The Fletcher, later Aubrey-Fletcher Baronetcy, of Clea Hall in the County of Cumberland, is a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 20 May 1782 for Henry Fletcher, a Director of the Honourable East India Company and Member of Parliament. He was a descendant of Philip Fletcher (17th century), whose brother Sir Richard Fletcher was the father of Sir Henry Fletcher, 1st Baronet, of Hutton in le Forest (see Fletcher baronets for more information on this branch of the family). Fletcher was succeeded by his son, Henry, the second Baronet. He was High Sheriff of Cumberland from 1810 to 1811. His grandson, the fourth Baronet, was a prominent Conservative politician. In 1903 he assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Aubrey on inheriting the Aubrey estates on the death of Charles Aubrey. Aubrey-Fletcher died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, Lancelot, the fifth Baronet. He assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Aubrey on succeeding to the title in 1910. His eldest surviving son, Henry, the sixth Baronet, was Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire from 1954 to 1961. He was succeeded by his son, John, the seventh Baronet. He was High Sheriff of Buckinghamshire in 1961. As of 2008 the title is held by his son, Henry, the eighth Baronet, who succeeded in 1992. He is Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire since 2006.<PIC> Sir Henry Fletcher, 1st Baronet (1727–1807). He established the family seat at Ashley Park, Walton-on-Thames, Surrey. He was MP for Cumberland from 1768 to 1802.
Sir Henry Fletcher, 2nd Baronet (4 February 1772 – 10 August 1821). Fletcher was the son of Sir Henry Fletcher, 1st Baronet, and his wife Catherine Lintot. He married Frances Sophia Vaughan in 1801. They had at least one child. From 1810 to 1811 Fletcher served as High Sheriff of Cumberland. He died in August 1821, aged 49, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son, Henry. Lady Fletcher died in February 1828.
Sir Henry Fletcher, 3rd Baronet (18 September 1807 – 6 September 1851). Fletcher was the son of Sir Henry Fletcher, 2nd Baronet, and his wife Frances Sophia Vaughan. He was educated at New College, Oxford. Fletcher married Emily Maria Browne in 1834 and they had at least seven children: Eliza Emily Fletcher, died 1935; Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 4th Baronet; Lieutenant Edward Fletcher (1841–1881); Sir Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher, 5th Baronet; Adelaide Maria Fletcher, 1848–1926; Reverend Philip Fletcher (1848–1928); John Lowther Fletcher (1851–1928). Fletcher died in September 1851, aged 43, and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his eldest son, Henry. Lady Fletcher died in January 1888.
Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 4th Baronet (1835–1910)
Sir Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher, 5th Baronet (13 March 1846 – 5 January 1937). Fletcher was the second son of Sir Henry Fletcher, 3rd Baronet, and his wife Emily Maria Browne, and the younger brother of Sir Henry Aubrey-Fletcher, 4th Baronet, who died without issue in 1910. The same year he assumed by Royal licence the additional surname of Aubrey. Fletcher was married three times and had at least three children. He married firstly Gertrude Isabella Howell (d. 1878). They had one son (who lived between 1876 and 1882). After her death in 1878 he married secondly Emily Harriet Wade (d. 1911). They had at least two children: Kathleen Margaret Aubrey-Fletcher (1884–1959); Sir Henry Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher, 6th Baronet After her death in 1911 he married thirdly Aileen Mary Macpherson. They had no children. In 1916 Aubrey-Fletcher donated part of his brother's estate in Angmering to the parish to be used as a recreation ground. The area is today known as Fletcher's Field. Aubrey-Fletcher died in January 1937 and was succeeded in the baronetcy by his son, Henry. Lady Aubrey-Fletcher died in June 1968.
Sir Henry Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher, 6th Baronet (1887–1969)
Sir John Henry Lancelot Aubrey-Fletcher, 7th Baronet (22 August 1912 – 19 June 1992)
Sir Henry Egerton Aubrey-Fletcher, 8th Baronet (born 1945)
The heir apparent is the present holder's son John Robert Aubrey-Fletcher (born 1977), whose brother pulled HRH Prince William the Duke of Cambridge's ear while watching the Gold Cup at the Cheltenham Festival in March 2013. He has been a friend of Prince William since they both attended Ludgrove School in Berkshire.


Ariel Borysiuk ([ˈarʲɛl bɔˈrɨɕuk]; Ukrainian: Аріель Борисюк; born 29 July 1991) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Albanian side KF Laçi. He has twelve caps with the Poland national team.  Born in Biała Podlaska, Borysiuk made his debut in the Ekstraklasa on 23 February 2007 at the age of 16 years and 213 days, becoming the second youngest footballer ever to play for Legia. He is also Legia's youngest ever goalscorer, notching his first goal for the club on 19 April 2008 away to Odra Wodzisław at the age of 16 years and 265 days. This goal also made him the second youngest player to score a goal in the Ekstraklasa with only legend Włodzimierz Lubański being younger when he scored. On the last day of the 2011–12 winter transfer window, Borysiuk transferred to 1. FC Kaiserslautern. He was sent off on his debut for Kaiserslautern against 1. FC Köln for receiving two yellow cards, which came in the 35th and 40th minute. Kaiserslautern eventually lost the game 1–0. On 19 January 2014, Boriysiuk joined Russian side Volga on loan for the remainder of the season. On 10 March 2014, Boriysiuk made his Volga debut in a 5–1 away defeat to Amkar Perm, in which he replaced Artur Sarkisov inside only twenty-three minutes. After only appearing four times for Volga, Boriysiuk returned to 1. FC Kaiserslautern at the end of the campaign. On 14 July 2014, it was announced that Borysiuk had joined Polish club Lechia Gdańsk on loan for the 2014–15 Ekstraklasa. On 19 July 2014, Borysiuk made his Lechia Gdańsk debut in a 2–2 draw against Jagiellonia Białystok, in which he played the full 90 minutes. Although, he failed to score once in his loan spell at Lechia Gdańsk, Borysiuk managed to feature in every Ekstraklasa fixture for the 2014/15 campaign.
On 26 July 2015, after an impressive debut season at Lechia Gdańsk, Borysiuk made his stay permanent. On 28 August 2015, Borysiuk scored his first goal for Lechia Gdańsk in a 1–1 draw with Podbeskidzie. On 11 January 2016, Borysiuk re-joined Legia Warsaw after an impressive spell at Lechia Gdańsk. On 21 February 2016, Borysiuk made his comeback for Legia Warsaw in a 2–1 victory over Zagłębie Lubin, in which he replaced Stojan Vranješ in the 32nd minute.<PIC> On 22 June 2016, after only featuring thirteen times for Legia Warsaw, it was announced that Borysiuk would join English side Queens Park Rangers on a three-year deal.  After featuring in 10 league games, Borysiuk was allowed to go on loan in January 2017, returning to Poland to play for Lechia Gdańsk, who he been on loan with a few years earlier. On 26 January 2018 Borysiuk moved to back to Lechia Gdańsk after his unsuccessful spell in English football. Initially after joining, Borysiuk was back in the Lechia team, playing 12 of the team's final 18 games of the season helping the team to avoid relegation. With the introduction of Piotr Stokowiec as the Lechia manager he found himself out of the starting eleven, and sometimes even seen as just a reserve. After the good start Lechia made in the 2018-19 season, they found themselves top of the league after 19 games and going into the winter break. During this time Borysiuk had only managed to make 5 appearances, playing an average of only 30 minutes in each of those games. Due to his lack of first team football Borysiuk moved to Wisła Płock on loan. While on loan for Wisła he played 12 games for the second half of the season scoring two goals. With Lechia winning the Polish Cup at the end of the season and finishing in a record equaling 3rd place Borysiuk knew that chances would be limited in the squad for him. The club agreed to a contract termination on 3 July 2019, meaning he was able to join his next club on a free transfer. On 29 July 2019, Borysiuk signed for Sheriff Tiraspol. On 10 August 2021, Borysiuk joined Indian Super League side Chennaiyin on a one-year deal. On 26 July 2022, he signed a two-year contract with Albanian Kategoria Superiore club KF Laçi. Before being capped for the senior team, Borysiuk also represented Poland at U21 level, having made his first appearance on 5 June 2009 against Sweden. As of match played 20 February 2022
Appearance(s) in UEFA Europa League
Appearance(s) in Promotion play-offs


