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0812.4712
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Peter K.F. Kuhfittig
Could some black holes have evolved from wormholes?
7 pages, 1 figure, updated version to incorporate recent findings
Schol.Res.Exch.2008:296158,2008
10.3814/2008/296158
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
One way to explain the present acceleration of the Universe is Einstein's cosmological constant. It is quite likely, in view of some recent studies, that a time-dependent equation of state had caused the Universe to evolve from an earlier phantom-energy model. In that case traversable wormholes could have formed spontaneously. It is shown in this paper that such wormholes would eventually have become black holes. This would provide a possible explanation for the huge number of black holes discovered, while any evidence for the existence of wormholes is entirely lacking, even though wormholes are just as good, in terms of being a prediction of general relativity, as black holes.
[ { "created": "Mon, 29 Dec 2008 15:21:56 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Jan 2009 18:15:17 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sat, 20 Nov 2010 14:43:43 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Fri, 24 Dec 2010 15:56:36 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Mon, 24 Jan 2011 15:53:09 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Sat, 30 Apr 2011 22:04:46 GMT", "version": "v6" } ]
2011-05-03
[ [ "Kuhfittig", "Peter K. F.", "" ] ]
One way to explain the present acceleration of the Universe is Einstein's cosmological constant. It is quite likely, in view of some recent studies, that a time-dependent equation of state had caused the Universe to evolve from an earlier phantom-energy model. In that case traversable wormholes could have formed spontaneously. It is shown in this paper that such wormholes would eventually have become black holes. This would provide a possible explanation for the huge number of black holes discovered, while any evidence for the existence of wormholes is entirely lacking, even though wormholes are just as good, in terms of being a prediction of general relativity, as black holes.
2105.12413
Junji Jia
Xiaoge Xu, Tingyuan Jiang and Junji Jia
Deflection angle with electromagnetic interaction and gravitational-electromagnetic dual lensing
16 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; to appear in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2021/08/022
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The trajectory deflection and gravitational-electromagnetic dual lensing (GEL) of charged signal in general charged static and spherically symmetric spacetimes are considered in this work. We showed that the perturbative approach previously developed for neutral particles can be extended to the electromagnetic interaction case. The deflection angle still takes a (quasi-)series form and the finite distance effect of both the source and observer can be taken into account. Comparing to pure gravitational case, the apparent angles of the images in the GEL, their magnifications and time delay all receive the electromagnetic corrections starting from the first non-trivial order. The sign and relative size of the leading corrections are determined by $\sim \frac{Q}{M}\frac{q}{E}$ where $M,~Q,~q,~E$ are the spacetime mass and charge, and signal particle charge and energy respectively. It is found that for $qQ>0$ (or $<0$), the electromagnetic interaction will decrease (or increase) the deflection angle, and in GEL the impact parameters, apparent angles, magnifications and total travel time for each image. The time delay is increased for small $\beta$ and $qQ>0$, and otherwise always increased regardless the sign of $qQ$. The results are then applied to the deflection and GEL of charged protons in cosmic rays in Reissner-Nordstrom, charged dilaton and charged Horndeski spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Wed, 26 May 2021 09:07:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 11 Aug 2021 15:51:53 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-08-25
[ [ "Xu", "Xiaoge", "" ], [ "Jiang", "Tingyuan", "" ], [ "Jia", "Junji", "" ] ]
The trajectory deflection and gravitational-electromagnetic dual lensing (GEL) of charged signal in general charged static and spherically symmetric spacetimes are considered in this work. We showed that the perturbative approach previously developed for neutral particles can be extended to the electromagnetic interaction case. The deflection angle still takes a (quasi-)series form and the finite distance effect of both the source and observer can be taken into account. Comparing to pure gravitational case, the apparent angles of the images in the GEL, their magnifications and time delay all receive the electromagnetic corrections starting from the first non-trivial order. The sign and relative size of the leading corrections are determined by $\sim \frac{Q}{M}\frac{q}{E}$ where $M,~Q,~q,~E$ are the spacetime mass and charge, and signal particle charge and energy respectively. It is found that for $qQ>0$ (or $<0$), the electromagnetic interaction will decrease (or increase) the deflection angle, and in GEL the impact parameters, apparent angles, magnifications and total travel time for each image. The time delay is increased for small $\beta$ and $qQ>0$, and otherwise always increased regardless the sign of $qQ$. The results are then applied to the deflection and GEL of charged protons in cosmic rays in Reissner-Nordstrom, charged dilaton and charged Horndeski spacetimes.
2303.15512
Maxime Gadioux
Maxime Gadioux and Harvey S. Reall
Creases, corners and caustics: properties of non-smooth structures on black hole horizons
v2: improved discussion of crease entropy; added discussion of Bousso bound
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The event horizon of a dynamical black hole is generically a non-smooth hypersurface. We classify the types of non-smooth structure that can arise on a horizon that is smooth at late time. The classification includes creases, corners and caustic points. We prove that creases and corners form spacelike submanifolds of dimension $2,1$ and that caustic points form a set of dimension at most $1$. We classify "perestroikas" of these structures, in which they undergo a qualitative change at an instant of time. A crease perestroika gives an exact local description of the event horizon near the "instant of merger" of a generic black hole merger. Other crease perestroikas describe horizon nucleation or collapse of a hole in a toroidal horizon. Caustic perestroikas, in which a pair of caustic points either nucleate or annihilate, provide a mechanism for creases to decay. We argue that properties of quantum entanglement entropy suggest that creases might contribute to black hole entropy. We explain that a "Gauss-Bonnet" term in the entropy is non-topological on a non-smooth horizon, which invalidates previous arguments against such a term.
[ { "created": "Mon, 27 Mar 2023 18:00:05 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 12 Sep 2023 15:47:17 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-09-13
[ [ "Gadioux", "Maxime", "" ], [ "Reall", "Harvey S.", "" ] ]
The event horizon of a dynamical black hole is generically a non-smooth hypersurface. We classify the types of non-smooth structure that can arise on a horizon that is smooth at late time. The classification includes creases, corners and caustic points. We prove that creases and corners form spacelike submanifolds of dimension $2,1$ and that caustic points form a set of dimension at most $1$. We classify "perestroikas" of these structures, in which they undergo a qualitative change at an instant of time. A crease perestroika gives an exact local description of the event horizon near the "instant of merger" of a generic black hole merger. Other crease perestroikas describe horizon nucleation or collapse of a hole in a toroidal horizon. Caustic perestroikas, in which a pair of caustic points either nucleate or annihilate, provide a mechanism for creases to decay. We argue that properties of quantum entanglement entropy suggest that creases might contribute to black hole entropy. We explain that a "Gauss-Bonnet" term in the entropy is non-topological on a non-smooth horizon, which invalidates previous arguments against such a term.
2104.06013
Yotam Sherf
Ram Brustein, Yotam Sherf
Classical Love for Quantum Blackholes
Replaced to agree with the published PRD version
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.105.024044
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a method for comparing the classical and quantum calculations of the electric quadrupolar Love number $k_2$ and show that our previous derivation of the quantum Love number of a quantum blackhole matches exactly the classical calculation of $k_2$ when quantum expectation values are replaced by the corresponding classical quantities, as dictated by the Bohr correspondence principle. The standard derivation of $k_2$ for classical relativistic stars relies on fixing boundary conditions on the surface of the star for the Einstein equations in the presence of an external perturbing field. An alternative method for calculating $k_2$ uses properties of the spectrum of the non-relativistic fluid modes of the star. We adopt this alternative method and use it to derive an effective description of the interior modes in terms of a collection of driven harmonic oscillators characterized by different frequencies and amplitudes. We compare these two classical methods and find that most of the interior information can be integrated out, reducing the problem of calculating $k_2$ to fixing a single boundary condition for the perturbed Einstein equations on the surface of the deformed star. We then determine this single boundary condition in terms of the spectrum of the object and proceed to identify the relationship between classical quantities and quantum expectation values and to verify the agreement between the results of the effective classical calculation and the quantum calculation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Apr 2021 08:25:39 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 19 Jan 2022 17:43:26 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-01-20
[ [ "Brustein", "Ram", "" ], [ "Sherf", "Yotam", "" ] ]
We present a method for comparing the classical and quantum calculations of the electric quadrupolar Love number $k_2$ and show that our previous derivation of the quantum Love number of a quantum blackhole matches exactly the classical calculation of $k_2$ when quantum expectation values are replaced by the corresponding classical quantities, as dictated by the Bohr correspondence principle. The standard derivation of $k_2$ for classical relativistic stars relies on fixing boundary conditions on the surface of the star for the Einstein equations in the presence of an external perturbing field. An alternative method for calculating $k_2$ uses properties of the spectrum of the non-relativistic fluid modes of the star. We adopt this alternative method and use it to derive an effective description of the interior modes in terms of a collection of driven harmonic oscillators characterized by different frequencies and amplitudes. We compare these two classical methods and find that most of the interior information can be integrated out, reducing the problem of calculating $k_2$ to fixing a single boundary condition for the perturbed Einstein equations on the surface of the deformed star. We then determine this single boundary condition in terms of the spectrum of the object and proceed to identify the relationship between classical quantities and quantum expectation values and to verify the agreement between the results of the effective classical calculation and the quantum calculation.
1912.12626
Vladimir Khatsymovsky
V.M. Khatsymovsky
On the discrete version of the black hole solution
24 pages, typos corrected, readability improved
Int. Journ. Mod. Phys. A, Vol. 35, Nos. 11 & 12, 2050058 (2020)
10.1142/S0217751X2050058X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A Schwarzschild type solution in Regge calculus is considered. Earlier, we considered a mechanism of loose fixing of edge lengths due to the functional integral measure arising from integration over connection in the functional integral for the connection representation of the Regge action. The length scale depends on a free dimensionless parameter that determines the final functional measure. For this parameter and the length scale large in Planck units, the resulting effective action is close to the Regge action. Earlier, we considered the Regge action in terms of affine connection matrices as functions of the metric inside the 4-simplices and found that it is a difference form of the Hilbert-Einstein action in the leading order over metric variations between the 4-simplices. Now we take the (continuum) Schwarzschild problem in the form where spherical symmetry is not set a priori and arises just in the solution, take the difference form of the corresponding equations and get the metric (in fact, in the Lemaitre or Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand like frame), which is nonsingular at the origin, just as the Newtonian gravitational potential, obeying the difference Poisson equation with a point source, is cut off at the elementary length and is finite at the source.
[ { "created": "Sun, 29 Dec 2019 10:59:06 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 29 Aug 2020 14:42:50 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-09-01
[ [ "Khatsymovsky", "V. M.", "" ] ]
A Schwarzschild type solution in Regge calculus is considered. Earlier, we considered a mechanism of loose fixing of edge lengths due to the functional integral measure arising from integration over connection in the functional integral for the connection representation of the Regge action. The length scale depends on a free dimensionless parameter that determines the final functional measure. For this parameter and the length scale large in Planck units, the resulting effective action is close to the Regge action. Earlier, we considered the Regge action in terms of affine connection matrices as functions of the metric inside the 4-simplices and found that it is a difference form of the Hilbert-Einstein action in the leading order over metric variations between the 4-simplices. Now we take the (continuum) Schwarzschild problem in the form where spherical symmetry is not set a priori and arises just in the solution, take the difference form of the corresponding equations and get the metric (in fact, in the Lemaitre or Painlev\'{e}-Gullstrand like frame), which is nonsingular at the origin, just as the Newtonian gravitational potential, obeying the difference Poisson equation with a point source, is cut off at the elementary length and is finite at the source.
gr-qc/9802063
Jorge Pullin
Reinaldo Gleiser, Oscar Nicasio, Richard Price and Jorge Pullin
The collision of boosted black holes: second order close limit calculations
20 pages, RevTeX, 6 figures included with psfig
Phys.Rev. D59 (1999) 044024
10.1103/PhysRevD.59.044024
CGPG-98/2-1
gr-qc
null
We study the head-on collision of black holes starting from unsymmetrized, Brill--Lindquist type data for black holes with non-vanishing initial linear momentum. Evolution of the initial data is carried out with the ``close limit approximation,'' in which small initial separation and momentum are assumed, and second-order perturbation theory is used. We find agreement that is remarkably good, and that in some ways improves with increasing momentum. This work extends a previous study in which second order perturbation calculations were used for momentarily stationary initial data, and another study in which linearized perturbation theory was used for initially moving holes. In addition to supplying answers about the collisions, the present work has revealed several subtle points about the use of higher order perturbation theory, points that did not arise in the previous studies. These points include issues of normalization, and of comparison with numerical simulations, and will be important to subsequent applications of approximation methods for collisions.
[ { "created": "Thu, 26 Feb 1998 03:14:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-31
[ [ "Gleiser", "Reinaldo", "" ], [ "Nicasio", "Oscar", "" ], [ "Price", "Richard", "" ], [ "Pullin", "Jorge", "" ] ]
We study the head-on collision of black holes starting from unsymmetrized, Brill--Lindquist type data for black holes with non-vanishing initial linear momentum. Evolution of the initial data is carried out with the ``close limit approximation,'' in which small initial separation and momentum are assumed, and second-order perturbation theory is used. We find agreement that is remarkably good, and that in some ways improves with increasing momentum. This work extends a previous study in which second order perturbation calculations were used for momentarily stationary initial data, and another study in which linearized perturbation theory was used for initially moving holes. In addition to supplying answers about the collisions, the present work has revealed several subtle points about the use of higher order perturbation theory, points that did not arise in the previous studies. These points include issues of normalization, and of comparison with numerical simulations, and will be important to subsequent applications of approximation methods for collisions.
2112.04196
Saeed Noori Gashti
S. Noori Gashti, J. Sadeghi
Inflation, Swampland, and Landscape
15 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Modern Physics A (IJMPA)
International Journal of Modern Physics A 37 (04), 2250006 (2022)
10.1142/S0217751X22500063
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we evaluate a new refined de Sitter (dS) conjecture perspective. This conjecture provides interesting conditions in studying various inflationary models. Therefore we challenge refined dS conjecture with a general method for analyzing the potentials with the inflectional point near the top (V''= 0). We find the compatible spaces for our inflationary model that live out of swampland according to the latest observational data, such as Planck 2018.
[ { "created": "Wed, 8 Dec 2021 09:49:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-02-14
[ [ "Gashti", "S. Noori", "" ], [ "Sadeghi", "J.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we evaluate a new refined de Sitter (dS) conjecture perspective. This conjecture provides interesting conditions in studying various inflationary models. Therefore we challenge refined dS conjecture with a general method for analyzing the potentials with the inflectional point near the top (V''= 0). We find the compatible spaces for our inflationary model that live out of swampland according to the latest observational data, such as Planck 2018.
1308.4704
Richard O'Shaughnessy
R. O'Shaughnessy (1), B. Farr (2), E. Ochsner (1), Hee-Suk Cho (3), C. Kim (4), Chang-Hwan Lee (3) ((1) University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, (2) Northwestern University, (3) Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Korea, (4) Department of Physics, West Virginia University)
Parameter Estimation of Gravitational Waves from Nonprecessing BH-NS Inspirals with higher harmonics: Comparing MCMC posteriors to an Effective Fisher Matrix
v2: Corrected figures, plus improvements in response to referee
Phys. Rev. D 89, 064048 (2014)
10.1103/PhysRevD.89.064048
LIGO DCC P1300110
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using the \texttt{lalinference} Markov-chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation code, we examine two distinct nonprecessing black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) binaries with and without higher-order harmonics. Our simulations suggest that higher harmonics provide a minimal amount of additional information, principally about source geometry. Higher harmonics do provide disproportionately more information than expected from the signal power. Our results compare favorably to the "effective Fisher matrix" approach. Extrapolating using analytic scalings, we expect higher harmonics will provide little new information about nonprecessing BH-NS binaries at the signal amplitudes expected for the first few detections. Any study of subdominant degrees of freedom in gravitational wave astronomy can adopt the tools presented here ($V/V_{\rm prior}$ and $D_{KL}$) to assess whether new physics is accessible (e.g., modifications of gravity; spin-orbit misalignment) and if so precisely what information those new parameters provide. For astrophysicists, we provide a concrete illustration of how well parameters of a BH-NS binary can be measured, relevant to the astrophysical interpretation of coincident EM and GW events (e.g., short GRBs). For our fiducial initial-detector example, the individual masses can be determined to lie between $7.11-11.48 M_\odot$ and $1.77-1.276M_\odot$ at greater than 99% confidence, accounting for unknown BH spin. Assuming comparable control over waveform systematics, future measurements of BH-NS binaries can constrain the BH and perhaps NS mass distributions.
[ { "created": "Wed, 21 Aug 2013 20:29:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 21 Feb 2014 18:04:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2014-03-26
[ [ "O'Shaughnessy", "R.", "" ], [ "Farr", "B.", "" ], [ "Ochsner", "E.", "" ], [ "Cho", "Hee-Suk", "" ], [ "Kim", "C.", "" ], [ "Lee", "Chang-Hwan", "" ] ]
Using the \texttt{lalinference} Markov-chain Monte Carlo parameter estimation code, we examine two distinct nonprecessing black hole-neutron star (BH-NS) binaries with and without higher-order harmonics. Our simulations suggest that higher harmonics provide a minimal amount of additional information, principally about source geometry. Higher harmonics do provide disproportionately more information than expected from the signal power. Our results compare favorably to the "effective Fisher matrix" approach. Extrapolating using analytic scalings, we expect higher harmonics will provide little new information about nonprecessing BH-NS binaries at the signal amplitudes expected for the first few detections. Any study of subdominant degrees of freedom in gravitational wave astronomy can adopt the tools presented here ($V/V_{\rm prior}$ and $D_{KL}$) to assess whether new physics is accessible (e.g., modifications of gravity; spin-orbit misalignment) and if so precisely what information those new parameters provide. For astrophysicists, we provide a concrete illustration of how well parameters of a BH-NS binary can be measured, relevant to the astrophysical interpretation of coincident EM and GW events (e.g., short GRBs). For our fiducial initial-detector example, the individual masses can be determined to lie between $7.11-11.48 M_\odot$ and $1.77-1.276M_\odot$ at greater than 99% confidence, accounting for unknown BH spin. Assuming comparable control over waveform systematics, future measurements of BH-NS binaries can constrain the BH and perhaps NS mass distributions.
1608.00113
Tiberiu Harko
Min-Xing Xu, Tiberiu Harko, Shi-Dong Liang
Quantum Cosmology of $f(R,T)$ gravity
20 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in EPJC
The European Physical Journal C, 76(8), 1-19 (2016)
10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4303-6
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Modified gravity theories have the potential of explaining the recent acceleration of the Universe without resorting to the mysterious concept of dark energy. In particular, it has been pointed out that matter-geometry coupling may be responsible for the recent cosmological dynamics of the Universe, and matter itself may play a more fundamental role in the description of the gravitational processes that usually assumed. We study the quantum cosmology of the $f(R,T)$ gravity theory, in which the effective Lagrangian of the gravitational field is given by an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar, and the trace of the matter energy-momentum tensor, respectively. For the background geometry we adopt the Friedmann--Robertson--Walker metric, and we assume that matter content of the Universe consists of a perfect fluid. We obtain the general form of the gravitational Hamiltonian, of the quantum potential, and of the canonical momenta, respectively. This allows us to formulate the full Wheeler-de Witt equation describing the quantum properties of this modified gravity model. As a specific application we consider in detail the quantum cosmology of the $f(R,T)=F^0(R)+\theta RT$ model, in which $F^0(R)$ is an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar, and $\theta $ is a function of the scale factor only. The Hamiltonian form of the equations of motion, and the Wheeler-de Witt equations are obtained, and a time parameter for the corresponding dynamical system is identified, which allows to formulate the Schr\"{o}dinger--Wheeler--de Witt equation for the quantum-mechanical description of the model under consideration. A perturbative approach for the study of this equation is developed, and the energy levels of the Universe are obtained by using a twofold degenerate perturbation approach. A second quantization approach for the description of quantum time is also proposed, and briefly discussed.
[ { "created": "Sat, 30 Jul 2016 12:42:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-17
[ [ "Xu", "Min-Xing", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ], [ "Liang", "Shi-Dong", "" ] ]
Modified gravity theories have the potential of explaining the recent acceleration of the Universe without resorting to the mysterious concept of dark energy. In particular, it has been pointed out that matter-geometry coupling may be responsible for the recent cosmological dynamics of the Universe, and matter itself may play a more fundamental role in the description of the gravitational processes that usually assumed. We study the quantum cosmology of the $f(R,T)$ gravity theory, in which the effective Lagrangian of the gravitational field is given by an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar, and the trace of the matter energy-momentum tensor, respectively. For the background geometry we adopt the Friedmann--Robertson--Walker metric, and we assume that matter content of the Universe consists of a perfect fluid. We obtain the general form of the gravitational Hamiltonian, of the quantum potential, and of the canonical momenta, respectively. This allows us to formulate the full Wheeler-de Witt equation describing the quantum properties of this modified gravity model. As a specific application we consider in detail the quantum cosmology of the $f(R,T)=F^0(R)+\theta RT$ model, in which $F^0(R)$ is an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar, and $\theta $ is a function of the scale factor only. The Hamiltonian form of the equations of motion, and the Wheeler-de Witt equations are obtained, and a time parameter for the corresponding dynamical system is identified, which allows to formulate the Schr\"{o}dinger--Wheeler--de Witt equation for the quantum-mechanical description of the model under consideration. A perturbative approach for the study of this equation is developed, and the energy levels of the Universe are obtained by using a twofold degenerate perturbation approach. A second quantization approach for the description of quantum time is also proposed, and briefly discussed.
gr-qc/0108060
Hajime Sotani
Hajime Sotani, Kazuhiro Tominaga, and Kei-ichi Maeda
Density Discontinuity of a Neutron Star and Gravitational Waves
REVTeX,18 pages, 8 figures
Phys.Rev. D65 (2002) 024010
10.1103/PhysRevD.65.024010
WU-AP/135/01
gr-qc
null
We calculate quasi-normal f- and g-modes of a neutron star with density discontinuity, which may appear in a phase transition at extreme high density. We find that discontinuity will reflect largely on the f-mode, and that the g-mode could also be important for a less massive star.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 Aug 2001 11:51:07 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-11-07
[ [ "Sotani", "Hajime", "" ], [ "Tominaga", "Kazuhiro", "" ], [ "Maeda", "Kei-ichi", "" ] ]
We calculate quasi-normal f- and g-modes of a neutron star with density discontinuity, which may appear in a phase transition at extreme high density. We find that discontinuity will reflect largely on the f-mode, and that the g-mode could also be important for a less massive star.
gr-qc/0210076
null
Sergei M. Kopeikin (University of Missouri-Columbia, USA)
Retardation of Gravity in Binary Pulsars
4 pages, no figures, to appear in the proceedings of the "Radio Pulsars" meeting, Crete, Greece, August 26-29, 2002; eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice and S. Thorsett
Radio Pulsars. Eds. M. Bailes, D. Nice and S. Thorsett. ASP Conference Series, Vol. 302 (Sheridan Books 2003) pp. 111 - 114
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
We study the effect of retardation of gravity in binary pulsars. It appears in pulsar timing formula as a periodic excess time delay to the Shapiro effect. The retardation of gravity effect can be large enough for observation in binary pulsars with the nearly edgewise orbits and relatively large ratio of the projected semimajor axis to the orbital period of the pulsar. If one succeeds in measuring the retardation of gravity it will give further experimental evidence in favor of General Relativity.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Oct 2002 00:01:57 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Kopeikin", "Sergei M.", "", "University of Missouri-Columbia, USA" ] ]
We study the effect of retardation of gravity in binary pulsars. It appears in pulsar timing formula as a periodic excess time delay to the Shapiro effect. The retardation of gravity effect can be large enough for observation in binary pulsars with the nearly edgewise orbits and relatively large ratio of the projected semimajor axis to the orbital period of the pulsar. If one succeeds in measuring the retardation of gravity it will give further experimental evidence in favor of General Relativity.
