm-household only using solar energy, it is detached from the electrical grid, so it is not going to receive any from the enterprises. The house it is located in Geldo, Bizkaia. It has an oceanic climate, so there are not many sun hours compared to other locations, due to weather.
It is estimated that a detached household needs an average of 15.5 kWh a day. Thus, the solar panels need to produce more energy than that, because it is necessary to store energy for future use, when it is needed, for example, in cold days.
This installation needs solar panels, wires, an inverter, batteries and a solar panel regulator. The solar panels take the photons from the sunlight to convert into constant current. Then, the wires transport the current to the batteries, where it is stored for future use. The regulator avoids charging if batteries are at full charge. Finally, the inverter converts direct current into alternating current, the kind of current that the house grid needs. Thus, it can be used by electrical appliance.","Proiektu honen helburua etxebizitza bat eguzki energia soilik erabilita hornitu daitekeen aztertzea da. Esan bezala, sare elektrikotik banatuta egongo da, ez du korronterik jasoko. Baserria Geldo auzoan dago, Bizkaian. Klima ozeanikoa da, ondorioz, ez dago eguzki ordu kopuru handirik eguratsa dela-eta. Gainera, neguak hotzak izango dira, berogailua neguan asko kontsumituko du. Hortaz, plaken eraginkortasuna garrantzitsua izango da.
Ikerketen arabera, baserri batek 15.500 kWh inguru behar ditu batez beste. Hau horrela izanik, plakek kopuru hori baino gehiago sortu behar dute, arazorik egon ez dadin neguko egun latzetan, 15.500kWh baino gehiago kontsumituko delako eta beharbada, ez da hainbeste ekoiztuko, hau da, energia hori bildu behar da etorkizunean erabiltzearren.
Instalakuntza honek eguzki panelak, kableak, erreguladorea, alderantzikailua eta bateriak behar ditu. Eguzki panelek izpiak korronte zuzen bihurtuko dute, izpien fotoiak hain zuzen. Klabeek elektrizitatea garraiatuko dute bai zuzenean bai alternoan. Bateriek energia gordeko dute. Erreguladorea bateriak kargatzen jarrai dezaten saihestuko du, osorik kargatuta baldin badaude. Azkenik, alderantzikailuak korronte zuzena korronte alterno bihurtuko du, etxetresna elektrikoek erabil dezaketen korrontea baita."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23107,2017-07,"The purpose of this proyect is to develop some skills for a small sized humanoid robot, which let the robot interact with the surroundings. This skills are developed using a tool called Roboplus 2.0, with which is posible to programme movements and control logic. This skills are walking, going up and downstairs, turning, and picking up, carrying and reléase objects. Humanoid robots will be a very important part of society in the future, being able to do unhuman work, or even helping old people doing everyday simple tasks. Thus, it will benefit every aspect of society and working life.","Proiektu honen helburua eskalazko humanoide batean hainbat gaitasun garatzea da, humaniodeak ingurunearekin elkar eragin dezan. Gaitasun hauek garatzeko Roboplus 2.0 erabiltzen da, mugimendu zein logika kontrolak programatzeko aukera ematen baitu. Humanoidean programatutako gaitasunak hurrengoak dira: ibilera, eskaileren igoera eta jaitsiera, bere ardatzaren inguruko biraketa eta zamen garraioa. Humanoideak gizartearen parte garrantzitsu bat izango dira etorkizunean, lan arriskutsu edo zailak egiteko gai izango baitira, baita adinduen eguneroko betebeharretan laguntza emateko ere. Hori dela eta, izugarrizko mozkinak ekarriko dituzte hainbat gizarte mailatan zein lan-bizitzan."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/74471,2005,"Immersed in the digital age, journalism faces the need to redefine many of the characteristics that have shaped it until now. While this era brings with it new opportunities and techniques for communication, the profession must also confront a series of challenges that call for a response from academia: the professionalisation of information and the training of journalists, the end of the monopoly over the mediation process, the primacy of quality and authority, and the consolidation of its own business models, among others.","Aro digitalean murgilduta, kazetaritzak orain arte izan dituen hainbat ezaugarri berriro definitzeko beharra du. Garai honek komunikatzeko aukera eta teknika berriak ekartzen dituen era berean, unibertsitatetik erantzun bat jaso beharko luketen hainbat erronkei aurre egin behar die ere lanbideak: informazioaren profesionalizatzea eta kazetarien formazioa, bitartekotza prozesuaren monopolioaren amaiera eta kalitatea eta erreferentzialtasunaren nagusitasuna eta negozio-eredu propioak finkatzea, besteak beste."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/23140,2017-07,"Achieving uniform load distribution in pressure vessel gasketed joints for piping in Oil & Gas applications is a critical task, on which will depend the proper sealing of the joint and its leak-free service. The main inconvenient when trying to reach load uniformity is the loss of load that happens during the assembly sequence. This is due to the Elastic Interaction. There are different standards, such as ASME, collecting assembly sequences that reach a uniform load at the end. Nonetheless, this sequences are often too generalist and require more than a single pass. To solve the problem, it is recommended to develop specific procedure for the application under study. This way, not only the assembly time, but also the economic expenses of the operation will be reduced. In order to attain this goal, in this End-of-Degree Project a metamodel consisting on only one sector of the gasketed joint is developed, which provides the area of influence and the magnitude of the Elastic Interaction phenomena, requiring a minimum operational cost.","Petrolioa nahiz gasa garraiatzeko erabili ohi diren offshore hodietan aurkitzen diren torloju bidezko loturetan uniformeki banandutako kargak lortzea ezinbestekoa da. Honen bidez, bermatuko baita loturaren finkotasuna eta ihesen sorpena. Torlojutze operazioan amaierako kargen uniformetasuna lotzeko aurkitzen den zailtasun nagusia Interakzio Elastikoari dagokio. ASME bezalako arauek amaieran karga uniformea burutzeko sekuentziak proposatzen dituzten arren, sekuentzia horiek orokorregiak dira eta pasada bat baino gehiago behar dituzte. Hau gainditzeko, aztertutako aplikaziorako zehatzak diren torlojutze prozedurak garatzea interesantea izango da, haien bitartez, arauek eskainitako denborekin batera, prozeduren gastu ekonomikoak murriztu daitezen. Helburu honekin, Gradu Amaierako Lan honek metamodelo berri bat aurkezten du, Interakzio Elastikoaren eraginaren area eremua etamagnitudea kalkulatuko dituena, koste konputazional minimoa erabilita."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14642,2015-02-26,"The main objective of this work is to create a program that could be used as a
