Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: So in last meeting we have discussed the conceptualdesign and we asked you to prepare a prototype for the for the remote control .User Interface:{vocalsound} Okay .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound} So {gap} . {vocalsound} So let's see the {disfmarker} what did you prepare .UserInterface: Yeah , so can you go out to the shared folder ? Mm the shared folder .Project Manager: Shshare folder for th your presentation ?User Interface: Yes . We have a presentation .Project Manager:Because I have here {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Uh{disfmarker} {gap} So I got the participant uh three . W uh {vocalsound} . Three . It's the final design ,yeah .Project Manager: Okay just one {gap} .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface:{vocalsound} S so so I discussed with Guillaume .Industrial Designer: Mm . {vocalsound} Yeah .UserInterface: Right . {vocalsound} And uh {vocalsound} so we have {vocalsound} {disfmarker} and we weare both agreed on some two versions of the prototypes , because we were no not decided whether wewanted to have an L_C_D_ or not because it's too expensive . So we come up with two versions . Onewith and one without L_C_D_s . Um but both comes with a charger and then detachable and uh or {gap}control module . And detachable big buttons for all people um . So {vocalsound} .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound} S okay so I'll show you the the two prototypes {vocalsound} . Here we have the first onewith the beautiful uh L_C_D_ um display . You you can s here . And you can uh just um browse into thethe navigation menu by uh joystick joystick-like uh button .User Interface: Mm .Industrial Designer: Youcan uh choose the direction and if you just push on it it's considered like a enter function .User Interface:Mm . Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: You have on the mm on the side here the microphone for the{vocalsound} for the speech recognition system here .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:And here the the switch that control if you want {disfmarker}Project Manager: Why you why you you putit in the the side ?Industrial Designer: Well I I I think uh it's the {disfmarker}Project Manager: It's not agood place maybe {gap} .Industrial Designer: Yeah but {disfmarker}User Interface: No i i it's the allaround camer uh microphone isn't it . The the microphone picks up the speeches from anywhere.Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: Is it an only a single mic or a microphone array ?IndustrialDesigner: Well so it's a microphone array .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh it's verycostly , microphone array {vocalsound} .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} NoUserInterface: Yeah {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: it's just a single microphone , and you {disfmarker} I Ithink uh we we put it here because I think when you when you are browsing your L_C_D_ you will beclose to {disfmarker}User Interface: Mm .Marketing: Yeah .Industrial Designer: well it's better to to toplace it here th than here , for instance .User Interface: Yeah {vocalsound} yeah .Marketing: Okay.Industrial Designer: And here is a little switch that control if you want the the speaker uh recognitionsystem to um to be on or off . And uh so this remote control comes up with its charger .Project Manager:How much does it cost this one ?Industrial Designer: Well this this prototype is um made for about uhwell fi fi fifteen fifteen dollarsUser Interface: For the {disfmarker}Project Manager: Fifteen dollars ?UserInterface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} fifteen dollars ,Project Manager: Ah it's above it'sabove the budget .Industrial Designer: but uh well it's not it's not uh {disfmarker} yeah , but uh it's justa prototype and if we uh if we optimises the um the uh {disfmarker} voila .Marketing: The cost would bele reduced .Industrial Designer: Yeah the {gap} and the the production costs we we can achieve uh aboutten dollars . {gap}User Interface: Mm . Hmm .Project Manager: How many b battery is there ?IndustrialDesigner: How many , excuse me ?Project Manager: Battery .Industrial Designer: Well uh f battery , weuse uh about uh {disfmarker}User Interface: Is it n the two A_A_s batteries in it .Industrial Designer:Yeah .User Interface: A_A_ rechargeable batteries .Industrial Designer: Rechargeable of course ,UserInterface: Yeah rechargeable batteries .Industrial Designer: because we have the charger .UserInterface: We have the charger so it's no problem .Industrial Designer: Yeah and you just{disfmarker}Project Manager: So one one battery ?Industrial Designer: On uh yeah one battery.Marketing: Is that two or one ?User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: It's kinetic reserve .User


Project Manager: So welcome . The first kick-off meeting . What shall we do ? First the opening , then therest . What are we going to do . We m have to make a new remote control .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: It has to be original , trendy and user-friendly . So we will get back th onthat . First we have to make a functional design . After that we have to make a conceptual design , andthen after that a detailed design . So we'll discuss that later . First we have a look at {gap} . So first to{disfmarker} we have to make a small painting . What have {disfmarker} do we have to do . First youcan save the documents . We have to do that every time we make something . You can print it . No . Andwe have to use {vocalsound} the pen and the eraser . So {disfmarker} Now . We all have to use this one.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: You have to make your own favourite animal.Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: So I'll make an example .Marketing: Yep .Project Manager:First don't touch that things .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} You canuse the pen . And then you can make {vocalsound} um something .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Nice .Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Um you can change somethings .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um format , line , and change it . {gap}{disfmarker} {vocalsound} {vocalsound} And you can change the colour .User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: An elephant . {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound} So that's it . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: So {disfmarker} So and after it you have to save it .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager:Now we can make a new one .Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: You have to paint now . {vocalsound}So you're next .Marketing: Oh . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: 'Kay.Marketing: Well we will try . Where it going ?Industrial Designer: {gap} .User Interface: Hmm . That'suh strange . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {gap} .Project Manager: What is going on ?IndustrialDesigner: {gap} pop-ups .Project Manager: What are you {disfmarker} What ?Marketing: Hmm .ProjectManager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{gap} .Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: What is this , Pictionary .Marketing:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Um{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Uh a bird .Project Manager: Is a {disfmarker} It is a {disfmarker} It isa {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Bird .Project Manager: A duck .Marketing: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}Marketing: Mm .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: So {disfmarker} Nowsave ?Project Manager: Yes .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: Hmm .Marketing: Now uh blank?Project Manager: Blank , yes .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay next one .{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay . Let's try this . Uh {disfmarker}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound} Whoo .Marketing: Yeah , yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound} Um . Mm-hmm .Mm .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Oh . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Oh not . Oh .{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Okay . Okay .Yeah . No problem .Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Shit happens . {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound} {vocalsound} I'm not getting anything uh on my screen now . Okay .Industrial Designer: Aparrot . Ish .Marketing: Wow . Oh .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: He did it before .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}User Interface: Uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}User Interface: No , no . Yeah . Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound} Nice .ProjectManager: Very good .Industrial Designer: Oh .User Interface: Uh blank .Industrial Designer: Thank you.Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: Okay . Very good . So um you can always go back . {gap} So{disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} That's it . So that was two . Nownext . The budget . The b Uh we will sell the t at twenty five Euros . And we have only twenty of twelveand a half Euro to make it . So {vocalsound} now we have to think about what we will make . First I


Lynne Neagle AM: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to the Children, Young People and EducationCommittee. We've received apologies for absence from Suzy Davies, and I'm very pleased to welcomeAngela Burns, who is substituting for Suzy this morning. We've also received apologies from DawnBowden. Can I also welcome Siân Gwenllian to the meeting? Siân is joining us from her constituencyoffice via video-conference. Can I ask Members if they've got any declarations of interest, please?Hefin.Hefin David AM: Apologies. I'm currently registered as an associate lecturer at Cardiff MetropolitanUniversity, although I haven't done any work for them for some time.Lynne Neagle AM: Okay. Thank youvery much. We'll move on, then, to item 2 this morning, which is our evidence session on the highereducation new academic year allocations. I'm very pleased to welcome David Blaney, who is chiefexecutive of the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales, and Bethan Owen, who is deputy chiefexecutive of HEFCW. Thank you, both, for attending this morning. We're looking forward to hearing whatyou've got to say. If you're happy, we'll go straight into questions from Members, and the first questionsare from Angela Burns.Angela Burns AM: Good morning. Thank you very much, indeed. I just wanted totalk about, really, the financial sustainability of the higher education sector because, as we know, there'sbeen all sorts of things going on in the press. So, can I just start with, actually, quite a technical questionand ask you what the financial indicators look like for the universities here in Wales, and are thereparticular indicators that are really flashing warning signals to you?Dr David Blaney: Well, shall I juststart with a couple of contextualising comments and Bethan can come in then with some detail? It'sundeniably the case there are financial challenges facing our universities. They result from three maincauses: one is the impact of the demographic dip of 18-year-olds, which is deeper and longer in Walesthan it is elsewhere in the UK. There are increased pension costs and, actually, increased costs generally.And, of course, we also have current uncertainty as a result of the Augar review in England, and whetherthat might play into Wales, and also Brexit. These challenges are not unique to Wales; the majority of theUK universities are actually taking out cost one way or another. So, this is not a Welsh issue. Before theDiamond review of fees and funding in Wales, there was a pre-existing funding gap in resource betweenEngland and Wales, and even now, that's still the case. So, Welsh higher education institutions areapproximately £40 million worse off than they would be in the English system. That's a challenge, andthat is a result from a political decision to invest in students, and that's fine. The money's gone into thesystem but it hasn't gone into universities, necessarily. So, these are serious challenges for institutions tomanage, but I think it is a managed situation. We're not seeing a crisis; we are seeing some realchallenges, and there is a distinction, I think, between—. We have to understand, though, that taking outcost to balance the books has a detrimental effect on the capacity. Obviously it impacts on the peoplewho lose their jobs immediately, but there's a medium to longer term impact on the capacity of thesystem to deliver for Wales. They are taking out capacity; they're not cutting at fat now, they're cuttingout core capacity. And so, the range of the curriculum, the range of research and innovation, the range ofthe contribution that universities can make will be diminished by that. And against that backdrop, theintroduction of the Diamond reforms is hugely important—delivery of that is going to be reallyimportant—and we are really pleased to see the Minister able to meet her commitments in respect ofthat. The Diamond money is coming in. This forthcoming year will be the first year we see an increase inthe resource, through us, to higher education. And the projections in future years are better still, and thatwill be extremely important. The performance of the sector is very good; we had the national studentsurvey results out yesterday. Wales is still the best in the UK, which is excellent. We have the best impactfrom research in Wales across the UK. So, all of that is very positive, but that is also being done at somecost. There are some very tired staff in universities, and we've seen some stuff in the press recentlyabout some of the impact of stress there as well.Angela Burns AM: Can I bring you back to the financialelement of that? Can I just ask a question: what are the university reserves looking like at present?DrDavid Blaney: Here, I refer to my learned friend.Bethan Owen: The reserves are a measure. There's adifference between the distributable reserves—I don't have those numbers before me, but looking at


Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: {gap} .Project Manager: Right . Okay .Alright . Is everyone here ? {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} Yep . {vocalsound}User Interface:Yep .Project Manager: Okay . This is our conceptual design meeting . And {disfmarker} {vocalsound} I'lljust take a few minutes and uh go through the previous minutes . Um then each of you will have yourpresentation , um and then we will need to make a decision on the concept for the remote control . Andthen we'll have uh forty minutes for finishing up . Um {disfmarker} {vocalsound} I'll go through the meethrough the minutes first . Um , we just refreshed our our uh goal of making the finest remote controlavailable .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Um we decided that , or weknow that we need to use company colours , company logo . Um {vocalsound} and our Marketing Expertuh gave us some i uh information from interviews with a hundred different remote users . Um with somestatistics that backed basically what we were thinking before . People thought their remotes were ugly ,um um that remotes zap a lot . Um they only use uh a finite amount of buttons .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: Um and that they often lose the {disfmarker} it's easy to lose a remote .Um which were all things we were thinking we would {disfmarker} wanna make it simple . Um{disfmarker} {vocalsound} And uh some sort of locator . Either a button or tracking device . Um{disfmarker} And that it should look different than what's out there . Um {disfmarker} Kind of mixedmixed response on the speech recognition . The younger people said they wanted it , older people did not. Um uh I think we decided that um the expense was not necessarily worth it , and that it was probably agimmick , that um would increasingly wear on the consumers' nerves . Um {vocalsound} {disfmarker}Then the User Interface Designer um explored some of the technical functions of the remote . Um thesimple versus the um the complex . The simple one being better for a user , the complex better for anengineer . Um {disfmarker} Um and some personal preferences that were found in that would be that itshould be a user-oriented remote , something simple . Um and that we didn't wanna go with a universalremote , because uh increasing cost and increasing complexity . Um we would just have a T_V_ remote .Um and that we should also focus on the appearance of the remote . Have it s be something that looksdifferent . And finally our um Industrial Designer uh gave us a rundown of how the remote will work . Umfrom energy source , um uh what we would use . Batteries because we don't wanna have a a cable . Um{disfmarker} {vocalsound} How that would power the remote and the lamp . If we were to to have one .Uh um the user interface then would connect to a chip , {vocalsound} which would work with the infraredcontrols uh to send the signal to the T_V_ . Um {disfmarker} I believe then we came up with a couple ofideas for what we think the design of the remote will be . Um {disfmarker} {vocalsound} Um somethingthat will fit into uh easily into someone's hand . {vocalsound} And with a , just a few buttons . Just thebasics . And with a scrolling um function also . Okay and I will leave that , leave it at that . So{disfmarker} Marketing ?Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: We're watching trends .Marketing: Yep . CanI have your cable please ?Project Manager: I suppose that you can have this .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: Thanks . Okay so I was looking at trend-watching . Um unfortunately I wasn'tgiven too much information . I was given a brief executive summary , and then an update on some recentfashion trends that we might like to look at . And then I'll just tell you some personal preferences that Igot from that . Um okay the most important finding was that the fancy look-and-feel seems to be twiceas important to the users as the current functional look-and-feel design , which I think we've kind ofalready discussed before . Um the second most important finding was that the remote should betechnologically innovative . And again these are all things we've kind of already come up with on our own, but this just backs it up . And thirdly the remote would be easy to use . As far as fashion update , we'velearned that fruits and vegetables will be the most important theme for cloths , shoes and furniture.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: So that might be a bit of a challenge to incorporate thisinto our remote , but we can try . Um and also , as opposed to last year , this year the material isexpected to be spongy in feel . {vocalsound} Okay so from that um , as we've already said , we need tofocus on a fancy look-and-feel . Um I think we've already discovered that it's kind of hard to go away


User Interface: Hmm .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Good morning everybody.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Good morning . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}UserInterface: {vocalsound} Good morning .Marketing: Good morning .Project Manager: So , we are asked toto make uh uh a new remote control for television . And the characteristics of this new remote controlshould be original and trendy and of course user user friendly . So people can {gap} can use it withoutany any problem .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: I don't know .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Well , I think we should setthe the points to to drive the project and uhUser Interface: Mm . B did you send us an email about this?Project Manager: Uh , not yet ,User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: but if you want {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah , we we received an email about this uh ddesigns . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Do you want do you want me to send you a mail ?IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Ah it's Okay . {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound} Or {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Or you can put it in theshared folder .User Interface: Yeah , you see the email ? You {gap} email . The v very {disfmarker} no ,no the first one .Marketing: No , I didn't get it .User Interface: It's inside .Project Manager: Uh{disfmarker}Marketing: This one .User Interface: No , no .Marketing: No .User Interface: The third one .Oh , you didn't get anything .Marketing: No , {gap} .User Interface: It's strange . {vocalsound}{vocalsound} Mm . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} .User Interface: I got an email about the disabout the discussion . Yeah .Project Manager: You get email , {gap} . {vocalsound}User Interface: Idunno from who .Industrial Designer: Yeah , from the account manager .Marketing: {vocalsound}UserInterface: {vocalsound} From the account manager . You have received the same email , right?Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: I think it's for your guys to {vocalsound}how to design it all the aspects so you need that information .User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer:Yeah , I think so .User Interface: Yeah , so each of us has a role to do .Marketing: YeahProject Manager:SMarketing: {vocalsound} I think {gap} assign your uh roles .User Interface: In each{disfmarker}Project Manager: For each for each one .User Interface: We already have our role.Marketing: For each person , yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound} 'Kay , we can {disfmarker}ProjectManager: So there are {disfmarker} so we have three {disfmarker}User Interface: So there are threekinds of designs , that's all .Project Manager: f yeah . We have functional design , conceptual design , anddetail design .User Interface: Okay , alright . {vocalsound}Project Manager: So , who will be the theresponsible for the functional design ? Any any volunteer ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I think ouruh responsibilities will be assigned when we {disfmarker} in our mail we received from the accountmanager .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah , yeah .Industrial Designer: UhUser Interface: I'm doing theinterface .Project Manager: You are doing thIndustrial Designer: No , I'm doing the interface .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} .User Interface: Are you using the {disfmarker} you are doing thein {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah I I'm I'm {disfmarker} Well , maybe we have {disfmarker}okay so I {gap} industrial design . It was a little confusion about my uh {disfmarker}Project Manager:{vocalsound}User Interface: Ah {vocalsound} {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: but it's alright .ProjectManager: Okay , I'll for industrial design .User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: Yeah .ProjectManager: Okay . And and you {disfmarker} Norman ?User Interface: Mm ? Um working on i .{vocalsound} User interface . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: User .Project Manager: And {disfmarker}And {disfmarker}Marketing: Uh , I'm into marketing .Project Manager: {gap} doing the marketing.Marketing: {gap} yeah nothing much in the project .Project Manager: Nothing related here to the{disfmarker}Marketing: Marketing in this design .User Interface: Yes .Marketing: A design is basically forindustrial design and the user interface .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: You see thesecond mail ? Yeah , it's inside . Go down . Appendix .Marketing: Yeah , this is {gap} .User Interface: Seethere's a role for everybody .Marketing: Yeah , that's right ,User Interface: Even for the marketing


Postdoc A: OK .Grad G: How about channelProfessor C: Yeah , go ahead .Grad E: We 're recording .GradG: Alright .Professor C: Alright , and no crash .Postdoc A: Hmm .Grad E: I pre - crashed it .Professor C:Yeah .PhD F: Pre - crashed !PhD D: It never crashes on me .Grad E: I think it 's actually {disfmarker}PhDD: What is {disfmarker} what is that ?Grad E: it depends on if the temp files are there or not , that{disfmarker} at least that 's my current working hypothesis ,PhD D: Ah .Grad E: that I think whathappens is it tries to clear the temp files and if they 're too big , it crashes .PhD D: Ah .PhD B: When thepower went out the other day and I restarted it , it crashed the first time .Grad E: Oh , that 's right .PhDB: After the power outPhD D: So then there would be no temp files .Professor C: Yeah .PhD D: OK .{comment} Hmm .Grad E: Uh , no , it doesn't {disfmarker} it doesn't clear those necessarily ,PhD D: Ohwait {disfmarker} It {disfmarker} it doesn't clear them , OK .Grad E: so .Professor C: Hmm , noconnection .Grad E: It 's {disfmarker} i they 're called temp files , but they 're not actually in the tempdirectory they 're in the scratch , so . They 're not backed up , but they 're not erased either on powerfailure .PhD D: But that 's usually the meeting that I recorded , and it neve it doesn't crash on me .PhDB: Well this wasn't {disfmarker} Actually , this wasn't a before your meeting , this was , um , Tuesdayafternoon when , um , uh , Robert just wanted to do a little recording ,Grad E: Oh well .PhD D: Oh{disfmarker} Oh , right .PhD B: and the power had gone out earlier in the day .PhD D: OK . Huh , OK.Professor C: I don't know when would be a good excuse for it , but I just can't wait to be giving a talk tand {disfmarker} and {disfmarker} and use the example from last week with everybody t doing thedigits at once .Grad E: Yeah .Postdoc A: That was fun .Professor C: I 'd love to play somebody that.Postdoc A: That was fun .PhD D: It was quick .Professor C: It was . It was really efficient .PhD B: Talkabout a good noise shield . You know ? You wanted to pe keep people from listening in , you could likehave that playing outside the room . Nobody could listen in .Professor C: Yeah .PhD D: Well , I had thisidea we could make our whole meeting faster that way .Professor C: Yeah . Everybody give the reportsabout what they were doing at exactly the same time ,PhD D: And we 'll just all leave ,PhD B: And thenwe 'll {disfmarker} we 'll go back later and review the individual channels ,Professor C: yeah .PhD D: and{disfmarker}Grad E: Yep , and then everyone can listen to it later .PhD B: right ?Grad E: Yes . Absolutely.PhD B: If you wanna know what {disfmarker}Professor C: Actually isn't that what we have been doing?PhD D: Yeah .Grad E: It 's what it sounds like .PhD B: Practically , huh . With all the overlaps .PostdocA: Yeah .Professor C: What are we doing ?Grad E: I {disfmarker} Since I 've been gone all week , I didn'tsend out a reminder for an agenda , so .Professor C: Yeah , and I 'm just {disfmarker}Grad E: Do wehave anything to talk about or should we just read digits and go ?PhD B: I wouldn't mind hearing how theconference was .Professor C: What conference ?PhD D: Uh , I had one question about {disfmarker}GradE: Yeah , really . It 's all a blur .PhD D: Aren't the UW folks coming this weekend ?Grad E: Yep .PhD F: No. The next ,PhD D: Next weekend ?Grad E: Next weekend , week from {disfmarker}PhD F: right?Professor C: That is right . The next weekend .PhD D: Sorry , not {disfmarker} not {disfmarker} not thedays coming up , but {disfmarker}PhD F: It 's like the {disfmarker}Grad E: A week from Saturday .PhDD: Yeah ,Professor C: That 's when they 're coming .PhD D: within ten days .Professor C: That 's correct.PhD D: So , are we {disfmarker} do we have like an agenda or anything that we should be{disfmarker}Professor C: No , but that would be a good idea .PhD D: OK .Professor C: Why don't wewPhD F: So {disfmarker} so the deal is that I can , um , {vocalsound} uh , I can be available after , uh ,like ten thirty or something . I don't know how s how early you wanted to {disfmarker}Professor C: They're not even gonna be here until eleven or so .Grad E: That 's good .PhD F: Oh , OK . So{disfmarker}Professor C: Cuz they 're flying up that day .PhD D: Wait , this is on {disfmarker} onSunday ?Professor C: Saturday .PhD D: Or Saturday ?Professor C: Saturday .PhD F: Saturday .ProfessorC: S Saturday .PhD D: OK .Grad E: Well , yProfessor C: Yeah .PhD F: Mm - hmm .Grad E: Eurospeech isdue on Friday and then I 'm going down to San {disfmarker} uh , San Jose Friday night , so , if{disfmarker} you know , if we start nice and late Saturday that 's a good thing .Professor C: No , I mean, they 're flying up from {disfmarker} from {disfmarker}Grad E: Seattle .Professor C: down from Seattle