2004.06525
Dipanjan Dey
Ashok B. Joshi, Dipanjan Dey, Pankaj S. Joshi, Parth Bambhaniya
Shadow of a Naked Singularity without Photon Sphere
9 pages, 12 figures
Phys. Rev. D 102, 024022 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.024022
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
It is generally believed that the shadows of either a black hole or naked singularity arise due to photon spheres developing in these spacetimes. Here we propose a new spherically symmetric naked singularity spacetime solution of Einstein equations which has no photon sphere, and we show that the singularity casts a shadow in the absence of the photon sphere. We discuss some novel features of this shadow and the lightlike geodesics in this spacetime. We compare the shadow of the naked singularity here with shadows cast by Schwarzschild black hole and the first type of Joshi-Malafarina-Narayan (JMN1) naked singularity, where for the last two spacetimes the shadow is formed due to the presence of a photon sphere. It is seen, in particular, that the size of shadow of the singularity is considerably smaller than that of a black hole. Our analysis shows that the shadow of this naked singularity is distinguishable from the shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole and the JMN1 naked singularity. These results are useful and important in the context of recent observations of shadow of the M87 galactic center.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Apr 2020 14:06:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-07-15
[ [ "Joshi", "Ashok B.", "" ], [ "Dey", "Dipanjan", "" ], [ "Joshi", "Pankaj S.", "" ], [ "Bambhaniya", "Parth", "" ] ]
It is generally believed that the shadows of either a black hole or naked singularity arise due to photon spheres developing in these spacetimes. Here we propose a new spherically symmetric naked singularity spacetime solution of Einstein equations which has no photon sphere, and we show that the singularity casts a shadow in the absence of the photon sphere. We discuss some novel features of this shadow and the lightlike geodesics in this spacetime. We compare the shadow of the naked singularity here with shadows cast by Schwarzschild black hole and the first type of Joshi-Malafarina-Narayan (JMN1) naked singularity, where for the last two spacetimes the shadow is formed due to the presence of a photon sphere. It is seen, in particular, that the size of shadow of the singularity is considerably smaller than that of a black hole. Our analysis shows that the shadow of this naked singularity is distinguishable from the shadow of a Schwarzschild black hole and the JMN1 naked singularity. These results are useful and important in the context of recent observations of shadow of the M87 galactic center.
1108.4256
Grigory Vereshkov
Grigory Vereshkov and Leonid Marochnik
Quantum gravity in Heisenberg representation and self-consistent theory of gravitons in macroscopic spacetime
15 pages; v2: Expanded explanation of the reasons why the vast majority of papers on the quantum theory of gravitons published in 1977-2008 is erroneous
J. Mod. Phys. 4, 285-297 (2013)
10.4236/jmp.2013.42039
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The first mathematically consistent exact equations of quantum gravity in the Heisenberg representation and Hamilton gauge are obtained. It is shown that the path integral over the canonical variables in the Hamilton gauge is mathematically equivalent to the operator equations of quantum theory of gravity with canonical rules of quantization of the gravitational and ghost fields. In its operator formulation, the theory can be used to calculate the graviton S-matrix as well as to describe the quantum evolution of macroscopic system of gravitons in the non-stationary Universe or in the vicinity of relativistic objects. In the S-matrix case, the standard results are obtained. For problems of the second type, the original Heisenberg equations of quantum gravity are converted to a self-consistent system of equations for the metric of the macroscopic spacetime and Heisenberg operators of quantum fields. It is shown that conditions of the compatibility and internal consistency of this system of equations are performed without restrictions on the amplitude and wavelength of gravitons and ghosts. The status of ghost fields in the various formulations of quantum theory of gravity is discussed.
[ { "created": "Mon, 22 Aug 2011 08:24:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 5 Mar 2013 09:53:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2013-03-06
[ [ "Vereshkov", "Grigory", "" ], [ "Marochnik", "Leonid", "" ] ]
The first mathematically consistent exact equations of quantum gravity in the Heisenberg representation and Hamilton gauge are obtained. It is shown that the path integral over the canonical variables in the Hamilton gauge is mathematically equivalent to the operator equations of quantum theory of gravity with canonical rules of quantization of the gravitational and ghost fields. In its operator formulation, the theory can be used to calculate the graviton S-matrix as well as to describe the quantum evolution of macroscopic system of gravitons in the non-stationary Universe or in the vicinity of relativistic objects. In the S-matrix case, the standard results are obtained. For problems of the second type, the original Heisenberg equations of quantum gravity are converted to a self-consistent system of equations for the metric of the macroscopic spacetime and Heisenberg operators of quantum fields. It is shown that conditions of the compatibility and internal consistency of this system of equations are performed without restrictions on the amplitude and wavelength of gravitons and ghosts. The status of ghost fields in the various formulations of quantum theory of gravity is discussed.
1005.4530
Richard Woodard
L.H. Ford (Tufts University), S.P. Miao (CECS), Kin-Wang Ng (Academia Sinica), R.P. Woodard (U. of Florida) and Chun-Hsien Wu (Academia Sinica)
Quantum Stress Tensor Fluctuations of a Conformal Field and Inflationary Cosmology
31 pages, 1 figure, uses LaTeX2epsilon
Phys.Rev.D82:043501,2010
10.1103/PhysRevD.82.043501
CECS-PHY-10/6, UFIFT-QG-10-02
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We discuss the additional perturbation introduced during inflation by quantum stress tensor fluctuations of a conformally invariant field such as the photon. We consider both a kinematical model, which deals only with the expansion fluctuations of geodesics, and a dynamical model which treats the coupling of the stress tensor fluctuations to a scalar inflaton. In neither model do we find any growth at late times, in accordance with a theorem due to Weinberg. What we find instead is a correction which becomes larger the earlier one starts inflation. This correction is non-Gaussian and highly scale dependent, so the absence of such effects from the observed power spectra may imply a constraint on the total duration of inflation. We discuss different views about the validity of perturbation theory at very early times during which currently observable modes are transplanckian.
[ { "created": "Tue, 25 May 2010 10:56:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-08-15
[ [ "Ford", "L. H.", "", "Tufts University" ], [ "Miao", "S. P.", "", "CECS" ], [ "Ng", "Kin-Wang", "", "Academia\n Sinica" ], [ "Woodard", "R. P.", "", "U. of Florida" ], [ "Wu", "Chun-Hsien", "", "Academia Sinica" ] ]
We discuss the additional perturbation introduced during inflation by quantum stress tensor fluctuations of a conformally invariant field such as the photon. We consider both a kinematical model, which deals only with the expansion fluctuations of geodesics, and a dynamical model which treats the coupling of the stress tensor fluctuations to a scalar inflaton. In neither model do we find any growth at late times, in accordance with a theorem due to Weinberg. What we find instead is a correction which becomes larger the earlier one starts inflation. This correction is non-Gaussian and highly scale dependent, so the absence of such effects from the observed power spectra may imply a constraint on the total duration of inflation. We discuss different views about the validity of perturbation theory at very early times during which currently observable modes are transplanckian.
1503.03436
Katy Clough Ms
Katy Clough, Pau Figueras, Hal Finkel, Markus Kunesch, Eugene A. Lim, Saran Tunyasuvunakool
GRChombo : Numerical Relativity with Adaptive Mesh Refinement
48 pages, 24 figures
Class.Quant.Grav. 32 (2015) 24, 245011
10.1088/0264-9381/32/24/245011
KCL-PH-TH/2015-40
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, we introduce GRChombo: a new numerical relativity code which incorporates full adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) using block structured Berger-Rigoutsos grid generation. The code supports non-trivial "many-boxes-in-many-boxes" mesh hierarchies and massive parallelism through the Message Passing Interface (MPI). GRChombo evolves the Einstein equation using the standard BSSN formalism, with an option to turn on CCZ4 constraint damping if required. The AMR capability permits the study of a range of new physics which has previously been computationally infeasible in a full 3+1 setting, whilst also significantly simplifying the process of setting up the mesh for these problems. We show that GRChombo can stably and accurately evolve standard spacetimes such as binary black hole mergers and scalar collapses into black holes, demonstrate the performance characteristics of our code, and discuss various physics problems which stand to benefit from the AMR technique.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Mar 2015 18:20:21 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 9 Sep 2015 18:20:40 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 8 Feb 2016 16:07:30 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-02-09
[ [ "Clough", "Katy", "" ], [ "Figueras", "Pau", "" ], [ "Finkel", "Hal", "" ], [ "Kunesch", "Markus", "" ], [ "Lim", "Eugene A.", "" ], [ "Tunyasuvunakool", "Saran", "" ] ]
In this work, we introduce GRChombo: a new numerical relativity code which incorporates full adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) using block structured Berger-Rigoutsos grid generation. The code supports non-trivial "many-boxes-in-many-boxes" mesh hierarchies and massive parallelism through the Message Passing Interface (MPI). GRChombo evolves the Einstein equation using the standard BSSN formalism, with an option to turn on CCZ4 constraint damping if required. The AMR capability permits the study of a range of new physics which has previously been computationally infeasible in a full 3+1 setting, whilst also significantly simplifying the process of setting up the mesh for these problems. We show that GRChombo can stably and accurately evolve standard spacetimes such as binary black hole mergers and scalar collapses into black holes, demonstrate the performance characteristics of our code, and discuss various physics problems which stand to benefit from the AMR technique.
2304.02035
James Alvey
Uddipta Bhardwaj, James Alvey, Benjamin Kurt Miller, Samaya Nissanke, Christoph Weniger
Peregrine: Sequential simulation-based inference for gravitational wave signals
14 pages, 5 figures. Code: peregrine available at https://github.com/peregrine-gw/peregrine. Matches published version
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
The current and upcoming generations of gravitational wave experiments represent an exciting step forward in terms of detector sensitivity and performance. For example, key upgrades at the LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA facilities will see the next observing run (O4) probe a spatial volume around four times larger than the previous run (O3), and design implementations for e.g. the Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer and LISA experiments are taking shape to explore a wider frequency range and probe cosmic distances. In this context, however, a number of very real data analysis problems face the gravitational wave community. For example, it will be crucial to develop tools and strategies to analyse (amongst other scenarios) signals that arrive coincidentally in detectors, longer signals that are in the presence of non-stationary noise or other shorter transients, as well as noisy, potentially correlated, coherent stochastic backgrounds. With these challenges in mind, we develop peregrine, a new sequential simulation-based inference approach designed to study broad classes of gravitational wave signal. In this work, we describe the method and implementation, before demonstrating its accuracy and robustness through direct comparison with established likelihood-based methods. Specifically, we show that we are able to fully reconstruct the posterior distributions for every parameter of a spinning, precessing compact binary coalescence using one of the most physically detailed and computationally expensive waveform approximants (SEOBNRv4PHM). Crucially, we are able to do this using only 2% of the waveform evaluations that are required in e.g. nested sampling approaches. Finally, we provide some outlook as to how this level of simulation efficiency and flexibility in the statistical analysis could allow peregrine to tackle these current and future gravitational wave data analysis problems.
[ { "created": "Tue, 4 Apr 2023 18:00:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 2 Jul 2024 07:21:09 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-07-03
[ [ "Bhardwaj", "Uddipta", "" ], [ "Alvey", "James", "" ], [ "Miller", "Benjamin Kurt", "" ], [ "Nissanke", "Samaya", "" ], [ "Weniger", "Christoph", "" ] ]
The current and upcoming generations of gravitational wave experiments represent an exciting step forward in terms of detector sensitivity and performance. For example, key upgrades at the LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA facilities will see the next observing run (O4) probe a spatial volume around four times larger than the previous run (O3), and design implementations for e.g. the Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer and LISA experiments are taking shape to explore a wider frequency range and probe cosmic distances. In this context, however, a number of very real data analysis problems face the gravitational wave community. For example, it will be crucial to develop tools and strategies to analyse (amongst other scenarios) signals that arrive coincidentally in detectors, longer signals that are in the presence of non-stationary noise or other shorter transients, as well as noisy, potentially correlated, coherent stochastic backgrounds. With these challenges in mind, we develop peregrine, a new sequential simulation-based inference approach designed to study broad classes of gravitational wave signal. In this work, we describe the method and implementation, before demonstrating its accuracy and robustness through direct comparison with established likelihood-based methods. Specifically, we show that we are able to fully reconstruct the posterior distributions for every parameter of a spinning, precessing compact binary coalescence using one of the most physically detailed and computationally expensive waveform approximants (SEOBNRv4PHM). Crucially, we are able to do this using only 2% of the waveform evaluations that are required in e.g. nested sampling approaches. Finally, we provide some outlook as to how this level of simulation efficiency and flexibility in the statistical analysis could allow peregrine to tackle these current and future gravitational wave data analysis problems.
1305.3757
Bin Chen
Bin Chen and Jia-ju Zhang
Thermodynamics in Black-hole/CFT Correspondence
8 pages. Essay awarded honourable mention in the Gravity Research Foundation 2013 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Int. J. Mod. Phys. D22 (2013) 1342012
10.1142/S0218271813420121
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The area law of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black hole suggests that the black hole should have a lower-dimensional holographic description. It has been found recently that a large class of rotating and charged black holes could be holographically described a two-dimensional (2D) conformal field theory (CFT). We show that the universal information of the dual CFT, including the central charges and the temperatures, is fully encoded in the thermodynamics laws of both outer and inner horizons. These laws, characterizing how the black hole responds under the perturbation, allows us to read different dual pictures with respect to different kinds of perturbations. The remarkable effectiveness of this thermodynamics method suggest that the inner horizon could play a key role in the study of holographic description of the black hole.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 May 2013 10:59:14 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-04-29
[ [ "Chen", "Bin", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Jia-ju", "" ] ]
The area law of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the black hole suggests that the black hole should have a lower-dimensional holographic description. It has been found recently that a large class of rotating and charged black holes could be holographically described a two-dimensional (2D) conformal field theory (CFT). We show that the universal information of the dual CFT, including the central charges and the temperatures, is fully encoded in the thermodynamics laws of both outer and inner horizons. These laws, characterizing how the black hole responds under the perturbation, allows us to read different dual pictures with respect to different kinds of perturbations. The remarkable effectiveness of this thermodynamics method suggest that the inner horizon could play a key role in the study of holographic description of the black hole.
1210.6127
Wei Chieh Liang
Wei Chieh Liang and Si Chen Lee
Vorticity, Gyroscopic precession, and Spin-Curvature Force
null
Phys. Rev. D 87, 044024 (2013)
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In investigating the relation between vorticity and gyroscopic precession, we calculate the vorticity vector in Godel, Kerr, Lewis, Schwarzschild, Minkowski metric and find out the vorticity vector of the specific observers is the angular velocity of gyroscopic precession. Furthermore, considering space-time torsion will flip the vorticity and spin-curvature force to opposite sign. This result is very similar to the behavior of positive and negative helicity of quantum spin in Stern-Gerlach force. It implies that the inclusion of torsion will lead to analogous property of quantum spin even in classical treatment.
[ { "created": "Tue, 23 Oct 2012 04:56:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 4 Feb 2013 08:12:40 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Feb 2013 07:39:58 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 11 Feb 2013 18:12:16 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2013-02-12
[ [ "Liang", "Wei Chieh", "" ], [ "Lee", "Si Chen", "" ] ]
In investigating the relation between vorticity and gyroscopic precession, we calculate the vorticity vector in Godel, Kerr, Lewis, Schwarzschild, Minkowski metric and find out the vorticity vector of the specific observers is the angular velocity of gyroscopic precession. Furthermore, considering space-time torsion will flip the vorticity and spin-curvature force to opposite sign. This result is very similar to the behavior of positive and negative helicity of quantum spin in Stern-Gerlach force. It implies that the inclusion of torsion will lead to analogous property of quantum spin even in classical treatment.
0906.3547
R Loll
T.G. Budd, R. Loll
In Search of Fundamental Discreteness in 2+1 Dimensional Quantum Gravity
29 pages, 18 figures
Class.Quant.Grav.26:185011,2009
10.1088/0264-9381/26/18/185011
ITP-UU-09/24
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Inspired by previous work in 2+1 dimensional quantum gravity, which found evidence for a discretization of time in the quantum theory, we reexamine the issue for the case of pure Lorentzian gravity with vanishing cosmological constant and spatially compact universes of genus larger than 1. Taking as our starting point the Chern-Simons formulation with Poincare gauge group, we identify a set of length variables corresponding to space- and timelike distances along geodesics in three-dimensional Minkowski space. These are Dirac observables, that is, functions on the reduced phase space, whose quantization is essentially unique. For both space- and timelike distance operators, the spectrum is continuous and not bounded away from zero.
[ { "created": "Thu, 18 Jun 2009 23:13:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-28
[ [ "Budd", "T. G.", "" ], [ "Loll", "R.", "" ] ]
Inspired by previous work in 2+1 dimensional quantum gravity, which found evidence for a discretization of time in the quantum theory, we reexamine the issue for the case of pure Lorentzian gravity with vanishing cosmological constant and spatially compact universes of genus larger than 1. Taking as our starting point the Chern-Simons formulation with Poincare gauge group, we identify a set of length variables corresponding to space- and timelike distances along geodesics in three-dimensional Minkowski space. These are Dirac observables, that is, functions on the reduced phase space, whose quantization is essentially unique. For both space- and timelike distance operators, the spectrum is continuous and not bounded away from zero.
1610.05260
Breno Giacchini
Antonio Accioly, Breno L. Giacchini, Ilya L. Shapiro
Low-energy effects in a higher-derivative gravity model with real and complex massive poles
43 pages. Matches the version published in PRD
Phys. Rev. D 96, 104004 (2017)
10.1103/PhysRevD.96.104004
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The most simple superrenormalizable model of quantum gravity is based on the general local covariant six-derivative action. In addition to graviton such a theory has massive scalar and tensor modes. It was shown recently that in the case when the massive poles emerge in complex conjugate pairs, the theory has also unitary $S$-matrix and hence can be seen as a candidate to be a consistent quantum gravity theory. In the present work we construct the modified Newton potential and explore the gravitational light bending in a general six-derivative theory, including the most interesting case of complex massive poles. In the case of the light deflection the results are obtained within classical and semiclassical approaches.
[ { "created": "Mon, 17 Oct 2016 18:48:09 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 11 Nov 2016 04:10:23 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Mon, 31 Jul 2017 04:29:40 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Nov 2017 17:41:26 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2017-11-10
[ [ "Accioly", "Antonio", "" ], [ "Giacchini", "Breno L.", "" ], [ "Shapiro", "Ilya L.", "" ] ]
The most simple superrenormalizable model of quantum gravity is based on the general local covariant six-derivative action. In addition to graviton such a theory has massive scalar and tensor modes. It was shown recently that in the case when the massive poles emerge in complex conjugate pairs, the theory has also unitary $S$-matrix and hence can be seen as a candidate to be a consistent quantum gravity theory. In the present work we construct the modified Newton potential and explore the gravitational light bending in a general six-derivative theory, including the most interesting case of complex massive poles. In the case of the light deflection the results are obtained within classical and semiclassical approaches.
gr-qc/0505106
Lorenzo Iorio
Lorenzo Iorio
The impact of the new Earth gravity model EIGEN-CG03C on the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect with some existing Earth satellites
LaTex2e, 7 pages, 16 references, 1 table. It is an update of the impact of the even zonal harmonics of the geopotential on the Lense-Thirring effect with the EIGEN-GGM03C Earth gravity model publicly released on May 11 2005. Typos corrected. Reference added. To appear in General Relativity and Gravitation, March 2006
Gen.Rel.Grav. 38 (2006) 523-527
10.1007/s10714-006-0239-8
null
gr-qc astro-ph physics.geo-ph
null
The impact of the latest combined CHAMP/GRACE/terrestrial measurements Earth gravity model EIGEN-CG03C on the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect with some linear combinations of the nodes of some of the existing Earth's artificial satellites is presented. The 1-sigma upper bound of the systematic error in the node-node LAGEOS-LAGEOS II combination is 3.9% (4% with EIGEN-GRACE02S, \sim 6% with EIGEN-CG01C and \sim 9% with GGM02S), while it is 1$% for the node-only LAGEOS-LAGEOS II-Ajisai-Jason-1 combination (2% with EIGEN-GRACE02S, 1.6% with EIGEN-CG01C and 2.7% with GGM02S).
[ { "created": "Fri, 20 May 2005 10:27:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 25 May 2005 14:11:04 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Sun, 2 Oct 2005 10:17:25 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Iorio", "Lorenzo", "" ] ]
The impact of the latest combined CHAMP/GRACE/terrestrial measurements Earth gravity model EIGEN-CG03C on the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect with some linear combinations of the nodes of some of the existing Earth's artificial satellites is presented. The 1-sigma upper bound of the systematic error in the node-node LAGEOS-LAGEOS II combination is 3.9% (4% with EIGEN-GRACE02S, \sim 6% with EIGEN-CG01C and \sim 9% with GGM02S), while it is 1$% for the node-only LAGEOS-LAGEOS II-Ajisai-Jason-1 combination (2% with EIGEN-GRACE02S, 1.6% with EIGEN-CG01C and 2.7% with GGM02S).
1005.1809
Julien Larena
Jean-Philippe Uzan, George F.R. Ellis and Julien Larena
A two-mass expanding exact space-time solution
15 pages, 5 figures. Replaced to match the published version
Gen.Rel.Grav.43:191-205,2011
10.1007/s10714-010-1081-6
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In order to understand how locally static configurations around gravitationally bound bodies can be embedded in an expanding universe, we investigate the solutions of general relativity describing a space-time whose spatial sections have the topology of a 3-sphere with two identical masses at the poles. We show that Israel junction conditions imply that two spherically symmetric static regions around the masses cannot be glued together. If one is interested in an exterior solution, this prevents the geometry around the masses to be of the Schwarzschild type and leads to the introduction of a cosmological constant. The study of the extension of the Kottler space-time shows that there exists a non-static solution consisting of two static regions surrounding the masses that match a Kantowski-Sachs expanding region on the cosmological horizon. The comparison with a Swiss-Cheese construction is also discussed.
[ { "created": "Tue, 11 May 2010 11:58:01 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 2 Feb 2011 09:38:13 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-03-17
[ [ "Uzan", "Jean-Philippe", "" ], [ "Ellis", "George F. R.", "" ], [ "Larena", "Julien", "" ] ]
In order to understand how locally static configurations around gravitationally bound bodies can be embedded in an expanding universe, we investigate the solutions of general relativity describing a space-time whose spatial sections have the topology of a 3-sphere with two identical masses at the poles. We show that Israel junction conditions imply that two spherically symmetric static regions around the masses cannot be glued together. If one is interested in an exterior solution, this prevents the geometry around the masses to be of the Schwarzschild type and leads to the introduction of a cosmological constant. The study of the extension of the Kottler space-time shows that there exists a non-static solution consisting of two static regions surrounding the masses that match a Kantowski-Sachs expanding region on the cosmological horizon. The comparison with a Swiss-Cheese construction is also discussed.
1805.01265
Norman G\"urlebeck
Norman G\"urlebeck, Lisa W\"orner, Thilo Schuldt, Klaus D\"oringshoff, Konstantin Gaul, Domenico Gerardi, Arne Grenzebach, Nandan Jha, Evgeny Kovalchuk, Andreas Resch, Thijs Wendrich, Robert Berger, Sven Herrmann, Ulrich Johann, Markus Krutzik, Achim Peters, Ernst M. Rasel and Claus Braxmaier
BOOST -- A Satellite Mission to Test Lorentz Invariance Using High-Performance Optical Frequency References
11 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.124051
null
gr-qc physics.ins-det physics.optics physics.space-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
BOOST (BOOst Symmetry Test) is a proposed satellite mission to search for violations of Lorentz invariance by comparing two optical frequency references. One is based on a long-term stable optical resonator and the other on a hyperfine transition in molecular iodine. This mission will allow to determine several parameters of the standard model extension in the electron sector up to two orders of magnitude better than with the current best experiments. Here, we will give an overview of the mission, the science case and the payload.
