In present world, the world has modified and many men and ladies take care of climatic modification and want to avoid this harmful phenomena right away. 1 of the possibility to protect our Earth and do not miss heat and energy is application of wind power into our daily life.
In present day world, most of individuals who reside in towns appreciate the phrase ‘eco’ and they do lots of things to reside in the ‘environmental’ style. 1 of the idea is to make a usage of wind to produce the power to their homes. They create household wind generator which create the energy to their homes. However, it is recommended to know anything more about advantages and negatives of generating the household wind generator.
Wind energy is one of the renewable energy sources. Have you ever wondered about how such energy is generated? Quite siple, energy is obtained by means of certain turbines. Those turbines convert mechanical energy into electricity. Nonetheless, it is important to keep in mind that wind turbines can create electricity only where the wind blows. Moreover, the speed of wind has to be faster than “start speed”. Otherwise, turbines remain stationary and the energy will not be produced.
Currently observing miscellaneous medias such as for example TV as well as reading different websites we may improvingly systematically observe that miscellaneous specialists in sphere of the environment protection are alarming about the negative state of our planet.
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Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.


Alpha Decay- Smoke Detectors
Recall that alpha particles or Helium nuclei (42He) are emitted during radioactive decay.
You probably have read about alpha particles being used in the Rutherford gold foil experiment, but it may surprise you to learn that alpha particles may be found in every room you walk in! One conventional use for alpha particles can be found in household smoke detectors. Rest assured, this minute amount of radiation is harmless! In ionization detectors, a tiny amount of Americium-241 continuously releases a stream of alpha particles. These alpha particles ionize air atoms by striking off electrons from free floating atoms in the air. Inside the detector are 2 plates, one negatively charged and one positively charged; the ions will be drawn toward the negative plate and the electrons will be attracted towards the positive plate, thus creating an electrical current. If the current is broken such as when smoke particles attach to the ions, the detector will sound off.
1. What other types of smoke detectors exist?
2. What types of atoms (specifically) are ionized by the alpha particles in the detector?
3. What are other conventional uses of Alpha particles that you may see everyday?
4. What are some commonly associated concerns with alpha particles and radioactive materials in general?


Christmas tree packet
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In information technology, a Christmas tree packet is a packet with every single option set for whatever protocol is in use. The term derives from a fanciful image of each little option bit in a header being represented by a different-colored light bulb, all turned on, as in "the packet was lit up like a Christmas tree". It can also be known as a kamikaze packet, nastygram, or lamp test segment.
Christmas tree packets can be used as a method of divining the underlying nature of a TCP/IP stack by sending the packets and then awaiting and analyzing the responses. When used as part of scanning a system, the TCP header of a Christmas tree packet has the flags FIN, URG and PSH set. Many operating systems implement their compliance with the Internet Protocol standard (RFC 791) in varying or incomplete ways. By observing how a host responds to an odd packet, such as a Christmas tree packet, inferences can be made regarding the host's operating system. Versions of Microsoft Windows, BSD/OS, HP-UX, Cisco IOS, MVS, and IRIX display behaviors that differ from the RFC standard when queried with said packets.
A large number of Christmas tree packets can also be used to conduct a DoS attack by exploiting the fact that Christmas tree packets require much more processing by routers and end-hosts than the "usual" packets do.
Christmas tree packets can be easily detected by intrusion-detection systems or more advanced firewalls. From a network security point of view, Christmas tree packets are always suspicious and indicate a high probability of network reconnaissance activities.


A-Level General Paper: Content Knowledge for Revision is designed to equip students with a wealth of relevant knowledge. Students will be presented with a wide array of topics, ranging from the environment to the arts. Each unit is specially crafted to allow students to gain a further understanding of each topic, giving them the necessary skills and knowledge to ace General Paper.
This book aims to prepare students for the A Levels by providing content that is summarised without forgoing the details. The information is crafted into meaningful insights to allow students to effectively evaluate and argue their stands, giving them the confidence to take on the subject.


Feature The Case of the Slave-Ship Zong Robert Weisbord describes the shocking events that took place on an 18th-century British slaver. Robert Weisbord | Published in History Today Volume 19 Issue 8 August 1969 The Slave Ship, by J.M.W. Turner, 1840. To continue reading this article you will need to purchase access to the online archive. Buy Online Access Buy Print & Archive Subscription If you have already purchased access, or are a print & archive subscriber, please ensure you are logged in. Please email firstname.lastname@example.org if you have any problems.


Every day, your immune system encounters thousands of pathogens that try to penetrate and wreak havoc on your body. In fact, if it wasn’t for this system, none of us would be alive today!
Even though this system is highly sophisticated, it is not perfect. Every now and then, your immune system will launch a severe immune response against a harmless substance. If this process is recurrent, we are dealing with an allergy.
Causes of allergy
The exact causes of allergy have not yet been pinpointed; however, scientists believe it’s a combination of nature and nurture.
The nature part is the genetic predisposition that runs in families. If you have a close relative with many allergies, your risk of developing a new onset allergy is high.
The nature part relates to environmental exposure to chemical substances, which can be the trigger point of allergies.
Immunologists refer to the immune reaction that causes allergy symptoms as a hypersensitivity reaction. During a hypersensitivity reaction, your immune system will release several pro-inflammatory substances, such as histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins. All of these molecules will cause the typical symptoms of an allergic reaction, which include:
- Congested nose
- Skin rash
- Nausea and vomiting
- Swollen lips and tongue
At first, you might think that the best treatment option for allergies is to reduce the hyperactivity of the immune system. However, this treatment is left for extremely severe cases since it could be very damaging.
If you suppress your immune system, you will susceptible to developing many dangerous infections.
Therefore, the best treatment for allergies is to identify the substances that are causing these reactions.
Before the invention of allergy testing, this process was extremely expensive, long, and ineffective. Fortunately, you can accurately pinpoint the substance that’s causing your allergy from the comfort of your home, using home allergy testing.


Between the 700s and 1000s, pirates known as Vikings raided much of Europe. Some were linked to merchant communities trading in Central Asia, while others joined diaspora groups that settled the North Atlantic. They made their world through various means--texts, images, artifacts, and behaviors. In this course, students will accomplish parallel work, guided by the principle that making is best studied by doing. Students will learn how Viking-Age peoples made their world and consider how we recreate and represent that world today. This course includes travel to Denmark during spring recess.
Applications will be accepted until the course is closed; for full consideration, please submit by November 21, 2022.
Students from all concentration areas are encouraged to apply.


|Birth Day||July 2, 1932|
|Age||90 YEARS OLD|
Nuclear physicist who was a part of the physics staff at Los Alamos National Laboratory and worked on the use of the laser, electron, and ion beams to heat thermonuclear plasmas for alternative energy sources.
He was trained as a farmer at the Bureau of Indian Affairs but never graduated high school and later served in the US military in the Korean War.
He was featured in the NOVA documentary The Long Walk of Fred Young in 1979.
He came from a Navajo/Ute family in Towaoc, Colorado on the Ute Mountain Indian Reservation.
Like him, Ernest Moniz is a well known American nuclear physicist.


The sun emitted a powerful set of X-class flares this week, one of which could start hitting earth’s magnetosphere right about … now. The other could strike a few days later. The effects are notoriously hard to predict, but scientists now say it does not poses a serious threat to the surface:
MSNBC — Earlier forecasts had hinted that this weekend’s light shows could reach as far south as Alabama. But further number-crunching scaled back the estimates of the coming geomagnetic storm’s severity, Young said, suggesting a more limited auroral reach. “I am disappointed that I probably won’t see any in Maryland,” Young said.
Those in the northernmost regions of the US and throughout Canada and Siberia may notice heightened Auroras beginning as soon as early Saturday morning. There could be some issues with GPS and other satellite communications.
The fear is one day, one of these coronal mass ejections will smack right into us and cause something like the Carrington super storm of of 1859. If a solar storm of that magnitude hit the earth today, it could shut down the word wide web and lay waste to power and phone lines all over the planet. Damage could be in the trillions. It’s just a matter of time: analysis of nitrates in Greenland ice cores indicate such an event occurs once every 500 years, on average.


Click a term to initiate a search.
Experience the First World War through the eyes of three very different people who took part in it. Click on the character whose story you want to follow. Click 'For Schools' for educational material designed for use in Scottish schools.
General Douglas Haig (later Field Marshal Earl Haig) was British Commander in Chief for the greater part of the First World War. Follow his war through his diaries, letters, and photos by clicking on his photograph.
Nurse Mairi Chisholm knew more about the war and its horrors than most women. You can follow her wartime experiences by clicking on the photograph.
Lance Corporal George Ramage was an ordinary Scottish soldier or 'Jock' in the Gordon Highlanders. His perspective on the war was very different from General Haig's. Click on his photograph to read his diary and follow his experiences.


A moderately large, robust fish, most
Smallmouth Bass are 8-15 inches long.
The colouring is variable with size, condition
and habitat but usually Smallmouth Bass
range from brown to olive or green on
the back with golden flecks.
- Smallmouth Bass occur in eastern British
Columbia in lakes of the Columbia River
system and on Saltspring Island and southern
- The Smallmouth Bass spawns over a period
of 6-10 days in the late spring to early
summer. The male builds a nest and the
female lays approximately 7000 eggs per
pound of fish. The maximum age in Canada
is 15 years. Food includes insects, crayfish
TO MAN - The Smallmouth Bass' attraction
for anglers and its sporting qualities
are almost legendary. The flesh is white,
flaky and delicious.


