Project Manager: Right uh . So um . So where's the PowerPoint presentation ? Sorry ? Microsoft PowerPoint , right . Right , okay . So . Right . Okay , so we've got uh so we've got new project requirements . Um . Sobasically we've got three things , and we've got forty minutes in which to uh {disfmarker} for this meeting to uh to discuss the various options . Um . Three presentations .Industrial Designer: We have a {disfmarker} Iguess we have a presentation each , 'cause I've got one . Um .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: Yeah ,Project Manager: I see , right .Marketing: I've got one too .Project Manager: That's nice to know , one from each ofyou . Um new project requirements . Um so do we want to do the presentation first , or do we want to um {disfmarker} W I I got um {gap} or or three things basically , um relating to the remote being only for T_V_ .We discussed that last timeIndustrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: and in actual fact that was pr pretty well what we came up with anyway .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: So in fact it actually f wewon't be forestalled {vocalsound} in a sense .Marketing: Mm-hmm .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {gap}Project Manager: Um we've got uh teletext outdated . Um did you get any information on that?Industrial Designer: Uh we didn't , no .User Interface: No .Project Manager: Right and the corporate image was the uh final thing .Industrial Designer: I d I didn't personally .Marketing: Hmm .Project Manager: So I Igot that in email form .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um . Right okay . So I guess if we go ahead with the uh with the three presentations . So we'll start with yourself on the basis that uh{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Okay that's fine . I'll just um I'll grab the wire out the back of this one .Project Manager: Sorry , yep .Industrial Designer: {gap}User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh .{vocalsound}User Interface: What is it ?Industrial Designer: I'm not quite sure how it {disfmarker}User Interface: I think you've got to do um control F_ eight .Industrial Designer: Control {gap} {disfmarker} Doesn'tseem to be quite working at the moment .User Interface: Shift F_ eight . {vocalsound} {gap}Industrial Designer: Alt function F_ eight . {vocalsound} Again not doing anything .Marketing: {vocalsound} There's usuallya little thing in the top right for the {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Oh .User Interface: Ah there ,Marketing: Oh hang on ,User Interface: it's doing something .Marketing: it's just coming on .Industrial Designer: {gap}pressed about five times now .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Okay , that's me {gap} . Okay , um I have to go {gap} again .Project Manager: {gap} it going ?IndustrialDesigner: Hopefully that should be it this time . Okay , I think we're there . That's good . Okay , um {disfmarker} Okay I'm gonna be looking at the working design . Um {vocalsound} of the of the remote control . UmI've just got three sections , first is the research I made on the on the remote control itself um . And then that involves the components required in it and the systems uh design of the actual the actual remote . Um sohaving researched the existing models within the market , um I found my research off the internet . Um I've established what the components required for the remote control to function , actually are . And then also themethods in which these components interact together for the remote to actually do what you want it to do and how it connects with the television . Um the basic components are an energy source which I guess um inmost existing models would be a battery supply . Whether that'll be sort of two batteries , four batteries , um it may vary .Project Manager: Okay .Industrial Designer: We then have the user interface , which is basicallythe like the the buttons on the actual remote . Um the various functions used for changing channel , uh channel up and down , volume , things like that . Um there's also a chip inside the remote which does all thecomputer type things . And then the sender , which um is usually , I've found , an infra-red device which sends a signal to the actual television . Um and the last part is receiver which is important in the system but isnot actually part of the remote itself , because that's obviously found in the television . {gap} . Um I'm gonna have to actually draw on the board because uh it was a little tricky on PowerPoint to get this working , so .I'll just go through there . S um um do we have a cloth to wipe this down with , or ? Oh I'll jProject Manager: Uh there's the rubber on the right , I think .User Interface: I think it's that little {disfmarker}IndustrialDesigner: Oh I see . Oh okay . I'll get rid of the bear.$Project Manager: {gap} it's magic . {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Okay that's great . Okay , so we start off with a um battery suppl Uhno , a power supply which we'd probably get {disfmarker} it's probably gonna be the battery . Um we then have a particular button , which may be {disfmarker} {gap} that's obviously there's lots and lots of differentbuttons . Um but this is how the basic system works . Um that sends {gap} after you press that that sends the message to the chip , which um then sends {disfmarker} It sort of interprets which button you've pressedand then sends the appropriate message to the sender . {vocalsound} Um . So that's {gap} . That's the remote in itself , that's the components of the remote and how they work together . So this is the uh userinterface . Um this is the chip itself , which then {gap} , and that's the that's the infra-red sender . And then on the separate thing we have on the on the television we have a a receiver . And the sender sends amessage to the receiver . 'Kay .Project Manager: So the the top bit's the power source , yes ? {gap} .Industrial Designer: Ah yes , that's the power source . Um . {gap} going on to personal preferences , I've said thatbattery seems the best option for the actual remote , just because of the size . You don't want a a cable attached to the remote otherwise it's not it's not really a remote . Um and then the sender ,Marketing:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: and infra-red um has been used quite successfully . If the battery's on reasonable power , they always seem to work fairly well . You don't have to be point directly at the televisionitself .Project Manager: So the battery is the {disfmarker} in the sender .Industrial Designer: Um {disfmarker} Yes . 'Kay and that's it for the moment .Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: Okay . So , now more design .{vocalsound}User Interface: Right . Thank you . Mine's not quite as complicated as all that .Project Manager: {vocalsound} That's what we like to hear . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Did I press function ?Yeah .Project Manager: Is it control function ei Oh , th there you go .User Interface: Oh . Um . Okay so I'm gonna talk a bit about the technical functions design . I'm Louisa , the User Interface Designer , as you know .{vocalsound} Um so the m basic method of this is to send a signal from the remote to the television set , so that a desired function is performed . Um an example of the function could be to change the volume up ordown , uh so obviously you need two different buttons for that . Um to change the channel , either by pressing the number that you want or by channel up or down . Um to switch the television on or off , maybe astandby button . Um here are two example remotes . Um by the look of it they both have um kind of play and fast forward , rewind functions , so I think they incorporate a kind of video function which we won't have toworry about . Uh but as you can see , the left remote is quite um quite busy looking , quite complicated . Um whereas the right remote is much simpler , it looks much more user friendly . Um so my personal preferencewould be the right remote . So , {vocalsound} it's got nice big buttons , it's got a very limited number of buttons . Um they're nice , kinda clearly labelled . Um I like the use of the kind of um symbols like the trianglesand the squares and the arrows as well as the words on the um kind of play functions and all that . So it's very very user friendly , and it's got a little splash of colour . Could maybe do with some more colour . Um.Project Manager: Well there's a couple of things there . Um we have to remember that we have our own um logo and colour scheme . So basically we'd have to uh we'd have to be putting that on um the the product.User Interface: Hmm . Do we get to see that ?Project Manager: {vocalsound} I haven't as yet , no .User Interface: Will you be presenting that in a bit ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} But uh I got uh Igot an email that basically said to uh make sure that uh whatever device we come up with at the end of the day had to incorporate um the corporate colour and slogan . So uh I'm guessing that uh uh I notice on thebottom there it's got uh what's that ? A_P_O_G_E_E_ that might be the corporate colour scheme , although the only the only colour I can see in that is the red .Industrial Designer: {gap}User Interface: Hmm.Industrial Designer: Would you be able to get rid of the the extra buttons here , the the sort of circular section , because that seems to be for a video as well . So we could dispense with that little bit as well and just getit down to just the numbers and the volume . Possibly ?User Interface: What do you mean by the circular section ?Industrial Designer: J yeah yeah yeah j yeahUser Interface: Like all of that bottom bit ?ProjectManager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: just this little bit is that {disfmarker} I think that's still um a video remote part ,User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: so maybe we could get rid of that as well .UserInterface: Yeah . And I don't really think that you need nine numbers .Project Manager: Well b uh wUser Interface: I mean how often do you use seven , eight and nine ? I think just one to six and then channel up anddown should be enough .Project Manager: Well th the on the {disfmarker} {vocalsound}User Interface: Like how often do you hit nine ?Project Manager: Well uh for for general television purposes obviously you havechannels one to five at this point in time ,Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: and we'd have to have some room for uh future such channels . But but {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: It's just people are used toseeing that , so if we didn't have them then they might think it's {disfmarker} {gap}Project Manager: But , well possibly but the the other thing is that with um the current expansion of uh channels uh in the process oftaking place , certainly the button up and down , but uh I mean {vocalsound} how many channels do we have to um {disfmarker} actual television channels do we have to uh prepare for ? I would have thought that uh{gap} it's forever expanding and at the moment we've got {disfmarker} although you've onl you've got the five standard , you've got the B_B_C_ have come up with a further sixIndustrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: and uh there's uh I don't know exactly how many channels there are on uh when you take into account uh Sky and various other um various others .Marketing: Mm-hmm .IndustrialDesigner: Hmm .Project Manager: So I would've thought that we wouldn't , you know , rather {disfmarker}User Interface: Hmm .Project Manager: Okay , if the time of flicking from one to other , but presumably it'lltake a secondUser Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: 'cause you have to be able to stop it . Maybe you could have a fast forward on the on the channels that w and then you could dispense with more otherwise .Y you'd want you'd want to get fairly quickly to the channel that you wanted .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Um some remotes have kind of favourite options where if you always flickfrom channel one to channel six , um if that's a favourite you just like by-pass two to five .