John Trobaugh (born 1968) in Lansing, Michigan is an American artist specializing in photography and based in Birmingham, Alabama. Trobaugh received his BFA in 1996 with honors from University of Alabama at Birmingham and went on to study photography at the School of Visual Arts. In 2003 he received his Master of Fine Arts from the University of Alabama in Tuscaloosa, Alabama.
His photography has been published in Art Papers, selected as the cover artist. He has also been published in The Chronicle of Higher Education, NY Arts Magazine, The Washington Post and The Advocate as well as The Birmingham News and World of Wonder, among many others.
While teaching at Sheldon State in Tuscaloosa Alabama, Trobaugh's work was censored before a planned exhibition. The case has yet to be resolved but gained national attention due to censorship issues. He was  forbidden to discuss this censorship as part of his art appreciation class. Trobaugh later resigned his post.
Richard Meyer, chair of the art department at The University of Southern California in Los Angeles, California, spoke about Trobaugh's work at various national conferences about censorship. Trobaugh was also presented in The Smithsonian National Gallery and is the author of several articles including Art Papers.<PIC> In 2005, Space One Eleven exhibited Trobaugh's work alongside Karen Graffeo for"In This Place". M. K. Matalon organized this exhibition to investigate place and location in relationship to contemporary Southern issues.
Trobaugh's work was selected to be part of Patterns of Nature in Denver, Colorado.
Trobaugh was included in "Politics, Politics: Nine Artists Explore the Political Landscape" curated by Anne Arrasmith and Peter Prinz of Space One Eleven. This exhibition was funded by the Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts and included Pinky Bass, Clayton Colvin, Peggy Dobbins, Randy Gachet, binx Newton, Arthur Price, Paul Ware, and Stan Woodard.
Trobaugh was a presenter for Photography in the Digital Age by The Society For Photographic Education South Central Regional Conference, 2003. This meeting took place at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and Birmingham Museum of Art in Birmingham, Alabama
In 2009, Trobaugh moved to Worcester, Massachusetts with his husband and son. Trobaugh became involved in Worcester civic life first through Worcester Pride, a local LGBTQ+ organization, then by running for school committee. Trobaugh works in the Diversity and Inclusion Office at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. In Potentially Harmful: The Art of American Censorship, Trobaugh's work was shown alongside Dread Scott, Robert Mapplethorpe, Sue Coe, Lynda Benglis, Andres Serrano, Karen Finley, Alma Lopez, John Jota Leaos, Benita Carr, Anita Steckel, Renee Cox, Gayla Lemke, Marilyn Zimmerman, John Sims, The Critical Art Ensemble, Eric Fischl, Tom Forsythe, Nancy Worthington, David Avalos, Scott Kessler, Louis Hock and Elizabeth Sisco. This project was funded by a major grant from The Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts with considerable local support from the Atlanta Bureau of Cultural Affairs, and the Georgia State University College of Arts and Sciences Visiting Artists and Scholars Fund, the College of Law, the Ethics Center, Women's Studies, African American Studies, the department of communications and additional private donors. Photographs by John Trobaugh were removed from display for “inappropriate” content at an exhibition at Shelton State Community College in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. The photographs portray Ken and G.I. Joe posed in romantic (though not sexually explicit) couplings. this decision involved the National Coalition Against Censorship. -Queer Caucus for Art
The censoring of my work from this faculty exhibition served to illustrate this point because administrators “loved” the images, yet the president of the college removed the whole series. People ask why would I want to show my work in the South anyway? I was raised here, the fantasy world was created here, and the images are made or based in the South. Why shouldn't the South see what the South created? -John Trobaugh
His most recent series, called Double Duty, are photographs using the 12" dolls to make social commentary," the text says. "Trobaugh's photographs uncannily portray human likeness and gesture." True. In fact, for a second, we thought someone had found and posted photos we took in the '70s. Just for a second. -Stephen Saban of The WOW Report
Actually I like Trobaugh's photos more than David Leventhal. Nothing is more subjective than art and nothing is more common in art than homoeroticism. -Stephen Smith, Birmingham Free Press, 2004


Milton Pouha "Tony" Finau (born September 14, 1989) is an American professional golfer who currently plays on the PGA Tour. Milton Pouha Finau was born on September 14, 1989 in Salt Lake City, Utah. He won the Utah State Amateur Championship in 2006, defeating future PGA Tour player Daniel Summerhays in the 36-hole championship match. Although Finau had college scholarship offers in basketball, he turned professional at the age of 17 and began playing on mini-tours including the Gateway Tour, NGA Hooters Tour, and National Pro Tour.
Finau and his brother Gipper competed on the Golf Channel's The Big Break in 2009. Finau finished second on Big Break Disney Golf.
Finau played on the PGA Tour Canada in 2013, making seven cuts in eight starts. He finished T-3 at the 2013 Web.com Tour qualifying school to earn his Web.com Tour card for 2014. He won his first title in August 2014 at the Stonebrae Classic. He finished 8th in the regular season, and 12th in the Web.com Tour Finals to earn his PGA Tour card for the 2014–15 season.
In March 2016, Finau won his maiden title on the PGA Tour at the Puerto Rico Open. He won in a sudden death playoff over Steve Marino with a birdie on the third extra hole. He had earlier missed a putt for the victory outright on the 72nd green. The result moved Finau into the top 25 in the FedEx Cup standings.
Finau opted not to defend his Puerto Rico title in 2017, instead taking his chances to get into the field at the 2017 WGC-Dell Technologies Match Play, but was two players short of entering the field, which takes the top 64 available players from the Official World Golf Ranking. Finau qualified for the first three majors in 2018, including his first Masters appearance, by making it to the Tour Championship in 2017. He finished in a tie for 10th place at the 2018 Masters, despite dislocating his ankle in the Par-3 contest the day before the first round. In June 2018, Finau finished in 5th place at the U.S. Open after a double-bogey on the 18th hole, his highest finish to date in a major tournament.
Finau finished the 2018 PGA Tour season ranked sixth in the season-long FedEx Cup. He earned over $5,600,000 in the 2017–18 season with 11 top-10 finishes. His best finishes in the season were second at the Safeway Open and The Northern Trust. He also finished T2 at the Genesis Open.
In September 2018, U.S. team captain Jim Furyk named Finau as a captain's pick for the 2018 Ryder Cup at Le Golf National outside of Paris, France. The U.S. lost the Ryder Cup to the European side 17 1/2 to 10 1/2. Finau finished with a 2-1-0 record and won his singles match over Tommy Fleetwood (6 and 4). Up till then Fleetwood had gone 4-0-0 in the fourball and foursome matches (with partner Francesco Molinari).<PIC> On October 28, 2018, Finau lost a playoff against Xander Schauffele in the WGC-HSBC Champions. He still won more than $1,000,000 by finishing second.
In April 2019, Finau was in the final group of the Masters Tournament with Francesco Molinari and Tiger Woods. He ended the tournament tied for 5th. In December 2019, Finau played on the U.S. team at the 2019 Presidents Cup at Royal Melbourne Golf Club in Australia. The U.S. team won 16–14. Finau went 0–1–3 and halved his Sunday singles match against Hideki Matsuyama.
In February 2020, Finau lost the Waste Management Phoenix Open in a sudden death playoff to Webb Simpson. Finau, who lost to Simpson's birdie on the first extra hole, had held a two stroke lead with two holes to play, but Simpson finished with consecutive birdies to force the playoff.
In July at the Memorial Tournament, Finau held a four-stroke lead in the third round before faltering on the back nine with two double bogeys. His struggles continued on Sunday, including a triple bogey on the par-four sixth hole, ultimately shooting six over par on the day and finishing the tournament in eighth place, two under par. A week later, Finau's T-3 placing at the 3M Open meant that he now shares the PGA Tour record (30) for the most top-10 finishes in a four-year period without a win. In early 2021, Finau had a stretch of five weeks where he finished in the top 4 in all four tournaments that he entered. He finished fourth at The American Express, tied second at the Farmers Insurance Open, tied second at the Saudi International on the European Tour and he lost in a playoff to Max Homa at the Genesis Invitational at Riviera Country Club in Pacific Palisades, California. Finau won the 2021 Northern Trust, beating Cameron Smith in a playoff.
In September 2021, Finau played on the U.S. team in the 2021 Ryder Cup at Whistling Straits in Kohler, Wisconsin. The U.S. team won 19–9 and Finau went 1–2–0 including a loss in his Sunday singles match against Ian Poulter. In July 2022, Finau won the 3M Open for his third career PGA Tour win. Finau trailed tournament leader Scott Piercy by five shots and second-place Emiliano Grillo by one when the final round began, but everything turned on the back nine when Piercy shot a final-round 76 with a back-nine 41 while Finau shot a final-round 67 with a 33 on the back nine that include a bogey 6 at the last. One week later, Finau won the Rocket Mortgage Classic for back-to-back victories. Finau is of Tongan and Samoan descent, the first person of such ancestry to play on the PGA Tour. Finau's brother Gipper made the cut in the Utah EnergySolutions Championship at the age of 16 but did not succeed as a tournament professional. He is the cousin of NBA basketball player Jabari Parker and former NFL football player Haloti Ngata.
Finau runs the Tony Finau Foundation, an organization aimed at empowering youth and their families in the local community. He is a member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. He and his wife, Alayna Finau, have five children.  PGA Tour playoff record (2–3)  European Tour playoff record (0–1) CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place NT = No tournament due to COVID-19 pandemic Most consecutive cuts made – 8 (2017 Open – 2019 PGA)
Longest streak of top-10s – 3 (twice) CUT = missed the halfway cut "T" indicates a tie for a place C = Canceled after the first round due to the COVID-19 pandemic ¹Cancelled due to COVID-19 pandemic
NT = No tournament "T" = Tied Note that the Championship and Invitational were discontinued from 2022. Amateur
Junior Ryder Cup: 2004, 2006
Professional
Ryder Cup: 2018, 2021 (winners)
Presidents Cup: 2019 (winners)


Khvicha Kvaratskhelia, also known with a nickname Kvara (Georgian: ხვიჩა კვარაცხელია, romanized: khvicha k'varatskhelia; born 12 February 2001) is a Georgian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Serie A club Napoli and the Georgia national team.  Kvaratskhelia began his career at Dinamo Tbilisi in 2017 after coming through the youth ranks before joining Rustavi one year later.
In 2018, The Guardian named Kvaratskhelia among 60 best young players worldwide. On 15 February 2019, Kvaratskhelia joined Russian club Lokomotiv Moscow on loan. He made his Russian Premier League debut on 10 March 2019 in a game against Anzhi Makhachkala as an 86th-minute substitute for Jefferson Farfán.
On 1 July 2019, Lokomotiv announced that Kvaratskhelia had left the club after his loan expired. Following that, Lokomotiv Moscow manager Yuri Semin said he was very disappointed after failing to agree on a permanent transfer with Kvaratskhelia as Semin considered him extremely talented. On 6 July 2019, Kvaratskhelia signed a five-year deal with Rubin Kazan. In his first game on 15 July 2019, which happened to be over his previous club Lokomotiv, he came on as a substitute in the second half and scored an equalizer, with the final score being 1–1. 18 year-old Khvicha was named as best player of the match by Rubin fans on the official site of the club.
Kvaratskhelia then netted his second for Rubin on 30 November 2019, another late equaliser in added time to Akhmat Grozny.
Overall, his purchase was hailed by some Russian media outlets as the main transfer success for Rubin, who saw the player's price increased five times in a single season between June 2019 and June 2020.
Based on the votes among Rubin supporters, Kvaratskhelia won Player of the Month nomination four times in 2020/21, namely in August, September, October and April.
In early 2021, L'Equipe published a list of 50 best players born in the 21st century, with Khvicha being the only RPL player in it.<PIC> On 7 March 2022, FIFA announced that, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, foreign players in Russia can unilaterally suspend their contracts until 30 June 2022 and they are allowed to sign with clubs outside of Russia until 30 June 2022. On 24 March 2022, Rubin Kazan announced that Kvaratskhelia's contract has been suspended. On the same day, he joined Dinamo Batumi.
Kvaratskhelia took part in 11 matches of the league, scoring eight times and providing two assists. Erovnuli Liga named him the best player of round 2 of the season, which coincided with the period between April and July. On 1 July 2022, Napoli confirmed the signing of Kvaratskhelia on a deal lasting until 2027 from Dinamo Batumi for a reported fee of 10-12 million Euros. He made his debut for the club on 14 July, 2022 in a friendly against Eccellenza Trentino-Alto Adige club A.S.D. Anaune Val di Non, scoring two goals and providing an assist. Kvaratskhelia made his debut for Georgia national team on 7 June 2019 in a Euro 2020 qualifier against Gibraltar, as a starter.
On 14 October 2020, he opened his goal account in a 1–1 UEFA Nations League draw with North Macedonia. On 28 March 2021, he scored against Spain, followed by another goal three days later against Greece. On 11 November 2021, Kvaratskhelia's double brought victory to his team over Sweden.
He scored three times in four games of the first phase of the 2022–23 Nations League and topped the list of players in two nominations, including in the overall ranking. Khvicha is the son of former  player Badri Kvaratskhelia. He has a brother, Tornike Kvaratskhelia (b. 2010), who plays in the "Avaza" football academy.  As of match played 25 May 2022
Appearances in UEFA Europa Conference League As of match played 09 June 2022
As of match played 09 June 2022
Scores and results list Georgia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Kvaratskhelia goal. Lokomotiv Moscow
Russian Cup: 2018–19
Individual
Russian Premier League Best Young Player: 2019–20, 2020–21
Georgian Footballer of the Year: 2020, 2021


