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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Municipal%20or%20urban%20engineering | Municipal or urban engineering applies the tools of science, art and engineering in an urban environment.
Municipal engineering is concerned with municipal infrastructure. This involves specifying, designing, constructing, and maintaining streets, sidewalks, water supply networks, sewers, street lighting, municipal s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%E2%80%93Newton%20equation | The Schrödinger–Newton equation, sometimes referred to as the Newton–Schrödinger or Schrödinger–Poisson equation, is a nonlinear modification of the Schrödinger equation with a Newtonian gravitational potential, where the gravitational potential emerges from the treatment of the wave function as a mass density, includi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common-mode%20rejection%20ratio | In electronics, the common mode rejection ratio (CMRR) of a differential amplifier (or other device) is a metric used to quantify the ability of the device to reject common-mode signals, i.e. those that appear simultaneously and in-phase on both inputs. An ideal differential amplifier would have infinite CMRR, however ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20communication%20satellite%20companies | This is a list of all companies currently operating at least one commercial communication satellite or currently has one on order.
Global Top 20
The World Teleport Association publishes lists of companies based on revenues from all customized communications sources and includes operators of teleports and satellite fl... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software%20rot | Software rot (bit rot, code rot, software erosion, software decay, or software entropy) is either a slow deterioration of software quality over time or its diminishing responsiveness that will eventually lead to software becoming faulty, unusable, or in need of upgrade. This is not a physical phenomenon; the software d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R/K%20selection%20theory | In ecology, r/K selection theory relates to the selection of combinations of traits in an organism that trade off between quantity and quality of offspring. The focus on either an increased quantity of offspring at the expense of individual parental investment of r-strategists, or on a reduced quantity of offspring wit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended%20Data%20Services | Extended Data Services (now XDS, previously EDS), is an American standard classified under Electronic Industries Alliance standard CEA-608-E for the delivery of any ancillary data (metadata) to be sent with an analog television program, or any other NTSC video signal.
XDS is used by TV stations, TV networks, and TV p... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finite-difference%20time-domain%20method | Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) or Yee's method (named after the Chinese American applied mathematician Kane S. Yee, born 1934) is a numerical analysis technique used for modeling computational electrodynamics (finding approximate solutions to the associated system of differential equations). Since it is a time-d... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial%20brain | An artificial brain (or artificial mind) is software and hardware with cognitive abilities similar to those of the animal or human brain.
Research investigating "artificial brains" and brain emulation plays three important roles in science:
An ongoing attempt by neuroscientists to understand how the human brain works,... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literal%20%28computer%20programming%29 | In computer science, a literal is a textual representation (notation) of a value as it is written in source code. Almost all programming languages have notations for atomic values such as integers, floating-point numbers, and strings, and usually for booleans and characters; some also have notations for elements of en... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polarimetry | Polarimetry is the measurement and interpretation of the polarization of transverse waves, most notably electromagnetic waves, such as radio or light waves. Typically polarimetry is done on electromagnetic waves that have traveled through or have been reflected, refracted or diffracted by some material in order to char... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%20prism | A Nicol prism is a type of polarizer. It is an optical device made from calcite crystal used to convert ordinary light into plane polarized light. It is made in such a way that it eliminates one of the rays by total internal reflection, i.e. the ordinary ray is eliminated and only the extraordinary ray is transmitted t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composability | Composability is a system design principle that deals with the inter-relationships of components. A highly composable system provides components that can be selected and assembled in various combinations to satisfy specific user requirements. In information systems, the essential features that make a component composa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart%20cow%20problem | The smart cow problem is the concept that, when a group of individuals is faced with a technically difficult task, only one of their members has to solve it. When the problem has been solved once, an easily repeatable method may be developed, allowing the less technically proficient members of the group to accomplish t... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nixtamalization | Nixtamalization () is a process for the preparation of maize, or other grain, in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater (but sometimes aqueous alkali metal carbonates), washed, and then hulled. The term can also refer to the removal via an alkali process of the pericarp from oth... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NatureServe%20conservation%20status | The NatureServe conservation status system, maintained and presented by NatureServe in cooperation with the Natural Heritage Network, was developed in the United States in the 1980s by The Nature Conservancy (TNC) as a means for ranking or categorizing the relative imperilment of species of plants, animals, or other or... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level%20%28video%20games%29 | In video games, a level (also referred to as a map, stage, or round in some older games) is any space available to the player during the course of completion of an objective. Video game levels generally have progressively increasing difficulty to appeal to players with different skill levels. Each level may present new... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object%20composition | In computer science, object composition and object aggregation are closely related ways to combine objects or data types into more complex ones. In conversation the distinction between composition and aggregation is often ignored. Common kinds of compositions are objects used in object-oriented programming, tagged uni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function%20composition%20%28computer%20science%29 | In computer science, function composition is an act or mechanism to combine simple functions to build more complicated ones. Like the usual composition of functions in mathematics, the result of each function is passed as the argument of the next, and the result of the last one is the result of the whole.
