User Interface: Hmm .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Good morning everybody .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Good morning .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Good morning .Marketing: Good morning .Project Manager: So , we are asked to tomake uh uh a new remote control for television . And the characteristics of this new remote control should be original and trendy and of course user user friendly. So people can {gap} can use it without any any problem .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: I don't know .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Well , Ithink we should set the the points to to drive the project and uhUser Interface: Mm . B did you send us an email about this ?Project Manager: Uh , not yet ,UserInterface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: but if you want {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah , we we received an email aboutthis uh d designs . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Do you want do you want me to send you a mail ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface:{vocalsound} Ah it's Okay . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Or {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Or you can put it in theshared folder .User Interface: Yeah , you see the email ? You {gap} email . The v very {disfmarker} no , no the first one .Marketing: No , I didn't get it .UserInterface: It's inside .Project Manager: Uh {disfmarker}Marketing: This one .User Interface: No , no .Marketing: No .User Interface: The third one . Oh , youdidn't get anything .Marketing: No , {gap} .User Interface: It's strange . {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Mm . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} .User Interface:I got an email about the dis about the discussion . Yeah .Project Manager: You get email , {gap} . {vocalsound}User Interface: I dunno from who .IndustrialDesigner: Yeah , from the account manager .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} From the account manager . You have received the sameemail , right ?Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: I think it's for your guys to {vocalsound} how to design it all the aspects so you needthat information .User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah , I think so .User Interface: Yeah , so each of us has a role to do .Marketing: YeahProjectManager: SMarketing: {vocalsound} I think {gap} assign your uh roles .User Interface: In each {disfmarker}Project Manager: For each for each one .UserInterface: We already have our role .Marketing: For each person , yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound} 'Kay , we can {disfmarker}Project Manager: So there are{disfmarker} so we have three {disfmarker}User Interface: So there are three kinds of designs , that's all .Project Manager: f yeah . We have functional design ,conceptual design , and detail design .User Interface: Okay , alright . {vocalsound}Project Manager: So , who will be the the responsible for the functional design? Any any volunteer ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I think our uh responsibilities will be assigned when we {disfmarker} in our mail we received from theaccount manager .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah , yeah .Industrial Designer: UhUser Interface: I'm doing the interface .Project Manager: You are doingthIndustrial Designer: No , I'm doing the interface . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} .User Interface: Are you using the {disfmarker} you are doing the in{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah I I'm I'm {disfmarker} Well , maybe we have {disfmarker} okay so I {gap} industrial design . It was a little confusionabout my uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Ah {vocalsound} {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: but it's alright .Project Manager:Okay , I'll for industrial design .User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay . And and you {disfmarker} Norman ?User Interface: Mm? Um working on i . {vocalsound} User interface . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: User .Project Manager: And {disfmarker} And {disfmarker}Marketing: Uh ,I'm into marketing .Project Manager: {gap} doing the marketing .Marketing: {gap} yeah nothing much in the project .Project Manager: Nothing related here tothe {disfmarker}Marketing: Marketing in this design .User Interface: Yes .Marketing: A design is basically for industrial design and the user interface .ProjectManager: {vocalsound}User Interface: You see the second mail ? Yeah , it's inside . Go down . Appendix .Marketing: Yeah , this is {gap} .User Interface: Seethere's a role for everybody .Marketing: Yeah , that's right ,User Interface: Even for the marketing .Marketing: first {gap} . {gap} us user define .ProjectManager: Next {gap} .User Interface: But look at your role , your marketing role .Marketing: There's a trend watching .Project Manager: I don't know .UserInterface: Yeah , that's your role .Project Manager: I {gap} .Industrial Designer: Well , I think we can have a little discussion about what has to be doneProjectManager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: and what are your ideas about the {disfmarker}Project Manager: About the design or {disfmarker} Maybe we'lldiscuss this later , no ?Industrial Designer: Well , w we want to have a new re remote control for for T_V_ distribution I guess .Project Manager: Mm-hmm.Industrial Designer: So we have to {vocalsound} plan how how it would be developed and uhUser Interface: Mm .Marketing: Yeah .Industrial Designer: how wecan make it work {vocalsound} .User Interface: Yes .Marketing: I mean working remotes we already have . This will be something different from the otherremotes {disfmarker} remote controls .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: What we we have to keep in mind the {disfmarker} thesecharacteristics .Industrial Designer: Yeah , I dunno I {disfmarker}Project Manager: And of course it should not be very costly .Marketing: Yeah , that's right.Project Manager: So {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yeah .User Interface: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Well I Ithink that Norman and I would think about um the technical points and um we should discuss it in the next meeting , orUser Interface: Need to collect information. {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Yeah . {vocalsound}Project Manager: About the {disfmarker} about what ?User Interface: Um . {vocalsound} I I'm part ofdesign , perhaps . Uh , what is most important in a {disfmarker} in a remote control ? What is the most important function aspect ? Uh .Project Manager: Youmean the external {gap} or {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Well , you have to make it work .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah of g of course .UserInterface: {vocalsound} That's alright .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} That's the {vocalsound} that's the big thing .Project Manager: {vocalsound}UserInterface: Yeah , it should be easy to work with .Project Manager: Yeah {gap} .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: We can thinkabout an interface with uh well {disfmarker}User Interface: Uh . We {disfmarker} maybe you can have a speech uh recognition interface . You just tell thetelevision I want {disfmarker} which channel .Project Manager: You won't {disfmarker}User Interface: Or or you can say for example , um {disfmarker}{vocalsound} I want uh to list all the programme tonight . Y you know {gap} , instead of {gap} uh remote control it's doing the {disfmarker} some searching foryou , so you don't have to look for the channel you want . Just say maybe I just want to press {disfmarker} I wanna have a button for all the movies tonight . Ora button for all the magazines , all the information {disfmarker} documentary tonight . And then you list a few , and I will choose from the list . So instead ofpressing the channel number , I am choosing the programmes directly . Yeah , that's one way of uh making it useful .Industrial Designer: Yeah , yeah .ProjectManager: I I think if we include a lot of technology on the remote control it will be very costly .User Interface: No , because {disfmarker} no ,Project Manager: S{vocalsound}User Interface: it's not very {disfmarker} a lot . Th this information exists . For example you can get um {vocalsound} {disfmarker}ProjectManager: Like s uh you you you say we can use speech .User Interface: You can use uh {disfmarker} well for example {disfmarker} anything . {vocalsound} The{vocalsound} the idea of using speech to reduce the button , but uh and it's more natural . Yeah .Industrial Designer: I {disfmarker} I think if you want t tochoose uh from a list of programme or or something like that you you may have to to use uh w uh I dunnoMarketing: I'm a {disfmarker} okay .User Interface:Yeah . Yeah .Marketing: I mean the main uh function of remote control is to have something in the handProject Manager: In the hand .Marketing: and we shouldbe very careful about the size of the remote control .Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: If we are going to add aspeech interface , I'm not sure with {gap} trendy slim size of the remote control it would be able to put a speech recogUser Interface: Yeah . Yes , possible.Marketing: if you want to put a speech recognition system f interface for that I think the T_V_ itself could have it .User Interface: Yeah . But{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: And I could talk to the T_V_ {disfmarker} television itself .Project Manager: Except if if you are far from theT_V_ .Marketing: I need not have an {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: I mean we have some {gap}or something , different technology but {disfmarker}Project Manager: This is {vocalsound} it's {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah , yeah . But th the main idea Iwanted to s I wanted to say is that um {vocalsound} there should be a function , instead of choosing the ch T_V_ channel , there's a option you can choose ,either T_V_ channels or or pr or the or the contain or the contents of the programme .Industrial Designer: On the content .Marketing: Mm-hmm , yeah .IndustrialDesigner: Yeah , yeah it's it's a good idea it's a good ideaProject Manager: Mm-hmm .User Interface: So it's more powerful . Yeah .Industrial Designer: but I Ithink that technically it would be um a little bit uh uh more tricky to to achieve this than just to {disfmarker}User Interface: No . No , because you see now all theT_V_ programmes are available on the webs . They they are {disfmarker} they are {disfmarker} they are available in X_M_L_ format or whatever the format .We don't care . We just say that this are some content . We just want to retrieve the content and then classi sort them by the types of programmes . Some of thewebsites they already provide this service ,Industrial Designer: Yeah yeah .User Interface: so we can just use the service available . Download it uh to the{disfmarker} to this remote control .Project Manager: Mm .User Interface: And then there's {disfmarker} there are only six buttons for six categories , or sevseven . The most there are only seven buttons . So I just choose the category one and you reuse the same button , for example to to choose among the the


