Marketing: {gap}Project Manager: {gap} {vocalsound}Marketing: I dunno . {vocalsound} Throwing away my toothpick .User Interface: Hi there .ProjectManager: Yo . Ow .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} {vocalsound}Marketing: 'Kay .Project Manager: Uh {disfmarker}Marketing: Niceuser interface .Project Manager: Yeah . What the {disfmarker} Uh {disfmarker}Marketing: {gap}Project Manager: Yeah well , ja well let's just start .Marketing:'Kay .Project Manager: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} I've uh made a presentation uh but uh I'll open it on the Smartboard , so we can all see it .Marketing: Rightlet's see it .Project Manager: So it's in the project documents because that's what we can find here . Well {gap} . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: Very nice . Well this is called the the the kick-off meeting . So uh {vocalsound} I'm the Project Manager , so I had to fill it in,Marketing: 'Kay .Project Manager: and uh hmm . {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Oh sorry . {vocalsound} And {gap} an uh a nice agenda . {vocalsound} Uh we'lldo the opening and then uh we'll meet each other , what uh we already do , so , that's not uh very much trouble . I'll I'll show you the the tools we have here , sothat we can all use them . Then uh we'll look at the project plan from uh Real Reaction .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: We'll discuss about our firstideas about the project , and then uh we'll close the meeting , and then we can uh individually uh do our things and then uh we'll get back here . So {vocalsound}this the opening we'll uh {disfmarker} We have to uh design a new television remote control . You have heard that uh already I think , so .Marketing: Mm-hmm.Project Manager: Um we want it to be original , so a nice uh a nice new design . Uh trendy , it's {vocalsound} also for young people , and we have to just uhmake it uh modern . And uh friendly , so size does matter . And uh {disfmarker} Well it has to be a have the the right uh the right buttons on the right place ,that kin those kind of things .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: Other uh {disfmarker} There happen to be uh three stages . {gap} functional ,conceptual , and d detailed design . Um so every time we we'll do some individual work , get meeting , talk about it , uh and then go into the next phase . That'sjust it . {vocalsound} Um {disfmarker} We have uh these two Smartboards . Um well as I just showed , there's a project management folder , a projectdocument folder on the desktop . It just works exactly the same as a computer . You just uh click on the on the folder and you open the everything you you put init with your laptop . So you can uh make uh {vocalsound} Words Excel , everything . Um and the w the r uh the rest uh also works the same so uh when youopen a notepad you uh you just get your uh things , you can uh draw . This is a uh well a drawing board . {gap} you have a {disfmarker} these different uhfunctions on the board . You can see them there . So you have a a nice pen , and it's works just like a bal ball pen . {vocalsound} This is just a {gap} . I want touh {disfmarker} Oh yeah . Of course w {vocalsound} doesn't work any more . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}User Interface:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Maybe you should try to write on the on the big white uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yes I will {disfmarker}IndustrialDesigner: Does it ? Yeah . It works .Project Manager: eraser {gap} so .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} Wonderful .Project Manager: It's fantasfantastic . We can uh uh well you can save a file . So if uh we draw we have to save everything . Don't throw anything away .Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm.Project Manager: Uh just we can start a new one , and we just go on , and don't throw anything away .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Just uh letthem all uh stand here . We can delete , but we don't do that . Um you can here select a pen , you can draw anything you want . It's a bit uh childish you have towrite . It's not as fast as you w you know it , but it does work sometimes .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} {gap} .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Well it's just like a normal uh paint .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: So it's gone .IndustrialDesigner: {vocalsound} Alright , yep .Project Manager: Well we are designers , so we have to have a a more uh a Smartboard . So that's fantastic . Um well thisuh speaks for itself . We going to try it . So um we all uh are going to uh draw a nice animal on this board ,User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Project Manager: not my idea . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Alright , yourfavourite animal ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yes our your favourite . So um I'm to going to have to draw a kangaroo ,Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}Project Manager: but I'm going d I'm not going to . I'm just uh going to uh well draw a nice uh beastMarketing: {vocalsound} Grizzly bear .{vocalsound}Project Manager: w I dunno what I'm going to design .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Oh um {vocalsound} doesn't{disfmarker} oh .Industrial Designer: I hope this was part of the assignment and not uh your uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah , 'kay . Hmm ?IndustrialDesigner: I hope this was part of the assignment and not uh your personal uh enjoyment .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I just said it's not myideaMarketing: Yeah .Project Manager: but I am the Project Manager ,Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: and officially this is my idea .{vocalsound} So {disfmarker} {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: I I I {vocalsound} I understand . Alright .Marketing: We're kindalosing time , though .Project Manager: what ?Marketing: We're losing time , but {disfmarker}Project Manager: Ah {vocalsound} the first the first meeting is justa bit uh loose , loosen up , a bit uh meeting each otherIndustrial Designer: {gap} so start {disfmarker}Marketing: Alright .Project Manager: {gap} well uh uhnice yeah . {vocalsound} ShIndustrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yep yes .Project Manager: I hope our Industrial Designer does this better because uh this is uh{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Don't uh count on it .Project Manager: No {vocalsound} {vocalsound} so a a few legs .Marketing: Do we have to guess ?ProjectManager: {vocalsound} Yes yesMarketing: {vocalsound} A hippo ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: guess . {vocalsound} Well I should make it an hippo now .{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I think it's a mouse or a rat .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah .ProjectManager: {vocalsound} No I don't think so .Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Oh . Oh I know it .Project Manager: Well what is it , huh ?IndustrialDesigner: It's a hedgehog .Marketing: I don't know how to call it .Project Manager: YeahMarketing: A hedgehog ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: {gap} difficultEnglish word . I didn't knew it myself {gap} . {vocalsound}Marketing: {gap} .Industrial Designer: Well I'm amazed uh about your uh drawing skills .{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Our characteristics sum it up . Well it's uh very {vocalsound} uh painfulIndustrial Designer:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {disfmarker} {vocalsound} those kind of thing . So we can uh just uh {disfmarker}Marketing:{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yeah .Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Project Manager: We're going back and now uh our IndustrialDesigner can uh draw its uh most favourite animal .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} I am the Industrial Designer .Marketing: Alright . Thank you.Project Manager: Huh .Industrial Designer: Chief , I am the Industrial Designer .Project Manager: Oh uh but this uh marketing designer .Industrial Designer:Yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} I think {disfmarker} It's pr it resembles {vocalsound} the animal drawn by {gap}.Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} {gap}Marketing: It's {gap} . {vocalsound}Project Manager: what kind of animal is that then ?{vocalsound}Industrial Designer: I think {disfmarker} can I say it ?Marketing: Yeah sure .Project Manager: Uh it {gap} . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: It's a rabbit . {vocalsound} Well {disfmarker} Looks very nice , right ?Project Manager: Yeah .IndustrialDesigner: It looks amazing .Project Manager: No no no . What are you going to do ? {vocalsound}User Interface: We want to erase it . {vocalsound}ProjectManager: No no .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: No no save it and start a new uh {disfmarker} save it and start a new black uh doc {gap} a blankdocument .Industrial Designer: These are very impor {vocalsound}Marketing: Yes .Industrial Designer: These are very important documents , of course , uhthese drawings , uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah well we have to save everythingMarketing: Yes uh right .Project Manager: so now um the next one uh{disfmarker} {gap} and then save it and start an blank document .User Interface: {vocalsound} Thanks .Marketing: You go man .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Yeah . There's also different colours and different uh well pen widths uh the line the the thickness thickness .Marketing: Alright .Project Manager: So um well youshould uh try it but uh {disfmarker}Marketing: I should have made mine a white rabbit . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Well y y y you could have but uh{vocalsound} .Industrial Designer: And he deliberately draws a animal we don't know the English word for .Project Manager: It speaks for itself .Marketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} What the {disfmarker} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: It looks like an uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: uh just aduck . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: It looks like that beast from Sesame Street .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Nice . {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound} {gap} .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Big bird . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Is it a duck ?Marketing: You're standing infront of it ,Industrial Designer: It's it's uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Is it a plane ? {vocalsound}Marketing: I can't see it . Alright , thank you . Yeah it's a bird, but what kind of bird ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: It doesn't draw uh circles uh that easy uh .Industrial Designer: Do we have to uh{disfmarker}Marketing: You have to push harder .Project Manager: Yeah just a bit a bit childish ,User Interface: Mm .Project Manager: a bit {vocalsound}.Industrial Designer: But we have uh {vocalsound} do we have to name the specific species of the bird ?Marketing: Release your anger .User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Uh no I don't .Industrial Designer: No ?User Interface: It'sjust a bird .Project Manager: Well uh save the documentIndustrial Designer: Well wonderful .Project Manager: and then uh {disfmarker}User Interface:


Lynne Neagle AM: Good morning, everyone. Welcome to the Children, Young People and Education Committee. We've received no apologies for absence thismorning. Can I ask if there are any declarations of interest from Members, please? No. Okay. Thank you. Item 3 this morning then is a scrutiny session on earlychildhood education and care, and I'm very pleased to welcome Julie Morgan AM, Deputy Minister for Health and Social Services; Jo-anne Daniels, director ofcommunities and tackling poverty at Welsh Government; and Nicola Edwards, deputy director of the childcare, play and early years division in Welsh Government.Thank you all for your attendance. We’re very much looking forward to the session. If you're happy, we'll go straight into questions, and the first ones are fromHefin David.Hefin David AM: Good morning, Deputy Minister. What are your primary objectives? Is it supporting the development of children or getting parentsinto work?Julie Morgan AM: Well, I think you'll be aware from the range of programmes that we've got that we do feel it’s important to support both children andparents. There's obviously lots of evidence to show how important the early years are for children, how important they are for their development, and so, that isone of our primary objectives. But we also know how important it is for parents to have stable jobs, reasonably paid, so that can also help with the developmentof the children. So, we really see it that our plans are for both parents and children, and we believe that a high-quality, early-childhood education and caresystem can provide that. And, of course, in terms of when we talk about jobs as well, I think it’s really important to remember that the childcare system is a bigemployer as well and a very important employer. So that, actually, itself provides jobs.Hefin David AM: So, the evidence we've seen suggests that, historically,Governments in the UK and devolved have focused on primarily getting parents into work. So, are you suggesting then that your focus is to change that andmove towards early child development?Julie Morgan AM: No, what I'm saying is that we want to give parents the opportunity to work. We don't want childcare tobe a barrier to parents working because we think that working is one the best routes out of poverty, but we do also want to make sure that children have thegreatest experience that they can have in the early years. So, we see it as one.Hefin David AM: Okay. And that's quite a policy challenge to deliver both at thesame time.Julie Morgan AM: The situation as it is is complex, and I think it needs simplifying. It is a challenge, but it’s probably one of the most importantchallenges we've got in Government, because what we offer to families with young children is one of the most important things we do.Hefin David AM: And inyour evidence to the committee, you said that the Welsh Government’s approach 'will build on a wide variety of programmes that are continually developing inorder to support parents, families and children during the early years.' And you've just said you want to simplify that. How do you simplify that, particularly withregard to the provision of funding and the way these things connect from the birth of a child into school? How will simplification look, and what will happen?JulieMorgan AM: Well, we're not at the stage of being able to say what it will look like at the moment, but we're looking at ways of simplifying, because I think it’sabsolutely right, it is a very complex system, because it’s grown up from all different routes. But we are having lots of pilot projects that are looking at ways ofsimplifying the system. We have got pathway projects in, I think it’s eight local authorities, who are looking at ways of joining up the whole system. So, we arelooking at that, and I absolutely except that it is very complex and we want to find ways of making it simpler and easier to understand. So, we are working withlocal authorities and health boards to see how we can actually work together and simplify things.Hefin David AM: And it's good to hear that that's your objective.Can I just come back to the first thing you said: 'We can't say yet what we're going to do'?Julie Morgan AM: No.Hefin David AM: So, when will we have a policyplan and something that we can interrogate in more detail?Julie Morgan AM: Well, I think we are near getting to an announcement where we will be able to saywhat direction we're going in, and because we have had—. Some of this work has been going on for a year or so, and we're getting the results of those pathfinderprojects coming in. So, when we do have all those results, we will be able to say the direction that we want to go in, and I hope we'll be able to do that verysoon.Hefin David AM: Before Christmas?Julie Morgan AM: I hope so.Hefin David AM: Okay. And finally from me—Julie Morgan AM: I'm sorry I can't say too muchabout that because we haven't actually—. We need to—.Hefin David AM: Well, it does sound like something is imminent.Julie Morgan AM: Yes.Hefin David AM:Okay. And that's as far as you're willing to go. And if that's as far as you're willing to go, then I'll stop asking.Lynne Neagle AM: I've got a supplementary fromSiân.Hefin David AM: Okay.Julie Morgan AM: Yes, that's fine.Sian Gwenllian AM: I just want to understand a little about the pilot, the pathfinders in eight localauthority areas. Is the focus there on the child or is it on parents returning to work?Julie Morgan AM: The focus is on an early years system, but we've workedboth locally and nationally. So, it's looking at both. I mean, actually, I think, perhaps, Nicola, would you like to or one of you like to describe one of theprogrammes?Sian Gwenllian AM: And can you just explain the vision? Is it a child-centred early years provision that we're thinking of in thesepathfinder—?Jo-Anne Daniels: So, in 'Prosperity for All', we set out that early years was one of the key priority areas, and within that we said that we wanted tocreate a more joined-up and more responsive system. So, when we talk about a system, we're talking about the services that are provided by health boards, sohealth visiting, midwifery, speech and language support, other kinds of therapeutic services, as well as all the important services that local authorities areproviding, such as support for parenting, advice and guidance, employment support and childcare, obviously. And we've got eight pathfinders. I'll try andremember each of them. So, Flintshire, Newport, Blaenau Gwent, Neath Port Talbot, Swansea, Ceredigion, Pembrokeshire—and then I've missed one, I think,because I've only got to seven—who have been working with us to look at how all of those services are currently delivered in their local area and whether andhow they can reorganise those services to improve accessibility, to improve take-up, but essentially to improve the efficacy of those programmes in terms ofsupporting children, but often, obviously, in supporting children you have to support parents too and support the home.Sian Gwenllian AM: So, would you say it'sa child-centred approach?Jo-Anne Daniels: Absolutely, because it's about making sure that we deliver the best start in life for children in Wales, but obviouslyparents are a critical element of that, so can't be excluded.Lynne Neagle AM: And how long have they been going for?Jo-Anne Daniels: So, those eight pathfindersstarted their work in—I think it was—February this year. And they're still in the very early stages in terms of actually unpicking and mapping the current provisionof services across their areas and then moving on to the stage where they'll develop proposals for how they might change the delivery of early years.LynneNeagle AM: Okay, thank you. Julie.Julie Morgan AM: Just to say also, the one in Flintshire is also testing the impact of consistent funding rates for education andchildcare. So, that's been going longer than the others. So, that's another important area because there's an evaluation of that project under way at themoment.Lynne Neagle AM: Thank you.Jo-Anne Daniels: Sorry, but Caerphilly was the one that I forgot to mention.Lynne Neagle AM: Oh dear. [Laughter.]HefinDavid AM: That's absolutely unforgivable. [Laughter.]Lynne Neagle AM: Hefin. [Laughter.]Julie Morgan AM: Very significant.Hefin David AM: In your report, the'Alignment of the Childcare Offer for Wales to the Foundation Phase', one of the recommendations was that 'The Welsh Government, local authority education andchildcare policy and delivery teams could merge'. So, looking behind the scenes, those disparate parts of policy, delivering the foundation phase and childcareoffer should merge. Is that the case? Has that been put under way and should we be looking at this structure in more depth?Julie Morgan AM: Well, probably notat the structure at this time because the report that you're referring to was looking at the first year of the delivery of the childcare offer and it did make a numberof points, which we have taken on board. For example, we issued guidance last year regarding the delivery of the foundation phase, which supports widening thenumber of non-maintained settings that are able to deliver early education and we're also supporting co-location and partnership working between education andchildcare providers through our capital investment programme. I think it's about £81 million that we put into the capital investment where we aredeveloping childcare facilities co-located with the education facilities, because that was one of the things that came out from this report you're referring to. And, Imean, obviously, early years is one of the key priorities within 'Prosperity for All' and, obviously, education sits within one portfolio with the Minister forEducation, and childcare is with me. But we're doing what we can to work together to try to bring those together, and that was one of the proposals in that report.But it's still very early to think about, at this stage, a structural change.Hefin David AM: And I remember when you were on the committee here with me, sittingnext to me, we had those discussions about co-location. I know the problem with not having co-location is that you could end up seeing a child travelling betweenthree or more locations during the course of a day. Are you suggesting now that the actions you're taking will resolve that issue universally, or will it lead to apiecemeal resolution? And, if so, to what extent, what percentage of children will see that resolved as an issue?Julie Morgan AM: Certainly, the co-location is notgoing to solve it universally because although we've been able to develop a lot of new facilities, or build on old facilities, there will be a lot of areas that we won'thave covered. So, I can't say that there's going to be a situation where everything is going to be co-located because I don't think that would be feasible, and,forsome of the providers, they wouldn't be in a position to move to a school. But ideally it's a good situation, but, certainly, I think the discussions that there wereon the committee, it's not ideal to take children for long distances between different providers, let alone the effect it has on the climate change issue. It's whetherit's good for children as well. So, I can't say that they will ever be co-located, but as I said in response to your earlier question, we are encouraging thedevelopment of the foundation phase in non-maintained settings, which, obviously, is quite significant.Lynne Neagle AM: Okay. Thank you. I've got some