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 May 2018 12:49:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-08-01
[ [ "Gürlebeck", "Norman", "" ], [ "Wörner", "Lisa", "" ], [ "Schuldt", "Thilo", "" ], [ "Döringshoff", "Klaus", "" ], [ "Gaul", "Konstantin", "" ], [ "Gerardi", "Domenico", "" ], [ "Grenzebach", "Arne", "" ], [ "Jha", "Nandan", "" ], [ "Kovalchuk", "Evgeny", "" ], [ "Resch", "Andreas", "" ], [ "Wendrich", "Thijs", "" ], [ "Berger", "Robert", "" ], [ "Herrmann", "Sven", "" ], [ "Johann", "Ulrich", "" ], [ "Krutzik", "Markus", "" ], [ "Peters", "Achim", "" ], [ "Rasel", "Ernst M.", "" ], [ "Braxmaier", "Claus", "" ] ]
BOOST (BOOst Symmetry Test) is a proposed satellite mission to search for violations of Lorentz invariance by comparing two optical frequency references. One is based on a long-term stable optical resonator and the other on a hyperfine transition in molecular iodine. This mission will allow to determine several parameters of the standard model extension in the electron sector up to two orders of magnitude better than with the current best experiments. Here, we will give an overview of the mission, the science case and the payload.
1807.09818
Syed Moeez Hassan
Syed Moeez Hassan, Viqar Husain and Babar Qureshi
Gravity, time and varying constants
7 pages
null
null
MIT-CTP/5037
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
There are theories which implement the idea that the constants of nature may be "time dependent." These introduce new fields representing "evolving constants," in addition to physical fields. We argue that dynamical matter coupling constants can arise naturally in non-perturbative matter-gravity theories, after a choice of global time is made. We illustrate the idea in scalar field cosmology with spatial volume as a global clock, and compute the time dependence of the scalar mass and self-interaction coupling constants.
[ { "created": "Wed, 25 Jul 2018 18:42:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2018-07-27
[ [ "Hassan", "Syed Moeez", "" ], [ "Husain", "Viqar", "" ], [ "Qureshi", "Babar", "" ] ]
There are theories which implement the idea that the constants of nature may be "time dependent." These introduce new fields representing "evolving constants," in addition to physical fields. We argue that dynamical matter coupling constants can arise naturally in non-perturbative matter-gravity theories, after a choice of global time is made. We illustrate the idea in scalar field cosmology with spatial volume as a global clock, and compute the time dependence of the scalar mass and self-interaction coupling constants.
2408.04938
Robbert Scholtens
Robbert W. Scholtens, Marcello Seri, Holger Waalkens, Rien van de Weygaert
Cosmic Anisotropy and Bianchi Characterization: Killing vector fields and the implied finding of their metric frame
null
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO math-ph math.MP
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
On the largest scales the universe appears to be almost perfectly homogeneous and isotropic, adhering to the cosmological principle. On smaller scales inhomogeneities and anisotropies become increasingly prominent, reflecting the origin, emergence and formation of structure in the Universe and its cosmological impact. Also, a range of tensions between various cosmological observations may suggest it to be necessary to explore the consequences of such deviations from the ideal uniform universe. In this study, we restrict this to an investigation of anisotropies on the nature of the Universe. This motivates a more thorough understanding of the manifestation of anisotropy in cosmological applications. When letting go of the assumption of isotropy, spacetime metrics become homogeneous and completely anisotropic. As such, the Lie algebras of Killing vector fields will be 3D, and fit into the so-called 9-part Bianchi classification. This work strives to, given a suitable 3D Lie algebra of vector fields $\{\xi_a\}_{a=1,2,3}$ reconstruct the basis for a metric on which this Lie algebra is Killing. Through finding a determining equation for the frame invariant under $\{\xi_a\}$ and using the method of characteristics to solve it, expressions for said invariant frame in terms of the $\{\xi_a\}$ are obtained. This leads to general equations for the invariant frame in terms of the $\{\xi_a\}$, organized by Bianchi class. Some examples demonstrating this method are worked out.
[ { "created": "Fri, 9 Aug 2024 08:37:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-08-12
[ [ "Scholtens", "Robbert W.", "" ], [ "Seri", "Marcello", "" ], [ "Waalkens", "Holger", "" ], [ "van de Weygaert", "Rien", "" ] ]
On the largest scales the universe appears to be almost perfectly homogeneous and isotropic, adhering to the cosmological principle. On smaller scales inhomogeneities and anisotropies become increasingly prominent, reflecting the origin, emergence and formation of structure in the Universe and its cosmological impact. Also, a range of tensions between various cosmological observations may suggest it to be necessary to explore the consequences of such deviations from the ideal uniform universe. In this study, we restrict this to an investigation of anisotropies on the nature of the Universe. This motivates a more thorough understanding of the manifestation of anisotropy in cosmological applications. When letting go of the assumption of isotropy, spacetime metrics become homogeneous and completely anisotropic. As such, the Lie algebras of Killing vector fields will be 3D, and fit into the so-called 9-part Bianchi classification. This work strives to, given a suitable 3D Lie algebra of vector fields $\{\xi_a\}_{a=1,2,3}$ reconstruct the basis for a metric on which this Lie algebra is Killing. Through finding a determining equation for the frame invariant under $\{\xi_a\}$ and using the method of characteristics to solve it, expressions for said invariant frame in terms of the $\{\xi_a\}$ are obtained. This leads to general equations for the invariant frame in terms of the $\{\xi_a\}$, organized by Bianchi class. Some examples demonstrating this method are worked out.
1601.01384
Stephen Green
Pablo Bosch, Stephen R. Green, Luis Lehner
Nonlinear Evolution and Final Fate of Charged Anti-de Sitter Black Hole Superradiant Instability
8 pages, 4 figures; V2: minor updates, added a reference; V3: updates to match version accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 141102 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevLett.116.141102
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We describe the full nonlinear development of the superradiant instability for a charged massless scalar field, coupled to general relativity and electromagnetism, in the vicinity of a Reissner-Nordstrom-AdS black hole. The presence of the negative cosmological constant provides a natural context for considering perfectly reflecting boundary conditions and studying the dynamics as the scalar field interacts repeatedly with the black hole. At early times, small superradiant perturbations grow as expected from linearized studies. Backreaction then causes the black hole to lose charge and mass until the perturbation becomes nonsuperradiant, with the final state described by a stable hairy black hole. For large gauge coupling, the instability extracts a large amount of charge per unit mass, resulting in greater entropy increase. We discuss the implications of the observed behavior for the general problem of superradiance in black hole spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 7 Jan 2016 03:20:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Jan 2016 20:23:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 30 Mar 2016 20:09:48 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2016-04-13
[ [ "Bosch", "Pablo", "" ], [ "Green", "Stephen R.", "" ], [ "Lehner", "Luis", "" ] ]
We describe the full nonlinear development of the superradiant instability for a charged massless scalar field, coupled to general relativity and electromagnetism, in the vicinity of a Reissner-Nordstrom-AdS black hole. The presence of the negative cosmological constant provides a natural context for considering perfectly reflecting boundary conditions and studying the dynamics as the scalar field interacts repeatedly with the black hole. At early times, small superradiant perturbations grow as expected from linearized studies. Backreaction then causes the black hole to lose charge and mass until the perturbation becomes nonsuperradiant, with the final state described by a stable hairy black hole. For large gauge coupling, the instability extracts a large amount of charge per unit mass, resulting in greater entropy increase. We discuss the implications of the observed behavior for the general problem of superradiance in black hole spacetimes.
1511.06897
Brihaye Yves
Y. Brihaye, L. Ducobu
Black Holes with Scalar Hairs in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
16 pages, 9 figures
null
10.1142/S021827181650084X
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in five dimensions is extended by scalar fields and the corresponding equations are reduced to a system of non-linear differential equations. A large family of regular solutions of these equations is shown to exist. Generically, these solutions are spinning black holes with scalar hairs. They can be characterized (but not uniquely) by an horizon and an angular velocity on this horizon. Taking particular limits the black holes approach boson star or become extremal, in any case the limiting configurations remain hairy.
[ { "created": "Sat, 21 Nov 2015 16:43:49 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-06-15
[ [ "Brihaye", "Y.", "" ], [ "Ducobu", "L.", "" ] ]
The Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity in five dimensions is extended by scalar fields and the corresponding equations are reduced to a system of non-linear differential equations. A large family of regular solutions of these equations is shown to exist. Generically, these solutions are spinning black holes with scalar hairs. They can be characterized (but not uniquely) by an horizon and an angular velocity on this horizon. Taking particular limits the black holes approach boson star or become extremal, in any case the limiting configurations remain hairy.
0906.1928
Brihaye Yves
Yves Brihaye (Universite de Mons, Belgium)
Black holes, black strings and cosmological constant
31 pages including 24 figures; Extended version of a contribution to the 418th WE-Heraeus Seminar, Bremen, 25-29 August 2008
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a review of black holes and black string solutions available in the $d$-dimensional Einstein and Einstein-Maxwell model in the presence of a cosmological constant. Due to the cosmological constant, the equations do not admit explicit solutions for generic values of the parameters and numerical methods are necessary to construct the solutions. Several new features of the solutions are discussed, namely their stability and the occurrence of non-uniform black strings which depend non-trivially on the co-dimension. Black string solutions are further constructed for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet model. The influence of the Gauss-Bonnet term on the domain of existence of the black strings is discussed in details.
[ { "created": "Wed, 10 Jun 2009 13:05:42 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-06-11
[ [ "Brihaye", "Yves", "", "Universite de Mons, Belgium" ] ]
We present a review of black holes and black string solutions available in the $d$-dimensional Einstein and Einstein-Maxwell model in the presence of a cosmological constant. Due to the cosmological constant, the equations do not admit explicit solutions for generic values of the parameters and numerical methods are necessary to construct the solutions. Several new features of the solutions are discussed, namely their stability and the occurrence of non-uniform black strings which depend non-trivially on the co-dimension. Black string solutions are further constructed for the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet model. The influence of the Gauss-Bonnet term on the domain of existence of the black strings is discussed in details.
1612.07567
Juan Carlos Degollado
Claudia Moreno, Juan Carlos Degollado and Dario Nunez
Gravitational and electromagnetic signatures of accretion into a charged black hole
17 pages, 9 figures
null
10.1007/s10714-017-2244-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the derivation and the solutions to the coupled electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations with sources in a charged black hole background. We work in the so called ghost gauge and consider as source of the perturbations the infall of radial currents. In this way, we study a system in which it is provoked a response involving both, gravitational and electromagnetic waves, which allows us to analyze the dependence between them. We solve numerically the wave equations that describe both signals, characterize the waveforms and study the relation between the input parameters of the infalling matter with those of the gravitational and electromagnetic responses.
[ { "created": "Thu, 22 Dec 2016 12:20:05 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-06-21
[ [ "Moreno", "Claudia", "" ], [ "Degollado", "Juan Carlos", "" ], [ "Nunez", "Dario", "" ] ]
We present the derivation and the solutions to the coupled electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations with sources in a charged black hole background. We work in the so called ghost gauge and consider as source of the perturbations the infall of radial currents. In this way, we study a system in which it is provoked a response involving both, gravitational and electromagnetic waves, which allows us to analyze the dependence between them. We solve numerically the wave equations that describe both signals, characterize the waveforms and study the relation between the input parameters of the infalling matter with those of the gravitational and electromagnetic responses.
gr-qc/9604017
Int. Lab. HTSC and Sse
Sergiu I. Vacaru
Nearly Autoparallel Maps, Tensor Integral and Conservation Laws in Locally Anisotrpoic Spaces
38 pages, Revtex
Extension of a paper in "Romanian J. Phys" 39 (1994) 37-52
null
null
gr-qc dg-ga math.DG
null
We formulate the theory of nearly autoparallel maps (generalizing conformal transforms) of locally anisotropic spaces and define the nearly autoparallel integration as the inverse operation to both covariant derivation and deformation of connections by nearly autoparallel maps. By using this geometric formalism we consider a variant of solution of the problem of formulation of conservation laws for locally anisotropic gravity. We note that locally anisotropic spases contain as particular cases various extensions of Kaluza--Klein, generalized Lagrange and Finsler spaces.
[ { "created": "Mon, 8 Apr 1996 08:29:23 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Vacaru", "Sergiu I.", "" ] ]
We formulate the theory of nearly autoparallel maps (generalizing conformal transforms) of locally anisotropic spaces and define the nearly autoparallel integration as the inverse operation to both covariant derivation and deformation of connections by nearly autoparallel maps. By using this geometric formalism we consider a variant of solution of the problem of formulation of conservation laws for locally anisotropic gravity. We note that locally anisotropic spases contain as particular cases various extensions of Kaluza--Klein, generalized Lagrange and Finsler spaces.
2103.13599
Yunqi Liu
Cheng-Yong Zhang, Peng Liu, Yunqi Liu, Chao Niu, Bin Wang
Dynamical charged black hole spontaneous scalarization in Anti-de Sitter spacetimes
null
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.104.084089
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
We study the fully nonlinear dynamics of black hole spontaneous scalarizations in Einstein-Maxwell scalar theory with coupling function $f(\phi)=e^{-b\phi^{2}}$, which can transform usual Reissner-Nordstr\"om Anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black holes into hairy black holes. Fixing the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass of the system, the initial scalar perturbation will destroy the original RN-AdS black hole and turn it into a hairy black hole provided that the constant $-b$ in the coupling function and the charge of the original black hole are sufficiently large, while the cosmological constant is small enough. In the scalarization process, we observe that the black hole irreducible mass initially increases exponentially, then it approaches to and finally saturates at a finite value. Choosing stronger coupling and larger black hole charge, we find that the black hole mass exponentially grows earlier and it takes a longer time for a hairy black hole to be developed and stabilized. We further examine phase structure properties in the scalarization process and confirm the observations in the non-linear dynamical study.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Mar 2021 04:12:04 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2021-11-10
[ [ "Zhang", "Cheng-Yong", "" ], [ "Liu", "Peng", "" ], [ "Liu", "Yunqi", "" ], [ "Niu", "Chao", "" ], [ "Wang", "Bin", "" ] ]
We study the fully nonlinear dynamics of black hole spontaneous scalarizations in Einstein-Maxwell scalar theory with coupling function $f(\phi)=e^{-b\phi^{2}}$, which can transform usual Reissner-Nordstr\"om Anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black holes into hairy black holes. Fixing the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner mass of the system, the initial scalar perturbation will destroy the original RN-AdS black hole and turn it into a hairy black hole provided that the constant $-b$ in the coupling function and the charge of the original black hole are sufficiently large, while the cosmological constant is small enough. In the scalarization process, we observe that the black hole irreducible mass initially increases exponentially, then it approaches to and finally saturates at a finite value. Choosing stronger coupling and larger black hole charge, we find that the black hole mass exponentially grows earlier and it takes a longer time for a hairy black hole to be developed and stabilized. We further examine phase structure properties in the scalarization process and confirm the observations in the non-linear dynamical study.
1603.01286
Kenta Hotokezaka
Kenta Hotokezaka, Koutarou Kyutoku, Yu-ichiro Sekiguchi, Masaru Shibata
Measurability of the tidal deformability by gravitational waves from coalescing binary neutron stars
18 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
null
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.064082
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Combining new gravitational waveforms derived by long-term (14--16 orbits) numerical-relativity simulations with waveforms by an effective-one-body (EOB) formalism for coalescing binary neutron stars, we construct hybrid waveforms and estimate the measurability for the dimensionless tidal deformability of the neutron stars, $\Lambda$, by advanced gravitational-wave detectors. We focus on the equal-mass case with the total mass $2.7M_\odot$. We find that for an event at a hypothetical effective distance of $D_{\rm eff}=200$ Mpc, the distinguishable difference in the dimensionless tidal deformability will be $\approx 100$, 400, and 800 at 1-$\sigma$, 2-$\sigma$, and 3-$\sigma$ levels, respectively, for advanced LIGO. If the true equation of state is stiff and the typical neutron-star radius is $R \gtrsim 13 $ km, our analysis suggests that the radius will be constrained within $\approx 1$ km at 2-$\sigma$ level for an event at $D_{\rm eff}=200$ Mpc. On the other hand, if the true equation of state is soft and the typical neutron-star radius is $R\lesssim 12$ km , it will be difficult to narrow down the equation of state among many soft ones, although it is still possible to discriminate the true one from stiff equations of state with $R\gtrsim 13$ km. We also find that gravitational waves from binary neutron stars will be distinguished from those from spinless binary black holes at more than 2-$\sigma$ level for an event at $D_{\rm eff}=200$ Mpc. The validity of the EOB formalism, Taylor-T4, and Taylor-F2 approximants as the inspiral waveform model is also examined.
[ { "created": "Thu, 3 Mar 2016 21:26:03 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-04-20
[ [ "Hotokezaka", "Kenta", "" ], [ "Kyutoku", "Koutarou", "" ], [ "Sekiguchi", "Yu-ichiro", "" ], [ "Shibata", "Masaru", "" ] ]
Combining new gravitational waveforms derived by long-term (14--16 orbits) numerical-relativity simulations with waveforms by an effective-one-body (EOB) formalism for coalescing binary neutron stars, we construct hybrid waveforms and estimate the measurability for the dimensionless tidal deformability of the neutron stars, $\Lambda$, by advanced gravitational-wave detectors. We focus on the equal-mass case with the total mass $2.7M_\odot$. We find that for an event at a hypothetical effective distance of $D_{\rm eff}=200$ Mpc, the distinguishable difference in the dimensionless tidal deformability will be $\approx 100$, 400, and 800 at 1-$\sigma$, 2-$\sigma$, and 3-$\sigma$ levels, respectively, for advanced LIGO. If the true equation of state is stiff and the typical neutron-star radius is $R \gtrsim 13 $ km, our analysis suggests that the radius will be constrained within $\approx 1$ km at 2-$\sigma$ level for an event at $D_{\rm eff}=200$ Mpc. On the other hand, if the true equation of state is soft and the typical neutron-star radius is $R\lesssim 12$ km , it will be difficult to narrow down the equation of state among many soft ones, although it is still possible to discriminate the true one from stiff equations of state with $R\gtrsim 13$ km. We also find that gravitational waves from binary neutron stars will be distinguished from those from spinless binary black holes at more than 2-$\sigma$ level for an event at $D_{\rm eff}=200$ Mpc. The validity of the EOB formalism, Taylor-T4, and Taylor-F2 approximants as the inspiral waveform model is also examined.
2001.06261
Xiang-Hua Zhai
Hai-Feng Ding and Xiang-Hua Zhai
Entropies and The First Laws of Black Hole Thermodynamics in Einstein-aether-Maxwell Theory
23 pages, version appeared in Class. Quantum Grav
Class. Quantum Grav. 37 (2020) 185015
10.1088/1361-6382/aba31d
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Using the solution phase space method, we investigate the thermodynamics of black holes in Einstein-aether-Maxwell theory, for which the traditional Wald method (covariant phase space method) fails. We show the first laws of thermodynamics and definitive entropy expressions at both Killing and universal horizons for some examples of exact black hole solutions, including 3-dimensional static charged quasi-BTZ black hole, two 4-dimensional static charged black holes and 3-dimensional rotating solution. At Killing horizons the entropies are exactly one quarter of the horizon area, but at universal horizons of 3-dimensional black holes, the entropies have a corrected term in addition to the one proportional to the horizon area.
[ { "created": "Fri, 17 Jan 2020 12:30:40 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sat, 22 Aug 2020 13:57:57 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-08-25
[ [ "Ding", "Hai-Feng", "" ], [ "Zhai", "Xiang-Hua", "" ] ]
Using the solution phase space method, we investigate the thermodynamics of black holes in Einstein-aether-Maxwell theory, for which the traditional Wald method (covariant phase space method) fails. We show the first laws of thermodynamics and definitive entropy expressions at both Killing and universal horizons for some examples of exact black hole solutions, including 3-dimensional static charged quasi-BTZ black hole, two 4-dimensional static charged black holes and 3-dimensional rotating solution. At Killing horizons the entropies are exactly one quarter of the horizon area, but at universal horizons of 3-dimensional black holes, the entropies have a corrected term in addition to the one proportional to the horizon area.
gr-qc/9703018
Chris Chambers
Chris M. Chambers, William A. Hiscock and Brett Taylor (Montana State University)
Spinning Down a Black Hole With Scalar Fields
4 pages (including 3 postscript figures), Revtex, uses epsf.tex, twocolumn.sty and header.sty (included). Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Phys.Rev.Lett. 78 (1997) 3249-3251
10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3249
MSUPHY97.06
gr-qc
null
We study the evolution of a Kerr black hole emitting scalar radiation via the Hawking process. We show that the rate at which mass and angular momentum are lost by the black hole leads to a final evolutionary state with nonzero angular momentum, namely $a/M \approx 0.555$.
[ { "created": "Thu, 6 Mar 1997 22:49:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-10-30
[ [ "Chambers", "Chris M.", "", "Montana State\n University" ], [ "Hiscock", "William A.", "", "Montana State\n University" ], [ "Taylor", "Brett", "", "Montana State\n University" ] ]
We study the evolution of a Kerr black hole emitting scalar radiation via the Hawking process. We show that the rate at which mass and angular momentum are lost by the black hole leads to a final evolutionary state with nonzero angular momentum, namely $a/M \approx 0.555$.
1611.10313
Alan Kostelecky
Alan Kostelecky, Matthew Mewes
Testing local Lorentz invariance with short-range gravity
7 pages
Phys.Lett.B766: 137-143, 2017
10.1016/j.physletb.2016.12.062
IUHET 622, November 2016
gr-qc hep-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Newton limit of gravity is studied in the presence of Lorentz-violating gravitational operators of arbitrary mass dimension. The linearized modified Einstein equations are obtained and the perturbative solutions are constructed and characterized. We develop a formalism for data analysis in laboratory experiments testing gravity at short range and demonstrate that these tests provide unique sensitivity to deviations from local Lorentz invariance.
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Nov 2016 19:05:56 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-01-17
[ [ "Kostelecky", "Alan", "" ], [ "Mewes", "Matthew", "" ] ]
The Newton limit of gravity is studied in the presence of Lorentz-violating gravitational operators of arbitrary mass dimension. The linearized modified Einstein equations are obtained and the perturbative solutions are constructed and characterized. We develop a formalism for data analysis in laboratory experiments testing gravity at short range and demonstrate that these tests provide unique sensitivity to deviations from local Lorentz invariance.
gr-qc/0110061
V. Kurbanova
A. B. Balakin, V. Kurbanova (Kazan State University)
Relativistic Dynamics of Vector Bosons in the Field of Gravitational Radiation
10 pages, no figures, Tex
Found.Phys. 31 (2001) 1039-1049
null
null
gr-qc
null
We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons, which includes both the dynamical equations for the particle four-velocity and the equations for the polarization four-vector evolution in the field of a nonlinear plane gravitational wave. In addition to the gravitational minimal coupling, tidal forces linear in curvature tensor are suggested to drive the particle state evolution. The exact solutions of the evolutionary equations are obtained. Birefringence and tidal deviations from the geodesic motion are discussed.