Postdoc A: OK .Grad G: How about channelProfessor C: Yeah , go ahead .Grad E: We 're recording .Grad G: Alright .Professor C: Alright , and no crash .PostdocA: Hmm .Grad E: I pre - crashed it .Professor C: Yeah .PhD F: Pre - crashed !PhD D: It never crashes on me .Grad E: I think it 's actually {disfmarker}PhD D:What is {disfmarker} what is that ?Grad E: it depends on if the temp files are there or not , that {disfmarker} at least that 's my current working hypothesis ,PhDD: Ah .Grad E: that I think what happens is it tries to clear the temp files and if they 're too big , it crashes .PhD D: Ah .PhD B: When the power went out theother day and I restarted it , it crashed the first time .Grad E: Oh , that 's right .PhD B: After the power outPhD D: So then there would be no temp files .ProfessorC: Yeah .PhD D: OK . {comment} Hmm .Grad E: Uh , no , it doesn't {disfmarker} it doesn't clear those necessarily ,PhD D: Oh wait {disfmarker} It {disfmarker}it doesn't clear them , OK .Grad E: so .Professor C: Hmm , no connection .Grad E: It 's {disfmarker} i they 're called temp files , but they 're not actually in thetemp directory they 're in the scratch , so . They 're not backed up , but they 're not erased either on power failure .PhD D: But that 's usually the meeting that Irecorded , and it neve it doesn't crash on me .PhD B: Well this wasn't {disfmarker} Actually , this wasn't a before your meeting , this was , um , Tuesdayafternoon when , um , uh , Robert just wanted to do a little recording ,Grad E: Oh well .PhD D: Oh {disfmarker} Oh , right .PhD B: and the power had gone outearlier in the day .PhD D: OK . Huh , OK .Professor C: I don't know when would be a good excuse for it , but I just can't wait to be giving a talk t and{disfmarker} and {disfmarker} and use the example from last week with everybody t doing the digits at once .Grad E: Yeah .Postdoc A: That was fun .ProfessorC: I 'd love to play somebody that .Postdoc A: That was fun .PhD D: It was quick .Professor C: It was . It was really efficient .PhD B: Talk about a good noiseshield . You know ? You wanted to pe keep people from listening in , you could like have that playing outside the room . Nobody could listen in .Professor C: Yeah.PhD D: Well , I had this idea we could make our whole meeting faster that way .Professor C: Yeah . Everybody give the reports about what they were doing atexactly the same time ,PhD D: And we 'll just all leave ,PhD B: And then we 'll {disfmarker} we 'll go back later and review the individual channels ,Professor C:yeah .PhD D: and {disfmarker}Grad E: Yep , and then everyone can listen to it later .PhD B: right ?Grad E: Yes . Absolutely .PhD B: If you wanna know what{disfmarker}Professor C: Actually isn't that what we have been doing ?PhD D: Yeah .Grad E: It 's what it sounds like .PhD B: Practically , huh . With all theoverlaps .Postdoc A: Yeah .Professor C: What are we doing ?Grad E: I {disfmarker} Since I 've been gone all week , I didn't send out a reminder for an agenda ,so .Professor C: Yeah , and I 'm just {disfmarker}Grad E: Do we have anything to talk about or should we just read digits and go ?PhD B: I wouldn't mind hearinghow the conference was .Professor C: What conference ?PhD D: Uh , I had one question about {disfmarker}Grad E: Yeah , really . It 's all a blur .PhD D: Aren'tthe UW folks coming this weekend ?Grad E: Yep .PhD F: No . The next ,PhD D: Next weekend ?Grad E: Next weekend , week from {disfmarker}PhD F: right?Professor C: That is right . The next weekend .PhD D: Sorry , not {disfmarker} not {disfmarker} not the days coming up , but {disfmarker}PhD F: It 's like the{disfmarker}Grad E: A week from Saturday .PhD D: Yeah ,Professor C: That 's when they 're coming .PhD D: within ten days .Professor C: That 's correct .PhD D:So , are we {disfmarker} do we have like an agenda or anything that we should be {disfmarker}Professor C: No , but that would be a good idea .PhD D: OK.Professor C: Why don't we wPhD F: So {disfmarker} so the deal is that I can , um , {vocalsound} uh , I can be available after , uh , like ten thirty or something .I don't know how s how early you wanted to {disfmarker}Professor C: They 're not even gonna be here until eleven or so .Grad E: That 's good .PhD F: Oh , OK .So {disfmarker}Professor C: Cuz they 're flying up that day .PhD D: Wait , this is on {disfmarker} on Sunday ?Professor C: Saturday .PhD D: Or Saturday?Professor C: Saturday .PhD F: Saturday .Professor C: S Saturday .PhD D: OK .Grad E: Well , yProfessor C: Yeah .PhD F: Mm - hmm .Grad E: Eurospeech is dueon Friday and then I 'm going down to San {disfmarker} uh , San Jose Friday night , so , if {disfmarker} you know , if we start nice and late Saturday that 's agood thing .Professor C: No , I mean , they 're flying up from {disfmarker} from {disfmarker}Grad E: Seattle .Professor C: down from Seattle .Grad E: They 'reflying from somewhere to somewhere ,Professor C: Yeah , and they 'll end up here . So b and also Brian Kingsbury is actually flying from , uh , the east coast onthat {disfmarker} that morning .Postdoc A: Excellent .Professor C: So , i I {disfmarker} I will be {disfmarker} I mean , he 's taking a very early flightPhD F: Oh.Professor C: and we do have the time work difference running the right way , but I still think that there 's no way we could start before eleven . It might end upreally being twelve . So when we get closer we 'll find people 's plane schedules , and let everybody know . Uh , So . That 's good .Grad E: But , uh , yeah maybean agenda , or at least some things to talk about would be a good idea .Professor C: Well we can start gathering those {disfmarker} those ideas , but then we{disfmarker} we should firm it up by next {disfmarker} next Thursday 's meeting .Postdoc A: Will we have time to , um , to prepare something that we{disfmarker} in the format we were planning for the IBM transcribers by then , or {disfmarker} ?Grad E: Oh yeah . Absolutely .Postdoc A: OK .Grad E: So haveyou heard back from Brian about that , Chuck ?PhD B: Yes , um , he 's {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I 'm sorry , I should have forwarded that along . Uh ,{vocalsound} oh I {disfmarker} I think I mentioned at the last meeting , he said that , um , he talked to them and it was fine {disfmarker} with the beeps theywould be {disfmarker} That 's easy for them to do .Grad E: Great . OK . So , uh , oh , though Thi - Thilo isn't here , um , but , uh , I {disfmarker} I have theprogram to insert the beeps . What I don't have is something to parse the output of the channelized transcripts to find out where to put the beeps , but thatshould be really easy to do . So do we have a meeting that that 's been done with ,Postdoc A: He 's {disfmarker} he 's {disfmarker}Grad E: that we 've tightenedit up to the point where we can actually give it to IBM and have them try it out ?Postdoc A: He generated , um , a channel - wise presegmented version of ameeting , but it was Robustness rather than EDU so I guess depends on whether we 're willing to use Robustness ?PhD B: Well for this experiment I think we canuse pre pretty much anything .Grad E: Mm - hmm .Postdoc A: OK .PhD B: This experiment of just {disfmarker}Grad E: Well we had {disfmarker} we had talkedabout doing maybe EDU as a good choice , though . Well , {vocalsound} whatever we have .PhD B: Well we 've talked about that as being the next ones wewanted to transcribe .Grad E: Right .Postdoc A: OK .PhD B: But for the purpose of sending him a sample one to {disfmarker} fGrad E: Yeah , maybe it doesn'tmatter .Postdoc A: Great .PhD B: I {disfmarker} I don't think it mattePostdoc A: I 'll {disfmarker} I 'll {disfmarker} I 'll , um , get {disfmarker} make thatavailable .Grad E: OK , and has it been corrected ?Postdoc A: Oh , well , wait . Um {disfmarker}Grad E: Hand - checked ? Cuz that was one of the {vocalsound}processes we were talking about as well .PhD B: Right , so we need to run Thilo 's thing on it ,Postdoc A: That 's right .PhD B: and then we go in and adjust theboundaries .Postdoc A: Yeah that 's right . Yeah , we haven't done that . I {disfmarker} I could set someone on that tomorrow .PhD B: Right .Grad E: And timehow long it takes .PhD B: OK .Postdoc A: I think they 're coming {disfmarker}PhD B: And we probably don't have to do necessarily a whole meeting for that if wejust wanna send them a sample to try .Postdoc A: OK . What would be a good number of minutes ?PhD B: I don't know , maybe we can figure out how long it 'lltake @ @ to {disfmarker} to do .Grad E: Um , I don't know , it seems to me w we probably should go ahead and do a whole meeting because we 'll have totranscribe the whole meeting anyway sometime .Professor C: Yes except that if they had {disfmarker} if there was a choice between having fifteen minutes thatwas fully the way you wanted it , and having a whole meeting that didn't get at what you wanted for them {disfmarker} It 's just dependent of how much{disfmarker}Grad E: Like I {disfmarker} I mean I guess if we have to do it again anyway , but , uhProfessor C: Yeah .PhD B: I guess , the only thing I 'm notsure about is , um , how quickly can the transcribers scan over and fix the boundaries ,Postdoc A: Mm - hmm .PhD B: and {disfmarker} I mean , is it pretty easy?Grad E: I think it 's gonna be one or two times real time at {disfmarker} Wow , excuse me , two or more times real time , right ? Cuz they have to at least listento it .Professor C: Can we pipeline it so that say there 's , uh , the transcriber gets done with a quarter of the meeting and then we {disfmarker} you run itthrough this other {disfmarker} other stuff ? Uh ,Grad E: Well the other stuff is I B I 'm just thinking that from a data {disfmarker} keeping - track - of - the -data point of view , it may be best to send them whole meetings at a time and not try to send them bits and pieces .Professor C: OK , so . Oh , that 's right . Sothe first thing is the automatic thing , and then it 's {disfmarker} then it 's {disfmarker} then it 's the transcribers tightening stuff up ,Grad E: Right .Postdoc A:Mm - hmm .Professor C: and then it 's IBM .Postdoc A: Mm - hmm , mm - hmm .Grad E: Right .Professor C: OK , so you might as well ha run the automatic thingover the entire meeting , and then {disfmarker} and then , uh , you would give IBM whatever was fixed .Postdoc A: And have them fix it over the entire meetingtoo ?Grad E: Right .Professor C: Well , yeah , but start from the beginning and go to the end , right ? So if they were only half way through then that 's what you'd give IBM .Postdoc A: OK .Professor C: Right ?PhD B: As of what point ? I mean . The {disfmarker} I guess the question on my mind is do we wait for thetranscribers to adjust the marks for the whole meeting before we give anything to IBM , or do we go ahead and send them a sample ? Let their{disfmarker}Professor C: Why wouldn't we s @ @ w i if they were going sequentially through it , why wouldn't we give them {disfmarker} I mean i are we tryingto get something done by the time Brian comes ?PhD B: Well I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I mean , I don't know .Grad E: That was the question . Though.Professor C: So if we {disfmarker} if we were , then it seems like giving them something , whatever they had gotten up to , would be better than nothing .PhDB: Yeah . Uh . That {disfmarker} I agree . I agree .Grad E: Well , I don't think {disfmarker} I mean , h they {disfmarker} they typically work for what , four