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: {gap}Project Manager: Yeah , I s I suppose in a sense you could have um ifyou've got a hundred channels then if you had sort of an easy way of getting {disfmarker} rather than having to go one to a hundred , you could go one to one to ten , ten to twentyIndustrial Designer: {gap}UserInterface: Hmm .Project Manager: and then have a second button to get you to the actual channel you wantMarketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: and that would cut down your time .User Interface: Mm . Um .ProjectManager: Anyway .User Interface: But I think a lot of um like Cable and Sky and stuff , that would be tuned to one channel , and then you'd have another remote for all of those channels .Industrial Designer: Okay ,yeah .User Interface: Like to get to fifty five and the higher numbers {disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Whatever .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay . Okay .Limit the number of buttons , user friendly .User Interface: But I suppose nine's not really excessive .Industrial Designer: I suppose with nine you've got the the like the last one which makes the tenth means you{disfmarker} uh it's like uh multiples you can put them together so you can make any number .User Interface: I suppose it does make a good pattern .Industrial Designer: So with that we'd kind of by-pass anyproblems with {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah Well that's true , yeah ,Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: you could get fifty by five and a zero or whatever , that that makes sense .Industrial Designer:Yeah . 'Cause that facilitates having all the numbers you could ever need .Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Um .Project Manager: Does .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: So w so what was the circularthing that you were {disfmarker}User Interface: Okay . Um I think that's just for a video , so we wouldn't need any of that at all .Industrial Designer: So we could get it down to what ?Project Manager: If it's just forT_V_ , which is what it is at the moment .User Interface: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: So we get to {disfmarker} How many buttons have we got ? We've just got ten , eleven twelve th We got fourteen that we need .I guess .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: Um which isn't really too many . That'll be quite easy to make a user guide for a fourteen button remote .Project Manager: Mm-hmm . Well we've we've got um thatit's remote for T_V_ only otherwise project would become too complex with uh which would endanger the time to market {vocalsound} was one of the considerations .Industrial Designer: 'Kay .Project Manager: I'm{disfmarker} I don't know d did you have that information behind the marketing ,Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: or was I meant to give you that information ?Marketing: Um I'm not sure . I had I've had somemarket information ,Project Manager: Right .Marketing: but not from the company , no .Project Manager: Right , okay , so basically time to market seems to be important , therefore speed of delivery .IndustrialDesigner: 'Kay .Project Manager: We've only got about another four hours left . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {gap}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay , so is everyonehappy with that ?Industrial Designer: Ah yes yes , that seems good .Marketing: Okay .User Interface: Right well that's the end of my presentation .Marketing: 'Kay . I'm gonna pull this off . {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: I think if you just give it a second to maybe catch up .Project Manager: Yeah , I think she said twenty seconds to um {disfmarker}Marketing: Uh-huh .Industrial Designer: I'm sure we'll have by the end oftoday .Marketing: Okay . {vocalsound} I'll give it another go . Yeah , there we go . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {gap}Marketing: Right , we've done some research into the functional requirements that peoplewant out of their remote control . And first off we should state that th the remote control's for controlling the T_V_ and um how do people use it ? We asked them sort of which buttons were useful for them . Um how dhow does a remote control look and feel for them , and what improvements would would they like to remote control . And we did that by sort of giving them a questionnaire that we'd prepared and asking them to fill inthe answers . And three quarters of them found that remote controls are ugly and that a sort of even higher proportion would spend more for a sort of s uh a fancier remote control And that of all the buttons on theremote control , the sort of setting buttons for sort of the picture picture and brightness and the audio settings , um they weren't used very often at all . People concentrated on the channel buttons and the volumebuttons and the power buttons . Uh we also asked them about speech recognition uh for remote control . And young people were quite receptive to this , but as soon as we got sort of over about into a thirty five to fortyage {disfmarker} forty five age group and older , people people weren't quite so keen on speech recognition . There's a lot more th there's a lot lot more older people who didn't know whether they wanted it or not aswell . Um we also asked what frustrated people about remote controls and the number one frustration was that the remote was lost somewhere else in the room and that they couldn't find it . And the second secondbiggest frustration what that if they got a new remote control , it was difficult to learn um all the buttons and all the functions , and to find your way around it . {vocalsound} Okay , so {disfmarker} My personalpreferences from the marketing is that we need to come up with some {vocalsound} sort of sleek sort of good looking high high-tech {disfmarker} A design which looks high-tech , basically . Um and that we shouldcome up with fewer buttons than most of the controls on the market , and we should sort of concentrate on the channels and sort of power , and also volume and that sort of thing , as as Louisa said . Um we couldmaybe come up with a menu , a sort of a an L_C_D_ menu for other functions on the remote control . That's worth thinking about . Um and maybe we could think about speech recognition as well , because um sort ofyoung people are perhaps the ones that are gonna buy buy our new product if we aim it at sort of you know sort of a high-tech design . That that might be the market that we're we're looking for . And we could maybethink about using speech recogniti recognition as a way to find the remote control if it's lost in a room , rather than sort of um having it to {vocalsound} speech recognition to change the channels . 'Cause there's aproblem with that in that the television makes noise , so it could end up talking to itself and changing its channel .Industrial Designer: Mm .Marketing: {vocalsound} Okay um , and that's the end of the slide show .That's it . Cool .Project Manager: What was that last wee bit there ?User Interface: Do {gap} a lot of um {disfmarker}Marketing: Um about speech recognition ?Project Manager: Speech recognition ,User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: But that was only for young people that preferred it , older people didn't .Marketing: Youn young people pref Yeah , they s they said that they'd be interested in a remotecontrol which offered that possibility and as you go up through the age groups , people got less and less interested in sort of a a remote control that you could talk to , so .Industrial Designer: No what I maybe think isum it seems the technology would be quite advanced for that and they might end up costing more than our twelve fifty budget for for the speech recognition . Um .Project Manager: Well that's right .Marketing: Yeah .Yeah . Yeah .Industrial Designer: And possibly the thing about the about the remote being lost we could have {disfmarker} You know with your mobile phone , you lose that and you can ring it . Maybe we can havesome kind of sensor which is kept somewhere where you can {disfmarker} {gap} some kind of buzzer system between the two . So you can press a button which is always kept in one placeMarketing: Yeah .IndustrialDesigner: and then it maybe buzzes to somewhere else , wherever the remote actually is .Marketing: Uh-huh . Yeah . Yeah , we'd have t that would mean we'd have to put two products together as well ,IndustrialDesigner: That is true , yes .Marketing: which which again would probably be a bit expensive , but {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Hmm .User Interface: There's key rings um that you kind of whistle at or clap at , Ican't remember , and then they whistle back , or something like that .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Sounds reasonable .User Interface: That'd probably be really simple ,Marketing: Yeah .User Interface: they'recheap .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Yeah . So {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: So I guess it'd be something we could like attach to the {disfmarker} or like the same technology


Project Manager: Okay . {vocalsound} Je croix que c'est dommage de le {disfmarker} it will be sad to destroy this prototype . It really looks like a banana .User Interface: {vocalsound} It is a banana .Project Manager:It is a banana . {vocalsound}User Interface: It is the essence of bananas . I would be confused with this thing .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Mm .IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}User Interface: SProject Manager: Okay .Marketing: Mm-hmm . {vocalsound}User Interface: How is everyone ?Project Manager: Hi .Industrial Designer: Hi .Project Manager: So we are here forthe detailed design meeting .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} So {vocalsound}User Interface: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: we will uh {disfmarker} I will first present what we are going to do inthis meeting . Then uh I've {disfmarker} I will also take notes during this meeting and I will send you uh a summary then as usual . We will then look at the evaluation criteria of the prototype presented by uh our twocolleagues that make good work .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} And uh then we will see the financial aspects and the cost of the product . Then we will uhevaluate the product . And uh end with the conclusion of this project and see whether it fits with {disfmarker} it fulf if it fulfil the requirement or not . SoIndustrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: d let's start withthe cost aspect so so I look at the aspect discussed last time , that is to say uh to have a standard battery , {vocalsound} to have a yellow banana shaped uh case with uh a rubber material around itIndustrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: to be uh to feel spongy ,User Interface: Like a banana .Project Manager: {vocalsound} and uh also at the different aspect like having a wheel etcetera .Marketing: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: And the cost ended to be ten point seven Euros . So which is uh good , because we had a price gap of twelve point five Euros .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Sofor the financial aspect it's okay , we can uh {disfmarker} we can continue with this product uh as if ,Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} and we are now going to see the project evaluation with uhour marketing expert .Marketing: {vocalsound} Yeah . Okay . So uh you can have my project in {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah . You have a presentation ?Marketing: Uh yeah just a {disfmarker}Project Manager:Participant four , yes .Marketing: {vocalsound} Four . Evaluation .Project Manager: Okay . Okay .Marketing: Okay . So you can go . We can go through .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: So I made an evaluation andthe the evaluation criteria is made according to {vocalsound} the users' requirements and the market trends we talked about uh during the previous uh meetings . So you can go through and {disfmarker}ProjectManager: Okay .Marketing: okay so uh we have uh six points . We we talked about before .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: So we we want to have a product fancy look and feel , technologically innovative , easy touse , fashion , {vocalsound} easy to find in a room , and robust ,Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Marketing: uh and uh uh I have a scale of uh seven points .Project Manager: Yeah .Marketing:Okay . So I go through all the uh all the points here ,Project Manager: Yeah .Marketing: and uh according to what you think about the this project you can uh mm make a one point , two point or seven point . Okay?Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: And after we ha we have an an average , and uh we see .Project Manager: Okay .