Passage 1:Michael GovanMichael Govan (born 1963) is the director of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. Prior to his current position, Govan worked as thedirector of the Dia Art Foundation in New York City.Early life and educationGovan was born in 1963 in North Adams, Massachusetts, and was raised in theWashington D.C. area, attending Sidwell Friends School.He majored in art history and fine arts at Williams College, where he met Thomas Krens, who was thendirector of the Williams College Museum of Art. Govan became closely involved with the museum, serving as acting curator as an undergraduate. After receivinghis B.A. from Williams in 1985, Govan began an MFA in fine arts from the University of California, San Diego.CareerAs a twenty-five year old graduate student,Govan was recruited by his former mentor at Williams, Thomas Krens, who in 1988 had been appointed director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation.Govan served as deputy director of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum under Krens from 1988 to 1994, a period that culminated in the construction andopening of the Frank Gehry designed Guggenheim branch in Bilbao, Spain. Govan supervised the reinstallation of the museum's permanent collection galleriesafter its extensive renovation.Dia Art FoundationFrom 1994 to 2006, Govan was president and director of Dia Art Foundation in New York City. There, hespearheaded the conversion of a Nabisco box factory into the 300,000 square foot Dia:Beacon in New York's Hudson Valley, which houses Dia's collection of artfrom the 1960s to the present. Built in a former Nabisco box factory, the critically acclaimed museum has been credited with catalyzing a cultural and economicrevival within the formerly factory-based city of Beacon. Dia's collection nearly doubled in size during Govan's tenure, but he also came under criticism for"needlessly and permanently" closing Dia's West 22nd Street building. During his time at Dia, Govan also worked closely with artists James Turrell and MichaelHeizer, becoming an ardent supporter of Roden Crater and City, the artists' respective site-specific land art projects under construction in the Americansouthwest. Govan successfully lobbied Washington to have the 704,000 acres in central Nevada surrounding City declared a national monument in 2015.LACMAInFebruary 2006, a search committee composed of eleven LACMA trustees, led by the late Nancy M. Daly, recruited Govan to run the Los Angeles County Museumof Art. Govan has stated that he was drawn to the role not only because of LACMA's geographical distance from its European and east coast peers, but alsobecause of the museum's relative youth, having been established in 1961. "I felt that because of this newness I had the opportunity to reconsider the museum,"Govan has written, "[and] Los Angeles is a good place to do that."Govan has been widely regarded for transforming LACMA into both a local and internationallandmark. Since Govan's arrival, LACMA has acquired by donation or purchase over 27,000 works for the permanent collection, and the museum's gallery spacehas almost doubled thanks to the addition of two new buildings designed by Renzo Piano, the Broad Contemporary Art Museum (BCAM) and the Lynda andStewart Resnick Pavilion. LACMA's annual attendance has grown from 600,000 to nearly 1.6 million in 2016.Artist collaborationsSince his arrival, Govan hascommissioned exhibition scenography and gallery designs in collaboration with artists. In 2006, for example, Govan invited LA artist John Baldessari to design anupcoming exhibition about the Belgian surrealist René Magritte, resulting in a theatrical show that reflected the twisted perspective of the latter's topsy-turvyworld. Baldessari has also designed LACMA's logo. Since then, Govan has also commissioned Cuban-American artist Jorge Pardo to design LACMA's Art of theAncient Americas gallery, described in the Los Angeles Times as a "gritty cavern deep inside the earth ... crossed with a high-style urban lounge."Govan has alsocommissioned several large-scale public artworks for LACMA's campus from contemporary California artists. These include Chris Burden's Urban Light (2008), aseries of 202 vintage street lamps from different neighborhoods in Los Angeles, arranged in front of the entrance pavilion, Barbara Kruger's Untitled (Shafted)(2008), Robert Irwin's Primal Palm Garden (2010), and Michael Heizer's Levitated Mass, a 340-ton boulder transported 100 miles from the Jurupa Valley toLACMA, a widely publicized journey that culminated with a large celebration on Wilshire Boulevard. Thanks in part to the popularity of these public artworks,LACMA was ranked the fourth most instagrammed museum in the world in 2016.In his first three full years, the museum raised $251 million—about $100 millionmore than it collected during the three years before he arrived. In 2010, it was announced that Govan will steer LACMA for at least six more years. In a letterdated February 24, 2013, Govan, along with the LACMA board's co-chairmen Terry Semel and Andrew Gordon, proposed a merger with the financially troubledMuseum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles and a plan to raise $100 million for the combined museum.Zumthor ProjectGovan's latest project is an ambitiousbuilding project, the replacement of four of the campus's aging buildings with a single new state of the art gallery building designed by architect Peter Zumthor.As of January 2017, he has raised about $300 million in commitments. Construction is expected to begin in 2018, and the new building will open in 2023, tocoincide with the opening of the new D Line metro stop on Wilshire Boulevard. The project also envisages dissolving all existing curatorial departments anddepartmental collections. Some commentators have been highly critical of Govan's plans. Joseph Giovannini, recalling Govan's technically unrealizable onetimeplan to hang Jeff Koons' Train sculpture from the facade of the Ahmanson Gallery, has accused Govan of "driving the institution over a cliff into an equivalentmid-air wreck of its own". Describing the collection merging proposal as the creation of a "giant raffle bowl of some 130,000 objects", Giovannini also points outthat the Zumthor building will contain 33% less gallery space than the galleries it will replace, and that the linear footage of wall space available for displays willdecrease by about 7,500 ft, or 1.5 miles. Faced with losing a building named in its honor, and anticipating that its acquisitions could no longer be displayed, theAhmanson Foundation withdrew its support.On the merging of the separate curatorial divisions to create a non-departmental art museum, Christopher Knight haspointed out that "no other museum of LACMA's size and complexity does it" that way, and characterized the museum's 2019 "To Rome and Back" exhibition, thefirst to take place under the new scheme, as "bland and ineffectual" and an "unsuccessful sample of what's to come".Personal lifeGovan is married and has twodaughters, one from a previous marriage. He and his family used to live in a $6 million mansion in Hancock Park that was provided by LACMA - a benefit worth$155,000 a year, according to most recent tax filings - until LACMA decided that it would sell the property to make up for the museum's of almost $900 million indebt [2]. That home is now worth nearly $8 million and Govan now lives in a trailer park in Malibu's Point Dume region.Los Angeles CA 90020United States. Hehas had a private pilot's license since 1995 and keeps a 1979 Beechcraft Bonanza at Santa Monica Airport.Passage 2:The Seventh Company OutdoorsThe SeventhCompany Outdoors (French: La Septième Compagnie au clair de lune) is a 1977 French comedy film directed by Robert Lamoureux. It is a sequel to Now WhereDid the 7th Company Get to?.CastJean Lefebvre - PithivierPierre Mondy - ChaudardHenri Guybet - TassinPatricia Karim - Suzanne ChaudardGérard Hérold - Lecommandant GillesGérard Jugnot - GorgetonJean Carmet - M. Albert, le passeurAndré Pousse - LambertMichel BertoPassage 3:Peter LevinPeter Levin is anAmerican director of film, television and theatre.CareerSince 1967, Levin has amassed a large number of credits directing episodic television and television films.Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The Paper Chase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney& Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy.Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage: The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), PopeyeDoyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films. He directed "Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, forwhich she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s.Prior to becoming a director, Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions. Hecostarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production when he was drafted into the Army. He trained at the CarnegieMellon University. Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long Wharf Theatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company. He alsoco-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey Davis Levin and was also an associate artist of The InteractTheatre Company.Passage 4:Colin Low (filmmaker)Colin Archibald Low  (July 24, 1926 – February 24, 2016) was a Canadian animation and documentaryfilmmaker with the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). He was known as a pioneer, one of Canada's most important filmmakers, and was regularly referred toas "the gentleman genius". His numerous honors include five BAFTA awards, eight Cannes Film Festival awards, and six Academy Award nominations.EarlylifeLow was born and raised in Cardston, Alberta, to Gerald and Marion Low, ranchers who were members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Thetown borders the Kainai Nation (Blood Tribe), which later became the subject of two of his films; his 1960 film Circle of the Sun marked the first time the KainaiNation's sacred Sun Dance was filmed.CareerLow studied graphic design and animation at the Banff School of Fine Arts and then the Calgary Institute ofTechnology. In 1946, while he was at the latter, the National Film Board of Canada was hiring and put out a call for student submissions; one of Low's teacherssuggested that he send in his portfolio and, a week later, he was hired by the prominent NFB filmmaker Norman McLaren. McLaren placed Low under the tutelageof George Dunning, who would act as his mentor for five years. To hone his animation skills, he was also put to work with NFB animator Evelyn Lambart.Low wasrecognized as a filmmaker in 1949. In 1950, he was appointed Head of the Animation Unit. From 1972 to 1976, he was an executive producer for the NFB'sStudio C; in 1976, he became Director of Regional Production. He would stay with the NFB for the rest of his life, making 203 films and acting as a researcher andadvisor on many others. He officially retired in 1997, but continued to write about animation and large-format film, and to work on film projects.Influence onStanley Kubrick and Ken BurnsLow's 1957 documentary City of Gold made use of slow pans and zooms across archival photos and has been cited by Ken Burns as


