Passage 1:Abe MeyerAbe Meyer (1901–1969) was an American composer of film scores.Selected filmographyPainted Faces (1929)Honeymoon Lane (1931)UnholyLove (1932)A Strange Adventure (1932)Take the Stand (1934)Legong (1935)The Unwelcome Stranger (1935)Suicide Squad (1935)The Mine with the Iron Door(1936)The Devil on Horseback (1936)Song of the Trail (1936)County Fair (1937)The 13th Man (1937)Raw Timber (1937)Roaring Timber (1937)The LawCommands (1937)The Painted Trail (1938)My Old Kentucky Home (1938)The Secret of Treasure Island (1938)Saleslady (1938)Numbered Woman  (1938)TheMarines Are Here (1938)Fisherman's Wharf (1939)Undercover Agent (1939)Passage 2:Tarcisio FuscoTarcisio Fusco was an Italian composer of film scores. Hewas the brother of the composer Giovanni Fusco and the uncle of operatic soprano Cecilia Fusco.Selected filmographyBoccaccio (1940)Free Escape(1951)Abracadabra (1952)The Eternal Chain (1952)Beauties in Capri (1952)Milanese in Naples (1954)Conspiracy of the Borgias (1959)Passage 3:ThomasMorseThomas Morse (born June 30, 1968) is a composer of film and concert music.Life and composing careerHe began his musical career while in high school,writing his first orchestral work. After receiving a bachelor's degree in composition from the University of North Texas, Morse began a composition master'sdegree at USC in Los Angeles, changing over to the film scoring program in the second year.In the years that followed, Morse composed orchestral scores formore than a dozen feature films including The Big Brass Ring, based on an Orson Welles script, with William Hurt & Miranda Richardson who received a GoldenGlobe nomination for her performance; The Sisters (Maria Bello & Elizabeth Banks); and The Apostate (with Dennis Hopper), as well as the noted orchestral scorefor Jerry Bruckheimer's CBS series The Amazing Race.Working parallel in the field of popular music, he created string arrangements on songs for numerous artistsincluding a posthumous Michael Hutchence release entitled Possibilities.In 2013 he signed a worldwide publishing agreement with Music Sales Group in New York,parent company of G. Schirmer.Notable music for film and televisionNotable music for film and television:2014 Come Back to Me2005 The Sisters2001-2005 TheAmazing Race (69 Episodes)2001 Lying in Wait2000 The Apostate1999 The Big Brass RingOpera2017 Frau SchindlerOther works2013 Code Novus(album)Passage 4:Yandé Codou, la griotte de SenghorYandé Codou, la griotte de Senghor is a 2008 Belgian-Senegalese documentary film written and directed byAngèle Diabang Brener and starring Yandé Codou Sène — two years prior to her death. The documentary is a portrayal of the life and work of Yandé Codou Sène,official griot to President Léopold Sédar Senghor, and one of the most influential Senegalese and Senegambian artists for decades despite not recording her firstalbum until the age of sixty-five. The music is provided by Yandé Codou Sène, Wasis Diop and Youssou N'Dour.SynopsisThe griotte Yandé Codou Sène, who isnow around 80 years old, is one of the last representatives of the Serer polyphonic poetry. This documentary, shot over four years, is an intimate portrait of thediva that traveled through the history of Senegal by the side of one of the country's legendary figures, poet President, Léopold Sédar Senghor. A sweet and bitterstory about greatness, glory and the passage of time.AwardsFestival de Cine de Dakar 2008: Audience Award for Best Documentary (6 December 2008)Passage5:André SenghorAndré Koupouleni Senghor (born 28 January 1986), is a Senegalese footballer who played as a striker. He is currently playing for Chinese SuperLeague team Cangzhou Mighty Lions.Club careerSenghor was loaned to Raja Casablanca, where he scored two goals in his first league match, against CODMMeknès, the second was one of the best of season.Senghor also played an important role in Al-Karamah's run in the AFC Champions League 2007, while he waswith the club on loan during 2007.International careerOn 28 March 2009, he made his debut for the Senegal national football team against Oman.CareerstatisticsAs of 3 January 2023.NotesPassage 6:Bert GrundBert Grund (1920–1992) was a German composer of film scores.Selected filmographyCrown Jewels(1950)Immortal Light (1951)I Can't Marry Them All (1952)We're Dancing on the Rainbow (1952)My Wife Is Being Stupid (1952)Knall and Fall as Detectives(1952)The Bachelor Trap (1953)The Bird Seller (1953)The Immortal Vagabond (1953)The Sun of St. Moritz (1954)The Witch (1954)The Major and the Bulls(1955)Operation Sleeping Bag (1955)Love's Carnival (1955)The Marriage of Doctor Danwitz (1956)Between Time and Eternity (1956)That Won't Keep a SailorDown (1958)Arena of Fear (1959)The Thousand Eyes of Dr. Mabuse (1960)The Count of Luxemburg (1972)Mathias Sandorf (1979, TV series)Die Wächter (1986,TV miniseries)Carmen on Ice (1990)Passage 7:Henri VerdunHenri Verdun (1895–1977) was a French composer of film scores.Selected filmographyNapoléon(1927)The Sweetness of Loving (1930)The Levy Department Stores (1932)The Lacquered Box (1932)The Weaker Sex (1933)The Flame (1936)Girls of Paris(1936)The Assault (1936)Les Disparus de Saint-Agil (1938)The Woman Thief (1938)Ernest the Rebel (1938)Rail Pirates (1938)The Fatted Calf (1939)CampThirteen (1940)The Man Without a Name (1943)The Bellman (1945)My First Love (1945)The Murderer is Not Guilty (1946)Distress (1946)The Fugitive (1947)TheIronmaster (1948)The Tragic Dolmen (1948)The Ladies in the Green Hats (1949)La Fugue de Monsieur Perle (1952)The Lovers of Midnight (1953)The Big Flag(1954)Blood to the Head (1956)Passage 8:Walter UlfigWalter Ulfig was a German composer of film scores.Selected filmographyDas Meer (1927)Venus im Frack(1927)Svengali (1927)Bigamie (1927)Homesick (1927)The Awakening of Woman (1927)The Famous Woman (1927)Alpine Tragedy (1927)The Strange Case ofCaptain Ramper (1927)Assassination (1927)Queen Louise (1927)Homesick (1927)Das Schicksal einer Nacht (1927)The Hunt for the Bride (1927)The Orlov(1927)Serenissimus and the Last Virgin (1928)Mariett Dances Today (1928))The Woman from Till 12 (1928)The Beloved of His Highness (1928)The SchorrsiegelAffair (1928)It Attracted Three Fellows (1928)Miss Chauffeur (1928)The King of Carnival (1928)The Weekend Bride (1928)Honeymoon (1928)Spring Awakening(1929)The Right of the Unborn (1929)The Heath Is Green (1932)Höllentempo (1933)The Two Seals (1934)Pappi (1934)Mädchenräuber (1936)BibliographyJung,Uli & Schatzberg, Walter. Beyond Caligari: The Films of Robert Wiene. Berghahn Books, 1999.External linksWalter Ulfig at IMDbPassage 9:Alonso MudarraAlonsoMudarra (c. 1510 – April 1, 1580) was a Spanish composer of the Renaissance, and also played the vihuela, a guitar-shaped string instrument.  He was aninnovative composer of instrumental music as well as songs, and was the composer of the earliest surviving music for the guitar.BiographyThe place of his birth isnot recorded, but he grew up in Guadalajara, and probably received his musical training there.  He most likely went to Italy in 1529 with Charles V, in thecompany of the fourth Duke of the Infantado, Íñigo López de Mendoza, marqués de Santillana.  When he returned to Spain he became a priest, receiving the postof canon at the cathedral in Seville in 1546, where he remained for the rest of his life.  While at the cathedral, he directed all of the musical activities; manyrecords remain of his musical activities there, which included hiring instrumentalists, buying and assembling a new organ, and working closely with composerFrancisco Guerrero for various festivities.  Mudarra died in Seville, and his sizable fortune was distributed to the poor of the city according to his will.Mudarrawrote numerous pieces for the vihuela and the four-course guitar, all contained in the collection Tres libros de musica en cifras para vihuela ("Three books ofmusic in numbers for vihuela"), which he published on December 7, 1546 in Seville.  These three books contain the first music ever published for the four-courseguitar, which was then a relatively new instrument. The second book is noteworthy in that it contains eight multi-movement works, all arranged by "tono", ormode.Compositions represented in this publication include fantasias, variations (including a set on La Folia), tientos, pavanes and galliards, and songs. Modernlisteners are probably most familiar with his Fantasia X, which has been a concert and recording mainstay for many years.   The songs are in Latin, Spanish andItalian, and include romances, canciones (songs), villancicos, (popular songs) and sonetos (sonnets).  Another innovation was the use of different signs fordifferent tempos:  slow, medium, and fast.References and further readingJohn Griffiths: "Alonso Mudarra", Grove Music Online ed. L. Macy (Accessed March 24,2005), (subscription access)Gustave Reese, Music in the Renaissance.  New York, W.W. Norton & Co., 1954.  ISBN 0-393-09530-4Guitar Music of the SixteenthCentury, Mel Bay Publications (transcribed by Keith Calmes)The Eight Masterpieces of Alonso Mudarra, Mel Bay Publications (transcribed by Keith Calmes)FantasiaVI in hypermedia (Shockwave Player required) at the BinAural Collaborative HypertextJacob Heringman and Catherine King: "Alonso Mudarra songs and solos".Magnatune.com (http://www.magnatune.com/artists/albums/heringman-mudarra/hifi_play)External linksFree scores by Alonso Mudarra in the Choral PublicDomain Library (ChoralWiki)Free scores by Alonso Mudarra at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)Passage 10:Yandé Codou SèneYandé CodouSène (also Yande Codou Sene) was a Senegalese singer from the Serer ethnic group. She was born in 1932 at Somb in the Sine-Saloum delta and died on July15, 2010 at Gandiaye in Sénégal. She was the official griot of president Léopold Sédar Senghor. Most of her music is in the Serer language.CareerYandé Codousings in the old Serer tradition and have had a significant impact on Senegambian music as well as artists including Youssou N'Dour whom she has inspiredimmensely. Although she has been singing since she was a child and have had a profound effect on Senegambia's music scene, she did not record her first album(Night Sky in Sine Saloum) until she was aged 65. Her first recording debut on an album "Gainde" was in 1995 that she shared with Youssou N'Dour in which shereceived rave reviews. In that same year, her vocals were showcased on the full-length album Youssou N'Dour Presents Yandé Codou Sène. RootsWorld describedher as someone who:"can move mountains with her positively poetic voice."In Safi Faye's Mossane (a 1996 film), Yandé's powerful vocals received rave reviewswhose song in the film is associated with the evocation of the Serer Pangool (ancestral spirits and Serer Saints in the Serer religion).President Senghor who isfamous for adopting the African griot technique of "naming" in his poems is adopted from the Serer tradition as in his poem "Aux tirailleurs Sénégalais morts pourla France."  Yandé Codou who is proficient in this technique used a similar technique in the funeral of President Senghor.AlbumsGainde, Yandé Codou Sène and