Hoag's Object is a non-typical galaxy of the type known as a ring galaxy. It is named after Arthur Hoag, who discovered it in 1950 and identified it as either a planetary nebula or a peculiar galaxy. The galaxy has approximately eight billion stars, and is roughly 100,000 light years across.<PIC> A nearly perfect ring of young hot blue stars circles the older yellow nucleus of this ring galaxy c. 600 million light-years away in the constellation Serpens. The diameter of the 6 arcsecond inner core of the galaxy is about 17±0.7 kly (5.3±0.2 kpc) while the surrounding ring has an inner 28″ diameter of 75±3 kly (24.8±1.1 kpc) and an outer 45″ diameter of 121±4 kly (39.9±1.7 kpc). The galaxy is estimated to have a mass of 700 billion suns. By comparison, the Milky Way galaxy has an estimated diameter of 150-200 kly and consists of between 100 and 500 billion stars and a mass between 800 billion and 1.54 trillion suns.
The gap separating the two stellar populations may contain some star clusters that are almost too faint to see. Though ring galaxies are rare, another more distant ring galaxy (SDSS J151713.93+213516.8) can be seen through Hoag's Object, between the nucleus and the outer ring of the galaxy, at roughly the one o'clock position in the image shown here.
Noah Brosch and colleagues showed that the luminous ring lies at the inner edge of a much larger neutral hydrogen ring. Even though Hoag's Object was clearly shown on the Palomar Star Survey, it was not included in either the Morphological Catalogue of Galaxies, the Catalogue of Galaxies and Clusters of Galaxies, or the catalogue of galactic planetary nebulae.
In the initial announcement of his discovery, Hoag proposed the hypothesis that the visible ring was a product of gravitational lensing.  This idea was later discarded because the nucleus and the ring have the same redshift, and because more advanced telescopes revealed the ring's knotty structure, which would not be visible if the galaxy were a product of gravitational lensing.
Many of the galaxy's details remain mysterious, foremost of which is how it formed. So-called "classic" ring galaxies are generally formed by the collision of a small galaxy with a larger disk-shaped galaxy, producing a density wave in the disk that leads to a characteristic ring-like appearance. Such an event would have happened at least 2–3 billion years ago, and may have resembled the processes that form polar-ring galaxies. However, there is no sign of any second galaxy that would have acted as the "bullet", and the likely older core of Hoag's Object has a very low velocity relative to the ring, making the typical formation hypothesis quite unlikely. Observations with one of the most sensitive telescopes have also failed to uncover any faint galaxy fragments that should be observable in a collision scenario. However, a team of scientists that analyzes the galaxy admits that "if the carnage happened more than 3 billion years ago, there might not be any detritus left to see."
Noah Brosch suggested that Hoag's Object might be a product of an extreme "bar instability" that occurred a few billion years ago in a barred spiral galaxy. Schweizer et al claim this is an unlikely hypothesis because the nucleus of the object is spheroidal, whereas the nucleus of a barred spiral galaxy is disc-shaped, among other reasons. However, they admit evidence is somewhat thin for this particular dispute to be settled satisfactorily.
A few other galaxies share the primary characteristics of Hoag's Object, including a bright detached ring of stars, but their centers are elongated or barred, and they may exhibit some spiral structure. While none match Hoag's Object in symmetry, these galaxies are known to some as Hoag-type galaxies.


Daniel Anthony Johnson (born 8 October 1992) is a Jamaican professional footballer who plays for Championship club Preston North End and the Jamaica national team as a midfielder.
Johnson previously played for Aston Villa and had brief loan spells at Yeovil Town, Chesterfield and Oldham Athletic.  Born in Jamaica, Johnson played for Crystal Palace as a schoolboy before moving on to Aston Villa's academy. Johnson's potential was recognised following the 2010–11 season. Extra responsibility was placed on Johnson when academy coach Tony McAndrew handed him the captain's armband. As well as leading Villa to the Barclays Premier Academy League Group B title, he was an inspiration during the FA Youth Cup campaign. A left-foot strike from the edge of the box in round four against Peterborough United crowned a true captain's performance and ignited a cup run that would see the young lions reach the semi-finals. His performances for the academy and reserve teams had already caught the eye of manager at the time Gerard Houllier. The Frenchman called up Johnson to Aston Villa's first team for the first time, where he was an unused substitute in Villa's 2–1 League Cup win over Burnley. In January 2011, the midfielder signed his first professional contract at Villa Park.
Johnson had another season of great progress in 2011–12, featuring in all but one of the title-winning reserve team's fixtures as well as making the first team bench for six Premier League games. In the reserve ranks, Johnson once again demonstrated his ability to supply goals from the central ground. He found the net five times, including a wonder strike in a 3–1 defeat against a Manchester United side featuring the likes of Phil Jones, Chris Smalling and Tom Cleverley. That scoring knack was also replicated on the European stage during Villa's run to the quarter-finals of the NextGen Series. Johnson was the only player to feature in all seven of the club's NextGen games and he managed three goals in the process. Those strikes came in home and away wins against Fenerbahçe and in a 3–2 defeat by Rosenborg. In March 2012, he extended his contract to summer 2013 but he has still yet to make his official debut for Villa. On 13 June 2013, Johnson signed a new two-year deal keeping him at the club until 2015. Johnson made a series of short loan moves to League One sides over three seasons. On 23 October 2012, Johnson joined Football League One side Yeovil Town on a month-long youth loan deal, and made his Football League debut as a substitute that evening in Yeovil's 3–1 victory over Shrewsbury Town.
Johnson joined Chesterfield on a three-month loan in August 2014 and made his debut in a 2–1 away win over Port Vale on 30 August. Johnson played 13 times for Chesterfield, becoming a first team regular.
On 10 November 2014, Johnson joined another League One side, Oldham, on a two-month deal until 5 January 2015. On 23 January 2015, Johnson joined Preston North End for an undisclosed fee, believed to be £50,000, on a two-and-a-half year contract. Johnson started life off well at Preston scoring 8 goals in 18 appearances. Johnson and his teammates won promotion to the Championship on 24 May 2015, following a 4–0 win over Swindon Town in the play-off final at Wembley.<PIC> In June 2019, Johnson received an invite to play for the Jamaica national side for the CONCACAF Gold Cup in July 2019. On 31 August 2019, he was called up for Jamaica's CONCACAF Nations League matches against Antigua and Barbuda and Guyana. However, on 5 September, Johnson withdrew from the squad, with his agent citing a lack of a direct flight from London to Montego Bay. He debuted with the Jamaica national team in a 3–0 friendly loss to Saudi Arabia on 14 November 2020.  Appearance in the Football League Trophy
Appearances in the League One play-offs As of match played 27 January 2022  Preston North End
Football League One play-offs: 2015
Individual
North West Football Awards Championship Player of the Year: 2020
Preston North End Player of the Year: 2019–20


Burke's Landed Gentry (originally titled Burke's Commoners) is a reference work listing families in Great Britain and Ireland who have owned rural estates of some size. The work has been in existence from the first half of the 19th century, and was founded by John Burke. He and successors from the Burke family, and others since, have written in it on genealogy and heraldry relating to gentry families. It has evolved alongside Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage; the two works are regarded as complementing each other. Since the early 20th century the work also includes families that historically possessed landed property.<PIC> The title of the first edition in 1833 expressed its scope clearly: A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, enjoying Territorial Possessions or High Official Rank, but uninvested with Heritable Honours. It looked at both the family history and the arms of selected families who owned land or occupied important posts in the United Kingdom but did not hold inherited titles. This excluded group, consisting of peers and baronets, had their own book called Burke's Peerage.
At the time the series started, the group it covered had considerable political, social and economic influence in their localities and in some cases nationally. During the 20th century, the power of rural landowners and the public's interest in buying books about them largely disappeared. Few of the families in the books still own country estates, a rare example being the Fulfords of Great Fulford near Dunsford in Devon who were mentioned in the 2012 TV series "Country House Rescue" and were described in Burke's Landed Gentry as having lived there since the reign of King Richard I (1189–1199). Until 1914, possession of landed property was a strict requirement; if a family sold or lost its estates, it was no longer included in Burke's Landed Gentry. Illustrating this point, at least half of the families included in 1861 were omitted from the 1914 edition. Following the alienation of families from their land after the First World War, however, the editors considered that so strict a policy was no longer productive, and in recognition of historical and genealogical value many pedigrees appeared titled (family name) 'formerly of' or 'late of' (place). Owing to the characteristic prose style developed by John Burke, the publication's founder, the material included in Burke's Landed Gentry, often based on work by many earlier authorities, was made more readable than had previously been the case, a style maintained by his successors; this prose style, when subsequently employed by John Burke's son, Ulster King of Arms Sir Bernard Burke, took a turn towards flowery wording in keeping with the literary tastes of the Victorian period in which he wrote. The widespread inclusion of family legends which, due to the large number of families included in each edition, the Burke family were unable to comprehensively check, resulted in some criticism of the accuracy of information contained in the volumes. Accordingly, more recent editions are more scrupulously checked and rewritten for accuracy. Advertisements for the 1894 edition stated: "Apocryphal statements, which had crept into former editions, have been expunged, erroneous particulars and incorrect descents discovered and omitted..." This dedication to accuracy reached its peak under the chief editorship, from 1949 to 1959, of L. G. Pine – who was very sceptical regarding many families' claims to antiquity: ('If everybody who claims to have come over with the Conqueror were right, William must have landed with 200,000 men-at-arms instead of about 12,000') – band Hugh Massingberd (1971–83).


