Passage 1:A Slave of VanityA Slave of Vanity is a 1920 American silent drama film starring Pauline Frederick, and directed and written by Henry Otto. The film,which was adapted from Arthur Wing Pinero's 1901 play Iris, was produced and distributed by the Robertson-Cole Pictures Corporation that eventually becamepart of Film Booking Office of America. The film is now considered lost.PlotIris (Frederick), a British aristocrat, must choose between the poor Laurence (Barrie)and the rich Frederick (Louis). She decides to marry the wealthier Frederick, but at the last minute she changes her mind and runs off to Italy with Laurence.However, things do not work out quite the way she planned.CastPauline Frederick as Iris BellamyArthur Hoyt as Croker HarringtonNigel Barrie as LaurenceTrenwithWillard Louis as Frederick MaldonadoMaude Louis as Fanny SullivanDaisy Jefferson as Aurea VyseRuth Handforth as Miss PinsentHoward Gaye as ArthurKaneSee alsoList of lost filmsPassage 2:Shape of My HeartShape of My Heart may refer to:"Shape of My Heart" (Sting song), a 1993 song by Sting from thealbum Ten Summoner's Tales"Shape of My Heart" (Backstreet Boys song), a 2000 song by the Backstreet Boys"Shape of My Heart" (Noah and the Whale song),2008 song by Noah and the Whale, charting 94 in the UKShape of My Heart, a 2009 album by Katia Labèque"Shape of My Heart", a 2012 single by Rick Price fromThe Water's EdgeThe Shape of My Heart, the UK title of God-Shaped Hole, a 2003 novel by Tiffanie DeBartoloPassage 3:Half of My Heart (disambiguation)"Half ofMy Heart" is a 2009 song by John Mayer from his album Battle Studies featuring Taylor Swift.Half of My Heart may also refer to:"Half of My Heart", the lovetheme from the 1957 film Jeanne Eagels"Half of My Heart", a 1961 song by Emile Ford"Half of My Heart", a 2000 song by The Mooney Suzuki from People GetReady"Half of My Heart", a 2019 song by Megan McKennaPassage 4:Grace of My HeartGrace of My Heart is a 1996 American musical comedy-drama film writtenand directed by Allison Anders, and starring Illeana Douglas, Matt Dillon, Eric Stoltz, Patsy Kensit and John Turturro. The film charts the fictional music career ofDenise Waverly, an aspiring singer who writes for other artists in the pop music world of the mid-1960s. It premiered at the 1996 Toronto International FilmFestival and went into limited release on September 13, 1996. The soundtrack features artists Burt Bacharach, Elvis Costello, Joni Mitchell, Gerry Goffin and JillSobule, replicating the musical style that emerged from the Brill Building, New York City's  music factory in the heyday of girl groups and "pre-fab" acts like TheMonkees.PlotIn 1958, Philadelphia steel heiress Edna Buxton enters and wins a talent contest. When she attempts to record a demo, a studio producer tells herthat girl singers are not currently getting signed and record companies are even trying to get rid of the ones on their rosters. However, when Edna tells him thatshe wrote the song she wants to record, he is impressed enough to direct her to producer Joel Milner, who takes her under his wing, renames her "DeniseWaverly" and invents a blue-collar persona for her. Milner reworks her song for a male doo-wop group, the Stylettes, as male groups are far more marketable,and the song becomes a hit.Denise moves to New York City and becomes a songwriter in the Brill Building. At a party, she meets the arrogant songwriter HowardCaszatt, and despite an awkward initial meeting, they begin a relationship. Denise offers to write a song specifically for her three girlfriends, which culminates inJoel auditioning the girls and creating the girl group the Luminaries. Howard and Denise also begin writing together and eventually get married and have a child.They pen a song called “Unwanted Number,” based on a young girl's unwanted pregnancy. Although it is banned from radio, it attracts the attention of prominentand influential disc jockey John Murray, who, despite the negative attention around the song, credits Denise with sparking the girl group craze.Joel recruits thebeautiful English songwriter Cheryl Steed, who immediately catches Howard's eye, and initially, Denise's disdain. Cheryl diffuses Denise’s suspicion by informingher that she already has a songwriting partner – her husband Matthew. Joel tasks Denise and Cheryl with writing a song for the ingénue singer Kelly Porter. Thetwo women bond over the realization that the young songstress is in a closeted lesbian relationship with her roommate Marion. They write the coded song "MySecret Love" for Kelly, which becomes a hit.Denise’s relationship with Howard becomes strained due to his philandering with other women. When she learns she ispregnant with Howard's second baby, Cheryl convinces her to see an obstetrician, who safely performs an illegal abortion. Denise and Cheryl then become closefriends and Denise eventually breaks up with Howard.In 1966, Milner offers to send Denise to the studio to sing for herself. As an added incentive, he offers theproduction assistance of Jay Phillips, the frontman of California rock group the Riptides, to produce her single. Although initially hesitant as she says she finds thewhole "surf and turf" sound laughable, she writes and sings the song "God Give Me Strength" and is delighted by Jay's skillful orchestral arrangement. The recordshe puts out with him, however, is a commercial failure. Between the loss suffered by her foundering single and the advent of the British Invasion, Milner'sfortunes are depleted. Denise blames herself for making the song too personal and bankrupting Joel. He tells her she did more for him than she realized and thatit was time for them both to move on.Denise and Jay become a couple and resettle in California. Jay treats Denise’s daughter Luna as his own, but he is reclusiveand a user of recreational drugs like marijuana and peyote. Denise has since joined forces with the newly-divorced Cheryl to write songs for a bubblegum pop TVshow, Where the Action Is, though Jay insists to Denise that writing music for TV is beneath her.Jay's behavior becomes more erratic and he becomesincreasingly paranoid, causing his bandmates to distance themselves from him. He falls into a period of deep depression that seemingly abates after a visit fromhis friend "Jonesy", who reminds him of the things that are important in his life, including his "groovy new old lady", Denise.Thinking that the worst is over,Denise invites Jay to join her and Cheryl at the Whisky a Go Go to see Doris, a former Luminary member who embarked on a solo career after the girl groupbroke up, perform. Jay declines, saying he has a song idea he wants to explore, so Denise ends up going with Cheryl. While the women celebrate, Jay is revealedto be still in the throes of his depression; having put on a brave face for Denise's benefit. He walks into the ocean, taking his own life. Denise is further distraughtto discover that Jay's fans blame her for not intervening in his death.Numbed by the loss, Denise retires with her family to a hippie commune in northernCalifornia and tries to make sense of everything that has happened. Some time later, Joel visits Denise at the commune and takes her and the children to dinner.That night, he criticizes how far down she's allowed her grieving to take her and says that it's destroying her and her talent. Denise angrily lashes out, tellingMilner that he'd be nothing without her success. He agrees; however, the more he agrees with her, the angrier she becomes. She strikes him then collapses intears, grieving for Jay. Milner consoles her and the two are reconciled.With Joel's help, Denise creates the platinum-selling work "Grace of My Heart". As she laysdown the piano track for the song, her life is recounted in pictures, leading to the moment when her own mother receives a copy of her album in the mail with ahandwritten note. Seemingly proud of her daughter's success, she smiles.CastProductionThe story is loosely based on the career arc of singer-songwriter CaroleKing, who, like Denise, started out writing songs in the Brill Building for artists like Aretha Franklin, The Drifters, and Little Eva. The character Jay Phillips isloosely modeled on Brian Wilson of The Beach Boys.Allison Anders said she was inspired to make the film as a fan of the girl group The Shangri-Las. She was alsoinspired by the Alan Betrock book Girl Groups: The Story of A Sound, which contained photos of "Carole King and Gerry Goffin then others like Cynthia Weil andBarry Mann...it was interesting to read what Alan had to say about what that time was like back then and how they were all really just kids when they had been apart of that."Martin Scorsese is credited as Grace of My Heart's executive producer, and the film is co-edited by Scorsese’s longtime editor ThelmaSchoonmaker.ReceptionReleaseGrace of My Heart debuted at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 1996. It was theatrically released a fewdays later on September 13, 1996, just weeks ahead of Oscar-winning actor Tom Hanks' directorial debut That Thing You Do!, which also covered the early tomid-1960s pop music scene and featured original, retro-styled songs on the soundtrack. Grace of My Heart grossed $660,313 worldwide.Critical responseOn thereview aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 79% of 28 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 6.9/10.David Ansen of Newsweek praised the filmand wrote while it "is not the smoothest trip" story-wise, "Anders's rough edges are more than offset by the story's contagious vitality...Denise's funky journey toself-discovery is a fresh feminist take on an era that has always been seen through men's eyes. It may not be precision-tooled, but it's triumphantly alive."TimeOut wrote, "There's a lovely sequence about a third of the way into Anders' delightful movie which follows a song from conception - the street scene that inspiresit - through the writing, to the recording session. This seamlessly edited passage swings like the snappy '60s girl pop it emulates. Like the film as a whole, itworks as a musical in its own right, and as history and critique of the pop process."Critics roundly praised the film's music, particularly the Brill Building scenes,and lauded the film's approach of pairing popular songwriters of the 1960s with contemporary artists. Mark Caro of the Chicago Tribune wrote:What Anderscaptures is the feel of the time: the nervous thrill of singing a song you love; the sanctified atmosphere of a recording studio, with red padded walls that matchthe singer's lipstick and a slit of a window that reveals a live bassist; the songwriter's excitement in realizing that songs can be about people's actual lives and stillbe commercial; the breathlessness of keeping up with an industry that may love a cappella vocal groups one day and rock bands the next.Criticism centered onthe film's shift of the action from New York City to California to center on Denise's relationship with Jay, with many arguing it is where the story loses focus. RogerEbert praised the music and Douglas' performance, but said Anders tries to cover too much ground and would have liked a less condensed story.In a 2020episode of his podcast Kermode on Film, film critic Mark Kermode named Grace of My Heart number one on his countdown of the top five most underrated films ofall time. Jim Hemphill of Filmmaker wrote the film "feels both completely of the period in which it takes place and like something that could only have been made