tool when calculating the properties of a piece under a fatigue analysis. The whole work
is focused on its creation using Excel. The program is divided in three different tabs:
one for the data entered by the user, another one corresponding to the calculations and
finally one to expose the results. The user must know the properties of the fatigue
specimen and the range of cycles where the piece works (always in the High Cycles
Fatigue zone). With this information of the specimen, and thanks to the Basquin’s curve
and Marin’s equation, the program will be able to calculate the S-N curve
corresponding to the piece. Special cases where improving mechanical treatments are
applied, with a limit stress of the process, are also included in the program options. In
order to obtain the S-N curve, information about different piece properties is asked in
the user interface tab, enabling to calculate the values of Marin’s coefficients with the
program database. The program also allows the user to introduce his own values of the
coefficients, to obtain a curve closer to his experimental results. In short, the function of
the program will be to become a calculator of the fatigue resistance of a piece from the
data available from the specimen.","Lan honen helburua pieza baten neke propietateak kalkulatzeko programa bat
sortzea da. Projektuaren oinarria Excel-en bidez, programa hau sortzea da. Programak
hiru atal desberdin ditu: Lehena erabiltzaileak sartu behar dituen datuentzako,
bigarrena kalkuluentzako eta azkena emaitzetarako. Erabiltzaileak probetaren
ezaugarriak ezagutu behar ditu baita erabiliko diren ziklo mailak ere (beti ziklo mail
erdi altuetan). Probetaren informazioaren bidez, Basquin-en kurbari eta Marin-en
ekuazioari esker, programak piezaren neke erresistenzia kurba lortzen du. Kasu
espezialak ere barne hartzen dira, hobekuntzak sortzen dituzten tratamendu
mekanikoak egiten direnean, limite tentsioarekin prozesuan. Piezen propietateko
galderak egingo dira erabiltzailearen atalan S-N kurba lortzeko eta horrekin Marin
koefizienteak lortzen dira programaren datuei esker. Erabiltzaileak ere, bere koefiziente
baloreak sartu ditzake bere emaitzeei gehiago hurbiltzen den kurba bat lortzeko.
Laburbilduz, programaren eginkizuna probetaren datueei esker piezaren neke erresistentzia kalkulatzea da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63041,2023-06-08,"The death of an immediate family member generates, in the patrimonial sphere,
various consequences, among which are certain rights and duties of the deceased towards his next of kin. In
this sense, although the Civil Code seems to opt for giving priority to the autonomy of the will of the
testator, the same code establishes the legal obligation of the testator to dispose of a part of his assets
(legitimate share) in favor of specific relatives. It also gives the deceased the possibility to exclude from this
list of heirs those he/she considers appropriate, in order to be able to deprive them of the legal legitimate
rights to which they are entitled as forced heirs. This is what is known as disinheritance, an institution that
requires the existence of any of the causes set forth in the law to be able to resort to it. In this way, a
question regarding its causes becomes clear: can psychological abuse be included within the cause of
mistreatment of work, included in the law? And, if so, is emotional or family abandonment part of this
psychological abuse, and therefore a cause of disinheritance? Throughout the years, the Supreme Court has
tried to elucidate these questions by means of several sentences, and it was not until the year 2022 in which
the high court determined in a sentence which will be the jurisprudential line to be followed, giving a
solution to the questions raised.","Zuzeneko ahaide baten heriotzak, ondare esparruan, hainbat ondorio dakartza,
besteak beste, kausatzaileek beren senide hurbilenekin dituzten eskubide eta betebehar batzuk. Alde
horretatik, Kode Zibilak kausatzailearen borondatearen autonomia lehenesten duela dirudien arren, kode
berak ezartzen du kausatzaileak bere ondasunen zati bat (senipartea) senide jakin batzuen alde izateko
legezko betebeharra duela. Era berean, kausatzaileari aukera ematen dio oinordekoen zerrendatik egoki
deritzenak baztertzeko, nahitaezko oinordeko gisa dagozkion legezko eskubide legitimoak kentzeko. Hori da
desjaraunspena, legeetan tasatutako kausaren bat behar duen erakundea. Horrela, haien kausei buruzko
kontu bat agertzen da: tratu txar psikologikoa sar daiteke legean jasota dagoen obrako tratu txarren kausaren
barruan? Eta, baiezkoan, abandonu emozionala edo familiarra da tratu txar psikologiko horren zati bat, eta,
beraz, oinordetzan ez hartzeko arrazoia? Urteetan zehar, Auzitegi Gorena saiatu da gai horiek argitzen
zenbait epairen bidez, eta 2022ra arte ez da zehaztu auzitegi gorenak zein jurisprudentzia-ildo jarraitu behar
den, planteatutako arazoei irtenbidea emanez."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63179,2023-06-09,"In the course of this work, in view of the rise of artificial intelligence in the field of law,
an analysis of the use of artificial intelligence will be carried out in the Spanish criminal
proceedings. In order to carry out this examination, the context of artificial intelligence and the
development of the fundamental notion will first be completed. To this end, the concept of
artificial intelligence, its operation and the most significant systems of artificial intelligence
will be analyzed: those corresponding to risk assessment.
