Passage 1:Pete TownshendPeter Dennis Blandford Townshend (; born 19 May 1945) is an Englishmusician. He is the co-founder, leader, guitarist, second lead vocalist and principal songwriter of theWho, one of the most influential rock bands of the 1960s and 1970s. Due to his aggressive playing styleand innovative songwriting techniques, Townshend's works with the Who and in other projects haveearned him critical acclaim.Townshend has written more than 100 songs for 12 of the Who's studioalbums. These include concept albums, the rock operas Tommy (1969) and Quadrophenia (1973), pluspopular rock radio staples such as Who's Next (1971); as well as dozens more that appeared asnon-album singles, bonus tracks on reissues, and tracks on rarities compilation albums such as Odds &Sods (1974). He has also written more than 100 songs that have appeared on his solo albums, as well asradio jingles and television theme songs.While known primarily as a guitarist, Townshend also playskeyboards, banjo, accordion, harmonica, ukulele, mandolin, violin, synthesiser, bass guitar, and drums;he is self-taught on all of these instruments and plays on his own solo albums, several Who albums, andas a guest contributor to an array of other artists' recordings. Townshend has also contributed to andauthored many newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, essays, books, and scripts, and he hascollaborated as a lyricist and composer for many other musical acts. In 1983, Townshend received theBrit Award for Lifetime Achievement and in 1990 he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as amember of the Who. Townshend was ranked No. 3 in Dave Marsh's 1994 list of Best Guitarists in The NewBook of Rock Lists. In 2001, he received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of theWho; and in 2008 he received Kennedy Center Honors. He was ranked No. 10 in Gibson.com's 2011 listof the top 50 guitarists, and No. 10 in Rolling Stone's updated 2011 list of the 100 greatest guitarists ofall time. He and Roger Daltrey received The George and Ira Gershwin Award for Lifetime MusicalAchievement at UCLA on 21 May 2016.Early life and educationTownshend was born in Chiswick, WestLondon, at the Chiswick Hospital, Netheravon Road, in the UK. He came from a musical family: his father,Cliff Townshend, was a professional alto saxophonist in the Royal Air Force's dance band theSquadronaires and his mother, Betty (née Dennis), was a singer with the Sydney Torch and Les DouglassOrchestras. The Townshends had a volatile marriage, as both drank heavily and possessed fiery tempers.Cliff Townshend was often away from his family touring with his band while Betty carried on affairs withother men. The two split when Townshend was a toddler and he was sent to live with his maternalgrandmother Emma Dennis, whom Pete later described as "clinically insane". The two-year separationended when Cliff and Betty purchased a house together on Woodgrange Avenue in middle-class Acton,and the young Pete was happily reunited with his parents. His neighbourhood was one-third Polish, and adevout Jewish family upstairs shared their housing with them and cooking with them—many of hisfather's closest friends were Jewish.Townshend says he did not have many friends growing up, so hespent much of his boyhood reading adventure novels like Gulliver's Travels and Treasure Island. Heenjoyed his family's frequent excursions to the seaside and the Isle of Man. It was on one of these trips inthe summer of 1956 that he repeatedly watched the 1956 film Rock Around the Clock, sparking hisfascination with American rock and roll. Not long thereafter, he went to see Bill Haley perform in London,Townshend's first concert. At the time, he did not see himself pursuing a career as a professionalmusician; instead, he wanted to become a journalist.Upon passing the eleven-plus exam, Townshend wasenrolled at Acton County Grammar School. At Acton County, he was frequently bullied because he had alarge nose, an experience that profoundly affected him. His grandmother Emma purchased his first guitarfor Christmas in 1956, an inexpensive Spanish model. Though his father taught him a couple of chords,Townshend was largely self-taught on the instrument and never learned to read music. Townshend andschool friend John Entwistle formed a short-lived trad jazz group, the Confederates, featuring Townshendon banjo and Entwistle on horns. The Confederates played gigs at the Congo Club, a youth club run bythe Acton Congregational Church, and covered Acker Bilk, Kenny Ball, and Lonnie Donegan. However,both became influenced by the increasing popularity of rock 'n' roll, with Townshend particularly admiringCliff Richard's debut single, "Move It". Townshend left the Confederates after getting into a fight with the


Passage 1:The Man with the Glass EyeThe Man with the Glass Eye (German: Der Mann mit dem Glasauge)is a 1969 West German crime film directed by Alfred Vohrer and starring Horst Tappert, Karin Hübner andHubert von Meyerinck. It is part of Rialto Film's long-running series of Edgar Wallace adaptations.The film'ssets were designed by the art directors Walter Kutz and Wilhelm Vorwerg. It was shot at the SpandauStudios and on location in West Berlin, Hamburg and London.CastPassage 2:The Return of Pom PomTheReturn of Pom Pom (Chinese: ) is a 1984 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Philip Chan andstarring Richard Ng and John Shum. It is the second film in the Pom Pom film series which is a spin-off theLucky Stars series.PlotHaving been together for years, police officer Beethoven (John Shum) must find anew place to live as his friend and fellow officer Ng Ah Chow (Richard Ng) is marrying his fiancée Anna(Deanie Yip). Furthermore, the two officers are transferred to a new department run by fearsome InspectorTien (James Tin Chuen). While here their former boss inspector Chan (Philip Chan) is set up after evidenceis stolen by "The Flying Spider" (Lam Ching-ying), the two officers must track down the thief to proveChan's innocence.CastRichard Ng as officer Ng Ah ChiuJohn Shum as officer BeethovenDeannie Yip asAnna, Ng's love interestLam Ching-Ying as The Flying SpiderPhilip Chan as Inspector ChanJames Tin Chuenas Inspector TienPassage 3:Mr. Boo Meets Pom PomMr. Boo Meets Pom Pom (Chinese: ) is a 1985Hong Kong comedy film directed by Wu Ma and starring Richard Ng and John Shum. It is the third film inthe Pom Pom film series which is a spin-off the Lucky Stars series.PlotWorking at the police forensicdepartment Mr Boo (Michael Hui) although absent-minded and scruffy is successful at his job. His beautifulwife (Terry Hu) begin to be courted by handsome billionaire Yang (Stuart Ong) and now Mr Boo must try towin back her love. While on a job involving a bank robbery he befriend detectives Chow (Richard Ng) andBeethoven (John Shum) who promise to help him with his love life.CastMichael Hui as Mr. BooTerry Hu asMr. Boo's wifeRichard Ng Yiu-Hon as officer Ng Ah ChiuJohn Shum Kin-Fun as officer BeethovenDeannie YipTak-Han as Anna, Ng's loverStuart Ong as YangPassage 4:The Man with the Fake BanknoteThe Man withthe Fake Banknote or The Man with the Counterfeit Money (German: Der Mann mit der falschen Banknote)is a 1927 German silent crime film directed by Romano Mengon and starring Nils Asther, Vivian Gibson andMargarete Lanner.The film's art direction was by Robert A. Dietrich.CastNils AstherVivian GibsonMargareteLannerSig ArnoPhilipp ManningKarl PlatenPassage 5:Pom Pom Strikes BackPom Pom Strikes Back is a 1986Hong Kong comedy film directed by Wu Ma and starring Richard Ng and John Shum. It is the fourth andfinal film in the Pom Pom film series which is a spin-off the Lucky Stars series.PlotPolice officers Chow(Richard Ng) and Beethoven (John Shum) are close friend who must protect a witness May (May Lo MeiMei) after she witnesses a gangland murder. Meanwhile Beethoven mistakenly discovers that Chow isdying of cancer and sets out to make his last few months memorable.CastRichard Ng as officer Ng AhChiuJohn Shum as officer BeethovenDeannie Yip as Mrs Anna Ng, Ng's wifeMay Lo Mei-Mei as MayPassage6:The Man with Two Faces (1975 film)The Man with Two Faces (Korean:  ; RR: Gongpouiijongingan) is a 1975 South Korean horror film.CastLee Ye-chunKim Ok-jinJin Bong-jinPassage 7:The PomPom GirlsThe Pom Pom Girls (also known as Palisades High) is a 1976 American film directed by JosephRuben. The screenplay was written by Ruben and based on a story by him and Robert J. Rosenthal. Themovie was shot on location at Chaminade High School in Los Angeles. The Pom Pom Girls is ateensploitation film, female relationships and cheerleaders in locations that are "any town" American, andincludes disobedient teens in a date movie with romance and sex, plenty of outdoor activities, stunts thatare coordinated for actors and actresses, and indoor activities for a new audience.PlotA football player fallsfor a girl who is dating another guy, while another cannot figure out which girl he likes.The big gameagainst rival Hardin High School is looming while a full scale prank war is underway.ProductionThe modestprofits of the prior exploitation/teensploitation film The Cheerleaders (1975) inspired The Pom Pom Girlswriters with cheerleader themes and scenes. Easy Rider had an influence on the film, the huge success ofthat film had film makers like the scriptwriters Robert Rosenthal and Joseph Ruben, who is the director,include the theme of the value of freedom. Many shots and automobiles were included, drive-in restaurant, "suicide chicken" race, many scenes of nostalgia that was incorporated from the present day. Even a tagline


