abstract stringlengths 3 192k | title stringlengths 4 857 |
|---|---|
in contrast to the water-poor planets of the inner solar system, stochasticity during planetary formation1,2 and order-of-magnitude deviations in exoplanet volatile contents3 suggest that rocky worlds engulfed in thick volatile ice layers4,5 are the dominant family of terrestrial analogues6,7 among the extrasolar plane... | a water budget dichotomy of rocky protoplanets from 26al-heating |
a comprehensive analysis of 38 previously published wide field camera 3 (wfc3) transmission spectra is performed using a hierarchy of nested-sampling retrievals: with versus without clouds, grey versus non-grey clouds, isothermal versus non-isothermal transit chords, and with water, hydrogen cyanide, and/or ammonia. we... | retrieval analysis of 38 wfc3 transmission spectra and resolution of the normalization degeneracy |
the significant role seagrass meadows play in supporting fisheries productivity and food security across the globe is not adequately reflected in the decisions made by authorities with statutory responsibility for their management. we provide a unique global analysis of three data sources to present the case for why se... | seagrass meadows support global fisheries production |
compound extremes pose immense challenges and hazards to communities, and this is particularly true for compound hydrometeorological extremes associated with deadly floods, surges, droughts, and heat waves. to mitigate and better adapt to compound hydrometeorological extremes, we need to better understand the state of ... | compound hydrometeorological extremes: drivers, mechanisms and methods |
we announce barycorrpy (bcpy) , a python implementation to calculate precise barycentric corrections well below the 1 cm/s level, following the algorithm of wright and eastman (2014). this level of precision is required in the search for 1 earth mass planets in the habitable zones of sun-like stars by the radial veloci... | python leap second management and implementation of precise barycentric correction (barycorrpy) |
due to the complicated structure and varying operating conditions of machinery in various applications, intelligent identification of the health state based on the vibration data is still a great challenge in fault diagnosis. in this paper, a variant of the convolutional neural network, named dynamic ensemble convoluti... | multi-level wavelet packet fusion in dynamic ensemble convolutional neural network for fault diagnosis |
in the past decade, astrochemistry has witnessed an impressive increase in the number of detections of complex organic molecules. some of these species are of prebiotic interest such as glycolaldehyde, the simplest sugar, or aminoacetonitrile, a possible precursor of glycine. recently, we have reported the detection of... | toward the rna-world in the interstellar medium—detection of urea and search of 2-amino-oxazole and simple sugars |
the kepler mission discovered 2842 exoplanet candidates with 2 yr of data. we provide updates to the kepler planet candidate sample based upon 3 yr (q1-q12) of data. through a series of tests to exclude false-positives, primarily caused by eclipsing binary stars and instrumental systematics, 855 additional planetary ca... | planetary candidates observed by kepler. v. planet sample from q1-q12 (36 months) |
we present an observational and theoretical study of the primary ionizing agents (cosmic rays (crs) and x-rays) in the tw hya protoplanetary disk. we use a set of resolved and unresolved observations of molecular ions and other molecular species, encompassing 11 lines total, in concert with a grid of disk chemistry mod... | constraining the x-ray and cosmic-ray ionization chemistry of the tw hya protoplanetary disk: evidence for a sub-interstellar cosmic-ray rate |
the streaming instability is a mechanism to concentrate solid particles into overdense filaments that undergo gravitational collapse and form planetesimals. however, it remains unclear how the initial mass function of these planetesimals depends on the box dimensions of numerical simulations. to resolve this, we perfor... | initial mass function of planetesimals formed by the streaming instability |
we present observations of two occultations of the extrasolar planet wasp-33b using the wide field camera 3 (wfc3) on the hubble space telescope, which allow us to constrain the temperature structure and composition of its dayside atmosphere. wasp-33b is the most highly irradiated hot jupiter discovered to date, and th... | spectroscopic evidence for a temperature inversion in the dayside atmosphere of hot jupiter wasp-33b |
the nasa kepler mission ha s discovered thousands of new planetary candidates, many of which have been confirmed through follow-up observations. a primary goal of the mission is to determine the occurrence rate of terrestrial-size planets within the habitable zone (hz) of their host stars. here we provide a list of hz ... | a catalog of kepler habitable zone exoplanet candidates |
