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url stringlengths 11 2.25k	text stringlengths 88 50k	ts timestamp[s]date 2026-01-13 08:47:33 2026-01-13 09:30:40
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https://www.facebook.com/r.php	Facebook에 가입하기 새 계정 만들기 빠르고 쉽게 가입할 수 있습니다. 브라우저에서 Javascript가 비활성화되었습니다. 브라우저에서 JavaScript를 활성화하거나 Javascript 이용이 가능한 브라우저로 업그레이드하신 후 Facebook에 가입하세요. 오류가 발생했습니다. 다시 시도하세요. 계정을 만들 수 없습니다 Facebook에 가입하지 못했습니다. 생일 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948 1947 1946 1945 1944 1943 1942 1941 1940 1939 1938 1937 1936 1935 1934 1933 1932 1931 1930 1929 1928 1927 1926 1925 1924 1923 1922 1921 1920 1919 1918 1917 1916 1915 1914 1913 1912 1911 1910 1909 1908 1907 1906 1905 1월 2월 3월 4월 5월 6월 7월 8월 9월 10월 11월 12월 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 연령 생년월일 사용 성별 여성 남성 직접 지정 회원님을 지칭할 성별대명사를 선택하세요 여성(She): "생일을 축하해주세요!" 남성(He): "생일을 축하해주세요!" 성별무관(They): "생일을 축하해주세요!" 성별대명사는 모든 사람에게 공개됩니다. 저희 서비스를 이용하는 사람이 회원님의 연락처 정보를 Facebook에 업로드했을 수도 있습니다. 더 알아보기 . 가입하기 버튼을 클릭하면 Facebook의 약관 , 개인정보처리방침 및 쿠키 정책 에 동의하게 됩니다. Facebook으로부터 SMS 알림을 받을 수 있으며 알림은 언제든지 옵트 아웃할 수 있습니다. 가입하기 이미 계정이 있으신가요? 보안 확인 필수 입력 항목입니다. 이 내용이 표시되는 이유는? 보안 확인 자동가입방지 문자 입력은 스패머가 자동 요청을 보내는 것을 방지하기 위해 Meta에서 사용하는 표준 보안 테스트입니다. Facebook의 이름이 Meta로 변경됩니다. 저희는 2022년 1월 4일에 새 이름을 반영하여 이용 약관, 데이터 정책 및 쿠키 정책을 개정했습니다. 회사명이 바뀌더라도 Facebook 앱을 포함한 모든 동일한 제품이 Meta에서 지속적으로 제공됩니다. 기존의 데이터 정책 및 서비스 약관은 효력을 유지하며, 이번 이름 변경으로 인해 저희의 기존 데이터 사용 및 공유 방식이 변경되지는 않습니다. Meta 와 Meta의 메타버스 비전을 자세히 알아보세요. 데이터 정책 이 정책에서는 Facebook, Instagram, Messenger 및 Meta Platforms, Inc.가 제공하는 기타 제품 및 기능을 지원하기 위해 저희가 처리하는 정보를 설명합니다. ( Meta 제품 또는 제품). 추가적인 도구 및 정보는 Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 확인할 수 있습니다. I. 저희가 수집하는 정보의 유형 Meta 제품을 제공하기 위해 저희는 회원님에 대한 정보를 처리해야 합니다. 수집하는 정보의 유형은 회원님이 저희 제품을 이용하는 방법에 따라 다릅니다. Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에 접속하여 저희가 수집한 정보에 액세스하고 이를 삭제하는 방법에 대해 알아보실 수 있습니다. 회원님 및 다른 사람의 활동 및 제공하는 정보. 회원님이 제공하는 정보 및 콘텐츠. 저희는 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용(계정 가입, 콘텐츠 작성 또는 공유, 다른 사람들과의 메시지 전송 또는 커뮤니케이션 포함)할 때 제공하는 콘텐츠, 커뮤니케이션 및 기타 정보를 수집합니다. 여기에는 사진 촬영 장소나 파일 생성 날짜와 같이 회원님이 제공한 콘텐츠에 포함되거나 관련된 정보(메타데이터 등)가 포함될 수 있습니다. 또한 여기에는 카메라 와 같이 저희가 제공하는 기능을 통해 표시되는 내용도 포함되므로, 회원님이 좋아할 만한 마스크와 필터를 제안하거나, 카메라 형식 사용에 관한 팁을 제공할 수도 있습니다. Meta 시스템은 아래 에 명시된 목적을 위해 회원님과 다른 사람들이 제공한 콘텐츠 및 커뮤니케이션을 자동으로 처리하여, 배경과 그 내용을 분석합니다. 회원님이 공유 한 항목을 볼 수 있는 사람을 관리하는 방법에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 특별 보호를 받는 정보: Facebook 프로필 필드 또는 중요 이벤트에 회원님의 종교관, 정치관, '관심 있는' 사람 또는 건강 정보를 제공하도록 선택할 수 있습니다. 이러한 정보 및 기타 정보(예를 들어 인종 또는 민족적 태생, 철학적 신념 또는 노동조합 가입 여부)는 회원님의 해당 국가 법률에 따라 특별 보호를 받을 수 있습니다. 네트워크 및 연결. 저희는 회원님과 연결된 사람, 계정, 해시태그 , Facebook 그룹 및 페이지 (예를 들어 저희 제품에서 회원님이 가장 많이 연락하는 사람이나 회원님이 속한 그룹)에 대한 정보 및 이들과 연락하는 방식에 대한 정보를 수집합니다. 또한 회원님이 연락처 정보(예를 들어 주소록, 통화 로그 또는 SMS 로그 기록)를 기기에서 업로드, 동기화 또는 가져오기로 선택 하는 경우 해당 연락처 정보를 수집합니다. 이 연락처 정보는 회원님 및 다른 사람들이 알 수도 있는 사람들을 찾도록 돕고 아래 에 나열된 기타 목적을 위해 이용됩니다. 회원님의 이용. 저희는 회원님이 보거나 참여하는 콘텐츠의 유형, 사용하는 기능, 수행하는 행동, 교류하는 사람 또는 계정, 활동 시간, 빈도 및 기간 등 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용하는 방법에 대한 정보를 수집합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용한 시간, 마지막으로 이용한 시간, Meta 제품에서 확인한 게시물, 동영상 및 기타 콘텐츠를 기록합니다. 또한 저희는 회원님이 카메라와 같은 기능들을 사용하는 방법에 대한 정보도 수집합니다. Meta 제품에서 이뤄진 거래에 관한 정보. 회원님이 구매 또는 기타 금융 거래를 위해 Meta 제품을 이용하는 경우(예를 들어 게임 내에서 구매하거나 기부 하는 경우) 저희는 구매 또는 거래에 관한 정보를 수집합니다. 여기에는 신용카드 또는 직불카드 번호 및 기타 카드 정보, 기타 계정 및 인증 정보, 청구, 배송 및 연락처와 같은 결제 정보가 포함됩니다. 다른 사람의 활동 및 다른 사람이 회원님에 관해 제공한 정보. 또한 저희는 다른 사람이 Meta 제품을 이용할 때 그들이 제공하는 콘텐츠, 커뮤니케이션 및 정보를 수집하고 분석합니다. 여기에는 다른 사람이 언제 회원님의 사진을 공유하거나 회원님의 사진에 댓글을 남기는지, 언제 회원님에게 메시지를 보내는지, 언제 회원님의 연락처 정보를 업로드, 동기화 또는 가져오는지 등과 같은 회원님에 관한 정보가 포함될 수 있습니다. 기기 정보 아래에 설명된 바와 같이, 저희는 회원님이 사용하여 Facebook 제품과 통합되는 컴퓨터, 전화, 스마트 TV 및 기타 웹 연결 기기로부터, 그리고 해당 기기에 관한 정보를 수집하고, 회원님이 사용하는 여러 기기에 이 정보를 결합합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 회원님의 휴대폰에서 Facebook 제품 이용에 관해 수집한 정보를 이용하여, 회원님이 노트북이나 태블릿과 같은 다른 기기에서 Facebook 제품을 이용할 때 보게 되는 콘텐츠( 광고 포함) 또는 기능을 회원님에게 맞춤화하거나, 다른 기기에서 회원님의 휴대폰에 표시된 광고에 대한 회원님의 반응 여부를 측정합니다. 이러한 기기로부터 얻는 정보는 다음과 같습니다. 기기 속성: 운영 체제, 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 버전, 배터리 잔량, 신호 강도, 사용 가능한 저장 공간, 브라우저 유형, 앱 및 파일 이름 및 유형, 플러그인 등의 정보. 기기 작업: 창이 전면 또는 백그라운드에 있는지 여부, 마우스 움직임(인간과 봇을 구분하는 데 도움이 될 수 있음) 등 기기에서 수행되는 작업 및 동작에 관한 정보. 식별자: 고유 식별자, 기기 ID 및 기타 식별자. 기타 식별자의 예로는 회원님이 이용하는 게임, 앱 또는 계정 등의 식별자 및 가족 기기 ID(또는 동일한 기기나 계정과 관련된 Meta Company 제품 에 고유한 기타 식별자)가 있습니다. 기기 신호: Bluetooth 신호 및 근처 Wi-Fi 액세스 포인트, 비콘 및 셀 타워에 관한 정보. 기기 설정 데이터: GPS 위치, 카메라 또는 사진에 대한 액세스 등 회원님의 기기 설정을 활성화하여 Meta가 수신할 수 있도록 허가한 정보. 네트워크 및 연결: 이동통신사 또는 ISP 명칭, 언어, 시간대, 휴대폰 번호, IP 주소, 연결 속도 및 때로는 가까이 있거나 회원님의 네트워크에 있는 다른 기기에 관한 정보. 이를 통해 Meta는 휴대폰에서 TV로 동영상을 스트리밍 하는 등의 작업을 지원할 수 있습니다. 쿠키 데이터: 쿠키 ID 및 설정을 포함하여 기기에 저장된 쿠키 데이터. 쿠키 사용에 관한 자세한 내용은 Facebook 쿠키 정책 및 Instagram 쿠키 정책 에서 알아보세요. 파트너가 제공하는 정보. 광고주, 앱 개발자 및 퍼블리셔는 이들이 사용하는 Meta 비즈니스 도구 , 즉 저희의 소셜 플러그인(예: '좋아요' 버튼), Facebook 로그인, 저희 API와 SDK 또는 Meta 픽셀 을 통해 저희로 정보를 제공할 수 있습니다. 이 파트너들은 회원님의 저희 계정 보유 여부 또는 저희 제품 로그인 여부와 관계없이 Meta 제품 밖에서의 회원님의 활동에 대한 정보(회원님의 기기, 회원님이 방문한 웹사이트, 회원님의 구매 내역, 회원님에게 표시되는 광고 및 회원님이 해당 파트너들의 서비스를 사용한 방법에 관한 정보 포함)를 제공합니다. 예를 들어, 게임 개발자는 저희 API를 사용하여 저희에게 회원님이 플레이하는 게임에 대해 알려줄 수 있고, 비즈니스는 회원님이 해당 비즈니스의 스토어에서 구매한 제품에 대해 알려줄 수 있습니다. 또한 저희는 회원님의 정보를 저희에게 제공할 권리가 있는 제3자 데이터 제공업체로부터 회원님의 온라인 및 오프라인 활동과 구매에 관한 정보를 받습니다. 회원님이 파트너를 방문하거나 파트너 서비스를 이용할 때 또는 파트너와 제휴한 제3자를 통해 서비스를 이용할 때 회원님의 데이터를 파트너가 받게 됩니다. 저희는 각 파트너에게 회원님의 데이터를 수집하고, 사용하고, 공유할 수 있는 합법적 권한을 획득한 후에 저희에게 데이터를 제공할 것을 요구합니다. 저희에게 데이터를 제공하는 파트너의 유형에 대해 자세히 알아보세요 . Meta 비즈니스 도구와 관련하여 저희의 쿠키 사용에 대한 자세한 내용은 Facebook 쿠키 정책 및 Instagram 쿠키 정책 을 참조하시기 바랍니다. II. 저희가 정보를 활용하는 방법 저희는 (회원님이 동의할 경우) 아래에 설명된 바와 같이 보유한 정보를 이용하며, Meta 약관 및 Instagram 약관 에 설명된 Meta 제품 및 관련 서비스를 제공하고 지원합니다. 방법은 다음과 같습니다. Facebook 제품의 제공, 맞춤화 및 개선. 저희는 Meta 제품을 제공하기 위해 보유한 정보를 이용합니다. Meta 제품을 제공하는 데는 기능 및 콘텐츠(귀사 광고, Facebook 뉴스피드 , Instagram 피드 및 Instagram 스토리 포함)를 맞춤화하고 Meta 제품 안팎에서 회원님이 관심을 가질 만한 그룹 또는 이벤트 나 팔로우할 만한 주제 등을 추천하는 것이 포함됩니다. 회원님을 위해 특별하고 관련성 있는 맞춤화된 Meta 제품을 만들기 위해, 저희는 수집한 데이터와 회원님 및 다른 사람으로부터 얻은 정보(회원님이 제공하기로 선택한 특별 보호 데이터 포함)에 기초한 회원님의 관계, 기호, 관심사 및 활동, 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용하고 상호 작용하는 방법, Meta 제품 안팎에서 회원님과 연결되어 있거나 회원님이 관심 있는 사람, 장소 또는 사물에 관한 정보를 이용합니다. Meta 제품의 기능, 콘텐츠, 추천을 포함하여 Facebook과 Instagram에서 개인에게 맞춤화된 경험을 제공하기 위해 저희가 회원님에 관한 정보를 어떻게 사용하는지 자세히 알아보세요. 또한 회원님에게 표시되는 광고 를 선택하는 방법도 자세히 알아볼 수 있습니다. Meta 제품 및 기기의 정보: 저희는 여러 Meta 제품 및 기기 활동에 관한 정보를 연결하여 회원님이 사용하는 모든 Meta 제품에 대해, 어디서 해당 제품을 이용하는지에 관계없이 더욱 맞춤화되고 일관된 경험을 제공합니다. 예를 들어 Instagram에서 회원님이 팔로우하거나 Messenger로 커뮤니케이션하는 사람들이 속한 Facebook 그룹에 가입할 것을 추천할 수 있습니다. 또한 예를 들어 다른 Meta 제품의 계정에 가입할 때 기존 Meta 제품의 등록 정보(전화번호 등)를 자동으로 기입하는 등 회원님에게 더욱 원활한 경험을 제공할 수도 있습니다. 위치 관련 정보: 저희는 회원님 및 다른 사람들에게 광고를 포함한 Meta 제품을 제공하고, 맞춤화하고, 개선하기 위해 위치 관련 정보 (예: 회원님의 현재 위치, 거주 지역, 가고 싶은 장소, 주변에 있는 비즈니스 및 사람)를 이용합니다. 위치 관련 정보는 정확한 기기 위치(수집을 허용한 경우), IP 주소 및 회원님 및 다른 사람이 Meta 제품을 이용하여 발생하는 정보(예를 들어 체크인 또는 참석 이벤트)와 같은 사항을 기반으로 할 수 있습니다. 제품 연구 및 개발: 저희는 보유한 정보를 이용하여 설문조사 및 리서치를 수행하고 새로운 제품과 기능을 테스트하며 문제를 해결함으로써 Meta 제품을 개발, 테스트 및 개선합니다. 광고 및 기타 홍보 콘텐츠: 저희는 보유한 정보(회원님의 관심사, 행동 및 관계에 관한 정보를 포함)를 이용하여 광고, 쿠폰 및 회원님에게 표시되는 기타 홍보 콘텐츠를 선택하고 맞춤화합니다. 저희가 광고를 선택하고 맞춤화하는 방법 , 광고 및 기타 홍보 콘텐츠를 선택하기 위해 사용한 데이터에 관한 회원님의 선택 사항을 Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 자세히 알아보세요. 측정, 분석 및 기타 비즈니스 서비스 제공. 저희는 보유한 정보(방문한 웹사이트 및 광고 등 Facebook 제품 밖에서의 활동 포함)를 이용하여 광고주 및 기타 파트너가 광고 및 서비스의 성과와 배포를 측정하고 해당 서비스를 사용하는 사람들의 유형 및 사람들이 웹사이트, 앱, 서비스와 상호 작용하는 방식을 파악할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 이러한 파트너와 정보를 공유하는 방법에 대해 알아보세요 . 안전, 진실성 및 보안 강화. 저희는 보유한 정보를 이용하여 계정 및 활동을 확인하고, 유해 행위를 방지하며, 스팸 및 기타 부정적인 경험을 감지 및 방지하고, 제품의 무결성을 유지하며, Meta 제품 안팎의 안전 및 보안을 강화합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 보유한 데이터를 이용하여 의심스러운 활동 또는 저희 약관이나 정책 위반을 조사하거나 누군가에게 도움이 필요한 시점을 감지 합니다. 자세히 알아보려면 Facebook 보안 고객 센터 및 Instagram 보안 팁 을 방문하세요. 회원님과의 커뮤니케이션. 저희는 보유한 데이터를 이용하여 회원님에게 마케팅 자료를 제공하고 Facebook 제품에 관해 커뮤니케이션하며, Facebook 정책 및 약관에 대한 내용을 알려 드립니다. 또한 저희는 회원님의 정보를 이용하여 회원님의 연락에 대응합니다. 사회적 공익 연구 및 혁신. 저희는 보유한 정보(저희와 협업하는 연구 파트너의 정보 포함)를 이용하여 일반 사회 복지, 기술 발전, 공익, 보건 및 복지에 관한 주제의 연구 와 혁신을 진행하며, 이를 지원합니다. 예를 들어, 위기 상황 시 저희가 보유한 이동 패턴 정보를 분석하여 구호 활동을 지원합니다. Facebook 연구 프로그램에 대해 자세히 알아보세요 . III. 정보 공유 방법 회원님의 정보는 다음 방법으로 다른 사람들과 공유됩니다. Meta 제품에서 공유 회원님이 공유하고 커뮤니케이션하는 사람 및 계정 회원님은 Facebook 제품을 이용하여 공유 또는 커뮤니케이션할 때 공유할 내용에 대한 공개 대상을 선택 합니다. 예를 들어 회원님은 Facebook에 게시물을 포스팅할 때 그룹, 모든 친구, 전체 공개 또는 맞춤 설정한 리스트에 있는 사람 등 게시물에 대한 공개 대상을 선택합니다. 마찬가지로, 회원님이 Messenger 또는 Instagram을 사용하여 사람 또는 비즈니스와 커뮤니케이션할 때 해당 사람 및 비즈니스는 회원님이 전송하는 콘텐츠를 볼 수 있습니다. 회원님의 네트워크는 회원님이 Meta 제품에서 취한 행동(광고 및 홍보 콘텐츠 참여 포함)을 볼 수도 있습니다. 또한 저희는 다른 계정이 해당 계정의 Facebook 또는 Instagram 스토리를 누가 조회했는지 볼 수 있도록 허용합니다. 공개 정보 는 계정이 없는 경우를 포함하여 Facebook 제품 안팎에서 누구든지 볼 수 있습니다. 여기에는 Instagram 사용자 이름, 공개 대상과 공유하는 모든 정보, 회원님 Facebook 공개 프로필 에 있는 정보, Facebook 페이지에서 공유하는 콘텐츠, Instagram 공개 계정 또는 Facebook Marketplace 와 같은 기타 공개 포럼에서 공유하는 콘텐츠가 포함됩니다. 회원님, Facebook과 Instagram을 사용하는 다른 사람들 그리고 저희는 검색 결과 또는 도구 및 API를 통해 Meta 제품(Meta Company 제품 포함) 안팎에 있는 모든 사람에게 공개 정보에 대한 액세스 권한을 제공하거나 해당 공개 정보를 전송할 수 있습니다. 공개 정보는 검색 엔진, API 같은 제3자 서비스, TV 같은 오프라인 매체와 앱, 웹사이트, 저희 제품과 통합된 기타 서비스를 통해 보거나 액세스하거나 다시 공유하거나 다운로드할 수도 있습니다. 공개 정보 및 Facebook 과 Instagram 에서 공개 범위를 설정하는 방법에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 다른 사람이 회원님과 공유하거나 다시 공유한 콘텐츠 Meta 제품에서 회원님의 활동을 볼 수 있는 사람들은 Meta 제품 안팎에서 다른 사람들(회원님이 공유한 공개 대상 이외의 사람들과 비즈니스 포함)과 이를 공유할지 여부를 선택할 수 있으므로, 회원님은 공유 대상을 선택할 때 이를 고려해야 합니다. 예를 들어 특정 친구 또는 계정에 게시물을 공유하거나 메시지를 전송할 때, 해당 친구 또는 계정은 직접 또는 Horizon 월드 같은 가상 현실 환경에서 콘텐츠를 다운로드하거나 스크린샷으로 캡처하거나 Meta 제품 안팎으로 다른 사람과 다시 공유할 수 있습니다. 또한 다른 사람의 게시물에 댓글을 달거나 공감할 때, 그 사람의 콘텐츠를 볼 수 있는 사람은 회원님의 댓글이나 공감 상태를 볼 수 있고 해당 콘텐츠를 게시한 사람은 나중에 공개 대상을 변경할 수 있습니다. 사람들은 Facebook 제품을 이용하여 회원님에 관한 콘텐츠를 만들고 원하는 공개 대상과 공유할 수도 있습니다. 예를 들어 스토리에 회원님의 사진을 공유하고, 게시물에 회원님의 위치를 언급하거나 태그하고, 게시물 또는 메시지에 회원님에 대한 정보를 공유할 수 있습니다. 다른 사람들이 Facebook 제품에서 회원님에 대해 공유한 내용에 불편함을 느낀다면 콘텐츠를 신고 하는 방법을 알아보실 수 있습니다. Meta 제품에서 회원님의 활동 상태 또는 존재에 관한 정보. 회원님의 네트워크에 있는 사람들은 Facebook 제품에 대한 회원님의 활동 여부( Instagram , Messenger 또는 Facebook에서 활동 상태인지, 언제 마지막으로 Facebook 제품을 이용하였는지 포함)를 알려주는 신호를 볼 수 있습니다. Meta 제품에 포함되어 있거나 서비스를 이용한 앱, 웹사이트 및 제3자 통합. Meta 제품을 이용하거나 Meta 제품에 통합된 타사 앱, 웹사이트 또는 기타 서비스를 이용할 경우 해당 타사에서 회원님이 게시하거나 공유한 내용에 관한 정보를 받을 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 Facebook 친구와 게임을 하거나 웹사이트에서 Facebook 댓글 달기 또는 공유하기 버튼을 사용하는 경우, 게임 개발자 또는 웹사이트는 게임 내 회원님의 활동에 대한 정보를 받거나 회원님이 Facebook에서 해당 웹사이트를 통해 공유한 댓글이나 링크에 관한 정보를 받을 수 있습니다. 또한 이러한 제3자 서비스를 다운로드하거나 사용할 때 해당 제3자는 Facebook의 공개 프로필 및 회원님이 해당 제3자에 공유한 모든 정보에 액세스할 수 있습니다. 회원님이 공유를 선택할 경우 회원님이 이용하는 앱과 웹사이트에서 Facebook 친구 리스트를 수신할 수 있습니다. 단, 회원님이 이용하는 앱과 웹사이트는 회원님의 Facebook 친구에 관한 기타 모든 정보 또는 회원님의 Instagram 팔로워에 관한 정보를 수신할 수 없습니다. 이는 회원님의 친구와 팔로워가 이 정보를 공유하도록 선택했더라도 마찬가지입니다. 이러한 제3자 서비스에서 수집되는 정보는 Facebook 약관 및 정책이 아닌 해당 제3자의 자체 약관 및 정책의 적용을 받습니다. Facebook 및 Instagram의 기본 버전을 제공하는 기기와 운영 체제(즉, 저희가 저희 자체의 앱을 개발하지 않은 기기와 운영 체제)는 저희 핵심 기능을 회원님에게 제공하기 위해 회원님의 친구가 회원님과 공유하는 정보를 포함하여 회원님이 공유하기로 선택하는 모든 정보에 액세스할 수 있습니다. 참고: 저희는 현재 남용을 방지하기 위해 개발자의 데이터 액세스 권한을 추가로 제한하고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 저희는 회원님이 3개월 동안 앱을 사용하지 않았고, 저희가 로그인을 변경하는 경우 회원님의 Facebook 및 Instagram에 대한 개발자의 액세스 권한을 삭제하며, 다음 버전에서 앱 검수 없이 앱에서 요청할 수 있는 데이터를 이름, Instagram 사용자 이름, 소개, 프로필 사진, 이메일 주소만 포함되도록 축소합니다. 더 많은 데이터를 요청하려면 저희의 허가를 받아야만 합니다. 새로운 소유자. Facebook 제품 또는 해당 자산의 전부 또는 일부에 대한 소유권 또는 운영권이 변경되는 경우, 저희는 회원님에 대한 정보를 새로운 소유주에게 제공할 수 있습니다. 제3자 파트너와 공유 저희는 Meta를 지원하고 Meta 제품을 제공하고 개선하는 데 도움을 주거나 Meta 비즈니스 도구를 사용하는 제3자 파트너와 협력하여 이들의 비즈니스를 성장시킴으로써 회사를 운영하고 전 세계 사람들에게 무료 서비스를 제공하고 있습니다. 저희는 회원님의 정보를 누구에게도 판매하지 않으며 앞으로도 판매하지 않을 것입니다. 저희는 또한 파트너가 저희가 제공한 데이터를 이용하고 공개하는 방법에 엄격한 제한을 가하고 있습니다. 저희가 정보를 공유하는 제3자의 유형은 다음과 같습니다. Meta 분석 서비스를 사용하는 파트너. 저희는 개인 및 비즈니스가 사람들이 Meta 제품 안팎의 게시물, 리스트, Facebook 페이지, 동영상 및 기타 콘텐츠에 참여하는 방식을 파악하는 데 참고할 수 있는 취합된 통계 및 인사이트를 제공합니다. 예를 들어 Facebook 페이지 관리자 및 Instagram 비즈니스 프로필은 게시물을 보거나, 게시물에 반응하거나, 댓글을 단 사람의 수에 관한 정보 외에도 취합된 인구 통계학적 특성 및 기타 계정 또는 Facebook 페이지와의 상호 작용을 파악하는 데 도움이 되는 정보를 받습니다. 광고주. 저희는 광고주에게 광고를 보는 사람들의 유형 및 광고 실적에 관한 보고서를 제공하지만 회원님을 개인적으로 식별하는 정보(회원님에게 연락하거나 식별하는 데 이용될 수 있는 이름 또는 이메일 주소 같은 정보)는 회원님이 허용하지 않는 한 공유하지 않습니다. 예를 들어 광고 타겟을 더 잘 파악할 수 있도록 광고주에게 일반적인 인구 통계학적 특성 및 관심사 정보(예: 마드리드에 거주하고 소프트웨어 엔지니어링을 좋아하는 25~34세 여성에게 해당 광고가 노출됨)를 제공합니다. 또한 어떠한 광고가 회원님의 구매나 광고주에 관한 행동을 하게 유도했는지 확인합니다. 측정 파트너. 저희는 회원님에 대한 정보를 수집하여 파트너에게 분석 및 측정 보고서를 제공하는 회사와 정보를 공유합니다. Meta 제품 안에서 상품 및 서비스를 제공하는 파트너. 회원님이 프리미엄 콘텐츠를 구독하거나 Facebook 제품 내 판매자로부터 상품을 구매하는 경우, 해당 콘텐츠 제작자 또는 판매자는 회원님이 공유하는 공개 정보 및 기타 정보 외에도 배송 및 연락처 세부 정보를 포함하여 거래를 완료하는 데 필요한 정보를 받을 수 있습니다. 벤더 및 서비스 공급자. 저희는 기술 인프라 서비스 제공, Facebook 제품 이용 방법 분석, 고객 서비스 제공, 결제 간소화 또는 설문 수행 등의 방법을 통해 Facebook 비즈니스를 지원하는 벤더 및 서비스 공급자에게 정보와 콘텐츠를 제공합니다. 연구원 및 학자. 또한 저희는 연구 파트너 및 학자 에게 정보와 콘텐츠를 제공하여, 그들이 Facebook의 비즈니스 또는 사명을 지원하는 학문과 혁신을 발전시키는 연구, 그리고 일반적인 사회 복지, 기술 발전, 공익, 건강 및 복지에 대한 발견 및 혁신을 향상시키는 연구를 수행할 수 있도록 합니다. 사법당국 또는 법적 요청. 저희는 아래에 명시된 상황에서 사법당국 또는 법적 요청에 대응하여 정보를 공유합니다. Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 회원님 또는 다른 사람이 제3자 파트너와 공유하는 정보를 설정하는 방법에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. IV. Meta Companies가 협력하는 방식 Facebook과 Instagram은 회원님이 사용하는 모든 Meta Company 제품 에서 혁신적이고 관련성이 있으며 일관적이고 안전한 환경을 제공하기 위해 Meta Companies (WhatsApp 및 Oculus 포함)와 인프라, 시스템 및 기술을 공유합니다. 또한 저희는 이러한 목적을 위해, 관련 법에서 허용하는 경우에 Meta Companies의 약관 및 정책에 따라 Meta Companies에서 회원님에 대한 정보를 처리합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 WhatsApp의 서비스에서 스팸을 보내는 계정에 대한 정보를 처리하여 Facebook, Instagram 또는 Messenger에서 해당 계정에 대해 적절한 조치를 취할 수 있습니다. 또한 저희는 다른 Meta Company 제품의 고유 사용자 수를 파악하는 등 사람들이 Meta Company 제품을 이용하고 상호 작용하는 방법을 파악하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다. V. 회원님의 정보를 관리 또는 삭제하는 방법 저희는 데이터 액세스, 수정, 복사 및 삭제 기능을 제공합니다. Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 자세히 알아보세요. 저희는 더 이상 Meta 서비스 및 Meta 제품을 제공할 필요가 없는 시점, 그리고 회원님의 계정이 삭제되는 시점 중 먼저 도달하는 시점까지만 데이터를 저장합니다. 이는 데이터의 성격, 수집 및 처리된 이유, 관련된 법적 또는 운영상 보존 필요성과 같은 요인에 따라 개별적으로 결정됩니다. 예를 들어 회원님이 Facebook에서 무언가를 검색할 때 언제든지 검색 기록에서 해당 검색어에 액세스하고 삭제할 수 있지만, 해당 검색어에 대한 로그는 6개월 후에 삭제됩니다. 회원님이 계정 확인을 위해 정부가 발행한 신분증명서 사본을 제출하는 경우 저희는 달리 명시하지 않는 한 검토 후 30일 이내에 해당 사본을 삭제합니다. 공유된 콘텐츠 및 소셜 플러그인을 통해 얻은 쿠키 데이터 삭제 에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 계정을 삭제하면 회원님의 사진이나 상태 업데이트 등 회원님이 게시한 사항들이 삭제 되며 나중에 해당 정보를 복원할 수 없습니다. 다른 사람이 회원님에 대해 공유한 정보는 회원님의 계정에 포함되지 않으며 삭제되지 않습니다. 계정을 삭제하지 않고 제품 이용을 일시적으로 중단하려면 계정을 비활성화할 수 있습니다. 회원님의 계정을 삭제하려면 언제든지 Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 을 방문하세요. VI. 법적 요청에 대한 대응과 피해 방지 Meta는 회원님의 정보에 액세스하고 이를 보존하며 규제 당국, 사법당국 또는 다른 사람들과 이 정보를 공유합니다. 법적인 요청(예: 수색 영장, 법원 명령서, 소환장 등)이 수반되고 법의 집행을 위해 필요하다고 판단될 경우. 여기에는 미국 외 지역 관할권에서의 법적 요청이 수반되고, 해당 관할권의 법에 의해 필요성이 인정되며, 그 지역 내의 사용자들에게 영향을 미침과 동시에 국제적으로 용인되는 기준에 부합한다고 판단될 때 해당 관할권의 요청을 받아들이는 경우가 포함됩니다. Meta가 필요성을 인정할 경우 사기, 제품의 권한 없는 사용, 약관 또는 정책 위반, 또는 기타 유해하거나 불법적인 활동을 감지 및 예방하고 이에 대처하는 조치, 조사 또는 규제 요구를 포함하여 Meta(권리, 자산 또는 제품), 회원님 또는 다른 사람을 보호하기 위한 조치, 생명을 보호하고 상해를 막기 위한 조치가 필요합니다. 예를 들어 관련성이 있는 경우 저희는 제품의 사기, 남용 및 기타 유해한 활동을 방지하기 위해 계정의 신뢰성에 대한 정보를 제3자 파트너와 주고받습니다. 저희 제품을 이용한 구매 활동과 관련된 금융 거래 데이터를 포함해 저희가 수집하는 회원님의 정보는 법적인 요청이나 의무, 정부 조사, 저희의 약관과 정책에 대한 잠재적 위반에 대한 조사의 대상이 되는 경우 또는 다른 피해를 방지하기 위한 목적으로 장기간 액세스 및 보관될 수 있습니다. 또한 약관 악용 사례 또는 기타 약관에 대한 위반 행위의 반복을 막기 위해 약관 위반으로 비활성화된 계정의 정보를 최소 1년 이상 보존합니다. VII. 글로벌 서비스의 일환으로 데이터를 운영하고 이전하는 방법 저희는 본 개인정보처리방침에 따라 전 세계적으로 정보를 공유하는바, Meta Companies 내부적으로 정보를 공유하고, 외부적으로 저희의 파트너, 그리고 회원님이 연결하고 공유하는 대상과도 정보를 공유합니다. 예를 들어 회원님의 정보는 본 정책에 설명된 목적을 위해 미국 또는 회원님이 거주하는 지역 이외의 기타 국가로 이전 또는 전송되거나 이들 국가에서 저장 및 처리될 수 있습니다. 이러한 데이터 이전은 Meta 약관 및 Instagram 약관 에 명시된 서비스를 제공하고 저희 제품을 전 세계적으로 운영하며 회원님에게 제공하기 위해 필요합니다. 저희는 표준 계약 조항 을 활용하고, 해당할 경우 특정 국가에 대한 유럽연합 집행위원회의 적정성 결정 을 따르며, 미국 및 기타 국가로의 데이터 이전에 대해 회원님의 동의를 받습니다. VIII. 개인정보처리방침 변경 사항에 대한 안내 저희는 본 정책을 변경하기 전에 회원님에게 알리고, 회원님이 Facebook 제품 이용을 계속하기 전에 회원님에게 변경된 정책을 검토할 기회를 제공할 것입니다. 대한민국 개인정보 보호 고지사항 저희의 대한민국 개인정보 보호 고지사항 을 확인하여 회원님이 행사할 수 있는 개인정보 보호 권리, 저희가 회원님의 정보를 공유하는 제3자에 관한 상세 정보 및 기타 사항에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. IX. Meta에 문의하는 방법 Facebook 또는 Instagram 의 개인정보처리방침을 자세히 알아보세요. 본 정책에 관해 궁금하신 점이 있으면 아래에 설명된 바와 같이 Meta에 문의하실 수 있습니다. Meta Platforms, Inc.는 대한민국 사용자의 개인정보 관련 고충에 관한 문의를 위해 Privacy Agent Korea Co., Ltd.를 국내 대리인으로 지정하였습니다. 국내대리인에게 온라인 , 전화나 우편 또는 이메일로 문의하실 수 있습니다. Privacy Agent Korea Co., Ltd. ATTN: 대표이사 박천희 서울특별시 종로구 새문안로5가길 28 전화: 02-737-0455 저희는 Meta 개인정보처리방침 및 업무 방식에 관하여 회원님과 분쟁이 있을 경우 TrustArc를 통해 해결할 수 있습니다. 이에 관하여는 TrustArc의 웹사이트 를 통해 TrustArc에 문의하세요. 다음과 같은 방법으로 문의할 수 있습니다. 온라인 또는 우편 문의: Meta Platforms, Inc. ATTN: Privacy Operations 1601 Willow Road Menlo Park, CA 94025 최종 수정일: 2022년 1월 4일 Facebook의 데이터 정책에 동의합니다 서비스 약관 Meta 서비스 약관이 개정됩니다. 이 개정 사항은 2025년 1월 1일부터 적용됩니다. 새로운 약관을 읽어보세요 . Meta는 사람들이 서로 교류하고 커뮤니티를 만들며 비즈니스를 성장시킬 수 있는 기술과 서비스를 개발합니다. (본 약관이 아닌) 별도의 약관이 적용된다고 명시되어 있지 않은 한, 본 약관은 회원님의 Facebook, Messenger 및 기타 저희가 제공하는 제품, 기능, 앱, 서비스, 기술, 소프트웨어( Meta 제품 또는 제품 ) 이용에 적용됩니다. 해당 제품은 Meta Platforms, Inc.가 회원님에게 제공합니다. 달리 명시된 경우를 제외하고 저희는 회원님에게 Facebook 또는 기타 본 약관이 적용되는 제품 및 서비스의 사용료를 청구하지 않습니다. 그 대신, 비즈니스와 단체 및 다른 사람이 저희에게 그들의 제품 및 서비스 광고를 회원님에게 보여드리도록 비용을 지불합니다. 저희 제품을 이용함으로써 회원님은 저희가 회원님 및 회원님의 관심사와 관련 있을 수 있다고 생각하는 광고를 보여주는 것에 동의하게 됩니다. 저희는 회원님의 개인정보를 이용하여 회원님에게 보여드릴 맞춤형 광고를 결정합니다. 저희는 회원님의 개인정보를 광고주에게 판매하지 않으며, 회원님이 저희에게 특정 허락을 제공하지 않는 한 회원님을 직접 식별할 수 있는 정보(예를 들어 이름, 이메일 주소 또는 기타 연락처 정보)를 광고주에게 공유하지 않습니다. 대신 광고주는 광고를 노출하기를 원하는 타겟과 같은 정보를 저희에게 알려줄 수 있고, 저희는 관심이 있을 만한 사람에게 해당 광고를 노출합니다. 저희는 사람들이 광고주의 콘텐츠와 어떻게 상호작용하고 있는지를 이해할 수 있도록 광고주에게 광고 성과 보고서를 제공합니다. 본 약관에 따라 맞춤형 광고가 Meta 제품에서 작동하는 방식에 대해 더 알아보려면 아래 제2조를 참조하세요. 저희의 개인정보처리방침 에는 저희가 회원님에게 보여드릴 광고를 결정하고 아래 설명된 기타 모든 서비스를 제공하기 위해 회원님의 개인정보를 어떻게 수집하고 이용하는지가 설명되어 있습니다. 회원님은 또한 관련 Meta 제품의 설정 페이지에서 저희가 회원님의 데이터를 이용하는 방식에 관해 회원님이 선택할 수 있는 개인정보 설정을 언제든지 검토할 수 있습니다. 1. 저희가 제공하는 서비스 저희의 사명은 사람들이 커뮤니티를 이룰 수 있도록 하여 전 세계를 더욱 가까워지게 만드는 것입니다. 저희는 이를 실현하기 위해 회원님에게 아래에 설명된 제품과 서비스를 제공합니다: 맞춤화된 경험을 제공합니다. Facebook 뉴스피드나 저희의 동영상 플랫폼에 표시되는 게시물, 스토리, 이벤트, 광고 및 기타 콘텐츠부터 회원님이 팔로우하는 Facebook 페이지 및 회원님이 이용할 만한 기타 기능(예: Facebook Marketplace, 검색)에 이르기까지 회원님만을 위한 Facebook을 경험하실 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 회원님이 만드는 관계, 회원님이 선택하는 옵션 및 설정 사항, 회원님이 제품 내외에서 공유하고 활동하는 사항과 같은 데이터를 이용하여 회원님의 경험을 맞춤화합니다. 회원님을 회원님에게 중요한 사람 및 단체와 연결합니다. 저희는 회원님이 이용하는 여러 Meta 제품에서 회원님에게 중요한 사람, 그룹, 비즈니스, 단체 및 다양한 다른 사항들을 찾고 연결할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희는 회원님과 다른 사람들에게 제안(예: 가입할 그룹, 참석할 이벤트, 팔로우하거나 메시지를 보낼 Facebook 페이지, 시청할 프로그램 및 친구를 맺고 싶을 만한 사람 제안)하기 위해 데이터를 이용합니다. 더 친밀한 관계는 더 나은 커뮤니티를 만듭니다. 저희는 사람들이 본인이 관심 있는 사람, 그룹 및 단체와 연결될 때 저희 서비스가 가장 가치 있다고 믿습니다. 회원님이 자신을 표현하고 회원님이 중요하게 생각하는 것을 나눌 수 있도록 합니다. Facebook에서 회원님이 자신을 표현하고, 중요하게 생각하는 것을 친구와 가족, 다른 사람들과 나누는 방법에는 여러 가지(예: 여러 Meta 제품에서 회원님의 설정에 따라 상태 업데이트, 사진, 동영상 및 스토리 공유, 친구 또는 여러 사람에게 메시지 전송, 음성 또는 영상 통화 걸기, 이벤트 또는 그룹 생성, 프로필에 콘텐츠 추가, 다른 사람이 회원님의 콘텐츠에 참여하는 방식에 관한 인사이트 표시)가 있습니다. 또한 저희는 사람들이 증강 현실 및 360도 동영상과 같은 기술을 이용하여 Meta 제품에서 더욱 풍부하고 흥미로운 콘텐츠를 만들고 공유할 수 있도록 새로운 방법들을 개발해 왔고 또 계속해서 개발하고 있습니다. 회원님이 관심을 가질 만한 콘텐츠, 제품 및 서비스를 찾을 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희는 Facebook 및 기타 Meta 제품을 이용 중인 많은 비즈니스와 단체가 제공하는 콘텐츠, 제품 및 서비스를 발견하는 데 도움이 되는 맞춤형 광고, 제안 및 기타 광고 콘텐츠 또는 커머스 콘텐츠를 회원님에게 보여드립니다. 자세한 내용은 아래 제2조를 참조하시기 바랍니다. 저희 서비스의 안전, 보안 및 무결성을 향상하고, 유해 행위를 방지하고, 사용자 커뮤니티를 안전하게 보호합니다. 사람들은 자신이 안전하고 보호받고 있다고 느껴야만 Meta 제품에서 커뮤니티를 형성합니다. 저희는 저희 제품 및 서비스의 보안(가용성, 신뢰성, 무결성 및 기밀성 포함)을 유지하기 위해 노력합니다. 저희는 전 세계에 전담팀을 두고 외부 서비스 제공업체, 파트너 및 관련 단체와 협업하며 저희 제품의 잠재적 오용, 타인에 대한 유해 행위, 그리고 저희의 잠재적인 위반 콘텐츠 사용자 신고에 대한 응답을 포함하여 저희가 저희의 커뮤니티를 지원하거나 보호하는데 도움이 될 수 있는 상황을 감지하기 위해 최첨단 기술 시스템을 개발합니다. 저희는 이러한 콘텐츠 또는 행위를 발견하는 경우, 저희의 평가를 기반으로 알림 전송, 도움 제공, 콘텐츠 삭제, 특정 기능에 대한 접근 차단 또는 제한, 계정 비활성화 또는 사법당국에 연락 등 적절한 조치를 취할 것입니다. 저희는 저희 제품을 이용하는 사람의 오용 또는 유해 행위를 감지한 경우 또는 Meta 제품, 사용자 및 커뮤니티를 안전하게 보호하기 위해 Meta Companies 사이에 데이터를 공유합니다. 예를 들어, 저희는 금융 상품 및 서비스를 제공하는 Meta Companies와 정보를 공유하여 해당 회사의 안전, 보안, 무결성 향상과 관련 법률 준수를 돕습니다. Meta는 법률에 의해 요구되거나 허용된다는 선의의 믿음이 있는 경우 회원님에 관하여 수집한 정보를 액세스, 보존, 이용 및 공유할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 저희 개인정보처리방침 을 참고하세요. 경우에 따라 감독위원회가 위원회 약관 및 정관에 따라 저희의 결정을 검토할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 여기 에서 알아보세요. 모든 사람에게 안전하고 실용적인 서비스를 제공하기 위해 최첨단 기술을 사용하고 개발합니다. 저희는 사람들이 신체적 능력이나 지리적 위치와 관계없이 안전하게 저희의 제품을 이용할 수 있도록 인공 지능, 머신 러닝 시스템 및 증강 현실과 같은 최첨단 기술을 이용하고 개발하고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 이러한 기술은 시각 장애가 있는 사람들이 Facebook이나 Instagram에서 공유된 사진 또는 동영상에 무엇이 있는지, 누가 있는지 파악할 수 있도록 도움을 줍니다. 또한 인터넷 접속이 원활하지 않은 지역에서도 보다 많은 사람들이 인터넷을 이용할 수 있도록 첨단 네트워크 및 통신 기술을 구축하고 있습니다. 뿐만 아니라 저희는 저희 커뮤니티 및 제품의 무결성을 손상시킬 수 있는 유해하고 위험한 활동을 감지하여 삭제하는 기능을 개선하기 위해 자동화 시스템을 개발합니다. 저희의 서비스를 향상하기 위한 방법을 연구합니다. 저희는 저희 제품의 개발, 테스트 및 개선을 위한 연구를 진행합니다. 여기에는 설문 조사를 실시하고 새로운 기능의 테스트 및 문제 해결을 진행하는 등의 방법으로 저희가 보유한 사용자 데이터를 분석하며, 사람들이 저희의 제품을 이용하는 방식을 이해하는 작업이 포함됩니다. 저희의 개인정보처리방침 에는 저희가 저희 서비스를 개발하고 개선할 목적으로 이 연구를 지원하기 위해 데이터를 이용하는 방식이 설명되어 있습니다. Meta Company 제품 전반에 걸쳐 일관되고 원활한 경험을 제공합니다. 저희의 제품은 회원님에게 중요한 사람, 그룹, 비즈니스, 단체, 다른 사항을 찾고 연결할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희는 회원님이 이용하는 다양한 Meta Company 제품 에 걸쳐 일관되고 원활한 경험이 이뤄지도록 저희 시스템을 설계합니다. 예를 들어 회원님이 Facebook에서 소통하는 사람들에 대한 데이터를 이용해 Instagram 또는 Messenger에서도 쉽게 그들과 연결할 수 있도록 지원하며, Messenger를 통해 Facebook에서 팔로우하는 비즈니스와 소통할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희 서비스 이용에 대한 보장: 글로벌 서비스를 운영하고 회원님이 전 세계의 사람들과 연결될 수 있도록 하기 위하여, 저희는 회원님의 거주 국가 이외의 지역을 비롯하여 전 세계 데이터 센터, 파트너, 서비스 제공업체, 공급업체 및 시스템에 콘텐츠와 데이터를 이전, 저장, 배포해야 합니다. 저희 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 본 글로벌 인프라의 이용이 필수적입니다. 이 인프라는 Meta Platforms, Inc., Meta Platforms Ireland Limited 또는 그 계열사가 소유, 운영하거나 통제할 수 있습니다. 2. Meta 서비스를 위한 자금 조달 방식 Facebook과 기타 저희가 제공하는 제품 및 서비스의 사용료를 지불하지 않는 대신, 회원님은 본 약관이 적용되는 Meta 제품을 이용함으로써 비즈니스 및 단체들이 Meta Company 제품 내외에서 홍보를 위해 저희에게 비용을 지불한 맞춤형 광고 및 기타 상업적 콘텐츠와 홍보 콘텐츠를 보게 될 수 있다는 데 동의합니다. 저희는 회원님과 보다 관련성이 높을 수 있는 맞춤형 광고 및 홍보 콘텐츠를 보여드리기 위해 회원님의 활동 및 관심사에 대한 정보 등 회원님의 개인정보를 이용합니다. 개인정보 보호는 저희가 저희의 맞춤형 광고 시스템을 설계할 때 핵심적으로 고려해온 사안입니다. 즉, 저희는 광고주에게 회원님의 신원을 알리지 않고도 회원님에게 회원님과 관련 있고 유용한 광고를 보여드릴 수 있습니다. 저희는 회원님의 개인정보를 판매하지 않습니다. 저희는 광고주로 하여금 저희에게 그들의 비즈니스 목표, 광고 타게팅 대상(예: 사이클링을 좋아하는 18~35세 사이의 사람) 등을 알려줄 수 있도록 합니다. 저희는 그런 다음 해당 광고에 관심이 있을 만하다고 생각하는 사람에게 광고를 노출합니다. 저희는 또한 사람들이 Meta 제품 내외에서 광고주의 콘텐츠와 어떻게 상호작용하고 있는지 광고주들이 이해할 수 있도록 광고주들에게 광고의 성과 보고서를 제공합니다. 예를 들어 광고 타겟을 더 잘 파악할 수 있도록 광고주에게 일반적인 인구 통계학적 특성 및 관심사 정보(예: 마드리드에 거주하고 소프트웨어 엔지니어링을 좋아하는 25~34세 여성이 해당 광고를 보았음)를 제공합니다. 저희는 회원님이 구체적으로 허락하지 않는 한 회원님을 직접적으로 식별할 수 있는 정보(이름 또는 이메일 주소와 같이 그 정보만으로 회원님에게 연락을 취하는 데 이용될 수 있거나 회원님을 식별할 수 있는 정보)를 공유하지 않습니다. 여기 에서 Meta 광고의 작동 원리에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 저희는 위에 명시된 서비스를 회원님께 제공하기 위해 회원님의 개인정보를 수집하고 이용합니다. 저희의 개인정보처리방침 에서 저희의 데이터 수집 및 이용 방법에 대해 자세히 알아볼 수 있습니다. 회원님은 회원님이 보게 되는 광고와 광고주의 유형, 저희가 회원님에게 보여드릴 광고를 결정하기 위해 이용하는 정보의 유형을 통제할 수 있습니다. 더 알아보기. 3. Facebook 및 커뮤니티에 대한 약속 저희는 저희의 사명을 실현하기 위해 회원님 및 다른 사람들에게 본 서비스를 제공합니다. 이에 대해 회원님은 다음과 같은 약속을 해야 합니다. Facebook을 이용할 수 있는 사람 사람들이 각자의 의견과 행동에 대한 책임을 질 때 Facebook 커뮤니티는 더 안전하고 신뢰할 수 있는 공간이 됩니다. 이러한 이유로 회원님은 다음 사항을 준수해야 합니다. 일상생활에서 사용하는 것과 동일한 이름을 계정에 제공해야 합니다. 회원님에 관한 정확한 정보를 제공해야 합니다. 계정(본인 계정)은 하나만 만들고 개인적인 용도로 이용해야 합니다. 비밀번호를 공유하거나, 회원님의 Facebook 계정에 대한 접근 권한을 다른 사람에게 부	2026-01-13T08:48:31
https://forem.com/t/privacy#main-content	Privacy - Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # privacy Follow Hide Create Post Older #privacy posts 1 2 3 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Stop Sending Sensitive Data to the Cloud: Build a Local-First Mental Health AI with WebLLM Beck_Moulton Beck_Moulton Beck_Moulton Follow Jan 13 Stop Sending Sensitive Data to the Cloud: Build a Local-First Mental Health AI with WebLLM # privacy # typescript # webgpu # webllm Comments Add Comment 4 min read Building Voice Trainer: a tiny, local‑first pitch analysis tool for gender‑affirming voice practice codebunny20 codebunny20 codebunny20 Follow Jan 12 Building Voice Trainer: a tiny, local‑first pitch analysis tool for gender‑affirming voice practice # showdev # opensource # privacy # tooling Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why Your Secret Sharing Tool Needs Post-Quantum Cryptography Today Whaaat! Whaaat! Whaaat! Follow Jan 12 Why Your Secret Sharing Tool Needs Post-Quantum Cryptography Today # security # cryptography # webdev # privacy Comments Add Comment 2 min read Enhancing Privacy with Stealth Addresses on Public Blockchains Jinali Pabasara Jinali Pabasara Jinali Pabasara Follow Jan 13 Enhancing Privacy with Stealth Addresses on Public Blockchains # blockchain # web3 # privacy 1 reaction Comments 3 comments 5 min read Smart Contracts on Midnight: Programming Visibility, Not Storage Henry Odinakachukwu Henry Odinakachukwu Henry Odinakachukwu Follow Jan 12 Smart Contracts on Midnight: Programming Visibility, Not Storage # architecture # blockchain # privacy # web3 Comments Add Comment 1 min read I Almost Fell for a “Last Wish” Scam : Here’s What You Need to Know Om Shree Om Shree Om Shree Follow Jan 12 I Almost Fell for a “Last Wish” Scam : Here’s What You Need to Know # discuss # scam # security # privacy 23 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Today I Learned: How OpenAI/ChatGPT Uses Your Data for Training Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Today I Learned: How OpenAI/ChatGPT Uses Your Data for Training # privacy # openai # chatgpt # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read Digital Certificate Wallet: Beginner's Guide Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Digital Certificate Wallet: Beginner's Guide # beginners # security # privacy # mobile Comments Add Comment 2 min read KRACK Attack - When WPA2 Was Not as Safe as We Thought Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Vinay Sharma Follow Jan 10 KRACK Attack - When WPA2 Was Not as Safe as We Thought # cybersecurity # networking # privacy # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read “While Others Wait for VS Code to Load, I’m Already Coding in Ecode.” Lokajna Lokajna Lokajna Follow Jan 10 “While Others Wait for VS Code to Load, I’m Already Coding in Ecode.” # coding # vscode # opensource # privacy Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Built a Pastebin Where Even I Can't Read Your Data Ishan Naik Ishan Naik Ishan Naik Follow Jan 10 I Built a Pastebin Where Even I Can't Read Your Data # security # privacy # webdev # opensource 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Stop Feeding Big Tech AI: Why We Built a Private Cloud Storage Alternative Valt aoi Valt aoi Valt aoi Follow Jan 10 Stop Feeding Big Tech AI: Why We Built a Private Cloud Storage Alternative # ai # cloud # privacy # cloudstorage 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Built a Privacy-First Note-Taking App with Flutter — Here's What I Learned PRANTA Dutta PRANTA Dutta PRANTA Dutta Follow Jan 9 I Built a Privacy-First Note-Taking App with Flutter — Here's What I Learned # flutter # dart # mobile # privacy Comments Add Comment 4 min read 🩺 Move Over, Dr. Google: OpenAI Just Dropped "ChatGPT Health" and It’s a Privacy Nightmare (Or a Miracle?) Siddhesh Surve Siddhesh Surve Siddhesh Surve Follow Jan 9 🩺 Move Over, Dr. Google: OpenAI Just Dropped "ChatGPT Health" and It’s a Privacy Nightmare (Or a Miracle?) # ai # privacy # healthtech # futurechallenge Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Quiet Shift: From Chrome's Noise to Thorium's Silence Lokajna Lokajna Lokajna Follow Jan 10 The Quiet Shift: From Chrome's Noise to Thorium's Silence # browsers # privacy # opensource # chromium 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why I built a serverless WebP converter (Client-side WASM) Daniel Sheldon Daniel Sheldon Daniel Sheldon Follow Jan 8 Why I built a serverless WebP converter (Client-side WASM) # javascript # webassembly # tooling # privacy Comments Add Comment 1 min read An experiment in building a lightweight, ephemeral chat system vogchat vogchat vogchat Follow Jan 8 An experiment in building a lightweight, ephemeral chat system # discuss # architecture # privacy # showdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read Most “Private” Apps Still Leak More Than You Think PanamaSea_Studios PanamaSea_Studios PanamaSea_Studios Follow Jan 8 Most “Private” Apps Still Leak More Than You Think # privacy # security # networking # architecture Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why cookies are unreliable for identifying users Silver Rump Silver Rump Silver Rump Follow Jan 7 Why cookies are unreliable for identifying users # webdev # javascript # security # privacy Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a RAM-Only, End-to-End Encrypted Chat for the Terminal (Python) Dior Dior Dior Follow Jan 7 Building a RAM-Only, End-to-End Encrypted Chat for the Terminal (Python) # python # security # cli # privacy Comments Add Comment 1 min read Private & Fast: Building a Browser-Based Dermatology Screener with WebLLM and WebGPU Beck_Moulton Beck_Moulton Beck_Moulton Follow Jan 12 Private & Fast: Building a Browser-Based Dermatology Screener with WebLLM and WebGPU # privacy # ai # web # webdev Comments Add Comment 4 min read I Wanted a Video Editor With No Paywalls, No Accounts, and No Cloud — So I Built One Ju Ju Ju Follow Jan 6 I Wanted a Video Editor With No Paywalls, No Accounts, and No Cloud — So I Built One # showdev # javascript # privacy # tooling Comments Add Comment 2 min read Moving FFmpeg to the Browser: How I Saved 100% on Server Costs Using WebAssembly Baojian Yuan \| 袁保健 Baojian Yuan \| 袁保健 Baojian Yuan \| 袁保健 Follow Jan 6 Moving FFmpeg to the Browser: How I Saved 100% on Server Costs Using WebAssembly # javascript # performance # privacy Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Simplest Online Notepad for 2026: No Cloud, No Accounts, No Tracking techno kraft techno kraft techno kraft Follow Jan 6 The Simplest Online Notepad for 2026: No Cloud, No Accounts, No Tracking # showdev # webdev # privacy # tooling 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read I Built screen2.link to Share Screenshots Without Uploading Them Everywhere Christian Ahrweiler Christian Ahrweiler Christian Ahrweiler Follow Jan 6 I Built screen2.link to Share Screenshots Without Uploading Them Everywhere # showdev # privacy # productivity # tooling Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... trending guides/resources Opencode for Agentic Development with Local LLMs Run LLMs Completely Offline on Your Phone: A Practical Guide First steps towards Codeberg Meetily vs Otter.ai: Privacy-First Alternative for 2025 How to Install Meetily: Complete Desktop Setup Guide (Windows & macOS) 🏠 Self-Hosted AI Code Generation: The Complete Guide to Building Your Private AI Coding Assistant Building a Managed Database Service on €3 Hetzner Servers: The Economics of EU Cloud Sovereignty Meetily vs Fireflies.ai: The Bot-Free Meeting Assistant Alternative OmniDictate v2.0: The Future of Local Dictation on Windows I built an open-source, privacy-first PDF toolkit (80+ tools) to replace Adobe. Here is the stack. Federated Learning in 2025: What You Need to Know I Built a Zero-Knowledge VPN That Can't Track You (Even If It Wanted To) 7 Must-Try Open-Source AI Coding Models for Privacy, Speed, and Control Launching Formgrid: Open-Source, Privacy-Friendly Form Submission Service PearPass Desktop — Open-Source Peer-to-Peer Password Manager Built on Pear Runtime Free forever, privacy-first browser tools — 150+ utilities in one place Kohaku: A Practical Privacy Framework for Ethereum Wallets I Wanted a Video Editor With No Paywalls, No Accounts, and No Cloud — So I Built One Is Your AI Agent a Compliance Risk? How to Find Violations Hidden in Traces x402: A Web-Native Payment Protocol for Micropayments and Autonomous Agents 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a blogging-forward open source social network where we learn from one another Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:31
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Logan Johnston Posted on Sep 1, 2020 • Edited on Sep 9, 2020           useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays # react # hook # codenewbie # beginners The purpose of this article is to break down the use of the useState() React hook in an easy way using strings, objects, and arrays. We will also take a look at how these would be handled in class components. Disclaimer - I would normally create an onChange function separately but I find it easier to understand with an inline function. What is the setState function? The setState function is used to handle the state object in a React class component. This is something you will see a lot of in the examples below. Anytime you see a this.setState() this is how we are setting the state in a class component. What is a hook in React? React hooks were introduced in React v16.8. They allow you to use state and other React features without the need to create a class. Examples: Class component Functional component While these two code snippets look similar they do have slight differences in syntax, lifecycle methods, and state management. setState() vs useState() - Strings. setState() Class Component Using state in a class component requires the building of a state object. This state object is then modified by calling this.setState("new state"). In this example, we've created a state = { value: '' } object which has a value key and that key is initialized as an empty string. We've assigned an onChange event to the input so that every time we add or remove a character to the input we are calling the this.setState() . Here we areupdating the state using the value of the input ( e.target.value ) and setting it to the components state. useState() Functional Component With a functional component, we can use React hooks, specifically the useState() hook. This simplifies the creation of a state component and the function that updates it. We import {useState} from React and we are able to simply create a state and a function to set that state (state: value , setState: setValue ). The initial state of this component is set when calling useState , in this example, we are setting it to an empty string ( useState("") ). The only difference between the functional component and the class component at this point is instead of calling this.setState we use the function we created in the useState , in this case, setValue . setState() vs useState() - Objects. setState() Class Component Since state in a class component is already an object, it's business as usual. Use setState to populate the values of the state object. With the example above the users userName and email is stored in the state similar to the string version we talked about above. useState() Functional Component When we want to use the useState hook for an object we are going to initialize it to an empty object useState({}) . In this example, we are using the same setValue that we did in the string example but we've added a few things to our setValue function. First, we use the spread syntax to expand the current value before we add a new key-value pair. Second, we dynamically set the key using [e.target.name] , in this case, we are creating the key using the input's "name" attribute. Lastly, we are setting that key's value to the e.target.value . So after using the inputs we have an object with two keys {userName: "", email: ""} and their values. Creating an object could also be accomplished using multiple useState hooks and then bundling them into an object later if needed. See the example below. Note: I have my own preference for how to deal with objects while using hooks, and as you get more familiar you may find you enjoy either the class or functional component more than the other. setState() vs useState() - Arrays. Using arrays in stateful components can be extremely powerful, especially when creating things like a todo list. In these examples, we will be creating a very simple todo list. setState() Class Component When using an array in a stateful class component we need at least two keys in our state object. One would be the array itself todoArr: [] and the other would be the value that we are going to be pushing into the array todo: "" . In this example, we use the onChange attribute for our input to set the todo in our state object. We then have our Add Item button which when clicked will call our addItem function. In the addItem function we are going to create a list variable which is is an array that spreads the current todoArr and then adds the new todo item to the end of it. After creating the list array we use the setState function to replace the current todoArr with the new one and then set the todo back to an empty string to clear the input. Lastly at the bottom, we map through the current todoArr . The setState function will cause the component to rerender so every time you add an item it is immediately rendered onto the page. useState() Functional Component Dealing with the hooks in a function component seems extremely similar to the class component. We use the setTodo function to set our todo value in the onChange attribute of our input. We then have the same addItem function attached to the click of our Add Item button. The only difference we see here is that we don't create a list variable to pass into the hook. We could have avoided this in the class component but I think the readability when using the variable is much better. With the hook, I don't think the use of creating the list array beforehand is needed. We can spread the current array, add the new item, and then set the current todo back to an empty string so we can clear the input. Conclusion While using functional components with hooks is the new hotness, the state management is still very similar to the class components. If you're looking to start using function components with hooks over class components hopefully this post has helped you understand a little bit more about how to implement them. Top comments (2) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   forthebest forthebest forthebest Follow Joined Dec 26, 2020 • Feb 11 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide thanks Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   kevhines kevhines kevhines Follow A programmer first, then ran a comedy school for the UCB theater, now a programmer again. Location Maplewood, NJ Joined Jan 15, 2021 • Jan 18 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide very clear! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Logan Johnston Follow Full Stack Developer - React - Nodejs - Postgresql \| USN Veteran \| Web Design and Development Student Location San Diego, CA Joined Jun 29, 2020 Trending on DEV Community Hot How to Crack Any Software Developer Interview in 2026 (Updated for AI & Modern Hiring) # softwareengineering # programming # career # interview The First Week at a Startup Taught Me More Than I Expected # startup # beginners # career # learning From CDN to Pixel: A React App's Journey # react # programming # webdev # performance 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/basics/basic-workflow	The Basic Workflow \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download The Basic Workflow The basic Git workflow consists of editing files, staging changes, and committing snapshots. Let's take a look at this process in detail. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line The Basic Workflow of Version Control Before we get lost in Git commands, you should understand what a basic workflow with version control looks like. We'll walk through each step in detail later in this book. But first, let's get an understanding of what the workflow in general is like. The most basic building block of version control is a "repository". Glossary Repository Think of a repository as a kind of database where your VCS stores all the versions and metadata that accumulate in the course of your project. In Git, the repository is just a simple hidden folder named ".git" in the root directory of your project. Knowing that this folder exists is more than enough. You don't have to (and, moreover, should not) touch anything inside this magical folder. Getting such a repository on your local machine can be done in two ways: (a) If you have a project locally on your computer that is not yet under version control, you can initialize a new repository for this project. (b) If you're getting on board of a project that's already running, chances are there is a repository on a remote server (on the internet or on your local network). You'll then probably be provided with a URL to this repository that you will then "clone" (download / copy) to your local computer. (1) As soon as you have a local repository, you can start working on your files: modify, delete, add, copy, rename, or move files in whatever application (your favorite editor, a file browser, ...) you prefer. In this step, you don't have to watch out for anything . Just make any changes necessary to move your project forward. (2) It's only when you feel you've reached a noteworthy state that you have to consider version control again. Then it's time to wrap up your changes in a commit. Glossary Commit A commit is a wrapper for a specific set of changes. The author of a commit has to comment what he did in a short "commit message". This helps other people (and himself) to understand later what his intention was when making these changes. Every set of changes implicitly creates a new, different version of your project. Therefore, every commit also marks a specific version. It's a snapshot of your complete project at that certain point in time (but saved in a much more efficient way than simply duplicating the whole project...). The commit knows exactly how all of your files and directories looked and can therefore be used, e.g., to restore the project to that certain state. (3) However, before you commit, you'll want to get an overview of what you've changed so far. The "Working Copy" view in Tower shows you a complete list of all the changes you performed since the last commit: which files did you change? Did you create any new ones or deleted some old ones? (4) Next, you tell Git which of your local changes you want to wrap up in the next commit. Only because a file was changed doesn't mean it will be part of the next commit! Instead, you have to explicitly decide which changes you want to include. To do this, you add them to the so-called "Staging Area". (5) Now, having added some changes to the Staging Area, it's time to actually commit these changes. You'll have to add a short and meaningful message that describes what you actually did. The commit will then be recorded in your local Git repository, marking a new version of your project. (6) From time to time, you'll want to have a look at what happened in the project - especially if you're working together with other people. Tower's "History" view lists all the commits that were saved in chronological order. This allows you to see which changes were made in detail and helps you comprehend how the project evolved. (7) Also when collaborating with others, you'll both want to share (some of) your changes with them and receive the changes they made. A remote repository on a server is used to make this exchange possible. Glossary Local & Remote Repositories There are two kinds of repositories: A "local" repository resides on your local computer, as a ".git" folder inside your project's root folder. You are the only person that can work with this repository, by committing changes to it. A "remote" repository, in contrast, is typically located on a remote server on the internet or in your local network. No actual working files are associated with a remote repository: it has no working directory but it exclusively consists of the ".git" repository folder. Teams are using remote repositories to share & exchange data: they serve as a common base where everybody can publish their own changes and receive changes from their teammates. Setting Up Git on Your Computer Contents Creating a Local Repository Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/branching-merging/working-with-branches	Working with Branches \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Working with Branches Once you've created a branch, you can work on it just like you would work on the main branch. This chapter explains how to do that. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Working with Branches Until now, we haven't taken much notice of branches in our example project. However, without knowing, we were already working on a branch! This is because branches aren't optional in Git: you are always working on a certain branch - the currently active , or " checked out ", or " HEAD " branch. So, which branch is HEAD at the moment? Tower tells you both in the sidebar (appending " HEAD " to the current branch) and in the Working Copy view, on the top. The "master" branch was created by Git automatically for us when we started the project. Although you could rename or delete it, you'll have a hard time finding a project without it because most people just keep it. But please keep in mind that "master" is by no means a special or magical branch. It's like any other branch! Now, let's start working on a new feature - the "contact-form" feature. Creating a New Branch We'll create a new branch, based off of the "master" branch. To do that, drag "master" and drop it on the BRANCHES section header in the sidebar. We'll create a new branch, based off of the "master" branch. To do that, right-click "master" in the sidebar and choose "Create New Branch from master". In the dialog that follows, we'll enter "contact-form" as the new branch's name and confirm with the "Create Branch" button. The sidebar now shows that a new "contact-form" item was created. Note, however, that we only created that new branch - we didn't make it active . Before checking out that new branch, it's a good idea to have another look at our current Working Copy status: Oh, right: we still have some changes in "icon.png" in our working copy! Actually, we just wanted to start working on our new "contact-form" branch; but these changes don't belong to this feature. So what do we do with them? One way to get this work-in-progress out of the way would be to simply commit it. But committing half-done work is a bad habit. The Golden Rules of Version Control No. 4: Never Commit Half-Done Work You should only commit code when it’s completed. This doesn’t mean you have to complete a whole, large feature before committing. Quite the contrary: split the feature’s implementation into logical chunks and remember to commit early and often. But don’t commit just to get half-done work out of your way when you need a "clean working copy". For these cases, consider using Git’s “Stash” feature instead. Branching Changes Your Life Contents Saving Changes Temporarily Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! 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Check out all the updates i… Read article Building AI Agents in Kotlin – Part 4: Delegation and Sub-Agents Previously in this series: Building AI Agents in Kotlin – Part 1: A Minimal Coding Agent Building AI Agents in Kotlin – Part 2: A Deeper Dive Into Tools Building AI Agents in Kotlin – Part 3: Under Observation In the previous installment, we saw how to set up tracing, which brings us t… Bruno Lannoo Advent of Code 2025 in Kotlin: Puzzles, Prizes, and Community Thank you to everyone who participated in Advent of Code 2025 in Kotlin! Once again, it was a joy to see so many of you sharing solutions, cheering each other on in Slack, and keeping the holiday coding spirit alive. This year, we kicked things off with five days of livestreams on December 1–5, w… Ksenia Shneyveys How to Troubleshoot Builds With TeamCity Dashboards This article was brought to you by Damaso Sanoja, draft.dev. If you're spending your mornings debugging Jenkins pipeline failures, waiting for builds that should take minutes but stretch into hours, or scrambling to identify which plugin update broke your deployment process, you're not alone. The… Dmitrii Korovin Dancing Backwards With Go John Arundel's article shows you how writing tests first helps build a correct Go function, catch bugs early, and refactor safely using clear, simple steps. Dominika Stankiewicz Bringing Real Users Into a Product Team Gathering – A JetBrains Research Story In product development, assumptions about how people will use a tool don’t always align with the practical reality. Last spring, during a gathering of our Junie team, we set out to bridge that gap by trying something new. We ran two hands-on user workshops – one online and another in our Belgrade… Innokentii Burtsev Java Annotated Monthly – January 2026 Happy New Year and welcome to the first Java Annotated Monthly of 2026! 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Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Publishing a Local Branch A local branch that you create on your machine is kept private to you until you explicitly decide to publish it. This means that it's perfectly possible to keep some of your work private while sharing only certain other branches with the world. Let's share our "contact-form" branch (which hasn't been published until now) on the remote. To do so, either drag the local branch and drop it onto the remote item where you want to publish it - or right-click it and choose "Publish <branch name>...". To do so, simply right-click it and choose "Publish <branch name>...". In most cases, the following things make sense when you publish a branch: (a) Establish a tracking connection between the branches by ticking the "Track" option. (b) Keep the names between local branches and their remote counterparts the same. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Architecture Follow Hide The fundamental structures of a software system. Create Post Older #architecture posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 387 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Is an AI Model Software? – A Low‑Level Technical View Ben Santora Ben Santora Ben Santora Follow Jan 12 Is an AI Model Software? – A Low‑Level Technical View # discuss # ai # architecture # software 9 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Underlying Process of Request Processing Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Sergiy Yevtushenko Follow Jan 12 The Underlying Process of Request Processing # java # functional # architecture # backend Comments Add Comment 4 min read Contrast sync vs async failure classes using first principles Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Follow Jan 13 Contrast sync vs async failure classes using first principles # architecture # computerscience # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to Question Any System Design Problem (With Live Interview Walkthrough) Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Follow Jan 13 How to Question Any System Design Problem (With Live Interview Walkthrough) # architecture # career # interview # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read Thinking in First Principles: How to Question an Async Queue–Based Design Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Follow Jan 13 Thinking in First Principles: How to Question an Async Queue–Based Design # architecture # interview # learning # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read EP 8: The Legend of "ShopStream": A Tale of Two Architectures Hrishikesh Dalal Hrishikesh Dalal Hrishikesh Dalal Follow Jan 10 EP 8: The Legend of "ShopStream": A Tale of Two Architectures # systemdesign # webdev # architecture # microservices Comments Add Comment 4 min read How I Built a Production AI Chatbot (That Actually Handles Complexity) Rizwanul Islam Rizwanul Islam Rizwanul Islam Follow Jan 13 How I Built a Production AI Chatbot (That Actually Handles Complexity) # nextjs # ai # openai # architecture Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Identify System Design Problems from First Principles Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Follow Jan 13 How to Identify System Design Problems from First Principles # architecture # interview # systemdesign # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read From Startup to Unicorn: A Blueprint for Secure Enterprise Architecture Eber Cruz Eber Cruz Eber Cruz Follow Jan 13 From Startup to Unicorn: A Blueprint for Secure Enterprise Architecture # software # architecture # springboot # startup Comments Add Comment 3 min read Infrastructure for Extensible Multi-Stage Workflows Across Multiple Data Types Michael Gantman Michael Gantman Michael Gantman Follow Jan 12 Infrastructure for Extensible Multi-Stage Workflows Across Multiple Data Types # architecture # java # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 48 min read SwiftUI Error Recovery & Retry Systems (Resilient Architecture) Sebastien Lato Sebastien Lato Sebastien Lato Follow Jan 12 SwiftUI Error Recovery & Retry Systems (Resilient Architecture) # swiftui # architecture # errors # retry Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a 49-Country Exchange Calculator with a Single Static Page 임세환 임세환 임세환 Follow Jan 13 Building a 49-Country Exchange Calculator with a Single Static Page # architecture # frontend # javascript Comments Add Comment 2 min read Inside SQLite: Naming files Athreya aka Maneshwar Athreya aka Maneshwar Athreya aka Maneshwar Follow Jan 12 Inside SQLite: Naming files # webdev # programming # database # architecture 15 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building a Multifunctional Discord Bot: A Comprehensive Technical Deep Dive J3ffJessie J3ffJessie J3ffJessie Follow Jan 12 Building a Multifunctional Discord Bot: A Comprehensive Technical Deep Dive # api # architecture # tutorial 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 10 min read A Lightweight, Plugin-Oriented ETL Engine for Data Synchronization Built on Akka.NET Ryan Xu Ryan Xu Ryan Xu Follow Jan 12 A Lightweight, Plugin-Oriented ETL Engine for Data Synchronization Built on Akka.NET # architecture # csharp # dataengineering Comments Add Comment 4 min read 🚀 The "Celebrity Problem": How to Handle the Taylor Swifts of Your Database 🎤📈 charan koppuravuri charan koppuravuri charan koppuravuri Follow Jan 13 🚀 The "Celebrity Problem": How to Handle the Taylor Swifts of Your Database 🎤📈 # systemdesign # architecture # distributedsystems # backend Comments Add Comment 3 min read Never WordPress Again: Why the Legacy Giant Feels Like a Prison for Modern Devs (2026) Hendrik Haustein Hendrik Haustein Hendrik Haustein Follow Jan 13 Never WordPress Again: Why the Legacy Giant Feels Like a Prison for Modern Devs (2026) # webdev # architecture # jamstack # ssg 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read Smart Coding vs Vibe Coding: Engineering Discipline in the Age of AI Andrey Kolkov Andrey Kolkov Andrey Kolkov Follow Jan 12 Smart Coding vs Vibe Coding: Engineering Discipline in the Age of AI # programming # ai # productivity # architecture 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 15 min read Q&A on "Why XLang Is an Innovative Programming Language" canonical canonical canonical Follow Jan 12 Q&A on "Why XLang Is an Innovative Programming Language" # nop # programming # architecture # java Comments Add Comment 15 min read GraphRAG and Agentic Architecture: A Look Inside NeoConverse Kumar Kislay Kumar Kislay Kumar Kislay Follow Jan 12 GraphRAG and Agentic Architecture: A Look Inside NeoConverse # agents # architecture # rag Comments Add Comment 3 min read Smart Contracts on Midnight: Programming Visibility, Not Storage Henry Odinakachukwu Henry Odinakachukwu Henry Odinakachukwu Follow Jan 12 Smart Contracts on Midnight: Programming Visibility, Not Storage # architecture # blockchain # privacy # web3 Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why I Divorced Laravel Observers Rafhael Marsigli Rafhael Marsigli Rafhael Marsigli Follow Jan 12 Why I Divorced Laravel Observers # laravel # php # architecture # backend Comments Add Comment 3 min read Code ownership is not “please fix this for me” maria tzanidaki maria tzanidaki maria tzanidaki Follow Jan 12 Code ownership is not “please fix this for me” # discuss # architecture # codequality # leadership 2 reactions Comments 3 comments 3 min read From Web to Desktop: Building CodeForge Portable with WebView2 Francesco Marconi Francesco Marconi Francesco Marconi Follow Jan 12 From Web to Desktop: Building CodeForge Portable with WebView2 # webview2 # 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Aisalkyn Aidarova Aisalkyn Aidarova Aisalkyn Aidarova Follow Jan 12 What problem do Config & Secret solve? # architecture # devops # kubernetes 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Composition in React: Building like a Senior React Dev 5 Must-Read Books to Master Software Architecture and System Design Diagram as Code en 2025 : Le repas de famille des outils 5 Must-Read Books for Backend Engineers in 2026 The .NET Cross-Platform Showdown: MAUI vs Uno vs Avalonia (And Why Avalonia Won) The Art of Software Architecture: A Desi Developer's Guide to Building Systems That Actually Work Python Registry Pattern: A Clean Alternative to Factory Classes 2025 Year in Review: Apache Iceberg, Polaris, Parquet, and Arrow You're Not Building Netflix: Stop Coding Like You Are My 2026 Tech Stack is Boring as Hell (And That is the Point) Anthropic Bought Bun: Here's What It Really Means for Us How to deploy MCP Servers on AWS with the Best Practices Google Sign-In in React Native (Expo): A Practical, Production-Ready Guide Spring Boot Security tokens Validation locally using Keycloak’s public keys (JWKS) My Smooth Journey Setting Up Dual Boot: Windows + Fedora Workstation Linux 🚀🐧 Best LLM inference providers. Groq vs. Cerebras: Which Is the Fastest AI Inference Provider? When Should You Use Backblaze B2 and When Should You Use Cloudflare R2? Achieving Idempotency with the Inbox Pattern Efficient S3 File Uploads: Speed & Large File Handling in Spring Boot How to Structure a .NET Solution That Actually Scales: Clean Architecture Guide 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Open Forem Close The "Cloud" Follow Hide There is no cloud, only other peoples computers. Create Post submission guidelines Be nice. Be respectful. Assume best intentions. Be kind, rewind. Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu 🚀 Roast My Portfolio: I Launched mobeenfolio.com (Built with React & Firebase) long time ago. Mobeen ul Hassan Hashmi Mobeen ul Hassan Hashmi Mobeen ul Hassan Hashmi Follow Jan 4 🚀 Roast My Portfolio: I Launched mobeenfolio.com (Built with React & Firebase) long time ago. # discuss # cloud # showcase # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read Solved: I hired two junior people and realized media buyers being bad at creative strategy is actually a huge problem Darian Vance Darian Vance Darian Vance Follow Dec 31 '25 Solved: I hired two junior people and realized media buyers being bad at creative strategy is actually a huge problem # devops # programming # tutorial # cloud Comments Add Comment 7 min read Solved: PoE+++?! WHEN WILL THE MADNESS END? Darian Vance Darian Vance Darian Vance Follow Dec 28 '25 Solved: PoE+++?! 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Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Mike Hanley · @mph4 December 20, 2022 \| Updated May 15, 2023 \| 7 minutes Share: It’s that time of year where we’re all looking back at what we’ve accomplished and thinking ahead to goals and plans for the calendar year to come. As part of GitHub Universe , I shared some numbers that provided a window into the work our engineering and security teams drive each day on behalf of our community, customers, and Hubbers. As someone who loves data, it’s not just fun to see how we operate GitHub at scale, but it’s also rewarding to see how this work contributes to our vision to be the home for all developers–which includes our own engineering and security teams. Over the course of the past year 1 , GitHub staff made millions of commits across all of our internal repositories. That’s a ton of branches, pull requests, Issues, and more. We processed billions of API requests daily. And we ran tens of thousands of production deployments across the internal apps that power GitHub’s services. If you do the math, that’s hundreds of deploys per day . GitHub is big. But the reality is, no matter your size, your scale, or your stage, we’re all dealing with the same questions. Those questions boil down to how to optimize for productivity , collaboration , and, of course, security . It’s a running joke internally that you have to type “GitHub” three times to get to the monolith. So, let’s take a look at how we at GitHub (1) use GitHub (2) to build the GitHub (3) you rely on. Productivity GitHub’s cloud-powered experiences, namely Codespaces and GitHub Copilot, have been two of the biggest game changers for us in the past few years. Codespaces It’s no secret that local development hasn’t evolved much in the past decade. The github/github repository, where much of what you experience on GitHub.com lives, is fairly large and took several minutes to clone even on a good network connection. Combine this with setting up dependencies and getting your environment the way you like it, spinning up a local environment used to take 45 minutes to go from checkout to a built local developer environment. But now, with Codespaces, a few clicks and less than 60 seconds later, you’re in a working development environment that’s running on faster hardware than the MacBook I use daily. Heating my home office in the chilly Midwest with my laptop doing a local build was nice, but it’s a thing of the past. Moving to Codespaces last year has truly impacted our day-to-day developer experience, and we’re not looking back. GitHub Copilot We’ve been using GitHub Copilot for more than a year internally, and it still feels like magic to me every day. We recently published a study that looked at GitHub Copilot performance across two groups of developers–one that used GitHub Copilot and one that didn’t. To no one’s surprise, the group that used GitHub Copilot was able to complete the same task 55% faster than the group that didn’t have GitHub Copilot. Getting the job done faster is great, but the data also provided incredible insight into developer satisfaction. Almost three-quarters of the developers surveyed said that GitHub Copilot helped them stay in the flow and spend more time focusing on the fun parts of their jobs. When was the last time you adopted an experience that made you love your job more? It’s an incredible example of putting developers first that has completely changed how we build here at GitHub. Collaboration At GitHub, we’re remote-first and we have highly distributed teams, so we prioritize discoverability and how we keep teams up-to-date across our work. That’s where tools like Issues and projects come into play. They allow us to plan, track, and collaborate in a centralized place that’s right next to the code we’re working on. Incorporating projects across our security team has made it easier for us to not only track our work, but also to help people understand how their work fits into the company’s broader mission and supports our customers. Projects gives us a big picture view of our work, but what about the more tactical discovery of a file, function, or new feature another team is building? When you’re working on a massive 15-year-old codebase (looking at you, GitHub), sometimes you need to find code that was written well before you even joined the company, and that can feel like trying to find a needle in a haystack. So, we’ve adopted the new code search and code view , which has helped our developers quickly find what they need without losing velocity. This improved discoverability, along with the enhanced organization offered by Issues and projects, has had huge implications for our teams in terms of how we’ve been able to collaborate across groups. Shifting security left Like we saw when we looked at local development environments, the security industry still struggles with the same issues that have plagued us for more than a decade. Exposed credentials, as an example, are still the root cause for more than half of all data breaches today 2 . Phishing is still the best, and cheapest, way for an adversary to get into organizations and wreak havoc. And we’re still pleading with organizations to implement multi-factor authentication to keep the most basic techniques from bad actors at bay. It’s time to build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. The software supply chain starts with the developer. Normalizing the use of strong authentication is one of the most important ways that we at GitHub, the home of open source, can help defend the entire ecosystem against supply chain attacks. We enforce multi-factor authentication with security keys for our internal developers, and we’re requiring that every developer who contributes software on GitHub.com enable 2FA by the end of next year. The closer we can bring our security and engineering teams together, the better the outcomes and security experiences we can create together. Another way we do that is by scaling the knowledge of our security teams with tools like CodeQL to create checks that are deployed for all our developers, protecting all our users. And because the CodeQL queries are open source, the vulnerability patterns shared by security teams at GitHub or by our customers end up as CodeQL queries that are then available for everyone. This acts like a global force multiplier for security knowledge in the developer and security communities. Security shouldn’t be gatekeeping your teams from shipping. It should be the process that enables them to ship quickly–remember our hundreds of production deployments per day?–and with confidence. Big, small, or in-between As you see, GitHub has the same priorities as any other development team out there. It doesn’t matter if you’re processing billions of API requests a day, like we are, or if you’re just starting on that next idea that will be launched into the world. These are just a few ways over the course of the last year that we’ve used GitHub to build our own platform securely and improve our own developer experiences, not only to be more productive, collaborative, and secure , but to be creative, to be happier, and to build the best work of our lives. To learn more about how we use GitHub to build GitHub, and to see demos of the features highlighted here, take a look at this talk from GitHub Universe 2022. Notes Data collected January-October 2022  ↩ Verizon DBIR   ↩ Tags: How GitHub builds GitHub Written by Mike Hanley @mph4 Mike Hanley is the Chief Security Officer and SVP of Engineering at GitHub. Prior to GitHub, Mike was the Vice President of Security at Duo Security, where he built and led the security research, development, and operations functions. After Duo’s acquisition by Cisco for $2.35 billion in 2018, Mike led the transformation of Cisco’s cloud security framework and later served as CISO for the company. Mike also spent several years at CERT/CC as a Senior Member of the Technical Staff and security researcher focused on applied R&D programs for the US Department of Defense and the Intelligence Community. When he’s not talking about security at GitHub, Mike can be found enjoying Ann Arbor, MI with his wife and eight kids. How GitHub builds GitHub More on How GitHub builds GitHub Introducing sub-issues: Enhancing issue management on GitHub Explore the iterative development journey of GitHub’s sub-issues feature. Learn how we leveraged sub-issues to build and refine sub-issues, breaking down larger tasks into smaller, manageable ones. Shaun Wong How we built the GitHub Skyline CLI extension using GitHub GitHub uses GitHub to build GitHub, and our CLI extensions are no exception. Read on to find out how we built the GitHub Skyline CLI extension using GitHub! Chris Reddington Related posts Engineering Post-quantum security for SSH access on GitHub GitHub is introducing post-quantum secure key exchange methods for SSH access to better protect Git data in transit. brian m. carlson & Taylor Blau Engineering How GitHub engineers tackle platform problems Our best practices for quickly identifying, resolving, and preventing issues at scale. Fabian Aguilar Gomez Application development GitHub Issues search now supports nested queries and boolean operators: Here’s how we (re)built it Plus, considerations in updating one of GitHub’s oldest and most heavily used features. Deborah Digges Explore more from GitHub Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs The ReadME Project Stories and voices from the developer community. Learn more GitHub Actions Native CI/CD alongside code hosted in GitHub. 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Terms Privacy Manage Cookies Do not share my personal information LinkedIn icon GitHub on LinkedIn Instagram icon GitHub on Instagram YouTube icon GitHub on YouTube X icon GitHub on X TikTok icon GitHub on TikTok Twitch icon GitHub on Twitch GitHub icon GitHub’s organization on GitHub	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.facebook.com/r.php?r=101#data-special-protections	Facebook에 가입하기 새 계정 만들기 빠르고 쉽게 가입할 수 있습니다. 브라우저에서 Javascript가 비활성화되었습니다. 브라우저에서 JavaScript를 활성화하거나 Javascript 이용이 가능한 브라우저로 업그레이드하신 후 Facebook에 가입하세요. 오류가 발생했습니다. 다시 시도하세요. 계정을 만들 수 없습니다 Facebook에 가입하지 못했습니다. 생일 2026 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948 1947 1946 1945 1944 1943 1942 1941 1940 1939 1938 1937 1936 1935 1934 1933 1932 1931 1930 1929 1928 1927 1926 1925 1924 1923 1922 1921 1920 1919 1918 1917 1916 1915 1914 1913 1912 1911 1910 1909 1908 1907 1906 1905 1월 2월 3월 4월 5월 6월 7월 8월 9월 10월 11월 12월 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 연령 생년월일 사용 성별 여성 남성 직접 지정 회원님을 지칭할 성별대명사를 선택하세요 여성(She): "생일을 축하해주세요!" 남성(He): "생일을 축하해주세요!" 성별무관(They): "생일을 축하해주세요!" 성별대명사는 모든 사람에게 공개됩니다. 저희 서비스를 이용하는 사람이 회원님의 연락처 정보를 Facebook에 업로드했을 수도 있습니다. 더 알아보기 . 가입하기 버튼을 클릭하면 Facebook의 약관 , 개인정보처리방침 및 쿠키 정책 에 동의하게 됩니다. Facebook으로부터 SMS 알림을 받을 수 있으며 알림은 언제든지 옵트 아웃할 수 있습니다. 가입하기 이미 계정이 있으신가요? 보안 확인 필수 입력 항목입니다. 이 내용이 표시되는 이유는? 보안 확인 자동가입방지 문자 입력은 스패머가 자동 요청을 보내는 것을 방지하기 위해 Meta에서 사용하는 표준 보안 테스트입니다. Facebook의 이름이 Meta로 변경됩니다. 저희는 2022년 1월 4일에 새 이름을 반영하여 이용 약관, 데이터 정책 및 쿠키 정책을 개정했습니다. 회사명이 바뀌더라도 Facebook 앱을 포함한 모든 동일한 제품이 Meta에서 지속적으로 제공됩니다. 기존의 데이터 정책 및 서비스 약관은 효력을 유지하며, 이번 이름 변경으로 인해 저희의 기존 데이터 사용 및 공유 방식이 변경되지는 않습니다. Meta 와 Meta의 메타버스 비전을 자세히 알아보세요. 데이터 정책 이 정책에서는 Facebook, Instagram, Messenger 및 Meta Platforms, Inc.가 제공하는 기타 제품 및 기능을 지원하기 위해 저희가 처리하는 정보를 설명합니다. ( Meta 제품 또는 제품). 추가적인 도구 및 정보는 Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 확인할 수 있습니다. I. 저희가 수집하는 정보의 유형 Meta 제품을 제공하기 위해 저희는 회원님에 대한 정보를 처리해야 합니다. 수집하는 정보의 유형은 회원님이 저희 제품을 이용하는 방법에 따라 다릅니다. Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에 접속하여 저희가 수집한 정보에 액세스하고 이를 삭제하는 방법에 대해 알아보실 수 있습니다. 회원님 및 다른 사람의 활동 및 제공하는 정보. 회원님이 제공하는 정보 및 콘텐츠. 저희는 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용(계정 가입, 콘텐츠 작성 또는 공유, 다른 사람들과의 메시지 전송 또는 커뮤니케이션 포함)할 때 제공하는 콘텐츠, 커뮤니케이션 및 기타 정보를 수집합니다. 여기에는 사진 촬영 장소나 파일 생성 날짜와 같이 회원님이 제공한 콘텐츠에 포함되거나 관련된 정보(메타데이터 등)가 포함될 수 있습니다. 또한 여기에는 카메라 와 같이 저희가 제공하는 기능을 통해 표시되는 내용도 포함되므로, 회원님이 좋아할 만한 마스크와 필터를 제안하거나, 카메라 형식 사용에 관한 팁을 제공할 수도 있습니다. Meta 시스템은 아래 에 명시된 목적을 위해 회원님과 다른 사람들이 제공한 콘텐츠 및 커뮤니케이션을 자동으로 처리하여, 배경과 그 내용을 분석합니다. 