Passage 1:Practical JokersPractical Jokers is a 1938 Our Gang short comedy film directed by George Sidney.  It was the 174th Our Gang short (175th episode,86th talking short, 87th talking episode, and sixth MGM produced episode) that was released.PlotHoping to get even for all the practical jokes perpetrated byneighborhood troublemaker Butch, the Gang plans to sabotage Butch's birthday party. The weapon of choice is a firecracker, which is substituted for one of thebirthday candles. Unfortunately, the kids in general and Alfalfa in particular are unable to escape from the party before the big (and tasty) explosion.CastTheGangDarla Hood as DarlaEugene Lee as PorkyGeorge McFarland as SpankyCarl Switzer as AlfalfaBillie Thomas as BuckwheatAdditional castTommy Bond asButchGary Jasgur as GarySidney Kibrick as WoimLeonard Landy as LeonardMarie Blake as Butch's motherGrace Bohanon as Party extraJoe Levine as PartyextraSee alsoOur Gang filmographyPassage 2:Henry Moore (cricketer)Henry Walter Moore (1849 – 20 August 1916) was an English-born first-class cricketer whospent most of his life in New Zealand.Life and familyHenry Moore was born in Cranbrook, Kent, in 1849. He was the son of the Reverend Edward Moore and LadyHarriet Janet Sarah Montagu-Scott, who was one of the daughters of the 4th Duke of Buccleuch. One of his brothers, Arthur, became an admiral and wasknighted. Their great grandfather was John Moore, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1783 to 1805. One of their sisters was a maid of honour to QueenVictoria.Moore went to New Zealand in the 1870s and lived in Geraldine and Christchurch. He married Henrietta Lysaght of Hāwera in November 1879, and theyhad one son. In May 1884 she died a few days after giving birth to a daughter, who also died.In 1886 Moore became a Justice of the Peace in Geraldine. In 1897he married Alice Fish of Geraldine. They moved to England four years before his death in 1916.Cricket careerMoore was a right-handed middle-order batsman. Inconsecutive seasons, 1876–77 and 1877–78, playing for Canterbury, he made the highest score in the short New Zealand first-class season: 76 and 75respectively. His 76 came in his first match for Canterbury, against Otago. He went to the wicket early on the first day with the score at 7 for 2 and put on 99 forthe third wicket with Charles Corfe before he was out with the score at 106 for 3 after a "very fine exhibition of free hitting, combined with good defence".Canterbury were all out for 133, but went on to win the match. His 75 came in the next season's match against Otago, when he took the score from 22 for 2 to136 for 6. The New Zealand cricket historian Tom Reese said, "Right from the beginning he smote the bowling hip and thigh, going out of his ground to indulge insome forceful driving." Canterbury won again.Moore led the batting averages in the Canterbury Cricket Association in 1877–78 with 379 runs at an average of34.4. Also in 1877–78, he was a member of the Canterbury team that inflicted the only defeat on the touring Australians. In 1896–97, at the age of 47, hetop-scored in each innings for a South Canterbury XVIII against the touring Queensland cricket team.Passage 3:John McMahon (Surrey and Somersetcricketer)John William Joseph McMahon (28 December 1917 – 8 May 2001) was an Australian-born first-class cricketer who played for Surrey and SomersetCounty Cricket Clubs in England from 1947 to 1957.Surrey cricketerMcMahon was an orthodox left-arm spin bowler with much variation in speed and flight whowas spotted by Surrey playing in club cricket in North London and brought on to the county's staff for the 1947 season at the age of 29. In the first innings of hisfirst match, against Lancashire at The Oval, he took five wickets for 81 runs.In his first full season, 1948, he was Surrey's leading wicket-taker and in the lasthome game of the season he was awarded his county cap – he celebrated by taking eight Northamptonshire wickets for 46 runs at The Oval, six of them comingin the space of 6.3 overs for seven runs. This would remain the best bowling performance of his first-class career, not surpassed, but he did equal it seven yearslater. In the following game, the last away match of the season, he took 10 Hampshire wickets for 150 runs in the match at Bournemouth. In the 1948 season asa whole, he took 91 wickets at an average of 28.07. As a tail-end left-handed batsman, he managed just 93 runs in the season at an average of 4.22.Theemergence of Tony Lock as a slow left-arm bowler in 1949 brought a stuttering end of McMahon's Surrey career. Though he played in 12 first-class matches in the1949 season, McMahon took only 19 wickets; a similar number of matches in 1950 brought 34 wickets. In 1951, he played just seven times and in 1952 onlythree times. In 1953, Lock split the first finger of his left hand, and played in only 11 of Surrey's County Championship matches; McMahon played as his deputy in14 Championship matches, though a measure of their comparative merits was that Lock's 11 games produced 67 wickets at 12.38 runs apiece, while McMahon's14 games brought him 45 wickets at the, for him, low average of 21.53. At the end of the 1953 season, McMahon was allowed to leave Surrey to join Somerset,then languishing at the foot of the County Championship and recruiting widely from other counties and other countries.Somerset cricketerSomerset's slowbowling in 1954 was in the hands of leg-spinner Johnny Lawrence, with support from the off-spin of Jim Hilton while promising off-spinner Brian Langford was onnational service. McMahon filled a vacancy for a left-arm orthodox spinner that had been there since the retirement of Horace Hazell at the end of the 1952season; Hazell's apparent successor, Roy Smith, had failed to realise his promise as a bowler in 1953, though his batting had advanced significantly.McMahoninstantly became a first-team regular and played in almost every match during his four years with the county, not missing a single Championship game until hewas controversially dropped from the side in August 1957, after which he did not play in the Championship again.In the 1954 season, McMahon, alongside fellownewcomer Hilton, was something of a disappointment, according to Wisden: "The new spin bowlers, McMahon and Hilton, did not attain to the best standards oftheir craft in a wet summer, yet, like the rest of the attack, they would have fared better with reasonable support in the field and from their own batsmen," itsaid. McMahon took 85 wickets at an average of 27.47 (Hilton took only 42 at a higher average). His best match was against Essex at Weston-super-Mare wherehe took six for 96 in the first innings and five for 45 in the second to finish with match figures of 11 for 141, which were the best of his career. He was awardedhis county cap in the 1954 season, but Somerset remained at the bottom of the table.The figures for the 1955 were similar: McMahon this time took 75 wickets at28.77 apiece. There was a small improvement in his batting and the arrival of Bryan Lobb elevated McMahon to No 10 in the batting order for most of the season,and he responded with 262 runs and an average of 9.03. This included his highest-ever score, 24, made in the match against Sussex at Frome. A week later inSomerset's next match, he equalled his best-ever bowling performance, taking eight Kent wickets for 46 runs in the first innings of a match at Yeovil throughwhat Wisden called "clever variation of flight and spin". These matches brought two victories for Somerset, but there were only two others in the 1955 season andthe side finished at the bottom of the Championship for the fourth season running.At the end of the 1955 season, Lawrence retired and McMahon becameSomerset's senior spin bowler for the 1956 season, with Langford returning from National Service as the main support. McMahon responded with his mostsuccessful season so far, taking 103 wickets at an average of 25.57, the only season in his career in which he exceeded 100 wickets. The bowling averageimproved still further in 1957 to 23.10 when McMahon took 86 wickets. But his season came to an abrupt end in mid-August 1957 when, after 108 consecutiveChampionship matches, he was dropped from the first team during the Weston-super-Mare festival. Though he played some games for the second eleven later inAugust, he regained his place in the first team for only a single end-of-season friendly match, and he was told that his services were not required for the future, adecision, said Wisden, that "proved highly controversial".Sacked by SomersetThe reason behind McMahon's sacking did not become public knowledge for manyyears. In its obituary of him in 2002, McMahon was described by Wisden as "a man who embraced the antipodean virtues of candour and conviviality". It went on:"Legend tells of a night at the Flying Horse Inn in Nottingham when he beheaded the gladioli with an ornamental sword, crying: 'When Mac drinks, everybodydrinks!'" The obituary recounts a further escapade in second eleven match at Midsomer Norton where a curfew imposed on the team was circumvented by "aPOW-type loop" organised by McMahon, "with his team-mates escaping through a ground-storey window and then presenting themselves again". As the onlySomerset second eleven match that McMahon played in at Midsomer Norton was right at the end of the 1957 season, this may have been the final straw. But inany case there had been "an embarrassing episode at Swansea's Grand Hotel" earlier in the season, also involving Jim Hilton, who was also dismissed at the endof the season. Team-mates and club members petitioned for McMahon to be reinstated, but the county club was not to be moved.After a period in LancashireLeague cricket with Milnrow Cricket Club, McMahon moved back to London where he did office work, later contributing some articles to cricket magazines.==Notes and references ==Passage 4:Hartley LobbanHartley W Lobban (9 May 1926 – 15 October 2004) was a Jamaican-born first-class cricketer who played 17matches for Worcestershire in the early 1950s.Life and careerLobban played little cricket in Jamaica. He went to England at the end of World War II as a memberof the Royal Air Force, and settled in Kidderminster in Worcestershire in 1947, where he worked as a civilian lorry driver for the RAF. He began playing forKidderminster Cricket Club in the Birmingham League, and at the start of the 1952 season, opening the bowling for the club's senior team, he had figures of 7 for9 and 7 for 37.Worcestershire invited him to play for them, and he made his first-class debut against Sussex in July 1952. He took five wickets in the match (hismaiden victim being Ken Suttle) and then held on for 4 not out with Peter Richardson (20 not out) to add the 12 runs needed for a one-wicket victory after hiscounty had collapsed from 192 for 2 to 238 for 9. A week later he claimed four wickets against Warwickshire, then a few days later still he managed 6 for 52 (fiveof his victims bowled) in what was otherwise a disastrous innings defeat to Derbyshire. In the last match of the season he took a career-best 6 for 51 againstGlamorgan; he and Reg Perks (4 for 59) bowled unchanged throughout the first innings. Worcestershire won the game and Lobban finished the season with 23


