[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Aortic stenosis treatment options

Mild aortic stenosis was diagnosed by echocardiogram, with no related symptoms. No specific intervention for aortic stenosis is required at this time.


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[User] Aortic valve repair post-operative care

The patient experienced no significant bleeding events after the procedure and was extubated on POD 1. The patient was advised to follow up with her rheumatologist for continued management of her RA.


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[User] Aortic valve replacement complications

Possible aortic valve periprosthetic abscess was identified with a TEE, followed by a SPECT scan that confirmed the diagnosis.


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[User] Aortoenteric Fistula diagnosis procedure

The initial emergency imaging during this recent hospitalization showed the presence of AEF, which was not detected on the initial surgery.


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[User] Aortoenteric Fistula treatment options

The patient underwent a bifurcated endovascular aortic aneurysm repair with embolisation of the internal iliac artery to treat the AEF. A laparotomy was also done to remove the distal ileum adhered to the inflammatory iliac aneurysm. The patient received treatment with intravenous antibiotics and steroids.


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[User] Apert syndrome complications

The patient is a 5-year-old male with Apert syndrome and previous VPS insertion. The patient was admitted to the hospital due to the spontaneous complete extrusion of the distal end of a VPS catheter through the intact abdominal wall.


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[User] Aplasia cutis congenita symptoms

Baby NU was admitted at the age of 4 hours on account of absence of skin and skull bone noticed at birth.


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[User] Aplasia cutis congenita treatment options

Routine care as per protocol, including oxygen, intravenous fluids, antibiotics, dressing with sofra-tulle, and normal saline soaked gauze, was provided. Burns and plastic unit and neurosurgeons made plans for future intervention in form of raising a flap cover for autologous skin grafting.


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[User] Apocrine EPC of the breast prognosis

Based on the biopsy results, the diagnosis of apocrine EPC of the breast, associated with an invasive NST (ductal) carcinoma with apocrine differentiation, was established.


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[User] Appendicectomy success rate pregnancy

The mother and fetus were monitored postoperatively and the patient made a rapid recovery.


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[User] Aquagenic keratoderma symptoms

The patient was admitted with a 3-year history of a burning sensation and papular lesions on both palms after sweating or immersion in water.


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[User] Are there any potential complications for Z osteotomy?

This procedure is known for its potential for minimal complications and predictable results.


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[User] Arnold-Chiari type 2 malformation symptoms in children

The patient had a diagnosis of Arnold-Chiari type 2 malformation and recurrent urinary tract infections with voiding dysfunction.


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[User] Aseptic meningitis diagnosis

Aseptic meningitis was diagnosed based on laboratory data and CSF mononuclear pleocytosis with negativity of the Gram stain.


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[User] Aseptic meningitis treatment and outcome

The patient received intravenous acyclovir for 14 days due to concerns of meningitis caused by the herpes simplex virus type 2. The patient experienced relief from his headache and the meningeal irritation signs ceased.


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[User] Aspergillus infection treatment in pediatric patients with leukemia

Voriconazole therapy was started on day 25 for a possible Aspergillus infection, and the patient's condition improved.


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[User] Aspergillus species symptoms in diabetes patients

The patient presented with a paroxysmal headache in the right parietal region accompanied by visual disturbance in the right eye for over 2 months.


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[User] Asthma treatment plan

The patient was prescribed fluticasone and LABA for asthma. At the time of discharge, the patient was successfully weaned onto low-dose fluticasone inhalation therapy.


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[User] Atlantoaxial dislocation radiography findings

Radiography showed an expansion of the atlanto-dental interval at the neutral position of the cervical spine, while computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed canal stenosis.


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[User] Atlantoaxial dislocation treatment complications

However, the patient returned to the hospital five months after surgery because of neck pain. Computed tomography revealed a fracture of the C1 lamina and recurrence of AAD. The patient underwent a second operation with a long posterior fusion.


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[User] Atorvastatin and tacrolimus side effects

The suspected cause was attributed to the dose increase of atorvastatin and the possible interaction between this drug and tacrolimus. The patient's condition improved after the discontinuation of atorvastatin and the reduction in the dose of tacrolimus.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Atorvastatin dosage adjustments during hospital stay

The patient was treated with atorvastatin 80 mg and ezetimibe 10 mg. She continued to receive atorvastatin 40 mg and ezetimibe 10 mg daily at the time of discharge.


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[User] Atovaquone-proguanil treatment regimen

Atovaquone-proguanil 250 mg/100 mg 4 tablets daily for 3 consecutive days


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[User] Atrial Septal Defect treatment options

Aortic root dilation and distortion of the interatrial septum were observed, contributing to the shunt. As a result, surgical correction was performed with no recurrence of symptoms observed after 12 months.


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[User] Atrial fibrillation treatment options

The patient also had symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation which was successfully treated with intravenous and oral amiodarone.


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[User] Atrophic mandible fracture treatment

Internal fixation with a 2.0-mm 6-hole miniplate and a 2.0-mm 4-hole miniplate was applied.


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[User] Atrophic non-union of the right humerus symptoms

Reason for Admission: Atrophic non-union of the right humerus with massive bone loss and a clear hardware loosening, leading to extreme pain and limited movements of the arm.


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[User] Atrophic non-union of the right humerus treatment

In April 2015, we removed all hardware and implanted an antibiotic-loaded spacer. After two months, we replaced the spacer with a cemented megaprosthesis with an additional bone resection.


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[User] Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of headache, vomiting, and anemia.


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[User] Atypical parathyroid adenoma size symptoms

An atypical parathyroid adenoma measuring 80×55×30 mm and weighing 58.8 g was removed.


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[User] Atypical varicella-zoster virus treatment

The patient was treated with intravenous acyclovir for 14 days followed by valacyclovir for an additional 3 months.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Auricular pseudocyst diagnosis criteria

The diagnosis of a recurrent auricular pseudocyst (AP) was made based on the clinical presentation and the clinical course. Laboratory investigations revealed no abnormal values regarding the cyst.


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[User] Auricular pseudocyst treatment options

Steroid injections or surgical removal of the cyst were considered. However, steroid injection was excluded due to its failure at the patient's first visit. Surgical removal was also excluded as there was no indication for surgical removal since the contents of the cyst were mostly accumulated liquid. A dental silicon cast was used to generate even pressure after removing the contents of the AP by suction.


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[User] Autoimmune encephalitis symptoms in children

The patient was admitted to our academic hospital with worsening cognitive complaints and suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis. EEG tests including a 24-h registration revealed sporadic bilateral frontal and frontotemporal activity with some epileptiform features, without clinical correlation.


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[User] Autoimmune hepatitis treatment guidelines

According to the AASLD practice guidelines, we did not initiate any treatment.


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[User] Autoimmune myelofibrosis diagnosis

After several investigations including a bone marrow biopsy, absence of significant past medical, family or exposure history, no mutation for JAK2 V617F, JAK2 exon 12, and MPL, it was concluded that the patient suffered from autoimmune myelofibrosis.


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[User] Autoimmune myelofibrosis treatment

Oral prednisone 60 mg/day was administered, which resulted in RBC transfusion independence. The patient was able to maintain RBC transfusion independence for 2 years after being treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) infusion (1 gram/kg IV for 2 days).


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[User] Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation outcomes

The patient then received an autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The patient was discharged from the hospital in stable condition and remained alive 11 months after diagnosis.


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[User] Autologous stem cell transplant follow-up care

The patient was admitted for autologous stem cell transplant 2 weeks following retrieval, as planned.


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[User] Automated lamellar therapeutic keratoplasty (ALTK) procedure details

The patient underwent ALTK in his left eye with a thickness of 250 μm to improve visual acuity and anterior corneal clarity.


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[User] Autonomic dysfunction treatment in tetanus patients

After an autonomic dysfunction was confirmed by the electrocardiogram test, the patient's palpitations under mild exertion improved.


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[User] Autopsy findings of the patient's coronary arteries

Autopsy of the patient revealed a mildly dilated heart with the weight of 350 g. His three major coronary arteries were normal, and there was no evidence of infarction on histological examination.


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[User] Autosomal Dominant Condylar Hyperplasia symptoms

She displayed anterior open bite and generalized spacing. Panoramic radiography was conducted to evaluate bone overgrowth and tooth germ development which revealed a hyperostosis and sclerosis of the alveolar bone in both the maxilla and mandible, particularly around the developing tooth germs.


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[User] Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease symptoms

Bilateral, symmetrically enlarged, echogenic kidneys filling the fetal abdomen were identified during the fetal scan. There was no visible urinary bladder, and the amniotic fluid index was 9.


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[User] Avascular necrosis metatarsals symptoms

The patient presented with painless foot swelling.


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[User] Ayurvedic medication allergy treatment plan

The patient was advised to update her treating physician of any future allergic reactions to Ayurvedic medication. The patient was educated about keeping a record of her allergies and medications.