Passage 1:Secrets of a Door-to-Door SalesmanSecrets of a Door-to-Door Salesman is a 1973 sex comedy film directed by Wolf Rilla. Also known as NaughtyWives.PlotThe film is about a young man who gets a job as a vacuum salesman and finds that he has to fight off advances from female customers.CastBrendanPrice – David ClydeSue Longhurst – PennyFelicity Devonshire – SusanneVictoria Burgoyne – Sally CockburnGraham Stark - Charlie VincentChic Murray –PolicemanBernard Spear - Jake TripperJean Harrington – MartinaSteve Patterson – Anthony ClydeJacqueline Logan – Mrs. DonovanElizabeth Romilly – NancyJanServais – JaneJacqueline Afrique – RachelJohnny Briggs - LomanKaren Boyes – GirlfriendDavid Rayner – Bruce, the art directorRon Alexander – Ron, theassistantNoelle Finch – Edith Simons, the reporterPassage 2:Bill Porter (salesman)William Douglas Porter (September 9, 1932 – December 3, 2013) was anAmerican salesman, who worked for Watkins Incorporated based out of Winona, Minnesota. Born with cerebral palsy, Porter's background and work was broughtto the public's attention in 1995 when an Oregon-based newspaper published a series of feature stories about him.LifePorter was born in San Francisco,California, and at a young age moved to Portland, Oregon along with his mother. He was unable to gain employment due to his cerebral palsy, but refused to goon disability. Porter eventually convinced Watkins Incorporated to give him a door-to-door salesman job, selling its products on a seven-mile route in the Portlandarea. He eventually became Watkins' top seller, and worked for the company for over forty years.In 1995, the newspaper The Oregonian ran a feature storyabout Porter. The story of his optimistic determination made him the subject of media attention across the United States. He was featured in Reader's Digest andon ABC's 20/20. The 20/20 broadcast received over 2000 phone calls and letters, which was the most ever for a 20/20 story. Porter was the subject of a 2002made-for-TV movie on TNT called Door to Door, featuring William H. Macy, Kyra Sedgwick and Helen Mirren. In 2009 the Japanese TBS network aired a TV movieloosely based on Bill Porter, also called Door to Door. It starred Ninomiya Kazunari and Rosa Kato as fictional versions of Porter and Brady. Porter died of aninfection in Gresham, Oregon, on December 3, 2013, at the age of 81.Passage 3:The Fuller Brush ManThe Fuller Brush Man is a 1948 American comedy filmstarring Red Skelton as a door-to-door salesman for the Fuller Brush Company who becomes a murder suspect.PlotSuccess doesn't exactly stare the unfortunatestreet cleaner Red Jones (Red Skelton) in the eye, and when he decides to propose to his sweetheart Ann Elliot (Janet Blair), who is a secretary at the FullerBrush company, she demands that he makes something more of himself before she can accept the offer. She suggests he should follow the example of asalesman and friend of hers, Keenan Wallick (Don McGuire), who works at her company. Red gets a chance to prove himself worthy sooner than he had expectedwhen he is fired from his job as a cleaner by his boss, Gordon Trist (Nicholas Joy), because he accidentally sets a trash can on fire in the line of duty, andsmashes Trist's car window. Ann gives him a chance to show his skills as a door-to-door salesman for the Fuller Brush company, and he is teamed up with herfriend Keenan. Both Ann and Red are unaware that Keenan himself has a romantic interest in Ann, and wants to get Red out of the way as soon as possible, so hecan pursue Ann without competition. Keenan assigns Red a list of the hardest homes, and Red fails tremendously with his task of selling to an almost impossiblepotential customer. He has a comical run-in with a troublesome small boy, and a beautiful model at another home tries to seduce him.Seeing how unsuccessfulRed's sales attempts are, Keenan comes up with the idea of a bet – the winner gets to pursue Ann without interference of the other man – which he suggests toRed. The bet is that Red won't be able to sell a single brush to the households on their run. Red takes the bet, and the next household on their run is the mansionof his old boss Gordon Trist. After Red tries to hide from Gordon and the groundskeeper, Gordon recognizes Red and sends him packing, but his wife comes afterRed and buys ten brushes from him.Red returns to Anna and Keenan in high spirits, until he realizes he forgot to collect the payment money from Mrs. Trist.When Red comes back to the Trist home, he overhears a conversation between his former boss, Keenan, Gregory Cruckston (Donald Curtis) and a few otherpersons, as they discuss their involvement in a racketeering operation. Red is caught eavesdropping and knocked unconscious after he is brought into the house.When he comes back to life, Gordon has been murdered in the dark, and everyone present in the house is arrested by police lieutenant Quint (Arthur Space), allsuspected of murder.Red is released since there is no evidence pointing to him being the killer, and when he comes home he discovers Mrs. Trist (Hillary Brooke)waiting for him with the money. Soon after, Sara arrives at his home, and shortly after that Freddie Trist (Ross Ford), Gordon's son, with two armed gangsters.The gangsters hold everyone hostage as they search in vain for the murder weapon that killed Gordon. Ann and Red conclude that the weapon must have been aFuller brush, molded into a knife-looking object. Cruckston stops them from telling policeman Quint about the weapon, and it turns out Cruckston, who isGordon's partner in crime, is the murderer. Ann and Red escape from him and his gangsters. Cruckston is arrested and Red is the hero of the day, winning Ann'sheart in the process.CastRed Skelton as Red JonesJanet Blair as Ann ElliottDon McGuire as Keenan WallickHillary Brooke as Mildred TristAdele Jergens as MissSharmleyRoss Ford as Freddie TristTrudy Marshall as Sara FranzenNicholas Joy as Commissioner Gordon TristDonald Curtis as Gregory CruckstonArthur Space asLieutenant QuintProductionThe project had been in development for four years. Producer Simon got permission from the Fuller Brush company and wrote thestory with Skelton in mind but was unable to secure studio interest until the success of Miracle on 34th Street (1947) showed the benefits of commercial tie-insfor feature films. He set the project up at Columbia conditional upon MGM agreeing to loan him out.Producer Edward Small was owed a favour by MGM as heagreed not to make a film called D'Artagnan to clash with their production of The Three Musketeers (1948). Small and Simon then purchased a story in theSaturday Evening Post by Roy Huggins.Fuller Brush gave their final approval provided it was clear in the final movie that the character Skelton played was anindependent dealer and not an employee of the Fuller Brush company.See alsoThe Fuller Brush GirlPassage 4:Wolf RillaWolf Peter Rilla (16 March 1920 – 19October 2005) was a film director and writer of German background, although he worked mainly in the United Kingdom.Rilla is known for directing Village of theDamned (1960). He wrote many books for students, such as The Writer and the Screen: On Writing for Film and Television and The A to Z of Movie Making.Earlylife and careerRilla was born in Berlin, where his father Walter Rilla was an actor and producer. In common with many others in entertainment and the arts,Walter recognised the dangers when Hitler came to power, and the family moved to London in 1934 when Wolf was 14. He completed his schooling at theenlightened co-educational Frensham Heights School, Surrey, and went on to St Catharine's College, Cambridge. In 1942, he joined the BBC External Service'sGerman section, beginning as a script editor, but transferred to television in the late 1940s.Film and television careerRilla left the BBC staff in 1952 to pursue acareer making films, but continued to take on television productions as a freelance. For television, he directed episodes of series such as The Adventures of Aggie,a sitcom, and The Adventures of the Scarlet Pimpernel (both 1956), both produced for ITV, but also aimed at the American market. Later, he wrote episodes ofthe Paul Temple television series.Meanwhile, in the cinema he worked for Group 3, a production company set up by the National Film Finance Corporation withMichael Balcon, John Baxter and John Grierson in charge. The intention was to give young talent a chance to make modestly budgeted films (those costing lessthan £50,000), but the arrangement only survived until 1956. By 1960, Rilla was working regularly for MGM-British Studios.His best remembered film, Village ofthe Damned (1960), dates from his period with the American studio's British subsidiary. Derived from John Wyndham's sci-fi novel The Midwich Cuckoos. As wellas directing the film, Rilla collaborated with producer Ronald Kinnoch (using the pseudonym George Barclay) and Stirling Silliphant on the adaptation. GeorgeSanders co-starred with Barbara Shelley. In his other film for MGM-British, Rilla directed his father, along with George Sanders and Richard Johnson, in Cairo(1963), a remake of John Huston's The Asphalt Jungle, with Tutankhamun's jewels in a Cairo museum now the target of the robbers.His novels included GreekChorus, The Dispensable Man, The Chinese Consortium and one simply entitled Movie.Rilla also wrote an episode of Doomwatch entitled The Devil'sDemolition  however the series was cancelled before it was produced.Personal lifeRilla married the actress and director Valerie Hanson after they appearedtogether in a BBC television production of The Portugal Lady; the couple had a daughter, Madeleine, in 1955. In 1967, he married Shirley Graham-Ellis, a publicistfor tea suppliers Jacksons of Piccadilly and London Films. Rilla and Graham-Ellis had a son, Nico, who has been a filmmaker and chef. His daughter Madeline diedin a car crash in 1985.After Rilla had held office in both the film technicians' union ACTT and the Directors' Guild, he and Shirley moved to the south of France, tobuy and run a hotel at Fayence in Provence.FilmographyNoose for a Lady (1953)Glad Tidings (1953)The Large Rope (1953)Marilyn (US: Roadhouse Girl,1953)The Black Rider (1954)The End of the Road (1954)Stock Car (1955)The Blue Peter (1955)Pacific Destiny (1956)The Scamp (1957)Bachelor of Hearts(1958)Jessy (1959)Witness in the Dark (1959)Die zornigen jungen Männer (1960)Village of the Damned (1960)Piccadilly Third Stop (1960)Watch it, Sailor!(1961)The World Ten Times Over (1963)Cairo (1963)Pax? (1968)Secrets of a Door-to-Door Salesman (1973)Bedtime with Rosie (1974)Passage 5:Lee MiglinLeeAlbert Miglin (July 12, 1924 – May 4, 1997) was an American business tycoon and philanthropist. After starting his career as a door-to-door salesman and thenbroker, Miglin became a successful real estate developer. He was an early developer of business parks. His firm, at one point, proposed the construction of theMiglin-Beitler Skyneedle, which was planned to be the tallest building in the world. Miglin was murdered in his home in May 1997 by Andrew Cunanan, aspreekiller.Life and careerMiglin was one of seven children born to a Roman Catholic family of Lithuanian descent. His father was a Czech immigrant who worked


