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https://dev.to/x0x7b/observing-behavioral-anomalies-in-web-applications-beyond-signature-scanners-g6p	Observing Behavioral Anomalies in Web Applications Beyond Signature Scanners - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse 0x7b Posted on Jan 12 Observing Behavioral Anomalies in Web Applications Beyond Signature Scanners # monitoring # performance # security # testing Most web scanners rely on payload signatures and response matching. In practice, I often see cases where the server behaves differently without any explicit error: latency spikes unexpected redirects status changes Signature-based tools usually report these scenarios as “clean”, even though they indicate backend instability or logic issues. The challenge is that these anomalies don’t fit traditional vulnerability categories like SQLi or XSS — they’re about how the system reacts under unusual input, not whether a known exploit triggers. Example Observation Below is a sample result from testing http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php: Screenshot showing latency spikes (RTT) and body hash changes for specific inputs. Signature-based scanners would likely mark this as “clean”. Notice: artist=SLEEP(1) causes response time to jump from ~197ms → 3212ms BODY_HASH changes indicate server response altered Other inputs (%22, %5C, %255c) also trigger body changes without explicit errors These anomalies highlight how a server can behave unexpectedly under test conditions, which traditional signature-based scanners often miss. I’m curious how others in web security detect and interpret these kinds of behavioral anomalies during testing. 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https://dev.to/ed-wantuil/cloud-sem-falencia-o-minimo-que-voce-precisa-saber-de-finops-8ao#comments	Cloud Sem Falência: O mínimo que você precisa saber de FinOps - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Ed Wantuil Posted on Jan 12           Cloud Sem Falência: O mínimo que você precisa saber de FinOps # devops # cloud # braziliandevs Imagine a cena: você trabalha em uma empresa consolidada. Vocês têm aquele rack de servidores físicos robusto, piscando luzinhas em uma sala gelada, com piso elevado e controle biométrico (o famoso On-Premise ). Tudo funciona. O banco de dados aguenta o tranco, a latência é zero na rede local. Mas a diretoria decide que é hora de "modernizar". "Vamos migrar para a Nuvem!" , dizem eles, com os olhos brilhando. A promessa no PowerPoint é sedutora: flexibilidade infinita , segurança gerenciada e o mantra mágico: "pagar só pelo que usar" . A migração acontece via Lift-and-Shift (pegar o que existe e jogar na nuvem sem refatorar). A equipe de Infra e Dev comemoram. O Deploy é um sucesso. Três meses depois, chega a fatura da AWS. O diretor financeiro (CFO) não apenas cai da cadeira; ele convoca uma reunião de emergência. O custo, que antes era uma linha fixa e previsível no balanço anual, triplicou e agora flutua violentamente. O que deu errado? Simples: A engenharia tratou a Nuvem como um Data Center físico, apenas alugado. Hoje, vamos falar sobre os riscos dessa mudança e como aplicar FinOps não como burocracia, mas como requisito de arquitetura. (Nota: Usaremos a AWS nos exemplos por ser a stack padrão de mercado, mas a lógica se aplica integralmente ao Azure, GCP e OCI). 🦄 A Ilusão da Mágica: CAPEX vs. OPEX na Engenharia Para entender a conta da AWS, você precisa entender como o dinheiro sai do cofre da empresa. A mudança da nuvem não é apenas sobre onde o servidor roda, é sobre quem assume o risco do desperdício. 1. CAPEX (Capital Expenditure): A Lógica do "PC Gamer" CAPEX é Despesa de Capital. É comprar a "caixa". Imagine que você vai montar um PC Gamer High-End. Você gasta R$ 20.000,00 na loja. Doeu no bolso na hora, certo? Mas depois que o PC está na sua mesa: Custo Marginal Zero: Se você jogar Paciência ou renderizar um vídeo em 8K a noite toda, não faz diferença financeira para o seu bolso (tirando a conta de luz, que é irrisória perto do hardware). O dinheiro já foi gasto ( Sunk Cost ). O Comportamento do Engenheiro (On-Premise): Como o processo de compra é lento (meses de cotação e aprovação), você tem medo de faltar recurso. Mentalidade: "Vou pedir um servidor com 64 Cores, mesmo precisando de 16. Se sobrar, melhor. O hardware é nosso mesmo." Código: Eficiência não é prioridade financeira. Um código mal otimizado que consome 90% da CPU não gera uma fatura extra no fim do mês. 2. OPEX (Operational Expenditure): A Lógica do Uber OPEX é Despesa Operacional. É o custo de funcionamento do dia a dia. Na nuvem, você não comprou o carro; você está rodando de Uber 24 horas por dia. Custo Marginal Real: Cada minuto parado no sinal custa dinheiro. Cada desvio de rota custa dinheiro. O Comportamento do Engenheiro (Cloud): Aqui, a ineficiência é taxada instantaneamente. Mentalidade: Aquele servidor de 64 cores e 512GB de ram parado esperando tráfego é como deixar o Uber te esperando na porta do escritório enquanto você trabalha. O taxímetro está rodando. Código: Um loop infinito ou uma query sem índice no banco de dados não deixa apenas o sistema lento; ele queima dinheiro vivo . Comparativo para Desenvolvedores (Salve isso) Feature CAPEX (On-Premise / Hardware Próprio) OPEX (Cloud / AWS / Azure) Commit Financeiro Você paga tudo antes de usar (Upfront). Você paga depois de usar (Pay-as-you-go). Latência de Aprovação Alta. Precisa de reuniões, assinaturas e compras. Zero. Um terraform apply gasta dinheiro instantaneamente. Risco de Capacidade Subutilização. Comprar um servidor monstro e usar 10%. Conta Surpresa. Esquecer algo ligado ou escalar infinitamente. Otimização de Código Melhora performance, mas não reduz a fatura do hardware. Reduz diretamente a fatura. Código limpo = Dinheiro no caixa. Por que isso afeta a sua Arquitetura? Se você desenha uma arquitetura pensando em CAPEX (Mundo Físico) e a implementa em OPEX (Nuvem), você cria um desastre financeiro. No CAPEX , a estratégia de defesa é: "Superdimensionar para garantir estabilidade". (Compre o maior servidor possível). No OPEX , a estratégia de defesa é: "Elasticidade". (Comece com o menor servidor possível e configure para crescer sozinho apenas se necessário). 💸 Os 8 Cavaleiros do Apocalipse Financeiro na AWS Na nuvem, os maiores vilões raramente são tecnologias complexas de IA ou Big Data. Quase sempre são decisões arquiteturais preguiçosas e falta de governança . 1. Instâncias "Just in Case": O Custo do Seguro Psicológico O sobredimensionamento é um vício comum: o desenvolvedor sobe uma instância m5.2xlarge (8 vCPUs, 32GB RAM) não porque a aplicação exige, mas porque ele "não quer ter dor de cabeça". É o provisionamento baseado no medo, criando uma margem de segurança gigantesca e cara para evitar qualquer risco hipotético de lentidão. A realidade nua e crua aparece no CloudWatch: na maior parte do tempo, essa supermáquina opera com apenas 12% de CPU e usa uma fração da memória. Pagar por uma 2xlarge para rodar essa carga é como fretar um ônibus de 50 lugares para levar apenas 4 pessoas ao trabalho todos os dias. Você está pagando pelo "espaço vazio" e pelo motor potente do ônibus, enquanto um carro popular ( t3.medium ) faria o mesmo trajeto com o mesmo conforto e muito mais economia. 2. Ambientes Zumbis: A Torneira Aberta Fora do Expediente "Ambientes Zumbis" são servidores de Desenvolvimento e Homologação que operam como cópias fiéis da Produção, mas sem a audiência dela. Eles permanecem ligados e faturando às 3 da manhã de um domingo, consumindo recursos de nuvem para processar absolutamente nada. Manter esses servidores ligados 24/7 é o equivalente digital de deixar o ar-condicionado de um escritório ligado no máximo durante todo o fim de semana , com o prédio completamente vazio. O impacto financeiro atua como um multiplicador de desperdício. Se você mantém três ambientes (Dev, Staging e Produção) com arquiteturas similares ligados ininterruptamente, seu custo base é 300% do necessário . A matemática é cruel: uma semana tem 168 horas, mas seus desenvolvedores trabalham apenas 40. Você está pagando por 128 horas de ociosidade pura por máquina, todas as semanas. A primeira cura para esse desperdício é o agendamento automático. Utilizando soluções como o AWS Instance Scheduler (ou Lambdas simples), configuramos os ambientes para "acordar" às 08:00 e "dormir" às 20:00, de segunda a sexta-feira. Apenas essa automação básica, sem alterar uma linha de código da aplicação, reduz a fatura desses ambientes não-produtivos em cerca de 70% . 3. O Esquecimento Crônico: O Custo do Limbo Um dos "pegadinhas" mais comuns da nuvem acontece no momento de desligar as luzes: quando você termina uma instância EC2, o senso comum diz que a cobrança para. O erro está em assumir que a máquina e o disco são uma peça única. Por padrão, ao "matar" o servidor, o volume de armazenamento (EBS) acoplado a ele muitas vezes sobrevive, entrando num estado de limbo financeiro. O resultado é o acúmulo de EBS Órfãos : centenas de discos no estado "Available" (não atrelados a ninguém), cheios de dados inúteis ou completamente vazios, pelos quais você paga o preço cheio do gigabyte provisionado. É comparável a vender seu carro, mas esquecer de cancelar o aluguel da vaga de garagem: o veículo não existe mais, mas a cobrança pelo espaço que ele ocupava continua chegando todo mês na fatura. A situação piora com os Elastic IPs (EIPs) , que possuem uma lógica de cobrança invertida e punitiva. Devido à escassez mundial de endereços IPv4, a AWS não cobra pelo IP enquanto você o utiliza, mas começa a cobrar assim que ele fica ocioso . É como uma "multa por não uso": se você reserva um endereço IP e não o atrela a uma instância em execução, você paga por estar "segurando" um recurso escasso sem necessidade. 4. O Cemitério de Dados no S3 Buckets S3 tendem a virar "cemitérios digitais" onde logs, backups e assets se acumulam indefinidamente. O erro crucial não é guardar os dados, mas a falta de estratégia: manter 100% desse volume na classe S3 Standard , pagando a tarifa mais alta da AWS por arquivos que ninguém acessa há meses. Para entender o prejuízo, imagine o S3 Standard como uma loja no corredor principal de um shopping: o aluguel é caríssimo porque o acesso é imediato e fácil ( baixa latência ). Manter logs de 2022 nessa classe é como alugar essa vitrine premium apenas para estocar caixas de papelão velhas. Dados "frios", que raramente são consultados, não precisam estar à mão em milissegundos; eles podem ficar num armazém mais distante e barato. A solução é o S3 Lifecycle , que automatiza a logística desse "estoque". Primeiro, ele atua na Transição : move automaticamente os dados que envelhecem da "vitrine" (Standard) para o "armazém" ( S3 Glacier ). No Glacier, você paga uma fração do preço, aceitando que o resgate do arquivo leve alguns minutos ou horas (maior latência), o que é aceitável para arquivos de auditoria ou backups antigos. Por fim, o Lifecycle resolve o acúmulo de lixo através da Expiração . Além de mover dados, você configura regras para deletar objetos definitivamente após um período, como remover logs temporários após 7 dias. Isso garante a higiene do ambiente, impedindo que você pague aluguel (seja no shopping ou no armazém) por dados inúteis que não deveriam mais existir. 5. Snapshots: O Colecionador de Backups Fantasmas Backups são a apólice de seguro da sua infraestrutura, mas a facilidade de criar snapshots na AWS gera um comportamento perigoso de acumulação. O erro clássico é configurar uma automação de snapshot diário e definir a retenção para "nunca" ou prazos absurdos como 5 anos. Embora os snapshots sejam incrementais (salvando apenas o que mudou), em bancos de dados transacionais com muita escrita, o volume de dados alterados cresce rápido, e a fatura acompanha. Para visualizar o desperdício, imagine que você compra o jornal do dia para ler as notícias. É útil ter os jornais da última semana na mesa para referência rápida. Mas guardar uma pilha de jornais diários de três anos atrás na sua sala ocupa espaço valioso e custa dinheiro, sendo que a chance de você precisar saber a "cotação do dólar numa terça-feira específica de 2021" é praticamente nula. Você está pagando armazenamento premium por "jornais velhos" que não têm valor de negócio. 6. Licenciamento Comercial (O Custo Invisível) Muitas empresas focam tanto em otimizar CPU e RAM que esquecem o elefante na sala: o custo de software. Ao rodar instâncias com Windows Server ou SQL Server Enterprise na AWS no modelo "License Included", você não paga apenas pela infraestrutura; você paga uma sobretaxa pesada pelo direito de uso do software proprietário. Esse custo é embutido na tarifa por hora e, em máquinas grandes, a licença pode custar mais caro que o próprio hardware. Para ilustrar a desproporção, usar o SQL Server Enterprise para uma aplicação que não utiliza funcionalidades avançadas (como Always On complexo ou compressão de dados específica) é como fretar um jato executivo apenas para ir comprar pão na padaria . O objetivo (armazenar e recuperar dados) é cumprido, mas você está pagando por um veículo de luxo quando uma bicicleta ou um Uber resolveria o problema com a mesma eficiência e uma fração do custo. A primeira camada de solução é a Otimização de Edição . É comum desenvolvedores solicitarem a versão Enterprise por "garantia" ou hábito, sem necessidade técnica real. Uma auditoria simples muitas vezes revela que a versão Standard atende a todos os requisitos da aplicação. Fazer esse downgrade reduz a fatura de licenciamento imediatamente, sem exigir mudanças drásticas na arquitetura ou no código. 7. Dilema Geográfico: Reduzindo a Fatura pela Metade Hospedar aplicações na região sa-east-1 (São Paulo) carrega um ágio pesado: o "Custo Brasil" digital faz com que a infraestrutura local custe, cerca de 50% a mais do que na us-east-1 (N. Virgínia). Migrar workloads para os EUA é, frequentemente, a manobra de FinOps com maior retorno imediato (ROI): você corta a fatura desses recursos praticamente pela metade apenas alterando o CEP do servidor, acessando o mesmo hardware por uma fração do preço. O principal bloqueador costuma ser o medo da LGPD , mas a crença de que a lei exige residência física dos dados no Brasil é um mito . O Artigo 33 permite a transferência internacional para países com proteção adequada (como os EUA), desde que coberto por contratos padrão. A legislação foca na segurança e privacidade do dado, não na sua latitude e longitude geográfica. Quanto à técnica, a latência para a Virgínia (~120ms) é imperceptível para a maioria das aplicações web, sistemas internos e dashboards. A estratégia inteligente é adotar uma região como US East como padrão para maximizar a economia, reservando São Paulo apenas para exceções que realmente exigem resposta em tempo real (como High Frequency Trading), evitando pagar preço de "primeira classe" para cargas de trabalho que rodariam perfeitamente na econômica. 8. Serverless: A Faca de Dois Gumes "Serverless" é computação sem gestão de infraestrutura (como AWS Lambda ou DynamoDB). Diferente de alugar um servidor fixo mensal, aqui você paga apenas pelos milissegundos que seu código executa ou pelo dado que você lê. É como a conta de luz: você só paga se o interruptor estiver ligado. A Estratégia: Para uso esporádico, é imbatível. Mas e para uso constante? Também pode ser uma excelente escolha! Embora a fatura de infraestrutura possa vir mais alta do que em servidores tradicionais, você elimina o trabalho pesado de manutenção. Muitas vezes, é financeiramente mais inteligente pagar um pouco mais para a AWS do que custear horas de engenharia ou contratar uma equipe dedicada apenas para gerenciar servidores, aplicar patches de segurança e configurar escalas. O segredo é olhar para o Custo Total (TCO), e não apenas para a linha de processamento na fatura. 🕵️‍♂️ FinOps: Engenharia Financeira na Prática FinOps não é apenas sobre "pedir desconto" ou cortar gastos; é a mudança cultural que descentraliza a responsabilidade do custo, empoderando engenheiros a tomar decisões baseadas em dados, não em palpites. Para que essa cultura saia do papel, ela precisa se apoiar em um tripé de governança robusto: a visibilidade granular garantida pelo tageamento correto (saber quem gasta), a segurança operacional monitorada pelo AWS Budgets (saber quando gasta) e a eficiência financeira obtida através dos Modelos de Compra inteligentes (saber como pagar). Sem integrar essas três frentes, a nuvem deixa de ser um acelerador de inovação para se tornar um passivo financeiro descontrolado. 1. TAGs: Sem Etiquetas, Sem Dados 🏷️ No AWS Cost Explorer, uma infraestrutura sem tags opera como uma "caixa preta" financeira: você encara uma fatura de $50.000, mas é incapaz de discernir se o rombo veio de um modelo crítico de Data Science ou de um cluster Kubernetes esquecido por um estagiário. Utiliza tags como custo:centro , app:nome , env e dono no momento dos recursos transformara números genéricos em rastreáveis, permitindo que cada centavo gasto tenha um responsável atrelado, eliminando definitivamente a cultura de que "o custo da nuvem não é problema meu". 2. AWS Budgets e Detecção de Anomalias 🚨 Não espere o fim do mês. Configure o AWS Budgets para alertar quando o custo projetado (forecasted) ultrapassar o limite. Dica: Ative o Cost Anomaly Detection . Ele usa Machine Learning para identificar picos anormais. Exemplo: Um deploy errado fez a cahamada para um Lambda entrar em loop infinito. O Anomaly Detection te avisa em horas, não no fim do mês. 3. Modelos de Compra: O Fim do On-Demand 💸 Operar 100% em On-Demand é pagar voluntariamente um "imposto sobre a falta de planejamento". A maturidade em FinOps exige abandonar o preço de varejo e adotar um mix estratégico: cubra sua carga de trabalho base (aquela que roda 24/7) com Savings Plans , que oferecem descontos de até 72% em troca de fidelidade, e mova cargas tolerantes a interrupções, como processamento de dados e pipelines de CI/CD, para Spot Instances , aproveitando a capacidade ociosa da AWS por até 10% do valor original . Ignorar essa estratégia e manter tudo no On-Demand é uma decisão consciente de desperdiçar orçamento que poderia ser reinvestido em inovação. 🧠 Dev Assina o Código e o Cheque No mundo On-Premise, um código ruim apenas deixava o sistema lento. Na Nuvem, código ineficiente gera uma fatura imediata . A barreira entre Engenharia e Financeiro desapareceu: cada linha de código é uma decisão de compra executada em tempo real. O desenvolvedor não consome apenas CPU, ele consome o orçamento da empresa. Para entender o impacto, veja o preço das más práticas: O Custo da Leitura: Uma query sem " WHERE " ou um Full Table Scan no DynamoDB não é apenas um problema de performance; você está pagando unidades de leitura para ler milhares de linhas inúteis. É como comprar a biblioteca inteira para ler uma única página. O Custo da Ineficiência: Um código com vazamento de memória engana o Auto Scaling . O sistema provisiona 10 servidores para fazer o trabalho de 2, desperdiçando dinheiro para compensar código ruim. O Custo do Ruído: Logs em modo VERBOSE esquecidos em produção são vilões. O CloudWatch cobra caro pela ingestão. Enviar gigabytes de "log de lixo" é literalmente pagar frete aéreo para transportar entulho. A Cultura de Engenharia Consciente de Custos: Estimativa no Refinamento: O custo deve ser debatido antes do código existir. Durante o Refinamento, ao definir a arquitetura, faça a pergunta: "Quais recursos vamos usar e quanto isso vai custar com a volumetria esperada?" . Se a solução técnica custa $1.000 para economizar $50 de esforço manual, ela deve ser vetada ali mesmo. Feedback Loop: O desenvolvedor precisa ver quanto o serviço dele custa. Painéis do Grafana ou Datadog devem mostrar não só a latência da API, mas o custo diário dela. Só existe responsabilidade quando existe consciência do preço. Cerimônia de Custo (FinOps Review): Estabeleça uma reunião recorrente dedicada a olhar o "Extrato da Conta" . O time analisa os custos atuais, investiga picos não planejados da semana anterior e discute ativamente: "Existe alguma oportunidade de desligar recursos ou otimizar este serviço agora?" . É a higiene financeira mantendo o projeto saudável. 🌐 O Mundo Híbrido e Multicloud: Complexidade é Custo Nem tudo precisa ir para a AWS, e nem tudo deve sair do seu Data Center local. A maturidade em nuvem não significa "desligar tudo o que é físico", mas sim saber onde cada peça do jogo custa menos. Empresas podem operam em modelos híbridos estratégicos: O Lugar do Legado (On-Premise): Aquele banco de dados gigante ou mainframe que já está quitado, não cresce mais e roda de forma previsível? Deixe onde está. Migrar esses monstros para a nuvem apenas copiando e colando ("Lift-and-Shift") costuma ser um desastre financeiro. Na nuvem, você paga caro por performance de disco (IOPS) e memória que, no seu servidor físico, já são "gratuitos". O Lugar da Inovação (Nuvem): Seu site, aplicativos móveis e APIs que precisam aguentar milhões de acessos num dia e zero no outro? Leve para a nuvem. Lá você paga pela elasticidade e pelo alcance global que o servidor físico não consegue entregar. Cuidado com a Armadilha Multicloud Muitos gestores caem na tentação de usar AWS, Azure e Google Cloud ao mesmo tempo sob o pretexto de "evitar ficar preso a um fornecedor" (Vendor Lock-in). Na prática, para a maioria das empresas, isso triplica o custo operacional . Você precisará de equipes especialistas em três plataformas diferentes, perderá descontos por volume (diluindo seu gasto) e pagará taxas altíssimas de transferência de dados (Egress) para fazer as nuvens conversarem entre si. Complexidade técnica é, invariavelmente, custo financeiro. Como gerenciar essa infraestrutura sem perder o controle? O uso de ferramentas como Terraform ou OpenTofu . Com elas, criar um servidor não é mais clicar em botões numa tela, mas sim escrever um arquivo de texto (código). Isso habilita a Revisão de Código Financeira : Um desenvolvedor propõe uma mudança no código da infraestrutura. Antes de aprovar, o time revisa num "Pull Request". A pergunta muda de "O código está certo?" para "Por que você alterou a máquina de micro para extra-large ?" . O Code Review de infraestrutura torna-se a primeira e mais barata linha de defesa do FinOps, barrando gastos desnecessários antes mesmo que eles sejam criados. Conclusão: A Nuvem não é um Destino, é um Modelo Econômico Migrar para a nuvem não é apenas trocar de servidor; é adotar um novo paradigma operacional e financeiro. Tratar a AWS como um "datacenter glorificado" é o caminho mais rápido para transformar a inovação em prejuízo: ao fazer isso, você acaba pagando a diária de um hotel cinco estrelas apenas para estocar caixas de papelão que poderiam estar num depósito simples. A virada de chave acontece na cultura. Comece pelo básico bem feito: aplique Tags rigorosamente, automatize a limpeza de recursos e traga o custo para o centro das decisões de arquitetura. Lembre-se que, neste novo mundo, a excelência técnica é inseparável da eficiência financeira: o melhor código não é apenas o que funciona, é o que entrega valor máximo consumindo o mínimo de orçamento. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Ed Wantuil Follow Meu objetivo é compartilhar conhecimento, criar soluções e ajudar outras pessoas a evoluírem na carreira de tecnologia. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # tutorial Follow Hide Tutorial is a general purpose tag. We welcome all types of tutorial - code related or not! It's all about learning, and using tutorials to teach others! Create Post submission guidelines Tutorials should teach by example. This can include an interactive component or steps the reader can follow to understand. Older #tutorial posts 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Polyfil - useReducer ZeeshanAli-0704 ZeeshanAli-0704 ZeeshanAli-0704 Follow Jan 11 Polyfil - useReducer # interview # tutorial # javascript # react Comments Add Comment 5 min read HTML-101 #5. Text Formatting, Quotes & Code Formatting Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Follow Jan 11 HTML-101 #5. Text Formatting, Quotes & Code Formatting # html # learninpublic # beginners # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read [Gaming][NS] Dark Souls Remastered: A Noob's Guide to Beating the Game Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Gaming][NS] Dark Souls Remastered: A Noob's Guide to Beating the Game # beginners # learning # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read [Golang] Testing Twitter Authentication and Building a Timeline Project Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Golang] Testing Twitter Authentication and Building a Timeline Project # testing # api # tutorial # go Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why GitHubCard is the Final Tool You Need for Your Github Profile Colin Lee Colin Lee Colin Lee Follow Jan 10 Why GitHubCard is the Final Tool You Need for Your Github Profile # github # tooling # tutorial # githunt Comments 1 comment 3 min read Liquibase in Spring Boot Manikanta Yarramsetti Manikanta Yarramsetti Manikanta Yarramsetti Follow Jan 12 Liquibase in Spring Boot # database # java # springboot # tutorial 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read #1-2) 조건문은 결국 사전 처방이다. JEON HYUNJUN JEON HYUNJUN JEON HYUNJUN Follow Jan 11 #1-2) 조건문은 결국 사전 처방이다. # beginners # python # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read Build a Robust Offline-First Flutter App with BLoC, Dio, and Sqflite ghamdan ghamdan ghamdan Follow Jan 10 Build a Robust Offline-First Flutter App with BLoC, Dio, and Sqflite # flutter # dart # mobile # tutorial Comments Add Comment 7 min read The 6 Best Payment Gateways in South Africa: A Practical Guide to Choosing and Integrating the Right Solution (2026) Jason Dos Santos Jason Dos Santos Jason Dos Santos Follow Jan 11 The 6 Best Payment Gateways in South Africa: A Practical Guide to Choosing and Integrating the Right Solution (2026) # api # backend # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read A Simple Guide to a Faster Site Roman Musin Roman Musin Roman Musin Follow Jan 12 A Simple Guide to a Faster Site # performance # tutorial # webdev # wordpress 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 8 min read Vim Mode: Edit Prompts at the Speed of Thought Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Follow Jan 10 Vim Mode: Edit Prompts at the Speed of Thought # tutorial # claudecode # productivity # beginners Comments Add Comment 4 min read How to Start Becoming a Programmer Gus Woltmann Gus Woltmann Gus Woltmann Follow Jan 11 How to Start Becoming a Programmer # career # codenewbie # programming # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read Level 1 - Foundations #1. 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Client-Server Model # systemdesign # distributedsystems # tutorial # beginners 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Angular Pipes Explained — From Basics to Custom Pipes (With Real Examples) ROHIT SINGH ROHIT SINGH ROHIT SINGH Follow Jan 11 Angular Pipes Explained — From Basics to Custom Pipes (With Real Examples) # beginners # tutorial # typescript # angular Comments Add Comment 2 min read Bug Bounty Hunting in 2026 krlz krlz krlz Follow Jan 11 Bug Bounty Hunting in 2026 # security # bugbounty # tutorial # beginners Comments Add Comment 4 min read Real-Time Dashboards: Building a Heart Rate Monitor Enhances Remote Health Tracking wellallyTech wellallyTech wellallyTech Follow Jan 11 Real-Time Dashboards: Building a Heart Rate Monitor Enhances Remote Health Tracking # node # tutorial # fullstack # react Comments Add Comment 2 min read Build a Professional Real-Time Chat App with Docker, Flask, and Socket.IO Rodney Gitonga Rodney Gitonga Rodney Gitonga Follow Jan 10 Build a Professional Real-Time Chat App with Docker, Flask, and Socket.IO # showdev # tutorial # docker # python Comments Add Comment 2 min read Brass TS — Building an Effect Runtime in TypeScript (Part 4) Augusto Vivaldelli Augusto Vivaldelli Augusto Vivaldelli Follow Jan 10 Brass TS — Building an Effect Runtime in TypeScript (Part 4) # architecture # opensource # tutorial # typescript Comments Add Comment 3 min read Generate PostgreSQL Test Data Without Code (Step-by-Step) DDLTODATA DDLTODATA DDLTODATA Follow Jan 11 Generate PostgreSQL Test Data Without Code (Step-by-Step) # postgres # nocode # tutorial # datascience Comments Add Comment 3 min read Getting Started with 2D Games Using Pyxel (Part 7): Control the Character Kajiru Kajiru Kajiru Follow Jan 10 Getting Started with 2D Games Using Pyxel (Part 7): Control the Character # python # gamedev # tutorial # pyxel Comments Add Comment 3 min read mkdir backend cd backend npm init -y npm install express mongoose cors dotenv Areeba Malik Areeba Malik Areeba Malik Follow Jan 11 mkdir backend cd backend npm init -y npm install express mongoose cors dotenv # tutorial # mongodb # node # react Comments 1 comment 3 min read Coding Challenge Practice - Question 99 Bukunmi Odugbesan Bukunmi Odugbesan Bukunmi Odugbesan Follow Jan 10 Coding Challenge Practice - Question 99 # interview # tutorial # devchallenge # javascript Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building Material Design Forms with Smelte in Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Building Material Design Forms with Smelte in Svelte # webdev # programming # tutorial # javascript Comments Add Comment 7 min read Building Accessible Forms with Validation using shadcn-svelte in Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Building Accessible Forms with Validation using shadcn-svelte in Svelte # webdev # programming # javascript # tutorial Comments Add Comment 8 min read Building Advanced Interactive Data Tables with Custom Sorting, Filtering, and Inline Editing using PowerTable in Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Building Advanced Interactive Data Tables with Custom Sorting, Filtering, and Inline Editing using PowerTable in Svelte # svelte # webdev # programming # tutorial Comments Add Comment 6 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/alexsergey/css-modules-vs-css-in-js-who-wins-3n25	CSS Modules vs CSS-in-JS. Who wins? - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Sergey Posted on Mar 11, 2021           CSS Modules vs CSS-in-JS. Who wins? # webdev # css # javascript # react Introduction In modern React application development, there are many approaches to organizing application styles. One of the popular ways of such an organization is the CSS-in-JS approach (in the article we will use styled-components as the most popular solution) and CSS Modules. In this article, we will try to answer the question: which is better CSS-in-JS or CSS Modules ? So let's get back to basics. When a web page was primarily set for storing textual documentation and didn't include user interactions, properties were introduced to style the content. Over time, the web became more and more popular, sites got bigger, and it became necessary to reuse styles. For these purposes, CSS was invented. Cascading Style Sheets. Cascading plays a very important role in this name. We write styles that lay like a waterfall over the hollows of our document, filling it with colors and highlighting important elements. Time passed, the web became more and more complex, and we are facing the fact that the styles cascade turned into a problem for us. Distributed teams, working on their parts of the system, combining them into reusable modules, assemble an application from pieces, like Dr. Frankenstein, stitching styles into one large canvas, can get the sudden result... Due to the cascade, the styles of module 1 can affect the display of module 3, and module 4 can make changes to the global styles and change the entire display of the application in general. Developers have started to think of solving this problem. Style naming conventions were created to avoid overlaps, such as Yandex's BEM or Atomic CSS. The idea is clear, we operate with names in order to get predictability, but at the same time to prevent repetitions. These approaches were crashed of the rocks of the human factor. Anyway, we have no guarantee that the developer from team A won't use the name from team C. The naming problem can only be solved by assigning a random name to the CSS class. Thus, we get a completely independent CSS set of styles that will be applied to a specific HTML block and we understand for sure that the rest of the system won't be affected in any way. And then 2 approaches came onto the stage to organize our CSS: CSS Modules and CSS-in-JS . Under the hood, having a different technical implementation, and in fact solving the problem of atomicity, reusability, and avoiding side effects when writing CSS. Technically, CSS Modules transforms style names using a hash-based on the filename, path, style name. Styled-components handles styles in JS runtime, adding them as they go to the head HTML section (<head>). Approaches overview Let's see which approach is more optimal for writing a modern web application! Let's imagine we have a basic React application: import React , { Component } from ' react ' ; import ' ./App.css ' ; class App extends Component { render () { return ( < div className = "title" > React application title </ div > ); } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode CSS styles of this application: .title { padding : 20px ; background-color : #222 ; text-align : center ; color : white ; font-size : 1.5em ; } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The dependencies are React 16.14 , react-dom 16.14 Let's try to build this application using webpack using all production optimizations. we've got uglified JS - 129kb separated and minified CSS - 133 bytes The same code in CSS Modules will look like this: import React , { Component } from ' react ' ; import styles from ' ./App.module.css ' ; class App extends Component { render () { return ( < div className = { styles . title } > React application title </ div > ); } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode uglified JS - 129kb separated and minified CSS - 151 bytes The CSS Modules version will take up a couple of bytes more due to the impossibility of compressing the long generated CSS names. Finally, let's rewrite the same code under styled-components: import React , { Component } from ' react ' ; import styles from ' styled-components ' ; const Title = styles . h1 ` padding: 20px; background-color: #222; text-align: center; color: white; font-size: 1.5em; ` ; class App extends Component { render () { return ( < Title > React application title </ Title > ); } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode uglified JS - 163kb CSS file is missing The more than 30kb difference between CSS Modules and CSS-in-JS (styled-components) is due to styled-components adding extra code to add styles to the <head> part of the HTML document. In this synthetic test, the CSS Modules approach wins, since the build system doesn't add something extra to implement it, except for the changed class name. Styled-components due to technical implementation, adds dependency as well as code for runtime handling and styling of <head>. Now let's take a quick look at the pros and cons of CSS-in-JS / CSS Modules. Pros and cons CSS-in-JS cons The browser won't start interpreting the styles until styled-components has parsed them and added them to the DOM, which slows down rendering. The absence of CSS files means that you cannot cache separate CSS. One of the key downsides is that most libraries don't support this approach and we still can't get rid of CSS. All native JS and jQuery plugins are written without using this approach. Not all React solutions use it. Styles integration problems. When a markup developer prepares a layout for a JS developer, we may forget to transfer something; there will also be difficulty in synchronizing a new version of layout and JS code. We can't use CSS utilities: SCSS, Less, Postcss, stylelint, etc. pros Styles can use JS logic. This reminds me of Expression in IE6, when we could wrap some logic in our styles (Hello, CSS Expressions :) ). const Title = styles . h1 ` padding: 20px; background-color: #222; text-align: center; color: white; font-size: 1.5em; ${ props => props . secondary && css ` background-color: #fff; color: #000; padding: 10px; font-size: 1em; ` } ` ; Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode When developing small modules, it simplifies the connection to the project, since you only need to connect the one independent JS file. It is semantically nicer to use <Title> in a React component than <h1 className={style.title}>. CSS Modules cons To describe global styles, you must use a syntax that does not belong to the CSS specification. :global ( .myclass ) { text-decoration : underline ; } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Integrating into a project, you need to include styles. Working with typescript, you need to automatically or manually generate interfaces. For these purposes, I use webpack loader: @teamsupercell/typings-for-css-modules-loader pros We work with regular CSS, it makes it possible to use SCSS, Less, Postcss, stylelint, and more. Also, you don't waste time on adapting the CSS to JS. No integration of styles into the code, clean code as result. Almost 100% standardized except for global styles. Conclusion So the fundamental problem with the CSS-in-JS approach is that it's not CSS! This kind of code is harder to maintain if you have a defined person in your team working on markup. Such code will be slower, due to the fact that the CSS rendered into the file is processed in parallel, and the CSS-in-JS cannot be rendered into a separate CSS file. And the last fundamental flaw is the inability to use ready-made approaches and utilities, such as SCSS, Less and Stylelint, and so on. On the other hand, the CSS-in-JS approach can be a good solution for the Frontend team who deals with both markup and JS, and develops all components from scratch. Also, CSS-in-JS will be useful for modules that integrate into other applications. In my personal opinion, the issue of CSS cascading is overrated. If we are developing a small application or site, with one team, then we are unlikely to encounter a name collision or the difficulty of reusing components. If you faced with this problem, I recommend considering CSS Modules, as, in my opinion, this is a more optimal solution for the above factors. In any case, whatever you choose, write meaningful code and don't get fooled by the hype. Hype will pass, and we all have to live with it. Have great and interesting projects, dear readers! Top comments (30) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   dastasoft dastasoft dastasoft Follow Senior Software Engineer Work Senior Software Engineer Joined Feb 17, 2020 • Mar 12 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide One pro of CSS, the hot reload is instant when you just change CSS, with CSS in JS the project is recompiled. For CSS-in-JS I find easier to reuse that code in a React Native project. My personal conclusion is that we are constantly trying to avoid CSS but at the end of the day, CSS will stay here forever. Great article btw! Like comment: Like comment: 25  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   GreggHume GreggHume GreggHume Follow A developer who works with and on some of the worlds leading brands. My company is called Cold Brew Studios, see you out there :) Joined Mar 10, 2021 • Mar 9 '22 • Edited on Mar 9 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I ran into issues with css modules that styled components seemed to solve. But i ran into issues with styled components that I wouldn't have had with plain scss. So some things to think about: Styled components is a lot more overhead because all the styled components need to be complied into stylesheets and mounted to the head by javascript which is a blocking language. On SSR styled components get compiled into a ServerStyleSheet that then hydrate the react dom tree in the browser via the context api. So even then the mounting of styles only happens in the browser but the parsing of styles happens on the server - that is still a performance penalty and will slow down the page load. In some cases I had no issues with styled components but as my site grew and in complex cases I couldn't help but feel like it was slower, or didn't load as smoothly... and in a world where every second matters, this was a problem for me. Here is an article doing benchmarks on CSS vs CSS in JS: pustelto.com/blog/css-vs-css-in-js... I use nextjs, it is a pity they do not support component level css and we are forced to use css modules or styled components... where as with Nuxt component level scss is part of the package and you have the option on how you want the sites css to bundled - all in one file, split into their own files and some other nifty options. I hope nextjs sharped up on this. Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Nwanguma Victor Nwanguma Victor Nwanguma Victor Follow 🕊 Location Lagos, Nigeria Work Software Developer Joined Feb 18, 2021 • Jun 22 '22 • Edited on Jun 22 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide A big tip that might help. Why not use SCSS and unique classNames: For example create a unique container className (name of the component) and nest all the other classNames under that unique container className. .home-page-guest { .nav {} .main {} .footer {} } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode < div className = " home-page-guest " > < div className = " nav " /> < div className = " main " /> < div className = " footer " /> < /div > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Cindy Vos Cindy Vos Cindy Vos Follow Tuff shed and light and strong enough Joined Sep 11, 2025 • Sep 15 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I bet you did Greg Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Hank Queston Hank Queston Hank Queston Follow Work CTO at Bonfire Joined May 25, 2021 • May 25 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I agreed, CSS Modules make a lot more sense to me over Styled Components, always have! Like comment: Like comment: 7  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Comment deleted Collapse Expand   Alien Padilla Rodriguez Alien Padilla Rodriguez Alien Padilla Rodriguez Follow Joined Jan 24, 2022 • Apr 23 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide @Petar Kokev If something I learned from this years of working with React and other projects is that the correct library for project isn't the correct library for another. So the mos important think that we need to do is select the tools, libraries and technologies that fit better to the current project. In this case you can't use Styled-components on sites that require a good SEO, becouse the mos important think here is the SEO and you cant sacrify it. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   thedev1232 thedev1232 thedev1232 Follow tech enthusiast - code to the nuts Location sanjose Work Senior dev Manager at self Joined Oct 26, 2020 • Mar 31 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide How about having to deal with libraries like Material UI with next js? I have an issue to decide whether to use just makeStyles function or should we use styled components? My main concern is code longevity and maintenance without any issues Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Will Farley Will Farley Will Farley Follow Joined Jan 24, 2022 • Jan 24 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide My big issues with styled components is they are deeply coupled with your code. I've opted to use emotion's css utility exclusively and instructed my team to avoid using any of the styled component features. We've loved it but this was a few years ago. For newer projects I'm going with the css modules design. Also why does anyone care about sass anymore? With css variables and the css nesting module in the specification, you get the best parts of sass with vanilla css. The other features are just overkill for a css-module that should represent a single react component and thus nothing :global . Complicated sass directives and stuff are just overkill. Turn it into a react component and don't make any crazy css systems. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Nwanguma Victor Nwanguma Victor Nwanguma Victor Follow 🕊 Location Lagos, Nigeria Work Software Developer Joined Feb 18, 2021 • Mar 23 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Same I was trying to revamp my personal site, I discovered that I would have to rewrite alot of things, and then I later gave up. I would advice css modules are the way to go, and it greatly helps with SEO. And in teams using SC, naming becomes an issue because some people don't know how to name components and you have to scroll around, just to check if a component is a h1 tag 🤮 CACHEing I can't stress this enough, for enterprise in-house apps it doesn't really matter, but for everyday consumer-essentric apps CACHEing should not be overlooked Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Cindy Vos Cindy Vos Cindy Vos Follow Tuff shed and light and strong enough Joined Sep 11, 2025 • Sep 15 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Matty Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Will Farley Will Farley Will Farley Follow Joined Jan 24, 2022 • Jan 24 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide You can still have a top-level css file that isn't a css module for global stuff Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Petar Kolev Petar Kolev Petar Kolev Follow Senior Software Engineer with React && TypeScript Location Bulgaria Work Senior Software Engineer @ alkem.io Joined Nov 27, 2019 • Sep 10 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It is not true that with styled-components one can't use scss syntax, etc. styled-components supports it. Like comment: Like comment: 6  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Eduard Eduard Eduard Follow Taxation is robbery Joined Oct 25, 2019 • Mar 28 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide How about css-in-js frameworks like material-ua, chakra-ui and others? In my opinion, they dramatically speed up development. Like comment: Like comment: 5  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Alien Padilla Rodriguez Alien Padilla Rodriguez Alien Padilla Rodriguez Follow Joined Jan 24, 2022 • Apr 23 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide In my personal opinion I see Styled Components more for a Single Page Aplications where the SEO isn't important and is unecessary to cache css files. In the case of static web site or a site that must have a good SEO the Module-Css is better. @greggcbs My recomendation is to use code splitting if you have problem with the performans when you use Styled-Components in your project, in order to avoid brign all code in the first load of the site. Good article @sergey Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Cindy Vos Cindy Vos Cindy Vos Follow Tuff shed and light and strong enough Joined Sep 11, 2025 • Sep 15 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Hi Jess Rodriguez celly Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Gass Gass Gass Follow hi there 👋 Email g.szada@gmail.com Location Budapest, Hungary Education engineering Work software developer @ itemis Joined Dec 25, 2021 • Apr 25 '22 • Edited on Apr 25 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Good post. I've been using CSS modules for a short time now and I like it. Allows everything to be nicely compartmentalized. I also like that it gives more freedom to name classes in smaller chunks of CSS code. Instead of using it like so: {styles.my_class} I preffer {s.my_class} makes the code looks nicer and more concise. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Mario Iliev Mario Iliev Mario Iliev Follow Joined Jun 14, 2023 • Jun 14 '23 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I'm sorry but it seems that you don't have much experience with Styled Components. "And the last fundamental flaw is the inability to use ready-made approaches and utilities, such as SCSS, Less and Stylelint, and so on." Not a single thing here is true. SCSS is the original syntax of the package, you can use Stylelint as well. There are a lot more "pros" which are not listed here. By working with JS you are opened to another world. I'll list some more "pros" from the top of my head: consume and validate your theme colors as pure JS object consume state/props and create dynamic CSS out of it you have plugins which can be a live savers in cases like RTL (right to left orientation). Whoever had to support an app/website with RTL will be magically saved by this plugin. You can create custom plugins to fix various problems, or make your own linting in your team project. you don't think about CSS class names and collision. I prefer to be focused on thinking about variable names in my JS only and not spending effort in the CSS as well when you break your visual habits you will realise that's it's easier to have your CSS in your JS file just the way you got used to have your HTML in your JS file (React) In these days CSS has become a monster. You have inheritance, mixins, variables, IF statements, loops etc. Sure they can be useful somewhere but I'm pretty sure that most of you just need to center that div. So in my personal opinion we should strive to keep CSS as simpler as possible (as with everything actually) and I think that Styled Components are kind of pushing you to do exactly that. Don't re-use CSS, re-use components! The only global things you should have are probably just the color theme and animations. Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Annie-Huang Annie-Huang Annie-Huang Follow Joined Mar 14, 2021 • Feb 16 '25 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Couldn't agree more on the last two bullet points~~ Like comment: Like comment: Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   DrBeehre DrBeehre DrBeehre Follow Location New Zealand Work Software Engineer at Self-Employed Joined Nov 10, 2020 • Mar 14 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide This is awesome! I'm quite new to Web dev in particular and when starting a new project, I've often wondered which approach is better as I could see pros and cons to both, but I never found the time to dig in. Thanks for pulling all this together into a concise blog post! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (30 comments) Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Sergey Follow Joined Nov 18, 2020 More from Sergey Mastering the Dependency Inversion Principle: Best Practices for Clean Code with DI # webdev # javascript # typescript # programming Rockpack 2.0 Official Release # react # javascript # webdev # showdev Project Structure. Repository and folders. 