Datasets:
HossainRabby
/
UpdatedDataset

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
question
stringlengths
16
191
answer
stringlengths
6
29k
input_ids
list
attention_mask
list
labels
list
What is (are) Causes of Diabetes ?
Diabetes is a complex group of diseases with a variety of causes. People with diabetes have high blood glucose, also called high blood sugar or hyperglycemia. Diabetes is a disorder of metabolismthe way the body uses digested food for energy. The digestive tract breaks down carbohydratessugars and starches found in many foodsinto glucose, a form of sugar that enters the bloodstream. With the help of the hormone insulin, cells throughout the body absorb glucose and use it for energy. Diabetes develops when the body doesnt make enough insulin or is not able to use insulin effectively, or both. Insulin is made in the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. The pancreas contains clusters of cells called islets. Beta cells within the islets make insulin and release it into the blood. If beta cells dont produce enough insulin, or the body doesnt respond to the insulin that is present, glucose builds up in the blood instead of being absorbed by cells in the body, leading to prediabetes or diabetes. Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels or A1C levelswhich reflect average blood glucose levelsare higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. In diabetes, the bodys cells are starved of energy despite high blood glucose levels. Over time, high blood glucose damages nerves and blood vessels, leading to complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney disease, blindness, dental disease, and amputations. Other complications of diabetes may include increased susceptibility to other diseases, loss of mobility with aging, depression, and pregnancy problems. No one is certain what starts the processes that cause diabetes, but scientists believe genes and environmental factors interact to cause diabetes in most cases. The two main types of diabetes are type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. A third type, gestational diabetes, develops only during pregnancy. Other types of diabetes are caused by defects in specific genes, diseases of the pancreas, certain drugs or chemicals, infections, and other conditions. Some people show signs of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 330, 19726, 273, 34050, 3736, 12558, 24298, 310, 247, 2570, 1387, 273, 6578, 342, 247, 5235, 273, 5997, 15, 6491, 342, 8401, 452, 1029, 2614, 8383, 13, 671, 1925, 1029, 2614, 8618, 390, 43525, 27942, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 12558, 24298, 310, 247, 8984, 273, 11082, 783, 1039, 253, 2133, 4648, 38780, 2739, 323, 2341, 15, 380, 36013, 10649, 13471, 1066, 21742, 31892, 255, 405, 814, 1032, 285, 4177, 2706, 1119, 275, 1142, 12134, 14806, 8383, 13, 247, 830, 273, 8618, 326, 19413, 253, 2614, 4963, 15, 2726, 253, 1361, 273, 253, 14689, 9442, 13, 1341, 4768, 253, 2133, 15816, 8383, 285, 897, 352, 323, 2341, 15, 34050, 24357, 672, 253, 2133, 36908, 1056, 2217, 9442, 390, 310, 417, 2104, 281, 897, 9442, 8069, 13, 390, 1097, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 14794, 6236, 310, 1160, 275, 253, 35142, 13, 271, 1963, 4441, 3212, 253, 12607, 15, 380, 35142, 4428, 9959, 273, 1341, 1925, 48321, 15, 32913, 1341, 1561, 253, 48321, 1056, 9442, 285, 3727, 352, 715, 253, 2614, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 9840, 1341, 13414, 4711, 2217, 9442, 13, 390, 253, 2133, 36908, 3794, 281, 253, 9442, 326, 310, 1246, 13, 8383, 21168, 598, 275, 253, 2614, 3185, 273, 1146, 19360, 407, 1341, 275, 253, 2133, 13, 4283, 281, 2063, 74, 24298, 390, 8401, 15, 18271, 74, 24298, 310, 247, 1617, 275, 534, 2614, 8383, 2308, 390, 329, 18, 36, 1268, 2140, 73, 469, 4887, 3388, 2614, 8383, 2308, 609, 2169, 685, 2622, 533, 417, 1029, 2217, 281, 320, 11245, 347, 8401, 15, 496, 8401, 13, 253, 18400, 656, 1341, 403, 4177, 1272, 273, 2341, 5747, 1029, 2614, 8383, 2308, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 5279, 673, 13, 1029, 2614, 8383, 8540, 22614, 285, 2614, 12671, 13, 4283, 281, 10552, 824, 347, 2798, 2728, 13, 9980, 13, 12333, 2728, 13, 44868, 13, 16138, 2728, 13, 285, 717, 1065, 569, 15, 5131, 10552, 273, 8401, 778, 2486, 2559, 16329, 281, 643, 6578, 13, 2957, 273, 16239, 342, 15174, 13, 9454, 13, 285, 10438, 3237, 15, 1621, 581, 310, 2176, 752, 7866, 253, 4870, 326, 2847, 8401, 13, 533, 10950, 2868, 3608, 285, 6938, 2616, 8008, 281, 2847, 8401, 275, 954, 2219, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 510, 767, 2022, 3510, 273, 8401, 403, 1511, 337, 8401, 285, 1511, 374, 8401, 15, 329, 2626, 1511, 13, 34522, 8401, 13, 24357, 760, 1309, 10438, 15, 5131, 3510, 273, 8401, 403, 4269, 407, 12834, 275, 2173, 3608, 13, 6578, 273, 253, 35142, 13, 2176, 5835, 390, 17110, 13, 10332, 13, 285, 643, 2515, 15, 3808, 952, 921, 7871, 273, 1097, 1511, 337, 285, 1511, 374, 8401, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 330, 19726, 273, 34050, 3736, 12558, 24298, 310, 247, 2570, 1387, 273, 6578, 342, 247, 5235, 273, 5997, 15, 6491, 342, 8401, 452, 1029, 2614, 8383, 13, 671, 1925, 1029, 2614, 8618, 390, 43525, 27942, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 12558, 24298, 310, 247, 8984, 273, 11082, 783, 1039, 253, 2133, 4648, 38780, 2739, 323, 2341, 15, 380, 36013, 10649, 13471, 1066, 21742, 31892, 255, 405, 814, 1032, 285, 4177, 2706, 1119, 275, 1142, 12134, 14806, 8383, 13, 247, 830, 273, 8618, 326, 19413, 253, 2614, 4963, 15, 2726, 253, 1361, 273, 253, 14689, 9442, 13, 1341, 4768, 253, 2133, 15816, 8383, 285, 897, 352, 323, 2341, 15, 34050, 24357, 672, 253, 2133, 36908, 1056, 2217, 9442, 390, 310, 417, 2104, 281, 897, 9442, 8069, 13, 390, 1097, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 14794, 6236, 310, 1160, 275, 253, 35142, 13, 271, 1963, 4441, 3212, 253, 12607, 15, 380, 35142, 4428, 9959, 273, 1341, 1925, 48321, 15, 32913, 1341, 1561, 253, 48321, 1056, 9442, 285, 3727, 352, 715, 253, 2614, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 9840, 1341, 13414, 4711, 2217, 9442, 13, 390, 253, 2133, 36908, 3794, 281, 253, 9442, 326, 310, 1246, 13, 8383, 21168, 598, 275, 253, 2614, 3185, 273, 1146, 19360, 407, 1341, 275, 253, 2133, 13, 4283, 281, 2063, 74, 24298, 390, 8401, 15, 18271, 74, 24298, 310, 247, 1617, 275, 534, 2614, 8383, 2308, 390, 329, 18, 36, 1268, 2140, 73, 469, 4887, 3388, 2614, 8383, 2308, 609, 2169, 685, 2622, 533, 417, 1029, 2217, 281, 320, 11245, 347, 8401, 15, 496, 8401, 13, 253, 18400, 656, 1341, 403, 4177, 1272, 273, 2341, 5747, 1029, 2614, 8383, 2308, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 5279, 673, 13, 1029, 2614, 8383, 8540, 22614, 285, 2614, 12671, 13, 4283, 281, 10552, 824, 347, 2798, 2728, 13, 9980, 13, 12333, 2728, 13, 44868, 13, 16138, 2728, 13, 285, 717, 1065, 569, 15, 5131, 10552, 273, 8401, 778, 2486, 2559, 16329, 281, 643, 6578, 13, 2957, 273, 16239, 342, 15174, 13, 9454, 13, 285, 10438, 3237, 15, 1621, 581, 310, 2176, 752, 7866, 253, 4870, 326, 2847, 8401, 13, 533, 10950, 2868, 3608, 285, 6938, 2616, 8008, 281, 2847, 8401, 275, 954, 2219, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 510, 767, 2022, 3510, 273, 8401, 403, 1511, 337, 8401, 285, 1511, 374, 8401, 15, 329, 2626, 1511, 13, 34522, 8401, 13, 24357, 760, 1309, 10438, 15, 5131, 3510, 273, 8401, 403, 4269, 407, 12834, 275, 2173, 3608, 13, 6578, 273, 253, 35142, 13, 2176, 5835, 390, 17110, 13, 10332, 13, 285, 643, 2515, 15, 3808, 952, 921, 7871, 273, 1097, 1511, 337, 285, 1511, 374, 8401, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Neonatal hemochromatosis ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Neonatal hemochromatosis? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Neonatal hemochromatosis. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormal localization of kidney 90% Anteverted nares 90% Aplasia/Hypoplasia of the nipples 90% Blepharophimosis 90% Congenital hepatic fibrosis 90% Hypoglycemia 90% Abnormal bleeding - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Cholestasis - Cirrhosis - Congenital onset - Hepatic failure - Hepatic fibrosis - Hepatocellular necrosis - Increased serum ferritin - Increased serum iron - Intrauterine growth retardation - Nonimmune hydrops fetalis - Oligohydramnios - Prolonged neonatal jaundice - Rapidly progressive - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 3532, 251, 3165, 7492, 28759, 41272, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 3532, 251, 3165, 7492, 28759, 41272, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 3532, 251, 3165, 7492, 28759, 41272, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 6320, 14536, 273, 12333, 5091, 6, 743, 442, 13083, 295, 4420, 5091, 6, 329, 24506, 16, 39355, 4488, 13411, 273, 253, 295, 5265, 868, 5091, 6, 35526, 545, 274, 2689, 303, 2433, 5091, 6, 4731, 257, 1562, 17508, 19990, 5091, 6, 25295, 19644, 27942, 5091, 6, 3506, 6320, 14771, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 775, 311, 383, 4914, 428, 4082, 9492, 2433, 428, 4731, 257, 1562, 11653, 428, 21709, 1420, 4433, 428, 21709, 1420, 19990, 428, 21709, 255, 35810, 21467, 428, 32483, 6658, 8388, 902, 249, 428, 32483, 6658, 6871, 428, 39836, 18696, 460, 3116, 48112, 428, 8758, 20916, 4101, 793, 16728, 261, 428, 473, 3372, 1368, 10120, 3358, 79, 3783, 428, 46484, 543, 264, 25239, 8729, 1504, 547, 428, 37645, 314, 13439, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 3532, 251, 3165, 7492, 28759, 41272, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 3532, 251, 3165, 7492, 28759, 41272, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 3532, 251, 3165, 7492, 28759, 41272, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 6320, 14536, 273, 12333, 5091, 6, 743, 442, 13083, 295, 4420, 5091, 6, 329, 24506, 16, 39355, 4488, 13411, 273, 253, 295, 5265, 868, 5091, 6, 35526, 545, 274, 2689, 303, 2433, 5091, 6, 4731, 257, 1562, 17508, 19990, 5091, 6, 25295, 19644, 27942, 5091, 6, 3506, 6320, 14771, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 775, 311, 383, 4914, 428, 4082, 9492, 2433, 428, 4731, 257, 1562, 11653, 428, 21709, 1420, 4433, 428, 21709, 1420, 19990, 428, 21709, 255, 35810, 21467, 428, 32483, 6658, 8388, 902, 249, 428, 32483, 6658, 6871, 428, 39836, 18696, 460, 3116, 48112, 428, 8758, 20916, 4101, 793, 16728, 261, 428, 473, 3372, 1368, 10120, 3358, 79, 3783, 428, 46484, 543, 264, 25239, 8729, 1504, 547, 428, 37645, 314, 13439, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Autosomal recessive inheritance - Dehydration - Diarrhea - Failure to thrive - Feeding difficulties in infancy - Hyperactive renin-angiotensin system - Hyperaldosteronism - Hyperkalemia - Hyponatremia - Hypotension - Infantile onset - Metabolic acidosis - Pseudohypoaldosteronism - Recurrent respiratory infections - Renal salt wasting - Vomiting - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 10585, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 10585, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 10585, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 1605, 37249, 428, 6129, 28487, 428, 32104, 281, 34298, 428, 5721, 7022, 12748, 275, 42986, 428, 25411, 4507, 3816, 249, 14, 606, 33721, 985, 428, 25411, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 428, 25411, 26076, 9512, 428, 25295, 251, 255, 46739, 428, 25295, 302, 2452, 428, 13160, 386, 587, 11653, 428, 6365, 20038, 3527, 2433, 428, 38365, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 428, 4568, 5732, 11900, 10332, 428, 12751, 267, 7043, 31160, 428, 657, 297, 2996, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 10585, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 10585, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 10585, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 1605, 37249, 428, 6129, 28487, 428, 32104, 281, 34298, 428, 5721, 7022, 12748, 275, 42986, 428, 25411, 4507, 3816, 249, 14, 606, 33721, 985, 428, 25411, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 428, 25411, 26076, 9512, 428, 25295, 251, 255, 46739, 428, 25295, 302, 2452, 428, 13160, 386, 587, 11653, 428, 6365, 20038, 3527, 2433, 428, 38365, 1368, 3170, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 428, 4568, 5732, 11900, 10332, 428, 12751, 267, 7043, 31160, 428, 657, 297, 2996, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What are the treatments for Partington syndrome ?
How might Partington syndrome be treated? The treatment of Partington syndrome is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. For example, dystonia of the hands and other parts of the body may be treated with a variety of therapies including medications and/or physical therapy. Speech therapy may be recommended for children with dysarthria. Medications may be prescribed to help prevent and/or control recurrent seizures. Children with mild to moderate intellectual disability may benefit from special education services. For personalized information about the treatment and management of Partington syndrome, please speak to a healthcare provider.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 3512, 16240, 9237, 3736, 2347, 1537, 3512, 16240, 9237, 320, 4127, 32, 380, 1971, 273, 3512, 16240, 9237, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 17713, 5493, 571, 273, 253, 3564, 285, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 778, 320, 4127, 342, 247, 5235, 273, 17484, 1690, 16940, 285, 16, 263, 3520, 4918, 15, 38399, 4918, 778, 320, 8521, 323, 2151, 342, 7915, 5401, 5182, 15, 9718, 569, 778, 320, 15588, 281, 1361, 3657, 285, 16, 263, 1453, 18902, 26347, 15, 12757, 342, 11134, 281, 10290, 12720, 12564, 778, 5649, 432, 2714, 4730, 3238, 15, 1198, 32339, 1491, 670, 253, 1971, 285, 4323, 273, 3512, 16240, 9237, 13, 4496, 3984, 281, 247, 11723, 11716, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 3512, 16240, 9237, 3736, 2347, 1537, 3512, 16240, 9237, 320, 4127, 32, 380, 1971, 273, 3512, 16240, 9237, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 17713, 5493, 571, 273, 253, 3564, 285, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 778, 320, 4127, 342, 247, 5235, 273, 17484, 1690, 16940, 285, 16, 263, 3520, 4918, 15, 38399, 4918, 778, 320, 8521, 323, 2151, 342, 7915, 5401, 5182, 15, 9718, 569, 778, 320, 15588, 281, 1361, 3657, 285, 16, 263, 1453, 18902, 26347, 15, 12757, 342, 11134, 281, 10290, 12720, 12564, 778, 5649, 432, 2714, 4730, 3238, 15, 1198, 32339, 1491, 670, 253, 1971, 285, 4323, 273, 3512, 16240, 9237, 13, 4496, 3984, 281, 247, 11723, 11716, 15 ]
What are the genetic changes related to Tourette syndrome ?
A variety of genetic and environmental factors likely play a role in causing Tourette syndrome. Most of these factors are unknown, and researchers are studying risk factors before and after birth that may contribute to this complex disorder. Scientists believe that tics may result from changes in brain chemicals (neurotransmitters) that are responsible for producing and controlling voluntary movements. Mutations involving the SLITRK1 gene have been identified in a small number of people with Tourette syndrome. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that is active in the brain. The SLITRK1 protein probably plays a role in the development of nerve cells, including the growth of specialized extensions (axons and dendrites) that allow each nerve cell to communicate with nearby cells. It is unclear how mutations in the SLITRK1 gene can lead to this disorder. Most people with Tourette syndrome do not have a mutation in the SLITRK1 gene. Because mutations have been reported in so few people with this condition, the association of the SLITRK1 gene with this disorder has not been confirmed. Researchers suspect that changes in other genes, which have not been identified, are also associated with Tourette syndrome.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 44025, 46021, 9237, 3736, 34, 5235, 273, 6380, 285, 6938, 2616, 2779, 1132, 247, 2554, 275, 8479, 44025, 46021, 9237, 15, 5595, 273, 841, 2616, 403, 7202, 13, 285, 8607, 403, 12392, 2495, 2616, 1078, 285, 846, 4201, 326, 778, 8162, 281, 436, 2570, 8984, 15, 45273, 2868, 326, 246, 982, 778, 906, 432, 2544, 275, 3998, 17110, 313, 570, 1822, 3675, 2225, 1336, 10, 326, 403, 5506, 323, 9603, 285, 10938, 17610, 11438, 15, 50276, 31135, 569, 7668, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 452, 644, 3636, 275, 247, 1355, 1180, 273, 952, 342, 44025, 46021, 9237, 15, 831, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 310, 3939, 275, 253, 3998, 15, 380, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 2601, 3164, 7120, 247, 2554, 275, 253, 2440, 273, 11083, 1341, 13, 1690, 253, 3116, 273, 18052, 18149, 313, 991, 790, 285, 20228, 31320, 10, 326, 1581, 1016, 11083, 894, 281, 13791, 342, 10151, 1341, 15, 733, 310, 12744, 849, 9197, 275, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 476, 1421, 281, 436, 8984, 15, 50276, 10342, 952, 342, 44025, 46021, 9237, 513, 417, 452, 247, 10577, 275, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 15, 4923, 9197, 452, 644, 2361, 275, 594, 1643, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 13, 253, 5864, 273, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 342, 436, 8984, 556, 417, 644, 5783, 15, 43133, 9101, 326, 2544, 275, 643, 3608, 13, 534, 452, 417, 644, 3636, 13, 403, 671, 2330, 342, 44025, 46021, 9237, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 44025, 46021, 9237, 3736, 34, 5235, 273, 6380, 285, 6938, 2616, 2779, 1132, 247, 2554, 275, 8479, 44025, 46021, 9237, 15, 5595, 273, 841, 2616, 403, 7202, 13, 285, 8607, 403, 12392, 2495, 2616, 1078, 285, 846, 4201, 326, 778, 8162, 281, 436, 2570, 8984, 15, 45273, 2868, 326, 246, 982, 778, 906, 432, 2544, 275, 3998, 17110, 313, 570, 1822, 3675, 2225, 1336, 10, 326, 403, 5506, 323, 9603, 285, 10938, 17610, 11438, 15, 50276, 31135, 569, 7668, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 452, 644, 3636, 275, 247, 1355, 1180, 273, 952, 342, 44025, 46021, 9237, 15, 831, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 310, 3939, 275, 253, 3998, 15, 380, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 2601, 3164, 7120, 247, 2554, 275, 253, 2440, 273, 11083, 1341, 13, 1690, 253, 3116, 273, 18052, 18149, 313, 991, 790, 285, 20228, 31320, 10, 326, 1581, 1016, 11083, 894, 281, 13791, 342, 10151, 1341, 15, 733, 310, 12744, 849, 9197, 275, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 476, 1421, 281, 436, 8984, 15, 50276, 10342, 952, 342, 44025, 46021, 9237, 513, 417, 452, 247, 10577, 275, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 15, 4923, 9197, 452, 644, 2361, 275, 594, 1643, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 13, 253, 5864, 273, 253, 14532, 1433, 50139, 18, 3320, 342, 436, 8984, 556, 417, 644, 5783, 15, 43133, 9101, 326, 2544, 275, 643, 3608, 13, 534, 452, 417, 644, 3636, 13, 403, 671, 2330, 342, 44025, 46021, 9237, 15 ]
How many people are affected by myostatin-related muscle hypertrophy ?
The prevalence of this condition is unknown.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 619, 49897, 14, 4919, 6616, 37416, 3736, 510, 8996, 273, 436, 1617, 310, 7202, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 619, 49897, 14, 4919, 6616, 37416, 3736, 510, 8996, 273, 436, 1617, 310, 7202, 15 ]
What is (are) Kearns-Sayre syndrome ?
Kearns-Sayre syndrome is a condition that affects many parts of the body, especially the eyes. The features of Kearns-Sayre syndrome usually appear before age 20, and the condition is diagnosed by a few characteristic signs and symptoms. People with Kearns-Sayre syndrome have progressive external ophthalmoplegia, which is weakness or paralysis of the eye muscles that impairs eye movement and causes drooping eyelids (ptosis). Affected individuals also have an eye condition called pigmentary retinopathy, which results from breakdown (degeneration) of the light-sensing tissue at the back of the eye (the retina) that gives it a speckled and streaked appearance. The retinopathy may cause loss of vision. In addition, people with Kearns-Sayre syndrome have at least one of the following signs or symptoms: abnormalities of the electrical signals that control the heartbeat (cardiac conduction defects), problems with coordination and balance that cause unsteadiness while walking (ataxia), or abnormally high levels of protein in the fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord (the cerebrospinal fluid or CSF). People with Kearns-Sayre syndrome may also experience muscle weakness in their limbs, deafness, kidney problems, or a deterioration of cognitive functions (dementia). Affected individuals often have short stature. In addition, diabetes mellitus is occasionally seen in people with Kearns-Sayre syndrome. When the muscle cells of affected individuals are stained and viewed under a microscope, these cells usually appear abnormal. The abnormal muscle cells contain an excess of structures called mitochondria and are known as ragged-red fibers. A related condition called ophthalmoplegia-plus may be diagnosed if an individual has many of the signs and symptoms of Kearns-Sayre syndrome but not all the criteria are met.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 3736, 44, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 310, 247, 1617, 326, 11852, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 13, 3340, 253, 2927, 15, 380, 3386, 273, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 3798, 3176, 1078, 2363, 1384, 13, 285, 253, 1617, 310, 11245, 407, 247, 1643, 8847, 7871, 285, 5917, 15, 6491, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 452, 13439, 6024, 39109, 78, 879, 45795, 13, 534, 310, 14855, 390, 45050, 273, 253, 5130, 13370, 326, 1607, 3514, 5130, 4866, 285, 5997, 3926, 18225, 32153, 2352, 313, 431, 2433, 481, 329, 21494, 4292, 671, 452, 271, 5130, 1617, 1925, 30448, 552, 26965, 15819, 13, 534, 1543, 432, 19501, 313, 615, 14520, 10, 273, 253, 1708, 14, 6209, 272, 4408, 387, 253, 896, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 783, 30067, 10, 326, 4245, 352, 247, 46067, 1070, 285, 6126, 6840, 7286, 15, 380, 26965, 15819, 778, 2847, 2957, 273, 8113, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 952, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 452, 387, 1878, 581, 273, 253, 1563, 7871, 390, 5917, 27, 19147, 273, 253, 8545, 6298, 326, 1453, 253, 43534, 313, 9290, 14427, 26913, 12834, 582, 3237, 342, 19915, 285, 6654, 326, 2847, 440, 26463, 1632, 1223, 7824, 313, 682, 36592, 582, 390, 32459, 595, 1029, 2308, 273, 2601, 275, 253, 6514, 326, 46168, 285, 24696, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 313, 783, 34879, 45895, 6514, 390, 25601, 481, 50276, 8836, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 778, 671, 2793, 6616, 14855, 275, 616, 24601, 13, 26057, 1255, 13, 12333, 3237, 13, 390, 247, 28153, 273, 9699, 3470, 313, 69, 19914, 481, 329, 21494, 4292, 2223, 452, 2159, 45540, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 8401, 27000, 310, 13949, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 15, 50276, 3039, 253, 6616, 1341, 273, 5876, 4292, 403, 13968, 285, 11575, 762, 247, 17199, 13, 841, 1341, 3798, 3176, 10969, 15, 380, 10969, 6616, 1341, 3831, 271, 6714, 273, 5289, 1925, 22116, 285, 403, 1929, 347, 49109, 14, 433, 13154, 15, 50276, 34, 2905, 1617, 1925, 39109, 78, 879, 45795, 14, 11095, 778, 320, 11245, 604, 271, 2060, 556, 1142, 273, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 533, 417, 512, 253, 6866, 403, 1313, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 3736, 44, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 310, 247, 1617, 326, 11852, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 13, 3340, 253, 2927, 15, 380, 3386, 273, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 3798, 3176, 1078, 2363, 1384, 13, 285, 253, 1617, 310, 11245, 407, 247, 1643, 8847, 7871, 285, 5917, 15, 6491, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 452, 13439, 6024, 39109, 78, 879, 45795, 13, 534, 310, 14855, 390, 45050, 273, 253, 5130, 13370, 326, 1607, 3514, 5130, 4866, 285, 5997, 3926, 18225, 32153, 2352, 313, 431, 2433, 481, 329, 21494, 4292, 671, 452, 271, 5130, 1617, 1925, 30448, 552, 26965, 15819, 13, 534, 1543, 432, 19501, 313, 615, 14520, 10, 273, 253, 1708, 14, 6209, 272, 4408, 387, 253, 896, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 783, 30067, 10, 326, 4245, 352, 247, 46067, 1070, 285, 6126, 6840, 7286, 15, 380, 26965, 15819, 778, 2847, 2957, 273, 8113, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 952, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 452, 387, 1878, 581, 273, 253, 1563, 7871, 390, 5917, 27, 19147, 273, 253, 8545, 6298, 326, 1453, 253, 43534, 313, 9290, 14427, 26913, 12834, 582, 3237, 342, 19915, 285, 6654, 326, 2847, 440, 26463, 1632, 1223, 7824, 313, 682, 36592, 582, 390, 32459, 595, 1029, 2308, 273, 2601, 275, 253, 6514, 326, 46168, 285, 24696, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 313, 783, 34879, 45895, 6514, 390, 25601, 481, 50276, 8836, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 778, 671, 2793, 6616, 14855, 275, 616, 24601, 13, 26057, 1255, 13, 12333, 3237, 13, 390, 247, 28153, 273, 9699, 3470, 313, 69, 19914, 481, 329, 21494, 4292, 2223, 452, 2159, 45540, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 8401, 27000, 310, 13949, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 15, 50276, 3039, 253, 6616, 1341, 273, 5876, 4292, 403, 13968, 285, 11575, 762, 247, 17199, 13, 841, 1341, 3798, 3176, 10969, 15, 380, 10969, 6616, 1341, 3831, 271, 6714, 273, 5289, 1925, 22116, 285, 403, 1929, 347, 49109, 14, 433, 13154, 15, 50276, 34, 2905, 1617, 1925, 39109, 78, 879, 45795, 14, 11095, 778, 320, 11245, 604, 271, 2060, 556, 1142, 273, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 611, 613, 2224, 14, 27128, 250, 9237, 533, 417, 512, 253, 6866, 403, 1313, 15 ]
What are the treatments for Nasopharyngeal Cancer ?
Key Points - There are different types of treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. - Three types of standard treatment are used: - Radiation therapy - Chemotherapy - Surgery - New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials. - Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. - Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment. - Follow-up tests may be needed. There are different types of treatment for patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. Different types of treatment are available for patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. Some treatments are standard (the currently used treatment), and some are being tested in clinical trials. A treatment clinical trial is a research study meant to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients with cancer. When clinical trials show that a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, the new treatment may become the standard treatment. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. Some clinical trials are open only to patients who have not started treatment. Three types of standard treatment are used: Radiation therapy Radiation therapy is a cancer treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing. There are two types of radiation therapy: - External radiation therapy uses a machine outside the body to send radiation toward the cancer. Certain ways of giving radiation therapy can help keep radiation from damaging nearby healthy tissue. These types of radiation therapy include the following: - Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT): IMRT is a type of 3-dimensional (3-D) radiation therapy that uses a computer to make pictures of the size and shape of the tumor. Thin beams of radiation of different intensities (strengths) are aimed at the tumor from many angles. Compared to standard radiation therapy, intensity-modulated radiation therapy may be less likely to cause dry mouth. - Stereotactic radiation therapy: A rigid head frame is attached to the skull to keep the head still during the radiation treatment. A machine aims radiation directly at the tumor. The total dose of radiation is divided into several smaller doses given over several days. This procedure is also called stereotactic external-beam radiation therapy and stereotaxic radiation therapy. - Internal radiation therapy uses a radioactive substance sealed in needles, seeds, wires, or catheters that are placed directly into or near the cancer. The way the radiation therapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated. External and internal radiation therapy are used to treat nasopharyngeal cancer. External radiation therapy to the thyroid or the pituitary gland may change the way the thyroid gland works. A blood test to check the thyroid hormone level in the blood is done before and after therapy to make sure the thyroid gland is working properly. It is also important that a dentist check the patients teeth, gums, and mouth, and fix any existing problems before radiation therapy begins. Chemotherapy Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. When chemotherapy is taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body (systemic chemotherapy). When chemotherapy is placed directly into the cerebrospinal fluid, an organ, or a body cavity such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect cancer cells in those areas (regional chemotherapy). The way the chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated. Chemotherapy may be given after radiation therapy to kill any cancer cells that are left. Treatment given after radiation therapy, to lower the risk that the cancer will come back, is called adjuvant therapy. See Drugs Approved for Head and Neck Cancer for more information. (Nasopharyngeal cancer is a type of head and neck cancer.) Surgery Surgery is a procedure to find out whether cancer is present, to remove cancer from the body, or to repair a body part. Also called an operation. Surgery is sometimes used for nasopharyngeal cancer that does not respond to radiation therapy. If cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, the doctor may remove lymph nodes and other tissues in the neck. New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials. Information about clinical trials is available from the NCI website. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be the best treatment choice. Clinical trials are part of the cancer research process. Clinical trials are done to find out if new cancer treatments are safe and effective or better than the standard treatment. Many of today's standard treatments for cancer are based on earlier clinical trials. Patients who take part in a clinical trial may receive the standard treatment or be among the first to receive a new treatment. Patients who take part in clinical trials also help improve the way cancer will be treated in the future. Even when clinical trials do not lead to effective new treatments, they often answer important questions and help move research forward. Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment. Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from recurring (coming back) or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. See the Treatment Options section that follows for links to current treatment clinical trials. These have been retrieved from NCI's listing of clinical trials. Follow-up tests may be needed. Some of the tests that were done to diagnose the cancer or to find out the stage of the cancer may be repeated. Some tests will be repeated in order to see how well the treatment is working. Decisions about whether to continue, change, or stop treatment may be based on the results of these tests. Some of the tests will continue to be done from time to time after treatment has ended. The results of these tests can show if your condition has changed or if the cancer has recurred (come back). These tests are sometimes called follow-up tests or check-ups. Treatment Options by Stage Stage I Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treatment of stage I nasopharyngeal cancer is usually radiation therapy to the tumor and lymph nodes in the neck. Check the list of NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage I nasopharyngeal cancer. For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI website. Stage II Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treatment of stage II nasopharyngeal cancer may include the following: - Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, followed by more chemotherapy. - Radiation therapy to the tumor and lymph nodes in the neck. Check the list of NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage II nasopharyngeal cancer. For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI website. Stage III Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treatment of stage III nasopharyngeal cancer may include the following: - Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, which may be followed by more chemotherapy. - Radiation therapy. - Radiation therapy followed by surgery to remove cancer -containing lymph nodes in the neck that remain or come back after radiation therapy. - A clinical trial of chemotherapy given before, with, or after radiation therapy. Check the list of NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage III nasopharyngeal cancer. For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI website. Stage IV Nasopharyngeal Cancer Treatment of stage IV nasopharyngeal cancer may include the following: - Chemotherapy given with radiation therapy, followed by more chemotherapy. - Radiation therapy. - Radiation therapy followed by surgery to remove cancer -containing lymph nodes in the neck that remain or come back after radiation therapy. - Chemotherapy for cancer that has metastasized (spread) to other parts of the body. - A clinical trial of chemotherapy given before, with, or after radiation therapy. Check the list of NCI-supported cancer clinical trials that are now accepting patients with stage IV nasopharyngeal cancer. For more specific results, refine the search by using other search features, such as the location of the trial, the type of treatment, or the name of the drug. Talk with your doctor about clinical trials that may be right for you. General information about clinical trials is available from the NCI website.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 1707, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 1971, 323, 1363, 342, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 50273, 14, 9064, 3510, 273, 2629, 1971, 403, 908, 27, 50269, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 50272, 14, 11382, 7805, 50272, 14, 34621, 50269, 14, 1457, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 50273, 14, 12493, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 50274, 14, 12493, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 50274, 14, 19166, 14, 484, 5216, 778, 320, 3058, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 1971, 323, 1363, 342, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 187, 50258, 21956, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 2130, 323, 1363, 342, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 3808, 9694, 403, 2629, 313, 783, 4390, 908, 1971, 582, 285, 690, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 329, 1971, 3382, 2332, 310, 247, 2561, 1263, 5486, 281, 1361, 3157, 1655, 9694, 390, 4044, 1491, 327, 747, 9694, 323, 1363, 342, 2923, 15, 2091, 3382, 7587, 921, 326, 247, 747, 1971, 310, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 13, 253, 747, 1971, 778, 2489, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 12493, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 3808, 3382, 7587, 403, 1527, 760, 281, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 3053, 1971, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 11831, 3510, 273, 2629, 1971, 403, 908, 27, 187, 50258, 13021, 2492, 4918, 50272, 13021, 2492, 4918, 310, 247, 2923, 1971, 326, 4648, 1029, 14, 14115, 1269, 14, 20237, 390, 643, 3510, 273, 7742, 281, 5159, 2923, 1341, 390, 1978, 731, 432, 5675, 15, 1707, 403, 767, 3510, 273, 7742, 4918, 27, 50266, 14, 50276, 7504, 7742, 4918, 4648, 247, 5145, 3345, 253, 2133, 281, 5007, 7742, 2584, 253, 2923, 15, 35110, 4088, 273, 4933, 7742, 4918, 476, 1361, 1978, 7742, 432, 24038, 10151, 5875, 4408, 15, 2053, 3510, 273, 7742, 4918, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50260, 14, 50275, 4807, 2741, 14, 2307, 2907, 7742, 4918, 313, 2894, 4708, 2262, 10744, 4708, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 495, 14, 6967, 313, 20, 14, 37, 10, 7742, 4918, 326, 4648, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 7968, 273, 253, 1979, 285, 5281, 273, 253, 4502, 15, 596, 249, 20435, 273, 7742, 273, 1027, 26112, 313, 296, 3755, 20556, 10, 403, 11205, 387, 253, 4502, 432, 1142, 14636, 15, 20901, 281, 2629, 7742, 4918, 13, 7133, 14, 2307, 2907, 7742, 4918, 778, 320, 1679, 2779, 281, 2847, 6079, 6208, 15, 50271, 14, 50276, 6812, 250, 302, 9994, 7742, 4918, 27, 329, 16572, 1481, 3665, 310, 7660, 281, 253, 19567, 281, 1978, 253, 1481, 1335, 1309, 253, 7742, 1971, 15, 329, 5145, 13698, 7742, 3587, 387, 253, 4502, 15, 380, 2264, 6178, 273, 7742, 310, 4272, 715, 2067, 4577, 12768, 1677, 689, 2067, 1897, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 14166, 302, 9994, 6024, 14, 33312, 7742, 4918, 285, 14166, 302, 991, 280, 7742, 4918, 15, 50262, 14, 50276, 19996, 7742, 4918, 4648, 247, 33419, 10359, 18495, 275, 32545, 13, 12922, 13, 20343, 13, 390, 15517, 1336, 326, 403, 4845, 3587, 715, 390, 2822, 253, 2923, 15, 50267, 510, 1039, 253, 7742, 4918, 310, 1677, 7024, 327, 253, 1511, 285, 3924, 273, 253, 2923, 1146, 4127, 15, 37320, 285, 4812, 7742, 4918, 403, 908, 281, 1555, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 50274, 7504, 7742, 4918, 281, 253, 17298, 390, 253, 37804, 21147, 778, 1818, 253, 1039, 253, 17298, 21147, 2987, 15, 329, 2614, 1071, 281, 2451, 253, 17298, 14689, 1268, 275, 253, 2614, 310, 2218, 1078, 285, 846, 4918, 281, 1056, 2119, 253, 17298, 21147, 310, 2444, 6283, 15, 733, 310, 671, 1774, 326, 247, 40069, 2451, 253, 1363, 9970, 13, 305, 7640, 13, 285, 6208, 13, 285, 4993, 667, 5368, 3237, 1078, 7742, 4918, 9513, 15, 50271, 29845, 7805, 50272, 29845, 7805, 310, 247, 2923, 1971, 326, 4648, 5835, 281, 3523, 253, 3116, 273, 2923, 1341, 13, 2057, 407, 9811, 253, 1341, 390, 407, 15910, 731, 432, 23534, 15, 2091, 13215, 310, 2668, 407, 6208, 390, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 390, 6616, 13, 253, 5835, 4901, 253, 2614, 4963, 285, 476, 3986, 2923, 1341, 4768, 253, 2133, 313, 10394, 280, 13215, 481, 2091, 13215, 310, 4845, 3587, 715, 253, 34879, 45895, 6514, 13, 271, 1963, 13, 390, 247, 2133, 13369, 824, 347, 253, 30781, 13, 253, 5835, 7194, 2818, 2923, 1341, 275, 1110, 3672, 313, 1747, 1593, 13215, 481, 380, 1039, 253, 13215, 310, 1677, 7024, 327, 253, 1511, 285, 3924, 273, 253, 2923, 1146, 4127, 15, 50273, 29845, 7805, 778, 320, 1677, 846, 7742, 4918, 281, 5159, 667, 2923, 1341, 326, 403, 1669, 15, 17012, 1677, 846, 7742, 4918, 13, 281, 2406, 253, 2495, 326, 253, 2923, 588, 1705, 896, 13, 310, 1925, 29398, 4918, 15, 50274, 5035, 45124, 17274, 1272, 323, 12318, 285, 3532, 777, 13877, 323, 625, 1491, 15, 313, 47, 284, 2689, 28643, 2923, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 1481, 285, 7623, 2923, 2698, 50271, 14102, 5158, 50272, 14102, 5158, 310, 247, 5199, 281, 1089, 562, 1880, 2923, 310, 1246, 13, 281, 5386, 2923, 432, 253, 2133, 13, 390, 281, 8706, 247, 2133, 629, 15, 5220, 1925, 271, 4254, 15, 34621, 310, 4536, 908, 323, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 326, 1057, 417, 3794, 281, 7742, 4918, 15, 1310, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 13, 253, 7345, 778, 5386, 6946, 7632, 285, 643, 7944, 275, 253, 7623, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 4257, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50258, 21166, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 187, 50258, 2214, 690, 1363, 13, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 320, 253, 1682, 1971, 4327, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 629, 273, 253, 2923, 2561, 1232, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 747, 2923, 9694, 403, 4999, 285, 3576, 390, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 50275, 10195, 273, 3063, 434, 2629, 9694, 323, 2923, 403, 1754, 327, 4321, 3382, 7587, 15, 12493, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 4763, 253, 2629, 1971, 390, 320, 2190, 253, 806, 281, 4763, 247, 747, 1971, 15, 50275, 29139, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 3382, 7587, 671, 1361, 3157, 253, 1039, 2923, 588, 320, 4127, 275, 253, 2852, 15, 4952, 672, 3382, 7587, 513, 417, 1421, 281, 3576, 747, 9694, 13, 597, 2223, 3662, 1774, 3533, 285, 1361, 2118, 2561, 3579, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 3382, 7587, 760, 2486, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 2568, 2959, 1971, 15, 5131, 7587, 1071, 9694, 323, 1363, 3692, 2923, 556, 417, 12759, 1805, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 3382, 7587, 326, 1071, 747, 4088, 281, 3523, 2923, 432, 36108, 313, 4202, 896, 10, 390, 4796, 253, 1930, 2538, 273, 2923, 1971, 15, 50275, 30466, 7587, 403, 3192, 1659, 275, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 2594, 253, 17012, 27921, 2593, 326, 3637, 323, 4859, 281, 1655, 1971, 3382, 7587, 15, 2053, 452, 644, 22111, 432, 427, 7142, 434, 16485, 273, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 18905, 14, 484, 5216, 778, 320, 3058, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 273, 253, 5216, 326, 497, 2218, 281, 33901, 253, 2923, 390, 281, 1089, 562, 253, 3924, 273, 253, 2923, 778, 320, 6015, 15, 3808, 5216, 588, 320, 6015, 275, 1340, 281, 923, 849, 973, 253, 1971, 310, 2444, 15, 7659, 3836, 670, 1880, 281, 4035, 13, 1818, 13, 390, 3523, 1971, 778, 320, 1754, 327, 253, 1543, 273, 841, 5216, 15, 50275, 6080, 273, 253, 5216, 588, 4035, 281, 320, 2218, 432, 673, 281, 673, 846, 1971, 556, 7402, 15, 380, 1543, 273, 841, 5216, 476, 921, 604, 634, 1617, 556, 4391, 390, 604, 253, 2923, 556, 11896, 433, 313, 3188, 896, 481, 2053, 5216, 403, 4536, 1925, 956, 14, 484, 5216, 390, 2451, 14, 8777, 15, 187, 50262, 988, 50270, 988, 50266, 40189, 27921, 407, 23266, 988, 50266, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 309, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 309, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 310, 3798, 7742, 4918, 281, 253, 4502, 285, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 15, 50275, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 309, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 988, 50262, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 3719, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 3719, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 778, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 29845, 7805, 1677, 342, 7742, 4918, 13, 3560, 407, 625, 13215, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 281, 253, 4502, 285, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 15, 50270, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 3719, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 988, 50262, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 6490, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 6490, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 778, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 29845, 7805, 1677, 342, 7742, 4918, 13, 534, 778, 320, 3560, 407, 625, 13215, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 3560, 407, 5869, 281, 5386, 2923, 428, 15408, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 326, 3464, 390, 1705, 896, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 329, 3382, 2332, 273, 13215, 1677, 1078, 13, 342, 13, 390, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50270, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 6490, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 988, 50262, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 8019, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 8019, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 778, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 29845, 7805, 1677, 342, 7742, 4918, 13, 3560, 407, 625, 13215, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 3560, 407, 5869, 281, 5386, 2923, 428, 15408, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 326, 3464, 390, 1705, 896, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 11382, 7805, 323, 2923, 326, 556, 8866, 284, 1025, 313, 42755, 10, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 329, 3382, 2332, 273, 13215, 1677, 1078, 13, 342, 13, 390, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50270, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 8019, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 1707, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 1971, 323, 1363, 342, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 50273, 14, 9064, 3510, 273, 2629, 1971, 403, 908, 27, 50269, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 50272, 14, 11382, 7805, 50272, 14, 34621, 50269, 14, 1457, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 50273, 14, 12493, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 50274, 14, 12493, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 50274, 14, 19166, 14, 484, 5216, 778, 320, 3058, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 1971, 323, 1363, 342, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 187, 50258, 21956, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 2130, 323, 1363, 342, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 3808, 9694, 403, 2629, 313, 783, 4390, 908, 1971, 582, 285, 690, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 329, 1971, 3382, 2332, 310, 247, 2561, 1263, 5486, 281, 1361, 3157, 1655, 9694, 390, 4044, 1491, 327, 747, 9694, 323, 1363, 342, 2923, 15, 2091, 3382, 7587, 921, 326, 247, 747, 1971, 310, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 13, 253, 747, 1971, 778, 2489, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 12493, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 3808, 3382, 7587, 403, 1527, 760, 281, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 3053, 1971, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 11831, 3510, 273, 2629, 1971, 403, 908, 27, 187, 50258, 13021, 2492, 4918, 50272, 13021, 2492, 4918, 310, 247, 2923, 1971, 326, 4648, 1029, 14, 14115, 1269, 14, 20237, 390, 643, 3510, 273, 7742, 281, 5159, 2923, 1341, 390, 1978, 731, 432, 5675, 15, 1707, 403, 767, 3510, 273, 7742, 4918, 27, 50266, 14, 50276, 7504, 7742, 4918, 4648, 247, 5145, 3345, 253, 2133, 281, 5007, 7742, 2584, 253, 2923, 15, 35110, 4088, 273, 4933, 7742, 4918, 476, 1361, 1978, 7742, 432, 24038, 10151, 5875, 4408, 15, 2053, 3510, 273, 7742, 4918, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50260, 14, 50275, 4807, 2741, 14, 2307, 2907, 7742, 4918, 313, 2894, 4708, 2262, 10744, 4708, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 495, 14, 6967, 313, 20, 14, 37, 10, 7742, 4918, 326, 4648, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 7968, 273, 253, 1979, 285, 5281, 273, 253, 4502, 15, 596, 249, 20435, 273, 7742, 273, 1027, 26112, 313, 296, 3755, 20556, 10, 403, 11205, 387, 253, 4502, 432, 1142, 14636, 15, 20901, 281, 2629, 7742, 4918, 13, 7133, 14, 2307, 2907, 7742, 4918, 778, 320, 1679, 2779, 281, 2847, 6079, 6208, 15, 50271, 14, 50276, 6812, 250, 302, 9994, 7742, 4918, 27, 329, 16572, 1481, 3665, 310, 7660, 281, 253, 19567, 281, 1978, 253, 1481, 1335, 1309, 253, 7742, 1971, 15, 329, 5145, 13698, 7742, 3587, 387, 253, 4502, 15, 380, 2264, 6178, 273, 7742, 310, 4272, 715, 2067, 4577, 12768, 1677, 689, 2067, 1897, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 14166, 302, 9994, 6024, 14, 33312, 7742, 4918, 285, 14166, 302, 991, 280, 7742, 4918, 15, 50262, 14, 50276, 19996, 7742, 4918, 4648, 247, 33419, 10359, 18495, 275, 32545, 13, 12922, 13, 20343, 13, 390, 15517, 1336, 326, 403, 4845, 3587, 715, 390, 2822, 253, 2923, 15, 50267, 510, 1039, 253, 7742, 4918, 310, 1677, 7024, 327, 253, 1511, 285, 3924, 273, 253, 2923, 1146, 4127, 15, 37320, 285, 4812, 7742, 4918, 403, 908, 281, 1555, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 50274, 7504, 7742, 4918, 281, 253, 17298, 390, 253, 37804, 21147, 778, 1818, 253, 1039, 253, 17298, 21147, 2987, 15, 329, 2614, 1071, 281, 2451, 253, 17298, 14689, 1268, 275, 253, 2614, 310, 2218, 1078, 285, 846, 4918, 281, 1056, 2119, 253, 17298, 21147, 310, 2444, 6283, 15, 733, 310, 671, 1774, 326, 247, 40069, 2451, 253, 1363, 9970, 13, 305, 7640, 13, 285, 6208, 13, 285, 4993, 667, 5368, 3237, 1078, 7742, 4918, 9513, 15, 50271, 29845, 7805, 50272, 29845, 7805, 310, 247, 2923, 1971, 326, 4648, 5835, 281, 3523, 253, 3116, 273, 2923, 1341, 13, 2057, 407, 9811, 253, 1341, 390, 407, 15910, 731, 432, 23534, 15, 2091, 13215, 310, 2668, 407, 6208, 390, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 390, 6616, 13, 253, 5835, 4901, 253, 2614, 4963, 285, 476, 3986, 2923, 1341, 4768, 253, 2133, 313, 10394, 280, 13215, 481, 2091, 13215, 310, 4845, 3587, 715, 253, 34879, 45895, 6514, 13, 271, 1963, 13, 390, 247, 2133, 13369, 824, 347, 253, 30781, 13, 253, 5835, 7194, 2818, 2923, 1341, 275, 1110, 3672, 313, 1747, 1593, 13215, 481, 380, 1039, 253, 13215, 310, 1677, 7024, 327, 253, 1511, 285, 3924, 273, 253, 2923, 1146, 4127, 15, 50273, 29845, 7805, 778, 320, 1677, 846, 7742, 4918, 281, 5159, 667, 2923, 1341, 326, 403, 1669, 15, 17012, 1677, 846, 7742, 4918, 13, 281, 2406, 253, 2495, 326, 253, 2923, 588, 1705, 896, 13, 310, 1925, 29398, 4918, 15, 50274, 5035, 45124, 17274, 1272, 323, 12318, 285, 3532, 777, 13877, 323, 625, 1491, 15, 313, 47, 284, 2689, 28643, 2923, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 1481, 285, 7623, 2923, 2698, 50271, 14102, 5158, 50272, 14102, 5158, 310, 247, 5199, 281, 1089, 562, 1880, 2923, 310, 1246, 13, 281, 5386, 2923, 432, 253, 2133, 13, 390, 281, 8706, 247, 2133, 629, 15, 5220, 1925, 271, 4254, 15, 34621, 310, 4536, 908, 323, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 326, 1057, 417, 3794, 281, 7742, 4918, 15, 1310, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 13, 253, 7345, 778, 5386, 6946, 7632, 285, 643, 7944, 275, 253, 7623, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 4257, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50258, 21166, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 187, 50258, 2214, 690, 1363, 13, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 320, 253, 1682, 1971, 4327, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 629, 273, 253, 2923, 2561, 1232, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 747, 2923, 9694, 403, 4999, 285, 3576, 390, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 50275, 10195, 273, 3063, 434, 2629, 9694, 323, 2923, 403, 1754, 327, 4321, 3382, 7587, 15, 12493, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 4763, 253, 2629, 1971, 390, 320, 2190, 253, 806, 281, 4763, 247, 747, 1971, 15, 50275, 29139, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 3382, 7587, 671, 1361, 3157, 253, 1039, 2923, 588, 320, 4127, 275, 253, 2852, 15, 4952, 672, 3382, 7587, 513, 417, 1421, 281, 3576, 747, 9694, 13, 597, 2223, 3662, 1774, 3533, 285, 1361, 2118, 2561, 3579, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 3382, 7587, 760, 2486, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 2568, 2959, 1971, 15, 5131, 7587, 1071, 9694, 323, 1363, 3692, 2923, 556, 417, 12759, 1805, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 3382, 7587, 326, 1071, 747, 4088, 281, 3523, 2923, 432, 36108, 313, 4202, 896, 10, 390, 4796, 253, 1930, 2538, 273, 2923, 1971, 15, 50275, 30466, 7587, 403, 3192, 1659, 275, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 2594, 253, 17012, 27921, 2593, 326, 3637, 323, 4859, 281, 1655, 1971, 3382, 7587, 15, 2053, 452, 644, 22111, 432, 427, 7142, 434, 16485, 273, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 18905, 14, 484, 5216, 778, 320, 3058, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 273, 253, 5216, 326, 497, 2218, 281, 33901, 253, 2923, 390, 281, 1089, 562, 253, 3924, 273, 253, 2923, 778, 320, 6015, 15, 3808, 5216, 588, 320, 6015, 275, 1340, 281, 923, 849, 973, 253, 1971, 310, 2444, 15, 7659, 3836, 670, 1880, 281, 4035, 13, 1818, 13, 390, 3523, 1971, 778, 320, 1754, 327, 253, 1543, 273, 841, 5216, 15, 50275, 6080, 273, 253, 5216, 588, 4035, 281, 320, 2218, 432, 673, 281, 673, 846, 1971, 556, 7402, 15, 380, 1543, 273, 841, 5216, 476, 921, 604, 634, 1617, 556, 4391, 390, 604, 253, 2923, 556, 11896, 433, 313, 3188, 896, 481, 2053, 5216, 403, 4536, 1925, 956, 14, 484, 5216, 390, 2451, 14, 8777, 15, 187, 50262, 988, 50270, 988, 50266, 40189, 27921, 407, 23266, 988, 50266, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 309, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 309, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 310, 3798, 7742, 4918, 281, 253, 4502, 285, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 15, 50275, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 309, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 988, 50262, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 3719, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 3719, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 778, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 29845, 7805, 1677, 342, 7742, 4918, 13, 3560, 407, 625, 13215, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 281, 253, 4502, 285, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 15, 50270, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 3719, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 988, 50262, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 6490, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 6490, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 778, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 29845, 7805, 1677, 342, 7742, 4918, 13, 534, 778, 320, 3560, 407, 625, 13215, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 3560, 407, 5869, 281, 5386, 2923, 428, 15408, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 326, 3464, 390, 1705, 896, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 329, 3382, 2332, 273, 13215, 1677, 1078, 13, 342, 13, 390, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50270, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 6490, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 988, 50262, 988, 50262, 988, 50258, 30635, 8019, 30672, 2689, 28643, 13877, 988, 50258, 40189, 273, 3924, 8019, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 778, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 29845, 7805, 1677, 342, 7742, 4918, 13, 3560, 407, 625, 13215, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 7754, 2492, 4918, 3560, 407, 5869, 281, 5386, 2923, 428, 15408, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 7623, 326, 3464, 390, 1705, 896, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50274, 14, 11382, 7805, 323, 2923, 326, 556, 8866, 284, 1025, 313, 42755, 10, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 329, 3382, 2332, 273, 13215, 1677, 1078, 13, 342, 13, 390, 846, 7742, 4918, 15, 50270, 9063, 253, 1618, 273, 427, 7142, 14, 19391, 2923, 3382, 7587, 326, 403, 1024, 18738, 1363, 342, 3924, 8019, 13332, 2689, 28643, 2923, 15, 1198, 625, 2173, 1543, 13, 39494, 253, 3186, 407, 970, 643, 3186, 3386, 13, 824, 347, 253, 4328, 273, 253, 2332, 13, 253, 1511, 273, 1971, 13, 390, 253, 1416, 273, 253, 2854, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 7345, 670, 3382, 7587, 326, 778, 320, 987, 323, 368, 15, 4214, 1491, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15 ]
What is (are) hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps syndrome ?
Hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps (HANAC) syndrome is part of a group of conditions called the COL4A1-related disorders. The conditions in this group have a range of signs and symptoms that involve fragile blood vessels. HANAC syndrome is characterized by angiopathy, which is a disorder of the blood vessels. In people with HANAC syndrome, angiopathy affects several parts of the body. The blood vessels as well as thin sheet-like structures called basement membranes that separate and support cells are weakened and more susceptible to breakage. People with HANAC syndrome develop kidney disease (nephropathy). Fragile or damaged blood vessels or basement membranes in the kidneys can lead to blood in the urine (hematuria). Cysts can also form in one or both kidneys, and the cysts may grow larger over time. Compared to other COL4A1-related disorders, the brain is only mildly affected in HANAC syndrome. People with this condition may have a bulge in one or multiple blood vessels in the brain (intracranial aneurysms). These aneurysms have the potential to burst, causing bleeding within the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). However, in people with HANAC syndrome, these aneurysms typically do not burst. About half of people with this condition also have leukoencephalopathy, which is a change in a type of brain tissue called white matter that can be seen with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Muscle cramps experienced by most people with HANAC syndrome typically begin in early childhood. Any muscle may be affected, and cramps usually last from a few seconds to a few minutes, although in some cases they can last for several hours. Muscle cramps can be spontaneous or triggered by exercise. Individuals with HANAC syndrome also experience a variety of eye problems. All individuals with this condition have arteries that twist and turn abnormally within the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eyes (arterial retinal tortuosity). This blood vessel abnormality can cause episodes of bleeding within the eyes following any minor trauma to the eyes, leading to temporary vision loss. Other eye problems associated with HANAC syndrome include a clouding of the lens of the eye (cataract) and an abnormality called Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly. Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly is associated with various other eye abnormalities, including underdevelopment and eventual tearing of the colored part of the eye (iris), and a pupil that is not in the center of the eye. Rarely, affected individuals will have a condition called Raynaud phenomenon in which the blood vessels in the fingers and toes temporarily narrow, restricting blood flow to the fingertips and the ends of the toes. As a result, the skin around the affected area may turn white or blue for a brief period of time and the area may tingle or throb. Raynaud phenomenon is typically triggered by changes in temperature and usually causes no long term damage.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 40454, 14547, 15819, 342, 23416, 47382, 13, 27627, 983, 13, 285, 6616, 1531, 11441, 9237, 3736, 1328, 433, 3516, 14547, 15819, 342, 23416, 47382, 13, 27627, 983, 13, 285, 6616, 1531, 11441, 313, 10114, 1322, 36, 10, 9237, 310, 629, 273, 247, 1387, 273, 2515, 1925, 253, 21849, 21, 34, 18, 14, 4919, 9360, 15, 380, 2515, 275, 436, 1387, 452, 247, 2491, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 326, 6388, 28304, 2614, 12671, 15, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 310, 7943, 407, 14547, 15819, 13, 534, 310, 247, 8984, 273, 253, 2614, 12671, 15, 496, 952, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 13, 14547, 15819, 11852, 2067, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 380, 2614, 12671, 347, 973, 347, 6906, 8335, 14, 3022, 5289, 1925, 21135, 15403, 326, 4858, 285, 1329, 1341, 403, 33153, 285, 625, 16931, 281, 2740, 486, 15, 50276, 8836, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 1287, 12333, 2728, 313, 570, 545, 47382, 481, 1879, 356, 587, 390, 13572, 2614, 12671, 390, 21135, 15403, 275, 253, 33193, 476, 1421, 281, 2614, 275, 253, 16327, 313, 10479, 21576, 481, 12552, 7752, 476, 671, 830, 275, 581, 390, 1097, 33193, 13, 285, 253, 41578, 778, 1756, 4067, 689, 673, 15, 50276, 5065, 1096, 281, 643, 21849, 21, 34, 18, 14, 4919, 9360, 13, 253, 3998, 310, 760, 38920, 5876, 275, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 1617, 778, 452, 247, 44218, 275, 581, 390, 2709, 2614, 12671, 275, 253, 3998, 313, 565, 8306, 29379, 27627, 983, 481, 2053, 27627, 983, 452, 253, 2442, 281, 12948, 13, 8479, 14771, 1561, 253, 3998, 313, 3296, 17536, 12795, 9980, 481, 1723, 13, 275, 952, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 13, 841, 27627, 983, 5431, 513, 417, 12948, 15, 11376, 2716, 273, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 671, 452, 12711, 80, 41667, 15819, 13, 534, 310, 247, 1818, 275, 247, 1511, 273, 3998, 4408, 1925, 3168, 2647, 326, 476, 320, 2326, 342, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 22410, 481, 50276, 13788, 2148, 1531, 11441, 7407, 407, 954, 952, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 5431, 3135, 275, 2393, 11948, 15, 6101, 6616, 778, 320, 5876, 13, 285, 1531, 11441, 3798, 1390, 432, 247, 1643, 7253, 281, 247, 1643, 2909, 13, 3738, 275, 690, 2219, 597, 476, 1390, 323, 2067, 3038, 15, 4878, 2148, 1531, 11441, 476, 320, 17046, 390, 17142, 407, 5763, 15, 50276, 38861, 84, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 671, 2793, 247, 5235, 273, 5130, 3237, 15, 1876, 4292, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 24908, 326, 19152, 285, 1614, 32459, 595, 1561, 253, 1708, 14, 19579, 4408, 387, 253, 896, 273, 253, 2927, 313, 5179, 451, 22043, 9810, 86, 11108, 481, 831, 2614, 11179, 43108, 476, 2847, 13305, 273, 14771, 1561, 253, 2927, 1563, 667, 5884, 14977, 281, 253, 2927, 13, 4283, 281, 11287, 8113, 2957, 15, 5131, 5130, 3237, 2330, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 2486, 247, 9005, 272, 273, 253, 9655, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 8076, 274, 514, 10, 285, 271, 43108, 1925, 21208, 257, 25281, 14, 51, 466, 1063, 30207, 15, 21208, 257, 25281, 14, 51, 466, 1063, 30207, 310, 2330, 342, 2710, 643, 5130, 19147, 13, 1690, 762, 27055, 285, 27585, 35765, 273, 253, 18010, 629, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 343, 261, 582, 285, 247, 35048, 326, 310, 417, 275, 253, 4055, 273, 253, 5130, 15, 50276, 51, 609, 314, 13, 5876, 4292, 588, 452, 247, 1617, 1925, 10734, 2072, 438, 11562, 275, 534, 253, 2614, 12671, 275, 253, 9881, 285, 30106, 20220, 6891, 13, 34617, 2614, 2685, 281, 253, 48803, 285, 253, 7637, 273, 253, 30106, 15, 1284, 247, 906, 13, 253, 4808, 1475, 253, 5876, 2170, 778, 1614, 3168, 390, 4797, 323, 247, 4864, 2180, 273, 673, 285, 253, 2170, 778, 246, 33202, 390, 10218, 67, 15, 10734, 2072, 438, 11562, 310, 5431, 17142, 407, 2544, 275, 3276, 285, 3798, 5997, 642, 1048, 1307, 4723, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 40454, 14547, 15819, 342, 23416, 47382, 13, 27627, 983, 13, 285, 6616, 1531, 11441, 9237, 3736, 1328, 433, 3516, 14547, 15819, 342, 23416, 47382, 13, 27627, 983, 13, 285, 6616, 1531, 11441, 313, 10114, 1322, 36, 10, 9237, 310, 629, 273, 247, 1387, 273, 2515, 1925, 253, 21849, 21, 34, 18, 14, 4919, 9360, 15, 380, 2515, 275, 436, 1387, 452, 247, 2491, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 326, 6388, 28304, 2614, 12671, 15, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 310, 7943, 407, 14547, 15819, 13, 534, 310, 247, 8984, 273, 253, 2614, 12671, 15, 496, 952, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 13, 14547, 15819, 11852, 2067, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 380, 2614, 12671, 347, 973, 347, 6906, 8335, 14, 3022, 5289, 1925, 21135, 15403, 326, 4858, 285, 1329, 1341, 403, 33153, 285, 625, 16931, 281, 2740, 486, 15, 50276, 8836, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 1287, 12333, 2728, 313, 570, 545, 47382, 481, 1879, 356, 587, 390, 13572, 2614, 12671, 390, 21135, 15403, 275, 253, 33193, 476, 1421, 281, 2614, 275, 253, 16327, 313, 10479, 21576, 481, 12552, 7752, 476, 671, 830, 275, 581, 390, 1097, 33193, 13, 285, 253, 41578, 778, 1756, 4067, 689, 673, 15, 50276, 5065, 1096, 281, 643, 21849, 21, 34, 18, 14, 4919, 9360, 13, 253, 3998, 310, 760, 38920, 5876, 275, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 1617, 778, 452, 247, 44218, 275, 581, 390, 2709, 2614, 12671, 275, 253, 3998, 313, 565, 8306, 29379, 27627, 983, 481, 2053, 27627, 983, 452, 253, 2442, 281, 12948, 13, 8479, 14771, 1561, 253, 3998, 313, 3296, 17536, 12795, 9980, 481, 1723, 13, 275, 952, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 13, 841, 27627, 983, 5431, 513, 417, 12948, 15, 11376, 2716, 273, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 671, 452, 12711, 80, 41667, 15819, 13, 534, 310, 247, 1818, 275, 247, 1511, 273, 3998, 4408, 1925, 3168, 2647, 326, 476, 320, 2326, 342, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 22410, 481, 50276, 13788, 2148, 1531, 11441, 7407, 407, 954, 952, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 5431, 3135, 275, 2393, 11948, 15, 6101, 6616, 778, 320, 5876, 13, 285, 1531, 11441, 3798, 1390, 432, 247, 1643, 7253, 281, 247, 1643, 2909, 13, 3738, 275, 690, 2219, 597, 476, 1390, 323, 2067, 3038, 15, 4878, 2148, 1531, 11441, 476, 320, 17046, 390, 17142, 407, 5763, 15, 50276, 38861, 84, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 671, 2793, 247, 5235, 273, 5130, 3237, 15, 1876, 4292, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 24908, 326, 19152, 285, 1614, 32459, 595, 1561, 253, 1708, 14, 19579, 4408, 387, 253, 896, 273, 253, 2927, 313, 5179, 451, 22043, 9810, 86, 11108, 481, 831, 2614, 11179, 43108, 476, 2847, 13305, 273, 14771, 1561, 253, 2927, 1563, 667, 5884, 14977, 281, 253, 2927, 13, 4283, 281, 11287, 8113, 2957, 15, 5131, 5130, 3237, 2330, 342, 15817, 1322, 36, 9237, 2486, 247, 9005, 272, 273, 253, 9655, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 8076, 274, 514, 10, 285, 271, 43108, 1925, 21208, 257, 25281, 14, 51, 466, 1063, 30207, 15, 21208, 257, 25281, 14, 51, 466, 1063, 30207, 310, 2330, 342, 2710, 643, 5130, 19147, 13, 1690, 762, 27055, 285, 27585, 35765, 273, 253, 18010, 629, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 343, 261, 582, 285, 247, 35048, 326, 310, 417, 275, 253, 4055, 273, 253, 5130, 15, 50276, 51, 609, 314, 13, 5876, 4292, 588, 452, 247, 1617, 1925, 10734, 2072, 438, 11562, 275, 534, 253, 2614, 12671, 275, 253, 9881, 285, 30106, 20220, 6891, 13, 34617, 2614, 2685, 281, 253, 48803, 285, 253, 7637, 273, 253, 30106, 15, 1284, 247, 906, 13, 253, 4808, 1475, 253, 5876, 2170, 778, 1614, 3168, 390, 4797, 323, 247, 4864, 2180, 273, 673, 285, 253, 2170, 778, 246, 33202, 390, 10218, 67, 15, 10734, 2072, 438, 11562, 310, 5431, 17142, 407, 2544, 275, 3276, 285, 3798, 5997, 642, 1048, 1307, 4723, 15 ]
What is (are) Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke ?
Prediabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. Prediabetes is also called impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Many people with prediabetes develop type 2 diabetes within 10 years. In addition, they are at risk for heart disease and stroke. With modest weight loss and moderate physical activity, people with prediabetes can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes and lower their risk of heart disease and stroke.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 34050, 13, 15382, 18742, 13, 285, 659, 7292, 3736, 23064, 74, 24298, 310, 247, 1617, 275, 534, 2614, 8383, 2308, 403, 2169, 685, 2622, 533, 417, 1029, 2217, 323, 247, 6120, 273, 8401, 15, 18271, 74, 24298, 310, 671, 1925, 15506, 25006, 8383, 390, 15506, 8383, 13761, 15, 6676, 952, 342, 2063, 74, 24298, 1287, 1511, 374, 8401, 1561, 884, 1107, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 597, 403, 387, 2495, 323, 2798, 2728, 285, 9980, 15, 2726, 16453, 2801, 2957, 285, 10290, 3520, 2425, 13, 952, 342, 2063, 74, 24298, 476, 5778, 390, 3657, 1511, 374, 8401, 285, 2406, 616, 2495, 273, 2798, 2728, 285, 9980, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 34050, 13, 15382, 18742, 13, 285, 659, 7292, 3736, 23064, 74, 24298, 310, 247, 1617, 275, 534, 2614, 8383, 2308, 403, 2169, 685, 2622, 533, 417, 1029, 2217, 323, 247, 6120, 273, 8401, 15, 18271, 74, 24298, 310, 671, 1925, 15506, 25006, 8383, 390, 15506, 8383, 13761, 15, 6676, 952, 342, 2063, 74, 24298, 1287, 1511, 374, 8401, 1561, 884, 1107, 15, 496, 1635, 13, 597, 403, 387, 2495, 323, 2798, 2728, 285, 9980, 15, 2726, 16453, 2801, 2957, 285, 10290, 3520, 2425, 13, 952, 342, 2063, 74, 24298, 476, 5778, 390, 3657, 1511, 374, 8401, 285, 2406, 616, 2495, 273, 2798, 2728, 285, 9980, 15 ]
Is Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency inherited ?
How is pyruvate carboxylase deficiency inherited? Pyruvate carboxylase deficiency is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. This means that both copies of the disease-causing gene in each cell (usually one inherited from each parent) must have a mutation for an individual to be affected. Individuals who carry one mutated copy of the gene are referred to as carriers. Carriers typically do not have any signs or symptoms of the condition. When two carriers for an autosomal recessive condition have children, each child has a 25% (1 in 4) risk to have the condition, a 50% (1 in 2) risk to be an unaffected carrier like each of the parents, and a 25% risk to not have the condition and not be a carrier (i.e. to inherit both normal genes). In other words, each child born to two carriers has a 75% (3 in 4) chance to be unaffected. De novo mutations (new mutations that occur for the first time in an individual and are not inherited from a parent) have been reported for this condition. This means that in some cases, an affected individual may have only one parent who is a carrier for the condition. Carrier testing for at-risk relatives and prenatal testing for pregnancies at increased risk may be possible through laboratories offering custom mutation analysis if the disease-causing mutations in a family are known. Individuals interested in learning more about genetic risks to themselves or family members, or about genetic testing for this condition, should speak with a genetics professional.
[ 2513, 8462, 40888, 22236, 38578, 14384, 20265, 3736, 2347, 310, 7239, 40888, 22236, 38578, 14384, 20265, 32, 8462, 40888, 22236, 38578, 14384, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 2728, 14, 68, 36314, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 313, 27978, 581, 20265, 432, 1016, 2885, 10, 1364, 452, 247, 10577, 323, 271, 2060, 281, 320, 5876, 15, 40788, 665, 4459, 581, 31758, 3491, 273, 253, 3320, 403, 6289, 281, 347, 15495, 15, 2639, 8856, 5431, 513, 417, 452, 667, 7871, 390, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15, 2091, 767, 15495, 323, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 452, 2151, 13, 1016, 1429, 556, 247, 2030, 6, 313, 18, 275, 577, 10, 2495, 281, 452, 253, 1617, 13, 247, 2456, 6, 313, 18, 275, 374, 10, 2495, 281, 320, 271, 30195, 10289, 751, 1016, 273, 253, 4651, 13, 285, 247, 2030, 6, 2495, 281, 417, 452, 253, 1617, 285, 417, 320, 247, 10289, 313, 74, 15, 70, 15, 281, 30686, 1097, 2622, 3608, 481, 496, 643, 3000, 13, 1016, 1429, 5686, 281, 767, 15495, 556, 247, 6879, 6, 313, 20, 275, 577, 10, 4839, 281, 320, 30195, 15, 1605, 17590, 9197, 313, 1826, 9197, 326, 2826, 323, 253, 806, 673, 275, 271, 2060, 285, 403, 417, 20265, 432, 247, 2885, 10, 452, 644, 2361, 323, 436, 1617, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 275, 690, 2219, 13, 271, 5876, 2060, 778, 452, 760, 581, 2885, 665, 310, 247, 10289, 323, 253, 1617, 15, 2639, 4586, 5175, 323, 387, 14, 16272, 17772, 285, 38977, 5175, 323, 36486, 387, 2559, 2495, 778, 320, 1896, 949, 30684, 9159, 2840, 10577, 1783, 604, 253, 2728, 14, 68, 36314, 9197, 275, 247, 2021, 403, 1929, 15, 40788, 6110, 275, 4715, 625, 670, 6380, 10502, 281, 3746, 390, 2021, 2758, 13, 390, 670, 6380, 5175, 323, 436, 1617, 13, 943, 3984, 342, 247, 30222, 5702, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 8462, 40888, 22236, 38578, 14384, 20265, 3736, 2347, 310, 7239, 40888, 22236, 38578, 14384, 20265, 32, 8462, 40888, 22236, 38578, 14384, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 2728, 14, 68, 36314, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 313, 27978, 581, 20265, 432, 1016, 2885, 10, 1364, 452, 247, 10577, 323, 271, 2060, 281, 320, 5876, 15, 40788, 665, 4459, 581, 31758, 3491, 273, 253, 3320, 403, 6289, 281, 347, 15495, 15, 2639, 8856, 5431, 513, 417, 452, 667, 7871, 390, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15, 2091, 767, 15495, 323, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 452, 2151, 13, 1016, 1429, 556, 247, 2030, 6, 313, 18, 275, 577, 10, 2495, 281, 452, 253, 1617, 13, 247, 2456, 6, 313, 18, 275, 374, 10, 2495, 281, 320, 271, 30195, 10289, 751, 1016, 273, 253, 4651, 13, 285, 247, 2030, 6, 2495, 281, 417, 452, 253, 1617, 285, 417, 320, 247, 10289, 313, 74, 15, 70, 15, 281, 30686, 1097, 2622, 3608, 481, 496, 643, 3000, 13, 1016, 1429, 5686, 281, 767, 15495, 556, 247, 6879, 6, 313, 20, 275, 577, 10, 4839, 281, 320, 30195, 15, 1605, 17590, 9197, 313, 1826, 9197, 326, 2826, 323, 253, 806, 673, 275, 271, 2060, 285, 403, 417, 20265, 432, 247, 2885, 10, 452, 644, 2361, 323, 436, 1617, 15, 831, 2097, 326, 275, 690, 2219, 13, 271, 5876, 2060, 778, 452, 760, 581, 2885, 665, 310, 247, 10289, 323, 253, 1617, 15, 2639, 4586, 5175, 323, 387, 14, 16272, 17772, 285, 38977, 5175, 323, 36486, 387, 2559, 2495, 778, 320, 1896, 949, 30684, 9159, 2840, 10577, 1783, 604, 253, 2728, 14, 68, 36314, 9197, 275, 247, 2021, 403, 1929, 15, 40788, 6110, 275, 4715, 625, 670, 6380, 10502, 281, 3746, 390, 2021, 2758, 13, 390, 670, 6380, 5175, 323, 436, 1617, 13, 943, 3984, 342, 247, 30222, 5702, 15 ]
How many people are affected by Prostate Cancer ?
Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer among American men. It is a slow-growing disease that mostly affects older men. In fact, more than 60 percent of all prostate cancers are found in men over the age of 65. The disease rarely occurs in men younger than 40 years of age.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 1294, 3409, 13877, 3736, 1845, 3409, 2923, 310, 581, 273, 253, 954, 1846, 3510, 273, 2923, 2190, 2448, 1821, 15, 733, 310, 247, 3468, 14, 33601, 2728, 326, 6571, 11852, 5662, 1821, 15, 496, 958, 13, 625, 685, 3925, 2558, 273, 512, 14527, 15110, 403, 1119, 275, 1821, 689, 253, 2363, 273, 7251, 15, 380, 2728, 11766, 6634, 275, 1821, 9243, 685, 3387, 1107, 273, 2363, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 1294, 3409, 13877, 3736, 1845, 3409, 2923, 310, 581, 273, 253, 954, 1846, 3510, 273, 2923, 2190, 2448, 1821, 15, 733, 310, 247, 3468, 14, 33601, 2728, 326, 6571, 11852, 5662, 1821, 15, 496, 958, 13, 625, 685, 3925, 2558, 273, 512, 14527, 15110, 403, 1119, 275, 1821, 689, 253, 2363, 273, 7251, 15, 380, 2728, 11766, 6634, 275, 1821, 9243, 685, 3387, 1107, 273, 2363, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Autosomal dominant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 4B ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Autosomal dominant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 4B? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Autosomal dominant neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 4B. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Adult onset - Ataxia - Auditory hallucinations - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Curvilinear intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material - Dementia - Depression - Fingerprint intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material - Granular osmiophilic deposits (GROD) in cells - Increased neuronal autofluorescent lipopigment - Myoclonus - Parkinsonism - Rapidly progressive - Rectilinear intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material - Seizures - Visual hallucinations - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 16069, 15733, 1238, 5541, 1171, 316, 5620, 2433, 577, 35, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 16069, 15733, 1238, 5541, 1171, 316, 5620, 2433, 577, 35, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 5271, 13304, 11360, 16069, 15733, 1238, 5541, 1171, 316, 5620, 2433, 577, 35, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 32967, 11653, 428, 329, 9292, 571, 428, 12469, 6708, 33092, 7097, 428, 5271, 13304, 11360, 24954, 428, 11579, 87, 40511, 14036, 12037, 273, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 5718, 2144, 428, 399, 19914, 428, 27675, 428, 401, 4940, 3845, 14036, 12037, 273, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 5718, 2144, 428, 22346, 792, 31624, 74, 28992, 22413, 313, 6217, 3519, 10, 275, 1341, 428, 32483, 16069, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 428, 2752, 15436, 251, 316, 428, 30256, 1204, 428, 37645, 314, 13439, 428, 38893, 40511, 14036, 12037, 273, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 5718, 2144, 428, 1023, 478, 980, 428, 17633, 33092, 7097, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 16069, 15733, 1238, 5541, 1171, 316, 5620, 2433, 577, 35, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 16069, 15733, 1238, 5541, 1171, 316, 5620, 2433, 577, 35, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 5271, 13304, 11360, 16069, 15733, 1238, 5541, 1171, 316, 5620, 2433, 577, 35, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 32967, 11653, 428, 329, 9292, 571, 428, 12469, 6708, 33092, 7097, 428, 5271, 13304, 11360, 24954, 428, 11579, 87, 40511, 14036, 12037, 273, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 5718, 2144, 428, 399, 19914, 428, 27675, 428, 401, 4940, 3845, 14036, 12037, 273, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 5718, 2144, 428, 22346, 792, 31624, 74, 28992, 22413, 313, 6217, 3519, 10, 275, 1341, 428, 32483, 16069, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 428, 2752, 15436, 251, 316, 428, 30256, 1204, 428, 37645, 314, 13439, 428, 38893, 40511, 14036, 12037, 273, 1125, 21158, 40411, 5541, 412, 304, 420, 5718, 2144, 428, 1023, 478, 980, 428, 17633, 33092, 7097, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What causes Laron syndrome ?
What causes Laron syndrome? Laron syndrome is caused by changes (mutations) in the GHR gene. This gene encodes growth hormone receptor, which is a protein found on the outer membrane of cells throughout the body. Growth hormone receptor is designed to recognize and bind growth hormone, which triggers cellular growth and division. When growth hormone is bound to the growth hormone receptors on liver cells, specifically, insulin-like growth factor I (another important growth-promoting hormone) is produced. Mutations in GHR impair the function of growth hormone receptors which interferes with their ability to bind growth hormone. This disrupts normal growth and development of cells and prevents the production of insulin-like growth factor I which causes the many signs and symptoms of Laron syndrome.
[ 1276, 5997, 10374, 251, 9237, 3736, 1276, 5997, 10374, 251, 9237, 32, 10374, 251, 9237, 310, 4269, 407, 2544, 313, 10082, 569, 10, 275, 253, 443, 9914, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 31360, 3116, 14689, 6437, 13, 534, 310, 247, 2601, 1119, 327, 253, 8346, 6384, 273, 1341, 4768, 253, 2133, 15, 27219, 14689, 6437, 310, 4158, 281, 9446, 285, 8980, 3116, 14689, 13, 534, 23785, 7842, 3116, 285, 9025, 15, 2091, 3116, 14689, 310, 3033, 281, 253, 3116, 14689, 10185, 327, 6728, 1341, 13, 5742, 13, 9442, 14, 3022, 3116, 2803, 309, 313, 23955, 1774, 3116, 14, 13382, 5341, 14689, 10, 310, 4197, 15, 15601, 569, 275, 443, 9914, 11490, 253, 1159, 273, 3116, 14689, 10185, 534, 734, 453, 373, 342, 616, 3745, 281, 8980, 3116, 14689, 15, 831, 13201, 84, 2622, 3116, 285, 2440, 273, 1341, 285, 16897, 253, 3275, 273, 9442, 14, 3022, 3116, 2803, 309, 534, 5997, 253, 1142, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 10374, 251, 9237, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 5997, 10374, 251, 9237, 3736, 1276, 5997, 10374, 251, 9237, 32, 10374, 251, 9237, 310, 4269, 407, 2544, 313, 10082, 569, 10, 275, 253, 443, 9914, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 31360, 3116, 14689, 6437, 13, 534, 310, 247, 2601, 1119, 327, 253, 8346, 6384, 273, 1341, 4768, 253, 2133, 15, 27219, 14689, 6437, 310, 4158, 281, 9446, 285, 8980, 3116, 14689, 13, 534, 23785, 7842, 3116, 285, 9025, 15, 2091, 3116, 14689, 310, 3033, 281, 253, 3116, 14689, 10185, 327, 6728, 1341, 13, 5742, 13, 9442, 14, 3022, 3116, 2803, 309, 313, 23955, 1774, 3116, 14, 13382, 5341, 14689, 10, 310, 4197, 15, 15601, 569, 275, 443, 9914, 11490, 253, 1159, 273, 3116, 14689, 10185, 534, 734, 453, 373, 342, 616, 3745, 281, 8980, 3116, 14689, 15, 831, 13201, 84, 2622, 3116, 285, 2440, 273, 1341, 285, 16897, 253, 3275, 273, 9442, 14, 3022, 3116, 2803, 309, 534, 5997, 253, 1142, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 10374, 251, 9237, 15 ]
How many people are affected by Celiac Disease ?
As many as one in 141 Americans has celiac disease, although most remain undiagnosed.2 Celiac disease affects children and adults in all parts of the world and is more common in Caucasians and females. Celiac disease is also more common among people with certain genetic diseases, including Down syndrome and Turner syndromea condition that affects girls' development.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 330, 7876, 317, 18742, 3736, 1909, 1142, 347, 581, 275, 21886, 7108, 556, 260, 7876, 317, 2728, 13, 3738, 954, 3464, 3807, 74, 1530, 1700, 15, 19, 330, 7876, 317, 2728, 11852, 2151, 285, 7747, 275, 512, 4243, 273, 253, 1533, 285, 310, 625, 1846, 275, 25659, 284, 2458, 285, 10753, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 7876, 317, 2728, 310, 671, 625, 1846, 2190, 952, 342, 2176, 6380, 6578, 13, 1690, 9792, 9237, 285, 20757, 9237, 66, 1617, 326, 11852, 6838, 8, 2440, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 330, 7876, 317, 18742, 3736, 1909, 1142, 347, 581, 275, 21886, 7108, 556, 260, 7876, 317, 2728, 13, 3738, 954, 3464, 3807, 74, 1530, 1700, 15, 19, 330, 7876, 317, 2728, 11852, 2151, 285, 7747, 275, 512, 4243, 273, 253, 1533, 285, 310, 625, 1846, 275, 25659, 284, 2458, 285, 10753, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 7876, 317, 2728, 310, 671, 625, 1846, 2190, 952, 342, 2176, 6380, 6578, 13, 1690, 9792, 9237, 285, 20757, 9237, 66, 1617, 326, 11852, 6838, 8, 2440, 15 ]
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Sjgren's Syndrome ?
The goals of research on disorders such as Sjgren's syndrome focus on increasing knowledge and understanding of the disorder, improving diagnostic techniques, testing interventions, and finding ways to treat, prevent, and cure the disease.
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 322, 75, 40920, 434, 39365, 3736, 510, 7342, 273, 2561, 327, 9360, 824, 347, 322, 75, 40920, 434, 9237, 2770, 327, 3629, 3640, 285, 4685, 273, 253, 8984, 13, 11138, 10401, 5609, 13, 5175, 12214, 13, 285, 4560, 4088, 281, 1555, 13, 3657, 13, 285, 16498, 253, 2728, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 322, 75, 40920, 434, 39365, 3736, 510, 7342, 273, 2561, 327, 9360, 824, 347, 322, 75, 40920, 434, 9237, 2770, 327, 3629, 3640, 285, 4685, 273, 253, 8984, 13, 11138, 10401, 5609, 13, 5175, 12214, 13, 285, 4560, 4088, 281, 1555, 13, 3657, 13, 285, 16498, 253, 2728, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Autosomal dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type A. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Areflexia - Autosomal dominant inheritance - Axonal degeneration/regeneration - Distal sensory impairment - Foot dorsiflexor weakness - Hyporeflexia - Muscle cramps - Onion bulb formation - Onset - Pes cavus - Segmental peripheral demyelination - Segmental peripheral demyelination/remyelination - Steppage gait - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 10444, 775, 3178, 302, 14, 44617, 14, 1992, 837, 2728, 1511, 329, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 10444, 775, 3178, 302, 14, 44617, 14, 1992, 837, 2728, 1511, 329, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 5271, 13304, 11360, 10444, 775, 3178, 302, 14, 44617, 14, 1992, 837, 2728, 1511, 329, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 329, 709, 1591, 571, 428, 5271, 13304, 11360, 24954, 428, 21208, 2814, 27939, 16, 250, 14520, 428, 3656, 267, 17872, 15151, 428, 12867, 18154, 338, 1591, 263, 14855, 428, 25295, 410, 23210, 571, 428, 4878, 2148, 1531, 11441, 428, 1623, 279, 31415, 4702, 428, 1623, 1178, 428, 50035, 9605, 316, 428, 19655, 30132, 10844, 1471, 44447, 1515, 428, 19655, 30132, 10844, 1471, 44447, 1515, 16, 2013, 44447, 1515, 428, 2951, 377, 486, 31262, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 10444, 775, 3178, 302, 14, 44617, 14, 1992, 837, 2728, 1511, 329, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 5271, 13304, 11360, 10444, 775, 3178, 302, 14, 44617, 14, 1992, 837, 2728, 1511, 329, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 5271, 13304, 11360, 10444, 775, 3178, 302, 14, 44617, 14, 1992, 837, 2728, 1511, 329, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 329, 709, 1591, 571, 428, 5271, 13304, 11360, 24954, 428, 21208, 2814, 27939, 16, 250, 14520, 428, 3656, 267, 17872, 15151, 428, 12867, 18154, 338, 1591, 263, 14855, 428, 25295, 410, 23210, 571, 428, 4878, 2148, 1531, 11441, 428, 1623, 279, 31415, 4702, 428, 1623, 1178, 428, 50035, 9605, 316, 428, 19655, 30132, 10844, 1471, 44447, 1515, 428, 19655, 30132, 10844, 1471, 44447, 1515, 16, 2013, 44447, 1515, 428, 2951, 377, 486, 31262, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
Is CAV3-related distal myopathy inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In most cases, an affected person has one parent with CAV3-related distal myopathy or another caveolinopathy. Rare cases result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no history of caveolinopathies in their family.
[ 2513, 330, 5851, 20, 14, 4919, 16891, 619, 15819, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 12059, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 310, 4209, 281, 2847, 253, 8984, 15, 496, 954, 2219, 13, 271, 5876, 1436, 556, 581, 2885, 342, 330, 5851, 20, 14, 4919, 16891, 619, 15819, 390, 1529, 15985, 15141, 15819, 15, 44605, 2219, 906, 432, 747, 9197, 275, 253, 3320, 285, 2826, 275, 952, 342, 642, 2892, 273, 15985, 15141, 11036, 447, 275, 616, 2021, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 330, 5851, 20, 14, 4919, 16891, 619, 15819, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 12059, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 310, 4209, 281, 2847, 253, 8984, 15, 496, 954, 2219, 13, 271, 5876, 1436, 556, 581, 2885, 342, 330, 5851, 20, 14, 4919, 16891, 619, 15819, 390, 1529, 15985, 15141, 15819, 15, 44605, 2219, 906, 432, 747, 9197, 275, 253, 3320, 285, 2826, 275, 952, 342, 642, 2892, 273, 15985, 15141, 11036, 447, 275, 616, 2021, 15 ]
Do you have information about Health Facilities
Summary : Health facilities are places that provide health care. They include hospitals, clinics, outpatient care centers, and specialized care centers, such as birthing centers and psychiatric care centers. When you choose a health facility, you might want to consider - How close it is to where you live or work - Whether your health insurance will pay for services there - Whether your health care provider can treat you there - The quality of the facility Quality is important. Some facilities do a better job than others. One way to learn about the quality of a facility is to look at report cards developed by federal, state, and consumer groups.
[ 4045, 368, 452, 1491, 670, 4775, 16035, 3191, 18548, 1163, 4775, 9189, 403, 5053, 326, 2085, 1786, 1557, 15, 1583, 2486, 13240, 13, 25543, 13, 29964, 1557, 12127, 13, 285, 18052, 1557, 12127, 13, 824, 347, 3350, 1597, 12127, 285, 19830, 1557, 12127, 15, 50274, 3039, 368, 5206, 247, 1786, 9509, 13, 368, 1537, 971, 281, 1908, 50271, 14, 1359, 2810, 352, 310, 281, 835, 368, 3153, 390, 789, 50274, 14, 12369, 634, 1786, 6503, 588, 2075, 323, 3238, 627, 50274, 14, 12369, 634, 1786, 1557, 11716, 476, 1555, 368, 627, 50274, 14, 380, 3290, 273, 253, 9509, 50271, 36251, 310, 1774, 15, 3808, 9189, 513, 247, 1805, 2628, 685, 2571, 15, 2596, 1039, 281, 3037, 670, 253, 3290, 273, 247, 9509, 310, 281, 1007, 387, 1304, 8364, 3715, 407, 4400, 13, 1375, 13, 285, 10630, 2390, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 4045, 368, 452, 1491, 670, 4775, 16035, 3191, 18548, 1163, 4775, 9189, 403, 5053, 326, 2085, 1786, 1557, 15, 1583, 2486, 13240, 13, 25543, 13, 29964, 1557, 12127, 13, 285, 18052, 1557, 12127, 13, 824, 347, 3350, 1597, 12127, 285, 19830, 1557, 12127, 15, 50274, 3039, 368, 5206, 247, 1786, 9509, 13, 368, 1537, 971, 281, 1908, 50271, 14, 1359, 2810, 352, 310, 281, 835, 368, 3153, 390, 789, 50274, 14, 12369, 634, 1786, 6503, 588, 2075, 323, 3238, 627, 50274, 14, 12369, 634, 1786, 1557, 11716, 476, 1555, 368, 627, 50274, 14, 380, 3290, 273, 253, 9509, 50271, 36251, 310, 1774, 15, 3808, 9189, 513, 247, 1805, 2628, 685, 2571, 15, 2596, 1039, 281, 3037, 670, 253, 3290, 273, 247, 9509, 310, 281, 1007, 387, 1304, 8364, 3715, 407, 4400, 13, 1375, 13, 285, 10630, 2390, 15 ]
What is (are) Hypoplastic right heart syndrome ?
Hypoplastic right heart syndrome is a rare heart defect, present at birth (congenital), that results in low blood oxygen levels. It is caused by underdevelopment of the structures on the right side of the heart (tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, and pulmonary artery) and commonly associated with atrial septal defect. The underdeveloped right side of the heart is unable to provide enough blood flow to the body, leading to low blood oxygen and cyanosis. It differs from hypoplastic left heart syndrome which involves the underdevelopment of the structures on the left side of the heart.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 25295, 21945, 987, 2798, 9237, 3736, 39355, 21945, 987, 2798, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 2798, 7071, 13, 1246, 387, 4201, 313, 14829, 257, 1562, 582, 326, 1543, 275, 1698, 2614, 7768, 2308, 15, 733, 310, 4269, 407, 762, 27055, 273, 253, 5289, 327, 253, 987, 1930, 273, 253, 2798, 313, 85, 695, 316, 4239, 11059, 13, 987, 36848, 13, 12698, 11059, 13, 285, 12698, 12235, 10, 285, 7744, 2330, 342, 27974, 22688, 267, 7071, 15, 380, 762, 35208, 987, 1930, 273, 253, 2798, 310, 7591, 281, 2085, 2217, 2614, 2685, 281, 253, 2133, 13, 4283, 281, 1698, 2614, 7768, 285, 28422, 2433, 15, 733, 19986, 432, 3500, 21945, 1669, 2798, 9237, 534, 8687, 253, 762, 27055, 273, 253, 5289, 327, 253, 1669, 1930, 273, 253, 2798, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 25295, 21945, 987, 2798, 9237, 3736, 39355, 21945, 987, 2798, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 2798, 7071, 13, 1246, 387, 4201, 313, 14829, 257, 1562, 582, 326, 1543, 275, 1698, 2614, 7768, 2308, 15, 733, 310, 4269, 407, 762, 27055, 273, 253, 5289, 327, 253, 987, 1930, 273, 253, 2798, 313, 85, 695, 316, 4239, 11059, 13, 987, 36848, 13, 12698, 11059, 13, 285, 12698, 12235, 10, 285, 7744, 2330, 342, 27974, 22688, 267, 7071, 15, 380, 762, 35208, 987, 1930, 273, 253, 2798, 310, 7591, 281, 2085, 2217, 2614, 2685, 281, 253, 2133, 13, 4283, 281, 1698, 2614, 7768, 285, 28422, 2433, 15, 733, 19986, 432, 3500, 21945, 1669, 2798, 9237, 534, 8687, 253, 762, 27055, 273, 253, 5289, 327, 253, 1669, 1930, 273, 253, 2798, 15 ]
How to diagnose Klippel Feil syndrome ?
How is Klippel Feil syndrome diagnosed? Klippel Feil syndrome (KFS) is typically diagnosed when X-rays or other imaging techniques show fusion of cervical vertebrae. X-rays of the entire spine should be performed to detect other spinal abnormalities, and additional imaging studies may be needed to assess the extent of the abnormality. KFS can be associated with a wide range of other abnormalities involving many parts of the body. Therefore, other initial exams are needed to detect additional physical abnormalities or underlying conditions. These include: examination of the chest to rule out involvement of the heart and lungs examination of the chest wall to detect possible rib anomalies MRI for spinal stenosis or neurological deficits ultrasound of the kidneys for renal abnormalities hearing evaluation due to high incidence of hearing loss Various lab tests to assess organ function Additional tests or consultations with specialists may be recommended depending on the features present in each person with KFS.
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 611, 965, 377, 293, 5721, 300, 9237, 3736, 2347, 310, 611, 965, 377, 293, 5721, 300, 9237, 11245, 32, 611, 965, 377, 293, 5721, 300, 9237, 313, 44, 7864, 10, 310, 5431, 11245, 672, 1594, 14, 20237, 390, 643, 6979, 5609, 921, 11781, 273, 17349, 39947, 70, 15, 1594, 14, 20237, 273, 253, 2862, 17201, 943, 320, 2684, 281, 2736, 643, 14472, 19147, 13, 285, 3081, 6979, 2175, 778, 320, 3058, 281, 2939, 253, 6070, 273, 253, 43108, 15, 611, 7864, 476, 320, 2330, 342, 247, 4618, 2491, 273, 643, 19147, 7668, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 3813, 13, 643, 3302, 34666, 403, 3058, 281, 2736, 3081, 3520, 19147, 390, 6944, 2515, 15, 2053, 2486, 27, 8368, 273, 253, 9081, 281, 4086, 562, 10171, 273, 253, 2798, 285, 18926, 8368, 273, 253, 9081, 3402, 281, 2736, 1896, 9412, 31101, 14478, 323, 14472, 29940, 390, 20967, 23835, 18533, 273, 253, 33193, 323, 10919, 19147, 4854, 7103, 1955, 281, 1029, 9364, 273, 4854, 2957, 25838, 5188, 5216, 281, 2939, 1963, 1159, 14117, 5216, 390, 45235, 342, 27371, 778, 320, 8521, 7293, 327, 253, 3386, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 342, 611, 7864, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 611, 965, 377, 293, 5721, 300, 9237, 3736, 2347, 310, 611, 965, 377, 293, 5721, 300, 9237, 11245, 32, 611, 965, 377, 293, 5721, 300, 9237, 313, 44, 7864, 10, 310, 5431, 11245, 672, 1594, 14, 20237, 390, 643, 6979, 5609, 921, 11781, 273, 17349, 39947, 70, 15, 1594, 14, 20237, 273, 253, 2862, 17201, 943, 320, 2684, 281, 2736, 643, 14472, 19147, 13, 285, 3081, 6979, 2175, 778, 320, 3058, 281, 2939, 253, 6070, 273, 253, 43108, 15, 611, 7864, 476, 320, 2330, 342, 247, 4618, 2491, 273, 643, 19147, 7668, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 3813, 13, 643, 3302, 34666, 403, 3058, 281, 2736, 3081, 3520, 19147, 390, 6944, 2515, 15, 2053, 2486, 27, 8368, 273, 253, 9081, 281, 4086, 562, 10171, 273, 253, 2798, 285, 18926, 8368, 273, 253, 9081, 3402, 281, 2736, 1896, 9412, 31101, 14478, 323, 14472, 29940, 390, 20967, 23835, 18533, 273, 253, 33193, 323, 10919, 19147, 4854, 7103, 1955, 281, 1029, 9364, 273, 4854, 2957, 25838, 5188, 5216, 281, 2939, 1963, 1159, 14117, 5216, 390, 45235, 342, 27371, 778, 320, 8521, 7293, 327, 253, 3386, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 342, 611, 7864, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Mental retardation X-linked syndromic 11 ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Mental retardation X-linked syndromic 11? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Mental retardation X-linked syndromic 11. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormal nasal morphology 90% Blepharophimosis 90% Coarse facial features 90% Cognitive impairment 90% Macroorchidism 90% Macrotia 90% Neurological speech impairment 90% Obesity 90% Palpebral edema 90% Prominent supraorbital ridges 90% Seizures 7.5% Bulbous nose - Intellectual disability, moderate - Periorbital fullness - Specific learning disability - Thick lower lip vermilion - X-linked recessive inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 29077, 48112, 1594, 14, 16862, 7979, 409, 280, 1903, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 29077, 48112, 1594, 14, 16862, 7979, 409, 280, 1903, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 29077, 48112, 1594, 14, 16862, 7979, 409, 280, 1903, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 6320, 23761, 15448, 5091, 6, 35526, 545, 274, 2689, 303, 2433, 5091, 6, 2434, 10788, 17754, 3386, 5091, 6, 43419, 15151, 5091, 6, 5602, 287, 263, 42290, 1204, 5091, 6, 5602, 8601, 571, 5091, 6, 29459, 36083, 6519, 15151, 5091, 6, 4386, 12343, 5091, 6, 5226, 365, 11887, 30297, 5091, 6, 13798, 14622, 9253, 263, 14424, 8314, 2510, 5091, 6, 1023, 478, 980, 818, 15, 22, 6, 13289, 67, 528, 11480, 428, 17545, 37246, 12564, 13, 10290, 428, 3545, 1528, 14424, 2120, 1255, 428, 26602, 4715, 12564, 428, 596, 781, 2406, 5541, 2336, 22009, 279, 428, 1594, 14, 16862, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 29077, 48112, 1594, 14, 16862, 7979, 409, 280, 1903, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 29077, 48112, 1594, 14, 16862, 7979, 409, 280, 1903, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 29077, 48112, 1594, 14, 16862, 7979, 409, 280, 1903, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 6320, 23761, 15448, 5091, 6, 35526, 545, 274, 2689, 303, 2433, 5091, 6, 2434, 10788, 17754, 3386, 5091, 6, 43419, 15151, 5091, 6, 5602, 287, 263, 42290, 1204, 5091, 6, 5602, 8601, 571, 5091, 6, 29459, 36083, 6519, 15151, 5091, 6, 4386, 12343, 5091, 6, 5226, 365, 11887, 30297, 5091, 6, 13798, 14622, 9253, 263, 14424, 8314, 2510, 5091, 6, 1023, 478, 980, 818, 15, 22, 6, 13289, 67, 528, 11480, 428, 17545, 37246, 12564, 13, 10290, 428, 3545, 1528, 14424, 2120, 1255, 428, 26602, 4715, 12564, 428, 596, 781, 2406, 5541, 2336, 22009, 279, 428, 1594, 14, 16862, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
Is laryngo-onycho-cutaneous syndrome inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
[ 2513, 298, 43420, 80, 14, 2421, 4039, 14, 20976, 9237, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 298, 43420, 80, 14, 2421, 4039, 14, 20976, 9237, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
What is the outlook for Friedreich's Ataxia ?
Generally, within 15 to 20 years after the appearance of the first symptoms, the person is confined to a wheelchair, and in later stages of the disease, individuals may become completely incapacitated. Friedreich's ataxia can shorten life expectancy; heart disease is the most common cause of death. Many individuals with Friedreich's ataxia die in early adulthood, but some people with less severe symptoms live into their 60s, 70s, or longer.
[ 1276, 310, 253, 29338, 323, 17468, 38938, 434, 329, 9292, 571, 3736, 34595, 13, 1561, 1458, 281, 1384, 1107, 846, 253, 7286, 273, 253, 806, 5917, 13, 253, 1436, 310, 18414, 281, 247, 37962, 13, 285, 275, 1996, 8661, 273, 253, 2728, 13, 4292, 778, 2489, 4336, 22988, 317, 15281, 15, 17468, 38938, 434, 387, 991, 571, 476, 48399, 1495, 36082, 28, 2798, 2728, 310, 253, 954, 1846, 2847, 273, 2471, 15, 6676, 4292, 342, 17468, 38938, 434, 387, 991, 571, 3150, 275, 2393, 33428, 13, 533, 690, 952, 342, 1679, 5460, 5917, 3153, 715, 616, 3925, 84, 13, 5571, 84, 13, 390, 3356, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 253, 29338, 323, 17468, 38938, 434, 329, 9292, 571, 3736, 34595, 13, 1561, 1458, 281, 1384, 1107, 846, 253, 7286, 273, 253, 806, 5917, 13, 253, 1436, 310, 18414, 281, 247, 37962, 13, 285, 275, 1996, 8661, 273, 253, 2728, 13, 4292, 778, 2489, 4336, 22988, 317, 15281, 15, 17468, 38938, 434, 387, 991, 571, 476, 48399, 1495, 36082, 28, 2798, 2728, 310, 253, 954, 1846, 2847, 273, 2471, 15, 6676, 4292, 342, 17468, 38938, 434, 387, 991, 571, 3150, 275, 2393, 33428, 13, 533, 690, 952, 342, 1679, 5460, 5917, 3153, 715, 616, 3925, 84, 13, 5571, 84, 13, 390, 3356, 15 ]
What causes Gout ?
Most people with gout have too much uric acid in their blood, a condition called hyperuricemia. Uric acid is a substance that results from the breakdown of purines, which are part of all human tissue and are found in many foods, especially those high in protein. Needle-like crystals of uric acid can build up in the connective tissue, in the joint space between two bones, or both. If too many uric acid crystals form as a result of hyperuricemia, gout can develop.
[ 1276, 5997, 443, 483, 3736, 10342, 952, 342, 305, 483, 452, 1512, 1199, 2936, 280, 3527, 275, 616, 2614, 13, 247, 1617, 1925, 4373, 44107, 9512, 15, 530, 695, 3527, 310, 247, 10359, 326, 1543, 432, 253, 19501, 273, 1460, 1100, 13, 534, 403, 629, 273, 512, 1966, 4408, 285, 403, 1119, 275, 1142, 12134, 13, 3340, 1110, 1029, 275, 2601, 15, 20389, 282, 14, 3022, 20642, 273, 2936, 280, 3527, 476, 1973, 598, 275, 253, 41292, 4408, 13, 275, 253, 6036, 2317, 875, 767, 14910, 13, 390, 1097, 15, 1310, 1512, 1142, 2936, 280, 3527, 20642, 830, 347, 247, 906, 273, 4373, 44107, 9512, 13, 305, 483, 476, 1287, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 5997, 443, 483, 3736, 10342, 952, 342, 305, 483, 452, 1512, 1199, 2936, 280, 3527, 275, 616, 2614, 13, 247, 1617, 1925, 4373, 44107, 9512, 15, 530, 695, 3527, 310, 247, 10359, 326, 1543, 432, 253, 19501, 273, 1460, 1100, 13, 534, 403, 629, 273, 512, 1966, 4408, 285, 403, 1119, 275, 1142, 12134, 13, 3340, 1110, 1029, 275, 2601, 15, 20389, 282, 14, 3022, 20642, 273, 2936, 280, 3527, 476, 1973, 598, 275, 253, 41292, 4408, 13, 275, 253, 6036, 2317, 875, 767, 14910, 13, 390, 1097, 15, 1310, 1512, 1142, 2936, 280, 3527, 20642, 830, 347, 247, 906, 273, 4373, 44107, 9512, 13, 305, 483, 476, 1287, 15 ]
What is (are) Elbow Injuries and Disorders ?
Your elbow joint is made up of bone, cartilage, ligaments and fluid. Muscles and tendons help the elbow joint move. When any of these structures is hurt or diseased, you have elbow problems. Many things can make your elbow hurt. A common cause is tendinitis, an inflammation or injury to the tendons that attach muscle to bone. Tendinitis of the elbow is a sports injury, often from playing tennis or golf. You may also get tendinitis from overuse of the elbow. Other causes of elbow pain include sprains, strains, fractures, dislocations, bursitis and arthritis. Treatment depends on the cause.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 3599, 11939, 496, 75, 6465, 285, 49566, 3736, 7093, 24784, 6036, 310, 1160, 598, 273, 5961, 13, 25548, 13, 8405, 19491, 285, 6514, 15, 4878, 5005, 285, 5257, 790, 1361, 253, 24784, 6036, 2118, 15, 2091, 667, 273, 841, 5289, 310, 8513, 390, 45644, 13, 368, 452, 24784, 3237, 15, 50273, 10195, 1841, 476, 1056, 634, 24784, 8513, 15, 329, 1846, 2847, 310, 5257, 46999, 13, 271, 10696, 390, 4975, 281, 253, 5257, 790, 326, 16152, 6616, 281, 5961, 15, 308, 423, 46999, 273, 253, 24784, 310, 247, 9001, 4975, 13, 2223, 432, 4882, 23354, 390, 15692, 15, 1422, 778, 671, 755, 5257, 46999, 432, 689, 2327, 273, 253, 24784, 15, 50273, 8665, 5997, 273, 24784, 3075, 2486, 653, 44196, 13, 8709, 13, 22877, 13, 557, 44991, 13, 270, 2244, 5895, 285, 21781, 15, 17012, 7024, 327, 253, 2847, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 3599, 11939, 496, 75, 6465, 285, 49566, 3736, 7093, 24784, 6036, 310, 1160, 598, 273, 5961, 13, 25548, 13, 8405, 19491, 285, 6514, 15, 4878, 5005, 285, 5257, 790, 1361, 253, 24784, 6036, 2118, 15, 2091, 667, 273, 841, 5289, 310, 8513, 390, 45644, 13, 368, 452, 24784, 3237, 15, 50273, 10195, 1841, 476, 1056, 634, 24784, 8513, 15, 329, 1846, 2847, 310, 5257, 46999, 13, 271, 10696, 390, 4975, 281, 253, 5257, 790, 326, 16152, 6616, 281, 5961, 15, 308, 423, 46999, 273, 253, 24784, 310, 247, 9001, 4975, 13, 2223, 432, 4882, 23354, 390, 15692, 15, 1422, 778, 671, 755, 5257, 46999, 432, 689, 2327, 273, 253, 24784, 15, 50273, 8665, 5997, 273, 24784, 3075, 2486, 653, 44196, 13, 8709, 13, 22877, 13, 557, 44991, 13, 270, 2244, 5895, 285, 21781, 15, 17012, 7024, 327, 253, 2847, 15 ]
What is (are) Spinal Cord Diseases ?
Your spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that runs down the middle of your back. It carries signals back and forth between your body and your brain. It is protected by your vertebrae, which are the bone disks that make up your spine. If you have an accident that damages the vertebrae or other parts of the spine, this can also injure the spinal cord. Other spinal cord problems include - Tumors - Infections such as meningitis and polio - Inflammatory diseases - Autoimmune diseases - Degenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy Symptoms vary but might include pain, numbness, loss of sensation and muscle weakness. These symptoms can occur around the spinal cord, and also in other areas such as your arms and legs. Treatments often include medicines and surgery.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 2101, 989, 31726, 35852, 3736, 7093, 14472, 12045, 310, 247, 13204, 273, 22614, 326, 6613, 1066, 253, 4766, 273, 634, 896, 15, 733, 15814, 6298, 896, 285, 6593, 875, 634, 2133, 285, 634, 3998, 15, 733, 310, 6885, 407, 634, 39947, 70, 13, 534, 403, 253, 5961, 22916, 326, 1056, 598, 634, 17201, 15, 1310, 368, 452, 271, 7343, 326, 8540, 253, 39947, 70, 390, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 17201, 13, 436, 476, 671, 2450, 459, 253, 14472, 12045, 15, 5131, 14472, 12045, 3237, 2486, 50271, 14, 50276, 53, 360, 641, 50274, 14, 50276, 688, 9024, 824, 347, 30091, 5895, 285, 877, 900, 50274, 14, 50276, 33675, 7030, 6578, 50274, 14, 50276, 22156, 20916, 6578, 50273, 14, 50276, 47068, 4330, 800, 6578, 824, 347, 717, 90, 44456, 11884, 33565, 285, 14472, 27602, 34512, 50271, 23875, 431, 3056, 6889, 533, 1537, 2486, 3075, 13, 39856, 1255, 13, 2957, 273, 22135, 285, 6616, 14855, 15, 2053, 5917, 476, 2826, 1475, 253, 14472, 12045, 13, 285, 671, 275, 643, 3672, 824, 347, 634, 6174, 285, 9246, 15, 21560, 942, 2223, 2486, 26114, 285, 5869, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 2101, 989, 31726, 35852, 3736, 7093, 14472, 12045, 310, 247, 13204, 273, 22614, 326, 6613, 1066, 253, 4766, 273, 634, 896, 15, 733, 15814, 6298, 896, 285, 6593, 875, 634, 2133, 285, 634, 3998, 15, 733, 310, 6885, 407, 634, 39947, 70, 13, 534, 403, 253, 5961, 22916, 326, 1056, 598, 634, 17201, 15, 1310, 368, 452, 271, 7343, 326, 8540, 253, 39947, 70, 390, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 17201, 13, 436, 476, 671, 2450, 459, 253, 14472, 12045, 15, 5131, 14472, 12045, 3237, 2486, 50271, 14, 50276, 53, 360, 641, 50274, 14, 50276, 688, 9024, 824, 347, 30091, 5895, 285, 877, 900, 50274, 14, 50276, 33675, 7030, 6578, 50274, 14, 50276, 22156, 20916, 6578, 50273, 14, 50276, 47068, 4330, 800, 6578, 824, 347, 717, 90, 44456, 11884, 33565, 285, 14472, 27602, 34512, 50271, 23875, 431, 3056, 6889, 533, 1537, 2486, 3075, 13, 39856, 1255, 13, 2957, 273, 22135, 285, 6616, 14855, 15, 2053, 5917, 476, 2826, 1475, 253, 14472, 12045, 13, 285, 671, 275, 643, 3672, 824, 347, 634, 6174, 285, 9246, 15, 21560, 942, 2223, 2486, 26114, 285, 5869, 15 ]
What causes Cutaneous mastocytosis ?
What causes cutaneous mastocytosis? Most cases of cutaneous mastocytosis are caused by changes (mutations) in the KIT gene. This gene encodes a protein that helps control many important cellular processes such as cell growth and division; survival; and movement. This protein is also important for the development of certain types of cells, including mast cells (immune cells that are important for the inflammatory response). Certain mutations in the KIT gene can leads to an overproduction of mast cells. In cutaneous mastocytosis, excess mast cells accumulate in the skin, leading to the many signs and symptoms of the condition.
