Passage 1:Mark RockefellerMark Fitler Rockefeller (born January 26, 1967) is a fourth-generation member of the Rockefeller family. He is the younger son offormer U.S. Vice President Nelson A. Rockefeller (1908–1979) and Happy Rockefeller (1926–2015). Through his father, Rockefeller is a grandson of Americanfinancer John D. Rockefeller Jr. and a great-grandson of Standard Oil co-founder John D. Rockefeller. He was chairman of the board of directors of the NationalFish and Wildlife Foundation in 2010.Early lifeRockefeller grew up at Kykuit, the central mansion at his family's estate in Pocantico, Westchester County, in NewYork State. He is an alumnus of the Buckley School, Deerfield Academy (1985), Princeton University (BA 1989), and Harvard University (MBA 1996). He playedfootball, basketball, and baseball at Deerfield, and played football at Princeton as a walk-on.CareerRockefeller and his former wife own South Fork Lodge andSouth Fork Outfitters, both in Swan Valley, Idaho. Previously, he was an associate in the Acquisition Finance Group at Chase Securities, Inc.In 1999 he waselected chairman of the non-profit organization, Historic Hudson Valley, founded by his grandfather, John D. Rockefeller Jr. in 1951. Mark Rockefeller's olderbrother, Nelson Rockefeller Jr., has also served on its board.In a 2013 article about federal farm subsidy programs, the New York Post reported that 1,500affluent New Yorkers had received payments. Among them was Rockefeller, who received $342,634 in farm subsidies over the course of ten years from 2001 to2011 for allowing farmland to return to its natural condition.Personal lifeIn 1998, Rockefeller married Renee Anne Anisko (born 1968) at the Church of theMagdalene in Pocantico Hills. She has a Juris Doctor degree cum laude from the Temple University Beasley School of Law. They have four children. They divorcedin 2020.Passage 2:Where Was I"Where Was I?" may refer to:Books"Where Was I?", essay by David Hawley Sanford from The Mind's IWhere Was I?, book byJohn Haycraft 2006Where was I?!, book by Terry Wogan 2009Film and TVWhere Was I? (film), 1925 film directed by William A. Seiter. With Reginald Denny,Marian Nixon, Pauline Garon, Lee Moran.Where Was I? (2001 film), biography about songwriter Tim RoseWhere Was I? (TV series) 1952–1953 Quiz show with thepanelists attempting to guess a location by looking at photos"Where Was I?" episode of Shoestring (TV series) 1980Music"Where was I", song by W. FrankeHarling and Al Dubin performed by Ruby Newman and His Orchestra  with vocal chorus by  Larry Taylor and Peggy McCall  1939"Where Was I", single fromCharley Pride discography 1988"Where Was I" (song), a 1994 song by Ricky Van Shelton"Where Was I (Donde Estuve Yo)", song by Joe Pass from Simplicity (JoePass album)"Where Was I?", song by Guttermouth from The Album Formerly Known as a Full Length LP (Guttermouth album)"Where Was I", song by SawyerBrown (Billy Maddox, Paul Thorn, Anne Graham) from Can You Hear Me Now 2002"Where Was I?", song  by  Kenny Wayne Shepherd from Live On  1999"WhereWas I", song by Melanie Laine (Victoria Banks, Steve Fox) from Time Flies (Melanie Laine album)"Where Was I", song by Rosie Thomas from With Love (RosieThomas album)Passage 3:Dance of Death (disambiguation)Dance of Death, also called Danse Macabre, is a late-medieval allegory of the universality ofdeath.Dance of Death or The Dance of Death may also refer to:BooksDance of Death, a 1938 novel by Helen McCloyDance of Death (Stine novel), a 1997 novelby R. L. StineDance of Death (novel), a 2005 novel by Douglas Preston and Lincoln ChildTheatre and filmThe Dance of Death (Strindberg play), a 1900 play byAugust StrindbergThe Dance of Death, a 1908 play by Frank WedekindThe Dance of Death (Auden play), a 1933 play by W. H. AudenFilmThe Death Dance, a1918 drama starring Alice BradyThe Dance of Death (1912 film), a German silent filmThe Dance of Death (1919 film), an Austrian silent filmThe Dance of Death(1938 film), crime drama starring Vesta Victoria; screenplay by Ralph DawsonThe Dance of Death (1948 film), French-Italian drama based on Strindberg's play,starring Erich von StroheimThe Dance of Death (1967 film), a West German drama filmDance of Death or House of Evil, 1968 Mexican horror film starring BorisKarloffDance of Death (1969 film), a film based on Strindberg's play, starring Laurence OlivierDance of Death (1979 film), a Hong Kong film featuring PaulChunMusicDance of Death (album), a 2003 album by Iron Maiden, or the title songThe Dance of Death & Other Plantation Favorites, a 1964 album by JohnFaheyThe Dance of Death (Scaramanga Six album)"Death Dance", a 2016 song by SevendustSee alsoDance of the Dead (disambiguation)Danse Macabre(disambiguation)Bon Odori, a Japanese traditional dance welcoming the spirits of the deadLa danse des morts, an oratorio by Arthur HoneggerTotentanz(disambiguation)Passage 4:John I, Duke of ClevesJohn I, Duke of Cleves, Count of Mark (16 February 1419 – 5 September 1481). Jean de Belliqueux (warlike),was Duke of Cleves and Count of Mark.LifeJohn was the son of Adolph I, Duke of Cleves and Mary of Burgundy. He was raised in Brussels at the Burgundian courtof his uncle Philip the Good. He ruled Cleves from 1448 from 1481, and Mark since 1461 after the death of his uncle Gerhard who had waged war on his ownbrother.John fought 3 wars with the Electorate of Cologne and finally defeated Ruprecht of the Palatinate, conquering the cities of Xanten and Soest. In thesewars, he was supported by his uncle Philip the Good, bringing Cleves-Mark into the Burgundian sphere of influence. His marriage with Elisabeth Countess ofNevers, from a sideline of the House of Burgundy, only strengthened this influence. John also took sides in the Münster Diocesan Feud supporting the aspirationsof the House of Hoya to the episcopacy in Münster.John was also made a Knight in the Burgundian Order of the Golden Fleece in 1451, with which he wasdepicted by Rogier van der Weyden. In 1473 he helped the Burgundian Duke Charles the Bold conquer the Duchy of Guelders.Marriage and childrenOn 22 April1455, John married Elizabeth of Nevers, daughter of John II, Count of Nevers.They had:John II, Duke of Cleves (13 April 1458 – 15 March 1521); married 3November 1489 Matilda of HesseAdolf (1461–1498); a canon of LiegeEngelbert, Count of Nevers (26 September 1462 – 21 November 1506); married 23February 1489 Charlotte de Bourbon-VendômeDietrich (1464)Marie of Cleves (1465–1513)Philip of Cleves (1467–1505); Bishop of Nevers, Amiens andAutunAncestryPassage 5:Place of birthThe place of birth (POB) or birthplace is the place where a person was born. This place is often used in legal documents,together with name and date of birth, to uniquely identify a person. Practice regarding whether this place should be a country, a territory or a city/town/localitydiffers in different countries, but often city or territory is used for native-born citizen passports and countries for foreign-born ones.As a general rule with respectto passports, if the place of birth is to be a country, it's determined to be the country that currently has sovereignty over the actual place of birth, regardless ofwhen the birth actually occurred. The place of birth is not necessarily the place where the parents of the new baby live. If the baby is born in a hospital in anotherplace, that place is the place of birth. In many countries, this also means that the government requires that the birth of the new baby is registered in the place ofbirth.Some countries place less or no importance on the place of birth, instead using alternative geographical characteristics for the purpose of identitydocuments. For example, Sweden has used the concept of födelsehemort ("domicile of birth") since 1947. This means that the domicile of the baby's mother isthe registered place of birth. The location of the maternity ward or other physical birthplace is considered unimportant.Similarly, Switzerland uses the concept ofplace of origin. A child born to Swiss parents is automatically assigned the place of origin of the parent with the same last name, so the child either gets theirmother's or father's place of origin. A child born to one Swiss parent and one foreign parent acquires the place of origin of their Swiss parent. In a Swiss passportand identity card, the holder's place of origin is stated, not their place of birth. In Japan, the registered domicile is a similar concept.In some countries (primarilyin the Americas), the place of birth automatically determines the nationality of the baby, a practice often referred to by the Latin phrase jus soli. Almost allcountries outside the Americas instead attribute nationality based on the nationality(-ies) of the baby's parents (referred to as jus sanguinis).There can be someconfusion regarding the place of birth if the birth takes place in an unusual way: when babies are born on an airplane or at sea, difficulties can arise. The place ofbirth of such a person depends on the law of the countries involved, which include the nationality of the plane or ship, the nationality(-ies) of the parents and/orthe location of the plane or ship (if the birth occurs in the territorial waters or airspace of a country).Some administrative forms may request the applicant's"country of birth". It is important to determine from the requester whether the information requested refers to the applicant's "place of birth" or "nationality atbirth". For example, US citizens born abroad who acquire US citizenship at the time of birth, the nationality at birth will be USA (American), while the place ofbirth would be the country in which the actual birth takes place.Reference list8 FAM 403.4 Place of BirthPassage 6:Dietrich IX, Count of MarkDietrich IX, Count ofMark (1374–1398) was the Count of Mark from 1393 until 1398.Dietrich was the second son of Count Adolf III of the Marck and Margaret of Jülich.His father hadacquired the County of Cleves in 1368 and reserved this title for his eldest son Adolph to succeed him after his death. Dietrich already received the title of Countof Mark in 1393, when his father was still alive. When Dietrich fell in battle in 1398, he was succeeded by his elder brother Adolph, who had become Count ofCleves in 1394. Thus the County of Mark and the County of Cleves were reunited again.Passage 7:Beaulieu-sur-LoireBeaulieu-sur-Loire (French pronunciation:[boljø sy lwa], literally Beaulieu on Loire) is a commune in the Loiret department in north-central France. It is the place of death of Jacques MacDonald, aFrench general who served in the Napoleonic Wars.PopulationSee alsoCommunes of the Loiret departmentPassage 8:Motherland (disambiguation)Motherland isthe place of one's birth, the place of one's ancestors, or the place of origin of an ethnic group.Motherland may also refer to:Music"Motherland" (anthem), thenational anthem of MauritiusNational Song (Montserrat), also called "Motherland"Motherland (Natalie Merchant album), 2001Motherland (Arsonists Get All theGirls album), 2011Motherland (Daedalus album), 2011"Motherland" (Crystal Kay song), 2004Film and televisionMotherland (1927 film), a 1927 British silent warfilmMotherland (2010 film), a 2010 documentary filmMotherland (2015 film), a 2015 Turkish dramaMotherland (2022 film), a 2022 documentary film about the


