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Project Manager: Yep Soon as I get this This is our last meeting I will go ahead and go through the minutes from the previous meeting and then we will have a the prototype presentation then we will do an evaluation or we will see what what we need to have under the criteria for the evaluation Then we will go through th... | Project Manager introduced that the prototype incorporated fashion trends that people prefer fancy looking products like fruit and vegetable. After That, User Interface presented the product which looked like a banana and was bright yellow except for the blue button. The style was as simple as possible in order to fit ... |
Marketing: I do You guys are going to help me do an evaluation of the criteria So first I will just discuss some of the criteria that I found Just based on the past trend reports that I was looking at earlier And then we will do a group evaluation of the prototype And then we will calculate the average score to see how... | Marketing had some evaluation criteria in mind, based on previous marketing strategy, on the latest trends, and on user preferences. The team should figure out whether their product could solve the complaints of the ugly remote control. There was a seven-point scale rating for each criterion. The team would give commen... |
User Interface: It is bright It is
Project Manager: It still has your traditional black
User Interface: It is curved It is not there is no sharp
Industrial Designer: I would say when it comes to the ergonomics the form and stuff yes that is definitely more beautiful than your average However the colour we do not hav... | Generally speaking, the team agreed that the product was intuitive and had successfully incorporated main aims that the team had. The team believed the customers were not likely to lose the remote control since it was big and bright yellow with speech recognition. Moreover, Industrial Designer suggested adding an extra... |
Marketing: Two kay Are we technologically innovative ?
User Interface: do not get many mo remote controls with
Industrial Designer: It is all just stolen technology when it comes down to
Project Manager: But there is not a lot of yellow there is not a lotta yellow Course that was not really we were kind of forced to... | To start with, the team agreed that the remote control was indeed innovative with the LCD display incorporated and the way it could be used both-handed with an alarming feature. Also, it aimed at the recent fashion trend since it looked like a banana with a special yellow colour. Although some of its features were iden... |
Project Manager: We have energy source electronics case Then we have case material supplements interface type and then button supplements so first of all energy source we picked battery and how many batteries do we think this will probably take ? Probably some e either two or four
Industrial Designer: At four it is go... | Project Manager first introduced the budget and broke it down to parts like batteries, electronics, case material supplements, interface type and then button supplements. The team agreed that the push button, integrated scroll-wheel and the LCD display cost a lot but case materials were all the same. In this case, the ... |
Project Manager: h what did you think of our project process ?
User Interface: I think we did I think we did quite well
Industrial Designer: Just half a day you have a remote There you go
User Interface: Right from the start of the day We sort of knew where we were going straight away I thought
Project Manager: we ... | The team thought they had a really great team work experience. Everyone had put efforts into the process and gave opinions to design a good remote control. Also, the process incorporated different stages and new ideas could always be added based on the market finds. |
Marketing: evaluation Basic point have a list of criteria that we need to rate the prototype by then we will it is a seven s seven seven step kind of evaluation process So not seven steps seven scale So after we have finished doing all the ratings for each criteria we average that and that will give us some type of con... | The use of the LCD screen and the advanced chip cost the team half of the expenditure. Due to the budget limit, the team had to abandon some other designs such as the rubber material and the double-curved structure. The USB connection was not feasible for now as well. For the location function, a transmitter, a receive... |
User Interface: Mmhmm I mean one thing I mean ho how much extra would it be to to keep I mean keep the the articulation ?
Project Manager: It is hard to tell I would say that you are at least going to take double curved
User Interface: This is what I am wondering
Project Manager: and even then I am not quite sure if... | In the budget balancing, User Interface desired an articulation, which would, however, lead the remote control to be double-curved. Initially, Project Manager was not sure about this, for the double-curved design would go over the budget. Industrial Designer pointed out that a single curve would still allow the articul... |
Marketing: Oh wait a minute Sample speaker ? What is a sample speaker ? Is that somewhat similar to what we want ?
Project Manager: but at a cost of
User Interface: that is that voice response thing that we got the email about But I thought it was just completely pointless
Marketing: You got a email about voice resp... | User Interface told the team that the corporate had decided to incorporate a voice recognition chip into the remote control so that the team had to invent another method for users to locate the remote control once it got lost in a room. The team decided to make the remote control a special colour. Meanwhile, the remote... |
Marketing: Kay Ability to stop remotes from being lost or to find them once they are lost
User Interface: Three I think we can do three
Marketing: Three if we are being generous I feel
User Interface: Th the special colour does not would I think make a difference
Marketing: Think we are being generous here with thr... | In the product evaluation, the team was satisfied with its success in reducing the number of unused buttons. The user interface was considered to be user-friendly enough. However, the team also admitted that there was still room for improvement on the location function, technological innovation, the material, as well a... |
Marketing: Materials that people find pleasing Sponginess is what they really would have wanted apparently
Project Manager: It is Do not blame them because of the way that we have minimalised the number of buttons and such Plastic it sucks But it is no worse than any of the other pl remote controls we have
Marketing:... | The team had decided to replace the rubber with plastic due to the budget limit. When evaluating the material of the remote control, Marketing admitted that sponginess was what most users desired, which was the feel given by rubber. Project Manager agreed. However, Project Manager pointed out that a plastic remote cont... |
Project Manager: Is it inspired by clothing fashion ?