Passage 1:The Slaughter RuleThe Slaughter Rule is a 2002 independent film directed by Alex Smith and Andrew J. Smith and starring Ryan Gosling and DavidMorse.  The film, set in contemporary Montana, explores the relationship between a small-town high school football player (Gosling), and his troubled coach(Morse). The film was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 2002 Sundance Film Festival.PlotRoy Chutney is a high school senior in the fictional Montanatown of Blue Springs. Roy does not have an especially close relationship with his mother Evangeline and has not seen his father in years. That does not preventRoy from feeling emotionally devastated when he learns that his father has killed himself, and Roy's self-esteem takes a beating when he is cut from the highschool football team shortly afterward. Roy whiles away his time by swilling beer with his best friend, Tracy Two Dogs, and falling into a romance with Skyla, abarmaid at a local tavern, but Roy's short time on the high school gridiron seems to have impressed Gideon Ferguson, a local character who coaches anunsanctioned high school six-man football team when he is not delivering newspapers or trying to score a gig singing country songs at nearbyhonky-tonks.Gideon thinks that Roy has potential and asks him to join his team; encouraged by Gideon's belief in him, Roy agrees, and he persuades Tracy andhis friend Russ to tag along. While playing hardscrabble six-man football helps restore Roy's self-confidence, he finds it does not answer his questions about hisfuture or his relationship with Skyla. When Gideon's overwhelming interest in Roy begins to lend credence to town rumors that Gideon is gay, Roy starts towonder just why he was asked to join the team.CastRyan Gosling as Roy ChutneyDavid Morse as Gideon FergusonClea DuVall as Skyla SiscoKelly Lynch asEvangeline ChutneyDavid Cale as StudebakerEddie Spears as Tracy Two DogsAmy Adams as DoreenKen White as Russ ColfaxProductionJay Farrar, founder of thealternative country bands Uncle Tupelo and Son Volt, composed the film's musical score. New songs were written and performed by Vic Chesnutt and Freakwater,and existing songs by Ryan Adams, Uncle Tupelo, and the Pernice Brothers were also included.Filming for the movie largely took place in Great Falls, Montana,and a series of small towns in the Great Falls vicinity.The title of the film comes from the term "slaughter rule." The unofficial rule provides for an athleticcompetition's premature conclusion if one team is ahead of the other by a certain number of points prior to game's end. The rule helps to avoid humiliating thelosing team further.ReleaseThe film premiered in January 2002 during the Sundance Film Festival. Later that year, the film entered the South by Southwest FilmFestival and the AFI Film Festival. It went into limited release nationwide beginning January 2003.Critical receptionOn review aggregator website RottenTomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 74% based on 31 reviews, and an average rating of 5.9/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "A bleak butoriginal indie, The Slaughter Rule benefits from outstanding performances by Ryan Gosling and David Morse." On Metacritic, the film has a weighted averagescore of 65 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".While the performances by Morse and Gosling were generally receivedpositively, some reviews of the film criticized the script. Reviewing the film for The New York Times, Stephen Holden praised the performances of Gosling andMorse, but opined that the film is "confused" and "doesn't have much dramatic momentum". In her review for the Los Angeles Times, Manohla Dargis praised thefilm's cinematography but wrote that although the film has the virtue of sincerity, the story is "over-explained".Joe Leydon of Variety claimed the script "plays likea first draft". However, Marjorie Baumgarten of The Austin Chronicle thought that the "writing and directing team of twin brothers Alex and Andrew Smith havemade an astonishingly good first feature". J. R. Jones, writing in Chicago Reader, described the film as "powerful" and especially praised David Morse'sperformance.AccoladesThe film received the FIPRESCI Prize at the 2002 Stockholm Film Festival and the Milagro Award at the 2002 Santa Fe Film Festival. Thefilm was also nominated for the John Cassavetes Award at the 2003 Film Independent Spirit Awards and the Grand Jury Prize at the 2002 Sundance FilmFestival.See alsoList of American football filmsPassage 2:It's Never Too Late (1956 film)It's Never Too Late is a 1956 British comedy film directed by MichaelMcCarthy and starring Phyllis Calvert, Patrick Barr, Susan Stephen and Guy Rolfe. It was based on a 1952 play of the same name by Felicity Douglas.PlotFeelingher combative family has long taken her for granted, genteel British housewife Laura Hammond somehow finds time to write a film script amidst the chaos of herhome life. Her work catches the attention of a Hollywood producer, and Laura unexpectedly finds herself the author of a hit film. She also finds she can only writewhen she's surrounded by her dysfunctional family. Eventually, Laura must choose between being a highly paid writer and celebrity or a housewife.CastPhyllisCalvert as Laura HammondPatrick Barr as Charles HammondSusan Stephen as Tessa HammondGuy Rolfe as Stephen HodgsonJean Taylor Smith as GrannieSarahLawson as Anne HammondDelphi Lawrence as Mrs Madge DixonPeter Hammond as TonyRichard Leech as John HammondRobert Ayres as Leroy CranePeter Illingas GuggenheimerIrene Handl as NeighbourSam Kydd UncreditedFred Griffiths as Removal Man (uncredited)Critical receptionTV Guide noted, "some clevermoments, but the film suffers from a staginess that makes it a mildly amusing comedy at best" ; while the Radio Times found it "an amiable comedy...This is verymuch of its time, with its West End origins masked by skilful art direction, but the period cast is a British film fan's delight: Guy Rolfe, Patrick Barr, SusanStephen, Irene Handl, and even a young Shirley Anne Field. Director Michael McCarthy whips up a fair old storm in this particular teacup, and, although nothingreally happens, there's a great deal of pleasure to be had from watching Calvert attempt to rule over her unruly household."Passage 3:Never Too Late (1997film)Never Too Late is a 1996 Canadian comedy-drama film starring Olympia Dukakis, Jean Lapointe, Cloris Leachman and Corey Haim. It was filmed in Montreal,Quebec.Plot summaryJoseph, Rose, and Olive suspect Carl, the owner of a retirement home, of misusing the funds of the home's residents. Together they set outto see that no one takes advantage of their unhealthy friend Woody.CastOlympia Dukakis as RoseCloris Leachman as OliveJan Rubeš as JosephMatt Craven asCarlJean Lapointe as WoodyCorey Haim as MaxAwardsAt the 17th Genie Awards in 1996, Paola Ridolfi received a nomination for Best Art Direction/ProductionDesign, and Donald Martin was nominated for Best Original Screenplay.Passage 4:Never Too Late (1935 film)Never Too Late is a 1935 American crime filmdirected by Bernard B. Ray and stars Richard Talmadge, Thelma White and Robert Frazer.PlotCastRichard Talmadge as Det. Dick ManningThelma White as HelenLloydRobert Frazer as Commissioner George HartleyMildred Harris as Marie Lloyd HartleyVera Lewis as Mother HartleyRobert Walker as Matt Dunning - Henchmanbidding at auctionGeorge Chesebro as Dude Hannigan - Second Henchman At AuctionBull Montana as Monte, an escaped convictPaul Ellis as Lavelle, the jewelthiefLloyd Ingraham as Chief of Detectives WinterPassage 5:It's Never Too Late to MendIt's Never Too Late to Mend (alternatively just Never Too Late to Mend;US release title Never Too Late) is a 1937 British melodrama film directed by David MacDonald and starring Tod Slaughter, Jack Livesey and Marjorie Taylor. Inthe film, a villainous squire and Justice of the Peace conspires to have his rival in love arrested on false charges.It is based on the 1856 novel It Is Never Too Lateto Mend by Charles Reade. The film was made at Shepperton Studios as a quota quickie for release by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. It was popular enough to bere-released in 1942.The novel was adapted once before, as a British silent film in 1922, starring Russell Thorndike as Squire Meadows.Plot summaryCastTodSlaughter as Squire John MeadowsJack Livesey as Tom RobinsonMarjorie Taylor as Susan MertonIan Colin as George FieldingLaurence Hanray as LawyerCrawleyD.J. Williams as Farmer MertonRoy Russell as Reverend Mr. EdenJohn Singer as Matthew JosephsLeonard Sharp as BradshawMavis Villiers as BettyCecilBevan as Prison InspectorDouglas Stewart as Prison InspectorJack Vyvian as InnkeeperCritical receptionTV Guide wrote, "Great fun in the old cloak-and-daggermelodrama style...Played in an exaggerated, bigger-than-life manner, this melodrama is a good enough outing, particularly for fans of camp." and Sky Movieswrote, "As usual, Tod Slaughter ignores the intimacy of the film medium and roars through this movie at full throttle, giving the kind of marvellously stormingperformance that would easily have reached the back row of the upper circle...David MacDonald is more a referee than a conventional director, coming up with ahighly entertaining slice of ripe and fruity hokum."Passage 6:Alex Smith (golfer)Alexander Smith (28 January 1874 – 21 April 1930) was a Scottish-Americanprofessional golfer who played in the late 19th and early 20th century. He was a member of a famous Scottish golfing family. His brother Willie won the U.S. Openin 1899, and Alex won it in both 1906 and 1910. Like many British professionals of his era he spent much of his adult life working as a club professional in theUnited States.Early lifeSmith was born in Carnoustie, Scotland, on 28 January 1874, the son of John D. Smith and Joann Smith née Robinson. On 18 January1895 he was married to Jessie Maiden—sister of James Maiden—and they had two daughters, Fannie and Margaret, born in 1896 and 1899, respectively. Smithwas sometimes referred to as "Alec" Smith, especially early in his career.Golf careerHe was the head professional at Nassau Country Club in Glen Cove, New York,from 1901 through 1909. James Maiden, who would forge a successful golf career of his own, served as assistant professional under Smith at Nassau.In 1901,Smith lost to Willie Anderson in a playoff for the U.S. Open title. Smith's 1906 U.S. Open victory came at the Onwentsia Club in Lake Forest, Illinois. His 72-holescore of 295 was the lowest at either the U.S. Open or the British Open up to that time, and he won $300. The 1910 U.S. Open was played over the St. Martin'scourse at the Philadelphia Cricket Club. Smith won a three-man playoff against American John McDermott and another of his own brothers, Macdonald Smith.Alex Smith played in eighteen U.S. Opens in total and accumulated eleven top ten placings.Smith, who partnered with C. A. Dunning in the 1905 MetropolitanOpen four-ball tournament held on 16 September 1905 at Fox Hills Golf Club on Staten Island, tied for first place with George Low and Fred Herreshoff with ascore of 71. A playoff wasn't held due to the fact that Smith was also competing in the medal competition which he won from Willie Anderson.Smith also won the


