Passage 1:Olav AaraasOlav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historian and museum director.Hewas born in Fredrikstad. From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to2010 he was the director of Maihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the NorwegianMuseum of Cultural History. In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St.Olav.Passage 2:John DonatichJohn Donatich is the Director of Yale University Press.Early lifeHe receiveda BA from New York University in 1982, graduating magna cum laude. He also got a master's degreefrom NYU in 1984, graduating summa cum laude.CareerDonatich worked as director of National Accountsat Putnam Publishing Group from 1989 to 1992.His writing has appeared in various periodicals includingHarper's, The Atlantic Monthly and The Village Voice.He worked at HarperCollins from 1992 to 1996,serving as director of national accounts and then as vice president and director of product and marketingdevelopment.From 1995 to 2003, Donatich served as publisher and vice president of Basic Books. Whilethere, he started the Art of Mentoring series of books, which would run from 2001 to 2008.  While atBasic Books, Donatich published such authors as Christopher Hitchens, Steven Pinker, Samantha Power,Alan Dershowitz, Sir Martin Rees and Richard Florida.In 2003, Donatich became the director of the YaleUniversity Press.  At Yale, Donatich published such authors as Michael Walzer, Janet Malcolm, E. H.Gombrich, Michael Fried, Edmund Morgan and T. J.  Clark.  Donatich began the Margellos World Republicof Letters, a literature in translation series that published such authors as Adonis, Norman Manea andClaudio Magris. He also launched the digital archive platform, The Stalin Digital Archive and theEncounters Chinese Language multimedia platform.In 2009, he briefly gained media attention when hewas involved in the decision to expunge the Muhammad cartoons from the Yale University Press book TheCartoons that Shook the World, for fear of Muslim violence.He is the author of a memoir, Ambivalence, aLove Story, and a novel, The Variations.BooksAmbivalence, a Love Story: Portrait of a Marriage(memoir), St. Martin's Press, 2005.The Variations (novel), Henry Holt, March, 2012ArticlesWhy BooksStill Matter, Journal of Scholarly Publishing, Volume 40, Number 4, July 2009, pp. 329–342, E-ISSN1710-1166 Print ISSN 1198-9742Personal lifeDonatich is married to Betsy Lerner, a literary agent andauthor; together they have a daughter, Raffaella.Passage 3:Dana BlanksteinDana Blankstein-Cohen (bornMarch 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School. She wasappointed by the board of directors  in November 2019.  Previously she was the CEO of the IsraeliAcademy of Film and Television. She is a film director, and an Israeli culture entrepreneur.BiographyDanaBlankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor AlexanderBlankstein. She moved to Israel in 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv.Blankstein graduated from the SamSpiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors. During her studies she workedas a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on hisfilm The Loners.  She also directed and shot 'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found. Herdebut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007.Film and academiccareerAfter her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Sabamunicipality. The department encouraged and promoted productions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, aswell as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities.Blankstein directed themini-series "Tel Aviviot" (2012). From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film andTelevision.In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed the new director of the Sam SpiegelFilm and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab. In 2022, shespearheaded the launch of the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers ineast Jerusalem.FilmographyTel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)Growing Pains (graduation film, SamSpiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter,2006)Passage 4:Michael GovanMichael Govan (born 1963) is the director of the Los Angeles CountyMuseum of Art. Prior to his current position, Govan worked as the director of the Dia Art Foundation inNew York City.Early life and educationGovan was born in 1963 in North Adams, Massachusetts, and wasraised in the Washington D.C. area, attending Sidwell Friends School.He majored in art history and fine


Passage 1:Jesse E. HobsonJesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director ofSRI International from 1947 to 1955. Prior to SRI, he was the director of the Armour ResearchFoundation.Early life and educationHobson was born in Marshall, Indiana. He received bachelor's andmaster's degrees in electrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering fromthe California Institute of Technology. Hobson was also selected as a nationally outstandingengineer.Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had fivechildren.CareerAwards and membershipsHobson was named an IEEE Fellow in 1948.Passage2:Ashwamedha (film)Ashwamedha is a 1990 Indian Kannada language action film directed by C. R.Simha. It stars Kumar Bangarappa and Geethanjali with Srividya, Srinath, Balakrishna, Avinash andRamesh Bhat essaying other important roles.The story was written by C. R. Simha who co-wrote thescreenplay and dialogues with Keerthi. The film was produced by Shanthilal Jain in the banner of SriRenukamba Enterprises. The film was edited by S. Manohar while R. Deviprasad handled thecinematography.The film met with positive reviews upon release and is often regarded as one of the bestfilms in Kumar Bangarappa's career.CastSoundtrackSangeetha Raja composed the background score forthe film and to the soundtracks, with the lyrics for all the soundtracks penned by Doddarange Gowda. Thealbum consists of five soundtracks. The soundtrack "Hrudaya Samudra Kalaki" sung by actor andplayback singer, Rajkumar, was received very well and is often considered one of his best songs. Thesong is still being played in cultural and religious activities, and concerts across Karnataka.Passage3:Peter LevinPeter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre.CareerSince 1967, Levinhas amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films. Some of histelevision series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family,Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy.Some of his televisionfilm credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle(1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films. He directed "Heart inHiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day TimeSpecial in the 1970s.Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadwayproductions. He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave theproduction when he was drafted into the Army. He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University. Eventuallybecoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific ResidentTheatre Company. He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] withhis wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company.Passage4:C. R. SimhaChannapatna Ramaswami Simha (16 June 1942 – 28 February 2014), better known as C.R. Simha, was an Indian actor, director, dramatist and playwright. He was best known for his work inKannada films and for his work in stage shows. Starting his career in Prabhat Kalavidaru, a theatre groupbased in Bangalore, he acted in numerous Kannada plays which reached the cult status. He started hisown theatre group called "Nataranga" in 1972 and directed many successful plays such as Kakana Kote,Thughlaq and Sankranthi.Simha also directed and acted in the Kannada adaptation of Shakespeare'sMidsummer Night's Dream and Othello. These plays found a widespread presentation across many statesin India. Following this, he directed and acted in many English plays written by eminent personalities suchas Moliere, Bernard Shaw, Edward Albee and Neil Simon among others. Apart from theatre, Simha actedin more than 150 feature films in Kannada which include both artistic and commercially viable projects.He also directed about five feature films with the most prominent being his own film adaptation of KakanaKote.Simha received many awards in both the cinema and theatre fields. In 2003, he was awarded withthe prestigious Sangeet Natak Akademi Award by the Government of India recognising his contribution totheatre acting and direction.Early lifeSimha was born in Karnataka on 16 June 1942 into a HoysalaKarnataka Brahmin family. His younger brother Srinath is a film actor who acted in several mainstreamKannada cinema as both the leading actor and supporting actor.Simha appeared on stage at the age oftwelve. He wrote a book at the age of thirteen titled "Family Doctor" and got a publisher for a


Passage 1:Barthold A. Butenschøn Sr.Hans Barthold Andresen Butenschøn (27 December 1877 – 28 November 1971) was a Norwegian businessperson.He was born in Kristiania as a son of Nils August Andresen Butenschøn and Hanna Butenschøn, and grandson of Nicolay Andresen. Together with Mabel Anette Plahte (1877–1973, a daughter of Frithjof M. Plahte) he had the son Hans Barthold Andresen Butenschøn Jr. and was through him the father-in-law of Ragnhild Butenschøn and grandfather of Peter Butenschøn. Through his daughter Marie Claudine he was the father-in-law of Joakim Lehmkuhl, through his daughter Mabel Anette he was the father-in-law of Harald Astrup (a son of Sigurd Astrup) and through his daughter Nini Augusta he was the father-in-law of Ernst Torp.He took commerce school and agricultural school. He was hired in the family company N. A. Andresen & Co, and became a co-owner in 1910. He eventually became chief executive officer. The bank changed its name to Andresens Bank in 1913 and merged with Bergens Kreditbank in 1920. The merger was dissolved later in the 1920s. He was also a landowner, owning Nedre Skøyen farm and a lot of land in Enebakk. He chaired the board of Nydalens Compagnie from 1926, having not been a board member before that.He also chaired the supervisory council of Forsikringsselskapet Viking and Nedre Glommen salgsforening, and was a supervisory council member of Filharmonisk Selskap. He was a member of the gentlemen's club SK Fram since 1890, and was proclaimed a lifetime member in 1964.He was buried in Enebakk.Passage 2:Peter BurroughsPeter Burroughs (born 27 January 1947) is a British television and film actor and the director of Willow Management. He is the father-in-law of actor and TV presenter Warwick Davis.Early careerBurroughs initially ran a shop in his village at Yaxley, Cambridgeshire.His first dramatic role was that of the character " Branic" in the 1979 television series The Legend of King Arthur. He also acted in the television shows Dick Turpin, The Goodies, Doctor Who in the serial The King's Demons and One Foot in the Grave.Film careerBurroughs played roles in Hollywood movies such as Flash Gordon, George Lucas' Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi (a swinging ewok), Willow, The Dark Crystal, Labyrinth and The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. In 1995, Burroughs set up Willow Management, an agency for short actors, along with co-actor Warwick Davis. He portrayed a bank goblin in the Harry Potter series (Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2).Personal lifeHis daughter Samantha (born 1971), is married to Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi and Willow film star Warwick Davis. He has another daughter, Hayley Burroughs, who is also an actress. His granddaughter is Annabelle Davis.FilmographyPassage 3:Brijlal NehruBrijalal Nehru (5 May 1884 – 27 May 1964) was a noted civil servant and member of the Nehru family.He was the son of Pandit Nandlal Nehru (the elder brother of Motilal Nehru) and the cousin of Jawaharlal Nehru. Nandlal Nehru was Diwan of Khetri State for 11 years.Brijlal was born on 5 May 1884 in Allahabad and he grew up in Anand Bhawan. Brijlal had been sent to Oxford in 1905 to compete for the Indian Civil Service by Motilal Nehru.  He was a senior officer of the Audit and Accounts Service. After his retirement, he served Finance Minister of Princely State of Jammu & Kashmir during reign of Maharaja Hari Singh.He was married to Rameshwari Raina, a noted social and women activist and a freedom fighter and recipient of Padma Bhushan in 1955, Later she also won the Lenin Peace Prize in 1961.Their son was Braj Kumar Nehru (1909-2001), an administrator and Padma Vibhushan recipient.Brijlal died on 27 May 1964, the same day on which his illustrious cousin died.Passage 4:James Armour (Master mason)James Armour (15 January 1731 – 20 September 1798) was a master mason and father of Jean Armour, and therefore the father-in-law of the poet Robert Burns. His birth year was shown here as 1730. The Scotland's People database has no record of this year of birth for a James Armour. Wikitree and several other data sources have his birth date as 10th/24th January 1731. The Scotland's People database has this record but showing his baptism on 24 January 1731. His birth on the original Old Parish Record is shown as 15 January 1731 to John Armour and Margrat(sic) Picken in Kilmarnock. James named his first son John which would normally be after James's father i.e. John. The chances of there being two James's born on exactly the same date exactly one year apart appear very remote and the naming of the first child seems to validate the conclusion that James Armour was born in 1731 and not 1730.Life and backgroundAt Mauchline on 7 December 1761 he married Mary Smith, the


