An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW did God create man?

Answer: God created man male and female, after his own image, in knowledge, righteousness, and holiness, with doninion over the creatures.

Question: How did God create man?

Answer: God created man in his own image; Genesis 1:27. So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him, male and female created he them.

Question: What is meant by the image of God?

Answer: Not a resemblance of God in any bodily shape or figure, but in holiness; Ephesians 4:24. And that you put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.

Question: In what graces did man resemble God?

Answer: In such a knowledge of God himself, and the creatures, which made him happy; Colossians 3:10, And have put on the new man, which is renewed in knowledge, after the image of him that created him.

Question: In what other graces did this image consist?

Answer: In righteousness as well as holiness; Ephesians 4:24. And that you put on the new man, which after God is created in righteousness and true holiness.

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: The deplorable misery of the fall; Romans 5:12. Wherefore as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin, and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.

Question: What is the second instruction from hence?

Answer: The beauty of holiness, which is the image of God, and the excellency of man; Psalm 16:3. But to the saints that are in the earth, and to the excellent, in whom is all my delight.

Question: What is the third instruction from hence?

Answer: We have infinite cause to bless God for Christ, who repairs this lost image in his people; Ephesians 4:23. And be renewed in the spirit of your mind.

Question: What is the fourth instruction from hence?

Answer: That the despisers of holiness are the despisers of God; for holiness is God's image.

Question: What is the fifth instruction from hence?

Answer: The excellency of sanctification, which defaces the image of Satan, and draws the image of God upon the soul of man. Of Divine Providence


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT are God's works of providence?

Answer: God's works of providence are his most holy, wise, and powerful preserving and governing all his creatures, and all their actions.

Question: How does it appear that there is a Divine Providence?

Answer: It appears by plain scripture testimonies. Hebrews 1:3. Upholding all things by the word of his power. Colossians 1:17. By him all things consist. Luke. 12:6, 7. Are not five sparrows sold for two farthings, and not one of them is forgotten before God; but even the very hairs of your head are all numbered.

Question: How else is providence evinced?

Answer: By scripture emblems; as Jacob's ladder, Genesis 28:12, 13. And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set upon the earth, and the top of it reached to Heaven; behold the angels of God ascended and descended on it: And Ezekiel's wheels, Ezekiel 1:20. Wherever the spirit was to go, they went, thither was their spirit to go, and the wheels were lifted up over against them, for the spirit of the living creature was in the wheels.

Question: What farther scripture evidence is there?

Answer: The sure accomplishment of scripture predictions; as Israel's captivity, and deliverance from Egypt and Babylon; Christ's incarnation; the rise and ruin of the four monarchies; Daniel 2:31. You, O king, saw, and behold a great image, whose brightness was excellent, stood before you, and the form thereof was terrible. Daniel 7:3. And four great beasts came up from the sea, diverse one from the other.

Question: What is its first act about the creatures?

Answer: It sustains, preserves, provides for them; Psalm 145:15, 16. The eyes of all wait upon you, and you give them their meat in due season; you open your hand, and satisfied the desire of every living thing, and defend them from danger. Psalm 36:6. Your righteousness is like the great mountains, your judgments are a great deep; O Lord, you preserve man and beast.

Question: What is the second act of providence about the creatures?

Answer: It rules and governs the creatures and their actions; Psalm 66:7. He rules by his power forever, his eyes behold the nations; let not the rebellious exalt themselves.

Question: How manifold is Divine Providence?

Answer: It is common and general over all, or special and peculiar to some men; 1 Timothy 4:10. Who is the Savior of all men, especially of those that believe.

Question: How is providence exercised about sinful actions?

Answer: In permitting them; Acts 4:16. In restraining them; Psalm 76:10. Surely the wrath of man shall praise you, and the remainder of wrath shall you restrain. And over-ruling them to good; Genesis 50:20. But as for you, you thought evil against me, but God meant it unto good, to bring to pass, as it is this day, to save much people alive.

Question: What are the properties of providence?

Answer: It is (1.) Holy; Psalm 145:17. The Lord is righteous in all his ways, and holy in all his works. (2.) Wise; Psalm 104:24. O Lord, how manifold are all your works! in wisdom have you made them all. (3.) Powerful? Daniel 4:35. And all the inhabitants of the earth are reputed as nothing, and he does according to his will, in the armies of Heaven, and among the inhabitants of the earth, and none can stay his hand, or say unto him, What do you?

Question: What is the first instruction from it?

Answer: That God's people are safe amidst all their enemies and dangers; 2 Chronicles 16:9. For the eyes of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to show himself strong in the behalf of them whose hearts are perfect toward him.

Question: What is the second instruction from it.

Answer: That prayer is the best expedient to prosperity and success of our lawful affairs; Psalm 145:18. The Lord is near unto all them that call upon him, to all that call upon him in truth.

Question: What is the third instruction from it?

Answer: That God's people should rest quietly in the care of his providence for them in all their straits; Matthew 6:26. Behold the birds of the air, for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet our heavenly Father feeds them: are not you much better than they?

Question: What is the last instruction from it?

Answer: That it is no small privilege to be adopted children of God, and the members of Christ; for all is ordered for their eternal good; Ephesians 1:22, 23. And has put all things under his feet, and gave him to be head over all things to the church, which is his body, the fullness of him that fills all in all. Of the Covenant of Works


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT special act of providence did God exercise towards man, in the estate wherein he was created?

Answer: When God created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience, forbidding him to eat of the tree of knowledge of good and evil, upon pain of death.

Question: What was God's covenant with Adam before the fall?

Answer: It was to give life and happiness upon condition of perfect personal obedience; Galatians 3:12. The law is not of faith; but the man that does them shall live in them.

Question: Was this covenant made only with Adam, or with him and his posterity?

Answer: It was made with him, and all his natural posterity, descending in the ordinary way of generation from him; Romans 5:12. Wherefore as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin, and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned. Verse 14 and 18. Nevertheless, death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression, who is the figure of him that was to come: Therefore as by the offence of one, judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one, the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life.

Question: Was Adam able to perform the obedience required of him in this covenant?

Answer: Yes; for he was made upright; Ecclesiastes 7:29. God made man upright; but they have sought out many inventions.

Question: Had this covenant any Mediator?

Answer: No; he neither had, nor needed any Mediator for satisfaction, because no sin was in him; nor intercession, for he wanted nothing.

Question: Did this covenant admit of no repentance, nor accept any shorter endeavors?

Answer: No, it did not; but sentences and curses the transgressors of it, for the least breach; Galatians 3:10. Cursed is every one that continues not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them.

Question: How was this threatening fulfilled, of dying the day he eat, seeing he lived 930 years?

Answer: He died spiritually that day: and though the sentence on his body was respited in order to posterity, yet then his body received the death's wound, of which afterward he died.

Question: What is the first inference from Adam's covenant?

Answer: Miserable are all they that grow on the natural root of the first Adam: Galatians 4:21, 22. Tell me, you that desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law? For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bond-maid, the other by a free-woman.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That God is just in all the punishments and miseries that come upon man; yes, infants that never sinned after his similitude; Romans 5:14. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: The glorious privilege of believers who are under a better covenant, established upon better promises; Hebrews 8:6. But now has he obtained a more excellent ministry, by how much also he is the Mediator of a better covenant, which is established upon better promises.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That we should pity the unregenerate, especially our own among them; and labor to plant them in the second Adam. Of the Fall of Man


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: DID our first parents continue in the estate wherein they were created?

Answer: Our first parents being left to the freedom of their own will, fell from the estate wherein they were created, by sinning against God.

Question: How does it appear that man is fallen?

Answer: By the scripture history: An account of it is in Genesis 3:6, 7. And when the woman saw that the tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise, she took of the fruit thereof and did eat, and gave also unto her husband with her, and he did eat. And the eyes of them both were opened, and they knew that they were naked, and they sewed fig-leaves together, and made themselves aprons? and they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day; and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God, among the trees of the garden. And the sad experience we all have of it in ourselves; Romans 5:12. Therefore as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin, and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.

Question: How could man fall, since he was made upright?

Answer: Though he was upright, yet his will was mutable; and by abusing that liberty, he fell; Ecclesiastes 7:29. Lo, this only have I found, that God has made man upright, but they have sought out-many inventions.

Question: How did God leave him to abuse the freedom of his will?

Answer: Not by inclining him to abuse it; but by withholding that further grace which he was no way obliged to continue to him.

Question: Did the will of man lose its liberty to good by the Fall?

Answer: Yes, it did, and is so wounded, that it cannot, without your preventing and regenerating grace, put forth one spiritual and saving act; Ephesians 2:8, 9, 10. For by grace are you saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God. Not of works, least any man should boast; for we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus unto good works, etc.

Question: What was the aggravation of Adam's sin?

Answer: It was aggravated in his being a public innocent person, so newly placed in a state of happiness and liberty.

Question: What is the first inference from the fall?

