[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] Anti-tuberculous therapy side effects in HIV patients

Ofloxacin was discontinued in August 2009, and the patient was advised to continue REZ for another 6 months.


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[User] Autoimmune hepatitis symptoms

The patient was admitted with complaints of fatigue, progressive jaundice, weight loss of 10 kg, and mild epigastric and right upper quadrant abdominal pain over a period of two months.


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[User] Awake craniotomy complications

Immediately postoperatively, the patient developed mutism and right-sided paresis which persisted at 3-year follow-up.


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[User] CBCT radiolucency symptoms

The patient had a swelling in the upper right tooth region and reported issues with his voice and headaches.


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[User] Chemotherapy plan for neuroendocrine tumor

She was started on chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide, which was switched to irinotecan after a severe allergic reaction... After a second opinion and definitive diagnosis around four months after the start of initial chemotherapy, the patient was switched to lanreotide and a chemotherapy combination of Capecitabine and Temozolomide (CAPTEM).


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[User] Claudication left leg symptoms

intermittent claudication of the left leg


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[User] Effectiveness of pedal artery angioplasty

Following this procedure, the patient's blood flow improved significantly and his rest pain disappeared permanently.


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[User] Elective caesarean section procedure in high-risk twin pregnancies

At 36 weeks of gestation, an elective caesarean section was performed due to malposition of the first twin as per the hospital protocol.


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[User] FOLLOW UP care plan for patient with history of tuberculosis, colon cancer with colostomy, and peritonitis

The patient was given a follow-up at maxillofacial, clinical medicine, Infectious Diseases, and nutrition outpatient offices.


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[User] GVHD prophylaxis regimen

The patient was administered cyclosporine, methotrexate, rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin, basiliximab, and mycophenolic acid as GVHD prophylaxis.


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[User] Gingival Fibromatosis symptoms

The patient presented with a chief complaint of gingival swellings in the posterior region of the upper and lower jaws. Clinical examination revealed bilateral, firm gingival enlargements involving the maxillary and mandibular gingiva.


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[User] Gingival recession treatment options

The patient was informed of treatment options for root coverage and signed a consent form. However, the patient was not willing to undergo a subepithelial CTG, and therefore, it was determined that a CAF with amnion membrane would be the best treatment option considering the presence of multiple recession defects.


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[User] Mesh removal procedure post-operative care

The patient underwent a mesh removal procedure, which included ileocecal resection and partial cystectomy. A temporary cystostomy was established, and 2 g/day cefmetazole sodium was administered to treat epididymitis. Throughout the hospital course, the patient experienced postoperative wound infection, which subsequently improved with drainage. The cystostomy was closed on postoperative day 11, and after confirming the disappearance of the abscess cavity, our patient was discharged on postoperative day 38.


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[User] NDPH symptoms and treatment

The patient was admitted to the hospital with severe headache, dizziness, and nausea. The headache was constant and throbbing, affecting both the periorbital and temporal areas. The symptoms were exacerbated by head movement and lasted about 4-5 hours, occurring every other day.


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[User] Orbital mass histology

Histology of the fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) was consistent with a moderately differentiated, mucin-producing adenocarcinoma.


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[User] Organic amnesic syndrome symptoms

The patient persists antero/retrograde amnesia, confabulation, and emotional lability and impulsivity. He had labile affect, unprovoked anger outburst, reduced flow of speech, and impaired immediate, recent, and remote memory.


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[User] POP-Q staging system

The initial examination showed a vaginal prolapse with a POP-Q stage III.


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[User] Patient's main complaint

The patient had an asymptomatic right lateral neck mass.


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[User] Patient's main complaint upon admission

The patient was admitted to our dental clinic complaining of severe pain and an unhealed extraction socket in the lower right second molar area.


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[User] Patient's outcome after treatment

He improved symptomatically over the course of his stay, and at the time of discharge, his impending gangrene was not progressing and sloughing had begun. On follow-up, his impending gangrene was still improving, and he was able to return to his normal daily activities.


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[User] ROLE OF leukocytosis and amylase levels in diagnosing pancreatitis and AAC

Blood tests revealed leukocytosis and elevated levels of amylase, indicating acute pancreatitis and AAC.


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[User] SRC and Takotsubo's syndrome diagnosis procedure

The electrocardiogram (ECG) showed ST-segment myocardial elevation in V1-V3 with diffuse T-wave inversions, and the troponin I levels were significantly elevated. The bedside two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiogram (2D-TTE) revealed severe apical 'ballooning' with an estimated ejection fraction of 20%-25%. The patient then proceeded to an urgent coronary angiography, which revealed angiographically normal coronary arteries.


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[User] SVC obstruction symptoms

The patient was admitted with signs of superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction with facial swelling, chest wall dilation, and abdominal wall dilation.


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[User] Signs of SVC syndrome due to mediastinum lymph node metastasis

Physical examination showed palpable cervical nodes, and CT scan revealed the critical stenosis of SVC due to the recurrent mediastinum LNM.


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[User] Splenic cyst symptoms

The patient presented with a history of worsening and progressive left upper quadrant pain over the last 2 years.


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[User] Steven-Johnson syndrome treatment

The patient was treated with tab cetirizine, injection cefixime, tab paracetamol and topical emollients. The patient was advised to stop the ayurvedic medication.


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[User] Symptoms of acute fatty liver of pregnancy

The patient was admitted with a 2-week history of high-grade fever and jaundice following a lower section caesarean section. She had started experiencing icterus 1-week prior to the surgery without any viral prodrome or offending drug intake.


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[User] Symptoms of osteoradionecrosis of the jaw


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[User] Treatment duration for Rickettsial Typhi

The patient was initiated on doxycycline for 15 days.


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[User] abdominal pain causes

The patient presented to the emergency department with an acute abdominal pain of unknown origin.


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[User] aggresssive blood pressure control treatment

The patient was started on nicardipine drip for aggressive blood pressure control and later switched to oral anti-hypertensive medications, including carvedilol, hydralazine, isosorbide dinitrate, and diltiazem.


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[User] cpt tumor resection

The patient underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which revealed a giant (40 mm diameter) enhancing CPA tumor that was compressing the brainstem. The patient was referred for neurosurgical evaluation, and the tumor was subsequently resected via a right retrosigmoid approach.


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[User] duplicate collecting system with two separate renal pelvises and ureters complications

Computed tomography scan of the kidney, ureter, and bladder revealed a duplicate collecting system with two separate renal pelvises and ureters in the right kidney.


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[User] erotomania delusions treatment

He also exhibited some homicidal ideation and inappropriate behavior around female patients. His medications were readjusted, and he was cross-tapered from olanzapine to haloperidol and then to aripiprazole.


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[User] mediastinal mass treatment options

The patient was treated with steroids for 3 months.


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[User] primitive neuroectodermal tumor treatment

The patient underwent radiotherapy (20 Gy) treatment and multiagent chemotherapy, including cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and vincristine (CAV) following the generation of a definite diagnosis.


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[User] treatment for congenital myasthenic syndrome in dogs

Congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) was suspected, and pyridostigmine bromide was initiated. Despite treatment attempts, the patient showed no significant improvement in its clinical signs of weakness and fell ill due to cholinergic overdose, resulting in euthanasia due to poor quality of life.


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[User] .patient treatment plan after discharge

The patient is advised to follow up with their primary care physician to monitor their diabetes and overall health.


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[User] 11-ß-hydroxilase deficiency treatment options

The patient was treated with 5 mg hydrocortisone, three times a day, for 4 months to reduce the levels of testosterone and DHEA.


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[User] 11β-OHD symptoms

Patient 2 was diagnosed with 11β-OHD at a neonatal age. Surgical correction was done to address the virilization of the external genitalia, after which she showed normal blood pressure levels.


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[User] 16 cm x 14 cm cystic hepatic lesion

Further work-up showed elevated liver enzymes and a 16 cm x 14 cm cystic hepatic lesion on MRI, consistent with a simple cyst.


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[User] 18F-FDG PET/CT scan results for HLH

An 18F-FDG PET/CT scan was done, which showed multiple bilateral lymph nodes with an enhanced metabolism.


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[User] 18FDG-PET/CT test results for lymphoma

The 18FDG-PET/CT test indicated a treatment response with residual focal uptake in the left mesentery.


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[User] 1q21 recurrent microdeletion syndrome symptoms

Probands #1 and #2 presented with significant and consistent delays in cognitive function, language and sensorimotor development.


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[User] 2/6 systolic murmur diagnosis

A 2/6 systolic murmur was observed. Cardiology follow-up was also advised to evaluate the 2/6 systolic murmur.


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[User] 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy complications

The patient showed improvement postoperatively with a reperfused retina and a smaller embolus.