Professor C: OK . So uh , he 's not here ,PhD D: So .Professor C: so you get to {disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah, I will try to explain the thing that I did this {disfmarker} this week {disfmarker} during this week.Professor C: Yeah .PhD D: Well eh you know that I work {disfmarker} I begin to work with a new featureto detect voice - unvoice .PhD E: Mm - hmm .PhD D: What I trying two MLP to {disfmarker} to the{disfmarker} with this new feature and the fifteen feature uh from the eh bus base systemPhD E: The{disfmarker} the mel cepstrum ?PhD D: No , satly the mes the Mel Cepstrum , the new base system{disfmarker} the new base system .PhD E: Oh the {disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah , we {disfmarker}PhD E:OK , the Aurora system .PhD D: yeah the Aurora system with the new filter , VAD or something like that.PhD E: OK .PhD D: And I 'm trying two MLP , one one that only have t three output , voice , unvoice ,and silence ,Professor C: Mm - hmm .PhD D: and other one that have fifty - six output . The probabilitiesof the allophone . And I tried to do some experiment of recognition with that and only have result with{disfmarker} with the MLP with the three output . And I put together the fifteen features and the threeMLP output . And , well , the result are li a little bit better , but more or less similar .Professor C: Uh , I{disfmarker} I 'm {disfmarker} I 'm slightly confused .PhD E: Hmm .Professor C: What {disfmarker}what feeds the uh {disfmarker} the three - output net ?PhD D: Voice , unvoice , and siProfessor C: No no, what feeds it ? What features does it see ?PhD D: The feature {disfmarker} the input ? The inputs arethe fifteen {disfmarker} the fifteen uh bases feature .Professor C: Uh - huh .PhD D: the {disfmarker}with the new code . And the other three features are R , the variance of the difference between the twospectrum ,Professor C: Uh - huh .PhD D: the variance of the auto - correlation function , except the{disfmarker} the first point , because half the height value is R - zeroProfessor C: Mm - hmm . Mm -hmm . Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .PhD D: and also R - zero , the first coefficient of the auto - correlationfunction . That is like the energy with these three feature ,Professor C: Right .PhD D: also these threefeature .Professor C: You wouldn't do like R - one over R - zero or something like that ? I mean usuallyfor voiced - unvoiced you 'd do {disfmarker} yeah , you 'd do something {disfmarker} you 'd doenergyPhD D: Yeah .Professor C: but then you have something like spectral slope , which is you get like R- one ov over R - zero or something like that .PhD D: Uh yeah .PhD E: What are the R 's ?Professor C: Rcorrelations .PhD E: I 'm sorry I missed it .PhD D: No , R c No .PhD E: Oh .PhD D: Auto - correlation ? Yes, yes , the variance of the auto - correlation function that uses thatProfessor C: Ye - Well that 's thevariance , but if you just say " what is {disfmarker} " I mean , to first order , um yeah one of thedifferences between voiced , unvoiced and silence is energy . Another one is {disfmarker} but the otherone is the spectral shape .PhD D: Yeah , I I 'll {disfmarker} The spectral shape ,Professor C: Yeah , andso R - one over R - zero is what you typically use for that .PhD D: yeah . No , I don't use that{disfmarker} I can't use {disfmarker}Professor C: No , I 'm saying that 's what people us typically use.PhD D: Mmm .Professor C: See , because it {disfmarker} because this is {disfmarker} this is just like asingle number to tell you um " does the spectrum look like that or does it look like that " .PhD D: Mm -hmm .Grad A: Oh . R {disfmarker} R {disfmarker} R - zero .Professor C: Right ?PhD D: Mm - hmm.Professor C: So if it 's {disfmarker} if it 's um {disfmarker} if it 's low energy uh but the {disfmarker}but the spectrum looks like that or like that , it 's probably silence .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: Uhbut if it 's low energy and the spectrum looks like that , it 's probably unvoiced .PhD D: Yeah .Professor C:So if you just {disfmarker} if you just had to pick two features to determine voiced - unvoiced , you 'dpick something about the spectrum like uh R - one over R - zero , um and R - zeroPhD D: Mm - hmm ,OK .Professor C: or i i you know you 'd have some other energy measure and like in the old days peopledid like uh zero crossing counts .PhD D: Yeah , yeah .Professor C: Right . S SPhD D: Well , I can also thuse this .Professor C: Yeah . Um ,PhD D: Bec - because the result are a little bit better but we have in apoint that everything is more or less the similar {disfmarker} more or less similar .Professor C: Yeah .But umPhD D: It 's not quite better .Professor C: Right , but it seemed to me that what you were whatyou were getting at before was that there is something about the difference between the original signal orthe original FFT and with the filter which is what {disfmarker} and the variance was one take uh on it


Project Manager: Okay . Hi Team . Hope you had a good lunch .Marketing: {gap}Project Manager:{vocalsound} Okay we're back for the conceptual design meeting . Um let's get started . 'Kay , here isthe agenda for today's meeting . Um we're gonna open it and I'm gonna keep the minutes as ProjectManager . We're gonna have three presentations , one from each of you again . And then we are going tocome to decision on the remote control concepts and then we're gonna close it up . And we have fortyminutes again . 'Kay , and just to reiterate um after this meeting the team will reach a decision on theconcepts of the remote control . Okay . Let's go ahead and start off with your presentations . Who wouldlike to go first ?Industrial Designer: Just trying to move mine right now .Project Manager: Okay . UmCourtney would you mind starting us off ?Marketing: Yeah {gap} .Project Manager: Okay . Trendwatching ? 'Kay .Marketing: Yeah . Okay , so trend watching . Uh since we do put the fashion inelectronics , it is kind of important how our product looks . So I guess we can go ahead and go to thenext . So what they want . Right now customers want fancy versus functional . Um basically about fiftyeight percent of what they {disfmarker} like of the product that they want , describing like the{disfmarker} in order of how much they want , fifty eight per cent of the decision of what it should looklike , fancy versus functional , and then it has to also be technologically innovative , and yet easy to use .So the customer basically is confused . They don't know exactly what they want . They want us to tellthem . {gap}Industrial Designer: They want everything , but simply .Marketing: Yes . Exactly .IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound} Okay .Marketing: So we can go to next .Project Manager: Mm 'kay .Marketing:Okay . So in Milan and Paris recently the trends have been showing that clothing , shoes and furniture arebasically just covered with fruits and vegetable patterns .Project Manager: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}Marketing: So I don't know if we want to go with that um and also the spongyfeel is in in contrast to last year . I don't know really , I mean I guess the spongy could relate to thebuttons if we want toProject Manager: Mm . Mm .Marketing: rather than like a hard clicky button that youfind on like some mobiles and stuff , you'd want like a softer touch . I mean do you guys know what Imean .Project Manager: Right . Yes .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yeah thMarketing: Yeah . Um .But as for the fruits and vegetable patterns , I don't know if we really want to go with that , because it isjust a trend ,Project Manager: Right .Marketing: and our product we want to stay around for much longerthan just a few months ,Project Manager: Right . People don't buy a new remote every so often.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I I can {disfmarker}Marketing: because {disfmarker} Yeah . I meanthat could just be a Spring thing right now .Industrial Designer: I can address some of that issue , I think, with uh my presentation .Marketing: Okay . Awesome .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: Um so designpreferences , um we need easy to read like large buttons , clearly labelled so that , I mean 'cause wetalked about that being a problem . Um and then also buttons illuminating upon touch , you said that inyour design , with the bulb . Um and that could also tie in with the colour scheme . Uh we need the RealReaction logo and colour scheme obviously . That's one of our key goals , we wanna promote our product.User Interface: {gap}Marketing: And I was thinking about different types of designs and I came up withsomething . Actually right here . So what we could do is something like an old-fashioned telephone likethis , where we put the buttons around , like we'd put a big on-off button or something else in the middle, I mean it could be the arrows or whatever for channel up and down , and then put the numbers aroundin like an old-fashioned dial shape . 'Cause then it'll appeal to older generation and like said retro's cool .So it's classically retro .Project Manager: Hmm .Marketing: So I mean that's just an idea if you guys likeit .Project Manager: Very good . I like it . {vocalsound} Okay , ready for the next slide ?Marketing:{vocalsound} And , yep . And that's it . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Op mm 'kay .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound} Okay .Project Manager: Great . Great presentation . Ready ?User Interface: Okay hang on.Project Manager: 'Kay .User Interface: See if it's there . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Which one is it?User Interface: {vocalsound} I don't know . Hang on .Project Manager: {gap}User Interface: Interfaceconcepts , no ?Project Manager: Interface concepts new .User Interface: Either refresh it , or it sh{disfmarker}Project Manager: YUser Interface: Oh wait , maybe I didn't put it there . Hang on .Project