Answer: That the best creature left to himself, cannot be long safe; as the angels, and Adam; Psalm 49:12. Nevertheless, man being in honor abides not; he is like the beasts that perish.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That since man could not be his own keeper, he can be much less his own Savior; 2 Corinthians 3:5. Not that we are sufficient of our selves to think anything as of ourselves; but our sufficiency is of God.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That it is impossible for the covenant of works to justify any one; Romans 3:20. Therefore by the deeds of the law there shall no flesh be justified in his sight; Romans 8:3. For what the law could not do, in that it was weak through the flesh; God sending his own Son, in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: What cause have we to bless God for Christ, who recovered us when the fall left us helpless? Romans 5:6. For when we were yet without strength, in due time Christ died for the ungodly. Of Sin


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT is sin?

Answer: Sin is any want of conformity unto, or transgression of the law of God.

Question: What is meant by the law?

Answer: The commands and rules flowing from God's sovereignty, whereby his will is manifested, and the creature bound to obedience.

Question: Where is this law written?

Answer: It is written either in the heart; Romans 2:25. Which shows the work of the law written in their hearts, (which we call the law; of nature;) or in the Bible, which we call the written moral law.

Question: What conformity is due to the law of God?

Answer: A twofold conformity is due to it: FIRST, Internal, in our hearts. SECONDLY, External, in our lives; and the want of either is sin; 1 John 3:4. Whoever commits sin, transgresses also the law; for sin is the transgression of the law.

Question: How does it appear that the want of internal conformity is sin?

Answer: Because the law requires it; Mark 12:30. And you shall love the Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength; for this is the first Commandment: And condemns the want of it? Romans 7:7. What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid! nay, I had not known sin but by the law; for I had not known lust except the law had said, You shall not covet.

Question: Is nothing a sin but what is against God's law?

Answer: No, nothing can be a sin but what God has either expressly, or by consequence, forbidden in his word.

Question: Wherein lies the evil of transgressing God's law?

Answer: The evil of sin principally lies in the offence and wrong done to God, whose sovereignty it labors to shake off, and despises his will; Psalm 51:4. Against you, you only have I sinned, and done this evil in your sight.

Question: What further evil is in sin?

Answer: It highly wrongs the sinner's soul by defacing, defiling, and damning it; Proverbs 8:36. But he who sins against me, wrongs his own soul: all they that hate me, love death.

Question: Wherein is the evil of sin manifested?

Answer: It is manifested in the death of Christ, the terrors of conscience, and torments of Hell.

Question: What course must the sinner take to recover himself out of his misery?

Answer: Repentance towards God, faith towards Christ, and both evidenced by new obedience; Acts 20:21. Testifying both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance towards God, and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ.

Question: What may we infer from hence?

Answer: That we have infinite cause to bless God for Christ's satisfaction of the law for our sins. Of the Tree of Knowledge


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT was the sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created?

Answer: The sin whereby our first parents fell from the estate wherein they were created, was their eating the forbidden fruit.

Question: Why was this tree called the tree of knowledge?

Answer: Not from any natural efficacy it had to give knowledge, but the knowledge he should have by eating, or not eating, was experimental knowledge, that is Knowledge to his sorrow.

Question: Why did God forbid him this tree?

Answer: FIRST, For the discovery of his dominion over man. SECONDLY, For the trial of his subjection and obedience. THIRDLY, For the aggravation of his sin, if he should eat.

Question: What evil was there in eating of it?

Answer: There was a twofold evil, the evil of sin, and the evil of punishment, both very great.

Question: What was the evil of sin?

Answer: A threefold evil of sin. FIRST, Against God, called disobedience; Romans 5:19. For as by one man's disobedience many were made sinners. SECONDLY, Against himself, soul, body, and estate. THIRDLY, Against his posterity; Romans 5:12. Wherefore as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin; and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned.

Question: What was the evil of punishment?

Answer: FIRST, Loss of God's image. SECONDLY, Horror of conscience. THIRDLY, Sorrow on the female gender. FOURTHLY, Curse on the creature. FIFTHLY, Expulsion from paradise. SIXTHLY, Death both of body and soul.

Question: What is the first instruction from it?

Answer: To take heed of small beginnings of temptations, and to resist it in the first motions; James 3:5. Behold how great a matter a little fire kindles.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: Not to hold a parley with the tempter; see 2 Corinthians 11:3. But I fear lest by any means, as the serpent beguiled Eve, through his subtlety, so your minds should be corrupted from the simplicity that is in Christ.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That Satan's policy lies much in the choice of his tempting instruments; as Eve and Peter, etc.

Question: What is the fourth inference?

Answer: A necessity of keeping strong guards on our senses; Isaiah 33:15. That stops his ears from hearing of blood, and shuts his eyes from seeing evil, he shall dwell on high, his place of defense shall be the munition of rocks.

Question: What is the fifth inference?

Answer: That covenant-breaking is a heinous sin, which God will punish; Hosea 8:1. He shall come as an eagle against the house of the Lord, because they have transgressed my covenant, and transgressed against my laws.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That the corruption of our nature is much seen in desiring forbidden things; Romans 7:7. What shall we say then? Is the law sin? God forbid; Nay, I had not known sin, but by the law; for I had not known lust, except the law had said, You shall not covet. Of the Fall of Adam, and ours in him


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: DID all mankind fall in Adam's first transgression?

Answer: The covenant being made with Adam, not only for himself, but for his posterity, all mankind descending from him by ordinary generation, sinned in him, and fell with him in his first transgression.

Question: Did no man ever escape the sin of Adam?

Answer: Yes, the man Christ Jesus did, and he only; Hebrews 7:26. For such an High Priest became us, who is holy, harmless, undefined, separate from sinners.

Question: Why was not Christ tainted with it?

Answer: Because he came into the world in an extraordinary way; Matthew 1:18. Now the birth of Jesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph, before they came together, she was found with child of the Holy Spirit.

Question: How does it appear all others are tainted with it?

Answer: It appears by scripture testimony, Romans 5:12. Wherefore as by one man sin entered into the world, and death by sin, and so death passed upon all men, for that all have sinned; and experience of the best men, Romans 7:21. I find then a law, that when I would do good, evil is present with me.

Question: How came all men to fall with Adam?

Answer: Because all were included in Adam's covenant, as a man's covenant includes his children before they be born, or the treason of the father affects his posterity.

Question: What infer you from hence?

Answer: The stupendous wisdom of God in sending Christ in our nature, and yet without the sin and taint of it; 1 Corinthians 1:24. Christ the wisdom of God.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: Hence we learn the admirable love of Christ in taking our nature, with all the sinless infirmities thereof; Romans 8:3. For what the law could not do, in that it was weak, through the flesh, God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: The necessity of our union with Christ, in order to our participation of his righteousness and redemption; 1 Corinthians 15:22. For as in Adam all die, so in Christ shall all be made alive.

Question: What is the fourth inference?

Answer: Hence we learn the malignant and mortal nature of sin, inasmuch as one sin defiled and destroyed a whole world.

Question: What is the fifth inference?

Answer: That though all be not equally sensible of their need, yet one sinner needs Christ as much as another.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That no man has any cause or reason to boast of the goodness, of his nature, since the best were by nature under the same sin and misery as the worst; Ephesians 2:3. Among whom also, we all had our conversation in times past, in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling the desires of the flesh, and of the mind, and were by nature the children of wrath even as others. Of Original Sin


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: INTO what estate did the fall bring mankind?

Answer: The fall brought mankind into a state of sin and misery.


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHEREIN consists the sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell?

Answer: The sinfulness of that estate whereinto man fell, consists in the guilt of Adam's first sin, the want of original righteousness, and the corruption of his whole nature, which is commonly called original sin, together with all actual transgressions which proceed from it.

Question: How many sorts of sins are all men under?

Answer: All men are guilty before God of two sorts of sin; of original, and of actual; Psalm 51:5. Behold I was shaped in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me. Ecclesiastes 7:20. For there is not a just man upon earth, that does good, and sins not.

Question: How can we be guilty of Adam's first sin?

Answer: We are guilty of it, because Adam sinned not only as a single, but also as a public person, and representative of all mankind: Romans 5:15, 16, 17. But not as the offence, so also is the free gift: for if through the offence of one many be dead; much more the grace of God, and the gift by grace, which is by one man, Jesus Christ, has abounded unto many: And not as it was by one that sinned, so is the gift; for the judgment was by one to condemnation.

Question: How else came we under his guilt?

Answer: We are guilty of his sin by generation; for we were in his loins, as treason stains the blood of the posterity, or parents leprosy the children: Psalm. 51:5. Behold, I was shaped in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me.

Question: Wherein does it consist?

Answer: It consists in two things. FIRST, In our aversion and enmity to that which is good; Romans 7:18. In me, that is, in my flesh, there dwells no good thing, SECONDLY, In proneness to that which is evil; Romans 7:14. But I am carnal, sold under sin.

Question: Is this corruption of nature in all men?

Answer: Yes; in all mere men, and women, none exempted; Rom 3:10 and 23. As it is written, there is none righteous, no not one for all have sinned, and come short of the glory of God.

Question: In what part of our nature does this sin abide?