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Marketing: The {disfmarker} okay ? {vocalsound} Uh so uh fancylook and feel , what do you think ?Project Manager: Okay . Maybe you can presen {vocalsound}Marketing: F between o one and seven .Project Manager: okay . Maybe {disfmarker} {vocalsound} hold it .Marketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} So I think it's uh very uh very nice . What do you think ?User Interface: I give it a {disfmarker} I give it a five .Project Manager: Yeah . So it's between one and seven ?Seven is the highest uh ?Marketing: Yeah . {vocalsound} Seven is the {disfmarker}Project Manager: I will give a six .Industrial Designer: I will give a a five .Marketing: {vocalsound} Mm-hmm .User Interface:{vocalsound} And you ?Marketing: {gap} sorry .User Interface: Do you vote uh Christine ?Marketing: {gap} eh ?User Interface: Do you also vote ?Marketing: {vocalsound} No , I just want to see something{disfmarker}Project Manager: Maybe we all have to agree on a common {disfmarker}User Interface: Well , we can {gap} very easily {vocalsound} .Project Manager: Yeah .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: Uh I think uh {gap} {vocalsound} and need to {gap} as well {vocalsound} .Project Manager: No problem . SoUser Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Need to{disfmarker}Project Manager: this is your {disfmarker}Marketing: uh I don't know if you {disfmarker} we ha we have to put uh one uh f If it's better or {disfmarker}Project Manager: One is most {gap} .UserInterface: I {disfmarker}Marketing: Uh-uh .Project Manager: Well , we can choose what we want .Marketing: Um . Yeah .Project Manager: Okay , let's say that seven is the best .Marketing: Or maybe we can say sseven is the best mm {vocalsound} .Project Manager: Okay . So so do note the grade we have five , six for me ,Industrial Designer: Five .Project Manager: five . And what what's your choice ?Marketing: Oh sorry .{vocalsound}Project Manager: How much would you give on the fancy aspect , on the fashionable aspect ?Marketing: Six {disfmarker} Uh s you can {disfmarker} how much what ?Project Manager: How much wouldyou {disfmarker} you don't answer to this uh questionnaire ?Marketing: Oh yes I mm I dunno mm , I think six , it's a good uh {disfmarker}User Interface: So it will have five point five average .Project Manager: Fivepoint five average .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay .User Interface: Mm .Marketing: Wa can {gap} . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: Well , does it{disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound} I sorry .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Okay . So after , the technological aspect ?Project Manager: Okay , techne technological aspect .Marketing: So we we said uh wehave uh a new technological uh thing with a wheel .Project Manager: Yeah , we have the wheel . We also have the rubber material ,Marketing: Uh .Project Manager: which make it uh like new also . I think I would give afive .User Interface: It's {gap} four .Project Manager: Four ?Industrial Designer: A four also , because , except for the wheel , we don't have so much innovation .User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: The rubber is{disfmarker}Project Manager: Okay .Industrial Designer: Uh a four . I I {disfmarker}User Interface: D are we including the voice {disfmarker} are you glu are we including the voice in the end or not ? Huh ?ProjectManager: No .User Interface: No . Okay .Project Manager: SoMarketing: No .Project Manager: what's your uh grade ?Marketing: Four .Project Manager: Four ? So we have four , four f and five ?Marketing: We can putfour ?User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah , four . Four , yeah , let's put four .User Interface: For twenty five .Marketing: Everyone is okay or {disfmarker} four poin Four .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: Okay.Project Manager: Doesn't it {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Marketing: Very easy to use . Do you think it's easy to use ?Project Manager: Yeah , I think so . Yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: I give a seven , Ithink .Industrial Designer: Six .Project Manager: I would give a {disfmarker} I would give a seven as well . It's very easy to use .Industrial Designer: Six .Marketing: Mm , six for me also .Project Manager: SoUserInterface: 'Kay .Marketing: Six point five . {vocalsound}Project Manager: six point five .Industrial Designer: Six six six point five .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: Okay . {vocalsound} Is it fashion ?{vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh yeah ,User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: its its f its fruit fruit shape .Marketing: Seven ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: I would say seven . And is very very nice design.Marketing: Yeah it's fashion , because it's a fruit ,User Interface: Yeah , we can we can put a seven here .Marketing: and we say that the {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah , seven .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing:yeah , seven .Project Manager: Yeah . Seven , okay .User Interface: Yeah . Well , we hope .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Easy to find .Marketing: {vocalsound} Uh easy to find in a room ? {vocalsound}ProjectManager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I lost my banana . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Project Manager: I think you can't miss it .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah.Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: Yeah ?Industrial Designer: Uh .User Interface: Yeah , I think it's cool . I think we can put a six here .Marketing: We have the lightning , or {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah , wehave {vocalsound} the {vocalsound}Marketing: The lighting .Project Manager: we don't sesh especially have the lightningUser Interface: {vocalsound} So you'll make the material transparentProject Manager: but{disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: so that it uh lights up completely , or {disfmarker}Project Manager: So it's yellow . It's okay .Marketing: {vocalsound} Yeah . {gap}Project Manager: I think it'svery easy to {vocalsound} {disfmarker}Marketing: Seven ?Project Manager: I would say seven . It's hard to miss it .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Six . Yeah , okay .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: Is it{disfmarker} is it robust ?Project Manager: Yeah , it's rubber , made of rubber ,Industrial Designer: Uh f yeah , it's ru it's rubber .Project Manager: I think it's m it's uh more rubber than uh other remote control.Industrial Designer: Yeah . {vocalsound}User Interface: Yeah the only problem there might be {disfmarker} which {gap} know , i if it's very sensitive ,Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: they will ,IndustrialDesigner: Yeah .User Interface: I don't know {disfmarker}Project Manager: But it is uh {disfmarker} it is surrounded by rubber material .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah , okay .Project Manager: Somaybe we can put a six .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Mm .Marketing: {vocalsound} Everybody is okay , six .Industrial Designer: Six or five . Five {vocalsound}Project Manager: Six is okay ?UserInterface: Six , yeah , for me .Industrial Designer: Six .Marketing: Yeah . {vocalsound} Okay .Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: S now {vocalsound} um so .Project Manager: Tadada . We haveto sum up everything .User Interface: Twenty .Marketing: Thirteen uh , twenty , twenty six point five , uh seven , thirty two , thirty six {gap} .User Interface: Thirty . ThirMarketing: That's that's okay ? Six .ProjectManager: {vocalsound} Six is a good {disfmarker}User Interface: Okay .Marketing: Good . Uh if we say that seven it's uh it's the better ,Project Manager: Yeah , the be .Industrial Designer: {gap}User Interface: Yeah ,the top {disfmarker}Marketing: and when uh s six sit six are good {disfmarker} it's a good uh p product , I think .Project Manager: Okay , so six is a {disfmarker}User Interface: Mm . So will become eight soon?Project Manager: So it's a good evaluation , I think . It's very promising .User Interface: Yeah , well it's a bit biased . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Huh .Marketing: We have a good price and uh {vocalsound}.Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: So this prototype is quite nice . {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay .Marketing: Good .User Interface: Because I saw uh some phones that were banana shaped , uh wirelessphones not mobile ones , wireless for the house ,Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah . Okay .User Interface: uh quite big also ,Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: and they were selling {gap}something like a hundred Euros , two hundred Euros .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Just a {vocalsound} just a phone , wireless .Project Manager: So having this at twenty five Euros is uh quiteattractive , I think .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: I think the {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: But almo also the complexity between a phone and a remote control is not{disfmarker} cannot compare .User Interface: Yeah . Yeah ,Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: it's much more complex , but {disfmarker}Project Manager: So , I think , we can summarise . So we have seen theprototype . It's very nice according to the work of our two designer .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: The the the financial aspect were okay . We we have the cost below uh our threshold and so wecould sell at twenty five Euros and make i make profit . The the evaluation give satisfying result as well . So I think we can move to the last part of the meeting .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: So the cost isin the budget , the evaluation is okay , so I th I think we can now uh open champagne and make a huge party .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Start to eat banana . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: I don't know if it's provided by uh by the meeting staff .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Mm-hmm .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay so congratulation . {vocalsound} Niceproduct .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound} Congratulations to the team . Uh very well , we worked together fantastically .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: I think it was a good collaboration uh . Aspect .User Interface: {vocalsound} So what does the management say ?Project Manager: Sorry ?User Interface: What does the management say?Project Manager: I think we will have um much bigger project next time and a much bigger salary as well .User Interface: Ah .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: All it dependson who watch this meeting .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yeah . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} We don't know . {vocalsound}UserInterface: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay , soUser Interface: Okay .Project Manager: good guys {vocalsound} ,Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: so see you for next uh successful project . {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: Okay . Yeah . Fruits .Marketing: Mm 'kay .User Interface: Mm .