Passage 1:Roy Rowland (film director)Roy Rowland (December 31, 1910 – June 29, 1995) was an American film director. The New York-born director helmed anumber of films in the 1950s and 1960s including Our Vines Have Tender Grapes, Meet Me in Las Vegas, Rogue Cop, The 5000 Fingers of Doctor T, and The GirlHunters. Rowland married Ruth Cummings, the niece of Louis B. Mayer and sister of Jack Cummings (MGM producer/director). They had one son, Steve Rowland,born in 1932, who later became a music producer in the UK.BiographyEarly lifeRoy Rowland was born in Brooklyn, the son of Russian Jewish immigrants. Thefamily moved to Edendale, California, when Roy was ten. He graduated from the University of Southern California with a law degree before beginning his career atMetro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) as a script clerk. He then began working as a prop man, grip, and assistant cameraman. In 1927 he met Ruth Cummings at theSanta Monica Beach Club. She was the niece of Louis B. Mayer and the sister of producer Jack Cummings. Her family disapproved of Rowlands, so they eloped.This resulted in Rowland being blacklisted. But Ruth Cummings arranged a rapprochement with Mayer.He was assistant director on most of the Tarzan films,starring Johnny Weissmuller in the 1930s.Short filmsRowland made his reputation directing short films, particularly the "How to" series of shorts starring RobertBenchley. One of them, How to Sleep (1937), won an Academy Award. He also worked with producer Pete Smith as the director of several of the short films in thePete Smith Specialties series, and directed several of the short films in the Crime Does Not Pay series.FeaturesRowland's debut feature was A Stranger in Town(1943). He made three films with the child actress Margaret O'Brien: Lost Angel (1943), Our Vines Have Tender Grapes (1945), and Tenth Avenue Angel (1948).He also directed musicals such as Hit the Deck (1955), Meet Me in Las Vegas (1956), and The Seven Hills of Rome (1957). He also made The 5,000 Fingers of Dr.T. (1953), from a story by Dr. Seuss. He directed Many Rivers to Cross with Robert Taylor and Gun Glory (1957) with Stewart Granger and Rowland's sonSteve.Rowland was survived by his wife Ruth and their son.Partial filmographyHollywood Party (1934) – co-directorSunkist Stars at Palm Springs (1936) –shortCinema Circus (1937) – shortHollywood Party (1937) – shortSong of Revolt (1937) – shortHow to Start the Day (1937) – shortA Night at the Movies (1937)– short film with Robert BenchleyMusic Made Simple (1938) – shortAn Evening Alone (1938) – shortHow to Raise a Baby (1938) – shortThe Courtship of the Newt(1938) – shortHow to Read (1938) – shortHow to Watch Football (1938) – shortOpening Day (1938) – shortMental Poise (1938) – shortHow to Sub-Let (1939) –shortAn Hour for Lunch (1939) – shortDark Magic (1939) – shortHome Early (1939) – shortHow to Eat (1939) – shortThink First (1939) – shortJack Pot (1940) –shortPlease Answer (1940) – short (documentary)You, the People (1940) – shortSucker List (1941) – shortChanged Identity (1941) – shortA Stranger in Town(1943)Lost Angel (1943)Our Vines Have Tender Grapes (1945)Boys' Ranch (1946)The Romance of Rosy Ridge (1947)Killer McCoy (1947)Tenth Avenue Angel(1948)Scene of the Crime (1949)The Outriders (1950)Two Weeks with Love (1950)Excuse My Dust (1951)Bugles in the Afternoon (1952)The 5,000 Fingers of Dr.T (1953)Affair with a Stranger (1953)The Moonlighter (1953)Rogue Cop (1954)Witness to Murder (1954)Light's Diamond Jubilee (1954, TV special, with six otherdirectors)Many Rivers to Cross (1955)Hit the Deck (1955)Meet Me in Las Vegas (1956)These Wilder Years (1956)Slander (1956)Gun Glory (1957)Seven Hills ofRome (1957)The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp (1959–60, TV series) – also producerThe Girl Hunters (1963) – also writerGunfighters of Casa Grande (1964)ManCalled Gringo (1965)The Sea Pirate (1966) – also producerIl grande colpo di Surcouf (1966)Land Raiders (1970) – associate producer onlyPassage2:QuerelleQuerelle is a 1982 West German-French English-language arthouse film directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder and starring Brad Davis, adapted fromFrench author Jean Genet's 1947 novel Querelle of Brest. It was Fassbinder's last film, released shortly after his death at the age of 37.PlotThe plot centers on thehandsome Belgian sailor Georges Querelle, who is also a thief and murderer. When his ship, Le Vengeur, arrives in Brest, he visits the Feria, a bar and brothel forsailors run by the Madame Lysiane, whose lover, Robert, is Querelle's brother. Querelle has a love/hate relationship with his brother: when they meet at La Feria,they embrace, but also punch one another slowly and repeatedly in the belly. Lysiane's husband Nono works behind the bar and also manages La Feria'sunderhanded affairs with the assistance of his friend, the corrupt police captain Mario.Querelle makes a deal to sell opium to Nono. During the execution of thedeal, he murders his accomplice Vic by slitting his throat.  After delivering the drugs, Querelle announces that he wants to sleep with Lysiane.  He knows that thismeans he will have to throw dice with Nono, who has the privilege of playing a game of chance with all of her prospective lovers. If Nono loses, the suitor isallowed to proceed with his affair. If the suitor loses, however, he must submit to anal sex with Nono first, according to Nono's maxim that "That way, I can saymy wife only sleeps with arseholes." Querelle deliberately loses the game, allowing himself to be sodomized by Nono. When Nono gloats about Querelle's "loss" toRobert, who won his dice game, the brothers end up in a violent fight.  Later, Querelle becomes Lysiane's lover, and also has sex with Mario.Luckily for Querelle,a builder, Gil, murders his work mate Theo, who had been harassing and sexually assaulting him.  Gil hides from the police in an abandoned prison, and Roger,who is in love with Gil, establishes contact between Querelle and Gil in the hopes that Querelle can help Gil flee. Querelle falls in love with Gil, who closelyresembles his brother.  Gil returns his affections, but Querelle betrays Gil by tipping off the police. Querelle cleverly arranged it so that the murder of Vic is alsoblamed on Gil.Querelle's superior, Lieutenant Seblon, is in love with Querelle, and constantly tries to prove his manliness to him. Seblon is aware that Querellemurdered Vic, but chooses to protect him.  Later, Seblon reveals his love and concern to a drunken Querelle, and they kiss and embrace before returning to LeVengeur.CastBrad Davis as QuerelleFranco Nero as Lieutenant SeblonJeanne Moreau as LysianeLaurent Malet as Roger BatailleHanno Pöschl as Robert /GilGünther Kaufmann as NonoBurkhard Driest as MarioRoger Fritz as MarcellinDieter Schidor as Vic RivetteNatja Brunckhorst as PauletteWerner Asam asWorkerAxel Bauer as WorkerNeil Bell as TheoRobert van Ackeren as Drunken legionnaireWolf Gremm as Drunken legionnaireFrank Ripploh as DrunkenlegionnaireProductionAccording to Genet's biographer Edmund White, Querelle was originally going to be made by Werner Schroeter, with a scenario by BurkhardDriest, and produced by Dieter Schidor. However, Schidor could not find the money to finance a film by Schroeter, and therefore turned to other directors,including John Schlesinger and Sam Peckinpah, before finally settling on Fassbinder. Driest wrote a radically different script for Fassbinder, who then "took thelinear narrative and jumbled it up". White quotes Schidor as saying "Fassbinder did something totally different, he took the words of Genet and tried to meditateon something other than the story. The story became totally unimportant for him. He also said publicly that the story was a sort of third-rate police story thatwouldn't be worth making a movie about without putting a particular moral impact into it".Schroeter had wanted to make a black and white film with amateuractors and location shots, but Fassbinder instead shot it with professional actors in a lurid, expressionist color, and on sets in the studio. Edmund White commentsthat the result is a film in which, "Everything is bathed in an artificial light and the architectural elements are all symbolic."SoundtrackJeanne Moreau – "Each ManKills the Things He Loves" (music by Peer Raben, lyrics from Oscar Wilde's poem "The Ballad of Reading Gaol")"Young and Joyful Bandit" (Music by Peer Raben,lyrics by Jeanne Moreau)Both songs were nominated to the 1984 Razzie Awards for "Worst Original Song".ReleaseQuerelle sold more than 100,000 tickets in thefirst three weeks after its release in Paris, the first time that a film with a gay theme had achieved such success. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, whichcategorizes reviews as positive or negative only, the film has an approval rating of 57% calculated based on 14 critics comments. By comparison, with the sameopinions being calculated using a weighted arithmetic mean, the rating is 6.10/10. Writing for The New York Times critic Vincent Canby noted that Querelle was "amess...a detour that leads to a dead end."Penny Ashbrook calls Querelle Fassbinder's "perfect epitaph: an intensely personal statement that is the mostuncompromising portrayal of gay male sensibility to come from a major filmmaker." Edmund White considers Querelle the only film based on Genet's book thatworks, calling it "visually as artificial and menacing as Genet's prose." Genet, in discussion with Schidor, said that he had not seen the film, commenting "Youcan't smoke at the movies."Passage 3:Angna EntersAnita "Angna" Enters (April 18, 1897 – February 25, 1989) was an American dancer, mime, painter, writer,novelist and playwright. She studied at the Art Students League of New York and was a 1934 Guggenheim fellow. She wrote a novel and three autobiographies aswell as the films Lost Angel (1943) and Tenth Avenue Angel (1948).Early lifeEnters was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and graduated from North Division HighSchool in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. She saw the first Denishawn concert tour in 1925, and the following year, an American tour of Sergei Diaghilev's Les BalletsRusses.Emergence as a dancerEnters moved to New York to study at the Art Students League of New York in 1920, and began to study dance with Michio Itō thefollowing year, eventually performing as Michio's partner in 1933. That year she created her first piece, an evocation of a statue of a Gothic Virgin, entitledEcclesiastique. The piece later became Moyen Age. In 1934, she borrowed $25 with which to present her first solo program at the Greenwich Village Theater. Hersolo program, The Theatre of Angna Enters, toured the United States and Europe until 1939 and was performed, though less often, until 1960. In 1934, Enterswas awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship to study Hellenistic art forms in Athens, Greece.Visual artistEnters created a large body of visual art, including sketches,landscape drawings, archaeological studies, costume plates, water colors and oil portraits. Many of her sketches and paintings were exhibited in the United Statesand Europe. Her sketches were often costume designs for characters of her mime performances or set designs for plays. The Metropolitan Museum of Art in NewYork holds selected works by Enters, as do other museums.Personal lifeEnters met journalist Louis Kantor in 1921. The two began dating secretly in 1924, wed


