Scripts/mainpaperspacev1.py

from IPython.display import clear_output
from subprocess import call, getoutput
from IPython.display import display
import ipywidgets as widgets
import io
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageOps
import fileinput
import time
import os
from os import listdir
from os.path import isfile
from tqdm import tqdm
import gdown
import random
import sys
import cv2
from io import BytesIO
import requests
from collections import defaultdict
from math import log, sqrt
import numpy as np
import six
import re

from urllib.parse import urlparse, parse_qs, unquote
from urllib.request import urlopen, Request
import tempfile
from tqdm import tqdm 




def Deps(force_reinstall):

    if not force_reinstall and os.path.exists('/usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/safetensors'):
        ntbk()
        call('pip install --root-user-action=ignore --disable-pip-version-check -qq ./diffusers', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        os.environ['TORCH_HOME'] = '/notebooks/cache/torch'
        os.environ['PYTHONWARNINGS'] = 'ignore'        
        print('Modules and notebooks updated, dependencies already installed')

    else:
        call("pip install --root-user-action=ignore --no-deps -q accelerate==0.12.0", shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        if not os.path.exists('/usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/safetensors'):
            os.chdir('/usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages')
            call("rm -r torch torch-1.12.1+cu116.dist-info torchaudio* torchvision* PIL Pillow* transformers* numpy* gdown*", shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        ntbk()
        if not os.path.exists('/models'):
            call('mkdir /models', shell=True)
        if not os.path.exists('/notebooks/models'):
            call('ln -s /models /notebooks', shell=True)
        if os.path.exists('/deps'):
            call("rm -r /deps", shell=True)
        call('mkdir /deps', shell=True)
        if not os.path.exists('cache'):
            call('mkdir cache', shell=True)
        os.chdir('/deps')
        call('wget -q -i https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TheLastBen/fast-stable-diffusion/main/Dependencies/aptdeps.txt', shell=True)
        call('dpkg -i *.deb', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        depsinst("https://huggingface.co/TheLastBen/dependencies/resolve/main/ppsdeps.tar.zst", "/deps/ppsdeps.tar.zst")
        call('tar -C / --zstd -xf ppsdeps.tar.zst', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        call("sed -i 's@~/.cache@/notebooks/cache@' /usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/transformers/utils/hub.py", shell=True)
        os.chdir('/notebooks')
        call("git clone --depth 1 -q --branch main https://github.com/TheLastBen/diffusers /diffusers", shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))        
        os.environ['TORCH_HOME'] = '/notebooks/cache/torch'
        os.environ['PYTHONWARNINGS'] = 'ignore'
        call("sed -i 's@text = _formatwarnmsg(msg)@text =\"\"@g' /usr/lib/python3.9/warnings.py", shell=True)
        if not os.path.exists('/notebooks/diffusers'):
            call('ln -s /diffusers /notebooks', shell=True)
        call("rm -r /deps", shell=True)
        os.chdir('/notebooks')
        clear_output()

        done()



def depsinst(url, dst):
    file_size = None
    req = Request(url, headers={"User-Agent": "torch.hub"})
    u = urlopen(req)
    meta = u.info()
    if hasattr(meta, 'getheaders'):
        content_length = meta.getheaders("Content-Length")
    else:
        content_length = meta.get_all("Content-Length")
    if content_length is not None and len(content_length) > 0:
        file_size = int(content_length[0])

    with tqdm(total=file_size, disable=False, mininterval=0.5,
              bar_format='Installing dependencies |{bar:20}| {percentage:3.0f}%') as pbar:
        with open(dst, "wb") as f:
            while True:
                buffer = u.read(8192)
                if len(buffer) == 0:
                    break
                f.write(buffer)
                pbar.update(len(buffer))
            f.close()
    

def ntbk():

    os.chdir('/notebooks')
    if not os.path.exists('Latest_Notebooks'):
        call('mkdir Latest_Notebooks', shell=True)
    else:
        call('rm -r Latest_Notebooks', shell=True)
        call('mkdir Latest_Notebooks', shell=True)
    os.chdir('/notebooks/Latest_Notebooks')
    call('wget -q -i https://huggingface.co/datasets/TheLastBen/PPS/raw/main/Notebooks.txt', shell=True)
    call('rm Notebooks.txt', shell=True)
    os.chdir('/notebooks')




def downloadmodel_hf(Path_to_HuggingFace):
  import wget

  if os.path.exists('/models/stable-diffusion-custom'):
    call("rm -r /models/stable-diffusion-custom", shell=True)
  clear_output()
  
  if os.path.exists('/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/token.txt'):
    with open("/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/token.txt") as f:
       token = f.read()
    authe=f'https://USER:{token}@'
  else:
    authe="https://"  

  clear_output()
  call("mkdir /models/stable-diffusion-custom", shell=True)
  os.chdir("/models/stable-diffusion-custom")
  call("git init", shell=True)
  call("git lfs install --system --skip-repo", shell=True)
  call('git remote add -f origin '+authe+'huggingface.co/'+Path_to_HuggingFace, shell=True)
  call("git config core.sparsecheckout true", shell=True)
  call('echo -e "\nscheduler\ntext_encoder\ntokenizer\nunet\nvae\nmodel_index.json\n!*.safetensors" > .git/info/sparse-checkout', shell=True)
  call("git pull origin main", shell=True)
  if os.path.exists('unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
    call("rm -r .git", shell=True)
    call("rm model_index.json", shell=True)
    wget.download('https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TheLastBen/fast-stable-diffusion/main/Dreambooth/model_index.json')
    os.chdir('/notebooks')
    clear_output()
    done()
  while not os.path.exists('/models/stable-diffusion-custom/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
        print('Check the link you provided')
        os.chdir('/notebooks')
        time.sleep(5)




def downloadmodel_path(MODEL_PATH):

  modelname=os.path.basename(MODEL_PATH)
  sftnsr=""
  if modelname.split('.')[-1]=='safetensors':
    sftnsr="--from_safetensors"

  import wget
  os.chdir('/notebooks')
  clear_output() 
  if os.path.exists(str(MODEL_PATH)):
    call('wget -q -O config.yaml https://github.com/CompVis/stable-diffusion/raw/main/configs/stable-diffusion/v1-inference.yaml', shell=True)
    call('python /diffusers/scripts/convert_original_stable_diffusion_to_diffusers.py --checkpoint_path '+MODEL_PATH+' --dump_path /models/stable-diffusion-custom --original_config_file config.yaml '+sftnsr, shell=True)
    clear_output()
    call('rm config.yaml', shell=True)
    if os.path.exists('/models/stable-diffusion-custom/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
      clear_output()
      done()
    while not os.path.exists('/models/stable-diffusion-custom/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
      print('Conversion error')
      time.sleep(5)

  else:
    while not os.path.exists(str(MODEL_PATH)):
       print('Wrong path, use the file explorer to copy the path')
       time.sleep(5)       
       
