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README.md ADDED
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1
+ ---
2
+ pretty_name: "BLV Object Recognition (Synthetic + Real-World)"
3
+ license: cc-by-4.0
4
+ language:
5
+ - en
6
+ task_categories:
7
+ - image-segmentation
8
+ - object-detection
9
+ task_ids:
10
+ - semantic-segmentation
11
+ - instance-segmentation
12
+ size_categories:
13
+ - 100K<n<1M
14
+ tags:
15
+ - accessibility
16
+ - blind-low-vision
17
+ - synthetic
18
+ - isaacsim
19
+ - sim-to-real
20
+ - urban-navigation
21
+ configs:
22
+ - config_name: syn
23
+ data_files:
24
+ - split: train
25
+ path: syn/train/data-*.parquet
26
+ - config_name: real_ours
27
+ data_files:
28
+ - split: train
29
+ path: real_ours/train/data-*.parquet
30
+ - split: validation
31
+ path: real_ours/validation/data-*.parquet
32
+ - split: test
33
+ path: real_ours/test/data-*.parquet
34
+ - config_name: real_curated
35
+ data_files:
36
+ - split: train
37
+ path: real_curated/train/data-*.parquet
38
+ dataset_info:
39
+ - config_name: syn
40
+ features:
41
+ - name: image
42
+ dtype: image
43
+ - name: mask
44
+ dtype: image
45
+ - name: source
46
+ dtype: string
47
+ - name: object_class
48
+ dtype: string
49
+ - name: class_id
50
+ dtype: int32
51
+ - name: environment
52
+ dtype: string
53
+ - name: sublocation
54
+ dtype: string
55
+ - name: asset
56
+ dtype: string
57
+ - name: trajectory
58
+ dtype: string
59
+ - name: frame_index
60
+ dtype: int32
61
+ - name: bbox
62
+ sequence:
63
+ sequence: int32
64
+ - name: bbox_class_ids
65
+ sequence: int32
66
+ - name: occlusion_ratio
67
+ sequence: float32
68
+ - name: width
69
+ dtype: int32
70
+ - name: height
71
+ dtype: int32
72
+ - config_name: real_ours
73
+ features:
74
+ - name: image
75
+ dtype: image
76
+ - name: mask
77
+ dtype: image
78
+ - name: source
79
+ dtype: string
80
+ - name: object_class
81
+ dtype: string
82
+ - name: class_id
83
+ dtype: int32
84
+ - name: location
85
+ dtype: string
86
+ - name: width
87
+ dtype: int32
88
+ - name: height
89
+ dtype: int32
90
+ - config_name: real_curated
91
+ features:
92
+ - name: image
93
+ dtype: image
94
+ - name: mask
95
+ dtype: image
96
+ - name: source
97
+ dtype: string
98
+ - name: source_dataset
99
+ dtype: string
100
+ - name: split_origin
101
+ dtype: string
102
+ - name: width
103
+ dtype: int32
104
+ - name: height
105
+ dtype: int32
106
+ ---
107
+
108
+ # BLV Object Recognition: Synthetic + Real-World
109
+
110
+ A dataset for training and evaluating object recognition and segmentation
111
+ models on infrastructure relevant to **blind and low-vision (BLV) navigation**
112
+ in urban environments. Three configurations plus a flat tree of 3D assets:
113
+
114
+ | Config / tree | Splits | Purpose |
115
+ |---------------|--------|---------|
116
+ | `syn` | `train` | Photorealistic IsaacSim renders for training / pretraining. |
117
+ | `real_ours` | `train` / `validation` / `test` | Real photographs we captured. **`real_ours/test` is the canonical benchmark eval.** |
118
+ | `real_curated` | `train` | Curated frames from public HF segmentation datasets (`curation`, `mapillary`), remapped to our class palette. |
119
+ | `synthetic_objects/` (tree) | n/a | 3D asset library: per-asset `.glb` + `.ply` + `.usdz` triples grouped by BLV class. |
120
+
121
+ ![samples](docs/hero.png)
122
+
123
+ ## Quick links
124
+
125
+ - [Datasheet for Datasets](docs/datasheet.md)
126
+ - [Class index + palette](class_index.json)
127
+ - Croissant metadata is auto-generated by Hugging Face for this repo (look for the *Croissant* button on the dataset page).