Passage 1:Infanta Adelgundes, Duchess of GuimarãesInfanta Adelgundes, Duchess of Guimarães (10 November 1858 – 15 April 1946) was the fifth child andfourth daughter of Miguel of Portugal and his wife Adelaide of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg. A member of the House of Braganza by birth, Adelgundes becamea member of the House of Bourbon-Parma through her marriage to Prince Henry of Bourbon-Parma, Count of Bardi. She was also the Regent of the MonarchicRepresentation of Portugal and for that reason assumed the title of Duchess of Guimarães, usually reserved for the Head of the House.Early lifeAdelgundes deJesus Maria Francisca de Assis e de Paula Adelaide Eulália Leopoldina Carlota Micaela Rafaela Gabriela Gonzaga Inês Isabel Avelina Ana Estanislau SofiaBernardina, Infanta de Portugal, Duquesa de Guimarães, was born in Bronnbach, Wertheim, Germany. Her father died on November 14, 1866, a few days afterher eighth birthday, and Adelgundes and her siblings were educated in a Catholic and conservative environment by their mother. Her maternal uncle, Prince Carlzu Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg, was like a second father to the children.MarriageAdelgundes married Prince Henry of Bourbon-Parma, Count of Bardi, fourthchild and youngest son of Charles III, Duke of Parma and his wife Princess Louise Marie Thérèse of France, on 15 October 1876 in Salzburg, Austria-Hungary.Henry, who was 25 years old, had been previously married to Princess Luisa Immacolata of the Two Sicilies, who had died three months after their marriage atthe age of 19 in 1874. Henry had taken part in the Carlist war and fought in the Battle of Lacar. War wounds turned him into an invalid.Their union produced noissue, as her nine pregnancies all ended in miscarriages. The failed pregnancies, the last of which she suffered in 1890, were a source of great grief to the couple.They divided their time between the Castle of Seebenstein in Austria and the Ca' Vendramin Calergi in Venice. After almost 30 years of marriage, Adelgundesbecame a widow in 1905.She was close to her many nephews and nieces, particularly Grand Duchess Marie-Adélaïde of Luxembourg, from the time of herabdication to her early death.. The composer, Richard Wagner died of a heart attack at the age of 69 on 13 February 1883 at Ca' Vendramin Calergi, a16th-century palazzo on the Grand Canal as a guest of Prince Henry, Count of Bardi and Infanta Adelgundes.Regent-in-absentiaBetween 1920 and 1928,Adelgundes acted as the regent-in-absentia on behalf of her nephew and Miguelist claimant to the Portuguese throne, Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza, who wasonly twelve years old when his father Miguel renounced his claim to the throne in his favor. At the beginning of her regency in 1920, Adelgundes assumed the titleof Duchess of Guimarães. In 1921 she authored a manifesto outlining the House of Braganza's goals for the restoration of the Portuguese monarchy. During herregency, the ex-King Manuel II of Portugal agreed that owing to an heir, the rights of succession could pass to Duarte Nuno (although Duarte Nuno's grandfatherMiguel I of Portugal was excluded from the throne and the Miguelist line deprived of its dynastic rights of succession). But Infanta Adelgundes failing to get anagreement mentioning the reestablishment of a traditional monarchy, the Integralists withheld their support to an accord, and on September 1925,  Adelgundes,in a letter to King Manuel, repudiated the incomplete agreement. Since any pact resolved the issue of succession (former Dover Pact and Paris Pact having beenboth repudiated) and without known documents, there was no direct heir to the defunct throne, but at the death of King Manuel, however, the monarchistIntegralismo Lusitano movement acclaimed Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza as King of Portugal. Duarte Nuno lived with Adelgundes at Seebenstein until theGerman occupation of Austria when the whole family relocated to Bern, Switzerland, where she died in Gunten on 15 April 1946 at age 87.AncestryPassage2:Carlota Joaquina of SpainDoña Carlota Joaquina Teresa Cayetana of Spain (25 April 1775 – 7 January 1830) was Queen of Portugal and Brazil as the wife ofKing Dom John VI. She was the daughter of King Don Charles IV of Spain and Maria Luisa of Parma.Detested by the Portuguese court — where she was called"the Shrew of Queluz" (Portuguese: a Megera de Queluz) — Carlota Joaquina gradually won the antipathy of the people, who accused her of promiscuity andinfluencing her husband in favor of the interests of the Spanish crown. After the escape of the Portuguese court to Brazil, she began conspiring against herhusband, claiming that he had no mental capacity to govern Portugal and its possessions, thus wanting to establish a regency. She also planned to usurp theSpanish crown that was in the hands of Napoleon's brother, Joseph Bonaparte.After the marriage in 1817 of her son Pedro with the Archduchess Leopoldina ofAustria and the later return of the royal family to Portugal in 1821, Carlota Joaquina was confined in the Royal Palace of Queluz, where she died alone andabandoned by her children on 7 January, 1830.LifeChildhoodBorn in the Royal Palace of Aranjuez on 25 April 1775 as the second (but eldest surviving) child ofCharles, Prince of Asturias, and his wife Maria Luisa of Parma, she was baptized with the names of Carlota Joaquina Teresa Cayetana, but she was called only byher first name, Carlota, a name that honored both her father and paternal grandfather, King Charles III of Spain—Carlota was his favorite granddaughter. Despitethe rigidity of her education and court etiquette, the Infanta was described as mischievous and playful.She received a rigid and deeply Catholic education, withbases in the fields of study of religion, geography, painting, and riding (Carlota's favorite sport). The closed and austere temperament of the Spanish monarchyimposed on the family and on the whole court rigid norms of behavior and etiquette. King Charles III, a man of reserved behavior, devoted more time to hisfamily than to the animations of the courtesan life, where his daughter-in-law Maria Luisa took an active part. Carlota's mother soon assumed the organization ofentertainments at court, with luxurious parties, where morals were easily forgotten. Soon the Princess of Asturias' image would be linked to that of a promiscuouswoman who betrayed her husband to other men. Among them, possibly, was the Prime Minister Manuel Godoy, whose alleged love affair was widely explored bythe press at the time. Not even the successive pregnancies and long-hoped birth of a living male heir to the throne in 1784 saved Maria Luísa from the contemptof the population. She would go down in history as one of the most unpopular queens in Spain and her bad reputation deeply affected her children, especiallyCarlota, the firstborn daughter.MarriageThe subject of Carlota Joaquina's marriage was arranged by both King Charles III and his sister Mariana Victoria, DowagerQueen of Portugal, in the late 1770s when Mariana went to Spain to encourage diplomatic relations between the estranged countries. Carlota Joaquina was tomarry Infante John, Duke of Beja (youngest grandson of Mariana Victoria), and Infante Gabriel of Spain (Carlota Joaquina's paternal uncle) was to marry InfantaMariana Vitória of Portugal (only surviving granddaughter and namesake of the Dowager Queen of Portugal).Carlota's apprenticeship would be tested when sheunderwent a series of public examinations in front of the Spanish court and Portuguese ambassadors sent on behalf of Queen Maria I of Portugal to evaluate thequalities of the princess destined to marry her second son. In October 1785, the Gazeta of Lisbon published an account of the tests:"Everything has satisfied socompletely that one can not express the admiration which such a vast instruction ought to cause at such a tender age: but...the decided talent with which Godhas endowed this most serene Lady, her prodigious memory, understanding and that everything is possible, especially with the awakening and capacity withwhich the above-mentioned master promotes such useful and glorious applications."Having proven the talent of the bride, there was therefore no impediment tothe union with the Portuguese prince, so on 8 May 1785 was celebrated the proxy marriage; three days later, on 11 May, the 10-year-old Carlota Joaquina andher retinue left Spain for Lisbon. On the day she left the Spanish court, Carlota Joaquina asked her mother to make a painting of her in a red dress to place on thewall, instead of the painting of Infanta Margaret Theresa of Spain (which Carlota Joaquina claimed to be more beautiful). As a part of the infanta cortege wereFather Felipe Scio, famous Spanish theologian and scholar, Emília O'Dempsy, as lady-in-waiting, and Anna Miquelina, personal maid of Carlota Joaquina. Theofficial wedding ceremony between Infante John of Portugal and Carlota Joaquina took place on 9 June 1785; she was only 10 years old while her husband was18. Due to the bride's young age, the consummation of the union was delayed until 9 January 1790, when Carlota Joaquina was then able to conceive and bearchildren.Life in the Portuguese courtNevertheless, the climate in the Braganza court differed in many respects from that of the cheerful Spanish court. While inother parts of the Europe they represented the mark of a new society based on the Age of Enlightenment principles, in Portugal the Catholic Church still imposednorms prohibiting all types of amusement. The dramatization of comedies was banned, including the performance of dances and parties. The reign of Queen MariaI was marked by the rise of a conservative group of the nobility and clergy of Portugal; an extremely "boredom" environment, as defined by Dowager QueenMariana Victoria (Carlota Joaquina's great-aunt). In this way, Carlota Joaquina found herself in the midst of a very religious and austere environment, in contrastto the extravagance and the faust to which she was accustomed. Despite this, her relationship with her mother-in-law was very tender, as the letters exchangedbetween them proved. The joy and vivacity of Carlota were responsible for the rare hours of relaxation of the Queen.Her more liberal habits and customs differedin many ways from that of other women at court. Quite traditional in relation to female behavior, Portuguese men disapproved of the ease with which CarlotaJoaquina transited in public space, her performance in the political field and her distemper in the family routine. Since most Portuguese women were deprived ofsocial life, Carlota Joaquina's offending behavior allowed some malicious rumors about her in the court. Some of them were prejudiced, like the Duchess ofAbrantès, wife of the French General Junot, who later invaded Portugal. During her time in Lisbon, Madame Junot had ridiculed Carlota Joaquina both for hermanner of acting and for her dressing, and she had slain her as an extremely ugly woman.Princess of BrazilIn 1788, when his eldest brother Joseph, Prince ofBrazil died, Infante John became the first in line to his mother's throne. Soon he received the titles Prince of Brazil and 15th Duke of Braganza. Between 1788 and1816, Carlota Joaquina was known as Princess of Brazil as the wife of the heir-apparent of the Portuguese throne. Some scholars believe that she has had a rough