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[User] Ayurvedic medication risks

The ayurvedic medication was found to be dispensed in a small bottle without labeling and in the form of small white balls. The patient was advised to avoid any use of ayurvedic medicines without proper labeling and doctor’s prescription.


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[User] Ayurvedic treatment for Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Virechana karma was initiated, followed by Mātrā basti, Śirobasti, and palliative treatment in accordance with the Ayurvedic therapy of Vāta vyādhi and rejuvenation therapy.


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[User] Azithromycin treatment for yaws

The patient has been treated with one dose of azithromycin (30 mg/kg body weight) by the study physicians as per WHO recommendations.


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[User] Aztreonam lysine dosage and administration

The patient was treated with inhaled aztreonam lysine, 75 mg, three times daily for 28 days.


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[User] B cepacia complex resistant to colistin and aminoglycosides treatment

The patient was treated with inhaled aztreonam lysine, 75 mg, three times daily for 28 days. The microbiological sputum study after 28 days of treatment detected only saprophytic flora, which persisted a year after the initiation of the treatment.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] B cepacia complex symptoms and complications

The patient had a history of arterial hypertension, high cholesterol, chronic ischemic cardiopathy, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, bronchiectasis, and old pulmonary tuberculosis.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] B-ALL treatment options

The patient received treatment and showed successful progress during the first hospitalization for MDS. However, he was lost to follow-up and presented again with a relapse of reduced blood cells. The readmission led to the discovery of B-ALL. The patient received proper care and was discharged following confirmation of diagnosis.


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[User] B-cell lymphoma symptoms

The patient presented to the dental hospital with a growth in the left lower back tooth region.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] B-cell lymphoma treatment

The patient was treated with the regimen R-CHOP (rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) and adjunctive intrathecal methotrexate for six cycles.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] B. cereus necrotizing pneumonia symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with sudden onset of severe right shoulder and flank pain, numbness of the right hand, hemoptysis, hypoxemia, and forced breathing.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] B. coli infection treatment

Tetracycline and metronidazole were given for a total of 7 days and the patient gradually improved.


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[User] B. pseudomallei treatment duration

Intravenous Antibiotics were switched over to imipenem and doxycyclin. The patient was discharged with advice to continue cotrimoxazole for four months.


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[User] B. pseudomallei treatment options

The patient was treated with intravenous ceftazidime. Upon follow-up after 4 weeks, the symptoms had completely subsided, and there were no signs of vegetation.


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[User] B. thetaiotaomicron and A. lwoffii treatment

Postoperative anaerobic blood cultures were positive for B. thetaiotaomicron and tissue biopsied from the wall of the aortic aneurysm was positive for A. lwoffii. The patient was treated with ciprofloxacin and metronidazole and recovered well.


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[User] BCG osteomyelitis and TB relationship

The patient had no past medical history of pulmonary TB or contact with TB patients. ... The patient was diagnosed with BCG osteomyelitis after bone biopsy, which showed caseating granulomatous inflammatory tissue consistent with tuberculosis osteomyelitis.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] BCG osteomyelitis diagnosis methods

The patient was diagnosed with BCG osteomyelitis after bone biopsy, which showed caseating granulomatous inflammatory tissue consistent with tuberculosis osteomyelitis.


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[User] BCG osteomyelitis treatment plan

Treatment was initiated with anti-tuberculosis therapy, including isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol, for a 12-month period.


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[User] BCG sepsis symptoms

The 73-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to fever and impaired consciousness.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] BCG sepsis treatment

The patient received a combination of antituberculosis drugs, an empirical non-specific antibiotic, and an antidisseminated intravascular coagulation drug for BCG sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation.


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[User] BCG vaccination osteomyelitis treatment

The patient was treated with a chemotherapy regimen consisting of rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. After this, streptomycin and ethambutol were administered instead of pyrazinamide due to the sensitivity result.


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[User] BCR-ABL1 rearrangement and NPM1 mutation type B treatment plan

The patient was diagnosed with AML with BCR-ABL1 rearrangement and NPM1 mutation type B, with no response to dasatinib.


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[User] BCR-ABL1-positive CML treatment options

The patient had a previous diagnosis of BCR-ABL1-positive CML and achieved a complete molecular response using imatinib. He had also been switched to nilotinib four years ago due to imatinib-induced muscle cramps without relapse.


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[User] BCS-like lesion treatment plan

The patient was treated with IVMP and monthly cyclophosphamide infusions. Although there was an insignificant decrease in size after four months, the patient was started on monthly cyclophosphamide infusions (800 mg/m2/pulse), which resulted in no MRI activity or clinical relapse over a 3-month follow-up period.


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[User] BCVA outcomes for patients with calcified choroidal mass

On dilated fundus examination, his left eye showed a BCVA of hand movement, while his right eye showed a BCVA of 6/6.


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[User] BD therapy side effects

The patient developed impaired consciousness during the second course of BD therapy, with no other symptoms. His level of consciousness recovered to normal three days after discontinuing the therapy.


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[User] BDUMP diagnosis criteria

The patient was admitted for suspected BDUMP. Due to suspicious melanotic changes and weight loss, further investigations were carried out, which revealed a diagnosis of non-small cell lung carcinoma.


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[User] BED treatment options

However, the BED symptoms persisted and topiramate was added. The dose of topiramate was gradually increased, and the patient showed improvement in her eating behavior.


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[User] BEST1 mutation symptoms

The patient presented with a decreased vision acuity at 20/40 in the right eye and 20/200 in the left eye mainly due to aging-related retinal atrophy.


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[User] BKPyV infection treatment options

The patient was treated with Basiliximab induction, tacrolimus, prednisolone, and mycophenolate. The BKPyV count continued to increase and Leflunomide therapy was started, followed by intravenous immunoglobulin, cidofovir infusion, and ciprofloxacin therapy. Tacrolimus was reduced and everolimus was introduced.


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[User] BMMC scintigraphy results

Whole-body 99mTc-BMMC scintigraphy was performed 2 h after administration and demonstrated a normal biodistribution of labeled cells.


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[User] BP diagnosis process

After admission, two punch biopsies were obtained and tested using H&E and DIF methods. The results were consistent with the diagnosis of BP. Further testing confirmed high levels of BP antigen-2 antibodies and IIF showed deposition of IgG detectable at dilutions of 1:640 on the epidermal side of the split skin.


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[User] BRAF-targeted therapy outcome

BRAF-targeted therapy was initiated after 8 weeks, which resulted in a partial response in the extracranial disease and mixed response in the intracranial disease.


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[User] BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation analysis in ovarian cancer

Genomic analysis for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations was performed and demonstrated a frameshift mutation in the BRCA1 gene: 277_279delinsCC (Phe93fs), which is a novel BRCA1 mutation never reported.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] BRCA1 gene mutation ovarian cancer

NGS targeting the BRCA1/2 gene region was conducted, which revealed the presence of 11 variants in BRCA1 and 12 in BRCA2. One of the variants found in BRCA1, NM_007294.3(BRCA1): c.5074+3A>C, was identified in the heterozygous state and found to be pathogenic.


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[User] BRONJ symptoms

The patient was followed up for six years, presenting good general health, no sign of bone exposure, and did not have paresthesia. Imaging findings showed no changes related to BRONJ either.


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[User] BRTO or DBOE procedure complications

The patient received 4000 units of human haptoglobin to prevent hemolysis from occurring during the procedure.


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[User] BTX-A treatment efficacy

At 3 weeks follow up, the patient reported improvements in pain, warmer hands, and improved sensory function. Angiography showed that the digital arteries were more dilated and more clearly visible. DIRT showed rapid and improved rewarming of all fingers compared to the pre-treatment examination.


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[User] BTX-A treatment side effects

The only side effect of both BTX-A treatments was a temporary weakness of the intrinsic muscles of each hand, the lumbrical and interosseous muscles to the 2–5 finger and the flexor pollicis breves, the opponents and adductor muscles of the thumb. This transitional weakness lasted about 3 weeks.


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[User] Babesia microti infection symptoms

The patient presented to the emergency department with fever, generalized weakness, and flu-like symptoms.


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[User] Babesia microti infection treatment

The patient was treated with quinine initially but experienced side effects and was subsequently switched to atovaquone, clindamycin, and azithromycin. The patient tolerated the treatment well and experienced symptom improvement.


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[User] Babesiosis diagnosis symptoms

The patient reported a tick bite a month earlier and was empirically treated for presumed Anaplasmosis versus Ehrlichiosis with doxycycline. He returned to the emergency department with continuing symptoms and was found to have acute renal failure, high lactate levels, and parasitemia of Babesia microti.


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[User] Babesiosis symptoms in adults

The patient presented with a fever, generalized weakness, cold sweats, nausea, and headache.