PhD A: Eh , we should be going .Professor B: So ne next week we 'll have , uh , both Birger {pause} and , uh , Mike {disfmarker} Michael {disfmarker} MichaelKleinschmidt and Birger Kollmeier will join us .PhD D: Uh - huh .Professor B: Um , and you 're {disfmarker} {vocalsound} you 're probably gonna go up in acouple {disfmarker} three weeks or so ? When d when are you thinking of going up to , uh , OGI ?PhD D: Yeah , like , uh , not next week but maybe the weekafter .Professor B: OK . Good . So at least we 'll have one meeting with {vocalsound} yo with you still around , and {disfmarker} and {disfmarker}PhD D: Uh -huh .Professor B: That 's good .PhD D: Um , Yeah . Well , {vocalsound} maybe we can start with this . Mmm .Professor B: All today , huh ?PhD D: Yeah.Professor B: Oh .PhD D: Um . Yeah . So there was this conference call this morning , um , and the only topic on the agenda was just to discuss a and to come at{disfmarker} uh , to get a decision about this latency problem .Professor B: No , this {disfmarker} I 'm sorry , this is a conference call between different Aurorapeople or just {disfmarker} ?PhD D: Uh , yeah . It 's the conference call between the Aurora , {vocalsound} uh , group .Professor B: It 's the main conference call. OK .PhD D: Uh , yeah . There were like two hours of {pause} discussions , and then suddenly , {vocalsound} uh , people were tired , I guess , and they decidedon {nonvocalsound} a number , two hundred and twenty , um , included e including everything . Uh , it means that it 's like eighty milliseconds {pause} less thanbefore .Professor B: And what are we sitting at currently ?PhD D: Um .Professor B: Yeah .PhD D: So , currently d uh , we have system that has two hundred andthirty . So , that 's fine .Professor B: Two thirty .PhD D: Yeah . So that 's the system that 's described on the second point of {pause} this {vocalsound}document .Professor B: So it 's {disfmarker} we have to reduce it by ten milliseconds somehow .PhD D: Yeah . But that 's {disfmarker} Yeah . That 's not aproblem , I {disfmarker} I guess .Professor B: OK . W It 's {disfmarker} it 's p d primary {disfmarker} primarily determined by the VAD at this point ,PhD D: Um.Professor B: right ?PhD D: Yeah .Professor B: S so we can make the VAD a little shorter .PhD D: Yeah . At this point , yeah .Professor B: That 's {disfmarker}PhDD: Yeah , uh - huh .Professor B: Yeah . We probably should do that pretty soon so that we don't get used to it being a certain way .PhD D: Uh - huh .Professor B:Yeah .PhD D: Um .Professor B: Was Hari on the {disfmarker} on the phone ?PhD D: Yeah , sure .Professor B: OK .PhD D: Well , it was mainly a discussion{vocalsound} between Hari and {vocalsound} David ,Professor B: Hmm .PhD D: who was like {disfmarker}Professor B: Yeah .PhD D: Uh ,Professor B: OK .PhDD: mmm {disfmarker} Uh , yeah . So , the second thing is the system that we have currently . Oh , yes . We have , like , a system that gives sixty - two percentimprovement , but {vocalsound} if you want to stick to the {disfmarker} {vocalsound} this latency {disfmarker} Well , it has a latency of two thirty , but{vocalsound} if you want also to stick to the number {vocalsound} of features that {disfmarker} limit it to sixty , {vocalsound} then we go a little bit down but it's still sixty - one percent . Uh , and if we drop the tandem network , then we have fifty - seven percent .Professor B: Uh , but th the two th two thirty includes thetandem network ?PhD D: Yeah .Professor B: OK . And i is the tandem network , uh , small enough that it will fit on the terminal size in terms of {disfmarker}?PhD D: Uh , no , I don't think so .Professor B: No .PhD D: No .Professor B: OK .PhD D: It 's still {disfmarker} in terms of computation , if we use , like , their wayof computing the {disfmarker} the maps {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the MIPs , {vocalsound} I think it fits ,Professor B: Mm - hmm . Mm - hmm .PhD D: butit 's , uh , m mainly a problem of memory .Professor B: Right .PhD D: Um , and I don't know how much {pause} this can be discussed or not , because it 's{disfmarker} it could be in ROM , so it 's maybe not that expensive . But {disfmarker}Professor B: Ho - how much memory d ? H how many {disfmarker} ?PhDD: I d I d uh , I {disfmarker} I don't kn remember exactly , but {disfmarker} {vocalsound} Uh . Yeah , I c I {disfmarker} I have to check that .Professor B: Yeah. I 'd like to {pause} see that , cuz maybe I could think a little bit about it , cuz we {vocalsound} maybe we could make it a little smaller or {disfmarker} I mean ,it 'd be {disfmarker} it 'd be neat if we could fit it all .PhD D: Uh - huh .Professor B: Uh , I 'd like to see how far off we are .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor B: But Iguess it 's still within their rules to have {disfmarker} have it on the , uh , t uh , server side . Right ?PhD D: Yeah . Yeah .Professor B: OK .PhD D: Mmm.Professor B: And this is still {disfmarker} ? Uh , well , y you 're saying here . I c I should just let you go on .PhD D: Yeah , there were small tricks to make thistandem network work . Uh , {vocalsound} mmm , and one of the trick was to , {vocalsound} um , use {vocalsound} some kind of hierarchical structure where{pause} the silence probability is not computed by {pause} the final tandem network but by the VAD network . Um , so apparently it looks better when ,{vocalsound} uh , we use the silence probability from the VAD networkProfessor B: Huh .PhD D: and we re - scale the other probabilities by one minus the silenceprobability . Um . So it 's some kind of hierarchical thing , {vocalsound} uh , that Sunil also tried , um , {vocalsound} {vocalsound} on SPINE and apparently ithelps a little bit also . Mmm . And . Yeah , the reason w why {disfmarker} why we did that with the silence probability was that , {vocalsound} um{disfmarker}Professor B: Could {disfmarker} ? Uh , uh , I 'm {disfmarker} I 'm really sorry . Can you repeat what you were saying about the silence probability?PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor B: I only {disfmarker} My mind was some {disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah . So there is the tandem network that e e e estimates thephone probabilitiesProfessor B: Yeah . Yeah .PhD D: and the silence probabilities also .Professor B: Right .PhD D: And {vocalsound} things get better when ,instead of using the silence probability computed by the tandem network , we use the silence probability , uh , given by the VAD network ,Professor B: Oh .PhDD: um ,Professor B: The VAD network is {disfmarker} ?PhD D: Which is smaller , but maybe , um {disfmarker} So we have a network for the VAD which has onehundred hidden units , and the tandem network has five hundred . Um . So it 's smaller but th the silence probability {pause} from this network seems , uh ,better .Professor B: OK .PhD D: Mmm . Uh . Well , it looks strange , but {disfmarker}Professor B: Yeah . But {disfmarker}PhD D: but itProfessor B: OK .PhD D:Maybe it 's {disfmarker} has something to do to {vocalsound} the fact that {vocalsound} we don't have infinite training data and {disfmarker}Professor B: Wedon't ?PhD D: Well ! And so {disfmarker} Well , things are not optimalProfessor B: Yeah .PhD D: and {disfmarker} Mmm {disfmarker}Grad E: Are you{disfmarker} you were going to say why {disfmarker} what made you {disfmarker} wh what led you to do that .PhD D: Yeah . Uh , there was a p {comment}problem that we observed , um , {vocalsound} {vocalsound} that there was {disfmarker} there were , like , many insertions in the {disfmarker} in the system.Professor B: Mm - hmm .PhD D: Mmm .Professor B: Hmm .PhD D: Actually plugging in the tandem network was increasing , I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} Ithink , the number of insertions .Professor B: Mm - hmm .PhD D: And , {vocalsound} um {disfmarker} So it looked strange and then just using the {disfmarker}the other silence probability helps . Mmm . Um {disfmarker} Yeah . The next thing we will do is train this tandem on more data .Professor B: So , you know , in away what it might {disfmarker} i it 's {disfmarker} it 's a little bit like {vocalsound} combining knowledge sources .PhD D: Um {disfmarker}Professor B: Right ?Because {vocalsound} the fact that you have these two nets that are different sizes {pause} means they behave a little differently ,PhD D: Mm - hmm .ProfessorB: they find different {pause} things . And , um , if you have , um {disfmarker} f the distribution that you have from , uh , f speech sounds is w {comment} sortof one source of knowledge .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor B: And this is {disfmarker} and rather than just taking one minus that to get the other , which isessentially what 's happening , you have this other source of knowledge that you 're putting in there . So you make use of both of them {vocalsound} in{disfmarker} in {pause} what you 're ending up with . Maybe it 's better .PhD D: Yeah .Professor B: Anyway , you can probably justify anything if what 's usePhDD: Yeah .Professor B: Yeah .PhD D: And {disfmarker} and the features are different also . I mean , the VAD doesn't use the same features there are .Professor B:Mm - hmm .Grad E: Hmm .Professor B: Oh !PhD D: Um {disfmarker}Professor B: That might be the key , actually .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor B: Cuz you werereally thinking about speech versus nonspeech for that .PhD D: Mm - hmm .Professor B: That 's a good point .PhD D: Mmm . Uh . Well , there are other thingsthat {vocalsound} we should do but , {vocalsound} um , {vocalsound} it requires time and {disfmarker} {vocalsound} We have ideas , like {disfmarker} so ,these things are like hav having a better VAD . Uh , we have some ideas about that . It would {disfmarker} {vocalsound} probably implies working a little bit onfeatures that are more {vocalsound} suited to a voice activity detection .Professor B: Mm - hmm .PhD D: Working on the second stream . Of course we haveideas on this also , but {disfmarker} {vocalsound} w we need to try different things and {disfmarker} Uh , but their noise estimation , um {disfmarker}{vocalsound} uh {disfmarker}Professor B: I mean , back on the second stream , I mean , that 's something we 've talked about for a while . I mean , I think{nonvocalsound} that 's certainly a high hope .PhD D: Yeah . {vocalsound} Mmm .Professor B: Um , so we have this {disfmarker} this default idea about justusing some sort of purely spectral thing ?PhD D: Uh , yeah .Professor B: for a second stream ?PhD D: But , um , we {disfmarker} we did a first try with this , andit {disfmarker} it {vocalsound} clearly hurts .Professor B: But , uh , how was the stream combined ?PhD D: Uh . {vocalsound} It was c it was just combined , um, by the acoustic model . So there was , no neural network for the moment .Professor B: Right . So , I mean , if you just had a second stream that was justspectral and had another neural net and combined there , that {disfmarker} that , uh , {vocalsound} might be good .PhD D: Mm - hmm . Yeah . Mm - hmm . Mm- hmm . Mmm . Yeah . Um {disfmarker} Yeah , and the other thing , that noise estimation and th um , maybe try to train {disfmarker} uh , the training data forthe t tandem network , right now , is like {disfmarker} i is using the noises from the Aurora task and {vocalsound} {vocalsound} I think that people might ,{vocalsound} um , try to argue about that because {vocalsound} then in some cases we have the same noises in {disfmarker} for training the network {pause}