회원님이 공유 한 항목을 볼 수 있는 사람을 관리하는 방법에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 특별 보호를 받는 정보: Facebook 프로필 필드 또는 중요 이벤트에 회원님의 종교관, 정치관, '관심 있는' 사람 또는 건강 정보를 제공하도록 선택할 수 있습니다. 이러한 정보 및 기타 정보(예를 들어 인종 또는 민족적 태생, 철학적 신념 또는 노동조합 가입 여부)는 회원님의 해당 국가 법률에 따라 특별 보호를 받을 수 있습니다. 네트워크 및 연결. 저희는 회원님과 연결된 사람, 계정, 해시태그 , Facebook 그룹 및 페이지 (예를 들어 저희 제품에서 회원님이 가장 많이 연락하는 사람이나 회원님이 속한 그룹)에 대한 정보 및 이들과 연락하는 방식에 대한 정보를 수집합니다. 또한 회원님이 연락처 정보(예를 들어 주소록, 통화 로그 또는 SMS 로그 기록)를 기기에서 업로드, 동기화 또는 가져오기로 선택 하는 경우 해당 연락처 정보를 수집합니다. 이 연락처 정보는 회원님 및 다른 사람들이 알 수도 있는 사람들을 찾도록 돕고 아래 에 나열된 기타 목적을 위해 이용됩니다. 회원님의 이용. 저희는 회원님이 보거나 참여하는 콘텐츠의 유형, 사용하는 기능, 수행하는 행동, 교류하는 사람 또는 계정, 활동 시간, 빈도 및 기간 등 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용하는 방법에 대한 정보를 수집합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용한 시간, 마지막으로 이용한 시간, Meta 제품에서 확인한 게시물, 동영상 및 기타 콘텐츠를 기록합니다. 또한 저희는 회원님이 카메라와 같은 기능들을 사용하는 방법에 대한 정보도 수집합니다. Meta 제품에서 이뤄진 거래에 관한 정보. 회원님이 구매 또는 기타 금융 거래를 위해 Meta 제품을 이용하는 경우(예를 들어 게임 내에서 구매하거나 기부 하는 경우) 저희는 구매 또는 거래에 관한 정보를 수집합니다. 여기에는 신용카드 또는 직불카드 번호 및 기타 카드 정보, 기타 계정 및 인증 정보, 청구, 배송 및 연락처와 같은 결제 정보가 포함됩니다. 다른 사람의 활동 및 다른 사람이 회원님에 관해 제공한 정보. 또한 저희는 다른 사람이 Meta 제품을 이용할 때 그들이 제공하는 콘텐츠, 커뮤니케이션 및 정보를 수집하고 분석합니다. 여기에는 다른 사람이 언제 회원님의 사진을 공유하거나 회원님의 사진에 댓글을 남기는지, 언제 회원님에게 메시지를 보내는지, 언제 회원님의 연락처 정보를 업로드, 동기화 또는 가져오는지 등과 같은 회원님에 관한 정보가 포함될 수 있습니다. 기기 정보 아래에 설명된 바와 같이, 저희는 회원님이 사용하여 Facebook 제품과 통합되는 컴퓨터, 전화, 스마트 TV 및 기타 웹 연결 기기로부터, 그리고 해당 기기에 관한 정보를 수집하고, 회원님이 사용하는 여러 기기에 이 정보를 결합합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 회원님의 휴대폰에서 Facebook 제품 이용에 관해 수집한 정보를 이용하여, 회원님이 노트북이나 태블릿과 같은 다른 기기에서 Facebook 제품을 이용할 때 보게 되는 콘텐츠( 광고 포함) 또는 기능을 회원님에게 맞춤화하거나, 다른 기기에서 회원님의 휴대폰에 표시된 광고에 대한 회원님의 반응 여부를 측정합니다. 이러한 기기로부터 얻는 정보는 다음과 같습니다. 기기 속성: 운영 체제, 하드웨어 및 소프트웨어 버전, 배터리 잔량, 신호 강도, 사용 가능한 저장 공간, 브라우저 유형, 앱 및 파일 이름 및 유형, 플러그인 등의 정보. 기기 작업: 창이 전면 또는 백그라운드에 있는지 여부, 마우스 움직임(인간과 봇을 구분하는 데 도움이 될 수 있음) 등 기기에서 수행되는 작업 및 동작에 관한 정보. 식별자: 고유 식별자, 기기 ID 및 기타 식별자. 기타 식별자의 예로는 회원님이 이용하는 게임, 앱 또는 계정 등의 식별자 및 가족 기기 ID(또는 동일한 기기나 계정과 관련된 Meta Company 제품 에 고유한 기타 식별자)가 있습니다. 기기 신호: Bluetooth 신호 및 근처 Wi-Fi 액세스 포인트, 비콘 및 셀 타워에 관한 정보. 기기 설정 데이터: GPS 위치, 카메라 또는 사진에 대한 액세스 등 회원님의 기기 설정을 활성화하여 Meta가 수신할 수 있도록 허가한 정보. 네트워크 및 연결: 이동통신사 또는 ISP 명칭, 언어, 시간대, 휴대폰 번호, IP 주소, 연결 속도 및 때로는 가까이 있거나 회원님의 네트워크에 있는 다른 기기에 관한 정보. 이를 통해 Meta는 휴대폰에서 TV로 동영상을 스트리밍 하는 등의 작업을 지원할 수 있습니다. 쿠키 데이터: 쿠키 ID 및 설정을 포함하여 기기에 저장된 쿠키 데이터. 쿠키 사용에 관한 자세한 내용은 Facebook 쿠키 정책 및 Instagram 쿠키 정책 에서 알아보세요. 파트너가 제공하는 정보. 광고주, 앱 개발자 및 퍼블리셔는 이들이 사용하는 Meta 비즈니스 도구 , 즉 저희의 소셜 플러그인(예: '좋아요' 버튼), Facebook 로그인, 저희 API와 SDK 또는 Meta 픽셀 을 통해 저희로 정보를 제공할 수 있습니다. 이 파트너들은 회원님의 저희 계정 보유 여부 또는 저희 제품 로그인 여부와 관계없이 Meta 제품 밖에서의 회원님의 활동에 대한 정보(회원님의 기기, 회원님이 방문한 웹사이트, 회원님의 구매 내역, 회원님에게 표시되는 광고 및 회원님이 해당 파트너들의 서비스를 사용한 방법에 관한 정보 포함)를 제공합니다. 예를 들어, 게임 개발자는 저희 API를 사용하여 저희에게 회원님이 플레이하는 게임에 대해 알려줄 수 있고, 비즈니스는 회원님이 해당 비즈니스의 스토어에서 구매한 제품에 대해 알려줄 수 있습니다. 또한 저희는 회원님의 정보를 저희에게 제공할 권리가 있는 제3자 데이터 제공업체로부터 회원님의 온라인 및 오프라인 활동과 구매에 관한 정보를 받습니다. 회원님이 파트너를 방문하거나 파트너 서비스를 이용할 때 또는 파트너와 제휴한 제3자를 통해 서비스를 이용할 때 회원님의 데이터를 파트너가 받게 됩니다. 저희는 각 파트너에게 회원님의 데이터를 수집하고, 사용하고, 공유할 수 있는 합법적 권한을 획득한 후에 저희에게 데이터를 제공할 것을 요구합니다. 저희에게 데이터를 제공하는 파트너의 유형에 대해 자세히 알아보세요 . Meta 비즈니스 도구와 관련하여 저희의 쿠키 사용에 대한 자세한 내용은 Facebook 쿠키 정책 및 Instagram 쿠키 정책 을 참조하시기 바랍니다. II. 저희가 정보를 활용하는 방법 저희는 (회원님이 동의할 경우) 아래에 설명된 바와 같이 보유한 정보를 이용하며, Meta 약관 및 Instagram 약관 에 설명된 Meta 제품 및 관련 서비스를 제공하고 지원합니다. 방법은 다음과 같습니다. Facebook 제품의 제공, 맞춤화 및 개선. 저희는 Meta 제품을 제공하기 위해 보유한 정보를 이용합니다. Meta 제품을 제공하는 데는 기능 및 콘텐츠(귀사 광고, Facebook 뉴스피드 , Instagram 피드 및 Instagram 스토리 포함)를 맞춤화하고 Meta 제품 안팎에서 회원님이 관심을 가질 만한 그룹 또는 이벤트 나 팔로우할 만한 주제 등을 추천하는 것이 포함됩니다. 회원님을 위해 특별하고 관련성 있는 맞춤화된 Meta 제품을 만들기 위해, 저희는 수집한 데이터와 회원님 및 다른 사람으로부터 얻은 정보(회원님이 제공하기로 선택한 특별 보호 데이터 포함)에 기초한 회원님의 관계, 기호, 관심사 및 활동, 회원님이 Meta 제품을 이용하고 상호 작용하는 방법, Meta 제품 안팎에서 회원님과 연결되어 있거나 회원님이 관심 있는 사람, 장소 또는 사물에 관한 정보를 이용합니다. Meta 제품의 기능, 콘텐츠, 추천을 포함하여 Facebook과 Instagram에서 개인에게 맞춤화된 경험을 제공하기 위해 저희가 회원님에 관한 정보를 어떻게 사용하는지 자세히 알아보세요. 또한 회원님에게 표시되는 광고 를 선택하는 방법도 자세히 알아볼 수 있습니다. Meta 제품 및 기기의 정보: 저희는 여러 Meta 제품 및 기기 활동에 관한 정보를 연결하여 회원님이 사용하는 모든 Meta 제품에 대해, 어디서 해당 제품을 이용하는지에 관계없이 더욱 맞춤화되고 일관된 경험을 제공합니다. 예를 들어 Instagram에서 회원님이 팔로우하거나 Messenger로 커뮤니케이션하는 사람들이 속한 Facebook 그룹에 가입할 것을 추천할 수 있습니다. 또한 예를 들어 다른 Meta 제품의 계정에 가입할 때 기존 Meta 제품의 등록 정보(전화번호 등)를 자동으로 기입하는 등 회원님에게 더욱 원활한 경험을 제공할 수도 있습니다. 위치 관련 정보: 저희는 회원님 및 다른 사람들에게 광고를 포함한 Meta 제품을 제공하고, 맞춤화하고, 개선하기 위해 위치 관련 정보 (예: 회원님의 현재 위치, 거주 지역, 가고 싶은 장소, 주변에 있는 비즈니스 및 사람)를 이용합니다. 위치 관련 정보는 정확한 기기 위치(수집을 허용한 경우), IP 주소 및 회원님 및 다른 사람이 Meta 제품을 이용하여 발생하는 정보(예를 들어 체크인 또는 참석 이벤트)와 같은 사항을 기반으로 할 수 있습니다. 제품 연구 및 개발: 저희는 보유한 정보를 이용하여 설문조사 및 리서치를 수행하고 새로운 제품과 기능을 테스트하며 문제를 해결함으로써 Meta 제품을 개발, 테스트 및 개선합니다. 광고 및 기타 홍보 콘텐츠: 저희는 보유한 정보(회원님의 관심사, 행동 및 관계에 관한 정보를 포함)를 이용하여 광고, 쿠폰 및 회원님에게 표시되는 기타 홍보 콘텐츠를 선택하고 맞춤화합니다. 저희가 광고를 선택하고 맞춤화하는 방법 , 광고 및 기타 홍보 콘텐츠를 선택하기 위해 사용한 데이터에 관한 회원님의 선택 사항을 Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 자세히 알아보세요. 측정, 분석 및 기타 비즈니스 서비스 제공. 저희는 보유한 정보(방문한 웹사이트 및 광고 등 Facebook 제품 밖에서의 활동 포함)를 이용하여 광고주 및 기타 파트너가 광고 및 서비스의 성과와 배포를 측정하고 해당 서비스를 사용하는 사람들의 유형 및 사람들이 웹사이트, 앱, 서비스와 상호 작용하는 방식을 파악할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 이러한 파트너와 정보를 공유하는 방법에 대해 알아보세요 . 안전, 진실성 및 보안 강화. 저희는 보유한 정보를 이용하여 계정 및 활동을 확인하고, 유해 행위를 방지하며, 스팸 및 기타 부정적인 경험을 감지 및 방지하고, 제품의 무결성을 유지하며, Meta 제품 안팎의 안전 및 보안을 강화합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 보유한 데이터를 이용하여 의심스러운 활동 또는 저희 약관이나 정책 위반을 조사하거나 누군가에게 도움이 필요한 시점을 감지 합니다. 자세히 알아보려면 Facebook 보안 고객 센터 및 Instagram 보안 팁 을 방문하세요. 회원님과의 커뮤니케이션. 저희는 보유한 데이터를 이용하여 회원님에게 마케팅 자료를 제공하고 Facebook 제품에 관해 커뮤니케이션하며, Facebook 정책 및 약관에 대한 내용을 알려 드립니다. 또한 저희는 회원님의 정보를 이용하여 회원님의 연락에 대응합니다. 사회적 공익 연구 및 혁신. 저희는 보유한 정보(저희와 협업하는 연구 파트너의 정보 포함)를 이용하여 일반 사회 복지, 기술 발전, 공익, 보건 및 복지에 관한 주제의 연구 와 혁신을 진행하며, 이를 지원합니다. 예를 들어, 위기 상황 시 저희가 보유한 이동 패턴 정보를 분석하여 구호 활동을 지원합니다. Facebook 연구 프로그램에 대해 자세히 알아보세요 . III. 정보 공유 방법 회원님의 정보는 다음 방법으로 다른 사람들과 공유됩니다. Meta 제품에서 공유 회원님이 공유하고 커뮤니케이션하는 사람 및 계정 회원님은 Facebook 제품을 이용하여 공유 또는 커뮤니케이션할 때 공유할 내용에 대한 공개 대상을 선택 합니다. 예를 들어 회원님은 Facebook에 게시물을 포스팅할 때 그룹, 모든 친구, 전체 공개 또는 맞춤 설정한 리스트에 있는 사람 등 게시물에 대한 공개 대상을 선택합니다. 마찬가지로, 회원님이 Messenger 또는 Instagram을 사용하여 사람 또는 비즈니스와 커뮤니케이션할 때 해당 사람 및 비즈니스는 회원님이 전송하는 콘텐츠를 볼 수 있습니다. 회원님의 네트워크는 회원님이 Meta 제품에서 취한 행동(광고 및 홍보 콘텐츠 참여 포함)을 볼 수도 있습니다. 또한 저희는 다른 계정이 해당 계정의 Facebook 또는 Instagram 스토리를 누가 조회했는지 볼 수 있도록 허용합니다. 공개 정보 는 계정이 없는 경우를 포함하여 Facebook 제품 안팎에서 누구든지 볼 수 있습니다. 여기에는 Instagram 사용자 이름, 공개 대상과 공유하는 모든 정보, 회원님 Facebook 공개 프로필 에 있는 정보, Facebook 페이지에서 공유하는 콘텐츠, Instagram 공개 계정 또는 Facebook Marketplace 와 같은 기타 공개 포럼에서 공유하는 콘텐츠가 포함됩니다. 회원님, Facebook과 Instagram을 사용하는 다른 사람들 그리고 저희는 검색 결과 또는 도구 및 API를 통해 Meta 제품(Meta Company 제품 포함) 안팎에 있는 모든 사람에게 공개 정보에 대한 액세스 권한을 제공하거나 해당 공개 정보를 전송할 수 있습니다. 공개 정보는 검색 엔진, API 같은 제3자 서비스, TV 같은 오프라인 매체와 앱, 웹사이트, 저희 제품과 통합된 기타 서비스를 통해 보거나 액세스하거나 다시 공유하거나 다운로드할 수도 있습니다. 공개 정보 및 Facebook 과 Instagram 에서 공개 범위를 설정하는 방법에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 다른 사람이 회원님과 공유하거나 다시 공유한 콘텐츠 Meta 제품에서 회원님의 활동을 볼 수 있는 사람들은 Meta 제품 안팎에서 다른 사람들(회원님이 공유한 공개 대상 이외의 사람들과 비즈니스 포함)과 이를 공유할지 여부를 선택할 수 있으므로, 회원님은 공유 대상을 선택할 때 이를 고려해야 합니다. 예를 들어 특정 친구 또는 계정에 게시물을 공유하거나 메시지를 전송할 때, 해당 친구 또는 계정은 직접 또는 Horizon 월드 같은 가상 현실 환경에서 콘텐츠를 다운로드하거나 스크린샷으로 캡처하거나 Meta 제품 안팎으로 다른 사람과 다시 공유할 수 있습니다. 또한 다른 사람의 게시물에 댓글을 달거나 공감할 때, 그 사람의 콘텐츠를 볼 수 있는 사람은 회원님의 댓글이나 공감 상태를 볼 수 있고 해당 콘텐츠를 게시한 사람은 나중에 공개 대상을 변경할 수 있습니다. 사람들은 Facebook 제품을 이용하여 회원님에 관한 콘텐츠를 만들고 원하는 공개 대상과 공유할 수도 있습니다. 예를 들어 스토리에 회원님의 사진을 공유하고, 게시물에 회원님의 위치를 언급하거나 태그하고, 게시물 또는 메시지에 회원님에 대한 정보를 공유할 수 있습니다. 다른 사람들이 Facebook 제품에서 회원님에 대해 공유한 내용에 불편함을 느낀다면 콘텐츠를 신고 하는 방법을 알아보실 수 있습니다. Meta 제품에서 회원님의 활동 상태 또는 존재에 관한 정보. 회원님의 네트워크에 있는 사람들은 Facebook 제품에 대한 회원님의 활동 여부( Instagram , Messenger 또는 Facebook에서 활동 상태인지, 언제 마지막으로 Facebook 제품을 이용하였는지 포함)를 알려주는 신호를 볼 수 있습니다. Meta 제품에 포함되어 있거나 서비스를 이용한 앱, 웹사이트 및 제3자 통합. Meta 제품을 이용하거나 Meta 제품에 통합된 타사 앱, 웹사이트 또는 기타 서비스를 이용할 경우 해당 타사에서 회원님이 게시하거나 공유한 내용에 관한 정보를 받을 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 Facebook 친구와 게임을 하거나 웹사이트에서 Facebook 댓글 달기 또는 공유하기 버튼을 사용하는 경우, 게임 개발자 또는 웹사이트는 게임 내 회원님의 활동에 대한 정보를 받거나 회원님이 Facebook에서 해당 웹사이트를 통해 공유한 댓글이나 링크에 관한 정보를 받을 수 있습니다. 또한 이러한 제3자 서비스를 다운로드하거나 사용할 때 해당 제3자는 Facebook의 공개 프로필 및 회원님이 해당 제3자에 공유한 모든 정보에 액세스할 수 있습니다. 회원님이 공유를 선택할 경우 회원님이 이용하는 앱과 웹사이트에서 Facebook 친구 리스트를 수신할 수 있습니다. 단, 회원님이 이용하는 앱과 웹사이트는 회원님의 Facebook 친구에 관한 기타 모든 정보 또는 회원님의 Instagram 팔로워에 관한 정보를 수신할 수 없습니다. 이는 회원님의 친구와 팔로워가 이 정보를 공유하도록 선택했더라도 마찬가지입니다. 이러한 제3자 서비스에서 수집되는 정보는 Facebook 약관 및 정책이 아닌 해당 제3자의 자체 약관 및 정책의 적용을 받습니다. Facebook 및 Instagram의 기본 버전을 제공하는 기기와 운영 체제(즉, 저희가 저희 자체의 앱을 개발하지 않은 기기와 운영 체제)는 저희 핵심 기능을 회원님에게 제공하기 위해 회원님의 친구가 회원님과 공유하는 정보를 포함하여 회원님이 공유하기로 선택하는 모든 정보에 액세스할 수 있습니다. 참고: 저희는 현재 남용을 방지하기 위해 개발자의 데이터 액세스 권한을 추가로 제한하고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 저희는 회원님이 3개월 동안 앱을 사용하지 않았고, 저희가 로그인을 변경하는 경우 회원님의 Facebook 및 Instagram에 대한 개발자의 액세스 권한을 삭제하며, 다음 버전에서 앱 검수 없이 앱에서 요청할 수 있는 데이터를 이름, Instagram 사용자 이름, 소개, 프로필 사진, 이메일 주소만 포함되도록 축소합니다. 더 많은 데이터를 요청하려면 저희의 허가를 받아야만 합니다. 새로운 소유자. Facebook 제품 또는 해당 자산의 전부 또는 일부에 대한 소유권 또는 운영권이 변경되는 경우, 저희는 회원님에 대한 정보를 새로운 소유주에게 제공할 수 있습니다. 제3자 파트너와 공유 저희는 Meta를 지원하고 Meta 제품을 제공하고 개선하는 데 도움을 주거나 Meta 비즈니스 도구를 사용하는 제3자 파트너와 협력하여 이들의 비즈니스를 성장시킴으로써 회사를 운영하고 전 세계 사람들에게 무료 서비스를 제공하고 있습니다. 저희는 회원님의 정보를 누구에게도 판매하지 않으며 앞으로도 판매하지 않을 것입니다. 저희는 또한 파트너가 저희가 제공한 데이터를 이용하고 공개하는 방법에 엄격한 제한을 가하고 있습니다. 저희가 정보를 공유하는 제3자의 유형은 다음과 같습니다. Meta 분석 서비스를 사용하는 파트너. 저희는 개인 및 비즈니스가 사람들이 Meta 제품 안팎의 게시물, 리스트, Facebook 페이지, 동영상 및 기타 콘텐츠에 참여하는 방식을 파악하는 데 참고할 수 있는 취합된 통계 및 인사이트를 제공합니다. 예를 들어 Facebook 페이지 관리자 및 Instagram 비즈니스 프로필은 게시물을 보거나, 게시물에 반응하거나, 댓글을 단 사람의 수에 관한 정보 외에도 취합된 인구 통계학적 특성 및 기타 계정 또는 Facebook 페이지와의 상호 작용을 파악하는 데 도움이 되는 정보를 받습니다. 광고주. 저희는 광고주에게 광고를 보는 사람들의 유형 및 광고 실적에 관한 보고서를 제공하지만 회원님을 개인적으로 식별하는 정보(회원님에게 연락하거나 식별하는 데 이용될 수 있는 이름 또는 이메일 주소 같은 정보)는 회원님이 허용하지 않는 한 공유하지 않습니다. 예를 들어 광고 타겟을 더 잘 파악할 수 있도록 광고주에게 일반적인 인구 통계학적 특성 및 관심사 정보(예: 마드리드에 거주하고 소프트웨어 엔지니어링을 좋아하는 25~34세 여성에게 해당 광고가 노출됨)를 제공합니다. 또한 어떠한 광고가 회원님의 구매나 광고주에 관한 행동을 하게 유도했는지 확인합니다. 측정 파트너. 저희는 회원님에 대한 정보를 수집하여 파트너에게 분석 및 측정 보고서를 제공하는 회사와 정보를 공유합니다. Meta 제품 안에서 상품 및 서비스를 제공하는 파트너. 회원님이 프리미엄 콘텐츠를 구독하거나 Facebook 제품 내 판매자로부터 상품을 구매하는 경우, 해당 콘텐츠 제작자 또는 판매자는 회원님이 공유하는 공개 정보 및 기타 정보 외에도 배송 및 연락처 세부 정보를 포함하여 거래를 완료하는 데 필요한 정보를 받을 수 있습니다. 벤더 및 서비스 공급자. 저희는 기술 인프라 서비스 제공, Facebook 제품 이용 방법 분석, 고객 서비스 제공, 결제 간소화 또는 설문 수행 등의 방법을 통해 Facebook 비즈니스를 지원하는 벤더 및 서비스 공급자에게 정보와 콘텐츠를 제공합니다. 연구원 및 학자. 또한 저희는 연구 파트너 및 학자 에게 정보와 콘텐츠를 제공하여, 그들이 Facebook의 비즈니스 또는 사명을 지원하는 학문과 혁신을 발전시키는 연구, 그리고 일반적인 사회 복지, 기술 발전, 공익, 건강 및 복지에 대한 발견 및 혁신을 향상시키는 연구를 수행할 수 있도록 합니다. 사법당국 또는 법적 요청. 저희는 아래에 명시된 상황에서 사법당국 또는 법적 요청에 대응하여 정보를 공유합니다. Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 회원님 또는 다른 사람이 제3자 파트너와 공유하는 정보를 설정하는 방법에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. IV. Meta Companies가 협력하는 방식 Facebook과 Instagram은 회원님이 사용하는 모든 Meta Company 제품 에서 혁신적이고 관련성이 있으며 일관적이고 안전한 환경을 제공하기 위해 Meta Companies (WhatsApp 및 Oculus 포함)와 인프라, 시스템 및 기술을 공유합니다. 또한 저희는 이러한 목적을 위해, 관련 법에서 허용하는 경우에 Meta Companies의 약관 및 정책에 따라 Meta Companies에서 회원님에 대한 정보를 처리합니다. 예를 들어 저희는 WhatsApp의 서비스에서 스팸을 보내는 계정에 대한 정보를 처리하여 Facebook, Instagram 또는 Messenger에서 해당 계정에 대해 적절한 조치를 취할 수 있습니다. 또한 저희는 다른 Meta Company 제품의 고유 사용자 수를 파악하는 등 사람들이 Meta Company 제품을 이용하고 상호 작용하는 방법을 파악하기 위해 노력하고 있습니다. V. 회원님의 정보를 관리 또는 삭제하는 방법 저희는 데이터 액세스, 수정, 복사 및 삭제 기능을 제공합니다. Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 에서 자세히 알아보세요. 저희는 더 이상 Meta 서비스 및 Meta 제품을 제공할 필요가 없는 시점, 그리고 회원님의 계정이 삭제되는 시점 중 먼저 도달하는 시점까지만 데이터를 저장합니다. 이는 데이터의 성격, 수집 및 처리된 이유, 관련된 법적 또는 운영상 보존 필요성과 같은 요인에 따라 개별적으로 결정됩니다. 예를 들어 회원님이 Facebook에서 무언가를 검색할 때 언제든지 검색 기록에서 해당 검색어에 액세스하고 삭제할 수 있지만, 해당 검색어에 대한 로그는 6개월 후에 삭제됩니다. 회원님이 계정 확인을 위해 정부가 발행한 신분증명서 사본을 제출하는 경우 저희는 달리 명시하지 않는 한 검토 후 30일 이내에 해당 사본을 삭제합니다. 공유된 콘텐츠 및 소셜 플러그인을 통해 얻은 쿠키 데이터 삭제 에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 계정을 삭제하면 회원님의 사진이나 상태 업데이트 등 회원님이 게시한 사항들이 삭제 되며 나중에 해당 정보를 복원할 수 없습니다. 다른 사람이 회원님에 대해 공유한 정보는 회원님의 계정에 포함되지 않으며 삭제되지 않습니다. 계정을 삭제하지 않고 제품 이용을 일시적으로 중단하려면 계정을 비활성화할 수 있습니다. 회원님의 계정을 삭제하려면 언제든지 Facebook 설정 및 Instagram 설정 을 방문하세요. VI. 법적 요청에 대한 대응과 피해 방지 Meta는 회원님의 정보에 액세스하고 이를 보존하며 규제 당국, 사법당국 또는 다른 사람들과 이 정보를 공유합니다. 법적인 요청(예: 수색 영장, 법원 명령서, 소환장 등)이 수반되고 법의 집행을 위해 필요하다고 판단될 경우. 여기에는 미국 외 지역 관할권에서의 법적 요청이 수반되고, 해당 관할권의 법에 의해 필요성이 인정되며, 그 지역 내의 사용자들에게 영향을 미침과 동시에 국제적으로 용인되는 기준에 부합한다고 판단될 때 해당 관할권의 요청을 받아들이는 경우가 포함됩니다. Meta가 필요성을 인정할 경우 사기, 제품의 권한 없는 사용, 약관 또는 정책 위반, 또는 기타 유해하거나 불법적인 활동을 감지 및 예방하고 이에 대처하는 조치, 조사 또는 규제 요구를 포함하여 Meta(권리, 자산 또는 제품), 회원님 또는 다른 사람을 보호하기 위한 조치, 생명을 보호하고 상해를 막기 위한 조치가 필요합니다. 예를 들어 관련성이 있는 경우 저희는 제품의 사기, 남용 및 기타 유해한 활동을 방지하기 위해 계정의 신뢰성에 대한 정보를 제3자 파트너와 주고받습니다. 저희 제품을 이용한 구매 활동과 관련된 금융 거래 데이터를 포함해 저희가 수집하는 회원님의 정보는 법적인 요청이나 의무, 정부 조사, 저희의 약관과 정책에 대한 잠재적 위반에 대한 조사의 대상이 되는 경우 또는 다른 피해를 방지하기 위한 목적으로 장기간 액세스 및 보관될 수 있습니다. 또한 약관 악용 사례 또는 기타 약관에 대한 위반 행위의 반복을 막기 위해 약관 위반으로 비활성화된 계정의 정보를 최소 1년 이상 보존합니다. VII. 글로벌 서비스의 일환으로 데이터를 운영하고 이전하는 방법 저희는 본 개인정보처리방침에 따라 전 세계적으로 정보를 공유하는바, Meta Companies 내부적으로 정보를 공유하고, 외부적으로 저희의 파트너, 그리고 회원님이 연결하고 공유하는 대상과도 정보를 공유합니다. 예를 들어 회원님의 정보는 본 정책에 설명된 목적을 위해 미국 또는 회원님이 거주하는 지역 이외의 기타 국가로 이전 또는 전송되거나 이들 국가에서 저장 및 처리될 수 있습니다. 이러한 데이터 이전은 Meta 약관 및 Instagram 약관 에 명시된 서비스를 제공하고 저희 제품을 전 세계적으로 운영하며 회원님에게 제공하기 위해 필요합니다. 저희는 표준 계약 조항 을 활용하고, 해당할 경우 특정 국가에 대한 유럽연합 집행위원회의 적정성 결정 을 따르며, 미국 및 기타 국가로의 데이터 이전에 대해 회원님의 동의를 받습니다. VIII. 개인정보처리방침 변경 사항에 대한 안내 저희는 본 정책을 변경하기 전에 회원님에게 알리고, 회원님이 Facebook 제품 이용을 계속하기 전에 회원님에게 변경된 정책을 검토할 기회를 제공할 것입니다. 대한민국 개인정보 보호 고지사항 저희의 대한민국 개인정보 보호 고지사항 을 확인하여 회원님이 행사할 수 있는 개인정보 보호 권리, 저희가 회원님의 정보를 공유하는 제3자에 관한 상세 정보 및 기타 사항에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. IX. Meta에 문의하는 방법 Facebook 또는 Instagram 의 개인정보처리방침을 자세히 알아보세요. 본 정책에 관해 궁금하신 점이 있으면 아래에 설명된 바와 같이 Meta에 문의하실 수 있습니다. Meta Platforms, Inc.는 대한민국 사용자의 개인정보 관련 고충에 관한 문의를 위해 Privacy Agent Korea Co., Ltd.를 국내 대리인으로 지정하였습니다. 국내대리인에게 온라인 , 전화나 우편 또는 이메일로 문의하실 수 있습니다. Privacy Agent Korea Co., Ltd. ATTN: 대표이사 박천희 서울특별시 종로구 새문안로5가길 28 전화: 02-737-0455 저희는 Meta 개인정보처리방침 및 업무 방식에 관하여 회원님과 분쟁이 있을 경우 TrustArc를 통해 해결할 수 있습니다. 이에 관하여는 TrustArc의 웹사이트 를 통해 TrustArc에 문의하세요. 다음과 같은 방법으로 문의할 수 있습니다. 온라인 또는 우편 문의: Meta Platforms, Inc. ATTN: Privacy Operations 1601 Willow Road Menlo Park, CA 94025 최종 수정일: 2022년 1월 4일 Facebook의 데이터 정책에 동의합니다 서비스 약관 Meta 서비스 약관이 개정됩니다. 이 개정 사항은 2025년 1월 1일부터 적용됩니다. 새로운 약관을 읽어보세요 . Meta는 사람들이 서로 교류하고 커뮤니티를 만들며 비즈니스를 성장시킬 수 있는 기술과 서비스를 개발합니다. (본 약관이 아닌) 별도의 약관이 적용된다고 명시되어 있지 않은 한, 본 약관은 회원님의 Facebook, Messenger 및 기타 저희가 제공하는 제품, 기능, 앱, 서비스, 기술, 소프트웨어( Meta 제품 또는 제품 ) 이용에 적용됩니다. 해당 제품은 Meta Platforms, Inc.가 회원님에게 제공합니다. 달리 명시된 경우를 제외하고 저희는 회원님에게 Facebook 또는 기타 본 약관이 적용되는 제품 및 서비스의 사용료를 청구하지 않습니다. 그 대신, 비즈니스와 단체 및 다른 사람이 저희에게 그들의 제품 및 서비스 광고를 회원님에게 보여드리도록 비용을 지불합니다. 저희 제품을 이용함으로써 회원님은 저희가 회원님 및 회원님의 관심사와 관련 있을 수 있다고 생각하는 광고를 보여주는 것에 동의하게 됩니다. 저희는 회원님의 개인정보를 이용하여 회원님에게 보여드릴 맞춤형 광고를 결정합니다. 저희는 회원님의 개인정보를 광고주에게 판매하지 않으며, 회원님이 저희에게 특정 허락을 제공하지 않는 한 회원님을 직접 식별할 수 있는 정보(예를 들어 이름, 이메일 주소 또는 기타 연락처 정보)를 광고주에게 공유하지 않습니다. 대신 광고주는 광고를 노출하기를 원하는 타겟과 같은 정보를 저희에게 알려줄 수 있고, 저희는 관심이 있을 만한 사람에게 해당 광고를 노출합니다. 저희는 사람들이 광고주의 콘텐츠와 어떻게 상호작용하고 있는지를 이해할 수 있도록 광고주에게 광고 성과 보고서를 제공합니다. 본 약관에 따라 맞춤형 광고가 Meta 제품에서 작동하는 방식에 대해 더 알아보려면 아래 제2조를 참조하세요. 저희의 개인정보처리방침 에는 저희가 회원님에게 보여드릴 광고를 결정하고 아래 설명된 기타 모든 서비스를 제공하기 위해 회원님의 개인정보를 어떻게 수집하고 이용하는지가 설명되어 있습니다. 회원님은 또한 관련 Meta 제품의 설정 페이지에서 저희가 회원님의 데이터를 이용하는 방식에 관해 회원님이 선택할 수 있는 개인정보 설정을 언제든지 검토할 수 있습니다. 1. 저희가 제공하는 서비스 저희의 사명은 사람들이 커뮤니티를 이룰 수 있도록 하여 전 세계를 더욱 가까워지게 만드는 것입니다. 저희는 이를 실현하기 위해 회원님에게 아래에 설명된 제품과 서비스를 제공합니다: 맞춤화된 경험을 제공합니다. Facebook 뉴스피드나 저희의 동영상 플랫폼에 표시되는 게시물, 스토리, 이벤트, 광고 및 기타 콘텐츠부터 회원님이 팔로우하는 Facebook 페이지 및 회원님이 이용할 만한 기타 기능(예: Facebook Marketplace, 검색)에 이르기까지 회원님만을 위한 Facebook을 경험하실 수 있습니다. 예를 들어 회원님이 만드는 관계, 회원님이 선택하는 옵션 및 설정 사항, 회원님이 제품 내외에서 공유하고 활동하는 사항과 같은 데이터를 이용하여 회원님의 경험을 맞춤화합니다. 회원님을 회원님에게 중요한 사람 및 단체와 연결합니다. 저희는 회원님이 이용하는 여러 Meta 제품에서 회원님에게 중요한 사람, 그룹, 비즈니스, 단체 및 다양한 다른 사항들을 찾고 연결할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희는 회원님과 다른 사람들에게 제안(예: 가입할 그룹, 참석할 이벤트, 팔로우하거나 메시지를 보낼 Facebook 페이지, 시청할 프로그램 및 친구를 맺고 싶을 만한 사람 제안)하기 위해 데이터를 이용합니다. 더 친밀한 관계는 더 나은 커뮤니티를 만듭니다. 저희는 사람들이 본인이 관심 있는 사람, 그룹 및 단체와 연결될 때 저희 서비스가 가장 가치 있다고 믿습니다. 회원님이 자신을 표현하고 회원님이 중요하게 생각하는 것을 나눌 수 있도록 합니다. Facebook에서 회원님이 자신을 표현하고, 중요하게 생각하는 것을 친구와 가족, 다른 사람들과 나누는 방법에는 여러 가지(예: 여러 Meta 제품에서 회원님의 설정에 따라 상태 업데이트, 사진, 동영상 및 스토리 공유, 친구 또는 여러 사람에게 메시지 전송, 음성 또는 영상 통화 걸기, 이벤트 또는 그룹 생성, 프로필에 콘텐츠 추가, 다른 사람이 회원님의 콘텐츠에 참여하는 방식에 관한 인사이트 표시)가 있습니다. 또한 저희는 사람들이 증강 현실 및 360도 동영상과 같은 기술을 이용하여 Meta 제품에서 더욱 풍부하고 흥미로운 콘텐츠를 만들고 공유할 수 있도록 새로운 방법들을 개발해 왔고 또 계속해서 개발하고 있습니다. 회원님이 관심을 가질 만한 콘텐츠, 제품 및 서비스를 찾을 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희는 Facebook 및 기타 Meta 제품을 이용 중인 많은 비즈니스와 단체가 제공하는 콘텐츠, 제품 및 서비스를 발견하는 데 도움이 되는 맞춤형 광고, 제안 및 기타 광고 콘텐츠 또는 커머스 콘텐츠를 회원님에게 보여드립니다. 자세한 내용은 아래 제2조를 참조하시기 바랍니다. 저희 서비스의 안전, 보안 및 무결성을 향상하고, 유해 행위를 방지하고, 사용자 커뮤니티를 안전하게 보호합니다. 사람들은 자신이 안전하고 보호받고 있다고 느껴야만 Meta 제품에서 커뮤니티를 형성합니다. 저희는 저희 제품 및 서비스의 보안(가용성, 신뢰성, 무결성 및 기밀성 포함)을 유지하기 위해 노력합니다. 저희는 전 세계에 전담팀을 두고 외부 서비스 제공업체, 파트너 및 관련 단체와 협업하며 저희 제품의 잠재적 오용, 타인에 대한 유해 행위, 그리고 저희의 잠재적인 위반 콘텐츠 사용자 신고에 대한 응답을 포함하여 저희가 저희의 커뮤니티를 지원하거나 보호하는데 도움이 될 수 있는 상황을 감지하기 위해 최첨단 기술 시스템을 개발합니다. 저희는 이러한 콘텐츠 또는 행위를 발견하는 경우, 저희의 평가를 기반으로 알림 전송, 도움 제공, 콘텐츠 삭제, 특정 기능에 대한 접근 차단 또는 제한, 계정 비활성화 또는 사법당국에 연락 등 적절한 조치를 취할 것입니다. 저희는 저희 제품을 이용하는 사람의 오용 또는 유해 행위를 감지한 경우 또는 Meta 제품, 사용자 및 커뮤니티를 안전하게 보호하기 위해 Meta Companies 사이에 데이터를 공유합니다. 예를 들어, 저희는 금융 상품 및 서비스를 제공하는 Meta Companies와 정보를 공유하여 해당 회사의 안전, 보안, 무결성 향상과 관련 법률 준수를 돕습니다. Meta는 법률에 의해 요구되거나 허용된다는 선의의 믿음이 있는 경우 회원님에 관하여 수집한 정보를 액세스, 보존, 이용 및 공유할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 저희 개인정보처리방침 을 참고하세요. 경우에 따라 감독위원회가 위원회 약관 및 정관에 따라 저희의 결정을 검토할 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 여기 에서 알아보세요. 모든 사람에게 안전하고 실용적인 서비스를 제공하기 위해 최첨단 기술을 사용하고 개발합니다. 저희는 사람들이 신체적 능력이나 지리적 위치와 관계없이 안전하게 저희의 제품을 이용할 수 있도록 인공 지능, 머신 러닝 시스템 및 증강 현실과 같은 최첨단 기술을 이용하고 개발하고 있습니다. 예를 들어, 이러한 기술은 시각 장애가 있는 사람들이 Facebook이나 Instagram에서 공유된 사진 또는 동영상에 무엇이 있는지, 누가 있는지 파악할 수 있도록 도움을 줍니다. 또한 인터넷 접속이 원활하지 않은 지역에서도 보다 많은 사람들이 인터넷을 이용할 수 있도록 첨단 네트워크 및 통신 기술을 구축하고 있습니다. 뿐만 아니라 저희는 저희 커뮤니티 및 제품의 무결성을 손상시킬 수 있는 유해하고 위험한 활동을 감지하여 삭제하는 기능을 개선하기 위해 자동화 시스템을 개발합니다. 저희의 서비스를 향상하기 위한 방법을 연구합니다. 저희는 저희 제품의 개발, 테스트 및 개선을 위한 연구를 진행합니다. 여기에는 설문 조사를 실시하고 새로운 기능의 테스트 및 문제 해결을 진행하는 등의 방법으로 저희가 보유한 사용자 데이터를 분석하며, 사람들이 저희의 제품을 이용하는 방식을 이해하는 작업이 포함됩니다. 저희의 개인정보처리방침 에는 저희가 저희 서비스를 개발하고 개선할 목적으로 이 연구를 지원하기 위해 데이터를 이용하는 방식이 설명되어 있습니다. Meta Company 제품 전반에 걸쳐 일관되고 원활한 경험을 제공합니다. 저희의 제품은 회원님에게 중요한 사람, 그룹, 비즈니스, 단체, 다른 사항을 찾고 연결할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희는 회원님이 이용하는 다양한 Meta Company 제품 에 걸쳐 일관되고 원활한 경험이 이뤄지도록 저희 시스템을 설계합니다. 예를 들어 회원님이 Facebook에서 소통하는 사람들에 대한 데이터를 이용해 Instagram 또는 Messenger에서도 쉽게 그들과 연결할 수 있도록 지원하며, Messenger를 통해 Facebook에서 팔로우하는 비즈니스와 소통할 수 있도록 지원합니다. 저희 서비스 이용에 대한 보장: 글로벌 서비스를 운영하고 회원님이 전 세계의 사람들과 연결될 수 있도록 하기 위하여, 저희는 회원님의 거주 국가 이외의 지역을 비롯하여 전 세계 데이터 센터, 파트너, 서비스 제공업체, 공급업체 및 시스템에 콘텐츠와 데이터를 이전, 저장, 배포해야 합니다. 저희 서비스를 제공하기 위해서는 본 글로벌 인프라의 이용이 필수적입니다. 이 인프라는 Meta Platforms, Inc., Meta Platforms Ireland Limited 또는 그 계열사가 소유, 운영하거나 통제할 수 있습니다. 2. Meta 서비스를 위한 자금 조달 방식 Facebook과 기타 저희가 제공하는 제품 및 서비스의 사용료를 지불하지 않는 대신, 회원님은 본 약관이 적용되는 Meta 제품을 이용함으로써 비즈니스 및 단체들이 Meta Company 제품 내외에서 홍보를 위해 저희에게 비용을 지불한 맞춤형 광고 및 기타 상업적 콘텐츠와 홍보 콘텐츠를 보게 될 수 있다는 데 동의합니다. 저희는 회원님과 보다 관련성이 높을 수 있는 맞춤형 광고 및 홍보 콘텐츠를 보여드리기 위해 회원님의 활동 및 관심사에 대한 정보 등 회원님의 개인정보를 이용합니다. 개인정보 보호는 저희가 저희의 맞춤형 광고 시스템을 설계할 때 핵심적으로 고려해온 사안입니다. 즉, 저희는 광고주에게 회원님의 신원을 알리지 않고도 회원님에게 회원님과 관련 있고 유용한 광고를 보여드릴 수 있습니다. 저희는 회원님의 개인정보를 판매하지 않습니다. 저희는 광고주로 하여금 저희에게 그들의 비즈니스 목표, 광고 타게팅 대상(예: 사이클링을 좋아하는 18~35세 사이의 사람) 등을 알려줄 수 있도록 합니다. 저희는 그런 다음 해당 광고에 관심이 있을 만하다고 생각하는 사람에게 광고를 노출합니다. 저희는 또한 사람들이 Meta 제품 내외에서 광고주의 콘텐츠와 어떻게 상호작용하고 있는지 광고주들이 이해할 수 있도록 광고주들에게 광고의 성과 보고서를 제공합니다. 예를 들어 광고 타겟을 더 잘 파악할 수 있도록 광고주에게 일반적인 인구 통계학적 특성 및 관심사 정보(예: 마드리드에 거주하고 소프트웨어 엔지니어링을 좋아하는 25~34세 여성이 해당 광고를 보았음)를 제공합니다. 저희는 회원님이 구체적으로 허락하지 않는 한 회원님을 직접적으로 식별할 수 있는 정보(이름 또는 이메일 주소와 같이 그 정보만으로 회원님에게 연락을 취하는 데 이용될 수 있거나 회원님을 식별할 수 있는 정보)를 공유하지 않습니다. 여기 에서 Meta 광고의 작동 원리에 대해 자세히 알아보세요. 저희는 위에 명시된 서비스를 회원님께 제공하기 위해 회원님의 개인정보를 수집하고 이용합니다. 저희의 개인정보처리방침 에서 저희의 데이터 수집 및 이용 방법에 대해 자세히 알아볼 수 있습니다. 회원님은 회원님이 보게 되는 광고와 광고주의 유형, 저희가 회원님에게 보여드릴 광고를 결정하기 위해 이용하는 정보의 유형을 통제할 수 있습니다. 더 알아보기. 3. Facebook 및 커뮤니티에 대한 약속 저희는 저희의 사명을 실현하기 위해 회원님 및 다른 사람들에게 본 서비스를 제공합니다. 이에 대해 회원님은 다음과 같은 약속을 해야 합니다. Facebook을 이용할 수 있는 사람 사람들이 각자의 의견과 행동에 대한 책임을 질 때 Facebook 커뮤니티는 더 안전하고 신뢰할 수 있는 공간이 됩니다. 이러한 이유로 회원님은 다음 사항을 준수해야 합니다. 일상생활에서 사용하는 것과 동일한 이름을 계정에 제공해야 합니다. 회원님에 관한 정확한 정보를 제공해야 합니다. 계정(본인 계정)은 하나만 만들고 개인적인 용도로 이용해야 합니다. 비밀번호를 공유하거나, 회원님의 Facebook 계정에 대한 접근 권한을 다른 사람에게 부	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://dev.to/johnstonlogan/react-hooks-barney-style-1hk7#main-content	useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Logan Johnston Posted on Sep 1, 2020 • Edited on Sep 9, 2020           useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays # react # hook # codenewbie # beginners The purpose of this article is to break down the use of the useState() React hook in an easy way using strings, objects, and arrays. We will also take a look at how these would be handled in class components. Disclaimer - I would normally create an onChange function separately but I find it easier to understand with an inline function. What is the setState function? The setState function is used to handle the state object in a React class component. This is something you will see a lot of in the examples below. Anytime you see a this.setState() this is how we are setting the state in a class component. What is a hook in React? React hooks were introduced in React v16.8. They allow you to use state and other React features without the need to create a class. Examples: Class component Functional component While these two code snippets look similar they do have slight differences in syntax, lifecycle methods, and state management. setState() vs useState() - Strings. setState() Class Component Using state in a class component requires the building of a state object. This state object is then modified by calling this.setState("new state"). In this example, we've created a state = { value: '' } object which has a value key and that key is initialized as an empty string. We've assigned an onChange event to the input so that every time we add or remove a character to the input we are calling the this.setState() . Here we areupdating the state using the value of the input ( e.target.value ) and setting it to the components state. useState() Functional Component With a functional component, we can use React hooks, specifically the useState() hook. This simplifies the creation of a state component and the function that updates it. We import {useState} from React and we are able to simply create a state and a function to set that state (state: value , setState: setValue ). The initial state of this component is set when calling useState , in this example, we are setting it to an empty string ( useState("") ). The only difference between the functional component and the class component at this point is instead of calling this.setState we use the function we created in the useState , in this case, setValue . setState() vs useState() - Objects. setState() Class Component Since state in a class component is already an object, it's business as usual. Use setState to populate the values of the state object. With the example above the users userName and email is stored in the state similar to the string version we talked about above. useState() Functional Component When we want to use the useState hook for an object we are going to initialize it to an empty object useState({}) . In this example, we are using the same setValue that we did in the string example but we've added a few things to our setValue function. First, we use the spread syntax to expand the current value before we add a new key-value pair. Second, we dynamically set the key using [e.target.name] , in this case, we are creating the key using the input's "name" attribute. Lastly, we are setting that key's value to the e.target.value . So after using the inputs we have an object with two keys {userName: "", email: ""} and their values. Creating an object could also be accomplished using multiple useState hooks and then bundling them into an object later if needed. See the example below. Note: I have my own preference for how to deal with objects while using hooks, and as you get more familiar you may find you enjoy either the class or functional component more than the other. setState() vs useState() - Arrays. Using arrays in stateful components can be extremely powerful, especially when creating things like a todo list. In these examples, we will be creating a very simple todo list. setState() Class Component When using an array in a stateful class component we need at least two keys in our state object. One would be the array itself todoArr: [] and the other would be the value that we are going to be pushing into the array todo: "" . In this example, we use the onChange attribute for our input to set the todo in our state object. We then have our Add Item button which when clicked will call our addItem function. In the addItem function we are going to create a list variable which is is an array that spreads the current todoArr and then adds the new todo item to the end of it. After creating the list array we use the setState function to replace the current todoArr with the new one and then set the todo back to an empty string to clear the input. Lastly at the bottom, we map through the current todoArr . The setState function will cause the component to rerender so every time you add an item it is immediately rendered onto the page. useState() Functional Component Dealing with the hooks in a function component seems extremely similar to the class component. We use the setTodo function to set our todo value in the onChange attribute of our input. We then have the same addItem function attached to the click of our Add Item button. The only difference we see here is that we don't create a list variable to pass into the hook. We could have avoided this in the class component but I think the readability when using the variable is much better. With the hook, I don't think the use of creating the list array beforehand is needed. We can spread the current array, add the new item, and then set the current todo back to an empty string so we can clear the input. Conclusion While using functional components with hooks is the new hotness, the state management is still very similar to the class components. If you're looking to start using function components with hooks over class components hopefully this post has helped you understand a little bit more about how to implement them. Top comments (2) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   forthebest forthebest forthebest Follow Joined Dec 26, 2020 • Feb 11 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide thanks Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   kevhines kevhines kevhines Follow A programmer first, then ran a comedy school for the UCB theater, now a programmer again. Location Maplewood, NJ Joined Jan 15, 2021 • Jan 18 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide very clear! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Logan Johnston Follow Full Stack Developer - React - Nodejs - Postgresql \| USN Veteran \| Web Design and Development Student Location San Diego, CA Joined Jun 29, 2020 Trending on DEV Community Hot How to Crack Any Software Developer Interview in 2026 (Updated for AI & Modern Hiring) # softwareengineering # programming # career # interview The First Week at a Startup Taught Me More Than I Expected # startup # beginners # career # learning From CDN to Pixel: A React App's Journey # react # programming # webdev # performance 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/git-flow	Workflows with git-flow \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Workflows with git-flow Git Flow is a branching model that provides a framework for managing branches in your Git project. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Workflows with git-flow When using version control in a team, it's crucial to agree on a workflow. Git in particular allows to do lots of things in lots of ways. However, if you don't use a common workflow in your team, confusion is inevitable. In principle, you're free to define your workflow of choice just as you want it - or you simply adopt an existing one. In this chapter, we'll look at a workflow that has become quite popular in recent years: "git-flow". What is git-flow? git-flow provides you with a handful of extra commands. Each of these commands performs multiple tasks automatically and in a predefined order. And voila - there we have our workflows! git-flow is by no means a replacement for Git. It's just a set of scripts that combine standard Git commands in a clever way. Strictly speaking, you wouldn't even have to use the scripts to use git-flow(-like) workflows: you could easily learn which workflow involves which individual tasks - and simply perform these Git commands (with the right parameters and in the right order) on your own. The git-flow scripts, however, save you from having to memorize all of this. Installing git-flow A couple of different forks of git-flow have emerged in recent years. In this chapter, we're using one of the most popular ones: the AVH Edition . Using Tower, you don't have to install anything as the app already includes the git-flow scripts. Setting Up git-flow in a Project When you "switch on" git-flow in a project, Git still works the same way in this repository. It is totally up to you to use special git-flow commands and normal Git commands in this repository side by side. Put another way, git-flow doesn't alter your repository in any dramatic way. That being said, however, git-flow indeed expects some conventions. Let's initialize it in a new project and we'll instantly see. In Tower, either activate the "Git Flow" tab in the "Settings" area - or simply click the "Git-Flow" button in the toolbar. You can then enable git-flow and will see the following configuration dialog: Although you can enter any names you like, I strongly suggest you stick with the default naming scheme - unless you have a very good reason to stray off the defaults. Branching Model The git-flow model expects two main branches in a repository: master always and exclusively contains production code. You don't work directly on the master branch but instead in designated, separate feature branches (which we'll talk about in a minute). Not committing directly to the master branch is a common hygiene rule in many workflows. develop is the basis for any new development efforts you make: when you start a new feature branch it will be based on develop . Additionally, this branch also aggregates any finished features, waiting to be integrated and deployed via master . These two branches are so-called long-running branches: they remain in your project during its whole lifetime. Other branches, e.g. for features or releases, only exist temporarily: they are created on demand and are deleted after they've fulfilled their purpose. Let's start exploring all of this in some real-world use cases. Feature Development Working on a feature is by far the most common task for any developer. That's why git-flow offers a couple of workflows around feature development that help do this in an organized way. Starting a New Feature Let's start working on a new "rss-feed" feature. Click the "Git-Flow" button in Tower's toolbar and select "Start Feature". git-flow now created a new branch called "feature/rss-feed" (the "feature/" prefix was one of the configurable options on setup). As you already know, using separate branches for your feature development is one of the most important ground rules in version control. git-flow also directly checks out the new branch so you can jump right into work. Finishing a Feature After some time of hard work and a number of clever commits, our feature is finally done. Right-click the feature branch in Tower's sidebar and select "Git-Flow Finish Feature 'rss-feed'". Most importantly, the "feature finish" command integrates our work back into the main "develop" branch. There, it waits... ...to be thouroughly tested in the broader "develop" context. ...to be released at a later time with all the other features that accumulate in the "develop" branch. git-flow also cleans up after us: it deletes the (now obsolete) feature branch and checks out the "develop" branch. Managing Releases Release management is another important topic that version control deals with. Let's look at how to create and publish releases with git-flow. Creating a New Release Do you feel that your current code on the "develop" branch is ripe for a new release? This should mean that it (a) contains all the new features and fixes and (b) has been thoroughly tested. If both (a) and (b) are true, you're ready to start a new release. To do so, click the "Git-Flow" button in the toolbar and select "Start Release". Note that release branches are named using version numbers. In addition to being an obvious choice, this naming scheme has a nice side-effect: git-flow can automatically tag the release commit appropriately when we later finish the release. With a new release branch in place, popular last preparations include bumping the version number (if your type of project keeps note of the version number somewhere in a file) and making any last-minute adaptions. Finishing the Release It's time to hit the danger button and finish our release: again, right-click the release branch in Tower's sidebar and choose "Git-Flow Finish Release". This triggers a couple of actions: First, git-flow pulls from the remote repository to make sure you are up-to-date. Then, the release content is merged back into both "master" and "develop" (so that not only the production code is up-to-date, but also new feature branches will be based off the latest code). To easily identify and reference it later, the release commit is tagged with the release's name ("1.1.5" in our case). To clean up, the release branch is deleted and we're back on "develop". From Git's point of view, the release is now finished. Depending on your setup, committing on "master" might have already triggered your deployment process - or you now manually do anything necessary to get your software product into the hands of your users. Hotfixes As thoroughly tested as your releases might be: all too often, just a couple of hours or days later, a little bug might nonetheless show its antennas. For cases like these, git-flow offers the special "hotfix" workflow (since neither a "feature" branch nor a "release" branch would be appropriate). Creating Hotfixes As before, the "Git-Flow" button in the toolbar is our starting point: choose "Start Hotfix" from the menu and, for our example, name the hotfix "missing-link". This creates a new branch named "hotfix/missing-link". Since we need to fix production code, the hotfix branch is based off of "master". This is also the most obvious distinction from release branches, which are based off of the "develop" branch. Because you wouldn't want to base a production hotfix on your (still unstable) develop code... Just like with a release, however, we bump up our project's version number and - of course - fix that bug! Finishing Hotfixes With our solution committed to the hotfix branch, it's time to wrap up: simply right-click the hotfix branch in Tower's sidebar and choose "Git Flow Finish Hotfix". The procedure in the background is very similar to finishing a release: The changes are merged both into "master" as well as into "develop" (to make sure the bug doesn't slip into the next release, again). The hotfix is tagged for easy reference. The branch is deleted and "develop" is checked out again. As with a release, now's the time to build / deploy your product (in case this hasn't already been triggered automatically). Workflows: A Recap Let me finish this chapter by stressing an important point once more: git-flow doesn't add any functionality on top of Git. It's simply a set of scripts that bundle Git commands into workflows. However, agreeing on a fixed process makes collaborating in a team much easier: everybody, from the "Git pro" to the "version control newbie", knows how certain tasks ought to be done. Keep in mind, though, that you don't have to use git-flow to achieve this: often, after some time and experience, teams notice that they don't need git-flow anymore. 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https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/	The latest on AI & ML - The GitHub Blog Skip to content / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. 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Learn more Developer skills Back Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Back Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights Back News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Back Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. Social impact How open source is driving positive change. Gaming Explore open source games on GitHub. An introduction to innersource Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software. Learn more Security Back Security Stay up to date on everything security. Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / AI & ML AI & ML GitHub engineers and industry thought leaders offer tips, best practices, and practical explainers about various aspects of AI and ML, ranging from fundamental concepts to advanced techniques and real-world applications. For more detailed documentation and practical guides on GitHub’s own AI coding tool, GitHub Copilot, check out GitHub’s official documentation . Featured Want better AI outputs? Try context engineering. Learn how custom instructions, reusable prompts, and custom agents help GitHub Copilot deliver more accurate results. Christina Warren · January 12, 2026 Why AI is pushing developers toward typed languages AI is settling the “typed vs. untyped” debate by turning type systems into the safety net for code you didn’t write yourself. Cassidy Williams · January 8, 2026 Agentic AI, MCP, and spec-driven development: Top blog posts of 2025 Explore the GitHub Blog’s top posts covering the biggest software development topics of the year. Natalie Guevara · December 30, 2025 WRAP up your backlog with GitHub Copilot coding agent An easy-to-remember acronym, WRAP will help you write effective issues, refine your instructions, and get the most out of Copilot coding agent. Brittany Ellich & Jason Etcovitch · December 26, 2025 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest Speed is nothing without control: How to keep quality high in the AI era AI can help you build faster than ever, but it can also produce bugs, issues, and problems. Use these strategies to keep your speed without losing control of your code. Gwen Davis & Carolyn Galvin · December 9, 2025 How to use GitHub Copilot Spaces to debug issues faster Follow this step-by-step guide to learn how to debug your issues using GitHub Copilot Spaces and Copilot coding agent. Andrea Griffiths · December 4, 2025 Your stack, your rules: Introducing custom agents in GitHub Copilot for observability, IaC, and security Use partner-built Copilot agents to debug, secure, and automate engineering workflows across your terminal, editor, and github.com. Griffin Ashe · December 3, 2025 How to orchestrate agents using mission control Run multiple Copilot agents from one place. Learn prompt techniques, how to spot drift early, and how to review agent work efficiently. Matt Nigh · December 1, 2025 How GitHub’s agentic security principles make our AI agents as secure as possible Learn more about the agentic security principles that we use to build secure AI products—and how you can apply them to your own agents. Rahul Zhade · November 25, 2025 Evolving GitHub Copilot’s next edit suggestions through custom model training GitHub Copilot’s next edit suggestions just got faster, smarter, and more precise thanks to new data pipelines, reinforcement learning, and continuous model updates built for in-editor workflows. Kevin Merchant & Yu Hu · November 20, 2025 How we’re making GitHub Copilot smarter with fewer tools We’re using embedding-guided tool routing, adaptive clustering, and a streamlined 13-tool core to deliver faster experience in VS Code. Anisha Agarwal & Connor Peet · November 19, 2025 How to write a great agents.md: Lessons from over 2,500 repositories Learn how to write effective agents.md files for GitHub Copilot with practical tips, real examples, and templates from analyzing 2,500+ repositories. Matt Nigh · November 19, 2025 Unlocking the full power of Copilot code review: Master your instructions files Discover practical tips, examples, and best practices for writing effective instructions files. Whether you’re new or experienced, you’ll find something to level up your code reviews. Ria Gopu · November 14, 2025 How Copilot helps build the GitHub platform A breakdown of how Copilot coding agent has contributed to a better, more powerful GitHub. Matt Nigh · November 12, 2025 GitHub Copilot CLI 101: How to use GitHub Copilot from the command line Curious about using GitHub Copilot in your terminal? Here’s our guide to GitHub Copilot CLI, including a starter kit with the best prompts for a wide range of use cases. Alexandra Lietzke · November 6, 2025 GitHub Copilot tutorial: How to build, test, review, and ship code faster (with real prompts) How GitHub Copilot works today—including mission control—and how to get the most out of it. Here’s what you need to know. Aaron Winston · November 5, 2025 Measuring what matters: How offline evaluation of GitHub MCP Server works Take a look inside our automated pipeline for rapid, rigorous evaluation for the GitHub MCP Server. Ksenia Bobrova · October 30, 2025 How to find, install, and manage MCP servers with the GitHub MCP Registry Learn how to bring structure and security to your AI ecosystem with the GitHub MCP Registry, the single source of truth for managing and governing MCP servers. Andrea Griffiths · October 24, 2025 The road to better completions: Building a faster, smarter GitHub Copilot with a new custom model Find out about the latest custom models powering the completions experience in GitHub Copilot. 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https://stripe.com/zh-us/privacy	与 Stripe 销售人员聊天 Privacy Policy Stripe logo 法律 Stripe Privacy Policy & Privacy Center 隐私政策 Cookie 政策数据隐私框架服务提供商列表数据处理协议 Supplier Data Processing Agreement Stripe 隐私中心 Privacy Policy This Privacy Policy will be updated on January 16, 2026. Please review the upcoming changes here . Last updated: January 16, 2025 This Privacy Policy includes important information about your personal data and we encourage you to read it carefully. Welcome We provide financial infrastructure for the internet. Individuals and businesses of all sizes use our technology and services to facilitate purchases, accept payments, send payouts, and manage online businesses. This Privacy Policy (“Policy”) describes the Personal Data that we collect, how we use and share it, and details on how you can reach us with privacy-related inquiries. The Policy also outlines your rights and choices as a data subject, including the right to object to certain uses of your Personal Data. Depending on the activity, Stripe assumes the role of a “data controller” and/or “data processor” (or “service provider”). For more details about our privacy practices, including our role, the specific Stripe entity responsible under this Policy, and our legal bases for processing your Personal Data, please visit our Privacy Center . Defined Terms In this Policy, “Stripe”, “we”, “our,” or “us” refers to the Stripe entity responsible for the collection, use, and handling of Personal Data as described in this document. Depending on your jurisdiction, the specific Stripe entity accountable for your Personal Data might vary. Learn More . “Personal Data” refers to any information associated with an identified or identifiable individual, which can include data that you provide to us, and that we collect about you during your interaction with our Services (such as device information, IP address, etc.). “Services” refers to the products, services, devices, and applications, that we provide under the Stripe Services Agreement (“Business Services”) or the Stripe Consumer Terms of Service (“End User Services”); websites (“Sites”) like Stripe.com and Link.com; and other Stripe applications and online services. We provide Business Services to entities (“Business Users”). We provide End User Services directly to individuals for their personal use. “Financial Partners” are financial institutions, banks, and other partners such as payment method acquirers, payout providers, and card networks that we partner with to provide the Services. Depending on the context, “you” might be an End Customer, End User, Representative, or Visitor: End Users. When you use an End User Service, such as saving a payment method with Link, for personal use we refer to you as an “End User.” End Customers. When you are not directly transacting with Stripe, but we receive your Personal Data to provide Services to a Business User, including when you make a purchase from a Business User on a Stripe Checkout page or receive payments from a Business User, we refer to you as an “End Customer.” Representatives. When you are acting on behalf of an existing or potential Business User—perhaps as a company founder, account administrator for a Business User, or a recipient of an employee credit card from a Business User via Stripe Issuing—we refer to you as a “Representative.” Visitors. When you interact with Stripe by visiting a Site without being logged into a Stripe account, or when your interaction with Stripe does not involve you being an End User, End Customer, or Representative, we refer to you as a “Visitor.” For example, you are a Visitor when you send a message to Stripe asking for more information about our Services. In this Policy, “Transaction Data” refers to data collected and used by Stripe to facilitate transactions you request. Some Transaction Data is Personal Data and may include: your name, email address, contact number, billing and shipping address, payment method information (like credit or debit card number, bank account details, or payment card image chosen by you), merchant and location details, amount and date of purchase, and in some instances, information about what was purchased. 1. Personal Data that we collect and how we use and share it 2. More ways we collect, use and share Personal Data 3. Legal bases for processing data 4. Your rights and choices 5. Security and retention 6. International data transfers 7. Updates and notifications 8. Jurisdiction-specific provisions 9. Contact us 10. US Consumer Privacy Notice 1. Personal Data we collect and how we use and share it Our collection and use of Personal Data differs based on whether you are an End User, End Customer, Representative, or Visitor, and the specific Service that you are using. For example, if you're a sole proprietor who wants to use our Business Services, we may collect your Personal Data to onboard your business; at the same time, you might also be an End Customer if you've bought goods from another Business User that is using our Services for payment processing. You could also be an End User if you used our End User Service, such as Link, for those transactions. 1.1 End Users We provide End User Services when we provide the Services directly to you for your personal use (e.g., Link). Additional details regarding our collection, usage, and sharing of End User Personal Data, including the legal bases we rely on for processing such data, can be found in our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about End Users Using Link or Connecting your bank account . Stripe offers a service called "Link," which allows you to create an account and store information for future interactions with Stripe’s Services and Business Users. You may save a number of different kinds of Personal Data using Link. For instance, you may save your name, payment method details, contact information, and address to conveniently use saved information to pay for transactions across our Business Users. When you choose to pay with Link, we will also collect Transaction Data associated with your transactions. Learn More . You can also share and save bank account details to your Link account using Stripe’s Financial Connections product. When you use Financial Connections, Stripe will periodically collect and process your account information (such as bank account owner information, account balances, account number and details, account transactions, and, in some cases, log-in credentials). You can ask us to cease the collection of such data at any time. Learn More . You can also use your Link account to access services provided by Stripe’s partner businesses, such as Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services or crypto wallet services. In these situations, we will collect and share additional Personal Data with partner businesses to facilitate your use of such services. You can save this information to your Link account to access similar services in the future. We may also receive certain information about you from partner businesses in connection with the services they provide. Learn More . Finally, you can use Link to store your identity documents (such as your driver’s license) so that you can share them in future interactions with Stripe or its Business Users. Paying Stripe . When you purchase goods or services directly from Stripe, we receive your Transaction Data. For instance, when you make a payment to Stripe Climate, we collect information about the transaction, as well as your contact and payment method details. Identity/Verification Services . We offer an identity verification service that automates the comparison of your identity document (such as a driver’s license) with your image (such as a selfie). You can separately consent to us using your biometric data to enhance our verification technology, with the option to revoke your consent at any time. Learn More . More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about End Users, including about your online activity and your engagement with our End User Services, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of End Users Services . We use and share your Personal Data to provide the End User Services to you, which includes support, personalization (such as language preferences and setting choices), and communication about our End User Services (such as communicating Policy updates and information about our Services). For example, Stripe may use cookies and similar technologies or the data you provide to our Business Users (such as when you input your email address on a Business User’s website) to recognize you and help you use Link when visiting our Business User’s website. Learn more about how we use cookies and similar technologies in Stripe’s Cookie Policy . Our Business Users. When you use Link to make payments with our Business Users, we share your Personal Data, including name, contact information, payment method details, and Transaction Data with those Business Users. Learn More . You can also direct Stripe to share your saved bank account information and identity documents with Business Users you do business with. Once we share your Personal Data with Business Users, we may process that Personal Data as a Data Processor for those Business Users, as detailed in Section 1.2 of this Policy. You should consult the privacy policies of the Business Users’ you do business with for information on how they use the information shared with them. Fraud Detection and Loss Prevention . We use your Personal Data collected across our Services to detect fraud and prevent financial losses for you, us, and our Business Users and Financial Partners, including detecting unauthorized purchases. We may provide Business Users and Financial Partners, including those that use our fraud prevention-related Business Services (such as Stripe Radar), with Personal Data about you (including your attempted transactions) so that they can assess the fraud or loss risk associated with the transaction. Learn more about how we may use technology to assess the fraud risk associated with an attempted transaction and what information we share with Business Users and Financial Partners here and here . Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, we may use your Personal Data, including Transaction Data, to assess your eligibility for, and offer you, other End User Services or promote existing End User Services, including through co-marketing with partners such as Stripe Business Users. Learn more . Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we use and share End User Personal Data with third party partners to allow us to advertise our End User Services to you, including through interest-based advertising, and to track the efficacy of such ads. We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment, but we may provide your data to third-party partners, such as advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services to you. Learn more . More . For further information about ways we may use and share End Users' Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.2 End Customers Stripe provides various Business Services to our Business Users, which include processing in-person or online payments or payouts for those Business Users. When acting as a service provider—also referred to as a Data Processor—for a Business User, we process End Customer Personal Data in accordance with our agreement with the Business User and the Business User's lawful instructions. This happens, for example, when we process a payment for a Business User because you purchased a product from them, or when the Business User asks us to send you funds. Business Users are responsible for ensuring that the privacy rights of their End Customers are respected, including obtaining appropriate consents and making disclosures about their own data collection and use associated with their products and services. If you're an End Customer, please refer to the privacy policy of the Business User you're doing business with for its privacy practices, choices, and controls. We provide more comprehensive information about our collection, use, and sharing of End Customer Personal Data in our Privacy Center , including the legal bases we rely on for processing your Personal Data. a. Personal Data we collect about End Customers Transaction Data . If you're an End Customer making payments to, receiving refunds or payments from, initiating a purchase or donation, or otherwise transacting with our Business User, whether in-person or online, we receive your Transaction Data. We may also receive your transaction history with the Business User. Learn More . Additionally, we may collect information entered into a checkout form even if you opt not to complete the form or transaction with the Business User. Learn More . A Business User who uses Stripe’s Terminal Service to provide its goods or services to End Customers may use the Terminal Service to collect End Customer Personal Data (like your name, email, phone number, address, signature, or age) in accordance with its own privacy policy. Identity/Verification Information . Stripe provides a verification and fraud prevention Service that our Business Users can use to verify Personal Data about you, such as your authorization to use a particular payment method. During the process, you’d be asked to share with us certain Personal Data (like your government ID and selfie for biometric verification, Personal Data you input, or Personal Data that is apparent from the physical payment method like a credit card image). To protect against fraud and determine if somebody is trying to impersonate you, we may cross-verify this data with information about you that we've collected from Business Users, Financial Partners, business affiliates, identity verification services, publicly available sources, and other third party service providers and sources. Learn More . More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about End Customers, including about your online activity, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of End Customers To provide our Business Services to our Business Users, we use and share End Customers' Personal Data with them. Where allowed, we also use End Customers' Personal Data for Stripe’s own purposes such as enhancing security, improving and offering our Business Services, and preventing fraud, loss, and other damages, as described further below. Payment processing and accounting . We use your Transaction Data to deliver Payment-related Business Services to Business Users — including online payment transactions processing, sales tax calculation, and invoice, bill, and dispute handling — and to help them determine their revenue, settle their bills, and execute accounting tasks. Learn More . We may also use your Personal Data to provide and improve our Business Services. During payment transactions, your Personal Data is shared with various entities in connection with your transaction. As a service provider or data processor, we share Personal Data to enable transactions as directed by Business Users. For instance, when you choose a payment method for your transaction, we may share your Transaction Data with your bank or other payment method provider, including as necessary to authenticate you, Learn More , process your transaction, prevent fraud, and handle disputes. The Business User you choose to do business with also receives Transaction Data and might share the data with others. Please review your merchant’s, bank’s, and payment method provider’s privacy policies for more information about how they use and share your Personal Data. Financial services . Certain Business Users leverage our Services to offer financial services to you via Stripe or our Financial Partners. For example, a Business User may issue a card product with which you can purchase goods and services. Such cards could carry the brand of Stripe, the bank partner, and/or the Business User. In addition to any Transaction Data we may generate or receive when these cards are used for purchases, we also collect and use your Personal Data to provide and manage these products, including assisting our Business Users in preventing misuse of the cards. Please review the privacy policies of the Business User and, if applicable, our bank partners associated with the financial service (the brands of which may be shown on the card) for more information. Identity/Verification services . We use Personal Data about your identity to perform verification services for Stripe or for the Business Users that you are transacting with, to prevent fraud, and to enhance security. For these purposes we may use Personal Data you provide directly or Personal Data we obtain from our service providers, including for phone verification. Learn More . If you provide a selfie along with an image of your identity document, we may employ biometric technology to compare and calculate whether they match and verify your identity. Learn More . Fraud detection and loss prevention. We use your Personal Data collected across our Services to detect and prevent losses for you, us, our Business Users, and Financial Partners. We may provide Business Users and Financial Partners, including those using our fraud prevention-related Business Services, with your Personal Data (including your attempted transactions) to help them assess the fraud or loss risk associated with a transaction. Learn more about how we may use technology to assess the fraud risk associated with an attempted transaction and what information we share with Business Users and Financial Partners here and here . Our Business Users (and their authorized third parties). We share End Customers' Personal Data with their respective Business Users and parties directly authorized by those Business Users to receive such data. Here are common examples of such sharing: When a Business User instructs Stripe to provide another Business User with access to its Stripe account, including data related to its End Customers, via Stripe Connect. Sharing information that you have provided to us with a Business User so that we can send payments to you on behalf of that Business User. Sharing information, documents, or images provided by an End Customer with a Business User when the latter uses Stripe Identity, our identity verification Service, to verify the identity of the End Customer. The Business Users you choose to do business with may further share your Personal Data with third parties (like additional third party service providers other than Stripe). Please review the Business User’s privacy policy for more information. Advertising by Business Users . If you initiate a purchasing process with a Business User, the Business User receives your Personal Data from us in connection with our provision of Services even if you don't finish your purchase. The Business User may use your Personal Data to market and advertise their products or services, subject to the terms of their privacy policy. Please review the Business User’s privacy policy for more information, including your rights to stop their use of your Personal Data for marketing purposes. More . For further information about additional ways by which we may use and share End Customers' Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.3 Representatives We collect, use, and share Personal Data from Representatives of Business Users (for example, business owners) to provide our Business Services. For more information about how we collect, use, and share Personal Data from Representatives, as well as the legal bases we rely on for processing such Personal Data, please visit our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about Representatives Registration and contact information . When you register for a Stripe account for a Business User (including incorporation of a Business), we collect your name and login credentials. If you register for or attend an event organized by Stripe or sign up to receive Stripe communications, we collect your registration and profile data. As a Representative, we may collect your Personal Data from third parties, including data providers, to advertise, market, and communicate with you as detailed further in the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. We may also link a location with you to tailor the Services or information effectively to your needs. Learn More . Identification Information . As a current or potential Business User, an owner of a Business User, or a shareholder, officer, or director of a Business User, we need your contact details, such as name, postal address, telephone number, and email address, to fulfill our Financial Partner and regulatory requirements, verify your identity, and prevent fraudulent activities and harm to the Stripe platform. We collect your Personal Data, such as ownership interest in the Business User, date of birth, government-issued identity documents, and associated identifiers, as well as any history of fraud or misuse, directly from you and/or from publicly available sources, third parties such as credit bureaus and via the Services we provide. Learn More . You may also choose to provide us with bank account information. More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about Representatives, including your online activity, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of Representatives We typically use the Personal Data of Representatives to provide the Business Services to the corresponding Business Users. The ways we use and share this data are further described below. Business Services . We use and share Representatives’ Personal Data with Business Users to provide the Services requested by you or the Business User you represent. In some instances, we may have to submit your Personal Data to a government entity to provide our Business Services, for purposes such as the incorporation of a business, or calculating and paying applicable sales tax. For our tax-related Business Services, we may use your Personal Data to prepare tax documents and file taxes on behalf of the Business User you represent. For our Atlas business incorporation Services, we may use your Personal Data to submit forms to the IRS on your behalf and file documents with other government authorities, such as articles of incorporation in your state of incorporation. We share Representatives’ Personal Data with parties authorized by the corresponding Business User, such as Financial Partners servicing a financial product, or third party apps or services the Business User chooses to use alongside our Business Services. Here are common examples of such sharing: Payment method providers, like Visa or WeChat Pay, require information about Business Users and their Representatives who accept their payment methods. This information is typically required during the onboarding process or for processing transactions and handling disputes for these Business Users. Learn More . A Business User may authorize Stripe to share your Personal Data with other Business Users to facilitate the provision of Services through Stripe Connect. The use of Personal Data by a third party authorized by a Business User is subject to the third party’s privacy policy. If you are a Business User who has chosen a name that includes Personal Data (for example, a sole proprietorship or family name in a company name), we will use and share such information for the provision of our Services in the same way we do with any company name. This may include, for example, displaying it on receipts and other transaction-identifying descriptions. Fraud detection and loss prevention . We use Representatives’ Personal Data to identify and manage risks that our Business Services might be used for fraudulent activities causing losses to Stripe, End Users, End Customers, Business Users, Financial Partners, and others. We also use information about you obtained from publicly available sources, third parties like credit bureaus and from our Services to address such risks, including to identify patterns of misuse and monitor for terms of service violations. Stripe may share Representatives' Personal Data with Business Users, our Financial Partners, and third party service providers, including phone verification providers, Learn More , to verify the information provided by you and identify risk indicators. Learn More . We also use and share Representatives' Personal Data to conduct due diligence, including conducting anti-money laundering and sanctions screening in accordance with applicable law. Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, and where required with your consent, we use and share Representatives’ Personal Data with third parties, including Partners , so we can advertise and market our Services and Partner integrations. Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we may advertise through interest-based advertising and track the efficacy of such ads. See our Cookie Policy . We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment. However, we may provide your data to third party partners, like advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services. Learn more . We may also use your Personal Data, including your Stripe account activity, to evaluate your eligibility for and offer you Business Services or promote existing Business Services. Learn more . More . For further information about additional ways by which we may use and share Representatives’ Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.4 Visitors We collect, use, and share the Personal Data of Visitors. More details about how we collect, use, and share Visitors’ Personal Data, along with the legal bases we rely on for processing such Personal Data, can be found in our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about Visitors When you browse our Sites, we receive your Personal Data, either provided directly by you or collected through our use of cookies and similar technologies. See our Cookie Policy for more information. If you opt to complete a form on the Site or third party websites where our advertisements are displayed (like LinkedIn or Facebook), we collect the information you included in the form. This may include your contact information and other information pertaining to your questions about our Services. We may also associate a location with your visit. Learn More . More . Further details about other types of Personal Data that we may collect from Visitors, including your online activity, can be found in the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of Visitors Personalization . We use the data we collect about you using cookies and similar technologies to measure engagement with the content on the Sites, improve relevancy and navigation, customize your experience (such as language preference and region-specific content), and curate content about Stripe and our Services that's tailored to you. For instance, as not all of our Services are available globally, we may customize our responses based on your region. Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, and where required with your consent, we use and share Visitors’ Personal Data with third parties, including Partners , so we can advertise and market our Services and Partner integrations. Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we may advertise through interest-based advertising and track the efficacy of such ads. See our Cookie Policy . We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment, but we may provide your data to third party partners, like advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services. Learn more . Engagement . As you interact with our Sites, we use the information we collect about and through your devices to provide opportunities for further interactions, such as discussions about Services or interactions with chatbots, to address your questions. More . For more information about additional ways we may use and share Visitors’ Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 2. More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data In addition to the ways described above, we also process your Personal Data as follows: a. Collection of Personal Data Online Activity . Depending on the Service used and how our Business Services are implemented by the Business Users, we may collect information related to: The devices and browsers you use across our Sites and third party websites, apps, and other online services (“Third Party Sites”). Usage data associated with those devices and browsers and your engagement with our Services, including data elements like IP address, plug-ins, language preference, time spent on Sites and Third Party Sites, pages visited, links clicked, payment methods used, and the pages that led you to our Sites and Third Party Sites. We also collect activity indicators, such as mouse activity indicators, to help us detect fraud. Learn More . See also our Cookie Policy . Communication and Engagement Information . We also collect information you choose to share with us through various channels, such as support tickets, emails, or social media. If you respond to emails or surveys from Stripe, we collect your email address, name, and any other data you opt to include in your email or responses. If you engage with us over the phone, we collect your phone number and any other information you might provide during the call. Calls with Stripe or Stripe representatives may be recorded. Learn More . Additionally, we collect your engagement data, like your registration for, attendance at, or viewing of Stripe events and any other interactions with Stripe personnel. Forums and Discussion Groups . If our Sites allow posting of content, we collect Personal Data that you provide in connection with the post. b. Use of Personal Data. Besides the use of Personal Data described above, we use Personal Data in the ways listed below: Analyzing, Improving, and Developing our Services . We collect and process Personal Data throughout our various Services, whether you are an End User, End Customer, Representative, or Visitor, to improve our Services, develop new Services, and support our efforts to make our Services more efficient, relevant, and useful to you. Learn More . We may use Personal Data to generate aggregate and statistical information to understand and explain how our Services are used. Examples of how we use Personal Data to analyze, improve, and develop our products and services include: Using analytics on our Sites, including as described in our Cookie Policy, to help us understand your use of our Sites and Services and diagnose technical issues. Training artificial intelligence models to power our Services and protect against fraud and other harm. Learn more . Analyzing and drawing inferences from Transaction Data to reduce costs, fraud, and disputes and increase authentication and authorization rates for Stripe and our Business Users. Communications . We use the contact information we have about you to deliver our Services, Learn More , which may involve sending codes via SMS for your authentication. Learn More . If you are an End User, Representative, or Visitor, we may communicate with you using the contact information we have about you to provide information about our Services and our affiliates’ services, invite you to participate in our events, surveys, or user research, or otherwise communicate with you for marketing purposes, in compliance with applicable law, including any consent or opt-out requirements. For example, when you provide your contact information to us or when we collect your business contact details through participation at trade shows or other events, we may use this data to follow up with you regarding an event, provide information requested about our Services, and include you in our marketing information campaigns. Where permitted under applicable law, we may record our calls with you to provide our Services, comply with our legal obligations, perform research and quality assurance, and for training purposes. Social Media and Promotions . If you opt to submit Personal Data to engage in an offer, program, or promotion, we use the Personal Data you provide to manage the offer, program, or promotion. We also use the Personal Data you provide, along with the Personal Data you make available on social media platforms, for marketing purposes, unless we are not permitted to do so. Fraud Prevention and Security . We collect and use Personal Data to help us identify and manage activities that could be fraudulent or harmful across our Services, enable our fraud detection Business Services, and secure our Services and transactions against unauthorized access, use, alteration or misappropriation of Personal Data, information, and funds. As part of the fraud prevention, detection, security monitoring, and compliance efforts for Stripe and its Business Users, we collect information from publicly available sources, third parties (such as credit bureaus), and via the Services we offer. In some instances, we may also collect information about you directly from you, or from our Business Users, Financial Partners, and other third parties for the same purposes. Furthermore, to protect our Services, we may receive details such as IP addresses and other identifying data about potential security threats from third parties. Learn More . Such information helps us verify identities, conduct credit checks where lawfully permitted, and prevent fraud. Additionally, we might use technology to evaluate the potential risk of fraud associated with individuals seeking to procure our Business Services or arising from attempted transactions by an End Customer or End User with our Business Users or Financial Partners. Compliance with Legal Obligations . We use Personal Data to meet our contractual and legal obligations related to anti-money laundering, Know-Your-Customer ("KYC") laws, anti-terrorism activities, safeguarding vulnerable customers, export control, and prohibition of doing business with restricted persons or in certain business fields, among other legal obligations. For example, we may monitor transaction patterns and other online signals and use those insights to identify fraud, money laundering, and other harmful activity that could affect Stripe, our Financial Partners, End Users, Business Users and others. Learn More . Safety, security, and compliance for our Services are key priorities for us, and collecting and using Personal Data is crucial to this effort. Minors . Our Services are not directed to children under the age of 13, and we request that they do not provide Personal Data to seek Services directly from Stripe. In certain jurisdictions, we may impose higher age limits as required by applicable law. c. Sharing of Personal Data. Besides the sharing of Personal Data described above, we share Personal Data in the ways listed below: Stripe Affiliates . We share Personal Data with other Stripe-affiliated entities for purposes identified in this Policy. Service Providers or Processors . In order to provide, communicate, market, analyze, and advertise our Services, we depend on service providers. These providers offer critical services such as providing cloud infrastructure, conducting analytics for the assessment of the speed, accuracy, and/or security of our Services, verifying identities, identifying potentially harmful activity, and providing customer service and audit functions. We authorize these service providers to use or disclose the Personal Data we make available to them to perform services on our behalf and to comply with relevant legal obligations. We require these service providers to contractually commit to security and confidentiality obligations for the Personal Data they process on our behalf. The majority of our service providers are based in the European Union, the United States of America, and India. Learn More . Financial Partners . We share Personal Data with certain Financial Partners to provide Services to Business Users and offer certain Services in conjunction with these Financial Partners. For instance, we may share certain Personal Data, such as payment processing volume, loan repayment data, and Representative contact information, with institutional investors and lenders who purchase loan receivables or provide financing related to Stripe Capital. Learn More . Others with Consent . In some situations, we may not offer a service, but instead refer you to others (like professional service firms that we partner with to deliver the Atlas Service). In these instances, we will disclose the identity of the third party and the information to be shared with them, and seek your consent to share the information. Corporate Transactions . If we enter or intend to enter a transaction that modifies the structure of our business, such as a reorganization, merger, sale, joint venture, assignment, transfer, change of control, or other disposition of all or part of our business, assets, or stock, we may share Personal Data with third parties in connection with such transaction. Any other entity that buys us or part of our business will have the right to continue to use your Personal Data, subject to the terms of this Policy. Compliance and Harm Prevention . We share Personal Data when we believe it is necessary to comply with applicable law; to abide by rules imposed by Financial Partners in connection with the use of their payment method; to enforce our contractual rights; to secure and protect the Services, rights, privacy, safety, and property of Stripe, you, and others, including against malicious or fraudulent activity; and to respond to valid legal requests from courts, law enforcement agencies, regulatory agencies, and other public and government authorities, which may include authorities outside your country of residence. 3. Legal bases for processing Personal Data For purposes of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other applicable data protection laws, we rely on a number of legal bases to process your Personal Data. Learn More . For some jurisdictions, there may be additional legal bases, which are outlined in the Jurisdiction-Specific Provisions section below. a. Contractual and Pre-Contractual Business Relationships . We process Personal Data to enter into business relationships with prospective Business Users and End Users and fulfill our respective contractual obligations with them. These processing activities include: Creation and management of Stripe accounts and Stripe account credentials, including the assessment of applications to initiate or expand the use of our Services; Creation and management of Stripe Checkout accounts; Accounting, auditing, and billing activities; and Processing of payments and related activities, which include fraud detection, loss prevention, transaction optimization, communications about such payments, and related customer service activities. b. Legal Compliance . We process Personal Data to verify the identities of individuals and entities to comply with obligations related to fraud monitoring, prevention, and detection, laws associated with identifying and reporting illicit and illegal activities, such as those under the Anti-Money Laundering ("AML") and Know-Your-Customer (“KYC") regulations, and financial reporting obligations. For example, we may be required to record and verify a Business User’s identity to comply with regulations designed to prevent money laundering, fraud, and financial crimes. These legal obligations may require us to report our compliance to third parties and subject ourselves to third party verification audits. c. Legitimate Interests . Where permitted under applicable law, we rely on our legitimate business interests to process your Personal Data. The following list provides an example of the business purposes for which we have a legitimate interest in processing your data: Detection, monitoring, and prevention of fraud and unauthorized payment transactions; Mitigation of financial loss, claims, liabilities or other harm to End Customers, End Users, Business Users, Financial Partners, and Stripe; Determination of eligibility for and offering new Stripe Services ( Learn More ); Response to inquiries, delivery of Service notices, and provision of customer support; Promotion, analysis, modification, and improvement of our Services, systems, and tools, as well as the development of new products and services, including enhancing the reliability of the Services; Management, operation, and improvement of the performance of our Sites and Services, through understanding their effectiveness and optimizing our digital assets; Analysis and advertisement of our Services, and related improvements; Aggregate analysis and development of business intelligence that enable us to operate, protect, make informed decisions about, and report on the performance of our business; Sharing of Personal Data with third party service providers that offer services on our behalf and business partners that help us in operating and improving our business ( Learn More) ; Enabling network and information security throughout Stripe and our Services; and Sharing of Personal Data among our affiliates. d. Consent . We may rely on consent or explicit consent to collect and process Personal Data regarding our interactions with you and the provision of our Services such as Link, Financial Connections, Atlas, and Identity. When we process your Personal Data based on your consent, you have the right to withdraw your consent at any time, and such a withdrawal will not impact the legality of processing performed based on the consent prior to its withdrawal. e. Substantial Public Interest . We may process special categories of Personal Data, as defined by the GDPR, when such processing is necessary for reasons of substantial public interest and consistent with applicable law, such as when we conduct politically-exposed person checks. We may also process Personal Data related to criminal convictions and offenses when such processing is authorized by applicable law, such as when we conduct sanctions screening to comply with AML and KYC obligations. f. Other valid legal bases . We may process Personal Data further to other valid legal bases as recognized under applicable law in specific jurisdictions. See the Jurisdiction-specific provisions section below for more information. 4. Your rights and choices Depending on your location and subject to applicable law, you may have choices regarding our collection, use, and disclosure of your Personal Data: a. Opting out of receiving electronic communications from us If you wish to stop receiving marketing-related emails from us, you can opt-out by clicking the unsubscribe link included in such emails or as described here . We'll try to process your request(s) as quickly as reasonably practicable. However, it's important to note that even if you opt out of receiving marketing-related emails from us, we retain the right to communicate with you about the Services you receive (like support and important legal notices) and our Business Users might still send you messages or instruct us to send you messages on their behalf. b. Your data protection rights Depending on your location and subject to applicable law, you may have the following rights regarding the Personal Data we process about you as a data controller: The right to request confirmation of whether Stripe is processing Personal Data associated with you, the categories of personal data it has processed, and the third parties or categories of third parties with which your Personal Data is shared; The right to request access to the Personal Data Stripe processes about you ( Learn More ); The right to request that Stripe rectify or update your Personal Data if it's inaccurate, incomplete, or outdated; The right to request that Stripe erase your Personal Data in certain circumstances as provided by law ( Learn More ); The right to request that Stripe restrict the use of your Personal Data in certain circumstances, such as while Stripe is considering another request you've submitted (for instance, a request that Stripe update your Personal Data); The right to request that we export the Personal Data we hold about you to another company, provided it's technically feasible; The right to withdraw your consent if your Personal Data is being processed based on your previous consent; The right to object to the processing of your Personal Data if we are processing your data based on our legitimate interests; unless there are compelling legitimate grounds or the processing is necessary for legal reasons, we will cease processing your Personal Data upon receiving your objection ( Learn More ); The right not to be discriminated against for exercising these rights; and The right to appeal any decision by Stripe relating to your rights by contacting Stripe’s Data Protection Officer (“DPO”) at dpo@stripe.com , and/or relevant regulatory agencies. You may have additional rights, depending on applicable law, over your Personal Data. For example, see the Jurisdiction-specific provisions section under United States below. c. Process for exercising your data protection rights To exercise your data protection rights related to Personal Data we process as a data controller, visit our Privacy Center or contact us as outlined below. For Personal Data we process as a data processor, please reach out to the relevant data controller (Business User) to exercise your rights. If you contact us regarding your Personal Data we process as a data processor, we will refer you to the relevant data controller to the extent we are able to identify them. 5. Security and Retention We make reasonable efforts to provide a level of security appropriate to the risk associated with the processing of your Personal Data. We maintain organizational, technical, and administrative measures designed to protect the Personal Data covered by this Policy from unauthorized access, destruction, loss, alteration, or misuse. Learn More . Unfortunately, no data transmission or storage system can be guaranteed to be 100% secure. We encourage you to assist us in protecting your Personal Data. If you hold a Stripe account, you can do so by using a strong password, safeguarding your password against unauthorized use, and avoiding using identical login credentials you use for other services or accounts for your Stripe account. If you suspect that your interaction with us is no longer secure (for instance, you believe that your Stripe account's security has been compromised), please contact us immediately. We retain your Personal Data for as long as we continue to provide the Services to you or our Business Users, or for a period in which we reasonably foresee continuing to provide the Services. Even after we stop providing Services directly to you or to a Business User that you're doing business with, and even after you close your Stripe account or complete a transaction with a Business User, we may continue to retain your Personal Data to: Comply with our legal and regulatory obligations; Enable fraud monitoring, detection, and prevention activities; and Comply with our tax, accounting, and financial reporting obligations, including when such retention is required by our contractual agreements with our Financial Partners (and where data retention is mandated by the payment methods you've used). In cases where we keep your Personal Data, we do so in accordance with any limitation periods and record retention obligations imposed by applicable law. Learn More . 6. International Data Transfers As a global business, it's sometimes necessary for us to transfer your Personal Data to countries other than your own, including the United States. These countries might have data protection regulations that are different from those in your country. When transferring data across borders, we take measures to comply with applicable data protection laws related to such transfer. In certain situations, we may be required to disclose Personal Data in response to lawful requests from officials, such as law enforcement or security authorities. Learn More . If you are located in the European Economic Area (“EEA”), the United Kingdom ("UK"), or Switzerland, please refer to our Privacy Center for additional details. When a data transfer mechanism is mandated by applicable law, we employ one or more of the following: Transfers to certain countries or recipients that are recognized as having an adequate level of protection for Personal Data under applicable law. EU Standard Contractual Clauses approved by the European Commis	2026-01-13T08:48:32
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https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/llms/	The latest on LLMs - The GitHub Blog Skip to content / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. 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Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Search Categories AI & ML Back AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. 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Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. 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Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / AI & ML / LLMs LLMs In-depth articles and tutorials on leveraging LLMs, including natural language processing, code generation, and data analysis, with insights into training, fine-tuning, and deploying LLMs. Curious how to get started? Check out our guide on architecting LLM-powered applications . Featured Why AI is pushing developers toward typed languages AI is settling the “typed vs. untyped” debate by turning type systems into the safety net for code you didn’t write yourself. Cassidy Williams · January 8, 2026 Solving the inference problem for open source AI projects with GitHub Models How using GitHub’s free inference API can make your AI-powered open source software more accessible. Sean Goedecke · July 23, 2025 A guide to deciding what AI model to use in GitHub Copilot What to look for with each model and how to test them in your workflows—with tips, tricks, and pointers. Klint Finley · April 24, 2025 What the heck is MCP and why is everyone talking about it? Everyone’s talking about MCP these days when it comes to large language models (LLMs)—here’s what you need to know. Cassidy Williams · April 11, 2025 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest So many tokens, so little time: Introducing a faster, more flexible byte-pair tokenizer We released a new open source byte-pair tokenizer that is faster and more flexible than popular alternatives. Hendrik van Antwerpen & Alexander Neubeck · December 12, 2024 Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Unstructured data holds valuable information about codebases, organizational best practices, and customer feedback. Here are some ways you can leverage it with RAG, or retrieval-augmented generation. Nicole Choi · June 13, 2024 How AI enhances static application security testing (SAST) Here’s how SAST tools combine generative AI with code scanning to help you deliver features faster and keep vulnerabilities out of code. Nicole Choi · May 9, 2024 Customizing and fine-tuning LLMs: What you need to know Learn how your organization can customize its LLM-based solution through retrieval augmented generation and fine-tuning. Nicole Choi · February 28, 2024 How we’re experimenting with LLMs to evolve GitHub Copilot Learn how we’re experimenting with generative AI models to extend GitHub Copilot across the developer lifecycle. Sara Verdi · December 6, 2023 The architecture of today’s LLM applications Here’s everything you need to know to build your first LLM app and problem spaces you can start exploring today. Nicole Choi · October 30, 2023 Demystifying LLMs: How they can do things they weren’t trained to do Explore how LLMs generate text, why they sometimes hallucinate information, and the ethical implications surrounding their incredible capabilities. Jeimy Ruiz · October 27, 2023 A developer’s guide to open source LLMs and generative AI Open source generative AI projects are a great way to build new AI-powered features and apps. Gwen Davis · October 5, 2023 The world's largest developer platform Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs GitHub Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything. Start building Customer stories Meet the companies and engineering teams that build with GitHub. 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https://dev.to/johnstonlogan/react-hooks-barney-style-1hk7#setstate-vs-usestate-objects	useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Logan Johnston Posted on Sep 1, 2020 • Edited on Sep 9, 2020           useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays # react # hook # codenewbie # beginners The purpose of this article is to break down the use of the useState() React hook in an easy way using strings, objects, and arrays. We will also take a look at how these would be handled in class components. Disclaimer - I would normally create an onChange function separately but I find it easier to understand with an inline function. What is the setState function? The setState function is used to handle the state object in a React class component. This is something you will see a lot of in the examples below. Anytime you see a this.setState() this is how we are setting the state in a class component. What is a hook in React? React hooks were introduced in React v16.8. They allow you to use state and other React features without the need to create a class. Examples: Class component Functional component While these two code snippets look similar they do have slight differences in syntax, lifecycle methods, and state management. setState() vs useState() - Strings. setState() Class Component Using state in a class component requires the building of a state object. This state object is then modified by calling this.setState("new state"). In this example, we've created a state = { value: '' } object which has a value key and that key is initialized as an empty string. We've assigned an onChange event to the input so that every time we add or remove a character to the input we are calling the this.setState() . Here we areupdating the state using the value of the input ( e.target.value ) and setting it to the components state. useState() Functional Component With a functional component, we can use React hooks, specifically the useState() hook. This simplifies the creation of a state component and the function that updates it. We import {useState} from React and we are able to simply create a state and a function to set that state (state: value , setState: setValue ). The initial state of this component is set when calling useState , in this example, we are setting it to an empty string ( useState("") ). The only difference between the functional component and the class component at this point is instead of calling this.setState we use the function we created in the useState , in this case, setValue . setState() vs useState() - Objects. setState() Class Component Since state in a class component is already an object, it's business as usual. Use setState to populate the values of the state object. With the example above the users userName and email is stored in the state similar to the string version we talked about above. useState() Functional Component When we want to use the useState hook for an object we are going to initialize it to an empty object useState({}) . In this example, we are using the same setValue that we did in the string example but we've added a few things to our setValue function. First, we use the spread syntax to expand the current value before we add a new key-value pair. Second, we dynamically set the key using [e.target.name] , in this case, we are creating the key using the input's "name" attribute. Lastly, we are setting that key's value to the e.target.value . So after using the inputs we have an object with two keys {userName: "", email: ""} and their values. Creating an object could also be accomplished using multiple useState hooks and then bundling them into an object later if needed. See the example below. Note: I have my own preference for how to deal with objects while using hooks, and as you get more familiar you may find you enjoy either the class or functional component more than the other. setState() vs useState() - Arrays. Using arrays in stateful components can be extremely powerful, especially when creating things like a todo list. In these examples, we will be creating a very simple todo list. setState() Class Component When using an array in a stateful class component we need at least two keys in our state object. One would be the array itself todoArr: [] and the other would be the value that we are going to be pushing into the array todo: "" . In this example, we use the onChange attribute for our input to set the todo in our state object. We then have our Add Item button which when clicked will call our addItem function. In the addItem function we are going to create a list variable which is is an array that spreads the current todoArr and then adds the new todo item to the end of it. After creating the list array we use the setState function to replace the current todoArr with the new one and then set the todo back to an empty string to clear the input. Lastly at the bottom, we map through the current todoArr . The setState function will cause the component to rerender so every time you add an item it is immediately rendered onto the page. useState() Functional Component Dealing with the hooks in a function component seems extremely similar to the class component. We use the setTodo function to set our todo value in the onChange attribute of our input. We then have the same addItem function attached to the click of our Add Item button. The only difference we see here is that we don't create a list variable to pass into the hook. We could have avoided this in the class component but I think the readability when using the variable is much better. With the hook, I don't think the use of creating the list array beforehand is needed. We can spread the current array, add the new item, and then set the current todo back to an empty string so we can clear the input. Conclusion While using functional components with hooks is the new hotness, the state management is still very similar to the class components. If you're looking to start using function components with hooks over class components hopefully this post has helped you understand a little bit more about how to implement them. Top comments (2) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   forthebest forthebest forthebest Follow Joined Dec 26, 2020 • Feb 11 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide thanks Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   kevhines kevhines kevhines Follow A programmer first, then ran a comedy school for the UCB theater, now a programmer again. Location Maplewood, NJ Joined Jan 15, 2021 • Jan 18 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide very clear! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Logan Johnston Follow Full Stack Developer - React - Nodejs - Postgresql \| USN Veteran \| Web Design and Development Student Location San Diego, CA Joined Jun 29, 2020 Trending on DEV Community Hot How to Crack Any Software Developer Interview in 2026 (Updated for AI & Modern Hiring) # softwareengineering # programming # career # interview The First Week at a Startup Taught Me More Than I Expected # startup # beginners # career # learning From CDN to Pixel: A React App's Journey # react # programming # webdev # performance 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/how-ai-code-generation-works/	How AI code generation works - The GitHub Blog Skip to content Skip to sidebar / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. 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Jeimy Ruiz · @ruizjeimy February 22, 2024 \| Updated May 14, 2024 \| 12 minutes Share: Generative AI coding tools are changing software production for enterprises. Not just for their code generation abilities—from vulnerability detection and facilitating comprehension of unfamiliar codebases, to streamlining documentation and pull request descriptions, they’re fundamentally reshaping how developers approach application infrastructure, deployment, and their own work experience. We’re now witnessing a significant turning point. As AI models get better, refusing adoption would be like “asking an office worker to use a typewriter instead of a computer,” says Albert Ziegler , principal researcher and member of the GitHub Next research and development team. In this post, we’ll dive into the inner workings of AI code generation, exploring how it functions, its capabilities and benefits, and how developers can use it to enhance their development experience while propelling your enterprise forward in today’s competitive landscape. How to use AI to generate code AI code generation refers to full or partial lines of code that are generated by machines instead of human developers. This emerging technology leverages advanced machine learning models, particularly large language models (LLMs), to understand and replicate the syntax, patterns, and paradigms found in human-generated code. The AI models powering these tools, like ChatGPT and GitHub Copilot, are trained on natural language text and source code from publicly available sources that include a diverse range of code examples. This training enables them to understand the nuances of various programming languages, coding styles, and common practices. As a result, the AI can generate code suggestions that are syntactically correct and contextually relevant based on input from developers. Favored by 55% of developers , our AI-powered pair programmer, GitHub Copilot, provides contextualized coding assistance based on your organization’s codebase across dozens of programming languages, and targets developers of all experience levels. With GitHub Copilot, developers can use AI to generate code in three ways: 1. Type code and AI can autocomplete the code Autocompletions are the earliest version of AI code generation. John Berryman , a senior researcher of ML on the GitHub Copilot team, explains the user experience: “I’ll be writing code and taking a pause to think. While I’m doing that, the agent itself is also thinking, looking at surrounding code and content in neighboring tabs. Then it pops up on the screen as gray ‘ghost text’ that I can reject, partially accept, or fully accept and then, if necessary, modify.” While every developer can reap the benefits of using AI coding tools, experienced programmers can often feel these gains even more so. “In many cases, especially for experienced programmers in a familiar environment, this suggestion speeds us up. I would have written the same thing. It’s just faster to hit ‘tab’ (thus accepting the suggestion) than it is to write out those 20 characters by myself,” says Johan Rosenkilde , principal researcher for GitHub Next. Whether developers are new or highly skilled, they’ll often have to work in less familiar languages, and code completion suggestions using GitHub Copilot can lend a helping hand. “Using GitHub Copilot for code completion has really helped speed up my learning experience,” says Berryman. “I will often accept the suggestion because it’s something I wouldn’t have written on my own since I don’t know the syntax.” Using an AI coding tool has become an invaluable skill in itself. Why? Because the more developers practice coding with these tools, the faster they’ll get at using them. 2. Explicit code comments codes using natural language to receive even better AI-generated code suggestions For experienced developers in unfamiliar environments, tools like GitHub Copilot can even help jog their memories. Let’s say a developer imports a new type of library they haven’t used before, or that they don’t remember. Maybe they’re looking to figure out the standard library function or the order of the argument. In these cases, it can be helpful to make GitHub Copilot more explicitly aware of where the developer wants to go by writing a comment. “It’s quite likely that the developer might not remember the formula, but they can recognize the formula, and GitHub Copilot can remember it by being prompted,” says Rosenkilde. This is where natural language commentary comes into play: it can be a shortcut for explaining intent when the developer is struggling with the first few characters of code that they need. If developers give specific names to their functions and variables, and write documentation, they can get better suggestions, too. That’s because GitHub Copilot can read the variable names and use them as an indicator for what that function should do. Suddenly that changes how developers write code for the better, because code with good variable and function names are more maintainable. And oftentimes the main job of a programmer is to maintain code, not write it from scratch. “When you push that code, someone is going to review it, and they will likely have a better time reviewing that code if it’s well named, if there’s even a hint of documentation in it, and so on,” says Rosenkilde. In this sense, the symbiotic relationship between the developer and the AI coding tool is not just beneficial for the developer, but for the entire team. 3. Chat directly with AI With AI chatbots, code generation can be more interactive. GitHub Copilot Chat , for example, allows developers to interact with code by asking it to explain code, improve syntax, provide ideas, generate tests, and modify existing code—making it a versatile ally in managing coding tasks. Rosenkilde uses the different functionalities of GitHub Copilot: “When I want to do something and I can’t remember how to do it, I type the first few letters of it, and then I wait to see if Copilot can guess what I’m doing,” he says. “If that doesn’t work, maybe I delete those characters and I write a one liner in commentary and see whether Copilot can guess the next line. If that doesn’t work, then I go to Copilot Chat and explain in more detail what I want done.” Typically, Copilot Chat returns with something much more verbose and complete than what you get from GitHub Copilot code completion. “Namely, it describes back to you what it is you want done and how it can be accomplished. It gives you code examples, and you can respond and say, oh, I see where you’re going. But actually I meant it like this instead,” says Rosenkilde. But using AI chatbots doesn’t mean developers should be hands off. Mistakes in reasoning could lead the AI down a path of further mistakes if left unchecked. Berryman recommends that users should interact with the chat assistant in much the same way that you would when pair programming with a human. “Go back and forth with it. Tell the assistant about the task you are working on, ask it for ideas, have it help you write code, and critique and redirect the assistant’s work in order to keep it on the right track.” The importance of code reviews GitHub Copilot is designed to empower developers to execute their ideas. As long as there is some context for it to draw on, it will likely generate the type of code the developer wants. But this doesn’t replace code reviews between developers. Code reviews play an important role in maintaining code quality and reliability in software projects, regardless of whether AI coding tools are involved. In fact, the earlier developers can spot bugs in the code development process, the cheaper it is by orders of magnitude. Ordinary verification would be: does the code parse? Do the tests work? With AI code generation, Ziegler explains that developers should, “Scrutinize it in enough detail so that you can be sure the generated code is correct and bug-free. Because if you use tools like that in the wrong way and just accept everything, then the bugs that you introduce are going to cost you more time than you save.” Rosenkilde adds, “A review with another human being is not the same as that, right? It’s a conversation between two developers about whether this change fits into the kind of software they’re building in this organization. GitHub Copilot doesn’t replace that.” The advantages of using AI to generate code When developer teams use AI coding tools across the software development cycle, they experience a host of benefits, including: Faster development, more productivity AI code generation can significantly speed up the development process by automating repetitive and time-consuming tasks. This means that developers can focus on high-level architecture and problem-solving. In fact, 88% of developers reported feeling more productive when using GitHub Copilot. Rosenkilde reflects on his own experience with GitHub’s AI pair programmer: “95% of the time, Copilot brings me joy and makes my day a little bit easier. And this doesn’t change the code I would have written. It doesn’t change the way I would have written it. It doesn’t change the design of my code. All it does is it makes me faster at writing that same code.” And Rosenkilde isn’t alone: 60% of developers feel more fulfilled with their jobs when using GitHub Copilot. Mental load alleviated The benefits of faster development aren’t just about speed: they’re also about alleviating the mental effort that comes with completing tedious tasks. For example, when it comes to debugging, developers have to reverse engineer what went wrong. Detecting a bug can involve digging through an endless list of potential hiding places where it might be lurking, making it repetitive and tedious work. Rosenkilde explains, “Sometimes when you’re debugging, you just have to resort to creating print statements that you can’t get around. Thankfully, Copilot is brilliant at print statements.” A whopping 87% of developers reported spending less mental effort on repetitive tasks with the help of GitHub Copilot. Less context switching In software development, context switching is when developers move between different tasks, projects, or environments, which can disrupt their workflow and decrease productivity. They also often deal with the stress of juggling multiple tasks, remembering syntax details, and managing complex code structures. With GitHub Copilot developers can bypass several levels of context switching, staying in their IDE instead of searching on Google or jumping into external documentation. “When I’m writing natural language commentary,” says Rosenkilde, “GitHub Copilot code completion can help me. Or if I use Copilot Chat, it’s a conversation in the context that I’m in, and I don’t have to explain quite as much.” Generating code with AI helps developers offload the responsibility of recalling every detail, allowing them to focus on higher-level thinking, problem-solving, and strategic planning. Berryman adds, “With GitHub Copilot Chat, I don’t have to restate the problem because the code never leaves my trusted environment. And I get an answer immediately. If there is a misunderstanding or follow-up questions, they are easy to communicate with.” What to look for in enterprise-ready AI code generation tools Before you implement any AI into your workflow, you should always review and test tools thoroughly to make sure they’re a good fit for your organization. Here are a few considerations to keep in mind. Compliance Regulatory compliance . Does the tool comply with relevant regulations in your industry? Compliance certifications . Are there attestations that demonstrate the tool’s compliance with regulations? Security Encryption . Is the data transmission and storage encrypted to protect sensitive information? Access controls . Are you able to implement strong authentication measures and access controls to prevent unauthorized access? Compliance with security standards . Is the tool compliant with industry standards? Security audits . Does the tool undergo regular security audits and updates to address vulnerabilities? Privacy Data handling . Are there clear policies for handling user data and does it adhere to privacy regulations like GDPR, CCPA, etc.? Data anonymization . Does the tool support anonymization techniques to protect user privacy? Permissioning Role-based access control . Are you able to manage permissions based on user roles and responsibilities? Granular permissions . Can you control access to different features and functionalities within the tool? Opt-in/Opt-out mechanisms . Can users control the use of their data and opt out if needed? Pricing Understand the pricing model . is it based on usage, number of users, features, or other metrics? Look for transparency . Is the pricing structure clear with no hidden costs? Scalability . Does the pricing scale with your usage and business growth? Additionally, consider factors such as customer support, ease of integration with existing systems, performance, and user experience when evaluating AI coding tools. Lastly, it’s important to thoroughly assess how well the tool aligns with your organization’s specific requirements and priorities in each of these areas. Visit the GitHub Copilot Trust Center to learn more around security, privacy, and other topics. Can AI code generation be detected? The short answer here is: maybe. Let’s first give some context to the question. It’s never really the case that a whole code base is generated with AI, because large chunks of AI-generated code are very likely to be wrong. The standard code review process is a good way to avoid this, since large swaths of completely auto-generated code would stand out to a human developer as simply not working. For smaller amounts of AI-generated code, there is no way at the moment to detect traces of AI in code with true confidence. There are offerings that purport to classify whether content has AI-generated text , but there are limited equivalents for code, since you’d need a dedicated model to do it. Ziegler explains, “Computer generated code is good enough that it doesn’t leave any particular traces and normally has no clear tells.” At GitHub, the Copilot team makes use of a duplicate detection filter that detects exact duplicates in code. So, if you’re writing code and it’s an exact copy of something that exists elsewhere, then it’ll flag it. Is AI code generation secure? AI code generation is not any more insecure than human generated code. A combination of testing, manual code reviews, scanning, monitoring, and feedback loops can produce the same quality of code as your human-generated code. When it comes to code generated by GitHub Copilot, developers can use tools like code scanning , which actively reviews your code for potential security issues in real-time and seamlessly integrates the findings into the developer workflow. Ultimately, AI code generation will have vulnerabilities—but so does code written by human developers. As Ziegler explains, “It’s unclear whether computer generated code does particularly worse. So, the answer is not if you have GitHub Copilot, use a vulnerability checker. The answer is always use a vulnerability checker.” Watch this video for more tips and words of advice around secure coding best practices with AI. Empower your enterprise with AI code generation While the benefits to using AI code generation tools can be significant, it’s important to note that human oversight remains crucial to ensure that the generated code aligns with project goals, coding standards, and business needs. Tech leaders should embrace the use of AI code generation—not only to streamline development, but also to empower developer teams to collaborate, drive meaningful business outcomes, and deliver exceptional value to customers. Learn more or get started with the world’s most widely adopted AI developer tool. Want to learn how GitHub can help your organization do more with AI? At GitHub Galaxy 2024 , we’ll explore cutting-edge research and best practices in the rapidly evolving world of AI—empowering your business to maximize productivity and innovate at scale. Register now > Tags: AI AI Insights artificial intelligence GitHub Copilot Written by Jeimy Ruiz @ruizjeimy AI AI Insights artificial intelligence GitHub Copilot Table of Contents How to use AI to generate code The importance of code reviews The advantages of using AI to generate code What to look for in enterprise-ready AI code generation tools Can AI code generation be detected? Is AI code generation secure? Empower your enterprise with AI code generation More on AI Agentic AI, MCP, and spec-driven development: Top blog posts of 2025 Explore the GitHub Blog’s top posts covering the biggest software development topics of the year. Natalie Guevara The new identity of a developer: What changes and what doesn’t in the AI era Discover how advanced AI users are redefining software development—shifting from code producers to strategic orchestrators—through delegation, verification, and a new era of AI-fluent engineering. Eirini Kalliamvakou Related posts AI & ML Want better AI outputs? Try context engineering. Learn how custom instructions, reusable prompts, and custom agents help GitHub Copilot deliver more accurate results. Christina Warren AI & ML Why AI is pushing developers toward typed languages AI is settling the “typed vs. untyped” debate by turning type systems into the safety net for code you didn’t write yourself. 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https://www.linkedin.com	LinkedIn: Log In or Sign Up Skip to main content Agree & Join LinkedIn By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . LinkedIn Top Content People Learning Jobs Games Access account Join now for free Welcome to your professional community Sign in with email By clicking Continue to join or sign in, you agree to LinkedIn’s User Agreement , Privacy Policy , and Cookie Policy . New to LinkedIn? Join now Explore top LinkedIn content Discover relevant posts and expert insights — curated by topic and in one place. 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https://github.blog/enterprise-software/	The latest on enterprise software - The GitHub Blog Skip to content / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. 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Learn more Developer skills Back Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Back Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights Back News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Back Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. Social impact How open source is driving positive change. Gaming Explore open source games on GitHub. An introduction to innersource Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software. Learn more Security Back Security Stay up to date on everything security. Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / Enterprise software Enterprise software Resources to help developers build the knowledge and skills needed to build robust, scalable, and secure enterprise applications. Explore a range of topics essential for enterprise software development, including continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD), effective collaboration tips, and the principles of DevOps and DevSecOps. Featured Level up design-to-code collaboration with GitHub’s open source Annotation Toolkit Prevent accessibility issues before they reach production. The Annotation Toolkit brings clarity, compliance, and collaboration directly into your Figma workflow. Andrea Griffiths · November 18, 2025 How to use the GitHub and JFrog integration for secure, traceable builds from commit to production Connect commits to artifacts without switching tools. April Yoho · September 9, 2025 How to streamline GitHub API calls in Azure Pipelines Build a custom Azure DevOps extension that eliminates the complexity of JWT generation and token management, enabling powerful automation and enhanced security controls. Tiago Pascoal · July 24, 2025 When to choose GitHub-Hosted runners or self-hosted runners with GitHub Actions Comparing GitHub-hosted vs self-hosted runners for your CI/CD workflows? This deep dive explores important factors to consider when making this critical infrastructure decision for your development team. kenmuse · April 15, 2025 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest Enhance build security and reach SLSA Level 3 with GitHub Artifact Attestations Learn how GitHub Artifact Attestations can enhance your build security and help your organization achieve SLSA Level 3. This post breaks down the basics of SLSA, explains the importance of artifact attestations, and provides a step-by-step guide to securing your build process. Kristina Heidinger · December 19, 2024 Streamlining your MLOps pipeline with GitHub Actions and Arm64 runners Explore how Arm’s optimized performance and cost-efficient architecture, coupled with PyTorch, can enhance machine learning operations, from model training to deployment and learn how to leverage CI/CD for machine learning workflows, while reducing time, cost, and errors in the process. Scott Arbeit · September 11, 2024 GitHub Enterprise: The best migration path from AWS CodeCommit AWS CodeCommit is discontinuing new customer access and will no longer introduce new features. Learn how to migrate to GitHub Enterprise and why it’s the best option for you. Melody Mileski & Jun Pak · August 27, 2024 GitHub Actions, Arm64, and the future of automotive software development Learn how GitHub’s Enterprise Cloud, GitHub Actions, and Arm’s latest Automotive Enhanced processors, work together to usher in a new era of efficient, scalable, and flexible automotive software creation. Clay Nelson · April 26, 2024 The architecture of SAST tools: An explainer for developers More developers will have to fix security issues in the age of shifting left. Here, we break down how SAST tools can help them find and address vulnerabilities. Nicole Choi · February 12, 2024 Frenemies to friends: Developers and security tools When socializing a new security tool, it IS possible to build a bottom-up security culture where engineering has a seat at the table. Let’s explore some effective strategies witnessed by the GitHub technical sales team to make this shift successful. Shelby Gluck · January 8, 2024 5 ways to make your DevSecOps strategy developer-friendly Developers care about security, but poorly integrated tools and other factors can cause frustration. Here are five best practices to reduce friction. Nick Liffen · January 5, 2024 Enforcing code reliability by requiring workflows with GitHub repository rules GitHub Enterprise Cloud customers can now ensure controlled workflows run and pass before code is merged into any of its repositories. Tony Camp · October 11, 2023 Switching from Bitbucket Server and Bamboo to GitHub just got easier Starting today, GitHub Enterprise Importer supports repository migrations from Bitbucket Server and Bitbucket Data Center, and GitHub Actions Importer offers CI/CD migrations from Bitbucket and Bamboo. Melody Mileski & Tim Rogers · September 18, 2023 A checklist and guide to get your repository collaboration-ready In the world of software development, collaboration can make the difference between a brittle last-minute release and a reliable, maintainable, pain-free project. Whether you’ve been coding for a day or a decade, your colleagues are there to help strengthen your work. But they can only help if you’ve given them the tools to do so. Jon Peck · August 4, 2023 Best practices for organizations and teams using GitHub Enterprise Cloud Learn how you can structure your enterprise to get the most value out of GitHub and provide the best experience for your developers! David Losert & Elizabeth Barrord · August 2, 2023 Moving from a product to a service mindset Thanks to DevOps, cloud computing and other industry trends, many organizations are shifting from a product mindset to a service mindset. Here’s how you can implement a service-led strategy. Chris Reddington · July 13, 2023 Demonstrating end-to-end traceability with pull requests Reduce developer and auditor friction involved in demonstrating compliance and maintaining end-to-end traceability by focusing your efforts around the pull request. Philip Holleran · July 11, 2023 Leading your platform migration with developer experience Developer experience (DevEx) is a key theme when it comes to transforming businesses with GitHub. Samuel Abdelsayed · July 3, 2023 Cloud migration made easy: introducing GitHub Enterprise Importer With GitHub Enterprise Importer, you can seamlessly move to GitHub Enterprise Cloud, bringing your code and collaboration history with you so your team doesn’t miss a beat. Tim Rogers & Melody Mileski · June 12, 2023 Posts pagination Page 1 Page 2 … Page 7 Next The world's largest developer platform Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs GitHub Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything. Start building Customer stories Meet the companies and engineering teams that build with GitHub. Learn more The GitHub Podcast Catch up on the GitHub podcast, a show dedicated to the topics, trends, stories and culture in and around the open source developer community on GitHub. Listen now Site-wide Links Product Features Security Enterprise Customer Stories Pricing Resources Platform Developer API Partners Atom Electron GitHub Desktop Support Docs Community Forum Training Status Contact Company About Blog Careers Press Shop © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Terms Privacy Manage Cookies Do not share my personal information LinkedIn icon GitHub on LinkedIn Instagram icon GitHub on Instagram YouTube icon GitHub on YouTube X icon GitHub on X TikTok icon GitHub on TikTok Twitch icon GitHub on Twitch GitHub icon GitHub’s organization on GitHub	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/basics/starting-with-an-unversioned-project	Starting with an Unversioned Project \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Starting with an Unversioned Project If you have an existing project that is not yet under Git version control, you can easily add it to Git. This chapter explains how to do that. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Starting with an Unversioned Project Let's start with an existing project that is not yet under version control. Activate Tower's Repositories view by clicking on the corresponding button right below the toolbar. Now, click the "Create" button on the right and select your project's root folder . When you confirm the "Create" dialog, Git will create a hidden ".git" directory in that folder (which you'll only see if you've explicitly configured your file browser to show hidden files - which isn't necessary for this course). This little ".git" folder is our new, empty Git repository. Please mind the word "empty": Git did not add the current files of your working copy as something like an "initial version". The repository contains not a single version of your project, yet. Glossary Working Copy The root folder of your project is often called the "working copy" (or "working directory"). It's the directory on your local computer that contains your project's files. You can always ask the version control system to populate your working copy with any version of your project. But you always only have one working copy with one specific version on your disk - not multiple in parallel. You'll see that our new repository was added in Tower's sidebar. Open the repository for working by double-clicking it. Ignoring Files Typically, in every project and on every platform, there are a couple of files that you don't want to be version controlled: e.g., those pesky ".DS_Store" files on Mac OS aren't worth versioning. In other projects, you might have build or cache files that make no sense in a version control system. You'll have to decide yourself which files you don't want to include. Note Which Files Should I Ignore? As a simple rule of thumb you'll most likely want to ignore files that were created automatically (as a "by-product"): temporary files, logs, cache files... Other examples for excluded files range from compiled sources to files that contain passwords or personal configurations. A helpful compilation of ignore rules for different projects and platforms can be found here: github.com/github/gitignore The list of files to ignore is kept in a simple file called ".gitignore" in the root folder of your project. It's highly recommended to define this list at the very beginning of your project - before making your first commit. Because once files are committed, you'll have to jump through some hoops to get them out of version control, again. Now, let's get going: activate the Settings view in Tower's sidebar. Select the "Ignores" tab on the top right and click "Open in Editor" to have the .gitignore file created and opened for you. On a Mac, for example, you'll want to make sure it contains at least the following line: .DS_Store If there are other files you want to ignore, simply add a line for each one. Defining these rules can get quite complex. Therefore, to keep things simple, I'll list the most useful patterns which you can easily adapt to your own needs: Ignore one specific file : Provide the full path to the file, seen from the root folder of your project. path/to/file.ext Ignore all files with a certain name (anywhere in the project): Just write down the file's name, without giving a path. filename.ext Ignore all files of a certain type (anywhere in the project): .ext Ignore all files in a certain folder : path/to/folder/ Making Your First Commit With some ignore rules in place, it's time to make our initial commit for this project. We'll go into great detail about the whole process of committing a little later in this book. For now, simply follow these steps: Activate the "Working Copy" view in the sidebar. Click the "Stage All" button. Enter a short commit message (like "Initial commit") as a "Commit Subject". Click the "Commit" button to confirm. 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https://github.blog/developer-skills/github-education/	The latest from GitHub Education - The GitHub Blog Skip to content / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. 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Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Search Categories AI & ML Back AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Back Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Back Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights Back News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Back Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. Social impact How open source is driving positive change. Gaming Explore open source games on GitHub. An introduction to innersource Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software. Learn more Security Back Security Stay up to date on everything security. Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / Developer skills / GitHub Education GitHub Education Stay ahead in your educational journey with insights into the latest tools and features available through GitHub Education. Discover opportunities to participate in GitHub Campus programs and connect with a global community of learners and mentors. You can also learn more about our GitHub Education program . Featured GitHub for Beginners: How to get LLMs to do what you want Learn how to write effective prompts and troubleshoot results in this installment of our GitHub for Beginners series. Kedasha Kerr · March 31, 2025 GitHub for Beginners: How to get started with GitHub Copilot Get started with GitHub Copilot and navigate features like Copilot Chat in this installment of the GitHub for Beginners series. Kedasha Kerr · March 3, 2025 Supporting the next generation of developers Here’s your opportunity to empower the teen in your life to get a start in open source development. Morgan Ersery · January 17, 2025 Building LATAM’s future tech workforce with AI Git Commit 2024 and our new AI course in Spanish Karen Bella · January 7, 2025 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest Beginner’s guide to GitHub: Merging a pull request As part of the GitHub for Beginners guide, learn how to merge pull requests. This will enable you to resolve conflicts when they arise. Kedasha Kerr · August 26, 2024 Calling all teachers! Learn how to build new commands on the GitHub Classroom CLI In this step-by-step tutorial, we’ll dive into how you can become the next open source contributor to the GitHub Classroom CLI, building commands that you can use to improve your workflow as an educator! Zenara Daley · September 25, 2023 Building a more inclusive GitHub Global Campus Every student and teacher deserves the same access to GitHub Education offerings. We’ve enlisted GitHub’s Accessibility team to help identify areas for improving inclusivity. Arelia Jones · May 5, 2023 Working on a creative project? Unleash your originality and start to tinker with the Aspiring Creatives Experience Develop your design and collaboration skills to get your clever intentions off the ground. Ashley Bass · October 5, 2022 Meet the GitHub Campus Experts selected for the fall 2022 MLH Fellowship Cohort, powered by GitHub Three new Campus Experts are joining the fall 2022 batch of the MLH Fellowship to work with open source maintainers and get real-world experience. Ashley Bass & Juan Pablo Flores Cortés · September 23, 2022 Gear-up and unlock the newest GitHub Global Campus features Calling all students and teachers! With semester change coming soon, now is the time to start using the latest features within GitHub Education and Global Campus! Matthew Dyson & Divya Vaishnavi · September 12, 2022 Streamline virtual hackathon events with the new Hackathon in the Cloud Experience Attention all students! Make managing your virtual hackathon events even easier with the new Hackathon in the Cloud Experience. Ashley Bass · August 2, 2022 Start your open source journey with Community Exchange Are you a student who is new to open source or just starting your maintainer journey? GitHub Global Campus’ Community Exchange can help you make that first contribution or grow your open source project. Matthew Dyson & Eric Rosado · June 8, 2022 Announcing the 2022 MLH Fellowship Cohort, powered by GitHub The MLH Fellowship, powered by GitHub, is a 12-week internship alternative for aspiring software engineers. Meet the 2022 cohort! Ashley Bass · February 15, 2022 Get ready for Campus TV Season 2: 🌱 New Beginnings Learn new skills, build projects and meet like-minded students with the latest shows from the GitHub Education Stream Team. Juan Pablo Flores Cortés · January 26, 2022 GitHub Externships: enabling India’s next generation of developers Are you a student in India? Applications are open for the GitHub Externships Winter Cohort! Maneesh Sharma · November 30, 2021 Student developer resources you won’t find in the classroom Heading back to school? Did you just graduate? The GitHub Education Stream Team (GEST) is sharing resources, tools, and more to help emerging developers land a job. Juan Pablo Flores Cortés · October 14, 2021 Seamless teaching and learning through GitHub Classroom and Visual Studio Code This GitHub Classroom extension for Visual Studio Code provides a simplified introduction to Git, GitHub Classroom, and Visual Studio Code. Katherine Kampf · August 12, 2021 Student leaders are taking GitHub Campus TV to the next level The GitHub Education Stream Team is adding new shows. Job-hunting graduate? New to coding? No matter where you are, there’s a show for you. Elise Hollowed · July 15, 2021 Run online campus events with your favorite tools at no cost with the new GitHub Virtual Event Kit We’re excited to announce the newest addition to the Student Developer Pack, the GitHub Virtual Event Kit! Access the best virtual event tools in one place at no cost. 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https://dev.to/johnstonlogan	Logan Johnston - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Logan Johnston Full Stack Developer - React - Nodejs - Postgresql \| USN Veteran \| Web Design and Development Student Location San Diego, CA Joined Joined on Jun 29, 2020 Personal website https://loganjohnston.me github website twitter website More info about @johnstonlogan Badges Five Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least five years. Got it Close Four Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least four years. Got it Close Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close Three Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least three years. Got it Close Two Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least two years. Got it Close One Year Club This badge celebrates the longevity of those who have been a registered member of the DEV Community for at least one year. Got it Close Post 1 post published Comment 0 comments written Tag 15 tags followed useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays Logan Johnston Logan Johnston Logan Johnston Follow Sep 1 '20 useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays # react # hook # codenewbie # beginners 49 reactions Comments 2 comments 5 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://github.blog/developer-skills/application-development/	The latest on application development - The GitHub Blog Skip to content / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. Social impact How open source is driving positive change. Gaming Explore open source games on GitHub. An introduction to innersource Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software. Learn more Security Security Stay up to date on everything security. Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Search Categories AI & ML Back AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Back Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Back Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights Back News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Back Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. Social impact How open source is driving positive change. Gaming Explore open source games on GitHub. An introduction to innersource Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software. Learn more Security Back Security Stay up to date on everything security. Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / Developer skills / Application development Application development Application development encompasses the processes, methodologies, and technologies used to create software applications. Whether you’re building a mobile app, a web app, or a desktop application, we have insights and tutorials designed to help you wherever you are in your journey. Featured GitHub Issues search now supports nested queries and boolean operators: Here’s how we (re)built it Plus, considerations in updating one of GitHub’s oldest and most heavily used features. Deborah Digges · May 13, 2025 How GitHub engineers learn new codebases Strategies to quickly get up to speed, whether you’re a seasoned engineer or a newcomer to the field. Brittany Ellich · March 13, 2025 How we built the GitHub Skyline CLI extension using GitHub GitHub uses GitHub to build GitHub, and our CLI extensions are no exception. Read on to find out how we built the GitHub Skyline CLI extension using GitHub! Chris Reddington · January 15, 2025 Insider newsletter digest: Cook up a controller with GitHub Copilot Whether you’re coding up a storm or cooking up code, building a controller function with AI is your secret sauce to a flavorful app. Sara Verdi · February 22, 2024 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest Build code security skills with the GitHub Secure Code Game Learn to find and fix security issues while having fun with Secure Code Game, now with new challenges focusing on JavaScript, Python, Go, and GitHub Actions! Joseph Katsioloudes · February 15, 2024 Insider newsletter digest: Build from anywhere Explore the August 2023 edition, featuring easy tips and tricks for GitHub Mobile. Sara Verdi · January 18, 2024 Getting started with edge computing Edge computing practitioners answer your questions about when and why to build applications at the edge. Klint Finley · September 1, 2023 Implementing a robust digital identity How can you robustly assert and identify a user’s identity? Rahul Zhade · June 10, 2022 Adding support for cross-cluster associations to Rails 7 At GitHub, we recently added a new feature to Rails that will be available in 7.0: support for handling associations across database clusters. Eileen M. Uchitelle · July 12, 2021 Presenting CodeNaija: A hackathon hosted by Andela and GitHub’s Blacktocats CodeNaija is a GitHub-led Hackathon where we hosted over 100 software engineers for over 30 hours of learning and passionate discussions about technology. Toya East · December 16, 2019 Vulcanizer: a library for operating Elasticsearch Vulcanizer is a Go library for interacting with an Elasticsearch cluster. Its goal is to provide a high-level API to help with common tasks associated with operating an Elasticsearch cluster such as querying health status of the cluster, migrating data off of nodes, updating cluster settings, and more. GitHub Engineering · March 5, 2019 New theme chooser for GitHub Pages You can now build a GitHub Pages website with a Jekyll theme in just a few clicks. Create a new GitHub repository or go to an existing one. Open the… Jurgen Leschner · December 15, 2016 Publishing with GitHub Pages, now as easy as 1, 2, 3 Publishing a website or software documentation with GitHub Pages now requires far fewer steps — three to be exact: Create a repository (or navigate to an existing repository) Commit a Markdown… Ben Balter · December 9, 2016 Simpler GitHub Pages publishing We’re making it easier to publish a website with GitHub Pages. Now you can select a source in your repository settings and GitHub Pages will look for your content there.… Jurgen Leschner · August 17, 2016 Upgrading your Textile posts to Markdown A month ago, we announced that GitHub Pages had upgraded to Jekyll 3.0. Starting May 1st, 2016, GitHub Pages will no longer support Textile. If you are currently using Textile… Jurgen Leschner · March 1, 2016 Scientist: Measure Twice, Cut Once Today we’re releasing Scientist 1.0 to help you rewrite critical code with confidence. As codebases mature and requirements change, it is inevitable that you will need to replace or rewrite… Jesse Toth · February 3, 2016 Automating code deployment with GitHub and Azure There are many cloud services that support automated code deployment from GitHub. In this post, we’re going to be taking a look at connecting a GitHub repository to a Microsoft… Allen Smith · September 15, 2015 Announcing the GitHub Developer Program Whether you’re just getting started or have been building applications on the GitHub API for years, the GitHub Developer Program is all about making sure you have the right resources… Timothy Clem · March 6, 2014 The world's largest developer platform Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs GitHub Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything. Start building Customer stories Meet the companies and engineering teams that build with GitHub. Learn more The GitHub Podcast Catch up on the GitHub podcast, a show dedicated to the topics, trends, stories and culture in and around the open source developer community on GitHub. Listen now Site-wide Links Product Features Security Enterprise Customer Stories Pricing Resources Platform Developer API Partners Atom Electron GitHub Desktop Support Docs Community Forum Training Status Contact Company About Blog Careers Press Shop © 2026 GitHub, Inc. Terms Privacy Manage Cookies Do not share my personal information LinkedIn icon GitHub on LinkedIn Instagram icon GitHub on Instagram YouTube icon GitHub on YouTube X icon GitHub on X TikTok icon GitHub on TikTok Twitch icon GitHub on Twitch GitHub icon GitHub’s organization on GitHub	2026-01-13T08:48:32