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[User] Babesiosis treatment options

The patient was given atovaquone and azithromycin before transfer and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit in respiratory distress. The patient was discharged home on day 6 with oral atovaquone, doxycycline, and azithromycin.


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[User] Bacillus anthracis diagnosis

Blood culture was positive for Bacillus anthracis, with nonbranching gram-positive bacilli grown in chains. Subcultures represented typical growth of aerobic spore-forming bacilli without hemolysis. The PCR tests confirmed the presence of three chromosomal markers, pag (pXO1), capB (pXO2), and rpoB.


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[User] Bacillus anthracis symptoms

The patient, a 34-year-old male, was admitted with severe abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fever, sweating, and lethargy.


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[User] Baclofen dosage adjustment for relapse prevention

Baclofen was decreased to 200 mg/day, leading to a long period of relapse for which he required hospitalization. It was increased again to 400 mg/day, and Pt9 currently takes 390 mg/day (June 2014) while drinking an average of two glasses of wine per day.


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[User] Baclofen dosing for alcohol use disorder

Pt9 was prescribed Baclofen, which was increased to 300 mg/day without any effect. Above this dose, Pt9 began to progressively decrease drinking and shift from whiskey to rosé wine. At 480 mg/day (eleventh month of treatment), Pt9 reported only consuming two glasses of wine per day and remained sober.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Baclofen treatment for alcohol use disorder

Pt9 was prescribed Baclofen, which was increased to 300 mg/day without any effect. Above this dose, Pt9 began to progressively decrease drinking and shift from whiskey to rosé wine.


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[User] Balanced reciprocal translocation chromosome 7 and 17 symptoms

The patient was referred to the Genetic Counseling Service of the University of São Paulo due to short stature, delayed bone age, and skeletal anomalies including hypoplastic scapulae, thoracolumbar scoliosis, and hypoplasia of the first four pairs of ribs.


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[User] Balo concentric sclerosis symptoms

The patient was an 8-year-old boy with a normal developmental history who presented with acute onset of left-sided hemiparesis of the face and left-sided limb weakness after a mild head injury.


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[User] Balo disease treatment

The patient was treated with a 4-day course of methylprednisolone pulse with a presumptive diagnosis of Balo disease.


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[User] Bankart lesion symptoms

Physical examination revealed atrophy of the left supraspinatus muscle, with a full range of motion of the shoulder. Apprehension and relocation tests were positive, and a negative sulcus sign and negative O’Brien's sign were noted. Rotator cuff muscles strength appeared normal except for the supraspinatus, which showed significant weakness.


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[User] Bankart lesion treatment options

Non-operative treatment failed, and the patient underwent arthroscopic Bankart repair.


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[User] Bardet-Biedl syndrome causes

The patient was diagnosed with inherited progressive rod-cone dystrophy with polydactyly syndrome (Bardet-Biedl syndrome).


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[User] Bardet-Biedl syndrome genetic testing

The patient's saliva sample was sent for genetic testing, and it was positive for a single pathogenic heterozygous mutation in the BBS1 gene of the variant c.1169T>G (p.Met390Arg). He had five additional variants of unknown uncertain (VUS) at the ADGVR1, CACNA2D4, COL2A1, IMPG1, and MKKS genes ()


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[User] Bardet-Biedl syndrome symptoms

Multiple physical abnormalities were noted during the patient's examination, including mental retardation, speech defects, corneal matte appearance, strabismus, central obesity, micropenis, syndactyly, and polydactyly.


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[User] Barium swallow results for the patient

A barium swallow demonstrated no abnormalities.


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[User] Barrett's esophagus dysplasia treatment options

A multidisciplinary approach was taken, and it was decided to treat the lesion using endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD).


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[User] Barrett's esophagus histopathology

Histopathologic examination of the resected specimens confirmed negative horizontal and vertical mucosal resection margins for Barrett’s esophagus.


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[User] Basal cell adenocarcinoma symptoms

The patient presented with an unhealed wound in the mouth for 6 months after he pulled out a loose upper right molar himself. He also reported a gradually increasing swelling and numbness over the right maxillary sinus region, blocked nostril, and decreased hearing from the same side of the lesion.


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[User] Basal cell carcinoma symptoms and complications

The patient presented with a neglected basal cell carcinoma (BCC) lesion on the parietal scalp, which had been developing over 7 years. The patient's lesion was ulcerated, exudative, and with spontaneous bleeding, measuring 26 × 23cm, involving most of the left scalp and invading the left auditory canal.


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[User] Basal cell carcinoma treatment options

HDR brachytherapy was offered for definitive treatment, and informed consent was obtained for treatment and for this report. Surgery was not recommended due to the patient's age and comorbidities.


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[User] Basilar skull fracture treatment options

The patient's transthoracic echocardiography was normal, and left heart catheterization revealed normal coronary arteries.


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[User] Basis for Developmental Delay Diagnosis

His medical history included a diagnosis of development delay, which may have contributed to his poor academic performance.


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[User] Behavioral and mood changes in young women

The patient, a 23-year-old unmarried Omani woman, was admitted to the psychiatric clinic with a 3 year history of behavioral and mood changes. Her mother observed that these changes occurred during certain times of the patient's menstrual cycles.


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[User] Behcet's disease treatment

The patient received pulse steroid therapy and immunosuppressive therapy after the pseudoaneurysm was detected.


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[User] Behçet's disease diagnosis criteria

Examination revealed laboratory data consistent with an underlying inflammatory condition, including elevated levels of CRP and fibrinogen, an elevated blood sedimentation rate, and positive HLA-A26.


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[User] Behçet's disease symptoms

The patient was admitted to our hospital on [REDACTED], presenting with recurrent inflammation affecting the right eye. He was diagnosed with Behçet's disease (BD), meeting the classification criteria for BD established by the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare.


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[User] Behçet's disease treatment

The patient was also treated with colchicine for the treatment of Behçet's disease, with a daily dose of 1 mg. Furthermore, following treatment with colchicine, no new episodes of oral ulcerations were reported.


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[User] Behçet’s disease with neurological manifestations symptoms

The patient was admitted to our institution in September 2014 with pancranial headache, stiff neck, left oculomotor paresis, left facial nerve paresis, unstable gait and left hemiparesis. The patient had a previous history of recurrent oral aphthosis.


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[User] Bence-Jones protein λ-type multiple myeloma symptoms

The 70-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital for diagnosis and management of renal dysfunction secondary to Bence-Jones protein λ-type multiple myeloma with myeloma kidney.


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[User] Benefits of U500 insulin pump therapy for insulin resistance

The use of U500 insulin permitted larger daily amounts to be delivered to overcome the insulin resistance, and resulted in better lifestyle acceptability and improved glycemic control.


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[User] Benefits of the 'low glucose suspend' feature

The patient and her family were provided with information on how 'low glucose suspend' feature of the Paradigm Veo works and its associated benefits. Greater reductions in frequency and severity of hypoglycemia are likely with further integration of CGM into the insulin pump, as now seen with the Medtronic Paradigm Veo.


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[User] Benign smooth muscle tumor treatment options

The patient underwent a right hemi-thyroidectomy during which the lesion was shelled out with a rim of uninvolved gland.


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[User] Benign spindle cell lipoma treatment plan

Histological analysis was conducted postoperatively and revealed a benign spindle cell lipoma. The patient underwent a successful surgical intervention for identification and removal of the mass with an uneventful postoperative recovery.


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[User] Bentall procedure with De Bono technique

She underwent a Bentall and De Bono procedure, replacing the aortic root and valve with a mechanical prosthesis, followed by endovascular treatment of descending thoracic aorta.


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[User] Bernard Soulier syndrome diagnosis criteria

The results of genetic study showed a homozygous RASGRP2 VUS c.956 C>T p. (pro 319leu) which confirmed the diagnosis of Bernard-Soulier syndrome (BDPLT18).


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[User] Berry syndrome treatment options

The ultimate diagnosis was Berry syndrome. The patient refused to be hospitalized to further evaluate the possibility of surgery and was lost to follow-up.


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[User] Betahistine dosage for Meniere's disease

Good control of vertigo attacks achieved with Betahistine (16 mg every 8 h)


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[User] Bevacizumab therapy for epistaxis

Intravenous systemic therapy with anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab was initiated in March 2014. The frequency of nosebleeds decreased impressively after the first injection of bevacizumab as evidenced by the epistaxis severity score.


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[User] BiPAP support complications

The patient was given BiPAP support (20 cmH2O inspiratory pressure/5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure) along with oxygen inhalation. The patient's oxygen saturation improved from 92% to 97% with the application of BiPAP and remained at that level or higher throughout the intubation procedure.


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[User] Bier's sympathetic block efficacy

Physiotherapy and volar splints were unsuccessful in alleviating his pain, and he eventually required a Bier's sympathetic block. However, his symptoms and signs recurred shortly after discharge.