Marketing: {vocalsound} Hello . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap}Marketing: {vocalsound} Dang it.Project Manager: {vocalsound} And then you have to place your laptop exactly on the marked spot.Marketing: Alright .User Interface: {gap}Project Manager: It's important to place your laptop exactly onthe marked spot over here .User Interface: Okay . No , that's okay . Joost , your mouse .Marketing: What?User Interface: No mouse needed ?Marketing: I've got a touch-pad .User Interface: Mm .Marketing: Doyou know how how I can wake it up ?User Interface: A touch-pad ?Marketing: No , my laptop .UserInterface: Slap it .Marketing: {vocalsound} You with your brilliant ideas . I don't know if I can touch thepower button . Do you know how how I can wake it up ?User Interface: Is {disfmarker}Project Manager:No . Yeah . Try the power button .Marketing: Oh .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Come on ,move it .User Interface: Um {disfmarker}Marketing: Now , wake up , bitch .Project Manager: Huh .UserInterface: F_ five . F_ five {gap} .Industrial Designer: I've lost my screen . Uh {disfmarker}{vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah , so did I .User Interface: I don't .Marketing: I closed it . That wasn thatwasn't very smart , I guess .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing:Come on . Get back to me . Yes .Industrial Designer: Yes .User Interface: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: I closed the {disfmarker}Marketing: I closed it .User Interface: You've got your name .{vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah , my name is name .Marketing: No , I didn't restart it , I just closedit . Yes .User Interface: Hope it working .Marketing: Alright .Industrial Designer: No .User Interface:Never close your laptop .Project Manager: Yeah ? Everybody's ready ?User Interface: Yeah .Marketing:Great . Thanks .Project Manager: Great . Well , welcome to the kick-off meeting . I uh forgot to put myname over here , it's uh {vocalsound} it's Martin . Uh , so you all know .Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Well , this is the agenda for today . Well , the opening is what I'm doing right now .UserInterface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Uh , we gonna do some acquaintance acquaintance things . Uhgive some um examples of the tool training , project plan discussion and the closing . We have twentyfive minutes . Okay , the project aim is to design a new remote control .Marketing: Mm-hmm .ProjectManager: Uh , some of the {vocalsound} oje objectives are that is has to be original , trendy , anduser-friendly . So now we all know what ourUser Interface: Okay .Project Manager: goal is . Um , I{disfmarker} oh forget {disfmarker} I forget the whole acquaintance part , but we we all know eachother . We all know each other's names . Joost , Guido , Antek .User Interface: What is your name?Marketing: Yes .Industrial Designer: Yes . Antek .User Interface: Antek Ahmet . And Joost .{gap}Project Manager: Okay . I think we uh al already uh been through that part .User Interface: Okay .Yeah .Project Manager: Okay , it consists of uh three levels of design . Uh we begin with the functionaldesign , then we go to the conceptual design and the detailed design . Every uh level of design consists ofsome individual work , and we uh close it with a meeting . You all received an email with a example of ourexplanation of what uh the particular level of design uh means to the different uh functions , and uh youp you probably read that already , so I don't have to tell you about that .User Interface: Yes .Marketing:Yes .Project Manager: Okay , first we're gonna um uh gonna try some different things with the tools wehave over here , so you get acquainted with these uh um uh meeting tools . We have the smart-boards ,uh the thes those two boards . This is the presentation boards , wh which one I'm using right now . Youcan uh um {disfmarker} there's a document folder called um the sh {vocalsound} shared documentfolder . You can upload your uh documents to that folder and then you can open them over here , so youcan do your PowerPoint presentations on this screen . We also have the white-board . Uh , we're gonnaskip through thUser Interface: Can we see the white-board on our laptops ?Project Manager: No , no .Just on the on the screen over there .User Interface: No , I saw I saw the file , the smart-board thatX_B_K_ but {disfmarker}Project Manager: Oh , no . Probably is , but I don't know if the software is onthe laptop {gap} . Is is {disfmarker} if it's mainly a thing for in the meeting , so I don't think it's{disfmarker} I don't know if it's important .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: This an explanation ofthe smart-boards . There is a tool-bar over here . It's quite simple . You have the the pen function ,eraser function . It's like a very simple uh paint application . Uh , we {disfmarker} well , we use the same


User Interface: Oops .Project Manager: So , hello everyone . {vocalsound} We're here to have a kick-offmeeting for the design of a {disfmarker} f for the beginning of new project um {vocalsound} uh remotecontrol for the design for a new remote control {vocalsound} . I'm the Project Manager Christa Pavlovand {vocalsound} okay let's begin . {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound} So I'm first going to do an opening then we get used to one anothers and we speak aboutthis tool we're going to design and try to make a project plan , some discussion and then we talk of uhthe next meeting . So um we want to to do a new remote control . It has to be original , trendy and userfriendly .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um I think the important points we have to t talkabout are uh it's functional design , it's conceptual design , and desail detailed design . {gap} and forthat we're going um all to work individually and then have meeting during the whole day . Um , so{vocalsound} let's try the whiteboard {vocalsound} .Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Wow .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Um so any of you who want to go .User Interface: Yeah ,for favourite animals .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: It's gonna be not my favourite onebut the one I can draw .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface:{vocalsound} And it's gonna be {disfmarker} you'll try to guess .Marketing: Wow . {vocalsound}{vocalsound} Complex .Project Manager: Wow . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: Huh ? A cat .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: No .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: No . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: No . Darn . {vocalsound} Uh .Project Manager: A rabbit .User Interface: Yes ,that's a rabbit .Project Manager: {vocalsound} A rabbit .User Interface: That's my favourite one.Marketing: A what ?Industrial Designer: Rabbit .Marketing: A r a rabbit , oh oh yeah , where is the carrot? {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} That's it .Marketing: Okay{vocalsound} mm-hmm .Project Manager: You want to go ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing:I am not very good at uh {vocalsound} this kind of stuff .User Interface: Hmm . {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}Marketing: My favourite animal is {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} You waMarketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Wow .{vocalsound}Project Manager: A humanIndustrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Guess .ProjectManager: {vocalsound} ah .Marketing: {vocalsound} A human , yay . It's a very complex animal{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: No.Marketing: and um {disfmarker} yeah . Characteristics of this this animal is {vocalsound} dangerous .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Mm Ithink you're supposed to , yeah .Industrial Designer: Is the white {disfmarker} okay .Project Manager:Hmm .Industrial Designer: I guess you can {disfmarker} {vocalsound} {gap} . {vocalsound}ProjectManager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Wow . That's cobra .Marketing: Ah , a kind of uh snake ? Cobra?Industrial Designer: Yeah uh not really .Marketing: Exactly {vocalsound} . {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound} Small cobra . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: No , itjust {disfmarker} small cobra , yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Is that a worm ? Or {vocalsound}{disfmarker} {vocalsound}Marketing: Uh-huh . {vocalsound}User Interface: It's co c quite recognisable .{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}What about you uh {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Uh yeah Christa Pavlov {vocalsound}Mm .Marketing: Christa ? {vocalsound}User Interface: Christa {vocalsound} Christa .Industrial Designer:Chris . {vocalsound}Marketing: A fish . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Mm .User Interface: Hmm.Project Manager: Smiling fish {vocalsound} .Industrial Designer: Smile fish . {vocalsound}UserInterface: {vocalsound} Okay .Marketing: A smiling fish . {vocalsound} Mm-hmm .Project Manager:Mm-hmm .Marketing: So , w whiteboard is working ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah .{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Yeah . {vocalsound}Marketing: Good .{vocalsound} Next . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Next . Let's talk about money .User Interface: Just trtry to guess who is a User Interface Designer .Marketing: {vocalsound} Yeah , well .