Professor C: OK . So uh , he 's not here ,PhD D: So .Professor C: so you get to {disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah , I will try to explain the thing that I did this{disfmarker} this week {disfmarker} during this week .Professor C: Yeah .PhD D: Well eh you know that I work {disfmarker} I begin to work with a new featureto detect voice - unvoice .PhD E: Mm - hmm .PhD D: What I trying two MLP to {disfmarker} to the {disfmarker} with this new feature and the fifteen feature uhfrom the eh bus base systemPhD E: The {disfmarker} the mel cepstrum ?PhD D: No , satly the mes the Mel Cepstrum , the new base system {disfmarker} thenew base system .PhD E: Oh the {disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah , we {disfmarker}PhD E: OK , the Aurora system .PhD D: yeah the Aurora system with the new filter ,VAD or something like that .PhD E: OK .PhD D: And I 'm trying two MLP , one one that only have t three output , voice , unvoice , and silence ,Professor C: Mm -hmm .PhD D: and other one that have fifty - six output . The probabilities of the allophone . And I tried to do some experiment of recognition with that and onlyhave result with {disfmarker} with the MLP with the three output . And I put together the fifteen features and the three MLP output . And , well , the result are li alittle bit better , but more or less similar .Professor C: Uh , I {disfmarker} I 'm {disfmarker} I 'm slightly confused .PhD E: Hmm .Professor C: What {disfmarker}what feeds the uh {disfmarker} the three - output net ?PhD D: Voice , unvoice , and siProfessor C: No no , what feeds it ? What features does it see ?PhD D: Thefeature {disfmarker} the input ? The inputs are the fifteen {disfmarker} the fifteen uh bases feature .Professor C: Uh - huh .PhD D: the {disfmarker} with thenew code . And the other three features are R , the variance of the difference between the two spectrum ,Professor C: Uh - huh .PhD D: the variance of the auto -correlation function , except the {disfmarker} the first point , because half the height value is R - zeroProfessor C: Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm . Mm -hmm .PhD D: and also R - zero , the first coefficient of the auto - correlation function . That is like the energy with these three feature ,Professor C: Right .PhD D:also these three feature .Professor C: You wouldn't do like R - one over R - zero or something like that ? I mean usually for voiced - unvoiced you 'd do{disfmarker} yeah , you 'd do something {disfmarker} you 'd do energyPhD D: Yeah .Professor C: but then you have something like spectral slope , which is youget like R - one ov over R - zero or something like that .PhD D: Uh yeah .PhD E: What are the R 's ?Professor C: R correlations .PhD E: I 'm sorry I missed it .PhDD: No , R c No .PhD E: Oh .PhD D: Auto - correlation ? Yes , yes , the variance of the auto - correlation function that uses thatProfessor C: Ye - Well that 's thevariance , but if you just say " what is {disfmarker} " I mean , to first order , um yeah one of the differences between voiced , unvoiced and silence is energy .Another one is {disfmarker} but the other one is the spectral shape .PhD D: Yeah , I I 'll {disfmarker} The spectral shape ,Professor C: Yeah , and so R - one overR - zero is what you typically use for that .PhD D: yeah . No , I don't use that {disfmarker} I can't use {disfmarker}Professor C: No , I 'm saying that 's whatpeople us typically use .PhD D: Mmm .Professor C: See , because it {disfmarker} because this is {disfmarker} this is just like a single number to tell you um "does the spectrum look like that or does it look like that " .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Grad A: Oh . R {disfmarker} R {disfmarker} R - zero .Professor C: Right ?PhD D:Mm - hmm .Professor C: So if it 's {disfmarker} if it 's um {disfmarker} if it 's low energy uh but the {disfmarker} but the spectrum looks like that or like that , it's probably silence .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: Uh but if it 's low energy and the spectrum looks like that , it 's probably unvoiced .PhD D: Yeah .Professor C:So if you just {disfmarker} if you just had to pick two features to determine voiced - unvoiced , you 'd pick something about the spectrum like uh R - one over R -zero , um and R - zeroPhD D: Mm - hmm , OK .Professor C: or i i you know you 'd have some other energy measure and like in the old days people did like uhzero crossing counts .PhD D: Yeah , yeah .Professor C: Right . S SPhD D: Well , I can also th use this .Professor C: Yeah . Um ,PhD D: Bec - because the resultare a little bit better but we have in a point that everything is more or less the similar {disfmarker} more or less similar .Professor C: Yeah . But umPhD D: It 'snot quite better .Professor C: Right , but it seemed to me that what you were what you were getting at before was that there is something about the differencebetween the original signal or the original FFT and with the filter which is what {disfmarker} and the variance was one take uh on it .PhD D: Yeah , I used this too.Professor C: Right . But it {disfmarker} it could be something else . Suppose you didn't have anything like that . Then in that case , if you have two nets , Alright, and this one has three outputs , and this one has fPhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: whatever , fifty - six , or something ,PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: if youwere to sum up the probabilities for the voiced and for the unvoiced and for the silence here , we 've found in the past you 'll do better at voiced - unvoiced -silence than you do with this one . So just having the three output thing doesn't {disfmarker} doesn't really buy you anything . The issue is what you feed it .PhDD: Yeah . Yeah , I have {disfmarker} yeah .Professor C: So uhPhD D: No {disfmarker}PhD E: So you 're saying take the features that go into the voiced -unvoiced - silence net and feed those into the other one , as additional inputs , rather than having a separate {disfmarker}Professor C: w W well that 's anotherway .PhD D: Yeah .Professor C: That wasn't what I was saying but yeah that 's certainly another thing to do . No I was just trying to say if you b if you bring thisinto the picture over this , what more does it buy you ?PhD E: Mmm .Professor C: And what I was saying is that the only thing I think that it buys you is um basedon whether you feed it something different . And something different in some fundamental way . And so the kind of thing that {disfmarker} that she was talkingabout before , was looking at something uh ab um {disfmarker} something uh about the difference between the {disfmarker} the uh um log FFT uh log power uhand the log magnitude uh F F - spectrum uh and the um uh filter bank .PhD D: Yeah .Professor C: And so the filter bank is chosen in fact to sort of integrate outthe effects of pitch and she 's saying you know trying {disfmarker} So the particular measure that she chose was the variance of this m of this difference , butthat might not be the right number .PhD D: Mm - hmm . Maybe .Professor C: Right ? I mean maybe there 's something about the variance that 's {disfmarker}that 's not enough or maybe there 's something else that {disfmarker} that one could use , but I think that , for me , the thing that {disfmarker} that struck mewas that uh you wanna get something back here , so here 's {disfmarker} here 's an idea . uh What about it you skip all the {disfmarker} all the really cleverthings , and just fed the log magnitude spectrum into this ?PhD D: Ah {disfmarker} I 'm sorry .Professor C: This is f You have the log magnitude spectrum , andyou were looking at that and the difference between the filter bank and {disfmarker} and c c computing the variance .PhD D: Yeah . Mm - hmm .Professor C:That 's a clever thing to do .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: What if you stopped being clever ? And you just took this thing in here because it 's a neural net andneural nets are wonderfulPhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: and figure out what they can {disfmarker} what they most need from things , and I mean that 's whatthey 're good at .PhD D: Yeah .Professor C: So I mean you 're {disfmarker} you 're {disfmarker} you 're trying to be clever and say what 's the statistic thatshould {disfmarker} we should get about this difference but uh in fact , you know maybe just feeding this in or {disfmarker} or feeding both of them inPhD E:Hmm .Professor C: you know , another way , saying let it figure out what 's the {disfmarker} what is the interaction , especially if you do this over multipleframes ?PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: Then you have this over time , and {disfmarker} and both kinds of measures and uh you might get uh something better.PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor C: Um .PhD E: So {disfmarker} so don't uh {disfmarker} don't do the division , but let the net have everything .Professor C: That's another thing you could do yeah . Yeah .PhD D: Yeah .Professor C: Um . I mean , it seems to me , if you have exactly the right thing then it 's better to do itwithout the net because otherwise you 're asking the net to learn this {disfmarker} you know , say if you wanted to learn how to do multiplication .PhD E: Mm -hmm .Professor C: I mean you could feed it a bunch of s you could feed two numbers that you wanted to multiply into a net and have a bunch of nonlinearities inthe middle and train it to get the product of the output and it would work . But , it 's kind of crazy , cuz we know how to multiply and you {disfmarker} you 'd beyou know much lower error usually {vocalsound} if you just multiplied it out . But suppose you don't really know what the right thing is . And that 's what thesesort of dumb machine learning methods are good at . So . Um . Anyway . It 's just a thought .PhD E: How long does it take , Carmen , to train up one of thesenets ?PhD D: Oh , not too much .PhD E: Yeah .PhD D: Mmm , one day or less .PhD E: Hmm .Professor C: Yeah , it 's probably worth it .Grad A: What are{disfmarker} what are your f uh frame error rates for {disfmarker} for this ?PhD D: Eh fifty - f six uh no , the frame error rate ?Grad A: OPhD D: Fifty - six I think.Professor C: Is that {disfmarker} maybe that 's accuracy ?PhD D: Percent .Grad A: Fif - fifty - six percent accurate for v voice - unvoicePhD D: The accuracy .Mm - hmm . No for , yes f I don't remember for voice - unvoice ,Grad A: Oh , OK .PhD D: maybe for the other one .Grad A: OK .Professor C: Yeah , voiced -unvoiced hopefully would be a lot better .PhD D: for voiced . I don't remeGrad A: Should be in nineties somewhere .PhD D: Better . Maybe for voice - unvoice.Grad A: Right .PhD D: This is for the other one . I should {disfmarker} I can't show that .Grad A: OK .PhD D: But I think that fifty - five was for the {disfmarker}when the output are the fifty - six phone .Grad A: Mm - hmm .PhD D: That I look in the {disfmarker} with the other {disfmarker} nnn the other MLP that wehave are more or less the same number . Silence will be better but more or less the same .Professor C: I think at the frame level for fifty - six that was the kind ofnumber we were getting for {disfmarker} for uh um reduced band width uh stuff .PhD D: I think that {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I think that forthe other one , for the three output , is sixty sixty - two , sixty three more or less .Grad A: Mm - hmm .Professor C: That 's all ?PhD D: It 's {disfmarker} Yeah.Professor C: That 's pretty bad .PhD D: Yeah , because it 's noise also .Grad A: Oh yeah .Professor C: Aha !PhD D: And we haveProfessor C: Aha ! Yeah . Yeah .OK .PhD D: I know .Professor C: But even i in {disfmarker} Oh yeah , in training . Still , Uh . Well actually , so this is a test that you should do then . Um , if you