[ { "created": "Fri, 12 Oct 2001 08:02:34 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Oct 2001 06:40:54 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Balakin", "A. B.", "", "Kazan State University" ], [ "Kurbanova", "V.", "", "Kazan State University" ] ]
We consider a model of the state evolution of relativistic vector bosons, which includes both the dynamical equations for the particle four-velocity and the equations for the polarization four-vector evolution in the field of a nonlinear plane gravitational wave. In addition to the gravitational minimal coupling, tidal forces linear in curvature tensor are suggested to drive the particle state evolution. The exact solutions of the evolutionary equations are obtained. Birefringence and tidal deviations from the geodesic motion are discussed.
gr-qc/9806061
Robert V. Gentry
Robert V. Gentry and David W. Gentry
The Genuine Cosmic Rosetta
9 pages LaTeX, no figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph
null
Reexamination of general relativistic experimental results shows the universe is governed by Einstein's static-spacetime general relativity instead of Friedmann-Lemaitre expanding-spacetime general relativity. The absence of expansion redshifts in a static-spacetime universe suggests a reevaluation of the present cosmology is needed.
[ { "created": "Sun, 14 Jun 1998 23:00:45 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Gentry", "Robert V.", "" ], [ "Gentry", "David W.", "" ] ]
Reexamination of general relativistic experimental results shows the universe is governed by Einstein's static-spacetime general relativity instead of Friedmann-Lemaitre expanding-spacetime general relativity. The absence of expansion redshifts in a static-spacetime universe suggests a reevaluation of the present cosmology is needed.
0911.0604
Eyo Ita III
Eyo Eyo Ita III
CDJ formulation from the instanton representation of Plebanski gravity
4 pages. Submitting for proceedings for the 10th International Conference on Gravitation, Astrophysics and Cosmology, Vietnam
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show that a certain action which gives rise to the pure spin connection formulation of gravity by CDJ can be consistently derived from the action for the instanton representation of Plebanski gravity. This is an illustrative example of when certain symmetries of the basic fields commute with the symmetries of the equations of motion.
[ { "created": "Tue, 3 Nov 2009 20:59:13 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 12 Nov 2009 18:15:02 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 7 May 2010 19:54:13 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 Dec 2010 23:36:14 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Mon, 27 Feb 2012 18:49:47 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2012-02-28
[ [ "Ita", "Eyo Eyo", "III" ] ]
We show that a certain action which gives rise to the pure spin connection formulation of gravity by CDJ can be consistently derived from the action for the instanton representation of Plebanski gravity. This is an illustrative example of when certain symmetries of the basic fields commute with the symmetries of the equations of motion.
1806.01941
Antonio Enea Romano
Antonio Enea Romano, Sergio A. Vallejo Pena
The MESS of cosmological perturbations
We study the MESS of cosmological perturbations, version accepted in Physics Letters B
null
10.1016/j.physletb.2018.08.016
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We introduce two new effective quantities for the study of comoving curvature perturbations $\zeta$: the space dependent effective sound speed (SESS) and the momentum dependent effective sound speed (MESS) . We use the SESS and the MESS to derive a new set of equations which can be applied to any system described by an effective stress-energy-momentum tensor (EST), including multi-fields systems, supergravity and modified gravity theories. We show that this approach is completely equivalent to the standard one and it has the advantage of requiring to solve only one differential equation for $\zeta$ instead of a system, without the need of explicitly computing the evolution of entropy perturbations. The equations are valid for perturbations respect to any arbitrary flat spatially homogeneous background, including any inflationary and bounce model. As an application we derive the equation for $\zeta$ for multi-fields $KGB$ models and show that observed features of the primordial curvature perturbation spectrum are compatible with the effects of an appropriate local variation of the MESS in momentum space. The MESS is the natural quantity to parametrize in a model independent way the effects produced on curvature perturbations by multi-fields systems, particle production and modified gravity theories and could be conveniently used in the analysis of LSS observations, such as the ones from the upcoming EUCLID mission or CMB radiation measurements.
[ { "created": "Tue, 5 Jun 2018 21:38:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 13 Aug 2018 18:11:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-08-28
[ [ "Romano", "Antonio Enea", "" ], [ "Pena", "Sergio A. Vallejo", "" ] ]
We introduce two new effective quantities for the study of comoving curvature perturbations $\zeta$: the space dependent effective sound speed (SESS) and the momentum dependent effective sound speed (MESS) . We use the SESS and the MESS to derive a new set of equations which can be applied to any system described by an effective stress-energy-momentum tensor (EST), including multi-fields systems, supergravity and modified gravity theories. We show that this approach is completely equivalent to the standard one and it has the advantage of requiring to solve only one differential equation for $\zeta$ instead of a system, without the need of explicitly computing the evolution of entropy perturbations. The equations are valid for perturbations respect to any arbitrary flat spatially homogeneous background, including any inflationary and bounce model. As an application we derive the equation for $\zeta$ for multi-fields $KGB$ models and show that observed features of the primordial curvature perturbation spectrum are compatible with the effects of an appropriate local variation of the MESS in momentum space. The MESS is the natural quantity to parametrize in a model independent way the effects produced on curvature perturbations by multi-fields systems, particle production and modified gravity theories and could be conveniently used in the analysis of LSS observations, such as the ones from the upcoming EUCLID mission or CMB radiation measurements.
1811.10917
Nezihe Uzun
Nezihe Uzun
Reduced phase space optics for general relativity: Symplectic ray bundle transfer
39 pages, 2 figures
Classical and Quantum Gravity, Volume 37, Number 4, Page 045002, (2020)
10.1088/1361-6382/ab60b5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In the paraxial regime of Newtonian optics, propagation of an ensemble of rays is represented by a symplectic ABCD transfer matrix defined on a reduced phase space. Here, we present its analogue for general relativity. Starting from simultaneously applied null geodesic actions for two curves, we obtain a geodesic deviation action up to quadratic order. We achieve this by following a preexisting method constructed via Synge's world function. We find the corresponding Hamiltonian function and the reduced phase space coordinates that are composed of the components of the Jacobi fields projected on an observational screen. Our thin ray bundle transfer matrix is then obtained through the matrix representation of the Lie operator associated with this quadratic Hamiltonian. Moreover, Etherington's distance reciprocity between any two points is shown to be equivalent to the symplecticity conditions of our ray bundle transfer matrix. We further interpret the bundle propagation as a free canonical transformation with a generating function that is equal to the geodesic deviation action. We present it in the form of matrix inner products. A phase space distribution function and the associated Liouville equation is also provided. Finally, we briefly sketch the potential applications of our construction. Those include reduced phase space and null bundle averaging; factorization of light propagation in any spacetime uniquely into its thin lens, pure magnifier and fractional Fourier transformer components; wavization of the ray bundle; reduced polarization optics and autonomization of the bundle propagation on the phase space to find its invariants and obtain the stability analysis.
[ { "created": "Tue, 27 Nov 2018 11:25:42 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Sun, 26 Jan 2020 17:35:27 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-01-28
[ [ "Uzun", "Nezihe", "" ] ]
In the paraxial regime of Newtonian optics, propagation of an ensemble of rays is represented by a symplectic ABCD transfer matrix defined on a reduced phase space. Here, we present its analogue for general relativity. Starting from simultaneously applied null geodesic actions for two curves, we obtain a geodesic deviation action up to quadratic order. We achieve this by following a preexisting method constructed via Synge's world function. We find the corresponding Hamiltonian function and the reduced phase space coordinates that are composed of the components of the Jacobi fields projected on an observational screen. Our thin ray bundle transfer matrix is then obtained through the matrix representation of the Lie operator associated with this quadratic Hamiltonian. Moreover, Etherington's distance reciprocity between any two points is shown to be equivalent to the symplecticity conditions of our ray bundle transfer matrix. We further interpret the bundle propagation as a free canonical transformation with a generating function that is equal to the geodesic deviation action. We present it in the form of matrix inner products. A phase space distribution function and the associated Liouville equation is also provided. Finally, we briefly sketch the potential applications of our construction. Those include reduced phase space and null bundle averaging; factorization of light propagation in any spacetime uniquely into its thin lens, pure magnifier and fractional Fourier transformer components; wavization of the ray bundle; reduced polarization optics and autonomization of the bundle propagation on the phase space to find its invariants and obtain the stability analysis.
1810.02159
Ra\'ul Carballo-Rubio
Stephon Alexander and Ra\'ul Carballo-Rubio
Topological Features of the Quantum Vacuum
7 double-column pages + references, no figures
Phys. Rev. D 101, 024058 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.024058
null
gr-qc hep-ex hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A central aspect of the cosmological constant problem is to understand why vacuum energy does not gravitate. In order to account for this observation, while allowing for nontrivial dynamics of the quantum vacuum, we motivate a novel background independent theory of gravity. The theory is an extension of unimodular gravity that is described in geometric terms by means of a conformal (light-cone) structure and differential forms of degree one and two. We show that the subset of the classical field equations describing the dynamics of matter degrees of freedom and the conformal structure of spacetime are equivalent to that of unimodular gravity. The sector with vanishing matter fields and flat conformal structure is governed by the field equations of BF theory and contains topological invariants that are influenced by quantum vacuum fluctuations. Perturbative deviations from this sector lead to classical solutions that necessarily display relatively small values of the cosmological constant with respect to the would-be contribution of quantum vacuum fluctuations. This feature that goes beyond general relativity (and unimodular gravity) offers an interpretation of the smallness of the currently observed cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Thu, 4 Oct 2018 11:56:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-02-05
[ [ "Alexander", "Stephon", "" ], [ "Carballo-Rubio", "Raúl", "" ] ]
A central aspect of the cosmological constant problem is to understand why vacuum energy does not gravitate. In order to account for this observation, while allowing for nontrivial dynamics of the quantum vacuum, we motivate a novel background independent theory of gravity. The theory is an extension of unimodular gravity that is described in geometric terms by means of a conformal (light-cone) structure and differential forms of degree one and two. We show that the subset of the classical field equations describing the dynamics of matter degrees of freedom and the conformal structure of spacetime are equivalent to that of unimodular gravity. The sector with vanishing matter fields and flat conformal structure is governed by the field equations of BF theory and contains topological invariants that are influenced by quantum vacuum fluctuations. Perturbative deviations from this sector lead to classical solutions that necessarily display relatively small values of the cosmological constant with respect to the would-be contribution of quantum vacuum fluctuations. This feature that goes beyond general relativity (and unimodular gravity) offers an interpretation of the smallness of the currently observed cosmological constant.
gr-qc/0011079
Vanessa Carvalho De Andrade
V. C. de Andrade, L. C. T. Guillen and J. G. Pereira
Teleparallel Gravity and the Gravitational Energy-Momentum Density
6 pages. Contribuition to IX Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Rome 2000
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
In the context of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, we show that the energy-momentum density for the gravitational field can be described by a true spacetime tensor. It is also invariant under local (gauge) translations of the tangent space coordinates, but transforms covariantly only under global Lorentz transformations. When the gauge gravitational field equation is written in a purely spacetime form, it becomes the teleparallel equivalent of Einstein's equation, and we recover M{\o}ller's expression for the canonical gravitational energy-momentum pseudotensor.
[ { "created": "Wed, 22 Nov 2000 13:51:50 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "de Andrade", "V. C.", "" ], [ "Guillen", "L. C. T.", "" ], [ "Pereira", "J. G.", "" ] ]
In the context of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, we show that the energy-momentum density for the gravitational field can be described by a true spacetime tensor. It is also invariant under local (gauge) translations of the tangent space coordinates, but transforms covariantly only under global Lorentz transformations. When the gauge gravitational field equation is written in a purely spacetime form, it becomes the teleparallel equivalent of Einstein's equation, and we recover M{\o}ller's expression for the canonical gravitational energy-momentum pseudotensor.
1206.3903
Carlo Rovelli
Marios Christodoulou, Aldo Riello, Carlo Rovelli
How to detect an anti-spacetime
Article awarded with an "Honorable Mention" from the 2012 Gravity Foundation Award. 6 pages, 8 (pretty) figures
null
10.1142/S021827181242014X
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Is it possible, in principle, to measure the sign of the Lapse? We show that fermion dynamics distinguishes spacetimes having the same metric but different tetrads, for instance a Lapse with opposite sign. This sign might be a physical quantity not captured by the metric. We discuss its possible role in quantum gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 18 Jun 2012 12:22:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-06-05
[ [ "Christodoulou", "Marios", "" ], [ "Riello", "Aldo", "" ], [ "Rovelli", "Carlo", "" ] ]
Is it possible, in principle, to measure the sign of the Lapse? We show that fermion dynamics distinguishes spacetimes having the same metric but different tetrads, for instance a Lapse with opposite sign. This sign might be a physical quantity not captured by the metric. We discuss its possible role in quantum gravity.
2004.07120
Mihai Marciu C
Mihai Marciu
Dynamical aspects for scalar fields coupled to cubic contractions of the Riemann tensor
null
Phys. Rev. D 102, 023517 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.102.023517
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The paper studies a new type of dark energy, a scalar field with positive or negative kinetic energy, generically coupled to a term which is composed by specific contractions of the Riemann tensor. After presenting the resulting field equations, we have analyzed the physical characteristics of the corresponding model by implementing the linear stability theory. In the case of an exponential coupling function and exponential potential energy we have deduced the phase space characteristics, analyzing the critical points obtained which can represent specific eras in the evolution of the Universe. The analytical study is showing that this model can represent a feasible cosmological setup, having various epochs which correspond to stiff-fluid, matter domination, and dark energy eras, pointing towards the emergence of the accelerated expansion as a geometrical effect.
[ { "created": "Wed, 15 Apr 2020 14:39:00 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-07-15
[ [ "Marciu", "Mihai", "" ] ]
The paper studies a new type of dark energy, a scalar field with positive or negative kinetic energy, generically coupled to a term which is composed by specific contractions of the Riemann tensor. After presenting the resulting field equations, we have analyzed the physical characteristics of the corresponding model by implementing the linear stability theory. In the case of an exponential coupling function and exponential potential energy we have deduced the phase space characteristics, analyzing the critical points obtained which can represent specific eras in the evolution of the Universe. The analytical study is showing that this model can represent a feasible cosmological setup, having various epochs which correspond to stiff-fluid, matter domination, and dark energy eras, pointing towards the emergence of the accelerated expansion as a geometrical effect.
1503.05151
Massimiliano Rinaldi
Guido Cognola, Massimiliano Rinaldi, Luciano Vanzo, and Sergio Zerbini
Thermodynamics of topological black holes in $R^{2}$ gravity
Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Phys. Rev. D 91, 104004 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.104004
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study topological black hole solutions of the simplest quadratic gravity action and we find that two classes are allowed. The first is asymptotically flat and mimics the Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution, while the second is asymptotically de Sitter or anti-de Sitter. In both classes, the geometry of the horizon can be spherical, toroidal or hyperbolic. We focus in particular on the thermodynamical properties of the asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions and we compute the entropy and the internal energy with Euclidean methods. We find that the entropy is positive-definite for all horizon geometries and this allows to formulate a consistent generalized first law of black hole thermodynamics, which keeps in account the presence of two arbitrary parameters in the solution. The two-dimensional thermodynamical state space is fully characterized by the underlying scale invariance of the action and it has the structure of a projective space. We find a kind of duality between black holes and other objects with the same entropy in the state space. We briefly discuss the extension of our results to more general quadratic actions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 17 Mar 2015 18:23:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 23 Mar 2015 14:50:00 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 21 Apr 2015 16:20:11 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-05-13
[ [ "Cognola", "Guido", "" ], [ "Rinaldi", "Massimiliano", "" ], [ "Vanzo", "Luciano", "" ], [ "Zerbini", "Sergio", "" ] ]
We study topological black hole solutions of the simplest quadratic gravity action and we find that two classes are allowed. The first is asymptotically flat and mimics the Reissner-Nordstr\"om solution, while the second is asymptotically de Sitter or anti-de Sitter. In both classes, the geometry of the horizon can be spherical, toroidal or hyperbolic. We focus in particular on the thermodynamical properties of the asymptotically anti-de Sitter solutions and we compute the entropy and the internal energy with Euclidean methods. We find that the entropy is positive-definite for all horizon geometries and this allows to formulate a consistent generalized first law of black hole thermodynamics, which keeps in account the presence of two arbitrary parameters in the solution. The two-dimensional thermodynamical state space is fully characterized by the underlying scale invariance of the action and it has the structure of a projective space. We find a kind of duality between black holes and other objects with the same entropy in the state space. We briefly discuss the extension of our results to more general quadratic actions.
gr-qc/9712094
Stanislav Alexeyev
S.O.Alexeyev and M.V.Sazhin (Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University)
Some Aspects of Four Dimensional Black Hole Solutions in Gauss-Bonnet Extended String Gravity
17 pages, 7 Postscript figures, uses mprocl.sty and epsf.sty. Talk given at the "Discussion Meeting on Physics of Black Holes", Bangalore, India, December 8-10, 1997
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
An internal singularity of a string four-dimensional black hole with second order curvature corrections is discussed. A restriction to a minimal size of a neutral black hole is obtained in the frame of the model considered. Vacuum polarization of the surrounding space-time caused by this minimal-size black hole is also discussed.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Dec 1997 19:53:47 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Alexeyev", "S. O.", "", "Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow\n State University" ], [ "Sazhin", "M. V.", "", "Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow\n State University" ] ]
An internal singularity of a string four-dimensional black hole with second order curvature corrections is discussed. A restriction to a minimal size of a neutral black hole is obtained in the frame of the model considered. Vacuum polarization of the surrounding space-time caused by this minimal-size black hole is also discussed.
2406.10692
Sudip Mishra
Soumya Chakraborty, Sudip Mishra and Subenoy Chakraborty
Dynamical system analysis of quintessence dark energy model
null
null
10.1142/S0219887824502505
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Our work deals with the dynamical system analysis of quintessence dark energy scalar field model with exponential potential. A dynamical system analysis has been applied at the background level. Using suitable transformation of variables, the evolution equations are reduced to an autonomous system for exponential form of the scalar potential. The critical points are analyzed with center manifold theory and stability has been discussed by using Schwarzian derivative. Finally, cosmological implications of the critical points are discussed and it is found that the stability of the late-time attractor changes for quintessence dark energy model.
[ { "created": "Sat, 15 Jun 2024 17:10:38 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-06-18
[ [ "Chakraborty", "Soumya", "" ], [ "Mishra", "Sudip", "" ], [ "Chakraborty", "Subenoy", "" ] ]
Our work deals with the dynamical system analysis of quintessence dark energy scalar field model with exponential potential. A dynamical system analysis has been applied at the background level. Using suitable transformation of variables, the evolution equations are reduced to an autonomous system for exponential form of the scalar potential. The critical points are analyzed with center manifold theory and stability has been discussed by using Schwarzian derivative. Finally, cosmological implications of the critical points are discussed and it is found that the stability of the late-time attractor changes for quintessence dark energy model.
1912.07609
Leo Stein
Leo C. Stein, Niels Warburton
The location of the last stable orbit in Kerr spacetime
11+4 pages, 6 figures, 1 ancillary Mathematica file. v2: Minor edits, matched version published in PRD. Code available at https://bhptoolkit.org/
Phys. Rev. D 101, 064007 (2020)
10.1103/PhysRevD.101.064007
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Black hole spacetimes, like the Kerr spacetime, admit both stable and plunging orbits, separated in parameter space by the separatrix. Determining the location of the separatrix is of fundamental interest in understanding black holes, and is of crucial importance for modeling extreme mass-ratio inspirals. Previous numerical approaches to locating the Kerr separatrix were not always efficient or stable across all of parameter space. In this paper we show that the Kerr separatrix is the zero set of a single polynomial in parameter space. This gives two main results. First, we thoroughly analyze special cases (extreme Kerr, polar orbits, etc.), finding strict bounds on the limits of roots, and unifying a number of results in the literature. Second, we pose a stable numerical method which is guaranteed to quickly and robustly converge to the separatrix. This new approach is implemented in the Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit, and results in a ~45x speedup over the prior robust approach.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Dec 2019 19:00:00 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 5 Mar 2020 23:13:43 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2020-03-09
[ [ "Stein", "Leo C.", "" ], [ "Warburton", "Niels", "" ] ]
Black hole spacetimes, like the Kerr spacetime, admit both stable and plunging orbits, separated in parameter space by the separatrix. Determining the location of the separatrix is of fundamental interest in understanding black holes, and is of crucial importance for modeling extreme mass-ratio inspirals. Previous numerical approaches to locating the Kerr separatrix were not always efficient or stable across all of parameter space. In this paper we show that the Kerr separatrix is the zero set of a single polynomial in parameter space. This gives two main results. First, we thoroughly analyze special cases (extreme Kerr, polar orbits, etc.), finding strict bounds on the limits of roots, and unifying a number of results in the literature. Second, we pose a stable numerical method which is guaranteed to quickly and robustly converge to the separatrix. This new approach is implemented in the Black Hole Perturbation Toolkit, and results in a ~45x speedup over the prior robust approach.
1807.01725
Lavinia Heisenberg
Lavinia Heisenberg
A systematic approach to generalisations of General Relativity and their cosmological implications
193 pages, Review under press at Physics Reports
null
10.1016/j.physrep.2018.11.006
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
A century ago, Einstein formulated his elegant and elaborate theory of General Relativity, which has so far withstood a multitude of empirical tests with remarkable success. Notwithstanding the triumphs of Einstein's theory, the tenacious challenges of modern cosmology and of particle physics have motivated the exploration of further generalised theories of spacetime. Even though Einstein's interpretation of gravity in terms of the curvature of spacetime is commonly adopted, the assignment of geometrical concepts to gravity is ambiguous because General Relativity allows three entirely different, but equivalent approaches of which Einstein's interpretation is only one. From a field-theoretical perspective, however, the construction of a consistent theory for a Lorentz-invariant massless spin-2 particle uniquely leads to General Relativity. Keeping Lorentz invariance then implies that any modification of General Relativity will inevitably introduce additional propagating degrees of freedom into the gravity sector. Adopting this perspective, we will review the recent progress in constructing consistent field theories of gravity based on additional scalar, vector and tensor fields. Within this conceptual framework, we will discuss theories with Galileons, with Lagrange densities as constructed by Horndeski and beyond, extended to DHOST interactions, or containing generalized Proca fields and extensions thereof, or several Proca fields, as well as bigravity theories and scalar-vector-tensor theories. We will review the motivation of their inception, different formulations, and essential results obtained within these classes of theories together with their empirical viability.
[ { "created": "Wed, 4 Jul 2018 18:03:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2019-05-01
[ [ "Heisenberg", "Lavinia", "" ] ]
A century ago, Einstein formulated his elegant and elaborate theory of General Relativity, which has so far withstood a multitude of empirical tests with remarkable success. Notwithstanding the triumphs of Einstein's theory, the tenacious challenges of modern cosmology and of particle physics have motivated the exploration of further generalised theories of spacetime. Even though Einstein's interpretation of gravity in terms of the curvature of spacetime is commonly adopted, the assignment of geometrical concepts to gravity is ambiguous because General Relativity allows three entirely different, but equivalent approaches of which Einstein's interpretation is only one. From a field-theoretical perspective, however, the construction of a consistent theory for a Lorentz-invariant massless spin-2 particle uniquely leads to General Relativity. Keeping Lorentz invariance then implies that any modification of General Relativity will inevitably introduce additional propagating degrees of freedom into the gravity sector. Adopting this perspective, we will review the recent progress in constructing consistent field theories of gravity based on additional scalar, vector and tensor fields. Within this conceptual framework, we will discuss theories with Galileons, with Lagrange densities as constructed by Horndeski and beyond, extended to DHOST interactions, or containing generalized Proca fields and extensions thereof, or several Proca fields, as well as bigravity theories and scalar-vector-tensor theories. We will review the motivation of their inception, different formulations, and essential results obtained within these classes of theories together with their empirical viability.
