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---
language:
- luo
- bxk
- lri
- rag
license: cc-by-4.0
task_categories:
- token-classification
tags:
- kenyan-languages
- dholuo
- lubukusu
- lumarachi
- lulogooli
- pos-tagging
- low-resource-languages
- african-languages
pretty_name: KenPOS
size_categories:
- 100K<n<1M
configs:
- config_name: dho
data_files: "dho/*.parquet"
- config_name: lbk
data_files: "lbk/*.parquet"
- config_name: lch
data_files: "lch/*.parquet"
- config_name: llg
data_files: "llg/*.parquet"
---
# KenPOS: Kenyan Languages Part-of-Speech Tagged Dataset
## Dataset Description
**KenPOS** is a part-of-speech (POS) tagged corpus for Kenyan languages, featuring **156,994 tokens** across four languages. The dataset provides manually annotated POS tags for low-resource Kenyan languages, enabling NLP research and applications.
## Dataset Statistics
| Language | Code | Tokens | Sentences | Files | Unique POS Tags |
|----------|------|--------|-----------|-------|-----------------|
| Dholuo | dho | 54,712 | 70 | 168 | 114 |
| Lubukusu | lbk | 51,900 | 154 | 62 | 97 |
| Lumarachi| lch | 25,917 | 27 | 212 | 78 |
| Lulogooli| llg | 24,465 | 290 | 121 | 75 |
| **Total**| |**156,994**|**541**|**563**| |
## Languages & Codes
| Language / Dialect | Code | Family / Notes |
|---------------------|------|-------------------------|
| Dholuo (Luo) | dho | Nilotic (western Kenya) |
| Lubukusu (Bukusu) | lbk | Bantu, Luhya dialect |
| Lumarachi (Marachi) | lch | Bantu, Luhya dialect |
| Lulogooli (Logooli) | llg | Bantu, Luhya dialect |
## Dataset Format
The dataset is distributed as **Parquet files** for optimal performance and compatibility:
- **Format**: Apache Parquet (columnar storage)
- **Encoding**: UTF-8
- **File naming**: `{language}/train.parquet`
- **Compatibility**: Works with `datasets` 4.0.0+ without custom loading scripts
---
## Data Fields
Each record in the dataset contains:
- **token**: `string` - The word or token
- **pos_tag**: `string` - Part-of-speech tag (e.g., NN, V, ADJ, PUNCT)
- **sentence_id**: `int` - Unique identifier for the sentence
- **position**: `int` - Position of the token within the sentence (0-indexed)
- **filename**: `string` - Source filename from which the token was extracted
### Example Record
```python
{
'token': 'Kezia',
'pos_tag': 'NN',
'sentence_id': 0,
'position': 0,
'filename': '4411_dho_pos.csv'
}
```
---
## Usage
### Loading with 🤗 Datasets
**Compatible with datasets 4.0.0+** (No `trust_remote_code` needed!)
```python
from datasets import load_dataset
# Load Dholuo POS dataset
dho = load_dataset("Kencorpus/KenPOS", "dho")
# Load Lubukusu POS dataset
lbk = load_dataset("Kencorpus/KenPOS", "lbk")
# Load Lumarachi POS dataset
lch = load_dataset("Kencorpus/KenPOS", "lch")
# Load Lulogooli POS dataset
llg = load_dataset("Kencorpus/KenPOS", "llg")
# Access the data
print(dho['train'][0])
# Output: {'token': 'Kezia', 'pos_tag': 'NN', 'sentence_id': 0, 'position': 0, 'filename': '4411_dho_pos.csv'}
```
### Reconstructing Sentences
```python
from datasets import load_dataset
import pandas as pd
# Load dataset
dho = load_dataset("Kencorpus/KenPOS", "dho")
df = pd.DataFrame(dho['train'])
# Get first sentence
sentence_0 = df[df['sentence_id'] == 0].sort_values('position')
print(' '.join(sentence_0['token'].tolist()))
```
### Analyzing POS Tags
```python
from datasets import load_dataset
import pandas as pd
# Load dataset
dho = load_dataset("Kencorpus/KenPOS", "dho")
df = pd.DataFrame(dho['train'])
# Count POS tag frequencies
pos_counts = df['pos_tag'].value_counts()
print(pos_counts.head(10))
```
---
## POS Tag Categories
The dataset uses a variety of POS tags including:
- **NN** - Noun
- **V** - Verb
- **ADJ/Adj.** - Adjective
- **ADV/Adv** - Adverb
- **PRON** - Pronoun
- **ADP** - Adposition (preposition/postposition)
- **DET/Det.** - Determiner
- **CONJ/Conj.** - Conjunction
- **NUM** - Numeral
- **PUNCT/PUNC** - Punctuation
- And many more fine-grained categories
**Note**: Tag naming conventions may vary slightly across files (e.g., PUNCT vs PUNC, ADJ vs Adj.).
---
## Dataset Curators
- **Florence Indede** (Maseno University)
- **Owen McOnyango** (Maseno University)
- **Lilian D.A. Wanzare** (Maseno University)
- **Barack Wanjawa** (University of Nairobi)
- **Edward Ombui** (Africa Nazarene University)
- **Lawrence Muchemi** (University of Nairobi)
---
## Citation
If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:
```bibtex
@article{wanjawa2022kencorpus,
title={Kencorpus: A Kenyan Language Corpus of Swahili, Dholuo and Luhya for Natural Language Processing Tasks},
author={Wanjawa, Barack W. and Wanzare, Lilian D. and Indede, Florence and McOnyango, Owen and Ombui, Edward and Muchemi, Lawrence},
journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2208.12081},
year={2022}
}
```
---
## Links
- **Research Paper**: https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.12081
- **Dataverse**: https://dataverse.harvard.edu/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.7910/DVN/KLCKL5
- **ResearchGate**: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371767223
- **Semantic Scholar**: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/8cf70c5cd8b195ed7a399ea2cdc0b0e8f08c61ce
---
## License
This dataset is licensed under **CC-BY-4.0**.
---
## Acknowledgments
This dataset is part of the **Kencorpus** project, which aims to create NLP resources for low-resource Kenyan languages.
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