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[User] 3-year-old girl intermittent abdominal pain fever

The patient, a 3-year-old girl, was admitted to the hospital with complaints of intermittent abdominal pain for 1 month and a fever for 2 weeks.


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[User] 45,X mosaicism symptoms

Physical examination of the patient revealed short stature, multiple nevi on the face, breast V, pubic hair I, and axillary hair I. Sex hormone levels revealed elevated FSH, low AMH, and decreased AFC, which suggested DOR. Ultrasound showed small ovaries, and the patient had markers of Turner syndrome (TS).


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[User] 6-month follow-up results for RGNT patient

The patient was seen in clinic at 3- and 6-months follow-up postsurgery. He had complete resolution of his headaches and remained neurologically intact without any deficits. His 6-month postoperative MRI showed stable to slightly decreased size of residual tumor with minimal enhancement, markedly decreased from prior.


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[User] 68Ga-PSMA PET-CT scan results

The 68Ga-PSMA PET-CT showed no skeletal metastases in the pelvis or any other bones.


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[User] 7q21.13q22.1 deletion syndrome treatment

The child underwent PDA ligation surgery and was treated with oxygen supplementation, blood transfusion, and antibiotics due to repeated respiratory failure and infections.


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[User] 89Sr therapy for prostate cancer

Following eight consecutive treatments of 89Sr over three years, the patient's pain decreased considerably, and his mobility improved. The lesions on the left side of the fourth sacral vertebra had almost vanished, and the range of the pelvic lesions was significantly reduced. After treatment, angiogenesis throughout the bone and a new osteosclerotic response at lytic lesions were identified.


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[User] 99mTc-MDP bone scan results

A 99mTc-MDP bone scan was performed for skeletal metastasis survey, which revealed absent tracer uptake in the head of right femur, suggesting necrosis. Furthermore, the scan showed intense diffuse hepatic uptake and multiple foci in bilateral lungs suggestive of metastasis.


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[User] A 2-year-old male child with progressive lower limb weakness and urinary retention symptoms

The patient was admitted with a 3 month history of progressive lower limb weakness and urinary retention. Physical examination revealed a skin dimple with hair and paraparesis with exaggerated knee and ankle reflex, and sensory level at T6.


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[User] A1 pulley release procedure

The middle finger was operated and A1 pulley was released, but the triggering finger was not resolved successfully.


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[User] AATD treatment options

The patient stopped smoking and was administered AAT therapy at the standard dose.


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[User] AAU follow-up care

She was discharged from the hospital on January 10, 2019, and advised to follow up with the ophthalmologist regularly for routine eye examinations.


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[User] ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft complications

However, nine months after the surgery, the patient reported pain at the aperture of the tibial tunnel, which was found to be a cyst around the tibial screw. The screw was removed with curettage of the tibial tunnel, and although the femoral cortical button was observed to be no longer fixed against the femoral cortex on a 9-month postoperative MRI, no symptoms were reported, and no additional procedure was done.


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[User] ACL reconstruction with meniscal repair recovery time

The patient showed positive results in the follow-up, with no nonhealing or recurrent meniscal tear and was cleared for a return to sports at nine months postoperative.


[System] Find the positive answer of the given query:

[User] ACL tear treatment options

Conservative treatment was recommended for the ACL tear with hinged knee brace, physical therapy, modified activities, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.


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[User] ACTH-independent Cushing's syndrome symptoms

The patient was admitted with overt Cushingoid clinical features, hypertension, hypokalemia, and evidence of gestational diabetes mellitus at 28 weeks gestational age (GA).


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[User] ACoA aneurysm symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital with sudden headache and a thick subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cistern and a hemorrhage on the left frontal lobe and both lateral ventricles.


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[User] ACoA aneurysm treatment options

Endovascular surgeons were reluctant from coiling because of wide neck of the aneurysm. Operation was performed via anterior interhemispheric approach.


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[User] ADHD predominantly inattentive subtype symptoms

No specific symptoms of ADHD are described in the note.


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[User] AGC diagnosis procedure

Tests, including a cytology diagnosis, were conducted by the specialist.


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[User] AHBSO surgery post-operative care plan

The patient is advised to continue regular check-ups and follow-up with her physician.


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[User] AICD lead migration symptoms

She had previously suffered from two inappropriate shocks in December 2015 and March 2016, attributed to atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular rate. The AICD interrogation on admission revealed loss of right ventricular lead capture due to lead migration, and a subsequent chest x-ray confirmed that the lead had migrated to the right atrium.


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[User] AICD replacement procedure complications

The patient underwent replacement of the AICD. She was subsequently discharged from the hospital in stable condition.


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[User] AIN lesion symptoms

The patient was admitted for suspicion of AIN lesion due to total paralysis of the right thumb's FPL. The patient presented with similar symptoms in his left arm 6 years after the right-sided episode, which was suspected to be an AIN lesion, but resolved on its own 15 months after onset.


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[User] AL Amyloid Myopathy symptoms

The patient presented with pain, numbness, and tingling in both upper and lower legs.


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[User] AL Amyloid Myopathy treatment options

The patient was administered bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone. After four courses of VRD, high-dose melphalan administration followed by autologous peripheral blood SCT was performed.


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[User] AL Amyloidosis diagnosis

A 56-year-old male presented to the hospital with asymptomatic hypoalbuminemia which was detected 2 years ago during routine screening. He was subsequently diagnosed with AL Amyloidosis (Stage I) and a concurrent low-grade B-cell neoplasm on bone marrow.


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[User] AL Amyloidosis diagnosis procedure

The patient underwent a fat pad aspiration biopsy, which was negative for amyloid by Congo Red Staining. As her refractory condition, ECG and TTE data was suggestive of amyloid disease, she underwent endomyocardial biopsy which revealed AL Amyloidosis with kappa and lambda light chain deposits, and stains for iron and amyloid AA were negative.


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[User] AL Amyloidosis treatment options

The patient was treated with diuretics, monopril, metoprolol (later changed to carvedilol for better blood pressure control), and digoxin. However, there was little subjective or objective improvement in her condition with this treatment, and the digoxin was stopped on the 5th hospital day when the suspicion for amyloidosis was high.


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[User] AL amyloidosis symptoms

The patient was admitted with a 2-month history of increased urinary frequency, progressively worsening exertional dyspnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and peripheral edema. He also had constitutional symptoms, including generalized weakness, fatigue, and poor appetite, along with weight loss.


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[User] ALCAPA treatment options

The patient underwent left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to LAD graft surgery to improve her condition. Medications were given to help stabilize the patient's heart function and optimize cardiac output.


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[User] ALCL diagnostic procedures

CT-guided biopsy of soft tissue lesions around the thoracic spine, which revealed ALCL. Further tests showed that the patient had ALK-positive ALCL with prominent bone involvement.


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[User] ALCL symptoms

The patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of waist pain and low-grade fever that had persisted for 8 months. Physical examination revealed the presence of lymphadenopathy in the neck and hepatosplenomegaly.


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[User] ALDH7A1 gene mutation symptoms

The patient experienced her first afebrile generalized tonic-clonic seizure at the age of 3.5 months, and later presented with status epilepticus at the ages of 5 and 7 months. She has been seizure-free on pyridoxine therapy since her diagnosis was confirmed by direct Sanger sequencing of ALDH7A1 at the age of 11 months.


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[User] ALHE treatment options

The patient was started on intralesional prednisolone twice a month and topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment twice daily, which seemed to slightly control the lesion’s growth, causing a limited regression in size after 4 months of treatment.


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[User] ALK rearrangement symptoms

The patient was subsequently diagnosed with an ALK rearrangement by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and treated with pemetrexed maintenance.


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[User] ALK+ ALCL symptoms in 11-year-old girls

The symptoms of this patient include fever, dyspnea, and impending respiratory failure. Additionally, several nodular lesions on the abdomen and an enlarged nodular lesion over the right shoulder were observed.


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[User] ALK+ ALCL treatment options

Treatment involved chemotherapy with several alternating regimens. The patient received intravenous dexamethasone and cyclophosphamide, and intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone.


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[User] ALL diagnosis criteria

Further diagnostic tests revealed precursor B-cell ALL, which was treated with the Dana-Farber chemotherapy protocol. The peripheral blood smear showed increased polychromasia, poikilocytosis, occasional teardrop cells, mature neutrophils, roughly 20% circulating blasts, and rare giant platelets.


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[User] ALL treatment protocol

The patient was closely monitored and treated with standard protocols for ALL. Medications were administered as directed by the treating physician and modifications were made as necessary based on clinical response to therapy.


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[User] ALMS1 gene mutations diagnosis

Genetic testing identified two heterozygous variants in the ALMS1 gene.