Passage 1:La voix (song)"La voix" (French pronunciation: [la vwa]; "The voice") is a song by Swedish singer Malena Ernman, which served as the Swedish entryat the 2009 Eurovision Song Contest, held in Moscow, Russia. It was composed by Fredrik Kempe, with lyrics by both Kempe and Ernman. It is the first Swedishentry to contain lyrics in French, as well as being the last Swedish entry to have contained lyrics in a language other than English. Despite the fact that France'sPatricia Kaas would get a relatively good placing in the final, Ernman drew further attention to Francophone culture in the semi-final, as well in the grand final (byclassing 3rd in the OGAE Second Chance round), despite her ultimate placing (21st).The song was the winner of Melodifestivalen 2009 on 14 March 2009, earningthe right to compete for Sweden in the first semi-final of Eurovision 2009 on 12 May 2009. The song qualified for the final round where it finished 21st place with33 points, making it Sweden's second lowest placing in the contest since 1992's "I morgon är en annan dag" (22nd), and also the second time the country failedto place within the Top 20.In 2010, the song was covered by Russian pop singer Philipp Kirkorov and opera singer Anna Netrebko with Kirkorov singing versesand Netrebko singing chorus. They recorded two versions of the song, one with original French and English lyrics and other sang exclusively in Russian.The songhas also been used as the backing track for the musical documentary Spaceplane Sailing. The short film covers the 33-mission career of the Space ShuttleAtlantis and was premiered on YouTube in February 2013.Melodifestivalen and Eurovision"La voix" participated in the fourth heat of the 2009 Melodifestivalenwhich was held on 28 February 2009 at the Malmö Arena in Malmö. The song was the last of the eight competing entries to perform and directly qualified to thecontest final as one of the two songs song which received the most telephone votes. On 14 March, during the final held at the Globe Arena in Stockholm, Ernmanwere the last of the eleven competing acts to perform, and "La voix" won the contest with 182 points, receiving the highest number of votes from the viewingpublic via telephone voting despite placing only eighth with the regional and international juries.Sweden participated in the first semi-final of the 2009 EurovisionSong Contest in Moscow, Russia on 12 May 2009. Ernman was the fifth competing artist to perform and Sweden were subsequently announced at the end of thebroadcast as one of the ten countries to have qualified for the final. Ernman performed again in the final on 16 May, with Sweden drawn to perform as the fourthcountry on stage, and subsequently finished in twenty-first place with a total of 33 points. The full breakdown of results published after the final revealed that inthe first semi-final Sweden had finished in fourth place with 105 points.Chart performanceThe song debuted on the Swedish Singles Chart on the week of 13March 2009 at number 31, before climbing to number 10 the following week and then number four in its third.On 26 April 2009, "La voix" went straight to numberone on the Svensktoppen radio chart.In May 2009, the single entered at 29 in the Belgium Ultratip, moved up to 27 in its second week and then fell off thechart.Track listingCD: (Sweden)"La voix" (radio edit)"La voix" (karaoke)ChartsPassage 2:Malena ErnmanSara Magdalena Ernman (born 4 November 1970) is aSwedish mezzo-soprano opera singer. Besides operas and operettas, she has also performed chansons, cabaret, jazz, and appeared in musicals. She is a memberof the Royal Swedish Academy of Music. Ernman represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "La Voix", finishing in 21st place.Life andcareerEarly lifeErnman was born in Uppsala, Sweden, spent her childhood and school years in Sandviken, and was educated at the Royal College of Music inStockholm, the Music Conservatory in Orléans, France, and the school of the Royal Swedish Opera. She is married to actor Svante Thunberg, with whom she hadappeared in a 2000 Swedish television musical documentary about the composer Joseph Martin Kraus, played by Thunberg. Together they have two daughters:singer Beata Ernman, and climate activist Greta Thunberg.OperasIn 1997, Ernman sang in the premiere of Ivar Hallström's 1897 opera Liten Karin in Vadstena;Opera magazine noted that "the mezzo Malena Ernman was very expressive as Princess Cecilia, King Erik XIV's sister". In 1998, her Rosina in The Barber ofSeville at the Royal Opera in Stockholm was described as "displaying impressive technique" and "shaping the character with mocking good humour". The sameyear, she sang Kaja in the premiere of Sven-David Sandström's Staden under Leif Segerstam also at the Royal Opera in Stockholm, where one reviewercommented that "in vocal focus and expression, her full, rich voice is not that far behind Bartoli". In July 1999, Ernman sang the trouser role of Ziöberg in thepremiere of Jonas Forssell's Trädgården (The Garden) at the Drottningholm Palace Theatre in Stockholm, conducted by Roy Goodman, the first new opera to bepremiered at the theatre in modern times.In Brussels in 2000, her Nerone in Handel's Agrippina, alongside Rosemary Joshua's Poppea and Anna CaterinaAntonacci's Aggripina was described as "the most convincingly brattish young man imaginable".In 2001, Ernman sang Sesto in Handel's Giulio Cesare at theDrottningholm Festival. She sang at the Glyndebourne Festival, in the Summer of 2002 as Nancy in Albert Herring and the next summer as Prince Orlovsky inJohann Strauss's Die Fledermaus, which was also performed at the BBC Proms that year.In 2002/2003 Ernman appeared in Vienna as Diana in La Calisto. In2003/2004 she sang the part of Donna Elvira in Don Giovanni at La Monnaie in Brussels and appeared at the Aix-en-Provence Festival as Lichas in Hercules byGeorge Frideric Handel, with Les Arts Florissants under conductor William Christie, revived at the Paris Opera and at the Vienna Festival.In the spring and summerof 2005, Ernman created the title role in Philippe Boesmans's Julie, appearing at la Monnaie, at the Vienna Festival, and in Aix-en-Provence. In 2006 she sang asNerone in L'incoronazione di Poppea in Brussels and Berlin, then as Dido in Dido and Aeneas with William Christie at the Vienna Festival. She also sang inAgrippina at Oper Frankfurt.In August 2006, Ernman made her debut at the Salzburg Festival as Annio in La clemenza di Tito under conductor NikolausHarnoncourt. In 2007, her roles included Sesto in Giulio Cesare with René Jacobs in Vienna, Cherubino in Le nozze di Figaro with Daniel Harding inAix-en-Provence, and Nerone in L'incoronazione di Poppea in Amsterdam. In 2008 she sang Angelina in La Cenerentola with the Royal Swedish Opera and Didoand Aeneas with Christie and the Opéra-Comique in Paris. In 2009 she reprised Angelina in La Cenerentola with Oper Frankfurt and the Swedish Royal Opera, andDido in Dido and Aeneas with Christie in Vienna and Amsterdam. In 2010, she sang the castrato role of Idamante in Idomeneo under Jérémie Rhorer at theTheatre de la Monnaie in Brussels, where her "feisty" portrayal of the prince was "as if to the gender born, her efforts rewarded by the inclusion of the usually cutaria 'No, la morte'. Vienna saw her in the title role of Serse by Handel in October 2011 at the Theater an der Wien, and the following season she sang Eduige inthe Nicolas Harnoncourt-led production of Handel's Rodelinda at the same house, later released on DVD. Back in the city as Elena in La donna del lago in August2012, she was "impressive... dealing with the vocal difficulties with aplomb and managing the extra dramatic demands made on her with genuine expressivity".She added Béatrice to her repertoire in 2013 in performances at Theater an der Wien of Berlioz's late opéra-comique. Also in 2013 she returned to the part ofAggripina at the Gran Teatre del Liceu in Barcelona, in a production by David McVicar conducted by Harry Bicket.Ernman has sung several major roles with theStaatsoper Berlin, including Cherubino in Le nozze di Figaro and Zerlina in Don Giovanni, both under conductor Daniel Barenboim. She also performed Rosina inRossini's Il barbiere di Siviglia with Staatsoper Berlin and the Finnish National Opera. With the Royal Opera Stockholm she has also sung the title role inCarmen.Ernman worked with conductor René Jacobs in the roles of Nerone in Agrippina, Roberto in Scarlatti's Griselda and Diana in Cavalli's La Calisto.In 2018,she sang Gabriella in the Swedish musical Så som i himmelen (As It Is in Heaven), based on a 2004 film of the same name, with words by Kay Pollak and CarinPollak and the score by Fredrik Kempe, which premiered at the Oscarsteatern in September 2018.ConcertsEarly recitals on Swedish Radio included Rachmaninovin 1994, The airconditioned nightmare by Olov Olofsson, songs by Gunnar de Frumerie, and an eclectic mix of Fauré, Debussy, Jolivet, Ravel, Bizet, Barber, Ivesand Lehrer in 1996, Brahms lieder, and works by Carlid, Mahler and Berio in 1998.Ernman has performed several concert pieces as well. At the Salzburg Festivalshe sang Mozart's "Waisenhausmesse" with conductor Frans Brüggen. She performed Berio's "Folksongs" with the Stockholm Royal Philharmonic Orchestra underCarlo Rizzi, and at the Verbier Festival with Gustavo Dudamel. She sang the world premiere of "Nachtgesänge" by Fabian Müller with the Zurich TonhalleOrchestra. In Minneapolis she sang Mozart's "Requiem" with Arnold Östman.2009 Melodifestivalen and EurovisionOn 28 November 2008, it was announced thatErnman would enter Melodifestivalen 2009 for the Eurovision Song Contest 2009 with the song "La voix," written by Fredrik Kempe. On 28 February 2009,Ernman competed in the 4th semi-final of Melodifestivalen in Malmö and became a finalist. She went on to win the final on 14 March at the Globe Arena inStockholm, and to represent Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest in Moscow. She qualified as a finalist on 12 May and performed in the finals on 16 May,where she finished 21st with 33 points. "La voix" was the first Swedish entry to contain a substantial amount of French lyrics; it was written by Ernman herself,who speaks French fluently. Prior to the competition a documentary about the life and career of Ernman was broadcast on Swedish television entitled 'RösternasMalena' ('The voice of Malena').Ernman revealed that the dress for her Eurovision performance cost 400,000 kronor (€37,471) and was made by designer CamillaThulin. Singer Dea Norberg joined Ernman as one of the choirgirls. Ernman later participated in the Second Chance round of Melodifestivalen 2015 as a guestsinger for Behrang Miris entry.Personal lifeErnman is married to Swedish actor Svante Thunberg. Their first daughter Greta Thunberg rose to worldwideprominence when she initiated the School Strike for Climate. She also has a younger daughter, who is three years younger. Ernman’s career was taking off whenGreta was born, and Svante stayed at home to look after their children.In August 2014, 11-year-old Greta suddenly stopped eating, talking, reading, or wantingto do anything. This condition lasted for several months, until she was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome. The acute period of her daughter's condition affected


Passage 1:Lethal Weapon 3Lethal Weapon 3 is a 1992 American buddy cop action film directed by Richard Donner and written by Jeffrey Boam and Robert MarkKamen. The sequel to Lethal Weapon 2 (1989), it is the third installment in the Lethal Weapon film series and stars Mel Gibson, Danny Glover, Joe Pesci, ReneRusso, and Stuart Wilson.In Lethal Weapon 3, LAPD Sergeants Martin Riggs (Gibson) and Roger Murtaugh (Glover) pursue Jack Travis (Wilson), a former LAPDlieutenant turned ruthless arms dealer, during the six days prior to Murtaugh's retirement. Riggs and Murtaugh are joined by Leo Getz (Pesci) as well as internalaffairs Sergeant Lorna Cole (Russo).The film was a box office success, grossing over $320 million worldwide. It was the fifth-highest-grossing film of 1992 and thehighest-grossing installment in the series overall. The film was followed by Lethal Weapon 4 in 1998.PlotA week before his retirement, L.A.P.D. Sergeant RogerMurtaugh and his partner Martin Riggs are demoted to uniform duties after failing to defuse an office building bomb. While on street patrol they witness the theftof an armored car, and help to thwart the crime assisted by armored car driver Delores. One of the two thieves gets away, but the other is taken into policecustody. The suspect is found to be a known associate of Jack Travis, a former LAPD lieutenant who is running an arms smuggling ring in Los Angeles. Thedepartment is further concerned that the thieves were using armor-piercing bullets. Riggs and Murtaugh are re-promoted and assigned to work with SergeantLorna Cole from internal affairs to track down Travis.Travis is currently negotiating with mobster Tyrone regarding his arms deal. The armored car thief thatescaped is brought to Travis, who subsequently kills him in front of Tyrone for putting the police on his trail. Travis then uses his old police credentials to enter theinterrogation room and kill the suspect in custody before he can be interviewed. Travis is unaware that closed-circuit cameras have been