128
+ - Paper: NeurIPS 2026 Datasets & Benchmarks (TBD).
129
+
130
+ ## Loading
131
+
132
+ ### With `datasets`
133
+
134
+ ```python
135
+ from datasets import load_dataset
136
+
137
+ syn_train = load_dataset("NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", "syn", split="train")
138
+ ours_train = load_dataset("NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", "real_ours", split="train")
139
+ ours_val = load_dataset("NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", "real_ours", split="validation")
140
+ ours_test = load_dataset("NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", "real_ours", split="test") # canonical eval
141
+ curated_train = load_dataset("NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", "real_curated", split="train")
142
+
143
+ row = ours_test[0]
144
+ row["image"] # PIL.Image.Image, RGB
145
+ row["mask"] # PIL.Image.Image, P-mode (palette) - pixel value == class_id
146
+ ```
147
+
148
+ ### Pulling the 3D assets
149
+
150
+ ```python
151
+ from huggingface_hub import snapshot_download
152
+
153
+ # All 3D assets for a single class:
154
+ snapshot_download(
155
+ repo_id="NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", repo_type="dataset",
156
+ allow_patterns=["synthetic_objects/door_button/**"],
157
+ local_dir="./assets",
158
+ )
159
+ ```
160
+
161
+ ### With PyTorch directly
162
+
163
+ ```python
164
+ from torch.utils.data import Dataset
165
+ from datasets import load_dataset
166
+ import numpy as np
167
+ import torch
168
+ import torchvision.transforms.functional as TF
169
+
170
+ class BLVSegDataset(Dataset):
171
+ def __init__(self, config: str, split: str, image_size: int = 512):
172
+ self.ds = load_dataset("NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV", config, split=split)
173
+ self.image_size = image_size
174
+
175
+ def __len__(self):
176
+ return len(self.ds)
177
+
178
+ def __getitem__(self, idx):
179
+ row = self.ds[idx]
180
+ img = TF.resize(row["image"].convert("RGB"), [self.image_size, self.image_size])
181
+ mask = TF.resize(row["mask"], [self.image_size, self.image_size],
182
+ interpolation=TF.InterpolationMode.NEAREST)
183
+ img_t = TF.to_tensor(img)
184
+ mask_t = torch.from_numpy(np.array(mask, dtype=np.int64))
185
+ return {"image": img_t, "mask": mask_t, "class": row["object_class"]}
186
+ ```
187
+
188
+ ## Splits & sizes
189
+
190
+ | Config | Split | Rows |
191
+ |----------------|--------------|------|
192
+ | `syn` | train | 452704 |
193
+ | `real_ours` | train | 3703 |
194
+ | `real_ours` | validation | 396 |
195
+ | `real_ours` | test | 1482 |
196
+ | `real_curated` | train | 36466 |
197
+
198
+ 3D asset library (`synthetic_objects/`): 500 GLB+PLY+USDZ triples across 9 classes.
199
+
200
+ ## Class taxonomy
201
+
202
+ | ID | Class | Synthetic | Real (Ours) |
203
+ |----|-------|-----------|-------------|
204
+ | 1 | `aps_button` | yes | yes |
205
+ | 2 | `bus_stop` | yes | yes |
206
+ | 3 | `bus_stop_sign` | yes | yes |
207
+ | 4 | `crosswalk` | yes | yes |
208
+ | 5 | `door_button` | yes | yes |
209
+ | 6 | `elevator` | yes | yes |
210
+ | 7 | `elevator_button` | yes | yes |
211
+ | 8 | `escalator` | yes | yes |
212
+ | 9 | `handrail` | yes | yes |
213
+ | 10 | `pedestrian_signal` | yes | yes |
214
+ | 11 | `turnstile` | yes | no |
215
+
216
+ The synthetic-only class `turnstile` has no real-world examples in this release;
217
+ report real-world metrics over the 10 shared classes.