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WWF: "Tigers May Disappear By 2022"
The World Wildlife Fund and other experts say that the world's 3,200 wild tigers could become extinct in 12 years if countries fail to protect their habitats and step up the fight against poaching. It is estimated that just a century ago there were as many as 100,000 tigers in the wild. Three of the nine tiger subspecies — the Bali, Javan, and Caspian — already have become extinct in the past 70 years.
At a "tiger summit" in St. Petersburg, global wildlife experts approved a wide-ranging program with the goal of doubling the world's wild tiger population by 2022 in the 13 countries that still have tiger populations: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam and Russia.
The program aims to protect tiger habitats; end poaching, smuggling and illegal trade of tigers; and to create incentives for local communities to engage them in helping protect the big cats.
"For most people tigers are one of the wonders of the world," said James Leape, director general of WWF. "In the end, the tigers are the inspiration and the flagship for much broader efforts to conserve forests and grasslands."
Read the complete story from ABC News.


Time and place: Every Thursday, every week women in Bangalore have stood against wars and conflicts and the wars (violence in its different forms) against women. http://www.womeninblack.in
about: Black is the colour that we wear, Black, the colour that speaks our resistance. Silence is the language that we speak, Silence, a language that voices our anguish. In March 1993, inspired by the worldwide Women in Black movement, Vimochana initiated the first Women in Black action in Bangalore, India. Women in the city stood in silence protesting the razing of the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya and the communal conflict that spread in India. Ayodhya that became a metaphor for the violent politics of Hindu Nationalism. Women stood protesting and remembering in silence the innocent victims, refusing to let the politics of hatred and intolerance destroy the humanity that binds and lives within all faiths. The Women in Black, India in a quiet, sustained way has sought to make public the many forms of ‘personal’ violence against women – wife battering, dowry deaths, female foeticide female circumcision, pornography, sexual assault, rape. Everywhere, women, are unmasking the many horrific faces of more public ‘legitimate’ violences – state repression, communalism, ethnic cleansing, nationalism, nuclearisation, wars ….. violence in the name of development, in the name of reproductive technologies, genetic engineering, and the feminisation of poverty. The issues have been many. The forms in which protests have been expressed have also been varied. Silence, posters, placards, pamphlets and some times lighting lamps, have been an expression of this collective rebellion and resistance. While the above mentioned issues are some of the vigils that the WIB India have focused on, we have also stood in solidarity for peoples living in war and conflict zones – with people of Afghanistan, Iraq, Palestine to mention a few.


Fresh off several conferences and meetings where discussions centered around smart grid, wind power, and other renewable energies, yesterdays tour of the Shanghai Municipal Waste Facility proved to be a very interesting site visit. Operational for 3 years now, this facility (one of two facilities in Shanghai) incinerates about 1500 tons of trash a day from 5 districts of Shanghai (Shanghai has a total of 19,000 tons of trash a day)
Built largely with foreign equipment, the facility has 3 boilers that provide the fuel to turn its 24MW turbines for a total of 1400000 kwH of energy, and the resulting fly ash is roughly around 20% by volume. Able to sell its energy to the grid for .5RMB/ kwh (a .09 RMB premium over coal) and able to generate a bit of a revenue from removing garbage out from the landfill, the facility is now turing a profit and on the way to paying back the original investment of .6 billion RMB.
While on the tour, it was clear to us that this facility was receiving special treatment, and that it was a case study that was being learned from. At one point, our host mentioned Shanghai’s goal of zero landfill waste by 2020, which means that more incinerators are going to be built.. although he only mentioned that Shanghai had only targeted 30% incineration.
Which leaves recycling, and biochemical solutions not currently in China.
One issue that I brought up was that if the incinerators were able to use the fly ash as part of their roadworks, then a real model for using waste streams would be built, and thus reducing the costs of several environmental issues that are faced by the waste and construction industry. The response I was given to the question was that in China this is not allowed, and that the European standards were not high enough… an area for improvement…
Featured Image Credit: The Hindu


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"Unusual Store Prices in Many Local Stores Tomorrow" article from the Greenfield Daily Recorder newspaper
(c) Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield MA. All rights reserved.
Contact us for information about using this image.
The economic crisis of the Great Depression caused many businesses to fail and in turn, massive unemployment. By 1933, two years after this article appeared in the Greenfield Daily Recorder, an estimated 25% of the national labor force would be unemployed. These conditions created a vicious cycle of problems. Increased unemployment led to a decline in consumption as unemployed workers had little or no money with which to purchase goods. A decline in consumers' purchasing of goods and services led to further business failure which led, in turn, to further unemployment. Greenfield, Massachusetts, a small industrial city in the north western part of the state, tried a novel tactic to increase retail sales for businesses struggling to unload inventory which remained unsold because of a decline in consumption. Seventy-five stores advertised merchandise for just a dollar in hopes of enticing now thrifty consumers to buy. If consumers purchased goods, it was hoped, this would initiate a virtuous circle of increased demand that could stimulate production and, hence, increase the need for workers.
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substances that stop the production or block the transmission of hormones in the body. Go to Top
substances that stop the production or block the transmission of hormones in the body and often interfere with development.
exogenous chemicals that interfere with hormone function. Three main forms of interference: Mimic (effects of natural hormone), Block (binding of hormone to receptor or synthesis), Interfere (with hormone transport or elimination). ( More? Endocrine Notes)
( AKA Environmental Hormones) -- Generally, synthesized chemical compounds that interfere with the chemical messaging system that directs the development of life. Dr. J.P. Myers, coauthor of Our Stolen Future: "What they do, what they have the potential of doing depending upon the nature of the chemical, its amount, and the timing of its delivery is that if they can have an impact on intelligence and behavior, on reproductive capacity and on the ability to resist disease. In shorthand, they can make you sick, sterile and stupid. "
Synthetic chemicals and natural plant compounds that may affect the endocrine system (the communication system of glands, hormones and cellular receptors that control the body's internal functions). Many of these substances have been associated with developmental, reproductive and other health problems in wildlife and laboratory animals. Some experts suggest these compounds may affect humans in similar ways.()


A group of late 16th century Chinese porcelains with datable English mounts
Author(s): Linda Pomper
Besides learning from sherds of Chinese porcelain that have turned up in terrestrial and underwater sites, we can learn from porcelain with datable mounts in European collections. Five pieces of blue and white Chinese porcelain from the late 16th century now in the collection of The Metropolitan Musuem of Art in New York, came originally from Burghley House, Stamford, Lincolnshire, and they may have come through trade between England and Turkey. The mounts are datable to 1575-1585, and the pieces compare closely to sherds found in Drakes Bay, Baja California and Panama Vieja. There were very few pieces of Chinese porcelain in England during that time, so that they provide important documentary evidence of trade between England and the Levant and they can also help with dating porcelain sherds found in other sites.
This Resource is Part of the Following Collections
Cite this Record
A group of late 16th century Chinese porcelains with datable English mounts. Linda Pomper. Presented at Society for Historical Archaeology, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. 2014 ( tDAR id: 436705)


Technological advances have created a new existence, providing an unforeseen level of interaction and transaction between parties that have never physically met. Preliminary thinking was that these advances would create a previously unimaginable level of privacy and anonymity. While a surface examination suggests an abundance of privacy in modern society, a more thorough examination reveals different results. Advances in technology and changes in public policy have produced a world in which a startling amount of information is available regarding a given individual. Rather than experiencing an increase in individual privacy, modern societies suffer from rapidly decreasing individual privacy.
Library of Congress Subject Headings
Electronic surveillance--Social aspects; Privacy, Right of--Effect of technological innovations on; Technological innovations--Government policy; Cyberspace--Social aspects; Data protection
Department, Program, or Center
Information Sciences and Technologies (GCCIS)
Sanders, Aaron D., "Public Policy and Technology: Advancing Civilization at the Expense of Individual Privacy" (2006). Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology. Accessed from
RIT – Main Campus


Do the internal energy of gas decrease when heated at constant volume?
1 Answer | Add Yours
Internal energy (E) is defined as the total energy stored in a system under a given set of conditions. The value of internal energy of a system depends upon such factors as i) the nature of the substance ii) pressure iii) temperature etc. Absolute value of internal energy is impossible to estimate, as the accurate values of different types of energies stored in a system is impossible to quantify precisely. The change in internal energy, ∆E, during a change involving a gaseous system, can be measured from the following relations, which follow from thermodynamic definition of the terms:
q = ∆E + P∆V (at constant pressure)
q = ∆E (at constant volume),
Where, q is the heat change associated with the process, P is the pressure and ∆V, the volume change during the process.
Here, a certain amount of gas is heated at constant volume. Some amount of heat is being put into the system, all of which must be involved in increasing the internal energy of the system. Therefore, the internal energy will increase if the gas is heated and decrease if some heat is extracted from the system, i.e. when the gas is actually cooled.
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Are Cardinal Climbers Poisonous?
A hummingbird magnet also known as cardinal vine, cardinal climber (Ipomoea x multifida) displays ferny foliage and bright red, tube-shaped flowers that bloom from summer until autumn. Cardinal climber grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 10. In spite of its beauty, cardinal climber seeds are highly toxic for humans and pets.
Ingestion of cardinal climber seeds include gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting, as well as muscle tightness and numbness of the arms and legs. Additionally, cardinal climber seeds contain lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), which may cause hallucinations, dilated pupils and drowsiness.
Curious cats and dogs who ingest cardinal climber seeds may experience diarrhea and other gastrointestinal upsets, as well as disorientation, agitation and tremors. Like humans, pets may also experience hallucinations.
- Fine Gardening: Ipomoea × Multifida (Cardinal Climber)
- Arlington Parks and Recreation Department: Vines
- American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals: Morning Glory
- Deerfield Veterinary Clinic: Plants Poisonous to Your Pets
- North Carolina State University Extension: Scientific Name, Ipomoea tricolor
M.H. Dyer began her writing career as a staff writer at a community newspaper and is now a full-time commercial writer. She writes about a variety of topics, with a focus on sustainable, pesticide- and herbicide-free gardening. She is an Oregon State University Master Gardener and Master Naturalist and holds a Master of Fine Arts in creative nonfiction writing.