Passage 1:The Bloom of YesterdayThe Bloom of Yesterday (German: Die Blumen von gestern) is a 2016German-Austrian comedy film directed by Chris Kraus.CastReceptionThe film won the Grand Prize and theAudience Award at the 2016 Tokyo International Film Festival and subsequently won several awards andnominations.  Martin Schwickert, of Zeit Online, said the dialogue had "almost Woody Allen's brillianceand speed."Passage 2:Shima (film)Shima is a 2007 film from Uzbekistan.PlotAt the end of the SecondWorld War, imperial Japanese fanaticism seals the fate of an island's inhabitants and its garrison, througha massacre, interrupting the love between a soldier and a fisherman's daughter. The daughter survives,but the other survivor Taro- a soldier cut off from all communication- continues to serve the emperor foranother thirty years. Tormented in his dreams by memories and his secret aspiration for eternalpeace.Taro is regularly 'inspected' by his former military inspector Yamada, who exploits the situation toentertain former Japanese officers, nostalgic of Imperial Japan, by luring visitors to the island through hisWar Veterans Association. The visitors are held captive and enrolled by Taro to serve in the army of theGreat Emperor. For the sadistic pleasure of the former Japanese officers, Yamada organises "inspections"during which the new recruits must prove their devotion to the emperor by sacrificing their lives.Manyyears later Shintaro, the son of the fisherman's daughter, finds himself on the island after searching forhis father. He learns his father disappeared on the island just before the massacre. He contacts Yamadathrough the War Veterans Association, who agrees to take him and others to the island. But once theyarrive he abandons them and puts Taro in charge. For Shintaro and his comrades this means forcedenrolment, military drills and suffering. After months of torture Shintaro and the other captives start toaccept Taro's twisted sense of reality. The training intensifies as Taro prepares the recruits to fight amysterious enemy.CastSeidula Moldakhanov as TaroMikhail Vodzumi as ShintaroAnvar Kenjaev asYamadaInfluencesBased on the true story of Lieutenant Hiroo Onoda, a Japanese holdout who did notsurrender until 1974. During his service, it has been estimated that he killed about thirty people,including American soldiers and local police militia.Passage 3:Circus of LoveCircus of Love (German:Rummelplatz der Liebe) is a 1954 drama film directed by Kurt Neumann and starring Eva Bartok, CurdJürgens and Bernhard Wicki. It was made as a co-production between West Germany and the UnitedStates. It premiered at the Berlin International Film Festival.The film was shot at the Bavaria Studios inMunich and on location in the city. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Hans Kuhnert andTheo Zwierski. It was produced by King Brothers and released in West Germany by RKO Pictures. Aseparate English-language version Carnival Story was shot simultaneously.CastEva Bartok as LilliCurdJürgens as ToniBernhard Wicki as FranzRobert Freitag as RichardWilli Rose as KarlAdy Berber as Groppothe WildmanHelene Stanley as LoreJacob Möslacher as The DwarfJosef Schneider as TheSword-swallowerAmalie Lindinger as The Fat LadyLy Maria as The Snake LadyAnni Trautner as TheBearded LadyJadin Wong as The Chinese DancerPassage 4:Dragon's GoldDragon's Gold is a 1954American crime film directed by Aubrey Wisberg and Jack Pollexfen and starring John Archer, HillaryBrooke and Philip Van Zandt.PlotCastJohn Archer as Mack RossiterHillary Brooke as Vivian CrosbyNoelCravat as General Wong Kai HaiPhilip Van Zandt as SenMarvin Press as ChengDayton Lumis as DonaldMcCutcheonWilliam Kerwin as GenePassage 5:Kal: Yesterday and TomorrowKal: Yesterday and Tomorrowis a 2005 Indian Hindi-language thriller drama film written and directed by Ruchi Narain. Produced bySudhir Mishra under Sudhir Mishra Productions, the film features an ensemble cast of Chitrangda Singh,Shiney Ahuja, Smriti Mishra, Ram Kapoor, Malaika Shenoy, Sarika and Boman Irani. Shantanu Moitracomposed the soundtrack and Sneha Khanwalkar composed the title track and the background score.While Prakash Kutty and Ranjeet Bahadur handled cinematography and editing respectively. The film waspremiered at 7th Osian's Cinefan Festival of Asian and Arab Cinema in July 2005 won Indian Critics’Award and released on 16 September 2005.PlotBhavna Dayal and Maya Jalan had been fellow collegiansand close friends, both come from very wealthy families. Bhavna is in love with another ex-fellowcollegian, Tarun Haksar, who also comes from a wealthy family, and is also in love with Bhavna. Theirrespective families' expect both to marry each other. However, Tarun and Maya suddenly announce their


Passage 1:Hiding PlaceThe Hiding Place or Hiding Place may refer to:FilmThe Hiding Place (Playhouse 90), March 22, 1960 episode of American TV series; based on Robert Shaw's 1959 novelThe Hiding Place (film), 1975 American drama based on the 1971 book by Corrie ten BoomThe Hiding Place, 2000 American drama starring Kim Hunter and Timothy Bottoms, from the play by Mitch GiannunzioThe Hiding Place, 2008 American drama by Jeff WhittyLiteratureThe Hiding Place, 1959 British novel by Robert ShawThe Hiding Place (biography), 1971 memoir by Corrie ten Boom, who hid Dutch Jews during WWIIHiding Place (Wideman novel), 1981 middle volume of "Homewood Trilogy" by American John Edgar WidemanThe Hiding Place (Azzopardi novel), 2000 Welsh Booker Prize shortlistThe Hiding Place (Bell novel), 2012 American mysteryMusicHiding Place (band), Scottish rock band, active from 2004 to 2007Hiding Place (Selah album), 2004Hiding Place (Don Moen album), 2006Hiding Place (Tori Kelly album), 2018See alsoNo Hiding Place, 1959–1967 British police detective TV seriesHiding Places, 2019 American album by Brooklyn rapper Billy WoodsPassage 2:Hotel ReserveHotel Reserve is a 1944 British spy film starring James Mason as an innocent man caught up in pre-Second World War espionage. Other cast members include Lucie Mannheim, Raymond Lovell and Herbert Lom. It was based on Eric Ambler's 1938 novel Epitaph for a Spy. Unusually, it was both directed and produced by a trio: Lance Comfort, Mutz Greenbaum and Victor Hanbury. It was shot at Denham Studios with sets designed by the art director William C. Andrews. The film was produced and distributed by the British branch of RKO Pictures.PlotIn 1938, refugee Peter Vadassy decides to take a holiday at the Hotel Reserve to celebrate both his completion of medical school and his impending French citizenship. When he goes to pick up some photographs at the local pharmacy, he is taken away and questioned by Michel Beghin of French naval intelligence. When his negatives had been developed, some of them turned out to be of French military installations. It is discovered that while the camera is the same make as Peter's, the serial number is different. Peter is released on condition that he find out which other hotel guests have cameras like his.Peter does some snooping and eavesdrops on a suspicious conversation between Paul Heimberger and the hotel's proprietor, Madame Suzanne Koch. He searches Heimberger's room and finds several passports, all with different names and nationalities. Heimberger catches him in the act, but eventually matters are straightened out. Heimberger explains that he was originally a Social Democratic newspaper publisher who was anti-Nazi and been sent to a concentration camp for two years. After he was released, he joined an underground movement against the German regime.Peter spots his camera in the pocket of a dressing-gown belonging to Odette and Andre Roux, a couple on their honeymoon. Andre first tries to bribe Peter into giving him the negative and, when that fails, threatens him with a pistol. The police arrive at that moment and arrest Peter for espionage.The Rouxs leave the hotel, but find Heimberger trying to disable the hotel's car. Andre shoots him dead and the couple speed off to Toulon, unaware that they are being tracked by the police. Beghin had known the identity of the spies all along and merely used Peter to further his true goal; to find out who the Rouxs are reporting to. The spy ring is captured. Andre gets away, but is caught on a roof by Peter. Andre slips and falls to his death.CastJames Mason as Peter VadassyLucie Mannheim as Madame Suzanne KochRaymond Lovell as Robert Duclos, a hotel guest given to exaggerationJulien Mitchell as Michel BeghinHerbert Lom as Andre RouxMartin Miller as Walter VogelClare Hamilton as Mary Skelton, a hotel guest who is attracted to Peter. A sister of Maureen O'Hara, her real name was Florrie Fitzsimons. This was her only film appearance.Frederick Valk as Emil Schimler, alias Paul HeimbergerPatricia Medina as Odette RouxAnthony Shaw as Major Anthony Chandon-Hartley, a guestLaurence Hanray as Police Commissioner (as Lawrence Hanray)David Ward as Henri Asticot, a guestValentine Dyall as Warren SkeltonJoseph Almas as Albert, the waiter (as Josef Almas)Patricia Hayes as Servant (waitress)Hella Kürty as Hilda VogelIvor Barnard as P. Molon, the pharmacistErnst Ulman as Detective in Black SuitCritical receptionThe Radio Times noted, "this subdued thriller, set just before the Second World War, is lifted by James Mason's performance as a ' wronged man'," and concluded, "The plot has enough suspense and intrigue built in, but this movie only fitfully comes to life as Mason sets out discover who the real villain is"; Dennis Schwartz found it "a visually attractive film, though hampered because it's so slow moving"; whereas Leonard Maltin thought more


Passage 1:Yan Yan (Three Kingdoms)Yan Yan (fl. 211–214 A.D.) was a Chinese military general and politician who served under Liu Zhang, the Governor of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing), during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China. Although there is very little information about Yan Yan in historical records, he is given a much prominent role in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms as a general who initially serves under Liu Zhang before switching allegiance to Liu Bei later.LifeYan Yan was from Linjiang County (), Ba Commandery (), which is around present-day Zhong County, Chongqing. He served as a military officer in Ba Commandery under Liu Zhang, the Governor of Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing); Ba Commandery was one of the commanderies in Yi Province.In 211, Liu Zhang invited the warlord Liu Bei to lead his troops into Yi Province to help him counter the threat posed by his rival, Zhang Lu, in Hanzhong Commandery. When Yan Yan heard about it, he remarked: "This is equivalent to sitting on an isolated hill and setting a tiger free to protect oneself!"Around 212, conflict broke out between Liu Zhang and Liu Bei when the latter turned against his host and tried to seize control of Yi Province. In 214, Liu Bei summoned reinforcements from his base in Jing Province to enter Yi Province and assist him in attacking Liu Zhang. Zhang Fei, a general under Liu Bei, led troops to attack Jiangzhou (; around present-day Yuzhong District, Chongqing), which was defended by Yan Yan. Zhang Fei defeated Yan Yan, captured him alive, and asked him: "When my army showed up, why did you put up resistance instead of surrendering?" Yan Yan replied: " You people launched an unwarranted attack on my home province. There may be generals in my province who will lose their heads, but there are none who will surrender." Zhang Fei was enraged and he ordered Yan Yan's execution. Yan Yan remained expressionless and said: "If you want to chop off my head, then do it! What's with that outburst of anger?" Zhang Fei was so impressed with Yan Yan's courage that he released him and treated him like an honoured guest. Nothing was recorded in history about Yan Yan from this point onwards.In Romance of the Three KingdomsYan Yan has a greater role as a character in the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which romanticises the events before and during the Three Kingdoms period. In Chapter 63 of the novel, as in history, he is defeated and captured by Zhang Fei, who initially wants to execute him but changes his mind and spares him after feeling impressed with Yan Yan's strong sense of loyalty. Zhang Fei also manages to convince Yan Yan to switch his allegiance to Liu Bei. Yan Yan appears again later in Chapters 70 and 71, when he joins Huang Zhong to attack Cao Cao's forces at the Battle of Mount Dingjun.See alsoLists of people of the Three KingdomsNotesPassage 2:Marco BortolamiMarco Bortolami ([marko brtolami]; born 12 June 1980) is a rugby union coach and retired Italian international player, whose career includes experience playing in the national top-level Italian (Petrarca Padova), French (RC Narbonne), and English (Gloucester Rugby) championships, before joining the then recently-born Pro14 (with Aironi Rugby and then Zebre). Praised for his leadership skills, he captained all the teams he played for at professional level. At international level, he also captained the Italian side since 2002 till the 2007 Rugby World Cup, before being replaced in the permanent role by Sergio Parisse. He currently serves as head coach for Benetton Rugby in the United Rugby Championship.Club careerBortolami began his playing career with the team of his native Padua, making his debut as a second row aged only 18.After a two-year spell with RC Narbonne in the French Top14, in the summer of 2006 he joined English Premiership side Gloucester Rugby when he was considered by many to be one of the best players in the world around the time, being selected into the starting team for their first game of the season and immediately taking the role of captain. At Gloucester he made up a formidable partnership with Alex Brown and shared captaincy with Peter Buxton. Due to injuries and his World Cup commitments, the 2007–08 season ended up not being as consistent in performance and he lost the Italian captaincy to Italian No. 8 Sergio Parisse, but continued to put in powerful performances for Gloucester. His outstanding leadership qualities meant he retained captaincy. He made 23 appearances for Gloucester in 2008–09.In 2010 he returned to Italy signing for the new Aironi team which started to compete in the Celtic League from the 2010–11 season. After Aironi folded due to financial problems, Bortolami signed for the new franchise Zebre in the Pro12 for the 2012/13 season.On 7