Marketing: But Th th they are referring to the fruit and veg thing Is this like a banana type colour ? Could we stretch no still it is not shaped like a banana is
User Interface: That is kind of i
Project Manager: It is kind o it
User Interface: it will not be w... | Marketing concluded from the market research that users expected the remote control to combine fruit and vegetable elements with its fashion design. User Interface disagreed with Marketing, for it was believed by User Interface that fruit and vegetable style was not the sole criterion for satisfactory fashion design of... |
Kirsty Williams AM: Diolch yn fawr Siân As I have said it is a bit difficult to place myself in the mind of the previous Minister when this legislation was first envisaged and then taken through You will be aware that there were four main reasons for the introduction of the Bill : around regulation of institutions in W... | Although highly challenged by the participants, Kirsty Williams AM argued that the Act had fulfilled the Government's objectives in regulating institutions, safeguarding contribution, managing fair access and protecting the principle of institutional autonomy. These strategic aims were still really important but in the... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: Do you feel perhaps that the legislation itself has not been strong enough and that you then have had to drive some of these objectives through the annual remit letter rather than through legislation and that is why the strengthening is required ?
Kirsty Williams AM: Certainly I see the remit letter... | The Act was considered that the legislation itself was not strong enough by Sian Gwenllian AM and Kirsty Williams AM agreed that remit letters were a really important way in which national priorities could be preserved. Moreover, it was stressed that it was important to make the distinction between the scale of private... |
Kirsty Williams AM: Of course the Act was introduced as a direct result of the changing scenario around finance and the different ways in which because of the reduction in HEFCWs budget the level of influence that HEFCW would be able to exert over institutions through the imposition of terms and conditions of funding— ... | To answer this question, Kirsty Williams AM first introduced the achievements that the new system of student finance did again shift the parameters of influence that HEFCW or any new tertiary commission could have in the different situations, as a direct result of the changing scenario. Moreover, it was a great success... |
Kirsty Williams AM: Well it is not something I wish I could do I think that we are doing it Selfpraise is no recommendation but because of the working relationship that we have I think we are seeing some success in using the remit letter to influence national outcomes So I have just talked about living wage we are also... | Currently, the government planned to use the remit letter to drive transparency over senior leaders' pay, the gender pay gap within institutions. For instance, it had been a success to use the remit letter and some funding to drive change and some improvements in mental health in the higher education sector. To conclud... |
Dawn Bowden AM: I think they were saying it was difficult to use for swift interventions—they found it a bit cumbersome They explained to us that they often take informal measures or actions in their role as regulator and they have explained that the small size of the sector enables good relationships to be developed H... | Dawn Bowden AM challenged that informal measures or actions had been taken in their role as regulator, and Kirsty Williams AM explained that the commission was expected to be able to have a series of abilities to intervene, from the soft, flexible type, which was non-punitive but actually allowed people to participate ... |
Huw Morris: In the Hazelkorn review there is quite a lot of focus on that and looking to learn from other national systems where outcome agreements provide a broader measure of the range of things the institutions do and a mechanism for tracking how things are done through the provision of information back to the insti... | Huw Morris started by introducing the focus on learning from other nations to track the information flows and help the universities in return. Meanwhile, Kirsty Williams AM suggested a balance to be achieved by each part of the participants. However, Dawn Bowden AM questioned about HEFCW's use of informal measures whic... |
Kirsty Williams AM: Well no not in the sense that they have brought them to me to talk about specifically From my perspective fee and access plans are focused very much on inputs and really I would like to think about outputs and outcomes more importantly—what are the outcomes of the fee and access plan not necessarily... | To answer Hefin David AM's question, Kirsty Williams AM first stressed that the success of the fee and access plan relied on the understanding of whether an annual basis was an appropriate timescale for a university to be working to, and whether a long period was suitable for the Act. Sometimes it was hard to make a fi... |
Hefin David AM: I will move on to managing risk if that is The feedback from Universities Wales suggests that with the outcome of the 2015 Act institutions with the strongest track records are more highly regulated than the riskier private alternative providers Do you think that Act has struck the right balance ?
Kirs... | Hefin David AM questioned about the right balance between institutions with the strongest track records that were more highly regulated and those riskier private alternative providers. Kirsty Williams AM argued that more attention should be paid to focus on the inherent quality of those charitable status which was rega... |
Dawn Bowden AM: Thank you We had some evidence from the University and College Union that were concerned about the governance of universities actually as being a bigger problem than the regulatory framework in many ways Can you tell us perhaps how the HE Act addresses the issue of poor governance or is it really just l... | Kirsty Williams AM first admitted that it was true that the Bill did not directly address issues around governance in the sector. However, establishing a more direct relationship with chairs of universities, especially one-to-one relationships with them, had been attached much importance and it was crucial to help the ... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: We have heard evidence regarding the difficulties caused by HEFCW having a legal duty to qualityassure all the provision in two further education colleges That sounds to me like some kind of an anomaly or an unintended consequence of the Act Could you clarify that and explain the situation in that in... | Sian Gwenllian AM argued that there was evidence regarding the difficulties caused by HEFCW having a legal duty to quality-assure all the provisions in two further education colleges. This process was regarded as an anomaly or an unintended consequence of the Act. Sian Gwenllian AM wanted Kirsty Williams AM to explain ... |
Kirsty Williams AM: Thank you My understanding—and as I said it is a bit difficult because I can not put myself into the thought process of the Minister at the time and what his expectation was But certainly my understanding is that it was not an unintended consequence it was an expectation built into the Act that HEFC... | Kirsty Williams AM first explained that it was a bit difficult to put herself in the position of the former Minister but it was clear that it should not be intended. However, she explained that the Act was built on what were the quality assessment arrangements in the 1992 Act, which required HEFCW to secure arrangement... |
Kirsty Williams AM: I am aware and we have listened to stakeholders concerns regarding proposals to introduce a single quality assessment body As I said we recognise that stakeholders are broadly content with the current situation with regard to Estyn and QAA So we have been listening to that following the technical co... | Kirsty Williams AM shared that the government had listened to stakeholders' concerns regarding proposals to introduce a single quality assessment body. And she stressed that the principles underlying any assurance regime would need to be coherent, effective and comprehensive. Besides, the quality framework should cover... |
Professor B: Well but we never also we ve also never done it
Postdoc A: This is the first cycle There are bound to be some glitches the first time through
Professor B: So And and I m sorry responding without having much knowledge but the thing is I am like one of these people who gets a gazillion mails and and stuff ... | The team decided to release their data on July 15th, but they still wanted to give people time to bleep things from the transcripts. There was skepticism that they could actually reach out to people and get everyone's consent that they were okay with whatever was being released. |
Professor B: It well it well you are right Sometimes somebody will be pause away and you know there s for any length of time that you choose pause there is some person sometime who will not pause end up reading it That s it s you know just a certain risk to take
PhD H: S so maybe when Am I on by the way ?