based on data from the esa gaia data release 2 (dr2) and several ground-based, multi-band photometry surveys we have compiled an all-sky catalogue of 39 800 hot subluminous star candidates selected in gaia dr2 by means of colour, absolute magnitude, and reduced proper motion cuts. we expect the majority of the candidat... | the population of hot subdwarf stars studied with gaia. ii. the gaia dr2 catalogue of hot subluminous stars |
reconciling the geology of mars with models of atmospheric evolution remains a major challenge. martian geology is characterized by past evidence for episodic surface liquid water, and geochemistry indicating a slow and intermittent transition from wetter to drier and more oxidizing surface conditions. here we present ... | a coupled model of episodic warming, oxidation and geochemical transitions on early mars |
water ice is thought to be trapped in large permanently shadowed regions in the moon's polar regions, due to their extremely low temperatures. here, we show that many unmapped cold traps exist on small spatial scales, substantially augmenting the areas where ice may accumulate. using theoretical models and data from th... | micro cold traps on the moon |
we present a synergic study of protoplanetary disks to investigate links between inner-disk gas molecules and the large-scale migration of solid pebbles. the sample includes 63 disks where two types of measurements are available: (1) spatially resolved disk images revealing the radial distribution of disk pebbles (mill... | hints for icy pebble migration feeding an oxygen-rich chemistry in the inner planet-forming region of disks |
exoplanet emission spectra are often modelled assuming that the hemisphere observed is well represented by a horizontally homogenized atmosphere. however, this approximation will likely fail for planets with a large temperature contrast in the james webb space telescope (jwst) era, potentially leading to erroneous inte... | understanding and mitigating biases when studying inhomogeneous emission spectra with jwst |
we report the analysis of ogle-2019-blg-0960, which contains the smallest mass-ratio microlensing planet found to date (q = 1.2-1.6 × 10-5 at 1σ). although there is substantial uncertainty in the satellite parallax measured by spitzer, the measurement of the annual parallax effect combined with the finite source effect... | ogle-2019-blg-0960 lb: the smallest microlensing planet |
context. observations of exoplanet atmospheres have revealed the presence of cloud particles in their atmospheres. 3d modelling of cloud formation in atmospheres of extrasolar planets coupled to the atmospheric dynamics has long been a challenge.aims: we investigate the thermo-hydrodynamic properties of cloud formation... | dynamic mineral clouds on hd 189733b. i. 3d rhd with kinetic, non-equilibrium cloud formation |
using potential vorticity to define northern hemisphere (nh) stratospheric polar vortex strength and position, the influence of the qbo on the polar vortex in winter is analyzed. the results show that the weakened/enhanced nh polar vortex in the lower stratosphere during easterly/westerly qbo (e/wqbo) phases is more no... | seasonal evolution of the quasi-biennial oscillation impact on the northern hemisphere polar vortex in winter |
context. water is one of the key chemical elements in planetary structure modelling. due to its complex phase diagram, equations of state often only cover parts of the pressure-temperature space needed in planetary modelling.aims: we aim to construct an equation of state of h2o spanning a very wide range, from 0.1 pa t... | aqua: a collection of h2o equations of state for planetary models |
we carry out a phase-curve analysis of the kelt-9 system using photometric observations from nasa's transiting exoplanet survey satellite (tess). the measured secondary eclipse depth and peak-to-peak atmospheric brightness modulation are ${650}_{-15}^{+14}$ and 566 ± 16 ppm, respectively. the planet's brightness variat... | exploring the atmospheric dynamics of the extreme ultrahot jupiter kelt-9b using tess photometry |
present-day water loss from mars provides insight into mars's past habitability1-3. its main mechanism is thought to be jeans escape of a steady hydrogen reservoir sourced from odd-oxygen reactions with near-surface water vapour2, 4,5. the observed escape rate, however, is strongly variable and correlates poorly with s... | hydrogen escape from mars enhanced by deep convection in dust storms |
public databases contain a planetary collection of nucleic acid sequences, but their systematic exploration has been inhibited by a lack of efficient methods for searching this corpus, which (at the time of writing) exceeds 20 petabases and is growing exponentially1. here we developed a cloud computing infrastructure, ... | petabase-scale sequence alignment catalyses viral discovery |
conventional satellite platforms are limited in their ability to monitor rivers at fine spatial and temporal scales: suffering from unavoidable trade-offs between spatial and temporal resolutions. cubesat constellations, however, can provide global data at high spatial and temporal resolutions, albeit with reduced spec... | comparing discharge estimates made via the bam algorithm in high-order arctic rivers derived solely from optical cubesat, landsat, and sentinel-2 data |
