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# --------------------------------------------------------
# References:
# SiT: https://github.com/willisma/SiT
# Lightning-DiT: https://github.com/hustvl/LightningDiT
# --------------------------------------------------------
import torch
import math
import torch.nn.functional as F
from math import pi
import torch
from torch import nn
import numpy as np
from einops import rearrange, repeat
def broadcat(tensors, dim = -1):
num_tensors = len(tensors)
shape_lens = set(list(map(lambda t: len(t.shape), tensors)))
assert len(shape_lens) == 1, 'tensors must all have the same number of dimensions'
shape_len = list(shape_lens)[0]
dim = (dim + shape_len) if dim < 0 else dim
dims = list(zip(*map(lambda t: list(t.shape), tensors)))
expandable_dims = [(i, val) for i, val in enumerate(dims) if i != dim]
assert all([*map(lambda t: len(set(t[1])) <= 2, expandable_dims)]), 'invalid dimensions for broadcastable concatentation'
max_dims = list(map(lambda t: (t[0], max(t[1])), expandable_dims))
expanded_dims = list(map(lambda t: (t[0], (t[1],) * num_tensors), max_dims))
expanded_dims.insert(dim, (dim, dims[dim]))
expandable_shapes = list(zip(*map(lambda t: t[1], expanded_dims)))
tensors = list(map(lambda t: t[0].expand(*t[1]), zip(tensors, expandable_shapes)))
return torch.cat(tensors, dim = dim)
def rotate_half(x):
x = rearrange(x, '... (d r) -> ... d r', r = 2)
x1, x2 = x.unbind(dim = -1)
x = torch.stack((-x2, x1), dim = -1)
return rearrange(x, '... d r -> ... (d r)')
class VisionRotaryEmbedding(nn.Module):
def __init__(
self,
dim,
pt_seq_len,
ft_seq_len=None,
custom_freqs = None,
freqs_for = 'lang',
theta = 10000,
max_freq = 10,
num_freqs = 1,
):
super().__init__()
if custom_freqs:
freqs = custom_freqs
elif freqs_for == 'lang':
freqs = 1. / (theta ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2)[:(dim // 2)].float() / dim))
elif freqs_for == 'pixel':
freqs = torch.linspace(1., max_freq / 2, dim // 2) * pi
elif freqs_for == 'constant':
freqs = torch.ones(num_freqs).float()
else:
raise ValueError(f'unknown modality {freqs_for}')
if ft_seq_len is None: ft_seq_len = pt_seq_len
t = torch.arange(ft_seq_len) / ft_seq_len * pt_seq_len
freqs_h = torch.einsum('..., f -> ... f', t, freqs)
freqs_h = repeat(freqs_h, '... n -> ... (n r)', r = 2)
freqs_w = torch.einsum('..., f -> ... f', t, freqs)
freqs_w = repeat(freqs_w, '... n -> ... (n r)', r = 2)
freqs = broadcat((freqs_h[:, None, :], freqs_w[None, :, :]), dim = -1)
self.register_buffer("freqs_cos", freqs.cos())
self.register_buffer("freqs_sin", freqs.sin())
def forward(self, t, start_index = 0):
rot_dim = self.freqs_cos.shape[-1]
end_index = start_index + rot_dim
assert rot_dim <= t.shape[-1], f'feature dimension {t.shape[-1]} is not of sufficient size to rotate in all the positions {rot_dim}'
t_left, t, t_right = t[..., :start_index], t[..., start_index:end_index], t[..., end_index:]
t = (t * self.freqs_cos) + (rotate_half(t) * self.freqs_sin)
return torch.cat((t_left, t, t_right), dim = -1)
class VisionRotaryEmbeddingFast(nn.Module):
def __init__(
self,
dim,
pt_seq_len=16,
ft_seq_len=None,
custom_freqs = None,
freqs_for = 'lang',
theta = 10000,
max_freq = 10,
num_freqs = 1,
num_cls_token = 0
):
super().__init__()
if custom_freqs:
freqs = custom_freqs
elif freqs_for == 'lang':