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[User] ALMS1 gene mutations symptoms

The patient was admitted with symptoms of short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, photophobia, nystagmus, and cone-rod dystrophy. Additional symptoms included progressive blindness, bilateral hearing loss, diabetes, and obesity.


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[User] ALPE treatment plan

The patient was advised to avoid elite-level anaerobic exercise to prevent recurrence, and he subsequently ended his elite-level sports career.


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[User] ALPPS procedure liver regeneration outcome

The patient's liver volume increased by 85% after 11 days of stage-one surgery and the last laboratory examination showed minimal elevation of liver enzymes.


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[User] ALPS syndrome antibiotics

The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit and started on vancomycin and piperacellin/tazobactam antibiotics.


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[User] ALPS syndrome symptoms

The patient presented to the hospital with a two-day history of shortness of breath, cough, fever, chills, confusion, and altered mental status.


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[User] ALS diagnosis criteria

The patient's MR scans presented typical patterns of aged ALS patients, which included expanded ventricles, ischemic periventricular white matter, wider subarachnoid spaces and basal cisternae, subcortical white matter gliosis, and generalized cortical atrophy.


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[User] ALS motor neuron degeneration symptoms

The patient was admitted to [HOSPITAL NAME] with symptoms of dysarthria and scarce physical ability. Case 5 was diagnosed with ALS, a neurological disorder that affects the motor neurons that control movement.


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[User] ALT flap procedure steps

A super-thin ALT flap measuring 16×5 cm2 was used to cover the defect. On postoperative day 20, a necrotic area of 17% was noted on the distal part of the flap, which was promptly debrided.


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[User] ALT-flap procedure complications

The wound was closed with a free ALT-flap, which was anastomosed to the temporal artery and vein of the left side. The postoperative period was uneventful, but the patient developed a small lymphatic fistula with little wound dehiscence at the donor site.


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[User] AMD treatment with ranibizumab

The patient began treatment with ranibizumab in February 2011, which resulted in an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) to 32/14 mm Hg after six injections.


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[User] AML M-4 treatment options

He received induction chemotherapy with daunorubicin and cytarabine (3+7), and during his hospital course, he developed febrile neutropenia but eventually resolved on Day 21.


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[User] AML diagnosis procedure

A diagnostic and therapeutic thoracentesis was performed due to a large free flowing left pleural effusion. The biochemical analysis established an exudative etiology with cytopathology and bone marrow biopsy confirming the diagnosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with Trisomy 21 karyotypic abnormality, with intermediate to unfavorable cytogenetic prognosis.


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[User] AML symptoms in 10-year-old girl

The patient presented with excessive bruising and an initial CBC revealed leukocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia.


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[User] AML treatment with MLL gene rearrangement

The patient was treated with the Children’s Oncology Group AAML1031 Arm A regimen and achieved negative minimal residual disease.


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[User] AML with extramedullary localization symptoms

A 74-year-old male with known history of type II diabetes and previous ischemic heart disease was admitted to the emergency room of the hospital with complaints of severe asthenia and nasal bleeding.


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[User] AN treatment options

She underwent CBT, DBT, art and yoga therapy, and individual and family therapy during her 50-day hospital stay.


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[User] ANA positive and anti-SS-A antibodies diagnosis

A laboratory test showed low serum complement levels, ANA positive, slightly elevated anti-ds-DNA antibodies, and elevated anti-SS-A, anti-SS-B antibody, and MPO-ANCA levels. However, the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome could not be made due to lack of labial salivary gland biopsy results.


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[User] ANBP symptoms

The patient had a history of anorexia nervosa, which was diagnosed at the age of 13 years. Although her weight returned to normal with treatment at a local clinic, she soon developed a habit of binge eating and self-induced vomiting. At the age of 19 years, the patient started using a garden hose as a purging tool, which resulted in a sudden weight loss and imbalanced blood potassium levels.


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[User] ANBP treatment options

The patient was treated with behavioral therapy during hospitalization and was gradually able to improve her eating habits. The care team also determined a way to prevent her from buying and using hoses.


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[User] ANCA antibodies in Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis diagnosis

The patient was positive for PR3-ANCA antibodies, and nasal cultures were positive for Staphylococcus sp. Based on clinical presentation, upper and lower respiratory tract involvement, typical lung changes on CT, and presence of cANCA antibodies, Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (GPA) was diagnosed.


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[User] ANCA-associated focal and segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis symptoms

Further investigations revealed speech difficulties, weakness, and pain in her legs along with diminished knee reflexes. The laboratory values showed increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and ANCA positivity. Urinary dipstick was positive for protein, blood, and nitrites.


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[User] ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis treatment

The patient was treated for his nephrotic syndrome and other symptoms. The patient's renal biopsy revealed ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (mixed class) with MN-lesions.


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[User] ANCA-associated vasculitis diagnosis criteria

A possibility of pulmonary renal syndrome; ANCA-associated vasculitis was kept, and the patient received hemodialysis, intravenous metyhl prednisone pulse, plasmapheresis and injection cyclophosphamide. Laboratory investigations showed that the patient had a perinuclear pattern of ANCA (pANCA, +++) and myeloperoxidase antibodies (pANCA, Euroimmun Kit).


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[User] ANCA-negative vasculitis symptoms

He reported a pinpoint pruritic rash affecting his lower limbs that responded only to oral steroids. Physical examination revealed splinter hemorrhages, and a distal infarction on the tip of the left ring finger, and reduced capillary filling in all digits of the left upper limb.


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[User] AOSD diagnosis criteria

Based on his clinical features and lab evaluations, a diagnosis of AOSD was made with a high level of ferritin and mild hepatosplenomegaly.


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[User] AOSD symptoms and diagnosis

The patient was admitted to the hospital with symptoms of fever, sore throat, general malaise, and polyarthralgia. She had cervical lymphadenopathy, a salmon-colored rash on the torso and extremities, and bilateral tenderness of the shoulder, elbow, and ankle joints. Laboratory data showed elevated white blood cell count, C-reactive protein levels, and ferritin levels, and elevated liver enzyme levels. She was diagnosed with AOSD.


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[User] APDS2 syndrome symptoms

P8 was admitted with chronic rhinitis, severe RTI, purulent conjunctivitis, flares of fever of unknown origin, occasional head and neck lymphadenopathy, and non-infectious diarrhea.


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[User] APL diagnosis criteria

FISH analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis showed atypical PML/RARα fusion signal and major PML/RARα transcript with three type breakpoints.


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[User] APL differentiation syndrome treatment

The patient developed symptoms of APL differentiation syndrome, which were controlled by the administration of dexamethasone.


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[User] ARDS development and treatment timeline

On the third day of admission, the patient developed dyspnea and tachypnea, and was transferred to the Intensive Care Unit. A chest X-ray revealed bilateral non-homogenous opacities consistent with ARDS and ABG analysis showed decreased oxygen saturation. The patient showed significant improvement on chest X-ray on Day 5 of intensive care, and the assisted ventilation was removed on Day 7.


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[User] ARDS management

Continuous nasal cannula support at 2 L/min + Intravenous dexamethasone 6mg daily + Antibiotic prophylaxis for management of COVID-19 infection. Positive end-expiratory pressure set to approximately 8-10 cmH2O for ARDS management.


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[User] ARDS symptoms COVID-19

The patient was admitted to the hospital with a two-day history of fever and acute dyspnea with severe respiratory distress. Laboratory test results indicated pancytopenia, increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein.


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[User] ARDS symptoms after travel to China

The patient presented to the physician with fever and myalgias after returning from Guangzhou, China. ARDS was diagnosed after a rapid influenza test returned negative.


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[User] ARDS symptoms and treatment

The patient was classified as having moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and was managed with high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) before being intubated due to an altered mental state.


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[User] ARDS treatment and ventilation

The patient was treated with non-invasive positive pressure ventilation and quinine to support his respiration function, respectively.


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[User] ARDS treatment options

The patient was treated with short-term and low-dose methylprednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin and low molecular weight heparin was given for DVT. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were empirically used.


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[User] ARDS treatment options for malignancy patients

No specific treatment was given, and the oncologist’s opinion was that no chemotherapy or biological agents could improve the patient’s symptoms, given his very poor prognosis.


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[User] ARDS treatment plan

We started intravenous normal saline with CVP monitoring and dopamine. Later, the patient developed worsening of respiratory symptoms, and we initiated intubation and mechanical ventilation.


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[User] ARDS treatment plan COVID-19

Empiric antimicrobial treatment with vancomycin, meropenem, and levofloxacin was initiated, along with amphotericin B therapy, and high flow oxygen supplementation (FiO2 100%) was provided. Antimicrobial therapy was subsequently de-escalated, and lopinavir-ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine therapy was initiated.