recent years have seen growing interest in the streaming instability as a candidate mechanism to produce planetesimals. however, these investigations have been limited to small-scale simulations. we now present the results of a global protoplanetary disk evolution model that incorporates planetesimal formation by the s... | planetesimal formation by the streaming instability in a photoevaporating disk |
the excess of highly siderophile elements in the earth’s mantle is thought to reflect the addition of primitive meteoritic material after core formation ceased. this ‘late veneer’ either comprises material remaining in the terrestrial planet region after the main stages of the earth’s accretion, or derives from more di... | ruthenium isotopic evidence for an inner solar system origin of the late veneer |
plastic debris and marine microplastics are being discharged into the ocean at an alarming scale and have been observed throughout the marine environment. here we report microplastic in sediments of the challenger deep, the deepest known region on the planet, abyssal plains and hadal trenches located in the pacific oce... | the ocean's ultimate trashcan: hadal trenches as major depositories for plastic pollution |
context. low-mass stars are currently the best targets when searching for rocky planets in the habitable zone of their host star. over the last 13 yr, precise radial velocities measured with the harps spectrograph have identified over a dozen super-earths and earth-mass planets (msini ≤ 10m⊕) around m dwarfs, with a we... | the harps search for southern extra-solar planets. xli. a dozen planets around the m dwarfs gj 3138, gj 3323, gj 273, gj 628, and gj 3293 |
the time-variable velocity fields of solar-type stars limit the precision of radial-velocity determinations of their planets' masses, obstructing detection of earth twins. since 2015 july, we have been monitoring disc-integrated sunlight in daytime using a purpose-built solar telescope and fibre feed to the harps-n ste... | three years of sun-as-a-star radial-velocity observations on the approach to solar minimum |
the kepler mission has found thousands of planetary candidates with radii between 1 and 4 {{r}\oplus }. these planets have no analogues in our own solar system, providing an unprecedented opportunity to understand the range and distribution of planetary compositions allowed by planet formation and evolution. a precise ... | how rocky are they? the composition distribution of kepler's sub-neptune planet candidates within 0.15 au |
interstellar interlopers are bodies formed outside of the solar system but observed passing through it. the first two identified interlopers, 1i/`oumuamua and 2i/borisov, exhibited unexpectedly different physical properties. 1i/`oumuamua appeared unresolved and asteroid-like, whereas 2i/borisov was a more comet-like so... | the interstellar interlopers |
the near infrared imager and slitless spectrograph instrument (niriss) is the canadian space agency contribution to the suite of four science instruments of the james webb space telescope. as one of the three niriss observing modes, the single object slitless spectroscopy (soss) mode is tailor-made to undertake time-se... | the near infrared imager and slitless spectrograph for the james webb space telescope. iii. single object slitless spectroscopy |
we report the robust detection of coherent, localized deviations from keplerian rotation possibly associated with the presence of two giant planets embedded in the disk around hd 163296. the analysis is performed using the discminer channel map modeling framework on 12co j = 2-1 dsharp data. not only orbital radius but... | a new planet candidate detected in a dust gap of the disk around hd 163296 through localized kinematic signatures: an observational validation of the discminer |
context. the extent of the gas in protoplanetary discs is observed to be universally larger than the extent of the dust. this is often attributed to radial drift and grain growth of the millimetre grains, but line optical depth produces a similar observational signature.aims: we investigate in which parts of the disc s... | gas versus dust sizes of protoplanetary discs: effects of dust evolution |
aa tau is the archetype for a class of stars with a peculiar periodic photometric variability thought to be related to a warped inner disk structure with a nearly edge-on viewing geometry. we present high resolution (∼0.″2) alma observations of the 0.87 and 1.3 mm dust continuum emission from the disk around aa tau. th... | a multi-ringed, modestly inclined protoplanetary disk around aa tau |
rocky planets are common around other stars, but their atmospheric properties remain largely unconstrained. thanks to a wealth of recent planet discoveries and upcoming advances in observing capability, we are poised to characterize the atmospheres of dozens of rocky exoplanets in this decade. the theoretical understan... | atmospheres of rocky exoplanets |