freqs = 1. / (theta ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2)[:(dim // 2)].float() / dim))
elif freqs_for == 'pixel':
freqs = torch.linspace(1., max_freq / 2, dim // 2) * pi
elif freqs_for == 'constant':
freqs = torch.ones(num_freqs).float()
else:
raise ValueError(f'unknown modality {freqs_for}')
if ft_seq_len is None: ft_seq_len = pt_seq_len
t = torch.arange(ft_seq_len) / ft_seq_len * pt_seq_len
freqs = torch.einsum('..., f -> ... f', t, freqs)
freqs = repeat(freqs, '... n -> ... (n r)', r = 2)
freqs = broadcat((freqs[:, None, :], freqs[None, :, :]), dim = -1)
if num_cls_token > 0:
freqs_flat = freqs.view(-1, freqs.shape[-1]) # [N_img, D]
cos_img = freqs_flat.cos()
sin_img = freqs_flat.sin()
# prepend in-context cls token
N_img, D = cos_img.shape
cos_pad = torch.ones(num_cls_token, D, dtype=cos_img.dtype, device=cos_img.device)
sin_pad = torch.zeros(num_cls_token, D, dtype=sin_img.dtype, device=sin_img.device)
self.freqs_cos = torch.cat([cos_pad, cos_img], dim=0).cuda() # [N_cls+N_img, D]
self.freqs_sin = torch.cat([sin_pad, sin_img], dim=0).cuda()
else:
self.freqs_cos = freqs.cos().view(-1, freqs.shape[-1]).cuda()
self.freqs_sin = freqs.sin().view(-1, freqs.shape[-1]).cuda()
def forward(self, t):
if self.freqs_cos.device != t.device:
self.freqs_cos = self.freqs_cos.to(t.device)
self.freqs_sin = self.freqs_sin.to(t.device)
return t * self.freqs_cos + rotate_half(t) * self.freqs_sin
class RMSNorm(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, hidden_size, eps=1e-6):
"""
LlamaRMSNorm is equivalent to T5LayerNorm
"""
super().__init__()
self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(hidden_size))
self.variance_epsilon = eps
def forward(self, hidden_states):
input_dtype = hidden_states.dtype
hidden_states = hidden_states.to(torch.float32)
variance = hidden_states.pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True)
hidden_states = hidden_states * torch.rsqrt(variance + self.variance_epsilon)
return (self.weight * hidden_states).to(input_dtype)
def get_2d_sincos_pos_embed(embed_dim, grid_size, cls_token=False, extra_tokens=0):
"""
grid_size: int of the grid height and width
return:
pos_embed: [grid_size*grid_size, embed_dim] or [1+grid_size*grid_size, embed_dim] (w/ or w/o cls_token)
"""
grid_h = np.arange(grid_size, dtype=np.float32)
grid_w = np.arange(grid_size, dtype=np.float32)
grid = np.meshgrid(grid_w, grid_h) # here w goes first
grid = np.stack(grid, axis=0)
grid = grid.reshape([2, 1, grid_size, grid_size])
pos_embed = get_2d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim, grid)
if cls_token and extra_tokens > 0:
pos_embed = np.concatenate([np.zeros([extra_tokens, embed_dim]), pos_embed], axis=0)
return pos_embed
def get_2d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim, grid):
assert embed_dim % 2 == 0
# use half of dimensions to encode grid_h
emb_h = get_1d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim // 2, grid[0]) # (H*W, D/2)
emb_w = get_1d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim // 2, grid[1]) # (H*W, D/2)
emb = np.concatenate([emb_h, emb_w], axis=1) # (H*W, D)
return emb
def get_1d_sincos_pos_embed_from_grid(embed_dim, pos):
"""
embed_dim: output dimension for each position
pos: a list of positions to be encoded: size (M,)
out: (M, D)
"""
assert embed_dim % 2 == 0
omega = np.arange(embed_dim // 2, dtype=np.float64)
omega /= embed_dim / 2.