Grad F: I d... | The team thought that people would not respond to their emails, which would be compounded by them being out of town over the summer. Based on knowledge about similar data collection, they thought that emails should be enough, but skepticism about getting consent with emails prevailed. |
Grad F: So I do not expect anyone to But
Professor B: So w what follows ? At some point y you go around and get people to sign something ?
Grad F: No We had spoken w about this before and we had decided that they have they only needed to sign once And the agreement that they already signed simply said that we would g... | Grad F was responsible for bringing up the topic. Apparently, no one had replied to the emails allowing people to bleep things out so far. According to Grad F, as long as the email was sent out, the team was covered. Grad F thought this had been settled when the project started and did not need to be revisited. |
Postdoc A: And then I also the final thing I have for transcription is that I made a purchase of some other headphones because of the problem of low gain in the originals And and they very much appro they mu much prefer the new ones and actually I I mean I I think that there will be fewer things to correct because of t... | The team decided that it would be a good idea to purchase headphones. They also ordered a hundred gigabytes of disk space though they thought an extra eighteen for backup would not be a bad idea. This was good because the team was currently constrained by space. |
Postdoc A: but they are just not as good as these in this with this respect to this particular task
PhD H: Well return the old ones
Grad F: It s probably impedance matching problems
Postdoc A: I do not know exactly but we chose them because that s what s been used here by prominent projects in transcription So it i ... | Postdoc A thought that the original headphones had low gain, so he purchased new earphones. He informed the team that he just bought them from Cambridge SoundWorks down the street. They always have them in stock. |
Professor B: No but you would If you w we should get it
Grad F: But if you need it just get it
Postdoc A: It would just have to be a s a separate order an added order
Grad D: I still I still need to get a pair too
Professor B: They are they are they are they are pretty inexpensive
PhD E: that We should order a cou... | The professor thought that anyone who needed headphones should purchase them since they were not very expensive. He wanted to get the discussion about disk space out of the way. He informed the team that he had ordered a hundred gigabytes. |
Industrial Designer: they are in the LCD panel and the jogdial ?
Project Manager: So w what kind of thing is going to be
Industrial Designer: The LCD panel just displays functionally what you are doing If you are using an advanced function right like c brightness contrast whatever it will just say You know it is like... | User Interface indicated to have a simple LCD screen to cut down the budget, while Industrial Designer suggested the application of a little more complex LCD panel, like the number pad, could display the advanced functions possibly used by the users. Marketing and Project Manager agreed with Industrial Designer. Next, ... |
Industrial Designer: say a buttons about this size right so you would still have plenty of space for a slogan say even for that
Project Manager: So if this is not to scale what kind of dimensions are you thinking about here ?
User Interface: Well we want the other buttons to be big enough to push easily with a finger... | The button was red with a width of three centimeters and a half. As for the function, it could be used as a confirm button for the LCD screen and a power button if the user held it for around two seconds. |
User Interface: were going to have the volume control here but because we have got the the LCD and the jogdial we just thought we would use that as the volume
Project Manager: jogdial for volume And what else do you do with the jogdial ?
User Interface: you can use it for more advanced functions like contrast colour ... | The jog dial can be used to control volume, contrast, brightness, channels, auxiliary inputs, color, sharpness, sound, audio, left-right balance, and pre-programmed sound modes. |
Project Manager: then I would say two or three
Industrial Designer: Wait what is the scale one to seven right ?
User Interface: Ones highish is not it ? Ah so two or three
Marketing: Let us go with two point five then
Project Manager: Well it has the wee jogdial
Marketing: so we have had to remove a few of our fea... | Project Manager wanted the members to evaluate the whole process of the project, such as the system, leadership, teamwork, and tools given. The meeting system was considered creative yet inefficient as the early designs were found generally out of budget. As for leadership, the process was a bit too structured. As for ... |
Marketing: Sure so what is it you are asking of me now ?
Project Manager: I do not know just your opinion on those four those four points really and how we used them
Marketing: Or sort of our work on setting this up Well is it I will just go through your system then The the room is fairly institutional but the main t... | Marketing thought Project Manager's system was fairly institutional with a central point of creativity, but the group ought to focus more on the stylish look and technology and make a proper consideration on the budget. |
Industrial Designer: You feel like you are caged within whatever y It is like a balloon in a cage it can only go so big and not hit the side The constraints do come in very fast
Project Manager: actually let us take each point and everybody discuss it I think So still on the topic of room for creativity next up is Cra... | Industrial Designer thought the meeting was not friendly to the brainstorming. The restriction was not about the atmosphere but related to the actual environment and the limited time for discussion. Besides, the interaction was structured, meaning each individual took charge of one particular task without enough collab... |
User Interface: Right Thank you Mines not quite as complicated as all that
Project Manager: That is what we like to hear
User Interface: Did I press function ?