Passage 1:TjuyuThuya (sometimes transliterated as Touiyou, Thuiu, Tuya, Tjuyu or Thuyu) was an Egyptian noblewoman and the mother of queen Tiye, and the wife of Yuya. She is the grandmother of Akhenaten, and great grandmother of Tutankhamun.BiographyThuya is believed to be a descendant of Queen Ahmose-Nefertari, and she held many official roles in the interwoven religion and government of ancient Egypt. She was involved in many religious cults; her titles included 'Singer of Hathor' and 'Chief of the Entertainers' of both Amun and Min. She also held the influential offices of Superintendent of the Harem of the god Min of Akhmin and of Amun of Thebes.  She married Yuya, a powerful ancient Egyptian courtier of the Eighteenth Dynasty.  She is believed to have died in around 1375 BC in her early to mid 50s.ChildrenYuya and Thuya had a daughter named Tiye, who became the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Amenhotep III. The great royal wife was the highest Egyptian religious position, serving alongside of the pharaoh in official ceremonies and rituals.Yuya and Thuya also had a son named Anen, who carried the titles Chancellor of Lower Egypt, Second Prophet of Amun, sm-priest of Heliopolis and Divine Father.They also may have been the parents of Ay, an Egyptian courtier active during the reign of pharaoh Akhenaten who became pharaoh after the death of Tutankhamun. However, there is no conclusive evidence regarding the kinship of Yuya and Ay, although certainly, both men came from Akhmim.TombThuya was interred in tomb KV46 in the Valley of the Kings, together with her husband Yuya, where their largely intact burial was found in 1905. It was the best-preserved tomb discovered in the Valley before that of Tutankhamun, Thuya's great-grandson. The tomb was discovered by a team of workmen led by archaeologist James Quibell on behalf of the American millionaire Theodore M. Davis. Though the tomb had been robbed in antiquity, much of its contents were still present, including beds, boxes, chests, a chariot, and the sarcophagi, coffins, and mummies of the two occupants.Thuya's large gilded and black-painted wooden sarcophagus was placed against the south wall of the tomb. It is rectangular, with a lid shaped like the sloping roof of the per-wer shrine of Upper Egypt, and sits on ornamental sledge runners, their non-functionality underscored by the three battens attached below them. Ancient robbers had partially dismantled it to access her coffins and mummy, placing its lid and one long side on a bed on the other side of the tomb; the other long side had been leaned against the south wall. Her outer gilded anthropoid coffin had been removed, its lid placed atop the beds, and the trough put into the far corner of the tomb; the lid of her second (innermost) coffin, also gilded, had been removed and placed to one side although the trough and her mummy remained inside the sarcophagus. Quibell suggests this is due to the robbers having some difficulty in removing the lid of this coffin.MummyThuya's mummified body was found covered with a large sheet of linen, knotted at the back and secured by four bandages. These bands were covered with resin and opposite each band were her gilded titles cut from gold foil. The resin coating on the lower layers of bandages preserved the impression of a large broad collar. The mummy bands that had once covered her wrapped mummy were recovered above the storage jars on the far side of the room.The first examination of her body was conducted by Australian anatomist Grafton Elliot Smith. He found her to be an elderly woman of small stature, 1.495 metres (4.90 ft) in height, with white hair. Both of her earlobes had two piercings. Her arms are straight at her sides with her hands against the outside of her thighs. Her embalming incision is stitched with thread, to which a carnelian barrel bead is attached at the lower end; her body cavity is stuffed with resin-soaked linen. When Dr. Douglas Derry, (who later conducted the first examination of Tutankhamun's mummy) assisting Smith in his examination, exposed Thuya's feet to get an accurate measurement of her height, he found her to be wearing gold foil sandals. Smith estimated her age at more than 50 years based on her outward appearance alone. Recent CT scanning has estimated her age at death to be 50–60 years old. Her brain was removed, though no embalming material was inserted, and both nostrils were stuffed with linen. Embalming packs had been placed into her eye sockets, and subcutaneous filling had been placed into her mid and lower face to restore a lifelike appearance; embalming material had also been placed into her mouth and throat. Her teeth were in poor condition at the time of her death, with missing molars. Heavy wear and abscesses had been noted in earlier x-rays. The scan revealed that she had severe scoliosis with a Cobb angle of 25 degrees. No cause of death could


Passage 1:Ben PalmerBen Palmer (born 1976) is a British film and television director.His televisioncredits include the Channel 4 sketch show Bo' Selecta! (2002–2006), the second and third series of theE4 sitcom The Inbetweeners (2009–2010) and the Sky Atlantic comedy-drama Breeders (2020). Palmerhas also directed films such as the Inbetweeners spin-off, The Inbetweeners Movie (2011) and theromantic comedy Man Up (2015).BiographyPalmer was born and raised in Penny Bridge,Barrow-in-Furness. He attended Chetwynde School.His first directing job was the Channel 4 sketch showBo' Selecta!, which he co-developed with its main star, Leigh Francis. Palmer directed the second andthird series of the E4 sitcom The Inbetweeners in 2009 and 2010, respectively.FilmographyBo' Selecta!(2002–06)Comedy Lab (2004–2010)Bo! in the USA (2006)The Inbetweeners (2009–2010)TheInbetweeners Movie (2011)Comedy Showcase (2012)Milton Jones's House of Rooms (2012)Them fromThat Thing (2012)Bad Sugar (2012)Chickens (2013)London Irish (2013)Man Up (2015)SunTrap(2015)BBC Comedy Feeds (2016)Nigel Farage Gets His Life Back (2016)Back (2017)Comedy Playhouse(2017)Urban Myths (2017–19)Click & Collect (2018)Semi-Detached (2019)Breeders (2020)Passage2:Mel WellesMel Welles (February 17, 1924 – August 19, 2005) was an American film actor and director.His best-remembered role may be that of hapless flower shop owner Gravis Mushnick in the 1960low-budget Roger Corman dark comedy, The Little Shop of Horrors.Life and careerWelles was born Ira W.Meltcher in the Bronx, New York City, son of Max and Sally Grichewsky Meltcher. He was raised in MountCarmel, Pennsylvania and graduated from Mt. Carmel High School, in 1940. He went on to receive aBachelor of Arts degree from Penn State University, a Master of Arts degree from West VirginiaUniversity, and a Ph.D. in psychology from Columbia University.Welles held a number of jobs during hislifetime; at one time or another he worked as a clinical psychologist, radio DJ, television actor, writer andfilm director. He did some stage work before traveling to Hollywood, where in 1953 he appeared in hisfirst film, Appointment in Honduras. His favorite role (The Little Shop of Horrors) was also his last in theU.S. for many years.In the early 1960s, he left the United States initially to make a film in Germany.After the producer was arrested he travelled to Rome to act, produce and direct mostly uncreditedprimarily in Europe several film productions including the cult horror films Maneater of Hydra (1967) andLady Frankenstein (1971). His fluency in five languages proved to be most helpful where he started adubbing company that by his own estimate dubbed over 800 European made films. He also served as afilm consultant. Later, he returned to the U.S., appearing in a number of films, doing voice work, andteaching voice acting.Probably his most widely seen work in the late 1970s was his English adaptation ofthe Japanese television show, Spectreman which was seen on UHF and cable across the United States.While he shares writing credit with two other people, it's clear that most of the English voice work, andthe offbeat humor, is his. Reportedly, Welles also wrote gag material for Lord Buckley at some point in hiscareer.In 1998, Welles took to the stage in a community theater production of Little Shop of Horrors asMushnik, the role he created in the original Roger Corman film. Welles had never performed in themusical and was happy to be asked to do the role, which he described as a "mitzvah" for Scotts ValleyPerforming Arts. Jonathan Haze, who played Seymour in the original film, attended the opening, andWelles also received a visit from Martin P. Robinson, the designer of the Audrey II plant puppets used inthe off-Broadway production (Robinson is also famous for his puppetry on Sesame Street).Arguably hismost remembered piece is the beat poem he wrote for the classic film High School Confidential(1958).  Famously delivered by Phillipa Fallon, Dragsville, has become a classic piece of literary andcinema history.Welles was working on a horror screenplay, tentatively titled House of a Hundred Horrors,at the time of his death.FilmographyNotesExternal linksMel Welles at IMDbPassage 3:EdwardLudwigEdward Irving Ludwig (October 7, 1899 – August 20, 1982) was a Russian-born American filmdirector and writer. He directed nearly 100 films between 1921 and 1963 (some under the names EdwardI. Luddy and Charles Fuhr).Ludwig was born in Ukraine, then part of the Russian Empire, entered theUnited States from Canada on March 6, 1911, became a naturalized citizen December 23, 1932, and diedin Santa Monica, California.Partial filmographyPassage 4:The Fighting SeabeesThe Fighting Seabees is a