Passage 1:Bernie BonvoisinBernard Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: [bna b̃vwaz̃]), known asBernie Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: [bni b̃vwaz̃], born 9 July 1956 in Nanterre,Hauts-de-Seine), is a French hard rock singer and film director. He is best known for having been thesinger of Trust.He was one of the best friends of Bon Scott the singer of AC/DC and together theyrecorded the song "Ride On" which was one of the last songs by Bon Scott.External linksBernie Bonvoisinat IMDbPassage 2:Billy MilanoBilly Milano (born June 3, 1964) is an American heavy metal and hardcorepunk musician. He is the singer and occasionally guitarist and bassist of crossover thrash band M.O.D.,and was the singer of its predecessor, Stormtroopers of Death. Prior to these bands, Milano played inearly New York hardcore band the Psychos, which also launched the career of future Agnostic Frontvocalist Roger Miret. Milano was also the singer of United Forces, which included his Stormtroopers ofDeath bandmate Dan Lilker. Milano managed a number of bands, including Agnostic Front, for whom healso co-produced the 1997 Epitaph Records release Something's Gotta Give and roadie forAnthrax.DiscographyStormtroopers of Death albumsStormtroopers of Death videosMethod of Destruction(M.O.D.)MasteryPassage 3:Just Playing (Dreams)Just Playing (Dreams) is a promotional single byAmerican hip hop artist The Notorious B.I.G. for his 1994 debut album Ready to Die. It was produced byRashad Smith, and contains a sample of James Brown's "Blues and Pants" from Hot Pants. Complexmagazine ranked the song number two on its list of "The 50 Funniest Rap Songs".Although the song doesnot appear on the original version of Ready to Die, it appears on the 2004 remasteredversion.BackgroundSome of the lyrics initially appeared on Mary J. Blige's "What's the 411?" remix. Thesong was released as a promotional single for Biggie's debut album Ready to Die.Composition"JustPlaying (Dreams)" was written by The Notorious B.I.G. and Rashad "Ringo" Smith. The song is built on asample of "Blues and Pants" written by James Brown, and its production was done by Ringo.In the song,Biggie takes aim at 20 of his favorite R&B singers and lists what he'd like to do to them. The list includesfemale R&B singers Mary J. Blige, Patti LaBelle, Mariah Carey, Chaka Khan, and Rupaul, who didn't takeoffense to the song. However, Raven-Symoné was 8 years old when Biggie rapped the line, “makeRaven-Symoné call date rape.”The R&B quartet Xscape didn't appreciate the song, which contained theline "those ugly-ass Xscape bitches." In a 2009 interview, group member Kandi Burruss said that herbandmate Tameka "Tiny" Cottle ran into Biggie on the evening of his death, and he apologized for thelyric.Cover versions and remixesIn 1996, Lil Kim's song "Dreams Freestyle" sampled the lyrics of "JustPlaying" on her debut studio album Hard Core.In 1996, Mad Skillz, sampled the line “Everybody, move yabody” as the chorus of his song "Move Ya Body" on his debut album From Where???In 2015, rapperYoung M.A dropped her "Dreams Freestyle" from her debut 13-track mixtape Sleep Walkin.In 2018,rapper Nicki Minaj sampled the song for her studio album Queen in the song "Barbie Dreams". The singlereached number 18 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 36 on the UK Singles Chart.Passage 4:TheNotorious B.I.G.Christopher George Latore Wallace (May 21, 1972 – March 9, 1997), better known by hisstage names the Notorious B.I.G., Biggie Smalls, or simply Biggie, was an American rapper. Rooted inEast Coast hip hop and particularly gangsta rap, he is cited in various media lists as one of the greatestrappers of all time. Wallace became known for his distinctive laid-back lyrical delivery, offsetting thelyrics' often grim content. His music was often semi-autobiographical, telling of hardship and criminality,but also of debauchery and celebration.Born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City, Wallace signed toSean "Puffy" Combs' label Bad Boy Records as it launched in 1993, and gained exposure through featureson several other artists' singles that year. His debut album Ready to Die (1994) was met with widespreadcritical acclaim, and included his signature songs "Juicy" and "Big Poppa". The album made him thecentral figure in East Coast hip hop, and restored New York's visibility at a time when the West Coast hiphop scene was dominating hip hop music. Wallace was awarded the 1995 Billboard Music Awards' Rapperof the Year. The following year, he led his protégé group Junior M.A.F.I.A., a team of himself andlongtime friends, including Lil' Kim, to chart success.During 1996, while recording his second album,Wallace became ensnarled in the escalating East Coast–West Coast hip hop feud. Following Tupac


Passage 1:World and Time EnoughWorld and Time Enough is a 1994 independent gay-themed romanticcomedy-drama written and directed by Eric Mueller and starring Gregory Giles, Matt Guidry, and KraigSwartz.CastPlotNarrated by their friend David (Swartz), World and Time Enough is the story of Mark(Guidry) and Joey (Giles). Mark is an HIV-positive art student who creates temporary "sculptures" ontopics including AIDS, abortion and the Bush economy. Joey works as a garbage collector, picking uptrash along the roadways. He sometimes brings home interesting items that he finds on the job.Mark'smother was killed when he was a child, in a freak accident in a church when she was crushed by a largefalling cross. Since that day, his father has been obsessed with building model cathedrals. Mark and hisfather are somewhat distant and out of touch and Mark reaches out to him through a series of phonecalls, leaving messages on his father's answering machine. Unknown to Mark, his father has died alone inhis home but hasn't yet been discovered.Joey's relationship with his adoptive parents is also strainedbecause of his father's issues with Joey's homosexuality. Although he remains close with his sister, Joeyfeels the need to seek out his birth parents through the adoption social service agency.Mark discovers hisfather's body and in his grief he assumes his father's obsession with cathedral building. Rather than amodel, however, Mark begins work on a full-size cathedral in a local open field.Joey learns the identity ofhis birth parents, but also learns that they have died. He visits their gravesite and says the things therethat he would have told them while they were alive.Mark experiences a vision of his father, who tells himthat he's making a mistake, to go home. Mark feverishly climbs the scaffolding and falls off it to theground. Joey discovers him there.Later, together, out of the scaffolds, surviving bits of Mark's sculpturesand the things Joey's gathered, they build their own "cathedral."ProductionIt was filmed on location inEdina and Minneapolis, Minnesota. The film was made with grants from the National Endowment for theArts, the American Film Institute, and a local film organization. The final budget was about$60,000.ReceptionThe film was generally well-received by critics, although having 2 heterosexual actorsplay romantic leads in an LGBTQ+ film was noted in reviews.AwardsPassage 2:Michael GovanMichaelGovan (born 1963) is the director of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Prior to his current position,Govan worked as the director of the Dia Art Foundation in New York City.Early life and educationGovanwas born in 1963 in North Adams, Massachusetts, and was raised in the Washington D.C. area, attendingSidwell Friends School.He majored in art history and fine arts at Williams College, where he met ThomasKrens, who was then director of the Williams College Museum of Art. Govan became closely involved withthe museum, serving as acting curator as an undergraduate. After receiving his B.A. from Williams in1985, Govan began an MFA in fine arts from the University of California, San Diego.CareerAs atwenty-five year old graduate student, Govan was recruited by his former mentor at Williams, ThomasKrens, who in 1988 had been appointed director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation. Govanserved as deputy director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum under Krens from 1988 to 1994, aperiod that culminated in the construction and opening of the Frank Gehry designed Guggenheim branchin Bilbao, Spain. Govan supervised the reinstallation of the museum's permanent collection galleries afterits extensive renovation.Dia Art FoundationFrom 1994 to 2006, Govan was president and director of DiaArt Foundation in New York City. There, he spearheaded the conversion of a Nabisco box factory into the300,000 square foot Dia:Beacon in New York's Hudson Valley, which houses Dia's collection of art fromthe 1960s to the present. Built in a former Nabisco box factory, the critically acclaimed museum has beencredited with catalyzing a cultural and economic revival within the formerly factory-based city of Beacon.Dia's collection nearly doubled in size during Govan's tenure, but he also came under criticism for"needlessly and permanently" closing Dia's West 22nd Street building. During his time at Dia, Govan alsoworked closely with artists James Turrell and Michael Heizer, becoming an ardent supporter of RodenCrater and City, the artists' respective site-specific land art projects under construction in the Americansouthwest. Govan successfully lobbied Washington to have the 704,000 acres in central Nevadasurrounding City declared a national monument in 2015.LACMAIn February 2006, a search committeecomposed of eleven LACMA trustees, led by the late Nancy M. Daly, recruited Govan to run the Los