0905.2421
Mariam Bouhmadi-Lopez
Mariam Bouhmadi-Lopez, Claus Kiefer, Barbara Sandhoefer, Paulo Vargas Moniz
On the quantum fate of singularities in a dark-energy dominated universe
20 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX 4. References added. Version to appear in PRD
Phys.Rev.D79:124035,2009
10.1103/PhysRevD.79.124035
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Classical models for dark energy can exhibit a variety of singularities, many of which occur for scale factors much bigger than the Planck length. We address here the issue whether some of these singularities, the big freeze and the big demarrage, can be avoided in quantum cosmology. We use the framework of quantum geometrodynamics. We restrict our attention to a class of models whose matter content can be described by a generalized Chaplygin gas and be represented by a scalar field with an appropriate potential. Employing the DeWitt criterium that the wave function be zero at the classical singularity, we show that a class of solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation fulfilling this condition can be found. These solutions thus avoid the classical singularity. We discuss the reasons for the remaining ambiguity in fixing the solution.
[ { "created": "Thu, 14 May 2009 20:35:43 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 15 Jun 2009 20:10:21 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-07-09
[ [ "Bouhmadi-Lopez", "Mariam", "" ], [ "Kiefer", "Claus", "" ], [ "Sandhoefer", "Barbara", "" ], [ "Moniz", "Paulo Vargas", "" ] ]
Classical models for dark energy can exhibit a variety of singularities, many of which occur for scale factors much bigger than the Planck length. We address here the issue whether some of these singularities, the big freeze and the big demarrage, can be avoided in quantum cosmology. We use the framework of quantum geometrodynamics. We restrict our attention to a class of models whose matter content can be described by a generalized Chaplygin gas and be represented by a scalar field with an appropriate potential. Employing the DeWitt criterium that the wave function be zero at the classical singularity, we show that a class of solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation fulfilling this condition can be found. These solutions thus avoid the classical singularity. We discuss the reasons for the remaining ambiguity in fixing the solution.
1708.08868
Marina Martinez
Roberto Emparan, Marina Martinez, Miguel Zilhao
Black hole fusion in the extreme mass ratio limit
36 pages, 18 figures
Phys. Rev. D 97, 044004 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.97.044004
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present a simple, general, and accurate construction of the event horizons for the fusion of two neutral, rotating black holes with arbitrary orientation and values of their spins, in the extreme mass ratio limit where one black hole is much larger than the other. We compute several parameters that characterize the fusion and investigate their dependence on the black hole spin and orientation axis. We also exhibit and study the appearance of transient toroidal topology of the horizon. An earlier conjecture about universal critical exponents before and after an axisymmetric pinch is proven.
[ { "created": "Tue, 29 Aug 2017 16:38:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 6 Feb 2018 17:12:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2018-02-07
[ [ "Emparan", "Roberto", "" ], [ "Martinez", "Marina", "" ], [ "Zilhao", "Miguel", "" ] ]
We present a simple, general, and accurate construction of the event horizons for the fusion of two neutral, rotating black holes with arbitrary orientation and values of their spins, in the extreme mass ratio limit where one black hole is much larger than the other. We compute several parameters that characterize the fusion and investigate their dependence on the black hole spin and orientation axis. We also exhibit and study the appearance of transient toroidal topology of the horizon. An earlier conjecture about universal critical exponents before and after an axisymmetric pinch is proven.
0806.2507
Supratik Pal Dr
Sudipta Mukherji, Supratik Pal
Bouncing Braneworld with Born-Infeld and Gauss-Bonnet
13 pages, 4 figures. Minor revisions. To appear in Mod.Phys.Lett.A
Mod.Phys.Lett.A25:35-45,2010
10.1142/S0217732310031397
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We show the existence of some bouncing cosmological solutions in the braneworld scenario. More specifically, we consider a dynamical three-brane in the background of Born-Infeld and electrically charged Gauss-Bonnet black hole. We find that, in certain range of parameter space, the brane universe, at least classically, never shrinks to a zero size, resulting in a singularity-free cosmology within the classical domain.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 Jun 2008 06:52:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 24 Jun 2009 06:19:46 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2010-02-02
[ [ "Mukherji", "Sudipta", "" ], [ "Pal", "Supratik", "" ] ]
We show the existence of some bouncing cosmological solutions in the braneworld scenario. More specifically, we consider a dynamical three-brane in the background of Born-Infeld and electrically charged Gauss-Bonnet black hole. We find that, in certain range of parameter space, the brane universe, at least classically, never shrinks to a zero size, resulting in a singularity-free cosmology within the classical domain.
gr-qc/9802059
Pablo Laguna
Nils Andersson, Pablo Laguna and Philippos Papadopoulos
Dynamics of scalar fields in the background of rotating black holes II: A note on superradiance
5 pages, 3 Postscript figures, Submitted Phys. Rev. D
Phys.Rev.D58:087503,1998
10.1103/PhysRevD.58.087503
CGPG 98/2-3
gr-qc
null
We analyze the amplification due to so-called superradiance from the scattering of pulses off rotating black holes as a numerical time evolution problem. We consider the "worst possible case" of scalar field pulses for which superradiance effects yield amplifications $< 1%$. We show that this small effect can be isolated by numerically evolving quasi-monochromatic, modulated pulses with a recently developed Teukolsky code. The results show that it is possible to study superradiance in the time domain, but only if the initial data is carefully tuned. This illustrates the intrinsic difficulties of detecting superradiance in more general evolution scenarios.
[ { "created": "Mon, 23 Feb 1998 17:31:15 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2010-11-19
[ [ "Andersson", "Nils", "" ], [ "Laguna", "Pablo", "" ], [ "Papadopoulos", "Philippos", "" ] ]
We analyze the amplification due to so-called superradiance from the scattering of pulses off rotating black holes as a numerical time evolution problem. We consider the "worst possible case" of scalar field pulses for which superradiance effects yield amplifications $< 1%$. We show that this small effect can be isolated by numerically evolving quasi-monochromatic, modulated pulses with a recently developed Teukolsky code. The results show that it is possible to study superradiance in the time domain, but only if the initial data is carefully tuned. This illustrates the intrinsic difficulties of detecting superradiance in more general evolution scenarios.
1602.06400
Christian Klein
S. Bai, G. Izquierdo, and C. Klein
Numerical study of the Kerr solution in rotating coordinates
null
Phys. Rev. D 93, 124001 (2016)
10.1103/PhysRevD.93.124001
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Kerr solution in coordinates corotating with the horizon is studied as a testbed for a spacetime with a helical Killing vector in the Ernst picture. The solution is numerically constructed by solving the Ernst equation with a spectral method and a Newton iteration. We discuss convergence of the iteration for several initial iterates and different values of the Kerr parameters.
[ { "created": "Sat, 20 Feb 2016 12:42:16 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-06-08
[ [ "Bai", "S.", "" ], [ "Izquierdo", "G.", "" ], [ "Klein", "C.", "" ] ]
The Kerr solution in coordinates corotating with the horizon is studied as a testbed for a spacetime with a helical Killing vector in the Ernst picture. The solution is numerically constructed by solving the Ernst equation with a spectral method and a Newton iteration. We discuss convergence of the iteration for several initial iterates and different values of the Kerr parameters.
2402.08240
Tao Zhu
Bo-Yang Zhang, Tao Zhu, Jing-Fei Zhang, and Xin Zhang
Forecasts for Constraining Lorentz-violating Damping of Gravitational Waves from Compact Binary Inspirals
14 pages; v2: to appear in PRD
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Violation of Lorentz symmetry can result in two distinct effects in the propagation of the gravitational waves (GWs). One is a modified dispersion relation and another is a frequency-dependent damping of GWs. While the former has been extensively studied in the literature, in this paper we concentrate on the frequency-dependent damping effect that arises from several specific Lorentz-violating theories, such as spatial covariant gravities, Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravities, etc. This Lorentz-violating damping effect changes the damping rate of GWs at different frequencies and leads to an amplitude correction to the GW waveform of compact binary inspiral systems. With this modified waveform, we then use the Fisher information matrix to investigate the prospects of constraining the Lorentz-violating damping effect with GW observations. We consider both ground-based and space-based GW detectors, including the advanced LIGO, Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer (CE), Taiji, TianQin, and LISA. Our results indicate that the ground-based detectors in general give tighter constraints than those from the space-based detectors. Among the considered three ground-based detectors, CE can give the tightest constraints on the Lorentz-violating damping effect, which improves the current constraint from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA events by about 8 times.
[ { "created": "Tue, 13 Feb 2024 06:09:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 Apr 2024 06:35:10 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2024-04-11
[ [ "Zhang", "Bo-Yang", "" ], [ "Zhu", "Tao", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Jing-Fei", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xin", "" ] ]
Violation of Lorentz symmetry can result in two distinct effects in the propagation of the gravitational waves (GWs). One is a modified dispersion relation and another is a frequency-dependent damping of GWs. While the former has been extensively studied in the literature, in this paper we concentrate on the frequency-dependent damping effect that arises from several specific Lorentz-violating theories, such as spatial covariant gravities, Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravities, etc. This Lorentz-violating damping effect changes the damping rate of GWs at different frequencies and leads to an amplitude correction to the GW waveform of compact binary inspiral systems. With this modified waveform, we then use the Fisher information matrix to investigate the prospects of constraining the Lorentz-violating damping effect with GW observations. We consider both ground-based and space-based GW detectors, including the advanced LIGO, Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer (CE), Taiji, TianQin, and LISA. Our results indicate that the ground-based detectors in general give tighter constraints than those from the space-based detectors. Among the considered three ground-based detectors, CE can give the tightest constraints on the Lorentz-violating damping effect, which improves the current constraint from LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA events by about 8 times.
2404.09795
Predrag Jovanovic
Predrag Jovanovi\'c, Vesna Borka Jovanovi\'c, Du\v{s}ko Borka, Alexander F. Zakharov
Constraints on graviton mass from Schwarzschild precession in the orbits of S-stars around the Galactic Center
16 pages, 4 tables, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Symmetry
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.GA
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we use a modification of the Newtonian gravitational potential with a non-linear Yukawa-like correction, as it was proposed by C. Will earlier to obtain new bounds on graviton mass from the observed orbits of S-stars around the Galactic Center (GC). This phenomenological potential differs from the gravitational potential obtained in the weak field limit of Yukawa gravity, which we used in our previous studies. We also assumed that the orbital precession of S-stars is close to the prediction of General Relativity (GR) for Schwarzschild precession, but with a possible small discrepancy from it. This assumption is motivated by the fact that the GRAVITY Collaboration in 2020 and in 2022 detected Schwarzschild precession in the S2 star orbit around the Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) at the GC. Using this approach, we were able to constrain parameter $\lambda$ of the potential and, assuming that it represents the graviton Compton wavelength, we also found the corresponding upper bound of graviton mass. The obtained results were then compared with our previous estimates, as well as with the estimates of other authors.
[ { "created": "Mon, 15 Apr 2024 13:52:20 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-04-16
[ [ "Jovanović", "Predrag", "" ], [ "Jovanović", "Vesna Borka", "" ], [ "Borka", "Duško", "" ], [ "Zakharov", "Alexander F.", "" ] ]
In this paper we use a modification of the Newtonian gravitational potential with a non-linear Yukawa-like correction, as it was proposed by C. Will earlier to obtain new bounds on graviton mass from the observed orbits of S-stars around the Galactic Center (GC). This phenomenological potential differs from the gravitational potential obtained in the weak field limit of Yukawa gravity, which we used in our previous studies. We also assumed that the orbital precession of S-stars is close to the prediction of General Relativity (GR) for Schwarzschild precession, but with a possible small discrepancy from it. This assumption is motivated by the fact that the GRAVITY Collaboration in 2020 and in 2022 detected Schwarzschild precession in the S2 star orbit around the Supermassive Black Hole (SMBH) at the GC. Using this approach, we were able to constrain parameter $\lambda$ of the potential and, assuming that it represents the graviton Compton wavelength, we also found the corresponding upper bound of graviton mass. The obtained results were then compared with our previous estimates, as well as with the estimates of other authors.
1905.10380
Andrew R. Liddle
Stephon Alexander, Marina Cort\^es, Andrew R. Liddle, Jo\~ao Magueijo, Robert Sims, and Lee Smolin
A Zero-Parameter Extension of General Relativity with Varying Cosmological Constant
Companion paper to arXiv:1905.10382. Minor updates to match published version
Phys. Rev. D 100, 083506 (2019)
10.1103/PhysRevD.100.083506
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We provide a new extension of general relativity (GR) which has the remarkable property of being more constrained than GR plus a cosmological constant, having one less free parameter. This is implemented by allowing the cosmological constant to have a consistent space-time variation, through coding its dynamics in the torsion tensor. We demonstrate this mechanism by adding a `quasi-topological' term to the Einstein action, which naturally realizes a dynamical torsion with an automatic satisfaction of the Bianchi identities. Moreover, variation of the action with respect to this dynamical $\Lambda$ fixes it in terms of other variables, thus providing a scenario with less freedom than general relativity with a cosmological constant. Once matter is introduced, at least in the homogeneous and isotropic reduction, $\Lambda$ is uniquely determined by the field content of the model. We make an explicit construction using the Palatini formulation of GR and describe the striking properties of this new theory. We also highlight some possible extensions to the theory. A companion paper [1] explores the Friedmann--Robertson--Walker reduction for cosmology, and future work will study Solar System tests of the theory.
[ { "created": "Fri, 24 May 2019 18:00:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 31 Jul 2019 14:24:36 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 4 Oct 2019 16:17:32 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2019-10-09
[ [ "Alexander", "Stephon", "" ], [ "Cortês", "Marina", "" ], [ "Liddle", "Andrew R.", "" ], [ "Magueijo", "João", "" ], [ "Sims", "Robert", "" ], [ "Smolin", "Lee", "" ] ]
We provide a new extension of general relativity (GR) which has the remarkable property of being more constrained than GR plus a cosmological constant, having one less free parameter. This is implemented by allowing the cosmological constant to have a consistent space-time variation, through coding its dynamics in the torsion tensor. We demonstrate this mechanism by adding a `quasi-topological' term to the Einstein action, which naturally realizes a dynamical torsion with an automatic satisfaction of the Bianchi identities. Moreover, variation of the action with respect to this dynamical $\Lambda$ fixes it in terms of other variables, thus providing a scenario with less freedom than general relativity with a cosmological constant. Once matter is introduced, at least in the homogeneous and isotropic reduction, $\Lambda$ is uniquely determined by the field content of the model. We make an explicit construction using the Palatini formulation of GR and describe the striking properties of this new theory. We also highlight some possible extensions to the theory. A companion paper [1] explores the Friedmann--Robertson--Walker reduction for cosmology, and future work will study Solar System tests of the theory.
2102.08948
Sarbari Guha Dr.
Sarbari Guha and Uttaran Ghosh
Dynamical conditions and causal transport of dissipative spherical collapse in $f(R,T)$ gravity
22 pages, accepted for publication in EPJP
European Physical Journal Plus, 2021
10.1140/epjp/s13360-021-01446-4
null
gr-qc
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
In this paper, we have investigated the non-adiabatic spherical gravitational collapse in the framework of the $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity with a locally anisotropic fluid that undergoes dissipation in the form of heat flux, free-streaming radiation, and shearing viscosity. The dynamical equations are analyzed in detail, both in the Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes. Finally we couple the dynamical equations to the full causal transport equation in the context of Israel-Stewart theory of dissipative systems. This yields us a better understanding of the collapse dynamics and may be connected to various astrophysical consequences.
[ { "created": "Tue, 16 Feb 2021 19:45:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 14 Apr 2021 18:49:51 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-06-08
[ [ "Guha", "Sarbari", "" ], [ "Ghosh", "Uttaran", "" ] ]
In this paper, we have investigated the non-adiabatic spherical gravitational collapse in the framework of the $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity with a locally anisotropic fluid that undergoes dissipation in the form of heat flux, free-streaming radiation, and shearing viscosity. The dynamical equations are analyzed in detail, both in the Newtonian and post-Newtonian regimes. Finally we couple the dynamical equations to the full causal transport equation in the context of Israel-Stewart theory of dissipative systems. This yields us a better understanding of the collapse dynamics and may be connected to various astrophysical consequences.
2207.11856
Marcell Howard
Stephon Alexander, Tatsuya Daniel, Marcell Howard, Morgane Konig
An Exact Fermionic Chern-Simons-Kodama State in Quantum Gravity
null
Phys. Rev. D 106, 10612 (2022)
10.1103/PhysRevD.106.106012
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Chern-Simons-Kodama (CSK) state is an exact, non-perturbative wave function in the Ashtekar formulation of classical General Relativity. In this work, we find a generalized fermionic CSK state by solving the extended gravitational and fermionic Hamiltonian constraints of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation exactly. We show that this new state reduces to the original Kodama state upon symmetry reduction to FRW coordinates with perturbative fermionic corrections, making contact with the Hartle-Hawking and Vilenkin wave functions of the universe in cosmology. We also find that when both torsion and fermions are non-vanishing, the wave function possesses a finite amplitude to evade the Big Bang curvature singularity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Jul 2022 00:36:35 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Aug 2022 17:24:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2022-11-21
[ [ "Alexander", "Stephon", "" ], [ "Daniel", "Tatsuya", "" ], [ "Howard", "Marcell", "" ], [ "Konig", "Morgane", "" ] ]
The Chern-Simons-Kodama (CSK) state is an exact, non-perturbative wave function in the Ashtekar formulation of classical General Relativity. In this work, we find a generalized fermionic CSK state by solving the extended gravitational and fermionic Hamiltonian constraints of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation exactly. We show that this new state reduces to the original Kodama state upon symmetry reduction to FRW coordinates with perturbative fermionic corrections, making contact with the Hartle-Hawking and Vilenkin wave functions of the universe in cosmology. We also find that when both torsion and fermions are non-vanishing, the wave function possesses a finite amplitude to evade the Big Bang curvature singularity.
1503.08891
Morgan Lynch
Morgan H. Lynch
Accelerated Quantum Dynamics
24 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Phys. Rev. D 92, 024019 (2015)
null
null
gr-qc hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper we establish a formalism for the computation of observables due to acceleration-induced particle physics processes. General expressions for the transition rate, multiplicity, power, spectra, and displacement law of particles undergoing time-dependent acceleration and transitioning into a final state of arbitrary particle number are obtained. The transition rate, power, and spectra are characterized by unique polynomials of multiplicity and thermal distributions of both bosonic and fermionic statistics. The acceleration-dependent multiplicities are computed in terms of the branching fractions of the associated inertial processes. The displacement law of the spectra predicts that the energy of the emitted particles is directly proportional to the accelerated temperature.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 Mar 2015 02:42:27 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 10 Jun 2015 14:39:07 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 14 Jul 2015 21:21:51 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-07-16
[ [ "Lynch", "Morgan H.", "" ] ]
In this paper we establish a formalism for the computation of observables due to acceleration-induced particle physics processes. General expressions for the transition rate, multiplicity, power, spectra, and displacement law of particles undergoing time-dependent acceleration and transitioning into a final state of arbitrary particle number are obtained. The transition rate, power, and spectra are characterized by unique polynomials of multiplicity and thermal distributions of both bosonic and fermionic statistics. The acceleration-dependent multiplicities are computed in terms of the branching fractions of the associated inertial processes. The displacement law of the spectra predicts that the energy of the emitted particles is directly proportional to the accelerated temperature.
1105.6249
Rainer Verch
Rainer Verch
Local covariance, renormalization ambiguity, and local thermal equilibrium in cosmology
28 p, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the conference "Quantum Field Theory and Gravity" (Regensburg, Germany, Sep 28 - Oct 1, 2010), F. Finster et al. (eds.) (Birkhaeuser, Basel, 2011). v2: References updated and layout snags removed
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This article reviews some aspects of local covariance and of the ambiguities and anomalies involved in the definition of the stress energy tensor of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Then, a summary is given of the approach proposed by Buchholz et al. to define local thermal equilibrium states in quantum field theory, i.e., non-equilibrium states to which, locally, one can assign thermal parameters, such as temperature or thermal stress-energy. The extension of that concept to curved spacetime is discussed and some related results are presented. Finally, the recent approach to cosmology by Dappiaggi, Fredenhagen and Pinamonti, based on a distinguished fixing of the stress-energy renormalization ambiguity in the setting of the semiclassical Einstein equations, is briefly described. The concept of local thermal equilibrium states is then applied, to yield the result that the temperature behaviour of a quantized, massless, conformally coupled linear scalar field at early cosmological times is more singular than that of classical radiation.
[ { "created": "Tue, 31 May 2011 12:02:17 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Jun 2011 17:17:00 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2011-06-07
[ [ "Verch", "Rainer", "" ] ]
This article reviews some aspects of local covariance and of the ambiguities and anomalies involved in the definition of the stress energy tensor of quantum field theory in curved spacetime. Then, a summary is given of the approach proposed by Buchholz et al. to define local thermal equilibrium states in quantum field theory, i.e., non-equilibrium states to which, locally, one can assign thermal parameters, such as temperature or thermal stress-energy. The extension of that concept to curved spacetime is discussed and some related results are presented. Finally, the recent approach to cosmology by Dappiaggi, Fredenhagen and Pinamonti, based on a distinguished fixing of the stress-energy renormalization ambiguity in the setting of the semiclassical Einstein equations, is briefly described. The concept of local thermal equilibrium states is then applied, to yield the result that the temperature behaviour of a quantized, massless, conformally coupled linear scalar field at early cosmological times is more singular than that of classical radiation.
1703.04748
Marc Geiller
Marc Geiller
Edge modes and corner ambiguities in 3d Chern-Simons theory and gravity
Published version
Nucl. Phys. B924C (2017) 312-365
10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2017.09.010
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Boundaries in gauge field theories are known to be the locus of a wealth of interesting phenomena, as illustrated for example by the holographic principle or by the AdS/CFT and bulk-boundary correspondences. In particular, it has been acknowledged for quite some time that boundaries can break gauge invariance, and thereby turn gauge degrees of freedom into physical ones. There is however no known systematic way of identifying these degrees of freedom and possible associated boundary observables. Following recent work by Donnelly and Freidel, we show that this can be achieved by extending the covariant Hamiltonian formalism so as to make it gauge-invariant under arbitrary large gauge transformations. This can be done at the expense of extending the phase space by introducing new boundary fields, which in turn determine new boundary symmetries and observables. We present the general framework behind this construction, and find the conditions under which it can be applied to an arbitrary Lagrangian. By studying the examples of Abelian Chern-Simons theory and first order three-dimensional gravity, we then show that the new boundary observables satisfy the known corresponding Kac-Moody affine algebras. This shows that this new extended phase space formulation does indeed properly describe the dynamical boundary degrees of freedom, and gives credit to the results which have been previously derived in the case of diffeomorphism symmetry. We expect that this systematic understanding of the boundary symmetries will play a major role for the quantization of gravity in finite regions.
[ { "created": "Tue, 14 Mar 2017 22:09:48 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 17 Apr 2017 21:04:27 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 2 May 2017 20:57:43 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Sun, 28 May 2017 17:25:56 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 26 Sep 2017 00:49:13 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2017-09-28
[ [ "Geiller", "Marc", "" ] ]
Boundaries in gauge field theories are known to be the locus of a wealth of interesting phenomena, as illustrated for example by the holographic principle or by the AdS/CFT and bulk-boundary correspondences. In particular, it has been acknowledged for quite some time that boundaries can break gauge invariance, and thereby turn gauge degrees of freedom into physical ones. There is however no known systematic way of identifying these degrees of freedom and possible associated boundary observables. Following recent work by Donnelly and Freidel, we show that this can be achieved by extending the covariant Hamiltonian formalism so as to make it gauge-invariant under arbitrary large gauge transformations. This can be done at the expense of extending the phase space by introducing new boundary fields, which in turn determine new boundary symmetries and observables. We present the general framework behind this construction, and find the conditions under which it can be applied to an arbitrary Lagrangian. By studying the examples of Abelian Chern-Simons theory and first order three-dimensional gravity, we then show that the new boundary observables satisfy the known corresponding Kac-Moody affine algebras. This shows that this new extended phase space formulation does indeed properly describe the dynamical boundary degrees of freedom, and gives credit to the results which have been previously derived in the case of diffeomorphism symmetry. We expect that this systematic understanding of the boundary symmetries will play a major role for the quantization of gravity in finite regions.
