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573076172461fd1900a9ce2e
How many people lived on the island of Okinawa?
over 1 million
[ "51st_state\n\nIn Article 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco between the Allied Powers and Japan, which came into force in April 1952, the U.S. put the outlying islands of the Ryukyus, including the island of Okinawa—home to over 1 million Okinawans related to the Japanese—and the Bonin Islands, the Volcano Islands, ...
573076172461fd1900a9ce2f
When was Okinawa finally returned?
May 15, 1972
[ "51st_state\n\nIn Article 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco between the Allied Powers and Japan, which came into force in April 1952, the U.S. put the outlying islands of the Ryukyus, including the island of Okinawa—home to over 1 million Okinawans related to the Japanese—and the Bonin Islands, the Volcano Islands, ...
573076172461fd1900a9ce30
Why did the US have troops on Okinawa?
as a defense for Japan.
[ "51st_state\n\nIn Article 3 of the Treaty of San Francisco between the Allied Powers and Japan, which came into force in April 1952, the U.S. put the outlying islands of the Ryukyus, including the island of Okinawa—home to over 1 million Okinawans related to the Japanese—and the Bonin Islands, the Volcano Islands, ...
57307685396df9190009612a
When did the 51st State Party attempt to register in New Zealand?
2010
[ "51st_state\n\nIn 2010 there was an attempt to register a 51st State Party with the New Zealand Electoral Commission. The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America. The party's secretary is Paulus Telfer, a former Christchurch mayoral candidate. On February 5, 2010, the par...
57307685396df9190009612b
What does the 51st State Party advocate?
The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America
[ "51st_state\n\nIn 2010 there was an attempt to register a 51st State Party with the New Zealand Electoral Commission. The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America. The party's secretary is Paulus Telfer, a former Christchurch mayoral candidate. On February 5, 2010, the par...
57307685396df9190009612c
Who is the secretary of the 51st State Party?
Paulus Telfer
[ "51st_state\n\nIn 2010 there was an attempt to register a 51st State Party with the New Zealand Electoral Commission. The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America. The party's secretary is Paulus Telfer, a former Christchurch mayoral candidate. On February 5, 2010, the par...
57307685396df9190009612d
Can people in New Zealand vote for the 51st State Party?
the party remains unregistered and cannot appear on a ballot.
[ "51st_state\n\nIn 2010 there was an attempt to register a 51st State Party with the New Zealand Electoral Commission. The party advocates New Zealand becoming the 51st state of the United States of America. The party's secretary is Paulus Telfer, a former Christchurch mayoral candidate. On February 5, 2010, the par...
573076f78ab72b1400f9c514
Who is the mayor of Tirana?
Edi Rama,
[ "51st_state\n\nAlbania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: \"Albania is...
573076f78ab72b1400f9c515
Who said that Albania is the most pro-American country in Europe?
Edi Rama
[ "51st_state\n\nAlbania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: \"Albania is...
573076f78ab72b1400f9c516
When did James Baker visit Albania as Secretary of State?
1992
[ "51st_state\n\nAlbania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: \"Albania is...
573076f78ab72b1400f9c517
What is the name of the largest US military base outside of US territory?
Camp Bondsteel
[ "51st_state\n\nAlbania has often been called the 51st state for its perceived strongly pro-American positions, mainly because of the United States' policies towards it. In reference to President George W. Bush's 2007 European tour, Edi Rama, Tirana's mayor and leader of the opposition Socialists, said: \"Albania is...
573077742461fd1900a9ce35
When did the US control Greenland?
when Denmark was occupied by Nazi Germany
[ "51st_state\n\nDuring World War II, when Denmark was occupied by Nazi Germany, the United States briefly controlled Greenland for battlefields and protection. In 1946, the United States offered to buy Greenland from Denmark for $100 million ($1.2 billion today) but Denmark refused to sell it. Several politicians an...
573077742461fd1900a9ce36
How much did the US offer to pay for Greenland?