Passage 1:Salang RiverThe Salang is a 438 kilometre long river of Afghanistan, flowing through ParwanProvince. It is a tributary of the Indus River and the Ghorband River and the Panjshir River and the KabulRiver.GeographyThe Salang River originates on the south side of the central mountains of the Hindu Kushin the north-east of Salang Pass, which links the region to Kabul with the northern part of the country.Itsvalley and the Salang Pass form an important international waterway. It is north–south oriented. TheSalang flows into the Ghorband River at the locality of Jabal Saraj in Parwan. In Jabal Saraj, the averageannual flow module between 1961 and 1964 was about 763 millimeters per year, which is considered ahigh rate.Passage 2:Pigna Barney RiverPigna Barney River, a partly perennial river of the Manning Rivercatchment, is located in the Upper Hunter district of New South Wales, Australia.Course andfeaturesPigna Barney River rises on the eastern slopes of Mount Royal Range, south of the locale ofGlenrock, and flows generally east by south before reaching its confluence with the Manning River, southof Mount Myra. The river descends 818 metres (2,684 ft) over its 40 kilometres (25 mi) course.SeealsoRivers of New South WalesList of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)List of rivers of AustraliaPassage3:Trubizh RiverThe Trubizh (Ukrainian: Трубі́ж, Russian: Трубе́ж) is a river entirely located in Ukraine, aleft tributary of Dnieper. It falls into the Dnieper's Kaniv Reservoir (named after Kaniv). It is 113kilometres (70 mi) long, and has a drainage basin of 4,700 square kilometres (1,800 sq mi).Major cities:Pereiaslav.Passage 4:Tesechoacan RiverThe Tesechoacan River is a river of Mexico in Veracruz state.It isformed where the Cajones River joins the Manso River, both flowing eastward from the Sierra Madre deOaxaca and is a tributary of the Papaloapan River.See alsoList of rivers of MexicoPassage 5:Lunga River(Zambia)The Lunga River is the name of two rivers in Zambia. One is a tributary of the Kafue River andthe other a tributary of the Kabompo River, both of which are tributaries of the Zambezi.Passage6:Yadboro RiverYadboro River, a perennial river of the Clyde River catchment, is located in the SouthernTablelands and the upper ranges of the South Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia.Course andfeaturesYadboro River rises below Currockbilly Mountain on the eastern slopes of the Budawang Rangewithin Budawang National Park, east northeast of Braidwood, and flows generally northerly parallel to therange, then east, joined by one minor tributary before reaching its confluence with the Clyde River atCampus Head, near Yadboro Flat. The river descends 965 metres (3,166 ft) over its 26 kilometres (16mi) course.See alsoRivers of New South WalesList of rivers of New South Wales (L–Z)List of rivers ofAustraliaPassage 7:Peters Creek (Pennsylvania)Peters Creek is a 16.8-mile-long (27.0 km) tributary ofthe Monongahela River and part of the Ohio River and Mississippi River watersheds, flowing throughsouthwestern Pennsylvania in the United States.Variant namesAccording to the Geographic NamesInformation System, it has also been known historically as:Peter's CreekCoursePeters Creek starts inNottingham Township in Washington County and runs generally northerly until it joins the MonongahelaRiver at Clairton in Allegheny County.WatershedThe Peters Creek watershed is a diverse fifty squaremiles in southwestern Allegheny County and northeastern Washington County. From the heavy industryin the east where Peters Creek enters the Monongahela River, to the commercial northeast, the suburbannorthern communities, and the still rural and farming south, the watershed is a veritable patchwork ofland use types. There is also a county park, a turnpike, a landfill, and a coal mining legacy to add to themix. Some communities are relatively stable while others are undergoing rapid development. PetersCreek and its tributaries provide utility to them all in a myriad of ways.TributariesLewis Run, in JeffersonHillsBeam's Run, in Jefferson HillsLick Run, in South Park TownshipPiney Fork Run, in South ParkTownshipPeters Creek also collects numerous unnamed tributaries along its course.Water quality andrecreationBecause of past water quality issues, Peters Creek was not considered to have any recreationalpurpose, but since the 1990s the water quality has improved dramatically. Once plagued with garbageand acid mine drainage, the water quality is now high enough to support its own fish population, whichincludes trout, bass, catfish, carp, and bluegill.  It is now again possible to enjoy the stream through suchactivities as fishing, swimming, and during high water, kayaking. There is also a new bike trail that runsalong its bank, formerly part of the Montour Railroad.See alsoList of rivers of PennsylvaniaPassage


Passage 1:George Gordon, 2nd Earl of HuntlyGeorge Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly (died 8 June 1501) wasa Scottish nobleman and Chancellor of Scotland from 1498 to 1501.LifeGeorge was the son of Alexander(Seton) Gordon, 1st Earl of Huntly and his second wife Elizabeth Crichton, daughter of William Crichton,1st Lord Crichton. George is first mentioned by name in 1441 when the lands which later became part ofthe Earldom were settled on him and his heirs. George was almost certainly born shortly before this time,c. 1441 as his parents married before 18 March 1439–40.In his contract with Elizabeth Dunbar, Countessof Moray, dated 20 May 1455 he is styled the Master of Huntley. He is addressed as "Sir George Seton,knight", in a royal precept dated 7 March 1456–7, and in a crown charter dated a year later he uses thename of Gordon for the first time, indicating he had assumed that surname. As George, Lord Gordon, hewas keeper of the castles of Kildrummy, Kindrochat and Inverness. He succeeded his father as Earl ofHuntly c. 15 July 1470.Shortly after becoming Earl of Huntly he was involved with the Earl of Ross in aprivate war in which the king, James III of Scotland, interceded. Ross was charged with treason, but afterrefusing a summons from the king, was outlawed. One of the expeditions sent against the errant Earl ofRoss was led by Alexander. After he captured Dingwall Castle and pressed his army into Lochaber, Rossrelented and sought pardon for his actions from the king. In 1479 he was justiciary north of the RiverForth, one of his primary duties was the suppression of feuds between Highland clans. In 1497 GeorgeGordon was appointed High Chancellor of Scotland, the honour probably bestowed at the same time ashis daughter Catherine married Perkin Warbeck, an adventurer in favour with King James IV of Scotland.George was Chancellor until 1500. George, the second earl, died at Stirling Castle on 8 June1501.FamilyOn 20 May 1455, George Gordon was married by contract to Lady Elizabeth Dunbar,daughter of James Dunbar, 7th Earl of Moray. The marriage was annulled due to affinity, before March1459–60; the couple had no children.George secondly married, before March 1459–60, PrincessAnnabella of Scotland, youngest daughter of King James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort (thegranddaughter of John of Gaunt). After several years of marriage, the Earl of Gordon institutedproceedings to have this marriage annulled as well, on the grounds that Princess Annabella was related inthe third and fourth degrees of consanguinity to his first wife, Elizabeth Dunbar, and the marriage wasdissolved on 24 July 1471.George Gordon had a number of children, but with few exceptions, thereremains no clear consensus as to which child was of the second marriage and which was of the third:LadyIsabella Gordon (d. 1485), wife of William Hay, 3rd Earl of Erroll (d. 1507).Alexander Gordon, 3rd Earl ofHuntly (died 21 January 1523/24)Adam Gordon, who married Lady Elizabeth de Moravia, daughter andheir of John de Moravia, 8th Earl of Sutherland, and in her right became Countess of Sutherland after herbrother's death. Their son was Alexander Gordon, Master of Sutherland.William Gordon, who marriedJanet Ogilvy and was the ancestor of the Gordons of Gight, from whom Lord Byron was adescendant.James Gordon, mentioned in an entail in 1498.Lady Janet Gordon, who married firstly,Alexander Lindsay, Master of Crawfurd; secondly, Patrick, Master of Gray (annulled); thirdly, PatrickButtar of Gormark; and fourthly, James Halkerston of Southwood. She died before February 1559.LadyElizabeth Gordon, mother was Annabella, who was contracted to marry William Keith, 3rd Earl Marischal,in 1481.George obtained an annulment from his second marriage on 24 July 1471. He then married,thirdly, his mistress, Lady Elizabeth Hay, daughter of William Hay, 1st Earl of Erroll, and swore a solemnoath to have no 'actual delen' with the lady until after they were married. He married Elizabeth Hay on 12May 1476, and they had the following children:Lady Catherine Gordon (died October 1537), probably adaughter of Elizabeth Hay, she married firstly, Perkin Warbeck (d. 1499), notorious for claiming to beRichard of Shrewsbury, 1st Duke of York, one of the young princes who disappeared from history in theTower of London; she married secondly, James Strangeways of Fyfield (d. 1515); she married thirdly,Matthew Cradock of Swansea (d. 1531); and she married fourthly, Christopher Assheton of Fyfield. Shewas well received at the court of King Henry VII of England, who styled her "the White Rose." She had noissue by any of her four husbands.Lady Eleanor GordonLady Agnes GordonNotesPassage 2:Hubba bintHulailHubba bint Hulail (Arabic:   ) was the grandmother of Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf,


Passage 1:Jason Moore (director)Jason Moore (born October 22, 1970) is an American director of film,theatre and television.Life and careerJason Moore was born in Fayetteville, Arkansas, and studied atNorthwestern University. Moore's Broadway career began as a resident director of Les Misérables at theImperial Theatre in during its original run. He is the son of Fayetteville District Judge Rudy Moore.InMarch 2003, Moore directed the musical Avenue Q, which opened Off-Broadway at the Vineyard Theatreand then moved to Broadway at the John Golden Theatre in July 2003.  He was nominated for a 2004Tony Award for his direction. Moore also directed productions of the musical in Las Vegas and London andthe show's national tour. Moore directed the 2005 Broadway revival of Steel Magnolias and Shrek theMusical, starring Brian d'Arcy James and Sutton Foster which opened on Broadway in 2008. He directedthe concert of Jerry Springer — The Opera at Carnegie Hall in January 2008.Moore, Jeff Whitty, JakeShears, and John "JJ" Garden worked together on a new musical based on Armistead Maupin's Tales ofthe City. The musical premiered at the American Conservatory Theater, San Francisco, California in May2011 and ran through July 2011.For television, Moore has directed episodes of Dawson's Creek, One TreeHill, Everwood, and Brothers & Sisters. As a writer, Moore adapted the play The Floatplane Notebookswith Paul Fitzgerald from the novel by Clyde Edgerton. A staged reading of the play was presented at theNew Play Festival at the Charlotte, North Carolina Repertory Theatre in 1996, with a fully stagedproduction in 1998.In 2012, Moore made his film directorial debut with Pitch Perfect, starring AnnaKendrick and Brittany Snow. He also served as an executive producer on the sequel. He directed the filmSisters, starring Tina Fey and Amy Poehler, which was released on December 18, 2015. Moore's nextproject will be directing a live action Archie movie.FilmographyFilmsPitch Perfect (2012)Sisters(2015)Shotgun Wedding (2022)TelevisionSoundtrack writerPitch Perfect 2 (2015) (Also executiveproducer)The Voice (2015) (1 episode)Passage 2:Ian Barry (director)Ian Barry is an Australian director offilm and TV.Select creditsWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)Stone (1974) (editor only)The Chain Reaction(1980)Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)Minnamurra (1989)Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)Ring ofScorpio (1990) (mini-series)Crimebroker (1993)Inferno (1998) (TV movie)Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TVmovie)Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)The DoctorBlake Mysteries (2013)Passage 3:Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?Now Where Did the 7thCompany Get To? (French: Mais où est donc passée la septième compagnie?) is a 1973 French-Italiancomedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portrays the adventures of a French Army squadlost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France.PlotDuring the Battle of France,while German forces are spreading across the country, the 7th Transmission Company suffers an air raidnear the Machecoul woods, but survive and hide in the woods. Captain Dumont, the companycommander, sends Louis Chaudard, Pithiviers and Tassin to scout the area. After burying the radio cablebeneath a sandy road, the squad crosses the field, climbs a nearby hill, and takes position within acemetery. One man cut down the wrong tree for camouflage, pulling up the radio cable and revealing it tothe passing German infantry. The Germans cut the cable, surround the woods, and order a puzzled 7thCompany to surrender. The squad tries to contact the company, but then witness their capture and runaway.Commanded by Staff Sergeant Chaudard, the unit stops in a wood for the night. Pithiviers iscontent to slow down and wait for the end of the campaign. The next day, he goes for a swim in the lake,in sight of possible German fighters. When Chaudard and Tassin wake up, they leave the camp withouttheir weapons to look for Pithiviers. Tassin finds him and gives an angry warning, but Pithiviers convincesTassin to join him in the lake. Chaudard orders them to get out, but distracted by a rabbit, falls into thelake. While Chaudard teaches his men how to swim, two German fighter planes appear, forcing them outof the water. After shooting down one of the German planes, a French pilot, Lieutenant Duvauchel, makesan emergency landing and escapes before his plane explodes. PFC Pithiviers, seeing the bad shape of oneof his shoes, destroys what is left of his shoe sole. Tassin is sent on patrol to get food and a new pair ofshoes for Pithiviers. Tassin arrives in a farm, but only finds a dog, so he returns and Chaudard goes tothe farm after nightfall. The farmer returns with her daughter-in-law and Lt Duvauchel, and she