Passage 1:Gerald Rudolff FordGerald Rudolff Ford (December 9, 1890 – January 26, 1962) was anAmerican businessman and Republican politician who was the stepfather of U.S. President Gerald Fordand for whom Ford legally changed his name.Early lifeFord was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan, where heraised the future President. His parents were George R. and Frances (Pixley) Ford.The senior Ford's fatherGeorge Ford died in a train accident in 1903 forcing him to drop out of school to support the family.  Hewas working as a paint salesman at the Grand Rapids Wood Finishing Company when he met the futurepresident's mother Dorothy Ayer Gardner King. Dorothy had fled to Michigan from Omaha, Nebraska, in1913, 16 days after the President's birth, after her husband (and her son's birth father), Leslie Lynch KingSr., had physically abused her. She came to Grand Rapids to be near her parents, Levi Addison Gardnerand Adele Augusta Ayer Gardner, who lived in the town.FamilyThe couple married on February 1, 1917,following Dorothy's divorce from King when the future president was three and began calling Dorothy'sfirst son "Gerald."Gerald Rudolff Ford and Dorothy Ford had three children – sons Thomas Gardner Ford(July 15, 1918 – August 28, 1995); Richard Addison Ford (June 3, 1924 – March 20, 2015); and JamesFrancis Ford (August 11, 1927 – January 23, 2001).The president was to write later that in the householdthere were three rules for him and his half brothers: "tell the truth, work hard and come to dinner ontime."The elder Ford founded the Ford Paint and Varnish Company in 1929 just before the GreatDepression. After the Depression hit, Ford asked his employees to work for $5/week and likewise paidhimself the same salary until all could be paid more.The future president was enrolled in the GrandRapids school system under the name of his stepfather.   When the president's birth father Leslie LynchKing reappeared in 1929 (or 1930 depending on accounts), he stopped at schools searching for a "LeslieKing" before finding him at Grand Rapids South High School after asking for a "Junior Ford."The futurepresident turned down an offer from his biological father to move with him to Wyoming.Leslie's fatherCharles King had been paying child support for Ford until 1929 when the stock market crash wiped outhis fortune. After Leslie's father died, Dorothy sought an order to get money from the $50,000 Leslie hadinherited. However, since Leslie had moved to Wyoming he was out of the jurisdiction of the Nebraskacourt.The elder Ford never legally adopted the president. The president changed his name in 1935 afterthe deaths of his paternal King family grandparents to an Anglicized version of his stepfather's name:Gerald Rudolph Ford.Early careerThe elder Ford was active on various functions including the formation ofthe Youth Commonwealth to help disadvantaged youth. He was director of the Grand Rapids Chamber ofCommerce and chairman of the Kent County, Michigan Republican Committee from 1944 until 1948 whenhe stepped down after the future President began his first run for Congress.The elder Ford was activewith his four sons in the Boy Scouts of America. The future President would be the first Eagle Scout tobecome Vice President or President. The President was to say later that the award was one of hisproudest accomplishments.The President was to write later:He was the father that I grew up to believewas my father, the father I loved and learned from and respected. He was my dad... Dad was one of thetruly outstanding people I ever knew in my life.DeathThe elder Ford died on January 26, 1962, in GrandRapids, Michigan. He and his wife are buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in Grand Rapids.Passage 2:CarolineKennedyCaroline Bouvier Kennedy (born November 27, 1957) is an American author, attorney, anddiplomat serving as the United States Ambassador to Australia since 2022. She previously served in theObama administration as the United States Ambassador to Japan from 2013 to 2017. A prominentmember of the Kennedy family, she is the only surviving child of former U.S. president John F. Kennedy(JFK) and former first lady Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy.JFK won the 1960 presidential election whenCaroline was two years old. Spending her early childhood years in the White House during the KennedyAdministration, she was almost six when he was assassinated on November 22, 1963. The following year,she and her brother John F. Kennedy Jr. moved with their mother Jacqueline to the Upper East Side ofManhattan, where Caroline attended grade school.Kennedy graduated from Harvard University andworked at Manhattan's Metropolitan Museum of Art, where she met her future husband, exhibit designerEdwin Schlossberg. She later earned a J.D. degree from Columbia Law School. Most of Kennedy's


Passage 1:Spy KidsSpy Kids is an American family action-adventure spy comedy franchise created byRobert Rodriguez. The plot follows adventures of Carmen and Juni Cortez, two children who becomeinvolved in their parents' espionage organization. The films include Latino themes, as Rodriguez is ofMexican descent.BackgroundInfluencesSpy Kids was influenced by James Bond films. The first film was "afusion of Willy Wonka and James Bond" and the second was the "Mysterious Island and James Bondmix".The spy organization in the films is called the OSS. These initials are from the Office of StrategicServices, a former U.S. intelligence organization during World War II which later evolved into the CIA.The character Donnagon Giggles was named after William Joseph Donovan, the director of the originalOSS. The initials in the Spy Kids universe are never specified on screen, but, in one of the books, theystand for the Organization of Super Spies.ThemesOne of the main themes of Spy Kids is the unity offamily. The children have adult responsibilities, and a lesson is that keeping secrets from family memberscan have a negative effect on relationships. The first film also deals extensively with sibling rivalry andthe responsibility of older children. There is also a strong sense of Latino heritage.TechnicalinnovationsThe other films were shot with High Definition digital video, parts of the third film using ananaglyphic process to create the 3-D effect. Audiences were given red/blue 3D glasses with their ticketsin movie theatres. Four sets of these glasses were also included in the DVD release. The third film wasused as a test for a special Texas Instruments digital projector which can project polarized 3D, whichdoes not require the red-blue lenses, later reused for The Adventures of Sharkboy and Lavagirl in 3-D(2005).FilmsSpy Kids (2001)After retiring from espionage for ten years, Gregorio and Ingrid (AntonioBanderas and Carla Gugino) are pulled back into duty for their important assignment despite the factthey were out of practice, and were captured. Their two children, Carmen and Juni (Alexa Vega and DarylSabara), stay with their uncle Felix Gumm (Cheech Marin) and discover the truth of their parents' past,which they had neglected to tell them because they were afraid that if they knew, they would picturedanger at every corner; and decide to rescue them. On their first mission, Carmen and Juni manage tobring around their estranged uncle, Isador "Machete" Cortez (Danny Trejo), a genius gadget inventor andJuni helps to redeem a TV show host named Fegan Floop (Alan Cumming). Together, Carmen and Junithwart the plan of Floop's notorious second in-command Alexander Minion (Tony Shalhoub) to develop anarmy of androids resembling young children (including Carmen and Juni themselves) for a mastermindnamed Mr. Lisp (Robert Patrick) and his partner Ms. Gradenko (Teri Hatcher). The robots based onCarmen and Juni became part of Floop's show.Spy Kids 2: The Island of Lost Dreams (2002)As agents ofthe OSS, Carmen and Juni try to save the daughter (Taylor Momsen) of The President Of The UnitedStates (Christopher McDonald) while facing a particularly hard competition with Gary and Gerti Giggles(Matt O'Leary and Emily Osment), the two children of a double-dealing agent Donnagon Giggles (MikeJudge), whom Carmen and Juni helped to rescue them from the first film. Juni gets fired from the OSSafter fighting with Gary over a smaller version of the transmooker, a device that can shut off all electronicdevices even though it was Gary who started the fight. Juni loses his spot for the best spy kid of the yearaward, while Donnagon plans to steal the transmooker to take over the world. On their second mission,Carmen and Juni follow the trail to the mysterious island of Leeke Leeke which is home to Romero (SteveBuscemi), an eccentric scientist who attempted to create genetically miniaturised animals, but insteadended up with his island inhabited by mutant monsters. Eventually, Donnagon is fired and Gary issuspended, and the transmooker is destroyed. Juni is offered his job back, but in order to take a breakfrom the OSS, he retires to start his own private eye agency.Spy Kids 3-D: Game Over (2003)Afterretiring from the OSS, Juni is thrust back into service when an evil mastermind named Sebastian "TheToymaker" (Sylvester Stallone) creates a fictional video game called Game Over, which hypnotizes itsusers. Carmen was sent on a mission to disable the game, but disappeared on Level 4. With the help ofhis maternal grandfather, Valentin Avellan (Ricardo Montalban), who uses a wheelchair, Juni is sent afterCarmen and helps her to disable the game in order to save the world. It is revealed that Sebastian wasthe one who disabled Valentin in the first place. Instead of avenging his former partner, Valentin forgives


Passage 1:Buffalo Bill, Hero of the Far WestBuffalo Bill, Hero of the Far West  (Buffalo Bill, l'eroe del farwest) is a 1964 Italian Spaghetti Western directed by Mario Costa.StoryBuffalo Bill is sent west byPresident Ulysses S. Grant to settle an Indian uprising started by Yellow Hand and supported by gunsmugglers.CastGordon Scott as Colonel William "Buffalo Bill" CodyMario Brega as DonaldsonJan Hendriksas MonroeCatherine Ribeiro as Rayon-de-Lune/MoonbeamPiero Lulli as RedMirko Ellis as Yellow HandHansvon Borsody as Captain HunterRoldano Lupi as Colonel PetersonIngeborg Schöner as MaryPetersonFeodor Chaliapin, Jr.  as Chief White FoxUgo Sasso as SnackLuigi Tosi as barmanFranco Fantasiaas George, a poker playerAndrea Scotti as poker playerPassage 2:Battling with Buffalo BillBattling withBuffalo Bill is a 1931 American pre-Code Western serial film directed by Ray Taylor and starring TomTyler, Lucile Browne, William Desmond, Rex Bell, and Francis Ford.Based on the book The Great WestThat Was by William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody, the film is about a cowboy named Buffalo Bill who goes upagainst a shady gambler who is attempting to scare off the townspeople so he can gain possession of agold strike. When a nearby Indian tribe is provoked into attacking the town, the cavalry rides in to therescue. Cody's book was also used as the inspiration for the studio's highly successful 1930 serial TheIndians Are Coming.Battling with Buffalo Bill was Universal Pictures's 78th serial, the 10th with sound and4th with full sound, of the studio's total of 137 serials.PlotThe plot is a variation on the standardB-Western "Land Grab" plot: Gold has been discovered in the area and gambler Jim Rodney intends tomake sole claim to it by pushing the rightful owners off the land and taking it for himself. To do so he hashis henchmen kill an Indian woman, provoking attacks from her tribe. This brings Buffalo Bill and theUnited States Cavalry into the town. Buffalo Bill proceeds to defeat Rodney and his schemes.CastTomTyler as William "Buffalo Bill" CodyLucile Browne as Jane Mills, Buffalo Bill's love interestWilliam Desmondas John MillsRex Bell as Dave Archer, Buffalo Bill's sidekick.Francis Ford as Jim Rodney, villainousgambler trying to illicitly claim a local gold strikeGeorge Regas as 'Breed' JohnsYakima Canutt as ScoutJack BradyBud Osborne as Joe Tampas, one of Rodney's henchmenJoe Bonomo as Joe BradyJim Thorpeas Swift ArrowProductionAlong with the more successful The Indians Are Coming (1930) this serial wasbased on the book "The Great West That Was" by Buffalo Bill Cody.StuntsJoe BonomoYakima CanuttCliffLyonsChapter titlesCaptured by RedskinsCircling DeathBetween Hostile TribesThe Savage HordeThe FatalPlungeTrappedThe Unseen KillerSentenced to DeathThe Death TrapA Shot from AmbushThe FlamingDeathCheyenne VengeanceSource:See alsoList of American films of 1931List of film serials by yearList offilm serials by studioPassage 3:Buffalo BillWilliam Frederick Cody (February 26, 1846 – January 10,1917), known as Buffalo Bill, was an American soldier, bison hunter, and showman. He was born in LeClaire, Iowa Territory (now the U.S. state of Iowa), but he lived for several years in his father'shometown in modern-day Mississauga, Ontario, Canada, before the family returned to the Midwest andsettled in the Kansas Territory.Buffalo Bill started working at the age of 11, after his father's death, andbecame a rider for the Pony Express at age 15. During the American Civil War, he served the Union from1863 to the end of the war in 1865. Later he served as a civilian scout for the U.S. Army during theIndian Wars, receiving the Medal of Honor in 1872.One of the most famous and well-known figures of theAmerican Old West, Buffalo Bill's legend began to spread when he was only 23. Shortly thereafter hestarted performing in shows that displayed cowboy themes and episodes from the frontier and IndianWars. He founded Buffalo Bill's Wild West in 1883, taking his large company on tours in the United Statesand, beginning in 1887, in Great Britain and continental Europe.Early life and educationCody was born onFebruary 26, 1846, on a farm just outside Le Claire, Iowa. His father, Isaac Cody, was born onSeptember 5, 1811, in Toronto Township, Upper Canada, now part of Mississauga, Ontario, directly westof Toronto. Mary Ann Bonsell Laycock, Bill's mother, was born about 1817 in Trenton, New Jersey. Shemoved to Cincinnati to teach school, and there she met and married Isaac. She was a descendant ofJosiah Bunting, a Quaker who had settled in Pennsylvania. There is no evidence to indicate Buffalo Billwas raised as a Quaker. In 1847 the couple moved to Ontario, having their son baptized in 1847, asWilliam Cody, at the Dixie Union Chapel in Peel County (present-day Peel Region, of which Mississauga is