Passage 1:Howard W. KochHoward Winchel Koch (April 11, 1916 – February 16, 2001) was an American producer and director of film and television.Life andcareerKoch was born in New York City, the son of Beatrice (Winchel) and William Jacob Koch. His family was Jewish. He attended DeWitt Clinton High School andthe Peddie School in Hightstown, New Jersey. He began his film career as an employee at Universal Studios office in New York then made his Hollywoodfilmmaking debut in 1947 as an assistant director. He worked as a producer for the first time in 1953 and a year later made his directing debut. In 1964,Paramount Pictures appointed him head of film production, a position he held until 1966 when he left to set up his own production company. He had a productionpact with Paramount for over 15 years.Among his numerous television productions, Howard W. Koch produced the Academy Awards show on eight occasions.Dedicated to the industry, he served as President of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 1977 to 1979. In 1990 the Academy honored him withThe Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award and in 1991 he received the Frank Capra Achievement Award from the Directors Guild of America.Together with actor TellySavalas, Howard Koch owned the thoroughbred racehorse Telly's Pop, winner of several important California races for juveniles including the Norfolk Stakes andDel Mar Futurity.Howard W. Koch suffered from Alzheimer's disease and died in at his home in Beverly Hills, California on February 16, 2001. He had two childrenfrom a marriage of 64 years to Ruth Pincus, who died in March 2009. In 2004, his son Hawk Koch was elected to the Board of Governors of the Academy ofMotion Picture Arts and Sciences.FilmographyDirectorFilm (director)Shield for Murder (1954)Big House, U.S.A. (1955)Untamed Youth (1957)Bop Girl GoesCalypso (1957)Jungle Heat (1957)The Girl in Black Stockings (1957)Fort Bowie (1957)Violent Road (1958)Frankenstein 1970 (1958)Born Reckless (1958)AndyHardy Comes Home (1958)The Last Mile (1959)Badge 373 (1973)Television (director)Maverick (1957) (1 episode)Hawaiian Eye (1959) (2 episodes)Cheyenne(1958) (1 episode)The Untouchables (1959) (4 episodes)The Gun of Zangara (1960) (TV movie taken from The Untouchables (1959 TV series))Miami Undercover(1961) (38 episodes)Texaco Presents Bob Hope in a Very Special Special: On the Road with Bing (1977)ProducerFilm (producer):War Paint (1953)Beachhead(1954)Shield for Murder (1954)Big House, U.S.A. (1955)Rebel in Town (1956)Frankenstein 1970 (1958)Sergeants 3 (1962)The Manchurian Candidate(1962)Come Blow Your Horn (1963)Robin and the 7 Hoods (1964)The Odd Couple (1968)On a Clear Day You Can See Forever (1970)A New Leaf (1971)PlazaSuite (1971)Last of the Red Hot Lovers (1972)Jacqueline Susann's Once Is Not Enough (1975)The Other Side of Midnight (1977)Airplane! (1980)Some Kind ofHero (1982)Airplane II: The Sequel (1982)Ghost (1990)Television (producer)Magnavox Presents Frank Sinatra (1973)Passage 2:Robert MulliganRobert PatrickMulligan (August 23, 1925 – December 20, 2008) was an American director and producer. He is best known for his sensitive dramas, including To Kill aMockingbird (1962), Summer of '42 (1971), The Other (1972), Same Time, Next Year (1978), and The Man in the Moon (1991). He was also known in the 1960sfor his extensive collaborations with producer Alan J. Pakula.Early lifeMulligan served in either the U.S. Navy or the U.S. Marine Corps during World War II as aradio operator. At war's end, he graduated from Fordham University, then obtained work in the editorial department of The New York Times, but left to pursue acareer in television.CareerTelevisionMulligan began his television career as a messenger boy for CBS television. He worked diligently, and by 1948 was directingmajor dramatic television shows.In the early 1950s he directed many episodes of Suspense. He followed this directing for The Philco Television Playhouse,Armstrong Circle Theatre, The Alcoa Hour, The United States Steel Hour, Studio One in Hollywood, Goodyear Playhouse and The Seven Lively Arts.1950s–1960sIn1957 Mulligan directed his first motion picture, Fear Strikes Out, starring Anthony Perkins as tormented baseball player Jimmy Piersall. The film was the firstfeature he would direct alongside longtime collaborator Alan J. Pakula, then a big-time Hollywood producer. Pakula once confessed that "working with Bob set meback in directing several years because I enjoyed working with him, and we were having a good time, and I enjoyed the work."Mulligan returned to television todirect episodes of Playhouse 90, Rendezvous, The Dupont Show of the Month, and TV versions of Ah, Wilderness! and The Moon and Sixpence. In 1959 he won anEmmy Award for directing The Moon and Sixpence, a television production that was the American small-screen debut of Laurence Olivier.Mulligan returned tofeature films to make two Tony Curtis vehicles, The Rat Race and The Great Imposter. He was going to make a third, The Wine of Youth but it was notmade.Mulligan then made two Rock Hudson vehicles, Come September and The Spiral Road.Pakula collaborationIn the early 1960s, Pakula returned to Mulliganwith the proposition of directing To Kill a Mockingbird (1962), based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel by Harper Lee. Mulligan accepted the offer despite theawareness that "the other studios didn't want it because what's it about? It's about a middle-aged lawyer with two kids. There's no romance, no violence (exceptoff-screen). There's no action. What is there? Where's the story?" With the help of a screenplay by Horton Foote as well as the pivotal casting of Gregory Peck inthe role of Atticus Finch, the film became a huge hit, and Mulligan was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Director.Mulligan and Pakula followed To Kill aMockingbird with five more films. Love With the Proper Stranger (1963), starred Natalie Wood and Steve McQueen. Baby the Rain Must Fall (1965) starredMcQueen. Inside Daisy Clover (1965) starred Wood. Up the Down Staircase (1967) was based on a humorous novel by Bel Kaufman and starred Sandy Dennis asthe schoolteacher Sylvia Barrett. The Stalking Moon (1968), based on a Western novel by T.V. Olsen and reuniting Mulligan and Pakula with Peck, this time in therole of Sam Varner, a scout who attempts to escort a white woman (Eva Marie Saint) and her half-Indian son to New Mexico after they are pursued by abloodthirsty Apache, the boy's father. After this film, Pakula parted company from Mulligan to pursue his own career in directing.1970sMulligan began the 1970swith The Pursuit of Happiness (1971), based on the 1968 novel by Thomas Rogers, which had been a finalist for the National Book Award. The film starred MichaelSarrazin as William Popper, a college student (disillusioned with both right-wing and left-wing American politics) whose life is complicated when he accidentallyruns over and kills an elderly woman and is quickly sentenced to one year in prison for vehicular manslaughter. He then contemplates breaking out of prison andfleeing the country with his girlfriend (played by Barbara Hershey), since neither feels their lives have made any significant difference in America.Also in 1971,Mulligan released Summer of '42 (1971), which was based on the coming-of-age novel by Herman Raucher and starred Gary Grimes as a teenage stand-in forRaucher who spends a summer vacation in 1942 on Nantucket Island lusting after a young woman (Jennifer O'Neill) whose husband has shipped off to fight in thewar. A box office smash, Summer of '42 went on to gross over $20 million, and Mulligan was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Director.Summer of'42 was followed by The Other (1972), a thriller film scripted by former Hollywood actor Thomas Tryon from his own book. It told the story of two 9-year-oldboys, Niles and Holland Perry (played by real-life twins Chris and Marty Udvarnoky), who get involved in a series of grisly murders at their home on PeaquotLanding in the 1930s. Although the film was not an immediate success at the box office, it has since gone on to gain a steady cult following.In the mid-1970s,Mulligan was briefly engaged in talks with producers Julia and Michael Phillips to direct Taxi Driver (1976), with Jeff Bridges to star as the psychotic Travis Bickle.Objections posed by screenwriter Paul Schrader caused the project to be turned over to Martin Scorsese and Robert De Niro instead.Mulligan proceeded byrounding out the 1970s with three films dominated by performances from A-list Hollywood actors: Jason Miller as a Los Angeles locksmith threatened by hitmen inThe Nickel Ride (1974); Richard Gere as an Italian-American youth trying to break from his working-class family in Bloodbrothers (1978); and Alan Alda and EllenBurstyn portraying George and Doris, a pair of long-term adulterers, in Same Time Next Year (1978), based on the play by Bernard Slade.1980sAs the 1980sdawned, Mulligan found work harder to come by, succeeding in directing only two films by the end of the decade. Mulligan had started directing Rich and Famousfor MGM but asked to be replaced after a week of shooting; George Cukor replaced him.Mulligan was also fired from directing The Pursuit of D.B. Cooper becausehe allegedly took seven days to shoot a whitewater rapids chase.At another point, according to screenwriter Hampton Fancher, Mulligan was attached to directBlade Runner; his adaptation would have starred Robert Mitchum. Fancher states that the deal with Mulligan fell apart because of "ego" and because the studio atthe time, Universal, wanted a happier ending. Mulligan was also briefly attached to direct Cutter's Way; his version would have starred Dustin Hoffman.Kiss MeGoodbye (1982), starring Sally Field, James Caan and Jeff Bridges, was an attempt at a comedic remake of the Brazilian film Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands,and was critically derided, although it was a modest commercial success.Clara's Heart (1988), starring Whoopi Goldberg and a young Neil Patrick Harris, wasreleased five years later to negative box office numbers and reviews, and was panned on television by Siskel and Ebert. It has, however, received recent praisefrom film professor Robert Keser.1990sIn the 1990s, at the age of 66, Mulligan would release his final film, The Man in the Moon (1991), starring a 14-year-oldReese Witherspoon, in her film debut. The film was praised by Roger Ebert, who included it at #8 in his Top 10 list of the best films of 1991, declaring, "Nothingelse [Mulligan] has done... approaches the purity and perfection of The Man in the Moon... (with a) poetic, bittersweet tone, and avoid(ing) the sentimentalismand cheap emotion that could have destroyed this story."Later in March 1992, Mulligan made headlines when he angrily took his name off of airline cuts of TheMan in the Moon, after he had learned that the film would be heavily censored by American and Delta flights. In an interview with Ebert, Mulligan explained, "Theairlines demanded so many excessive and unreasonable cuts and changes that I took my name off the film... it's the first time I've ever done that."Before hisdeath in 2008, Mulligan had commissioned playwright Beth Henley to write a screenplay from the novel A Long and Happy Life by Reynolds Price, which Mulligan


Passage 1:Princess Irene of Hesse and by RhinePrincess Irene of Hesse and by Rhine (Irene Luise Marie Anne; 11 July 1866 – 11 November 1953), later PrincessHenry of Prussia, was the third child and third daughter of Princess Alice of the United Kingdom and Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine. Her maternalgrandparents were Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Her paternal grandparents were Prince Charles of Hesse and by Rhine andPrincess Elisabeth of Prussia. She was the wife of Prince Henry of Prussia, a younger brother of Wilhelm II, German Emperor and her first cousin. The SSPrinzessin Irene, a liner of the North German Lloyd was named after her.Her siblings included Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, wife of Prince Louis ofBattenberg, Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia, wife of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine,and Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia, wife of Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. Like her younger sister, the empress, Irene was a carrier of the hemophilia gene,and Irene would lose her sisters Alix and Elisabeth in Russia to the Bolsheviks.Early lifeShe received her first name, which was taken from the Greek word for"peace", because she was born at the end of the Austro-Prussian War. Alice considered Irene an unattractive child and once wrote to her sister Victoria that Irenewas "not pretty". She would never be considered a great beauty like her sisters Elisabeth and Alix, but she did have a pleasant, even disposition. Princess Alicebrought up her daughters simply. An English nanny presided over the nursery and the children ate plain meals of rice puddings and baked apples and wore plaindresses. Her daughters were taught how to do housework, such as baking cakes, making their own beds, laying fires and sweeping and dusting their rooms.Princess Alice also emphasised the need to give