Split (1)

train · 139k rows

messages listlengths 2 2
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given a string s=s_1s_2... s_n of length n, which only contains digits 1, 2, ..., 9.\n\nA substring s[l ... r] of s is a string s_l s_{l + 1} s_{l + 2} … s_r. A substring s[l ... r] of s is called even if the number represented by it is even. \n\nFind the number of even...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to find the minimum difference between the maximum and minimum values of any subarray of size k.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\ndef min_diff_subarray(arr, k):\n```\n\nPlease place the solution code in ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Given two strings `ransomNote` and `magazine`, return `true` _if_ `ransomNote` _can be constructed by using the letters from_ `magazine` _and_ `false` _otherwise_.\n\nEach letter in `magazine` can only be used once in `ransomNote`.\n\nExample 1:\n\nInput: ransomNote = \...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a python function that takes a list of numbers as input and returns a list of tuples. Each tuple represents the minimum and maximum value from the original list excluding the current number at the index.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\n...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a Python function that takes a string as input and returns the string with the characters replaced according to the given rules. The function should replace all occurrences of a digit x in the string with a digit y, and return the modified string. The function should hand...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Takahashi had a pair of two positive integers not exceeding N, (a,b), which he has forgotten. He remembers that the remainder of a divided by b was greater than or equal to K. Find the number of possible pairs that he may have had.\n\nConstraints\n\n* 1 \\leq N \\leq 10^5\n* 0 ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Dora the explorer has decided to use her money after several years of juicy royalties to go shopping. What better place to shop than Nlogonia?\n\nThere are n stores numbered from 1 to n in Nlogonia. The i-th of these stores offers a positive integer a_i.\n\nEach day among the l...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to check if a string contains any repeating characters within a given character window.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\ndef has_repeating_chars_within_window(input_string, window_size):\n```\n\nPlease p...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "If you have not ever heard the term Arithmetic Progrossion, refer to: \nhttp://www.codewars.com/kata/find-the-missing-term-in-an-arithmetic-progression/python\n\nAnd here is an unordered version. Try if you can survive lists of MASSIVE numbers (which means time limit sh...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "An undirected graph of `n` nodes is defined by `edgeList`, where `edgeList[i] = [ui, vi, disi]` denotes an edge between nodes `ui` and `vi` with distance `disi`. Note that there may be multiple edges between two nodes, and the graph may not be connected.\n\nImplement the `Dista...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "A TV show called \"Guess a number!\" is gathering popularity. The whole Berland, the old and the young, are watching the show.\n\nThe rules are simple. The host thinks of an integer y and the participants guess it by asking questions to the host. There are four types of accepta...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Hasan loves playing games and has recently discovered a game called TopScore. In this soccer-like game there are p players doing penalty shoot-outs. Winner is the one who scores the most. In case of ties, one of the top-scorers will be declared as the winner randomly with equal...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Solve the query ,\n\ngiven f(0)=0 , f(1)=1 , f(2)=1 \n\nf(n) = f(n-2) + f(n-3) + n*2 \n\nInput\n\nFirst line denotes the number of test cases T\n\nT lines follow each containing a number n\n\nOutput\n\nOutput T lines, As the number can be very large, output the answer modulo 10...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "The new camp by widely-known over the country Spring Programming Camp is going to start soon. Hence, all the team of friendly curators and teachers started composing the camp's schedule. After some continuous discussion, they came up with a schedule $s$, which can be represente...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Today at the lesson of mathematics, Petya learns about the digital root.\n\nThe digital root of a non-negative integer is the single digit value obtained by an iterative process of summing digits, on each iteration using the result from the previous iteration to compute a digit...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "There are $n$ classrooms in a school, each initially containing $a_i$ students. An additional $m$ students will be distributed among these classrooms. \n\nLet $k$ be the maximum number of students in any classroom after the $m$ new students are added. Determine the minimum poss...