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[User] Bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia symptoms

The patient was admitted with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia. During her 12-day stay at the hospital, Patient 11 showed signs of lymphopenia, with an absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) of 190/mm3.


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[User] Bilateral Polychromatic Cataract treatment options

Slit lamp examination revealed bilateral polychromatic cataract with posterior subcapsular component.


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[User] Bilateral breast masses symptoms

The patient was a 61-year-old woman who presented with bilateral breast masses detected on routine mammography screening. The right-side mass was ER+, PR low and HER2/neu+, while the left mass was triple-negative.


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[User] Bilateral carotid artery stenosis treatment

The patient underwent dual anastomosis between the superficial temporal artery (STA) and MCA combined with EDMS on the left side.


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[User] Bilateral cataracts and lung cancer relationship

The patient is a 75-year-old male previously known for bilateral cataracts. He was diagnosed with stage III non-small cell lung carcinoma.


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[User] Bilateral crazy-paving pattern on CT scans

Computerized tomography of the chest revealed a bilateral crazy-paving pattern.


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[User] Bilateral elbow fracture treatment

Orthopedic surgery subsequently placed bilateral long arm splints on the patient and he was discharged from the emergency department. The patient underwent bilateral triceps tendon sutures for both the right and left elbows with no complications.


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[User] Bilateral familial vertical Duane symptoms

The patient presented with drooping of upper eyelids and inward deviation of either eye since birth. The patient also had a moderate compensatory head posture and mild facial hypoplasia of the right side.


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[User] Bilateral ground glass alveolo-interstitial pneumonitis treatment

The initial tests revealed bilateral ground glass alveolo-interstitial pneumonitis, indicating COVID-19 infection. The patient was treated with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin, intravenous corticosteroids, and salbutamol.


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[User] Bilateral hearing loss and facial nerve palsy symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with bilateral hearing loss and right-sided facial nerve palsy and underwent further testing.


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[User] Bilateral hearing loss causes

The patient was admitted to the ENT clinic with bilateral hearing loss, which had been progressively worsening over the past three years.


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[User] Bilateral hypothalamic DBS complications

The patient's headaches were likely secondary to depleted generators, and her symptoms have been successfully managed via generator replacement.


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[User] Bilateral kidney malrotation treatment

The patient had issues with her urinary tract and kidneys that required ureteroscopy and stone extraction.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bilateral knee agenesis treatment options

Training and functional therapy as well as proprioceptive exercises were started.


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[User] Bilateral knee pain and swelling causes in adolescents

The patient presented to our outpatient clinic with occasional knee pain, swelling, and functional instability of both knees under pivot stress.


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[User] Bilateral mild hip dysplasia treatment

The patient underwent right hip arthroscopic surgery due to synovitis, which included synovectomy and inter-portal capsulotomy with no subsequent capsular closure. The patient did not experience any pain in the right hip joint after the initial surgery, and her modified Harris hip score (mHHS) increased from 61.2 pre-operatively to 90.2 at 6 months post-operatively.


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[User] Bilateral nuclear cataract symptoms

The patient, a 39-year-old male, was admitted to our clinic in October 2011 with the diagnosis of bilateral nuclear cataract. The initial examination showed a best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/70 in the right eye (RE) and 20/40 in the left eye (LE), with both eyes presenting various ocular abnormalities such as mid-peripheral iris defects, and pigmental dispersion.


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[User] Bilateral ovarian cysts symptoms

The patient was admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Sirai Hospital with bilateral ovarian cysts associated with endometrial hyperplasia and lower abdominal pain, with suspected ovarian malignancy.


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[User] Bilateral pan sinusitis symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of severe headache, periorbital swelling, pain, and double vision in the right eye, fever, and left lower limb weakness.


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[User] Bilateral pneumonia treatment options

Antibiotic treatment was initiated and no causative microorganism was identified.


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[User] Bilateral pneumonic consolidation symptoms and treatment

The patient presented with fever, cough, difficulty in breathing, and exertional chest pain. Admission tests revealed high blood sugar levels, ketone levels, and metabolic acidosis. Imaging tests showed bilateral pneumonic consolidation in the lower lobes, for which the patient received insulin, antibiotics, intravenous fluids, and treatment for ketoacidosis.


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[User] Bilateral pneumothoraces treatment options

However, he was ultimately extubated and discharged home with full neurologic recovery, and a repeat CTA chest demonstrated resolution of pulmonary thrombi.


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[User] Bilateral prosthetic knee joint infection symptoms

The patient presented with worsening pain and swelling of both prosthetic knee joints that had developed over the past six weeks. She also reported experiencing indolent fever, night sweats, and malaise for the past week.


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[User] Bilateral renal artery stenosis symptoms and diagnosis

Computed tomography angiography revealed bilateral renal artery stenosis (RAS) and multiple collateral vessels.


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[User] Bilateral renal artery stenosis treatment options

Left renal revascularization with a splenorenal end to end anastomosis followed by right iliac fossa renal autotransplantation.


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[User] Bilateral revision TKA procedure steps

Bilateral revision TKAs were performed under anesthesia using a modified Insall's midline approach with lateral retraction of the patella. The original cemented TKA implants were removed carefully, preserving as much bone as possible. Constrained implants with long femoral and tibial stems were used.


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[User] Bilateral subdural hemorrhages in infants causes

The differential diagnosis for bilateral subdural hematomas in a 7-month-old included NAT, rebleed of a prior subdural collection (neomembrane), bleeding/clotting disorder, benign subdural hemorrhages of childbirth, and metabolic disorders such as glutaric aciduria type I or Menke's disease.


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[User] Bilateral supernumerary primary maxillary lateral incisors treatment

Intraoral examination showed that the supernumerary incisors were bilateral and primary, with fusion present in the primary maxillary left lateral incisor and the lateral supernumerary tooth. Radiographs also showed bilateral supplemental primary maxillary lateral incisors, with incomplete fusion present in the primary maxillary left lateral incisor and the lateral supernumerary tooth.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bilateral thalamic acute infarction treatment

The patient was monitored and treated with blood pressure regulation, anti-platelet aggregation, plaque stabilization, circulation improvement, and elimination of oxygen free radicals.


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[User] Bilateral visual loss causes

The patient was admitted to our hospital with bilateral and painless visual loss. The ophthalmic examination revealed a reduced visual acuity in both eyes, a bilateral swollen optic disc, vitreous cellularity, and arteriolar narrowing.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bilateral vocal cord polyps treatment options

The patient underwent vocal cord polyp resection via transoral laser microsurgery.


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[User] Biliary drainage procedure complications

Biliary drainage was successfully performed without complications. The patient did not experience further cholangitis or need for stent replacement up to his death.


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[User] Biliary stricture treatment options

An ERCP was performed, and a biliary stricture was dilated via endoprostheses. ... the patient subsequently underwent an exploratory laparotomy, cholecystectomy, portal lymphadenectomy, and an en bloc resection of the entire CBD from the supraduodenal aspect to the hilar bifurcation.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Biliarycutaneous fistula management

The patient was admitted multiple times for management of a biliarycutaneous fistula. The course was further complicated by misplaced drains, resulting in a biliarycutaneous fistula.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bilious vomiting treatment

The patient underwent resuscitation and blood transfusion, followed by an exploratory laparotomy.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bilirubin levels and hemochromatosis

The patient was admitted for elevated serum ferritin and bilirubin levels.


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[User] Biological restoration procedure success rate

The assessment of patients response to treatment indicated positive change in behavior, speech and self-esteem.


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[User] Biopsy results from diagnostic bronchoscopy

A diagnostic bronchoscopy was performed, and the mass was biopsied to provide pathological evaluation and accurate diagnosis.


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[User] Bipolar II disorder symptoms

She had a history of experiencing abnormal happiness, irritability, and increased energy levels for a few days followed by a low mood with loss of interest, irritability, difficulty falling asleep, and early awakening.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bipolar affective disorder symptoms

The patient had shown signs of personality change and was not cooking or wearing matching clothes anymore. She also had a tendency to wander away and expressed grandiose ideas about herself, claiming she had divine powers. Her parents reported that she was eating nonvegetarian food in large quantities and showed an obsession with it.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bipolar disorder treatment options

The medication regime was modified, and the hiccup occurred eight hours after the second aripiprazole. Gabapentin (100 mg) was administered, and after a lack of response, an additional 100 mg was given.


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[User] Bipolar hemiarthroplasty complications

The patient presented to the clinic with left thigh pain in early April 2019, and migrated bipolar cup was detected on radiographs six months later. Preoperative radiographs in January 2020 showed a radiolucent line along the medial margin of the stem.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bismuth-Corlette type IV perihilar cholangiocarcinoma treatment options

The patient was treated with central bisectionectomy. During the surgery, we removed the invaded portion of the portal vein (PV) bifurcation and the right anterior PV branch, with subsequent repair of the wall defect at the hilar PV using a cryopreserved iliac vein allograft patch. Segments IV, V, VIII, and caudate lobe were resected through central bisectionectomy and caudate lobectomy, followed by Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy to the right posterior section and left lateral section ducts.