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[User] ARDS treatment protocol

Upon evaluation, the patient was started on lung-protective ventilation as per ARDS protocol.


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[User] ARDS treatment with methylprednisolone pulse therapy

Methylprednisolone pulse therapy was initiated on postoperative day 10. His respiratory condition improved dramatically, and he was weaned from the ventilator on postoperative day 14.


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[User] ARVD and regional RV wall motion abnormalities treatment

During the hospital stay, the patient was closely monitored and provided with appropriate care and management. As per the hospital protocol, continuous cardiac monitoring was carried out, and the patient's vital signs and cardiac function were carefully evaluated.


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[User] AS treatment options

Hydrocortisone replacement therapy was initiated, and the vomiting was alleviated.


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[User] ASCT complications

She developed an invasive mixed fungal infection and persistent pancytopenia after undergoing salvage chemotherapy and ASCT.


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[User] ASD Occluder procedure complications

There were no immediate complications mentioned in the note.


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[User] ASD closure post-operative care plan

The patient was discharged and maintained follow-up visits for evaluation of device function and leakage.


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[User] ASPECTS score interpretation

ASPECTS score was 7.


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[User] ATRA and idarubicin treatment outcomes

The patient was treated with ATRA in combination with idarubicin and achieved complete remission. The patient received consolidation and maintenance chemotherapies.


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[User] AVF removal and distal bypass procedure complications

The patient was given 5,000 units of intravenous heparin in total and monitored by activated clotting time (ACT) testing: 150–200. The distal bypass procedure was successful, and angiography showed an improvement in palmar arch blood circulation.


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[User] AVM grade and symptoms

A Spetzler-Martin grade 2 AVM located in the right temporal lobe. The patient presented with an atypical headache for several months.


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[User] AVM surgery techniques

The patient underwent surgery via frontotemporal craniotomy. Intraoperatively, a large anteromedial draining vein ruptured but was successfully coagulated.


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[User] Abdelazim and AbuFaza technique complications

Myomectomy was performed using Abdelazim and AbuFaza technique for temporary bilateral uterine occlusion. The procedure was carried out without complications.


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[User] Abdominal CT scan findings for gastrointestinal condition

Abdominal CT scan revealed dilation of the colon with fecalization of small bowel suggestive of low-grade obstruction/ileus. There was also associated significant portal venous gas consistent with severe bowel mucosal injury.


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[User] Abdominal CT scan results

An abdominal CT scan did not reveal any intra-abdominal pathology. A postoperative CT scan demonstrated a reduction in ventricular size.


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[User] Abdominal TB diagnosis procedure

Although the specimen returned negative for acid-fast bacilli, a repeat scan 10 days later after antibiotics detected a tiny volume of free fluid, with no identifiable collection. Histology revealed fibrinous exudates over the serosal surface of both resected jejunal specimens, with lymphoid aggregates and occasional granulomas. This, in context with the presentation, was suggestive of abdominal TB.


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[User] Abdominal TB symptoms

The patient presented with complaints of generalized abdominal pain, vomiting and absolute constipation that had developed over several months. The symptoms were accompanied by night sweats, weight loss, malaise and reduced appetite, which started shortly after the patient returned from a trip to India.


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[User] Abdominal X-ray findings

Abdominal X-ray showed air-fluid levels of small bowel.


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[User] Abdominal aortic aneurysm repair complications

The patient developed postoperative bleeding and was suspected of having colonic ischaemia, and returned to theatre. The patient's recovery was slow, complicated by dehiscence of the rectal stump.


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[User] Abdominal bloating causes

The patient was admitted with a history of abdominal bloating.


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[User] Abdominal compartment syndrome causes

Retroperitoneal extravasation of the irrigation fluid leading to abdominal compartment syndrome was diagnosed.


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[User] Abdominal compartment syndrome treatment

Percutaneous peritoneal drainage was performed to relieve the intra-abdominal pressure. The patient's level of consciousness and oxygenation improved dramatically after the drainage.


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[User] Abdominal computed tomography results

Abdominal computed tomography showed a cystic lesion measuring 8 × 4 × 7 cm, which extended along the third part of the duodenum in the retroperitoneum. The lumen of the third part of the duodenum was completely obscured.


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[User] Abdominal discomfort causes in young adults

The patient presented with a 4-weeks history of increasing abdominal pain. He denied any accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea or any other associated symptoms.


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[User] Abdominal discomfort diagnosis

A soft, nontender pulsatile abdominal mass was discovered in the right lower quadrant... Further, a CT angiography revealed a fusiform aneurysm at the level of the distal abdominal aorta and iliac arteries measuring up to 8.0 x 8.5 cm in the greatest transverse dimension, complicated by a spontaneous arteriovenous fistula between the right iliac artery and the left iliac vein.


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[User] Abdominal distension physical examination findings

Upon examination, the patient's abdomen was found to be distended and non-tender on palpation. There were no signs of guarding or rebound tenderness. Upon percussion, the abdomen was found to be non-tympanic.


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[User] Abdominal distention treatment options

The patient was placed on a nil per os (NPO) diet, laxatives were discontinued, and erythromycin was started. A rectal tube was placed for decompression and a barium enema was performed to rule out a mechanical obstruction.


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[User] Abdominal examination results

The patient was well built and abdominal examination was unremarkable.


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[User] Abdominal injuries from falls

The patient is a 64-year-old man who was admitted to our trauma center after falling down from a height of 4 meters. At presentation, the patient complained of severe abdominal pain.


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[User] Abdominal mass diagnosis and treatment

Imaging tests revealed a large liver mass in the left lobe of the liver, which was in favor of HCC, and no distant metastasis. The patient underwent hepatectomy with extensive lymph node dissection, reconstruction of the bile duct, and autotransplantation of the liver.


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[User] Abdominal mass diagnostic testing

Abdominal ultrasound revealed an abdominal mass with the characteristic ‘target sign’ of an ileocecal intussusception in the right lower quadrant.


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[User] Abdominal mass treatment options

The patient underwent surgery for resection of the mass and repair of a perforated anterior duodenal ulcer.


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[User] Abdominal migraine and pancreatitis relation

He had a history of abdominal migraine and had been admitted to his own community hospital on five occasions in the last three months with similar symptoms.


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[User] Abdominal pain and bleeding per rectum complications

Further examination using a rigid proctoscopy confirmed bloody mucosal tissue without any clear source of hemorrhage. Laboratory values were unremarkable and abdominal films revealed a small bowel obstructive pattern with a paucity of identifiable gas in the colon.


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[User] Abdominal pain and nausea treatment options

The patient underwent emergent operative exploration, during which sigmoid colon resection and end colostomy was performed.


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[User] Abdominal pain causes

The patient presented with multiple episodes of vomiting and diarrhea over two days. Blood tests revealed mild leukocytosis and mild anemia, with normal platelet count.


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[User] Abdominal pain causes after eating raw anchovies

The patient presented to the hospital with abdominal pain lasting for 3 days. Upon admission, he reported eating raw anchovies 4 days prior to admission. The patient reported epigastric and periumbilical tenderness but no rebound tenderness.


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[User] Abdominal pain causes in malaria

The patient was admitted with a one-week history of fever and upper abdominal pain. He had a white blood cell count of 8870/ml, C-reactive protein level of 11.43 mg/dl, platelet count of 57000/ml, total bilirubin level of 1.8 mg/dl, AST level of 83 IU/L, ALT level of 181 IU/L, alkaline phosphatase level of 249 IU/L, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase level of 70 IU/L.


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[User] Abdominal pain causes in rectal cancer patients

The patient, a 74-year-old male with a history of rectal cancer, liver metastasis, and peritoneal dissemination, presented to our hospital with abdominal pain and fever.


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[User] Abdominal pain causes lymphangioma

The patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of mild to moderate right lower abdominal pain. Upon physical examination, right lower quadrant tenderness was observed.


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[User] Abdominal pain diagnosis

Admitting Diagnosis: Abdominal pain. The patient was admitted with sudden onset of diffuse abdominal pain and a history of malrotation with subsequent volvulus, small bowel resection, carcinoid tumor of the stomach, multiple gastric ulcers, and a tubular adenoma of the colon.


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[User] Abdominal pain in hepatosplenomegaly

The patient was admitted with complaints of abdominal pain and was diagnosed with hepatosplenomegaly.


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[User] Abdominal pain symptoms

The patient presented with intermittent episodes of pain in the right upper abdomen and epigastrium for one month. The pain was worse after eating food and was associated with nausea.


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[User] Abdominal pain symptoms at presentation

The patient presented to the emergency department with a four-day history of yellow-colored diarrhea, followed by vomiting, and periumbilical cramping abdominal pain.


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[User] Abdominal pain symptoms in 17-year-old females

The patient presented to the pediatric emergency department with abdominal pain of six days duration. She reported nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and diffuse abdominal discomfort with distention.