Passage 1:Karl Wilhelm WachKarl Wilhelm Wach (also Carl Wilhelm or Wilhelm Wach) (11 September 1787 – 24 November 1845) was a German painter.LifeWachwas born in Berlin in 1787, studied art at the Prussian Academy of Arts and was a pupil of painter Karl Kretschmar. At the age of just 20, Wach was commissionedto paint an altar piece for the Paretz village church and produced his "Christ with four Apostles" (1807).Five years later came his artistic breakthrough, hispainting of Königin Luise (1812). After spending 1813 to 1815 in the Prussian army, Wach then established himself in Paris. He met William Hensel and the twobecame pupils of the painters Antoine Jean Gros and Jacques-Louis David. In 1817 Wach undertook a longer study trip to Italy, above all  to study artists fromQuattrocento. His strongest influence – according to his own statements – was however Raphael. Two years later Wach returned to Berlin (1819) and set himselfup himself as a freelance artist. His first large commission was a picture for Berlin Concert Hall. Wach created for it a cover painting of the nine Muses. Prussianking Frederick William III made available to Wach premises in which he then furnished a studio. Due to its influence and its many pupils, this studio soon becamea school. By 1837 it had nearly 70 pupils, almost all of whom went on to forge artistic careers. His activity as a teacher did not noticeably impair his artistic work.Wach was honoured with the title professor and appointed a member of Prussian Academy of Arts (1820). To mark his 40th birthday Wach was officially promotedto royal painter (1827).Wach died in 1845.Selected worksChrist with four Apostles (1807)Königin Luise (1812)The Communion and the Auferstehung Christ (inthe Evangelist church of St Peter & Paul, Moscow)The beautiful Velletrinerin, (1820)Madonna picture (1826, for Prince Frederik of the Netherlands)The ThreeHimmlischen Virtues (1830, in Friedrichswerder Church in Berlin)Carl von Clausewitz (1830)Christ at the oil mountainPsyche of Amor surpriseA life-largeNympheBildnis Bettina von Savigny (1834)Johannes in the desert (1838)Judith with the head of the Holofernes (1838)Königin Elisabeth von Preußen(1840)Passage 2:Wilhelm Karl Ritter von HaidingerWilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger (or Wilhelm von Haidinger, or most often Wilhelm Haidinger) (5 February1795 – 19 March 1871) was an Austrian mineralogist.Early lifeHaidinger's father was the mineralogist Karl Haidinger (1756–1797), who died when Wilhelm wasonly two years old. The books on mineralogy and the collection of rocks and minerals of his father will almost certainly have raised the interest of young Wilhelm.The collection of his uncle, banker Jakob Friedrich van der Nüll, was by far larger and much more precious, even to such a degree that the famous professorFriedrich Mohs of Freiberg (Germany) had been asked to describe it in detail. Young Wilhelm Haidinger and the professor often met in the house of Wilhelm'suncle. After completing the "Normalschule" and the "Grammatikalschule" Wilhelm started out his pre-academical training at the local "Gymnasium". However,after completing only his first year, the "Humanitätsclasse", Wilhelm (now 17 years old) was asked by professor Friedrich Mohs to join him as his assistant at thenewly founded Universalmuseum Joanneum in Graz.Scientific careerDuring the next five years in Graz and the following six years in Freiberg Wilhelm Haidingerremained a devoted assistant and admirer of professor Friedrich Mohs. During these years Haidinger became more and more involved in scientific work. In 1821Wilhelm Haidinger published his first scientific paper: "On the crystallisation of copper-pyrites" in the Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society(Edinburgh), volume 4, pp. 1–18. This paper formed the start of a grand total of some 350 scientific publications, all of which are listed in volume 3 of theCatalogue of Scientific Papers (1800–1863) and volume 10 of the same catalogue for the years 1864–1883. Apart from all these papers Wilhelm Haidingerpublished several books: Anfangsgründe der Mineralogie, an account on the collection of the "k. k. Hofkammer im Münz- und Bergwesen"; a review ofmineralogical research (which grew into a well-known series edited by Gustav Adolph Kenngott); his Handbuch der bestimmenden Mineralogie; an atlas to thistextbook on mineralogy and the first complete geological map of Austria-Hungary.In 1822 Wilhelm Haidinger accompanied August Graf von Breunner-Enckevoirt(1796–1877) on a six-month trip; they traveled from Linz to Munich, Basel, Paris, London and Edinburgh. In Edinburgh banker Thomas Allan provided Haidingerwith the means to translate Mohs' Grundriss der Mineralogie into English. (The translation appeared in 1823 in three volumes: Treatise on Mineralogy.)In 1823Wilhelm Haidinger left Freiberg to re-settle in Edinburgh, where he stayed until the summer of 1825. In Edinburgh Haidinger met mineralogists Robert Jamesonand Robert Ferguson of Raith, geologist James Hall, chemists Thomas Thomson and Edward Turner, and physicist David Brewster. The years in Edinburgh areamong Haidinger's most productive: The translation of the comprehensive textbook by Mohs appeared in print and 33 scientific papers were written and published(in, for example, The Edinburgh Journal of Science of David Brewster and in the Philosophical Journal of Robert Jameson). While in Edinburgh Haidinger's friendPierre Berthier named a new mineral (an iron antimony sulfide) "Haidingérite".Return to AustriaA long journey with Robert Allan (the son of Thomas Allan) in1825 and 1826 brought Wilhelm Haidinger to Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria, and northern Italy. The winter months of 1825 and 1826 were spentby Wilhelm Haidinger in the highest scientific circles of Berlin; here he met for example Gustav Rose and Heinrich Rose, Friedrich Wöhler, Eilhard Mitscherlich,Heinrich Gustav Magnus, and Johann Christian Poggendorff. In the spring of 1826 the journey was continued and visits to Friedrich Mohs in Freiberg, to JohannFriedrich Ludwig Hausmann and Friedrich Stromeyer in Göttingen, Hermann von Meyer in Frankfurt, Carl Cäsar Ritter von Leonhard and Leopold Gmelin inHeidelberg, Christian Gmelin, Franz von Kobell in Munich and Franz Xaver Riepl in Vienna completed their trip.In 1827 Wilhelm Haidinger returned to Austria andbecame one of the directors of the "Erste (böhmische) Porzellan-Industrie Aktien Gesellschaft (Epiag)" in Elbogen (now Loket, Czech Republic). Working in theceramics factory owned by his brothers Eugen and Rudolf did not prevent Wilhelm from continuing his mineralogical research and writing scientific papers. In theyears 1827 to 1840 Haidinger published some 24 papers (according to the Catalogue of Scientific Papers), which appeared in such well known journals asPoggendorff's Annalen and the Zeitschrift für Physik. One of the papers described the occurrence of fossil plants in the brown coal and sandstones of thesurroundings of Elbogen (Loket).In 1840 Wilhelm Haidinger moved to Vienna to succeed his tutor Friedrich Mohs as director of the mineralogical collection of the"Kaiserlich-Königlichen Hofkammer im Münz- und Bergwesen". How much Haidinger devoted himself to science in general is evident from the fact that he foundeda non-governmental scientific society: the "Freunde der Naturwissenschaften in Wien". Becker, in 1871, recalled how Haidinger had been able to organize hisscientific society in spite of serious opposition from the Austrian police. Haidinger, founder and president of the "Freunde der Naturwissenschaften in Wien"undertook to publish its proceedings from 1840 to 1850. The last meeting of the "Freunde der Naturwissenschaften in Wien" took place on 29 November 1850.After that the learned society ceased to exist. In addition to his work on the collections of the mineralogical museum, his lectures on mineralogy and geology toyoung mining engineers, Wilhem Haidinger found the time to continue his own research and published some 105 papers during the years 1849 to1860.DolomitizationHaidinger's scientific work became more and more concentrated on the phenomenon of "pseudomorphosis": that is minerals which havetaken up the outer aspect of another mineral. For example, anhydrite would have changed into gypsum, but the original cleavage planes and crystal habituswould give the impression of anhydrite. Another example given by Haidinger was that of calcium carbonate, which would readily change into calcium magnesiumcarbonate (dolomite). In his own words:... part of the carbonate of lime is replaced by carbonate of magnesia, so as to form in the new species a compound ofone atom each. How this change was brought about, is a difficult question to resolve, though the fact cannot be doubted, as we have in the specimen described ademonstration of it, approaching in certainty almost to ocular evidence.To geologists Haidinger is known especially for his postulate of the "dolomitization"reaction that would change calcium carbonate into dolomite at low temperatures (below 100 degrees Celsius). A solution of magnesium sulfate would convertcalcium carbonate into dolomite plus calcium sulfate in solution. Nonetheless, in 1844 Haidinger related how his friends, the well-known chemists FriedrichWöhler, Eilhard Mitscherlich, and Leopold Gmelin had explained to him, that powdered dolomite will react, even at room temperature, with a solution of calciumsulfate to give calcium carbonate plus a solution of magnesium sulfate. ("Durch meinem verehrten Freund Wöhler wurde ich auf die Beobachtung, die auchMitscherlich und L. Gmelin anführen, aufmerksam gemacht, daß man Dolomit in Pulverform künstlich zerlegen kann, wenn man eine Auflösung von Gyps durchdenselben dringen läßt. Bittersalz wird gebildet und kohlensaurer Kalk bleibt zurück. Dieser Versuch erläutert wohle mit hinreichender Evidenz die Bildung desKalkspathes aus Dolomit bei unserer gewöhnlichen Temperatur und atmosphärischer Pressung": Haidinger, 1844, p. 250.) It was Haidinger's employee at the"Kaiserlich-Königlichen Hofkammer im Münz- und Bergwesen", Adolph von Morlot, who undertook to investigate the formation of dolomite in the laboratory (nodoubt at the request of Haidinger). The outcome of the experiments confirmed what Friedrich Wöhler had predicted in 1843: dolomite does not form from calciumcarbonate plus a solution of magnesium sulfate unless high temperatures (more than 200 degrees Reamur = 250 degrees Celsius) and high pressures wereapplied. Von Morlot used calcite powder soaked in a concentrated solution of magnesium sulfate sealed in a glass tube. Heating the glass tube in an oil bathincreased the pressure inside it to at least 15 bar. The glass tube was able to withstand this high pressure only because it had been placed inside a gun barrelfilled with sand. In this way Von Morlot in 1847 had clearly demonstrated the existence of a minimum temperature for the synthesis of the mineral dolomite.When Von Morlot (1847 A) reacted dolomite powder with a concentrated solution of calcium sulfate at room temperature, the result was (solid) calcium carbonateplus a solution of magnesium sulfate. ("Wenn man nämlich durch gepulverten Dolomit eine Auflösung von Gyps filtriert, so entsteht die umgekehrte doppelte