 
           

def downloadmodel_link(MODEL_LINK):

    import wget
    import gdown
    from gdown.download import get_url_from_gdrive_confirmation
   
    
    def getsrc(url):
        parsed_url = urlparse(url)
        if parsed_url.netloc == 'civitai.com':
            src='civitai'
        elif parsed_url.netloc == 'drive.google.com':
            src='gdrive'
        elif parsed_url.netloc == 'huggingface.co':
            src='huggingface'
        else:
            src='others'
        return src
        
    src=getsrc(MODEL_LINK)

    def get_name(url, gdrive):
        if not gdrive:
            response = requests.get(url, allow_redirects=False)
            if "Location" in response.headers:
                redirected_url = response.headers["Location"]
                quer = parse_qs(urlparse(redirected_url).query)
                if "response-content-disposition" in quer:
                    disp_val = quer["response-content-disposition"][0].split(";")
                    for vals in disp_val:
                        if vals.strip().startswith("filename="):
                            filenm=unquote(vals.split("=", 1)[1].strip())
                            return filenm.replace("\"","")
        else:
            headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/39.0.2171.95 Safari/537.36"}
            lnk="https://drive.google.com/uc?id={id}&export=download".format(id=url[url.find("/d/")+3:url.find("/view")])
            res = requests.session().get(lnk, headers=headers, stream=True, verify=True)
            res = requests.session().get(get_url_from_gdrive_confirmation(res.text), headers=headers, stream=True, verify=True)
            content_disposition = six.moves.urllib_parse.unquote(res.headers["Content-Disposition"])
            filenm = re.search(r"filename\*=UTF-8''(.*)", content_disposition).groups()[0].replace(os.path.sep, "_")
            return filenm   

    if src=='civitai':
       modelname=get_name(MODEL_LINK, False)
    elif src=='gdrive':
       modelname=get_name(MODEL_LINK, True)
    else:
       modelname=os.path.basename(MODEL_LINK)

    sftnsr=""
    if modelname.split('.')[-1]!='safetensors':
      modelnm="model.ckpt"
    else:
      modelnm="model.safetensors"
      sftnsr="--from_safetensors"

    os.chdir('/notebooks')
    call("gdown --fuzzy " +MODEL_LINK+ " -O "+modelnm, shell=True)
    
    if os.path.exists(modelnm):
      if os.path.getsize(modelnm) > 1810671599:
        call('wget -q -O config.yaml https://github.com/CompVis/stable-diffusion/raw/main/configs/stable-diffusion/v1-inference.yaml', shell=True)
        call('python /diffusers/scripts/convert_original_stable_diffusion_to_diffusers.py --checkpoint_path '+modelnm+' --dump_path /models/stable-diffusion-custom --original_config_file config.yaml '+sftnsr, shell=True)
        clear_output()
        call('rm config.yaml', shell=True)
        if os.path.exists('/models/stable-diffusion-custom/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
          call('rm '+modelnm, shell=True)
          clear_output()
          done()
        else:
          while not os.path.exists('/models/stable-diffusion-custom/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
            print('Conversion error')
            time.sleep(5)
      else:
        while os.path.getsize(modelnm) < 1810671599:
           print('Wrong link, check that the link is valid')
           time.sleep(5)


           

def dls(Path_to_HuggingFace, Model_Path, Model_Link):

    if Path_to_HuggingFace != "":
      downloadmodel_hf(Path_to_HuggingFace)
      MODEL_NAME="/models/stable-diffusion-custom"
    elif Model_Path !="":
      downloadmodel_path(Model_Path)
      MODEL_NAME="/models/stable-diffusion-custom"
    elif Model_Link !="":
      downloadmodel_link(Model_Link)
      MODEL_NAME="/models/stable-diffusion-custom"
    else:
      MODEL_NAME="/datasets/stable-diffusion-diffusers/stable-diffusion-v1-5"
      print('Using the original V1.5 model')

    return MODEL_NAME    



def sess(Session_Name, Session_Link_optional, MODEL_NAME):
    import wget, gdown
    os.chdir('/notebooks')
    PT=""

    while Session_Name=="":
      print('Input the Session Name:') 
      Session_Name=input("")
    Session_Name=Session_Name.replace(" ","_")

    WORKSPACE='/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth'

    if Session_Link_optional !="":
      print('Downloading session...')

      if Session_Link_optional != "":
        if not os.path.exists(str(WORKSPACE+'/Sessions')):
          call("mkdir -p " +WORKSPACE+ "/Sessions", shell=True)
          time.sleep(1)
        os.chdir(WORKSPACE+'/Sessions')
        gdown.download_folder(url=Session_Link_optional, output=Session_Name, quiet=True, remaining_ok=True, use_cookies=False)
        os.chdir(Session_Name)
        call("rm -r " +instance_images, shell=True)
        call("unzip " +instance_images.zip, shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        call("rm -r " +concept_images, shell=True)
        call("unzip " +concept_images.zip, shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        call("rm -r " +captions, shell=True)
        call("unzip " +captions.zip, shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
        os.chdir('/notebooks')
        clear_output()