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[User] Abdominal pain treatment options

The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and was found to have multiple masses on the jejunal mesentery, the largest measuring 15 cm × 14 cm with adherence to jejunal serosa, but not invading the mucosa.


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[User] Abdominal pregnancy diagnosis symptoms

The patient had normal hemodynamic state, but mild pallor. Her abdomen was distended, and the fetal parts were palpated under the maternal abdominal wall, with difficulty in specifying the presentation.


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[User] Abdominal pregnancy surgery post-operative care

The postoperative follow-up was simple. The patient received a blood transfusion.


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[User] Abdominal pregnancy treatment options surgical procedures

An emergency laparotomy was then indicated for suspicion of abdominal pregnancy or uterine rupture. A left total salpingectomy removing in the same time the placenta was performed.


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[User] Abdominal ultrasonography findings

Abdominal ultrasonography showed severe gastric distension with a big cystic mass in the upper abdomen.


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[User] Abdominal wall defect vs segmental herpes zoster abdominal paralysis

Ultrasonography revealed no abdominal wall defect or mass, indicating no abdominal hernia. A final diagnosis of segmental herpes zoster abdominal paralysis, a motor complication of Herpes zoster, was given by the dermatologist.


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[User] Abdominal wall mass treatment options

A wide local excision of the mass was performed. The lesion was resected along the outer edge of the lesion and did not enter the abdominal cavity.


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[User] Abnormal EEG findings in migraine patients

The EEG indicated generalized paroxysmal epileptiform activity during the maximal headache episode.


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[User] Abnormal Pap smear management

The patient underwent abdominal hysterectomy due to persistently abnormal Pap smears with difficult colposcopy, revealing a uterus bicornis unicollis with no endometrial tissue or lumen identified in fused portion and separate cornua of the uterus.


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[User] Abnormal liver function test results

He was found to have abnormal liver function and abdominal sonogram revealed abnormal hepatic echotexture, suggestive of cirrhosis with features of portal hypertension.


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[User] Abnormal oral glucose tolerance test results for GH

An oral glucose tolerance test was performed, and the patient's GH was successfully suppressed to less than 0.1 ng/mL.


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[User] Absence seizure EEG findings

A short-term video EEG was performed that showed normal background rhythm and multiple absence seizures characterized by abrupt onset of generalized SW discharges lasting for 10-30s. Hyperventilation precipitated absences.


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[User] Acalculous cholecystitis symptoms

The patient was admitted with worsening abdominal pain, watery diarrhea, nausea, and fever.


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[User] Acantholytic variant of Bowen's disease diagnosis

The biopsy revealed a diagnosis of Bowen's disease-acantholytic variant (squamous cell carcinoma in-situ), for which the patient underwent wide surgical excision of the lesion.


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[User] Accessory pathway-induced dysynchrony symptoms in children

The patient was admitted due to a suspicion of accessory pathway-induced dysynchrony which possibly caused LV dysfunction.


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[User] Achalasia treatment options

The patient underwent surgical correction of achalasia with a laparoscopic Heller myotomy and Dor fundoplication and was discharged home tolerating full feeds by mouth without emesis.


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[User] Achondroplasia airway risks

Preoperative evaluation revealed a Mallampati IV airway with a short neck, small maxillary overbite, and mild scoliotic cervical spine suggestive of atlantoaxial instability.


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[User] Achondroplasia treatment options

The patient was also diagnosed with achondroplasia and was advised to seek appropriate consultation for management.


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[User] Acinetobacter baumannii infection symptoms in burn patients

Hospital-acquired infection due to Acinetobacter baumannii strains 554S and 554L. The patient was isolated with a burn injury.


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[User] Acquired Hemophilia A treatment options

A trial dose of porcine recombinant FVIII (rFVIII) was given, which initiated a robust response. The patient received an additional bolus of FVIII at postoperative hour 30 and was given rituximab and prednisolone to eliminate the FVIII inhibitor.


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[User] Acquired von Willebrand syndrome symptoms

The patient had a history of excessive bleeding following minor trauma and elective surgical procedures, as well as episodes of spontaneous epistaxis.


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[User] Acromegaly symptoms

The patient is a 47-year-old female who presented to the hospital with a two-year history of blurred vision.


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[User] Actinic keratosis on the eyelid symptoms

The 63-year-old, Caucasian male patient presented to the outpatients' clinic with a crusty, bleeding, right upper eyelid lesion.


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[User] Actinic keratosis treatment options

The patient was treated with a surgical excisional biopsy of the eyelid margin and tarsal conjunctiva under local anaesthetic.


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[User] Actinidia arguta allergy symptoms

The patient reported well-demarcated eruptions on the wrist and perioral lesions after consuming boiled hardy kiwi leaves. Open oral food provocation tests and skin tests were conducted after four weeks, which revealed that prick-to-prick tests with cooked hardy kiwi leaves and fresh green kiwi fruits were positive. An open oral food provocation test was performed with 200 g of boiled hardy kiwi leaves, which triggered mild oral itching and throat tightness.


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[User] Actinidia arguta skin test results

Open oral food provocation tests and skin tests were conducted after four weeks, which revealed that prick-to-prick tests with cooked hardy kiwi leaves and fresh green kiwi fruits were positive.


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[User] Actinidia arguta treatment plan

No medications were prescribed for the patient. The patient was advised to avoid exposure to Actinidia arguta (hardy kiwi) and its leaves.


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[User] Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia symptoms

The patient presented with fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. The patient’s condition deteriorated as her respiratory difficulty increased. On physical examination, the patient had cyanotic lips, bilateral crackles on chest auscultation, and was in mild respiratory distress.


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[User] Acute Liver Failure symptoms

The patient presented with 3 weeks of fatigue and jaundice.


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[User] Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia symptoms

The patient was admitted with chief complaints of fever, pallor, abdominal pain, headache, bone pain and weight loss. On examination, high-grade fever and cachexia were found along with tenderness on touching extremities and skull.


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[User] Acute Myeloid Leukemia symptoms

The patient was admitted with complaints of fever, weakness, and easy fatiguability for a month. Physical examination showed pallor, hepatomegaly, and lymphadenopathy.


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[User] Acute Myeloid Leukemia symptoms and diagnosis

Upon admission, the patient had a WBC count of 5500/µL with Blast 15.0%, Hb of 7.0 g/dL, and Plt count of 27,000/µL.


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[User] Acute Myeloid Leukemia treatment options

The patient was treated with Idarubicin and Cytarabine for AML, and due to no significant response to therapy despite another round of chemotherapy with Mitoxantrone, Etoposide and Cytarabine, palliative care was provided.


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[User] Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia treatment options

The patient was treated with All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with arsenic trioxide (ATO) followed by cytarabine (Ara-C) and daunorubicin (DNR)-based induction chemotherapy.


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[User] Acute abdomen symptoms

On admission to the internal medicine clinic, she was diagnosed with acute abdominal pain, urinary retention, and high white blood cell count and CRP levels.


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[User] Acute anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction symptoms

Upon presentation, the patient had angina chest pain without fever, a sore throat, dyspnea, cough, and myalgia.


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[User] Acute anterior wall myocardial infarction treatment options

The patient received thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator. She was treated with atorvastatin 80 mg and ezetimibe 10 mg.


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[User] Acute behavioral disturbance symptoms

AB was admitted to the emergency department with bizarre behavior after a screaming outburst at a restaurant, expressing interest in self-harm.


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[User] Acute cerebral ischemia symptoms

The patient was admitted to our hospital with right hemiparesis and motor aphasia that was attributed to acute cerebral ischemia.


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[User] Acute cholecystitis diagnosis steps

The patient underwent ultrasonography, which revealed borderline gallbladder wall thickening. CT scan findings suggested acute cholecystitis with possible perforation.


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[User] Acute compartment syndrome treatment options

The patient was treated with antibiotics for possible cellulitis. Despite the treatment, the symptoms did not improve, and a Doppler ultrasound examination was performed to exclude deep venous thrombosis (DVT) but showed no remarkable findings.


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[User] Acute coronary syndrome symptoms in cancer patients

The patient, a 28-year-old female with metastatic thymic epithelial tumour (TET) and a history of rapidly progressive shortness of breath, was admitted with worsening anginal chest pain and diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome.


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[User] Acute coronary syndrome treatment

The patient was treated with revascularization and medications.


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[User] Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis symptoms

A 23-year-old man was admitted on March 14, 2012, with complaints of fever, headache, and vomiting. He had a history of cold symptoms, including fever, nasal congestion, and pharyngalgia. After admission, the patient lost consciousness and had a seizure.