As an advance, we might say that the use of artificial intelligence devices and systems
is a reality in criminal proceedings. It is therefore necessary to investigate the legal framework
of the European Union (EU) and Spain on artificial intelligence.
It is important to note that this study is part of the evidence of the criminal proceedings
in Spain, so that the qualities and characteristics of the evidence will be observed. In this way,
the possibility of assessing evidence through artificial intelligence and the use of artificial
intelligence as scientific evidence will be assessed in criminal proceedings.
In short, the appropriateness of the use of artificial intelligence in the evidence of
criminal proceedings in Spain shall be investigated, predicting and dogmatically justifying the
consequences of its use. Consideration shall also be given to the possibility of the application
of artificial intelligence systems and instruments, while respecting the rights and guarantees
and procedural principles of criminal proceedings.","Lan honetan zehar, adimen artifizialak zuzenbidearen esparruan izandako gorakada
aintzat harturik, Espainiako zigor-prozesuaren frogan adimen artifizialaren erabilerari buruzko
azterketa gauzatuko da. Azterketa hori gauzatzeko, lehenik, adimen artifizialaren testuingurua
eta oinarrizko nozioaren garapena burutuko da. Horretarako, adimen artifizialaren kontzeptua,
funtzionamendua eta adimen artifizialeko sistema esanguratsuenak: arriskuaren ebaluazioari
dagozkionak aztertuko dira.
Aurrerapen gisa, adimen artifizialeko tresna eta sistemen erabilera zigor-prozesuaren
baitan errealitate bat dela esan genezake. Hau horrela, beharrezkoa da, adimen artifizialari
buruzko Europar Batasuneko (EB) eta Espainiako lege-esparrua zein den ikertzea.
Garrantzitsua da azpimarratzea azterlan hau Espainiako zigor-prozesuaren frogan
kokatzen dela, horregatik, frogaren nolakotasunak eta ezaugarriak ikusiko dira. Hala, zigorarloko
prozesuan proba adimen artifizialaren bidez baloratzea posible den aztertuko da eta baita
ere, adimen artifizialaren erabilera froga zientifiko gisa.
Azken finean, Espainiako zigor-arloko prozesuaren frogan adimen artifiziala erabiltzea
onargarria den ikertuko da, horren erabilerak sortu ditzakeen ondorioak iragarriz eta doktrinalki
justifikatuz. Baita ere, adimen artifizialeko sistema eta tresnen aplikazioa posible den
hausnartuko da, betiere, zigor-prozesuko eskubide eta berme prozesalak errespetatuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29485,2018-10-31,"The aim of this project is the rehabilitation of the thermal installations of an single-family house, so that it could make a good use of the renewable energies and therefore achieve to reduce the consumption of fossil sources of energy, contributing to the conservation of the environment. 
The project will begin with the expositions of different alternatives of renewable resources for the obtaining of energy and the selection of the most suitable for the building in question. Next, a descriptive analysis of it will be done, including the location, climatological data of the area and its sizing.
The project will continue with an analysis of energy demand, both heating and hot water and electricity. For which a study of the thermal load of the house will be carried out. With this, the thermal installations will be designed by selecting the most suitable elements for the satisfaction of the energy demand. Finally, there will be an economic analysis of what the start-up of the project would entail.","Hurrengo proiektua familiabakarreko etxebizitza baten instalazio termikoen birgaitzean datza, energia berriztagarrien ustiapen eraginkorra gertatu ahal izateko moduan, eta horrela, energia fosileko iturrien kontsumoa murriztu, ingurumenaren kontserbazioari lagunduz.
Proiektua hasiko da errekurtso berriztagarrien aukera desberdinen aurkezpenekin energiaren lorpenerako, baita etxebizitza honetarako egokiagoak diren aukeraketarekin. Ondoren, honen analisi deskriptiboa egingo da, kokalekua, datu klimatologikoak eta bere dimentsionamendua gehituz. 
Proiektua eskaintza energetikoaren analisi batekin jarraituko du, bai berogailu eta osasun-ur berokoa, bai elektrizitatekoa. Horretarako, etxebizitzaren karga termikoaren ikerketa egingo da. Horrekin, instalazio termikoak diseinatuko dira eskaintza energetikoaren asetzerako elementu egokienak aukeratuz.
Amaitzeko, analisi ekonomiko bat egingo da proiektua martxan jartzea suposatuko lukeena aztertuz."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/51031,2021-04-16,"This Bachelor’s Degree Final Project is aimed at students and teachers of the last year of Elementary Education. The objective is to work the issue of refugees from the Mathematical competence and by problem-based learning, ensuring quality education. With this purpose a didactic sequence has been created, in which starting from the mathematical problems the social and civic competence is also developed. The designed problem situations will allow assessing the use of Mathematics in real life and, at the same time, it is expected to raise awareness of the issue of refugees.","Gradu Amaierako Lan hau Lehen Hezkuntzako 6. mailako ikasle eta irakasleei zuzenduta dago. Matematikaren konpetentziatik eta problemetan oinarritutako ikaskuntzaren bidez, kalitatezko hezkuntza bermatuz, errefuxiatuen gaia lantzea du helburu. Horretarako sekuentzia didaktiko bat diseinatu da, Matematikako problemetatik abiatuz, konpetentzia sozial eta zibikoa ere jorratzen delarik. Planteatzen diren arazo-egoeren bidez, Matematikaren erabilera bizitza errealean balioetsi ahal izango da eta, aldi berean, errefuxiatuen gaiaren inguruko sentsibilizazioa lortzea espero da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25121,2004,"The migrations phenomenon, as an element of dynamism for the host society, requires a reflection in-depth, being essential the cohesion of the social net. After explaining some concepts related to this phenomenon, like “culture”, “inter-culturalism”, “discrimination processes” and “intercultural education”, some interesting data about the opinion on immigration are shown, as well as some questions about the Justice administration faced with discrimination cases.","Migrazioaren fenomenoak, erreflesio sakon bat behar du, gizartearen kohesioa beharrezkoa bait da gizarteak harrera fenomenoa kontutan hartu ahal izateko. Kultura, Interkulturalismoa, diskriminazio prozesuak eta heziketa interkulturala bezalako kontzeptuak azaldu ondoren, inmigrazioari buruzko hainbat eritzi azaltzen dira baita justiziarekin erlazionatutako diskriminazio kasuak ere."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14629,2015-02-26,"This Project lays out a structural design proposal for a 250cc 4T racing motorbike swingarm suited to meet the standards of the MotoStudent competition.