    INSTANCE_NAME=Session_Name
    OUTPUT_DIR="/models/"+Session_Name
    SESSION_DIR=WORKSPACE+"/Sessions/"+Session_Name
    CONCEPT_DIR=SESSION_DIR+"/concept_images"
    INSTANCE_DIR=SESSION_DIR+"/instance_images"
    CAPTIONS_DIR=SESSION_DIR+'/captions'
    MDLPTH=str(SESSION_DIR+"/"+Session_Name+'.ckpt')
    resume=False
    
    if os.path.exists(str(SESSION_DIR)):
      mdls=[ckpt for ckpt in listdir(SESSION_DIR) if ckpt.split(".")[-1]=="ckpt"]
      if not os.path.exists(MDLPTH) and '.ckpt' in str(mdls):  
        
        def f(n):
          k=0
          for i in mdls:
            if k==n:
              call('mv '+SESSION_DIR+'/'+i+' '+MDLPTH, shell=True)
            k=k+1

        k=0
        print('No final checkpoint model found, select which intermediary checkpoint to use, enter only the number, (000 to skip):\n')

        for i in mdls:
          print(str(k)+'- '+i)
          k=k+1
        n=input()
        while int(n)>k-1:
          n=input()
        if n!="000":
          f(int(n))
          print('Using the model '+ mdls[int(n)]+" ...")
          time.sleep(4)
          clear_output()
        else:
          print('Skipping the intermediary checkpoints.')


    if os.path.exists(str(SESSION_DIR)) and not os.path.exists(MDLPTH):
      print('Loading session with no previous model, using the original model or the custom downloaded model')
      if MODEL_NAME=="":
        print('No model found, use the "Model Download" cell to download a model.')
      else:
        print('Session Loaded, proceed to uploading instance images')

    elif os.path.exists(MDLPTH):
      print('Session found, loading the trained model ...')
      call('wget -q -O config.yaml https://github.com/CompVis/stable-diffusion/raw/main/configs/stable-diffusion/v1-inference.yaml', shell=True)
      call('python /diffusers/scripts/convert_original_stable_diffusion_to_diffusers.py --checkpoint_path '+MDLPTH+' --dump_path '+OUTPUT_DIR+' --original_config_file config.yaml', shell=True)
      clear_output()

      call('rm config.yaml', shell=True)
      if os.path.exists(OUTPUT_DIR+'/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
        resume=True
        clear_output()
        print('Session loaded.')
      else:     
        print('Conversion error, if the error persists, remove the CKPT file from the current session folder')

    elif not os.path.exists(str(SESSION_DIR)):
        call('mkdir -p '+INSTANCE_DIR, shell=True)
        print('Creating session...')
        if MODEL_NAME=="":
          print('No model found, use the "Model Download" cell to download a model.')
        else:
          print('Session created, proceed to uploading instance images')

    return PT, WORKSPACE, Session_Name, INSTANCE_NAME, OUTPUT_DIR, SESSION_DIR, CONCEPT_DIR, INSTANCE_DIR, CAPTIONS_DIR, MDLPTH, MODEL_NAME, resume
      
      
      
def done():
    done = widgets.Button(
        description='Done!',
        disabled=True,
        button_style='success',
        tooltip='',
        icon='check'
    )
    display(done)



def uplder(Remove_existing_instance_images, Crop_images, Crop_size, IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL, INSTANCE_DIR, CAPTIONS_DIR, ren):

    if os.path.exists(INSTANCE_DIR+"/.ipynb_checkpoints"):
      call('rm -r '+INSTANCE_DIR+'/.ipynb_checkpoints', shell=True)


    uploader = widgets.FileUpload(description="Choose images",accept='image/*, .txt', multiple=True)
    Upload = widgets.Button(
        description='Upload',
        disabled=False,
        button_style='info', 
        tooltip='Click to upload the chosen instance images',
        icon=''
    )


    def up(Upload):
        with out: 
            uploader.close()
            Upload.close()
            upld(Remove_existing_instance_images, Crop_images, Crop_size, IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL, INSTANCE_DIR, CAPTIONS_DIR, uploader, ren)
            done()
    out=widgets.Output()
    
    if IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL=="":
      Upload.on_click(up)
      display(uploader, Upload, out)
    else:
       upld(Remove_existing_instance_images, Crop_images, Crop_size, IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL, INSTANCE_DIR, CAPTIONS_DIR, uploader, ren)
       done()
    
    
def upld(Remove_existing_instance_images, Crop_images, Crop_size, IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL, INSTANCE_DIR, CAPTIONS_DIR, uploader, ren):


    if Remove_existing_instance_images:
        if os.path.exists(str(INSTANCE_DIR)):
            call("rm -r " +INSTANCE_DIR, shell=True)
        if os.path.exists(str(CAPTIONS_DIR)):
            call("rm -r " +CAPTIONS_DIR, shell=True)            


    if not os.path.exists(str(INSTANCE_DIR)):
        call("mkdir -p " +INSTANCE_DIR, shell=True)
    if not os.path.exists(str(CAPTIONS_DIR)):
        call("mkdir -p " +CAPTIONS_DIR, shell=True)        


    if IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL !="":

        if os.path.exists(IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL+"/.ipynb_checkpoints"):
          call('rm -r '+IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL+'/.ipynb_checkpoints', shell=True)    
    
        if any(file.endswith('.{}'.format('txt')) for file in os.listdir(IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL)):
            call('mv '+IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL+'/*.txt '+CAPTIONS_DIR, shell=True)
        if Crop_images:   
            os.chdir(str(IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL))
            call('find . -name "* *" -type f | rename ' "'s/ /-/g'", shell=True)
            os.chdir('/notebooks')    
            for filename in tqdm(os.listdir(IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL), bar_format='  |{bar:15}| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} Uploaded'):
                extension = filename.split(".")[-1]
                identifier=filename.split(".")[0]
                new_path_with_file = os.path.join(INSTANCE_DIR, filename)
                file = Image.open(IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL+"/"+filename)
                file=file.convert("RGB")
                file=ImageOps.exif_transpose(file)
                width, height = file.size           
                if file.size !=(Crop_size, Crop_size):
                    image=crop_image(file, Crop_size)
                    if extension.upper()=="JPG" or extension.upper()=="jpg":
                        image[0].save(new_path_with_file, format="JPEG", quality = 100)
                    else:
                        image[0].save(new_path_with_file, format=extension.upper())
                        