[ 1276, 5997, 18665, 6473, 20971, 23984, 3736, 1276, 5997, 36476, 20971, 23984, 32, 5595, 2219, 273, 36476, 20971, 23984, 403, 4269, 407, 2544, 313, 10082, 569, 10, 275, 253, 611, 1433, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 31360, 247, 2601, 326, 7729, 1453, 1142, 1774, 7842, 4870, 824, 347, 894, 3116, 285, 9025, 28, 5788, 28, 285, 4866, 15, 831, 2601, 310, 671, 1774, 323, 253, 2440, 273, 2176, 3510, 273, 1341, 13, 1690, 20971, 1341, 313, 20916, 1341, 326, 403, 1774, 323, 253, 10142, 2380, 481, 35110, 9197, 275, 253, 611, 1433, 3320, 476, 5644, 281, 271, 689, 25307, 273, 20971, 1341, 15, 496, 36476, 20971, 23984, 13, 6714, 20971, 1341, 29010, 275, 253, 4808, 13, 4283, 281, 253, 1142, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 5997, 18665, 6473, 20971, 23984, 3736, 1276, 5997, 36476, 20971, 23984, 32, 5595, 2219, 273, 36476, 20971, 23984, 403, 4269, 407, 2544, 313, 10082, 569, 10, 275, 253, 611, 1433, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 31360, 247, 2601, 326, 7729, 1453, 1142, 1774, 7842, 4870, 824, 347, 894, 3116, 285, 9025, 28, 5788, 28, 285, 4866, 15, 831, 2601, 310, 671, 1774, 323, 253, 2440, 273, 2176, 3510, 273, 1341, 13, 1690, 20971, 1341, 313, 20916, 1341, 326, 403, 1774, 323, 253, 10142, 2380, 481, 35110, 9197, 275, 253, 611, 1433, 3320, 476, 5644, 281, 271, 689, 25307, 273, 20971, 1341, 15, 496, 36476, 20971, 23984, 13, 6714, 20971, 1341, 29010, 275, 253, 4808, 13, 4283, 281, 253, 1142, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Fructosuria ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Fructosuria? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Fructosuria. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Autosomal recessive inheritance - Impairment of fructose metabolism - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 401, 957, 375, 21576, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 401, 957, 375, 21576, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 401, 957, 375, 21576, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 16009, 1094, 420, 273, 269, 42437, 11082, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 401, 957, 375, 21576, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 401, 957, 375, 21576, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 401, 957, 375, 21576, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 16009, 1094, 420, 273, 269, 42437, 11082, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What causes Complex regional pain syndrome ?
What causes complex regional pain syndrome? The underlying cause of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is not well understood. In most cases it occurs after an illness or injury that did not directly damage the nerves in the affected area (Type I). In some cases, it occurs after a specific nerve injury (Type II). The exact trigger of CRPS after an injury is not known, but it may be due to abnormal interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems, and/or inappropriate inflammatory responses.
[ 1276, 5997, 24154, 9933, 3075, 9237, 3736, 1276, 5997, 2570, 9933, 3075, 9237, 32, 380, 6944, 2847, 273, 2570, 9933, 3075, 9237, 313, 1311, 3299, 10, 310, 417, 973, 7192, 15, 496, 954, 2219, 352, 6634, 846, 271, 9749, 390, 4975, 326, 858, 417, 3587, 4723, 253, 22614, 275, 253, 5876, 2170, 313, 2548, 309, 481, 496, 690, 2219, 13, 352, 6634, 846, 247, 2173, 11083, 4975, 313, 2548, 3719, 481, 380, 3242, 9632, 273, 6246, 3299, 846, 271, 4975, 310, 417, 1929, 13, 533, 352, 778, 320, 1955, 281, 10969, 6355, 875, 253, 4275, 285, 10844, 11219, 2718, 13, 285, 16, 263, 19582, 10142, 6128, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 5997, 24154, 9933, 3075, 9237, 3736, 1276, 5997, 2570, 9933, 3075, 9237, 32, 380, 6944, 2847, 273, 2570, 9933, 3075, 9237, 313, 1311, 3299, 10, 310, 417, 973, 7192, 15, 496, 954, 2219, 352, 6634, 846, 271, 9749, 390, 4975, 326, 858, 417, 3587, 4723, 253, 22614, 275, 253, 5876, 2170, 313, 2548, 309, 481, 496, 690, 2219, 13, 352, 6634, 846, 247, 2173, 11083, 4975, 313, 2548, 3719, 481, 380, 3242, 9632, 273, 6246, 3299, 846, 271, 4975, 310, 417, 1929, 13, 533, 352, 778, 320, 1955, 281, 10969, 6355, 875, 253, 4275, 285, 10844, 11219, 2718, 13, 285, 16, 263, 19582, 10142, 6128, 15 ]
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Salivary Gland Cancer ?
New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials. This summary section describes treatments that are being studied in clinical trials. It may not mention every new treatment being studied. Information about clinical trials is available from the NCI website. Radiosensitizers Radiosensitizers are drugs that make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. Combining radiation therapy with radiosensitizers may kill more tumor cells. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be the best treatment choice. Clinical trials are part of the cancer research process. Clinical trials are done to find out if new cancer treatments are safe and effective or better than the standard treatment. Many of today's standard treatments for cancer are based on earlier clinical trials. Patients who take part in a clinical trial may receive the standard treatment or be among the first to receive a new treatment. Patients who take part in clinical trials also help improve the way cancer will be treated in the future. Even when clinical trials do not lead to effective new treatments, they often answer important questions and help move research forward. Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment. Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from recurring (coming back) or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. See the Treatment Options section that follows for links to current treatment clinical trials. These have been retrieved from NCI's listing of clinical trials.
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 6470, 400, 552, 443, 1373, 13877, 3736, 4257, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50258, 1552, 6010, 2593, 8631, 9694, 326, 403, 1146, 5421, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 733, 778, 417, 3748, 1046, 747, 1971, 1146, 5421, 15, 8339, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 50273, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 50273, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 403, 5835, 326, 1056, 4502, 1341, 625, 7996, 281, 7742, 4918, 15, 39369, 7742, 4918, 342, 40908, 33761, 14460, 778, 5159, 625, 4502, 1341, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 187, 50258, 2214, 690, 1363, 13, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 320, 253, 1682, 1971, 4327, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 629, 273, 253, 2923, 2561, 1232, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 747, 2923, 9694, 403, 4999, 285, 3576, 390, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 50275, 10195, 273, 3063, 434, 2629, 9694, 323, 2923, 403, 1754, 327, 4321, 3382, 7587, 15, 12493, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 4763, 253, 2629, 1971, 390, 320, 2190, 253, 806, 281, 4763, 247, 747, 1971, 15, 50275, 29139, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 3382, 7587, 671, 1361, 3157, 253, 1039, 2923, 588, 320, 4127, 275, 253, 2852, 15, 4952, 672, 3382, 7587, 513, 417, 1421, 281, 3576, 747, 9694, 13, 597, 2223, 3662, 1774, 3533, 285, 1361, 2118, 2561, 3579, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 3382, 7587, 760, 2486, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 2568, 2959, 1971, 15, 5131, 7587, 1071, 9694, 323, 1363, 3692, 2923, 556, 417, 12759, 1805, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 3382, 7587, 326, 1071, 747, 4088, 281, 3523, 2923, 432, 36108, 313, 4202, 896, 10, 390, 4796, 253, 1930, 2538, 273, 2923, 1971, 15, 50275, 30466, 7587, 403, 3192, 1659, 275, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 2594, 253, 17012, 27921, 2593, 326, 3637, 323, 4859, 281, 1655, 1971, 3382, 7587, 15, 2053, 452, 644, 22111, 432, 427, 7142, 434, 16485, 273, 3382, 7587, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 6470, 400, 552, 443, 1373, 13877, 3736, 4257, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50258, 1552, 6010, 2593, 8631, 9694, 326, 403, 1146, 5421, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 733, 778, 417, 3748, 1046, 747, 1971, 1146, 5421, 15, 8339, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 4422, 15, 50273, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 50273, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 403, 5835, 326, 1056, 4502, 1341, 625, 7996, 281, 7742, 4918, 15, 39369, 7742, 4918, 342, 40908, 33761, 14460, 778, 5159, 625, 4502, 1341, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 187, 50258, 2214, 690, 1363, 13, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 320, 253, 1682, 1971, 4327, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 629, 273, 253, 2923, 2561, 1232, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 747, 2923, 9694, 403, 4999, 285, 3576, 390, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 50275, 10195, 273, 3063, 434, 2629, 9694, 323, 2923, 403, 1754, 327, 4321, 3382, 7587, 15, 12493, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 4763, 253, 2629, 1971, 390, 320, 2190, 253, 806, 281, 4763, 247, 747, 1971, 15, 50275, 29139, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 3382, 7587, 671, 1361, 3157, 253, 1039, 2923, 588, 320, 4127, 275, 253, 2852, 15, 4952, 672, 3382, 7587, 513, 417, 1421, 281, 3576, 747, 9694, 13, 597, 2223, 3662, 1774, 3533, 285, 1361, 2118, 2561, 3579, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 3382, 7587, 760, 2486, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 2568, 2959, 1971, 15, 5131, 7587, 1071, 9694, 323, 1363, 3692, 2923, 556, 417, 12759, 1805, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 3382, 7587, 326, 1071, 747, 4088, 281, 3523, 2923, 432, 36108, 313, 4202, 896, 10, 390, 4796, 253, 1930, 2538, 273, 2923, 1971, 15, 50275, 30466, 7587, 403, 3192, 1659, 275, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 2594, 253, 17012, 27921, 2593, 326, 3637, 323, 4859, 281, 1655, 1971, 3382, 7587, 15, 2053, 452, 644, 22111, 432, 427, 7142, 434, 16485, 273, 3382, 7587, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Immunodeficiency without anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Immunodeficiency without anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Immunodeficiency without anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) IgA deficiency - IgG deficiency - Immunodeficiency - Impaired memory B-cell generation - Increased IgM level - Recurrent mycobacterium avium complex infections - X-linked recessive inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 1293, 271, 73, 301, 29800, 26570, 351, 19278, 48723, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 1293, 271, 73, 301, 29800, 26570, 351, 19278, 48723, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 1293, 271, 73, 301, 29800, 26570, 351, 19278, 48723, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 45213, 14384, 428, 15473, 14384, 428, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 428, 16009, 12260, 3541, 378, 14, 3992, 5978, 428, 32483, 40440, 1268, 428, 4568, 5732, 33410, 34755, 1323, 1514, 2570, 10332, 428, 1594, 14, 16862, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 1293, 271, 73, 301, 29800, 26570, 351, 19278, 48723, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 1293, 271, 73, 301, 29800, 26570, 351, 19278, 48723, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 1293, 271, 73, 301, 29800, 26570, 351, 19278, 48723, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 45213, 14384, 428, 15473, 14384, 428, 14540, 351, 832, 24485, 428, 16009, 12260, 3541, 378, 14, 3992, 5978, 428, 32483, 40440, 1268, 428, 4568, 5732, 33410, 34755, 1323, 1514, 2570, 10332, 428, 1594, 14, 16862, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Microcystic adnexal carcinoma ?
What are the symptoms of microcystic adnexal carcinoma? Microcystic adnexal carcinoma appears as a smooth bump or patch that is slightly raised from the surrounding skin. It may be flesh-colored or yellowish, and it increases in size over time. A microcystic adnexal carcinoma may grow into nerves nearby, which can cause discomfort, numbness, tingling (paresthesia), burning, or itching.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 12761, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 2494, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 32, 12761, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 4620, 347, 247, 6032, 19496, 390, 12097, 326, 310, 5777, 5439, 432, 253, 8704, 4808, 15, 50276, 1147, 778, 320, 15447, 14, 30842, 390, 8862, 763, 13, 285, 352, 5459, 275, 1979, 689, 673, 15, 50276, 34, 2494, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 778, 1756, 715, 22614, 10151, 13, 534, 476, 2847, 25699, 13, 39856, 1255, 13, 39838, 1981, 313, 81, 4885, 19257, 582, 13195, 13, 390, 352, 7695, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 12761, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 2494, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 32, 12761, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 4620, 347, 247, 6032, 19496, 390, 12097, 326, 310, 5777, 5439, 432, 253, 8704, 4808, 15, 50276, 1147, 778, 320, 15447, 14, 30842, 390, 8862, 763, 13, 285, 352, 5459, 275, 1979, 689, 673, 15, 50276, 34, 2494, 951, 11224, 519, 12929, 267, 12382, 778, 1756, 715, 22614, 10151, 13, 534, 476, 2847, 25699, 13, 39856, 1255, 13, 39838, 1981, 313, 81, 4885, 19257, 582, 13195, 13, 390, 352, 7695, 15 ]
What is (are) Steatocystoma multiplex ?
Steatocystoma multiplex is a condition characterized by numerous skin cysts that tend to develop during puberty. Cysts most often develop on the chest, upper arms and face, but may develop all over the body in some cases. The cysts may become inflamed and cause scarring when they heal. The condition is thought to be caused by mutations in the KRT17 gene and appears to be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Some researchers have suggested that the condition may be a mild variant of pachyonychia congenita type 2. Treatment may include minor surgery to remove cysts and oral antibiotics or oral isotretinoin to reduce inflammation.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 2951, 255, 42774, 3691, 25993, 3736, 6812, 255, 42774, 3691, 25993, 310, 247, 1617, 7943, 407, 7418, 4808, 41578, 326, 5257, 281, 1287, 1309, 13384, 39731, 15, 12552, 7752, 954, 2223, 1287, 327, 253, 9081, 13, 5170, 6174, 285, 2454, 13, 533, 778, 1287, 512, 689, 253, 2133, 275, 690, 2219, 15, 380, 41578, 778, 2489, 2157, 3163, 285, 2847, 12689, 804, 672, 597, 20658, 15, 380, 1617, 310, 1869, 281, 320, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 611, 4708, 1166, 3320, 285, 4620, 281, 320, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 5133, 15, 3808, 8607, 452, 5125, 326, 253, 1617, 778, 320, 247, 11134, 12955, 273, 268, 24814, 2421, 348, 571, 24155, 5741, 1511, 374, 15, 17012, 778, 2486, 5884, 5869, 281, 5386, 41578, 285, 7946, 18042, 390, 7946, 14539, 1221, 2610, 249, 281, 4796, 10696, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 2951, 255, 42774, 3691, 25993, 3736, 6812, 255, 42774, 3691, 25993, 310, 247, 1617, 7943, 407, 7418, 4808, 41578, 326, 5257, 281, 1287, 1309, 13384, 39731, 15, 12552, 7752, 954, 2223, 1287, 327, 253, 9081, 13, 5170, 6174, 285, 2454, 13, 533, 778, 1287, 512, 689, 253, 2133, 275, 690, 2219, 15, 380, 41578, 778, 2489, 2157, 3163, 285, 2847, 12689, 804, 672, 597, 20658, 15, 380, 1617, 310, 1869, 281, 320, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 611, 4708, 1166, 3320, 285, 4620, 281, 320, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 5133, 15, 3808, 8607, 452, 5125, 326, 253, 1617, 778, 320, 247, 11134, 12955, 273, 268, 24814, 2421, 348, 571, 24155, 5741, 1511, 374, 15, 17012, 778, 2486, 5884, 5869, 281, 5386, 41578, 285, 7946, 18042, 390, 7946, 14539, 1221, 2610, 249, 281, 4796, 10696, 15 ]
Is hyperlysinemia inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
[ 2513, 4373, 314, 7432, 9512, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 4373, 314, 7432, 9512, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Nephropathic cystinosis ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Nephropathic cystinosis? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Nephropathic cystinosis. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the voice - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Cerebral atrophy - Corneal crystals - Decreased plasma carnitine - Dehydration - Delayed puberty - Delayed skeletal maturation - Diabetes mellitus - Dysphagia - Elevated intracellular cystine - Episodic metabolic acidosis - Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency - Failure to thrive in infancy - Frontal bossing - Generalized aminoaciduria - Genu valgum - Glycosuria - Hepatomegaly - Hypohidrosis - Hyponatremia - Hypophosphatemic rickets - Hypopigmentation of hair - Hypopigmentation of the skin - Male infertility - Metaphyseal widening - Microscopic hematuria - Myopathy - Nephrolithiasis - Photophobia - Pigmentary retinopathy - Polydipsia - Polyuria - Primary hypothyroidism - Progressive neurologic deterioration - Proteinuria - Rachitic rosary - Recurrent corneal erosions - Reduced visual acuity - Renal Fanconi syndrome - Renal insufficiency - Retinal pigment epithelial mottling - Short stature - Skeletal muscle atrophy - Splenomegaly - Visual impairment - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 3532, 545, 1658, 506, 280, 26242, 249, 2433, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 3532, 545, 1658, 506, 280, 26242, 249, 2433, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 3532, 545, 1658, 506, 280, 26242, 249, 2433, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 4318, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 330, 11892, 11887, 34512, 428, 3094, 570, 267, 20642, 428, 44398, 833, 6532, 27771, 262, 460, 428, 1605, 37249, 428, 6304, 19416, 13384, 39731, 428, 6304, 19416, 20847, 24988, 428, 34050, 27000, 428, 399, 656, 545, 356, 571, 428, 13173, 87, 456, 14036, 26242, 460, 428, 10643, 261, 23329, 10761, 3527, 2433, 428, 1889, 21959, 18404, 39975, 428, 32104, 281, 34298, 275, 42986, 428, 1879, 8226, 12145, 272, 428, 4214, 1025, 8898, 34704, 21576, 428, 2588, 86, 821, 72, 360, 428, 30133, 4752, 21576, 428, 21709, 255, 485, 72, 5242, 428, 25295, 1368, 301, 11503, 428, 25295, 251, 255, 46739, 428, 25295, 25982, 255, 11060, 391, 26195, 428, 25295, 412, 304, 16977, 273, 4707, 428, 25295, 412, 304, 16977, 273, 253, 4808, 428, 23588, 44371, 428, 6365, 522, 1994, 339, 267, 50050, 428, 12761, 1026, 6361, 15920, 21576, 428, 2752, 15819, 428, 3532, 545, 1102, 334, 38875, 428, 12010, 40988, 428, 40274, 420, 552, 26965, 15819, 428, 3130, 10120, 2824, 571, 428, 18371, 21576, 428, 20988, 3500, 16715, 37739, 428, 39935, 15674, 280, 28153, 428, 20112, 21576, 428, 416, 607, 17533, 687, 84, 552, 428, 4568, 5732, 33477, 2827, 375, 621, 428, 4410, 5504, 5304, 43457, 428, 12751, 267, 29531, 585, 74, 9237, 428, 12751, 267, 39975, 428, 6724, 989, 30448, 13923, 278, 1519, 1981, 428, 14196, 45540, 428, 322, 30554, 6616, 34512, 428, 33119, 257, 485, 72, 5242, 428, 17633, 15151, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 3532, 545, 1658, 506, 280, 26242, 249, 2433, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 3532, 545, 1658, 506, 280, 26242, 249, 2433, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 3532, 545, 1658, 506, 280, 26242, 249, 2433, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 4318, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 330, 11892, 11887, 34512, 428, 3094, 570, 267, 20642, 428, 44398, 833, 6532, 27771, 262, 460, 428, 1605, 37249, 428, 6304, 19416, 13384, 39731, 428, 6304, 19416, 20847, 24988, 428, 34050, 27000, 428, 399, 656, 545, 356, 571, 428, 13173, 87, 456, 14036, 26242, 460, 428, 10643, 261, 23329, 10761, 3527, 2433, 428, 1889, 21959, 18404, 39975, 428, 32104, 281, 34298, 275, 42986, 428, 1879, 8226, 12145, 272, 428, 4214, 1025, 8898, 34704, 21576, 428, 2588, 86, 821, 72, 360, 428, 30133, 4752, 21576, 428, 21709, 255, 485, 72, 5242, 428, 25295, 1368, 301, 11503, 428, 25295, 251, 255, 46739, 428, 25295, 25982, 255, 11060, 391, 26195, 428, 25295, 412, 304, 16977, 273, 4707, 428, 25295, 412, 304, 16977, 273, 253, 4808, 428, 23588, 44371, 428, 6365, 522, 1994, 339, 267, 50050, 428, 12761, 1026, 6361, 15920, 21576, 428, 2752, 15819, 428, 3532, 545, 1102, 334, 38875, 428, 12010, 40988, 428, 40274, 420, 552, 26965, 15819, 428, 3130, 10120, 2824, 571, 428, 18371, 21576, 428, 20988, 3500, 16715, 37739, 428, 39935, 15674, 280, 28153, 428, 20112, 21576, 428, 416, 607, 17533, 687, 84, 552, 428, 4568, 5732, 33477, 2827, 375, 621, 428, 4410, 5504, 5304, 43457, 428, 12751, 267, 29531, 585, 74, 9237, 428, 12751, 267, 39975, 428, 6724, 989, 30448, 13923, 278, 1519, 1981, 428, 14196, 45540, 428, 322, 30554, 6616, 34512, 428, 33119, 257, 485, 72, 5242, 428, 17633, 15151, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What causes HELLP syndrome ?
What causes HELLP syndrome? Doctors are still unclear on what exactly causes HELLP syndrome. Although it is more common in women who have preeclampsia or pregnancy induced hypertension (high blood pressure), there are still a number of women who get it without previously showing signs of preeclampsia. The following risk factors may increase a woman's risk of developing HELLP syndrome: Previous pregnancy with HELLP Syndrome (19-27% chance of recurrence in each pregnancy) Preeclampsia or pregnancy induced hypertension Women over the age of 25 Being caucasian Multiparous (given birth two or more times)
[ 1276, 5997, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 3736, 1276, 5997, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 32, 48270, 403, 1335, 12744, 327, 752, 4555, 5997, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 15, 4129, 352, 310, 625, 1846, 275, 2255, 665, 452, 638, 44008, 49709, 390, 10438, 5802, 14300, 313, 8656, 2614, 3473, 582, 627, 403, 1335, 247, 1180, 273, 2255, 665, 755, 352, 1293, 3786, 4645, 7871, 273, 638, 44008, 49709, 15, 380, 1563, 2495, 2616, 778, 2572, 247, 3416, 434, 2495, 273, 6684, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 27, 20676, 10438, 342, 10197, 2293, 49, 39365, 313, 746, 14, 1630, 6, 4839, 273, 15969, 275, 1016, 10438, 10, 367, 658, 498, 49709, 390, 10438, 5802, 14300, 10168, 689, 253, 2363, 273, 2030, 16688, 42775, 27933, 9170, 532, 274, 528, 313, 28821, 4201, 767, 390, 625, 2069, 10 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 5997, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 3736, 1276, 5997, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 32, 48270, 403, 1335, 12744, 327, 752, 4555, 5997, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 15, 4129, 352, 310, 625, 1846, 275, 2255, 665, 452, 638, 44008, 49709, 390, 10438, 5802, 14300, 313, 8656, 2614, 3473, 582, 627, 403, 1335, 247, 1180, 273, 2255, 665, 755, 352, 1293, 3786, 4645, 7871, 273, 638, 44008, 49709, 15, 380, 1563, 2495, 2616, 778, 2572, 247, 3416, 434, 2495, 273, 6684, 10197, 2293, 49, 9237, 27, 20676, 10438, 342, 10197, 2293, 49, 39365, 313, 746, 14, 1630, 6, 4839, 273, 15969, 275, 1016, 10438, 10, 367, 658, 498, 49709, 390, 10438, 5802, 14300, 10168, 689, 253, 2363, 273, 2030, 16688, 42775, 27933, 9170, 532, 274, 528, 313, 28821, 4201, 767, 390, 625, 2069, 10 ]
What is (are) High Blood Pressure ?
Only a small amount of the salt that we eat comes from the salt shaker, and only small amounts occur naturally in food. Most of the salt that we eat comes from processed foods -- for example, canned or processed meat, baked goods, and certain cereals, and foods with soy sauce, seasoned salts, monosodium glutamate (MSG), and baking soda. Food from fast food restaurants, frozen foods, and canned foods also tend to be higher in sodium.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 4855, 14169, 45600, 3736, 11564, 247, 1355, 2408, 273, 253, 7043, 326, 359, 6008, 3249, 432, 253, 7043, 439, 4584, 13, 285, 760, 1355, 8322, 2826, 10748, 275, 2739, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 7043, 326, 359, 6008, 3249, 432, 11742, 12134, 1969, 323, 1650, 13, 45364, 390, 11742, 9132, 13, 30363, 10229, 13, 285, 2176, 9731, 932, 13, 285, 12134, 342, 19175, 12364, 13, 43235, 26793, 13, 1114, 375, 26796, 29204, 313, 24691, 582, 285, 17326, 29737, 15, 11431, 432, 3809, 2739, 15114, 13, 13831, 12134, 13, 285, 45364, 12134, 671, 5257, 281, 320, 2169, 275, 11914, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 4855, 14169, 45600, 3736, 11564, 247, 1355, 2408, 273, 253, 7043, 326, 359, 6008, 3249, 432, 253, 7043, 439, 4584, 13, 285, 760, 1355, 8322, 2826, 10748, 275, 2739, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 7043, 326, 359, 6008, 3249, 432, 11742, 12134, 1969, 323, 1650, 13, 45364, 390, 11742, 9132, 13, 30363, 10229, 13, 285, 2176, 9731, 932, 13, 285, 12134, 342, 19175, 12364, 13, 43235, 26793, 13, 1114, 375, 26796, 29204, 313, 24691, 582, 285, 17326, 29737, 15, 11431, 432, 3809, 2739, 15114, 13, 13831, 12134, 13, 285, 45364, 12134, 671, 5257, 281, 320, 2169, 275, 11914, 15 ]
Do you have information about MRI Scans
Summary : Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses a large magnet and radio waves to look at organs and structures inside your body. Health care professionals use MRI scans to diagnose a variety of conditions, from torn ligaments to tumors. MRIs are very useful for examining the brain and spinal cord. During the scan, you lie on a table that slides inside a tunnel-shaped machine. Doing the scan can take a long time, and you must stay still. The scan is painless. The MRI machine makes a lot of noise. The technician may offer you earplugs. Before you get a scan, tell your doctor if you - Are pregnant - Have pieces of metal in your body. You might have metal in your body if you have a shrapnel or bullet injury or if you are a welder. - Have metal or electronic devices in your body, such as a cardiac pacemaker or a metal artificial joint
[ 4045, 368, 452, 1491, 670, 14478, 1810, 507, 18548, 1163, 40966, 12549, 6979, 313, 22410, 10, 4648, 247, 1781, 10973, 285, 5553, 10212, 281, 1007, 387, 15384, 285, 5289, 3304, 634, 2133, 15, 4775, 1557, 12440, 897, 14478, 20947, 281, 33901, 247, 5235, 273, 2515, 13, 432, 15070, 8405, 19491, 281, 8837, 15, 11928, 2513, 403, 1077, 4217, 323, 17565, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 15, 50273, 10457, 253, 11017, 13, 368, 7027, 327, 247, 2829, 326, 19459, 3304, 247, 16583, 14, 13824, 5145, 15, 38733, 253, 11017, 476, 1379, 247, 1048, 673, 13, 285, 368, 1364, 3297, 1335, 15, 380, 11017, 310, 3075, 1417, 15, 380, 14478, 5145, 2789, 247, 2257, 273, 6046, 15, 380, 40048, 778, 3959, 368, 2472, 17381, 84, 15, 50274, 8639, 368, 755, 247, 11017, 13, 2028, 634, 7345, 604, 368, 50270, 14, 6272, 12821, 50273, 14, 12238, 7437, 273, 5148, 275, 634, 2133, 15, 1422, 1537, 452, 5148, 275, 634, 2133, 604, 368, 452, 247, 439, 1761, 8101, 390, 16950, 4975, 390, 604, 368, 403, 247, 6210, 491, 15, 50274, 14, 12238, 5148, 390, 7051, 4095, 275, 634, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 247, 10177, 19162, 36184, 390, 247, 5148, 13345, 6036 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 4045, 368, 452, 1491, 670, 14478, 1810, 507, 18548, 1163, 40966, 12549, 6979, 313, 22410, 10, 4648, 247, 1781, 10973, 285, 5553, 10212, 281, 1007, 387, 15384, 285, 5289, 3304, 634, 2133, 15, 4775, 1557, 12440, 897, 14478, 20947, 281, 33901, 247, 5235, 273, 2515, 13, 432, 15070, 8405, 19491, 281, 8837, 15, 11928, 2513, 403, 1077, 4217, 323, 17565, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 15, 50273, 10457, 253, 11017, 13, 368, 7027, 327, 247, 2829, 326, 19459, 3304, 247, 16583, 14, 13824, 5145, 15, 38733, 253, 11017, 476, 1379, 247, 1048, 673, 13, 285, 368, 1364, 3297, 1335, 15, 380, 11017, 310, 3075, 1417, 15, 380, 14478, 5145, 2789, 247, 2257, 273, 6046, 15, 380, 40048, 778, 3959, 368, 2472, 17381, 84, 15, 50274, 8639, 368, 755, 247, 11017, 13, 2028, 634, 7345, 604, 368, 50270, 14, 6272, 12821, 50273, 14, 12238, 7437, 273, 5148, 275, 634, 2133, 15, 1422, 1537, 452, 5148, 275, 634, 2133, 604, 368, 452, 247, 439, 1761, 8101, 390, 16950, 4975, 390, 604, 368, 403, 247, 6210, 491, 15, 50274, 14, 12238, 5148, 390, 7051, 4095, 275, 634, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 247, 10177, 19162, 36184, 390, 247, 5148, 13345, 6036 ]
What are the genetic changes related to alpha thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability syndrome ?
Alpha thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability syndrome results from mutations in the ATRX gene. This gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays an essential role in normal development. Although the exact function of the ATRX protein is unknown, studies suggest that it helps regulate the activity (expression) of other genes. Among these genes are HBA1 and HBA2, which are necessary for normal hemoglobin production. Mutations in the ATRX gene change the structure of the ATRX protein, which likely prevents it from effectively regulating gene expression. Reduced activity of the HBA1 and HBA2 genes causes alpha thalassemia. Abnormal expression of other genes, which have not been identified, probably causes developmental delay, distinctive facial features, and the other signs and symptoms of alpha thalassemia X-linked intellectual disability syndrome.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 9765, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 1594, 14, 16862, 12720, 12564, 9237, 3736, 29858, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 1594, 14, 16862, 12720, 12564, 9237, 1543, 432, 9197, 275, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 7120, 271, 5667, 2554, 275, 2622, 2440, 15, 4129, 253, 3242, 1159, 273, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 2601, 310, 7202, 13, 2175, 1804, 326, 352, 7729, 14368, 253, 2425, 313, 17759, 10, 273, 643, 3608, 15, 9658, 841, 3608, 403, 388, 6327, 18, 285, 388, 6327, 19, 13, 534, 403, 3309, 323, 2622, 30242, 3275, 15, 50276, 31135, 569, 275, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 3320, 1818, 253, 2605, 273, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 2601, 13, 534, 2779, 16897, 352, 432, 8069, 18611, 3320, 2048, 15, 4410, 5504, 2425, 273, 253, 388, 6327, 18, 285, 388, 6327, 19, 3608, 5997, 9765, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 15, 3506, 6320, 2048, 273, 643, 3608, 13, 534, 452, 417, 644, 3636, 13, 3164, 5997, 16743, 5778, 13, 21488, 17754, 3386, 13, 285, 253, 643, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 9765, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 1594, 14, 16862, 12720, 12564, 9237, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 9765, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 1594, 14, 16862, 12720, 12564, 9237, 3736, 29858, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 1594, 14, 16862, 12720, 12564, 9237, 1543, 432, 9197, 275, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 7120, 271, 5667, 2554, 275, 2622, 2440, 15, 4129, 253, 3242, 1159, 273, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 2601, 310, 7202, 13, 2175, 1804, 326, 352, 7729, 14368, 253, 2425, 313, 17759, 10, 273, 643, 3608, 15, 9658, 841, 3608, 403, 388, 6327, 18, 285, 388, 6327, 19, 13, 534, 403, 3309, 323, 2622, 30242, 3275, 15, 50276, 31135, 569, 275, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 3320, 1818, 253, 2605, 273, 253, 329, 3125, 57, 2601, 13, 534, 2779, 16897, 352, 432, 8069, 18611, 3320, 2048, 15, 4410, 5504, 2425, 273, 253, 388, 6327, 18, 285, 388, 6327, 19, 3608, 5997, 9765, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 15, 3506, 6320, 2048, 273, 643, 3608, 13, 534, 452, 417, 644, 3636, 13, 3164, 5997, 16743, 5778, 13, 21488, 17754, 3386, 13, 285, 253, 643, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 9765, 32292, 284, 6017, 571, 1594, 14, 16862, 12720, 12564, 9237, 15 ]
How to diagnose Ewing Sarcoma ?
Tests that examine the bone and soft tissue are used to diagnose and stage Ewing sarcoma. Procedures that make pictures of the bones and soft tissues and nearby areas help diagnose Ewing sarcoma and show how far the cancer has spread. The process used to find out if cancer cells have spread within and around the bones and soft tissues is called staging. In order to plan treatment, it is important to know if the cancer is in the area where it first formed or if it has spread to other parts of the body. Tests and procedures to detect, diagnose, and stage Ewing sarcoma are usually done at the same time. The following tests and procedures may be used to diagnose or stage Ewing sarcoma: - Physical exam and history : An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patients health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken. - MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, such as the area where the tumor formed. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). - CT scan (CAT scan): A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, such as the area where the tumor formed or the chest, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. A dye may be injected into a vein or swallowed to help the organs or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerized tomography, or computerized axial tomography. - PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): A procedure to find malignant tumor cells in the body. A small amount of radioactive glucose (sugar) is injected into a vein. The PET scanner rotates around the body and makes a picture of where glucose is being used in the body. Malignant tumor cells show up brighter in the picture because they are more active and take up more glucose than normal cells do. A PET scan and a CT scan are often done at the same time. If there is any cancer, this increases the chance that it will be found. - Bone scan : A procedure to check if there are rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, in the bone. A very small amount of radioactive material is injected into a vein and travels through the bloodstream. The radioactive material collects in the bones with cancer and is detected by a scanner. - Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy : The removal of bone marrow and a small piece of bone by inserting a hollow needle into the hipbone. Samples are removed from both hipbones. A pathologist views the bone marrow and bone under a microscope to see if the cancer has spread. - X-ray: An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body, such as the chest or the area where the tumor formed. - Complete blood count (CBC): A procedure in which a sample of blood is drawn and checked for the following: - The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. - The amount of hemoglobin (the protein that carries oxygen) in the red blood cells. - The portion of the blood sample made up of red blood cells. - Blood chemistry studies : A procedure in which a blood sample is checked to measure the amounts of certain substances, such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), released into the blood by organs and tissues in the body. An unusual (higher or lower than normal) amount of a substance can be a sign of disease. A biopsy is done to diagnose Ewing sarcoma. Tissue samples are removed during a biopsy so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist to check for signs of cancer. It is helpful if the biopsy is done at the same center where treatment will be given. - Needle biopsy : For a needle biopsy, tissue is removed using a needle. This type of needle biopsy may be done if its possible to remove tissue samples large enough to be used for testing. - Incisional biopsy : For an incisional biopsy, a sample of tissue is removed through an incision in the skin. - Excisional biopsy : The removal of an entire lump or area of tissue that doesnt look normal. The specialists (pathologist, radiation oncologist, and surgeon) who will treat the patient usually work together to decide where the needle should be placed or the biopsy incision should be made. This is done so that the biopsy doesn't affect later treatment such as surgery to remove the tumor or radiation therapy. If there is a chance that the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes, one or more lymph nodes may be removed and checked for signs of cancer. The following tests may be done on the tissue that is removed: - Cytogenetic analysis : A laboratory test in which cells in a sample of tissue are viewed under a microscope to look for certain changes in the chromosomes. - Immunohistochemistry : A test that uses antibodies to check for certain antigens in a sample of tissue. The antibody is usually linked to a radioactive substance or a dye that causes the tissue to light up under a microscope. This type of test may be used to tell the difference between different types of cancer. - Flow cytometry : A laboratory test that measures the number of cells in a sample, the percentage of live cells in a sample, and certain characteristics of cells, such as size, shape, and the presence of tumor markers on the cell surface. The cells are stained with a light-sensitive dye, placed in a fluid, and passed in a stream before a laser or other type of light. The measurements are based on how the light-sensitive dye reacts to the light.
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 444, 7706, 9997, 18187, 3736, 26943, 326, 9186, 253, 5961, 285, 2602, 4408, 403, 908, 281, 33901, 285, 3924, 444, 7706, 45928, 15, 187, 50258, 1845, 758, 980, 326, 1056, 7968, 273, 253, 14910, 285, 2602, 7944, 285, 10151, 3672, 1361, 33901, 444, 7706, 45928, 285, 921, 849, 2080, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 15, 380, 1232, 908, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 1341, 452, 5195, 1561, 285, 1475, 253, 14910, 285, 2602, 7944, 310, 1925, 28727, 15, 50275, 688, 1340, 281, 2098, 1971, 13, 352, 310, 1774, 281, 871, 604, 253, 2923, 310, 275, 253, 2170, 835, 352, 806, 4447, 390, 604, 352, 556, 5195, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 32503, 285, 7259, 281, 2736, 13, 33901, 13, 285, 3924, 444, 7706, 45928, 403, 3798, 2218, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 15, 50275, 510, 1563, 5216, 285, 7259, 778, 320, 908, 281, 33901, 390, 3924, 444, 7706, 45928, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 35227, 1174, 285, 2892, 1163, 743, 1174, 273, 253, 2133, 281, 2451, 2087, 7871, 273, 1786, 13, 1690, 12669, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 13, 824, 347, 298, 10628, 390, 2712, 2010, 326, 3133, 11555, 15, 329, 2892, 273, 253, 1363, 1786, 16964, 285, 2469, 31372, 285, 9694, 588, 671, 320, 2668, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 22410, 313, 41947, 12549, 6979, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 4648, 247, 10973, 13, 5553, 10212, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 253, 2170, 835, 253, 4502, 4447, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 6069, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 18971, 4873, 481, 50274, 14, 50275, 1647, 11017, 313, 24227, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 2789, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 253, 2170, 835, 253, 4502, 4447, 390, 253, 9081, 13, 2668, 432, 1027, 14636, 15, 380, 7968, 403, 1160, 407, 247, 4382, 7939, 281, 271, 1269, 14, 1402, 5145, 15, 329, 18722, 778, 320, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 390, 30427, 281, 1361, 253, 15384, 390, 7944, 921, 598, 625, 4518, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 10302, 20213, 13, 47968, 20213, 13, 390, 47968, 19853, 20213, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 34751, 11017, 313, 993, 262, 1406, 8295, 20213, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 281, 1089, 17566, 4502, 1341, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 329, 1355, 2408, 273, 33419, 8383, 313, 84, 16734, 10, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 380, 19602, 25152, 45933, 1475, 253, 2133, 285, 2789, 247, 5406, 273, 835, 8383, 310, 1146, 908, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 5979, 45806, 4502, 1341, 921, 598, 32950, 275, 253, 5406, 984, 597, 403, 625, 3939, 285, 1379, 598, 625, 8383, 685, 2622, 1341, 513, 15, 329, 19602, 11017, 285, 247, 7403, 11017, 403, 2223, 2218, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 15, 1310, 627, 310, 667, 2923, 13, 436, 5459, 253, 4839, 326, 352, 588, 320, 1119, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 35, 531, 11017, 1163, 329, 5199, 281, 2451, 604, 627, 403, 9086, 23534, 1341, 13, 824, 347, 2923, 1341, 13, 275, 253, 5961, 15, 329, 1077, 1355, 2408, 273, 33419, 2144, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 285, 24376, 949, 253, 2614, 4963, 15, 380, 33419, 2144, 41084, 275, 253, 14910, 342, 2923, 285, 310, 5189, 407, 247, 25152, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 35, 531, 18440, 36951, 285, 18323, 1163, 380, 8570, 273, 5961, 18440, 285, 247, 1355, 5313, 273, 5961, 407, 30471, 247, 19781, 15460, 715, 253, 13290, 15801, 15, 26394, 403, 5176, 432, 1097, 13290, 47473, 15, 329, 1854, 10364, 6849, 253, 5961, 18440, 285, 5961, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 923, 604, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 57, 14, 1402, 27, 743, 1269, 14, 1402, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 2341, 8325, 326, 476, 564, 949, 253, 2133, 285, 4830, 3085, 13, 2403, 247, 5406, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 253, 9081, 390, 253, 2170, 835, 253, 4502, 4447, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 26626, 2614, 1385, 313, 40222, 2262, 329, 5199, 275, 534, 247, 3410, 273, 2614, 310, 8392, 285, 10141, 323, 253, 1563, 27, 50263, 14, 380, 1180, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 13, 3168, 2614, 1341, 13, 285, 32359, 15, 50272, 14, 380, 2408, 273, 30242, 313, 783, 2601, 326, 15814, 7768, 10, 275, 253, 2502, 2614, 1341, 15, 50272, 14, 380, 5110, 273, 253, 2614, 3410, 1160, 598, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 15, 50264, 14, 50275, 30456, 18090, 2175, 1163, 329, 5199, 275, 534, 247, 2614, 3410, 310, 10141, 281, 2557, 253, 8322, 273, 2176, 15991, 13, 824, 347, 32109, 28421, 313, 9803, 41, 582, 4439, 715, 253, 2614, 407, 15384, 285, 7944, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 743, 11555, 313, 41832, 390, 2406, 685, 2622, 10, 2408, 273, 247, 10359, 476, 320, 247, 861, 273, 2728, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 34, 18323, 310, 2218, 281, 33901, 444, 7706, 45928, 15, 187, 50258, 53, 15697, 3530, 403, 5176, 1309, 247, 18323, 594, 597, 476, 320, 11575, 762, 247, 17199, 407, 247, 1854, 10364, 281, 2451, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 733, 310, 9371, 604, 253, 18323, 310, 2218, 387, 253, 1072, 4055, 835, 1971, 588, 320, 1677, 15, 50269, 14, 50275, 32783, 282, 18323, 1163, 1198, 247, 15460, 18323, 13, 4408, 310, 5176, 970, 247, 15460, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 15460, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 604, 697, 1896, 281, 5386, 4408, 3530, 1781, 2217, 281, 320, 908, 323, 5175, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 29228, 1297, 267, 18323, 1163, 1198, 271, 33708, 267, 18323, 13, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 310, 5176, 949, 271, 33708, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 1672, 68, 1297, 267, 18323, 1163, 380, 8570, 273, 271, 2862, 32163, 390, 2170, 273, 4408, 326, 36908, 1007, 2622, 15, 50270, 510, 27371, 313, 3967, 10364, 13, 7742, 18695, 10364, 13, 285, 20997, 10, 665, 588, 1555, 253, 3110, 3798, 789, 2366, 281, 7617, 835, 253, 15460, 943, 320, 4845, 390, 253, 18323, 33708, 943, 320, 1160, 15, 831, 310, 2218, 594, 326, 253, 18323, 2506, 626, 2818, 1996, 1971, 824, 347, 5869, 281, 5386, 253, 4502, 390, 7742, 4918, 15, 50275, 2042, 627, 310, 247, 4839, 326, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 10151, 6946, 7632, 13, 581, 390, 625, 6946, 7632, 778, 320, 5176, 285, 10141, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 50275, 510, 1563, 5216, 778, 320, 2218, 327, 253, 4408, 326, 310, 5176, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 36, 1767, 15716, 1783, 1163, 329, 9965, 1071, 275, 534, 1341, 275, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 403, 11575, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 1007, 323, 2176, 2544, 275, 253, 25112, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 30458, 17384, 18334, 1163, 329, 1071, 326, 4648, 8740, 281, 2451, 323, 2176, 22240, 275, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 15, 380, 8092, 310, 3798, 7939, 281, 247, 33419, 10359, 390, 247, 18722, 326, 5997, 253, 4408, 281, 1708, 598, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 1071, 778, 320, 908, 281, 2028, 253, 3064, 875, 1027, 3510, 273, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 20671, 22623, 1163, 329, 9965, 1071, 326, 5593, 253, 1180, 273, 1341, 275, 247, 3410, 13, 253, 7155, 273, 3153, 1341, 275, 247, 3410, 13, 285, 2176, 5319, 273, 1341, 13, 824, 347, 1979, 13, 5281, 13, 285, 253, 3361, 273, 4502, 9588, 327, 253, 894, 2553, 15, 380, 1341, 403, 13968, 342, 247, 1708, 14, 19579, 18722, 13, 4845, 275, 247, 6514, 13, 285, 4817, 275, 247, 5542, 1078, 247, 8166, 390, 643, 1511, 273, 1708, 15, 380, 6341, 403, 1754, 327, 849, 253, 1708, 14, 19579, 18722, 44865, 281, 253, 1708, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 444, 7706, 9997, 18187, 3736, 26943, 326, 9186, 253, 5961, 285, 2602, 4408, 403, 908, 281, 33901, 285, 3924, 444, 7706, 45928, 15, 187, 50258, 1845, 758, 980, 326, 1056, 7968, 273, 253, 14910, 285, 2602, 7944, 285, 10151, 3672, 1361, 33901, 444, 7706, 45928, 285, 921, 849, 2080, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 15, 380, 1232, 908, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 1341, 452, 5195, 1561, 285, 1475, 253, 14910, 285, 2602, 7944, 310, 1925, 28727, 15, 50275, 688, 1340, 281, 2098, 1971, 13, 352, 310, 1774, 281, 871, 604, 253, 2923, 310, 275, 253, 2170, 835, 352, 806, 4447, 390, 604, 352, 556, 5195, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 32503, 285, 7259, 281, 2736, 13, 33901, 13, 285, 3924, 444, 7706, 45928, 403, 3798, 2218, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 15, 50275, 510, 1563, 5216, 285, 7259, 778, 320, 908, 281, 33901, 390, 3924, 444, 7706, 45928, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 35227, 1174, 285, 2892, 1163, 743, 1174, 273, 253, 2133, 281, 2451, 2087, 7871, 273, 1786, 13, 1690, 12669, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 13, 824, 347, 298, 10628, 390, 2712, 2010, 326, 3133, 11555, 15, 329, 2892, 273, 253, 1363, 1786, 16964, 285, 2469, 31372, 285, 9694, 588, 671, 320, 2668, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 22410, 313, 41947, 12549, 6979, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 4648, 247, 10973, 13, 5553, 10212, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 253, 2170, 835, 253, 4502, 4447, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 6069, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 18971, 4873, 481, 50274, 14, 50275, 1647, 11017, 313, 24227, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 2789, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 253, 2170, 835, 253, 4502, 4447, 390, 253, 9081, 13, 2668, 432, 1027, 14636, 15, 380, 7968, 403, 1160, 407, 247, 4382, 7939, 281, 271, 1269, 14, 1402, 5145, 15, 329, 18722, 778, 320, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 390, 30427, 281, 1361, 253, 15384, 390, 7944, 921, 598, 625, 4518, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 10302, 20213, 13, 47968, 20213, 13, 390, 47968, 19853, 20213, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 34751, 11017, 313, 993, 262, 1406, 8295, 20213, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 281, 1089, 17566, 4502, 1341, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 329, 1355, 2408, 273, 33419, 8383, 313, 84, 16734, 10, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 380, 19602, 25152, 45933, 1475, 253, 2133, 285, 2789, 247, 5406, 273, 835, 8383, 310, 1146, 908, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 5979, 45806, 4502, 1341, 921, 598, 32950, 275, 253, 5406, 984, 597, 403, 625, 3939, 285, 1379, 598, 625, 8383, 685, 2622, 1341, 513, 15, 329, 19602, 11017, 285, 247, 7403, 11017, 403, 2223, 2218, 387, 253, 1072, 673, 15, 1310, 627, 310, 667, 2923, 13, 436, 5459, 253, 4839, 326, 352, 588, 320, 1119, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 35, 531, 11017, 1163, 329, 5199, 281, 2451, 604, 627, 403, 9086, 23534, 1341, 13, 824, 347, 2923, 1341, 13, 275, 253, 5961, 15, 329, 1077, 1355, 2408, 273, 33419, 2144, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 285, 24376, 949, 253, 2614, 4963, 15, 380, 33419, 2144, 41084, 275, 253, 14910, 342, 2923, 285, 310, 5189, 407, 247, 25152, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 35, 531, 18440, 36951, 285, 18323, 1163, 380, 8570, 273, 5961, 18440, 285, 247, 1355, 5313, 273, 5961, 407, 30471, 247, 19781, 15460, 715, 253, 13290, 15801, 15, 26394, 403, 5176, 432, 1097, 13290, 47473, 15, 329, 1854, 10364, 6849, 253, 5961, 18440, 285, 5961, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 923, 604, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 57, 14, 1402, 27, 743, 1269, 14, 1402, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 2341, 8325, 326, 476, 564, 949, 253, 2133, 285, 4830, 3085, 13, 2403, 247, 5406, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 824, 347, 253, 9081, 390, 253, 2170, 835, 253, 4502, 4447, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 26626, 2614, 1385, 313, 40222, 2262, 329, 5199, 275, 534, 247, 3410, 273, 2614, 310, 8392, 285, 10141, 323, 253, 1563, 27, 50263, 14, 380, 1180, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 13, 3168, 2614, 1341, 13, 285, 32359, 15, 50272, 14, 380, 2408, 273, 30242, 313, 783, 2601, 326, 15814, 7768, 10, 275, 253, 2502, 2614, 1341, 15, 50272, 14, 380, 5110, 273, 253, 2614, 3410, 1160, 598, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 15, 50264, 14, 50275, 30456, 18090, 2175, 1163, 329, 5199, 275, 534, 247, 2614, 3410, 310, 10141, 281, 2557, 253, 8322, 273, 2176, 15991, 13, 824, 347, 32109, 28421, 313, 9803, 41, 582, 4439, 715, 253, 2614, 407, 15384, 285, 7944, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 743, 11555, 313, 41832, 390, 2406, 685, 2622, 10, 2408, 273, 247, 10359, 476, 320, 247, 861, 273, 2728, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 34, 18323, 310, 2218, 281, 33901, 444, 7706, 45928, 15, 187, 50258, 53, 15697, 3530, 403, 5176, 1309, 247, 18323, 594, 597, 476, 320, 11575, 762, 247, 17199, 407, 247, 1854, 10364, 281, 2451, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 733, 310, 9371, 604, 253, 18323, 310, 2218, 387, 253, 1072, 4055, 835, 1971, 588, 320, 1677, 15, 50269, 14, 50275, 32783, 282, 18323, 1163, 1198, 247, 15460, 18323, 13, 4408, 310, 5176, 970, 247, 15460, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 15460, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 604, 697, 1896, 281, 5386, 4408, 3530, 1781, 2217, 281, 320, 908, 323, 5175, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 29228, 1297, 267, 18323, 1163, 1198, 271, 33708, 267, 18323, 13, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 310, 5176, 949, 271, 33708, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 1672, 68, 1297, 267, 18323, 1163, 380, 8570, 273, 271, 2862, 32163, 390, 2170, 273, 4408, 326, 36908, 1007, 2622, 15, 50270, 510, 27371, 313, 3967, 10364, 13, 7742, 18695, 10364, 13, 285, 20997, 10, 665, 588, 1555, 253, 3110, 3798, 789, 2366, 281, 7617, 835, 253, 15460, 943, 320, 4845, 390, 253, 18323, 33708, 943, 320, 1160, 15, 831, 310, 2218, 594, 326, 253, 18323, 2506, 626, 2818, 1996, 1971, 824, 347, 5869, 281, 5386, 253, 4502, 390, 7742, 4918, 15, 50275, 2042, 627, 310, 247, 4839, 326, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 10151, 6946, 7632, 13, 581, 390, 625, 6946, 7632, 778, 320, 5176, 285, 10141, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 50275, 510, 1563, 5216, 778, 320, 2218, 327, 253, 4408, 326, 310, 5176, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 36, 1767, 15716, 1783, 1163, 329, 9965, 1071, 275, 534, 1341, 275, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 403, 11575, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 1007, 323, 2176, 2544, 275, 253, 25112, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 30458, 17384, 18334, 1163, 329, 1071, 326, 4648, 8740, 281, 2451, 323, 2176, 22240, 275, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 15, 380, 8092, 310, 3798, 7939, 281, 247, 33419, 10359, 390, 247, 18722, 326, 5997, 253, 4408, 281, 1708, 598, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 1071, 778, 320, 908, 281, 2028, 253, 3064, 875, 1027, 3510, 273, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 20671, 22623, 1163, 329, 9965, 1071, 326, 5593, 253, 1180, 273, 1341, 275, 247, 3410, 13, 253, 7155, 273, 3153, 1341, 275, 247, 3410, 13, 285, 2176, 5319, 273, 1341, 13, 824, 347, 1979, 13, 5281, 13, 285, 253, 3361, 273, 4502, 9588, 327, 253, 894, 2553, 15, 380, 1341, 403, 13968, 342, 247, 1708, 14, 19579, 18722, 13, 4845, 275, 247, 6514, 13, 285, 4817, 275, 247, 5542, 1078, 247, 8166, 390, 643, 1511, 273, 1708, 15, 380, 6341, 403, 1754, 327, 849, 253, 1708, 14, 19579, 18722, 44865, 281, 253, 1708, 15 ]
What to do for What I need to know about Preparing for Pregnancy if I Have Diabetes ?
- If you have diabetes, the best time to control your blood glucose, also called blood sugar, is before you get pregnant. High blood glucose levels can be harmful to your baby during the first weeks of pregnancyeven before you know you are pregnant. - Keeping your blood glucose as close to normal as possible before and during your pregnancy is the most important thing you can do to stay healthy and have a healthy baby. - Before you get pregnant, you can plan and prepare for having a healthy pregnancy and a healthy baby. If you have diabetes and are already pregnant, you can make sure you are doing everything you can to take care of yourself and your diabetes during your pregnancy. - Regular visits with members of a health care team who are experts in diabetes and pregnancy will ensure you get the best care. Your health care team can help you learn how to use a healthy eating plan, physical activity, and medicines to reach your blood glucose targets before and during pregnancy. - During pregnancy, the safest diabetes medicine is insulin. Your health care team will work with you to make a personalized insulin routine. Some medicines are not safe during pregnancy and should be stopped before you get pregnant. Your doctor can tell you which medicines to stop taking. - You will have tests throughout your pregnancy to check your baby's health. - You can give your baby a healthy start by breastfeeding.