First of all, we study the different kind of swingarms and we weigh their advantages and disadvantages.
After that we choose one of the swingarm type focusing in the bike’s characteristics and we develop it. The tool used for the development is called PTC Creo 2.0. First, we set up the CAD design of the swingarm, then we study the design with the finite elements method and we customize it in order to meet the requirements.
Finally we add necessary auxiliary elements and we make the swingarm plans.","Lan honetan, unibertsitateen arteko MotoStudent lehiaketan kokatuta, lehiaketarako, 250 cm3 eta 4 denboretako motorra baten baskulatzaile baten egituraren diseinua planteatzen da.
Hasiera batean existitzen diren baskulatzaile mota desberdinak ikasten dira, bakoitzaren abantailak eta desabantailak zehaztuz.
Ondoren motorraren ezaugarrien arabera baskulatzaile mota bat hautatu eta garatu egiten da. Garapen honetarako erabili den herraminta PTC Creo 2.0. programa da. Lehenengo, piezaren CAD diseinua egiten da eta ondoren elementu finituen metodoaren bidez ikasten da, beharrezkoak diren baldintzak bete arte diseinua aldatuz.
Azkenik beharrezkoak diren elementu auxiliarrak gehitzen dira eta piezaren planoak egiten dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/64089,2023-07-05,"This research paper examines the significant impact of the Dobbs v. Jackson Supreme Court decision on abortion rights in the United States. By closely analysing the arguments presented to the Court and the underlying reasoning, this study sheds light on the profound implications and future trajectory of abortion rights. Furthermore, it explores the global reverberations of this decision, highlighting its influence on discussions surrounding reproductive rights in other nations. The research underscores the societal implications of the right to abortion, recognising it as a historic form of discrimination based on sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status. Through this comprehensive exploration of reproductive rights discourse, this research aims to contribute to a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted issues within the abortion rights debate.","Ikerketa lan honek Dobbbs-ek Jacksonen aurka Estatu Batuetan abortatzeko eskubideei buruz hartutako erabakiak izan zuen eragina aztertzen du. Auzitegiari aurkeztutako argudioak eta sakoneko arrazoibideak hurbiletik aztertuz, azterlan honek argi uzten du abortatzeko eskubideen etorkizuneko inplikazio sakonak eta ibilbidea. Gainera, erabaki horren erreberentzia globalak aztertzen ditu, beste nazioetako ugalketa-eskubideen inguruko eztabaidetan duen eragina nabarmenduz. Ikerketak abortatzeko eskubidearen gizarte-inplikazioak azpimarratzen ditu, eta sexuagatiko, etniagatiko eta estatus sozioekonomikoagatiko diskriminazio-modu historikotzat hartzen du. Ugalketa-eskubideen diskurtsoaren azterketa zabal horren bidez, ikerketa honen helburua da abortuaren eskubideen inguruko eztabaidaren barruan dauden alderdi anitzeko gaiak modu ñabarrean ulertzen laguntzea."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/26118,1992,they are emphasized the positives values that characterize the life of D. José Miguel de Bararandián centring on diferents respects of his personality,nortasunaren aurpegi desberdinetatik José Miguel de Barandiaran jaunaren bizitza eta bereiztasunak nabaritzen dira
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/16338,2015-12-03,"SENER engineering and systems Inc. has a long experience in development, design and construction of cogeneration plants. The application of exergy analysis to plants optimizes the efficiency and reduces costs. This method based on exergy analises wether resources are used efficiently and provides tools needed to improve their use. This assigment carries out that exergy analysis to analize results and propose ways to improve the efficiency of the plant.","SENER ingenieritza eta sistemak S.A. kogenerazio planten garapen, diseinu eta eraikuntzan esperientzia luze bat dauka. Analisi exergetikoaren aplikazioa eraginkortasuna optimizatzeko eta gastuak gutxitzeko aukera ematen du. Exergian oinarritutako metodo honek baliabideak era eraginkorran erabiltzen diren analizatzen du eta beren erabilera hobetzeko tresnak ematen du. Lan honek analisi exergetiko hori egiten du, geroago emaitzak analizatzeko eta plantaren eraginkortasuna areagotzeko hobekuntzak proposatzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/14383,2015-02-10,"The aim of this work is to carry out an energetic analysis of the manufacturing process in ceramic products, as well a valuation of possible improvements. The work is going to be based on a description of the process, taking into account all the elements involved in it, always from row materials to equipments. Though a description of all ceramic products will be made, this work mainly will focus on building and furniture products because they are the ones that have increased production within the Spanish State. Finally, a number of suggestions for improvements will be indicated with its budget","Lan honen helburua bikoitza da, alde batetik produktu zeramikoen fabrikazio prozesuaren analisi energetikoa burutzea, eta beste aldetik zenbait hobekuntzen aplikazioaren bideragarritasuna aztertzea. Lanaren oinarria prozesuaren deskribapena izango da, non bertan jarduten duten elementu guztiak aztertuko diren, lehengaietatik tresneriara. Merkatuan existitzen diren produktu zeramiko guztien deskripzioa egingo den arren, lan honetan, batez ere eraikuntza eta hornidura produktuei arreta jarriko zaie, Espainiako estatuan produkzio handiena dutenak direlako. Azkenik hainbat hobekuntza proposamen emango da hauek kuantifikatzen dituen aurrekontu batekin batera."