Project Manager: Okay . Everybody found his place again ? Yeah ?Marketing: Yes .Project Manager: That's nice . Okay so this is our second meeting . And uh stillfailing ? {vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Uh now we're going um into the functional design . Um important thing of this phase is that we're goingto uh try to get an agreement about the user requirements , technical function design , and the working design . So that we can move onto the second uh phase .But first this phase . Um first an announcement . There's a little adaptation in the air conditioning system . So {disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: {vocalsound} There's our {vocalsound} ghost mouse again . That that means that you can have a little trouble with , little trouble with the airconditioning , that's because of this uh {disfmarker}User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: It's in wing C_ and E_ .Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: So itshould be over in a in a while , couple of days . But it's going to be cold anyway , so {vocalsound} I don't think you're gonna need it .User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: No .Project Manager: Then our agenda . Now first the opening . Uh this time I will take the minutes . Uh you're going to have apresentation . All of you . Um and we've got forty minutes for the whole uh prese for the whole uh presentations . So uh I suggest we take about seven minutesper presentation , and then we can have a little discussion about the new project requirements uh which have been sent to me . And then the decision on thecontrol functions uh which we wanna include and those which we don't wanna include . So we've got forty minutes for all of it . So I suggest um let's start withthe first presentation .Marketing: Yes .Project Manager: Um who wants to be first ?Marketing: Think I'll go first .Project Manager: Okay . So{disfmarker}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Just maybe it's easier if you um {disfmarker} Yeah I think you will tell {gap} your presentation as well .Just which function you have and what you're gonna talk about . {vocalsound}Marketing: 'Kay . My name is Freek Van Ponnen . I'm the Market Expert . But youalready knew that . Um I've done some research . We have we uh have been doing research in a usability lab where we observed um users operating remotecontrols . Uh we let them fill out a questionnaire . We had one hundred of these uh test subjects . Uh in addition we did some market research . Uh see what themarket consists of . What ages are involved . Well these are three quite astonishing results , I thought . Um remotes are being considered ugly . F uh seventy fivepercent of the um people questioned uh indicated that they thought their remote were was ugly . Um and an additional eighty percent indicated that they wouldspend more money on a fancy-looking remote control . So {disfmarker} Um in addition remotes were not very functional . Fifty percent of the people indicatedthey only loo used about ten percent of the buttons on a remote control . And fifty percent of the people indicated that their remote tended to get lost in theirroom . SoUser Interface: Mm .Marketing: some things . Then we did some research to the most relevant functions . Channel selection and volume selection umboth got a ten on a scale of one to ten for relevancy . The power button got a nine . And teletext got a six and a half . So these are the most most uh importantfunctions on a remote control . Then there are some one-time use function . That's what I like to call them . That uh audio settings , video settings , and channelsettings buttons . Which are not really used very frequently , but are still considered to be of some importance . Um channel selection was also indicated to beused very frequently . One hundred and sixty eight times per hour . Then these are the {disfmarker} This is the market . Um sixty percent of the market consistsof users between the ages sixteen and forty f six . Um {disfmarker} Main characteristic of this group is that they're very critical on the remote control . Um theylike to use new f new functions . But they also are very critical . They won't spend their money very easily . So {disfmarker} Um the users of forty six to sixty fiveyears cons The make up forty percent of the market . They are not really very interested in features . But they do tend to spend their money a lot easier . What Ithink this indicates for our um design . I think we should make a remote for the future . And this means we would um have to focus on the age ages sixteen toforty five . Uh this also makes up most the biggest part of the market , so that will also be where our main profit would be gettable . Um this would mean wewould have to make a fancy design . Um {disfmarker} The results also indicated that um about one quarter of the people questioned thought that the remotecontrol caused R_S_ R_S_I_ . Um this is certainly something to take into account . And thirty four percent thought that it was hard to learn a n how to operate anew control , remote control . So these are two factors that I think should be included in the design . Besides of course that the remote must look very nice . Andthe functionality {disfmarker} As a lot of people indicated , they only use about ten percent of the buttons , I think we should make very few buttons . Uh this willalso be uh beneficial to the design of the remote . Uh I think the most frequently used buttons should be emphasised . Especially the channel selection and audiouh selection buttons . 'Cause they're used most and so they should be robust . They shouldn't break down easily . Um {disfmarker} Then as mo as a lot of peopleindicated that their um remote got lost in the room , it might be and I say might be because it would um certainly boost the uh production costs a lot . But itmight be a good idea to make a docking station . And this would , could get a button in it which would send a signal to the remote which would then beep . Soyou'd know where it is in the room . And in addition to this it could um recharge the batteries in the remote if you put it in . Then um a surprisingly great deal ofpeople w indicated that um an L_C_D_ screen in the remote control would be preferred . This was um mostly people in the age of sixteen to twenty five . But uptill forty five it remains feasible . This would also greatly increase the production costs but I think these are just some small factors we could consider .ProjectManager: Okay .Marketing: That would be all .Project Manager: Thank you . So anybody have um any questions until now ?Marketing: Any questions ?ProjectManager: About functional requirements ?User Interface: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: OkayIndustrial Designer: No .Project Manager: that's clear . {gap} Now tothe second .Marketing: 'Kay . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Uh okay . Um I've been looking at uh the user interface of it . Um f forthe techno f functions uh of of it . Um {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah . Yeah you can take your time .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: We've got uhplenty of time ,User Interface: Mm ?Marketing: YeahProject Manager: so {disfmarker}Marketing: you should go to the top thingy . Slide show .User Interface: Oh.Project Manager: {gap}User Interface: Uh .Project Manager: Yeah . There it is . Yeah .User Interface: Okay .Marketing: Oh yeah .User Interface: Um yeah . Ithink uh we uh must use the general functions uh of the uh remote control . Uh uh I've do I've uh done a little uh research on the internet and {gap} not muchinformation about it , {gap} {disfmarker} Um about uh interface but uh {disfmarker} Uh {disfmarker} Yeah I I've been thinking about a simple manner uh to puta lot of functions uh uh in one um in one uh remote control . Uh so uh you've got a lot of devi uh devices like uh D_V_D_ uh uh television , uh stereo . So um{disfmarker} But uh it must be uh user-friendly . So um uh you c you can't put a a lot of uh functions uh in one uh {disfmarker} Yeah . Uh uh uh {disfmarker}Yeah . In one um remote control .Project Manager: One remote .User Interface: But um {disfmarker} Yeah .Project Manager: {gap}User Interface: Um yeah .Got uh many functions in one uh remote control , um but um yeah you can see , this is uh quite simple uh remote control .Project Manager: {vocalsound}UserInterface: Um few uh buttons but uh {disfmarker} This uh re uh remote control got a a lot of uh buttons . Um uh people uh don't like it , uh so um {disfmarker}Well what uh I was uh thinking about was um uh keep the general functions uh like they are . So uh like uh the on-off uh button . Uh keep it uh yeah l like a redbutton . Uh everybody everybody knows it so uh uh you don't have to change that . Um {disfmarker} My personal uh preferences um . Use a display for uhspecific uh functions of the different uh device . So um {disfmarker} Wh what I was th uh thinking about was um you've got um {disfmarker} Uh this the remotecontrol uh {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} {gap}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: and uh you got here the general functions , uhlike uh the on-off button uh sound uh {vocalsound} I dunno um {disfmarker} And um here you've got a s kind of a display . It's a touchscreen . So um yeah yougot a general f uh f the functions of the device uh for a D_V_D_ player or uh so um the pl yeah um f for uh playing uh reverse uh {gap} . And um you got here uhreal buttons for uh selecting uh a device . So um this button is for a D_V_D_ or {vocalsound} {disfmarker} So um for every um device you've got a uh a f a b apart uh display of a part buttons . So uh you you never got uh all the buttons uh on w one device .Project Manager: Hmm . {vocalsound}User Interface: So uhthat's uh my uh idea about it .Project Manager: 'Kay .User Interface: Um yeah and {disfmarker} Uh let's see . Uh yeah . So a touchscreen . Uh and um th thebuttons uh the real buttons uh we have to use um . We better c um uh use uh quite uh large buttons uh for um yeah . Everybody uh have to use it so{disfmarker} Uh ol even even old people um young people . So uh we must keep uh buttons uh quite s uh simple and quite large . So uh {disfmarker} Um{disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah . Uh yeah . That was uh my uh part of it .Project Manager: Okay .User Interface: So{disfmarker}Project Manager: Anybody has questions about the technical functions ?Industrial Designer: WellProject Manager: {gap}Industrial Designer: I thinkif we are gonna use a touchscreen uh we're gonna go way above the twelve and a half Euros .Project Manager: Yeah .User Interface: N I I don't think so . Uh yougot uh quite a cheap uh touchscreen . S um it's uh not uh in colour or something .Project Manager: Touchscreen .User Interface: Uh it's just uh um one colo Uhyeah . Uh I seen uh w uh something on the internet uh not today but uh a few uh weeks ago . Uh you got uh yeah quite an uh a kind of uh touchscreen um andit's uh {vocalsound} for uh twenty uh Euros or uh less uh .Project Manager: Huh .User Interface: So it's possible .Marketing: Hmm .Project Manager: 'Kay . That'snice . Uh {disfmarker}Marketing: Well it would certainly make a fancy design .User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer: But the{disfmarker} It wouldn't be very robust .Marketing: So {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: It's very fragile and you can get scratches on it .Marketing: That is true