Passage 1:Henry II, Count of Reuss-GeraHenry II of Reuss (younger line) (10 June 1572 in Gera – 23December [O.S. 13 December] 1635 in Gera), nicknamed the Posthumous because his father died twomonths before he was born,  was Lord of Gera, Lord of Lobenstein and Lord of Oberkranichfeld.LifeHenryII was born posthumously, as the only son of Henry XVI of Reuss-Gera (1530-1572), the founder of theYounger Line, and his wife, Countess Dorothea of Solms-Sonnewalde (1547-1595), daughter of FrederickMagnus I, Count of Solms-Laubach.Henry successfully promoted education and the economy of hiscountry.  In 1608, he founded the Rutheneum Gymnasium in Gera (now theGoethe-Gymnasium/Rutheneum).  Against the advice of his theological councillor, he granted asylum toCalvinist refugees from Flanders and housed them in his capital city Gera.  This led to an upsurge in woolproduction and an economic boom.  During his reign, Gera also developed into the cultural centre of theReuss areas.  He had a particular fondness for "ring riding", and was a frequent guest at the courts inVienna and Dresden.Henry II died on 23 December 1635 and was buried in the Salvator Church inGera.  The composer Heinrich Schütz wrote his Musikalische Exequien for this occasion.  His elaboratelydecorated copper outer coffin, with biblical proverbs and evangelical chorals, was transferred from theSalvator Church to the St. John church in 1995.  In 2011, it was displayed in an exhibition about funeralpractices in the early modern age in the city museum of Gera.  It has also been on display in the Museumfor Sepulchral Culture in Kassel.Marriages and issueIn Weikersheim on 7 February 1594, Henry II marriedfirstly Magdalena (28 December 1572 – 2 April 1596), daughter of Wolfgang, Count ofHohenlohe-Weikersheim-Langenburg. They had one daughter:Dorothea Magdalena (25 February 1595 –29 October 1647), married in 1620 to Burgrave George of Kirchberg.In Rudolstadt on 22 May 1597,Henry II married secondly Magdalena (12 Apr 1580 – 22 Apr 1652), daughter of Count Albert VII ofSchwarzburg-Rudolstadt. They had seventeen children:Juliane Marie (1 February 1598 – 4 January1650), married in 1614 to Count David of Mansfeld-Schraplau.Henry I (21 February 1599 – 27 July1599)Agnes (17 April 1600 – 1 February 1642), married in 1627 to Count Ernest Louis ofMansfeld-Heldrungen.Elisabeth Magdalene (8 May 1601 – 4 April 1641).Henry II (14 August 1602 – 28May 1670), Lord of Gera and Saalburg.Henry III (31 Oct 1603 – 12 July 1640), Lord of Schleiz.Henry IV(21 December 1604 – 3 November 1628).Henry V (3 November 1606 – 3/7 November 1606), twin withHenry VI.Henry VI (3 November 1606 – 3/7 November 1606), twin with Henry V.Sophie Hedwig (24February 1608 – 22 January 1653).Dorothea Sibylle (7 October 1609 – 25 November 1631), married in1627 to Baron Christian Schenk of Tautenburg.Henry VII (15 October 1610 – 24 July 1611).Henry VIII(19 June 1613 – 24 September 1613).Anna Katharina (24 March 1615 – 16 February 1682).Henry IX (22May 1616 – 9 January 1666), Lord of Schleiz.Ernestine (19 March 1618 – 23 February 1650), married in1639 to Otto Albert of Schönburg-Hartenstein.Henry X (9 September 1621 – 25 January 1671), Lord ofLobenstein and Ebersdorf.HonorsSince 2008, the motor car of one of the trams in Gera bears hisname.Passage 2:Enguerrand V de CoucyEnguerrand V, Lord of Coucy (-after 1321) inherited the title ofLord of Coucy and castle from his maternal uncle, Enguerrand IV in 1311.  He was also lord of Oisy andMontmirail.BiographyEnguerrand was the second son of Arnould III, Count of Guînes and Alix de Coucy,daughter of Enguerrand III, Lord of Coucy. His father, Arnould, sold the county of Guines to King Louis IXof France, forcing Enguerrand to find his fortune abroad. After arriving in Scotland, he married ChristianaLindsay in Scotland. Christiana was the daughter of William Lindsay and Ada Balliol, sister of John Balliol.Their wedding was arranged by their mutual cousin, King Alexander III of Scotland. Enguerrand waspresent at the recognition of Margaret as Alexander III's heir and the Treaty of Birgham in 1290.On 28May 1283, Enguerrand pledged his service to King Edward I of England.When Enguerrand's maternaluncle, Enguerrand IV, died without leaving any heirs, the titles and lands of Coucy were passed toEnguerrand.IssueEnguerrand and Christiana had four sons:Guillaume de Coucy, Lord of Coucy,  Marle, LaFère, Oisy and Montmirel, married Isabeau de Châtillon-Saint-Pol, had issue.Enguerrand de Coucy,Viscount of Meaux, Lord of La Ferté-Ancoul, Tresmes and Belonnes, married firstly Marie de Vianden,Dame de Rumpt and secondly Allemande Flotte de Revel, had issue.Baudouin de CoucyRobert de Coucy,


Passage 1:Judah Even ShemuelYehuda Even Shemuel (Ukraine, 1886-Jerusalem, 1976) was an IsraeliJewish scholar, translator and lexicographer. He won the Israel Prize in 1973. Yehuda Kaufman (laterEven Shemuel) was born in Balta, Ukraine. He studied in three yeshivot. At the age of eighteen, afterpassing the examination of a six-years’ course in a Russian gymnasium, he studied in London and thenParis, where he was accepted to the law school of the University of Paris. He immigrated to Montreal,Canada in 1913.His English-Hebrew dictionary was known as The Kaufman Dictionary.Passage 2:ErikKilpatrickErik Kilpatrick (born 1952) is an American actor who is best known for playing Curtis Jackson onthe CBS television series The White Shadow.  He is the son of Lincoln Kilpatrick.  Erik and his fatherco-starred in "Here's Mud in Your Eye", an episode from the first season of The White Shadow.  Kilpatrickhas a younger brother, Lincoln Kilpatrick Jr., and a sister, DaCarla Kilpatrick, who also areactors.  Kilpatrick is the father of Erika Kurzawa and Toussaint Kilpatrick. Married to Chris Anthony.Today, Kilpatrick devotes much of his time directing and is the founder and Artistic Director of KOLATheatre.Passage 3:Lincoln KilpatrickLincoln Kilpatrick (February 12, 1931 – May 18, 2004) was anAmerican film, television, and stage actor.BiographyCareerBorn in St. Louis, Missouri, Kilpatrick attendedLincoln University and earned a degree in drama before he began acting. Encouraged by Billie Holiday,Kilpatrick began his career in 1959 in the Broadway production of A Raisin in the Sun. In the 1960s, hemainly guest-starred in television roles and bit parts in movies. His primary acting talents wereshowcased in stage and theater work, which he remained active in until his death. Kilpatrick wasco-founder of the Kilpatrick-Cambridge Theatre Arts School in Hollywood, California. He was also the firstAfrican-American member of the Lincoln Center Repertory Company.Personal life and deathKilpatrick wasmarried 47 years to the singer and stage performer Helena Ferguson from 1957 until his death from lungcancer in 2004. Kilpatrick had five children: actor and composer Lincoln Kilpatrick Jr.; writer, director andactor DaCarla Kilpatrick; actor and director Erik Kilpatrick; actor Jozella Reed; and producer Marjorie L.Kilpatrick. He was buried at the Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery in LosAngeles.FilmographyPassage 4:Jean DaninosJean Daninos (2 December 1906 – 13 October 2001) was aGreek-French constructor of luxury cars Facel Vega, born in Paris.The brother of the Pierre Daninos, JeanDaninos had founded the company FACEL (Forges et Ateliers des Constructions d'Eure-et-Loir, forge andconstruction workshop for the department of Eure-et-Loir) in 1939 with hopes of one day designing andmanufacturing his own automobile. An engineer, he had previously collaborated with Citroën on theTraction Avant and had worked in the aviation field.The FACEL company produced the bodies of customcars like the Panhard Dyna cabriolet and the Ford Comète.He had also a long time business partnershipwith Henri Théodore Pigozzi CEO of Simca. All the stylish Aronde sports derivatives (coupes andconvertibles called PLein Ciel and Océane, targeted for well to do women customers ) were manufacturedby Facel.However Pigozzi and Simca chose cheaper and more trendy Carrozeria Bertone for the later theSimca 1000 derivatives (Simca 1200S) and ended the Simca partnership. The first Facel Vega model,designed by Daninos himself, debuted in 1954, equipped with a Chrysler engine. Daninos counted amonghis clients celebrities including (Tony Curtis, Ava Gardner) and racing drivers (Stirling Moss, MauriceTrintignant). Several sports car models followed until the company's demise in the mid-1960s. During tenyears of production, FACEL had manufactured 3,000 automobiles.Daninos died in Cannes at age 94 fromcancer. He was buried with his relatives in Jouy-en-Josas.Passage 5:Alexander FuksAlexander Fuks (30May 1917 – 29 November 1978) was a German-born, later Israeli historian, archaeologist andpapyrologist. He worked with Victor Tcherikover and Menahem Stern on the standard edition of Jewishpapyri. He was a specialist in the study of Hellenistic Judaism.Passage 6:Patrick KilpatrickPatrickKilpatrick (born August 20, 1949), is an American actor, director, screenwriter, producer, journalist,international entertainment speaker and teacher. He has appeared in over 180 films and televisionseries.Kilpatrick ran for Governor of California in the 2021 recall election as a Democrat.EarlylifeKilpatrick was born in Orange, Virginia, the son of Robert Donald Kilpatrick Sr. and Ellie Faye (bornEllwood Fay) Hines Kilpatrick. His ancestors are Scottish, Scots-Irish, a bit of Welsh, and English, having


