{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2016-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2016", "event_name": "Penguin integrated into core", "change_type": "link spam quality", "source_key": "google_spam_policies", "source_url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/essentials/spam-policies", "roofing_search_implication": "Aggressive link tactics became harder to treat as a durable local moat.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2018-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2018", "event_name": "Broad core quality era accelerates", "change_type": "quality and trust", "source_key": "google_helpful_content", "source_url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/creating-helpful-content", "roofing_search_implication": "Roofers could not rely only on keywords; page purpose, expertise, and reputation context mattered more.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2019-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2019", "event_name": "BERT and language understanding", "change_type": "natural language understanding", "source_key": "google_ai_optimization", "source_url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/ai-optimization-guide", "roofing_search_implication": "Exact-match keyword stacks became less important than answering real homeowner questions clearly.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2020-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2020", "event_name": "Passage-style understanding and richer SERP interpretation", "change_type": "content understanding", "source_key": "google_helpful_content", "source_url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/creating-helpful-content", "roofing_search_implication": "Sections, definitions, and FAQs became more valuable when they answered one clean sub-question.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2021-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2021", "event_name": "Product/review/link quality pressure", "change_type": "reviews and link integrity", "source_key": "google_maps_fake_engagement", "source_url": "https://support.google.com/contributionpolicy/answer/7400114", "roofing_search_implication": "Review provenance and link provenance started looking like operational risk controls, not marketing chores.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2022-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2022", "event_name": "Helpful content and spam cadence", "change_type": "people-first content", "source_key": "google_helpful_content", "source_url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/creating-helpful-content", "roofing_search_implication": "Mass local pages without real local evidence became fragile.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2023-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2023", "event_name": "Reviews, helpful content, spam, and core updates", "change_type": "trust surface tuning", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "The market needed stronger evidence: photos, case studies, credentials, review rules, and local proof.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2024-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2024", "event_name": "Core plus spam plus AI answer visibility", "change_type": "source usefulness", "source_key": "google_ai_optimization", "source_url": "https://developers.google.com/search/docs/fundamentals/ai-optimization-guide", "roofing_search_implication": "AI answers rewarded source material that was easy to cite, summarize, and verify.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2025-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2025", "event_name": "Repeated core and spam updates", "change_type": "quality durability", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "The winning playbook shifted from content volume to verified continuity across website, profiles, data, and real work.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "era", "start_date": "2026-01-01", "end_date": "", "year": "2026", "event_name": "March/May core updates and June 24 spam update", "change_type": "integrity pressure", "source_key": "google_june_2026_spam_update", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/incidents/YUX1peHev5a4fkxLDiUQ", "roofing_search_implication": "The June 24 spam update made public-safe proof architecture the smarter long-term bet.", "public_safe_note": "Era-level interpretation. Not a claim to know private ranking factors."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2026-06-24", "end_date": "2026-06-26", "year": "2026", "event_name": "June 2026 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_june_2026_spam_update", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/incidents/YUX1peHev5a4fkxLDiUQ", "roofing_search_implication": "The June 24 start is the hinge event for this report: search quality pressure moved directly against spammy local visibility tactics.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2026-05-21", "end_date": "2026-06-02", "year": "2026", "event_name": "May 2026 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "The May core update raised the importance of durable evidence and reduced dependence on single-tactic local SEO.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2026-03-27", "end_date": "2026-04-08", "year": "2026", "event_name": "March 2026 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "The March core update matters because it sat beside a spam update in the same month.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2026-03-24", "end_date": "2026-03-25", "year": "2026", "event_name": "March 2026 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "A short spam rollout before the March core update showed enforcement and core quality moving in the same season.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2025-12-11", "end_date": "2025-12-29", "year": "2025", "event_name": "December 2025 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Broad quality recalibration before the 2026 enforcement stack.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2025-08-26", "end_date": "2025-09-22", "year": "2025", "event_name": "August 2025 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Spam pressure continued into the AI answer era.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2025-06-30", "end_date": "2025-07-17", "year": "2025", "event_name": "June 2025 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Another broad update in the period where entity clarity, helpfulness, and trust surfaces mattered more.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2025-03-13", "end_date": "2025-03-27", "year": "2025", "event_name": "March 2025 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "A reminder that broad ranking changes are now routine operating weather.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-12-19", "end_date": "2024-12-26", "year": "2024", "event_name": "December 2024 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "The spam lane kept tightening after AI Overviews reached the public conversation.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-12-12", "end_date": "2024-12-18", "year": "2024", "event_name": "December 2024 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Back-to-back core and spam pressure made flimsy local playbooks riskier.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-11-11", "end_date": "2024-12-05", "year": "2024", "event_name": "November 2024 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Broad update pressure before the December spam lane.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-08-15", "end_date": "2024-09-03", "year": "2024", "event_name": "August 2024 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "A quality update year in which helpfulness, reputation, and source clarity became impossible to ignore.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-06-20", "end_date": "2024-06-27", "year": "2024", "event_name": "June 2024 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Spam enforcement remained visible before the 2026 local roofing cleanup argument.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-03-05", "end_date": "2024-03-20", "year": "2024", "event_name": "March 2024 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Spam update paired with the landmark March 2024 core update.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2024-03-05", "end_date": "2024-04-19", "year": "2024", "event_name": "March 2024 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "A major core rollout that established the pattern: helpfulness, abuse reduction, and quality systems were converging.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2023-11-08", "end_date": "2023-12-07", "year": "2023", "event_name": "November 2023 reviews update", "change_type": "reviews update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Review quality became a durable part of trust evaluation.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2023-11-02", "end_date": "2023-11-28", "year": "2023", "event_name": "November 2023 core update", "change_type": "core update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Core ranking changes reinforced the need for original evidence.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2023-10-04", "end_date": "2023-10-20", "year": "2023", "event_name": "October 2023 spam update", "change_type": "spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Spam systems continued to target manipulative patterns.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2023-09-14", "end_date": "2023-09-28", "year": "2023", "event_name": "September 2023 helpful content update", "change_type": "helpful content update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "Helpful content became central to the local contractor conversation.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2022-08-25", "end_date": "2022-09-09", "year": "2022", "event_name": "August 2022 helpful content update", "change_type": "helpful content update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "The language of helpful content became a practical warning against thin city pages.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}
{"record_type": "public_update", "start_date": "2021-07-26", "end_date": "2021-08-24", "year": "2021", "event_name": "July 2021 link spam update", "change_type": "link spam update", "source_key": "google_search_status_history", "source_url": "https://status.search.google.com/products/rGHU1u87FJnkP6W2GwMi/history", "roofing_search_implication": "A link-trust reminder: source-spine work should earn citations, not manufacture them.", "public_safe_note": "Public Search Status Dashboard record. This does not predict or guarantee rankings."}