to the poor and often took her daughters on visits to hospitals and charities.The family was devastated in 1873when Irene's haemophiliac younger brother Friedrich, nicknamed "Frittie", fell through an open window, struck his head on the balustrade and died hours later ofa brain hemorrhage. In the months following the toddler's death, Alice frequently took her children to his grave to pray and was melancholy on anniversariesassociated with him. In the autumn of 1878 Irene, her siblings (except for Elisabeth) and her father became ill with diphtheria. Her younger sister Princess Marie,nicknamed "May", died of the disease. Her mother, exhausted from nursing the children, also became infected. Knowing she was in danger of dying, Princess Alicedictated her will, including instructions about how to bring up her daughters and how to run the household. She died of diphtheria on 14 December1878.Following Alice's death, Queen Victoria resolved to act as a mother to her Hessian grandchildren. Princess Irene and her surviving siblings spent annualholidays in England and their grandmother sent instructions to their governess regarding their education and approving the pattern of their dresses. With hersister Alix, Irene was a bridesmaid at the 1885 wedding of their maternal aunt, Princess Beatrice, to Prince Henry of Battenberg.MarriageIrene married PrinceHenry of Prussia, the third child and second son of Frederick III, German Emperor and Victoria, Princess Royal on 24 May  1888 at the chapel of theCharlottenburg Palace in Berlin. As their mothers were sisters, Irene and Henry were first cousins. Their marriage displeased Queen Victoria because she had notbeen told about the courtship until they had already decided to marry. At the time of the ceremony, Irene's uncle and father-in-law, the German emperor, wasdying of throat cancer, and less than a month after the ceremony, Irene's cousin and brother-in-law ascended the throne as Kaiser Wilhelm II. Heinrich's mother,Empress Victoria, was fond of Irene. However, Empress Victoria was shocked because Irene did not wear a shawl or scarf to disguise her pregnancy when she waspregnant with her first son, the haemophiliac Prince Waldemar, in 1889. Empress Victoria, who was fascinated by politics and current events, also couldn'tunderstand why Heinrich and Irene never read a newspaper. However, the couple were happily married and they were known as "The Very Amiables" by theirrelatives because of their pleasant natures. The marriage produced three sons.ChildrenFamily relationshipsIrene transmitted the haemophilia gene to her eldestand youngest sons, Waldemar and Heinrich. Waldemar's health worried her from early childhood. She was later devastated when the youngest child,four-year-old Heinrich, died after he fell and bumped his head in February 1904. Six months after little Heinrich's death, Irene became an aunt to Tsarevich Alexeiof Russia, son of her youngest sister, Tsarina Alexandra, who also had hemophilia.Irene, raised to believe in a proper Victorian code of behaviour, was easilyshocked by what she saw as immorality. In 1884, the same year that her elder sister Victoria married Prince Louis of Battenberg, another sister, Elisabeth,married Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, and when Elisabeth converted from Lutheranism to Russian Orthodoxy, in 1891, Irene was deeply upset. Shewrote to her father that she "cried terribly" over Elisabeth’s decision.  In 1892, Irene's father, Grand Duke Louis IV, died, and her brother, Ernest, succeeded himas Grand Duke of Hesse. Two years later, in May 1894, Ernest Louis was married off by Queen Victoria to a first cousin, Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. Itwas amidst the wedding festivities that Irene's youngest surviving sister, Alix, accepted the marriage proposal of Tsarevich Nicholas, a second cousin, and whenNicholas' father died prematurely in November 1894, Irene and her husband travelled to St. Petersburg to be present at both his funeral and the wedding of Alix,who had taken the name Alexandra Feodorovna upon her conversion to Orthodoxy, to the new tsar, Nicholas II. Despite the disagreement that she had over theconversion of two of her sisters to Russian Orthodoxy, she remained close with all of her siblings. In 1907, Irene helped arrange what later turned out to be adisastrous marriage between Elisabeth’s ward, Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia, to Prince Vilhelm, Duke of Södermanland. Wilhelm's mother, the Queenof Sweden, was an old friend of both Irene and Elisabeth. Grand Duchess Maria later wrote that Irene pressured her to go through with the marriage when shehad doubts. She told Maria that ending the engagement would "kill" Elisabeth. In 1912, Irene was a source of support to her sister Alix when Alexei nearly died ofcomplications of haemophilia at the Imperial Family's hunting lodge in Poland.Later lifeIrene's ties to her sisters were disrupted by the advent of World War I,which put them on opposing sides of the war. When the war ended, she received word that Alix, her husband and children and her sister Elizabeth had been killedby the Bolsheviks.When Anna Anderson surfaced in Berlin in the early 1920s, claiming to be the surviving Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia, Irenevisited the woman, but decided that Anderson could not be the niece she had last seen in 1913. Princess Irene was not impressed."I saw immediately that shecould not be one of my nieces. Even though I had not seen them for nine years, the fundamental facial characteristics could not have altered to that degree, inparticular the position of the eyes, the ear, etc. .. At first sight one could perhaps detect a resemblance to Grand Duchess Tatiana."Grand Duchess OlgaAlexandrovna, sister of the murdered tsar, commented on the visit of Princess Irene,"It was an unsatisfactory meeting, but the woman's supporters said thatPrincess Irene had not known her niece very well and all the rest of it." Irene's husband, Heinrich, said that the mention of Anderson upset Irene too much andordered that no one was to discuss Anderson in his presence. Heinrich died in 1929. Anna Anderson biographer Peter Kurth wrote that several years later, Irene'sson (Prince Sigismund) posed questions to Anderson through an intermediary about their shared childhood and declared that her answers were all accurate. Irenelater adopted Sigismund's daughter, Barbara, born in 1920, as her heir after Sigismund left Germany to live in Costa Rica during the 1930s. Sigismund declinedto return to Germany to live after World War II.HonoursGrand Duchy of Hesse: Dame of the Grand Ducal Hessian Order of the Golden Lion, 21 March 1883Kingdom of Prussia:Dame of the Order of Louise, 1st DivisionDame of the Wilhelm-OrdenRed Cross Medal, 1st Class, 22 October 1898 Kingdom of Bavaria: MeritCross for Volunteer Nurses  Austria-Hungary: Grand Cross of the Imperial Austrian Order of Elizabeth, 1900 Russian Empire: Grand Cross of the Imperial Order ofSaint Catherine United Kingdom:Queen Victoria Golden Jubilee Medal, 1887Royal Order of Victoria and Albert, 2nd ClassAncestryPassage 2:Princess VictoriaMelita of Saxe-Coburg and GothaGrand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia  (born Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh; 25 November 1876 – 2 March 1936),was the third child and second daughter of Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, and of Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia. She was agranddaughter of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom and also of Emperor Alexander II of Russia.Born a British princess, Victoria spent her early life in Englandand lived for three years in Malta, where her father served in the Royal Navy. In 1889 the family moved to Coburg, where Victoria's father became the reigningduke in 1893. In her teens Victoria fell in love with her first cousin Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia (the son of her mother's brother, Grand DukeVladimir Alexandrovich of Russia) but his faith, Orthodox Christianity, discouraged marriage between first cousins. Bowing to family pressure, Victoria married herpaternal first cousin Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine in 1894, following the wishes of their grandmother, Queen Victoria. The marriage failed –Victoria Melita scandalized the royal families of Europe when she divorced her husband in 1901. The couple's only child, Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine,died of typhoid fever in 1903.Victoria married Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich in 1905. They wed without the formal approval of Britain's King Edward VII (as theRoyal Marriages Act 1772 would have required), and in defiance of Russia's Emperor Nicholas II. In retaliation, the Tsar stripped Kirill of his offices and honours,also initially banishing the couple from Russia. They had two daughters and settled in Paris before being allowed to visit Russia in 1909. In 1910 they moved toRussia, where Nicholas recognized Victoria Melita as Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna. After the fall of the Russian monarchy in 1917 they escaped to Finland(then still part of the Russian Empire) where she gave birth to her only son in August 1917. In exile they lived for some years among her relatives in Germany,and from the late 1920s on an estate they bought in Saint-Briac in Brittany. In 1926 Kirill proclaimed himself Russian emperor in exile, and Victoria supported herhusband's claims. Victoria died after suffering a stroke while visiting her daughter Maria in Amorbach (Lower Franconia).Early lifeVictoria was born on 25


Passage 1:Jesse E. HobsonJesse Edward Hobson (May 2, 1911 – November 5, 1970) was the director of SRI International from 1947 to 1955. Prior to SRI, he wasthe director of the Armour Research Foundation.Early life and educationHobson was born in Marshall, Indiana. He received bachelor's and master's degrees inelectrical engineering from Purdue University and a PhD in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Hobson was also selected as anationally outstanding engineer.Hobson married Jessie Eugertha Bell on March 26, 1939, and they had five children.CareerAwards and membershipsHobson wasnamed an IEEE Fellow in 1948.Passage 2:The Heart of Maryland (1921 film)The Heart of Maryland is a lost 1921 American silent film feature produced anddistributed by the Vitagraph Company of America. It is based on David Belasco's 1895 play, The Heart of Maryland.When Warner Brothers acquired the VitagraphStudios in 1925, they obtained the screen rights to this property and remade the story in 1927 as The Heart of Maryland with Dolores Costello.CastCatherineCalvert as Maryland CalvertCrane Wilbur as Alan KendrickFelix Krembs as Col. Fulton ThorpeBen Lyon as Bob TelfairWilliam Collier, Jr. as Lloyd CalvertWarnerRichmond as Tom BooneBernard Siegel as Provost-Sergeant BlountHenry Hallam as General KendrickVictoria White as Nanny McNairMarguerite Sanchez as Mrs.ClaiborneJane Jennings as Mrs. ClaiborneSee alsoThe Heart of Maryland (1915)Passage 3:Olav AaraasOlav Aaraas (born 10 July 1950) is a Norwegian historianand museum director.He was born in Fredrikstad. From 1982 to 1993 he was the director of Sogn Folk Museum, from 1993 to 2010 he was the director ofMaihaugen and from 2001 he has been the director of the Norwegian Museum of Cultural History. In 2010 he was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order ofSt. Olav.Passage 4:The Heart of Maryland (1915 film)The Heart of Maryland is a lost 1915 silent film drama directed by Herbert Brenon based on David Belasco'splay The Heart of Maryland. Mrs. Leslie Carter, who starred in the original play on Broadway in 1895, makes her appearance in this film as the titlecharacter.CastMrs. Leslie Carter – Maryland CalvertWilliam E. Shay – Alan KendrickJ. Farrell MacDonald – Colonel ThorpeMatt B. Snyder – General HughKendrickRaymond Russell – Floyd CalvertMarcia Moore – Floyd Calver't SweetheartVivian Reed – Dolly GreyDoris Baker – True BlueHerbert Brenon – LloydCalvertBert Hadley – Private BooneJoseph Hazelton – The Sexton (*as Joe Hazelton)See alsoThe Heart of Maryland (1921)The Heart of Maryland (1927)Passage5:Ian Barry (director)Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV.Select creditsWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)Stone (1974) (editor only)The Chain Reaction(1980)Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)Minnamurra (1989)Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)Crimebroker (1993)Inferno(1998) (TV movie)Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)The Doctor BlakeMysteries (2013)Passage 6:Peter LevinPeter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre.CareerSince 1967, Levin has amassed a large number ofcredits directing episodic television and television films. Some of his television series credits include Love Is a Many Splendored Thing, James at 15, The PaperChase, Family, Starsky & Hutch, Lou Grant, Fame, Cagney & Lacey, Law & Order and Judging Amy.Some of his television film credits include Rape and Marriage:The Rideout Case (1980), A Reason to Live (1985), Popeye Doyle (1986), A Killer Among Us (1990), Queen Sized (2008) and among other films. He directed"Heart in Hiding", written by his wife Audrey Davis Levin, for which she received an Emmy for Best Day Time Special in the 1970s.Prior to becoming a director,Levin worked as an actor in several Broadway productions. He costarred with Susan Strasberg in "[The Diary of Ann Frank]" but had to leave the production whenhe was drafted into the Army. He trained at the Carnegie Mellon University. Eventually becoming a theatre director, he directed productions at the Long WharfTheatre and the Pacific Resident Theatre Company. He also co-founded the off-off-Broadway Theatre [the Hardware Poets Playhouse] with his wife Audrey DavisLevin and was also an associate artist of The Interact Theatre Company.Passage 7:The Heart of the WorldThe Heart of the World is a short film written anddirected by Guy Maddin, produced for the 2000 Toronto International Film Festival. Maddin was one of a number of directors (including Atom Egoyan and DavidCronenberg) commissioned to make four-minute short films that would screen prior to the various feature films at the 2000 festival as part of the special Preludesprogram. After hearing rumours that other directors were planning films with a small number of shots, Maddin decided that his film would instead contain over100 shots per minute, and enough plot for a feature-length film. Maddin then wrote and shot The Heart of the World in the style of Russian constructivism, takingthe commission at its literal face value, as a call to produce a propaganda film. Even in its expanded, 6-minute version, The Heart of the World runs at abreakneck speed, averaging roughly two shots per second, a pace intensified by the background music, Time, Forward! by Georgy Sviridov.Plot summaryThe plotof The Heart of the World concerns two brothers, Osip and Nikolai, who compete for the love of the same woman: Anna, a state scientist studying the Earth'score. Anna discovers that the heart of the world is in danger of a fatal heart attack (which would mean the end of the world), and the brothers compete amongstthe public panic. Nikolai is a mortician and tries to impress Anna with assembly-line embalming, while Osip is an actor playing Christ in the Passion Play and triesto impress Anna through his suffering. Anna is instead seduced by an evil capitalist, but has a change of heart and strangles the plutocrat, then slides down intothe heart of the world, where she manages to save the world from destruction by transforming into cinema itself, the world's "new and better heart —Kino!"CastLeslie Bais as Anna Caelum Vatnsdal as Osip Shaun Balbar as Nikolai Greg Klymkiw as AkmatovAwards and nominationsGenie Award:Win: Best LiveAction Short FilmAspen Shortsfest:Win: Best CinematographyBrussels International Festival of Fantasy Film:Win: Special Mention – Short FilmMiami FilmFestival:Win: FIPRESCI Prize, Best Short SubjectNational Society of Film Critics AwardsWin: Best Experimental Film—the same award Maddin won in 1991 forArchangel.San Francisco International Film FestivalWin: Film & Video – Short Narrative, Golden Gate Award – Guy MaddinPassage 8:A Woman's TriumphAWoman's Triumph is a lost 1914 silent film drama directed by J. Searle Dawley and starring Laura Sawyer. It was produced by Daniel Frohman and AdolphZukor  and based on an 1818 story The Heart of Midlothian by Sir Walter Scott.A rival British film The Heart of Midlothian was released in April 1914.CastLauraSawyer as Jeanie DeansBetty Harte as Effie DeansGeorge Moss as David DeansHal Clarendon as Georgie RobertsonWellington Playter as Reuben ButlerEmilyCalloway as Madge WildfireHelen Aubrey as Dame MurdocksonPassage 9:Guy MaddinGuy Maddin  (born February 28, 1956) is a Canadian screenwriter, director,author, cinematographer, and film editor of both features and short films, as well as an installation artist, from Winnipeg, Manitoba. Since completing his first filmin 1985, Maddin has become one of Canada's most well-known and celebrated filmmakers.Maddin has directed twelve feature films and numerous short films, inaddition to publishing three books and creating a host of installation art projects. A number of Maddin's recent films began as or developed from installation artprojects, and his books also relate to his film work. Maddin is known for his fascination with lost Silent-era films and for incorporating their aesthetics into his ownwork. Maddin has been the subject of much critical praise and academic attention, including two books of interviews with Maddin and two book-length academicstudies of his work. Maddin was appointed to the Order of Canada, the country's highest civilian honour, in 2012.Maddin first served as a visiting lecturer atHarvard University's Department of Art, Film, and Visual Studies in 2015. Until then, he had always lived in Winnipeg.Life and careerEarly life (1956–84)GuyMaddin was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, to Herdis Maddin (a hairdresser) and Charles "Chas" Maddin (grain clerk and general manager of the Maroons, aWinnipeg hockey team). Maddin has three older siblings: Ross (b. 1944), Cameron (1946–63), and Janet (b. 1949). Maddin attended Winnipeg public schools—the Greenway School (elementary school), General Wolfe (junior high school), and the Daniel McIntyre Collegiate Institute (high school).Maddin's early life wasmarked by tragedy—in February 1963, his brother Cameron killed himself on the grave of his girlfriend, who had died in a car accident. Maddin studied economicsat the University of Winnipeg, graduating in 1977 without a plan to become a filmmaker. That same year, Maddin's father died suddenly after a stroke, andMaddin married Martha Jane Waugh. Their daughter, Jilian, was born in 1978, and Maddin and Waugh divorced in 1979.After graduating, Maddin held a variety ofodd jobs, including bank manager, house painter, and photo archivist. Maddin began to take film classes at the University of Manitoba. There, Maddin met filmprofessor Stephen Snyder, who held regular film screenings of titles from the school's film library at his home. Maddin attended, as did some early collaborators,including his friend John Boles Harvie, the future star of Maddin's first film, and filmmaker John Paizs. Maddin appeared as an actor in two of Paizs' short films, asa student in Oak, Ivy, and Other Dead Elms (1982) and as a transvestite, homicidal nurse in The International Style (1983). Maddin drew early inspiration fromthe films of John Paizs, as well as experimental shorts by Stephen Snyder. Other early influences included L'Age d'Or by Luis Buñuel (in collaboration withSalvador Dalí) and Eraserhead by David Lynch. Maddin has stated that these films, along with the work of Paizs and Snyder, "were movies that were primitive inmany respects. They were low budget, they used nonactors or nonstars, they used atmospheres and ideas, and were unbelievably honest, frank, and, therefore,exciting to me. They made moviemaking seem possible to me." Maddin also met film professor George Toles, who became Maddin's cowriter on many of hisfuture films. Maddin's core group of friends from this period, who played various roles in the production of his early film projects, were known as "the Drones" andincluded Harvie, Ian Handford, and Kyle McCulloch (now a writer for South Park).Maddin joined the Winnipeg Film Group around this time, and also becamefriends with producer Greg Klymkiw, with whom he began making a cable access television show, Survival (c. 1985–87). Survival was a satirical talk showcentred around, as its opening credits noted, how "we must survive the inevitable social/economic collapse and/or nuclear holocaust". The show became a cult hit


Passage 1:Mordechai RotenbergMordechai Rotenberg (born 1932) (Hebrew:  ) is an Israeli professor of social work at the HebrewUniversity of Jerusalem.BiographyMordechai Rotenberg was born in Breslau, Germany (today Wrocław, Poland). His father was from Warsaw, descended fromRabbi Yitzchak Meir Alter, the founder of the Gur Hasidic sect.  His father owned a publishing house in Breslau. In 1939, on the eve of World War II, the familyimmigrated to Palestine. Rotenberg's father opened a small printing press in Jerusalem. Rotenberg grew up in a Haredi household, with three brothers and asister.In 1960, he graduated from the Hebrew University with a BA in education and sociology from the School of Social Work.  In 1962, he received his MSWfrom New York University. In 1969, he was awarded a Ph.D. in social welfare and social psychology at University of California, Berkeley.In 1970, Rotenberg joinedthe faculty of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, becoming a full professor in 1980. He founded a new sub-discipline in psychology and religion.  He is the authorof ten books, which have been translated into English, French, Portuguese and Japanese. Rotenberg has taught at University of Pennsylvania, University ofCalifornia, Berkeley, the Jewish Theological Seminary, City University of New York and Yeshiva University.Clinical approachRotenberg has developed innovativetheories based on psychological interpretations of Hasidic and Midrashic concepts. He describes his approach as "re-biography", i.e.,  "rereading one's biographyso it becomes possible to live with the text." In an interview with Haaretz newspaper he said: "All of life is a text, and I am proposing a new term - recomposition,rewriting the melody of life. You do not have to erase the past, but it can be re-composed, and to that end I cite examples from the Gemara."TzimtzumparadigmRotenberg has adopted the Kabbalistic-Hasidic tzimtzum paradigm, which he believes has significant implications for clinical therapy. According to thisparadigm, God's "self-contraction" to vacate space for the world serves as a model for human behavior and interaction. The tzimtzum model promotes a uniquecommunity-centric approach which contrasts starkly with the language of Western psychology.AwardsIn 2009, Rotenberg was awarded the Israel Prize for socialwork, in connection with his research in social welfare.Published worksDamnation and Deviance: The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of FailureRewriting the Self:Psychotherapy and MidrashThe Yetzer: A Kabbalistic Psychology of Eroticism and Human SexualityHasidic Psychology: Making Space for OthersCreativity andSexuality: A Kabbalistic ExperienceBetween Rationality and Irrationality: The Jewish Psychotherapeutic SystemDialogue With DevianceThe Trance of Terror,Psycho-Religious FundaMentalism: Roots and RemediesDia-logo Therapy: Psychonarration and PaRDeSRe-Biographing and Deviance: PsychotherapeuticNarrativism and the MidrashSee alsoList of Israel Prize recipientsPassage 2:Dave Grossman (game developer)Dave Grossman is an American game programmerand game designer, most known for his work at Telltale Games and early work at LucasArts. He has also written several children's books, and a book of "guypoetry" called Ode to the Stuff in the Sink.Game industry careerGrossman joined Lucasfilm Games, later known as LucasArts in 1989. At LucasArts, Grossmanwrote and programmed The Secret of Monkey Island and Monkey Island 2: LeChuck's Revenge together with Ron Gilbert and Tim Schafer. He later co-designedDay of the Tentacle.Grossman quit LucasArts in 1994 to begin a freelance career. For Humongous Entertainment, a