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Example\nInput\n\n4\n1 1 2\n\n\nOutput\n\n6\n\nWrite Python code to solve the problem. Please place the solution code in the following format:\n```python\n# Your solution code here\n```" }, { "role": "assistant", "content": "```python\nimport sys\n\ndef solve():\n ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given two strings s and t, each of length n and consisting of lowercase Latin alphabets. You want to make s equal to t. \n\nYou can perform the following operation on s any number of times to achieve it — \n\n * Choose any substring of s and rotate it clockwise once, t...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Last summer Peter was at his granny's in the country, when a wolf attacked sheep in the nearby forest. Now he fears to walk through the forest, to walk round the forest, even to get out of the house. He explains this not by the fear of the wolf, but by a strange, in his opinion...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Ranjit has been assigned a task by his boss he has to mark n integer points in a co-ordinate system \nwhich are all distinct and then calculate the number of regular quadrilaterals which are constructed with the\nhelp of available points \nand its sides being parallel to the co...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a python function to calculate the total score of a game of darts given a string. The game's rules are as follows: \n- The score of a dart throw is represented by a number followed by a letter: 'S', 'D', 'T' which indicate the dart's score should be raised to the 1st, 2nd...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "An undirected graph of `n` nodes is defined by `edgeList`, where `edgeList[i] = [ui, vi, disi]` denotes an edge between nodes `ui` and `vi` with distance `disi`. Note that there may be multiple edges between two nodes, and the graph may not be connected.\n\nImplement the `Dista...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "In one one-dimensional world there are n platforms. Platform with index k (platforms are numbered from 1) is a segment with coordinates [(k - 1)m, (k - 1)m + l], and l < m. Grasshopper Bob starts to jump along the platforms from point 0, with each jump he moves exactly d units ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given an integer N. Determine if there exists a tuple of subsets of \\\\{1,2,...N\\\\}, (S_1,S_2,...,S_k), that satisfies the following conditions:\n\n* Each of the integers 1,2,...,N is contained in exactly two of the sets S_1,S_2,...,S_k.\n* Any two of the sets S_1,S_...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "«Polygon» is a system which allows to create programming tasks in a simple and professional way. When you add a test to the problem, the corresponding form asks you for the test index. As in most cases it is clear which index the next test will have, the system suggests the def...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Given two strings low and high that represent two integers `low` and `high` where `low <= high`, return _the number of strobogrammatic numbers in the range_ `[low, high]`.\n\nA strobogrammatic number is a number that looks the same when rotated `180` degrees (looked at ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to find all possible paths from source to target in a directed graph represented as a list of lists.\n\nThe graph is given as follows: the nodes are 0, 1, ..., graph.length - 1. graph[i] is a list of all nodes j for which the edge (i, j) exists.\n\nSolve the pr...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "We need to write some code to return the original price of a product, the return type must be of type decimal and the number must be rounded to two decimal places.\n\nWe will be given the sale price (discounted price), and the sale percentage, our job is to figure out the origi...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "As [breadcrumb menùs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breadcrumb_%28navigation%29) are quite popular today, I won't digress much on explaining them, leaving the wiki link to do all the dirty work in my place.\n\nWhat might not be so trivial is instead to get a decent breadcrumb f...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "It is now 125 years later, but humanity is still on the run from a humanoid-cyborg race determined to destroy it. Or perhaps we are getting some stories mixed up here... In any case, the fleet is now smaller. However, in a recent upgrade, all the navigation systems have been ou...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Sasha is a very happy guy, that's why he is always on the move. There are n cities in the country where Sasha lives. They are all located on one straight line, and for convenience, they are numbered from 1 to n in increasing order. The distance between any two adjacent cities i...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to check if a given sequence of numbers can be a valid post-order traversal sequence of a binary search tree (BST).\n\nThe function should take a list of integers as input and return True if the sequence can be a valid post-order traversal sequence of a BST, an...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Rick and his co-workers have made a new radioactive formula and a lot of bad guys are after them. So Rick wants to give his legacy to Morty before bad guys catch them. \n\nThere are n planets in their universe numbered from 1 to n. Rick is in planet number s (the earth) and he ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are lost in a dense jungle and it is getting dark. There is at least one path that leads you to the city on the other side but you cannot see anything until you are right in front of it as the trees and bushes obscure the path. \n\nDevise an algorithm that is guaranteed to...