scatterings of galactic dark matter (dm) particles with the constituents of celestial bodies could result in their accumulation within these objects. nevertheless, the finite temperature of the medium sets a minimum mass, the evaporation mass, that dm particles must have in order to remain trapped. dm particles below t... | evaporation of dark matter from celestial bodies |
we present the first jwst spectral energy distribution of a y dwarf. this spectral energy distribution of the y0 dwarf wise j035934.06-540154.6 consists of low-resolution (λ/δλ ~100) spectroscopy from 1-12 μm and three photometric points at 15, 18, and 21 μm. the spectrum exhibits numerous fundamental, overtone, and co... | the first jwst spectral energy distribution of a y dwarf |
we present observations of the class 0 protostar iras 16544-1604 in cb 68 from the "early planet formation in embedded disks (edisk)" alma large program. the alma observations target continuum and lines at 1.3 mm with an angular resolution of ~5 au. the continuum image reveals a dusty protostellar disk with a radius of... | early planet formation in embedded disks (edisk). vii. keplerian disk, disk substructure, and accretion streamers in the class 0 protostar iras 16544-1604 in cb 68 |
destiny+ is an upcoming jaxa epsilon medium-class mission to fly by the geminids meteor shower parent body (3200) phaethon. it will be the world's first spacecraft to escape from a near-geostationary transfer orbit into deep space using a low-thrust propulsion system. in doing so, destiny+ will demonstrate a number of ... | mission design of destiny+: toward active asteroid (3200) phaethon and multiple small bodies |
non‑perennial rivers and streams are ubiquitous on our planet. although several metrics have been used to statistically group or compare streamflow characteristics, there is currently no widely used definition of how many days or over what reach length surface flow must cease in order to classify a river as non‑perenni... | an overview of the hydrology of non‑perennial rivers and streams |
aims: the catalog of stars with exoplanets (sweet-cat) was originally introduced in 2013. since then many more exoplanets have been confirmed, increasing significantly the number of host stars listed there. a crucial step toward a comprehensive understanding of these new worlds is the precise and homogeneous characteri... | sweet-cat 2.0: the cat just got sweeter. higher quality spectra and precise parallaxes from gaia edr3 |
planets are born in protostellar disks, which are now observed with enough resolution to address questions about internal gas flows. magnetic forces are possibly drivers of the flows, but ionization state estimates suggest that much of the gas mass decouples from magnetic fields. thus, hydrodynamical instabilities coul... | radiation hydrodynamical turbulence in protoplanetary disks: numerical models and observational constraints |
we present analysis of the atmospheres of 70 gaseous extrasolar planets via transit spectroscopy with hubble's wide field camera 3 (wfc3). for over half of these, we statistically detect spectral modulation that our retrievals attribute to molecular species. among these, we use bayesian hierarchical modeling to search ... | exploring the ability of hubble space telescope wfc3 g141 to uncover trends in populations of exoplanet atmospheres through a homogeneous transmission survey of 70 gaseous planets |
planet formation is generally described in terms of a system containing the host star and a protoplanetary disk1-3, of which the internal properties (for example, mass and metallicity) determine the properties of the resulting planetary system4. however, (proto)planetary systems are predicted5,6 and observed7,8 to be a... | stellar clustering shapes the architecture of planetary systems |
the kepler mission is a space observatory launched in 2009 by nasa to monitor 170 000 stars over a period of four years to determine the frequency of earth-size and larger planets in and near the habitable zone of sun-like stars, the size and orbital distributions of these planets, and the types of stars they orbit. ke... | kepler mission: development and overview |
the james webb space telescope (jwst) may be capable of finding biogenic gases in the atmospheres of habitable exoplanets around low-mass stars. considerable attention has been given to the detectability of biogenic oxygen, which could be found using an ozone proxy, but ozone detection with jwst will be extremely chall... | detectability of biosignatures in anoxic atmospheres with the james webb space telescope: a trappist-1e case study |
partially ionized plasmas are found across the universe in many different astrophysical environments. they constitute an essential ingredient of the solar atmosphere, molecular clouds, planetary ionospheres and protoplanetary disks, among other environments, and display a richness of physical effects which are not pres... | partially ionized plasmas in astrophysics |
we study the steady-state orbital distributions of giant planets migrating through the combination of the kozai-lidov (kl) mechanism due to a stellar companion and friction due to tides raised on the planet by the host star. we run a large set of monte carlo simulations that describe the secular evolution of a star-pla... | steady-state planet migration by the kozai-lidov mechanism in stellar binaries |