Project Manager: Okay . Hi Team . Hope you had a good lunch .Marketing: {gap}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay we're back for the conceptual designmeeting . Um let's get started . 'Kay , here is the agenda for today's meeting . Um we're gonna open it and I'm gonna keep the minutes as Project Manager .We're gonna have three presentations , one from each of you again . And then we are going to come to decision on the remote control concepts and then we'regonna close it up . And we have forty minutes again . 'Kay , and just to reiterate um after this meeting the team will reach a decision on the concepts of theremote control . Okay . Let's go ahead and start off with your presentations . Who would like to go first ?Industrial Designer: Just trying to move mine right now.Project Manager: Okay . Um Courtney would you mind starting us off ?Marketing: Yeah {gap} .Project Manager: Okay . Trend watching ? 'Kay .Marketing: Yeah .Okay , so trend watching . Uh since we do put the fashion in electronics , it is kind of important how our product looks . So I guess we can go ahead and go to thenext . So what they want . Right now customers want fancy versus functional . Um basically about fifty eight percent of what they {disfmarker} like of theproduct that they want , describing like the {disfmarker} in order of how much they want , fifty eight per cent of the decision of what it should look like , fancyversus functional , and then it has to also be technologically innovative , and yet easy to use . So the customer basically is confused . They don't know exactlywhat they want . They want us to tell them . {gap}Industrial Designer: They want everything , but simply .Marketing: Yes . Exactly .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound} Okay .Marketing: So we can go to next .Project Manager: Mm 'kay .Marketing: Okay . So in Milan and Paris recently the trends have been showingthat clothing , shoes and furniture are basically just covered with fruits and vegetable patterns .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: So I don't know if we want to go with that um and also the spongy feel is in in contrast to last year . I don't know really , I mean I guessthe spongy could relate to the buttons if we want toProject Manager: Mm . Mm .Marketing: rather than like a hard clicky button that you find on like some mobilesand stuff , you'd want like a softer touch . I mean do you guys know what I mean .Project Manager: Right . Yes .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} YeahthMarketing: Yeah . Um . But as for the fruits and vegetable patterns , I don't know if we really want to go with that , because it is just a trend ,Project Manager:Right .Marketing: and our product we want to stay around for much longer than just a few months ,Project Manager: Right . People don't buy a new remote everyso often .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I I can {disfmarker}Marketing: because {disfmarker} Yeah . I mean that could just be a Spring thing right now.Industrial Designer: I can address some of that issue , I think , with uh my presentation .Marketing: Okay . Awesome .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: Um sodesign preferences , um we need easy to read like large buttons , clearly labelled so that , I mean 'cause we talked about that being a problem . Um and then alsobuttons illuminating upon touch , you said that in your design , with the bulb . Um and that could also tie in with the colour scheme . Uh we need the RealReaction logo and colour scheme obviously . That's one of our key goals , we wanna promote our product .User Interface: {gap}Marketing: And I was thinkingabout different types of designs and I came up with something . Actually right here . So what we could do is something like an old-fashioned telephone like this ,where we put the buttons around , like we'd put a big on-off button or something else in the middle , I mean it could be the arrows or whatever for channel upand down , and then put the numbers around in like an old-fashioned dial shape . 'Cause then it'll appeal to older generation and like said retro's cool . So it'sclassically retro .Project Manager: Hmm .Marketing: So I mean that's just an idea if you guys like it .Project Manager: Very good . I like it . {vocalsound} Okay ,ready for the next slide ?Marketing: {vocalsound} And , yep . And that's it . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Op mm 'kay .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Okay.Project Manager: Great . Great presentation . Ready ?User Interface: Okay hang on .Project Manager: 'Kay .User Interface: See if it's there .{vocalsound}Project Manager: Which one is it ?User Interface: {vocalsound} I don't know . Hang on .Project Manager: {gap}User Interface: Interface concepts ,no ?Project Manager: Interface concepts new .User Interface: Either refresh it , or it sh {disfmarker}Project Manager: YUser Interface: Oh wait , maybe I didn'tput it there . Hang on .Project Manager: 'Kay .Industrial Designer: Mine will always read copy of something or other .Project Manager: Sorry ?Industrial Designer:{vocalsound} I I copied mine before I sent it over .Project Manager: Oh okay .User Interface: Sorry , hang on . Don't know {gap} .Project Manager: Oh there wego .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: {gap}User Interface: Okay , um {vocalsound} looking at the interface concept , it's gonna be mostly examples ofpossibilities of where we can go with this . Uh if you wanna start the next slide .Project Manager: Sure .User Interface: Um uh can't really see , but there's twopossible ways , on the r left , if you see on th on the sides of of the remote , you have the sort of scroll down , so you have that option right there . And then alsothere's the idea of the base . That's sort of like an idea there . And then on the right , we have what's really big trend right now , it's the iPod . It's becomingreally {gap} and so you have this sort of very very simplistic menu section uh with the round buttons , and it's sort of like you have the both {gap} kind of trendyand hip , but also very sleek and um and very simple , but technologically advanced . So if you wanted to do that th if we could find a way of sort of like{vocalsound} using that idea in a remote control then sort of look into it , but {disfmarker} Anyway , next .Project Manager: Mm 'kay .User Interface: Um there'sthe idea of like being able to do it by feel as well as by um by sight . You'd you know you're in the dark , you don't wanna be looking at the remote control . Andthe picture particularly is pointing out if you look at the top volume button it's a V_ , and so yo you're kind of feeling a V_ like volume up . What it really is is a V_and what it you think it is is down , because the down arrow .Project Manager: Mm .User Interface: And so it's like a sort of a criticism you'd probably turn that othe other way up . Um but then you have {disfmarker} you could either do it by raised type , which could be you know , iffy , um sort of old-fashioned in a way.Project Manager: Mm .User Interface: Either that or just have it by shape , for example you have a specific triangular shape that you know you're looking at theup and down arrow . And then the round ones you sort of feel by , you know , that's the second one down , that sort of thing . So it's sort of looking into how wewanted t to do it by feel .Project Manager: Okay .User Interface: Okay . Um this is sort of an example of going for a s certain demographic . Um this is particularlygeared towards children .Marketing: That's cute .Project Manager: {gap}User Interface: Um it's very cute , and we could probably change it to yellow , brightyellow for like a the for the company logo . Um and you have the shapes and it's very simplistic and friendly looking . Um and then the other thing that it wouldbe able to do is just to pro be ab you program certain {disfmarker} {vocalsound} channels that only these children would watch , so it's like they ch watch , youknow , the C_ Beebies or something like that ,Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: uh keep them away from other channels . So that's like another arUm ,Project Manager: Okay .User Interface: I mean , these are three examples sort of looking at it . You have the wider section for the main controls there . Uhyou could see how many buttons there are . And then on the left you have an example of the round buttons , and a simpler design . On the bottom we probablywouldn't need that , because it's more for like a D_V_D_ {vocalsound} function which we are not gonna be using . Um . So again it's sort of like just give youideas and then down at the bottom you have the logos and that's where you could put the R_R_ , Real Reaction .Project Manager: 'Kay .User Interface: And thenfinally these are like the sort of same examples , but also some more , just possibilities that we could go with . None of them I'm particularly keen on by the way .{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Hmm .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: No .User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} But it's sort of like just takingaspects out of that and saying , well out of this one we like , you know the round section of um , b or we'd like the the button size on this .Project Manager: Mm .Or I like , you know , the black finish or the silver finish or whatever .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Right .Marketing: I have four of those remotes.Project Manager: {vocalsound} Good lord .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay . Ready ? Oh , yeah .Okay .User Interface: That's it .Project Manager: Great job .Industrial Designer: Okay , my turn .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound} Okay.Industrial Designer: Whoo .Project Manager: What's the title ?Industrial Designer: It'll be copy of component design .Project Manager: Got it .IndustrialDesigner: Yeah . Th that looks like it . 'Kay . So basic remote operation runs as follows , press button makes connection with the power source and the rest of thecircuit , chip senses the connection , chip produces a morse code infra-red signal , specific to that button . So you press the button , it produces uh a signal that'sencoded specifically for that button . Transistors amplify that signal and it goes to the T_V_'s centre , which interprets the signal response accordingly , changeschannel etcetera . So that being said {disfmarker} Next slide , please . Findings oh which were the required materials for the basic internal construction , so allthe really simplistic functions that we just discussed , we need rubber for buttons , aluminium for battery y contacts , integrated circuit which consists of a diode ,transistor , resonator , resistors , and a capacitator , all those basic things that make a circuit function . Um fibreglass and thin copper wire to create the actualcircuit board itself . An L_E_D_ , which is a light emitting diode , um contact discs for the buttons , plastic for the casing , and a power-source , whateverpower-source we've actually determined we want . Next slide , please . Thank you . Uh personal preferences , uh to save money for the components , the remoteshould be mass-produced and basic materials should be bought en masse . Um if we find another company who can produce the required chips , casing , L_E_D_, any additional materials we decide we require at a less expensive rate than we ourselves are producing , we should go for it . {vocalsound} Next slide , please .Um just talking to the um manufacturing division . They suggested power options , solar cells , hand dynamo , and kinetic power , so you shake it and it increases