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "A new e-mail service \"Berlandesk\" is going to be opened in Berland in the near future. The site administration wants to launch their project as soon as possible, that's why they ask you to help. You're suggested to implement the prototype of site registration system. The syst...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a python function to find the maximum number of unique elements that can be picked from the list such that the sum of those elements does not exceed a given sum.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\ndef max_pick(nums, ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to find the length of the longest consecutive sequence of parentheses in a given string.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\ndef longest_consecutive_parentheses(s: str) -> int:\n```\n\nPlease place the solu...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a python function to determine if a string can be rearranged into a palindrome. If not possible, return -1. If possible, return the index of the first non-palindrome character from the left side of the string. If the entire string can be rearranged into a palindrome, retu...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Mashmokh's boss, Bimokh, didn't like Mashmokh. So he fired him. Mashmokh decided to go to university and participate in ACM instead of finding a new job. He wants to become a member of Bamokh's team. In order to join he was given some programming tasks and one week to solve the...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given four integers A, B, C, and D. Find the number of integers between A and B (inclusive) that can be evenly divided by neither C nor D.\n\nConstraints\n\n* 1\\leq A\\leq B\\leq 10^{18}\n* 1\\leq C,D\\leq 10^9\n* All values in\ninput are integers.\n\nInput\n\nInput is...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "A website domain \"discuss.leetcode.com\" consists of various subdomains. At the top level, we have \"com\", at the next level, we have \"leetcode.com\" and at the lowest level, \"discuss.leetcode.com\". When we visit a domain like \"discuss.leetcode.com\", we will also visit t...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "In one one-dimensional world there are n platforms. Platform with index k (platforms are numbered from 1) is a segment with coordinates [(k - 1)m, (k - 1)m + l], and l < m. Grasshopper Bob starts to jump along the platforms from point 0, with each jump he moves exactly d units ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "The robot revolution is finally here, albeit not quite in the highly explosive way envisioned in various science fiction books and movies. It seems that, perhaps due to a small typo in the AI source code, the robots are not taking our lives but instead taking our livelihoods. O...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "The chef is fond of triangles. He has a task for you. You are given n point out of which only k are collinear. Find the number of triangles that can be formed from these n points. \nYou have to perform the above task for a number of test cases.\nInput\nThe first line of input c...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a Python function to calculate the depth of a given binary tree. The depth of a binary tree is the number of nodes along the longest path from the root node to the farthest leaf node.\n\nYou should include the predefined classes here:\nclass TreeNode(object):\n def __i...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "# Problem Description\n\nLet's imagine a function `F(n)`, which is defined over the integers\nin the range of `1 <= n <= max_n`, and `0 <= F(n) <= max_fn` for every `n`.\n\nThere are `(1 + max_fn) ** max_n` possible definitions of `F` in total.\n\nOut of those definitions, how ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Monitor and log memory usage of a specific process by its PID at regular intervals (in seconds) for a given duration (in seconds). \nThe function first validate if the PID is a currently running process. It should raise the exception for: ValueError: If 'pid' is not a valid run...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are tasked with writing a Python function `preprocess_timed_data` that processes a given DataFrame containing time-series data. Your function should perform the following steps:\n\n1. Drop the 'index' Column: If there is a column named 'index' in the DataFrame, it shoul...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "In a parallel universe, the Flurbos are organizing their annual parade. There are n Flurbos standing in a line, each wearing a unique hat color represented by an integer between 1 and n. The parade organizers want to divide the Flurbos into segments where each segment forms a c...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You happened to get a special bicycle. You can run with it incredibly fast because it has a turbo engine. You can't wait to try it off road to enjoy the power.\n\nYou planned to go straight. The ground is very rough with ups and downs, and can be seen as a series of slopes (lin...