@bul:The coverage of the subject is divided into four sections:
* The plant cell-describing both molecular components and function
* Primary metabolism-including the pathways of carbohydrate, lipid, nitrogen, nucleic acid and protein metabolism as well as gene regulation
* Special metabolism-chapters on phenolics, isoprenoids and secondary nitrogen compounds
* The plant and the environment-discussions of pathology, ecology and biotechnology at the molecular level
This book provides students and researchers in plant sciences with a concise general account of plant biochemistry. The edited format allows recognized experts in plant biochemistry to contribute chapters on their special topics. Up-to-date surveys are divided into four sections: the cell, primary metabolism, special metabolism, and the plant and the environment. There is a strong emphasis on plant metabolism as well as enzymological, methodological, molecular, biological, functional, and regulatory aspects of plant biochemistry. Illustrations of metabolic pathways are used extensively, and further reading lists are also included.


The 1,000 Books before Kindergarten program is a free program that helps you read 1,000 books with your child before he or she enters school. One of the best ways to encourage learning is to spend time sharing books every day. Reading together helps develop important pre-reading skills that provide a solid foundation, a key to school and learning success. Plus, sharing stories together is fun! It is easy to participate!
Take every chance you have to read with your children, tell and talk about stories, say nursery rhymes, sing songs, and attend library programs. By reading just three stories a day you and your child will have read over 1,000 books in one year. You will also have shared many special moments along the way.
Delafield Public Library is a fun place featuring books to check out, free programs and great suggestions for what to read. Stop in often and talk to our friendly staff – we are here to help.
Please stop by the library to get your packet or give us a call if you have any questions.


NATURE CONNECTIONS: Life of the Forest Floor
During a woodland stroll, we seldom stop to study the world beneath our feet. Come discover this specialized habitat of the forest floor with the whole family through activities and crafts. Nature Connections are free and are designed for Nature Enthusiasts of all ages!
This Nature Connections will feature a talk from Baltimore Green Space, a demonstration of a Berlese Funnel, and a variety of life typically found on the forest floor; including toad and salamander species, mosses, insects, and mushrooms.
1:15/ Katie Lautar with Baltimore Green Space: What we know about the Forest Floor in Bmore
Baltimore Green Space will present what they are learning about forest floors in Baltimore through their work with forest stewards, field researchers, and scientists in more than 22 forests. This research examines at soil organic matter, bulk density, as well as natives and invasive plant coverage, and discusses the management of these habitats.
Nature Connections are free and made possible by our amazing volunteers and sponsors. If you would like to volunteer in a Nature Connections please contact Renee Bieretz at firstname.lastname@example.org.
The Natural History Society of Maryland is a volunteer-led non-profit organization. Please consider donating or becoming a member of the Natural History Society of Maryland and visit www.marylandnature.org for more information.
Thank you for your support!


Somehow, we find our way in the world — but how we do it has remained a mystery. Nearly a decade ago, researchers discovered that rodents rely on navigational neurons called grid cells. As the animal moves, different subpopulations of these cells become active depending on distance and direction, creating an internal map of its trajectory.
In 2013, neuroscientists finally found similar cells in humans.
Drexel University’s Joshua Jacobs and colleagues studied patients who were awaiting surgery for epilepsy. Each had dozens of electrodes implanted in the brain, to record the electrical activity of seizures.
While the patient navigated through a virtual environment on a computer, the team tracked more than 800 neurons, finding two clusters that acted like rodent grid cells. This neural machinery may be involved in learning and memory, Jacobs says: “Understanding this network could help us understand, and maybe even prevent, spatial disorientation due to aging and dementia.”
[This article originally appeared in print as "Found: The Brain's Own GPS."]


Question: On what two days does federal law require American flags to be flown at half staff? Answer: Memorial Day (last Monday in May) and May 15, National Peace Officers Memorial Day.
This tribute to American law enforcement officers is part of the historic crime bill that President Bill Clinton signed into law in 1994. At the request of the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, Public Law 103-322 designates Peace Officers Memorial Day as one of only two days each year during which government agencies, businesses and residents are to fly their U.S. flags at half-staff.
"We honor our law enforcement officers every day of the year, but on Peace Officers Memorial Day, we show our support by lowering our flags to half-staff,” said Craig W. Floyd, Memorial Fund Chief Executive Officer. “Our officers deserve the respect of the communities and country they keep safe. And we will do our part by lowering the flags at the Memorial, where the names of more than 21,000 fallen officers are engraved."
In 1962, President Kennedy proclaimed May 15 as National Peace Officers Memorial Day and the calendar week in which May 15 falls, as National Police Week. Established by a joint resolution of Congress in 1962, National Police Week pays special recognition to those law enforcement officers who have lost their lives in the line of duty for the safety and protection of others.
As part of National Police Week, the names of 129 law enforcement officers killed in 2017, as well as 231 officers who died in prior years, will be formally dedicated on the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in Washington, DC, on May 13, during the 30th Annual Candlelight Vigil.


Fully updated, but maintaining its rigorous approach, the thirteenth edition of Economics guides students through the core principles of micro and macroeconomics, building firm foundations of understanding.
Clear explanations ensure that students master each key concept before practical illustrations show how these ideas are applied in reality.
Each topic is made easy to grasp through the use of plain and accessible language, without unnecessary over-simplifying.
Varied learning features support and stretch students, allowing them to monitor their progress and test themselves with a range of question styles.
Written to engage students with real world issues and current questions in economics, this book provides up-to-date coverage of the financial crisis and its many subsequent implications, which are vital to understanding the current economic climate.
Case studies allow students to understand how economics works in practice, and to think critically for themselves.
Economics challenges students to achieve their full potential as they engage with its in-depth analysis and applied material.
It leaves students confident and competent, with a thorough knowledge of economics . The Online Resource Centre accompanying the book includes: For students: - Self-test questions - Additional chapters - Web links - Flashcard glossary - Authors' blog For lecturers: - PowerPoint slides - Test bank - Figures from the text
- Format: Paperback
- Pages: 752 pages
- Publisher: Oxford University Press
- Publication Date: 26/03/2015
- Category: Economics
- ISBN: 9780199676835


Today, early care and education consists of separate programs and services with different funding streams, eligibility requirements, and quality standards. Families bear much of the burden of paying for these services, and many families that qualify for subsidized programs don’t receive assistance because of inadequate funding. Even families with moderate incomes often can’t afford high-quality services.
More resources for early care and education would not only reach more families but could also improve the quality of programs. Increased funding, if managed through an integrated framework, could better support the workforce, apply more consistent standards, and boost accountability.


Diabetes is a serious health problem is South Africa.
There are millions of people living with diabetes who are not even aware that they have the disease. At Peermed, your health is our concern – with a simple test we can establish whether you are one of those AND we can help you manage the disease and ensure that you live a healthy, productive life.
We provide testing for diabetes and complete follow-up treatment and support.
DIABETES – WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
If you have some of these symptoms, read this information sheet carefully. This will give you the simple facts about diabetes AND how you can manage it.
If you suspect that you, or any one of your loved ones, may have diabetes, come into Peermed. We will give you a test straight away and will also provide all the support and follow-up treatment you may require.
What is diabetes?
Are there different types of diabetes?
Type 1 normally occurs in childhood and is an auto-immune condition.
Type 2 is much more common and is generally associated with poor lifestyle choices.
What causes type 2 diabetes?
- Increasing age
- Poor diet
- Lack of exercise
- A family history of diabetes
What is the treatment for diabetes?
Is diabetes curable?
If you do not get treatment for diabetes what can happen to you?
High sugar levels can cause long term damage to organs including the heart and kidneys. It can also lead to damage to nerves which can result in limb amputation and blindness.
Pregnancy and Diabetes
There is a type of diabetes known as gestational diabetes which some women develop; it generally disappears completely once the baby is born.
MYTHS ABOUT DIABETES
Some people believe that diabetics can use brown sugar and that white sugar is bad for you. Brown sugar is STILL sugar – just a different colour.
Diabetes in NOT caused by a parasite.
Eating sugar does not cause diabetes. Eating lots of sugar can make you overweight which can increase your chances of developing diabetes.
Did you know?
Ask Us A Question


Ozone holes has tightened without the help of people. The main thing is not to interfere with this process.
Recently, the Earth"s atmosphere becomes an important issue. Its thinning leads to ultraviolet radiation increase on the surface of the planet and intensification of its impact. The growth of the annual percentage of cancer cases proves it. In particular, the ozone layer is adversely affected. The researchers have previously made maps of the largest holes location.
Now the scientists decided to explore the gaps in ozone layer in the area of Australia and Oceania. As a result, they have discovered the unique fact: the Earth can "heal" itself. The holes were gradually tightened without any help. The researchers say if people do not interfere with the intensified processes aimed at restoring the protective atmospheric layer, in 50 years over the territory of Australia and Oceania, there will be an integral ozone layer.
Human activity slows down the process when it comes to plants, equipment exhaust and things like that.