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[User] Acute inferior myocardial infarction treatment options

PCI was successfully performed with the use of tirofibane in a weight-adjusted dose. The patient's clinical course post-procedure was uneventful.


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[User] Acute interstitial pneumonia due to dermatomyositis treatment plan

Based on suspected acute interstitial pneumonia due to dermatomyositis, high doses of immunosuppressive therapy and intravenous immunoglobulin were administered. Despite intensive treatment with multiple modalities including mechanical ventilation, continuous infusion of vasopressors, and continuous hemodiafiltration, the patient died of respiratory failure on the twelfth day after admission.


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[User] Acute ischemic stroke symptoms and diagnosis

The patient presented to the emergency department with sudden-onset left-sided weakness and sensory loss, neglect, and right gaze preference. Acute ischemic stroke was diagnosed, and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was assessed as 19.


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[User] Acute lymphoblastic leukemia diagnosis methods

Peripheral blood smear did not provide conclusive results, but bone marrow examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).


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[User] Acute lymphoblastic leukemia symptoms

exertional dyspnea, increasing abdominal girth, night sweats, subjective fevers, hemoptysis, and cardiac arrest


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[User] Acute multiple infarctions in the left MCA territory diagnosis

A brain MRI and angiography showed no occlusion or stenosis of the intracranial or extracranial arteries. RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.


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[User] Acute myeloblastic leukemia treatment

Induction chemotherapy was administered with the "3+7" scheme. During the second hospitalization, re-induction chemotherapy "3+7" was administered with the continuation of voriconazole treatment.


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[User] Acute myelomonocytic leukemia symptoms

The patient was admitted to the hospital due to a high-grade fever that has been present for two weeks.


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[User] Acute myocardial infarction symptoms

The patient was admitted to [name of hospital] on [admission date] complaining of sudden onset of acute retrosternal pain radiating to the left arm.


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[User] Acute myocardial infarction treatment options

The patient underwent urgent off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery with LIMA and SVGs due to his medical comorbidities.


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[User] Acute necrotizing hepatitis treatment options

The patient was transferred to a liver transplantation center on day 28 due to the severity of liver injury, which was evidenced by a higher INR, bilirubin, factor V, and lactic acidosis levels. The patient was listed for an urgent liver transplant and was treated with plasma exchanges.


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[User] Acute pyelonephritis complications

The patient exhibited a Type 1 Brugada pattern on an ECG, given the persisting vomiting and his history of autism, drugs contraindicated in Brugada syndrome were avoided, and he was closely monitored for any syncope or arrhythmias.


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[User] Acute respiratory arrest diagnosis

Acute respiratory arrest related to regional anesthesia


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[User] Acute respiratory distress syndrome and choriocarcinoma syndrome in cancer patients

The patient developed severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and was intubated shortly after the initiation of chemotherapy. Despite optimal ventilator support, the patient's respiratory status progressively worsened as he developed choriocarcinoma syndrome.


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[User] Acute stroke with carotid artery narrowing treatment

The patient received antithrombotic therapy with warfarin, with a target range of prothrombin time/international normalized ratio of 2.0-3.0.


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[User] Acute stroke with diffuse narrowing of internal carotid artery prognosis

The patient was discharged after three weeks and received antithrombotic therapy with warfarin, with a target range of prothrombin time/international normalized ratio of 2.0-3.0.


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[User] Acute transverse myelitis symptoms

The patient presented with progressive bilateral weakness and pain in the lower limbs for two weeks and inability to walk for four days. He had parasthesia in the lower limbs and loss of sphincteric functions (bladder and bowel).


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[User] Acute uremic neuropathy symptoms

The patient developed weakness over both lower limbs, which progressed gradually and led to complete weakness. The following day, the patient also reported paresthesia over both upper limbs associated with weakness. On examination, both the lower limbs were flaccid with zero power, and reflexes were absent in lower limbs bilaterally. Upper limbs were hypotonic, and there were vibratory and pressure sensory losses in lower limbs below the knee and patchy sensory loss in upper limb.


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[User] Acyclovir dosage for HSV-2

The patient was placed on a continuous suppressive oral acyclovir therapy regimen (400 mg twice daily), which reduced the frequency of his headaches to one to two attacks every 2–3 months, each lasting 1–3 days.


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[User] Adalimumab therapy for ocular inflammation

The patient was referred to rheumatology for alternative or additional systemic IMT and started on adalimumab therapy. Upon last follow-up, there was a mild improvement in ocular inflammation, normal IOP, and improved CMT (327 OD and 295 OS).


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[User] Adenocarcinoma of the intestinal mass pathology

Pathology confirmed moderately to poorly differentiated mucinous adenocarcinoma with full thickness involvement of the colonic wall and serosa as well as lymphovascular invasion.


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[User] Adenocarcinoma of the stomach treatment options

The patient underwent total gastrectomy and completed a course of adjuvant therapy consisting of concurrent chemoradiation with capecitabin.


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[User] Adenocarcinoma prognosis after VATS left upper lobectomy

The final pathology showed a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma without any involvement of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes, measuring 28 mm in its maximal dimension.


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[User] Adenocarcinoma symptoms

The patient was admitted to our tertiary hospital in December 2016 with a recent, progressive gluteal swelling associated with chronic lower back pain.


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[User] Adenocarcinoma treatment options

The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin. She received irinotecan and cisplatin chemotherapy and her disease was shown to be stable. In December 2011, she was switched to erlotinib monotherapy, 150 mg once daily.


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[User] Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma recurrence rate

The patient remained in good health after 25 months of follow-up, with no evidence of local recurrence.


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[User] Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea diagnosis

The clinical impression was adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea.


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[User] Adenoid cystic carcinoma symptoms

A final histodiagnosis of ACC ex PA was rendered.


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[User] Adjustment problems symptoms in young adults

The patient was admitted to the Department of Psychiatry with a 4-year history of pain in abdomen, pain during urination, and multiple skin lesions distributed symmetrically in her left hand, arm, neck, abdomen, and tongue. She was diagnosed with adjustment problems, severe conflicts in family and interpersonal areas, somatic symptoms, anxiety, and depressive features.


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[User] Adjustments made to the patient's treatment regimen

A decision was made to give teriparatide via a continuous subcutaneous pump. With the use of continuous subcutaneous infusion, we observed a 17.5% dose reduction in daily 1-34 PTH and improvement in calcium and phosphorus levels.


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[User] Adjustments to treatment plan during hospitalization

The medication was adjusted, piribedil was discontinued, and venlafaxine was eventually replaced by bupropion, which proved to be more tolerable.


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[User] Adjuvant chemotherapy protocol details

The patient also received three cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on Day 1 and etoposide 100 mg/m2 on Days 1 to 3 (every three-weekly cycle). At present, the patient is on the adjuvant chemotherapy protocol and is planned for three more cycles.


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[User] Adrenal enlargement after medical treatment

After 2 months, her symptoms were relieved, and bilateral adrenal enlargement decreased.


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[User] Adrenal insufficiency symptoms after tumor resection

The patient was admitted to the hospital in August 2018 with complaints of headache, anorexia, and weight loss. MRI revealed extra-sellar disease progression with evidence of dural metastases.


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[User] Adrenalectomy procedure details

The patient underwent right laparoscopic adrenalectomy with removal of a well-defined mass.


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[User] Adrenocortical carcinoma symptoms

The patient complained of progressive dyspnea and progressive generalized edema, and abdominal discomfort after eating and hirsutism; all started insidiously during the last year.


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[User] Adriamycin-bleomycin-vinblastine-dacarbazine side effects

Symptoms such as pruritus and pain were relieved after the first session, and the skin lesions decreased.


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[User] Adult T-cell Leukemia chemotherapy

In January 2019, the patient underwent multiagent chemotherapies and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.


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[User] Adult-Onset Still's Disease symptoms

The patient had been diagnosed with AOSD four years prior when she was admitted for symptoms of fever, rash, polyarthritis, neutrophilic leukocytosis, and hyperferritinemia. On admission, the patient had an acutely ill appearance with a confused mental status. Physical examination revealed various signs, including facial rash, icteric sclera, splenomegaly, purpuras over the limbs, and scabs of zoster on the left forearm.


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[User] Adult-onset Still's disease diagnosis

Serology was negative for rheumatoid factor (RF) and antinuclear antibodies (ANA), and the patient was found to have raised ferritin levels which fulfilled the Yamaguchi's criteria of Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD).


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[User] Adult-onset Still's disease symptoms

The patient presented to the clinic with a history of recurrent high fever, joint pain involving bilateral wrists, elbows, knees, small joints of hands, and generalized weakness for the past 3 months. The patient also had anemia, mild leukocytosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate.


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[User] Advanced primary hepatocellular carcinoma symptoms

The patient did not show any clinical signs or symptoms of recurrence during follow-up and is currently cancer-free.