                else:
                   call("cp \'"+IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL+"/"+filename+"\' "+INSTANCE_DIR, shell=True)                        

        else:
            for filename in tqdm(os.listdir(IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL), bar_format='  |{bar:15}| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} Uploaded'):
                call("cp -r " +IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL+"/. " +INSTANCE_DIR, shell=True)

    elif IMAGES_FOLDER_OPTIONAL =="":
        up=""  
        for file in uploader.value:
          filename = file['name']
          if filename.split(".")[-1]=="txt":
            with open(CAPTIONS_DIR+'/'+filename, 'w') as f:
                f.write(bytes(file['content']).decode())
          up=[file for file in uploader.value if not file['name'].endswith('.txt')]
        if Crop_images:
            for file in tqdm(up, bar_format='  |{bar:15}| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} Uploaded'):
                filename = file['name']
                img = Image.open(io.BytesIO(file['content']))
                extension = filename.split(".")[-1]
                identifier=filename.split(".")[0]
                img=img.convert("RGB")
                img=ImageOps.exif_transpose(img)

                if extension.upper()=="JPG" or extension.upper()=="jpg":
                    img.save(INSTANCE_DIR+"/"+filename, format="JPEG", quality = 100) 
                else:
                    img.save(INSTANCE_DIR+"/"+filename, format=extension.upper())                
                
                new_path_with_file = os.path.join(INSTANCE_DIR, filename)
                file = Image.open(new_path_with_file)
                width, height = file.size        
                if file.size !=(Crop_size, Crop_size):
                    image=crop_image(file, Crop_size)
                    if extension.upper()=="JPG" or extension.upper()=="jpg":
                        image[0].save(new_path_with_file, format="JPEG", quality = 100) 
                    else:
                        image[0].save(new_path_with_file, format=extension.upper())

        else:
            for file in tqdm(uploader.value, bar_format='  |{bar:15}| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} Uploaded'):
                filename = file['name']
                img = Image.open(io.BytesIO(file['content']))
                img=img.convert("RGB")
                extension = filename.split(".")[-1]
                identifier=filename.split(".")[0]   
                
                if extension.upper()=="JPG" or extension.upper()=="jpg":
                    img.save(INSTANCE_DIR+"/"+filename, format="JPEG", quality = 100) 
                else:
                    img.save(INSTANCE_DIR+"/"+filename, format=extension.upper())

    if ren:
        i=0
        for filename in tqdm(os.listdir(INSTANCE_DIR), bar_format='  |{bar:15}| {n_fmt}/{total_fmt} Renamed'):
          extension = filename.split(".")[-1]
          identifier=filename.split(".")[0]
          new_path_with_file = os.path.join(INSTANCE_DIR, "conceptimagedb"+str(i)+"."+extension)
          call('mv "'+os.path.join(INSTANCE_DIR,filename)+'" "'+new_path_with_file+'"', shell=True)
          i=i+1

    os.chdir(INSTANCE_DIR)
    call('find . -name "* *" -type f | rename ' "'s/ /-/g'", shell=True)
    os.chdir(CAPTIONS_DIR)
    call('find . -name "* *" -type f | rename ' "'s/ /-/g'", shell=True)    
    os.chdir('/notebooks')


def caption(CAPTIONS_DIR, INSTANCE_DIR):
   
  paths=""
  out=""
  widgets_l=""
  clear_output()
  def Caption(path):
      if path!="Select an instance image to caption":
        
        name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0]
        ext=os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[-1][1:]
        if ext=="jpg" or "JPG":
          ext="JPEG"        

        if os.path.exists(CAPTIONS_DIR+"/"+name + '.txt'):
          with open(CAPTIONS_DIR+"/"+name + '.txt', 'r') as f:
              text = f.read()
        else:
          with open(CAPTIONS_DIR+"/"+name + '.txt', 'w') as f:
              f.write("")
              with open(CAPTIONS_DIR+"/"+name + '.txt', 'r') as f:
                  text = f.read()   

        img=Image.open(os.path.join(INSTANCE_DIR,path))
        img=img.convert("RGB")
        img=img.resize((420, 420))
        image_bytes = BytesIO()
        img.save(image_bytes, format=ext, qualiy=10)
        image_bytes.seek(0)
        image_data = image_bytes.read()
        img= image_data  
        image = widgets.Image(
            value=img,
            width=420,
            height=420
        )
        text_area = widgets.Textarea(value=text, description='', disabled=False, layout={'width': '300px', 'height': '120px'})
        

        def update_text(text):
            with open(CAPTIONS_DIR+"/"+name + '.txt', 'w') as f:
                f.write(text)

        button = widgets.Button(description='Save', button_style='success')
        button.on_click(lambda b: update_text(text_area.value))

        return widgets.VBox([widgets.HBox([image, text_area, button])])


  paths = os.listdir(INSTANCE_DIR)
  widgets_l = widgets.Select(options=["Select an instance image to caption"]+paths, rows=25)


  out = widgets.Output()

  def click(change):
      with out:
          out.clear_output()
          display(Caption(change.new))

  widgets_l.observe(click, names='value')
  display(widgets.HBox([widgets_l, out]))
  

    
def dbtrain(Resume_Training, UNet_Training_Steps, UNet_Learning_Rate, Text_Encoder_Training_Steps, Text_Encoder_Concept_Training_Steps, Text_Encoder_Learning_Rate, Offset_Noise, Resolution, MODEL_NAME, SESSION_DIR, INSTANCE_DIR, CONCEPT_DIR, CAPTIONS_DIR, External_Captions,  INSTANCE_NAME, Session_Name, OUTPUT_DIR, PT, resume, Save_Checkpoint_Every_n_Steps, Start_saving_from_the_step, Save_Checkpoint_Every):

    if os.path.exists(INSTANCE_DIR+"/.ipynb_checkpoints"):
      call('rm -r '+INSTANCE_DIR+'/.ipynb_checkpoints', shell=True)
    if os.path.exists(CONCEPT_DIR+"/.ipynb_checkpoints"):
      call('rm -r '+CONCEPT_DIR+'/.ipynb_checkpoints', shell=True)
    if os.path.exists(CAPTIONS_DIR+"/.ipynb_checkpoints"):
      call('rm -r '+CAPTIONS_DIR+'/.ipynb_checkpoints', shell=True)

    if resume and not Resume_Training:
      print('Overwrite your previously trained model ?, answering "yes" will train a new model, answering "no" will resume the training of the previous model?  yes or no ?')
      while True:
        ansres=input('')
        if ansres=='no':
          Resume_Training = True
          resume= False
          break
        elif ansres=='yes':
          Resume_Training = False
          resume= False
          break

    while not Resume_Training and not os.path.exists(MODEL_NAME+'/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
        print('No model found, use the "Model Download" cell to download a model.')
        time.sleep(5) 