Passage 1:Nayelly HernándezNayelly Hernández (born 23 February 1986) is a former Mexican professional squash player. She has represented Mexico internationally in several international competitions including the Central American and Caribbean Games, Pan American Games, Women's World Team Squash Championships. Nayelly achieved her highest career ranking of 57 in October 2011 during the 2011 PSA World Tour. Her husband Chris Walker whose nationality is English is also a professional squash player. She joined the Trinity College in 2008 as the first Mexican female to join a US college for squash and graduated in 2010.CareerNayelly joined PSA in 2006 and took part in the PSA World Tour until 2016, the 2015-16 PSA World Tour was her last World Tour prior to the retirement.Nayelly Hernandez represented Mexico at the 2007 Pan American Games and claimed a bronze medal as a part of the team event on her maiden appearance at the Pan American Games. In the 2011 Pan American Games she clinched gold in the women's doubles event along with Samantha Teran and settled for bronze in the team event. She has also participated at the Women's World Team Squash Championships on four occasions in 2010, 2012, 2014 and in 2016.Passage 2:Eleni Gabre-MadhinEleni Zaude Gabre-Madhin (born 12 July 1964) is an Ethiopian-born Swiss economist, and former chief executive officer of the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX). She has had many years of experience working on agricultural markets – particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa – and has held senior positions in the World Bank, the International Food Policy Research Institute (Washington), and United Nations (Geneva).Eleni GebremedhnEleni was born in Addis Ababa, Ethiopian Empire on 12 July 1964. She grew up in four different African countries including Kenya, Tanzania and South Africa. She speaks fluent Swahili, English, Amharic and French. She graduated from Rift Valley Academy in Kenya with the highest of honours. She has a PhD in Applied Economics from Stanford University, master's degrees from Michigan State University and bachelor's in economics from Cornell University. Eleni was selected as "Ethiopian Person of the Year" for the 2002 ET calendar year (2009/2010 Gregorian) by the Ethiopian newspaper Jimma Times.CareerShe was the main driving force behind the development of the Ethiopia Commodity Exchange (ECX). Whilst working as a researcher for the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) she examined agricultural markets for many years and noticed, as had many others, that whilst in some years or regions there were severe shortages or droughts in others there were surpluses or bumper harvests. Specifically in her survey of grain traders in 2002, she found that a key factor was the lack of effective infrastructure and services needed for grain markets to function properly.  Traders often failed to have access to sufficient credit, information about the market, transportation and other vital resources and contract compliance was difficult to enforce.  In 2004 she moved home from the US to lead an IFPRI program to improve Ethiopia's agricultural policies and markets. Specifically she undertook the important role of coordinating the advisory body developing the ECX.   She became CEO of the new exchange in 2008, and argued that "(W)hen farmers can sell their crops on the open market and get a fair price, they will have much more incentive to be productive, and Ethiopia will be much less prone to food crises" .... and that the "ECX will allow farmers and traders to link to the global economy, propelling Ethiopian agriculture forward to a whole new level."In February 2013, she became a director of Syngenta.In 2013, Eleni launched eleni LLC, a company intended to build and invest in commodity exchanges in markets in the developing world, including Africa.In November 2021, the Canadian novelist Jeff Pearce leaked a video that depicts Eleni's participation in a virtual meeting discussion, along with Professor Ephraim Isaac, former Ethiopian Minister of Foreign Affairs and current TPLF spokesperson Berhane Gebre-Christos and several Western diplomats, that mentioned a transitional government during Tigray War. Shortly, she was removed from membership of the Independent Economic Council, which formed to support Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed economic transition.  On 25 November, Eleni released a statement that denying the allegation as "deliberately misrepresented". Two days before the leaked video unveiled, police forces searched her house and remained undisclosed for suspected foul play.   The incident stirred public outrage in Ethiopia and its diaspora, condemning her as traitor. The University of Gondar also revoked an honorary doctorate it had awarded her.AwardsIn 2010, Eleni was named Ethiopian Person of the Year for the 2002 Ethiopian year. Eleni was listed as one of the 50 Women Shaping


Passage 1:Jack GoohsenJack Goohsen (born November 7, 1942) is a farmer and former political figure inSaskatchewan, Canada.Goohsen was born in Gull Lake, Saskatchewan and studied agriculturalmanagement at the University of Saskatchewan. He established a farm in the Gull Lake area. He servedon the council for the rural municipality of Carmichael, serving as reeve from 1981 to 1992, and waselected to represent Maple Creek in the 1991 Saskatchewan general election and again in the newCypress Hills district in the 1995 Saskatchewan general election to the Legislative Assembly ofSaskatchewan as a Progressive Conservative.In the spring of 1997, Goohsen was criminally charged afterhe was accused of trying to buy sex from a 14-year-old girl. As a result of this scandal, he was not invitedto join the caucus of the newly founded Saskatchewan Party when it was formed by the remainingProgressive Conservative members along with some Saskatchewan Liberal Party MLA's that summer.Goohsen remained in the legislature as an independent member while his case made its way through thecourts.Gooshen resigned as an MLA after being convicted in 1999 on the child prostitution charge. He losthis appeal to the SK Court of Appeal.Passage 2:Ray DanylukRaymond Bruce "Ray" Danyluk  (born 1952or 1953) is a farmer and former provincial politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a Member ofthe  Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 2001 to 2012 with the Progressive Conservative caucus beforebeing defeated by Wildrose Party candidate Shayne Saskiw in the 2012 election. During his time in officeDanyluk served as a cabinet minister in the government of Premier Ed Stelmach, serving in variousportfolios since 2006.Early lifeDanyluk was born in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. He attended post secondaryeducation at the University of Alberta. He farms near the community of Elk Point, Alberta.PoliticalcareerDanyluk ran for a seat to the Alberta Legislature as a Progressive Conservative candidate in the2001 Alberta general election. He ran in the electoral district of Lac La Biche-St. Paul in a hotly contestedthree candidate race. The seat was open due to the departure of incumbent Paul Langevin. Danyluk heldthe seat for the Progressive Conservatives to win his first term in office. He faced a strong challenge fromLiberal candidate Vital Ouellette but still finished first by a couple thousand votes.Danyluk ran for asecond term in office in the 2004 Alberta general election. He faced three opposition candidates includingthe former Sergent at Arms of the Legislature Oscar Lacombe who ran under the Alberta Alliance banner.Danyluk held his seat winning just over half the popular vote, despite seeing a decline in his support. TheLiberal candidate saw his party's popular vote almost cut in half but still managed to finish a distantsecond, while Lacombe finished a close third out of fourth place.Premier Ed Stelmach appointed Danylukto his first cabinet portfolio in the Executive Council of Alberta as Minister of Municipal Affairs and Housingon December 15, 2006.Danyluk ran for a third term in office in the 2008 Alberta general election withministerial advantage. He faced two other candidates significantly increasing his popular vote returning tooffice with a landslide majority.Premier Stelmach slightly changed Danyluk's cabinet portfolio after the2008 election. On March 12, 2008 he became Minister of Municipal Affairs. He held that portfolio untilStelmach appointed him as Minister of Infrastructure on January 15, 2010.Passage 3:Adam ZolotinAdamZolotin (born November 29, 1983, in New York City, New York) is an American actor, best known forappearing in Leave It to Beaver and Jack.FilmographyFilmJack (1996) as Louis DuranteLeave It to Beaver(1997) as Eddie HaskellDog's Best Friend (1997) as Wylie ThompsonZerophilia (2005) as ChadWhatNews? (2007) as TommyLonely Boy (2013) as MikeTelevisionLaw & Order (1996) as Lonnie Rickman (1episode)Love and Marriage (1996) as Christopher NardiniStorm of the Century (1996) as DaveyHopewellLaw & Order: SVU (2000) as Justin McKenna (1 episode)What I Like About You (2005) as Chris'sFriend (1 episode)The New Adventures of Old Christine (2006) as Mark (1 episode)Scrubs (2004) asReuben (1 episode)Mr. Robot (2016) as David (1 episode)TheaterSirensRecognitionAwards andnominations1996, YoungStar Awards nomination for 'Best Young Actor in a Comedy Film' for Jack1996,Young Artist Awards nomination for 'Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting Young Actor' forJack1998, Young Artist Awards nomination for 'Best Performance in a Feature Film - Supporting YoungActor' for Leave It to BeaverPassage 4:Alexander McKenzie (footballer)Alexander McKenzie was anAustralian rules footballer for Port Adelaide. He was noted to be able to kick a football 75 yards without


Passage 1:Peter LevinPeter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre.CareerSince1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films.Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The PaperChase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy.Someof his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live(1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films. Hedirected "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy forBest Day Time Special in the 1970s.Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in severalBroadway productions. He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leavethe production when he was drafted into the Army. He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University.Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the PacificResident Theatre Company. He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware PoetsPlayhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The Interact TheatreCompany.Passage 2:Benjamin StoloffBenjamin Stoloff (October 6, 1895 – September 8, 1960) was anAmerican film director and producer. He began his career as a short film comedy director and graduallymoved into feature film directing and production later in his career.Directorfilmography1940s–1950sHome Run Derby (1959) – TV SeriesFootlight Varieties (1951)It's a Joke, Son!(1947)Johnny Comes Flying Home (1946)Take It or Leave It (1944)Bermuda Mystery (1944)TheMysterious Doctor (1943)The Hidden Hand (1942)Secret Enemies (1942)Three Sons o' Guns (1941)TheGreat Mr. Nobody (1941)The Marines Fly High (1940)1930sThe Lady and the Mob (1939)The Affairs ofAnnabel (1938)Radio City Revels (1938)Fight for Your Lady (1937)Super-Sleuth (1937)Sea Devils(1937)Don't Turn 'Em Loose (1936)Two in the Dark (1936)To Beat the Band (1935)Swellhead(1935)Transatlantic Merry-Go-Round (1934)Palooka (1934)Night of Terror (1933)Obey the Law(1933)The Devil Is Driving (1932)The Night Mayor (1932)By Whose Hand? (1932)Destry Rides Again(1932)Perfect Control (1932)Slide, Babe, Slide (1932)Goldie (1931)Three Rogues (1931)Not ExactlyGentlemen (1931)Soup to Nuts (1930)New Movietone Follies of 1930 (1930)1920sThe Girl from Havana(1929)Happy Days (1929/I)Protection (1929)Speakeasy (1929)The Bath Between (1928)Plastered inParis (1928)A Horseman of the Plains (1928)Mind Your Business (1928)Silver Valley (1927)The GayRetreat (1927)The Circus Ace (1927)The Canyon of Light (1926)It's a Pipe (1926)Matrimony Blues(1926)The Mad Racer (1926)The Fighting Tailor (1926)East Side, West Side (1925/II)The Heart Breaker(1925)Sweet Marie (1925)Roaring Lions at Home (1924)Stolen Sweeties (1924)In-Bad the Sailor(1924)Stretching the Truth (1924)When Wise Ducks Meet (1924)On the Job (1924)ScreenwriterGasHouse Kids Go West (1947)ProducerLaw of the Tropics (1941)The Spiritualist (1948) also known as TheAmazing Mr. XThe Cobra Strikes (1948)External linksBenjamin Stoloff at IMDbPassage 3:Howard W.KochHoward Winchel Koch (April 11, 1916 – February 16, 2001) was an American producer and directorof film and television.Life and careerKoch was born in New York City, the son of Beatrice (Winchel) andWilliam Jacob Koch. His family was Jewish. He attended DeWitt Clinton High School and the Peddie Schoolin Hightstown, New Jersey. He began his film career as an employee at Universal Studios office in NewYork then made his Hollywood filmmaking debut in 1947 as an assistant director. He worked as aproducer for the first time in 1953 and a year later made his directing debut. In 1964, Paramount Picturesappointed him head of film production, a position he held until 1966 when he left to set up his ownproduction company. He had a production pact with Paramount for over 15 years.Among his numeroustelevision productions, Howard W. Koch produced the Academy Awards show on eight occasions.Dedicated to the industry, he served as President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciencesfrom 1977 to 1979. In 1990 the Academy honored him with The Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award andin 1991 he received the Frank Capra Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America.Togetherwith actor Telly Savalas, Howard Koch owned the thoroughbred racehorse Telly's Pop, winner of severalimportant California races for juveniles including the Norfolk Stakes and Del Mar Futurity.Howard W. Koch