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Apple Podcasts Overcast Overcast Pocket Casts Spotify RSS feed November 7, 2025 Revealing the unknown unknowns in your software Ryan welcomes Nic Benders to discuss the complexity and abstraction crisis in software development, the importance of going beyond observability into understandability, and demystifying AI's opacity for understanding and control. Phoebe Sajor 0 comment s The Stack Overflow Podcast observability AI data observability June 30, 2025 Reliability for unreliable LLMs Large language models are non-deterministic by design. Here's how you can inject a little bit of determinism into GenAI workflows. Ryan Donovan 0 comment s AI observability May 13, 2025 Is the enterprise (actually) ready for AI? Maryam Ashoori, Head of Product for watsonx.ai at IBM, joins Ryan and Eira to talk about the complexity of enterprise AI, the role of governance, the AI skill gap among developers, how AI coding tools impact developer productivity, what chain-of-thought reasoning entails, and what observability and monitoring look like for AI. Eira May 1 comment The Stack Overflow Podcast AI AI governance governance observability monitoring Productivity developer tools dev tools ai coding May 13, 2025 Next-level observability: live breakpoint debugging On this episode, Ryan chats with Henrik Rexed, Cloud Native Advocate at Dynatrace, about debugging cloud-based applications like you would a local app. Ryan Donovan 0 comment s Sponsored Partner Content The Stack Overflow Podcast observability debugging January 22, 2025 Why all developers should adopt a safety-critical mindset Is anyone designing software where failures don't have consequences? Austin Spiegel 9 comment s testing observability failover contributed October 14, 2024 What launching rockets taught this CTO about hardware observability Austin Spiegel, CTO and co-founder of Sift, tells Ben and Ryan about his journey from studying film to working at SpaceX to founding Sift. Eira May 0 comment s The Stack Overflow Podcast observability hardware spacex space travel Business Hub October 8, 2024 Rust is evolving from system-level language to UI and frontend development Ben and Ryan chat with Daniela Miao, cofounder and CTO of Momento, a real-time data platform, about real-time observability, the challenges of multi-tenancy in databases and caching, the use of WebAssembly in UI development, and the benefits of Rust. Eira May 1 comment The Stack Overflow Podcast rust observability November 15, 2023 Build vs. buy doesn't matter. Tool adoption does. Ben and Ryan talk to Rob Skillington, CTO and co-founder of Chronosphere. They talk about how build vs. buy is a false choice, lessons learned from building developer tooling at Uber, and why building developer tools needs more than technical skills. Ryan Donovan 1 comment Sponsored The Stack Overflow Podcast partnercontent observability Open Source developer tools April 21, 2023 When setting up monitoring, less data is better (Ep. 563) Computer scientist Jean Yang, founder and CEO of monitoring and observability platform Akita, tells the home team how her drive to improve developer tooling led her from academia to Silicon Valley. Eira May 1 comment dev tools developer tools monitoring observability The Stack Overflow Podcast the stack overflow podcast February 16, 2023 Monitoring debt builds up faster than software teams can pay it off Today, it’s easier than ever for a team to monitor software in production. But it's also easy to build up a lot of tech debt around monitoring. Jean Yang 2 comment s Code for a Living monitoring observability tech debt Business Hub contributed October 12, 2022 How observability-driven development creates elite performers Most organizations struggle to change their culture or find a formula for success in difficult-to-mature processes. They don't always understand their own systems. Colin Fallwell 0 comment s Code for a Living devops observability observability driven development Partner Content Partner Content partnercontent September 22, 2022 Five nines uptime without developer burnout (Ep. 488) The days of traditional application monitoring are fading. Applications today are no longer a single program, but a network of services connected by API and RPC endpoints across cloud containers that are created and removed as needed. Ben Popper 5 comment s cloud native observability partnercontent The Stack Overflow Podcast the stack overflow podcast July 18, 2022 How observability is redefining the roles of developers Your DevOps team might already be singing the praises of their observability platforms. But developers can benefit from them, too. Shai Almog 6 comment s Code for a Living observability contributed October 27, 2021 A murder mystery: who killed our user experience? On this sponsored episode of the Stack Overflow Podcast, we talk with Greg Leffler of Splunk about the keys to instrumenting an observable system and how the OpenTelemetry standard allows you to avoid vendor lock in. Ryan Donovan 1 comment observability opentelemetry Partner Content Partner Content splunk the stack overflow podcast The Stack Overflow Podcast September 8, 2021 Observability is key to the future of software (and your DevOps career) Observability platforms enable you to easily figure out what’s happening with every request and to identify the cause of issues fast. Learning the principles of observability and OpenTelemetry will set you apart from the crowd and provide you with a skill set that will be in increasing demand as more companies perform cloud migrations. Greg Leffler 2 comment s Code for a Living devops observability opentelemetry Partner Content Partner Content partnercontent splunk June 1, 2021 Podcast 343: Unpacking observability and OpenTelemetry with Spiros Xanthos of Splunk As our applications move from local hardware to a sprawling array of clouds and containers, figuring out how they behave and what's gone wrong is key. 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https://stripe.com/fr-ch/privacy	Chat avec le service des ventes de Stripe Datenschutzrichtlinie Stripe logo Juridique Stripe Privacy Policy & Privacy Center Politique de confidentialité Politique sur l'utilisation des cookies Cadre de protection des données Liste des prestataires de services Contrat de traitement des données Supplier Data Processing Agreement Centre de confidentialité de Stripe. Privacy Policy Last updated: January 16, 2025 This Privacy Policy includes important information about your personal data and we encourage you to read it carefully. Welcome We provide financial infrastructure for the internet. Individuals and businesses of all sizes use our technology and services to facilitate purchases, accept payments, send payouts, and manage online businesses. This Privacy Policy (“Policy”) describes the Personal Data that we collect, how we use and share it, and details on how you can reach us with privacy-related inquiries. The Policy also outlines your rights and choices as a data subject, including the right to object to certain uses of your Personal Data. Depending on the activity, Stripe assumes the role of a “data controller” and/or “data processor” (or “service provider”). For more details about our privacy practices, including our role, the specific Stripe entity responsible under this Policy, and our legal bases for processing your Personal Data, please visit our Privacy Center . Defined Terms In this Policy, “Stripe”, “we”, “our,” or “us” refers to the Stripe entity responsible for the collection, use, and handling of Personal Data as described in this document. Depending on your jurisdiction, the specific Stripe entity accountable for your Personal Data might vary. Learn More . “Personal Data” refers to any information associated with an identified or identifiable individual, which can include data that you provide to us, and that we collect about you during your interaction with our Services (such as device information, IP address, etc.). “Services” refers to the products, services, devices, and applications, that we provide under the Stripe Services Agreement (“Business Services”) or the Stripe Consumer Terms of Service (“End User Services”); websites (“Sites”) like Stripe.com and Link.com; and other Stripe applications and online services. We provide Business Services to entities (“Business Users”). We provide End User Services directly to individuals for their personal use. “Financial Partners” are financial institutions, banks, and other partners such as payment method acquirers, payout providers, and card networks that we partner with to provide the Services. Depending on the context, “you” might be an End Customer, End User, Representative, or Visitor: End Users. When you use an End User Service, such as saving a payment method with Link, for personal use we refer to you as an “End User.” End Customers. When you are not directly transacting with Stripe, but we receive your Personal Data to provide Services to a Business User, including when you make a purchase from a Business User on a Stripe Checkout page or receive payments from a Business User, we refer to you as an “End Customer.” Representatives. When you are acting on behalf of an existing or potential Business User—perhaps as a company founder, account administrator for a Business User, or a recipient of an employee credit card from a Business User via Stripe Issuing—we refer to you as a “Representative.” Visitors. When you interact with Stripe by visiting a Site without being logged into a Stripe account, or when your interaction with Stripe does not involve you being an End User, End Customer, or Representative, we refer to you as a “Visitor.” For example, you are a Visitor when you send a message to Stripe asking for more information about our Services. In this Policy, “Transaction Data” refers to data collected and used by Stripe to facilitate transactions you request. Some Transaction Data is Personal Data and may include: your name, email address, contact number, billing and shipping address, payment method information (like credit or debit card number, bank account details, or payment card image chosen by you), merchant and location details, amount and date of purchase, and in some instances, information about what was purchased. 1. Personal Data that we collect and how we use and share it 2. More ways we collect, use and share Personal Data 3. Legal bases for processing data 4. Your rights and choices 5. Security and retention 6. International data transfers 7. Updates and notifications 8. Jurisdiction-specific provisions 9. Contact us 10. US Consumer Privacy Notice 1. Personal Data we collect and how we use and share it Our collection and use of Personal Data differs based on whether you are an End User, End Customer, Representative, or Visitor, and the specific Service that you are using. For example, if you're a sole proprietor who wants to use our Business Services, we may collect your Personal Data to onboard your business; at the same time, you might also be an End Customer if you've bought goods from another Business User that is using our Services for payment processing. You could also be an End User if you used our End User Service, such as Link, for those transactions. 1.1 End Users We provide End User Services when we provide the Services directly to you for your personal use (e.g., Link). Additional details regarding our collection, usage, and sharing of End User Personal Data, including the legal bases we rely on for processing such data, can be found in our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about End Users Using Link or Connecting your bank account . Stripe offers a service called "Link," which allows you to create an account and store information for future interactions with Stripe’s Services and Business Users. You may save a number of different kinds of Personal Data using Link. For instance, you may save your name, payment method details, contact information, and address to conveniently use saved information to pay for transactions across our Business Users. When you choose to pay with Link, we will also collect Transaction Data associated with your transactions. Learn More . You can also share and save bank account details to your Link account using Stripe’s Financial Connections product. When you use Financial Connections, Stripe will periodically collect and process your account information (such as bank account owner information, account balances, account number and details, account transactions, and, in some cases, log-in credentials). You can ask us to cease the collection of such data at any time. Learn More . Finally, you can use Link to store your identity documents (such as your driver’s license) so that you can share them in future interactions with Stripe or its Business Users. Paying Stripe . When you purchase goods or services directly from Stripe, we receive your Transaction Data. For instance, when you make a payment to Stripe Climate, we collect information about the transaction, as well as your contact and payment method details. Identity/Verification Services . We offer an identity verification service that automates the comparison of your identity document (such as a driver’s license) with your image (such as a selfie). You can separately consent to us using your biometric data to enhance our verification technology, with the option to revoke your consent at any time. Learn More . More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about End Users, including about your online activity and your engagement with our End User Services, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of End Users Services . We use and share your Personal Data to provide the End User Services to you, which includes support, personalization (such as language preferences and setting choices), and communication about our End User Services (such as communicating Policy updates and information about our Services). For example, Stripe may use cookies and similar technologies or the data you provide to our Business Users (such as when you input your email address on a Business User’s website) to recognize you and help you use Link when visiting our Business User’s website. Learn more about how we use cookies and similar technologies in Stripe’s Cookie Policy . Our Business Users. When you use Link to make payments with our Business Users, we share your Personal Data, including name, contact information, payment method details, and Transaction Data with those Business Users. Learn More . You can also direct Stripe to share your saved bank account information and identity documents with Business Users you do business with. Once we share your Personal Data with Business Users, we may process that Personal Data as a Data Processor for those Business Users, as detailed in Section 1.2 of this Policy. You should consult the privacy policies of the Business Users’ you do business with for information on how they use the information shared with them. Fraud Detection and Loss Prevention . We use your Personal Data collected across our Services to detect fraud and prevent financial losses for you, us, and our Business Users and Financial Partners, including detecting unauthorized purchases. We may provide Business Users and Financial Partners, including those that use our fraud prevention-related Business Services (such as Stripe Radar), with Personal Data about you (including your attempted transactions) so that they can assess the fraud or loss risk associated with the transaction. Learn more about how we may use technology to assess the fraud risk associated with an attempted transaction and what information we share with Business Users and Financial Partners here and here . Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, we may use your Personal Data, including Transaction Data, to assess your eligibility for, and offer you, other End User Services or promote existing End User Services, including through co-marketing with partners such as Stripe Business Users. Learn more . Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we use and share End User Personal Data with third party partners to allow us to advertise our End User Services to you, including through interest-based advertising, and to track the efficacy of such ads. We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment, but we may provide your data to third-party partners, such as advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services to you. Learn more . More . For further information about ways we may use and share End Users' Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.2 End Customers Stripe provides various Business Services to our Business Users, which include processing in-person or online payments or payouts for those Business Users. When acting as a service provider—also referred to as a Data Processor—for a Business User, we process End Customer Personal Data in accordance with our agreement with the Business User and the Business User's lawful instructions. This happens, for example, when we process a payment for a Business User because you purchased a product from them, or when the Business User asks us to send you funds. Business Users are responsible for ensuring that the privacy rights of their End Customers are respected, including obtaining appropriate consents and making disclosures about their own data collection and use associated with their products and services. If you're an End Customer, please refer to the privacy policy of the Business User you're doing business with for its privacy practices, choices, and controls. We provide more comprehensive information about our collection, use, and sharing of End Customer Personal Data in our Privacy Center , including the legal bases we rely on for processing your Personal Data. a. Personal Data we collect about End Customers Transaction Data . If you're an End Customer making payments to, receiving refunds or payments from, initiating a purchase or donation, or otherwise transacting with our Business User, whether in-person or online, we receive your Transaction Data. We may also receive your transaction history with the Business User. Learn More . Additionally, we may collect information entered into a checkout form even if you opt not to complete the form or transaction with the Business User. Learn More . A Business User who uses Stripe’s Terminal Service to provide its goods or services to End Customers may use the Terminal Service to collect End Customer Personal Data (like your name, email, phone number, address, signature, or age) in accordance with its own privacy policy. Identity/Verification Information . Stripe provides a verification and fraud prevention Service that our Business Users can use to verify Personal Data about you, such as your authorization to use a particular payment method. During the process, you’d be asked to share with us certain Personal Data (like your government ID and selfie for biometric verification, Personal Data you input, or Personal Data that is apparent from the physical payment method like a credit card image). To protect against fraud and determine if somebody is trying to impersonate you, we may cross-verify this data with information about you that we've collected from Business Users, Financial Partners, business affiliates, identity verification services, publicly available sources, and other third party service providers and sources. Learn More . More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about End Customers, including about your online activity, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of End Customers To provide our Business Services to our Business Users, we use and share End Customers' Personal Data with them. Where allowed, we also use End Customers' Personal Data for Stripe’s own purposes such as enhancing security, improving and offering our Business Services, and preventing fraud, loss, and other damages, as described further below. Payment processing and accounting . We use your Transaction Data to deliver Payment-related Business Services to Business Users — including online payment transactions processing, sales tax calculation, and invoice, bill, and dispute handling — and to help them determine their revenue, settle their bills, and execute accounting tasks. Learn More . We may also use your Personal Data to provide and improve our Business Services. During payment transactions, your Personal Data is shared with various entities in connection with your transaction. As a service provider or data processor, we share Personal Data to enable transactions as directed by Business Users. For instance, when you choose a payment method for your transaction, we may share your Transaction Data with your bank or other payment method provider, including as necessary to authenticate you, Learn More , process your transaction, prevent fraud, and handle disputes. The Business User you choose to do business with also receives Transaction Data and might share the data with others. Please review your merchant’s, bank’s, and payment method provider’s privacy policies for more information about how they use and share your Personal Data. Financial services . Certain Business Users leverage our Services to offer financial services to you via Stripe or our Financial Partners. For example, a Business User may issue a card product with which you can purchase goods and services. Such cards could carry the brand of Stripe, the bank partner, and/or the Business User. In addition to any Transaction Data we may generate or receive when these cards are used for purchases, we also collect and use your Personal Data to provide and manage these products, including assisting our Business Users in preventing misuse of the cards. Please review the privacy policies of the Business User and, if applicable, our bank partners associated with the financial service (the brands of which may be shown on the card) for more information. Identity/Verification services . We use Personal Data about your identity to perform verification services for Stripe or for the Business Users that you are transacting with, to prevent fraud, and to enhance security. For these purposes we may use Personal Data you provide directly or Personal Data we obtain from our service providers, including for phone verification. Learn More . If you provide a selfie along with an image of your identity document, we may employ biometric technology to compare and calculate whether they match and verify your identity. Learn More . Fraud detection and loss prevention. We use your Personal Data collected across our Services to detect and prevent losses for you, us, our Business Users, and Financial Partners. We may provide Business Users and Financial Partners, including those using our fraud prevention-related Business Services, with your Personal Data (including your attempted transactions) to help them assess the fraud or loss risk associated with a transaction. Learn more about how we may use technology to assess the fraud risk associated with an attempted transaction and what information we share with Business Users and Financial Partners here and here . Our Business Users (and their authorized third parties). We share End Customers' Personal Data with their respective Business Users and parties directly authorized by those Business Users to receive such data. Here are common examples of such sharing: When a Business User instructs Stripe to provide another Business User with access to its Stripe account, including data related to its End Customers, via Stripe Connect. Sharing information that you have provided to us with a Business User so that we can send payments to you on behalf of that Business User. Sharing information, documents, or images provided by an End Customer with a Business User when the latter uses Stripe Identity, our identity verification Service, to verify the identity of the End Customer. The Business Users you choose to do business with may further share your Personal Data with third parties (like additional third party service providers other than Stripe). Please review the Business User’s privacy policy for more information. Advertising by Business Users . If you initiate a purchasing process with a Business User, the Business User receives your Personal Data from us in connection with our provision of Services even if you don't finish your purchase. The Business User may use your Personal Data to market and advertise their products or services, subject to the terms of their privacy policy. Please review the Business User’s privacy policy for more information, including your rights to stop their use of your Personal Data for marketing purposes. More . For further information about additional ways by which we may use and share End Customers' Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.3 Representatives We collect, use, and share Personal Data from Representatives of Business Users (for example, business owners) to provide our Business Services. For more information about how we collect, use, and share Personal Data from Representatives, as well as the legal bases we rely on for processing such Personal Data, please visit our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about Representatives Registration and contact information . When you register for a Stripe account for a Business User (including incorporation of a Business), we collect your name and login credentials. If you register for or attend an event organized by Stripe or sign up to receive Stripe communications, we collect your registration and profile data. As a Representative, we may collect your Personal Data from third parties, including data providers, to advertise, market, and communicate with you as detailed further in the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. We may also link a location with you to tailor the Services or information effectively to your needs. Learn More . Identification Information . As a current or potential Business User, an owner of a Business User, or a shareholder, officer, or director of a Business User, we need your contact details, such as name, postal address, telephone number, and email address, to fulfill our Financial Partner and regulatory requirements, verify your identity, and prevent fraudulent activities and harm to the Stripe platform. We collect your Personal Data, such as ownership interest in the Business User, date of birth, government-issued identity documents, and associated identifiers, as well as any history of fraud or misuse, directly from you and/or from publicly available sources, third parties such as credit bureaus and via the Services we provide. Learn More . You may also choose to provide us with bank account information. More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about Representatives, including your online activity, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of Representatives We typically use the Personal Data of Representatives to provide the Business Services to the corresponding Business Users. The ways we use and share this data are further described below. Business Services . We use and share Representatives’ Personal Data with Business Users to provide the Services requested by you or the Business User you represent. In some instances, we may have to submit your Personal Data to a government entity to provide our Business Services, for purposes such as the incorporation of a business, or calculating and paying applicable sales tax. For our tax-related Business Services, we may use your Personal Data to prepare tax documents and file taxes on behalf of the Business User you represent. For our Atlas business incorporation Services, we may use your Personal Data to submit forms to the IRS on your behalf and file documents with other government authorities, such as articles of incorporation in your state of incorporation. We share Representatives’ Personal Data with parties authorized by the corresponding Business User, such as Financial Partners servicing a financial product, or third party apps or services the Business User chooses to use alongside our Business Services. Here are common examples of such sharing: Payment method providers, like Visa or WeChat Pay, require information about Business Users and their Representatives who accept their payment methods. This information is typically required during the onboarding process or for processing transactions and handling disputes for these Business Users. Learn More . A Business User may authorize Stripe to share your Personal Data with other Business Users to facilitate the provision of Services through Stripe Connect. The use of Personal Data by a third party authorized by a Business User is subject to the third party’s privacy policy. If you are a Business User who has chosen a name that includes Personal Data (for example, a sole proprietorship or family name in a company name), we will use and share such information for the provision of our Services in the same way we do with any company name. This may include, for example, displaying it on receipts and other transaction-identifying descriptions. Fraud detection and loss prevention . We use Representatives’ Personal Data to identify and manage risks that our Business Services might be used for fraudulent activities causing losses to Stripe, End Users, End Customers, Business Users, Financial Partners, and others. We also use information about you obtained from publicly available sources, third parties like credit bureaus and from our Services to address such risks, including to identify patterns of misuse and monitor for terms of service violations. Stripe may share Representatives' Personal Data with Business Users, our Financial Partners, and third party service providers, including phone verification providers, Learn More , to verify the information provided by you and identify risk indicators. Learn More . We also use and share Representatives' Personal Data to conduct due diligence, including conducting anti-money laundering and sanctions screening in accordance with applicable law. Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, and where required with your consent, we use and share Representatives’ Personal Data with third parties, including Partners , so we can advertise and market our Services and Partner integrations. Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we may advertise through interest-based advertising and track the efficacy of such ads. See our Cookie Policy . We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment. However, we may provide your data to third party partners, like advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services. Learn more . We may also use your Personal Data, including your Stripe account activity, to evaluate your eligibility for and offer you Business Services or promote existing Business Services. Learn more . More . For further information about additional ways by which we may use and share Representatives’ Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.4 Visitors We collect, use, and share the Personal Data of Visitors. More details about how we collect, use, and share Visitors’ Personal Data, along with the legal bases we rely on for processing such Personal Data, can be found in our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about Visitors When you browse our Sites, we receive your Personal Data, either provided directly by you or collected through our use of cookies and similar technologies. See our Cookie Policy for more information. If you opt to complete a form on the Site or third party websites where our advertisements are displayed (like LinkedIn or Facebook), we collect the information you included in the form. This may include your contact information and other information pertaining to your questions about our Services. We may also associate a location with your visit. Learn More . More . Further details about other types of Personal Data that we may collect from Visitors, including your online activity, can be found in the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of Visitors Personalization . We use the data we collect about you using cookies and similar technologies to measure engagement with the content on the Sites, improve relevancy and navigation, customize your experience (such as language preference and region-specific content), and curate content about Stripe and our Services that's tailored to you. For instance, as not all of our Services are available globally, we may customize our responses based on your region. Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, and where required with your consent, we use and share Visitors’ Personal Data with third parties, including Partners , so we can advertise and market our Services and Partner integrations. Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we may advertise through interest-based advertising and track the efficacy of such ads. See our Cookie Policy . We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment, but we may provide your data to third party partners, like advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services. Learn more . Engagement . As you interact with our Sites, we use the information we collect about and through your devices to provide opportunities for further interactions, such as discussions about Services or interactions with chatbots, to address your questions. More . For more information about additional ways we may use and share Visitors’ Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 2. More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data In addition to the ways described above, we also process your Personal Data as follows: a. Collection of Personal Data Online Activity . Depending on the Service used and how our Business Services are implemented by the Business Users, we may collect information related to: The devices and browsers you use across our Sites and third party websites, apps, and other online services (“Third Party Sites”). Usage data associated with those devices and browsers and your engagement with our Services, including data elements like IP address, plug-ins, language preference, time spent on Sites and Third Party Sites, pages visited, links clicked, payment methods used, and the pages that led you to our Sites and Third Party Sites. We also collect activity indicators, such as mouse activity indicators, to help us detect fraud. Learn More . See also our Cookie Policy . Communication and Engagement Information . We also collect information you choose to share with us through various channels, such as support tickets, emails, or social media. If you respond to emails or surveys from Stripe, we collect your email address, name, and any other data you opt to include in your email or responses. If you engage with us over the phone, we collect your phone number and any other information you might provide during the call. Calls with Stripe or Stripe representatives may be recorded. Learn More . Additionally, we collect your engagement data, like your registration for, attendance at, or viewing of Stripe events and any other interactions with Stripe personnel. Forums and Discussion Groups . If our Sites allow posting of content, we collect Personal Data that you provide in connection with the post. b. Use of Personal Data. Besides the use of Personal Data described above, we use Personal Data in the ways listed below: Analyzing, Improving, and Developing our Services . We collect and process Personal Data throughout our various Services, whether you are an End User, End Customer, Representative, or Visitor, to improve our Services, develop new Services, and support our efforts to make our Services more efficient, relevant, and useful to you. Learn More . We may use Personal Data to generate aggregate and statistical information to understand and explain how our Services are used. Examples of how we use Personal Data to analyze, improve, and develop our products and services include: Using analytics on our Sites, including as described in our Cookie Policy, to help us understand your use of our Sites and Services and diagnose technical issues. Training artificial intelligence models to power our Services and protect against fraud and other harm. Learn more . Analyzing and drawing inferences from Transaction Data to reduce costs, fraud, and disputes and increase authentication and authorization rates for Stripe and our Business Users. Communications . We use the contact information we have about you to deliver our Services, Learn More , which may involve sending codes via SMS for your authentication. Learn More . If you are an End User, Representative, or Visitor, we may communicate with you using the contact information we have about you to provide information about our Services and our affiliates’ services, invite you to participate in our events, surveys, or user research, or otherwise communicate with you for marketing purposes, in compliance with applicable law, including any consent or opt-out requirements. For example, when you provide your contact information to us or when we collect your business contact details through participation at trade shows or other events, we may use this data to follow up with you regarding an event, provide information requested about our Services, and include you in our marketing information campaigns. Where permitted under applicable law, we may record our calls with you to provide our Services, comply with our legal obligations, perform research and quality assurance, and for training purposes. Social Media and Promotions . If you opt to submit Personal Data to engage in an offer, program, or promotion, we use the Personal Data you provide to manage the offer, program, or promotion. We also use the Personal Data you provide, along with the Personal Data you make available on social media platforms, for marketing purposes, unless we are not permitted to do so. Fraud Prevention and Security . We collect and use Personal Data to help us identify and manage activities that could be fraudulent or harmful across our Services, enable our fraud detection Business Services, and secure our Services and transactions against unauthorized access, use, alteration or misappropriation of Personal Data, information, and funds. As part of the fraud prevention, detection, security monitoring, and compliance efforts for Stripe and its Business Users, we collect information from publicly available sources, third parties (such as credit bureaus), and via the Services we offer. In some instances, we may also collect information about you directly from you, or from our Business Users, Financial Partners, and other third parties for the same purposes. Furthermore, to protect our Services, we may receive details such as IP addresses and other identifying data about potential security threats from third parties. Learn More . Such information helps us verify identities, conduct credit checks where lawfully permitted, and prevent fraud. Additionally, we might use technology to evaluate the potential risk of fraud associated with individuals seeking to procure our Business Services or arising from attempted transactions by an End Customer or End User with our Business Users or Financial Partners. Compliance with Legal Obligations . We use Personal Data to meet our contractual and legal obligations related to anti-money laundering, Know-Your-Customer ("KYC") laws, anti-terrorism activities, safeguarding vulnerable customers, export control, and prohibition of doing business with restricted persons or in certain business fields, among other legal obligations. For example, we may monitor transaction patterns and other online signals and use those insights to identify fraud, money laundering, and other harmful activity that could affect Stripe, our Financial Partners, End Users, Business Users and others. Learn More . Safety, security, and compliance for our Services are key priorities for us, and collecting and using Personal Data is crucial to this effort. Minors . Our Services are not directed to children under the age of 13, and we request that they do not provide Personal Data to seek Services directly from Stripe. In certain jurisdictions, we may impose higher age limits as required by applicable law. c. Sharing of Personal Data. Besides the sharing of Personal Data described above, we share Personal Data in the ways listed below: Stripe Affiliates . We share Personal Data with other Stripe-affiliated entities for purposes identified in this Policy. Service Providers or Processors . In order to provide, communicate, market, analyze, and advertise our Services, we depend on service providers. These providers offer critical services such as providing cloud infrastructure, conducting analytics for the assessment of the speed, accuracy, and/or security of our Services, verifying identities, identifying potentially harmful activity, and providing customer service and audit functions. We authorize these service providers to use or disclose the Personal Data we make available to them to perform services on our behalf and to comply with relevant legal obligations. We require these service providers to contractually commit to security and confidentiality obligations for the Personal Data they process on our behalf. The majority of our service providers are based in the European Union, the United States of America, and India. Learn More . Financial Partners . We share Personal Data with certain Financial Partners to provide Services to Business Users and offer certain Services in conjunction with these Financial Partners. For instance, we may share certain Personal Data, such as payment processing volume, loan repayment data, and Representative contact information, with institutional investors and lenders who purchase loan receivables or provide financing related to Stripe Capital. Learn More . Others with Consent . In some situations, we may not offer a service, but instead refer you to others (like professional service firms that we partner with to deliver the Atlas Service). In these instances, we will disclose the identity of the third party and the information to be shared with them, and seek your consent to share the information. Corporate Transactions . If we enter or intend to enter a transaction that modifies the structure of our business, such as a reorganization, merger, sale, joint venture, assignment, transfer, change of control, or other disposition of all or part of our business, assets, or stock, we may share Personal Data with third parties in connection with such transaction. Any other entity that buys us or part of our business will have the right to continue to use your Personal Data, subject to the terms of this Policy. Compliance and Harm Prevention . We share Personal Data when we believe it is necessary to comply with applicable law; to abide by rules imposed by Financial Partners in connection with the use of their payment method; to enforce our contractual rights; to secure and protect the Services, rights, privacy, safety, and property of Stripe, you, and others, including against malicious or fraudulent activity; and to respond to valid legal requests from courts, law enforcement agencies, regulatory agencies, and other public and government authorities, which may include authorities outside your country of residence. 3. Legal bases for processing Personal Data For purposes of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other applicable data protection laws, we rely on a number of legal bases to process your Personal Data. Learn More . For some jurisdictions, there may be additional legal bases, which are outlined in the Jurisdiction-Specific Provisions section below. a. Contractual and Pre-Contractual Business Relationships . We process Personal Data to enter into business relationships with prospective Business Users and End Users and fulfill our respective contractual obligations with them. These processing activities include: Creation and management of Stripe accounts and Stripe account credentials, including the assessment of applications to initiate or expand the use of our Services; Creation and management of Stripe Checkout accounts; Accounting, auditing, and billing activities; and Processing of payments and related activities, which include fraud detection, loss prevention, transaction optimization, communications about such payments, and related customer service activities. b. Legal Compliance . We process Personal Data to verify the identities of individuals and entities to comply with obligations related to fraud monitoring, prevention, and detection, laws associated with identifying and reporting illicit and illegal activities, such as those under the Anti-Money Laundering ("AML") and Know-Your-Customer (“KYC") regulations, and financial reporting obligations. For example, we may be required to record and verify a Business User’s identity to comply with regulations designed to prevent money laundering, fraud, and financial crimes. These legal obligations may require us to report our compliance to third parties and subject ourselves to third party verification audits. c. Legitimate Interests . Where permitted under applicable law, we rely on our legitimate business interests to process your Personal Data. The following list provides an example of the business purposes for which we have a legitimate interest in processing your data: Detection, monitoring, and prevention of fraud and unauthorized payment transactions; Mitigation of financial loss, claims, liabilities or other harm to End Customers, End Users, Business Users, Financial Partners, and Stripe; Determination of eligibility for and offering new Stripe Services ( Learn More ); Response to inquiries, delivery of Service notices, and provision of customer support; Promotion, analysis, modification, and improvement of our Services, systems, and tools, as well as the development of new products and services, including enhancing the reliability of the Services; Management, operation, and improvement of the performance of our Sites and Services, through understanding their effectiveness and optimizing our digital assets; Analysis and advertisement of our Services, and related improvements; Aggregate analysis and development of business intelligence that enable us to operate, protect, make informed decisions about, and report on the performance of our business; Sharing of Personal Data with third party service providers that offer services on our behalf and business partners that help us in operating and improving our business ( Learn More) ; Enabling network and information security throughout Stripe and our Services; and Sharing of Personal Data among our affiliates. d. Consent . We may rely on consent or explicit consent to collect and process Personal Data regarding our interactions with you and the provision of our Services such as Link, Financial Connections, Atlas, and Identity. When we process your Personal Data based on your consent, you have the right to withdraw your consent at any time, and such a withdrawal will not impact the legality of processing performed based on the consent prior to its withdrawal. e. Substantial Public Interest . We may process special categories of Personal Data, as defined by the GDPR, when such processing is necessary for reasons of substantial public interest and consistent with applicable law, such as when we conduct politically-exposed person checks. We may also process Personal Data related to criminal convictions and offenses when such processing is authorized by applicable law, such as when we conduct sanctions screening to comply with AML and KYC obligations. f. Other valid legal bases . We may process Personal Data further to other valid legal bases as recognized under applicable law in specific jurisdictions. See the Jurisdiction-specific provisions section below for more information. 4. Your rights and choices Depending on your location and subject to applicable law, you may have choices regarding our collection, use, and disclosure of your Personal Data: a. Opting out of receiving electronic communications from us If you wish to stop receiving marketing-related emails from us, you can opt-out by clicking the unsubscribe link included in such emails or as described here . We'll try to process your request(s) as quickly as reasonably practicable. However, it's important to note that even if you opt out of receiving marketing-related emails from us, we retain the right to communicate with you about the Services you receive (like support and important legal notices) and our Business Users might still send you messages or instruct us to send you messages on their behalf. b. Your data protection rights Depending on your location and subject to applicable law, you may have the following rights regarding the Personal Data we process about you as a data controller: The right to request confirmation of whether Stripe is processing Personal Data associated with you, the categories of personal data it has processed, and the third parties or categories of third parties with which your Personal Data is shared; The right to request access to the Personal Data Stripe processes about you ( Learn More ); The right to request that Stripe rectify or update your Personal Data if it's inaccurate, incomplete, or outdated; The right to request that Stripe erase your Personal Data in certain circumstances as provided by law ( Learn More ); The right to request that Stripe restrict the use of your Personal Data in certain circumstances, such as while Stripe is considering another request you've submitted (for instance, a request that Stripe update your Personal Data); The right to request that we export the Personal Data we hold about you to another company, provided it's technically feasible; The right to withdraw your consent if your Personal Data is being processed based on your previous consent; The right to object to the processing of your Personal Data if we are processing your data based on our legitimate interests; unless there are compelling legitimate grounds or the processing is necessary for legal reasons, we will cease processing your Personal Data upon receiving your objection ( Learn More ); The right not to be discriminated against for exercising these rights; and The right to appeal any decision by Stripe relating to your rights by contacting Stripe’s Data Protection Officer (“DPO”) at dpo@stripe.com , and/or relevant regulatory agencies. You may have additional rights, depending on applicable law, over your Personal Data. For example, see the Jurisdiction-specific provisions section under United States below. c. Process for exercising your data protection rights To exercise your data protection rights related to Personal Data we process as a data controller, visit our Privacy Center or contact us as outlined below. For Personal Data we process as a data processor, please reach out to the relevant data controller (Business User) to exercise your rights. If you contact us regarding your Personal Data we process as a data processor, we will refer you to the relevant data controller to the extent we are able to identify them. 5. Security and Retention We make reasonable efforts to provide a level of security appropriate to the risk associated with the processing of your Personal Data. We maintain organizational, technical, and administrative measures designed to protect the Personal Data covered by this Policy from unauthorized access, destruction, loss, alteration, or misuse. Learn More . Unfortunately, no data transmission or storage system can be guaranteed to be 100% secure. We encourage you to assist us in protecting your Personal Data. If you hold a Stripe account, you can do so by using a strong password, safeguarding your password against unauthorized use, and avoiding using identical login credentials you use for other services or accounts for your Stripe account. If you suspect that your interaction with us is no longer secure (for instance, you believe that your Stripe account's security has been compromised), please contact us immediately. We retain your Personal Data for as long as we continue to provide the Services to you or our Business Users, or for a period in which we reasonably foresee continuing to provide the Services. Even after we stop providing Services directly to you or to a Business User that you're doing business with, and even after you close your Stripe account or complete a transaction with a Business User, we may continue to retain your Personal Data to: Comply with our legal and regulatory obligations; Enable fraud monitoring, detection, and prevention activities; and Comply with our tax, accounting, and financial reporting obligations, including when such retention is required by our contractual agreements with our Financial Partners (and where data retention is mandated by the payment methods you've used). In cases where we keep your Personal Data, we do so in accordance with any limitation periods and record retention obligations imposed by applicable law. Learn More . 6. International Data Transfers As a global business, it's sometimes necessary for us to transfer your Personal Data to countries other than your own, including the United States. These countries might have data protection regulations that are different from those in your country. When transferring data across borders, we take measures to comply with applicable data protection laws related to such transfer. In certain situations, we may be required to disclose Personal Data in response to lawful requests from officials, such as law enforcement or security authorities. Learn More . If you are located in the European Economic Area (“EEA”), the United Kingdom ("UK"), or Switzerland, please refer to our Privacy Center for additional details. When a data transfer mechanism is mandated by applicable law, we employ one or more of the following: Transfers to certain countries or recipients that are recognized as having an adequate level of protection for Personal Data under applicable law. EU Standard Contractual Clauses approved by the European Commission and the UK International Data Transfer Addendum issued by the Information Commissioner’s Office. You can obtain a copy of the relevant Standard Contractual Clauses. Learn More . Other lawful methods available to us under applicable law. Stripe, Inc. complies with the EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework (“EU-U.S. DPF”), the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework as set forth by the U.S. Department of Commerce and as applicable. Learn More . Stripe’s	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/github-copilot/	The latest on GitHub Copilot - The GitHub Blog Skip to content / Blog Changelog Docs Customer stories Try GitHub Copilot See what's new AI & ML AI & ML Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry. Generative AI Learn how to build with generative AI. GitHub Copilot Change how you work with GitHub Copilot. LLMs Everything developers need to know about LLMs. Machine learning Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices. How AI code generation works Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience. Learn more Developer skills Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. 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Learn more Developer skills Back Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Back Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights Back News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Back Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. Social impact How open source is driving positive change. Gaming Explore open source games on GitHub. An introduction to innersource Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software. Learn more Security Back Security Stay up to date on everything security. Application security Application security, explained. Supply chain security Demystifying supply chain security. Vulnerability research Updates from the GitHub Security Lab. Web application security Helpful tips on securing web applications. The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation. Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / AI & ML / GitHub Copilot GitHub Copilot Explore comprehensive guides about GitHub Copilot, an AI-powered code completion tool, to enhance coding efficiency and accuracy with best practices, tips for maximizing Copilot’s capabilities, and real-world examples. Want more technical information on GitHub Copilot? Head over to our documentation to learn more about using GitHub Copilot in your IDE, on GitHub, and across your workflows . Featured WRAP up your backlog with GitHub Copilot coding agent An easy-to-remember acronym, WRAP will help you write effective issues, refine your instructions, and get the most out of Copilot coding agent. Brittany Ellich & Jason Etcovitch · December 26, 2025 How to use GitHub Copilot Spaces to debug issues faster Follow this step-by-step guide to learn how to debug your issues using GitHub Copilot Spaces and Copilot coding agent. Andrea Griffiths · December 4, 2025 Your stack, your rules: Introducing custom agents in GitHub Copilot for observability, IaC, and security Use partner-built Copilot agents to debug, secure, and automate engineering workflows across your terminal, editor, and github.com. Griffin Ashe · December 3, 2025 How to orchestrate agents using mission control Run multiple Copilot agents from one place. Learn prompt techniques, how to spot drift early, and how to review agent work efficiently. Matt Nigh · December 1, 2025 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest How GitHub’s agentic security principles make our AI agents as secure as possible Learn more about the agentic security principles that we use to build secure AI products—and how you can apply them to your own agents. Rahul Zhade · November 25, 2025 Evolving GitHub Copilot’s next edit suggestions through custom model training GitHub Copilot’s next edit suggestions just got faster, smarter, and more precise thanks to new data pipelines, reinforcement learning, and continuous model updates built for in-editor workflows. Kevin Merchant & Yu Hu · November 20, 2025 How we’re making GitHub Copilot smarter with fewer tools We’re using embedding-guided tool routing, adaptive clustering, and a streamlined 13-tool core to deliver faster experience in VS Code. Anisha Agarwal & Connor Peet · November 19, 2025 How to write a great agents.md: Lessons from over 2,500 repositories Learn how to write effective agents.md files for GitHub Copilot with practical tips, real examples, and templates from analyzing 2,500+ repositories. Matt Nigh · November 19, 2025 Unlocking the full power of Copilot code review: Master your instructions files Discover practical tips, examples, and best practices for writing effective instructions files. Whether you’re new or experienced, you’ll find something to level up your code reviews. Ria Gopu · November 14, 2025 How Copilot helps build the GitHub platform A breakdown of how Copilot coding agent has contributed to a better, more powerful GitHub. Matt Nigh · November 12, 2025 GitHub Copilot CLI 101: How to use GitHub Copilot from the command line Curious about using GitHub Copilot in your terminal? Here’s our guide to GitHub Copilot CLI, including a starter kit with the best prompts for a wide range of use cases. Alexandra Lietzke · November 6, 2025 GitHub Copilot tutorial: How to build, test, review, and ship code faster (with real prompts) How GitHub Copilot works today—including mission control—and how to get the most out of it. Here’s what you need to know. Aaron Winston · November 5, 2025 The road to better completions: Building a faster, smarter GitHub Copilot with a new custom model Find out about the latest custom models powering the completions experience in GitHub Copilot. Shengyu Fu & John Mogensen · October 23, 2025 How to update community health files with AI Have you ever thought about using AI to update community health files for your repositories? This blog shares actionable next steps for doing just that, including a starter kit with a checklist and tutorials on how to create three useful files. Alexandra Lietzke · October 21, 2025 Copilot: Faster, smarter, and built for how you work now Discover how GitHub Copilot has evolved from a high-powered autocomplete tool to a powerful, multi-model agentic assistant. Ashley Willis · October 15, 2025 How GitHub Copilot and AI agents are saving legacy systems GitHub Copilot and AI agents are making legacy COBOL systems accessible to modern developers. Andrea Griffiths · October 14, 2025 GitHub Copilot CLI: How to get started Discover how to use GitHub Copilot directly in the terminal. From cloning a repository to opening a pull request, here’s how to streamline your workflow with Copilot CLI. Andrea Griffiths · October 13, 2025 How to build reliable AI workflows with agentic primitives and context engineering See how this three-part framework will turn AI into a repeatable and reliable engineering practice. Daniel Meppiel · October 13, 2025 How GitHub Copilot enabled accessibility governance process improvements in record time See how we turned weekly accessibility signals into an automated, accountable remediation workflow—powered by GitHub Copilot and cross‑functional collaboration. Janice Rimmer · October 7, 2025 Posts pagination Page 1 Page 2 … Page 5 Next The world's largest developer platform Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs GitHub Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything. Start building Customer stories Meet the companies and engineering teams that build with GitHub. Learn more The GitHub Podcast Catch up on the GitHub podcast, a show dedicated to the topics, trends, stories and culture in and around the open source developer community on GitHub. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/appendix/from-subversion-to-git	Switching from Subversion to Git \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Switching from Subversion to Git If you're used to Subversion, Git might feel different at first. This chapter explains the key differences. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Switching from Subversion to Git Actually, switching from Subversion to Git isn't very complicated - but only if you don't treat Git like a fancier Subversion. Once you understand where the concepts differ, the transition becomes easy. Distributed vs. Centralized Subversion is a centralized version control system: all team members work towards a single central repository, placed on a remote server. A "checkout" from this central repository will place a "working copy" on the user's machine. This is a snapshot from a certain version of the project on his disk. In Git, a distributed version control system, things work a little differently. Instead of a "checkout", a Git user will "clone" a repository from a remote server. In return, he receives a full-fledged repository, not just a working copy. The user then has his own repository on his local machine - including all of the project's history. You can do everything on your local machine: commit, inspect history, restore older revisions, etc. Only if you want to share your work with the world you have to connect to a remote server. Repository Structure and URLs A Subversion repository is typically organized with a couple of directories: "trunk" for the main line of development, "branches" for alternative contexts, and "tags" to mark certain revisions. To address these different parts, URLs are used that point to these locations inside the repository: svn+ssh://svn@example.com/svn/trunk Git repositories, on the other hand, consist of only a single ".git" folder in the root of a project. Addressing branches or tags is done via commands, not URLs. In Git, the URL only points to the location of the Git repository. ssh://git@example.com/path/to/git-repo.git Branching As just mentioned, branches in Subversion are just simple directories that happen to have a special meaning. When creating a new branch, you effectively create a (very efficient) copy of your project in a new folder. In Git, branching was one of the core design goals and therefore required a quite different concept. A branch in Git is simply a pointer to a certain revision - thereby creating no copy, no new directories, and no overhead. You are always working on a branch in Git, even if it’s just the default “master” branch that gets created automatically. Your working directory contains the files that belong to this currently active branch (in Git called the "HEAD"). All other versions and branches are stored in your local repository, ready to be restored in an instant. Also keep in mind the distributed nature of Git: branches can exist remotely and - much more important for your daily work - locally. Committing When making a commit in Subversion, a couple of rules apply: You can only commit when you have a connection to the central repository. You can't commit while you're offline. The commit gets instantly transferred to the central repository. It gets assigned an ascending revision number. Committing in Git differs in some aspects: You don't have to be online or connected to any "central" repository - because you have a full-blown repository on your local disk. Therefore, commits are recorded only in your local repository. They're not transferred to any remote repository until you explicitly decide to share them. Only because a file was changed doesn't mean it will automatically be included in the next commit. You have to explicitly mark the changes you want in the next commit by adding them to the so-called "Staging Area". You can even mark parts or individual lines of a file to be included, while other parts are left for a later commit. Revision numbers are replaced by "commit hashes". Since commits happen offline on the developers' local machines, you cannot assign one commit #5 and another one #6 - who's first in such a distributed scenario? However, of course, there must still be a way to uniquely identify commits in Git. Therefore, a hashed string is used instead of the ascending revision number. Sharing Work With Subversion, your work is automatically transferred to the central server when you commit. And committing is only possible when you can connect to this central server. In Git, nothing gets uploaded automatically. You can decide for each of your branches when (and if at all) you want to share them with your team. Besides that, sharing work is very safe: conflicts can only occur on your local machine and not on the remote server. This leaves you with the confidence that you cannot break things. Best Practices Contents Why Git? Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/appendix/why-git	Why Git? \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Why Git? Git is a powerful version control system. This chapter explains why you should use it. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Why Git? Although there are dozens of version control systems on the market, some of the world's most renowned projects (like the Linux Kernel, Ruby on Rails, or jQuery) are using Git as their VCS of choice. Here are some of the reasons why. Save Time Git is lightning fast. And although we're talking about only a few seconds per command, it quickly adds up in your work day. Use your time for something more useful than waiting for your version control system to get back to you. Work Offline What if you want to work while you're on the move? With a centralized VCS like Subversion or CVS, you're stranded if you're not connected to the central repository. With Git, almost everything is possible simply on your local machine: make a commit, browse your project's complete history, merge or create branches... Git let's you decide where and when you want to work. Undo Mistakes People make mistakes. A good thing about Git is that there's a little "undo" command for almost every situation. Correct your last commit because you forgot to include that small change. Revert a whole commit because that feature isn't necessary, anymore. And when the going gets tough you can even restore disappeared commits with the Reflog - because, behind the scenes, Git rarely really deletes something. This is peace of mind. Don't Worry Git gives you the confidence that you can't screw things up - and this is a great feeling. In Git, every clone of a project that one of your teammates might have on his local computer is a fully usable backup. Additionally, almost every action in Git only adds data (deleting is very rare). That means that losing data or breaking a repository beyond repair is really hard to do. Make Useful Commits A commit is only really useful if it just contains related changes. Imagine having a commit that contains something from feature A, a little bit of feature B, and bugfix C. This is hard to understand for your teammates and can't be rolled back easily if some of the code is causing problems. Git helps you create granular commits with its unique "staging area" concept: you can determine exactly which changes shall be included in your next commits, even down to single lines. This is where version control starts to be useful. Work in Your Own Way When working with Git you can use your very own workflow. One that feels good for you. You don’t have to be a code acrobat to qualify for using Git. Of course, you can connect with multiple remote repositories, rebase instead of merge, and work with submodules when you need it. But you can just as easily work with one central remote repository like in Subversion. All the other advantages remain – regardless of your workflow. Don’t Mix Things Up Separation of concerns is paramount to keeping track of things. While you’re working on feature A, nothing (and no-one) else should be affected by your unfinished code. What if it turns out the feature isn’t necessary anymore? Or if, after 10 commits, you notice that you took a completely wrong approach? Branching is the answer for these problems. And while other version control systems also know branches, Git is the first one to make it work as it should: fast & easy. Go With the Flow Only dead fish swim with the stream. And sometimes, clever developers do, too. Git is used by more and more well-known companies and Open Source projects: Ruby On Rails, jQuery, Perl, Debian, the Linux Kernel and many more. A large community often is an advantage by itself because an ecosystem evolves around the system. Lots of tutorials, tools, and services make Git even more attractive. Git for Subversion Users Contents  &nbsp Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/undoing-things	Undoing Things \| Learn Version Control with Git Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Undoing Things Git provides several commands to undo changes. This chapter explains how to use them. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Undoing Things One of the greatest aspects about Git is that you can undo almost anything. In the end, this means that you actually can't mess up: Git always provides a safety net for you. Fixing the Last Commit No matter how carefully you craft your commits, sooner or later you'll forget to add a change or mistype the commit's message. That's when Git's "amend" feature comes in handy: it allows you to change the very last commit really easily. To amend a commit in Tower, simply make sure to check the "Amend" option in the commit area. As soon as you do, the last commit's message is prefilled into the textfields. You can then either change the message or/and stage changes just like you're used to. The Golden Rules of Version Control No. 5: Never Amend Published Commits Using the "amend" option is a great little helper that you'll come to appreciate yourself very quickly. However, you'll need to keep the following things in mind when using it: (a) It can only be used to fix the very last commit. Older commits can't be modified with "amend". (b) You should never "amend" a commit that has already been published / pushed to a remote repository! This is because "amend" effectively produces a completely new commit object in the background that replaces the old one. If you're the only person who had this commit, doing this is safe. However, after publishing the original commit on a remote, other people might already have based new work on this commit. Replacing it with an amended version will cause problems. Undoing Local Changes Changes are called "local" when they haven't been committed, yet: all the modifications that are currently present in your working directory are "local", uncommitted changes. Sometimes, you'll produce code that... well... is worse than what you had before. These are the times when you want to discard these changes and start fresh with the last committed version. Tower allows you to undo local changes in different granularity: Discard all changes in a file by choosing "Discard Local Changes" from the right-click menu Discard a chunk (an area of changes) in a file by clicking the "Discard Chunk" button in the file's diff view Discard individual changed lines in a file by selecting the corresponding line(s) and clicking "Discard Lines" in the file's diff view If you need to discard all current changes in your working copy and want to restore the last committed version of your complete project, right-click the "Working Copy" item in the sidebar and select "Discard All Local Changes...". This tells Git to replace the files in your working copy with the "HEAD" revision (which is the last committed version), discarding all local changes. Note Discarding uncommitted changes cannot be undone. This is because they have never been saved in your repository. Therefore, Git has no chance to restore this kind of changes. Always keep this in mind when discarding local changes. Undoing Committed Changes Sometimes you'll want to undo a certain commit. E.g. when you notice that your changes were wrong, when you introduced a bug, or simply when the customer has decided he doesn't want this anymore. Undo Using "Revert" Using Git's "revert" command is one possibility to undo a previous commit. Note that the command doesn't delete any commits: instead, it reverts the effects of a certain commit, effectively undoing it. It does this by producing a new commit with changes that revert each of the changes in that unwanted commit. For example, if your original commit added a word in a certain place, the reverting commit will remove exactly this word, again. Undo Using "Reset" Another tool to "undo" commits is the "reset" command. It neither produces any new commits nor does it delete any old ones. It works by resetting your current HEAD branch to an older revision (also called "rolling back" to that older revision). The commits that came after this revision are effectively undone and are no longer visible in the history of this branch. When resetting to an older revision, you can choose to either keep or discard changes: Keeping changes will leave both current local changes as well as the changes from the rolled back commits in your working copy. Discarding changes will fully restore the project as it was in that past revision - which will also discard any current local changes. Note Just like "revert", the "reset" command also doesn't delete any commits. It just makes it look as if they hadn't existed and removes them from the history. However, they are still stored in Git's database for at least 30 days. So if you should ever notice you accidentally removed commits you still need, one of your Git expert colleagues will still be able to restore them for you. Using Revert & Reset in Tower Both commands - revert and reset - can be used in Tower. Don't forget, however, that reset can only be performed on the HEAD branch. Therefore, make sure that the correct branch is checked out and select it in the sidebar. Then, simply right-click the commit you want to reset or revert and choose the corresponding option from the menu. Deleting Branches Contents Diffs - Inspecting Changes Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/diffs	Inspecting Changes with Diffs \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Inspecting Changes with Diffs Git provides several commands to see what has changed in your repository. This chapter explains how to use them. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Inspecting Changes with Diffs Driving a project forward requires a myriad of small changes. Understanding each of these individual changes is the key to understanding how the project evolved. Version control uses so-called "diffs" to illustrate these changes. Displaying Diffs Before we take a closer look at such a diff, we'll be looking at the different places in Tower where diffs are displayed: Local Changes In the "Working Copy" view, Tower lists all currently changed files. Select a file in the list to see its detailed diff on the right. Using the toggle on the top right, you can even switch between staged and unstaged changes. Committed Changes When you select the "History" item in the sidebar (or any branch or tag item), the associated commits are displayed in a list. Select any commit to see which files it changed on the right. You can expand each changed file item to see the detailed diff of this modification. Reading Diffs A diff (or, synonymously, a "patch"), is a visualization of the _diff_erences between two versions of a file. Let's take a detailed look at such a diff - and learn how to read it. Compared Files As said, a diff compares two versions of a file with each other. When looking at local changes , the file that you currently have on disk (with your local modifications) is compared with the file as it was last committed. When looking at committed changes , the file that's contained in this very commit is compared to the version of the same file in the commit before. Chunk A diff doesn't show the complete file from beginning to end: you wouldn't want to see everything in a 10,000 lines file, when only 2 lines have changed. Instead, it only shows those portions that were actually modified. Such a portion is called a "chunk" (or "hunk"). In addition to the actual changed lines, a chunk also contains a bit of "context": some (unchanged, non-colored) lines before and after the modification so you can better understand in what context that change happened. In the example diff above, you can see 3 chunks. Chunk Header Each of these chunks is prepended by a header. Enclosed in two "@" signs each, Git tells you which lines were affected. In the second chunk of our example diff, the following lines are represented: From file A (represented by "-" signs), 6 lines are displayed, beginning from line no. 33 From file B (represented by "+" signs), 11 lines are shown, also starting from line no. 33 The text after the closing pair of "@@" aims to clarify the context: Git tries to display a method name or other contextual information of where this chunk was taken from in the file. However, this greatly depends on the programming language and doesn't work in all scenarios. Changes Each changed line is prepended with either a "+" or a "-" symbol. These symbols help you associate the different lines with the correct version: a line that is prepended with a "-" sign comes from A, while a line with a "+" sign comes from B. Tower helps make this distinction even easier by assigning each version a background color. In most cases, Git picks A and B in such a way that you can think of A/- as "old" content and B/+ as "new" content. Let's look at our concrete example: In chunk #1 , a line was modified : the red "-" line was changed to look like the green "+" line below. Chunk #2 contains five lines prepended with a "+". Since no counterpart in A existed for these lines (no lines with "-"), this means that these lines were added . Chunk #3 is just the opposite: in A, we have seven lines marked with "-" signs. However, B doesn't have an equivalent (no "+" lines), meaning they were deleted . Undoing Things Contents Solving Merge Conflicts Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/remote-repositories/deleting-branches	Deleting Branches \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Deleting Branches At some point, you might want to delete a branch. This chapter explains how to do that. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Deleting Branches Let's assume our work on "contact-form" is done and we've already integrated it into "master". Since we don't need it anymore, we can delete it by right-clicking it in the sidebar and choosing the "Delete <branch>" option. Tidy as we are, we also delete the remote branch in just the same way. Publishing a Local Branch Contents Part 4 - Advanced Topics Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/remote-repositories/introduction	Introduction to Remote Repositories \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Introduction to Remote Repositories A remote repository is a version of your project that is hosted on the Internet or network somewhere. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line About Remote Repositories About 90% of version control related work happens in the local repository: staging, committing, viewing the status or the log/history, etc. Moreover, if you're the only person working on your project, chances are you'll never need to set up a remote repository. Only when it comes to sharing data with your teammates, a remote repo comes into play. Think of it like a "file server" that you use to exchange data with your colleagues. Let's look at the few things that distinguish local and remote repositories from each other: Location Local repositories reside on the computers of team members. In contrast, remote repositories are hosted on a server that is accessible for all team members - most likely on the internet or on a local network. Features Technically, a remote repository doesn't differ from a local one: it contains branches, commits, and tags just like a local repository. However, a local repository has a working copy associated with it: a directory where some version of your project's files is checked out for you to work with. A remote repository doesn't have such a working directory: it only consists of the bare ".git" repository folder. Usage It's important to stress that the actual work on your project happens only in your local repository: all modifications have to be made & committed locally. Then, those changes can be uploaded to a remote repository in order to share them with your team. Remote repositories are only thought as a means for sharing and exchanging code between developers - not for actually working on files. Creation Creating a remote repository can be done in two ways: if you already have a local repository that you want to base it on, you can clone this local one with the "--bare" option on your command line. In case you want to create a blank remote repository, you can use the "git init" command, also with the "--bare" option, on your command line. Local / Remote Workflow In Git, there are only a mere handful of commands that interact with a remote repository. The overwhelming majority of work happens in the local repository. Until this point (except when we cloned a remote repo), we've worked exclusively with our local Git repository and never left our local computer. We were not dependent on any internet or network connection but instead worked completely offline. We'll look at each of these commands in the course of the following sections. Branching Workflows Contents Connecting a Remote Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/git-lfs	Handling Large Files with LFS \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Handling Large Files with LFS Git LFS (Large File Storage) is a Git extension for versioning large files. This chapter explains how to use it. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Handling Large Files with LFS Working with large binary files can be quite a hassle: they bloat your local repository and leave you with Gigabytes of data on your machine. Most annoyingly, the majority of this huge amount of data is probably useless for you: most of the time, you don't need each and every version of a file on your disk. This problem in mind, Git's standard feature set was enhanced with the "Large File Storage" extension - in short: "Git LFS". An LFS-enhanced local Git repository will be significantly smaller in size because it breaks one basic rule of Git in an elegant way: it does not keep all of the project's data in your local repository. Let's look at how this works. Only the Data You Need Let's say you have a 100 MB Photoshop file in your project. When you make a change to this file (no matter how tiny it might be), committing this modification will save the complete file (huge as it is) in your repository. After a couple of iterations, your local repository will quickly weigh tons of Megabytes and soon Gigabytes. When a coworker clones that repository to her local machine, she will need to download a huge amount of data. And, as already mentioned, most of this data will be of little value: usually, old versions of files aren't used on a daily basis - but they still weigh a lot of Megabytes... The LFS extension uses a simple technique to avoid your local Git repository from exploding like that: it does not keep all versions of a file on your machine . Instead, it only provides the files you actually need in your checked out revision. If you switch branches, it will automatically check if you need a specific version of such a big file and get it for you - on demand. Pointers Instead of Real Data But what exactly is stored in your local repository? We already heard that, in terms of actual files , only those items are present that are actually needed in the currently checked out revision. But what about the other versions of an LFS-managed file? To do its size-reducing wonders, LFS only stores pointers to these files in the repository. These pointers are just references to the actual files which are stored elsewhere, in a special LFS store . An Additional Object Store The usual Git setup is probably old hat to you: Your local computer is home to a local Git repository and the project's Working Copy . Most likely (although not mandatory) there's also a remote server involved which hosts the remote repository . With LFS, this classic setup is extended by an LFS cache and an LFS store : Remember that an LFS-tracked file is only saved as a pointer in the repository. The actual file data, therefore, has to be located somewhere else: in the LFS cache that now accompanies your local Git repository. On the remote side of things, an LFS store saves and delivers all of those large files on demand. Whenever Git in your local repository encounters an LFS-managed file, it will only find a pointer - not the file's actual data. It will then ask the local LFS Cache to deliver it. The LFS Cache tries to look up the file by its pointer; if it doesn't have it already, it requests it from the remote LFS Store. That way, you only have the file data on disk that is necessary for you at the moment. Everything else will be downloaded on demand. Before we get our hands dirty installing and actually using LFS there's one last thing to do: please check if your code hosting service of choice supports LFS. Although most popular services like GitHub, GitLab, and Visual Studio already offer support for LFS, it's nothing to take for granted. Installing Git LFS LFS is a fairly recent invention and not (yet) part of the core Git feature set. However, all recent versions of Tower already include LFS. You don't have to install anything else! Tracking a File with LFS Out of the box, LFS doesn't do anything with your files: you have to explicitly tell it which files it should track! Let's start by adding a large file to the repository, e.g. a nice 100 MB Photoshop file: In Tower's Working Copy view, right-click the file and choose "Track" from the "LFS" submenu. This tells LFS to take care of the file: If you expected fireworks to go off, you'll probably be a bit disappointed: the command didn't do much. But you'll notice that a file named ".gitattributes" in the root of your project was changed! This is where Git LFS remembers which files it should track. If we look at it now, we'll be happy to see that LFS made an entry about our "design.psd" file: design-resources/design.psd filter=lfs diff=lfs merge=lfs -text Just like the ".gitignore" file (responsible for ignoring items), the ".gitattributes" file and any changes that happen to it should be included in version control. Put simply, you should commit changes to ".gitattributes" to the repository like any other changes, too: Tracking Patterns It would be a bit tedious if you had to manually tell LFS about every single file you want to track. In many cases, you'll want to track all files of a certain kind . With a minimal adjustment to the steps we have just performed, we can tell LFS to track all ".psd" files in our repository: in the "LFS" submenu, simply select "Track All Items Like This". Which Files Are We Tracking? At some point, you might want to check which files in your project you are currently tracking via Git LFS. Just open the repository's "Settings" view and switch to the "Git LFS" tab: When to Track You can accuse Git of many things - but definitely not of forgetfulness: things that you've committed to the repository are there to stay. It's very hard to get things out of a project's commit history (and that's a good thing). In the end, this means one thing: make sure to set your LFS tracking patterns as early as possible - ideally right after initializing a new repository. To change a file that was committed the usual way into an LFS-managed object, you would have to manipulate and rewrite your project's history. And you certainly want to avoid this. Cloning a Git LFS Repository To clone an existing LFS repository from a remote server, you can simply use the standard "Clone" dialog that you already know. After downloading the repository, Git will check out the default branch and then hand over to LFS: if there are any LFS-managed files in the current revision, they'll be automatically downloaded for you. That's all well and good - but if you want to speed up the cloning process, you can use the "LFS Clone" option in the "Clone" dialog. The main difference is that, after the initial checkout was performed, the requested LFS items are downloaded in parallel (instead of one after the other). This could be a nice time saver for repositories with lots of LFS-tracked files. Working with Your Repository Undeniably, the best part about Git LFS is that it doesn't require you to change your workflow. Apart from telling LFS which files it should track, there is nothing to watch out for! No matter if it's committing, pushing or pulling: you can continue to work with the commands you already know and use. Workflows with git-flow Contents SSH Public Keys Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/branching-merging/branching-can-change-your-life	Branching can Change Your Life \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Branching can Change Your Life Git's branching model is incredibly powerful. This chapter explains why it's so important. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Branching can Change Your Life This is quite a sensational headline, I know... But the truth is: it's not an exaggeration. Using branches in your day-to-day work might very well prove to make you a better programmer or designer. First of all, if you're coming from another version control system, I kindly ask you to forget the things you already know about branching & merging. It's true that Git hasn't invented this particular wheel: many other VCS also offer branching. However, Git's concepts in this area are absolutely unique when it comes to ease of use and performance. Now, let's look at why branches are so important. Working in Contexts In every project, there are always multiple different contexts where work happens. Each feature, bugfix, experiment, or alternative of your product is actually a context of its own: it can be seen as its own "topic", clearly separated from other topics. This leaves you with an unlimited amount of different contexts. Most likely, you'll have at least one context for your "main" or "production" state, and another context for each feature, bugfix, experiment, etc. In real-world projects, work always happens in multiple of these contexts in parallel : While you're preparing 2 new variations of your website's design (context 1 & 2)... you're also trying to fix an annoying bug (context 3). On the side, you also update some content on your FAQ pages (context 4), while... one of your teammates is working on a new feature for your shopping cart (context 5),... and another colleague is experimenting with a whole new login functionality (context 6). A World Without Branches Not working in clearly separated contexts can (and sooner or later will ) cause several problems: What happens if your client likes variation 2 of the new design? In the meantime, a host of other changes have happened! How do you launch the new design while integrating all these other changes instead of losing them? What happens if the shopping cart feature became obsolete because the client changed his mind? How do you get all that unwanted code (and only that code!) out? What do you do if that new login functionality proves to be impossible to implement? It's already mingled with all of those other changes, being almost impossible to separate out! How can you avoid losing track? Most likely, you shouldn't be bothered with all the topics from all of your colleagues. Things will start to get very confusing when you try to handle multiple topics in a single context: A tempting workaround might be to simply copy your complete project folder for each new context. But this only leaves you with other problems: You circumvent your VCS, since those new folders won't be under version control. Not being version controlled, you can't easily share & collaborate with others. Integrating changes from one context into another (maybe your main context) is difficult and error-prone. To make a long story short: if your goal is to work professionally, you'll have to find a way to deal with multiple contexts in a professional manner. Branches to the Rescue You might have already guessed it: branches are what we need to solve these problems. Because a branch represents exactly such a context in a project and helps you keep it separate from all other contexts. All the changes you make at any time will only apply to the currently active branch; all other branches are left untouched. This gives you the freedom to both work on different things in parallel and, above all, to experiment - because you can't mess up! In case things go wrong you can always go back / undo / start fresh / switch contexts... Luckily, branches in Git are cheap & easy. There's no reason not to create a new branch when you start working on a new topic, no matter how big or small it might be. The Golden Rules of Version Control No. 3: Use Branches Extensively Branching is one of Git’s most powerful features – and this is not by accident: quick and easy branching was a central requirement from day one. Branches are the perfect tool to help you avoid mixing up different lines of development. You should use branches extensively in your development workflows: for new features, bug fixes, experiments, ideas… Working on Your Project Contents Working with Branches Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
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https://www.devcycle.com/features/feature-rollouts	Feature Rollouts \| DevCycle Product Solutions Resources Pricing Docs Book Demo Login Create Account Scheduled and Gradual Rollouts What are Feature Rollouts? Feature rollouts are when you can release new features to your users gradually. It allows you to ensure a good user experience before releasing the feature to a wider audience. Feature flags can be used to decide who gets access to a new feature. On the DevCycle dashboard, you can slowly roll out a feature to a certain percentage of your users. You also have the ability to determine which users it will be rolled out to based on factors such as location, device type and more. From there, you can measure the impact of a feature as it’s released to your user base. COMMON QUESTIONS When Should Controlled Releases Be Used In Rollouts? Controlled releases should always be used in rollouts. They help minimize risk by only showing it to a subset of your users and allow you to gather feedback on the feature you're releasing while ensuring it’s working as intended. There are two types of controlled rollouts: releasing a new feature to a certain percentage of customers or releasing it according to what they have in common, like location or IP address. For a percentage rollout, the development team starts with a small release to 1% of their customers. The team will now measure different CX metrics, such as whether the functionality seems to be working well and increasing customer satisfaction. If the release goes well, the team will then roll out to 10% of their customers and more as it continues to perform as expected. With releases based on common attributes, a team could release a feature to only Toronto, then to Canada, North America and then the rest of the world. You could also release a feature for beta testing to a small group of volunteers. The team can select beta testers using their unique user ID. This way, the new feature will only be released for certain users. This type of controlled rollout is often combined. A team might start by releasing to internal users by IP address. Then they might release it to the beta test group. Next they might release to 1% of the entire user base. And then they would continue the rollout to everyone. Execution How To Create A Percentage Rollout The most common way to implement a percentage rollout is by using feature flags. DevCycle's targeting capabilities to carry out controlled rollouts in a variety of ways. You can use feature flags to target your users based on any metric. This allows you to control the rollout of features for both controlled rollouts and other purposes including subscription models, paywalls, and unfinished features. Feature flags are a great way to make the process of targeting easier because they make rollback as simple as the click of a button. All you have to do is switch off the feature toggle, and your application is back to normal. This way, you can easily fix bugs without worrying about how they will impact users. START USING PERCENTAGE ROLLOUTS Create A Free Account With DevCycle DevCycle is a feature management tool that allows you to leverage feature flags to ship faster, reduce risk and maximize the impact of your canary release. By leveraging feature flags, you can increase your release cadence by minimizing release complexity. Through continuously deploying and testing in production, you can organize your feature flags in several environments with our APIs without needing to leave your workflow. Developers, product, and marketing teams can toggle a feature on or off in the DevCycle dashboard to control who has access. Your team can also predetermine a rollout schedule to specify which users have access to a new feature and at what date. This means you can create a predetermined rollout period for your release and let DevCycle gradually deploy it based on the rollout schedule your team set up. DevCycle also enables you to maximize the impact of your releases through zero latency experimentation build for developers. Iterate and optimize features with the ability to dynamically modify content in production without redeployments. Engineering teams can employ continuous integration and continuous delivery to keep up with the competition. This practice will allow for faster development cycles, as well as the ability to deploy new features without risk of errors. Practices like implementing percentage rollouts also help mitigate risk. Want to use feature flags to start using percentage rollouts and improve your software development workflow? Get started with a free trial of DevCycle. Footer DevCycle What are Feature Flags? OpenFeature Create a Free Account Request a Demo Pricing Resources Documentation SDKs APIs Integrations Blog Contact Support Company About Us Careers Terms of Service Security & Compliance Privacy Policy Contact Us Discord X GitHub LinkedIn Bluesky © 2026 DevCycle All rights reserved.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://stripe.com/en-fi/privacy	Chat with Stripe sales Privacy Policy Stripe logo Legal Stripe Privacy Policy & Privacy Center Privacy Policy Cookies Policy Data Privacy Framework Service Providers List Data Processing Agreement Supplier Data Processing Agreement Stripe Privacy Center Privacy Policy This Privacy Policy will be updated on January 16, 2026. Please review the upcoming changes here . Last updated: January 16, 2025 This Privacy Policy includes important information about your personal data and we encourage you to read it carefully. Welcome We provide financial infrastructure for the internet. Individuals and businesses of all sizes use our technology and services to facilitate purchases, accept payments, send payouts, and manage online businesses. This Privacy Policy (“Policy”) describes the Personal Data that we collect, how we use and share it, and details on how you can reach us with privacy-related inquiries. The Policy also outlines your rights and choices as a data subject, including the right to object to certain uses of your Personal Data. Depending on the activity, Stripe assumes the role of a “data controller” and/or “data processor” (or “service provider”). For more details about our privacy practices, including our role, the specific Stripe entity responsible under this Policy, and our legal bases for processing your Personal Data, please visit our Privacy Center . Defined Terms In this Policy, “Stripe”, “we”, “our,” or “us” refers to the Stripe entity responsible for the collection, use, and handling of Personal Data as described in this document. Depending on your jurisdiction, the specific Stripe entity accountable for your Personal Data might vary. Learn More . “Personal Data” refers to any information associated with an identified or identifiable individual, which can include data that you provide to us, and that we collect about you during your interaction with our Services (such as device information, IP address, etc.). “Services” refers to the products, services, devices, and applications, that we provide under the Stripe Services Agreement (“Business Services”) or the Stripe Consumer Terms of Service (“End User Services”); websites (“Sites”) like Stripe.com and Link.com; and other Stripe applications and online services. We provide Business Services to entities (“Business Users”). We provide End User Services directly to individuals for their personal use. “Financial Partners” are financial institutions, banks, and other partners such as payment method acquirers, payout providers, and card networks that we partner with to provide the Services. Depending on the context, “you” might be an End Customer, End User, Representative, or Visitor: End Users. When you use an End User Service, such as saving a payment method with Link, for personal use we refer to you as an “End User.” End Customers. When you are not directly transacting with Stripe, but we receive your Personal Data to provide Services to a Business User, including when you make a purchase from a Business User on a Stripe Checkout page or receive payments from a Business User, we refer to you as an “End Customer.” Representatives. When you are acting on behalf of an existing or potential Business User—perhaps as a company founder, account administrator for a Business User, or a recipient of an employee credit card from a Business User via Stripe Issuing—we refer to you as a “Representative.” Visitors. When you interact with Stripe by visiting a Site without being logged into a Stripe account, or when your interaction with Stripe does not involve you being an End User, End Customer, or Representative, we refer to you as a “Visitor.” For example, you are a Visitor when you send a message to Stripe asking for more information about our Services. In this Policy, “Transaction Data” refers to data collected and used by Stripe to facilitate transactions you request. Some Transaction Data is Personal Data and may include: your name, email address, contact number, billing and shipping address, payment method information (like credit or debit card number, bank account details, or payment card image chosen by you), merchant and location details, amount and date of purchase, and in some instances, information about what was purchased. 1. Personal Data that we collect and how we use and share it 2. More ways we collect, use and share Personal Data 3. Legal bases for processing data 4. Your rights and choices 5. Security and retention 6. International data transfers 7. Updates and notifications 8. Jurisdiction-specific provisions 9. Contact us 10. US Consumer Privacy Notice 1. Personal Data we collect and how we use and share it Our collection and use of Personal Data differs based on whether you are an End User, End Customer, Representative, or Visitor, and the specific Service that you are using. For example, if you're a sole proprietor who wants to use our Business Services, we may collect your Personal Data to onboard your business; at the same time, you might also be an End Customer if you've bought goods from another Business User that is using our Services for payment processing. You could also be an End User if you used our End User Service, such as Link, for those transactions. 1.1 End Users We provide End User Services when we provide the Services directly to you for your personal use (e.g., Link). Additional details regarding our collection, usage, and sharing of End User Personal Data, including the legal bases we rely on for processing such data, can be found in our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about End Users Using Link or Connecting your bank account . Stripe offers a service called "Link," which allows you to create an account and store information for future interactions with Stripe’s Services and Business Users. You may save a number of different kinds of Personal Data using Link. For instance, you may save your name, payment method details, contact information, and address to conveniently use saved information to pay for transactions across our Business Users. When you choose to pay with Link, we will also collect Transaction Data associated with your transactions. Learn More . You can also share and save bank account details to your Link account using Stripe’s Financial Connections product. When you use Financial Connections, Stripe will periodically collect and process your account information (such as bank account owner information, account balances, account number and details, account transactions, and, in some cases, log-in credentials). You can ask us to cease the collection of such data at any time. Learn More . You can also use your Link account to access services provided by Stripe’s partner businesses, such as Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services or crypto wallet services. In these situations, we will collect and share additional Personal Data with partner businesses to facilitate your use of such services. You can save this information to your Link account to access similar services in the future. We may also receive certain information about you from partner businesses in connection with the services they provide. Learn More . Finally, you can use Link to store your identity documents (such as your driver’s license) so that you can share them in future interactions with Stripe or its Business Users. Paying Stripe . When you purchase goods or services directly from Stripe, we receive your Transaction Data. For instance, when you make a payment to Stripe Climate, we collect information about the transaction, as well as your contact and payment method details. Identity/Verification Services . We offer an identity verification service that automates the comparison of your identity document (such as a driver’s license) with your image (such as a selfie). You can separately consent to us using your biometric data to enhance our verification technology, with the option to revoke your consent at any time. Learn More . More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about End Users, including about your online activity and your engagement with our End User Services, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of End Users Services . We use and share your Personal Data to provide the End User Services to you, which includes support, personalization (such as language preferences and setting choices), and communication about our End User Services (such as communicating Policy updates and information about our Services). For example, Stripe may use cookies and similar technologies or the data you provide to our Business Users (such as when you input your email address on a Business User’s website) to recognize you and help you use Link when visiting our Business User’s website. Learn more about how we use cookies and similar technologies in Stripe’s Cookie Policy . Our Business Users. When you use Link to make payments with our Business Users, we share your Personal Data, including name, contact information, payment method details, and Transaction Data with those Business Users. Learn More . You can also direct Stripe to share your saved bank account information and identity documents with Business Users you do business with. Once we share your Personal Data with Business Users, we may process that Personal Data as a Data Processor for those Business Users, as detailed in Section 1.2 of this Policy. You should consult the privacy policies of the Business Users’ you do business with for information on how they use the information shared with them. Fraud Detection and Loss Prevention . We use your Personal Data collected across our Services to detect fraud and prevent financial losses for you, us, and our Business Users and Financial Partners, including detecting unauthorized purchases. We may provide Business Users and Financial Partners, including those that use our fraud prevention-related Business Services (such as Stripe Radar), with Personal Data about you (including your attempted transactions) so that they can assess the fraud or loss risk associated with the transaction. Learn more about how we may use technology to assess the fraud risk associated with an attempted transaction and what information we share with Business Users and Financial Partners here and here . Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, we may use your Personal Data, including Transaction Data, to assess your eligibility for, and offer you, other End User Services or promote existing End User Services, including through co-marketing with partners such as Stripe Business Users. Learn more . Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we use and share End User Personal Data with third party partners to allow us to advertise our End User Services to you, including through interest-based advertising, and to track the efficacy of such ads. We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment, but we may provide your data to third-party partners, such as advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services to you. Learn more . More . For further information about ways we may use and share End Users' Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.2 End Customers Stripe provides various Business Services to our Business Users, which include processing in-person or online payments or payouts for those Business Users. When acting as a service provider—also referred to as a Data Processor—for a Business User, we process End Customer Personal Data in accordance with our agreement with the Business User and the Business User's lawful instructions. This happens, for example, when we process a payment for a Business User because you purchased a product from them, or when the Business User asks us to send you funds. Business Users are responsible for ensuring that the privacy rights of their End Customers are respected, including obtaining appropriate consents and making disclosures about their own data collection and use associated with their products and services. If you're an End Customer, please refer to the privacy policy of the Business User you're doing business with for its privacy practices, choices, and controls. We provide more comprehensive information about our collection, use, and sharing of End Customer Personal Data in our Privacy Center , including the legal bases we rely on for processing your Personal Data. a. Personal Data we collect about End Customers Transaction Data . If you're an End Customer making payments to, receiving refunds or payments from, initiating a purchase or donation, or otherwise transacting with our Business User, whether in-person or online, we receive your Transaction Data. We may also receive your transaction history with the Business User. Learn More . Additionally, we may collect information entered into a checkout form even if you opt not to complete the form or transaction with the Business User. Learn More . A Business User who uses Stripe’s Terminal Service to provide its goods or services to End Customers may use the Terminal Service to collect End Customer Personal Data (like your name, email, phone number, address, signature, or age) in accordance with its own privacy policy. Identity/Verification Information . Stripe provides a verification and fraud prevention Service that our Business Users can use to verify Personal Data about you, such as your authorization to use a particular payment method. During the process, you’d be asked to share with us certain Personal Data (like your government ID and selfie for biometric verification, Personal Data you input, or Personal Data that is apparent from the physical payment method like a credit card image). To protect against fraud and determine if somebody is trying to impersonate you, we may cross-verify this data with information about you that we've collected from Business Users, Financial Partners, business affiliates, identity verification services, publicly available sources, and other third party service providers and sources. Learn More . More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about End Customers, including about your online activity, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of End Customers To provide our Business Services to our Business Users, we use and share End Customers' Personal Data with them. Where allowed, we also use End Customers' Personal Data for Stripe’s own purposes such as enhancing security, improving and offering our Business Services, and preventing fraud, loss, and other damages, as described further below. Payment processing and accounting . We use your Transaction Data to deliver Payment-related Business Services to Business Users — including online payment transactions processing, sales tax calculation, and invoice, bill, and dispute handling — and to help them determine their revenue, settle their bills, and execute accounting tasks. Learn More . We may also use your Personal Data to provide and improve our Business Services. During payment transactions, your Personal Data is shared with various entities in connection with your transaction. As a service provider or data processor, we share Personal Data to enable transactions as directed by Business Users. For instance, when you choose a payment method for your transaction, we may share your Transaction Data with your bank or other payment method provider, including as necessary to authenticate you, Learn More , process your transaction, prevent fraud, and handle disputes. The Business User you choose to do business with also receives Transaction Data and might share the data with others. Please review your merchant’s, bank’s, and payment method provider’s privacy policies for more information about how they use and share your Personal Data. Financial services . Certain Business Users leverage our Services to offer financial services to you via Stripe or our Financial Partners. For example, a Business User may issue a card product with which you can purchase goods and services. Such cards could carry the brand of Stripe, the bank partner, and/or the Business User. In addition to any Transaction Data we may generate or receive when these cards are used for purchases, we also collect and use your Personal Data to provide and manage these products, including assisting our Business Users in preventing misuse of the cards. Please review the privacy policies of the Business User and, if applicable, our bank partners associated with the financial service (the brands of which may be shown on the card) for more information. Identity/Verification services . We use Personal Data about your identity to perform verification services for Stripe or for the Business Users that you are transacting with, to prevent fraud, and to enhance security. For these purposes we may use Personal Data you provide directly or Personal Data we obtain from our service providers, including for phone verification. Learn More . If you provide a selfie along with an image of your identity document, we may employ biometric technology to compare and calculate whether they match and verify your identity. Learn More . Fraud detection and loss prevention. We use your Personal Data collected across our Services to detect and prevent losses for you, us, our Business Users, and Financial Partners. We may provide Business Users and Financial Partners, including those using our fraud prevention-related Business Services, with your Personal Data (including your attempted transactions) to help them assess the fraud or loss risk associated with a transaction. Learn more about how we may use technology to assess the fraud risk associated with an attempted transaction and what information we share with Business Users and Financial Partners here and here . Our Business Users (and their authorized third parties). We share End Customers' Personal Data with their respective Business Users and parties directly authorized by those Business Users to receive such data. Here are common examples of such sharing: When a Business User instructs Stripe to provide another Business User with access to its Stripe account, including data related to its End Customers, via Stripe Connect. Sharing information that you have provided to us with a Business User so that we can send payments to you on behalf of that Business User. Sharing information, documents, or images provided by an End Customer with a Business User when the latter uses Stripe Identity, our identity verification Service, to verify the identity of the End Customer. The Business Users you choose to do business with may further share your Personal Data with third parties (like additional third party service providers other than Stripe). Please review the Business User’s privacy policy for more information. Advertising by Business Users . If you initiate a purchasing process with a Business User, the Business User receives your Personal Data from us in connection with our provision of Services even if you don't finish your purchase. The Business User may use your Personal Data to market and advertise their products or services, subject to the terms of their privacy policy. Please review the Business User’s privacy policy for more information, including your rights to stop their use of your Personal Data for marketing purposes. More . For further information about additional ways by which we may use and share End Customers' Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.3 Representatives We collect, use, and share Personal Data from Representatives of Business Users (for example, business owners) to provide our Business Services. For more information about how we collect, use, and share Personal Data from Representatives, as well as the legal bases we rely on for processing such Personal Data, please visit our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about Representatives Registration and contact information . When you register for a Stripe account for a Business User (including incorporation of a Business), we collect your name and login credentials. If you register for or attend an event organized by Stripe or sign up to receive Stripe communications, we collect your registration and profile data. As a Representative, we may collect your Personal Data from third parties, including data providers, to advertise, market, and communicate with you as detailed further in the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. We may also link a location with you to tailor the Services or information effectively to your needs. Learn More . Identification Information . As a current or potential Business User, an owner of a Business User, or a shareholder, officer, or director of a Business User, we need your contact details, such as name, postal address, telephone number, and email address, to fulfill our Financial Partner and regulatory requirements, verify your identity, and prevent fraudulent activities and harm to the Stripe platform. We collect your Personal Data, such as ownership interest in the Business User, date of birth, government-issued identity documents, and associated identifiers, as well as any history of fraud or misuse, directly from you and/or from publicly available sources, third parties such as credit bureaus and via the Services we provide. Learn More . You may also choose to provide us with bank account information. More . For further information about other types of Personal Data that we may collect about Representatives, including your online activity, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of Representatives We typically use the Personal Data of Representatives to provide the Business Services to the corresponding Business Users. The ways we use and share this data are further described below. Business Services . We use and share Representatives’ Personal Data with Business Users to provide the Services requested by you or the Business User you represent. In some instances, we may have to submit your Personal Data to a government entity to provide our Business Services, for purposes such as the incorporation of a business, or calculating and paying applicable sales tax. For our tax-related Business Services, we may use your Personal Data to prepare tax documents and file taxes on behalf of the Business User you represent. For our Atlas business incorporation Services, we may use your Personal Data to submit forms to the IRS on your behalf and file documents with other government authorities, such as articles of incorporation in your state of incorporation. We share Representatives’ Personal Data with parties authorized by the corresponding Business User, such as Financial Partners servicing a financial product, or third party apps or services the Business User chooses to use alongside our Business Services. Here are common examples of such sharing: Payment method providers, like Visa or WeChat Pay, require information about Business Users and their Representatives who accept their payment methods. This information is typically required during the onboarding process or for processing transactions and handling disputes for these Business Users. Learn More . A Business User may authorize Stripe to share your Personal Data with other Business Users to facilitate the provision of Services through Stripe Connect. The use of Personal Data by a third party authorized by a Business User is subject to the third party’s privacy policy. If you are a Business User who has chosen a name that includes Personal Data (for example, a sole proprietorship or family name in a company name), we will use and share such information for the provision of our Services in the same way we do with any company name. This may include, for example, displaying it on receipts and other transaction-identifying descriptions. Fraud detection and loss prevention . We use Representatives’ Personal Data to identify and manage risks that our Business Services might be used for fraudulent activities causing losses to Stripe, End Users, End Customers, Business Users, Financial Partners, and others. We also use information about you obtained from publicly available sources, third parties like credit bureaus and from our Services to address such risks, including to identify patterns of misuse and monitor for terms of service violations. Stripe may share Representatives' Personal Data with Business Users, our Financial Partners, and third party service providers, including phone verification providers, Learn More , to verify the information provided by you and identify risk indicators. Learn More . We also use and share Representatives' Personal Data to conduct due diligence, including conducting anti-money laundering and sanctions screening in accordance with applicable law. Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, and where required with your consent, we use and share Representatives’ Personal Data with third parties, including Partners , so we can advertise and market our Services and Partner integrations. Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we may advertise through interest-based advertising and track the efficacy of such ads. See our Cookie Policy . We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment. However, we may provide your data to third party partners, like advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services. Learn more . We may also use your Personal Data, including your Stripe account activity, to evaluate your eligibility for and offer you Business Services or promote existing Business Services. Learn more . More . For further information about additional ways by which we may use and share Representatives’ Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 1.4 Visitors We collect, use, and share the Personal Data of Visitors. More details about how we collect, use, and share Visitors’ Personal Data, along with the legal bases we rely on for processing such Personal Data, can be found in our Privacy Center . a. Personal Data we collect about Visitors When you browse our Sites, we receive your Personal Data, either provided directly by you or collected through our use of cookies and similar technologies. See our Cookie Policy for more information. If you opt to complete a form on the Site or third party websites where our advertisements are displayed (like LinkedIn or Facebook), we collect the information you included in the form. This may include your contact information and other information pertaining to your questions about our Services. We may also associate a location with your visit. Learn More . More . Further details about other types of Personal Data that we may collect from Visitors, including your online activity, can be found in the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. b. How we use and share Personal Data of Visitors Personalization . We use the data we collect about you using cookies and similar technologies to measure engagement with the content on the Sites, improve relevancy and navigation, customize your experience (such as language preference and region-specific content), and curate content about Stripe and our Services that's tailored to you. For instance, as not all of our Services are available globally, we may customize our responses based on your region. Advertising . Where permitted by applicable law, and where required with your consent, we use and share Visitors’ Personal Data with third parties, including Partners , so we can advertise and market our Services and Partner integrations. Subject to applicable law, including any consent requirements, we may advertise through interest-based advertising and track the efficacy of such ads. See our Cookie Policy . We do not transfer your Personal Data to third parties in exchange for payment, but we may provide your data to third party partners, like advertising partners, analytics providers, and social networks, who assist us in advertising our Services. Learn more . Engagement . As you interact with our Sites, we use the information we collect about and through your devices to provide opportunities for further interactions, such as discussions about Services or interactions with chatbots, to address your questions. More . For more information about additional ways we may use and share Visitors’ Personal Data, please see the More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data section below. 2. More ways we collect, use, and share Personal Data In addition to the ways described above, we also process your Personal Data as follows: a. Collection of Personal Data Online Activity . Depending on the Service used and how our Business Services are implemented by the Business Users, we may collect information related to: The devices and browsers you use across our Sites and third party websites, apps, and other online services (“Third Party Sites”). Usage data associated with those devices and browsers and your engagement with our Services, including data elements like IP address, plug-ins, language preference, time spent on Sites and Third Party Sites, pages visited, links clicked, payment methods used, and the pages that led you to our Sites and Third Party Sites. We also collect activity indicators, such as mouse activity indicators, to help us detect fraud. Learn More . See also our Cookie Policy . Communication and Engagement Information . We also collect information you choose to share with us through various channels, such as support tickets, emails, or social media. If you respond to emails or surveys from Stripe, we collect your email address, name, and any other data you opt to include in your email or responses. If you engage with us over the phone, we collect your phone number and any other information you might provide during the call. Calls with Stripe or Stripe representatives may be recorded. Learn More . Additionally, we collect your engagement data, like your registration for, attendance at, or viewing of Stripe events and any other interactions with Stripe personnel. Forums and Discussion Groups . If our Sites allow posting of content, we collect Personal Data that you provide in connection with the post. b. Use of Personal Data. Besides the use of Personal Data described above, we use Personal Data in the ways listed below: Analyzing, Improving, and Developing our Services . We collect and process Personal Data throughout our various Services, whether you are an End User, End Customer, Representative, or Visitor, to improve our Services, develop new Services, and support our efforts to make our Services more efficient, relevant, and useful to you. Learn More . We may use Personal Data to generate aggregate and statistical information to understand and explain how our Services are used. Examples of how we use Personal Data to analyze, improve, and develop our products and services include: Using analytics on our Sites, including as described in our Cookie Policy, to help us understand your use of our Sites and Services and diagnose technical issues. Training artificial intelligence models to power our Services and protect against fraud and other harm. Learn more . Analyzing and drawing inferences from Transaction Data to reduce costs, fraud, and disputes and increase authentication and authorization rates for Stripe and our Business Users. Communications . We use the contact information we have about you to deliver our Services, Learn More , which may involve sending codes via SMS for your authentication. Learn More . If you are an End User, Representative, or Visitor, we may communicate with you using the contact information we have about you to provide information about our Services and our affiliates’ services, invite you to participate in our events, surveys, or user research, or otherwise communicate with you for marketing purposes, in compliance with applicable law, including any consent or opt-out requirements. For example, when you provide your contact information to us or when we collect your business contact details through participation at trade shows or other events, we may use this data to follow up with you regarding an event, provide information requested about our Services, and include you in our marketing information campaigns. Where permitted under applicable law, we may record our calls with you to provide our Services, comply with our legal obligations, perform research and quality assurance, and for training purposes. Social Media and Promotions . If you opt to submit Personal Data to engage in an offer, program, or promotion, we use the Personal Data you provide to manage the offer, program, or promotion. We also use the Personal Data you provide, along with the Personal Data you make available on social media platforms, for marketing purposes, unless we are not permitted to do so. Fraud Prevention and Security . We collect and use Personal Data to help us identify and manage activities that could be fraudulent or harmful across our Services, enable our fraud detection Business Services, and secure our Services and transactions against unauthorized access, use, alteration or misappropriation of Personal Data, information, and funds. As part of the fraud prevention, detection, security monitoring, and compliance efforts for Stripe and its Business Users, we collect information from publicly available sources, third parties (such as credit bureaus), and via the Services we offer. In some instances, we may also collect information about you directly from you, or from our Business Users, Financial Partners, and other third parties for the same purposes. Furthermore, to protect our Services, we may receive details such as IP addresses and other identifying data about potential security threats from third parties. Learn More . Such information helps us verify identities, conduct credit checks where lawfully permitted, and prevent fraud. Additionally, we might use technology to evaluate the potential risk of fraud associated with individuals seeking to procure our Business Services or arising from attempted transactions by an End Customer or End User with our Business Users or Financial Partners. Compliance with Legal Obligations . We use Personal Data to meet our contractual and legal obligations related to anti-money laundering, Know-Your-Customer ("KYC") laws, anti-terrorism activities, safeguarding vulnerable customers, export control, and prohibition of doing business with restricted persons or in certain business fields, among other legal obligations. For example, we may monitor transaction patterns and other online signals and use those insights to identify fraud, money laundering, and other harmful activity that could affect Stripe, our Financial Partners, End Users, Business Users and others. Learn More . Safety, security, and compliance for our Services are key priorities for us, and collecting and using Personal Data is crucial to this effort. Minors . Our Services are not directed to children under the age of 13, and we request that they do not provide Personal Data to seek Services directly from Stripe. In certain jurisdictions, we may impose higher age limits as required by applicable law. c. Sharing of Personal Data. Besides the sharing of Personal Data described above, we share Personal Data in the ways listed below: Stripe Affiliates . We share Personal Data with other Stripe-affiliated entities for purposes identified in this Policy. Service Providers or Processors . In order to provide, communicate, market, analyze, and advertise our Services, we depend on service providers. These providers offer critical services such as providing cloud infrastructure, conducting analytics for the assessment of the speed, accuracy, and/or security of our Services, verifying identities, identifying potentially harmful activity, and providing customer service and audit functions. We authorize these service providers to use or disclose the Personal Data we make available to them to perform services on our behalf and to comply with relevant legal obligations. We require these service providers to contractually commit to security and confidentiality obligations for the Personal Data they process on our behalf. The majority of our service providers are based in the European Union, the United States of America, and India. Learn More . Financial Partners . We share Personal Data with certain Financial Partners to provide Services to Business Users and offer certain Services in conjunction with these Financial Partners. For instance, we may share certain Personal Data, such as payment processing volume, loan repayment data, and Representative contact information, with institutional investors and lenders who purchase loan receivables or provide financing related to Stripe Capital. Learn More . Others with Consent . In some situations, we may not offer a service, but instead refer you to others (like professional service firms that we partner with to deliver the Atlas Service). In these instances, we will disclose the identity of the third party and the information to be shared with them, and seek your consent to share the information. Corporate Transactions . If we enter or intend to enter a transaction that modifies the structure of our business, such as a reorganization, merger, sale, joint venture, assignment, transfer, change of control, or other disposition of all or part of our business, assets, or stock, we may share Personal Data with third parties in connection with such transaction. Any other entity that buys us or part of our business will have the right to continue to use your Personal Data, subject to the terms of this Policy. Compliance and Harm Prevention . We share Personal Data when we believe it is necessary to comply with applicable law; to abide by rules imposed by Financial Partners in connection with the use of their payment method; to enforce our contractual rights; to secure and protect the Services, rights, privacy, safety, and property of Stripe, you, and others, including against malicious or fraudulent activity; and to respond to valid legal requests from courts, law enforcement agencies, regulatory agencies, and other public and government authorities, which may include authorities outside your country of residence. 