Project Manager: Is it control function ei Oh th there you go
User Interface: Oh so I am going to talk a bit about the technical functions design I am Louis... | User Interface preferred a more user-friendly remote with nice big buttons and limited number of buttons. She also gave her suggestions about the symbol and colour of the remote. Then, they discussed the number of buttons on the remote. |
User Interface: Oh so I am going to talk a bit about the technical functions design I am Louisa the User Interface Designer as you know so the m basic method of this is to send a signal from the remote to the television set so that a desired function is performed an example of the function could be to change the volume... | User Interface suggested that they could design the symbols and colours for the remote. However, the Project Manager reminded the team that they should put their own logo and colour scheme on the remote, which means that they could not design those things by themselves. |
Industrial Designer: Would you be able to get rid of the the extra buttons here the the sort of circular section because that seems to be for a video as well So we could dispense with that little bit as well and just get it down to just the numbers and the volume Possibly ?
User Interface: What do you mean by the circ... | The team agreed that there should be 17 buttons on the remote, including number 0 to 9, volume up and down, mute, channel up and down, stand-by and power buttons. Besides the buttons of brightness and contrast should be put on the back of the remote. |
Marketing: Right we have done some research into the functional requirements that people want out of their remote control And first off we should state that th the remote controls for controlling the TV and how do people use it ? We asked them sort of which buttons were useful for them how d how does a remote control l... | According to the research of Marketing, three quarters of the customers thought that their remotes are ugly. People only concentrated on the channel buttons, the volume buttons and the power buttons, and other buttons on the remote were seldom pressed. Many customers found it frustrating when their remotes were lost so... |
Marketing: Right we have done some research into the functional requirements that people want out of their remote control And first off we should state that th the remote controls for controlling the TV and how do people use it ? We asked them sort of which buttons were useful for them how d how does a remote control l... | Marketing suggested that the remote should be good looking and high-tech. And they should concentrate on the functions of changing channels and volumes. Besides, they could also think about using speech recognition as a way for people to find the remote control if it's lost in a room. |
Marketing: and that is the end of the slide show That is it Cool
Project Manager: What was that last wee bit there ? But that was only for young people that preferred it older people did not
Marketing: Youn young people pref they s they said that they would be interested in a remote control which offered that possibi... | Industrial Designer thought that the technology would be quite advanced and they might end up costing more than 25 budgets for speech recognition. |
Project Manager: Kay Alright Now we have Courtney with the functional requirements
Marketing: Yes so we tested a hundred subjects in our lab and we just we watched them and we also made them fill out a questionnaire and we found that the users are not typically happy with current remote controls Seventy five percent t... | Marketing first shared the results of their lab tests. It was found that users preferred a fancier but yet simpler remote, and as a result, their product should be high-tech looking but also user-friendly. Since the research found that most users would only use ten percent of the buttons, they decided to only keep the ... |
Marketing: Like They like I guess use the buttons a lot I do not know It is from my research My team was not very clear
User Interface: Only use ten percent of the buttons
Project Manager: What do you mean by the current remote controls do not match well with the operating behaviour of the user like they have to pres... | According to the lab tests, users only use ten percent of the buttons on a remote. It was shown that users didn't really need all the buttons provided by current remotes, and it would be more user-friendly if their new remote could lose the unnecessary ones. The most frequently used buttons were those for the channel, ... |
Marketing: Mmhmm And so people say that they typically lose it as you yourself know because you probably lose your remote control all the time much like any small appliance like a cellphone and they we need something simple because most people well thirty four percent say that it is just too much time to learn how to u... | One thing they could do was to design a lost-and-found function to accommodate the user's need to retrieve the remote when it was lost. Another way was to give it a modern eye-catching design that could distinguish the new remote from current standard ones. Also, given that speech recognition was an up-and-coming thing... |
Project Manager: let us talk about all of our We will come to decision later about all the components that we need to include let us wrap up this one and I am going to go back to my PowerPoint because we need to discuss the new project requirements which you might have already seen flashed up on the screen a bit earlie... | Project Manager first announced that their product was only going to be a TV remote instead of a multifunctional one, and that the yellow colour and the slogan of their company should be included in their design. Their target group should be people of all ages with little to no technical literacy. The specific function... |
Industrial Designer: What if we gave it a charger ? And on the charger just like a phone like you get a portable phone and it is got a charger and if you d leave your phone somewhere you push the button to find it and it finds th the phone beeps for you
User Interface: But you got a base
Marketing: Do you think peopl... | Industrial Designer suggested that the remote could be attached to a charger base, and the lost remote would beep if a button on the base was pushed. This might add to their costs, and would require a rechargeable battery for the remote. Project Manager later proposed that the speech recognition could be part of the lo... |
User Interface: Well do we want to include the numbers like zero through nine ? Can we conceive of leaving them out ?
Marketing: Wait on the remote itself ?