omega = 1. / 10000**omega # (D/2,)
pos = pos.reshape(-1) # (M,)
out = np.einsum('m,d->md', pos, omega) # (M, D/2), outer product
emb_sin = np.sin(out) # (M, D/2)
emb_cos = np.cos(out) # (M, D/2)
emb = np.concatenate([emb_sin, emb_cos], axis=1) # (M, D)
return emb
def modulate(x, shift, scale):
return x * (1 + scale.unsqueeze(1)) + shift.unsqueeze(1)
class BottleneckPatchEmbed(nn.Module):
""" Image to Patch Embedding
"""
def __init__(self, img_size=224, patch_size=16, in_chans=3, pca_dim=768, embed_dim=768, bias=True):
super().__init__()
img_size = (img_size, img_size)
patch_size = (patch_size, patch_size)
num_patches = (img_size[1] // patch_size[1]) * (img_size[0] // patch_size[0])
self.img_size = img_size
self.patch_size = patch_size
self.num_patches = num_patches
self.proj1 = nn.Conv2d(in_chans, pca_dim, kernel_size=patch_size, stride=patch_size, bias=False)
self.proj2 = nn.Conv2d(pca_dim, embed_dim, kernel_size=1, stride=1, bias=bias)
def forward(self, x):
B, C, H, W = x.shape
assert H == self.img_size[0] and W == self.img_size[1], \
f"Input image size ({H}*{W}) doesn't match model ({self.img_size[0]}*{self.img_size[1]})."
x = self.proj2(self.proj1(x)).flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)
return x
class PatchEmbed(nn.Module):
""" Image to Patch Embedding
"""
def __init__(self, img_size=224, patch_size=16, in_chans=3, pca_dim=768, embed_dim=768, bias=True):
super().__init__()
img_size = (img_size, img_size)
patch_size = (patch_size, patch_size)
num_patches = (img_size[1] // patch_size[1]) * (img_size[0] // patch_size[0])
self.img_size = img_size
self.patch_size = patch_size
self.num_patches = num_patches
self.proj1 = nn.Conv2d(in_chans, embed_dim, kernel_size=patch_size, stride=patch_size, bias=bias)
def forward(self, x):
B, C, H, W = x.shape
assert H == self.img_size[0] and W == self.img_size[1], \
f"Input image size ({H}*{W}) doesn't match model ({self.img_size[0]}*{self.img_size[1]})."
x = self.proj1(x).flatten(2).transpose(1, 2)
return x
class TimestepEmbedder(nn.Module):
"""
Embeds scalar timesteps into vector representations.
"""
def __init__(self, hidden_size, frequency_embedding_size=256):
super().__init__()
self.mlp = nn.Sequential(
nn.Linear(frequency_embedding_size, hidden_size, bias=True),
nn.SiLU(),
nn.Linear(hidden_size, hidden_size, bias=True),
)
self.frequency_embedding_size = frequency_embedding_size
@staticmethod
def timestep_embedding(t, dim, max_period=10000):
"""
Create sinusoidal timestep embeddings.
:param t: a 1-D Tensor of N indices, one per batch element.
These may be fractional.
:param dim: the dimension of the output.
:param max_period: controls the minimum frequency of the embeddings.
:return: an (N, D) Tensor of positional embeddings.
"""
# https://github.com/openai/glide-text2im/blob/main/glide_text2im/nn.py
half = dim // 2
freqs = torch.exp(
-math.log(max_period) * torch.arange(start=0, end=half, dtype=torch.float32) / half
).to(device=t.device)
args = t[:, None].float() * freqs[None]
embedding = torch.cat([torch.cos(args), torch.sin(args)], dim=-1)
if dim % 2:
embedding = torch.cat([embedding, torch.zeros_like(embedding[:, :1])], dim=-1)
return embedding
def forward(self, t):
t_freq = self.timestep_embedding(t, self.frequency_embedding_size)
t_emb = self.mlp(t_freq)
return t_emb
class LabelEmbedder(nn.Module):
"""
Embeds class labels into vector representations. Also handles label dropout for classifier-free guidance.