Project Manager: Good morning , again .Industrial Designer: One question .User Interface: Yeah . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Send .User Interface: Choose a number ? {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: Submit . {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} Yep yep yep yep .Project Manager: All set ?Industrial Designer: Mm . Yeah .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Good . Okay . Let's see what we can findhere . Okay . A very warm welcome again to everyone .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um here we are already at our uh functional design meeting . Um and this is what we are going to do . The opening, which we are doing now , um and the special note , I'm project manager but on the meetings I'm also the secretary , which means I will make uh minutes as I did of the previous meeting .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: And uh I also put these as fast as possible in the uh project folder , so you can see them and review what we have discussed . Um if I'm right , there are three presentations , I guess eachone of you has prepared one ? Good .User Interface: Yes .Project Manager: And um we will also take a look at new project requirements , um if you haven't heard about them yet . And then of course we have to take adecision on the remote control functions and we have some more time , forty minutes . But I think we will need it . Um well I don't know who wants to go first with his presentation .Industrial Designer: I'll go first . Okay. I'll go first yeah .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: You can go first , okay .User Interface: Well .Marketing: Well , shall I go first with the users ?User Interface: Well {vocalsound}Marketing: I think {disfmarker} wellokay no problem . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Is there an order ? I haven't {disfmarker}User Interface: everybody already has his presentation ,Marketing: Ja precies , ja precies , ja preciesUser Interface:{vocalsound} so you can adjust it . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: So . Huh ? Okay , um {disfmarker}Project Manager: And one question , uh your name Denni , is it with aMarketing: E_I_E_ .Project Manager: I_E_{disfmarker} E_I_E_ , okay . Thank you .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Okay , um I wanted to explain the working design of the remote control . It's possibly very handy if you want to uh design oneof those . Um {vocalsound} well so it basically works uh as I uh uh r wrote down uh in this uh little uh summary . Uh when you press a button , {vocalsound} uh that's when you do pr for example when you uh want toturn up the volume , um a little connection is made uh the the rubber uh {vocalsound} button just presses on aProject Manager: Sorry . {vocalsound}Marketing: {gap}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:on a little print plate uh which uh makes uh uh {vocalsound} a connection that uh gives the chips , uh which is uh mounted beneath those uh that plastic of a rubber button . Uh senses that a connection has been made, and know and knows what button you pressed , becau uh for example the the volume up or volume down button . Um uh the the chip uh makes a Morse code uh like uh signal which uh then is si uh signalled{vocalsound} to uh several transistors which makes uh which sends the signal to a little let . You know what a let is ?User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Okay . {vocalsound} And that makes uh the the infra-redlights signal which is sent to the television set . Uh which has a sensor in it to uh sense uh the signal of the infra-red . That's basically uh how it works . Um the findings uh uh that I found uh searching up some uhdetailed information about the remote controls , are that uh they are very easy to produce , uh it is pis uh it's possible to uh make them in mass production because it is as eas it is as easy as uh printing a page , uh justuh fibreglass plate um is b uh is uh covered with uh some uh coatings and uh uh {vocalsound} and chips .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Uh and the technology's already available , we don't have tofind out how remote controls uh have to work or uh how that how uh to make some chips that are possible to uh to to transmit those uh signals . Uh I made a little uh uh animation of {vocalsound} about how a tran ouruh remote controller works .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {gap}User Interface: Oh right .Marketing: {vocalsound} Animation . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}we telUser Interface: There is something turning .Industrial Designer: There .Project Manager: Yeah , it's a little bug it's in the in the smart board . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Okay . Uh wellUserInterface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: the sub-component , I suppose that you understand what a sub-component is , is f in this example it's the button . Uh when it is pressed down , um , the switch is ter is uh isswitched on , so with uh the wire is sent to the to the chip in uh co-operation with the battery of course , because to make uh a a signal possible you have to have some sort of uh li uh a d ad uh electronic uh{disfmarker}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Infrared light .Industrial Designer: Yes , uh , okay . Um w after it's being composed by the chip uh the signal uh is transported uh to the infra-red bulb , and fromthere it signals a Morse code-like signal to the to the b to the bulb in uh in the television set . Okay . S Uh I wrote down some personal preferences about uh the remote control . Of course it is very handy if the remotecontrol is hand held , so you don't have to uh uh wind it up or something , or just is it's it's very light to uh to make uh to use it . Uh I personally uh pref prefer that uh it would be p uh come available in the variouscolours , and uh easy to use buttons . But I suppose that the one of the other team members uh uh thought of that uh too . {vocalsound}User Interface: Yeah , I've got it there too . {vocalsound}{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: And it is possible for several designs and um easy to use b uh sorry , easy to use buttons . Perhaps soft touch , uh touch screen uh buttons because uh the rubber buttons are alwaysuh uh they uh slightly uh they can be slightly damaged ,Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: uh so the numbers on the buttons are not possible uh to read anymore . And uh well as I said uh before th uh wecan uh make several designs . {vocalsound}User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Okay , well , that's my contribution to this meeting , and uhMarketing: To this meeting . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Okay ,thank you .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: two of these this meeting . So .User Interface: Shall I go uh next ?Project Manager: Yep .User Interface: 'Kay .Project Manager: Please .User Interface: So.Marketing: {vocalsound} Smoking .User Interface: Well uh , my name's {gap} , and I looked at uh technical functions design of the remote . Uh I did this by uh looking at examples of other remote controls , of howthey uh they look , and information from the web that I found . Um well what I found was that uh th the actual use of the remote control is to send messages to television set , how you uh d what you described uh justearly . And this can be all sorts of medsa messages , turn it on , turn it off , uh change the channel , adjust volume , that kind of thing . Uh play video , teletext , but also t uh play C_D_ if you use it your C_D_ playerthe remote control will that one . There are some uh examples of remote controls . You can see they are very different . The one has got all the functions that you could possibly need and an lot of uh buttons etcetera .And the other is uh more user friendly , little with big buttons . And uh not n all the the the the stuff you can do with it , but uh the the essential stuff is there . Um {vocalsound} I guess you could better y you shouldlook at a a user centred uh approach , because the customers have to use them and and if they don't think it's usable they won't uh buy it . A lot of buttons they may think from I don't need s as much as that . Uh , wellperf personal preferences is is uh a simple remote , with uh the basic functions that you can need that you could use . But uh keep in mind the new functions of T_V_ what we discussed earlier , split screen and uh isthat a function that you should have ? Because all the T_V_s will have them . Or because of only a few and isn't really necessary . And then uh make it {disfmarker} I would make so that you can could uh use it onmore than one appliance . If you have one that uh uh does with the vi the the video , it could also work with uh with the stereo , because play is play and stop stop and that sort of thing . The shu c you could reuse thebuttons so that you don't have to have a lot of buttons for uh anything . And it should be a user friendly , clear buttons , and not too much . And that is my presentation .Project Manager: Okay , thank you .IndustrialDesigner: Okay . {vocalsound}Marketing: 'Kay . Check . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: You must still have it open .Marketing: Kijke {gap} 'Kay , so . {vocalsound} We're going to jdiscuss the functional requirements of the remote , that m that means that functions user n want to have on the remote control , or just {disfmarker} Yeah , and the users , actually .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: The methods I I prefer is we're going to look which section of the users we are going to focus a l on more . Are the younger people going to buy the remote control or the elderly people ? Andthen {disfmarker} tho that section we're going to focus and adjust the remote more to that section than the whole user section . Okay . Some data . Younger people , from sixteen to thir forty five um years are moreinterested in fj features like L_C_D_ screens , speech recognition e etcetera . And we possess about two third of the market from in that range of age . The elderly people , from forty five years to sixty five years are notthat much interested in features , and we possess less than two third , that's two fifth , of the market share in that area . {gap} Goed so .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Hmm .Marketing: 'Kay .Findings . Fifty percent of the users lose their remote often .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: So we don't have to make it very small , like uh like a mobile phone orsomething , but some somewhat bi bigger than small , so you don't lose it that much anymore . {vocalsound} Seventy five percent of the users also find it ugly ,Industrial Designer: Mm .Marketing: and fif seventy fiveof the users zap a lot , so the buttons sh should be that small , or shouldn't be that complex because we have to search for the buttons , which one are you going to use . Next . Important issues about the remote . Ithink it would be better with a personal reference , but okay . Remote control has to have to have a low power usage , because s w seventy five percent of the users only zap one time an hour , so the power usage isalso one one time an hour , or so , with a high power usage we would use a lot of but batteries . The volume button and the channel buttons are the two most important buttons on the remote control , so those{disfmarker} they {disfmarker} those have to h be find very easily . And have to be somewhat like bigger etcetera . It has also be {disfmarker} have to find easily when the label is gone . My colleague also announcedit that labels should be scratched offIndustrial Designer: Mm .User Interface: Hmm .Marketing: or would be s uh {gap} senden {gap}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: okay . {vocalsound} So uh if that's k uh ifthat's the problem , you also have to find it easily on the remote . Buttons . Like what all colleagues said , have to have to be minimalized . or should be covered , or in L_C_D_ screen . L_C_D_ screen is easy becausewe have the L_C_D_ screen , we have the various options . Put one option and then you have the all the buttons of that options , so the other options would be gone . And you don't see the buttons . So L_C_D_ screensshould be easy , but an L_C_D_ screen , the problem with the L_ sc L_C_D_ screen is that elderly people fr from forty five to for sixty five years don't use the L_C_D_ screen a lot . So we have to that keep that in mindthat if you're going to implement L_C_D_ screen , you don't have to make it that hard to learn or to use .Industrial Designer: Uh L_C_D_ screen as in uh touch screen ?Marketing: Yeah , touch screen , yeah .IndustrialDesigner: Okay .Marketing: The last but not least , younger people are more critical about the features . Because they use the remote control often more often , and are more technical than the ol older people . And theolder people spend more money , and easily on a remote control .User Interface: Mm .Industrial Designer: 'Kay .Marketing: So we have to keep in mind to to focus not a lot {disfmarker} not that much on the youngerpep younger people , but also somewhat on the elderly people . And on my personal preferences , I don't have any mo more time to come with that ,User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Marketing: but like I said, L_C_D_ screen is easily to useIndustrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: because you have {disfmarker} you can implement a lot of buttons in one remote with not that much buttons . And it should be easy to use .Especially the volume buttons , the channel buttes buttons and the number buttons to zap through the channels . And that is it .Project Manager: Okay ,Industrial Designer: Okay . {vocalsound}Project Manager: thankyou .User Interface: Oh right . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um , well thank you all , huh . {vocalsound} I dunno uh did everyone receive an email with uh the new project requirements ?User Interface: {vocalsound}No . Res I did not .Project Manager: No ? Well ,User Interface: Perhaps the rest ?Industrial Designer: No .Project Manager: then I think it's a good thing that I made a separate slide of themMarketing: Ja , {gap}ProjectManager: so you can all read them . Oh , well not in this presentation . HmmUser Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Should be in there . Well , I can tell you them uh from my laptop . Um teletext does{disfmarker} has become outdated since the popularity of the internet .User Interface: Oh . Mm .Project Manager: {vocalsound} So that's uh the first thing we I think we should pay less attention to uh teletext . Uh theremote control should only be used for the television , otherwise the project becomes more complex , which endangers the time to market , and of course would make it more costly , I think . Um our current customersare within the age group of forty plus , and new product should reach a new market with customers that are younger than forty , and you talked about that before . And uh a last point , but also very important , ourcorporate image should stay recognisable in our products , which means that our uh corporate colour and slogan must be implemented in the new design . So we have to keep that in mind . Um well uh according to ouragenda it's then time to take a decision on the remote control functions . So , who has any idea about what should be on it , and what shouldn't ?User Interface: Well you said it should only uh work with one appliance?Marketing: Be television .User Interface: Or with one uh d che only the T_V_ ?Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah . Only be used for television .User Interface: And the video also , or not uh ?{vocalsound}Project Manager: Well it says only for television here , huh .Marketing: Only the television .User Interface: Oh . Alright . Okay . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Makes it a lot easier , huh ?{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah .Industrial Designer: Mm .Marketing: So yeah , then you can yeah . Requirements , no ? Functions .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .User Interface: Then it should have uhon , off ,Industrial Designer: Yeah for {disfmarker}User Interface: and uh {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Standby options ,Marketing: Yeah , the basics then by a volume , channel , one till two zero numbers on it,Industrial Designer: yeah ? Uh yeah .User Interface: Yeah . And per perhaps uh {disfmarker}Marketing: oh teletext doesn't have to be ?User Interface: No .Marketing: Um other functions .User Interface: Well uh uhyes yes s sh A button where you can uh change from one number to two numbers .Marketing: {vocalsound} Yeah I had {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Two s two two digits ,Marketing: Yeah , yeah .User Interface:Can you {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: oh okay .User Interface: Don't know if that's got a name ,Industrial Designer: Yeah I understand what you mean . Yeah .User Interface: but {disfmarker}{vocalsound}Marketing: I think it's I think it's easy to implement a button with a s s what which especially do that , because some T_V_s , if you press the t one and then the two , it be between five secs it make twelve,Industrial Designer: It makes it twelve , yeah .User Interface: Yeah . SIndustrial Designer: Indeed . Okay .Marketing: and that's that's not relaxedIndustrial Designer: Well , not really {vocalsound}Marketing: to user.Industrial Designer: And and there are some models that don't uh accommodate that function . SoMarketing: {vocalsound} Yeah .Industrial Designer: d uh wh the Philip's television makes it possible in that indeed touh press one and then two to make uh the uh tj to reach channel twelve .Marketing: So that it {vocalsound} easy and fast .User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: But uh all the television makes uh use of thosebutton where you first press that button and then press two digits to uh to getMarketing: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah . Yeah , so you should have that one on .Industrial Designer: Uh yeah , think so .Marketing: Ourmain targets' age are ? were ? Forty five plus , or ?User Interface: Mute misschien also .Project Manager: Uh wellIndustrial Designer: Mm .Project Manager: new product should reach a market with customers that areyounger than forty , and now we have current customers uh of forty plus .Marketing: Forties , okay because {vocalsound} because younger people as Uh younger people have now , sixteen till to twenty five age , are feighty one percent interested in L_C_D_ screen . From twenty six to thirty five have sixty six percent , and thirty six to forty five , fifty five percent , so I think to um {disfmarker} Because on most recog remotecontrols um the print plate will be broken how much , two years . You have to press h very hard to go to the next channel .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Marketing: With the L_C_D_ screenit's easier because you only have to wipe the screen to uh {disfmarker} for fingerprint ,Industrial Designer: Yeah , we we could yeah . But I think that uh that collides with our mission to make it very cheap .Marketing:and then you can use it again .Industrial Designer: Because L_C_D_ screens are very expensive .Marketing: Yeah , okay .User Interface: AnIndustrial Designer: A touch screen uh probably uh even more .Marketing:Yeah but a {disfmarker} you don't know {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: So ,Marketing: True .Industrial Designer: true , true .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: But uh{disfmarker} Well um is it possible to make an L_C_D_ screen uh , how was the information ?Marketing: Yeah , it only says that this perce percentage like L_C_D_ screen . Because , yeah and it says that younger agebetween sixteen and forty five highly interesting features more critical .Industrial Designer: So perhaps we should we should focus on that L_C_D_ screen .Marketing: {vocalsound} And if the only f Yeah , because ourtarget is sixteen to forty five .User Interface: But , do you {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah but uh will we not uh exceed our uh our uh production uh {disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah you don't know how much itcosts . Yeah , you don't know how much it costs , the L_C_D_ screen .Industrial Designer: Is it possible to find out , anyway ?Marketing: No , I don't have any costs here ,Industrial Designer: You know ?Marketing: Ionly have percentages .User Interface: But if you would do an L_C_D_ screen do we have don don't you have any buttons ? Or because if it only directs at the T_V_ , then you only have uh I don't know what you wantto do with the L_C_D_ screen .Marketing: Yeah .Industrial Designer: No , an L_C_D_ screen's just like uh like a drawn here . Um just uh displays several buttons ,User Interface: Yeah ?Industrial Designer: for exampleum if you wanted the minimal uh use b uh buttons , such as channel and volume , you just h uh displays four buttons on the screenUser Interface: Oh right , so you can {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: and it's possibleto p uh press them down , just like a touch screen .User Interface: Oh , yeah alright . So you can adjust which buttons you want on that s screen .Industrial Designer: Yeah , we can make it possible to do that , yeah


Grad E: OK , we 're on .Professor B: OK .Grad E: So , I mean , everyone who 's on the wireless check that they 're on .PhD F: C we {disfmarker}Grad G: Alright .Postdoc C: I see . Yeah .PhD F: Yeah .Grad E: OK , ouragenda was quite short .Professor B: Oh , could you {pause} close the door , maybe ? Yeah .Grad E: Sure . Two items , which was , uh , digits and possibly stuff on {disfmarker} on , uh , forced alignment , which Janesaid that Liz and Andreas had in information on ,Professor B: Grad E: but they didn't ,PhD F: Mm - hmm .Professor B: I guess the only other thing , uh , for which I {disfmarker}Grad E: so .PhD F: We should do thatsecond , because Liz might join us in time for that .Grad E: OK .Professor B: Um . OK , so there 's digits , alignments , and , um , I guess the other thing , {vocalsound} which I came unprepared for , uh , {vocalsound}is , uh , to dis s s see if there 's anything anybody wants to discuss about the Saturday meeting .Grad E: Right .Professor B: So . Any {disfmarker} I mean , maybe not .Grad E: Digits and alignments . But{disfmarker}Professor B: Uh .PhD F: Talk about aligning people 's schedules .Professor B: Yeah .Grad E: Yeah .Postdoc C: Mm - hmm .Professor B: Yeah . I mean {disfmarker} Right . Yeah , I mean , it was{disfmarker}Grad E: Yeah , it 's forced alignment of people 's schedules .PhD F: Yeah .PhD D: Forced align .PhD F: If we 're very {disfmarker}Professor B: Yeah .PhD F: Yeah .Professor B: With {disfmarker} with{disfmarker} whatever it was , a month and a half or something ahead of time , the only time we could find in common {disfmarker} roughly in common , was on a Saturday .PhD D: Yeah .Professor B: Ugh .Grad E:Yep .PhD F: It 's pretty sad .Professor B: Yeah .PhD F: Yeah .Postdoc C: Have {disfmarker} Have we thought about having a conference call to include him in more of {disfmarker} {vocalsound} in more of the meeting? I {disfmarker} I mean , I don't know , if we had the {disfmarker} if we had the telephone on the table {disfmarker}Professor B: No . But , h I mean , he probably has to go do something .PhD F: No , actually I{disfmarker} I have to {disfmarker} I have to shuttle {pause} kids from various places to various other places .Professor B: Right ?Postdoc C: I see . OK .Professor B: Yeah .PhD F: So . And I don't have {disfmarker}and I don't , um , have a cell phonePhD D: A cell phone ?PhD F: so I can't be having a conference call while driving .Professor B: R r right .Postdoc C: No . {comment} It 's not good .Professor B: So we have to{disfmarker} we {disfmarker}Postdoc C: That 's not good .PhD F: Plus , it would make for interesting noise {disfmarker} background noise .Professor B: Grad E: Yep .PhD F: Uh {disfmarker}Professor B: So we have toequip him with a {disfmarker} with a {disfmarker} {vocalsound} with a head - mounted , uh , cell phoneGrad E: Ye - we and we 'd have to force you to read lots and lots of digits ,Professor B: and {disfmarker}Grad E:so it could get real {disfmarker} {vocalsound} real car noise .PhD F: Oh , yeah .PhD D: Yeah .PhD F: Oh , yeah .Grad G: Take advantage .PhD D: And with the kids in the background .PhD F: I 'll let {disfmarker} I 'd let{disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah .PhD F: I let , uh , my five - year - old have a try at the digits , eh .Professor B: Yeah .Grad E: So , anyway , I can talk about digits . Um , did everyone get the results or shall I go over themagain ? I mean that it was basically {disfmarker} the only thing that was even slightly surprising was that the lapel did so well . Um , and in retrospect that 's not as surprising as maybe i it shouldn't have been assurprising as I {disfmarker} as {disfmarker} as I felt it was . The lapel mike is a very high - quality microphone . And as Morgan pointed out , that there are actually some advantages to it in terms of breath noises andclothes rustling {pause} if no one else is talking .PhD D: Yeah .PhD F: Exactly .Grad E: Um , so , uh {disfmarker}Grad G: Mm - hmm .Professor B: Well , it 's {disfmarker} Yeah , sort of the bre the breath noises andthe mouth clicks and so forth like that , the lapel 's gonna be better on .Grad G: It 's g it {disfmarker}PhD D: Or the cross - talk . Yeah .Professor B: The lapel is typically worse on the {disfmarker} on clothes rustling ,but if no one 's rustling their clothes ,Grad E: Right . I mean , a lot of people are just sort of leaning over and reading the digits ,Professor B: it 's {disfmarker} it 's {disfmarker}Grad E: so it 's {disfmarker} it 's a verydifferent task than sort of the natural .PhD D: Yeah . You don't move much during reading digits , I think .Professor B: Yeah .Grad E: So .Professor B: Yeah .Grad E: Right .Grad G: Probably the fact that it picks up otherpeople 's speakers {disfmarker} other people 's talking is an indication of that it {disfmarker} the fact it is a good microphone .PhD D: Yeah .Professor B: Right . So in the digits , in most {disfmarker} most cases ,there weren't other people talking .Grad E: Right . Right .Grad G: So .Professor B: So .PhD F: D do the lapel mikes have any directionality to them ?Professor B: There typically don't , no .PhD F: Because I {disfmarker}I suppose you could make some that have sort of {disfmarker} that you have to orient towards your mouth ,Grad E: They have a little bit ,PhD F: and then it would {disfmarker}Grad E: but they 're not noise -cancelling . So , uh {disfmarker}Professor B: They 're {disfmarker} they 're intended to be omni - directional .Grad E: Right .Professor B: And th it 's {disfmarker} and because you don't know how people are gonna putthem on , you know .PhD F: Mm - hmm .Grad E: Right . So , also , Andreas , on that one the {disfmarker} the back part of it should be right against your head . And that will he keep it from flopping aro up and down asmuch .PhD F: It is against my head .Grad E: OK .Professor B: Yeah . Um . Yeah , we actually talked about this in the , uh , front - end meeting this morning , too . Much the same thing ,Grad E: Uh - huh .Professor B:and {disfmarker} and it was {disfmarker} uh , I mean , there the point of interest to the group was primarily that , um , {vocalsound} the , uh {disfmarker} the system that we had that was based on H T K , that 'sused by , you know , {pause} all the participants in Aurora , {vocalsound} was so much worse {vocalsound} than the {disfmarker} than the S RGrad E: Everybody .Professor B: And the interesting thing is that eventhough , {vocalsound} yes , it 's a digits task and that 's a relatively small number of words and there 's a bunch of digits that you train on , {vocalsound} it 's just not as good as having a {disfmarker} a l very largeamount of data and training up a {disfmarker} a {disfmarker} a nice good big {vocalsound} HMM . Um , also you had the adaptation in the SRI system , which we didn't have in this . Um . So . Um .PhD F: And weknow {disfmarker} Di - did I send you some results without adaptation ?Grad E: No .Professor B: I s I think Stephane , uh , had seen them .Grad E: Or if you did , I didn't include them , cuz it was{disfmarker}Professor B: So {disfmarker}PhD F: Yeah , I think I did , actually . So there was a significant loss from not doing the adaptation .Professor B: Yeah .PhD F: Um . A {disfmarker} a {disfmarker} a couplepercent or some I mean {disfmarker} Well , I don't know it {disfmarker} Overall {disfmarker} Uh , I {disfmarker} I don't remember , but there was {disfmarker} {nonvocalsound} there was a significant , um , loss orwin {comment} from adaptation {disfmarker} with {disfmarker} with adaptation . And , um , that was the phone - loop adaptation . And then there was a very small {disfmarker} like point one percent on the natives{disfmarker} uh , win from doing , um , you know , adaptation to {pause} the recognition hypotheses . And {pause} I tried both means adaptation and means and variances , and the variances added another{disfmarker} or subtracted another point one percent . So , {vocalsound} it 's , um {disfmarker} that 's the number there . Point six , I believe , is what you get with both , uh , means and variance adaptation .Grad E:Right .Professor B: But I think one thing is that , uh , I would presume {disfmarker} Hav - Have you ever t {vocalsound} Have you ever tried this exact same recognizer out on the actual TI - digits test set ?PhD F: Thisexact same recognizer ? No .Professor B: It might be interesting to do that . Cuz my {disfmarker} my {disfmarker} cuz my sense , um {disfmarker}PhD F: But {disfmarker} but , I have {disfmarker} I mean , people{disfmarker} people at SRI are actually working on digits .Grad E: I bet it would do even slightly better .PhD F: I could {disfmarker} and they are using a system that 's , um {disfmarker} you know , h is actuallytrained on digits , um , but h h otherwise uses the same , you know , decoder , the same , uh , training methods , and so forth ,Professor B: Mm - hmm .PhD F: and I could ask them what they get {pause} on TI - digits.Professor B: Yeah , bu although I 'd be {disfmarker} I think it 'd be interesting to just take this exact actual system so that these numbers were comparablePhD F: Mm - hmm .Professor B: and try it out on TI - digits.PhD F: Well , Adam knows how to run it ,Professor B: Yeah .Grad E: Yeah . No problem .PhD F: so you just make a fProfessor B: Yeah . Yeah . Cuz our sense from the other {disfmarker} from the Aurora , uh , task isthat {disfmarker}Grad E: And try it with TI - digits ?PhD F: Mm - hmm .Professor B: I mean , cuz we were getting sub one percent {vocalsound} numbers on TI - digits also with the tandem thing .PhD F: Mm - hmm.Professor B: So , {vocalsound} one {disfmarker} so there were a number of things we noted from this .PhD F: Mmm .Professor B: One is , yeah , the SRI system is a lot better than the HTK {disfmarker}PhD F: Hmm.Professor B: this , you know , very limited training HTK system .PhD F: Mm - hmm .Professor B: Uh , but the other is that , um , the digits {vocalsound} recorded here in this room with these close mikes , i uh , areactually a lot harder than the {pause} studio - recording TI - digits . I think , you know , one reason for that , uh , might be that there 's still {disfmarker} even though it 's close - talking , there still is some noise andsome room acoustics .PhD F: Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .Professor B: And another might be that , uh , I 'd {disfmarker} I would presume that in the studio , uh , uh , situation recording read speech that if somebody didsomething a little funny or n pronounced something a little funny or made a little {disfmarker} that they didn't include it ,Grad E: They didn't include it .Professor B: they made them do it again .Grad E: Whereas , Itook out {pause} the ones that I noticed that were blatant {disfmarker} that were correctable .Professor B: Mmm . Yeah .Grad E: So that , if someone just read the wrong digit , I corrected it .Professor B: Yeah .GradE: And then there was another one where Jose couldn't tell whether {disfmarker} I couldn't tell whether he was saying zero or six . And I asked him and he couldn't tell either .Grad I: Hmm .Grad E: So I just cut it out.Professor B: Yeah .Grad E: You know , so I just e edited out the first , i uh , word of the utterance . Um , so there 's a little bit of correction but it 's definitely not as clean as TI - digits . So my expectations is TI - digitswould , especially {disfmarker} I think TI - digits is all {pause} American English .Professor B: Mm - hmm .Grad E: Right ? So it would probably do even a little better still on the SRI system , but we could give it a try.PhD F: Well . But {pause} remember , we 're using a telephone bandwidth front - end here , uh , on this , uh {disfmarker} on this SRI system , so , {vocalsound} um , I was {disfmarker} I thought that maybe that 'sactually a good thing because it {disfmarker} it gets rid of some of the {disfmarker} uh , the noises , um , you know , in the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} below and above the {disfmarker} um , the , you know ,speech bandwidthProfessor B: Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .PhD F: and , um , I suspect that to get sort of the last bit out of these higher - quality recordings you would have to in fact , uh , use models that , uh , weretrained on wider - band data . And of course we can't do that or {disfmarker}Grad E: Wha - what 's TI - digits ? I thought tProfessor B: It 's wide - band , yeah . It 's {disfmarker} in {disfmarker} in fact , we looked itupGrad E: It is wide - band . OK .Professor B: and it was actually twenty kilohertz sampling .Grad E: Oh , that 's right . I {disfmarker} I did look that up .PhD F: Mm - hmm .Grad E: I couldn't remember whether thatwas TI - digits or one of the other digit tasks .Professor B: Yeah .PhD F: Right . But {disfmarker} but , I would {disfmarker} Yeah . It 's {disfmarker} it 's easy enough to try , just run it on {disfmarker}Professor B:Yeah .Grad E: Mm - hmm .Professor B: See wGrad E: So , Morgan , you 're getting a little breath noise .PhD F: Now , eh , does {disfmarker}Grad E: You might wanna move the mike down a little bit .PhD F: one{disfmarker} one issue {disfmarker} one issue with {disfmarker} with that is that {vocalsound} um , the system has this , uh , notion of a speaker to {disfmarker} which is used in adaptation , variance norm uh , youknow , both in , uh , mean and variance normalization and also in the VTL {pause} estimation .Professor B: Mm - hmm .PhD F: So {disfmarker}Grad E: Yeah , I noticed the script that extracted it .PhD F: Do y ? Is{disfmarker} ? So does {disfmarker} so th so does {disfmarker} does , um , {vocalsound} the TI - digits database have speakers that are known ?Grad E: Yep . Yep .PhD F: And is there {disfmarker} is there enoughdata or a comparable {disfmarker} comparable amount of data to {disfmarker} to what we have in our recordings here ?Grad E: That I don't know . I don't know . I don't know how many speakers there are ,ProfessorB: Yeah .Grad E: and {disfmarker} and how many speakers per utterance .PhD F: OK .Professor B: Well , the other thing would be to do it without the adaptation and compare to these numbers without the adaptation .That would {disfmarker}PhD F: Right . Uh , but I 'm not so much worried about the adaptation , actually , than {disfmarker} than the , um , {vocalsound} um {disfmarker} the , uh , VTL estimation .Grad E: Right .PhDF: If you have only one utterance per speaker you might actually screw up on estimating the {disfmarker} the warping , uh , factor . So , um {disfmarker}Grad E: I strongly suspect that they have more speakers thanwe do . So , uh {disfmarker}PhD F: Right . But it 's not the amount of speakers , it 's the num it 's the amount of data per speaker .Grad E: Right . So we {disfmarker} we could probably do an extraction that wasroughly equivalent .PhD F: Right . Right .Grad E: Um .PhD F: So {disfmarker}Grad E: So , although I {disfmarker} I sort of know how to run it , there are a little {disfmarker} a f few details here and there that I 'll haveto {pause} dig out .PhD F: OK . The key {disfmarker} So th the system actually extracts the speaker ID from the waveform names .Grad E: Right . I saw that .PhD F: And there 's a {disfmarker} there 's a script{disfmarker} and that is actually all in one script . So there 's this one script that parses waveform names and extracts things like the , um , speaker , uh , ID or something that can stand in as a speaker ID . So , wemight have to modify that script to recognize the , um , speakers , {vocalsound} um , in the {disfmarker} in the , uh , um , {vocalsound} TI - digits {pause} database .Grad E: Right . Right . And that , uh{disfmarker}PhD F: Or you can fake {disfmarker} you can fake {pause} names for these waveforms that resemble the names that we use here for the {disfmarker} for the meetings .Grad E: Right .PhD F: That wouldbe the , sort of {disfmarker} probably the safest way to do {disfmarker}Grad E: I might have to do that anyway to {disfmarker} to do {disfmarker} because we may have to do an extract to get the {pause} amount ofdata per speaker about right .PhD F: Uh - huh .Grad E: The other thing is , isn't TI - digits isolated digits ?PhD F: Right .Grad E: Or is that another one ? I 'm {disfmarker} I looked through a bunch of the digits t corpcorpora , and now they 're all blurring .Professor B: Mm - hmm .Grad E: Cuz one of them was literally people reading a single digit . And then others were connected digits .Professor B: Yeah . Most of TI - digits isconnected digits , I think .Grad E: OK .Professor B: The {disfmarker} I mean , we had a Bellcore corpus that we were using . It was {disfmarker} {vocalsound} that 's {disfmarker} that was isolated digits .Grad E:Maybe it 's the Bell Gram . Bell Digits . Alright .Professor B: Um .PhD F: By the way , I think we can improve these numbers if we care to compr improve them {vocalsound} by , um , {vocalsound} not starting with theSwitchboard models but by taking the Switchboard models and doing supervised adaptation on a small amount of digit data collected in this setting .Grad E: Yep .PhD F: Because that would adapt your models to theroom acoustics and f for the far - field microphones , you know , to the noise . And that should