$100 million
[ "51st_state\n\nDuring World War II, when Denmark was occupied by Nazi Germany, the United States briefly controlled Greenland for battlefields and protection. In 1946, the United States offered to buy Greenland from Denmark for $100 million ($1.2 billion today) but Denmark refused to sell it. Several politicians an...
573077742461fd1900a9ce37
What university is professor Gudmundur Alfredssson from?
University of Akureyri
[ "51st_state\n\nDuring World War II, when Denmark was occupied by Nazi Germany, the United States briefly controlled Greenland for battlefields and protection. In 1946, the United States offered to buy Greenland from Denmark for $100 million ($1.2 billion today) but Denmark refused to sell it. Several politicians an...
573077742461fd1900a9ce38
What is one reason the US would be interested in Greenland?
the vast expected hydrocarbons off the Greenlandic coast.
[ "51st_state\n\nDuring World War II, when Denmark was occupied by Nazi Germany, the United States briefly controlled Greenland for battlefields and protection. In 1946, the United States offered to buy Greenland from Denmark for $100 million ($1.2 billion today) but Denmark refused to sell it. Several politicians an...
573077e1396df9190009613a
What had been Poland's stance towards the US, historically?
staunchly pro-American
[ "51st_state\n\nPoland has historically been staunchly pro-American, dating back to General Tadeusz Kościuszko and Casimir Pulaski's involvement in the American Revolution. This pro-American stance was reinforced following favorable American intervention in World War I (leading to the creation of an independent Pola...
573077e1396df9190009613b
What led to the creation of an independent Poland?
favorable American intervention in World War I
[ "51st_state\n\nPoland has historically been staunchly pro-American, dating back to General Tadeusz Kościuszko and Casimir Pulaski's involvement in the American Revolution. This pro-American stance was reinforced following favorable American intervention in World War I (leading to the creation of an independent Pola...
573077e1396df9190009613c
What did Poland contribute to the "Coalition of the Willing"?
a large force
[ "51st_state\n\nPoland has historically been staunchly pro-American, dating back to General Tadeusz Kościuszko and Casimir Pulaski's involvement in the American Revolution. This pro-American stance was reinforced following favorable American intervention in World War I (leading to the creation of an independent Pola...
573078662461fd1900a9ce3d
How many members did the Party of Reconstruction in Sicily have in 1944?
40,000 members
[ "51st_state\n\nThe Party of Reconstruction in Sicily, which claimed 40,000 members in 1944, campaigned for Sicily to be admitted as a U.S. state. This party was one of several Sicilian separatist movements active after the downfall of Italian Fascism. Sicilians felt neglected or underrepresented by the Italian gove...
573078662461fd1900a9ce3e
What did the Party of Reconstruction in Sicily campaign for?
for Sicily to be admitted as a U.S. state
[ "51st_state\n\nThe Party of Reconstruction in Sicily, which claimed 40,000 members in 1944, campaigned for Sicily to be admitted as a U.S. state. This party was one of several Sicilian separatist movements active after the downfall of Italian Fascism. Sicilians felt neglected or underrepresented by the Italian gove...
573078662461fd1900a9ce3f
When did the Allied invasion of Sicily occur?
July–August 1943
[ "51st_state\n\nThe Party of Reconstruction in Sicily, which claimed 40,000 members in 1944, campaigned for Sicily to be admitted as a U.S. state. This party was one of several Sicilian separatist movements active after the downfall of Italian Fascism. Sicilians felt neglected or underrepresented by the Italian gove...
573078662461fd1900a9ce40
When did the annexation of Sicily by Italy happen?
1861
[ "51st_state\n\nThe Party of Reconstruction in Sicily, which claimed 40,000 members in 1944, campaigned for Sicily to be admitted as a U.S. state. This party was one of several Sicilian separatist movements active after the downfall of Italian Fascism. Sicilians felt neglected or underrepresented by the Italian gove...