User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: Okay , almost there .Project Manager: Okay . We'll sta I'll usethe PowerPoint , I guess . How was that , was that fun ?User Interface: Mm . Very fun .IndustrialDesigner: Yeah , yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay . Uh oh I've forgotten to mail you theminutes , but I will do .Industrial Designer: Okay .Marketing: Hmm .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Upsidaisy . {vocalsound} Um {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Um we {disfmarker}Marketing: E excuse me Iforgot myProject Manager: Yeah .Marketing: copy . {gap}Project Manager: Alright , okay , yeah.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: He's gonna get his pen .User Interface: Oh right .Okay .Project Manager: Um {vocalsound} Will you guys first with your prototype um before we get to thegood news ?Industrial Designer: Yeah , there's good news ?Project Manager: Uh {vocalsound}{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Oh .User Interface: Mm .Project Manager: we have budget problems.Industrial Designer: Oh . Cutbacks .Project Manager: I'm afraid you're all sacked . Oops .IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I don't even have this on . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:Hmm .Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Okay , have you got a presentation to make?Industrial Designer: Okay .Marketing: No , not mine yet .Project Manager: No . OkayIndustrial Designer:Oh .Project Manager: so it's just your your show .Industrial Designer: Um maybe we should bring {gap}so that the camera can see {gap} . Yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay . Sure.Industrial Designer: Okay .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: We made three for you.Project Manager: Three ? Oh .User Interface: Um one's based on the banana , one's based on thetomatoProject Manager: Tomato ? What tomato ? {vocalsound}User Interface: and the other one isstMarketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I don't recall a tomato .{vocalsound}User Interface: Look . Oh yeah , well yeah , we had v some red left over .Project Manager:Ah I see , okay . {vocalsound}User Interface: So . Okay , so this is the um non to non uh no buttons one, or as mm few buttons as possible ,Project Manager: Mm-hmm .User Interface: mainly speak recognition. The yellow there is the umProject Manager: Logo .User Interface: the slogan , yeah ,Project Manager:Okay , brilliant .User Interface: that we need to incorporate , it's very simple . If you do need buttons ,you can flip it over , and there's some there ,Project Manager: Okay .User Interface: um but mainly it'sspeech recognition .Project Manager: Okay , so the buttons would be like , you know individual users , or{disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah and {vocalsound} yeahthey might project things onto the screen which you can do on there .Project Manager: Alright , okay.User Interface: Mm I'm not sure about that . Um and this one is the one w more like the one w that welooked at earlier .Project Manager: Right .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah , you guys can have a lookat that if you want .Project Manager: That's groovy . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {gap}Marketing:Yeah . {vocalsound} Uh can I have {gap}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Well I like the feel of it , I likethe feel of it .User Interface: Yeah , sure . Um that one is {disfmarker}Marketing: Oh sorry s{vocalsound}User Interface: Oh no , it's delicate .Project Manager: At Oh dear .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: That's that's already got its stand that one . That'sit stand .Project Manager: Alright , okay .User Interface: It does also lie flat , but that's the that yellowstand there represents the the charging stand .Project Manager: Okay , brilliant mm .User Interface: Umthe black on the back is the slogan .Project Manager: Okay , nice and obvious there {vocalsound} ,UserInterface: Uh yeah , that {gap} {disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Well , we did thinkof that .Project Manager: if it's standing up , I guess , yeah .User Interface: Yeah , if it's standing up it'sit's on there , but also we're gonna have the company name on the front , which is the little black kind ofline in the middle .Project Manager: Oh right , okay , brilliant . Like that from its centre .User Interface:So um and that's the um transmit the L_E_D_ thing . These are the s two scroll ones which we thoughtcould be channel up and down and volume up and down . We n were weren't sure about putting themthere , because um i it's it kind of could get bashed .Project Manager: Where you're , yeah , uh wereyou're holding it kind of {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah . Well , if you hold it , you can {disfmarker}you all can hold it , is {disfmarker} it does actually feel quite ergonomic ,Project Manager: Mm-hmm


Professor A: We 're going ? OK . Sh - Close your door on {disfmarker} door on the way out ?Grad B: OK .Thanks .Professor A: Thanks .Grad B: Oh .Professor A: Yeah . Probably wanna get this other door , too .OK . So . Um . {vocalsound} {vocalsound} What are we talking about today ?PhD E: Uh , well , firstthere are perhaps these uh Meeting Recorder digits that we tested .Professor A: Oh , yeah . That waskind of uh interesting .PhD E: So .Professor A: The {disfmarker} both the uh {disfmarker} {vocalsound}the SRI System and the othPhD E: Um .Professor A: And for one thing that {disfmarker} that sure showsthe {vocalsound} difference between having a lot of uh training data {vocalsound} or not ,PhD E: Of data? Yeah .Professor A: uh , the uh {disfmarker} {vocalsound} The best kind of number we have on theEnglish uh {disfmarker} on near microphone only is {disfmarker} is uh three or four percent .PhD E: Mm- hmm .Professor A: And uh it 's significantly better than that , using fairly simple front - ends{vocalsound} on {disfmarker} {vocalsound} on the uh {disfmarker} {vocalsound} uh , with the SRIsystem .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: So I th I think that the uh {disfmarker} But that 's {disfmarker}that 's using uh a {disfmarker} a pretty huge amount of data , mostly not digits , of course , but{disfmarker} but then again {disfmarker} Well , yeah . In fact , mostly not digits for the actual trainingthe H M Ms whereas uh in this case we 're just using digits for training the H MPhD E: Yeah . Right.Professor A: Did anybody mention about whether the {disfmarker} the SRI system is a {disfmarker}{vocalsound} is {disfmarker} is doing the digits um the wor as a word model or as uh a sub s sub -phone states ?PhD E: I guess it 's {disfmarker} it 's uh allophone models ,Professor A: Yeah . Probably.PhD E: so , well {disfmarker}Professor A: Huh ?PhD E: Yeah . I think so , because it 's their very d huge, their huge system .Professor A: Yeah .PhD E: And . But . So . There is one difference {disfmarker} Well, the SRI system {disfmarker} the result for the SRI system that are represented here are withadaptation . So there is {disfmarker} It 's their complete system and {disfmarker} including on - line uhunsupervised adaptation .Professor A: That 's true .PhD E: And if you don't use adaptation , the error rateis around fifty percent worse , I think , if I remember .Professor A: OK .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: It 's thait 's that much , huh ?PhD E: Nnn . It 's {disfmarker} Yeah . It 's quite significant .Professor A: Oh . OK.PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: Still .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: But {disfmarker} but uh what{disfmarker} what I think I 'd be interested to do given that , is that we {disfmarker} we should uh{vocalsound} take {disfmarker} I guess that somebody 's gonna do this , right ? {disfmarker} is to takesome of these tandem things and feed it into the SRI system , right ?PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: Yeah.PhD E: We can do something like that .Professor A: Yeah . Because {disfmarker}PhD E: Yeah . But{disfmarker} But I guess the main point is the data because uh {vocalsound} I am not sure . Our back -end is {disfmarker} is fairly simple but until now , well , the attempts to improve it or {disfmarker} havefail Ah , well , I mean uh what Chuck tried to {disfmarker} to {disfmarker} to doProfessor A: Yeah , buthe 's doing it with the same data , right ? I mean so to {disfmarker} {vocalsound} So there 's{disfmarker} there 's {disfmarker} there 's two things being affected .PhD E: Yeah . So it 's {disfmarker}Yeah .Professor A: I mean . One is that {disfmarker} that , you know , there 's something simple that 'swrong with the back - end . We 've been playing a number of statesPhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: uh I{disfmarker} I don't know if he got to the point of playing with the uh number of Gaussians yetPhD E:Mm - hmm .Professor A: but {disfmarker} but uh , uh , you know . But , yeah , so far he hadn't gottenany big improvement ,PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: but that 's all with the same amount of data whichis pretty small .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: And um .PhD E: Mmm . So , yeah , we could retrain some ofthese tandem on {disfmarker} on huge {disfmarker}Professor A: Well , you could do that , but I 'msaying even with it not {disfmarker} with that part not retrained , just {disfmarker} just using{disfmarker} having the H M Ms {disfmarker} much better H MPhD E: Ah , yeah . Just {disfmarker} f forthe HMM models .Professor A: Yeah .PhD E: Yeah . Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .Professor A: Um .{vocalsound} But just train those H M Ms using different features , the features coming from our Aurorastuff .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: So .PhD E: Yeah . But {vocalsound} what would be interesting to seealso is what {disfmarker} what {disfmarker} perhaps it 's not related , the amount of data but the um


User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Mm uh .Marketing:{vocalsound} {gap} We're the first .User Interface: Mm . We're the first ones . {vocalsound}Marketing:Marketing Expert , yes .Project Manager: Mm .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: So you foundyour spots .Marketing: Yes .User Interface: {vocalsound} Move to the meeting room .{vocalsound}Marketing: Bling bling . {vocalsound} Yeah .User Interface: Okay .Marketing: Right .{vocalsound}Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: Uh {vocalsound} where has my screen gone ?IndustrialDesigner: Hi .User Interface: Hello , good day . {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: Oh yeah , we have to talk in English ,Marketing: Hmm .Industrial Designer: huh .UserInterface: Yep .Marketing: Yeah . My screen is gone .Project Manager: It's called black .{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} Oh .User Interface: Kick-off meeting , wow . It's uh looks uh nice.Industrial Designer: I'm afraid I'm a bit slow for this stuff uh .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay .UserInterface: Hmm ?Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: I'm afraid I'm a bit too slow .{vocalsound} I don't know how much preparation you guys did ,User Interface: Yeah .IndustrialDesigner: but not a lot .Marketing: Yeah .User Interface: No , it's {disfmarker} it was uh not enough.Project Manager: You see this beautiful presentation .Marketing: Yeah . Very nice .Project Manager:Okay let's get started .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Uh I sort of prepared this .User Interface:{vocalsound}Project Manager: Uh opening acquaintance , tool training , uh how to use the things here .Uh project plan discussion , and yeah then the rest of the meeting .Marketing: Mm .Industrial Designer:Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Um we're supposed to develop a new remote control , that's both original ,trendy and user-friendly . So ,Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Project Manager: hope you havegood ideas . I don't . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} I did my best .Project Manager: Umwe're work we're working uh from top to bottom . Uh functional design ,Industrial Designer: Not yet.Project Manager: then we do some in individual work , then we have a meeting to discuss the results ,etcetera etcetera . And at the end of the day we should have a prototype drawn up . Uh we haveavailable the smart board and the whiteboard . Um uh we should take some practice . I have someinstructions now to do that .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Uh well you know how to {disfmarker}the documents work . So {disfmarker} Uh this for toolbar . You see it next . Um we have a pen . And wecan use this pen to perform . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Yes .Industrial Designer: Operations .Project Manager: So {disfmarker}User Interface:{vocalsound}Project Manager: It doesn't always work . Yes .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay soyou can draw .Marketing: Draw . Alright .Project Manager: Okay and in the format menu you can selectcolour and line width , etcetera etcetera . Okay ?Marketing: 'Kay .Project Manager: Uh {disfmarker}Okay . Each of you can uh take some practice and you should draw an animal . Uh you should explain{disfmarker} Uh with different colours and with different pen widths .User Interface:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: And you should explain why you drawthat particular animal .User Interface: {vocalsound} Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound} Don't take up toomuch space . {vocalsound}Project Manager: So , Julian .User Interface: Um yeah .Industrial Designer:Different pen widths , how do you do that ?User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Uh with theformat menu .Industrial Designer: Oh okay .Project Manager: And use different colours etcetera .UserInterface: {vocalsound} It's a giraffe . Yeah .Project Manager: And {vocalsound} what's that supposed tobe ? {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Are you serious ?Marketing: {vocalsound} Should it be one{disfmarker}Project Manager: Oh yeah . {vocalsound} Oh yeahUser Interface: {vocalsound} Okay.Project Manager: four legs . Uh-huh . {vocalsound}Marketing: Giraffe's yellow . {vocalsound}UserInterface: Uh it needs some uh some yellow uh {disfmarker} Oh format .Marketing: Can you use oneblank sheet per drawing ? OrProject Manager: Yeah .Marketing: so y you must save it at the endProjectManager: YeahMarketing: and then {disfmarker}Project Manager: you can press the next button , whichis uh {disfmarker} yeah . I'll show you .User Interface: That's some spots .Industrial Designer: I in thefile option menu .Project Manager: Yeah . In file menu .Marketing: Okay ,User Interface: No .Marketing:


Lynne Neagle AM: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to the Children, Young People and EducationCommittee. We've received no apologies, although Dawn Bowden is running late. I'll take this opportunityto welcome Dawn formally to the committee but also to place on record our thanks to John Griffiths forhis service to the committee. Are there any declarations of interest, please? No. Okay. Item 2, then, thismorning is a scrutiny session with a focus on higher and further education. I'm very pleased to welcomeKirsty Williams, Cabinet Secretary for Education, Eluned Morgan, Minister for Welsh Language andLifelong Learning, and Huw Morris, who is the group director of skills, higher education and lifelonglearning. Thank you all for your attendance this morning. If you're okay with it, we'll go straight intoquestions. The first questions are from Suzy Davies.Suzy Davies AM: Thank you, Chair. If we can juststart with teacher training and teacher training for secondary school teachers in particular, obviouslythere's been what looks like a trend in recent years in filling the places for secondary school training.Obviously, this is at Welsh teacher training centres. Do you think there's still a problem recruitingteachers into the 300 priority places, or is there a trend where things are getting better?Kirsty WilliamsAM: Thank you, Suzy. I think, for this year's intake, although we're in touch with our providers, we're notin a position to be able to give figures for this year's intake for a couple of months. But what we haveseen over recent years is that we are only recruiting to about 65 per cent of those targets. So, there isstill a job of work to do to understand and to respond to those needs. So, what we're doing is first of allmaking sure that our ITE provision is world class, so that, actually, Welsh centres are the place to go totrain to be a teacher. You'll be aware that we've recently been through an accreditation process for newITE provision that will start in the next academic year. We have looked at financial incentives. It's not thewhole answer, I think, to these issues, but it's part of a mixture of things that we need to do. You'll beaware that, for priority subjects, with graduates with the very highest levels of qualifications, thosefinancial incentives are now £20,000 a year. We're also embarking on our first ever national ITErecruitment marketing exercise. We have initially done some work in the last year specifically targetingWelsh students in studying for priority subject degrees, e-mailing them, sending them materials to askthem to consider (1) becoming a teacher, and (2) crucially coming to do that training here in Wales. Weare now part of a full national programme of ITE recruitment, giving people that idea that you can serveyour nation and your community by training to be a teacher. So, there's a whole package of things weneed to do. In January of this year I set up an advisory board on the recruitment and retention ofteaching staff, and we are awaiting some reports from that advisory group on what they feel that weshould do next.Suzy Davies AM: Thank you for that answer. I can see there's a lot of activity, but whatexactly is it responding to? Presumably, some research has been done about why people don't want tobecome teachers so that the answers you come up with are appropriate answers. I can't believe it's justabout ITE, although this is very valuable, what you're talking about. Is there something that's runningthrough our younger learners at the moment that makes them think that teaching isn't a profession theywant to go into? Is that something that's happening just in Wales or is it happening elsewhere aswell?Kirsty Williams AM: No. I think what you will find is that this isn't a uniquely Welsh issue. I thinkthey are suffering quite acute problems across the border, which proves to me that money isn'tnecessarily the entire answer, because, despite higher financial incentives to join ITE courses, they're notable to do that in England either. So, that proves to me—what the research does show—that it's notmoney alone that will get people onto these courses. Interestingly, I don't even think it's a UK problem.Recently, as you'll be aware via my written statement, I attended the Atlantic Rim Collaboratory, which isa system-to-system conference. If you talk to education systems in different parts of the world, the onecommon factor that we are all grappling with is teacher recruitment and retention. In the USA, they haveseen a 40 per cent drop in the number of students training to be teachers. So, in the Californian system,significant teacher shortages, and in Oregon, Washington. I met with New York state—significant teacherrecruitment and retention problems in New York state, and in Finland, Australia. So, this is a commonissue across the globe, really. That's why we set up the advisory group under the chairmanship of


Project Manager: {vocalsound} Good to see you all again . Let's see if that comes up . This is ourfunctional design meeting . Um . Just a sec while my PowerPoint comes up . Et voila . Okay . Mm um weput the fashion in electronics . Let's start . Okay , our agenda today um {disfmarker} just check the time, it's twelve thirteen . Um . I'm gonna do an opening , talk about um {disfmarker} did you all get theminutes ? I e-mailed them to you . I'm also putting 'em {disfmarker} them in the shared folder .UserInterface: Yep .Project Manager: So um then I {disfmarker} we'll talk about our generalobjectivesIndustrial Designer: Right .Project Manager: and have your three presentations . Um I'll talkabout the new project requirements I've just received , and then we have to make a decision on ourremote control functions . Finally we'll just close . We're starting this meeting at approximately twelvethirteen and we have forty minutes . So {disfmarker} First of all the functional design objectives . Uh weneed to keep in mind the user requirement specification , what needs and desires are to be fulfilled , the{gap} functions design , what effects the apparatus should have , and the working design , how theapparatus actually works to fulfil its function . Okay , three presentations , um you can go in any orderyou choose um .Marketing: {gap} Mm shall we go in the order that you just did it ?Project Manager: Sure, please do .Marketing: I dunno . How do I hook my screen up ?Industrial Designer: I think , you mighthave to disconnect Rose .Project Manager: Yes I do . Yeah .User Interface: Well there's a wee a wee plugjust just that one thereMarketing: Where does it go ? Mm-hmm . Hmm , I'm not supposed to move this,User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: but {disfmarker}User Interface: Ah that's it , yep .Marketing:{gap}User Interface: And then you have to press function F_ eightProject Manager: Function , F_ eight ,yeah .User Interface: I think it is on your laptop .Project Manager: The blue one , F_N_ .Marketing:Where's function ? No signal .Project Manager: Is it plugged in all the way and you screwed it in and{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: Ah , wait , 's screw in .Industrial Designer: I I thinkyou just have to push it in really hard .Marketing: Push the screw .User Interface: That's it .IndustrialDesigner: Oh , got it .Project Manager: Mm 'kay .Marketing: Mm alrightProject Manager: It's taking it alittle bit {disfmarker}Marketing: I've never attached to anything .Industrial Designer: Mm , neither haveI .Project Manager: 'Kay there you go .Marketing: Alright , so ,Industrial Designer: Alright .Marketing: Idon't know if you guys are able to get access to um the report that was online or if I'm the only one whois . But , I don't even know how to play this . No .Project Manager: Press the little presentation . It's theum {disfmarker} it looks like a Y_ kind of {disfmarker} over there above Draw . There , that one , thereyou go .Marketing: Alright . So we're just gonna talk a little bit about the functional requirements thatpeople specified when they were asked . Um I guess Real Reaction did some market research . They hada hundred subjects and their usability lab and they watched them watch T_V_ and recorded thefrequency that they used particular buttons and the relevance that those buttons had . What they foundwas they analysed people's desires and needs . Focusing on their desires , um people specifically saidthat they thought remotes were ugly {vocalsound} , seventy five per cent of the a hundred subjectsnoted that and that they {disfmarker} more importantly though , eighty per cent said that they would bewilling to pay more for a fancier looking remote . I don't know anything beyond what fancy means,Industrial Designer: Hmm .Marketing: but that's particularly of use to us , I think . Um also they didsome questions on voice recognition and found that the desire for voice recognition was inversely relatedto age , so younger people were more inclined to want something with voice recognition , whereas theolder people in the like sixty and above segment or so did not really think that they would pay moremoney for voice recognitions .Industrial Designer: 'Kay .Marketing: Um people also had certainfrustrations , that I think that we could try to take into consideration with our design . That being peoplek um frustrated with losing their remotes . I think , over fifty percent of the people mentioned that thatwas their biggest frustration . People are also frustrated with the difficulty it is to learn how to use aremote and I think that ties back to what you were saying beforeIndustrial Designer: Hmm .Marketing:just that there's too many buttons , it just needs to be easy to use . It also mentioned something calledR_S_I_ and I was hoping someone might be able to inform me as to what R_S_I_ is ,User Interface:


Professor B: Are we on ? We 're on . OK .PhD E: Is it on ?PhD D: Yeah .Professor B: Yeah . OK ,PhD D:One , two {disfmarker} u OK .PhD A: Why is it so cold in here ?Professor B: so , uh , we haven't sentaround the agenda . So , i uh , any agenda items anybody has , wants to talk about , what 's going on?Postdoc G: I c I could talk about the meeting .Grad H: Does everyone {disfmarker} has everyone metDon ?Postdoc G: Yeah .Professor B: It 's on ?PhD C: Now , yeah .PhD D: Yeah .Grad H: Yeah ? OK .PhDD: Yeah .Grad F: Hello .Professor B: OK , agenda item one ,PhD D: We went {disfmarker}Grad F: Yeah.Professor B: introduce Don . OK , we did that . Uh {disfmarker}PhD A: Well , I had a {disfmarker} just aquick question but I know there was discussion of it at a previous meeting that I missed , but just aboutthe {disfmarker} the wish list item of getting good quality close - talking mikes on every speaker.Professor B: OK , so let 's {disfmarker} let 's {disfmarker} So let 's just do agenda {pause} buildingright now . OK , so let 's talk about that a bit .PhD A: I mean , that was {disfmarker}Professor B: Uh , @@ tuss close talking mikes , better quality . OK , {vocalsound} uh , we can talk about that . You weregonna {disfmarker} starting to say something ?Postdoc G: Well , you {disfmarker} you , um , alreadyknow about the meeting {comment} that 's coming up and I don't know if {disfmarker} if this isappropriate for this . I don't know . I mean , maybe {disfmarker} maybe it 's something we shouldhandle outside of the meeting .Professor B: No , no , that 's OK .PhD E: What meeting ?Professor B: Wecan {disfmarker} so {disfmarker} we can ta so n NIST is {disfmarker} NIST folks are coming by nextweekPostdoc G: OK .Professor B: and so we can talk about that .Postdoc G: Yeah .Professor B: I thinkPhDE: Who 's coming ?Professor B: Uh , uh , John FiscusPostdoc G: Mm - hmm .Professor B: and , uh , Ithink George Doddington will be around as well . Uh , OK , so we can talk about that . Uh , I guess justhear about how things are going with , uh , uh , the transcriptions . That 's right .Postdoc G: Sure . Mm -hmm .Professor B: That would sorta be an obvious thing to discuss . Um , An - anything else , uh , strikeanybody ?PhD A: Uh , we started {pause} running recognition on {pause} one conversation but it 's the r{pause} isn't working yet . So , But if anyone has {disfmarker}Professor B: OK .PhD E: WhaPhD A: uh ,the main thing would be if anyone has , um , knowledge about ways to , uh , post - process the waveforms that would give us better recognition , that would be helpful to know about .Professor B: Um ,GradH: Dome yeah , it sounds like a topic of conversation .Professor B: Yeah , so , uh {disfmarker}PhD E:What about , uh , is there anything new with the speech , nonspeech stuff ?PhD C: Yeah , we 're workingmore on it but , {vocalsound} it 's not finished .Professor B: OK . Alright , that seems like a {disfmarker}a good collection of things . And we 'll undoubtedly think of {pause} other things .Postdoc G: I hadthought under my topic that I would mention the , uh , four items that I {disfmarker} I , uh , put out forbeing on the agenda f on that meeting , which includes like the pre - segmentation and the {disfmarker}and the developments in multitrans .Professor B: Oh , under the NIST meeting .Postdoc G: Yeah , underthe NIST thing .Professor B: OK .Postdoc G: Yeah .Professor B: Alright , why don't we start off with this ,u u I guess the order we brought them up seems fine .Postdoc G: Yeah .Professor B: Um , so , betterquality close talking mikes . So the one issue was that the {disfmarker} the , uh , lapel mike , uh , isn'tas good as you would like . And so , uh , it {disfmarker} it 'd be better if we had close talking mikes foreverybody . Right ?PhD A: Ri - um ,Professor B: Is that {disfmarker} is that basically the point ?PhD A:yeah , the {disfmarker} And actually in addition to that , that the {disfmarker} the close talking mikesare worn in such a way as to best capture the signal . And the reason here is just that for the peopledoing work not on microphones but on sort of like dialogue and so forth , uh {disfmarker} or and even onprosody , which Don is gonna be working on soon , it adds this extra , you know , vari variable for eachspeaker to {disfmarker} to deal with when the microphones aren't similar .Professor B: Mm - hmm .GradH: Right .PhD A: So {disfmarker} And I also talked to Mari this morning and she also had a strongpreference for doing that . And in fact she said that that 's useful for them to know in starting to collecttheir data too .Professor B: Mm - hmm . Right , so one thGrad H: Well , so {disfmarker}Professor B: uh ,well one thing I was gonna say was that , um , i we could get more , uh , of the head mountedmicrophones even beyond the number of radio channels we have because I think whether it 's radio or


PhD A: OK , we 're on .Professor C: OK , what are we talking about today ?PhD B: I don't know . Do youhave news from the conference talk ? Uh , that was programmed for yesterday {disfmarker} I guess.Professor C: Uh {disfmarker}PhD D: YesterdayProfessor C: Uh {disfmarker}PhD D: Yesterday morningon video conference .Professor C: Uh ,PhD B: WellProfessor C: oh , I 'm sorry .Grad E: Oh . Conferencecall .Professor C: I know {disfmarker} now I know what you 're talking about . No , nobody 's told meanything .PhD B: Alright .PhD A: Oh , this was the , uh , talk where they were supposed to try to decide{disfmarker}PhD B: To {disfmarker} to decide what to do ,PhD A: Ah , right .PhD B: yeah .PhD D: Yeah.Professor C: Yeah . No , that would have been a good thing to find out before this meeting , that 's . No ,I have no {disfmarker} I have no idea . Um , Uh , so I mean , let 's {disfmarker} let 's assume for rightnow that we 're just kind of plugging on ahead ,PhD B: Yeah .Professor C: because even if they tell usthat , uh , the rules are different , uh , we 're still interested in doing what we 're doing . So what are youdoing ?PhD B: Mm - hmm . Uh , well , we 've {disfmarker} a little bit worked on trying to see , uh , whatwere the bugs and the problem with the latencies .PhD D: To improve {disfmarker}PhD B: So , We took{disfmarker} first we took the LDA filters and , {vocalsound} uh , we designed new filters , using uhrecursive filters actually .Professor C: So when you say " we " , is that something Sunil is doing or is that{disfmarker} ?PhD B: I 'm sorry ?Professor C: Who is doing that ?PhD B: Uh , us . Yeah .Professor C: Oh, oh . Oh , OK .PhD B: So we took the filters {disfmarker} the FIR filters {vocalsound} and we{comment} designed , uh , IIR filters that have the same frequency response .PhD D: But{disfmarker}Professor C: Mm - hmm .PhD B: Well , similar , but that have shorter delays .Professor C:Mm - hmm .PhD B: So they had two filters , one for the low frequency bands and another for the highfrequency bands . And so we redesigned two filters . And the low frequency band has sixty - fourmilliseconds of delay , and the high frequency band filter has something like eleven millisecondscompared to the two hundred milliseconds of the IIR filters . But it 's not yet test . So we have the filtersbut we still have to implement a routine that does recursive filteringProfessor C: OK .PhD B: and{disfmarker}Professor C: You {disfmarker} you had a discussion with Sunil about this though ?PhD B: No. No .Professor C: Uh - huh . Yeah , you should talk with him .PhD B: Yeah , yeah .Professor C: Yeah . No, I mean , because the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the whole problem thathappened before was coordination ,PhD B: Mm - hmm .Professor C: right ? So {disfmarker} so you needto discuss with him what we 're doing ,PhD B: Yeah .Professor C: uh , cuz they could be doing the samething and {disfmarker} or something .PhD B: Mm - hmm . Uh , I {disfmarker} yeah , I don't know if ththat 's what they were trying to {disfmarker} They were trying to do something different like taking , uh{disfmarker} well , using filter that takes only a pastProfessor C: Right .PhD B: and this is just a little bitdifferent . But I will I will send him an email and tell him exactly what we are doing , so .Professor C:Yeah , yeah . Um ,PhD B: Um ,Professor C: I mean {disfmarker} We just {disfmarker} we just have to bein contact more . I think that {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the fact that we {disfmarker} we did thatwith {disfmarker} had that thing with the latencies was indicative of the fact that there wasn't enoughcommunication .PhD B: Mm - hmm .Professor C: So .PhD B: Alright .Professor C: OK .PhD B: Um , Yeah .Well , there is w one , um , remark about these filters , that they don't have a linear phase . So ,ProfessorC: Right .PhD B: Well , I don't know , perhaps it {disfmarker} perhaps it doesn't hurt because the phaseis almost linear but . Um , and so , yeah , for the delay I gave you here , it 's {disfmarker} it 's , uh ,computed on the five hertz modulation frequency , which is the {disfmarker} mmm , well , the mostimportant for speech so . Uh , this is the first thing .Professor C: So that would be , uh , a reduction of ahundred and thirty - six milliseconds ,PhD D: The low f fPhD B: Yeah .Professor C: which , uh{disfmarker} What was the total we ended up with through the whole system ?PhD B: Three hundred andthirty .Professor C: So that would be within {disfmarker} ?PhD B: Yeah , but there are other pointsactually , uh , which will perhaps add some more delay . Is that some other {disfmarker} other stuff inthe process were perhaps not very {disfmarker} um perf well , not very correct , like the downsamplingwhich w was simply dropping frames .Professor C: Yeah .PhD B: Um , so we will try also to add a nice


Project Manager: Think we can first {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Mm .User Interface: Right it wasfunction F_ eight or something .Industrial Designer: ThaUser Interface: This one right there .IndustrialDesigner: Okay .User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: Who is gonna do a PowerPoint presentation?User Interface: Think we all {gap} {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: You will as well ?User Interface:Huh . Oh I thought we all were .Industrial Designer: Okay .User Interface: Yeah , I have one too , okay.Project Manager: {gap} .User Interface: SIndustrial Designer: Yep .Marketing: {gap} .User Interface:Whoops I forgot to put the thing on {vocalsound} {disfmarker}Project Manager: Right . I just wanna{disfmarker} 'cause basically I can't re I've {disfmarker} really crap at remembering everyone's name soI just wanna {disfmarker} rather than going uh Miss Marketing and Miss this and Miss that {vocalsound}wanted to know your names again .User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: Okay I'm{disfmarker}Project Manager: {gap} just gonna leave this up here 'cause I'll {vocalsound} you know .So {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Okay .User Interface: Yeah . Sure , that's a good idea .IndustrialDesigner: I'm Catherine with a C_ . C_A_T_H_ E_R_ I_N_E_ .Project Manager: Okay , andUser Interface:Uh Gabriel .Project Manager: Gabriel . E_L_ is it ?User Interface: E_L_ .Project Manager: 'Kay . Andyou're s r R_E_I_S_S_ {vocalsound} {gap}Marketing: I am Reissa . R_E_I_S_S_A_ . Double S_ A_ ,yeah {vocalsound} yeah . Sorry .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: 'Sjust a bit nicer calling people by their names I think .Industrial Designer: Right .User Interface:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: True .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Uh , right .Marketing: Mm 'kay.Project Manager: Okay , right , welcome to meeting B_ . Um this is gonna go a lot better than the lastmeeting , basically ,Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: uh'cause I know what I'm supposed to be doing now .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} I am your Project Manager , and , uh yeah , I'm just heretoIndustrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} sort of liaise between the three of you andget things going , get people talking and and I'm gonna be making notes and sending them off to thepowers that be and stuff basically . Um right , this {disfmarker} for the purposes of this meeting{disfmarker} what this meeting is all about is um I'm gonna have some presentations from all three ofyou , what you've been working on for the last wee while , when you haven't been getting hit with spamon your computers and and , you know , filling out silly questionnaires and things .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: But hopefully you've been {disfmarker} actuallybeen doing something productive . So we're gonna {disfmarker} each of you gonna give us a litt a littlepresentation . {vocalsound} Um .Marketing: Mm .Project Manager: Then we're gonna {vocalsound} work, you know , from each of your presentations . We'll we'll uh talk about what we actually need as a finalcoming together of it all . Um and then we'll , yeah , we'll {gap} sort of conclude {gap} anything elsecomes up at the end of it .Industrial Designer: How long is the meeting ?Project Manager: This meetingit's not very long . It's uh probably down to about thirty five minutes now . So I want each of yourpresentations to not be too long , five five minutes , something like that .Industrial Designer: Okay .{vocalsound} No problem . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um if you haven't done a PowerPoint thingy ,it doesn't matter , it it just it just says that you {disfmarker} it's {disfmarker} that's just one particularmedium . If you haven't had time to prepare one , you can draw stuff on the noteboard , you can talk tous , you can {disfmarker} you know however you want to do your little presentation , basically , you can. Don't feel pressurised into using this thing . 'Cause I don't .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: {vocalsound} Uh okay . So um . You okay over there ? Reissa ,Marketing: I'm fine . Yeah.Project Manager: are you uh b are you joining in with this meeting hereMarketing: I uh yeah , yeah.Project Manager: or are y or are y or are you are you just are you just uh doing some Internet shoppingthere ? {vocalsound}User Interface: Think she's finishing up her presentation .Marketing: D I mean , II'm finishing off my presentation .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: No no . {vocalsound} UhI'm done . Okay .Project Manager: Okay , jolly good . Alright , let's have um {disfmarker} well , we allknow that it's it's a remote control that we're gonna be dealing with .Marketing: Mm .Project Manager: I