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[User] Adverse effects of 89Sr therapy

The patient survived for four years with few serious side-effects.


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[User] Adverse events associated with crizotinib treatment

The patient's dose of oral crizotinib was reduced from 250 mg twice daily to 250 mg once daily due to crizotinib-related adverse events.


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[User] Adverse events from bevacizumab therapy

The patient has not reported any adverse events to date.


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[User] Adverse reactions of cabozantinib

The patient underwent three cycles of full dose cabozantinib with acceptable tolerance


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[User] African tick bite fever symptoms

The patient presented with a 3-week history of fever, breathlessness, weakness, headaches, and light-headedness. The patient also observed a large lesion on her left lower abdomen, which evolution resulted in an eschar. Over the next 2 weeks, several vesicular skin lesions emerged on her legs, arms, and abdomen.


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[User] African tick bite fever treatment

The patient was started on doxycycline 100 mg twice daily. However, on the third day of treatment, new skin lesions on both lower limbs were observed, along with fever, lassitude, and visual floaters. The therapy was switched to ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice daily, and the patient responded within 24 hours.


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[User] Alcoholic hepatitis treatment

The condition was managed supportively, and the liver enzymes normalized before discharge.


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[User] Alcoholic liver cirrhosis treatment

Routine laboratory tests revealed decreased liver function due to liver cirrhosis. The patient underwent an abdominal ultrasound examination immediately after hospital admission that detected liver cirrhosis with a moderate amount of ascites and an umbilical vein aneurysm.


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[User] Alkaptonuria complications

He had advanced AKU features, including bilateral ear and eye ochronosis, prostate stones, osteoporosis, mild aortic stenosis, ischemic heart disease, arthropathy, as well as spondylosis.


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[User] Alkaptonuria diagnosis criteria

Alkaptonuria was confirmed by the measurement of urine HGA.


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[User] Alkaptonuria symptoms

The patient had advanced AKU features, including bilateral ear and eye ochronosis, prostate stones, osteoporosis, mild aortic stenosis, ischemic heart disease, arthropathy, as well as spondylosis.


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[User] Alkaptonuria treatment medications

The patient was discharged on bisoprolol, aspirin, rosuvastatin, vitamin D, calcium carbonate, alendronate, and omeprazole.


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[User] Allergic reaction to diclofenac symptoms

The initial differential diagnosis included allergic reaction to the diclofenac, acute bleeding, hematoma, and acute compartment syndrome.


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[User] Allo-HSCT post-operative care plan

The patient underwent an Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (allo-HSCT) from an HLA-identical sibling and is now in molecular complete remission for NPM1 and BCR-ABL1, 12 months after allo-HSCT.


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[User] Allogeneic stem cell transplantation procedure complications

A matched unrelated allogeneic stem cell transplantation was performed after 4 weeks of recovery from surgery. At the Day 90 follow-up, the patient remained well engrafted and transfusion-independent, with a diploid 46 XX karyotype consistent with the normal female donor.


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[User] Allograft nephrectomy complications

The patient's recovery was uneventful, and he was discharged after 11 days.


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[User] Aloe vera allergy symptoms

The patient was admitted to our clinic with an acute eruption of numerous erythematous plaques that had appeared 2 weeks following oral intake of Aloe vera leaves. Physical examination revealed scaling plaques with prominence on the scalp, trunk and extremities.


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[User] Alopecia Areata treatment

The patient was administered 10 mg/ml triamcinolone acetonide intralesional injections on two occasions with partial improvement.


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[User] Alopecia Areata universalis nail symptoms

At clinical examination, the fingernails showed yellow – gray color, severe onycholysis, and nail bed hyperkeratosis.


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[User] Alopecia areata diagnosis symptoms

Physical examination revealed a solitary patch of nonscarring alopecia of size 2.5 cm × 4 cm with some regrowth of hairs.


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[User] Alopecia areata treatment options

Topical clobetasol solution, which was previously prescribed, was stopped and substituted with mometasone furoate with topical minoxidil 2% solution.


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[User] Alopecia diagnosis methods

Histopathological examination of a tissue taken from the affected area confirmed the diagnosis of Alopecia Areata (AA).


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[User] Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP): 9.7 ng/mL (Normal range: <9.6 ng/mL)


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[User] Alpha-fetoprotein levels in hepatoblastoma diagnosis

The patient's newborn check-up had uncovered a damaged liver, with a very high level of Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The patient's blood test results improved following surgery, with AFP levels decreasing from 6388.4 to 2176.4 ng/ml and then to 74 ng/ml and 44.4 ng/ml after one and two months, respectively.


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[User] Alport's syndrome symptoms

Given the hereditary hearing impairment, retinopathy, and renal failure, there was a possibility of Alport's syndrome. However, kidney biopsy revealed nodular glomerulosclerosis with congophilic deposits in mesangium and arterioles, which displayed apple-green birefringence on polarized light.


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[User] Alström syndrome symptoms

The patient presented with functional scoliosis due to Alström syndrome, as well as dilated cardiomyopathy, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, amblyopia, and hearing impairment.


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[User] Alteplase administration time and dosage

The patient was administered alteplase 95 minutes after the onset of her symptoms.


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[User] Alternative treatment options for septic thrombophlebitis in breastfeeding patients

Rivaroxaban was not an option as she was breastfeeding. Therefore, it was recommended to continue enoxaparin for at least three months, with outpatient follow-up with hematology.


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[User] Alternative treatments for unilateral masseter muscle hypertrophy

Nonsurgical options such as botox therapy and the advantages and disadvantages of both surgery and botox treatment were discussed with the patient during follow-up.


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[User] Alternative treatments for vismodegib side effects

She started smoking Medical Marijuana (MM) to address her muscle cramps. She experienced complete resolution of muscle spasms with MM.


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[User] Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma treatment options

The patient underwent a subtotal scapulectomy and the entire tumor was removed resulting in complete resolution of shoulder pain.


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[User] Alzheimer's disease complications

The patient passed away due to complications related to dementia.


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[User] Alzheimer's disease symptoms

The patient was admitted due to progressive executive dysfunction, behavioral symptoms, and memory decline for around 7 years. The patient's initial symptoms were that of progressive executive dysfunction by age 59, which was followed by symptoms of forgetfulness by age 62. The patient then experienced increased aggressiveness, poor personal hygiene, and disorientation.


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[User] Alzheimer's disease treatment options

It was recommended that the patient engage continuously with her caregiver for assisted living and support. She would follow up with her neurologist or physician to ensure that the disease was well managed.


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[User] Amlodipine dosage and effect

He was successfully able to control his high blood pressure with Amlodipine, 10mg/day. His blood pressure remained under control with Amlodipine, 10mg/day.


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[User] Amlodipine overdose symptoms

The patient was admitted with suicide attempt by ingestion of Amlodipine. On examination, the patient was conscious but lethargic, pale, with cold clammy extremities.


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[User] Amphotericin-B dosage for Leishmaniasis treatment

Amphotericin-B injection was prescribed at 1 mg/kg for the first day, increased to 5 mg/kg during one week. The last dose was continued until day 10.


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[User] Amyloid A amyloidosis treatment

Anakinra was introduced as a potential steroid sparing agent to control her pro-inflammatory process, due to its biological plausibility for both AA amyloidosis and IRIS and its rapid onset of action. Within three months of starting anakinra, there was an improvement in her malaise, widespread painful lymphadenopathy, and quality of life.


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[User] Amyloidosis symptoms

The patient is a 45-year-old asymptomatic female who was detected to be heterozygous during family screening for AFD (amyloidosis) disease, with an affected father.


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[User] Amyloidosis treatment plan

The patient underwent vitrectomy, which led to improvement in his vision. Conjunctival biopsy and vitreous material also showed evidence of amyloidosis.


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[User] Anal canal squamous cell carcinoma treatment

The patient was treated with chemoradiation therapy for anal canal squamous cell carcinoma.


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[User] Anal leiomyoma symptoms

The patient was asymptomatic with complete sphincter continence after surgical treatment.


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[User] Anal pain causes

Sudden onset severe anal pain.


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[User] Anal pain treatment options

Surgery was suggested.


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[User] Anal-preserving wide local excision post-operative care plan

The patient was advised to follow the current medication prescribed by the primary care physician and further advised to limit physical activity. Regular hygiene was recommended.


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[User] Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma symptoms

The patient presented to surgical emergency with profuse bleeding from a mass in the front of the neck. The mass, present since one and half years, had rapidly increased in size over two months and had started bleeding 2 h prior to hospitalization.


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[User] Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma treatment options

Treatment with combination of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) (60.8 Gy in 32 fractions over 21 days) and chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cisplatin) was begun 4 weeks postoperatively.