[ 1276, 281, 513, 323, 1737, 309, 878, 281, 871, 670, 5729, 48434, 323, 367, 42502, 604, 309, 12238, 34050, 3736, 14, 1310, 368, 452, 8401, 13, 253, 1682, 673, 281, 1453, 634, 2614, 8383, 13, 671, 1925, 2614, 8618, 13, 310, 1078, 368, 755, 12821, 15, 4855, 2614, 8383, 2308, 476, 320, 19632, 281, 634, 6858, 1309, 253, 806, 3618, 273, 10438, 9154, 1078, 368, 871, 368, 403, 12821, 15, 50276, 14, 46769, 634, 2614, 8383, 347, 2810, 281, 2622, 347, 1896, 1078, 285, 1309, 634, 10438, 310, 253, 954, 1774, 2181, 368, 476, 513, 281, 3297, 5875, 285, 452, 247, 5875, 6858, 15, 50276, 14, 9613, 368, 755, 12821, 13, 368, 476, 2098, 285, 10347, 323, 1907, 247, 5875, 10438, 285, 247, 5875, 6858, 15, 1310, 368, 452, 8401, 285, 403, 2168, 12821, 13, 368, 476, 1056, 2119, 368, 403, 2509, 3253, 368, 476, 281, 1379, 1557, 273, 4834, 285, 634, 8401, 1309, 634, 10438, 15, 50276, 14, 35116, 12941, 342, 2758, 273, 247, 1786, 1557, 2285, 665, 403, 10071, 275, 8401, 285, 10438, 588, 5416, 368, 755, 253, 1682, 1557, 15, 5402, 1786, 1557, 2285, 476, 1361, 368, 3037, 849, 281, 897, 247, 5875, 9123, 2098, 13, 3520, 2425, 13, 285, 26114, 281, 3986, 634, 2614, 8383, 8571, 1078, 285, 1309, 10438, 15, 50276, 14, 6408, 10438, 13, 253, 4389, 383, 8401, 9921, 310, 9442, 15, 5402, 1786, 1557, 2285, 588, 789, 342, 368, 281, 1056, 247, 32339, 9442, 10934, 15, 3808, 26114, 403, 417, 4999, 1309, 10438, 285, 943, 320, 6331, 1078, 368, 755, 12821, 15, 5402, 7345, 476, 2028, 368, 534, 26114, 281, 3523, 3192, 15, 50276, 14, 1422, 588, 452, 5216, 4768, 634, 10438, 281, 2451, 634, 6858, 434, 1786, 15, 50276, 14, 1422, 476, 1918, 634, 6858, 247, 5875, 1265, 407, 37689, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 281, 513, 323, 1737, 309, 878, 281, 871, 670, 5729, 48434, 323, 367, 42502, 604, 309, 12238, 34050, 3736, 14, 1310, 368, 452, 8401, 13, 253, 1682, 673, 281, 1453, 634, 2614, 8383, 13, 671, 1925, 2614, 8618, 13, 310, 1078, 368, 755, 12821, 15, 4855, 2614, 8383, 2308, 476, 320, 19632, 281, 634, 6858, 1309, 253, 806, 3618, 273, 10438, 9154, 1078, 368, 871, 368, 403, 12821, 15, 50276, 14, 46769, 634, 2614, 8383, 347, 2810, 281, 2622, 347, 1896, 1078, 285, 1309, 634, 10438, 310, 253, 954, 1774, 2181, 368, 476, 513, 281, 3297, 5875, 285, 452, 247, 5875, 6858, 15, 50276, 14, 9613, 368, 755, 12821, 13, 368, 476, 2098, 285, 10347, 323, 1907, 247, 5875, 10438, 285, 247, 5875, 6858, 15, 1310, 368, 452, 8401, 285, 403, 2168, 12821, 13, 368, 476, 1056, 2119, 368, 403, 2509, 3253, 368, 476, 281, 1379, 1557, 273, 4834, 285, 634, 8401, 1309, 634, 10438, 15, 50276, 14, 35116, 12941, 342, 2758, 273, 247, 1786, 1557, 2285, 665, 403, 10071, 275, 8401, 285, 10438, 588, 5416, 368, 755, 253, 1682, 1557, 15, 5402, 1786, 1557, 2285, 476, 1361, 368, 3037, 849, 281, 897, 247, 5875, 9123, 2098, 13, 3520, 2425, 13, 285, 26114, 281, 3986, 634, 2614, 8383, 8571, 1078, 285, 1309, 10438, 15, 50276, 14, 6408, 10438, 13, 253, 4389, 383, 8401, 9921, 310, 9442, 15, 5402, 1786, 1557, 2285, 588, 789, 342, 368, 281, 1056, 247, 32339, 9442, 10934, 15, 3808, 26114, 403, 417, 4999, 1309, 10438, 285, 943, 320, 6331, 1078, 368, 755, 12821, 15, 5402, 7345, 476, 2028, 368, 534, 26114, 281, 3523, 3192, 15, 50276, 14, 1422, 588, 452, 5216, 4768, 634, 10438, 281, 2451, 634, 6858, 434, 1786, 15, 50276, 14, 1422, 476, 1918, 634, 6858, 247, 5875, 1265, 407, 37689, 15 ]
What is (are) SADDAN ?
SADDAN (severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans) is a rare disorder of bone growth characterized by skeletal, brain, and skin abnormalities. All people with this condition have extremely short stature with particularly short arms and legs. Other features include unusual bowing of the leg bones; a small chest with short ribs and curved collar bones; short, broad fingers; and folds of extra skin on the arms and legs. Structural abnormalities of the brain cause seizures, profound developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Several affected individuals also have had episodes in which their breathing slows or stops for short periods (apnea). Acanthosis nigricans, a progressive skin disorder characterized by thick, dark, velvety skin, is another characteristic feature of SADDAN that develops in infancy or early childhood.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 322, 19873, 1539, 3736, 52, 19873, 1539, 313, 40192, 247, 348, 857, 287, 24506, 342, 16743, 5778, 285, 913, 14718, 2433, 35825, 695, 507, 10, 310, 247, 7520, 8984, 273, 5961, 3116, 7943, 407, 20847, 13, 3998, 13, 285, 4808, 19147, 15, 50276, 3074, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 6685, 2159, 45540, 342, 3782, 2159, 6174, 285, 9246, 15, 5131, 3386, 2486, 11555, 6026, 272, 273, 253, 1791, 14910, 28, 247, 1355, 9081, 342, 2159, 28061, 285, 22627, 23966, 14910, 28, 2159, 13, 3862, 9881, 28, 285, 34579, 273, 4465, 4808, 327, 253, 6174, 285, 9246, 15, 46553, 19147, 273, 253, 3998, 2847, 26347, 13, 15585, 16743, 5778, 13, 285, 12720, 12564, 15, 12090, 5876, 4292, 671, 452, 574, 13305, 275, 534, 616, 14578, 49133, 390, 14545, 323, 2159, 9894, 313, 522, 21254, 481, 5192, 14718, 2433, 35825, 695, 507, 13, 247, 13439, 4808, 8984, 7943, 407, 5026, 13, 3644, 13, 5828, 87, 1734, 4808, 13, 310, 1529, 8847, 4735, 273, 322, 19873, 1539, 326, 24357, 275, 42986, 390, 2393, 11948, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 322, 19873, 1539, 3736, 52, 19873, 1539, 313, 40192, 247, 348, 857, 287, 24506, 342, 16743, 5778, 285, 913, 14718, 2433, 35825, 695, 507, 10, 310, 247, 7520, 8984, 273, 5961, 3116, 7943, 407, 20847, 13, 3998, 13, 285, 4808, 19147, 15, 50276, 3074, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 6685, 2159, 45540, 342, 3782, 2159, 6174, 285, 9246, 15, 5131, 3386, 2486, 11555, 6026, 272, 273, 253, 1791, 14910, 28, 247, 1355, 9081, 342, 2159, 28061, 285, 22627, 23966, 14910, 28, 2159, 13, 3862, 9881, 28, 285, 34579, 273, 4465, 4808, 327, 253, 6174, 285, 9246, 15, 46553, 19147, 273, 253, 3998, 2847, 26347, 13, 15585, 16743, 5778, 13, 285, 12720, 12564, 15, 12090, 5876, 4292, 671, 452, 574, 13305, 275, 534, 616, 14578, 49133, 390, 14545, 323, 2159, 9894, 313, 522, 21254, 481, 5192, 14718, 2433, 35825, 695, 507, 13, 247, 13439, 4808, 8984, 7943, 407, 5026, 13, 3644, 13, 5828, 87, 1734, 4808, 13, 310, 1529, 8847, 4735, 273, 322, 19873, 1539, 326, 24357, 275, 42986, 390, 2393, 11948, 15 ]
How to diagnose Pleurisy and Other Pleural Disorders ?
Your doctor will diagnose pleurisy or another pleural disorder based on your medical history, a physical exam, and test results. Your doctor will want to rule out other causes of your symptoms. He or she also will want to find the underlying cause of the pleurisy or other pleural disorder so it can be treated. Medical History Your doctor may ask detailed questions about your medical history. He or she likely will ask you to describe any pain, especially: What it feels like Where it's located and whether you can feel it in your arms, jaw, or shoulders When it started and whether it goes away and then comes back What makes it better or worse Your doctor also may ask whether you have other symptoms, such as shortness of breath, coughing, or palpitations. Palpitations are feelings that your heart is skipping a beat, fluttering, or beating too hard or fast. Your doctor also may ask whether you've ever: Had heart disease. Smoked. Traveled to places where you may have been exposed to tuberculosis. Had a job that exposed you to asbestos. Asbestos is a mineral that, at one time, was widely used in many industries. Your doctor also may ask about medicines you take or have taken. Reactions to some medicines can cause pleurisy or other pleural disorders. Physical Exam Your doctor will listen to your breathing with a stethoscope to find out whether your lungs are making any abnormal sounds. If you have pleurisy, the inflamed layers of the pleura make a rough, scratchy sound as they rub against each other when you breathe. Doctors call this a pleural friction rub. If your doctor hears the friction rub, he or she will know that you have pleurisy. If you have a pleural effusion, fluid buildup in the pleural space will prevent a friction rub. But if you have a lot of fluid, your doctor may hear a dull sound when he or she taps on your chest. Or, he or she may have trouble hearing any breathing sounds. Muffled or dull breathing sounds also can be a sign of a pneumothorax (a buildup of air or gas in the pleural space). Diagnostic Tests Depending on the results of your physical exam, your doctor may recommend tests. Chest X Ray Achest x rayis a painless test that creates a picture of the structures in your chest, such as your heart, lungs, and blood vessels. This test may show air or fluid in the pleural space. A chest x ray also may show what's causing a pleural disorderfor example, pneumonia, a fractured rib, or a lung tumor. Sometimes a chest x ray is taken while you lie on your side. This position can show fluid that didn't appear on an x ray taken while you were standing. Chest CT Scan A chest computed tomography (to-MOG-rah-fee) scan, orchest CT scan,is a painless test that creates precise pictures of the structures in your chest. This test provides a computer-generated picture of your lungs that can show pockets of fluid. A chest CT scan also may show signs of pneumonia, a lung abscess, a tumor, or other possible causes of pleural disorders. Ultrasound This test uses sound waves to create pictures of your lungs. An ultrasound may show where fluid is located in your chest. The test also can show some tumors. Chest MRI A chest magnetic resonance imaging scan, orchest MRI,uses radio waves, magnets, and a computer to created detailed pictures of the structures in your chest. This test can show pleural effusions and tumors. This test also is called a magnetic resonance (MR) scan or a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scan. Blood Tests Blood testscan show whether you have an illness that increases your risk of pleurisy or another pleural disorder. Such illnesses include bacterial or viral infections, pneumonia, pancreatitis (an inflamed pancreas), kidney disease, or lupus. Arterial Blood Gas Test For this test, a blood sample is taken from an artery, usually in your wrist. The blood's oxygen and carbon dioxide levels are checked. This test shows how well your lungs are taking in oxygen. Thoracentesis Once your doctor knows whether fluid has built up in the pleural space and where it is, he or she can remove a sample for testing. This is done using a procedure calledthoracentesis(THOR-ah-sen-TE-sis). During the procedure, your doctor inserts a thin needle or plastic tube into the pleural space and draws out the excess fluid. After the fluid is removed from your chest, it's sent for testing. The risks of thoracentesissuch as pain, bleeding, and infectionusually are minor. They get better on their own, or they're easily treated. Your doctor may do a chest x ray after the procedure to check for complications. Fluid Analysis The fluid removed during thoracentesis is examined under a microscope. It's checked for signs of infection, cancer, or other conditions that can cause fluid or blood to build up in the pleural space. Biopsy Your doctor may suspect that tuberculosis or cancer has caused fluid to build up in your pleural space. If so, he or she may want to look at a small piece of the pleura under a microscope. To take a tissue sample, your doctor may do one of the following procedures: Insert a needle into your chest to remove a small sample of the pleura's outer layer. Insert a tube with a light on the end (endoscope) into tiny cuts in your chest wall so that he or she can see the pleura. Your doctor can then snip out small pieces of tissue. This procedure must be done in a hospital. You'll be given medicine to make you sleep during the procedure. Snip out a sample of the pleura through a small cut in your chest wall. This is called an open pleural biopsy. It's usually done if the sample from the needle biopsy is too small for an accurate diagnosis. This procedure must be done in a hospital. You'll be given medicine to make you sleep during the procedure.
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 21231, 321, 17976, 285, 5131, 21231, 1546, 49566, 3736, 7093, 7345, 588, 33901, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 1529, 46388, 8984, 1754, 327, 634, 3739, 2892, 13, 247, 3520, 1174, 13, 285, 1071, 1543, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 588, 971, 281, 4086, 562, 643, 5997, 273, 634, 5917, 15, 754, 390, 703, 671, 588, 971, 281, 1089, 253, 6944, 2847, 273, 253, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 643, 46388, 8984, 594, 352, 476, 320, 4127, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 41225, 9541, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 778, 1642, 7000, 3533, 670, 634, 3739, 2892, 15, 754, 390, 703, 2779, 588, 1642, 368, 281, 6266, 667, 3075, 13, 3340, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 352, 9193, 751, 187, 50262, 187, 7161, 352, 434, 4441, 285, 1880, 368, 476, 1928, 352, 275, 634, 6174, 13, 21065, 13, 390, 13574, 187, 50262, 187, 3039, 352, 3053, 285, 1880, 352, 4566, 1977, 285, 840, 3249, 896, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 2789, 352, 1805, 390, 7197, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 671, 778, 1642, 1880, 368, 452, 643, 5917, 13, 824, 347, 2159, 1255, 273, 6345, 13, 22626, 272, 13, 390, 5796, 18086, 569, 15, 5226, 18086, 569, 403, 10450, 326, 634, 2798, 310, 42654, 247, 7171, 13, 892, 33066, 13, 390, 18019, 1512, 1892, 390, 3809, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 671, 778, 1642, 1880, 368, 1849, 2455, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 29887, 2798, 2728, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 8944, 8163, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 42576, 264, 281, 5053, 835, 368, 778, 452, 644, 7329, 281, 23669, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 29887, 247, 2628, 326, 7329, 368, 281, 43237, 15, 1284, 38784, 310, 247, 17160, 326, 13, 387, 581, 673, 13, 369, 7561, 908, 275, 1142, 17057, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 671, 778, 1642, 670, 26114, 368, 1379, 390, 452, 2668, 15, 1720, 3518, 281, 690, 26114, 476, 2847, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 643, 46388, 9360, 15, 2490, 50262, 187, 35227, 1889, 312, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 588, 8028, 281, 634, 14578, 342, 247, 331, 678, 31269, 281, 1089, 562, 1880, 634, 18926, 403, 2403, 667, 10969, 7835, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 452, 2318, 321, 17976, 13, 253, 2157, 3163, 8090, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 1056, 247, 7227, 13, 20041, 90, 3590, 347, 597, 7692, 1411, 1016, 643, 672, 368, 23233, 15, 48270, 1067, 436, 247, 46388, 20636, 7692, 15, 1310, 634, 7345, 23238, 253, 20636, 7692, 13, 344, 390, 703, 588, 871, 326, 368, 452, 2318, 321, 17976, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 452, 247, 46388, 3098, 2035, 13, 6514, 1973, 484, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 588, 3657, 247, 20636, 7692, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 452, 247, 2257, 273, 6514, 13, 634, 7345, 778, 4089, 247, 22544, 3590, 672, 344, 390, 703, 50156, 327, 634, 9081, 15, 2207, 13, 344, 390, 703, 778, 452, 7596, 4854, 667, 14578, 7835, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 46, 31377, 390, 22544, 14578, 7835, 671, 476, 320, 247, 861, 273, 247, 12990, 837, 263, 991, 313, 66, 1973, 484, 273, 2329, 390, 3678, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 481, 187, 50262, 187, 33958, 6932, 32503, 187, 50262, 187, 10851, 1946, 327, 253, 1543, 273, 634, 3520, 1174, 13, 634, 7345, 778, 5583, 5216, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 3957, 1594, 10734, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 1962, 296, 1269, 21868, 261, 247, 3075, 1417, 1071, 326, 10513, 247, 5406, 273, 253, 5289, 275, 634, 9081, 13, 824, 347, 634, 2798, 13, 18926, 13, 285, 2614, 12671, 15, 831, 1071, 778, 921, 2329, 390, 6514, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9081, 1269, 21868, 671, 778, 921, 752, 434, 8479, 247, 46388, 8984, 1542, 1650, 13, 18277, 13, 247, 47779, 9412, 13, 390, 247, 6400, 4502, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 20806, 247, 9081, 1269, 21868, 310, 2668, 1223, 368, 7027, 327, 634, 1930, 15, 831, 1899, 476, 921, 6514, 326, 1904, 626, 3176, 327, 271, 1269, 21868, 2668, 1223, 368, 497, 6306, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 3957, 7403, 44019, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9081, 10302, 20213, 313, 936, 14, 6329, 40, 14, 22876, 14, 6851, 10, 11017, 13, 21170, 296, 7403, 11017, 13, 261, 247, 3075, 1417, 1071, 326, 10513, 10799, 7968, 273, 253, 5289, 275, 634, 9081, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 1071, 3400, 247, 4382, 14, 20419, 5406, 273, 634, 18926, 326, 476, 921, 21371, 273, 6514, 15, 329, 9081, 7403, 11017, 671, 778, 921, 7871, 273, 18277, 13, 247, 6400, 40183, 13, 247, 4502, 13, 390, 643, 1896, 5997, 273, 46388, 9360, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 40026, 33035, 517, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 1071, 4648, 3590, 10212, 281, 2794, 7968, 273, 634, 18926, 15, 743, 18533, 778, 921, 835, 6514, 310, 4441, 275, 634, 9081, 15, 380, 1071, 671, 476, 921, 690, 8837, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 3957, 14478, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9081, 5212, 12549, 6979, 11017, 13, 21170, 296, 14478, 13, 5123, 5553, 10212, 13, 43733, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 3562, 7000, 7968, 273, 253, 5289, 275, 634, 9081, 15, 831, 1071, 476, 921, 46388, 3098, 16723, 285, 8837, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 1071, 671, 310, 1925, 247, 5212, 12549, 313, 6784, 10, 11017, 390, 247, 6069, 5212, 12549, 313, 39209, 10, 11017, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 30456, 32503, 187, 50262, 187, 30456, 1071, 22798, 921, 1880, 368, 452, 271, 9749, 326, 5459, 634, 2495, 273, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 1529, 46388, 8984, 15, 6102, 31372, 2486, 10741, 390, 9907, 10332, 13, 18277, 13, 15947, 5895, 313, 266, 2157, 3163, 35142, 582, 12333, 2728, 13, 390, 43552, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2906, 350, 451, 14169, 18644, 6004, 187, 50262, 187, 2214, 436, 1071, 13, 247, 2614, 3410, 310, 2668, 432, 271, 12235, 13, 3798, 275, 634, 20051, 15, 380, 2614, 434, 7768, 285, 6315, 21295, 2308, 403, 10141, 15, 831, 1071, 2722, 849, 973, 634, 18926, 403, 3192, 275, 7768, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1044, 263, 7837, 6090, 187, 50262, 187, 10758, 634, 7345, 6057, 1880, 6514, 556, 4270, 598, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 285, 835, 352, 310, 13, 344, 390, 703, 476, 5386, 247, 3410, 323, 5175, 15, 831, 310, 2218, 970, 247, 5199, 1925, 42771, 7837, 6090, 9, 3886, 1372, 14, 1240, 14, 8243, 14, 5428, 14, 5114, 481, 187, 50262, 187, 10457, 253, 5199, 13, 634, 7345, 37034, 247, 6906, 15460, 390, 8013, 9402, 715, 253, 46388, 2317, 285, 21354, 562, 253, 6714, 6514, 15, 2732, 253, 6514, 310, 5176, 432, 634, 9081, 13, 352, 434, 2197, 323, 5175, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 510, 10502, 273, 9062, 7837, 265, 739, 976, 347, 3075, 13, 14771, 13, 285, 5066, 27978, 403, 5884, 15, 1583, 755, 1805, 327, 616, 1211, 13, 390, 597, 1472, 4354, 4127, 15, 5402, 7345, 778, 513, 247, 9081, 1269, 21868, 846, 253, 5199, 281, 2451, 323, 10552, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 6623, 11455, 10330, 187, 50262, 187, 510, 6514, 5176, 1309, 9062, 7837, 6090, 310, 6730, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 733, 434, 10141, 323, 7871, 273, 5066, 13, 2923, 13, 390, 643, 2515, 326, 476, 2847, 6514, 390, 2614, 281, 1973, 598, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 16621, 14143, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 778, 9101, 326, 23669, 390, 2923, 556, 4269, 6514, 281, 1973, 598, 275, 634, 46388, 2317, 15, 1310, 594, 13, 344, 390, 703, 778, 971, 281, 1007, 387, 247, 1355, 5313, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1992, 1379, 247, 4408, 3410, 13, 634, 7345, 778, 513, 581, 273, 253, 1563, 7259, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 26698, 247, 15460, 715, 634, 9081, 281, 5386, 247, 1355, 3410, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 434, 8346, 3828, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 26698, 247, 9402, 342, 247, 1708, 327, 253, 990, 313, 423, 31269, 10, 715, 10058, 12176, 275, 634, 9081, 3402, 594, 326, 344, 390, 703, 476, 923, 253, 2318, 5650, 15, 5402, 7345, 476, 840, 3802, 532, 562, 1355, 7437, 273, 4408, 15, 831, 5199, 1364, 320, 2218, 275, 247, 4675, 15, 1422, 1833, 320, 1677, 9921, 281, 1056, 368, 4600, 1309, 253, 5199, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 16350, 532, 562, 247, 3410, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 949, 247, 1355, 2624, 275, 634, 9081, 3402, 15, 831, 310, 1925, 271, 1527, 46388, 18323, 15, 733, 434, 3798, 2218, 604, 253, 3410, 432, 253, 15460, 18323, 310, 1512, 1355, 323, 271, 7899, 6120, 15, 831, 5199, 1364, 320, 2218, 275, 247, 4675, 15, 1422, 1833, 320, 1677, 9921, 281, 1056, 368, 4600, 1309, 253, 5199, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 21231, 321, 17976, 285, 5131, 21231, 1546, 49566, 3736, 7093, 7345, 588, 33901, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 1529, 46388, 8984, 1754, 327, 634, 3739, 2892, 13, 247, 3520, 1174, 13, 285, 1071, 1543, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 588, 971, 281, 4086, 562, 643, 5997, 273, 634, 5917, 15, 754, 390, 703, 671, 588, 971, 281, 1089, 253, 6944, 2847, 273, 253, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 643, 46388, 8984, 594, 352, 476, 320, 4127, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 41225, 9541, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 778, 1642, 7000, 3533, 670, 634, 3739, 2892, 15, 754, 390, 703, 2779, 588, 1642, 368, 281, 6266, 667, 3075, 13, 3340, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 352, 9193, 751, 187, 50262, 187, 7161, 352, 434, 4441, 285, 1880, 368, 476, 1928, 352, 275, 634, 6174, 13, 21065, 13, 390, 13574, 187, 50262, 187, 3039, 352, 3053, 285, 1880, 352, 4566, 1977, 285, 840, 3249, 896, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 2789, 352, 1805, 390, 7197, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 671, 778, 1642, 1880, 368, 452, 643, 5917, 13, 824, 347, 2159, 1255, 273, 6345, 13, 22626, 272, 13, 390, 5796, 18086, 569, 15, 5226, 18086, 569, 403, 10450, 326, 634, 2798, 310, 42654, 247, 7171, 13, 892, 33066, 13, 390, 18019, 1512, 1892, 390, 3809, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 671, 778, 1642, 1880, 368, 1849, 2455, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 29887, 2798, 2728, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 8944, 8163, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 42576, 264, 281, 5053, 835, 368, 778, 452, 644, 7329, 281, 23669, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 29887, 247, 2628, 326, 7329, 368, 281, 43237, 15, 1284, 38784, 310, 247, 17160, 326, 13, 387, 581, 673, 13, 369, 7561, 908, 275, 1142, 17057, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 671, 778, 1642, 670, 26114, 368, 1379, 390, 452, 2668, 15, 1720, 3518, 281, 690, 26114, 476, 2847, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 643, 46388, 9360, 15, 2490, 50262, 187, 35227, 1889, 312, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 588, 8028, 281, 634, 14578, 342, 247, 331, 678, 31269, 281, 1089, 562, 1880, 634, 18926, 403, 2403, 667, 10969, 7835, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 452, 2318, 321, 17976, 13, 253, 2157, 3163, 8090, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 1056, 247, 7227, 13, 20041, 90, 3590, 347, 597, 7692, 1411, 1016, 643, 672, 368, 23233, 15, 48270, 1067, 436, 247, 46388, 20636, 7692, 15, 1310, 634, 7345, 23238, 253, 20636, 7692, 13, 344, 390, 703, 588, 871, 326, 368, 452, 2318, 321, 17976, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 452, 247, 46388, 3098, 2035, 13, 6514, 1973, 484, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 588, 3657, 247, 20636, 7692, 15, 1292, 604, 368, 452, 247, 2257, 273, 6514, 13, 634, 7345, 778, 4089, 247, 22544, 3590, 672, 344, 390, 703, 50156, 327, 634, 9081, 15, 2207, 13, 344, 390, 703, 778, 452, 7596, 4854, 667, 14578, 7835, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 46, 31377, 390, 22544, 14578, 7835, 671, 476, 320, 247, 861, 273, 247, 12990, 837, 263, 991, 313, 66, 1973, 484, 273, 2329, 390, 3678, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 481, 187, 50262, 187, 33958, 6932, 32503, 187, 50262, 187, 10851, 1946, 327, 253, 1543, 273, 634, 3520, 1174, 13, 634, 7345, 778, 5583, 5216, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 3957, 1594, 10734, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 1962, 296, 1269, 21868, 261, 247, 3075, 1417, 1071, 326, 10513, 247, 5406, 273, 253, 5289, 275, 634, 9081, 13, 824, 347, 634, 2798, 13, 18926, 13, 285, 2614, 12671, 15, 831, 1071, 778, 921, 2329, 390, 6514, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9081, 1269, 21868, 671, 778, 921, 752, 434, 8479, 247, 46388, 8984, 1542, 1650, 13, 18277, 13, 247, 47779, 9412, 13, 390, 247, 6400, 4502, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 20806, 247, 9081, 1269, 21868, 310, 2668, 1223, 368, 7027, 327, 634, 1930, 15, 831, 1899, 476, 921, 6514, 326, 1904, 626, 3176, 327, 271, 1269, 21868, 2668, 1223, 368, 497, 6306, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 3957, 7403, 44019, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9081, 10302, 20213, 313, 936, 14, 6329, 40, 14, 22876, 14, 6851, 10, 11017, 13, 21170, 296, 7403, 11017, 13, 261, 247, 3075, 1417, 1071, 326, 10513, 10799, 7968, 273, 253, 5289, 275, 634, 9081, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 1071, 3400, 247, 4382, 14, 20419, 5406, 273, 634, 18926, 326, 476, 921, 21371, 273, 6514, 15, 329, 9081, 7403, 11017, 671, 778, 921, 7871, 273, 18277, 13, 247, 6400, 40183, 13, 247, 4502, 13, 390, 643, 1896, 5997, 273, 46388, 9360, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 40026, 33035, 517, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 1071, 4648, 3590, 10212, 281, 2794, 7968, 273, 634, 18926, 15, 743, 18533, 778, 921, 835, 6514, 310, 4441, 275, 634, 9081, 15, 380, 1071, 671, 476, 921, 690, 8837, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 36, 3957, 14478, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9081, 5212, 12549, 6979, 11017, 13, 21170, 296, 14478, 13, 5123, 5553, 10212, 13, 43733, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 3562, 7000, 7968, 273, 253, 5289, 275, 634, 9081, 15, 831, 1071, 476, 921, 46388, 3098, 16723, 285, 8837, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 1071, 671, 310, 1925, 247, 5212, 12549, 313, 6784, 10, 11017, 390, 247, 6069, 5212, 12549, 313, 39209, 10, 11017, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 30456, 32503, 187, 50262, 187, 30456, 1071, 22798, 921, 1880, 368, 452, 271, 9749, 326, 5459, 634, 2495, 273, 2318, 321, 17976, 390, 1529, 46388, 8984, 15, 6102, 31372, 2486, 10741, 390, 9907, 10332, 13, 18277, 13, 15947, 5895, 313, 266, 2157, 3163, 35142, 582, 12333, 2728, 13, 390, 43552, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2906, 350, 451, 14169, 18644, 6004, 187, 50262, 187, 2214, 436, 1071, 13, 247, 2614, 3410, 310, 2668, 432, 271, 12235, 13, 3798, 275, 634, 20051, 15, 380, 2614, 434, 7768, 285, 6315, 21295, 2308, 403, 10141, 15, 831, 1071, 2722, 849, 973, 634, 18926, 403, 3192, 275, 7768, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1044, 263, 7837, 6090, 187, 50262, 187, 10758, 634, 7345, 6057, 1880, 6514, 556, 4270, 598, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 285, 835, 352, 310, 13, 344, 390, 703, 476, 5386, 247, 3410, 323, 5175, 15, 831, 310, 2218, 970, 247, 5199, 1925, 42771, 7837, 6090, 9, 3886, 1372, 14, 1240, 14, 8243, 14, 5428, 14, 5114, 481, 187, 50262, 187, 10457, 253, 5199, 13, 634, 7345, 37034, 247, 6906, 15460, 390, 8013, 9402, 715, 253, 46388, 2317, 285, 21354, 562, 253, 6714, 6514, 15, 2732, 253, 6514, 310, 5176, 432, 634, 9081, 13, 352, 434, 2197, 323, 5175, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 510, 10502, 273, 9062, 7837, 265, 739, 976, 347, 3075, 13, 14771, 13, 285, 5066, 27978, 403, 5884, 15, 1583, 755, 1805, 327, 616, 1211, 13, 390, 597, 1472, 4354, 4127, 15, 5402, 7345, 778, 513, 247, 9081, 1269, 21868, 846, 253, 5199, 281, 2451, 323, 10552, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 6623, 11455, 10330, 187, 50262, 187, 510, 6514, 5176, 1309, 9062, 7837, 6090, 310, 6730, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 733, 434, 10141, 323, 7871, 273, 5066, 13, 2923, 13, 390, 643, 2515, 326, 476, 2847, 6514, 390, 2614, 281, 1973, 598, 275, 253, 46388, 2317, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 16621, 14143, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 778, 9101, 326, 23669, 390, 2923, 556, 4269, 6514, 281, 1973, 598, 275, 634, 46388, 2317, 15, 1310, 594, 13, 344, 390, 703, 778, 971, 281, 1007, 387, 247, 1355, 5313, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1992, 1379, 247, 4408, 3410, 13, 634, 7345, 778, 513, 581, 273, 253, 1563, 7259, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 26698, 247, 15460, 715, 634, 9081, 281, 5386, 247, 1355, 3410, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 434, 8346, 3828, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 26698, 247, 9402, 342, 247, 1708, 327, 253, 990, 313, 423, 31269, 10, 715, 10058, 12176, 275, 634, 9081, 3402, 594, 326, 344, 390, 703, 476, 923, 253, 2318, 5650, 15, 5402, 7345, 476, 840, 3802, 532, 562, 1355, 7437, 273, 4408, 15, 831, 5199, 1364, 320, 2218, 275, 247, 4675, 15, 1422, 1833, 320, 1677, 9921, 281, 1056, 368, 4600, 1309, 253, 5199, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 16350, 532, 562, 247, 3410, 273, 253, 2318, 5650, 949, 247, 1355, 2624, 275, 634, 9081, 3402, 15, 831, 310, 1925, 271, 1527, 46388, 18323, 15, 733, 434, 3798, 2218, 604, 253, 3410, 432, 253, 15460, 18323, 310, 1512, 1355, 323, 271, 7899, 6120, 15, 831, 5199, 1364, 320, 2218, 275, 247, 4675, 15, 1422, 1833, 320, 1677, 9921, 281, 1056, 368, 4600, 1309, 253, 5199, 15 ]
Is glutamate formiminotransferase deficiency inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
[ 2513, 29204, 830, 303, 249, 47640, 14384, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 29204, 830, 303, 249, 47640, 14384, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
How to diagnose Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors ?
Tests that examine the brain and spinal cord are used to detect (find) childhood CNS embryonal tumors or pineoblastomas. The following tests and procedures may be used: - Physical exam and history : An exam of the body to check general signs of health, including checking for signs of disease, such as lumps or anything else that seems unusual. A history of the patients health habits and past illnesses and treatments will also be taken. - Neurological exam : A series of questions and tests to check the brain, spinal cord, and nerve function. The exam checks a patient's mental status, coordination, and ability to walk normally, and how well the muscles, senses, and reflexes work. This may also be called a neuro exam or a neurologic exam. - MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) of the brain and spinal cord with gadolinium : A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the brain and spinal cord. A substance called gadolinium is injected into a vein. The gadolinium collects around the cancer cells so they show up brighter in the picture. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). Sometimes magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is done during the MRI scan to look at the chemicals in brain tissue. - Lumbar puncture : A procedure used to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the spinal column. This is done by placing a needle between two bones in the spine and into the CSF around the spinal cord and removing a sample of the fluid. The sample of CSF is checked under a microscope for signs of tumor cells. The sample may also be checked for the amounts of protein and glucose. A higher than normal amount of protein or lower than normal amount of glucose may be a sign of a tumor. This procedure is also called an LP or spinal tap. A biopsy may be done to be sure of the diagnosis of CNS embryonal tumor or pineoblastoma. If doctors think your child may have a CNS embryonal tumor or pineoblastoma, a biopsy may be done. For brain tumors, the biopsy is done by removing part of the skull and using a needle to remove a sample of tissue. Sometimes, a computer-guided needle is used to remove the tissue sample. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to look for cancer cells. If cancer cells are found, the doctor may remove as much tumor as safely possible during the same surgery. The piece of skull is usually put back in place after the procedure. The following test may be done on the sample of tissue that is removed: - Immunohistochemistry : A test that uses antibodies to check for certain antigens in a sample of tissue. The antibody is usually linked to a radioactive substance or a dye that causes the tissue to light up under a microscope. This type of test may be used to tell the difference between different types of brain tumors.
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 8347, 3639, 8170, 427, 677, 528, 4155, 19096, 610, 2814, 35814, 641, 3736, 26943, 326, 9186, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 403, 908, 281, 2736, 313, 8606, 10, 11948, 27102, 10150, 2814, 8837, 390, 21175, 16827, 4921, 15, 380, 1563, 5216, 285, 7259, 778, 320, 908, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 35227, 1174, 285, 2892, 1163, 743, 1174, 273, 253, 2133, 281, 2451, 2087, 7871, 273, 1786, 13, 1690, 12669, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 13, 824, 347, 298, 10628, 390, 2712, 2010, 326, 3133, 11555, 15, 329, 2892, 273, 253, 1363, 1786, 16964, 285, 2469, 31372, 285, 9694, 588, 671, 320, 2668, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 6560, 86, 36083, 1174, 1163, 329, 2962, 273, 3533, 285, 5216, 281, 2451, 253, 3998, 13, 14472, 12045, 13, 285, 11083, 1159, 15, 380, 1174, 12255, 247, 3110, 434, 6255, 3708, 13, 19915, 13, 285, 3745, 281, 2940, 9403, 13, 285, 849, 973, 253, 13370, 13, 21768, 13, 285, 22375, 265, 789, 15, 831, 778, 671, 320, 1925, 247, 6551, 1174, 390, 247, 15674, 280, 1174, 15, 50273, 14, 50276, 22410, 313, 41947, 12549, 6979, 10, 273, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 342, 27835, 15141, 1514, 1163, 329, 5199, 326, 4648, 247, 10973, 13, 5553, 10212, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 15, 329, 10359, 1925, 27835, 15141, 1514, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 380, 27835, 15141, 1514, 41084, 1475, 253, 2923, 1341, 594, 597, 921, 598, 32950, 275, 253, 5406, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 6069, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 18971, 4873, 481, 13168, 5212, 12549, 19638, 313, 46, 6453, 10, 310, 2218, 1309, 253, 14478, 11017, 281, 1007, 387, 253, 17110, 275, 3998, 4408, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 45, 360, 2009, 45140, 1163, 329, 5199, 908, 281, 4822, 34879, 45895, 6514, 313, 25827, 10, 432, 253, 14472, 5084, 15, 831, 310, 2218, 407, 15606, 247, 15460, 875, 767, 14910, 275, 253, 17201, 285, 715, 253, 25601, 1475, 253, 14472, 12045, 285, 11922, 247, 3410, 273, 253, 6514, 15, 380, 3410, 273, 25601, 310, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 4502, 1341, 15, 380, 3410, 778, 671, 320, 10141, 323, 253, 8322, 273, 2601, 285, 8383, 15, 329, 2169, 685, 2622, 2408, 273, 2601, 390, 2406, 685, 2622, 2408, 273, 8383, 778, 320, 247, 861, 273, 247, 4502, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 271, 20590, 390, 14472, 13341, 15, 187, 50258, 34, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 281, 320, 2119, 273, 253, 6120, 273, 27102, 10150, 2814, 4502, 390, 21175, 36867, 15, 1310, 11576, 1158, 634, 1429, 778, 452, 247, 27102, 10150, 2814, 4502, 390, 21175, 36867, 13, 247, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 15, 1198, 3998, 8837, 13, 253, 18323, 310, 2218, 407, 11922, 629, 273, 253, 19567, 285, 970, 247, 15460, 281, 5386, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 15, 13168, 13, 247, 4382, 14, 26960, 15460, 310, 908, 281, 5386, 253, 4408, 3410, 15, 329, 1854, 10364, 6849, 253, 4408, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 1007, 323, 2923, 1341, 15, 1310, 2923, 1341, 403, 1119, 13, 253, 7345, 778, 5386, 347, 1199, 4502, 347, 15792, 1896, 1309, 253, 1072, 5869, 15, 380, 5313, 273, 19567, 310, 3798, 1691, 896, 275, 1659, 846, 253, 5199, 15, 50274, 510, 1563, 1071, 778, 320, 2218, 327, 253, 3410, 273, 4408, 326, 310, 5176, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 30458, 17384, 18334, 1163, 329, 1071, 326, 4648, 8740, 281, 2451, 323, 2176, 22240, 275, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 15, 380, 8092, 310, 3798, 7939, 281, 247, 33419, 10359, 390, 247, 18722, 326, 5997, 253, 4408, 281, 1708, 598, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 1071, 778, 320, 908, 281, 2028, 253, 3064, 875, 1027, 3510, 273, 3998, 8837, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 8347, 3639, 8170, 427, 677, 528, 4155, 19096, 610, 2814, 35814, 641, 3736, 26943, 326, 9186, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 403, 908, 281, 2736, 313, 8606, 10, 11948, 27102, 10150, 2814, 8837, 390, 21175, 16827, 4921, 15, 380, 1563, 5216, 285, 7259, 778, 320, 908, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 35227, 1174, 285, 2892, 1163, 743, 1174, 273, 253, 2133, 281, 2451, 2087, 7871, 273, 1786, 13, 1690, 12669, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 13, 824, 347, 298, 10628, 390, 2712, 2010, 326, 3133, 11555, 15, 329, 2892, 273, 253, 1363, 1786, 16964, 285, 2469, 31372, 285, 9694, 588, 671, 320, 2668, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 6560, 86, 36083, 1174, 1163, 329, 2962, 273, 3533, 285, 5216, 281, 2451, 253, 3998, 13, 14472, 12045, 13, 285, 11083, 1159, 15, 380, 1174, 12255, 247, 3110, 434, 6255, 3708, 13, 19915, 13, 285, 3745, 281, 2940, 9403, 13, 285, 849, 973, 253, 13370, 13, 21768, 13, 285, 22375, 265, 789, 15, 831, 778, 671, 320, 1925, 247, 6551, 1174, 390, 247, 15674, 280, 1174, 15, 50273, 14, 50276, 22410, 313, 41947, 12549, 6979, 10, 273, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 342, 27835, 15141, 1514, 1163, 329, 5199, 326, 4648, 247, 10973, 13, 5553, 10212, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 3998, 285, 14472, 12045, 15, 329, 10359, 1925, 27835, 15141, 1514, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 380, 27835, 15141, 1514, 41084, 1475, 253, 2923, 1341, 594, 597, 921, 598, 32950, 275, 253, 5406, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 6069, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 18971, 4873, 481, 13168, 5212, 12549, 19638, 313, 46, 6453, 10, 310, 2218, 1309, 253, 14478, 11017, 281, 1007, 387, 253, 17110, 275, 3998, 4408, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 45, 360, 2009, 45140, 1163, 329, 5199, 908, 281, 4822, 34879, 45895, 6514, 313, 25827, 10, 432, 253, 14472, 5084, 15, 831, 310, 2218, 407, 15606, 247, 15460, 875, 767, 14910, 275, 253, 17201, 285, 715, 253, 25601, 1475, 253, 14472, 12045, 285, 11922, 247, 3410, 273, 253, 6514, 15, 380, 3410, 273, 25601, 310, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 4502, 1341, 15, 380, 3410, 778, 671, 320, 10141, 323, 253, 8322, 273, 2601, 285, 8383, 15, 329, 2169, 685, 2622, 2408, 273, 2601, 390, 2406, 685, 2622, 2408, 273, 8383, 778, 320, 247, 861, 273, 247, 4502, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 271, 20590, 390, 14472, 13341, 15, 187, 50258, 34, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 281, 320, 2119, 273, 253, 6120, 273, 27102, 10150, 2814, 4502, 390, 21175, 36867, 15, 1310, 11576, 1158, 634, 1429, 778, 452, 247, 27102, 10150, 2814, 4502, 390, 21175, 36867, 13, 247, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 15, 1198, 3998, 8837, 13, 253, 18323, 310, 2218, 407, 11922, 629, 273, 253, 19567, 285, 970, 247, 15460, 281, 5386, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 15, 13168, 13, 247, 4382, 14, 26960, 15460, 310, 908, 281, 5386, 253, 4408, 3410, 15, 329, 1854, 10364, 6849, 253, 4408, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 1007, 323, 2923, 1341, 15, 1310, 2923, 1341, 403, 1119, 13, 253, 7345, 778, 5386, 347, 1199, 4502, 347, 15792, 1896, 1309, 253, 1072, 5869, 15, 380, 5313, 273, 19567, 310, 3798, 1691, 896, 275, 1659, 846, 253, 5199, 15, 50274, 510, 1563, 1071, 778, 320, 2218, 327, 253, 3410, 273, 4408, 326, 310, 5176, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 30458, 17384, 18334, 1163, 329, 1071, 326, 4648, 8740, 281, 2451, 323, 2176, 22240, 275, 247, 3410, 273, 4408, 15, 380, 8092, 310, 3798, 7939, 281, 247, 33419, 10359, 390, 247, 18722, 326, 5997, 253, 4408, 281, 1708, 598, 762, 247, 17199, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 1071, 778, 320, 908, 281, 2028, 253, 3064, 875, 1027, 3510, 273, 3998, 8837, 15 ]
What causes Quitting Smoking for Older Adults ?
Yes. Smoking is the leading cause of cancer in the United States, and it increases the risk of many types of cancer, including - lung cancer - throat cancer - mouth cancer - nasal cavity cancer (cancer in the airways of the nose) - esophageal cancer (cancer of the esophagus) - stomach cancer - pancreatic cancer (cancer of the pancreas) - kidney cancer - bladder cancer - cervical cancer (cancer of the cervix) - acute myeloid leukemia (blood cancer). lung cancer throat cancer mouth cancer nasal cavity cancer (cancer in the airways of the nose) esophageal cancer (cancer of the esophagus) stomach cancer pancreatic cancer (cancer of the pancreas) kidney cancer bladder cancer cervical cancer (cancer of the cervix) acute myeloid leukemia (blood cancer). If you smoke, you are up to 10 times more likely to get cancer than a person who has never smoked. This depends on how much and how long you smoked.
[ 1276, 5997, 3277, 2835, 3774, 6856, 323, 8937, 254, 2006, 3628, 3736, 4374, 15, 3774, 6856, 310, 253, 4283, 2847, 273, 2923, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 13, 285, 352, 5459, 253, 2495, 273, 1142, 3510, 273, 2923, 13, 1690, 428, 50276, 40205, 2923, 50276, 14, 13386, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 19845, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 27109, 267, 13369, 2923, 313, 30366, 275, 253, 2329, 1576, 273, 253, 11480, 10, 50276, 14, 34728, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 1578, 40345, 10, 50276, 14, 12607, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 81, 1377, 675, 280, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 35142, 10, 50276, 14, 50276, 49934, 2191, 2923, 50275, 14, 18676, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 68, 677, 474, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 15380, 895, 10, 50276, 14, 50276, 31738, 34763, 23299, 313, 25304, 2923, 481, 50276, 40205, 2923, 13386, 2923, 50276, 19845, 2923, 50276, 27109, 267, 13369, 2923, 313, 30366, 275, 253, 2329, 1576, 273, 253, 11480, 10, 34728, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 1578, 40345, 10, 12607, 2923, 50276, 81, 1377, 675, 280, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 35142, 10, 50276, 49934, 2191, 2923, 50276, 1559, 14630, 2923, 50276, 68, 677, 474, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 15380, 895, 10, 50276, 31738, 34763, 23299, 313, 25304, 2923, 481, 1310, 368, 11283, 13, 368, 403, 598, 281, 884, 2069, 625, 2779, 281, 755, 2923, 685, 247, 1436, 665, 556, 1620, 29757, 15, 831, 7024, 327, 849, 1199, 285, 849, 1048, 368, 29757, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 5997, 3277, 2835, 3774, 6856, 323, 8937, 254, 2006, 3628, 3736, 4374, 15, 3774, 6856, 310, 253, 4283, 2847, 273, 2923, 275, 253, 1986, 2077, 13, 285, 352, 5459, 253, 2495, 273, 1142, 3510, 273, 2923, 13, 1690, 428, 50276, 40205, 2923, 50276, 14, 13386, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 19845, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 27109, 267, 13369, 2923, 313, 30366, 275, 253, 2329, 1576, 273, 253, 11480, 10, 50276, 14, 34728, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 1578, 40345, 10, 50276, 14, 12607, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 81, 1377, 675, 280, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 35142, 10, 50276, 14, 50276, 49934, 2191, 2923, 50275, 14, 18676, 2923, 50276, 14, 50276, 68, 677, 474, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 15380, 895, 10, 50276, 14, 50276, 31738, 34763, 23299, 313, 25304, 2923, 481, 50276, 40205, 2923, 13386, 2923, 50276, 19845, 2923, 50276, 27109, 267, 13369, 2923, 313, 30366, 275, 253, 2329, 1576, 273, 253, 11480, 10, 34728, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 1578, 40345, 10, 12607, 2923, 50276, 81, 1377, 675, 280, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 35142, 10, 50276, 49934, 2191, 2923, 50276, 1559, 14630, 2923, 50276, 68, 677, 474, 2923, 313, 30366, 273, 253, 15380, 895, 10, 50276, 31738, 34763, 23299, 313, 25304, 2923, 481, 1310, 368, 11283, 13, 368, 403, 598, 281, 884, 2069, 625, 2779, 281, 755, 2923, 685, 247, 1436, 665, 556, 1620, 29757, 15, 831, 7024, 327, 849, 1199, 285, 849, 1048, 368, 29757, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of 8q12 microduplication syndrome ?
What are the signs and symptoms of 8q12 microduplication syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for 8q12 microduplication syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of chromosome segregation 90% Blepharophimosis 90% Cognitive impairment 90% Highly arched eyebrow 90% Muscular hypotonia 90% Sensorineural hearing impairment 90% Strabismus 90% Ventricular septal defect 90% Abnormality of calvarial morphology 50% Abnormality of the cranial nerves 50% Atria septal defect 50% Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 50% Brachydactyly syndrome 50% Epicanthus 50% Long philtrum 50% Narrow mouth 50% Short toe 50% Telecanthus 50% Vesicoureteral reflux 50% Wide nasal bridge 50% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 854, 82, 805, 2494, 563, 17192, 9237, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 854, 82, 805, 2494, 563, 17192, 9237, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 854, 82, 805, 2494, 563, 17192, 9237, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 15406, 29604, 5091, 6, 35526, 545, 274, 2689, 303, 2433, 5091, 6, 43419, 15151, 5091, 6, 4855, 314, 549, 2147, 47342, 5091, 6, 4878, 2772, 37251, 9409, 5091, 6, 322, 11313, 460, 1546, 4854, 15151, 5091, 6, 7962, 357, 47004, 5091, 6, 23780, 13267, 22688, 267, 7071, 5091, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 1724, 2044, 451, 15448, 2456, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 45752, 22614, 2456, 6, 2058, 5182, 22688, 267, 7071, 2456, 6, 5706, 1075, 19094, 4373, 12135, 8984, 2456, 6, 2652, 607, 10120, 514, 90, 314, 9237, 2456, 6, 39688, 386, 10034, 2456, 6, 8057, 30005, 1206, 360, 2456, 6, 427, 2501, 6208, 2456, 6, 14196, 25283, 2456, 6, 13940, 68, 386, 10034, 2456, 6, 46602, 280, 276, 250, 45473, 39708, 2456, 6, 36181, 23761, 9729, 2456, 6, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 854, 82, 805, 2494, 563, 17192, 9237, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 854, 82, 805, 2494, 563, 17192, 9237, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 854, 82, 805, 2494, 563, 17192, 9237, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 15406, 29604, 5091, 6, 35526, 545, 274, 2689, 303, 2433, 5091, 6, 43419, 15151, 5091, 6, 4855, 314, 549, 2147, 47342, 5091, 6, 4878, 2772, 37251, 9409, 5091, 6, 322, 11313, 460, 1546, 4854, 15151, 5091, 6, 7962, 357, 47004, 5091, 6, 23780, 13267, 22688, 267, 7071, 5091, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 1724, 2044, 451, 15448, 2456, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 45752, 22614, 2456, 6, 2058, 5182, 22688, 267, 7071, 2456, 6, 5706, 1075, 19094, 4373, 12135, 8984, 2456, 6, 2652, 607, 10120, 514, 90, 314, 9237, 2456, 6, 39688, 386, 10034, 2456, 6, 8057, 30005, 1206, 360, 2456, 6, 427, 2501, 6208, 2456, 6, 14196, 25283, 2456, 6, 13940, 68, 386, 10034, 2456, 6, 46602, 280, 276, 250, 45473, 39708, 2456, 6, 36181, 23761, 9729, 2456, 6, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What are the treatments for isolated lissencephaly sequence ?
These resources address the diagnosis or management of isolated lissencephaly sequence: - Gene Review: Gene Review: DCX-Related Disorders - Gene Review: Gene Review: LIS1-Associated Lissencephaly/Subcortical Band Heterotopia - Gene Review: Gene Review: Tubulinopathies Overview - Genetic Testing Registry: Lissencephaly 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Lissencephaly 3 - Genetic Testing Registry: Lissencephaly, X-linked These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 7011, 298, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 3425, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 7011, 298, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 3425, 27, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 9087, 57, 14, 20536, 49566, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 418, 1830, 18, 14, 36597, 456, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 16, 5623, 68, 35149, 16804, 49125, 302, 30147, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 39942, 6236, 11036, 447, 42372, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 337, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 495, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 13, 1594, 14, 16862, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 7011, 298, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 3425, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 7011, 298, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 3425, 27, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 9087, 57, 14, 20536, 49566, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 418, 1830, 18, 14, 36597, 456, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 16, 5623, 68, 35149, 16804, 49125, 302, 30147, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 39942, 6236, 11036, 447, 42372, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 337, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 495, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 418, 739, 566, 545, 5242, 13, 1594, 14, 16862, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
What are the genetic changes related to neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa ?
NARP results from mutations in the MT-ATP6 gene. This gene is contained in mitochondrial DNA, also known as mtDNA. Mitochondria are structures within cells that convert the energy from food into a form that cells can use. Although most DNA is packaged in chromosomes within the nucleus, mitochondria also have a small amount of their own DNA. The MT-ATP6 gene provides instructions for making a protein that is essential for normal mitochondrial function. Through a series of chemical reactions, mitochondria use oxygen and simple sugars to create adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy source. The MT-ATP6 protein forms one part (subunit) of an enzyme called ATP synthase, which is responsible for the last step in ATP production. Mutations in the MT-ATP6 gene alter the structure or function of ATP synthase, reducing the ability of mitochondria to make ATP. It remains unclear how this disruption in mitochondrial energy production leads to muscle weakness, vision loss, and the other specific features of NARP.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 44268, 13, 387, 991, 571, 13, 285, 851, 46999, 30448, 6859, 3736, 47, 37862, 1543, 432, 9197, 275, 253, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 310, 6221, 275, 13227, 3882, 13, 671, 1929, 347, 40525, 15, 12799, 9217, 5182, 403, 5289, 1561, 1341, 326, 6455, 253, 2341, 432, 2739, 715, 247, 830, 326, 1341, 476, 897, 15, 4129, 954, 3882, 310, 32487, 275, 25112, 1561, 253, 13787, 13, 22116, 671, 452, 247, 1355, 2408, 273, 616, 1211, 3882, 15, 50276, 510, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 310, 5667, 323, 2622, 13227, 1159, 15, 11970, 247, 2962, 273, 5793, 9969, 13, 22116, 897, 7768, 285, 2969, 36984, 281, 2794, 37121, 1195, 25955, 313, 25606, 582, 253, 894, 434, 2022, 2341, 2603, 15, 380, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 2601, 4948, 581, 629, 313, 2377, 8522, 10, 273, 271, 9548, 1925, 14809, 28180, 13, 534, 310, 5506, 323, 253, 1390, 3213, 275, 14809, 3275, 15, 15601, 569, 275, 253, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 3320, 6990, 253, 2605, 390, 1159, 273, 14809, 28180, 13, 8493, 253, 3745, 273, 22116, 281, 1056, 14809, 15, 733, 4558, 12744, 849, 436, 20638, 275, 13227, 2341, 3275, 5644, 281, 6616, 14855, 13, 8113, 2957, 13, 285, 253, 643, 2173, 3386, 273, 427, 37862, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 44268, 13, 387, 991, 571, 13, 285, 851, 46999, 30448, 6859, 3736, 47, 37862, 1543, 432, 9197, 275, 253, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 3320, 15, 831, 3320, 310, 6221, 275, 13227, 3882, 13, 671, 1929, 347, 40525, 15, 12799, 9217, 5182, 403, 5289, 1561, 1341, 326, 6455, 253, 2341, 432, 2739, 715, 247, 830, 326, 1341, 476, 897, 15, 4129, 954, 3882, 310, 32487, 275, 25112, 1561, 253, 13787, 13, 22116, 671, 452, 247, 1355, 2408, 273, 616, 1211, 3882, 15, 50276, 510, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 310, 5667, 323, 2622, 13227, 1159, 15, 11970, 247, 2962, 273, 5793, 9969, 13, 22116, 897, 7768, 285, 2969, 36984, 281, 2794, 37121, 1195, 25955, 313, 25606, 582, 253, 894, 434, 2022, 2341, 2603, 15, 380, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 2601, 4948, 581, 629, 313, 2377, 8522, 10, 273, 271, 9548, 1925, 14809, 28180, 13, 534, 310, 5506, 323, 253, 1390, 3213, 275, 14809, 3275, 15, 15601, 569, 275, 253, 15964, 14, 25606, 23, 3320, 6990, 253, 2605, 390, 1159, 273, 14809, 28180, 13, 8493, 253, 3745, 273, 22116, 281, 1056, 14809, 15, 733, 4558, 12744, 849, 436, 20638, 275, 13227, 2341, 3275, 5644, 281, 6616, 14855, 13, 8113, 2957, 13, 285, 253, 643, 2173, 3386, 273, 427, 37862, 15 ]
What are the stages of Vulvar Cancer ?