Passage 1:Heather D. GibsonHeather Denise Gibson (Greek: Χέδερ Ντενίζ Γκίμπσον) is a Scottisheconomist currently serving as Director-Advisor to the Bank of Greece (since 2011). She was the spouseof Euclid Tsakalotos, former Greek Minister of Finance.Academic careerBefore assuming her duties at theBank of Greece and alternating child-rearing duties with her husband, Gibson worked at the University ofKent, where she published two volumes on international exchange rate mechanisms and wrote numerousarticles on this and other topics, sometimes in cooperation with her husband, who was teaching at Kentat the time.Personal lifeGibson first came to Greece in 1993, with her husband, with whom she took turnsaway from their respective economic studies to raise their three children while the other worked.Thecouple maintain two homes in Kifisia, along with an office in Athens and a vacation home in Preveza. In2013, this proved detrimental to Tsakalotos and his party when his critics began calling him «αριστερόςαριστοκράτης» (aristeros aristokratis, "aristocrat of the left"), while newspapers opposed to the Syrizaparty seized on his property holdings as a chance to accuse the couple of hypocrisy for enjoying agenerous lifestyle in private while criticizing the "ethic of austerity" in public. One opposition newspaperpublished on the front page criticism reasoning that Tsakalotos own family wealth came from the samesort of investments in companies as made by financial institutions JP Morgan andBlackRock.WorksEditorEconomic Bulletin, Bank of GreeceBooksThe Eurocurrency Markets, DomesticFinancial Policy and International Instability (London, etc., Longman: 1989) ISBN0312028261International Finance: Exchange Rates and Financial Flows in the International FinancialSystem (London, etc., Longman: 1996) ISBN 0582218136Economic Transformation, Democratization andIntegration into the European Union (London: Palgrave Macmillan: 2001) ISBN 9780333801222Articlesand papers"Fundamentally Wrong: Market Pricing of Sovereigns and the Greek Financial Crisis," Journalof Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 39(PB), pp. 405–419 (with Stephen G. & Tavlas, George S.,2014)"Capital flows and speculative attacks in prospective EU member states" (with Euclid Tsakalotos,Economics of Transition Volume 12, Issue 3, pages 559–586, September 2004)"A Unifying Framework forAnalysing Offsetting Capital Flows and Sterilisation: Germany and the ERM" (with Sophocles Brissimis &Euclid Tsakalotos, International Journal of Finance & Economics, 2002, vol. 7, issue 1, pp.63–78)"Internal vs External Financing of Acquisitions: Do Managers Squander Retained Profits" (withAndrew Dickerson and Euclid Tsakalotos, Studies in Economics, 1996; Oxford Bulletin of Economics andStatistics, 2000)"Are Aggregate Consumption Relationships Similar Across the European Union" (withAlan Carruth & Euclid Tsakalotos, Regional Studies, Volume 33, Issue 1, 1999)Takeover Risk and theMarket for Corporate Control: The Experience of British Firms in the 1970s and 1980 (with AndrewDickerson and Euclid Tsakalotos, 1998) PDF"The Impact of Acquisitions on Company Performance:Evidence from a Large Panel of UK Firms" (with Andrew Dickerson and Euclid Tsakalotos, OxfordEconomic Papers New Series, Vol. 49, No. 3 (Jul., 1997), pp. 344–361)"Short-Termism andUnderinvestment: The Influence of Financial Systems" (with Andrew Dickerson and Euclid Tsakalotos, TheManchester School of Economic & Social Studies, 1995, vol. 63, issue 4, pp. 351–67)"Testing a FlowModel of Capital Flight in Five European Countries" (with Euclid Tsakalotos, The Manchester School ofEconomic and Social Studies, Volume 61, Issue 2, pp. 144–166, June 1993)Full list of articles by HeatherD Gibson. researchgate.net. Recovered 7 July 2015Passage 2:Adib KheirAdib Kheir (Arabic: ) was a leading Syrian nationalist of the 1920s. He was the owner of the Librairie Universelle inDamascus. His granddaughter is the spouse of Manaf Tlass.Passage 3:Sophia Magdalena ofDenmarkSophia Magdalena of Denmark (Danish: Sophie Magdalene; Swedish: Sofia Magdalena; 3 July1746 – 21 August 1813) was Queen of Sweden from 1771 to 1792 as the wife of King Gustav III. Borninto the House of Oldenburg, the royal family of Denmark-Norway, Sophia Magdalena was the firstdaughter of King Frederick V of Denmark and Norway and his first consort, Princess Louise of GreatBritain. Already at the age of five, she was betrothed to Gustav, the heir apparent to the throne ofSweden, as part of an attempt to improve the traditionally tense relationship between the twoScandinavian realms. She was subsequently brought up to be the Queen of Sweden, and they married in


Passage 1:Demos ChiangDemos Yu-bou Chiang (Chinese: ), born on 10 September 1976 in Taipei, Taiwan, is a Taiwanese and Canadian businessman. He founded DEM Inc. (), a popular design studio in Taiwan in July 2003 and has served as its chairman since then. He is also known for being the great-grandson of the late Republic of China (ROC) President Chiang Kai-shek and the grandson of late President Chiang Ching-kuo. His grandmother was Faina Ipatyevna Vakhreva, also known as Chiang Fang-liang.BiographyBorn to Chiang Ching-kuo's third son Chiang Hsiao-yung and his wife Chiang Fang Chi-yi, he is the eldest of three sons. Demos Chiang was raised in Taipei until his grandfather's death in 1988. After his grandfather's death, Chiang's parents sent him to live in Canada and later the United States, though he still retained his ROC nationality, it also started the departure from politics for Demo's parents. Chiang received a bachelor's degree in Information Management from New York University in late 1990s. After graduating, Chiang worked in the entertainment and fashion industries in Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore, until founding DEM Inc. in 2003.In Spring 2001, Chiang began a relationship with local starlet Lin Heng-yi (), the daughter of Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital's then president Lin Hsin-jung (). The couple married in February 2003 and now have a daughter born in 2003 and a son born in 2005.Despite his pedigree and celebrity identity, Demos Chiang has repeatedly announced in recent years that he is not interested in political affairs. He has also accused both the Kuomintang and the Democratic Progressive Party for "poor political tactics", especially for utilizing Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo as figures of worship or denigration. In contrast to other prominent members of the Chiang family, such as John Chiang and his mother Chiang Fang Chi-yi, Demos Chiang has expressed his belief that the controversies of his ancestors should be faced fairly and left to history. He started a personal blog in January 2008 to further explain his beliefs.Passage 2:Chiang Hsiao-wenChiang Hsiao-wen (Chinese:  ; also known as Alan Chiang; 14 December 1935 – 14 April 1989) was the eldest son of Chiang Ching-kuo, the President of the Republic of China in Taiwan from 1978 to 1988. His mother is Faina Ipatyevna Vakhreva, also known as Chiang Fang-liang. He had one younger sister,  Hsiao-chang, and two younger brothers, Hsiao-wu and Hsiao-yung.  He had two half-brothers, Winston Chang and John Chiang, with whom he shared the same father.He married Xu Nai Jin (Nancy) (Chinese: ) in 1960 and had a daughter, Yomei, in 1961. He suffered brain damage in 1970 while being treated for diabetes. He died of throat cancer on April 14, 1989.Passage 3:John Adams (merchant)John Adams (1672 or 1673 – c. 1745) was an American-born Canadian merchant and member of the Nova Scotia Council. He was the father-in-law of Henry Newton.BiographyAdams was born in Boston in either 1672 or 1673 to John and Avis Adams. Growing up as a petty merchant, Adams joined Sir Charles Hobby's New England regiment, participating in the capture of Port-Royal in 1710. Shortly thereafter, Adams settled in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia, returning to civilian life. There, he traded manufactured goods with the province's Acadian and Native Americans, and took up the role of a real estate agent and contractor. Adams joined the Executive Council of Nova Scotia on 28 April 1720, holding his position there for 20 years; the records show that few served as long as he did. He also held several other public positions in the province. Adams was appointed a notary public and deputy collector of customs for Annapolis Royal in 1725, and he was commissioned a justice of the peace in March 1727.Around the mid-1720s, Adams' poor eyesight began to fail, leading to his near-blindness in 1730. After this, he was less active in community activities and trade. Adams petitioned to the king for a pension several times, but failed. He blamed his disability on over-exposure to the sun during an Indian attack on Annapolis Royal in 1724. In December 1739, Lieutenant Governor Lawrence Armstrong died. With the absence of Major Mascarene to take Armstrong's place, Adams became the new president of the council and head of the civil government. (Alexander Cosby was also vying for the position.) In a meeting on 22 March 1740, with the return of Mascarene, the councilors declared that he was the council's rightful president. This turn of events led Adams to retire to Boston in late August or early September 1740, where he stayed for the rest of his life. He died some time after 1745.NotesPassage 4:Barthold A. Butenschøn Sr.Hans Barthold Andresen Butenschøn (27 December 1877 – 28 November 1971) was a Norwegian businessperson.He was born in Kristiania as a son of Nils