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[User] Anaplastic oligo-astrocytoma symptoms

The patient was admitted for left hemiparesis, which was later diagnosed as anaplastic oligo-astrocytoma with a right frontal enhanced mass.


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[User] Anaplastic oligo-astrocytoma treatment options

The patient underwent re-craniotomy and chemotherapy after recurrence. The BNCT treatment resulted in symptomatic psPD, which was successfully managed using BV treatment.


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[User] Anesthesia for esophageal foreign body extraction

The patient was induced with sulfentanyl and etomidate for anesthesia, followed by tracheal intubation with the use of cisatracurium and a video larygoscope. Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane.


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[User] Anesthesia management for patients with Rett syndrome

Total intravenous anesthesia was used to maintain the patient's anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil infusion. Tramadol 100mg was administered for analgesia.


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[User] Aneurysm of the basilar artery symptoms

3D-CTA on admission revealed an aneurysm on the basilar artery at the bifurcation of the left superior cerebellar artery, but not on the right lenticulostriate artery. However, after retrospective examination of initial CT, it was found that the aneurysm located at the right lenticulostriate artery was the cause of hemorrhage.


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[User] Aneurysmal Bone Cyst diagnosis criteria

Further endoscopic debridement was performed and MRI was reviewed to raise the possibility of an aneurysmal bone cyst. The patient underwent a third surgical procedure and the histopathology confirmed the diagnosis.


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[User] Aneurysmal Bone Cyst symptoms in children

Patient was admitted with a history of right eye pain, proptosis, and erythema. Ophthalmological assessment showed normal vision, bilaterally, but also proptosis-related ophthalmoplegia.


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[User] Aneurysmal bone cyst symptoms in the right iliac region

The patient was admitted with a complaint of large swelling over the right iliac region which was progressively increasing for a period of four months. The patient also had pain over the right hip region, which was dull aching, non-radiating, continuous, increased on walking, and associated with a limp.


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[User] Angioedema treatment

A diagnosis of Risperidone-associated angioedema was made, and the medication was discontinued for a week.


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[User] Angiosarcoma prognosis and life expectancy

The prognosis of angiosarcoma is very poor.


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[User] Angiosarcoma treatment plan

Despite treatment efforts, including prone positioning, the patient's condition continued to decline, and she passed away eight days after admission.


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[User] Ankylosing spondylitis symptoms bilateral femoral head necrosis

Physical examination upon admission revealed rigidity of neck and left hip joint.


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[User] Ankylosing spondylitis treatment options postoperative care

The patient was discharged from the hospital with postoperative care instructions including medication management, physical therapy, and close monitoring for possible complications.


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[User] Annular pancreas diagnosis methods

A radiograph of the stomach-duodenum revealed stenosis of the second part of the duodenum. The scan showed an annular pancreas encircling the duodenum.


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[User] Anorexia nervosa symptoms in adults

The patient was admitted to this hospital with a suspected diagnosis of anorexia. She had abstained from food for more than a week and had been hospitalized for malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, and depression four times in the preceding 6 months.


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[User] Anterior Communicating Artery aneurysm treatment options

Due to the wide-necked and bilobulated morphology of the aneurysm, the patient underwent surgical clipping of the aneurysm rather than coil embolization.


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[User] Anterior knee pain management

The patient presented with spontaneous bilateral patellar tendon rupture and ongoing anterior knee pain. After surgical management and inpatient physiotherapy, the patient was discharged and monitored in the fracture clinic for healthy healing.


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[User] Anterior mediastinal mass treatment options

The chest CT scan was requested to better characterize the lesion. This showed a poorly defined anterior mediastinal mass with cystic areas with large area of contact with the great vessels and infiltrating between the ascending aorta and main pulmonary artery.


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[User] Anterior midline glossotomy surgery risks

A temporary tracheotomy was performed as a precautionary measure due to the size and location of the tumor. The surgery was successful, and no complications were reported.


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[User] Anterior myocardial infarction diagnosis

The electrocardiogram revealed 3-mm ST-segment elevation in leads I, aVL, and V1-2, and further diagnostic workup confirmed anterior myocardial infarction.


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[User] Anterior wall infarction treatment options

After admission, the patient received loading dose of aspirin and clopidogrel bisulfate. A guidewire was successfully advanced across the occlusive lesion, and after repeated aspiration of the thrombus and intra-coronary injection of tirofiban and urokinase, TIMI blood flow reached level 3, leading to the resolution of the MI pattern. A coronary artery aneurysm was visualized in the last angiography.


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[User] Anterolateral paravertebral ossification symptoms

The patient was admitted to our hospital due to swallowing difficulty and hoarseness for the past three months.


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[User] Anterolateral paravertebral ossification treatment options

After conducting a cervical spine computed tomography (CT) and video esophagogram, the patient underwent surgery under general anesthesia. The procedure involved a transverse skin incision on the right side of his anterior neck along with the skin crease from midline to the lateral border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle at the level of the thyroid notch.


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[User] Anthrax treatment plan failure analysis

Despite treatment efforts, the patient did not respond to treatments and subsequently expired 9 hours after hospitalization.


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[User] Anti-LGI-1 antibody syndrome treatment

Treatment with methylprednisolone and intravenous human immunoglobulin (IVIg) was initiated.


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[User] Anti-NMDAR antibodies symptoms

The presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies in the serum and CSF clinched the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis (AE).


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[User] Anti-tuberculosis treatment in pregnancy

Anti-tuberculosis treatment (rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol) was initiated after the positive sputum smear microscopy at 27 weeks and one day of pregnancy.


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[User] Antibiotic regimen for Acinetobacter baumannii infection

The patient was treated empirically with amikacin and ceftazidime, which was later replaced with meropenem and piperacillin-tazobactam. From August 3 to August 11, the patient was treated with colistin.


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[User] Antibiotic treatment for cellulitis and DVT

The patient was treated with Clindamycin and Cefazolin. Antibiotics were changed to piperacillin tazobactam (Tazocin) and Vancomycin, and heparin was started for deep vein thrombosis.


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[User] Antibiotics used post-surgery

The patient received intravenous third-generation cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone Rocephine) for one week.


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[User] Anticoagulation therapy for hypercoagulable state

Anticoagulation therapy was indicated from elevated D-dimer levels. Aspirin was administered with a 325 mg loading dose followed by 81 mg per day until discharge.


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[User] Antifungal medication regimen for Candida albicans post-transplantation

Candida albicans was confirmed in multiple samples, and as such, the patient was aggressively treated with antifungal medication and monitored closely for the first three months post-transplantation.


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[User] Antimicrobial therapy duration for Y. pseudotuberculosis

The patient's fever and diarrhea subsided within 10 days of antimicrobial therapy, and his laboratory parameters returned to the reference range at discharge.


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[User] Antiphospholipid syndrome treatment guidelines

The patient was diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with cutaneous, hematologic and renal involvement.


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[User] Antitubercular therapy effectiveness

She received full course of antitubercular therapy (ATT) 3 years ago, but did not show any improvement in the symptomatology.


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[User] Antitubercular therapy regimen for tubercular appendicitis

The patient was started on a nine-month antitubercular therapy regimen that included isonizid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for two months followed by isonizid, rifampicin, and ethambutol for seven months.


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[User] Anxiety treatment in pediatric patients

The behavioral health consultant provided brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention. Psychoeducation was provided on the common concerns that the patient was experiencing amid the pandemic and how somatic complaints were a frequent manifestation of anxiety.


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[User] Aortic Dissection Type A diagnosis

Further electrocardiography-triggered CT of the thorax revealed a dissection of the aorta type A following the Stanford classification with pericardial tamponade.


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[User] Aortic Dissection Type A symptoms

The patient collapsed during her household routine and was intubated and diagnosed with a peripheral oxygenation decrease to 59%, followed by bradycardia and low blood pressure.


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[User] Aortic aneurysm symptoms

A soft, nontender pulsatile abdominal mass was discovered in the right lower quadrant... Further, a CT angiography revealed a fusiform aneurysm at the level of the distal abdominal aorta and iliac arteries measuring up to 8.0 x 8.5 cm in the greatest transverse dimension.


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[User] Aortic coarctation diagnostic tests

A transthoracic echocardiogram showed concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, a mildly stenotic bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with a mean/peak gradient of 12/22 mmHg, a normally sized ascending aorta and aortic arch, and a peak gradient of 6 mmHg with a serrated flow pattern in the continuous wave Doppler (CW-Doppler) across the region of the aortic isthmus.


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[User] Aortic dissection diagnosis

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) confirmed the diagnosis of thoracic and abdominal aortic dissection, thinning of bilateral renal arteries and right internal and external iliac arteries, and abnormal infusion of liver, spleen, and kidneys.