René Vautier (French: [ʁəne votje]; 15 January 1928 – 4 January 2015) was a French film director. His films, which were often controversial with French authorities, addressed many issues, such as the Algerian War, French colonialism in Africa, pollution, racism, women's rights, and apartheid in South Africa. Many were banned or condemned, and one caused him to go to prison for a year.<PIC> He was born on 15 January 1928 in Camaret-sur-Mer, Finistère, France, the son of a factory worker and a teacher. He joined the French Resistance during World War II at the age of 15 and later received the Croix de guerre and the Order of the Nation from Charles de Gaulle for his militant activity. He then joined the French Communist Party and studied film-making at the Institut des hautes études cinématographiques, where he graduated in 1948.  Vautier made his first film, Afrique 50, in 1950, when he was 21. He was assigned to visit French West Africa and make an educational film, but he was appalled by the conditions he witnessed, including lack of doctors and crimes committed by the French Army. The resulting film was confiscated by police using legislation decreed by Pierre Laval, but Vautier managed to recover enough footage to publish the 17-minute film in 1950. It was hailed as the first anti-colonial French film. He was indicted thirteen times for it and sentenced to a year in prison. The documentary was banned for forty years. He worked with Louis Malle to make Humain, trop humain in 1973, a film about conditions in a Citroën car plant. Vautier directed Peuple en marche, which gives the history of the National Liberation Army and the Algerian War, in 1963. Another Algerian War film, Avoir 20 ans dans les Aurès (1972), won the International Federation of Film Critics Award at the 1972 Cannes Film Festival. He made over 180 films, many of them destroyed by the French government. Several of Vautier's other films were presented at Cannes, including Mourir pour des images, Comment on devient un ennemi de l'intérieur, Les trois cousins, and Vacances tunisiennes. In January 1973, he went on hunger strike to protest film censorship. He received the Order of the Ermine in 2000. On 4 January 2015, he died at a hospital in Cancale, Brittany. Capitalism
Un Homme est Mort, film about the death of the worker Édouard Mazé, during the manifestations and strikes in Brest (Bretagne, France) during March-April 1950. The title is taken from one of Paul Éluard's poem in Au rendez-vous allemand (1944).
Anneaux d'or, with Claudia Cardinale in her first act, one of his rare fiction movie, which got the Silver Bear at the festival of West-Berlin in 1956.
Humain, trop humain (1973) in collaboration with Louis Malle.
"Classe de lutte" (1969) in collaboration with the workers of Medvedkine Group and Chris Marker.
"Transmission d'expérience ouvrière" (1973)
"Quand tu disais Valéry", (1975) the movie follows a long strike of the caravane factory Caravelair at Trignac, best French movie at the festival of Rotterdam.
Colonisation, especially in Algeria
Une nation, l'Algérie, (1954) one of the copy is destroyed, the second disappeared. After the revolution of 1 November 1954, the movie narrates the true story of Algeria's conquest by France. René Vautier is prosecuted for interfering with the internal security of the state for a sentence in the film: "Algeria will be independent anyway".
Afrique 50 (1956) René Vautier's first movie released and first French anti-colonilisation movie
  Algérie en flammes (1958)
Un Peuple en marche (1963) a movie about the transition between the Algerian war of independence and the reconstruction of the country.
Avoir 20 ans dans les Aurès (1972) with Alexandre Arcady, Yves Branellec, Philippe Léotard. Receive the International Critics Prize at Cannes festival in 1972. http://www.avoir20ansdanslesaures.net/wp/
"Le cinema des premiers pas" made in Algeria in 1985 and about his participation in the cinematographic activity in an independent Algeria.
Racism in France
Les trois cousins (1970) drama fiction about the living conditions of three Algerian cousins looking for a job in France. Award for the best Human right movie in Strasbourg.
Les Ajoncs (1971)
Le Remords (1974)
Vous avez dit : français ? (1986), Reflection around the notion of French citizenship and French history of immigration.
South-African Apartheid
Le Glas (1964)
Frontline (1976) made with Oliver Tambo and co-produced with the National African Congress.
Environment
Marée noire, colère rouge (1978), best documentary worldwide at 1978 Rotterdam Film Festival.
Mission pacifique (1988), documentary with witnesses of atomic explosions in the Pacific Ocean and sinking of Greenpeace boat Rainbow Warrior.
Hirochirac (1995), about the involvement of Jacques Chirac with nuclear tests.
Extreme-Right politics in France
À propos de… l'autre détail (1984), Documentary about people that have been tortured during the Algerian War of Independence by Jean-Marie Le Pen.
Châteaubriant, mémoire vivante (1985)
Feminism
Quand les femmes ont pris la colère (1977), in collaboration with Soazig Chappedelaine.
Bretagne
Mourir pour des images (1971)
La Folle de Toujane (1974), fiction, in collaboration with Nicole Le Garrec.
Le Poisson commande (1976), Oscar of the best movie about the Sea.
Vacances en Giscardie (1980)
Histoires d'images, Images d'Histoire (2014), documentary, in collaboration with Moïra Chappedelaine.


Spain's exclusive economic zone (EEZ) (Spanish: Zona económica exclusiva de España) is the 30th largest in the world with 1,039,233 km² (401,250 sq mi). It is mostly in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. This is approximately double the entire Spanish land area. Together the land and sea surface would account for approximately 0.3% of the world's land surface.<PIC> The Spanish EEZ is divided into three compact regions: the Cantabrian and Atlantic regions (Área Atlántica), the Mediterranean together with the Gulf of Cádiz region (Área mediterránea junto) and the dependent area of the Canary Islands (Áreas de las Canarias). It is located in the Mediterranean Sea (Balearic Sea, Alboran Sea) and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay). The most notable areas are the Canary Islands, the Balearic Islands and the north western area in the Bay of Biscay.   Algeria on 17 April 2018 establishes an exclusive economic zone (EEZ) off its coasts by Presidential Decree No. 18-96 of 2 Rajab 1439 corresponding to 20 March 2018. The permanent Mission of Spain to the United Nations on 27 July 2018 declares his disagreement with the EEZ announced by Algeria and that the Government of Spain hereby indicates its willingness to enter into negotiations with the Government of Algeria with a view to reaching a mutually acceptable agreement on the outer limits of their respective exclusive economic zones, The same was done by the Italian mission on 28 November 2018. The two countries indicated that the Algerian measure had been taken unilaterally and without consulting them.
25 November 2018 The Algerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs sent an oral note in response to the Spanish protest, explains that the Algerian Government does not recognize the largely exorbitant coordinates contained in Royal Decree 236/2013, which overlap with the coordinates of Presidential Decree n° 18–96 establishing an exclusive economic zone off the coast of Algeria. The Algerian Government wishes to emphasize that the unilateral delimitation carried out by Spain is not in conformity with the letter of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and has not taken into consideration the configuration, the specific characteristics and the special circumstances of the Mediterranean Sea, in particular for the case of the two countries whose coasts are located face to face, as well as the objective rules and relevant principles of international law to govern the equitable delimitation of the maritime areas between Algeria and Spain, in accordance with article 74 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Algeria expressed its willingness to negotiate for a just solution
20 June 2019 a communication from Algeria addressed to the Italian embassy and the Spain embassy in Algiers to show their eligibility in her exclusive economic zone. Spain formerly disputed the EEZ's southern border, maintaining that it should be drawn halfway between Madeira and the Canary Islands. But Portugal exercises sovereignty over the Savage Islands, a small archipelago north of the Canaries, claiming an EEZ border further south. Spain objected, arguing that the Savage Islands do not have a separate continental shelf, citing article 121 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Spain no longer disputes the Portuguese claim since 2015. The British overseas territory of Gibraltar is disputed by Spain, Gibraltar has jurisdiction over its territorial waters, however, Spain argues that the Treaty of Utrecht would only give the British jurisdiction over the internal waters of the port. This discussion would lead both parties to a diplomatic conflict that returned after a fishing dispute in 2013.