installed in the station,and Cole is able to confirm Travis' identity. While the three are reviewing the footage, their good friend Leo Getz, who has been helping Murtaugh sell his house,arrives and immediately recognizes Travis from several prior business deals and his love of ice hockey. Murtaugh, Riggs, and Getz narrowly miss capturing Travisat a hockey match, and Getz is wounded. However, Getz manages to provide them with information of a warehouse Travis owns, which they suspect is where hehas stored his arms shipments.Riggs and Murtaugh contact Cole for backup before they raid the warehouse, and stop at a food truck to wait for her. As they waitfor their food, they witness a drug deal and attempt to stop it. Murtaugh kills a gunman who fired at them, while the rest escape. Murtaugh recognizes thegunman, Darryl, a close friend of his son Nick. With Murtaugh emotionally distraught, Riggs and Cole head to the warehouse, where they successfully secure hisnext arms shipment delivery. That night, Riggs and Cole find they have feelings for each other and sleep together. Riggs later finds a guilt-ridden Murtaugh drunkin his boat and consoles him in time for Darryl's funeral. There, Darryl's father passionately insists that Murtaugh find the person responsible for giving Darryl thegun.Cole finds that Darryl's gun, the armor-piercing bullets, and the arms they recovered were originally in police custody, meant to be destroyed, and werestolen by Travis; they revoke his credentials from the system. They further tie the guns to Tyrone and interrogate him. Tyrone directs them to an auto garagewhere many of his henchmen work from. Riggs, Murtaugh, and Cole are able to arrest several of the men. Meanwhile, Travis has one of his men hack into thecomputer system to find another arms storage area. He then forces Captain Murphy under gunpoint to take him to this new facility so he can steal the guns usingMurphy's credentials. Cole finds the evidence of hacking and Murphy's absence, and the three, along with a rookie cop, Edwards, who looks up to Riggs andMurtaugh, intercept Travis. They are able to rescue Murphy and stop Travis and his men before he can take the weapons, but Edwards is killed during theirpursuit.Getz provides information on a housing development owned by Travis's shell company. Riggs, Murtaugh, and Cole infiltrate the site at night and enter alarge-scale gunfight. Riggs sets the construction site on fire and most of Travis' men are killed, while Travis wounds Cole. When Travis uses a bulldozer to chasedown Riggs, using its blade as a bullet shield, Murtaugh tosses Daryl's gun, now loaded with the armor-piercing bullets, to Riggs, who then shoots and kills Travisthrough the blade. After finding out Cole wore two layers of kevlar vests, Riggs admits his love for her as she is taken away in a chopper.The next day,Murtaugh's family is celebrating his retirement, when Murtaugh reveals to Getz that he has decided to not sell the house and stay with the force, preserving hispartnership with Riggs. As the film ends, Riggs announces his relationship with Cole to Murtaugh.CastProductionThe movie was filmed from October 1991 toJanuary 1992.Richard Donner, an animal-rights and pro-choice activist, placed many posters and stickers for these causes in the film. Of note are the T-shirt wornby one of Murtaugh's daughters (the actress's idea), an 18-wheeler with an anti-fur slogan on the side, and a sticker on a locker in the police station.DemolitionscenesIn the film's first scene, Riggs accidentally sets off a bomb that destroys the ICSI Building. The ICSI Building was actually the former City Hall building ofOrlando, Florida, located at the intersection of Orange Avenue and South Street in Downtown Orlando. Warner Bros. decided to use the destruction of the buildingin the film, and as a result paid $500,000 for the demolition. From August to October 1991, the production crew fitted the old Orlando City Hall building featuredin the opening scene with carefully placed explosives to create the visual effect of a bomb explosion. Bill Frederick, then mayor of Orlando, Florida, was thepoliceman who sarcastically claps and said "Bravo!" to Murtaugh and Riggs after the explosion.The building was demolished so that it would collapse slightlyforward (toward Orange Avenue), minimizing the chances of it damaging the new City Hall building, built directly behind it. The space was cleared out andbecame a plaza for the new City Hall, with a fountain and a monument.The film's climax scene, where an under-construction housing development is set ablaze,was filmed at an unfinished housing development in Lancaster, California. The unfinished houses, which had been sitting abandoned and slated to be torn down,were coated in flame retardant and propane gas lines to ensure that the houses could withstand re-shoots. The original homes were eventually demolished andwas eventually redeveloped into another housing development.During the closing credits, Riggs and Murtaugh drive up to an old hotel where another bomb hasbeen placed. Before they (their doubles) can exit the car, the bomb explodes and destroys the building. The hotel was actually the former Soreno Hotel indowntown St. Petersburg, Florida. The film's producers agreed to help with the cost of the 68-year-old building's implosion for the purposes of their film.HockeygameA November 26, 1991 NHL game between the Los Angeles Kings and the Toronto Maple Leafs at the Great Western Forum served as the basis for thehockey scene featured in the movie.The league allowed production to capture the real-life action, although goaltender Kelly Hrudey eventually became annoyedwith the additional lights used by the crew and asked filming to stop.The NHL also let Donner stage part of the scene, where Riggs commandeers the arena's PAsystem to lure out Jack Travis, during the game's second intermission. It was completed in two takes. However, the director was not allowed to film the segmentwhere Riggs chases down Travis onto the ice that evening. It was completed after a Kings practice. In closer shots, these sequences used extras dressed inunlicensed jerseys that only roughly resemble those worn by the actual teams. A contemporary AP report cites Lethal Weapon's excessive violence as the reasonwhy the NHL limited its collaboration. However, the organization took a relaxed stance towards the more intense Sudden Death a few years later. The Los AngelesKings later featured in a season three episode of the Lethal Weapon TV series, entitled "What The Puck?".WritingJeffrey Boam's first two drafts of the script weredifferent from the final film. The character of Lorna for example was not a woman in original drafts, but the original character still had the same personality andwas just as lethal and crazy as Riggs, making him his match. Riggs also had an affair with Roger's daughter Rianne, and a few parts in the final film where Rogersuspects that Riggs and Rianne are interested in each other are only parts left from the original drafts.Director Richard Donner demanded some big changes onthe script which included changing the original character of Lorna (who had a different name in earlier drafts) into a woman and turning her into Riggs's girlfriend.He also re-worked the script to be less story-oriented and not focus on the main villains but instead on the relationship between Riggs and Murtaugh. He alsotoned down action scenes from the script and brought back Leo Getz into the story. All of his scenes were written in afterwards. In the original script Leo had leftL.A. for New York. Boam had some disagreements with changes that Donner made, but he was not against them. Boam was fired after he wrote his first twodrafts of the script. One of the reasons for this was because Donner wasn't interested in the script and he disagreed with some parts of Boam's original draft.After another writer, Robert Mark Kamen, was hired to re-write the script, Boam was called to return to work on it again. The filmmakers realized that Kamen'sre-writes were not working. Boam asked to work alone on the script and ended up constantly changing it from October 1991 until January 1992 while filming wastaking place. These types of changes also occurred during the filming of Lethal Weapon 2.According to Kamen in a 2012 interview, many of his writingcontributions ended up in the final film. Kamen also wrote many parts of the previous film in the series, with the most significant portions being the South Africanvillains.Screenwriter Jeffrey Boam is credited twice in the 'screenplay by' credits. This is because he did one draft by himself (granting him the first credit) and asecond draft collaborating with Robert Mark Kamen (granting him the second credit). In this rare scenario, Boam was hired to rewrite his own script with a secondwriter. After receiving the unusual writing credits, the advertising department assumed it was a misprint and produced posters with the credits "Story by JeffreyBoam, Screenplay by Jeffrey Boam and Robert Mark Kamen". After a few of the posters had been sent out, the WGA contacted the department, telling them thatthe initial credits were the correct ones, and ordering the posters to be recalled and destroyed.Carrie Fisher was an uncredited script doctor on the film.MartialartsRusso received martial arts training for a month before shooting from Cheryl Wheeler-Dixon, who had a karate background and was a former kickboxing


Passage 1:Ladies in DistressLadies in Distress is a 1938 American drama film directed by Gus Meins and written by Dorrell McGowan and Stuart E. McGowan. The film stars Alison Skipworth, Polly Moran, Robert Livingston, Virginia Grey, Max Terhune and Berton Churchill. The film was released on June 13, 1938, by Republic Pictures.PlotCastAlison Skipworth as Josephine BonneyPolly Moran as Lydia BonneyRobert Livingston as Pete BraddockVirginia Grey as SallyMax Terhune as Dave EvansBerton Churchill as Fred MorganLeonard Penn as Daniel J. RomanHorace McMahon as 2nd ThugAllen Vincent as SpadeEddie Acuff as HoraceCharles Anthony Hughes as LieutenantJack Carr as PolicemanWalter Sande as DuncanBilly Wayne as BrownPassage 2:Kyōen KobanzameKyōen Kobanzame (, Kyōen Kobanzame) is a 1958 black-and-white Japanese film directed by Nobuo Nakagawa.There are two parts of the film: the first part Kyōen Kobanzame zenpen (  ) and the second part Kyōen Kobanzame kōhen ( ). Both parts have the same staff and the same actors.CastKanjūrō Arashi ()Misako Uji ( )Ryūzaburō Nakamura () - dual roleUreo Egawa ( )Tomohiko Ōtani ()Saburō Sawai ()Tetsurō Tamba () Masao Takamatsu ()Kōtarō Bandō ()Fumiko Miyata ()Namiji Matsuura ()Passage 3:A Damsel in Distress (1919 film)A Damsel in Distress is a silent romantic comedy film released in 1919, starring June Caprice and Creighton Hale. The film is based on the 1919 novel A Damsel in Distress by English humorist P. G. Wodehouse. The director was George Archainbaud. The same novel later inspired a 1937 film.Plot summaryCastJune Caprice as Maud MarshCreighton Hale as George BevanWilliam H. Thompson as John W. MarshCharlotte Granville as Mrs. Caroline ByngArthur Albro as Reggie ByngGeorge Trimble as KeggsKatherine Johnson as Alice FarradayMark Smith as Percy MarshProductionThe film was directed by George Archainbaud, with Philip Masi as assistant director. The art director was Henri Menessier.Passage 4:Sidney OlcottSidney Olcott (born John Sidney Allcott, September 20, 1872 – December 16, 1949) was a Canadian-born film producer, director, actor and screenwriter.BiographyBorn John Sidney Allcott in Toronto, he became one of the first great directors of the motion picture business. With a desire to be an actor, a young Sidney Olcott went to New York City where he worked in the theatre until 1904 when he performed as a film actor with the Biograph Studios.In 1907, Frank J. Marion and Samuel Long, with financial backing from George Kleine, formed a new motion picture company called the Kalem Company and were able to lure the increasingly successful Olcott away from Biograph. Olcott was offered the sum of ten dollars per picture and under the terms of his contract, Olcott was required to direct a minimum of one, one-reel picture of about a thousand feet every week. After making a number of very successful films for the Kalem studio, including Ben Hur (1907) with its dramatic chariot race scene, and Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1908), Olcott