really improve things , um , further . And then you use those adapted models , which are not speaker adapted but sort ofacous you know , channel adapted {disfmarker}Grad E: Channel adapted .PhD F: use that as the starting models for your speaker adaptation .Professor B: Yeah . {vocalsound} But the thing is , uh {disfmarker} I mean, w when you {disfmarker} it depends whether you 're ju were just using this as a {disfmarker} {vocalsound} a starter task for {disfmarker} you know , to get things going for conversational or if we 're reallyinterested i in connected digits . And I {disfmarker} I think the answer is both . And for {disfmarker} for connected digits over the telephone you don't actually want to put a whole lot of effort into adaptationPhD F:Well , I don't know .Professor B: because {vocalsound} somebody {pause} gets on the phone and says a number and then you just want it . You don't {disfmarker} don't , uh {disfmarker}Postdoc C: This is{disfmarker} this {disfmarker} that one 's better .PhD F: Right .Postdoc C: Mm - hmm .PhD F: Um , but , you know , I {disfmarker} uh , my impression was that you were actually interested in the far - fieldmicrophone , uh , problem , I mean . So , you want to {disfmarker} you want to {disfmarker} That 's the obvious thing to try .Postdoc C: Oh . Oh .Professor B: Right .PhD F: Right ? Then , eh {disfmarker} because you{disfmarker} you don't have any {disfmarker}Postdoc C: Yeah .PhD F: That 's where the most m acoustic mismatch is between the currently used models and the {disfmarker} the r the set up here .Professor B: Right.PhD F: So .Professor B: Yeah . So that 'd be anoth another interesting data point .PhD F: Mm - hmm .Professor B: I mean , I {disfmarker} I guess I 'm saying I don't know if we 'd want to do that as the {disfmarker}as {disfmarker}PhD D: Other way .Grad E: Other way . Liz {disfmarker}PhD A: Now you 're all watching me .Grad E: It f it clips over your ears .PhD A: Alright . This way .Grad E: There you go .Postdoc C: If you have astrong fe if you have a strong preference , you could use this .PhD A: You 're all watching . This is terrible .Postdoc C: It 's just we {disfmarker} we think it has some spikes . So , uh , we {disfmarker} we didn't use thatone .PhD A: I 'll get it .Postdoc C: But you could if you want .Professor B: Yeah . At any rate , I don't know if wPostdoc C: I don't know . And Andre - Andreas , your {disfmarker} your microphone 's a little bit low.Professor B: Yeah .PhD F: It is ?Professor B: I don't know if we wanna use that as the {disfmarker}Postdoc C: Yeah .Grad E: Uh , it pivots .PhD F: Uh .Postdoc C: So if you see the pictureGrad E: It {disfmarker} it{disfmarker} like this .PhD F: I I {disfmarker}Postdoc C: and then you have to scrPhD F: I {disfmarker} I already adjusted this a number of times .Grad E: Eh .PhD F: I {disfmarker} IGrad E: Yeah , I think these mikesare not working as well as I would like .PhD F: can't quite seem to {disfmarker} Yeah , I think this contraption around your head is not {pause} working so well .Professor B: Too many adju too many adjustments .Yeah . Anyway , what I was saying is that I {disfmarker} I think I probably wouldn't want to see that as sort of like the norm , that we compared all things to .Postdoc C: That looks good . Yeah .Professor B: To , uh ,the {disfmarker} to have {disfmarker} have all this ad all this , uh , adaptation . But I think it 's an important data point , if you 're {disfmarker} if {disfmarker} Yeah .PhD F: Right .Professor B: Um . The other thingthat {disfmarker} that , uh {disfmarker} of course , what Barry was looking at was {disfmarker} was just that , the near versus far . And , yeah , the adaptation would get {vocalsound} th some of that .PhD F: Mm -hmm .Professor B: But , I think even {disfmarker} even if there was , uh , only a factor of two or something , like I was saying in the email , I think that 's {disfmarker} {vocalsound} that 's a big factor . So


Grad C: Now can you give me the uh {pause} remote T ?Professor D: OK , so Eva , co uh {disfmarker} could you read your numbers ?Grad A: Go ahead and read . OK .Professor D: Yeah .Grad C: Alright .Professor D:Yeah , let 's get started . Um {disfmarker} Hopefully Nancy will come , if not , she won't .Grad B: Uh , Robert , do you uh have any way to turn off your uh screensaver on there so that it 's not going off every{disfmarker} uh , it seems to have about at two minute {disfmarker}Grad C: Yeah , I 've {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} it 's not that I didn't try .Grad B: OK .Grad C: and um I {disfmarker} I told it tostay on forever and ever , but if it 's not plugged in it just doesn't obey my commands .Grad B: OK .Grad C: It has a mind .Grad B: Got it .Grad C: But I I just {disfmarker} You know , sort of keep on wiggling.Undergrad E: Wants to conserve .Grad B: Yeah , OK .Grad C: But uh {disfmarker} we 'll just be m m working on it at intensity so it doesn't happen . We 'll see . Should we plunge right into it ?Professor D: Yeah .GradC: So , would you like to {disfmarker}Professor D: I think so .Grad C: So what I 've tried to do here is list all the decision nodes that we have identified on this {pause} side . Commented and {disfmarker} what they 'reabout and sort of {disfmarker} the properties we may um give them . And here are the uh {disfmarker} tasks to be implemented via our data collection . So all of these tasks {disfmarker} The reading is out of thesetasks more or less imply that the user wants to go there , sometime or the other . And analogously for example , here we have our EVA um {disfmarker} intention . And these are the data tasks where w we can assumethe person would like to enter , view or just approach the thing . Analogously the same on the object information we can see that , you know , we have sort of created these tasks before we came up with our decisionnodes so there 's a lot of things where we have no analogous tasks , and {pause} that may or may not be a problem . We can change the tasks slightly if we feel that we should have data for e sort of for every decisionnode so {disfmarker} trying to im um {disfmarker} implant the intention of going to a place now , going to a place later on the same tour , or trying to plant the intention of going sometime on the next tour , or thenext day or whenever .Professor D: Right , right .Grad C: But I think that might be overdoing it a little .Professor D: So {disfmarker} Yeah . So let me pop up a level . And uh s s make sure that we 're all oriented thesame . So What we 're gonna do today is two related things . Uh one of them is to work on the semantics of the belief - net which is going to be the main inference engine for thi the system uh making decisions . Anddecisions are going to turn out to be parameter choices for calls on other modules . so f the natural language understanding thing is uh , we think gonna only have to choose parameters , but You know , a fairly large setof parameters . So to do that , we need to do two things . One of which is figure out what all the choices are , which we 've done a fair amount . Then we need to figure out what influences its choices and finally we haveto do some technical work on the actual belief relations and presumably estimates of the probabilities and stuff . But we aren't gonna do the probability stuff today . Technical stuff we 'll do {disfmarker} uh {disfmarker}another day . Probably next week . But we are gonna worry about all the decisions and the things that pert that contribute to them . And we 're also , sort of uh in the same process , going to work with Fey on whatthere should be in the dialogues . So One of the s steps that 's coming up real soon is to actually get subjects uh {disfmarker} in here , and have them actually record like this . Uh record dialogues more or less . And{disfmarker} depending on what Fey sort of provokes them to say , we 'll get information on different things .Grad C: Well how people phrase different intentions more or less ,Professor D: So {disfmarker} Fo - v yeahpeople with the {disfmarker} phrase themGrad C: huh ?Professor D: and so {disfmarker} Uh for , you know , Keith and people worrying about what constructions people use , uh {disfmarker} we have some i we havesome ways to affect that by the way the dialogues go . So what Robert kindly did , is to lay out a table of the kinds of uh {pause} things that {disfmarker} that might come up , and , the kinds of decisions . So the uh{disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} on the left are decision nodes , and discreet values . So if {disfmarker} if we 're right , you can get by with um just this middle column worth of decisions , and it 's not all that many , andit 's perfectly feasible technically to build belief - nets that will do that . And he has a handout .Grad C: Yeah . Maybe it was too fast plunging in there , because j we have two updates .Professor D: Yeah .Grad C: Umyou can look at this if you want , these are what our subject 's going to have to fill out . Any comments I can {disfmarker} can still be made and the changes will be put in correspondingly .Undergrad E: m {vocalsound}{vocalsound} {vocalsound} {vocalsound} {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Yes .Grad C: Let me summarize in two sentences , mainly for Eva 's benefit , who probably has not heard about the data collection , at all .Grad A:OK .Grad C: Or have you heard about it ?Grad A: Not that much you didn't .Grad C: No . OK . We were gonna put this in front of people . They give us some information on themselves .Grad A: OK .Grad C: Then{disfmarker} then they will read uh {disfmarker} a task where lots of German words are sort of thrown in between . And um {disfmarker} and they have to read isolated proper names And these change{disfmarker}Professor D: S I don't see a releaseGrad C: No , this is not the release form . This is the speaker information form .Professor D: Got it . OK , fine . OK .Grad C: The release form is over there in that box.Professor D: Alright , fair enough .Grad C: And um {disfmarker} And then they gonna have to f um um choose from one of these tasks , which are listed here . They {disfmarker} they pick a couple , say three{disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} uh six as a matter of fact . Six different things they sort of think they would do if they were in Heidelberg or traveling someplace {disfmarker} and um {disfmarker} and they have a map.Grad B: Hmm .Grad C: Like this . Very sketchy , simplified map . And they can take notes on that map . And then they call this computer system that works perfectly , and understands everything .Grad A: OK .Grad C:And um {disfmarker}Grad B: This is a fictional system obviously ,Grad C: The comp Yeah , the computer system sits right in front of you ,Grad B: huh .Grad C: that 's Fey .Undergrad E: I 've {disfmarker} I understandeverything .Professor D: And she does know everything .Undergrad E: Yes I do .Grad C: And she has a way of making this machine talk . So she can copy sentences into a window , or type really fast and this machinewill use speech synthesis to produce that . So if you ask " How do I get to the castle " then a m s several seconds later it 'll come out of here " In order to get to the castle you do {disfmarker} "Grad B: Yeah .Grad C:OK ? And um {disfmarker} And then after three tasks the system breaks down . And Fey comes on the phone as a human operator . And says " Sorry the system broke down but let 's continue . " And we sort of get theidea what people do when they s think they speak to a machine and what people say when they think they speak to a human , or know , or assume they speak to a human .Grad A: OK . Huh .Grad B: Mm - hmm . Mm -hmm .Grad C: That 's the data collection . And um {disfmarker} And Fey has some thirty subjects lined up ? Something ?Undergrad E: Yeah .Grad C: And um {disfmarker} And they 're {disfmarker} r ready uh{disfmarker} to roll .Undergrad E: And more and more every day .Grad C: And we 're gonna start tomorrow at three ? four ? one ?Undergrad E: Tomorrow , well we don't know for sure . Because we don't know whetherthat person is coming or not ,Grad C: OK . Around four - ish .Undergrad E: but {disfmarker}Grad C: And um we 're still l looking for a room on the sixth floor because they stole away that conference room . Um{disfmarker} behind our backs . But {disfmarker}Professor D: Well , there are these {disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} oh , I see , we have to {disfmarker} Yeah , it 's tricky . We 'll {disfmarker} let 's{disfmarker} let {disfmarker} we 'll do that off - line , OK .Grad C: Yeah , but