Answer: It abides in the whole man, in every part of man, both soul and body; Genesis 6:5. God saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth, and that every imagination of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually; 1 Thessalonians 5:23. Now the God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit, and soul, and body, be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Question: How is the body infected by it?

Answer: In the readiness of the bodily members to further sin, and its temptations in the soul; Romans 3:13, 14, 15. Their throat is an open sepulcher, with their tongues they have used deceit, the poison of asps is under their lips, whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness, their feet are swift to shed blood.

Question: What learn we from original sin!

Answer: To bear patiently the miseries we see on our children, and their death also without murmuring; Romans 5:14. Nevertheless death reigned from Adam to Moses, even over them that had not sinned after the similitude of Adam's transgression.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: It teaches us humility, and should be matter of confession and humiliation, when we sin actually; Psalm 51:5. Behold I was shaped in iniquity, and in sin did my mother conceive me.

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: It should provoke parents to use their utmost diligence for the conversion of their children who draw sin from them.

Question: What is the last instruction?

Answer: It teaches us the necessity of regeneration, and should provoke us greatly to desire it. Of Man's Misery


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT is the misery of that estate whereinto man fell?

Answer: All mankind by their Jail lost communion with God, are under his wrath and curse; and so made liable to all the miseries in this life, to death itself, and to the pains of Hell forever.

Question: What communion had God with man before the fall?

Answer: Man that enjoyed the gracious presence and favor of God with him, which was better than life.

Question: How does it appear this was lost by the fall?

Answer: It appears by scripture-testimony, that Adam lost it as to himself; Genesis 3:8. And Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God, among the trees of the garden. And we in him; Ephesians 2:12. At that time you were without Christ, being aliens from the common-wealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenant of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world.

Question: Was this the only misery that came by the fall?

Answer: No; man did not only lose communion with God, but fell under his wrath and curse; Ephesians 2:3. And were by nature children of wrath, even as others.

Question: Does the wrath and curse of God then lie on all men?

Answer: It lies on all the unregenerate in the world; Galatians 3:10. Cursed is every one that continues not in all things which are written in the book of the law, to do them: But believers are delivered from it by Christ; 1 Thessalonians 1:10. Even Jesus, which delivered us from the wrath to come.

Question: How are the miseries of man by the fall divided?

Answer: They are divided into the miseries of this world, and of the World to come.

Question: What are the miseries that come on them in this world?

Answer: The miseries of life, as sickness, pain, poverty on the body; fear, trouble, sorrow on the mind, and at last death itself; Romans 6 ult. The wages of sin is death.

Question: What are the miseries after this life?

Answer: The pains and torments of Hell forever; Psalm 9:17. The wicked shall be turned into Hell.

Question: What are the torments of Hell?

Answer: Pain of loss and pain of sense; Matthew 25:41. Depart from me, you cursed into everlasting fire.

Question: What learn you from hence?

Answer: The woeful state of the unconverted; miserable here, and miserable to eternity.

Question: What else learn we hence?

Answer: The great salvation believers have by Christ from all this misery; Hebrews 2:3. How shall we escape, if we neglect so great salvation, which at the first began to be spoken by the Lord, and was confirmed unto us by them that heard him. Of the Salvation of God's Elect, and of the Covenant of Grace


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: DID God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?

Answer: God having out of his mere good pleasure, from all eternity, elected some to everlasting life, did enter into a covenant of grace, to deliver them out of the estate of sin and misery; and to bring them into an estate of salvation by a Redeemer.

Question: Are some persons chosen to salvation, and others left?

Answer: Yes: God has chosen some to salvation, and passed by others; as the Scriptures speak; See Romans 8:30. Moreover whom he did predestine, them he also called. And Jude 4. For there are certain men crept in unawares, who were before of old ordained to this condemnation, ungodly men, etc.

Question: Did God chose some, because he foresaw they would be better than others;

Answer: No: God's choice was not on foreseen works, but merely of his grace, and good pleasure of his will; Ephesians 1:5, 6. Having predestined us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will, to the praise of the glory of his grace.

Question: Is this election of God made in time, and that according as men use their free-will, or from eternity?

Answer: Election is an eternal act of God before the world was, and depends not on man's using his free-will; as appears from Ephesians 1:4, According as he has chosen us in him, before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy, and without blame before him in love.

Question: Shall all that are elected be called and saved?

Answer: Yes, the scripture is full and plain for it; Acts 13:48. And when the Gentiles heard this, they were glad, and glorified the word of the Lord; and as many as were ordained to eternal life believed. Romans 8:30. Moreover, whom he did predestine, them he also called, etc.

Question: By whom are the elect saved?

Answer: By Christ, the only Redeemer; Titus 3:4, 5, 6. But after that the kindness and love of God our Savior towards man appeared not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy, he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Spirit, which he shed on us abundantly through Jesus Christ our Savior.

Question: Is there no other way of salvation but by Christ?

Answer: No; no other way is revealed in scripture; Acts 4:12. Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is no other name under Heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.

Question: What learn you from God's election?

Answer: What cause we have to admire free-grace in our choice, who were no better than others; Ephesians 2:3. And were by nature children of wrath even as others.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: It teaches us humility; we made not ourselves to differ, but the free-grace of God made the difference; 1 Corinthians 4:7. For who makes you to differ from another?

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: It teaches us diligence to make our election sure to ourselves, by our calling; 2 Peter 1:10. Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and election sure.

Question: What is the fourth instruction?

Answer: It is matter of comfort to God's elect, amidst all dangers in the world; 2. Timothy 2:19. Nevertheless, the foundation of God stands sure, having this seal, The Lord knows them that are his. Of the Covenant of Grace


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHO is the Redeemer of God's elect?

Answer: The only Redeemer of God's elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man, and so teas, and continues to be God and man, in two distinct natures, and one person forever.

Question: What does the name Redeemer signify?

Answer: It signifies one that frees another out of captivity and bondage, as Christ did us; Matthew 20:28. And to give his life a ransom for many.

Question: What was the misery from which Christ delivered us?

Answer: A twofold misery, namely, Sin and Hell. FIRST, Sin; Matthew 1:21. You shall call his name JESUS, for he shall save his people from their sins. SECONDLY, Hell; 1 Thessalonians 1:10. Even Jesus, who delivered us from the wrath to come.

Question: How did Christ deliver us from this misery?

Answer: FIRST, by price. SECONDLY, By power. By price; 1 Peter 1:18, 19. You are not redeemed with silver and gold from your vain conversation, received by tradition from your fathers; but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish, and without spot. By power; Colossians 1:13. Who has delivered us from the power of darkness, and has translated us into the kingdom of his dear Son.

Question: When was the redemption wrought by Christ?

Answer: It was decreed from eternity; it was actually wrought on the cross; Colossians 1:20. And (having made peace through the blood of his cross) by him to reconcile all things unto himself, by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in Heaven.

Question: How then could they be redeemed that died before?

Answer: Though Christ's blood was actually shed after the Old Testament believers died: yet the virtue of Christ's death extends to them, as well as us; Hebrews 11:39, 40. And these all, having obtained a good report through faith, received not the promise, God having provided some better things for us, that they without us should not be made perfect.

Question: Why would not God deliver us without such a Redeemer?

Answer: Because it was not so much for the honor of his justice; Romans 3:25, 26. Whom God has set forth to be a atoning sacrifice through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God. To declare, I say, at this time, his righteousness, that he might be just and the justifier of him who believes in Jesus.

Question: What is the first instruction from hence?

Answer: That all that are out of Christ are in a miserable bondage and captivity; John 8:36. If the Son therefore shall make you free, you shall be free indeed.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: Hence see the heinous nature of sin, which required such a price to satisfy for it; 1 Peter 1:18, 19. We were not redeemed with corruptible things, as silver and gold, but with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish, and without spot.

Question: What is the third instruction from hence?

Answer: The wonderful love of Christ in redeeming us at such a rate; Revelation 1:5. Who loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood.

Question: What is the last instruction?

Answer: This strongly obliges us to a universal holiness; 1 Corinthians 6:20. For you are bought with a price; therefore glorify God in your body, and in your spirit, which are God's. Of Christ's Incarnation


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW did Christ, being the Son of God, become man?

Answer: Christ the Son of God became man by taking to himself a true body and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and born of her, yet without sin.

Question: Who is the only Redeemer of God's elect?

Answer: The Lord Jesus Christ is their only Redeemer, and there is no other Redeemer besides him; Acts 4:12. Neither is there salvation in any other; for there is none other name under Heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.

Question: How is he the Son of God, or can be, as no other is so?

Answer: He is the Son of God by nature, from all eternity, and so no angel or saint is; Hebrews 1:5. For unto which of the angels said he at any time, You are my Son, this day have I begotten you?

Question: Why was it necessary he should become man?

Answer: That he might be capable to suffer death in our room; Hebrews 2:15, 16, 17. For truly he took not on him the nature of angels, but he took on him the seed of Abraham; wherefore in all things it behooved him to be made like unto his brethren, that he might be a merciful and faithful high priest, in things pertaining to God, to make reconciliation for the sins of the people.

Question: Why must the Redeemer be God as well as man?