573078ee069b531400832103
What are the four categories of terra nullius?
the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies
[ "51st_state\n\nThere are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars. In the last three of these, international treaties (the Antarctic Treaty, the Uni...
573078ee069b531400832104
What three treaties exist for unclaimed lands?
the Antarctic Treaty, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and the Outer Space Treaty
[ "51st_state\n\nThere are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars. In the last three of these, international treaties (the Antarctic Treaty, the Uni...
573078ee069b531400832105
What do the treaties defend against?
prevent colonization and potential statehood of any of these uninhabited (and, given current technology, not permanently inhabitable) territories.
[ "51st_state\n\nThere are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars. In the last three of these, international treaties (the Antarctic Treaty, the Uni...
573078ee069b531400832106
Where is Bir Tawil located?
between Egypt and Sudan
[ "51st_state\n\nThere are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars. In the last three of these, international treaties (the Antarctic Treaty, the Uni...
572ef1abcb0c0d14000f168a
What device is able to change electric powerinto radio waves and also do the reverse?
An antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequ...
572ef1abcb0c0d14000f168b
What device is often used in conjuntion with the antenna?
radio transmitter or radio receiver
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequ...
572ef1abcb0c0d14000f168c
What process associated with antennas produces a high frequency alternating current?
transmission
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequ...
572ef1abcb0c0d14000f168d
What else can radio waves be called?
electromagnetic waves
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequ...
572ef1abcb0c0d14000f168e
When does an antenna catch electromagnetic waves?
reception
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna (plural antennae or antennas), or aerial, is an electrical device which converts electric power into radio waves, and vice versa. It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver. In transmission, a radio transmitter supplies an electric current oscillating at radio frequ...
572ef9b8c246551400ce4804
What is frequently used to connect elements to the receiver?
transmission line
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nTypically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically connected (often through a transmission line) to the receiver or transmitter. An oscillating current of electrons forced through the antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field ...
572ef9b8c246551400ce4805
What particles are pushed through the antenna by a transmitter?
electrons
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nTypically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically connected (often through a transmission line) to the receiver or transmitter. An oscillating current of electrons forced through the antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field ...
572ef9b8c246551400ce4806
During transmission does the electric field wave move closer to the antenna?
radiate away
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nTypically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically connected (often through a transmission line) to the receiver or transmitter. An oscillating current of electrons forced through the antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field ...
572ef9b8c246551400ce4807
During what process would electrons be vacillating in the antenna?
reception
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nTypically an antenna consists of an arrangement of metallic conductors (elements), electrically connected (often through a transmission line) to the receiver or transmitter. An oscillating current of electrons forced through the antenna by a transmitter will create an oscillating magnetic field ...
572efc88cb0c0d14000f16c4
What is an acceptable synonym for antenna?
aerial
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe words antenna (plural: antennas in US English, although both \"antennas\" and \"antennae\" are used in International English) and aerial are used interchangeably. Occasionally the term \"aerial\" is used to mean a wire antenna. However, note the important international technical journal, the...
572efc88cb0c0d14000f16c5
What can sometimes be meant by the term aerial specifically?
wire antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe words antenna (plural: antennas in US English, although both \"antennas\" and \"antennae\" are used in International English) and aerial are used interchangeably. Occasionally the term \"aerial\" is used to mean a wire antenna. However, note the important international technical journal, the...
572efc88cb0c0d14000f16c6
What is one way of referring to more than one antenna?
antennae
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe words antenna (plural: antennas in US English, although both \"antennas\" and \"antennae\" are used in International English) and aerial are used interchangeably. Occasionally the term \"aerial\" is used to mean a wire antenna. However, note the important international technical journal, the...
572efc88cb0c0d14000f16c7
What is the most widely accepted term for an electrical device that converts electric power into radio waves?
antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe words antenna (plural: antennas in US English, although both \"antennas\" and \"antennae\" are used in International English) and aerial are used interchangeably. Occasionally the term \"aerial\" is used to mean a wire antenna. However, note the important international technical journal, the...