Vernal Leroy "Nippy" Jones (June 29, 1925 – October 3, 1995) was an American professional baseball first baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for three National League clubs during the 1940s and 1950s, and won World Series rings with the St. Louis Cardinals in 1946 and the Milwaukee Braves in 1957. He threw and batted right-handed, stood 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and weighed 185 pounds (84 kg).<PIC> Jones was born in Los Angeles, and signed with the Cardinals upon graduation from John C. Fremont High School in Inglewood, California, in 1943. After batting .304 for the Cardinals' Pacific Coast League affiliate Sacramento Solons in 1943, Jones left baseball for two years in order to serve in the United States Marine Corps during World War II.
He returned in 1946, spending most of the season with the Cardinals' triple A affiliate Rochester Red Wings. However, he did appear in sixteen games with the Cardinals, and was on their post-season roster. He struck out in his only plate appearance of the 1946 World Series against the Boston Red Sox in game five.
He split 1947 between St. Louis and Rochester before earning a starting job with the Cards in 1948. Having originally come up with the Cardinals as a second baseman, he played first base for the 1948 Cardinals, with future Hall of Famer Stan Musial shifting to the outfield. He batted .254 with ten home runs and 81 runs batted in in his first full season for the second place Cardinals. Jones remained with the Cardinals through 1951. Following the season, he was selected by the Philadelphia Phillies in the rule 5 draft. He appeared in only eight games for the Phillies in 1952, spending most of the season with their triple A affiliate, the Baltimore Orioles.
He returned to the Sacramento Solons in 1953, who were at that point, unaffiliated. He remained with the club through the beginning of the 1957 season. The Milwaukee Braves were in second place behind the Cardinals, and purchased Jones' contract when slugging first baseman Joe Adcock went down with an injury. The highlight of his season occurred on July 26, when he hit a walk off home run in the eleventh inning to lift the Braves to a 6–3 victory over the New York Giants. After finishing second to the Brooklyn Dodgers two years in a row, the Braves won the National League in 1957, and faced the New York Yankees in the World Series.
Jones is remembered for being involved in a controversial "shoe polish incident" in the 1957 Fall Classic. He pinch hit in Games 1 and 3, grounding out both times. Both of those games were won by the Yankees. Game 4 went into extra innings, and when the Yankees took a 5–4 lead in the tenth, the Braves were looking at the possibility of falling three games to one in the series.
Jones led off the Milwaukee half of the tenth inning, pinch hitting for Warren Spahn. He jumped back from a low pitch that home plate umpire Augie Donatelli called a ball. Jones protested that it had hit his foot, and he was awarded first base after showing Donatelli a shoe polish mark on the ball to prove it. Yankees manager Casey Stengel vehemently protested the call, but to no avail. The Braves scored three runs in the tenth, including a two-run home run by Eddie Mathews to end the game and even the series at two games apiece. The play was the turning point in the series, as the Braves went on to win the series in seven games.
A similar incident would be repeated twelve years later by Cleon Jones of the New York Mets in Game 5 of the 1969 World Series. After the 1957 World Series, Jones returned to the Sacramento Solons, and remained with them until 1959. He spent one season with the Portland Beavers before retiring in 1960.
Following his retirement from baseball, Jones worked in public relations and title-insurance businesses in Sacramento, California, and became a professional fishing guide.
Jones died due to a heart attack on October 3, 1995. He was survived by his wife of 49 years, Nora, four children and six grandchildren.


Begum Om Habibeh Aga Khan (15 February 1906 – 1 July 2000) was the fourth and last wife of Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, Aga Khan III.  The couple married thirteen months after the Aga Khan III and his third wife were divorced by mutual consent. The Begum was well known for her generosity towards and compassion for the impoverished and the elderly. Her Egyptian Om Habibeh Foundation worked towards the alleviation of poverty and the improvement of quality of life in the area surrounding Aswan, Egypt, and in Le Cannet she established a retirement home.  She was particularly interested in women's issues and, an accomplished artist and sculptor, she was also interested in the arts including classical music, ballet, and the opera. The Begum died at the age of 94 in Le Cannet and was buried in the mausoleum of her husband at Aswan.  She was born Yvonne Blanche Labrousse in the town of Sète, France on 15 February 1906. She was called Yvette. She was the daughter of Adrien Labrousse, a tramway conductor, and Marie Brouet, a seamstress. Her family soon moved to Cannes and later on to Lyon where the young Yvette spent most of her childhood. In 1929, at the age of twenty-four, she became Miss Lyon and one year later she was named Miss France. As a beauty queen and a representative of France, she traveled to many countries around the world. She found herself particularly taken by Egypt and, in the late 1930s, she moved to Cairo and adopted the faith of Islam. Yvette Labrousse met Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah, Aga Khan III in Egypt and they married on 9 October 1944 in Switzerland. The new Begum assumed the name of Om Habibeh after one of the Prophet Muhammad's wives. Her husband playfully nicknamed her "Yaky", which was composed from the initials of "Yvette", "Aga" and "Khan". The Begum designed their villa at Le Cannet near Cannes and it was named "Yakymour", combining her nickname "Yaky" and "Amour", the French word for love.
In 1954, Om Habibeh was given the title of Mata Salamat, which literally means serene or peaceful mother. Of his marriage to Begum Om Habibeh, the Aga Khan III wrote in his memoirs, "I can only say that if a perfectly happy marriage be one in which there is a genuine and complete union and understanding, on the spiritual, mental, and emotional planes, ours is such." Shortly before his death, the Aga Khan III chose a location on the West Bank of the Nile as his final resting place. The location was highly symbolic, for centuries earlier the Aga Khan's ancestors had founded the Fatimid dynasty with its capital in Cairo. The Fatimids represented one of the apogees of Muslim culture, being patrons of the arts, architecture, literature, pluralism and scientific endeavors, all fields that were equally dear to the Aga Khan III and Om Habibeh. Immediately after her husband's death, she oversaw the building of a mausoleum, a task that took 16 months and the help of architect Farid El-Shafie and contractor Hassan Dorra.<PIC> When the Aga Khan III appointed his grandson, Karim, to succeed him to the title of Aga Khan IV, he also indicated in his will that he desired Begum Om Habibeh to offer her wise counsel during the first seven years of the Imamat of Karim Aga Khan IV. The Aga Khan III stated in his will that the Begum had been familiar for many years with the issues facing his followers and he had confidence in her wise judgment. After the death of her husband, the Begum predominantly lived in Aswan and Le Cannet, but also stayed in Geneva and Paris. She died at the age of 94 in Le Cannet on 1 July 2000. In 1991, the Begum established the Om Habibeh Foundation, a not-for-profit organization that has contributed to health and educational facilities in Aswan. A kidney dialysis centre at the local hospital was set up by the foundation, as were several schools in the area.  In Le Cannet, she established a retirement home and in 1999, the Mayor of Le Cannet Rocheville unveiled a bronze statue in her honor in the Jardin des Oliviers. Begum Om Habibeh is often remembered as the 'Red Rose' due to her daily ritual of placing a red rose upon the tomb of her husband during the time she spent in Egypt. When she was away, she arranged for the ritual to be carried out by the gardener.  Her relationship with the Aga Khan III is widely remembered as a great love story and has been called a legendary and storybook romance.  Member of the Order of the Pleiades, 1st Class.
 25th Centennial Anniversary Medal (14 October 1971).


Happy Refugees are a British post-punk band from London, formed in 1981. The band are noted for their quirky mix of DIY garage rock, shambling post-punk, and delicate introspection. They are considered to be one of the last bands of the DIY era, and have been compared to The Fall, Swell Maps, and Captain Beefheart.  After leaving Stoke-based group The Pits in 1980, Tim Shutt moved to London. In February 1981, he decided to rerecord two of The Pits' songs: "Hamburger Boy", and "Switch". Phil Bourne and Dave Robbins from The Colors Out of Time played guitar and bass for the session, Shutt's then-housemate Kevin Rodgers filled in on drums, and an old bandmate of Shutt's, Paul Johnston, came along to help out. This recording was to be the beginning of Happy Refugees.
Shutt has since explained their choice of name: "I [liked] the idea of us all being refugees from something. 'Happy' was added to the band name. [Paul Johnston] was adamant that it should not have 'The' added. The name of the band was to be Happy Refugees."
The band was initially a four-piece, made up of Shutt, Johnston, and Rodgers, with a friend from college, Paul Lamb, playing bass. Their first formal release as a group was the double A-sided single Warehouse Sound / Enshrined in a Memory in 1982. It was released on their own imprint, Gymnasium Records, and distributed by Red Rhino, a member of the Cartel. This first single was met with acclaim, albeit underground. Nick Flynn and Paul Harvey joined later that year on keyboard and guitar, and the band began to write material for their first studio album, Last Chance Saloon, as well as playing in clubs around London. Last Chance Saloon was recorded in a single day in May 1983 to save money, and was released in early 1984.
Although the band split up weeks after recording the album, Shutt and Johnston carried on performing under the Happy Refugees moniker until 1986. Rodgers and Flynn formed their own band with their friend Clive Williams, called The Hotel Complex, while Harvey moved to Newcastle to join Pauline Murray's band, and was later to join the reformed Penetration in 2001.<PIC> In 2010, after a two and a half decade hiatus from music, Shutt received a phone call from Dan Selzer, who wanted to rerelease Last Chance Saloon on New York-based Acute Records.  Return to Last Chance Saloon was released in 2011, and included the band's 1982 single, as well as outtakes and demos not included on the original LP. It was made available both on vinyl and as a downloadable package, and was well received.
Happy Refugees reformed that same year, with Hotel Complex bassist Clive Williams replacing Lamb, who had died in 2007. The group visited New York to promote the record. While there, they recorded a live session on WFMU, as well as several other live performances, one as guests of American indie-rockers Crystal Stilts at The Knitting Factory, Brooklyn.
The band described themselves as inspired by the experience, and returned to the UK to write and record the songs for a second album, released on Gymnasium Records, with Harvey, by then a leading stuckist, providing the cover art. This album, titled Beyond Moth and Rust, was made available on iTunes and Spotify on 22 December 2014, and was officially released in vinyl format on 23 February 2015. It includes several songs the band had written in the eighties, but never recorded, such as "What's Your Appeal", and "Ill Wind", as well as various newly penned tracks. Crystal Stilts and Irish four-piece Girls Names have named the band as an influence. In 2012, NME featured Last Chance Saloon as one of 100 Great Albums You've Never Heard at the behest of Dylan Baldi of Cloud Nothings, and in 2014, "Hamburger Boy", a song from Last Chance Saloon, was named in The story of UK DIY: 131 experimental underground classics from 1977-1985 by FACT Magazine. Additionally, the cover of their first single Warehouse Sound / Enshrined in a Memory, featuring a photocopied picture of a bush, was shown in a 2012 exhibition of great punk graphics at the Hayward Gallery, London. Tim Shutt - lead vocals (1981–1986, 2010–present)
Paul Johnston - guitar (1981–1986, 2010–present)
Paul Lamb - bass guitar (1981–1983)
Kevin Rodgers - drums (1981–1983, 2010–present)
Nick Flynn - keyboard (1982–1983, 2010–present)
Paul Harvey - guitar (1982–1983, 2010–present)
Clive Williams - bass guitar (2010–present) Warehouse Sound / Enshrined in a Memory (Double-single) (1982, Gymnasium)
Last Chance Saloon (1984, Gymnasium)
Return to Last Chance Saloon (2011, Acute)
Beyond Moth and Rust (2015, Gymnasium)