Grad B: Sorry . Mental {disfmarker} mental Palm Pilot . Right . Hence {pause} no problem .Grad F: Let 'ssee . So . What ? I 'm supposed to be on channel five ? Her . Nope . Doesn't seem to be ,Grad B: Hello{pause} I 'm channel one .Grad F: yeah .Grad D: Grad E: What does your thing say on the back ?Grad D:Testing .Grad F: Nnn , five . Alright , I 'm five .Grad D: Sibilance . Sibilance . {comment} {pause} Three ,three . I am three .Grad B: Eh .Grad D: See , that matches the seat up there . So .Grad F: Yeah , well , Ig guess {pause} it 's coming up then , or {disfmarker}Grad D: Cuz it 's {disfmarker} That startscounting from zero and these start counting from one . Ergo , the classic off - by - one error .Grad B: Butmine is correct .Grad D: Is it ?Grad E: No .Grad B: It 's one . Channel one .Grad D: Your mike {pause}number {pause} is what we 're tGrad E: Look at the back .Grad B: Oh , oh , oh ! Oh .Grad D: Ho !GradB: So {disfmarker}Grad D: I 've bested you again , Nancy .Grad B: But your p No , but the paper 'scorrect .Grad D: The paper is correct .Grad B: Look at the paper .Grad D: I didn't det I was saying themicrophone , not the paper .Professor C: Nnn ,Grad B: Oh .Professor C: it 's nGrad B: OK .Professor C: It's always offset . Yeah .Grad B: Yes , you 've bested me again . That 's how I think of our continuinginteraction . Damn ! Foiled again !Grad D: So is Keith showing up ? He 's talking with George right now .Uh , is he gonna get a rip {disfmarker} uh {disfmarker} rip himself away from {disfmarker} from that?Grad B: He 'll probably come later .Professor C: What {disfmarker} He - he he 's probably not , is myguess .Grad D: Oh , then it 's just gonna be the five of us ?Professor C: Yeah .Grad E: Well , he{disfmarker} he was very affirmative in his way of saying he will be here at four . But {pause} you know, that was before he knew about that George lecture probably .Professor C: Right . This {disfmarker} thisis not {disfmarker} It 's not bad for the project if Keith is talking to George . OK . So my suggestion is wejustGrad B: Forge ahead .Professor C: Forge ahead , yeah .Grad E: Cool .Grad B: Are you in charge ?GradE: Sure . Um . Well , I sort of had informal talks with most of you . So , Eva just reported she 's reallyhappy about the {pause} CBT 's being in the same order in the XML as in the um {disfmarker} be Javadeclaration formatGrad F: Yeah . The eGrad E: so you don't have to do too much in the style sheettransversion .Grad F: Uh , yeah . Yeah , so .Grad E: The {disfmarker} uh , Java {disfmarker} theembedded Bayes {pause} wants to take input {disfmarker} uh , uh , a Bayes - net {disfmarker} in{disfmarker} in some Java notation and Eva is using the Xalan style sheet processor to convert the XMLthat 's output by the Java Bayes for the {disfmarker} into the , uh , E Bayes input .Grad D: Mmm .GradF: Actually , maybe I could try , like , emailing the guy and see if he has any something already.Professor C: Sure .Grad E: Hmm .Grad F: That 'd be weird , that he has both the Java Bayes and theembedded Bayes in {disfmarker}Grad D: But that 's some sort of conversion program ?Grad F: Yeah .Yeah . And put them into different {pause} formats . Oh {disfmarker}Grad D: I think you should demandthings from him .Grad F: Yep , he could do that , too .Professor C: He charges so much . Right .Grad D:Yeah .Professor C: No , I think it 's a good idea that you may as well ask . Sure .Grad F: Yeah .Grad E:And , um , well {pause} pretty mu pretty much on t on the top of my list , I would have asked Keith howthe " where is X ? " {pause} hand parse is standing . Um . {pause} But we 'll skip that . Uh , there 'sgood news from Johno . The generation templates are done .Grad D: So the trees {pause} for{disfmarker} the XML trees for the {disfmarker} for the gene for the synthesizer are written . So I justneed to {pause} do the , uh {disfmarker} write a new set of {pause} tree combining rules . But I thinkthose 'll be pretty similar to the old ones . So . Just gonna be {disfmarker} you know{disfmarker}Professor C: Oh ! You were gonna send me a note about hiring {disfmarker}Grad E: Yes.Professor C: I didn't finish the sentence but he understood it .Grad D: I know what he 's talking about.Professor C: OK . But Nancy doesn't .Grad B: Hiring somebody .Grad E: We {disfmarker} w um{disfmarker}Grad D: The guy .Grad E: OK , so {pause} natural language generation {pause} producesnot a {disfmarker} just a surface string that is fed into a text - to - speech but , a {pause} surface stringwith a syntax tree that 's fed into a concept - to - speech .Professor C: No .Grad B: Yeah . Mm - hmm .Better .Grad E: Now and this concept - to - speech module has {pause} certain rules on how {pause} ifyou get the following syntactic structure , how to map this onto prosodic rules .Grad B: Mm - hmm . Sure


Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay ? Good afternoon . Hope you have good lunch .User Interface: Hi.Industrial Designer: Afternoon . Yeah , we had falafel .Project Manager: Oh . Nice . And you ?UserInterface: Uh , yes , I had something similar but non-vegetarian .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay .So today is um our third meeting . It will be about the conceptual design {vocalsound} uh . If I comeback to uh the minutes of the last meetings um . We decided not to go for speech recognitiontechnologies because of some reasons and we are not decided about u the use of L_C_D_ screen on onthe remote control because of costs . So maybe we cou wi will be able to clarify this this question totoday . Uh at the end of the meeting we should take decision on that point . So I hope uh that yourrespective pr presentations uh will help us . So each of you have some presentatio presentation toperform um who starts ?Marketing: Okay , {gap} .Project Manager: So marketing .Marketing:{vocalsound} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} So you are{disfmarker} you saved your y your presentation somewhere ?Marketing: Yep .Project Manager: Soyou're four ?Marketing: Four , yeah .Project Manager: Which is trend watch . {vocalsound} Okay . MrMarketing Experts .Marketing: Yeah that's me .Project Manager: So {gap} {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound} Uh . Well I investigate the preference more d I investigate deeper the preference of theusers . Uh so the the current investigation th uh th uh sorry the current the n current trends ?UserInterface: Yeah .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Marketing: Yeah ? Okay . {vocalsound} {gap} Okay .{vocalsound} Well wha {vocalsound} what I found {disfmarker} um can you {disfmarker}ProjectManager: Next slide ? Yeah .Marketing: Yeah . Thank you . What I found in order of importance from lessto more important is that people want an easy to use device . After they they want something newtechnologic technologically speaking , but the most {disfmarker} what they what they find more moreinteresting , more {disfmarker} or more important it's uh a fancy look and feel instead of uh instead ofthe current the current trend which was f the functional look and feel .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: So now more more cool aspect , ma more {disfmarker} a cooler aspect uhrather than a device with many functions and many buttons with {disfmarker} instead of i instead of haof a device which can do many things , a device which is pleasant to to watch , to see .Project Manager:Okay .Marketing: Uh also {disfmarker} Well {vocalsound} in in Euro in in Paris and and {vocalsound}Milan the {disfmarker} {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: in Paris and in Paris and Milan the the current trend of {gap} uh of clothes ,furniture and all this all this fashion it's {vocalsound} it's fruit and the the the theme is fruit andvegetables .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Mm .Marketing: And also {vocalsound} in thein the U_S_A_ the the current {disfmarker} the mor the most popular feeling it's it's a spongy . Spongymeans eponge ?Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Marketing: So maybe we should we should think in in thisdirection , so {disfmarker}User Interface: What what do you mean by {vocalsound} fruit and vegetablesand spongy ?Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: What {disfmarker} you mean clotheIndustrialDesigner: Spongy means it it's like spMarketing: Fruit vegetables is the the new {disfmarker} have youseen the last exposition of clothes in Milan ?User Interface: No , I missed that one .Marketing: Yeah , I Ididn't miss an {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}Marketing: I didn't miss and I saw that the fruit , there are many fr pictures offruits and vegetables in the clothes .User Interface: Oh , they're {disfmarker} okay so they're not likedressed as a carrot they just have like pictures of fruit on , okay .Marketing: No no , not not yet , not yet.Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah , yeah .User Interface: So we're not gonna have aremote control in the shape of of a banana ,Marketing: So te textu textures , yeah .User Interface: justmaybe {disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Vegetable textures and allthis kind .Project Manager: Drawings of bananas .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: Uh {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay and {vocalsound} {disfmarker}ProjectManager: Uh-huh .Marketing: yeah , yeah .Industrial Designer: But what's your suggestion how we canhave some shape like that on the remote ?Project Manager: Well so this is in the next slide certainly