Answer: Because the blood of a mere man could not satisfy and redeem us; Acts 20:28. Feed the church of God, which he has purchased with his own blood.

Question: Do these two natures make two persons?

Answer: No, the human nature is united to the second person, and exists in union with it; John 1:14. And the word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father, full of grace and truth.

Question: Was the union only for a time?

Answer: No, it continues and abides forever; Hebrews 7:24. But this man, because he continues ever, has an unchangeable priesthood.

Question: What is the first instruction from hence?

Answer: Hence we learn the transcendent love of God to poor sinners; John 3:16. God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whoever believes on him should not perish, but have everlasting life.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: Hence we learn the matchless love of Christ, that he should stoop to such a condition for us; 2 Corinthians 8:9. For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that you through his poverty might be made rich.

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: That the greatest sins are capable of remission to believers; John 1:29. Behold the Lamb of God which takes away the sins of the world.

Question: What is the fourth instruction?

Answer: That those that be in Christ need not fear the denial or want of any other mercy; Romans 8:32. He who spared not his own Son, but delivered him up for us all; how shall he not with him also freely give us all things?

Question: What is the fifth instruction;

Answer: Hence we learn how impious it is to ascribe any part of the glory of redemption to any other besides Christ.

Question: What is the sixth instruction;

Answer: This teaches us the miserable condition of all that are out of Christ, and the necessity of their damnation, he being the only Redeemer. Of the Manner of Christ's Incarnation


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT offices does Christ execute as our Redeemer?

Answer: Christ, as our Redeemer, does execute the office of a prophet, of a priest, and of a king, both in his estate of humiliation and exaltation.

Question: What are the states and conditions of our Redeemer?

Answer: Christ's states are twofold; namely, his state of humiliation, and his state of exaltation; Philippians 2:8, 9. And being found in fashion as a man, he humbled himself, and became obedient unto death, even the death of the cross: Wherefore God also has highly exalted him, and given him a name above every name.

Question: How many offices belong to Christ in these states?

Answer: Christ has a threefold office; namely, of a prophet, of a priest, and of a king.

Question: Why does Christ take all these three offices?

Answer: Because they are all necessary for our salvation, and we have the benefit of them all; 1 Corinthians 1:30. Who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

Question: Can no man take Christ in one office, and not in another?

Answer: No; whoever will have the benefit of any one, must receive him in all; Acts 5:31. Him has God exalted with his right hand to be a Prince, and a Savior, for to give repentance unto Israel, and forgiveness of sins.

Question: What respect have the offices of Christ to the promises?

Answer: The promises flow out of them as out of their fountain; 2 Corinthians 1:20. For all the promises of God in him, are yes, and in him, Amen.

Question: What promises flow out of the prophetic office?

Answer: All promises of illumination, guidance, and direction flow out of Christ's prophetic office?

Question: What promises flow out of the priestly office?

Answer: All the promises of a pardon and peace flow out of it.

Question: What promises flow out of the kingly office?

Answer: All the promises of defense, protection, and deliverances.

Question: What is the first instruction?

Answer: Hence we learn the completeness of Christ for all the wants of his people; Colossians 2:10. And you are complete in him.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: Hence we learn the folly and misery of all those hypocrites that close partially with Christ.

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: Hence we learn the singular dignity of the Lord Jesus: None ever having had all those offices but Christ.

Question: What is the last instruction?

Answer: That faith is a considerate act; and requires much deliberation. Of Christ's Prophetic Office


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW does Christ execute the office of a prophet?

Answer: Christ executes the office of a prophet, in revealing to us by his word and Spirit, the will of God for our salvation.

Question: What does Christ's prophetic office imply?

Answer: It implies man's natural blindness and ignorance; 1 Corinthians 2:14. But the natural man receives not the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness unto him; neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.

Question: What else does it imply?

Answer: That Christ is the original and fountain of all that light which guides us to salvation; 2 Corinthians 4:6, 7. For God who commanded the light to shine out of darkness, has shined in our hearts, to give the light of the knowledge of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ.

Question: How does Christ teach men the will of God?

Answer: He does it by external revelation of it; Acts 3:22. For Moses truly said to the fathers, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me, him shall you hear, in all things, whatever he shall say unto you. And by internal illumination; Luke 24:45. Then opened he their understanding, that they might understand the scripture.

Question: What need then of man's ministry?

Answer: Very much; for Christ has instituted ministers as instruments, by whom he will teach us; Ephesians 4:11, 12. And he gave some apostles, and some prophets, and some evangelists and some pastors, and teachers, for the perfecting of the saints, for the work of the ministry, for the edifying of the body of Christ. Acts 26:18. To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God, that they may receive forgiveness of sins.

Question: Can no man savingly know the will of God without the teachings of Christ?

Answer: No; though common knowledge may be obtained in a natural way, yet not saving; Matthew 11:25. At that time Jesus answered, and said, I thank you, O Father, Lord, of Heaven and earth, because you have hidden these things from the wise and prudent, and have revealed them unto babes.

Question: How appears it that Christ is appointed to this offiice?

Answer: We have the written word for it; Acts 3:22. For Moses truly said unto the fathers, A prophet shall the Lord your God raise up unto you of your brethren, like unto me, him shall you hear in all things, whatever he shall say unto you.

Question: What is the first instruction from hence?

Answer: None need be discouraged at their natural weakness, if Christ be their teacher; Matthew 11:25. At that time Jesus answered and said, I thank you, O Father, Lord of Heaven and earth, because you have hidden these things from the wise and prudent, and have revealed them unto babes. Psalm. 19:7. The testimonies of the Lord are sure, making wise the simple.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: That it is a dreadful judgment to be spiritually blinded under the gospel; 2 Corinthians 4:3, 4. But if our gospel be hiden, it is hidden to them that are lost; in whom the God of this world has blinded the minds of them which believe not, lest the light of the glorious gospel of Christ, who is the image of God, should shine unto them.

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: That prayer is the best expedient to obtain saving knowledge; James 1:5. If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, that gives to all men liberally, and upbraids not; and it shall be given him.

Question: What is the last instruction?

Answer: Learn hence the transcendent excellency of the knowledge of Christ above all other knowledge; Philippians 3:8. Yes, doubtless, I count all things but loss, for the excellency of the knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord. Of Christ's Priesthood


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW does Christ execute the office of a priest?

Answer: Christ executes the office of a priest, in his once offering up of himself a sacrifice to satisfy divine justice, and reconcile us to God, and in making continual intercession for us.

Question: What is the priesthood of Christ in general?

Answer: It is his expiation of our sins by the sacrifice of himself, and obtaining God's favor for us; Colossians 1:20. And (having made peace through the blood of his cross) by him to reconcile all things unto himself; by him, I say, whether they be things in earth, or things in Heaven.

Question: What are the parts of Christ's priestly office?

Answer: It has two parts. FIRST, Oblation, or offering of himself; Hebrews 9:14. How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your consciences from dead works, to serve the living God? SECONDLY, Intercession for us; Hebrews 7:25. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost, that come unto God by him, seeing he ever lives to make intercession for them.

Question: What is the end of Christ's oblation?

Answer: The end of it, as to God, was to satisfy his incensed justice; Romans 3:25. Whom God has set forth to be a atoning sacrifice , through faith in his blood, to declare his righteousness for the remission of sins that are past, through the forbearance of God. And as to men, to put away their sins; Hebrews 9:26. For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world; but how once in the end of the world, has he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.

Question: What is the first difference between Christ and other priests?

Answer: Other priests offered the blood of beasts; Christ his own blood; Hebrews 9:12. Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, he entered once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.

Question: What is the second difference?

Answer: They offered many sacrifices; Christ perfected all by one offering, Hebrews 10:14. For by one offering he has perfected forever them that are sanctified.

Question: What was the sacrifice Christ offered to God?

Answer: His body; Hebrews 10:10. By the which will we are sanctified, through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all. And his soul; Isaiah 53:10. When you shall make his soul an offering for sin.

Question: Whence is the efficacy of this sacrifice?

Answer: From the divine Person to whom that soul and body was united; Acts 15:28. Feed the church of God, which he has purchased with his own blood.

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: That believers are discharged by Christ from all their sins and debts; Acts 13:39. And by him, all that believe are justified from all things.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That it is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of an absolute God; Luke 23:31. For if they do these things in a green tree, what shall be done in the dry?

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That it is impossible for man to satisfy God for his own sins; Psalm 130:3. If you, Lord, should mark iniquities, O Lord, who shall stand?

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That the Christian religion only settles the conscience in peace; Hebrews 9:14. How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your consciences from dead works to serve the living God? Of Christ's Kingly Office


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW does Christ execute the office of a king?

Answer: Christ executes the office of a king, in subduing us to himself, in ruling and defending us, and in restraining and conquering all his and our enemies.

Question: How manifold is Christ's kingdom?

Answer: Twofold. FIRST, Internal in men's souls; Luke 17:21. Behold, the kingdom of God is within you. SECONDLY, External, over all the world; Ephesians 1:22. And has put all things under his feet, and gave him to be Head over all things to the church.

Question: What is the end of Christ's providential kingdom?