Passage 1:Melis AbzalovMelis Abzalov (Uzbek: Melis Abzalov, Мелис Абзалов; Russian: Мелис Абзалов; November 18, 1938  – October 26, 2016) was an Uzbekactor, film director, screenwriter, and film producer. His most famous films include Suyunchi (1982), Kelinlar qozgoloni (1984), Armon (1986), and Otgankunlar (1997).Abzalov is celebrated as one of the founders and prominent members of the Uzbek film making industry. During his lifetime, he received manyhonorary titles and awards, including the title Meritorious Artist of Uzbekistan (1987).Life and workMelis Oripovich Abzalov was born on November 18, 1938, inYangiyul, then the Uzbek SSR. He graduated from the Ostrovsky Tashkent Theatre Arts Institute in 1961. A year later, in 1962, he started working at Uzbekfilm.He died on October 26, 2016, in Stockholm.FilmographyAs directorChinor tagidagi duel (Russian: Дуэль под чинарой) (The Duel under a PlaneTree)  (1979)Suyunchi (Russian: Бабушка-генерал) (1982)Kelinlar qozgoloni (Russian: Бунт невесток) (The Rebellion of the Brides) (1985)Armon (Russian:Уходя, остаются) (Sorrow) (1986)Maysaraning ishi (Russian: Восточная плутовка) (The Case of Maysara) (1989)Otgan kunlar (Russian: Минувшие дни)(Days Gone By) (1997)Chimildiq (1999)Meshpolvon (2000)Baribir hayot gozal (Russian: Жизнь прекрасна или киллер поневоле) (After All, Life is Good)(2004)Sirli sirtmoq (The Secret Trap) (2008)Taziyadagi toy (Russian: Свадьба на поминках) (The Wedding at a Funeral) (2010)As actorLaylak keldi, yozboldi (Russian: Белые, белые аисты) (White Storks) (1966) (not credited)Влюбленные (The Lovers) (1969)Седьмая пуля (The Seventh Bullet) (1972)Встречии расставания (Meetings and Partings) (1973)Поклонник (The Worshiper) (1973)Ты, песня моя (You, My Song) (1975)Inson qushlar ortidan boradi (Russian:Человек уходит за птицами) (Man is after the Birds) (1975)Далекие близкие годы (Far, Near Years) (1976)Птицы наших надежд (The Birds of Our Hopes)(1976)Седьмой джинн (The Seventh Genie) (1976)Буйный «Лебедь» (The Wild "Swan") (1977)Qoqon voqeasi (Russian: Это было в Коканде) (This Happenedin Kokand) (1977)Olovli yollar (Russian: Огненные дороги) (The Fiery Roads) (1978) (series)Любовь моя — революция (My Love — Revolution)(1981)Встреча у высоких снегов (The Meeting at High Snow Mountains) (1982)Новые приключения Акмаля (The New Adventures of Akmal) (1983) (notcredited)Уроки на завтра (Lessons for Tomorrow) (1983)Прощай, зелень лета... (Good-Bye, Summer) (1985) (not credited)Я тебя помню (I Remember You)(1985)Armon (Russian: Уходя, остаются) (Sorrow) (1986)Kлиника (The Clinic) (1987)Приключения Арслана (The Adventures of Arslan) (1988)Чудовище иликто-то другой (A Monster or Somebody Else) (1988)Maysaraning ishi (Russian: Восточная плутовка) (The Case of Maysara) (1989)Кодекс молчания (The Codeof Silence) (1989)Шок (Shock) (1989)La Batalla de los Tres Reyes (Russian: Битва трех королей) (Battle of the Three Kings) (1990)Tangalik bolalar (Russian:Мальчики из Танги) (1990) (not credited)Ангел в огне (The Angel on Fire) (1992)Маклер (The Broker) (1992)Shaytanat (Russian: Шайтанат — царство бесов)(1998)Alpomish (Russian: Алпомыш) (2000)Дронго (The Drongo) (2002)Синедиктум (Cinedictum) (2002)Devona (Russian: Влюбленный) (2004)Baribir hayotgozal (Russian: Жизнь прекрасна или киллер поневоле) (After All, Life is Good) (2004)Vatan (Fatherland) (2006)Ходжа Насреддин: Игра начинается (HodjaNasreddin: The Game Starts) (2006)Застава (The Outpost) (2007) (TV series)Tilla buva (Russian: Золотой дедушка) (Golden Grandpa) (2011)AsscreenwriterOtgan kunlar (Russian: Минувшие дни) (Days Gone By) (1997)AwardsAbzalov is celebrated as one of the founders of the Uzbek film makingindustry. He received many honorary titles and awards throughout his career, including the title Meritorious Artist of Uzbekistan (1987). In 2008, he received aShuhrat Order.Passage 2:Pham Viet Anh KhoaPhạm Việt Anh Khoa (born May 11, 1981) is a Vietnamese movie producer, entrepreneur and founder of SaigaFilms, notable by some of Victor Vu films  including  Inferno (2010), Battle of the Brides (2011), Blood letter (2012), Scandal (2012) và Battle of the Brides2FilmographyInferno – Giao Lo Dinh Menh (2010)Battle of the Brides (2011)Blood letter (2012)Scandal (2012)Battle of the Brides 2 (2013)The Mask(2016)Passage 3:Gaius Suetonius PaulinusGaius Suetonius Paulinus (fl. AD 40–69) was a Roman general best known as the commander who defeated therebellion of Boudica.Early lifeLittle is known of Suetonius' family, but it likely came from Pisaurum (modern Pesaro), a town on the Adriatic coast of Italy. He is notknown to be related to the biographer Suetonius.Mauretanian campaignHaving served as praetor in 40 AD, Suetonius was appointed governor of Mauretania thefollowing year. In collaboration with Gnaeus Hosidius Geta, he suppressed the revolt led by Aedemon in the mountainous province that arose from the executionof the local ruler by Caligula. In 41 AD Suetonius was the first Roman commander to lead troops across the Atlas Mountains, and Pliny the Elder quotes hisdescription of the area in his Natural History.Governor of BritainIn 58, before being consul, he was appointed governor of Britain, replacing Quintus Veranius, whohad died in office. He continued Veranius's policy of aggressively subduing the tribes of modern Wales, and was successful for his first two years in the post. Hisreputation as a general came to rival that of Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo. Two future governors served under him: Quintus Petillius Cerialis as legate of Legio IXHispana, and Gnaeus Julius Agricola as a military tribune attached to II Augusta, but seconded to Suetonius's staff.In 60 or 61 Suetonius made an assault on theisland of Mona (Anglesey), a refuge for British fugitives and a stronghold of the druids. The tribes of the south-east took advantage of his absence and staged arevolt, led by queen Boudica of the Iceni. The colonia of Camulodunum (Colchester) was destroyed, its inhabitants tortured, raped, and slaughtered, and PetilliusCerialis's legion routed. Suetonius brought Mona to terms and marched along the Roman road of Watling Street to Londinium (London), the rebels' next target,but judged he did not have the numbers to defend the city and ordered it evacuated. The Britons duly destroyed it, the citizens of Londinium suffering the samefate as those of Camulodunum, and then did the same to Verulamium (St Albans).Suetonius regrouped with the XIV Gemina, some detachments of the XX ValeriaVictrix, and all available auxiliaries. The II Augusta, based at Exeter, was available, but its prefect, Poenius Postumus, declined to heed the call. Nonetheless,Suetonius was able to assemble a force of about ten thousand men. Heavily outnumbered (the Britons numbered 230,000 according to Cassius Dio), the Romansstood their ground. The resulting battle took place at an unidentified location in a defile with a wood behind him, probably in the West Midlands somewhere alongWatling Street – at Cuttle Mill, 2 miles southeast of Towcester in Northamptonshire, in front of a narrow defile which answers the topographical description ofTacitus, human bones have been found over a large area; High Cross in Leicestershire and Manduessedum near the modern day town of Atherstone inWarwickshire have also been suggested - where Roman tactics and discipline triumphed over British numbers. The Britons' flight was impeded by the presence oftheir own families, whom they had stationed in a ring of wagons at the edge of the battlefield, and defeat turned into slaughter. Tacitus heard reports that almosteighty thousand Britons were killed, compared to only four hundred Romans. Boudica poisoned herself, and Postumus, having denied his men a share in thevictory, fell on his sword.Suetonius reinforced his army with legionaries and auxiliaries from Germania and conducted punitive operations against any remainingpockets of resistance, but this proved counterproductive. The new procurator, Gaius Julius Alpinus Classicianus, expressed concern to the Emperor Nero thatSuetonius's activities would only lead to continued hostilities. An inquiry was set up under Nero's freedman, Polyclitus, and an excuse, that Suetonius had lostsome ships, was found to relieve him of his command. He was replaced by the more conciliatory Publius Petronius Turpilianus. But Suetonius was not disgraced: alead tessera found in Rome features both his and Nero's names and symbols of victory, and a man named Gaius Suetonius Paulinus was consul in 66, either a sonof the same name  or the general himself appointed for a second time.Year of Four EmperorsIn 69, during the year of civil wars that followed the death of Nero(see Year of Four Emperors), he was one of Otho's senior generals and military advisors. He and Aulus Marius Celsus defeated Aulus Caecina Alienus, one ofVitellius's generals, near Cremona, but Suetonius would not allow his men to follow up their advantage and was accused of treachery as a result. When Caecinajoined his forces with those of Fabius Valens, Suetonius advised Otho not to risk a battle but was overruled, leading to Otho's decisive defeat at Bedriacum.Suetonius was captured by Vitellius and obtained a pardon by claiming that he had deliberately lost the battle for Otho, although this was almost certainly untrue.His eventual fate remains unknown.NotesPassage 4:The Rebellion of the BridesThe Rebellion of the Brides (Uzbek: Келинлар ўзолони, romanized: Kelinlarqozgoloni; Russian: Бунт невесток) is a 1984 Uzbek comedy film based on an eponymous play by the Uzbek writer Said Ahmad and directed by MelisAbzalov. Kelinlar qozgvoloni is one of the most critically acclaimed Uzbek films of the Soviet period. Like Melis Abzalov's previous film Suyunchi, Kelinlarqozgoloni tells the story of an authoritative grandmother.PlotFarmon bibi (played by Tursunoy Jafarova) is a wise and loving, but strict mother who liveswith the families of her seven sons in one house. Nigora, the wife of her youngest son, rebels against Farmon Bibi and the other wives sympathize with her. Inone scene, the mother and her daughters-in-law go to the bazaar. Toward the end of the film, Farmon bibi changes her attitude and gives in to the demands ofher daughters-in-law.Passage 5:Le Masque de la MéduseLe masque de la Méduse (English: The Mask of Medusa) is a 2009 fantasy horror film directed by JeanRollin. The film is a modern-day telling of the Greek mythological tale of the Gorgon and was inspired by the 1964 classic Hammer Horror film of the same nameand the 1981 cult classic Clash of the Titans. It was Rollin's final film, as the director died in 2010.CastSimone Rollin as la MéduseSabine Lenoël as EuryaleMarlèneDelcambre as SthénoJuliette Moreau as JulietteDelphine Montoban as CorneliusJean-Pierre Bouyxou as le gardienBernard Charnacé as le collectionneurAgnèsPierron as la colleuse d'affiche au Grand-GuignolGabrielle Rollin as la petite contrebassisteJean Rollin as l'homme qui enterre la têteThomas Smith asThomasProductionIt was thought that Rollin's 2007 film La nuit des horloges was the final film of his career, as he had mentioned in the past. However, in 2009,