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Btoh yuo adn yuor roomatme lhoate wianshg disehs, btu stlil sdmoeboy msut peorrfm tihs cohre dialy. Oen dya yuo decdie to idourtcne smoe syestm. Yuor rmmotaoe sstgegus teh fooniwllg dael. Yuo argee on tow arayrs of ientgres M adn R, nmebur upmicnog dyas (induiclng teh cunrret o...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to find the number of days until a product can be shipped given the production rate, current inventory, and the order amount.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\nclass Solution:\n\tdef calculate_days_until_...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "The Gray code (see wikipedia for more details) is a well-known concept.\nOne of its important properties is that every two adjacent numbers have exactly one different digit in their binary representation.\n\n\nIn this problem, we will give you n non-negative integers in a seque...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function that takes a list of strings and a target string, then returns the number of pairs of strings from the list that concatenate to form the target string.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\nclass Solution:\n\...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are looking at the floor plan of the Summer Informatics School's new building. You were tasked with SIS logistics, so you really care about travel time between different locations: it is important to know how long it would take to get from the lecture room to the canteen, o...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a python function to detect a cycle in a directed graph using Depth-First Search (DFS).\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\nclass Solution:\n\tdef detect_cycle(self, n, edges):\n```\n\nPlease place the solution code i...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Some terrorist attacks on Indian border. Now Indian Army have to send his soldiers to fight against terrorist. There are total N soldiers in the camp. Every soldier has a skill denoted by a single character lies between A-Z (all skills are in CAPITAL LETTERS). Now commander gav...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given a positive integer n. Output its binary notation.\n\nInput\n\nThe only line of input data contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 106).\n\nOutput\n\nOutput the binary notation of n (without any leading zeros).\n\nExamples\n\nInput\n\n5\n\n\nOutput\n\n101\n\n\nInput\n\n126\...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Alice, Bob and Charlie are playing Card Game for Three, as below:\n\n* At first, each of the three players has a deck consisting of some number of cards. Each card has a letter `a`, `b` or `c` written on it. The orders of the cards in the decks cannot be rearranged.\n* The play...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "There are K blue balls and N-K red balls. The balls of the same color cannot be distinguished. Snuke and Takahashi are playing with these balls.\n\nFirst, Snuke will arrange the N balls in a row from left to right.\n\nThen, Takahashi will collect only the K blue balls. In one m...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a Python function that calculates the number of different ways to roll a given number of dice (`d`) with a certain number of faces (`f`) so that the sum of the face-up numbers equals a target value (`target`). The function should return the result modulo 10^9 + 7.\n\nThe ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Kleofáš is participating in an n-thlon - a tournament consisting of n different competitions in n different disciplines (numbered 1 through n). There are m participants in the n-thlon and each of them participates in all competitions.\n\nIn each of these n competitions, the par...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Alyona has built n towers by putting small cubes some on the top of others. Each cube has size 1 × 1 × 1. A tower is a non-zero amount of cubes standing on the top of each other. The towers are next to each other, forming a row.\n\nSometimes Alyona chooses some segment towers, ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "A duck hunter is doing his favorite thing, hunting. He lives in a two dimensional world and is located at point (0, 0). As he doesn't like walking for his prey, he prefers to shoot only vertically up (because in this case, the ducks fall straight into his hands). The hunter doe...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "A math competition awards medals to its winners, where each medal has a unique identification code. The code consists of either \"G\" for gold, \"S\" for silver, or \"B\" for bronze, followed by up to 3 digits (0-9). For example, \"G123\", \"S\", \"B99\" are valid, while \"X12\...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Given an array a, consisting of n integers, find:\n\n$$$max_{1 ≤ i < j ≤ n} LCM(a_i,a_j),$$$\n\nwhere LCM(x, y) is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both x and y. For example, LCM(6, 8) = 24, LCM(4, 12) = 12, LCM(2, 3) = 6.\nInput\n\nThe first line contains an ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "This is an interactive problem.\n\nVasya and Vitya play a game. Vasya thought of two integers a and b from 1 to n and Vitya tries to guess them. Each round he tells Vasya two numbers x and y from 1 to n. If both x=a and y=b then Vitya wins. Else Vasya must say one of the three ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Polar bears like unique arrays — that is, arrays without repeated elements.