we present the vortex image processing (vip) library, a python package dedicated to astronomical high-contrast imaging. our package relies on the extensive python stack of scientific libraries and aims to provide a flexible framework for high-contrast data and image processing. in this paper, we describe the capabiliti... | vip: vortex image processing package for high-contrast direct imaging |
we present preliminary trigonometric parallaxes of 184 late-t and y dwarfs using observations from spitzer (143), the u.s. naval observatory (18), the new technology telescope (14), and the united kingdom infrared telescope (9). to complete the 20 pc census of ≥t6 dwarfs, we combine these measurements with previously p... | preliminary trigonometric parallaxes of 184 late-t and y dwarfs and an analysis of the field substellar mass function into the “planetary” mass regime |
a new configuration of the community earth system model (cesm)/community atmosphere model with full chemistry (cam-chem) supporting the capability of horizontal mesh refinement through the use of the spectral element (se) dynamical core is developed and called cesm/cam-chem-se. horizontal mesh refinement in cesm/cam-ch... | evaluating the impact of chemical complexity and horizontal resolution on tropospheric ozone over the conterminous us with a global variable resolution chemistry model |
an asteroid's history is determined in large part by its strength against collisions with other objects1,2 (impact strength). laboratory experiments on centimetre-scale meteorites3 have been extrapolated and buttressed with numerical simulations to derive the impact strength at the asteroid scale4,5. in situ evidence o... | bennu's near-earth lifetime of 1.75 million years inferred from craters on its boulders |
the rapid growth of the electronics industry and proliferation of electronic materials and telecommunications technologies has led to the release of a massive amount of untreated electronic waste (e-waste) into the environment. consequently, catastrophic environmental damage at the microbiome level and serious human he... | advances in biodegradable electronic skin: material progress and recent applications in sensing, robotics, and human-machine interfaces |
a better understanding of the role of sea ice for the changing climate of our planet is the central aim of the diagnostic coupled model intercomparison project 6 (cmip6)-endorsed sea-ice model intercomparison project (simip). to reach this aim, simip requests sea-ice-related variables from climate-model simulations tha... | the cmip6 sea-ice model intercomparison project (simip): understanding sea ice through climate-model simulations |
we present the analysis of ≈100 molecular maps of the coma of comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko that were obtained with the miro submillimeter radiotelescope on board the rosetta spacecraft. from the spectral line mapping of h216o, h218o, h217o, ch3oh, nh3, and co and some fixed nadir pointings, we retrieved the outgassi... | long-term monitoring of the outgassing and composition of comet 67p/churyumov-gerasimenko with the rosetta/miro instrument |
we utilize alma archival data to estimate the dust disk size of 152 protoplanetary disks in lupus (1-3 myr), chamaeleon i (2-3 myr), and upper-sco (5-11 myr). we combine our sample with 47 disks from tau/aur and oph whose dust disk radii were estimated, as here, through fitting radial profile models to visibility data.... | the evolution of dust disk sizes from a homogeneous analysis of 1-10 myr old stars |
we conducted a doppler survey at keck combined with nirc2 k-band adaptive optics (ao) imaging to search for massive, long-period companions to 123 known exoplanet systems with one or two planets detected using the radial velocity (rv) method. our survey is sensitive to jupiter-mass planets out to 20 au for a majority o... | statistics of long period gas giant planets in known planetary systems |
we utilize surface temperature measurements and ultraviolet albedo spectra from the lunar reconnaissance orbiter to test the hypothesis that exposed water frost exists within the moon's shadowed polar craters, and that temperature controls its concentration and spatial distribution. for locations with annual maximum te... | evidence for exposed water ice in the moon's south polar regions from lunar reconnaissance orbiter ultraviolet albedo and temperature measurements |
we report the detection of an atmosphere on a rocky exoplanet, gj 1132 b, which is similar to earth in terms of size and density. the atmospheric transmission spectrum was detected using hubble wfc3 measurements and shows spectral signatures of aerosol scattering, hcn, and ch4 in a low mean molecular weight atmosphere.... | detection of an atmosphere on a rocky exoplanet |
we analyze the evolution of the potentially habitable planet proxima centauri b to identify environmental factors that affect its long-term habitability. we consider physical processes acting on size scales ranging from the galactic to the stellar system to the planet's core. we find that there is a significant probabi... | the habitability of proxima centauri b i: evolutionary scenarios |