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https://peps.python.org	PEP 0 – Index of Python Enhancement Proposals (PEPs) \| peps.python.org Following system colour scheme Selected dark colour scheme Selected light colour scheme Python Enhancement Proposals Python » PEP Index » PEP 0 Toggle light / dark / auto colour theme PEP 0 – Index of Python Enhancement Proposals (PEPs) Author : The PEP Editors Status : Active Type : Informational Created : 13-Jul-2000 Table of Contents Introduction Topics API Numerical Index Index by Category Process and Meta-PEPs Other Informational PEPs Provisional PEPs (provisionally accepted; interface may still change) Accepted PEPs (accepted; may not be implemented yet) Open PEPs (under consideration) Finished PEPs (done, with a stable interface) Historical Meta-PEPs and Informational PEPs Deferred PEPs (postponed pending further research or updates) Rejected, Superseded, and Withdrawn PEPs Reserved PEP Numbers PEP Types Key PEP Status Key Authors/Owners Introduction This PEP contains the index of all Python Enhancement Proposals, known as PEPs. PEP numbers are assigned by the PEP editors, and once assigned are never changed. The version control history of the PEP texts represent their historical record. Topics PEPs for specialist subjects are indexed by topic . Governance PEPs Packaging PEPs Release PEPs Typing PEPs API The PEPS API is a JSON file of metadata about all the published PEPs. Read more here . Numerical Index The numerical index contains a table of all PEPs, ordered by number. Index by Category Process and Meta-PEPs PEP Title Authors PA 1 PEP Purpose and Guidelines Barry Warsaw, Jeremy Hylton, David Goodger, Alyssa Coghlan PA 2 Procedure for Adding New Modules Brett Cannon, Martijn Faassen PA 4 Deprecation of Standard Modules Brett Cannon, Martin von Löwis PA 7 Style Guide for C Code Guido van Rossum, Barry Warsaw PA 8 Style Guide for Python Code Guido van Rossum, Barry Warsaw, Alyssa Coghlan PA 10 Voting Guidelines Barry Warsaw PA 11 CPython platform support Martin von Löwis, Brett Cannon PA 12 Sample reStructuredText PEP Template David Goodger, Barry Warsaw, Brett Cannon PA 13 Python Language Governance The Python core team and community PA 387 Backwards Compatibility Policy Benjamin Peterson PA 545 Python Documentation Translations Julien Palard, Inada Naoki, Victor Stinner PA 602 Annual Release Cycle for Python Łukasz Langa 3.9 PA 609 Python Packaging Authority (PyPA) Governance Dustin Ingram, Pradyun Gedam, Sumana Harihareswara PA 676 PEP Infrastructure Process Adam Turner PA 729 Typing governance process Jelle Zijlstra, Shantanu Jain PA 731 C API Working Group Charter Guido van Rossum, Petr Viktorin, Victor Stinner, Steve Dower, Irit Katriel PA 732 The Python Documentation Editorial Board Joanna Jablonski PA 761 Deprecating PGP signatures for CPython artifacts Seth Michael Larson 3.14 PA 811 Defining Python Security Response Team membership and responsibilities Seth Michael Larson Other Informational PEPs PEP Title Authors IA 20 The Zen of Python Tim Peters IA 101 Doing Python Releases 101 Barry Warsaw, Guido van Rossum IF 247 API for Cryptographic Hash Functions A.M. Kuchling IF 248 Python Database API Specification v1.0 Greg Stein, Marc-André Lemburg IF 249 Python Database API Specification v2.0 Marc-André Lemburg IA 257 Docstring Conventions David Goodger, Guido van Rossum IF 272 API for Block Encryption Algorithms v1.0 A.M. Kuchling IA 287 reStructuredText Docstring Format David Goodger IA 290 Code Migration and Modernization Raymond Hettinger IF 333 Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0 Phillip J. Eby IA 394 The “python” Command on Unix-Like Systems Kerrick Staley, Alyssa Coghlan, Barry Warsaw, Petr Viktorin, Miro Hrončok, Carol Willing IF 399 Pure Python/C Accelerator Module Compatibility Requirements Brett Cannon 3.3 IF 430 Migrating to Python 3 as the default online documentation Alyssa Coghlan IA 434 IDLE Enhancement Exception for All Branches Todd Rovito, Terry Reedy IF 452 API for Cryptographic Hash Functions v2.0 A.M. Kuchling, Christian Heimes IF 457 Notation For Positional-Only Parameters Larry Hastings IF 482 Literature Overview for Type Hints Łukasz Langa IF 483 The Theory of Type Hints Guido van Rossum, Ivan Levkivskyi IA 514 Python registration in the Windows registry Steve Dower IF 579 Refactoring C functions and methods Jeroen Demeyer IF 588 GitHub Issues Migration Plan Mariatta IF 607 Reducing CPython’s Feature Delivery Latency Łukasz Langa, Steve Dower, Alyssa Coghlan 3.9 IA 619 Python 3.10 Release Schedule Pablo Galindo Salgado 3.10 IF 630 Isolating Extension Modules Petr Viktorin IF 635 Structural Pattern Matching: Motivation and Rationale Tobias Kohn, Guido van Rossum 3.10 IF 636 Structural Pattern Matching: Tutorial Daniel F Moisset 3.10 IF 659 Specializing Adaptive Interpreter Mark Shannon IA 664 Python 3.11 Release Schedule Pablo Galindo Salgado 3.11 IA 672 Unicode-related Security Considerations for Python Petr Viktorin IA 693 Python 3.12 Release Schedule Thomas Wouters 3.12 IA 719 Python 3.13 Release Schedule Thomas Wouters 3.13 IF 733 An Evaluation of Python’s Public C API Erlend Egeberg Aasland, Domenico Andreoli, Stefan Behnel, Carl Friedrich Bolz-Tereick, Simon Cross, Steve Dower, Tim Felgentreff, David Hewitt, Shantanu Jain, Wenzel Jakob, Irit Katriel, Marc-Andre Lemburg, Donghee Na, Karl Nelson, Ronald Oussoren, Antoine Pitrou, Neil Schemenauer, Mark Shannon, Stepan Sindelar, Gregory P. Smith, Eric Snow, Victor Stinner, Guido van Rossum, Petr Viktorin, Carol Willing, William Woodruff, David Woods, Jelle Zijlstra IA 745 Python 3.14 Release Schedule Hugo van Kemenade 3.14 IF 762 REPL-acing the default REPL Pablo Galindo Salgado, Łukasz Langa, Lysandros Nikolaou, Emily Morehouse-Valcarcel 3.13 IA 790 Python 3.15 Release Schedule Hugo van Kemenade 3.15 IA 801 Reserved Barry Warsaw IF 3333 Python Web Server Gateway Interface v1.0.1 Phillip J. Eby IF 8000 Python Language Governance Proposal Overview Barry Warsaw IF 8002 Open Source Governance Survey Barry Warsaw, Łukasz Langa, Antoine Pitrou, Doug Hellmann, Carol Willing IA 8016 The Steering Council Model Nathaniel J. Smith, Donald Stufft IF 8100 January 2019 Steering Council election Nathaniel J. Smith, Ee Durbin IF 8101 2020 Term Steering Council election Ewa Jodlowska, Ee Durbin IF 8102 2021 Term Steering Council election Ewa Jodlowska, Ee Durbin, Joe Carey IF 8103 2022 Term Steering Council election Ewa Jodlowska, Ee Durbin, Joe Carey IF 8104 2023 Term Steering Council election Ee Durbin IF 8105 2024 Term Steering Council election Ee Durbin IF 8106 2025 Term Steering Council election Ee Durbin IF 8107 2026 Term Steering Council election Ee Durbin Provisional PEPs (provisionally accepted; interface may still change) PEP Title Authors SP 708 Extending the Repository API to Mitigate Dependency Confusion Attacks Donald Stufft Accepted PEPs (accepted; may not be implemented yet) PEP Title Authors SA 458 Secure PyPI downloads with signed repository metadata Trishank Karthik Kuppusamy, Vladimir Diaz, Marina Moore, Lukas Puehringer, Joshua Lock, Lois Anne DeLong, Justin Cappos SA 658 Serve Distribution Metadata in the Simple Repository API Tzu-ping Chung SA 668 Marking Python base environments as “externally managed” Geoffrey Thomas, Matthias Klose, Filipe Laíns, Donald Stufft, Tzu-ping Chung, Stefano Rivera, Elana Hashman, Pradyun Gedam SA 686 Make UTF-8 mode default Inada Naoki 3.15 SA 687 Isolating modules in the standard library Erlend Egeberg Aasland, Petr Viktorin 3.12 SA 691 JSON-based Simple API for Python Package Indexes Donald Stufft, Pradyun Gedam, Cooper Lees, Dustin Ingram SA 699 Remove private dict version field added in PEP 509 Ken Jin 3.12 SA 701 Syntactic formalization of f-strings Pablo Galindo Salgado, Batuhan Taskaya, Lysandros Nikolaou, Marta Gómez Macías 3.12 SA 703 Making the Global Interpreter Lock Optional in CPython Sam Gross 3.13 SA 714 Rename dist-info-metadata in the Simple API Donald Stufft SA 728 TypedDict with Typed Extra Items Zixuan James Li 3.15 SA 739 build-details.json 1.0 — a static description file for Python build details Filipe Laíns 3.14 SA 753 Uniform project URLs in core metadata William Woodruff, Facundo Tuesca SA 770 Improving measurability of Python packages with Software Bill-of-Materials Seth Larson SA 773 A Python Installation Manager for Windows Steve Dower SA 793 PyModExport: A new entry point for C extension modules Petr Viktorin 3.15 SA 794 Import Name Metadata Brett Cannon SA 798 Unpacking in Comprehensions Adam Hartz, Erik Demaine 3.15 SA 799 A dedicated profiling package for organizing Python profiling tools Pablo Galindo Salgado, László Kiss Kollár 3.15 SA 810 Explicit lazy imports Pablo Galindo Salgado, Germán Méndez Bravo, Thomas Wouters, Dino Viehland, Brittany Reynoso, Noah Kim, Tim Stumbaugh 3.15 Open PEPs (under consideration) PEP Title Authors S 467 Minor API improvements for binary sequences Alyssa Coghlan, Ethan Furman 3.15 S 480 Surviving a Compromise of PyPI: End-to-end signing of packages Trishank Karthik Kuppusamy, Vladimir Diaz, Justin Cappos, Marina Moore S 603 Adding a frozenmap type to collections Yury Selivanov S 638 Syntactic Macros Mark Shannon S 653 Precise Semantics for Pattern Matching Mark Shannon S 671 Syntax for late-bound function argument defaults Chris Angelico 3.12 S 694 Upload 2.0 API for Python Package Indexes Barry Warsaw, Donald Stufft, Ee Durbin S 710 Recording the provenance of installed packages Fridolín Pokorný S 711 PyBI: a standard format for distributing Python Binaries Nathaniel J. Smith S 718 Subscriptable functions James Hilton-Balfe 3.15 I 720 Cross-compiling Python packages Filipe Laíns 3.12 S 725 Specifying external dependencies in pyproject.toml Pradyun Gedam, Jaime Rodríguez-Guerra, Ralf Gommers S 743 Add Py_OMIT_LEGACY_API to the Python C API Victor Stinner, Petr Viktorin 3.15 I 744 JIT Compilation Brandt Bucher, Savannah Ostrowski 3.13 S 746 Type checking Annotated metadata Adrian Garcia Badaracco 3.15 S 747 Annotating Type Forms David Foster, Eric Traut 3.15 S 748 A Unified TLS API for Python Joop van de Pol, William Woodruff 3.14 S 752 Implicit namespaces for package repositories Ofek Lev, Jarek Potiuk P 755 Implicit namespace policy for PyPI Ofek Lev S 764 Inline typed dictionaries Victorien Plot 3.15 I 766 Explicit Priority Choices Among Multiple Indexes Michael Sarahan S 767 Annotating Read-Only Attributes Eneg 3.15 S 771 Default Extras for Python Software Packages Thomas Robitaille, Jonathan Dekhtiar P 772 Packaging Council governance process Barry Warsaw, Deb Nicholson, Pradyun Gedam I 776 Emscripten Support Hood Chatham 3.14 S 777 How to Re-invent the Wheel Emma Harper Smith S 780 ABI features as environment markers Klaus Zimmermann, Ralf Gommers 3.14 S 781 Make TYPE_CHECKING a built-in constant Inada Naoki 3.15 S 783 Emscripten Packaging Hood Chatham S 785 New methods for easier handling of ExceptionGroups Zac Hatfield-Dodds 3.14 S 788 Protecting the C API from Interpreter Finalization Peter Bierma 3.15 S 789 Preventing task-cancellation bugs by limiting yield in async generators Zac Hatfield-Dodds, Nathaniel J. Smith 3.14 S 800 Disjoint bases in the type system Jelle Zijlstra 3.15 S 802 Display Syntax for the Empty Set Adam Turner 3.15 S 803 Stable ABI for Free-Threaded Builds Petr Viktorin 3.15 S 804 An external dependency registry and name mapping mechanism Pradyun Gedam, Ralf Gommers, Michał Górny, Jaime Rodríguez-Guerra, Michael Sarahan S 806 Mixed sync/async context managers with precise async marking Zac Hatfield-Dodds 3.15 S 807 Index support for Trusted Publishing William Woodruff S 808 Including static values in dynamic project metadata Henry Schreiner, Cristian Le S 809 Stable ABI for the Future Steve Dower 3.15 S 814 Add frozendict built-in type Victor Stinner, Donghee Na 3.15 S 815 Deprecate RECORD.jws and RECORD.p7s Konstantin Schütze, William Woodruff I 816 WASI Support Brett Cannon S 819 JSON Package Metadata Emma Harper Smith S 820 PySlot: Unified slot system for the C API Petr Viktorin 3.15 S 822 Dedented Multiline String (d-string) Inada Naoki 3.15 Finished PEPs (done, with a stable interface) PEP Title Authors SF 100 Python Unicode Integration Marc-André Lemburg 2.0 SF 201 Lockstep Iteration Barry Warsaw 2.0 SF 202 List Comprehensions Barry Warsaw 2.0 SF 203 Augmented Assignments Thomas Wouters 2.0 SF 205 Weak References Fred L. Drake, Jr. 2.1 SF 207 Rich Comparisons Guido van Rossum, David Ascher 2.1 SF 208 Reworking the Coercion Model Neil Schemenauer, Marc-André Lemburg 2.1 SF 214 Extended Print Statement Barry Warsaw 2.0 SF 217 Display Hook for Interactive Use Moshe Zadka 2.1 SF 218 Adding a Built-In Set Object Type Greg Wilson, Raymond Hettinger 2.2 SF 221 Import As Thomas Wouters 2.0 SF 223 Change the Meaning of x Escapes Tim Peters 2.0 SF 227 Statically Nested Scopes Jeremy Hylton 2.1 SF 229 Using Distutils to Build Python A.M. Kuchling 2.1 SF 230 Warning Framework Guido van Rossum 2.1 SF 232 Function Attributes Barry Warsaw 2.1 SF 234 Iterators Ka-Ping Yee, Guido van Rossum 2.1 SF 235 Import on Case-Insensitive Platforms Tim Peters 2.1 SF 236 Back to the __future__ Tim Peters 2.1 SF 237 Unifying Long Integers and Integers Moshe Zadka, Guido van Rossum 2.2 SF 238 Changing the Division Operator Moshe Zadka, Guido van Rossum 2.2 SF 250 Using site-packages on Windows Paul Moore 2.2 SF 252 Making Types Look More Like Classes Guido van Rossum 2.2 SF 253 Subtyping Built-in Types Guido van Rossum 2.2 SF 255 Simple Generators Neil Schemenauer, Tim Peters, Magnus Lie Hetland 2.2 SF 260 Simplify xrange() Guido van Rossum 2.2 SF 261 Support for “wide” Unicode characters Paul Prescod 2.2 SF 263 Defining Python Source Code Encodings Marc-André Lemburg, Martin von Löwis 2.3 SF 264 Future statements in simulated shells Michael Hudson 2.2 SF 273 Import Modules from Zip Archives James C. Ahlstrom 2.3 SF 274 Dict Comprehensions Barry Warsaw 2.7, 3.0 SF 277 Unicode file name support for Windows NT Neil Hodgson 2.3 SF 278 Universal Newline Support Jack Jansen 2.3 SF 279 The enumerate() built-in function Raymond Hettinger 2.3 SF 282 A Logging System Vinay Sajip, Trent Mick 2.3 SF 285 Adding a bool type Guido van Rossum 2.3 SF 289 Generator Expressions Raymond Hettinger 2.4 SF 292 Simpler String Substitutions Barry Warsaw 2.4 SF 293 Codec Error Handling Callbacks Walter Dörwald 2.3 SF 301 Package Index and Metadata for Distutils Richard Jones 2.3 SF 302 New Import Hooks Just van Rossum, Paul Moore 2.3 SF 305 CSV File API Kevin Altis, Dave Cole, Andrew McNamara, Skip Montanaro, Cliff Wells 2.3 SF 307 Extensions to the pickle protocol Guido van Rossum, Tim Peters 2.3 SF 308 Conditional Expressions Guido van Rossum, Raymond Hettinger 2.5 SF 309 Partial Function Application Peter Harris 2.5 SF 311 Simplified Global Interpreter Lock Acquisition for Extensions Mark Hammond 2.3 SF 318 Decorators for Functions and Methods Kevin D. Smith, Jim J. Jewett, Skip Montanaro, Anthony Baxter 2.4 SF 322 Reverse Iteration Raymond Hettinger 2.4 SF 324 subprocess - New process module Peter Astrand 2.4 SF 327 Decimal Data Type Facundo Batista 2.4 SF 328 Imports: Multi-Line and Absolute/Relative Aahz 2.4, 2.5, 2.6 SF 331 Locale-Independent Float/String Conversions Christian R. Reis 2.4 SF 338 Executing modules as scripts Alyssa Coghlan 2.5 SF 341 Unifying try-except and try-finally Georg Brandl 2.5 SF 342 Coroutines via Enhanced Generators Guido van Rossum, Phillip J. Eby 2.5 SF 343 The “with” Statement Guido van Rossum, Alyssa Coghlan 2.5 SF 352 Required Superclass for Exceptions Brett Cannon, Guido van Rossum 2.5 SF 353 Using ssize_t as the index type Martin von Löwis 2.5 SF 357 Allowing Any Object to be Used for Slicing Travis Oliphant 2.5 SF 358 The “bytes” Object Neil Schemenauer, Guido van Rossum 2.6, 3.0 SF 362 Function Signature Object Brett Cannon, Jiwon Seo, Yury Selivanov, Larry Hastings 3.3 SF 366 Main module explicit relative imports Alyssa Coghlan 2.6, 3.0 SF 370 Per user site-packages directory Christian Heimes 2.6, 3.0 SF 371 Addition of the multiprocessing package to the standard library Jesse Noller, Richard Oudkerk 2.6, 3.0 SF 372 Adding an ordered dictionary to collections Armin Ronacher, Raymond Hettinger 2.7, 3.1 SF 376 Database of Installed Python Distributions Tarek Ziadé 2.7, 3.2 SF 378 Format Specifier for Thousands Separator Raymond Hettinger 2.7, 3.1 SF 380 Syntax for Delegating to a Subgenerator Gregory Ewing 3.3 SF 383 Non-decodable Bytes in System Character Interfaces Martin von Löwis 3.1 SF 384 Defining a Stable ABI Martin von Löwis 3.2 SF 389 argparse - New Command Line Parsing Module Steven Bethard 2.7, 3.2 SF 391 Dictionary-Based Configuration For Logging Vinay Sajip 2.7, 3.2 SF 393 Flexible String Representation Martin von Löwis 3.3 SF 397 Python launcher for Windows Mark Hammond, Martin von Löwis 3.3 SF 405 Python Virtual Environments Carl Meyer 3.3 SF 409 Suppressing exception context Ethan Furman 3.3 SF 412 Key-Sharing Dictionary Mark Shannon 3.3 SF 414 Explicit Unicode Literal for Python 3.3 Armin Ronacher, Alyssa Coghlan 3.3 SF 415 Implement context suppression with exception attributes Benjamin Peterson 3.3 SF 417 Including mock in the Standard Library Michael Foord 3.3 SF 418 Add monotonic time, performance counter, and process time functions Cameron Simpson, Jim J. Jewett, Stephen J. Turnbull, Victor Stinner 3.3 SF 420 Implicit Namespace Packages Eric V. Smith 3.3 SF 421 Adding sys.implementation Eric Snow 3.3 SF 424 A method for exposing a length hint Alex Gaynor 3.4 SF 425 Compatibility Tags for Built Distributions Daniel Holth 3.4 SF 427 The Wheel Binary Package Format 1.0 Daniel Holth SF 428 The pathlib module – object-oriented filesystem paths Antoine Pitrou 3.4 SF 435 Adding an Enum type to the Python standard library Barry Warsaw, Eli Bendersky, Ethan Furman 3.4 SF 436 The Argument Clinic DSL Larry Hastings 3.4 SF 440 Version Identification and Dependency Specification Alyssa Coghlan, Donald Stufft SF 441 Improving Python ZIP Application Support Daniel Holth, Paul Moore 3.5 SF 442 Safe object finalization Antoine Pitrou 3.4 SF 443 Single-dispatch generic functions Łukasz Langa 3.4 SF 445 Add new APIs to customize Python memory allocators Victor Stinner 3.4 SF 446 Make newly created file descriptors non-inheritable Victor Stinner 3.4 SF 448 Additional Unpacking Generalizations Joshua Landau 3.5 SF 450 Adding A Statistics Module To The Standard Library Steven D’Aprano 3.4 SF 451 A ModuleSpec Type for the Import System Eric Snow 3.4 SF 453 Explicit bootstrapping of pip in Python installations Donald Stufft, Alyssa Coghlan SF 454 Add a new tracemalloc module to trace Python memory allocations Victor Stinner 3.4 SF 456 Secure and interchangeable hash algorithm Christian Heimes 3.4 SF 461 Adding % formatting to bytes and bytearray Ethan Furman 3.5 SF 465 A dedicated infix operator for matrix multiplication Nathaniel J. Smith 3.5 SF 466 Network Security Enhancements for Python 2.7.x Alyssa Coghlan 2.7.9 SF 468 Preserving the order of *kwargs in a function. Eric Snow 3.6 SF 471 os.scandir() function – a better and faster directory iterator Ben Hoyt 3.5 SF 475 Retry system calls failing with EINTR Charles-François Natali, Victor Stinner 3.5 SF 476 Enabling certificate verification by default for stdlib http clients Alex Gaynor 2.7.9, 3.4.3, 3.5 SF 477 Backport ensurepip (PEP 453) to Python 2.7 Donald Stufft, Alyssa Coghlan SF 479 Change StopIteration handling inside generators Chris Angelico, Guido van Rossum 3.5 SF 484 Type Hints Guido van Rossum, Jukka Lehtosalo, Łukasz Langa 3.5 SF 485 A Function for testing approximate equality Christopher Barker 3.5 SF 486 Make the Python Launcher aware of virtual environments Paul Moore 3.5 SF 487 Simpler customisation of class creation Martin Teichmann 3.6 SF 488 Elimination of PYO files Brett Cannon 3.5 SF 489 Multi-phase extension module initialization Petr Viktorin, Stefan Behnel, Alyssa Coghlan 3.5 SF 492 Coroutines with async and await syntax Yury Selivanov 3.5 SF 493 HTTPS verification migration tools for Python 2.7 Alyssa Coghlan, Robert Kuska, Marc-André Lemburg 2.7.12 SF 495 Local Time Disambiguation Alexander Belopolsky, Tim Peters 3.6 SF 498 Literal String Interpolation Eric V. Smith 3.6 SF 503 Simple Repository API Donald Stufft SF 506 Adding A Secrets Module To The Standard Library Steven D’Aprano 3.6 SF 508 Dependency specification for Python Software Packages Robert Collins SF 515 Underscores in Numeric Literals Georg Brandl, Serhiy Storchaka 3.6 SF 517 A build-system independent format for source trees Nathaniel J. Smith, Thomas Kluyver SF 518 Specifying Minimum Build System Requirements for Python Projects Brett Cannon, Nathaniel J. Smith, Donald Stufft SF 519 Adding a file system path protocol Brett Cannon, Koos Zevenhoven 3.6 SF 520 Preserving Class Attribute Definition Order Eric Snow 3.6 SF 523 Adding a frame evaluation API to CPython Brett Cannon, Dino Viehland 3.6 SF 524 Make os.urandom() blocking on Linux Victor Stinner 3.6 SF 525 Asynchronous Generators Yury Selivanov 3.6 SF 526 Syntax for Variable Annotations Ryan Gonzalez, Philip House, Ivan Levkivskyi, Lisa Roach, Guido van Rossum 3.6 SF 527 Removing Un(der)used file types/extensions on PyPI Donald Stufft SF 528 Change Windows console encoding to UTF-8 Steve Dower 3.6 SF 529 Change Windows filesystem encoding to UTF-8 Steve Dower 3.6 SF 530 Asynchronous Comprehensions Yury Selivanov 3.6 SF 538 Coercing the legacy C locale to a UTF-8 based locale Alyssa Coghlan 3.7 SF 539 A New C-API for Thread-Local Storage in CPython Erik M. Bray, Masayuki Yamamoto 3.7 SF 540 Add a new UTF-8 Mode Victor Stinner 3.7 SF 544 Protocols: Structural subtyping (static duck typing) Ivan Levkivskyi, Jukka Lehtosalo, Łukasz Langa 3.8 SF 552 Deterministic pycs Benjamin Peterson 3.7 SF 553 Built-in breakpoint() Barry Warsaw 3.7 SF 557 Data Classes Eric V. Smith 3.7 SF 560 Core support for typing module and generic types Ivan Levkivskyi 3.7 SF 561 Distributing and Packaging Type Information Emma Harper Smith 3.7 SF 562 Module __getattr__ and __dir__ Ivan Levkivskyi 3.7 SF 564 Add new time functions with nanosecond resolution Victor Stinner 3.7 SF 565 Show DeprecationWarning in __main__ Alyssa Coghlan 3.7 SF 566 Metadata for Python Software Packages 2.1 Dustin Ingram 3.x SF 567 Context Variables Yury Selivanov 3.7 SF 570 Python Positional-Only Parameters Larry Hastings, Pablo Galindo Salgado, Mario Corchero, Eric N. Vander Weele 3.8 SF 572 Assignment Expressions Chris Angelico, Tim Peters, Guido van Rossum 3.8 SF 573 Module State Access from C Extension Methods Petr Viktorin, Alyssa Coghlan, Eric Snow, Marcel Plch 3.9 SF 574 Pickle protocol 5 with out-of-band data Antoine Pitrou 3.8 SF 578 Python Runtime Audit Hooks Steve Dower 3.8 SF 584 Add Union Operators To dict Steven D’Aprano, Brandt Bucher 3.9 SF 585 Type Hinting Generics In Standard Collections Łukasz Langa 3.9 SF 586 Literal Types Michael Lee, Ivan Levkivskyi, Jukka Lehtosalo 3.8 SF 587 Python Initialization Configuration Victor Stinner, Alyssa Coghlan 3.8 SF 589 TypedDict: Type Hints for Dictionaries with a Fixed Set of Keys Jukka Lehtosalo 3.8 SF 590 Vectorcall: a fast calling protocol for CPython Mark Shannon, Jeroen Demeyer 3.8 SF 591 Adding a final qualifier to typing Michael J. Sullivan, Ivan Levkivskyi 3.8 SF 592 Adding “Yank” Support to the Simple API Donald Stufft SF 593 Flexible function and variable annotations Till Varoquaux, Konstantin Kashin 3.9 SF 594 Removing dead batteries from the standard library Christian Heimes, Brett Cannon 3.11 SF 597 Add optional EncodingWarning Inada Naoki 3.10 SF 600 Future ‘manylinux’ Platform Tags for Portable Linux Built Distributions Nathaniel J. Smith, Thomas Kluyver SF 604 Allow writing union types as X \| Y Philippe PRADOS, Maggie Moss 3.10 SF 610 Recording the Direct URL Origin of installed distributions Stéphane Bidoul, Chris Jerdonek SF 612 Parameter Specification Variables Mark Mendoza 3.10 SF 613 Explicit Type Aliases Shannon Zhu 3.10 SF 614 Relaxing Grammar Restrictions On Decorators Brandt Bucher 3.9 SF 615 Support for the IANA Time Zone Database in the Standard Library Paul Ganssle 3.9 SF 616 String methods to remove prefixes and suffixes Dennis Sweeney 3.9 SF 617 New PEG parser for CPython Guido van Rossum, Pablo Galindo Salgado, Lysandros Nikolaou 3.9 SF 618 Add Optional Length-Checking To zip Brandt Bucher 3.10 SF 621 Storing project metadata in pyproject.toml Brett Cannon, Dustin Ingram, Paul Ganssle, Pradyun Gedam, Sébastien Eustace, Thomas Kluyver, Tzu-ping Chung SF 623 Remove wstr from Unicode Inada Naoki 3.10 SF 624 Remove Py_UNICODE encoder APIs Inada Naoki 3.11 SF 625 Filename of a Source Distribution Tzu-ping Chung, Paul Moore SF 626 Precise line numbers for debugging and other tools. Mark Shannon 3.10 SF 627 Recording installed projects Petr Viktorin SF 628 Add math.tau Alyssa Coghlan 3.6 SF 629 Versioning PyPI’s Simple API Donald Stufft SF 632 Deprecate distutils module Steve Dower 3.10 SF 634 Structural Pattern Matching: Specification Brandt Bucher, Guido van Rossum 3.10 SF 639 Improving License Clarity with Better Package Metadata Philippe Ombredanne, C.A.M. Gerlach, Karolina Surma SF 643 Metadata for Package Source Distributions Paul Moore SF 644 Require OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer Christian Heimes 3.10 SF 646 Variadic Generics Mark Mendoza, Matthew Rahtz, Pradeep Kumar Srinivasan, Vincent Siles 3.11 SF 647 User-Defined Type Guards Eric Traut 3.10 SF 649 Deferred Evaluation Of Annotations Using Descriptors Larry Hastings 3.14 SF 652 Maintaining the Stable ABI Petr Viktorin 3.10 SF 654 Exception Groups and except Irit Katriel, Yury Selivanov, Guido van Rossum 3.11 SF 655 Marking individual TypedDict items as required or potentially-missing David Foster 3.11 SF 656 Platform Tag for Linux Distributions Using Musl Tzu-ping Chung SF 657 Include Fine Grained Error Locations in Tracebacks Pablo Galindo Salgado, Batuhan Taskaya, Ammar Askar 3.11 SF 660 Editable installs for pyproject.toml based builds (wheel based) Daniel Holth, Stéphane Bidoul SF 667 Consistent views of namespaces Mark Shannon, Tian Gao 3.13 SF 669 Low Impact Monitoring for CPython Mark Shannon 3.12 SF 670 Convert macros to functions in the Python C API Erlend Egeberg Aasland, Victor Stinner 3.11 SF 673 Self Type Pradeep Kumar Srinivasan, James Hilton-Balfe 3.11 SF 675 Arbitrary Literal String Type Pradeep Kumar Srinivasan, Graham Bleaney 3.11 SF 678 Enriching Exceptions with Notes Zac Hatfield-Dodds 3.11 SF 680 tomllib: Support for Parsing TOML in the Standard Library Taneli Hukkinen, Shantanu Jain 3.11 SF 681 Data Class Transforms Erik De Bonte, Eric Traut 3.11 SF 682 Format Specifier for Signed Zero John Belmonte 3.11 SF 683 Immortal Objects, Using a Fixed Refcount Eric Snow, Eddie Elizondo 3.12 SF 684 A Per-Interpreter GIL Eric Snow 3.12 SF 685 Comparison of extra names for optional distribution dependencies Brett Cannon SF 688 Making the buffer protocol accessible in Python Jelle Zijlstra 3.12 SF 689 Unstable C API tier Petr Viktorin 3.12 SF 692 Using TypedDict for more precise *kwargs typing Franek Magiera 3.12 SF 695 Type Parameter Syntax Eric Traut 3.12 SF 696 Type Defaults for Type Parameters James Hilton-Balfe 3.13 SF 697 Limited C API for Extending Opaque Types Petr Viktorin 3.12 SF 698 Override Decorator for Static Typing Steven Troxler, Joshua Xu, Shannon Zhu 3.12 SF 700 Additional Fields for the Simple API for Package Indexes Paul Moore SF 702 Marking deprecations using the type system Jelle Zijlstra 3.13 SF 705 TypedDict: Read-only items Alice Purcell 3.13 SF 706 Filter for tarfile.extractall Petr Viktorin 3.12 SF 709 Inlined comprehensions Carl Meyer 3.12 SF 715 Disabling bdist_egg distribution uploads on PyPI William Woodruff SF 721 Using tarfile.data_filter for source distribution extraction Petr Viktorin 3.12 SF 723 Inline script metadata Ofek Lev SF 730 Adding iOS as a supported platform Russell Keith-Magee 3.13 SF 734 Multiple Interpreters in the Stdlib Eric Snow 3.14 SF 735 Dependency Groups in pyproject.toml Stephen Rosen SF 737 C API to format a type fully qualified name Victor Stinner 3.13 SF 738 Adding Android as a supported platform Malcolm Smith 3.13 SF 740 Index support for digital attestations William Woodruff, Facundo Tuesca, Dustin Ingram SF 741 Python Configuration C API Victor Stinner 3.14 SF 742 Narrowing types with TypeIs Jelle Zijlstra 3.13 SF 749 Implementing PEP 649 Jelle Zijlstra 3.14 SF 750 Template Strings Jim Baker, Guido van Rossum, Paul Everitt, Koudai Aono, Lysandros Nikolaou, Dave Peck 3.14 SF 751 A file format to record Python dependencies for installation reproducibility Brett Cannon SF 757 C API to import-export Python integers Sergey B Kirpichev, Victor Stinner 3.14 SF 758 Allow except and except expressions without parentheses Pablo Galindo Salgado, Brett Cannon 3.14 SF 765 Disallow return/break/continue that exit a finally block Irit Katriel, Alyssa Coghlan 3.14 SF 768 Safe external debugger interface for CPython Pablo Galindo Salgado, Matt Wozniski, Ivona Stojanovic 3.14 SF 779 Criteria for supported status for free-threaded Python Thomas Wouters, Matt Page, Sam Gross 3.14 SF 782 Add PyBytesWriter C API Victor Stinner 3.15 SF 784 Adding Zstandard to the standard library Emma Harper Smith 3.14 SF 791 math.integer — submodule for integer-specific mathematics functions Neil Girdhar, Sergey B Kirpichev, Tim Peters, Serhiy Storchaka 3.15 SF 792 Project status markers in the simple index William Woodruff, Facundo Tuesca SF 3101 Advanced String Formatting Talin 3.0 SF 3102 Keyword-Only Arguments Talin 3.0 SF 3104 Access to Names in Outer Scopes Ka-Ping Yee 3.0 SF 3105 Make print a function Georg Brandl 3.0 SF 3106 Revamping dict.keys(), .values() and .items() Guido van Rossum 3.0 SF 3107 Function Annotations Collin Winter, Tony Lownds 3.0 SF 3108 Standard Library Reorganization Brett Cannon 3.0 SF 3109 Raising Exceptions in Python 3000 Collin Winter 3.0 SF 3110 Catching Exceptions in Python 3000 Collin Winter 3.0 SF 3111 Simple input built-in in Python 3000 Andre Roberge 3.0 SF 3112 Bytes literals in Python 3000 Jason Orendorff 3.0 SF 3113 Removal of Tuple Parameter Unpacking Brett Cannon 3.0 SF 3114 Renaming iterator.next() to iterator.__next__() Ka-Ping Yee 3.0 SF 3115 Metaclasses in Python 3000 Talin 3.0 SF 3116 New I/O Daniel Stutzbach, Guido van Rossum, Mike Verdone 3.0 SF 3118 Revising the buffer protocol Travis Oliphant, Carl Banks 3.0 SF 3119 Introducing Abstract Base Classes Guido van Rossum, Talin 3.0 SF 3120 Using UTF-8 as the default source encoding Martin von Löwis 3.0 SF 3121 Extension Module Initialization and Finalization Martin von Löwis 3.0 SF 3123 Making PyObject_HEAD conform to standard C Martin von Löwis 3.0 SF 3127 Integer Literal Support and Syntax Patrick Maupin 3.0 SF 3129 Class Decorators Collin Winter 3.0 SF 3131 Supporting Non-ASCII Identifiers Martin von Löwis 3.0 SF 3132 Extended Iterable Unpacking Georg Brandl 3.0 SF 3134 Exception Chaining and Embedded Tracebacks Ka-Ping Yee 3.0 SF 3135 New Super Calvin Spealman, Tim Delaney, Lie Ryan 3.0 SF 3137 Immutable Bytes and Mutable Buffer Guido van Rossum 3.0 SF 3138 String representation in Python 3000 Atsuo Ishimoto 3.0 SF 3141 A Type Hierarchy for Numbers Jeffrey Yasskin 3.0 SF 3144 IP Address Manipulation Library for the Python Standard Library Peter Moody 3.3 SF 3147 PYC Repository Directories Barry Warsaw 3.2 SF 3148 futures - execute computations asynchronously Brian Quinlan 3.2 SF 3149 ABI version tagged .so files Barry Warsaw 3.2 SF 3151 Reworking the OS and IO exception hierarchy Antoine Pitrou 3.3 SF 3154 Pickle protocol version 4 Antoine Pitrou 3.4 SF 3155 Qualified name for classes and functions Antoine Pitrou 3.3 SF 3156 Asynchronous IO Support Rebooted: the “asyncio” Module Guido van Rossum 3.3 Historical Meta-PEPs and Informational PEPs PEP Title Authors PS 5 Guidelines for Language Evolution Paul Prescod PS 6 Bug Fix Releases Aahz, Anthony Baxter IF 160 Python 1.6 Release Schedule Fred L. Drake, Jr. 1.6 IF 200 Python 2.0 Release Schedule Jeremy Hylton 2.0 IF 226 Python 2.1 Release Schedule Jeremy Hylton 2.1 IF 251 Python 2.2 Release Schedule Barry Warsaw, Guido van Rossum 2.2 IF 283 Python 2.3 Release Schedule Guido van Rossum 2.3 IF 320 Python 2.4 Release Schedule Barry Warsaw, Raymond Hettinger, Anthony Baxter 2.4 PF 347 Migrating the Python CVS to Subversion Martin von Löwis IF 356 Python 2.5 Release Schedule Neal Norwitz, Guido van Rossum, Anthony Baxter 2.5 PF 360 Externally Maintained Packages Brett Cannon IF 361 Python 2.6 and 3.0 Release Schedule Neal Norwitz, Barry Warsaw 2.6, 3.0 IF 373 Python 2.7 Release Schedule Benjamin Peterson 2.7 PF 374 Choosing a distributed VCS for the Python project Brett Cannon, Stephen J. Turnbull, Alexandre Vassalotti, Barry Warsaw, Dirkjan Ochtman IF 375 Python 3.1 Release Schedule Benjamin Peterson 3.1 PF 385 Migrating from Subversion to Mercurial Dirkjan Ochtman, Antoine Pitrou, Georg Brandl IF 392 Python 3.2 Release Schedule Georg Brandl 3.2 IF 398 Python 3.3 Release Schedule Georg Brandl 3.3 IF 404 Python 2.8 Un-release Schedule Barry Warsaw 2.8 IF 429 Python 3.4 Release Schedule Larry Hastings 3.4 PS 438 Transitioning to release-file hosting on PyPI Holger Krekel, Carl Meyer PF 449 Removal of the PyPI Mirror Auto Discovery and Naming Scheme Donald Stufft PF 464 Removal of the PyPI Mirror Authenticity API Donald Stufft PF 470 Removing External Hosting Support on PyPI Donald Stufft IF 478 Python 3.5 Release Schedule Larry Hastings 3.5 IF 494 Python 3.6 Release Schedule Ned Deily 3.6 PF 512 Migrating from hg.python.org to GitHub Brett Cannon IF 537 Python 3.7 Release Schedule Ned Deily 3.7 PF 541 Package Index Name Retention Łukasz Langa IF 569 Python 3.8 Release Schedule Łukasz Langa 3.8 PF 581 Using GitHub Issues for CPython Mariatta IF 596 Python 3.9 Release Schedule Łukasz Langa 3.9 PF 3000 Python 3000 Guido van Rossum PF 3002 Procedure for Backwards-Incompatible Changes Steven Bethard PF 3003 Python Language Moratorium Brett Cannon, Jesse Noller, Guido van Rossum PF 3099 Things that will Not Change in Python 3000 Georg Brandl PF 3100 Miscellaneous Python 3.0 Plans Brett Cannon PF 8001 Python Governance Voting Process Brett Cannon, Christian Heimes, Donald Stufft, Eric Snow, Gregory P. Smith, Łukasz Langa, Mariatta, Nathaniel J. Smith, Pablo Galindo Salgado, Raymond Hettinger, Tal Einat, Tim Peters, Zachary Ware Deferred PEPs (postponed pending further research or updates) PEP Title Authors SD 213 Attribute Access Handlers Paul Prescod 2.1 SD 219 Stackless Python Gordon McMillan 2.1 SD 222 Web Library Enhancements A.M. Kuchling 2.1 SD 233 Python Online Help Paul Prescod 2.1 SD 267 Optimized Access to Module Namespaces Jeremy Hylton 2.2 SD 269 Pgen Module for Python Jonathan Riehl 2.2 SD 280 Optimizing access to globals Guido van Rossum 2.3 SD 286 Enhanced Argument Tuples Martin von Löwis 2.3 SD 312 Simple Implicit Lambda Roman Suzi, Alex Martelli 2.4 SD 316 Programming by Contract for Python Terence Way SD 323 Copyable Iterators Alex Martelli 2.5 SD 337 Logging Usage in the Standard Library Michael P. Dubner 2.5 SD 368 Standard image protocol and class Lino Mastrodomenico 2.6, 3.0 SD 400 Deprecate codecs.StreamReader and codecs.StreamWriter Victor Stinner 3.3 SD 403 General purpose decorator clause (aka “@in” clause) Alyssa Coghlan 3.4 PD 407 New release cycle and introducing long-term support versions Antoine Pitrou, Georg Brandl, Barry Warsaw SD 419 Protecting cleanup statements from interruptions Paul Colomiets 3.3 ID 423 Naming conventions and recipes related to packaging Benoit Bryon ID 444 Python Web3 Interface Chris McDonough, Armin Ronacher SD 447 Add __getdescriptor__ method to metaclass Ronald Oussoren SD 491 The Wheel Binary Package Format 1.9 Daniel Holth SD 499 python -m foo should also bind ‘foo’ in sys.modules Cameron Simpson, Chris Angelico, Joseph Jevnik 3.10 SD 505 None-aware operators Mark E. Haase, Steve Dower 3.8 SD 532 A circuit breaking protocol and binary operators Alyssa Coghlan, Mark E. Haase 3.8 SD 533 Deterministic cleanup for iterators Nathaniel J. Smith SD 534 Improved Errors for Missing Standard Library Modules Tomáš Orsava, Petr Viktorin, Alyssa Coghlan SD 535 Rich comparison chaining Alyssa Coghlan 3.8 SD 547 Running extension modules using the -m option Marcel Plch, Petr Viktorin 3.7 SD 556 Threaded garbage collection Antoine Pitrou 3.7 SD 568 Generator-sensitivity for Context Variables Nathaniel J. Smith 3.8 SD 661 Sentinel Values Tal Einat SD 674 Disallow using macros as l-values Victor Stinner 3.12 SD 774 Removing the LLVM requirement for JIT builds Savannah Ostrowski 3.14 SD 778 Supporting Symlinks in Wheels Emma Harper Smith SD 787 Safer subprocess usage using t-strings Nick Humrich, Alyssa Coghlan 3.15 SD 3124 Overloading, Generic Functions, Interfaces, and Adaptation Phillip J. Eby SD 3143 Standard daemon process library Ben Finney 3.x SD 3150 Statement local namespaces (aka “given” clause) Alyssa Coghlan 3.4 Rejected, Superseded, and Withdrawn PEPs PEP Title Authors PW 3 Guidelines for Handling Bug Reports Jeremy Hylton PW 9 Sample Plaintext PEP Template Barry Warsaw PW 42 Feature Requests Jeremy Hylton IS 102 Doing Python Micro Releases Anthony Baxter, Barry Warsaw, Guido van Rossum IW 103 Collecting information about git Oleg Broytman SR 204 Range Literals Thomas Wouters 2.0 IW 206 Python Advanced Library A.M. Kuchling SW 209 Multi-dimensional Arrays Paul Barrett, Travis Oliphant 2.2 SR 210 Decoupling the Interpreter Loop David Ascher 2.1 SR 211 Adding A New Outer Product Operator Greg Wilson 2.1 SR 212 Loop Counter Iteration Peter Schneider-Kamp 2.1 SS 215 String Interpolation Ka-Ping Yee 2.1 IW 216 Docstring Format Moshe Zadka IR 220 Coroutines, Generators, Continuations Gordon McMillan SR 224 Attribute Docstrings Marc-André Lemburg 2.1 SR 225 Elementwise/Objectwise Operators Huaiyu Zhu, Gregory Lielens 2.1 SW 228 Reworking Python’s Numeric Model Moshe Zadka, Guido van Rossum SR 231 __findattr__() Barry Warsaw 2.1 SR 239 Adding a Rational Type to Python Christopher A. Craig, Moshe Zadka 2.2 SR 240 Adding a Rational Literal to Python Christopher A. Craig, Moshe Zadka 2.2 SS 241 Metadata for Python Software Packages A.M. Kuchling SW 242 Numeric Kinds Paul F. Dubois 2.2 SW 243 Module Repository Upload Mechanism Sean Reifschneider 2.1 SR 244 The directive statement Martin von Löwis 2.1 SR 245 Python Interface Syntax Michel Pelletier 2.2 SR 246 Object Adaptation Alex Martelli, Clark C. Evans 2.5 SR 254 Making Classes Look More Like Types Guido van Rossum 2.2 SR 256 Docstring Processing System Framework David Goodger SR 258 Docutils Design Specification David Goodger SR 259 Omit printing newline after newline Guido van Rossum 2.2 SR 262 A Database of Installed Python Packages A.M. Kuchling SR 265 Sorting Dictionaries by Value Grant Griffin 2.2 SW 266 Optimizing Global Variable/Attribute Access Skip Montanaro 2.3 SR 268 Extended HTTP functionality and WebDAV Greg Stein 2.x SR 270 uniq method for list objects Jason Petrone 2.2 SR 271 Prefixing sys.path by command line option Frédéric B. Giacometti 2.2 SR 275 Switching on Multiple Values Marc-André Lemburg 2.6 SR 276 Simple Iterator for ints Jim Althoff 2.3 SR 281 Loop Counter Iteration with range and xrange Magnus Lie Hetland 2.3 SR 284 Integer for-loops David Eppstein, Gregory Ewing 2.3 SW 288 Generators Attributes and Exceptions Raymond Hettinger 2.5 IS 291 Backward Compatibility for the Python 2 Standard Library Neal Norwitz 2.3 SR 294 Type Names in the types Module Oren Tirosh 2.5 SR 295 Interpretation of multiline string constants Stepan Koltsov 3.0 SW 296 Adding a bytes Object Type Scott Gilbert 2.3 SR 297 Support for System Upgrades Marc-André Lemburg 2.6 SW 298 The Locked Buffer Interface Thomas Heller 2.3 SR 299 Special __main__() function in modules Jeff Epler 2.3 SR 303 Extend divmod() for Multiple Divisors Thomas Bellman 2.3 SW 304 Controlling Generation of Bytecode Files Skip Montanaro IW 306 How to Change Python’s Grammar Michael Hudson, Jack Diederich, Alyssa Coghlan, Benjamin Peterson SR 310 Reliable Acquisition/Release Pairs Michael Hudson, Paul Moore 2.4 SR 313 Adding Roman Numeral Literals to Python Mike Meyer 2.4 SS 314 Metadata for Python Software Packages 1.1 A.M. Kuchling, Richard Jones 2.5 SR 315 Enhanced While Loop Raymond Hettinger, W Isaac Carroll 2.5 SR 317 Eliminate Implicit Exception Instantiation Steven Taschuk 2.4 SR 319 Python Synchronize/Asynchronize Block Michel Pelletier 2.4 SW 321 Date/Time Parsing and Formatting A.M. Kuchling 2.4 SR 325 Resource-Release Support for Generators Samuele Pedroni 2.4 SR 326 A Case for Top and Bottom Values Josiah Carlson, Terry Reedy 2.4 SR 329 Treating Builtins as Constants in the Standard Library Raymond Hettinger 2.4 SR 330 Python Bytecode Verification Michel Pelletier 2.6 SR 332 Byte vectors and String/Unicode Unification Skip Montanaro 2.5 SW 334 Simple Coroutines via SuspendIteration Clark C. Evans 3.0 SR 335 Overloadable Boolean Operators Gregory Ewing 3.3 SR 336 Make None Callable Andrew McClelland IW 339 Design of the CPython Compiler Brett Cannon SR 340 Anonymous Block Statements Guido van Rossum SS 344 Exception Chaining and Embedded Tracebacks Ka-Ping Yee 2.5 SS 345 Metadata for Python Software Packages 1.2 Richard Jones 2.7 SW 346 User Defined (“with”) Statements Alyssa Coghlan 2.5 SR 348 Exception Reorganization for Python 3.0 Brett Cannon SR 349 Allow str() to return unicode strings Neil Schemenauer 2.5 IR 350 Codetags Micah Elliott SR 351 The freeze protocol Barry Warsaw 2.5 SS 354 Enumerations in Python Ben Finney 2.6 SR 355 Path - Object oriented filesystem paths Björn Lindqvist 2.5 SW 359 The “make” Statement Steven Bethard 2.6 SR 363 Syntax For Dynamic Attribute Access Ben North SW 364 Transitioning to the Py3K Standard Library Barry Warsaw 2.6 SR 365 Adding the pkg_resources module Phillip J. Eby SS 367 New Super Calvin Spealman, Tim Delaney 2.6 SW 369 Post import hooks Christian Heimes 2.6, 3.0 SR 377 Allow __enter__() methods to skip the statement body Alyssa Coghlan 2.7, 3.1 SW 379 Adding an Assignment Expression Jervis Whitley 2.7, 3.2 SW 381 Mirroring infrastructure for PyPI Tarek Ziadé, Martin von Löwis SR 382 Namespace Packages Martin von Löwis 3.2 SS 386 Changing the version comparison module in Distutils Tarek Ziadé SR 390 Static metadata for Distutils Tarek Ziadé 2.7, 3.2 SW 395 Qualified Names for Modules Alyssa Coghlan 3.4 IW 396 Module Version Numbers Barry Warsaw PR 401 BDFL Retirement Barry Warsaw, Brett Cannon SR 402 Simplified Package Layout and Partitioning Phillip J. Eby 3.3 SW 406 Improved Encapsulation of Import State Alyssa Coghlan, Greg Slodkowicz 3.4 SR 408 Standard library __preview__ package Alyssa Coghlan, Eli Bendersky 3.3 SR 410 Use decimal.Decimal type for timestamps Victor Stinner 3.3 IS 411 Provisional packages in the Python standard library Alyssa Coghlan, Eli Bendersky 3.3 PW 413 Faster evolution of the Python Standard Library Alyssa Coghlan SR 416 Add a frozendict builtin type Victor Stinner 3.3 SW 422 Simpler customisation of class creation Alyssa Coghlan, Daniel Urban 3.5 IW 426 Metadata for Python Software Packages 2.0 Alyssa Coghlan, Daniel Holth, Donald Stufft SS 431 Time zone support improvements Lennart Regebro SW 432 Restructuring the CPython startup sequence Alyssa Coghlan, Victor Stinner, Eric Snow SS 433 Easier suppression of file descriptor inheritance Victor Stinner 3.4 SR 437 A DSL for specifying signatures, annotations and argument converters Stefan Krah 3.4 SR 439 Inclusion of implicit pip bootstrap in Python installation Richard Jones 3.4 SR 455 Adding a key-transforming dictionary to collections Antoine Pitrou 3.5 SW 459 Standard Metadata Extensions for Python Software Packages Alyssa Coghlan SW 460 Add binary interpolation and formatting Antoine Pitrou 3.5 PW 462 Core development workflow automation for CPython Alyssa Coghlan SR 463 Exception-catching expressions Chris Angelico 3.5 SW 469 Migration of dict iteration code to Python 3 Alyssa Coghlan 3.5 SR 472 Support for indexing with keyword arguments Stefano Borini, Joseph Martinot-Lagarde 3.6 SR 473 Adding structured data to built-in exceptions Sebastian Kreft PW 474 Creating forge.python.org Alyssa Coghlan PW 481 Migrate CPython to Git, Github, and Phabricator Donald Stufft SR 490 Chain exceptions at C level Victor Stinner 3.6 IR 496 Environment Markers James Polley PR 497 A standard mechanism for backward compatibility Ed Schofield SR 500 A protocol for delegating datetime methods to their tzinfo implementations Alexander Belopolsky, Tim Peters SW 501 General purpose template literal strings Alyssa Coghlan, Nick Humrich 3.12 IR 502 String Interpolation - Extended Discussion Mike G. Miller 3.6 SW 504 Using the System RNG by default Alyssa Coghlan 3.6 PR 507 Migrate CPython to Git and GitLab Barry Warsaw SS 509 Add a private version to dict Victor Stinner 3.6 SR 510 Specialize functions with guards Victor Stinner 3.6 SR 511 API for code transformers Victor Stinner 3.6 IS 513 A Platform Tag for Portable Linux Built Distributions Robert T. McGibbon, Nathaniel J. Smith SR 516 Build system abstraction for pip/conda etc Robert Collins, Nathaniel J. Smith SW 521 Managing global context via ‘with’ blocks in generators and coroutines Nathaniel J. Smith 3.6 SR 522 Allow BlockingIOError in security sensitive APIs Alyssa Coghlan, Nathaniel J. Smith 3.6 SW 531 Existence checking operators Alyssa Coghlan 3.7 SW 536 Final Grammar for Literal String Interpolation Philipp Angerer 3.7 SR 542 Dot Notation Assignment In Function Header Markus Meskanen SW 543 A Unified TLS API for Python Cory Benfield, Christian Heimes 3.7 SR 546 Backport ssl.MemoryBIO and ssl.SSLObject to Python 2.7 Victor Stinner, Cory Benfield 2.7 SR 548 More Flexible Loop Control R David Murray 3.7 SR 549 Instance Descriptors Larry Hastings 3.7 SW 550 Execution Context Yury Selivanov, Elvis Pranskevichus 3.7 IW 551 Security transparency in the Python runtime Steve Dower 3.7 SS 554 Multiple Interpreters in the Stdlib Eric Snow 3.13 SW 555 Context-local variables (contextvars) Koos Zevenhoven 3.7 SW 558 Defined semantics for locals() Alyssa Coghlan 3.13 SR 559 Built-in noop() Barry Warsaw 3.7 SS 563 Postponed Evaluation of Annotations Łukasz Langa 3.7 IS 571 The manylinux2010 Platform Tag Mark Williams, Geoffrey Thomas, Thomas Kluyver SW 575 Unifying function/method classes Jeroen Demeyer 3.8 SW 576 Rationalize Built-in function classes Mark Shannon 3.8 SW 577 Augmented Assignment Expressions Alyssa Coghlan 3.8 SR 580 The C call protocol Jeroen Demeyer 3.8 SR 582 Python local packages directory Kushal Das, Steve Dower, Donald Stufft, Alyssa Coghlan 3.12 IW 583 A Concurrency Memory Model for Python Jeffrey Yasskin IW 595 Improving bugs.python.org Ezio Melotti, Berker Peksag IW 598 Introducing incremental feature releases Alyssa Coghlan 3.9 IS 599 The manylinux2014 Platform Tag Dustin Ingram SR 601 Forbid return/break/continue breaking out of finally Damien George, Batuhan Taskaya 3.8 IR 605 A rolling feature release stream for CPython Steve Dower, Alyssa Coghlan 3.9 SR 606 Python Compatibility Version Victor Stinner 3.9 SR 608 Coordinated Python release Miro Hrončok, Victor Stinner 3.9 SW 611 The one million limit Mark Shannon SW 620 Hide implementation details from the C API Victor Stinner 3.12 SS 622 Structural Pattern Matching Brandt Bucher, Daniel F Moisset, Tobias Kohn, Ivan Levkivskyi, Guido van Rossum, Talin 3.10 SS 631 Dependency specification in pyproject.toml based on PEP 508 Ofek Lev SR 633 Dependency specification in pyproject.toml using an exploded TOML table Laurie Opperman, Arun Babu Neelicattu SR 637 Support for indexing with keyword arguments Stefano Borini 3.10 SR 640 Unused variable syntax Thomas Wouters 3.10 SR 641 Using an underscore in the version portion of Python 3.10 compatibility tags Brett Cannon, Steve Dower, Barry Warsaw 3.10 SR 642 Explicit Pattern Syntax for Structural Pattern Matching Alyssa Coghlan 3.10 SW 645 Allow writing optional types as x? Maggie Moss SR 648 Extensible customizations of the interpreter at startup Mario Corchero 3.11 SW 650 Specifying Installer Requirements for Python Projects Vikram Jayanthi, Dustin Ingram, Brett Cannon SR 651 Robust Stack Overflow Handling Mark Shannon SR 662 Editable installs via virtual wheels Bernát Gábor IR 663 Standardizing Enum str(), repr(), and format() behaviors Ethan Furman 3.11 SR 665 A file format to list Python dependencies for reproducibility of an application Brett Cannon, Pradyun Gedam, Tzu-ping Chung SR 666 Reject Foolish Indentation Laura Creighton 2.2 SR 677 Callable Type Syntax Steven Troxler, Pradeep Kumar Srinivasan 3.11 SR 679 New assert statement syntax with parentheses Pablo Galindo Salgado, Stan Ulbrych 3.15 SR 690 Lazy Imports Germán Méndez Bravo, Carl Meyer 3.12 SW 704 Require virtual environments by default for package installers Pradyun Gedam SR 707 A simplified signature for __exit__ and __aexit__ Irit Katriel 3.12 SR 712 Adding a “converter” parameter to dataclasses.field Joshua Cannon 3.13 SR 713 Callable Modules Amethyst Reese 3.12 SR 722 Dependency specification for single-file scripts Paul Moore SW 724 Stricter Type Guards Rich Chiodo, Eric Traut, Erik De Bonte 3.13 SR 726 Module __setattr__ and __delattr__ Sergey B Kirpichev 3.13 SW 727 Documentation in Annotated Metadata Sebastián Ramírez 3.13 SR 736 Shorthand syntax for keyword arguments at invocation Joshua Bambrick, Chris Angelico 3.14 SR 754 IEEE 754 Floating Point Special Values Gregory R. Warnes 2.3 SW 756 Add PyUnicode_Export() and PyUnicode_Import() C functions Victor Stinner 3.14 SW 759 External Wheel Hosting Barry Warsaw, Emma Harper Smith SW 760 No More Bare Excepts Pablo Galindo Salgado, Brett	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/x0x7b/observing-behavioral-anomalies-in-web-applications-beyond-signature-scanners-g6p#comments	Observing Behavioral Anomalies in Web Applications Beyond Signature Scanners - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse 0x7b Posted on Jan 12 Observing Behavioral Anomalies in Web Applications Beyond Signature Scanners # monitoring # performance # security # testing Most web scanners rely on payload signatures and response matching. In practice, I often see cases where the server behaves differently without any explicit error: latency spikes unexpected redirects status changes Signature-based tools usually report these scenarios as “clean”, even though they indicate backend instability or logic issues. The challenge is that these anomalies don’t fit traditional vulnerability categories like SQLi or XSS — they’re about how the system reacts under unusual input, not whether a known exploit triggers. Example Observation Below is a sample result from testing http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php: Screenshot showing latency spikes (RTT) and body hash changes for specific inputs. Signature-based scanners would likely mark this as “clean”. Notice: artist=SLEEP(1) causes response time to jump from ~197ms → 3212ms BODY_HASH changes indicate server response altered Other inputs (%22, %5C, %255c) also trigger body changes without explicit errors These anomalies highlight how a server can behave unexpectedly under test conditions, which traditional signature-based scanners often miss. I’m curious how others in web security detect and interpret these kinds of behavioral anomalies during testing. 