Understanding HIV: How cell-to-cell virus transmission occurs in lymphoid tissues
During cell-to-cell transmission, HIV-1-infected T cells form stable contacts with uninfected T cells and massively transfer newly formed virus particles via these contacts. Cell-to-cell virus transmission is much more efficient than infection by cell-free viruses. It also allows HIV-1 to evade antiviral drugs, potentially contributing to maintenance of virus reservoirs during antiviral therapy.
In lymphoid organs where cell-to-cell transmission likely occurs frequently, stroma cells and extracellular matrices (ECMs) regulate T cell behaviors physically and chemically in the 3-dimensional space. However, mechanistic studies of cell-to-cell transmission have relied on simple cocultures of infected and uninfected T cells, and therefore effects of lymphoid organ components and architectures have not been addressed. Here we will reconstitute the lymphoid-organ-like environment using 3-dimensional scaffolds and examine the effects of stroma cells, ECMs, and the 3-dimensionality on cell-to-cell HIV transmission. We will also corroborate these studies with analyses of virus spread in lymphoid tissues ex vivo.
Secondary lymphoid organ fibroblastic reticular cells mediate trans-infection of HIV-1 via CD44-hyaluronan interactions
Article published in Nature Communications journal.
$410,895 grant from the National Institutes of Health
Characterizing natural hydrogel for reconstruction of three-dimensional lymphoid stromal network to model T-cell interactions
Published in Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A


Learn how to have a basic conversation in Norwegian
For anyone moving to Norway to live or work, learning the Norwegian language is key to integrating into Norwegian life.
On this course, you’ll learn the basics of Norwegian. You’ll start by finding out how to introduce yourself and others. You’ll learn how to say where you live and describe where you are from.
Next, you’ll understand how to talk about your daily routine, enquire about the time and ask for directions. You’ll also explore Norwegian customs and what life is like in Norway.
By the end of this course, you’ll be able to have a basic conversation in Norwegian.
What topics will you cover?
Week 1: Introducing yourself, simple statements
Week 2: Simple statements and questions, simple negative statements, basic travel vocabulary and numbers
Week 3: Asking for information, furniture, days of the week, time expressions
Week 4: Asking for directions, further time expressions
When would you like to start?
Most FutureLearn courses run multiple times. Every run of a course has a set start date but you can join it and work through it after it starts. Find out more
What will you achieve?
By the end of the course, you‘ll be able to...
- Apply very basic knowledge about grammatical rules of inflection and word order in Norwegian
- Develop very basic communication skills in Norwegian
- Improve and learn basic vocabulary of Norwegian everyday language
Who is the course for?
The course is aimed at English speakers who want to learn Norwegian.
Join this course
Join free and you will get:
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for one year
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You can use the hashtag #FLnorwegianforbeginners to talk about this course on social media.


Numerical simulation is performed on the flow behaviors of a largescale submerged air bubble uprising in the water column until its burst. The submerged air bubble starts rising from where the static water pressure is 2kpa beyond the atmosphere pressure and goes up to the static free surface. In the numerical scheme, the RANS equations for the incompressible fluid are used to account for the flow characteristics of the continuous liquid phase. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) method is used for the gas-liquid interface (GLI) tracking. Air compression effect of the submerged air bubble to the ambient water flow is taken into account by using the gas status condition. The compressed air pressure inside a bubble (APB) is imposed as a known value on the cells around GLI when solving the Poisson pressure equation. The modeled results show that (1) volume expansion of the bubble lasts throughout the rising process, with its volume increased to about 6.3 times of its origin before its burst; (2) as a consequence of the volume expansion, APB decreases straightly to the atmosphere pressure until burst; (3) the pieces of the water body of the burst bubble falls on the static free surface and reduce to regeneration of new small bubbles; (4) modeled results indicate that the present numerical model is capable of reasonably simulating the process of deformation, rising, and bursting of a large scale bubble, and even regeneration of new small bubbles.
Phenomena of bubble movement are often encountered in many branches of engineering and technology. For instance, the breaking waves can produce large amount of air bubbles in the upper layer of the flow. This air cushion will greatly affect the magnitude of the wave load.


When kids start 3rd grade, the focus of their education shifts.
This is when you might start to notice a child struggle if they have learning or developmental issues. Up until now, they have been learning to read, and at this point they start reading to learn. This added pressure can make their challenges more obvious.
Here's what you can do:
Look carefully at your child’s progress in school. Talk to their teacher about your concerns. Ask about these things:
Academic Work —Are their reading, writing, and math skills way behind?
Concentration and Focus —Do they have an unusually hard time focusing on their work?
Social Skills —Do they avoid interactions with others, show overly aggressive behavior, or seem painfully anxious around people?
Physical Skills —Compared to their peers, do they have trouble doing things like holding a crayon, picking up small objects, or running around the playground?
Make sure to talk to their teacher about any concerns you have.


During the darkest days of Jim Crow segregation, black Americans continued to press for full citizenship. Each Emancipation Day, African Americans organized parades reminding the black community and the entire nation of a commitment that remained unfulfilled. These local celebrations set the stage for the national push for freedom in the 20th century. Modern civil rights activists built upon the legacy of their forebears when they gathered on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. They asked the nation to realize the promises set in motion by the Emancipation Proclamation.


Source: (2003) Relational Justice Bulletin. 18:6-8. Relationships Foundation. Downloaded 30 March 2004.David Faulkner here explores the ideas of citizenship, social capital and community, and personal and social responsibility. These ideas have become prominent in political debate in Great Britain in the last several years. Acknowledging other possible meanings, Faulkner uses the terms âcitizenâ? and âcommunityâ? to indicate a way of talking about people as human beings, of their rights and legitimate expectations, and of their duties and responsibilities to each other and to the state. These perspectives on citizenship and community are closely related to the ideas of civil society and social capital. On these bases, Faulkner explores the importance of social capital to criminal justice.


BioNetDB models biology data as a network of nodes and relations.Biology data comes from different formats and sources it comprises system biology data from Reactome, annotation data from CellBase and human genetic variations from healthcare centers' clinical data. BioNetDB relies on Neo4j graph database that allows users to access biological data using the Cypher query language (similar to SQL in relational databases).
The figure below shows BioNetDB nodes with their labels. for clarity, some labels have been shortened:
Shortened labes in the previous figure:
|Shortened label||Node label|
1 POPUL. FREQUEN
|2 FUNCT. SCORE||FUNCTIONAL_SCORE|
3 TRAIT ASSOCIA.
4 CONSEQ. TYPE
|5 PROTEIN VAR. ANNOT.||PROTEIN_VARIANT_ANNOTATION|
|6 SUBST. SCORE||SUBSTITUTION_SCORE|
This section lists the main nodes of the BioNetDB network data model and for each of them, its properties and relationships are shown.
Gene node properties:
Transcript node properties:
Transcript relationships (transcript node in pink):
Protein node properties:
Variant node properties:
Regulation node properties:
Pathway node properties:
Pathway relationships (pathway nodes in yellow):


4 pages. Kindergarten 1st-Grade Math Money Addition. Money Coins include the Penny, Nickel, Dime, and Quarter. Geometric Shapes included are the Circle, Square, and Triangle. Math Money Addition Printable Worksheets. Great for Math Centers or Math Addition Money Worksheet Handouts. Math addition questions “How Many”. Great for Emergent-Readers. 16 Emergent Reader Math Money Questions. 4 pages.
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Fertilizer consumption measures the quantity of plant nutrients used per unit of arable land. Fertilizer products cover nitrogenous, potash, and phosphate fertilizers (including ground rock phosphate). Traditional nutrients--animal and plant manures--are not included. For the purpose of data dissemination, FAO has adopted the concept of a calendar year (January to December). Some countries compile fertilizer data on a calendar year basis, while others are on a split-year basis. Arable land includes land defined by the FAO as land under temporary crops (double-cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded.
It's a one pager PDF full of live links to agriculture-related data, statistics, and dashboards from leading industry sources. It will be a useful resource for any analyst, business executive, or researcher with an interest in the food security and prices, agricultural production and supply and much more.


Feasibility Study Revision and Update
In December 2006, Congress authorized a revision and update of the 1986 Trail of Tears National Trail Study - a feasibility study that led to designation of the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail in 1987.
The feasibility study applied criteria for the Bell and Benge routes, the land components of the water route, round-up forts and camps, routes from the forts and camps to the main emigration depots in Tennessee and Alabama, and additional water route segments.
The study found that all these components, as well as the Cherokee detachments' disbandment routes at the end of the trail, to be nationally significant and to meet all the criteria for National Historic Trail eligibility.
The feasibility study revision was completed in 2007. All the additional routes were determined to meet the criteria for addition to the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail.
The National Park Service Intermountain Regional Director approved a Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) in November 2007. The study was transmitted to Congress, and legislation was introduced on February 8, 2008.
This legislation was subsequently included in the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 (HR 146), which President Obama signed into law on March 30, 2009.
A news release (dated April 8, 2009) announcing the expansion of the Trail of Tears National Historic Trail as a result of this legislation is available.
The final Feasibility Study/Environmental Assessment with maps, and the FONSI, are available at:
Did You Know?
President Andrew Jackson began to aggressively implement a broad policy of Indian removal in the 1830s. This policy, combined with the discovery of gold on Cherokee land in northern Georgia in 1828, led to their removal to Indian Territory (Oklahoma) on the Trail of Tears.