Programmers ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stevenson%20screen | A Stevenson screen or instrument shelter is a shelter or an enclosure to meteorological instruments against precipitation and direct heat radiation from outside sources, while still allowing air to circulate freely around them. It forms part of a standard weather station and holds instruments that may include thermome... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global%20Telecommunications%20System | The Global Telecommunication System (GTS) is a secured communication network enabling real-time exchange of meteorological data from weather stations, satellites and numerical weather prediction centres, providing critical meteorological forecasting, warnings, and alerts. It was established by the World Meteorological ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sethusamudram%20Shipping%20Canal%20Project | Sethusamudram Shipping Canal Project () is a proposed project to create a shipping route in the shallow straits between India and Sri Lanka. This would provide a continuously navigable sea route around the Indian Peninsula. The channel would be dredged in the Sethusamudram sea between Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka, passing ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHUT-TV | WHUT-TV (channel 32) is the secondary PBS member television station in Washington, D.C. The station is owned by Howard University, a historically black college, and is sister to commercial urban contemporary radio station WHUR-FM (96.3). WHUT-TV's studios are located on the Howard University campus, and its transmitter... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libquantum | Libquantum is a C library quantum mechanics simulator originally focused on virtual quantum computers. It is licensed under the GNU GPL. It was a part of SPEC 2006. The latest version is stated to be v1.1.1 (Jan 2013) on the mailing list, but on the website there is only v0.9.1 from 2007.
An author of libquantum, Hend... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjugacy%20class%20sum | In abstract algebra, a conjugacy class sum, or simply class sum, is a function defined for each conjugacy class of a finite group G as the sum of the elements in that conjugacy class. The class sums of a group form a basis for the center of the associated group algebra.
Definition
Let G be a finite group, and let C1,.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shadow%20price | A shadow price is the monetary value assigned to an abstract or intangible commodity which is not traded in the marketplace. This often takes the form of an externality. Shadow prices are also known as the recalculation of known market prices in order to account for the presence of distortionary market instruments (e.g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olga%20Ladyzhenskaya | Olga Aleksandrovna Ladyzhenskaya (; 7 March 1922 – 12 January 2004) was a Russian mathematician who worked on partial differential equations, fluid dynamics, and the finite difference method for the Navier–Stokes equations. She received the Lomonosov Gold Medal in 2002. She is the author of more than two hundred scie... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holarctic%20realm | The Holarctic realm is a biogeographic realm that comprises the majority of habitats found throughout the continents in the Northern Hemisphere. It corresponds to the floristic Boreal Kingdom. It includes both the Nearctic zoogeographical region (which covers most of North America), and Alfred Wallace's Palearctic zoog... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code-talker%20paradox | A code-talker paradox is a situation in which a language prevents communication. As an issue in linguistics, the paradox raises questions about the fundamental nature of languages. As such, the paradox is a problem in philosophy of language.
