---
license: other
license_name: mixed-see-readme
task_categories:
  - visual-question-answering
tags:
  - surgery
  - surgical-video
  - foreign-object-detection
  - orena-focus
---

# ORena FOCUS 2026 — SEGMENT supplementary annotations (public half)

Supplementary VQA annotations produced by **MLO-Lab** for the ORena FOCUS 2026 SEGMENT
track. This is the openly releasable half; the LapChole-FOCUS half is withheld under that
dataset's usage agreement until the organisers publish it.

| | rows |
|---|---:|
| `vqa/heico_derived.jsonl` — HeiCo-FOCUS | 1,300 |
| `vqa/hernia_mesh.jsonl` — hernia videos | 140 |
| **total** | **1,440** |

Also included: `raw/hernia_mesh_annotations/` (12 frame-level annotation sheets) and
`frames/` (2,539 JPEGs, 290 MB).

## Frames

**HeiCo frames are not redistributed.** Every frame is named by its absolute index in the
source video, so a question's window plus `base_fps` (25.0) determines the filenames from
your own copy of FOCUS.

**Hernia frames are included** because the videos are not part of FOCUS and cannot be
obtained otherwise:

* `frames/clips/<video>/frame<NNNNNNN>.jpg` — 2,307 frames the questions refer to.
  `base_fps` is 1.0, so index *n* is second *n*.
* `frames/annotated/<video>/<video>__HH-MM-SS.jpg` — 232 frames carrying the sheet
  annotations.

Every shipped frame lies inside a window that a released annotation covers; no frame outside
an annotated segment is included.

## Licensing

Not uniform — read before reuse.

* **HeiCo-derived questions** — derivative annotations of HeiCo-FOCUS; the underlying
  dataset's terms apply.
* **Hernia frames and questions** — the source videos carry the **standard YouTube licence,
  not an open licence**. We redistribute annotated frames only, never the video, under a
  direct agreement with the channel owner, for **non-commercial research use only**.
  Full provenance with titles and links is in [`SOURCES.md`](SOURCES.md) and
  `sources.json`.

## Use

Code, schemas and the merge tooling: **https://github.com/MLO-lab/segment-orena**

```bash
python annotations/fetch.py                 # this repo
python segment_track/integrate_released_annotations.py \
    --export sft_export_128 --annotations annotations --n-frames 128
```

Questions inherit their clip from the matching window in your own official export, so no
FOCUS frames need redistributing.

With this half you rebuild **21,440** of the 23,454 training rows: the official 20,000 plus
the 1,440 questions here. The remaining 2,014 are the withheld LapChole questions.

## Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Dr. Todd S. Harris of California Hernia Specialists, who kindly allowed us
to use twelve of his publicly available laparoscopic hernia-repair videos in this work. His
permission covers non-commercial research use and the release of the annotated frames; the
original videos remain his and are not redistributed. The video titles and links are listed
in `SOURCES.md`.