Passage 1:Ludwig II (2012 film)Ludwig II is a 2012 German-Austrian historical film directed by PeterSehr and Marie Noëlle, starring Sabin Tambrea as the younger Bavarian King Ludwig II and SebastianSchipper as the king in his later years.PlotCrown Prince Ludwig suffers under the authoritarian educationof his father King Maximilian II and has no interest in his militaristic attitude. In addition, because of hislove for music and the fine arts, Ludwig repeatedly incurs the displeasure of his father. For Ludwig, art ismore important than daily bread.Maximilian II dies unexpectedly of erysipelas, so Ludwig, full of idealism,ascends the Bavarian throne at the age of 18. At a time when war and poverty are omnipresent, hebelieves in a better world and wants to use his power to ensure that his people can live in peace andhappiness. He wants his kingdom to become a place where beauty, art and culture will flourish; instead ofweapons, Ludwig wants to invest public money in theatre, music and education.He spends his free timewith his young cousin, Sophie, the sister of the Austrian Empress Sissi. With her he can philosophiseabout music and the beauty of the world. Moreover, he has all of his rooms in the castle remodelled anddesigned according to his ideas.He loves Richard Wagner's operas, and his passion and admiration for thecontroversial composer's works and their legends are so great that he wants to bring Wagner to his court.To achieve this, he instructs the well-known music lover Johann von Lutz to track down Wagner and bringhim to his court. He awaits the arrival of his idol impatiently and receives him with great respect. Hesettles Wagner's debts and obtains a pardon for the revolutionary and politically persecuted composer.However, his ministers rebel against his expensive sponsorship of the composer.At first, Ludwig throwshimself into political business with enthusiasm. He initiates a school reform and distributesmusicalinstruments instead of weapons to his young cadets. He is of the opinion that if Bavaria should ever beattacked, the sound of Wagner's music will immediately disarm them. Even a conversation with hiscousin, Elisabeth of Austria, who wants to ask for help in preventing Prussia from waging war againstAustria, fails because of his naive belief that music alone is capable of keeping people's hearts in apeaceful .Ludwig's ministers are not satisfied with the power that Wagner's ideas seem to have over theyoung king. Ludwig increasingly neglects the affairs of government. The news of an impending warreaches him while he is on the road with Wagner in the Bavarian mountains. The composer suggests thathe replace the ministers who now want to go to war. They in turn threaten to resign from their positions ifLudwig does not part with Wagner and his influence. Since the king fears for his friend's life, he urges himto leave Bavaria. He realises that circumstances are against him, and his beloved kingdom gets involvedin the war with Prussia against his will. Disheartened, and showing first signs of delusional illnesses,Ludwig withdraws from public life.The news of the defeat of his army hits him hard, since he has spentthe money that was intended for modern rifles on musical instruments. His stable master, RichardHornig, is at his side and is willing to support him, but Ludwig does not want to admit his affection formen. In order to deal with the war defeat, he travels his country and shows himself to his people.Moreover, he plans his wedding with Sophie because he is convinced that the people expect this fromhim. As part of the wedding preparations, Wagner arrives at court again to take over the musical design.As a result, Ludwig meets a young singer, Heinrich Vogel, whom he wants to hear singing as Lohengrin,which incurs Wagner's displeasure.Sophie demands proof of love in the form of a kiss from her futurehusband. This leads to a scandal, and Ludwig cancels his already planned and longed-for weddingbecause he realises that, due to his homosexuality, which he does not confess to her or to others, hecannot have more than friendship with his fiancée. In a letter, he asks Sophie's forgiveness andunderstanding. In his opinion, she has the right to be happy, which would not be possible at his side inthe long run.In addition to those private problems, political events are catching up with him again.Bavaria's defeat by Prussia forces the country to enter the 1870-71 war against France as a compulsoryally of Otto von Bismarck. Bismarck's efforts to create an all-German empire, headed by an emperor,destroys the dream of a sovereign Bavarian kingdom continuing to exist. Ludwig's brother Otto suffers anervous breakdown and has to be taken to a sanatorium. The attending physician assumes that Otto willnot recover from his mental derangement. Ludwig promises to build his brother a castle where he can be


Passage 1:Jesse E. HobsonJesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director ofSRI International from 1947 to 1955. Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour ResearchFoundation.Early life and educationHobson was born in Marshall, Indiana. He received bachelor's andmaster's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering fromthe California Institute of Technology. Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstandingengineer.Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had fivechildren.CareerAwards and membershipsHobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948.Passage 2:BobbyColemanRobert Moorhouse "Bobby" Coleman III (born May 5, 1997) is an American actor.  He is bestknown for his roles as a child actor in the films Martian Child (2007), as the title character, and The LastSong (2010).Life and careerRobert Coleman was born in Los Angeles, California, the son of Doris Bergand Robert Moorhouse Coleman Jr. He is the younger brother of actress Holliston Coleman, and lives withhis family in the Los Angeles area.Coleman began acting at the age of five in commercials, and has sinceappeared in several film and television productions. He had brief appearances in a number of series suchas Medium and JAG, before moving into film roles. He appeared in the feature films Must Love Dogs andFriends with Money, and also had a recurring role in the television series Surface, before taking leadingroles in the films Glass House: The Good Mother and Take. He played the title lead role in the film MartianChild, his second role alongside John Cusack and is set to appear with his sister in Proving Ground: Fromthe Adventures of Captain Redlocks, in which he will play the younger brother of his real-life sister. Theyare both set to star together again in the science-fiction adventure film, Robosapien: Rebooted. Heappeared in the 2010 film The Last Song as Jonah Miller, the younger brother of Miley Cyrus'scharacter.FilmographyAwards2008 Young Artist AwardBest Performance in a Feature Film - Young ActorAge Ten or Younger for Martian Child — NominatedPassage 3:Martian ChildMartian Child is a 2007American comedy-drama film directed by Menno Meyjes and based on David Gerrold's 1994 novelette(not the expanded 2002 novel) of the same name. The film stars John Cusack as a writer who adopts astrange young boy (Bobby Coleman) who believes himself to be from Mars. The film was theatricallyreleased on November 2, 2007, by New Line Cinema.PlotDavid Gordon, a popular science fiction author,widowed two years prior as they were trying to adopt a child, is finally matched with a young boy,Dennis. Initially hesitant to adopt alone, he is drawn to him, seeing aspects of himself in him.Believing heis from Mars, Dennis protects himself from the sun's harmful rays, wears weights to counter Earth's weakgravity, eats only Lucky Charms, and hangs upside down to facilitate circulation. He refers often to hismission to study Earth and its people, taking pictures, taking things to catalog, and spending timeconsulting an ambiguous toy-like device with flashing lights that produces seemingly unintelligiblewords.Once David decides to adopt Dennis, he spends time getting to know him, patiently coaxing himout of the large cardboard box he hides in. Soon, David is cleared to take Dennis home and meet David'sdog, "Somewhere." In Dennis's bedroom is a projector of the solar system that he pronounces inaccurate.With the help of his friend Harlee and sister Liz, David tries to help Dennis overcome his delusion by bothindulging it and encouraging him to act like everyone else. Dennis attends school but is quickly expelledfor repeatedly 'stealing' items for his collection. Frustrated, David tells Liz that perhaps Dennis is fromMars.Meanwhile, David's literary agent, Jeff, pushes him to finish writing his commissioned sequel, whichis due soon. He struggles to make time for writing, regularly pulled away from it to deal with Dennis.While sitting down to write, the flash from Dennis's Polaroid camera catches him off-guard and heaccidentally breaks some glass. David picks Dennis up and carries him across the room. Upset by David'sabrupt action, the boy fears he is going to be sent away. David explains that he was just worried he'd getcut by the glass and that he loves him more than his material possessions. Assuring him that he willnever send him away, he encourages Dennis to break more things. They move to the kitchen and breakdishes and then spray ketchup and dish detergent at each other. Lefkowitz, from Social Services, appearsin the window and sees the mayhem. He rebukes David, setting up a case review.David encouragesDennis to be from Mars only at home; though he must be from Earth everywhere else. Passing his


Passage 1:Dana BlanksteinDana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of theSam Spiegel Film and Television School. She was appointed by the board of directors  in November2019.  Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television. She is a film director,and an Israeli culture entrepreneur.BiographyDana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatredirector Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein. She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in TelAviv.Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with highhonors. During her studies she worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina'sTragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners.  She also directed and shot 'the making of' film onGavison's film Lost and Found. Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival,2007.Film and academic careerAfter her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and televisiondepartment at the Kfar Saba municipality. The department encouraged and promoted productions filmedin the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational communityactivities.Blankstein directed the mini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012). From 2016-2019 was the director ofthe Israeli Academy of Film and Television.In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed thenew director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam SpiegelInternational Film Lab. In 2022, she spearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the filmpreparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem.FilmographyTel Aviviot (mini-series; director,2012)Growing Pains (graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)Camping (debut film,Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)Passage 2:Richard T. JonesRichard Timothy Jones (bornJanuary 16, 1972) is an American actor. He has worked extensively in both film and televisionproductions since the early 1990s. His television roles include Ally McBeal (1997), Judging Amy(1998–2005), CSI: Miami (2006), Girlfriends (2007), Grey's Anatomy (2010), Hawaii Five-0(2011–2014), Narcos (2015), and Criminal Minds (2017). Since 2018, he has played Police SergeantWade Grey on the ABC police drama The Rookie.His film roles include portrayals of Lamont Carr inDisney's Full Court Miracle (2003), Laveinio "Slim" Hightower in Rick Famuyiwa's coming-of-age film TheWood (1999), Mike in Tyler Perry's dramatic films Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and Why Did I GetMarried Too? (2010), and Captain Russell Hampton in the Hollywood blockbuster Godzilla (2014).EarlylifeJones was born in Kobe, Japan, to American parents and grew up in Carson, California. He is the sonof Lorene, a computer analyst, and Clarence Jones, a professional baseball player who at the time ofJones' birth was playing for the Nankai Hawks in Osaka. He has an older brother, Clarence Jones Jr., whoworks as a high school basketball coach. They would return to North America after Clarence's retirementfollowing the 1978 season. His parents later divorced. Jones attended Bishop Montgomery High School inTorrance, California, then graduated from Tuskegee University.CareerSince the early 1990s, Jones hasworked in both film and television productions.His first television role was in a 1993 episode of the seriesCalifornia Dreams. That same year, he appeared as Ike Turner, Jr. in What's Love Got to Do with It. From1999 to 2005, he starred as Bruce Calvin van Exel in the CBS legal drama series Judging Amy.Over thenext two decades, Jones starred or guest-starred in high-profile television series such as Ally McBeal(1997), CSI: Miami (2006), Girlfriends (2007), Grey's Anatomy (2010), Hawaii Five-0 (2011–2014),Narcos (2015), and Criminal Minds (2017).His film roles include portrayals of Lamont Carr in the Disneyfilm Full Court Miracle (2003), Laveinio "Slim" Hightower in Rick Famuyiwa's coming-of-age film TheWood (1999), and Mike in Tyler Perry's dramatic films Why Did I Get Married? (2007) and Why Did I GetMarried Too? (2010), and Captain Russell Hampton in the Hollywood blockbuster Godzilla (2014).From2017 to 2018, Jones played Detective Tommy Cavanaugh in the CBS drama series Wisdom of theCrowd.Since February 2018, Jones has played the role of Sergeant Wade Gray in the ABC policeprocedural drama series The Rookie with Nathan Fillion.Personal lifeJoshua Media Ministries claims that itsleader, David E. Taylor, mentors Jones in ministry, and that Jones has donated $1 million to itsefforts.FilmographyFilmTelevisionPassage 3:Brian Kennedy (gallery director)Brian Patrick Kennedy (born5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and