Passage 1:Maria Manuela, Princess of PortugalDona Maria Manuela (15 October 1527 – 12 July 1545) was the eldest daughter and second child of King John III of Portugal and his wife Catherine of Austria. She was Princess of Asturias and Duchess of Milan as the first wife of the future Philip II of Spain, and Princess of Portugal as heir presumptive to the Portuguese throne between 1527 and 1535.Early lifeMaria was born in Coimbra on 15 October 1527 and was one of the two children of John III to survive childhood. In her youth, Maria received a humanistic education that was considered typical for a princess of her time.Marriage and later lifeShe married her double first cousin Philip II of Spain on 12 November 1543 at Salamanca. As she was to be married to the Prince of Asturias, heir apparent to the Spanish crown, and being an Infanta of Portugal, their wedding became one of the most remarkable in the history of Spain due to its opulence. Contemporary writers have left detailed descriptions of the journey from Madrid to Badajoz to Salamanca to receive the princess and of the luxuries she was given by the Duke of Medina Sidonia in Badajoz.She gave birth to their son Carlos on 8 July 1545 in Valladolid, but died four days later due to a haemorrhage. She was initially buried in the Royal Chapel of Granada on 30 March 1549 but was later transferred to Royal Crypt of the Monastery of El Escorial.AncestryNotesPassage 2:Philip II of SpainPhilip II (21 May 1527 – 13 September 1598), also known as Philip the Prudent (Spanish: Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598. He was also jure uxoris King of England and Ireland from his marriage to Queen Mary I in 1554 until her death in 1558. He was also Duke of Milan from 1540. From 1555, he was Lord of the Seventeen Provinces of the Netherlands.The son of Emperor Charles V and Isabella of Portugal, Philip inherited his father's Spanish Empire in 1556 and succeeded to the Portuguese throne in 1580 following a dynastic crisis. The Spanish conquests of the Inca Empire and of the Philippines, named in his honor by Ruy López de Villalobos, were completed during his reign. Under Philip II,  Spain reached the height of its influence and power, sometimes called the Spanish Golden Age, and ruled territories in every continent then known to Europeans. Philip led a highly debt-leveraged regime, seeing state defaults in 1557, 1560, 1569, 1575, and 1596. This policy was partly the cause of the declaration of independence that created the Dutch Republic in 1581. Philip finished building the royal palace El Escorial in 1584.Deeply devout, Philip saw himself as the defender of Catholic Europe against the Ottoman Empire and the Protestant Reformation. In 1584, Philip signed the Treaty of Joinville funding the French Catholic League over the following decade in its civil war against the French Huguenots. In 1588, he sent an armada to invade Protestant England, with the strategic aim of overthrowing Elizabeth I and re-establishing Catholicism there, but his fleet was defeated in a skirmish at Gravelines (northern France) and then destroyed by storms as it circled the British Isles to return to Spain. The following year Philip's naval power was able to recover after the failed invasion of the English Armada into Spain. Two more Spanish armadas unsuccessfully tried to invade England in 1596 and 1597. The Anglo-Spanish war carried on until 1604, six years after Philip's death.Under Philip, an average of about 9,000 soldiers were recruited from Spain each year, rising to as many as 20,000 in crisis years. Between 1567 and 1574, nearly 43,000 men left Spain to fight in Italy and the Low Countries (modern-day Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands).Philip was described by the Venetian ambassador Paolo Fagolo in 1563 as "slight of stature and round-faced, with pale blue eyes, somewhat prominent lip, and pink skin, but his overall appearance is very attractive. ... He dresses very tastefully, and everything that he does is courteous and gracious." Philip was married four times; all his wives predeceased him.Early life: 1527–1544A member of the House of Habsburg, Philip was the son of Emperor Charles V, who was also king of Castile and Aragon, and Isabella of Portugal. He was born in the Castilian capital of Valladolid on 21 May 1527 at Palacio de Pimentel, which was owned by Don Bernardino Pimentel (the first Marqués de Távara). The culture and courtly life of Castile were an important influence in his early life. He was entrusted to the royal governess Leonor de Mascareñas, and tutored by Juan Martínez Siliceo, the future archbishop of Toledo. Philip displayed reasonable aptitude in arts and letters alike. Later he would study with more illustrious tutors, including the humanist Juan Cristóbal Calvete de Estrella. Though Philip had good command over Latin, Spanish, and Portuguese, he never


Passage 1:Maurice FitzGerald, 2nd Earl of DesmondMaurice FitzMaurice FitzGerald, 2nd Earl of Desmond(d. 1358) (Maurice Óg) was the son of Maurice FitzGerald, 1st Earl of Desmond, and his first wife,Catherine de Burgh. (Some sources list her as Margaret.)The 2nd Earl married Beatrice de Stafford,daughter of Ralph de Stafford, 1st Earl of Stafford and Margaret Audley, but died at Castle Maine withoutany male issue, and was therefore succeeded in the Earldom of Desmond by his half-brother GeraldFitzGerald, 3rd Earl of Desmond. FitzGerald's widow married Thomas de Ros, 4th Baron de Ros around ayear after FitzGerald's death. He was buried in Tralee Abbey.Passage 2:William Feilding, 1st Earl ofDenbighAdmiral William Feilding, 1st Earl of Denbigh (c. 1587 – 8 April 1643, Cannock) was an Englishnaval officer and courtier.BiographyWilliam Feilding was the son of Basil Fielding of Newnham Paddox inWarwickshire (High Sheriff of Warwickshire in 1612) and of Elizabeth Aston, daughter of Sir Walter Aston(1530–1599).Feilding matriculated at Emmanuel College, Cambridge in 1603. In 1606 Feilding marriedSusan, daughter of Sir George Villiers and sister of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, who wasennobled as the favourite of King James I. With the rise of Villiers, both Feilding and his wife receivedvarious offices and dignities.Knighted on 4 March 1607, William Feilding was created Baron and ViscountFeilding in 1620. Two years later he was appointed Master of the Great Wardrobe and Custos Rotulorumof Warwickshire and Earl of Denbigh on 14 September 1622. He attended Prince Charles on the Spanishadventure, served as admiral in the unsuccessful Cadiz Expedition in 1625, and commanded thedisastrous attempt upon Rochelle in 1628, becoming the same year a member of the Council of war, andin 1633 a Member of the Council of Wales and the Marches.In 1631, Lord Denbigh ventured to the East aserstwhile ambassador to the court of Safi of Persia. He visited the East India Company's fledgling Indianpossessions where, in 1632, Lord Denbigh met with the Mogul emperor. He returned to England in late1633.On 6 July 1641 a barge carrying Feilding, his daughter Elizabeth, Lady Kinalmeaky, Lady Cornwallis,and Anne Kirke capsized while shooting the rapids at London Bridge. Kirke was drowned but the otherpassengers were rescued.On the outbreak of the English Civil War he served under Prince Rupert of theRhine and was present at the Battle of Edgehill. On 3 April 1643 during Rupert's attack on Birmingham hewas wounded and died from the effects on the 8th, being buried at Monks Kirby in Warwickshire. Hiscourage, unselfishness and devotion to duty are much praised by Edward Hyde, Earl ofClarendon.FamilySir William and his wife, Susan Villiers, had six children:Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl ofDenbigh (c. 1608–1675)George Feilding, 1st Earl of Desmond (c. 1614–1665)Lady Mary Feilding(1613–1638), married James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton.Lady Anne Feilding (died 1636), marriedBaptist Noel, 3rd Viscount CampdenElizabeth Feilding, Countess of Guildford (died 1667), married LewisBoyle, 1st Viscount Boyle.Lady Henrietta Marie Feilding (died young)His daughter, Lady Mary Feilding(1613–1638), also known as Margaret, was married to James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton, one of theheirs to the throne of Scotland after the descendants of James VI (James I of England). Her portrait waspainted by Anthony van Dyck and Henry Pierce Bone. His eldest son, Basil, inherited the title of Earl ofDenbigh. His second son, George Feilding, was awarded the right to the title of Earl of Desmond at thesame time as his father was made Earl of Denbigh in 1622. George Feilding was around eight years old atthe time. Earl of Desmond was a lesser title than Earl of Denbigh, being a title in the Irish, rather thanEnglish, peerage.AncestryNotesPassage 3:George Feilding, 1st Earl of DesmondGeorge Feilding, 1st Earlof Desmond (c. 1614 – 31 January 1665) was an English aristocrat, awarded the title of Earl of Desmondin the Peerage of Ireland by Charles I  of England under the terms of a letter patent issued by James I ofEngland.George Feilding was the second son of William Feilding, 1st Earl of Denbigh, and his wife, theformer Susan Villiers. Susan was the sister of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, confidant andlover of James I, and her family were showered with titles and preferment as a result of George Villiers'immense influence.In 1622, when George Feilding was around 8 years old, James I created him BaronFielding, of Lecaghe in the County of Tipperary, and Viscount Callan, of Callan in the County of Kilkenny.At the same time, George was given the right to the title Earl of Desmond as and when the previousholder of that title, Richard Preston, died without a male heir. Preston had also been a favourite and


Passage 1:Pooja BhattPooja Bhatt (born 24 February 1972) is an Indian film director, actress, voice over artist and film maker. Born into the Bhatt family, she is the daughter of Indian filmmaker, Mahesh Bhatt and the half-sister of Alia Bhatt and cousin of Emraan Hashmi. Bhatt played her first leading role in Mahesh Bhatt's television film Daddy in 1989. For the film, she won the Filmfare Award for Lux New Face of the Year for Best Female Debut. She is also seen in the Bigg Boss OTT (Hindi season 2)Early lifePooja Bhatt was born on 24 February 1972 to Mahesh Bhatt and Kiran Bhatt (born Loraine Bright). On her father's side, Bhatt is of Gujarati descent and on her mother's side, she is of English, Scottish, Armenian, and Burmese ancestry. She is the step-daughter of Soni Razdan. She has a brother, Rahul Bhatt and half-sisters Shaheen and Alia Bhatt. Her cousins are Hitarth Bhat and Emraan Hashmi.CareerBhatt made her acting debut at age 17, in 1989 with Daddy, a TV film directed by her father Mahesh Bhatt. In the film she portrayed a soul-searching teenage girl in an estranged relationship with her alcoholic father, played by actor Anupam Kher.Her biggest solo hit and her big screen debut came with the musical hit Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin (1991), which was a remake of the Oscar-winning Hollywood classic It Happened One Night. Pooja Bhatt appeared in many bold shoots like Stardust.Her most well-known films in the 1990s included Sadak opposite Sanjay Dutt (1991), Junoon, Jaanam, and Phir Teri Kahani Yaad Aayee opposite Rahul Roy, Sir (1993) and Guneghar (1995) opposite Atul Agnihotri, Tadipaar (1993) and Naaraaz (1994) opposite Mithun Chakraborty, Hum Dono opposite Rishi Kapoor, Angrakshak opposite Sunny Deol (1995), Chaahat opposite Shah Rukh Khan (1996), Tamanna (1997), the super-hit and multi-starrer Border (1997) and Zakhm (1998), opposite Ajay Devgan. Her last film appearance was in the English language film Everybody Says I'm Fine! in 2001.From 2003 to 2012, she focused on producing and directing. She made her directorial debut with Paap in 2004, starring John Abraham and Udita Goswami. Since then, she has made four more directorial ventures: Holiday (2006), Dhokha (2007), Kajraare (2010) and Jism 2 (2012).In 2020, Bhatt returned to acting with Sadak 2, a sequel to the hit 1991 film. Her father returned to directing with this film after 20 years. It was released on 28 August 2020 on the streaming platform Disney+ Hotstar.In 2021, Bhatt made her web series debut in the Netflix series Bombay Begums. It also featured Rahul Bose, Amruta Subhash, Shahana Goswami, Plabita Borthakur and Aadhya Anand.In 2022, she appeared in the film Chup: Revenge of the Artist.Currently , She is a Participant of Bigg Boss OTT 2FilmographyActing rolesTelevisionAwards and recognitionsPassage 2:Peter HamelPeter Hamel (1911–1979) was a German screenwriter and a director of film and television. He appeared as himself in the 1948 comedy Film Without a Title. He is the father of the composer Peter Michael Hamel.Selected filmographyFilm Without a Title (1948)Artists' Blood (1949)Oh, You Dear Fridolin (1952)The Daring Swimmer (1957)Passage 3:Ian Barry (director)Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV.Select creditsWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)Stone (1974) (editor only)The Chain Reaction (1980)Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)Minnamurra (1989)Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)Crimebroker (1993)Inferno (1998) (TV movie)Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)Passage 4:Yasuichi OshimaYasuichi Oshima ( , Ōshima Yasuichi, born 24 March 1954 in Kyoto) is a Japanese manga artist. In 1984, he won the Kodansha Manga Award for shōnen for Bats & Terry.He is the father of manga artist Towa Oshima.Selected worksKenkaku Shōbai (2008–2021)Passage 5:Paul BrookePaul Brooke (born 22 November 1944) is a retired English actor of film, television and radio. He made his film debut in 1972 in the Hammer film Straight on till Morning, followed by performances in For Your Eyes Only (1981), Return of the Jedi (1983), Scandal (1989), Saving Grace (2000), Bridget Jones's Diary (2001), Alfie (2004), The Phantom of the Opera (2004), and Oliver Twist (2005). Brooke is the father of actor Tom Brooke.CareerBrooke began as a stage actor and has played in many London productions, including several years as a member of Frank Dunlop's original Young Vic Company. He played Malakili the Rancor Keeper in the 1983 Star Wars film Return of the Jedi (his voiced dubbed over by Ernie Fosselius). He played British Conservative politician Ian Gow in the 2004 BBC series The Alan Clark Diaries. In 2006, he guest starred in the Doctor Who audio adventure Year of the Pig as well as the 1990