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/22254,2017-07-21T10:10:21Z,"In this academic research an analysis of informative tracking and treatment made by Basque press about aggressions and sexual abuses complaints that happened from the beginning of San Fermin parties, until the end of summer (from 7th of July – 31st of August) is going to be related, with the aim of determining the attitude the media has to these type of cases. For this investigation three journals have been chosen, which´s headquarters are in Basque Autonomous Community, and the eight more relevant cases of sexual assault or abuse happened in the sample taken. The information has been collected since the first time each event was published, until a week later. To sum up, a quantitative analysis has been carried out based on the comparison of data, and a qualitative one based on the application of ethical principles. Roughly, these are the main objectives of the research: to define the importance given to accusation of crimes about sexual freedom in Basque press, and the informative treatment given to them. (Ingelesa)","Ikerketa honetan 2016ko San Fermin jaien hasieratik, udaren bukaerara arte (uztailaren 7tik abuztuaren 31ra) Euskal Herrian izandako sexu eraso eta abusuen salaketen inguruan Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoko prentsak argitaratutako informazioak arakatu dira, hauei emandako jarraipena eta tratamendua aztertuz, mota horretako salaketen aurrean izan ohi duen jarrera aztertzeko xedearekin. Horretarako, egoitza nagusia Euskadin duten hiru egunkari, eta aukeratutako tartean oihartzun handiena izan duten zortzi kasuak hautatu dira. Gertakari bakoitzaren inguruko informazioa, prentsan agertu zen lehenengo egunetik, aste bat pasa zen arte bildu da. Horiekin, datuen konparaketan oinarritzen den analisi kuantitatiboa, eta kazetaritza printzipio etikoen aplikazioaren aztertzean oinarritzen den analisi kualitatiboa burutu da. Oro har, lan akademiko honen helburu nagusiak hauek izan dira: askatasun sexualaren aurkako delituen salaketek Euskadiko prentsan zenbat leku hartzen duten aztertzea, eta ematen zaien trataera informatiboa ezagutzea. (Euskera)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/54109,2021-11-25,"Despite the fact that education has changed over the years, even today the participation of
students is very limited. In most schools, the traditional model continues to predominate, with
the teacher as the expert and the students as the mere recipients. To face this situation and
translate theory into reality, we must deploy innovative and participatory models. Along this
path, this Degree Final Project will present an educational model based on the participation
of the student and her interests, the Amara Berri project. To do this, an interview was carried
out with one of the managers of the Amara Berri school in Donostia, to learn about the
pedagogical bases of the project and learn the details of the daily activity.","Urteetan zehar hezkuntza aldatzen joan den arren, gaur egun oraindik ikasleen parte-hartzea
oso mugatua da. Eskola gehienetan oraindik eredu tradizionala gailentzen da, irakaslea aditu
izanik eta ikasleak, ordea, hartzaile hutsak. Egoera honi aurre egiteko eta teoria errealitatera
eramateko, eredu berritzaile eta parte-hartzaileak zabaldu behar ditugu. Bide horretan,
Gradu Amaierako lan honetan ikaslearen parte-hartzean eta haien interesetan oinarritzen
den hezkuntza eredu bat aurkeztuko da; Amara Berri proiektua, hain zuzen ere. Horretarako,
Donostiako Amara Berri ikastetxeko arduradunetako batekin elkarrizketa bat burutu da,
proiektuaren oinarri pedagogikoak ezagutzeko eta eguneroko jardunaren nondik norakoak
ezagutzeko."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/47708,2020-11-04,"English summary. The present thesis fits within the SMARTIP project. An Android App will be developed throughout the next pages. This app is connected to an intelligent tip for the crutches of people with Multiple Sclerosis’ (MS), allowing the functional assessment of these patients. MS is a chronic, degenerative and progressive disease with no cure known, that’s why is represents such a big economical problem both for Health System and families. Actually, there are many treatments approved, all of them as a palliative approach. The disease itself shows different kinds of evolutive processes and a huge variety of symptoms, so patients need various treatment modalities. As users benefit from personalized treatments, it is important to know how MS has affected each patient.
The intelligent tips helps gathering useful information for these patients’ treatment, as it sends 14 values of different data. The App has been developed in Android Studio and connection between the tip and smartphone is provided by Bluetooth Low Energy. The Android App obtains patients’ data in real time, thanks to permanent and immediate connection between the two devices. Furthermore, the app allows a second testing in case the first once failed. This system also makes patients’ monitoring easier, as it creates a user data base so that this register can be found fully updated in the cloud. This way we can get to know different values in order to adjust each person’s treatment.","Euskara lapurpena. Hurrengo txostenean SMARTIP proiektu barnean dagoen Master Amaierako Lana aurkezten da. Honetan, txurro adimentsuarekin Android aplikazio bat garatzen da,Esklerosi Anizkoitza duten pazienteen martxaren diagnosi funtzionala ebaluatzeko xedearekin. Esklerosi Anizkoitza gaur egun sendapenik ez duen neuroendekapenezko gaixotasun kronikoa eta progresiboa da; eta horrek kostu ekonomiko handiak sortarazten dizkie bai osasun sistemari, bai senideei ere. Badira makina bat tratamendu, baina denak ikuspuntu paliatibo eta errehabilitazio terapiekin lotutakoak. Gaixotasun hau pairatzen duten pertsonek modu ezberdinetako tratamenduak jasan ditzakete, izan ere, honako eritasuna era ezberdinetan bizi baita eta haren hedapena ez da pertsona guztietan modu berean garatzen. Hortaz, pertsona bakoitzak bere tratamendua du, eta horretarako bakoitzaren egoera zehaztea beharrezkoa da.