Passage 1:Alexandru CristeaAlexandru Cristea (1890–1942) was the composer of the music for "LimbaNoastră", current national anthem of Moldova.BiographyA choir director, a composer and music teacher.Taught at the  "Vasile Kormilov" music school (1928) with Gavriil Afanasiu and the  "Unirea"Conservatory (1927–1929) in Chişinău with Alexandru Antonovschi (canto), he was the master of vocalmusic from Chişinău (1920–1940), professor of music and conductor of the choir in the boys gymnasium"Ion Heliade Rădulescu" in Bucureti (1940–1941). Later, between 1941 and 1942, he directed the choirat the "Queen Mother Elena" high school from Chişinău. In 1920, he was ordained as a deacon of the St.George Church in Chişinău, from 1927 to 1941 was a deacon holds the Metropolitan Cathedral ofChişinău.CreationHis main creation is considered the music for "Limba Noastră", current national anthemof Moldova, composed in the lyrics of the priest-poet Alexei Mateevici. He was awarded the “Răsplatamuncii pentru biserică”.Passage 2:Karl Wilhelm (conductor)Karl Wilhelm, also Carl Wilhelm (5 September1815, Schmalkalden – 26 August 1873, Schmalkalden) was a German choral director. He is best knownas the composer of the music of the song “Die Wacht am Rhein.”BiographyWilhelm was born inSchmalkalden. He studied at Cassel under Louis Spohr, and then in Frankfurt am Main with Aloys Schmittand A. André. From 1841 to 1864 he was the director of the Krefeld Liedertafel for which he composednumerous male choruses. In Krefeld in 1854 he set to words “Die Wacht am Rhein,” the poem MaxSchneckenburger wrote in 1840. In recognition of the success and the national importance of this song,he received the title of “Royal Prussian Musical Director” in 1860, and four years later received a goldmedal from Queen (later Empress) Augusta.On 24 June 1871, he received a personal acknowledgementfrom Chancellor of the German Empire Otto von Bismarck. In the same year, he received an annual giftfrom the government of 3,000 marks, which was then more than four times a typical salary.From 1865on, Wilhelm worked as the director of the music society in Schmalkalden, where he died eight yearslater.NotesPassage 3:Pydimarri Venkata Subba RaoPydimarri Venkata Subba Rao (10 June 1916 – 1988)was a Telugu author who is best remembered as the composer of the National Pledge of India.Writer andpolyglotSubba Rao was a native of Anneparthy village in the Nalgonda District of Telangana. He was apolyglot, having mastered Sanskrit, Telugu, English and Arabic. He was also a naturopathy doctor and abureaucrat who wrote several books in Telugu, the most famous of which is the novelKalabhairavudu.Composer of the National PledgeSubba Rao composed the National Pledge in Telugu in1962 while he was serving as the District Treasury Officer of Vishakhapatnam District of Andhra Pradesh.He was a close associate of the nationalist leader Tenneti Viswanadham, who forwarded the pledge to thethen Education Minister of Andhra Pradesh, P.V.G. Raju who was also known as the Raja Saheb ofVizianagaram. Raju directed all the schools in the district to have the students take the pledge and it wassubsequently taken up at the national level. The Advisory Committee of the Department of Education,Government of India at its meeting in Bangalore in 1964 decided to introduce the pledge in all schoolsnationally from 26 January 1965. The Government of India had it translated into seven languages anddirected that it be taken in schools every day.  Curiously, Subba Rao himself remained unaware of thestatus of this pledge as the National Pledge. It was only when, after his retirement, he happened to hearhis granddaughter read the pledge from a textbook that he and his family realised this. The records withthe Union Human Resources Development Ministry also record him as the author of the Pledge althoughhis family's letters to the central and state governments remained unanswered until his death in1988.Golden Jubilee Celebrations2012 marks the golden jubilee year of the National Pledge and there areplans afoot to commemorate it and the author as part of the celebrations.Passage 4:AlexanderCourageAlexander Mair Courage Jr. (December 10, 1919 – May 15, 2008) familiarly known as "Sandy"Courage, was an American orchestrator, arranger, and composer of music, primarily for television andfilm. He is best known as the composer of the theme music for the original Star Trek series.EarlylifeCourage was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He received a music degree from the Eastman Schoolof Music in Rochester, New York, in 1941. He served in the United States Army Air Forces in the westernUnited States during the Second World War. During that period, he also found the time to compose music


Passage 1:Don River (North Queensland)The Don River is a river in North Queensland, Australia.Course and featuresThe Don River rises in the Clarke Range, part of the Great Dividing Range, below Mount Roundhill and west of Proserpine. The river flows generally north by northeast through the Eungella National Park and is joined by thirteen minor tributaries, towards its mouth and empties into the Coral Sea north of Bowen. With a catchment area of 1,200 square kilometres (460 sq mi), the river descends 253 metres (830 ft) over its 60-kilometre (37 mi) course.High salinity levels have been recorded at the mouth of the river. Land use in the upper catchment is mostly beef cattle production with crops grown in the richer soils downstream.The river is crossed by the Bruce Highway via the Don River Bridge at Bowen.FloodingThe highest recorded flood was in 1970 when the river reached 7.25 metres (23.8 ft) at the Bowen Pumping Station. The river delta is particularly vulnerable to flooding during cyclones.Floods in 2008 left deposits of sand which raised the riverbed considerably. Approval to dredge sand was granted by the Queensland Government, however only about half of that has been removed in recent years. A flood in 2008 lead the Whitsunday Regional Council to create a channel so that similar flooding could be avoided.A management plan for the river was established late in 2008.  It included measures to encourage further sand extraction.See alsoList of rivers of Australia § QueenslandPassage 2:Bowen River (Queensland)The Bowen River is a river in North Queensland, Australia.Course and featuresFormed by the confluence of the Broken River and the Little Bowen River near Tent Hill in the Normanby Range, part of the Great Dividing Range, the Bowen River flows in a north-westerly direction along the base of the range then flows west across Emu Plains and is crossed by the Bowen Developmental Road just north of Havilah. The river then flows north-west again between the Herbert Range and Leichhardt Range then discharges into the Burdekin River, south southeast of Ravenswood. The river descends 98 metres (322 ft) over its 129-kilometre (80 mi) course.The catchment area of the river occupies 9,452 square kilometres (3,649 sq mi) of which an area of 236 square kilometres (91 sq mi) is composed of riverine wetlands. The catchment is in poor condition with much of the riparian habitat having been cleared and prone to erosion. The area is mostly used for cattle grazing with the towns of Collinsville and Glendon both drawing their town water supply from the Bowen River Weir. The river has a mean annual discharge of 1,618 gigalitres (3.56×1011 imp gal; 4.27×1011 US gal).The Bowen River Weir supplies water to a coal mine, power station and the township of Collinsville.HistoryThe river was named in 1861 by the Queensland Government, derived from the name of the town Bowen which was named in honour of Sir George Bowen, a  Governor of Queensland.In the 1860s, Richard Daintree made mineral discoveries along the river. Daintree made the first systematic examination of the Bowen River coal seams near Collinsville.Circa 1865, the Bowen River Hotel was built at the top of a steep bank of the river (20.534°S 147.5562°E / -20.534; 147.5562 (Bowen River Hotel)). The hotel is now listed on the Queensland Heritage Register.Construction of the Bowen River Weir commenced in April 1982 and was completed in August 1983. The A$6.5 million project is situated approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Collinsville and delivers water to the Newlands Coal Mine.See alsoList of rivers of Australia § QueenslandPassage 3:Alder Creek (Siskiyou County, California)Alder Creek is a  river located in Siskiyou County, California.Passage 4:Bighead RiverThe Bighead River is a river in Grey County in southern Ontario, Canada, that flows from the Niagara Escarpment between the communities along Ontario Highway 10 of Arnott and Holland Centre in the township of Chatsworth to empty into Nottawasaga Bay, an inlet of Georgian Bay on Lake Huron, at Meaford.The river crosses the Bruce Trail in the valley between the Spey River Forest Area and the Walters Falls Conservation Area.TributariesEast Minniehill Creek (right)Minniehill Creek (right)Rocklyn Creek (right)Walters Creek (right)See alsoList of rivers of OntarioPassage 5:Aibiki RiverThe Aibiki River (, Aibiki-gawa) is a river located in Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan.NameThe river is named "Aibiki" (roughly translating as "mutual pulling") because both its source and its mouth are in the Seto Inland Sea. During low tide, the river flows towards both the mouth and the origin, making it seem like it is being pulled both ways.It is also said that the name came about during the Battle of Yashima, which was fought between the Minamoto and Taira clans.Passage 6:Haughton RiverThe Haughton River is a river in North Queensland,