aims: we aim to present a generalized bayesian inference method for constraining interiors of super earths and sub-neptunes. our methodology succeeds in quantifying the degeneracy and correlation of structural parameters for high dimensional parameter spaces. specifically, we identify what constraints can be placed on ... | a generalized bayesian inference method for constraining the interiors of super earths and sub-neptunes |
‘oumuamua (1i/2017 u1) is the first object of interstellar origin observed in the solar system. recently, micheli et al. reported that ‘oumuamua showed deviations from a keplerian orbit at a high statistical significance. the observed trajectory is best explained by an excess radial acceleration δa ∝ r -2, where r is t... | could solar radiation pressure explain ‘oumuamua’s peculiar acceleration? |
the deep (~100 km) ocean of europa, jupiter's moon, covered by a thick icy shell, is one of the most probable places in the solar system to find extraterrestrial life. yet, its ocean dynamics and its interaction with the ice cover have received little attention. previous studies suggested that europa's ocean is turbule... | dynamic europa ocean shows transient taylor columns and convection driven by ice melting and salinity |
the two most successful methods for exoplanet detection rely on the detection of planetary signals in photometric and radial velocity time-series. this depends on numerical techniques that exploit the synergy between data and theory to estimate planetary, orbital, and/or stellar parameters. in this work, we present a n... | pyaneti - ii. a multidimensional gaussian process approach to analysing spectroscopic time-series |
i review studies of core collapse supernovae (ccsne) and similar transient events that attribute major roles to jets in powering most ccsne and in shaping their ejecta. i start with reviewing the jittering jets explosion mechanism that i take to power most ccsn explosions. neutrino heating does play a role in boosting ... | the role of jets in exploding supernovae and in shaping their remnants |
two of transiting exoplanet survey satellite’s major science goals are to measure masses for 50 planets smaller than 4 earth radii and to discover high-quality targets for atmospheric characterization efforts. it is important that these two goals are linked by quantifying what precision of mass constraint is required t... | the precision of mass measurements required for robust atmospheric characterization of transiting exoplanets |
the northeastern china frequently experiences severe aerosol pollution in winter under unfavorable meteorological conditions. how and to what extent the meteorological factors affect the air quality there are not yet clearly understood. thus, this study investigated the impacts of synoptic patterns on the aerosol trans... | impacts of synoptic condition and planetary boundary layer structure on the trans-boundary aerosol transport from beijing-tianjin-hebei region to northeast china |
recent surveys have uncovered an exciting new population of ultra-short-period (usp) planets with orbital periods less than a day. these planets typically have radii ≲1.5 r⊕, indicating that they likely have rocky compositions. this stands in contrast to the overall distribution of planets out to ∼100 d, which is domin... | born dry in the photoevaporation desert: kepler's ultra-short-period planets formed water-poor |
we observed a full-orbit phase curve of the hot jupiter wasp-43b with miri/lrs as part of the transiting exoplanet community early release science program. here we report preliminary findings for the instrument performance from the team's miri working group. overall we find that miri's performance for phase curve obser... | a first look at the jwst miri/lrs phase curve of wasp-43b |
upcoming james webb space telescope observations will allow us to study exoplanet and brown dwarf atmospheres in great detail. the physical interpretation of these upcoming high signal-to-noise observations requires precise atmospheric models of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. while several 1d and 3d atmospheric models ha... | picaso 3.0: a one-dimensional climate model for giant planets and brown dwarfs |
the science case and associated science requirements for a next-generation very large array (ngvla) are described, highlighting the five key science goals developed out of a community-driven vision of the highest scientific priorities in the next decade. building on the superb cm observing conditions and existing infra... | the ngvla science case and associated science requirements |
exomoons represent a crucial missing puzzle piece in our efforts to understand extrasolar planetary systems. to address this deficiency, we here describe an exomoon survey of 70 cool, giant transiting exoplanet candidates found by kepler. we identify only one exhibiting a moon-like signal that passes a battery of vetti... | an exomoon survey of 70 cool giant exoplanets and the new candidate kepler-1708 b-i |