1311.2489
Henriette Elvang
Henriette Elvang and Gary T. Horowitz
Quantum gravity via supersymmetry and holography
58 pages, 8 figures. v2: Minor revisions and clarifications. References added. v3. References added
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We review the approach to quantum gravity based on supersymmetry, strings, and holography. This includes a survey of black holes in higher-dimensions, supersymmetry and supergravity, as well as string theory, black hole microstates, and the gauge/gravity duality. This presentation will appear as a chapter in "General Relativity and Gravitation: A Centennial Perspective", to be published by Cambridge University Press.
[ { "created": "Mon, 11 Nov 2013 16:40:03 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 25 Mar 2014 17:11:45 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 28 May 2014 15:30:15 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-05-29
[ [ "Elvang", "Henriette", "" ], [ "Horowitz", "Gary T.", "" ] ]
We review the approach to quantum gravity based on supersymmetry, strings, and holography. This includes a survey of black holes in higher-dimensions, supersymmetry and supergravity, as well as string theory, black hole microstates, and the gauge/gravity duality. This presentation will appear as a chapter in "General Relativity and Gravitation: A Centennial Perspective", to be published by Cambridge University Press.
1409.3546
Guillaume Faye
Guillaume Faye, Luc Blanchet, Bala R. Iyer
Non-linear multipole interactions and gravitational-wave octupole modes for inspiralling compact binaries to third-and-a-half post-Newtonian order
37 pages, no figure; minor corrections
Class. Quantum Grav. 32 (2015) 045016
10.1088/0264-9381/32/4/045016
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper is motivated by the need to improve the post-Newtonian (PN) amplitude accuracy of waveforms for gravitational waves generated by inspiralling compact binaries, both for use in data analysis and in the comparison between post-Newtonian approximations and numerical relativity computations. It presents: (i) the non-linear couplings between multipole moments of general post-Newtonian matter sources up to order 3.5PN, including all contributions from tails, tails-of-tails and the non-linear memory effect; and (ii) the source mass-type octupole moment of (non-spinning) compact binaries up to order 3PN, which permits to complete the expressions of the octupole modes (3,3) and (3,1) of the gravitational waveform to order 3.5PN. At this occasion we reconfirm by means of independent calculations our earlier results concerning the source mass-type quadrupole moment to order 3PN. Related discussions on factorized resummed waveforms and the occurence of logarithmic contributions to high order are also included.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Sep 2014 19:13:25 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 4 Feb 2015 20:41:39 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2015-06-22
[ [ "Faye", "Guillaume", "" ], [ "Blanchet", "Luc", "" ], [ "Iyer", "Bala R.", "" ] ]
This paper is motivated by the need to improve the post-Newtonian (PN) amplitude accuracy of waveforms for gravitational waves generated by inspiralling compact binaries, both for use in data analysis and in the comparison between post-Newtonian approximations and numerical relativity computations. It presents: (i) the non-linear couplings between multipole moments of general post-Newtonian matter sources up to order 3.5PN, including all contributions from tails, tails-of-tails and the non-linear memory effect; and (ii) the source mass-type octupole moment of (non-spinning) compact binaries up to order 3PN, which permits to complete the expressions of the octupole modes (3,3) and (3,1) of the gravitational waveform to order 3.5PN. At this occasion we reconfirm by means of independent calculations our earlier results concerning the source mass-type quadrupole moment to order 3PN. Related discussions on factorized resummed waveforms and the occurence of logarithmic contributions to high order are also included.
1708.09430
Benito A. Ju\'arez-Aubry
Benito A. Ju\'arez-Aubry
Asymptotics in the time-dependent Hawking and Unruh effects
Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Thesis supervisor: Dr. Jorma Louko. 230 pages. 20 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this thesis, we study the Hawking and Unruh effects in time-dependent situations, as registered by localised spacetimes observers in several asymptotic situations. (Full abstract inside document.)
[ { "created": "Wed, 30 Aug 2017 19:05:25 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-09-01
[ [ "Juárez-Aubry", "Benito A.", "" ] ]
In this thesis, we study the Hawking and Unruh effects in time-dependent situations, as registered by localised spacetimes observers in several asymptotic situations. (Full abstract inside document.)
2311.17130
John W. Moffat
John W. Moffat
Wide Binaries and Modified Gravity (MOG)
7 pages, no figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.12550 typos and text changes
Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, JCAP05(2024)079
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.SR
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Wide binary stars are used to test the modified gravity called Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity or MOG. This theory is based on the additional gravitational degrees of freedom, the scalar field $G=G_N(1+\alpha)$, where $G_N$ is Newton's constant, and the massive (spin-1 graviton) vector field $\phi_\mu$. The wide binaries have separations of 2-30 kAU. The MOG acceleration law, derived from the MOG field equations and equations of motion of a massive test particle for weak gravitational fields, depends on the enhanced gravitational constant $G=G_N(1+\alpha)$ and the effective running mass $\mu$. The magnitude of $\alpha$ depends on the physical length scale or averaging scale $\ell$ of the system. The modified MOG acceleration law for weak gravitational fields predicts that for the solar system and for the wide binary star systems gravitational dynamics follows Newton's law.
[ { "created": "Tue, 28 Nov 2023 17:20:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 16 Apr 2024 20:15:24 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 29 May 2024 21:47:05 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2024-05-31
[ [ "Moffat", "John W.", "" ] ]
Wide binary stars are used to test the modified gravity called Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity or MOG. This theory is based on the additional gravitational degrees of freedom, the scalar field $G=G_N(1+\alpha)$, where $G_N$ is Newton's constant, and the massive (spin-1 graviton) vector field $\phi_\mu$. The wide binaries have separations of 2-30 kAU. The MOG acceleration law, derived from the MOG field equations and equations of motion of a massive test particle for weak gravitational fields, depends on the enhanced gravitational constant $G=G_N(1+\alpha)$ and the effective running mass $\mu$. The magnitude of $\alpha$ depends on the physical length scale or averaging scale $\ell$ of the system. The modified MOG acceleration law for weak gravitational fields predicts that for the solar system and for the wide binary star systems gravitational dynamics follows Newton's law.
1307.0662
Jong-Ping Hsu
Leonardo Hsu, Jong-Ping Hsu
Exact Rotational Space-time Transformations, Davies-Jennison Experiments and Limiting Lorentz-Poincar\'e Invariance
23 pages, to be published in Euro. Phys. J. Plus, vol. 128 (2013)
Eur. Phys. J. Plus (2013) 128:74
10.1140/epjp/i2013-13074-4
null
gr-qc math-ph math.MP physics.optics
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
Jennison deduced from the rotational experiments that a rotating radius $r_r$ measured by the rotating observer is contracted by $r_r = r(1-\om^2 r^2/c^2)^{1/2}$, compared with the radius $r$ measured in an inertial frame. This conclusion differs from the result based on Lorentz transformations. Since rotational frames are not equivalent to inertial frames, we analyze the rotational experiments by using the exact rotational space-time transformations rather than the Lorentz transformations. We derive exact rotational transformations on the basis of the principle of limiting Lorentz-Poincar\'e invariance. The exact rotational transformations form a pseudo-group rather than the usual Lie group. They support Jennison's contraction of a rotating radius and are consistent with two Davies-Jennison experiments. We also suggest new experimental tests for the exact rotational transformations.
[ { "created": "Tue, 2 Jul 2013 10:17:27 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-02-26
[ [ "Hsu", "Leonardo", "" ], [ "Hsu", "Jong-Ping", "" ] ]
Jennison deduced from the rotational experiments that a rotating radius $r_r$ measured by the rotating observer is contracted by $r_r = r(1-\om^2 r^2/c^2)^{1/2}$, compared with the radius $r$ measured in an inertial frame. This conclusion differs from the result based on Lorentz transformations. Since rotational frames are not equivalent to inertial frames, we analyze the rotational experiments by using the exact rotational space-time transformations rather than the Lorentz transformations. We derive exact rotational transformations on the basis of the principle of limiting Lorentz-Poincar\'e invariance. The exact rotational transformations form a pseudo-group rather than the usual Lie group. They support Jennison's contraction of a rotating radius and are consistent with two Davies-Jennison experiments. We also suggest new experimental tests for the exact rotational transformations.
1206.6012
Ranjan Sharma
R. Sharma and R. Tikekar
Non-adiabatic radiative collapse of a relativistic star under different initial conditions
To appear in Pramana- j. of physics
Pramana -j. of physics, Vol. 79, p. 501, 2012
10.1007/s12043-012-0323-4
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We examine the role of space-time geometry in the non-adiabatic collapse of a star dissipating energy in the form of radial heat flow, studying its evolution under different initial conditions. The collapse of a star with interior comprising of a homogeneous perfect fluid is compared with that of a star filled with inhomogeneous imperfect fluid with anisotropic pressure. Both the configurations are spherically symmetric, however, in the latter case, the physical space $t= constant$ of the configurations is assumed to be inhomogeneous endowed with spheroidal or pseudo-spheroidal geometry. It is observed that as long as the collapse is shear-free, its evolution depends only on the mass and size of the star at the onset of collapse.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Jun 2012 10:28:43 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2013-04-30
[ [ "Sharma", "R.", "" ], [ "Tikekar", "R.", "" ] ]
We examine the role of space-time geometry in the non-adiabatic collapse of a star dissipating energy in the form of radial heat flow, studying its evolution under different initial conditions. The collapse of a star with interior comprising of a homogeneous perfect fluid is compared with that of a star filled with inhomogeneous imperfect fluid with anisotropic pressure. Both the configurations are spherically symmetric, however, in the latter case, the physical space $t= constant$ of the configurations is assumed to be inhomogeneous endowed with spheroidal or pseudo-spheroidal geometry. It is observed that as long as the collapse is shear-free, its evolution depends only on the mass and size of the star at the onset of collapse.
gr-qc/9612026
Robert Mann
S.F.J. Chan and R.B. Mann
Scalar Wave Falloff in Asymptotically Anti-de Sitter Backgrounds
34 pages, Latex, 26 figures, uses psfig
Phys. Rev. D 55, 7546 (1997)
10.1103/PhysRevD.55.7546
WATPHYS TH-96/20
gr-qc
null
Conformally invariant scalar waves in black hole spacetimes which are asymptotically anti-de Sitter are investigated. We consider both the $(2+1)$-dimensional black hole and $(3+1)$-dimensional Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter spacetime as backgrounds. Analytical and numerical methods show that the waves decay exponentially in the $(2+1)$ dimensional black hole background. However the falloff pattern of the conformal scalar waves in the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter background is generally neither exponential nor an inverse power rate, although the approximate falloff of the maximal peak is weakly exponential. We discuss the implications of these results for mass inflation.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 Dec 1996 16:26:22 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-24
[ [ "Chan", "S. F. J.", "" ], [ "Mann", "R. B.", "" ] ]
Conformally invariant scalar waves in black hole spacetimes which are asymptotically anti-de Sitter are investigated. We consider both the $(2+1)$-dimensional black hole and $(3+1)$-dimensional Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter spacetime as backgrounds. Analytical and numerical methods show that the waves decay exponentially in the $(2+1)$ dimensional black hole background. However the falloff pattern of the conformal scalar waves in the Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter background is generally neither exponential nor an inverse power rate, although the approximate falloff of the maximal peak is weakly exponential. We discuss the implications of these results for mass inflation.
gr-qc/9503003
Jean-Guy Demers
J.- G. Demers, R. Lafrance and R.C. Myers
Black Hole Entropy without Brick Walls
15 pages, plain LaTex minor additions including some references; version accepted for publication
Phys.Rev.D52:2245-2253,1995
10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2245
McGill 95-06
gr-qc hep-th
null
We present evidence which confirms a suggestion by Susskind and Uglum regarding black hole entropy. Using a Pauli-Villars regulator, we find that 't Hooft's approach to evaluating black hole entropy through a statistical-mechanical counting of states for a scalar field propagating outside the event horizon yields precisely the one-loop renormalization of the standard Bekenstein-Hawking formula, $S=\A/(4G)$. Our calculation also yields a constant contribution to the black hole entropy, a contribution associated with the one-loop renormalization of higher curvature terms in the gravitational action.
[ { "created": "Wed, 1 Mar 1995 20:14:12 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 3 Mar 1995 20:25:18 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 21 Jun 1995 01:52:13 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2014-11-17
[ [ "Demers", "J. - G.", "" ], [ "Lafrance", "R.", "" ], [ "Myers", "R. C.", "" ] ]
We present evidence which confirms a suggestion by Susskind and Uglum regarding black hole entropy. Using a Pauli-Villars regulator, we find that 't Hooft's approach to evaluating black hole entropy through a statistical-mechanical counting of states for a scalar field propagating outside the event horizon yields precisely the one-loop renormalization of the standard Bekenstein-Hawking formula, $S=\A/(4G)$. Our calculation also yields a constant contribution to the black hole entropy, a contribution associated with the one-loop renormalization of higher curvature terms in the gravitational action.
1410.4446
Behnaz Fazlpour
Behnaz Fazlpour, Ali Banijamali
Non-minimally Coupled Tachyon Field in Teleparallel Gravity
15 pages, 6 figures
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2015/04/030
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We perform a full investigation on dynamics of a new dark energy model in which the four-derivative of a non-canonical scalar field (tachyon) is non-minimally coupled to the vector torsion. Our analysis is done in the framework of teleparallel equivalent of general relativity which is based on torsion instead of curvature. We show that in our model there exists a late-time scaling attractor (point $P_{4}$), corresponding to an accelerating universe with the property that dark energy and dark matter densities are of the same order. Such a point can help to alleviate the cosmological coincidence problem. Existence of this point is the most significant difference between our model and another model in which a canonical scalar field (quintessence) is used instead of tachyon field.
[ { "created": "Thu, 16 Oct 2014 14:27:04 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 18 Feb 2015 21:44:56 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Mar 2015 19:45:44 GMT", "version": "v3" } ]
2015-06-23
[ [ "Fazlpour", "Behnaz", "" ], [ "Banijamali", "Ali", "" ] ]
We perform a full investigation on dynamics of a new dark energy model in which the four-derivative of a non-canonical scalar field (tachyon) is non-minimally coupled to the vector torsion. Our analysis is done in the framework of teleparallel equivalent of general relativity which is based on torsion instead of curvature. We show that in our model there exists a late-time scaling attractor (point $P_{4}$), corresponding to an accelerating universe with the property that dark energy and dark matter densities are of the same order. Such a point can help to alleviate the cosmological coincidence problem. Existence of this point is the most significant difference between our model and another model in which a canonical scalar field (quintessence) is used instead of tachyon field.
2205.07642
Celio Muniz
Marcony S. Cunha, G. Alencar, Celio R. Muniz, Valdir B. Bezerra, and Hor\'acio S. Vieira
Black strings from dark matter
16 pages. 9 figures
null
10.1016/j.aop.2023.169324
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this paper, we obtain two different static black string solutions by considering as sources axisymmetric dark matter distributions in 3+1 dimensions. These solutions tend asymptotically to the usual static and uncharged black string vacuum solution predicted by General Relativity (GR). We show that both the solutions present an event horizon each, like the vacuum solution, which is larger than the horizon of the latter. Then, we obtain the Hawking temperature associated with the black string solutions. Differently from what occurs with the static black string in the vacuum, we find that there exists a linear density of mass (or tension) remnant associated with a vanishing Hawking temperature for the obtained solutions. Thus, we analyze how the presence of dark matter affects the occurrence of the remnants. Further, we calculate other thermodynamic quantities, namely entropy, heat capacity, and free energy per length unit, showing that thermal phase transitions can occur in the presence of dark matter. We also analyze the weak (and null) energy conditions and conclude that the dark matter does not behave like an exotic fluid. Finally, we obtain the corresponding stationary solutions, determining their tensions as functions of both the mass and angular momentum of the black strings.
[ { "created": "Mon, 16 May 2022 12:56:57 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 6 Apr 2023 14:50:03 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-05-17
[ [ "Cunha", "Marcony S.", "" ], [ "Alencar", "G.", "" ], [ "Muniz", "Celio R.", "" ], [ "Bezerra", "Valdir B.", "" ], [ "Vieira", "Horácio S.", "" ] ]
In this paper, we obtain two different static black string solutions by considering as sources axisymmetric dark matter distributions in 3+1 dimensions. These solutions tend asymptotically to the usual static and uncharged black string vacuum solution predicted by General Relativity (GR). We show that both the solutions present an event horizon each, like the vacuum solution, which is larger than the horizon of the latter. Then, we obtain the Hawking temperature associated with the black string solutions. Differently from what occurs with the static black string in the vacuum, we find that there exists a linear density of mass (or tension) remnant associated with a vanishing Hawking temperature for the obtained solutions. Thus, we analyze how the presence of dark matter affects the occurrence of the remnants. Further, we calculate other thermodynamic quantities, namely entropy, heat capacity, and free energy per length unit, showing that thermal phase transitions can occur in the presence of dark matter. We also analyze the weak (and null) energy conditions and conclude that the dark matter does not behave like an exotic fluid. Finally, we obtain the corresponding stationary solutions, determining their tensions as functions of both the mass and angular momentum of the black strings.
gr-qc/9506034
null
M.Alves
Quantum Corrections to the Two-dimensional Gravity with External Field
12 pages, Latex, revised version
Class.Quant.Grav. 13 (1996) 171-178
10.1088/0264-9381/13/2/005
null
gr-qc hep-th
null
We introduce an external field to calculate the quantum corrections of the 2d gravity, via trace anomaly. We show that there are black hole type solution even in the absence of matter field and cosmological constant. We also see that these solutions are similar to the ones obtained from dilaton two-dimensional gravity.
[ { "created": "Mon, 19 Jun 1995 09:08:58 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 20 Jun 1995 14:18:04 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-28
[ [ "Alves", "M.", "" ] ]
We introduce an external field to calculate the quantum corrections of the 2d gravity, via trace anomaly. We show that there are black hole type solution even in the absence of matter field and cosmological constant. We also see that these solutions are similar to the ones obtained from dilaton two-dimensional gravity.
1408.3008
S Habib Mazharimousavi
S. Habib Mazharimousavi and M. Halilsoy
Global Monopole metric in 2+1-dimensions
8 pages, 7 figures published in IJGMMP
International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 16, 1950006 (2019)
10.1142/S0219887819500063
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In order to obtain the geometry of a global monopole without cosmological constant and electric charge in $2+1-$ dimensions we make use of the broken $% O(2)$ symmetry. In the absence of exact solution we determine the series solutions for both the metric and monopole functions in a consistent manner that satisfy all equations in appropriate powers. The new expansion elements are of the form $\frac{1}{r^{n}}\left( \ln r\right) ^{m},$ for the radial distance $r$ and positive integers $m$ and $n$ constrained by $m\leq n$. To the lowest order of expansion we find that in analogy with the negative cosmological constant the geometry of the global monopole acts repulsively, i.e., in the absence of a cosmological constant the global monopole plays at large distances the role of a negative cosmological constant.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Aug 2014 13:47:54 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 15 Aug 2014 11:08:52 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 10 Oct 2014 08:19:36 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Dec 2014 09:13:48 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Thu, 10 Nov 2016 14:21:01 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Wed, 16 Jan 2019 12:36:20 GMT", "version": "v6" } ]
2019-01-17
[ [ "Mazharimousavi", "S. Habib", "" ], [ "Halilsoy", "M.", "" ] ]
In order to obtain the geometry of a global monopole without cosmological constant and electric charge in $2+1-$ dimensions we make use of the broken $% O(2)$ symmetry. In the absence of exact solution we determine the series solutions for both the metric and monopole functions in a consistent manner that satisfy all equations in appropriate powers. The new expansion elements are of the form $\frac{1}{r^{n}}\left( \ln r\right) ^{m},$ for the radial distance $r$ and positive integers $m$ and $n$ constrained by $m\leq n$. To the lowest order of expansion we find that in analogy with the negative cosmological constant the geometry of the global monopole acts repulsively, i.e., in the absence of a cosmological constant the global monopole plays at large distances the role of a negative cosmological constant.
gr-qc/9412054
null
M. Bordag (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Leipzig University) and A.A. Bytsenko (State Technical University, 195251 St.Petersburg, Russia)
Quantum Corrections to the Entropy for Higher Spin Fields in Hyperbolic Space
Revised version -- 1 reference added
Grav.Cosmol. 1 (1995) 266-272
null
NTZ 23-94
gr-qc hep-th
null
We calculate the one-loop corrections to the free energy and to the entropy for fields with arbitrary spins in the space $S^1\otimes H^N$. For conformally invariant fields by means of a conformal transformation of the metric the results are valid in Rindler space with $D=N+1$ dimensions. We use the zeta regularization technique which yields an ultraviolet finite result for the entropy per unit area. The problem of the infinite area factor in the entropy which arises equally in Rindler space and in the black hole background is addressed in the light of a factor space $H^N/\Gamma$.
[ { "created": "Tue, 20 Dec 1994 20:25:07 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 26 Dec 1994 21:09:23 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2008-02-03
[ [ "Bordag", "M.", "", "Institute for Theoretical Physics, Leipzig University" ], [ "Bytsenko", "A. A.", "", "State Technical University, 195251 St.Petersburg, Russia" ] ]
We calculate the one-loop corrections to the free energy and to the entropy for fields with arbitrary spins in the space $S^1\otimes H^N$. For conformally invariant fields by means of a conformal transformation of the metric the results are valid in Rindler space with $D=N+1$ dimensions. We use the zeta regularization technique which yields an ultraviolet finite result for the entropy per unit area. The problem of the infinite area factor in the entropy which arises equally in Rindler space and in the black hole background is addressed in the light of a factor space $H^N/\Gamma$.
2403.16942
Kaye Jiale Li Ms
Kaye Jiale Li, Kinwah Wu, Ziri Younsi, Joana Teixeira, Dinesh Singh
Generic gravito-magnetic clock effects
11 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
General relativity predicts that two counter-orbiting clocks around a spinning mass differ in the time required to complete the same orbit. The difference in these two values for the orbital period is generally referred to as the gravito-magnetic (GM) clock effect. It has been proposed to measure the GM clock effect using atomic clocks carried by satellites in prograde and retrograde orbits around the Earth. The precision and stability required for satellites to accurately perform this measurement remains a challenge for current instrumentation. One of the most accurate clocks in the Universe is a millisecond pulsar, which emits periodic radio pulses with high stability. Timing of the pulsed signals from millisecond pulsars has proven to be very successful in testing predictions of general relativity and the GM clock effect is potentially measurable in binary systems. In this work we derive the generic GM clock effect by considering a slowly-spinning binary system on an elliptical orbit, with both arbitrary mass ratio and arbitrary spin orientations. The spin-orbit interaction introduces a perturbation to the orbit, causing the orbital plane to precess and nutate. We identify several different contributions to the clock effects: the choice of spin supplementary condition and the observer-dependent definition of a full revolution and "nearly-identical" orbits. We discuss the impact of these subtle definitions on the formula for GM clock effects and show that most of the existing formulae in the literature can be recovered under appropriate assumptions.