The term code-talker paradox was coined in 2001 by Mark Baker to describe ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-the-record%20messaging | Off-the-Record Messaging (OTR) is a cryptographic protocol that provides encryption for instant messaging conversations. OTR uses a combination of AES symmetric-key algorithm with 128 bits key length, the Diffie–Hellman key exchange with 1536 bits group size, and the SHA-1 hash function. In addition to authentication a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%40stake | ATstake, Inc. was a computer security professional services company in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1999 by Battery Ventures (Tom Crotty, Sunil Dhaliwal, and Scott Tobin) and Ted Julian. Its initial core team of technologists included Dan Geer (Chief Technical Officer) and the east coast s... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dielectric%20heating | Dielectric heating, also known as electronic heating, radio frequency heating, and high-frequency heating, is the process in which a radio frequency (RF) alternating electric field, or radio wave or microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material. At higher frequencies, this heating is caused by molecul... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backup%20validation | Backup validation is the process whereby owners of computer data may examine how their data was backed up in order to understand what their risk of data loss might be. It also speaks to optimization of such processes, charging for them as well as estimating future requirements, sometimes called capacity planning.
Hist... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circular%20shift | In combinatorial mathematics, a circular shift is the operation of rearranging the entries in a tuple, either by moving the final entry to the first position, while shifting all other entries to the next position, or by performing the inverse operation. A circular shift is a special kind of cyclic permutation, which in... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20Area%20Transport | Local Area Transport (LAT) is a non-routable (data link layer) networking technology developed by Digital Equipment Corporation to provide connection between the DECserver terminal servers and Digital's VAX and Alpha and MIPS host computers via Ethernet, giving communication between those hosts and serial devices such ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Height%20above%20ground%20level | In aviation, atmospheric sciences and broadcasting, a height above ground level (AGL or HAGL) is a height measured with respect to the underlying ground surface. This is as opposed to height above mean sea level (AMSL or HAMSL), height above ellipsoid (HAE, as reported by a GPS receiver), or height above average terrai... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20materials%20analysis%20methods | This is a list of analysis methods used in materials science. Analysis methods are listed by their acronym, if one exists.
Symbols
μSR – see muon spin spectroscopy
χ – see magnetic susceptibility
A
AAS – Atomic absorption spectroscopy
AED – Auger electron diffraction
AES – Auger electron spectroscopy
AFM – Ato... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scenario%20%28computing%29 | In computing, a scenario (, ; loaned (), ) is a narrative of foreseeable interactions of user roles (known in the Unified Modeling Language as 'actors') and the technical system, which usually includes computer hardware and software.
A scenario has a goal, which is usually functional. A scenario describes one way tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuum%20limit | In mathematical physics and mathematics, the continuum limit or scaling limit of a lattice model refers to its behaviour in the limit as the lattice spacing goes to zero. It is often useful to use lattice models to approximate real-world processes, such as Brownian motion. Indeed, according to Donsker's theorem, the di... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low%20Pin%20Count | The Low Pin Count (LPC) bus is a computer bus used on IBM-compatible personal computers to connect low-bandwidth devices to the CPU, such as the BIOS ROM (BIOS ROM was moved to the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus in 2006), "legacy" I/O devices (integrated into Super I/O, Embedded Controller, CPLD, and/or IPMI chi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbitrated%20loop | The arbitrated loop, also known as FC-AL, is a Fibre Channel topology in which devices are connected in a one-way loop fashion in a ring topology. Historically it was a lower-cost alternative to a fabric topology. It allowed connection of many servers and computer storage devices without using then very costly Fibre C... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switched%20fabric | Switched fabric or switching fabric is a network topology in which network nodes interconnect via one or more network switches (particularly crossbar switches). Because a switched fabric network spreads network traffic across multiple physical links, it yields higher total throughput than broadcast networks, such as th... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline%20of%20solar%20cells | In the 19th century, it was observed that the sunlight striking certain materials generates detectable electric current – the photoelectric effect. This discovery laid the foundation for solar cells. Solar cells have gone on to be used in many applications. They have historically been used in situations where electrica... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structure%20of%20Management%20Information | In computing, the Structure of Management Information (SMI), an adapted subset of ASN.1, is a technical language used in definitions of Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and its extensions to define sets ("modules") of related managed objects in a Management Information Base (MIB).