context. one of the most promising avenues for the detailed study of temperate earth-sized exoplanets is the detection of such planets in transit in front of stars that are small and near enough to make it possible to carry out a thorough atmospheric characterisation with next-generation telescopes, such as the james w... | speculoos: ultracool dwarf transit survey. target list and strategy |
as the world overheats—potentially to conditions warmer than during the three million years over which modern humans evolved—suffering from heat stress will become widespread. fundamental questions about humans' thermal tolerance limits are pressing. understanding heat stress as a process requires linking a network of ... | moist heat stress on a hotter earth |
the advent of high-power lasers facilities such as the national ignition facility (nif), and laser megajoule (lmj) in the near future opens a new era in the field of high energy density laboratory astrophysics. the lmj, keystone of the french simulation program, is under construction at cea/cesta and will deliver 1.5 m... | lmj/petal laser facility: overview and opportunities for laboratory astrophysics |
1i/‘oumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar body in our solar system. here we report on observations of ‘oumuamua made with the spitzer space telescope on 2017 november 21-22 (ut). we integrated for 30.2 hr at 4.5 μm (irac channel 2). we did not detect the object and place an upper limit on the flux of 0.3 μjy (3σ... | spitzer observations of interstellar object 1i/‘oumuamua |
the chemical composition of gas and ice in disks around young stars sets the bulk composition of planets. in contrast to protoplanetary disks (class ii), young disks that are still embedded in their natal envelope (class 0 and i) are predicted to be too warm for co to freeze out, as has been confirmed observationally f... | temperature structures of embedded disks: young disks in taurus are warm |
multiple planet systems provide an ideal laboratory for probing exoplanet composition, formation history and potential habitability. for the trappist-1 planets, the planetary radii are well established from transits1,2, with reasonable mass estimates coming from transit timing variations2,3 and dynamical modelling4. th... | inward migration of the trappist-1 planets as inferred from their water-rich compositions |
the streaming instability for solid particles in protoplanetary disks is reexamined assuming the familiar alpha (α) model for isotropic turbulence. turbulence always reduces the growth rates of the streaming instability relative to values calculated for globally laminar disks. while for small values of the turbulence p... | streaming instability in turbulent protoplanetary disks |
the structure and evolution of protoplanetary discs (ppds) are largely governed by disc angular momentum transport, mediated by magnetic fields. in the most observable outer disc, ambipolar diffusion is the primary non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (mhd) effect. in this work, we study the gas dynamics in outer ppds by cond... | global three-dimensional simulations of outer protoplanetary discs with ambipolar diffusion |
we present the first measurement of the mass function of free-floating planets (ffps), or very wide orbit planets down to an earth mass, from the moa-ii microlensing survey in 2006-2014. six events are likely to be due to planets with einstein radius crossing times t e < 0.5 days, and the shortest has t e = 0.057 ± ... | free-floating planet mass function from moa-ii 9 yr survey toward the galactic bulge |
in 2017, 1i/`oumuamua was identified as the first known interstellar object in the solar system1. although typical cometary activity tracers were not detected2-6, `oumuamua showed a notable non-gravitational acceleration7. so far, there has been no explanation that can reconcile these constraints8. owing to energetic c... | acceleration of 1i/`oumuamua from radiolytically produced h2 in h2o ice |
we present a machine learning algorithm that discovers conservation laws from differential equations, both numerically (parametrized as neural networks) and symbolically, ensuring their functional independence (a nonlinear generalization of linear independence). our independence module can be viewed as a nonlinear gene... | machine learning conservation laws from differential equations |
monitoring of vibrational eigenmodes of an elastic body excited by gravitational waves was one of the first concepts proposed for the detection of gravitational waves. at laboratory scale, these experiments became known as resonant bar detectors first developed by joseph weber in the 1960s. due to the dimensions of the... | lunar gravitational-wave antenna |
the amount of carbon present in earth's mantle affects the dynamics of melting, volcanic eruption style and the evolution of earth's atmosphere via planetary outgassing. mantle carbon concentrations are difficult to quantify because most magmas are strongly degassed upon eruption. here we report undegassed carbon conce... | heterogeneity in mantle carbon content from co2-undersaturated basalts |