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https://hmpljs.forem.com/about	About HMPL.js Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account HMPL.js Forem Close About HMPL.js Forem Welcome to the HMPL.js Forem! Hello and welcome, developers! This is the official community hub for HMPL.js, the server-oriented, customizable templating language for JavaScript. If you're excited about building dynamic, modern, and incredibly small web applications by keeping logic on the server and fetching HTML, you've found your home. What This Community Is About Our mission is to create a central place for developers to learn, discuss, and master HMPL.js. We believe in building powerful user interfaces with minimal client-side JavaScript, leveraging the server to do the heavy lifting. HMPL.js is designed to be: Flexible: Get the benefits of SSR on any platform, whether it's a simple static site or a complex single-page application. Easy to Use: Describe a couple of properties in an object and get ready-to-use HTML directly from your server. Reliable: With 100% code coverage and built-in protection against XSS vulnerabilities (using DOMPurify), you can build with confidence. Lightweight: All this functionality is packed into just ~24 kilobytes, making your apps significantly smaller than those built with other popular tools. This forum is the place to explore these concepts, share your successes, and get help when you need it. What to Discuss Here We encourage a wide range of discussions. Whether you're a beginner or an expert, your voice is welcome. Here are a few ideas to get you started: Questions & Support: Need help with installation, hmpl.compile() , or the hmpl-dom module? Ask away! Use the #help tag. Show & Tell: Share the awesome things you've built with HMPL.js. Post a link to your project or a code snippet. Use the #showdev tag. Tutorials & Guides: Found a great way to solve a common problem? Write a post to share your knowledge with the community. Use the #tutorial tag. In-Depth Discussions: Let's talk about best practices, performance, or how HMPL.js compares to libraries like HTMX and Alpine.js. Use the #discuss tag. Ideas & Feedback: Have a suggestion for a new feature or an improvement? We'd love to hear it! How to Get Involved Jumping in is easy! Introduce yourself in the comments of a welcome thread. Ask a question or help answer someone else's. Share your project or a cool code snippet you've written. Experiment with the online HMPL Playground and share your creations. Our Community Guidelines To ensure this remains a friendly and productive space for everyone, we ask that you follow a few simple principles: Be Kind and Respectful: Treat everyone with courtesy. Healthy debate is encouraged, but personal attacks are not. Be Collaborative: This is a space for learning together. Share what you know, and be open to learning from others. Stay Constructive: Offer feedback that is helpful, supportive, and aimed at moving the conversation forward. Stay On Topic: Keep discussions focused on HMPL.js and related web development technologies. We're thrilled to have you here. Let's build something amazing together 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV HMPL.js Forem — For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . HMPL.js Forem © 2016 - 2026. Powerful templates, minimal JS Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/++#other_benefits	DEV++ - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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https://github.com/highlight/highlight	GitHub - highlight/highlight: highlight.io: The open source, full-stack monitoring platform. Error monitoring, session replay, logging, distributed tracing, and more. Skip to content Navigation Menu Toggle navigation Sign in Appearance settings Platform AI CODE CREATION GitHub Copilot Write better code with AI GitHub Spark Build and deploy intelligent apps GitHub Models Manage and compare prompts MCP Registry New Integrate external tools DEVELOPER WORKFLOWS Actions Automate any workflow Codespaces Instant dev environments Issues Plan and track work Code Review Manage code changes APPLICATION SECURITY GitHub Advanced Security Find and fix vulnerabilities Code security Secure your code as you build Secret protection Stop leaks before they start EXPLORE Why GitHub Documentation Blog Changelog Marketplace View all features Solutions BY COMPANY SIZE Enterprises Small and medium teams Startups Nonprofits BY USE CASE App Modernization DevSecOps DevOps CI/CD View all use cases BY INDUSTRY Healthcare Financial services Manufacturing Government View all industries View all solutions Resources EXPLORE BY TOPIC AI Software Development DevOps Security View all topics EXPLORE BY TYPE Customer stories Events & webinars Ebooks & reports Business insights GitHub Skills SUPPORT & SERVICES Documentation Customer support Community forum Trust center Partners Open Source COMMUNITY GitHub Sponsors Fund open source developers PROGRAMS Security Lab Maintainer Community Accelerator Archive Program REPOSITORIES Topics Trending Collections Enterprise ENTERPRISE SOLUTIONS Enterprise platform AI-powered developer platform AVAILABLE ADD-ONS GitHub Advanced Security Enterprise-grade security features Copilot for Business Enterprise-grade AI features Premium Support Enterprise-grade 24/7 support Pricing Search or jump to... Search code, repositories, users, issues, pull requests... --> Search Clear Search syntax tips Provide feedback --> We read every piece of feedback, and take your input very seriously. Include my email address so I can be contacted Cancel Submit feedback Saved searches Use saved searches to filter your results more quickly --> Name Query To see all available qualifiers, see our documentation . Cancel Create saved search Sign in Sign up Appearance settings Resetting focus You signed in with another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You signed out in another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. You switched accounts on another tab or window. Reload to refresh your session. Dismiss alert {{ message }} highlight / highlight Public Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Fork 474 Star 9.1k highlight.io: The open source, full-stack monitoring platform. Error monitoring, session replay, logging, distributed tracing, and more. app.highlight.io License View license 9.1k stars 474 forks Branches Tags Activity Star Notifications You must be signed in to change notification settings Code Issues 255 Pull requests 108 Discussions Actions Projects 1 Security Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Insights Additional navigation options Code Issues Pull requests Discussions Actions Projects Security Insights highlight/highlight main Branches Tags Go to file Code Open more actions menu Folders and files Name Name Last commit message Last commit date Latest commit History 7,051 Commits .changeset .changeset .cursor .cursor .devcontainer .devcontainer .github .github .husky .husky .stoat .stoat .vscode .vscode .yarn .yarn __generated/ rr __generated/ rr _templates _templates antlr antlr backend backend bin bin blog-content blog-content cypress cypress deploy deploy docker docker docs-content docs-content e2e e2e email-templates email-templates enterprise enterprise frontend frontend highlight.io highlight.io infra/ cloudformation infra/ cloudformation internal-docs internal-docs packages packages render render rrweb @ 5733499 rrweb @ 5733499 scripts scripts sdk sdk sourcemap-uploader sourcemap-uploader .all-contributorsrc .all-contributorsrc .dockerignore .dockerignore .git-blame-ignore-revs .git-blame-ignore-revs .gitattributes .gitattributes .gitignore .gitignore .gitmodules .gitmodules .ignore .ignore .npmignore .npmignore .prettierignore .prettierignore .prettierrc .prettierrc .reflame.config.jsonc .reflame.config.jsonc .yarnrc.yml .yarnrc.yml CLAUDE.md CLAUDE.md CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md CONTRIBUTING.md CONTRIBUTING.md LICENSE LICENSE README.md README.md SECURITY.md SECURITY.md cypress.config.js cypress.config.js go.work go.work go.work.sum go.work.sum graphql.config.js graphql.config.js knip.json knip.json package.json package.json pgclirc pgclirc tsconfig.json tsconfig.json turbo.json turbo.json vercel.json vercel.json yarn.lock yarn.lock View all files Repository files navigation README Code of conduct Contributing License Security Docs - Community (Support & Feedback) - Feature request - Bug report highlight.io : The open-source, fullstack monitoring platform. highlight.io is a monitoring tool for the next generation of developers (like you!). Unlike the age-old, outdated tools out there, we aim to build a cohesive , modern and fully-featured monitoring solution, something we wished WE had. And it's all open source :) At a high level, highlight.io's feature set is: Session Replay Error Monitoring Logging We strive to make highlight.io as easy to install as a few lines of code in any environment. Read more about our features , values and mission below, and get started at https://highlight.io today! Table of Contents Get started for free Features SDKs Contributors Mission Values Get started Hosted highlight.io (free to get started!) The fastest and most reliable way to get started with highlight.io is signing up for free at app.highlight.io . After making an account, getting started is as easy as installing the client SDK snippet . Hobby self-hosted Deploy a hobby instance in one line on Linux with Docker (we recommend at least 8GB of RAM, 4 CPUs, and 64 GB of disk space): git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/highlight/highlight # or `git submodule update --init --recursive` on git < 2.13 cd docker && ./run-hobby.sh After a brief frontend load time, the app should be accessible at https://localhost . Use the password set in docker/.env variable ADMIN_PASSWORD with any valid email address. Good for <10k sessions and <50k errors ingested monthly. See our docs for more info and limitations . Enterprise self-hosted See our enterprise self-hosted docs to deploy a scalable, production-ready instance with support from our team. Features Session Replay: Understand WHY bugs happen. Dom-based High-fidelity Replay : Replay every interaction and dom change that happened in a given browser session (powered by https://github.com/rrweb-io/rrweb ) Outgoing Network Requests : See all the network requests (and their contents) in a given session to reproduce the data that was sent/received by your frontend -> docs Console logs : Analyze the logs printed ( console.error , console.log , etc..) to the console from your frontend -> docs Embedded Error Monitoring : See the errors associated with a given session to understand what the user was doing leading up to them. Session Comments : Comment on errors to communicate with your team on user frustration, bugs, and more! -> docs Integrations with your favorite tools -> docs Error Monitoring: Understand WHAT bugs are happening. Customizable Error Grouping : Customize rules for grouping repeated errors -> docs Customizable Alerting Rules : Customize how often, and where alerts are sent -> docs Embedded Session Replay : See all of the sessions associated with any given error. SDK Support : Support for a long (and growing!) list of SDKs . Integrations with your favorite tools -> docs Logs: Dig deeper into what's happening on your server. Powerful Search : Search across all your logs, with automatic property collection -> docs Log Alerts : Set thresholds for your log alerts, and view them in the alerts dashboard -> docs Embedded Session Replay and Errors : See all of the sessions & errors associated to a log. SDK Support : Support for a long (and growing!) list of SDKs . Integrations with your favorite tools -> docs Traces: Track the performance of operations on your server. Powerful Search : Search across all your traces, with automatic property collection -> docs Log Alerts : Set thresholds for your log alerts, and view them in the alerts dashboard -> docs Embedded Session Replay, Errors and Logs : See all of the sessions, errors, and logs associated to a trace. SDK Support : Support for a long (and growing!) list of SDKs . Integrations with your favorite tools -> docs More?! Metrics? Traces? Merch? Have an idea for what we should build next? Please share our community or via a Github Issue! Read a full list of highlight.io features . SDKs All of our SDKs for highlight.io can be found in the sdk directory . To get started with these SDKs, we recommend the getting started guide in our docs. Contributors Jay Khatri 💻 📖 Vadim Korolik 💻 📖 Zane Mayberry 💻 📖 Eric Thomas 💻 📖 Chris Schmitz 💻 📖 Chris Esplin 💻 📖 Spencer Amarantides 💻 📖 Abhishek More 💻 Aaron 💻 Julian Schneider 🎨 Cameron Brill 💻 Sasha Aptlin 💻 Richard Hua 💻 Anthony Teo 💻 Nathan Brockway 💻 John Pham 💻 Lewis Liu 💻 Darius 💻 George Thayamkery 💻 Betty Alagwu 💻 Aaron Carver 💻 Nathan R 💻 denise 💻 Xiaojing Chen 💻 Shayne O'Sullivan 💻 Nils Gereke 💻 📖 Nir Gazit 💻 Jayant Keswani 💻 wancup 📖 Adam from Buildjet 💻 Nick Fiacco 💻 📖 Mark Chapman 📖 edde746 💻 Lucas Lemanowicz 💻 Karl Horky 📖 Pedro Saratscheff 💻 Grant Mercer 📖 Lewis 📖 Kalkidan Betre 💻 Tolulope Adetula 💻 jemiluv8 💻 Gergő Móricz 💻 Our Mission Our mission is to support developers like you in shipping with confidence. We do this by giving you the tools you need to uncover, resolve, and prevent issues in your web app. Our Values We build in public. We strive to build in public in every way we can. This means that what we built, what we're building, and what we plan to build is shared with the world. We build a cohesive product. People may think that we're building multiple products (session replay, error monitoring, etc..). But we see it as one. Before we build anything new, we prioritize making it operate seemlessly with everything else. We build for today's developer. If you're building software, why should you care about grafana or loki or the elk stack? highlight.io is built for developers that want to develop . Leave the monitoring stuff to us 👍. Read more about our values here . About highlight.io: The open source, full-stack monitoring platform. Error monitoring, session replay, logging, distributed tracing, and more. app.highlight.io Topics golang open-source typescript monitoring metrics self-hosted full-stack apm tracing observability session-replay Resources Readme License View license Code of conduct Code of conduct Contributing Contributing Security policy Security policy Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Activity Custom properties Stars 9.1k stars Watchers 30 watching Forks 474 forks Report repository Releases 57 docker-v0.5.6 Latest Aug 8, 2025 + 56 releases Packages 0       Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . Contributors 76 Uh oh! There was an error while loading. Please reload this page . + 62 contributors Languages TypeScript 70.9% Go 15.8% JavaScript 8.1% Python 1.1% Java 1.0% CSS 0.9% Other 2.2% Footer © 2026 GitHub, Inc. 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https://dev.to/aws-builders/how-i-troubleshoot-an-ec2-instance-in-the-real-world-using-instance-diagnostics-3dk8	🩺 How I Troubleshoot an EC2 Instance in the Real World (Using Instance Diagnostics) - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Venkata Pavan Vishnu Rachapudi for AWS Community Builders Posted on Jan 12           🩺 How I Troubleshoot an EC2 Instance in the Real World (Using Instance Diagnostics) # aws # ec2 # linux # cloud When an EC2 instance starts misbehaving, my first reaction is not to SSH into it or reboot it. Instead, I open the EC2 console and go straight to Instance Diagnostics . Over time, I’ve realized that most EC2 issues can be understood — and often solved — just by carefully reading what AWS already shows on this page. In this blog, I’ll explain how I use each section of Instance Diagnostics to troubleshoot EC2 issues in a practical, real-world way. The First Question I Answer Before touching anything, I ask myself one simple question: Is this an AWS infrastructure issue, or is it something inside my instance? Instance Diagnostics helps answer this in seconds. Status Overview: Always the Starting Point I always begin with the Status Overview at the top. Instance State This confirms whether the instance is running, stopped, or terminated. If it is not running, there is usually nothing to troubleshoot. System Status Check This reflects the health of the underlying AWS infrastructure such as the physical host and networking. If this check fails, the issue is on the AWS side. In most cases, stopping and starting the instance resolves it by moving the instance to a healthy host. Instance Status Check This check represents the health of the operating system and internal networking. If this fails, the problem is inside the instance — typically related to OS boot issues, kernel problems, firewall rules, or resource exhaustion. EBS Status Check This confirms the health of the attached EBS volumes. If this fails, disk or storage-level issues are likely, and data protection becomes the immediate priority. CloudTrail Events: Tracking Configuration Changes If an issue appears suddenly, the CloudTrail Events tab is where I go next. I use it to confirm: Whether the instance was stopped, started, or rebooted If security groups or network settings were modified Whether IAM roles or instance profiles were changed If volumes were attached or detached This helps quickly identify human or automation-driven changes. SSM Command History: Understanding What Ran on the Instance The SSM Command History tab shows all Systems Manager Run Commands executed on the instance. This is especially useful for identifying: Patch jobs Maintenance scripts Automated remediations Configuration changes If there are no recent commands, that information itself is useful because it confirms that no SSM-driven actions caused the issue. Reachability Analyzer: When the Issue Is Network-Related If the instance is running but not reachable, I open the Reachability Analyzer directly from Instance Diagnostics. This is my go-to tool for diagnosing: Security group issues Network ACL misconfigurations Route table problems Internet gateway or NAT gateway connectivity VPC-to-VPC or on-prem connectivity issues Instead of guessing, Reachability Analyzer visually shows exactly where the network path is blocked. Instance Events: Checking AWS-Initiated Actions The Instance Events tab tells me if AWS has scheduled or performed any actions on the instance. This includes: Scheduled maintenance Host retirement Instance reboot notifications If an issue aligns with one of these events, the root cause becomes immediately clear. Instance Screenshot: When the OS Is Stuck If I cannot connect to the instance at all, I check the Instance Screenshot . This is especially helpful for: Identifying boot failures Detecting kernel panic messages Seeing whether the OS is stuck during startup Even a single screenshot can explain hours of troubleshooting. System Log: Understanding Boot and Kernel Issues The System Log provides low-level OS and kernel messages. I rely on it when: The instance fails to boot properly Services fail during startup Kernel or file system errors are suspected This is one of the best tools for diagnosing OS-level failures without logging in. [[0;32m OK [0m] Reached target [0;1;39mTimer Units[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mUser Login Management[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mUnattended Upgrades Shutdown[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mHostname Service[0m. Starting [0;1;39mAuthorization Manager[0m... [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mAuthorization Manager[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mThe PHP 8.2 FastCGI Process Manager[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Finished [0;1;39mEC2 Instance Connect Host Key Harvesting[0m. Starting [0;1;39mOpenBSD Secure Shell server[0m... [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mOpenBSD Secure Shell server[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mDispatcher daemon for systemd-networkd[0m. [[0;1;31mFAILED[0m] Failed to start [0;1;39mPostfix Ma… Transport Agent (instance -)[0m. See 'systemctl status postfix@-.service' for details. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mLSB: AWS CodeDeploy Host Agent[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mVarnish HTTP accelerator log daemon[0m. [[0;32m OK [0m] Started [0;1;39mSnap Daemon[0m. Starting [0;1;39mTime & Date Service[0m... [ 13.865473] cloud-init[1136]: Cloud-init v. 25.1.4-0ubuntu0~22.04.1 running 'modules:config' at Fri, 05 Dec 2025 01:25:29 +0000. Up 13.71 seconds. Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS ip-*** ttyS0 ip-**** login: [ 15.070290] cloud-init[1152]: Cloud-init v. 25.1.4-0ubuntu0~22.04.1 running 'modules:final' at Fri, 05 Dec 2025 01:25:30 +0000. Up 14.98 seconds. 2025/12/05 01:25:30Z: Amazon SSM Agent v3.3.2299.0 is running 2025/12/05 01:25:30Z: OsProductName: Ubuntu 2025/12/05 01:25:30Z: OsVersion: 22.04 [ 15.189197] cloud-init[1152]: Cloud-init v. 25.1.4-0ubuntu0~22.04.1 finished at Fri, 05 Dec 2025 01:25:30 +0000. Datasource DataSourceEc2Local. Up 15.16 seconds 2025/12/15 21:35:50Z: Amazon SSM Agent v3.3.3050.0 is running 2025/12/15 21:35:50Z: OsProductName: Ubuntu 2025/12/15 21:35:50Z: OsVersion: 22.04 [1091674.876805] Out of memory: Killed process 465 (java) total-vm:11360104kB, anon-rss:1200164kB, file-rss:3072kB, shmem-rss:0kB, UID:1004 pgtables:2760kB oom_score_adj:0 [1091770.835233] Out of memory: Killed process 349683 (php) total-vm:563380kB, anon-rss:430132kB, file-rss:4096kB, shmem-rss:0kB, UID:0 pgtables:1068kB oom_score_adj:0 [1092018.639252] Out of memory: Killed process 347300 (php-fpm8.2) total-vm:531624kB, anon-rss:193648kB, file-rss:3456kB, shmem-rss:106240kB, UID:33 pgtables:888kB oom_score_adj:0 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Session Manager: Secure Access Without SSH If Systems Manager is enabled, I prefer using Session Manager to access the instance. This allows me to: Inspect CPU, memory, and disk usage Restart services safely Avoid opening SSH ports or managing key pairs From both a security and operational standpoint, this is my preferred access method. What Experience Has Taught Me Troubleshooting EC2 instances is not about reacting quickly — it is about observing carefully. Instance Diagnostics already provides: Health signals Change history Network analysis OS-level visibility When used correctly, these tools eliminate guesswork and reduce downtime. Final Thoughts My approach to EC2 troubleshooting is simple: Start with Instance Diagnostics. Understand the signals. Act only after the root cause is clear. In most cases, the answer is already visible — we just need to slow down and read it. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? 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https://dev.to/flo152121063061/i-tried-to-capture-system-audio-in-the-browser-heres-what-i-learned-1f99#comments	I tried to capture system audio in the browser. Here's what I learned. - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Flo Posted on Jan 12           I tried to capture system audio in the browser. Here's what I learned. # webdev # javascript # learning # api I'm building LiveSuggest, a real-time AI assistant that listens to your meetings and gives you suggestions as you talk. Simple idea, right? Turns out, capturing audio from a browser tab is... complicated. The good news Chrome and Edge support it. You use getDisplayMedia , the same API for screen sharing, but with an audio option: const stream = await navigator . mediaDevices . getDisplayMedia ({ video : true , audio : { systemAudio : ' include ' } }); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The user picks a tab to share, checks "Share tab audio", and boom — you get the audio stream. Works great for Zoom, Teams, Meet, whatever runs in a browser tab. The bad news Firefox? Implements getDisplayMedia but completely ignores the audio part. No error, no warning. You just... don't get audio. Safari? Same story. The API exists, audio doesn't. Mobile browsers? None of them support it. iOS, Android, doesn't matter. So if you're building something that needs system audio, you're looking at Chrome/Edge desktop only. That's maybe 60-65% of your potential users. What I ended up doing I detect the browser upfront and show a clear message: "Firefox doesn't support system audio capture for meetings. Use Chrome or Edge for this feature. Microphone capture is still available." No tricks, no workarounds. Just honesty. Users appreciate knowing why something doesn't work rather than wondering if they did something wrong. For Firefox/Safari users, the app falls back to microphone-only mode. It's not ideal for capturing both sides of a conversation, but it's better than nothing. The annoying details A few things that wasted my time so they don't waste yours: You have to request video. Even if you only want audio. video: true is mandatory. I immediately stop the video track after getting the stream, but you can't skip it. The "Share tab audio" checkbox is easy to miss. Chrome shows it in the sharing dialog, but it's not checked by default. If your user doesn't check it, you get a stream with zero audio tracks. No error, just silence. The stream can die anytime. User clicks "Stop sharing" in Chrome's toolbar? Your stream ends. You need to listen for the ended event and handle it gracefully. Was it worth it? Absolutely. For the browsers that support it, capturing tab audio is a game-changer. You can build things that weren't possible before — meeting assistants, live translators, accessibility tools. Just go in knowing that you'll spend time on browser detection and fallbacks. That's the web in 2025. If you're curious about what I built, check out LiveSuggest . And if you've found better workarounds for Firefox/Safari, I'd love to hear about them in the comments. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . 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https://dev.to/siy/the-underlying-process-of-request-processing-1od4	The Underlying Process of Request Processing - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Sergiy Yevtushenko Posted on Jan 12 • Originally published at pragmatica.dev The Underlying Process of Request Processing # java # functional # architecture # backend The Underlying Process of Request Processing Beyond Languages and Frameworks Every request your system handles follows the same fundamental process. It doesn't matter if you're writing Java, Rust, or Python. It doesn't matter if you're using Spring, Express, or raw sockets. The underlying process is universal because it mirrors how humans naturally solve problems. When you receive a question, you don't answer immediately. You gather context. You retrieve relevant knowledge. You combine pieces of information. You transform raw data into meaningful understanding. Only then do you formulate a response. This is data transformation--taking input and gradually collecting necessary pieces of knowledge to provide a correct answer. Software request processing works identically. The Universal Pattern Every request follows these stages: Parse - Transform raw input into validated domain objects Gather - Collect necessary data from various sources Process - Apply business logic to produce results Respond - Transform results into appropriate output format This isn't a framework pattern. It's not a design choice. It's the fundamental nature of information processing. Whether you're handling an HTTP request, processing a message from a queue, or responding to a CLI command--the process is the same. Input → Parse → Gather → Process → Respond → Output Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Each stage transforms data. Each stage may need additional data. Each stage may fail. The entire flow is a data transformation pipeline. Why Async Looks Like Sync Here's the insight that changes everything: when you think in terms of data transformation, the sync/async distinction disappears . Consider these two operations: // "Synchronous" Result < User > user = database . findUser ( userId ); // "Asynchronous" Promise < User > user = httpClient . fetchUser ( userId ); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode From a data transformation perspective, these are identical: Both take a user ID Both produce a User (or failure) Both are steps in a larger pipeline The only difference is when the result becomes available. But that's an execution detail, not a structural concern. Your business logic doesn't care whether the data came from local memory or crossed an ocean. It cares about what the data is and what to do with it. When you structure code as data transformation pipelines, this becomes obvious: // The structure is identical regardless of sync/async return userId . all ( id -> findUser ( id ), // Might be sync or async id -> loadPermissions ( id ), // Might be sync or async id -> fetchPreferences ( id ) // Might be sync or async ). map ( this :: buildContext ); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The pattern doesn't change. The composition doesn't change. Only the underlying execution strategy changes--and that's handled by the types, not by you. Parallel Execution Becomes Transparent The same principle applies to parallelism. When operations are independent, they can run in parallel. When they depend on each other, they must run sequentially. This isn't a choice you make--it's determined by the data flow. // Sequential: each step needs the previous result return validateInput ( request ) . flatMap ( this :: createUser ) . flatMap ( this :: sendWelcomeEmail ); // Parallel: steps are independent return Promise . all ( fetchUserProfile ( userId ), loadAccountSettings ( userId ), getRecentActivity ( userId ) ). map ( this :: buildDashboard ); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode You don't decide "this should be parallel" or "this should be sequential." You express the data dependencies. The execution strategy follows from the structure. If operations share no data dependencies, they're naturally parallelizable. If one needs another's output, they're naturally sequential. This is why thinking in data transformation is so powerful. You describe what needs to happen and what data flows where . The how --sync vs async, sequential vs parallel--emerges from the structure itself. The JBCT Patterns as Universal Primitives Java Backend Coding Technology captures this insight in six patterns: Leaf - Single transformation (atomic) Sequencer - A → B → C, dependent chain (sequential) Fork-Join - A + B + C → D, independent merge (parallel-capable) Condition - Route based on value (branching) Iteration - Transform collection (map/fold) Aspects - Wrap transformation (decoration) These aren't arbitrary design patterns. They're the fundamental ways data can flow through a system: Transform a single value (Leaf) Chain dependent transformations (Sequencer) Combine independent transformations (Fork-Join) Choose between transformations (Condition) Apply transformation to many values (Iteration) Enhance a transformation (Aspects) Every request processing task--regardless of domain, language, or framework--decomposes into these six primitives. Once you internalize this, implementation becomes mechanical. You're not inventing structure; you're recognizing the inherent structure of the problem. Optimal Implementation as Routine When you see request processing as data transformation, optimization becomes straightforward: Identify independent operations → They can parallelize (Fork-Join) Identify dependent chains → They must sequence (Sequencer) Identify decision points → They become conditions Identify collection processing → They become iterations Identify cross-cutting concerns → They become aspects You're not making architectural decisions. You're reading the inherent structure of the problem and translating it directly into code. This is why JBCT produces consistent code across developers and AI assistants. There's essentially one correct structure for any given data flow. Different people analyzing the same problem arrive at the same solution--not because they memorized patterns, but because the patterns are the natural expression of data transformation. The Shift in Thinking Traditional programming asks: "What sequence of instructions produces the desired effect?" Data transformation thinking asks: "What shape does the data take at each stage, and what transformations connect them?" The first approach leads to imperative code where control flow dominates. The second leads to declarative pipelines where data flow dominates. When you make this shift: Async stops being "harder" than sync Parallel stops being "risky" Error handling stops being an afterthought Testing becomes straightforward (pure transformations are trivially testable) You're no longer fighting the machine to do what you want. You're describing transformations and letting the runtime figure out the optimal execution strategy. Conclusion Request processing is data transformation. This isn't a paradigm or a methodology--it's the underlying reality that every paradigm and methodology is trying to express. Languages and frameworks provide different syntax. Some make data transformation easier to express than others. But the fundamental process doesn't change. Input arrives. Data transforms through stages. Output emerges. JBCT patterns aren't rules to memorize. They're the vocabulary for describing data transformation in Java. Once you see the underlying process clearly, using these patterns becomes as natural as describing what you see. The result: any processing task, implemented in close to optimal form, as a matter of routine. Part of Java Backend Coding Technology - a methodology for writing predictable, testable backend code. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Sergiy Yevtushenko Follow Writing code for 35+ years and still enjoy it... Location Krakow, Poland Work Senior Software Engineer Joined Mar 14, 2019 More from Sergiy Yevtushenko From Subjective Opinions to Systematic Analysis: Pattern-Based Code Review # codereview # java # patterns # bestpractices Java Should Stop Trying To Be Like Everybody Else # java # kubernetes # runtime # deployment Java Backend Coding Technology: Writing Code in the Era of AI #Version 1.1 # ai # java # codingtechnology 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Security Follow Hide Hopefully not just an afterthought! Create Post submission guidelines Write as you are pleased, be mindful and keep it civil. Older #security posts 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Why HMAC Is the Right Choice for Webhook Security (and Why Spubhi Makes It Simple) Spubhi Spubhi Spubhi Follow Jan 5 Why HMAC Is the Right Choice for Webhook Security (and Why Spubhi Makes It Simple) # api # backend # security Comments Add Comment 3 min read Pickle.loads() Executando Código Arbitrário cardoso cardoso cardoso Follow Jan 6 Pickle.loads() Executando Código Arbitrário # programming # security Comments Add Comment 2 min read Secure your AWS credentials on GitHub Actions with OIDC V-ris Jaijongrak V-ris Jaijongrak V-ris Jaijongrak Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 7 Secure your AWS credentials on GitHub Actions with OIDC # aws # github # cloudnative # security Comments Add Comment 3 min read Automate your Ansible upgrade and migration process XLAB Steampunk XLAB Steampunk XLAB Steampunk Follow Jan 6 Automate your Ansible upgrade and migration process # ansible # ansibleplaybooks # security # compliance Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Built an App After Getting Catfished 3 Times Arsene Muyen Lee Arsene Muyen Lee Arsene Muyen Lee Follow Jan 7 I Built an App After Getting Catfished 3 Times # 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close React Follow Hide Official tag for Facebook's React JavaScript library for building user interfaces Create Post submission guidelines 1️⃣ Post Facebook's React ⚛ related posts/questions/discussion topics here~ 2️⃣ There are no silly posts or questions as we all learn from each other👩‍🎓👨‍🎓 3️⃣ Adhere to dev.to 👩‍💻👨‍💻 Code of Conduct about #react React is a declarative, component-based library, you can learn once, and write anywhere Editor Guide Check out this Editor Guide or this post to learn how to add code syntax highlights, embed CodeSandbox/Codepen, etc Official Documentations & Source Docs Tutorial Community Blog Source code on GitHub Improving Your Chances for a Reply by putting a minimal example to either JSFiddle , Code Sandbox , or StackBlitz . 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Right menu Runtime 0.3.0: The Unified Serverless Framework for TypeScript Raman Marozau Raman Marozau Raman Marozau Follow Jan 7 Runtime 0.3.0: The Unified Serverless Framework for TypeScript # aws # react # serverless # typescript Comments Add Comment 4 min read 11+ Best Open Source Shadcn Dashboard Templates for 2026 Bishoy Semsem Bishoy Semsem Bishoy Semsem Follow Jan 6 11+ Best Open Source Shadcn Dashboard Templates for 2026 # react # webdev Comments Add Comment 5 min read Comment j’ai créé et préparé pour le Store une application mobile avec React Native Expo et Supabase Mhd Almouchafaou Mhd Almouchafaou Mhd Almouchafaou Follow Jan 5 Comment j’ai créé et préparé pour le Store une application mobile avec React Native Expo et Supabase # webdev # react # android # ux Comments Add Comment 3 min read Rethinking React Architecture at Scale: From Hooks to Remote Contexts Shanthi's Dev Diary Shanthi's Dev Diary Shanthi's Dev Diary Follow Jan 6 Rethinking React Architecture at Scale: From Hooks to Remote Contexts # react # microfrontends # architecture # statemanagement Comments Add Comment 3 min read ReactJS Design Pattern ~State Machine Pattern~ Ogasawara Kakeru Ogasawara Kakeru Ogasawara Kakeru Follow Jan 6 ReactJS Design Pattern ~State Machine Pattern~ # programming # react # learning # frontend Comments Add Comment 1 min read Build Web Components with React using R2WC (react-to-web-component) A0mineTV A0mineTV A0mineTV Follow Jan 6 Build Web Components with React using R2WC (react-to-web-component) # react # webcomponents # typescript # frontend Comments Add Comment 5 min read ReactJS Design Pattern ~Children Pattern~ Ogasawara Kakeru Ogasawara Kakeru Ogasawara Kakeru Follow Jan 7 ReactJS Design Pattern ~Children Pattern~ # programming # react # learning # frontend Comments Add Comment 1 min read ReactJS Design Pattern ~Colocating State~ Ogasawara Kakeru Ogasawara Kakeru Ogasawara Kakeru Follow Jan 5 ReactJS Design Pattern ~Colocating State~ # programming # react # learning # frontend Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building a Secure Demo Banking App [Part 1] Bladimir Bladimir Bladimir Follow Jan 6 Building a Secure Demo Banking App [Part 1] # programming # springboot # react Comments Add Comment 3 min read Stop Importing clsx in React. 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The Luxury of "Pure" JSX. # webdev # javascript # typescript # react 5 reactions Comments 1 comment 3 min read Why Complex Visualizations Need Algorithms: Analyzing Grafana Forks' Dependencies Ruiwen Zeng Ruiwen Zeng Ruiwen Zeng Follow Jan 5 Why Complex Visualizations Need Algorithms: Analyzing Grafana Forks' Dependencies # javascript # programming # react Comments Add Comment 3 min read Improving Accessibility – Modal hritickjaiswal hritickjaiswal hritickjaiswal Follow Jan 6 Improving Accessibility – Modal # a11y # frontend # react # nextjs 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Mastering TypeScript Utility Types: Part 1 — The Sculptors Manuj Sankrit Manuj Sankrit Manuj Sankrit Follow Jan 5 Mastering TypeScript Utility Types: Part 1 — The Sculptors # webdev # typescript # react # nextjs Comments Add Comment 8 min read The Vercel "Silent 500": How to Actually See Your Production Errors (In Under 2 Minutes) Mark Kaave Mark Kaave Mark Kaave Follow Jan 6 The Vercel "Silent 500": How to Actually See Your Production Errors (In Under 2 Minutes) # webdev # react # buildinpublic # saas Comments Add Comment 3 min read Turning React/TypeScript Codebases Into Deterministic AI Context - End to End Amit Amit Amit Follow Jan 6 Turning React/TypeScript Codebases Into Deterministic AI Context - End to End # llm # react # tooling # typescript Comments Add Comment 2 min read Developer Toolkit Pro Zntb Zntb Zntb Follow Jan 6 Developer Toolkit Pro # showdev # nextjs # react # tooling Comments Add Comment 3 min read 🚀 Full-Stack AI Image Generation App \| OpenAI DALL-E & Cloudinary Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Jan 6 🚀 Full-Stack AI Image Generation App \| OpenAI DALL-E & Cloudinary # ai # react # opensource # mern 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read I Built a Small Project in 3 Nights Just to Try Inertia and the New Laravel Anton Kulyk Anton Kulyk Anton Kulyk Follow Jan 5 I Built a Small Project in 3 Nights Just to Try Inertia and the New Laravel # showdev # laravel # learning # react Comments Add Comment 2 min read "use client" and "use server" directive in simple manner Ashish Prajapati Ashish Prajapati Ashish Prajapati Follow Jan 5 "use client" and "use server" directive in simple manner # nextjs # react # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read React Higher-Order Components (HOCs) in a Hooks-First World Ward Khaddour Ward Khaddour Ward Khaddour Follow Jan 4 React Higher-Order Components (HOCs) in a Hooks-First World # react # typescript # ui Comments Add Comment 7 min read Deploy TanStack Start + PostgreSQL to Your Own Server with Haloy Andreas M Andreas M Andreas M Follow Jan 6 Deploy TanStack Start + PostgreSQL to Your Own Server with Haloy # webdev # react # devops # postgres Comments Add Comment 7 min read Building Circadian UI: time-aware theming for React + Next.js (Open Source) Zimtzimt Zimtzimt Zimtzimt Follow Jan 4 Building Circadian UI: time-aware theming for React + Next.js (Open Source) # webdev # css # react # design Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why React Native is My Go-To Choice for Production Apps 🚀 Habiba Shahidi Habiba Shahidi Habiba Shahidi Follow Jan 6 Why React Native is My Go-To Choice for Production Apps 🚀 # react # architecture # programming # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Multi-Page Electron Apps Exist — Even If We Rarely Talk About Them Nandani Bansal Nandani Bansal Nandani Bansal Follow Jan 4 Multi-Page Electron Apps Exist — Even If We Rarely Talk About Them # electron # react # typescript # javascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read React JS Bootstrap Modal: Complete Guide for Beginners EncodeDots Technolabs EncodeDots Technolabs EncodeDots Technolabs Follow Jan 5 React JS Bootstrap Modal: Complete Guide for Beginners # webdev # programming # react # reactjsdevelopment Comments Add Comment 9 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Security Forem Close Beginners Follow Hide "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." -Chinese Proverb Create Post submission guidelines UPDATED AUGUST 2, 2019 This tag is dedicated to beginners to programming, development, networking, or to a particular language. Everything should be geared towards that! For Questions... Consider using this tag along with #help, if... You are new to a language, or to programming in general, You want an explanation with NO prerequisite knowledge required. You want insight from more experienced developers. Please do not use this tag if you are merely new to a tool, library, or framework. See also, #explainlikeimfive For Articles... Posts should be specifically geared towards true beginners (experience level 0-2 out of 10). 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Older #beginners posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 3379 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 1.2 Study Guide: Core Security Concepts Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Jan 9 CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 1.2 Study Guide: Core Security Concepts # comptia # securityplus # beginners # cybersecurity Comments Add Comment 9 min read My First Blog as a Cybersecurity Beginner: Learning Networking with Wireshark. Amber Amber Amber Follow Jan 4 My First Blog as a Cybersecurity Beginner: Learning Networking with Wireshark. # beginners # networksec # career # education 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read My First Post on Security Forem labingae labingae labingae Follow Dec 5 '25 My First Post on Security Forem # beginners # career # cybersecurity # penetrationtester Comments 1 comment 1 min read What Everyday IoT Devices Can Teach Us About Security-by-Design Asher Asher Asher Follow Nov 27 '25 What Everyday IoT Devices Can Teach Us About Security-by-Design # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read Looking for security feedback on a side project I’ve been building Dinesh Dawonauth Dinesh Dawonauth Dinesh Dawonauth Follow Dec 22 '25 Looking for security feedback on a side project I’ve been building # beginners # tools # cryptography 2 reactions Comments 6 comments 1 min read Building an Air-Gapped AI Defense System in Python (No Cloud APIs) SovArcNeo SovArcNeo SovArcNeo Follow Nov 21 '25 Building an Air-Gapped AI Defense System in Python (No Cloud APIs) # discuss # blueteam # beginners # tools Comments Add Comment 1 min read What Really Happens When You Join Public Wi-Fi (And How To Stay Safe Anyway) Tashfia Akther Tashfia Akther Tashfia Akther Follow Dec 16 '25 What Really Happens When You Join Public Wi-Fi (And How To Stay Safe Anyway) # discuss # cybersecurity # privacy # beginners 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read IT Asset Management-Vulnerabilities and Patches. Kiran Vedagiri Kiran Vedagiri Kiran Vedagiri Follow Nov 11 '25 IT Asset Management-Vulnerabilities and Patches. # beginners # education Comments Add Comment 9 min read I put an Air-Gapped Neural Network in my pocket (Python on Android) SovArcNeo SovArcNeo SovArcNeo Follow Nov 21 '25 I put an Air-Gapped Neural Network in my pocket (Python on Android) # discuss # beginners # tools # devsecops 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read How Hackers Read Your Messages Without Touching Your Phone: What You Need to Know Sagar Sajwan Sagar Sajwan Sagar Sajwan Follow Nov 20 '25 How Hackers Read Your Messages Without Touching Your Phone: What You Need to Know # beginners # education # networksec 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 1.1 Study Guide: Understanding Security Controls Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Nov 5 '25 CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 1.1 Study Guide: Understanding Security Controls # comptia # securityplus # beginners # cybersecurity 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read CompTIA Network+ N10-009 5.5 Study Guide: Network Device Commands and Tools Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Oct 1 '25 CompTIA Network+ N10-009 5.5 Study Guide: Network Device Commands and Tools # networking # network # comptia # beginners Comments Add Comment 7 min read SIEM vs. SOAR Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Follow Sep 28 '25 SIEM vs. SOAR # beginners # education # networksec Comments Add Comment 6 min read How to Recognize a Real vs Fake Cybersecurity Alert Deepak Sharma Deepak Sharma Deepak Sharma Follow Oct 31 '25 How to Recognize a Real vs Fake Cybersecurity Alert # beginners # education Comments Add Comment 9 min read CompTIA Network+ N10-009 4.2 Study Guide: Common Network Attacks Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Sep 25 '25 CompTIA Network+ N10-009 4.2 Study Guide: Common Network Attacks # networking # comptia # beginners # cybersecurity Comments Add Comment 12 min read picoCTF RPS writeup Hitanshu Gedam Hitanshu Gedam Hitanshu Gedam Follow Sep 20 '25 picoCTF RPS writeup # beginners # education Comments Add Comment 3 min read Threat Hunting: Strategies & Tools Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Follow Oct 14 '25 Threat Hunting: Strategies & Tools # beginners # networksec 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read October 2025 Security Scoop: AI in Attacks, Fresh Vulns, and Career Boosts Om Shree Om Shree Om Shree Follow Oct 12 '25 October 2025 Security Scoop: AI in Attacks, Fresh Vulns, and Career Boosts # discuss # beginners # aws # news 20 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read What Is Cryptography—and How Do You Actually Start Cryptanalysis? OnlineProxy OnlineProxy OnlineProxy Follow Oct 9 '25 What Is Cryptography—and How Do You Actually Start Cryptanalysis? # cryptocurrency # beginners # learning # future 1 reaction Comments 2 comments 10 min read How Small Businesses Can Safeguard Themselves Against Cyberattacks GuardingPearSoftware GuardingPearSoftware GuardingPearSoftware Follow Oct 6 '25 How Small Businesses Can Safeguard Themselves Against Cyberattacks # beginners # networksec 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read The Complete Guide to Cybersecurity Incident Response: From Detection to Recovery Introvert Developer Introvert Developer Introvert Developer Follow Sep 29 '25 The Complete Guide to Cybersecurity Incident Response: From Detection to Recovery # beginners # education 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 13 min read CompTIA Network+ N10-009 4.3 Study Guide: Device and Network Security Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Sep 26 '25 CompTIA Network+ N10-009 4.3 Study Guide: Device and Network Security # networking # cybersecurity # comptia # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read Network+ N10-009 4.1 Study Guide: Security Concepts and Practices Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Sep 23 '25 Network+ N10-009 4.1 Study Guide: Security Concepts and Practices # networking # network # comptia # beginners Comments Add Comment 9 min read 5 Monitoring Concepts You Need to Master the N10-009 Exam: From Information Overload to Focused Insight Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Andrew Despres Follow Sep 17 '25 5 Monitoring Concepts You Need to Master the N10-009 Exam: From Information Overload to Focused Insight # cybersecurity # networking # comptia # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read Mac Patch Management Tool Recommendations (2025) Emily Emily Emily Follow Sep 18 '25 Mac Patch Management Tool Recommendations (2025) # beginners # tutorial # programming # productivity Comments Add Comment 6 min read loading... trending guides/resources Building an Air-Gapped AI Defense System in Python (No Cloud APIs) What Everyday IoT Devices Can Teach Us About Security-by-Design How Hackers Read Your Messages Without Touching Your Phone: What You Need to Know How to Recognize a Real vs Fake Cybersecurity Alert CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 1.2 Study Guide: Core Security Concepts What Really Happens When You Join Public Wi-Fi (And How To Stay Safe Anyway) CompTIA Security+ SY0-701 1.1 Study Guide: Understanding Security Controls Looking for security feedback on a side project I’ve been building I put an Air-Gapped Neural Network in my pocket (Python on Android) 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Security Forem — Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Security Forem © 2016 - 2026. Share. Secure. Succeed Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/bogaboga1/odoo-core-and-the-cost-of-reinventing-everything-15n1	Odoo Core and the Cost of Reinventing Everything - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Boga Posted on Jan 12 Odoo Core and the Cost of Reinventing Everything # python # odoo # qweb # owl Hello, this is my first blog post ever. I’d like to share my experience working with Odoo , an open-source Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system, and explain why I believe many of its architectural choices cause unnecessary complexity. Odoo is a single platform that provides many prebuilt modules (mini-applications) that most companies need. For example, almost every company requires a Human Resources system to manage employee details, leaves, attendance, contracts, resignations, and more. Beyond HR, companies also need purchasing, inventory, accounting, authentication, authorization, and other systems. Odoo bundles all of these tightly coupled systems into a single installation. On paper, this sounds great — and from a business perspective, it often is. From a technical perspective , however, things get complicated very quickly. Odoo Core Components Below are the main Odoo components, ranked from least complex to most complex, and all largely developed in-house instead of relying on existing mature frameworks: Odoo HTTP Layer JSON-RPC Website routing Odoo Views XML transformed into Python and JavaScript Odoo ORM Custom inheritance system Query builder Dependency injection Caching layers Cache System Implemented from scratch WebSocket Implementation Very low-level handling Odoo HTTP Layer Odoo is not built on a standard Python web framework like Django or Flask. Instead, it implements its own HTTP framework on top of Werkzeug (a WSGI utility library). This HTTP layer introduces its own abstractions, request lifecycle, routing, and serialization logic, including JSON-RPC and website controllers. While technically impressive, it reinvents many problems that have already been solved — and battle-tested — by existing frameworks. Odoo Views In my opinion, this is one of the most problematic parts of Odoo. Instead of using standard frontend technologies, Odoo relies heavily on XML-based views . These XML files are sent to the browser and then transformed using Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) analysis into JavaScript. In other contexts (like the website), the XML may be converted into Python code and sometimes back into JavaScript again. This creates: High cognitive overhead Difficult debugging Tight coupling between backend and frontend Poor tooling support compared to modern frontend stacks It feels like building a car from raw metal just to drive from point A to point B. Odoo ORM Odoo’s ORM is not a typical ORM. It implements: A custom inheritance system (instead of using Python’s built-in one) Its own dependency injection mechanism A query builder Caching layers (LRU) Model extension via monkey-patching While powerful, this system is extremely complex and hard to reason about. Debugging model behavior often feels like navigating invisible layers of magic. WebSocket Implementation Instead of using a mature real-time framework, Odoo implements its WebSocket handling with very low-level logic, sometimes in surprisingly small and dense files. A single comment from the codebase summarizes this approach better than words ever could: The “Odoo Is Old” Argument A common defense of Odoo’s architecture is that “it’s an old system” — originally developed around 2005 using Python 2. However, this argument no longer holds. Odoo was largely rewritten from scratch around 2017 to support Python 3. At that time, many excellent frameworks already existed and had solved the same problems more cleanly, while continuing to evolve without breaking their ecosystems. Today, even small changes in Odoo’s core can break custom modules unless they are limited to simple CRUD models with minimal dependencies on core behavior. Final Thoughts Odoo is a powerful product and a successful business platform. But from a software engineering perspective, many of its design decisions prioritize control and internal consistency over maintainability, clarity, and developer experience . If you work with Odoo long enough, you stop asking “why does it work this way?” and start asking “how do I survive this upgrade?” Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Boga Follow Senior Software Engineer Joined Jan 12, 2026 Trending on DEV Community Hot 🧱 Beginner-Friendly Guide 'Maximal Rectangle' – LeetCode 85 (C++, Python, JavaScript) # programming # cpp # python # javascript The First Week at a Startup Taught Me More Than I Expected # startup # beginners # career # learning What was your win this week??? # weeklyretro # discuss 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/tatyanabayramova/accessibility-testing-on-windows-on-mac-48e4	Accessibility Testing on Windows on Mac - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Posted on May 13, 2025 • Originally published at tatanotes.com           Accessibility Testing on Windows on Mac # a11y # testing # web # discuss Today's note is about something that I, as a new Mac user, had to deal with while setting up my work environment. TL;DR: To run NVDA and JAWS on a Mac, you need to install Windows 11 for ARM in a virtual machine like UTM , and map a spare key to the Insert key with SharpKeys . Why do accessibility testing on Windows if you have a Mac? According to the WebAIM Screen Reader User Survey #10 , Windows-only screen readers NVDA and JAWS are used by the majority of users. Just like browsers, screen readers have differences in how they present information, so it's always a good idea to test your website or app using different browser/screen reader combinations. In addition, some of the styling, like box shadows, background images, and so on, is removed when Windows High Contrast Mode (WHCM) is enabled. Sadly, there is no alternative to the WHCM on the Mac. Installation Step 1 – Installing a virtual machine There are multiple virtual machines available on Mac, such as Parallels, VirtualBox, and UTM. I'm using UTM, but this guide doesn't depend on its specifics, so you can choose whatever works for you. You can download UTM for free from the official website . You can also purchase it from the Mac App Store to support the team behind the software. Step 2 – Installing Windows When you have got UTM up and running, create a new virtual machine. You will need a Windows installation disk image, which you can download from the Microsoft website . Click on "Create a New Virtual Machine", select "Virtualize", and follow the wizard. You will need to specify the path to the installation ISO here. Step 3 – Installing screen readers Both NVDA and JAWS work on ARM-based devices now, so you can install them in a virtual machine, just as you would on a real device. If you would like to install any other programs, make sure that they also support ARM processors. Step 4 – Mapping missing keys Due to the fact that Mac and Windows use different keyboards, you are not able to use the Insert key in your UTM virtual machine. (You will need it for the various shortcuts for NVDA and JAWS.) You have to use a third-party program to remap keys on Mac or Windows level. I'm using SharpKeys – an open-source program for Windows. Download, install, and run SharpKeys inside the virtual machine . Click on the "Add" button. In the new window, find "Special: Insert" on the right. In the left list, select a key that you would like to act as the Insert key. For instance, if you select F1 on the left, every time you press F1 key inside your virtual machine, it will register as Insert. Make sure to map a key that is not used in any shortcuts. Once finished, press "OK", and then "Write to registry" to save changes – it will not work otherwise. At this point, you're good to go and start your accessibility testing. Hooray! Step 5 (bonus) – Accessing localhost If you are developing a project and running it locally, you might want to do quality assurance before deploying changes. For this, you need to be able to access your project at http://localhost:port from within the virtual machine. One way to do that with UTM is to set the network mode for the virtual machine to "Shared Network". Then, look up the Default Gateway IP address in Windows, which you can do by running ipconfig command in the Command Prompt: Now make sure that your project is accepting requests to this IP address. For example, to run a SvelteKit project in development mode and accept connections on all available IP addresses, you need to slightly modify the default command: npm run dev -- --host Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode You can find a similar command for your tool. Extensive accessibility testing is important Mac is a great platform for web development. However, the reality is that majority of desktop users are Windows users. Thanks to tools like UTM, we are able to run Windows and Windows-specific software directly on a Mac. By testing on a wide range of tools and platforms, we make the Web accessible for all. What is your setup? Share it in the comments! Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Follow Senior Software Engineer \| CPACC \| IAAP Member \| Accessibility Joined Dec 3, 2024 More from Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC AI in Assistive Technologies for People with Visual Impairments # discuss # a11y # ai # news Glaucoma Awareness Month # a11y # discuss # news Our Rights, Our Future, Right Now - Celebrating Human Rights Day # a11y # discuss # news # learning 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/ben/meme-monday-2if1	Meme Monday - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Ben Halpern Posted on Jan 12           Meme Monday # jokes # watercooler # discuss Meme Monday! Today's cover image comes from last week's thread . DEV is an inclusive space! Humor in poor taste will be downvoted by mods. Top comments (18) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Education School Work Student Joined Jan 11, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Finally, a UI that doesn't make me check my phone for a code. This is the peak user experience we should all strive for. 10/10 security. Like comment: Like comment: 4  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide haha Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Today's AI comedy showdown based on the joke from the cover Gemini ChatGPT Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 • Edited on Jan 12 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide These are both complicated and not great but I think Gemini is a bit funnier here Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Reid Burton Reid Burton Reid Burton Follow I am an amateur programmer. I program in more languages than I care to remember. Location string Location = null; Education Homeschooled Pronouns He/Him Work Ceo of unemployment. Joined Nov 7, 2024 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Tru dat. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Best Codes Best Codes Best Codes Follow I love coding, 3D designing, and listening to music. I'm currently a fanatic about Rust, TypeScript, and Next.js. Christian, Coder, Creator Email bestcodes.official+devto@gmail.com Location Earth Education Self-taught Work Freelance Programmer \| Fullstack Dev Joined Oct 24, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It's hard to tell which one is “funnier” because they're both so bad 💀 Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   heckno heckno heckno Follow Joined Sep 4, 2025 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 9  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Follow Level up 10x faster Email aryanc1240@gmail.com Location Pune, India Pronouns He/Him Work SDE 1 Joined Nov 5, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Haha I'm gonna use this term Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   heckno heckno heckno Follow Joined Sep 4, 2025 • Jan 12 • Edited on Jan 12 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 10  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Education School Work Student Joined Jan 11, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide 😂 Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide lol Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Best Codes Best Codes Best Codes Follow I love coding, 3D designing, and listening to music. I'm currently a fanatic about Rust, TypeScript, and Next.js. Christian, Coder, Creator Email bestcodes.official+devto@gmail.com Location Earth Education Self-taught Work Freelance Programmer \| Fullstack Dev Joined Oct 24, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Follow Level up 10x faster Email aryanc1240@gmail.com Location Pune, India Pronouns He/Him Work SDE 1 Joined Nov 5, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Follow CS Student & Dad. I build privacy-first apps on Arch Linux (btw). Turning caffeine into code. Location Texas Education Bachelor of science in computer science Pronouns He/Him Work Founder & Lead Dev Joined Sep 2, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide When someone asks me about my side-project Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Timm David Timm David Timm David Follow Joined Dec 10, 2025 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide hahaha great. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Follow Software Engineer • Technical Content Writer • LinkedIn Content Creator Email hadilbenabdallah111@gmail.com Location Tunisia Education ENET'COM Pronouns she/her Work Content Writer & Social Media Manager Joined Nov 13, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (18 comments) Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 More from Ben Halpern Meme Monday # discuss # jokes # watercooler Meme Monday # discuss # watercooler # jokes Meme Monday # discuss # watercooler # jokes 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. 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https://dev.to/codebunny20/looking-for-help-if-possible-im-stuck-on-my-trackmyhrt-app-medication-symptom-tracker-38fa#comments	🌈 Looking for help if possible: I’m Stuck on My TrackMyHRT App (Medication + Symptom Tracker) - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse codebunny20 Posted on Jan 12           🌈 Looking for help if possible: I’m Stuck on My TrackMyHRT App (Medication + Symptom Tracker) # discuss # python # programming # opensource Hey devs — I’m working on a small, offline, privacy‑first desktop app called TrackMyHRT, and I’ve hit a point where I could really use some outside perspective. TrackMyHRT is part of a larger vision, but right now I’m focusing on this one tool: a simple, calm interface for logging HRT doses, symptoms, mood, energy, libido, and notes, with local‑only storage and export options. It’s meant to help people understand their patterns and advocate for themselves without giving their data to a cloud service. The core features work, but I’m stuck on the next steps. 🔧 Where I’m stuck (TrackMyHRT‑specific) Data model decisions I’m unsure whether to: keep the current JSON structure as‑is refactor into something more future‑proof or split entries into smaller components (meds, symptoms, metadata) I don’t want to over‑engineer, but I also don’t want to put myself into a corner. UI flow + structure The current UI works, but I’m struggling with: how to make the entry form feel smoother and less “form‑heavy” whether the viewer should stay simple or become more detailed how to keep everything accessible without clutter I want it to feel calm and low‑pressure, not like filling out a medical form. Export formats + long‑term planning Right now I support .jsonl, .json, .txt, and .md.I’m unsure whether: this is too many I should standardize around one or I should add a more structured export for future integrations Migration logic I have a small migration step for older JSONL → JSON storage.I’m not sure if I should: keep supporting legacy formats or simplify and drop old versions entirely 💬 What I’m looking for Advice on structuring small but extensible data models Thoughts on designing a calm, accessible UI for daily logging Opinions on export formats and long‑term maintainability Examples of similar trackers or patterns I could learn from General “here’s how I’d approach this” insight below is the github repo for the HRT Journey Tracker Suite where the TrackMyHRT tool is located TrackMyHRT👈 I’m not looking for someone to rewrite the app — just some guidance from people who’ve built trackers, logging tools, or small desktop apps before. TrackMyHRT is meant to support people navigating hormone therapy in a private, offline, non‑judgmental way. No accounts, no cloud sync, no analytics — just a simple tool that helps people understand their own journey. I want to build this thoughtfully, but right now I’m too stuck in my head to see the next steps. If you have experience with python, PySide6, data modeling, UX for logging tools, or just strong opinions about app structure, I’d love to hear from you. Thanks for reading — and thanks in advance for any guidance. Top comments (2) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   EmberNoGlow EmberNoGlow EmberNoGlow Follow Just a dude, a mid-level on Godot / Python developer and Rust beginner Joined Nov 18, 2025 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Code refactoring is an underrated and essential part of the workflow . Never be afraid to change something in your code, even if it breaks. Even if you add something that doesn't work, you've still created something new, not just tried to tweak incomprehensible code. This is already a great achievement. It's better to have buggy, yet beautifully written, functionality than to have well-functioning, but poorly written, code that's difficult to extend. Clean code is easier to extend and fix. The data export format isn't the most important thing, in my opinion, whether it's written in JSON , YAML , or TXT . The most important thing is, again, ease of access to the data and good readability for checking for bugs and bottlenecks. It's better to use one format, but one that's well-supported. Looking for compatibility with previous versions (if the current version has changed significantly) can backfire in the future, as you'll still have to migrate to new structures, as supporting the old format limits your functionality. Clearly define your goals. Create a roadmap and development documents. Defining goals on the fly - "What if I add this small feature?" - is a bad idea, as the project can turn into a sandbox with a multitude of ideas that may be completely unrelated. Don't be afraid to use AI! In my experience, while developing my project , I used AI for everything from refactoring to adding features, and even my training ( you can read my post about this ). My project was constantly changing and breaking, then fixing, or even completely changing the architecture. Don't be afraid to experiment and refactor, as it's part of the process. Good luck! Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   codebunny20 codebunny20 codebunny20 Follow I'm a trans woman and after I started my transition I started learning python and other code languages and fell down the rabbit hole and now I'm hooked. Email xavierfields89@gmail.com Education high school Pronouns She/Her Work hopefully freelance some day Joined Jan 2, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you so much Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse codebunny20 Follow I'm a trans woman and after I started my transition I started learning python and other code languages and fell down the rabbit hole and now I'm hooked. Education high school Pronouns She/Her Work hopefully freelance some day Joined Jan 2, 2026 More from codebunny20 Building Voice Trainer: a tiny, local‑first pitch analysis tool for gender‑affirming voice practice # opensource # privacy # showdev # tooling 🌈 HRT Journey Tracker Suite # webdev # programming # python # opensource Looking for Collaborators & Feedback: Building a Free, Accessible HRT Journey Tracker for the Trans Community # programming # beginners # python # learning 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Forem © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/srikarsunchu/i-got-tired-of-waiting-for-gradle-so-i-built-a-runtime-that-runs-kotlin-like-python-10nl	I got tired of waiting for Gradle, so I built a runtime that runs Kotlin like Python. - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Srikar Sunchu Posted on Jan 13           I got tired of waiting for Gradle, so I built a runtime that runs Kotlin like Python. # kotlin # performance # productivity # tooling I hit ./gradlew run and alt-tab to Discord. By the time I tab back, it's still resolving dependencies. This is a script. It's 40 lines. So I helped build something that doesn't make me wait. Elide . What is Elide? Elide is a runtime. Like Node. Like Python. You install it, you run code. curl -sSL elide.sh \| bash Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode But here's the thing: it doesn't just run one language. elide run app.kt # Kotlin, no Gradle elide run server.ts # TypeScript, no build step elide run script.py # Python, faster than CPython Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode One binary. One toolchain. Multiple languages. Why this matters Most teams aren't single-language. You've got TypeScript on the frontend, Python for ML scripts, maybe Kotlin or Java somewhere in the backend. That's three runtimes, three package managers, three sets of problems. Elide is one runtime that speaks all of them. Install dependencies from npm and Maven in the same project. Run tests across languages with one command. No context switching. How it works Elide is built on GraalVM. The same compiler optimizes across languages-JavaScript, Python, Kotlin. No serialization when crossing language boundaries. All in one engine. What you can do today elide run — run code in any supported language elide test — run tests with built-in coverage elide install — fetch from npm or Maven elide serve — spin up a fast polyglot server Drop-in Gradle plugin for existing Java/Kotlin projects Try it Elide is in beta. curl -sSL elide.sh \| bash Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode We're on Discord if you want to talk, report bugs, or tell us what we're missing. Here's our Github - if you've read this far, leave us a star :) Top comments (1) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   Baasil Ali Baasil Ali Baasil Ali Follow Joined Jan 13, 2026 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide This is so sick! Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Srikar Sunchu Follow Design engineer at Elide, where we're making Kotlin run like Python. I write about dev tools, terminal UIs, and why your build is too slow. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Golf Forem Close Welcome to Golf Forem — part of the Forem network! Where hackers, sticks, weekend warriors, pros, architects and wannabes come together Create account Log in Home About Contact Other Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Twitter Facebook Github Instagram Twitch Mastodon Popular Tags #recommendations #golf #offtopic #lessons #memes #newgolfer #seniorgolf #introductions #roundrecap #walkvsride #coursestrategy #mentalgame #etiquette #rulesofgolf #juniorgolf #holeinone #milestones #meetups #formats #swingcritique #swingtips #shortgame #putting #handicaps #drills #golffitness #polls #selftaught #witb #womensgolf Golf Forem A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/kevburnsjr/websockets-vs-long-polling-3a0o	WebSockets vs Long Polling - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Kevin Burns Posted on Jul 22, 2021 • Edited on Aug 28, 2025           WebSockets vs Long Polling This article contrasts the operational complexity of WebSockets and Long Polling using real world examples to promote Long Polling as a simpler alternative to Websockets in systems where a half-duplex message channel will suffice. WebSockets A WebSocket is a long lived persistent TCP connection (often utilizing TLS) between a client and a server which provides a real-time full-duplex communication channel. These are often seen in chat applications and real-time dashboards. Long Polling Long Polling is a near-real-time data access pattern that predates WebSockets. A client initiates a TCP connection (usually an HTTP request) with a maximum duration (ie. 20 seconds). If the server has data to return, it returns the data immediately, usually in batch up to a specified limit. If not, the server pauses the request thread until data becomes available at which point it returns the data to the client. Analysis WebSockets are Full-Duplex meaning both the client and the server can send and receive messages across the channel. Long Polling is Half-Duplex meaning that a new request-response cycle is required each time the client wants to communicate something to the server. Long Polling usually produces slightly higher average latency and significantly higher latency variability compared to WebSockets. WebSockets do support compression, but usually per-message. Long Polling typically operates in batch which can significantly improve message compression efficiency. Scaling Up We’ll now contrast the systemic behavior of server-side scalability for applications using primarily WebSockets vs Long Polling. WebSockets Suppose we have 4 app servers in a scaling group with 10,000 connected clients. Now suppose we scale up the group by adding a new app server and wait for 60 seconds. We find that all of the existing clients are still connected to the original 4 app servers. The Load Balancer may be intelligent enough to route new connections to the new app server in order to balance the number of concurrent connections so that this effect will diminish over time. However, the amount of time required for this system to return to equilibrium is unknown and theoretically infinite. These effects could be mitigated by the application using a system to intelligently preempt web socket connections in response to changes in the scaling group's capacity but this would require the application to have special real-time knowledge about the state of its external environment which crosses a boundary that is typically best left uncrossed without ample justification. Long Polling Suppose we have the same 4 app servers in a scaling group with 10,000 connected clients using Long Polling. Now suppose we scale up the group by adding a new app server and wait for 60 seconds. We observe that the number of open connections has automatically rebalanced with no intervention. We can even state declaratively that if the long poll duration is set to 60 seconds or less, then any autoscaling group will automatically regain equilibrium within 60 seconds of any membership change. This trait can be reflected in the application’s Service Level Objectives. These numbers are important because they are used by operators to correctly tune the app’s autoscaling mechanisms. Analysis Service Level Objectives are an important aspect of system management since they ultimately serve as the contractual interface between dev and ops. If an application’s ability to return to equilibrium after scaling is unbounded, a change in application behavior is likely warranted. Scaling Down The following example illustrates difficulties encountered by a real world device management software company operating thousands of 24/7 concurrent WebSocket connections from thousands of data collection agents placed inside corporate networks. The System A Data Collection Agent, written in Go, is distributed as an executable binary that runs as a service on a customer's machine scanning local networks for SNMP devices and reporting SNMP data periodically to the application in the cloud. One key feature of the product was the ability for a customer to interact with any of their devices in real time from anywhere in the world using a single page web application hosted in the cloud. Because each agent resides on a customer network behind a firewall, the agents would need to initiate and maintain a WebSocket connection to the application in the cloud as a secure full-duplex tunnel. The web service sends commands to agents and agents send data to the web service all through a single persistent TCP connection. The Problem There was one big unexpected technical challenge faced by the team when deploying this system that made deployments risky. Whenever a new version of the app server was deployed to production, the system would be shocked by high impulse reconnect storms originating from the data collection agents. If a server has 2500 active connections and you take it out of service, those 2500 connections will be closed simultaneously and all the agents will reopen new connections simultaneously. This can overwhelm some systems, especially if the socket initialization code touches the database for anything important (ie. authorization). If an agent can’t establish a connection before the read deadline, it will retry the connection again which will drown the app servers even further, causing an unrecoverable negative feedback loop. This proclivity toward failure caused management to change their policies regarding deployments to reduce the number of deployments as much as possible to avoid disruption. The Solution The problem was partially solved by implementing strict exponential retry policies on their clients. This solution was effective enough at reducing the severity of retry storms on app deployment to be considered a good temporary solution. However, deployments were still infrequent by design and the high impulse load spikes weren’t gone, they just no longer produced undesirable secondary effects. Analysis This temporary solution is only possible in situations where the server has complete control over all of its clients. In many scenarios this may not be the case. If the agents were modeled to receive commands from the server by Long Poll and push data to the server through a normal API, the load would be evenly spread. If using a Long Poll architecture, the deployment system would replace a node by notifying the load balancer that the node is going out of service to ensure the node doesn’t receive any new connections, then wait 60 seconds for existing connections to drain in accordance with the service’s shutdown grace period SLO, then take the node offline with confidence. The resulting load increase on other nodes in the group would be gradual and roughly linear. When it comes to distributed systems and their scalability, people often focus on creating efficient systems. Efficiency is important but usually not as important as stability. High impulse events like reconnect storms can produce complex systemic effects. Left unattended, they often amplify the severity of similar effects in different parts of the system in ways that are both unexpected and difficult to predict. If you fail to solve enough of these types of problems, you may soon find yourself a situation where so many components are failing so simultaneously that it’s exceptionally difficult to discern the underlying cause(s) empirically from logs and dashboards. An application’s architecture must be designed primarily in accordance with principle and remain open to modification in response to statistical performance analysis. Conclusion WebSockets are appropriate for many applications which require consistent low latency full duplex high frequency communication such as chat applications. However, any WebSocket architecture that can be reduced to a half-duplex problem can probably be remodeled to use Long Polling to improve the application’s runtime performance variability, reducing operational complexity and promoting total systemic stability. Top comments (3) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   Rockie Yang Rockie Yang Rockie Yang Follow Start from user experience and working backward out technologies Work Knock Data Joined Oct 14, 2022 • Jan 12 '23 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thanks for great in depth explanation. Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Juro Oravec Juro Oravec Juro Oravec Follow Where software, biology and business meets. Location London, UK Work Software Engineer at BenevolentAI Joined Jul 13, 2020 • Jan 10 '24 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Very insightful write-up! Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Paul Pryor Paul Pryor Paul Pryor Follow Full Stack Web Application Developer Joined Mar 4, 2024 • Mar 5 '24 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Server Sent Events is another alternative similar to Web Sockets but is half duplex. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Kevin Burns Follow Professional Gopher Location Menlo Park, CA Joined Jul 23, 2017 More from Kevin Burns The Large Language Centipede # ai # ouroboros Skipfilter # go # bitmap # skiplist Data Constraints: From Imperative to Declarative # go # mongodb # architecture # database 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/t/architecture/page/4	Architecture Page 4 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Architecture Follow Hide The fundamental structures of a software system. Create Post Older #architecture posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Your LINQ Filters Are Scattered Everywhere — Here's How to Fix It Ahmad Al-Freihat Ahmad Al-Freihat Ahmad Al-Freihat Follow Jan 9 Your LINQ Filters Are Scattered Everywhere — Here's How to Fix It # dotnet # csharp # cleancode # architecture Comments Add Comment 9 min read How Modern Retail Platforms Sync POS, ERP, and eCommerce Using APIs M Antony M Antony M Antony Follow Jan 9 How Modern Retail Platforms Sync POS, ERP, and eCommerce Using APIs # retailtech # api # architecture # webdev Comments Add Comment 3 min read Separate Stack for separate Thread. Saiful Islam Saiful Islam Saiful Islam Follow Jan 10 Separate Stack for separate Thread. # webdev # operatingsystm # computerscience # architecture 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read EventBus Zaw Htut Win Zaw Htut Win Zaw Htut Win Follow Jan 9 EventBus # architecture # java # programming Comments Add Comment 1 min read Kubernetes Persistence Series Part 3: Controllers & Resilience — Why Kubernetes Self-Heals Vincent Du Vincent Du Vincent Du Follow Jan 11 Kubernetes Persistence Series Part 3: Controllers & Resilience — Why Kubernetes Self-Heals # kubernetes # devops # architecture # sre 8 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Pare de Construir "Big Balls of Mud": O Guia de Sobrevivência Cloud-Native Eduardo Rosa Eduardo Rosa Eduardo Rosa Follow Jan 9 Pare de Construir "Big Balls of Mud": O Guia de Sobrevivência Cloud-Native # architecture # cloudcomputing # microservices Comments Add Comment 5 min read Memory Layout: Heap vs Stack ali ehab algmass ali ehab algmass ali ehab algmass Follow Jan 9 Memory Layout: Heap vs Stack # computerscience # programming # architecture # learning Comments Add Comment 3 min read Governance Is Not “Aligned” — It Is Designed Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 10 Governance Is Not “Aligned” — It Is Designed # discuss # ai # architecture # design 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Principal Architect Mindset – Self-Questioning Guide Sekar Thangavel Sekar Thangavel Sekar Thangavel Follow Jan 9 Principal Architect Mindset – Self-Questioning Guide # architecture # career # performance # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read Designing Secure-by-Design Cloud Platforms for Regulated Industries Cygnet.One Cygnet.One Cygnet.One Follow Jan 10 Designing Secure-by-Design Cloud Platforms for Regulated Industries # architecture # cloud # security Comments Add Comment 8 min read The Mind Protocol: Why Your AI Agent Needs a World Before It Can Think Jung Sungwoo Jung Sungwoo Jung Sungwoo Follow Jan 9 The Mind Protocol: Why Your AI Agent Needs a World Before It Can Think # ai # architecture # typescript # agents Comments Add Comment 9 min read Tools Don’t Fix Broken Systems — Design Does Technmsrisai Technmsrisai Technmsrisai Follow Jan 9 Tools Don’t Fix Broken Systems — Design Does # systems # architecture # productivity # software Comments Add Comment 2 min read Try crash my app! I built a Link Shortener on the Edge. Can you help me crash it? (Live Dashboard) Elias Oliveira Elias Oliveira Elias Oliveira Follow Jan 9 Try crash my app! I built a Link Shortener on the Edge. Can you help me crash it? (Live Dashboard) # showdev # architecture # performance # testing Comments Add Comment 1 min read Real-Time is an SLA, Not an Architecture: When You Actually Need Kafka (And When You Don't) Vinicius Fagundes Vinicius Fagundes Vinicius Fagundes Follow Jan 11 Real-Time is an SLA, Not an Architecture: When You Actually Need Kafka (And When You Don't) # discuss # architecture # dataengineering # career 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 10 min read How Cloud-Native Architecture Enables Faster Innovation Cygnet.One Cygnet.One Cygnet.One Follow Jan 9 How Cloud-Native Architecture Enables Faster Innovation # architecture # cloud # devops Comments Add Comment 8 min read When client-side entity normalization actually becomes necessary in large React Native apps Vasyl Kostin Vasyl Kostin Vasyl Kostin Follow Jan 9 When client-side entity normalization actually becomes necessary in large React Native apps # architecture # react # reactnative Comments Add Comment 3 min read Hands-on: Building Your Monorepo with Lerna and Yarn Workspaces Werliton Silva Werliton Silva Werliton Silva Follow Jan 9 Hands-on: Building Your Monorepo with Lerna and Yarn Workspaces # architecture # javascript # tooling # tutorial 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Properly Deprecate API Endpoints in Laravel Bilal Haidar Bilal Haidar Bilal Haidar Follow Jan 9 How to Properly Deprecate API Endpoints in Laravel # php # laravel # architecture Comments Add Comment 5 min read How a Developer Built Eternal Contextual RAG and Achieved 85% Accuracy (from 60%) Thinker Thinker Thinker Follow Jan 9 How a Developer Built Eternal Contextual RAG and Achieved 85% Accuracy (from 60%) # ai # architecture # llm # rag Comments Add Comment 5 min read AI Orchestration: The Missing Layer Behind Reliable Agentic Systems Yeahia Sarker Yeahia Sarker Yeahia Sarker Follow Jan 9 AI Orchestration: The Missing Layer Behind Reliable Agentic Systems # agents # ai # architecture # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read Tailwind CSS Through the Lens of the Independent Variation Principle Yannick Loth Yannick Loth Yannick Loth Follow Jan 10 Tailwind CSS Through the Lens of the Independent Variation Principle # tailwindcss # independentvariation # css # architecture Comments Add Comment 9 min read Architecture Backwards: Engineering a Self-Defending System Before the UI Arrives Nemwel Boniface Nemwel Boniface Nemwel Boniface Follow Jan 9 Architecture Backwards: Engineering a Self-Defending System Before the UI Arrives # rails # architecture # observability # postgres Comments Add Comment 8 min read Stop Dumping Junk into Your Context Window: The Case for Multidimensional Knowledge Graphs Imran Siddique Imran Siddique Imran Siddique Follow Jan 9 Stop Dumping Junk into Your Context Window: The Case for Multidimensional Knowledge Graphs # architecture # llm # rag Comments Add Comment 4 min read 📘 Paywall SDK – Tài liệu sử dụng TỪ A Z (kèm JSON mẫu) ViO Tech ViO Tech ViO Tech Follow Jan 9 📘 Paywall SDK – Tài liệu sử dụng TỪ A Z (kèm JSON mẫu) # android # architecture # kotlin # tutorial Comments Add Comment 4 min read From GlusterFS to JuiceFS: Lightillusions Achieved 2.5x Faster 3D AIGC Data Processing DASWU DASWU DASWU Follow Jan 9 From GlusterFS to JuiceFS: Lightillusions Achieved 2.5x Faster 3D AIGC Data Processing # ai # architecture # opensource # performance Comments Add Comment 9 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/ibn_abubakre/append-vs-appendchild-a4m	append VS appendChild - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Abdulqudus Abubakre Posted on Apr 17, 2020           append VS appendChild # javascript # html This VS That (3 Part Series) 1 append VS appendChild 2 Spread VS Rest Operator 3 em VS rem This is the first post in the this vs that series. A series aimed at comparing two often confusing terms, methods, objects, definition or anything frontend related. append and appendChild are two popular methods used to add elements into the Document Object Model(DOM). They are often used interchangeably without much troubles, but if they are the same, then why not scrape one....Well they are only similar, but different. Here's how: .append() This method is used to add an element in form of a Node object or a DOMString (basically means text). Here's how that would work. // Inserting a Node object const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); const child = document . createElement ( ' p ' ); parent . append ( child ); // This appends the child element to the div element // The div would then look like this <div><p></p></div> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode // Inserting a DOMString const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); parent . append ( ' Appending Text ' ); // The div would then look like this <div>Appending Text</div> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode .appendChild() Similar to the .append method, this method is used to elements in the DOM, but in this case, only accepts a Node object. // Inserting a Node object const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); const child = document . createElement ( ' p ' ); parent . appendChild ( child ); // This appends the child element to the div element // The div would then look like this <div><p></p></div> Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode // Inserting a DOMString const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); parent . appendChild ( ' Appending Text ' ); // Uncaught TypeError: Failed to execute 'appendChild' on 'Node': parameter 1 is not of type 'Node' Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Differences .append accepts Node objects and DOMStrings while .appendChild accepts only Node objects const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); const child = document . createElement ( ' p ' ); // Appending Node Objects parent . append ( child ) // Works fine parent . appendChild ( child ) // Works fine // Appending DOMStrings parent . append ( ' Hello world ' ) // Works fine parent . appendChild ( ' Hello world ' ) // Throws error .append does not have a return value while .appendChild returns the appended Node object const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); const child = document . createElement ( ' p ' ); const appendValue = parent . append ( child ); console . log ( appendValue ) // undefined const appendChildValue = parent . appendChild ( child ); console . log ( appendChildValue ) // <p><p> .append allows you to add multiple items while appendChild allows only a single item const parent = document . createElement ( ' div ' ); const child = document . createElement ( ' p ' ); const childTwo = document . createElement ( ' p ' ); parent . append ( child , childTwo , ' Hello world ' ); // Works fine parent . appendChild ( child , childTwo , ' Hello world ' ); // Works fine, but adds the first element and ignores the rest Conclusion In cases where you can use .appendChild , you can use .append but not vice versa. That's all for now, if there are any terms that you need me to shed more light on, you can add them in the comments section or you can reach me on twitter This VS That (3 Part Series) 1 append VS appendChild 2 Spread VS Rest Operator 3 em VS rem Top comments (26) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   Ronak Jethwa Ronak Jethwa Ronak Jethwa Follow To code, or not to code Email ronakjethwa@gmail.com Location boston / seattle Education Computer Science Work Front End Engineer Joined May 6, 2020 • May 24 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Nice one! Few more suggestions for the continuation of the series! 1. Call vs Apply 2. Prototype vs __proto__ 3. Map vs Set 4. .forEach vs .map on Arrays 5. for...of vs for...in Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Like comment: Like comment: 12  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Abdulqudus Abubakre Abdulqudus Abubakre Abdulqudus Abubakre Follow Front end developer, JavaScript enthusiast, Community Builder Location Abuja, Nigeria Joined Jan 3, 2020 • May 24 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Sure, will do that. Thanks Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ronak Jethwa Ronak Jethwa Ronak Jethwa Follow To code, or not to code Email ronakjethwa@gmail.com Location boston / seattle Education Computer Science Work Front End Engineer Joined May 6, 2020 • May 24 '20 • Edited on May 24 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide happy to contribute by writing one if you need :) Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Rashid Enahora Rashid Enahora Rashid Enahora Follow Joined May 25, 2023 • Oct 20 '24 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you sir!!! That was very clear and concise!!! Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Tulsi Prasad Tulsi Prasad Tulsi Prasad Follow Making software and writing about it. Email tulsi.prasad50@gmail.com Location Bhubaneswar, India Education Undergrad in Information Technology Joined Oct 12, 2019 • Apr 18 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Very consice and clear explanation, thanks! Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Abdulqudus Abubakre Abdulqudus Abubakre Abdulqudus Abubakre Follow Front end developer, JavaScript enthusiast, Community Builder Location Abuja, Nigeria Joined Jan 3, 2020 • Apr 18 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Glad I could help Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Pacharapol Withayasakpunt Pacharapol Withayasakpunt Pacharapol Withayasakpunt Follow Currently interested in TypeScript, Vue, Kotlin and Python. Looking forward to learning DevOps, though. Location Thailand Education Yes Joined Oct 30, 2019 • Apr 18 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It would be nice if you also compare the speed / efficiency. Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Frupreneur Frupreneur Frupreneur Follow Joined Jan 10, 2020 • Apr 3 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide "In cases where you can use .appendChild, you can use .append but not vice versa." well if you do need that return value, appendChild does the job while .append doesnt Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ryan Zayne Ryan Zayne Ryan Zayne Follow Joined Oct 5, 2022 • Jul 21 '24 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Would anyone ever need that return value tho? Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Mao Mao Mao Follow Joined Oct 6, 2023 • Jan 27 '25 • Edited on Jan 27 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide There's a lot of instances where you need the return value, if you need to reference it for a webapp / keep it somewhere / change its properties Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aliyu Abubakar Aliyu Abubakar Aliyu Abubakar Follow Developer Advocate, Sendchamp. Location Nigeria Work Developer Advocate Joined Mar 15, 2020 • Apr 18 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide This is straightforward Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Abdulqudus Abubakre Abdulqudus Abubakre Abdulqudus Abubakre Follow Front end developer, JavaScript enthusiast, Community Builder Location Abuja, Nigeria Joined Jan 3, 2020 • Apr 18 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thanks man Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   mmestiyak mmestiyak mmestiyak Follow Front end dev, most of the time busy playing with JavaScript, ReactJS, NextJS, ReactNative Location Dhaka, Bangladesh Work Front End Developer at JoulesLabs Joined Aug 2, 2019 • Oct 18 '20 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thanks man! Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Kelsie Paige Kelsie Paige Kelsie Paige Follow I'm a frontend developer with a passion for design. Education Skillcrush & 100Devs Work Freelance Joined Mar 28, 2023 • Jul 6 '23 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Here’s the light bulb moment I’ve been looking for. You nailed it in such a clean and concise way that I could understand as I read and didn’t have to reread x10 just to sort of get the concept. That’s gold! Like comment: Like comment: Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Abdelrahman Hassan Abdelrahman Hassan Abdelrahman Hassan Follow Front end developer Location Egypt Education Ain shams university Work Front end developer at Companies Joined Dec 13, 2019 • Jan 23 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Excellent explanation Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ali-alterawi Ali-alterawi Ali-alterawi Follow junior developer Joined Apr 20, 2023 • Apr 20 '23 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide thank you Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (26 comments) Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Abdulqudus Abubakre Follow Front end developer, JavaScript enthusiast, Community Builder Location Abuja, Nigeria Joined Jan 3, 2020 More from Abdulqudus Abubakre Using aria-labelledby for accessible names # webdev # a11y # html Automated Testing with jest-axe # a11y # testing # webdev # javascript Understanding Accessible Names in HTML # webdev # a11y # html 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Forem © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/missamarakay/following-cooking-recipes-makes-you-a-clearer-writer-460a	Following Cooking Recipes Makes You a Clearer Writer - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Amara Graham Posted on Jul 17, 2019           Following Cooking Recipes Makes You a Clearer Writer # devrel # documentation I'm really into cooking, baking, pickling, really anything that will end in me eating something delicious. But I didn't find it enjoyable or "get good" at cooking overnight. My parents cooked most of our meals and if you planned on eating said meal, you were required to provide some amount of assistance, regardless of your blood relation to the family. After graduating out of dorm life I realized I needed to feed myself or starve, so I started getting bolder with my kitchen experiments and I'm pleased to say I'm still alive. "Ok Amara, but where is the tech components of this blog?" Hold on, I'm setting up the metaphor. "Ok fine." In the Kitchen If you stand in a kitchen and watch my dad cook - he reads a recipe, studies it, then goes through and pulls out all the things he needs to make it happen. For banana bread he usually has to pull the frozen bananas out early to thaw them enough to peel them, he portions out the spices so he can toss them in while mixing, he sprays the loaf pan before the mixture is together. If you watched me in my first apartment attempting banana bread for the first time, you would have seen someone who barely read the recipe (I've made this before, with supervision, and watched my dad make it for years, how hard can it be?) and did exactly every step of the instruction in series. Pull frozen bananas out of the freezer, immediately realize you can't peel a banana when its extra frozen, wait just long enough you can pry the peel off, smash the mostly still frozen bananas, slowly add each spice one at a time, measuring as you go, mix everything together, spray the pan, realize the oven isn't on, wait to pre-heat, blah blah blah, why did this take double the prep time? My dad has always taken the methodical approach to everything, he's a chemist and he loves math. I'm impatient and can't spend even 30 seconds idle when I know I need to complete a task, so I pretty much have the attention span of a Border Collie (have you seen those dogs stare at a ball, full body shaking with excitement?). At My Desk I'm sure you'll be shocked to hear when I sit down to learn some kind of new tech, I barely skim the tutorial or docs, immediately start the "doing", and often end up frustrated and annoyed with the experience. In some cases I tell myself things like "oh I've used an API like this before, I can just make it work" and 3 days later I'm banging my head on the keyboard. "Amara, just slow down and actually read the tutorial." Easier said than done. Not just for me personally, but for any dev, and that includes your dev coworkers, customers, community, etc. Time is precious, workplaces are more agile than ever, and people pay money for other people to stand in line for them. In My Brain Now recipes, just like tutorials, can be poorly written, but even the good ones can suffer from poor execution as I rambled on above. There are 5 things I learned from getting better at following cooking recipes that I think apply to written technical content. Ambiguous Terms Jargon Chunking Brevity Audience Let's take a look at each one. Ambiguous Terms Have you ever read a recipe, seen the word "mix" and go... with a spoon? A stand mixer? How long? Or how about "hand mix"? Did you know that a 'Hand Mixer' is an appliance and not the things at the end of your arms? Because a few years ago when we first started dating, my now husband did not. In tech, we love using the same term for a number of different things. Or we have a number of different words for the same thing. Really friendly to beginners right? Something like "Run this" might make sense to you, the engineer who built it, because its probably never crossed your mind that you run it globally and not in a particular directory (or vice versa) but that can be one of the most irritating things for a dev struggling with the worry of doing something wrong and/or irreversible. Be explicit in your use of terms and maybe consider a glossary of terms relevant to your project/product/industry/company. What does this mean in this context, right here, right now? Don't leave your reading punching out to search for answers. Jargon Every talk I've given on AI to beginners has included a disclaimer about not only ambiguous terminology but jargon. 'Fine-tuning' is not super intuitive, neither is 'hyperparameter'. 'Fold in' or 'soft peaks' in cooking is right up there too. Mastering the jargon can disrupt retention of fundamental topics. Explaining these terms early in docs and tutorials is crucial. You should not assume knowledge of jargon, so this is another +1 for a glossary. Chunking I am a huge fan of multi-part tutorials and how-to series, so long as they are done right. At the end of each part in a series, you should have a small complete something. Developers may not have time to sit down and do a 3-6 hour tutorial, but they should be able to get 20 minutes to an hour of uninterrupted time. You don't want to tackle a slow cooker recipe at 5pm expecting to eat it for dinner, but you may want to brown some meat so it is ready to toss in the next morning. If I have 20 minutes today to set myself up for success later today or tomorrow, I need to know I can get it done in the allocated time. And I need to feel like I can pick it up again without rereading the entire thing. Brevity Unlike this blog which is probably way too long for most of you, the more concise your written technical content the easier its going to be to follow. It's part of what makes the Tasty videos so appealing to watch - someone makes a sped up, top-down recipe that feels fast and easy even if its neither. This doesn't mean you can't write an introduction or a conclusion that goes more in depth about the content, but when you get to the meat of the docs or tutorial it should be a lean, mean, executing machine. Food bloggers are great at this, they may give you step-by-step pictures and commentary, but they almost always include the recipe separately. So feel free to tell me how you are going to save the world with this tutorial, but keep it out of the exact steps I'm following so I don't get overwhelmed. Audience This is maybe the most important, although I could argue that they all are. Knowing your developer audience is extremely important in technical writing. This helps you make decisions about what languages and references to use, what their workstation may look like, and maybe even things like their attention span. If your audience is students, whether they will admit it or not, they tend to have WAY more time to sit down and really study a tutorial. Or maybe they are participating in a hackathon and it just needs to work as fast as possible. But maybe your audience is enterprise developers, like mine often is. This means it has to be production-ready, maintainable, and even trainable across teams. Your maintenance team may be entirely separate from your product engineering team, so the content they follow may need to be different. Knowing or identifying your audience can be challenging, but this is a great opportunity for your devrel team to really shine. Celebrate Those Incremental Improvements Like I mentioned earlier, I didn't wake up one day and realize if I actually read the recipe, prepped ahead of time, and researched how to do certain kitchen techniques (again, ahead of time), I could maximize my time in the kitchen and feel less overwhelmed. In fact, I'm probably 50:50 in my ability to prep and run in parallel or haphazardly skim in series today. But snaps for me because this week I measured everything out before I started cooking! I'm sure you could make an argument that my dad is a 'senior' in the kitchen and I'm not (but I'm also not junior either), but he'd prefer you only use 'senior' when used in conjunction with "senior discount" at this point in his life. Let's say 'seasoned'. Whether you are a junior or senior dev, you still need the content you are consuming to prepare you for success. But with more and more folks using services like Blue Apron, Hello Fresh, Home Chef, arguably boxed Bootcamp experiences for the kitchen, we have a new generation of folks training themselves how to follow recipes and we can translate that experience into the tech world, allowing for more confident, empowered folks in the kitchen and at the keyboard. So instead of shouting "read the docs" or "follow the tutorial" make sure your content is as consumable and delicious as a home cooked meal. Top comments (5) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   Jason C. McDonald Jason C. McDonald Jason C. McDonald Follow Author. Speaker. Time Lord. (Views are my own) Email codemouse92@outlook.com Location Time Vortex Pronouns he/him Work Author of "Dead Simple Python" (No Starch Press) Joined Jan 31, 2017 • Aug 5 '19 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Excellent write up! I'm actually going to include this on the #beginners tag wiki for authors to read. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   JeffD JeffD JeffD Follow Code-quality 🩺 Teamwork 🐝 & everything that can simplify the developper's life 🗂️. Location France Joined Oct 16, 2017 • Sep 16 '19 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide This post is a must-read ! It's perfect 🏆 ("Hold on, I'm setting up the metaphor." 🤣) Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Alvarez García Alvarez García Alvarez García Follow After more than 10 years backending, now trying to make this CSS properties work. Location Buenos Aires, Argentina Work FullStack Joined Apr 24, 2019 • Jul 25 '19 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide DevRel in construction here, thanks for this really simple and enjoyable post. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Amara Graham Amara Graham Amara Graham Follow Enabling developers Location Austin, TX Education BS Computer Science from Trinity University Work Developer Advocate at Kestra Joined Jan 4, 2017 • Jul 25 '19 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you! :) Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Shashamura1 Shashamura1 Shashamura1 Follow Hi everyone my name is daniel.gentle loving caring I’am a type of person that always optimistic in every thing that I doing im very couriours and ambitious to lean I’m very new in this site Email ashogbondaniel292@gmail.com Location USA Education Technical college Work CEO at mylocallatest ...https://mylocallatest512644105.wordpress.com Joined Sep 12, 2022 • Oct 8 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Nice post I can use it to learn as project in dev.com ..to share the interest story of cooking Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? 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Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Amara Graham Follow Enabling developers Location Austin, TX Education BS Computer Science from Trinity University Work Developer Advocate at Kestra Joined Jan 4, 2017 More from Amara Graham Moving Config Docs From YAML to Markdown # documentation # yaml # markdown Moving DevEx from DevRel to Engineering # devrel # devex # engineering # reorg Bing Webmaster Tools De-indexed My Docs Site and Increased My Cognitive Load # webdev # seo # documentation 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Artificial Intelligence Follow Hide Artificial intelligence leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities found in humans and in nature. Create Post submission guidelines Posts about artificial intelligence. Older #ai posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu How to use AI to Increase Organic Traffic to a Shopify Store Alex Alex Alex Follow Jan 12 How to use AI to Increase Organic Traffic to a Shopify Store # shopify # ecommerce # ai # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read perceptron - day 01 of dl Mahraib Fatima Mahraib Fatima Mahraib Fatima Follow Jan 12 perceptron - day 01 of dl # ai # beginners # deeplearning # machinelearning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Smart Coding vs Vibe Coding: Engineering Discipline in the Age of AI Andrey Kolkov Andrey Kolkov Andrey Kolkov Follow Jan 12 Smart Coding vs Vibe Coding: Engineering Discipline in the Age of AI # programming # ai # productivity # architecture 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 15 min read 01670-309-328 vs +8801670309328: How We Solved a Western Consulting Firm's Phone Number Nightmare FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN Follow Jan 13 01670-309-328 vs +8801670309328: How We Solved a Western Consulting Firm's Phone Number Nightmare # discuss # ai # runnerhchallenge # promptengineering Comments Add Comment 3 min read 2D Spatial Recognition with Local LLM: Comparing Prompt Strategies toydev toydev toydev Follow Jan 12 2D Spatial Recognition with Local LLM: Comparing Prompt Strategies # llm # ai # promptengineering # langchain Comments Add Comment 5 min read I let four AI code reviewers fight over my PRs Adam Poulemanos Adam Poulemanos Adam Poulemanos Follow Jan 12 I let four AI code reviewers fight over my PRs # ai # vibecoding # coding # githubcopilot Comments Add Comment 6 min read dots-ocr: Open-Source OCR Outperforms Giants for Multilingual Automation Dr Hernani Costa Dr Hernani Costa Dr Hernani Costa Follow Jan 12 dots-ocr: Open-Source OCR Outperforms Giants for Multilingual Automation # ai # automation # machinelearning # productivity Comments Add Comment 4 min read AI in Assistive Technologies for People with Visual Impairments Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Follow Jan 12 AI in Assistive Technologies for People with Visual Impairments # discuss # a11y # ai # news 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Transcribe and Detect Intent Using Deepgram for STT: A Developer's Journey CallStack Tech CallStack Tech CallStack Tech Follow Jan 12 How to Transcribe and Detect Intent Using Deepgram for STT: A Developer's Journey # ai # voicetech # machinelearning # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 11 min read Building GeoAI Models: From Spatial Data to Actionable Insights Koushik Vishal Annamalai Koushik Vishal Annamalai Koushik Vishal Annamalai Follow Jan 12 Building GeoAI Models: From Spatial Data to Actionable Insights # ai # machinelearning # python # gis Comments Add Comment 5 min read Run `gh` Command in Claude Code on the Web Oikon Oikon Oikon Follow Jan 12 Run `gh` Command in Claude Code on the Web # claudecode # claude # ai # coding Comments Add Comment 4 min read Why LLMs Are Bad at "First Try" and Great at Verification Shinsuke KAGAWA Shinsuke KAGAWA Shinsuke KAGAWA Follow Jan 12 Why LLMs Are Bad at "First Try" and Great at Verification # ai # llm # softwareengineering # promptengineering Comments Add Comment 6 min read From Web to Desktop: Building CodeForge Portable with WebView2 Francesco Marconi Francesco Marconi Francesco Marconi Follow Jan 12 From Web to Desktop: Building CodeForge Portable with WebView2 # webview2 # architecture # wpf # ai 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read When Tests Keep Passing, but Design Stops Moving Felix Asher Felix Asher Felix Asher Follow Jan 12 When Tests Keep Passing, but Design Stops Moving # tdd # ai # testing # softwareengineering Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Great Tune-Out: Why AI’s Perfect Illusions Might Save Us from Social Media Meg Rehn Meg Rehn Meg Rehn Follow Jan 13 The Great Tune-Out: Why AI’s Perfect Illusions Might Save Us from Social Media # discuss # ai # ethics # watercooler Comments Add Comment 4 min read Your AI Bills Tripled Last Month. Here's Why (And How to Fix It) Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Follow Jan 12 Your AI Bills Tripled Last Month. Here's Why (And How to Fix It) # programming # ai # devops # software 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 5 min read Agentic Coding Tools Are Accelerating Output, Not Velocity Signadot Signadot Signadot Follow Jan 12 Agentic Coding Tools Are Accelerating Output, Not Velocity # ai # devops # kubernetes # productivity Comments Add Comment 5 min read learning complex coding Masood Ahmad Masood Ahmad Masood Ahmad Follow Jan 13 learning complex coding # programming # webdev # ai # beginners Comments Add Comment 1 min read From Writing Code to Teaching AI: The Rise of the AI-Assisted Developer Amit Shrivastava Amit Shrivastava Amit Shrivastava Follow Jan 12 From Writing Code to Teaching AI: The Rise of the AI-Assisted Developer # ai # aiinpractice # career # softwareengineering Comments Add Comment 3 min read Claude-Gemini Integration Tool "CGMB" v1.1.0: Implementing Windows Support ryoto miyake ryoto miyake ryoto miyake Follow Jan 12 Claude-Gemini Integration Tool "CGMB" v1.1.0: Implementing Windows Support # ai # gemini # llm # tooling Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase Sathish Sathish Sathish Follow Jan 12 How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase # webdev # ai # buildinpublic # nextjs Comments Add Comment 1 min read Structural Logic in Prompt Engineering: Building an AI Grammar Teacher, Not Just a Checker FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN Follow Jan 12 Structural Logic in Prompt Engineering: Building an AI Grammar Teacher, Not Just a Checker # ai # promptengineering # nlp # automation Comments Add Comment 4 min read Contextual Inference with Generative AI: Turning Messy Notes into Professional Meeting Minutes FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN Follow Jan 12 Contextual Inference with Generative AI: Turning Messy Notes into Professional Meeting Minutes # ai # productivity # automation # promptengineering Comments Add Comment 4 min read I built a WASM execution firewall for AI agents — here’s why Xnfinite Xnfinite Xnfinite Follow Jan 10 I built a WASM execution firewall for AI agents — here’s why # discuss # typescript # rust # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read I built an AI tutor to learn GeoGuessr-style visual geography (not a solver) TunaDev TunaDev TunaDev Follow Jan 12 I built an AI tutor to learn GeoGuessr-style visual geography (not a solver) # showdev # ai # learning # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/loiconlyone/jai-galere-pendant-3-semaines-pour-monter-un-cluster-kubernetes-et-voila-ce-que-jai-appris-30l6	J'ai galéré pendant 3 semaines pour monter un cluster Kubernetes (et voilà ce que j'ai appris) - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse BeardDemon Posted on Jan 10 J'ai galéré pendant 3 semaines pour monter un cluster Kubernetes (et voilà ce que j'ai appris) # kubernetes # devops # learning Le contexte Bon, soyons honnêtes. Au début, j'avais un gros bordel de scripts bash éparpillés partout. Genre 5-6 fichiers avec des noms comme install-docker.sh , setup-k8s-FINAL-v3.sh (oui, le v3...). À chaque fois que je devais recréer mon infra, c'était 45 minutes de galère + 10 minutes à me demander pourquoi ça marchait pas. J'avais besoin de quelque chose de plus propre pour mon projet SAE e-commerce. Ce que je voulais vraiment Pas un truc de démo avec minikube. Non. Je voulais: 3 VMs qui tournent vraiment (1 master + 2 workers) Tout automatisé - je tape une commande et ça se déploie ArgoCD pour faire du GitOps (parce que push to deploy c'est quand même cool) Des logs centralisés (Loki + Grafana) Et surtout : pouvoir tout péter et tout recréer en 10 minutes L'architecture (spoiler: ça marche maintenant) ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ Mon PC (Debian) │ │ ┌──────────┐ ┌──────────┐ ┌─────────┐ │ │ Master │ │ Worker 1 │ │ Worker 2│ │ │ .56.10 │ │ .56.11 │ │ .56.12 │ │ └──────────┘ └──────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────────────────────────────────────┘ Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Chaque VM a 4Go de RAM et 4 CPUs. Oui, ça bouffe des ressources. Non, ça passe pas sur un laptop pourri. Comment c'est organisé J'ai tout mis dans un repo bien rangé (pour une fois): ansible-provisioning/ ├── Vagrantfile # Les 3 VMs ├── playbook.yml # Le chef d'orchestre ├── manifests/ # Mes applis K8s │ ├── apiclients/ │ ├── apicatalogue/ │ ├── databases/ │ └── ... (toutes mes APIs) └── roles/ # Les briques Ansible ├── docker/ ├── kubernetes/ ├── k8s-master/ └── argocd/ Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Chaque rôle fait UN truc. C'est ça qui a changé ma vie. Shell scripts → Ansible : pourquoi j'ai migré Avant (la galère) J'avais un script prepare-system.sh qui ressemblait à ça: #!/bin/bash swapoff -a sed -i '/swap/d' /etc/fstab modprobe br_netfilter # ... 50 lignes de commandes # Aucune gestion d'erreur # Si ça plante au milieu, bonne chance Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Le pire ? Si je relançais le script après un fail, tout pétait. Genre le sed essayait de supprimer une ligne qui existait plus. Classique. Après (je respire enfin) Maintenant j'ai un rôle Ansible system-prepare : - name : Virer le swap shell : swapoff -a ignore_errors : yes - name : Enlever le swap du fstab lineinfile : path : /etc/fstab regexp : ' .swap.' state : absent - name : Charger br_netfilter modprobe : name : br_netfilter state : present Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode La différence ? Je peux relancer 10 fois, ça fait pas de conneries C'est lisible par un humain Si ça plante, je sais exactement où Le Vagrantfile (ou comment lancer 3 VMs d'un coup) Vagrant . configure ( "2" ) do \| config \| config . vm . box = "debian/bullseye64" # Config libvirt (KVM/QEMU) config . vm . provider "libvirt" do \| libvirt \| libvirt . memory = 4096 libvirt . cpus = 4 libvirt . management_network_address = "192.168.56.0/24" end # NFS pour partager les manifests config . vm . synced_folder "." , "/vagrant" , type: "nfs" , nfs_version: 4 # Le master config . vm . define "vm-master" do \| vm \| vm . vm . network "private_network" , ip: "192.168.56.10" vm . vm . hostname = "master" end # Les 2 workers ( 1 .. 2 ). each do \| i \| config . vm . define "vm-slave- #{ i } " do \| vm \| vm . vm . network "private_network" , ip: "192.168.56.1 #{ i } " vm . vm . hostname = "slave- #{ i } " end end # Ansible se lance automatiquement config . vm . provision "ansible" do \| ansible \| ansible . playbook = "playbook.yml" ansible . groups = { "master" => [ "vm-master" ], "workers" => [ "vm-slave-1" , "vm-slave-2" ] } end end Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Un vagrant up et boom, tout se monte tout seul. Le playbook : l'ordre c'est important --- # 1. Tous les nœuds en même temps - name : Setup de base hosts : k8s_cluster roles : - system-prepare # Swap off, modules kernel - docker # Docker + containerd - kubernetes # kubelet, kubeadm, kubectl # 2. Le master d'abord - name : Init master hosts : master roles : - k8s-master # kubeadm init + Flannel # 3. Les workers ensuite, un par un - name : Join workers hosts : workers serial : 1 # IMPORTANT: un à la fois roles : - k8s-worker # 4. Les trucs bonus sur le master - name : Dashboard + ArgoCD + Monitoring hosts : master roles : - k8s-dashboard - argocd - logging - metrics-server Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Le serial: 1 c'est crucial. J'avais essayé sans, les deux workers essayaient de join en même temps et ça partait en cacahuète. Les rôles en détail Rôle: k8s-master (le chef d'orchestre) C'est lui qui initialise le cluster. Voici les parties importantes: - name : Init cluster k8s command : kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.56.10 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 when : not k8s_initialise.stat.exists - name : Copier config kubectl copy : src : /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf dest : /home/vagrant/.kube/config owner : vagrant group : vagrant - name : Installer Flannel (réseau pod) shell : \| kubectl apply -f https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel/releases/latest/download/kube-flannel.yml environment : KUBECONFIG : /home/vagrant/.kube/config - name : Générer commande join pour les workers copy : content : " kubeadm join 192.168.56.10:6443 --token {{ k8s_token.stdout }} --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:{{ k8s_ca_hash.stdout }}" dest : /vagrant/join.sh mode : ' 0755' - name : Créer fichier .master-ready copy : content : " Master initialized" dest : /vagrant/.master-ready Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Le fichier .master-ready c'est un flag pour dire aux workers "go, vous pouvez join maintenant". Rôle: k8s-worker (le suiveur patient) - name : Attendre que le fichier .master-ready existe wait_for : path : /vagrant/.master-ready timeout : 600 - name : Joindre le cluster shell : bash /vagrant/join.sh args : creates : /etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf register : join_result failed_when : - join_result.rc != 0 - " 'already exists in the cluster' not in join_result.stderr" - name : Attendre que le node soit Ready shell : \| for i in {1..60}; do STATUS=$(kubectl get node $(hostname) -o jsonpath='{.status.conditions[?(@.type=="Ready")].status}') if [ "$STATUS" = "True" ]; then exit 0 fi sleep 5 done exit 1 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Le worker attend gentiment que le master soit prêt avant de faire quoi que ce soit. Les galères que j'ai rencontrées Galère #1: NFS qui marche pas Au début, le partage NFS entre l'hôte et les VMs plantait. Symptôme: mount.nfs: Connection timed out Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Solution: # Sur l'hôte sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server sudo systemctl start nfs-server sudo ufw allow from 192.168.56.0/24 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Le firewall bloquait les connexions NFS. Classique. Galère #2: Kubeadm qui timeout Le kubeadm init prenait 10 minutes et finissait par timeout. Cause: Pas assez de RAM sur les VMs (j'avais mis 2Go). Solution: Passer à 4Go par VM. Ça bouffe mais c'est nécessaire. Galère #3: Les workers qui join pas Les workers restaient en NotReady même après le join. Cause: Flannel (le CNI) était pas encore installé sur le master. Solution: Attendre que Flannel soit complètement déployé avant de faire join les workers: - name : Attendre Flannel command : kubectl wait --for=condition=ready pod -l app=flannel -n kube-flannel --timeout=300s environment : KUBECONFIG : /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Galère #4: Ansible qui relance tout à chaque fois Au début, chaque vagrant provision refaisait TOUT depuis zéro. Solution: Ajouter des conditions when partout: - name : Init cluster k8s command : kubeadm init ... when : not k8s_initialise.stat.exists # ← Ça sauve des vies Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode L'idempotence c'est vraiment la base avec Ansible. Les commandes utiles au quotidien # Lancer tout cd ansible-provisioning && vagrant up # Vérifier l'état du cluster vagrant ssh vm-master -c 'kubectl get nodes' # Voir les pods vagrant ssh vm-master -c 'kubectl get pods -A' # Refaire le provisioning (sans détruire les VMs) vagrant provision # Tout péter et recommencer vagrant destroy -f && vagrant up # SSH sur le master vagrant ssh vm-master # Logs d'un pod vagrant ssh vm-master -c 'kubectl logs -n apps apicatalogue-xyz' Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode ArgoCD et les applications Une fois le cluster monté, ArgoCD déploie automatiquement mes apps. Voici comment je déclare l'API Catalogue: apiVersion : argoproj.io/v1alpha1 kind : Application metadata : name : catalogue-manager-application namespace : argocd spec : destination : namespace : apps server : https://kubernetes.default.svc source : path : ansible-provisioning/manifests/apicatalogue repoURL : https://github.com/uha-sae53/Vagrant.git targetRevision : main project : default syncPolicy : automated : prune : true selfHeal : true Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode ArgoCD surveille mon repo GitHub. Dès que je change un manifest, ça se déploie automatiquement. Metrics Server et HPA J'ai aussi ajouté le Metrics Server pour l'auto-scaling: - name : Installer Metrics Server shell : \| kubectl apply -f https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/metrics-server/releases/latest/download/components.yaml environment : KUBECONFIG : /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf - name : Patcher pour ignorer TLS (dev seulement) shell : \| kubectl patch deployment metrics-server -n kube-system --type='json' \ -p='[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/template/spec/containers/0/args/-", "value": "--kubelet-insecure-tls"}]' Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Avec ça, mes pods peuvent scaler automatiquement en fonction de la charge CPU/RAM. Le résultat final Après tout ça, voici ce que je peux faire: # Démarrer tout de zéro vagrant up # ⏱️ 8 minutes plus tard... # Vérifier que tout tourne vagrant ssh vm-master -c 'kubectl get pods -A' # Résultat: # NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS # apps apicatalogue-xyz 1/1 Running # apps apiclients-abc 1/1 Running # apps apicommandes-def 1/1 Running # apps api-panier-ghi 1/1 Running # apps frontend-jkl 1/1 Running # argocd argocd-server-xxx 1/1 Running # logging grafana-yyy 1/1 Running # logging loki-0 1/1 Running # kube-system metrics-server-zzz 1/1 Running Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Tout fonctionne, tout est automatisé. Conclusion Ce que j'ai appris: Ansible > scripts shell (vraiment, vraiment) L'idempotence c'est pas un luxe Tester chaque rôle séparément avant de tout brancher Les workers doivent attendre le master (le serial: 1 sauve des vies) 4Go de RAM minimum par VM pour K8s Le code complet est sur GitHub: https://github.com/uha-sae53/Vagrant Des questions ? Ping moi sur Twitter ou ouvre une issue sur le repo. Et si vous galérez avec Kubernetes, vous êtes pas seuls. J'ai passé 3 semaines là-dessus, c'est normal que ce soit compliqué au début. Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse BeardDemon Follow Nananère je suis très sérieux... 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Programming Follow Hide The magic behind computers. 💻 🪄 Create Post Older #programming posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Getting Started with Fortune Sheet in React: Building Your First Spreadsheet Michael Turner Michael Turner Michael Turner Follow Jan 12 Getting Started with Fortune Sheet in React: Building Your First Spreadsheet # react # webdev # programming # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read Admin-Only Dashboard Rule of Thumb Sospeter Mong'are Sospeter Mong'are Sospeter Mong'are Follow Jan 12 Admin-Only Dashboard Rule of Thumb # programming # beginners # datascience # database 1 reaction Comments 2 comments 3 min read Why Your Python Code Takes Hours Instead of Seconds (A 3-Line Fix) Samuel Ochaba Samuel Ochaba Samuel Ochaba Follow Jan 12 Why Your Python Code Takes Hours Instead of Seconds (A 3-Line Fix) # python # performance # beginners # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read Understanding custom auth flow and its implementation.. Sourav Mahato Sourav Mahato Sourav Mahato Follow Jan 12 Understanding custom auth flow and its implementation.. # webdev # programming # zod # authentication Comments Add Comment 1 min read Notifications Are Not Just Messages. They Are Memory Triggers. Surhid Amatya Surhid Amatya Surhid Amatya Follow Jan 12 Notifications Are Not Just Messages. They Are Memory Triggers. # webdev # programming # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read From Rusty to Release: How an Infinite Loop Taught Me to Respect React DevTools Beleke Ian Beleke Ian Beleke Ian Follow Jan 12 From Rusty to Release: How an Infinite Loop Taught Me to Respect React DevTools # react # webdev # beginners # programming 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Scrapy Log Files: Save, Rotate, and Organize Your Crawler Logs Muhammad Ikramullah Khan Muhammad Ikramullah Khan Muhammad Ikramullah Khan Follow Jan 12 Scrapy Log Files: Save, Rotate, and Organize Your Crawler Logs # webdev # programming # beginners # python Comments Add Comment 9 min read My first real project : Lemon chat Joseph Pascal Yao Joseph Pascal Yao Joseph Pascal Yao Follow Jan 12 My first real project : Lemon chat # programming # beginners # csharp # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read I Thought I Understood Python Functions — Until One Line Returned None Emmimal Alexander Emmimal Alexander Emmimal Alexander Follow Jan 12 I Thought I Understood Python Functions — Until One Line Returned None # python # programming # learning # beginners Comments Add Comment 3 min read From Copilot to Autonomous AI: The Evolution of AI-Assisted Programming Eva Clari Eva Clari Eva Clari Follow Jan 12 From Copilot to Autonomous AI: The Evolution of AI-Assisted Programming # programming # ai # coding # development Comments Add Comment 4 min read Best Python Web Scraping Libraries 2026 Rodrigo Bull Rodrigo Bull Rodrigo Bull Follow Jan 12 Best Python Web Scraping Libraries 2026 # webdev # python # webscraping # programming Comments Add Comment 7 min read Advanced Data Table Implementation with ka-table in React Michael Turner Michael Turner Michael Turner Follow Jan 12 Advanced Data Table Implementation with ka-table in React # react # webdev # programming # javascript Comments Add Comment 6 min read Why Version Control Exists: The Pen Drive Problem Anoop Rajoriya Anoop Rajoriya Anoop Rajoriya Follow Jan 12 Why Version Control Exists: The Pen Drive Problem # git # beginners # webdev # programming Comments Add Comment 3 min read Load Balancing Explained (Simple Guide for Beginners) Mourya Vamsi Modugula Mourya Vamsi Modugula Mourya Vamsi Modugula Follow Jan 12 Load Balancing Explained (Simple Guide for Beginners) # webdev # programming # systemdesign # beginners Comments Add Comment 3 min read What am I doing wrong? Soufiane Amt Soufiane Amt Soufiane Amt Follow Jan 12 What am I doing wrong? # career # webdev # careerdevelopment # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read Build a Hashtag Research Tool That Finds Hidden Gems Olamide Olaniyan Olamide Olaniyan Olamide Olaniyan Follow Jan 12 Build a Hashtag Research Tool That Finds Hidden Gems # webdev # programming # ai # tutorial Comments Add Comment 9 min read Java Variables Kesavarthini Kesavarthini Kesavarthini Follow Jan 12 Java Variables # java # beginners # learning # programming Comments Add Comment 1 min read DevOps Isn’t a Toolchain, It’s a Feedback Loop Shamim Ali Shamim Ali Shamim Ali Follow Jan 12 DevOps Isn’t a Toolchain, It’s a Feedback Loop # devops # programming # backend # distributedsystems Comments Add Comment 1 min read Here Are the 7 Best Resources to Master Docker Stack Overflowed Stack Overflowed Stack Overflowed Follow Jan 12 Here Are the 7 Best Resources to Master Docker # webdev # programming # docker # containers Comments Add Comment 4 min read Beyond Nested Queries: A Practical Guide to SQL Subquery Flattening SQLFlash SQLFlash SQLFlash Follow Jan 12 Beyond Nested Queries: A Practical Guide to SQL Subquery Flattening # sql # mysql # ai # programming Comments Add Comment 5 min read My Dashboard: как я превратил старые Android-устройства в кроссплатформенные дашборды с помощью AI и типобезопасного fullstack ILshat Khamitov ILshat Khamitov ILshat Khamitov Follow Jan 11 My Dashboard: как я превратил старые Android-устройства в кроссплатформенные дашборды с помощью AI и типобезопасного fullstack # webdev # javascript # programming # ai Comments Add Comment 1 min read Introducing Installerpedia - Install Anything With Zero Hassle Rijul Rajesh Rijul Rajesh Rijul Rajesh Follow Jan 11 Introducing Installerpedia - Install Anything With Zero Hassle # installation # developers # tools # programming 20 reactions Comments Add Comment 9 min read Self-Documenting Code vs. Comments: Lessons from Maintaining Large-Scale Codebases ThankGod Chibugwum Obobo ThankGod Chibugwum Obobo ThankGod Chibugwum Obobo Follow Jan 11 Self-Documenting Code vs. Comments: Lessons from Maintaining Large-Scale Codebases # webdev # softwaredevelopment # programming Comments Add Comment 3 min read Integrating HubSpot with Salesforce using Webhooks for Real-Time Data Synchronization CallStack Tech CallStack Tech CallStack Tech Follow Jan 12 Integrating HubSpot with Salesforce using Webhooks for Real-Time Data Synchronization # api # webdev # tutorial # programming 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 13 min read Getting Started with MUI X Data Grid in React: Building Your First Data Table Michael Turner Michael Turner Michael Turner Follow Jan 12 Getting Started with MUI X Data Grid in React: Building Your First Data Table # webdev # programming # javascript # beginners Comments Add Comment 6 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Web3 Follow Hide Web3 refers to the next generation of the internet that leverages blockchain technology to enable decentralized and trustless systems for financial transactions, data storage, and other applications. Create Post Older #web3 posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 208 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu DoraHacks Start-up Ideas 2026: Pt.1 Digital Finance in the Circle/Arc ecosystem DoraHacks DoraHacks DoraHacks Follow Jan 13 DoraHacks Start-up Ideas 2026: Pt.1 Digital Finance in the Circle/Arc ecosystem # cryptocurrency # startup # web3 Comments Add Comment 16 min read Observation State Made Simple Tensor Labs Tensor Labs Tensor Labs Follow Jan 13 Observation State Made Simple # algorithms # architecture # blockchain # web3 Comments Add Comment 3 min read Crafting a Stitch-Inspired Memecoin on Sui Jinali Pabasara Jinali Pabasara Jinali Pabasara Follow Jan 13 Crafting a Stitch-Inspired Memecoin on Sui # smartcontract # blockchain # web3 # programming Comments Add Comment 7 min read Solana Passkeys on the Web (No Extension Required) Fred Fred Fred Follow Jan 12 Solana Passkeys on the Web (No Extension Required) # react # security # tutorial # web3 Comments Add Comment 2 min read Smart Contracts on Midnight: Programming Visibility, Not Storage Henry Odinakachukwu Henry Odinakachukwu Henry Odinakachukwu Follow Jan 12 Smart Contracts on Midnight: Programming Visibility, Not Storage # architecture # blockchain # privacy # web3 Comments Add Comment 1 min read Enhancing Privacy with Stealth Addresses on Public Blockchains Jinali Pabasara Jinali Pabasara Jinali Pabasara Follow Jan 13 Enhancing Privacy with Stealth Addresses on Public Blockchains # blockchain # web3 # privacy 1 reaction Comments 3 comments 5 min read Ethereum-Solidity Quiz Q18: What type of modifiers are "view" and "pure"? MihaiHng MihaiHng MihaiHng Follow Jan 12 Ethereum-Solidity Quiz Q18: What type of modifiers are "view" and "pure"? # ethereum # web3 # solidity # blockchain 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read [Podcast] a16z Crypto's Latest Research: Four New Business Models at the Intersection of AI and Blockchain - Summary Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [Podcast] a16z Crypto's Latest Research: Four New Business Models at the Intersection of AI and Blockchain - Summary # ai # startup # web3 Comments Add Comment 2 min read Ethereum-Solidity Quiz Q17: What visibility modifiers does Solidity use? MihaiHng MihaiHng MihaiHng Follow Jan 10 Ethereum-Solidity Quiz Q17: What visibility modifiers does Solidity use? # ethereum # web3 # solidity # blockchain 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building Your First Game on Midnight: A Complete Developer Tutorial UtkarshVarma UtkarshVarma UtkarshVarma Follow Jan 9 Building Your First Game on Midnight: A Complete Developer Tutorial # beginners # gamedev # tutorial # web3 Comments Add Comment 13 min read BTC, ADA, and Cardano Hydra Heads as Paperless Digital Cash An Rodriguez An Rodriguez An Rodriguez Follow Jan 10 BTC, ADA, and Cardano Hydra Heads as Paperless Digital Cash # blockchain # cryptocurrency # web3 Comments Add Comment 8 min read Rust Series01 - Ownership is what you need to know Kevin Sheeran Kevin Sheeran Kevin Sheeran Follow Jan 10 Rust Series01 - Ownership is what you need to know # programming # rust # web3 # blockchain Comments Add Comment 1 min read Reading Contract State at a Past Block Using Wagmi obiwale ayomide obiwale ayomide obiwale ayomide Follow Jan 8 Reading Contract State at a Past Block Using Wagmi # ethereum # react # tutorial # web3 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read bitcoin-wallet-connector: One API to Connect All Bitcoin Wallets c4605 c4605 c4605 Follow Jan 6 bitcoin-wallet-connector: One API to Connect All Bitcoin Wallets # bitcoin # wallet # web3 # react Comments Add Comment 4 min read Account Abstraction Explained Akshith Anand Akshith Anand Akshith Anand Follow Jan 8 Account Abstraction Explained # webdev # blockchain # web3 # programming Comments Add Comment 5 min read How I Would Learn Web3 From Scratch Today (Without Wasting a Year) Emir Taner Emir Taner Emir Taner Follow Jan 12 How I Would Learn Web3 From Scratch Today (Without Wasting a Year) # web3 # beginners # devops # machinelearning 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Production-Ready Prediction Market Smart Contract in Solidity: Complete Guide with Foundry Sivaram Sivaram Sivaram Follow Jan 8 Building a Production-Ready Prediction Market Smart Contract in Solidity: Complete Guide with Foundry # solidity # ethereum # smartcontract # web3 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read Passkey Login & Smart Wallet Creation on Solana with React Native and LazorKit — No More Seed Phrases! Onwuka David Onwuka David Onwuka David Follow Jan 7 Passkey Login & Smart Wallet Creation on Solana with React Native and LazorKit — No More Seed Phrases! # reactnative # security # tutorial # web3 Comments Add Comment 9 min read Ethereum-Solidity Quiz Q16: What is impermanent loss? MihaiHng MihaiHng MihaiHng Follow Jan 7 Ethereum-Solidity Quiz Q16: What is impermanent loss? # ethereum # web3 # solidity # cyfrin 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Wallets Are the New Auth Layer Abdul-Qawi Laniyan Abdul-Qawi Laniyan Abdul-Qawi Laniyan Follow Jan 11 Wallets Are the New Auth Layer # webdev # programming # web3 # authjs 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Ethereum UX: Account Abstraction (AA) Akim B. (mousticke.eth) Akim B. (mousticke.eth) Akim B. (mousticke.eth) Follow Jan 7 Ethereum UX: Account Abstraction (AA) # web3 # blockchain # ethereum # cryptocurrency Comments Add Comment 7 min read Tutorial: Understanding the "Proof of HODL" Consensus Mechanism georgina georgina georgina Follow Jan 6 Tutorial: Understanding the "Proof of HODL" Consensus Mechanism # cryptocurrency # blockchain # web3 # nft Comments Add Comment 2 min read Tutorial: Bridging Fiat and Crypto in Your dApp with On-Chain IBANs jack jack jack Follow Jan 6 Tutorial: Bridging Fiat and Crypto in Your dApp with On-Chain IBANs # bitcoin # web3 # cryptocurrency # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read Tutorial: How to Become a GPU Provider on a Decentralized Compute Network Peter Peter Peter Follow Jan 6 Tutorial: How to Become a GPU Provider on a Decentralized Compute Network # web3 # cryptocurrency # blockchain # nft Comments Add Comment 2 min read Tutorial: Rethinking dApp Onboarding with Account Abstraction Pierce Pierce Pierce Follow Jan 6 Tutorial: Rethinking dApp Onboarding with Account Abstraction # cryptocurrency # blockchain # web3 # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Exploring XRP in DeFi and What It Teaches Us When Telegram Cocoon Goes Live: The Future of the AI Internet Gasless Transactions on Solana Building a Production-Ready Prediction Market Smart Contract in Solidity: Complete Guide with Fou... Surviving pnpm + React Native: How I Finally Stopped Metro from Screaming About `@babel/runtime` My first flash loan protocol: A Solana adventure Build a CLMM on Solana Building a Simple Crypto Trading Bot in Python & Node.js CrewAI e Crawl4AI: Revolucionando a Automação com Inteligência Artificial 10 AI Agents Powering Million-Dollar Businesses in 2026 An Overview of EIP-3009: Transfer With Authorisation From Request to Revenue with the New x402 Protocol Smart Contracts on XRPL's AlphaNet x402: Internet-Native Payments for the Modern Web Embedded wallets 101: a practical guide to digital wallet types for builders Kohaku: A Practical Privacy Framework for Ethereum Wallets Prompt Optimization: How to Write Prompts That Produce Predictable, Reliable Outputs Building a Gasless Marketplace on Polygon with x402 Protocol The Future of Private Networking: Top Self-Hosted VPN Tools in 2025 Smart Escrow Series #3: Security 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — Your community HQ Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Security Follow Hide Hopefully not just an afterthought! Create Post submission guidelines Write as you are pleased, be mindful and keep it civil. Older #security posts 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Zero-Trust in Internal Microservices: Service Security with an API Gateway Nurettin Topal Nurettin Topal Nurettin Topal Follow Jan 5 Zero-Trust in Internal Microservices: Service Security with an API Gateway # apigateway # security # microservices # apisecurity 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read The MCP Revolution: How One Protocol Solved AI's Biggest Integration Problem (Part 1 of 2) Amrendra Vimal Amrendra Vimal Amrendra Vimal Follow Jan 5 The MCP Revolution: How One Protocol Solved AI's Biggest Integration Problem (Part 1 of 2) # ai # mcp # security # architecture 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 5 min read Under the Hood: How Two-Gate Enforcement Works L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 Under the Hood: How Two-Gate Enforcement Works # architecture # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read Multisig vs Policy Layers: Which Approach Secures AI Agents Better? L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 Multisig vs Policy Layers: Which Approach Secures AI Agents Better? # architecture # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read How To build the secret chat app using MLS and ChatE2EE samurai-techlead samurai-techlead samurai-techlead Follow Jan 6 How To build the secret chat app using MLS and ChatE2EE # mls # e2ee # webassembly # security 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 2 min read Laravel Face Recognition and Authentication Pius oruko Pius oruko Pius oruko Follow Jan 6 Laravel Face Recognition and Authentication # webdev # laravel # php # security Comments Add Comment 6 min read Non-Custodial Security: Why We Don't Want Your Keys L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 Non-Custodial Security: Why We Don't Want Your Keys # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read What happens when you have 50+ production servers to patch — and zero room for mistakes? Feyisayo Lasisi Feyisayo Lasisi Feyisayo Lasisi Follow Jan 5 What happens when you have 50+ production servers to patch — and zero room for mistakes? # automation # devops # security # tooling Comments Add Comment 1 min read How Cloud Engineering Improves Scalability, Security, and Performance Cygnet.One Cygnet.One Cygnet.One Follow Jan 7 How Cloud Engineering Improves Scalability, Security, and Performance # architecture # cloud # performance # security Comments Add Comment 8 min read Week 4 SQL Injection Audit Challenge fosres fosres fosres Follow Jan 11 Week 4 SQL Injection Audit Challenge # security # python # tutorial # sql Comments Add Comment 27 min read A Critical Security Concern in Bagisto: Silent Admin Account Replacement & Deletion - Bagisto backdoor Bagisto dev Bagisto dev Bagisto dev Follow Jan 5 A Critical Security Concern in Bagisto: Silent Admin Account Replacement & Deletion - Bagisto backdoor # laravel # php # security Comments 1 comment 3 min read Home Assistant Fernzugriff: Sicher & Kostenlos via Cloudflare Tunnel (Kein Port-Forwarding!) Tim Alex Tim Alex Tim Alex Follow Jan 5 Home Assistant Fernzugriff: Sicher & Kostenlos via Cloudflare Tunnel (Kein Port-Forwarding!) # homeassistant # iot # tutorial # security Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why distributing software securely is harder than it looks Thomas Schmitz Thomas Schmitz Thomas Schmitz Follow Jan 5 Why distributing software securely is harder than it looks # devops # security # selfhosted # api Comments Add Comment 4 min read Why MLOps Needs Blockchain for True Data Integrity Krunal Bhimani Krunal Bhimani Krunal Bhimani Follow Jan 5 Why MLOps Needs Blockchain for True Data Integrity # machinelearning # blockchain # devops # security 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to Successfully Remove a Password from a PST File Without Data Loss? Brant anson Brant anson Brant anson Follow Jan 6 How to Successfully Remove a Password from a PST File Without Data Loss? # help # microsoft # security Comments 2 comments 1 min read SQL INJECTION Rodrino Adolfo Kupessala Rodrino Adolfo Kupessala Rodrino Adolfo Kupessala Follow Jan 11 SQL INJECTION # beginners # sql # security # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read AWS IAM Security: A Practical Guide That Actually Works in Production Muhammad Yawar Malik Muhammad Yawar Malik Muhammad Yawar Malik Follow Jan 10 AWS IAM Security: A Practical Guide That Actually Works in Production # aws # security # cloud # iam 4 reactions Comments 1 comment 5 min read Will AI Ever Be Good Enough to Not Need Spending Limits? L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 Will AI Ever Be Good Enough to Not Need Spending Limits? # security # opinion Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Binary Permissions Problem: Why Traditional Wallets Fail AI Agents L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 The Binary Permissions Problem: Why Traditional Wallets Fail AI Agents # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read Why Prompt Engineering is NOT Security: The Case for Policy Engines L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 Why Prompt Engineering is NOT Security: The Case for Policy Engines # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Anatomy of a Wallet Drain: How One Logic Loop Cost $100k L_X_1 L_X_1 L_X_1 Follow Jan 5 The Anatomy of a Wallet Drain: How One Logic Loop Cost $100k # security # casestudy Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Labors of Heracles as Risk Management for SMBs Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Follow Jan 6 The Labors of Heracles as Risk Management for SMBs # security # riskmanagement # smb # python Comments Add Comment 3 min read Cuando la gobernanza depende del sistema, deja de ser gobernanza Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 7 Cuando la gobernanza depende del sistema, deja de ser gobernanza # ai # architecture # security # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read Lab 01: Where It All Begins — Static Analysis of 4 Malware Samples Ramadhan Adam Ramadhan Adam Ramadhan Adam Follow Jan 6 Lab 01: Where It All Begins — Static Analysis of 4 Malware Samples # cybersecurity # tutorial # security # malware Comments Add Comment 9 min read Cybersecurity Predictions for 2026 GuardingPearSoftware GuardingPearSoftware GuardingPearSoftware Follow Jan 5 Cybersecurity Predictions for 2026 # ai # cybersecurity # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://hmpljs.forem.com/t/javascript	JavaScript - HMPL.js Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account HMPL.js Forem Close JavaScript Follow Hide Once relegated to the browser as one of the 3 core technologies of the web, JavaScript can now be found almost anywhere you find code. JavaScript developers move fast and push software development forward; they can be as opinionated as the frameworks they use, so let's keep it clean here and make it a place to learn from each other! Create Post submission guidelines Client-side, server-side, it doesn't matter. This tag should be used for anything JavaScript focused. If the topic is about a JavaScript framework or library , just remember to include the framework's tag as well. about #javascript How should the tag be written? All lower-case letters for the tag: javascript . Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu We're launching on ProductHunt Anthony Max Anthony Max Anthony Max Follow Dec 28 '25 We're launching on ProductHunt # news # javascript # showdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read Major module update! Anthony Max Anthony Max Anthony Max Follow for HMPL.js Nov 17 '25 Major module update! # webdev # javascript # programming # opensource 23 reactions Comments 2 comments 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Great news today: we've finally launched a section featuring community projects built with hmpl-j... Major module update! 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV HMPL.js Forem — For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . HMPL.js Forem © 2016 - 2026. Powerful templates, minimal JS Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/ben/meme-monday-2if1	Meme Monday - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Ben Halpern Posted on Jan 12           Meme Monday # jokes # watercooler # discuss Meme Monday! Today's cover image comes from last week's thread . DEV is an inclusive space! Humor in poor taste will be downvoted by mods. Top comments (18) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Education School Work Student Joined Jan 11, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Finally, a UI that doesn't make me check my phone for a code. This is the peak user experience we should all strive for. 10/10 security. Like comment: Like comment: 4  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide haha Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Today's AI comedy showdown based on the joke from the cover Gemini ChatGPT Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 • Edited on Jan 12 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide These are both complicated and not great but I think Gemini is a bit funnier here Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Reid Burton Reid Burton Reid Burton Follow I am an amateur programmer. I program in more languages than I care to remember. Location string Location = null; Education Homeschooled Pronouns He/Him Work Ceo of unemployment. Joined Nov 7, 2024 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Tru dat. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Best Codes Best Codes Best Codes Follow I love coding, 3D designing, and listening to music. I'm currently a fanatic about Rust, TypeScript, and Next.js. Christian, Coder, Creator Email bestcodes.official+devto@gmail.com Location Earth Education Self-taught Work Freelance Programmer \| Fullstack Dev Joined Oct 24, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It's hard to tell which one is “funnier” because they're both so bad 💀 Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   heckno heckno heckno Follow Joined Sep 4, 2025 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 9  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Follow Level up 10x faster Email aryanc1240@gmail.com Location Pune, India Pronouns He/Him Work SDE 1 Joined Nov 5, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Haha I'm gonna use this term Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   heckno heckno heckno Follow Joined Sep 4, 2025 • Jan 12 • Edited on Jan 12 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 10  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Education School Work Student Joined Jan 11, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide 😂 Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide lol Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Best Codes Best Codes Best Codes Follow I love coding, 3D designing, and listening to music. I'm currently a fanatic about Rust, TypeScript, and Next.js. Christian, Coder, Creator Email bestcodes.official+devto@gmail.com Location Earth Education Self-taught Work Freelance Programmer \| Fullstack Dev Joined Oct 24, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Follow Level up 10x faster Email aryanc1240@gmail.com Location Pune, India Pronouns He/Him Work SDE 1 Joined Nov 5, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Follow CS Student & Dad. I build privacy-first apps on Arch Linux (btw). Turning caffeine into code. Location Texas Education Bachelor of science in computer science Pronouns He/Him Work Founder & Lead Dev Joined Sep 2, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide When someone asks me about my side-project Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Timm David Timm David Timm David Follow Joined Dec 10, 2025 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide hahaha great. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Follow Software Engineer • Technical Content Writer • LinkedIn Content Creator Email hadilbenabdallah111@gmail.com Location Tunisia Education ENET'COM Pronouns she/her Work Content Writer & Social Media Manager Joined Nov 13, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (18 comments) Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 More from Ben Halpern Meme Monday # discuss # jokes # watercooler Meme Monday # discuss # watercooler # jokes Meme Monday # discuss # watercooler # jokes 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. 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https://get.fun/	Where Fun is the Name of the Game and the Domain Extension! Home Why .fun? Our Partners About Us Contact Us Login/Signup From gamers and standup comics to entrepreneurs and content creators, make it about the power of your ideas with a .fun domain extension! speedcircuit.fun pocketgamer.fun fortnite.fun neal.fun speedcircuit.fun pocketgamer.fun fortnite.fun neal.fun Brand your site in a way that’s instantly appealing. Unique way to brand yourself or your business and make it more memorable to potential customers. .com may have been exciting 30 years ago. But now? The corporate world is dull enough without yet another dry-sounding website clogging up the servers. A.fun domain is the holy grail of all domain names - it's the only way to achieve ultimate enlightenment, inner peace, and eternal happiness! Well, maybe not but you get the point! Choose .fun and add some spark to your online presence. Get your .fun domain At .fun, we're on a mission to bring a little more laughter to the world and make the Internet a happier place. As fun-centric entrepreneurs ourselves, we understand the importance of having a memorable and unique online presence. With .fun designed to infuse some humor and personality into your website. It’s perfect for light-hearted businesses in any industry who find their calling on the brighter side of life and want to leave a lasting impression on their customers. If that’s you, then here we are. Have Questions? Get in touch! At .fun, we're on a mission to bring a little more laughter to the world and make the Internet a happier place. As fun-centric entrepreneurs ourselves, we understand the importance of having a memorable and unique online presence. With .fun designed to infuse some humor and personality into your website. It’s perfect for light-hearted businesses in any industry who find their calling on the brighter side of life and want to leave a lasting impression on their customers. If that’s you, then here we are. Have Questions? Get in touch! We're excited to work with you to find the perfect domain. Give us a shout and start unleashing the power of your ideas. We're excited to work with you to find the perfect domain. Give us a shout and start unleashing the power of your ideas. Get in touch Name Dot Store Inc, 303 Aarti Chambers, Victoria, Mahe, Republic of Seychelles 1800 34 4433 [email protected] Looking for a sponsor for your .fun website? Write to Us! Looking for a sponsor for your fun website? Write to Us! © 2025 Name Dot Store Inc. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policy Terms & Conditions	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/t/news/page/7	News Page 7 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close News Follow Hide Expect to see announcements of new and updated products, services, and features for languages & frameworks. You also will find high-level news relevant to the tech and software development industry covered here. 