[ { "created": "Mon, 25 Mar 2024 17:05:12 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-03-26
[ [ "Li", "Kaye Jiale", "" ], [ "Wu", "Kinwah", "" ], [ "Younsi", "Ziri", "" ], [ "Teixeira", "Joana", "" ], [ "Singh", "Dinesh", "" ] ]
General relativity predicts that two counter-orbiting clocks around a spinning mass differ in the time required to complete the same orbit. The difference in these two values for the orbital period is generally referred to as the gravito-magnetic (GM) clock effect. It has been proposed to measure the GM clock effect using atomic clocks carried by satellites in prograde and retrograde orbits around the Earth. The precision and stability required for satellites to accurately perform this measurement remains a challenge for current instrumentation. One of the most accurate clocks in the Universe is a millisecond pulsar, which emits periodic radio pulses with high stability. Timing of the pulsed signals from millisecond pulsars has proven to be very successful in testing predictions of general relativity and the GM clock effect is potentially measurable in binary systems. In this work we derive the generic GM clock effect by considering a slowly-spinning binary system on an elliptical orbit, with both arbitrary mass ratio and arbitrary spin orientations. The spin-orbit interaction introduces a perturbation to the orbit, causing the orbital plane to precess and nutate. We identify several different contributions to the clock effects: the choice of spin supplementary condition and the observer-dependent definition of a full revolution and "nearly-identical" orbits. We discuss the impact of these subtle definitions on the formula for GM clock effects and show that most of the existing formulae in the literature can be recovered under appropriate assumptions.
0804.1029
Liselotte De Groote
Liselotte De Groote, Norbert Van den Bergh
Complete integration of the aligned Newman Tamburino Maxwell solutions
null
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the cylindrical class of Newman Tamburino equations in the presence of an aligned Maxwell field. After obtaining a complete integration of the field equations we look at the possible vacuum limits and we examine the symmetries of the general solution.
[ { "created": "Mon, 7 Apr 2008 13:55:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2008-04-08
[ [ "De Groote", "Liselotte", "" ], [ "Bergh", "Norbert Van den", "" ] ]
We investigate the cylindrical class of Newman Tamburino equations in the presence of an aligned Maxwell field. After obtaining a complete integration of the field equations we look at the possible vacuum limits and we examine the symmetries of the general solution.
1807.00765
Peter Horvathy
P.-M. Zhang, M. Cariglia, C. Duval, M. Elbistan, G. W. Gibbons, P.A. Horvathy
Ion Traps and the Memory Effect for Periodic Gravitational Waves
Final version: 32 pages. An error in sec. 6 (Lagrange points) pointed out for us by Matt Kalinski (to whom we are grateful) is corrected and the stability problem clarified. See also our Erratum: Phys. Rev. D 98, 089901(E) (2018). Our paper is dedicated to the memory of our friend and collaborator Christian Duval, who deceased shortly after our paper was published
Phys. Rev. D 98, 044037 (2018)
10.1103/PhysRevD.98.044037
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-th physics.class-ph
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The Eisenhart lift of a Paul Trap used to store ions in molecular physics is a linearly polarized periodic gravitational wave. A modified version of Dehmelt's Penning Trap is in turn related to circularly polarized periodic gravitational waves, sought for in inflationary models. Similar equations rule also the Lagrange points in Celestial Mechanics. The explanation is provided by anisotropic oscillators.
[ { "created": "Mon, 2 Jul 2018 16:04:11 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 10 Jul 2018 00:48:12 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Thu, 9 Aug 2018 06:44:13 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 1 Oct 2018 11:59:22 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Sun, 14 Oct 2018 08:36:22 GMT", "version": "v5" }, { "created": "Thu, 11 Apr 2019 11:31:30 GMT", "version": "v6" } ]
2019-04-12
[ [ "Zhang", "P. -M.", "" ], [ "Cariglia", "M.", "" ], [ "Duval", "C.", "" ], [ "Elbistan", "M.", "" ], [ "Gibbons", "G. W.", "" ], [ "Horvathy", "P. A.", "" ] ]
The Eisenhart lift of a Paul Trap used to store ions in molecular physics is a linearly polarized periodic gravitational wave. A modified version of Dehmelt's Penning Trap is in turn related to circularly polarized periodic gravitational waves, sought for in inflationary models. Similar equations rule also the Lagrange points in Celestial Mechanics. The explanation is provided by anisotropic oscillators.
gr-qc/9411061
Jemal Guven
Riccardo Capovilla and Jemal Guven
Large Deformations of Relativistic Membranes: A Generalization of the Raychaudhuri Equations
24 pages, Plain Tex, sign errors corrected, new references added. To appear in Physical Review D
Phys.Rev. D52 (1995) 1072-1081
10.1103/PhysRevD.52.1072
null
gr-qc
null
A coupled system of non-linear partial differential equations is presented which describes non-perturbatively the evolution of deformations of a relativistic membrane of arbitrary dimension, $D$, in an arbitrary background spacetime. These equations can be considered from a formal point of view as higher dimensional analogs of the Raychaudhuri equations for point particles to which they are shown to reduce when $D=1$. For $D=1$ or $D=2$ (a string), there are no constraints on the initial data. If $D>2$, however, there will be constraints with a corresponding complication of the evolution problem. The consistent evolution of the constraints is guaranteed by an integrability condition which is satisfied when the equations of motion are satisfied. Explicit calculations are performed for membranes described by the Nambu action.
[ { "created": "Wed, 23 Nov 1994 22:37:29 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 27 Apr 1995 20:10:07 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-10-22
[ [ "Capovilla", "Riccardo", "" ], [ "Guven", "Jemal", "" ] ]
A coupled system of non-linear partial differential equations is presented which describes non-perturbatively the evolution of deformations of a relativistic membrane of arbitrary dimension, $D$, in an arbitrary background spacetime. These equations can be considered from a formal point of view as higher dimensional analogs of the Raychaudhuri equations for point particles to which they are shown to reduce when $D=1$. For $D=1$ or $D=2$ (a string), there are no constraints on the initial data. If $D>2$, however, there will be constraints with a corresponding complication of the evolution problem. The consistent evolution of the constraints is guaranteed by an integrability condition which is satisfied when the equations of motion are satisfied. Explicit calculations are performed for membranes described by the Nambu action.
2102.06517
Samuel Kov\'a\v{c}ik
Samuel Kov\'a\v{c}ik
Hawking-Radiation Recoil of Microscopic Black Holes
10 pages, 3 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Hawking radiation would make microscopic black holes evaporate rapidly, which excludes them from many astrophysical considerations. However, it has been argued that the quantum nature of space would alter this behaviour: the temperature of a Planck-size black hole vanishes, and what is left behind is a Planck-mass remnant with the cross-section of $\approx 10^{-70}\mbox{m}^2$, which makes a direct observation nearly impossible. Such black hole remnants have been identified as possible dark matter candidates. Here, we argue that the final stage of evaporation has a recoil effect that gives them a velocity up to $\approx 10^{-1} c$. This would lead to a disagreement with the cold dark matter cosmological model unless the primordial black hole formation ceased shortly after the inflation era.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Feb 2021 11:31:30 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 3 Nov 2021 20:58:02 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2021-11-05
[ [ "Kováčik", "Samuel", "" ] ]
Hawking radiation would make microscopic black holes evaporate rapidly, which excludes them from many astrophysical considerations. However, it has been argued that the quantum nature of space would alter this behaviour: the temperature of a Planck-size black hole vanishes, and what is left behind is a Planck-mass remnant with the cross-section of $\approx 10^{-70}\mbox{m}^2$, which makes a direct observation nearly impossible. Such black hole remnants have been identified as possible dark matter candidates. Here, we argue that the final stage of evaporation has a recoil effect that gives them a velocity up to $\approx 10^{-1} c$. This would lead to a disagreement with the cold dark matter cosmological model unless the primordial black hole formation ceased shortly after the inflation era.
2306.17512
James Lucietti
Maciej Dunajski, James Lucietti
Intrinsic rigidity of extremal horizons
13 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We prove that the intrinsic geometry of compact cross-sections of any vacuum extremal horizon must admit a Killing vector field. If the cross-sections are two-dimensional spheres, this implies that the most general solution is the extremal Kerr horizon and completes the classification of the associated near-horizon geometries. The same results hold with a cosmological constant. Furthermore, we also deduce that any non-trivial vacuum near-horizon geometry, with a non-positive cosmological constant, must have an SO(2,1) isometry in all dimensions under no symmetry assumptions. We also show that, if the cross-sections are two-dimensional, the horizon Einstein equation is equivalent to a single fourth order PDE for the K\"ahler potential, and that this equation is explicitly solvable on the sphere if the corresponding metric admits a Killing vector.
[ { "created": "Fri, 30 Jun 2023 09:56:34 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-07-03
[ [ "Dunajski", "Maciej", "" ], [ "Lucietti", "James", "" ] ]
We prove that the intrinsic geometry of compact cross-sections of any vacuum extremal horizon must admit a Killing vector field. If the cross-sections are two-dimensional spheres, this implies that the most general solution is the extremal Kerr horizon and completes the classification of the associated near-horizon geometries. The same results hold with a cosmological constant. Furthermore, we also deduce that any non-trivial vacuum near-horizon geometry, with a non-positive cosmological constant, must have an SO(2,1) isometry in all dimensions under no symmetry assumptions. We also show that, if the cross-sections are two-dimensional, the horizon Einstein equation is equivalent to a single fourth order PDE for the K\"ahler potential, and that this equation is explicitly solvable on the sphere if the corresponding metric admits a Killing vector.
2001.00010
Gauranga Samanta
Nisha Godani and Gauranga C. Samanta
Traversable Wormholes in $R+\alpha R^n$ Gravity
33 pages, 16 figures, accepted in EPJC
null
10.1140/epjc/s10052-019-7587-5
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
In this work, the study of traversable wormholes in $f(R)$ gravity with the function $f(R)=R+\alpha R^n$, where $\alpha$ and $n$ are arbitrary constants, is taken into account. The shape function $b(r)=\frac{r}{\exp(r-r_0)}$, proposed by Samanta et al. \cite{godani1}, is considered. The energy conditions with respect to both constant and variable redshift functions are discussed and the existence of wormhole solutions without presence of exotic matter is investigated.
[ { "created": "Mon, 30 Dec 2019 05:01:36 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2020-01-29
[ [ "Godani", "Nisha", "" ], [ "Samanta", "Gauranga C.", "" ] ]
In this work, the study of traversable wormholes in $f(R)$ gravity with the function $f(R)=R+\alpha R^n$, where $\alpha$ and $n$ are arbitrary constants, is taken into account. The shape function $b(r)=\frac{r}{\exp(r-r_0)}$, proposed by Samanta et al. \cite{godani1}, is considered. The energy conditions with respect to both constant and variable redshift functions are discussed and the existence of wormhole solutions without presence of exotic matter is investigated.
1601.03148
Taeyoon Moon
Yun Soo Myung and Taeyoon Moon
Inflaton decay and reheating in nonminimal derivative coupling
1+18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
null
10.1088/1475-7516/2016/07/014
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We investigate the inflaton decay and reheating period after the end of inflation in the non-minimal derivative coupling (NDC) model with chaotic potential. In general, this model is known to provide an enhanced slow-roll inflation caused by gravitationally enhanced friction. We find violent oscillations of Hubble parameter which induces oscillations of the sound speed squared, implying the Lagrangian instability of curvature perturbation $\zeta$ under the comoving gauge $\varphi=0$. Also, it is shown that the curvature perturbation blows up at $\dot{\phi}=0$, leading to the breakdown of the comoving gauge at $\dot{\phi}=0$. Therefore, we use the Newtonian gauge to perform the perturbation analysis where the Newtonian potential is employed as a physical variable. The curvature perturbation is not considered as a physical variable which describes a relevant perturbation during reheating.
[ { "created": "Wed, 13 Jan 2016 07:20:02 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Fri, 1 Jul 2016 03:53:25 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2016-07-20
[ [ "Myung", "Yun Soo", "" ], [ "Moon", "Taeyoon", "" ] ]
We investigate the inflaton decay and reheating period after the end of inflation in the non-minimal derivative coupling (NDC) model with chaotic potential. In general, this model is known to provide an enhanced slow-roll inflation caused by gravitationally enhanced friction. We find violent oscillations of Hubble parameter which induces oscillations of the sound speed squared, implying the Lagrangian instability of curvature perturbation $\zeta$ under the comoving gauge $\varphi=0$. Also, it is shown that the curvature perturbation blows up at $\dot{\phi}=0$, leading to the breakdown of the comoving gauge at $\dot{\phi}=0$. Therefore, we use the Newtonian gauge to perform the perturbation analysis where the Newtonian potential is employed as a physical variable. The curvature perturbation is not considered as a physical variable which describes a relevant perturbation during reheating.
2206.12256
Gamal G.L. Nashed
G. G. L. Nashed and Emmanuel N. Saridakis
New anisotropic star solutions in mimetic gravity
20 pages 10 figures, will appear in EPJP
Eur.Phys.J.Plus 138 (2023) 318
10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-03767-y
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We extract new classes of anisotropic solutions in the framework of mimetic gravity, by applying the Tolman-Finch-Skea metric and a specific anisotropy not directly depending on it, and by matching smoothly the interior anisotropic solution to the Schwarzschild exterior one. Then, in order to provide a transparent picture we use the data from the 4U 1608-52 pulsar. We study the profile of the energy density, as well as the radial and tangential pressures, and we show that they are all positive and decrease towards the center of the star. Furthermore, we investigate the anisotropy parameter and the anisotropic force, that are both increasing functions of the radius, which implies that the latter is repulsive. Additionally, by examining the radial and tangential equation-of-state parameters, we show that they are monotonically increasing, not corresponding to exotic matter. Concerning the metric potentials we find that they have no singularity, either at the center of the star or at the boundary. Furthermore, we verify that all energy conditions are satisfied, we show that the radial and tangential sound speed squares are positive and sub-luminal, and we find that the surface redshift satisfies the theoretical requirement. Finally, in order to investigate the stability we apply the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation, we perform the adiabatic index analysis, and we examine the static case, showing that in all cases the star is stable.
[ { "created": "Thu, 23 Jun 2022 08:03:18 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Thu, 2 Feb 2023 07:58:31 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2023-04-19
[ [ "Nashed", "G. G. L.", "" ], [ "Saridakis", "Emmanuel N.", "" ] ]
We extract new classes of anisotropic solutions in the framework of mimetic gravity, by applying the Tolman-Finch-Skea metric and a specific anisotropy not directly depending on it, and by matching smoothly the interior anisotropic solution to the Schwarzschild exterior one. Then, in order to provide a transparent picture we use the data from the 4U 1608-52 pulsar. We study the profile of the energy density, as well as the radial and tangential pressures, and we show that they are all positive and decrease towards the center of the star. Furthermore, we investigate the anisotropy parameter and the anisotropic force, that are both increasing functions of the radius, which implies that the latter is repulsive. Additionally, by examining the radial and tangential equation-of-state parameters, we show that they are monotonically increasing, not corresponding to exotic matter. Concerning the metric potentials we find that they have no singularity, either at the center of the star or at the boundary. Furthermore, we verify that all energy conditions are satisfied, we show that the radial and tangential sound speed squares are positive and sub-luminal, and we find that the surface redshift satisfies the theoretical requirement. Finally, in order to investigate the stability we apply the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation, we perform the adiabatic index analysis, and we examine the static case, showing that in all cases the star is stable.
1207.2914
Xiao Zhang
Yaohua Wang, Naqing Xie, Xiao Zhang
The positive energy theorem for asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes
24 pages, revised substantially, the new energy-momentum inequality proved. Appeared in Communications in Contemporary Mathematics
null
10.1142/S0219199715500157
null
gr-qc math.DG
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We establish the inequality for Henneaux-Teitelboim's total energy-momentum for asymptotically anti-de Sitter initial data sets which are asymptotic to arbitrary $t$-slice in anti-de Sitter spacetime. In particular, when $t=0$, it generalizes Chru\'{s}ciel-Maerten-Tod's inequality in the center of AdS mass coordinates. We also show that the determinant of energy-momentum endomorphism ${\bf Q}$ is the geometric invariant of asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes.
[ { "created": "Thu, 12 Jul 2012 10:57:31 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Jul 2012 06:10:42 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Wed, 6 Feb 2013 04:10:49 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Mon, 25 Nov 2013 07:20:25 GMT", "version": "v4" }, { "created": "Tue, 17 Feb 2015 01:28:33 GMT", "version": "v5" } ]
2015-02-18
[ [ "Wang", "Yaohua", "" ], [ "Xie", "Naqing", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Xiao", "" ] ]
We establish the inequality for Henneaux-Teitelboim's total energy-momentum for asymptotically anti-de Sitter initial data sets which are asymptotic to arbitrary $t$-slice in anti-de Sitter spacetime. In particular, when $t=0$, it generalizes Chru\'{s}ciel-Maerten-Tod's inequality in the center of AdS mass coordinates. We also show that the determinant of energy-momentum endomorphism ${\bf Q}$ is the geometric invariant of asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetimes.
gr-qc/0207088
Jeronimo Cortez
Alejandro Corichi, Jeronimo Cortez and Hernando Quevedo
On the Schroedinger Representation for a Scalar Field on Curved Spacetime
11 pages, Revtex, no figures
Phys.Rev. D66 (2002) 085025
10.1103/PhysRevD.66.085025
null
gr-qc hep-th math-ph math.MP
null
It is generally known that linear (free) field theories are one of the few QFT that are exactly soluble. In the Schroedinger functional description of a scalar field on flat Minkowski spacetime and for flat embeddings, it is known that the usual Fock representation is described by a Gaussian measure. In this paper, arbitrary globally hyperbolic space-times and embeddings of the Cauchy surface are considered. The classical structures relevant for quantization are used for constructing the Schroedinger representation in the general case. It is shown that in this case, the measure is also Gaussian. Possible implications for the program of canonical quantization of midisuperspace models are pointed out.
[ { "created": "Wed, 24 Jul 2002 01:33:52 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2016-08-31
[ [ "Corichi", "Alejandro", "" ], [ "Cortez", "Jeronimo", "" ], [ "Quevedo", "Hernando", "" ] ]
It is generally known that linear (free) field theories are one of the few QFT that are exactly soluble. In the Schroedinger functional description of a scalar field on flat Minkowski spacetime and for flat embeddings, it is known that the usual Fock representation is described by a Gaussian measure. In this paper, arbitrary globally hyperbolic space-times and embeddings of the Cauchy surface are considered. The classical structures relevant for quantization are used for constructing the Schroedinger representation in the general case. It is shown that in this case, the measure is also Gaussian. Possible implications for the program of canonical quantization of midisuperspace models are pointed out.
2404.17405
Miguel Zumalacarregui
Miguel Zumalac\'arregui
Lens Stochastic Diffraction: A Signature of Compact Structures in Gravitational-Wave Data
5 pages, 4 figures. Comments welcome!
null
null
null
gr-qc astro-ph.CO astro-ph.HE hep-ph
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Every signal propagating through the universe is diffracted by the gravitational fields of intervening objects, aka gravitational lenses. Diffraction is most efficient when caused by compact lenses, which invariably produce additional images of a source. The signals associated with additional images are generically faint, but their collective effect may be detectable with coherent sources, such as gravitational waves (GWs), where both amplitude and phase are measured. Here, I describe lens stochastic diffraction (LSD): Poisson-distributed fluctuations after GW events caused by compact lenses. The amplitude and temporal distribution of these signals encode crucial information about the mass and abundance of compact lenses. Through the collective stochastic signal, LSD offers an order-of-magnitude improvement over single lens analysis for objects with mass $\gtrsim 10^3 M_\odot$. This gain can improve limits on compact dark-matter halos and allows next-generation instruments to detect supermassive black holes, given the abundance inferred from quasar luminosity studies.
[ { "created": "Fri, 26 Apr 2024 13:31:13 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-04-29
[ [ "Zumalacárregui", "Miguel", "" ] ]
Every signal propagating through the universe is diffracted by the gravitational fields of intervening objects, aka gravitational lenses. Diffraction is most efficient when caused by compact lenses, which invariably produce additional images of a source. The signals associated with additional images are generically faint, but their collective effect may be detectable with coherent sources, such as gravitational waves (GWs), where both amplitude and phase are measured. Here, I describe lens stochastic diffraction (LSD): Poisson-distributed fluctuations after GW events caused by compact lenses. The amplitude and temporal distribution of these signals encode crucial information about the mass and abundance of compact lenses. Through the collective stochastic signal, LSD offers an order-of-magnitude improvement over single lens analysis for objects with mass $\gtrsim 10^3 M_\odot$. This gain can improve limits on compact dark-matter halos and allows next-generation instruments to detect supermassive black holes, given the abundance inferred from quasar luminosity studies.
2212.14147
Oscar Lasso Andino
\'Alvaro Duenas-Vidal, Oscar Lasso Andino
The Jacobi metric approach for dynamical wormholes
14 pages
Gen Relativ Gravit 55, 9 (2023)
10.1007/s10714-022-03060-w
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We present the Jacobi metric formalism for dynamical wormholes. We show that in isotropic dynamical spacetimes , a first integral of the geodesic equations can be found using the Jacobi metric, and without any use of geodesic equation. This enables us to reduce the geodesic motion in dynamical wormholes to a dynamics defined in a Riemannian manifold. Then, making use of the Jacobi formalism, we study the circular stable orbits in the Jacobi metric framework for the dynamical wormhole background. Finally, we also show that the Gaussian curvature of the family of Jacobi metrics is directly related, as in the static case, to the flare-out condition of the dynamical wormhole, giving a way to characterize a wormhole spacetime by the sign of the Gaussian curvature of its Jacobi metric only.
[ { "created": "Thu, 29 Dec 2022 02:05:11 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-01-02
[ [ "Duenas-Vidal", "Álvaro", "" ], [ "Andino", "Oscar Lasso", "" ] ]
We present the Jacobi metric formalism for dynamical wormholes. We show that in isotropic dynamical spacetimes , a first integral of the geodesic equations can be found using the Jacobi metric, and without any use of geodesic equation. This enables us to reduce the geodesic motion in dynamical wormholes to a dynamics defined in a Riemannian manifold. Then, making use of the Jacobi formalism, we study the circular stable orbits in the Jacobi metric framework for the dynamical wormhole background. Finally, we also show that the Gaussian curvature of the family of Jacobi metrics is directly related, as in the static case, to the flare-out condition of the dynamical wormhole, giving a way to characterize a wormhole spacetime by the sign of the Gaussian curvature of its Jacobi metric only.
1409.3391
I-Sheng Yang
Ue-Li Pen and I-Sheng Yang
Strong lensing interferometry for compact binaries
5 pages, 5 figures
Phys. Rev. D 91, 064044 (2015)
10.1103/PhysRevD.91.064044
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE astro-ph.IM hep-ph hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We propose a possibility to improve the current precision measurements on compact binaries. When the orbital axis is almost perpendicular to our line of sight, a pulsar behind its companion can form two strong-lensing images. These images cannot be resolved, but we can use multi-wavelength interferometry to accurately determine the passage through superior conjunction. This method does not depend strongly on the stability of the pulse profile, and applies equally well to both slow and fast pulsars. We discuss the possible improvement this can bring to the bound on stochastic gravitational wave background and to determine black hole spin. We also discuss the possibility of discovering a suitable binary system by the Square Kilometer Array that our method can apply to.
[ { "created": "Thu, 11 Sep 2014 11:17:06 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2015-03-25
[ [ "Pen", "Ue-Li", "" ], [ "Yang", "I-Sheng", "" ] ]
We propose a possibility to improve the current precision measurements on compact binaries. When the orbital axis is almost perpendicular to our line of sight, a pulsar behind its companion can form two strong-lensing images. These images cannot be resolved, but we can use multi-wavelength interferometry to accurately determine the passage through superior conjunction. This method does not depend strongly on the stability of the pulse profile, and applies equally well to both slow and fast pulsars. We discuss the possible improvement this can bring to the bound on stochastic gravitational wave background and to determine black hole spin. We also discuss the possibility of discovering a suitable binary system by the Square Kilometer Array that our method can apply to.
