Update hard_scatter/ggf/v1 dataset card
Browse files
README.md
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## Dataset Description
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This dataset contains simulated high-energy physics collision events for Higgs boson production from gluon-gluon fusion with no pileup (single interaction per event) generated using the **Open Data Detector (ODD)** geometry within the **ACTS (A Common Tracking Software)**
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### Dataset Summary
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| `time` | list<float64> | Production time (ns) |
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| `num_tracker_hits` | list<int64> | Number of hits in tracker |
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| `num_calo_hits` | list<int64> | Number of hits in calorimeter |
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| `vertex_primary` | list<int64> | Primary vertex flag (1=
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| `parent_id` | list<float64> | ID of parent particle |
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**Typical event**: ~200-500 particles per event
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train, val = train_test_split(train_val, test_size=0.176, random_state=42) # 0.176 * 0.85 ≈ 0.15
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```
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## Dataset Creation
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### Curation Rationale
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This dataset was created to support machine learning research in high-energy physics, specifically for:
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1. **Benchmarking tracking algorithms**: Compare traditional and ML-based track reconstruction methods
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2. **Hierarchical representation learning**: Study information flow from detector hits → tracks → particles
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3. **Physics analysis**: Develop ML models for event classification and particle identification
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4. **Open science**: Provide publicly accessible, realistic detector simulation data
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This dataset contains simulated Higgs boson events with no pileup,
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useful for developing and testing machine learning algorithms
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for particle tracking and physics analysis.
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### Source Data
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#### Initial Data Collection and Normalization
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The data is generated through the following simulation chain:
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1. **Event Generation**: Events generated using a Monte Carlo event generator
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2. **Detector Simulation**: Particle propagation through the Open Data Detector using ACTS
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3. **Digitization**: Conversion of energy deposits to realistic detector signals
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4. **Reconstruction**: Track finding and fitting using ACTS tracking algorithms
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5. **Format Conversion**: EDM4HEP → Parquet using the ColliderML data pipeline
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#### Who are the source data producers?
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The data is produced by the **ColliderML collaboration** as part of the **ATLAS ITk ML Reconstruction** project at NERSC (National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center).
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### Annotations
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#### Annotation process
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The dataset includes truth-level annotations automatically generated during the simulation:
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- **Particle-level truth**: Generator-level particle information
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- **Hit-to-particle associations**: Which particle created each detector hit
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- **Track-to-particle matching**: `majority_particle_id` links reconstructed tracks to truth particles
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These annotations enable supervised learning for tasks like:
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- Track efficiency (did we reconstruct this particle?)
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- Track purity (how many hits belong to the correct particle?)
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- Fake rate (how many tracks are not matched to real particles?)
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#### Who are the annotators?
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N/A (Annotations are from simulation ground truth)
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### Personal and Sensitive Information
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This dataset contains only simulated physics data. No personal or sensitive information is included.
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## Considerations for Using the Data
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### Social Impact of Dataset
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This dataset supports fundamental physics research and ML algorithm development. It has no direct social impact but contributes to:
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- Open science and reproducible research
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- Education in HEP and ML
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- Development of algorithms that may have broader applications (e.g., pattern recognition, tracking in medical imaging)
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### Discussion of Biases
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As a simulated dataset, biases may arise from:
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1. **Generator-level biases**: The event generator's modeling of the physics process
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2. **Detector simulation biases**: Approximations in material interactions, detector response
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3. **Reconstruction biases**: Algorithm choices in track finding and fitting
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4. **Pileup modeling**: This dataset has no pileup; real LHC data has 20-60 simultaneous collisions
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Users should be aware that models trained on this data may not generalize to:
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- Real detector data (requires calibration and alignment)
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- Different detector geometries
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- Different pileup conditions
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### Other Known Limitations
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- **Limited statistics**: ~100000 events (consider data augmentation for large models)
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- **Single physics process**: Only Higgs boson production from gluon-gluon fusion; does not include background processes
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- **Idealized detector**: ODD is a generic detector, not an exact replica of ATLAS/CMS
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- **Simplified simulation**: Some detector effects may be simplified
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## Additional Information
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### Dataset Curators
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This dataset is maintained by the ColliderML team:
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- Primary contact: daniel.thomas.murnane@cern.ch
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- Collaboration: ATLAS ITk ML Reconstruction working group
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- Infrastructure: NERSC (National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center)
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### Licensing Information
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This dataset is released under the **Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)** license.