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Right menu Azure Introduces New Networking Updates for Better Security and Reliability Arsalan Mlaik Arsalan Mlaik Arsalan Mlaik Follow for Arsalan Malik Dec 7 '25 Azure Introduces New Networking Updates for Better Security and Reliability # news # azure # networking # career 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Qwen-Image-Edit-2511：人物一致性再上新台阶 Yang ella Yang ella Yang ella Follow Dec 28 '25 Qwen-Image-Edit-2511：人物一致性再上新台阶 # news # machinelearning # ai # opensource Comments Add Comment 3 min read Plyr-react V6 Chintan prajapati Chintan prajapati Chintan prajapati Follow Dec 20 '25 Plyr-react V6 # news # typescript # react # javascript Comments Add Comment 2 min read Google Workspace Studio Agents: A Simple Guide for Developers Arsalan Mlaik Arsalan Mlaik Arsalan Mlaik Follow for Arsalan Malik Dec 4 '25 Google Workspace Studio Agents: A Simple Guide for Developers # news # ai # cloud # network 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read NocoBase Weekly Updates: Optimization and Bug Fixes NocoBase NocoBase NocoBase Follow Dec 5 '25 NocoBase Weekly Updates: Optimization and Bug Fixes # news # opensource # lowcode # nocode Comments Add Comment 9 min read The AWS re:Invent 2025 Cheat Sheet: 5 Things You Actually Need to Know inboryn inboryn inboryn Follow Dec 6 '25 The AWS re:Invent 2025 Cheat Sheet: 5 Things You Actually Need to Know # news # aws # cloud # learning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Pandas vs Polars: Why the 2025 Evolution Changes Everything DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 27 '25 Pandas vs Polars: Why the 2025 Evolution Changes Everything # news # python # datascience Comments Add Comment 7 min read There is a Better Way to Discover Trending GitHub Repos 🚀 Behnam Azimi Behnam Azimi Behnam Azimi Follow Dec 5 '25 There is a Better Way to Discover Trending GitHub Repos 🚀 # news # github # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read Game Dev Digest — Issue #309 - Unity 6.3 LTS, Plus More Game Dev Digest - The Newsletter On Unity Game Dev Game Dev Digest - The Newsletter On Unity Game Dev Game Dev Digest - The Newsletter On Unity Game Dev Follow Dec 5 '25 Game Dev Digest — Issue #309 - Unity 6.3 LTS, Plus More # news # gamedev # unity3d # csharp Comments Add Comment 8 min read AI Morning Brief: 6 Stories Shaping the Future of Artificial Intelligence This Week Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Dec 5 '25 AI Morning Brief: 6 Stories Shaping the Future of Artificial Intelligence This Week # news # ai # technology # programming Comments Add Comment 4 min read AWS unveils AI Factory to deliver dedicated on-premises AI infrastructure withNvidia or Trainium chips Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Follow Dec 4 '25 AWS unveils AI Factory to deliver dedicated on-premises AI infrastructure withNvidia or Trainium chips # news # ai # aws # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read That Moment When You Realize Your Tools Are Betraying You TrackSimple TrackSimple TrackSimple Follow Dec 8 '25 That Moment When You Realize Your Tools Are Betraying You # news # tracksimple # competitormonitoring # competitiveintelligence Comments Add Comment 3 min read ECT Sensor: The Coolant Diviner of Your Engine’s Magic 🔮 ersajay ersajay ersajay Follow Dec 8 '25 ECT Sensor: The Coolant Diviner of Your Engine’s Magic 🔮 # news # devops # react # go 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Apple Unveils STARFlow-V: First End-to-End Normalizing Flow Model forHigh-Quality Video Generation Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Follow Dec 4 '25 Apple Unveils STARFlow-V: First End-to-End Normalizing Flow Model forHigh-Quality Video Generation # news # ai # deeplearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🤖 AI News Roundup - December 07, 2025 Edjere Evelyn Oghenetejiri Edjere Evelyn Oghenetejiri Edjere Evelyn Oghenetejiri Follow Dec 7 '25 🤖 AI News Roundup - December 07, 2025 # news # ai # machinelearning # tech 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read Ruby::Box Digest Introduction (Ruby 4.0.0 New Feature) Koichi Sasada Koichi Sasada Koichi Sasada Follow Dec 25 '25 Ruby::Box Digest Introduction (Ruby 4.0.0 New Feature) # news # ruby # tutorial 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 14 min read In-Depth Analysis of the UK’s 2027 Crypto Regulations: How Developers Can Respond to a New Global Regulatory Benchmark Apnews Apnews Apnews Follow Dec 15 '25 In-Depth Analysis of the UK’s 2027 Crypto Regulations: How Developers Can Respond to a New Global Regulatory Benchmark # news # cryptocurrency # web3 Comments Add Comment 5 min read There is a Better Way to Discover Trending GitHub Repos 🚀 Behnam Azimi Behnam Azimi Behnam Azimi Follow Dec 6 '25 There is a Better Way to Discover Trending GitHub Repos 🚀 # news # github # opensource # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read What is new on Respect\Validation 3.0 Henrique Moody Henrique Moody Henrique Moody Follow Jan 5 What is new on Respect\Validation 3.0 # news # backend # opensource # php 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 9 min read ONLYOFFICE updated: AI agents & custom hotkeys in new releases Kseniya Fedoruk Kseniya Fedoruk Kseniya Fedoruk Follow for ONLYOFFICE Dec 2 '25 ONLYOFFICE updated: AI agents & custom hotkeys in new releases # news # onlyoffice # ai # release Comments Add Comment 4 min read 2025 in Perspective: The Year Technology Reached the Tipping Point xhiena xhiena xhiena Follow Dec 3 '25 2025 in Perspective: The Year Technology Reached the Tipping Point # discuss # ai # news Comments Add Comment 5 min read OpenAI reports Mixpanel security incident; limited API analytics data affected,no credentials exposed Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Follow Dec 1 '25 OpenAI reports Mixpanel security incident; limited API analytics data affected,no credentials exposed # news # openai # api # security Comments Add Comment 2 min read The Hidden Payment Token Revolution Asad Bukhari Asad Bukhari Asad Bukhari Follow Nov 29 '25 The Hidden Payment Token Revolution # news # blockchain # security # fintech Comments Add Comment 3 min read Figma’s New Features: What’s New & Why Designers Are Excited Aslam Ansari Aslam Ansari Aslam Ansari Follow Dec 4 '25 Figma’s New Features: What’s New & Why Designers Are Excited # news # design # tooling # productivity 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Ethereum’s Fusaka Upgrade: The Most Ambitious Step Since The Merge (Live on Mainnet – Dec 3, 2025) Ankita Virani Ankita Virani Ankita Virani Follow Dec 3 '25 Ethereum’s Fusaka Upgrade: The Most Ambitious Step Since The Merge (Live on Mainnet – Dec 3, 2025) # news # blockchain # ethereum 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://core.forem.com/	Forem Core Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Forem Core Close Welcome to Forem Core — part of the Forem network! Community building community Create account Log in Home About Contact Other Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Twitter Facebook Github Instagram Twitch Mastodon Popular Tags #javascript #productivity #security #api #performance #docker #mobile #seo #postgres #rails #cicd #help #product #analytics #devto #documentation #redis #authentication #oauth #deployment #search #announcement #scalability #stripe #caching #roadmap #selfhost #webhooks #installation #uiux Forem Core Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Forem Core © 2016 - 2026. Posts Relevant Latest Top October 2025 Forem Core Update: Hacktoberfest Momentum, PR Cleanups, and Self-Hosting Tweaks Om Shree Om Shree Om Shree Follow Oct 12 '25 October 2025 Forem Core Update: Hacktoberfest Momentum, PR Cleanups, and Self-Hosting Tweaks # productivity # security # performance # javascript 20 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read How to Use Cron Jobs in Linux: Step-by-Step Guide Admin Admin Admin Follow Jan 7 How to Use Cron Jobs in Linux: Step-by-Step Guide # backgroundjobs # productivity # selfhost Comments Add Comment 7 min read Extending the Nano Banana image generation to also be responsible for fun unique profile images for users who register through a path without providing their own profile pic. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Nov 14 '25 Extending the Nano Banana image generation to also be responsible for fun unique profile images for users who register through a path without providing their own profile pic. 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Available across the whole Forem network and self-hosted instances if configured Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Nov 13 '25 Available across the whole Forem network and self-hosted instances if configured Cover Image Generation Now an Option in the DEV Editor Ben Halpern for The DEV Team ・ Nov 13 #community #forem #ai #design 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Forem Project Weekly: Scheduled Automations, Image Generation & UX Upgrades Forem Project News Forem Project News Forem Project News Follow Nov 10 '25 Forem Project Weekly: Scheduled Automations, Image Generation & UX Upgrades # opensource # performance # productivity # uiux 9 reactions Comments 1 comment 2 min read Stream of small fixes — this week's repo recap is going to be full! Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Nov 6 '25 Stream of small fixes — this week's repo recap is going to be full! 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Next version of mobile app is going to be a nice upgrade Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Nov 3 '25 Next version of mobile app is going to be a nice upgrade 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Forem Weekly Repo Recap: New Community Hub, Email Fixes & Markdown Improvements Forem Project News Forem Project News Forem Project News Follow Oct 31 '25 Forem Weekly Repo Recap: New Community Hub, Email Fixes & Markdown Improvements # news # product # deployment # opensource 14 reactions Comments 1 comment 1 min read Lots of momentum this week! Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 31 '25 Lots of momentum this week! Forem Weekly Repo Recap: New Community Hub, Email Fixes & Markdown Improvements Forem Project News ・ Oct 31 #product #deployment #opensource #news 5 reactions Comments 1 comment 1 min read Added a /community endpoint as sort of an info hub for every subforem. It's kind of just a proof of concept at the moment but can be refined. Ideally it's customizable so we can link off to places like /challenges etc. but keeping it dynamic vs static. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 30 '25 Added a /community endpoint as sort of an info hub for every subforem. It's kind of just a proof of concept at the moment but can be refined. Ideally it's customizable so we can link off to places like /challenges etc. but keeping it dynamic vs static. 7 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Hopefully releasing a new Forem app with lots of little fixes in the next couple days Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 29 '25 Hopefully releasing a new Forem app with lots of little fixes in the next couple days 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read We need to adjust quickie posts to properly not count full URLs for characters. I know Twitter traditionally capped these at 17 chars regardless of length — we'll want to do something similar along those lines. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 23 '25 We need to adjust quickie posts to properly not count full URLs for characters. I know Twitter traditionally capped these at 17 chars regardless of length — we'll want to do something similar along those lines. 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Hoping to make improvements to quickie posts like this so they show up when appropriate in feeds (currently they sink pretty quickly) without overwhelming or taking away from the experience. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 23 '25 Hoping to make improvements to quickie posts like this so they show up when appropriate in feeds (currently they sink pretty quickly) without overwhelming or taking away from the experience. 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read So much of what we do is building in public, but we need to use this space more to talk about it. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 23 '25 So much of what we do is building in public, but we need to use this space more to talk about it. 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read This was one of several recent performance improvements. Under the hood, we did some interesting memory-first caching as well. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 3 '25 This was one of several recent performance improvements. Under the hood, we did some interesting memory-first caching as well. Preloading the DEV (and Forem) home feed and sidebar for substantial performance benefits Ben Halpern for The DEV Team ・ Oct 3 #webdev #frontend #performance #webperf 8 reactions Comments 2 comments 1 min read I think we're definitely going to want to support inline markdown syntax like backticks for code snippets etc. But we don't want to fully support markdown as we have full posts for rich content. But doing all this in a non-confusing way is key. Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Oct 3 '25 I think we're definitely going to want to support inline markdown syntax like backticks for code snippets etc. But we don't want to fully support markdown as we have full posts for rich content. But doing all this in a non-confusing way is key. 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read New spam detection targeting mass registration live and working well so far. github.com/forem/forem... Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow Sep 24 '25 New spam detection targeting mass registration live and working well so far. github.com/forem/forem... feat: Add domain-based spam blocking with background worker by benhalpern · Pull Request #22350 · forem/forem · GitHub Summary This PR implements automatic domain-based spam blocking to prevent mass registration attacks from single email domains. Changes Spam::DomainDetector: Detects spam patterns by email domain... github.com 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read The Official Forem App review Junaid Junaid Junaid Follow Aug 11 '25 The Official Forem App review Comments 1 comment 1 min read loading... #discuss Discussion threads targeting the whole community #watercooler Light, and off-topic conversation. 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Forem Core — Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Forem Core © 2016 - 2026. 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https://forem.com/ben-santora	Ben Santora - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Follow User actions Ben Santora Linux OS - Local AI - Small Language Models Location Montserrat MA Joined Joined on Jan 1, 2026 Personal website https://github.com/ben-santora github website Work Engineering Technician More info about @ben-santora Badges Writing Debut Awarded for writing and sharing your first DEV post! Continue sharing your work to earn the 4 Week Writing Streak Badge. Got it Close Currently learning Jan.ai - Qwen2_5-7B-Instruct-IQ4_XS SLM - Testing / Training / Fine-Tuning Currently hacking on Testing and fine-tuning local operation of Qwen2_5-7B-Instruct-IQ4_XS small language model. --- HP PC Specs = i7-1165G7 (AVX-512) & 11GiB RAM - CPU Only - Inference ~390% CPU load. Available for AI - SLMs Post 2 posts published Comment 4 comments written Tag 7 tags followed Is an AI Model Software? – A Low‑Level Technical View Ben Santora Ben Santora Ben Santora Follow Jan 12 Is an AI Model Software? – A Low‑Level Technical View # discuss # ai # architecture # software 9 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Want to connect with Ben Santora ? Create an account to connect with Ben Santora . You can also sign in below to proceed if you already have an account. Create Account Already have an account? Sign in SLMs, LLMs and a Devious Logic Puzzle Test Ben Santora Ben Santora Ben Santora Follow Jan 12 SLMs, LLMs and a Devious Logic Puzzle Test # llm # performance # testing 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://zeroday.forem.com/t/tools	Tools - Security Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Security Forem Close # tools Follow Hide General discussion about all types of design software and hardware Create Post Older #tools posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Steps to get certificate from Internal CA server Thiyagarajan Thangavel Thiyagarajan Thangavel Thiyagarajan Thangavel Follow Dec 2 '25 Steps to get certificate from Internal CA server # networksec # tools Comments Add Comment 1 min read Looking for security feedback on a side project I’ve been building Dinesh Dawonauth Dinesh Dawonauth Dinesh Dawonauth Follow Dec 22 '25 Looking for security feedback on a side project I’ve been building # beginners # tools # cryptography 2 reactions Comments 6 comments 1 min read Building an Air-Gapped AI Defense System in Python (No Cloud APIs) SovArcNeo SovArcNeo SovArcNeo Follow Nov 21 '25 Building an Air-Gapped AI Defense System in Python (No Cloud APIs) # discuss # blueteam # beginners # tools Comments Add Comment 1 min read osquery + OpenTelemetry = ❤️ Adam Gardner Adam Gardner Adam Gardner Follow Nov 16 '25 osquery + OpenTelemetry = ❤️ # devsecops # tools # soc Comments Add Comment 1 min read I put an Air-Gapped Neural Network in my pocket (Python on Android) SovArcNeo SovArcNeo SovArcNeo Follow Nov 21 '25 I put an Air-Gapped Neural Network in my pocket (Python on Android) # discuss # beginners # tools # devsecops 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read From Validation to Valuation: How BAS in CTEM Turns Into a Weapon Against OEM Licensing Bloat Sahil Malvi Sahil Malvi Sahil Malvi Follow Oct 18 '25 From Validation to Valuation: How BAS in CTEM Turns Into a Weapon Against OEM Licensing Bloat # discuss # networksec # tools Comments Add Comment 6 min read loading... trending guides/resources Building an Air-Gapped AI Defense System in Python (No Cloud APIs) Looking for security feedback on a side project I’ve been building I put an Air-Gapped Neural Network in my pocket (Python on Android) 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Security Forem — Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Security Forem © 2016 - 2026. Share. Secure. Succeed Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://hmpljs.forem.com/t/programming	Programming - HMPL.js Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account HMPL.js Forem Close Programming Follow Hide The magic behind computers. 💻 🪄 Create Post Older #programming posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 3611 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Major module update! Anthony Max Anthony Max Anthony Max Follow for HMPL.js Nov 17 '25 Major module update! # webdev # javascript # programming # opensource 23 reactions Comments 2 comments 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Major module update! 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV HMPL.js Forem — For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . HMPL.js Forem © 2016 - 2026. Powerful templates, minimal JS Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
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Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.7 - Sept. 6, 2022 Note that Python 3.10.7 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.6 - Aug. 2, 2022 Note that Python 3.10.6 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.5 - June 6, 2022 Note that Python 3.10.5 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.13 - May 17, 2022 Note that Python 3.9.13 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.4 - March 24, 2022 Note that Python 3.10.4 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.12 - March 23, 2022 Note that Python 3.9.12 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.3 - March 16, 2022 Note that Python 3.10.3 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.11 - March 16, 2022 Note that Python 3.9.11 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.10 - Jan. 14, 2022 Note that Python 3.9.10 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.2 - Jan. 14, 2022 Note that Python 3.10.2 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.1 - Dec. 6, 2021 Note that Python 3.10.1 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (ARM64) Python 3.9.9 - Nov. 15, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.9 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.8 - Nov. 5, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.8 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.10.0 - Oct. 4, 2021 Note that Python 3.10.0 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.7 - Aug. 30, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.7 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.6 - June 28, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.6 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.5 - May 3, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.5 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.8.10 - May 3, 2021 Note that Python 3.8.10 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.4 - April 4, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.4 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.8.9 - April 2, 2021 Note that Python 3.8.9 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.2 - Feb. 19, 2021 Note that Python 3.9.2 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.8.8 - Feb. 19, 2021 Note that Python 3.8.8 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.8.7 - Dec. 21, 2020 Note that Python 3.8.7 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.1 - Dec. 7, 2020 Note that Python 3.9.1 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows help file Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Python 3.9.0 - Oct. 5, 2020 Note that Python 3.9.0 cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.6 - Sept. 24, 2020 Note that Python 3.8.6 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.9 - Aug. 17, 2020 Note that Python 3.7.9 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.5 - July 20, 2020 Note that Python 3.8.5 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.4 - July 13, 2020 Note that Python 3.8.4 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.8 - June 27, 2020 Note that Python 3.7.8 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.3 - May 13, 2020 Note that Python 3.8.3 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.18 - April 20, 2020 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.7.7 - March 10, 2020 Note that Python 3.7.7 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.2 - Feb. 24, 2020 Note that Python 3.8.2 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.1 - Dec. 18, 2019 Note that Python 3.8.1 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.6 - Dec. 18, 2019 Note that Python 3.7.6 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.17 - Oct. 19, 2019 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.7.5 - Oct. 15, 2019 Note that Python 3.7.5 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.8.0 - Oct. 14, 2019 Note that Python 3.8.0 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.4 - July 8, 2019 Note that Python 3.7.4 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.3 - March 25, 2019 Note that Python 3.7.3 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.16 - March 4, 2019 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.7.2 - Dec. 24, 2018 Note that Python 3.7.2 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.8 - Dec. 24, 2018 Note that Python 3.6.8 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.1 - Oct. 20, 2018 Note that Python 3.7.1 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.7 - Oct. 20, 2018 Note that Python 3.6.7 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.7.0 - June 27, 2018 Note that Python 3.7.0 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.6 - June 27, 2018 Note that Python 3.6.6 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.15 - May 1, 2018 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.6.5 - March 28, 2018 Note that Python 3.6.5 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.4 - Dec. 19, 2017 Note that Python 3.6.4 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.3 - Oct. 3, 2017 Note that Python 3.6.3 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.14 - Sept. 16, 2017 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.5.4 - Aug. 8, 2017 Note that Python 3.5.4 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.2 - July 17, 2017 Note that Python 3.6.2 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.1 - March 21, 2017 Note that Python 3.6.1 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.5.3 - Jan. 17, 2017 Note that Python 3.5.3 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 3.6.0 - Dec. 23, 2016 Note that Python 3.6.0 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.13 - Dec. 17, 2016 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.5.2 - June 27, 2016 Note that Python 3.5.2 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.12 - June 25, 2016 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.4.4 - Dec. 21, 2015 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.5.1 - Dec. 7, 2015 Note that Python 3.5.1 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.11 - Dec. 5, 2015 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.5.0 - Sept. 13, 2015 Note that Python 3.5.0 cannot be used on Windows XP or earlier. Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86 executable installer Download Windows x86 web-based installer Download Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file Download Windows x86-64 executable installer Download Windows x86-64 web-based installer Python 2.7.10 - May 23, 2015 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.4.3 - Feb. 25, 2015 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.9 - Dec. 10, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.4.2 - Oct. 13, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.8 - July 2, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.7 - June 1, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.4.1 - May 19, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.4.0 - March 17, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.3.5 - March 9, 2014 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows debug information files for 64-bit binaries Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.3.4 - Feb. 9, 2014 Download Windows X86-64 MSI Installer Download Windows x86 MSI Installer Python 3.3.3 - Nov. 17, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.6 - Nov. 10, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows X86-64 MSI Installer Download Windows X86-64 MSI program database Download Windows x86 MSI Installer Download Windows x86 MSI program database Python 3.2.5 - May 15, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.3.2 - May 15, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.5 - May 12, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.2.4 - April 6, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.3.1 - April 6, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.4 - April 6, 2013 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.3.0 - Sept. 29, 2012 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.2.3 - April 10, 2012 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.3 - April 9, 2012 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.2.2 - Sept. 3, 2011 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.2.1 - July 9, 2011 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.1.4 - June 11, 2011 Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.2 - June 11, 2011 Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.2.0 - Feb. 20, 2011 Download Windows help file Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.1 - Nov. 27, 2010 Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.1.3 - Nov. 27, 2010 Download Windows debug information files Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.6 - Aug. 24, 2010 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.7.0 - July 3, 2010 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.1.2 - March 20, 2010 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.5 - March 18, 2010 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.4 - Oct. 26, 2009 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.3 - Oct. 2, 2009 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.1.1 - Aug. 17, 2009 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.1.0 - June 26, 2009 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.2 - April 14, 2009 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.0.1 - Feb. 13, 2009 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.5.4 - Dec. 23, 2008 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.5.3 - Dec. 19, 2008 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.1 - Dec. 4, 2008 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 3.0.0 - Dec. 3, 2008 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.6.0 - Oct. 2, 2008 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.5.2 - Feb. 21, 2008 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.5.1 - April 19, 2007 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.4.4 - Oct. 18, 2006 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Python 2.5.0 - Sept. 19, 2006 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Download Windows x86-64 MSI installer Python 2.4.3 - April 15, 2006 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Python 2.4.2 - Sept. 27, 2005 Download Windows help file Download Windows x86 MSI installer Python 2.4.1 - March 30, 2005 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Python 2.3.5 - Feb. 8, 2005 Download Windows installer Python 2.4.0 - Nov. 30, 2004 Download Windows x86 MSI installer Python 2.3.4 - May 27, 2004 Download Windows installer Python 2.3.3 - Dec. 19, 2003 Download Windows installer Python 2.3.2 - Oct. 3, 2003 Download Windows installer Python 2.3.1 - Sept. 23, 2003 Download Windows installer Python 2.3.0 - July 29, 2003 Download Windows installer Python 2.2.3 - May 30, 2003 Download Windows installer Python 2.2.2 - Oct. 14, 2002 Download Windows installer Python 2.2.1 - April 10, 2002 Download Windows installer Python 2.1.3 - April 9, 2002 Download Windows installer Python 2.2.0 - Dec. 21, 2001 Download Windows installer Python 2.0.1 - June 22, 2001 Download Windows debug information files Download Windows installer Pre-releases Python 3.15.0a3 - Dec. 16, 2025 Download Windows installer (64-bit) Download Windows installer (32-bit) Download Windows installer (ARM64) Download Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Download Windows embeddable package (ARM64) Download Windows release manifest Python 3.15.0a2 - 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https://dev.to/arunavamodak/react-router-v5-vs-v6-dp0	React Router V5 vs V6 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Arunava Modak Posted on Nov 14, 2021           React Router V5 vs V6 # webdev # javascript # react # reactrouter React Router version 6 was released recently, and it is important for us to understand the changes as it is one of the most widely used react libraries out there. So What Is React Router ? React Router is a fully-featured client and server-side routing library for React, a JavaScript library for building user interfaces. React Router runs anywhere React runs; on the web, on the server with node.js, and on React Native. In V6, there has been a lot of under the hood changes, be it an enhanced path pattern matching algorithm or addition of new components. Not only that but the bundle size has been reduced by almost 58%. So here are some of the changes you can make to upgrade an existing project from React Router v5 to v6. Switch Replaced With Routes In v6, Switch in not exported from react-router-dom . In the earlier version we could use Switch to wrap our routes. Now we use Routes to do the same thing instead of Switch . Changes In The Way We Define Our Route The component that should be rendered on matching a route can not be written as children of the Route component, but it takes a prop called element where we have to pass a JSX component for that to be rendered. The exact Prop Is Not Needed Anymore With version 6, React Router has just become alot more awesome. The now better, path matching algorithm, enables us to match a particular route match without the exact prop. Earlier, without exact , any URL starting with the concerned keyword would be loaded, as the matching process was done from top to down the route definitions. But now, we do not have to worry about that, as React Router has a better algorithm for loading the best route for a particular URL, the order of defining does not really matters now. So, to sum up these three points we can consider this code snippet. In v5 import { Switch , Route } from " react-router-dom " ; . . . < Switch > < Route path = " / " > < Home /> < /Route > < Route exact path = " /cryptocurrencies " > < Cryptocurrencies /> < /Route > < Route exact path = " /crypto/:coinId " > < CryptoDetails /> < /Route > < Route exact path = " /exchanges " > < Exchanges /> < /Route > < /Switch > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode In v6 import { Routes , Route } from " react-router-dom " ; . . . < Routes > < Route path = " / " element = { < Home /> } / > < Route path = " /crypto/:coinId " element = { < CryptoDetails /> } / > < Route path = " /cryptocurrencies " element = { < Cryptocurrencies /> } / > < Route path = " /exchanges " element = { < Exchanges /> } / > < /Routes > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode No Need To Install react-router-config Seperately react-router-config allowed us to define our routes as javascript objects, instead of React elements, and all it's functionalities have to moved in the core react router v6. //V5 import { renderRoutes } from " react-router-config " ; const routes = [ { path : " / " , exact : true , component : Home }, { path : " /cryptocurrencies " , exact : true , component : Cryptocurrencies }, { path : " /exchanges " , exact : true , component : Exchanges } ]; export default function App () { return ( < div > < Router > { renderRoutes ( routes )} < /Router > < /div > ); } //V6 function App () { let element = useRoutes ([ // These are the same as the props you provide to <Route> { path : " / " , element : < Home /> }, { path : " /cryptocurrencies " , element : < Cryptocurrencies /> , // Nested routes use a children property children : [ { path : " :coinId " , element : < CryptoDetails /> }, ] }, { path : " /exchanges " , element : < Exchanges /> }, ]); // The returned element will render the entire element // hierarchy with all the appropriate context it needs return element ; } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode useHistory Is Now useNavigate React Router v6 now has the navigate api, which most of the times would mean replacing useHistory to useNavigate . //V5 import { useHistory } from " react-router-dom " ; function News () { let history = useHistory (); function handleClick () { history . push ( " /home " ); } return ( < div > < button onClick = {() => { history . push ( " /home " ); }} > Home < /button > < /div > ); } //V6 import { useNavigate } from " react-router-dom " ; function News () { let navigate = useNavigate (); return ( < div > < button onClick = {() => { navigate ( " /home " ); }} > go home < /button > < /div > ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Some more common features of useHistory were go , goBack and goForward . These can also be achieved by navigate api too, we just need to mention the number of steps we want to move forward or backward ('+' for forward and '-' for backward). So we can code these features we can consider this. //V5 import { useHistory } from " react-router-dom " ; function Exchanges () { const { go , goBack , goForward } = useHistory (); return ( <> < button onClick = {() => go ( - 2 )} > 2 steps back < /button > < button onClick = { goBack } > 1 step back < /button > < button onClick = { goForward } > 1 step forward < /button > < button onClick = {() => go ( 2 )} > 2 steps forward < /button > < / > ); } //V6 import { useNavigate } from " react-router-dom " ; function Exchanges () { const navigate = useNavigate (); return ( <> < button onClick = {() => navigate ( - 2 )} > 2 steps back < /button > < button onClick = {() => navigate ( - 1 )} > 1 step back < /button > < button onClick = {() => navigate ( 1 )} > 1 step forward < /button > < button onClick = {() => navigate ( 2 )} > 2 steps forward < /button > < / > ); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode activeStyle and activeClassName Props Removed From <NavLink /> In the previous version we could set a seperate class or a style object for the time when the <NavLink/> would be active. In V6, these two props are removed, instead in case of Nav Links className and style props, work a bit differently. They take a function which in turn gives up some information about the link, for us to better control the styles. //V5 < NavLink to = " /news " style = {{ color : ' black ' }} activeStyle = {{ color : ' blue ' }} > Exchanges < /NavLink > < NavLink to = " /news " className = " nav-link " activeClassName = " active " > Exchanges < /NavLink > //V6 < NavLink to = " /news " style = {({ isActive }) => { color : isActive ? ' blue ' : ' black ' }} > Exchanges < /NavLink > < NavLink to = " /news " className = {({ isActive }) => " nav-link " + ( isActive ? " active " : "" )} > Exchanges < /NavLink > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Replace Redirect with Navigate Redirect is no longer exported from react-router-dom , instead we use can Navigate to achieve the same features. //V5 import { Redirect } from " react-router-dom " ; < Route exact path = " /latest-news " > < Redirect to = " /news " > < /Route > < Route exact path = " /news " > < News /> < /Route > //V6 import { Navigate } from " react-router-dom " ; < Route path = " /latest-news " element = { < Navigate replace to = " /news " > } / > < Route path = " /news " element = { < Home /> } / > Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Please note the replace prop passed inside the element of the Route . This signifies we are replacing the current navigation stack. Without replace it would mean we are just pushing the component in the existing navigation stack. That's it for today. Hope this helps you upgrading your react project, to React Router V6. Thank you for reading !! 😇😇 Happy Coding !! Happy Building !! Top comments (17) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   rkganeshan rkganeshan rkganeshan Follow Joined Aug 28, 2021 • Jul 3 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Hey @arunavamodak , liked this blog. Crisp content ; differences of the versions as well as the new implementation is dealt very well. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Henrik VT Henrik VT Henrik VT Follow Location Northeast US Joined Mar 7, 2021 • Nov 16 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide As someone who hasn't used React Router, what's the advantage of using this over a framework like Next.js or Gatsby? Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Arunava Modak Arunava Modak Arunava Modak Follow A Software Engineer, in love with building things. Passionate, especially about beautiful UI. Email arunavamodak2@gmail.com Location Bengaluru, India Work Senior Software Engineer @ Rizzle Joined Nov 12, 2021 • Nov 17 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Well it totally depends on the requirement of your project. If you want an SPA, you can use React and React Router, which takes care of your client-side routing. For something like Next.js it comes with it's own page based routing, I don't think we can implement SPA. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Lesley van der Pol Lesley van der Pol Lesley van der Pol Follow Fullstack Consultant (web) 💻 · Based in The Netherlands Location The Netherlands Education Bachelor Software Engineering Work Fullstack Development Consultant at Passionate People, VodafoneZiggo Joined Aug 2, 2019 • Nov 20 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide I don't think there is an advantage of using React Router over Next.js or Gatsby. If you want the tools that Next or Gatsby offer then it makes sense to just go for those. If you're working on a more vanilla React project then you will generally see something like React Router in place to handle the routing. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Johannes Mogashoa Johannes Mogashoa Johannes Mogashoa Follow Full Stack Javascript and C# developer. Lover of all things problem solving and worthwhile. Email jomogashoa1993@gmail.com Location Johannesburg, South Africa Education Nelson Mandela University Work Software Developer Joined Sep 8, 2020 • Nov 21 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide React Router is directly plugged into Next without you having to install it as a separate dependency. For instance, with Next when you add a new JS/TS or JSX/TSX file into the pages folder, it will automatically map out the path for you without you having to define it. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Mike Robinson Mike Robinson Mike Robinson Follow Joined Nov 12, 2021 • Nov 17 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Next and Gatsby are full-fledged frameworks and do a LOT more than just routing. If you're already using them, there's no need to use React Router. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Swastik Yadav Swastik Yadav Swastik Yadav Follow Software Engineer \|\| React JS, Next JS, TailwindCSS \|\| Building CatalystUI \|\| Writes about code, AI, and life. Location The Republic of India Joined May 1, 2021 • Nov 15 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Hey Arunava, Thanks for such nice and detailed explanation about the changes in react-router v6. Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Arunava Modak Arunava Modak Arunava Modak Follow A Software Engineer, in love with building things. Passionate, especially about beautiful UI. Email arunavamodak2@gmail.com Location Bengaluru, India Work Senior Software Engineer @ Rizzle Joined Nov 12, 2021 • Nov 17 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thanks man. Just looking to contribute something to the community Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   rancy98 rancy98 rancy98 Follow Work Frontend Enginner Joined Jul 7, 2021 • Nov 16 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide quality sharing！ Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah Follow Location localhost:3000 Work Frontend Developer Joined Aug 31, 2020 • Nov 15 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide nice👏 Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   th3c0r th3c0r th3c0r Follow Joined Sep 24, 2020 • Nov 15 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Very nice article! Also a good video tutorial from Academind youtu.be/zEQiNFAwDGo Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Kristofer Pervin Kristofer Pervin Kristofer Pervin Follow Work Full Stack Developer at Adaptiiv Medical Technologies Inc Joined Nov 20, 2021 • Nov 20 '21 • Edited on Nov 20 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide At some point can you add in built-in Protected Routes? It would be quite the convenience feature. Otherwise this looks great! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Mike Robinson Mike Robinson Mike Robinson Follow Joined Nov 12, 2021 • Nov 17 '21 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide There's also an official upgrading guide: github.com/remix-run/react-router/... Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   77pintu 77pintu 77pintu Follow Joined Apr 5, 2020 • Oct 2 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thanks for the great post!!! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Daniel OUATTARA Daniel OUATTARA Daniel OUATTARA Follow Joined Mar 28, 2022 • Apr 5 '22 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Thank you ! Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (17 comments) Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Arunava Modak Follow A Software Engineer, in love with building things. Passionate, especially about beautiful UI. 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http://pyfound.blogspot.com/	Python Software Foundation News   News from the Python Software Foundation Tuesday, December 02, 2025 Sovereign Tech Agency and PSF Security Partnership We are thrilled to announce that the Sovereign Tech Agency has committed to a €86,000 investment in work to be performed by the Python Software Foundation to improve the security of CPython and the Python Package Index (PyPI). The Sovereign Tech Agency is a public organization in Germany that focuses on increasing the security and resilience of critical open source software that forms the foundation of modern digital technology. With the Sovereign Tech Fund, they invest globally in open software components that underpin economic competitiveness and the ability to innovate. Improving the security, stability, and reusability of open software components like CPython and PyPI is a win for everyone. This  project consists of two components, which we are carrying out in parallel: one focused on CPython and one focused on PyPI.  The CPython component, led by PSF Security Developer in Residence Seth Larson , concerns archive-handling vulnerabilities in CPython’s standard library. Following multiple CVEs affecting the tarfile and zipfile modules, systematic fuzz-testing is required to uncover potential regressions or untested cases in extraction filtering. These modules are used by most Python packaging and installation tools, and therefore form a critical part of the software supply chain. The work commissioned through the Sovereign Tech Fund’s investment will develop test cases and seed corpora for these modules, integrate fuzz-testing through the OSS-Fuzz infrastructure, and validate filtering protections against potential bypasses. The PyPI component, led by PSF PyPI Safety and Security Engineer Mike Fiedler with support from Director of Infrastructure Ee Durbin, focuses on PyPI account integrity and recovery. Current recovery procedures rely solely on email and two-factor authentication, creating support burdens and limiting automated verification. The Sovereign Tech Fund’s investment commissions work that introduces a mechanism for associating PyPI accounts with verified third-party identities through OAuth 2.0 / OIDC flows, allowing account recovery through trusted external services. These associations will improve both user experience and platform reliability while preserving user privacy and autonomy. We appreciate the Sovereign Tech Fund for supporting these critical improvements that will make CPython and PyPI more secure for millions of users. If you’d like to learn more about the advances our Developers in Residence are driving or investing in these roles and work, check out our Developers in Residence page and reach out out to sponsors@python.org Posted by Loren Crary at 12/02/2025 07:00:00 AM Tuesday, November 25, 2025 PSF Code of Conduct Working Group Shares First Transparency Report The PSF’s Code of Conduct Working Group is a group of volunteers whose purpose is to foster a diverse and inclusive Python community by enforcing the PSF Code of Conduct , along with providing guidance and recommendations to the Python community on codes of conduct, that supports the PSF mission support and facilitate the growth of a diverse and international community of Python programmers. The working group has recently committed to publishing annual transparency reports and we are pleased to share the first report with you today, for the 2024 calendar year . The initial transparency report took some time to produce, but we've improved our recording keeping practices to make future reports easier to prepare. The Working Group spent time formalizing our record keeping this year, and going forward we plan to publish our transparency reports in the first quarter of each year. Each year’s report will be added to the same place in the PSF's Code of Conduct documentation so that community members can easily access them. If you have thoughts or feedback on how to make these reports more useful, we welcome you to send us an email at conduct-wg@python.org. Posted by Deb Nicholson at 11/25/2025 01:51:00 PM Older Posts Home Subscribe to: Comments (Atom) Mission The mission of the Python Software Foundation is to promote, protect, and advance the Python programming language, and to support and facilitate the growth of a diverse and international community of Python programmers. Python Software Foundation Grants Program Membership Awards Meeting Minutes PSF Sponsors A big thank you to the above PSF sponsors for supporting our mission! 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https://dev.to/t/career	Career - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Career Follow Hide This tag is for anything relating to careers! Job offers, workplace conflict, interviews, resumes, promotions, etc. Create Post submission guidelines All articles and discussions should relate to careers in some way. Pretty much everything on dev.to is about our careers in some way. Ideally, though, keep the tag related to getting, leaving, or maintaining a career or job. about #career A career is the field in which you work, while a job is a position held in that field. Related tags include #resume and #portfolio as resources to enhance your #career Older #career posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 … 75 … 833 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu I Debug Code Like I Debug Life (Spoiler: Both Throw Exceptions) Alyssa Alyssa Alyssa Follow Jan 13 I Debug Code Like I Debug Life (Spoiler: Both Throw Exceptions) # discuss # career # programming # beginners 17 reactions Comments 8 comments 2 min read Why "Ownership" is the Best Certification: Building Infrastructure for an AWS Legend Ali-Funk Ali-Funk Ali-Funk Follow Jan 12 Why "Ownership" is the Best Certification: Building Infrastructure for an AWS Legend # aws # community # career # cloud 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Applying First-Principles Questioning to a Real Company Interview Question Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Follow Jan 13 Applying First-Principles Questioning to a Real Company Interview Question # career # interview # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to Question Any System Design Problem (With Live Interview Walkthrough) Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Mohammad-Idrees Follow Jan 13 How to Question Any System Design Problem (With Live Interview Walkthrough) # architecture # career # interview # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read I Fired the "One-Click" AI Builders: How I Built a React Portfolio with Gemini (Without Knowing React) Aaditya Thakur Aaditya Thakur Aaditya Thakur Follow Jan 13 I Fired the "One-Click" AI Builders: How I Built a React Portfolio with Gemini (Without Knowing React) # ai # webdev # career # beginners Comments Add Comment 3 min read What are your goals for the week? #161 Chris Jarvis Chris Jarvis Chris Jarvis Follow Jan 12 What are your goals for the week? #161 # discuss # career # productivity Comments Add Comment 1 min read 7 Small Workflow Tweaks That Actually Helped My Developer Productivity Johannes Millan Johannes Millan Johannes Millan Follow Jan 12 7 Small Workflow Tweaks That Actually Helped My Developer Productivity # productivity # beginners # career # programming 5 reactions Comments 1 comment 2 min read I'm Open Sourcing Two SaaS Apps and Everything I'll Work on This Year Ben Ben Ben Follow Jan 12 I'm Open Sourcing Two SaaS Apps and Everything I'll Work on This Year # career # devjournal # opensource # saas Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Your Job Isn’t Disappearing—But Your Tasks Are (Part 3: The Career) synthaicode synthaicode synthaicode Follow Jan 12 Why Your Job Isn’t Disappearing—But Your Tasks Are (Part 3: The Career) # ai # career # management # softwaredevelopment 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read My 2026 Roadmap: How I’m Future-Proofing My Fullstack Career in the Age of AI Aleksandr Fomin Aleksandr Fomin Aleksandr Fomin Follow Jan 12 My 2026 Roadmap: How I’m Future-Proofing My Fullstack Career in the Age of AI # ai # learning # career # careerdevelopment Comments Add Comment 4 min read I realized I was wasting hours applying to “dead” LinkedIn jobs — so I built a tiny fix Salaria Labs Salaria Labs Salaria Labs Follow Jan 12 I realized I was wasting hours applying to “dead” LinkedIn jobs — so I built a tiny fix # buildinpublic # career # productivity # sideprojects Comments Add Comment 2 min read From Writing Code to Teaching AI: The Rise of the AI-Assisted Developer Amit Shrivastava Amit Shrivastava Amit Shrivastava Follow Jan 12 From Writing Code to Teaching AI: The Rise of the AI-Assisted Developer # ai # aiinpractice # career # softwareengineering Comments Add Comment 3 min read C#.NET - day 07 Sabin Sim Sabin Sim Sabin Sim Follow Jan 12 C#.NET - day 07 # programming # learning # csharp # career 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to Write a Resume That Gets Interviews (Not Rejections) Resumemind Resumemind Resumemind Follow Jan 12 How to Write a Resume That Gets Interviews (Not Rejections) # career # interview # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read How I Built a Manual Resume Review System with Spring Boot & Angular Resumemind Resumemind Resumemind Follow Jan 12 How I Built a Manual Resume Review System with Spring Boot & Angular # showdev # angular # career # springboot Comments Add Comment 3 min read What am I doing wrong? Soufiane Amt Soufiane Amt Soufiane Amt Follow Jan 12 What am I doing wrong? # career # webdev # careerdevelopment # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read Python Selenium and Its Architecture, Significance of the python virtual environment NandithaShri S.k NandithaShri S.k NandithaShri S.k Follow Jan 12 Python Selenium and Its Architecture, Significance of the python virtual environment # webdev # beginners # python # career Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Creator's Paradox in the AI Era: How to Stay Generative When Everything Gets Scraped Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Follow Jan 11 The Creator's Paradox in the AI Era: How to Stay Generative When Everything Gets Scraped # discuss # ai # productivity # career Comments Add Comment 2 min read More Than a Bootcamp: Why I Chose the German 'Umschulung' Path into Tech Ali-Funk Ali-Funk Ali-Funk Follow Jan 11 More Than a Bootcamp: Why I Chose the German 'Umschulung' Path into Tech # watercooler # career # devops # beginners Comments Add Comment 3 min read Sharing: How to Build Competitiveness and Soft Skills, and Write a Good Resume Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Sharing: How to Build Competitiveness and Soft Skills, and Write a Good Resume # learning # beginners # writing # career Comments Add Comment 9 min read Sharing a Good Book: Iwata Asks - The Legendary Life of the Nintendo Savior, From Genius Programmer to President Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Sharing a Good Book: Iwata Asks - The Legendary Life of the Nintendo Savior, From Genius Programmer to President # learning # gamedev # leadership # career Comments Add Comment 9 min read Sharing a Good Book: Zhang Xiaolong, the WeChat Legend Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Sharing a Good Book: Zhang Xiaolong, the WeChat Legend # discuss # leadership # product # career Comments Add Comment 10 min read From Stack Overflow to AI Agents: Why I Stopped Fighting and Started Orchestrating in 2025 Carlos Chao(El Frontend) Carlos Chao(El Frontend) Carlos Chao(El Frontend) Follow Jan 11 From Stack Overflow to AI Agents: Why I Stopped Fighting and Started Orchestrating in 2025 # webdev # ai # productivity # career Comments Add Comment 3 min read Golang Interfaces for Inheritance: A LINEbot Example Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Golang Interfaces for Inheritance: A LINEbot Example # gratitude # fullstack # webdev # career Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Microsoft System Design Interview Resources That Actually Helped Me Land the Job Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Jan 12 The Microsoft System Design Interview Resources That Actually Helped Me Land the Job # career # systemdesign # productivity # developers Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... trending guides/resources Join the New Year, New You Portfolio Challenge: $3,000 in Prizes + Feedback from Google AI Team (... 