1510.08215
Bogeun Gwak
Bogeun Gwak, Bum-Hoon Lee
Thermodynamics of Three-dimensional Black Holes via Charged Particle Absorption
6 pages
Phys. Lett. B755 (2016) 324-327
10.1016/j.physletb.2016.02.028
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We have shown that changes occur in a (2+1)-dimensional charged black hole by adding a charged probe. The particle increases the entropy of the black hole and guarantees the second law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics is derived from the change in the black hole mass. Using the particle absorption, we test the extremal black hole and find out that the mass of the extremal black hole increases more than the electric charge. Therefore, the outer horizon of the black hole still exists. However, the extremal condition becomes non-extremal.
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Oct 2015 07:33:58 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2017-12-01
[ [ "Gwak", "Bogeun", "" ], [ "Lee", "Bum-Hoon", "" ] ]
We have shown that changes occur in a (2+1)-dimensional charged black hole by adding a charged probe. The particle increases the entropy of the black hole and guarantees the second law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics is derived from the change in the black hole mass. Using the particle absorption, we test the extremal black hole and find out that the mass of the extremal black hole increases more than the electric charge. Therefore, the outer horizon of the black hole still exists. However, the extremal condition becomes non-extremal.
0908.4006
John T. Whelan
Stephen Fairhurst, Gianluca M Guidi, Patrice Hello, John T Whelan, Graham Woan
Current status of gravitational-wave observations
21 pages, LaTeX, uses svjour3.cls, 1 figure, for GRG special issue on Einstein Telescope
Gen.Rel.Grav.43:387-407,2011
10.1007/s10714-010-1009-1
LIGO-P0900092
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
The first generation of gravitational wave interferometric detectors has taken data at, or close to, their design sensitivity. This data has been searched for a broad range of gravitational wave signatures. An overview of gravitational wave search methods and results are presented. Searches for gravitational waves from unmodelled burst sources, compact binary coalescences, continuous wave sources and stochastic backgrounds are discussed.
[ { "created": "Thu, 27 Aug 2009 13:07:31 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2011-01-28
[ [ "Fairhurst", "Stephen", "" ], [ "Guidi", "Gianluca M", "" ], [ "Hello", "Patrice", "" ], [ "Whelan", "John T", "" ], [ "Woan", "Graham", "" ] ]
The first generation of gravitational wave interferometric detectors has taken data at, or close to, their design sensitivity. This data has been searched for a broad range of gravitational wave signatures. An overview of gravitational wave search methods and results are presented. Searches for gravitational waves from unmodelled burst sources, compact binary coalescences, continuous wave sources and stochastic backgrounds are discussed.
2312.16736
Remo Garattini
R. Garattini and A.G. Tzikas
Traversable Wormholes induced by Stress Energy Conservation: combining Casimir Energy with a scalar field
LaTeX 14 pages
null
null
null
gr-qc hep-th
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
We investigate possible manifolds characterizing traversable wormholes in the presence of a scalar field, which is minimally coupled to gravity and has both kinetic and potential energy. The feature of traversability requires the violation of the null energy condition, which, in turn, signals the existence of exotic matter with negative energy density. For this reason, we impose a hypothetical Casimir apparatus with plates positioned at a distance either parametrically fixed or radially varying. The main feature of all the derived solutions is the conservation of the Stress Energy Tensor. Such a conservation though requires the introduction of an auxiliary field, which we interpret as a gravitational response of the Traversable Wormhole to the original source. Interestingly, the only case that seems to avoid the necessity for such an auxiliary field, is the one involving a scalar field with a potential, in combination with a Casimir device with fixed plates.
[ { "created": "Wed, 27 Dec 2023 22:35:08 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2024-01-01
[ [ "Garattini", "R.", "" ], [ "Tzikas", "A. G.", "" ] ]
We investigate possible manifolds characterizing traversable wormholes in the presence of a scalar field, which is minimally coupled to gravity and has both kinetic and potential energy. The feature of traversability requires the violation of the null energy condition, which, in turn, signals the existence of exotic matter with negative energy density. For this reason, we impose a hypothetical Casimir apparatus with plates positioned at a distance either parametrically fixed or radially varying. The main feature of all the derived solutions is the conservation of the Stress Energy Tensor. Such a conservation though requires the introduction of an auxiliary field, which we interpret as a gravitational response of the Traversable Wormhole to the original source. Interestingly, the only case that seems to avoid the necessity for such an auxiliary field, is the one involving a scalar field with a potential, in combination with a Casimir device with fixed plates.
2205.05683
Muhammad Sharif
M. Sharif and Ayesha Anjum
Impact of Charge on the Complexity of Static Sphere in $f(R,\textbf{T}^{2})$ Gravity
24 pages, 3 figures, to appear in EPJP
Eur. Phys. J. Plus. 137(2022)602
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
This paper investigates the complexity of a charged static sphere filled with anisotropic matter in the background of energy-momentum squared gravity. For this purpose, we evaluate the modified field and conservation equations to determine the structure of celestial system. The mass function is calculated through Misner-Sharp as well as Tolman mass definitions. The complexity of a self-gravitating system depends on different factors such as anisotropic pressure, electromagnetic field, energy density inhomogeneity, etc. We formulate the structure scalars by the orthogonal decomposition of the Riemann tensor to develop a complexity factor containing all vital features of the stellar structure. The vanishing complexity condition is achieved by setting the complexity factor equal to zero. Finally, we construct two static solutions by utilizing the energy density of Gokhroo-Mehra solution as well as the polytropic equation of state along with the zero complexity condition. It is found that electromagnetic field decreases the complexity of stellar structure.
[ { "created": "Wed, 11 May 2022 09:07:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-05-19
[ [ "Sharif", "M.", "" ], [ "Anjum", "Ayesha", "" ] ]
This paper investigates the complexity of a charged static sphere filled with anisotropic matter in the background of energy-momentum squared gravity. For this purpose, we evaluate the modified field and conservation equations to determine the structure of celestial system. The mass function is calculated through Misner-Sharp as well as Tolman mass definitions. The complexity of a self-gravitating system depends on different factors such as anisotropic pressure, electromagnetic field, energy density inhomogeneity, etc. We formulate the structure scalars by the orthogonal decomposition of the Riemann tensor to develop a complexity factor containing all vital features of the stellar structure. The vanishing complexity condition is achieved by setting the complexity factor equal to zero. Finally, we construct two static solutions by utilizing the energy density of Gokhroo-Mehra solution as well as the polytropic equation of state along with the zero complexity condition. It is found that electromagnetic field decreases the complexity of stellar structure.
gr-qc/0509069
Stephane Fay
Stephane Fay
Homogeneous cosmology dynamics revealed by Hamiltonian ADM formalism
23 pages, 3 figures, book chapter
Quantum cosmology research trends. Horizons in world physics, Nova publishers, vol 246, 2005
null
null
gr-qc
null
We study the homogeneous but anisotropic cosmological models of Bianchi in presence of a massive scalar field using the ADM Hamiltonian formalism. We begin to describe the main steps to find the ADM Hamiltonian of the General Relativity with a massive scalar field and then we study the dynamics of the flat Bianchi type $I$ anisotropic Universe according to initial and final values of this Hamiltonian and sign of the potential. After a brief recall of the conditions necessary to isotropise an anisotropic Bianchi class A model with such a field, we extend them to a non minimally coupled scalar field by using a conformal transformation of the metric which casts the General Relativity with a scalar field into a scalar-tensor theory. The new line element then corresponds to the so-called Brans-Dicke frame, the former one being the Einstein frame. Then, we study the isotropisation process of the Bianchi class A model when we consider the low energy form of the string theory without its antisymmetric tensor and the Brans-Dicke theory with some exponential or power laws of the scalar field for the potential. Finally, assuming an isotropic Universe such as all the metric functions behave as some power or exponential laws of the proper time, we find the conditions such that the gravitation function and the potential of the scalar field are bounded as it is observed today, and compare them with the necessary conditions for isotropy.
[ { "created": "Fri, 16 Sep 2005 15:33:51 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2014-04-15
[ [ "Fay", "Stephane", "" ] ]
We study the homogeneous but anisotropic cosmological models of Bianchi in presence of a massive scalar field using the ADM Hamiltonian formalism. We begin to describe the main steps to find the ADM Hamiltonian of the General Relativity with a massive scalar field and then we study the dynamics of the flat Bianchi type $I$ anisotropic Universe according to initial and final values of this Hamiltonian and sign of the potential. After a brief recall of the conditions necessary to isotropise an anisotropic Bianchi class A model with such a field, we extend them to a non minimally coupled scalar field by using a conformal transformation of the metric which casts the General Relativity with a scalar field into a scalar-tensor theory. The new line element then corresponds to the so-called Brans-Dicke frame, the former one being the Einstein frame. Then, we study the isotropisation process of the Bianchi class A model when we consider the low energy form of the string theory without its antisymmetric tensor and the Brans-Dicke theory with some exponential or power laws of the scalar field for the potential. Finally, assuming an isotropic Universe such as all the metric functions behave as some power or exponential laws of the proper time, we find the conditions such that the gravitation function and the potential of the scalar field are bounded as it is observed today, and compare them with the necessary conditions for isotropy.
gr-qc/9310022
Huw Price
Huw Price
Cosmology, Time's Arrow, and That Old Double Standard
26 pages, in LaTeX with 3 figures appended as postscript file. (Written for Time's Arrows Today Conference, UBC, Vancouver, June 1992; forthcoming in Savitt, S. (ed), 'Time's Arrows Today', Cambridge University Press, 1994.)
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
It is widely accepted that temporal asymmetry is largely a cosmological problem; the task of explaining temporal asymmetry reduces in the main to that of explaining an aspect of the condition of the early universe. However, cosmologists who discuss these issues often make mistakes similar to those that plagued nineteenth century discussions of the statistical foundations of thermodynamics. In particular, they are often guilty of applying temporal "double standards" of various kinds---e.g., in failing to recognise that certain statistical arguments apply with equal force in either temporal direction. This paper aims to clarify the issue as to what would count as adequate explanation of cosmological time asymmetry. A particular concern is the question whether it is possible to explain why entropy is low near the Big Bang without showing that it must also be low near a Big Crunch, in the event that the universe recollapses. I criticise some of the objections raised to this possibility, showing that these too often depend on a temporal double standard. I also discuss briefly some issues that arise if we take the view seriously. (Could we observe a time- reversing future, for example?)
[ { "created": "Fri, 15 Oct 1993 04:39:37 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2009-09-25
[ [ "Price", "Huw", "" ] ]
It is widely accepted that temporal asymmetry is largely a cosmological problem; the task of explaining temporal asymmetry reduces in the main to that of explaining an aspect of the condition of the early universe. However, cosmologists who discuss these issues often make mistakes similar to those that plagued nineteenth century discussions of the statistical foundations of thermodynamics. In particular, they are often guilty of applying temporal "double standards" of various kinds---e.g., in failing to recognise that certain statistical arguments apply with equal force in either temporal direction. This paper aims to clarify the issue as to what would count as adequate explanation of cosmological time asymmetry. A particular concern is the question whether it is possible to explain why entropy is low near the Big Bang without showing that it must also be low near a Big Crunch, in the event that the universe recollapses. I criticise some of the objections raised to this possibility, showing that these too often depend on a temporal double standard. I also discuss briefly some issues that arise if we take the view seriously. (Could we observe a time- reversing future, for example?)
gr-qc/0507020
L\'aszl\'o \'A Gergely
L\'aszl\'o \'A. Gergely, Zolt\'an Kov\'acs
Gravitational dynamics in s+1+1 dimensions
published version, typo in Eq. (47) corrected
Phys.Rev. D72 (2005) 064015
10.1103/PhysRevD.72.064015
null
gr-qc astro-ph hep-th
null
We present the concomitant decomposition of an (s+2)-dimensional spacetime both with respect to a timelike and a spacelike direction. The formalism we develop is suited for the study of the initial value problem and for canonical gravitational dynamics in brane-world scenarios. The bulk metric is replaced by two sets of variables. The first set consist of one tensorial (the induced metric $g_{ij}$), one vectorial ($M^{i}$) and one scalar ($M$) dynamical quantity, all defined on the s-space. Their time evolutions are related to the second fundamental form (the extrinsic curvature $K_{ij}$), the normal fundamental form ($\mathcal{K}^{i}$) and normal fundamental scalar ($\mathcal{K}$), respectively. The non-dynamical set of variables is given by the lapse function and the shift vector, which however has one component less. The missing component is due to the externally imposed constraint, which states that physical trajectories are confined to the (s+1)-dimensional brane. The pair of dynamical variables ($g_{ij}$, $K_{ij}$), well-known from the ADM-decomposition is supplemented by the pairs ($M^{i}$, $\mathcal{K}^{i}$) and ($M$, $\mathcal{K}$) due to the bulk curvature. We give all projections of the junction condition across the brane and prove that for a perfect fluid brane neither of the dynamical variables has jump across the brane. Finally we complete the set of equations needed for gravitational dynamics by deriving the evolution equations of $K_{ij}$, $\mathcal{K}^{i}$ and $\mathcal{K}$ on a brane with arbitrary matter.
[ { "created": "Wed, 6 Jul 2005 13:56:36 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Mon, 6 Mar 2006 13:41:08 GMT", "version": "v2" } ]
2009-11-11
[ [ "Gergely", "László Á.", "" ], [ "Kovács", "Zoltán", "" ] ]
We present the concomitant decomposition of an (s+2)-dimensional spacetime both with respect to a timelike and a spacelike direction. The formalism we develop is suited for the study of the initial value problem and for canonical gravitational dynamics in brane-world scenarios. The bulk metric is replaced by two sets of variables. The first set consist of one tensorial (the induced metric $g_{ij}$), one vectorial ($M^{i}$) and one scalar ($M$) dynamical quantity, all defined on the s-space. Their time evolutions are related to the second fundamental form (the extrinsic curvature $K_{ij}$), the normal fundamental form ($\mathcal{K}^{i}$) and normal fundamental scalar ($\mathcal{K}$), respectively. The non-dynamical set of variables is given by the lapse function and the shift vector, which however has one component less. The missing component is due to the externally imposed constraint, which states that physical trajectories are confined to the (s+1)-dimensional brane. The pair of dynamical variables ($g_{ij}$, $K_{ij}$), well-known from the ADM-decomposition is supplemented by the pairs ($M^{i}$, $\mathcal{K}^{i}$) and ($M$, $\mathcal{K}$) due to the bulk curvature. We give all projections of the junction condition across the brane and prove that for a perfect fluid brane neither of the dynamical variables has jump across the brane. Finally we complete the set of equations needed for gravitational dynamics by deriving the evolution equations of $K_{ij}$, $\mathcal{K}^{i}$ and $\mathcal{K}$ on a brane with arbitrary matter.
2310.05591
Lei Ming
Lei Ming, Shi-Dong Liang, Hong-Hao Zhang and Tiberiu Harko
From the Weyl-Schr\"{o}dinger connection to the accelerating Universe -- extending Einstein's gravity via a length preserving nonmetricity
21 pages, 11 figures
null
null
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
One of the important extensions of Riemann geometry is Weyl geometry, which is essentially based on the ideas of conformal invariance and nonmetricity. A similar non-Riemannian geometry was proposed by Erwin Schr\"{o}dinger in the late 1940s, in a geometry which is simpler, and (probably) more elegant than the Weyl geometry. Even it contains nonmetricity, the Schr\"{o}dinger connection preserves the length of vectors under parallel transport, and thus seems to be more physical than the Weyl connection. Interestingly enough, Schr\"{o}dinger's approach did not attract much interest in the field of gravitational physics. It is the goal of the present paper to reconsider the Schr\"{o}dinger geometry as a potential candidate for a gravitational theory extending standard general relativity. We consider a gravitational action constructed from a length preserving non-metricity, in the absence of torsion, and investigate its variation in both Palatini and metric formalisms. While the Palatini variation leads to standard general relativity, the metric version of the theory adds some non-metricity dependent extra terms in the gravitational Einstein equations, which can be interpreted as representing a geometric type dark energy. After obtaining the generalized Friedmann equations, we analyze in detail the cosmological implications of the theory, by considering two distinct models, corresponding to a dark energy satisfying a linear equation of state, and to conserved matter energy, respectively. In both cases we compare the predictions of the Weyl-Schr\"{o}dinger cosmology with a set of observational data for the Hubble function, and with the results of the $\Lambda$CDM standard paradigm.
[ { "created": "Mon, 9 Oct 2023 10:22:44 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2023-10-10
[ [ "Ming", "Lei", "" ], [ "Liang", "Shi-Dong", "" ], [ "Zhang", "Hong-Hao", "" ], [ "Harko", "Tiberiu", "" ] ]
One of the important extensions of Riemann geometry is Weyl geometry, which is essentially based on the ideas of conformal invariance and nonmetricity. A similar non-Riemannian geometry was proposed by Erwin Schr\"{o}dinger in the late 1940s, in a geometry which is simpler, and (probably) more elegant than the Weyl geometry. Even it contains nonmetricity, the Schr\"{o}dinger connection preserves the length of vectors under parallel transport, and thus seems to be more physical than the Weyl connection. Interestingly enough, Schr\"{o}dinger's approach did not attract much interest in the field of gravitational physics. It is the goal of the present paper to reconsider the Schr\"{o}dinger geometry as a potential candidate for a gravitational theory extending standard general relativity. We consider a gravitational action constructed from a length preserving non-metricity, in the absence of torsion, and investigate its variation in both Palatini and metric formalisms. While the Palatini variation leads to standard general relativity, the metric version of the theory adds some non-metricity dependent extra terms in the gravitational Einstein equations, which can be interpreted as representing a geometric type dark energy. After obtaining the generalized Friedmann equations, we analyze in detail the cosmological implications of the theory, by considering two distinct models, corresponding to a dark energy satisfying a linear equation of state, and to conserved matter energy, respectively. In both cases we compare the predictions of the Weyl-Schr\"{o}dinger cosmology with a set of observational data for the Hubble function, and with the results of the $\Lambda$CDM standard paradigm.
2208.11913
Lijing Shao
Ziming Wang, Junjie Zhao, Zihe An, Lijing Shao, Zhoujian Cao
Simultaneous bounds on the gravitational dipole radiation and varying gravitational constant from compact binary inspirals
16 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables; accepted by Physics Letters B
Physics Letters B 834 (2022) 137416
10.1016/j.physletb.2022.137416
null
gr-qc astro-ph.HE
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Compact binaries are an important class of gravitational-wave (GW) sources that can be detected by current and future GW observatories. They provide a testbed for general relativity (GR) in the highly dynamical strong-field regime. Here, we use GWs from inspiraling binary neutron stars and binary black holes to investigate dipolar gravitational radiation (DGR) and varying gravitational constant predicted by some alternative theories to GR, such as the scalar-tensor gravity. Within the parametrized post-Einsteinian framework, we introduce the parametrization of these two effects simultaneously into compact binaries' inspiral waveform and perform the Fisher-information-matrix analysis to estimate their simultaneous bounds. In general, the space-based GW detectors can give a tighter limit than ground-based ones. The tightest constraints can reach $\sigma_B<3\times10^{-11}$ for the DGR parameter $B$ and $\sigma_{\dot{G}}/G < 7\times10^{-9} \, {\rm yr}^{-1} $ for the varying $G$, when the time to coalescence of the GW event is close to the lifetime of space-based detectors. In addition, we analyze the correlation between these two effects and highlight the importance of considering both effects in order to arrive at more realistic results.
[ { "created": "Thu, 25 Aug 2022 07:50:53 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2022-09-12
[ [ "Wang", "Ziming", "" ], [ "Zhao", "Junjie", "" ], [ "An", "Zihe", "" ], [ "Shao", "Lijing", "" ], [ "Cao", "Zhoujian", "" ] ]
Compact binaries are an important class of gravitational-wave (GW) sources that can be detected by current and future GW observatories. They provide a testbed for general relativity (GR) in the highly dynamical strong-field regime. Here, we use GWs from inspiraling binary neutron stars and binary black holes to investigate dipolar gravitational radiation (DGR) and varying gravitational constant predicted by some alternative theories to GR, such as the scalar-tensor gravity. Within the parametrized post-Einsteinian framework, we introduce the parametrization of these two effects simultaneously into compact binaries' inspiral waveform and perform the Fisher-information-matrix analysis to estimate their simultaneous bounds. In general, the space-based GW detectors can give a tighter limit than ground-based ones. The tightest constraints can reach $\sigma_B<3\times10^{-11}$ for the DGR parameter $B$ and $\sigma_{\dot{G}}/G < 7\times10^{-9} \, {\rm yr}^{-1} $ for the varying $G$, when the time to coalescence of the GW event is close to the lifetime of space-based detectors. In addition, we analyze the correlation between these two effects and highlight the importance of considering both effects in order to arrive at more realistic results.
gr-qc/0512156
Gamal Nashed G.L.
Gamal G.L. Nashed
Axially symmetric solution in Teleparallel Theory of Gravitation
9 pages, Latex
null
null
null
gr-qc
null
An exact solution has an axial symmetry is obtained in the teleparallel theory of gravitation. The associated metric has the structure function G(xi)=1-xi^2-2mA(xi)^3. The cubic nature of the structure function can make calculations cumbersome. Using a coordinate transformation we get a tetrad that its associated metric has the structure function in a factorisable form. This new form has the advantage that its roots are now trivial to write down. The singularities of the obtained tetrad are studied. Using another coordinate transformation we get a tetrad that its associated metric gives the Schwarzschild spacetime. Calculate the energy content of this tetrad we get a meaningless result!
[ { "created": "Wed, 28 Dec 2005 09:12:54 GMT", "version": "v1" } ]
2007-05-23
[ [ "Nashed", "Gamal G. L.", "" ] ]
An exact solution has an axial symmetry is obtained in the teleparallel theory of gravitation. The associated metric has the structure function G(xi)=1-xi^2-2mA(xi)^3. The cubic nature of the structure function can make calculations cumbersome. Using a coordinate transformation we get a tetrad that its associated metric has the structure function in a factorisable form. This new form has the advantage that its roots are now trivial to write down. The singularities of the obtained tetrad are studied. Using another coordinate transformation we get a tetrad that its associated metric gives the Schwarzschild spacetime. Calculate the energy content of this tetrad we get a meaningless result!
2005.10024
Hossein Mohseni Sadjadi
H. Mohseni Sadjadi
On cosmic acceleration in four dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
major revision, 17 pages, typos corrected, accepted by Physics of the Dark Universe
Phys. Dark Univ. 30, 100728 (2020)
10.1016/j.dark.2020.100728
null
gr-qc
http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/
We study the possibility that in the model introduced in \cite{GBN}, the Gauss-Bonnet term alone gives rise to the cosmic acceleration and super-acceleration in four-dimensional FLRW space-time at the late time. We also discuss transitions from deceleration to acceleration and acceleration to super-acceleration. We show that the Gauss-Bonnet invariant can drive the acceleration in the low redshift provided that its regularized coefficient has the same order as the squared of the ratio of the reduced Planck mass to the Hubble parameter.
[ { "created": "Tue, 19 May 2020 10:43:15 GMT", "version": "v1" }, { "created": "Wed, 1 Jul 2020 10:00:12 GMT", "version": "v2" }, { "created": "Fri, 3 Jul 2020 09:24:28 GMT", "version": "v3" }, { "created": "Thu, 24 Sep 2020 12:58:09 GMT", "version": "v4" } ]
2021-04-26
[ [ "Sadjadi", "H. Mohseni", "" ] ]
We study the possibility that in the model introduced in \cite{GBN}, the Gauss-Bonnet term alone gives rise to the cosmic acceleration and super-acceleration in four-dimensional FLRW space-time at the late time. We also discuss transitions from deceleration to acceleration and acceleration to super-acceleration. We show that the Gauss-Bonnet invariant can drive the acceleration in the low redshift provided that its regularized coefficient has the same order as the squared of the ratio of the reduced Planck mass to the Hubble parameter.