Kyle Duerr Seager (born November 3, 1987) is an American former professional baseball third baseman who played his entire career for the Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball (MLB) from 2011 to 2021. He was selected by the Mariners in the third round of the 2009 MLB draft, and made his MLB debut in 2011. In 2014, Seager was an All Star and won a Gold Glove Award. Seager is the eldest of three sons born to Jeff and Jody Seager. His brother Corey was selected by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the first round of the 2012 draft, while brother Justin was selected by the Mariners in 2013. He grew up a New York Yankees fan and idolized Derek Jeter.
Seager attended Northwest Cabarrus High School in Kannapolis, North Carolina, where he earned Co-North Carolina Player of the Year honors. He enrolled at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC), where he played college baseball for the North Carolina Tar Heels. With UNC, he had a career .353 batting average with 17 home runs, 66 doubles and 167 runs batted in (RBIs). In 2008, he set a school record for doubles in a season (30), was a semifinalist for the Golden Spikes Award, and was named to the watch list for both the Dick Howser Trophy and the Brooks Wallace Award.
During the summers of 2007 and 2008, Seager played collegiate summer baseball for the Chatham A's in the Cape Cod Baseball League.  The Seattle Mariners selected Seager in the third round, with the 82nd overall selection, of the 2009 MLB draft. Seager spent the majority of the 2009 season with the Class-A Clinton LumberKings. He hit .275 with one home run and 22 RBIs. He also played one game with the AZL Mariners and two with the Class-A Advanced High Desert Mavericks. Seager spent the entire 2010 season with the High Desert Mavericks, batting .345 with 14 home runs and 74 RBIs.
He was ranked by Baseball America as the ninth best prospect in the Mariners organization for 2011. He split the season between the Double-A Jackson Generals, batting .312 with 4 home runs and 37 RBIs in 66 games, and the Triple-A Tacoma Rainiers, where he hit .387 with three home runs and 17 RBIs in 24 games. On July 6, 2011, Seager had his contract purchased by the Mariners. He hit his first Major League home run on August 19, 2011, against the Tampa Bay Rays at Tropicana Field, and finished the year with a .258 batting average, three home runs, and 13 RBIs in 53 games. In 2012, his first full MLB season, Seager hit .259 with 20 home runs and 86 RBIs in 155 games.
On June 4, 2013, Seager hit a grand slam against the Chicago White Sox in the 14th inning. It was the first time in MLB history that a player hit a game-tying grand slam in extra innings. He finished 2013 with a .260 batting average, 22 home runs and 69 RBIs in 160 games.
On April 23, 2014, Seager drove in five runs to avoid a sweep against the Houston Astros. He hit a two-run home run in the seventh inning to cut the Astros lead to 3–2, and hit a walk-off three-run shot in the bottom of the ninth, allowing the Mariners to win 5–3. The first walk-off hit of his career, his performance earned him an April Co-Player of the Week Award, shared with José Abreu of the White Sox. On June 2, Seager went 4–4 with a double, two triples and a three-run home run against the New York Yankees. The first Mariner to accomplish the feat, he became the first MLB player with two triples and at least one double and homer in a game since Hal Breeden for the Montreal Expos in 1973. On June 15, he went 4–for-4 with two singles and two doubles and three RBIs. On July 7, he was named to his first All-Star team as an injury replacement for Toronto Blue Jays player Edwin Encarnación. He finished the 2014 season with a .268 batting average, 25 home runs and 96 RBIs in 159 games. On November 4, he was awarded a Gold Glove.
On December 2, 2014, the Mariners finalized a seven-year, $100 million contract extension with Seager. In 2015, he hit .266 with 26 home runs and 74 RBIs in 161 games.
On April 25, 2016, he hit his 100th career home run in a game against Houston. He finished 2016 with a.278 batting average, 30 home runs and 99 RBIs in 158 games and he and his brother, Corey, made history by becoming the first pair of brothers in major league history to each hit 25 or more homers in the same season. On defense, he led the major leagues in fielding errors, with 18.
In 2017, he hit .249 with 27 home runs and 88 RBIs in 154 games, his sixth consecutive season with at least 20 home runs and at least 154 games played. On April 7, 2018, he reached 1,000 career hits against the Minnesota Twins. Seager continued his streak of seasons with 20 or more home runs and at least 154 games played, hitting 22 home runs with 78 RBIs in 155 games but hit a career-low .221 in the process.
In 2019, during a spring training game, Seager sustained an injury to his left hand while attempting a diving play on a ball. He was later diagnosed with a hand injury and would require hand surgery that would sideline him for 8 to 10 weeks. He missed 53 games before returning to the lineup in late May 2019. On August 13, 2019, in an 11-6 victory over the Detroit Tigers, Seager became the 11th Mariner to hit 3 home runs in a game and the first since 2010; the third home run was a ricochet off the glove of Goodrum when a teammate collided with him near the wall. In 106 games, Seager hit .239 with 23 home runs and 63 RBIs, extending his streak of consecutive seasons of 20 or more home runs to eight.
On August 5, 2020, in a game against the Los Angeles Angels, Seager hit his 200th career home run. On August 17, Kyle faced his brother, the Dodgers Corey Seager, for the first time in an MLB game and both homered in the game, becoming the first pair of brothers to homer in the same game since César and Felipe Crespo did it on June 7, 2001.
In 2020, Seager batted .241/.355/.433 with 9 home runs and 40 RBIs and led the AL with 6 sacrifice flies.
In 2021, Seager batted a career-low .212, but set career highs in home runs and RBIs, with 35 and 101, respectively. He also led all third basemen with 43 double plays. The Mariners declined Seager's option for 2022, and on December 29, Seager announced his retirement from baseball.
During the following off-season, the Texas Rangers inquired if Seager would be interested in coming out of retirement to join up with his brother, Corey, who had signed with the team a few months earlier. Kyle Seager declined the offer, saying he was happy doing chores at home.<PIC> Seager and his wife, Julie, married in 2011. They have two daughters and a son. They reside in Salisbury, North Carolina.


Lake Minchumina (Menchuh Mene’ [mənt͡ʃʰuh mənə] in Koyukon; Minchu Mina’ in Dinak'i) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the CDP is 30.<PIC> Lake Minchumina is located at 63°53′38″N 152°18′7″W (63.893902, -152.302012).
"If we were to cut out a map of Alaska from a piece of paper and balance the map on the point of a pencil, we would have found the center point of the physical structure of the state. That point is at 63°50’ N, 152° W. or near Lake Minchumina."
"General Mitchell looked at Alaska on a globe. He saw that Alaska was approximately equal distance from all of the major urban-industrial centers of the world. Figure L.1 is a map of Alaska as seen from space. It is centered on Lake Minchumina in Interior Alaska. Note that we can see the major centers of Asia (Tokyo and Beijing are shown), Europe (Moscow, Berlin, Paris, and London are shown), and North America (New York, Toronto, and Los Angeles are shown). General Billy Mitchell viewed Alaska's relative location and found that it was, indeed, central to the urban-industrial world."
Footnote
Figure L.1 - Alaska from Space. Orthographic projection
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 244.1 square miles (632 km²), of which, 216.4 square miles (560 km²) of it is land and 27.7 square miles (72 km²) of it (11.34%) is water. Minchumina has a continental subarctic climate (Köppen Dfc). Lake Minchumina first appeared as an unincorporated village on the 1950 U.S. Census. It appeared again in 1960, but did not report in 1970 or 1980. It returned again in 1990 as a census-designated place (CDP).
As of the census of 2000, there were 32 people, 16 households, and 9 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 0.1 people per square mile (0.1/km²). There were 41 housing units at an average density of 0.2/sq mi (0.1/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 84.38% White, 3.12% Native American, and 12.50% from two or more races. 6.25% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 16 households, out of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 6.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.8% were non-families. 37.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.00 and the average family size was 2.67.
In the CDP, the age distribution of the population shows 18.8% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 40.6% from 25 to 44, 31.3% from 45 to 64, and 3.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 116.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $33,750. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $0 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,781. None of the population and none of the families were below the poverty line. It was previously served by the Minchumina School of the Iditarod Area School District.