\n\nYou have got a unique array s with length n containing non-negative integers. Since you are good friends with Alice and Bob, you decide to split the array in two. Precisely, you need to construct two...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "problem\n\nDimension exists from $ 1 $ dimension to $ N $ dimension. AOR Ika can move between dimensions. Specifically, when AOR Ika is in the $ i $ dimension, she can move freely to the $ j $ dimension ($ i> j $), but in the $ k $ dimension ($ i <k $). You need to use magic to...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Optimizing the amount of data transmitted via a network is an important and interesting part of developing any network application.\n\nIn one secret game developed deep in the ZeptoLab company, the game universe consists of n levels, located in a circle. You can get from level ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Consider an infinite two-dimensional grid where particles are emitted from distinct points. There are n particles, each starting at position (x_i, y_i) at time 0. The i-th particle moves with velocity (vx_i, vy_i). Each particle has a probability p_i of moving in the positive x...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Dora the explorer has decided to use her money after several years of juicy royalties to go shopping. What better place to shop than Nlogonia?\n\nThere are n stores numbered from 1 to n in Nlogonia. The i-th of these stores offers a positive integer a_i.\n\nEach day among the l...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "We have a cord whose length is a positive integer. We will perform the following condition until the length of the cord becomes at most 2:\n\n* Operation: Cut the rope at two positions to obtain three cords, each with a length of a positive integer. Among these, discard one wit...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "There is a frog staying to the left of the string $s = s_1 s_2 \\ldots s_n$ consisting of $n$ characters (to be more precise, the frog initially stays at the cell $0$). Each character of $s$ is either 'L' or 'R'. It means that if the frog is staying at the $i$-th cell and the $...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given a permutation of the first n positive integers, where n is a power of 2 (i.e., n = 2^k for some integer k ≥ 1). Your task is to sort this permutation in increasing order using the following operation (you may apply it multiple times):\n\n- Select a subarray of len...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "The closing ceremony of Squanch Code Cup is held in the big hall with n × m seats, arranged in n rows, m seats in a row. Each seat has two coordinates (x, y) (1 ≤ x ≤ n, 1 ≤ y ≤ m). \n\nThere are two queues of people waiting to enter the hall: k people are standing at (0, 0) an...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Note that the difference between easy and hard versions is that in hard version unavailable cells can become available again and in easy version can't. You can make hacks only if all versions are solved.\n\nIldar and Ivan are tired of chess, but they really like the chessboard,...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Great performance strategy\n\nTaro, an examinee, participated in an N-day study camp. In this training camp, M subjects are tested every day, and after the training camp, a report card with all the test scores is distributed. The report card consists of N sheets of paper, and o...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Polar bears like unique arrays — that is, arrays without repeated elements.\n\nYou have got a unique array s with length n containing non-negative integers. Since you are good friends with Alice and Bob, you decide to split the array in two. Precisely, you need to construct two...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given an undirected graph with n vertices and m edges. Also, you are given an integer k.\n\nFind either a clique of size k or a non-empty subset of vertices such that each vertex of this subset has at least k neighbors in the subset. If there are no such cliques and sub...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Dr. Asimov, a robotics researcher, released cleaning robots he developed (see Problem B). His robots soon became very popular and he got much income. Now he is pretty rich. Wonderful.\n\nFirst, he renovated his house. Once his house had 9 rooms that were arranged in a square, b...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Wilbur the pig now wants to play with strings. He has found an n by m table consisting only of the digits from 0 to 9 where the rows are numbered 1 to n and the columns are numbered 1 to m. Wilbur starts at some square and makes certain moves. If he is at square (x, y) and the ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given a weighted directed graph, consisting of n vertices and m edges. You should answer q queries of two types:\n\n * 1 v — find the length of shortest path from vertex 1 to vertex v. \n * 2 c l1 l2 ... lc — add 1 to weights of edges with indices l1, l2, ..., lc.\nIn...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "The CS & IT Department students have been facing tough competitions from each other since ages, in being the best in research & innovation.