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+ ---
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+ configs:
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+ - config_name: af
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: af.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ar
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ar.jsonl
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+ - config_name: az
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: az.jsonl
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+ - config_name: be
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: be.jsonl
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+ - config_name: bg
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: bg.jsonl
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+ - config_name: bn
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: bn.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ca
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ca.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ceb
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ceb.jsonl
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+ - config_name: cs
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: cs.jsonl
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+ - config_name: cy
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: cy.jsonl
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+ - config_name: da
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: da.jsonl
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+ - config_name: de
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: de.jsonl
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+ - config_name: el
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: el.jsonl
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+ - config_name: en
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: en.jsonl
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+ - config_name: es
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: es.jsonl
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+ - config_name: et
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: et.jsonl
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+ - config_name: eu
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: eu.jsonl
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+ - config_name: fa
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: fa.jsonl
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+ - config_name: fi
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: fi.jsonl
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+ - config_name: fr
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: fr.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ga
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ga.jsonl
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+ - config_name: gl
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: gl.jsonl
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+ - config_name: he
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: he.jsonl
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+ - config_name: hi
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: hi.jsonl
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+ - config_name: hr
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: hr.jsonl
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+ - config_name: hu
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: hu.jsonl
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+ - config_name: hy
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: hy.jsonl
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+ - config_name: id
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: id.jsonl
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+ - config_name: it
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: it.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ja
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ja.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ka
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ka.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ko
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ko.jsonl
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+ - config_name: la
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: la.jsonl
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+ - config_name: lt
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: lt.jsonl
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+ - config_name: lv
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: lv.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ms
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ms.jsonl
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+ - config_name: nl
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: nl.jsonl
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+ - config_name: pl
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: pl.jsonl
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+ - config_name: pt
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: pt.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ro
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ro.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ru
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ru.jsonl
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+ - config_name: sk
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: sk.jsonl
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+ - config_name: sl
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: sl.jsonl
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+ - config_name: sr
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: sr.jsonl
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+ - config_name: sv
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: sv.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ta
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ta.jsonl
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+ - config_name: th
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: th.jsonl
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+ - config_name: tr
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: tr.jsonl
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+ - config_name: uk
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: uk.jsonl
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+ - config_name: ur
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: ur.jsonl
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+ - config_name: vi
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: vi.jsonl
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+ - config_name: zh
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+ data_files:
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+ - split: test
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+ path: zh.jsonl
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+ ---
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+
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+ # Dataset Description
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+ This is the BMLAMA53 dataset of our EMNLP 2023 paper [Cross-Lingual Consistency of Factual Knowledge in Multilingual Language Models](https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.658/).
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+ If you are interested in more datapoints, see our [BMLAMA17](https://huggingface.co/datasets/JRQi/BMLAMA53).
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+
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+ If you find the dataset useful, please cite it as follows:
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+ ```bibtex
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+ @inproceedings{qi-etal-2023-cross,
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+ title = "Cross-Lingual Consistency of Factual Knowledge in Multilingual Language Models",
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+ author = "Qi, Jirui and
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+ Fern{\'a}ndez, Raquel and
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+ Bisazza, Arianna",
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+ editor = "Bouamor, Houda and
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+ Pino, Juan and
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+ Bali, Kalika",
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+ booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
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+ month = dec,
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+ year = "2023",
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+ address = "Singapore",
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+ publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
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+ url = "https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.658/",
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+ doi = "10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.658",
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+ pages = "10650--10666",
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+ abstract = "Multilingual large-scale Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have been shown to store considerable amounts of factual knowledge, but large variations are observed across languages. With the ultimate goal of ensuring that users with different language backgrounds obtain consistent feedback from the same model, we study the cross-lingual consistency (CLC) of factual knowledge in various multilingual PLMs. To this end, we propose a Ranking-based Consistency (RankC) metric to evaluate knowledge consistency across languages independently from accuracy. Using this metric, we conduct an in-depth analysis of the determining factors for CLC, both at model level and at language-pair level. Among other results, we find that increasing model size leads to higher factual probing accuracy in most languages, but does not improve cross-lingual consistency. Finally, we conduct a case study on CLC when new factual associations are inserted in the PLMs via model editing. Results on a small sample of facts inserted in English reveal a clear pattern whereby the new piece of knowledge transfers only to languages with which English has a high RankC score. All code and data are released at https://github.com/Betswish/Cross-Lingual-Consistency."
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+ }