the habitability of the surface of any planet is determined by a complex evolution of its interior, surface, and atmosphere. the electromagnetic and particle radiation of stars drive thermal, chemical, and physical alteration of planetary atmospheres, including escape. many known extrasolar planets experience vastly di... | atmospheric escape processes and planetary atmospheric evolution |
among the potential millihz gravitational wave (gw) sources for the upcoming space-based interferometer lisa are extreme- or intermediate-mass ratio inspirals (emri/imris). these events involve the coalescence of supermassive black holes in the mass range 105m⊙ ≲ m ≲ 107m⊙ with companion bhs of much lower masses. a sub... | evolution of gas disc-embedded intermediate mass ratio inspirals in the lisa band |
the global meteor network (gmn) utilizes highly sensitive low-cost cmos video cameras which run open-source meteor detection software on raspberry pi computers. currently, over 450 gmn cameras in 30 countries are deployed. the main goal of the network is to provide long-term characterization of the radiants, flux, and ... | the global meteor network - methodology and first results |
dynamic compression experiments on geological materials are important for understanding the composition and physical state of the deep interior of the earth and other planets. these experiments also provide insights into impact processes relevant to planetary formation and evolution. recently, new techniques for dynami... | ultra-high pressure dynamic compression of geological materials |
identifying the anthropogenic and natural sources of mercury (hg) emissions contributing to atmospheric mercury on local, regional, and global scales continues to be a grand challenge. the relative importance of various direct anthropogenic emissions of mercury, in addition to natural geologic sources and reemission of... | coupling atmospheric mercury isotope ratios and meteorology to identify sources of mercury impacting a coastal urban-industrial region near pensacola, florida, usa |
open clusters and young stellar associations are attractive sites to search for planets and to test theories of planet formation, migration, and evolution. we present our search for, and characterization of, transiting planets in the 800 myr old praesepe (beehive, m44) cluster from k2 light curves. we identify seven pl... | zodiacal exoplanets in time (zeit). iv. seven transiting planets in the praesepe cluster |
we report on the confirmation and mass determination of π men c, the first transiting planet discovered by nasa's tess space mission. π men is a naked-eye (v = 5.65 mag), quiet g0 v star that was previously known to host a sub-stellar companion (π men b) on a longperiod (porb = 2091 days), eccentric (e = 0.64) orbit. u... | tess's first planet. a super-earth transiting the naked-eye star π mensae |
studying the properties of young planetary systems can shed light on how the dynamics and structure of planets evolve during their most formative years. recent k2 observations of nearby young clusters (10-800 myr) have facilitated the discovery of such planetary systems. here we report the discovery of a neptune-sized ... | zodiacal exoplanets in time (zeit). i. a neptune-sized planet orbiting an m4.5 dwarf in the hyades star cluster |
the search for life beyond the earth is the overarching goal of the nasa astrobiology program, and it underpins the science of missions that explore the environments of solar system planets and exoplanets. however, the detection of extraterrestrial life, in our solar system and beyond, is sufficiently challenging that ... | community report from the biosignatures standards of evidence workshop |
theoretical models of the ionization state in protoplanetary disks suggest the existence of large areas with low ionization and weak coupling between the gas and magnetic fields. in this regime hydrodynamical instabilities may become important. in this work we investigate the gas and dust structure and dynamics for a t... | gas and dust dynamics in starlight-heated protoplanetary disks |
comets spend most of their lives at large distances from any star, during which time their interior compositions remain relatively unaltered. cometary observations can therefore provide direct insight into the chemistry that occurred during their birth at the time of planet formation1. to date, there have been no confi... | unusually high co abundance of the first active interstellar comet |
the class of ultra-hot jupiters comprises giant exoplanets undergoing intense irradiation from their host stars. they have proved to be a particularly interesting population for their orbital and atmospheric properties. one such planet, wasp-121b, is in a highly misaligned orbit close to its roche limit, and its atmosp... | detection of neutral atomic species in the ultra-hot jupiter wasp-121b |
all four circumbinary (cb) protoplanetary disks orbiting short-period (p < 20 days) double-lined spectroscopic binaries (sb2s)—a group that includes uz tau e, for which we present new atacama large millimeter/submillimeter array data—exhibit sky-plane inclinations i disk that match, to within a few degrees, the sky-... | the degree of alignment between circumbinary disks and their binary hosts |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.