Marketing: Oh right okay . {vocalsound} I cover myself up . {vocalsound}Project Manager: I feel like Madonna with one of these on . I said I feel like Madonnawith one of these on . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: {gap} .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound} I've alwayswanted one of these , I really have . {vocalsound} Where do you buy 'em from ? {vocalsound} They're {gap} .Project Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface:{vocalsound}Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Right . Hello everybody .User Interface: Hello .Project Manager: Back again for another wonderfulmeeting .Industrial Designer: {gap} .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Is uh everyone ready ?User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Almost .{vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay , we c we can hold on for a minute .Marketing: {vocalsound} Oh my gosh . {vocalsound} {gap}{vocalsound}Project Manager: I figured with the spam thing , if you can't beat it , join in . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound}User Interface: That's the kind of spam that everybody likes to receive .Marketing: {vocalsound} {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:Mm 'kay .Project Manager: Are you ready ? Okay , right , well , I take it that you are all ready now .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Um alright first offwe'll just uh recap from our last meeting . Um {vocalsound} which was we got together just to basically decide on {disfmarker} well to talk about what it is thatwe were actually uh supposed to be doing ,Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: and who we all are and stuff like that , mm get bit more of an idea togetherof what's going on . {vocalsound} Um what we are gonna talk about in this meeting is um now that we know what it is that we are doing , now we know that it'sa T_V_ remote and stuff and you guys have just been off doing some some uh R_ and D_ for that , that's research and development for those that haven't heardthat before ,User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Mm-hmm .Project Manager: see I'm learning all sorts of new technologi terms in technology today . Umyeah , we're gonna hear your uh th three little presentations ,Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: whether they be on computer or on the whiteboard orwhatever you want .User Interface: Hmm . {vocalsound} Do you have any preference uh of order ?Project Manager: Um I'd like to um hearMarketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: o I'd like to hear who's g who's on the um from from uh Catherine actually first . I want {disfmarker} what I'd like to hear about isuh if we've finally decided on um what sort of energy we're gonna be using andIndustrial Designer: {vocalsound}Marketing: Batteries .User Interface: I think sheis still finishing her {gap} . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: No no no no , it's fine I'm just preparing .Project Manager: It's just that {disfmarker} yeah , let'slet's hear from you first .Industrial Designer: Okay .User Interface: Hmm .Industrial Designer: Where is that thing ?User Interface: Okay , it's uh {vocalsound}{disfmarker}Marketing: It's here .Industrial Designer: Oh sorry , couldn't see .Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Would that work ?Project Manager:Get yourself in position . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Okay , so that's me again .Marketing: Ah .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Um so umfor the energy sources we can have a basic battery , a hand dynamo which is {disfmarker} which was used uh in the fifties for torches , if you remember thatkind of {disfmarker} which wouldn't be v wouldn't be v vProject Manager: I don't think any of us remember the fifties .User Interface: Is it like a crank thing orsomething {gap} .Industrial Designer: yeah , yeah . It wouldn't be very fancy .Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: You can have a kinetic provision ofenergy , which is used on some watches these days . So if you have just a bit of gentle movement that {disfmarker} it will give it the energy to work .Marketing:Mm .Industrial Designer: Or you can use solar cells , but I'm not sure about that indoors , really , but {disfmarker}User Interface: Well , there's sometimescombinations , I mean , like calculators do combinations of battery with {disfmarker} but also using some solar power .Industrial Designer: Yeah .ProjectManager: Do {gap} sol solar panel things , do they have to work from the sun or can they work from a light bulb ?Marketing: Mm .Project Manager: Doesanybody know ?Industrial Designer: I dunno actually .User Interface: Uh I think , it has to be on the on the solar energy , but I don't know .Industrial Designer: Idunno . Um . Think the the uh what would cost the less would be the basic battery , really .Project Manager: Okay .Industrial Designer: And uh if we wantsomething fancier , I think the kinetic provision of energy could be nice ,Marketing: Mm .Industrial Designer: but I don't know if it's worth the cost . So we've gotto discuss that .Project Manager: Mm . Okay , jolly good .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} For the case of the remotes itself , um they can be a general case ,which is just a flat one . You can have uh a curved one or a double curved one , if you know what I mean , so {disfmarker}Project Manager: What's a doublecurved one ?Industrial Designer: You know , kind of more ergonomic , that kind of suits the palm of your hand , that kind of thing .Project Manager: Okay.Industrial Designer: So {disfmarker} {vocalsound} Um then the case material itself , so it can be uh uh either plastic or latex , uh rubber , wood , or titanium .And th for each of them you have uh cases where {disfmarker} for example titanium , you can't use it for {disfmarker} if you if we're choosing a double curvedcase , we can't choose titanium . And if we are choosing um solar cells then we can't choose latex for the case material , so we just have to take that into account. But if we're choosing just the flat case then we can go for anything . And I think we discussed earlier on the R_ S_ I_ problem thing , so we could uh{disfmarker}Project Manager: So that might be an idea of using the rubber ,Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: but then it should , you know{disfmarker}User Interface: Let's have a squeezable remote . {vocalsound}Project Manager: yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah . And also it doesn't break as easilymaybe ,Project Manager: {gap} when a T_V_ programme's got one {gap}Industrial Designer: I dunno {disfmarker}User Interface: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: watching the match and {gap} your team's just lost , you can fuzz it across the room and it'll bounce off the wall back at you .Industrial Designer:{vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah , I like that idea .Marketing: Mm .Industrial Designer: So rubber would be{disfmarker} Okay .Marketing: I think rubber's {disfmarker}Project Manager: Rubber , we're all we're all going {disfmarker} we're all liking that idea ? You thinkyou can market that ?Marketing: But after my after my fashion thing , I think you'll realise that rubber is more {disfmarker}Project Manager: Ooh , we like rubber, ooh . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Uh s so if dMarketing: People . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: okay . And then there are the push-buttons , so youcan have basic push-buttons or a scroll-wheels , like you have on a mouse , um or you could have um L_C_D_ , which gives you a display . Um scroll buttons , aswell .Project Manager: Uh-huh .Industrial Designer: So if you use a rubber double curved case , you must use rubber push-buttons . So if we're going for rubberthen we have to decide for the case . Um and if we choose double curved then we have to go for rubber push-buttons .Project Manager: Well , we're gonna gowith {gap} I think we've decided that it's gonna be a rubber case so {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: So it's a constraint . Yeah , but is it a double curved one ornot ? {vocalsound} If it's not a double curved , then we've got the choice for the push-buttons , if it's a double curve , we've gotta go for rubber push-buttons . Ifthat makes sense .Project Manager: {gap} push buttons instead of the wheel ?Industrial Designer: Yeah . {gap} .User Interface: If it's rubber , isn't it malleableanyway , {gap} it doesn't matter if it's double {disfmarker} I mean isn't a rubber case , mean it's completely flexed , I mean , it it flexes to whatever they want itto ? Mean so what's the difference between a normal rubber case and a rubble doub double {disfmarker} rubber double curved case ? {vocalsound}ProjectManager: {gap} rubble double double . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: No , but na le you see , you've got , okay , the energy that's one thing ,ProjectManager: I'll have a Big Mac , please . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: then you have the case is uh , whether it's flat or curved . And that's {disfmarker}{vocalsound} we don't care if it's rub rubber or not , but then we've decided that we going for rubber for the case material . So if we've chosen rub rubber and ifnow we have the choice for the case whether it's flat , single curved or double curved . And I'm just saying if it {disfmarker} if we choose it to be double curvedthen we need to go {disfmarker} I dunno why , but we need to go for uh rubber push-buttons . So , either {disfmarker}User Interface: Okay .IndustrialDesigner: I dunno we just need to decide on the on the case .Project Manager: Let's have rubber push buttons , hey .User Interface: Okay . Go rubber . Gorubber the whole way .Industrial Designer: Let's go crazy . {vocalsound} And then , do I have a last slide ? Yes , I do . Um so the push-buttons themselves theycan be just simple or they can be {disfmarker} so that's just the electronics between the but behind the push-buttons .Project Manager: Yeah .IndustrialDesigner: Um and the price that go with it with it , so the simple push-buttons are gonna be the cheapest . Uh if we get a scroll-wheel , that's a higher price range. If we get an advanced chip which is um used for the L_C_D_ , the display thing , then that's even more expensive .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Simple , yeah. Chip on print . It's a bit {gap} . {vocalsound} Okay , uh what I'm not understanding hereIndustrial Designer: Mm .Project Manager: {vocalsound} is uh , okay ,advanced chip on print , which I presume is like one P_C_B_ and that's got all the electronics on one board including the um infra-red sender ?IndustrialDesigner: {gap} . Yeah .Marketing: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: The infra-red . Yeah .Project Manager: Right . Um what a what alternatives do we have tothat ? {vocalsound} Y um {vocalsound} what alternatives do we have to the chip on print ?Industrial Designer: Well , if if it's not chip on print then , I guess , youget different chip components , and you build them separately and doesn't include the infra-red . It's less expensive mm {disfmarker}Project Manager:{vocalsound} so it sounds {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Technically speaking , it's not as advanced , but it does the job , too . {vocalsound}Project Manager:So , why would we not go for that ? If it's something that's inside the the unit . {vocalsound} I it doesn't affects whether the customer's gonna buy it or not.Industrial Designer: Fo It doesn't , yeah , yeah , yeah . Totally . Yeah .Project Manager: Um we wanna go for an i i all {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: So let's