Passage 1:S. N. MathurS.N. Mathur was the Director of the Indian Intelligence Bureau between September 1975 and February 1980. He was also the Director General of Police in Punjab.Passage 2:Brian Kennedy (gallery director)Brian Patrick Kennedy (born 5 November 1961) is an Irish-born art museum director who has worked in Ireland and Australia, and now lives and works in the United States.  He was the director of the Peabody Essex Museum in Salem for 17 months, resigning December 31, 2020. He was the director of the Toledo Museum of Art in Ohio from 2010 to 2019. He was the director of the Hood Museum of Art from 2005 to 2010, and the National Gallery of Australia (Canberra) from 1997 to 2004.CareerBrian Kennedy currently lives and works in the United States after leaving Australia in 2005 to direct the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College. In October 2010 he became the ninth Director of the Toledo Museum of Art. On 1 July 2019, he succeeded Dan Monroe as the executive director and CEO of the Peabody Essex Museum.Early life and career in IrelandKennedy was born in Dublin and attended Clonkeen College. He received B.A. (1982), M.A. (1985) and PhD (1989) degrees from University College-Dublin, where he studied both art history and history.He worked in the Irish Department of Education (1982), the European Commission, Brussels (1983), and in Ireland at the Chester Beatty Library (1983–85), Government Publications Office (1985–86), and Department of Finance (1986–89). He married Mary Fiona Carlin in 1988.He was Assistant Director at the National Gallery of Ireland in Dublin from 1989 to 1997. He was Chair of the Irish Association of Art Historians from 1996 to 1997, and of the Council of Australian Art Museum Directors from 2001 to 2003. In September 1997 he became Director of the National Gallery of Australia.National Gallery of Australia (NGA)Kennedy expanded the traveling exhibitions and loans program throughout Australia, arranged for several major shows of Australian art abroad, increased the number of exhibitions at the museum itself and oversaw the development of an extensive multi-media site.  Although he oversaw several years of the museum's highest ever annual visitation, he discontinued the emphasis of his predecessor, Betty Churcher, on showing "blockbuster" exhibitions.During his directorship, the NGA gained government support for improving the building and significant private donations and corporate sponsorship. However, the initial design for the building proved controversial generating a public dispute with the original architect on moral rights grounds.  As a result, the project was not delivered during Dr Kennedy's tenure, with a significantly altered design completed some years later.  Private funding supported two acquisitions of British art, including David Hockney's A Bigger Grand Canyon in 1999, and Lucian Freud's After Cézanne in 2001. Kennedy built on the established collections at the museum by acquiring the Holmgren-Spertus collection of Indonesian textiles; the Kenneth Tyler collection of editioned prints, screens, multiples and unique proofs; and the Australian Print Workshop Archive. He was also notable for campaigning for the construction of a new "front" entrance to the Gallery, facing King Edward Terrace, which was completed in 2010 (see reference to the building project above).Kennedy's cancellation of the "Sensation exhibition" (scheduled at the NGA from 2 June 2000 to 13 August 2000) was controversial, and seen by some as censorship. He claimed that the decision was due to the exhibition being "too close to the market" implying that a national cultural institution cannot exhibit the private collection of a speculative art investor. However, there were other exhibitions at the NGA during his tenure, which could have raised similar concerns. The exhibition featured the privately owned Young British Artists works belonging to Charles Saatchi and attracted large attendances in London and Brooklyn. Its most controversial work was Chris Ofili's The Holy Virgin Mary, a painting which used elephant dung and was accused of being blasphemous. The then-mayor of New York, Rudolph Giuliani, campaigned against the exhibition, claiming it was "Catholic-bashing" and an "aggressive, vicious, disgusting attack on religion." In November 1999, Kennedy cancelled the exhibition and stated that the events in New York had " obscured discussion of the artistic merit of the works of art". He has said that it "was the toughest decision of my professional life, so far."Kennedy was also repeatedly questioned on his management of a range of issues during the Australian Government's Senate Estimates process - particularly on the NGA's occupational health and safety record and concerns about the NGA's twenty-year-old air-conditioning system. The air-conditioning was finally renovated in 2003. Kennedy announced in 2002 that he would not seek extension of his contract beyond 2004, accepting a seven-year term as had his two predecessors.He became a joint Irish-Australian citizen in 2003.Toledo Museum of ArtThe Toledo Museum of Art is known for its exceptional collections of European and American paintings and sculpture, glass, antiquities, artist books, Japanese prints and netsuke. The museum offers free admission and is recognized for its historical leadership in the field of art education.  During his tenure, Kennedy has focused the museum's art education efforts on visual literacy, which he defines as "learning to read, understand and write visual language."   Initiatives have included baby and toddler tours, specialized training for all staff, docents, volunteers and the launch of a website, www.vislit.org. In November 2014, the museum hosted the International Visual Literacy Association (IVLA) conference, the first Museum to do so. Kennedy has been a frequent speaker on the topic, including 2010 and 2013 TEDx talks on visual and sensory literacy.Kennedy has expressed an interest in expanding the museum's collection of contemporary art and art by indigenous peoples. Works by Frank Stella, Sean Scully, Jaume Plensa, Ravinder Reddy and Mary Sibande have been acquired.  In addition, the museum has made major acquisitions of Old Master paintings by Frans Hals and Luca Giordano.During his tenure the Toledo Museum of Art has announced the return of several objects from its collection due to claims the objects were stolen and/or illegally exported prior being sold to the museum.  In 2011 a Meissen sweetmeat stand was returned to Germany followed by an Etruscan Kalpis or water jug to Italy (2013), an Indian sculpture of Ganesha (2014) and an astrological compendium to Germany in 2015.Hood Museum of ArtKennedy became Director of the Hood Museum of Art in July 2005. During his tenure, he implemented a series of large and small-scale exhibitions and oversaw the production of more than 20 publications to bring greater public attention to the museum's remarkable collections of the arts of America, Europe, Africa, Papua New Guinea and the Polar regions. At 70,000 objects, the Hood has one of the largest collections on any American college of university campus. The exhibition, Black Womanhood: Images, Icons, and Ideologies of the African Body, toured several US venues. Kennedy increased campus curricular use of works of art, with thousands of objects pulled from storage for classes annually. Numerous acquisitions were made with the museum's generous endowments, and he curated several exhibitions: including Wenda Gu: Forest of Stone Steles: Retranslation and Rewriting Tang Dynasty Poetry, Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, and Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons.PublicationsKennedy has written or edited a number of books on art, including:Alfred Chester Beatty and Ireland 1950-1968: A study in cultural politics, Glendale Press (1988), ISBN 978-0-907606-49-9Dreams and responsibilities: The state and arts in independent Ireland, Arts Council of Ireland (1990), ISBN 978-0-906627-32-7Jack B Yeats: Jack Butler Yeats, 1871-1957 (Lives of Irish Artists), Unipub (October 1991), ISBN 978-0-948524-24-0The Anatomy Lesson: Art and Medicine (with Davis Coakley), National Gallery of Ireland (January 1992), ISBN 978-0-903162-65-4Ireland: Art into History (with Raymond Gillespie), Roberts Rinehart Publishers (1994), ISBN 978-1-57098-005-3Irish Painting, Roberts Rinehart Publishers (November 1997),  ISBN 978-1-86059-059-7Sean Scully: The Art of the Stripe, Hood Museum of Art (October 2008), ISBN 978-0-944722-34-3Frank Stella: Irregular Polygons, 1965-1966, Hood Museum of Art (October 2010), ISBN 978-0-944722-39-8Honors and achievementsKennedy was awarded the Australian Centenary Medal in 2001 for service to Australian Society and its art. He is a trustee and treasurer of the Association of Art Museum Directors, a peer reviewer for the American Association of Museums and a member of the International Association of Art Critics. In 2013 he was appointed inaugural eminent professor at the University of Toledo and received an honorary doctorate from Lourdes University. Most recently, Kennedy received the 2014 Northwest Region, Ohio Art Education Association award for distinguished educator for art education.== Notes ==Passage 3:Richard HalliburtonRichard Halliburton (January 9, 1900 – presumed dead after March 24, 1939) was an American travel writer and adventurer who swam the length of the Panama Canal and paid the lowest toll in its history—36 cents in 1928. He disappeared at sea while attempting to sail the Chinese junk Sea Dragon across the Pacific Ocean from Hong Kong to the Golden Gate International Exposition in San Francisco, California.Early life and educationRichard Halliburton was born in Brownsville, Tennessee, to Wesley Halliburton, a civil engineer and real estate speculator, and Nelle Nance Halliburton. A brother, Wesley Jr., was born in 1903. The family moved to Memphis, where the brothers, who were not close, spent their childhood. Richard attended Memphis University School, where his favorite subjects were geography and history; he also showed promise as a violinist, and was a fair golfer and tennis player. In 1915 he developed a rapid heartbeat and spent some four months in bed before its symptoms were relieved. This included some time at the Battle Creek Sanitarium in Michigan, run by the eccentric and innovative John Harvey Kellogg, whose philosophy of care featured regular exercise, sound nutrition, and frequent enemas. In 1917, following an apparent bout of rheumatic fever, Wesley Jr., thought strong and in fine health, suddenly died.: 8 At 5'7" (170 cm) and about 140 pounds (64 kg), Halliburton was never robust but would seldom complain of sickness or poor stamina. He graduated from the Lawrenceville School in 1917, where he was chief editor of The Lawrence. In 1921 he graduated from Princeton University, where he was on the editorial board of The Daily Princetonian and chief editor of The Princetonian Pictorial Magazine. He also attended courses in public speaking and considered a career as a lecturer.Career"An even tenor"Leaving college temporarily during 1919, Halliburton became an ordinary seaman and boarded the freighter Octorara that July, bound from New Orleans to England.: 19–23 He toured historic places in London and Paris, but soon returned to Princeton in early 1920 to finish his schooling.: 55–57 His trip inspired in him a lust for even more travel; seizing the day