"""
def __init__(self, num_classes, hidden_size):
super().__init__()
self.embedding_table = nn.Embedding(num_classes + 1, hidden_size)
self.num_classes = num_classes
def forward(self, labels):
embeddings = self.embedding_table(labels)
return embeddings
from torch.nn.functional import scaled_dot_product_attention
class Attention(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, dim, num_heads=8, qkv_bias=True, qk_norm=True, attn_drop=0., proj_drop=0.):
super().__init__()
self.num_heads = num_heads
head_dim = dim // num_heads
self.q_norm = RMSNorm(head_dim) if qk_norm else nn.Identity()
self.k_norm = RMSNorm(head_dim) if qk_norm else nn.Identity()
self.qkv = nn.Linear(dim, dim * 3, bias=qkv_bias)
self.attn_drop = nn.Dropout(attn_drop)
self.proj = nn.Linear(dim, dim)
self.proj_drop = nn.Dropout(proj_drop)
def forward(self, x, rope):
B, N, C = x.shape
qkv = self.qkv(x).reshape(B, N, 3, self.num_heads, C // self.num_heads).permute(2, 0, 3, 1, 4)
q, k, v = qkv[0], qkv[1], qkv[2] # make torchscript happy (cannot use tensor as tuple)
q = self.q_norm(q)
k = self.k_norm(k)
q = rope(q)
k = rope(k)
x = scaled_dot_product_attention(q, k, v, dropout_p=self.attn_drop.p if self.training else 0.)
x = x.transpose(1, 2).reshape(B, N, C)
x = self.proj(x)
x = self.proj_drop(x)
return x
class SwiGLUFFN(nn.Module):
def __init__(
self,
dim: int,
hidden_dim: int,
drop=0.0,
bias=True
) -> None:
super().__init__()
hidden_dim = int(hidden_dim * 2 / 3)
self.w12 = nn.Linear(dim, 2 * hidden_dim, bias=bias)
self.w3 = nn.Linear(hidden_dim, dim, bias=bias)
self.ffn_dropout = nn.Dropout(drop)
def forward(self, x):
x12 = self.w12(x)
x1, x2 = x12.chunk(2, dim=-1)
hidden = F.silu(x1) * x2
return self.w3(self.ffn_dropout(hidden))
class FinalLayer(nn.Module):
"""
The final layer of JiT.
"""
def __init__(self, hidden_size, patch_size, out_channels):
super().__init__()
self.norm_final = RMSNorm(hidden_size)
self.linear = nn.Linear(hidden_size, patch_size * patch_size * out_channels, bias=True)
self.adaLN_modulation = nn.Sequential(
nn.SiLU(),
nn.Linear(hidden_size, 2 * hidden_size, bias=True)
)
def forward(self, x, c):
shift, scale = self.adaLN_modulation(c).chunk(2, dim=1)
x = modulate(self.norm_final(x), shift, scale)
x = self.linear(x)
return x
class JiTBlock(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, hidden_size, num_heads, mlp_ratio=4.0, attn_drop=0.0, proj_drop=0.0):
super().__init__()
self.norm1 = RMSNorm(hidden_size, eps=1e-6)
self.attn = Attention(hidden_size, num_heads=num_heads, qkv_bias=True, qk_norm=True,
attn_drop=attn_drop, proj_drop=proj_drop)
self.norm2 = RMSNorm(hidden_size, eps=1e-6)
mlp_hidden_dim = int(hidden_size * mlp_ratio)
self.mlp = SwiGLUFFN(hidden_size, mlp_hidden_dim, drop=proj_drop)
self.adaLN_modulation = nn.Sequential(
nn.SiLU(),
nn.Linear(hidden_size, 6 * hidden_size, bias=True)
)
@torch.compile
def forward(self, x, c, feat_rope=None):
shift_msa, scale_msa, gate_msa, shift_mlp, scale_mlp, gate_mlp = self.adaLN_modulation(c).chunk(6, dim=-1)
x = x + gate_msa.unsqueeze(1) * self.attn(modulate(self.norm1(x), shift_msa, scale_msa), rope=feat_rope)
x = x + gate_mlp.unsqueeze(1) * self.mlp(modulate(self.norm2(x), shift_mlp, scale_mlp))
return x
class JiT(nn.Module):
"""
Just image Transformer.