became the company's president and was rewarded with one share of its stock.In 1910 Sidney Olcott demonstrated his creative thinking when he made Kalem Studios the first ever to travel outside the United States to film on location.Of Irish ancestry, and knowing that in America there was a huge built-in Irish audience, Olcott went to Ireland where he made a film called A Lad from Old Ireland. He would go on to make more than a dozen films there and later on only the outbreak of World War I prevented him from following through with his plans to build a permanent studio in Beaufort, County Kerry, Ireland. The Irish films led to him taking a crew to Palestine in 1912 to make the first five-reel film ever, titled From the Manger to the Cross, the life story of Jesus.The film concept was at first the subject of much scepticism but when it appeared on screen, it was lauded by the public and the critics. Costing $35,000 to produce, From the Manger to the Cross earned the Kalem Company profits of almost $1 million, a staggering amount in 1912. The motion picture industry acclaimed him as its greatest director and the film influenced the direction many great filmmakers would take such as D.W. Griffith and Cecil B. DeMille. From the Manger to the Cross is still shown today to film societies and students studying early film making techniques. In 1998 the film was selected for the National Film Registry of the United States Library of Congress.Despite making the studio owners very rich men, they refused to increase his salary beyond the $150 a week he was then earning. From the enormous profits made for his employers, Olcott's dividend on the one share they had given him amounted to $350. As a result, Sidney Olcott resigned and took some time off, making only an occasional film until 1915 when he was encouraged by his Canadian friend Mary Pickford to join her at Famous Players–Lasky, later Paramount Pictures. The Kalem Company never recovered from the mistake of losing Olcott and a few years after his departure, the operation was acquired by Vitagraph Studios in 1916.Olcott was a founding member of the East Coast chapter of the Motion Picture Directors Association, a forerunner to today's Directors Guild of America and would later serve as its president. Like the rest of the film industry, Sidney Olcott moved to Hollywood, California, where he directed many more successful and acclaimed motion pictures with the leading stars of the day.Olcott married actress Valentine Grant, the star of his 1916 film, The Innocent Lie.During World War II, Olcott opened his home to visiting British Commonwealth soldiers in Los Angeles. In his book titled Stardust and Shadows: Canadians in Early Hollywood, writer Charles Foster tells of this period in Olcott's life, and of how he was introduced to many members of Hollywood's Canadian community through Olcott. Olcott died in Hollywood, California, in the house of his friend Robert Vignola where he lived after the death of Valentine Grant. Wanting to be buried in Canada, he is buried in Park Lawn cemetery in Toronto, Ontario.Partial filmography190719081909191019111912191319141915191619181919Marriage for Convenience (1919)1920Scratch My Back (1920)1921The Right Way (1921)God's Country and the Law (1921)Pardon My French (1921)1922Timothy's Quest (1922)1923The Green Goddess (1923)Little Old New York (1923)1924The Humming Bird (1924)Monsieur Beaucaire (1924)The Only Woman (1924)1925Salome of the Tenements (1925)The Charmer (1925)Not So Long Ago (1925)The Best People (1925)1926The White Black Sheep (1926)Ranson's Folly (1926)The Amateur Gentleman (1926)1927The Claw (1927)See alsoCanadian pioneers in early HollywoodPassage 5:When Lovers PartWhen Lovers Part is an American silent film produced by Kalem Company and directed by Sidney Olcott with Gene Gauntier, Jack J. Clark, Robert Vignola and JP McGowan in the leading roles.A copy is kept in the Desmet collection at Eye Film Institute (Amsterdam).PlotIn the Antebellum South, Nell is banned from seeing her lover by her father. They decide to elope, but their plans are thwarted by the father. When the American Civil War begins both Nell's father and former lover enlist the Confederate Army. Nell's father returns and her lover is traumatized and matured by the war, and at her father's funeral Nell finally accepts his hand in marriage.CastGene Gauntier - NellJack J. Clark -Robert Vignola - Back servantJP McGowan - Nell's fatherProduction notesThe film was shot in Jacksonville, Florida.Passage 6:Damsels in Distress (film)Damsels in Distress is a 2011 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Whit Stillman and starring Greta Gerwig, Adam Brody, and Lio Tipton. It is set at a United States East Coast university. First screened at the 68th Venice International Film Festival and the Toronto International Film Festival, it opened in New York and Los Angeles on April 6, 2012.PlotNewly transferred college student Lily becomes friends with Violet, Heather and Rose, a clique who run the campus' suicide prevention center. They date less attractive men to help the men's confidence; they try to clean up the "unhygenic" Doar Dorm; they clash with the editor of the campus newspaper, The Daily Complainer, who wants to close down the "elitist" fraternities; and they try to start a new dance craze, The Sambola!CastDevelopmentDamsels in Distress was Stillman's first produced feature since The Last Days of Disco (1998). In August 1998, he had moved from New York to Paris with his wife and two daughters. In that time, he wrote a novelization of The Last Days of Disco, in addition to several original film scripts which were not made, including one set in Jamaica in the 1960s. He resolved to make a lower-budgeted film in the style of his debut, Metropolitan (1990). In 2006, he met with Liz Glotzer and Mart Shafer at Castle Rock Entertainment, who had financed his second and third films. According to Shafer:Whit said, 'I want to write a movie about four girls in a dorm who are trying to keep things civil in an uncivil world.' It took him a year to write 23 pages. Six months later, a few more dribbled in. He just doesn't work very fast. Finally we had a draft. When we started production he said, 'I think 12 years is the right amount of time between movies.'Castle Rock provided most of the $3 million budget.ProductionThe movie was filmed on location in New York City on Staten Island at the Sailors' Snug Harbor Cultural Center. Filming finished on November 5, 2010.Stillman has said that the film was cut between its festival and theatrical runs:I felt the MPAA helped us out there. I'd hoped to get a PG-13 even with the Venice cut, but in the first viewing they thought it was R. So we looked at it, the editor [Andrew Hafitz] and I, and we saw immediately some things that would make it pretty clearly PG-13, and we felt would help the movie. There could've been a little heaviness of talking a little too much about what was going on, and it would delay the laugh until later – which I think is always good. We were really happy with the small changes we made. We made tiny changes in two scenes: we took out the text for what the ALA stood for... I think it gave it a Lubitschean vagueness and delayed the laugh.MusicThe film features an original score by Mark Suozzo. The song "Sambola!" is written by Suozzo, Michael A. Levine, and Lou Christie.ReceptionOn review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 75% based on reviews from 143 critics. The website's critics consensus reads, "Damsels in Distress can sometimes feel mannered and outlandish, but it's redeemed by director Whit Stillman's oddball cleverness and Greta Gerwig's dryly funny performance." On Metacritic, it has a score of 67% based on reviews from 33 critics.In Variety, Leslie Felperin wrote, "a film that raises laughs even with its end credits, Whit Stillman's whimsical campus comedy Damsels in Distress is an utter delight." In Time, critic Richard Corliss wrote, "Innocence deserted teen movies ages ago, but it makes a comeback, revived and romanticized, in this joyous anachronism." Andrew O'Hehir of Salon praised Gerwig's "powerful and complicated performance" and said that " it's both a relief and a delight to discover that Stillman remains one of the funniest writers in captivity." He concluded, "I laughed until I cried, and you may too (if


Passage 1:Ole Arntzen LützowOle Arntzen Lützow (14 November 1801 – 2 November 1871) was a Norwegian politician.He was elected to the Parliament ofNorway in 1839, 1842 and 1845, representing the rural constituency of Hedemarkens Amt. He worked as a farmer.Passage 2:Harry A. McMackinHarry AlbertMcMackin (February 10, 1880 – October 13, 1946) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick as member of theProgressive Conservative party from 1939 to 1944.Passage 3:Harry A. KeeganHarry Albert Keegan (November 18, 1882 – August 25, 1968) was a member of theWisconsin State Assembly.BiographyKeegan was born on November 18, 1882 in what is now Madison, South Dakota. He later moved to Monroe, Wisconsin.Keegan died in August 1968.CareerKeegan was a member of the Assembly twice. First, from 1939 to 1946 and second, from 1949 to 1956. He was a Republican.He was a dairy farmer and also worked in the grocery business. Keegan served on the Monroe Common Council.Passage 4:Harry Sieben Sr.Harry Albert Sieben II(August 23, 1914 - April 25, 1979) was an American public servant, active in government and politics in Minnesota throughout his life.Family, early life, andeducationSieben was born on August 23, 1914, in Hastings, Minnesota into a family active in government and politics. Sieben's father, also named Harry AlbertSieben (1890-1945), a 1911 graduate of the University of Illinois, served as mayor of Hastings from 1922 to 1926. Sieben's grandfather, J. George Sieben,served three terms as mayor of Hastings, while also serving on the city council for twelve years.Sieben's mother, Irene H. Buckley Sieben (1891-1982), was a1911 graduate of the University of Minnesota and was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1948.The Sieben family originally arrived in the UnitedStates from Firmenich, near Cologne, Germany, in the then-Kingdom of Prussia, in 1847.Sieben graduated from the University of Minnesota and, later, fromWilliam Mitchell College of Law.Early careerBefore his career in law and government, Sieben managed his family's drug store, which was founded by hisgrandfather in 1885. During World War II, Sieben joined the Army and served at the bomber modification center at Holman Field in St. Paul.Sieben married hiswife, the former Mary Luger, in April 1940, in Minneapolis, where they later made their home before moving to Hastings.Political careerSieben was a long-timemember of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) and active in local and state politics for over thirty years. After assisting with the political activityof his father in Hastings, an early political experience of Sieben's came during Hubert Humphrey's successful 1948 bid for US Senate.In 1950, Sieben ran forMinnesota's 2nd Congressional District of the US Congress, against incumbent-since-1941, Joseph O'Hara. Sieben supported the Marshall Plan and providingmilitary assistance to Europe and Asia, including Korea, where his brother James G. Sieben served. Sieben ultimately lost 69,304 to 46,452.In February 1951, hewas also appointed acting director of the Office of Price Stabilization in Minnesota after being recommended for it by then-Senator Hubert Humphrey.In 1954,Sieben again ran for US Congress in the 2nd District. A highlight of Sieben's campaign was a fundraising dinner for 700 people in Mankato with sitting SenatorHubert Humphrey at $5 per plate.In January 1955, Minnesota Governor Orville Freeman appointed Sieben as liquor control commissioner. In 1957, GovernorFreeman appointed Sieben as the Minnesota highway safety director, a role in which he served for four years.Sieben was appointed as US Marshal for Minnesotaby President John F. Kennedy on May 1, 1961.Sieben stepped down from US Marshal position in the summer of 1962 to become the regional director of the SmallBusiness Administration for Minnesota, North and South Dakota, and northern Wisconsin. During this time, Sieben was also a confidante of Governor KarlRolvaag.In 1966, at the age of 52, he graduated from William Mitchell College of Law and worked as