Answer: The good and salvation of the church; John 17:2. As you have given him power over all flesh, that he should give eternal life to as many as you have given him.

Question: Wherein does he exercise his kingly power?

Answer: In restraining his, and his people's enemies; Psalm 76:10. Surely the wrath of man shall praise you; the remainder of wrath shall you restrain.

Question: How else is it exercised?

Answer: In protecting his church amidst all enemies; Exodus 3:3. And Moses said, I will now turn aside, and see this great sight, why the bush is not burnt.

Question: What instruments does Christ use?

Answer: Angels are ministering spirits to him; Hebrews 1:14. Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation; And men, yes, the worst of men; Revelation 12:16. And the earth helped the woman, and the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed up the flood which the dragon cast out of his mouth.

Question: In what manner does Christ rule the world?

Answer: By supreme power; Revelation 19:16. He has on his vesture, and on his thigh a name written, King of kings, and Lord of lords. And perfect wisdom; Ephesians 1:11. In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things after the counsel of his own will.

Question: What learn we from hence?

Answer: That the church is saved amidst all dangers; Jeremiah 30:11. For I am with you, says the Lord, to save you; though I make a full end of all nations, where I have scattered you, yet will I not make a full end of you.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: That the godly may safely trust to Christ's care; 2 Chronicles 16:9. For the eyes of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to show himself strong in the behalf of them whose heart is perfect towards him.

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: That all plots against the church shall surely be defeated; Isaiah 54:17. No weapon that is formed against you shall prosper.

Question: What is the fourth instruction?

Answer: It gives the saints full satisfaction in all conditions; Romans 8:28. And we know that all things work together, for good to them that love God, to them that are the called according to his purpose.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: We should not stand in a slavish fear of men; Isaiah 51:12. I, even I am he who comforts you; who are you, that you should be afraid of a man that shall die, and of the son of man, which shall be made as grass. Of Christ's Humiliation


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHEREIN did Christ's humiliation consist?

Answer: Christ's humiliation consisted in his being born, and that in a low condition, made under the law, undergoing the miseries of this life' the wrath of God, and the cursed death of the cross; in being buried, and continuing under the power of death for a time.

Question: What does Christ's humbling of himself import?

Answer: His voluntariness in the deepest point of self-denial? Psalm 40:7. Then said I, Lo, I come; in the volume of the book it is written of me.

Question: What was the first act of Christ's humiliation?

Answer: His taking man's nature on him, with all its sinless infirmities; Romans 8:3. God sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin condemned sin in the flesh.

Question: What is the second part of his humiliation?

Answer: That mean life he lived in this world, which obscured, his divine glory? Mark 6:3. Is not this the carpenter, the son of Mary?

Question: What was the first thing in Christ's life that humbled him?

Answer: The poverty of it; Matthew 7:20. And Jesus says unto him, the foxes have holes, and the birds of the air have nests; but the Son of man has not where to lay his head.

Question: What was the second thing in his life that humbled him?

Answer: The temptations of Satan, to which he was subject; Matthew 4:1. Then was Jesus led up of the Spirit into the wilderness, to be tempted of the devil, and that for our sakes. Hebrews 2:17. Wherefore in all things it behooved him to be made like unto his brethren, verse 18. For in that he himself has suffered, being tempted, he is able to support them that are tempted.

Question: What was the third thing in Christ's life that humbled him?

Answer: His subjection to the law; Galatians 1:4. But when the fullness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law.

Question: What was the fourth thing in Christ's life that humbled him?

Answer: The revilings and contradictions of sinners; Hebrews 12:3. For consider him that endures such contradiction of sinners against himself.

Question: Wherein was Christ humbled in his death?

Answer: His death was painful and ignominious; Galatians 3:13. Christ has redeemed us from the curse of the law, being made a curse for us: For it is written, cursed is every one that hangs on a tree. Made a curse for us, and deserted in it; Matthew 27:46. And about the ninth hour, Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani; that is to say, My God, My God, why have you forsaken me?

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: That lowliness and humility becomes Christ's followers; Matthew 11:29. Take my yoke upon you, and learn of me, for I am meek and lowly in heart.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That Christ's love to sinners is astonishingly great; 2 Corinthians 8:9. For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that though he was rich, yet for our sakes he became poor, that you through his poverty might be made rich.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: Christians should be ready to suffer for Christ; 1 Peter 4:1. Forasmuch as Christ has suffered for us in the flesh, arm yourselves likewise with the same mind: for he who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That humiliation is the true way to exaltation; Matthew 23:12. And whoever shall exalt himself, shall be abased; and he who shall humble himself, shall be exalted. Of Christ's Exaltation


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHEREIN consists Christ's exaltation?

Answer: Christ's exaltation consists in his rising again from the dead on the third day; in ascending up into Heaven, in sitting at the right hand of God the Father, and in coming to judge the world at the last day.

Question: What is the first step of Christ's exaltation?

Answer: His resurrection from the dead.

Question: How does his resurrection appear?

Answer: By the scripture prophecies accomplished in him; 1 Corinthians 15:4. And that he was buried, and that he rose again the third day, according to the scriptures.

Question: Why did Christ rise again?

Answer: To establish our faith, and abolish our sins; 1 Corinthians 15:17. And if Christ be not risen, your faith is vain; you are yet in your sins.

Question: What other end was there of Christ's resurrection?

Answer: To declare his divine power; Romans 1:4 and declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the Spirit of holiness, by the resurrection from the dead. And to evidence the fullness of his satisfaction; John 16:10. Of righteousness, because I go to my Father, and you see me no more.

Question: Did Christ rise in the same body he laid down?

Answer: It was substantially the same; John 20:27. Then says he to Thomas, Reach hither your finger, and behold my hands; and reach hither your hand, and thrust it into my side, and be not faithless, but believing.

Question: What does Christ's resurrection teach us?

Answer: The certainty of our resurrection after death; 1 Corinthians 15:20. But now is Christ risen from the dead, and become the first fruits of them that slept.

Question: What is the second step of Christ's exaltation?

Answer: His ascension after forty days into Heaven; Acts 1:2, 3. Until the day in which he was taken up, after that he through the Holy Spirit, had given commandment unto the apostles, whom he had chosen: To whom also he showed himself alive after his passion, by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God.

Question: Why did Christ stay so long on earth?

Answer: To assure the truth of his resurrection, and to settle the due government of his church, Acts 1:2, 3.

Question: For what end did he ascend?

Answer: To take possession of his glory; John 17:5. And now, Question Father, glorify you me with your own self, with the glory which I had with you before the world was. And that as our fore-runner, Hebrews 6:20. Where the Fore-runner is for us entered, even Jesus, etc.

Question: In what manner did Christ ascend?

Answer: Triumphantly, and magnificently; Psalm 47:5. God is gone up with a shout, the Lord with the sound of a trumpet.

Question: What does his ascension teach us?

Answer: Heavenly-mindedness; Colossians 3:1, 2. If you then be risen with Christ, seek those things which are above, where Christ sits at the right-hand of God; set your affections on things above, and not on things on the earth. And an encouragement in our Christian race; Hebrews 12:1, 2. Wherefore, seeing we also are compassed about with so great a cloud of witnesses, let us lay aside every weight, and the sin which does so easily beset us, and let us run with patience the race that is set before us, looking unto Jesus the author and finisher of our faith; who for the joy that was set before him, endured the cross, despising the shame, and is set down at the right-hand of the throne of God.


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW are we made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ?

Answer: We are made partakers of the redemption purchased by Christ, by the effectual application of it to us by his Holy Spirit.

Question: What did our redemption cost Christ?

Answer: It cost him his own blood to obtain it; Hebrews 9:12. Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.

Question: Can none have the benefit of it, except it be applied to them?

Answer: No, if Christ be not applied, we cannot be saved; John 1:12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name.

Question: Whose work or office is it to apply Christ to us?

Answer: It is the office and work of God's Spirit; Titus 3:4, 5. But after that the kindness and love of God our Savior towards man appeared, not by works of righteousness which we have done, but according to his mercy he saved us, by the washing of regeneration, and renewing of the Holy Spirit.

Question: What means does the Spirit use in applying Christ?

Answer: The external means he makes use of, is the ministry of the gospel; 1 Corinthians 3:5. Who then is Paul, and who is Apollos, but ministers by whom you believed?

Question: Is this sufficient of itself?

Answer: No, the blessing and power of the Spirit must accompany it, or Christ cannot be applied; 1 Thessalonians 1:5, 6. For our gospel came not unto you in word only, but also in power, and in the Holy Spirit, and in much assurance, as you know what manner of men we were among you for your sake. And you became followers of us, and of the Lord, having received the word in much affliction, with joy of the Holy Spirit.

Question: To whom does the Spirit apply Christ?

Answer: To those that were given him of the Father before the world was; Acts 13:48. And as many as were ordained to eternal life believed. John 14:17. Even the Spirit of truth, whom the world cannot receive, because it sees him not, neither knows him; but you know him, for he dwells with you, and shall be in you.

Question: Is the application of Christ to a soul finished at once?