    MODELT_NAME=MODEL_NAME

    Seed=random.randint(1, 999999)

    ofstnse=""
    if Offset_Noise:
      ofstnse="--offset_noise"

    extrnlcptn=""
    if External_Captions:
      extrnlcptn="--external_captions"      

    precision="fp16"
    

    resuming=""
    if Resume_Training and os.path.exists(OUTPUT_DIR+'/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
      MODELT_NAME=OUTPUT_DIR
      print('Resuming Training...')
      resuming="Yes"
    elif Resume_Training and not os.path.exists(OUTPUT_DIR+'/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
      print('Previous model not found, training a new model...') 
      MODELT_NAME=MODEL_NAME
      while MODEL_NAME=="":
        print('No model found, use the "Model Download" cell to download a model.')
        time.sleep(5)


    trnonltxt=""
    if UNet_Training_Steps==0:
       trnonltxt="--train_only_text_encoder"      
      
    Enable_text_encoder_training= True
    Enable_Text_Encoder_Concept_Training= True
    

    if Text_Encoder_Training_Steps==0:
       Enable_text_encoder_training= False
    else:
      stptxt=Text_Encoder_Training_Steps
      
    if Text_Encoder_Concept_Training_Steps==0:
       Enable_Text_Encoder_Concept_Training= False
    else:
      stptxtc=Text_Encoder_Concept_Training_Steps
      
      
    if Save_Checkpoint_Every==None:
      Save_Checkpoint_Every=1
    stp=0
    if Start_saving_from_the_step==None:
      Start_saving_from_the_step=0
    if (Start_saving_from_the_step < 200):
      Start_saving_from_the_step=Save_Checkpoint_Every
    stpsv=Start_saving_from_the_step
    if Save_Checkpoint_Every_n_Steps:
      stp=Save_Checkpoint_Every


    def dump_only_textenc(trnonltxt, MODELT_NAME, INSTANCE_DIR, OUTPUT_DIR, PT, Seed, precision, Training_Steps):
        call('accelerate launch /notebooks/diffusers/examples/dreambooth/train_dreambooth_pps.py \
        '+trnonltxt+' \
        '+extrnlcptn+' \
        '+ofstnse+' \
        --train_text_encoder \
        --image_captions_filename \
        --dump_only_text_encoder \
        --pretrained_model_name_or_path='+MODELT_NAME+' \
        --instance_data_dir='+INSTANCE_DIR+' \
        --output_dir='+OUTPUT_DIR+' \
        --captions_dir='+CAPTIONS_DIR+' \
        --instance_prompt='+PT+' \
        --seed='+str(Seed)+' \
        --resolution='+str(Resolution)+' \
        --mixed_precision='+str(precision)+' \
        --train_batch_size=1 \
        --gradient_accumulation_steps=1 --gradient_checkpointing \
        --use_8bit_adam \
        --learning_rate='+str(Text_Encoder_Learning_Rate)+' \
        --lr_scheduler="linear" \
        --lr_warmup_steps=0 \
        --max_train_steps='+str(Training_Steps), shell=True)


    def train_only_unet(stp, stpsv, SESSION_DIR, MODELT_NAME, INSTANCE_DIR, OUTPUT_DIR, Text_Encoder_Training_Steps, PT, Seed, Resolution, extrnlcptn, precision, Training_Steps):
        clear_output()
        if resuming=="Yes":
          print('Resuming Training...')
        print('Training the UNet...')
        call('accelerate launch /notebooks/diffusers/examples/dreambooth/train_dreambooth_pps.py \
        '+extrnlcptn+' \
        '+ofstnse+' \
        --image_captions_filename \
        --train_only_unet \
        --Session_dir='+SESSION_DIR+' \
        --save_starting_step='+str(stpsv)+' \
        --save_n_steps='+str(stp)+' \
        --pretrained_model_name_or_path='+MODELT_NAME+' \
        --instance_data_dir='+INSTANCE_DIR+' \
        --output_dir='+OUTPUT_DIR+' \
        --captions_dir='+CAPTIONS_DIR+' \
        --instance_prompt='+PT+' \
        --seed='+str(Seed)+' \
        --resolution='+str(Resolution)+' \
        --mixed_precision='+str(precision)+' \
        --train_batch_size=1 \
        --gradient_accumulation_steps=1 --gradient_checkpointing \
        --use_8bit_adam \
        --learning_rate='+str(UNet_Learning_Rate)+' \
        --lr_scheduler="linear" \
        --lr_warmup_steps=0 \
        --max_train_steps='+str(Training_Steps), shell=True)

    if Enable_text_encoder_training :
      print('Training the text encoder...')
      if os.path.exists(OUTPUT_DIR+'/'+'text_encoder_trained'):
        call('rm -r '+OUTPUT_DIR+'/text_encoder_trained', shell=True)
      dump_only_textenc(trnonltxt, MODELT_NAME, INSTANCE_DIR, OUTPUT_DIR, PT, Seed, precision, Training_Steps=stptxt)
      