 Txurro adimentsuari esker pertsona bakoitzerantzako tratamendu egokia ezartzeko informazioa jaso daiteke, proiektu honetan garatutako aplikazioaz baliatuta 14 balio ezberdin bidaltzen baititu. Aplikazioa Android Studio programan garatu da eta bi dispositiboen arteko konexioa Bluetooth Low Energy bitartez lortzen da. Android aplikazioaren erabilerak datuak denbora errealean jasotzea baimentzen du, txurro adimentsu duen etengabeko eta bat-bateko konexioa dela eta. Gainera, entsegutan akatsa egotekotan berehalako beste froga bat egiteko ahalmena du. Aplikazioak pertsona bakoitzaren gaixotasunaren eboluzioa jarraitzeko aukera ematen du honetan eratutako datu-basea dela medio. Bestalde, datuak hodeian aurki daitezke frogen erregistroa han gordetzen baita. Honek guztiak, erabiltzaile bakoitzarekiko tratamendu zehatza ezartzeko balioak ezagutarazteko gaitasuna ematen du."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19909,2016-12-20,"The aim of the project written down on this document is the study of the
technical, economic and legal viability of the hydroelectric power station of
Baños de Panticosa, in Huesca. For that purpose, the whole equipment is
checked and the available data is analyzed, giving a budget for an improvement
proposal afterwards.","Agiri honetan aurkeztutako proiektuaren helburua, Huescako probintzian
dagoen Baños de Panticosako zentral hidroelektrikoaren bideragarritasun
tekniko, ekonomiko eta legezkoa zehaztea da. Helburu horretarako, instalazioen
miaketa eta eskuragarri dauden datuen azterketa bete dira, hobekuntza
proposamen baterako aurrekontu bat eskainita hauek bukatzear."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/29472,2018-10-31,"In  this  work  it  is  proposed  and  analyzed  a  parallel reconfigurable  manipulator (PRM) which presents some advantages for certain op
erations, such as 3D print or CNC  machine  tool.  A  PRM  is  a  specific  kind  of  robot,  which  presents  some  key advantajes, such as rigidity for being parallel and flexibility to the work environment 
for being reconfigurable. The analysis of the manipulator is done with a kinematic software called GIM, in which there can be sequenced movements and obtain kinematic data of interest. The main objective of the work is to show the mobility and reconfiguration capacity of 
the proposed manipulator. This way, the most important characteristics of the PRM will be well defined.","Lan honetan mekanizatu operazioak eta 3D imprimagailu egiteko erabili ahal den manipuladore paralelo birkonfiguragarri (MPB) bat
proposatzen eta aztertzen da. MPB abantail batzuk dituen robot mota bat da. Adibidez, zurruntasuna paralelo izateagatik edo ingurumen batera egokitzeko gaitasun gehiago birkonfiguragarri izateagatik. 
Manipuladorearen analisia GIM software zinematikoan egiten da. Software honetan mugimenduak  sekuentziatu  ahal  dira  eta  datu  zinematiko  interesgarri  lortu. Lanaren helburu nagusia MPBaren mugikortasun eta birkonfiguratzeko ahalmena frogatzea  da.  Modu  honetan  argi  geratzen  dira  manipuladorearen  ezaugarri garrantzitsuenak."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/50945,2021-04-15,"Currently the fact that schools include a large number of immigrant students forces the
education system to reinvent itself by taking new educational initiatives for the reception
and integration of immigrant families and their respective children. In order to do that,
schools must provide an education based on values, and also work with the objective of
achieving a common cultural space, in which the student maintains his/her personal
identity, taking into account his/her roots so it enriches the classroom. In this project, a
guide to good practices for responding to the educational needs of immigrant students at
school is presented, specifically in a classroom of Early Childhood Education, as a result
of bibliographical analysis and interviews with immigrant families and teachers.","Gaur egun, eskoletan ikasle etorkin asko sartzearekin batera bizi den errealitateak
behartzen du hezkuntza-sistema berrasmatzera, familia etorkinak eta haien seme-alabak
hartzeko eta integratzeko hezkuntza-ekimen berriak hartuz. Horretarako, ikastetxeek
balioetan oinarritutako hezkuntza eman behar dute, eta espazio kultural komun bat
lortzeko helburuarekin lan egin behar dute, non ikasleak bere nortasun pertsonala
mantenduko duen, bere sustraiak kontuan hartuta, ikasgelarako aberastasun bat izan
dadin. Horrela, lan honetan, ikasle etorkinek eskolan dituzten hezkuntza-beharrei
erantzuteko jardunbide egokien gida bat aurkezten da, Haur Hezkuntzako gela batean
zehazki, azterketa bibliografikoaren eta familia immigranteei eta irakasleei egindako
elkarrizketen emaitza gisa."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/55041,2022-01-18,"This paper aims to present a sports project directed towards olderly people. In such, a boxing workshop is poposed to encourage active ageing as well as the aspects that come with it. This way, focusing on the quality of life, balance and personal situation is intended 
to be offered. Those with the purpose of achieving the objectives suggested from the diagnosis of intervention, seveeral interviews regarding the whereabouts of boxing have been condutec with a number of experts. Besides, it must be remarked the rejection of 
stereotypes and the importance of sport in the field of social education.","Lan honetan, adineko pertsonei zuzendutako kirol proiektu bat aurkezten da. Bertan, zahartze aktiboa bultzatzeko eta horrekin bat datozen alderdiak hobetzeko boxeo tailerra proposatzen da. Modu horretan, batik bat bizi kalitatea, oreka, eta elkarlaguntza landuz, 
autonomia eta egoera pertsonalak hobetzeko aukera eskaini nahi da. Beraz, horretarako, hainbat adituekin elkarrizketak izan eta boxeoaren nondik norakoak aztertu dira, proposatzen den esku hartzearen diagnositik abiatuta proposatzen diren helburuak lortzeko. Horrez gain, gizarte hezkuntzaren eremuan, estereotipoen ukapena eta kirolaren 
garrantzia azpimarratzea funtsezko gakoak izango dira."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19890,2016-12-19,"For years now the greatest concern has been to produce energy the cheapest way possible, not acknowledging that the real way to save is not having to produce that energy in the first place, that is to say, a decrease in the demand. The residential sector is one of the greatest electricity consumer and there should be put this work’s focus.
