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---
#https://www.notion.so/n8n/Frontmatter-432c2b8dff1f43d4b1c8d20075510fe4
contentType: explanation
---
# Data structure
In n8n, all data passed between nodes is an array of objects. It has the following structure:
```json
[
{
// For most data:
// Wrap each item in another object, with the key 'json'
"json": {
// Example data
"apple": "beets",
"carrot": {
"dill": 1
}
},
// For binary data:
// Wrap each item in another object, with the key 'binary'
"binary": {
// Example data
"apple-picture": {
"data": "....", // Base64 encoded binary data (required)
"mimeType": "image/png", // Best practice to set if possible (optional)
"fileExtension": "png", // Best practice to set if possible (optional)
"fileName": "example.png", // Best practice to set if possible (optional)
}
}
},
]
```
/// note | Skipping the `json` key and array syntax
From 0.166.0 on, when using the Function node or Code node, n8n automatically adds the `json` key if it's missing. It also automatically wraps your items in an array (`[]`) if needed. This is only the case when using the Function or Code nodes. When building your own nodes, you must still make sure the node returns data with the `json` key.
///
## Data item processing
--8<-- "_snippets/flow-logic/data-flow-nodes.md"
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