Key Points - After vulvar cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the vulva or to other parts of the body. - There are three ways that cancer spreads in the body. - Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body. - In vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), abnormal cells are found on the surface of the vulvar skin. - The following stages are used for vulvar cancer: - Stage I - Stage II - Stage III - Stage IV After vulvar cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the vulva or to other parts of the body. The process used to find out if cancer has spread within the vulva or to other parts of the body is called staging. The information gathered from the staging process determines the stage of the disease. It is important to know the stage in order to plan treatment. The following tests and procedures may be used in the staging process: - Pelvic exam : An exam of the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and rectum. A speculum is inserted into the vagina and the doctor or nurse looks at the vagina and cervix for signs of disease. A Pap test of the cervix is usually done. The doctor or nurse also inserts one or two lubricated, gloved fingers of one hand into the vagina and places the other hand over the lower abdomen to feel the size, shape, and position of the uterus and ovaries. The doctor or nurse also inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel for lumps or abnormal areas. - Colposcopy : A procedure in which a colposcope (a lighted, magnifying instrument) is used to check the vagina and cervix for abnormal areas. Tissue samples may be taken using a curette (spoon-shaped instrument) or a brush and checked under a microscope for signs of disease. - Cystoscopy : A procedure to look inside the bladder and urethra to check for abnormal areas. A cystoscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. A cystoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It may also have a tool to remove tissue samples, which are checked under a microscope for signs of cancer. - Proctoscopy : A procedure to look inside the rectum and anus to check for abnormal areas. A proctoscope is inserted into the anus and rectum. A proctoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument with a light and a lens for viewing. It may also have a tool to remove tissue samples, which are checked under a microscope for signs of cancer. - X-rays : An x-ray is a type of energy beam that can go through the body and onto film, making a picture of areas inside the body. To stage vulvar cancer, x-rays may be taken of the organs and bones inside the chest, and the pelvic bones. - Intravenous pyelogram (IVP): A series of x-rays of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder to find out if cancer has spread to these organs. A contrast dye is injected into a vein. As the contrast dye moves through the kidneys, ureters and bladder, x-rays are taken to see if there are any blockages. This procedure is also called intravenous urography. - CT scan (CAT scan): A procedure that makes a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body, taken from different angles. The pictures are made by a computer linked to an x-ray machine. A dye may be injected into a vein or swallowed to help the organs or tissues show up more clearly. This procedure is also called computed tomography, computerized tomography, or computerized axial tomography. - MRI (magnetic resonance imaging): A procedure that uses a magnet, radio waves, and a computer to make a series of detailed pictures of areas inside the body. This procedure is also called nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI). - PET scan (positron emission tomography scan): A procedure to find malignant tumor cells in the body. A small amount of radioactive glucose (sugar) is injected into a vein. The PET scanner rotates around the body and makes a picture of where glucose is being used in the body. Malignant tumor cells show up brighter in the picture because they are more active and take up more glucose than normal cells do. - Sentinel lymph node biopsy : The removal of the sentinel lymph node during surgery. The sentinel lymph node is the first lymph node to receive lymphatic drainage from a tumor. It is the first lymph node the cancer is likely to spread to from the tumor. A radioactive substance and/or blue dye is injected near the tumor. The substance or dye flows through the lymph ducts to the lymph nodes. The first lymph node to receive the substance or dye is removed. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to look for cancer cells. If cancer cells are not found, it may not be necessary to remove more lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node biopsy may be done during surgery to remove the tumor for early-stage vulvar cancer. There are three ways that cancer spreads in the body. Cancer can spread through tissue, the lymph system, and the blood: - Tissue. The cancer spreads from where it began by growing into nearby areas. - Lymph system. The cancer spreads from where it began by getting into the lymph system. The cancer travels through the lymph vessels to other parts of the body. - Blood. The cancer spreads from where it began by getting into the blood. The cancer travels through the blood vessels to other parts of the body. Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body. When cancer spreads to another part of the body, it is called metastasis. Cancer cells break away from where they began (the primary tumor) and travel through the lymph system or blood. - Lymph system. The cancer gets into the lymph system, travels through the lymph vessels, and forms a tumor (metastatic tumor) in another part of the body. - Blood. The cancer gets into the blood, travels through the blood vessels, and forms a tumor (metastatic tumor) in another part of the body. The metastatic tumor is the same type of cancer as the primary tumor. For example, if vulvar cancer spreads to the lung, the cancer cells in the lung are actually vulvar cancer cells. The disease is metastatic vulvar cancer, not lung cancer. In vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN), abnormal cells are found on the surface of the vulvar skin. These abnormal cells are not cancer. Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) may become cancer and spread into nearby tissue. VIN is sometimes called stage 0 or carcinoma in situ. The following stages are used for vulvar cancer: Stage I In stage I, cancer has formed. The tumor is found only in the vulva or perineum (area between the rectum and the vagina). Stage I is divided into stages IA and IB. - In stage IA, the tumor is 2 centimeters or smaller and has spread 1 millimeter or less into the tissue of the vulva. Cancer has not spread to the lymph nodes. - In stage IB, the tumor is larger than 2 centimeters or has spread more than 1 millimeter into the tissue of the vulva. Cancer has not spread to the lymph nodes. Stage II In stage II, the tumor is any size and has spread into the lower part of the urethra, the lower part of the vagina, or the anus. Cancer has not spread to the lymph nodes. Stage III In stage III, the tumor is any size and may have spread into the lower part of the urethra, the lower part of the vagina, or the anus. Cancer has spread to one or more nearby lymph nodes. Stage III is divided into stages IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC. - In stage IIIA, cancer is found in 1 or 2 lymph nodes that are smaller than 5 millimeters or in one lymph node that is 5 millimeters or larger. - In stage IIIB, cancer is found in 2 or more lymph nodes that are 5 millimeters or larger, or in 3 or more lymph nodes that are smaller than 5 millimeters. - In stage IIIC, cancer is found in lymph nodes and has spread to the outside surface of the lymph nodes. Stage IV In stage IV, the tumor has spread into the upper part of the urethra, the upper part of the vagina, or to other parts of the body. Stage IV is divided into stages IVA and IVB. - In stage IVA: - cancer has spread into the lining of the upper urethra, the upper vagina, the bladder, or the rectum, or has attached to the pelvic bone; or - cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes and the lymph nodes are not moveable or have formed an ulcer. - In stage IVB, cancer has spread to lymph nodes in the pelvis or to other parts of the body.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 8661, 273, 34820, 2044, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 2732, 8554, 2044, 2923, 556, 644, 11245, 13, 5216, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 1341, 452, 5195, 1561, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 1707, 403, 1264, 4088, 326, 2923, 35818, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 13877, 778, 5195, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 496, 8554, 2044, 8376, 47910, 34177, 13411, 313, 55, 1042, 582, 10969, 1341, 403, 1119, 327, 253, 2553, 273, 253, 8554, 2044, 4808, 15, 50274, 14, 380, 1563, 8661, 403, 908, 323, 8554, 2044, 2923, 27, 50269, 14, 23266, 309, 50273, 14, 23266, 3719, 50273, 14, 23266, 6490, 50273, 14, 23266, 8019, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 4553, 8554, 2044, 2923, 556, 644, 11245, 13, 5216, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 1341, 452, 5195, 1561, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 1232, 908, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 556, 5195, 1561, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 310, 1925, 28727, 15, 380, 1491, 13037, 432, 253, 28727, 1232, 14802, 253, 3924, 273, 253, 2728, 15, 733, 310, 1774, 281, 871, 253, 3924, 275, 1340, 281, 2098, 1971, 15, 380, 1563, 5216, 285, 7259, 778, 320, 908, 275, 253, 28727, 1232, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 49, 293, 19742, 1174, 1163, 743, 1174, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 15380, 895, 13, 42544, 13, 2965, 40113, 17080, 13, 16119, 447, 13, 285, 9004, 360, 15, 329, 946, 15508, 310, 13400, 715, 253, 42797, 285, 253, 7345, 390, 15339, 4453, 387, 253, 42797, 285, 15380, 895, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 15, 329, 17206, 1071, 273, 253, 15380, 895, 310, 3798, 2218, 15, 380, 7345, 390, 15339, 671, 37034, 581, 390, 767, 27203, 456, 13, 1289, 3149, 9881, 273, 581, 1133, 715, 253, 42797, 285, 5053, 253, 643, 1133, 689, 253, 2406, 30781, 281, 1928, 253, 1979, 13, 5281, 13, 285, 1899, 273, 253, 42544, 285, 16119, 447, 15, 380, 7345, 390, 15339, 671, 37034, 247, 27203, 456, 13, 1289, 3149, 9185, 715, 253, 9004, 360, 281, 1928, 323, 298, 10628, 390, 10969, 3672, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 2973, 993, 12557, 1163, 329, 5199, 275, 534, 247, 847, 993, 68, 1714, 313, 66, 1708, 264, 13, 2849, 5411, 7935, 10, 310, 908, 281, 2451, 253, 42797, 285, 15380, 895, 323, 10969, 3672, 15, 39218, 3530, 778, 320, 2668, 970, 247, 16498, 38489, 313, 1033, 3508, 14, 13824, 7935, 10, 390, 247, 16463, 285, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 36, 9207, 20388, 1163, 329, 5199, 281, 1007, 3304, 253, 18676, 285, 39704, 376, 281, 2451, 323, 10969, 3672, 15, 329, 26242, 31269, 310, 13400, 949, 253, 39704, 376, 715, 253, 18676, 15, 329, 26242, 31269, 310, 247, 6906, 13, 9402, 14, 3022, 7935, 342, 247, 1708, 285, 247, 9655, 323, 14657, 15, 733, 778, 671, 452, 247, 4968, 281, 5386, 4408, 3530, 13, 534, 403, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 1845, 291, 20388, 1163, 329, 5199, 281, 1007, 3304, 253, 9004, 360, 285, 271, 316, 281, 2451, 323, 10969, 3672, 15, 329, 354, 291, 31269, 310, 13400, 715, 253, 271, 316, 285, 9004, 360, 15, 329, 354, 291, 31269, 310, 247, 6906, 13, 9402, 14, 3022, 7935, 342, 247, 1708, 285, 247, 9655, 323, 14657, 15, 733, 778, 671, 452, 247, 4968, 281, 5386, 4408, 3530, 13, 534, 403, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 57, 14, 20237, 1163, 743, 1269, 14, 1402, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 2341, 8325, 326, 476, 564, 949, 253, 2133, 285, 4830, 3085, 13, 2403, 247, 5406, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 15, 1916, 3924, 8554, 2044, 2923, 13, 1269, 14, 20237, 778, 320, 2668, 273, 253, 15384, 285, 14910, 3304, 253, 9081, 13, 285, 253, 31084, 14910, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 4807, 376, 1261, 528, 7239, 293, 12935, 313, 3252, 49, 2262, 329, 2962, 273, 1269, 14, 20237, 273, 253, 33193, 13, 16811, 1336, 13, 285, 18676, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 841, 15384, 15, 329, 4499, 18722, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 1284, 253, 4499, 18722, 9727, 949, 253, 33193, 13, 16811, 1336, 285, 18676, 13, 1269, 14, 20237, 403, 2668, 281, 923, 604, 627, 403, 667, 2972, 1131, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 23803, 1484, 6375, 1354, 90, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 1647, 11017, 313, 24227, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 2789, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 2668, 432, 1027, 14636, 15, 380, 7968, 403, 1160, 407, 247, 4382, 7939, 281, 271, 1269, 14, 1402, 5145, 15, 329, 18722, 778, 320, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 390, 30427, 281, 1361, 253, 15384, 390, 7944, 921, 598, 625, 4518, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 10302, 20213, 13, 47968, 20213, 13, 390, 47968, 19853, 20213, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 22410, 313, 41947, 12549, 6979, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 4648, 247, 10973, 13, 5553, 10212, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 6069, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 18971, 4873, 481, 50274, 14, 50275, 34751, 11017, 313, 993, 262, 1406, 8295, 20213, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 281, 1089, 17566, 4502, 1341, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 329, 1355, 2408, 273, 33419, 8383, 313, 84, 16734, 10, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 380, 19602, 25152, 45933, 1475, 253, 2133, 285, 2789, 247, 5406, 273, 835, 8383, 310, 1146, 908, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 5979, 45806, 4502, 1341, 921, 598, 32950, 275, 253, 5406, 984, 597, 403, 625, 3939, 285, 1379, 598, 625, 8383, 685, 2622, 1341, 513, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 29710, 29943, 6946, 4666, 18323, 1163, 380, 8570, 273, 253, 2197, 29943, 6946, 4666, 1309, 5869, 15, 380, 2197, 29943, 6946, 4666, 310, 253, 806, 6946, 4666, 281, 4763, 46303, 26111, 432, 247, 4502, 15, 733, 310, 253, 806, 6946, 4666, 253, 2923, 310, 2779, 281, 5195, 281, 432, 253, 4502, 15, 329, 33419, 10359, 285, 16, 263, 4797, 18722, 310, 13945, 2822, 253, 4502, 15, 380, 10359, 390, 18722, 14221, 949, 253, 6946, 17451, 84, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 380, 806, 6946, 4666, 281, 4763, 253, 10359, 390, 18722, 310, 5176, 15, 329, 1854, 10364, 6849, 253, 4408, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 1007, 323, 2923, 1341, 15, 1310, 2923, 1341, 403, 417, 1119, 13, 352, 778, 417, 320, 3309, 281, 5386, 625, 6946, 7632, 15, 20580, 29943, 6946, 4666, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 1309, 5869, 281, 5386, 253, 4502, 323, 2393, 14, 13311, 8554, 2044, 2923, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 1264, 4088, 326, 2923, 35818, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50258, 5804, 1209, 476, 5195, 949, 4408, 13, 253, 6946, 985, 13, 285, 253, 2614, 27, 50269, 14, 39218, 15, 380, 2923, 35818, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 407, 5675, 715, 10151, 3672, 15, 50273, 14, 49684, 985, 15, 380, 2923, 35818, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 407, 2970, 715, 253, 6946, 985, 15, 380, 2923, 24376, 949, 253, 6946, 12671, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50273, 14, 14169, 15, 380, 2923, 35818, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 407, 2970, 715, 253, 2614, 15, 380, 2923, 24376, 949, 253, 2614, 12671, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 5804, 1209, 778, 5195, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50258, 3039, 2923, 35818, 281, 1529, 629, 273, 253, 2133, 13, 352, 310, 1925, 16200, 15, 13877, 1341, 2740, 1977, 432, 835, 597, 3407, 313, 783, 3625, 4502, 10, 285, 4288, 949, 253, 6946, 985, 390, 2614, 15, 50269, 14, 49684, 985, 15, 380, 2923, 4850, 715, 253, 6946, 985, 13, 24376, 949, 253, 6946, 12671, 13, 285, 4948, 247, 4502, 313, 3899, 505, 1420, 4502, 10, 275, 1529, 629, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 14169, 15, 380, 2923, 4850, 715, 253, 2614, 13, 24376, 949, 253, 2614, 12671, 13, 285, 4948, 247, 4502, 313, 3899, 505, 1420, 4502, 10, 275, 1529, 629, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50270, 510, 19798, 4502, 310, 253, 1072, 1511, 273, 2923, 347, 253, 3625, 4502, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 604, 8554, 2044, 2923, 35818, 281, 253, 6400, 13, 253, 2923, 1341, 275, 253, 6400, 403, 2686, 8554, 2044, 2923, 1341, 15, 380, 2728, 310, 19798, 8554, 2044, 2923, 13, 417, 6400, 2923, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 688, 8554, 2044, 8376, 47910, 34177, 13411, 313, 55, 1042, 582, 10969, 1341, 403, 1119, 327, 253, 2553, 273, 253, 8554, 2044, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 6872, 10969, 1341, 403, 417, 2923, 15, 34820, 2044, 8376, 47910, 34177, 13411, 313, 55, 1042, 10, 778, 2489, 2923, 285, 5195, 715, 10151, 4408, 15, 657, 1042, 310, 4536, 1925, 3924, 470, 390, 12382, 275, 5999, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 510, 1563, 8661, 403, 908, 323, 8554, 2044, 2923, 27, 187, 50258, 30635, 309, 50274, 688, 3924, 309, 13, 2923, 556, 4447, 15, 380, 4502, 310, 1119, 760, 275, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 591, 460, 360, 313, 12879, 875, 253, 9004, 360, 285, 253, 42797, 481, 23266, 309, 310, 4272, 715, 8661, 32815, 285, 32728, 15, 50263, 14, 496, 3924, 32815, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 374, 50176, 390, 4577, 285, 556, 5195, 337, 5499, 17121, 390, 1679, 715, 253, 4408, 273, 253, 8554, 6156, 15, 13877, 556, 417, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50273, 14, 496, 3924, 32728, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 4067, 685, 374, 50176, 390, 556, 5195, 625, 685, 337, 5499, 17121, 715, 253, 4408, 273, 253, 8554, 6156, 15, 13877, 556, 417, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50264, 30635, 3719, 50274, 688, 3924, 3719, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 667, 1979, 285, 556, 5195, 715, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 390, 253, 271, 316, 15, 13877, 556, 417, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50271, 30635, 6490, 50274, 688, 3924, 6490, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 667, 1979, 285, 778, 452, 5195, 715, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 390, 253, 271, 316, 15, 13877, 556, 5195, 281, 581, 390, 625, 10151, 6946, 7632, 15, 23266, 6490, 310, 4272, 715, 8661, 6490, 34, 13, 6490, 35, 13, 285, 3719, 1864, 15, 50266, 14, 496, 3924, 6490, 34, 13, 2923, 310, 1119, 275, 337, 390, 374, 6946, 7632, 326, 403, 4577, 685, 608, 5499, 29399, 390, 275, 581, 6946, 4666, 326, 310, 608, 5499, 29399, 390, 4067, 15, 50273, 14, 496, 3924, 6490, 35, 13, 2923, 310, 1119, 275, 374, 390, 625, 6946, 7632, 326, 403, 608, 5499, 29399, 390, 4067, 13, 390, 275, 495, 390, 625, 6946, 7632, 326, 403, 4577, 685, 608, 5499, 29399, 15, 50273, 14, 496, 3924, 3719, 1864, 13, 2923, 310, 1119, 275, 6946, 7632, 285, 556, 5195, 281, 253, 3345, 2553, 273, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50264, 30635, 8019, 50274, 688, 3924, 8019, 13, 253, 4502, 556, 5195, 715, 253, 5170, 629, 273, 253, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 5170, 629, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 23266, 8019, 310, 4272, 715, 8661, 8019, 34, 285, 8019, 35, 15, 50265, 14, 496, 3924, 8019, 34, 27, 50260, 14, 50276, 30366, 556, 5195, 715, 253, 27535, 273, 253, 5170, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 5170, 42797, 13, 253, 18676, 13, 390, 253, 9004, 360, 13, 390, 556, 7660, 281, 253, 31084, 5961, 28, 390, 50271, 14, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 10151, 6946, 7632, 285, 253, 6946, 7632, 403, 417, 2118, 494, 390, 452, 4447, 271, 27622, 15, 50261, 14, 496, 3924, 8019, 35, 13, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 47818, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 8661, 273, 34820, 2044, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 2732, 8554, 2044, 2923, 556, 644, 11245, 13, 5216, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 1341, 452, 5195, 1561, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 1707, 403, 1264, 4088, 326, 2923, 35818, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 13877, 778, 5195, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 496, 8554, 2044, 8376, 47910, 34177, 13411, 313, 55, 1042, 582, 10969, 1341, 403, 1119, 327, 253, 2553, 273, 253, 8554, 2044, 4808, 15, 50274, 14, 380, 1563, 8661, 403, 908, 323, 8554, 2044, 2923, 27, 50269, 14, 23266, 309, 50273, 14, 23266, 3719, 50273, 14, 23266, 6490, 50273, 14, 23266, 8019, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 4553, 8554, 2044, 2923, 556, 644, 11245, 13, 5216, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 1341, 452, 5195, 1561, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 1232, 908, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 556, 5195, 1561, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 310, 1925, 28727, 15, 380, 1491, 13037, 432, 253, 28727, 1232, 14802, 253, 3924, 273, 253, 2728, 15, 733, 310, 1774, 281, 871, 253, 3924, 275, 1340, 281, 2098, 1971, 15, 380, 1563, 5216, 285, 7259, 778, 320, 908, 275, 253, 28727, 1232, 27, 50269, 14, 50275, 49, 293, 19742, 1174, 1163, 743, 1174, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 15380, 895, 13, 42544, 13, 2965, 40113, 17080, 13, 16119, 447, 13, 285, 9004, 360, 15, 329, 946, 15508, 310, 13400, 715, 253, 42797, 285, 253, 7345, 390, 15339, 4453, 387, 253, 42797, 285, 15380, 895, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 15, 329, 17206, 1071, 273, 253, 15380, 895, 310, 3798, 2218, 15, 380, 7345, 390, 15339, 671, 37034, 581, 390, 767, 27203, 456, 13, 1289, 3149, 9881, 273, 581, 1133, 715, 253, 42797, 285, 5053, 253, 643, 1133, 689, 253, 2406, 30781, 281, 1928, 253, 1979, 13, 5281, 13, 285, 1899, 273, 253, 42544, 285, 16119, 447, 15, 380, 7345, 390, 15339, 671, 37034, 247, 27203, 456, 13, 1289, 3149, 9185, 715, 253, 9004, 360, 281, 1928, 323, 298, 10628, 390, 10969, 3672, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 2973, 993, 12557, 1163, 329, 5199, 275, 534, 247, 847, 993, 68, 1714, 313, 66, 1708, 264, 13, 2849, 5411, 7935, 10, 310, 908, 281, 2451, 253, 42797, 285, 15380, 895, 323, 10969, 3672, 15, 39218, 3530, 778, 320, 2668, 970, 247, 16498, 38489, 313, 1033, 3508, 14, 13824, 7935, 10, 390, 247, 16463, 285, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 2728, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 36, 9207, 20388, 1163, 329, 5199, 281, 1007, 3304, 253, 18676, 285, 39704, 376, 281, 2451, 323, 10969, 3672, 15, 329, 26242, 31269, 310, 13400, 949, 253, 39704, 376, 715, 253, 18676, 15, 329, 26242, 31269, 310, 247, 6906, 13, 9402, 14, 3022, 7935, 342, 247, 1708, 285, 247, 9655, 323, 14657, 15, 733, 778, 671, 452, 247, 4968, 281, 5386, 4408, 3530, 13, 534, 403, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 1845, 291, 20388, 1163, 329, 5199, 281, 1007, 3304, 253, 9004, 360, 285, 271, 316, 281, 2451, 323, 10969, 3672, 15, 329, 354, 291, 31269, 310, 13400, 715, 253, 271, 316, 285, 9004, 360, 15, 329, 354, 291, 31269, 310, 247, 6906, 13, 9402, 14, 3022, 7935, 342, 247, 1708, 285, 247, 9655, 323, 14657, 15, 733, 778, 671, 452, 247, 4968, 281, 5386, 4408, 3530, 13, 534, 403, 10141, 762, 247, 17199, 323, 7871, 273, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 57, 14, 20237, 1163, 743, 1269, 14, 1402, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 2341, 8325, 326, 476, 564, 949, 253, 2133, 285, 4830, 3085, 13, 2403, 247, 5406, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 15, 1916, 3924, 8554, 2044, 2923, 13, 1269, 14, 20237, 778, 320, 2668, 273, 253, 15384, 285, 14910, 3304, 253, 9081, 13, 285, 253, 31084, 14910, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 4807, 376, 1261, 528, 7239, 293, 12935, 313, 3252, 49, 2262, 329, 2962, 273, 1269, 14, 20237, 273, 253, 33193, 13, 16811, 1336, 13, 285, 18676, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 841, 15384, 15, 329, 4499, 18722, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 1284, 253, 4499, 18722, 9727, 949, 253, 33193, 13, 16811, 1336, 285, 18676, 13, 1269, 14, 20237, 403, 2668, 281, 923, 604, 627, 403, 667, 2972, 1131, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 23803, 1484, 6375, 1354, 90, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 1647, 11017, 313, 24227, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 2789, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 13, 2668, 432, 1027, 14636, 15, 380, 7968, 403, 1160, 407, 247, 4382, 7939, 281, 271, 1269, 14, 1402, 5145, 15, 329, 18722, 778, 320, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 390, 30427, 281, 1361, 253, 15384, 390, 7944, 921, 598, 625, 4518, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 10302, 20213, 13, 47968, 20213, 13, 390, 47968, 19853, 20213, 15, 50274, 14, 50275, 22410, 313, 41947, 12549, 6979, 2262, 329, 5199, 326, 4648, 247, 10973, 13, 5553, 10212, 13, 285, 247, 4382, 281, 1056, 247, 2962, 273, 7000, 7968, 273, 3672, 3304, 253, 2133, 15, 831, 5199, 310, 671, 1925, 6069, 5212, 12549, 6979, 313, 18971, 4873, 481, 50274, 14, 50275, 34751, 11017, 313, 993, 262, 1406, 8295, 20213, 11017, 2262, 329, 5199, 281, 1089, 17566, 4502, 1341, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 329, 1355, 2408, 273, 33419, 8383, 313, 84, 16734, 10, 310, 13945, 715, 247, 17716, 15, 380, 19602, 25152, 45933, 1475, 253, 2133, 285, 2789, 247, 5406, 273, 835, 8383, 310, 1146, 908, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 5979, 45806, 4502, 1341, 921, 598, 32950, 275, 253, 5406, 984, 597, 403, 625, 3939, 285, 1379, 598, 625, 8383, 685, 2622, 1341, 513, 15, 50273, 14, 50275, 29710, 29943, 6946, 4666, 18323, 1163, 380, 8570, 273, 253, 2197, 29943, 6946, 4666, 1309, 5869, 15, 380, 2197, 29943, 6946, 4666, 310, 253, 806, 6946, 4666, 281, 4763, 46303, 26111, 432, 247, 4502, 15, 733, 310, 253, 806, 6946, 4666, 253, 2923, 310, 2779, 281, 5195, 281, 432, 253, 4502, 15, 329, 33419, 10359, 285, 16, 263, 4797, 18722, 310, 13945, 2822, 253, 4502, 15, 380, 10359, 390, 18722, 14221, 949, 253, 6946, 17451, 84, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 380, 806, 6946, 4666, 281, 4763, 253, 10359, 390, 18722, 310, 5176, 15, 329, 1854, 10364, 6849, 253, 4408, 762, 247, 17199, 281, 1007, 323, 2923, 1341, 15, 1310, 2923, 1341, 403, 417, 1119, 13, 352, 778, 417, 320, 3309, 281, 5386, 625, 6946, 7632, 15, 20580, 29943, 6946, 4666, 18323, 778, 320, 2218, 1309, 5869, 281, 5386, 253, 4502, 323, 2393, 14, 13311, 8554, 2044, 2923, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 1264, 4088, 326, 2923, 35818, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50258, 5804, 1209, 476, 5195, 949, 4408, 13, 253, 6946, 985, 13, 285, 253, 2614, 27, 50269, 14, 39218, 15, 380, 2923, 35818, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 407, 5675, 715, 10151, 3672, 15, 50273, 14, 49684, 985, 15, 380, 2923, 35818, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 407, 2970, 715, 253, 6946, 985, 15, 380, 2923, 24376, 949, 253, 6946, 12671, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50273, 14, 14169, 15, 380, 2923, 35818, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 407, 2970, 715, 253, 2614, 15, 380, 2923, 24376, 949, 253, 2614, 12671, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 5804, 1209, 778, 5195, 432, 835, 352, 3407, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 187, 50258, 3039, 2923, 35818, 281, 1529, 629, 273, 253, 2133, 13, 352, 310, 1925, 16200, 15, 13877, 1341, 2740, 1977, 432, 835, 597, 3407, 313, 783, 3625, 4502, 10, 285, 4288, 949, 253, 6946, 985, 390, 2614, 15, 50269, 14, 49684, 985, 15, 380, 2923, 4850, 715, 253, 6946, 985, 13, 24376, 949, 253, 6946, 12671, 13, 285, 4948, 247, 4502, 313, 3899, 505, 1420, 4502, 10, 275, 1529, 629, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50274, 14, 14169, 15, 380, 2923, 4850, 715, 253, 2614, 13, 24376, 949, 253, 2614, 12671, 13, 285, 4948, 247, 4502, 313, 3899, 505, 1420, 4502, 10, 275, 1529, 629, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 50270, 510, 19798, 4502, 310, 253, 1072, 1511, 273, 2923, 347, 253, 3625, 4502, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 604, 8554, 2044, 2923, 35818, 281, 253, 6400, 13, 253, 2923, 1341, 275, 253, 6400, 403, 2686, 8554, 2044, 2923, 1341, 15, 380, 2728, 310, 19798, 8554, 2044, 2923, 13, 417, 6400, 2923, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 688, 8554, 2044, 8376, 47910, 34177, 13411, 313, 55, 1042, 582, 10969, 1341, 403, 1119, 327, 253, 2553, 273, 253, 8554, 2044, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 6872, 10969, 1341, 403, 417, 2923, 15, 34820, 2044, 8376, 47910, 34177, 13411, 313, 55, 1042, 10, 778, 2489, 2923, 285, 5195, 715, 10151, 4408, 15, 657, 1042, 310, 4536, 1925, 3924, 470, 390, 12382, 275, 5999, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 510, 1563, 8661, 403, 908, 323, 8554, 2044, 2923, 27, 187, 50258, 30635, 309, 50274, 688, 3924, 309, 13, 2923, 556, 4447, 15, 380, 4502, 310, 1119, 760, 275, 253, 8554, 6156, 390, 591, 460, 360, 313, 12879, 875, 253, 9004, 360, 285, 253, 42797, 481, 23266, 309, 310, 4272, 715, 8661, 32815, 285, 32728, 15, 50263, 14, 496, 3924, 32815, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 374, 50176, 390, 4577, 285, 556, 5195, 337, 5499, 17121, 390, 1679, 715, 253, 4408, 273, 253, 8554, 6156, 15, 13877, 556, 417, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50273, 14, 496, 3924, 32728, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 4067, 685, 374, 50176, 390, 556, 5195, 625, 685, 337, 5499, 17121, 715, 253, 4408, 273, 253, 8554, 6156, 15, 13877, 556, 417, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50264, 30635, 3719, 50274, 688, 3924, 3719, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 667, 1979, 285, 556, 5195, 715, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 390, 253, 271, 316, 15, 13877, 556, 417, 5195, 281, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50271, 30635, 6490, 50274, 688, 3924, 6490, 13, 253, 4502, 310, 667, 1979, 285, 778, 452, 5195, 715, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 390, 253, 271, 316, 15, 13877, 556, 5195, 281, 581, 390, 625, 10151, 6946, 7632, 15, 23266, 6490, 310, 4272, 715, 8661, 6490, 34, 13, 6490, 35, 13, 285, 3719, 1864, 15, 50266, 14, 496, 3924, 6490, 34, 13, 2923, 310, 1119, 275, 337, 390, 374, 6946, 7632, 326, 403, 4577, 685, 608, 5499, 29399, 390, 275, 581, 6946, 4666, 326, 310, 608, 5499, 29399, 390, 4067, 15, 50273, 14, 496, 3924, 6490, 35, 13, 2923, 310, 1119, 275, 374, 390, 625, 6946, 7632, 326, 403, 608, 5499, 29399, 390, 4067, 13, 390, 275, 495, 390, 625, 6946, 7632, 326, 403, 4577, 685, 608, 5499, 29399, 15, 50273, 14, 496, 3924, 3719, 1864, 13, 2923, 310, 1119, 275, 6946, 7632, 285, 556, 5195, 281, 253, 3345, 2553, 273, 253, 6946, 7632, 15, 50264, 30635, 8019, 50274, 688, 3924, 8019, 13, 253, 4502, 556, 5195, 715, 253, 5170, 629, 273, 253, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 5170, 629, 273, 253, 42797, 13, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 23266, 8019, 310, 4272, 715, 8661, 8019, 34, 285, 8019, 35, 15, 50265, 14, 496, 3924, 8019, 34, 27, 50260, 14, 50276, 30366, 556, 5195, 715, 253, 27535, 273, 253, 5170, 39704, 376, 13, 253, 5170, 42797, 13, 253, 18676, 13, 390, 253, 9004, 360, 13, 390, 556, 7660, 281, 253, 31084, 5961, 28, 390, 50271, 14, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 10151, 6946, 7632, 285, 253, 6946, 7632, 403, 417, 2118, 494, 390, 452, 4447, 271, 27622, 15, 50261, 14, 496, 3924, 8019, 35, 13, 2923, 556, 5195, 281, 6946, 7632, 275, 253, 47818, 390, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15 ]
What is (are) Ataxia Telangiectasia ?
Ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T) is a rare, inherited disease. It affects the nervous system, immune system, and other body systems. Symptoms appear in young children, usually before age 5. They include - Ataxia - trouble coordinating movements - Poor balance - Slurred speech - Tiny, red spider veins, called telangiectasias, on the skin and eyes - Lung infections - Delayed physical and sexual development People with A-T have an increased risk of developing diabetes and cancers, especially lymphoma and leukemia. Although it affects the brain, people with A-T usually have normal or high intelligence. A-T has no cure. Treatments might improve some symptoms. They include injections to strengthen the immune system, physical and speech therapy, and high-dose vitamins. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 329, 9292, 571, 21123, 606, 466, 291, 13411, 3736, 34, 9292, 571, 14, 43193, 606, 466, 291, 13411, 313, 34, 14, 53, 10, 310, 247, 7520, 13, 20265, 2728, 15, 733, 11852, 253, 11219, 985, 13, 7026, 985, 13, 285, 643, 2133, 2718, 15, 40561, 3056, 3176, 275, 2872, 2151, 13, 3798, 1078, 2363, 608, 15, 1583, 2486, 50271, 14, 329, 9292, 571, 428, 7596, 45415, 11438, 50274, 14, 28897, 6654, 50273, 14, 7335, 15064, 6519, 50274, 14, 48721, 13, 2502, 32850, 27394, 13, 1925, 14591, 606, 466, 291, 284, 6358, 13, 327, 253, 4808, 285, 2927, 50274, 14, 37792, 10332, 50274, 14, 6304, 19416, 3520, 285, 5615, 2440, 50271, 8836, 342, 329, 14, 53, 452, 271, 2559, 2495, 273, 6684, 8401, 285, 15110, 13, 3340, 24964, 285, 23299, 15, 4129, 352, 11852, 253, 3998, 13, 952, 342, 329, 14, 53, 3798, 452, 2622, 390, 1029, 9260, 15, 50274, 34, 14, 53, 556, 642, 16498, 15, 21560, 942, 1537, 3157, 690, 5917, 15, 1583, 2486, 25602, 281, 17084, 253, 7026, 985, 13, 3520, 285, 6519, 4918, 13, 285, 1029, 14, 19572, 35347, 15, 50273, 13652, 41, 27, 3313, 6516, 273, 29459, 36083, 49566, 285, 659, 7292 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 329, 9292, 571, 21123, 606, 466, 291, 13411, 3736, 34, 9292, 571, 14, 43193, 606, 466, 291, 13411, 313, 34, 14, 53, 10, 310, 247, 7520, 13, 20265, 2728, 15, 733, 11852, 253, 11219, 985, 13, 7026, 985, 13, 285, 643, 2133, 2718, 15, 40561, 3056, 3176, 275, 2872, 2151, 13, 3798, 1078, 2363, 608, 15, 1583, 2486, 50271, 14, 329, 9292, 571, 428, 7596, 45415, 11438, 50274, 14, 28897, 6654, 50273, 14, 7335, 15064, 6519, 50274, 14, 48721, 13, 2502, 32850, 27394, 13, 1925, 14591, 606, 466, 291, 284, 6358, 13, 327, 253, 4808, 285, 2927, 50274, 14, 37792, 10332, 50274, 14, 6304, 19416, 3520, 285, 5615, 2440, 50271, 8836, 342, 329, 14, 53, 452, 271, 2559, 2495, 273, 6684, 8401, 285, 15110, 13, 3340, 24964, 285, 23299, 15, 4129, 352, 11852, 253, 3998, 13, 952, 342, 329, 14, 53, 3798, 452, 2622, 390, 1029, 9260, 15, 50274, 34, 14, 53, 556, 642, 16498, 15, 21560, 942, 1537, 3157, 690, 5917, 15, 1583, 2486, 25602, 281, 17084, 253, 7026, 985, 13, 3520, 285, 6519, 4918, 13, 285, 1029, 14, 19572, 35347, 15, 50273, 13652, 41, 27, 3313, 6516, 273, 29459, 36083, 49566, 285, 659, 7292 ]
Is Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
[ 2513, 19423, 507, 4742, 14, 49, 438, 77, 518, 9237, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 19423, 507, 4742, 14, 49, 438, 77, 518, 9237, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
What are the treatments for Neurofibromatosis type 1 ?
How might neurofibromatosis type 1 be treated? The treatment of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person. There is currently no way to prevent or stop the growth of the tumors associated with NF1. Neurofibromas located on or just below the skin that are disfiguring or irritating may be surgically removed. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are generally treated with complete surgical excision (when possible) although some cases may require the addition of chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Most optic gliomas associated with NF1 do not cause any symptoms and therefore, do not require treatment; however, optic gliomas that threaten vision may be treated with surgery and/or chemotherapy. Surgery may also be recommended to correct some of the bone malformations (such as scoliosis) associated with NF1. GeneReview's Web site offers more specific information regarding the treatment and management of NF1. Please click on the link to access this resource.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 22054, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 3736, 2347, 1537, 6551, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 320, 4127, 32, 380, 1971, 273, 6551, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 313, 8016, 18, 10, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15, 1707, 310, 4390, 642, 1039, 281, 3657, 390, 3523, 253, 3116, 273, 253, 8837, 2330, 342, 14100, 18, 15, 22054, 36240, 409, 284, 4441, 327, 390, 816, 2708, 253, 4808, 326, 403, 557, 926, 981, 390, 17339, 839, 778, 320, 49958, 5176, 15, 5979, 45806, 10844, 11083, 30334, 8837, 403, 3839, 4127, 342, 3426, 9205, 35845, 313, 9453, 1896, 10, 3738, 690, 2219, 778, 2430, 253, 1635, 273, 13215, 285, 16, 263, 7742, 4918, 15, 5595, 26961, 16439, 4921, 2330, 342, 14100, 18, 513, 417, 2847, 667, 5917, 285, 3103, 13, 513, 417, 2430, 1971, 28, 2299, 13, 26961, 16439, 4921, 326, 29138, 8113, 778, 320, 4127, 342, 5869, 285, 16, 263, 13215, 15, 34621, 778, 671, 320, 8521, 281, 3451, 690, 273, 253, 5961, 4691, 44837, 313, 10328, 347, 660, 10424, 2433, 10, 2330, 342, 14100, 18, 15, 15763, 18658, 434, 7066, 2670, 6131, 625, 2173, 1491, 5001, 253, 1971, 285, 4323, 273, 14100, 18, 15, 7764, 5532, 327, 253, 3048, 281, 2289, 436, 7741, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 22054, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 3736, 2347, 1537, 6551, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 320, 4127, 32, 380, 1971, 273, 6551, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 313, 8016, 18, 10, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15, 1707, 310, 4390, 642, 1039, 281, 3657, 390, 3523, 253, 3116, 273, 253, 8837, 2330, 342, 14100, 18, 15, 22054, 36240, 409, 284, 4441, 327, 390, 816, 2708, 253, 4808, 326, 403, 557, 926, 981, 390, 17339, 839, 778, 320, 49958, 5176, 15, 5979, 45806, 10844, 11083, 30334, 8837, 403, 3839, 4127, 342, 3426, 9205, 35845, 313, 9453, 1896, 10, 3738, 690, 2219, 778, 2430, 253, 1635, 273, 13215, 285, 16, 263, 7742, 4918, 15, 5595, 26961, 16439, 4921, 2330, 342, 14100, 18, 513, 417, 2847, 667, 5917, 285, 3103, 13, 513, 417, 2430, 1971, 28, 2299, 13, 26961, 16439, 4921, 326, 29138, 8113, 778, 320, 4127, 342, 5869, 285, 16, 263, 13215, 15, 34621, 778, 671, 320, 8521, 281, 3451, 690, 273, 253, 5961, 4691, 44837, 313, 10328, 347, 660, 10424, 2433, 10, 2330, 342, 14100, 18, 15, 15763, 18658, 434, 7066, 2670, 6131, 625, 2173, 1491, 5001, 253, 1971, 285, 4323, 273, 14100, 18, 15, 7764, 5532, 327, 253, 3048, 281, 2289, 436, 7741, 15 ]
What are the treatments for familial hyperaldosteronism ?
These resources address the diagnosis or management of familial hyperaldosteronism: - Genetic Testing Registry: Familial hyperaldosteronism type 1 - Genetic Testing Registry: Familial hyperaldosteronism type 3 - Hormone Health Network: A Patient's Guide: Primary Hyperaldosteronism - International Registry for Glucocorticoid-Remediable Aldosteronism - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Aldosterone These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 36490, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 36490, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 27, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 401, 34206, 451, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 401, 34206, 451, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 495, 50276, 14, 388, 526, 531, 4775, 10701, 27, 329, 23410, 434, 16398, 27, 20988, 25411, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 50276, 14, 5625, 38227, 323, 4051, 1028, 35612, 1238, 14, 8494, 264, 6051, 19811, 7337, 251, 1204, 50276, 14, 3050, 1282, 25263, 43338, 27, 19811, 20535, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 36490, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 36490, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 27, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 401, 34206, 451, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 337, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 401, 34206, 451, 4373, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 1511, 495, 50276, 14, 388, 526, 531, 4775, 10701, 27, 329, 23410, 434, 16398, 27, 20988, 25411, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 50276, 14, 5625, 38227, 323, 4051, 1028, 35612, 1238, 14, 8494, 264, 6051, 19811, 7337, 251, 1204, 50276, 14, 3050, 1282, 25263, 43338, 27, 19811, 20535, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
What is (are) MYH-associated polyposis ?
MYH-associated polyposis is an inherited condition characterized by the development of multiple adenomatous colon polyps and an increased risk of colorectal cancer. This condition, a milder form of familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), is sometimes called autosomal recessive familial adenomatous polyposis because it is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. People with this condition have fewer polyps than those with the classic type of FAP; fewer than 100 polyps typically develop, rather than hundreds or thousands. They may also be at increased risk for upper gastrointestinal polyps. MYH-associated polyposis is caused by mutations in the MYH gene.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 17450, 41, 14, 12534, 3488, 993, 261, 3736, 19805, 41, 14, 12534, 3488, 993, 261, 310, 271, 20265, 1617, 7943, 407, 253, 2440, 273, 2709, 12067, 16692, 528, 6769, 3488, 793, 285, 271, 2559, 2495, 273, 23878, 2923, 15, 831, 1617, 13, 247, 2301, 491, 830, 273, 36490, 12067, 16692, 528, 3488, 993, 261, 313, 39, 2088, 582, 310, 4536, 1925, 48981, 24096, 422, 36490, 12067, 16692, 528, 3488, 993, 261, 984, 352, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 11184, 3488, 793, 685, 1110, 342, 253, 10610, 1511, 273, 401, 2088, 28, 11184, 685, 2233, 3488, 793, 5431, 1287, 13, 2581, 685, 8307, 390, 6763, 15, 1583, 778, 671, 320, 387, 2559, 2495, 323, 5170, 22496, 3488, 793, 15, 17450, 41, 14, 12534, 3488, 993, 261, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 17450, 41, 3320, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 17450, 41, 14, 12534, 3488, 993, 261, 3736, 19805, 41, 14, 12534, 3488, 993, 261, 310, 271, 20265, 1617, 7943, 407, 253, 2440, 273, 2709, 12067, 16692, 528, 6769, 3488, 793, 285, 271, 2559, 2495, 273, 23878, 2923, 15, 831, 1617, 13, 247, 2301, 491, 830, 273, 36490, 12067, 16692, 528, 3488, 993, 261, 313, 39, 2088, 582, 310, 4536, 1925, 48981, 24096, 422, 36490, 12067, 16692, 528, 3488, 993, 261, 984, 352, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 11184, 3488, 793, 685, 1110, 342, 253, 10610, 1511, 273, 401, 2088, 28, 11184, 685, 2233, 3488, 793, 5431, 1287, 13, 2581, 685, 8307, 390, 6763, 15, 1583, 778, 671, 320, 387, 2559, 2495, 323, 5170, 22496, 3488, 793, 15, 17450, 41, 14, 12534, 3488, 993, 261, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 17450, 41, 3320, 15 ]
What are the genetic changes related to factor X deficiency ?
The inherited form of factor X deficiency, known as congenital factor X deficiency, is caused by mutations in the F10 gene, which provides instructions for making a protein called coagulation factor X. This protein plays a critical role in the coagulation system, which is a series of chemical reactions that forms blood clots in response to injury. Some F10 gene mutations that cause factor X deficiency reduce the amount of coagulation factor X in the bloodstream, resulting in a form of the disorder called type I. Other F10 gene mutations result in the production of a coagulation factor X protein with impaired function, leading to type II factor X deficiency. Reduced quantity or function of coagulation factor X prevents blood from clotting normally, causing episodes of abnormal bleeding that can be severe. A non-inherited form of the disorder, called acquired factor X deficiency, is more common than the congenital form. Acquired factor X deficiency can be caused by other disorders such as severe liver disease or systemic amyloidosis, a condition involving the accumulation of abnormal proteins called amyloids. Acquired factor X deficiency can also be caused by certain drugs such as medicines that prevent clotting, or by a deficiency of vitamin K.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 2803, 1594, 14384, 3736, 510, 20265, 830, 273, 2803, 1594, 14384, 13, 1929, 347, 28296, 2803, 1594, 14384, 13, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 401, 740, 3320, 13, 534, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 1925, 35881, 2803, 1594, 15, 831, 2601, 7120, 247, 4619, 2554, 275, 253, 35881, 985, 13, 534, 310, 247, 2962, 273, 5793, 9969, 326, 4948, 2614, 502, 1502, 275, 2380, 281, 4975, 15, 3808, 401, 740, 3320, 9197, 326, 2847, 2803, 1594, 14384, 4796, 253, 2408, 273, 35881, 2803, 1594, 275, 253, 2614, 4963, 13, 4795, 275, 247, 830, 273, 253, 8984, 1925, 1511, 309, 15, 5131, 401, 740, 3320, 9197, 906, 275, 253, 3275, 273, 247, 35881, 2803, 1594, 2601, 342, 15506, 1159, 13, 4283, 281, 1511, 3719, 2803, 1594, 14384, 15, 4410, 5504, 10671, 390, 1159, 273, 35881, 2803, 1594, 16897, 2614, 432, 31301, 1076, 9403, 13, 8479, 13305, 273, 10969, 14771, 326, 476, 320, 5460, 15, 50276, 34, 1327, 14, 27040, 959, 830, 273, 253, 8984, 13, 1925, 9288, 2803, 1594, 14384, 13, 310, 625, 1846, 685, 253, 28296, 830, 15, 5192, 17050, 2803, 1594, 14384, 476, 320, 4269, 407, 643, 9360, 824, 347, 5460, 6728, 2728, 390, 13407, 30593, 2433, 13, 247, 1617, 7668, 253, 12037, 273, 10969, 4324, 1925, 24672, 9448, 15, 5192, 17050, 2803, 1594, 14384, 476, 671, 320, 4269, 407, 2176, 5835, 824, 347, 26114, 326, 3657, 31301, 1076, 13, 390, 407, 247, 14384, 273, 14590, 611, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 2803, 1594, 14384, 3736, 510, 20265, 830, 273, 2803, 1594, 14384, 13, 1929, 347, 28296, 2803, 1594, 14384, 13, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 401, 740, 3320, 13, 534, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 1925, 35881, 2803, 1594, 15, 831, 2601, 7120, 247, 4619, 2554, 275, 253, 35881, 985, 13, 534, 310, 247, 2962, 273, 5793, 9969, 326, 4948, 2614, 502, 1502, 275, 2380, 281, 4975, 15, 3808, 401, 740, 3320, 9197, 326, 2847, 2803, 1594, 14384, 4796, 253, 2408, 273, 35881, 2803, 1594, 275, 253, 2614, 4963, 13, 4795, 275, 247, 830, 273, 253, 8984, 1925, 1511, 309, 15, 5131, 401, 740, 3320, 9197, 906, 275, 253, 3275, 273, 247, 35881, 2803, 1594, 2601, 342, 15506, 1159, 13, 4283, 281, 1511, 3719, 2803, 1594, 14384, 15, 4410, 5504, 10671, 390, 1159, 273, 35881, 2803, 1594, 16897, 2614, 432, 31301, 1076, 9403, 13, 8479, 13305, 273, 10969, 14771, 326, 476, 320, 5460, 15, 50276, 34, 1327, 14, 27040, 959, 830, 273, 253, 8984, 13, 1925, 9288, 2803, 1594, 14384, 13, 310, 625, 1846, 685, 253, 28296, 830, 15, 5192, 17050, 2803, 1594, 14384, 476, 320, 4269, 407, 643, 9360, 824, 347, 5460, 6728, 2728, 390, 13407, 30593, 2433, 13, 247, 1617, 7668, 253, 12037, 273, 10969, 4324, 1925, 24672, 9448, 15, 5192, 17050, 2803, 1594, 14384, 476, 671, 320, 4269, 407, 2176, 5835, 824, 347, 26114, 326, 3657, 31301, 1076, 13, 390, 407, 247, 14384, 273, 14590, 611, 15 ]
What are the genetic changes related to Frasier syndrome ?
Mutations in the WT1 gene cause Frasier syndrome. The WT1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that regulates the activity of other genes by attaching (binding) to specific regions of DNA. On the basis of this action, the WT1 protein is called a transcription factor. The WT1 protein plays a role in the development of the kidneys and gonads (ovaries in females and testes in males) before birth. The WT1 gene mutations that cause Frasier syndrome lead to the production of a protein with an impaired ability to control gene activity and regulate the development of the kidneys and reproductive organs, resulting in the signs and symptoms of Frasier syndrome. Frasier syndrome has features similar to another condition called Denys-Drash syndrome, which is also caused by mutations in the WT1 gene. Because these two conditions share a genetic cause and have overlapping features, some researchers have suggested that they are part of a spectrum and not two distinct conditions.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 3736, 31135, 569, 275, 253, 12020, 18, 3320, 2847, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 15, 380, 12020, 18, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 23123, 253, 2425, 273, 643, 3608, 407, 36976, 313, 13018, 10, 281, 2173, 4811, 273, 3882, 15, 1623, 253, 3720, 273, 436, 2250, 13, 253, 12020, 18, 2601, 310, 1925, 247, 9464, 2803, 15, 380, 12020, 18, 2601, 7120, 247, 2554, 275, 253, 2440, 273, 253, 33193, 285, 26087, 6594, 313, 729, 3927, 275, 10753, 285, 1071, 265, 275, 10798, 10, 1078, 4201, 15, 50276, 510, 12020, 18, 3320, 9197, 326, 2847, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 1421, 281, 253, 3275, 273, 247, 2601, 342, 271, 15506, 3745, 281, 1453, 3320, 2425, 285, 14368, 253, 2440, 273, 253, 33193, 285, 19448, 15384, 13, 4795, 275, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 15, 50276, 4604, 284, 1321, 9237, 556, 3386, 2074, 281, 1529, 1617, 1925, 7682, 656, 14, 9034, 1225, 9237, 13, 534, 310, 671, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 12020, 18, 3320, 15, 4923, 841, 767, 2515, 3894, 247, 6380, 2847, 285, 452, 21481, 3386, 13, 690, 8607, 452, 5125, 326, 597, 403, 629, 273, 247, 6637, 285, 417, 767, 5799, 2515, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 3736, 31135, 569, 275, 253, 12020, 18, 3320, 2847, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 15, 380, 12020, 18, 3320, 3400, 7997, 323, 2403, 247, 2601, 326, 23123, 253, 2425, 273, 643, 3608, 407, 36976, 313, 13018, 10, 281, 2173, 4811, 273, 3882, 15, 1623, 253, 3720, 273, 436, 2250, 13, 253, 12020, 18, 2601, 310, 1925, 247, 9464, 2803, 15, 380, 12020, 18, 2601, 7120, 247, 2554, 275, 253, 2440, 273, 253, 33193, 285, 26087, 6594, 313, 729, 3927, 275, 10753, 285, 1071, 265, 275, 10798, 10, 1078, 4201, 15, 50276, 510, 12020, 18, 3320, 9197, 326, 2847, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 1421, 281, 253, 3275, 273, 247, 2601, 342, 271, 15506, 3745, 281, 1453, 3320, 2425, 285, 14368, 253, 2440, 273, 253, 33193, 285, 19448, 15384, 13, 4795, 275, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 1879, 284, 1321, 9237, 15, 50276, 4604, 284, 1321, 9237, 556, 3386, 2074, 281, 1529, 1617, 1925, 7682, 656, 14, 9034, 1225, 9237, 13, 534, 310, 671, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 12020, 18, 3320, 15, 4923, 841, 767, 2515, 3894, 247, 6380, 2847, 285, 452, 21481, 3386, 13, 690, 8607, 452, 5125, 326, 597, 403, 629, 273, 247, 6637, 285, 417, 767, 5799, 2515, 15 ]
What is (are) Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome ?
Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome is a disorder that affects development of the limbs, head, and face. The features of this syndrome are highly variable, ranging from very mild to severe. People with this condition typically have one or more extra fingers or toes (polydactyly) or an abnormally wide thumb or big toe (hallux). The skin between the fingers and toes may be fused (cutaneous syndactyly). This disorder is also characterized by widely spaced eyes (ocular hypertelorism), an abnormally large head size (macrocephaly), and a high, prominent forehead. Rarely, affected individuals may have more serious medical problems including seizures, developmental delay, and intellectual disability.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 13729, 304, 48814, 44289, 1362, 69, 514, 90, 314, 9237, 3736, 37680, 304, 48814, 44289, 1362, 69, 514, 90, 314, 9237, 310, 247, 8984, 326, 11852, 2440, 273, 253, 24601, 13, 1481, 13, 285, 2454, 15, 380, 3386, 273, 436, 9237, 403, 4122, 4778, 13, 12319, 432, 1077, 11134, 281, 5460, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 1617, 5431, 452, 581, 390, 625, 4465, 9881, 390, 30106, 313, 4818, 10120, 514, 90, 314, 10, 390, 271, 32459, 595, 4618, 17300, 390, 1943, 25283, 313, 24489, 2310, 481, 380, 4808, 875, 253, 9881, 285, 30106, 778, 320, 29843, 313, 20976, 7979, 514, 90, 314, 481, 831, 8984, 310, 671, 7943, 407, 7561, 26549, 2927, 313, 26292, 10781, 293, 263, 1204, 582, 271, 32459, 595, 1781, 1481, 1979, 313, 35074, 336, 545, 5242, 582, 285, 247, 1029, 13, 11906, 22977, 15, 44605, 314, 13, 5876, 4292, 778, 452, 625, 4092, 3739, 3237, 1690, 26347, 13, 16743, 5778, 13, 285, 12720, 12564, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 13729, 304, 48814, 44289, 1362, 69, 514, 90, 314, 9237, 3736, 37680, 304, 48814, 44289, 1362, 69, 514, 90, 314, 9237, 310, 247, 8984, 326, 11852, 2440, 273, 253, 24601, 13, 1481, 13, 285, 2454, 15, 380, 3386, 273, 436, 9237, 403, 4122, 4778, 13, 12319, 432, 1077, 11134, 281, 5460, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 1617, 5431, 452, 581, 390, 625, 4465, 9881, 390, 30106, 313, 4818, 10120, 514, 90, 314, 10, 390, 271, 32459, 595, 4618, 17300, 390, 1943, 25283, 313, 24489, 2310, 481, 380, 4808, 875, 253, 9881, 285, 30106, 778, 320, 29843, 313, 20976, 7979, 514, 90, 314, 481, 831, 8984, 310, 671, 7943, 407, 7561, 26549, 2927, 313, 26292, 10781, 293, 263, 1204, 582, 271, 32459, 595, 1781, 1481, 1979, 313, 35074, 336, 545, 5242, 582, 285, 247, 1029, 13, 11906, 22977, 15, 44605, 314, 13, 5876, 4292, 778, 452, 625, 4092, 3739, 3237, 1690, 26347, 13, 16743, 5778, 13, 285, 12720, 12564, 15 ]
What is (are) Skin Cancer ?