Answer: Though the first act of faith unites the soul to Christ, yet it is a continued act; 1 Peter 2:4. To whom coming, as unto a living stone.

Question: What learn we from hence?

Answer: What a destitute thing the soul is that is out of Christ; Revelation 3:18. Because you say I am rich, and increased with goods, and have need of nothing; and know not that you are wretched and miserable, and poor, and blind, and naked.

Question: What else does it teach us?

Answer: The riches and dignity of believers. Christ and all his purchases are theirs; 1 Corinthians 3:22, 23. Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life, or death, or things present, or things to come; all are yours, and you are Christ's, and Christ is God's.

Question: What else does it teach us?

Answer: The righteousness of God in the destruction of all unbelievers; John 5:40. Mark 16:16. He who believes, and is baptized, shall be saved; but he who believes not shall be damned. Of our Union with Christ


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: HOW does the Spirit apply to us the redemption purchased by Christ?

Answer: By working faith in us, and thereby uniting us to Christ in our effectual calling.

Question: Can none have saving benefit by Christ, but such as are united to him?

Answer: No, for as Adam's sin could not hurt us, except we had been in him; so Christ's redemption cannot profit us, except we are in him; 1 Corinthians 1:30. But of him are you in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, and righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

Question: What are the bonds of this union?

Answer: The Spirit on God's part; 1 John 3:24. And he who keeps his commandments, dwells in him, and he in him; and hereby we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit which he has given us. And faith on our part: Ephesians 3:17. That Christ may dwell in your hearts by faith.

Question: What is the first property of this union?

Answer: It is an intimate union; Ephesians 5:30. For we are members of his body, of his flesh, and of his bones.

Question: What is the second property?

Answer: It is a union never to be dissolved; Romans 8:35, 38. Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation, or distress, or persecution, famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword? For I am persuaded, that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers, nor things present, nor things to come, nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Question: What is the third property of this union?

Answer: It makes Christ, and all that he has purchased, become ours; 1 Corinthians 3:22, 23. All are yours, and you are Christ's; and Christ is God's.

Question: What is the fourth property of this union?

Answer: It is the foundation and root of all our spiritual and acceptable obedience; John 15:4. Abide in me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, except it abide in the vine; no more can you, except you abide in me.

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: That saving grace in the saints is immortal, being secured to them in and by Christ; Colossians 3:3. Your life is hidden with Christ in God.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That the relation between Christ and believers is very near and intimate; Ephesians 5:30. For we are members of his body, of his, flesh, and of his bones.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That believers need not be afraid to go down to the grave; Romans 8:38, 39. For I am persuaded, that neither death nor life,-nor any other creature shall be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord. And this union holds after death; Matthew 22:31, 32. But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have you not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying, I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but the God of the living.

Question: What is the fourth inference?

Answer: That in wronging and persecuting the saints, men wrong and persecute Christ himself; Acts 9:4. And he fell to the earth, and heard a voice saying unto him, Saul, Saul, why persecute you me?

Question: What is the fifth inference?

Answer: That in relieving and refreshing the saints, we relieve and refresh Christ himself; Matthew 25:35, 36. For I was an hungered, and you gave me meat; and I was thirsty, and you gave me drink; I. was a stranger, and you took me in; naked, and you clothed me; I was sick, and you visited me; I was in prison, and you came unto me. Verse 40. Inasmuch as you have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, you have done it unto me.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That there is a sympathy in Christ, under all the pressures and grievances of his people; Hebrews 4:15. We have not an high priest which cannot be touched with the feeling of our infirmities, but was in all points tempted like as we are, yet without sin. Of Effectual Calling


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT is effectual calling?

Answer: Effectual calling is the work of God's Spirit, whereby convincing us of our sin and misery, enlightening our minds in the knowledge of Christ, and renewing our wills, he does persuade and enable us to embrace Jesus Christ, freely offered to us in the gospel.

Question: What makes the difference between effectual and ineffectual calling?

Answer: Ineffectual calling is, when men have nothing but the external sound of the gospel; Matthew 20:16. For many be called, but few chosen. Effectual is, when the Spirit works in conjunction with the word; John 6:45. It is written in the prophets, And they shall be all taught of God; every man therefore that has heard, and has learned of the Father, comes unto me.

Question: What is the first act of the Spirit in effectual calling?

Answer: Conviction of sin; John 16:8. And when he is come, he will reprove the world of sin.

Question: Do the called of God hear any voice from Heaven?

Answer: Ordinarily it is a call without sound, yet as efficacious as an audible voice from Heaven.

Question: What is the second act of the Spirit in our effectual calling?

Answer: The illumination of the mind in the knowledge of Christ; Acts 26:18. To open their eyes, and to turn them from darkness to light, and from the power of Satan unto God.

Question: In what things does it enlighten them?

Answer: In this; That Christ is their only remedy; Acts 4:12. Neither is there salvation in any other; for there is none other name under Heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved. And their all-sufficient remedy; Hebrews 7:25. Wherefore he is able also to save them to the uttermost that come unto God by him.

Question: What is the third act?

Answer: His renewing of the sinner's will, and making it flexible; Psalm 110:3. Your people shall be willing in the day of your power. Ezekiel 36:26. A new heart also will I give you, and a new spirit will I put within you, and I will take away the stony heart out of your flesh, and I will give you an heart of flesh.

Question: Can no man come to Christ until thus enabled?

Answer: No; it is not in the power of man's nature or will, until thus renewed and enabled; Ephesians 1:19, 20. And what is the exceeding greatness of his power to us-ward, who believe, according to the working of his mighty power, which he wrought in Christ, when he raised him from the dead, and set him on his own right-hand in the heavenly places. John 6:44. No man can come to me except the Father, which has sent me, draw him.

Question: What sort of men are most ordinarily called?

Answer: The poor and mean ones in the world; 1 Corinthians 1:26. For you see your calling, brethren, how that not many wise men after the flesh, not many mighty, not many noble, are called; but God has chosen the foolish things of the world to confound the wise; and God has chosen the weak things of the world to confound the things which are mighty.

Question: What is the first instruction from it?

Answer: Souls effectually called are never lost; Romans 11:29. For the gifts and calling of God are without repentance.

Question: What is the second instruction?

Answer: All things co-operate to their good; Romans 8:28. For we know that all things work together for good to them that love God, to them who are called according to his purpose.

Question: What is the third instruction?

Answer: It is dangerous to refuse God's call; Proverbs 1:24. Because I have called, and you have refused, I have stretched out my hand, and no man regarded.

Question: What is the last instruction?

Answer: That Christians are obliged to walk suitably to their heavenly calling; 1 Thessalonians 2:12. That you would walk worthy of God, who has called you into his kingdom and glory. Of the Concomitants of Effectual Calling


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT benefits do they that are effectually called partake of in this life?

Answer: They that are effectually called do in this life partake of justification, adoption, and sanctification, and the several benefits which in this life do either accompany or flow from them.

Question: Are all that be effectually called, justified?

Answer: Yes; God justifies all, and every soul that obeys and answers his call; Romans 8:30. Whom he called, them he also justified.

Question: What other benefits have the called in this life?

Answer: They are all the adopted children of God; Ephesians 1:5. Having predestined us unto the adoption of children, by Jesus Christ, unto himself, according to the good pleasure of his will.

Question: Are those all the benefits the called receive?

Answer: No; they are not only justified and adopted, but also sanctified; 1 Corinthians 1:30. But of him are you in Christ Jesus, who of God is made unto us wisdom, righteousness, and sanctification, and redemption.

Question: Do these three blessings come singly to the called?

Answer: No; they are all accompanied with multitudes of other blessings flowing from them; Ephesians 1:3. Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who has blessed us with all spiritual blessings, in heavenly places in Christ.

Question: What are the mercies flowing from justification?

Answer: They are great and manifold; Romans 5:1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.

Question: What are the benefits flowing from adoption?

Answer: Free access to God; Ephesians 3:12. In whom we have boldness and access with confidence by the faith of him. And a title to Heaven; Romans 8:17. If children, then heirs.

Question: What blessings accompany sanctification?

Answer: Union with Christ; Hebrews 2:11. For both he who sanctifies, and those who are sanctified, are all of one. And right to the inheritance; Acts 20:32. And now, brethren, I commend you to God, and to the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, and to give you an inheritance among all them which are sanctified.

Question: What is the first lesson from hence?

Answer: That they are enemies to their own souls, who obey not the gospel call; 2 Thessalonians 1:8. In flaming fire, taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Question: What is the second lesson from hence?

Answer: That the estate of believers abounds with spiritual privileges; 1 Corinthians 3:22, 23. Whether Paul, or Apollos, or Cephas, or the world, or life or death, or things present, or things to come, all are yours, and you are Christ's, and Christ is God's.

Question: What is the third lesson from hence?

Answer: That all the believer's privileges are not in hope, but some in hand; 1 John 3:1. Behold what manner of love the Father has bestowed upon us, that we should be called the sons of God.

Question: What is the fourth lesson from hence?

Answer: The greatest sufferers for Christ have no reason to repent their call; Romans 8:18. For I reckon, that the sufferings of this present. time are not worthy to be compared with the glory that shall be revealed in us.