\nThis time CS Department is taken the edge over IT Department by designing a special weather predictor device which\ninputs previous years...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "We call an array almost increasing if we can erase not more than one element from it so that the array becomes strictly increasing (that is, every element is striclty greater than every element before it).\n\nYou are given an array a consisting of n elements. You are allowed to...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Vasya plays the Power Defence. \n\nHe must pass the last level of the game. In order to do this he must kill the Main Villain, who moves in a straight line at speed 1 meter per second from the point ( - ∞, 0) to the point ( + ∞, 0) of the game world. In the points (x, 1) and (x...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "A non-empty string s is called binary, if it consists only of characters \"0\" and \"1\". Let's number the characters of binary string s from 1 to the string's length and let's denote the i-th character in string s as si.\n\nBinary string s with length n is periodical, if there...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Your task is the exact same as for the easy version. But this time, the marmots subtract the village's population P from their random number before responding to Heidi's request.\n\nAlso, there are now villages with as few as a single inhabitant, meaning that $${ 1 \\leq P \\le...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "— Hey folks, how do you like this problem?\n\n— That'll do it. \n\nBThero is a powerful magician. He has got n piles of candies, the i-th pile initially contains a_i candies. BThero can cast a copy-paste spell as follows: \n\n 1. He chooses two piles (i, j) such that 1 ≤ i, j ...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "AquaMoon has n friends. They stand in a row from left to right, and the i-th friend from the left wears a T-shirt with a number a_i written on it. Each friend has a direction (left or right). In the beginning, the direction of each friend is right.\n\nAquaMoon can make some ope...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Dima came to the horse land. There are n horses living in the land. Each horse in the horse land has several enemies (enmity is a symmetric relationship). The horse land isn't very hostile, so the number of enemies of each horse is at most 3.\n\nRight now the horse land is goin...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You play the game with your friend. The description of this game is listed below. \n\nYour friend creates n distinct strings of the same length m and tells you all the strings. Then he randomly chooses one of them. He chooses strings equiprobably, i.e. the probability of choosi...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "You are given a binary string $s$ of length $n$.\n\nLet's define $d_i$ as the number whose decimal representation is $s_i s_{i+1}$ (possibly, with a leading zero). We define $f(s)$ to be the sum of all the valid $d_i$. In other words, $f(s) = \\sum\\limits_{i=1}^{n-1} d_i$.\n\n...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "This is an interactive problem.\n\nYou are given a tree — connected undirected graph without cycles. One vertex of the tree is special, and you have to find which one. You can ask questions in the following form: given an edge of the tree, which endpoint is closer to the specia...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Gohan has found his way into Dr. Gero's lab. There, he finds a circuit. He starts to toy with it. He finds the inverse transverse function $(V_{in}/V_{out})$ i.e (itf) of the circuit. \n\nDr. Gero finds out about this. He gives Gohan an $s$-controller, through which he can rand...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Once Bob saw a string. It contained so many different letters, that the letters were marked by numbers, but at the same time each letter could be met in the string at most 10 times. Bob didn't like that string, because it contained repeats: a repeat of length x is such a substr...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "One day Sasha visited the farmer 2D and his famous magnetic farm. On this farm, the crop grows due to the influence of a special magnetic field. Maintaining of the magnetic field is provided by n machines, and the power of the i-th machine is a_i. \n\nThis year 2D decided to cu...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Write a function to find the maximum sum of non-adjacent elements in a circular array.\n\nYou are given a circular array of integers named `slices`. Your task is to select a subset of non-adjacent elements from `slices` such that the sum of these elements is maximized. However,...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Create a function to convert an octal number to binary.\n\nSolve the problem starting with the provided function header.\n\nFunction header:\n```\ndef octal_to_binary(number):\n```\n\nPlease place the solution code in the following format:\n```python\n# Your solution code here\...
[ { "role": "user", "content": "Vasya commutes by train every day. There are n train stations in the city, and at the i-th station it's possible to buy only tickets to stations from i + 1 to ai inclusive. No tickets are sold at the last station.\n\nLet ρi, j be the minimum number of tickets one needs to buy i...

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