Modeling Vorticity Generated by Short Crested Breaking Waves
David Clark, Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering
2014 COI Funded Project
AbstractBeaches and the adjacent surfzone (the region of breaking waves near the shoreline) are used for recreational and commercial activities, and provide habitat to a variety of fish and benthic species. These environmental and economic resources are threatened by polluted terrestrial runoff that frequently drains onto the shoreline where it is mixed and dispersed in the surfzone. A model predicting the transport and dilution of surfzone pollutants would improve beach management, but the processes that disperse pollution within and across the surfzone are understood poorly.
Strong horizontal eddies drive rapid surfzone mixing, but the factors controlling surfzone eddy energy are not known. Short-crested breaking waves are a source of vorticity about a vertical axis (i.e., horizontal eddies), and may be a primary forcing mechanism for nearshore eddies and pollution dispersal. The structure and magnitude of vorticity generated by short crested breaking waves will be examined with a numerical surfzone model that resolves individual waves as they cross the surfzone and break. Realistic simulations will be performed using observed bathymetry and wave conditions, and comparisons with field data will be performed. The model will be used to examine how vorticity generation varies between the shoreline and seaward edge of the surfzone, and to develop a budget for vorticity within the surfzone and nearshore regions. These investigations will support future work connecting short-crested breaking waves with predictions of pollution dispersal.


Most kids know that man should not live on lollypops alone. They know that cauliflower is healthier than ice cream and salads are smarter than French fries. But do they know the super foods? According to Nutrition Action Healthletter, not all foods are created equal. Here are eight that parents should urge their kids to try:
- Sweet potatoes: A nutritional All-Star – one of the best vegetables you can eat. They're loaded with carotenoids, vitamin C, potassium, and fiber. Mix in unsweetened applesauce of crushed pineapple for extra moisture and sweetness.
- Grape tomatoes: They may be small, but they pack a wallop. And their bite-sized shape makes them perfect for snacking, dipping, or salads. They're also packed with vitamins C and A and a little bit of photochemical.
- Fat Free or 1% Milk: Forego the 2% please. These guys are an excellent source of calcium, vitamins, and protein, with little or no artery clogging fat and cholesterol.
- Blueberries: Fresh or frozen, they're rich in fiber, vitamin C, and antioxidants. Toss them in cereal, stir them into yogurt, or sprinkle them onto low-fat ice cream.
- Wild Salmon: The omega-3 fats can help reduce the risk of heart attacks. And salmon that is caught wild has less dioxin contaminant than farmed salmon.
- Crispbreads: Whole-grain rye crackers, like Wasa, Ry Krisp, and Ryvita, usually called crispbreads – are loaded with fiber and often fat free.
- Citrus fruits: Delicious and rich in vitamin C, folic acid, and fiber. Try clementines for the lunchbox – a tiny treat.
- Butternut squash: These days, it's easier than ever to eat these golden beauties – many stores sell them already peeled, seeded, and cut. Just throw them onto a cookie sheet or into a stir-fry. Or try them in risotto. Every one-half cup has 5 grams of fiber and payloads of vitamins A and C.
Portions of this article were reprinted with permission from the Nutrition Action Healthletter, Copyright 2006, by Center for Science in the Public Interest. www.cspinet.org


Figure. Evolutionary trees based on major surface protein 4 (A) and heat shock protein 60 (B) genes sequences of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, A. marginale, and A. ovis. Evolutionary history was inferred by using the neighbor-joining method. H. sulcata; Haemaphysalis sulcata. A) Optimal tree (branch length = 0.87919908) is shown. Percentages of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (500 replicates) are shown. B) Optimal tree (branch length = 0.34047351) is shown. Percentages of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1,000 replicates) are shown. Trees are drawn to scale, with branch lengths in the same units as those of the evolutionary distances used to infer the phylogenetic tree. Evolutionary distances were computed by using the Kimura 2-parameter method. Strains detected in Cyprus are indicated in boldface. Scale bars indicate number of base substitutions per site.


Karen Ordahl Kupperman replies: The Lumbee Indians, though little known, are the largest tribe east of the Mississippi River. They first appeared in the written record in the early eighteenth century, and there are many theories about their origins. The idea that they are partially descended from the Roanoke colonists was first proposed in print by a local historian named Hamilton McMillan in 1888; it quickly became a popular theory. Historians, who have traditionally acknowledged only the written record, are increasingly coming to respect the oral tradition, which McMillan claimed supported his theory. The problem in this case centers on the gap of over one hundred and fifty years between the abandonment of Roanoke and the emergence of the Lumbee tribe. Those interested in all the theories should look at Karen I. Blu’s The Lumbee Problem: The Making of an American Indian People , Cambridge University Press, 1980.


This Search and Seizure: What Does It Mean? lesson plan also includes:
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Students, in a juvenile correctional facility, study the meaning of the Fourth Constitutional Amendment. They study definitions and complete worksheets to investigate the implications of the amendment.
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Shuttle Radar Topography Mission collected data over most of the land surfaces that lay between
60 degrees north latitude and 54 degrees south latitude. That's about 80%
of all the land on the Earth.
||Targetted land was 80% of Earth landmass (119.56 M km2, 46.16 M mi2)
99.968% targetted land mapped at least once (119.51 M km2, 46.14 M mi2)
94.59% targetted land mapped at least twice (113.10 M km2, 43.66 M mi2)
49.25% targetted land mapped at least 3 times (58.59 M km2, 22.73 M mi2)
24.10% targetted land mapped at least 4 times (28.81 M km2, 11.12 M mi2)
|Land area missed:
||50,000 km2 (all in US)
In the maps below, the colors of the swaths indicate the number of times the area was imaged by SRTM. For land, one-time coverage is green, twice is yellow-green and so on, as shown in the key at lower left. Over water, the color code is in shades of blue as shown in the key at lower right. Areas in red could not be mapped. SRTM is a topography mission, so data were mostly acquired over land. Small amounts of data were collected over the water for calibration purposes.
FINAL COVERAGE MAP: FLAT MAP
View a 200k version of the coverage map.
FINAL COVERAGE MAP: GLOBAL VIEW
View a 128k version of
View a 882k version of the globes.


1 Answer | Add Yours
There are different methods of chromatography that is being used in the laboratories and they give different results based on the need of the research or experiment. Generally chromatography is collectively defined as set of experimental methods of separating the components in a mixture. The mixture is further dissolved in a fluid which contains the mobile phase which eventually carries through the system of stationary phase.
All of the chromatographic methods known are reliable based on the results you are intended to know. However, the most budget-friendly method is the paper and/or thin layer chromatography. This method uses a planar surface where the sample is placed as a dot or line. After drying, it will be placed in the developing chamber with the solvent in it.
Compared with the other types, these methods don't use machines or equipment for analysis such as HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography) or GC (gas chromatography) which is a lot expensive. Other methods also have expensive columns such as the ion-exchange and size exclusion chromatography.
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“Stubble,” or hair growth on the face, is due to several factors: the number of hair follicles on the face and neck (usually genetically determined) and the presence of the androgenic hormones testosterone and DHEAS. These androgenic hormones usually begin to rise in early to mid puberty and continue to rise throughout puberty.
The age at which boys go through puberty varies widely – some boys start as young as 9 and others as late as 14. The first sign of of male puberty is enlargement of the testicles, which is where the testosterone is made. Even if you are progressing through puberty normally, you may not develop much hair growth on your face if your family pattern is not to have much facial hair.
If you have any questions about how your puberty is progressing, please see your local health care provider who can do an examination and further evaluation as needed.


What are our Program Goals at Little People’s Preschool Daycare Center?
- To foster the social, emotional, physical, cognitive and language development of the children in our care.
- To build a lasting relationship between the children, parents and teachers at our centers.
- To build teamwork, cooperation and friendship within the classroom.
- To build confidence and independence in children through self-help skills and problem-solving abilities
- To create an environment in which children feel safe and secure.
Our curriculum focuses on the domains of learning:
- Social Emotional Development
- Language Development
- Cognitive Development
- Physical Development
- Life Skills
We encourage learning and growth in these areas by offering developmentally appropriate learning experiences. Children use a variety of materials including blocks, dramatic play props, paint, puzzles and manipulative, books and large motor equipment. These experiences are also fostered by planned activities such as story times, science experiments, music, games, art, writing and Second language development, (ASL and Spanish).
Please visit these links for more information about the programs we offer:


Five raccoons trapped at Patuxent Research Refuge, Laurel, Maryland, were found to have trypanosomes in the blood which were morphologically indistinguishable from Trypanosoma cruzi on stained smears. The organism grew well in culture. It developed and reproduced in Triatoma protracta, T. infestans, T. phyllosoma, and Rhodnius prolixus. Experimental infections were produced in raccoons, opossums, mice, rats, and monkeys by inoculation of blood, culture, and triatome forms. Typical leishmaniform bodies were found in tissue sections of cardiac muscle fibers from naturally and experimentally infected animals. Cross agglutinations carried out with Iiving cultural forms and rabbit antisera demonstrated a close antigenic relationship between the raccoon trypanosome and T. cruzi (Brazil strain). On the basis of (1) morphology, (2) presence of leishmaniform tissue stages, (3) development in triatomes, (4) infectivity to a variety of mammals, (5) culture characteristics, and (6) cross reactions in serological tests, this parasite is considered conspecific with Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas, 1909), the causative agent of American human trypanosomiasis.
Additional Publication Details
The isolation and identification of Trypanosoma cruzi from raccoons in Maryland


With 315 people dead, the Democratic Republic of Congo is currently experiencing the worst measles outbreak since the disease ravaged the country in 2010 and 2011, Reuters reported Wednesday. Roughly 20,000 people are infected with measles in the latest epidemic in the southeastern province of Katanga, according to a draft report made by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
To combat this outbreak with vaccines, the U.N. said it would need $2.4 million. The disease is highly contagious, with initial symptoms of high fever, diarrhea, dehydration and pneumonia, according to the WHO. Casualties and infections from the disease have escalated since the beginning of the year. From January through July, 267 deaths from measles were reported in the Katanga province, amid 16,500 reported cases, Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) said last week.
MSF began treating those infected in Katanga in March, but because the cases could be underreported, this latest epidemic may have infected more people than currently known. The Katanga region is prone to measles outbreaks. In the epidemic that began in 2010 -- but peaked in 2011 -- measles caused 77,241 cases in the Katanga province and 1,085 deaths, according to the U.S. National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health. About 30,000 cases were also reported from 2006 to 2007, according to the National Institutes of Health.
— Expressivus (@expressivus) August 12, 2015
Access to much of the province is difficult. The roads in the region are often in poor condition, with some areas not accessible by car, according to MSF.
Though safe and cheap vaccines are available, measles is still one of the leading causes of death in small children, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). For developing countries, vaccines are only about $1 each, Reuters reported.