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[User] Bladder leiomyoma symptoms

The patient was admitted with hypovolemic shock caused by severe gross hematuria. Multiple solid masses located in the region between the bladder, uterus, and vagina were found to be the underlying cause of the hematuria.


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[User] Bladder outlet obstruction with posterior urethral valves diagnosis

Ultrasonography showed an echogenic and irregular intravesical lesion. Micturating cystourethrogram suggested bilateral vesicoureteral reflux and persistent filling defect in the bladder and posterior urethra.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bladder stones symptoms

The patient was referred to our clinic in December 2019 with the chief complaint of recurrent frequency, urgency, and odynuria for three months.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bladder thrombus symptoms

The patient was hospitalized with bladder thrombus and underwent a successful cystoscopy and transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) using a Plasma Kinetic Tissue Management System (Gyrus Medical, Bucks, UK) with a bipolar electrosurgical device.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Bladder tumor diagnosis

Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as IMT.


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[User] Bladder tumor treatment plan

The patient was diagnosed with a bladder tumor (1.0 cm) by posttreatment ultrasound exam, which was treated by transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-BT) at week 26 of discontinuation. Histological examination revealed low-grade, noninvasive papillary urothelial carcinoma.


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[User] Blepharoptosis repair procedure

The patient underwent upper blepharoplasty and levator resection. Upper blepharoplasty included skin-orbicularis muscle flap excision, medial fat excision, and partially preaponeurotic fat excision through a hole in the center of the septum.


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[User] Blood pressure management treatment

Throughout his hospital stay, the patient received aggressive blood pressure management. By day 5, his blood pressure had decreased and a repeat MRI showed resolution of most lesions.


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[User] Blood sugar levels monitoring after intradermal insulin injection

The patient was advised to closely monitor his blood sugar levels and follow the proper insulin injection technique.


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[User] Blood test results for Gastric MALT lymphoma diagnosis

The blood biochemistry and urine routine tests were normal, but the patient had mild leukopenia and moderate anemia.


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[User] Blue nevus follow-up care

The patient was discharged and advised to follow-up with her primary care physician if there were any changes to the pigmented plaque or any new concerns.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Blue nevus symptoms

At presentation, the patient had an asymptomatic blue-blackish plaque on her left upper extremity.


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[User] Blue nevus treatment options

The patient was advised to continue monitoring the area of concern for any changes.


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[User] Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome symptoms

The patient presented with new lesions over her back and feet, which began 1 year prior. However, she has demonstrated complete control of her previously diagnosed Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) with multiple surgical procedures and preventive management plan including sirolimus 1 mg (0.7 mg/m2/day) PO.


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[User] Blue-black skin lesion symptoms

Physical examination revealed a 10 × 7-mm, blue-black nodule with an irregular border, which was accompanied by 1–2-mm guttate macular satellite lesions.


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[User] Bluish lip lesion on warfarin therapy symptoms

Admission: 55-year-old male patient with a rapidly growing bluish lesion of the lip vermilion while receiving warfarin for the prevention of a thromboembolic event following the implantation of a mechanical heart valve.


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[User] Blunt chest trauma symptoms

The patient presented with blunt chest trauma following a motorcycle collision. The patient was conscious upon arrival and had multiple bruises, with blood pressure of 103/53 mmHg, heart rate of 88 per minute, and pulse oximetry of 97%.


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[User] Boerhaave's syndrome complications

Inflammatory wall-thickening with free intra-abdominal air and air inclusions at the gastroesophageal junction were observed.


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[User] Boerhaave's syndrome symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of severe epigastric pain lasting 8 hours. On physical examination, peritonitic tenderness throughout the entire abdomen was observed, and laboratory inflammation parameters were significantly elevated.


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[User] Bone marrow biopsy results

A bone marrow biopsy showed hypercellularity with increased myeloid-to-erythroid ratio, myeloid left shifting, and a well-represented CD14+ monocyte component.


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[User] Bone marrow puncture smear results

Bone marrow puncture smear of the iliac spine showed normal hematopoietic tissue hyperplasia, the presence of three-line hematopoietic cells, expanded islands of erythroid cells, hyperplasia of erythroid cells, reduced granulocytosis ratio, and scattered distribution of megakaryocytes.


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[User] Bone mineral density (BMD) scores

Bone mineral density (BMD) [of] the lumbar (L) spine and the mean total hip by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were 0.678 and 0.958 g/cm2, respectively, corresponding to T scores of -3.0 and 0.9


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[User] Borderline Phyllodes Tumor symptoms

The patient was admitted to the surgical clinic with a mass in the left breast that had been present for two years. The patient did not have nipple discharge or hormone treatment.


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[User] Bordetella bronchiseptica treatment

Microbiological culture and sensitivity reports were available 5 days later (13 days postoperatively) showing Bordetella bronchiseptica. Hourly levofloxacin 0.5% eye drops and once daily gatifloxacin 0.3% eye gel were prescribed.


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[User] Botulism symptoms

The patient presented with bilateral ptosis, ophthalmoparesis with diplopia, dysarthria, dysphagia with disturbance of the oral and pharyngeal phase, and moderate bilateral facial nerve paralysis.


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[User] Botulism treatment options

The patient received supportive care during hospitalization, including tracheotomy and mechanical ventilation for respiratory distress due to vomiting and an inability to clear secretions. Botulism antitoxin was not administered because of the prolonged time interval from ingestion of the presumed poisoned beans of more than 72 hours.


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[User] Bowel obstruction treatment options

An intestinal bypass was performed to relieve the small bowel obstruction, and the patient had an uneventful postoperative course.


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[User] Bowen's disease treatment options

The patient underwent wide surgical excision of the lesion.


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[User] Brachial arteriovenous fistula closure procedure

Under general anesthesia, the fistulous opening was closed continuously with non-absorbable monofilament polypropylene 6-0 suture through the venous side.


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[User] Brachial arteriovenous fistula symptoms

The patient had no specific symptoms, such as dyspnea or steal syndrome of the distal arm.


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[User] Brachiocephalic vein fistula treatment

The patient underwent surgery under general anesthesia, during which two connections were detected, one between deep femoral artery and common femoral vein, and another between superficial femoral artery and common femoral vein. Both connections were temporarily occluded, and then treated based on their respective locations.


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[User] BrachyVision treatment planning software outcomes

Treatment planning was done using the BrachyVision software. Treatment was delivered as planned, and the patient had complete resolution of the lesion.


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[User] Brain CT scan findings

Brain CT scan showed no new focal infections or processes.


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[User] Brain MRI findings

A brain MRI was requested to rule out intracranial pathology, which revealed isolated sphenoid sinusitis.


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[User] Brain MRI findings in patient

Brain MRI revealed irregular leaf-like lesions, meningeal metastasis, and GM grade 4 according to WHO criteria. Astrocytes were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, Ki-67 protein, MGMT, and EGFR.


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[User] Brain metastasis symptoms

She presented after two years with symptoms of weakness, nausea, dizziness, and gait disturbance, for which brain MRI revealed 2 BM (right frontal and brainstem).


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[User] Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) categories

On mammography, the lesion appeared as a radiodense mass measuring 2.5 cm × 2 cm in the inferolateral quadrant with axillary lymphadenopathy (4.8 cm × 2.9 cm) and was categorized as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) IV-C-highly suspicious.


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[User] Breast cancer diagnosis

Admission Diagnosis: Palpable mass in the right breast with an enlarged lymph node in the right axilla. Suspected breast cancer.


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[User] Breast cancer treatment plan

The patient will continue to receive care from the appropriate specialists for their cancer diagnosis.


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[User] Breast cancer with bone metastases symptoms

The patient was admitted to our hospital with multiple bone and lung metastases.


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[User] Breastfeeding recommendations for COVID-19 patients

The patient and her husband decided to temporarily isolate with their newborn, and breastfeeding was suspended. The patient should consult with her healthcare provider before resuming breastfeeding.


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[User] Bridging therapy for warfarin

Warfarin was restarted on day 3 of hospitalization along with intravenous unfractionated heparin for bridging therapy. There were no further complications, and heparin was discontinued after a stable therapeutic INR (2.6) was achieved.


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[User] Brodie's abscess antibiotics

The antibiotic therapy was switched to rifampicin and trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole. After hematology stabilization, rifampicin and doxycycline were prescribed for 6 weeks.


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[User] Bronchial sleeve resection with partial mediastinal lymphadenectomy success rate

All lymph nodes were normal, and there is no recurrence to this date (one year).