User Interface: like you have one two three four five six seven eight nine zero
Marketing: Well we definitely need those
Project Manager: how would you leave t... | User Interface first asked whether they could possibly leave out the number buttons, but this proposal was turned down by others. They simplified the buttons to on-off, volume, mute, channel up/down, and the numbers 0–9. For more advanced functions, Project Manager suggested an additional one-for-all menu button that w... |
Project Manager: the selling price for the remote will be twenty five Euro and the production cost may not be more than twenty and a half Euro So from my point of view I do not think it is going to be very very high tech high definition ultra modern kind of remote for twelve fift twelve and a half Euro the profit we mu... | The remote control would be priced at 25 Euros, produced at the cost of 12.5 Euros. Since the company has international market range, at least 2 million units would have to be sold to meet the company's profit goals of 50 million Euros. |
Project Manager: So now it is time for us to going to discuss a little things You can think about experience with a remote control yourself at home What you think might be a useful new feature What what can distinguish our new trendy remote control from all the others so let us let us discuss a little I am going to joi... | User Interface believed the most important function is to switch channels, and so it would be better to keep the remote control as basic as possible. Marketing proposed that the remote control had to be multi-purpose to be competitive among current products. Project Manager agreed to do something special on the product... |
Marketing: I have some points from marketing point of view just the standard thing li things like intuitive small fairly cheap it is pretty cheap twenty five Euros brand independent I think it does not have to matter which brand your TV or other thing is I will wrap it up quickly I personally think it has to be multipu... | Marketing put forward innovative ideas including using radio waves and bluetooth. In the proposal, some potential problems about high cost and being limited to marketing aspects had also been mentioned by Marketing. Based on this, PM agreed that those ideas could help the product to be special and competitive, but PM a... |
Marketing: I will wrap it up quickly I personally think it has to be multipurpose most of the remote c remote controls are just for one purpose And by making it multipurpose it has a new feature adds a new feature to the market and distinguish from from current products maybe some other technology than infrared I rathe... | Marketing recommended developing a multi-purpose remote control because most of the remote controls on the market were made just for one purpose. Besides, Marketing suggested to use some other technology, such as radio waves and bluetooth, than infrared because it could be easily affected by obstacles. Thirdly, a nice ... |
Project Manager: next meeting will start in thirty minutes So you will have individual actions where I presume will be some feedback via the m the mail the the the Industrial Designer has to look at the working design the User Interface Designer has to look at the technical functions So that is the thing we discussed
... | Project Manager gave each team member different tasks. Project Manager asked Industrial Designer to look at the working design, User Interface to work on the technical functions and Marketing to be responsible for user requirements. User Interface recommended to achieve some agreement on whether to use the new remote c... |
PhD F: I was going to try to get out of here like in half an hour cuz I really appreciate people coming and the main thing that I was going to ask people to help with today is pause to give input on what kinds of database format we should pause use in starting to link up things like word transcripts and annotations of ... | C developed an XML format that links together utterances based on time tags, essentially creating a lattice. The XML format would be divided into many sections, each with its own ID and timeline tag. The XML format could be modified to deal with smaller linguistic units since that would only entail changing the timesta... |
PhD F: OK So I mean that seems that seems g great for all of the encoding of things with time and I I guess my question is more what d what do you do with say a forced alignment ? I mean you ve got all these phone labels and what do you do if you just conceptually if you get transcriptions where the words are staying b... | F was concerned about how the time labels would adjust to smaller phonetic units. F inquired if the time boundaries could be changed by propagating new information throughout the XML. F thought that they could configure different XML files to deal with different units, but it would lead to large file sizes. |
PhD A: Oh that s That s actually very nicely handled here because you could you could all you would have to change is the time stamps in the time line without without changing the I Ds
PhD F: And you would be able to propagate all of the the information ?
Grad C: Right That s the who that s why you do that extra leve... | A had seen an example of this kind of XML format before. A thought that the time boundaries were nicely handled but believed that smaller linguistic units would drain too much memory. It was essentially like a lattice, in his opinion. Though, A did not seem too concerned with dealing with smaller linguistic units since... |
Grad C: I guess I m just a little hesitant to try to go whole hog on sort of the the whole framework that that NIST is talking about with ATLAS and a database and all that sort of stuff cuz it s a big learning curve just to get going Whereas if we just do a flat file format sure it may not be as efficient but everyone ... | Since the team is familiar with Perl and a flat file format is easier, it was suggested that the cost of learning a new framework, like ATLAS, might be too high. It was suggested that ATLAS be used for the external file representation initially, and if it seems suitable, then it should be adopted in its entirety. P fil... |
Grad C: I guess I m just a little hesitant to try to go whole hog on sort of the the whole framework that that NIST is talking about with ATLAS and a database and all that sort of stuff cuz it s a big learning curve just to get going Whereas if we just do a flat file format sure it may not be as efficient but everyone ... | C thought that other options have a big learning curve, which should be taken into account, and that a flat format works well. A flat file format may not be fast, but everyone can handle it. C believed that quick and dirty solutions should be balanced with long-term infrastructural solutions. For instance, Perl can be ... |
Grad C: For Perl if you want to just do Perl If you wanted to use the structured XML query language that s a different thing And it s a set of tools that let you specify given the D DDT DTD of the document what sorts of structural searches you want to do So you want to say that you know you are looking for a tag within... | F wanted to ensure that prosodic features could be dealt with at the level of small linguistic units. F proposed that they be attached to the word or segment level with the option of extracting smaller units. This would allow the team to keep what they have without starting over. |
User Interface: How do you wear this thing ? Not too many cables and stuff
Project Manager: Is recorded ? ? so welcome everyone So we are here for the kickoff meeting of the process of designing a new remote control So I will first start with a warm welcome opening stuff then we will see what will be our product and w... | Mutual greeting heralded the beginning of the meeting and the goal of the new remote control project was introduced by Project Manager to the conferees as to win over competitive products by being original, trendy and user-friendly. Then Project Manager continued with the introduction of the design process, which was d... |
Project Manager: Do you have any idea of which animal you want to show us ?
User Interface: Can I give you the no ? But I do not have to say anything When I am drawing the orangutan
Project Manager: If you want to react about this wonderful drawing I will let you comment
User Interface: It is an abstract drawing of ... | Project Manager recommended a drawing activity of conferees’ favourite animals with the aim of inspiring and contributing to the design process of the remote control. |
User Interface: I is there a matter for a new remote control ?
Project Manager: if it is trendy original I d fulfil the user needs
User Interface: Is it a single device remote control or is it a multidevice remote control ?