SMI subdivides into three pa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volume%20element | In mathematics, a volume element provides a means for integrating a function with respect to volume in various coordinate systems such as spherical coordinates and cylindrical coordinates. Thus a volume element is an expression of the form
where the are the coordinates, so that the volume of any set can be computed... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contraflexure | In solid mechanics, a point along a beam under a lateral load is known as a point of contraflexure if the bending moment about the point equals zero. In a bending moment diagram, it is the point at which the bending moment curve intersects with the zero line (i.e. where the bending moment reverses direction along the b... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard%20Mlodinow | Leonard Mlodinow (; November 26, 1954) is an American theoretical physicist and mathematician, screenwriter and author. In physics, he is known for his work on the large N expansion, a method of approximating the spectrum of atoms based on the consideration of an infinite-dimensional version of the problem, and for his... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mcrypt | mcrypt is a replacement for the popular Unix crypt command. crypt was a file encryption tool that used an algorithm very close to the World War II Enigma cipher. Mcrypt provides the same functionality but uses several modern algorithms such as AES. Libmcrypt, Mcrypt's companion, is a library of code that contains the a... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundig | Grundig ( , ) is a Turkish consumer electronics manufacturer owned by the Arçelik A.Ş., the white goods (major appliance) manufacturer of Turkish conglomerate Koç Holding. The company made domestic appliances and personal-care products.
Originally a German consumer electronic company, Grundig GmbH was founded in 1945 ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material%20efficiency | Material efficiency is a description or metric (Mp) (the ratio of material used to the supplied material) which refers to decreasing the amount of a particular material needed to produce a specific product. Making a usable item out of thinner stock than a prior version increases the material efficiency of the manufact... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stephen%20L.%20Adler | Stephen Louis Adler (born November 30, 1939) is an American physicist specializing in elementary particles and field theory. He is currently professor emeritus in the school of natural sciences at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
Biography
Adler was born in New York City. He received an A.B.... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Pirate%20Bay | The Pirate Bay (sometimes abbreviated as TPB) is an online index of digital content of entertainment media and software. Founded in 2003 by Swedish think tank Piratbyrån, The Pirate Bay allows visitors to search, download, and contribute magnet links and torrent files, which facilitate peer-to-peer, file sharing among ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire%20ecology | Fire ecology is a scientific discipline concerned with the effects of fire on natural ecosystems. Many ecosystems, particularly prairie, savanna, chaparral and coniferous forests, have evolved with fire as an essential contributor to habitat vitality and renewal. Many plant species in fire-affected environments use fi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screen%20burn-in | Screen burn-in, image burn-in, ghost image, or shadow image, is a permanent discoloration of areas on an electronic display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT) in an old computer monitor or television set. It is caused by cumulative non-uniform use of the screen.
Newer liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) may suffer from a phe... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches%20Forschungsnetz | Deutsches Forschungsnetz ("German Research Network"), usually abbreviated to DFN, is the German national research and education network (NREN) used for academic and research purposes. It is managed by the scientific community organized in the voluntary Association to Promote a German Education and Research Network (Ver... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GoBack | Norton GoBack (previously WildFile GoBack, Adaptec GoBack, and Roxio GoBack) is a disk utility for Microsoft Windows that can record up to 8 GB of disk changes. When the filesystem is idle for a few seconds, it marks these as "safe points". The product allows the disk drive to be restored to any point within the availa... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological%20skeleton | In shape analysis, skeleton (or topological skeleton) of a shape is a thin version of that shape that is equidistant to its boundaries. The skeleton usually emphasizes geometrical and topological properties of the shape, such as its connectivity, topology, length, direction, and width. Together with the distance of its... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AND%20gate | The AND gate is a basic digital logic gate that implements logical conjunction (∧) from mathematical logic AND gate behaves according to the truth table. A HIGH output (1) results only if all the inputs to the AND gate are HIGH (1). If not all inputs to the AND gate are HIGH, LOW output results. The function can be ex... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OR%20gate | The OR gate is a digital logic gate that implements logical disjunction. The OR gate outputs "true" if any of its inputs are "true"; otherwise it outputs "false". The input and output states are normally represented by different voltage levels.