Marketing: {vocalsound} Hello . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap}Marketing: {vocalsound} Dang it .Project Manager: {vocalsound} And then you have toplace your laptop exactly on the marked spot .Marketing: Alright .User Interface: {gap}Project Manager: It's important to place your laptop exactly on themarked spot over here .User Interface: Okay . No , that's okay . Joost , your mouse .Marketing: What ?User Interface: No mouse needed ?Marketing: I've got atouch-pad .User Interface: Mm .Marketing: Do you know how how I can wake it up ?User Interface: A touch-pad ?Marketing: No , my laptop .User Interface: Slapit .Marketing: {vocalsound} You with your brilliant ideas . I don't know if I can touch the power button . Do you know how how I can wake it up ?User Interface:Is {disfmarker}Project Manager: No . Yeah . Try the power button .Marketing: Oh .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Come on , move it .User Interface:Um {disfmarker}Marketing: Now , wake up , bitch .Project Manager: Huh .User Interface: F_ five . F_ five {gap} .Industrial Designer: I've lost my screen . Uh{disfmarker} {vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah , so did I .User Interface: I don't .Marketing: I closed it . That wasn that wasn't very smart , I guess .User Interface:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Come on . Get back to me . Yes .Industrial Designer: Yes .User Interface: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: I closed the {disfmarker}Marketing: I closed it .User Interface: You've got your name . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah , my name is name.Marketing: No , I didn't restart it , I just closed it . Yes .User Interface: Hope it working .Marketing: Alright .Industrial Designer: No .User Interface: Never closeyour laptop .Project Manager: Yeah ? Everybody's ready ?User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: Great . Thanks .Project Manager: Great . Well , welcome to the kick-offmeeting . I uh forgot to put my name over here , it's uh {vocalsound} it's Martin . Uh , so you all know .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Well , this isthe agenda for today . Well , the opening is what I'm doing right now .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Uh , we gonna do some acquaintanceacquaintance things . Uh give some um examples of the tool training , project plan discussion and the closing . We have twenty five minutes . Okay , the projectaim is to design a new remote control .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Uh , some of the {vocalsound} oje objectives are that is has to be original , trendy, and user-friendly . So now we all know what ourUser Interface: Okay .Project Manager: goal is . Um , I {disfmarker} oh forget {disfmarker} I forget the wholeacquaintance part , but we we all know each other . We all know each other's names . Joost , Guido , Antek .User Interface: What is your name ?Marketing: Yes.Industrial Designer: Yes . Antek .User Interface: Antek Ahmet . And Joost . {gap}Project Manager: Okay . I think we uh al already uh been through that part.User Interface: Okay . Yeah .Project Manager: Okay , it consists of uh three levels of design . Uh we begin with the functional design , then we go to theconceptual design and the detailed design . Every uh level of design consists of some individual work , and we uh close it with a meeting . You all received anemail with a example of our explanation of what uh the particular level of design uh means to the different uh functions , and uh you p you probably read thatalready , so I don't have to tell you about that .User Interface: Yes .Marketing: Yes .Project Manager: Okay , first we're gonna um uh gonna try some differentthings with the tools we have over here , so you get acquainted with these uh um uh meeting tools . We have the smart-boards , uh the thes those two boards .This is the presentation boards , wh which one I'm using right now . You can uh um {disfmarker} there's a document folder called um the sh {vocalsound} shareddocument folder . You can upload your uh documents to that folder and then you can open them over here , so you can do your PowerPoint presentations on thisscreen . We also have the white-board . Uh , we're gonna skip through thUser Interface: Can we see the white-board on our laptops ?Project Manager: No , no .Just on the on the screen over there .User Interface: No , I saw I saw the file , the smart-board that X_B_K_ but {disfmarker}Project Manager: Oh , no . Probablyis , but I don't know if the software is on the laptop {gap} . Is is {disfmarker} if it's mainly a thing for in the meeting , so I don't think it's {disfmarker} I don'tknow if it's important .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: This an explanation of the smart-boards . There is a tool-bar over here . It's quite simple . Youhave the the pen function , eraser function . It's like a very simple uh paint application . Uh , we {disfmarker} well , we use the same file during uh the whole day, and uh you can make new sheets by uh by pu puttin pressing on the blank button . It works like this . Oh . {vocalsound} If pen is selected , yes .User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh , no no .User Interface: With that pen ?Project Manager: It's not {disfmarker} But it is pen . It's notworking like a pen yet .User Interface: Mm .Project Manager: Huh . Huh .User Interface: Mm .Project Manager: It's doing some stuff now . So you can use a pen.User Interface: Little bit slower .Project Manager: You can use an eraser . And you can make new uh fi uh new blanks , and you can change uh the line width andthe colour of the pen by pressing on forward , which y you have to select pen format . And then select current colour or line width . So , it's quite easy . Uh well ,now you're all uh acquainted with the different tools . Right , we're gonna try out the electronic white-boards . Uh , every participant should draw his favouriteanimal and some of its favourite characteristics ,User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: on blank sheets with differentcolours , with different pen widths . Uh , I'll start off then . {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I'll use this uh same sheet . Alright . Oh , letme think . Different colours . Oh .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Well , I'm gonna draw um a p piranha . Uh , a fish .User Interface: {vocalsound}piranha . Okay .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Uh . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Mm-hmm . I'm gonna use some different colour {gap} now .User Interface: Oh .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Some {disfmarker} a littlewhite . Looks like a fish . Think it is . Oh .User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh . {vocalsound} Uh , colour . This is black ? I think so .User Interface:Yellow {gap} {disfmarker}Project Manager: Oh . Oh , this is just uh {vocalsound} useless uh drawings but {disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Oh teeth . I need teeth . {vocalsound} Well , they're not supposed to be green , or whatever colour this is .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface:Hmm .Project Manager: Okay . What was uh {disfmarker} I have su to sum up its favourite characterisUser Interface: Different .Project Manager: Well , I like itsuh sharp {disfmarker} razor sharp teeth . {vocalsound} Plus , uh the the big uh forehead and uh a small uh , well a small actual face . And I like its overall uhaggressive look and {disfmarker} Well , that's what I like about uh piranha . I think that's kind of what uh the intention should be .User Interface: Okay .ProjectManager: Well , who wants to be next ?Marketing: Nobody , I guess . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} I will try . Yeah . I will try . Uh{disfmarker}Project Manager: You go , Guido ? Okay . Uh , make a new sheet . Uh , it's by pressing on blank .User Interface: Blank ?Project Manager: Yep .UserInterface: Okay . Then pen again ?Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yep .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: And uh {disfmarker} so in the formatmenu you can choose the different uh colours and uh pen widths .User Interface: Okay , um {disfmarker}Marketing: Format .User Interface: {gap} control . Uh{disfmarker} Ah , purple . Um , I don't know what my uh favourite uh animal is ,Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: but the easiest animal I can think is is abird .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Uh I will {disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} You know , I thought of that actually .User Interface: That's my bird . {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Yeah ?Marketing: Yeah.User Interface: Isn't it quite {disfmarker} it's a little bit light .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound}User Interface: Uh , another colour maybe . A red one .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: A small one . Uh , line width . Two ? Three . Ohthat's okay . That's another one .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Well , tell us something about uh your favourite characteristics of theseuh particular birds .User Interface: {vocalsound} Ano {vocalsound} Uh {vocalsound} uh {vocalsound} it's a {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Marketing: Its simplicity .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Yeah , it's uh the most simple uh animal I know , I think .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Um , I don't know . Maybe because uh there's there's some s uh free uh maybe inthe sky or something like that .Project Manager: Oh , okay . Okay .User Interface: Maybe a little bit . Yeah . I don't know .Project Manager: Okay . No , uh it'sclear .User Interface: So {gap} more uh birds ?Project Manager: N no {vocalsound} no .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: We get your point . Okay . Who wants to be next ?User Interface: {vocalsound} {gap} Okay , {vocalsound} okay , {vocalsound} okay .Marketing:{vocalsound} Yeah , whatever . I'll go next .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Thanks .User Interface: MMarketing: I haven't got a favourite animal too ,so {disfmarker}User Interface: Pictionary . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: Oh . {vocalsound} What should I draw ?Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh .User Interface: A cow .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}UserInterface: {vocalsound} Okay .Marketing: Thank you ,Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: I'll draw a penguin . {vocalsound} Yeah . {vocalsound} I'll drawa penguin . Whatever . I can't draw , so you can start to laugh already .Project Manager: {vocalsound} I'll do so . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: Whatever . Something like that .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Marketing: Come on.User Interface: Yeah , it's little bit hard .Marketing: Mm hmm hmm , orange .User Interface: Orange , of course .Marketing: Whatever .User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} Oh , {vocalsound} it's better than your bird .User Interface: {gap} Uh yeah .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing:Everything's better than your bird .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah . {vocalsound} True .Marketing: Whatever .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Hey ,