Passage 1:Jesse E. HobsonJesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director ofSRI International from 1947 to 1955. Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour ResearchFoundation.Early life and educationHobson was born in Marshall, Indiana. He received bachelor's andmaster's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering fromthe California Institute of Technology. Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstandingengineer.Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had fivechildren.CareerAwards and membershipsHobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948.Passage 2:The Time,the Place and the Girl (1946 film)The Time, the Place and the Girl is a 1946 American musical filmdirected in Technicolor by David Butler. It is unrelated to the 1929 film The Time, the Place and theGirl.PlotSteve and Jeff are about to open a nightclub when a man named Martin Drew who representsconductor Ladislaus Cassel claims that Cassel, who is living next door, objects to the club's music andthat it disturbs his granddaughter, Victoria, an aspiring opera singer.It turns out that Cassel himself isfine with the club but Vicki's grandmother Lucia is against it. Cassel also urges Vicki not to marry Andrew,her fiance, without being certain. After she meets Steve, she is attracted to him. Steve has a girlfriend,Elaine Winters, who is trying to persuade John Braden, a rich Texan, to finance the club. Elaine is upsetabout Vicki's presence and threatens to marry Braden.Jeff and his girlfriend, singer Sue Jackson, hope toget a new show off the ground, but both Vicky's grandmother and Steve's girl Elaine keep interfering.Cassel offers to finance the show provided Vicky can be in it. Lucia is livid until she reluctantly attends theshow, at which she is charmed and gives her approval.CastSoundtrack"A Rainy Night in Rio"'Music byArthur SchwartzLyrics by Leo RobinPerformed by Jack Carson, Dennis Morgan, Janis Page and MarthaVickers (dubbed by Sally Sweetland)"Oh, But I Do"Music by Arthur SchwartzLyrics by Leo RobinSung byDennis Morgan"A Gal in Calico" (Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song of 1948)Musicby Arthur SchwartzLyrics by Leo RobinPerformed by Dennis Morgan, Jack Carson, Martha Vickers (dubbedby Sally Sweetland) and chorus"Through a Thousand Dreams"Music by Arthur SchwartzLyrics by LeoRobin"A Solid Citizen of the Solid South"Music by Arthur SchwartzLyrics by Leo RobinPerformed by JackCarson and the Condos Brothers"I Happened to Walk Down First Street"Music by Arthur SchwartzLyricsby Leo RobinBox officeAccording to Warner Bros. records, it was the studio's most financially successfulfilm of 1946–47, earning $3,461,000 domestically and $1,370,000 in foreign territories.Passage 3:TheDivine NymphThe Divine Nymph (Italian: Divina creatura) is a 1975 Italian drama film directed byGiuseppe Patroni Griffi and starring Laura Antonelli, Marcello Mastroianni, Michele Placido and TerenceStamp. It was entered into the 26th Berlin International Film Festival. It was distributed in the U.S. byAnalysis Film Releasing Corp.PlotDuring the Roaring Twenties, a beautiful woman (Laura Antonelli) isengaged to one man, but has an affair with both a young nobleman (Terence Stamp) and later his cousin(Marcello Mastroianni), playing them against each other.CastLaura Antonelli - Manoela RoderighiTerenceStamp - Dany di BagnascoMichele Placido - Martino GhiondelliDuilio Del Prete - ArmelliniEttore Manni -Marco PisaniCarlo Tamberlani - Majordomo PasqualinoCecilia Polizzi - Dany's MaidPiero Di Iorio -Cameriere di StefanoMarina Berti - Manoela's AuntDoris Duranti - Signora FonesMarcello Mastroianni -Michele BarraTina AumontRita SilvaCorrado AnnicelliGino CassaniSee alsoList of Italian films of1975Passage 4:Giuseppe Patroni GriffiGiuseppe Patroni Griffi (26 February 1921 – 15 December 2005)was an Italian playwright, screenwriter, director and author.He was born in Naples in an aristocraticfamily and moved to Rome immediately after the end of World War II and spent his professional lifethere. Patroni Griffi is considered one of the most prominent contributors to Italian theater and film inpost-war Italy.Roberto Rossellini made a film from his play Anima nera.His first listed film writing creditwas on the 1952 musical Canzoni di mezzo secolo. Patroni Griffi would later direct Charlotte Rampling,Elizabeth Taylor, Marcello Mastroianni, Laura Antonelli, Florinda Bolkan, Terence Stamp, FabioTesti.Patroni Griffi was also involved with numerous television productions of lyric opera, including Verdi'sLa Traviata. His many theatrical productions include works by Pirandello, Eduardo De Filippo, JeanCocteau and Tennessee Williams. As a writer, he published a first collection of stories in 1955, Ragazzo di


Passage 1:Shaadi Ka LaddooShaadi Ka Laddoo is a 2004 Indian Hindi comedy film directed by RajKaushal. The film was released on 23 April 2004.Plot SummaryShomu and his wife Meenu are a happilymarried couple with two children. Shomu decides to travel to Britain for business purposes, as well as tomeet his childhood friend, Ravi Kapoor. Once in Britain, Shomu finds himself getting close to singlewomen, and realises that he is now ready for an extra-marital affair. His friend, Ravi Kapoor, on thecontrary believes that Shomu is the luckiest man on earth, as he is in love with his wife, and theirmarriage is rock steady. Not trusting her husband, Meenu asks a U.K. based friend to check up on him.The friend reports back that Shomu is involved with a woman named Tara. Meenu decides to go to Britainas well and catch Shomu red-handed. In the meantime, Ravi meets with a waitress named MenakaChoudhary and decides to propose marriage to her, apprehensive that she too will turn him down. Thestage is all set for sparks to fly, and emotions to rise.CastSanjay Suri as Som DuttaMandira Bedi asTaraAashish Chaudhary as Ravi KapoorDivya Dutta as GeetuSamita Bangargi as MenekaChoudharySameer Malhotra as Geetu's UncleNegar Khan as SheenaJohn ClubbSoundtrackPassage2:Gertrude of BavariaGertrude of Bavaria (Danish and German: Gertrud; 1152/55–1197) was Duchess ofSwabia as the spouse of Duke Frederick IV, and Queen of Denmark as the spouse of King CanuteVI.Gertrude was born to Henry the Lion of Bavaria and Saxony and Clementia of Zähringen in either 1152or 1155. She was married to Frederick IV, Duke of Swabia, in 1166, and became a widow in 1167. In1171 she was engaged and in February 1177 married to Canute of Denmark in Lund. The couple lived thefirst years in Skåne. On 12 May 1182, they became king and queen. She did not have any children.During her second marriage, she chose to live in chastity and celibacy with her husband. Arnold of Lübeckremarked of their marriage, that her spouse was: "The most chaste one, living thus his days with hischaste spouse" in eternal chastity.Passage 3:Marie-Louise CoidavidQueen Marie Louise Coidavid (1778 –11 March 1851) was the Queen of the Kingdom of Haiti 1811–20 as the spouse of Henri Christophe.EarlylifeMarie-Louise was born into a free black family; her father was the owner of Hotel de la Couronne,Cap-Haïtien. Henri Christophe was a slave purchased by her father. Supposedly, he earned enoughmoney in tips from his duties at the hotel that he was able to purchase his freedom before the HaitianRevolution. They married in Cap-Haïtien in 1793, having had a relationship with him from the year prior.They had four children: François Ferdinand (born 1794), Françoise-Améthyste (d. 1831), Athénaïs (d.1839) and Victor-Henri.At her spouse's new position in 1798, she moved to the Sans-Souci Palace.During the French invasion, she and her children lived underground until 1803.QueenIn 1811,Marie-Louise was given the title of queen upon the creation of the Kingdom of Haiti. Her new status gaveher ceremonial tasks to perform, ladies-in-waiting, a secretary and her own court. She took her positionseriously, and stated that the title "given to her by the nation" also gave her responsibilities and duties toperform. She served as the hostess of the ceremonial royal court life performed at the Sans-Souci Palace.She did not involve herself in the affairs of state. She was given the position of Regent should her sonsucceed her spouse while still being a minor.  However, as her son became of age before the death of hisfather, this was never to materialize.After the death of the king in 1820, she remained with her daughtersAméthyste and Athénaïs at the palace until they were escorted from it by his followers together with hiscorpse; after their departure, the palace was attacked and plundered. Marie-Louise and her daughterswere given the property Lambert outside Cap. She was visited by president Jean Pierre Boyer, whooffered her his protection; he denied the spurs of gold she gave him, stating that he was the leader ofpoor people. They were allowed to settle in Port-au-Prince. Marie-Louise was described as calm andresigned, but her daughters, especially Athénaïs, were described as vengeful.ExileThe Queen was in exilefor 30 years. In August 1821, the former queen left Haiti with her daughters under the protection of theBritish admiral Sir Home Popham, and travelled to London. There were rumours that she was searchingfor the money, three million, deposited by her spouse in Europe. Whatever the case, she did live the restof her life without economic difficulties. The English climate and pollution during the Industrial Revolutionwas determintal to Améthyste's health, and eventually they decided to leave.In 1824, Marie-Louise and


Passage 1:Shaheen KhanShaheen Khan may refer to:Shaheen Khan (Indian actress), IndianactressShaheen Khan (Pakistani actress) (born 1960), Pakistani actressShaheen Khan (British actress)(born 1960), British actressShaheen Khan (cricketer) (born 1987), South African cricketerPassage2:Brooks, Meadows and Lovely FacesBrooks, Meadows and Lovely Faces (Arabic:   , translit. Brooks, Meadows and Lovely Faces) is a 2016 Egyptiancomedy film directed by Yousry Nasrallah. It was selected to be screened in the Contemporary WorldCinema section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.CastLaila ElouiBassem SamraMennaShalabiPassage 3:Thou Wast Mild and LovelyThou Wast Mild and Lovely is a 2014 experimental thrillerfilm written and directed by Josephine Decker and starring Joe Swanberg, Sophie Traub, and RobertLongstreet.CastJoe Swanberg as AkinSophie Traub as SarahRobert Longstreet as JeremiahKristinSlaysman as DrewMatt Orme as CarenGeoff Marslett as RichardPlotAkin is hired to work a summer job ona farm owned by Jeremiah and his daughter Sarah. As he arrives at the property, he removes hiswedding ring before getting out of the car, and tells the other two he is single and has no children. He isgiven a room to live at the farm for the summer. Jeremiah drinks a lot, and gives Akin the nickname"shoulders" because he thinks the man's shoulders are always tense from keeping a secret. Akin tries totalk to his wife Drew on the phone, but the poor cell service makes it difficult. Sarah and Akin becomeinterested in each other from afar, and spy on each other multiple times. While the two of them aretracking down a lost cow at the edge of the property, Sarah finds a frog and bites its head off, whichcauses Akin to finally kiss her and ultimately rape her. She smiles afterwards.When Akin tells the othertwo at dinner that he has a roommate, Jeremiah reveals that he knows Akin's secret: the tan line on hisfinger makes it obvious that he's married. Jeremiah jokes that he too has a roommate that he has keptalive for a long time by continuing to clean his wounds. Sarah finds a family photo in Akin's room the nextday, which shows he also has a son. Sarah and Akin continue to spend time together, and she teacheshim how to improve his horseback skills.The landline phone rings, and Drew is on the other endexplaining that she's been trying to contact them because she hasn't heard from Akin in a while. She tellshim that she and their son are going to come visit the farm. The visit goes well at first, but during dinnerwhen Drew comments about Akin being "quiet", Sarah responds that he has been very talkative to her.Jeremiah explains that Akin had been lying about his marriage to get closer to Sarah, causing anawkward silence. That night, Drew is lying on the couch drunk, barely conscious. Jeremiah starts sayingvulgar, sexual things about her, so Akin carries her to his room. He awakes later to an empty bed, andfinds Drew back in the house chatting with Sarah. They mention that Drew and Akin had a daughter whohad passed away. Sarah blindfolds Akin and the three of them begin to have sex together. In the middleof the act, Akin removes the blindfold and sees that Jeremiah and a neighbor have been watching them.Jeremiah attacks the neighbor and tries to force himself on Drew. Akin tries to carry Drew away, butJeremiah knocks him out.Akin awakes tied up inside the barn, where he sees a man's face that is coveredin wounds and blood. Sarah appears and cuts Akin loose. They return to the house to find Jeremiah witha knife. He stabs Akin, but Sarah reacts by shooting him. As Sarah is crying over Jeremiah's dying body,Drew storms in with an axe and swings it on both Sarah and Jeremiah. Akin and Drew grab their son whois wandering the yard crying, and drive away.ProductionTo raise money for the film's post-production,Decker ran a crowdfunding campaign on the website Kickstarter with a goal of $15,500.  The campaignclosed on August 22, 2013, having successfully raised $18,517.  Decker has cited John Steinbeck's novelEast of Eden as inspiration for elements of the film, though David Rooney of The Hollywood Reporter hascompared the visuals of the film to the works of Terrence Malick. The visual style continues some of theexperimental camera techniques Decker and cinematographer Ashley Connor had used in their previouscollaboration, Butter on the Latch, including some shots that were recorded without a lens on thecamera.ReleaseMediaIn September 2014, Thou Wast Mild and Lovely was picked up for theatrical andVOD distribution by Cinelicious Pics along with Decker's 2013 film Butter on the Latch with a release setfor November 2014.ReceptionCritical responseThou Wast Mild and Lovely received a positive response