a lawyer. In 1968, Sieben was elected president of the TwinCities chapter of the Federal Bar Association.From 1971 until his death, Sieben served as chief clerk of the United States District Court for the District ofMinnesota.Death & legacyOn April 22, 1979, Sieben he suffered a stroke or a heart attack and was hospitalized. He died shortly afterwards on April 25, 1979, inHastings.Two of Sieben's sons, Harry A. Sieben, Jr. and Mike Sieben, served in the Minnesota House of Representatives: Harry, Jr. served 14 years, including asSpeaker of the House, while Mike served 10 years. Harry, Jr. also served as a Major General and Adjutant General of the Minnesota National Guard. Another ofSieben's sons, William, served on Walter Mondale's senate staff in Minnesota, and later, on his White House staff during his vice presidency. Sieben'sgranddaughter, Katie Sieben, served in the Minnesota Senate. Sieben was also the brother of Major General James G. Sieben, who served as Adjutant General ofthe Minnesota National Guard.Passage 5:Harry Atkinson (socialist)Harry Albert Atkinson (15 October 1867 – 21 January 1956) was a New Zealand engineer,socialist and insurance agent. He was born in Urenui, Taranaki, New Zealand on 15 October 1867, and was educated at Nelson College.Passage 6:Ole ArntzenOleArntzen (4 February 1910 – 7 August 1973) was a Norwegian businessman and resistance member during World War II. He was a brother of Sven Arntzen. Hewas a member of the Central Committee of Milorg, where he served as General Inspector ("Stor I") from April 1944 to May 1945. His cover name was "Ørnulf". Inhis World War II memoirs, Gunnar Sønsteby devotes one chapter to the arrest of Milorg leaders Jens Christian Hauge and Arntzen by the State police on 10 April1945, but their central role was not discovered.Passage 7:Harry Albert WillisHarry Albert Willis (July 11, 1904 – March 23, 1972) was a Canadian Senator andlong-time fundraiser and organizer for the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in Ontario.Born in Belfountain, Ontario, Wilson was Ontario chairman of thefederal party's Ontario wing from 1943 until 1963.A lawyer by training, Willis was a graduate of McMaster University and Osgoode Hall Law School. He wasappointed to his party position by then federal leader John Bracken.Under John Diefenbaker, Willis was one of the "three musketeers" who ran the Ontario wingalong with Edwin A. Goodman and Senator William Brunt.Diefenbaker appointed Willis to the Senate in June 1962. He stepped down as Ontario chairmanfollowing the 1963 federal election in which the Tories were defeated by Lester Pearson's Liberals with only 26 Progressive Conservative MPs being elected inOntario.In the business world, Willis sat on several boards of directors, including those of Denison Mines and Standard Trust. He was president of CaledonHoldings Limited, which developed residential subdivisions. The company owned 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) near which Wilson wished to develop despite theprovince's plans to create park Forks of the Credit Provincial Park. Wilson continued buying property in the area despite the province's plans. The provincialProgressive Conservative government purchased the land from Wilson in 1971, giving him an 81% profit, which resulted in complaints by the parliamentaryopposition and a formal inquiry which found no wrongdoing on the part of Willis but which criticized the government for not bargaining for a lower price.Willis diedin flight from Ottawa to Toronto.Passage 8:Charalampos MavriasCharalampos Mavrias (Greek: Χαράλαμπος Μαυρίας; born 21 February 1994), known as "Charis"(Greek: Χάρης) or "Harry", is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a right back and right midfielder for Greece national team.ClubcareerPanathinaikosMavrias joined Panathinaikos' youth academy in 2007, aged 13, and was promoted to the first-team squad in 2010, after signing aprofessional contract in the previous year. On 20 October 2010 he made his first-team – and UEFA Champions League – debut, playing the last 12 minutes of a0–0 home draw against Rubin Kazan, thus becoming the youngest Greek ever to appear in the competition, and the second youngest overall (only behindCelestine Babayaro, being surpassed later by Alen Halilović, Youri Tielemans and Rayan Cherki). Four days later he made his league debut, again as a substitutein a 0–1 loss at AEK.Mavrias scored his first professional goal on 18 February 2012, netting his side's last of a 2–0 success at Ergotellis; he scored his firstEuropean goal on 31 July 2012, again netted the last of a 2–0 win at Motherwell in the first leg of the third qualifying round of the Champions League, one minuteafter coming onto the pitch as a substitute.SunderlandOn 22 August 2013, Mavrias joined English Premier League side Sunderland on a four-year contract, for anundisclosed fee, rumoured to be £2-3 million. However, he was left out of the squad to play Southampton due to lack of match fitness.Mavrias made his debutfive days later, coming on as a second-half substitute in a 4–2 home success over Milton Keynes Dons, for the campaign's Football League Cup. He scored his firstgoal on 25 January of the following year, netting the winner against Kidderminster Harriers in the fourth round of the FA Cup.On 2 February 2015, it wasconfirmed Mavrias had joined his former club Panathinaikos on loan until the end of the 2014–15 season.Mavrias returned to Sunderland where he has beentraining and playing for the Black Cats Under-21s – and is understood to have impressed the club's coaching staff with his attitude and contribution. But Mavriashas not come close to being included in the first-team squad, however is not bitter over seeing his career stall on Wearside. “I took the decision to leavePanathinaikos and go to Sunderland, and I think anyone in my position would take this decision,” he told the Greek press. On 9 January 2016, almost two yearsafter his last match with the first team, Mavrias entered the game in second half as a substitute in a 3–1 away loss against Arsenal for FA Cup.FortunaDüsseldorfHe was loaned to Fortuna Düsseldorf on 27 January 2016.Mavrias - who has 18 months remaining on his Sunderland contract - now has a chance toplay regular first-team football after joining Düsseldorf until the end of the campaign, with a view to a permanent switch next summer. On 6 February 2016, hemade his debut with a club, in a 0–1 home loss against Heidenheim.Mavrias performance in Düsseldorf was satisfying, leading the club to set an offer for theGreek international winger. Unfortunately on 24 June 2016, Sunderland reject Fortuna Düsseldorf's lower bid than the £400,000 clause to convert the loan into apermanent switch.Karlsruher SCOn 6 September 2016, after three seasons spent playing for Sunderland, only 7 official caps overall collected as a Black Catsman, plus 2 experiences as a loanee (at Fortuna Düsseldorf and Panathinaikos), he joined 2. Bundesliga side Karlsruher SC for a three-years contract. On 10September 2016, he made his debut with the club in a 4–0 away loss against Union Berlin. Unfortunately, KSC harboured hopes of promotion back to the


Passage 1:The Wonderful World of Captain KuhioThe Wonderful World of Captain Kuhio (, Kuhio Taisa, lit. "Captain Kuhio") is a 2009 Japanese comedy-crime film, directed by Daihachi Yoshida, based on Kazumasa Yoshida's 2006 biographical novel, Kekkon Sagishi Kuhio Taisa (lit. "Marriage swindler Captain Kuhio"), that focuses on a real-life marriage swindler, who conned over 100 million yen (US$1.2 million) from a number of women between the 1970s and the 1990s.The film was released in Japan on 10 October 2009.CastMasato Sakai - Captain KuhioYasuko Matsuyuki - Shinobu NaganoHikari Mitsushima - Haru YasuokaYuko Nakamura - Michiko SudoHirofumi Arai - Tatsuya NaganoKazuya Kojima - Koichi TakahashiSakura Ando - Rika KinoshitaMasaaki Uchino - Chief FujiwaraKanji Furutachi - Shigeru KurodaReila AphroditeSei AndoAwardsAt the 31st Yokohama Film FestivalBest Actor – Masato SakaiBest Supporting Actress – Sakura AndoPassage 2:We Dive at DawnWe Dive at Dawn is a 1943 war film directed by Anthony Asquith and starring John Mills and Eric Portman as Royal Navy submariners in the Second World War. It was written by Val Valentine and J. B. Williams with uncredited assistance from Frank Launder. It was produced by Edward Black. The film's sets were designed by Walter Murton.PlotIt is April, 1942. Lieutenant Freddie Taylor and some crew of the submarine Sea Tiger are given a week's leave after an unsuccessful patrol. Leading Seaman Hobson goes home to save his marriage, while a reluctant Torpedo Gunner's Mate Corrigan departs for his wedding in London. When the crew are recalled early Corrigan is relieved, though later regrets not completing his marriage. Sea Tiger has been assigned the top secret mission to sink Nazi Germany's new battleship, the Brandenburg, before she transits the Kiel Canal for sea trials in the Baltic Sea. Sea Tiger must put to sea immediately.Crossing the North Sea, the submarine picks up three shot-down Luftwaffe pilots from a rescue buoy, and prevents their radio alert to German forces. When the submarine enters a minefield, an airman panics and reveals the Brandenburg is further ahead than thought. The airman is attacked by a countryman and subsequently dies. Taylor decides on a desperate gamble to pursue the Brandenburg into the German-controlled Baltic Sea.When the Brandenburg is spotted, Sea Tiger fires all its torpedoes, but dives before assessing their impact due to German destroyers dropping depth charges. By expelling oil and other debris including the body of the German airman, Taylor deceives the Germans into believing that the submarine has sunk. Although successfully escaped, Sea Tiger no longer has enough oil to reach Britain. The Germans, convinced that the Sea Tiger has been sunk, have Lord Haw Haw broadcast to Britain announcing the destruction of the Sea Tiger.Taylor decides to have his crew abandon ship on the Danish island of Hågø (which is in fact the island of Bågø). Hobson, a former merchant seaman who speaks German and knows the port on the island, persuades Taylor to let him go ashore and search for oil. He succeeds, and Sea Tiger enters the harbour under cover of darkness, using Hobson's intelligence about the harbour depth. Aided by friendly Danish sailors, they refuel while Hobson and other crewmen hold off the German garrison. Although Pincher (the cook) is killed and Oxford and Lieutenant Johnson are wounded, they get back to the re-fuelled submarine and start to leave the port. While they leave though, the tanker they were able to refuel from is hit by German shells and catches fire. Taylor, not wanting to risk the Sea Tiger any longer, continues to leave the port and makes it out to the open sea.While returning to Britain, the crew are met by an escorting trawler and learn from them that they sank the Brandenburg. The Sea Tiger returns to base, flying the Jolly Roger for the first time.CastJohn Mills as Lieutenant Freddie Taylor, CaptainLouis Bradfield as Lieutenant Brace, First OfficerRonald Millar as Lieutenant Ronnie Johnson, Third OfficerJack Watling as Lieutenant Gordon, Navigating OfficerReginald Purdell as C/P.O. (Chief Petty Officer) "Dicky" Dabbs, CoxswainCaven Watson as C/P.O. Jock Duncan, Chief Engine Room ArtificerNiall MacGinnis as C/P.O. Mike Corrigan, Torpedo Gunner's MateEric Portman as L/S (Leading Seaman) James Hobson, on hydrophonesLeslie Weston as L/S Tug Wilson, Leading Torpedo OperatorNorman Williams as "Canada", Periscope OperatorLionel Grose as "Spud", Torpedo OperatorDavid Peel as "Oxford", HelmsmanPhilip Godfrey as "Flunkey", StewardRobb Wilton as "Pincher", CookJoan Hopkins as Ethel DabbsWalter Gotell as the ardent Nazi pilot, uncreditedJohn Slater as CharliePhilip Friend as Captain HumphriesProductionWe Dive at Dawn was filmed at Gaumont-British Studios in London, with the co-operation of the British Admiralty. John Mills prepared for his role as the captain of Sea Tiger by sailing in a submarine on a training mission down the Clyde. He recalled a crash dive: The ship then seemed to stand on her nose and I felt her speeding like an arrow towards the sea bed; charts and crockery went flying in all directions; I hung on to a rail near the periscope trying to look heroic and totally unconcerned; the only thing that