Description
Any OR gate can be constructed with two or more inputs. It ou... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Per%20Martin-L%C3%B6f | Per Erik Rutger Martin-Löf (; ; born 8 May 1942) is a Swedish logician, philosopher, and mathematical statistician. He is internationally renowned for his work on the foundations of probability, statistics, mathematical logic, and computer science. Since the late 1970s, Martin-Löf's publications have been mainly in lo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brouwer%E2%80%93Heyting%E2%80%93Kolmogorov%20interpretation | In mathematical logic, the Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation, or BHK interpretation, of intuitionistic logic was proposed by L. E. J. Brouwer and Arend Heyting, and independently by Andrey Kolmogorov. It is also sometimes called the realizability interpretation, because of the connection with the realizability ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teletext | Teletext, or broadcast teletext, is a standard for displaying text and rudimentary graphics on suitably equipped television sets. Teletext sends data in the broadcast signal, hidden in the invisible vertical blanking interval area at the top and bottom of the screen. The teletext decoder in the television buffers this ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naming%20convention%20%28programming%29 | In computer programming, a naming convention is a set of rules for choosing the character sequence to be used for identifiers which denote variables, types, functions, and other entities in source code and documentation.
Reasons for using a naming convention (as opposed to allowing programmers to choose any character ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authentication%20server | An authentication server provides a network service that applications use to authenticate the credentials, usually account names and passwords, of their users. When a client submits a valid set of credentials, it receives a cryptographic ticket that it can subsequently use to access various services.
Authentication is... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed%20File%20System%20%28Microsoft%29 | Distributed File System (DFS) is a set of client and server services that allow an organization using Microsoft Windows servers to organize many distributed SMB file shares into a distributed file system. DFS has two components to its service: Location transparency (via the namespace component) and Redundancy (via the ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vespertine%20%28biology%29 | Vespertine is a term used in the life sciences to indicate something of, relating to, or occurring in the evening. In botany, a vespertine flower is one that opens or blooms in the evening. In zoology, the term is used for a creature that becomes active at dusk, such as bats and owls. Strictly speaking, however, the te... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben%20Green%20%28mathematician%29 | Ben Joseph Green FRS (born 27 February 1977) is a British mathematician, specialising in combinatorics and number theory. He is the Waynflete Professor of Pure Mathematics at the University of Oxford.
Early life and education
Ben Green was born on 27 February 1977 in Bristol, England. He studied at local schools in B... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reference%20monitor | In operating systems architecture a reference monitor concept defines a set of design requirements on a reference validation mechanism, which enforces an access control policy over subjects' (e.g., processes and users) ability to perform operations (e.g., read and write) on objects (e.g., files and sockets) on a system... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservation%20status | The conservation status of a group of organisms (for instance, a species) indicates whether the group still exists and how likely the group is to become extinct in the near future. Many factors are taken into account when assessing conservation status: not simply the number of individuals remaining, but the overall inc... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flavour%20%28particle%20physics%29 | In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle. The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours of leptons. They are conventionally parameterized with flavour quantum numbers that are assigned to all subatomic particles. They can also be described by some of the... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploinsufficiency | Haploinsufficiency in genetics describes a model of dominant gene action in diploid organisms, in which a single copy of the wild-type allele at a locus in heterozygous combination with a variant allele is insufficient to produce the wild-type phenotype. Haploinsufficiency may arise from a de novo or inherited loss-of-... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC/SC | PC/SC (short for "Personal Computer/Smart Card") is a specification for smart-card integration into computing environments.
Microsoft has implemented PC/SC in Microsoft Windows 200x/XP and makes it available under Microsoft Windows NT/9x.
A free implementation of PC/SC, PC/SC Lite, is available for Linux and other Uni... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irreversible%20circuit | An irreversible circuit is a circuit whose inputs cannot be reconstructed from its outputs.