Can you imagine how difficult it would be to be unable to communicate your needs and wishes through words? In this video, you will see some of the common characteristics of children with autism and some educational responses that help meet the child with autism’s needs. Later, while reading Chapter 5 of Educating Exceptional Children, you will see further descriptions of these. While watching the video, think about the supports provided to Tyler and other students with autism, but also think about how students like Tyler may feel about not being able to communicate with words.
1. If you had to struggle to communicate your basic needs, how do you think it would affect your behavior?
2. What are some of the supports that have been put into place for Tyler’s success in kindergarten? List at least 3 different supports and how effective you think they are for Tyler’s success.
3. Now consider the biblical approach to special education to inform your thoughts on this topic. Consider a passage of Scripture to support the fruits of the spirit that would guide your actions as Tyler’s teacher.


1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Symphonia
SYMPHONIA (Gr. συμφωνία) , a much discussed word, applied at different times (1) to the bagpipe, (2) to the drum, (3) to the hurdy-gurdy, and finally (4) to a kind of clavichord. The sixth of the musical instruments enumerated in Dan. iii. s, 10, 15, erroneously translated “dulcimer,” in all probability refers to the bagpipe (q.v.). Symphonia, signifying drum, occurs in the writings of Isidor of Seville. “Tympanum est pellis vel corium ligno ex una parte extentum. Est enim pars media symphoniae in similitudinem cribri. Tympanum autem dictum quod medium est. Unde, et margaritum medium tympanum dicitur, et ipsum ut symphonia ad virgulam percutitur.” The reference comparing the tympanum (kettledrum) to half a pearl is borrowed from Pliny (Nat. hist. IX. 35, 23). Symphonia or Chifonie was applied during the 13th and 14th centuries, in the Latin countries more especially, to the hurdy-gurdy. Symphonia is applied by Praetorius to an instrument which he classed with the clavichord, spinet, regals and virginal, but without giving any clue to its distinctive characteristics. (K. S.)
- See “Syntagm. mus.” pt. ii., De organographia, pp. 72, 73, 178 (Wolfenbüttel, 1618).


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Use as applications to tough concepts to relate to real life-- radical equations.
There are two parts to this activity. The first explores the concept of hydroplaning and how it happens. The second involves tsunamis and what happens when they exist. Set kids loose in learning teams, or use as an individual extension.


Entry from US English dictionary
Definition of tammar wallaby in English:
A small grayish-brown wallaby found in southwestern Australia.
- Macropus eugenii, family Macropodidae
- The tammar wallaby is the Australian marsupial model for genetic mapping studies.
- Extensive mapping of the Y chromosome in the tammar wallaby had shown that the origin of the Y predated the divergence of marsupials from eutherian mammals.
- For instance, spotted skunks, Spilogale putorius, stamp their front feet when approached by an unfamiliar person or animal, and white-tailed deer and tammar wallabies stamp their feet when encountering a predator.
Mid 19th century: from Gaurna (an Aboriginal language) tamma.
What do you find interesting about this word or phrase?
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The Morton Arboretum has developed free loan resources for teachers to check out and implement in their classroom instruction. Each bin contains materials, tools and lessons to bring the new NGSS standards alive in your classroom. Bins are organized by grade-level and are aligned with our current field trip offerings. Check out a bin, before or after your trip to extend your student’s learning. These bins are available on a loaning basis and can be borrowed for up to 2 weeks at a time.
REGISTER NOW to reserve 1 of our 8 bin types. Limitations apply.
View details on the attached flyer: Teacher Check Out Bins Flyer.pdf
Illinois Department of Natural Resources
The Morton Arboretum is a check-out site for the Illinois Department of Natural Resources Biodiversity CDs and trunks on many topics such as "Illinois Invasive Species," "Illinois Wild Mammals," "Illinois Trees" and "Illinois Prairies.” You can register by clicking the "REGISTER NOW" link below. Please contact Megan Kuhl-Horbin, Coordinator of School Programs, at 630-725-2118 for questions relating to the IDNR trunks.
REGISTER NOW to reserve one of the IDNR Resource Trunks
- View the Illinois DNR CD-ROM’s available and lending locations by visiting the Illinois DNR website
- View details of resources available, IDNR Lending Trunks.pdf
Sterling Morton Library
The Sterling Morton Library has many resources available to teachers. With floor-to-ceiling windows and curved, cherry-wood bookcases, it holds 28,000 nature-related books and journals.
Visit the Sterling Morton Library in person or browse through the library's collection using SWAN. LEARN MORE
Don't see what you need? Contact our Education Department at 630-725-2118.


Published June 3, 2013
Reference - 72 Pages
ISBN 9781859465172 - CAT# Y155603
For Instructors Request Inspection Copy
This book celebrates the work of India's greatest architect, Charles Correa. Born in 1930, Correa is an Indian and international architect who, in a lifetime of achievement, has created work which is consistently beautiful, human and enduring. He played a defining role in the architecture of post-Independence India and has designed some of the most outstanding cultural and civic monuments, science institutes, schools, housing developments and new cities, based on a profound understanding of his country,s history, needs and aspirations.
Correa's work has provided inspiration for future generations of architects at a time of vertiginous population and economic growth in the region. For this, he has received many awards including Britain's highest architectural accolade, the Royal Gold Medal in 1984.
Rooted in India but educated as an architect in the United States and steeped in the modernist teachings of Le Corbusier, Correa has concentrated on the living patterns in communities where he worked, achieving remarkable results with simple but effective means. Tradition and modernity are not opposites for him. Always contemporary, he has subtly layered the history of the land and of ideas in his designs. His sources range from the railway models of his childhood to conceptions of the Cosmos and to street-hawkers' use of the Mumbai pavements. Throughout his career, he has demonstrated a remarkably consistent approach, guided by a respect for the given conditions, a desire to effect change without forced interference, and a passion to combine fitness for purpose with beauty and spirituality.
1 Introduction 2 The Ritualistic Pathway 3 The Empty Centre 4 Models of the Cosmos 5 Architecture as Metaphor 6 Form Follow Climate 7 Affordable Housing – Space as a Resource 8 The City as Synergy 9 Great City …… Terrible Place 10 An Urban Manifesto


The Kerala government decided constructing the Ambalur-Keecheri dam in Ernakulam district would remedy the decline in paddy production. Instead, the dam has accelerated damage to the crop.
The dam was intended to prevent inflow of saline water from Vembanad lake, which was supposedly lowering crop yields. But agricultural experts now say that as the soil in the Ambalur-Keecheri region is extremely acidic, allowing Vembanad's saline water into the fields during dry periods can neutralise the acidity.
K M George of the rice research station in Vytilla, points out, "In this area, the return in rice farming is never more than 50-75 per cent of the investment. The yield is so poor, labourers refuse to harvest the crop." And Gopalan, who farms and fishes in the area, laments, "If the dam is not opened, we may starve to death."
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When Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes applied himself to a difficult case, he famously utilized his powers of deduction. Holmes assembled and examined the facts before him and employed a ...View Article
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Relationships are important for good emotional health. Numerous studies have shown that people who have close friends and intimate relationships are healthier, happier, and live longer. In fact, the simple act of petting a dog, holding a child, or seeing someone you love causes a decrease in stress hormones in the blood, decreases blood pressure, and calms the mind. So, if you want to be healthy, stay connected to others.
As the author Dr. Tedd Koren says "Emotional health is also dependent on being connected - to yourself and others. The more connected you are to yourself the more you can connect with others and the more fulfilling your connections (relationships). The more relationships in your life the more happiness, joy, hope, optimism and vitality you will have; the healthier and longer you will live and the quicker you will recover from physical and emotional traumas and illness."


DNA replication occurs within the nucleus of a cell. During the cell cycle S phase, any time that a cell needs to divide, DNA replication occurs. Prior to cell division, the DNA replication process ensures the copying of chromosomes.
Helicases and SSB proteins partially unwind the double helix strand. The two strands of DNA unzip in anti-parallel directions and DNA polymerase goes to where synthesis starts. The primase, which is the leading strand, lays down an RNA primer that works to build a second strand with the help of polymerase III. This second strand is built in the same direction the double helix opens. Okazki fragments result when RNA primers fill in the remaining gaps, and DNA nucleotides take the place of the DNA polymerase that RNA primer strips away. One long continuous strand results when the sealing of the fragments occurs due to DNA ligase, a type of enzyme.
Certain cells are constantly dividing and undergoing DNA replication such as the ones in the bone marrow, the hair and the fingernails. Other cells go through several division cycles and then just stop such as the specialized cells in the muscle, heart and brain. Still other cells cease dividing completely such as liver cells and skin cells.