572eff08cb0c0d14000f16e6
Who is most associated with the emergence of the word antenna?
Guglielmo Marconi
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe origin of the word antenna relative to wireless apparatus is attributed to Italian radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi. In the summer of 1895, Marconi began testing his wireless system outdoors on his father's estate near Bologna and soon began to experiment with long wire \"aerials\". Marconi d...
572eff08cb0c0d14000f16e7
When did experimentation with electromagnetic waves begin?
1895
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe origin of the word antenna relative to wireless apparatus is attributed to Italian radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi. In the summer of 1895, Marconi began testing his wireless system outdoors on his father's estate near Bologna and soon began to experiment with long wire \"aerials\". Marconi d...
572eff08cb0c0d14000f16e8
What is a way to increase the strength of a radio transmission?
raising the "aerial" wire
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe origin of the word antenna relative to wireless apparatus is attributed to Italian radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi. In the summer of 1895, Marconi began testing his wireless system outdoors on his father's estate near Bologna and soon began to experiment with long wire \"aerials\". Marconi d...
572eff08cb0c0d14000f16e9
How far was Marconi able to get his signal to go using this technique?
1.5 mi
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe origin of the word antenna relative to wireless apparatus is attributed to Italian radio pioneer Guglielmo Marconi. In the summer of 1895, Marconi began testing his wireless system outdoors on his father's estate near Bologna and soon began to experiment with long wire \"aerials\". Marconi d...
572f0580dfa6aa1500f8d575
What is essential for the mating of the elements that create radio waves?
Antennas
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss. Radio transmitters and...
572f0580dfa6aa1500f8d576
How fast are signals produced by antenna transmitted?
speed of light
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss. Radio transmitters and...
572f0580dfa6aa1500f8d577
What is one system that uses electromagnetic waves?
mobile telephones
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss. Radio transmitters and...
572f0580dfa6aa1500f8d578
What mobile locator and direction finder technology takes advantage of radio waves?
GPS
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss. Radio transmitters and...
572f0580dfa6aa1500f8d579
What often inconspicuous part of a laptop computer allows for internet usage?
antennas
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves which carry signals through the air (or through space) at the speed of light with almost no transmission loss. Radio transmitters and...
572f08f703f9891900756b4d
What is the main element of an omnidirectional antenna?
metal rod
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nOne example of omnidirectional antennas is the very common vertical antenna or whip antenna consisting of a metal rod (often, but not always, a quarter of a wavelength long). A dipole antenna is similar but consists of two such conductors extending in opposite directions, with a total length tha...
572f08f703f9891900756b4e
What type of antenna would most likely be a half a wavelength long?
dipole
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nOne example of omnidirectional antennas is the very common vertical antenna or whip antenna consisting of a metal rod (often, but not always, a quarter of a wavelength long). A dipole antenna is similar but consists of two such conductors extending in opposite directions, with a total length tha...
572f08f703f9891900756b4f
In which direction would you expect to find a dipole?
horizontally
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nOne example of omnidirectional antennas is the very common vertical antenna or whip antenna consisting of a metal rod (often, but not always, a quarter of a wavelength long). A dipole antenna is similar but consists of two such conductors extending in opposite directions, with a total length tha...
572f08f703f9891900756b50
What is meant by the area where signals cannot be accepted well along the conductor?
null
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nOne example of omnidirectional antennas is the very common vertical antenna or whip antenna consisting of a metal rod (often, but not always, a quarter of a wavelength long). A dipole antenna is similar but consists of two such conductors extending in opposite directions, with a total length tha...
572f0de1dfa6aa1500f8d59b
Are basic antennas expensive?
relatively inexpensive
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nBoth the vertical and dipole antennas are simple in construction and relatively inexpensive. The dipole antenna, which is the basis for most antenna designs, is a balanced component, with equal but opposite voltages and currents applied at its two terminals through a balanced transmission line (...