This project will try to explain this fact by thermodynamically analyzing a flat and consequently rating it with a specifically designed software.
After rating it, a series of improvements should be proposed in order to increase the qualification and reduce the demand.","Urteetan zehar energia modurik merkeenean ekoizten saiatu da, kontutan eduki barik benetan merkeena dena energia ez ekoiztea dela, hau da, kontsumoa murriztea. Egoitza-sektorea elektrizitate kontsumitzailerik handienetarikoa da eta horretan fokalizatuko da lan hau.
Proiektu honetan analisi termodinamikoaren bidez etxebizitza baten behaketa energetikoa egingo da eta ondoren horrek dakarren zertifikazio energetikoa lortuko da, horretarako CE3X software-a erabiko da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/63072,2023-06-07,"Since the beginnings of the European Union, social rights have not occupied a
prominent place in its actions, since its main objective, at its start, was the creation
of a single market, having basically an economic nature. But, as time goes by,
progress and social rights have acquired an important role. However, the need to
address the important challenges that still exist in the protection and promotion of
these rights. On this point, we will try to analyze the legal framework of social
rights in the European Union through the different normative texts that have been
integrated over the years into its legal system, and this way appreciate how social
rights have been related with the primacy of the economic aspect.","Europar Batasunaren hasieratik, gizarte-eskubideek ez dute toki nabarmenik izan
haren jardunetan; izan ere, haren helburu
nagusia, sorreran, merkatu bakarra sortzea zen, eta funtsean izaera ekonomikoa
zuen. Baina, denborak aurrera egin ahala, aurrerapausoak eman dira, eta gizarteeskubideek
zeregin garrantzitsua hartu dute. Hala ere, agerikoa da eskubide
horiek babesteko eta sustatzeko oraindik dauden erronka handiei aurre egin behar
zaiela. Ildo horretan, Europar Batasuneko gizarte-eskubideen esparru
juridikoa aztertzen saiatuko gara, urteetan zehar haren ordenamendu
juridikoan txertatu diren arau-testuen bidez, eta, horrela, gizarteeskubideak
lotura ekonomikoaren nagusitasunarekin lotu direla ohartuko gara."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57043,2022-07-26,"The objective of this Final Degree Work is to analyze the importance of teamwork in Nemak organization and the commitment of people in it. For this purpose, a theoretical analysis of these elements has been performed and, subsequently, an empirical analysis with a sample.
People consulted consider teamwork important, feel a fundamental part of it and are committed to the company. Women and younger people are the most identified with teamwork, while older people attach greater importance to commitment to the organization.
(Inglés)","Gradu-amaierako lan honetan, talde-lanaren garrantzia eta pertsonek Nemak erakundean duten konpromisoa aztertuko dira. Horretarako, elementu horien azterketa teorikoa egin da eta, ondoren, analisi enpirikoa, lagin batekin.
Kontsultatutako pertsonek, talde-lana garrantzitsutzat jotzen dute, haren funtsezko parte sentitzen dira eta enpresarekin konprometituta daude. Emakumeak eta pertsona gazteenak dira talde-lanarekin gehien identifikatzen direnak; zaharrenek, berriz, garrantzi handiagoa ematen diete erakundearekiko konpromisoari.
(Euskara)"
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/19882,2016-12-19,"This document describes the use of a laboratory equipment from the heat engines
department laboratories. The equipment mentioned, so far, has been used in
the thermotechnics course in order for students to gain hands on experience with
natural convection. The aim of this project is to modify the equipment by installing a fan
so that the natural convection becomes forced convection.
The fan will be placed on one of the sides of the plate which has to be heated and will
be tested at different power levels. Consequently, the most appropriated position has to
be found by giving arguments in favour and against.
Thus, for each situation the convection coefficient will be found applying the theoretical
knowledge acquired in the thermotechnics course. In order to do the appropriate
calculations and to find the solutions, the EES software will be used.
It has to be noted that this project will be used in the future by students from ETSIB in
the thermotechnics course.","Dokumentu honetan makina eta motor termikoen laborategian dagoen ekipo baten
erabilera praktika baterako proposatzen da. Bertako ekipoa, orain arte, termoteknia
irakasgaiko ikasleek konbekzio naturalaren praktika landu dezaten erabili izan da.
Proiektu honen helburua ekipo horri haizegailu bat ezartzea da konbekzioa naturaletik
behartura pasa dadin.