Stefan Simchowitz (born in Johannesburg, South Africa on October 8, 1970) is a Los Angeles based art collector, art curator, and art advisor. He is a vocal proponent of social media as a legitimate way of discovering, distributing, and popularizing the fine arts, primarily using Facebook and Instagram as platforms for self-promotion, discovering new artists, and endorsing those he already manages.<PIC> Simchowitz is Jewish, spent his early years in South Africa, but otherwise lived a mobile childhood. He graduated from Stanford University with a bachelor's degree in economics, finishing the program in three years. Shortly after, he attended the American Film Institute in Los Angeles. Simchowitz would go on to produce and assistant produce fifteen films. Simchowitz believes that conversations on social media hold a degree of influence over the artworld comparable to other canonical forums for artistic discussion and legitimization, including art reviews written by critics for key publications. Supporters see his method as concerned with diversifying the number of systems which recognize and produce credible artists. A number of them, including, but not limited to Sterling Ruby, Oscar Murillo, Lucien Smith, Petra Cortright, Zachary Armstrong, Kour Pour, Jon Rafman, and Marc Horowitz have all been advised by Stefan Simchowitz. In November 2015, he was ranked No. 95 in Art Review Magazine's POWER 100, a list of 2015's "most influential people in the contemporary artworld."
Stefan Simchowitz engages in a hybrid practice that includes art dealing, art advising and art collecting. He believes that "the alchemy of art is that it’s not just the artist who produces the work but the spectator and the audience that essentially refines the art in its raw state into a refined product." As such, once he discovers a young, talented, generally unknown artist with whom to work, he sets about generating a market for them and their work, building demand, which eventually drives up prices. This part of his practice functions not unlike that of an art gallery. In the meantime, Simchowitz provides a patron-like role for the artist, providing them with the finances needed to live, maintain a full-time studio and produce work. He believes that the artist must be committed to their creative work on a full-time basis and that financial hardship, as well as the need to make ends meet, can be detrimental to the challenge of making good art. However, in exchange for footing the bill, Simchowitz buys any new work at a discount.
Simchowitz burst into the public stage when a 2014 Bloomberg article about speculation in the contemporary art market reported on his purchase on-the-cheap of 34 paintings by the Colombian artist Oscar Murillo near the beginning of his career in the early 2000s, paying as low as US$1,500 for some canvases. Since then, between 2012 and 2014, the value of a Murillo work surged by nearly 3,000 percent. In the current auction climate, a typical piece by the artist can command as much as US$400,000 at auction. However, Simchowitz rarely sells the work which he collects, and currently sits on a collection of over 1,500 contemporary works that he values personally at around US$30 million, with "five percent of the works accounting for fifty percent of the value."
In addition to dealing and collecting, Simchowitz also works as an art advisor. He serves a roster of clients whom he advises about the acquisition of contemporary art, offering advice, not only on works produced by artists under his representation, but also on art outside his immediate reach (pieces typically for sale at galleries and auction houses).
On March 6, 2021, Simchowitz opened his first art gallery under his namesake, Simchowitz.com. After college, Simchowitz started a film production company responsible for a number of feature films and shorts, such as Darren Aronofsky's drama, Requiem for a Dream. The Farewell (2011)
Lula (2007)
The Wild (2006)
Till Human Voices Wake Us (2002)
Slap Her... She's French (2002)
Requiem for a Dream (2000)
The Love Letter (1999)
Coming Soon (1999)
Guinevere (1999)
Judas Kiss (1998)
Starstruck (1998)
The Alarmist (1997)
Little City (1997)
The House of Yes (1997)
Johns (1996)
The Chili Con Carne Club (1995) In 1999, Simchowitz co-founded the visual content provider MediaVast. Later in 2007, Getty Images acquired the company for a reported US$207 million. At the time of the sale, the repository held approximately 8.5 million images. Simchowitz is a popular target for critics who claim that his particular penchant for promoting young, undiscovered artists through bulk acquisitions of their work to later flip for profit, destabilizes established workings of the art world — age-old, value-determining systems composed of a long-standing and tight network of critics, publications, universities, museums and galleries that collectively define the nature of 'good' art. He subverts the establishment by selling his curated acquisitions directly to a diverse network of wealthy clients who trust his taste implicitly.
In the media, he has received both ample praise and heavy criticism. He has been called the Michael Milken of the art world, and "a Sith Lord from the Brotherhood of Darkness," by Jerry Saltz. Art Review's entry on Simchowitz states that "if the artworld needed its Howard Stern, its Ari Gold, its Donald Trump, it got 'Simcho': a brash, publicity-hungry yet highly intelligent collector-adviser-dealer...". Andrew M. Goldstein of Artspace argued that "his approach to collecting and nurturing artists systematically abrogates—annihilates—a whole series of beliefs that lie at the foundation of the art world's critical, institutional, and commercial structures." Simchowitz's trademark transparent and honest attitude leads some to believe that he is simply lifting the veil off of previously hidden activities already prevalent in the artworld. Marc Spiegler, director of Art Basel, attributes Simchowitz's success to the fact that he does exactly what the galleries do, except at a significantly faster clip, and the "he has taken a market that was built on opacity and been much more transparent. He goes to an artist's studio; he puts the stuff on Instagram." Spiegler characterizes Simchowitz's practice as similar in function to galleries of past, in that he holds exclusive access to his collector base. As such, the approach has been characterized as paradigm-shifting in the context of the  contemporary art artworld, while snuggly fitting into an extended historical lineage of the artworld's many businessmen.
In 2013, along with Dublin gallerist Ellis King, Simchowitz sued Ghanaian artist Ibrahim Mahama. Mahama had been paid by the dealers, but refused to authenticate derivative works they produced from Mahama's installations of Ghanaian coal sacks. In 2016, Simchowitz settled with Mahama.
In 2017 the Dutch art collective Keeping It Real Art Critics published a documentary about Simchowitz under the disguise of being a German television crew.


Enfield is a suburb in Adelaide, Australia. The suburb is about a 10-minute drive north from Adelaide city centre. The suburb is bordered by Gepps Cross, Blair Athol and Clearview at the northern end, and Prospect, Sefton Park and Broadview at the southern end. Enfield was established as a village in 1843 by George Hickox as group of 44 quarter-acre blocks. Hickox named the village after his birthplace in Middlesex, United Kingdom. The name "Enfield" is derived from the Anglo-Saxon word enedfeld meaning "duck field". Two houses and one church in Enfield are listed on the South Australian Heritage Register.
Pine Forest in Gurney Terrace, was built in the 1850s by colonist Charles French Folland Snr.
Barton Vale in Walker Court was the first "grand home" built by pastoralist Edmund Bowman, who arrived in the colony in 1839. The house was originally part of a farm, and was occupied by the Bowman family until 1922. After being acquired by the Salvation Army, it was became Barton Vale Girls' Home. Taken over by the state government in 1947, it was renamed Vaughan House Training School for Girls, named after Adelaide social reformer Dorothy Vaughan (1881–1974), and used as a government-run reformatory ("home for wayward girls") and known as Vaughan House until 1979. From then until 1993 it was renamed the South Australian Youth Remand and Assessment Centre. Singer-songwriter Ruby Hunter was placed in this home after having an argument with her foster brother in the family in which she had been previously placed.
St. Clement's Anglican Church on Main North Road had its Foundation Stone laid on the 27th July 1858 but the Church was not opened for worship until 1867. The church was designed by James William Cole in the Gothic Style on land donated by William Bartley. In 1878 the boundaries of the parish extended ‘from Prospect Village, north of North Adelaide to within 12½ miles of Gawler, including the districts of Enfield, Salisbury and Virginia’. It become known as the “Little Church on the Hill” and it was a landmark for ships coming into port. For many years the Emblem of the City of Enfield depicted St. Clement’s Church in the top right hand corner. In 1969 urgent repairs were needed to maintain the old building. Advice from independent sources, including the National Trust, agreed that major restorations needed to be carried out to preserve the old church. Services are still conducted at the church each Sunday. Enfield is governed by the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council (seated at Port Adelaide) at the local government level. The council has one of its main offices located in the Enfield Public Library, the site of the seat of the former City of Enfield, which amalgamated with the City of Port Adelaide in 1996.
At state government level, Enfield is contained in the state electoral district of Enfield.
The Enfield electorate was first created in 1956-1970 and then later re-established as a part of the 1998 electorate redistributions. Another redistribution in 2003 resulted in the alteration of the southern border. Enfield has two public schools, Enfield High School and Enfield Primary School. Enfield High (now merged with Roma Mitchell Secondary College) is located on Grand Junction Road. Enfield Primary is located nearby.
St Gabriel's School in Whittington Street is a Catholic primary school with enrolments from Reception to Year 7. It is the parish school of the Good Shepherd Church in Clearview. Enfield has a small shopping centre located near the library, which includes Enfield Post Office. The southern end of Enfield is well serviced by Northpark Shopping Centre, Regency Plaza and Sefton Plaza, located in the neighbouring suburbs of Prospect and Sefton Park. Several bus routes travel from Adelaide CBD to various destinations in the northern suburbs via Main North Road, on Enfield's western boundary. Circle Line route 300 services Regency Road on the southern boundary of Enfield and links the suburb with various destinations, such as Arndale Shopping Centre and Norwood. Bus routes 237 and 361 travel along Grand Junction Road on the northern boundary of Enfield to Port Adelaide, Valley View and Tea Tree Plaza.<PIC>


Leighlinbridge Castle, also called Black Castle, is in the village of Leighlinbridge, County Carlow, Ireland, on the River Barrow.
The early castle was built c.1181 for the Normans. In the 1540s a Carmelite friary was converted into a new fort by Edward Bellingham. The remains of the castle are now dilapidated - a 50-foot-tall (15 m) broken castle tower and parts of one side of an enclosing wall are still extant.<PIC> The Norman castle, was founded c.1181 by John de Clahull (or Claville) under the auspices of Hugh de Lacy.
The original construct, together with the nine-arched bridge over the River Barrow formed the main landmarks of the town; and the construction of the castle, in itself creating a place of importance has been credited as a key cause in the development of the town of Leighlin-Bridge.
In the early 1270s the Carmelites first came to Ireland, and established their first friary in Leighlinbridge, on a site near the castle. The bridge across the river was built c.1320. Another castle, the 'White Castle' was built nearby, c.1408, by Gerald FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Kildare. By 1840 there were no remains of this castle, and its location had been lost.
In 1543 the friary was suppressed, and in 1546 Edward Bellingham converted the friary into a fort with a surrounding wall - the fort became a military center for all of Leinster. Bellingham also established a stables at the castle, of around two dozen horses.
In 1577 Rory Oge O'More of Laois is said to have captured the castle (then under the command of George Carew) and destroyed part the town; according to John Ryan in The History and Antiquities of the County of Carlow (1833) the castle was not captured and though the skirmish between assailants and defenders came to the gates of the castle it was repelled.
During the 1590s O'Neill rebellion (see Nine Years' War ) the castle was repaired and re-garrisoned for the crown. In 1604 the castle was granted as socage by the king to George Tuchet, Lord Awdeley.
During the Irish Rebellion of 1641 the castle was initially garrisoned by the Catholic confederation, and in 1647 and 1649 was used as a rallying point by the Maquis of Ormond. In 1649 the castle was captured by Col. Hewson for the forces of Oliver Cromwell. In the 1840s the remains of the castle itself consisted of a four sided enclosure wall  315 by 234 feet (96 by 71 m), approximately 7 feet (2.1 m) thick and enclosed on three sides by a ditch (or moat), and on the fourth by the river. The 15th C. keep was situated at the northwestern corner, rectangular in form and nearly 50 feet (15 m) tall. By the 1840s the structure was derelict, with only one outer wall remaining, and a single floor of the keep, supported by an arch still standing;  there was also the remains of a round tower in the southwest corner - the remains rose to 24 feet (7.3 m) with walls 10 feet (3.0 m) thick.
A more modern analysis of the Black Castle classifies it as a three-story limestone tower house, with the lowest story vaulted, with the roof enclosed by walls with mural passageways. Both the tower and the surrounding rectangular bawn have artillery openings, and are architecturally indicative of a 16th-century building.