3. Legal bases for processing Personal Data For purposes of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and other applicable data protection laws, we rely on a number of legal bases to process your Personal Data. Learn More . For some jurisdictions, there may be additional legal bases, which are outlined in the Jurisdiction-Specific Provisions section below. a. Contractual and Pre-Contractual Business Relationships . We process Personal Data to enter into business relationships with prospective Business Users and End Users and fulfill our respective contractual obligations with them. These processing activities include: Creation and management of Stripe accounts and Stripe account credentials, including the assessment of applications to initiate or expand the use of our Services; Creation and management of Stripe Checkout accounts; Accounting, auditing, and billing activities; and Processing of payments and related activities, which include fraud detection, loss prevention, transaction optimization, communications about such payments, and related customer service activities. b. Legal Compliance . We process Personal Data to verify the identities of individuals and entities to comply with obligations related to fraud monitoring, prevention, and detection, laws associated with identifying and reporting illicit and illegal activities, such as those under the Anti-Money Laundering ("AML") and Know-Your-Customer (“KYC") regulations, and financial reporting obligations. For example, we may be required to record and verify a Business User’s identity to comply with regulations designed to prevent money laundering, fraud, and financial crimes. These legal obligations may require us to report our compliance to third parties and subject ourselves to third party verification audits. c. Legitimate Interests . Where permitted under applicable law, we rely on our legitimate business interests to process your Personal Data. The following list provides an example of the business purposes for which we have a legitimate interest in processing your data: Detection, monitoring, and prevention of fraud and unauthorized payment transactions; Mitigation of financial loss, claims, liabilities or other harm to End Customers, End Users, Business Users, Financial Partners, and Stripe; Determination of eligibility for and offering new Stripe Services ( Learn More ); Response to inquiries, delivery of Service notices, and provision of customer support; Promotion, analysis, modification, and improvement of our Services, systems, and tools, as well as the development of new products and services, including enhancing the reliability of the Services; Management, operation, and improvement of the performance of our Sites and Services, through understanding their effectiveness and optimizing our digital assets; Analysis and advertisement of our Services, and related improvements; Aggregate analysis and development of business intelligence that enable us to operate, protect, make informed decisions about, and report on the performance of our business; Sharing of Personal Data with third party service providers that offer services on our behalf and business partners that help us in operating and improving our business ( Learn More) ; Enabling network and information security throughout Stripe and our Services; and Sharing of Personal Data among our affiliates. d. Consent . We may rely on consent or explicit consent to collect and process Personal Data regarding our interactions with you and the provision of our Services such as Link, Financial Connections, Atlas, and Identity. When we process your Personal Data based on your consent, you have the right to withdraw your consent at any time, and such a withdrawal will not impact the legality of processing performed based on the consent prior to its withdrawal. e. Substantial Public Interest . We may process special categories of Personal Data, as defined by the GDPR, when such processing is necessary for reasons of substantial public interest and consistent with applicable law, such as when we conduct politically-exposed person checks. We may also process Personal Data related to criminal convictions and offenses when such processing is authorized by applicable law, such as when we conduct sanctions screening to comply with AML and KYC obligations. f. Other valid legal bases . We may process Personal Data further to other valid legal bases as recognized under applicable law in specific jurisdictions. See the Jurisdiction-specific provisions section below for more information. 4. Your rights and choices Depending on your location and subject to applicable law, you may have choices regarding our collection, use, and disclosure of your Personal Data: a. Opting out of receiving electronic communications from us If you wish to stop receiving marketing-related emails from us, you can opt-out by clicking the unsubscribe link included in such emails or as described here . We'll try to process your request(s) as quickly as reasonably practicable. However, it's important to note that even if you opt out of receiving marketing-related emails from us, we retain the right to communicate with you about the Services you receive (like support and important legal notices) and our Business Users might still send you messages or instruct us to send you messages on their behalf. b. Your data protection rights Depending on your location and subject to applicable law, you may have the following rights regarding the Personal Data we process about you as a data controller: The right to request confirmation of whether Stripe is processing Personal Data associated with you, the categories of personal data it has processed, and the third parties or categories of third parties with which your Personal Data is shared; The right to request access to the Personal Data Stripe processes about you ( Learn More ); The right to request that Stripe rectify or update your Personal Data if it's inaccurate, incomplete, or outdated; The right to request that Stripe erase your Personal Data in certain circumstances as provided by law ( Learn More ); The right to request that Stripe restrict the use of your Personal Data in certain circumstances, such as while Stripe is considering another request you've submitted (for instance, a request that Stripe update your Personal Data); The right to request that we export the Personal Data we hold about you to another company, provided it's technically feasible; The right to withdraw your consent if your Personal Data is being processed based on your previous consent; The right to object to the processing of your Personal Data if we are processing your data based on our legitimate interests; unless there are compelling legitimate grounds or the processing is necessary for legal reasons, we will cease processing your Personal Data upon receiving your objection ( Learn More ); The right not to be discriminated against for exercising these rights; and The right to appeal any decision by Stripe relating to your rights by contacting Stripe’s Data Protection Officer (“DPO”) at dpo@stripe.com , and/or relevant regulatory agencies. You may have additional rights, depending on applicable law, over your Personal Data. For example, see the Jurisdiction-specific provisions section under United States below. c. Process for exercising your data protection rights To exercise your data protection rights related to Personal Data we process as a data controller, visit our Privacy Center or contact us as outlined below. For Personal Data we process as a data processor, please reach out to the relevant data controller (Business User) to exercise your rights. If you contact us regarding your Personal Data we process as a data processor, we will refer you to the relevant data controller to the extent we are able to identify them. 5. Security and Retention We make reasonable efforts to provide a level of security appropriate to the risk associated with the processing of your Personal Data. We maintain organizational, technical, and administrative measures designed to protect the Personal Data covered by this Policy from unauthorized access, destruction, loss, alteration, or misuse. Learn More . Unfortunately, no data transmission or storage system can be guaranteed to be 100% secure. We encourage you to assist us in protecting your Personal Data. If you hold a Stripe account, you can do so by using a strong password, safeguarding your password against unauthorized use, and avoiding using identical login credentials you use for other services or accounts for your Stripe account. If you suspect that your interaction with us is no longer secure (for instance, you believe that your Stripe account's security has been compromised), please contact us immediately. We retain your Personal Data for as long as we continue to provide the Services to you or our Business Users, or for a period in which we reasonably foresee continuing to provide the Services. Even after we stop providing Services directly to you or to a Business User that you're doing business with, and even after you close your Stripe account or complete a transaction with a Business User, we may continue to retain your Personal Data to: Comply with our legal and regulatory obligations; Enable fraud monitoring, detection, and prevention activities; and Comply with our tax, accounting, and financial reporting obligations, including when such retention is required by our contractual agreements with our Financial Partners (and where data retention is mandated by the payment methods you've used). In cases where we keep your Personal Data, we do so in accordance with any limitation periods and record retention obligations imposed by applicable law. Learn More . 6. International Data Transfers As a global business, it's sometimes necessary for us to transfer your Personal Data to countries other than your own, including the United States. These countries might have data protection regulations that are different from those in your country. When transferring data across borders, we take measures to comply with applicable data protection laws related to such transfer. In certain situations, we may be required to disclose Personal Data in response to lawful requests from officials, such as law enforcement or security authorities. Learn More . If you are located in the European Economic Area (“EEA”), the United Kingdom ("UK"), or Switzerland, please refer to our Privacy Center for additional details. When a data transfer mechanism is mandated by applicable law, we employ one or more of the following: Transfers to certain countries or recipients that are recognized as having an adequate level of protection for Personal Data under applicable law. EU Standard Contractual Clauses approved by the Europe	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://nartc.me/	Chau Tran Chau Tran I am a developer who is highly interested in TypeScript. My tech stack has been full-stack TS such as Angular, React with TypeScript and NestJS. Blogs Uses About Me Bio RSS Feed © All rights reserved. AngularVietnam Built with Astro Mon Feb 24 2025 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Angular Content Projection Learn about content projection in Angular Tue Aug 06 2024 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Port a simple React Component to Angular Let's port a simple React component to Angular with me Thu Jun 20 2024 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Angular Object Inputs How to correctly provide object as inputs Sun May 19 2024 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Convert a vanilla THREE.js Angular application to Angular Three Convert Angular WebXR Art Sample, an Angular application with vanilla THREE.js, to Angular Three for a better DX to writing 3D with Angular Tue Dec 05 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Structural Directive - A different perspective This will change the way you think about Structural Directives in Angular Mon Oct 09 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular ngxtension createInjectionToken - Simplify Angular InjectionToken Explore how ngxtension's createInjectionToken simplifies Angular dependency injection and empowers your development workflow. Fri Sep 22 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular My favorite CIFs from Angular Three I've talked about CIFs a lot. What are some of my favorites from Angular Three ? Wed Sep 06 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Abstract inject() function the right way In this short post, we'll look at how we can create better custom inject functions Thu Aug 31 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Running a 3D Angular application in Astro via AnalogJS In this blog, I walk the readers through how to use angular-three in Astro application using AnalogJS Tue May 30 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular InjectionToken as a Service (hot take) I want to use InjectionToken for almost all my services Tue May 16 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Inputs Service While waiting on "Props Spreading", I start using this pattern to help with some composition problems I run into Sun Mar 12 2023 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> TypeScript TypeScript Mapped Union Type I'm not sure what to call this but it is a neat trick that will take your TypeScript level to the next level Tue Aug 23 2022 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular A closer look at SharedModule SharedModule is a common pattern in Angular. While providing some convenience for sharing code, it comes with a cost Mon Aug 01 2022 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Nx Easy Documentation with Docusaurus and Nx In this blog, we will explore the power and flexibility of Nx that allows us to integrate some of the most popular documentation solutions out there. Docusaurus is one of them. Tue May 17 2022 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Cleaner Abstract Constructors in Angular 14 Angular 14 comes with a subtle, yet powerful, change to the Dependency Injection system that might be a game-changer for many Angular developers Mon Dec 27 2021 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular The power of Angular Directive and Dependency Injection If you know how they work and what is available to you, you can create some powerful UI pieces in Angular Tue Aug 10 2021 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Introduction to NgRx Slice A plugin that provides the same functionalities as Redux Toolkit createSlice to NgRx consumers Sun Aug 01 2021 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Programming MacOS Dev Environment Setup 2021 My version of setting up a MacOS for Web Development in 2021 Fri Mar 19 2021 - {{ route.readingTime \| number: '1.0-0' }} {{ route.readingTime > 1 ? 'mins' : 'min' }} --> Angular Type-safe MatCellDef In this blog post, we will explore how we could provide strong-types for Template Variable in the MatCellDef	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.spreaker.com/user/14532324/s2e29-alfredo-perez-on-mexico-hobbits-ca	S2E29 \| Alfredo Perez on Mexico, Hobbits, & Career Growth Discover Your Library Search For Podcasters Your Podcasts Free Our Platform How Spreaker Works Podcasts App Spreaker Create New Prime Network Help { if (!hidden) { $refs.inputMobile.focus(); } }); if (isSearch && !query) { if (window.innerWidth Sign up Login Sign up For Podcasters Your Podcasts Free Settings Light Theme Dark Theme Our Platform How Spreaker Works Podcasts App Spreaker Create New Prime Network Help { if (this.toast) { this.toast = null; } }, timings[this.toast.type]); }, getClassType() { return { 'bg-neutral-700 dark:bg-neutral-100 text-white dark:text-neutral-950': this .toast?.type === 'default', 'bg-sky-700 text-white': this.toast?.type === 'info', 'bg-emerald-700 text-white': this.toast?.type === 'success', 'bg-red-800 text-white': this.toast?.type === 'error', 'bg-orange-400 text-neutral-950': this.toast?.type === 'warning' } } }" x-on:toast.window="showToast($event.detail)" x-show="toast" class="fixed left-0 right-0 z-10 md:left-[250px]" x-transition> Dev Life S2E29 \| Alfredo Perez on Mexico, Hobbits, & Career Growth Aug 15, 2022 · 1h 9s Loading Play Pause Add to queue In queue { SP.Utils.setDocumentShouldScroll(!opened); })"> Download Download and listen anywhere Download your favorite episodes and enjoy them, wherever you are! Sign up or log in now to access offline listening. Sign up to download { SP.Utils.setDocumentShouldScroll(!opened); })"> Embed Embed episode `; }, copyToClipboard() { this.copyStatus = 'DONE'; SP.Utils.copyToClipboard(this.getIframeCode()); setTimeout(() => { this.copyStatus = 'IDLE'; }, 2000); } }"> Dark Light Copy Done Looking to add a personal touch? Explore all the embedding options available in our developer's guide Share on X Share on Facebook Share on Bluesky Share on Whatsapp Share on Telegram Share on LinkedIn Description In this episode we talk with Alfredo Perez, a rising star in the community who shares his developer journey from his roots in Mexico to becoming a Staff UI Engineer,... show more In this episode we talk with Alfredo Perez, a rising star in the community who shares his developer journey from his roots in Mexico to becoming a Staff UI Engineer, a trusted coach and mentor, and becoming an accepted speaker at ng-conf. Alfredo shares some inspiring insights on topics like how to lower the barriers into tech for those from other countries & how companies and teams can work to improve the developer experience for entry level and more-seasoned developers alike. This episode is packed with great insights, advice, and, who knows, you might even encounter a hobbit or two along the way! LINKS: https://twitter.com/alfrodo_perez https://www.linkedin.com/in/alfredo-perez https://www.alfredo-perez.dev/ CONNECT WITH US: Alfredo Perez @alfrodo_perez Brooke Avery @JediBravery Erik Slack @erik_slack show less Comments Sign in to leave a comment Information Author Dev Life Podcast Organization Dev Life Podcast Website - Tags #alfredo #angular #career #dev #engineering #experience #frodo #growth #immigrant #javascript #job #journey #language #life #mexico #perez #programmer #typescript 🇬🇧 English 🇬🇧 English 🇮🇹 Italiano 🇪🇸 Espanõl 🇬🇧 English 🇬🇧 English 🇮🇹 Italiano 🇪🇸 Espanõl Terms Privacy {e.preventDefault(); showOneTrustPreferenceCenter();}" class="inline-flex items-center gap-2 hover:underline"> Your Privacy Choices Copyright 2026 - Spreaker Inc. an iHeartMedia Company { SP.Utils.setDocumentShouldScroll(!opened); })"> Playing Now Queue Looks like you don't have any active episode Browse Spreaker Catalogue to discover great new content Browse now Current Looks like you don't have any episodes in your queue Browse Spreaker Catalogue to discover great new content Browse now 1" class="mt-6"> Next Up Manage Done svg]:text-white"> Up Up Down Down Remove svg]:text-white"> It's so quiet here... Time to discover new episodes! Discover Your Library Search { SP.Utils.setDocumentShouldScroll(!opened); })"> Unlock Spreaker's full potential Sign up to keep listening, access your Library to pick up episodes right where you left off, and connect with your favorite creators. Experience the ultimate podcast listening on Spreaker! Sign up for free	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/forking	Forking \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Forking A fork is not a feature in Git, but rather a concept provided by several Git hosting services. It is commonly used for contributing to projects. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Forking In the world of open source, forking a project has traditionally meant that someone took the project’s current code base and used it as a basis for a separate, alternative project. In this context, the term “fork” carries some negative connotations, as forking a project can mean that the community of developers and users of the original project splits into two groups. In the world of Git, the meaning is similar but the connotations are different. While a fork can be used as a basis for a separate project, a fork is also often used to contribute to the original project. Furthermore, a fork can be used to include a project in your own codebase with some modifications, or just to play around with a project. The fact that the Ruby on Rails project has over 18,000 forks on GitHub at the time of writing doesn’t mean that there are 18,000 competing versions of Rails out there. A fork is not a built-in feature in Git itself, but rather a concept provided by several Git hosting services. Put simply, a fork of a repository is a copy of that repository, with all its code, branches and history, on the server. The fork will also “know” from which repository it has been forked. A fork can be thought of as a server-side clone of a repository, whatever the mechanism behind the fork really is. GitHub , Bitbucket and GitLab all offer forking functionality. Contributing to a Project Through a Fork As mentioned, a common use-case for a fork is to contribute to a project. While there are other ways to do this, like pushing directly to its repository or mailing patches around, a fork-based workflow is convenient as it allows you to use the familiar concepts of branches and remotes in Git without having write permissions in the original repository. Developers can fork the project and push code to their own forks instead of the original repository, while a maintainer is responsible for integrating the changes into the original repository. In this case, a pull request is often used to integrate the changes into the original repository. We’ll look at pull requests in the next chapter. For now, let’s look at creating a fork and cloning it locally in GitHub. Below, I’m looking at a repository in GitHub. To create a fork — my own copy — of this repository, I just press the “fork” button in the upper right of the screen. If I’m a member of some organizations, I get to choose where to fork the repository — I’m going to select my own user account. Now I have a fork of the original repository in my own GitHub account. To work with the code locally, I need to clone the repository just like I would clone any other repository. I’ve added my GitHub account to Tower, so by selecting this account in the services view, I get a list of my repositories on GitHub. Here, I just have to click “Clone” next to “my-project” to get a local clone of the repository: Now the code is available locally on my computer. I can now use it for whatever I intended (providing that the license of the original project allows my use-case, of course). As mentioned, one of these use-cases include contributing to the original project, the one that I forked initially. We’ll look at this in detail in the next chapter, but for now, let’s fix one thing to make things easier for us going forward. Note that my local repository currently has one remote named origin , which is pointing at the fork: Add Upstream Remote As I work away on my changes locally, it may be useful to incorporate changes done in the original project, especially if I plan to integrate my changes back there at some point. Some services allow you to sync your fork with the original repository in the service, which then allows you to pull down these changes from origin , your fork, locally. However, it’s also possible to pull down changes directly to your local repository from the original repository. By convention, the original repository is referred to as “upstream”, so let’s add a remote called upstream pointing at the original repository by selecting “Add New Remote” from the “Repository” menu in Tower (here I use the URL from the original repository on GitHub, not my fork): We now have two remotes: upstream , pointing at the original repository, and origin , pointing at our fork: We’re all set to take a look at pull requests and how they allow us to contribute changes back to the original repository. Submodules Contents Pull Requests Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/ssh-public-keys	Authentication with SSH Public Keys \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Authentication with SSH Public Keys SSH keys provide a secure way to authenticate with remote Git servers. This chapter explains how to generate and use them. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Authentication with SSH Public Keys Often, access to a remote Git repository on a server will be restricted: you probably don't want to allow anybody to read (or at least not write to) your files. In these cases, some kind of authentication is necessary. One possibility to authenticate uses the "HTTPS" protocol which you probably already know from your browser. Although this is very easy to use, a lot of system administrators use the also very common "SSH" protocol for various reasons. In this scenario, when it comes to authentication, you will most likely meet "SSH Public Keys". For this type of authentication, a two-part key is used: a public and a private one. The private key (as the name implies) must be kept absolutely private to you under all circumstances. Its public counterpart, in contrast, is supposed to be installed on all servers that you want to get access to. When a connection via SSH is trying to be established, the server will only grant access if it has a public key installed that matches the private key of the requesting computer. For the rest of this chapter, we'll work on the command line, in Mac OS' Terminal.app. Creating a Public Key Before creating a public key, you should check if you already have one: $ ls ~/.ssh If a file named "id_rsa.pub" or "id_dsa.pub" is listed, you already have a key. In this case, you can give this file to your server's administrator or (in case you're using a hosting service like GitHub or Beanstalk) upload it to your account. Otherwise, creating a key is just a matter of executing a single command: $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "john@example.com" With the "-t" flag, we demand an "RSA" type key, which is one of the newest and safest types. With the "-C" flag, we provide a comment which you can think of as a kind of description or label for this key. Using your email address, e.g., lets you identify it more easily later. After confirming this command, you'll be asked to: (1) Enter a name for this new key. Just hit RETURN to accept the default name and location. (2) Provide a passphrase. Although SSH public key authentication can be used safely without any password, you should nonetheless enter a strong passphrase to enhance security even further. $ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "john@example.com" Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/tobidobi/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /Users/tobidobi/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /Users/tobidobi/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 87:23:34:de:35:d0:f2:78:05:a4:78:1b:f1:6a:7e:be john@example.com The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ \| . = o \| \| ..o.. \| \| . o S . \| \| . . . o \| \| . + + . o \| \| . S = + o. \| \| . . + + . o \| \| o . \| \| o .\| \| .Eo\| +-----------------+ Now, two files will have been created for you: " id_rsa.pub " (your public key) and " id_rsa " (your private key). You'll find these in the ".ssh" folder inside your home directory (~./ssh/). If you take a look at the actual contents of your public key file, you'll see something like this: $ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAB3nZaC1aycAAEU+/ZdulUJoeuchOUU02/j18L7fo+ltQ0f322+Au/9yy9oaABBRCrHN/yo88BC0AB3nZaC1aycAAEU+/ZdulUJoeuchOUU02/j18L7fo+ltQ0f322AB3nZaC1aycAAEU+/ZdulUJoeuchOUU02/j18L7fo+ltQ0f322AB3nZaC1aycAAEU+/ZdulUJoeuchOUU02/j18L7fo+ltQ0f322AB3nZaC1aycAAEU+/ZdulUJoeuchOUU02/j18L7fo+ltQ0f322klCi0/aEBBc02N+JJP john@example.com It's this output that needs to be installed on the remote server you want to get access to. In case you have an own server for your team, you'll give this to your server's administrator. In case you're using a code hosting service like GitHub or Beanstalk, you'll have to upload this to your account. You have to copy the content of the public key file exactly as it is - no whitespace or the like is accepted. To make this as safe and easy as possible, you can use the following command to have this copied to your clipboard: $ pbcopy < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [on Mac] $ clip < ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [on Windows] Handling Large Files with LFS Contents Part 5 - Tools & Services Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/submodules	Submodules \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Submodules A "Submodule" is a standard Git repository that is nested inside a repository so that you can manage libraries and other resources separately. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Submodules Often in a project, you want to include libraries and other resources. The manual way is to simply download the necessary code files, copy them to your project, and commit the new files into your Git repository. While this is a valid approach, it's not the cleanest one. By casually throwing those library files into your project, we're inviting a couple of problems: This mixes external code with our own, unique project files. The library, actually, is a project of itself and should be kept separate from our work. There's no need to keep these files in the same version control context as our project. Should the library change (because bugs were fixed or new features added), we'll have a hard time updating the library code. Again, we need to download the raw files and replace the original items. Since these are quite common problems in everyday projects, Git of course offers a solution: Submodules. Repositories Inside Repositories A "Submodule" is just a standard Git repository. The only specialty is that it is nested inside a parent repository. In the common case of including a code library, you can simply add the library as a Submodule in your main project. A Submodule remains a fully functional Git repository: you can modify files, commit, pull, push, etc. from inside it like with any other repository. Let's see how to work with Submodules in practice. Adding a Submodule In our sample project, we want to add a little Javascript library called "ToProgress". We create a new "lib" folder to host this (and future) library code; and a new "ToProgress" folder inside. Clicking the little "+" button on the bottom left of the Tower window, we choose "Add Submodule...". In the dialog, we paste the remote URL of the library and choose our new and empty destination folder: Let's see what happened after confirming this dialog: (1) The command started a simple cloning process of the specified Git repository. (2) Of course, this is reflected in our file structure: our project now contains the library code in our "lib/ToProgress" directory. As you can see from the ".git" subfolder contained herein, this is a fully-featured Git repository. Concept It's important to understand that the actual contents of a Submodule are NOT stored in its parent repository. Only its remote URL, the local path inside the main project and the checked out revision are stored by the main repository. Of course, the Submodule's working files are placed inside the specified directory in your project - in the end, you want to use the library's files! But they are not part of the parent project's version control contents. (3) A new ".gitmodules" file was created. This is where Git keeps track of our Submodules and their configuration: [submodule "lib/ToProgress"] path = lib/ToProgress url = https://github.com/djyde/ToProgress In case you're interested in the inner workings of Git: besides the ".gitmodules" configuration file, Git also keeps record of the Submodule in your local ".git/config" file. Finally, it also keeps a copy of each Submodule's .git repository in its internal ".git/modules" folder. Concept Git's internal management of Submodules are quite complex (as you can already guess from all the .gitmodules, .git/config, and .git/modules entries...). Therefore, it's highly recommended not to mess with configuration files and values manually. Please do yourself a favor and always use manage Submodules through Tower. Let's have a look at our project's status: Git regards adding a Submodule as a modification like any other - and requests you to commit it to the repository. After that, we have successfully added a Submodule to our main project! Before we look at a couple of use cases, let's see how you can clone a project that already has Submodules added. Cloning a Project with Submodules You already know that a project repository does not contain its Submodules' files; the parent repository only saves the Submodules' configurations as part of version control. This shows when you clone a project that contains Submodules: by default, Git only downloads the project itself. Our "lib" folder, however, would stay empty. You have two options to end up with a populated "lib" folder (or wherever else you choose to save your Submodules; "lib" is just an example): (a) You can check the "Initialize Submodules" option in the "Clone Remote Repository" dialog in Tower; this tells Tower to also initialize all Submodules when the cloning is finished. (b) If you haven't used this option, you need to initialize the Submodules afterwards: in Tower's sidebar, right-click the Submodule items and choose the "Initialize" option. Checking Out a Revision A Git repository can have countless committed versions, but only one version's files can be in your working directory. Therefore, like with any Git repository, you have to decide which revision of your Submodule shall be checked out . Concept Unlike normal Git repositories, Submodules always point to a specific commit - not a branch. This is because the contents of a branch can change over time, as new commits arrive. Pointing at a specific revision, on the other hand, guarantees that the correct code is always present. Let's say we want to have an older version of our "ToProgress" library in our project. First, we'll have a look at the library's commit history. Simply double-click the Submodule item in Tower's sidebar. This opens it for working in Tower; any actions you perform now will happen in the context of the Submodule, not its parent repository. Now, in the log output, we spot a commit that is tagged "0.1.1": This is the version we want to have in our project. To start with, we can simply check out this commit. Right-click it in the list and select "Check Out 3557a0e0". Let's see what our parent repository thinks about all this. Simply select it in the navigation bar below the button toolbar to return to the main project. On the right, we see that the Subproject is now checked out at the commit we've just chosen. This makes sense - since we just changed the checked out revision to the commit tagged "0.1.1". In the "Status" list in the middle column, we see that Git regards moving the Submodule's pointer as a change like any other. We need to commit this to the repository in order to make it official. Updating a Submodule with a Moved Pointer We just saw how to check out a Submodule at a specific revision. But what if one of our teammates does this in our project? Let's say we integrate his changes (through pull, merge, or rebase for example) after he has moved the Submodule pointer to a different revision. Now, after completing the "pull" operation, Tower detects that the Submodule pointer was moved - the version we currently have checked out in our project is not the one that is "officially" committed. If you choose to let Tower automatically update, it does the heavy lifting for you in the background. "Update", when referring to Submodules, means that Git checks out the Submodule revision that is currently committed in the parent repository. We now have the same version of the Submodule checked out that our teammate had committed to the repository. Checking for New Changes in the Submodule Normally, you don't want library code to change very often: you'll want to use a version of the Submodule that you've tested and which you know works flawlessly with your own code. However, one of the best things about Submodules is that you can easily keep up with new releases (or minor new improvements). Let's see if there's new code available in the Submodule: simply double-click the Submodule item in the sidebar to open it in Tower and perform a "Fetch". It seems we're lucky because the Fetch reveals a new commit on "origin/master": Concept Before we go ahead and integrate these changes, I'd like to stress an important point once more. When looking at the BRANCHES section in Tower's sidebar, you see that the Submodule repository is currently checked out a specific commit - not a branch! This is what's called a detached HEAD in Git. Normally, in Git, you always have a certain branch checked out. However, you can also choose to check out a specific commit (one that is not the tip of a branch). This is a rather rare case in Git and should normally be avoided. However, when working with Submodules, it is the normal state to have a certain commit (and not a branch) checked out. You want to make sure you have an exact, static commit checked out in your project - not a branch which, by its nature, moves on with newer commits. Now, let's check out our Submodule at this new commit. In this case, you can simply perform a "pull" from "origin/master" to make this commit your new HEAD. We're done working in our Submodule; let's move back into our main project by selecting it in the navigation bar breadcrumb. Since we've just moved the Submodule pointer to a different revision, we need to commit this change to the main repository to make it official. Working in a Submodule In some cases, you might want to make some custom changes to a Submodule. You've already seen that working in a Submodule is like working in any other Git repository: any Git commands that you perform inside a Submodule are executed in the context of that sub-repository. Let's say you want to change a tiny bit in a Submodule; you make your changes in the corresponding files, add them to the staging area and commit them. This might already be the first banana skin: you should make sure you currently have a branch checked out in the Submodule before you commit. That's because if you're in a detached HEAD situation, your commit will easily get lost: it's not attached to any branch and will be gone as soon as you check out anything else. Apart from that, everything else you've already learned still applies: in the main project, Tower will tell you that the Submodule pointer was moved and that you'll have to commit the move. By the way: in case you have uncommitted local changes inside a Submodule, Tower will also tell you in the main project. A badge next to the Submodule in the sidebar and a description text in its detail view help you stay on top of things: Make sure to always keep a clean state in your Submodules. Deleting a Submodule Rather seldomly will you want to remove a Submodule from your project. But if you really want to do this, please don't do this manually: trying to mess with all the configuration files in a correct way will almost inevitably cause problems. Simply right-click the Submodule in the sidedbar and choose "Delete". This will allow you to have both the configuration and the actual Submodule files removed. As with any change you'll have to commit the removal to record it in the repository. Rebase Contents Forking Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/remote-repositories/integrating-remote-changes	Integrating Remote Changes \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Integrating Remote Changes To keep your local repository up to date with the remote, you need to integrate remote changes. This chapter explains how to do that. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Integrating Remote Changes Sooner or later, one of your teammates will probably also share his changes on your common remote repository. Before integrating these changes into your local working copy, you might first want to inspect them. Inspecting & Preparing By default, Tower fetches from your remote repositories in the background automatically in fixed intervals. In case you deactivated this or want to perform a fetch explicitly, simply use the "Fetch" button in Tower's toolbar. You can see that you have outstanding commits on the remote repository from the badges in the sidebar: if a branch has unpulled or unpushed commits (in relation to its tracked remote counterpart branch), Tower will show a badge next to the branch: You can then select the branch in the sidebar to inspect its detailed history. Tower marks the commits that you haven't pulled, yet, with a little arrow in the upper right corner. Integrating Changes If you decide you want to integrate these changes into your working copy, the "pull" command is what you need. Simply click the "Pull" button in Tower's toolbar. The correct remote & remote branch should already be preselected, thanks to the tracking connection. This command downloads new commits from the remote and directly integrates them into your working copy. It's actually a "fetch" command (which only downloads data) and a "merge" command (which integrates this data into your working copy) combined. Inspecting Remote Data Contents Publishing a Local Branch Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/branching-merging/stashing	Saving Changes Temporarily \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Saving Changes Temporarily A commit permanently saves changes in a repository. But what if you only want to save your changes temporarily? This is where stashes come in handy. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Saving Changes Temporarily A commit wraps up changes and saves them permanently in the repository. However, in your day-to-day work, there are a lot of situations where you only want to save your local changes temporarily . For example, imagine you're in the middle of some changes for feature X when an important bug report comes in. Your local changes don't belong to the bugfix you're going to make. You have to get rid of them (temporarily, without losing them!) and continue working on them later. Situations like this one happen all the time: you have some local changes in your working copy that you can't commit right now - and you want or need to start working on something else. To get these changes out of your way and have a "clean" working copy, Git's "Stash" feature comes in handy. Concept The Stash Think of the Stash as a clipboard on steroids: it takes all the changes in your working copy and saves them for you on a new clipboard. You're left with a clean working copy, i.e. you have no more local changes. Later, at any time, you can restore the changes from that clipboard in your working copy - and continue working where you left off. You can create as many Stashes as you want - you're not limited to storing only one set of changes. Also, a Stash is not bound to the branch where you created it: when you restore it, the changes will be applied to your current HEAD branch, whichever this may be. Let's stash away our local changes so we have a clean working copy before starting to work on our new feature: click the "Save Stash" button in Tower and (optionally) enter a short description so you'll later understand these changes. The local changes in "icon.png" are now safely stored on a clipboard, ready to be restored any time we want to continue working on them. You can easily get an overview of your current Stashes by clicking the "Stashes" item in Tower's sidebar: When you're ready to restore a saved Stash, you can click the "Apply Stash" button in the toolbar and select the appropriate item from the list. Concept When to Stash Stashing helps you get a clean working copy. While this can be helpful in many situations, it's strongly recommended... ...before checking out a different branch. ...before pulling remote changes. ...before merging or rebasing a branch. Finally, it's time to get our hands dirty with our new feature! Working with Branches Contents Checking Out a Branch Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.devcycle.com/features/realtime-updates	Realtime Updates \| DevCycle Product Solutions Resources Pricing Docs Book Demo Login Create Account See Feature Changes in Real Time Realtime Updates enable the ability to instantly modify features without requiring users to refresh a page or restart an application. Features can be launched, modified, or disabled instantaneously. Explore Docs Create Account Instant feature updates, no user actions required Seamless User Experiences With Realtime Updates, your users never have to refresh a page, restart, or update an application to start using a new feature. Faster Development Time Realtime Updates allow for a much faster development time. Gone are the days when extra compilation is needed from your team to test out various variable values. Instant Feature Updates for Users Realtime Updates deliver any changes, modifications or feature upgrades to users immediately – even if an application or website is open at the time of the change. Feature Failure Mitigation In the event of a broken or failing feature, Realtime Updates enable DevCycle's kill switch to turn it off on instantly without user action – mitigating poor user experience. Realtime Feature Updates Instantly Update Features Changes to your app or page are instant with Realtime Updates. All users, even those on long-running devices, always have the most up-to-date experience, without needing to update or restart apps, or refresh pages. Quick fixes for risk mitigation Squash Buggy Features If a feature isn't working right, activate DevCycle's Kill Switch while you work on a fix, and realtime Updates will ensure users receive a stable version of your feature without reloading the page or app. DevCycle allows you to separate deployment from releases so you can resolve issues faster and re-enable features whenever they're ready. Fast Deployment Faster Development and Testing Speed up development and QA testing by modifying variables in DevCycle while testing a feature and see updates in realtime. Footer DevCycle What are Feature Flags? OpenFeature Create a Free Account Request a Demo Pricing Resources Documentation SDKs APIs Integrations Blog Contact Support Company About Us Careers Terms of Service Security & Compliance Privacy Policy Contact Us Discord X GitHub LinkedIn Bluesky © 2026 DevCycle All rights reserved.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Operators/Spread_syntax	Spread syntax (...) - JavaScript \| MDN Skip to main content Skip to search MDN HTML HTML: Markup language HTML reference Elements Global attributes Attributes See all… HTML guides Responsive images HTML cheatsheet Date & time formats See all… Markup languages SVG MathML XML CSS CSS: Styling language CSS reference Properties Selectors At-rules Values See all… CSS guides Box model Animations Flexbox Colors See all… Layout cookbook Column layouts Centering an element Card component See all… JavaScript JS JavaScript: Scripting language JS reference Standard built-in objects Expressions & operators Statements & declarations Functions See all… JS guides Control flow & error handing Loops and iteration Working with objects Using classes See all… Web APIs Web APIs: Programming interfaces Web API reference File system API Fetch API Geolocation API HTML DOM API Push API Service worker API See all… Web API guides Using the Web animation API Using the Fetch API Working with the History API Using the Web speech API Using web workers All All web technology Technologies Accessibility HTTP URI Web extensions WebAssembly WebDriver See all… Topics Media Performance Privacy Security Progressive web apps Learn Learn web development Frontend developer course Getting started modules Core modules MDN Curriculum Learn HTML Structuring content with HTML module Learn CSS CSS styling basics module CSS layout module Learn JavaScript Dynamic scripting with JavaScript module Tools Discover our tools Playground HTTP Observatory Border-image generator Border-radius generator Box-shadow generator Color format converter Color mixer Shape generator About Get to know MDN better About MDN Advertise with us Community MDN on GitHub Blog Toggle sidebar Web JavaScript Reference Expressions and operators Spread syntax (...) Theme OS default Light Dark English (US) Remember language Learn more Deutsch English (US) Español Français 日本語 한국어 Português (do Brasil) Русский 中文 (简体) Spread syntax (...) Baseline Widely available This feature is well established and works across many devices and browser versions. It’s been available across browsers since ⁨October 2015⁩. Learn more See full compatibility Report feedback The spread ( ... ) syntax allows an iterable, such as an array or string, to be expanded in places where zero or more arguments (for function calls) or elements (for array literals) are expected. In an object literal, the spread syntax enumerates the properties of an object and adds the key-value pairs to the object being created. Spread syntax looks exactly like rest syntax. In a way, spread syntax is the opposite of rest syntax. Spread syntax "expands" an array into its elements, while rest syntax collects multiple elements and "condenses" them into a single element. See rest parameters and rest property . In this article Try it Syntax Description Examples Specifications Browser compatibility See also Try it function sum(x, y, z) { return x + y + z; } const numbers = [1, 2, 3]; console.log(sum(...numbers)); // Expected output: 6 console.log(sum.apply(null, numbers)); // Expected output: 6 Syntax js myFunction(a, ...iterableObj, b) [1, ...iterableObj, '4', 'five', 6] { ...obj, key: 'value' } Description Spread syntax can be used when all elements from an object or array need to be included in a new array or object, or should be applied one-by-one in a function call's arguments list. There are three distinct places that accept the spread syntax: Function arguments list ( myFunction(a, ...iterableObj, b) ) Array literals ( [1, ...iterableObj, '4', 'five', 6] ) Object literals ( { ...obj, key: 'value' } ) Although the syntax looks the same, they come with slightly different semantics. Only iterable values, like Array and String , can be spread in array literals and argument lists. Many objects are not iterable, including all plain objects that lack a Symbol.iterator method: js const obj = { key1: "value1" }; const array = [...obj]; // TypeError: obj is not iterable On the other hand, spreading in object literals enumerates the own properties of the value. For typical arrays, all indices are enumerable own properties, so arrays can be spread into objects. js const array = [1, 2, 3]; const obj = { ...array }; // { 0: 1, 1: 2, 2: 3 } All primitives can be spread in objects. Only strings have enumerable own properties, and spreading anything else doesn't create properties on the new object. js const obj = { ...true, ..."test", ...10 }; // { '0': 't', '1': 'e', '2': 's', '3': 't' } When using spread syntax for function calls, be aware of the possibility of exceeding the JavaScript engine's argument length limit. See Function.prototype.apply() for more details. Examples Spread in function calls Replace apply() It is common to use Function.prototype.apply() in cases where you want to use the elements of an array as arguments to a function. js function myFunction(x, y, z) {} const args = [0, 1, 2]; myFunction.apply(null, args); With spread syntax the above can be written as: js function myFunction(x, y, z) {} const args = [0, 1, 2]; myFunction(...args); Any argument in the argument list can use spread syntax, and the spread syntax can be used multiple times. js function myFunction(v, w, x, y, z) {} const args = [0, 1]; myFunction(-1, ...args, 2, ...[3]); Apply for new operator When calling a constructor with new , it's not possible to directly use an array and apply() , because apply() calls the target function instead of constructing it, which means, among other things, that new.target will be undefined . However, an array can be easily used with new thanks to spread syntax: js const dateFields = [1970, 0, 1]; // 1 Jan 1970 const d = new Date(...dateFields); Spread in array literals A more powerful array literal Without spread syntax, the array literal syntax is no longer sufficient to create a new array using an existing array as one part of it. Instead, imperative code must be used using a combination of methods, including push() , splice() , concat() , etc. With spread syntax, this becomes much more succinct: js const parts = ["shoulders", "knees"]; const lyrics = ["head", ...parts, "and", "toes"]; // ["head", "shoulders", "knees", "and", "toes"] Just like spread for argument lists, ... can be used anywhere in the array literal, and may be used more than once. Copying an array You can use spread syntax to make a shallow copy of an array. Each array element retains its identity without getting copied. js const arr = [1, 2, 3]; const arr2 = [...arr]; // like arr.slice() arr2.push(4); // arr2 becomes [1, 2, 3, 4] // arr remains unaffected Spread syntax effectively goes one level deep while copying an array. Therefore, it may be unsuitable for copying multidimensional arrays. The same is true with Object.assign() — no native operation in JavaScript does a deep clone. The web API method structuredClone() allows deep copying values of certain supported types . See shallow copy for more details. js const a = [[1], [2], [3]]; const b = [...a]; b.shift().shift(); // 1 // Oh no! Now array 'a' is affected as well: console.log(a); // [[], [2], [3]] A better way to concatenate arrays Array.prototype.concat() is often used to concatenate an array to the end of an existing array. Without spread syntax, this is done as: js let arr1 = [0, 1, 2]; const arr2 = [3, 4, 5]; // Append all items from arr2 onto arr1 arr1 = arr1.concat(arr2); With spread syntax this becomes: js let arr1 = [0, 1, 2]; const arr2 = [3, 4, 5]; arr1 = [...arr1, ...arr2]; // arr1 is now [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5] Array.prototype.unshift() is often used to insert an array of values at the start of an existing array. Without spread syntax, this is done as: js const arr1 = [0, 1, 2]; const arr2 = [3, 4, 5]; // Prepend all items from arr2 onto arr1 Array.prototype.unshift.apply(arr1, arr2); console.log(arr1); // [3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 2] With spread syntax, this becomes: js let arr1 = [0, 1, 2]; const arr2 = [3, 4, 5]; arr1 = [...arr2, ...arr1]; console.log(arr1); // [3, 4, 5, 0, 1, 2] Note: Unlike unshift() , this creates a new arr1 , instead of modifying the original arr1 array in-place. Conditionally adding values to an array You can make an element present or absent in an array literal, depending on a condition, using a conditional operator . js const isSummer = false; const fruits = ["apple", "banana", ...(isSummer ? ["watermelon"] : [])]; // ['apple', 'banana'] When the condition is false , we spread an empty array, so that nothing gets added to the final array. Note that this is different from the following: js const fruits = ["apple", "banana", isSummer ? "watermelon" : undefined]; // ['apple', 'banana', undefined] In this case, an extra undefined element is added when isSummer is false , and this element will be visited by methods such as Array.prototype.map() . Spread in object literals Copying and merging objects You can use spread syntax to merge multiple objects into one new object. js const obj1 = { foo: "bar", x: 42 }; const obj2 = { bar: "baz", y: 13 }; const mergedObj = { ...obj1, ...obj2 }; // { foo: "bar", x: 42, bar: "baz", y: 13 } A single spread creates a shallow copy of the original object (but without non-enumerable properties and without copying the prototype), similar to copying an array . js const clonedObj = { ...obj1 }; // { foo: "bar", x: 42 } Overriding properties When one object is spread into another object, or when multiple objects are spread into one object, and properties with identical names are encountered, the property takes the last value assigned while remaining in the position it was originally set. js const obj1 = { foo: "bar", x: 42 }; const obj2 = { foo: "baz", y: 13 }; const mergedObj = { x: 41, ...obj1, ...obj2, y: 9 }; // { x: 42, foo: "baz", y: 9 } Conditionally adding properties to an object You can make an element present or absent in an object literal, depending on a condition, using a conditional operator . js const isSummer = false; const fruits = { apple: 10, banana: 5, ...(isSummer ? { watermelon: 30 } : {}), }; // { apple: 10, banana: 5 } The case where the condition is false is an empty object, so that nothing gets spread into the final object. Note that this is different from the following: js const fruits = { apple: 10, banana: 5, watermelon: isSummer ? 30 : undefined, }; // { apple: 10, banana: 5, watermelon: undefined } In this case, the watermelon property is always present and will be visited by methods such as Object.keys() . Because primitives can be spread into objects as well, and from the observation that all falsy values do not have enumerable properties, you can simply use a logical AND operator: js const isSummer = false; const fruits = { apple: 10, banana: 5, ...(isSummer && { watermelon: 30 }), }; In this case, if isSummer is any falsy value, no property will be created on the fruits object. Comparing with Object.assign() Note that Object.assign() can be used to mutate an object, whereas spread syntax can't. js const obj1 = { foo: "bar", x: 42 }; Object.assign(obj1, { x: 1337 }); console.log(obj1); // { foo: "bar", x: 1337 } In addition, Object.assign() triggers setters on the target object, whereas spread syntax does not. js const objectAssign = Object.assign( { set foo(val) { console.log(val); }, }, { foo: 1 }, ); // Logs "1"; objectAssign.foo is still the original setter const spread = { set foo(val) { console.log(val); }, ...{ foo: 1 }, }; // Nothing is logged; spread.foo is 1 You cannot naively re-implement the Object.assign() function through a single spreading: js const obj1 = { foo: "bar", x: 42 }; const obj2 = { foo: "baz", y: 13 }; const merge = (...objects) => ({ ...objects }); const mergedObj1 = merge(obj1, obj2); // { 0: { foo: 'bar', x: 42 }, 1: { foo: 'baz', y: 13 } } const mergedObj2 = merge({}, obj1, obj2); // { 0: {}, 1: { foo: 'bar', x: 42 }, 2: { foo: 'baz', y: 13 } } In the above example, the spread syntax does not work as one might expect: it spreads an array of arguments into the object literal, due to the rest parameter. Here is an implementation of merge using the spread syntax, whose behavior is similar to Object.assign() , except that it doesn't trigger setters, nor mutates any object: js const obj1 = { foo: "bar", x: 42 }; const obj2 = { foo: "baz", y: 13 }; const merge = (...objects) => objects.reduce((acc, cur) => ({ ...acc, ...cur })); const mergedObj = merge(obj1, obj2); // { foo: 'baz', x: 42, y: 13 } Specifications Specification ECMAScript® 2026 Language Specification # prod-SpreadElement ECMAScript® 2026 Language Specification # prod-ArgumentList ECMAScript® 2026 Language Specification # prod-PropertyDefinition Browser compatibility Enable JavaScript to view this browser compatibility table. See also Rest parameters Rest property Function.prototype.apply() Help improve MDN Was this page helpful to you? Yes No Learn how to contribute This page was last modified on ⁨Jul 20, 2025⁩ by MDN contributors . 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SyntaxError: octal escape sequences can't be used in untagged template literals or in strict mode code SyntaxError: parameter after rest parameter SyntaxError: private fields can't be deleted SyntaxError: property name __proto__ appears more than once in object literal SyntaxError: raw bracket is not allowed in regular expression with unicode flag SyntaxError: redeclaration of formal parameter "x" SyntaxError: reference to undeclared private field or method #x SyntaxError: rest parameter may not have a default SyntaxError: return not in function SyntaxError: setter functions must have one argument SyntaxError: string literal contains an unescaped line break SyntaxError: super() is only valid in derived class constructors SyntaxError: tagged template cannot be used with optional chain SyntaxError: Unexpected '#' used outside of class body SyntaxError: Unexpected token SyntaxError: unlabeled break must be inside loop or switch SyntaxError: unparenthesized unary expression can't appear on the left-hand side of '*' SyntaxError: use of super property/member accesses only valid within methods or eval code within methods SyntaxError: Using //@ to indicate sourceURL pragmas is deprecated. Use //# instead TypeError: 'caller', 'callee', and 'arguments' properties may not be accessed TypeError: 'x' is not iterable TypeError: "x" is (not) "y" TypeError: "x" is not a constructor TypeError: "x" is not a function TypeError: "x" is not a non-null object TypeError: "x" is read-only TypeError: already executing generator TypeError: BigInt value can't be serialized in JSON TypeError: calling a builtin X constructor without new is forbidden TypeError: can't access/set private field or method: object is not the right class TypeError: can't assign to property "x" on "y": not an object TypeError: can't convert BigInt to number TypeError: can't convert x to BigInt TypeError: can't define property "x": "obj" is not extensible TypeError: can't delete non-configurable array element TypeError: can't redefine non-configurable property "x" TypeError: can't set prototype of this object TypeError: can't set prototype: it would cause a prototype chain cycle TypeError: cannot use 'in' operator to search for 'x' in 'y' TypeError: class constructors must be invoked with 'new' TypeError: cyclic object value TypeError: derived class constructor returned invalid value x TypeError: getting private setter-only property TypeError: Initializing an object twice is an error with private fields/methods TypeError: invalid 'instanceof' operand 'x' TypeError: invalid Array.prototype.sort argument TypeError: invalid assignment to const "x" TypeError: Iterator/AsyncIterator constructor can't be used directly TypeError: matchAll/replaceAll must be called with a global RegExp TypeError: More arguments needed TypeError: null/undefined has no properties TypeError: property "x" is non-configurable and can't be deleted TypeError: Reduce of empty array with no initial value TypeError: setting getter-only property "x" TypeError: WeakSet key/WeakMap value 'x' must be an object or an unregistered symbol TypeError: X.prototype.y called on incompatible type URIError: malformed URI sequence Warning: -file- is being assigned a //# sourceMappingURL, but already has one Warning: unreachable code after return statement Misc JavaScript technologies overview Execution model Lexical grammar Iteration protocols Strict mode Template literals Trailing commas Deprecated features Your blueprint for a better internet. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/advanced-topics/pull-requests	Pull Requests \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Pull Requests A pull request is a mechanism for submitting changes to a repository. It allows for code review and discussion before the changes are merged. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Pull Requests Just like forking, pull requests are a convention provided by Git hosting services, rather than a feature in Git itself. While there is a command git request-pull , this is a different thing. GitHub and Bitbucket provide a pull request feature, while GitLab refers to a similar feature as “merge requests”. A pull request is a way to ask for the changes in one branch (or any commit, really) to be integrated into another. The names come from the fact that, doing a pull request, we’re asking someone to pull from a certain branch to another, merging the branches. In addition to the above, services provide a variety of features under the name “pull request”. Here are some examples: The creator of a pull request can often ask for a code review from other developers The interface for managing a pull request often allows for discussing the pull request The pull request author or someone else can push further commits to the branch to be merged, updating the pull request You can certainly have a workflow with a single repository, doing your work in a feature branch and then making a pull request to merge that into the master branch, for example. However, this means you need write permissions to that repository in order to push your feature branch to it. In a fork-based pull request workflow, you push the feature branch to your fork, then make a pull request asking for this to be integrated into the original repository. A Practical Example Let’s look at an example continuing on from where we left off last chapter. We had created a local clone of our fork and added the original repository as a remote called upstream . Now, we will create and checkout a new feature branch. There are a number of ways to accomplish this in Tower… this time, let’s use the Cmd+B keyboard shortcut to bring up the sheet for creating a new branch, and name the branch “feature/header”: Next, let’s make a change and commit: Let’s say that at this point, the master branch of the upstream repository gets updated. In the long run, we certainly want to keep our local clone updated, so any new branches can build on the latest code. Moreover, what if the upstream update touches the same code as the feature we are working on? For a variety of reasons, we may want to rebase our feature branch on the upstream master branch. This is why we added the upstream remote. Using this, we can checkout the master branch of our clone, pull from upstream , checkout the feature branch, and rebase that on the updated master branch. I’ll start by checking out the master branch by double-clicking it. I’ll then click the “Pull” button in the toolbar, and choose to pull from upstream/master : I’ll then checkout my feature/header branch again by double-clicking it, then right-click it and select “Rebase on Revision…”, and keep the default selection of master : Now, my feature branch contains the latest changes from the upstream master branch: Let’s make another change and commit on our feature branch: Finally, we’ll push our feature branch to our fork, to prepare for making the pull request. Again, this can be accomplished in several ways in Tower, but an easy one is simply dragging the feature/header branch onto the origin remote in the sidebar and dropping it: I’ll choose to create an identically-named branch on origin (my fork) and to have my local branch track the new remote branch: Note the icon with an arrow and the number one next to the master branch in the sidebar: at this point, the feature branch in our fork repository is up-to-date with the origin remote, but the master branch is not. I’ll double-click the master branch and then click the “Push” button in the toolbar: Now our fork has the latest versions of both the master branch and the feature/header branch. The next step is creating the pull request. Even though this is a service provided by GitHub, I can do this through Tower. I’ll begin by right-clicking my feature/header branch in the sidebar, and selecting “Create New Pull Request from “feature/header”…”. The origin remote — my fork, that is — is selected as the repository, but this is not where I want my code to go — I want my code to be pulled into the upstream remote. To that end, I select the upstream repository as the target of my pull request, with the default selection of the upstream/master branch staying as it is. Make sure that the head branch is origin/feature/header — this is our feature branch on the fork, the one we want pulled into upstream: The pull request has been created. While Tower can list pull requests, the one we just created does not show up here, as it targets the upstream repository, not our fork, which is the one we’re dealing with in Tower. However, we can view the pull request on GitHub, where we now see that the maintainer of the repository has commented on the pull request: we should format our code according to some guidelines: No problem! We checkout the feature/header branch and commit a fix: Then, we push to the feature/header branch on the fork: Now, the commit shows up in the pull request as well: The maintainer now decides to merge the pull request, hitting the “Merge pull request” button in GitHub. That’s it! The pull request page shows that my branch has been merged, and my code is now part of the original repository on GitHub. At this point, I can delete my feature branch. Forking Contents Workflows with git-flow Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/branching-merging/merging	Merging Changes \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Merging Changes Merging is the process of combining changes from different branches. This chapter explains how to do that. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Merging Changes Keeping your commits in the separate context of a branch is a huge help. But there will come a time when you want to integrate changes from one branch into another. For example when you finished developing a feature and want to integrate it into your "production" branch. Or maybe the other way around: you're not yet finished working on your feature, but so many things have happened in the rest of the project in the meantime that you want to integrate these back into your feature branch. Whatever the scenario may be: such an integration is called "merging" and is done with the "merge" command. Concept Integrating Branches - Not Individual Commits When starting a merge, you don't have to (and cannot) pick individual commits that shall be integrated. Instead, you tell Git which branch you want to integrate - and Git will figure out which commits you don't have in your current working branch. Only these commits will then be integrated as a result. Also, you never have to think long and hard about where these changes end up: The target of such an integration is always your current HEAD branch and, thereby, your working copy. In Git, performing a merge is easy as pie. It requires just two steps: (1) Check out the branch that should receive the changes. (2) Call the "merge" command with the name of the branch that contains the desired changes. Let's integrate the changes from our "contact-form" branch into "master" by clicking on the "Merge" button in the toolbar and selecting "contact-form" from the list of branches. After confirming the dialog with the "Merge" button, we'll have another look at the "master" branch's history: ...and notice that our "Add new contact form page" commit was successfully integrated into master! However, the result of a merge action can't always be displayed that clearly: not always can Git simply add the missing commits on top of the HEAD branch. Often, it will have to combine changes in a new, separate commit called a "merge commit". Think of it like a knot that connects two branches. You can merge one branch into another as often as you like. Git will again figure out which changes haven't been merged and only consider these. Cross Reference In some situations, merging will result in one or more "merge conflicts". In such a case, Git wasn't able to combine changes, e.g. because the exact same line was modified in two different ways. You'll then have to decide yourself which content you want. We'll talk about dealing with merge conflicts in detail later in this book. Checking Out a Branch Contents Branching Workflows Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/basics/why-use-version-control	Why Use Version Control? \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Why Use Version Control? Version control is a system that records changes to files over time so that you can recall specific versions later. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Why Use a Version Control System? There are many benefits of using a version control system for your projects. This chapter explains some of them in detail. Collaboration Without a VCS in place, you're probably working together in a shared folder on the same set of files. Shouting through the office that you are currently working on file "xyz" and that, meanwhile, your teammates should keep their fingers off is not an acceptable workflow. It's extremely error-prone as you're essentially doing open-heart surgery all the time: sooner or later, someone will overwrite someone else's changes. With a VCS, everybody on the team is able to work absolutely freely - on any file at any time. The VCS will later allow you to merge all the changes into a common version. There's no question where the latest version of a file or the whole project is. It's in a common, central place: your version control system. Other benefits of using a VCS are even independent of working in a team or on your own. Storing Versions (Properly) Saving a version of your project after making changes is an essential habit. But without a VCS, this becomes tedious and confusing very quickly: How much do you save? Only the changed files or the complete project? In the first case, you'll have a hard time viewing the complete project at any point in time - in the latter case, you'll have huge amounts of unnecessary data lying on your hard drive. How do you name these versions? If you're a very organized person, you might be able to stick to an actually comprehensible naming scheme (if you're happy with "acme-inc-redesign-2013-11-12-v23"). However, as soon as it comes to variants (say, you need to prepare one version with the header area and one without it), chances are good you'll eventually lose track. The most important question, however, is probably this one: How do you know what exactly is different in these versions? Very few people actually take the time to carefully document each important change and include this in a README file in the project folder. A version control system acknowledges that there is only one project. Therefore, there's only the one version on your disk that you're currently working on. Everything else - all the past versions and variants - are neatly packed up inside the VCS. When you need it, you can request any version at any time and you'll have a snapshot of the complete project right at hand. Restoring Previous Versions Being able to restore older versions of a file (or even the whole project) effectively means one thing: you can't mess up! If the changes you've made lately prove to be garbage, you can simply undo them in a few clicks. Knowing this should make you a lot more relaxed when working on important bits of a project. Understanding What Happened Every time you save a new version of your project, your VCS requires you to provide a short description of what was changed. Additionally (if it's a code / text file), you can see what exactly was changed in the file's content. This helps you understand how your project evolved between versions. Backup A side-effect of using a distributed VCS like Git is that it can act as a backup; every team member has a full-blown version of the project on his disk - including the project's complete history. Should your beloved central server break down (and your backup drives fail), all you need for recovery is one of your teammates' local Git repository. What is Version Control? Contents Setting Up Git on Your Computer Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. 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https://dev.to/sivarampg/bagsfm-the-solana-launchpad-thats-changing-creator-monetization-4g7n	Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Sivaram Posted on Jan 12           Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization # solana # cryptocurrency # webdev # discuss If you've been following the Solana ecosystem lately, you might have heard about Bags.fm - a platform that's making waves in the crypto crowdfunding space. But what exactly is it, and why should developers care? Let's dive into how Bags.fm works, what makes it different, and how you can integrate it into your projects. What is Bags.fm? Bags.fm is a Solana-native, all-in-one platform that lets anyone launch, trade, and discover tokens without writing a single line of code. Think of it as a Web3-powered crowdfunding tool where supporters can actually own and trade your coin. But here's the kicker: creators earn 1% of all trading volume on their tokens - forever. The Core Model: Create → Share → Earn Forever 1. Launch a Coin Connect your Solana wallet, upload a logo, choose a name/ticker, write a description, and go live. No developers needed. 2. Build Community Your coin holders become your community. They have upside in your success, so they're incentivized to help you grow. More engagement → more visibility → more trading volume → more earnings for you. 3. Earn Forever Claim your 1% trading fees anytime, cash out to your bank, or use the earnings to fund your next project. The "Get Bagged" Feature 💰🫵 This is where things get interesting. Someone can launch a coin using your content, meme, or idea without your permission. But here's the clever part: You can verify ownership and claim earnings from that coin The community sets your username as the royalty earner Turn viral content into passive income You're already creating content, now you're getting paid for it It's like if someone could create a stock for your company without your permission, but you'd still receive dividends from it. Dividends System Creators can enable dividends by sharing fees with @DividendsBot . Here's how it works: Creator enables dividends by sharing a portion of their fees Automatic distribution every 24 hours - if a token has ≥10 SOL in unclaimed earnings Top 100 holders receive proportional payouts based on their holdings No manual claiming - dividends are deposited directly into wallets This aligns creator success with holder success and incentivizes early support. For Developers: The Bags API Bags.fm exposes a full REST API with a TypeScript SDK, making it easy to integrate Bags functionality into your applications. Getting Started First, get your API key from dev.bags.fm : # Install the SDK npm install @bagsfm/bags-sdk @solana/web3.js dotenv Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Basic Setup import dotenv from " dotenv " ; dotenv . config (); import { BagsSDK } from " @bagsfm/bags-sdk " ; import { Connection } from " @solana/web3.js " ; const BAGS_API_KEY = process . env . BAGS_API_KEY ; const SOLANA_RPC_URL = process . env . SOLANA_RPC_URL ; const connection = new Connection ( SOLANA_RPC_URL ); const sdk = new BagsSDK ( BAGS_API_KEY , connection , " processed " ); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Launch a Token async function launchToken () { const tokenInfo = { name : " My Awesome Token " , symbol : " AWESOME " , description : " A token for my community " , image : " https://example.com/token-logo.png " , initialBuy : 0.1 , // Optional: SOL to buy at launch feeShares : [ { wallet : " recipient_wallet_address " , percentage : 50 // 50% of fees } ] }; const result = await sdk . tokenLaunch . createTokenInfo ( tokenInfo ); console . log ( " Token created: " , result ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Get Token Creators async function getTokenCreators ( tokenMint : string ) { const creators = await sdk . state . getTokenCreators ( new PublicKey ( tokenMint ) ); const primaryCreator = creators . find ( c => c . isCreator ); console . log ( " Primary Creator: " , { displayName : primaryCreator . providerUsername , wallet : primaryCreator . wallet , royalty : ` ${ primaryCreator . royaltyBps / 100 } %` }); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Get Lifetime Fees async function getTokenLifetimeFees ( tokenMint : string ) { const response = await fetch ( `https://public-api-v2.bags.fm/api/v1/token-launch/lifetime-fees?tokenMint= ${ tokenMint } ` , { headers : { ' x-api-key ' : BAGS_API_KEY } } ); const data = await response . json (); console . log ( " Lifetime fees collected: " , data . response ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Trade Tokens async function tradeToken ( tokenMint : string , amount : number ) { const quote = await sdk . trade . getTradeQuote ({ tokenMint : new PublicKey ( tokenMint ), amount , action : " buy " // or "sell" }); const transaction = await sdk . trade . createSwapTransaction ( quote ); // Sign and send transaction } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode API Rate Limits 1,000 requests per hour per user Rate limits apply across all your API keys Check X-RateLimit-Remaining and X-RateLimit-Reset headers Use Cases for Developers 1. Analytics Dashboard Build a dashboard to track token performance, creator earnings, and community growth: async function buildDashboard ( tokenMint : string ) { const [ creators , lifetimeFees , claimStats ] = await Promise . all ([ sdk . state . getTokenCreators ( new PublicKey ( tokenMint )), fetchLifetimeFees ( tokenMint ), sdk . analytics . getTokenClaimStats ( tokenMint ) ]); return { creators , totalEarnings : lifetimeFees , claimableAmount : claimStats . claimableAmount }; } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 2. Automated Trading Bot Create a bot that trades based on token performance metrics: async function tradingBot ( tokenMint : string ) { const quote = await sdk . trade . getTradeQuote ({ tokenMint : new PublicKey ( tokenMint ), amount : 0.5 , action : " buy " }); // Add your trading logic here if ( shouldBuy ( quote )) { const tx = await sdk . trade . createSwapTransaction ( quote ); // Execute trade } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 3. Community Management Tool Build tools to help creators manage their communities: async function getTopHolders ( tokenMint : string ) { const holders = await sdk . analytics . getTokenHolders ( tokenMint ); return holders . slice ( 0 , 100 ); // Top 100 for dividends } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Potential Concerns to Consider Intellectual Property The "Get Bagged" feature raises questions: What if someone launches a coin using your brand without permission? While you can claim earnings, what about brand control? Could lead to trademark issues Dividend Concentration Only top 100 holders get dividends Could create whale dynamics Smaller holders don't benefit from dividends Sustainability 1% forever - is this sustainable long-term? What happens when trading volume drops? Creator earnings tied to speculation The Big Picture Bags.fm is attempting to solve creator monetization by: Turning fans into investors - they have skin in the game Creating ongoing revenue - not just one-time payments Leveraging community for growth - holders become marketers Making it permissionless - anyone can participate It's like Patreon meets the stock market, with a viral twist. Getting Started Ready to dive in? Here's your roadmap: Explore the platform : Visit bags.fm to see it in action Get API access : Sign up at dev.bags.fm Read the docs : Check out the full API documentation Join the community : Connect with other developers on their Discord Conclusion Bags.fm represents an interesting experiment in creator monetization and community-driven economics. Whether you're building tools for creators, analyzing token performance, or just curious about the future of crowdfunding, there's plenty to explore. The platform's permissionless nature and perpetual royalty model create unique opportunities - and challenges - for developers and creators alike. What do you think? Is this the future of creator monetization, or just another crypto experiment? Let me know in the comments! Resources Bags.fm API Documentation Developer Portal Discord Community This article explores Bags.fm as of 2026. The crypto space moves fast, so always verify the latest information before building production applications. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Sivaram Follow Full Stack Engineer. Consultant. Designing & Developing Blockchain & AI E2E Solutions. De-risking Ambiguity. OSS Location India Joined Oct 5, 2023 More from Sivaram Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide # solana # web3 # smartcontract # predictionmarket The Ralph Wiggum Approach: Running AI Coding Agents for Hours (Not Minutes) # webdev # productivity # ai # agents How the Creator of Claude Code Uses Claude Code: A Complete Breakdown # ai # webdev # programming # productivity 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/sivarampg/bagsfm-the-solana-launchpad-thats-changing-creator-monetization-4g7n#comments	Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Sivaram Posted on Jan 12           Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization # solana # cryptocurrency # webdev # discuss If you've been following the Solana ecosystem lately, you might have heard about Bags.fm - a platform that's making waves in the crypto crowdfunding space. But what exactly is it, and why should developers care? Let's dive into how Bags.fm works, what makes it different, and how you can integrate it into your projects. What is Bags.fm? Bags.fm is a Solana-native, all-in-one platform that lets anyone launch, trade, and discover tokens without writing a single line of code. Think of it as a Web3-powered crowdfunding tool where supporters can actually own and trade your coin. But here's the kicker: creators earn 1% of all trading volume on their tokens - forever. The Core Model: Create → Share → Earn Forever 1. Launch a Coin Connect your Solana wallet, upload a logo, choose a name/ticker, write a description, and go live. No developers needed. 2. Build Community Your coin holders become your community. They have upside in your success, so they're incentivized to help you grow. More engagement → more visibility → more trading volume → more earnings for you. 3. Earn Forever Claim your 1% trading fees anytime, cash out to your bank, or use the earnings to fund your next project. The "Get Bagged" Feature 💰🫵 This is where things get interesting. Someone can launch a coin using your content, meme, or idea without your permission. But here's the clever part: You can verify ownership and claim earnings from that coin The community sets your username as the royalty earner Turn viral content into passive income You're already creating content, now you're getting paid for it It's like if someone could create a stock for your company without your permission, but you'd still receive dividends from it. Dividends System Creators can enable dividends by sharing fees with @DividendsBot . Here's how it works: Creator enables dividends by sharing a portion of their fees Automatic distribution every 24 hours - if a token has ≥10 SOL in unclaimed earnings Top 100 holders receive proportional payouts based on their holdings No manual claiming - dividends are deposited directly into wallets This aligns creator success with holder success and incentivizes early support. For Developers: The Bags API Bags.fm exposes a full REST API with a TypeScript SDK, making it easy to integrate Bags functionality into your applications. Getting Started First, get your API key from dev.bags.fm : # Install the SDK npm install @bagsfm/bags-sdk @solana/web3.js dotenv Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Basic Setup import dotenv from " dotenv " ; dotenv . config (); import { BagsSDK } from " @bagsfm/bags-sdk " ; import { Connection } from " @solana/web3.js " ; const BAGS_API_KEY = process . env . BAGS_API_KEY ; const SOLANA_RPC_URL = process . env . SOLANA_RPC_URL ; const connection = new Connection ( SOLANA_RPC_URL ); const sdk = new BagsSDK ( BAGS_API_KEY , connection , " processed " ); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Launch a Token async function launchToken () { const tokenInfo = { name : " My Awesome Token " , symbol : " AWESOME " , description : " A token for my community " , image : " https://example.com/token-logo.png " , initialBuy : 0.1 , // Optional: SOL to buy at launch feeShares : [ { wallet : " recipient_wallet_address " , percentage : 50 // 50% of fees } ] }; const result = await sdk . tokenLaunch . createTokenInfo ( tokenInfo ); console . log ( " Token created: " , result ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Get Token Creators async function getTokenCreators ( tokenMint : string ) { const creators = await sdk . state . getTokenCreators ( new PublicKey ( tokenMint ) ); const primaryCreator = creators . find ( c => c . isCreator ); console . log ( " Primary Creator: " , { displayName : primaryCreator . providerUsername , wallet : primaryCreator . wallet , royalty : ` ${ primaryCreator . royaltyBps / 100 } %` }); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Get Lifetime Fees async function getTokenLifetimeFees ( tokenMint : string ) { const response = await fetch ( `https://public-api-v2.bags.fm/api/v1/token-launch/lifetime-fees?tokenMint= ${ tokenMint } ` , { headers : { ' x-api-key ' : BAGS_API_KEY } } ); const data = await response . json (); console . log ( " Lifetime fees collected: " , data . response ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Trade Tokens async function tradeToken ( tokenMint : string , amount : number ) { const quote = await sdk . trade . getTradeQuote ({ tokenMint : new PublicKey ( tokenMint ), amount , action : " buy " // or "sell" }); const transaction = await sdk . trade . createSwapTransaction ( quote ); // Sign and send transaction } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode API Rate Limits 1,000 requests per hour per user Rate limits apply across all your API keys Check X-RateLimit-Remaining and X-RateLimit-Reset headers Use Cases for Developers 1. Analytics Dashboard Build a dashboard to track token performance, creator earnings, and community growth: async function buildDashboard ( tokenMint : string ) { const [ creators , lifetimeFees , claimStats ] = await Promise . all ([ sdk . state . getTokenCreators ( new PublicKey ( tokenMint )), fetchLifetimeFees ( tokenMint ), sdk . analytics . getTokenClaimStats ( tokenMint ) ]); return { creators , totalEarnings : lifetimeFees , claimableAmount : claimStats . claimableAmount }; } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 2. Automated Trading Bot Create a bot that trades based on token performance metrics: async function tradingBot ( tokenMint : string ) { const quote = await sdk . trade . getTradeQuote ({ tokenMint : new PublicKey ( tokenMint ), amount : 0.5 , action : " buy " }); // Add your trading logic here if ( shouldBuy ( quote )) { const tx = await sdk . trade . createSwapTransaction ( quote ); // Execute trade } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 3. Community Management Tool Build tools to help creators manage their communities: async function getTopHolders ( tokenMint : string ) { const holders = await sdk . analytics . getTokenHolders ( tokenMint ); return holders . slice ( 0 , 100 ); // Top 100 for dividends } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Potential Concerns to Consider Intellectual Property The "Get Bagged" feature raises questions: What if someone launches a coin using your brand without permission? While you can claim earnings, what about brand control? Could lead to trademark issues Dividend Concentration Only top 100 holders get dividends Could create whale dynamics Smaller holders don't benefit from dividends Sustainability 1% forever - is this sustainable long-term? What happens when trading volume drops? Creator earnings tied to speculation The Big Picture Bags.fm is attempting to solve creator monetization by: Turning fans into investors - they have skin in the game Creating ongoing revenue - not just one-time payments Leveraging community for growth - holders become marketers Making it permissionless - anyone can participate It's like Patreon meets the stock market, with a viral twist. Getting Started Ready to dive in? Here's your roadmap: Explore the platform : Visit bags.fm to see it in action Get API access : Sign up at dev.bags.fm Read the docs : Check out the full API documentation Join the community : Connect with other developers on their Discord Conclusion Bags.fm represents an interesting experiment in creator monetization and community-driven economics. Whether you're building tools for creators, analyzing token performance, or just curious about the future of crowdfunding, there's plenty to explore. The platform's permissionless nature and perpetual royalty model create unique opportunities - and challenges - for developers and creators alike. What do you think? Is this the future of creator monetization, or just another crypto experiment? Let me know in the comments! Resources Bags.fm API Documentation Developer Portal Discord Community This article explores Bags.fm as of 2026. The crypto space moves fast, so always verify the latest information before building production applications. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Sivaram Follow Full Stack Engineer. Consultant. Designing & Developing Blockchain & AI E2E Solutions. De-risking Ambiguity. OSS Location India Joined Oct 5, 2023 More from Sivaram Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide # solana # web3 # smartcontract # predictionmarket The Ralph Wiggum Approach: Running AI Coding Agents for Hours (Not Minutes) # webdev # productivity # ai # agents How the Creator of Claude Code Uses Claude Code: A Complete Breakdown # ai # webdev # programming # productivity 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Forem © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://youtu.be/IoaJPmgMCD0	Angular's Custom Form Components - AiA 366 - YouTube 정보 보도자료 저작권 문의하기 크리에이터 광고 개발자 약관 개인정보처리방침 정책 및 안전 YouTube 작동의 원리 새로운 기능 테스트하기 © 2026 Google LLC, Sundar Pichai, 1600 Amphitheatre Parkway, Mountain View CA 94043, USA, 0807-882-594 (무료), yt-support-solutions-kr@google.com, 호스팅: Google LLC, 사업자정보 , 불법촬영물 신고 크리에이터들이 유튜브 상에 게시, 태그 또는 추천한 상품들은 판매자들의 약관에 따라 판매됩니다. 유튜브는 이러한 제품들을 판매하지 않으며, 그에 대한 책임을 지지 않습니다. var ytInitialData = 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https://topenddevs.com/podcasts/adventures-in-machine-learning/episodes/how-to-transition-from-software-engineer-to-ml-engineer-ml-111	How to Transition from Software Engineer to ML Engineer - ML 111 - Adventures in Machine Learning - Top End Devs Top End Devs Home Podcasts Screencasts Courses Blogs Summits Meetups search-modal#open" aria-label="Search"> Sign In Sign Up search-modal#close"> Search search-modal#close"> search-modal#search" data-turbo-frame="search-results" data-turbo="true" class="space-y-4" action="/search" method="get"> Content Type All Episodes Podcasts Screencasts Lessons Courses Blog Authors Meetups Use semantic search (recommended) Search Trending Now What’s New in React 19.2: Compiler, Activity, and the Future of Async React - JSJ 670 JavaScript Jabber Can You Really Trust AI-Generated Code? - JSJ 699 JavaScript Jabber Autogenetic AI Agents and the Future of Ruby Development - RUBY 682 Ruby Rogues Popular Searches search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="podcast"> Podcast search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="episode"> Episode search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="author"> Author search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="meetup"> Meetup search-modal#fillSearch" data-search-term="series"> Series Back to Adventures in Machine Learning RSS Feed Spotify Apple Podcasts YouTube Amazon Music How to Transition from Software Engineer to ML Engineer - ML 111 Published: April 07, 2023 Download How to Transition from Software Engineer to ML Engineer - ML 111 0:00 audio-player#clickProgressBar touchstart->audio-player#clickProgressBar touchmove->audio-player#clickProgressBar" data-audio-player-target="progressBar"> 0:00 audio-player#skipBackward"> audio-player#togglePlayPause" data-audio-player-target="playPauseButton"> audio-player#skipForward"> audio-player#changeVolume" type="range" min="0" max="1" step="0.01" value="1" /> Playback Speed: audio-player#changePlaybackSpeed"> 0.5x 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x 2x Created by: Ben Wilson • Michael Berk • Charles Max Wood Show Notes Today we speak with a software engineer who is interested in becoming an ML engineer. Expect to learn about ML roles that are most attainable based on a strong software engineering skill set. We also cover some tangible strategies you can leverage to make the transition. On YouTube  How to Transition from Software Engineer to ML Engineer - ML 111 Sponsors Chuck's Resume Template Developer Book Club starting Become a Top 1% Dev with a Top End Devs Membership © 2026 2022 Intentional Excellence Productions, LLC. All rights reserved.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/tools-services/code-hosting	Code Hosting Services \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Code Hosting Services There are many services that host Git repositories. This chapter explains the most popular ones. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Code Hosting Services Hosting your code becomes an important topic as soon as you want to start sharing it – and be it only with yourself on another machine. There are basically two different flavors of code hosting: do-it-yourself and leave-me-in-peace. (A) Do-It-Yourself Hosting a Git repository on your own server has a lot of advantages: It saves money you’d have to spend on code hosting services. It keeps your code in-house. And it generally gives you all the freedom in the world. But, of course, this also comes with some drawbacks: YOU are responsible for ensuring high availability / up-time of the server. YOU are responsible for making backups (that really, really work). YOU are responsible for keeping an eye on security and software updates. In the end, the hard part about hosting code is not the management of the Git repositories. It’s the management and maintenance of the server. Don’t get me wrong: the bottom line is NOT “stop hosting code yourself and use a code hosting service”. The bottom line is “be aware of what hosting your code yourself really means”. If you have enough expertise doing this yourself and if you’re willing to invest the time, hosting your repositories on your own server is perfect for you! (B) Leave-Me-In-Peace For most people, their core competence is not server maintenance. While a lot of people theoretically have the knowledge to do it themselves, they're often not proficient enough for this to make sense. By now, there are dozens of specialized service providers available that do all the server management, backup, and security stuff for you. We've compiled a short list of some of them to give you a quick overview. GitHub   www.github.com GitHub is the most popular code hosting service in the Git world. Especially for OpenSource projects, GitHub is the go-to platform. GitLab   about.gitlab.com GitLab offers a fast-evolving platform for code collaboration. The free community edition and the enterprise edition can be installed on your own servers; a hosted offering that runs on GitLab.com is also available. Microsoft Visual Studio Team Services   www.visualstudio.com Not limited to Microsoft technologies, "Visual Studio Team Services" offers an open platform for any development stack. In addition to code hosting, the platform includes its own Continuous Integration service and agile planning tools for Scrum and Kanban teams. Bitbucket   www.bitbucket.com Besides Git repositories, Bitbucket also offers hosting for the Mercurial VCS. It has a similar feature set as the GitHub platform, although it's not as popular in the OpenSource space. Beanstalk   www.beanstalkapp.com Beanstalk offers hosting not only for Git repositories, but also for Subversion projects. Being a very lean and reliable service, Beanstalk is a great choice for businesses. Plan.io   www.plan.io Plan.io offers a complete project management platform. In addition to code hosting (Git and Subversion), it also provides you with modules for task management, customer helpdesk, and even integrated Wikis. Diff & Merge Tools Contents More Learning Resources Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Web Development Follow Hide Because the internet... Create Post submission guidelines Be nice. Be respectful. Assume best intentions. Be kind, rewind. Older #webdev posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 12 Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization # discuss # solana # cryptocurrency # webdev 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Breaking the Runtime Wall: Universal Frameworks in BEnder 🌍 Adam Golan Adam Golan Adam Golan Follow Jan 10 Breaking the Runtime Wall: Universal Frameworks in BEnder 🌍 # node # bunjs # backend # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read maqam music okan kaplan okan kaplan okan kaplan Follow Jan 10 maqam music # showdev # algorithms # webdev # javascript 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read I Built a Smarter SEO Layer for React — Here’s Why Sravesh Nandan Sravesh Nandan Sravesh Nandan Follow Jan 10 I Built a Smarter SEO Layer for React — Here’s Why # webdev # react # seo # javascript 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read A Mnemonic That Finally Makes for…in vs for…of Stick Mahlon Gumbs Mahlon Gumbs Mahlon Gumbs Follow Jan 12 A Mnemonic That Finally Makes for…in vs for…of Stick # javascript # webdev # programming # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building profiler0x0: An Arcade-Style GitHub Profile Analyzer That Doesn't Judge ackermannQ ackermannQ ackermannQ Follow Jan 12 Building profiler0x0: An Arcade-Style GitHub Profile Analyzer That Doesn't Judge # webdev # github # typescript # node Comments 2 comments 5 min read How to Transcribe and Detect Intent Using Deepgram for STT: A Developer's Journey CallStack Tech CallStack Tech CallStack Tech Follow Jan 12 How to Transcribe and Detect Intent Using Deepgram for STT: A Developer's Journey # ai # voicetech # machinelearning # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 11 min read No Kotlin? No Problem. How I shipped Android Apps using React & Capacitor Krystian Krystian Krystian Follow Jan 12 No Kotlin? No Problem. How I shipped Android Apps using React & Capacitor # webdev # android # mobile # react Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why I Built a High-Performance Wallpaper Gallery with Vanilla JS (No React) Aksh Thakkar Aksh Thakkar Aksh Thakkar Follow Jan 12 Why I Built a High-Performance Wallpaper Gallery with Vanilla JS (No React) # javascript # webdev # frontend # buildinpublic Comments Add Comment 2 min read var, let, const: Why JavaScript Needed Three Ways to Declare Variables Razumovsky Razumovsky Razumovsky Follow Jan 11 var, let, const: Why JavaScript Needed Three Ways to Declare Variables # webdev # beginners # javascript # tutorial Comments Add Comment 7 min read Introducing Effuse — an experimental reactive framework Chris M. Peréz Chris M. Peréz Chris M. Peréz Follow Jan 12 Introducing Effuse — an experimental reactive framework # webdev # javascript # typescript # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase Sathish Sathish Sathish Follow Jan 12 How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase # webdev # ai # buildinpublic # nextjs Comments Add Comment 1 min read Week 14 – Custom Hooks, Finishing usePopcorn, and Learning How to Design Code Usama Usama Usama Follow Jan 12 Week 14 – Custom Hooks, Finishing usePopcorn, and Learning How to Design Code # react # frontend # javascript # webdev 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Your WordPress Site Is Bleeding Memory — Here's How to Stop It Prakhar Prakhar Prakhar Follow Jan 12 Your WordPress Site Is Bleeding Memory — Here's How to Stop It # wordpress # webdev # performance # wordpressplugin Comments Add Comment 4 min read Django Ninja AIO CRUD REST Framework v2.5.0 Caspel26 Caspel26 Caspel26 Follow Jan 12 Django Ninja AIO CRUD REST Framework v2.5.0 # webdev # programming # django # restapi Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building Interactive Data Tables with React Data Grid Michael Turner Michael Turner Michael Turner Follow Jan 12 Building Interactive Data Tables with React Data Grid # react # webdev # beginners # tutorial Comments Add Comment 7 min read Building AI Agents in 2025: From ChatGPT to Multi-Agent Systems Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Follow Jan 12 Building AI Agents in 2025: From ChatGPT to Multi-Agent Systems # ai # machinelearning # python # webdev Comments Add Comment 4 min read Can You Beat AI at This Simple Game? Daniel Tofan Daniel Tofan Daniel Tofan Follow Jan 12 Can You Beat AI at This Simple Game? # webdev # gamedev # ai # pwa Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building PDFMitra: A Free PDF Tool with Next.js 14 (Complete Tech Guide) 🚀 Praveen Nayak Praveen Nayak Praveen Nayak Follow Jan 12 Building PDFMitra: A Free PDF Tool with Next.js 14 (Complete Tech Guide) 🚀 # nextjs # typescript # webdev # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read Ng-News 26/01: Ng-Poland Outtakes - Keynote and Q&A ng-news ng-news ng-news Follow for This is Angular Jan 12 Ng-News 26/01: Ng-Poland Outtakes - Keynote and Q&A # webdev # programming # angular # frontend Comments Add Comment 4 min read I Spent 9 Months Building This: UpgradeLink – An Open-Source All-in-One Cross-Platform App Upgrade System UpgradeLink UpgradeLink UpgradeLink Follow Jan 12 I Spent 9 Months Building This: UpgradeLink – An Open-Source All-in-One Cross-Platform App Upgrade System # webdev # upgrade Comments Add Comment 3 min read EP 10: The Legend of ShopStream: The NFS (Caching) Hrishikesh Dalal Hrishikesh Dalal Hrishikesh Dalal Follow Jan 12 EP 10: The Legend of ShopStream: The NFS (Caching) # webdev # redis # database 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Theneo vs Redocly vs ReadMe vs Mintlify: Which API Documentation Platform is Best for Your Team? arobakid arobakid arobakid Follow Jan 12 Theneo vs Redocly vs ReadMe vs Mintlify: Which API Documentation Platform is Best for Your Team? # api # apidoc # webdev # ai 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 11 min read Service as Architecture Reversal djuleayo djuleayo djuleayo Follow Jan 12 Service as Architecture Reversal # discuss # architecture # webdev Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why I Benchmarked 1,000+ Hosting Providers Using a Mathematical Formula (and why most reviews are wrong) TechJournal TechJournal TechJournal Follow Jan 12 Why I Benchmarked 1,000+ Hosting Providers Using a Mathematical Formula (and why most reviews are wrong) # web # php # host # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/basics/what-is-version-control	What is Version Control? \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download What is Version Control? Version control is a system that records changes to files over time so that you can recall specific versions later. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line What is Version Control? You can think of a version control system (short: "VCS") as a kind of "database". It lets you save a snapshot of your complete project at any time you want. When you later take a look at an older snapshot (let's start calling it "version"), your VCS shows you exactly how it differed from the previous one. Version control is independent of the kind of project / technology / framework you're working with: It works just as well for an HTML website as it does for a design project or an iPhone app It lets you work with any tool you like; it doesn't care what kind of text editor, graphics program, file manager or other tool you use Also, don't confuse a VCS with a backup or a deployment system. You don't have to change or replace any other part of your tool chain when you start using version control. A version control system records the changes you make to your project's files. This is what version control is about. It's really as simple as it sounds.  &nbsp Contents Why Use Version Control? Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.facebook.com/help/561688620598358?ref=dp	휴대폰 또는 다른 계정에서 Facebook에 연락처 업로드하기 \| Facebook 고객 센터 {"require":[["ScheduledServerJS","handle",null,[{"__bbox":{"require":[["AsyncData","resolve",[],["adp_WebWorkerV2HasteResponsePreloader_MAWMainWebWorkerV2Bundle_696606de91d657e43416047",{"data":{"__bbox":{"hrp":{"hsrp":{"hsdp":{"bxData":{"30933":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/ye\/r\/COs9e0Kj0ic.wasm"},"31853":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/yf\/r\/SOSPkPfT1k-.wasm"},"237":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/yR\/r\/ayqr5HQtlkb.wasm"},"6946":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/yf\/r\/rogm88TRRiw.wasm"},"33861":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/yj\/r\/wP_Nd8029HG.wasm"},"30948":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/yr\/r\/gbPXWYVntw6.wasm"},"32099":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/y1\/r\/F52bvVmXVXq.wasm"},"77770":{"uri":"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/rsrc.php\/ye\/r\/au6vCkajLkU.wasm"}},"clpData":{"6476":{"r":1000,"s":1},"1744178":{"r":1,"s":1},"1838142":{"r":1,"s":1},"4266":{"r":1,"s":1},"5728":{"r":1,"s":1},"5729":{"r":1,"s":1},"1848815":{"r":10000,"s":1},"1399":{"r":1,"s":1},"1828905":{"r":1},"1271":{"r":1,"s":1},"3226":{"r":1,"s":1},"6934":{"r":1,"s":1},"1744057":{"r":500,"s":1},"1744058":{"r":5000,"s":1},"1744059":{"r":10000,"s":1},"1744060":{"r":1000,"s":1},"1814852":{"r":1},"5722":{"r":1,"s":1},"5723":{"r":1,"s":1},"5720":{"r":1,"s":1},"5721":{"r":1,"s":1},"5725":{"r":1,"s":1},"5726":{"r":1,"s":1},"1109":{"r":1,"s":1},"5080":{"r":1,"s":1},"1744234":{"r":1},"1962341":{"r":1,"s":1},"177":{"r":1,"s":1},"1823926":{"r":1,"s":1},"5829":{"r":1,"s":1},"5831":{"r":1,"s":1},"5727":{"r":1,"s":1},"819":{"r":1,"s":1},"1857112":{"r":1},"1755537":{"r":1},"2074":{"r":1},"1743810":{"r":1},"1914651":{"r":1}},"gkxData":{"4":{"result":false,"hash":null},"148":{"result":true,"hash":null},"173":{"result":false,"hash":null},"196":{"result":false,"hash":null},"269":{"result":false,"hash":null},"380":{"result":false,"hash":null},"494":{"result":false,"hash":null},"503":{"result":false,"hash":null},"704":{"result":false,"hash":null},"898":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1006":{"result":true,"hash":null},"1154":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1174":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1326":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1327":{"result":true,"hash":null},"1371":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1458":{"result":true,"hash":null},"1514":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1624":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1760":{"result":true,"hash":null},"1800":{"result":false,"hash":null},"1842":{"result":true,"hash":null},"1910":{"result":false,"hash":null},"2067":{"result":false,"hash":null},"2160":{"result":false,"hash":null},"2312":{"result":false,"hash":null},"2400":{"result":false,"hash":null},"2419":{"result":true,"hash":null},"245	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/remote-repositories/inspecting-remote-data	Inspecting Remote Data \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Inspecting Remote Data Git provides several commands to inspect remote repositories. This chapter explains how to use them. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Inspecting Remote Data When adding a remote repository, Tower also performs a "Fetch" command automatically for us. This command updates the information about a remote. Concept Remote Data is a Snapshot Git stores information about remote data (like branches, commits, etc.) in your local repository for you. However, there is no "live" connection to your remote. This means that, with Git on the command line, you would not automatically see new commits or branches that your teammates published on a remote - because you have to explicitly tell Git to update! The information about remote branches, remote commits, etc. is only as fresh as the last snapshot that you requested. Tower, however, performs a "Fetch" automatically for you in the background in fixed intervals. Therefore, you'll rarely have to execute a "Fetch" manually. Fetch will not touch any of your local branches or the files in your working copy. It just downloads data from the specified remote and makes it visible for you. You can decide later if you want to integrate new changes into your local project. Creating a Local Branch from a Remote Branch Let's start working on that remote "faq-content" branch. Currently, however, this is only a remote branch pointer. To be able to work with this branch - to have our working copy populated with its files - we need to create a new local branch that's based on this remote branch. To do this in Tower, you can simply drag the respective remote branch and drop it onto the "BRANCHES" section header in the sidebar. TODO: animated GIF When we do this, a couple of things happen in the background: (a) A new local branch is created with the same name as the remote one ("faq-content"). (b) The new branch is checked out, i.e. it's made our local HEAD branch. At the same time, our working copy is populated with the associated files from that branch's latest revision. (c) By the way, we're establishing a so-called "tracking relationship" between the new local branch and the remote branch it's based on. Concept Tracking Branches In general, branches have nothing to do with each other. However, a local branch can be set up to "track" a remote branch. Git will then inform you if one branch contains new commits that the other one doesn't have: If your local branch contains commits that haven't been published / pushed to the remote repository, your local branch is " ahead " of its remote counterpart branch by some commits. If your teammates, on their part, have uploaded commits to the remote, the remote branch will have commits that you haven't downloaded / pulled to your local branch, yet. Your local branch is then " behind " its remote counterpart branch. In case such a tracking relationship exists, Tower will inform you about any commit that haven't been pushed or pulled, yet: When creating a new local branch that is based on an existing remote branch, establishing a tracking connection is easy: either create the branch via drag and drop (dragging the remote base branch and dropping it onto the "BRANCHES" section header in the sidebar) or by right-clicking the remote branch and choosing the "Track <branch name>..." option. Now, simply double-click our new local "faq-content" branch to check it out - and we're ready to contribute to this feature. Let's make some modifications to the "faq.html" file that you now have on your disk (I leave the details of these changes to your imagination...). Then, please stage the changes (by ticking the checkbox next to the file in the "Working Copy" view) and commit it with a short message. Pushing Your Work to a Remote Repository Now it's time to share these brilliant changes we've just made with our colleagues. In Tower, simply click the "Push" button in the toolbar: Note On your machine, this "push" command will not work because you don't have write access to our course remote repository. If you want to follow along and execute this command yourself, I recommend you create your own remote repository, for example on GitHub or Beanstalk . When you confirm the dialog with the "Push" button, Git uploads all the new commits from our current HEAD branch to its remote counterpart branch. Concept Tracking Connections Revisited By default, the "push" command expects us to provide it with two things: (a) To which remote repository we want to push. (b) To which branch on that remote repository we want to push. With the tracking connection that we've set up already, we've defined a "remote counterpart" branch for our local branch. Tower can then use this tracking information to preselect the correct target in the dialog's "Destination" selector. Connecting a Remote Contents Integrating Remote Changes Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/learn/git/ebook/en/desktop-gui/branching-merging/branching-workflows	Branching Workflows \| Learn Git Ebook (GUI Edition) Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Branching Workflows There are different approaches to working with branches in Git. This chapter explains the most common ones. Table of Contents Part 1 - The Basics What is Version Control? Why Use Version Control? Setting Up Git on Your Computer The Basic Workflow Starting with an Unversioned Project Starting with an Existing Project Working on Your Project Part 2 - Branching & Merging Branching can Change Your Life Working with Branches Saving Changes Temporarily Checking Out a Local Branch Merging Changes Branching Workflows Part 3 - Sharing Work via Remote Repositories Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Inspecting Remote Data Integrating Remote Changes Publishing a Local Branch Deleting Branches Part 4 - Advanced Topics Undoing Things Inspecting Changes with Diffs Dealing with Merge Conflicts Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Submodules Forking Pull Requests Workflows with git-flow Handling Large Files with LFS Authentication with SSH Public Keys Part 5 - Tools & Services Diff & Merge Tools Code Hosting Services More Learning Resources Appendix Version Control Best Practices Switching from Subversion to Git Why Git? Learn on: Desktop GUI \| Command Line Branching Workflows Depending on how they're used, you can divide branches into two major groups. Note Please keep in mind, though, that this is just a semantic division. Technically (and practically), a branch is just a branch and always works in the same way. (A) Short-Lived / Topic Branches Earlier in this book, you've already read my advice to be generous about creating branches for new features , bug fixes , and experiments . Branches for these kinds of things share two important characteristics: They are about a single topic and are used to isolate code belonging to this topic from any other code. You shouldn't create a "shopping-cart" branch to then also commit code dealing with newsletter signup or bug #341 to it. They typically have a rather short lifespan , usually only until you've finished working on the topic (i.e. when the bug is fixed, the feature is complete...). Then, the branch will be integrated into the broader context of your project and can be deleted. (B) Long-Running Branches Other branches are used on a higher level, independent of a single feature or bugfix development. They represent states in your project lifecycle - like a "production", "testing", or "development" state - and remain in your project for a longer time (or even all the time). Typically, a couple of rules apply to this kind of branches: You shouldn't work on them directly. Instead, you integrate other branches (possibly feature branches or other long-running branches) into them, but rarely add commits directly to them. Often, long-running branches have a hierarchy between them: e.g. "master" is used as the highest-order branch. It should only contain production code. Subordinate to it exists a "development" branch. It's used to test developed features and is then integrated into "master"... Which long-running branches should be created and how they should be used can't be generalized. This depends a lot on the team (its size and style of development) and the requirements of the project (and possibly also the customer). Clear rules must exist and be agreed on by everybody in the team. A Very Simple Branching Strategy As already said, each team must find its own branching strategy. However, we'll look at a very simple workflow that should fit for a lot of teams. One Long-Running Branch Only Although you could of course introduce multiple long-running branches, there are a couple of reasons against this: most notably, it complicates things! Having only a single long-running branch in your workflow keeps things as simple as possible. Concept In such a scenario, the "master" branch effectively represents your production code. This has one important consequence: everything that gets merged into "master" must be stable! It must be tested, reviewed, and approved by whatever methods else you have to assure quality. This also means that no work should happen directly on "master" (which is also a very common rule). Therefore, if you should find yourself checking out the "master" branch and committing something there, you should ask yourself if you're doing the right thing... Topic Branches Every time you start working on a new feature or bugfix, you should create a new branch for this topic. This is a common practice in almost all branching workflows and should become a habit for you, too. As you only have a single long-running branch in your repository, all new topic branches are based off of this "master" branch. And when your work is done in this topic, of course, it should be merged back into "master". In the meantime, it might be that new code gets integrated into "master" by your teammates while you're still working on your feature. It's both recommended and simple to merge new stuff often from master into your development branch. This ensures that you're staying up-to-date - and thereby reduces the risk of merge conflicts that come with large integrations. Don't forget the golden rule that comes with such a simple workflow: code that gets integrated into "master" must be stable! How you ensure this is up to you and your team: use unit tests, code reviews, etc. Keep the Remote in Sync In Git, remote and local branches can be completely independent from each other. However, it makes great sense to regard local and remote branches as counterparts of each other. This doesn't mean that you need to publish each of your local branches: it can still make perfect sense to keep some of your branches private, e.g. when you're doing experimental stuff that you're working on alone. However, if you do publish a local branch, you should name its remote counterpart branch the same. If you have a local branch named "login-ui", you should also name it "login-ui" when you push it to your remote repository. Push Often Keeping the remote in sync doesn't stop with the structure: publishing your work often makes sure that everybody has always access to the latest developments. And, as a bonus, it can serve as your remote backup. Other Branching Strategies The above strategy is best suited for small, agile teams. Especially larger teams might need more rules and more structures. Searching the web for other teams' strategies will present you with many interesting alternatives. One particular workflow that might be worth a look is the popular " git-flow ". Note In my personal opinion, git-flow is a bit too heavy of a component because it forces the user to learn almost a meta-language with new commands. You might find that properly learning the Git basics and agreeing on a common workflow in a team will make "supplements" like git-flow superfluous. However, in case git-flow is what your team has chosen to use, you'll be pleased to hear that Tower supports it in its interface, too. Merging Changes Contents Part 3 - Remote Repositories Get our popular Git Cheat Sheet for free! You'll find the most important commands on the front and helpful best practice tips on the back. Over 100,000 developers have downloaded it to make Git a little bit easier. New content and updates Yes, send me the cheat sheet and sign me up for the Tower newsletter. It's free, it's sent infrequently, you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. About Us As the makers of Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows , we help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay get the most out of Git. Just like with Tower, our mission with this platform is to help people become better professionals. That's why we provide our guides, videos, and cheat sheets (about version control with Git and lots of other topics) for free. About About Blog Merch Tower Git Client Git & Version Control Online Book First Aid Kit Webinar Video Course Advanced Git Kit FAQ Glossary Commands Web Development Website Optimization Python and Fauna Tutorial Cheat Sheets Command Line 101 Git Git for Subversion Users HTML Hugo JavaScript Markdown PowerShell Regex Ruby on Rails Tower Git Client Visual Studio Code Website Optimization Workflow of Version Control Working with Branches in Git Xcode Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower" (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in any email. Thank you for subscribing Please check your email to confirm Close Want to win one of our awesome Tower shirts? Tell your friends about Tower! Share on Twitter We'll pick 4 winners every month who share this tweet! Follow @gittower to be notified if you win! Try Tower for Free Sign up below and use Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Close Yes, send me instructions on how to get started with Tower. Yes, I want to hear about new Tower updates, discounts and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
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Learn more Developer skills Back Developer skills Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers. Application development Insights and best practices for building apps. Career growth Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer. GitHub Improve how you use GitHub at work. GitHub Education Learn how to move into your first professional role. Programming languages & frameworks Stay current on what’s new (or new again). Get started with GitHub documentation Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub. Learn more Engineering Back Engineering Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers. Architecture & optimization Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform. Engineering principles Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team. Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. Governance & compliance Ensuring your builds stay clean. GitHub recognized as a Leader in the Gartner® Magic Quadrant™ for AI Code Assistants Learn why Gartner positioned GitHub as a Leader for the second year in a row. Learn more News & insights Back News & insights Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub. Company news An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub. Product The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools. Octoverse Insights into the state of open source on GitHub. Policy The latest policy and regulatory changes in software. Research Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem. The library Older news and updates from GitHub. Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights. Learn more Open Source Back Open Source Everything open source on GitHub. Git The latest Git updates. Maintainers Spotlighting open source maintainers. 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Learn how to set up a CI/CD pipeline to automate the integration of code changes on GitHub , ensuring they are tested and ready for deployment. Whether you’re a seasoned developer or new to enterprise software development, we have you covered. Featured How to streamline GitHub API calls in Azure Pipelines Build a custom Azure DevOps extension that eliminates the complexity of JWT generation and token management, enabling powerful automation and enhanced security controls. Tiago Pascoal · July 24, 2025 When to choose GitHub-Hosted runners or self-hosted runners with GitHub Actions Comparing GitHub-hosted vs self-hosted runners for your CI/CD workflows? This deep dive explores important factors to consider when making this critical infrastructure decision for your development team. kenmuse · April 15, 2025 Streamlining your MLOps pipeline with GitHub Actions and Arm64 runners Explore how Arm’s optimized performance and cost-efficient architecture, coupled with PyTorch, can enhance machine learning operations, from model training to deployment and learn how to leverage CI/CD for machine learning workflows, while reducing time, cost, and errors in the process. Scott Arbeit · September 11, 2024 GitHub Actions, Arm64, and the future of automotive software development Learn how GitHub’s Enterprise Cloud, GitHub Actions, and Arm’s latest Automotive Enhanced processors, work together to usher in a new era of efficient, scalable, and flexible automotive software creation. Clay Nelson · April 26, 2024 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest Enforcing code reliability by requiring workflows with GitHub repository rules GitHub Enterprise Cloud customers can now ensure controlled workflows run and pass before code is merged into any of its repositories. Tony Camp · October 11, 2023 How to automate a Microsoft Power Platform deployment using GitHub Actions Low-code enables developers and non-developers to build custom applications and solutions with less effort. In this blog, we show you how to automate your low-code deployments using GitHub Actions. April Yoho · May 24, 2023 Introducing GitHub Actions Importer GitHub Actions Importer helps you forecast, plan, and facilitate migrations from your current CI/CD tool to GitHub Actions. Ethan Dennis · November 10, 2022 Best practices on rolling out code scanning at enterprise scale Learn best practices on how to roll out centrally managed, developer-centric application security with a third party CI/CD system like Jenkins or ADO. Kevin Alwell · September 28, 2022 6 strategic ways to level up your CI/CD pipeline From incorporating accessibility testing to implementing blue-green deployment models, here are six practical and strategic ways to improve your CI/CD pipeline. Damian Brady · July 19, 2022 How to build a CI/CD pipeline with GitHub Actions in four simple steps A quick guide on the advantages of using GitHub Actions as your preferred CI/CD tool—and how to build a CI/CD pipeline with it. Brian Douglas · February 2, 2022 GitHub Enterprise Server 3.3 enhances CI/CD and adds a new security manager role This latest release sees the introduction of a new role, a new webhook for GitHub Actions, and a bright edge to dark mode. Ian Marsh · November 9, 2021 Keeping your data pipelines healthy with the Great Expectations GitHub Action This post is the second in our series on using GitHub for MLOps and data science. Just joining in? Get started with part one. Most continuous integration (CI) tools only… Hamel Husain · October 1, 2020 GitHub Actions: Community momentum, enterprise capabilities, and developer improvements GitHub Actions continues its community momentum and ships new features for enterprises and developers. Jeremy Epling · April 22, 2020 The world's largest developer platform Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs GitHub Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything. 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Infrastructure Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform. Platform security Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle. User experience Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers. How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left. Learn more Enterprise software Back Enterprise software Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale. Automation Automating your way to faster and more secure ships. CI/CD Guides on continuous integration and delivery. Collaboration Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration. DevOps DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams. DevSecOps How to integrate security into the SDLC. 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Learn more Changelog Docs Customer stories See what's new Try GitHub Copilot Home / Engineering / Architecture & optimization Architecture & optimization The GitHub Ruby on Rails monolith is big: nearly two million lines of code and more than 1,000 engineers collaborating on it, to the tune of around 20 deployments every day. Follow along to see how we build and continually improve the tools you use every day. Featured GitHub Issues search now supports nested queries and boolean operators: Here’s how we (re)built it Plus, considerations in updating one of GitHub’s oldest and most heavily used features. Deborah Digges · May 13, 2025 Introducing sub-issues: Enhancing issue management on GitHub Explore the iterative development journey of GitHub’s sub-issues feature. Learn how we leveraged sub-issues to build and refine sub-issues, breaking down larger tasks into smaller, manageable ones. Shaun Wong · April 11, 2025 Breaking down CPU speed: How utilization impacts performance The Performance Engineering team at GitHub assessed how CPU performance degrades as utilization increases and how this relates to capacity. Andreas Strikos · November 25, 2024 How we improved push processing on GitHub Pushing code to GitHub is one of the most fundamental interactions that developers have with GitHub every day. Read how we have significantly improved the ability of our monolith to correctly and fully process pushes from our users. Will Haltom · June 11, 2024 We do newsletters, too Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs. Your work email address Subscribe Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See GitHub Privacy Statement for more details. Latest How we organize and get things done with SERVICEOWNERS Take CODEOWNERS and GitHub teams to the next level. Learn about how GitHub engineering solves the age old problem of who owns what. Max Beizer · December 19, 2023 Measuring Git performance with OpenTelemetry Use our new open source Trace2 receiver component and OpenTelemetry to capture and visualize telemetry from your Git commands. Jeff Hostetler · October 16, 2023 Optimize your GitHub Codespaces costs with upgraded virtual machines See how much more you can get out of GitHub Codespaces by taking advantage of the improved processing power and increased headroom in the next generation of virtual machines. Craig Peters · August 31, 2023 How we build containerized services at GitHub using GitHub Learn about how we build containerized services that power microservices on the GitHub.com platform and many internal tools. MV Karan & Catherine Weilaender · August 2, 2023 Crafting a better, faster code view The new GitHub Code View brings users many new features to improve the code reading and exploration experiences, and we overcame a number of unique technical hurdles in order to deliver those features without compromising performance. Joshua Brown · June 21, 2023 Building GitHub with Ruby and Rails Since the beginning, GitHub.com has been a Ruby on Rails monolith. Today, the application is nearly two million lines of code and more than 1,000 engineers collaborate on it daily.… Adam Hess · April 6, 2023 How GitHub Docs’ new search works GitHub Docs recently changed its site-search to Elasticsearch. Here’s how it was implemented. Peter Bengtsson · March 9, 2023 The technology behind GitHub’s new code search A look at what went into building the world’s largest public code search index. 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Carlos Martín Nieto & Thomas Gummerer · April 21, 2022 Performance at GitHub: deferring stats with rack.after_reply How we sped up GitHub.com by moving slow, non-critical code into rack.after_reply. blakewilliams · April 11, 2022 A brief history of code search at GitHub This blog post tells the story of why we built a new search engine optimized for code. Pavel Avgustinov · December 15, 2021 Improving GitHub code search Today, we are rolling out a technology preview for GitHub code search, the next iteration for search, discovery, and navigation on GitHub. Pavel Avgustinov · December 8, 2021 Posts pagination Page 1 Page 2 Next The world's largest developer platform Docs Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place. Go to Docs GitHub Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything. Start building Customer stories Meet the companies and engineering teams that build with GitHub. 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https://dev.to/johnstonlogan/react-hooks-barney-style-1hk7#what-is-a-hook-in-react	useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Logan Johnston Posted on Sep 1, 2020 • Edited on Sep 9, 2020           useState() vs setState() - Strings, Objects, and Arrays # react # hook # codenewbie # beginners The purpose of this article is to break down the use of the useState() React hook in an easy way using strings, objects, and arrays. We will also take a look at how these would be handled in class components. Disclaimer - I would normally create an onChange function separately but I find it easier to understand with an inline function. What is the setState function? The setState function is used to handle the state object in a React class component. This is something you will see a lot of in the examples below. Anytime you see a this.setState() this is how we are setting the state in a class component. What is a hook in React? React hooks were introduced in React v16.8. They allow you to use state and other React features without the need to create a class. Examples: Class component Functional component While these two code snippets look similar they do have slight differences in syntax, lifecycle methods, and state management. setState() vs useState() - Strings. setState() Class Component Using state in a class component requires the building of a state object. This state object is then modified by calling this.setState("new state"). In this example, we've created a state = { value: '' } object which has a value key and that key is initialized as an empty string. We've assigned an onChange event to the input so that every time we add or remove a character to the input we are calling the this.setState() . Here we areupdating the state using the value of the input ( e.target.value ) and setting it to the components state. useState() Functional Component With a functional component, we can use React hooks, specifically the useState() hook. This simplifies the creation of a state component and the function that updates it. We import {useState} from React and we are able to simply create a state and a function to set that state (state: value , setState: setValue ). The initial state of this component is set when calling useState , in this example, we are setting it to an empty string ( useState("") ). The only difference between the functional component and the class component at this point is instead of calling this.setState we use the function we created in the useState , in this case, setValue . setState() vs useState() - Objects. setState() Class Component Since state in a class component is already an object, it's business as usual. Use setState to populate the values of the state object. With the example above the users userName and email is stored in the state similar to the string version we talked about above. useState() Functional Component When we want to use the useState hook for an object we are going to initialize it to an empty object useState({}) . In this example, we are using the same setValue that we did in the string example but we've added a few things to our setValue function. First, we use the spread syntax to expand the current value before we add a new key-value pair. Second, we dynamically set the key using [e.target.name] , in this case, we are creating the key using the input's "name" attribute. Lastly, we are setting that key's value to the e.target.value . So after using the inputs we have an object with two keys {userName: "", email: ""} and their values. Creating an object could also be accomplished using multiple useState hooks and then bundling them into an object later if needed. See the example below. Note: I have my own preference for how to deal with objects while using hooks, and as you get more familiar you may find you enjoy either the class or functional component more than the other. setState() vs useState() - Arrays. Using arrays in stateful components can be extremely powerful, especially when creating things like a todo list. In these examples, we will be creating a very simple todo list. setState() Class Component When using an array in a stateful class component we need at least two keys in our state object. One would be the array itself todoArr: [] and the other would be the value that we are going to be pushing into the array todo: "" . In this example, we use the onChange attribute for our input to set the todo in our state object. We then have our Add Item button which when clicked will call our addItem function. In the addItem function we are going to create a list variable which is is an array that spreads the current todoArr and then adds the new todo item to the end of it. After creating the list array we use the setState function to replace the current todoArr with the new one and then set the todo back to an empty string to clear the input. Lastly at the bottom, we map through the current todoArr . The setState function will cause the component to rerender so every time you add an item it is immediately rendered onto the page. useState() Functional Component Dealing with the hooks in a function component seems extremely similar to the class component. We use the setTodo function to set our todo value in the onChange attribute of our input. We then have the same addItem function attached to the click of our Add Item button. The only difference we see here is that we don't create a list variable to pass into the hook. We could have avoided this in the class component but I think the readability when using the variable is much better. With the hook, I don't think the use of creating the list array beforehand is needed. We can spread the current array, add the new item, and then set the current todo back to an empty string so we can clear the input. Conclusion While using functional components with hooks is the new hotness, the state management is still very similar to the class components. If you're looking to start using function components with hooks over class components hopefully this post has helped you understand a little bit more about how to implement them. 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Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Logan Johnston Follow Full Stack Developer - React - Nodejs - Postgresql \| USN Veteran \| Web Design and Development Student Location San Diego, CA Joined Jun 29, 2020 Trending on DEV Community Hot How to Crack Any Software Developer Interview in 2026 (Updated for AI & Modern Hiring) # softwareengineering # programming # career # interview The First Week at a Startup Taught Me More Than I Expected # startup # beginners # career # learning From CDN to Pixel: A React App's Journey # react # programming # webdev # performance 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/ajtiti/ajtiti-41-postpandemiczne-przemyslenia-o-pracy-zdalnej#main-content	AjTiTi #41 - Postpandemiczne przemyślenia o pracy zdalnej - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close AjTiTi [PL] Follow AjTiTi #41 - Postpandemiczne przemyślenia o pracy zdalnej May 13 '22 play Czy praca zdalna działa? Czy jest dla każdego? Czy jako programiści zyskujemy, czy też tracimy na niej? Dzisiaj o naszych przemyśleniach na temat pracy zdalnej po ponad 2 letniej praktyce. Episode source Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   Arnas Sandnes Arnas Sandnes Arnas Sandnes Follow Joined Jun 24, 2024 • Jun 24 '24 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Czy gry komputerowe straciły dla Ciebie urok? Szukasz czegoś nowego i ekscytującego? Odkryj świat hazardu online i poczuj dreszczyk emocji! Zagraj w ulubione gry karciane i stołowe, spróbuj szczęścia na automatach, a może skusisz się na zakładu sportowe? Wejdź na onlinekasyno-polis.pl i odkryj najlepsze kasyna online w Polsce! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Your browser does not support the audio element. 1x initializing... × 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:32