Question: What is the last lesson from hence?

Answer: That we have infinite reason to bless God for the gospel, by which we are called; 2 Thessalonians 2:14. Whereunto he called you by our gospel. Of Justification


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT is justification?

Answer: Justification is an act of God's free grace, wherein he pardons all our sins, and accepts us as righteous in his sight, only for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone.

Question: What are the parts of justification?

Answer: It consists of two parts. FIRST, The pardon of sin; Acts 13:39. And by him all that believe are justified from all things, from which you could not be justified by the law of Moses. SECONDLY, The acceptance of our persons as righteous; Romans 5:1, 2, 3. Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God, through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.

Question: Whose act is it to justify sinners?

Answer: It is the act of God alone; Romans 8:33. It is God that justifies. Man's justifying of himself is nothing: Luke 16:15. And he said unto them, You are they which justify yourselves before men, but God knows your hearts; for that which is highly esteemed among men, is abomination in the sight of God. Nor other men's justifying of us; Revelation 3:1. I know your works, that you have a name to live, and are dead.

Question: Is there anything in man to merit his justification?

Answer: No; it is an act of free grace in God; Romans 3:24. Being justified freely by his grace, through the redemption which is in Jesus Christ.

Question: If it be not for any inherent righteousness; how then?

Answer: It is for the righteousness of Christ imputed to us; Romans 4:6. Even as David also describes the blessedness of the man unto whom God imputes righteousness without works.

Question: How is Christ's righteousness made ours?

Answer: By application of it to us by faith; Galatians 2:16. Knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the law, but by the faith of Jesus Christ, even we have believed in Jesus Christ, that we might be justified by faith in Christ, and not by the works of the law; for by the works of the law shall no flesh be justified.

Question: Is it not partly by Christ's righteousness made ours, and partly our own?

Answer: No; by Christ's righteousness, without any mixture of ours; Romans 3:28. Therefore we conclude, that a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law.

Question: But does not James say otherwise, James 2:14. What does it profit, my brethren, though a man say he has faith and have not works; Can faith save him?

Answer: The two apostles contradict not one another; Paul speaks of justification before God; and James of justifying our faith before men.

Question: Is no regard then to be had to good works?

Answer: Yes, very great; they that believe must be careful to maintain good works; Titus 3:8. That they which have believed in God might be careful to maintain good works. These things are good and profitable unto men.

Question: Why can none be justified by works?

Answer: Because all are guilty before God; Romans 3:29. Is he the God of the Jews only? Is he not also of the Gentiles? Yes, of the Gentiles also. And the law curses all that are under guilt; Galatians 3:10. Cursed is every one that continues not in all things which are written in the book of the law to do them.

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: The happy state of believers who are now at peace with God; Romans 5:1. Therefore being justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ. And whom he justifies he glorificth. Romans 8:30. Whom he justified, them he also glorified.

Question: What is the second inference from hence?

Answer: The excellency and necessity of faith; Romans 3:30. The circumcision is justified by faith, and the uncircumcision through faith.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That the greatness of sin is no bar to faith, since it is the righteousness of Christ that justifies; 2 Corinthians 5:21. For he has made him to be sin for us, who knew no sin, that we may be made the righteousness of God in him.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: That believers ought to be exceeding humble, and far from boasting. The law of faith excludes boasting; Romans 3:27. Where is boasting then? It is excluded: By what law? of works? nay, but by the law of faith. Of Adoption


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT is adoption?

Answer: Adoption is an act of God's free grace, whereby we are received into the number, and have a right to all the privileges of the sons of God.

Question: How many sorts of sons are there?

Answer: There is one by generation, and another by adoption; John 1:12, 13. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God, even to them that believe in his name; which were born, not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God.

Question: What moves God to adopt any man?

Answer: Nothing but his free love; 1 John 3:1. Behold what manner of love the Father has bestowed on us, that we should be called the sons of God.

Question: Is this privilege common to all men?

Answer: No; it is peculiar to them that receive him; John 1:12. But as many as received him, to them gave he power to become the sons of God.

Question: What is the first property of adoption?

Answer: It is a costly relation; Galatians 4:4. When the fullness of time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law, to redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

Question: What is the second property of adoption?

Answer: It is an high and honorable relation; 1 John 3:1. Behold what manner of love the Father has bestowed on us, that we should be called the sons of God.

Question: What is the third property of adoption?

Answer: It is a free relation on God's part; Ephesians 1:4, 5. According as he has chosen us in him before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before him in love. Having predestined us unto the adoption of children, by Jesus Christ to himself, according to the good pleasure of his will. And it makes us free; John 8:36. If the Son therefore shall make you free, you shall be free indeed.

Question: What is the fourth property of adoption?

Answer: It is a permanent relation; John 8:35. The Son abides in the house forever.

Question: What is the first privilege of the adoption?

Answer: They have a saving interest in God, as children in a father; 2 Corinthians 6:18. And I will be a Father unto you, and you shall be my sons and daughters, says the Lord Almighty.

Question: What is the second privilege?

Answer: Being God's sons, they are heirs of God, and joint heirs with Christ; Romans 8:17. And if children, then heirs, heirs of God, and joint heirs with Christ.

Question: What was the third privilege?

Answer: Seasonable and sanctified afflictions; Hebrews 12:6. He scourges every son whom he receives.

Question: What is the fourth privilege?

Answer: The attendance and ministry of angels; Hebrews 1:14. Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation?

Question: What is the fifth privilege?

Answer: The assistance of the Spirit in prayer; Romans 8:15. For we have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear, but you have received the Spirit of adoption, whereby we cry, Abba, Father. And God's audience of their prayers; 1 John 5:14. And this is the confidence that we have in him, That if we ask anything according to his will, he hears us.

Question: What use should we make of this?

Answer: It teaches us to carry ourselves as children to our heavenly Father. FIRST, In our imitation of him; Ephesians 5:1. be therefore followers of God, as dear children. SECONDLY, In our submission to him; Hebrews 12:9. Furthermore, we have had fathers of our flesh, who corrected us, and we gave them reverence; shall we not much rather be in subjection to the Father of spirits, and live? THIRDLY, In our dependence on him; Matthew 5:32. For your heavenly Father knows that you have need of all these things. Of Sanctification


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT is sanctification?

Answer: Sanctification is the work of God's free grace, whereby we are renewed in the whole man after the image of God, and are enabled more and more to die unto sin, and live unto righteousness.

Question: What are the parts of sanctification?

Answer: Dying unto sin, and living unto God; Romans 6:11. Likewise reckon you also yourselves to be dead indeed unto sin, but alive unto God, through Jesus Christ our Lord.

Question: Who is the Author of sanctification?

Answer: God only; Jude verse 1. To them that are sanctified by God the Father.

Question: What is the instrument of it?

Answer: The word of God; John 17:17. sanctify them through your truth; your word is truth.

Question: What part of man is sanctified?

Answer: Every part, both of soul and body; 1 Thessalonians 5:23. And the very God of peace sanctify you wholly; and I pray God your whole spirit, soul, and body be preserved blameless unto the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.

Question: Is sanctification perfected at once?

Answer: No; but by degrees; 2 Peter 3:18. But grow in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.

Question: When will it be made perfect?

Answer: When we come to Heaven, and not before; 1 Corinthians 13:10, 11. But when that which is perfect is come, then that which is in part shall be done away.

Question: What are the signs of true sanctification?

Answer: When it runs into all parts of our conversation; 1 Peter 1:15. But as he which has called you is holy, so be holy in all manner of conversation. SECONDLY, And continues to the end; Revelation 22:11. Let him that is holy be holy still.

Question: What is the inseparable companion of sanctification?

Answer: Righteousness towards men; Luke 1:74, 75. That he would grant unto us, that we being delivered out of the hands of our enemies, might serve him without fear, in holiness, and righteousness before him all the days of our life.

Question: What is opposite to sanctification?

Answer: All filthiness of flesh and spirit; 2 Corinthians 7:1. Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of flesh and spirit.

Question: What is the privilege of the sanctified?

Answer: They are all elected, and shall be glorified; 1 Peter 1:2, 4. Elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, through sanctification of the Spirit-to an inheritance incorruptible and undefiled, and that fades not away, reserved in Heaven for you.

Question: What is the case of them who live and die unsanctified?

Answer: They shall never see God; Hebrews 12:14. Follow peace with all men, and holiness; without which no man shall see the Lord.

Question: What differences true from pretended sanctification?

Answer: True sanctification purges the heart from the love of sin; Romans 7:15. For that which I do, I allow not. And the life from the dominion of sin; Romans 6:19. As you have yielded your members servants to impurity, and to iniquity unto iniquity; even so now yield your members servants to righteousness, unto holiness.

Question: May great sinners be sanctified?

Answer: Yes; the Spirit of God can sanctify the vilest heart; 1 Corinthians 6:11. And such were some of you; but you are washed, but you are sanctified. Of Assurance, the Fruit of Justification


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT are the benefits which in this life do either accompany or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification?