Such a circuit, of necessity, consumes energy.
See also
Reversible computing
Integrated circuits |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GRIB | GRIB (GRIdded Binary or General Regularly-distributed Information in Binary form) is a concise data format commonly used in meteorology to store historical and forecast weather data. It is standardized by the World Meteorological Organization's Commission for Basic Systems, known under number GRIB FM 92-IX, described ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impredicativity | In mathematics, logic and philosophy of mathematics, something that is impredicative is a self-referencing definition. Roughly speaking, a definition is impredicative if it invokes (mentions or quantifies over) the set being defined, or (more commonly) another set that contains the thing being defined. There is no gene... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer%20London%20Defence%20Ring | The Outer London Defence Ring was a defensive ring built around London during the early part of the Second World War. It was intended as a defence against a German invasion, and was part of a national network of similar "Stop Lines".
In June 1940 under the direction of General Edmund Ironside, concentric rings of anti... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crookes%20tube | A Crookes tube (also Crookes–Hittorf tube) is an early experimental electrical discharge tube, with partial vacuum, invented by English physicist William Crookes and others around 1869-1875, in which cathode rays, streams of electrons, were discovered.
Developed from the earlier Geissler tube, the Crookes tube consis... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical%20dimension | In the renormalization group analysis of phase transitions in physics, a critical dimension is the dimensionality of space at which the character of the phase transition changes. Below the lower critical dimension there is no phase transition. Above the upper critical dimension the critical exponents of the theory beco... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari%20ST%20BASIC | Atari ST BASIC (or ST Basic) was the first dialect of BASIC that was produced for the Atari ST line of computers. This BASIC interpreter was bundled with all new STs in the early years of the ST's lifespan, and quickly became the standard BASIC for that platform. However, many users disliked it, and improved dialects o... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name%20Service%20Switch | The Name Service Switch (NSS) connects the computer with a variety of sources of common configuration databases and name resolution mechanisms. These sources include local operating system files (such as , , and ), the Domain Name System (DNS), the Network Information Service (NIS, NIS+), and LDAP.
This operating syst... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows%20Fundamentals%20for%20Legacy%20PCs | Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs ("WinFLP") is a thin client release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft and optimized for older, less powerful hardware. It was released on July 8, 2006, nearly two years after its Windows XP SP2 counterpart was released in August 2004, and is not marketed as a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brinkmann%20coordinates | Brinkmann coordinates are a particular coordinate system for a spacetime belonging to the family of pp-wave metrics. They are named for Hans Brinkmann. In terms of these coordinates, the metric tensor can be written as
where , the coordinate vector field dual to the covector field , is a null vector field. Indeed, g... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian%20tortoise | The Russian tortoise (Testudo horsfieldii), also commonly known as the Afghan tortoise, the Central Asian tortoise, Horsfield's tortoise, four-clawed tortoise, and the (Russian) steppe tortoise, as well as the "Four-Toed Tortoise" is a threatened species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is endemic to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exile%20%281988%20video%20game%20series%29 | is an action role-playing video game series developed by Telenet Japan. The first two games in the series, XZR and XZR II were both released in Japan in 1988, with versions available for the NEC PC-8801, NEC PC-9801, MSX2 and the X1 turbo (for the first game only). In 1991, a remake of XZR II simply titled Exile was re... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epigram%20%28programming%20language%29 | Epigram is a functional programming language with dependent types, and the integrated development environment (IDE) usually packaged with the language. Epigram's type system is strong enough to express program specifications. The goal is to support a smooth transition from ordinary programming to integrated programs an... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swivel | A swivel is a connection that allows the connected object, such as a gun, chair, swivel caster, or an anchor rode to rotate horizontally or vertically.
Swivel designs
A common design for a swivel is a cylindrical rod that can turn freely within a support structure. The rod is usually prevented from slipping out by a n... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramdisk | Scramdisk is a free on-the-fly encryption program for Windows 95, Windows 98, and Windows Me. A non-free version was also available for Windows NT.