Passage 1:Nancy BaronNancy Baron is an American rock singer who was active in New York City in the early 1960s, known for the singles "Where Did My JimmyGo?" and "I've Got A Feeling".Early lifeBorn into a family of singers and writers, Baron was introduced to many musical genres by her family at an early age.Noting her singing talents, her parents brought their young child to auditions for musical theater productions in New York City. The singer joined Glee clubs atschool and formed her own female singing groups at school. At the age of 11, she heard her first "Rock and Roll" song. This affected her taste in music and desireto emulate the style; it was the first time she heard a Rock group with a female lead singer. This was significant since she realized that she could be a leadsinger.Recording careerAt the age of 15, her parents sent her for vocal coaching in Manhattan, N.Y. After a while her coach sent her to record a demonstrationrecord in a sound studio near Broadway. Upon hearing her sing, the sound engineer contacted his friend who was a producer of a small record company in N.Y.C.;he was impressed by her voice and immediately signed her to a contract. The singer's mother co-signed the document since Baron was a fifteen-year-old minor atthe time.Baron became one of the many girl group/girl sound singers of the early 1960s. Baron was not a member of a group; her producers would hire "pay forhire" backup groups for her recordings. This "sound" as it is referred to had much to do with Phil Spector, one of its major creators; Spector produced recordingsof this genre prolifically. The groups were composed of young adult or teenage girls, each with a lead singer and any number of back up singers.At the time, thetroubled label (a small N.Y.C. record company owned by Wally Zober) could not promote Baron's "I've Got A Feeling"/"Oh Yeah" 45 vinyl and so she eventuallysigned a contract with Jerry Goldstein producer of FGG productions, also located in Manhattan. "Where Did My Jimmy Go"/"Tra la la, I Love You" was the result(Diamond).Later lifeBaron left the music industry at the age of 19, choosing to enter higher education due to changes in the music industry of those days; sheeventually received an advanced degree.Baron's "I've Got a Feeling" was covered by The Secret Sisters on their 2010 self-titled album as well as being releasedas a single. AllMusic describes Baron's song as "an early-'60s pop/rock obscurity".Passage 2:Elizabeth Brooke (1503–1560)Elizabeth Brooke, Lady Wyatt(1503–1560) was the wife of Sir Thomas Wyatt, the poet, and the mother of Thomas Wyatt the younger who led Wyatt's Rebellion against Mary I. Her parentswere Thomas Brooke, 8th Baron Cobham and Dorothy Heydon, the daughter of Sir Henry Heydon.  She was the sister of George Brooke, 9th Baron Cobham andwas considered a possible candidate for the sixth wife of Henry VIII of England.Marriage and issueElizabeth married twice.First MarriageIn 1520, Elizabethmarried Sir Thomas Wyatt (1503 – 6 October 1542) and a year later, bore him a son:Sir Thomas (1521–1554), who led an unsuccessful rebellion against Mary Iin 1554. The aim of the rebellion was to replace the Catholic Queen Mary with her Protestant half-sister, Elizabeth.Early in the marriage, marital difficulties arose,with Wyatt claiming they were  'chiefly'  her fault. He repudiated her as an adulteress, although there is no record linking her with any specific man. Elizabethseparated from Thomas Wyatt in 1526 and he supported her until around 1537, when he refused to do so any longer and sent her to live with her brother, LordCobham. In that same year, Lord Cobham attempted to force Wyatt to continue his financial support. He refused. It wasn't until 1541, when Wyatt, accused oftreason, was arrested and his properties confiscated, that the Brooke family was able to force a reconciliation as a condition for Wyatt’s pardon.In a letter toCharles V, the imperial ambassador, Eustace Chapuys wrote that Wyatt had been released from the Tower at the request of Catherine Howard. Chapuys notedthat the king had imposed two conditions; that Wyatt  'confess his guilt'  and that  'he should take back his wife from whom he had been separated upwards of 15years, on pain of death if he be untrue to her henceforth.'  There is no evidence that this provision was ever enforced or existed. After pursuing Anne Boleyn,before her relationship with the King, Wyatt had begun a long-term affair with Elizabeth Darrell and he continued his association with his mistress.On 14 February1542, the night after Catherine Howard had been condemned to death for adultery, Henry VIII held a dinner for many men and women. The king was said to havepaid great attention to Elizabeth and to Anne Basset and both were thought to be possible choices for his sixth wife. In early 1542, more than a year beforeWyatt’s death, Elizabeth Brooke's name appeared in Spanish dispatches as one of three ladies in whom Henry VIII was said to be interested as a possible sixthwife.The imperial ambassador, Chapuys, wrote that the lady for whom the king "showed the greatest regard was a sister of Lord Cobham, whom Wyatt, sometime ago, divorced for adultery. She is a pretty young creature, with wit enough to do as badly as the others if she were to try." It would appear that theambassador was mistaken, as at the time, Elizabeth Brooke was nearly forty years old. Perhaps Elizabeth Brooke had been confused with her beautiful youngniece, Elisabeth Brooke, the eldest daughter of George Brooke, 9th Baron Cobham, who married William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton. Elisabeth Brooke,Lord Cobham’s daughter, may have been at court on this occasion, since she was definitely there the following year. She would have been nearly sixteen inJanuary 1542 and in later years was accounted one of the most beautiful women of her time. More important to a king who had just rid himself of a wife(Catherine Howard) who had committed adultery, this second  Elisabeth had a spotless reputation.Second marriageFollowing Wyatt’s death, Elizabeth Brookemarried Sir Edward Warner (1511–1565), of Polstead Hall and Plumstead, Norfolk,  Lord Lieutenant of the Tower. The couple had three sons:Edward, who died ininfancyThomasHenryWarner was removed from his position on July 28, 1553, at the start of the reign of Mary I, and was arrested on suspicion of treason thefollowing January at his house in Carter Lane when Thomas Wyatt the younger rebelled against the Crown. Warner was held for nearly a year. Elizabeth’s son wasexecuted. Edward, the son she had with Warner, died young. Two other sons died in infancy. The family fortunes were restored under Elizabeth I and Warnerreclaimed his post at the Tower of London. His wife died there in August 1560 and was buried within its precincts.AncestryPassage 3:Elizabeth JocelinElizabethBrooke Jocelin (sometimes spelled "Joceline" or "Joscelin") was an English writer believed to have lived from 1595–1622. She is best known for her work TheMother's Legacy to her Vnborn Child. The book was first published two years after Jocelin's death in childbirth.Early lifeShe was the daughter of Sir Richard Brookeof Norton, Cheshire, and his wife Joan, daughter of William Chaderton, bishop of Lincoln. Her parents separated, and her mother returned home. Jocelin'sgrandfather, Bishop Chaderton, was mainly responsible for her upbringing. Elizabeth's childhood was therefore passed in the house of Bishop Chaderton, whoeducated her. She was extremely well versed in art, religion and language. According to her editor Thomas Goad, she had an exceptional memory.Later lifeIn1616 she married Tourell Jocelin of Cambridgeshire. Foreboding her death in childbirth, she wrote a letter which gently but earnestly exhorted her son ordaughter to piety and good conduct; and a letter to her husband, giving him advice as to the bringing up of the child. These works are thought to have beenwritten at Crowlands, Oakington. She bore a daughter on 12 October 1622, and died nine days afterwards. The child, named Theodora, became the wife ofSamuel Fortrey.The Jocelins appeared to lead a rather happy marriage, one that appeared to be mainly based on genuine love. In The Mother's Legacy to herVnborn Child Jocelin writes of how excited she is to be carrying her husband's child and that they have been working together to plan the best possible life fortheir childJocelin is noted for being "one of the most notable young women of the times of James I”The LegacieThe Legacie was first published in 1624 with a longApprobation by Thomas Goad giving some account of Elizabeth Jocelin's life. The second edition is dated 1624 and the third 1625. An exact reprint of the thirdedition, with an introduction by an anonymous Edinburgh editor, appeared in 1852. The edition printed at Oxford, 'for the satisfaction of the person of qualityherein concerned,' in 1684, and reprinted at the end of C. H. Cranford's Sermons in 1840, is an altered one, the editor having made changes in religious matters.The manuscript of the Legacie is in the British Museum (Addit. MS. 27467). It is still somewhat contentious whether the manuscript is by Jocelin, and whetherGoad's editorial work brought in substantive change in the content.Jocelin wrote The Mother’s Legacy to her Vnborn Child during the Early Modern period whenwomen were typically defined by their existence in the domestic sphere. Jocelin's work kept in line with the expectations of women during the period because ofher clear dedication to her position as a mother.One of the idiosyncratic things about the mother's advice text is Jocelin's choice of tone and word use to insurethat whether her child is a boy or a girl he or she will be able to follow the advice she leaves behind. There are clearly different expectations and techniques toraising a son or daughter and Jocelin makes sure to acknowledge these differences while leaving advice for both. For example, she addresses her daughter torespect, obey and be a good mother. Jocelin writes about her desire to protect her daughter “from a potentially difficult and uncomfortable way of life.” Jocelinhas been criticised for her different approaches to raising her child based on its gender. Much like women of her time Jocelin desired for her daughter to beacceptable to society even if it meant limiting her intelligence or unhappiness.One of the largest parts of The Mother’s Legacy to her Vnborn Child is the religiousadvice that Jocelin offers to her unborn child. She urges the child to pray regularly, avoid temptations, acknowledge holy days and be charitable.The tone of thebook is one filled with optimism and pride over becoming a new mother. Jocelin is clearly excited about meeting her child even though she seems to understandthat birthing the child will be a great risk to herself.Much of the books instruction is directed toward Jocelin's husband including how to properly select a wet nursefor their child if Elizabeth should die.Excerpts from The Mother's Legacy to her Vnborn Child:“I desire her bringing up may bee learning the Bible, as my sistersdoe, good housewifery, writing, and good works: other learning a woman needs not; though I admire it in those whom God hath blest with descretion, yet Idesired not much in my owne, having seene that sometimes women have greater portions of learning than wisdome, which is of no better use to them than a