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close # hook Follow Hide Create Post Older #hook posts 1 2 3 4 5 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu 🔑 O que é useId no React? Nathana Facion Nathana Facion Nathana Facion Follow Dec 27 '25 🔑 O que é useId no React? # react # hook # useid Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🧠 React useState Hook — Mastering State in Functional Components Aman Kureshi Aman Kureshi Aman Kureshi Follow Oct 29 '25 🧠 React useState Hook — Mastering State in Functional Components # webdev # react # hook # usestatehook Comments Add Comment 1 min read Introducción a CloudFormation Hooks: Validación Proactiva para una Nube Segura (en español sencillo) Pablo Gonzalez Robles Pablo Gonzalez Robles Pablo Gonzalez Robles Follow Jul 20 '25 Introducción a CloudFormation Hooks: Validación Proactiva para una Nube Segura (en español sencillo) # aws # cloudformation # hook # config Comments Add Comment 4 min read Share the state of a hook between components jealous jealous jealous Follow Jan 15 '25 Share the state of a hook between components # react # hook # typescript # houp Comments Add Comment 2 min read Understanding Hooks in the Phoenix Framework Rushikesh Pandit Rushikesh Pandit Rushikesh Pandit Follow Sep 30 '24 Understanding Hooks in the Phoenix Framework # elixir # webdev # javascript # hook 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read Reusable React Hook Form NISHARGA KABIR NISHARGA KABIR NISHARGA KABIR Follow Jun 22 '24 Reusable React Hook Form # reusable # hook # form # react 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Client side Git hooks 101 Sven Schwyn Sven Schwyn Sven Schwyn Follow Mar 31 '24 Client side Git hooks 101 # git # hook # commit # automation Comments Add Comment 5 min read React Hooks Kuk Hoon Ryou Kuk Hoon Ryou Kuk Hoon Ryou Follow Mar 29 '24 React Hooks # react # hook # coding # javascript 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 11 min read How not to useEffect Lucas Santos de Souza Lucas Santos de Souza Lucas Santos de Souza Follow Mar 1 '24 How not to useEffect # javascript # react # webdev # hook Comments Add Comment 3 min read Understanding useContext Hooks in React – An introduction and a Comprehensive Guide for Web Developers jlerocher jlerocher jlerocher Follow Feb 29 '24 Understanding useContext Hooks in React – An introduction and a Comprehensive Guide for Web Developers # javascript # react # webdev # hook 2 reactions Comments 2 comments 4 min read Understanding useState Hook in React – An introduction and a Comprehensive Guide for Web Developers jlerocher jlerocher jlerocher Follow Feb 29 '24 Understanding useState Hook in React – An introduction and a Comprehensive Guide for Web Developers # react # javascript # hook # webdev 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Understanding useEffect Hooks in React – An introduction and Comprehensive Guide for Web Developers jlerocher jlerocher jlerocher Follow Feb 29 '24 Understanding useEffect Hooks in React – An introduction and Comprehensive Guide for Web Developers # javascript # react # hook # webdev 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Reusable Code: React Custom Hooks Guide Nahidul Islam Nahidul Islam Nahidul Islam Follow Feb 23 '24 Reusable Code: React Custom Hooks Guide # webdev # react # hook # javascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read React Usecallback for Kids/Beginners Clara Situma Clara Situma Clara Situma Follow Feb 8 '24 React Usecallback for Kids/Beginners # react # webdev # javascript # hook 43 reactions Comments 17 comments 2 min read Optimizing Event Handlers in React using useCallback demola12 demola12 demola12 Follow Jan 27 '24 Optimizing Event Handlers in React using useCallback # javascript # typescript # react # hook 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 3 min read Understanding the useState Hook in React khaled-17 khaled-17 khaled-17 Follow Feb 7 '24 Understanding the useState Hook in React # react # hook # reactnative # reactjshook 5 reactions Comments 5 comments 2 min read Implement refetch with axis John Ding John Ding John Ding Follow Jan 11 '24 Implement refetch with axis # react # fetch # hook Comments Add Comment 1 min read Handle component state using local storage: useLocalStorage with Typescript Alaa Mohammad Alaa Mohammad Alaa Mohammad Follow Jan 7 '24 Handle component state using local storage: useLocalStorage with Typescript # react # hook # typescript # webdev 9 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Skills of writing unit test for react markzzw markzzw markzzw Follow Dec 29 '23 Skills of writing unit test for react # unittest # react # javascript # hook 5 reactions Comments 5 comments 6 min read The practice of using Microsoft OAuth in the React hook markzzw markzzw markzzw Follow Dec 27 '23 The practice of using Microsoft OAuth in the React hook # react # hook # microsoft # oauth 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Hooks in React Iz Mroen Iz Mroen Iz Mroen Follow Dec 18 '23 Hooks in React # react # hook # frontend # javascript 64 reactions Comments 5 comments 3 min read A Guide to Building Custom Hooks in React Hakki Hakki Hakki Follow Nov 30 '23 A Guide to Building Custom Hooks in React # react # javascript # hook Comments 1 comment 2 min read A Guide to React Custom Hooks Rasaf Ibrahim Rasaf Ibrahim Rasaf Ibrahim Follow Nov 18 '23 A Guide to React Custom Hooks # react # hook # javascript # webdev 122 reactions Comments 8 comments 3 min read React Performance Booster - Introduction to the useMemo hook Rasaf Ibrahim Rasaf Ibrahim Rasaf Ibrahim Follow Oct 26 '23 React Performance Booster - Introduction to the useMemo hook # react # usememo # hook # webdev 57 reactions Comments 27 comments 3 min read Mastering LocalStorage Management with React Hooks Ochuko Ekrresa Ochuko Ekrresa Ochuko Ekrresa Follow Oct 28 '23 Mastering LocalStorage Management with React Hooks # react # typescript # localstorage # hook 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read loading... trending guides/resources 🔑 O que é useId no React? 🧠 React useState Hook — Mastering State in Functional Components 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://www.linkedin.com/company/leading-edje?trk=public_profile_topcard-current-company	Leading EDJE \| LinkedIn Skip to main content LinkedIn Top Content People Learning Jobs Games Sign in Join for free Leading EDJE Information Technology & Services Dublin, OH 3,640 followers We unlock potential through technology by crafting bespoke solutions that positively disrupt and grow your business Follow Discover all 84 employees Report this company About us At Leading EDJE, we stand firmly on the conviction that technology represents the most powerful tool for transforming businesses and unlocking human potential. Our passionate team sees beyond code to recognize technology's true purpose: empowering people to achieve what was once impossible. As dedicated strategists, innovators, and partners in your success journey, we don't just solve problems—we craft bespoke solutions that positively disrupt your business. This collaborative approach ensures we're architecting comprehensive strategies that create sustainable competitive advantages, fundamentally enhancing what your organization can accomplish in today's rapidly evolving digital landscape. Ready to transform your business with tailored software solutions? Reach out to us at contactus@leadingedje.com or visit leadingedje.com to learn more. Website http://www.leadingedje.com External link for Leading EDJE Industry Information Technology & Services Company size 51-200 employees Headquarters Dublin, OH Type Partnership Founded 2007 Specialties Technical Architecture, Solutions Delivery, Program Delivery, Project Delivery, Consulting, Java, .NET, IT Solutions, Problem Solving, Web Development, Application Develpment, Cloud Services, AWS, and Mobile Develpment Locations Primary 6515 Longshore Loop Suite 300 Dublin, OH 43017, US Get directions Employees at Leading EDJE Matt Eland Ben Schwemlein Erica (Gingrich) Krumlauf David Michels See all employees Updates Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 13h Report this post Catch Victor Frye at CodeMash 2026—twice! Victor is presenting two sessions on cutting-edge development practices: DIET DOCKER: Crafting Lightweight Containers with Multi-Stage Builds Thursday, Jan 15 \| 12:15 - 1:15 PM Bloated images slow your builds at critical moments. Learn to craft efficient multi-stage Dockerfiles that deliver fast inner loops and secure production images. Testing, Evaluating, and Monitoring AI Agents (with Matt Eland ) Wednesday, Jan 14 \| 1:00 - 5:00 PM Hands-on workshop exploring on-device LLM evaluation using OpenTelemetry, Aspire, and Microsoft.Extensions.AI.Evaluation. Build integration tests, detect drift, and consistently deliver high-quality AI solutions. From container optimization to AI evaluation—Victor's got you covered. See you in Sandusky! Full event details: https://lnkd.in/eRnm3kua #CodeMash2026 #Docker #DevOps #AI #MachineLearning #OpenTelemetry #Containers #CloudNative 4 Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 14h Edited Report this post Matt Eland is bringing the magic to CodeMash 2026 with THREE sessions! Testing, Evaluating, and Monitoring AI Agents (with Victor Frye ) Wednesday, Jan 14 \| 1:00 - 5:00 PM Hands-on workshop: Run and evaluate LLMs on-device using OpenTelemetry, Aspire, and Microsoft.Extensions.AI.Evaluation. Write integration tests, detect drift, and build visuals to track AI system quality over time. Think Like a Computer (KidzMash) Thursday, Jan 15 \| 1:30 - 2:30 PM How do computers and programs actually work? Kids will represent different parts of a program and see how it all comes together—covering variables, loops, conditional logic, AI, and games through interactive fun! Dungeons & Debugging: Observability, Evaluation, and Analytics Battle AI Complexity Friday, Jan 16 \| 4:00 - 5:00 PM AI can level up your software, but like facing a rogue dragon, it brings unexpected challenges. Learn to harness .NET Aspire, OpenTelemetry, and Agent Framework to build a virtual game master that improves over time—while keeping your AI agents from going chaotic evil. Full event details: https://lnkd.in/eRnm3kua #CodeMash2026 #ArtificialIntelligence #AI #MachineLearning #OpenTelemetry #DotNet #KidzMash #STEM #LeadingEDJE 22 2 Comments Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 1w Report this post ⚡ Speed is everything in web design. Robert A. Fornal asks the question: Can we ditch JavaScript for CSS? Join his CodeMash Conference session exploring dozens of patterns where CSS replaces JS—faster. 📅 Thu, Jan 15 \| 2:45-3:45 PM 🔗 Register Now: https://lnkd.in/eJekNsbx Real code. Real tradeoffs. Real results. #CodeMash2026 #WebDev #CSS 14 Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 2w Report this post A holiday message from our CEO Joelle Brock and the entire team. Wishing you joy and peace this holiday season! 🎄 #HappyHolidays #MerryChristmas #RealFunGeeks #CultureMatters #GreatPlaceToWork #LeadingEDJE …more 68 Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 2w Report this post Celebrating wins, fostering connections, and giving back to our community - that's how we wrapped up 2025 at Leading EDJE! 🎄 Last week's holiday party brought our team together for an evening of celebration. Beyond the food and gift exchange, it was an opportunity to strengthen the relationships that drive our success year-round. We're especially proud of our team's generosity in supporting local children through toy donations. Giving back isn't just something we do during the holidays - it's woven into who we are as a company. As we head into 2026, we're grateful for a team that brings energy, creativity, and heart to everything they do. Here's to another year of growth, innovation, and great people! Wishing everyone a happy and healthy holiday season from all of us at Leading EDJE. 🎁 #Leadership #CompanyCulture #EmployeeAppreciation #CommunityGiving #TeamSuccess #HolidaySeason #GreatPlaceToWork #LeadingEDJE +3 26 Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 3w Report this post After nearly a decade of exceptional leadership and quality advocacy at Leading EDJE, Dennis Whalen has retired — fulfilling a wish he shared early in his career here: “This is the place I want to retire.” Dennis joined in 2016 to champion our growing Quality Automation practice and played a vital role in delivering many successful projects for clients. Beyond his client work, Dennis was a thought leader, publishing 45+ blog posts and mentoring colleagues with care and insight. His presence here was defined by excellence, empathy, and a genuine interest in the people around him. Dennis, thank you for everything you’ve done for our clients, our craft, and our culture. Wishing you much joy in retirement with your family, in sport, and in music. 59 8 Comments Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 3w Report this post AI tools like Copilot, Cursor, and Claude Code are becoming everyday coding partners — but they work best with codebases designed for them. Matt Eland shares practical ways to make your .NET projects easier for AI to understand, modify, and maintain. Key takeaways: 1️⃣ Foundations: Use Agents.md , focused README.mds , analyzers, and automated formatting to give AI better context and enforce standards. 2️⃣ Structural patterns: Global usings, centralized package management, convention‑based DI with Scrutor, single‑file components, and targeted AI context rules. 3️⃣ C# language features: required properties, var for simpler AI code generation, records with with, Mapperly for mappings, mindful naming, and reviewing old habits like underscore prefixes. If you want less AI churn, cleaner diffs, and fewer missed dependencies, this is a must‑read guide for modern C# teams. 📖 Read the full blog here → https://lnkd.in/eYMCMreP #DotNet #CSharp #AIProgramming #Copilot #CursorAI #ClaudeCode #SoftwareDevelopment #CodeQuality #DevTips #TechBlog #AIForDevs 9 1 Comment Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 3w Report this post 🎉 Happy EDJE-Versary to Andy Kofod , Robert A. Fornal , Kooper Smith , and Madison Lawton ! 🎉 We’re proud to celebrate another year of your dedication, expertise, and incredible contributions to Leading EDJE. Your hard work makes a real impact, and we’re grateful to have each of you on the team. Here’s to another year of success and innovation! 🙌 #LeadingEDJE #EDJEversary #WorkAnniversary #Teamwork #CompanyCulture 24 5 Comments Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 1mo Edited Report this post At Leading EDJE, we do much more than just write code — we solve complex business problems while growing together as a team. Every project brings new challenges, varied technologies, and the opportunity to ensure we deliver value for our clients. We are looking for experienced Senior+ Developers: ✅ Have 5+ years of full-stack development experience in full stack Java or .NET ✅ Can design, develop, and deploy in AWS, Azure, or GCP (bonus for IaC experience) ✅ Work confidently with RDBMS and/or NoSQL data stores ✅ Leverage DevSecOps best practices — CI/CD, automated testing, and code quality tools ✅ Thrives in fast-paced Agile consulting environments Here, curiosity and continuous learning aren’t just encouraged — they’re expected. You’ll collaborate with some of the most talented and imaginative problem-solvers in the business while taking on projects that keep you growing and innovating. Are you ready to thrive in a role where every day is different, your ideas matter, and your impact is tangible? Apply here: https://lnkd.in/eMw53BQn #Hiring #SeniorDeveloper #Java #DotNet #AWS #Azure #GCP #ConsultingCareers #FullStackDeveloper #DevSecOps #LeadingEDJE #TechJobs 38 Like Comment Share Leading EDJE 3,640 followers 1mo Report this post Leading EDJE’s own Robert A. Fornal will be taking the stage at OLF Conference 2025 this Saturday in Columbus! 📅 Saturday, Dec 6 – 3:00 PM ET 📍 Muirfield Ballroom, Sonesta Columbus Downtown Hotel 🎤 Session: The Impact of Testing on a DevOps Pipeline Bob will explore why “It works on my machine” isn’t enough, the importance of embedding active testing into your CI/CD pipeline, and the risks of leaving testing out. 🔗 Learn more: https://lnkd.in/eQFuQ9uS OLF Conference #DevOps #Testing #QualityEngineering #ColumbusTech #ConferenceSpeaker #LeadingEDJE 18 5 Comments Like Comment Share Join now to see what you are missing Find people you know at Leading EDJE Browse recommended jobs for you View all updates, news, and articles Join now Similar pages Code Squid LLC Professional Training and Coaching Grove City, Ohio Cardinal Health Hospitals and Health Care Dublin, OH G2O IT Services and IT Consulting Dublin, OH VideoBomb Marketing Services Nashville, Tennessee (TN) Quantum Health Hospitals and Health Care Dublin, Ohio CGI IT Services and IT Consulting Washington Prime Group Inc. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Next.js Follow Hide Next.js gives you hybrid static and server rendering, TypeScript support, smart bundling, route pre-fetching, and more. No config needed. Create Post submission guidelines Try to keep your posts somehow related to the Next.js framework. Think about what someone else would want to see when viewing this tag Other than that, be kind and respectful to everyone and their opinions/takes, and follow the conditions of use ! about #nextjs Next.js is an open-source web development framework built on top of Node.js enabling React based web applications functionalities such as server-side rendering and generating static websites. 📌 Official website: https://nextjs.org/ 📌 Getting started: https://nextjs.org/docs/getting-started 📌 Next.js in 100 seconds: https://youtu.be/Sklc_fQBmcs Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu How to Handle Stripe and Paystack Webhooks in Next.js (The App Router Way) Esimit Karlgusta Esimit Karlgusta Esimit Karlgusta Follow Jan 13 How to Handle Stripe and Paystack Webhooks in Next.js (The App Router Way) # api # nextjs # security # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Built a Production AI Chatbot (That Actually Handles Complexity) Rizwanul Islam Rizwanul Islam Rizwanul Islam Follow Jan 13 How I Built a Production AI Chatbot (That Actually Handles Complexity) # nextjs # ai # openai # architecture Comments Add Comment 2 min read Modernizing my Portfolio: From Vanilla PHP to Next.js (and why my server thought I was DDOSing it) Hendrik Haustein Hendrik Haustein Hendrik Haustein Follow Jan 12 Modernizing my Portfolio: From Vanilla PHP to Next.js (and why my server thought I was DDOSing it) # webdev # nextjs # react # germandev Comments Add Comment 4 min read Moving from Nextjs to Qwik Jaime Jaime Jaime Follow Jan 12 Moving from Nextjs to Qwik # nextjs # qwik # javascript # performance Comments Add Comment 5 min read How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase Sathish Sathish Sathish Follow Jan 12 How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase # webdev # ai # buildinpublic # nextjs Comments Add Comment 1 min read 🚀 AI Article Summarizer \| Fast & Clean AI-Powered Summary Tool Built with Next.js Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Jan 12 🚀 AI Article Summarizer \| Fast & Clean AI-Powered Summary Tool Built with Next.js # nextjs # ai # react # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building PDFMitra: A Free PDF Tool with Next.js 14 (Complete Tech Guide) 🚀 Praveen Nayak Praveen Nayak Praveen Nayak Follow Jan 12 Building PDFMitra: A Free PDF Tool with Next.js 14 (Complete Tech Guide) 🚀 # nextjs # typescript # webdev # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building a Job Board with Next.js and Supabase: The Backbone of PMHNP Hiring Sathish Sathish Sathish Follow Jan 12 Building a Job Board with Next.js and Supabase: The Backbone of PMHNP Hiring # buildinpublic # webdev # nextjs Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Create a Next.js Blog - Part 3: Advanced Features Raşit Raşit Raşit Follow Jan 12 How to Create a Next.js Blog - Part 3: Advanced Features # webdev # nextjs # headlesscms # elmapicms 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 9 min read I built a free JSON formatter tool (with $9 API option) Mustapha Kamel Alami Mustapha Kamel Alami Mustapha Kamel Alami Follow Jan 12 I built a free JSON formatter tool (with $9 API option) # showdev # nextjs # tooling # webdev Comments 1 comment 1 min read I built a Multi-Agent Academic Tutor using Next.js 14 & App Router yx j yx j yx j Follow Jan 11 I built a Multi-Agent Academic Tutor using Next.js 14 & App Router # showdev # webdev # ai # nextjs Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Create a Next.js Blog - Part 2: Table of Contents, Search, and Categories Raşit Raşit Raşit Follow Jan 11 How to Create a Next.js Blog - Part 2: Table of Contents, Search, and Categories # webdev # nextjs # headlesscms # elmapicms 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 12 min read I Built an AI-Powered Portfolio with Next.js, Supabase & Groq - Here's How chiheb nouri chiheb nouri chiheb nouri Follow Jan 11 I Built an AI-Powered Portfolio with Next.js, Supabase & Groq - Here's How # showdev # ai # nextjs # portfolio Comments Add Comment 2 min read Deploying Full-Stack Next.js Apps: Vercel vs Render Comparison Athashri Keny Athashri Keny Athashri Keny Follow Jan 11 Deploying Full-Stack Next.js Apps: Vercel vs Render Comparison # webdev # programming # vercel # nextjs Comments Add Comment 2 min read Next.js 15 App Router: Complete Guide to Server and Client Components jordan wilfry jordan wilfry jordan wilfry Follow Jan 10 Next.js 15 App Router: Complete Guide to Server and Client Components # nextjs # webdev # fullstack # programming 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 9 min read Introducing Neutra: A Minimal Template for Agencies Renildo Pereira Renildo Pereira Renildo Pereira Follow Jan 11 Introducing Neutra: A Minimal Template for Agencies # showdev # webdev # nextjs # react Comments Add Comment 1 min read How to Create a Next.js Blog - Part 1: Setup and Basic Structure Raşit Raşit Raşit Follow Jan 10 How to Create a Next.js Blog - Part 1: Setup and Basic Structure # nextjs # webdev # headlesscms # elmapicms 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read Building a Theme System with Next.js 15 and Tailwind CSS v4 (Without dark: Prefix) mukitaro mukitaro mukitaro Follow Jan 9 Building a Theme System with Next.js 15 and Tailwind CSS v4 (Without dark: Prefix) # nextjs # tailwindcss # css # webdev Comments Add Comment 5 min read Hacking the Chaos: Why I’m Building a "Matsuri" Platform in Tokyo Ko Takahashi Ko Takahashi Ko Takahashi Follow Jan 9 Hacking the Chaos: Why I’m Building a "Matsuri" Platform in Tokyo # webdev # nextjs # japan # startup Comments Add Comment 2 min read uilayouts: React/Next.js Component Library with Tailwind and Framer Motion jQueryScript jQueryScript jQueryScript Follow Jan 9 uilayouts: React/Next.js Component Library with Tailwind and Framer Motion # webdev # nextjs # react Comments Add Comment 1 min read Next.js Weekly #112: RSC Explorer, React 19.2 Async Shift, Vercel AI SDK 6, Base UI v1, shadcn/create, Next.js notFound() Bug Erfan Ebrahimnia Erfan Ebrahimnia Erfan Ebrahimnia Follow Jan 9 Next.js Weekly #112: RSC Explorer, React 19.2 Async Shift, Vercel AI SDK 6, Base UI v1, shadcn/create, Next.js notFound() Bug # webdev # nextjs # react Comments Add Comment 4 min read Why I dumped LAMP for Next.js + Groq to build an AI SaaS in 48 hours NizarHelius NizarHelius NizarHelius Follow Jan 10 Why I dumped LAMP for Next.js + Groq to build an AI SaaS in 48 hours # showdev # nextjs # ai # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read How I Generated 2,800+ SEO Pages for n8n Workflows using Next.js zo Aoo zo Aoo zo Aoo Follow Jan 9 How I Generated 2,800+ SEO Pages for n8n Workflows using Next.js # nextjs # seo # buildinpublic # webdev Comments Add Comment 3 min read Understanding Server Functions: TanStack Start vs Next.js Abdul Halim Abdul Halim Abdul Halim Follow Jan 8 Understanding Server Functions: TanStack Start vs Next.js # frontend # react # nextjs # tanstack Comments Add Comment 3 min read title: How I Optimized My AI Image App from 3s to 300ms with Next.js & Supabase Richard Richard Richard Follow Jan 8 title: How I Optimized My AI Image App from 3s to 300ms with Next.js & Supabase # ai # nextjs # supabase Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Choosing Between Vue.js and Next.js: A Practical Guide for Developers Turbopack: A Better Way to Inline SVG in Next.js 16 How to Build Multi-Language React Apps with Internationalization (i18n) React2Shell: The Critical RCE Vulnerability Every Next.js Developer Must Address Now The Worst Thing to Happen to React and Next.js: React2Shell Next.js Server Actions vs API Routes: Don’t Build Your App Until You Read This SvelteKit vs Next.js in 2026: Why the Underdog is Winning (A Developer’s Deep Dive) 🚨 Critical Next.js Vulnerability: Server Hijacked by Crypto Miner ⚠️ Critical RCE Vulnerability in React Server Components (CVSS 10.0) Build an award Winning 3D Website with scroll-based animations \| Next.js, three.js & GSAP I Built a Tool Because I Was Tired of Overthinking Comments Next.js at the Speed of Bun: Why the Runtime is Your New Performance Bottleneck Next.js 16: A Deep Dive into Cache Components with Real-World Examples 📺 IPTV-60 – Mon lecteur IPTV personnel en ligne Using Proxy (before Middleware) in Next.js: a modern layer How to connect the Next.js MCP server to VS Code Copilot Chat Building a Modern Image Gallery with Next.js 16, TypeScript & Unsplash API Setting Up SonarQube Locally for React Native & MERN Projects How Avoiding Next.js Turned Into a 9.8 CVE-Level Security Nightmare Critical Security Vulnerability in Next.js & React: CVE-2025-55182 (React2Shell) 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/t/solana	Solana - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Close # solana Follow Hide Topics related to the Solana blockchain and its development. Create Post Older #solana posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 12 Bags.fm: The Solana Launchpad That's Changing Creator Monetization # discuss # solana # cryptocurrency # webdev 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Solana Devnet: Everything You Need to Know JUMPBIT JUMPBIT JUMPBIT Follow Jan 10 Solana Devnet: Everything You Need to Know # solana # devnet # faucet # solanafaucet 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Your Solana Wallet is "Leaking" SOL (And How to Fix It) Mintora Mintora Mintora Follow Jan 6 Why Your Solana Wallet is "Leaking" SOL (And How to Fix It) # solana # web3 Comments Add Comment 2 min read Securing Solana AI Agents: A Developer Guide L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 Securing Solana AI Agents: A Developer Guide # solana # tutorial Comments Add Comment 4 min read rom BIP39 to a Solana address — in a native desktop app (C++) dreamyoak dreamyoak dreamyoak Follow Dec 28 '25 rom BIP39 to a Solana address — in a native desktop app (C++) # webdev # solana # buildinpublic # crypto Comments Add Comment 2 min read Shadow Signals: How Counterfactual Learning Recovers Missed Alpha Ronny Nyabuto Ronny Nyabuto Ronny Nyabuto Follow Dec 23 '25 Shadow Signals: How Counterfactual Learning Recovers Missed Alpha # alpha # cryptocurrency # solana # agents Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 8 Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide # solana # web3 # smartcontract # predictionmarket 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 11 min read J.P. Morgan issues commercial paper on Solana blockchain The_Bitcoiner The_Bitcoiner The_Bitcoiner Follow Dec 12 '25 J.P. Morgan issues commercial paper on Solana blockchain # solana # jpmorgan # realworldassets # tokenization Comments Add Comment 1 min read Is Solana Really Running Out of Memory? SolTap SolTap SolTap Follow Dec 1 '25 Is Solana Really Running Out of Memory? # solana # web3 # datastructures # development 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read 8 Blockchain Networks Developers Prefer for Real Throughput and Scalability in 2025 Chickie Abby Chickie Abby Chickie Abby Follow Nov 24 '25 8 Blockchain Networks Developers Prefer for Real Throughput and Scalability in 2025 # cryptocurrency # solana # bitcoin Comments Add Comment 2 min read LUMOS in 5 Minutes: Your First Solana Schema RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL Follow for LUMOS Dec 17 '25 LUMOS in 5 Minutes: Your First Solana Schema # solana # rust # typescript # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read Use LUMOS Without Installing Rust - npm Package Guide RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL Follow for LUMOS Dec 17 '25 Use LUMOS Without Installing Rust - npm Package Guide # solana # typescript # javascript # npm Comments Add Comment 2 min read Migrating from Manual Borsh to LUMOS: A Step-by-Step Guide RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL Follow for LUMOS Dec 17 '25 Migrating from Manual Borsh to LUMOS: A Step-by-Step Guide # solana # rust # typescript # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read Type-Safe Rust ↔ TypeScript Communication for Solana RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL Follow for LUMOS Dec 17 '25 Type-Safe Rust ↔ TypeScript Communication for Solana # solana # rust # typescript # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read LUMOS vs Codama: Understanding Solana's Schema Generation Tools RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL Follow for LUMOS Dec 17 '25 LUMOS vs Codama: Understanding Solana's Schema Generation Tools # solana # rust # typescript # webdev Comments Add Comment 3 min read LUMOS + Anchor: The Perfect Combo for Solana Development RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL RECTOR SOL Follow for LUMOS Dec 17 '25 LUMOS + Anchor: The Perfect Combo for Solana Development # solana # anchor # rust # typescript Comments Add Comment 2 min read Deploying Solana Anchor Programs Easily with Rocket Anchor Zak R. Zak R. Zak R. Follow Nov 10 '25 Deploying Solana Anchor Programs Easily with Rocket Anchor # solana # web3 # smartcontract # blockchain Comments Add Comment 3 min read My first flash loan protocol: A Solana adventure Ola Adesoye Ola Adesoye Ola Adesoye Follow Nov 22 '25 My first flash loan protocol: A Solana adventure # web3 # rust # solana # blockchain 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 12 min read Introducing Solana Instruction MCP — A Game-Changing Tool for Solana Developers 0xLivian 0xLivian 0xLivian Follow Oct 24 '25 Introducing Solana Instruction MCP — A Game-Changing Tool for Solana Developers # ai # solana # mcp Comments Add Comment 2 min read A Step-by-Step Guide to Connecting sol-mcp with Your AI IDE xabozhu xabozhu xabozhu Follow Oct 24 '25 A Step-by-Step Guide to Connecting sol-mcp with Your AI IDE # ai # mcp # solana # onchain 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read 🚀 Introducing Solana Instruction MCP — A Game-Changing Tool for Solana Developers 晓道晓道晓道 Follow Oct 24 '25 🚀 Introducing Solana Instruction MCP — A Game-Changing Tool for Solana Developers # mcp # solana # anchor Comments Add Comment 2 min read Solana Networking Unpacked: From TCP to QUIC, Quinn, and Transaction Flow Vijay Thopate Vijay Thopate Vijay Thopate Follow Nov 27 '25 Solana Networking Unpacked: From TCP to QUIC, Quinn, and Transaction Flow # solana # quic # web3 # turbine 1 reaction Comments 2 comments 8 min read How I Added On-Chain Rewards and NFTs to Solana Quiz: Practical Insights, Pitfalls, and Tips Dima Zaichenko Dima Zaichenko Dima Zaichenko Follow Nov 18 '25 How I Added On-Chain Rewards and NFTs to Solana Quiz: Practical Insights, Pitfalls, and Tips # solana # web3 # openai # rust 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 5 min read Obfuscating Solana Transaction Trails with Custom Entropy (Rust) c1oudM0 c1oudM0 c1oudM0 Follow Oct 9 '25 Obfuscating Solana Transaction Trails with Custom Entropy (Rust) # rust # solana # blockchain # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why Cogoma: Go Implementation of Codama IDL Ecosystem 晓道晓道晓道 Follow Oct 12 '25 Why Cogoma: Go Implementation of Codama IDL Ecosystem # solana # codama # idl Comments Add Comment 7 min read loading... trending guides/resources My first flash loan protocol: A Solana adventure Solana Networking Unpacked: From TCP to QUIC, Quinn, and Transaction Flow Is Solana Really Running Out of Memory? Use LUMOS Without Installing Rust - npm Package Guide Deploying Solana Anchor Programs Easily with Rocket Anchor LUMOS vs Codama: Understanding Solana's Schema Generation Tools rom BIP39 to a Solana address — in a native desktop app (C++) J.P. Morgan issues commercial paper on Solana blockchain Securing Solana AI Agents: A Developer Guide Shadow Signals: How Counterfactual Learning Recovers Missed Alpha Building a Prediction Market on Solana with Anchor: Complete Rust Smart Contract Guide LUMOS in 5 Minutes: Your First Solana Schema Migrating from Manual Borsh to LUMOS: A Step-by-Step Guide Type-Safe Rust ↔ TypeScript Communication for Solana LUMOS + Anchor: The Perfect Combo for Solana Development Solana Devnet: Everything You Need to Know 8 Blockchain Networks Developers Prefer for Real Throughput and Scalability in 2025 How I Added On-Chain Rewards and NFTs to Solana Quiz: Practical Insights, Pitfalls, and Tips 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://shop.protect.earth/	Support Rewilding and Restoration in the UK – Protect Earth Skip to content Home About About Our Purpose Meet The Team In The Press Get Involved Get Involved Businesses Landowners People & Families Events Articles Projects Act Now Act Now Donate Land Fund Impact Store Contact Log in Home About Our Purpose Meet The Team In The Press Get Involved Businesses Landowners People & Families Events Articles Projects Act Now Donate Land Fund Impact Store Contact Search Log in Cart Item added to your cart View cart Check out Continue shopping Sponsor a Tree Plant one tree in the UK and get a certificate, sponsoring a tree we’ve either recently planted, or will plant as soon as tree planting season kicks off again in October. Plant a Tree every month Plant a Tree every month Regular price £5.00 Regular price Sale price £5.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out Plant a Tree Plant a Tree Regular price £5.00 Regular price Sale price £5.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out Plant 5 Trees in the UK Plant 5 Trees in the UK Regular price £25.00 Regular price Sale price £25.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out Plant 25 Trees in the UK Sale Plant 25 Trees in the UK Regular price £120.00 Regular price £125.00 Sale price £120.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out Sale 1 / of 4 View all Support Nature Restoration We’ve got all sorts of other products rolling out that need funding, from hedgerows and wildflower meadows to ancient woodland restoration and invasive species removal. Sponsor these products to help fund the work, and get a certificate showing whats been done and where. Ancient Woodland Restoration Ancient Woodland Restoration Regular price £4.00 Regular price Sale price £4.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out Plant One Metre of Hedgerow Plant One Metre of Hedgerow Regular price £6.00 Regular price Sale price £6.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out Plant 10 Metres of Hedgerow Plant 10 Metres of Hedgerow Regular price £50.00 Regular price Sale price £50.00 Unit price /  per  Add to cart Sold out	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://shop.dev.to/pages/faqs	FAQs – Forem Shop Skip to content Home Collections Collections DEV CodeNewbie Forem DEV Challenges View All About FAQ Log in Country/region Albania (ALL L) Andorra (EUR €) Angola (USD $) Anguilla (XCD $) Antigua & Barbuda (XCD $) Argentina (USD $) Aruba (AWG ƒ) Australia (AUD $) Austria (EUR €) Bahamas (BSD $) Bahrain (USD $) Barbados (BBD $) Belgium (EUR €) Belize (BZD $) Benin (XOF Fr) Bermuda (USD $) Bhutan (USD $) Bosnia & Herzegovina (BAM КМ) Botswana (BWP P) Bouvet Island (USD $) Brazil (USD $) British Virgin Islands (USD $) Bulgaria (EUR €) Burkina Faso (XOF Fr) Cameroon (XAF CFA) Canada (CAD $) Cape Verde (CVE $) Caribbean Netherlands (USD $) Chile (USD $) China (CNY ¥) Colombia (USD $) Comoros (KMF Fr) Cook Islands (NZD $) Croatia (EUR €) Curaçao (ANG ƒ) Cyprus (EUR €) Czechia (CZK Kč) Denmark (DKK kr.) 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Opens in a new window.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.facebook.com/help/119468292028768?ref=dp	Facebook이 어떻게 다른 앱과 웹사이트에서 광고를 표시하는지 알아보기 \| Facebook 고객 센터 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https://www.git-tower.com/blog/tower-mac-13/	Tower 13 for Mac — Introducing Graphite Support \| Tower Blog You are using an outdated browser. Please upgrade your browser to improve your experience. Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download < Back to Blog Tower 13 for Mac — Introducing Graphite Support Bruno Brito June 2025 \| 8 min read Share: Tower 13 is here! If you are a fan of Stacked Pull Requests, "13" is indeed your lucky number! This update introduces seamless Graphite support for all the most popular actions, allowing you to manage your stacked branches and create Pull Requests without ever leaving our Git client. Our previous major release laid the groundwork for adding popular Git workflows by introducing Branch Dependency capabilities and the "Restack" action — and many Tower users have embraced this new workflow with open arms. Now, Tower 13 takes full advantage of this foundation to support Graphite tooling, enabling you to integrate changes into your project at a rapid pace. In this blog post, you will learn more about Graphite and its integration into Tower 13. If you prefer, you can also watch the 5-minute video tour below: About Graphite If you're looking to improve the Pull Request approval process in your organization and haven't heard about Graphite yet, we think you're missing out! Graphite provides a stack-based workflow that enables developers to work on multiple features simultaneously by stacking changes on top of each other. This approach is commonly referred to as the Stacked Pull Requests workflow . The concept is simple: by chaining incremental Pull Requests, there is less code to review, leading to faster code integration and a reduced likelihood of introducing bugs or running into major merge conflicts. For this approach to be successful, managing branches efficiently is paramount – and that's where Graphite shines! Even if you're the first (or only) person on your team to adopt this workflow, everything will work perfectly right away, so there's absolutely no reason not to give it a try 😉 In addition to effortless branch management, Graphite also provides its own interface for code reviews (check out Diamond — hot off the press!) and works alongside GitHub, enhancing its functionality. Apart from the Web UI, Graphite also offers: A CLI tool A VS Code extension You can learn more about Graphite in this blog post . We thought it would be nice to integrate these features into a Git client, so we rolled up our sleeves and built just that. Let's begin the guided tour! Working with Graphite in Tower 13 To get started, click the "Workflow" button available in the toolbar and pick the new entry: Graphite.dev! Tower 13 – Enabling the Graphite Workflow ☝️ Please note that you need to have a Graphite.dev account and the Graphite CLI tool installed (version 1.5.3 or higher) . You will then be prompted to define the "Trunk" branch (usually main ) and enter your Graphite token (more info here ) and the path to the Graphite binary. We recommend installing the Graphite binary using homebrew , as Tower should automatically detect it. That said, Tower also supports detection via npm (the standard package manager for Node.js), so it should pick it up as well. Tower 13 — Configure Graphite Workflow With everything set up, Tower will automatically load the branch information from Graphite by executing the command that CLI Graphite users recognize as gt state in the background. You may have noticed that the "Workflow" icon has switched to Graphite. By clicking the button, you will be able to quickly access some of Graphite's most popular commands and open the Graphite dashboard in your browser. Tower 13 – Graphite Workflow in Toolbar All right, this is the perfect time to explore the Graphite commands that you can effortlessly run in Tower! Working Copy With the Graphite workflow enabled, the first thing you will notice is that there are new options available in the "Working Copy" view. We've added a new "Create" action that allows you to instantly create a new branch with the staged changes (the equivalent of gt create in Graphite's CLI tool). This is a good practice within the Graphite workflow, as it is recommended to treat each branch as an atomic changeset containing, at least initially, a single commit. The "Commit" action functions like the gt modify --commit command in Graphite: it adds a new commit to the currently checked-out branch and automatically restacks if necessary, provided there are no conflicts. Tower 13 — "Working Copy" view ☝️ Tower's "Quick Amend" feature also works with the Graphite workflow. To modify the current branch by amending its commit, hold the Option key ( ⌥ ) and the "Commit" button will be renamed to "Modify". This is the equivalent of running gt modify in Graphite's CLI tool. Creating a Stacked Branch Graphite is all about Stacked Branches, and creating a new one couldn't be easier: just right-click on the "Branches" view in the sidebar to create a new stacked branch. Tower 13 — Create New Stacked Branch In the next dialog, you can select its parent branch for easy integration and choose to pin it and/or check it out immediately. Tower 13 — Create New Stacked Branch Dialog Managing Branches You can also create a new stacked branch by right-clicking on any branch and selecting the preferred option from the context menu. Additionally, you can perform all other common Graphite operations, such as renaming, merging, squashing, or deleting branches. Tower 13 – Graphite Commands in Context Menu Setting the Parent Branch At any moment, you can change the parent branch of a branch; this works in the same way as you would for Stacked Branches — by accessing the context menu and clicking on "Track Parent Branch." In Graphite terminology, you may know this as "tracking" ( gt track ) and "untracking" ( gt untrack ) a stacked branch. Tower 13 – Setting the Parent Branch Restacking Restacking synchronizes all changes by rebasing each child branch onto its parent branch. Tower will display an icon in the sidebar for the branches that require restacking, and you can easily perform this action by right-clicking the desired branch and selecting "Restack [Branch]". In the branch's history view, you will also notice a yellow banner informing you that the branch needs restacking. Tower 13 — Restack Branch In the "Restack Branch" dialog, you will notice a "Restack Full Stack" option. If this option is not active, Tower/Graphite will restack the selected branch and all its parent branches. If the option is selected, the children of the branch will also be restacked (hence the name "full stack"). Tower will notify you of any conflicts that may arise during the restacking operation. Tower 13 — Restack Branch Dialog Syncing a Branch Right-clicking any branch will also give you the option to "sync" it. As the name suggests, this will synchronize all the branches in the stack, similar to running the gt get command. Tower 13 — Sync Branch Dialog Tower also provides you with additional options, such as the ability to restack all branches in your repository. Submitting a Branch (To Create a Pull Request) You can submit a branch (effectively creating a PR) by right-clicking the branch and choosing the appropriate option from the context menu. You can access additional options by clicking the drop-down arrow, such as updating only the branches that already have open PRs. Tower 13 — Submit Branch to Graphite All available Pull Requests can be quickly accessed in Tower's "Pull Requests" view, located in the sidebar or by using the shortcut ⌘ + 4 . Tower 13 — Pull Requests This view enables you to inspect, merge, close, comment on, or check out pull requests without the need to open a browser window. Merge Queue Graphite offers a Merge Queue feature that prevents semantic merge conflicts by automating the rebase process during merges. This ensures that the trunk branch remains "green", allowing development teams to progress more quickly with fewer disruptions. In Tower, if merging is possible, the Graphite branch is added to the merge queue. The merge is performed asynchronously, so be sure to manually refresh and sync the branch afterwards to check if it has been merged. When a Graphite branch is submitted to the merge queue, it is validated remotely to determine if it can be merged. If merging is possible, it is merged; if not, the process fails. To run this operation, simply right-click the branch and select "Add [BRANCH] to Merge Queue…" from Tower's context menu. Tower 13 — Graphite's Merge Queue Warning Messages While using Tower, you may inadvertently disrupt Graphite's state by performing certain Git operations, such as a git push , shown below. Tower will alert you whenever this situation may arise before you continue. Tower 13 — Warning Message These prompts can be enabled and disabled by visiting the "Integration" tab in Tower's Settings. Tower 13 — Integration Settings Other Improvements As usual, we have also taken the time to make some other enhancements behind the scenes. Here is the list of improvements and bugs that we have worked on: Rounded Avatars: Tower now displays rounded avatars for authors and committers. Working Copy: Tower could crash if a user profile referenced an invalid signing key. This has been fixed. History View improvements: Enhanced commit loading performance with signature verification enabled. Fixed issues with scroll position reset and empty list display . Resolved high CPU usage problem caused by GPG key server interactions. We hope you enjoy this release! Happy stacking! 😊 Not a Tower user yet? Download our 30-day free trial and experience a better way to work with Git! Try Tower 13 Now PS: Did you know? Tower Pro is now free for students as well as teachers and educational institutions! Table of Contents Introduction About Graphite Working with Graphite in Tower 13 Other Improvements We make Tower, the best Git client. Try Tower Now Search the Blog Related Posts Meet Graphite – The AI Developer Productivity Platform Tired of endless code review cycles? Find out how Graphite's AI-powered platform and stacked PRs are helping teams like Asana and Vercel ship code faster. Understanding the Stacked Pull Requests Workflow In this post, let's explore the “Stacked Pull Requests” workflow: who it is intended for, its benefits, and the challenges associated with this approach. How Framer Manages Their Codebase with Tower We sat down with Jonas Treub and Niels van Hoorn from the Framer team to understand how Tower assists them in version controlling the Framer codebase, so that their users can build stunning websites. We make Tower, the best Git client for Mac and Windows. We help over 100,000 users in companies like Apple, Google, Amazon, Twitter, and Ebay to easily & productively work with the Git version control system. Try it 30 days for free Your Download is in Progress… Giveaways. Cheat Sheets. eBooks. Discounts. And great content from our blog! Yes, I want the free newsletter that's loved by over 100,000 developers and designers. It's free, it's sent infrequently (approx. once a month) and you can unsubscribe any time. I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . I understand that I can unsubscribe at any time. Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. Free email course " Learn Git with Tower " (8 emails) Free email course " Tips & Tricks for Tower " (10 emails) I have read and accept the Privacy Policy . 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https://www.spreaker.com/user/14532324/s3e8-houssein-djirdeh-from-hating-progra	S3E8 \| Houssein Djirdeh From Hating Programming to Life At Google <div wire:snapshot="{"data":[],"memo":{"id":"NsKVacPLUTGCne7xTh2d","name":"audio","path":"episode\/s3e8-houssein-djirdeh-from-hating-programming-to-life-at-google--52094564","method":"GET","children":[],"scripts":["1421	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://www.git-tower.com/store/tower-for-teams	Tower for Teams \| Tower Git Client Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Tower for Teams See for yourself how Tower can help you build better software and try it with your whole team - for free! Try Tower in Your Team We offer free, multi-user trials for Tower so you can test it with your whole team. Simply get in touch with us and we'll help you get started. 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https://blog.jetbrains.com/idea/	IntelliJ IDEA \| The IntelliJ IDEA Blog Skip to content Topics Search Language English Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Русский 简体中文 Português do Brasil Türkçe Burger menu icon IDEs CLion DataGrip DataSpell Fleet GoLand IntelliJ IDEA PhpStorm PyCharm RustRover Rider RubyMine WebStorm Plugins & Services Big Data Tools Code With Me JetBrains Platform Scala Toolbox App Writerside JetBrains AI Grazie Junie JetBrains for Data Kineto Team Tools Datalore Space TeamCity Upsource YouTrack Hub Qodana CodeCanvas Matter .NET & Visual Studio .NET Tools ReSharper C++ Languages & Frameworks Kotlin Ktor MPS Amper Education & Research JetBrains Academy Research Company Company Blog Security IntelliJ IDEA IntelliJ IDEA – the Leading IDE for Professional Development in Java and Kotlin Follow Follow: Linkedin Linkedin Bluesky Bluesky X X Facebook Facebook Youtube Youtube RSS RSS Download All News Releases Livestreams Tips & Tricks Early Access Program Plugins Promo image IntelliJ IDEA IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3 IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3 Is Out Now! IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3 has arrived!  This version brings significant updates designed to streamline your productivity and help you confidently adopt the latest innovations across the Java ecosy… Read article Java Annotated Monthly – January 2026 Happy New Year and welcome to the first Java Annotated Monthly of 2026! We hope this year brings fresh ideas, smarter ways to stay productive, and innovation that lasts. Irina Mariasova Thread Dumps and Project Loom (Virtual Threads) If you’ve been keeping up with Java virtual threads, you already know that this hot new feature significantly improves hardware utilization for parallel I/O-bound operations. Virtual threads map multiple concurrent I/O operations to a single OS thread without blocking. The novel aspect of this appr… Igor Kulakov IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3.1 Is Out! IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3.1 is out with a number of useful fixes. You can update to this version from inside the IDE, using the Toolbox App, or using snaps if you are a Ubuntu user. You can also download it from our website. The latest update brings the following improvements: The IDE once agai… Maria Kosukhina The Ultimate Guide to Successfully Adopting Kotlin in a Java-Dominated Environment A complete guide to adopting Kotlin step by step, from the initial tests to full-scale rollout. One file you can share with any engineer or manager. Alyona Chernyaeva The Unified IntelliJ IDEA: More Free Features, a Better Experience, Smoother Flow IntelliJ IDEA is now a unified product! As we announced back in July, starting from this release (2025.3), there is one IntelliJ IDEA, replacing the separate IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition and IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate to keep things simple and convenient. All the functionality of the Community Edi… Julia Shashkova Meet the Islands Theme – The New Default Look for JetBrains IDEs The Islands theme is now the default look across JetBrains IDEs starting with version 2025.3.This update is more than a visual refresh. It’s our commitment to creating a soft, balanced environment designed to support focus and comfort throughout your workflow. We began introducing … Olga Berdnikova What’s Fixed in IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3 In this release, we have resolved over 800 bug reports and usability issues throughout the IDE. Check out the most impactful changes that will help you work with greater confidence every day. Dmitriy Smirnov Java Annotated Monthly – December 2025 This month brings significant developments throughout the Java ecosystem. Java has begun announcing JEPs targeted for the upcoming release, while Spring has unveiled major updates with Spring Framework 7 and Spring Boot 4. As always, we've curated the most interesting articles, videos, and podcas… Irina Mariasova The Deprecation of K1 Mode As the next step in the evolution of K2 mode, we are officially deprecating its predecessor, K1 mode. Teodor Irkhin Dec 11 2025 New Livestream: Engineers Talk About Spring Boot 4, Life, and Other Stuff Join us as we welcome the Spring team and Evgeny Borisov for a new IntelliJ IDEA livestream, where we’ll discuss what’s new in Spring Boot 4 and how all the new updates work in IntelliJ IDEA. Anna Rovinskaia IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3 Release Candidate Is Here The Release Candidate for IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3 is now available, and we’re closing the Early Access Program for this development cycle.  Thank you to everyone who evaluated the EAP builds, shared feedback, and reported issues. Your input has been invaluable in shaping the upcoming releas… Maria Kosukhina One Could Simply Add Nullability Check Support… Without Even Noticing It In IntelliJ IDEA 2025.3, JSpecify becomes the preferred nullability source. When it’s present on the classpath, the IDE automatically recognizes and even generates JSpecify annotations via quick-fixes and refactorings. Andrei Kogun Load more Subscribe to IntelliJ IDEA Blog updates Subscribe form Submit button By submitting this form, I agree to the JetBrains Privacy Policy By submitting this form, I agree that JetBrains s.r.o. ("JetBrains") may use my name, email address, and location data to send me newsletters, including commercial communications, and to process my personal data for this purpose. I agree that JetBrains may process said data using third-party services for this purpose in accordance with the JetBrains Privacy Policy . I understand that I can revoke this consent at any time in my profile . In addition, an unsubscribe link is included in each email. Thanks, we've got you! Privacy & Security Terms of Use Legal Genuine tools Language English Deutsch Español Français 日本語 한국어 Русский 简体中文 Português do Brasil Türkçe Twitter Facebook Linkedin Instagram Youtube RSS Tiktok Merchandise store icon Merchandise store Copyright © 2000 JetBrains s.r.o.	2026-01-13T08:48:32
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https://www.git-tower.com/help/videos/more-productive-in-git/	More Productive in Git with Tower \| Tower Help Tower Navigation Features Undo Anything Just press Cmd+Z Drag and Drop Make the complex effortless Integrations Use your favorite tools Tower Workflows Branching Configurations Stacked Pull Requests Supercharged workflows All Features Release Notes Pricing Support Documentation Contact Us Account Login Learn Git Video Course 24 episodes Online Book From novice to master Cheat Sheets For quick lookup Webinar Learn from a Git professional First Aid Kit Recover from mistakes Advanced Git Kit Dive deeper Blog Download Download Contents Videos More Productive in Git with Tower Videos Getting Started with Tower Learning Git with Tower What is Version Control? Installing and Configuring Git A Basic Workflow of Version Control Creating a New Local Repository Cloning an Existing Repository Inspecting Local Changes Staging & Committing Changes Commit History Ignoring Files An Introduction to Branches Creating & Checking Out Branches Merging Branches Stashing Changes Dealing with Merge Conflicts Undoing Things Tags Introduction to Remote Repositories Connecting a Remote Repository Sharing Data on a Remote Repository Publishing a Local Repository on Remote Pushing Changes to a Remote Pulling & Fetching Changes Rebase as an Alternative to Merge Branching Workflows More Productive in Git with Tower Drag and Drop Quick Open Quick Actions Commit Details Chunk & Line Staging Interactive Rebase Reflog Undoing Things Image Diffing User Profiles Keyboard Shortcuts Search Search GitHub One-Click Cloning File History Navigation Submodules Pull Requests Surviving with Git Discarding All Local Changes in a File Restoring a Deleted File Discarding Chunks / Lines in a File Discarding All Local Changes Fixing the Last Commit Reverting a Commit in the Middle Resetting to an Old Revision Resetting a File to an Old Revision Recovering Deleted Commits Recovering a Deleted Branch Moving a Commit to a New Branch Moving a Commit to a Different Branch Editing Old Commit Messages Deleting Old Commits Squashing Multiple Commits into One Adding a Change to an Old Commit Splitting / Editing an Old Commit Drag and Drop 2 min episode 1 of 18 Many complex tasks can be performed with a simple drag and drop in Tower. Watch Quick Open 1 min episode 2 of 18 Find and open your repositories easily (without touching the mouse). Watch Quick Actions 3 min episode 3 of 18 Navigate and perform many actions without having to dig through your repository. Watch Commit Details 1 min episode 4 of 18 Take a closer look at a commit and get a detailed picture of the changes introduced by it. Watch Chunk & Line Staging 2 min episode 5 of 18 The ability to stage and discard individual chunks and lines is a powerful way to create really precise commits. Watch Interactive Rebase 3 min episode 6 of 18 Interactive Rebase allows you to manipulate your old commit history in almost any way. Watch Reflog 2 min episode 7 of 18 You can quickly and easily undo HEAD pointer movements (commit, reset, checkout...) using the Reflog in Tower. Watch Undoing Things with Tower 2 min episode 8 of 18 Tower allows you to undo many Git actions, simply by pressing the handy keyboard shortcut Cmd+Z. Watch Image Diffing 1 min episode 9 of 18 Our image specific diff view allows you to look at each image separately and inspect them in detail. Watch User Profiles 2 min episode 10 of 18 Tower allows you to easily manage User Profiles and switch them for your commits and repositories. Watch Keyboard Shortcuts 3 min episode 11 of 18 There are many keyboard shortcuts available for you to use in Tower saving you time and effort. Watch Search 2 min episode 12 of 18 Tower's Search functionality offers you a lot of flexibility to dive deep in a repository and find the data you need. Watch Search GitHub 1 min episode 13 of 18 Tower allows you to quickly search for and clone public GitHub repositories. Watch One-Click Cloning 1 min episode 14 of 18 You can clone a repository with just a single click in Tower using the Services View. Watch File History 1 min episode 15 of 18 Tower's File History is a helpful feature that shows you how a certain file evolved through the course of a project. Watch Navigation 1 min episode 16 of 18 In Tower, browsing a repository as easy as using a web browser. Watch Submodules 3 min episode 17 of 18 Submodules can be quite difficult to manage on the command line, but Tower makes handling submodules easy. Watch Pull Requests 2 min episode 18 of 18 Tower allows you to manage the most important aspects of Pull Requests from within the app. Watch Tower Homepage Releases Download for macOS Download for Windows Support Guides Videos Webinars Contact Us Company About Blog Press Jobs Merch Imprint / Legal Notice   \|   Privacy Policy   \|   Privacy Settings © 2010-2026 Tower - Mentioned product names and logos are property of their respective owners. Your trial is downloading… Try Tower "Pro" for 30 days without limitations! Tower Close Updates, Courses & Content via Email Updates about Tower, discounts, and giveaways as well as new content from the Tower blog. 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This release brings full compatibility with .NET 10 and comprehens… Read article dotInsights \| January 2026 Did you know? In C# default interface methods allow you to include a method implementation directly in an interface. Welcome to dotInsights by JetBrains! This newsletter is the home for recent .NET and software development related information. 🔗 Links Here’s the latest from the develope… Rachel Appel ReSharper and Rider 2025.3.1 Released: Next Edit Suggestions and Other Important Updates Since the 2025.3 release, we’ve published several rapid-response updates (2025.3.0.1–2025.3.0.4) for ReSharper and Rider to address the most urgent issues as quickly as possible. The 2025.3.1 update brings all of those fixes together and includes additional improvements that required more time to im… Sasha Ivanova Rider and ReSharper 2025.3.0.4: Important Updates Released Another set of updates for the 2025.3 versions of ReSharper and Rider has just been released. This release contains important bug-fixes as well as feature updates. Let’s take a look at what’s been improved. Rider 2025.3.0.4 Multi-agent experience in the AI Chat window: Junie and Claude Agen… Sasha Ivanova Meet the Islands Theme – The New Default Look for JetBrains IDEs The Islands theme is now the default look across JetBrains IDEs starting with version 2025.3.This update is more than a visual refresh. It’s our commitment to creating a soft, balanced environment designed to support focus and comfort throughout your workflow. We began introducing … Olga Berdnikova 5 Stories Of Developers Using JetBrains Rider to Create, Collaborate, and Have Fun A year ago, we introduced a free non-commercial use license option for JetBrains Rider, hoping to remove barriers for developers who code with no financial objective in mind for their projects. Recently, we put out a call for your stories – curious to learn how you've been using Rider throughout thi… Sasha Ivanova dotInsights \| December 2025 Did you know? Calling GC.Collect() explicitly forces the garbage collector to run and reclaim memory from unreachable objects. However, it’s generally discouraged to use this method in most applications because the garbage collector is highly optimized to run automatically. Forcing it can lead to pe… Rachel Appel ReSharper and Rider 2025.3.0.3: A Fresh Set of Updates Released Another set of updates for the 2025.3 versions of ReSharper and Rider has just been released. Let’s take a look at what’s been improved. ReSharper 2025.3.0.3 The most notable fix of this build is that extension methods from source-only NuGet packages are now recognized correctly in the editor… Sasha Ivanova More Updates and Fixes for ReSharper and Rider 2025.3 A second set of updates and bug fixes for the 2025.3 release of ReSharper and Rider has just been made public.  Let’s take a look at what’s been improved. ReSharper 2025.3.0.2  Visual Studio 2026 no longer displays the warning that ReSharper uses the deprecate… Sasha Ivanova Database Features in Rider Rider provides robust support for working with databases directly within the IDE - powered by DataGrip! Rider and DataGrip smooth development workflows by allowing you to manage and interact with a variety of database systems. This integration enhances productivity for developers who frequently work… Rachel Appel JetBrains Is Heading to VSLive! Orlando Next week we’ll be in Orlando, Florida for Visual Studio Live!, and if you work with .NET, we’d like to meet you. 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https://dumb.dev.to/code-of-conduct#our-pledge	Code of Conduct - DUMB DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DUMB DEV Community Close Code of Conduct Last updated July 31, 2023 All participants of DEV Community are expected to abide by our Code of Conduct and Terms of Service , both online and during in-person events that are hosted and/or associated with DEV Community. Our Pledge In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as moderators of DEV Community pledge to make participation in our project and our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of experience, nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation. Our Standards Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment include: Using welcoming and inclusive language Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences Referring to people by their pronouns and using gender-neutral pronouns when uncertain Gracefully accepting constructive criticism Focusing on what is best for the community Showing empathy towards other community members Citing sources if used to create content (for guidance see DEV Community: How to Avoid Plagiarism ) Following our AI Guidelines and disclosing AI assistance if used to create content Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include: The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or advances The use of hate speech or communication that is racist, homophobic, transphobic, ableist, sexist, or otherwise prejudiced/discriminatory (i.e. misusing or disrespecting pronouns) Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks Public or private harassment Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic address, without explicit permission Plagiarizing content or misappropriating works Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting Dismissing or attacking inclusion-oriented requests We pledge to prioritize marginalized people's safety over privileged people's comfort. We will not act on complaints regarding: 'Reverse' -isms, including 'reverse racism,' 'reverse sexism,' and 'cisphobia' Reasonable communication of boundaries, such as 'leave me alone,' 'go away,' or 'I'm not discussing this with you.' Someone's refusal to explain or debate social justice concepts Criticisms of racist, sexist, cissexist, or otherwise oppressive behavior or assumptions Enforcement Violations of the Code of Conduct may be reported by contacting the team via the abuse report form or by sending an email to support@dev.to . All reports will be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response that is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately. Moderators have the right and responsibility to remove comments or other contributions that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct or to suspend temporarily or permanently any members for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful. If you agree with our values and would like to help us enforce the Code of Conduct, you might consider volunteering as a DEV moderator. Please check out the DEV Community Moderation page for information about our moderator roles and how to become a mod. Attribution This Code of Conduct is adapted from: Contributor Covenant, version 1.4 Write/Speak/Code Geek Feminism 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DUMB DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DUMB DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:32
https://dumb.dev.to/code-of-conduct#enforcement	Code of Conduct - DUMB DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DUMB DEV Community Close Code of Conduct Last updated July 31, 2023 All participants of DEV Community are expected to abide by our Code of Conduct and Terms of Service , both online and during in-person events that are hosted and/or associated with DEV Community. Our Pledge In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as moderators of DEV Community pledge to make participation in our project and our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body size, disability, ethnicity, gender identity and expression, level of experience, nationality, personal appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation. Our Standards Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment include: Using welcoming and inclusive language Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences Referring to people by their pronouns and using gender-neutral pronouns when uncertain Gracefully accepting constructive criticism Focusing on what is best for the community Showing empathy towards other community members Citing sources if used to create content (for guidance see DEV Community: How to Avoid Plagiarism ) Following our AI Guidelines and disclosing AI assistance if used to create content Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include: The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or advances The use of hate speech or communication that is racist, homophobic, transphobic, ableist, sexist, or otherwise prejudiced/discriminatory (i.e. misusing or disrespecting pronouns) Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks Public or private harassment Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic address, without explicit permission Plagiarizing content or misappropriating works Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a professional setting Dismissing or attacking inclusion-oriented requests We pledge to prioritize marginalized people's safety over privileged people's comfort. We will not act on complaints regarding: 'Reverse' -isms, including 'reverse racism,' 'reverse sexism,' and 'cisphobia' Reasonable communication of boundaries, such as 'leave me alone,' 'go away,' or 'I'm not discussing this with you.' Someone's refusal to explain or debate social justice concepts Criticisms of racist, sexist, cissexist, or otherwise oppressive behavior or assumptions Enforcement Violations of the Code of Conduct may be reported by contacting the team via the abuse report form or by sending an email to support@dev.to . All reports will be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response that is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately. Moderators have the right and responsibility to remove comments or other contributions that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct or to suspend temporarily or permanently any members for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate, threatening, offensive, or harmful. If you agree with our values and would like to help us enforce the Code of Conduct, you might consider volunteering as a DEV moderator. Please check out the DEV Community Moderation page for information about our moderator roles and how to become a mod. Attribution This Code of Conduct is adapted from: Contributor Covenant, version 1.4 Write/Speak/Code Geek Feminism 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DUMB DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DUMB DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:32

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