Passage 1:Valley of DeathValley of Death may refer to:PlacesValley of Death (Bydgoszcz), the site of a1939 Nazi mass murder and mass grave site in northern PolandValley of Death (Crimea), the site of theCharge of the Light Brigade in the 1854 Battle of BalaclavaValley of Death (Gettysburg), the 1863Gettysburg Battlefield landform of Plum RunValley of Death (Dukla Pass), the site of a tank battle duringthe Battle of the Dukla Pass in 1944 (World War II)The Valley of Death, an area of poisonous volcanic gasnear the Kikhpinych volcano in RussiaThe Valley of Death, an area of poisonous volcanic gas near theTangkuban Perahu volcano in IndonesiaValley of Death, a nickname for the highly polluted city ofCubatão, BrazilOther usesThe Valley of Death (audio drama), a Doctor Who audio playThe Valley of Death(film), a 1968 western film"Valley of Death", the flawed NewsStand: CNN & Time debut program thatcaused the Operation Tailwind controversyA literary element of "The Charge of the Light Brigade" byAlfred, Lord TennysonA reference to the difficulty of covering negative cash flow in the early stages of astart-up company; see Venture capital"The Valley of Death", a song by the Swedish heavy metal bandSabaton from the 2022 album The War to End All WarsSee alsoAll pages with titles containing Valley ofDeathDeath Valley (disambiguation)Valley of the Shadow of Death (disambiguation)Passage2:Beaulieu-sur-LoireBeaulieu-sur-Loire (French pronunciation: [boljø sy lwa], literally Beaulieu onLoire) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France. It is the place of death of JacquesMacDonald, a French general who served in the Napoleonic Wars.PopulationSee alsoCommunes of theLoiret departmentPassage 3:Place of originIn Switzerland, the place of origin (German: Heimatort orBürgerort, literally "home place" or "citizen place"; French: Lieu d'origine; Italian: Luogo di attinenza)denotes where a Swiss citizen has their municipal citizenship, usually inherited from previousgenerations. It is not to be confused with the place of birth or  place of residence, although two or allthree of these locations may be identical depending on the person's circumstances.Acquisition ofmunicipal citizenshipSwiss citizenship has three tiers. For a person applying to naturalise as a Swisscitizen, these tiers are as follows:Municipal citizenship, granted by the place of residence after fulfillingseveral preconditions, such as sufficient knowledge of the local language, integration into local society,and a minimum number of years lived in said municipality.Cantonal (state) citizenship, for which a Swissmunicipal citizenship is required. This requires a certain number of years lived in said canton.Countrycitizenship, for which both of the above are required, also requires a certain number of years lived inSwitzerland (except for people married to a Swiss citizen, who may obtain simplified naturalisationwithout having to reside in Switzerland), and involves a criminal background check.The last two kinds ofcitizenship are a mere formality, while municipal citizenship is the most significant step in becoming aSwiss citizen. Nowadays the place of residence determines the municipality where citizenship is acquired,for a new applicant, whereas previously there was a historical reason for preserving the municipalcitizenship from earlier generations in the family line, namely to specify which municipality held theresponsibility of providing social welfare. The law has now been changed, eliminating this form ofallocating responsibility to a municipality other than that of the place of residence. Care needs to betaken when translating the term in Swiss documents which list the historical "Heimatort" instead of theusual place of birth and place of residence.However, any Swiss citizen can apply for a second, a third oreven more municipal citizenships for prestige reasons or to show their connection to the place theycurrently live – and thus have several places of origin. As the legal significance of the place of origin haswaned (see below), Swiss citizens can often apply for municipal citizenship for no more than 100 Swissfrancs after having lived in the same municipality for one or two years. In the past, it was common tohave to pay between 2,000 and 4,000 Swiss francs as a citizenship fee, because of the financialobligations incumbent on the municipality to grant the citizenship.A child born to two Swiss parents isautomatically granted the citizenship of the parent whose last name they hold, so the child gets either themother's or the father's place of origin. A child born to one Swiss parent and one foreign parent acquiresthe citizenship, and thus the place of origin, of the Swiss parent.International confusionAlmost uniquely inthe world (with the exception of Japan, which lists one's Registered Domicile; and Sweden, which lists the


Passage 1:W. Augustus BarrattW. Augustus Barratt (3 June 1873 – 12 April 1947) was a Scottish-born,later American, songwriter and musician.Early life and songsWalter Augustus Barratt was born 3 June1873 in Kilmarnock, the son of composer John Barratt; the family later lived in Paisley. In 1893 he won ascholarship for composition to the Royal College of Music.In his early twenties he contributed to TheScottish Students' Song Book, with three of his own song compositions and numerous arrangements.Bythe end of 1897 he had published dozens of songs, such as Sir Patrick Spens, The Death of Cuthullin, analbum of his own compositions, and arrangements of ten songs by Samuel Lover.He then, living inLondon, turned his attention to staged musical comedy, co-creating, with Adrian Ross, The Tree DumasSkiteers, a skit, based on Sydney Grundy's The Musketeers that starred Herbert Beerbohm Tree. Heco-composed with Howard Talbot the successful Kitty Grey (1900).He continued to write songs and toreceive recognition for them. The 1901 and 1902 BBC Promenade Concerts, "The Proms", included four ofhis compositions, namely Come back, sweet Love, The Mermaid, My Peggy and Private Donald.His settingof My Ships, a poem by Ella Wheeler Wilcox, was performed by Clara Butt and republished several times.It also appeared four times, with different singers, in the 1913 and 1914 Proms.AmericaIn September1904 he went to live in New York City, finding employment with shows on Broadway, including thefollowing roles:on-stage actor (Sir Benjamin Backbite) in Lady Teazle (1904-1905), a musical version ofThe School for Scandal;musical director of The Little Michus (1907), also featuring songs byBarratt;co-composer of Miss Pocahontas (1907), a musical comedy;musical director of The Love Cure(1909–1910), a musical romance;composer of The Girl and the Drummer (1910), a musical romance withbook by George Broadhurst. Tried out in Chicago and elsewhere, it did not do well and never reachedBroadway;musical director of The Quaker Girl (1911–1912);co-composer and musical director of My BestGirl (1912);musical director of The Sunshine Girl (1913);musical director of The Girl who Smiles (1915),a musical comedy;musical director and contributor to music and lyrics of Her Soldier Boy(1916–1917);composer, lyricist and musical director of Fancy Free (1918), with book by DorothyDonnelly and Edgar Smith;contributor of a song to The Passing Show of 1918;composer and musicaldirector of Little Simplicity (1918), with book and lyrics by Rida Johnson Young;contributor of lyrics toThe Melting of Molly (1918–1919), a musical comedy;musical director of What's in a Name? (1920), amusical revue1921 in LondonThough domiciled in the US, he made several visits back to England. Duringan extended stay in 1921 he played a major part in the creation of two shows, both produced by CharlesB. Cochran, namelyLeague of Notions, at the New Oxford Theatre, for which he composed the music andco-wrote, with John Murray Anderson, the lyrics;Fun of the Fayre, at the London Pavilion, for whichsimilarly he wrote the music and co-wrote the lyricsBack to BroadwayBack in the US he returned toBroadway, working ascomposer and lyricist of Jack and Jill (1923), a musical comedy;musical director ofThe Silver Swan (1929), a musical romanceRadio playsIn later years he wrote plays and operettas mostlyfor radio, such as:Snapshots: a radioperetta (1929)Sushannah and the Brush Wielders: a play in 1 act(1929)The Magic Voice: a radio series (1933)Men of Action: a series of radio sketches (1933)Say, Uncle:a radio series (1933)Sealed Orders: a radio drama (1934)Sergeant Gabriel (with Hugh Abercrombie)(1945)PersonalIn 1897 in London he married Lizzie May Stoner. They had one son. In 1904 he emigratedto the US and lived in New York City. His first marriage ended in divorce in 1915 and, in 1918, he marriedEthel J Moore, who was American. In 1924, he became a naturalized American citizen. He died on 12 April1947 in New York City.Note on his first nameThe book British Musical Biography by Brown & Stratton(1897) in its entry for John Barratt refers to "his son William Augustus Barratt" with details that make itclear that Walter Augustus Barratt is the same person and that a "William" Augustus Barratt is a mistake.For professional purposes up to about 1900 he appears to have written as "W. Augustus Barratt", andthereafter mostly as simply "Augustus Barratt".Passage 2:AlludugaruAlludugaru or Alludu Garu  is a 1990Indian Telugu-language drama film directed by K. Raghavendra Rao and produced by Mohan Babu underLakshmi Prasanna Films. This film stars Mohan Babu and Shobhana in lead roles, while Ramya Krishnaalso appeared in an important supporting role. It was commercially and critically successful running for