Project Manager: We have to discuss that point
User Interface: this is not defined at all ? ... | Given the customer demand and conferees personal experiences, several designing requirements were proposed during the discussion. The remote control was decided to be adaptable to multiple devices with few buttons, be able to be lighted in the dark and held in hand, and be both water-proof and shock-proof along with a ... |
Industrial Designer: And I think we should have a device
Project Manager: Maybe it is original because you can use it in your in your bath whereas the others can not Maybe waterproof would be very original Havin having a waterproof remote control so that the people can use it in their bath
User Interface: B it seems ... | Considering the product originality, Project Manager believed that a water-proof remote control could be used in the bath conveniently while saving the customer’s need to purchase an extra plastic cover. Therefore, originality and competitiveness might be gained over competitive products. |
User Interface: And and that is one of the that is one of the shock I mean there are people that have a remote control and they are worried that it is going to break and they put some extra plastic around it That is people they actually do it themselves
Project Manager: But maybe we can bulk it with already this plast... | Conferees agreed that the remote control could be sold with optional plastic protection and water-proof box for customers to choose. |
Industrial Designer: And I I think we should have something most of the time I I lose my remote control We should have s special bu button on the TV to make the remote control beeping
Project Manager: Maybe we can have But we do not design the TV Maybe we can have something you whistle and the remote control beep So w... | Industrial Designer first recommended adding a special beeping button on the TV set to remind users of where the remote controls were, but the plan was deemed impractical concerning TV sets that were not designed by them. Then Project Manager suggested whistle tracking and was approved by all the conferees as an origin... |
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: Thank you Chair What is the Welsh Government doing to address the big differences in the amount of early childhood education and care provision available in different parts of Wales ?
Julie Morgan AM: Right Well thank you very much for that question I mean obviously it would be good to see a g... | Julie Morgan insisted that they were aware that different local authorities actually had adopted different patterns of providing early education. And with the Flying Start programme being geographically targeted, with the education being determined by the local authorities, they knew that there was a variance throughou... |
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: Going back to my original question about the big differences in amounts of early childhood education and care provision in different parts of Wales the Welsh and UK Governments have followed a demanddriven approach to the childcare market with subsidies mainly given to working parents Is that a... | The Welsh and UK Governments had followed a demand-driven approach to the childcare market, with subsidies mainly given to working parents, which was a mistake and should be more universally available. The demand-driven approach was based more on certain factors: geographic spread in terms of it being more universal, a... |
Lynne Neagle AM: Thank you I have got some questions now from Janet FinchSaunders
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: Thank you Chair What is the Welsh Government doing to address the big differences in the amount of early childhood education and care provision available in different parts of Wales ?
Julie Morgan AM: Right Well... | The team was aware that different local authorities actually had adopted different patterns of providing early education. And with the Flying Start programme being geographically targeted, with the education being determined by the local authorities, they knew that there was a variance throughout Wales. Next some of th... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: No to meet the demand
Julie Morgan AM: In other areas it is much much lower—in some of the cities I know So there is a big range in takeup—
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: So do you intend to bring something forward to address that ?
Julie Morgan AM: We are planning to extend it We are looking at the pos... | Janet Finch-Saunders believed that the Welsh and UK Governments had followed a demand-driven approach to the childcare market, with subsidies mainly given to working parents, so there was not a level playing field to start from. However, Julie Morgan insisted that some of their provision was universally available in ce... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: No to meet the demand
Julie Morgan AM: In other areas it is much much lower—in some of the cities I know So there is a big range in takeup—
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: So do you intend to bring something forward to address that ?
Julie Morgan AM: We are planning to extend it We are looking at the pos... | Julie Morgan insisted that some of their provision was universally available in certain areas. Hence historically that was definitely true of the programme. Then they were certainly planning to expand the programme, which is believed to be a demand-led approach. Last they were managing it within the normal budgetary pr... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: Just in terms of the foundation phase there have been cuts of course in expenditure in that phase How concerned are you about that and the impact that that will have on the way in which the foundation phase is taught in our schools ? The foundation phase is now part of the education improvement grant... | Julie Morgan certainly plans to expand the programme, which is believed to be a demand-led approach. Last they were managing it within the normal budgetary process, developing a more integrated approach towards the early years, and had got the system of inspection to ensure that. Because some of their provision was uni... |
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: And finally from me what specific steps have been put in place to take forward the commitments from the Welsh Governments 2017 childcareplay early years workforce plan to build a better understanding of the workforces Welsh language skills to enable support for the sector to be targeted and to ... | Julie Morgan thought the demand was very important, and they were pleased that 29 per cent of children taking up the childcare offer were in Welsh or bilingual settings, so that they established a specific programme to develop Welsh language skills in the childcare and played workforce with the National Centre for Lear... |
Nicola Edwards: But they do not necessarily have Welsh that is appropriate They have got Welsh that they have developed in school It is not necessarily appropriate for then teaching that language to children who may be coming from families who do not use Welsh at home So that might be the first interaction that child h... | Nicola Edwards alleged that it was not necessarily appropriate for teaching language to children, because they might be coming from families who didn't use Welsh at home, but it is mainly about getting people to a point where they can transmit that language onwards in a confident and meaningful way. |