User Interface: Oops .Project Manager: So , hello everyone . {vocalsound} We're here to have a kick-off meeting for the design of a {disfmarker} f for thebeginning of new project um {vocalsound} uh remote control for the design for a new remote control {vocalsound} . I'm the Project Manager Christa Pavlov and{vocalsound} okay let's begin . {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} So I'm first going to do an opening then we get used to oneanothers and we speak about this tool we're going to design and try to make a project plan , some discussion and then we talk of uh the next meeting . So um wewant to to do a new remote control . It has to be original , trendy and user friendly .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um I think the important points wehave to t talk about are uh it's functional design , it's conceptual design , and desail detailed design . {gap} and for that we're going um all to work individuallyand then have meeting during the whole day . Um , so {vocalsound} let's try the whiteboard {vocalsound} .Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Wow .{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Um so any of you who want to go .User Interface: Yeah , for favourite animals .Project Manager: {vocalsound}UserInterface: It's gonna be not my favourite one but the one I can draw .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface:{vocalsound} And it's gonna be {disfmarker} you'll try to guess .Marketing: Wow . {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Complex .Project Manager: Wow .{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Huh ? A cat .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: No . {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}User Interface: No . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: No . Darn . {vocalsound} Uh .Project Manager: A rabbit .UserInterface: Yes , that's a rabbit .Project Manager: {vocalsound} A rabbit .User Interface: That's my favourite one .Marketing: A what ?Industrial Designer: Rabbit.Marketing: A r a rabbit , oh oh yeah , where is the carrot ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} That's it .Marketing: Okay{vocalsound} mm-hmm .Project Manager: You want to go ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: I am not very good at uh {vocalsound} this kind of stuff.User Interface: Hmm . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: My favourite animal is {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Project Manager:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} You waMarketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Wow . {vocalsound}Project Manager: A humanIndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}Marketing: Guess .Project Manager: {vocalsound} ah .Marketing: {vocalsound} A human , yay . It's a very complex animal{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: No .Marketing: and um {disfmarker} yeah . Characteristics of thisthis animal is {vocalsound} dangerous . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Mm I think you'resupposed to , yeah .Industrial Designer: Is the white {disfmarker} okay .Project Manager: Hmm .Industrial Designer: I guess you can {disfmarker} {vocalsound}{gap} . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Wow . That's cobra .Marketing: Ah , a kind of uh snake ? Cobra ?Industrial Designer: Yeahuh not really .Marketing: Exactly {vocalsound} . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Small cobra . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}UserInterface: No , it just {disfmarker} small cobra , yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Is that a worm ? Or {vocalsound} {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Marketing:Uh-huh . {vocalsound}User Interface: It's co c quite recognisable . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound} What about you uh {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Uh yeah Christa Pavlov {vocalsound} Mm .Marketing: Christa ? {vocalsound}UserInterface: Christa {vocalsound} Christa .Industrial Designer: Chris . {vocalsound}Marketing: A fish . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Mm .User Interface: Hmm.Project Manager: Smiling fish {vocalsound} .Industrial Designer: Smile fish . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Okay .Marketing: A smiling fish .{vocalsound} Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Marketing: So , w whiteboard is working ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah . {vocalsound}UserInterface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Yeah . {vocalsound}Marketing: Good . {vocalsound} Next . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Next . Let's talk aboutmoney .User Interface: Just tr try to guess who is a User Interface Designer .Marketing: {vocalsound} Yeah , well . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} According to the drawings .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yeah , you're{disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: Not me . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Okay .Project Manager: {vocalsound} So.Marketing: So . Twenty five Euro for a remote control .Project Manager: Yeah , mm that's the price we want to {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Hmm .ProjectManager: that's the aim for the price for the remote control .Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: We aim to do {vocalsound} this profit . {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} On the international market .Marketing: {vocalsound} 'tis big number .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah. Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: Yeah , we're to sell two million then .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Wow .Marketing: Mm-hmm .ProjectManager: Mm {vocalsound} for a production cost of mm twelve fifty Euros maximum . {vocalsound} 'Kay {vocalsound} . So any of you have experience inremote controls ? {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Mm yeah .Marketing: Uh yes , we have plenty at home .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} In fact , my daughter likes l {vocalsound} {gap} {vocalsound} remote controls .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: {vocalsound} That {disfmarker}User Interface: Mm . To eat ? {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: To eat ? Yeah , mainly , andto break . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} So that could be a great um {vocalsound} application .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: Remote controls children proof . Mm mm-hmm .Marketing: Mm-hmm . Yeah .User Interface: Children proof .Marketing:{vocalsound} Ye ye yeah .User Interface: Hmm .Marketing: So she likes uh buttons {vocalsound} which make click ,Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay.Industrial Designer: Yeah , pretProject Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: so {vocalsound} it has to click .Project Manager: So they have to be waterproof maybe?Marketing: It has to be uh wha {vocalsound} baby proof {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} 'Cause they eat {disfmarker} she ate it .{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: yeah {vocalsound} but mainly it has to be very robustProject Manager: Mm-hmm .Marketing: becauseeven if she's not very tall she's uh {vocalsound} high enough so that uh when she throw it away it's uh {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Ah .Marketing: So it has to be very robust .User Interface: Okay , unbreakable .Marketing: Unbreakable , yeah.User Interface: Uh-huh .Industrial Designer: Yeah , we have some child lock or something , yeah .Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Marketing:And uh {vocalsound} it has to be nice looking ,Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: colourful , maybe {disfmarker}Project Manager: Colourful , yeah mm .UserInterface: Colourful ? That's not practical .Marketing: colourful , because uh nobody has colourful remote controlIndustrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: No ,that's a good idea .Industrial Designer: Yeah , it's always black or {disfmarker} yeah .Marketing: , they're always black , yeah ,Project Manager: Mm mm-mm.User Interface: No .Marketing: but this one could be I dunno , purple or bProject Manager: Yeah . {vocalsound}User Interface: But how gonna {disfmarker}okay , just uh but it's uh monochrome it's n it's not like {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: Yeah , yeah .Project Manager: No ,Industrial Designer:Yeah .Project Manager: because you think , why not .User Interface: Otherwise you will never find it .Marketing: One colour .Industrial Designer: Yeah.Marketing: Yeah , yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah even we can change colours , no ? Like the uhMarketing: Oh like the phones ,Industrial Designer: like thephones and these things we c yeah .Marketing: yeah , it could change colours , yeah .User Interface: Cool .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: Atleast for children like one colour and {gap} . {vocalsound}User Interface: ChMarketing: Yeah . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Good idea .Marketing: Good.Industrial Designer: And it should be really {gap} small and {gap} .Project Manager: Small also ? Don't you think {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Huh not sobig like {disfmarker} yeah .Project Manager: No uh , not too much buttons or {disfmarker} mm .Industrial Designer: Yeah , not too much buttons and{disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound} Should it be , y you know these uh remote controls where um they are what they call a universal ret remote controlProjectManager: Mm-hmm .Marketing: so y you can decide that now it's the remote control for the television , then it's the remote control for the the sound system , orfor your refrigeratorIndustrial Designer: Uh . Yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Yeah ,Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound} whatever {vocalsound}Project Manager: that's {disfmarker}Marketing: I dunno if it's {disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: Or ifwe should have a targeted re remote control .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound} So colour , robustness , easy to use , size ,Project Manager: So , Ithink there's {disfmarker}Marketing: yeah , size matters , yeah . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Yeah . Colour , {vocalsound} size , shProject Manager: Soyou you think it's better if small than bigger .Industrial Designer: Yeah , maybe at least n not bigger than this I guess . {vocalsound}Marketing: Mm .UserInterface: Yeah , but without any extremes like n not of this size , not too large . Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: No , not too small , yeah.Industrial Designer: Yeah yeah , at least it should hold in your hand n properly , like {gap} .Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Hmm .User Interface: Yeah , likea palm sized .Industrial Designer: Yeah . {vocalsound}User Interface: Just to hold it .Marketing: Mm .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: But uh what would bedifferent from this , from the others ? I dunno if {vocalsound} {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Uh maybe we can change the colours that {disfmarker} at leastthe frame . Mm . S so then it depends {disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah , at least the colour would be different .Industrial Designer: you are to {disfmarker}Project