218
+
219
+ ## Per-class row counts
220
+
221
+ | Class | syn/train | real_ours/train | real_ours/val | real_ours/test | real_curated/train |
222
+ |---|---|---|---|---|---|
223
+ | `aps_button` | 62855 | 206 | 23 | 66 | 0 |
224
+ | `bus_stop` | 60789 | 205 | 23 | 62 | 0 |
225
+ | `bus_stop_sign` | 60480 | 140 | 16 | 54 | 0 |
226
+ | `crosswalk` | 54360 | 9 | 1 | 3 | 27786 |
227
+ | `door_button` | 45360 | 1327 | 148 | 622 | 0 |
228
+ | `elevator` | 23760 | 1065 | 119 | 479 | 15 |
229
+ | `elevator_button` | 23350 | 378 | 23 | 86 | 4401 |
230
+ | `escalator` | 7062 | 135 | 15 | 40 | 1296 |
231
+ | `handrail` | 44468 | 21 | 3 | 8 | 1197 |
232
+ | `pedestrian_signal` | 45210 | 217 | 25 | 62 | 6650 |
233
+ | `turnstile` | 25010 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
234
+
235
+ ## Synthetic coverage
236
+
237
+ - **Frames:** 452704
238
+ - **Trajectories:** 700
239
+ - **Environments:** 37
240
+ - **Distinct assets:** 112
241
+
242
+ ## Mask encoding
243
+
244
+ Each `mask` is a single-channel PNG (PIL `mode="P"`) with an embedded palette.
245
+ Pixel value `i` corresponds to the `i`-th entry in `class_index.json`:
246
+
247
+ | Pixel | Class | Palette RGB |
248
+ |-------|-------|-------------|
249
+ | 0 | `BACKGROUND` | (0, 0, 0) |
250
+ | 1 | `aps_button` | (220, 20, 60) |
251
+ | 2 | `bus_stop` | (255, 140, 0) |
252
+ | 3 | `bus_stop_sign` | (255, 215, 0) |
253
+ | 4 | `crosswalk` | (50, 205, 50) |
254
+ | 5 | `door_button` | (0, 191, 255) |
255
+ | 6 | `elevator` | (138, 43, 226) |
256
+ | 7 | `elevator_button` | (255, 105, 180) |
257
+ | 8 | `escalator` | (0, 128, 128) |
258
+ | 9 | `handrail` | (165, 42, 42) |
259
+ | 10 | `pedestrian_signal` | (75, 0, 130) |
260
+ | 11 | `turnstile` | (255, 20, 147) |
261
+
262
+ Convert to a numeric label map with `np.array(row["mask"])`.
263
+
264
+ ## Source data
265
+
266
+ - **Synthetic** — generated in NVIDIA IsaacSim (Replicator) by spawning each
267
+ asset across a curated catalog of urban environments
268
+ (37 unique scenes including default and sunset/night lighting
269
+ variants), with randomized camera trajectories. Each frame ships an RGBA
270
+ image, a semantic segmentation mask color-coded per object instance, and 2D
271
+ tight bounding boxes.
272
+ - **Real (Ours)** — real photographs captured at 113 distinct
273
+ physical locations covering the 10 shared object classes. Annotations were
274
+ authored as polygon segmentations in COCO format and rasterized to the
275
+ unified palettized PNG mask format used here.
276
+ - **Real (Curated)** — frames sampled from public segmentation datasets
277
+ (`source_dataset = "curation"` or `"mapillary"`). Class IDs were remapped
278
+ from each source taxonomy to the global BLV palette. The original
279
+ per-frame split (`split_origin`) is preserved as a column; all curated
280
+ rows are exposed under a single `train` split here.
281
+ - **3D Assets (`synthetic_objects/`)** — 500 per-asset folders, each
282
+ containing a `.glb` (Khronos), a Gaussian-splat `.ply`, and a `.usdz`
283
+ (USD bundle, Apple/Pixar) ready for IsaacSim or AR pipelines. Assets are
284
+ organized by BLV class.