Passage 1:Köpekler AdasıKöpekler Adası is a 1997 Turkish film, directed by Halit Refiğ and starring MursitBag, Ekrem Dümer, and Tanju Gürsu.Passage 2:Borsalino & Co.Borsalino & Co. is a 1974 French crimefilm directed by Jacques Deray and starring Alain Delon, Riccardo Cucciolla and Daniel Ivernel. It is thesequel to the 1970 film Borsalino, opening with the criminal Siffredi as he searches Marseille for the gangthat murdered his friend Capella.PlotSiffredi, a prominent gangster in 1930s Marseille, learns that themurder of his associate and closest friend Capella was ordered by a new arrival in the city, Volpone. Inrevenge, he kills Volpone's brother by throwing him from a moving train. A gang war ensues. Volpone'smen win, capturing Siffredi and putting his mistress Lola in a brothel. Siffredi is humiliated by the gangby turning him into an alcoholic wreck who is shut up in a psychiatric hospital. Rescued by the only othersurvivor of the gang, he escapes by boat to Italy. Left supreme in Marseille, Volpone is backed by thegovernment of Nazi Germany and has the police in his pocket.Three years later, Siffredi has recovered hishealth, made some money and assembled a new gang. Returning to Marseille, they free Lola from thebrothel and in a new war eliminate most of Volpone's men. Capturing his right-hand man together withthe police commissioner who kowtows to him, Siffredi makes the two roaring drunk and calls injournalists to publicise the shameful spectacle. A new police commissioner decides to let Siffredi finish thejob. When Volpone tries to flee to Germany, Siffredi captures him on the train and stuffs him into thefirebox of the locomotive. Not wanting to start again in Marseille, with Lola and his gang he then takes aship for the United States.Partial castAlain Delon - Roch SiffrediRiccardo Cucciolla - VolponeDaniel Ivernel- Inspector FantiReinhard Kolldehoff - SamAndré Falcon - Inspector CazenaveLionel Vitrant -FernandAdolfo Lastretti - LucianoGreg Germain - Le 'Nègre'Pierre Koulak - SpadaMarius Laurey -TeissereSerge Davri - CharlieGünter Meisner - Le médecinJacques Debary - Le préfetDjéloul Beghoura -LucienBruno Balp - Un spectateur de l'AlcazarCatherine Rouvel - LolaAnton Diffring - GermanMireille Darc- CameoProductionFilming took place from 29 March to 25 June 1974.ReceptionThe film was a box officedisappointment, especially considering the success of the first movie.Passage 3:Hassan ZeeHassan"Doctor" Zee is a Pakistani-American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan.Early lifeDoctor Zeegrew up in Chakwal, a small village in Punjab, Pakistan. as one of seven brothers and sisters  His fatherwas in the military and this fact required the family to move often to different cities. As a child Zee wasforbidden from watching cinema because his father believed movies were a bad influence on children.Atage 13, Doctor Zee got his start in the world of entertainment at Radio Pakistan where he wrote andproduced radio dramas and musical programs.  It was then that he realized his passion for storytelling Atthe age of 26, Doctor Zee earned his medical doctorate degree and did his residency in a burn unit at thePakistan Institute of Medical Sciences. He cared for women who were victims of  "Bride Burning," thearchaic practice used as a form of punishment against women who fail to provide sufficient dowry to theirin-laws after marriage or fail to provide offspring.  He also witnessed how his country’s transgender andintersex people, called “hijras”, were banned from having jobs and forced to beg to survive. Theseexperiences inspired Doctor Zee to tackle the issues of women’s empowerment and gender inequality inhis films.In 1999, he came to San Francisco to pursue his dream of filmmaking and made San Franciscohis homeEducationHe received his early education from Jinnah Public School, Chakwal. He got his medicaldoctor degree at Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan.Film careerDoctor Zee's first film titled Night ofHenna was released in 2005. The theme of the film dealt with "the conflict between Old World immigrantcustoms and modern Western ways..." Night of Henna focused on the problems of Pakistani expatriateswho found it hard to adjust in American culture. Many often landed themselves in trouble when it came tomarrying off their children.His second film Bicycle Bride came out in 2010, which was about "the clashbetween the bonds of family and the weight of tradition." His third film House of Temptation that cameout in 2014 was about a family which struggles against the temptations of the Devil. His fourth film “GoodMorning Pakistan”, concerned a young American’s journey back to Pakistan where he confronts thecontradictory nature of a beautiful and ancient culture that's marred by economic, educational andgender inequality His upcoming fifth film, "Ghost in San Francisco" is a supernatural thriller starring


Passage 1:Henry KrauseHenry J. "Red" Krause, Jr. (August 28, 1913 – February 20, 1987) was an American football offensive lineman in the National Football League for the Brooklyn Dodgers and the Washington Redskins.  He played college football at St. Louis University.Passage 2:Carlo I Cybo-MalaspinaCarlo I Cybo-Malaspina (18 November 1581 - 13 February 1662) was an Italian nobleman, who was prince of Massa and marquis of Carrara from 1623 until his death.Born in Ferrara, he was the son of Alderano Cybo-Malaspina and Marfisa d'Este. He was also Duke of Ferentillo and held other patrician positions in several of the numerous Italian states of the time. In 1605, he married the Genoese noblewoman Brigida Spinola, from whom he had numerous children.The eldest of them, Alberico, succeeded him after his death in 1662.Passage 3:Abd al-MuttalibShayba ibn Hāshim (Arabic:   ; c. 497–578), better known as Abd al-Mualib, (Arabic:  , lit. 'Servant of Muttalib') was the fourth chief of the Quraysh tribal confederation. He was the grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.Early lifeHis father was Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf,: 81 the progenitor of the distinguished Banu Hashim, a clan of the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. They claimed descent from Ismā'īl and Ibrāhīm. His mother was Salma bint Amr, from the Banu Najjar, a clan of the Khazraj tribe in Yathrib (later called Madinah). Hashim died while doing business in Gaza, before Abd al-Muttalib was born.: 81 His real name was "Shaiba" meaning 'the ancient one' or 'white-haired' because of the streak of white through his jet-black hair, and is sometimes also called Shaybah al-amd ("The white streak of praise").: 81–82 After his father's death he was raised in Yathrib with his mother and her family until about the age of eight, when his uncle Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf went to see him and asked his mother Salmah to entrust Shaybah to his care. Salmah was unwilling to let her son go and Shaiba refused to leave his mother without her consent. Mualib then pointed out that the possibilities Yathrib had to offer were incomparable to Mecca. Salmah was impressed with his arguments, so she agreed to let him go. Upon first arriving in Mecca, the people assumed the unknown child was Muttalib's servant and started calling him 'Abd al-Muttalib ("servant of Muttalib").: 85–86Chieftain of Hashim clanWhen Mualib died, Shaiba succeeded him as the chief of the Hāshim clan. Following his uncle Al-Mualib, he took over the duties of providing the pilgrims with food and water, and carried on the practices of his forefathers with his people. He attained such eminence as none of his forefathers enjoyed; his people loved him and his reputation was great among them.: 61 'Umar ibn Al-Khaāb's grandfather Nufayl ibn Abdul Uzza arbitrated in a dispute between 'Abdul-Mualib and arb ibn Umayyah, Abu Sufyan's father, over the custodianship of the Kaaba. Nufayl gave his verdict in favour of 'Abdul-Mualib. Addressing arb ibn Umayyah, he said:Why do you pick a quarrel with a person who is taller than you in stature; more imposing than you in appearance; more refined than you in intellect; whose progeny outnumbers yours and whose generosity outshines yours in lustre? Do not, however, construe this into any disparagement of your good qualities which I highly appreciate. You are as gentle as a lamb, you are renowned throughout Arabia for the stentorian tones of your voice, and you are an asset to your tribe.Discovery of Zam Zam Well'Abdul-Mualib said that while sleeping in the sacred enclosure, he had dreamed he was ordered to dig at the worship place of the Quraysh between the two deities Isāf and Nā'ila. There he would find the Zamzam Well, which the Jurhum tribe had filled in when they left Mecca. The Quraysh tried to stop him digging in that spot, but his son Al-ārith stood guard until they gave up their protests. After three days of digging, 'Abdul-Mualib found traces of an ancient religious well and exclaimed, "Allahuakbar!" Some of the Quraysh disputed his claim to sole rights over water, then one of them suggested that they go to a female shaman who lived afar. It was said that she could summon jinns and that she could help them decide who was the owner of the well. So, 11 people from the 11 tribes went on the expedition. They had to cross the desert to meet the priestess but then they got lost. There was a lack of food and water and people started to lose hope of ever getting out. One of them suggested that they dig their own graves and if they died, the last person standing would bury the others. So all began digging their own graves and just as Abdul-Mualib started digging, water spewed out from the hole he dug and everyone became overjoyed. It was then and there decided that Abdul-Muttalib was the owner of the Zam Zam well.