Key Points - Skin cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the skin. - There are different types of cancer that start in the skin. - Skin color and being exposed to sunlight can increase the risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis. - Nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis often appear as a change in the skin. - Tests or procedures that examine the skin are used to detect (find) and diagnose nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis. - Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. Skin cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the skin. The skin is the bodys largest organ. It protects against heat, sunlight, injury, and infection. Skin also helps control body temperature and stores water, fat, and vitamin D. The skin has several layers, but the two main layers are the epidermis (upper or outer layer) and the dermis (lower or inner layer). Skin cancer begins in the epidermis, which is made up of three kinds of cells: - Squamous cells: Thin, flat cells that form the top layer of the epidermis. - Basal cells: Round cells under the squamous cells. - Melanocytes: Cells that make melanin and are found in the lower part of the epidermis. Melanin is the pigment that gives skin its natural color. When skin is exposed to the sun, melanocytes make more pigment and cause the skin to darken. Skin cancer can occur anywhere on the body, but it is most common in skin that is often exposed to sunlight, such as the face, neck, hands, and arms. There are different types of cancer that start in the skin. The most common types are basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, which are nonmelanoma skin cancers. Nonmelanoma skin cancers rarely spread to other parts of the body. Melanoma is a much rarer type of skin cancer. It is more likely to invade nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body. Actinic keratosis is a skin condition that sometimes becomes squamous cell carcinoma. This summary is about nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis. See the following PDQ summaries for information on melanoma and other kinds of cancer that affect the skin: - Melanoma Treatment - Mycosis Fungoides and the Szary Syndrome Treatment - Kaposi Sarcoma Treatment - Merkel Cell Carcinoma Treatment - Unusual Cancers of Childhood Treatment - Genetics of Skin Cancer Nonmelanoma skin cancer and actinic keratosis often appear as a change in the skin. Not all changes in the skin are a sign of nonmelanoma skin cancer or actinic keratosis. Check with your doctor if you notice any changes in your skin. Signs of nonmelanoma skin cancer include the following: - A sore that does not heal. - Areas of the skin that are: - Raised, smooth, shiny, and look pearly. - Firm and look like a scar, and may be white, yellow, or waxy. - Raised, and red or reddish-brown. - Scaly, bleeding or crusty.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 37019, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 37019, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 4808, 15, 50274, 14, 1707, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 2923, 326, 1265, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 50273, 14, 37019, 3295, 285, 1146, 7329, 281, 23993, 476, 2572, 253, 2495, 273, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 50273, 14, 8758, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 2223, 3176, 347, 247, 1818, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 50274, 14, 32503, 390, 7259, 326, 9186, 253, 4808, 403, 908, 281, 2736, 313, 8606, 10, 285, 33901, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 50274, 14, 35110, 2616, 2818, 17102, 313, 348, 593, 273, 7355, 10, 285, 1971, 4610, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 52, 5914, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 4808, 310, 253, 18400, 656, 6253, 1963, 15, 733, 24696, 1411, 4250, 13, 23993, 13, 4975, 13, 285, 5066, 15, 37019, 671, 7729, 1453, 2133, 3276, 285, 10111, 1824, 13, 4688, 13, 285, 14590, 399, 15, 380, 4808, 556, 2067, 8090, 13, 533, 253, 767, 2022, 8090, 403, 253, 49622, 313, 23725, 390, 8346, 3828, 10, 285, 253, 23191, 261, 313, 12973, 390, 6703, 3828, 481, 37019, 2923, 9513, 275, 253, 49622, 13, 534, 310, 1160, 598, 273, 1264, 9351, 273, 1341, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 44824, 14919, 1341, 27, 596, 249, 13, 6507, 1341, 326, 830, 253, 1755, 3828, 273, 253, 49622, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 13316, 267, 1341, 27, 12778, 1341, 762, 253, 31920, 1341, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 23021, 266, 6954, 27, 15993, 326, 1056, 15063, 249, 285, 403, 1119, 275, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 49622, 15, 8359, 266, 249, 310, 253, 30448, 326, 4245, 4808, 697, 3626, 3295, 15, 2091, 4808, 310, 7329, 281, 253, 5101, 13, 15063, 6954, 1056, 625, 30448, 285, 2847, 253, 4808, 281, 3644, 257, 15, 50268, 52, 5914, 2923, 476, 2826, 9825, 327, 253, 2133, 13, 533, 352, 310, 954, 1846, 275, 4808, 326, 310, 2223, 7329, 281, 23993, 13, 824, 347, 253, 2454, 13, 7623, 13, 3564, 13, 285, 6174, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 2923, 326, 1265, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 954, 1846, 3510, 403, 15919, 894, 12382, 285, 31920, 894, 12382, 13, 534, 403, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 15110, 15, 8758, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 15110, 11766, 5195, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 8359, 266, 3691, 310, 247, 1199, 1218, 6554, 1511, 273, 4808, 2923, 15, 733, 310, 625, 2779, 281, 42879, 10151, 7944, 285, 5195, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 3162, 17841, 20017, 41272, 310, 247, 4808, 1617, 326, 4536, 4916, 31920, 894, 12382, 15, 50275, 1552, 6010, 310, 670, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 2594, 253, 1563, 6442, 50, 14568, 3927, 323, 1491, 327, 22835, 285, 643, 9351, 273, 2923, 326, 2818, 253, 4808, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 23021, 266, 3691, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 37538, 2433, 401, 1947, 34910, 285, 253, 28918, 552, 39365, 17012, 50273, 14, 50275, 44, 522, 21221, 9997, 18187, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 46, 9314, 293, 11641, 2639, 5620, 3691, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 2447, 45580, 330, 13342, 273, 8347, 3639, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 7475, 11665, 273, 37019, 13877, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 11592, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 2223, 3176, 347, 247, 1818, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 3650, 512, 2544, 275, 253, 4808, 403, 247, 861, 273, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 390, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 9423, 342, 634, 7345, 604, 368, 4366, 667, 2544, 275, 634, 4808, 15, 50274, 11212, 84, 273, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 329, 25132, 326, 1057, 417, 20658, 15, 50274, 14, 46653, 273, 253, 4808, 326, 403, 27, 50263, 14, 11605, 1701, 13, 6032, 13, 30006, 13, 285, 1007, 268, 18579, 15, 50271, 14, 38541, 285, 1007, 751, 247, 12689, 13, 285, 778, 320, 3168, 13, 8862, 13, 390, 259, 17445, 15, 50272, 14, 11605, 1701, 13, 285, 2502, 390, 28159, 763, 14, 33167, 15, 50271, 14, 19866, 90, 13, 14771, 390, 23396, 90, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 37019, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 37019, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 4808, 15, 50274, 14, 1707, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 2923, 326, 1265, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 50273, 14, 37019, 3295, 285, 1146, 7329, 281, 23993, 476, 2572, 253, 2495, 273, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 50273, 14, 8758, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 2223, 3176, 347, 247, 1818, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 50274, 14, 32503, 390, 7259, 326, 9186, 253, 4808, 403, 908, 281, 2736, 313, 8606, 10, 285, 33901, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 50274, 14, 35110, 2616, 2818, 17102, 313, 348, 593, 273, 7355, 10, 285, 1971, 4610, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 52, 5914, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 4808, 310, 253, 18400, 656, 6253, 1963, 15, 733, 24696, 1411, 4250, 13, 23993, 13, 4975, 13, 285, 5066, 15, 37019, 671, 7729, 1453, 2133, 3276, 285, 10111, 1824, 13, 4688, 13, 285, 14590, 399, 15, 380, 4808, 556, 2067, 8090, 13, 533, 253, 767, 2022, 8090, 403, 253, 49622, 313, 23725, 390, 8346, 3828, 10, 285, 253, 23191, 261, 313, 12973, 390, 6703, 3828, 481, 37019, 2923, 9513, 275, 253, 49622, 13, 534, 310, 1160, 598, 273, 1264, 9351, 273, 1341, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 44824, 14919, 1341, 27, 596, 249, 13, 6507, 1341, 326, 830, 253, 1755, 3828, 273, 253, 49622, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 13316, 267, 1341, 27, 12778, 1341, 762, 253, 31920, 1341, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 23021, 266, 6954, 27, 15993, 326, 1056, 15063, 249, 285, 403, 1119, 275, 253, 2406, 629, 273, 253, 49622, 15, 8359, 266, 249, 310, 253, 30448, 326, 4245, 4808, 697, 3626, 3295, 15, 2091, 4808, 310, 7329, 281, 253, 5101, 13, 15063, 6954, 1056, 625, 30448, 285, 2847, 253, 4808, 281, 3644, 257, 15, 50268, 52, 5914, 2923, 476, 2826, 9825, 327, 253, 2133, 13, 533, 352, 310, 954, 1846, 275, 4808, 326, 310, 2223, 7329, 281, 23993, 13, 824, 347, 253, 2454, 13, 7623, 13, 3564, 13, 285, 6174, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 1027, 3510, 273, 2923, 326, 1265, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 954, 1846, 3510, 403, 15919, 894, 12382, 285, 31920, 894, 12382, 13, 534, 403, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 15110, 15, 8758, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 15110, 11766, 5195, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 8359, 266, 3691, 310, 247, 1199, 1218, 6554, 1511, 273, 4808, 2923, 15, 733, 310, 625, 2779, 281, 42879, 10151, 7944, 285, 5195, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 3162, 17841, 20017, 41272, 310, 247, 4808, 1617, 326, 4536, 4916, 31920, 894, 12382, 15, 50275, 1552, 6010, 310, 670, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 2594, 253, 1563, 6442, 50, 14568, 3927, 323, 1491, 327, 22835, 285, 643, 9351, 273, 2923, 326, 2818, 253, 4808, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 23021, 266, 3691, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 37538, 2433, 401, 1947, 34910, 285, 253, 28918, 552, 39365, 17012, 50273, 14, 50275, 44, 522, 21221, 9997, 18187, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 46, 9314, 293, 11641, 2639, 5620, 3691, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 2447, 45580, 330, 13342, 273, 8347, 3639, 17012, 50273, 14, 50276, 7475, 11665, 273, 37019, 13877, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 11592, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 285, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 2223, 3176, 347, 247, 1818, 275, 253, 4808, 15, 187, 50258, 3650, 512, 2544, 275, 253, 4808, 403, 247, 861, 273, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 390, 769, 17841, 20017, 41272, 15, 9423, 342, 634, 7345, 604, 368, 4366, 667, 2544, 275, 634, 4808, 15, 50274, 11212, 84, 273, 1327, 18683, 266, 3691, 4808, 2923, 2486, 253, 1563, 27, 50269, 14, 329, 25132, 326, 1057, 417, 20658, 15, 50274, 14, 46653, 273, 253, 4808, 326, 403, 27, 50263, 14, 11605, 1701, 13, 6032, 13, 30006, 13, 285, 1007, 268, 18579, 15, 50271, 14, 38541, 285, 1007, 751, 247, 12689, 13, 285, 778, 320, 3168, 13, 8862, 13, 390, 259, 17445, 15, 50272, 14, 11605, 1701, 13, 285, 2502, 390, 28159, 763, 14, 33167, 15, 50271, 14, 19866, 90, 13, 14771, 390, 23396, 90, 15 ]
What are the treatments for Glass-Chapman-Hockley syndrome ?
How might Glass-Chapman-Hockley syndrome be treated? Surgery is typically the treatment for craniosynostosis and is based on the person's specific signs and symptoms. The goal is to increase the space in the front (anterior) part of the skull. The operation is usually performed when the person is between 9 to 12 months of age. If other sutures, other than the coronal suture, are involved, other surgeries may be performed.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 23219, 14, 45885, 1342, 14, 41, 825, 2205, 9237, 3736, 2347, 1537, 23219, 14, 45885, 1342, 14, 41, 825, 2205, 9237, 320, 4127, 32, 34621, 310, 5431, 253, 1971, 323, 29358, 3783, 1362, 493, 2433, 285, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 1436, 434, 2173, 7871, 285, 5917, 15, 380, 4736, 310, 281, 2572, 253, 2317, 275, 253, 2914, 313, 266, 9085, 10, 629, 273, 253, 19567, 15, 380, 4254, 310, 3798, 2684, 672, 253, 1436, 310, 875, 898, 281, 1249, 2607, 273, 2363, 15, 1310, 643, 35339, 980, 13, 643, 685, 253, 40054, 40036, 13, 403, 3206, 13, 643, 37966, 778, 320, 2684, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 23219, 14, 45885, 1342, 14, 41, 825, 2205, 9237, 3736, 2347, 1537, 23219, 14, 45885, 1342, 14, 41, 825, 2205, 9237, 320, 4127, 32, 34621, 310, 5431, 253, 1971, 323, 29358, 3783, 1362, 493, 2433, 285, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 1436, 434, 2173, 7871, 285, 5917, 15, 380, 4736, 310, 281, 2572, 253, 2317, 275, 253, 2914, 313, 266, 9085, 10, 629, 273, 253, 19567, 15, 380, 4254, 310, 3798, 2684, 672, 253, 1436, 310, 875, 898, 281, 1249, 2607, 273, 2363, 15, 1310, 643, 35339, 980, 13, 643, 685, 253, 40054, 40036, 13, 403, 3206, 13, 643, 37966, 778, 320, 2684, 15 ]
Is episodic ataxia inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder. In some cases, an affected person inherits the mutation from one affected parent. Other cases result from new mutations in the gene and occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family.
[ 2513, 6314, 23329, 387, 991, 571, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 12059, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 310, 4209, 281, 2847, 253, 8984, 15, 50276, 688, 690, 2219, 13, 271, 5876, 1436, 10958, 953, 253, 10577, 432, 581, 5876, 2885, 15, 5131, 2219, 906, 432, 747, 9197, 275, 253, 3320, 285, 2826, 275, 952, 342, 642, 2892, 273, 253, 8984, 275, 616, 2021, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 6314, 23329, 387, 991, 571, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 12059, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 310, 4209, 281, 2847, 253, 8984, 15, 50276, 688, 690, 2219, 13, 271, 5876, 1436, 10958, 953, 253, 10577, 432, 581, 5876, 2885, 15, 5131, 2219, 906, 432, 747, 9197, 275, 253, 3320, 285, 2826, 275, 952, 342, 642, 2892, 273, 253, 8984, 275, 616, 2021, 15 ]
What are the genetic changes related to trisomy 18 ?
Most cases of trisomy 18 result from having three copies of chromosome 18 in each cell in the body instead of the usual two copies. The extra genetic material disrupts the normal course of development, causing the characteristic features of trisomy 18. Approximately 5 percent of people with trisomy 18 have an extra copy of chromosome 18 in only some of the body's cells. In these people, the condition is called mosaic trisomy 18. The severity of mosaic trisomy 18 depends on the type and number of cells that have the extra chromosome. The development of individuals with this form of trisomy 18 may range from normal to severely affected. Very rarely, part of the long (q) arm of chromosome 18 becomes attached (translocated) to another chromosome during the formation of reproductive cells (eggs and sperm) or very early in embryonic development. Affected individuals have two copies of chromosome 18, plus the extra material from chromosome 18 attached to another chromosome. People with this genetic change are said to have partial trisomy 18. If only part of the q arm is present in three copies, the physical signs of partial trisomy 18 may be less severe than those typically seen in trisomy 18. If the entire q arm is present in three copies, individuals may be as severely affected as if they had three full copies of chromosome 18.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 3736, 10342, 2219, 273, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 906, 432, 1907, 1264, 10125, 273, 15406, 1283, 275, 1016, 894, 275, 253, 2133, 3185, 273, 253, 7312, 767, 10125, 15, 380, 4465, 6380, 2144, 13201, 84, 253, 2622, 2282, 273, 2440, 13, 8479, 253, 8847, 3386, 273, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 50276, 30305, 21026, 608, 2558, 273, 952, 342, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 452, 271, 4465, 3491, 273, 15406, 1283, 275, 760, 690, 273, 253, 2133, 434, 1341, 15, 496, 841, 952, 13, 253, 1617, 310, 1925, 37997, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 380, 12147, 273, 37997, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 7024, 327, 253, 1511, 285, 1180, 273, 1341, 326, 452, 253, 4465, 15406, 15, 380, 2440, 273, 4292, 342, 436, 830, 273, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 778, 2491, 432, 2622, 281, 18270, 5876, 15, 50276, 17534, 11766, 13, 629, 273, 253, 1048, 313, 82, 10, 4430, 273, 15406, 1283, 4916, 7660, 313, 3675, 46033, 10, 281, 1529, 15406, 1309, 253, 4702, 273, 19448, 1341, 313, 909, 5943, 285, 20903, 10, 390, 1077, 2393, 275, 24022, 2440, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 452, 767, 10125, 273, 15406, 1283, 13, 5043, 253, 4465, 2144, 432, 15406, 1283, 7660, 281, 1529, 15406, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 6380, 1818, 403, 753, 281, 452, 7898, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 1310, 760, 629, 273, 253, 2805, 4430, 310, 1246, 275, 1264, 10125, 13, 253, 3520, 7871, 273, 7898, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 778, 320, 1679, 5460, 685, 1110, 5431, 2326, 275, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 1310, 253, 2862, 2805, 4430, 310, 1246, 275, 1264, 10125, 13, 4292, 778, 320, 347, 18270, 5876, 347, 604, 597, 574, 1264, 2120, 10125, 273, 15406, 1283, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 6380, 2544, 2905, 281, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 3736, 10342, 2219, 273, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 906, 432, 1907, 1264, 10125, 273, 15406, 1283, 275, 1016, 894, 275, 253, 2133, 3185, 273, 253, 7312, 767, 10125, 15, 380, 4465, 6380, 2144, 13201, 84, 253, 2622, 2282, 273, 2440, 13, 8479, 253, 8847, 3386, 273, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 50276, 30305, 21026, 608, 2558, 273, 952, 342, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 452, 271, 4465, 3491, 273, 15406, 1283, 275, 760, 690, 273, 253, 2133, 434, 1341, 15, 496, 841, 952, 13, 253, 1617, 310, 1925, 37997, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 380, 12147, 273, 37997, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 7024, 327, 253, 1511, 285, 1180, 273, 1341, 326, 452, 253, 4465, 15406, 15, 380, 2440, 273, 4292, 342, 436, 830, 273, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 778, 2491, 432, 2622, 281, 18270, 5876, 15, 50276, 17534, 11766, 13, 629, 273, 253, 1048, 313, 82, 10, 4430, 273, 15406, 1283, 4916, 7660, 313, 3675, 46033, 10, 281, 1529, 15406, 1309, 253, 4702, 273, 19448, 1341, 313, 909, 5943, 285, 20903, 10, 390, 1077, 2393, 275, 24022, 2440, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 452, 767, 10125, 273, 15406, 1283, 13, 5043, 253, 4465, 2144, 432, 15406, 1283, 7660, 281, 1529, 15406, 15, 6491, 342, 436, 6380, 1818, 403, 753, 281, 452, 7898, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 1310, 760, 629, 273, 253, 2805, 4430, 310, 1246, 275, 1264, 10125, 13, 253, 3520, 7871, 273, 7898, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 778, 320, 1679, 5460, 685, 1110, 5431, 2326, 275, 492, 261, 4182, 1283, 15, 1310, 253, 2862, 2805, 4430, 310, 1246, 275, 1264, 10125, 13, 4292, 778, 320, 347, 18270, 5876, 347, 604, 597, 574, 1264, 2120, 10125, 273, 15406, 1283, 15 ]
What are the treatments for Mitochondrial genetic disorders ?
How might mitochondrial genetic disorders be treated? Treatment for mitochondrial genetic disorders varies significantly based on the specific type of condition and the signs and symptoms present in each person. The primary aim of treatment is to alleviate symptoms and slow the progression of the condition. For example, a variety of vitamins and other supplements have been used to treat people affected by mitochondrial conditions with varying degrees of success. Other examples of possible interventions include medications to treat diabetes mellitus, surgery for cataracts, and cochlear implantation for hearing loss. For more general information about the treatment of mitochondrial genetic disorders, please visit GeneReviews.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 12799, 9217, 3760, 6380, 9360, 3736, 2347, 1537, 13227, 6380, 9360, 320, 4127, 32, 17012, 323, 13227, 6380, 9360, 16149, 3012, 1754, 327, 253, 2173, 1511, 273, 1617, 285, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15, 380, 3625, 4388, 273, 1971, 310, 281, 33623, 5917, 285, 3468, 253, 10005, 273, 253, 1617, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 5235, 273, 35347, 285, 643, 26434, 452, 644, 908, 281, 1555, 952, 5876, 407, 13227, 2515, 342, 11962, 7759, 273, 2323, 15, 5131, 6667, 273, 1896, 12214, 2486, 16940, 281, 1555, 8401, 27000, 13, 5869, 323, 39957, 10719, 13, 285, 48751, 274, 24365, 323, 4854, 2957, 15, 1198, 625, 2087, 1491, 670, 253, 1971, 273, 13227, 6380, 9360, 13, 4496, 4143, 15763, 18658, 84, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 12799, 9217, 3760, 6380, 9360, 3736, 2347, 1537, 13227, 6380, 9360, 320, 4127, 32, 17012, 323, 13227, 6380, 9360, 16149, 3012, 1754, 327, 253, 2173, 1511, 273, 1617, 285, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15, 380, 3625, 4388, 273, 1971, 310, 281, 33623, 5917, 285, 3468, 253, 10005, 273, 253, 1617, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 5235, 273, 35347, 285, 643, 26434, 452, 644, 908, 281, 1555, 952, 5876, 407, 13227, 2515, 342, 11962, 7759, 273, 2323, 15, 5131, 6667, 273, 1896, 12214, 2486, 16940, 281, 1555, 8401, 27000, 13, 5869, 323, 39957, 10719, 13, 285, 48751, 274, 24365, 323, 4854, 2957, 15, 1198, 625, 2087, 1491, 670, 253, 1971, 273, 13227, 6380, 9360, 13, 4496, 4143, 15763, 18658, 84, 15 ]
Is Light chain deposition disease inherited ?
Is light chain deposition disease a genetic/inheritable disease? Currently, we are not aware of inherited genes or genetic factors that would increase a persons risk for developing light chain deposition disease. You can read more about risk factors for multiple myeloma and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance at the following links to the MayoClinic.com Website. Multiple myeloma risk factors: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/multiple-myeloma/DS00415/DSECTION=risk-factors Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance risk factors: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/multiple-myeloma/DS00415/DSECTION=risk-factors
[ 2513, 10315, 5931, 12503, 2728, 20265, 3736, 2513, 1708, 5931, 12503, 2728, 247, 6380, 16, 27040, 7116, 2728, 32, 19728, 13, 359, 403, 417, 6600, 273, 20265, 3608, 390, 6380, 2616, 326, 651, 2572, 247, 7732, 2495, 323, 6684, 1708, 5931, 12503, 2728, 15, 1422, 476, 1239, 625, 670, 2495, 2616, 323, 2709, 16203, 3691, 285, 22592, 305, 3681, 15819, 273, 3807, 15769, 8453, 387, 253, 1563, 4859, 281, 253, 42870, 2019, 17841, 15, 681, 25729, 15, 20815, 16203, 3691, 2495, 2616, 27, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 11159, 406, 3642, 280, 15, 681, 16, 15356, 16, 34263, 14, 2577, 293, 3691, 16, 5942, 5525, 1010, 16, 37, 2354, 8286, 30, 16272, 14, 41586, 4200, 21137, 305, 3681, 15819, 273, 3807, 15769, 8453, 2495, 2616, 27, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 11159, 406, 3642, 280, 15, 681, 16, 15356, 16, 34263, 14, 2577, 293, 3691, 16, 5942, 5525, 1010, 16, 37, 2354, 8286, 30, 16272, 14, 41586 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 10315, 5931, 12503, 2728, 20265, 3736, 2513, 1708, 5931, 12503, 2728, 247, 6380, 16, 27040, 7116, 2728, 32, 19728, 13, 359, 403, 417, 6600, 273, 20265, 3608, 390, 6380, 2616, 326, 651, 2572, 247, 7732, 2495, 323, 6684, 1708, 5931, 12503, 2728, 15, 1422, 476, 1239, 625, 670, 2495, 2616, 323, 2709, 16203, 3691, 285, 22592, 305, 3681, 15819, 273, 3807, 15769, 8453, 387, 253, 1563, 4859, 281, 253, 42870, 2019, 17841, 15, 681, 25729, 15, 20815, 16203, 3691, 2495, 2616, 27, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 11159, 406, 3642, 280, 15, 681, 16, 15356, 16, 34263, 14, 2577, 293, 3691, 16, 5942, 5525, 1010, 16, 37, 2354, 8286, 30, 16272, 14, 41586, 4200, 21137, 305, 3681, 15819, 273, 3807, 15769, 8453, 2495, 2616, 27, 3944, 1358, 2700, 15, 11159, 406, 3642, 280, 15, 681, 16, 15356, 16, 34263, 14, 2577, 293, 3691, 16, 5942, 5525, 1010, 16, 37, 2354, 8286, 30, 16272, 14, 41586 ]
What are the symptoms of Carney triad ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Carney triad? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Carney triad. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abdominal pain 90% Diarrhea 90% Gastrointestinal hemorrhage 90% Nausea and vomiting 90% Neoplasm of the lung 90% Neoplasm of the stomach 90% Neuroendocrine neoplasm 90% Sarcoma 90% Abnormality of the liver 50% Abnormality of the mediastinum 50% Ascites 50% Hypercortisolism 50% Anemia 7.5% Anorexia 7.5% Arrhythmia 7.5% Hypertension 7.5% Lymphadenopathy 7.5% Migraine 7.5% The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 2639, 2191, 1195, 324, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 2639, 2191, 1195, 324, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 2639, 2191, 1195, 324, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 43405, 3075, 5091, 6, 6129, 28487, 5091, 6, 443, 24157, 19850, 30415, 5091, 6, 427, 766, 66, 285, 33510, 5091, 6, 3532, 11690, 273, 253, 6400, 5091, 6, 3532, 11690, 273, 253, 12607, 5091, 6, 22054, 423, 21959, 425, 11690, 5091, 6, 9997, 18187, 5091, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 6728, 2456, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 12069, 505, 249, 360, 2456, 6, 33420, 3254, 2456, 6, 25411, 68, 430, 18762, 1204, 2456, 6, 743, 9512, 818, 15, 22, 6, 743, 410, 36592, 818, 15, 22, 6, 1780, 83, 14292, 571, 818, 15, 22, 6, 8305, 8292, 2452, 818, 15, 22, 6, 49684, 12670, 15819, 818, 15, 22, 6, 26269, 12737, 818, 15, 22, 6, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 2639, 2191, 1195, 324, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 2639, 2191, 1195, 324, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 2639, 2191, 1195, 324, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 43405, 3075, 5091, 6, 6129, 28487, 5091, 6, 443, 24157, 19850, 30415, 5091, 6, 427, 766, 66, 285, 33510, 5091, 6, 3532, 11690, 273, 253, 6400, 5091, 6, 3532, 11690, 273, 253, 12607, 5091, 6, 22054, 423, 21959, 425, 11690, 5091, 6, 9997, 18187, 5091, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 6728, 2456, 6, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 12069, 505, 249, 360, 2456, 6, 33420, 3254, 2456, 6, 25411, 68, 430, 18762, 1204, 2456, 6, 743, 9512, 818, 15, 22, 6, 743, 410, 36592, 818, 15, 22, 6, 1780, 83, 14292, 571, 818, 15, 22, 6, 8305, 8292, 2452, 818, 15, 22, 6, 49684, 12670, 15819, 818, 15, 22, 6, 26269, 12737, 818, 15, 22, 6, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What is (are) Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus ?
Transient neonatal diabetes mellitus (TNDB) is a type of diabetes that appears within the first few weeks of life but is transient; affected infants go into remission within a few months, with possible relapse to permanent diabetes in adolescence or adulthood. Affected individuals have slow growth before birth followed by hyperglycemia, dehydration and failure to thrive in infancy. Approximately 70% of cases are caused by the overactivity of certain genes in a region of the long (q) arm of chromosome 6 called 6q24. These cases are referred to as 6q24-related TNDB; most (but not all) of these cases are not inherited. Other genetic causes include mutations in the KCNJ11 and ABCC8 genes, which usually cause permanent neonatal diabetes. Treatment may include rehydration and intravenous insulin at the time of diagnosis, followed by subcutaneous insulin.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 4480, 850, 25239, 8401, 27000, 3736, 6189, 850, 25239, 8401, 27000, 313, 53, 6577, 35, 10, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 8401, 326, 4620, 1561, 253, 806, 1643, 3618, 273, 1495, 533, 310, 15550, 28, 5876, 15330, 564, 715, 31701, 1561, 247, 1643, 2607, 13, 342, 1896, 28524, 281, 9928, 8401, 275, 43570, 390, 33428, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 452, 3468, 3116, 1078, 4201, 3560, 407, 43525, 27942, 13, 45115, 285, 4433, 281, 34298, 275, 42986, 15, 36242, 5571, 6, 273, 2219, 403, 4269, 407, 253, 689, 12135, 273, 2176, 3608, 275, 247, 2919, 273, 253, 1048, 313, 82, 10, 4430, 273, 15406, 721, 1925, 721, 82, 1348, 15, 2053, 2219, 403, 6289, 281, 347, 721, 82, 1348, 14, 4919, 308, 6577, 35, 28, 954, 313, 2858, 417, 512, 10, 273, 841, 2219, 403, 417, 20265, 15, 5131, 6380, 5997, 2486, 9197, 275, 253, 611, 14546, 43, 883, 285, 12056, 2648, 25, 3608, 13, 534, 3798, 2847, 9928, 25239, 8401, 15, 17012, 778, 2486, 294, 37249, 285, 23803, 9442, 387, 253, 673, 273, 6120, 13, 3560, 407, 31967, 9442, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 4480, 850, 25239, 8401, 27000, 3736, 6189, 850, 25239, 8401, 27000, 313, 53, 6577, 35, 10, 310, 247, 1511, 273, 8401, 326, 4620, 1561, 253, 806, 1643, 3618, 273, 1495, 533, 310, 15550, 28, 5876, 15330, 564, 715, 31701, 1561, 247, 1643, 2607, 13, 342, 1896, 28524, 281, 9928, 8401, 275, 43570, 390, 33428, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 452, 3468, 3116, 1078, 4201, 3560, 407, 43525, 27942, 13, 45115, 285, 4433, 281, 34298, 275, 42986, 15, 36242, 5571, 6, 273, 2219, 403, 4269, 407, 253, 689, 12135, 273, 2176, 3608, 275, 247, 2919, 273, 253, 1048, 313, 82, 10, 4430, 273, 15406, 721, 1925, 721, 82, 1348, 15, 2053, 2219, 403, 6289, 281, 347, 721, 82, 1348, 14, 4919, 308, 6577, 35, 28, 954, 313, 2858, 417, 512, 10, 273, 841, 2219, 403, 417, 20265, 15, 5131, 6380, 5997, 2486, 9197, 275, 253, 611, 14546, 43, 883, 285, 12056, 2648, 25, 3608, 13, 534, 3798, 2847, 9928, 25239, 8401, 15, 17012, 778, 2486, 294, 37249, 285, 23803, 9442, 387, 253, 673, 273, 6120, 13, 3560, 407, 31967, 9442, 15 ]
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Laryngeal Cancer ?
New types of treatment are being tested in clinical trials. This summary section describes treatments that are being studied in clinical trials. It may not mention every new treatment being studied. Information about clinical trials is available from the NCI Web site. Chemoprevention Chemoprevention is the use of drugs, vitamins, or other substances to reduce the risk of developing cancer or to reduce the risk cancer will recur (come back). The drug isotretinoin is being studied to prevent the development of a second cancer in patients who have had cancer of the head or neck. Radiosensitizers Radiosensitizers are drugs that make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy. Combining radiation therapy with radiosensitizers may kill more tumor cells. Patients may want to think about taking part in a clinical trial. For some patients, taking part in a clinical trial may be the best treatment choice. Clinical trials are part of the cancer research process. Clinical trials are done to find out if new cancer treatments are safe and effective or better than the standard treatment. Many of today's standard treatments for cancer are based on earlier clinical trials. Patients who take part in a clinical trial may receive the standard treatment or be among the first to receive a new treatment. Patients who take part in clinical trials also help improve the way cancer will be treated in the future. Even when clinical trials do not lead to effective new treatments, they often answer important questions and help move research forward. Patients can enter clinical trials before, during, or after starting their cancer treatment. Some clinical trials only include patients who have not yet received treatment. Other trials test treatments for patients whose cancer has not gotten better. There are also clinical trials that test new ways to stop cancer from recurring (coming back) or reduce the side effects of cancer treatment. Clinical trials are taking place in many parts of the country. See the Treatment Options section that follows for links to current treatment clinical trials. These have been retrieved from NCI's listing of clinical trials.
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 418, 28643, 13877, 3736, 4257, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50258, 1552, 6010, 2593, 8631, 9694, 326, 403, 1146, 5421, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 733, 778, 417, 3748, 1046, 747, 1971, 1146, 5421, 15, 8339, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 7066, 2670, 15, 50273, 29845, 412, 250, 4053, 50273, 29845, 412, 250, 4053, 310, 253, 897, 273, 5835, 13, 35347, 13, 390, 643, 15991, 281, 4796, 253, 2495, 273, 6684, 2923, 390, 281, 4796, 253, 2495, 2923, 588, 11896, 313, 3188, 896, 481, 380, 2854, 14539, 1221, 2610, 249, 310, 1146, 5421, 281, 3657, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 1273, 2923, 275, 1363, 665, 452, 574, 2923, 273, 253, 1481, 390, 7623, 15, 50270, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 50273, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 403, 5835, 326, 1056, 4502, 1341, 625, 7996, 281, 7742, 4918, 15, 39369, 7742, 4918, 342, 40908, 33761, 14460, 778, 5159, 625, 4502, 1341, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 187, 50258, 2214, 690, 1363, 13, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 320, 253, 1682, 1971, 4327, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 629, 273, 253, 2923, 2561, 1232, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 747, 2923, 9694, 403, 4999, 285, 3576, 390, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 50275, 10195, 273, 3063, 434, 2629, 9694, 323, 2923, 403, 1754, 327, 4321, 3382, 7587, 15, 12493, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 4763, 253, 2629, 1971, 390, 320, 2190, 253, 806, 281, 4763, 247, 747, 1971, 15, 50275, 29139, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 3382, 7587, 671, 1361, 3157, 253, 1039, 2923, 588, 320, 4127, 275, 253, 2852, 15, 4952, 672, 3382, 7587, 513, 417, 1421, 281, 3576, 747, 9694, 13, 597, 2223, 3662, 1774, 3533, 285, 1361, 2118, 2561, 3579, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 3382, 7587, 760, 2486, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 2568, 2959, 1971, 15, 5131, 7587, 1071, 9694, 323, 1363, 3692, 2923, 556, 417, 12759, 1805, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 3382, 7587, 326, 1071, 747, 4088, 281, 3523, 2923, 432, 36108, 313, 4202, 896, 10, 390, 4796, 253, 1930, 2538, 273, 2923, 1971, 15, 50275, 30466, 7587, 403, 3192, 1659, 275, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 2594, 253, 17012, 27921, 2593, 326, 3637, 323, 4859, 281, 1655, 1971, 3382, 7587, 15, 2053, 452, 644, 22111, 432, 427, 7142, 434, 16485, 273, 3382, 7587, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 418, 28643, 13877, 3736, 4257, 3510, 273, 1971, 403, 1146, 5762, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 187, 50258, 1552, 6010, 2593, 8631, 9694, 326, 403, 1146, 5421, 275, 3382, 7587, 15, 733, 778, 417, 3748, 1046, 747, 1971, 1146, 5421, 15, 8339, 670, 3382, 7587, 310, 2130, 432, 253, 427, 7142, 7066, 2670, 15, 50273, 29845, 412, 250, 4053, 50273, 29845, 412, 250, 4053, 310, 253, 897, 273, 5835, 13, 35347, 13, 390, 643, 15991, 281, 4796, 253, 2495, 273, 6684, 2923, 390, 281, 4796, 253, 2495, 2923, 588, 11896, 313, 3188, 896, 481, 380, 2854, 14539, 1221, 2610, 249, 310, 1146, 5421, 281, 3657, 253, 2440, 273, 247, 1273, 2923, 275, 1363, 665, 452, 574, 2923, 273, 253, 1481, 390, 7623, 15, 50270, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 50273, 13021, 3783, 33761, 14460, 403, 5835, 326, 1056, 4502, 1341, 625, 7996, 281, 7742, 4918, 15, 39369, 7742, 4918, 342, 40908, 33761, 14460, 778, 5159, 625, 4502, 1341, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 778, 971, 281, 1158, 670, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 15, 187, 50258, 2214, 690, 1363, 13, 3192, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 320, 253, 1682, 1971, 4327, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 629, 273, 253, 2923, 2561, 1232, 15, 15022, 7587, 403, 2218, 281, 1089, 562, 604, 747, 2923, 9694, 403, 4999, 285, 3576, 390, 1805, 685, 253, 2629, 1971, 15, 50275, 10195, 273, 3063, 434, 2629, 9694, 323, 2923, 403, 1754, 327, 4321, 3382, 7587, 15, 12493, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 247, 3382, 2332, 778, 4763, 253, 2629, 1971, 390, 320, 2190, 253, 806, 281, 4763, 247, 747, 1971, 15, 50275, 29139, 665, 1379, 629, 275, 3382, 7587, 671, 1361, 3157, 253, 1039, 2923, 588, 320, 4127, 275, 253, 2852, 15, 4952, 672, 3382, 7587, 513, 417, 1421, 281, 3576, 747, 9694, 13, 597, 2223, 3662, 1774, 3533, 285, 1361, 2118, 2561, 3579, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 29139, 476, 4901, 3382, 7587, 1078, 13, 1309, 13, 390, 846, 4983, 616, 2923, 1971, 15, 187, 50258, 6080, 3382, 7587, 760, 2486, 1363, 665, 452, 417, 2568, 2959, 1971, 15, 5131, 7587, 1071, 9694, 323, 1363, 3692, 2923, 556, 417, 12759, 1805, 15, 1707, 403, 671, 3382, 7587, 326, 1071, 747, 4088, 281, 3523, 2923, 432, 36108, 313, 4202, 896, 10, 390, 4796, 253, 1930, 2538, 273, 2923, 1971, 15, 50275, 30466, 7587, 403, 3192, 1659, 275, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2586, 15, 2594, 253, 17012, 27921, 2593, 326, 3637, 323, 4859, 281, 1655, 1971, 3382, 7587, 15, 2053, 452, 644, 22111, 432, 427, 7142, 434, 16485, 273, 3382, 7587, 15 ]
What are the treatments for Vasculitis Syndromes of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems ?
Treatment for a vasculitis syndrome depends upon the specific diagnosis, which can be difficult, as some diseases have similar symptoms of vasculitis. Most of the syndromes respond well to steroid drugs, such as prednisolone. Some may also require treatment with an immunosuppressive drug, such as cyclophosphamide. Aneurysms involved with vasculitis can be treated surgfically.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 27818, 1291, 5895, 31181, 37361, 273, 253, 8170, 285, 3545, 41762, 427, 677, 528, 13869, 3736, 40189, 323, 247, 35244, 5895, 9237, 7024, 2220, 253, 2173, 6120, 13, 534, 476, 320, 2834, 13, 347, 690, 6578, 452, 2074, 5917, 273, 35244, 5895, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 41413, 3794, 973, 281, 28972, 5835, 13, 824, 347, 2063, 79, 18762, 531, 15, 3808, 778, 671, 2430, 1971, 342, 271, 45169, 2854, 13, 824, 347, 6776, 25982, 15320, 15, 329, 32167, 656, 983, 3206, 342, 35244, 5895, 476, 320, 4127, 8622, 71, 1037, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 27818, 1291, 5895, 31181, 37361, 273, 253, 8170, 285, 3545, 41762, 427, 677, 528, 13869, 3736, 40189, 323, 247, 35244, 5895, 9237, 7024, 2220, 253, 2173, 6120, 13, 534, 476, 320, 2834, 13, 347, 690, 6578, 452, 2074, 5917, 273, 35244, 5895, 15, 5595, 273, 253, 41413, 3794, 973, 281, 28972, 5835, 13, 824, 347, 2063, 79, 18762, 531, 15, 3808, 778, 671, 2430, 1971, 342, 271, 45169, 2854, 13, 824, 347, 6776, 25982, 15320, 15, 329, 32167, 656, 983, 3206, 342, 35244, 5895, 476, 320, 4127, 8622, 71, 1037, 15 ]
How to prevent Osteoporosis ?
Preventing falls is a special concern for men and women with osteoporosis. Falls can increase the likelihood of fracturing a bone in the hip, wrist, spine, or other part of the skeleton. In addition to the environmental factors listed below, falls can also be caused by impaired vision or balance, chronic diseases that affect mental or physical functioning, and certain medications, such as sedatives and antidepressants. It is also important that individuals with osteoporosis be aware of any physical changes that affect their balance or gait, and that they discuss these changes with their health care provider. Here are some tips to help eliminate the environmental factors that lead to falls. Outdoors: - Use a cane or walker for added stability. - Wear rubber-soled shoes for traction. - Walk on grass when sidewalks are slippery. - In winter, carry salt or kitty litter to sprinkle on slippery sidewalks. - Be careful on highly polished floors that become slick and dangerous when wet. - Use plastic or carpet runners when possible. Use a cane or walker for added stability. Wear rubber-soled shoes for traction. Walk on grass when sidewalks are slippery. In winter, carry salt or kitty litter to sprinkle on slippery sidewalks. Be careful on highly polished floors that become slick and dangerous when wet. Use plastic or carpet runners when possible. Indoors: - Keep rooms free of clutter, especially on floors. - Keep floor surfaces smooth but not slippery. - Wear supportive, low-heeled shoes even at home. - Avoid walking in socks, stockings, or slippers. - Be sure carpets and area rugs have skid-proof backing or are tacked to the floor. - Be sure stairwells are well lit and that stairs have handrails on both sides. - Install grab bars on bathroom walls near tub, shower, and toilet. - Use a rubber bath mat in shower or tub. - Keep a flashlight with fresh batteries beside your bed. - If using a step stool for hard-to-reach areas, use a sturdy one with a handrail and wide steps. - Add ceiling fixtures to rooms lit by lamps. - Consider purchasing a cordless phone so that you dont have to rush to answer the phone when it rings, or so that you can call for help if you do fall. Keep rooms free of clutter, especially on floors. Keep floor surfaces smooth but not slippery. Wear supportive, low-heeled shoes even at home. Avoid walking in socks, stockings, or slippers. Be sure carpets and area rugs have skid-proof backing or are tacked to the floor. Be sure stairwells are well lit and that stairs have handrails on both sides. Install grab bars on bathroom walls near tub, shower, and toilet. Use a rubber bath mat in shower or tub. Keep a flashlight with fresh batteries beside your bed. If using a step stool for hard-to-reach areas, use a sturdy one with a handrail and wide steps. Add ceiling fixtures to rooms lit by lamps. Consider purchasing a cordless phone so that you dont have to rush to answer the phone when it rings, or so that you can call for help if you do fall. Learn more about devices that can help prevent falls in older adults.
[ 2347, 281, 3657, 49000, 29606, 2433, 3736, 7420, 2254, 272, 11521, 310, 247, 2714, 4468, 323, 1821, 285, 2255, 342, 39292, 15, 24618, 476, 2572, 253, 12177, 273, 10232, 981, 247, 5961, 275, 253, 13290, 13, 20051, 13, 17201, 13, 390, 643, 629, 273, 253, 29564, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 253, 6938, 2616, 7117, 2708, 13, 11521, 476, 671, 320, 4269, 407, 15506, 8113, 390, 6654, 13, 6722, 6578, 326, 2818, 6255, 390, 3520, 15415, 13, 285, 2176, 16940, 13, 824, 347, 9043, 3993, 285, 33950, 1103, 15, 733, 310, 671, 1774, 326, 4292, 342, 39292, 320, 6600, 273, 667, 3520, 2544, 326, 2818, 616, 6654, 390, 31262, 13, 285, 326, 597, 2319, 841, 2544, 342, 616, 1786, 1557, 11716, 15, 3856, 403, 690, 12192, 281, 1361, 13469, 253, 6938, 2616, 326, 1421, 281, 11521, 15, 50276, 5677, 26695, 27, 428, 7890, 247, 37747, 390, 2940, 254, 323, 2879, 7882, 15, 50275, 14, 411, 613, 17023, 14, 18989, 264, 12682, 323, 32535, 15, 50276, 14, 11255, 327, 10583, 672, 1930, 45547, 403, 46903, 15, 50276, 14, 496, 8986, 13, 4459, 7043, 390, 6119, 555, 30653, 281, 47865, 327, 46903, 1930, 45547, 15, 50276, 14, 2325, 10182, 327, 4122, 29422, 23467, 326, 2489, 38514, 285, 8312, 672, 9685, 15, 50276, 14, 7890, 8013, 390, 23656, 30451, 672, 1896, 15, 7890, 247, 37747, 390, 2940, 254, 323, 2879, 7882, 15, 411, 613, 17023, 14, 18989, 264, 12682, 323, 32535, 15, 11255, 327, 10583, 672, 1930, 45547, 403, 46903, 15, 496, 8986, 13, 4459, 7043, 390, 6119, 555, 30653, 281, 47865, 327, 46903, 1930, 45547, 15, 2325, 10182, 327, 4122, 29422, 23467, 326, 2489, 38514, 285, 8312, 672, 9685, 15, 7890, 8013, 390, 23656, 30451, 672, 1896, 15, 50276, 688, 26695, 27, 428, 50276, 19515, 9956, 1959, 273, 502, 12216, 13, 3340, 327, 23467, 15, 50275, 14, 16600, 5254, 9421, 6032, 533, 417, 46903, 15, 50276, 14, 411, 613, 23384, 13, 1698, 14, 248, 17371, 12682, 1014, 387, 1728, 15, 50276, 14, 36308, 7824, 275, 33957, 13, 5739, 723, 13, 390, 12031, 13906, 15, 50276, 14, 2325, 2119, 26918, 1507, 285, 2170, 16051, 84, 452, 1629, 301, 14, 16314, 19673, 390, 403, 11463, 264, 281, 253, 5254, 15, 50276, 14, 2325, 2119, 22298, 4714, 84, 403, 973, 6195, 285, 326, 16303, 452, 1133, 40451, 327, 1097, 7123, 15, 50276, 14, 28771, 10013, 8965, 327, 15336, 8099, 2822, 6985, 13, 16846, 13, 285, 21487, 15, 50276, 14, 7890, 247, 17023, 8158, 1111, 275, 16846, 390, 6985, 15, 50276, 14, 16600, 247, 10299, 3243, 342, 5352, 19978, 12200, 634, 3722, 15, 50276, 14, 1310, 970, 247, 3213, 32217, 323, 1892, 14, 936, 14, 21943, 3672, 13, 897, 247, 41789, 581, 342, 247, 1133, 38017, 285, 4618, 5018, 15, 50276, 14, 5733, 16720, 38511, 281, 9956, 6195, 407, 30161, 15, 50276, 14, 11680, 21016, 247, 12045, 1417, 4481, 594, 326, 368, 13414, 452, 281, 16949, 281, 3662, 253, 4481, 672, 352, 14445, 13, 390, 594, 326, 368, 476, 1067, 323, 1361, 604, 368, 513, 2965, 15, 16600, 9956, 1959, 273, 502, 12216, 13, 3340, 327, 23467, 15, 16600, 5254, 9421, 6032, 533, 417, 46903, 15, 411, 613, 23384, 13, 1698, 14, 248, 17371, 12682, 1014, 387, 1728, 15, 36308, 7824, 275, 33957, 13, 5739, 723, 13, 390, 12031, 13906, 15, 2325, 2119, 26918, 1507, 285, 2170, 16051, 84, 452, 1629, 301, 14, 16314, 19673, 390, 403, 11463, 264, 281, 253, 5254, 15, 2325, 2119, 22298, 4714, 84, 403, 973, 6195, 285, 326, 16303, 452, 1133, 40451, 327, 1097, 7123, 15, 28771, 10013, 8965, 327, 15336, 8099, 2822, 6985, 13, 16846, 13, 285, 21487, 15, 7890, 247, 17023, 8158, 1111, 275, 16846, 390, 6985, 15, 16600, 247, 10299, 3243, 342, 5352, 19978, 12200, 634, 3722, 15, 1310, 970, 247, 3213, 32217, 323, 1892, 14, 936, 14, 21943, 3672, 13, 897, 247, 41789, 581, 342, 247, 1133, 38017, 285, 4618, 5018, 15, 5733, 16720, 38511, 281, 9956, 6195, 407, 30161, 15, 11680, 21016, 247, 12045, 1417, 4481, 594, 326, 368, 13414, 452, 281, 16949, 281, 3662, 253, 4481, 672, 352, 14445, 13, 390, 594, 326, 368, 476, 1067, 323, 1361, 604, 368, 513, 2965, 15, 26779, 625, 670, 4095, 326, 476, 1361, 3657, 11521, 275, 5662, 7747, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 3657, 49000, 29606, 2433, 3736, 7420, 2254, 272, 11521, 310, 247, 2714, 4468, 323, 1821, 285, 2255, 342, 39292, 15, 24618, 476, 2572, 253, 12177, 273, 10232, 981, 247, 5961, 275, 253, 13290, 13, 20051, 13, 17201, 13, 390, 643, 629, 273, 253, 29564, 15, 496, 1635, 281, 253, 6938, 2616, 7117, 2708, 13, 11521, 476, 671, 320, 4269, 407, 15506, 8113, 390, 6654, 13, 6722, 6578, 326, 2818, 6255, 390, 3520, 15415, 13, 285, 2176, 16940, 13, 824, 347, 9043, 3993, 285, 33950, 1103, 15, 733, 310, 671, 1774, 326, 4292, 342, 39292, 320, 6600, 273, 667, 3520, 2544, 326, 2818, 616, 6654, 390, 31262, 13, 285, 326, 597, 2319, 841, 2544, 342, 616, 1786, 1557, 11716, 15, 3856, 403, 690, 12192, 281, 1361, 13469, 253, 6938, 2616, 326, 1421, 281, 11521, 15, 50276, 5677, 26695, 27, 428, 7890, 247, 37747, 390, 2940, 254, 323, 2879, 7882, 15, 50275, 14, 411, 613, 17023, 14, 18989, 264, 12682, 323, 32535, 15, 50276, 14, 11255, 327, 10583, 672, 1930, 45547, 403, 46903, 15, 50276, 14, 496, 8986, 13, 4459, 7043, 390, 6119, 555, 30653, 281, 47865, 327, 46903, 1930, 45547, 15, 50276, 14, 2325, 10182, 327, 4122, 29422, 23467, 326, 2489, 38514, 285, 8312, 672, 9685, 15, 50276, 14, 7890, 8013, 390, 23656, 30451, 672, 1896, 15, 7890, 247, 37747, 390, 2940, 254, 323, 2879, 7882, 15, 411, 613, 17023, 14, 18989, 264, 12682, 323, 32535, 15, 11255, 327, 10583, 672, 1930, 45547, 403, 46903, 15, 496, 8986, 13, 4459, 7043, 390, 6119, 555, 30653, 281, 47865, 327, 46903, 1930, 45547, 15, 2325, 10182, 327, 4122, 29422, 23467, 326, 2489, 38514, 285, 8312, 672, 9685, 15, 7890, 8013, 390, 23656, 30451, 672, 1896, 15, 50276, 688, 26695, 27, 428, 50276, 19515, 9956, 1959, 273, 502, 12216, 13, 3340, 327, 23467, 15, 50275, 14, 16600, 5254, 9421, 6032, 533, 417, 46903, 15, 50276, 14, 411, 613, 23384, 13, 1698, 14, 248, 17371, 12682, 1014, 387, 1728, 15, 50276, 14, 36308, 7824, 275, 33957, 13, 5739, 723, 13, 390, 12031, 13906, 15, 50276, 14, 2325, 2119, 26918, 1507, 285, 2170, 16051, 84, 452, 1629, 301, 14, 16314, 19673, 390, 403, 11463, 264, 281, 253, 5254, 15, 50276, 14, 2325, 2119, 22298, 4714, 84, 403, 973, 6195, 285, 326, 16303, 452, 1133, 40451, 327, 1097, 7123, 15, 50276, 14, 28771, 10013, 8965, 327, 15336, 8099, 2822, 6985, 13, 16846, 13, 285, 21487, 15, 50276, 14, 7890, 247, 17023, 8158, 1111, 275, 16846, 390, 6985, 15, 50276, 14, 16600, 247, 10299, 3243, 342, 5352, 19978, 12200, 634, 3722, 15, 50276, 14, 1310, 970, 247, 3213, 32217, 323, 1892, 14, 936, 14, 21943, 3672, 13, 897, 247, 41789, 581, 342, 247, 1133, 38017, 285, 4618, 5018, 15, 50276, 14, 5733, 16720, 38511, 281, 9956, 6195, 407, 30161, 15, 50276, 14, 11680, 21016, 247, 12045, 1417, 4481, 594, 326, 368, 13414, 452, 281, 16949, 281, 3662, 253, 4481, 672, 352, 14445, 13, 390, 594, 326, 368, 476, 1067, 323, 1361, 604, 368, 513, 2965, 15, 16600, 9956, 1959, 273, 502, 12216, 13, 3340, 327, 23467, 15, 16600, 5254, 9421, 6032, 533, 417, 46903, 15, 411, 613, 23384, 13, 1698, 14, 248, 17371, 12682, 1014, 387, 1728, 15, 36308, 7824, 275, 33957, 13, 5739, 723, 13, 390, 12031, 13906, 15, 2325, 2119, 26918, 1507, 285, 2170, 16051, 84, 452, 1629, 301, 14, 16314, 19673, 390, 403, 11463, 264, 281, 253, 5254, 15, 2325, 2119, 22298, 4714, 84, 403, 973, 6195, 285, 326, 16303, 452, 1133, 40451, 327, 1097, 7123, 15, 28771, 10013, 8965, 327, 15336, 8099, 2822, 6985, 13, 16846, 13, 285, 21487, 15, 7890, 247, 17023, 8158, 1111, 275, 16846, 390, 6985, 15, 16600, 247, 10299, 3243, 342, 5352, 19978, 12200, 634, 3722, 15, 1310, 970, 247, 3213, 32217, 323, 1892, 14, 936, 14, 21943, 3672, 13, 897, 247, 41789, 581, 342, 247, 1133, 38017, 285, 4618, 5018, 15, 5733, 16720, 38511, 281, 9956, 6195, 407, 30161, 15, 11680, 21016, 247, 12045, 1417, 4481, 594, 326, 368, 13414, 452, 281, 16949, 281, 3662, 253, 4481, 672, 352, 14445, 13, 390, 594, 326, 368, 476, 1067, 323, 1361, 604, 368, 513, 2965, 15, 26779, 625, 670, 4095, 326, 476, 1361, 3657, 11521, 275, 5662, 7747, 15 ]
What is (are) Spondylocostal dysostosis 1 ?