The original Scramdisk is no longer maintained; its author, Shaun Hollingworth, joined Paul Le Roux (the author of E4M) to produce Scramdisk's commercial successor, DriveC... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network%20tap | A network tap is a system that monitors events on a local network. A tap is typically a dedicated hardware device, which provides a way to access the data flowing across a computer network.
The network tap has (at least) three ports: an A port, a B port, and a monitor port. A tap inserted between A and B passes all tr... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Original%20antigenic%20sin | Original antigenic sin, also known as antigenic imprinting, the Hoskins effect, or immunological imprinting, is the propensity of the immune system to preferentially use immunological memory based on a previous infection when a second slightly different version of that foreign pathogen (e.g. a virus or bacterium) is en... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Mozilla%20products | The following is a list of Mozilla Foundation / Mozilla Corp. products. All products, unless specified, are cross-platform by design.
Client applications
Firefox Browser - An open-source web browser.
Firefox Focus - A privacy-focused mobile web browser.
Firefox Reality - A web browser optimized for virtual realit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicore | Unicore is the name of a computer instruction set architecture designed by the Microprocessor Research and Development Center (MPRC) of Peking University in the PRC. The computer built on this architecture is called the Unity-863.
The CPU is integrated into a fully functional SoC to make a PC-like system.
The processo... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explicit%20symmetry%20breaking | In theoretical physics, explicit symmetry breaking is the breaking of a symmetry of a theory by terms in its defining equations of motion (most typically, to the Lagrangian or the Hamiltonian) that do not respect the symmetry. Usually this term is used in situations where these symmetry-breaking terms are small, so tha... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maynard%20operation%20sequence%20technique | Maynard operation sequence technique (MOST) is a predetermined motion time system that is used primarily in industrial settings to set the standard time in which a worker should perform a task. To calculate this, a task is broken down into individual motion elements, and each is assigned a numerical time value in unit... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microconnect%20distributed%20antenna | Microconnect distributed antennas (MDA) are small-cell local area (100 metre radius) transmitter-receivers usually fitted to lampposts and other street furniture in order to provide Wireless LAN, GSM and GPRS connectivity. They are therefore less obtrusive than the usual masts and antennas used for these purposes and m... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ocean%20Way%20Recording | Ocean Way Recording was a series of recording studios established by recording engineer and producer Allen Sides with locations in Los Angeles, California, Nashville, Tennessee, and Saint Barthélemy. Ocean Way Recording no longer operates recording facilities, but Ocean Way Nashville continues to operate under the owne... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q-matrix | In mathematics, a Q-matrix is a square matrix whose associated linear complementarity problem LCP(M,q) has a solution for every vector q.
Properties
M is a Q-matrix if there exists d > 0 such that LCP(M,0) and LCP(M,d) have a unique solution.
Any P-matrix is a Q-matrix. Conversely, if a matrix is a Z-matrix and a ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Functional%20integration%20%28neurobiology%29 | Functional integration is the study of how brain regions work together to process information and effect responses. Though functional integration frequently relies on anatomic knowledge of the connections between brain areas, the emphasis is on how large clusters of neurons – numbering in the thousands or millions – fi... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy%20re-encryption | Proxy re-encryption (PRE) schemes are cryptosystems which allow third parties (proxies) to alter a ciphertext which has been encrypted for one party, so that it may be decrypted by another.
Examples of use
A proxy re-encryption is generally used when one party, say Bob, wants to reveal the contents of messages sent to... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard%20cell | In semiconductor design, standard-cell methodology is a method of designing application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) with mostly digital-logic features. Standard-cell methodology is an example of design abstraction, whereby a low-level very-large-scale integration (VLSI) layout is encapsulated into an abstract ... |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VideoNow | The VideoNow is a portable video player produced by Hasbro and released by their subsidiary Tiger Electronics in 2003, and was considered the most popular product in Tiger's line of Now consumer products. The systems use discs called PVDs (which stands for Personal Video Disc), which can store about 30 minutes (half a... |
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