company co-founded by Ron Gilbert, hehelped create many critically acclaimed games aimed at children, such as the Pajama Sam series. Later he also wrote children's games for Hulabee Entertainmentand Disney.He then designed adventure games at Telltale Games, a company founded by LucasArts veterans. He joined Telltale in 2005 as lead designer. In2009, he returned to his Monkey Island roots, as Design Director on Telltale Games' episodic Tales of Monkey Island.He left Telltale in August 2014 and joinedAmazon Alexa gaming specialists, Reactive Studios, in November 2014 as Chief Creative Officer. Reactive Studios has since changed its name to EarPlay.In 2020he joined Ron Gilbert in developing Return to Monkey Island. The game was released in 2022.Children's booksLyrick Publishing published three books written byGrossman that were based on characters from Humongous Entertainment's games. They were Freddi Fish: The Big Froople Match, Pajama Sam: Mission to theMoon, and Freddi Fish: The Missing Letters Mystery.For Fisher-Price/Nickelodeon, Grossman authored two interactive books, SpongeBob SquarePants: SleepyTime and Fairly OddParents: Squawkers.Other worksGrossman claimed that his interests in other works were often inspired by his father, "I guess I've inherited acertain restless tinkerer's curiosity from my father (who mainly works in words, wood, photography and architecture, often in combination)." This include hisinterests in writing, drawing, sculpture, and music.Grossman is the author of "Ode to the Stuff in the Sink: A Book of Guy Poetry," which he self-published in2002. It contains a selection of illustrated poems dedicated to different aspects of male life, including inability to dance, old stuff in the fridge, and unwillingnessto clean anything. The book is available from Dave Grossman's personal website, Phrenopolis.com. Many of the poems were first published in his Poem of theWeek electronic mailing list.Grossman co-designed a successful robot toy for Fisher-Price.Game contributionsGrossman also made contributions to The Dig, TotalAnnihilation, and Insecticide, and was a script editor on Voodoo Vince. He also designed the trophies / Steam achievements for the remastered version of Day ofthe Tentacle.Passage 3:Alan McKenzieAlan McKenzie is a British comics writer and editor known for his work at 2000 AD.BiographyMcKenzie worked for Marvel UKduring the early 1980s, editing Starburst, Cinema and Doctor Who Monthly magazines. After leaving the Marvel staff in 1985, he wrote several Doctor Who comicstories for the Monthly under the pseudonym Max Stockbridge. He then wrote three non-fiction books, The Harrison Ford Story (1985), Hollywood Tricks of theTrade (1986) and How to Draw and Sell Comic Strips (1987) before contributing comic scripts to IPC's Battle Action and later 2000 AD.In 1987, he joined theeditorial team of 2000 AD as a freelancer, and from 1987–1994 he created a number of stories including Bradley, Brigand Doom and Journal of Luke Kirby. Healso served in 1994 as the comic's editor.BibliographyComicsComics work includes:Doctor Who (with John Ridgway):"War-Game" (in Doctor Who Magazine#100-101, 1986)"Funhouse" (in Doctor Who Magazine #102-103, 1986)"Kane's Story" / "Abel's Story" / "The Warrior's Story" / "Frobisher's Story" (in DoctorWho Magazine #104-107, 1986)"Exodus" / "Revelation" / "Genesis" (in Doctor Who Magazine #108-110, 1986)Tharg's Future Shocks:"The Star Warriors" (withNik Williams, in 2000 AD #517, 1987)"Some One is Watching Me" (with Liam Sharp, in 2000 AD #531, 1987)"Bliss" (with Mark Farmer, in 2000 AD #571,1988)Universal Soldier (with Will Simpson & Brett Ewins):"Universal Soldier" (in 2000 AD #537-543, 1987)"Universal Soldier II" (in 2000 AD #672-682,1990)"Universal Soldier: The Indestructible Man" (in 2000 AD #750-759, 1991)The Journal of Luke Kirby:"Summer Magic" (with John Ridgway, in 2000 AD#571-577, 1988)"A Winter's Tale" (with Graham Higgins, in 2000 AD Winter Special 1, 1988)"The Dark Path" (with John Ridgway, in 2000 AD Sci-Fi Special1990)"The Night Walker" (with John Ridgway, in 2000 AD #800-812, 1992)"Sympathy for the Devil Prologue" (with John Ridgway, in 2000 AD #850-851,1993)"Trick or Treat" (with John Ridgway, in 2000 AD 1994 Yearbook, 1993)"Sympathy for the Devil" (with Steve Parkhouse, in 2000 AD #873-877 and 884-888,1994)"The Old Straight Track" (with Steve Parkhouse, in 2000 AD #954 - 963, 1995)"The Price" (with John Ridgway, in 2000 AD #972, 1995)Moon Runners (withMassimo Belardinelli):"Moonrunners" (co-written with Steve Parkhouse, in 2000 AD #591-606, 1988)"Moonrunners: Old Acquaintance" (in 2000 AD #641-644,1989)Bradley (with Simon Harrison):"Bradley Goes Pop" (in 2000 AD #660-682, 1990)"Bradley's Bedtime Stories" (in 2000 AD #795-799, 825-827,1992–1993)"Bradley: The Sprog Prince" (in 2000 AD #885-888, 1994)"Bradley: Master of the Martial Arts" (in 2000 AD #901-903, 1994)Brigand Doom (withDave D'Antiquis):"Brigand Doom" (in 2000 AD #717-722, 1991)"Voodoo Child" (in 2000 AD #764-773, 1992)"Spirits Willing" (in 2000 AD #815-818,1992–1993)"House of Games" (in 2000 AD #897-899, 1994)"Account Yorga-Vampire" (in 2000 AD #932-936, 1995)Tales from Beyond Science (with RianHughes, tpb, 88 pages, Image Comics, January 2012, ISBN 1-60706-471-5) collects:"The Music Man" (in 2000 AD #775, 1992)"Agents of Mu-Mu" (in 2000 AD#777, 1992)Mean Arena: "Mean Arena" (with Anthony Williams, in 2000 AD #852-863, 1993)Soul Gun Warrior (with Shaky Kane):"Soul Gun Warrior" (withco-writer M. Coulthard, in 2000 AD #867-872, 1993–1994)"Soul Gun Assassin" (with co-writer M. Coulthard, in 2000 AD #920-925, 1994–1995)Tharg's TerrorTales:"The Last Victim" (with Mick Austin, in 2000 AD #840, 1993)"Meat is Meat" (with Mick Austin, in 2000 AD Yearbook 1994), 1993)"The Succubus" (with PaulJohnson, in 2000 AD #894, 1994)Vector 13 (created format, with Dave D'Antiquis):"Case Five: The Henderson Event" (in 2000 AD #955, 1995)"Case Five:Assassin" (in 2000 AD #992, 1996)Chopper: "Supersurf 13" (with John Higgins, 2000 AD #964-971, 1995)BooksNon-comics work includes:The Harrison FordStory (Arbor House, 1984, ISBN 0-87795-667-7, Zomba Books, 1985, ISBN 0-946391-64-5, Air Pirate Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-9569149-1-0)How to Draw andSell Comic Strips (1987/1996/2005, Titan Books, ISBN 1-84576-076-X)Hollywood Tricks of the Trade (co-author, Gallery Books, 1987, ISBN0-8317-4240-2)Passage 4:Joseph L. ArmstrongJoseph L. Armstrong was a professor at Duke University (at the time, called "Trinity College") best known forreforming Duke's curriculum in the late nineteenth century, changing it to a German research university model with the help of John Franklin Crowell. Armstrongdid his undergraduate work at Johns Hopkins University and graduate work at the University of Leipzig.Passage 5:David ShuteDavid Shute is a British journalist,best known for his work at the BBC.CareerShute was educated at Brentwood School in Essex. While working on newspapers in Reading he was auditioned by theBBC in Bristol and immediately signed on contract. He made a reputation for engaging in adventurous broadcasts such as deep sea diving, riding on the back of aRoyal Artillery motorcycle during a display and, while covering a story on the changing face of circus life, going on the flying trapeze. David Shute was the firstperson to broadcast live to the UK while travelling through the sound barrier. He is regularly on BBC Radio Four's Today programme. As a reporter he covered


Passage 1:La Bestia humanaLa Bestia humana is a 1957 Argentine film whose story is based on the 1890 novel La Bête Humaine by the French writer Émile Zola.External linksLa Bestia humana at IMDbPassage 2:Miloš ZličićMiloš Zličić (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош Зличић; born 29 December 1999) is a Serbian football forward who plays for Smederevo 1924. He is a younger brother of Lazar Zličić.Club careerVojvodinaBorn in Novi Sad, Zličić passed Vojvodina youth school and joined the first team at the age of 16. Previously, he was nominated for the best player of the "Tournament of Friendship", played in 2015. He made his senior debut in a friendly match against OFK Bačka during the spring half of the 2015–16 season, along with a year younger Mihajlo Nešković. Zličić made an official debut for Vojvodina in the 16th fixture of the 2016–17 Serbian SuperLiga season, played on 19 November 2016 against Novi Pazar.Loan to CementIn July 2018, Zličić joined the Serbian League Vojvodina side Cement Beočin on half-year loan deal. Zličić made his debut in an official match for Cement on 18 August, in the first round of the new season of the Serbian League Vojvodina, in a defeat against Omladinac. He scored his first senior goal on 25 August, in victory against Radnički.International careerZličić was called in Serbia U15 national team squad during the 2014, and he also appeared for under-16 national team between 2014 and 2015. He was also member of a U17 level later. After that, he was member of a U18 level, and scored goal against Slovenia U18.Career statisticsAs of 26 February 2020Passage 3:Roman PolanskiRaymond Roman Thierry Polański (né Liebling; 18 August 1933) is a French and Polish film director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. He is the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, two British Academy Film Awards, nine César Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, as well as the Golden Bear and a Palme d'Or.His Polish Jewish parents moved the family from his birthplace in Paris back to Kraków in 1937. Two years later, the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany started World War II, and the family found themselves trapped in the Kraków Ghetto. After his mother and father were taken in raids, Polanski spent his formative years in foster homes, surviving the Holocaust by adopting a false identity and concealing his Jewish heritage. Polanski's first feature-length film, Knife in the Water (1962), was made in Poland and was nominated for the United States Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. After living in France for a few years, he moved to the United Kingdom, where he directed his first three English-language feature-length films: Repulsion (1965), Cul-de-sac (1966), and The Fearless Vampire Killers (1967). In 1968, he moved to the United States and cemented his status in the film industry by directing the horror film Rosemary's Baby (1968).In 1969, Polanski's pregnant wife, actress Sharon Tate, was murdered with four friends by members of the Manson Family. He made Macbeth (1971) in England and Chinatown (1974) back in Hollywood. Polanski was arrested and charged in 1977 with drugging and raping a 13-year-old girl. As a result of a plea bargain, he pleaded guilty to the lesser offence of unlawful sex with a minor. In 1978, upon learning that the judge planned to reject his plea deal and impose a prison term instead of probation, Polanski fled to Paris and has since been a fugitive from the U.S. criminal justice system. After fleeing to Europe, Polanski continued directing. His other critically acclaimed films include Tess (1979), The Pianist (2002) which won him the Academy Award for Best Director, The Ghost Writer (2010), Venus in Fur (2013), and An Officer and a Spy (2019).Early lifePolanski was born in Paris. He was the son of Bula (aka "Bella") Katz-Przedborska and Mojżesz (or Maurycy) Liebling (later Polański), a painter and manufacturer of sculptures, who after World War II was known as Ryszard Polański. Polanski's father was Jewish and originally from Poland; Polanski's mother, born in Russia, had been raised Catholic but was half Jewish. His mother had a daughter, Annette, by her previous husband. Annette survived Auschwitz, where her mother was murdered, and left Poland forever for France.  