concerned me was the fact that I was sure that my face had turned a pale shade of pea-green.Exterior shots of the submarines P614 and P615 were used for Sea Tiger (with the final number painted over to make "P61"). The vessels were a Turkish S-class submarine that had been part of a consignment ordered by the Turkish Navy from the British company Vickers in 1939. But with the outbreak of World War II, the four boats were requisitioned by the Royal Navy and designated the P611 class in the British Fleet. They were similar in design but slightly smaller than the British S class, although with a higher conning tower. The S-class boat HMS Safari also appears in the film.Home mediaThe film has been issued on VHS by Madacy Records and Timeless Multimedia among others, and on DVD by ITV DVD and Carlton.Passage 3:Coney Island Baby (film)Coney Island Baby is a 2003 comedy-drama in which film producer Amy Hobby made her directorial debut. Karl Geary wrote the film and Tanya Ryno was the film's producer. The music was composed by Ryan Shore. The film was shot in Sligo, Ireland, which is known locally as "Coney Island".The film was screened at the Newport International Film Festival. Hobby won the Jury Award for "Best First Time Director".The film made its premiere television broadcast on the Sundance Channel.PlotAfter spending time in New York City, Billy Hayes returns to his hometown. He wants to get back together with his ex-girlfriend and take her back to America in hopes of opening up a gas station. But everything isn't going Billy's way - the townspeople aren't happy to see him, and his ex-girlfriend is engaged and pregnant. Then, Billy runs into his old friends who are planning a scam.CastKarl Geary - Billy HayesLaura Fraser - BridgetHugh O'Conor - SatchmoAndy Nyman - FrankoPatrick Fitzgerald - The DukeTom Hickey - Mr. HayesConor McDermottroe - GerryDavid McEvoy - JoeThor McVeigh - MagicianSinead Dolan - JuliaMusicThe film's original score was composed by Ryan Shore.External linksConey Island Baby (2006) at IMDbMSN - Movies: Coney Island BabyPassage 4:Murder at DawnMurder at Dawn is a 1932 American Pre-Code film directed by Richard Thorpe. The film is also known as The Death Ray in the United Kingdom.CastJack Mulhall as DannyJosephine Dunn as Doris FarringtonEddie Boland as FreddieMarjorie Beebe as GertrudeMartha Mattox as The HousekeeperMischa Auer as HenryPhillips Smalley as Judge FolgerCrauford Kent as ArnsteinFrank Ball as Dr. FarringtonAlfred Cross as GoddardExternal linksMurder at Dawn at IMDbMurder at Dawn at the TCM Movie DatabaseMurder at Dawn is available for free viewing and download at the Internet ArchivePassage 5:HMS Al Rawdah (1911)HMS Al Rawdah was a ship of the Royal Navy. She was built in 1911 and originally christened Chenab for the Nourse Line of London.In 1930 the ship was sold to Khedivial Mail Steamship & Graving Dock and renamed Ville De Beyrouth. In 1939 the ship was sold again and renamed Al Rawdah.In 1940 the British Ministry of Shipping requisitioned the vessel and she was managed by the British-India Steam Navigation Company Ltd. In 1946 Al Rawdah was returned to her owners, and scrapped in 1953.InternmentBetween 1940 and 1946 the vessel (described as a "hulk") was used as a military base and prison ship for Irish Republican internees and prisoners. Internment on the Al Rawdah began in 1939 as it was moored just off Killyleagh in Strangford Lough. Conditions on board the ageing ship were not good - food was described as "abominable" by survivors. Internees were packed in "bronchitic squalor" for months or years. On 18 November 1940 Irish Republican internee Jack Gaffney from Belfast died onboard the Al Rawdah. Some of the Irish detainees placed in the hold of Al Rawdah had also been interned on the British prison ship HMS Argenta.See alsoHMS ArgentaHMS MaidstonePassage 6:Tomorrow at DawnTomorrow at Dawn (French: Demain dès l'aube) is a 2009 French drama film directed by Denis Dercourt. It competed in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival.CastVincent Perez as MathieuJérémie Renier as PaulAurélien Recoing as Capitaine DépréesAnne Marivin as JeanneFrançoise Lebrun as Claire GuibertGérald Laroche as Major RogartBarbara Probst as ChristelleBéatrice Agenin as The DuchessPassage 7:Invasion of the Neptune MenInvasion of the Neptune Men (, Uchū Kaisokusen) is a 1961 superhero film produced by Toei Company Ltd. The film stars Sonny Chiba as Iron Sharp (called Space Chief in the U.S. version).The film was released in 1961 in Japan and was later released in 1964 direct to television in the United States. In 1998, the film was featured on an episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000.PlotAstronomer Shinichi Tachibana has a secret identity as superhero "Iron Sharp" and has many children as friends. When they are attacked by a group of metallic aliens ("Neptune Men" in English), Iron Sharp drives the aliens away. The resourceful Tachibana helps develop an electric barrier to block the aliens from coming to the Earth.  After several losses by the aliens, they announce that they will invade the Earth, throwing the world into a state of panic. The aliens destroy entire cities with their mothership and smaller fighters. After Iron Sharp destroys multiple enemy ships, Japan fires nuclear missiles at the mothership, destroying it.CastSonny Chiba as scientist Shinichi Tachibana / Iron SharpKappei Matsumoto as Dr. TanigawaRyuko Minakami as Yōko (Tanigawa's daughter)Shinjirō Ehara as scientist YanagidaMitsue Komiya as scientist SaitōStyleInvasion of the Neptune Men is part of Japan's tokusatsu genre, which involves science fiction and/or superhero films that feature heavy use of special effects.ProductionInvasion of the Neptune Men was an early film for Sonny Chiba. Chiba started working in Japanese television where he starred in superhero television series in 1960. Chiba continued working back and forth between television and film until the late 1960s when he became a more popular star.ReleaseUchū Kaisokusen was released in Japan on 19 July 1961. The film was not released theatrically in the United States, but it was released


Passage 1:Bernie BonvoisinBernard Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: [bna b̃vwaz̃]), known as Bernie Bonvoisin (French pronunciation: [bnib̃vwaz̃], born 9 July 1956 in Nanterre, Hauts-de-Seine), is a French hard rock singer and film director. He is best known for having been the singer of Trust.Hewas one of the best friends of Bon Scott the singer of AC/DC and together they recorded the song "Ride On" which was one of the last songs by BonScott.External linksBernie Bonvoisin at IMDbPassage 2:Margery CuylerMargery Cuyler is an American children's book author. She has written many picture books,including That's Good! That's Bad! and the rest of its series.Cuyler grew up in Princeton, NJ. She graduated from Sarah Lawrence College in 1970. Besides writingher own books, she has worked as a children's book editor and in executive positions at Amazon.com, Marshall Cavendish, Golden Books Family Entertainment,Henry Holt and Company, and Holiday House. In 2011, she appeared on The Celebrity Apprentice television show, judging the contestants on their work creatinga children's book.Cuyler lives in Lawrenceville, New Jersey.BibliographyPicture booksSir William and the Pumpkin Monster, Henry Holt, 1984Freckles and Willie: AValentine's Day Story, Henry Holt, 1986Fat Santa, Henry Holt, 1987Freckles and Jane, Henry Holt, 1989Shadow's Baby, Clarion Books, 1989Daisy's CrazyThanksgiving, Henry Holt, 1990Baby Dot: A Dinosaur Story, Clarion Books, 1990Buddy Bear and the Bad Guys, Clarion Books, 1990That's Good! That's Bad!,Henry Holt, 1991The Christmas Snowman, Arcade Books, 1992The Biggest, Best Snowman, Scholastic, 1998From Here to There, Henry Holt, 1999100th DayWorries, Simon & Schuster, 2000Road Signs, Winslow Press, 2000Stop, Drop and Roll, Simon & Schuster, 2001Ah-choo!, Scholastic, 2002That's Good! That'sBad! In the Grand Canyon, Henry Holt, 2002Skeleton Hiccups, Margaret K. McElderry, 2002Big Friends, Walker and Company, 2004Please Say Please! Penguin'sGuide to Manners, Scholastic, 2004Groundhog Stays Up Late, Walker/Bloomsbury, 2005The Bumpy Little Pumpkin, Scholastic, 2005Please Play Safe! Penguin'sGuide to Playground Safety, Scholastic, 2006Kindness Is Cooler, Mrs. Ruler, Simon & Schuster, 2007That's Good! That's Bad! In Washington, D.C., Henry Holt,2007Hooray for Reading Day!, Simon & Schuster, 2008Monster Mess, Margaret McElderry Books/Simon & Schuster, 2008We’re Going on a Lion Hunt, MarshallCavendish, 2008The Little Dump Truck, Henry Holt, 2009That's Good! That's Bad! On Santa's Journey, Henry Holt, 2009Bullies Never Win, Simon & Schuster,2009Princess Bess Gets Dressed, Simon & Schuster, 2009I Repeat, Don't Cheat!, Simon & Schuster, 2010Guinea Pigs Add Up, Walker and Company, 2010TickTock Clock, HarperCollins, 2012Skeleton for Dinner, Albert Whiteman, 2013The Little School Bus, Henry Holt, 2014The Little Dump Truck, Henry Holt,2014NovelsThe Trouble with Soap, E.P. Dutton, 1982Weird Wolf, Henry Holt, 1989Invisible in the Third Grade, Henry Holt, 1995The Battlefield Ghost, Scholastic,1999NonfictionJewish Holidays, Henry Holt, 1978The All-Around Pumpkin Book, Henry Holt, 1980The All-Around Christmas Book, Henry Holt, 1982Passage3:That's Good, That's Bad (Frankie Laine song)"That's Good, That's Bad" is a 1951 hit song sung by Jo Stafford and Frankie Laine. It was written by Ervin Drakeand Jimmy Shirl.Passage 4:Kristian LeontiouKristian Leontiou (born February 1982) is an English singer. Formerly a solo artist, he is the lead singer of indie rockband One eskimO.Early lifeKristian Leontiou was born in London, England and is of Greek Cypriot descent. He went to Hatch End High School in Harrow andworked several jobs in and around London whilst concentrating on music when he had any free time.  In 2003 he signed a major record deal with Polydor. At thetime, Leontiou was dubbed "the new Dido" by some media outlets. His debut single "Story of My Life" was released in June 2004 and reached #9 in the UKSingles Chart. His second single "Shining" peaked at #13 whilst the album Some Day Soon was certified gold selling in excess of 150,000 copies.Leontiou touredthe album in November 2004 taking him to the US to work with L.A Reid, Chairman of the Island Def Jam music group.  Unhappy with the direction his career wasgoing, on a flight back from the US in 2004 he decided to take his music in a new direction.  Splitting from his label in late 2005, he went on to collaborate withFaithless on the song "Hope & Glory" for their album ‘'To All New Arrivals'’.  It was this release that saw him unleash the One eskimO moniker.  It was throughworking with Rollo Armstrong on the Faithless album, that Rollo got to hear an early demo of "Astronauts" from the One eskimO project. Being more thanimpressed by what he heard, Rollo opened both his arms and studio doors to Leontiou and they began to co-produce the ‘'All Balloons’' album.It was at this timethat he paired up with good friend Adam Falkner, a drummer/musician, to introduce a live acoustic sound to the album. They recorded the album with engineerPhill Brown (engineer for Bob Marley and Robert Plant) at Ark studios in St John's Wood where they recorded live then headed back to Rollo's studio to add thecinematic electro touches that are prominent on the album.Shortly after its completion, One eskimO's "Hometime" was used on a Toyota Prius advert in the USA.The funds from the advert were then used to develop the visual aspect of One eskimO. He teamed up with friend Nathan Erasmus (Gravy Media Productions)along with animation team Smuggling Peanuts (Matt Latchford and Lucy Sullivan) who together began to develop the One eskimO world, the first animationproduced was for the track ‘Hometime’ which went on to win a British animation award in 2008.In 2008 Leontiou started a new management venture with ATCMusic. By mid-2008 Time Warner came on board to develop all 10 One eskimO animations which were produced the highly regarded Passion Pictures inLondon.  