"""
def __init__(
self,
input_size=256,
patch_size=16,
in_channels=3,
hidden_size=1024,
depth=24,
num_heads=16,
mlp_ratio=4.0,
attn_drop=0.0,
proj_drop=0.0,
num_classes=1000,
bottleneck_dim=128,
use_bottleneck=True,
in_context_len=32,
in_context_start=8
):
super().__init__()
self.in_channels = in_channels
self.out_channels = in_channels
self.patch_size = patch_size
self.num_heads = num_heads
self.hidden_size = hidden_size
self.input_size = input_size
self.in_context_len = in_context_len
self.in_context_start = in_context_start
self.num_classes = num_classes
self.bottleneck_dim = bottleneck_dim
self.use_bottleneck = use_bottleneck
# time and class embed
self.t_embedder = TimestepEmbedder(hidden_size)
self.y_embedder = LabelEmbedder(num_classes, hidden_size)
# linear embed
if self.use_bottleneck:
self.x_embedder = BottleneckPatchEmbed(input_size, patch_size, in_channels, bottleneck_dim, hidden_size, bias=True)
else:
self.x_embedder = PatchEmbed(input_size, patch_size, in_channels, bottleneck_dim, hidden_size, bias=True)
# use fixed sin-cos embedding
num_patches = self.x_embedder.num_patches
self.pos_embed = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, num_patches, hidden_size), requires_grad=False)
# in-context cls token
if self.in_context_len > 0:
self.in_context_posemb = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1, self.in_context_len, hidden_size), requires_grad=True)
torch.nn.init.normal_(self.in_context_posemb, std=.02)
# rope
half_head_dim = hidden_size // num_heads // 2
hw_seq_len = input_size // patch_size
self.feat_rope = VisionRotaryEmbeddingFast(
dim=half_head_dim,
pt_seq_len=hw_seq_len,
num_cls_token=0
)
self.feat_rope_incontext = VisionRotaryEmbeddingFast(
dim=half_head_dim,
pt_seq_len=hw_seq_len,
num_cls_token=self.in_context_len
)
# transformer
self.blocks = nn.ModuleList([
JiTBlock(hidden_size, num_heads, mlp_ratio=mlp_ratio,
attn_drop=attn_drop if (depth // 4 * 3 > i >= depth // 4) else 0.0,
proj_drop=proj_drop if (depth // 4 * 3 > i >= depth // 4) else 0.0)
for i in range(depth)
])
# linear predict
self.final_layer = FinalLayer(hidden_size, patch_size, self.out_channels)
self.initialize_weights()
def initialize_weights(self):
# Initialize transformer layers:
def _basic_init(module):
if isinstance(module, nn.Linear):
torch.nn.init.xavier_uniform_(module.weight)
if module.bias is not None:
nn.init.constant_(module.bias, 0)
self.apply(_basic_init)
# Initialize (and freeze) pos_embed by sin-cos embedding:
pos_embed = get_2d_sincos_pos_embed(self.pos_embed.shape[-1], int(self.x_embedder.num_patches ** 0.5))
self.pos_embed.data.copy_(torch.from_numpy(pos_embed).float().unsqueeze(0))
# Initialize patch_embed like nn.Linear (instead of nn.Conv2d):
if self.use_bottleneck:
w1 = self.x_embedder.proj1.weight.data
nn.init.xavier_uniform_(w1.view([w1.shape[0], -1]))
w2 = self.x_embedder.proj2.weight.data
nn.init.xavier_uniform_(w2.view([w2.shape[0], -1]))
nn.init.constant_(self.x_embedder.proj2.bias, 0)
else:
w1 = self.x_embedder.proj1.weight.data
nn.init.xavier_uniform_(w1.view([w1.shape[0], -1]))
nn.init.constant_(self.x_embedder.proj1.bias, 0)
