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---
license: cc-by-nc-sa-4.0
task_categories:
- multiple-choice
- text-generation
language:
- ar
tags:
- cultural
- commonsense
- commonsense cultural knowledge
pretty_name: ArabCulture
size_categories:
- 1K<n<10K
dataset_info:
- config_name: Algeria
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: text
      sequence: string
  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 138521
    num_examples: 271
  download_size: 54282
  dataset_size: 138521
- config_name: Egypt
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: text
      sequence: string
  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 133067
    num_examples: 265
  download_size: 48436
  dataset_size: 133067
- config_name: Jordan
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: text
      sequence: string
  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 151700
    num_examples: 290
  download_size: 53190
  dataset_size: 151700
- config_name: KSA
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: text
      sequence: string
  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 131864
    num_examples: 261
  download_size: 49944
  dataset_size: 131864
- config_name: Lebanon
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
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  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
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    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
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  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
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    - name: english_answer_key
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  - name: relevant_to_this_country
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  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
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  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 122498
    num_examples: 255
  download_size: 49462
  dataset_size: 122498
- config_name: Libya
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
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  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
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    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
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  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
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  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 239
  download_size: 57006
  dataset_size: 141730
- config_name: Morocco
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
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  - name: sub_topic
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  - name: first_statement
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    struct:
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    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
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  - name: answer_key
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    - name: arabic_answer_key
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    - name: english_answer_key
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  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
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  - name: should_discard
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  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 132122
    num_examples: 276
  download_size: 51299
  dataset_size: 132122
- config_name: Palestine
  features:
  - name: worker_id
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  - name: sample_id
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  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
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    struct:
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    - name: english_keys
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  - name: answer_key
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    - name: arabic_answer_key
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    - name: english_answer_key
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  - name: relevant_to_this_country
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  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 137975
    num_examples: 273
  download_size: 49556
  dataset_size: 137975
- config_name: Sudan
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
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  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 145257
    num_examples: 256
  download_size: 53385
  dataset_size: 145257
- config_name: Syria
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
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    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
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  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 120795
    num_examples: 279
  download_size: 44754
  dataset_size: 120795
- config_name: Tunisia
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
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  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 121372
    num_examples: 261
  download_size: 44710
  dataset_size: 121372
- config_name: UAE
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
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    - name: text
      sequence: string
  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 152835
    num_examples: 283
  download_size: 56690
  dataset_size: 152835
- config_name: Yemen
  features:
  - name: worker_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sample_id
    dtype: string
  - name: sub_topic
    dtype: string
  - name: first_statement
    dtype: string
  - name: options
    struct:
    - name: arabic_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: english_keys
      sequence: string
    - name: text
      sequence: string
  - name: answer_key
    struct:
    - name: arabic_answer_key
      dtype: string
    - name: english_answer_key
      dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_this_country
    dtype: string
  - name: relevant_to_other_countries
    dtype: string
  - name: should_discard
    dtype: string
  - name: country
    dtype: string
  - name: region
    dtype: string
  splits:
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 132363
    num_examples: 273
  download_size: 45738
  dataset_size: 132363
configs:
- config_name: Algeria
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Algeria/test-*
- config_name: Egypt
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Egypt/test-*
- config_name: Jordan
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Jordan/test-*
- config_name: KSA
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: KSA/test-*
- config_name: Lebanon
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Lebanon/test-*
- config_name: Libya
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Libya/test-*
- config_name: Morocco
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Morocco/test-*
- config_name: Palestine
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Palestine/test-*
- config_name: Sudan
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Sudan/test-*
- config_name: Syria
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Syria/test-*
- config_name: Tunisia
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Tunisia/test-*
- config_name: UAE
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: UAE/test-*
- config_name: Yemen
  data_files:
  - split: test
    path: Yemen/test-*

---



# ArabCulture πŸ‡¦πŸ‡ͺπŸ‡΅πŸ‡ΈπŸ‡ͺπŸ‡¬πŸ‡ΈπŸ‡¦πŸ‡ΎπŸ‡ͺπŸ‡―πŸ‡΄πŸ‡±πŸ‡§πŸ‡ΈπŸ‡ΎπŸ‡ΈπŸ‡©πŸ‡²πŸ‡¦πŸ‡©πŸ‡ΏπŸ‡ΉπŸ‡³πŸ‡±πŸ‡Ύ

<p align="left"> <i>Abdelrahman Sadallah and Junior Cedric Tonga and Khalid Almubarak and Saeed Almheiri and Farah Atif and Cahtrine Qwaider and Karima Kadaoui and Sara Shatnawi and Yaser Alesh and Fajri Koto </i></p>

<h4 align="left">
    MBZUAI, SDAIA, Al-Balqa Applied University, Khalifa University
</h4>

---
<p align="center">
  <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.12788"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/arXiv-2405.01535-b31b1b.svg" alt="arXiv"></a>
  <a href="https://huggingface.co/datasets/MBZUAI/ArabCulture"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Dataset-HuggingFace-yellow" alt="Hugging Face Organization"></a>
  <a href="https://github.com/mbzuai-nlp/arab_culture/blob/main/LICENSE"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/License-CC--BY--NC--SA%204.0-lightgrey.svg" alt="License"></a>
  <a href="https://github.com/mbzuai-nlp/arab_culture">
    <img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/GitHub-Repository-black?logo=github" alt="GitHub Repo">
  </a>
</p>

**ArabCulture** is a culturally grounded commonsense reasoning dataset in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), covering 13 Arab countries across the Gulf, Levant, North Africa, and the Nile Valley. The dataset contains 3,482 multiple-choice instances that test cultural commonsense reasoning in real-world daily life situations.
<p align="center">
  <img src="./main_fig.png" alt="Logo" width="200"/>
</p>


## Dataset Summary

Despite the rise of Arabic LLMs, evaluation on culturally relevant reasoning has been limited. ArabCulture fills this gap with questions authored and validated by native speakers, reflecting social norms, traditions, and everyday knowledge in Arabic societies. Each instance presents a short scenario followed by three plausible sentence completions, only one of which is culturally accurate.

- **Language:** Modern Standard Arabic (MSA)
- **Countries Covered:** 13 (KSA, UAE, Yemen, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Egypt, Sudan, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya)
- **Domains:** 12 (e.g., food, holidays, parenting)
- **Subtopics:** 54
- **Instances:** 3,482
- **Task Type:** Multiple Choice (MCQ) and Sentence Completion
- **Cultural Context:** Region and country-specific
## Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

- **Commonsense Reasoning**
- **Cultural Knowledge Assessment**
- **Zero-shot Evaluation of LLMs**

This dataset can be used to benchmark how well Arabic or multilingual models reason within culturally specific contexts.


## Citation
```
@misc{sadallah2025arabculture,
  title={Commonsense Reasoning in Arab Culture},
  author={Abdelrahman Sadallah and Junior Cedric Tonga and Khalid Almubarak and Saeed Almheiri and Farah Atif and Cahtrine Qwaider and Karima Kadaoui and Sara Shatnawi and Yaser Alesh and Fajri Koto},
  year={2025},
  eprint={2502.12788},
  archivePrefix={arXiv},
  primaryClass={cs.CL}
}
```

## License

The ArabCulture dataset is licensed under a
[Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).

##  Contact
For questions or contributions, contact:

* Abdelrahman Sadallah (abdelrahman.sadallah@mbzuai.ac.ae)

* Fajri Koto (fajri.koto@mbzuai.ac.ae)