Now with all animation complete and a debut album, One eskimO prepare to unveil themselves fully to the world in summer 2009.Leontiou released acover version of Tracy Chapman's "Fast Car", which was originally released as a single in 2005. Leontiou's version was unable to chart, however, due to therebeing no simultaneous physical release alongside the download single, a UK chart rule that was in place at the time. On 24 April 2011, the song entered thesingles chart at number 88 due to Britain's Got Talent contestant Michael Collings covering the track on the show on 16 April2011.DiscographyAlbumsSinglesNotesA  - Originally released as a single in April 2005, Leontiou's version of "Fast Car" did not chart until 2011 in the UK.Alsofeatured onNow That's What I Call Music! 58 (Story of My Life)Win a Date with Tad Hamilton! OST, Love Love Songs - The Ultimate Love Collection(Shining)Summerland OST (The Crying)Passage 5:Frankie LaineFrankie Laine (born Francesco Paolo LoVecchio; March 30, 1913 – February 6, 2007) was anAmerican singer and songwriter whose career spanned nearly 75 years, from his first concerts in 1930 with a marathon dance company to his final performanceof "That's My Desire" in 2005. Often billed as "America's Number One Song Stylist", his other nicknames include "Mr. Rhythm", "Old Leather Lungs", and "Mr.Steel Tonsils". His hits included "That's My Desire", "That Lucky Old Sun", "Mule Train", "Jezebel", "High Noon", "I Believe", "Hey Joe!", "The Kid's Last Fight","Cool Water", "Rawhide", and "You Gave Me a Mountain".He sang well-known theme songs for many Western film soundtracks, including 3:10 To Yuma, Gunfightat the O.K. Corral, and Blazing Saddles, although his recordings were not charted as a country & western. Laine sang an eclectic variety of song styles andgenres, stretching from big band crooning to pop, western-themed songs, gospel, rock, folk, jazz, and blues. He did not sing the soundtrack song for High Noon,which was sung by Tex Ritter, but his own version (with somewhat altered lyrics, omitting the name of the antagonist, Frank Miller) was the one that became abigger hit. He also did not sing the theme to another show he is commonly associated with—Champion the Wonder Horse (sung by Mike Stewart)—but releasedhis own, subsequently more popular, version.Laine's enduring popularity was illustrated in June 2011 when a TV-advertised compilation called Hits reached No.16 on the UK Albums Chart. The accomplishment was achieved nearly 60 years after his debut on the UK chart, 64 years after his first major U.S. hit and fouryears after his death.Early lifeFrankie Laine was born Francesco Paolo LoVecchio on March 30, 1913, to Giovanni and Cresenzia LoVecchio (née Salerno). His CookCounty, Illinois, birth Certificate, No. 14436, was already Americanized at the time of his birth, with his name written as "Frank Lovecchio," his mother as "AnnaSalerno," and his father as "John Lovecchio," with the "V" lower case in each instance, except in the "Reported by" section with "John Lo Vecchio (father)" writtenin. His parents had emigrated from Monreale, Sicily, to Chicago's Near West Side, in "Little Italy," where his father worked at one time as the personal barber forgangster Al Capone. Laine's family appears to have had several organized crime connections, and young Francesco was living with his grandfather when the latterwas killed by rival gangsters.The eldest of eight children, Laine grew up in the Old Town neighborhood (first at 1446 N. North Park Avenue and later at 331 W.Schiller Street) and got his first taste of singing as a member of the choir in the Church of the Immaculate Conception's elementary school across the street fromthe North Park Avenue home. He later attended Lane Technical High School, where he helped to develop his lung power and breath control by joining the trackand field and basketball teams. He realized he wanted to be a singer when he missed time in school to see Al Jolson's current talking picture, The Singing Fool.Jolson would later visit Laine when both were filming pictures in 1949, and at about this time, Jolson remarked that Laine was going to put all the other singersout of business.Early career and stylistic influencesEven in the 1920s, his vocal abilities were enough to get him noticed by a slightly older "in crowd" at hisschool, who began inviting him to parties and to local dance clubs, including Chicago's Merry Garden Ballroom. At 17, he sang before a crowd of 5,000 at TheMerry Garden Ballroom to such applause that he ended up performing five encores on his first night. Laine was giving dance lessons for a charity ball at the MerryGarden when he was called to the bandstand to sing:Soon I found myself on the main bandstand before this enormous crowd, Laine recalled. I was reallynervous, but I started singing 'Beside an Open Fireplace,' a popular song of the day. It was a sentimental tune and the lyrics choked me up. When I got done, thetears were streaming down my cheeks and the ballroom became quiet. I was very nearsighted and couldn't see the audience. I thought that the people didn't likeme.Some of his other early influences during this period included Enrico Caruso, Carlo Buti, and especially Bessie Smith—a record of whose somehow wound up in


Passage 1:Pete TownshendPeter Dennis Blandford Townshend (; born 19 May 1945) is an English musician. He is the co-founder, leader, guitarist, second leadvocalist and principal songwriter of the Who, one of the most influential rock bands of the 1960s and 1970s. Due to his aggressive playing style and innovativesongwriting techniques, Townshend's works with the Who and in other projects have earned him critical acclaim.Townshend has written more than 100 songs for12 of the Who's studio albums. These include concept albums, the rock operas Tommy (1969) and Quadrophenia (1973), plus popular rock radio staples such asWho's Next (1971); as well as dozens more that appeared as non-album singles, bonus tracks on reissues, and tracks on rarities compilation albums such asOdds & Sods (1974). He has also written more than 100 songs that have appeared on his solo albums, as well as radio jingles and television theme songs.Whileknown primarily as a guitarist, Townshend also plays keyboards, banjo, accordion, harmonica, ukulele, mandolin, violin, synthesiser, bass guitar, and drums; heis self-taught on all of these instruments and plays on his own solo albums, several Who albums, and as a guest contributor to an array of other artists'recordings. Townshend has also contributed to and authored many newspaper and magazine articles, book reviews, essays, books, and scripts, and he hascollaborated as a lyricist and composer for many other musical acts. In 1983, Townshend received the Brit Award for Lifetime Achievement and in 1990 he wasinducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Who. Townshend was ranked No. 3 in Dave Marsh's 1994 list of Best Guitarists in The New Bookof Rock Lists. In 2001, he received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of the Who; and in 2008 he received Kennedy Center Honors. He wasranked No. 10 in Gibson.com's 2011 list of the top 50 guitarists, and No. 10 in Rolling Stone's updated 2011 list of the 100 greatest guitarists of all time. He andRoger Daltrey received The George and Ira Gershwin Award for Lifetime Musical Achievement at UCLA on 21 May 2016.Early life and educationTownshend wasborn in Chiswick, West London, at the Chiswick Hospital, Netheravon Road, in the UK. He came from a musical family: his father, Cliff Townshend, was aprofessional alto saxophonist in the Royal Air Force's dance band the Squadronaires and his mother, Betty (née Dennis), was a singer with the Sydney Torch andLes Douglass Orchestras. The Townshends had a volatile marriage, as both drank heavily and possessed fiery tempers. Cliff Townshend was often away from hisfamily touring with his band while Betty carried on affairs with other men. The two split when Townshend was a toddler and he was sent to live with his maternalgrandmother Emma Dennis, whom Pete later described as "clinically insane". The two-year separation ended when Cliff and Betty purchased a house together onWoodgrange Avenue in middle-class Acton, and the young Pete was happily reunited with his parents. His neighbourhood was one-third Polish, and a devoutJewish family upstairs shared their housing with them and cooking with them—many of his father's closest friends were Jewish.Townshend says he did not havemany friends growing up, so he spent much of his boyhood reading adventure novels like Gulliver's Travels and Treasure Island. He enjoyed his family's frequentexcursions to the seaside and the Isle of Man. It was on one of these trips in the summer of 1956 that he repeatedly watched the 1956 film Rock Around theClock, sparking his fascination with American rock and roll. Not long thereafter, he went to see Bill Haley perform in London, Townshend's first concert. At thetime, he did not see himself pursuing a career as a professional musician; instead, he wanted to become a journalist.Upon passing the eleven-plus exam,Townshend was enrolled at Acton County Grammar School. At Acton County, he was frequently bullied because he had a large nose, an experience thatprofoundly affected him. His grandmother Emma purchased his first guitar for Christmas in 1956, an inexpensive Spanish model. Though his father taught him acouple of chords, Townshend was largely self-taught on the instrument and never learned to read music. Townshend and school friend John Entwistle formed ashort-lived trad jazz group, the Confederates, featuring Townshend on banjo and Entwistle on horns. The Confederates played gigs at the Congo Club, a youthclub run by the Acton Congregational Church, and covered Acker Bilk, Kenny Ball, and Lonnie Donegan. However, both became influenced by the increasingpopularity of rock 'n' roll, with Townshend particularly admiring Cliff Richard's debut single, "Move It". Townshend left the Confederates after getting into a fightwith the group's drummer, Chris Sherwin, and purchased a "reasonably good Czechoslovakian guitar" at his mother's antique shop.Townshend's brothers Pauland Simon were born in 1957 and 1960, respectively. Lacking the requisite grades to attend university, Pete was faced with the decision of art school, musicschool, or getting a job. He ultimately chose to study graphic design at Ealing Art College, enrolling in 1961. At Ealing, Townshend studied alongside future RollingStones guitarist Ronnie Wood. Notable artists and designers gave lectures at the college such as auto-destructive art pioneer Gustav Metzger. Townshenddropped out in 1964 to focus on music full-time.Musical career1961–1964: the DetoursIn late 1961, Entwistle joined the Detours, a skiffle/rock and roll band, ledby Roger Daltrey. The new bass player then suggested Townshend join as an additional guitarist. In the early days of the Detours, the band's repertoire consistedof instrumentals by the Shadows and the Ventures, as well as pop and trad jazz covers. Their lineup coalesced around Roger Daltrey on lead guitar, Townshendon rhythm guitar, Entwistle on bass, Doug Sandom on drums, and Colin Dawson as vocalist. Daltrey was considered the leader of the group and, according toTownshend, "ran things the way he wanted them." Dawson quit in 1962 after arguing too much with Daltrey, who subsequently moved to lead vocalist. As aresult, Townshend, with Entwistle's encouragement, became the sole guitarist. Through Townshend's mother, the group obtained a management contract withlocal promoter Robert Druce, who started booking the band as a support act for bands including Screaming Lord Sutch, Cliff Bennett and the Rebel Rousers,Shane Fenton and the Fentones, and Johnny Kidd and the Pirates. In 1963, Townshend's father arranged an amateur recording of "It Was You", the first song hisson ever wrote. The Detours became aware of a group of the same name in February 1964, forcing them to change their name. Townshend's roommate RichardBarnes came up with "The Who", and Daltrey decided it was the best choice.1964–1982: The WhoNot long after the name change, drummer Doug Sandom wasreplaced by Keith Moon, who had been drumming semi-professionally with the Beachcombers for several years. The band was soon taken on by a mod publicistnamed Peter Meaden who convinced them to change their name to the High Numbers to give the band more of a mod feel. After bringing out one failed single("I'm the Face/Zoot Suit"), they dropped Meaden and were signed on by two new managers, Chris Stamp and Kit Lambert, who had paired up with the intentionof finding new talent and creating a documentary about them. The band anguished over a name that all felt