    if Enable_Text_Encoder_Concept_Training:
      if os.path.exists(CONCEPT_DIR):
        if os.listdir(CONCEPT_DIR)!=[]:
          clear_output()
          if resuming=="Yes":
            print('Resuming Training...')    
          print('Training the text encoder on the concept...')
          dump_only_textenc(trnonltxt, MODELT_NAME, CONCEPT_DIR, OUTPUT_DIR, PT, Seed, precision, Training_Steps=stptxtc)
        else:
          clear_output()
          if resuming=="Yes":
            print('Resuming Training...')      
          print('No concept images found, skipping concept training...')
          Text_Encoder_Concept_Training_Steps=0
          time.sleep(8)
      else:
          clear_output()
          if resuming=="Yes":
            print('Resuming Training...')
          print('No concept images found, skipping concept training...')
          Text_Encoder_Concept_Training_Steps=0
          time.sleep(8)
      
    if UNet_Training_Steps!=0:
      train_only_unet(stp, stpsv, SESSION_DIR, MODELT_NAME, INSTANCE_DIR, OUTPUT_DIR, Text_Encoder_Training_Steps, PT, Seed, Resolution, extrnlcptn, precision, Training_Steps=UNet_Training_Steps)

    if UNet_Training_Steps==0 and Text_Encoder_Concept_Training_Steps==0 and Text_Encoder_Training_Steps==0 :
      print('Nothing to do')
    else:
        if os.path.exists(OUTPUT_DIR+'/unet/diffusion_pytorch_model.bin'):
        
          call('python /notebooks/diffusers/scripts/convertosdv2.py --fp16 '+OUTPUT_DIR+' '+SESSION_DIR+'/'+Session_Name+'.ckpt', shell=True)
          clear_output()
          if os.path.exists(SESSION_DIR+"/"+INSTANCE_NAME+'.ckpt'):
            clear_output()
            print("DONE, the CKPT model is in the session's folder")
          else:
            print("Something went wrong")    
            
        else:
          print("Something went wrong")

    return resume
      
      

def testui(Custom_Path, Previous_Session_Name, Session_Name, User, Password):


    if Previous_Session_Name!="":
      print("Loading a previous session model")
      mdldir='/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/Sessions/'+Previous_Session_Name
      path_to_trained_model=mdldir+"/"+Previous_Session_Name+'.ckpt'

            
      while not os.path.exists(path_to_trained_model):
         print("There is no trained model in the previous session")
         time.sleep(5)
          
    elif Custom_Path!="":
      print("Loading model from a custom path")
      path_to_trained_model=Custom_Path

       
      while not os.path.exists(path_to_trained_model):
         print("Wrong Path")
         time.sleep(5)
           
    else:
        print("Loading the trained model")
        mdldir='/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/Sessions/'+Session_Name
        path_to_trained_model=mdldir+"/"+Session_Name+'.ckpt'


        while not os.path.exists(path_to_trained_model):
           print("There is no trained model in this session")
           time.sleep(5)
           
    auth=f"--gradio-auth {User}:{Password}"
    if User =="" or Password=="":
      auth=""

    os.chdir('/notebooks')
    if not os.path.exists('/notebooks/sd/stablediffusiond'): #reset later
       call('wget -q -O sd_mrep.tar.zst https://huggingface.co/TheLastBen/dependencies/resolve/main/sd_mrep.tar.zst', shell=True)
       call('tar --zstd -xf sd_mrep.tar.zst', shell=True)
       call('rm sd_mrep.tar.zst', shell=True)        
        
    os.chdir('/notebooks/sd')
    if not os.path.exists('stable-diffusion-webui'):
        call('git clone -q --depth 1 --branch master https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui', shell=True)
    
    os.chdir('/notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/')
    call('git reset --hard', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    print('')
    call('git checkout master', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('git pull', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    os.makedirs('/notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/repositories', exist_ok=True)
    call('git clone https://github.com/AUTOMATIC1111/stable-diffusion-webui-assets /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/repositories/stable-diffusion-webui-assets', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    os.chdir('/notebooks')
    clear_output()
      
    call('wget -q -O /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/modules/styles.py https://github.com/TheLastBen/fast-stable-diffusion/raw/main/AUTOMATIC1111_files/styles.py', shell=True)
    call('wget -q -O /usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/gradio/blocks.py https://raw.githubusercontent.com/TheLastBen/fast-stable-diffusion/main/AUTOMATIC1111_files/blocks.py', shell=True)
    
    localurl="tensorboard-"+os.environ.get('PAPERSPACE_FQDN')
    
    for line in fileinput.input('/usr/local/lib/python3.9/dist-packages/gradio/blocks.py', inplace=True):
      if line.strip().startswith('self.server_name ='):
          line = f'            self.server_name = "{localurl}"\n'
      if line.strip().startswith('self.protocol = "https"'):
          line = '            self.protocol = "https"\n'
      if line.strip().startswith('if self.local_url.startswith("https") or self.is_colab'):
          line = ''
      if line.strip().startswith('else "http"'):
          line = ''
      sys.stdout.write(line)


    os.chdir('/notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/modules')
    
    call("sed -i 's@possible_sd_paths =.*@possible_sd_paths = [\"/notebooks/sd/stablediffusion\"]@' /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/modules/paths.py", shell=True)
    call("sed -i 's@\.\.\/@src/@g' /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/modules/paths.py", shell=True)
    call("sed -i 's@src\/generative-models@generative-models@g' /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/modules/paths.py", shell=True)
    
    call("sed -i 's@-> Network | None@@g' /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/extensions-builtin/Lora/network.py", shell=True)
    call("sed -i 's@|@or@' /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/extensions/adetailer/aaaaaa/helper.py", shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    
    call("sed -i 's@\"quicksettings\": OptionInfo(.*@\"quicksettings\": OptionInfo(\"sd_model_checkpoint,  sd_vae, CLIP_stop_at_last_layers, inpainting_mask_weight, initial_noise_multiplier\", \"Quicksettings list\"),@' /notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui/modules/shared.py", shell=True)
    os.chdir('/notebooks/sd/stable-diffusion-webui')
    clear_output()

    configf="--disable-console-progressbars --no-gradio-queue --no-hashing --no-half-vae --disable-safe-unpickle --api --no-download-sd-model --xformers --enable-insecure-extension-access --port 6006 --listen --skip-version-check --ckpt "+path_to_trained_model+" "+auth
    
    return configf



def clean():
    