Passage 1:Konstantin LopushanskyKonstantin Sergeyevich Lopushansky (Russian: Константин Сергеевич Лопушанский; born June 12, 1947) is a Soviet andRussian film director, film theorist and author. He is best known for directing the apocalyptic and post-apocalyptic films Dead Man's Letters (1986), A Visitor to aMuseum (1989), Russian Symphony (1994), and The Ugly Swans (2006).In 1997, Lopushansky was awarded the Honored Artist of the Russian Federationhonorary title. In 2007, he was awarded the People's Artist of Russia honorary title, the highest Russian civilian honor for performing arts.BiographyEarlylifeKonstantin Lopushansky was born on June 12, 1947, in Dnepropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR. His mother was Sofia Petrovna Lopushanskaya, who worked as alinguistic professor at Volgograd State University. His father was Sergei Timofeyevich Lopushansky, a front-line soldier who died in 1953 from wounds hesustained in war.Education and early careerIn 1970, Konstantin Lopushansky graduated from Kazan Conservatory as a violinist, and in 1973 he completed apostgraduate course at Leningrad Conservatory with a Ph.D. thesis in art criticism. Afterwards, Lopushansky taught at the Kazan and Leningrad conservatories forseveral years. Lopushansky took higher courses for scriptwriters and film directors from the director's department at the workshop of Emil Loteanu.Upongraduating from the directorial courses in 1979, Lopushansky assisted Andrei Tarkovsky in directing the legendary film Stalker, based on the novel RoadsidePicnic by Boris Strugatsky.Lopushansky's thesis film Solo made in 1980 was about a musician playing his last concert during the Siege of Leningrad.Since 1980Lopushansky has worked as a production director at the Lenfilm cinema studio.Dead Man's Letters and breakthroughIn 1986, Konstantin Lopushansky made hisfeature film directorial debut with the post-apocalyptic film Dead Man's Letters, which was co-written by Boris Strugatsky. It was screened at the InternationalCritics' Week section of the Cannes Film Festival in 1987 and received the FIPRESCI prize at the 35th International FilmfestivalMannheim-Heidelberg.Lopushanksy's 1989 film A Visitor to a Museum was entered into the 16th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Silver St.George and the Prix of Ecumenical Jury.Lopushansky's 1994 film Russian Symphony was screened in the Forum section of the 45th Berlin International FilmFestival where it received the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury.Lopushansky made the 2006 film The Ugly Swans, based on the novel by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky.The science-fiction film was about a writer who visits a boarding school for gifted children where the teachers are mutants.Lopushansky's 2013 drama film TheRole told the story of an actor who decides to impersonate a deceased commander of the Red Army. It was shown in competition at the 35th MoscowInternational Film Festival. It received the Nika Award for Best Screenplay.Konstantin Lopushansky's drama film Through the Black Glass was released in2019.FilmographyPassage 2:Vyacheslav RybakovVyacheslav Rybakov (Russian: Вячеслав Михайлович Рыбаков; born January 1954 in Leningrad), is a Russianscience fiction author and an orientalist, interested in the medieval bureaucracy of China. He is a frequent collaborator with science fiction director KonstantinLopushansky. Screenwriting for his films The Ugly Swans, based on the 1972 novel by Arkady and Boris Strugatsky. As well as Dead Man's Letters in 1986, whichhe would later receive a Governmental Award of the RSFSR for the screenplay in 1987 after its premiere at the Toronto Film Festival.BiographyRybakov graduatedfrom the Oriental Studies Department of the Leningrad State University in 1976, mostly focusing on writings about the medieval bureaucracy of China andstarted. Soon after he studied at the Leningrad branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences Oriental Institute where he was able to publish over 40 thesis papers.While studying at Leningrad, the KGB had gained access to rough drafts of his anti-Soviet novel Trust due to Rybakov sending drafts to friends and classmates.This resulted in the copies being seized by the KGB and a warning. Although the KGB has checked in with Rybakov several years later, Rybakov insisted on writingthe final draft of the novel using previous remaining drafts and memory. The novel was later published a decade later. In 1983, Rybakov had met KonstantinLopushansky to discuss writing the screenplay for his film Dead Man's Letters. The process of developing the film allowed both artists to freely express theirvisions for the production of the film and further productions further on, this was a stark contrast to Russia's strict censorship rules at the time.SciencefictionAmong Rybakov's works were first published and include the prize-winning novels: Fireplace on a Tower (Ochag na bashne, 1990), and GravilyotTsesarevitch (1993) which depicts an alternative world featuring a Russian Empire in which communism is merely a religion, and our world is just an insanescientific experiment.His Death of Ivan Ilyich (1997) reveals the inner world of a contemporary person in a moment before his death.The novel Na budushchiygod v Moskve (In the adjacent year in Moscow, 2003) explores a Russia torn apart into small, poor countries, ruled by those idealists of the late Soviet Union whosincerely hated totalitarianism but didn't notice any good features of the nation, ruined the whole system of government and survived with help of the West. Inthe story, space is ruled by Darths and Vaders, and a Russian rocket scientist Ivan Obiwankin attempts to resurrect his people's feelings of nationalism bylaunching his own space ship.Rybakov preaches equality of cultures and states that cultures are often based on restrictions, and that simply removing therestrictions as anti-democratic may ruin the culture. Rybakov's novel also examines the Russian mentality, criticizing its tendency to understand and agree withthe positions of others as an inappropriate way to deal with the encroaching Western civilization. He argues that all living civilizations are unique, and that in thefuture it may become essential to save some other civilization from stagnation, because a world ruled by only one civilization has no future.He shows through anexample of the ruined family of the main character Alexey that, "the surest way for you to cease being esteemed and appreciated... even just loved... is toimplicitly cede something essential and principal."Vyacheslav Rybakov and Igor Alimov were also the authors  of There are no bad people. The work was originallyattributed to Holm van Zaichik but was later proved to be a hoax. The series tells the story of the world of the Orduss, a fictional country with a humane and richculture, that unifies lands of China, Russia and the Near East.English translationsArtist (Story)The Trial Sphere (Story)Passage 3:The Dance of Death (1948film)The Dance of Death (French: La danse de mort, Italian: La prigioniera dell'isola) is a 1948 French-Italian drama film directed by Marcel Cravenne and starringErich von Stroheim, Denise Vernac and Palau. It is based on August Strindberg's The Dance of Death.The film's sets were designed by Georges Wakhévitch.PlotAnegocentric artillery Captain and his venomous wife engage in savage unremitting battles in their isolated island fortress off the coast of Sweden at the turn of thecentury. Alice, a former actress who sacrificed her career for secluded military life with Edgar, reveals on the occasion of their 25th wedding anniversary, theveritable hell their marriage has been. Edgar, an aging schizophrenic who refuses to acknowledge his severe illness, struggles to sustain his ferocity andarrogance with an animal disregard for other people. Sensing that Alice, together with her cousin and would-be lover, Kurt, may ally against him, retaliates withvicious force. Alice lures Kurt into the illusion of sharing a passionate assignation and recruits him in a plot to destroy Edgar.CastErich von Stroheim asEdgarDenise Vernac as ThéaPalau as Le sergent / Il sergenteMassimo Serato as Stéphane / StefanoPaul Oettly as Le général / Il generaleMarie OlivierHenri Ponsas Le timonier / Il timoniereRoberto VillaGaleazzo BentiMargo Lion as Mathilde - la servanteJean Servais as KurtMaría Denis as RitaRoberto BerteaPassage 4:DeadMan's LettersDead Man's Letters (Russian: Письма мёртвого человека, romanized: Pis'ma myortvogo cheloveka), also known as Letters from a Dead Man, is a1986 Soviet post-apocalyptic drama film directed and written by Konstantin Lopushansky. He wrote it along with Vyacheslav Rybakov and Boris Strugatsky. Itmarks his directorial debut.The film was screened at the International Critics' Week section of the Cannes Film Festival in 1987and received the FIPRESCI prize atthe 35th International Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg.In the aftermath of nuclear apocalypse, a group of people are forced to live underground in bunkers.They cannot go outside their dwellings without wearing protective clothing and gas masks. They try to find hope in the disturbing new world. Among these peopleis a history teacher who tries to contact via letters his missing son.PlotThe film is set in a town after a nuclear war; the town is destroyed and polluted withradioactive elements. The main character, Professor Larsen, played by Rolan Bykov, is a Nobel Prize in Physics laureate, who lives in the basement of a museumalong with his sick wife and several other people who used to work at the museum. He often writes letters to his son Eric, though he has no way of contactinghim. Larsen believes the war has ended and that more surviving humans exist outside the central bunker, but nobody else believes his theories.Larsen visits anorphanage where the current caretaker of the surviving children explains that she's thinking of evacuating to the central bunker, though may have to leave thechildren behind as they likely won't be allowed in since they're sick, to Larsen's disapproval. Larsen is informed that he also might be rejected from entering thecentral bunker due to his old age. With his wife's health declining, Larsen sneaks past several soldiers during curfew hours and attempts to find medicine for hiswife, escaping from a military raid in the process. When he returns to the museum's basement, however, he finds that his wife died. The other museumemployees bury her body.In one of his letters to Eric, Larsen tells a darkly humorous story on how someone failed to prevent the nuclear war. According to him,an operator from an electronics center had a chance to cancel the first missile launch (which happened due to a computer error), but was unable to reach thecomputer in time to abort the launch as he was slowed down by a cup of coffee in his hands. The operator then hung himself in return.Larsen makes a trip to thecentral bunker in an effort to find Eric. After sneaking into a medical facility, he enters the children's department, only to find all the children sick, injured, andscreaming in agony, much to Larsen's horror.After returning to the museum's basement, he finds that a museum employee is about to take his life as he thinksthe history of mankind has ended and that mankind was doomed from the very beginning. He then leaves the group, lies down in a grave, and shoots himself