Passage 1:Ian Barry (director)Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV.Select creditsWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)Stone (1974) (editor only)The ChainReaction (1980)Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)Minnamurra (1989)Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)Crimebroker(1993)Inferno (1998) (TV movie)Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)TheDoctor Blake Mysteries (2013)Passage 2:The Seventh Company OutdoorsThe Seventh Company Outdoors (French: La Septième Compagnie au clair de lune) is a1977 French comedy film directed by Robert Lamoureux. It is a sequel to Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?.CastJean Lefebvre - PithivierPierre Mondy -ChaudardHenri Guybet - TassinPatricia Karim - Suzanne ChaudardGérard Hérold - Le commandant GillesGérard Jugnot - GorgetonJean Carmet - M. Albert, lepasseurAndré Pousse - LambertMichel BertoPassage 3:Now Where Did the 7th Company Get to?Now Where Did the 7th Company Get To? (French: Mais où estdonc passée la septième compagnie?) is a 1973 French-Italian comedy war film directed by Robert Lamoureux. The film portrays the adventures of a French Armysquad lost somewhere on the front in May 1940 during the Battle of France.PlotDuring the Battle of France, while German forces are spreading across the country,the 7th Transmission Company suffers an air raid near the Machecoul woods, but survive and hide in the woods. Captain Dumont, the company commander,sends Louis Chaudard, Pithiviers and Tassin to scout the area. After burying the radio cable beneath a sandy road, the squad crosses the field, climbs a nearbyhill, and takes position within a cemetery. One man cut down the wrong tree for camouflage, pulling up the radio cable and revealing it to the passing Germaninfantry. The Germans cut the cable, surround the woods, and order a puzzled 7th Company to surrender. The squad tries to contact the company, but thenwitness their capture and run away.Commanded by Staff Sergeant Chaudard, the unit stops in a wood for the night. Pithiviers is content to slow down and waitfor the end of the campaign. The next day, he goes for a swim in the lake, in sight of possible German fighters. When Chaudard and Tassin wake up, they leavethe camp without their weapons to look for Pithiviers. Tassin finds him and gives an angry warning, but Pithiviers convinces Tassin to join him in the lake.Chaudard orders them to get out, but distracted by a rabbit, falls into the lake. While Chaudard teaches his men how to swim, two German fighter planes appear,forcing them out of the water. After shooting down one of the German planes, a French pilot, Lieutenant Duvauchel, makes an emergency landing and escapesbefore his plane explodes. PFC Pithiviers, seeing the bad shape of one of his shoes, destroys what is left of his shoe sole. Tassin is sent on patrol to get food and anew pair of shoes for Pithiviers. Tassin arrives in a farm, but only finds a dog, so he returns and Chaudard goes to the farm after nightfall. The farmer returns withher daughter-in-law and Lt Duvauchel, and she welcomes Chaudard. Duvauchel, who is hiding behind the door, comes out upon hearing the news and decides tomeet Chaudard's men.When Chaudard and Duvauchel return to the camp, Tassin and Pithiviers are roasting a rabbit they caught. Duvauchel realizes thatChaudard has been lying and takes command.The following day, the men leave the wood in early morning and capture a German armored tow truck after killingits two drivers. They originally planned to abandon the truck and the two dead Germans in the woods, but instead realized that the truck is the best way todisguise themselves and free the 7th Company. They put on the Germans' uniforms, recover another soldier of the 7th Company, who succeeded in escaping, andobtain resources from a collaborator who mistook them for Germans.On their way, they encounter a National Gendarmerie patrol, who appear to be a 5th column.The patrol injures the newest member of their group, a young soldier, and then are killed by Tassin. In revenge, they destroy a German tank using the tow truck'scannon gun.They planned to go to Paris but are misguided by their own colonel, but find the 7th Company with guards who are bringing them to Germany. Usingtheir cover, they make the guards run in front of the truck, allowing the company to get away. When Captain Dumont joins his Chaudard, Tassin, and Pithiviers inthe truck, who salute the German commander with a great smile.CastingJean Lefebvre : PFC PithiviersPierre Mondy : Staff Sergent Paul ChaudardAldo Maccione:PFC TassinRobert Lamoureux: Colonel BlanchetErik Colin: Lieutenant DuvauchelPierre Tornade: Captain DumontAlain Doutey: CarlierRobert Dalban : ThepeasantJacques Marin: The collaborationistRobert Rollis: A French soldierProductionThe film's success spawned two sequels:– 1975 : On a retrouvé la septièmecompagnie (The Seventh Company Has Been Found) by Robert Lamoureux;– 1977 : La Septième Compagnie au clair de lune (The Seventh Company Outdoors))by Robert Lamoureux.The story is set in Machecoul woods, but it was actually filmed near Cerny and La Ferté-Alais, as well as Jouars-Pontchartrain andRochefort-en-Yvelines. The famous grocery scene was filmed in Bazoches-Sur-Guyonne.Robert Lamoureux based this film on his own personal experiences inJune 1940 during the war.The final scene with the parachute is based on a true story. The 58 Free French paratroopers were parachuted into Brittany in groups ofthree, on the night of 7 June 1944 to neutralize the rail network of Normandy Landings in Brittany, two days before.Box officeThe movie received a great successin France reaching the third best selling movie in 1974.NotesExternal linksMais où est donc passée la septième compagnie? at IMDbPassage 4:DanaBlanksteinDana Blankstein-Cohen (born March 3, 1981) is the executive director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School. She was appointed by the boardof directors  in November 2019.  Previously she was the CEO of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television. She is a film director, and an Israeli cultureentrepreneur.BiographyDana Blankstein was born in Switzerland in 1981 to theatre director Dedi Baron and Professor Alexander Blankstein. She moved to Israelin 1983 and grew up in Tel Aviv.Blankstein graduated from the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School, Jerusalem in 2008 with high honors. During her studiesshe worked as a personal assistant to directors Savi Gabizon on his film Nina's Tragedies and to Renen Schorr on his film The Loners.  She also directed and shot'the making of' film on Gavison's film Lost and Found. Her debut film Camping competed at the Berlin International Film Festival, 2007.Film and academiccareerAfter her studies, Dana founded and directed the film and television department at the Kfar Saba municipality. The department encouraged and promotedproductions filmed in the city of Kfar Saba, as well as the established cultural projects, and educational community activities.Blankstein directed the mini-series"Tel Aviviot" (2012). From 2016-2019 was the director of the Israeli Academy of Film and Television.In November 2019 Dana Blankstein Cohen was appointed thenew director of the Sam Spiegel Film and Television School where she also oversees the Sam Spiegel International Film Lab. In 2022, she spearheaded the launchof the new Series Lab and the film preparatory program for Arabic speakers in east Jerusalem.FilmographyTel Aviviot (mini-series; director, 2012)Growing Pains(graduation film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2008)Camping (debut film, Sam Spiegel; director and screenwriter, 2006)Passage 5:The Eagle's EyeTheEagle's Eye is a 1918 American serial film consisting of 20 episodes that dramatizes German espionage in the United States during World War I. The stories arebased on the experiences of William J. Flynn during his career as chief of the United States Secret Service from 1912–1917.It features King Baggot as thepresident of the Criminology Club and Marguerite Snow as a Secret Service agent who investigate spies. Among the events depicted are the sending of theZimmermann Telegram, Franz von Rintelen's attempts to sabotage cargo loading in San Francisco Harbor, and the capture of the German espionage plans. It wasdirected by George Lessey, Wellington A. Playter, Leopold Wharton, and Theodore Wharton, and produced by the Whartons Studio. The serial is now consideredlost. Because this serial was a commercial failure, it was the last one made by Whartons due to the studio being forced to declare bankruptcy.BackgroundAfterFlynn's retirement from the Secret Service his work investigating sabotage during the war were interwoven with fictitious characters and events by CourtneyRyley Cooper into a 20-part spy thriller. These were also published as weekly installments in The Atlanta Constitution's magazine section during 1918 under thetitle The Eagle's Eye: A True Story of the Imperial German Government's Spies and Intrigues in America. Fifteen of the episodes were republished as chapters in abook the following year.CastKing Baggot as Harrison GrantMarguerite Snow as Dixie MasonWilliam Bailey as Heinrich von LertzFlorence Short as Madame AugustaStephanBertram Marburgh as Count Johann von BernstorffPaul Everton as Captain Franz von PapenJohn P. Wade as Captain Karl Boy-EdFred C. Jones as Dr.Heinrich AlbertWellington A. Playter as Franz von RintelenLouise HotalingLouis C. Bement as Uncle SamAllan MurnaneF.W. StewartRobin H. TownleyBessieWharton as Mrs. BlankChapter titlesHidden DeathThe Naval Ball ConspiracyThe Plot Against the FleetVon Rintelen, the DestroyerThe Strike BreedersThe PlotAgainst Organized LaborBrown Port FolioThe Kaiser's Death MessengerThe Munitions CampaignThe Invasion of CanadaThe Burning of HopewellThe CanalConspiratorsThe Reign of TerrorThe Infantile Paralysis EpidemicThe Campaign Against CottonThe Raid of the U-53Germany's U-Base in AmericaThe Great HinduConspiracyThe Menace of the I.W.W.The Great DecisionPassage 6:George LesseyGeorge Lessey (June 8, 1879 – June 3, 1947) was an American actor anddirector of the silent era. He appeared in more than 120 films between 1910 and 1946. He also directed more than 70 films between 1913 and 1922. Lessey wasborn in Amherst, Massachusetts, and as a boy he acted in theatrical productions there. He graduated from Amherst College.For a year, Lessey was a leading manfor Edison Studios, after which he directed films for the company for two years. In 1914, he joined Universal Studios as a director. He portrayed Romeo in theinitial film version of Romeo and Juliet, directed the first serial, What Happened to Mary, and played the first dual role in film as twins in The Corsican Brothers.Onstage, Lessey appeared in the original Broadway production of Porgy and Bess (1935) in one of the few white roles, that of the lawyer Mr. Archdale.In the 1930s,Lessey worked as a model for men's clothes.Lessey was married to the former May Abbey. On June 3, 1947, Lessey died on vacation in Westbrook, Connecticut,aged 67.Selected filmographyPassage 7:Arrington HighArrington High (1910 - 1988) was an American journalist and newspaper publisher. He published the Eagle