# Initialize label embedding table:
nn.init.normal_(self.y_embedder.embedding_table.weight, std=0.02)
nn.init.normal_(self.t_embedder.mlp[0].weight, std=0.02)
nn.init.normal_(self.t_embedder.mlp[2].weight, std=0.02)
# Zero-out adaLN modulation layers:
for block in self.blocks:
nn.init.constant_(block.adaLN_modulation[-1].weight, 0)
nn.init.constant_(block.adaLN_modulation[-1].bias, 0)
# Zero-out output layers:
nn.init.constant_(self.final_layer.adaLN_modulation[-1].weight, 0)
nn.init.constant_(self.final_layer.adaLN_modulation[-1].bias, 0)
nn.init.constant_(self.final_layer.linear.weight, 0)
nn.init.constant_(self.final_layer.linear.bias, 0)
def unpatchify(self, x, p):
"""
x: (N, T, patch_size**2 * C)
imgs: (N, H, W, C)
"""
c = self.out_channels
h = w = int(x.shape[1] ** 0.5)
assert h * w == x.shape[1]
x = x.reshape(shape=(x.shape[0], h, w, p, p, c))
x = torch.einsum('nhwpqc->nchpwq', x)
imgs = x.reshape(shape=(x.shape[0], c, h * p, h * p))
return imgs
def forward(self, x, t, y, return_layer=None, return_last=False):
"""
x: (N, C, H, W)
t: (N,)
y: (N,)
"""
# class and time embeddings
t_emb = self.t_embedder(t)
y_emb = self.y_embedder(y)
c = t_emb + y_emb
# forward JiT
x = self.x_embedder(x)
x += self.pos_embed
for i, block in enumerate(self.blocks):
if return_layer is not None and i==return_layer:
if return_layer>self.in_context_start:
feat = x[:, self.in_context_len:]
else:
feat = x
# in-context
if self.in_context_len > 0 and i == self.in_context_start:
in_context_tokens = y_emb.unsqueeze(1).repeat(1, self.in_context_len, 1)
in_context_tokens += self.in_context_posemb
x = torch.cat([in_context_tokens, x], dim=1)
x = block(x, c, self.feat_rope if i < self.in_context_start else self.feat_rope_incontext)
x = x[:, self.in_context_len:]
if return_last:
last_out = x
x = self.final_layer(x, c)
output = self.unpatchify(x, self.patch_size)
if return_layer is not None:
if return_last:
return output, feat, last_out
else:
return output, feat
else:
return output
def JiT_B_16(**kwargs):
return JiT(depth=12, hidden_size=768, num_heads=12,
bottleneck_dim=128, in_context_len=32, in_context_start=4, patch_size=16, **kwargs)
def JiT_B_32(**kwargs):
return JiT(depth=12, hidden_size=768, num_heads=12,
bottleneck_dim=128, in_context_len=32, in_context_start=4, patch_size=32, **kwargs)
def JiT_L_16(**kwargs):
return JiT(depth=24, hidden_size=1024, num_heads=16,
bottleneck_dim=128, in_context_len=32, in_context_start=8, patch_size=16, **kwargs)
def JiT_L_32(**kwargs):
return JiT(depth=24, hidden_size=1024, num_heads=16,
bottleneck_dim=128, in_context_len=32, in_context_start=8, patch_size=32, **kwargs)
def JiT_H_16(**kwargs):
return JiT(depth=32, hidden_size=1280, num_heads=16,
bottleneck_dim=256, in_context_len=32, in_context_start=10, patch_size=16, **kwargs)
def JiT_H_32(**kwargs):
return JiT(depth=32, hidden_size=1280, num_heads=16,
bottleneck_dim=256, in_context_len=32, in_context_start=10, patch_size=32, **kwargs)
JiT_models = {
'JiT-B/16': JiT_B_16,
'JiT-B/32': JiT_B_32,
'JiT-L/16': JiT_L_16,
'JiT-L/32': JiT_L_32,
'JiT-H/16': JiT_H_16,
'JiT-H/32': JiT_H_32,
}