Southeast Asian nations are gearing up for a major palm oil boom as interest in biofuels soars, but activists are warning against the expansion.
They also argue that oil palm plantations require massive swathes of land — either what’s left of the region’s disappearing forests, denuded plots that would be better off reforested, or land critical to supporting local people.
Governments and companies have been scrambling to cash in since palm oil prices jumped last year due to spiking demand from China, India and Europe, where biofuels should comprise 10 percent of motor fuels by 2020.
Indonesia has launched a particularly ambitious biofuels expansion programme, which aims to see Southeast Asia’s largest economy source 17 percent of its energy needs from renewable sources by 2025.
Evita Herawati, an assistant to Indonesia’s minister of energy, said 5.5 million hectares (13.5 million acres) will be set aside for biofuel plantations by 2010, 1.5 million hectares of which are for oil palm. The main objective is “to create jobs and alleviate poverty,” with some 3.5 million new jobs being eyed by 2010.
Rully Syumanda, of Indonesia’s environmental watchdog Walhi, said proposing palm oil plantations has been used in recent years in Indonesia “as a pretext to clear land and take the more valuable logs”.
He estimates that nearly 17 million hectares of Indonesia’s forests have been cleared ostensibly for oil palm plantations since the 1960s, but only six million hectares have been cultivated.
Though he concedes that the government is now making efforts to reforest, catch offenders and audit the industry, Syumanda said these were “insignificant compared to the damage that is being inflicted on the environment”.
So we have to make sure that European and American motorists know the ecological cost of biofuels.


OBJECTIVES: To describe clinical and epidemiological aspects of canine and feline screw-worm myiasis.
ANIMALS: Naturally infested dogs and cats, presented to five veterinary clinics in four Malaysian states from September 2017 to February 2018.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Cutaneous screw-worm myiasis was diagnosed based on clinical signs and visual examination of burrowing larvae within lesion. Age, breed, gender, anatomical site of infestation and suspected underlying predisposing causes were investigated.
RESULTS: A total of 55 dogs and 21 cats were included in the study. Intact male mixed breed dogs (mean age 58 months) and intact male domestic short hair cats (mean age 24 months) with suspected fight-related wounds were most commonly presented with exudative and ulcerative lesions associated with screw-worm myiasis. The most common anatomical sites of infestation in the dogs were the external ear canals, followed by the perineum and medial canthus. For the cats, the most commonly affected areas were paws and tail. Five cats with screw-worm myiasis were concurrently infected with sporotrichosis.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Aggression between unneutered animals is a likely underlying cause for cutaneous screw-worm myiasis in both cats and dogs. Sporotrichosis was also a potential predisposing cause for screw-worm myiasis in cats.
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Precisely what is the coronavirus? Coronaviruses are a group of malware https://www.faq-coronavirus.com/can-a-microwave-kill-the-coronavirus which could cause condition from the prevalent cold to more severe ailments. They are a form of respiratory virus which could spread from a person to a different by falling secretions inside the nose, mouth or sight of a person who is ill.
Symptoms of the coronavirus range and may consist of fever, coughing, difficulty breathing and other very similar symptoms. Many people who will be asymptomatic recover in a few weeks.
How long does it take to get better from the coronavirus?
Recovery time differs, but many people who acquire mild to moderate health problems recover within two to three weeks. Some drive more moreattract severe illness, or are hospitalized.
How can I shield myself?
Within a mask, particularly if socially removing yourself, may also help prevent the trojan from dispersing. You should also wash your hands after and before using the bathroom.
Use disinfectants sparingly and only when needed to wash surfaces that can be easily dirty by the anti-virus. These can be seen in cleaning supplies and other household items.
If you operate a medical setting, have on a confront protect that protects your mouth and nose if you are working close to patients or people who are sick. These face masks protect you from the bottle of spray of droplets and aerosols that can be released by a person or healthcare worker.
Will i get the coronavirus again?
Antibody medical tests, or serology tests, will be able to tell if you have antibodies to the coronavirus. If you test out positive, you should steer clear of contact with other folks until your illness has ended and you have been medically cleared to return to campus.


The origins of hotel luggage labels can probably be traced to the trade-cards that hotels routinely ordered along with their other stationery items, such as letter and invoice stock, in the latter half of the 19th century. These items often featured a copper engraved image of the hotel and some text pertaining to its location. These cards served as “hand-out” publicity for the establishment.
There is evidence to suggest that hotel trade-cards were occasionally affixed to items of luggage, probably to facilitate their transport to the correct establishment. By 1900 hotels were routinely providing travelers with labels for their luggage. Luggage decorated with labels from important and exotic places became a symbol of one’s class and status.
The early 20th century saw graphic design changes in hotel luggage labels with designs passing from the detailed images (evolving directly from the earlier copper engravings) incorporating limited coloring, to a simplified yet highly colored, dramatic, and eye-catching style (seen in the images above). Designs on labels reflected the Art Nouveau and Art Deco styles in turn and hotels began to use labels as a promotional tool.
While early labels mainly featured representations of the hotels themselves the designs evolved to include iconic views of the cities in which the hotels were found, often in the form of representations of important architectural monuments such as the Leaning Tower of Pisa or the Pyramids of Giza. Geographic features, such as mountains and lakes, also were featured.
The use of hotel luggage labels continued into the 1950s, and even beyond in some luxury hotels in exotic locales, but the advent of mass tourism and the more automated transfer of luggage diminished the appeal and use of the luggage label.


In heavy infestations, it's possible to find worms after you cough or vomit, and the worms can come out of other body openings, such as your mouth or nostrils. If this happens to you, take the worm to your doctor to identify it and prescribe the proper treatment.
Mature female ascariasis worms in your intestine begin laying eggs. These eggs travel through your digestive system and eventually can be found in your stool.
To diagnose ascariasis, your doctor will examine your stool for the microscopic eggs and larvae. But eggs won't appear in stool until at least 40 days after you're infected. And if you're infected with only male worms, you won't have eggs.
Your blood can be tested for the presence of an increased number of a certain type of white blood cell, called eosinophils. Ascariasis can elevate your eosinophils, but so can other types of health problems.
April 23, 2015
- X-rays. If you're infested with worms, the mass of worms may be visible in an X-ray of your abdomen. In some cases, a chest X-ray can reveal the larvae in your lungs.
- Ultrasound. An ultrasound may show worms in your pancreas or liver. This technology uses sound waves to create images of internal organs.
- CT scans or MRIs. Both types of tests create detailed images of your internal structures, which can help your doctor detect worms that are blocking ducts in your liver or pancreas. CT scans combine X-ray images taken from many angles; MRI uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field.
- Leder K, et al. Ascariasis. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed Feb. 22, 2015.
- Ascariasis infection (ascariasis). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ascariasis/. Accessed Feb. 22, 2015.
- Ascariasis. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/ascariasis/Pages/default.aspx. Accessed Feb. 22, 2015.
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In the Fruit Garden In March
Cut autumn-fruiting raspberry canes to the ground to stimulate new canes, which will fruit in the autumn.
Protect the blossoms of apricots, peaches and nectarines from frost with a screen or horticultural fleece.
Cover strawberries with a cloche to encourage earlier fruiting.
Cut the tips of summer-fruiting raspberry canes that have grown beyond the top of their supports – cut just above the bud.
Mulch rhubarb with a thick layer of well-rotted manure to keep it healthy and reduce moisture loss through the soil. Take care not to cover the crown.
Feed blueberry plants with ericaceous plant fertiliser.
Mulch fruit trees with well-rotted manure or garden compost. Take care not to mound the mulch up around the tree trunks.
- Remove weeds, thatch and moss from your lawn and improve drainage.
- Plant summer flowering bulbs.
- Protect new spring shoots from slugs.
- Hoe and mulch weeds to keep them under control early.
- Top dress containers with fresh compost.


Cure for HIV/AIDS is still not found as there are so many types of virus which makes it difficult to make a vaccine. Since every strain of HIV requires a separate method to eliminate them, epidemics such as AIDS and Cancer are still incurable. But for the first time in 19 years, Scientist has discovered a major new strain of HIV which could be a big breakthrough for finding the HIV/AIDS cure.
The latest strain uncovered is part of the HIV-1 version, Group M and the same family of viruses is mainly responsible for spreading the disease all over the world. Abbott Laboratories and the University of Missouri, Kansas City conducted the research together and are now working on a possible solution to kill the HIV strain and cure the deadly disease.
HIV generally has many different types of strains and the virus can mutate over time which makes the use of simple drugs ineffective in killing them. The first Group M HIV strains were discovered in 2000 and now a new type has been found which means that the test to detect AIDS is effective.
Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has said that the biggest problems lie with identifying the cause of HIV and discovering the new strains will help them understand how the viruses evolve. Fauci also assured people not to panic as there are very rare chances of someone getting affected by it and they are also working on a cure based on the discovery.
Treatment to Eliminate the HIV Strain
The Scientists at Abbott and the University of Missouri have been searching for new types of HIV strains for years and it was like looking for a needle in the haystack. The sample HIV strain was fully sequenced and they now have a clear structure and it was found out that it was subtype L from the M Group.
The latest discovery is an indication that to cure HIV/AIDS one must learn how it develops and functions. The virus is constantly changing and hence they develop a treatment that can also evolve and keep up with HIV and eliminate it at the end.


Division: Let's Be Fair!
Here are some word problems kids can relate to. In each problem, the character wants to share all of his or her items equally among friends. How can kids figure out how many of the items each friend should get? Divide! Kids solve the word problems by designing division problems in which a single or multidigit number is evenly divided by a one-digit number.