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[User] Bronchial-esophageal-fistula treatment options

The patient was put on supportive therapy including nutritional support, respiratory function training, and anti-infection treatment. After her physical condition improved, surgical treatment was performed.


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[User] Bronchogenic cyst diagnosis and removal

CT scan revealed a complicated cystic lesion, which was found to be a bronchogenic cyst during the operation. Surgical intervention was deemed necessary, and the patient underwent an operation to remove the cyst.


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[User] Bronchogenic cyst symptoms after injury

The patient, a 23-year-old male, was admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain after an injury during a wrestling competition.


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[User] Bronchopneumonia symptoms in infants

The two-month-old male child was admitted with symptoms such as tachypnea, heart murmur, crying, lethargy, poor feeding, and no weight gain.


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[User] Bronchoscopic biopsy results

A bronchoscopic biopsy was performed, and the patient was diagnosed with epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC).


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[User] Bronchoscopic removal of casts procedure

During the hospital course, the patient required bronchoscopic removal of casts from the bronchial tree three times over ten days.


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[User] Brown syndrome symptoms

consistent eye deviation and abnormal head posture since infancy, upward drifting of the left eye


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[User] Brown-Sequard syndrome symptoms

Neurological evaluation revealed motor weakness and spasticity of the right side of the body and decreased pain and temperature sensation on the left side below the C5 dermatome.


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[User] Brucella melitensis symptoms

The patient presented with a 3-day history of fever, chills, epigastric pain, jaundice, and anorexia.


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[User] Brucellosis treatment duration

The patient was started on targeted antimicrobial therapy with intravenous gentamicin 5 mg/kg once daily for one week, in addition to oral doxycycline 100 mg twice daily and oral rifampicin 600 mg once daily for 24 weeks.


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[User] Brugada Syndrome family screening recommendations

Further family screening was not performed. The patient has no children.


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[User] Brugada syndrome diagnosis

The patient was diagnosed with Brugada syndrome, which may have been induced by gastrointestinal upset, low sodium levels, and metabolic abnormalities due to diabetic ketoacidosis.


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[User] Brugada syndrome symptoms

The patient presented to the Emergency Department after being found unresponsive by colleagues. He experienced cardiac arrest and was successfully resuscitated with return of spontaneous circulation.


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[User] Brunn's cyst symptoms

The patient presented with urinary hesitancy, increased urinary frequency, and urgency with a sense of incomplete voiding.


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[User] Brunn's cyst treatment options

The patient underwent transurethral de-roofing and resection of the cyst.


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[User] Budd-Chiari syndrome symptoms

The patient was a 51-year-old man who had end-stage liver disease due to Budd-Chiari syndrome.


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[User] Bulbar urethral stricture treatment

Retrograde urethrography revealed a bulbar urethral stricture, for which he is currently receiving care under urology.


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[User] Burkholderia cepacia infective endocarditis treatment duration

The patient was discharged after completion of six weeks of ceftazidime treatment. Oral ciprofloxacin was prescribed for 2 weeks as an outpatient treatment.


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[User] Burn Index calculation

The Burn Index was 32.75.


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[User] Burn care recommendations

Follow up with your primary care provider for evaluation of burns.


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[User] C. krusei infection treatment

Treatment with flucloxacillin and anidulafungin was initiated after a small abscess was punctured and cultured for C. krusei. Antimicrobial therapy was narrowed to anidulafungin and oral voriconazole after susceptibility testing. Therapy was adjusted to increase anidulafungin dose (300mg/day) and switch from liposomal amphotericin B to voriconazole.


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[User] C. parapsilosis treatment options

The patient was initiated on amphotericin B and fluconazole therapy and a surgical consultation at the University of Virginia was sought for her third episode of CPE. She was closely tracked on oral fluconazole at a dose of 800 mg every day from January 1999 until 2006.


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[User] C0-C1 joint osteoarthritis treatment options

Diagnostic imaging revealed severe osteoarthritic change and osteophytes of the C0-C1 joint. Laminectomy of the C1 posterior arch alone was performed without Occipitocervical Fixation, considering patient's old age.


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[User] C1 decompressive laminectomy complications

The patient was observed postoperatively and showed no immediate complications.


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[User] C1 decompressive laminectomy surgery procedure

The patient underwent awake fiber-optic endotracheal intubation and intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring, including somatosensory evoked and motor evoked potentials. A C1 decompressive laminectomy was performed under CT neuronavigation guidance, and lateral mass screws were placed at C1, bilateral C2 pars articularis screws, and C3 lateral mass screws.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] C1 posterior arch removal procedure

The patient underwent C1 posterior arch removal to fix cord compression, without craniospinal fixation due to the absence of instability in the C1-2 joint. Motor function improved to grade V in the arms and grade IV in the legs immediately following the procedure.


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[User] C2 Hangman's fracture type IIa symptoms

The patient presented with severe neck pain and decreased motor function in the right and left arms. Reflexes were diminished in both arms.


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[User] C5 fracture treatment options

The patient underwent an open reduction of C4 to C5 with posterior spinal fusion of C4 to C6.


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[User] C5-6 calcified disc herniation symptoms

The patient had been experiencing worsening neck pain and other related symptoms. She reported significant improvement in the myofascial pain component, with no numbness or tingling radiating to the arms, improvement in the range of motion of the neck and no pain medication use within six weeks post-surgery.


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[User] C6-T2 myelopathy treatment options

The dog was treated with cyclosporine and prednisone for presumptive immune-mediated myelitis, with no change in clinical status observed at the 1-week recheck examination.


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[User] CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1 elevated levels

Laboratory investigations revealed elevated levels of CA 125 and CYFRA 21-1.


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[User] CA 15-3 level in breast cancer

The patient's CA 15-3 levels were detected to be raised on 4th October 2018 at 33 weeks and 3 days of gestation. However, after delivery, her CA 15-3 level was also normalized.


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[User] CA-125 levels in ovarian cancer

Tests for tumor markers showed an increased cancer antigen-125 level (CA-125, serum 663.3 U/mL and pleural effusion > 1000 U/mL, normal value < 35 U/mL).


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[User] CA-199 tumor marker normal range

Serum levels of CA-199 were elevated, while CEA, CA-125, and CA-724 were normal.


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[User] CA19-9 levels diagnosis

Further examination revealed slightly elevated CA19-9 levels and high liver enzyme levels.


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[User] CABG procedure for Coarctation of the Aorta

The patient underwent CABG (Saphenous vein graft to the right coronary artery, obtuse marginal branches, and left anterior descending artery), along with the 22-mm Dacron graft (Hemashield) graft which was anastomosed between the arcus and descending aorta using the same technique.


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[User] CACNA1S gene mutation treatment

The patient was treated with intravenous fluid therapy and electrolytes without dextrose, followed by oral acetazolamide administration. The patient’s symptoms resolved after intravenous potassium replacement therapy.


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[User] CACNA1S-related disorder genetic testing for family members

Maternal genetic testing was negative for the mutation, and the mother and tested siblings did not carry the mutation.


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[User] CACNA1S-related disorder symptoms

The patient was admitted to the emergency room for bilateral weakness that involved both proximal and distal muscles of both the upper and lower limbs. He reported experiencing three similar episodes, with the first occurring approximately two years ago. On physical examination, the patient also demonstrated flaccid paralysis with power grade 0 in all extremities and slightly diminished deep tendon reflexes.


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[User] CADM symptoms

The patient presented with an incomplete reticulated erythema overlying the acral surfaces, bilateral eyelids, and patellar surface in addition to thin violaceous plaques on the metacarpophalangeal joints.


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[User] CAEBV symptoms

The patient was admitted to the Immunology Clinic with a productive cough, fever, and general weakness.


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[User] CAH and MGD diagnosis

Suspicion for coexisting CAH and MGD reported in the state newborn screen and a 17-hydroxyprogesterone was 2,800 ng/dL.


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[User] CAMN107G2301 trial treatment outcomes

In January 2010, the patient was diagnosed with multiple liver metastases and underwent CAMN107G2301 trial treatment. In July 2011, treatment was stopped due to a mild increase in size of hepatic lesions leading to the imatinib dose escalation to 800 mg/day.


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[User] CAMT diagnosis symptoms

The patient presented with pallor, several ecchymoses, and mild nasal bleeding. CBC revealed a marked pancytopenia, including anemia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia.


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[User] CAMT genetic testing

The patient was diagnosed with CAMT based on the c-MPL gene's homozygous mutation. HLA typing was carried out for the patient, his parents, and his brother, but they were not a match.


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[User] CAMT prognosis and follow-up

The patient should be monitored for any recurrence of thrombocytopenia and potential complications. Routine follow-up evaluations should be scheduled, including CBC and blood chemistry testing.


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[User] CAMT treatment options

Supportive therapy, including irradiated platelets and leukoreduced packed RBCs, was instituted while waiting for an HLA-compatible donor. The patient subsequently underwent HSCT from a matched, unrelated donor's stem cells at the age of 2.5 years.