I {disfmarker} i i it 's happening . David and {disfmarker} and Jane and {disfmarker} and Lila are working on that as we speak .ProfessorD: OK .Grad C: OK . That was the uh {disfmarker} the data collection in a nutshell . And um {disfmarker} I can report a {disfmarker} so I did this but I also tried to do this {disfmarker} so if I click on here , Isn't thiswonderful ? we get to the uh {disfmarker} uh belief - net just focusing on {disfmarker} on the g Go - there node . uh {disfmarker} Analogously this would be sort of the reason node and the timing node and so forth.Grad B: Mm - hmm .Grad C: And what w what happened is that um design - wise I 'd sort of n noticed that we can {disfmarker} we still get a lot of errors from a lot of points to one of these sub Go - there User Go -there Situation nodes . So I came up with a couple of additional nodes here where um whether the user is thrifty or not , and what his budget is currently like , is going to result in some financial state of the user . Howmuch will he {disfmarker} is he willing to spend ? Or can spend . Being the same at this {disfmarker} just the money available , which may influence us , whether he wants to go there if it is {disfmarker} you know{disfmarker} charging tons of dollars for admission or its gonna g cost a lot of t e whatever . Twenty - two million to fly to International Space Station , you know . just {disfmarker} Not all people can do that .ProfessorD: Right .Grad C: So , and this actually turned out to be pretty key , because having specified sort of these {disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} this {disfmarker} this {disfmarker} intermediate level Um and sort of noticingthat everything that happens here {disfmarker} let 's go to our favorite endpoint one is again more or less {disfmarker} we have {disfmarker} um {disfmarker} then the situation nodes contributing to the {disfmarker}the endpoint situation node , which contributes to the endpoint and so forth . um {disfmarker} I can now sort of draw straight lines from these to here , meaning it g of course goes where the sub - S {disfmarker}everything that comes from situation , everything that comes from user goes with the sub - U , and whatever we specify for the so - called " Keith node " , or the discourse , what comes from the {disfmarker} um{disfmarker} parser , construction parser , um will contribute to the D and the ontology to the sub - O node . And um one just s sort of has to watch which {disfmarker} also final decision node so it doesn't make sense{disfmarker} t to figure out whether he wants to enter , view or approach an object if he never wants to go there in the first place . But this makes the design thing fairly simple . And um now all w that 's left to do thenis the CPG 's , the conditional probabilities , for the likelihood of a person having enough money , actually wanting to go a place if it costs , you know this or that . And um {disfmarker} OK . and once um Bhaskara hasfinished his classwork that 's where we 're gonna end up doing . You get involved in that process too . And um {disfmarker} And for now uh the {disfmarker} the question is " How much of these decisions do we want tobuild in explicitly into our data collection ? " So {disfmarker} Um , one could {disfmarker} sort of {disfmarker} think of {disfmarker} you know we could call the z see or {disfmarker} you know , people who visit thezoo we could s call it " Visit the zoo tomorrow " , so we have an intention of seeing something , but not now {disfmarker} but later .Professor D: Right . Yeah . Yeah , so {disfmarker} let 's s uh s see I th I think thatfrom one point of view , Uh , um , all these places are the same , so that d d That , um {disfmarker} in terms of the linguistics and stuff , there may be a few different kinds of places , so I th i it seems to me that Weought to decide you know , what things are k are actually going to matter to us . And um , so the zoo , and the university and the castle , et cetera . Um are all big - ish things that um {disfmarker} you know{disfmarker} have different parts to them , and one of them might be fine .Grad C: Hmm . Hmm , hmm . Yeah {disfmarker} The {disfmarker} the reason why we did it that way , as a {disfmarker} as a reminder , is uh{disfmarker} no person is gonna do all of them .Professor D: And {disfmarker}Grad C: They 're just gonna select u um , according to their preferences .Professor D: Yeah , yeah .Grad C: " Ah , yeah , I usually visit zoos, or I usually visit castles , or I usually {disfmarker} " And then you pick that one .Professor D: Right , no no , but {disfmarker} but s th point is to {disfmarker} to y to {disfmarker} build a system that 's got everythingin it that might happen you do one thing .Undergrad E: They 're redundant .Professor D: T to build a system that um {disfmarker} had the most data on a relatively confined set of things , you do something else . Andthe speech people , for example , are gonna do better if they {disfmarker} if {disfmarker} things come up uh {disfmarker} repeatedly . Now , of course , if everybody says exactly the same thing then it 's notinteresting . So , all I 'm saying is i th there 's {disfmarker} there 's a kind of question of what we 're trying t to accomplish . and {disfmarker} I think my temptation for the data gathering would be to uh , you know{disfmarker} And each person is only gonna do it once , so you don't have to worry about them being bored , so if {disfmarker} if it 's one service , one luxury item , you know , one big - ish place , and so forth and soon , um {disfmarker} then my guess is that {disfmarker} that the data is going to be easier to handle . Now of course you have this I guess possible danger that somehow there 're certain constructions that people useuh when talking about a museum that they wouldn't talk about with a university and stuff , um {disfmarker} but I guess I 'm {disfmarker} I uh m my temptation is to go for simpler . You know , less variation . But Idon't know what other people think about this in terms of {disfmarker}Grad B: So I don't exactly understand {disfmarker}Professor D: uh {disfmarker}Grad B: like I I {disfmarker} I guess we 're trying to {disfmarker}limit the detail of our ontology or types of places that someone could go , right ? But who is it that has to care about this , or what component of the system ?Professor D: Oh , well , uh {disfmarker} th I think there aretwo places where it comes up . One is uh {disfmarker} in the {disfmarker} th these people who are gonna take this and {disfmarker} and try to do speech with it .Grad B: Mm - hmm .Professor D: uh {disfmarker} Lotsof pronunciations of th of the same thing are going to give you better data than l you know , a few pronunciations of lots more things .Grad B: OK .Professor D: That 's one .Grad B: So we would rather just ask{disfmarker} uh have a bunch of people talk about the zoo , uh and assume that that will {disfmarker} that the constructions that they use there will give us everything we need to know about these sort of zoo , castle, whatever type things , these bigger places .Professor D: Bigger {disfmarker} Y yeah thi well this is a question for {disfmarker}Grad B: And that way you get the speech data of people saying " zoo " over and overagain or whatever too .Professor D: Yeah . Yeah .Grad B: OK .Professor D: Yeah . So this is a question for you ,Grad B: Mm - hmm .Professor D: and , you know , if we {disfmarker} if we do , and we probably will ,actually try to uh build a prototype , uh probably we could get by with the prototype only handling a few of them anyway . So , Um {disfmarker}Grad C: Yeah , the this was sort of {disfmarker} these are all differentsort of activities . Um But I think y I {disfmarker} I got the point and I think I like it . We can do {disfmarker} put them in a more hierarchical fashion . So , " Go to place " and then give them a choice , you know eitherthey 're the symphony type or opera type or the tourist site guide type or the nightclub disco type person and they say " yeah this is {disfmarker} on that " go to big - ish place " ,Grad B: Mm - hmm .Grad C: this iswhat I would do . " And then we have the " Fix " thing , and then maybe " Do something the other day " thing , so . My question is {disfmarker} I guess , to some extent , we should {disfmarker} y we just have to try itout and see if it works . It would be challenging , in {disfmarker} in a sense , to try to make it so {disfmarker} so complex that they even really should schedule , or to plan it , uh , a more complex thing in terms of OK, you know , they should get the feeling that there are these s six things they have to do and they sh can be done maybe in two days .Professor D: Well {disfmarker} yeah .Grad C: So they make these decisions,Professor D: Well I think th thGrad C: " Can I go there tomorrow ? "Professor D: yeah .Grad C: or {disfmarker} you know {disfmarker} influencesGrad B: Mm - hmm .Professor D: Yeah . Well , I think it 's easy enoughto set that up if that 's your expectation . So , the uh system could say , " Well , uh we 'd like to {disfmarker} to set up your program for two days in Heidelberg , you know , let 's first think about all the things youmight like to do . So there {disfmarker} th i i in {disfmarker} I mean {disfmarker} in {disfmarker} I th I {disfmarker} I 'm sure that if that 's what you did then they would start telling you about that , and then youcould get into um various things about ordering , if you wanted .Grad C: Mm - hmm . Yeah . Yeah , but I think this is part of the instructor 's job . And that can be done , sort of to say , " OK now we 've picked these sixtasks . " " Now you have you can call the system and you have two days . "Professor D: I 'm sorry .Grad C: And th wProfessor D: No , we have to help {disfmarker} we have to decide . Fey will p carry out whatever wedecide . But we have to decide you know , what is the appropriate scenario . That 's what we 're gonna talk about t yeah .Grad C: Yep , yep .PhD F: But these are two different scenarios entirely . I mean , one is aplanner {disfmarker} The other , it kind of give you instructions on the spotGrad C: Yeah , but th the {disfmarker} I don't {disfmarker} I 'm not really interested in sort of " Phase planning " capabilities . But it 's morethe {disfmarker} how do people phrase these planning requests ? So are we gonna masquerade the system as this {disfmarker} as you said simple response system , " I have one question I get one response " , orshould we allow for a certain level of complexity . And a I w think the data would be nicer if we get temporal references .Professor D: Well , so Keith , what do you think ?Grad B: Well , um it seems that {disfmarker}Yeah , I mean , off the top of my head it kinda seems like you would probably just want , you know , richer data , more complex stuff going on , people trying to do more complex sets of things . I mean {pause} youknow , if our goal is to really sort of be able to handle a whole bunch of different stuff , then throwing harder situations at people will get them to do more linguistic {disfmarker} more interesting linguistic stuff . But Imean {disfmarker} I 'm {disfmarker} I 'm not really sure Uh , because I don't fully understand like what our choices are of ways to do this here yet .Grad C: I mean w we have tested this and a y have you heard{disfmarker} listen to the f first two or th as a matter of fact the second person is uh {disfmarker} is {disfmarker} was faced with exactly this kind of setup .Grad B: I started to listen to one and it was just like , um ,uh , sort of depressing .Grad C: And {disfmarker}Grad B: I thought I 'd just sort of listen to the beginning part and the person was just sort of reading off her script or something . And .Grad C: Oh , OK . That was thefirst subject .Professor D: Yeah .Grad B: Yeah .Professor D: First one wasn't very good .Grad B: Yeah .Grad C: Yeah .Grad B: So um , I {disfmarker}Grad C: Um , it is {disfmarker} already with this it got pretty{disfmarker} with this setup and that particular subject it got pretty complex .Undergrad E: Although {disfmarker}Grad B: Mm - hmm .Grad C: Maybe {disfmarker} I suggest we make some fine tuning of these , get{disfmarker} sort of {disfmarker} run through ten or so subjectsGrad B: Mm - hmm .Grad C: and then take a breather , and see whether we wanna make it more complex or not , depending on what {disfmarker} whatsort of results we 're getting .Grad B: Right . Yeah . It {disfmarker} In fact , um , I am just you know {disfmarker} today , next couple days gonna start really diving into this data . I 've basically looked at one of the