User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: Okay , almost there .Project Manager: Okay . We'll sta I'll use the PowerPoint , I guess . How was that , was that fun?User Interface: Mm . Very fun .Industrial Designer: Yeah , yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay . Uh oh I've forgotten to mail you the minutes , but I willdo .Industrial Designer: Okay .Marketing: Hmm .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Upsidaisy . {vocalsound} Um {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Um we{disfmarker}Marketing: E excuse me I forgot myProject Manager: Yeah .Marketing: copy . {gap}Project Manager: Alright , okay , yeah .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: He's gonna get his pen .User Interface: Oh right . Okay .Project Manager: Um {vocalsound} Will you guys first with your prototypeum before we get to the good news ?Industrial Designer: Yeah , there's good news ?Project Manager: Uh {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Oh.User Interface: Mm .Project Manager: we have budget problems .Industrial Designer: Oh . Cutbacks .Project Manager: I'm afraid you're all sacked . Oops.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I don't even have this on . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Hmm .Project Manager: {vocalsound}{vocalsound} Okay , have you got a presentation to make ?Industrial Designer: Okay .Marketing: No , not mine yet .Project Manager: No . OkayIndustrialDesigner: Oh .Project Manager: so it's just your your show .Industrial Designer: Um maybe we should bring {gap} so that the camera can see {gap} . Yeah.Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay . Sure .Industrial Designer: Okay .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: We made three for you.Project Manager: Three ? Oh .User Interface: Um one's based on the banana , one's based on the tomatoProject Manager: Tomato ? What tomato ?{vocalsound}User Interface: and the other one is stMarketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I don't recall a tomato .{vocalsound}User Interface: Look . Oh yeah , well yeah , we had v some red left over .Project Manager: Ah I see , okay . {vocalsound}User Interface: So . Okay, so this is the um non to non uh no buttons one , or as mm few buttons as possible ,Project Manager: Mm-hmm .User Interface: mainly speak recognition . Theyellow there is the umProject Manager: Logo .User Interface: the slogan , yeah ,Project Manager: Okay , brilliant .User Interface: that we need to incorporate ,it's very simple . If you do need buttons , you can flip it over , and there's some there ,Project Manager: Okay .User Interface: um but mainly it's speechrecognition .Project Manager: Okay , so the buttons would be like , you know individual users , or {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah .UserInterface: Yeah and {vocalsound} yeah they might project things onto the screen which you can do on there .Project Manager: Alright , okay .User Interface: MmI'm not sure about that . Um and this one is the one w more like the one w that we looked at earlier .Project Manager: Right .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah ,you guys can have a look at that if you want .Project Manager: That's groovy . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {gap}Marketing: Yeah . {vocalsound} Uh can Ihave {gap}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Well I like the feel of it , I like the feel of it .User Interface: Yeah , sure . Um that one is {disfmarker}Marketing: Ohsorry s {vocalsound}User Interface: Oh no , it's delicate .Project Manager: At Oh dear .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface:That's that's already got its stand that one . That's it stand .Project Manager: Alright , okay .User Interface: It does also lie flat , but that's the that yellow standthere represents the the charging stand .Project Manager: Okay , brilliant mm .User Interface: Um the black on the back is the slogan .Project Manager: Okay ,nice and obvious there {vocalsound} ,User Interface: Uh yeah , that {gap} {disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Well , we did think of that.Project Manager: if it's standing up , I guess , yeah .User Interface: Yeah , if it's standing up it's it's on there , but also we're gonna have the company name onthe front , which is the little black kind of line in the middle .Project Manager: Oh right , okay , brilliant . Like that from its centre .User Interface: So um andthat's the um transmit the L_E_D_ thing . These are the s two scroll ones which we thought could be channel up and down and volume up and down . We n wereweren't sure about putting them there , because um i it's it kind of could get bashed .Project Manager: Where you're , yeah , uh were you're holding it kind of{disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah . Well , if you hold it , you can {disfmarker} you all can hold it , is {disfmarker} it does actually feel quite ergonomic ,ProjectManager: Mm-hmm .User Interface: if you've got small hands .Project Manager: Yeah . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Mm .Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Okay .User Interface: {vocalsound} Um , obviously I don't think that's real sized {gap} .Project Manager: Yeah , okay .User Interface: It would have tobe a bit bigger .Project Manager: Yeah , scale model , yeah .User Interface: Okay . Um that's a speaker at the top , so you can speak into it like a littlewalkie-talkie as well for speak recognition .Project Manager: Mm-hmm .User Interface: Um and {vocalsound} um then the buttons . Yeah kind of self-explanatory, just buttons whenever you need them . Tried to keep it simple . Oh that's the charging base prongs at the bottom .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Alright ,excellent .User Interface: {vocalsound} We used those {gap} . And um then the big red button in the middle is the on and off one .Project Manager: Okay .UserInterface: It's not in the traditional place ,Project Manager: No .User Interface: but um it's quite an obvious place .Project Manager: It's out of the way as well , Isuppose , so . Excellent .User Interface: So {vocalsound} there we go and and um we have the banana-based one too .Industrial Designer: Oh yeah , yeah.Project Manager: Yep . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: This one is uh , I suppose for the younger audiences .User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:A a more friendly type of {disfmarker}Project Manager: Okay , {vocalsound} so so Barney the banana {gap} .Industrial Designer: Right , right . It's to uh inducemore television watching I suppose or {disfmarker}Project Manager: Ah excellent , just what we need .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah .IndustrialDesigner: Say it for the camera .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Lo Sort of Loch Ness banana . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Mm-hmm.User Interface: Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: Right , right .Project Manager: Cool {gap} yeah . Well , nice to have uh options at least .Industrial Designer: Yep. {vocalsound}User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: 'Kay and {disfmarker}User Interface: {vocalsound} So are there any um improvements or issues or{disfmarker} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: It won't stand .Project Manager: Oh there are issues , oh there are issues .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Justlet it lie down , it wont stand . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um main problem that we have unfortunately being finance .IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound}User Interface: Oh .Project Manager: Uh , let's just enter in the um evaluation criteria .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Um {vocalsound} unfortunately the unit we are currently going to produce minus the extra scroll buttons , uh it's gonna cost us fourteen point six Euros.Marketing: Mm .User Interface: Oh .Project Manager: So we have toIndustrial Designer: What's on the uh on the left ? {gap}Project Manager: rea Sorry , I'veaccidentally highlighted somehow {disfmarker} Um . {vocalsound} There we go .Industrial Designer: Okay .Project Manager: Oh god , why is it doing that ?UserInterface: Ooh .Project Manager: There we go . {vocalsound} So basically , um in order to save our two Euros um I was thinking that we could have essentiallythe same shape , but just have it flattened .User Interface: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Um .User Interface: More like a traditional remote control .ProjectManager: Yeah , I mean it's already got a kind of cool shape , so but it wouldn't have to be curved sort of in and out .User Interface: Mm-hmm . Mm-hmm.Project Manager: And by doing so {disfmarker} Oh no , hold on . Doesn't save us quite as much . I don't know what's going on with this again .IndustrialDesigner: W why is the uh double curved two of them ?Project Manager: Oh , good point .Marketing: And double curve on both sides ?Project Manager: Um.Marketing: Curve {vocalsound} . Yeah , this is double-curve ,Project Manager: That's {vocalsound} sort of curve in and out .Marketing: no ?Industrial Designer:Is iMarketing: This is double-curve . It {disfmarker} This one is single curve .Industrial Designer: Mm .Marketing: 'Cause this is single curve , this is curved onboth sides . So double-curve .Project Manager: No , I think it means double curved as in umUser Interface: Like an S_ shape .Project Manager: like uh {gap} asingle curve on that bottom half , and the double curved would be if it was that similar curve upward .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: Okay , I might bewrong though .Marketing: Like this , one curve on this side , one curve on that side .Project Manager: I don't think that counts as a curve , I think that's just ashape .Marketing: Hmm . Hmm .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: A curvature is like the {disfmarker} this case .User Interface: Okay.Marketing: Maybe .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} 'Cause that's the uh the biggest expense there , right .User Interface: Okay .Industrial Designer: {gap}got two of them {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah , and why why I've got it two , I don't know , I can't seem to select any more however .Industrial Designer:Okay . Well we can work around that um {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Right . No.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Cut things out . But you think it should be one .Project Manager: It's meant to be one , yeah , I don't know why I put two inthere ,Industrial Designer: Okay .Project Manager: but um {disfmarker} Hold on till I find it , I think this shift button might be stuck again . No maybe the shiftbutton's stuck in .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: Mm .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Um okay , so that would take away three , which would give us{disfmarker}Marketing: Should {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh that's fine .Industrial Designer: Yeah , so we're {disfmarker}{vocalsound}Project Manager: Eleven uh eleven Euros sixty .User Interface: Cool . Cool .Project Manager: Um {vocalsound}User Interface: So we could even addsomething .Project Manager: We cou Oh not quite , have the scroll-wheel , unfortunately .Industrial Designer: We should fire the accountants .Project Manager:What ?Industrial Designer: Fire the accountants . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Ahyeah , we could add things .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Maybe if you click back in that bottom right cell , where you're starting from , and


