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license: mit
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---
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license: mit
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---
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# Oracle Bone Inscriptions Multi-modal Dataset (OBIMD)
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## Dataset Overview
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The Oracle Bone Inscriptions Multi-modal Dataset (OBIMD) is the first large-scale corpus providing pixel-aligned rubbings and facsimiles, character-level annotations, and sentence-level transcriptions and reading sequences for oracle bone inscription (OBI) research. This dataset enables multi-modal learning across visual, structural, and linguistic dimensions, laying the foundation for end-to-end OBI recognition and interpretation.
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<p align="center">
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<img src="figures/overview.png" alt="图片" width="80%" height="80%">
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</p>
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### Hugging Face Mirror
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This dataset is also available on Hugging Face Hub:<a href="https://huggingface.co/datasets/KLOBIP/OBIMD">🤗OBIMD Dataset</a>
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## Dataset Statistics
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- Total OBI images: 10,077 across five Shang Dynasty phases
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- Annotated characters: 93,652
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- Missing character positions: 21,667 (due to fragmentation)
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- Sentences: 21,941 syntactically validated
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- Non-sentential elements: 4,192
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## Data Structure
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The dataset follows a three-level hierarchy:
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1. Image-level: Contains rubbing and facsimile pairs
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2. Sentence-level: Groups characters into meaningful units
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3. Character-level: Detailed annotations for each character
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## Data Fields
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|Field Name|Description|Example|
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|-|-|-|
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|Facsimile|Path to facsimile image|moben/h00002.jpg|
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|Rubbing|Path to rubbing image|tapian/h00002.jpg|
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|RubbingName|Short identifier|H2|
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|GroupCategory|Sentence type|InscriptionSentence1|
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|Position|Bounding box (x,y,w,h)|558,581,80,218|
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|OrderNumber|Character order in sentence|5|
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|Label|Main character label|xkubtjk815|
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|SubLabel|Secondary label|xkubtjk815|
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|SeatFont|Placeholder indicator|0|
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|Mark|Special marker|-1|
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## Data Modalities
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1. Rubbing images: Original scanned images of oracle bones
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2. Facsimile images: Expert reconstructions aligned with rubbings
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3. Character annotations: Bounding boxes and classifications
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4. Sentence groupings: Semantic organization of characters
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5. Reading sequences: Order of characters within sentences
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## Usage Notes
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The dataset is designed to support various research tasks:
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- Character detection and recognition
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- Sentence-level character clustering
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- Character reordering within sentences
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- Multi-modal analysis (rubbing vs. facsimile)
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## Technical Validation
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### character-level detection
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### sentence-level clustering
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### character-level reordering
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## Citation
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If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:
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<!-- ```bibtex
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@article{li2024obimd,
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title={Oracle Bone Inscriptions Multi-modal Dataset},
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author={Li, Bang and Luo, Donghao and Liang, Yujie and others},
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journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2407.03900},
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year={2024},
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url={https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03900}
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}
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```
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## License
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The dataset is released for academic research purposes only. Commercial use requires special permission from the authors. -->
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