Answer: The benefits which in this life do either accompany, or flow from justification, adoption, and sanctification, are assurance of God's love, peace of conscience, joy in the Holy Spirit, increase of grace, and perseverance therein to the end.

Question: Is assurance possible to be attained in this life?

Answer: Yes; for some have had it; Canticles 6:3. I am my beloved's, and my beloved is mine. And all Christians are commanded to strive for it; 2 Peter 1:10. Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence, to make your calling and election sure.

Question: How many sorts of assurance are there?

Answer: There is an objective assurance; 2 Timothy 2:19. Nevertheless, the foundation of God stands sure, having this seal, The Lord knows them that are his. And a subjective or personal assurance; Galatians 2:20. Who loved me, and gave himself for me.

Question: Is personal assurance perfect in this life?

Answer: No; It admits of doubts and fears, which interrupts it, and it is not always at one height; 1 Corinthians 13:10. When that which is perfect is come, then that which is in part shall be done away.

Question: On what testimony is personal assurance built?

Answer: Upon the testimony of God's Spirit witnessing with ours; Romans 8:16. The Spirit itself bears witness with our spirit, that are the children of God.

Question: Does the Spirit make use of signs in us to assure us?

Answer: Yes; ordinarily he does; 1 John 3:14. We know that we are passed from death to life, because we love the brethren. And verse 24. Hereby we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit which he has given us.

Question: How is true assurance discerned from presumption?

Answer: True assurance humbles the soul; Galatians 2:20. I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live: yet not I, but Christ lives in me. And makes the soul afraid of sin; 2 Corinthians 7:1. Having therefore these promises, dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit, perfecting holiness in the fear of God.

Question: What is the usual season of assurance?

Answer: The time of greatest sufferings for Christ; 1 Peter 4:14. If you be reproached for the name of Christ, happy are you; for the Spirit of glory and of God rests upon you.

Question: Is personal assurance absolutely necessary to salvation?

Answer: No; a man may be saved, and in Christ, without it; Isaiah 50:10. Who is among you that fears the Lord, that obeys the voice of his servant, that walks in darkness, and has no light? Let him trust in the name of the Lord, and stay upon his God.

Question: What is the fruit of assurance?

Answer: Joy unspeakable amidst outward troubles; Romans 5:11. And not only so, but we also joy in God, through our Lord Jesus Christ, by whom we have now received the atonement.

Question: What sins usually eclipse our assurance?

Answer: Negligence in duty starves it; 2 Peter 1:10. Give diligence to make your calling and election sure: For if you do these things you shall never fall. And sinning against light, stabs it; Psalm 51:8. Make me to hear joy and gladness; that the bones which you have broken may rejoice.

Question: What is the first inference from this doctrine?

Answer: That no unregenerate person can have any assurance; for it is the fruit of justification, adoption, and sanctification.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That all the joys of Heaven are not to come; but some communicated in this life; 1 Peter 1:8. Whom having not seen you love; in whom though now you see him not, yet believing, you rejoice with joy unspeakable, and full of glory.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That assured believers need to be circumspect persons, that they grieve not the Spirit; Ephesians 4:30. And grieve not the holy Spirit of God, whereby you are sealed unto the day of redemption. Of Peace of Conscience


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT benefits do believers receive from Christ at their death?

Answer: The souls of believers are at their death made perfect in holiness, and do immediately pass into glory; and their bodies being still united to Christ, do rest in their graves until the resurrection.

Question: What is the state of perfect holiness?

Answer: It consists in a perfect freedom from sin, or the least inclinations to sin; Ephesians 5:27. That he might present it to himself a glorious church, not having spot or wrinkle, or any such thing; but that it should be holy and without blemish.

Question: Wherein else does perfection consist?

Answer: It consists in the attainment of the highest measures and degrees of holiness the creature is capable of; Ephesians 4:12, 13. For the perfecting of the saints,-Until we all come in the unity of the faith, and of the knowledge of the Son of God, unto a perfect man, unto the measure of the stature of the fullness of Christ.

Question: Cannot this be attained while in the body?

Answer: No, for here all our graces are imperfect; 2 Corinthians 13:12. For How we see through a glass darkly; but then face to face. And we live at a distance from God; 2 Corinthians 5:6. While we are at home in the body, we are absent from the Lord.

Question: How is this attained at death?

Answer: At death the roots of sin are pulled up out of the believer's nature; Hebrews 12:23. And to the spirits of just men made perfect.

Question: Why must the soul be made perfect at death?

Answer: Because the purity of the heavenly state admits no sin or imperfection; Revelation 21:27. And there shall never enter into it anything that defiles, neither whatever works abomination, or makes a lie, but they which are written in the Lamb's book of life.

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: That death should be lovely and desirable in the eyes of believers; Philippians 1:23. Having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ; which is far better.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: That God has provided singular relief for his people that now groan under their sins, and many imperfections: 1 Corinthians 13:12. For now we see through a glass darkly; but then face to face: Now I know in part; but then shall I know even as I am known.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: That the heavenly state is infinitely above and beyond whatever we enjoy here; 1 Corinthians 2:9. But as it is written, eye has not seen, nor ear heard, neither have entered into the heart of man, the things which God has prepared for them that love him.

Question: What is the fourth inference?

Answer: That believers are but at a small distance from the satisfaction of all their desires; Romans 13:11. For now is our salvation nearer than when we believed.

Question: What is the fifth inference?

Answer: That the saints should earnestly pursue that perfection, even in this imperfect state; Philippians 3:13, 14. Brethren, I count not myself to have apprehended; but this one thing I do, forgetting those things which are behind, and reaching forth to those things which are before, I press towards the mark, for the prize of the high calling of God in Christ Jesus.

Question: What is the sixth inference.

Answer: That death to the saints is better than life; Philippians 1:21. For to me to live is Christ, and to die is gain.

Question: What is the last inference.

Answer: That faith is absolutely necessary to entitle us to this perfect state. Of immediate Glorification


An Exposition of the Assemblies Catechism

Question: WHAT benefit do believers receive from Christ at the resurrection?

Answer: At the resurrection believers being raised up in glory, shall be openly acknowledged, and acquitted in the day of judgment, and made perfectly blessed in the full enjoyment of God to all eternity.

Question: What is it to be acknowledged by Christ?

Answer: It is Christ's owning of the special relation between him and them; Mat 25:34. Come you blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world.

Question: Whom will Christ acknowledge for his?

Answer: Such as confess Christ now; Matthew 10:32. Whoever therefore shall confess me before men, him will I confess also before my Father which is in Heaven.

Question: Before whom will Christ confess them?

Answer: Before his Father, angels and men; Revelation 3:5. He who overcomes, the same shall be clothed in white clothing, and I will not blot out his name out of the book of life, but I will confess his name before my Father, and before his angels.

Question: Who shall be denied by Christ in that day?

Answer: All that now deny Christ, shall be denied by him; 2 Timothy 2:12. If we deny him, he also will deny us, Titus 1:16. They profess that they know God; but in works hey deny him, being abominable, and disobedient, and unto every good work reprobate.

Question: Why will Christ openly acknowledge them?

Answer: To wipe off all aspersions and censures that now are cast upon them; Isaiah 66:5. Your brethren that hated you, that cast you out for my name's sake, said, Let the Lord be glorified; but he shall appear to your joy, and they shall be ashamed.

Question: What will be the effect of Christ's acknowledgment?

Answer: It will put a full end to all doubts, fears and jealousies of themselves; 1 Corinthians 4:3, 4. But with me it is a very small thing that I should be judged of you, or of man's judgment; yes, I judge not my own self; for I know nothing by myself, yet I am not hereby justified; but he who judges me, is the Lord.

Question: What other effect will it produce in them?

Answer: Joy unspeakable and transcendent: hence called time of refreshing; Acts 3:19. When the time of refreshing shall come from the presence of the Lord.

Question: Is this the only time Christ acknowledged! them?

Answer: No; he acknowledged them by his Spirit's testimony now, but that is private in their bosoms; Romans 8:16. The Spirit itself bears witness with our spirits, that we are the children of God.

Question: What is the first inference from hence?

Answer: To warn all how they pass rash censures on Christ's servants; Psalm 73:15. If I say, I will speak thus; behold I should offend against the generation of your children.

Question: What is the second inference?

Answer: Let none be afraid or ashamed to confess the person, office, or any truth of Christ, for any loss or danger that may threaten them; Luke 12:8, 9. Also I say unto you, Whoever shall confess me before men, him shall the Son of man also confess before the angels of God. But he who denies me before men, shall be denied before the angels of God.

Question: What is the third inference?

Answer: Let Christians abound in good works. Every act of charity for Christ shall be acknowledged by him in the day of judgment; Matthew 25:35. For I was an hungered, and you gave me meat; I was thirsty, and you gave me drink; I was a stranger, and you took me in.

Question: What is the last inference?

Answer: Let all Christians love and long for the day of Christ's appearing; 2 Timothy 4:8. Henceforth there is laid up for me a crown of righteousness, which the Lord, the righteous Judge shall give me at that day, and not to me only, but unto them also that love his appearing. Of Christ's acquitting Believers