572f0de1dfa6aa1500f8d59c
What is the foundation most often used when creating new antenna models?
dipole antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nBoth the vertical and dipole antennas are simple in construction and relatively inexpensive. The dipole antenna, which is the basis for most antenna designs, is a balanced component, with equal but opposite voltages and currents applied at its two terminals through a balanced transmission line (...
572f0de1dfa6aa1500f8d59d
What category do vertical antennas fall under?
monopole antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nBoth the vertical and dipole antennas are simple in construction and relatively inexpensive. The dipole antenna, which is the basis for most antenna designs, is a balanced component, with equal but opposite voltages and currents applied at its two terminals through a balanced transmission line (...
572f0de1dfa6aa1500f8d59e
What is used to close the circuit of a dipole antenna?
large conductive surface
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nBoth the vertical and dipole antennas are simple in construction and relatively inexpensive. The dipole antenna, which is the basis for most antenna designs, is a balanced component, with equal but opposite voltages and currents applied at its two terminals through a balanced transmission line (...
572f3f63947a6a140053c816
What are different designs aimed at increasing?
gain of the antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas more complex than the dipole or vertical designs are usually intended to increase the directivity and consequently the gain of the antenna. This can be accomplished in many different ways leading to a plethora of antenna designs. The vast majority of designs are fed with a balanced line...
572f3f63947a6a140053c817
What is different from a monopole antenna with most other antenna types?
balanced line
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas more complex than the dipole or vertical designs are usually intended to increase the directivity and consequently the gain of the antenna. This can be accomplished in many different ways leading to a plethora of antenna designs. The vast majority of designs are fed with a balanced line...
572f3f63947a6a140053c818
Gain when referring to an antenna refers to what about radiated power?
concentration
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas more complex than the dipole or vertical designs are usually intended to increase the directivity and consequently the gain of the antenna. This can be accomplished in many different ways leading to a plethora of antenna designs. The vast majority of designs are fed with a balanced line...
572f3f63947a6a140053c819
Where is the power that is distributed originating from?
the transmitter
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas more complex than the dipole or vertical designs are usually intended to increase the directivity and consequently the gain of the antenna. This can be accomplished in many different ways leading to a plethora of antenna designs. The vast majority of designs are fed with a balanced line...
572f425b04bcaa1900d767e9
How many antenna would make up a phased array?
two or more
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nFor instance, a phased array consists of two or more simple antennas which are connected together through an electrical network. This often involves a number of parallel dipole antennas with a certain spacing. Depending on the relative phase introduced by the network, the same combination of dip...
572f425b04bcaa1900d767ea
How are antennas oriented when arranged with specific spacing?
parallel
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nFor instance, a phased array consists of two or more simple antennas which are connected together through an electrical network. This often involves a number of parallel dipole antennas with a certain spacing. Depending on the relative phase introduced by the network, the same combination of dip...
572f425b04bcaa1900d767eb
What are the two standard antenna types?
omnidirectional or weakly directional
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nFor instance, a phased array consists of two or more simple antennas which are connected together through an electrical network. This often involves a number of parallel dipole antennas with a certain spacing. Depending on the relative phase introduced by the network, the same combination of dip...
572f425b04bcaa1900d767ec
What determines if the antenna creates a broadside array or an end fire array?
relative phase
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nFor instance, a phased array consists of two or more simple antennas which are connected together through an electrical network. This often involves a number of parallel dipole antennas with a certain spacing. Depending on the relative phase introduced by the network, the same combination of dip...
572f4583947a6a140053c84a
What type of antenna formation is made up of multiple dipole elements of varying lengths?
log-periodic dipole array
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nHowever a log-periodic dipole array consists of a number of dipole elements of different lengths in order to obtain a somewhat directional antenna having an extremely wide bandwidth: these are frequently used for television reception in fringe areas. The dipole antennas composing it are all cons...