285
+
286
+ ## Preprocessing
287
+
288
+ Produced by `scripts/build_hf_dataset.py`. Synthetic RGB PNGs are hardlinked
289
+ unchanged from the source tree; the IsaacSim RGBA-encoded semantic masks are
290
+ converted into single-channel palettized PNGs against a global class index;
291
+ synthetic 2D bounding-box `.npy` files are flattened into JSONL columns; the
292
+ real-world COCO polygon annotations are rasterized to the same palettized PNG
293
+ format using `pycocotools`.
294
+
295
+ ## Known limitations
296
+
297
+ - **Resolution mismatch.** Synthetic frames are 1280×720; real-world frames
298
+ are 640×360. Models that resize to a common input shape are unaffected.
299
+ - **Class imbalance in real-world data.** Some classes have few real-world
300
+ examples (e.g. `crosswalk`, `handrail`). Report per-class mIoU alongside any
301
+ aggregate.
302
+ - **`turnstile` is synthetic-only.** Evaluate over the 10 shared classes for
303
+ real-world metrics.
304
+ - **Sim-to-real gap.** Synthetic textures and lighting may not match
305
+ real-world distributions perfectly.
306
+
307
+ ## Ethical considerations
308
+
309
+ - The synthetic data contains no personally identifiable information.
310
+ - Real-world captures were collected in public spaces; the dataset is intended
311
+ for accessibility research and **must not be used for surveillance or
312
+ identification of individuals**.
313
+ - The class taxonomy targets infrastructure relevant to blind/low-vision
314
+ navigation; models trained on this dataset should not be deployed in
315
+ safety-critical settings without additional validation.
316
+
317
+ ## License
318
+
319
+ Released under **CC BY 4.0**.
320
+
321
+ ## Citation
322
+
323
+ ```bibtex
324
+ @inproceedings{blv2026,
325
+ title = {BLV Object Recognition: A Synthetic and Real-World Benchmark},
326
+ author = {Anonymized Authors},
327
+ booktitle = {NeurIPS 2026 Datasets and Benchmarks Track},
328
+ year = {2026}
329
+ }
330
+ ```
class_index.json ADDED
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1
+ {
2
+ "BACKGROUND": {
3
+ "id": 0,
4
+ "color": [
5
+ 0,
6
+ 0,
7
+ 0
8
+ ]
9
+ },
10
+ "aps_button": {
11
+ "id": 1,
12
+ "color": [
13
+ 220,
14
+ 20,
15
+ 60
16
+ ]
17
+ },
18
+ "bus_stop": {
19
+ "id": 2,
20
+ "color": [
21
+ 255,
22
+ 140,
23
+ 0
24
+ ]
25
+ },
26
+ "bus_stop_sign": {
27
+ "id": 3,
28
+ "color": [
29
+ 255,
30
+ 215,
31
+ 0
32
+ ]
33
+ },
34
+ "crosswalk": {
35
+ "id": 4,
36
+ "color": [
37
+ 50,
38
+ 205,
39
+ 50
40
+ ]
41
+ },
42
+ "door_button": {
43
+ "id": 5,
44
+ "color": [
45
+ 0,
46
+ 191,
47
+ 255
48
+ ]
49
+ },
50
+ "elevator": {
51
+ "id": 6,
52
+ "color": [
53
+ 138,
54
+ 43,
55
+ 226
56
+ ]
57
+ },
58
+ "elevator_button": {
59
+ "id": 7,
60
+ "color": [
61
+ 255,
62
+ 105,
63
+ 180
64
+ ]
65
+ },
66
+ "escalator": {
67
+ "id": 8,
68
+ "color": [
69
+ 0,
70
+ 128,
71
+ 128
72
+ ]
73
+ },
74
+ "handrail": {
75
+ "id": 9,
76
+ "color": [
77
+ 165,
78
+ 42,
79
+ 42
80
+ ]
81
+ },
82
+ "pedestrian_signal": {
83
+ "id": 10,
84
+ "color": [
85
+ 75,
86
+ 0,
87
+ 130
88
+ ]
89
+ },
90
+ "turnstile": {
91
+ "id": 11,
92
+ "color": [
93
+ 255,
94
+ 20,
95
+ 147
96
+ ]
97
+ }
98
+ }
docs/datasheet.md ADDED
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1
+ # Datasheet: BLV Object Recognition (Synthetic + Real-World)
2
+
3
+ Following the structure of *Datasheets for Datasets* (Gebru et al., 2018).