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You are free to:
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- **Share**: Copy and redistribute the material
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- **Adapt**: Remix, transform, and build upon the material
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Under the following terms:
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- **Attribution**: You must give appropriate credit and indicate if changes were made
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### Citation Information
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If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:
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```bibtex
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@dataset{colliderml_ggf_v1_2025,
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title={ {ColliderML: ColliderML Higgs Boson Production from Gluon-Gluon Fusion (No Pileup)} },
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author={ {ColliderML Collaboration} },
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year={ 2025 },
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publisher={NERSC},
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howpublished={\url{ https://huggingface.co/datasets/OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0 }},
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note={Simulation performed using ACTS and the Open Data Detector}
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}
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```
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### Contributions
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This dataset was produced using:
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- **ACTS (A Common Tracking Software)**: https://acts.readthedocs.io/
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- **Open Data Detector**: https://acts.readthedocs.io/en/latest/examples/open_data_detector.html
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- **EDM4HEP**: https://edm4hep.web.cern.ch/
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- **ColliderML Pipeline**: https://github.com/ATLAS-ITk-ML/colliderml
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## How to Use This Dataset
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### Loading the Dataset
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The dataset is hosted on the NERSC public portal and can be streamed directly without downloading:
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```python
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from datasets import load_dataset
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# Load particles
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particles_ds = load_dataset(
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"OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0",
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"particles",
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split="train"
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)
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# Load tracker_hits
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tracker_hits_ds = load_dataset(
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"OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0",
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"tracker_hits",
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split="train"
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)
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# Load calo_hits
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calo_hits_ds = load_dataset(
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"OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0",
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"calo_hits",
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split="train"
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)
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# Load tracks
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tracks_ds = load_dataset(
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"OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0",
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"tracks",
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split="train"
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)
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```
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### Example: Iterating Over Events
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```python
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import numpy as np
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# Iterate over first 10 events
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for i, event in enumerate(particles_ds.take(10)):
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event_id = event['event_id']
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n_particles = len(event['particle_id'])
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print(f"Event {event_id}: {n_particles} particles")
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# Access list columns as numpy arrays
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px = np.array(event['px'])
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py = np.array(event['py'])
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pz = np.array(event['pz'])
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# Compute transverse momentum
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pt = np.sqrt(px**2 + py**2)
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print(f" Mean pt: {pt.mean():.2f} GeV")
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```
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### Example: Computing Track Features
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```python
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import numpy as np
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for event in tracks_ds.take(5):
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# Get track parameters
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qop = np.array(event['qop'])
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theta = np.array(event['theta'])
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phi = np.array(event['phi'])
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# Compute derived quantities
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pt = np.abs(1.0 / qop) * np.sin(theta)
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eta = -np.log(np.tan(theta / 2.0))
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print(f"Event {event['event_id']}: {len(qop)} tracks")
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print(f" pt range: [{pt.min():.2f}, {pt.max():.2f}] GeV")
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print(f" eta range: [{eta.min():.2f}, {eta.max():.2f}]")
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```
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### Example: Matching Tracks to Particles
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```python
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# Load both datasets
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particles = load_dataset("OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0", "particles", split="train")