Radiation, Japan, and Smithy
The Japan earthquake and Tsunami has lead to critical incidents at nuclear power stations, and, understandably, concern over radiation levels throughout Japan. At the site of the incident, radiation levels soared to 400mSv per hour, but quickly fell to 0.6mSv per hour at the front gate of the plant hours later. Levels throughout Japan have been reported as 6uSv per hour this morning.
But what does these figures actually mean? And how do they relate to the doses of radiation we expose our patients to in clinical practice?
A CXR is about 0.02 mSv
Background radiation for a year in Dundee is 2.5 mSv
A helical CT scan of the Chest, Abdomen and Pelvis is about 12 mSv
Radiation sickness usually occurs at 1 Sv
Louis Slotin received 5.1 Sv during the criticality accident in 1946 that lead to his death
Radical radiotherapy is usually of the order of 50 Sv, in a number of fractions
If you want to learn more about the risks of ionising radiation associated with common radiological investigations, you can visit the Radiation Tutorial that Smithy devised last year.


Schokland is a former island in the Dutch Zuiderzee, in the municipality of Noordoostpolder. Schokland was an elongated strip of peat land which ceased to be an island when the Noordoostpolder was reclaimed from the sea in 1942. It is now just a slightly elevated part of the polder, with a still partly intact retaining wall of the waterfront of Middelbuurt. On 1 April 2014, it had 8 inhabitants, but according to Statistics Netherlands there are five people living on the former island.
Schokland was an attractive settlement area in the Middle Ages, but by the 19th century it was under continuous threat of flooding due to the rise in sea level. By then the Schoklanders had retreated to the three most elevated parts: Emmeloord, Molenbuurt, and Middelbuurt. A major flood in 1825 brought massive destruction, and in 1859 the government decided to end permanent settlement on Schokland. The former municipality of Schokland was joined to Kampen on the mainland.
Today Schokland is a popular archeological site and host to the Schokland Museum. Schokland was the first UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Netherlands.


day in March, the main entrance to the Smith College Museum of Art was full of the
energetic noise of people bustling through various exhibition galleries, asking for
directions, waiting for friends, sitting on benches, making notes and sharing observations.
But upstairs on the third floor in an alcove off the
Chace Gallery, it was much quieter. A group of small children sat cross-legged on
the floor, eerily silent, mouths agape as they peered at the 9th-century sculpture
before them. While a museum docent talked about its origins, they studied the thousand-pound
stone Buddha seated cross-legged on a double lotus throne with a serene smile, eyes
closed in meditation and hands held in a symbolic pose known as dyana mudra.
The schoolchildren, like other recent visitors who
have sought out the ancient Buddha from Central Java, became quiet in its presence.
The sculpture, labeled “Seated Buddha Amitaba with Aureole” and made
of the volcanic stone andesite, was previously on display in the Southeast Asian
galleries of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York for seven years. Lent to
the Smith museum by an anonymous collector, the sculpture will remain on display
for the next three years.


Black walnuts are a flavorful ingredient that many people like to add to breads, cakes and other baked goods. They can also be eaten raw. If you would like to grow and harvest your own black walnut trees (Juglans nigra L.), they are best planted from seed (the walnuts). Black walnut trees prefer full sun and can be planted in the fall or the spring, although most home gardeners have more success when planting them in the fall.
Prepare the soil two to three years before planting black walnuts. Till the soil the about 12 to 18 inches deep and incorporate 25 percent of organic matter, such as compost, into the soil. Repeat this in the fall and spring until planting time.
Gather the black walnuts when they drop in the fall. It is not necessary to remove the husk or shell.
Keep the walnuts dry for a fall planting. Stack the nuts together in a pile--no more than 15 inches high--and in a shady area until you are ready to plant them.
Alternatively, stratify the nuts for a spring planting. Set the nuts in a single layer on the ground in an area protected from wind and animals. Then, cover them with 2 inches of moist sand or moist leaves. If necessary, have a second layer of black walnuts, which should be covered with another layer of sand or leaves. Plant the walnuts in early spring before they sprout in the their temporary location.
Plant the walnuts 4 inches deep. If you are planting more than one walnut, use your hoe to create a 4-inch trench (also called a furrow). Space walnuts at least 4 feet apart and trenches 10 feet apart from one another. Alternatively, to grow a clump of walnut trees, evenly plant 6 to 10 walnuts in an area that is 16 to 18 feet in diameter.
Backfill the soil with your hoe to cover the walnuts with about 2 inches of soil. Do not level the soil with the ground so it will hold excess water after rainfalls and waterings. Black walnuts like lots of water.
Water your seeds with about 2 inches of water and keep the soil moist at all times, watering them well when rainfall is scarce.


The purpose of this study was to examine recent findings that suggest a role for drug metabolism, namely the production of reactive metabolites, in drug hypersensitivity responses. The advent of new mass-spectrometry methods has enabled the discovery of reactive metabolites from medicines known to cause hypersensitivity responses, such as amoxicillin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs including aspirin, diclofenac, and metamizole. Recent research has shown that reactive metabolites may effectively bind plasma proteins, implying that drug metabolites may induce an immune response instead of – or in addition to – parent medicines. Because drug metabolic profiles are frequently dictated by variations in the genes that code for drug-metabolizing enzymes, it is possible that changed drug metabolism might predispose to the production of reactive drug metabolites and hence to hypersensitivity responses. In addition to the well-known efficacy of pharmacogenomics testing in type A adverse responses, our data suggest the prospective application of pharmacogenomics tests in hypersensitive adverse reactions.
A growing body of data points to a connection between genetically determined drug metabolism, changed metabolic profiles, the production of highly reactive metabolites, and haptenization. More research is needed to identify reliable biomarkers for drug-induced hypersensitivity responses.


Scientists are reporting for the first time that the use of weed killers in farmers' fields boosts the nutritional value of an important food a crop. Application of two common herbicides to several varieties of sweet corn significantly increased the amount of key nutrients termed carotenoids in the corn kernels, according to a new study.
In the new study, Dean Kopsell and colleagues note that farmers grow about 240,000 acres of sweet corn in the United States each year, making it an important food crop. Corn is among only a few vegetable crops that are good sources of zeaxanthin carotenoids. Consuming carotenoid-rich vegetables may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (a leading cause of vision loss among older people), heart disease, and cancer, the study notes.
The scientists exposed several varieties of sweet corn plants to the herbicide mesotrione or a combination of mesotrione and atrazine, another commonly used weed killer, and harvested mature corn 45 days later. Herbicide applications made the corn an even-better source of carotenoids, boosting levels in the mature kernels of some varieties by up to 15 percent. It specifically increased levels of lutein and zeaxanthin, the major carotenoids in sweet corn kernels, which studies have linked to a reduced risk of age-related macular degeneration.
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Eleanor Marx Aveling 1895
Source: The working class movement in England: a brief historical sketch originally written for the “Volkes lexicon” edited by Emmanuel Wurm by Eleanor Marx Aveling; translated from the German by Edward Aveling and published in 1896 with a Preface by Wilhelm Liebknecht in 1895.
Transcribed: by Ted Crawford;
CopyLeft: this text is free of copyright restrictions.
These seven articles appeared for the first seven months of 1884 in the journal To-Day and were then discontinued though no reason is given. To-Day was claimed as an “exponent of scientific Socialism,” in the first number of 1884 having as new editors Bax and Joynes.
Preface by Wilhelm Liebknecht
The working class movement in England by Eleanor Marx Aveling
Footnotes by Eleanor Marx Aveling


posted by Rigby on .
a man borrowed $85,000 of wich he pays a part of at 9% interest and the rest at 12% if his total interest payment is $9300 per year how much did he borrow at each rate of interest ?
Let X = the amount borrowed at 9% interest
let Y = the amount borrowed at 12% interest.
Here is what you know:
X + Y = 85,000
0.09 X + 0.12 Y = 9,300
Now solve those two simultaneous equations. One easy way is to multiply both sides of the first equation by 0.09.
0.09 X+ 0.09 Y = 7,650
Now subtract that from the second equation to eliminate the X variable.
0.03 Y = 1650
Y = 55,000
X = 30,000


Previous Challenge Entry (Level 3 - Advanced)
Topic: RASH (04/12/18)
TITLE: On Being Rash
By Kim Rojas
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Many people don’t realize when they are rude because they have a different perspective. The same goes for the arrogant. They view their actions as forward-thinking or progressive. But, it’s selfish, because we live in an interactive world and should be mindful of the effects our actions promote in our environment. Not to do so is haughty.
Deserving or not, being respectful to all people shows we are aware of hardships some may be facing. None of us are immune to hardship. It would serve us well to remember the lessons taught through the trials we face in our life’s journey. Only then can we share the sweet victory in someone else’s journey, thereby being honorable to God and ourselves.
It’s all about perspective. As we go about our daily routines, we can choose to be rude, arrogant, selfish, and haughty, or we can choose to be respectful, aware, sweet, and honorable Either way, we’re being r.a.s.h.
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- Antarctic Weather Phenomena
The air in Antarctica is frequently very dry. The low temperatures mean that little or no water vapour is held in the air, instead it freezes and falls out, or builds up on surfaces as frost. Sometimes however depending on the particular atmospheric conditions, the frozen water vapour remains in the air as suspended ice crystals. In these conditions the crystals can reflect sunlight in a variety of ways forming atmospheric phenomena of different types.
One of these phenomena is the "Solar Pillar" seen above. The sun is reflected very strongly so that the reflection is almost as bright as the sun itself. Like a rainbow, this sight is dependent on where the light is coming from and where the observer is standing. The pillar appears to move when the observer moves, but always remains directly below the sun.
Photo credit - Paul Ward / coolantarctica.com