Spondylocostal dysostosis is a group of conditions characterized by abnormal development of the bones in the spine and ribs. In the spine, the vertebrae are misshapen and fused. Many people with this condition have an abnormal side-to-side curvature of the spine (scoliosis). The ribs may be fused together or missing. These bone malformations lead to short, rigid necks and short midsections. Infants with spondylocostal dysostosis have small, narrow chests that cannot fully expand. This can lead to life-threatening breathing problems. Males with this condition are at an increased risk for inguinal hernia, where the diaphragm is pushed down, causing the abdomen to bulge out. There are several types of spondylocostal dysostosis. These types have similar features and are distinguished by their genetic cause and how they are inherited. Spondylocostal dysostosis 1 is caused by mutations in the DLL3 gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive and may include respiratory support and surgery to correct inguinal hernia and scoliosis.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 2101, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 337, 3736, 6104, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 2515, 7943, 407, 10969, 2440, 273, 253, 14910, 275, 253, 17201, 285, 28061, 15, 496, 253, 17201, 13, 253, 39947, 70, 403, 2985, 73, 522, 257, 285, 29843, 15, 6676, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 271, 10969, 1930, 14, 936, 14, 2189, 16841, 273, 253, 17201, 313, 1026, 10424, 2433, 481, 380, 28061, 778, 320, 29843, 2366, 390, 5816, 15, 2053, 5961, 4691, 44837, 1421, 281, 2159, 13, 16572, 425, 6163, 285, 2159, 4260, 21454, 15, 13160, 1103, 342, 653, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 452, 1355, 13, 6891, 1161, 7752, 326, 2550, 4751, 5645, 15, 831, 476, 1421, 281, 1495, 14, 33897, 14578, 3237, 15, 353, 2339, 342, 436, 1617, 403, 387, 271, 2559, 2495, 323, 209, 5191, 989, 617, 15298, 13, 835, 253, 34622, 310, 10184, 1066, 13, 8479, 253, 30781, 281, 44218, 562, 15, 1707, 403, 2067, 3510, 273, 653, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 15, 2053, 3510, 452, 2074, 3386, 285, 403, 15622, 407, 616, 6380, 2847, 285, 849, 597, 403, 20265, 15, 50276, 6104, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 337, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 40343, 20, 3320, 15, 733, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 17012, 310, 28387, 285, 23384, 285, 778, 2486, 11900, 1329, 285, 5869, 281, 3451, 209, 5191, 989, 617, 15298, 285, 660, 10424, 2433, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 2101, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 337, 3736, 6104, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 2515, 7943, 407, 10969, 2440, 273, 253, 14910, 275, 253, 17201, 285, 28061, 15, 496, 253, 17201, 13, 253, 39947, 70, 403, 2985, 73, 522, 257, 285, 29843, 15, 6676, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 452, 271, 10969, 1930, 14, 936, 14, 2189, 16841, 273, 253, 17201, 313, 1026, 10424, 2433, 481, 380, 28061, 778, 320, 29843, 2366, 390, 5816, 15, 2053, 5961, 4691, 44837, 1421, 281, 2159, 13, 16572, 425, 6163, 285, 2159, 4260, 21454, 15, 13160, 1103, 342, 653, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 452, 1355, 13, 6891, 1161, 7752, 326, 2550, 4751, 5645, 15, 831, 476, 1421, 281, 1495, 14, 33897, 14578, 3237, 15, 353, 2339, 342, 436, 1617, 403, 387, 271, 2559, 2495, 323, 209, 5191, 989, 617, 15298, 13, 835, 253, 34622, 310, 10184, 1066, 13, 8479, 253, 30781, 281, 44218, 562, 15, 1707, 403, 2067, 3510, 273, 653, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 15, 2053, 3510, 452, 2074, 3386, 285, 403, 15622, 407, 616, 6380, 2847, 285, 849, 597, 403, 20265, 15, 50276, 6104, 857, 1190, 406, 493, 267, 7915, 493, 2433, 337, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 40343, 20, 3320, 15, 733, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 17012, 310, 28387, 285, 23384, 285, 778, 2486, 11900, 1329, 285, 5869, 281, 3451, 209, 5191, 989, 617, 15298, 285, 660, 10424, 2433, 15 ]
What is (are) Asperger syndrome ?
Asperger syndrome is a disorder on the autism spectrum, which is a group of conditions characterized by impaired communication and social interaction. Asperger syndrome is on the mild, or "high-functioning," end of the autism spectrum. Many affected individuals learn to compensate for their differences and live independent and successful lives. However, the behavioral challenges associated with this condition often lead to social isolation and difficulties at school, at work, and in personal relationships. People with Asperger syndrome have average or above-average intelligence. In contrast to people with other disorders on the autism spectrum, they are not delayed in their language development. However, their ability to carry on a conversation is often impaired by a tendency to take idioms or humorous statements literally and an inability to read non-verbal cues such as body language to understand what others are feeling. They may speak in a monotone voice, have unusual mannerisms, or choose unusual topics of conversation. Individuals with Asperger syndrome tend to develop an intense interest in a particular subject. This interest may be a traditional hobby or academic discipline, and many people with Asperger syndrome develop advanced abilities in fields such as music, science, mathematics, or computer programming. However, they might also focus on an unusual interest such as bus routes or a particular type of household appliance. Often they are able to remember enormous amounts of detail on their subject of interest. They may want to share this large amount of information with others and may resist diversion to other topics. People with Asperger syndrome tend to be rigid about their established routines and may strongly resist disruptions such as changes in schedule. They may also have difficulty tolerating sensory stimuli such as noise or lights. Other features of Asperger syndrome may include mild impairment of motor skills. For example, basic skills such as crawling and walking may be somewhat delayed. Affected individuals may also have coordination problems that impair their ability to engage in such activities as playing ball games or riding a bicycle. This physical clumsiness may lead to further social isolation of children with Asperger syndrome. Signs and symptoms of Asperger syndrome may become apparent by the age of 3, when most children begin to develop social skills such as learning to play with others. Some affected children may come to medical attention due to delayed motor skills. In most cases, children with Asperger syndrome are diagnosed during the elementary school years, as their social behavior continues to diverge from the typical developmental path. Difficulties with social skills generally continue into adulthood, and affected individuals are at increased risk of other behavioral or psychiatric disorders such as attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 3736, 1909, 468, 1063, 9237, 310, 247, 8984, 327, 253, 27734, 6637, 13, 534, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 2515, 7943, 407, 15506, 5511, 285, 2675, 5016, 15, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 310, 327, 253, 11134, 13, 390, 346, 8656, 14, 3701, 272, 937, 990, 273, 253, 27734, 6637, 15, 6676, 5876, 4292, 3037, 281, 23514, 323, 616, 3910, 285, 3153, 3907, 285, 5547, 4852, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 14613, 7881, 2330, 342, 436, 1617, 2223, 1421, 281, 2675, 12940, 285, 12748, 387, 2143, 13, 387, 789, 13, 285, 275, 3367, 7688, 15, 50276, 8836, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 452, 3388, 390, 1840, 14, 25629, 9260, 15, 496, 4499, 281, 952, 342, 643, 9360, 327, 253, 27734, 6637, 13, 597, 403, 417, 13444, 275, 616, 3448, 2440, 15, 1723, 13, 616, 3745, 281, 4459, 327, 247, 7827, 310, 2223, 15506, 407, 247, 14955, 281, 1379, 22467, 3056, 390, 1547, 11303, 7234, 12832, 285, 271, 19297, 281, 1239, 1327, 14, 332, 7187, 26638, 824, 347, 2133, 3448, 281, 2096, 752, 2571, 403, 5471, 15, 1583, 778, 3984, 275, 247, 49123, 4318, 13, 452, 11555, 5133, 3931, 13, 390, 5206, 11555, 12989, 273, 7827, 15, 50276, 38861, 84, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 5257, 281, 1287, 271, 12680, 1600, 275, 247, 1798, 2256, 15, 831, 1600, 778, 320, 247, 5899, 34057, 390, 11073, 17518, 13, 285, 1142, 952, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 1287, 7269, 15277, 275, 4910, 824, 347, 3440, 13, 5859, 13, 23065, 13, 390, 4382, 10717, 15, 1723, 13, 597, 1537, 671, 2770, 327, 271, 11555, 1600, 824, 347, 1685, 15050, 390, 247, 1798, 1511, 273, 11692, 42906, 15, 24503, 597, 403, 2104, 281, 4456, 14779, 8322, 273, 2508, 327, 616, 2256, 273, 1600, 15, 1583, 778, 971, 281, 3894, 436, 1781, 2408, 273, 1491, 342, 2571, 285, 778, 11623, 41567, 281, 643, 12989, 15, 50276, 8836, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 5257, 281, 320, 16572, 670, 616, 4232, 33255, 285, 778, 7052, 11623, 13201, 621, 824, 347, 2544, 275, 10130, 15, 1583, 778, 671, 452, 10183, 8150, 839, 17872, 15374, 824, 347, 6046, 390, 10654, 15, 50276, 8665, 3386, 273, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 778, 2486, 11134, 15151, 273, 5694, 6936, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 5044, 6936, 824, 347, 44922, 285, 7824, 778, 320, 8489, 13444, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 778, 671, 452, 19915, 3237, 326, 11490, 616, 3745, 281, 11377, 275, 824, 4712, 347, 4882, 4023, 3958, 390, 15150, 247, 25812, 15, 831, 3520, 43331, 1632, 778, 1421, 281, 2007, 2675, 12940, 273, 2151, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 15, 50276, 11212, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 778, 2489, 5165, 407, 253, 2363, 273, 495, 13, 672, 954, 2151, 3135, 281, 1287, 2675, 6936, 824, 347, 4715, 281, 1132, 342, 2571, 15, 3808, 5876, 2151, 778, 1705, 281, 3739, 4116, 1955, 281, 13444, 5694, 6936, 15, 496, 954, 2219, 13, 2151, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 403, 11245, 1309, 253, 18307, 2143, 1107, 13, 347, 616, 2675, 3879, 7788, 281, 11711, 463, 432, 253, 6867, 16743, 1854, 15, 29277, 2702, 447, 342, 2675, 6936, 3839, 4035, 715, 33428, 13, 285, 5876, 4292, 403, 387, 2559, 2495, 273, 643, 14613, 390, 19830, 9360, 824, 347, 4116, 19094, 14, 27049, 12135, 8984, 313, 2350, 10536, 582, 9454, 13, 10397, 13, 285, 37562, 422, 14, 3118, 22480, 8984, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 3736, 1909, 468, 1063, 9237, 310, 247, 8984, 327, 253, 27734, 6637, 13, 534, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 2515, 7943, 407, 15506, 5511, 285, 2675, 5016, 15, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 310, 327, 253, 11134, 13, 390, 346, 8656, 14, 3701, 272, 937, 990, 273, 253, 27734, 6637, 15, 6676, 5876, 4292, 3037, 281, 23514, 323, 616, 3910, 285, 3153, 3907, 285, 5547, 4852, 15, 1723, 13, 253, 14613, 7881, 2330, 342, 436, 1617, 2223, 1421, 281, 2675, 12940, 285, 12748, 387, 2143, 13, 387, 789, 13, 285, 275, 3367, 7688, 15, 50276, 8836, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 452, 3388, 390, 1840, 14, 25629, 9260, 15, 496, 4499, 281, 952, 342, 643, 9360, 327, 253, 27734, 6637, 13, 597, 403, 417, 13444, 275, 616, 3448, 2440, 15, 1723, 13, 616, 3745, 281, 4459, 327, 247, 7827, 310, 2223, 15506, 407, 247, 14955, 281, 1379, 22467, 3056, 390, 1547, 11303, 7234, 12832, 285, 271, 19297, 281, 1239, 1327, 14, 332, 7187, 26638, 824, 347, 2133, 3448, 281, 2096, 752, 2571, 403, 5471, 15, 1583, 778, 3984, 275, 247, 49123, 4318, 13, 452, 11555, 5133, 3931, 13, 390, 5206, 11555, 12989, 273, 7827, 15, 50276, 38861, 84, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 5257, 281, 1287, 271, 12680, 1600, 275, 247, 1798, 2256, 15, 831, 1600, 778, 320, 247, 5899, 34057, 390, 11073, 17518, 13, 285, 1142, 952, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 1287, 7269, 15277, 275, 4910, 824, 347, 3440, 13, 5859, 13, 23065, 13, 390, 4382, 10717, 15, 1723, 13, 597, 1537, 671, 2770, 327, 271, 11555, 1600, 824, 347, 1685, 15050, 390, 247, 1798, 1511, 273, 11692, 42906, 15, 24503, 597, 403, 2104, 281, 4456, 14779, 8322, 273, 2508, 327, 616, 2256, 273, 1600, 15, 1583, 778, 971, 281, 3894, 436, 1781, 2408, 273, 1491, 342, 2571, 285, 778, 11623, 41567, 281, 643, 12989, 15, 50276, 8836, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 5257, 281, 320, 16572, 670, 616, 4232, 33255, 285, 778, 7052, 11623, 13201, 621, 824, 347, 2544, 275, 10130, 15, 1583, 778, 671, 452, 10183, 8150, 839, 17872, 15374, 824, 347, 6046, 390, 10654, 15, 50276, 8665, 3386, 273, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 778, 2486, 11134, 15151, 273, 5694, 6936, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 5044, 6936, 824, 347, 44922, 285, 7824, 778, 320, 8489, 13444, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 778, 671, 452, 19915, 3237, 326, 11490, 616, 3745, 281, 11377, 275, 824, 4712, 347, 4882, 4023, 3958, 390, 15150, 247, 25812, 15, 831, 3520, 43331, 1632, 778, 1421, 281, 2007, 2675, 12940, 273, 2151, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 15, 50276, 11212, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 778, 2489, 5165, 407, 253, 2363, 273, 495, 13, 672, 954, 2151, 3135, 281, 1287, 2675, 6936, 824, 347, 4715, 281, 1132, 342, 2571, 15, 3808, 5876, 2151, 778, 1705, 281, 3739, 4116, 1955, 281, 13444, 5694, 6936, 15, 496, 954, 2219, 13, 2151, 342, 1284, 468, 1063, 9237, 403, 11245, 1309, 253, 18307, 2143, 1107, 13, 347, 616, 2675, 3879, 7788, 281, 11711, 463, 432, 253, 6867, 16743, 1854, 15, 29277, 2702, 447, 342, 2675, 6936, 3839, 4035, 715, 33428, 13, 285, 5876, 4292, 403, 387, 2559, 2495, 273, 643, 14613, 390, 19830, 9360, 824, 347, 4116, 19094, 14, 27049, 12135, 8984, 313, 2350, 10536, 582, 9454, 13, 10397, 13, 285, 37562, 422, 14, 3118, 22480, 8984, 15 ]
How many people are affected by Cornelia de Lange syndrome ?
Although the exact incidence is unknown, Cornelia de Lange syndrome likely affects 1 in 10,000 to 30,000 newborns. The condition is probably underdiagnosed because affected individuals with mild or uncommon features may never be recognized as having Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 14656, 29173, 372, 49890, 9237, 3736, 8430, 253, 3242, 9364, 310, 7202, 13, 14656, 29173, 372, 49890, 9237, 2779, 11852, 337, 275, 884, 13, 933, 281, 1884, 13, 933, 48842, 15, 380, 1617, 310, 3164, 762, 27631, 1700, 984, 5876, 4292, 342, 11134, 390, 24666, 3386, 778, 1620, 320, 7478, 347, 1907, 14656, 29173, 372, 49890, 9237, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 14656, 29173, 372, 49890, 9237, 3736, 8430, 253, 3242, 9364, 310, 7202, 13, 14656, 29173, 372, 49890, 9237, 2779, 11852, 337, 275, 884, 13, 933, 281, 1884, 13, 933, 48842, 15, 380, 1617, 310, 3164, 762, 27631, 1700, 984, 5876, 4292, 342, 11134, 390, 24666, 3386, 778, 1620, 320, 7478, 347, 1907, 14656, 29173, 372, 49890, 9237, 15 ]
What to do for Ectopic Kidney ?
#NAME?
[ 1276, 281, 513, 323, 444, 291, 6361, 26184, 2191, 3736, 4, 9536, 32 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 281, 513, 323, 444, 291, 6361, 26184, 2191, 3736, 4, 9536, 32 ]
How to diagnose Overweight and Obesity ?
The most common way to find out whether you're overweight or obese is to figure out your body mass index (BMI). BMI is an estimate of body fat, and it's a good gauge of your risk for diseases that occur with more body fat. BMI is calculated from your height and weight. You can use the chart below or the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's (NHLBI's) online BMI calculator to figure out your BMI. Or, you health care provider can measure your BMI. Body Mass Index for Adults Use this table to learn your BMI. First, find your height on the far left column. Next, move across the row to find your weight. Weight is measured with underwear but no shoes. Once you've found your weight, move to the very top of that column. This number is your BMI. This table offers a sample of BMI measurements. If you don't see your height and/or weight listed on this table, go the NHLBI's complete Body Mass Index Table. What Does Body Mass Index Mean? Although BMI can be used for most men and women, it does have some limits. It may overestimate body fat in athletes and others who have a muscular build. BMI also may underestimate body fat in older people and others who have lost muscle. Body Mass Index for Children and Teens Overweight are obesity are defined differently for children and teens than for adults. Children are still growing, and boys and girls mature at different rates. BMIs for children and teens compare their heights and weights against growth charts that take age and sex into account. This is called BMI-for-age percentile. A child or teen's BMI-for-age percentile shows how his or her BMI compares with other boys and girls of the same age. For more information about BMI-for-age and growth charts for children, go to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's BMI-for-age calculator. What Does the BMI-for-Age Percentile Mean? Waist Circumference Health care professionals also may take your waist measurement. This helps screen for the possible health risks related to overweight and obesity in adults. If you have abdominal obesity and most of your fat is around your waist rather than at your hips, you're at increased risk for coronary heart disease and type 2 diabetes. The risk goes up with a waist size that's greater than 35 inches for women or greater than 40inches for men. You also can measure your waist size. To do so correctly, stand and place a tape measure around your middle, just above your hipbones. Measure your waist just after you breathe out. Specialists Involved A primary care doctor (or pediatrician for children and teens) will assess your BMI, waist measurement, and overall health risk. If you're overweight or obese, or if you have a large waist size, your doctor should explain the health risks and find out whether you're interested and willing to lose weight. If you are, you and your doctor can work together to create a treatment plan. The plan may include weight-loss goals and treatment options that are realistic for you. Your doctor may send you to other health care specialists if you need expert care. These specialists may include: An endocrinologist if you need to be treated for type 2 diabetes or a hormone problem, such as an underactive thyroid. A registered dietitian or nutritionist to work with you on ways to change your eating habits. An exercise physiologist or trainer to figure out your level of fitness and show you how to do physical activities suitable for you. A bariatric surgeon if weight-loss surgery is an option for you. A psychiatrist, psychologist, or clinical social worker to help treat depression or stress.
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 6061, 6712, 285, 4386, 12343, 3736, 510, 954, 1846, 1039, 281, 1089, 562, 1880, 368, 1472, 26389, 390, 21967, 310, 281, 4677, 562, 634, 2133, 2280, 3605, 313, 31685, 481, 15481, 310, 271, 6642, 273, 2133, 4688, 13, 285, 352, 434, 247, 1175, 11206, 273, 634, 2495, 323, 6578, 326, 2826, 342, 625, 2133, 4688, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 31685, 310, 5118, 432, 634, 4898, 285, 2801, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 8326, 2708, 390, 253, 3313, 15382, 13, 37792, 13, 285, 14169, 6516, 434, 313, 47, 11040, 6159, 434, 10, 3909, 15481, 43906, 281, 4677, 562, 634, 15481, 15, 2207, 13, 368, 1786, 1557, 11716, 476, 2557, 634, 15481, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 15163, 7532, 13193, 323, 2006, 3628, 187, 50262, 187, 11244, 436, 2829, 281, 3037, 634, 15481, 15, 3973, 13, 1089, 634, 4898, 327, 253, 2080, 1669, 5084, 15, 10209, 13, 2118, 2439, 253, 4194, 281, 1089, 634, 2801, 15, 27021, 310, 4080, 342, 42500, 533, 642, 12682, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 10758, 368, 1849, 1119, 634, 2801, 13, 2118, 281, 253, 1077, 1755, 273, 326, 5084, 15, 831, 1180, 310, 634, 15481, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 2829, 6131, 247, 3410, 273, 15481, 6341, 15, 1310, 368, 1053, 626, 923, 634, 4898, 285, 16, 263, 2801, 7117, 327, 436, 2829, 13, 564, 253, 22037, 6159, 434, 3426, 18456, 7532, 13193, 5270, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 9876, 18456, 7532, 13193, 9601, 32, 2490, 50262, 187, 8430, 15481, 476, 320, 908, 323, 954, 1821, 285, 2255, 13, 352, 1057, 452, 690, 7787, 15, 733, 778, 35039, 2542, 2133, 4688, 275, 17812, 285, 2571, 665, 452, 247, 27602, 1973, 15, 15481, 671, 778, 45166, 2133, 4688, 275, 5662, 952, 285, 2571, 665, 452, 3663, 6616, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 15163, 7532, 13193, 323, 12757, 285, 2745, 561, 187, 50262, 187, 5279, 6712, 403, 13833, 403, 2931, 13359, 323, 2151, 285, 27517, 685, 323, 7747, 15, 12757, 403, 1335, 5675, 13, 285, 8290, 285, 6838, 14242, 387, 1027, 4142, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 8417, 2513, 323, 2151, 285, 27517, 7277, 616, 27574, 285, 13461, 1411, 3116, 19840, 326, 1379, 2363, 285, 2825, 715, 2395, 15, 831, 310, 1925, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 36384, 15, 329, 1429, 390, 11332, 434, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 36384, 2722, 849, 521, 390, 617, 15481, 26662, 342, 643, 8290, 285, 6838, 273, 253, 1072, 2363, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2214, 625, 1491, 670, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 285, 3116, 19840, 323, 2151, 13, 564, 281, 253, 33589, 323, 18742, 9175, 285, 27526, 434, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 43906, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 9876, 253, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 19711, 31396, 587, 9601, 32, 187, 50262, 187, 46725, 382, 5819, 360, 1793, 187, 50262, 187, 19895, 1557, 12440, 671, 778, 1379, 634, 18106, 6814, 15, 831, 7729, 3601, 323, 253, 1896, 1786, 10502, 2905, 281, 26389, 285, 13833, 275, 7747, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 452, 17322, 13833, 285, 954, 273, 634, 4688, 310, 1475, 634, 18106, 2581, 685, 387, 634, 29434, 13, 368, 1472, 387, 2559, 2495, 323, 14215, 2798, 2728, 285, 1511, 374, 8401, 15, 380, 2495, 4566, 598, 342, 247, 18106, 1979, 326, 434, 3687, 685, 4791, 13048, 323, 2255, 390, 3687, 685, 3387, 1763, 1041, 323, 1821, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1394, 671, 476, 2557, 634, 18106, 1979, 15, 1916, 513, 594, 9113, 13, 1462, 285, 1659, 247, 11173, 2557, 1475, 634, 4766, 13, 816, 1840, 634, 13290, 47473, 15, 22679, 634, 18106, 816, 846, 368, 23233, 562, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 22166, 1346, 17595, 5336, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 3625, 1557, 7345, 313, 263, 19170, 757, 323, 2151, 285, 27517, 10, 588, 2939, 634, 15481, 13, 18106, 6814, 13, 285, 4583, 1786, 2495, 15, 1310, 368, 1472, 26389, 390, 21967, 13, 390, 604, 368, 452, 247, 1781, 18106, 1979, 13, 634, 7345, 943, 5513, 253, 1786, 10502, 285, 1089, 562, 1880, 368, 1472, 6110, 285, 7378, 281, 7168, 2801, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 403, 13, 368, 285, 634, 7345, 476, 789, 2366, 281, 2794, 247, 1971, 2098, 15, 380, 2098, 778, 2486, 2801, 14, 18585, 7342, 285, 1971, 4610, 326, 403, 15958, 323, 368, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 778, 5007, 368, 281, 643, 1786, 1557, 27371, 604, 368, 878, 6485, 1557, 15, 2053, 27371, 778, 2486, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 1145, 990, 3131, 249, 10364, 604, 368, 878, 281, 320, 4127, 323, 1511, 374, 8401, 390, 247, 14689, 1895, 13, 824, 347, 271, 762, 4507, 17298, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9856, 6196, 34851, 390, 12461, 382, 281, 789, 342, 368, 327, 4088, 281, 1818, 634, 9123, 16964, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1145, 5763, 25258, 10364, 390, 33837, 281, 4677, 562, 634, 1268, 273, 14601, 285, 921, 368, 849, 281, 513, 3520, 4712, 7470, 323, 368, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 270, 33325, 695, 20997, 604, 2801, 14, 18585, 5869, 310, 271, 4500, 323, 368, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 39738, 13, 35085, 13, 390, 3382, 2675, 12954, 281, 1361, 1555, 9454, 390, 4073, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 6061, 6712, 285, 4386, 12343, 3736, 510, 954, 1846, 1039, 281, 1089, 562, 1880, 368, 1472, 26389, 390, 21967, 310, 281, 4677, 562, 634, 2133, 2280, 3605, 313, 31685, 481, 15481, 310, 271, 6642, 273, 2133, 4688, 13, 285, 352, 434, 247, 1175, 11206, 273, 634, 2495, 323, 6578, 326, 2826, 342, 625, 2133, 4688, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 31685, 310, 5118, 432, 634, 4898, 285, 2801, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 8326, 2708, 390, 253, 3313, 15382, 13, 37792, 13, 285, 14169, 6516, 434, 313, 47, 11040, 6159, 434, 10, 3909, 15481, 43906, 281, 4677, 562, 634, 15481, 15, 2207, 13, 368, 1786, 1557, 11716, 476, 2557, 634, 15481, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 15163, 7532, 13193, 323, 2006, 3628, 187, 50262, 187, 11244, 436, 2829, 281, 3037, 634, 15481, 15, 3973, 13, 1089, 634, 4898, 327, 253, 2080, 1669, 5084, 15, 10209, 13, 2118, 2439, 253, 4194, 281, 1089, 634, 2801, 15, 27021, 310, 4080, 342, 42500, 533, 642, 12682, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 10758, 368, 1849, 1119, 634, 2801, 13, 2118, 281, 253, 1077, 1755, 273, 326, 5084, 15, 831, 1180, 310, 634, 15481, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1552, 2829, 6131, 247, 3410, 273, 15481, 6341, 15, 1310, 368, 1053, 626, 923, 634, 4898, 285, 16, 263, 2801, 7117, 327, 436, 2829, 13, 564, 253, 22037, 6159, 434, 3426, 18456, 7532, 13193, 5270, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 9876, 18456, 7532, 13193, 9601, 32, 2490, 50262, 187, 8430, 15481, 476, 320, 908, 323, 954, 1821, 285, 2255, 13, 352, 1057, 452, 690, 7787, 15, 733, 778, 35039, 2542, 2133, 4688, 275, 17812, 285, 2571, 665, 452, 247, 27602, 1973, 15, 15481, 671, 778, 45166, 2133, 4688, 275, 5662, 952, 285, 2571, 665, 452, 3663, 6616, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 15163, 7532, 13193, 323, 12757, 285, 2745, 561, 187, 50262, 187, 5279, 6712, 403, 13833, 403, 2931, 13359, 323, 2151, 285, 27517, 685, 323, 7747, 15, 12757, 403, 1335, 5675, 13, 285, 8290, 285, 6838, 14242, 387, 1027, 4142, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 8417, 2513, 323, 2151, 285, 27517, 7277, 616, 27574, 285, 13461, 1411, 3116, 19840, 326, 1379, 2363, 285, 2825, 715, 2395, 15, 831, 310, 1925, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 36384, 15, 329, 1429, 390, 11332, 434, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 36384, 2722, 849, 521, 390, 617, 15481, 26662, 342, 643, 8290, 285, 6838, 273, 253, 1072, 2363, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2214, 625, 1491, 670, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 285, 3116, 19840, 323, 2151, 13, 564, 281, 253, 33589, 323, 18742, 9175, 285, 27526, 434, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 486, 43906, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1276, 9876, 253, 15481, 14, 1542, 14, 19711, 31396, 587, 9601, 32, 187, 50262, 187, 46725, 382, 5819, 360, 1793, 187, 50262, 187, 19895, 1557, 12440, 671, 778, 1379, 634, 18106, 6814, 15, 831, 7729, 3601, 323, 253, 1896, 1786, 10502, 2905, 281, 26389, 285, 13833, 275, 7747, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 452, 17322, 13833, 285, 954, 273, 634, 4688, 310, 1475, 634, 18106, 2581, 685, 387, 634, 29434, 13, 368, 1472, 387, 2559, 2495, 323, 14215, 2798, 2728, 285, 1511, 374, 8401, 15, 380, 2495, 4566, 598, 342, 247, 18106, 1979, 326, 434, 3687, 685, 4791, 13048, 323, 2255, 390, 3687, 685, 3387, 1763, 1041, 323, 1821, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1394, 671, 476, 2557, 634, 18106, 1979, 15, 1916, 513, 594, 9113, 13, 1462, 285, 1659, 247, 11173, 2557, 1475, 634, 4766, 13, 816, 1840, 634, 13290, 47473, 15, 22679, 634, 18106, 816, 846, 368, 23233, 562, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 22166, 1346, 17595, 5336, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 3625, 1557, 7345, 313, 263, 19170, 757, 323, 2151, 285, 27517, 10, 588, 2939, 634, 15481, 13, 18106, 6814, 13, 285, 4583, 1786, 2495, 15, 1310, 368, 1472, 26389, 390, 21967, 13, 390, 604, 368, 452, 247, 1781, 18106, 1979, 13, 634, 7345, 943, 5513, 253, 1786, 10502, 285, 1089, 562, 1880, 368, 1472, 6110, 285, 7378, 281, 7168, 2801, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 2042, 368, 403, 13, 368, 285, 634, 7345, 476, 789, 2366, 281, 2794, 247, 1971, 2098, 15, 380, 2098, 778, 2486, 2801, 14, 18585, 7342, 285, 1971, 4610, 326, 403, 15958, 323, 368, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 7093, 7345, 778, 5007, 368, 281, 643, 1786, 1557, 27371, 604, 368, 878, 6485, 1557, 15, 2053, 27371, 778, 2486, 27, 187, 50262, 187, 1145, 990, 3131, 249, 10364, 604, 368, 878, 281, 320, 4127, 323, 1511, 374, 8401, 390, 247, 14689, 1895, 13, 824, 347, 271, 762, 4507, 17298, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9856, 6196, 34851, 390, 12461, 382, 281, 789, 342, 368, 327, 4088, 281, 1818, 634, 9123, 16964, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 1145, 5763, 25258, 10364, 390, 33837, 281, 4677, 562, 634, 1268, 273, 14601, 285, 921, 368, 849, 281, 513, 3520, 4712, 7470, 323, 368, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 270, 33325, 695, 20997, 604, 2801, 14, 18585, 5869, 310, 271, 4500, 323, 368, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 39738, 13, 35085, 13, 390, 3382, 2675, 12954, 281, 1361, 1555, 9454, 390, 4073, 15 ]
What are the treatments for intrauterine growth restriction, metaphyseal dysplasia, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and genital anomalies ?
These resources address the diagnosis or management of IMAGe syndrome: - Gene Review: Gene Review: IMAGe Syndrome - Genetic Testing Registry: Intrauterine growth retardation, metaphyseal dysplasia, adrenal hypoplasia congenita, and genital anomalies - National Institutes of Health Clinical Center: Managing Adrenal Insufficiency These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 8376, 18696, 460, 3116, 12400, 13, 21543, 1994, 339, 267, 48723, 13, 33903, 3500, 4488, 13411, 24155, 5741, 13, 285, 34020, 31101, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 10744, 2696, 70, 9237, 27, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 10744, 2696, 70, 39365, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 39836, 18696, 460, 3116, 48112, 13, 21543, 1994, 339, 267, 48723, 13, 33903, 3500, 4488, 13411, 24155, 5741, 13, 285, 34020, 31101, 50276, 14, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 15022, 5197, 27, 47651, 2006, 445, 267, 496, 3467, 15412, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 8376, 18696, 460, 3116, 12400, 13, 21543, 1994, 339, 267, 48723, 13, 33903, 3500, 4488, 13411, 24155, 5741, 13, 285, 34020, 31101, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 10744, 2696, 70, 9237, 27, 50276, 14, 15763, 8439, 27, 15763, 8439, 27, 10744, 2696, 70, 39365, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 39836, 18696, 460, 3116, 48112, 13, 21543, 1994, 339, 267, 48723, 13, 33903, 3500, 4488, 13411, 24155, 5741, 13, 285, 34020, 31101, 50276, 14, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 15022, 5197, 27, 47651, 2006, 445, 267, 496, 3467, 15412, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
What are the treatments for septo-optic dysplasia ?
These resources address the diagnosis or management of septo-optic dysplasia: - Genetic Testing Registry: Septo-optic dysplasia sequence - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Growth Hormone Deficiency - MedlinePlus Encyclopedia: Hypopituitarism These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 396, 22352, 14, 37016, 48723, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 396, 22352, 14, 37016, 48723, 27, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 4005, 80, 14, 37016, 48723, 3425, 50276, 14, 3050, 1282, 25263, 43338, 27, 27219, 388, 526, 531, 3366, 24485, 50276, 14, 3050, 1282, 25263, 43338, 27, 25295, 412, 262, 36567, 1204, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 396, 22352, 14, 37016, 48723, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 396, 22352, 14, 37016, 48723, 27, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 4005, 80, 14, 37016, 48723, 3425, 50276, 14, 3050, 1282, 25263, 43338, 27, 27219, 388, 526, 531, 3366, 24485, 50276, 14, 3050, 1282, 25263, 43338, 27, 25295, 412, 262, 36567, 1204, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
What is (are) TEMPI syndrome ?
TEMPI syndrome is a newly discovered, multisystem condition named for 5 characteristics that affected individuals have: Telangiectasias, Erythrocytosis with elevated erythropoietin level, Monoclonal gammopathy, Perinephric-fluid collections (fluid around the kidney), and Intrapulmonary shunting (when a region of the lungs is supplied with blood but with little or no ventilation). Signs and symptoms of TEMPI syndrome have appeared in mid-adulthood in all known affected individuals. The telangiectasias develop mostly on the face, trunk and arms. The intrapulmonary shunt causes hypoxia (not enough oxygen supply), which slowly progresses until the person needs continuous supplemental oxygen to support their breathing. Blood clots and bleeding in the brain have also been reported in some affected individuals. The cause of TEMPI syndrome is currently unknown. Treatment has reportedly been completely or partially successful with the medication bortezomib.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 29021, 8022, 9237, 3736, 27453, 8022, 9237, 310, 247, 9841, 6888, 13, 1554, 261, 2468, 1617, 4907, 323, 608, 5319, 326, 5876, 4292, 452, 27, 21123, 606, 466, 291, 284, 6358, 13, 444, 610, 394, 13607, 85, 2433, 342, 10702, 21564, 1658, 80, 2880, 249, 1268, 13, 4200, 21137, 305, 3681, 15819, 13, 3545, 460, 545, 695, 14, 25397, 18406, 313, 25397, 1475, 253, 12333, 582, 285, 4458, 1761, 35534, 439, 17852, 313, 9453, 247, 2919, 273, 253, 18926, 310, 12164, 342, 2614, 533, 342, 1652, 390, 642, 23815, 481, 8714, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 29021, 8022, 9237, 452, 5420, 275, 4260, 14, 324, 335, 22834, 275, 512, 1929, 5876, 4292, 15, 380, 14591, 606, 466, 291, 284, 6358, 1287, 6571, 327, 253, 2454, 13, 18855, 285, 6174, 15, 380, 540, 1761, 35534, 439, 2084, 5997, 23618, 313, 1439, 2217, 7768, 6186, 582, 534, 7808, 42851, 1919, 253, 1436, 3198, 5415, 25702, 7768, 281, 1329, 616, 14578, 15, 14169, 502, 1502, 285, 14771, 275, 253, 3998, 452, 671, 644, 2361, 275, 690, 5876, 4292, 15, 380, 2847, 273, 29021, 8022, 9237, 310, 4390, 7202, 15, 17012, 556, 17324, 644, 4336, 390, 10571, 5547, 342, 253, 12358, 270, 430, 16130, 297, 487, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 29021, 8022, 9237, 3736, 27453, 8022, 9237, 310, 247, 9841, 6888, 13, 1554, 261, 2468, 1617, 4907, 323, 608, 5319, 326, 5876, 4292, 452, 27, 21123, 606, 466, 291, 284, 6358, 13, 444, 610, 394, 13607, 85, 2433, 342, 10702, 21564, 1658, 80, 2880, 249, 1268, 13, 4200, 21137, 305, 3681, 15819, 13, 3545, 460, 545, 695, 14, 25397, 18406, 313, 25397, 1475, 253, 12333, 582, 285, 4458, 1761, 35534, 439, 17852, 313, 9453, 247, 2919, 273, 253, 18926, 310, 12164, 342, 2614, 533, 342, 1652, 390, 642, 23815, 481, 8714, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 29021, 8022, 9237, 452, 5420, 275, 4260, 14, 324, 335, 22834, 275, 512, 1929, 5876, 4292, 15, 380, 14591, 606, 466, 291, 284, 6358, 1287, 6571, 327, 253, 2454, 13, 18855, 285, 6174, 15, 380, 540, 1761, 35534, 439, 2084, 5997, 23618, 313, 1439, 2217, 7768, 6186, 582, 534, 7808, 42851, 1919, 253, 1436, 3198, 5415, 25702, 7768, 281, 1329, 616, 14578, 15, 14169, 502, 1502, 285, 14771, 275, 253, 3998, 452, 671, 644, 2361, 275, 690, 5876, 4292, 15, 380, 2847, 273, 29021, 8022, 9237, 310, 4390, 7202, 15, 17012, 556, 17324, 644, 4336, 390, 10571, 5547, 342, 253, 12358, 270, 430, 16130, 297, 487, 15 ]
How to diagnose Esthesioneuroblastoma ?
How is esthesioneuroblastoma diagnosed? Diagnosis is typically obtained through clinical examination, biopsy, and MRI and CT scans.
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 8464, 1041, 6035, 1822, 31421, 3691, 3736, 2347, 310, 1144, 1041, 6035, 1822, 31421, 3691, 11245, 32, 48854, 310, 5431, 2797, 949, 3382, 8368, 13, 18323, 13, 285, 14478, 285, 7403, 20947, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 281, 33901, 8464, 1041, 6035, 1822, 31421, 3691, 3736, 2347, 310, 1144, 1041, 6035, 1822, 31421, 3691, 11245, 32, 48854, 310, 5431, 2797, 949, 3382, 8368, 13, 18323, 13, 285, 14478, 285, 7403, 20947, 15 ]
What is (are) Hennekam syndrome ?
Hennekam syndrome is a rare condition that affects the lymphatic system. Signs and symptoms of the condition are generally noticeable at birth and vary significantly from person to person, even within the same family. Affected people generally experience lymphangiectasia (lymphatic vessels that are abnormally expanded), lymphedema, and distinctive facial features (i.e. a flattened appearance to the middle of the face, puffy eyelids, widely spaced eyes, small ears, and a small mouth). Other common features include intellectual disability, growth delay, respiratory problems, camptodactyly (permanently bent fingers and toes) and cutaneous syndactyly (fusion of the skin between the fingers and toes). Hennekam syndrome is caused by changes (mutations) in the CCBE1 or FAT4 genes and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is based on the signs and symptoms present in each person.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 7099, 36869, 312, 9237, 3736, 41, 22217, 76, 312, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 1617, 326, 11852, 253, 46303, 985, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 403, 3839, 28629, 387, 4201, 285, 6889, 3012, 432, 1436, 281, 1436, 13, 1014, 1561, 253, 1072, 2021, 15, 329, 21494, 952, 3839, 2793, 6946, 606, 466, 291, 13411, 313, 48375, 1420, 12671, 326, 403, 32459, 595, 11848, 582, 298, 43768, 742, 8895, 13, 285, 21488, 17754, 3386, 313, 74, 15, 70, 15, 247, 42394, 7286, 281, 253, 4766, 273, 253, 2454, 13, 268, 26948, 32153, 2352, 13, 7561, 26549, 2927, 13, 1355, 13628, 13, 285, 247, 1355, 6208, 481, 5131, 1846, 3386, 2486, 12720, 12564, 13, 3116, 5778, 13, 11900, 3237, 13, 4049, 431, 351, 514, 90, 314, 313, 468, 1342, 1574, 16535, 9881, 285, 30106, 10, 285, 36476, 7979, 514, 90, 314, 313, 12213, 273, 253, 4808, 875, 253, 9881, 285, 30106, 481, 7099, 36869, 312, 9237, 310, 4269, 407, 2544, 313, 10082, 569, 10, 275, 253, 12992, 8998, 18, 390, 47283, 21, 3608, 285, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 17012, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 7099, 36869, 312, 9237, 3736, 41, 22217, 76, 312, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 1617, 326, 11852, 253, 46303, 985, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 403, 3839, 28629, 387, 4201, 285, 6889, 3012, 432, 1436, 281, 1436, 13, 1014, 1561, 253, 1072, 2021, 15, 329, 21494, 952, 3839, 2793, 6946, 606, 466, 291, 13411, 313, 48375, 1420, 12671, 326, 403, 32459, 595, 11848, 582, 298, 43768, 742, 8895, 13, 285, 21488, 17754, 3386, 313, 74, 15, 70, 15, 247, 42394, 7286, 281, 253, 4766, 273, 253, 2454, 13, 268, 26948, 32153, 2352, 13, 7561, 26549, 2927, 13, 1355, 13628, 13, 285, 247, 1355, 6208, 481, 5131, 1846, 3386, 2486, 12720, 12564, 13, 3116, 5778, 13, 11900, 3237, 13, 4049, 431, 351, 514, 90, 314, 313, 468, 1342, 1574, 16535, 9881, 285, 30106, 10, 285, 36476, 7979, 514, 90, 314, 313, 12213, 273, 253, 4808, 875, 253, 9881, 285, 30106, 481, 7099, 36869, 312, 9237, 310, 4269, 407, 2544, 313, 10082, 569, 10, 275, 253, 12992, 8998, 18, 390, 47283, 21, 3608, 285, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15, 17012, 310, 1754, 327, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 1246, 275, 1016, 1436, 15 ]
What is (are) Ataxia ?
Ataxia often occurs when parts of the nervous system that control movement are damaged. People with ataxia experience a failure of muscle control in their arms and legs, resulting in a lack of balance and coordination or a disturbance of gait. While the term ataxia is primarily used to describe this set of symptoms, it is sometimes also used to refer to a family of disorders. It is not, however, a specific diagnosis. Most disorders that result in ataxia cause cells in the part of the brain called the cerebellum to degenerate, or atrophy. Sometimes the spine is also affected. The phrases cerebellar degeneration and spinocerebellar degeneration are used to describe changes that have taken place in a persons nervous system; neither term constitutes a specific diagnosis. Cerebellar and spinocerebellar degeneration have many different causes. The age of onset of the resulting ataxia varies depending on the underlying cause of the degeneration. Many ataxias are hereditary and are classified by chromosomal location and pattern of inheritance: autosomal dominant, in which the affected person inherits a normal gene from one parent and a faulty gene from the other parent; and autosomal recessive, in which both parents pass on a copy of the faulty gene. Among the more common inherited ataxias are Friedreichs ataxia and Machado-Joseph disease. Sporadic ataxias can also occur in families with no prior history. Ataxia can also be acquired. Conditions that can cause acquired ataxia include stroke, multiple sclerosis, tumors, alcoholism, peripheral neuropathy, metabolic disorders, and vitamin deficiencies.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 329, 9292, 571, 3736, 34, 9292, 571, 2223, 6634, 672, 4243, 273, 253, 11219, 985, 326, 1453, 4866, 403, 13572, 15, 6491, 342, 387, 991, 571, 2793, 247, 4433, 273, 6616, 1453, 275, 616, 6174, 285, 9246, 13, 4795, 275, 247, 3480, 273, 6654, 285, 19915, 390, 247, 26744, 273, 31262, 15, 3900, 253, 1307, 387, 991, 571, 310, 8558, 908, 281, 6266, 436, 873, 273, 5917, 13, 352, 310, 4536, 671, 908, 281, 3730, 281, 247, 2021, 273, 9360, 15, 733, 310, 417, 13, 2299, 13, 247, 2173, 6120, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 10342, 9360, 326, 906, 275, 387, 991, 571, 2847, 1341, 275, 253, 629, 273, 253, 3998, 1925, 253, 44811, 281, 29458, 13, 390, 34512, 15, 13168, 253, 17201, 310, 671, 5876, 15, 380, 25491, 45357, 27939, 285, 653, 2610, 336, 21363, 8739, 27939, 403, 908, 281, 6266, 2544, 326, 452, 2668, 1659, 275, 247, 7732, 11219, 985, 28, 6747, 1307, 16988, 247, 2173, 6120, 15, 330, 11892, 67, 8739, 285, 653, 2610, 336, 21363, 8739, 27939, 452, 1142, 1027, 5997, 15, 380, 2363, 273, 11653, 273, 253, 4795, 387, 991, 571, 16149, 7293, 327, 253, 6944, 2847, 273, 253, 27939, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 10195, 387, 991, 6358, 403, 40454, 285, 403, 10509, 407, 32795, 4328, 285, 3102, 273, 24954, 27, 48981, 11360, 13, 275, 534, 253, 5876, 1436, 10958, 953, 247, 2622, 3320, 432, 581, 2885, 285, 247, 40249, 3320, 432, 253, 643, 2885, 28, 285, 48981, 24096, 422, 13, 275, 534, 1097, 4651, 1509, 327, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 40249, 3320, 15, 9658, 253, 625, 1846, 20265, 387, 991, 6358, 403, 17468, 38938, 84, 387, 991, 571, 285, 20310, 3377, 14, 32618, 2728, 15, 322, 1831, 18535, 387, 991, 6358, 476, 671, 2826, 275, 5870, 342, 642, 2720, 2892, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9292, 571, 476, 671, 320, 9288, 15, 34116, 326, 476, 2847, 9288, 387, 991, 571, 2486, 9980, 13, 2709, 33565, 13, 8837, 13, 7665, 1204, 13, 10844, 44268, 13, 10761, 9360, 13, 285, 14590, 30218, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 329, 9292, 571, 3736, 34, 9292, 571, 2223, 6634, 672, 4243, 273, 253, 11219, 985, 326, 1453, 4866, 403, 13572, 15, 6491, 342, 387, 991, 571, 2793, 247, 4433, 273, 6616, 1453, 275, 616, 6174, 285, 9246, 13, 4795, 275, 247, 3480, 273, 6654, 285, 19915, 390, 247, 26744, 273, 31262, 15, 3900, 253, 1307, 387, 991, 571, 310, 8558, 908, 281, 6266, 436, 873, 273, 5917, 13, 352, 310, 4536, 671, 908, 281, 3730, 281, 247, 2021, 273, 9360, 15, 733, 310, 417, 13, 2299, 13, 247, 2173, 6120, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 10342, 9360, 326, 906, 275, 387, 991, 571, 2847, 1341, 275, 253, 629, 273, 253, 3998, 1925, 253, 44811, 281, 29458, 13, 390, 34512, 15, 13168, 253, 17201, 310, 671, 5876, 15, 380, 25491, 45357, 27939, 285, 653, 2610, 336, 21363, 8739, 27939, 403, 908, 281, 6266, 2544, 326, 452, 2668, 1659, 275, 247, 7732, 11219, 985, 28, 6747, 1307, 16988, 247, 2173, 6120, 15, 330, 11892, 67, 8739, 285, 653, 2610, 336, 21363, 8739, 27939, 452, 1142, 1027, 5997, 15, 380, 2363, 273, 11653, 273, 253, 4795, 387, 991, 571, 16149, 7293, 327, 253, 6944, 2847, 273, 253, 27939, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 10195, 387, 991, 6358, 403, 40454, 285, 403, 10509, 407, 32795, 4328, 285, 3102, 273, 24954, 27, 48981, 11360, 13, 275, 534, 253, 5876, 1436, 10958, 953, 247, 2622, 3320, 432, 581, 2885, 285, 247, 40249, 3320, 432, 253, 643, 2885, 28, 285, 48981, 24096, 422, 13, 275, 534, 1097, 4651, 1509, 327, 247, 3491, 273, 253, 40249, 3320, 15, 9658, 253, 625, 1846, 20265, 387, 991, 6358, 403, 17468, 38938, 84, 387, 991, 571, 285, 20310, 3377, 14, 32618, 2728, 15, 322, 1831, 18535, 387, 991, 6358, 476, 671, 2826, 275, 5870, 342, 642, 2720, 2892, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 34, 9292, 571, 476, 671, 320, 9288, 15, 34116, 326, 476, 2847, 9288, 387, 991, 571, 2486, 9980, 13, 2709, 33565, 13, 8837, 13, 7665, 1204, 13, 10844, 44268, 13, 10761, 9360, 13, 285, 14590, 30218, 15 ]
How many people are affected by retinal arterial macroaneurysm with supravalvular pulmonic stenosis ?
RAMSVPS is a rare disorder. Only a small number of affected individuals and families, all from Saudi Arabia, have been described in the medical literature.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 22043, 18571, 14823, 1351, 321, 656, 78, 342, 9253, 1208, 87, 792, 4734, 2163, 280, 29940, 3736, 37231, 12944, 3299, 310, 247, 7520, 8984, 15, 7214, 247, 1355, 1180, 273, 5876, 4292, 285, 5870, 13, 512, 432, 16158, 20498, 13, 452, 644, 2529, 275, 253, 3739, 6239, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 22043, 18571, 14823, 1351, 321, 656, 78, 342, 9253, 1208, 87, 792, 4734, 2163, 280, 29940, 3736, 37231, 12944, 3299, 310, 247, 7520, 8984, 15, 7214, 247, 1355, 1180, 273, 5876, 4292, 285, 5870, 13, 512, 432, 16158, 20498, 13, 452, 644, 2529, 275, 253, 3739, 6239, 15 ]
How many people are affected by common variable immune deficiency ?
CVID is estimated to affect 1 in 25,000 to 1 in 50,000 people worldwide, although the prevalence can vary across different populations.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 1846, 4778, 7026, 14384, 3736, 8887, 1838, 310, 5998, 281, 2818, 337, 275, 2030, 13, 933, 281, 337, 275, 2456, 13, 933, 952, 11762, 13, 3738, 253, 8996, 476, 6889, 2439, 1027, 7625, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 1846, 4778, 7026, 14384, 3736, 8887, 1838, 310, 5998, 281, 2818, 337, 275, 2030, 13, 933, 281, 337, 275, 2456, 13, 933, 952, 11762, 13, 3738, 253, 8996, 476, 6889, 2439, 1027, 7625, 15 ]
Who is at risk for Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma? ?
Certain genetic conditions increase the risk of childhood rhabdomyosarcoma. Anything that increases the risk of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Having a risk factor does not mean that you will get cancer; not having risk factors doesnt mean that you will not get cancer. Talk with your childs doctor if you think your child may be at risk. Risk factors for rhabdomyosarcoma include having the following inherited diseases: - Li-Fraumeni syndrome. - Pleuropulmonary blastoma. - Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). - Costello syndrome. - Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. - Noonan syndrome. Children who had a high birth weight or were larger than expected at birth may have an increased risk of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. In most cases, the cause of rhabdomyosarcoma is not known.
[ 7883, 310, 387, 2495, 323, 8347, 3639, 416, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 32, 3736, 36, 1695, 6380, 2515, 2572, 253, 2495, 273, 11948, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 15, 33571, 326, 5459, 253, 2495, 273, 2970, 247, 2728, 310, 1925, 247, 2495, 2803, 15, 14566, 247, 2495, 2803, 1057, 417, 1599, 326, 368, 588, 755, 2923, 28, 417, 1907, 2495, 2616, 36908, 1599, 326, 368, 588, 417, 755, 2923, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 1429, 84, 7345, 604, 368, 1158, 634, 1429, 778, 320, 387, 2495, 15, 50275, 44751, 2616, 323, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 2486, 1907, 253, 1563, 20265, 6578, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 17448, 14, 39, 376, 360, 29571, 9237, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 49, 282, 8177, 35534, 17916, 3691, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 6560, 1822, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 313, 8016, 18, 481, 50274, 14, 50276, 25997, 6646, 9237, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 46248, 3113, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 15, 50273, 14, 50276, 2302, 251, 266, 9237, 15, 50270, 22246, 665, 574, 247, 1029, 4201, 2801, 390, 497, 4067, 685, 3264, 387, 4201, 778, 452, 271, 2559, 2495, 273, 10150, 2814, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 15, 50275, 688, 954, 2219, 13, 253, 2847, 273, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 310, 417, 1929, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 7883, 310, 387, 2495, 323, 8347, 3639, 416, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 32, 3736, 36, 1695, 6380, 2515, 2572, 253, 2495, 273, 11948, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 15, 33571, 326, 5459, 253, 2495, 273, 2970, 247, 2728, 310, 1925, 247, 2495, 2803, 15, 14566, 247, 2495, 2803, 1057, 417, 1599, 326, 368, 588, 755, 2923, 28, 417, 1907, 2495, 2616, 36908, 1599, 326, 368, 588, 417, 755, 2923, 15, 25664, 342, 634, 1429, 84, 7345, 604, 368, 1158, 634, 1429, 778, 320, 387, 2495, 15, 50275, 44751, 2616, 323, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 2486, 1907, 253, 1563, 20265, 6578, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 17448, 14, 39, 376, 360, 29571, 9237, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 49, 282, 8177, 35534, 17916, 3691, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 6560, 1822, 36240, 409, 41272, 1511, 337, 313, 8016, 18, 481, 50274, 14, 50276, 25997, 6646, 9237, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 46248, 3113, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 15, 50273, 14, 50276, 2302, 251, 266, 9237, 15, 50270, 22246, 665, 574, 247, 1029, 4201, 2801, 390, 497, 4067, 685, 3264, 387, 4201, 778, 452, 271, 2559, 2495, 273, 10150, 2814, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 15, 50275, 688, 954, 2219, 13, 253, 2847, 273, 391, 8621, 3335, 90, 41941, 310, 417, 1929, 15 ]
What are the symptoms of Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of the autonomic nervous system 90% Feeding difficulties in infancy 90% Hyperhidrosis 90% Hypohidrosis 90% Micromelia 90% Paresthesia 90% Short stature 90% Skeletal dysplasia 90% Apnea 50% Asthma 50% Camptodactyly of toe 50% Genu valgum 50% Impaired pain sensation 50% Intrauterine growth retardation 50% Lacrimation abnormality 50% Oligohydramnios 50% Recurrent fractures 50% Respiratory insufficiency 50% Scoliosis 50% Talipes 50% Hypothyroidism 7.5% Muscular hypotonia 7.5% Sacral dimple 7.5% Abnormal metaphyseal trabeculation - Abnormality of dental enamel - Absent patellar reflexes - Adducted thumb - Autosomal recessive inheritance - Blotching pigmentation of the skin - Broad ischia - Contracture of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the 5th finger - Dysautonomia - Dysphagia - Elbow flexion contracture - Episodic fever - Feeding difficulties - Femoral bowing - Flared metaphysis - Frontal bossing - Hoarse voice - Hypoplasia of midface - Hypoplastic iliac body - Knee flexion contracture - Low-set ears - Malar flattening - Metaphyseal rarefaction - Myotonia - Nasal speech - Opacification of the corneal stroma - Osteoporosis - Pathologic fracture - Pulmonary arterial medial hypertrophy - Pulmonary hypertension - Pulmonary hypoplasia - Pursed lips - Short neck - Short nose - Short palpebral fissure - Short phalanx of finger - Short tibia - Single transverse palmar crease - Smooth tongue - Square face - Talipes valgus - Thickened cortex of long bones - Thin ribs - Thin skin - Tibial bowing - Ulnar deviation of finger - Wide nasal base - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 659, 48132, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 659, 48132, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 659, 48132, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 45852, 11219, 985, 5091, 6, 5721, 7022, 12748, 275, 42986, 5091, 6, 25411, 73, 301, 11503, 5091, 6, 25295, 1368, 301, 11503, 5091, 6, 10929, 409, 29173, 5091, 6, 367, 4885, 19257, 5091, 6, 14196, 45540, 5091, 6, 322, 30554, 48723, 5091, 6, 4276, 21254, 2456, 6, 15123, 14894, 2456, 6, 6039, 431, 351, 514, 90, 314, 273, 25283, 2456, 6, 2588, 86, 821, 72, 360, 2456, 6, 16009, 12260, 3075, 22135, 2456, 6, 39836, 18696, 460, 3116, 48112, 2456, 6, 27910, 3428, 318, 43108, 2456, 6, 473, 3372, 1368, 10120, 3358, 79, 3783, 2456, 6, 4568, 5732, 22877, 2456, 6, 2213, 48208, 39975, 2456, 6, 1810, 10424, 2433, 2456, 6, 12636, 28964, 2456, 6, 25295, 16715, 37739, 818, 15, 22, 6, 4878, 2772, 37251, 9409, 818, 15, 22, 6, 20106, 1544, 3317, 713, 818, 15, 22, 6, 3506, 6320, 21543, 1994, 339, 267, 19146, 886, 1427, 428, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 16138, 46803, 428, 16508, 290, 869, 8739, 22375, 265, 428, 2006, 1586, 264, 17300, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 2071, 302, 7695, 8393, 16977, 273, 253, 4808, 428, 13796, 310, 348, 571, 428, 20597, 459, 273, 253, 19561, 734, 13203, 912, 267, 6036, 273, 253, 608, 394, 9185, 428, 399, 656, 1920, 11168, 571, 428, 399, 656, 545, 356, 571, 428, 3599, 11939, 42392, 3310, 459, 428, 10643, 261, 23329, 15198, 428, 5721, 7022, 12748, 428, 43299, 7909, 6026, 272, 428, 2884, 1096, 1313, 9761, 1493, 428, 1879, 8226, 12145, 272, 428, 11826, 10788, 4318, 428, 25295, 4488, 13411, 273, 4260, 1664, 428, 25295, 21945, 45348, 317, 2133, 428, 611, 31066, 42392, 3310, 459, 428, 11578, 14, 1178, 13628, 428, 5979, 274, 30627, 2980, 428, 6365, 522, 1994, 339, 267, 1218, 709, 1913, 428, 2752, 302, 9409, 428, 30672, 267, 6519, 428, 12605, 317, 1877, 273, 253, 33477, 25542, 66, 428, 49000, 29606, 2433, 428, 12899, 9522, 17681, 428, 26386, 10803, 18571, 24309, 37416, 428, 26386, 10803, 14300, 428, 26386, 10803, 3500, 4488, 13411, 428, 367, 43376, 11233, 428, 14196, 7623, 428, 14196, 11480, 428, 14196, 5796, 365, 11887, 269, 739, 459, 428, 14196, 815, 30637, 89, 273, 9185, 428, 14196, 27345, 571, 428, 19757, 17430, 5796, 4175, 1424, 511, 428, 3774, 4902, 14018, 428, 15894, 2454, 428, 12636, 28964, 821, 28349, 428, 596, 781, 2348, 14031, 273, 1048, 14910, 428, 596, 249, 28061, 428, 596, 249, 4808, 428, 22556, 451, 6026, 272, 428, 530, 6677, 274, 11254, 273, 9185, 428, 36181, 23761, 2613, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 659, 48132, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 659, 48132, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 659, 48132, 14, 56, 728, 39480, 9237, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 253, 45852, 11219, 985, 5091, 6, 5721, 7022, 12748, 275, 42986, 5091, 6, 25411, 73, 301, 11503, 5091, 6, 25295, 1368, 301, 11503, 5091, 6, 10929, 409, 29173, 5091, 6, 367, 4885, 19257, 5091, 6, 14196, 45540, 5091, 6, 322, 30554, 48723, 5091, 6, 4276, 21254, 2456, 6, 15123, 14894, 2456, 6, 6039, 431, 351, 514, 90, 314, 273, 25283, 2456, 6, 2588, 86, 821, 72, 360, 2456, 6, 16009, 12260, 3075, 22135, 2456, 6, 39836, 18696, 460, 3116, 48112, 2456, 6, 27910, 3428, 318, 43108, 2456, 6, 473, 3372, 1368, 10120, 3358, 79, 3783, 2456, 6, 4568, 5732, 22877, 2456, 6, 2213, 48208, 39975, 2456, 6, 1810, 10424, 2433, 2456, 6, 12636, 28964, 2456, 6, 25295, 16715, 37739, 818, 15, 22, 6, 4878, 2772, 37251, 9409, 818, 15, 22, 6, 20106, 1544, 3317, 713, 818, 15, 22, 6, 3506, 6320, 21543, 1994, 339, 267, 19146, 886, 1427, 428, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 16138, 46803, 428, 16508, 290, 869, 8739, 22375, 265, 428, 2006, 1586, 264, 17300, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 2071, 302, 7695, 8393, 16977, 273, 253, 4808, 428, 13796, 310, 348, 571, 428, 20597, 459, 273, 253, 19561, 734, 13203, 912, 267, 6036, 273, 253, 608, 394, 9185, 428, 399, 656, 1920, 11168, 571, 428, 399, 656, 545, 356, 571, 428, 3599, 11939, 42392, 3310, 459, 428, 10643, 261, 23329, 15198, 428, 5721, 7022, 12748, 428, 43299, 7909, 6026, 272, 428, 2884, 1096, 1313, 9761, 1493, 428, 1879, 8226, 12145, 272, 428, 11826, 10788, 4318, 428, 25295, 4488, 13411, 273, 4260, 1664, 428, 25295, 21945, 45348, 317, 2133, 428, 611, 31066, 42392, 3310, 459, 428, 11578, 14, 1178, 13628, 428, 5979, 274, 30627, 2980, 428, 6365, 522, 1994, 339, 267, 1218, 709, 1913, 428, 2752, 302, 9409, 428, 30672, 267, 6519, 428, 12605, 317, 1877, 273, 253, 33477, 25542, 66, 428, 49000, 29606, 2433, 428, 12899, 9522, 17681, 428, 26386, 10803, 18571, 24309, 37416, 428, 26386, 10803, 14300, 428, 26386, 10803, 3500, 4488, 13411, 428, 367, 43376, 11233, 428, 14196, 7623, 428, 14196, 11480, 428, 14196, 5796, 365, 11887, 269, 739, 459, 428, 14196, 815, 30637, 89, 273, 9185, 428, 14196, 27345, 571, 428, 19757, 17430, 5796, 4175, 1424, 511, 428, 3774, 4902, 14018, 428, 15894, 2454, 428, 12636, 28964, 821, 28349, 428, 596, 781, 2348, 14031, 273, 1048, 14910, 428, 596, 249, 28061, 428, 596, 249, 4808, 428, 22556, 451, 6026, 272, 428, 530, 6677, 274, 11254, 273, 9185, 428, 36181, 23761, 2613, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
What is (are) Turner Syndrome ?