Haizegailua berotzen den plakaren albo batean ipiniko da potentzia balio ezberdinetara
eta erabaki behar izango da zein egoera den aproposena aldeko eta kontrako
argudioak emanez.
Horrela, egoera bakoitzarentzat konbekzio koefizientea lortu behar izango da
termoteknia irakasgaian lortutako ezagutza teorikoa aplikatuz. Horretarako, EES
programa erabiliko da egin beharreko kalkuluak egiteko eta bilatzen den erantzuna
lortzeko.
Esan beharra dago proiektu hau etorkizuneko laborategi praktiketan erabiliko dela
BIGETen aurretik aipatutako termoteknia irakasgaian."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/58183,2022-10-25,"The Spanish system of Social Security has two levels of benefits: the contribuFon regime or the non contribuFon
one. In the first one, we can find the profesional conFngencies, being important the work related accident. Our
legislaFon defines it as any injury that an employee suffers as a consequence of the job that performs as an
employed worker. The myocardial infarcFon has been studied by our courts to accept, or not, its qualificaFon as a
work related accident. The jurisprudence caseload of the myocardial infarcFon as a work related accident is
plenFful and its evoluFon taking into account the type of accident that happens, allows us to know the extension of
the term nowadays.","Gizarte Segurantzaren Espainiako sistemak bi prestazio-maila biltzen ditu: ordaindutakoaren araberako prestazioa eta ordaindutakoaren araberakoa ez dena. Lehenengoaren, izaera profesionaleko konFngentziak daude, etagarrantzitsuenetariko
bat lan-istripua da. Gure legeriak honela definitzen du: besteren kontura egiten duen lana
dela-eta edo lan horren ondorioz langileak jasaten duen gorputz-lesioa. Gure auzitegiek miokardioko infartua aztertu dute, laneko istriputzat jotzea onartzeko edo ez onartzeko. Miokardioko infartua lan istriputzat hartzen duen jurisprduentzia ugaria da. Horrela, auzitegiek istripu motaren arabera kontzeptu hau garatuz joan dira gaur egunerarte."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/57136,2022-08-02,"English:
Functional verification of the development cards that are going to be used in a project, is fundamental to ensure that the errors that could occur during the development of the project are caused by the programming and not by a hardware malfunction. With the boom of new technologies as the RISC-V in the last years, that much are also open source, lots of manufacturers have been developing their own products based on that technology. Quality control may vary a lot between manufacturers, so hardware verification gains even more importance.

A test environment has been implemented using LabVIEW and TestStand for the verification of the interfaces needed for a control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor using the Field Oriented Control (FOC) technique. Those interfaces are the GPIOs of the card, the ADC, PWM generators, a decoder and SPI and I2C communications. A unit testing specific variable length communication protocol has been used for the communication between the PC and the device under test (DUT).

The tests needed to execute the environment have been implemented in two different development cards, of the them is a GigaDevice card that uses RISC-V architecture, and the other one is a Texas Instruments Delfino.

National Instruments new hardware LabVIEW NXG has been tested for developing the environment, but the results obtained have been unfavourable, given the amount of bugs that the software has and the fact that Nationaln Instruments is not going to release more versions of the software.

Both of the development cards have sucesfully surpassed the verification environment without any issues. In addittion, the FOC control has been implemented on the RISC-V, and it has been verifyed that the board can control the motor correctly.","Euskera:
Garapen txartelen funtzionalitatea berifikatzea ezinbestekoa da, proiektu batean gertatu daitezkeen akatsak programazioagatik sortuak direla eta hardwarraren disfunzioaren erru ez direla zihurtatzeko. RISC-Va bezalako kode irekiko teknologia berrien gorakadarekin gainera, berifikazioa are garrantzitsuagoa bihurtzen da, merkatuko aukerak asko zabaltzen direlako eta ekoizle desberdinek egindako probak oso desberdinak izan daitezkeelako.

LabVIEW eta TestStand softwareak erabiliz, test ingurune bat implementatu da iman permanenteko motor sinkrono baten kontrolerako beharrezkoak diren funtzionalitateak berifikatzeko, FOC teknika erabiliz. Kontrol horren algoritmoa implementazeko GPIOen erabilera, ADCarena, PWMarena, decoder batena, eta SPI eta I2C interfazeak beharrezkoak diren.
Ingurunea exekutatu ahal izateko tamaina aldakorreko komunikazio protokolo bat garatu da, PCa eta testeatuko diren gailuak UART bidez komunikatzeko.

Testak exekutatzeko beharrezkoak diren probak inplementatzeko bi garapen txartel desberdin erabili dira, bat GigaDevice ekoizlearena eta RISC-V arkitekturaduna, bestea, aldiz, Texas Instruments-en Delfino bat.

Probak inplementatzeko orduan LabVIEW NXG softwarea probatu da, baina lortutako emaitzak ez dira onak izan, akats asko baititu eta gainera National Instruments-ek bertsio berri gehiago aterako ez baititu.

Erabilitako bi garapen txartelek arazo gabe gainditu dute berifikazioa. Gainera, RISC-V a duen txartelean motorraren kontrola implementatu da, eta motorra arazorik gabe kontrolatzen duela ikusi da."
https://addi.ehu.es/handle/10810/25623,1993,"After a brief consideration about the state of the question regarding the effects of prison on the personality of the individual the results of an empirical research in the Basque Autonomous Community, about the personality of the in mates depending on the length of their prison stay, are presented.","Giltzapean egoteak gizabakarraren nortasunean dituen ondorioei buruzko burutapen labur bat egiten da. Geroxeago, Euskadiko Komunitate Autonomoan egindako ikerketa enpiriko baten emaitzak aurkezten dira: ikerketa hau espetxean igarotako denboraldiaren araberan atxilotuen nortasunean datza."