Professor C: Starts {disfmarker} No . No .PhD D: No . That 's a different thing .Professor C: There 's another {disfmarker} I don't know . It starts with a P orsomething . I forget the word for it , but it 's {disfmarker} it 's umPhD D: Oh .Professor C: Typically when you {disfmarker} you 're ab r starting around forty formost people , it starts to harden and then it 's just harder for the lens to shift thingsPhD D: Oh .Professor C: and th the {disfmarker} the symptom is typicallythat you {disfmarker} {vocalsound} you have to hold stuff uh uh further away to {disfmarker} to see it .PhD E: Uh - huh . Yeah .Professor C: In fact , uh m mybrother 's a {pause} gerontological psychologist and he {disfmarker} he uh {vocalsound} came up with an {disfmarker} an uh {disfmarker} a uh body age testwhich uh gets down to sort of only three measurements that are good enough st statistical predictors of all the rest of it . And one of them is {disfmarker} is thedistance {vocalsound} that you have to hold it at .PhD D: Give someone a piece of paper and then they {disfmarker} Oh .PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: Yeah .GradA: We 're {disfmarker} we 're live by the way , so we 've got a good intro hereProfessor C: Oh . Yeah . About how old I am .Grad A: Yep .Professor C: OK .GradA: We can edit that out if you want .PhD D: Oh , that 's optional .Professor C: No , that 's OK .Grad A: OK . So . This time the form discussion should be veryshort ,PhD D: You know .PhD E: Mm - hmm .Grad A: right ?Professor C: It also should be {pause} later .Grad A: OK .Professor C: Because Jane uh is not here yet.Grad A: Good point .Professor C: And uh she 'll be most interested in that . Uh , she 's probably least involved in the signal - processing stuff so maybe we canjust {disfmarker} just uh , I don't think we should go though an elaborate thing , but um uh Jose and I were just talking about {vocalsound} the uh{nonvocalsound} uh , speech e energy thing ,PhD E: The @ @ {disfmarker}Professor C: and I uh {disfmarker}PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: We didn't talk about thederivatives . But I think , you know , the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} i if I can {disfmarker} if you don't mind my {disfmarker} my speaking for you for a bit ,um {vocalsound} Uh . Right now , that he 's not really showing any kind of uh distinction , but uh {disfmarker} but we discussed a couple of the possible thingsthat uh he can look at . Um . And uh one is that uh this is all in log energy and log energy is basically compressing the distances {vocalsound} uh {pause}between things . Um {pause} Another is that he needs to play with the {disfmarker} the different uh {pause} uh temporal sizes . He was {disfmarker} he{disfmarker} he was taking everything over two hundred milliseconds uh , and uh he 's going to vary that number and also look at moving windows , as wediscussed before . Um And uh {disfmarker} and the other thing is that the {disfmarker} yeah doing the {disfmarker} {vocalsound} subtracting off the mean andthe variance in the {disfmarker} {pause} uh and dividing it by the {pause} standard deviation in the log domain , {vocalsound} may not be {pause} the rightthing to do .Grad A: Hi Jane !PhD E: Hi .Grad A: We just started .PhD E: Yeah .Grad A: Could you take that mike there ?PhD D: Are these the long term means ?Like , over the whole {disfmarker} I mean , the means of {pause} what ?Grad A: Thanks .Professor C: Uh B Between {disfmarker} between {disfmarker}PhD D:All the frames in the conversation ?Professor C: No .PhD D: Or of things that {disfmarker}Professor C: Between {disfmarker} Neither . It 's uh between thepauses {pause} uh for some segment .PhD E: No .PhD D: Oh .Professor C: And so i i his {disfmarker} his {disfmarker} He 's making the constraint it has to be atleast two hundred milliseconds .PhD D: Oh .Professor C: And so you take that . And then he 's {disfmarker} he 's uh measuring at the frame level {disfmarker}still at the frame level , of what {disfmarker}PhD D: Right .Professor C: and then {disfmarker} and then just uh normalizing with that larger amount . um and{disfmarker} But one thing he was pointing out is when he {disfmarker} he looked at a bunch of examples in log domain , it is actually pretty hard to see{vocalsound} the change . And you can sort of {pause} see that , because of j of just putting it on the board that {vocalsound} if you sort of have log - X plus log- X , that 's the log of X plus the log of twoPhD E: Yep .PhD D: Yeah , maybe it 's not log distributed .PhD E: Mmm . Yeah .Professor C: and it 's just , {pause} youknow , it {disfmarker} it diminishes the {pause} effect of having two of them .PhD E: Professor C: Um .PhD D: But you could do like a C D F there instead ? Imean , we don't know that the distribution here is normally .Professor C: Yes , right . So {disfmarker} So what I was suggesting to him is that {disfmarker}PhDD: So just some kind of a simple {disfmarker}Professor C: Actually , a PDF . But , you know , uh But , either way .PhD D: PDFProfessor C: Yeah . Yeah , eith eithuh {vocalsound} BPhD D: Yeah .PhD E: Yeah .PhD D: Something like that where it 's sort of data driven .Professor C: Yeah , but I think {pause} also u I think agood first indicator is when the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the researcher looks at {vocalsound} examples of the data and can not see a change {pause} inhow big the {disfmarker} the signal is , {vocalsound} when the two speaker {disfmarker}PhD E: Yeah . Yeah .Professor C: Then , that 's a problem right there .So . I think you should at least be able ,PhD D: Oh yeah .Professor C: doing casual looking and can get the sense , " Hey , there 's something there . " and thenyou can play around with the measures . And when he 's looking in the log domain he 's not really seeing it .PhD D: Oh yeah .PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: So . Andwhen he 's looking in straight energy he is , so that 's a good place to start .PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: Um . So that was {disfmarker} that was the discussion wejust had . Um . {vocalsound} The other thing Actually we ca had a question for Adam in this . Uh , when you did the {vocalsound} sampling ? uh {pause} overthe {pause} speech segments or s or sampling over the {disfmarker} the individual channels in order to do the e uh the {pause} amplitude equalization ,{vocalsound} did you do it over just the entire {disfmarker} everything in the mike channels ?PhD E: How {disfmarker}Professor C: You didn't try to find speech?Grad A: No , I just took over the entire s uh entire channel um {pause} sampled ten minutes randomly .Professor C: Right , OK . So then that means thatsomeone who didn't speak {pause} very much {vocalsound} would be largely represented by silence .Grad A: Yep .Professor C: And someone who would{disfmarker} who would be {disfmarker} So the normalization factor probably is {pause} i i i {pause} is {disfmarker} is {disfmarker}Grad A: Yeah , this wasquite quick and dirty , and it was just for {pause} listening .PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: Yeah .Grad A: And for listening it seems to work really well .Professor C:OK .PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: Yeah .PhD E: Yeah .Grad A: So .Professor C: Yeah . But that 's {disfmarker}Grad A: But , it 's not {disfmarker} Not a goodmeasure .Professor C: Right . So thPhD E: Yeah .Professor C: OK . So yeah there {disfmarker} there {disfmarker} there {disfmarker} There 's a good chancethen given that different people do talk different amounts {pause} that there is {disfmarker} there {disfmarker} there is still a lot more to be gained from gainnorm normalization with some sortPhD E: Yeah . Yeah . Mmm .Grad A: Yes , absolutely .Professor C: if {disfmarker} if we can figure out a way to do it .PhD E:Yeah .Professor C: Uh . But we were agreed that in addition to that {comment} uh there should be {pause} s stuff related to pitch and harmonics and so forth.PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: So we didn't talk at all about uh the other derivatives , but uh again just {disfmarker} just looking at {disfmarker} Uh , I think uh Lizhas a very good point , that in fact it would be much more graphic just to show {disfmarker} Well , actually , you do have some distributions here , uh for thesecases .PhD E: Yeah . Yeah .Professor C: You have some histograms , um {pause} and {pause} uh , they don't look very separate .PhD E: Yeah .Professor C: uh{vocalsound} {pause} separated .PhD E: This is the {disfmarker} the first derivate of log of frame energy uh without any kind of normalization .PhD D: What{disfmarker}Professor C: Yeah . Yeah . Yeah .PhD D: Log energy . Sorry .PhD E: These the These are the {disfmarker} the first experiments uh with commentuhPhD D: Frame energy .Grad A: Except that {pause} it 's hard to judge this because the {disfmarker} they 're not normalized . It 's just number of frames .PhDD: Yeah .Professor C: Yeah .PhD D: Yeah .PhD E: Yeah .Grad A: But yeah , even so .PhD D: W {vocalsound} I mean , what I meant is , even if you use linear ,{pause} you know , raw {pause} measures , like {pause} raw energy or whatever ,Professor C: " Number " {disfmarker}PhD D: maybe we shouldn't make anyassumptions about the distribution 's shape , and just use {disfmarker} you know , use the distribution to model the {disfmarker} {vocalsound} {pause} themean , or what y you know , rather than the mean take some {disfmarker}Professor C: Yeah . But {disfmarker} And so in {disfmarker} in these he 's got that.PhD D: Yeah .Professor C: He 's got some pictures . But he doesn't {disfmarker} he doesn't in the {disfmarker} he iPhD E: Yeah .Professor C: just in derivatives, but not in the {disfmarker}PhD D: Yeah . Oh .Professor C: but he d but he doesn't {disfmarker} doesn't {disfmarker}PhD D: Right . So , we don't {pause}know what they look like {pause} on the , {pause} tsk {disfmarker} {comment} For the raw .Professor C: But he didn't h have it for the energy . He had it forthe derivatives . Yeah .PhD D: Yeah . So . I mean , there might be something there . I don't know .Professor C: Yeah .PhD D: Huh .Grad A: InterestingPhD E:Here I {disfmarker} IProfessor C: Oh that {disfmarker} yeah that 's a good qPhD E: in {disfmarker} No I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I haven't theresultProfessor C: did {disfmarker} did you have this sort of thing , for just the {disfmarker} just the l r uh the {disfmarker} the unnormalized log energy ? OK .Yeah . So she {disfmarker} she 's right .PhD E: but it 's the {disfmarker} it 's the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the following .Professor C: That 's a{disfmarker}PhD D: Well it might be just good to know what it looks like .Professor C: Yeah . That 's {disfmarker} That 's uh {pause} cuz I 'd mentioned scatterplots before but she 's right ,PhD D: Cuz {disfmarker}PhD E: Huh ?Professor C: I mean , even before you get the scatter plots , just looking at a single feature{vocalsound} uh , looking at the distribution , is a good thing to do .PhD E: Yeah . Catal - uh {disfmarker} Combining the different possibilities of uh theparameters . I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I {disfmarker} I mean the {disfmarker} the {disfmarker} the scatter plot {pause} combining eh different {pause} ntwo combination .Professor C: Yeah , but {disfmarker} but what she 's saying {pause} is , which is right , is {pause} lePhD E: combination of two , {pause} ofenergy and derivate {disfmarker}Professor C: I mean , let 's start with the {disfmarker} Before we get complicated , let 's start with the most basic wh thing ,