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Right menu 10 Proven Ways to Cut Your AWS Bill Nikola Roganovic Nikola Roganovic Nikola Roganovic Follow Jan 10 10 Proven Ways to Cut Your AWS Bill # aws # devops # cloud # sre 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read AWS DevOps Agent Prithvi Kumar Detne Prithvi Kumar Detne Prithvi Kumar Detne Follow Jan 11 AWS DevOps Agent # aws # devops # sre Comments Add Comment 4 min read AWS Cheat Sheet Varalakshmi Varalakshmi Varalakshmi Follow Jan 10 AWS Cheat Sheet # aws # beginners # cloud Comments Add Comment 1 min read Amazon EKS From The Ground Up - Part 2: Worker Nodes with AWS Managed Nodes Phu Hoang Phu Hoang Phu Hoang Follow Jan 10 Amazon EKS From The Ground Up - Part 2: Worker Nodes with AWS Managed Nodes # aws # eks # devops Comments Add Comment 8 min read Architect's Compass: Building a Data-Driven Trade-off Engine with AWS Kiro Shyamli Khadse Shyamli Khadse Shyamli Khadse Follow Jan 10 Architect's Compass: Building a Data-Driven Trade-off Engine with AWS Kiro # aws # tooling # architecture # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read AWS Development Environment Dipali Kulshrestha Dipali Kulshrestha Dipali Kulshrestha Follow Jan 10 AWS Development Environment # architecture # aws # security Comments Add Comment 3 min read Compute options for Developers Dipali Kulshrestha Dipali Kulshrestha Dipali Kulshrestha Follow Jan 10 Compute options for Developers # architecture # aws # devops Comments Add Comment 3 min read AWS VPC Peering Using Terraform: A Complete Multi-Region Hands-On Guide Amit Kushwaha Amit Kushwaha Amit Kushwaha Follow Jan 10 AWS VPC Peering Using Terraform: A Complete Multi-Region Hands-On Guide # devops # aws # cloud # git Comments Add Comment 8 min read 🚀 AWS 131: Scalable Data - Provisioning Private RDS with Storage Autoscaling Hritik Raj Hritik Raj Hritik Raj Follow Jan 11 🚀 AWS 131: Scalable Data - Provisioning Private RDS with Storage Autoscaling # aws # rds # mysql # 100daysofcloud Comments Add Comment 3 min read Day 38: Deploying Containerized Applications with Amazon ECS Thu Kha Kyawe Thu Kha Kyawe Thu Kha Kyawe Follow Jan 10 Day 38: Deploying Containerized Applications with Amazon ECS # aws # 100daysofcloudaws Comments Add Comment 3 min read Day 37: Managing EC2 Access with S3 Role-based Permissions Thu Kha Kyawe Thu Kha Kyawe Thu Kha Kyawe Follow Jan 10 Day 37: Managing EC2 Access with S3 Role-based Permissions # aws # 100daysofcloudaws Comments Add Comment 3 min read Hosting a React App on AWS S3 in 5 minutes. Eric Rodríguez Eric Rodríguez Eric Rodríguez Follow Jan 10 Hosting a React App on AWS S3 in 5 minutes. # aws # react # s3 # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read Getting Started with Amazon CloudWatch for Beginners Gayatri Sonawane Gayatri Sonawane Gayatri Sonawane Follow Jan 9 Getting Started with Amazon CloudWatch for Beginners # aws # beginners # devops # monitoring Comments Add Comment 1 min read Serverless PDF-to-Speech Narrator on AWS (Textract + Polly) AKASH S AKASH S AKASH S Follow Jan 10 Serverless PDF-to-Speech Narrator on AWS (Textract + Polly) # webdev # ai # tutorial # aws 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Testing VPC connectivity - A quick hands-on Jeya Shri Jeya Shri Jeya Shri Follow Jan 10 Testing VPC connectivity - A quick hands-on # cloud # aws # vpc # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read Launching EC2 instances within a VPC (along with Wizard) Jeya Shri Jeya Shri Jeya Shri Follow Jan 10 Launching EC2 instances within a VPC (along with Wizard) # beginners # cloud # aws # vpc Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why I Started Learning AWS Alongside Generative AI Syed Asif Akhtar Syed Asif Akhtar Syed Asif Akhtar Follow Jan 10 Why I Started Learning AWS Alongside Generative AI # aws # cloud # beginners # genai Comments Add Comment 1 min read Day-31 Kubernetes Hit Me Hard Today: RBAC, CRDs, and Imposter Syndrome Jayanth Dasari Jayanth Dasari Jayanth Dasari Follow Jan 9 Day-31 Kubernetes Hit Me Hard Today: RBAC, CRDs, and Imposter Syndrome # kubernetes # docker # devops # aws Comments Add Comment 2 min read Day 36: Load Balancing EC2 Instances with Application Load Balancer Thu Kha Kyawe Thu Kha Kyawe Thu Kha Kyawe Follow Jan 10 Day 36: Load Balancing EC2 Instances with Application Load Balancer # aws # 100daysofcloudaws Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building a Multi-Account CloudWatch Dashboard That Actually Works Muhammad Yawar Malik Muhammad Yawar Malik Muhammad Yawar Malik Follow Jan 9 Building a Multi-Account CloudWatch Dashboard That Actually Works # aws # cloudwatch # monitoring # sre 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Zero Budget, High Impact: My First Step Becoming an AWS Community Builder lihaong lihaong lihaong Follow Jan 9 Zero Budget, High Impact: My First Step Becoming an AWS Community Builder # aws # awsbudget # tutorial # cloud Comments Add Comment 3 min read Orphaned EBS Volumes Costing You $$$? Rick Wise Rick Wise Rick Wise Follow Jan 9 Orphaned EBS Volumes Costing You $$$? # aws # cloud # devops # costsaving Comments Add Comment 1 min read Listing IAM Roles for Your Current AWS Account Toru Takahashi Toru Takahashi Toru Takahashi Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 10 Listing IAM Roles for Your Current AWS Account # aws # iam # tooling 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read De Localhost a Escala Global: Una Estrategia de Arquitectura AWS para Emprendedores en Latinoamérica Carlos Eduardo Sotelo Pinto Carlos Eduardo Sotelo Pinto Carlos Eduardo Sotelo Pinto Follow Jan 9 De Localhost a Escala Global: Una Estrategia de Arquitectura AWS para Emprendedores en Latinoamérica # aws # arequipa # peru # emprender Comments Add Comment 18 min read Help me, Localstack. You're my only hope. KILLALLSKYWALKER KILLALLSKYWALKER KILLALLSKYWALKER Follow Jan 11 Help me, Localstack. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close News Follow Hide Expect to see announcements of new and updated products, services, and features for languages & frameworks. You also will find high-level news relevant to the tech and software development industry covered here. 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Right menu Meet Meta AI: Your New Go-To Assistant for a Smarter You! Ahmed Onour Ahmed Onour Ahmed Onour Follow Apr 26 '24 Meet Meta AI: Your New Go-To Assistant for a Smarter You! # news # ai # webdev # javascript Comments Add Comment 2 min read Natural type of Method group Farkhodbek Kamolov Farkhodbek Kamolov Farkhodbek Kamolov Follow May 30 '24 Natural type of Method group # news # csharp # features # dotnet Comments Add Comment 3 min read Testing Stable Diffusion Inference Performance with Latest NVIDIA Driver including TensorRT ONNX Furkan Gözükara Furkan Gözükara Furkan Gözükara Follow May 29 '24 Testing Stable Diffusion Inference Performance with Latest NVIDIA Driver including TensorRT ONNX # news # beginners # tutorial # ai 9 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Spiner! a package/project manager. first look EliaOndacs EliaOndacs EliaOndacs Follow May 29 '24 Spiner! a package/project manager. first look # news # manager # tooling # productivity 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read How Automated Supply Chain Supercharges ROI Deeraj Deeraj Deeraj Follow Apr 26 '24 How Automated Supply Chain Supercharges ROI # news # productivity # automation Comments Add Comment 3 min read John Clement Teasdale: The Power of a Stroke John Clement Teasdale John Clement Teasdale John Clement Teasdale Follow Apr 23 '24 John Clement Teasdale: The Power of a Stroke # news # beginners # ai # career Comments Add Comment 1 min read URL Tracker DevLog #4: The first alpha version of the new URL Tracker is out! 🎉 Dennis Dennis Dennis Follow May 27 '24 URL Tracker DevLog #4: The first alpha version of the new URL Tracker is out! 🎉 # news # umbraco # dotnet 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read C# 13.0 Qanday imkonyatlar qo'shildi? Jaloliddin Jaloliddin Jaloliddin Follow May 27 '24 C# 13.0 Qanday imkonyatlar qo'shildi? # news # csharp Comments Add Comment 2 min read C# 13.0 da nima yanglik ? 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CodeBehind 2.5 Released # news # csharp # dotnet # backend 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read Os símbolos que mais aparecem nos sonhos Mundo /arte Mundo /arte Mundo /arte Follow Apr 16 '24 Os símbolos que mais aparecem nos sonhos # news # tutorial # ai # career Comments Add Comment 6 min read Perl Weekly #669 - How Time Machine works Gabor Szabo Gabor Szabo Gabor Szabo Follow May 20 '24 Perl Weekly #669 - How Time Machine works # news # perl # programming Comments Add Comment 5 min read The GitHub Community Roundup - 2024.04.19 April Yoho April Yoho April Yoho Follow Apr 19 '24 The GitHub Community Roundup - 2024.04.19 # news # github # developer # community 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Understanding Spillage in Cyber Awareness Sadique Mannan Sadique Mannan Sadique Mannan Follow May 18 '24 Understanding Spillage in Cyber Awareness # news # cybersecurity # tutorial # learning Comments Add Comment 5 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Amazon Web Services Follow Hide Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a collection of web services for computing, storage, machine learning, security, and more There are over 200+ AWS services as of 2023. Create Post submission guidelines Articles which primary focus is AWS are permitted to used the #aws tag. Older #aws posts 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Mastering Cloud Storage: How to Mount S3 as a Local Filesystem with Rclone DEV-AI DEV-AI DEV-AI Follow Oct 27 '25 Mastering Cloud Storage: How to Mount S3 as a Local Filesystem with Rclone # linux # cli # tutorial # aws Comments Add Comment 7 min read production deploy completed ! hirooka kazuya hirooka kazuya hirooka kazuya Follow Nov 18 '25 production deploy completed ! # aws # devjournal # typescript Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building Better on AWS: A Practical Guide to the Well-Architected Framework Sauveer Ketan Sauveer Ketan Sauveer Ketan Follow Nov 17 '25 Building Better on AWS: A Practical Guide to the Well-Architected Framework # aws # cloudcomputing # architecture # devops 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 9 min read Controlling Kubernetes Network Traffic – Part 1 Eyal Estrin Eyal Estrin Eyal Estrin Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 17 '25 Controlling Kubernetes Network Traffic – Part 1 # aws # azure # googlecloud # kubernetes 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 7 min read Creating an Amazon ECS service that uses Service Discovery Learn2Skills Learn2Skills Learn2Skills Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 17 '25 Creating an Amazon ECS service that uses Service Discovery # aws # containers # cloud # ecs 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read AWS re/Start – My Week 9 Experience Ijay Ijay Ijay Follow Oct 13 '25 AWS re/Start – My Week 9 Experience # aws # restart # cloudcomputing # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Simple Event-Driven Microservices System with Apache Kafka Cloudev Cloudev Cloudev Follow Oct 13 '25 Building a Simple Event-Driven Microservices System with Apache Kafka # kafka # kinesis # aws # data 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building Production-Grade Multi-Tier Web Infrastructure on AWS with CDK & CLI Only asim-makes asim-makes asim-makes Follow Oct 13 '25 Building Production-Grade Multi-Tier Web Infrastructure on AWS with CDK & CLI Only # architecture # devops # aws # cloud Comments Add Comment 6 min read Real-Time Streaming Challenges: What I Learned Building at Scale HyperscaleDesignHub HyperscaleDesignHub HyperscaleDesignHub Follow Oct 26 '25 Real-Time Streaming Challenges: What I Learned Building at Scale # systemdesign # performance # architecture # aws 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read CloudFormation Hooks: Lambda hooks con anotaciones granulares (en español sencillo) Pablo Gonzalez Robles Pablo Gonzalez Robles Pablo Gonzalez Robles Follow Nov 17 '25 CloudFormation Hooks: Lambda hooks con anotaciones granulares (en español sencillo) # news # security # aws # devops 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Dejé de hablar de AI y empecé a construir: Construye un RAG simple con Amazon Bedrock Knowledge Bases. Sinai Rivera Sinai Rivera Sinai Rivera Follow Nov 17 '25 Dejé de hablar de AI y empecé a construir: Construye un RAG simple con Amazon Bedrock Knowledge Bases. # aws # rag # ai # tutorial Comments Add Comment 9 min read I stopped talking about AI and started to build: Build a RAG System with Amazon Bedrock, Titan Embeddings & Knowledge Bases Sinai Rivera Sinai Rivera Sinai Rivera Follow Nov 17 '25 I stopped talking about AI and started to build: Build a RAG System with Amazon Bedrock, Titan Embeddings & Knowledge Bases # aws # rag # ai # tutorial Comments Add Comment 8 min read Chaos Testing AWS EKS with AWS FIS \| AWS Community Day Bangalore 2025 N Chandra Prakash Reddy N Chandra Prakash Reddy N Chandra Prakash Reddy Follow for AWS Community Builders Oct 26 '25 Chaos Testing AWS EKS with AWS FIS \| AWS Community Day Bangalore 2025 # aws # apigateway # kubernetes # microservices 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Real-Time Data Streaming Platform: From 140K to 1 Million Messages/Sec - A Flink Performance Tuning Journey HyperscaleDesignHub HyperscaleDesignHub HyperscaleDesignHub Follow Oct 26 '25 Real-Time Data Streaming Platform: From 140K to 1 Million Messages/Sec - A Flink Performance Tuning Journey # kubernetes # dataengineering # performance # aws 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 10 min read Kiro with MCP for GitHub Integration, Docs, Diagrams and AWS Recommendations Andre Luiz Rosa Andre Luiz Rosa Andre Luiz Rosa Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 15 '25 Kiro with MCP for GitHub Integration, Docs, Diagrams and AWS Recommendations # aws # terraform # kiro # mcp 5 reactions Comments 1 comment 3 min read A Practical Guide to Building AI Agents with Java and Spring AI - Part 3 - Add Knowledge Yuriy Bezsonov Yuriy Bezsonov Yuriy Bezsonov Follow Nov 17 '25 A Practical Guide to Building AI Agents with Java and Spring AI - Part 3 - Add Knowledge # ai # java # aws # springboot Comments Add Comment 7 min read Getting Started with CIDR and Subnetting in AWS Irfan Satrio Irfan Satrio Irfan Satrio Follow Nov 17 '25 Getting Started with CIDR and Subnetting in AWS # aws # networking # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read Predicting Failures in a Serverless App with AWS DevOps Guru and OpenTelemetry Kirill Polishchuk Kirill Polishchuk Kirill Polishchuk Follow Oct 25 '25 Predicting Failures in a Serverless App with AWS DevOps Guru and OpenTelemetry # observability # aiops # devops # aws 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read Amazon EC2: Launching Your First Instance from the Console (Public Access) Andres Figueroa Andres Figueroa Andres Figueroa Follow Nov 16 '25 Amazon EC2: Launching Your First Instance from the Console (Public Access) # aws # ec2 # security # networking Comments Add Comment 3 min read Pod Identity: The Authentication Revolution Kubernetes Needed 🔐 Omar Fathy Omar Fathy Omar Fathy Follow Oct 12 '25 Pod Identity: The Authentication Revolution Kubernetes Needed 🔐 # security # kubernetes # devops # aws Comments Add Comment 7 min read Day 72 : Grafana Udoh Deborah Udoh Deborah Udoh Deborah Follow Oct 26 '25 Day 72 : Grafana # aws # grafana # terraforn 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Route 53 Sachin Sachin Sachin Follow Oct 27 '25 Route 53 # aws # beginners # networking 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read HOW TO: Run Spark on Kubernetes with AWS EMR on EKS (2025) Pramit Marattha Pramit Marattha Pramit Marattha Follow for Chaos Genius Nov 15 '25 HOW TO: Run Spark on Kubernetes with AWS EMR on EKS (2025) # apachespark # kubernetes # aws # eks 8 reactions Comments Add Comment 17 min read Implementing a Self-Healing Serverless CICD Pipeline with AWS Developer Tools. Henry Henry Henry Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 5 '25 Implementing a Self-Healing Serverless CICD Pipeline with AWS Developer Tools. # serverless # cicd # devops # aws 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read Interoperating Open Table Formats on AWS Using Apache XTable (Delta Iceberg) Aki Aki Aki Follow for AWS Community Builders Nov 14 '25 Interoperating Open Table Formats on AWS Using Apache XTable (Delta Iceberg) # aws # iceberg # deltalake # dataengineering 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/rsionnach/shift-left-reliability-4poo	Shift-Left Reliability - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Rob Fox Posted on Jan 12 Shift-Left Reliability # sre # devops # cicd # platformengineering We've become exceptionally good at incident response. Modern teams restore service quickly, run thoughtful postmortems, and hold themselves accountable through corrective actions. And yet… A team ships a change that passes every test, gets all the required approvals, and still brings down checkout for 47 minutes. The postmortem conclusion? "We should have known our latency SLO was already at 94% before deploying." Many postmortems point to the same root cause: changes we introduced ourselves. Not hardware failures. Not random outages. Just software behaving exactly as we told it to. We continue to treat reliability as something to evaluate once those changes are already live. This isn't a failure of tooling or process. It's a question of when we decide whether a system is ready. The paradox We've invested heavily in observing and responding to failure - better alerting, faster incident response, thorough postmortems. Teams care deeply about reliability and spend significant time optimizing how they respond to incidents. But when in a service's lifecycle are they supposed to define reliability? Where's the innovation that happens before deployment? Where reliability decisions actually happen today I've seen multiple teams running identical technology stacks with completely different SLOs, metrics, and alerts. Nobody told them what to implement, what's best-practice or how to tune their alerts. They want to be good reliability citizens, but getting from the theory in the handbook to putting that theory into practice is not straightforward. Services regularly move into production with SLOs being created months later - or never. Dashboards are missing, insufficient, or inconsistent. "Looks fine to me" during PR reviews. Tribal knowledge. Varying levels of understanding across teams. Reliability is fundamentally bespoke and ungoverned. That's the core issue. The missing layer GitHub gave us version control for code. Terraform gave us version control for infrastructure. Security has transformed with shift-left - finding flaws as code is written, not after deployment. We're still missing version control for reliability. We need a specification that defines requirements, validates them against reality, and generates the artifacts: dashboards, SLOs, alerts, escalation policies. If the specification is validated and the artifacts created, the same tool can check in real-time whether a service is in breach - and block high-risk deployments in CI/CD. What shift-left reliability actually means Shift-left reliability doesn't mean more alerts and dashboards, more postmortems or more people in the room. It means: Spec - Define reliability requirements as code before production deployment Validate - Test those requirements against reality Enforce - Gate deployments through CI/CD Engineers don't write PromQL or Grafana JSON - they declare intent, and reliability becomes deterministic. Outcomes are predictable, consistent, transparent, and follow best practice. An executable reliability contract Keep it simple. A team creates a service.yaml file with their reliability intent: name: payment-api tier: critical type: api team: payments dependencies: - postgresql - redis Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Here is a complete service.yaml example . Tooling validates metrics, SLOs, and error budgets then generates these artifacts automatically. This is the approach I am exploring with an open-source project called NthLayer. NthLayer runs in any CI/CD pipeline - GitHub Actions, ArgoCD, Jenkins, Tekton, GitLab CI. The goal isn't to be an inflexible blocker; it's visible risk and explicit decisions. Overrides are fine when they're intentional, logged, and owned. When a deployment is attempted, the specification is evaluated against reality: $ nthlayer check-deploy - service payment-api ERROR: Deployment blocked - availability SLO at 99.2% (target: 99.95%) - error budget exhausted: -47 minutes remaining - 3 P1 incidents in last 7 days Exit code: 2 (BLOCKED) Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Why now? SLOs have had 8+ years to mature and move from the Google SRE Handbook into mainstream practice. GitOps has normalized declarative configuration. Platform Engineering has matured as a discipline. The concepts are ready but the tooling has lagged behind. This is a deliberate shift in approach. Reliability is no longer up for debate during incidents. Services have defined owners with deterministic standards. We can stop reinventing the reliability wheel every time a new service is onboarded. If requirements change, update the service.yaml , run NthLayer and every service benefits from adopting the new standard. What this does not replace NthLayer doesn't replace service catalogs, developer portals, observability platforms, or incident management. It doesn't predict failures or eliminate human judgment. It's upstream of all these systems. The goal: a reliability specification, automated deployment gates and to reduce cognitive load to implement best practices. Open questions I don't have all the answers but two questions I keep returning to are: Contract Drift: What happens when the spec says 99.95% but reality has been 99.5% for months? Is the contract wrong, or is the service broken? Emergency Overrides: How should they work? Who approves? How do you prevent them from becoming the default? The timing problem Where do reliability decisions actually happen in your organization? What would it look like to decide readiness before deployment? What reliability rules do you wish you could enforce automatically? The timing problem isn't going away. The only question is whether you address it before deployment - or learn about it in the postmortem. NthLayer is open source and looking for early adopters. If you're tired of reliability being an afterthought: pip install nthlayer nthlayer init nthlayer check-deploy --service your-service Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode → github.com/rsionnach/nthlayer Star the repo, open an issue, or tell me I'm wrong. I want to hear how reliability decisions happen in your organization. Rob Fox is a Senior Site Reliability Engineer focused on platform and reliability tooling. He's exploring how reliability engineering can move earlier in the software delivery lifecycle. Find him on GitHub . Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Rob Fox Follow Sr Site Reliability Engineer. Building NthLayer, an open-source tool for shift-left reliability. Opinions are my own. github.com/rsionnach Location Dublin, Ireland Joined Jan 6, 2026 Trending on DEV Community Hot The First Week at a Startup Taught Me More Than I Expected # startup # beginners # career # learning How I Built an AI Terraform Review Agent on Serverless AWS # aws # terraform # serverless # devops How to Crack Any Software Developer Interview in 2026 (Updated for AI & Modern Hiring) # softwareengineering # programming # career # interview 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # systemdesign Follow Hide Create Post Older #systemdesign posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu WebRTC P2P vs MCU vs SFU Kader Khan Kader Khan Kader Khan Follow Jan 6 WebRTC P2P vs MCU vs SFU # systemdesign # devops # webrtc # webdev Comments Add Comment 4 min read Part 7 — What GenAI Engineering Actually Is MuzammilTalha MuzammilTalha MuzammilTalha Follow Jan 5 Part 7 — What GenAI Engineering Actually Is # systemdesign # architecture # softwareengineering # ai Comments Add Comment 1 min read The Grid Is Running Out of Time And Modernization Can’t Be Treated as Optional Josh Hernandez Josh Hernandez Josh Hernandez Follow Jan 4 The Grid Is Running Out of Time And Modernization Can’t Be Treated as Optional # discuss # architecture # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read What Is Often Visible Is Not the Whole Problem Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 5 What Is Often Visible Is Not the Whole Problem # ai # cybersecurity # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 1 min read Lo que suele verse no es el problema completo Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 5 Lo que suele verse no es el problema completo # discuss # ai # cybersecurity # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 1 min read Software Engineering is about trade-offs, not perfect solutions... Pratyush Raghuwanshi Pratyush Raghuwanshi Pratyush Raghuwanshi Follow Jan 5 Software Engineering is about trade-offs, not perfect solutions... # systemdesign # softwareengineering # programming # python Comments Add Comment 2 min read The Art of Safe Retries: Implementing Idempotency in Distributed Systems Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Muhammad Ahsan Farooq Follow Jan 4 The Art of Safe Retries: Implementing Idempotency in Distributed Systems # programming # distributedsystems # systemdesign # systemarchetecture Comments Add Comment 4 min read CSV Processing Gotchas: Don’t Let Invalid Data Slip Through the Cracks!!! Pratyush Raghuwanshi Pratyush Raghuwanshi Pratyush Raghuwanshi Follow Jan 5 CSV Processing Gotchas: Don’t Let Invalid Data Slip Through the Cracks!!! # python # dataengineering # softwaredevelopment # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why LLMs Break in Production (and Why It’s Not a Model Problem) yuer yuer yuer Follow Jan 5 Why LLMs Break in Production (and Why It’s Not a Model Problem) # llm # softwareengineering # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read Boyer–Moore Majority Voting: Why It Works, Why It Fails, and Where It Actually Belongs Yash Patel Yash Patel Yash Patel Follow Jan 4 Boyer–Moore Majority Voting: Why It Works, Why It Fails, and Where It Actually Belongs # dsa # systemdesign # datastructures # algorithms Comments Add Comment 4 min read Google Calendar - Day View (HLD) Arghya Majumder Arghya Majumder Arghya Majumder Follow Jan 9 Google Calendar - Day View (HLD) # architecture # interview # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 29 min read What If the OOD Interview Doesn’t Go as Planned? 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https://hmpljs.forem.com/privacy	Privacy Policy - HMPL.js Forem Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account HMPL.js Forem Close Privacy Policy Last Updated: September 01, 2023 This Privacy Policy is designed to help you understand how DEV Community Inc. (" DEV ," " we ," or " us ") collects, use, and discloses your personal information. What's With the Defined Terms? You'll notice that some words appear in quotes in this Privacy Policy. They're called "defined terms," and we use them so that we don't have to repeat the same language again and again. They mean the same thing in every instance, to help us make sure that this Privacy Policy is consistent. We've included the defined terms throughout because we want it to be easy for you to read them in context. 1. WHAT DOES THIS PRIVACY POLICY APPLY TO? 2. PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT 3. HOW WE USE YOUR INFORMATION 4. HOW WE DISCLOSE YOUR INFORMATION 5. YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES AND RIGHTS 6. INTERNATIONAL DATA TRANSFERS 7. RETENTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION 8. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS 9. SUPPLEMENTAL NOTICE FOR NEVADA RESIDENTS 10. CHILDREN'S INFORMATION 11. OTHER PROVISIONS 12. CONTACT US 1. WHAT DOES THIS PRIVACY POLICY APPLY TO? This Privacy Policy applies to personal information processed by us, including on our websites, mobile applications, and other online or offline offerings — basically anything we do. To make this Privacy Policy easier to read, our websites, mobile applications, and other offerings are all collectively called the " Services. " Beyond this Privacy Policy, your use of the Services is subject to our DEV Community Terms and our Forem Terms. The Services include both our own community forum at https://www.dev.to (the " DEV Community ") and the open source tool we provide called " Forem ," available at https://www.forem.com which allows our customers to create and operate their own online forums. We collect personal information from two categories of people: (1) our customers, who use Forem and our hosting services to run and host their own forums (we'll call them " Forem Operators "), and (2) the people who interact with DEV-hosted forums, including forums provided by Forem Operators utilizing Forem and separately our own DEV Community (we'll call them " Users "). An Important Note for Users Since we provide hosting services for Forem Operators, technically we also process your information on their behalf. That processing is governed by the contracts that we have in place with each Forem Operator, not this Privacy Policy. In other words, when you share your data on a DEV-hosted forum operated by a Forem Operator, we at DEV are basically just the "pipes" — we process the data on behalf of the Forem Operator, but don't do anything with it ourselves beyond what we're required to do under our contract (and by law). So, if you post your information on a DEV-powered forum provided by a Forem Operator, that Forem Operator's privacy policy applies, and any questions or requests relating to your data on that service should be directed to that Forem Operator, not us. Likewise, if you use our mobile application, you may also interact with forums that use DEV's open-source tools but do all their hosting and data collection themselves. For those forums, we at DEV have no access to your data, so be sure to read the privacy policy of any third-party hosted forum before posting. 2. PERSONAL INFORMATION WE COLLECT The categories of personal information we collect depend on whether you're a User or Forem Operator, how you interact with us, our Services, and the requirements of applicable law. Breaking it down, we collect three types of information: (1) information that you provide to us directly, (2) information we obtain automatically when you use our Services, and (3) information we get about you from other sources (such as third-party services and organizations). More details are below. A. Information You Provide to Us Directly We may collect the following personal information that you provide to us. Account Creation (for Forem Operators): We'll require your name and email address to get started, as well as some details about the Forem you want to run, such as: whether you're running the Forem on your own behalf or as part of an organization, and details about the community you want to support (how big is it, what topics does it cover, where do members currently communicate, how/if the community earns money, whether the community is open, invite-only or paid, any existing social media accounts, etc.) You'll need to tell us a bit about your personal coding background, and you'll have the option to provide your DEV username as well, if you are a member of the DEV.to community. Account Creation (for Users) : We collect name and email address from users that create an account on DEV Community. For other forums created by Forem Operators using Forem, the Forem Operator determines what information is required for User account creation for their respective forums. Interactive Features (for Users) . Like any other social network, both we and other Users of our Services may collect personal information that you submit or make available through our interactive features (e.g., messaging and chat features, commenting functionalities, forums, blogs, posts, and other social media pages). While we do have private messages that are only between you and the person you're messaging (as well as us and the Forem Operator, as applicable), any information you provide using the public sharing features of the Services, such as the information you post to your public profile or the topics you follow is public, including to recruiters and prospective employers, and is not subject to any of the privacy protections we mention in this Privacy Policy except where legally required. Please exercise caution before revealing any information that may identify you in the real world to others. Purchases . If you buy stuff on our shop site https://shop.dev.to/ (as either a User or Forem Operator), or otherwise if you pay us in connection with your use of the Forem service, we may collect personal information and details associated with your purchases, including payment information. Any payments made via our Services are processed by third-party payment processors, such as Stripe, Shopify, and PayPal. We do not directly collect or store any payment card information entered through our Services, but may receive information associated with your payment card information (e.g., your billing details). Your Communications with Us (Users and Forem Operators) . We may collect personal information, such as email address, phone number, or mailing address when you request information about our Services, register for our newsletter or loyalty program, request customer or technical support, apply for a job, or otherwise communicate with us. Surveys . We may contact you to participate in surveys. If you decide to participate, you may be asked to provide certain information, which may include personal information (for example, your home address). Sweepstakes or Contests . We may collect personal information you provide for any sweepstakes or contests that we offer. In some jurisdictions, we are required to publicly share information of sweepstakes and contest winners. Conferences, Trade Shows, and Other Events . We may collect personal information from individuals when we attend conferences, trade shows, and other events. Business Development and Strategic Partnerships . We may collect personal information from individuals and third parties to assess and pursue potential business opportunities. Job Applications . We may post job openings and opportunities on our Services. If you reply to one of these postings by submitting your application, CV and/or cover letter to us, we will collect and use your information to assess your qualifications. B. Information Collected Automatically We may collect personal information automatically when you use our Services: Automatic Data Collection . We may collect certain information automatically when you use our Services, such as your Internet protocol (IP) address, user settings, MAC address, cookie identifiers, mobile carrier, mobile advertising and other unique identifiers, browser or device information, location information (including approximate location derived from IP address), and Internet service provider. We may also automatically collect information regarding your use of our Services, such as pages that you visit before, during and after using our Services, information about the links you click, the types of content you interact with, the frequency and duration of your activities, and other information about how you use our Services. In addition, we may collect information that other people provide about you when they use our Services, including information about you when they tag you in their posts. Cookies, Pixel Tags/Web Beacons, and Other Technologies . We, as well as third parties that provide content, advertising, or other functionality on our Services, may use cookies, pixel tags, local storage, and other technologies (" Technologies ") to automatically collect information through your use of our Services. Cookies . Cookies are small text files placed in device browsers that store preferences and facilitate and enhance your experience. Pixel Tags/Web Beacons . A pixel tag (also known as a web beacon) is a piece of code embedded in our Services that collects information about engagement on our Services. The use of a pixel tag allows us to record, for example, that a user has visited a particular web page or clicked on a particular advertisement. We may also include web beacons in e-mails to understand whether messages have been opened, acted on, or forwarded. Our uses of these Technologies fall into the following general categories: Operationally Necessary . This includes Technologies that allow you access to our Services, applications, and tools that are required to identify irregular website behavior, prevent fraudulent activity and improve security or that allow you to make use of our functionality. Performance-Related . We may use Technologies to assess the performance of our Services, including as part of our analytic practices to help us understand how individuals use our Services ( see Analytics below ). Functionality-Related . We may use Technologies that allow us to offer you enhanced functionality when accessing or using our Services. This may include identifying you when you sign into our Services or keeping track of your specified preferences, interests, or past items viewed. Analytics . We may use Technologies and other third-party tools to process analytics information on our Services. Some of our analytics partners include Google Analytics. For more information,please visit Google Analytics' Privacy Policy . To learn more about how to opt-out of Google Analytics' use of your information, please click here . Social Media Platforms . Our Services may contain social media buttons such as Twitter, Facebook, GitHub, Instagram, and Twitch (that might include widgets such as the "share this" button or other interactive mini programs). These features may collect your IP address, which page you are visiting on our Services, and may set a cookie to enable the feature to function properly. Your interactions with these platforms are governed by the privacy policy of the company providing it. See the "Your Privacy Choices and Rights" section below to understand your choices regarding these Technologies. C. Information Collected from Other Sources We may obtain information about you from other sources, including through third-party services and organizations. For example, if you access our Services through a third-party application, such as an app store, a third-party login service (e.g., through Twitter, Apple, or GitHub), or a social networking site, we may collect whatever information about you from that third-party application that you have made available via your privacy settings. 3. HOW WE USE YOUR INFORMATION We use your information for a variety of business purposes, including to provide our Services, for administrative purposes, and to market our products and Services, as described below. A. Provide Our Services We use your information to fulfill our contract with you and provide you with our Services, such as: Managing your information and accounts; Providing access to certain areas, functionalities, and features of our Services; Answering requests for customer or technical support; Communicating with you about your account, activities on our Services, and policy changes; Processing your financial information and other payment methods for products or Services purchased; Processing applications if you apply for a job we post on our Services; and Allowing you to register for events. B. Administrative Purposes We use your information for various administrative purposes, such as: Pursuing our legitimate interests such as direct marketing, research and development (including marketing research), network and information security, and fraud prevention; Detecting security incidents, protecting against malicious, deceptive, fraudulent or illegal activity, and prosecuting those responsible for that activity; Measuring interest and engagement in our Services, including for usage-based billing purposes; Short-term, transient use, such as contextual customization of ads; Improving, optimizing, upgrading, or enhancing our Services; Developing new products and Services; Ensuring internal quality control and safety; Authenticating and verifying individual identities, including requests to exercise your rights under this policy; Debugging to identify and repair errors with our Services; Auditing relating to interactions, transactions and other compliance activities; Enforcing our agreements and policies; and Complying with our legal obligations. C. Marketing and Advertising our Products and Services We may use your personal information to tailor and provide you with content and advertisements for our Services, such as via email. If you have any questions about our marketing practices, you may contact us at any time as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. D. Other Purposes We also use your information for other purposes as requested by you or as permitted by applicable law. Consent . We may use personal information for other purposes that are clearly disclosed to you at the time you provide personal information or with your consent. Automated Decision Making. We may engage in automated decision making, including profiling, such as to suggest topics or other Users for you to follow. DEV's processing of your personal information will not result in a decision based solely on automated processing that significantly affects you unless such a decision is necessary as part of a contract we have with you, we have your consent, or we are permitted by law to engage in such automated decision making. If you have questions about our automated decision making, you may contact us as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. De-identified and Aggregated Information . We may use personal information and other information about you to create de-identified and/or aggregated information, such as de-identified demographic information, information about the device from which you access our Services, or other analyses we create. For example, we may collect system-wide information to ensure availability of the platform, or measure aggregate data trends to analyze and optimize our Services. Share Content with Friends or Colleagues. Our Services may offer various tools and functionalities. For example, we may allow you to provide information about your friends through our referral services. Our referral services may allow you to forward or share certain content with a friend or colleague, such as an email inviting your friend to use our Services. Please only share with us contact information of people with whom you have a relationship (e.g., relative, friend neighbor, or co-worker). 4. HOW WE DISCLOSE YOUR INFORMATION We disclose your information to third parties for a variety of business purposes, including to provide our Services, to protect us or others, or in the event of a major business transaction such as a merger, sale, or asset transfer, as described below. A. Disclosures to Provide our Services The categories of third parties with whom we may share your information are described below. Service Providers . We may share your personal information with our third-party service providers who use that information to help us provide our Services. This includes service providers that provide us with IT support, hosting, payment processing, customer service, and related services. For example, our Shop site is run by Shopify, who handle your shipping details on our behalf. Business Partners . We may share your personal information with business partners to provide you with a product or service you have requested. We may also share your personal information to business partners with whom we jointly offer products or services. Other Users . As described above in the "Personal Information We Collect" section of this Privacy Policy, our Service allows Users to share their profiles, and any posts, chats, etc. with other Users and with the general public, including to those who do not use our Services. APIs/SDKs . We may use third-party Application Program Interfaces ("APIs") and Software Development Kits ("SDKs") as part of the functionality of our Services. For more information about our use of APIs and SDKs, please contact us as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below. B . Disclosures to Protect Us or Others We may access, preserve, and disclose any information we store associated with you to external parties if we, in good faith, believe doing so is required or appropriate to: comply with law enforcement or national security requests and legal process, such as a court order or subpoena; protect your, our, or others' rights, property, or safety; enforce our policies or contracts; collect amounts owed to us; or assist with an investigation or prosecution of suspected or actual illegal activity. C. Disclosure in the Event of Merger, Sale, or Other Asset Transfers If we are involved in a merger, acquisition, financing due diligence, reorganization, bankruptcy, receivership, purchase or sale of assets, or transition of service to another provider, your information may be sold or transferred as part of such a transaction, as permitted by law and/or contract. 5. YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES AND RIGHTS Your Privacy Choices . The privacy choices you may have about your personal information are determined by applicable law and are described below. Email Communications . If you receive an unwanted email from us, you can use the unsubscribe link found at the bottom of the email to opt out of receiving future emails. Note that you will continue to receive transaction-related emails regarding products or Services you have requested. We may also send you certain non-promotional communications regarding us and our Services, and you will not be able to opt out of those communications (e.g., communications regarding our Services or updates to our Terms or this Privacy Policy). Mobile Devices . We may send you push notifications through our mobile application. You may opt out from receiving these push notifications by changing the settings on your mobile device. "Do Not Track." Do Not Track (" DNT ") is a privacy preference that users can set in certain web browsers. Please note that we do not respond to or honor DNT signals or similar mechanisms transmitted by web browsers. Cookies and Interest-Based Advertising . You may stop or restrict the placement of Technologies on your device or remove them by adjusting your preferences as your browser or device permits. However, if you adjust your preferences, our Services may not work properly. Please note that cookie-based opt-outs are not effective on mobile applications. Please note you must separately opt out in each browser and on each device. Your Privacy Rights . In accordance with applicable law, you may have the right to: Access Personal Information about you, including: (i) confirming whether we are processing your personal information; (ii) obtaining access to or a copy of your personal information; Request Correction of your personal information where it is inaccurate, incomplete or outdated. In some cases, we may provide self-service tools that enable you to update your personal information; Request Deletion, Anonymization or Blocking of your personal information when processing is based on your consent or when processing is unnecessary, excessive or noncompliant; Request Restriction of or Object to our processing of your personal information when processing is noncompliant; Withdraw Your Consent to our processing of your personal information. If you refrain from providing personal information or withdraw your consent to processing, some features of our Service may not be available; Request Data Portability and Receive an Electronic Copy of Personal Information that You Have Provided to Us; Be Informed about third parties with which your personal information has been shared; and Request the Review of Decisions Taken Exclusively Based on Automated Processing if such decisions could affect your data subject rights. If you would like to exercise any of these rights, please contact us as set forth in "Contact Us" below. We will process such requests in accordance with applicable laws. 6. INTERNATIONAL DATA TRANSFERS All information processed by us may be transferred, processed, and stored anywhere in the world, including, but not limited to, the United States or other countries, which may have data protection laws that are different from the laws where you live. We always strive to safeguard your information consistent with the requirements of applicable laws. 7. RETENTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION We store the personal information we collect as described in this Privacy Policy for as long as you use our Services or as necessary: to fulfill the purpose or purposes for which it was collected, to provide our Services, to resolve disputes, to establish legal defenses, to conduct audits, to pursue legitimate business purposes, to enforce our agreements, and to comply with applicable laws. 8. SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS Refer-a-Friend and Similar Incentive Programs . As described above in the How We Use Your Personal Information section ("Share Content with Friends or Colleagues" subsection), we may offer referral programs or other incentivized data collection programs. For example, we may offer incentives to you such as discounts or promotional items or credit in connection with these programs, wherein you provide your personal information in exchange for a reward, or provide personal information regarding your friends or colleagues (such as their email address) and receive rewards when they sign up to use our Services. (The referred party may also receive rewards for signing up via your referral.) These programs are entirely voluntary and allow us to grow our business and provide additional benefits to you. The value of your data to us depends on how you ultimately use our Services, whereas the value of the referred party's data to us depends on whether the referred party ultimately becomes a User or Forem Operator and uses our Services. Said value will be reflected in the incentive offered in connection with each program. Accessibility . This Privacy Policy uses industry-standard technologies and was developed in line with the World Wide Web Consortium's Web Content Accessibility Guidelines, version 2.1* . * If you wish to print this policy, please do so from your web browser or by saving the page as a PDF. California Shine the Light . The California "Shine the Light" law permits users who are California residents to request and obtain from us once a year, free of charge, a list of the third parties to whom we have disclosed their personal information (if any) for their direct marketing purposes in the prior calendar year, as well as the type of personal information disclosed to those parties. Right for Minors to Remove Posted Content . Where required by law, California residents under the age of 18 may request to have their posted content or information removed from the publicly-viewable portions of the Services by contacting us directly as set forth in the "Contact Us" section below or by logging into their account and removing the content or information using our self-service tools. 9. SUPPLEMENTAL NOTICE FOR NEVADA RESIDENTS If you are a resident of Nevada, you have the right to opt-out of the sale of certain Personal Information to third parties who intend to license or sell that Personal Information. You can exercise this right by contacting us as set forth in the "Contact Us\" section below with the subject line "Nevada Do Not Sell Request" and providing us with your name and the email address associated with your account. Please note that we do not currently sell your Personal Information as sales are defined in Nevada Revised Statutes Chapter 603A. If you have any questions, please contact us as set forth below. 