Turner syndrome is a genetic disorder that affects a girl's development. The cause is a missing or incomplete X chromosome. Girls who have it are short, and their ovaries don't work properly. Other physical features typical of Turner syndrome are - Short, "webbed" neck with folds of skin from tops of shoulders to sides of neck - Low hairline in the back - Low-set ears - Swollen hands and feet Most women with Turner syndrome are infertile. They are at risk for health difficulties such as high blood pressure, kidney problems, diabetes, cataracts, osteoporosis, and thyroid problems. Doctors diagnose Turner syndrome based on symptoms and a genetic test. Sometimes it is found in prenatal testing. There is no cure for Turner syndrome, but there are some treatments for the symptoms. Growth hormone often helps girls reach heights that are close to average. Hormone replacement can help start sexual development. Assisted reproduction techniques can help some women with Turner syndrome get pregnant. NIH: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 20757, 39365, 3736, 22529, 254, 9237, 310, 247, 6380, 8984, 326, 11852, 247, 3226, 434, 2440, 15, 380, 2847, 310, 247, 5816, 390, 18464, 1594, 15406, 15, 26152, 665, 452, 352, 403, 2159, 13, 285, 616, 16119, 447, 1053, 626, 789, 6283, 15, 50274, 8665, 3520, 3386, 6867, 273, 20757, 9237, 403, 50271, 14, 50276, 17624, 13, 346, 7585, 3026, 3, 7623, 342, 34579, 273, 4808, 432, 27164, 273, 13574, 281, 7123, 273, 7623, 50274, 14, 50276, 20357, 4707, 1282, 275, 253, 896, 50274, 14, 50276, 20357, 14, 1178, 13628, 50274, 14, 50276, 12455, 25733, 3564, 285, 4669, 50271, 10342, 2255, 342, 20757, 9237, 403, 2192, 797, 587, 15, 1583, 403, 387, 2495, 323, 1786, 12748, 824, 347, 1029, 2614, 3473, 13, 12333, 3237, 13, 8401, 13, 39957, 10719, 13, 39292, 13, 285, 17298, 3237, 15, 50274, 4045, 5285, 33901, 20757, 9237, 1754, 327, 5917, 285, 247, 6380, 1071, 15, 13168, 352, 310, 1119, 275, 38977, 5175, 15, 1707, 310, 642, 16498, 323, 20757, 9237, 13, 533, 627, 403, 690, 9694, 323, 253, 5917, 15, 27219, 14689, 2223, 7729, 6838, 3986, 27574, 326, 403, 2810, 281, 3388, 15, 388, 526, 531, 5407, 476, 1361, 1265, 5615, 2440, 15, 2903, 6136, 21068, 5609, 476, 1361, 690, 2255, 342, 20757, 9237, 755, 12821, 15, 50274, 13652, 41, 27, 3313, 6516, 273, 8347, 4775, 285, 8801, 9753 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 20757, 39365, 3736, 22529, 254, 9237, 310, 247, 6380, 8984, 326, 11852, 247, 3226, 434, 2440, 15, 380, 2847, 310, 247, 5816, 390, 18464, 1594, 15406, 15, 26152, 665, 452, 352, 403, 2159, 13, 285, 616, 16119, 447, 1053, 626, 789, 6283, 15, 50274, 8665, 3520, 3386, 6867, 273, 20757, 9237, 403, 50271, 14, 50276, 17624, 13, 346, 7585, 3026, 3, 7623, 342, 34579, 273, 4808, 432, 27164, 273, 13574, 281, 7123, 273, 7623, 50274, 14, 50276, 20357, 4707, 1282, 275, 253, 896, 50274, 14, 50276, 20357, 14, 1178, 13628, 50274, 14, 50276, 12455, 25733, 3564, 285, 4669, 50271, 10342, 2255, 342, 20757, 9237, 403, 2192, 797, 587, 15, 1583, 403, 387, 2495, 323, 1786, 12748, 824, 347, 1029, 2614, 3473, 13, 12333, 3237, 13, 8401, 13, 39957, 10719, 13, 39292, 13, 285, 17298, 3237, 15, 50274, 4045, 5285, 33901, 20757, 9237, 1754, 327, 5917, 285, 247, 6380, 1071, 15, 13168, 352, 310, 1119, 275, 38977, 5175, 15, 1707, 310, 642, 16498, 323, 20757, 9237, 13, 533, 627, 403, 690, 9694, 323, 253, 5917, 15, 27219, 14689, 2223, 7729, 6838, 3986, 27574, 326, 403, 2810, 281, 3388, 15, 388, 526, 531, 5407, 476, 1361, 1265, 5615, 2440, 15, 2903, 6136, 21068, 5609, 476, 1361, 690, 2255, 342, 20757, 9237, 755, 12821, 15, 50274, 13652, 41, 27, 3313, 6516, 273, 8347, 4775, 285, 8801, 9753 ]
What are the treatments for Schwartz Jampel syndrome type 1 ?
How might Schwartz Jampel syndrome type 1 be treated? Treatment of Schwartz Jampel syndrome type 1 (SJS1) aims to reduce stiffness and cramping of muscles. This might include nonpharmacologic modalities such as massage, warming of muscles, and gradual strengthening exercises. Medications that might be utilized include muscle relaxants and anti seizure medications, particularly Carbamazepine. Botox might additionally be used to relieve eye symptoms such as blepharospasm (involuntary blinking of spasm of eyes). If Botox is not successful in managing eye symptoms, a variety of surgical techniques have been found to be effective. When considering surgery as an option, an important consideration is the risk for malignant hyperthermia, which could lead to adverse outcomes.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 39119, 500, 1301, 293, 9237, 1511, 337, 3736, 2347, 1537, 39119, 500, 1301, 293, 9237, 1511, 337, 320, 4127, 32, 17012, 273, 39119, 500, 1301, 293, 9237, 1511, 337, 313, 52, 15253, 18, 10, 13698, 281, 4796, 26370, 285, 1531, 42956, 273, 13370, 15, 831, 1537, 2486, 1327, 24616, 317, 9522, 33433, 824, 347, 30877, 13, 18384, 273, 13370, 13, 285, 26830, 31845, 18418, 15, 9718, 569, 326, 1537, 320, 12845, 2486, 6616, 7921, 1103, 285, 3270, 21935, 16940, 13, 3782, 45411, 23300, 554, 460, 15, 378, 10505, 1537, 23000, 320, 908, 281, 29522, 5130, 5917, 824, 347, 7387, 545, 274, 2161, 4542, 313, 7821, 311, 26900, 787, 10274, 273, 653, 4542, 273, 2927, 481, 50276, 2042, 378, 10505, 310, 417, 5547, 275, 14419, 5130, 5917, 13, 247, 5235, 273, 9205, 5609, 452, 644, 1119, 281, 320, 3576, 15, 2091, 7296, 5869, 347, 271, 4500, 13, 271, 1774, 8180, 310, 253, 2495, 323, 17566, 4373, 508, 15604, 13, 534, 812, 1421, 281, 10021, 6973, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 39119, 500, 1301, 293, 9237, 1511, 337, 3736, 2347, 1537, 39119, 500, 1301, 293, 9237, 1511, 337, 320, 4127, 32, 17012, 273, 39119, 500, 1301, 293, 9237, 1511, 337, 313, 52, 15253, 18, 10, 13698, 281, 4796, 26370, 285, 1531, 42956, 273, 13370, 15, 831, 1537, 2486, 1327, 24616, 317, 9522, 33433, 824, 347, 30877, 13, 18384, 273, 13370, 13, 285, 26830, 31845, 18418, 15, 9718, 569, 326, 1537, 320, 12845, 2486, 6616, 7921, 1103, 285, 3270, 21935, 16940, 13, 3782, 45411, 23300, 554, 460, 15, 378, 10505, 1537, 23000, 320, 908, 281, 29522, 5130, 5917, 824, 347, 7387, 545, 274, 2161, 4542, 313, 7821, 311, 26900, 787, 10274, 273, 653, 4542, 273, 2927, 481, 50276, 2042, 378, 10505, 310, 417, 5547, 275, 14419, 5130, 5917, 13, 247, 5235, 273, 9205, 5609, 452, 644, 1119, 281, 320, 3576, 15, 2091, 7296, 5869, 347, 271, 4500, 13, 271, 1774, 8180, 310, 253, 2495, 323, 17566, 4373, 508, 15604, 13, 534, 812, 1421, 281, 10021, 6973, 15 ]
What is (are) Adult Primary Liver Cancer ?
Key Points - Adult primary liver cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the liver. - There are two types of adult primary liver cancer. - Having hepatitis or cirrhosis can affect the risk of adult primary liver cancer. - Signs and symptoms of adult primary liver cancer include a lump or pain on the right side. - Tests that examine the liver and the blood are used to detect (find) and diagnose adult primary liver cancer. - Certain factors affect prognosis (chance of recovery) and treatment options. Adult primary liver cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the liver. The liver is one of the largest organs in the body. It has four lobes and fills the upper right side of the abdomen inside the rib cage. Three of the many important functions of the liver are: - To filter harmful substances from the blood so they can be passed from the body in stools and urine. - To make bile to help digest fat that comes from food. - To store glycogen (sugar), which the body uses for energy. There are two types of adult primary liver cancer. The two types of adult primary liver cancer are: - Hepatocellular carcinoma. - Cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer). (See the PDQ summary on Bile Duct Cancer Treatment for more information.) The most common type of adult primary liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma. This type of liver cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. This summary is about the treatment of primary liver cancer (cancer that begins in the liver). Treatment of cancer that begins in other parts of the body and spreads to the liver is not covered in this summary. Primary liver cancer can occur in both adults and children. However, treatment for children is different than treatment for adults. (See the PDQ summary on Childhood Liver Cancer Treatment for more information.)
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 32967, 20988, 17687, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 32967, 3625, 6728, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 6728, 15, 50274, 14, 1707, 403, 767, 3510, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 14566, 21366, 390, 36716, 476, 2818, 253, 2495, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 50273, 14, 8714, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 2486, 247, 32163, 390, 3075, 327, 253, 987, 1930, 15, 50273, 14, 32503, 326, 9186, 253, 6728, 285, 253, 2614, 403, 908, 281, 2736, 313, 8606, 10, 285, 33901, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 35110, 2616, 2818, 17102, 313, 348, 593, 273, 7355, 10, 285, 1971, 4610, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 3837, 503, 3625, 6728, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 6728, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 6728, 310, 581, 273, 253, 6253, 15384, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 733, 556, 1740, 43253, 285, 32113, 253, 5170, 987, 1930, 273, 253, 30781, 3304, 253, 9412, 22133, 15, 9064, 273, 253, 1142, 1774, 3470, 273, 253, 6728, 403, 27, 50269, 14, 1916, 5806, 19632, 15991, 432, 253, 2614, 594, 597, 476, 320, 4817, 432, 253, 2133, 275, 331, 23699, 285, 16327, 15, 50274, 14, 1916, 1056, 26413, 281, 1361, 19818, 4688, 326, 3249, 432, 2739, 15, 50273, 14, 1916, 4657, 48785, 313, 84, 16734, 582, 534, 253, 2133, 4648, 323, 2341, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 767, 3510, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 767, 3510, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 403, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 49749, 255, 35810, 12382, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 1779, 311, 24091, 25554, 313, 67, 587, 17451, 2923, 481, 313, 5035, 253, 6442, 50, 6010, 327, 378, 587, 8502, 291, 13877, 17012, 323, 625, 1491, 2698, 50270, 510, 954, 1846, 1511, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 310, 43727, 12382, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 6728, 2923, 310, 253, 2626, 4283, 2847, 273, 2923, 14, 4919, 8923, 11762, 15, 50275, 1552, 6010, 310, 670, 253, 1971, 273, 3625, 6728, 2923, 313, 30366, 326, 9513, 275, 253, 6728, 481, 17012, 273, 2923, 326, 9513, 275, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 285, 35818, 281, 253, 6728, 310, 417, 6107, 275, 436, 6010, 15, 50274, 27967, 6728, 2923, 476, 2826, 275, 1097, 7747, 285, 2151, 15, 1723, 13, 1971, 323, 2151, 310, 1027, 685, 1971, 323, 7747, 15, 313, 5035, 253, 6442, 50, 6010, 327, 8347, 3639, 17687, 13877, 17012, 323, 625, 1491, 2698 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 32967, 20988, 17687, 13877, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 32967, 3625, 6728, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 6728, 15, 50274, 14, 1707, 403, 767, 3510, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 14566, 21366, 390, 36716, 476, 2818, 253, 2495, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 50273, 14, 8714, 84, 285, 5917, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 2486, 247, 32163, 390, 3075, 327, 253, 987, 1930, 15, 50273, 14, 32503, 326, 9186, 253, 6728, 285, 253, 2614, 403, 908, 281, 2736, 313, 8606, 10, 285, 33901, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 50274, 14, 35110, 2616, 2818, 17102, 313, 348, 593, 273, 7355, 10, 285, 1971, 4610, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 3837, 503, 3625, 6728, 2923, 310, 247, 2728, 275, 534, 17566, 313, 30366, 10, 1341, 830, 275, 253, 7944, 273, 253, 6728, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 6728, 310, 581, 273, 253, 6253, 15384, 275, 253, 2133, 15, 733, 556, 1740, 43253, 285, 32113, 253, 5170, 987, 1930, 273, 253, 30781, 3304, 253, 9412, 22133, 15, 9064, 273, 253, 1142, 1774, 3470, 273, 253, 6728, 403, 27, 50269, 14, 1916, 5806, 19632, 15991, 432, 253, 2614, 594, 597, 476, 320, 4817, 432, 253, 2133, 275, 331, 23699, 285, 16327, 15, 50274, 14, 1916, 1056, 26413, 281, 1361, 19818, 4688, 326, 3249, 432, 2739, 15, 50273, 14, 1916, 4657, 48785, 313, 84, 16734, 582, 534, 253, 2133, 4648, 323, 2341, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 403, 767, 3510, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 15, 187, 50258, 510, 767, 3510, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 403, 27, 50269, 14, 50276, 49749, 255, 35810, 12382, 15, 50274, 14, 50276, 1779, 311, 24091, 25554, 313, 67, 587, 17451, 2923, 481, 313, 5035, 253, 6442, 50, 6010, 327, 378, 587, 8502, 291, 13877, 17012, 323, 625, 1491, 2698, 50270, 510, 954, 1846, 1511, 273, 6782, 3625, 6728, 2923, 310, 43727, 12382, 15, 831, 1511, 273, 6728, 2923, 310, 253, 2626, 4283, 2847, 273, 2923, 14, 4919, 8923, 11762, 15, 50275, 1552, 6010, 310, 670, 253, 1971, 273, 3625, 6728, 2923, 313, 30366, 326, 9513, 275, 253, 6728, 481, 17012, 273, 2923, 326, 9513, 275, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 285, 35818, 281, 253, 6728, 310, 417, 6107, 275, 436, 6010, 15, 50274, 27967, 6728, 2923, 476, 2826, 275, 1097, 7747, 285, 2151, 15, 1723, 13, 1971, 323, 2151, 310, 1027, 685, 1971, 323, 7747, 15, 313, 5035, 253, 6442, 50, 6010, 327, 8347, 3639, 17687, 13877, 17012, 323, 625, 1491, 2698 ]
What are the treatments for palmoplantar keratoderma with deafness ?
These resources address the diagnosis or management of palmoplantar keratoderma with deafness: - Foundation for Ichthyosis and Related Skin Types: Palmoplantar Keratodermas - Genetic Testing Registry: Keratoderma palmoplantar deafness These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 19992, 4488, 386, 274, 20017, 255, 30463, 66, 342, 26057, 1255, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 19992, 4488, 386, 274, 20017, 255, 30463, 66, 342, 26057, 1255, 27, 50276, 14, 6807, 323, 32185, 24085, 2433, 285, 15073, 37019, 36975, 27, 30193, 4488, 386, 274, 27831, 255, 30463, 284, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 27831, 255, 30463, 66, 19992, 4488, 386, 274, 26057, 1255, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 19992, 4488, 386, 274, 20017, 255, 30463, 66, 342, 26057, 1255, 3736, 6872, 5300, 2953, 253, 6120, 390, 4323, 273, 19992, 4488, 386, 274, 20017, 255, 30463, 66, 342, 26057, 1255, 27, 50276, 14, 6807, 323, 32185, 24085, 2433, 285, 15073, 37019, 36975, 27, 30193, 4488, 386, 274, 27831, 255, 30463, 284, 50276, 14, 37003, 30750, 38227, 27, 27831, 255, 30463, 66, 19992, 4488, 386, 274, 26057, 1255, 50275, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
What are the symptoms of Scurvy ?
What are the signs and symptoms of Scurvy? The Human Phenotype Ontology provides the following list of signs and symptoms for Scurvy. If the information is available, the table below includes how often the symptom is seen in people with this condition. You can use the MedlinePlus Medical Dictionary to look up the definitions for these medical terms. Signs and Symptoms Approximate number of patients (when available) Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis - Autosomal recessive inheritance - The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) has collected information on how often a sign or symptom occurs in a condition. Much of this information comes from Orphanet, a European rare disease database. The frequency of a sign or symptom is usually listed as a rough estimate of the percentage of patients who have that feature. The frequency may also be listed as a fraction. The first number of the fraction is how many people had the symptom, and the second number is the total number of people who were examined in one study. For example, a frequency of 25/25 means that in a study of 25 people all patients were found to have that symptom. Because these frequencies are based on a specific study, the fractions may be different if another group of patients are examined. Sometimes, no information on frequency is available. In these cases, the sign or symptom may be rare or common.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 1810, 321, 11170, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 1810, 321, 11170, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 1810, 321, 11170, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 11082, 16, 9511, 493, 4914, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 5917, 273, 1810, 321, 11170, 3736, 1276, 403, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 1810, 321, 11170, 32, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 3400, 253, 1563, 1618, 273, 7871, 285, 5917, 323, 1810, 321, 11170, 15, 1310, 253, 1491, 310, 2130, 13, 253, 2829, 2708, 3797, 849, 2223, 253, 19831, 310, 2326, 275, 952, 342, 436, 1617, 15, 1422, 476, 897, 253, 3050, 1282, 25263, 8710, 26372, 281, 1007, 598, 253, 14308, 323, 841, 3739, 2426, 15, 8714, 84, 285, 40561, 3056, 17274, 13954, 1180, 273, 1363, 313, 9453, 2130, 10, 3506, 12850, 1319, 273, 11082, 16, 9511, 493, 4914, 428, 5271, 13304, 24096, 422, 24954, 428, 380, 8801, 34689, 5174, 15195, 1497, 313, 41, 5964, 10, 556, 5728, 1491, 327, 849, 2223, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 6634, 275, 247, 1617, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 1491, 3249, 432, 2207, 15671, 292, 13, 247, 5284, 7520, 2728, 5447, 15, 380, 4294, 273, 247, 861, 390, 19831, 310, 3798, 7117, 347, 247, 7227, 6642, 273, 253, 7155, 273, 1363, 665, 452, 326, 4735, 15, 380, 4294, 778, 671, 320, 7117, 347, 247, 6919, 15, 380, 806, 1180, 273, 253, 6919, 310, 849, 1142, 952, 574, 253, 19831, 13, 285, 253, 1273, 1180, 310, 253, 2264, 1180, 273, 952, 665, 497, 6730, 275, 581, 1263, 15, 1198, 1650, 13, 247, 4294, 273, 2030, 16, 1099, 2097, 326, 275, 247, 1263, 273, 2030, 952, 512, 1363, 497, 1119, 281, 452, 326, 19831, 15, 4923, 841, 11383, 403, 1754, 327, 247, 2173, 1263, 13, 253, 17711, 778, 320, 1027, 604, 1529, 1387, 273, 1363, 403, 6730, 15, 13168, 13, 642, 1491, 327, 4294, 310, 2130, 15, 496, 841, 2219, 13, 253, 861, 390, 19831, 778, 320, 7520, 390, 1846, 15 ]
How many people are affected by KBG syndrome ?
KBG syndrome is a rare disorder that has been reported in around 60 individuals. For unknown reasons, males are affected more often than females. Doctors think the disorder is underdiagnosed because the signs and symptoms can be mild and may be attributed to other disorders.
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 611, 21279, 9237, 3736, 44, 21279, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 8984, 326, 556, 644, 2361, 275, 1475, 3925, 4292, 15, 1198, 7202, 4606, 13, 10798, 403, 5876, 625, 2223, 685, 10753, 15, 48270, 1158, 253, 8984, 310, 762, 27631, 1700, 984, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 476, 320, 11134, 285, 778, 320, 12877, 281, 643, 9360, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2347, 1142, 952, 403, 5876, 407, 611, 21279, 9237, 3736, 44, 21279, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 8984, 326, 556, 644, 2361, 275, 1475, 3925, 4292, 15, 1198, 7202, 4606, 13, 10798, 403, 5876, 625, 2223, 685, 10753, 15, 48270, 1158, 253, 8984, 310, 762, 27631, 1700, 984, 253, 7871, 285, 5917, 476, 320, 11134, 285, 778, 320, 12877, 281, 643, 9360, 15 ]
What is (are) 2q37 deletion syndrome ?
2q37 deletion syndrome is a rare chromosome condition that can affect many parts of the body. Approximately 100 cases have been reported worldwide. This condition is characterized by weak muscle tone (hypotonia) in infancy, mild to severe intellectual disability and developmental delay, behavioral problems, characteristic facial features, and other physical abnormalities. 2q37 deletion syndrome is caused by a deletion of the genetic material from a specific region in the long (q) arm of chromosome 2. Most cases are not inherited.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 374, 82, 1787, 17404, 9237, 3736, 19, 82, 1787, 17404, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 15406, 1617, 326, 476, 2818, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 36242, 2233, 2219, 452, 644, 2361, 11762, 15, 831, 1617, 310, 7943, 407, 5075, 6616, 10541, 313, 1994, 11714, 9409, 10, 275, 42986, 13, 11134, 281, 5460, 12720, 12564, 285, 16743, 5778, 13, 14613, 3237, 13, 8847, 17754, 3386, 13, 285, 643, 3520, 19147, 15, 374, 82, 1787, 17404, 9237, 310, 4269, 407, 247, 17404, 273, 253, 6380, 2144, 432, 247, 2173, 2919, 275, 253, 1048, 313, 82, 10, 4430, 273, 15406, 374, 15, 5595, 2219, 403, 417, 20265, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 374, 82, 1787, 17404, 9237, 3736, 19, 82, 1787, 17404, 9237, 310, 247, 7520, 15406, 1617, 326, 476, 2818, 1142, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 36242, 2233, 2219, 452, 644, 2361, 11762, 15, 831, 1617, 310, 7943, 407, 5075, 6616, 10541, 313, 1994, 11714, 9409, 10, 275, 42986, 13, 11134, 281, 5460, 12720, 12564, 285, 16743, 5778, 13, 14613, 3237, 13, 8847, 17754, 3386, 13, 285, 643, 3520, 19147, 15, 374, 82, 1787, 17404, 9237, 310, 4269, 407, 247, 17404, 273, 253, 6380, 2144, 432, 247, 2173, 2919, 275, 253, 1048, 313, 82, 10, 4430, 273, 15406, 374, 15, 5595, 2219, 403, 417, 20265, 15 ]
what research (or clinical trials) is being done for Tropical Spastic Paraparesis ?
The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) and other institutes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) conduct research related to HAM/TSP in laboratories at the NIH, and support additional research through grants to major medical institutions across the country. Much of this research focuses on finding better ways to prevent, treat, and ultimately cure disorders such as HAM/TSP.
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 308, 29289, 2101, 3258, 2956, 522, 4420, 261, 3736, 510, 3313, 6516, 273, 29459, 36083, 49566, 285, 659, 7292, 313, 47, 1042, 5942, 10, 285, 643, 4969, 2279, 273, 253, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 313, 13652, 41, 10, 2589, 2561, 2905, 281, 388, 2300, 16, 53, 4350, 275, 30684, 387, 253, 28569, 13, 285, 1329, 3081, 2561, 949, 16311, 281, 2201, 3739, 10003, 2439, 253, 2586, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 2561, 16633, 327, 4560, 1805, 4088, 281, 3657, 13, 1555, 13, 285, 9142, 16498, 9360, 824, 347, 388, 2300, 16, 53, 4350, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 5371, 2561, 313, 263, 3382, 7587, 10, 310, 1146, 2218, 323, 308, 29289, 2101, 3258, 2956, 522, 4420, 261, 3736, 510, 3313, 6516, 273, 29459, 36083, 49566, 285, 659, 7292, 313, 47, 1042, 5942, 10, 285, 643, 4969, 2279, 273, 253, 3313, 31935, 273, 4775, 313, 13652, 41, 10, 2589, 2561, 2905, 281, 388, 2300, 16, 53, 4350, 275, 30684, 387, 253, 28569, 13, 285, 1329, 3081, 2561, 949, 16311, 281, 2201, 3739, 10003, 2439, 253, 2586, 15, 18770, 273, 436, 2561, 16633, 327, 4560, 1805, 4088, 281, 3657, 13, 1555, 13, 285, 9142, 16498, 9360, 824, 347, 388, 2300, 16, 53, 4350, 15 ]
What are the treatments for spondyloenchondrodysplasia with immune dysregulation ?
These resources from MedlinePlus offer information about the diagnosis and management of various health conditions: - Diagnostic Tests - Drug Therapy - Surgery and Rehabilitation - Genetic Counseling - Palliative Care
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 653, 857, 1190, 80, 15152, 857, 16104, 656, 24506, 342, 7026, 7915, 11973, 3736, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 653, 857, 1190, 80, 15152, 857, 16104, 656, 24506, 342, 7026, 7915, 11973, 3736, 6872, 5300, 432, 3050, 1282, 25263, 3959, 1491, 670, 253, 6120, 285, 4323, 273, 2710, 1786, 2515, 27, 50276, 14, 44194, 32503, 50276, 14, 16686, 34294, 50276, 14, 34621, 285, 49251, 50276, 14, 37003, 19330, 272, 50275, 14, 42745, 18168, 9776 ]
What are the treatments for Hypoaldosteronism ?
How might hypoaldosteronism be treated? Treatment for hypoaldosteronism depends on the underlying condition. Affected individuals are often advised to follow a low-potassium diet with liberal sodium intake. People with hypoaldosteronism should typically avoid ACE inhibitors and potassium-sparing diuretics. Individuals with hypoaldosteronism and a deficiency of adrenal glucocorticoid hormones are usually given fludrocortisone. People with hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism are frequently given furosemide to correct hyperkalemia.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 25295, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 3736, 2347, 1537, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 320, 4127, 32, 17012, 323, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 7024, 327, 253, 6944, 1617, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 403, 2223, 15140, 281, 956, 247, 1698, 14, 11714, 20837, 6196, 342, 12773, 11914, 10820, 15, 6491, 342, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 943, 5431, 3693, 29376, 11531, 285, 23160, 14, 1033, 1875, 1073, 459, 49631, 15, 40788, 342, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 285, 247, 14384, 273, 33903, 44154, 1238, 23884, 403, 3798, 1677, 892, 438, 15683, 430, 261, 531, 15, 6491, 342, 3500, 15077, 249, 11060, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 403, 7208, 1677, 269, 1822, 6017, 504, 281, 3451, 4373, 26076, 9512, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 9694, 323, 25295, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 3736, 2347, 1537, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 320, 4127, 32, 17012, 323, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 7024, 327, 253, 6944, 1617, 15, 329, 21494, 4292, 403, 2223, 15140, 281, 956, 247, 1698, 14, 11714, 20837, 6196, 342, 12773, 11914, 10820, 15, 6491, 342, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 943, 5431, 3693, 29376, 11531, 285, 23160, 14, 1033, 1875, 1073, 459, 49631, 15, 40788, 342, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 285, 247, 14384, 273, 33903, 44154, 1238, 23884, 403, 3798, 1677, 892, 438, 15683, 430, 261, 531, 15, 6491, 342, 3500, 15077, 249, 11060, 3500, 80, 8950, 7337, 251, 1204, 403, 7208, 1677, 269, 1822, 6017, 504, 281, 3451, 4373, 26076, 9512, 15 ]
Is MPV17-related hepatocerebral mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome inherited ?
This condition is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, which means both copies of the gene in each cell have mutations. The parents of an individual with an autosomal recessive condition each carry one copy of the mutated gene, but they typically do not show signs and symptoms of the condition.
[ 2513, 353, 10201, 1166, 14, 4919, 11836, 80, 336, 250, 11887, 13227, 3882, 21022, 9237, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 2513, 353, 10201, 1166, 14, 4919, 11836, 80, 336, 250, 11887, 13227, 3882, 21022, 9237, 20265, 3736, 1552, 1617, 310, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 3102, 13, 534, 2097, 1097, 10125, 273, 253, 3320, 275, 1016, 894, 452, 9197, 15, 380, 4651, 273, 271, 2060, 342, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 1617, 1016, 4459, 581, 3491, 273, 253, 31758, 3320, 13, 533, 597, 5431, 513, 417, 921, 7871, 285, 5917, 273, 253, 1617, 15 ]
Who is at risk for Low Vision? ?
People age 60 and older, as well as African Americans and Hispanics over age 45, are at higher risk. African Americans and Hispanics are at higher risk for low vision because they are at higher risk for developing diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, and African Americans are at a higher risk for developing glaucoma.
[ 7883, 310, 387, 2495, 323, 11578, 29770, 32, 3736, 8836, 2363, 3925, 285, 5662, 13, 347, 973, 347, 8118, 7108, 285, 3032, 4029, 982, 689, 2363, 5329, 13, 403, 387, 2169, 2495, 15, 8118, 7108, 285, 3032, 4029, 982, 403, 387, 2169, 2495, 323, 1698, 8113, 984, 597, 403, 387, 2169, 2495, 323, 6684, 8401, 285, 17435, 26965, 15819, 13, 285, 8118, 7108, 403, 387, 247, 2169, 2495, 323, 6684, 39872, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 7883, 310, 387, 2495, 323, 11578, 29770, 32, 3736, 8836, 2363, 3925, 285, 5662, 13, 347, 973, 347, 8118, 7108, 285, 3032, 4029, 982, 689, 2363, 5329, 13, 403, 387, 2169, 2495, 15, 8118, 7108, 285, 3032, 4029, 982, 403, 387, 2169, 2495, 323, 1698, 8113, 984, 597, 403, 387, 2169, 2495, 323, 6684, 8401, 285, 17435, 26965, 15819, 13, 285, 8118, 7108, 403, 387, 247, 2169, 2495, 323, 6684, 39872, 15 ]
What is (are) Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis ?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) is a severe skin reaction most often triggered by particular medications. Although Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis were once thought to be separate conditions, they are now considered part of a continuum. Stevens-Johnson syndrome represents the less severe end of the disease spectrum, and toxic epidermal necrolysis represents the more severe end. SJS/TEN often begins with a fever and flu-like symptoms. Within a few days, the skin begins to blister and peel, forming very painful raw areas called erosions that resemble a severe hot-water burn. The skin erosions usually start on the face and chest before spreading to other parts of the body. In most affected individuals, the condition also damages the mucous membranes, including the lining of the mouth and the airways, which can cause trouble with swallowing and breathing. The painful blistering can also affect the urinary tract and genitals. SJS/TEN often affects the eyes as well, causing irritation and redness of the conjunctiva, which are the mucous membranes that protect the white part of the eye and line the eyelids, and damage to the clear front covering of the eye (the cornea). Severe damage to the skin and mucous membranes makes SJS/TEN a life-threatening disease. Because the skin normally acts as a protective barrier, extensive skin damage can lead to a dangerous loss of fluids and allow infections to develop. Serious complications can include pneumonia, overwhelming bacterial infections (sepsis), shock, multiple organ failure, and death. About 10 percent of people with Stevens-Johnson syndrome die from the disease, while the condition is fatal in up to 50 percent of those with toxic epidermal necrolysis. Among people who survive, long-term effects of SJS/TEN can include changes in skin coloring (pigmentation), dryness of the skin and mucous membranes (xerosis), excess sweating (hyperhidrosis), hair loss (alopecia), and abnormal growth or loss of the fingernails and toenails. Other long-term problems can include impaired taste, difficulty urinating, and genital abnormalities. A small percentage of affected individuals develop chronic dryness or inflammation of the eyes, which can lead to increased sensitivity to light (photophobia) and vision impairment.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 16, 39826, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 3736, 6812, 14941, 14, 32336, 9237, 16, 39826, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 313, 52, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 10, 310, 247, 5460, 4808, 4884, 954, 2223, 17142, 407, 1798, 16940, 15, 4129, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 285, 12825, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 497, 2378, 1869, 281, 320, 4858, 2515, 13, 597, 403, 1024, 2783, 629, 273, 247, 19106, 15, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 6125, 253, 1679, 5460, 990, 273, 253, 2728, 6637, 13, 285, 12825, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 6125, 253, 625, 5460, 990, 15, 50276, 52, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 2223, 9513, 342, 247, 15198, 285, 2938, 14, 3022, 5917, 15, 15092, 247, 1643, 1897, 13, 253, 4808, 9513, 281, 787, 2131, 285, 36473, 13, 9046, 1077, 16592, 9305, 3672, 1925, 2827, 375, 621, 326, 28788, 247, 5460, 3511, 14, 7779, 5451, 15, 380, 4808, 2827, 375, 621, 3798, 1265, 327, 253, 2454, 285, 9081, 1078, 17355, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 496, 954, 5876, 4292, 13, 253, 1617, 671, 8540, 253, 12366, 528, 15403, 13, 1690, 253, 27535, 273, 253, 6208, 285, 253, 2329, 1576, 13, 534, 476, 2847, 7596, 342, 49646, 285, 14578, 15, 380, 16592, 787, 2131, 272, 476, 671, 2818, 253, 19006, 10649, 285, 730, 32421, 15, 322, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 2223, 11852, 253, 2927, 347, 973, 13, 8479, 39890, 285, 2502, 1255, 273, 253, 49961, 9321, 13, 534, 403, 253, 12366, 528, 15403, 326, 4017, 253, 3168, 629, 273, 253, 5130, 285, 1386, 253, 32153, 2352, 13, 285, 4723, 281, 253, 2590, 2914, 10985, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 783, 944, 21254, 481, 50276, 3251, 3764, 4723, 281, 253, 4808, 285, 12366, 528, 15403, 2789, 322, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 247, 1495, 14, 33897, 2728, 15, 4923, 253, 4808, 9403, 6993, 347, 247, 12107, 11394, 13, 9470, 4808, 4723, 476, 1421, 281, 247, 8312, 2957, 273, 21143, 285, 1581, 10332, 281, 1287, 15, 4165, 784, 10552, 476, 2486, 18277, 13, 16400, 10741, 10332, 313, 339, 26633, 582, 6966, 13, 2709, 1963, 4433, 13, 285, 2471, 15, 11376, 884, 2558, 273, 952, 342, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 3150, 432, 253, 2728, 13, 1223, 253, 1617, 310, 15444, 275, 598, 281, 2456, 2558, 273, 1110, 342, 12825, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 15, 50276, 19799, 952, 665, 11883, 13, 1048, 14, 3945, 2538, 273, 322, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 476, 2486, 2544, 275, 4808, 35633, 313, 81, 304, 16977, 582, 6079, 1255, 273, 253, 4808, 285, 12366, 528, 15403, 313, 89, 254, 2433, 582, 6714, 47425, 313, 27049, 73, 301, 11503, 582, 4707, 2957, 313, 12584, 1553, 571, 582, 285, 10969, 3116, 390, 2957, 273, 253, 8569, 1808, 5351, 285, 281, 257, 5351, 15, 5131, 1048, 14, 3945, 3237, 476, 2486, 15506, 9075, 13, 10183, 2936, 8779, 13, 285, 34020, 19147, 15, 329, 1355, 7155, 273, 5876, 4292, 1287, 6722, 6079, 1255, 390, 10696, 273, 253, 2927, 13, 534, 476, 1421, 281, 2559, 7340, 281, 1708, 313, 22468, 40988, 10, 285, 8113, 15151, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 16, 39826, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 3736, 6812, 14941, 14, 32336, 9237, 16, 39826, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 313, 52, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 10, 310, 247, 5460, 4808, 4884, 954, 2223, 17142, 407, 1798, 16940, 15, 4129, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 285, 12825, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 497, 2378, 1869, 281, 320, 4858, 2515, 13, 597, 403, 1024, 2783, 629, 273, 247, 19106, 15, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 6125, 253, 1679, 5460, 990, 273, 253, 2728, 6637, 13, 285, 12825, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 6125, 253, 625, 5460, 990, 15, 50276, 52, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 2223, 9513, 342, 247, 15198, 285, 2938, 14, 3022, 5917, 15, 15092, 247, 1643, 1897, 13, 253, 4808, 9513, 281, 787, 2131, 285, 36473, 13, 9046, 1077, 16592, 9305, 3672, 1925, 2827, 375, 621, 326, 28788, 247, 5460, 3511, 14, 7779, 5451, 15, 380, 4808, 2827, 375, 621, 3798, 1265, 327, 253, 2454, 285, 9081, 1078, 17355, 281, 643, 4243, 273, 253, 2133, 15, 496, 954, 5876, 4292, 13, 253, 1617, 671, 8540, 253, 12366, 528, 15403, 13, 1690, 253, 27535, 273, 253, 6208, 285, 253, 2329, 1576, 13, 534, 476, 2847, 7596, 342, 49646, 285, 14578, 15, 380, 16592, 787, 2131, 272, 476, 671, 2818, 253, 19006, 10649, 285, 730, 32421, 15, 322, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 2223, 11852, 253, 2927, 347, 973, 13, 8479, 39890, 285, 2502, 1255, 273, 253, 49961, 9321, 13, 534, 403, 253, 12366, 528, 15403, 326, 4017, 253, 3168, 629, 273, 253, 5130, 285, 1386, 253, 32153, 2352, 13, 285, 4723, 281, 253, 2590, 2914, 10985, 273, 253, 5130, 313, 783, 944, 21254, 481, 50276, 3251, 3764, 4723, 281, 253, 4808, 285, 12366, 528, 15403, 2789, 322, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 247, 1495, 14, 33897, 2728, 15, 4923, 253, 4808, 9403, 6993, 347, 247, 12107, 11394, 13, 9470, 4808, 4723, 476, 1421, 281, 247, 8312, 2957, 273, 21143, 285, 1581, 10332, 281, 1287, 15, 4165, 784, 10552, 476, 2486, 18277, 13, 16400, 10741, 10332, 313, 339, 26633, 582, 6966, 13, 2709, 1963, 4433, 13, 285, 2471, 15, 11376, 884, 2558, 273, 952, 342, 22801, 14, 32336, 9237, 3150, 432, 253, 2728, 13, 1223, 253, 1617, 310, 15444, 275, 598, 281, 2456, 2558, 273, 1110, 342, 12825, 35371, 15136, 287, 314, 5114, 15, 50276, 19799, 952, 665, 11883, 13, 1048, 14, 3945, 2538, 273, 322, 15253, 16, 53, 1400, 476, 2486, 2544, 275, 4808, 35633, 313, 81, 304, 16977, 582, 6079, 1255, 273, 253, 4808, 285, 12366, 528, 15403, 313, 89, 254, 2433, 582, 6714, 47425, 313, 27049, 73, 301, 11503, 582, 4707, 2957, 313, 12584, 1553, 571, 582, 285, 10969, 3116, 390, 2957, 273, 253, 8569, 1808, 5351, 285, 281, 257, 5351, 15, 5131, 1048, 14, 3945, 3237, 476, 2486, 15506, 9075, 13, 10183, 2936, 8779, 13, 285, 34020, 19147, 15, 329, 1355, 7155, 273, 5876, 4292, 1287, 6722, 6079, 1255, 390, 10696, 273, 253, 2927, 13, 534, 476, 1421, 281, 2559, 7340, 281, 1708, 313, 22468, 40988, 10, 285, 8113, 15151, 15 ]
What is (are) Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy ?
Hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy (HSAN) is a group of rare peripheral neuropathies where neurons and/or axons are affected. The major feature of these conditions is the loss of large myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. Myelin is an insulating layer, or sheath that forms around nerves, made up of protein and fatty substances, that allows electrical impulses to transmit along the nerve cells. If myelin is damaged, these impulses slow down. Symptoms of HSAN include diminished sensation of pain and its associated consequences of delayed healing, Charcot arthopathies, infections, osteomyelitis, and amputations. They have been categorized into types one through five, although some children do not fit well into this classification and do not all have altered pain sensation and/or autonomic function.[9873] HSAN type I is the most common form of HSAN. It is caused by a mutation in the SPTLC1 gene and inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. HSAN type 2 is caused by mutations in the WNK1 gene and inheritance is autosomal recessive . HSAN type 3 (Riley-Day syndrome or familial dysautonomia) is caused by mutations in the IKBKAP gene and inheritance is autosomal recessive. HSAN type 4, also called congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA), is caused by mutations in the NTRK1 gene and is an autosomal recessive disorder. HSAN type 5 is caused by mutations in the NGFB gene and inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 754, 433, 3516, 17872, 285, 45852, 44268, 3736, 1328, 433, 3516, 17872, 45852, 44268, 313, 8282, 1539, 10, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 7520, 10844, 43393, 447, 835, 8512, 285, 16, 263, 41382, 403, 5876, 15, 380, 2201, 4735, 273, 841, 2515, 310, 253, 2957, 273, 1781, 16203, 3901, 285, 440, 2577, 293, 3901, 13154, 15, 2752, 28957, 310, 271, 22831, 3828, 13, 390, 30334, 326, 4948, 1475, 22614, 13, 1160, 598, 273, 2601, 285, 14126, 15991, 13, 326, 4483, 8545, 48009, 281, 13185, 2112, 253, 11083, 1341, 15, 1310, 16203, 249, 310, 13572, 13, 841, 48009, 3468, 1066, 15, 40561, 3056, 273, 21502, 1539, 2486, 23028, 22135, 273, 3075, 285, 697, 2330, 9099, 273, 13444, 13255, 13, 775, 3178, 302, 14665, 11036, 447, 13, 10332, 13, 10160, 4182, 293, 5895, 13, 285, 717, 1065, 569, 15, 1583, 452, 644, 27948, 715, 3510, 581, 949, 2620, 13, 3738, 690, 2151, 513, 417, 4944, 973, 715, 436, 9162, 285, 513, 417, 512, 452, 12059, 3075, 22135, 285, 16, 263, 45852, 1159, 4681, 26, 43847, 62, 21502, 1539, 1511, 309, 310, 253, 954, 1846, 830, 273, 21502, 1539, 15, 733, 310, 4269, 407, 247, 10577, 275, 253, 322, 5736, 7988, 18, 3320, 285, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 3102, 15, 21502, 1539, 1511, 374, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 411, 19752, 18, 3320, 285, 24954, 310, 48981, 24096, 422, 964, 21502, 1539, 1511, 495, 313, 51, 11416, 14, 15490, 9237, 390, 36490, 7915, 1920, 11168, 571, 10, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 309, 26498, 44, 2088, 3320, 285, 24954, 310, 48981, 24096, 422, 15, 21502, 1539, 1511, 577, 13, 671, 1925, 28296, 1210, 22247, 281, 3075, 342, 271, 73, 301, 11503, 313, 36, 3123, 34, 582, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 427, 3125, 44, 18, 3320, 285, 310, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 8984, 15, 21502, 1539, 1511, 608, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 427, 4161, 35, 3320, 285, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 310, 313, 609, 10, 754, 433, 3516, 17872, 285, 45852, 44268, 3736, 1328, 433, 3516, 17872, 45852, 44268, 313, 8282, 1539, 10, 310, 247, 1387, 273, 7520, 10844, 43393, 447, 835, 8512, 285, 16, 263, 41382, 403, 5876, 15, 380, 2201, 4735, 273, 841, 2515, 310, 253, 2957, 273, 1781, 16203, 3901, 285, 440, 2577, 293, 3901, 13154, 15, 2752, 28957, 310, 271, 22831, 3828, 13, 390, 30334, 326, 4948, 1475, 22614, 13, 1160, 598, 273, 2601, 285, 14126, 15991, 13, 326, 4483, 8545, 48009, 281, 13185, 2112, 253, 11083, 1341, 15, 1310, 16203, 249, 310, 13572, 13, 841, 48009, 3468, 1066, 15, 40561, 3056, 273, 21502, 1539, 2486, 23028, 22135, 273, 3075, 285, 697, 2330, 9099, 273, 13444, 13255, 13, 775, 3178, 302, 14665, 11036, 447, 13, 10332, 13, 10160, 4182, 293, 5895, 13, 285, 717, 1065, 569, 15, 1583, 452, 644, 27948, 715, 3510, 581, 949, 2620, 13, 3738, 690, 2151, 513, 417, 4944, 973, 715, 436, 9162, 285, 513, 417, 512, 452, 12059, 3075, 22135, 285, 16, 263, 45852, 1159, 4681, 26, 43847, 62, 21502, 1539, 1511, 309, 310, 253, 954, 1846, 830, 273, 21502, 1539, 15, 733, 310, 4269, 407, 247, 10577, 275, 253, 322, 5736, 7988, 18, 3320, 285, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 11360, 3102, 15, 21502, 1539, 1511, 374, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 411, 19752, 18, 3320, 285, 24954, 310, 48981, 24096, 422, 964, 21502, 1539, 1511, 495, 313, 51, 11416, 14, 15490, 9237, 390, 36490, 7915, 1920, 11168, 571, 10, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 309, 26498, 44, 2088, 3320, 285, 24954, 310, 48981, 24096, 422, 15, 21502, 1539, 1511, 577, 13, 671, 1925, 28296, 1210, 22247, 281, 3075, 342, 271, 73, 301, 11503, 313, 36, 3123, 34, 582, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 427, 3125, 44, 18, 3320, 285, 310, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 8984, 15, 21502, 1539, 1511, 608, 310, 4269, 407, 9197, 275, 253, 427, 4161, 35, 3320, 285, 20265, 275, 271, 48981, 24096, 422, 5133, 15 ]
What are the stages of Hairy Cell Leukemia ?
Key Points - There is no standard staging system for hairy cell leukemia. There is no standard staging system for hairy cell leukemia. Staging is the process used to find out how far the cancer has spread. Groups are used in place of stages for hairy cell leukemia. The disease is grouped as untreated, progressive, or refractory. Untreated hairy cell leukemia The hairy cell leukemia is newly diagnosed and has not been treated except to relieve signs or symptoms such as weight loss and infections. In untreated hairy cell leukemia, some or all of the following conditions occur: - Hairy (leukemia) cells are found in the blood and bone marrow. - The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets may be lower than normal. - The spleen may be larger than normal. Progressive hairy cell leukemia In progressive hairy cell leukemia, the leukemia has been treated with either chemotherapy or splenectomy (removal of the spleen) and one or both of the following conditions occur: - There is an increase in the number of hairy cells in the blood or bone marrow. - The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, or platelets in the blood is lower than normal.
[ 1276, 403, 253, 8661, 273, 388, 17608, 11641, 2070, 2788, 9512, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 1707, 310, 642, 2629, 28727, 985, 323, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 310, 642, 2629, 28727, 985, 323, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 15, 187, 50258, 998, 2977, 310, 253, 1232, 908, 281, 1089, 562, 849, 2080, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 15, 28818, 403, 908, 275, 1659, 273, 8661, 323, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 15, 380, 2728, 310, 24104, 347, 20716, 13, 13439, 13, 390, 34708, 15, 50271, 2447, 9415, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 50273, 510, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 310, 9841, 11245, 285, 556, 417, 644, 4127, 3707, 281, 29522, 7871, 390, 5917, 824, 347, 2801, 2957, 285, 10332, 15, 496, 20716, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 13, 690, 390, 512, 273, 253, 1563, 2515, 2826, 27, 50266, 14, 388, 17608, 313, 282, 2788, 9512, 10, 1341, 403, 1119, 275, 253, 2614, 285, 5961, 18440, 15, 50273, 14, 380, 1180, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 13, 3168, 2614, 1341, 13, 390, 32359, 778, 320, 2406, 685, 2622, 15, 50273, 14, 380, 26528, 778, 320, 4067, 685, 2622, 15, 50262, 1845, 11020, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 50273, 688, 13439, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 13, 253, 23299, 556, 644, 4127, 342, 2057, 13215, 390, 48507, 28857, 313, 2013, 19249, 273, 253, 26528, 10, 285, 581, 390, 1097, 273, 253, 1563, 2515, 2826, 27, 50266, 14, 1707, 310, 271, 2572, 275, 253, 1180, 273, 4707, 90, 1341, 275, 253, 2614, 390, 5961, 18440, 15, 50273, 14, 380, 1180, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 13, 3168, 2614, 1341, 13, 390, 32359, 275, 253, 2614, 310, 2406, 685, 2622, 15 ]
[ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1 ]
[ 1276, 403, 253, 8661, 273, 388, 17608, 11641, 2070, 2788, 9512, 3736, 4814, 31411, 187, 50258, 14, 1707, 310, 642, 2629, 28727, 985, 323, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 15, 187, 50262, 187, 50262, 187, 50258, 2512, 310, 642, 2629, 28727, 985, 323, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 15, 187, 50258, 998, 2977, 310, 253, 1232, 908, 281, 1089, 562, 849, 2080, 253, 2923, 556, 5195, 15, 28818, 403, 908, 275, 1659, 273, 8661, 323, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 15, 380, 2728, 310, 24104, 347, 20716, 13, 13439, 13, 390, 34708, 15, 50271, 2447, 9415, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 50273, 510, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 310, 9841, 11245, 285, 556, 417, 644, 4127, 3707, 281, 29522, 7871, 390, 5917, 824, 347, 2801, 2957, 285, 10332, 15, 496, 20716, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 13, 690, 390, 512, 273, 253, 1563, 2515, 2826, 27, 50266, 14, 388, 17608, 313, 282, 2788, 9512, 10, 1341, 403, 1119, 275, 253, 2614, 285, 5961, 18440, 15, 50273, 14, 380, 1180, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 13, 3168, 2614, 1341, 13, 390, 32359, 778, 320, 2406, 685, 2622, 15, 50273, 14, 380, 26528, 778, 320, 4067, 685, 2622, 15, 50262, 1845, 11020, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 50273, 688, 13439, 4707, 90, 894, 23299, 13, 253, 23299, 556, 644, 4127, 342, 2057, 13215, 390, 48507, 28857, 313, 2013, 19249, 273, 253, 26528, 10, 285, 581, 390, 1097, 273, 253, 1563, 2515, 2826, 27, 50266, 14, 1707, 310, 271, 2572, 275, 253, 1180, 273, 4707, 90, 1341, 275, 253, 2614, 390, 5961, 18440, 15, 50273, 14, 380, 1180, 273, 2502, 2614, 1341, 13, 3168, 2614, 1341, 13, 390, 32359, 275, 253, 2614, 310, 2406, 685, 2622, 15 ]