Marketing: It's Play-Doh .Project Manager: Play-Doh's edible . Did you know that ? It's definitely {disfmarker}Marketing: Because kids {disfmarker} yeah.Industrial Designer: I used to eat it .User Interface: I've , I've definitely eaten it before . I didn't know was edible . {vocalsound} {gap} .Project Manager: Yeah .It's it's chew proof . {vocalsound}Marketing: But um , it's it's made edible 'cause , yeah . It's made edible 'cause kids eat it ,Project Manager: Yeah .Marketing:and if it's wasn't edible then {disfmarker} Well , normal babies . {vocalsound}User Interface: Actually that makes sense , because I remember like , peopl Idunno if my Mom ever did it but I remember other people's Moms making like home-made Play-Doh where you just like make the {gap} colouring and makesome sort of sort of dough .Project Manager: Yeah .Marketing: Oh yeah it is , yeah . Oh yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Right .User Interface: Mm-hmm.Project Manager: Everybody everybody ready ?Industrial Designer: Yep .User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: Okay , let's have your um {disfmarker} let's get{gap} have the uh presentation ?Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: We've got some {gap} .Industrial Designer: We've got a cool prototype .UserInterface: Yeah , it's pretty exciting . So , everything uh that we wanted we wanted it to be ergonomic and to be made out of rubber , very simple and easy to use,Industrial Designer: Double curved .Project Manager: Nice .User Interface: yeah , double curved ,Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: um but also somethingthat was gonna jump out at people , something that would be different uh , separate it from the other remotes out on the market . So uh I think if you put this inthe palm of your hand , you'll see what a nice thing we have going here .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: That is cool .User Interface: So , basically , ifyou hold it like that , the one on your thumb , yeah , {vocalsound} the thumb button is the power button .Project Manager: Mm-hmm . Mm-hmm .User Interface:Your index finger is channel up , middle finger is channel down , ring finger is volume up , your pinkie is volume down .Marketing: What's the big blue thing ?UserInterface: That's the lock button , has a L_ L_ on itMarketing: Oh cool .User Interface: and then the M_ is a mute button . And then it also has digitProjectManager: {gap} what button ? Um . Oh mute .User Interface: For muting the uh {disfmarker}Marketing: And mute .User Interface: Um and then then you canalso {disfmarker} there's a numeric keypad on the top so you can key directly to the to the channel if you want .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Okay.User Interface: So it's really basic functionalities as far as what keys are available , but we think it's very comfortable and very innovative and it looks different.Project Manager: That certainly does .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: So all the , I mean the important keys are right at your f f you know right at uh ata convenient place for you to to access them .Project Manager: Mm .Industrial Designer: Which is ant anti-R_S_I_ .User Interface: So you don't you {disfmarker}Yeah . It should be .Project Manager: Mm .User Interface: And it's also conformable to the size of your hand . I mean if that's too big , it's a rubber remote , soyou can , you knowProject Manager: Yeah . 'S great .User Interface: change that . So d does that uh what {disfmarker} mesh with what you guys were hopingand for and expecting or does it {disfmarker}Marketing: Oh it's so cute .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: I have one thing about it , but it's asmall thing , but it'd mean we'd have to make a right-handed one and a left-handed one .Industrial Designer: Oh right , yeah .User Interface: Ah , that's goodthinking , yeah .Project Manager: But , that's I don't see why that's not possible .User Interface: Yeah , if we build rocket ships why can't we build left-handedand right-handed uh remotes .Project Manager: Yeah . {gap} They make left-handed scissors , you know . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah , Ididn't I didn't think about that , but I'd {disfmarker} yeah , {gap} .Marketing: Yeah , but then but then you can learn to use your right h like I was just thinking ifthere's left-handers and right-handers in the family , what , they have two remotes ?Project Manager: Yes sIndustrial Designer: Yeah , I know I know people whohave left-handed and right-handed people in the family and they all use the computer {vocalsound} for the whole {disfmarker} the same computer the fes familyand they have a mouse , and everybody is using right-handed mouse .Project Manager: Mm . Sure . Sure .Marketing: Yeah , I'm sure they'll be able to{disfmarker}User Interface: Uh-huh .Marketing: I mean it's only pressing buttons , you don't have to do anything , you know , extraordinary . I think everybodycan press a button with their left and right hand so {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Imagine d are you right handed ?Project Manager:Yeah .Industrial Designer: Imagine you're doing it with your left hand , I don't think it's too {disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah , it's not {disfmarker}IndustrialDesigner: But we can have both uh {disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah . Have them in stock .Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: Make 'emmore appealing as well .Project Manager: But um other than that , I mean uh and that's um , you know , that's just something , I think I think it's great , yeah ,great idea .User Interface: Do you think it says {vocalsound} R_R_ ?Industrial Designer: {gap} I think it does . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: I think it's , well , if the R_R_ motto is , we bring fashion to to electronics , I'd say that could be quite fashionable .User Interface: Fashion to electronics. Yeah .Industrial Designer: Yeah .User Interface: Yeah . And it's got the b the black and yellow and blue .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah .User Interface:Plus red , which is sort of a a fruit and vegetable uh uh .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah .Marketing: {gap} . {vocalsound} {vocalsound}Industrial Designer:{vocalsound} There you go .User Interface: So that's that's {vocalsound} our end of things wha uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah , very good , yeah .UserInterface: That's {disfmarker}Project Manager: It's come up with what we've you know , the things that's what we've {disfmarker} what we were looking atdoing , hasn't it , {gap} all seems to be there .User Interface: Yeah .Project Manager: Well done .Marketing: And all the playing around is uh {disfmarker}ProjectManager: Um before we move on {disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah , I'm just {disfmarker} do you wanna plug in ?Project Manager: I need that cable .Marketing:Okay .Project Manager: Thank you . Yeah . Um . One thing I do need to do {disfmarker} we need to look at , is the costs .User Interface: The costs , was thatwhat you said ?Industrial Designer: Play-Doh is very cheap . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Well , yeah . {vocalsound}User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing:Mm .Project Manager: {gap} um {disfmarker}Marketing: Play-Doh won't last very long everybody'll go like , oops , it's gone . {vocalsound} {vocalsound}UserInterface: But it's edible .Marketing: Mm-hmm . Mm-hmm .Industrial Designer: Chew proof .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: Well , they'll buy more ofthem if you eat them , {gap} .User Interface: That was the main criteria from the last meeting , it had to be chew proof .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Yeah . Uh right . {vocalsound} Okay , now I think we'll do this {disfmarker} I could do {disfmarker} you know , I can do this o on my own or I could doit with you ,Marketing: Yeah .Industrial Designer: Oh ho-ho .Project Manager: but it's just easy enough to go through it with you , so we're going for the kineticpower .Industrial Designer: Yep .Project Manager: {vocalsound} And the electronics , we decided on it being just a simple , the easiest thing that's inside it . Ooh.Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}Project Manager: So {disfmarker} the case , we've gone for the double curved . Um and it's made out of rubber .{vocalsound} The interface is push-buttons . And button supplements well they're in diff special colours , aren't they ?Marketing: Yeah .Project Manager: So{gap} special colours .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: It's better for {disfmarker}Project Manager: Special form , yeah , they're a special form there in shapesand stuff .User Interface: Yeah , I mean , {vocalsound} these these ones on the side are curved kind of , so {disfmarker}Marketing: And special material .ProjectManager: Yep . Yeah . Um . Are they made out of any special material ?Industrial Designer: Rubber .Project Manager: No they're not . They're not made out ofwood or titanium or rubber or anything , they're just simple {disfmarker}User Interface: The buttons are rubber .Marketing: Well they're rubber , aren't they?Project Manager: Okay . Right .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Project Manager: So let's see if that comes within budget . And it does . That is gonna cost uh{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: {gap} .Marketing: We're under budget .Project Manager: Yeah . That's gonna cost ten ten Euro seventy cents a unit to make .And our target was it had to come in at under twelve fifty .User Interface: That's cool . Yeah . Yeah .Project Manager: So ,User Interface: And we're actua actuallymaking a better profit than we expected .Project Manager: this is all very very good . The bosses will be very pleased .User Interface: {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Okay , let's just save this so I can e-mail it to you . Uh .Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Save it in {gap} save it in the uh{vocalsound} my documents .Marketing: It's already saved , I think .Project Manager: Splendid . Okay . So uh , that's {gap} done with this with this um doodah ,so you're {gap} . Gonna do {disfmarker} what you were gonna do ,Marketing: Thank you . Mm .Project Manager: your evaluation .Marketing: Oh , yeah . This iswhere we all get to {vocalsound} I get to write on the , oops , on the board . Right .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Marketing: Oh . 'S function{disfmarker}Project Manager: F_ eight .Marketing: Okay .Project Manager: {gap} I love the smell of that Play-Doh .User Interface: {vocalsound} Yeah ,ProjectManager: {vocalsound} I cou {gap} . {vocalsound}Marketing: Mm .User Interface: have some have some .Marketing: Okay . So , {vocalsound} evaluation .We're gonna do it all together so we evaluate each criteria . I've got the criterias . And we have to do it on a scale of one to seven , one being true , so it's it'smore like it's {disfmarker} fits the criteria , and seven being as in it doesn't fit the criteria . And the criterias are , and I'll draw this up on the board {disfmarker}{vocalsound} so we have a box {disfmarker} {gap} . And this is false , this is just like to keep you informed . So seven's here and one's here and then you've gotin the middle . {vocalsound} So the first criteria . Do you all get what we're doing ?Industrial Designer: Mm-hmm .User Interface: Mm-hmm .Marketing: Okay ,cool . Okay , first criteria , look and feel . So the does remote look and feel fashionable to what we talked about ? As it {disfmarker} is it colour-wise and is itspongy ?User Interface: Mm .Marketing: So what mark should we give for that ?Project Manager: I would give it a seven .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: As in