4
+
5
+ ## Motivation
6
+
7
+ **For what purpose was the dataset created?**
8
+ To enable training and evaluation of computer-vision models for blind and
9
+ low-vision (BLV) navigation aids. The dataset focuses on infrastructure
10
+ objects that BLV travelers must perceive and interact with (signals, doors,
11
+ escalators, handrails, etc.) and pairs photorealistic synthetic data for
12
+ training with real-world photographs (split into train / val / test) for
13
+ evaluation.
14
+
15
+ **Who funded the creation of the dataset?**
16
+ DARoS Lab.
17
+
18
+ ## Composition
19
+
20
+ **What do instances represent?**
21
+ Each instance is a single image with a paired pixel-level segmentation mask.
22
+ Synthetic instances additionally carry 2D bounding boxes per object.
23
+
24
+ **How many instances are there?**
25
+ - `syn/train`: 452704
26
+ - `real_ours/train`: 3703
27
+ - `real_ours/validation`: 396
28
+ - `real_ours/test`: 1482
29
+ - `real_curated/train`: 36466
30
+ - `synthetic_objects/` (3D assets): 500 across 9 classes
31
+
32
+ **Does the dataset contain all possible instances?**
33
+ No. The synthetic data is a finite sample drawn from a parameterized
34
+ generation pipeline; the real-world data is a finite collection of
35
+ photographs.
36
+
37
+ **Is there any missing information?**
38
+ The synthetic-only class `turnstile` has no real-world examples in this
39
+ release.
40
+
41
+ **Are there errors, sources of noise, or redundancies?**
42
+ - Synthetic masks are produced by IsaacSim's Replicator and may contain edge
43
+ artifacts at sub-pixel object boundaries.
44
+ - Real-world polygon annotations were authored manually and may have small
45
+ boundary errors.
46
+
47
+ ## Collection process
48
+
49
+ **Synthetic.** Generated in NVIDIA IsaacSim using Replicator. Each trajectory
50
+ samples an asset, environment, and lighting condition, and records
51
+ RGB + semantic mask + 2D bounding box per frame.
52
+
53
+ **Real-world.** Photographs captured by data collectors at distinct physical
54
+ locations covering the 10 shared object classes; annotated with COCO-format
55
+ polygon segmentations.
56
+
57
+ ## Preprocessing / cleaning / labeling
58
+
59
+ See `README.md` and `scripts/build_hf_dataset.py`. The on-disk layout
60
+ re-encodes synthetic RGBA-coded masks into a single global palettized format
61
+ and rasterizes real-world COCO polygons into the same format. Source RGB PNGs
62
+ are not re-encoded.
63
+
64
+ ## Uses
65
+
66
+ **Has the dataset been used for any tasks already?**
67
+ The dataset will accompany a paper at the NeurIPS 2026 Datasets & Benchmarks
68
+ track (submission pending).
69
+
70
+ **What other tasks could the dataset be used for?**
71
+ Sim-to-real transfer studies, robustness analysis under lighting conditions,
72
+ multi-task learning combining detection and segmentation.
73
+
74
+ **Are there tasks for which the dataset should not be used?**
75
+ The dataset must not be used for surveillance or identification of
76
+ individuals. The synthetic data does not represent real people; the
77
+ real-world data was collected in public spaces and is intended only for
78
+ accessibility research.
79
+
80
+ ## Distribution
81
+
82
+ The dataset is hosted on Hugging Face at `NavAble/NeurIPS_2026_BLV` and
83
+ licensed under CC BY 4.0.
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