represented the band best, and dropped the HighNumbers name, reverting to the Who. In June 1964, during a performance at the Railway Tavern, Townshend accidentally broke the top of his guitar on the lowceiling and proceeded to destroy the entire instrument. The on-stage destruction of instruments soon became a regular part of the Who's live shows.With theassistance of Lambert, the Who caught the ear of American record producer Shel Talmy, who had the band signed to a record contract. Townshend wrote a song,"I Can't Explain", as a deliberate sound-alike of the Kinks, another group Talmy produced. Released as a single in January 1965, "I Can't Explain" was the Who'sfirst hit, reaching number eight on the British charts. A follow-up single ("Anyway, Anyhow, Anywhere"), credited to both Townshend and Daltrey, also reachedthe top 10 in the UK. However, it was the release of the Who's third single, "My Generation", in November that, according to Who biographer Mark Wilkerson,"cemented their reputation as a hard-nosed band who reflected the feelings of thousands of pissed-off adolescents at the time." The Townshend-penned singlereached number two on the UK charts, becoming the Who's biggest hit. The song and its famous line "I hope I die before I get old" was "very much about tryingto find a place in society", Townshend stated in an interview with David Fricke.To capitalise on their recent single success, the Who's debut album My Generation(The Who Sings My Generation in the US) was released in late 1965, containing original material written by Townshend and several James Brown covers thatDaltrey favoured. Townshend continued to write several successful singles for the band, including "Pictures of Lily", "Substitute", "I'm a Boy", and "Happy Jack".Lambert encouraged Townshend to write longer pieces of music for the next album, which became "A Quick One, While He's Away". The album was subsequentlytitled A Quick One and reached No. 4 in the charts upon its release in December 1966. In their stage shows, Townshend developed a guitar stunt in which hewould swing his right arm against the guitar strings in a style reminiscent of the vanes of a windmill. He developed this style after watching Rolling Stonesguitarist Keith Richards warm up before a show.The Who commenced their first US tour on 22 March 1967. Townshend took to trashing his hotel suites, thoughnot to the extent of his bandmate Moon. He also began experimenting with LSD, though stopped taking the drug after receiving a potent hit after the MontereyPop Festival on 18 June. Released in December, their next album was The Who Sell Out—a concept album based on pirate radio, which had been instrumental inraising the Who's popularity. It included several humorous jingles and mock commercials between songs, and the Who's biggest US single, "I Can See for Miles".Despite the success of "I Can See for Miles", which reached No. 9 on the American charts, Townshend was surprised it was not an even bigger hit, as heconsidered it the best song he had written up to that point.By 1968, Townshend became interested in the teachings of Meher Baba. He began to develop amusical piece about a deaf, dumb, and blind boy who would experience sensations musically. The piece would explore the tenets of Baba's philosophy. The resultwas the rock opera Tommy, released on 23 May 1969 to critical and commercial success. In support of Tommy, the Who launched a tour that included amemorable appearance at the Woodstock Festival on 17 August. While the Who were playing, Yippie leader Abbie Hoffman jumped the stage to complain aboutthe arrest of John Sinclair. Townshend promptly knocked him offstage with his guitar, shouting, "Fuck off my fucking stage!"In 1970, the Who released Live at


Passage 1:The Man with the Glass EyeThe Man with the Glass Eye (German: Der Mann mit dem Glasauge) is a 1969 West German crime film directed by AlfredVohrer and starring Horst Tappert, Karin Hübner and Hubert von Meyerinck. It is part of Rialto Film's long-running series of Edgar Wallace adaptations.The film'ssets were designed by the art directors Walter Kutz and Wilhelm Vorwerg. It was shot at the Spandau Studios and on location in West Berlin, Hamburg andLondon.CastPassage 2:The Return of Pom PomThe Return of Pom Pom (Chinese: ) is a 1984 Hong Kong comedy film directed by Philip Chan and starringRichard Ng and John Shum. It is the second film in the Pom Pom film series which is a spin-off the Lucky Stars series.PlotHaving been together for years, policeofficer Beethoven (John Shum) must find a new place to live as his friend and fellow officer Ng Ah Chow (Richard Ng) is marrying his fiancée Anna (Deanie Yip).Furthermore, the two officers are transferred to a new department run by fearsome Inspector Tien (James Tin Chuen). While here their former boss inspectorChan (Philip Chan) is set up after evidence is stolen by "The Flying Spider" (Lam Ching-ying), the two officers must track down the thief to prove Chan'sinnocence.CastRichard Ng as officer Ng Ah ChiuJohn Shum as officer BeethovenDeannie Yip as Anna, Ng's love interestLam Ching-Ying as The Flying SpiderPhilipChan as Inspector ChanJames Tin Chuen as Inspector TienPassage 3:Mr. Boo Meets Pom PomMr. Boo Meets Pom Pom (Chinese: ) is a 1985 Hong Kongcomedy film directed by Wu Ma and starring Richard Ng and John Shum. It is the third film in the Pom Pom film series which is a spin-off the Lucky Starsseries.PlotWorking at the police forensic department Mr Boo (Michael Hui) although absent-minded and scruffy is successful at his job. His beautiful wife (TerryHu) begin to be courted by handsome billionaire Yang (Stuart Ong) and now Mr Boo must try to win back her love. While on a job involving a bank robbery hebefriend detectives Chow (Richard Ng) and Beethoven (John Shum) who promise to help him with his love life.CastMichael Hui as Mr. BooTerry Hu as Mr. Boo'swifeRichard Ng Yiu-Hon as officer Ng Ah ChiuJohn Shum Kin-Fun as officer BeethovenDeannie Yip Tak-Han as Anna, Ng's loverStuart Ong as YangPassage 4:TheMan with the Fake BanknoteThe Man with the Fake Banknote or The Man with the Counterfeit Money (German: Der Mann mit der falschen Banknote) is a 1927German silent crime film directed by Romano Mengon and starring Nils Asther, Vivian Gibson and Margarete Lanner.The film's art direction was by Robert A.Dietrich.CastNils AstherVivian GibsonMargarete LannerSig ArnoPhilipp ManningKarl PlatenPassage 5:Pom Pom Strikes BackPom Pom Strikes Back is a 1986 HongKong comedy film directed by Wu Ma and starring Richard Ng and John Shum. It is the fourth and final film in the Pom Pom film series which is a spin-off theLucky Stars series.PlotPolice officers Chow (Richard Ng) and Beethoven (John Shum) are close friend who must protect a witness May (May Lo Mei Mei) after shewitnesses a gangland murder. Meanwhile Beethoven mistakenly discovers that Chow is dying of cancer and sets out to make his last few monthsmemorable.CastRichard Ng as officer Ng Ah ChiuJohn Shum as officer BeethovenDeannie Yip as Mrs Anna Ng, Ng's wifeMay Lo Mei-Mei as MayPassage 6:TheMan with Two Faces (1975 film)The Man with Two Faces (Korean:  ; RR: Gongpoui ijongingan) is a 1975 South Korean horror film.CastLeeYe-chunKim Ok-jinJin Bong-jinPassage 7:The Pom Pom GirlsThe Pom Pom Girls (also known as Palisades High) is a 1976 American film directed by JosephRuben. The screenplay was written by Ruben and based on a story by him and Robert J. Rosenthal. The movie was shot on location at Chaminade High School inLos Angeles. The Pom Pom Girls is a teensploitation film, female relationships and cheerleaders in locations that are "any town" American, and includesdisobedient teens in a date movie with romance and sex, plenty of outdoor activities, stunts that are coordinated for actors and actresses, and indoor activitiesfor a new audience.PlotA football player falls for a girl who is dating another guy, while another cannot figure out which girl he likes.The big game against rivalHardin High School is looming while a full scale prank war is underway.ProductionThe modest profits of the prior exploitation/teensploitation film TheCheerleaders (1975) inspired The Pom Pom Girls writers with cheerleader themes and scenes. Easy Rider had an influence on the film, the huge success of thatfilm had film makers like the scriptwriters Robert Rosenthal and Joseph Ruben, who is the director, include the theme of the value of freedom. Many shots andautomobiles were included, drive-in restaurant, "suicide chicken" race, many scenes of nostalgia that was incorporated from the present day. Even a tagline wasborrowed from a "50s picture", the exploitation film Rebel Without a Cause (1955). The tagline "How can anyone ever forget the girls who really turned us on?",is a promotional line and used in the film's cover art, and is to express nostalgia.CastRobert Carradine as JohnnieJennifer Ashley as LaurieMichael Mullins asJesseLisa Reeves as SallyBill Adler as DuaneJames Gammon as CoachSusan Player as Su AnnCheryl Smith (Credited as Rainbeaux Smith) as RoxanneDiane LeeHart as JudySondra Lowell as Miss PritchettReceptionThe film earned $4.3 million in rentals during its initial release.DVDThis film has been issued on Too CoolFor School: 12 Movie Collection from Mill Creek Entertainment September 29, 2009 and on The Starlite Drive-In Theater: (The Pom Pom Girls / The Van ) fromBCI / Eclipse September 26, 2006Passage 8:Alfred VohrerAlfred Vohrer (29 December 1914 – 3 February 1986) was a German film director and actor. Hedirected 48 films between 1958 and 1984. His 1969 film Seven Days Grace was entered into the 6th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1972 film Tears ofBlood was entered into the 8th Moscow International Film Festival. His 1974 film Only the Wind Knows the Answer was entered into the 9th MoscowInternational Film Festival.Selected filmographyPassage 9:Joseph RubenJoseph Porter Ruben (born May 10, 1950) is an American retired filmmaker.MoviecareerHis earlier films, such as The Stepfather, have become cult classics. In the 1990s, he went to direct high-grossing mainstream films such as Sleeping withthe Enemy starring Julia Roberts (which grossed over $150,000,000 at the box office), the controversial thriller The Good Son starring Macaulay Culkin andElijah Wood, Money Train starring Woody Harrelson and Wesley Snipes, and Return to Paradise starring Vince Vaughn and Joaquin Phoenix. He frequentlycollaborates with film editor George Bowers.He has won awards at various film festivals for his films The Stepfather, True Believer, starring Robert Downey Jr.and James Woods, and Dreamscape, starring Dennis Quaid. His 2013 feature, Penthouse North, stars Michael Keaton and Michelle Monaghan. He will return todirect the serial killer thriller Jack after not working for six years. Ruben is also attached to direct the film The Politician's Wife written by Nicholas Meyer.TheOttoman Lieutenant was released around the period of the film The Promise, a film depicting the Armenian genocide. The perceived similarities between thefilms resulted in accusations that The Ottoman Lieutenant existed to deny the Armenian genocide.FilmographyPassage 10:The Man with the GunThe Man withthe Gun (Russian: Человек с ружьём, romanized: Chelovek s ruzhyom, lit. 'Person with a rifle') is a 1938 Soviet history drama film directed by SergeiYutkevich.PlotThe film takes place during the October Revolution, when the army is approaching the army of General Krasnov. Ivan Shadrin, a peasant whobecame a soldier, goes to Petrograd in order to convey a letter to Vladimir Lenin with questions that concern his comrades.CastMaksim Shtraukh as VladimirLeninMikheil Gelovani as Joseph Stalin (removed from cut version)Boris Tenin as Ivan ShadrinVladimir Lukin as Nikolai ChibisovZoya Fyodorova as KatyaFainaRanevskaya as mansion owner, séance psychic (uncredited)Boris Chirkov as YevtushenkoNikolay Cherkasov as generalNikolai Sosnin as Zakhar ZakharovichSibirtsev, millionaireSerafima Birman as Varvara Ivanovna, his wifeMark Bernes as Kostya ZhigilyovStepan Kayukov as Andrei Dymov, sailorPavel Sukhanov asMatushkin, captiveKonstantin Sorokin as honor guardNikolai Kryuchkov as SidorovPavel Kadochnikov as soldier with seedsMikhail Yanshin as officer, séanceguestYuri Tolubeyev as revolutionary sailorPyotr Aleynikov as soldierVladimir Volchik as soldierYelizaveta Uvarova as freeloaderVasili Vanin as general's batman