Polanski's parents were both agnostics. Polanski later stated that he was an atheist.World War II and the HolocaustThe Polański family moved back to Kraków, Poland, in early 1937, and were living there when World War II began with the invasion of Poland. Kraków was soon occupied by the German forces, and the racist and anti-Semitic Nuremberg Laws made the Polańskis targets of persecution, forcing them into the Kraków Ghetto, along with thousands of the city's Jews. Around the age of six, Polanski attended primary school for only a few weeks, until "all the Jewish children were abruptly expelled", writes biographer Christopher Sandford. That initiative was soon followed by the requirement that all Jewish children over the age of twelve wear white armbands with a blue Star of David imprinted for visual identification. After he was expelled, Polanksi would not be allowed to enter another classroom for six years.: 18 Polanski witnessed both the ghettoization of Kraków's Jews into a compact area of the city, and the subsequent deportation of all the ghetto's Jews to German death camps. He watched as his father was taken away. He remembers from age six, one of his first experiences of the terrors to follow:I had just been visiting my grandmother ... when I received a foretaste of things to come. At first, I didn't know what was happening. I simply saw people scattering in all directions. Then I realized why the street had emptied so quickly. Some women were being herded along it by German soldiers. Instead of running away like the rest, I felt compelled to watch.One older woman at the rear of the column couldn't keep up. A German officer kept prodding her back into line, but she fell down on all fours ... Suddenly a pistol appeared in the officer's hand. There was a loud bang, and blood came welling out of her back. I ran straight into the nearest building, squeezed into a smelly recess beneath some wooden stairs, and didn't come out for hours. I developed a strange habit: clenching my fists so hard that my palms became permanently calloused. I also woke up one morning to find that I had wet my bed.Polanski's father was transferred, along with thousands of other Jews, to Mauthausen, a group of 49 German concentration camps in Austria. His mother, who was four months pregnant at the time, was taken to Auschwitz and killed in the gas chamber soon after arriving. The forced exodus took place immediately after the German liquidation of the Warsaw Ghetto, a real-life backdrop to Polanski's film The Pianist (2002). Polanski, who was then hiding from the Germans, saw his father being marched off with a long line of people. Polanski tried getting closer to his father to ask him what was happening and got within a few yards. His father saw him, but afraid his son might be spotted by the German soldiers, whispered (in Polish), "Get lost!": 24 Polanski escaped the Kraków Ghetto in 1943 and survived with the help of some Polish Roman Catholics, including a woman who had promised Polanski's father that she would shelter the boy.: 21 Polanski attended church, learned to recite Catholic prayers by heart, and behaved outwardly as a Roman Catholic, although he was never baptized. His efforts to blend into a Catholic household failed miserably at least once, when the parish priest visiting the family posed questions to him one-on-one about the catechism, and ultimately said, "You aren't one of us". The punishment for helping a Jew in German-occupied Poland was death.As Polanski roamed the countryside trying to survive in a Poland now occupied by German troops, he witnessed many horrors, such as being "forced to take part in a cruel and sadistic game in which German soldiers took shots at him for target practice". The author Ian Freer concludes that Polanski's constant childhood fears and dread of violence have contributed to the "tangible atmospheres he conjures up on film". By the time the war ended in 1945, a fifth of the Polish population had been killed, the vast majority being civilians. Of those deaths, 3 million were Polish Jews, which accounted for 90% of the country's Jewish population. According to Sandford, Polanski would use the memory of his mother, her dress and makeup style, as a physical model for Faye Dunaway's character in his film Chinatown (1974).: 13After the warAfter the war, Polanksi was reunited with his father and moved back to Kraków. His father remarried on 21 December 1946 to Wanda Zajączkowska (whom Polanski had never liked) and died of cancer in 1984. Time repaired the family contacts; Polanski visited them in Kraków, and relatives visited him in Hollywood and Paris. Polanski recalls the villages and families he lived with as relatively primitive by European standards:They were really simple Catholic peasants. This Polish village was like the English village in Tess. Very primitive. No electricity. The kids with whom I lived didn't know about electricity ... they wouldn't believe me when I told them it was enough to turn on a switch!Polanski stated that "you must live in a Communist country to really understand how bad it can be. Then you will appreciate capitalism." He also remembered events at the war's end and his reintroduction to mainstream society when he was 12, forming friendships with other children, such as Roma Ligocka, Ryszard Horowitz and his family.Introduction to moviesPolanski's fascination with cinema began very early when he was around age four or five. He recalls this period in an interview:Even as a child, I always loved cinema and was thrilled when my parents would take me before the war. Then we were put into the ghetto in Krakòw and there was no cinema, but the Germans often showed newsreels to the people outside the ghetto, on a screen in the market place. And there was one particular corner where you could see the screen through the barbed wire. I remember watching with fascination, although all they were showing was the German army and German tanks, with occasional anti-Jewish slogans inserted on cards.After the war, he watched films, either at school or at a local cinema, using whatever pocket money he had. Polanski writes, "Most of this went on the movies, but movie seats were dirt cheap, so a little went a long way. I lapped up every kind of film." As time went on, movies became more than an escape into entertainment, as he explains:Movies were becoming an absolute obsession with me. I was enthralled by everything connected with the cinema—not just the movies themselves but the aura that surrounded them. I loved the luminous rectangle of the screen, the sight of the beam slicing through the darkness from the projection booth, the miraculous synchronization of sound and vision, even the dusty smell of the tip-up seats. More than anything else though, I was fascinated by the actual mechanics of the process. He was above all influenced by Sir Carol Reed's Odd Man Out (1947) – "I still consider it as one of the best movies I've ever seen and a film which made me want to pursue this career more than anything else ... I always dreamt of doing things of this sort or that style. To a certain extent I must say that I somehow perpetuate the ideas of that movie in what I do."Early career in PolandPolanski attended the National Film School in Łódź, the third-largest city in


Passage 1:Paul BrookePaul Brooke (born 22 November 1944) is a retired English actor of film, television and radio. He made his film debut in 1972 in the Hammer film Straight on till Morning, followed by performances in For Your Eyes Only (1981), Return of the Jedi (1983), Scandal (1989), Saving Grace (2000), Bridget Jones's Diary (2001), Alfie (2004), The Phantom of the Opera (2004), and Oliver Twist (2005). Brooke is the father of actor Tom Brooke.CareerBrooke began as a stage actor and has played in many London productions, including several years as a member of Frank Dunlop's original Young Vic Company. He played Malakili the Rancor Keeper in the 1983 Star Wars film Return of the Jedi (his voiced dubbed over by Ernie Fosselius). He played British Conservative politician Ian Gow in the 2004 BBC series The Alan Clark Diaries. In 2006, he guest starred in the Doctor Who audio adventure Year of the Pig as well as the 1990 Mr. Bean sketch "The Library". He played Mr. Fitzherbert in the 2001 film Bridget Jones's Diary.Other appearances in television dramas and comedies featuring Brooke include The Blackadder, Bertie and Elizabeth, the BBC adaptation of Blott on the Landscape, Lovejoy, Foyle's War, Rab C. Nesbitt, Kavanagh QC, Sharpe's Revenge, Midsomer Murders, Hustle, Covington Cross, The Kit Curran Radio Show, Between the Lines, Relic Hunter and Mornin' Sarge. He appeared in the miniseries Nostromo in 1997.He played Gríma Wormtongue in the 1981 BBC radio adaptation of The Lord of the Rings.He, Linal Haft and Frank Mills are the only actors to appear in both the Classic and New series of Minder, but playing different roles in each.FilmographyFilmTelevisionExternal linksPaul Brooke at IMDbPassage 2:Peter HamelPeter Hamel (1911–1979) was a German screenwriter and a director of film and television. He appeared as himself in the 1948 comedy Film Without a Title. He is the father of the composer Peter Michael Hamel.Selected filmographyFilm Without a Title (1948)Artists' Blood (1949)Oh, You Dear Fridolin (1952)The Daring Swimmer (1957)Passage 3:Obata ToramoriObata Toramori (, 1491 – July 14, 1561) was Japanese samurai warrior of the Sengoku Period. He is known as one of the "Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda Shingen" He also recorded as having been wounded 41 times in 36 encounters. He was the father of Obata Masamori.See alsoIsao ObataPassage 4:Oskar RoehlerOskar Roehler (born 21 January 1959) is a German film director, screenwriter and journalist. He was born in Starnberg, the son of writers Gisela Elsner and Klaus Roehler. Since the mid-1980s, he has been working as a screenwriter, for, among others, Niklaus Schilling, Christoph Schlingensief and Mark Schlichter. Since the early 1990s, he has also been working as a film director. For his film No Place to Go he won the Deutscher Filmpreis. His 2010 film Jew Suss: Rise and Fall was nominated for the Golden Bear at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival.Partial filmographyGentleman (1995)Silvester Countdown (1997)Gierig (1999)Latin Lover (1999, TV film)No Place to Go (2000)Suck My Dick (2001)Beloved Sister (2002, TV film)Angst (2003)Agnes and His Brothers (2004)The Elementary Particles (2006)Lulu and Jimi (2009)Jew Suss: Rise and Fall (2010)Sources of Life (2013)Punk Berlin 1982 (2015)Subs (2017)Enfant Terrible (2020)Passage 5:Inoue Masaru (bureaucrat)Viscount Inoue Masaru ( , August 25, 1843 – August 2, 1910) was the first Director of Railways in Japan and is known as the "father of the Japanese railways".BiographyHe was born into the Chōshū clan at Hagi, Yamaguchi, the son of Katsuyuki Inoue. He was briefly adopted into the Nomura family and became known as Nomura Yakichi, though he was later restored to the Inoue family.Masaru Inoue was brought up as the son of a samurai belonging to the Chōshū fief. At 15, he entered the Nagasaki Naval Academy established by the Tokugawa shogunate under the direction of a Dutch naval officer. In 1863, Inoue and four friends from the Chōshū clan stowed away on a vessel to the United Kingdom. He studied civil engineering and mining at University College London and returned to Japan in 1868. After working for the government as a technical officer supervising the mining industry, he was appointed Director of the Railway Board in 1871. Inoue played a leading role in Japan's railway planning and construction, including the construction of the Nakasendo Railway, the selection of the alternative route (Tokaido), and the proposals for future mainline railway networks.In 1891 Masaru Inoue founded Koiwai Farm with Yanosuke Iwasaki and Shin Onogi.  