Industrial Designer: {gap} .User Interface: Hello {vocalsound} . 'Kay .Project Manager: You all saw the newsflash ?Industrial Designer: It's {disfmarker}ProjectManager: Or you got the same message ?Marketing: Yeah I I just saw it one minute ago .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah sorry .Industrial Designer: I don'tknow .Marketing: When I uh {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: I didn't see it yet I think .User Interface: Newsflash ? D did I miss something ?Marketing:{vocalsound} Yeah .Project Manager: Yeah . Yeah I received an email so I thought I I can't mail you so I thought I'd just drop it in the folder , but{disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah pretty much .Industrial Designer: Hey what's wrong with my computer ?User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: Is it unlocked ?UserInterface: No .Industrial Designer: {gap} .Marketing: Mm . Yeah that's my presentation . {vocalsound}Project Manager: Woah . I uh kind of opened it {gap}.User Interface: Mm .Industrial Designer: Huh ?Marketing: Mm ?Project Manager: Uh {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: What the {disfmarker}Marketing: Oh right.User Interface: I think you have to uh change your desktop uhProject Manager: Okay .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: size .Marketing: Ooh .{vocalsound}Project Manager: 'Kay . Everybody ready ?Industrial Designer: Not really .Marketing: Well {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Sorry .Project Manager:No no no . Yes yes yes .User Interface: {gap} computer is uh not functioning ?Marketing: Alright .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Okay .Industrial Designer:Okay . Where do I find this ? I'm not so g display huh ?User Interface: Uh display .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: And then uh settings ?IndustrialDesigner: Appearance ?Marketing: Huh .User Interface: Mm I'm not sure I {gap} .Marketing: {vocalsound} You read the newsflash ? {vocalsound}ProjectManager: 'Kay . Can we get startedUser Interface: No .Industrial Designer: No what was it about ?Marketing: Hmm .Project Manager: or is there some pressingissue ?Industrial Designer: Yeah my computer is not functioning properly .Project Manager: Oh no pressing .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing:{vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Did you plug in the power cable when you come back ?Industrial Designer: Yeah yeah . No but my screen is reducedin size . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah . That's difficult . Yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound}Marketing: What ? {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: Yeah .Project Manager: {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: Feedback .Marketing: Hmm .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: {vocalsound}IndustrialDesigner: Okay .Marketing: {gap} alt delete . {vocalsound}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Yeah .User Interface: {vocalsound} Format . {vocalsound}ProjectManager: Format save .Marketing: {gap} . So it doesn't draw the attention away .Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer: This is dreadful .User Interface: Imade uh uh my own map .Project Manager: Oh yeah sure .Industrial Designer: No not this , but the task .User Interface: It's a {disfmarker}Project Manager: Youhave Playstation also ?User Interface: Yeah .Industrial Designer: {vocalsound} Yeah . {vocalsound} No that's okay . No I just flapped it , closed it , took it hereand then this happened . Ah . Uh {disfmarker} where was it ? In settings ? Okay . Alright . Thank you .Project Manager: Huh .Industrial Designer: Do you guyslike your tasks ?User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: Yeah . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: I spent a lot of time thinking about what I was gonna do and then acouple of minutes before this I get my function you know the information that I need .User Interface: Yeah wa wa you actually {disfmarker} Yeah . But it it's notclear what you have to to to type uh type in your presentation .Industrial Designer: So frustrating .Marketing: Yeah .Industrial Designer: So{disfmarker}Marketing: Yeah . I I had a whole idea and then just was typing it and then oh . I have to do that so switch .Industrial Designer: Yeah {disfmarker}Yeah exactly . This presentation is mainly based on my own ideas 'cause I hadn't time to intergrate tha the information yet so {disfmarker}User Interface: Yeah.Marketing: Mm .Industrial Designer: Really annoying .Project Manager: Okay . So there we are again .Marketing: By your humble P_M_ .Project Manager: Yeah.Marketing: {vocalsound}Project Manager: Okay this is the agenda . Um we have three presentations , I heard .Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Really .{vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah really . {vocalsound} So who wants to start ?Marketing: Yeah that's fine {gap} .Industrial Designer: Yeah .Marketing: Wehave to start it right away ? {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah . Uh this is you ?Marketing: Functional ? Yeah functional requirements .Project Manager: 'Kay.Marketing: Alright . I'm gonna talk about functional requirements . Um {disfmarker} Well uh some research has be done uh has been done . Uh observing of onehundred uh subjects in the usability lab using a remote control . Uh and they also filled in a questionnaire . The findings were um , well you can see them foryourself . They disliked the look-and-feel of current remotes controls . {vocalsound} Users think they're ugly . Um {vocalsound} they do not match the theoperating behaviour of the users . So they they d they don't match what they want to have on it . Um {vocalsound} they are often lost somewhere in the room .Um it takes too much time to learn how to use a new remote control . And they're bad for R_S_I_ . {vocalsound} I don't know uh how a user can reach that butokay . Um {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: TsMarketing: there is also uh was also some research on uh the most relevant and and and irrelevant uh f functions .Uh most irrelevant and less used were audio settings , mono , stereo , uh pitch , bass . Um screen settings for brightness and colour and stuff like that . Um butthey are used . I mean the {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: So they do need to be in the {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah .Marketing: Yeah they do need tobe on the on the remote control .Industrial Designer: Alright .Marketing: I mean if you can't control the the sound settings {disfmarker} I mean if you dislike avery uh loud bass or something , you you need to change that .Project Manager: {vocalsound} {gap} often .Marketing: So um yeah we have to .IndustrialDesigner: By the way my T_V_ doesn't have an equ equaliser butMarketing: We c we c Yeah I mean w we can't {disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound} Nextgeneration does . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {disfmarker} okay .Marketing: my my T_V_ has ,Industrial Designer: No . {vocalsound} Alright .Marketing:but we we can leave them uh away . Uh most relevant , uh most used functions , uh they speak for themselves I guess . Uh power button , uh channel , volumeselection . Uh teletext but we can skip that because I saw the newsflash , and teletext is so outdated that it it's i should not be used uh any more in the future.Project Manager: N not used anymore .Marketing: So forget this one .User Interface: Okay .Marketing: Uh channel settings , so for programming uh yourchannels in in the right order .Project Manager: Yeah .Industrial Designer: By the way where did you guys get that newsflash from ?User Interface: Yeah .{vocalsound} I was wondering uh {disfmarker}Industrial Designer: I didn't get anything .Marketing: Yeah , {vocalsound} on on the project uh{disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah . Not by mail . I receiv the mail but you don't . So {disfmarker}User Interface: But you you've got more information than{disfmarker} uh .Marketing: No so it's a text file n in the project folder . So teletext can be skipped .Project Manager: That's in the presentation , so{disfmarker}Industrial Designer: Alright .Marketing: Um there was some research on new features in a remote control . Uh about an L_C_D_ screen uh andspeech recognition . Well we got an update for the for the audience . Or the the the targeted group . So it's above forty I guess .Project Manager: Uh below Ibelieve .Marketing: The new product ? Or below {vocalsound}Project Manager: Yeah below forty .Marketing: because that's pretty relevant .Project Manager:Mm-hmm .Marketing: I thought I read a {disfmarker}Project Manager: Our current customers are in the age group forty plus .Marketing: Yeah ?Project Manager:And the new product should reach new markets , which is the customers below forty .Marketing: Below ? Okay well {vocalsound}User Interface: But where didyou get uh that information ?Project Manager: That's in a newsflash .Marketing: that's that's in the newsflaProject Manager: {vocalsound}User Interface: Okay .{vocalsound}Marketing: okay that's a good to know . Um because you see see a clear distinction between the age groups , concerning the features .UserInterface: Yeah .Marketing: I mean uh above forty people are not so interested uh not so interested in a screen or speech recognition . Uh but below that agethey uh they pretty much are . So I think we can build that in . Um {disfmarker} Yeah well we can skip this part as well , because I thought I read above forty sowe could skip the features , but we just have to build them in because uh they find it very interesting . Um well we have to keep all the classic functions but makethe buttons as user-friendly as possible . Um and and also there's {disfmarker} so not only the design of the bus uh buttons but o how you can push them , andstuff like that . So the physical uh aspect of it . Um {disfmarker} And I think {disfmarker} and certainly for for the for the lower age groups , uh nice design ,which uh does not make the remote control {gap} in your room .User Interface: Yeah .Marketing: It's it's actually a part of your interior , of of your design in yourroom . So it's {vocalsound} the people can say , well what's that , well that's my remote control , so it's d it has to look nice and feel nice , and and have all thefunctions that uh {disfmarker}Project Manager: Yeah . But it also needs to have corporate identity .Marketing: Yeah so the the logo has to beProject Manager:Present and the colours .Marketing: uh present yeah , and the colours as well .Project Manager: {vocalsound} So we can't change much of that .IndustrialDesigner: Do we have {disfmarker} uh yeah {gap} .Marketing: Yeah so but I I don't think that's that's a problem because the thing has to have a colour anyway, and most of the times there is a brand present on it .Project Manager: Mm-hmm . Mm-hmm . Yeah . Yeah .Marketing: So I think that's not gonna gonna affect itvery uh very much .Project Manager: Okay .Marketing: Well that are the the consequences uh on a marketing uh part .Project Manager: {vocalsound} 'Kay.Industrial Designer: Alright .Marketing: Yes .User Interface: Okay .Project Manager: It's open already so you can use {gap} toMarketing: {gap} .ProjectManager: find yours .User Interface: Mm . It's {disfmarker}Project Manager: F_ five .User Interface: F_ five . Okay .Project Manager: {vocalsound} Go Jurgen.User Interface: Oh . What is this ?Marketing: {vocalsound}User Interface: Oh no . {vocalsound}Industrial Designer: {vocalsound}User Interface: How do I uh{disfmarker}Project Manager: {vocalsound} You pressed alt F_ four ? {vocalsound}User Interface: No no no . I pressed the mouse button .Project Manager: Oh