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tracks = load_dataset("OpenDataDetector/ColliderML_higgs_pu0", "tracks", split="train")
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# Process event-by-event
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for particle_event, track_event in zip(particles, tracks):
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assert particle_event['event_id'] == track_event['event_id']
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# Get particle information
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particle_ids = np.array(particle_event['particle_id'])
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particle_px = np.array(particle_event['px'])
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particle_py = np.array(particle_event['py'])
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# Get track information
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track_particle_ids = np.array(track_event['majority_particle_id'])
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# Compute truth pt for particles
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particle_pt = np.sqrt(particle_px**2 + particle_py**2)
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# Find matched tracks
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for i, pid in enumerate(track_particle_ids):
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if pid in particle_ids:
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idx = np.where(particle_ids == pid)[0][0]
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truth_pt = particle_pt[idx]
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print(f"Track {i}: matched to particle {pid}, pt={truth_pt:.2f} GeV")
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```
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### Data Location
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The Parquet files are hosted at:
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```
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https://portal.nersc.gov/cfs/m4958/ColliderML/hard_scatter/ggf/v1/parquet
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├── truth/
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│ └── particles/
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│ └── *.parquet (100 files)
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├── reco/
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│ └── tracker_hits/
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│ └── *.parquet (100 files)
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├── reco/
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│ └── calo_hits/
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│ └── *.parquet (100 files)
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├── reco/
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│ └── tracks/
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│ └── *.parquet (100 files)
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```
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### File Naming Convention
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Files follow the pattern:
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```
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<campaign>.<dataset>.<version>.<category>.<object>.<event_range>.parquet
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```
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Example: `hard_scatter.ggf.v1.truth.particles.events0-999.parquet`
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- Campaign: `hard_scatter`
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- Dataset: `ggf`
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- Version: `v1`
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- Category: `truth`
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- Object: one of particles, tracker_hits, calo_hits, tracks
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- Event range: `eventsXXXX-YYYY` (inclusive)
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### Performance Tips
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1. **Streaming**: Use the dataset API for efficient memory usage
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2. **Batch processing**: Process events in chunks for better performance
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3. **Selective loading**: Only load the data types you need
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4. **Caching**: Use dataset caching for repeated experiments
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### Related Datasets
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### Support
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For questions, issues, or feature requests:
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- Email: daniel.thomas.murnane@cern.ch
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### Acknowledgments
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This work was supported by:
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- ATLAS ITk ML Reconstruction project
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- NERSC computing resources
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- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science
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---
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## Dataset Description
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This dataset contains simulated high-energy physics collision events for Higgs boson production from gluon-gluon fusion with no pileup (single interaction per event) generated using the **Open Data Detector (ODD)** geometry within the **Key4hep** and **ACTS (A Common Tracking Software)** frameworks, representing a generic collider detector similar to those at the HL-LHC.
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### Dataset Summary
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| `time` | list<float64> | Production time (ns) |
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| `num_tracker_hits` | list<int64> | Number of hits in tracker |
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| `num_calo_hits` | list<int64> | Number of hits in calorimeter |
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| `vertex_primary` | list<int64> | Primary vertex flag (1 = hard scatter, 2,...,N = pileup) |
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| `parent_id` | list<float64> | ID of parent particle |
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**Typical event**: ~200-500 particles per event
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train, val = train_test_split(train_val, test_size=0.176, random_state=42) # 0.176 * 0.85 ≈ 0.15
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```
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| 1080 |
### Support
|
| 1081 |
|
| 1082 |
For questions, issues, or feature requests:
|
| 1083 |
- Email: daniel.thomas.murnane@cern.ch
|
| 1084 |
+
- You can also open a discussion in the HuggingFace community panel for this dataset.
|
| 1085 |
|
| 1086 |
### Acknowledgments
|
| 1087 |
|
| 1088 |
This work was supported by:
|
|
|
|
| 1089 |
- NERSC computing resources
|
| 1090 |
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science
|
| 1091 |
+
- Danish Data Science Academy (DDSA)
|
| 1092 |
|
| 1093 |
---
|
| 1094 |
|