After retirement from the government, Inoue founded Kisha Seizo Kaisha, the first locomotive manufacturer in Japan, becoming its first president in 1896. In 1909 he was appointed President of the Imperial Railway Association. He died of an illness in London in 1910, during an official visit on behalf of the Ministry of Railways.HonorsInoue and his friends later came to be known as the Chōshū Five. To commemorate their stay in London, two scholarships, known as the Inoue Masaru Scholarships, are available each session under the University College London 1863 Japan Scholarships scheme to enable University College students to study at a Japanese University. The value of the scholarships are £3000 each.His tomb is in the triangular area of land where the Tōkaidō Main Line meets the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in Kita-Shinagawa.Chōshū FiveThese are the four other members of the "Chōshū Five":Itō Shunsuke (later Itō Hirobumii)Inoue Monta (later Inoue Kaoru)Yamao Yōzō who later studied engineering at the Andersonian Institute, Glasgow, 1866-68 while working at the shipyards by dayEndō KinsukeSee alsoJapanese students in BritainStatue of Inoue MasaruPassage 6:Cleomenes IICleomenes II (Greek: Κλεομένης; died 309 BC) was king of Sparta from 370 to 309 BC. He was the second son of Cleombrotus I, and grandfather of Areus I, who succeeded him. Although he reigned for more than 60 years, his life is completely unknown, apart from a victory at the Pythian Games in 336 BC. Several theories have been suggested by modern historians to explain such inactivity, but none has gained consensus.Life and reignCleomenes was the second son of king Cleombrotus I (r. 380–371), who belonged to the Agiad dynasty, one of the two royal families of Sparta (the other being the Eurypontids). Cleombrotus died fighting Thebes at the famous Battle of Leuctra in 371. His eldest son Agesipolis II succeeded him, but he died soon after in 370. Cleomenes' reign was instead exceptionally long, lasting 60 years and 10 months according to Diodorus of Sicily, a historian of the 1st century BC. In a second statement, Diodorus nevertheless tells that Cleomenes II reigned 34 years, but he confused him with his namesake Cleomenes I (r. 524–490).Despite the outstanding length of his reign, very little can be said about Cleomenes. He has been described by modern historians as a "nonentity". Perhaps that the apparent weakness of Cleomenes inspired the negative opinion of the hereditary kingship at Sparta expressed by Aristotle in his Politics (written between 336 and 322). However, Cleomenes may have focused on internal politics within Sparta, because military duties were apparently given to the Eurypontid Agesilaus II (r. 400–c.360), Archidamus III (r. 360–338), and Agis III (r. 338–331). As the Spartans notably kept their policies secret from foreign eyes, it would explain the silence of ancient sources on Cleomenes. Another explanation is that his duties were assumed by his elder son Acrotatus, described as a military leader by Diodorus, who mentions him in the aftermath of the Battle of Megalopolis in 331, and again in 315.Cleomenes' only known deed was his chariot race victory at the Pythian Games in Delphi in 336. In the following autumn, he gave the small sum of 510 drachmas for the reconstruction of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, which had been destroyed by an earthquake in 373. Cleomenes might have made this gift as a pretext to go to Delphi and engage in informal diplomacy with other Greek states, possibly to discuss the consequences of the recent assassination of the Macedonian king Philip II.One short witticism of Cleomenes regarding cockfighting is preserved in the Moralia, written by the philosopher Plutarch in the early 2nd century AD:Somebody promised to give to Cleomenes cocks that would die fighting, but he retorted, "No, don't, but give me those that kill fighting."As Acrotatus died before Cleomenes, the latter's grandson Areus I succeeded him while still very young, so Cleomenes' second son Cleonymus acted as regent until Areus' majority. Some modern scholars also give Cleomenes a daughter named Archidamia, who played an important role during Pyrrhus' invasion of the Peloponnese, but the age difference makes it unlikely.Passage 7:Yasuichi OshimaYasuichi Oshima ( , Ōshima Yasuichi, born 24 March 1954 in Kyoto) is a Japanese manga artist. In 1984, he won the Kodansha Manga Award for shōnen for Bats & Terry.He is the father of manga artist Towa Oshima.Selected worksKenkaku Shōbai (2008–2021)Passage 8:Sources of LifeSources of Life (German: Quellen des Lebens) is a 2013 German film directed by Oskar Roehler.CastJürgen Vogel as Erich FreytagMoritz Bleibtreu as Klaus FreytagKostja Ullmann as Young Klaus FreitagMeret Becker as Elisabeth FreytagSonja Kirchberger as Marie FreytagLavinia Wilson as Gisela EllersLeonard Scheicher as Robert Freytag, 13–17 yearsLisa Smit as Laura, 13–17 yearsMargarita Broich as Hildegard EllersThomas Heinze as Martin EllersRolf Zacher as ErwinPassage 9:Ian Barry (director)Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV.Select creditsWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)Stone (1974) (editor only)The Chain Reaction (1980)Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)Minnamurra (1989)Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)Crimebroker (1993)Inferno (1998) (TV movie)Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)The Doctor Blake Mysteries (2013)Passage 10:Lars EliassonLars Eliasson  (December 8, 1914 – June 5, 2002) was a Swedish politician. He was a member of the Centre Party. He was the party's first vice chairman 1957-69 and a member of the Parliament of Sweden 1952–1970. For a short time in 1957, he was a minister in the Government of Sweden, in the Second cabinet of Erlander.He is the father of the later Member of Parliament Anna Eliasson.


Passage 1:Olivier BarouxOlivier Baroux (born 5 January 1964) is a French actor, comedian, writer and director who has acted both on stage and on screen. Hefirst became known in forming with Kad Merad, the duo Kad & Olivier then went solo, while finding Kad regularly. Baroux's movies on Le Tuche is inspired by thehurdles of the American dream. He is married to his wife Coralie since 2009. Baroux is set to appear in Les Tuche 3, with filming beginning in August2018.FilmographyActorWriter & DirectorVoiceExternal linksOlivier Baroux at IMDbPassage 2:Terence RobinsonTerence D. Robinson (date of birth and deathunknown) was a male wrestler who competed for England.Wrestling careerHe represented England and won a bronze medal, in the bantamweight category of -57kg , at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland.Passage 3:Les TucheLes Tuche is a 2011 French comedy film directed by Olivier Baroux. Asequel, Les Tuche 2, was released on 3 February 2016.PlotThe Tuche family is the stereotypical unemployed lower class French family.Jeff (the father) is theproud descendant of the unemployment welfare inventor, and has never worked a day in his life. Out of his 3 kids, the youngest one seems to be extremelyintelligent. This will come in handy when all of a sudden, they win €100 million in the lottery, and will attempt to fit in the Monaco's upper class.CastJean-PaulRouve as Jeff TucheIsabelle Nanty as Cathy TucheClaire Nadeau as Grandma SuzeThéo Fernandez as Donald TucheSarah Stern as Stéphanie TuchePierre Lottinas Wilfried TucheFadila Belkebla as MounaKarina Testa as SalmaPhilippe Lefebvre as BickardRalph Amoussou as Georges DioufJérôme Commandeur asHermannValérie Benguigui as ClaudiaOmar Sy as Bouzolles's monkKad Merad as Bouzolles's fishmongerPierre Bellemare as Bouzolles's mayorOlivier Baroux asMonnierRemakeAn Italian remake entitled Poveri ma ricchi (lit. 'Poor but rich') was released in December 2016.Passage 4:Les Tuche 2Les Tuche 2 - Le rêveaméricain is a 2016 French comedy film directed by Olivier Baroux. It is the sequel to Les Tuche. It earned over US$32.5 million and was the highest-grossingdomestic film in France in 2016, with 4,619,884 tickets sold.CastJean-Paul Rouve as Jeff TucheIsabelle Nanty as Cathy TucheClaire Nadeau as Grandma SuzeThéoFernandez as Donald TucheSarah Stern as Stéphanie TuchePierre Lottin as Wilfried TucheRalph Amoussou as Georges DioufDarrell Dennis as IndianReleaseLesTuche 2 was distributed by Pathé in France.ReceptionThe Hollywood Reporter gave the film a negative review, finding the films comedy as "puerile and naivewhenever it’s not straightforwardly moronic", noting a list of American clichés and that "like in local box-office monsters Intouchables and Serial (Bad) Weddings,what passes for crude humor in France can be perceived as racially insensitive in the U.S. and elsewhere". The review commented on the writing as "staggeringlylazy and unfocused".Passage 5:Théo FernandezThéo Fernandez (born in Toulouse on 18 September 1998) is a French film actor. He is best known for playing therole of Donald Tuche in Les Tuche (2011), Les Tuche 2 - Le rêve américain (2016) and Les Tuche 3 (2018). He plays the lead role of Gaston in the 2018 filmGaston Lagaffe, the main character in the comics Gaston created by the Belgian cartoonist André Franquin. Fernandez has also appeared in a number of TV filmsand TV series.Passage 6:Theodred II (Bishop of Elmham)Theodred II was a medieval Bishop of Elmham.The date of Theodred's consecration unknown, but thedate of his death was sometime between 995 and 997.Passage 7:Les Tuche 3Les Tuche 3, also known as The Magic Tuche, is a 2018 French comedy filmco-written by Olivier Baroux, Nessim Chikhaoui, Julien Hervé, Philippe Mechelen and Jean-Paul Rouve and directed by Olivier Baroux. It is a sequel of Les Tucheand Les Tuche 2: Le Rêve américain. It was released in January 2018 and was a commercial success.SynopsisJeff Tuche (played by Jean-Paul Rouve) is initiallydelighted with the news that the new TGV is passing near his village Bouzolles, but then discovers to his horror that the TGV will not have a stop in  Bouzolles. Hepleads with the French President of the Republic to reconsider the itinerary of the new TGV so that his village doesn't remain in isolation from the world. But nothearing from the Élysée, he decides to run for the French presidential election and succeeds becoming the French President, leaving him with the daunting task ofhow to govern France.CastJean-Paul Rouve as Jeff TucheIsabelle Nanty as Cathy TucheClaire Nadeau as Mamie SuzeSarah Stern as Stéphanie TuchePierre Lottinas Wilfried TucheThéo Fernandez as Donald TucheMarc Duret as Laurent DupuisRalph Amoussou as Georges DioufPassage 8:Etan BoritzerEtan Boritzer (born1950) is an American writer of children’s literature who is best known for his book What is God? first published in 1989. His best selling What is? illustratedchildren's book series on character education and difficult subjects for children is a popular teaching guide for parents, teachers and child-lifeprofessionals.Boritzer gained national critical acclaim after What is God? was published in 1989 although the book has caused controversy from religiousfundamentalists for its universalist views. The other current books in the What is? series include: What is Love?, What is Death?, What is Beautiful?, What isFunny?, What is Right?, What is Peace?, What is Money?, What is Dreaming?, What is a Friend?, What is True?, What is a Family?, and What is a Feeling? Theseries is now also translated into 15 languages.Boritzer was first published in 1963 at the age of 13 when he wrote an essay in his English class at Wade JuniorHigh School in the Bronx, New York on the assassination of John F. Kennedy. His essay was included in a special anthology by New York City public school childrencompiled and published by the New York City Department of Education.Boritzer now lives in Venice, California and maintains his publishing office there also. Hehas helped numerous other authors to get published through How to Get Your Book Published! programs. Boritzer is also a yoga teacher who teaches regularclasses locally and guest-teaches nationally. He is also recognized nationally as an erudite speaker on The Teachings of the Buddha.Passage 9:Ian Barry(director)Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV.Select creditsWaiting for Lucas (1973) (short)Stone (1974) (editor only)The Chain Reaction(1980)Whose Baby? (1986) (mini-series)Minnamurra (1989)Bodysurfer (1989) (mini-series)Ring of Scorpio (1990) (mini-series)Crimebroker (1993)Inferno(1998) (TV movie)Miss Lettie and Me (2002) (TV movie)Not Quite Hollywood: The Wild, Untold Story of Ozploitation! (2008) (documentary)The Doctor BlakeMysteries (2013)Passage 10:Brian Saunders (weightlifter)Brian Saunders (date of birth and death unknown) was a male weightlifter who competed forEngland.Weightlifting careerSaunders was the last person to be both the British Amateur Weight Lifters' Association (BAWLA) weightlifting champion and BAWLApowerlifting champion; the latter of which he won in 1970 and 1974.He represented England in the super heavyweight category of +110 kg Combined, at the1970 British Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland.