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[User] CAPD catheter salvage procedure follow-up care

At 9-month follow-up, the patient is comfortable with CAPD 3 exchanges/day, with no further episodes of peritonitis.


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[User] CAPD-associated H. capsulatum peritonitis symptoms

The patient presented with abdominal discomfort and high-grade fever.


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[User] CAPTEM side effects

CAPTEM was tolerated well.


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[User] CAR T-cell therapy complications

The patient experienced complications during lymphodepletion, including infections and CRS grade I which was treated with tocilizumab. The patient then developed grade IV ICANS which required high-dose corticosteroids and ICU transfer.


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[User] CAR T-cell therapy outcomes

After CAR T-cell therapy, the patient showed partial response according to Lugano and Lyric criteria as evidenced by CT staging performed at day 36, with significant myelotoxicity and sustained transfusion dependency.


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[User] CAR-T cell transfusion procedure

During December 19–21, she was conditioned with a lymphodepleting chemotherapy regimen consisting of fludarabine (25 mg/m2) and cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg). Then, 4 × 106 cells/kg CAR-T CD22 and 2.8 × 106 cells/kg CAR-T CD19 were transfused on December 23 and 24, respectively.


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[User] CAR-T cell treatment for multiple myeloma side effects

The patient experienced grade 1 cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) and became febrile for four days. Pancytopenia was observed, but the patient did not experience any central nervous system (CNS) toxicities.


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[User] CARASAL syndrome and hearing loss

Pure tone audiometry revealed sensorineural hearing loss with a “cookie-bite” profile most marked for midfrequencies, and auditory evoked brainstem responses at 6 kHz showed delayed wave V.


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[User] CARASAL syndrome symptoms

The patient presented with a 5-year history of deteriorating concentration and behavioral disinhibition, alternating right or left-sided facial pain of fluctuating intensity, prominent, nonpositional vertigo, difficulty following conversations in noisy environments, hyperacusis, tinnitus, and hoarseness.


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[User] CARASAL syndrome treatment

The patient was managed and treated under the care of the multidisciplinary team and was provided with appropriate support and care to manage her symptoms.


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[User] CBCT examination results

The patient underwent a CBCT examination to visualize the exact morphology of the tooth, followed by a surgical procedure under a microscope to gain access to the invaginated canal, and determine working length.


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[User] CBCT imaging diagnostic features of IIRR

With the expanded view obtained using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), an intracanal lesion and periradicular lucency were noted, suggesting a communication of the pulpal space with the outer periradicular area.


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[User] CBCT scan results after dens in dente treatment

A CBCT scan of the maxilla taken showed no signs of complications.


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[User] CBD lymphoma symptoms

The patient presented with a four-week history of vague, generalized abdominal discomfort and progressive jaundice. He complained of pruritus and dark urine, although he showed no weight loss, febrile sensation, or chills. Physical examination revealed jaundice with icteric sclera.


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[User] CCA treatment options

She was treated with a PED (4.0×25 mm) deployment for a large CCA on the right side.


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[User] CCD patient follow-up care

The patient was discharged in stable condition with follow-up appointments suggested for optimal dental health.


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[User] CCDC88C gene variant treatment implications

The patient was diagnosed with pure hereditary spastic paraplegia, which was caused by a heterozygous variant in the CCDC88C gene. The variant was likely a de novo variant, and its pathogenicity was corroborated by functional studies.


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[User] CCH treatment options

Intravitreal bevacizumab (1.25 mg) injection was used as the primary treatment, followed by a second injection with conventional laser photocoagulation.


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[User] CCHF diagnosis and treatment protocol

The patient was diagnosed with Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). The patient was administered oral Ribavirin as per World Health Organisation (WHO)'s recommendation.


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[User] CCHF virus diagnosis in pregnancy

She had a negative RT-PCR for CCHF virus.


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[User] CCS concomitant with MDS treatment options

The patient was treated with prednisolone (PSL) for four weeks. Despite increasing the dose of PSL, no clinical response was noted. The patient was then treated with CyA orally, which resulted in the improvement of symptoms and laboratory values.


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[User] CD (PCV type) diagnosis symptoms

The patient, a 41-year-old female, presented to the hospital with a history of chest pain and was diagnosed with a mediastinal mass. HPE and IHC were suggestive of CD (PCV type).


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[User] CD4 count and viral load after treatment

A repeat CD4 count was 133 (15%) cells/µl and his viral load was 77,700 copies/ml.


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[User] CD8+ lymphocytes treatment

Treatment with efavirenz, emtricitabine, and tenofovir was initiated in April 2009.


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[User] CDH1 gene mutation symptoms

Pre-operative CT scanning revealed a mirrored anatomy, which is a characteristic of Situs Inversus Totalis. Histopathological assessment of the operative specimen demonstrated grade 3 poorly cohesive signet ring cells within the gastric fundus and no metastases to lymph nodes (pT1aN0M0, Stage IA as per American Joint Committee on Cancer, 8th edition).


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[User] CECT scan results

Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the thorax showed a peripherally enhancing hypodense collection in the subcutaneous plane, caries of sternum with a few calcified lymph nodes in the paratracheal region.


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[User] CEM cement treatment for IIRR

The treatment plan included cleaning the canal space and filling it with CEM cement... The canal was prepared with rotary instruments and filled with CH paste to dissolve the hyperemic resorptive tissue, and later filled with CEM cement after two weeks.


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[User] CF exacerbation symptoms

She presented with complaints of increased fatigue and feeling “more winded”, as well as increased sputum and sinus secretions.


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[User] CF exacerbation treatment plan

Her CF exacerbation was also treated with albuterol and hypertonic saline nebulization, Advair, and Orkambi daily along with aggressive pulmonary rehabilitation.


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[User] CF-related diabetes mellitus diagnosis

At age 18 years, he was diagnosed with CF-related diabetes mellitus requiring insulin.


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[User] CGD treatment and management

The patient was discharged on sulfamethoxazole and itraconazole prophylaxis for CGD and showed sustained improvement in follow-up visits. No further treatment was required at the time of discharge.


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[User] CGH array results interpretation

CGH array results revealed a microdeletion of 1q21.1-1q21.2 splice minimally involving  9 genes including PRKAB2, FMO5, CDH1L, BCL9, ACP6, GJA5, GJA8, GPR89B, and NBPF11. This deletion is reported as causative for the 1q21 recurrent microdeletion syndrome.


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[User] CHARGE syndrome symptoms

The patient had a genetic diagnosis of CHARGE syndrome since the age of 12 years, and his major characteristics included bilateral coloboma of the retina and optic nerve, and abnormalities of the external, middle, and inner ear. He had cranial nerve dysfunction, which manifested in hearing and swallowing problems, but did not have facial palsy. He had heart defects that included tetralogy of Fallot and a ventral septal defect, as well as a cleft lip and cleft palate. Additionally, the patient experienced genital hypoplasia, growth deficiency, developmental delay, and distinct CHARGE syndrome facial features. Furthermore, he experienced blindness, deafness, and was non-verbal.


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[User] CHB diagnosis criteria

Liver biopsy revealed hepatitis activity index of 5 and fibrosis score of 3, leading to the diagnosis of CHB.


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[User] CHIKV-related arthritis diagnosis criteria

She was diagnosed with CHIKV-related arthritis as tests showed she was positive for CHIKV IgM and CHIKV-polyvalent-antibody.


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[User] CHIKV-related arthritis treatment

She was given empirical antibiotics, and her fever subsided and hepatic enzymes started to improve.


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[User] CHOP chemotherapy for primary renal non-Hodgkin lymphoma

The patient underwent CHOP chemotherapy, which resulted in regression of the tumor by approximately 70%. A nephrectomy was performed, which involved complete lymph node dissection and dissection of the retroperitoneal mass.


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[User] CHOP chemotherapy side effects

The patient developed erythema and edema on the skin of the head after the second course of chemotherapy, which was attributed to radiation recall dermatitis.


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[User] CIDP follow-up care plan

Follow up with a neurologist for CIDP management. Follow up with a psychiatrist for depression management. Continue the treatment regimen.


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[User] CIDP symptoms in females

The patient presented to the Outpatient Department of Psychiatry with complaints of pain in palm and sole region, difficulty in holding a bucket, and inability to move few steps.


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[User] CIK immunotherapy adverse reactions

The patient developed fever during the first cycle of CIK cells infusion, but the fever subsided without antibiotic treatment. No other adverse reactions were observed.


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[User] CJD diagnosis criteria

MRI revealed increased signal intensity in the basal ganglia on DWI and FLAIR sequences. The EEG showed generalized periodic sharp wave complexes and slow background activity. CSF protein 14-3-3 and CSF tau amount were both elevated.


