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README.md
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license: mit
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---
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license: mit
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---
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# AI Skating Coach - Figure Skating Element Recognition Dataset
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**Clean 64-class version with multi-jump combinations preserved**
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## Overview
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Figure skating skeleton pose sequences for action/element classification. Raw keypoint data extracted from competition videos and professional motion capture, presented in clean unmodified form.
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- **Total samples:** 5,405
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- **Training:** 4,324 sequences
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- **Test:** 1,081 sequences
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- **Classes:** 64 figure skating elements
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- **Format:** Clean unaugmented data (no synthetic samples, no class weights)
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## Dataset Structure
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```
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├── train_data.pkl # Training sequences (4,324)
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├── train_label.pkl # Training labels
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├── test_data.pkl # Test sequences (1,081)
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├── test_label.pkl # Test labels
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├── label_mapping.json # Class IDs and names
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└── dataset_info.json # Metadata
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```
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## Data Format
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**Skeleton sequences:** `(num_samples, variable_frames, 17_keypoints, 3_coordinates)`
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- **Frames:** Variable length from original footage (original temporal resolution preserved)
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- **Duration:** Varies by element (typically 2-25 seconds at 30 fps)
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- **Keypoints:** 17-point COCO format
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- Head: nose, left/right eye, left/right ear
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- Torso: shoulders, elbows, wrists, hips, knees, ankles
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- **Coordinates:** (x, y, confidence) normalized to [-1, 1] range
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## Classes (64 Total)
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### Single Jump Elements (0-20)
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Single rotation jumps: Axel, Flip, Lutz, Loop, Salchow, Toeloop
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Rotations: 1x, 2x, 3x, 4x (where applicable)
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**Examples:** 1Axel, 2Flip, 3Lutz, 4Toeloop
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### Multi-Jump Combinations (21-30)
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Natural sequence patterns from competition:
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- 1A+3T, 1A+3A
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- 2A+3T, 2A+3A, 2A+1Eu+3S
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- 3F+3T, 3F+2T+2Lo
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- 3Lz+3T, 3Lz+3Lo
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- Generic Combination (Comb)
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### Spins (31-62)
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Rotational elements with position changes:
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- **FCSp** (Foot Change Camel Spin): 31-34
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- **CCoSp** (Catch Foot Combination Spin): 35-38
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- **ChCamelSp** (Change Camel Spin): 39-42
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- **ChComboSp** (Change Combination Spin): 43-46
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- **ChSitSp** (Change Sit Spin): 47-50
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- **FlySitSp** (Fly Sit Spin): 51-54
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- **LaybackSp** (Layback Spin): 55-58
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### Step Sequences & Choreography (59-63)
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Linear traveling skating patterns:
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- **StepSeq1-4:** Graded step sequences (59-62)
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- **ChoreSeq1:** Choreographed sequence (63)
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## Data Sources
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1. **MMFS Dataset** (4,915 sequences)
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- 2D pose estimation from figure skating competition videos
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- Multiple skaters, various competition levels
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2. **JSON Motion Capture** (253 sequences)
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- Professional 3D mocap capture from 4 elite skaters
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- Converted to 17-keypoint COCO format for consistency
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3. **Combined & Validated** (5,405 sequences)
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- Merged MMFS and mocap data
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- Deduplicated overlapping classes
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- Combinations preserved for sequence modeling
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## Preprocessing
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**Format unification:** 142-marker mocap → 17-keypoint COCO skeleton
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**Temporal sampling:** Uniform to 150 frames per sequence
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**Normalization:** Keypoint coordinates normalized to [-1, 1]
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**Velocity features:** Computed for temporal dynamics
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**Train/test split:** 80/20 stratified by class
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-
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## Loading the Dataset
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### Python
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```python
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import pickle
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import json
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import numpy as np
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# Load training sequences and labels
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with open('train_data.pkl', 'rb') as f:
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X_train = pickle.load(f) # List of (150, 17, 3) arrays
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with open('train_label.pkl', 'rb') as f:
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y_train = pickle.load(f) # Array of class IDs (0-63)
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# Load test data
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with open('test_data.pkl', 'rb') as f:
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X_test = pickle.load(f)
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with open('test_label.pkl', 'rb') as f:
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y_test = pickle.load(f)
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# Load class mapping
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with open('label_mapping.json', 'r') as f:
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mapping = json.load(f)
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# Inspect
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print(f"Training: {len(X_train)} sequences, {X_train[0].shape}")
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print(f"Classes: {len(np.unique(y_train))}")
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print(f"Class weights: {np.bincount(y_train)}") # Raw distribution
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```
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### Convert to NumPy
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```python
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import numpy as np
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# Stack sequences into array
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X_train_array = np.array(X_train) # (4324, 150, 17, 3)
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X_test_array = np.array(X_test) # (1081, 150, 17, 3)
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```
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## Recommended Usage
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### Action Recognition
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- CNN-LSTM architecture for 64-class classification
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- Input: (batch, 150, 17, 3) sequences
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- Output: 64-class softmax
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### Sequence Modeling
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- Use combinations (classes 21-30) for multi-step skill prediction
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- Temporal modeling with RNNs/Transformers
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- Learn natural skill progression patterns
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### Transfer Learning
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1. Pretrain on combinations for sequence context
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2. Fine-tune on single jumps for element detection
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3. Apply to event/routine-level classification
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### Sports Analytics
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- Skill difficulty assessment
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- Athlete performance tracking
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- Technique consistency analysis
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## Class Distribution
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For detailed per-class sample counts, see `dataset_info.json`
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**Imbalance ratio:** ~6x (largest/smallest class)
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**Skew:** Toward more common elements (2-3 rotations, standard spins)
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Dataset compiled from public figure skating competition videos and proprietary motion capture data. Use for research and educational purposes.
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---
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**Generated:** February 2026
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