Eiji Toyoda (豊田 英二, Toyoda Eiji, 12 September 1913 – 17 September 2013) was a Japanese industrialist.  He was largely responsible for bringing Toyota Motor Corporation to profitability and worldwide prominence during his tenure as president and later, as chairman. He was succeeded as the president of Toyota by Shoichiro Toyoda.<PIC> Toyoda studied mechanical engineering at Tokyo Imperial University from 1933 to 1936. During this time his cousin Kiichiro established an automobile plant at the Toyoda Automatic Loom Works in the city of Nagoya in central Japan. Toyoda joined his cousin in the plant at the conclusion of his degree and throughout their lives they shared a deep friendship. In 1938, Kiichiro asked Eiji to oversee construction of a newer factory about 32 km east of Nagoya on the site of a red pine forest in the town of Koromo, later renamed Toyota City. Known as the Honsha ("headquarters") plant, to this day it is considered the "mother factory" for Toyota Motor production facilities worldwide.
Toyoda visited Ford River Rouge Complex at Dearborn, Michigan, during the early 1950s. He was awed by the scale of the facility but dismissive of what he saw as its inefficiencies. Toyota Motor had been in the business of manufacturing cars for 13 years at this stage, and had produced just over 2,500 automobiles. The Ford plant in contrast manufactured 8,000 vehicles a day. Due to this experience, Toyoda decided to adopt American automobile mass production methods but with a qualitative twist.
Toyoda collaborated with Taiichi Ohno, a veteran loom machinist, to develop core concepts of what later became known as the 'Toyota Way', such as the Kanban system of labeling parts used on assembly lines, which was an early precursor to bar codes. They also fine-tuned the concept of Kaizen, a process of incremental but constant improvements designed to cut production and labor costs while boosting overall quality.
As a managing director of Toyota Motor, Toyoda failed in his first attempt to crack the U.S. market with the underpowered Toyota Crown sedan in the 1950s, but he succeeded with the Toyota Corolla compact in 1968, a year after taking over as president of the company. During the car's development phase, Toyoda, as executive vice-president, had to overcome the objections of then-president Fukio Nakagawa to install a newly developed 1.0-liter engine, air conditioning and automatic transmissions in the Corolla.
Appointed the fifth president of Toyota Motor, Toyoda went on to become the company's longest serving chief executive thus far. In 1981, he stepped down as president and assumed the title of chairman. He was succeeded as president by Shoichiro Toyoda. In 1983, as chairman, Eiji decided to compete in the luxury car market, which culminated in the 1989 introduction of Lexus. Toyoda stepped down as chairman of Toyota in 1994 at the age of 81. In his later years, Toyoda was hospitalised for hip problems, and needed to use a wheelchair for a time, yet remained affable and enjoyed tackling sudoku puzzles. He spent most of his last years undergoing treatment at the Toyota Memorial Hospital in Toyota City, Japan, close to company headquarters.
Five days after his 100th birthday, Toyoda died of heart failure in the Toyota Memorial Hospital on 17 September 2013. Paying tribute to Toyoda, David Cole, former chairman of the Center for Automotive Research, said "He was a real visionary and inspirational leader who understood what it would take to make Toyota a successful company." Leslie Kendall, curator of the Petersen Automotive Museum, described Toyoda as the Japanese equivalent of Henry Ford.  April 1971 – Medal of Honor with Blue Ribbon
November 1983 – Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure
November 1990 – Grand Cordon of the Order of the Rising Sun March 1985 – Commander of the Order of Prince Henry of Portugal (ComIH)
December 1990 – Knight Commander of the Order of the White Elephant of Thailand
April 1991 – Grand Officer of the Order of the Crown of Belgium
April 1992 – Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown of Thailand
September 1993 – Honorary Companion of the Order of Australia (AC)
1994 – Automotive Hall of Fame, USA
May 2001 – Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Direkgunabhorn of Thailand Born into a family of textile manufacturers, Eiji Toyoda is the son of Heikichi Toyoda, the brother of Toyoda Loom Works founder Sakichi Toyoda. The descendants of Sakichi Toyoda have long dominated the upper management of Toyota Motors, which was incorporated in 1937. Eiji Toyoda died in September 2013. With his wife, Kazuko Toyoda (died 2002), he had three sons (Kanshiro, Tetsuro and Shuhei) and many grandchildren.


Phil Stubbins is a former player and football manager. He was recently appointed Head Coach of Adelaide Croatia Raiders.<PIC> Stubbins is from Hull, England, migrating to Australia in 1988.
After schoolboy beginnings with his hometown club Hull City AFC, Stubbins also played top flight Football in Australia for both Heidelberg United and South Melbourne FC, as well as fulfilling further playing opportunities within South East Asia.
Leaving Australian football altogether for a period in 1993, he pursued interests onto the Australasian PGA Golf Tour.
His golfing ambitions failed however, lured back to football as player/manager of Westvale Olympic FC in 1994.
He spent the next few years fulfilling a coaching/playing role until retiring from playing altogether in 2001. Although never actually participating on the PGA golf tour, Stubbins successfully secured his Australasian PGA Tour card in 1993 and 1994.
He led the field at qualifying school in 1993 by shooting a -5 under par 68 on the opening day. Venue – Spring Valley Golf Club, Victoria. Westvale Olympic FC
Stubbins first stint into club management was with Westvale Olympic. Together with the club he successfully travelled through the State leagues of Victorian football by claiming a championship in each of the years 94, 95, 96, 98.
Whittlesea Stallions FC
Whittlesea Stallions FC became a newly formed member of the Victorian State League in 2000. Stubbins coached the youthful Stallions to two championships in their first two campaigns before moving on in 2004.
Heidelberg United FC
As a former player of the club, Stubbins returned as coach to Heidelberg United in 2004. His first year in charge was again to prove fruitful, as the club were crowned champions of the Victorian State League, 1st division. The club finished Runner/up in the Victorian Premier League the following season and also attained a grand final berth against eventual winners Green Gully FC.
Richmond FC
Joining the German backed outfit in last position on the Victorian Premier League table as their Manager, Stubbins successfully helped steer the club away from relegation and finish a respectable mid-table.
Coach of the Year
Stubbins was named Victorian, Coach of the Year in 2005/6 and was appointed Head Coach of the Victorian State team. During this time the representative team won the Mayor's Cup tournament in China by overcoming Tianjin Teda FC in the Final.
Adelaide United
In 2007 Stubbins joined Adelaide United of the Australian A-League as first team Coach with Aurelio Vidmar, as manager. Together they experienced many successful occasions during their Asian Champions League forays and a place in the prestigious World Club Cup in 2008.
They also held a place in the A-League Grand Final of 2009, losing 1–0 to Melbourne Victory.
Australian Institute of Sport
Stubbins spent a year with the Men's football program in Canberra.
The institute is a facility for Sports Science and Best Practice.
Thailand
In 2012 Stubbins further expanded on his football experiences by taking an offer to work in South East Asia and the Thai Premier League, in particular.
He spent a year with Police United FC as their Technical Director before moving over to Bangkok Glass FC with (7) games remaining of their campaign as Manager/Head Coach. Stubbins concluded the campaign as 'Coach of the Month' for Thailand.
However, both parties agreed on a split before the season got under way in March 2013.
In September 2013 Stubbins accepted a mid-season offer to join Ayutthaya FC of Thailand. The 1st division club ultimately going on to consolidate an 8th-place finish in the league after undertaking a twelve-game unbeaten run under Stubbins guidance.
Newcastle Jets
Stubbins signed as Head Coach of the Australian A-League club the Newcastle Jets on 5 May 2014.
This proved a difficult time for Stubbins, as the club continued its struggles to find finals football for the fifth straight season despite the change of management.
Prince Alfred College
In October 2015, Stubbins joined the Prince Alfred College as Head of Football.
Campbelltown City SC
In September 2019 Phil Stubbins was appointed Head Coach with Campbelltown City SC, after serving a year as assistant coach. The club were crowned National Premier league Champions of South Australia in 2019 and 2020. Adelaide United became the first ever Australian football team to reach an Asian Champions League Final when they played Japanese Champions Gamba Osaka in 2008.
Most notable wins from ACL campaigns.. Adelaide United 3v0 Bunyodkor (Uzbekistan Champions) / Adelaide United 1v0 Kashima Antlers (Japanese champions) / Shaendong Lueng (Chinese champions) 0v2 Adelaide United / Pohang Steelers (Sth Korean Champions) 0v2 Adelaide United In 2008 Adelaide United participated in the FIFA Club World Cup with Manchester United the eventual winners of the Tokyo held event.
Adelaide United defeated Waitakere FC NZ 2–1 in their opening match and further went on to defeat African Champions, Al Ahly FC of Egypt 1–0.
They exited the FIFA World Club Cup in the Quarter finals by losing to eventual finalist's Gamba Osaka of Japan 0–1. Stubbins joined Football Federation Australia in 2011. Working as an assistant/analyst with various Australian National youth teams and also with the Men's football program at the Australian Institute of Sport. In 2012 Stubbins further expanded on his football experiences by taking an offer to work in South East Asia and the Thai Premier League, in particular.
He spent a year with Police United FC as their Technical Director before moving over to Bangkok Glass FC with (7) games remaining of their campaign as Manager/Head Coach. Stubbins concluded the campaign with Bangkok Glass FC as 'Coach of the Month' for Thailand.
However, both parties agreed on a split before the season got under way in March 2013.
In September 2013 Stubbins accepted an offer to join 16th placed Ayutthaya FC of Thailand. The 1st division club ultimately going on to consolidate an 8th-place finish in the league after undertaking a twelve-game unbeaten run under Stubbins guidance. Pro Diploma / AFC 'A' Licence / F.A. International Licence