572f4583947a6a140053c84b
What is the benefit of this formation type?
extremely wide bandwidth
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nHowever a log-periodic dipole array consists of a number of dipole elements of different lengths in order to obtain a somewhat directional antenna having an extremely wide bandwidth: these are frequently used for television reception in fringe areas. The dipole antennas composing it are all cons...
572f4583947a6a140053c84c
What is the main application of these set ups?
television reception
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nHowever a log-periodic dipole array consists of a number of dipole elements of different lengths in order to obtain a somewhat directional antenna having an extremely wide bandwidth: these are frequently used for television reception in fringe areas. The dipole antennas composing it are all cons...
572f4583947a6a140053c84d
What is a variation of this antenna type?
Yagi-Uda Antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nHowever a log-periodic dipole array consists of a number of dipole elements of different lengths in order to obtain a somewhat directional antenna having an extremely wide bandwidth: these are frequently used for television reception in fringe areas. The dipole antennas composing it are all cons...
572f5908b2c2fd140056805b
For radio broadcast that one would hear in their car what type of towers are used?
vertical
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAt low frequencies (such as AM broadcast), arrays of vertical towers are used to achieve directionality and they will occupy large areas of land. For reception, a long Beverage antenna can have significant directivity. For non directional portable use, a short vertical antenna or small loop ant...
572f5908b2c2fd140056805c
Why is this specific antenna type used?
achieve directionality
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAt low frequencies (such as AM broadcast), arrays of vertical towers are used to achieve directionality and they will occupy large areas of land. For reception, a long Beverage antenna can have significant directivity. For non directional portable use, a short vertical antenna or small loop ant...
572f5908b2c2fd140056805d
If one wished to take an antenna to different locations, which type would be best?
short vertical antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAt low frequencies (such as AM broadcast), arrays of vertical towers are used to achieve directionality and they will occupy large areas of land. For reception, a long Beverage antenna can have significant directivity. For non directional portable use, a short vertical antenna or small loop ant...
572f5908b2c2fd140056805e
What is a problem one might encounter when using a portable antenna?
impedance matching
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAt low frequencies (such as AM broadcast), arrays of vertical towers are used to achieve directionality and they will occupy large areas of land. For reception, a long Beverage antenna can have significant directivity. For non directional portable use, a short vertical antenna or small loop ant...
572f5a60b2c2fd140056806b
What is mainly responsible for the connection of the antenna to its end destinations?
antenna lead-in
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna lead-in is the transmission line (or feed line) which connects the antenna to a transmitter or receiver. The antenna feed may refer to all components connecting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver, such as an impedance matching network in addition to the transmission line. In a...
572f5a60b2c2fd140056806c
What is the group of elements used to join the elements of an antenna?
antenna feed
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna lead-in is the transmission line (or feed line) which connects the antenna to a transmitter or receiver. The antenna feed may refer to all components connecting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver, such as an impedance matching network in addition to the transmission line. In a...
572f5a60b2c2fd140056806d
What are the type of antennas used with satellite television called?
aperture antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna lead-in is the transmission line (or feed line) which connects the antenna to a transmitter or receiver. The antenna feed may refer to all components connecting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver, such as an impedance matching network in addition to the transmission line. In a...
572f5a60b2c2fd140056806e
What can be used in place of a standard transmission line?
microwave antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna lead-in is the transmission line (or feed line) which connects the antenna to a transmitter or receiver. The antenna feed may refer to all components connecting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver, such as an impedance matching network in addition to the transmission line. In a...
572fdec904bcaa1900d76e0d
Monopole antennas consist of what element?
metal rod
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nMonopole antennas consist of a single radiating element such as a metal rod, often mounted over a conducting surface, a ground plane. One side of the feedline from the receiver or transmitter is connected to the rod, and the other side to the ground plane, which may be the Earth. The most common...