Passage 1:Thomas Scott (diver)Thomas Scott (1907 - date of death unknown) was an English diver.BoxingHe competed in the 10 metre platform at the 1930British Empire Games for England.Personal lifeHe was a police officer at the time of the 1930 Games.Passage 2:William Jolliffe, 4th Baron HyltonWilliam GeorgeHervey Jolliffe, 4th Baron Hylton (2 December 1898 – 14 November 1967), was a British peer and soldier.Hylton was the son of Hylton Jolliffe, 3rd Baron Hylton,and Lady Alice Adeliza Hervey. He achieved the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the Coldstream Guards and also served as Lord Lieutenant of Somerset from 1949to 1964. Lord Hylton married Lady Perdita Rose Mary Asquith, daughter of Katharine and Raymond Asquith, eldest son of Prime Minister H. H. Asquith, in 1931.He died in November 1967, aged 68.He was succeeded in his titles by his elder son Raymond. The writer (of eg. Raymond Asquith: Life and Letters) JohnHedworth Jolliffe is his younger son; his daughter Mary is the wife of John Paget Chancellor, son of Christopher Chancellor of Reuters. Mary and John Chancellorare the parents of the actress Anna Chancellor and the financial historian Edward Chancellor.Passage 3:William Jolliffe, 1st Baron HyltonWilliam George HyltonJolliffe, 1st Baron Hylton  (7 December 1800 – 1 June 1876), known as Sir William Jolliffe, Bt, between 1821 and 1866, was a British soldier and Conservativepolitician. He was a member of the Earl of Derby's first two administrations as Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department in 1852 and as ParliamentarySecretary to the Treasury between 1858 and 1859.BackgroundJolliffe was the son of Reverend William John Jolliffe, the son of William Jolliffe and his wife EleanorHylton, daughter and heir of Sir Richard Hylton, 5th Baronet (who had assumed the surname of Hylton in lieu of his patronymic Musgrave; see MusgraveBaronets) and his wife Anne, sister and co-heiress of John Hylton, de jure 18th Baron Hylton. Jolliffe first served in the Army and achieved the rank of captain inthe 15th Dragoons. He notably took part in the events at St Peter's Field in Manchester in 1819 (the "Peterloo Massacre"). In 1821, at the age of twenty, Jolliffewas created a Baronet, of Merstham in the County of Surrey.Political careerJolliffe served a year as High Sheriff of Surrey in 1830 and then sat as a Member ofParliament for Petersfield from 1830 to 1832, 1837 to 1838 and 1841 to 1866 and served under the Earl of Derby as Under-Secretary of State for the HomeDepartment in 1852 and as Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury from 1858 to 1859. He was admitted to the Privy Council in 1859 and in 1866 he was raisedto the peerage as Baron Hylton, of Hylton in the County Palatine of Durham and of Petersfield in the County of Southampton.CricketJolliffe played a singlefirst-class match for Hampshire in 1825 against Sussex. Jolliffe scored 12 runs in the match.FamilyLord Hylton married, firstly, Eleanor Paget, daughter of theHon. Berkeley Thomas Paget, in 1825. Their eldest son Hylton Jolliffe was a captain in the Coldstream Guards but died from cholera during the Crimean War.Hylton married, secondly, Sophia Penelope, daughter of Sir Robert Sheffield, 4th Baronet, and widow of William Fox-Strangways, 4th Earl of Ilchester, in 1867. Hedied at Merstham House near Reigate on 1 June 1876, aged 75, and was succeeded in his titles by his second but eldest surviving son from his first marriage,Hedworth. His granddaughter Gertrude Crawford became the first commandant of the Women's Royal Air Force.Passage 4:Bill Smith (footballer, born1897)William Thomas Smith (9 April 1897 – after 1924) was an English professional footballer.CareerDuring his amateur career, Smith played in 17 finals, andcaptained the Third Army team in Germany when he was stationed in Koblenz after the armistice during the First World War. He started his professional careerwith Hull City in 1921. After making no appearances for the club, he joined Leadgate Park. He joined Durham City in 1921, making 33 league appearances in theclub's first season in the Football League.He joined York City in the Midland League in July 1922, where he scored the club's first goal in that competition. Hemade 75 appearances for the club in the Midland League and five appearances in the FA Cup before joining Stockport County in 1925, where he made no leagueappearances.Passage 5:Etan BoritzerEtan Boritzer (born 1950) is an American writer of children’s literature who is best known for his book What is God? firstpublished in 1989. His best selling What is? illustrated children's book series on character education and difficult subjects for children is a popular teaching guidefor parents, teachers and child-life professionals.Boritzer gained national critical acclaim after What is God? was published in 1989 although the book has causedcontroversy from religious fundamentalists for its universalist views. The other current books in the What is? series include: What is Love?, What is Death?, Whatis Beautiful?, What is Funny?, What is Right?, What is Peace?, What is Money?, What is Dreaming?, What is a Friend?, What is True?, What is a Family?, and Whatis a Feeling? The series is now also translated into 15 languages.Boritzer was first published in 1963 at the age of 13 when he wrote an essay in his English classat Wade Junior High School in the Bronx, New York on the assassination of John F. Kennedy. His essay was included in a special anthology by New York Citypublic school children compiled and published by the New York City Department of Education.Boritzer now lives in Venice, California and maintains his publishingoffice there also. He has helped numerous other authors to get published through How to Get Your Book Published! programs. Boritzer is also a yoga teacher whoteaches regular classes locally and guest-teaches nationally. He is also recognized nationally as an erudite speaker on The Teachings of the Buddha.Passage6:Henry Hylton, de jure 12th Baron HyltonHenry Hylton, de jure 12th Baron Hylton (1586 – 30 March 1641) was an English nobleman.Hylton was the eldest sonof Thomas Hylton (himself the son of William Hylton, de jure 11th Baron Hylton) and his wife, Anne née Bowes (daughter of Sir George Bowes of StreatlamCastle). In 1600, Hylton inherited the right to the barony of Hylton from his grandfather.SourcesHenry Hylton b.1585 - AncestryUK.comThe Gentlemen'sMagazine, March 1821Passage 7:Theodred II (Bishop of Elmham)Theodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.The date of Theodred's consecration unknown,but the date of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.Passage 8:Hylton Jolliffe, 3rd Baron HyltonHylton George Hylton Jolliffe, 3rd Baron Hylton (10November 1862 – 26 May 1945) was a British peer and Conservative politician.Hylton was the eldest son of Hedworth Jolliffe, 2nd Baron Hylton, and Lady AgnesMary Byng. Henry Paget, 1st Marquess of Anglesey was his maternal great-grandfather.CareerGeorge succeeded the barony in 1899; prior to that he waseducated at Eton college and Oriel College, Oxford. He pursued a brief military career as capital for the Somerset imperial yeomanry, then diplomatic service in1888, then 3rd secretary in 1890 and 2nd secretary in 1894. He became Justice of the peace and county Alderman for Somerset where he sat in politics.Hyltonentered the Diplomatic Service in 1888, but in 1895 he was elected to the House of Commons for Wells. He held this seat until 1899, when he succeeded hisfather as third Baron Hylton and entered the House of Lords. In June 1915 Hylton was appointed a Lord-in-waiting (government whip in the House of Lords) in thenewly formed coalition government, and in 1918 he was promoted him to Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard. The coalition government of David Lloyd Georgefell in 1922, but Hylton continued as Deputy Chief Whip also under Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin. However, after the first Baldwin government fell in January1924, he never returned to office.He was created Viscount Hylton and owned much of Chaldon, of which he was Lord of the manor.Lord Hylton married Lady AliceAdeliza Hervey, daughter of Frederick Hervey, 3rd Marquess of Bristol, in 1896. He died in May 1945, aged 82, and was succeeded in his titles by his son WilliamGeorge Hervey Jolliffe. Lady Hylton died in 1962.Passage 9:Hedworth Jolliffe, 2nd Baron HyltonHedworth Hylton Jolliffe, 2nd Baron Hylton DL (23 June 1829 – 31October 1899), was a British peer and Conservative Member of Parliament.Birth and educationHylton was the second son of William George Hylton Jolliffe, 1stBaron Hylton, and Eleanor Paget. He was educated at Eton and Oriel College, Oxford.Crimean War serviceIn 1849, he joined the 4th Light Dragoons and served inthe Crimean War, where his older brother was killed at Sebastopol. He was present at the Charge of the Light Brigade. He retired from the Army in 1856,following his election to Parliament.Parliamentary serviceHe was elected to the House of Commons for Wells in 1855, a seat he held until 1868.In 1870 hesucceeded his father as second Baron Hylton and entered the House of Lords.MarriagesLord Hylton married his second cousin, Lady Agnes Mary Byng, daughter ofGeorge Byng, 2nd Earl of Strafford, in 1858. Their divorce was a Cause célèbre. There were children of this marriage, sons and a daughter, Agatha EleanorAugusta Jolliffe, who married Ailwyn Fellowes MP.Lord Hylton married again to Anne, daughter of Henry Lambert, who was the second wife and the widow of thethird Earl of Dunraven.Death and successionHe died in October 1899, aged 70, and was succeeded in his titles by his surviving son Hylton George HyltonJolliffe.NotesPassage 10:William Jolliffe (1745–1802)William Jolliffe (16 April 1745 – 20 February 1802) was a British politician who sat in the House ofCommons  from 1768 to 1802.LifeHe was the eldest son of the politician John Jolliffe and his wife Mary, daughter of Samuel Holden. He was educated atWinchester College and Brasenose College, Oxford.Jolliffe was elected as Member of Parliament for Petersfield in 1768, a seat controlled by his father, who died in1771 leaving him a sitting patron. He held it until 1802.He was a Lord of Trade from 1772 to 1779 and Lord of the Admiralty during 1783.He bought the lease forhis residence on King Street in 1772 for what he called "very cheap," but Edward Gibbon described the place as "excellent." After his death, his son Hylton sold itto Henry Francis Greville, who opened it as the Argyll Rooms.FamilyHe married Eleanor Hylton, daughter and heir of Sir Richard Hylton, 5th Baronet, and Anne,sister and co-heiress of John Hylton, de jure 18th Baron Hylton. Jolliffe died in February 1802, aged 56, after falling through a trapdoor into a cellar at his home.His wife died the same year. Their grandson William George Hylton Jolliffe became a prominent Conservative politician and was created Baron Hylton in1866.Notes