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[User] CJD post-mortem confirmation

Autopsy was performed. Her brain was sent to NPDPSC, which detected PrPSc and confirmed the diagnosis of CJD.


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[User] CJD treatment with quinacrine outcome

Despite treatment with quinacrine, the patient's condition progressed to akinetic mutism, and he passed away 11 months after the onset of symptoms.


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[User] CK7 and TTF-1 positivity diagnosis

Immunohistochemical staining revealed CK7 and TTF-1 positivity, suggestive of lung or thyroid cancer.


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[User] CKD stage 3 treatment options

The initial treatment consisted of intense fluid replacement, to which intravenous furosemide was added 24 hours later and maintained for five days. Teriparatide, calcium, and vitamin D supplements were discontinued.


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[User] CKD treatment plan


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[User] CLA supplement liver damage symptoms

The patient started using CLA supplements a week prior to hospitalization. She was diagnosed with acute hepatitis and CLA supplements were discontinued.


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[User] CLA supplement toxicity diagnosis

A liver biopsy revealed an increase in sinusoidal macrophages and lymphocytes in the lobules. The patient was diagnosed with acute hepatitis and CLA supplements were discontinued.


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[User] CLL treatment plan

The patient was transitioned to oral cyclophosphamide 75 mg daily as well as obinutuzumab (CD-20 directed cytolytic antibody) 1000 mg monthly infusion as the treatment for his CLL. Rituximab was deemed ineffective and discontinued.


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[User] CMG evaluation for incontinence

CMG revealed good bladder capacity with stable bladder and VLPP of <20 cmH2O suggestive of ISD.


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[User] CML and skin lesions relationship

The patient is identified as a 36-year-old male with a history of CML. ... The patient reported a history of being treated with medication for CML.


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[User] CML blast crisis karyotype analysis

Karyotype analysis revealed 45,XX,der(4)t(9;22)(q34;q11)t(4:9)(p16;q22),7,der(9)del(9)(p22)t(4;9),der(22)t(9;22) (), and a mutational analysis revealed the presence of T315I and E255K mutations.


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[User] CML diagnosis criteria

The cytology report listed a possibility of leukemia, and a hematologic workup was advised to rule out CML. Further laboratory tests showed normocytic normochromic anemia with occasional normoblast. The peripheral blood smear indicated the presence of myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, band cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils.


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[User] CML diagnostic testing

Based on diagnostic testing that identified the presence of Philadelphia chromosome, he was diagnosed with CML and started on cytoreduction with hydroxyurea.


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[User] CML in BC symptoms

New onset of intermittent fever and easy bruising. A 22-year-old female with CML in CP presented with new onset of intermittent fever and easy bruising approximately four years after initiation of imatinib treatment.


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[User] CML symptoms

The patient was admitted with complaints of fatigue and unexplained weight loss.


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[User] CML treatment options

Patient had received imatinib treatment for 96 months and had been in major molecular remission (MMR) for more than 80 months. Later, the hematologist suggested administering dasatinib in addition to interferon-α (IFN-α).


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[User] CML treatment with pruritus

The patient developed pruritus and erythema of the skin, which improved with the administration of systemic antihistamines and topical clobetasol propionate. However, the pruritus reappeared after resuming imatinib mesylate therapy, prompting its discontinuation.


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[User] CMUP treatment options

Given the extent of the skin lesions, clinical features of pain, bleeding and smelliness, as well as the absence of any indications for systemic chemotherapy, the patient underwent electrochemotherapy.


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[User] CMV colitis treatment

The patient was administered intravenous ganciclovir along with the immunosuppressant and steroid treatment for SLE.


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[User] CMV infection treatment

He was found to be positive for CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM) and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies, indicating hepatitis, which may be due to acute CMV infection.


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[User] CMV pneumonia diagnosis

However, after 72 hours of treatment, the fever persisted, and the patient underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy. There was no endobronchial lesion found, and PCR for tuberculosis and pneumocystis jirovecii was negative. Yet, the PCR for cytomegalovirus (CMV) was positive.


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[User] CMV pneumonitis symptoms

He was intubated and mechanically ventilated with SIMV/pressure support mode, FiO2 0.4, and PEEP of 12 cmH2O to maintain oxygen saturation of 95%. His chest X-ray showed bilateral airspace disease that was suggestive of CMV pneumonitis.


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[User] CMV retinitis treatment options

The patient received initial treatment with twice-weekly intravitreal ganciclovir injections, which led to a resolution in retinitis lesions. The patient was subsequently shifted to oral valganciclovir after the induction phase and then maintained on once daily dose of 900 mg of oral valganciclovir for 3 months.


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[User] CMV-positive hypertensive anterior uveitis treatment

The patient was treated with topical 0.15% ganciclovir gel and dexamethasone drops, which showed a successful clinical response.


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[User] CNNM4 c.706C > T diagnosis

The patient was diagnosed with CNNM4 c.706C > T (p.Arg236Trp) variant following a 581 gene panel from Molecular Vision Lab (MVL Panel v1), with both copies inherited from the parents.


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[User] CNS involvement of DLBCL treatment options

Referral to oncology for CNS involvement of DLBCL (patient declined further chemotherapy treatment).


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[User] CNT treatment for rectal cancer

After exhausting other options, the patient's symptoms were treated with CNT. Following two treatments, there was a dramatic improvement in the patient's pain management and numbness of the lower extremities.


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[User] CNV treatment options

A diagnosis of ICNV was made, and the patient was treated with an intravitreal injection of 1.25 mg bevacizumab.


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[User] CNVM diagnostic criteria

Optical coherence tomography of the left eye revealed a CNVM with retinal thickening and subretinal fluid. Fundus fluorescein angiography of the left eye showed no obvious leakage in the early phase, faint hyperfluorescence in the mid phase, and intense hyperfluorescence with leakage in the late phase.


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[User] CNVM recurrence prevention

The patient was maintained on methotrexate 10 mg weekly and has been under regular follow-up for the last 9 months without any recurrence of uveitis or CNVM.


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[User] CNVM symptoms

The patient presented with distortion of vision noted since 8 days in OS.


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[User] CNVM treatment options

The dose of oral methotrexate was elevated to 10 mg/week, and intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF (ranibizumab) was administered in the left eye.


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[User] CO2 embolism treatment options

Interventions were initiated to stabilize the patient's condition. The surgical team completed endoscopic vein harvesting with the patient successfully stabilized.


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[User] COPD stages

The patient was admitted for a routine visit related to COPD (GOLD stage 1) and an annual X-ray examination.


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[User] COVID-19 and Legionella pneumonia treatment

Treatment consisted of dexamethasone, remdesivir, azithromycin, and ceftriaxone.


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[User] COVID-19 and respiratory complications

This patient was admitted with COVID-19 disease and subsequently developed respiratory complications. Despite attempts at management, the patient continued to decline and her condition worsened, ultimately leading to her passing.


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[User] COVID-19 and tendinitis relationship

Discharge Diagnosis: Tendinitis, likely caused by a reaction to COVID-19.


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[User] COVID-19 associated ARDS symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath, chest congestion, fever, headache, sore throat, and a positive nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.


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[User] COVID-19 coinfection treatment plan

The patient was closely monitored in the ICU. Laboratory test results showed a gradual atypical lymphocytosis, but there were no signs of active bleeding.


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[User] COVID-19 complications

The CT scan showed pulmonary edema, and echocardiography revealed left ventricular dysfunction and right ventricular enlargement.


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[User] COVID-19 complications in elderly patients

The patient developed sepsis that led to these complications. The patient's death occurred due to respiratory and renal system disorders which complicated his condition due to sepsis and electrolyte imbalance.


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[User] COVID-19 cytokine storm symptoms

He was diagnosed with COVID-19 and later developed progressive pancytopenia and cytokine storm caused by severe COVID-19.


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[User] COVID-19 diagnosis criteria

Initial laboratory investigation revealed a decreased leukocyte count, normal neutrophil ratio, and increased monocyte ratio. Chest CT images showed a small solitary ground-glass nodule. The sputum tested positive for 2019-nCoV nucleic acid.


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[User] COVID-19 diagnosis in infants

However, after a CT scan... The COVID-19 test was repeated, and the nasopharyngeal swab became positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA.


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[User] COVID-19 diagnosis methods

The patient underwent a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for COVID-19, which confirmed a positive result.


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[User] COVID-19 diagnosis test

On February 9, the patient's pharyngeal swab COVID-19 nucleic acid test performed was positive.


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[User] COVID-19 diagnostic procedures

A nasopharyngeal swab was performed, and the patient tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.


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[User] COVID-19 disease treatment with Remdesivir

The patient initially required 4 l of oxygen via nasal cannula and was started on corticosteroids, antibiotics, and received Remdesivir (within a clinical trial).


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[User] COVID-19 exposure symptoms in infants

Fever and cough in the setting of COVID-19 exposure.