572fdec904bcaa1900d76e0e
What the most common form?
quarter-wave monopole
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nMonopole antennas consist of a single radiating element such as a metal rod, often mounted over a conducting surface, a ground plane. One side of the feedline from the receiver or transmitter is connected to the rod, and the other side to the ground plane, which may be the Earth. The most common...
572fdec904bcaa1900d76e0f
What are small monopoles used as?
nondirectional antennas
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nMonopole antennas consist of a single radiating element such as a metal rod, often mounted over a conducting surface, a ground plane. One side of the feedline from the receiver or transmitter is connected to the rod, and the other side to the ground plane, which may be the Earth. The most common...
572fdec904bcaa1900d76e10
What has vertical polarization?
Monopoles
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nMonopole antennas consist of a single radiating element such as a metal rod, often mounted over a conducting surface, a ground plane. One side of the feedline from the receiver or transmitter is connected to the rod, and the other side to the ground plane, which may be the Earth. The most common...
572fdefb947a6a140053cd8c
What is the most widley used antenna class?
dipole antenna
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe most widely used class of antenna, a dipole antenna consists of two symmetrical radiators such as metal rods or wires, with one side of the balanced feedline from the transmitter or receiver attached to each. A horizontal dipole radiates in two lobes perpendicular to the antenna's axis. A ha...
572fdefb947a6a140053cd8d
What radiates two lobes perpendicular to the antennas axis?
horizontal dipole
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe most widely used class of antenna, a dipole antenna consists of two symmetrical radiators such as metal rods or wires, with one side of the balanced feedline from the transmitter or receiver attached to each. A horizontal dipole radiates in two lobes perpendicular to the antenna's axis. A ha...
572fdefb947a6a140053cd8e
Besides low gain antennas, what is also used as driven elements in complicated higher gain types of antennas?
dipoles
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe most widely used class of antenna, a dipole antenna consists of two symmetrical radiators such as metal rods or wires, with one side of the balanced feedline from the transmitter or receiver attached to each. A horizontal dipole radiates in two lobes perpendicular to the antenna's axis. A ha...
572fdefb947a6a140053cd8f
How much gain does a half-wave dipole have?
2.15 dBi
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nThe most widely used class of antenna, a dipole antenna consists of two symmetrical radiators such as metal rods or wires, with one side of the balanced feedline from the transmitter or receiver attached to each. A horizontal dipole radiates in two lobes perpendicular to the antenna's axis. A ha...
572fe7e6a23a5019007fcb1b
What must be true of the antenna and transmission medium for the repiprocity rule to apply ?
linear and reciprocal
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nA necessary condition for the aforementioned reciprocity property is that the materials in the antenna and transmission medium are linear and reciprocal. Reciprocal (or bilateral) means that the material has the same response to an electric current or magnetic field in one direction, as it has t...
572fe7e6a23a5019007fcb1c
What is called when the direction of the elctrical current does not make a difference to the current?
Reciprocal
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nA necessary condition for the aforementioned reciprocity property is that the materials in the antenna and transmission medium are linear and reciprocal. Reciprocal (or bilateral) means that the material has the same response to an electric current or magnetic field in one direction, as it has t...
572fe7e6a23a5019007fcb1d
What is one material that does not have this quality?
ferrite
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nA necessary condition for the aforementioned reciprocity property is that the materials in the antenna and transmission medium are linear and reciprocal. Reciprocal (or bilateral) means that the material has the same response to an electric current or magnetic field in one direction, as it has t...
572fe7e6a23a5019007fcb1e
How can the lack of this quality be used in an everyday way?
radar
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nA necessary condition for the aforementioned reciprocity property is that the materials in the antenna and transmission medium are linear and reciprocal. Reciprocal (or bilateral) means that the material has the same response to an electric current or magnetic field in one direction, as it has t...