Professor A: We 're going ? OK . Sh - Close your door on {disfmarker} door on the way out ?Grad B: OK . Thanks .Professor A: Thanks .Grad B: Oh .Professor A:Yeah . Probably wanna get this other door , too . OK . So . Um . {vocalsound} {vocalsound} What are we talking about today ?PhD E: Uh , well , first there areperhaps these uh Meeting Recorder digits that we tested .Professor A: Oh , yeah . That was kind of uh interesting .PhD E: So .Professor A: The {disfmarker} boththe uh {disfmarker} {vocalsound} the SRI System and the othPhD E: Um .Professor A: And for one thing that {disfmarker} that sure shows the {vocalsound}difference between having a lot of uh training data {vocalsound} or not ,PhD E: Of data ? Yeah .Professor A: uh , the uh {disfmarker} {vocalsound} The best kindof number we have on the English uh {disfmarker} on near microphone only is {disfmarker} is uh three or four percent .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: And uhit 's significantly better than that , using fairly simple front - ends {vocalsound} on {disfmarker} {vocalsound} on the uh {disfmarker} {vocalsound} uh , withthe SRI system .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: So I th I think that the uh {disfmarker} But that 's {disfmarker} that 's using uh a {disfmarker} a pretty hugeamount of data , mostly not digits , of course , but {disfmarker} but then again {disfmarker} Well , yeah . In fact , mostly not digits for the actual training the HM Ms whereas uh in this case we 're just using digits for training the H MPhD E: Yeah . Right .Professor A: Did anybody mention about whether the {disfmarker}the SRI system is a {disfmarker} {vocalsound} is {disfmarker} is doing the digits um the wor as a word model or as uh a sub s sub - phone states ?PhD E: Iguess it 's {disfmarker} it 's uh allophone models ,Professor A: Yeah . Probably .PhD E: so , well {disfmarker}Professor A: Huh ?PhD E: Yeah . I think so ,because it 's their very d huge , their huge system .Professor A: Yeah .PhD E: And . But . So . There is one difference {disfmarker} Well , the SRI system{disfmarker} the result for the SRI system that are represented here are with adaptation . So there is {disfmarker} It 's their complete system and {disfmarker}including on - line uh unsupervised adaptation .Professor A: That 's true .PhD E: And if you don't use adaptation , the error rate is around fifty percent worse , Ithink , if I remember .Professor A: OK .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: It 's tha it 's that much , huh ?PhD E: Nnn . It 's {disfmarker} Yeah . It 's quite significant.Professor A: Oh . OK .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: Still .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: But {disfmarker} but uh what {disfmarker} what I think I 'd be interestedto do given that , is that we {disfmarker} we should uh {vocalsound} take {disfmarker} I guess that somebody 's gonna do this , right ? {disfmarker} is to takesome of these tandem things and feed it into the SRI system , right ?PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: Yeah .PhD E: We can do something like that .Professor A: Yeah .Because {disfmarker}PhD E: Yeah . But {disfmarker} But I guess the main point is the data because uh {vocalsound} I am not sure . Our back - end is{disfmarker} is fairly simple but until now , well , the attempts to improve it or {disfmarker} have fail Ah , well , I mean uh what Chuck tried to {disfmarker} to{disfmarker} to doProfessor A: Yeah , but he 's doing it with the same data , right ? I mean so to {disfmarker} {vocalsound} So there 's {disfmarker} there 's{disfmarker} there 's two things being affected .PhD E: Yeah . So it 's {disfmarker} Yeah .Professor A: I mean . One is that {disfmarker} that , you know , there's something simple that 's wrong with the back - end . We 've been playing a number of statesPhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: uh I {disfmarker} I don't know ifhe got to the point of playing with the uh number of Gaussians yetPhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: but {disfmarker} but uh , uh , you know . But , yeah , so farhe hadn't gotten any big improvement ,PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: but that 's all with the same amount of data which is pretty small .PhD E: Yeah .ProfessorA: And um .PhD E: Mmm . So , yeah , we could retrain some of these tandem on {disfmarker} on huge {disfmarker}Professor A: Well , you could do that , but I'm saying even with it not {disfmarker} with that part not retrained , just {disfmarker} just using {disfmarker} having the H M Ms {disfmarker} much better HMPhD E: Ah , yeah . Just {disfmarker} f for the HMM models .Professor A: Yeah .PhD E: Yeah . Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .Professor A: Um . {vocalsound} But justtrain those H M Ms using different features , the features coming from our Aurora stuff .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: So .PhD E: Yeah . But {vocalsound} what wouldbe interesting to see also is what {disfmarker} what {disfmarker} perhaps it 's not related , the amount of data but the um recording conditions . I don't know .Because {vocalsound} it 's probably not a problem of noise , because our features are supposed to be robust to noise .Professor A: Well , yeah .PhD E: It 's not aproblem of channel , because there is um {vocalsound} {vocalsound} normalization with respect to the channel . So {disfmarker}Professor A: I {disfmarker} I{disfmarker} I 'm sorry . What {disfmarker} what is the problem that you 're trying to explain ?PhD E: The {disfmarker} the fact that {disfmarker} the resultwith the tandem and Aurora system are {vocalsound} uh so much worse .Professor A: That the {disfmarker} Oh . So much worse ? Oh .PhD E: Yeah .ProfessorA: I uh but I 'm {disfmarker} I 'm almost certain that it {disfmarker} it {disfmarker} {vocalsound} I mean , that it has to do with the um amount of training data.PhD E: It {disfmarker}Professor A: It {disfmarker} it 's {disfmarker} it 's orders of magnitude off .PhD E: Yeah but {disfmarker} Yeah . Yeah but we train onlyon digits and it 's {disfmarker} it 's a digit task , so . Well .Professor A: But {disfmarker} but having a huge {disfmarker} If {disfmarker} {vocalsound} if youlook at what commercial places do , they use a huge amount of data .PhD E: It {disfmarker} Mm - hmm .Professor A: This is a modest amount of data .PhD E:Alright . Yeah .Professor A: So . {vocalsound} I mean , ordinarily you would say " well , given that you have enough occurrences of the digits , you can just trainwith digits rather than with , you know " {disfmarker}PhD E: Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .Professor A: But the thing is , if you have a huge {disfmarker} in otherwords , do word models {disfmarker} But if you have a huge amount of data then you 're going to have many occurrences of similar uh allophones .PhD E: Right .Mmm .Professor A: And that 's just a huge amount of training for it .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: So it 's {vocalsound} um {disfmarker} {vocalsound} I{disfmarker} I think it has to be that , because , as you say , this is , you know , this is near - microphone ,PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: it 's really prettyclean data .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: Um . Now , some of it could be the fact that uh {disfmarker} let 's see , in the {disfmarker} in these multi - trainthings did we include noisy data in the training ?PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: I mean , that could be hurting us actually , for the clean case .PhD E: Yeah . Well ,actually we see that the clean train for the Aurora proposals are {disfmarker} are better than the multi - train ,Professor A: It is if {disfmarker} Yeah .PhD E:yeah .Professor A: Yeah . Cuz this is clean data , and so that 's not too surprising .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: But um . Uh . So .PhD E: Well , o I guess whatI meant is that well , let 's say if we {disfmarker} if we add enough data to train on the um on the Meeting Recorder digits , I guess we could have better resultsthan this .Professor A: Uh - huh . Mm - hmm .PhD E: And . What I meant is that perhaps we can learn something uh from this , what 's {disfmarker} what 'swrong uh what {disfmarker} what is different between TI - digits and these digits and {disfmarker}Professor A: What kind of numbers are we getting on TI -digits ?PhD E: It 's point eight percent , so .Professor A: Oh . I see .PhD E: Four - Fourier .Professor A: So in the actual TI - digits database we 're getting pointeight percent ,PhD E: Yeah . Yeah .Professor A: and here we 're getting three or four {disfmarker} three , let 's see , three for this ?PhD E: Mm - hmm .ProfessorA: Yeah . Sure , but I mean , um point eight percent is something like double uh or triple what people have gotten who 've worked very hard at doing that .PhD E:Mm - hmm .Professor A: And {disfmarker} and also , as you point out , there 's adaptation in these numbers also . So if you , you know , put the ad adap takethe adaptation off , then it {disfmarker} for the English - Near you get something like two percent .PhD E: Mmm .Professor A: And here you had , you know ,something like three point four . And I could easily see that difference coming from this huge amount of data that it was trained on .PhD E: Mm - hmm .ProfessorA: So it 's {disfmarker}PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: You know , I don't think there 's anything magical here .PhD E: Yeah .Professor A: It 's , you know , weused a simple HTK system with a modest amount of data . And this is a {disfmarker} a , you know , modern {vocalsound} uh system uh has {disfmarker} has alot of nice points to it .PhD E: Yeah . Mm - hmm .Professor A: Um . So . I mean , the HTK is an older HTK , even . So . Yeah it {disfmarker} it 's not thatsurprising .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: But to me it just {disfmarker} it just meant a practical {vocalsound} point that um if we want to {vocalsound}publish results on digits that {disfmarker} that people pay {vocalsound} attention to we probably should uh {disfmarker} Cuz we 've had the problem before thatyou get {disfmarker} show some {vocalsound} nice improvement on something that 's {disfmarker} that 's uh , uh {disfmarker} it seems like too large anumber , and uh {vocalsound} uh people don't necessarily take it so seriously .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: Um . Yeah . Yeah . So the three point four percentfor this uh is {disfmarker} is uh {disfmarker} So why is it {disfmarker} It 's an interesting question though , still . Why is {disfmarker} why is it three point fourpercent for the d the digits recorded in this environment as opposed to {vocalsound} the uh point eight percent for {disfmarker} for {disfmarker} for the originalTI - digits database ? Um .PhD E: Yeah . th that 's {disfmarker} th that 's my pointProfessor A: Given {disfmarker} given the same {disfmarker} Yeah . So ignore{disfmarker} ignoring the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the SRI system for a moment ,PhD E: I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I don't I {disfmarker} Mm - hmm.Professor A: just looking at {vocalsound} the TI - di the uh tandem system , if we 're getting point eight percent , which , yes , it 's high . It 's , you know , it{disfmarker} it 's not awfully high ,PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: but it 's , you know {disfmarker} it 's {disfmarker} it 's high . Um . {vocalsound} Why is it{vocalsound} uh four times as high , or more ?PhD E: Yeah , I guess .Professor A: Right ? I mean , there 's {disfmarker} {vocalsound} even though it 's close -miked there 's still {disfmarker} there really is background noise .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: Um . And {vocalsound} uh I suspect when the TI - digits wererecorded if somebody fumbled or said something wrong or something that they probably made them take it over .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Professor A: It was not