Passage 1:Princess Florestine of MonacoPrincess Florestine Gabrielle Antoinette of Monaco (22 October 1833 – 4 April 1897) was the youngest child and onlydaughter of Florestan I, Prince of Monaco, and his wife, Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz. Florestine was a member of the House of Grimaldi and a Princess ofMonaco by birth and a member of the House of Württemberg and Duchess consort of Urach and Countess of Württemberg through her marriage to Wilhelm, 1stDuke of Urach.Marriage and issueFlorestine married Count Wilhelm of Württemberg (later Wilhelm, 1st Duke of Urach), son of Duke Wilhelm of Württemberg andhis morganatic wife Baroness Wilhelmine von Tunderfeldt-Rhodis, on 15 February 1863 in Monaco. Florestine and Wilhelm had two sons:Wilhelm Karl FlorestanGero Crescentius (1864–1928), Count of Württemberg, 2nd Duke of Urach, and nominally King of Lithuania as Mindaugas II of Lithuania∞ 1892 Duchess Amaliein Bavaria (1865-1912), eldest daughter of the Duke Karl-Theodor in Bavaria∞ 1924 Princess Wiltrud Alix Marie of Bavaria (1884-1975), sixth daughter of LudwigIII of BavariaJosef Wilhelm Karl Florestan Gero Crescentius (1865–1925), Prince of UrachFlorestine's husband Wilhelm had converted to Roman Catholicism in1841, for his first marriage to Théodolinde de Beauharnais, who died in 1857.Monaco Succession Crisis of 1918Florestine, according to the rules governingsuccession to the throne of Monaco, was able to marry without relinquishing her rights. When her grandnephew Louis II, Prince of Monaco, ascended to theMonegasque throne, Florestine's son Wilhelm claimed his rights for his succession to the princely throne of Monaco and the Grimaldi noble titles. However, Francehad undergone two wars against Germany and did not wish to see German princes ruling the Principality of Monaco. Therefore, France reached an agreement withthe principality allowing the illegitimate daughter of Louis II, Charlotte, to be his heir presumptive to the princely throne and Grimaldi noble titles. Charlotterenounced and ceded her rights to the princely throne on 30 May 1944 to her son Rainier who became Rainier III, Prince of Monaco.HonoursWürttemberg: Dameof the Order of Olga, 1871 -  Spain: Dame of the Order of Queen Maria LuisaAncestryPassage 2:Charles III, Prince of MonacoCharles III (Charles HonoréGrimaldi; 8 December 1818 – 10 September 1889) was Prince of Monaco and Duke of Valentinois from 20 June 1856 to his death. He was the founder of thefamous casino in Monte Carlo, as his title in Monegasque and Italian was Carlo III. He was born in Paris, the only son of Florestan, Prince of Monaco, and MariaCaroline Gibert de Lametz.Marriage and reignWhile he was Hereditary Prince, Charles was married on 28 September 1846 in Brussels to Countess Antoinette deMérode-Westerloo.He succeeded his father Prince Florestan in 1856.During his reign, the towns of Menton and Roquebrune, constituting some 80 percent ofMonegasque territory, were formally ceded to France, paving the way for formal French recognition of Monaco's independence. Rebellions in these towns, aidedby the Kingdom of Sardinia, had exhausted Monaco's military resources for decades.The Principality was in dire need of cash flow, so Prince Charles and hismother, Princess Caroline, had the idea of erecting a casino. The Monte Carlo Casino was designed, according to the Prince's liking, in the German style andplaced at the site of Les Spélugues. Monte Carlo (in English, Mount Charles) itself takes its name from Charles, after all its founder. Charles established a society(business) to run the Casino; this society is today the Société des bains de mer de Monaco.Under Charles III, the Principality of Monaco increased its diplomaticactivities; for example, in 1864, Charles III concluded a Treaty of Friendship with the Bey of Tunis, Muhammad III as-Sadiq, which also regulated trade andmaritime issues.HonoursMonte Carlo is named after Charles III. It stands for the "Mount Charles" in Italian.The Order of Saint-Charles was instituted on 15 March1858, during the reign of Prince Charles III.He received the following decorations and awards: Grand Cross of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav, with Collar,27 March 1863 (Sweden-Norway) Grand Cross of the Order of the Dannebrog, in Brilliants, 16 February 1865 (Denmark) Grand Cross of the Grand Ducal HessianOrder of Ludwig, 17 April 1865 (Grand Duchy of Hesse) Grand Cross of the Royal and Distinguished Order of Charles III, 17 February 1867 (Spain) Grand Cross ofthe Order of the Red Eagle, 7 July 1869 (Kingdom of Prussia) Grand Cross of the Order of the Zähringer Lion, 1869 (Grand Duchy of Baden) Officer of the Legiond'Honneur, for his service in the French Navy in the Franco-Prussian War (French Empire) Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold (civil division), 30 August 1874(Belgium) Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1882 (Austria-Hungary) Grand Cross of the Royal Order of the White Eagle (civil division), 29May 1883 (Kingdom of Serbia) Knight of the Supreme Order of Christ (Holy See) Grand Cross of the Royal Military Order of the Tower and Sword (Kingdom ofPortugal)DeathIn his middle years his sight greatly weakened, and by the last decade of his life he had become almost totally blind. In fact, Dr. Thomas HenryPickering wrote in 1882: "So far back as 1860, Prince Charles lost his eyesight...."He died at Château de Marchais on 10 September 1889. He was succeeded byhis son Albert I of Monaco.CoinOn 1 June 2016, fifteen thousand 2 euro coins were issued by Monaco; commemorating the 150th anniversary of the foundation ofMonte Carlo by Charles IIIIn literatureCharles III is referenced, as Prince Charles Honoré, in a fictional entitled, The Fall of Prince Florestan of Monaco, by theBritish politician Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke. This work was one of satire and parody on a number of political characters of the day. It centered around aCambridge-educated, half-Württemberg nephew of Charles III who comes to the throne by way of Charles III and the next two heirs being wiped out of existence.The upstart "Florestan II", a radical republican, boldly attempts to democratize Monaco. He fails and then is forced to leave the country.AncestryPassage 3:MarianShields RobinsonMarian Lois Robinson (née Shields; born July 29, 1937) is the mother of Michelle Obama, former First Lady of the United States, and CraigRobinson, a basketball executive. She is the mother-in-law of 44th U.S. President Barack Obama.Ancestry and early lifeMarian Shields was born in Chicago in1937, the fourth of seven children—five girls, followed by two boys—born to Purnell Nathaniel Shields, a house painter and carpenter, and his wife RebeccaJumper, a licensed practical nurse. Both parents had multi-racial ancestry. Her mother's grandfather, Dolphus T. Shields (c. 1860–1950), was a direct descendantof slavery, with his mother a slave and his white father the heir of the slaveowner; he had moved from rural Georgia to Birmingham, Alabama, where heestablished his own carpentry and tool sharpening business. His descendants would eventually move to Chicago during the Great Migration.Personal lifeShieldsmarried Fraser Robinson III on October 27, 1960, in Chicago. They had two children together, Craig Malcolm and Michelle LaVaughn, named after Fraser'smother. She worked as a secretary for mail-order retailer Spiegel, the University of Chicago, and a bank. In the late 60's, Shields lived with her family in a rentedsecond floor apartment of a brick bungalow the South Side of Chicago that belonged to her aunt Robbie and her husband Terry. This is where she raised her twochildren, Michelle and Craig, and continued to live until she eventually moved to the White House with the Obamas. Michelle Obama, in her book Becoming,describes her mother's strong attachment to her Chicago home and her commitment to raising her children as a stay at home mother. Shields resumed work asan executive assistant at a bank when her daughter Michelle started high school.Relationship with Michelle ObamaMichelle describes her mother as forthright andhonest, and speaks of her implacability and her silent support as a child and beyond. Shields used to take her daughter Michelle to the library long before shestarted school and used to sit beside her as she learned to read and write. Usually the kind of mother who expected her children to settle their own disputes,Shields was quick to see real distress and stepped in to help when needed. For example, when Michelle was in second grade and was distressed because of beingdevalued by a teacher, Shields advocated for her and was instrumental in getting her daughter better learning opportunities at school. Shields encouraged herchildren to communicate with her about all subjects by being available when needed and giving practical advice. She entertained Michelle's school friends whenthey visited and enabled her to make her own choices in important matters.Obama campaign and life in the White HouseWhile Michelle and Barack Obamacampaigned for his candidacy as president in 2008, Robinson helped them by providing support to her granddaughters, Malia and Sasha Obama. During BarackObama's presidency, Robinson was living at the White House with the First Family.Passage 4:Florestan I, Prince of MonacoFlorestan (Tancrède Florestan RogerLouis Grimaldi; 10 October 1785, in Paris – 20 June 1856) was Prince of Monaco and Duke of Valentinois from 2 October 1841 until his death. He was the secondson of Prince Honoré IV and Louise d'Aumont Mazarin and succeeded to the throne on the death of his brother, Honoré V.Early life, education, and militarycareerBrought up by his mother, he showed an early and strong aptitude for literature. At the age of eleven, he enrolled in the School of Fontainebleau, but didnot stay there long. He entered the military, where he had many struggles and barely achieved the rank of Corporal. He was taken prisoner during the Frenchinvasion of Russia. He was not freed to return to France until 1814.Marriage and childrenPrince Florestan, age 29, married Maria Caroline Gibert de Lametz inCommercy on 27 November 1816. Apparently, his family disapproved of the union, so they had to marry "quietly and modestly." Florestan received only a smallincome from his family, so, as it turned out, his marriage to an upper-bourgeois family member of the province of Champagne was, in fact, "financiallyfavorable."The marriage produced the following:Charles III, Prince of Monaco (1818–1889)Princess Florestine of Monaco (1833–1897)ReignFlorestan wasill-prepared to assume the role of Sovereign Prince. Indeed, the British historian H. Pemberton wrote that, upon accession to the throne, Florestan was "a manutterly unsuited for the task before him." He had been an actor in the Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique. The real power during his reign lay in the hands of his wife,Princess Caroline, who possessed great intelligence and "excelled at social skills." According to the historian Gustave Saige, Princess Caroline's intelligence wasrequired to figure out the affairs of state, which Honoré V had handled absolutely by himself, not trusting anyone to advise or assist him. For some time, she wasable, by tax reform, to alleviate the difficult economic situation stemming from the Congress of Vienna assigning Monaco as a protectorate of the Kingdom of