Janet Finch-Saunders AM: And finally from me what specific steps have been put in place to take forward the commitments from the Welsh Governments 2017 childcareplay early years workforce plan to build a better understanding of the workforces Welsh language skills to enable support for the sector to be targeted and to ... | Julie Morgan recommended to believe the demand was very important, and to establish a specific programme to develop Welsh language skills in childcare and played workforce with the National Centre for Learning Welsh to develop workplace Welsh language skills across the sector. And also she agreed on Nicola Edwards's id... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: As we know of course the work with Her Majestys Revenue and Customs has ended and I know you were not the Minister who initiated this process but what exactly has gone wrong ? What are these issues that have come to light that have made you suspend that ? It is very frustrating for us as a committee ... | Sian Gwenllian pointed out that the issues with HMRC had come to light that had made the team suspended the programme for the HMRC would have put limits on that. Julie Morgan answered that in terms of the Welsh language standards that the Minister had to use, there would be some difficulties in them doing it. For insta... |
Sian Gwenllian AM: As we know of course the work with Her Majestys Revenue and Customs has ended and I know you were not the Minister who initiated this process but what exactly has gone wrong ? What are these issues that have come to light that have made you suspend that ? It is very frustrating for us as a committee ... | Julie Morgan thought that in terms of the Welsh language standards that the Minister had to use, there would be some difficulties in them doing the programme. For instance this would be delivered via HMRC with the English offer, which would cause difficulties for the Welsh offer. So, they wanted something more flexible... |
Suzy Davies AM: Thank you Ms Daniels you referred to value for money How much is it actually going to cost to change this system from being a temporary arrangement with local authorities to a permanent one ? And how much more is it going to cost for the more flexible system that you have in mind ? They are not going to... | Jo-Anne Daniels finally came to the conclusion that they could deliver a cheaper system with flexibility that the Deputy Minister had referred to by working with local authorities rather than HMRC. At the moment, the extra cost would be about £2.5 million, which according to their initial estimate suggested that it wou... |
Grad F: and that s just what I used to generate the order of these particular ones
Professor C: So I m impressed by what we could do Is take the standard training set for TI digits train up with whatever you know great features we think we have for instance and then test on this test set And presumably it should do re... | The group discussed the collection status for a set of connected digits recordings that are nearly complete and ready to be trained on a recognizer. Anticipated results were discussed in reference to results obtained for other digits corpora, i.e. Aurora and TI-digits. |
Grad F: so that the reason it s not just a transcript is that there are false starts and misreads and miscues and things like that And so I have a set of scripts and X Waves where you just select the portion hit ARE it tells you what the next one should be and you just look for that You know so it it will put on the sc... | decision was also made to delegate transcribers with the task of labelling a subset of digits or Switchboard data for fine-grained acoustic-phonetic features. Speaker fe008 will run selected Meeting Recorder data through channelize and determine whether the resulting units are of a sufficient length. |
Professor C: I mean this is the kind of reason why I remember when at one of the Switchboard workshops that when we talked about doing the transcription project Dave Talkin said `` can not be done `` He was he was what what he meant was that this is not you know a sequence of phones and when you actually look at Switch... | The group also considered the prospect of performing fine-grained acoustic-phonetic analyses on a subset of Meeting Recorder digits or Switchboard data. Pre-segmentation manipulations that allow for the segmentation of channel-specific speech/non-speech portions of the signal and the distinction of foreground versus ba... |
Professor C: no I I do not disagree with that
PhD G: And Steve s type is fairly it s not that slow I do not know exactly what the timing was but
Professor C: you I do not disagree with it the on the only thing is that What you actually will end en end up with is something i it s all compromised right so the string th... | The group discussed the prospect of performing fine-grained acoustic-phonetic analyses on a subset of digits or Switchboard data. It was suggested that prior to the use of data-driven methods, knowledge-driven approaches should be used to 'seed' the data with sub-phonemic features, either manually, or using a rich pron... |
Marketing: But in the cost that the management is looking for that is not going to be possible But if it is trendy if it is fancy it is got some colour to it if it is very easy easy to use if it is got simple remote speech remote control like I said louder softer change channel on off remote it goes beep beep I can fin... | The group decided that the feature of speech recognition should be included to the remote control, even though it would exceed the cost constraint set by the management. Marketing believed that it is worth taking a risk because speech recognition is new to the market and customers would be willing to pay extra for this... |
Marketing: I will explain myself here now in the sense that in a in the recent surveys from the ages fr from fifteen to thirtyfive eighty percent are willing to spend more money for something as fancy as trendy Twentyfive Euros that is that is a preson reasonable price That is a market price right now Now if we are goi... | Marketing believed this feature would improve the market competitiveness of this product based on a conducted survey on user requirement. One the one hand, 80% of the 15-35 year-old group are willing to spend more money for trendy new products. 75% - 90% of this group is willing to pay for speech recognition on a remot... |
Industrial Designer: so that you have enough juice to do all these fancy things
User Interface: It seems also like with the speech recognition it is a great feature but if you are watching TV there is a lot of ambient sound and it is words It is not just you know noises like something hitting It is actual speech so th... | User Interface found this feature great, but he noticed that the ambient sound coming from television would confuse the speech recognition and might accidentally trigger the remote control. User Interface pointed out that Industrial Designer had to make sure the speech recognizer would be good enough to filter out the ... |
Industrial Designer: So well I I figured we should identify some user requirements and from my experience I want to and from research I did the the device has to turn the television on and off the first time you press on the big button you can not can not have like waffling on this point you know Really have It needs t... | Industrial Designer suggested that the remote control needed to be able to turn the television on and off, control the volume and the menu, change channels, both by directly going to a specific channel or by channel surfing. As for the material used for the construction of the outer case, it needed to be not only flexi... |
User Interface: and that is fine So basically the method that we usually use in the user interface design is that we need to look at what people like and what people do not like about existing products So in our case existing remote controls And then what the good ideas are and what the bad ideas are and why they are b... | Based on user perspective feedback, User Interface pointed out that the buttons on remote controls are generally too many and too small. Even though they were sometimes labeled, it was still not clear for the users to tell what each button was supposed to do. Given this, User Interface preferred to keep the number of b... |
Project Manager: let me interrupt you if you can add other facility other feature like unbreakable because especially today you know you have the family and the kids and the kids throw it and they they play with their remotes and