572fe81ab2c2fd14005685a9
How could one deide what type of antenna is nedded for a project?
performance measures
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are characterized by a number of performance measures which a user would be concerned with in selecting or designing an antenna for a particular application. Chief among these relate to the directional characteristics (as depicted in the antenna's radiation pattern) and the resulting ga...
572fe81ab2c2fd14005685aa
What would most likely be the main concern in making this decision?
directional characteristics
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are characterized by a number of performance measures which a user would be concerned with in selecting or designing an antenna for a particular application. Chief among these relate to the directional characteristics (as depicted in the antenna's radiation pattern) and the resulting ga...
572fe81ab2c2fd14005685ab
How would you distribute power to allow for a greater gain?
horizontal directions
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are characterized by a number of performance measures which a user would be concerned with in selecting or designing an antenna for a particular application. Chief among these relate to the directional characteristics (as depicted in the antenna's radiation pattern) and the resulting ga...
572fe81ab2c2fd14005685ac
What is often the most imprtant crediting factor of antennas?
efficiency
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAntennas are characterized by a number of performance measures which a user would be concerned with in selecting or designing an antenna for a particular application. Chief among these relate to the directional characteristics (as depicted in the antenna's radiation pattern) and the resulting ga...
572fe85db2c2fd14005685b1
Which antenna type would be best for a project requiring a specific frequency?
Resonant antennas
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nResonant antennas are expected to be used around a particular resonant frequency; an antenna must therefore be built or ordered to match the frequency range of the intended application. A particular antenna design will present a particular feedpoint impedance. While this may affect the choice of...
572fe85db2c2fd14005685b2
How could an antenna be made to coordinate with the needed frequency?
built or ordered
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nResonant antennas are expected to be used around a particular resonant frequency; an antenna must therefore be built or ordered to match the frequency range of the intended application. A particular antenna design will present a particular feedpoint impedance. While this may affect the choice of...
572fe85db2c2fd14005685b3
What factor would result in a desired feedback independence?
particular antenna design
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nResonant antennas are expected to be used around a particular resonant frequency; an antenna must therefore be built or ordered to match the frequency range of the intended application. A particular antenna design will present a particular feedpoint impedance. While this may affect the choice of...
572fe85db2c2fd14005685b4
If you were unable to choose the antenna you wanted how could you still achieve this result?
matching network
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nResonant antennas are expected to be used around a particular resonant frequency; an antenna must therefore be built or ordered to match the frequency range of the intended application. A particular antenna design will present a particular feedpoint impedance. While this may affect the choice of...
572fe8da04bcaa1900d76e8b
What is the essential difference in radio waves transmitted by an antenna?
polarization
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna transmits and receives radio waves with a particular polarization which can be reoriented by tilting the axis of the antenna in many (but not all) cases. The physical size of an antenna is often a practical issue, particularly at lower frequencies (longer wavelengths). Highly directio...
572fe8da04bcaa1900d76e8c
How can this be adjusted more easily than changing antenna types?
tilting the axis
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna transmits and receives radio waves with a particular polarization which can be reoriented by tilting the axis of the antenna in many (but not all) cases. The physical size of an antenna is often a practical issue, particularly at lower frequencies (longer wavelengths). Highly directio...
572fe8da04bcaa1900d76e8d
When might the size of an antenna cause an issue?
at lower frequencies
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna transmits and receives radio waves with a particular polarization which can be reoriented by tilting the axis of the antenna in many (but not all) cases. The physical size of an antenna is often a practical issue, particularly at lower frequencies (longer wavelengths). Highly directio...
572fe8da04bcaa1900d76e8e
There is a relationship between the size of the antenna and the size of the wavelength with what antenna type?
Highly directional
[ "Antenna_(radio)\n\nAn antenna transmits and receives radio waves with a particular polarization which can be reoriented by tilting the axis of the antenna in many (but not all) cases. The physical size of an antenna is often a practical issue, particularly at lower frequencies (longer wavelengths). Highly directio...