    Sessions=os.listdir("/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/Sessions")

    s = widgets.Select(
        options=Sessions,
        rows=5,
        description='',
        disabled=False
    )

    out=widgets.Output()

    d = widgets.Button(
        description='Remove',
        disabled=False,
        button_style='warning',
        tooltip='Removet the selected session',
        icon='warning'
    )

    def rem(d):
        with out:
            if s.value is not None:
                clear_output()
                print("THE SESSION "+s.value+" HAS BEEN REMOVED FROM THE STORAGE")
                call('rm -r /notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/Sessions/'+s.value, shell=True)
                if os.path.exists('/notebooks/models/'+s.value):
                  call('rm -r /notebooks/models/'+s.value, shell=True)
                s.options=os.listdir("/notebooks/Fast-Dreambooth/Sessions")       


            else:
                d.close()
                s.close()
                clear_output()
                print("NOTHING TO REMOVE")

    d.on_click(rem)
    if s.value is not None:
        display(s,d,out)
    else:
        print("NOTHING TO REMOVE")
        

        
def hf(Name_of_your_concept, hf_token_write, INSTANCE_NAME, OUTPUT_DIR, Session_Name, MDLPTH):

    from slugify import slugify
    from huggingface_hub import HfApi, HfFolder, CommitOperationAdd
    from huggingface_hub import create_repo
    from IPython.display import display_markdown


    if(Name_of_your_concept == ""):
      Name_of_your_concept = Session_Name
    Name_of_your_concept=Name_of_your_concept.replace(" ","-")  



    if hf_token_write =="":
      print('Your Hugging Face write access token : ')
      hf_token_write=input()

    hf_token = hf_token_write

    api = HfApi()
    your_username = api.whoami(token=hf_token)["name"]

    repo_id = f"{your_username}/{slugify(Name_of_your_concept)}"
    output_dir = f'/notebooks/models/'+INSTANCE_NAME

    def bar(prg):
        clear_output()
        br="Uploading to HuggingFace : " '|'+'█' * prg + ' ' * (25-prg)+'| ' +str(prg*4)+ "%"
        return br

    print("Loading...")

    os.chdir(OUTPUT_DIR)
    call('rm -r safety_checker feature_extractor .git', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('rm model_index.json', shell=True)
    call('git init', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('git lfs install --system --skip-repo', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('git remote add -f origin https://huggingface.co/runwayml/stable-diffusion-v1-5', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('git config core.sparsecheckout true', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('echo -e "\nfeature_extractor\nsafety_checker\nmodel_index.json\n!*.safetensors" > .git/info/sparse-checkout', shell=True)
    call('git pull origin main', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    call('rm -r .git', shell=True, stdout=open('/dev/null', 'w'), stderr=open('/dev/null', 'w'))
    os.chdir('/notebooks')   

    print(bar(1))
       
    readme_text = f'''---
    license: creativeml-openrail-m
    tags:
    - text-to-image
    - stable-diffusion
    ---
    ### {Name_of_your_concept} Dreambooth model trained by {api.whoami(token=hf_token)["name"]} with TheLastBen's fast-DreamBooth notebook

    '''
    #Save the readme to a file
    readme_file = open("README.md", "w")
    readme_file.write(readme_text)
    readme_file.close()

    operations = [
      CommitOperationAdd(path_in_repo="README.md", path_or_fileobj="README.md"),
      CommitOperationAdd(path_in_repo=f"{Session_Name}.ckpt",path_or_fileobj=MDLPTH)

    ]
    create_repo(repo_id,private=True, token=hf_token)

    api.create_commit(
      repo_id=repo_id,
      operations=operations,
      commit_message=f"Upload the concept {Name_of_your_concept} embeds and token",
      token=hf_token
    )

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/feature_extractor",
      path_in_repo="feature_extractor",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(4))

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/safety_checker",
      path_in_repo="safety_checker",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(8))

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/scheduler",
      path_in_repo="scheduler",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(9))

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/text_encoder",
      path_in_repo="text_encoder",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(12))

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/tokenizer",
      path_in_repo="tokenizer",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(13))

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/unet",
      path_in_repo="unet",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(21))

    api.upload_folder(
      folder_path=OUTPUT_DIR+"/vae",
      path_in_repo="vae",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(23))

    api.upload_file(
      path_or_fileobj=OUTPUT_DIR+"/model_index.json",
      path_in_repo="model_index.json",
      repo_id=repo_id,
      token=hf_token
    )

    print(bar(25))

    print("Your concept was saved successfully at https://huggingface.co/"+repo_id)
    done()        



def crop_image(im, size):

  GREEN = "#0F0"
  BLUE = "#00F"
  RED = "#F00"    

  def focal_point(im, settings):
      corner_points = image_corner_points(im, settings) if settings.corner_points_weight > 0 else []
      entropy_points = image_entropy_points(im, settings) if settings.entropy_points_weight > 0 else []
      face_points = image_face_points(im, settings) if settings.face_points_weight > 0 else []

      pois = []

      weight_pref_total = 0
      if len(corner_points) > 0:
        weight_pref_total += settings.corner_points_weight
      if len(entropy_points) > 0:
        weight_pref_total += settings.entropy_points_weight
      if len(face_points) > 0:
        weight_pref_total += settings.face_points_weight

      corner_centroid = None
      if len(corner_points) > 0:
        corner_centroid = centroid(corner_points)
        corner_centroid.weight = settings.corner_points_weight / weight_pref_total 
        pois.append(corner_centroid)

      entropy_centroid = None
      if len(entropy_points) > 0:
        entropy_centroid = centroid(entropy_points)
        entropy_centroid.weight = settings.entropy_points_weight / weight_pref_total
        pois.append(entropy_centroid)

      face_centroid = None
      if len(face_points) > 0:
        face_centroid = centroid(face_points)
        face_centroid.weight = settings.face_points_weight / weight_pref_total 
        pois.append(face_centroid)

      average_point = poi_average(pois, settings)
      
      return average_point


  def image_face_points(im, settings):

      np_im = np.array(im)
      gray = cv2.cvtColor(np_im, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