Industrial Designer: Run over it with a car
Project Manager: Yes so if you can add the f... | Given the fact that for families with children, remote controls were always played or even thrown by kids, Project Manager would prefer the material used in the construction of the product, especially on the outside, to be unbreakable. Project Manager also suggested that the product should be slim and simple. On top of... |
Industrial Designer: so I think I will do my presentation on the components concept so can you please open I am participant two so the first thing I have done is to to made a review together with the manufactural department and have which components was available to build a remote control So for energy sources we have ... | The team talked about using a battery on the remote control and discussed different types of energy, they would find out if the kinetic metal was sufficient to provide enough energy. As to the shape of the remote control, there should be a curve which would fit into users' hands when they grab the remote control. They ... |
Industrial Designer: so the first thing I have done is to to made a review together with the manufactural department and have which components was available to build a remote control So for energy sources we have we have to choose between the solar energy hand dynamo and kinetic well kinetic technique to to store the e... | The team could choose from the basic battery, kinetic battery and solar energy. Solar energy would not work in a cluttered environment. Kinetic battery was the one people could recharge by themselves. The team would find out if the kinetic metal was sufficient to provide enough energy. |
Industrial Designer: So so I think we can start with these two main things For the case well I think that titanium is is a good choice because it is trendy and it is it is well it is modern and user are are are mm will be very happy to have a a a nice remote For the interface I think that we can ach achieve all the des... | Titanium case was trendy and modern. Users would be happy with it. But the team was still not very sure about the material of the case. |
Marketing: So we just made an marketing survey of what people need from our remotes and how it could be special from the other remotes And we got the best on the responses from the questionnaires we also have some prizes for the most creative solutions And we found the following solutions which we could which would be ... | The team discussed a marketing survey about remote controls. They agreed to design remote controls with more fancy outlook and less buttons. The remote control should be easier to find and less complicated so users take less time to learn the functionality of it and the team discussed how to implement this function. Th... |
Marketing: And the third problem was to find the remote control Always so fifty percent of the people say they lose the remotes
Industrial Designer: Well so we we can think about a well a a vocal command like find and when the remote control hears fine well just to make him beep or t
Project Manager: You will listen ... | The team decided that the remote control would beep if it got lost. Also, the remote control would be put on the fixed charger if users did not use it, so it would be hard to get lost. |
User Interface: Mm I think we need to define also a s the set of vocabularies for the speech recogniser because if you want say we can sort by channels or sort by TV programs you have to decide a category of vocabularies for them If numbers they are easy but if name the channel by by name
Industrial Designer: Well I t... | Industrial Designer proposed that the team could have just numbers for channels and the speech recogniser should be able to distinguish between different voices and deal with noises. |
Project Manager: Oh that It will not does not Maybe we should start with the the technical functions
Industrial Designer: how can I get this on the whiteboard ?
Project Manager: Well it is you dumped the file in the in the sh in the project document folder You have already done that ? Well let us close this one We wi... | Industrial Designer believed that the working design did not involve specialised technologies and therefore would not cost much or be difficult. User Interface questioned this statement by arguing that the technical functions depended on the user requirements. The team discussed this point and then agreed that the remo... |
Marketing: It is alright Alright I have done some research for functional requirements yes The working method there were hundred w h one hundred people how do you say f watched using remote controls in the usability lab and they also filled out a questionnaire with a few questions I have lined them up here ask whether ... | Project Manager considered it necessary to focus on customers younger aged below forty because they have potential needs to be fulfilled. By contrast, Marketing believed that the project should target a large group rather than only people younger than forty. |
Marketing: Well to be honest if our aim group is till forty not older than forty maybe that is not very we do not really need to have a simple remote control I think we can implement more functions then because basically the younger people are more able to adapt to new technology and therefore will be a more
Project M... | User Interface did not like the idea of putting lots of functions in the remote control because younger people were looking for a trendy look rather than multiple functions. |
Project Manager: But that is that is Do you have you have you think about tha thought about that ? How we can what the extra touch can be Do you suggest design or the shape or some gadget f f kind of feature or Well it was something about how we lose them Maybe it should be a remote control when you you clap you hands ... | At first, Project Manager pointed out that the key lied in users' pain point, which was the trouble of losing remote controls. The team then started brainstorming in this direction, coming up with ideas such as a can opener, bouncing pads, big buttons, flashy design, changeable fronts, etc. Later on, Project Manager pu... |
Project Manager: that it it it it stands up you have to put it on its So it is like a vase or something you put on a table no no put stuff inside it But it is like like a statue or something
Industrial Designer: More like a joystick then
Marketing: I see what you mean yep
User Interface: It is like you have four pho... | Project Manager believed that money spent on the rechargeable units was necessary because other elements of the remote control were just basic. In addition, Project Manager thought it would not cost much if the product was produced in Taiwan. However, it was acknowledged that cost could probably be a concern so he/ she... |
Project Manager: that it it it it stands up you have to put it on its So it is like a vase or something you put on a table no no put stuff inside it But it is like like a statue or something
Industrial Designer: More like a joystick then
Marketing: I see what you mean yep
User Interface: It is like you have four pho... | To Industrial Designer, remote controls could last a long time with two batteries. Therefore, it might not be necessary or attractive enough to customers in his/ her opinion. |
Project Manager: now I hope everybody has a little bit more insight in the functions we all have and what we are doing right now I am the Project Manager so I am here to mess things up and tell you some new requirements that is we have got to design a remote which is only suitable for TV that is because it will be too ... | Project Manager announced that the remote control ought to be only suitable for TV, and that teletext as an outmoded function should be skipped, while internet access becomes an optional function. Meanwhile, target customers are specified as 40 plus. However, Project Manager's requirements of no teletext and design sim... |
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