Passage 1:Immilla of TurinImmilla (also Emilia, Immula, Ermengard, or Irmgard) (born c. 1020; died January 1078) was a duchess consort of Swabia bymarriage to Otto III, Duke of Swabia, and a margravine of Meissen by marriage to Ekbert I of Meissen. She was regent of Meissen during the minority of her son,Ekbert II.LifeImmilla was the daughter of Ulric Manfred II of Turin and Bertha of Milan and thereby a member of the Arduinici dynasty. Her older sister wasAdelaide of Susa.Her first husband was Otto III, Duke of Swabia, whom she married c. 1036. After Otto's death in September 1057, Immilla married again(c.1058). Her second husband was Ekbert I of Meissen.In 1067, shortly before his death, Ekbert I attempted to repudiate Immilla in order to marry Adela ofLouvain, daughter of Lambert II, Count of Louvain and the widow of Otto I, Margrave of Meissen. After Ekbert's death in 1068, Immilla spent some time at theimperial court with her niece Bertha, before returning to Italy. It is possible that she acted as regent for her young son, Ekbert II, at this time.Immilla died inTurin in January 10, 1078. She is sometimes said to have become a nun before her death.Marriages and childrenWith her first husband, Otto, Immilla had fivedaughters:Bertha (or Alberada) (died 1 April 1103), married firstly Herman II, Count of Kastl, and married secondly Frederick, Count of KastlGisela, inheritedKulmbach and Plassenburg, married Arnold IV, Count of AndechsJudith (died 1104), married firstly Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria, and secondly Botho, Count ofPottensteinEilika, abbess of NiedermünsterBeatrice (1040–1140), inherited Schweinfurt, married Henry II, Count of Hildrizhausen and Margrave of theNordgauWith her second husband, Ekbert I, Immilla had the following children:Ekbert IIGertrudePassage 2:VolkoldVolkold of Meissen (also Wolcold, Folcold,Folchold, Volhold, Volkhuld, Volchrad, Vocco; died 23 August 992) was the second Bishop of Meissen.LifeBefore his elevation to the episcopate all that is known ofVolkold's life is that he was at the court of Emperor Otto I as one of the tutors of the Emperor's son, the  future Otto II. He seems to have been appointed Bishopof Meissen in 969. Before his elevation Volkold was the patron of the young Willigis, later Saint Willigis, and used his influence to obtain for him a position in theImperial service. In 972 Volkold attended a synod in Ingelheim.When Boleslaus II, Duke of Bohemia, besieged the Albrechtsburg and the town of Meissen in 984in support of the Imperial ambitions of Henry II of Bavaria after the death of Otto II, Volkold was obliged to seek refuge from the Sorbs in Erfurt, under theprotection of Willigis, and was not able to return to his badly-damaged headquarters until after the re-conquest by Ekkehard I, Margrave of Meissen, in 987. Inthat year he put the diocese under Imperial protection.Doubtless as compensation for the bishopric's many losses he received from Otto II several gifts of estates,tolls and uses.While on a visit to Prague he suffered a stroke, on Good Friday 992, and returned paralysed to Meissen, where he died on 23 August and wasburied.Passage 3:Albrecht I of MeissenAlbrecht I of Meissen (died 1 August 1152) was Bishop of Meissen from 1150 to 1152.LifeAlbrecht I is not extensivelydocumented. He was supposedly from a family of the Sorbian nobility. Before his elevation to the bishopric he was a cathedral provost. Otto von Freisingmentions Albrecht in 1151 in connection with the dispute between Friedrich II of Berg and Herman van Horne over the office of bishop of Utrecht.With theagreement of the Pope, the bishopric of Meissen, like that of Naumburg, was under the protection of Burggraf Conrad I of Meissen, in return for which the bishopswere expected to undertake appropriate tasks from time to time. At the beginning of 1152 Conrad III entrusted Albrecht, who had the reputation of beingtalented at languages, with a diplomatic mission to the Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos. The bishop died either on the way to Constantinople or in the cityitself.Passage 4:John I, Duke of Brunswick-GrubenhagenJohn I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (born: before 1322; died: 23 May 1367) was provost of the St.Alexandri Minster in Einbeck.He was the son of Duke Henry I "the Marvelous" of Brunswick-Grubenhagen and his wife Agnes of Meissen, daughter of MargraveAlbert II of Meissen.Passage 5:Agnes of WaiblingenAgnes of Waiblingen (1072/73 – 24 September 1143), also known as Agnes of Germany, Agnes of Poitou andAgnes of Saarbrücken, was a member of the Salian imperial family.  Through her first marriage, she was Duchess of Swabia; through her second marriage, shewas Margravine of Austria.FamilyShe was the daughter of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor, and Bertha of Savoy.First marriageIn 1079, aged seven, Agnes wasbetrothed to Frederick, a member of the Hohenstaufen dynasty; at the same time, Henry IV invested Frederick as the new duke of Swabia. The couple married in1086, when Agnes was fourteen. They had twelve children, eleven of whom were named in a document found in the abbey of Lorsch:Hedwig-Eilike (1088–1110),married Friedrich, Count of LegenfeldBertha-Bertrade (1089–1120), married Adalbert, Count of ElchingenFrederick II of SwabiaHildegardConrad III ofGermanyGisihild-GiselaHeinrich (1096–1105)Beatrix (1098–1130), became an abbessKunigunde-Cuniza (1100–1120/1126), wife of Henry X, Duke of Bavaria(1108–1139)Sophia, married Konrad II, Count of PfitzingenFides-Gertrude, married Hermann III, Count Palatine of the RhineRichildis, married Hugh I, Count ofRoucySecond marriageFollowing Frederick's death in 1105, Agnes married Leopold III (1073–1136), the Margrave of Austria (1095–1136). According to a legend,a veil lost by Agnes and found by Leopold years later while hunting was the instigation for him to found the Klosterneuburg Monastery.Their childrenwere:AdalbertLeopold IVHenry II of AustriaBerta, married Heinrich of RegensburgAgnes, "one of the most famous beauties of her time", married Wladyslaw II ofPolandErnstUta, wife of Liutpold von PlainOtto of Freising, bishop and biographerConrad, Bishop of Passau, and Archbishop of SalzburgElisabeth, marriedHermann, Count of WinzenburgJudith, m. c. 1133 William V of Montferrat. Their children formed an important Crusading dynasty.Gertrude, married Vladislav II ofBohemiaAccording to the Continuation of the Chronicles of Klosterneuburg, there may have been up to seven other children (possibly from multiple births)stillborn or who died in infancy.In 2013, documentation regarding the results of DNA testing of the remains of the family buried in Klosterneuburg Abbey stronglyfavor that Adalbert was the son of Leopold and Agnes.In 1125, Agnes' brother, Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor, died childless, leaving Agnes and her children asheirs to the Salian dynasty's immense allodial estates, including Waiblingen.In 1127, Agnes' second son, Konrad III, was elected as the rival King of Germany bythose opposed to the Saxon party's Lothar III. When Lothar died in 1137, Konrad was elected to the position.Passage 6:Margaret of SicilyMargaret of Sicily (alsocalled Margaret of Hohenstaufen or Margaret of Germany) (1 December 1241, in Foggia – 8 August 1270, in Frankfurt-am-Main) was a Princess of Sicily andGermany, and a member of the House of Hohenstaufen. By marriage she was Landgravine of Thuringia and Countess Palatine of Saxony (German: Landgräfin vonThüringen und Pfalzgräfin von Sachsen).She was the daughter of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Sicily and Germany, by his third wife, Isabella ofEngland.  Her paternal grandparents were Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor and Constance of Sicily. Her maternal grandparents were John of England and Isabellaof Angoulême.BirthThe date of her birth is difficult to ascertain because there is controversy over the exact number of children borne by her mother. Somesources say that she was the first or second child, born by the end of 1237; others say that she was the last child, born in December 1241, when Isabella died inchildbirth. Historians commonly accept the latter date.LifeShortly after her birth (1242), Margaret was betrothed to Albert "the Degenerate", eldest son and heirof Henry III "the Illustrious", Margrave of Meissen. The marriage took place in June 1255, the bride receiving Pleissnerland (the towns of Altenburg, Zwickau,Chemnitz and Leisnig) as her dowry.The couple settled at his residence in Eckartsberga and later moved to Wartburg, where she bore five children: three sons(Henry, Frederick and Dietzmann) and two daughters (Margaret and Agnes). Through her second son Frederick – later Margrave of Meissen – Margaret was thedirect ancestor of the Electors and Kings of Saxony and English Queen consorts Margaret of Anjou and Anne of Cleves.In 1265 her husband received the titles ofLandgrave of Thuringia and Count Palatine of Saxony (German: Pfalzgräf von Sachsen) after the abdication of his father, who retained control of Meissen.After theexecution of her nephew Conradin (29 October 1268), Margaret, as the next legitimate relative, became the rightful Queen of Sicily and the general heiress of theHohenstaufen claims over the Duchy of Swabia and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (despite the fact she was not descended from the Kings of Jerusalem, her fatherFrederick II had claimed the kingdom for himself). Her son Frederick assumed by some time this titles on her right.After discovering the adultery of her husbandwith Kunigunde of Eisenberg, Margaret left Wartburg; according to a legend, before her departure she bit her son Frederick in the cheek; he was called henceforthFrederick the Bitten (de: Friedrich der Gebissene). The flight took place on 24 June 1270. Margaret went to Frankfurt-am-Main and was supported there by thecitizens. She died there six weeks later.IssueMargaret and Albert had five children:Henry (b. 21 March 1256 – d. 25 January/23 July? 1282), inherited thePleissnerland in 1274.Frederick (b. 1257 – d. Wartburg, 16 November 1323), Margrave of Meissen.Theodoric, called Dietzmann (b. 1260 – murdered Leipzig, 10December 1307), Margrave of Lusatia.Margaret (b. 1262 – d. young, after 17 April 1273).Agnes of Meissen (b. 1264 – d. September 1332), married before 21July 1282 to Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.Passage 7:Elisabeth of MeissenElisabeth of Meissen, Burgravine of Nuremberg (22 November 1329 – 21April 1375) was the daughter of Frederick II, Margrave of Meissen and Mathilde of Bavaria and a member of the House of Wettin.Marriage and childrenShe wasborn in Wartburg.  On 7 September 1356, at the age of twenty six, she married Frederick V, Burgrave of Nuremberg in Jena. In 1357 her husband succeeded tothe title, and from that time until her death in 1375, she was styled as Burgravine of Nuremberg. Together Frederick and Elisabeth had nine children, seven girlsand two boys, who survived to adulthood:Elisabeth (1358–26 July 1411, Heidelberg), married in Amberg 1374 to Rupert of Germany.Beatrix (c. 1362,Nuremberg–10 June 1414, Perchtoldsdorf), married in Vienna 1375 Duke Albert III of AustriaAnna (c. 1364–after 10 May 1392), a nun in Seusslitz.Agnes (1366 –22 May 1432), Convent in Hof (1376–1386) married in Konstance 1386 Baron Friedrich of Daber, Returned to Convent in Hof (1406) Abbess in Hof