      tries = [
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_eye.xml', 0.01 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml', 0.05 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_profileface.xml', 0.05 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_frontalface_alt.xml', 0.05 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_frontalface_alt2.xml', 0.05 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_frontalface_alt_tree.xml', 0.05 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_eye_tree_eyeglasses.xml', 0.05 ],
        [ f'{cv2.data.haarcascades}haarcascade_upperbody.xml', 0.05 ]
      ]
      for t in tries:
        classifier = cv2.CascadeClassifier(t[0])
        minsize = int(min(im.width, im.height) * t[1]) # at least N percent of the smallest side
        try:
          faces = classifier.detectMultiScale(gray, scaleFactor=1.1,
            minNeighbors=7, minSize=(minsize, minsize), flags=cv2.CASCADE_SCALE_IMAGE)
        except:
          continue

        if len(faces) > 0:
          rects = [[f[0], f[1], f[0] + f[2], f[1] + f[3]] for f in faces]
          return [PointOfInterest((r[0] +r[2]) // 2, (r[1] + r[3]) // 2, size=abs(r[0]-r[2]), weight=1/len(rects)) for r in rects]
      return []


  def image_corner_points(im, settings):
      grayscale = im.convert("L")

      # naive attempt at preventing focal points from collecting at watermarks near the bottom
      gd = ImageDraw.Draw(grayscale)
      gd.rectangle([0, im.height*.9, im.width, im.height], fill="#999")

      np_im = np.array(grayscale)

      points = cv2.goodFeaturesToTrack(
          np_im,
          maxCorners=100,
          qualityLevel=0.04,
          minDistance=min(grayscale.width, grayscale.height)*0.06,
          useHarrisDetector=False,
      )

      if points is None:
          return []

      focal_points = []
      for point in points:
        x, y = point.ravel()
        focal_points.append(PointOfInterest(x, y, size=4, weight=1/len(points)))

      return focal_points


  def image_entropy_points(im, settings):
      landscape = im.height < im.width
      portrait = im.height > im.width
      if landscape:
        move_idx = [0, 2]
        move_max = im.size[0]
      elif portrait:
        move_idx = [1, 3]
        move_max = im.size[1]
      else:
        return []

      e_max = 0
      crop_current = [0, 0, settings.crop_width, settings.crop_height]
      crop_best = crop_current
      while crop_current[move_idx[1]] < move_max:
          crop = im.crop(tuple(crop_current))
          e = image_entropy(crop)

          if (e > e_max):
            e_max = e
            crop_best = list(crop_current)

          crop_current[move_idx[0]] += 4
          crop_current[move_idx[1]] += 4

      x_mid = int(crop_best[0] + settings.crop_width/2)
      y_mid = int(crop_best[1] + settings.crop_height/2)

      return [PointOfInterest(x_mid, y_mid, size=25, weight=1.0)]


  def image_entropy(im):
      # greyscale image entropy
      # band = np.asarray(im.convert("L"))
      band = np.asarray(im.convert("1"), dtype=np.uint8)
      hist, _ = np.histogram(band, bins=range(0, 256))
      hist = hist[hist > 0]
      return -np.log2(hist / hist.sum()).sum()

  def centroid(pois):
    x = [poi.x for poi in pois]
    y = [poi.y for poi in pois]
    return PointOfInterest(sum(x)/len(pois), sum(y)/len(pois))


  def poi_average(pois, settings):
      weight = 0.0
      x = 0.0
      y = 0.0
      for poi in pois:
          weight += poi.weight
          x += poi.x * poi.weight
          y += poi.y * poi.weight
      avg_x = round(weight and x / weight)
      avg_y = round(weight and y / weight)

      return PointOfInterest(avg_x, avg_y)


  def is_landscape(w, h):
    return w > h


  def is_portrait(w, h):
    return h > w


  def is_square(w, h):
    return w == h


  class PointOfInterest:
    def __init__(self, x, y, weight=1.0, size=10):
      self.x = x
      self.y = y
      self.weight = weight
      self.size = size

    def bounding(self, size):
      return [
        self.x - size//2,
        self.y - size//2,
        self.x + size//2,
        self.y + size//2
      ]

  class Settings:
    def __init__(self, crop_width=512, crop_height=512, corner_points_weight=0.5, entropy_points_weight=0.5, face_points_weight=0.5):
      self.crop_width = crop_width
      self.crop_height = crop_height
      self.corner_points_weight = corner_points_weight
      self.entropy_points_weight = entropy_points_weight
      self.face_points_weight = face_points_weight

  settings = Settings(
      crop_width = size,
      crop_height = size,
      face_points_weight = 0.9,
      entropy_points_weight = 0.15,
      corner_points_weight = 0.5,
  )        

  scale_by = 1
  if is_landscape(im.width, im.height):
    scale_by = settings.crop_height / im.height
  elif is_portrait(im.width, im.height):
    scale_by = settings.crop_width / im.width
  elif is_square(im.width, im.height):
    if is_square(settings.crop_width, settings.crop_height):
      scale_by = settings.crop_width / im.width
    elif is_landscape(settings.crop_width, settings.crop_height):
      scale_by = settings.crop_width / im.width
    elif is_portrait(settings.crop_width, settings.crop_height):
      scale_by = settings.crop_height / im.height

  im = im.resize((int(im.width * scale_by), int(im.height * scale_by)))
  im_debug = im.copy()

  focus = focal_point(im_debug, settings)

  # take the focal point and turn it into crop coordinates that try to center over the focal
  # point but then get adjusted back into the frame
  y_half = int(settings.crop_height / 2)
  x_half = int(settings.crop_width / 2)

  x1 = focus.x - x_half
  if x1 < 0:
      x1 = 0
  elif x1 + settings.crop_width > im.width:
      x1 = im.width - settings.crop_width

  y1 = focus.y - y_half
  if y1 < 0:
      y1 = 0
  elif y1 + settings.crop_height > im.height:
      y1 = im.height - settings.crop_height

  x2 = x1 + settings.crop_width
  y2 = y1 + settings.crop_height

  crop = [x1, y1, x2, y2]

  results = []

  results.append(im.crop(tuple(crop)))

  return results