Passage 1:Cry of the HuntedCry of the Hunted is a 1953 American crime film noir directed by Joseph H. Lewis.  The drama features Vittorio Gassman, BarrySullivan and Polly Bergen.PlotAn obsessive lawman (Barry Sullivan) who works for the state chases an escaped fugitive (Vittorio Gassman) through the Louisianabayou.CastVittorio Gassman as JoryBarry Sullivan as Lieutenant TunnerPolly Bergen as Janet TunnerWilliam Conrad as GoodwinMary Zavian as EllaRobert Burtonas Warden KeeleyHarry Shannon as Sheriff BrownJonathan Cott as Deputy DavisReceptionAccording to MGM records the film earned $376,000 in the US andCanada and $249,000 elsewhere resulting in a loss of $179,000.Critical responseFilm critic Hal Erickson, of Allmovie, has praised the directing of the film, writing,"On the whole, the MGM B product of the 1950s contained some of the studio's best-ever 'small' pictures...Cry of the Hunted is directed with flair by Joseph H.Lewis, who always managed to rise above the slimmest of budgets and the barest of production values."TV Guide in its film guide also wrote well of the film,"Stylishly directed chase film from Lewis who had previously shown his talent in Gun Crazy...At one point he is caught but again breaks free, only to berecaptured again at the finale. Interesting subplot has Conrad waiting for Sullivan to make a wrong move so he can grab his job."Noir analysisCritics Alain Silverand Elizabeth Ward, in various sections of their analysis of the film, discuss a sub silentio theme found in the movie: the homosexual undercurrent of theprotagonists; they write, "After an initial scene, in which Sullivan and Gassman wrestle each other to exhaustion and then sit sharing cigarettes like brothers,"and, "...even in his sleep [Sullivan] is obsessive as he dreams of the escapee in homoerotic terms," and, "Gassman too seems drawn to his pursuer."Film criticEddie Muller, in an interview for Bright Lights Film Journal, agrees, "I once showed this goofy B film called Cry of the Hunted, with Barry Sullivan and WilliamConrad — it's swamp noir. In Los Angeles, the audience adored it. They howled, especially at the over-the-top gay subtext between the two lead actors. Theyfight, and when it's obvious the fight is over, they're still wrestling around the floor. Then they lie against the wall and smoke cigarettes. The L.A. audience ate itup."Passage 2:The Hunted (2015 film)The Hunted is a 2015 American film based on the action comedy web series The Hunted (2001) created and directed byRobert Chapin. Starring Chapin and Monique Ganderton in lead roles. It tells the story of a struggling actor who leads a group of misfit slayers against an army ofvampires. The film is one of the first to be produced under SAG’s New Media contract and was distributed online through Vimeo VOD.PlotComing to terms with hisunsuccessful attempts at becoming an actor, Bob (Chapin) is bitten by a vampire named Susan, (Ganderton) who is the daughter of a crazed vigilante slayer.Consequently, Bob becomes one of the Hunted, a small group of humans, bitten but not turned, who use cold steel and fighting technique to fend off vampires.The vampires, however, have developed an immunity to everything over the years, and the only way they can be killed is with a sword. Luckily, Bob knows howto wield a sword, mostly due to his starring role in a cheesy 80’s action flick called, “Vampslayer”. Find How Bob helps Susan and the Hunted defend the vampiresforms the rest of the story.CastRobert Chapin as BobMonique Ganderton as SusanDavid Lain Baker as HarryGary Kasper as DragosTex Wall as Lore MasterAndrewHelm as KevinAnthony De Longis as VincentProductionConception and writingThe Hunted began in 2001 as a long-standing Internet series, created by Chapin inan effort to train his credentials as a stuntman and VFX-artist. Embracing his skills with a sword and his technical abilities behind the camera, he collaborated withhis friends and colleagues in order to combine their talents and undertake an underdog story of LA-based vampire hunters. The fact that user-generated contentcreated by fans became the main content source for the online series is reflected in the theme of the film, where soccer moms learn to become vampire slayers,just like fans learning to become filmmakers, thus providing everyone a chance to discover their true potential. The dialogues in the film make use of copiouslines from well-known films and poems, ranging from Scarface (1983) and Independence Day (1996) to Shakespeare.FilmingThe film received financial support inJune 2011 via a Kickstarter campaign. The film was shot in Hollywood, California in 2012 and is co-produced by New Deal Studios, the Academy Award-winningeffects studio behind numerous blockbuster films, including Inception (2010) and Interstellar (2014). Post-production was completed in March 2015. The majorityof the film's cast consisted of stunt people.Passage 3:Scotty FoxScott Fox is a pornographic film director who is a member of the AVN Hall of Fame.Awards1992AVN Award – Best Director, Video (The Cockateer)1995 AVN Hall of Fame inducteePassage 4:Adrian BrunelAdrian Brunel (4 September 1892 – 18 February 1958)was an English film director and screenwriter. Brunel's directorial career started in the silent era, and reached its peak in the latter half of the 1920s. His survivingwork from the 1920s, both full-length feature films and shorts, is highly regarded by silent film historians for its distinctive innovation, sophistication and wit. Withthe arrival of talkies, Brunel's career ground to a halt and he was absent from the screen for several years before returning in the mid-1930s with a flurry of quotaquickie productions, the majority of which are now classed as lost. Brunel's last credit as director was in a 1940 comedy film, although he worked for a few yearsmore as a "fixer-up" for films directed or produced by friends in the industry.After decades of neglect, Brunel's work has latterly been rediscovered and hasundergone a critical re-evaluation. His lost films are eagerly sought, and the British Film Institute includes two, The Crooked Billet (1929) and Badger's Green(1934), on its "75 Most Wanted" list of missing British feature films.Early life and careerBorn in Brighton in 1892, Brunel was educated at Harrow School. Hismother Adey was a drama teacher so he grew up in a stage milieu and dabbled in acting and writing plays, as well as training in opera. On leaving school heworked for a time as a local journalist in Brighton before taking employment in London in the bioscope show distribution division of music hall chain MossEmpires. This spurred his interest in cinema, and in 1916 he and a friend formed a company called Mirror Films, which produced one film, The Cost of a Kiss, thefollowing year.In 1920 Brunel joined with actor Leslie Howard and author A. A. Milne to set up Minerva Films, which produced six comedy shorts over a two-yearperiod. Brunel's major break came in 1923, when he was offered the directorial role for the film The Man Without Desire, starring Ivor Novello. His feature filmdebut was a time-travelling story set in Venice and included location filming in the Italian city. Studio and post-production work took place in Germany, and theresulting work has been described as "one of the stranger films to emerge from Britain in the 1920s".Comedy shortsBetween 1923 and 1925, Brunel directed aseries of sophisticated comedy burlesque short films, frequently lampooning fads or institutions of the day. Initially these were produced and distributedindependently, but their popularity among film insiders and cognoscenti brought them to the attention of Michael Balcon, who offered Brunel the opportunity toproduce them through Gainsborough Pictures. These films were replete with punning intertitles and playful visual wit, with a number parodying the silhouetteanimation technique pioneered by Lotte Reiniger by using live actors in place of animated cutouts (Two-Chinned Chow, Shimmy Sheik, and Yes, We Have No...! –in which a man is driven to distraction by the ubiquity of the song "Yes! We Have No Bananas" and travels to ever-more exotic and outlandish locations to escapeit, only to find that no matter where in the world he goes, the song has got there first).Other films were self-referential in highlighting the ability of film toproduce a manipulated and distorted picture of reality. Brunel's most highly admired production of this period is 1924's Crossing the Great Sagrada, a spoof of thehugely popular travelogue genre of the time, in which its conventions are laid bare as the absurdities they are. Brunel uses the film to satirise the prevalentcolonial view of "native people", while highlighting the dishonesty inherent in the genre with ludicrously incongruous intertitles, tagging a view of an Africanmud-hut village as Wapping, and a sequence of the heroes struggling across a desert landscape as Blackpool beach. Critic Jamie Sexton notes: "The film's surrealhumour prefigures that of later innovative British comedy, such as Monty Python's Flying Circus.Brunel also targeted the British film industry itself, with So This IsJollygood bemoaning what he saw as its general ineptitude in comparison with its American counterpart, and Cut It Out attacking the over-zealousness of theBritish film censors.Gainsborough filmsImpressed with Brunel's short film output, Balcon invited him to try his hand at directing full-length features forGainsborough. This resulted in five films between 1926 and 1929, all of which were high profile, big-budget productions with star names, and were designed asserious prestige vehicles with none of the opportunities for the humour and facetiousness of most of Brunel's earlier work. The first release was Blighty, aclass-based study of life during World War I, written by Brunel's friend Ivor Montagu. It was reported that Brunel was initially uneasy about directing a "war film"as it went against his moral values; however the finished product contained no militaristic or jingoistic material, concentrating instead on the effects of the unseenwar on an English family.In 1928 there followed two films which reunited Brunel with Novello as his leading actor: the first screen adaptation of MargaretKennedy's best-selling novel The Constant Nymph and a version of the Noël Coward play The Vortex. Brunel's third film of 1928 was A Light Woman starringBenita Hume, while 1929 brought the Madeleine Carroll vehicle The Crooked Billet, which Brunel described in his autobiography as "my last, and perhaps my best,silent film". The film's "lost" status however precludes it from being critically evaluated alongside his surviving work.Later careerWith the introduction of talkies toBritish cinema, Brunel's career impetus came to a sudden halt. It is not exactly clear why Brunel in particular should have found his career so comprehensivelyderailed at this time, although it is suggested that his pursuance of a legal claim against Gainsborough for alleged non-payment of fees may well have tarnishedhis reputation in the film industry by making him appear a potential trouble-maker. After writing and partly directing 1930's Elstree Calling for BritishInternational Pictures, he was sacked by the studio, who enlisted Alfred Hitchcock to finish the picture, and no further film offers were forthcoming.Brunelreturned to film directing in 1933, and over the following four years made 17 quota quickies, mainly for Fox British. As was the norm with quota quickie directors,