10. CHILDREN'S INFORMATION The Services are not directed to children under 13 (or other age as required by local law), and we do not knowingly collect personal information from children. If you are a parent or guardian and believe your child has uploaded personal information to our site without your consent, you may contact us as described in the "Contact Us" section below. If we become aware that a child has provided us with personal information in violation of applicable law, we will delete any personal information we have collected, unless we have a legal obligation to keep it, and terminate the child's account if applicable. 11. OTHER PROVISIONS Third-Party Websites or Applications . The Services may contain links to other websites or applications, and other websites or applications may reference or link to our Services. These third-party services are not controlled by us. We encourage our users to read the privacy policies of each website and application with which they interact. We do not endorse, screen or approve, and are not responsible for, the privacy practices or content of such other websites or applications. Providing personal information to third-party websites or applications is at your own risk. Changes to Our Privacy Policy . We may revise this Privacy Policy from time to time in our sole discretion. If there are any material changes to this Privacy Policy, we will notify you as required by applicable law. You understand and agree that you will be deemed to have accepted the updated Privacy Policy if you continue to use our Services after the new Privacy Policy takes effect. 12. CONTACT US If you have any questions about our privacy practices or this Privacy Policy, or to exercise your rights as detailed in this Privacy Policy, please contact us at: support@dev.to . 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV HMPL.js Forem — For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . HMPL.js Forem © 2016 - 2026. Powerful templates, minimal JS Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Security Follow Hide Hopefully not just an afterthought! Create Post submission guidelines Write as you are pleased, be mindful and keep it civil. Older #security posts 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Protecting a document is not the same as proving it exists BACOUL BACOUL BACOUL Follow Dec 31 '25 Protecting a document is not the same as proving it exists # security # privacy # webdev # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read Goodbye Fail2Ban: Hardening Netbird & Caddy with CrowdSec patrickbloem-it patrickbloem-it patrickbloem-it Follow Dec 31 '25 Goodbye Fail2Ban: Hardening Netbird & Caddy with CrowdSec # security # tutorial # devops # linux 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 8 min read Supply Chain Attacks on Mobile Apps and How Docker Stops Them Before They Ship Swapnil Patil Swapnil Patil Swapnil Patil Follow Dec 31 '25 Supply Chain Attacks on Mobile Apps and How Docker Stops Them Before They Ship # docker # ios # security # android Comments Add Comment 3 min read Securing the Future: A Practical Guide to AWS Agentic AI Security Muhammad Q Shahzad Muhammad Q Shahzad Muhammad Q Shahzad Follow Jan 1 Securing the Future: A Practical Guide to AWS Agentic AI Security # agenticai # aws # security Comments Add Comment 5 min read Web Application Security & XSS Mitigation write up Alem Djokovic Alem Djokovic Alem Djokovic Follow Jan 6 Web Application Security & XSS Mitigation write up # cybersecurity # security # webdev Comments Add Comment 14 min read Is “Hiding” Your WordPress Login and Common Paths a Smart Security Move? Calin V. Calin V. Calin V. Follow Jan 6 Is “Hiding” Your WordPress Login and Common Paths a Smart Security Move? # security # cybersecurity # wordpress # obscurity Comments Add Comment 4 min read Beyond `apt upgrade`: Automating Linux Hardening for Public Sector Workloads patrickbloem-it patrickbloem-it patrickbloem-it Follow Dec 31 '25 Beyond `apt upgrade`: Automating Linux Hardening for Public Sector Workloads # linux # security # automation # devops Comments Add Comment 4 min read I Thought It Was Refactoring My Code. It Actually Wiped It Out. ZiLing ZiLing ZiLing Follow Dec 31 '25 I Thought It Was Refactoring My Code. It Actually Wiped It Out. # ai # python # security # opensource Comments Add Comment 3 min read Day 11: New Year, New Security (Password Generator) Michael Amachree Michael Amachree Michael Amachree Follow Dec 31 '25 Day 11: New Year, New Security (Password Generator) # security # svelte # privacy # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read Prompting for Safety: How to Stop Your LLM From Leaking Sensitive Data Dechun Wang Dechun Wang Dechun Wang Follow Dec 31 '25 Prompting for Safety: How to Stop Your LLM From Leaking Sensitive Data # ai # llm # promptengineering # security Comments Add Comment 9 min read Simple Guides to Stop Hacks, Bots, and Spam on WordPress (Beginner Friendly) Calin V. Calin V. Calin V. Follow Dec 31 '25 Simple Guides to Stop Hacks, Bots, and Spam on WordPress (Beginner Friendly) # wordpress # antispam # bruteforce # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read Stop Giving AI the Steering Wheel yuer yuer yuer Follow Jan 1 Stop Giving AI the Steering Wheel # architecture # agents # security # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read My Perspective on Amazon Inspector's 2025 Updates for DevSecOps andre aliaman andre aliaman andre aliaman Follow for AWS Community Builders Dec 31 '25 My Perspective on Amazon Inspector's 2025 Updates for DevSecOps # aws # devsecops # cicd # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read How to index my website? Kelly Thomas Kelly Thomas Kelly Thomas Follow Dec 31 '25 How to index my website? # security # programming # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read IBM Z: the computer that never learned how to die Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Follow Dec 30 '25 IBM Z: the computer that never learned how to die # architecture # performance # security 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Keep your Ubuntu‑based VPN Server Updated Reginald F. Johnson Reginald F. Johnson Reginald F. Johnson Follow Dec 30 '25 Keep your Ubuntu‑based VPN Server Updated # ubuntu # linux # vpn # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read My Perspective on AWS Security Hub for DevSecOps andre aliaman andre aliaman andre aliaman Follow for AWS Community Builders Dec 31 '25 My Perspective on AWS Security Hub for DevSecOps # aws # devops # security # cybersecurity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Android 보안 베스트 프랙티스 dss99911 dss99911 dss99911 Follow Dec 31 '25 Android 보안 베스트 프랙티스 # mobile # android # security # sslpinning Comments Add Comment 2 min read MITM 공격과 네트워크 보안 - SSL Pinning, HSTS 완벽 가이드 dss99911 dss99911 dss99911 Follow Dec 31 '25 MITM 공격과 네트워크 보안 - SSL Pinning, HSTS 완벽 가이드 # infra # security # mitm # ssl Comments Add Comment 1 min read Android 보안 취약점과 방어 전략 dss99911 dss99911 dss99911 Follow Dec 31 '25 Android 보안 취약점과 방어 전략 # infra # security # android # mobilesecurity Comments Add Comment 1 min read 암호화 기초 - 대칭키, HMAC, 그리고 메시지 인증 dss99911 dss99911 dss99911 Follow Dec 31 '25 암호화 기초 - 대칭키, HMAC, 그리고 메시지 인증 # infra # security # encryption # cryptography Comments Add Comment 2 min read ProGuard 완벽 가이드 - Android 코드 난독화와 최적화 dss99911 dss99911 dss99911 Follow Dec 31 '25 ProGuard 완벽 가이드 - Android 코드 난독화와 최적화 # infra # security # proguard # android Comments Add Comment 2 min read Frida를 이용한 Android 앱 분석과 리버스 엔지니어링 dss99911 dss99911 dss99911 Follow Dec 31 '25 Frida를 이용한 Android 앱 분석과 리버스 엔지니어링 # infra # security # frida # reverseengineering Comments Add Comment 2 min read LLMs Don’t Have a Security Layer — So I Built One Matheus Delgado Matheus Delgado Matheus Delgado Follow Jan 4 LLMs Don’t Have a Security Layer — So I Built One # architecture # llm # security Comments Add Comment 2 min read Cyber Threats the Gaming Industry Faced in 2025, And What Indie Game Developers Can Learn GuardingPearSoftware GuardingPearSoftware GuardingPearSoftware Follow Dec 30 '25 Cyber Threats the Gaming Industry Faced in 2025, And What Indie Game Developers Can Learn # cybersecurity # gamedev # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Artificial Intelligence Follow Hide Artificial intelligence leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities found in humans and in nature. Create Post submission guidelines Posts about artificial intelligence. Older #ai posts 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Build a Hashtag Research Tool That Finds Hidden Gems Olamide Olaniyan Olamide Olaniyan Olamide Olaniyan Follow Jan 12 Build a Hashtag Research Tool That Finds Hidden Gems # webdev # programming # ai # tutorial Comments Add Comment 9 min read EDCA Admission Protocols: Introducing an Explicit Admission Layer for AI Systems yuer yuer yuer Follow Jan 12 EDCA Admission Protocols: Introducing an Explicit Admission Layer for AI Systems # ai # architecture # security # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read Understanding the A2UI Protocol: Building with Java and Spring Boot vishalmysore vishalmysore vishalmysore Follow Jan 10 Understanding the A2UI Protocol: Building with Java and Spring Boot # ai # architecture # springboot # java Comments Add Comment 6 min read Building an Intelligent Product Discovery Agent with Algolia ANIRUDDHA ADAK ANIRUDDHA ADAK ANIRUDDHA ADAK Follow Jan 12 Building an Intelligent Product Discovery Agent with Algolia # devchallenge # algoliachallenge # ai # agents Comments Add Comment 2 min read Alignment Protocol v3.0: Defining Legal Admission Semantics for AI-Controlled Systems yuer yuer yuer Follow Jan 12 Alignment Protocol v3.0: Defining Legal Admission Semantics for AI-Controlled Systems # ai # architecture # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read Under the Hood: VaidhLlama Architecture & Training Pipeline Vivek Patel Vivek Patel Vivek Patel Follow Jan 12 Under the Hood: VaidhLlama Architecture & Training Pipeline # ai # machinelearning # python # finetuning 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read Cuando le dices a tu LLM "No pulses ese botón" Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Joaquin Jose del Cerro Murciano Follow Jan 12 Cuando le dices a tu LLM "No pulses ese botón" # spanish # ai # promptengineering # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 12 min read Human–AI Collaboration in Project Teams — Redefining Leadership and Decision-Making Aaryan Gupta Aaryan Gupta Aaryan Gupta Follow Jan 12 Human–AI Collaboration in Project Teams — Redefining Leadership and Decision-Making # ai # leadership # management # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI Weekly Reflection: Week of 1/6/2026 - 1/12/2026 Empty Chair Empty Chair Empty Chair Follow Jan 12 AI Weekly Reflection: Week of 1/6/2026 - 1/12/2026 # ai # automation # transparency # experiment Comments Add Comment 1 min read Beyond Nested Queries: A Practical Guide to SQL Subquery Flattening SQLFlash SQLFlash SQLFlash Follow Jan 12 Beyond Nested Queries: A Practical Guide to SQL Subquery Flattening # sql # mysql # ai # programming Comments Add Comment 5 min read From ChatGPT to Gemini: How We Built a GDPR-Compliant CV Parser for Odoo DERICK TEMFACK DERICK TEMFACK DERICK TEMFACK Follow Jan 11 From ChatGPT to Gemini: How We Built a GDPR-Compliant CV Parser for Odoo # python # webdev # ai # productivity Comments Add Comment 5 min read My Dashboard: как я превратил старые Android-устройства в кроссплатформенные дашборды с помощью AI и типобезопасного fullstack ILshat Khamitov ILshat Khamitov ILshat Khamitov Follow Jan 11 My Dashboard: как я превратил старые Android-устройства в кроссплатформенные дашборды с помощью AI и типобезопасного fullstack # webdev # javascript # programming # ai Comments Add Comment 1 min read I built a runtime execution kernel for AI agents — not another framework Kashif Sabri Kashif Sabri Kashif Sabri Follow Jan 9 I built a runtime execution kernel for AI agents — not another framework # python # ai # architecture # opensource 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read AI is changing how we build software: here's how to do it safely Colosl Colosl Colosl Follow Jan 11 AI is changing how we build software: here's how to do it safely # ai # cybersecurity # softwaredevelopment Comments Add Comment 6 min read Why n8n Is Quietly Becoming a Power Tool for DevOps & SRE Teams❓ Sahar Batool Sahar Batool Sahar Batool Follow Jan 12 Why n8n Is Quietly Becoming a Power Tool for DevOps & SRE Teams❓ # devops # ai # automation # opensource Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building an Autonomous Medical Pre-Authorization Agent: My Experiment with AI in Healthcare Aniket Hingane Aniket Hingane Aniket Hingane Follow Jan 12 Building an Autonomous Medical Pre-Authorization Agent: My Experiment with AI in Healthcare # ai # python # agents # healthcare 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read The Creator's Paradox in the AI Era: How to Stay Generative When Everything Gets Scraped Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Follow Jan 11 The Creator's Paradox in the AI Era: How to Stay Generative When Everything Gets Scraped # discuss # ai # productivity # career Comments Add Comment 2 min read The Infrastructure Behind Reliable Enterprise AI Agents Yeahia Sarker Yeahia Sarker Yeahia Sarker Follow Jan 12 The Infrastructure Behind Reliable Enterprise AI Agents # agents # ai # architecture Comments Add Comment 4 min read Why Asking for Better Outputs Misses the Real Problem Leena Malhotra Leena Malhotra Leena Malhotra Follow Jan 12 Why Asking for Better Outputs Misses the Real Problem # programming # ai # imagegen # nanobanana 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Agile for Agents Mike Lady Mike Lady Mike Lady Follow Jan 11 Agile for Agents # ai # vibecoding # claudecode Comments Add Comment 13 min read Google's Universal Commerce Protocol: What Developers Need to Know Okkar Kyaw Okkar Kyaw Okkar Kyaw Follow Jan 12 Google's Universal Commerce Protocol: What Developers Need to Know # webdev # ai # gemini Comments Add Comment 4 min read What's new in Webpixels v3 Alexis Enache Alexis Enache Alexis Enache Follow Jan 12 What's new in Webpixels v3 # webdev # programming # ai # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read EU Digital Omnibus: New Requirements for Websites and Online Services Mehwish Malik Mehwish Malik Mehwish Malik Follow Jan 12 EU Digital Omnibus: New Requirements for Websites and Online Services # webdev # ai # beginners # productivity 17 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Create Your First MCP Server in 5 Minutes with create-mcp-server Ali Ibrahim Ali Ibrahim Ali Ibrahim Follow Jan 11 Create Your First MCP Server in 5 Minutes with create-mcp-server # webdev # javascript # ai # programming 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 10 min read Code Coverage Best Practices for Agentic Development Ariel Frischer Ariel Frischer Ariel Frischer Follow Jan 11 Code Coverage Best Practices for Agentic Development # webdev # programming # ai # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Beginners Follow Hide "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." -Chinese Proverb Create Post submission guidelines UPDATED AUGUST 2, 2019 This tag is dedicated to beginners to programming, development, networking, or to a particular language. Everything should be geared towards that! For Questions... Consider using this tag along with #help, if... You are new to a language, or to programming in general, You want an explanation with NO prerequisite knowledge required. You want insight from more experienced developers. Please do not use this tag if you are merely new to a tool, library, or framework. See also, #explainlikeimfive For Articles... Posts should be specifically geared towards true beginners (experience level 0-2 out of 10). 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Older #beginners posts 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Here's what I'm doing to learn Design Patterns Vincent Cavanna Vincent Cavanna Vincent Cavanna Follow Jan 6 Here's what I'm doing to learn Design Patterns # gangof4 # designpatterns # programming # beginners 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why .dev, .app, .page (and 40+ Other TLDs) Don't Respond to WHOIS Serg Petrov Serg Petrov Serg Petrov Follow Jan 6 Why .dev, .app, .page (and 40+ Other TLDs) Don't Respond to WHOIS # webdev # beginners # monitoring # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read HtDP Helped Me Discover DDD Without Ever Mentioning It Alam Asy'arie Alam Asy'arie Alam Asy'arie Follow Jan 5 HtDP Helped Me Discover DDD Without Ever Mentioning It # webdev # ai # javascript # beginners Comments Add Comment 3 min read The 3-Argument Rule: How to Stop "Argument Bankruptcy" Doogal Simpson Doogal Simpson Doogal Simpson Follow Jan 5 The 3-Argument Rule: How to Stop "Argument Bankruptcy" # javascript # beginners # productivity # webdev Comments Add Comment 3 min read The 2026 DevOps Roadmap: What to Learn (and What to Skip) Meena Nukala Meena Nukala Meena Nukala Follow Jan 6 The 2026 DevOps Roadmap: What to Learn (and What to Skip) # tutorial # devops # beginners # roadmap 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Learning Landscape Heightmaps and Sculpting Tools in Unreal Engine (Day 12) Dinesh Dinesh Dinesh Follow Jan 7 Learning Landscape Heightmaps and Sculpting Tools in Unreal Engine (Day 12) # gamedev # unrealengine # beginners # learning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why Is My Android Auto Not Connecting To My Car Tech Fixes Tech Fixes Tech Fixes Follow Jan 7 Why Is My Android Auto Not Connecting To My Car # android # tutorial # beginners # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Algorithms Cheat Sheet: Sorting, Searching, Graphics & More Jawad Ahmed Jawad Ahmed Jawad Ahmed Follow Jan 5 The Algorithms Cheat Sheet: Sorting, Searching, Graphics & More # algorithms # beginners # tutorial # learning Comments 1 comment 16 min read Finally, the difference between print() and return just clicked for me Wassim TOUIR Wassim TOUIR Wassim TOUIR Follow Jan 7 Finally, the difference between print() and return just clicked for me # discuss # beginners # python Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why Gender Equality Matters for Economic and Social Development Niyatul KB Niyatul KB Niyatul KB Follow Jan 7 Why Gender Equality Matters for Economic and Social Development # programming # ai # javascript # beginners Comments Add Comment 5 min read LED Strip Projects: The “Software Bugs” Are Usually Power and Signal emmma emmma emmma Follow Jan 6 LED Strip Projects: The “Software Bugs” Are Usually Power and Signal # beginners # design # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read Challenge 300 projet in 2026 marouane aouzal marouane aouzal marouane aouzal Follow Jan 5 Challenge 300 projet in 2026 # ai # webdev # beginners # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read Distributed Systems & Networking: Full Complete Guide for Beginners! Javad Javad Javad Follow Jan 7 Distributed Systems & Networking: Full Complete Guide for Beginners! # programming # beginners # tutorial # devops 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 105 min read My Interview Experience & Questions Faced (Frontend + JavaScript + SQL) LAKSHMI G LAKSHMI G LAKSHMI G Follow Jan 7 My Interview Experience & Questions Faced (Frontend + JavaScript + SQL) # beginners # career # javascript # sql Comments Add Comment 1 min read How to Create an AI Avatar: A Practical Developer-Oriented Breakdown Herman_Sun Herman_Sun Herman_Sun Follow Jan 6 How to Create an AI Avatar: A Practical Developer-Oriented Breakdown # ai # tutorial # machinelearning # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read How Exactly Are AI Models Deployed? CyberLord CyberLord CyberLord Follow Jan 6 How Exactly Are AI Models Deployed? # ai # beginners # machinelearning # chatgpt Comments Add Comment 4 min read Pattern Matching in Rust Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Follow Jan 5 Pattern Matching in Rust # beginners # programming # rust # tutorial Comments Add Comment 8 min read Extended Thinking: How to Make Claude Actually Think Before It Answers Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Rajesh Royal Follow Jan 7 Extended Thinking: How to Make Claude Actually Think Before It Answers # tutorial # claudecode # productivity # beginners 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Errors during learning (c++) dolphine dolphine dolphine Follow Jan 6 Errors during learning (c++) # beginners # cpp # devjournal # learning Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Complete Windows to Linux Migration Guide MD. HABIBULLAH SHARIF MD. HABIBULLAH SHARIF MD. HABIBULLAH SHARIF Follow Jan 10 The Complete Windows to Linux Migration Guide # windowstolinux # beginners # linux # techguide 4 reactions Comments 5 comments 11 min read How Machine Learning Works? NEBULA DATA NEBULA DATA NEBULA DATA Follow Jan 6 How Machine Learning Works? # ai # beginners # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 3 min read 🪣 Thin Provisioning in LVM – Complete Step by Step Tutorial Usama Tanoli Usama Tanoli Usama Tanoli Follow Jan 6 🪣 Thin Provisioning in LVM – Complete Step by Step Tutorial # beginners # devops # linux # tutorial Comments Add Comment 4 min read SQL INJECTION Rodrino Adolfo Kupessala Rodrino Adolfo Kupessala Rodrino Adolfo Kupessala Follow Jan 11 SQL INJECTION # beginners # sql # security # webdev Comments Add Comment 1 min read The RGB LED Sidequest 💡 Jennifer Davis Jennifer Davis Jennifer Davis Follow Jan 5 The RGB LED Sidequest 💡 # showdev # arduino # hardware # beginners Comments Add Comment 3 min read Chapter 3: Quick Start Henry Lin Henry Lin Henry Lin Follow Jan 5 Chapter 3: Quick Start # beginners # programming # tutorial Comments Add Comment 12 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Security Follow Hide Hopefully not just an afterthought! Create Post submission guidelines Write as you are pleased, be mindful and keep it civil. Older #security posts 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu I built a pre-install security scanner because npm install scared me Domenic Wehkamp Domenic Wehkamp Domenic Wehkamp Follow Jan 10 I built a pre-install security scanner because npm install scared me # javascript # npm # security # opensource 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read Exploring DID-based authentication for A2A Protocol agents 🔐 himi humu himi humu himi humu Follow Jan 4 Exploring DID-based authentication for A2A Protocol agents 🔐 # agents # javascript # security # web3 Comments Add Comment 6 min read JIT-Picking: Exploiting the Logic Gap in Modern JavaScript Engines Neo Neo Neo Follow Jan 4 JIT-Picking: Exploiting the Logic Gap in Modern JavaScript Engines # security # javascript # fuzzing # browsers Comments Add Comment 3 min read Most APIs still handle oversized payloads incorrectly (and it’s a DoS problem) Liudas Liudas Liudas Follow Jan 4 Most APIs still handle oversized payloads incorrectly (and it’s a DoS problem) # api # architecture # performance # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read When AI Decisions Drift Away From Human Accountability, Governance Fails Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 4 When AI Decisions Drift Away From Human Accountability, Governance Fails # discuss # ai # leadership # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read Cuando las decisiones de la IA se alejan de la responsabilidad humana, la gobernanza falla Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 4 Cuando las decisiones de la IA se alejan de la responsabilidad humana, la gobernanza falla # ai # leadership # security # spanish Comments Add Comment 1 min read OAuth Simplified: A Hands-On Breakdown ali eltaib ali eltaib ali eltaib Follow Jan 3 OAuth Simplified: A Hands-On Breakdown # security # tutorial # webdev Comments Add Comment 6 min read How to Prevent Software Piracy in C# Desktop Apps: A Complete Guide Olivier Moussalli Olivier Moussalli Olivier Moussalli Follow Jan 5 How to Prevent Software Piracy in C# Desktop Apps: A Complete Guide # privacy # security # software # csharp Comments Add Comment 5 min read Why I Built DDL to Data DDLTODATA DDLTODATA DDLTODATA Follow Jan 3 Why I Built DDL to Data # showdev # database # devops # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read Building a Secure Password Manager Vibhav Chennamadhava Vibhav Chennamadhava Vibhav Chennamadhava Follow Jan 3 Building a Secure Password Manager # programming # security # cybersecurity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Exploring Runtime Request Inspection in Laravel (Guards, Contexts, and Tradeoffs) Mounir Elsrogy Mounir Elsrogy Mounir Elsrogy Follow Jan 6 Exploring Runtime Request Inspection in Laravel (Guards, Contexts, and Tradeoffs) # architecture # laravel # security 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Lab 03-01: When Malware Fights Back — Analyzing Poison Ivy's Anti-VM Evasion Ramadhan Adam Ramadhan Adam Ramadhan Adam Follow Jan 6 Lab 03-01: When Malware Fights Back — Analyzing Poison Ivy's Anti-VM Evasion # malwareanalysis # reverseengineering # infosec # security Comments Add Comment 6 min read How I Run LLM Agents in a Secure Nix Sandbox Anderson. J Anderson. J Anderson. J Follow Jan 3 How I Run LLM Agents in a Secure Nix Sandbox # linux # security # ai # tooling Comments Add Comment 5 min read Why Auth0 email_verified Was Missing from My Access Token (And How to Fix It) Anand Rathnas Anand Rathnas Anand Rathnas Follow Jan 3 Why Auth0 email_verified Was Missing from My Access Token (And How to Fix It) # auth0 # jwt # security # authentication Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Does SOCKS5 Proxy Login Trigger Account Warnings or Failures When Switching Between Cloud and Local Access? Miller James Miller James Miller James Follow Jan 4 Why Does SOCKS5 Proxy Login Trigger Account Warnings or Failures When Switching Between Cloud and Local Access? # cloud # networking # security Comments Add Comment 12 min read Residential vs Dedicated Proxies: What "Dedicated" Means and How to Decide Miller James Miller James Miller James Follow Jan 5 Residential vs Dedicated Proxies: What "Dedicated" Means and How to Decide # architecture # networking # security Comments Add Comment 15 min read I built a Docker vulnerability scanner - Beta testers wanted!!! Jake Jake Jake Follow Jan 3 I built a Docker vulnerability scanner - Beta testers wanted!!! # showdev # devops # docker # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read Most Security Teams Can’t Scale Access Management Beyond 50 Employees - Here’s how to fix it Muh. Fani "Rama" Akbar Muh. Fani "Rama" Akbar Muh. Fani "Rama" Akbar Follow Jan 3 Most Security Teams Can’t Scale Access Management Beyond 50 Employees - Here’s how to fix it # iam # aws # security # automation Comments Add Comment 6 min read Application Layer: Where Software Meets the Network Araiz Naqvi Araiz Naqvi Araiz Naqvi Follow Jan 3 Application Layer: Where Software Meets the Network # cybersecurity # networking # network # security Comments Add Comment 3 min read Zero-Knowledge Security: Protecting Patient Privacy Through Client-Side Encryption wellallyTech wellallyTech wellallyTech Follow Jan 3 Zero-Knowledge Security: Protecting Patient Privacy Through Client-Side Encryption # privacy # security # react # encryption Comments Add Comment 3 min read Did you know? Raphael Raphael Raphael Follow Jan 3 Did you know? # devops # cloud # aws # security Comments Add Comment 1 min read Malicious Chrome Extensions Steal AI Chats: How to Protect Your Conversations in 2026 Manu Manu Manu Follow Jan 3 Malicious Chrome Extensions Steal AI Chats: How to Protect Your Conversations in 2026 # ai # cybersecurity # privacy # security 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read Designing Secure Plugin Architectures for Desktop Applications Emanuele Balsamo Emanuele Balsamo Emanuele Balsamo Follow for CyberPath Jan 2 Designing Secure Plugin Architectures for Desktop Applications # architecture # plugins # security # development Comments Add Comment 12 min read Designing a Secure AWS Landing Zone with Control Tower (What Most Blogs Don’t Tell You) Amaan Ul Haq Siddiqui Amaan Ul Haq Siddiqui Amaan Ul Haq Siddiqui Follow Jan 4 Designing a Secure AWS Landing Zone with Control Tower (What Most Blogs Don’t Tell You) # architecture # aws # devops # security 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read AiCybr: 60+ Privacy-Focused Tools in One Place OB OB OB Follow Jan 2 AiCybr: 60+ Privacy-Focused Tools in One Place # privacy # productivity # security # resources Comments Add Comment 3 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Amazon Web Services Follow Hide Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a collection of web services for computing, storage, machine learning, security, and more There are over 200+ AWS services as of 2023. Create Post submission guidelines Articles which primary focus is AWS are permitted to used the #aws tag. Older #aws posts 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Framework de Gobernanza para IA Responsable Nathalie Chicaiza Nathalie Chicaiza Nathalie Chicaiza Follow Jan 8 Framework de Gobernanza para IA Responsable # ai # architecture # aws # spanish Comments Add Comment 2 min read Using AWS App Runner to build & host my website Muhammed Ashraf Muhammed Ashraf Muhammed Ashraf Follow Jan 8 Using AWS App Runner to build & host my website # programming # aws # docker Comments Add Comment 3 min read Using Server Sent Events (SSE) to sync Tanstack Db from AWS DynamoDB Johannes Konings Johannes Konings Johannes Konings Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 9 Using Server Sent Events (SSE) to sync Tanstack Db from AWS DynamoDB # aws # cdk # tanstack Comments Add Comment 13 min read AWS Cloud Explained Like a Map, Not a Mess Anusha Kuppili Anusha Kuppili Anusha Kuppili Follow Jan 8 AWS Cloud Explained Like a Map, Not a Mess # aws # cloud # devops # cloudcomputing Comments Add Comment 2 min read Technologies and Concepts: Cloud Practitioner (CLF-C02) Ntombizakhona Mabaso Ntombizakhona Mabaso Ntombizakhona Mabaso Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 8 Technologies and Concepts: Cloud Practitioner (CLF-C02) # aws # cloud # cloudcomputing # cloudpractitioner Comments Add Comment 2 min read Blue Green deployment strategy. Rohan Nalawade Rohan Nalawade Rohan Nalawade Follow Jan 8 Blue Green deployment strategy. # aws # devops # cloudcomputing # kubernetes Comments Add Comment 2 min read Is your monitoring testing strategy chaos? Simon Hanmer Simon Hanmer Simon Hanmer Follow Jan 8 Is your monitoring testing strategy chaos? # aws # chaosengineering # serverless # monitoring Comments Add Comment 5 min read Detecting and Filtering Harmful Content with Amazon Bedrock Guardrails Olawale Adepoju Olawale Adepoju Olawale Adepoju Follow for AWS Community Builders Jan 8 Detecting and Filtering Harmful Content with Amazon Bedrock Guardrails # aws # awsguardrail # ai # amazonbedrock Comments Add Comment 4 min read From Zero to AWS Certified in 30 Days: (SAA-C03) Prince Chaudhary Prince Chaudhary Prince Chaudhary Follow Jan 8 From Zero to AWS Certified in 30 Days: (SAA-C03) # awscertification # aws # cloud # solutionsarchitect Comments Add Comment 2 min read How to Store VideoSDK Cloud Recordings Securely on AWS S3 Tapan Kumar Swain Tapan Kumar Swain Tapan Kumar Swain Follow Jan 8 How to Store VideoSDK Cloud Recordings Securely on AWS S3 # videosdk # aws Comments Add Comment 2 min read Your 30-Minute Morning Monitoring Routine? The Problem Isn't Too Much Data. Yuto Takashi Yuto Takashi Yuto Takashi Follow Jan 8 Your 30-Minute Morning Monitoring Routine? The Problem Isn't Too Much Data. # monitoring # aws # devops # jenkins Comments Add Comment 2 min read AWS Cost Optimization: When Reducing Cross-Zone Data Transfer Actually Costs More Rex Zhen Rex Zhen Rex Zhen Follow Jan 6 AWS Cost Optimization: When Reducing Cross-Zone Data Transfer Actually Costs More # aws # vpc Comments Add Comment 7 min read Building the Next Generation of Voice Agents with Strands Rafael Rodriguez Rafael Rodriguez Rafael Rodriguez Follow Jan 8 Building the Next Generation of Voice Agents with Strands # ai # aws # python # opensource 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read Day 11: Invoking Amazon Titan from AWS Lambda (Serverless GenAI). Eric Rodríguez Eric Rodríguez Eric Rodríguez Follow Jan 6 Day 11: Invoking Amazon Titan from AWS Lambda (Serverless GenAI). # ai # aws # python # serverless Comments Add Comment 1 min read Automating S3 Data Retention by Prefix Using Python (DevOps Automation Story) POTHURAJU JAYAKRISHNA YADAV POTHURAJU JAYAKRISHNA YADAV POTHURAJU JAYAKRISHNA YADAV Follow Jan 8 Automating S3 Data Retention by Prefix Using Python (DevOps Automation Story) # aws # automation # python # devops Comments Add Comment 3 min read Automated EKS Cost Optimization with AWS Config Amine AIT AAZIZI Amine AIT AAZIZI Amine AIT AAZIZI Follow Jan 6 Automated EKS Cost Optimization with AWS Config # eks # kubernetes # aws # finops Comments Add Comment 4 min read Storing large files with DynamoDB and S3 - the easy way Leandro Damascena Leandro Damascena Leandro Damascena Follow Jan 8 Storing large files with DynamoDB and S3 - the easy way # architecture # aws # python # serverless Comments Add Comment 3 min read How I Used Kiro to Optimize Its Own MCP Configuration Danilo Poccia Danilo Poccia Danilo Poccia Follow for AWS Jan 12 How I Used Kiro to Optimize Its Own MCP Configuration # ai # aws # devex # kiro 10 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read The Missing Link: Triggering Serverless Events from Legacy Databases with AWS DMS CK CK CK Follow Jan 7 The Missing Link: Triggering Serverless Events from Legacy Databases with AWS DMS # aws # serverless # architecture # dms Comments Add Comment 4 min read You Don’t Need a Vector Database to Build RAG (Yet): A ~$1/Month DynamoDB Pipeline Matia Rašetina Matia Rašetina Matia Rašetina Follow Jan 12 You Don’t Need a Vector Database to Build RAG (Yet): A ~$1/Month DynamoDB Pipeline # aws # rag # programming # python Comments Add Comment 10 min read How to Monitor Amazon EKS Using Prometheus and Grafana (Without Helm) dinesh kumar dinesh kumar dinesh kumar Follow Jan 8 How to Monitor Amazon EKS Using Prometheus and Grafana (Without Helm) # devops # eks # aws # kubernetes Comments Add Comment 2 min read 7 Best Resources to Learn AWS Stack Overflowed Stack Overflowed Stack Overflowed Follow Jan 8 7 Best Resources to Learn AWS # webdev # cloud # cloudcomputing # aws Comments Add Comment 3 min read OpenLens Cannot Connect to AWS EKS Cluster: executable aws not found Camille Chang Camille Chang Camille Chang Follow Jan 7 OpenLens Cannot Connect to AWS EKS Cluster: executable aws not found # help # aws # kubernetes # tooling Comments Add Comment 1 min read Cost Explorer de AWS Barbara Gaspar Barbara Gaspar Barbara Gaspar Follow Jan 6 Cost Explorer de AWS # aws # finops # costexplorer Comments Add Comment 2 min read Partner AWS y founder de mí propia startup: Vorhealth(reflexión de vacaciones) Paola Ponce Paola Ponce Paola Ponce Follow Jan 7 Partner AWS y founder de mí propia startup: Vorhealth(reflexión de vacaciones) # architecture # aws # devops # startup Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/t/systemdesign/page/5	Systemdesign Page 5 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # systemdesign Follow Hide Create Post Older #systemdesign posts 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu How to build TinyURL yourself Thái Lê Trí Thái Lê Trí Thái Lê Trí Follow Dec 28 '25 How to build TinyURL yourself # systemdesign # springboot # performance # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read The Tick Model SaptakBhoumik SaptakBhoumik SaptakBhoumik Follow Dec 30 '25 The Tick Model # showdev # computerscience # systemdesign # discuss 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why “Smart” AI Still Makes Dumb Decisions preshen Govender preshen Govender preshen Govender Follow Dec 28 '25 Why “Smart” AI Still Makes Dumb Decisions # discuss # ai # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 1 min read Stop Fragmenting Information synthaicode synthaicode synthaicode Follow Dec 27 '25 Stop Fragmenting Information # ai # soft # systemdesign # architecture Comments Add Comment 5 min read EP 9 - Type-Safe APIs: Ending the Frontend-Backend War Hrishikesh Dalal Hrishikesh Dalal Hrishikesh Dalal Follow Dec 28 '25 EP 9 - Type-Safe APIs: Ending the Frontend-Backend War # systemdesign # architecture # typescript # api Comments 1 comment 3 min read Operational Transformation (OT) and CRDTs - Real-Time Collaboration Systems Arghya Majumder Arghya Majumder Arghya Majumder Follow Jan 11 Operational Transformation (OT) and CRDTs - Real-Time Collaboration Systems # systemdesign # algorithms # computerscience # architecture Comments Add Comment 14 min read Revolutionizing Scalability: Exploring Container Orchestration Solutions Visakh Vijayan Visakh Vijayan Visakh Vijayan Follow Dec 28 '25 Revolutionizing Scalability: Exploring Container Orchestration Solutions # systemdesign # architecture # kubernetes # devops Comments Add Comment 2 min read 7 Software Engineering Interview Topics You Should Prepare in 2026 Soma Soma Soma Follow Jan 10 7 Software Engineering Interview Topics You Should Prepare in 2026 # programming # softwareengineering # systemdesign # codinginterview 10 reactions Comments 1 comment 7 min read Plan 9: An Operating System That Treated the Network as Normal Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Follow Dec 30 '25 Plan 9: An Operating System That Treated the Network as Normal # systemdesign # computerscience # architecture # networking 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Scalable Wellness Data: Use the CQRS Pattern to Build Faster Health Dashboards wellallyTech wellallyTech wellallyTech Follow Dec 26 '25 Scalable Wellness Data: Use the CQRS Pattern to Build Faster Health Dashboards # architecture # systemdesign # cqrs # database Comments Add Comment 3 min read Wearable Data Pipelines: Scaling Real-Time Health Insights for Connected Devices wellallyTech wellallyTech wellallyTech Follow Dec 26 '25 Wearable Data Pipelines: Scaling Real-Time Health Insights for Connected Devices # systemdesign # architecture # kafka # healthtech Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why Post-Hoc Moderation Fails in Real-Time Systems yuer yuer yuer Follow Dec 25 '25 Why Post-Hoc Moderation Fails in Real-Time Systems # architecture # security # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read Food Delivery App (Zomato/Swiggy) Arghya Majumder Arghya Majumder Arghya Majumder Follow Jan 9 Food Delivery App (Zomato/Swiggy) # fooddelivery # systemdesign # frontendsystemdesign # frontend Comments Add Comment 30 min read Adding AI Too Early Is a System Design Smell Kajol Shah Kajol Shah Kajol Shah Follow Jan 9 Adding AI Too Early Is a System Design Smell # ai # systemdesign # software # startup Comments 1 comment 2 min read [System Design] Why Is Your App "Overselling"? A Founder's First Lesson in Concurrency AaronWuBuilds AaronWuBuilds AaronWuBuilds Follow Jan 9 [System Design] Why Is Your App "Overselling"? A Founder's First Lesson in Concurrency # systemdesign # startup # webdev # backend Comments Add Comment 4 min read ReAct vs Tool Calling: Why Your LLM Should Decide — But Never Execute Parth Sarthi Sharma Parth Sarthi Sharma Parth Sarthi Sharma Follow Dec 24 '25 ReAct vs Tool Calling: Why Your LLM Should Decide — But Never Execute # ai # langchain # llm # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Learned System Design in 5 Days \| Roadmap for Interviews Sayantan Banerjee Sayantan Banerjee Sayantan Banerjee Follow Dec 24 '25 How I Learned System Design in 5 Days \| Roadmap for Interviews # webdev # systemdesign # programming # career Comments Add Comment 5 min read The Only Safe Way to Import Legacy Docs: Question-Driven Context Integration synthaicode synthaicode synthaicode Follow Dec 25 '25 The Only Safe Way to Import Legacy Docs: Question-Driven Context Integration # ai # systemdesign # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read Atomic Transaction Patterns C# Akkarapon Phikulsri Akkarapon Phikulsri Akkarapon Phikulsri Follow Jan 8 Atomic Transaction Patterns C# # architecture # csharp # dotnet # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 5 min read Scaling Java with Write-Behind Caching William Nogueira William Nogueira William Nogueira Follow Dec 24 '25 Scaling Java with Write-Behind Caching # java # springboot # performance # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read Building AI That Doesn't Lose Its Mind: A Universal Architecture for Stable Memory Systems Aleksandr Kossarev Aleksandr Kossarev Aleksandr Kossarev Follow Jan 6 Building AI That Doesn't Lose Its Mind: A Universal Architecture for Stable Memory Systems # ai # architecture # memory # systemdesign 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 7 min read Chatbot Queue Management: RabbitMQ vs Apache Kafka Chatboq Chatboq Chatboq Follow Dec 24 '25 Chatbot Queue Management: RabbitMQ vs Apache Kafka # api # backend # architecture # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 9 min read 7 Lessons I Learned from Studying Twitter System Design Interview Courses Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Dec 24 '25 7 Lessons I Learned from Studying Twitter System Design Interview Courses # twitter # systemdesign # career # productivity Comments Add Comment 4 min read De la Ingeniería de Sistemas a la Fórmula 1: La IA (Nanobana) para ilustrar un Roadmap Complejo Daniel Daniel Daniel Follow for Datalaria Jan 6 De la Ingeniería de Sistemas a la Fórmula 1: La IA (Nanobana) para ilustrar un Roadmap Complejo # ai # productivity # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 7 min read AI-to-AI Communication: Navigating the Risks in an Interconnected AI Ecosystem John R. Black III John R. Black III John R. Black III Follow Dec 23 '25 AI-to-AI Communication: Navigating the Risks in an Interconnected AI Ecosystem # cybersecurity # ai # systemdesign # zerotrust Comments 4 comments 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. 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https://dev.to/t/systemdesign/page/2	Systemdesign Page 2 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # systemdesign Follow Hide Create Post Older #systemdesign posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Principal Architect Mindset – Self-Questioning Guide Sekar Thangavel Sekar Thangavel Sekar Thangavel Follow Jan 9 Principal Architect Mindset – Self-Questioning Guide # architecture # career # performance # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read 🚀 Cracking the Frontend System Design Interview: A Top-to-Bottom Guide Vishwark Vishwark Vishwark Follow Jan 9 🚀 Cracking the Frontend System Design Interview: A Top-to-Bottom Guide # frontendsystemdesign # frontend # systemdesign # interview Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Startups and IndieDevs Should Choose Monolith First, Lessons From My Micro-SaaS Project, For ... Saber Amani Saber Amani Saber Amani Follow Jan 9 Why Startups and IndieDevs Should Choose Monolith First, Lessons From My Micro-SaaS Project, For ... # softwareengineering # dotnet # systemdesign # devops Comments Add Comment 4 min read AI Orchestration: The Missing Layer Behind Reliable Agentic Systems Yeahia Sarker Yeahia Sarker Yeahia Sarker Follow Jan 9 AI Orchestration: The Missing Layer Behind Reliable Agentic Systems # agents # ai # architecture # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read Google's LEGO tribute 🧩 Jigyasa Grover Jigyasa Grover Jigyasa Grover Follow for Google Developer Experts Jan 9 Google's LEGO tribute 🧩 # computerscience # dataengineering # google # systemdesign 24 reactions Comments 8 comments 1 min read The Knight Capital Law: Why Your CI/CD Pipeline Is a Liability System Design Autopsy System Design Autopsy System Design Autopsy Follow Jan 8 The Knight Capital Law: Why Your CI/CD Pipeline Is a Liability # devops # systemdesign # softwareengineering # programming Comments Add Comment 3 min read System Design Intro #Day-1 VINAY TEJA ARUKALA VINAY TEJA ARUKALA VINAY TEJA ARUKALA Follow Jan 9 System Design Intro #Day-1 # systemdesign # beginners # computerscience # interview Comments Add Comment 2 min read Feature Toggles Without Tech Debt, Strategies for Teams to Avoid Hidden Pitfalls Saber Amani Saber Amani Saber Amani Follow Jan 8 Feature Toggles Without Tech Debt, Strategies for Teams to Avoid Hidden Pitfalls # softwareengineering # dotnet # systemdesign # devops Comments Add Comment 4 min read System Design 101: A Clear & Simple Introduction (With a Real-World Analogy) Vishwark Vishwark Vishwark Follow Jan 8 System Design 101: A Clear & Simple Introduction (With a Real-World Analogy) # systemdesign # architecture # beginners # careerdevelopment Comments Add Comment 3 min read Here’s How You Nail the Netflix System Design Interview With The Right Resources Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Jan 8 Here’s How You Nail the Netflix System Design Interview With The Right Resources # netflix # systemdesign # career # productivity Comments Add Comment 4 min read 🚀 The "Thundering Herd": Why Your App Might Crash When It Wakes Up 🐎💥 charan koppuravuri charan koppuravuri charan koppuravuri Follow Jan 12 🚀 The "Thundering Herd": Why Your App Might Crash When It Wakes Up 🐎💥 # systemdesign # beginners # backend # architecture Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Every Critical System Needs Multi-Party Authorization (Even If You're Not Building AI) John R. Black III John R. Black III John R. Black III Follow Jan 6 Why Every Critical System Needs Multi-Party Authorization (Even If You're Not Building AI) # ai # cybersecurity # zerotrust # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 5 min read System Design in 2026: The Complete Guide (18,500 words) Akhilesh Akhilesh Akhilesh Follow Jan 7 System Design in 2026: The Complete Guide (18,500 words) # systemdesign # softwareengineering # backend # engineering 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Best Apple System Design Interview Resources I Used (And How They Helped Me) Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Jan 6 Best Apple System Design Interview Resources I Used (And How They Helped Me) # resources # career # systemdesign # productivity Comments Add Comment 5 min read Kafka Ingestion & Processing at Scale \| Rajamohan Jabbala j raja mohan j raja mohan j raja mohan Follow Jan 7 Kafka Ingestion & Processing at Scale \| Rajamohan Jabbala # kafka # architecture # scalability # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read 7 Must-Have Amazon System Design Interview Resources to Nail Your Prep Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Jan 6 7 Must-Have Amazon System Design Interview Resources to Nail Your Prep # aws # career # resources # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read Designing for Failure: Building Reliable Crypto-to-Utility Payments with Provider Failover Yusuf Adeniyi Yusuf Adeniyi Yusuf Adeniyi Follow Jan 8 Designing for Failure: Building Reliable Crypto-to-Utility Payments with Provider Failover # architecture # fintech # backend # systemdesign 2 reactions Comments 2 comments 3 min read 5 Software Architecture Patterns Every Developer Should Know archmentor.dev archmentor.dev archmentor.dev Follow Jan 7 5 Software Architecture Patterns Every Developer Should Know # architecture # microservices # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read Analytical Capability Is Not Authority: A Critical Boundary in AI-Enabled Systems Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Antonio Jose Socorro Marin Follow Jan 8 Analytical Capability Is Not Authority: A Critical Boundary in AI-Enabled Systems # ai # architecture # leadership # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 1 min read My Key Takeaways from DDIA Chapter 1: Reliability, Scalability, and Maintainability Faizan Firdousi Faizan Firdousi Faizan Firdousi Follow Jan 7 My Key Takeaways from DDIA Chapter 1: Reliability, Scalability, and Maintainability # systemdesign # distributedsystems # architecture # computerscience Comments Add Comment 2 min read Formal Semantics as the Missing Control Layer for AI-Assisted Software Engineering Sven A. Schäfer Sven A. Schäfer Sven A. Schäfer Follow Jan 6 Formal Semantics as the Missing Control Layer for AI-Assisted Software Engineering # ai # softwareengineering # architecture # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 5 min read Why Having More Data Still Slows Decisions Gyan Solutions Gyan Solutions Gyan Solutions Follow Jan 5 Why Having More Data Still Slows Decisions # operations # devops # systemdesign # brightdatachallenge Comments Add Comment 6 min read System Design : Calendar App Shalini Goyall Shalini Goyall Shalini Goyall Follow Jan 6 System Design : Calendar App # systemdesign # interview # softwareengineering # calendar Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building a Lightweight ERP Core with Clean Architecture (Lessons Learned) Hoang Le Hoang Le Hoang Le Follow Jan 6 Building a Lightweight ERP Core with Clean Architecture (Lessons Learned) # architecture # learning # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read Is This Thing On? Welcome to Rhiza's Kernel Chronicles fwdslsh fwdslsh fwdslsh Follow Jan 6 Is This Thing On? Welcome to Rhiza's Kernel Chronicles # agentic # kernel # architecture # systemdesign 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 9 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Machine Learning Follow Hide A branch of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science which focuses on the use of data and algorithms to imitate the way that humans learn, gradually improving its accuracy. Create Post submission guidelines Articles and discussions should be directly related to the machine learning. Questions are encouraged! (See the #help tag) Older #machinelearning posts 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu The Incomputability of Simple Learning Alex Towell Alex Towell Alex Towell Follow Jan 7 The Incomputability of Simple Learning # machinelearning # philosophy # ai # bitterlesson Comments Add Comment 10 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #107: Honest Report - System NOT Following Phil Town (Jan 7, 2026) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 7 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #107: Honest Report - System NOT Following Phil Town (Jan 7, 2026) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to Evaluate ML Models Step by Step likhitha manikonda likhitha manikonda likhitha manikonda Follow Jan 6 How to Evaluate ML Models Step by Step # ai # machinelearning # beginners # programming Comments Add Comment 5 min read "LLMs Can Do Everything": Autopsy of a Myth Mickaël Andrieu Mickaël Andrieu Mickaël Andrieu Follow Jan 6 "LLMs Can Do Everything": Autopsy of a Myth # machinelearning # datascience # python # ai Comments Add Comment 7 min read TTT-E2E: The AI Model That Learns While It Reads (Goodbye Traditional Attention?) Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Follow Jan 5 TTT-E2E: The AI Model That Learns While It Reads (Goodbye Traditional Attention?) # ai # machinelearning # python # research Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI Is New. Quality Debt Is Not. Adnan Arif Adnan Arif Adnan Arif Follow Jan 7 AI Is New. Quality Debt Is Not. # ai # machinelearning # technology Comments Add Comment 4 min read LLMs for Classification: One Example is All You Need Mickaël Andrieu Mickaël Andrieu Mickaël Andrieu Follow Jan 6 LLMs for Classification: One Example is All You Need # machinelearning # datascience # python # ai 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #095: Daily Trading Workflow Failure (Jan 7, 2026) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 7 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #095: Daily Trading Workflow Failure (Jan 7, 2026) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #094: Daily Trading Workflow Not Triggering (Jan 7, 2026) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 7 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #094: Daily Trading Workflow Not Triggering (Jan 7, 2026) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Anthropic Let Claude Run a Real Business. It Went Bankrupt. Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Follow Jan 5 Anthropic Let Claude Run a Real Business. It Went Bankrupt. # ai # machinelearning # anthropic # automation Comments Add Comment 2 min read TTT-E2E: The AI Model That Learns While It Reads (Goodbye KV Cache?) Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Follow Jan 5 TTT-E2E: The AI Model That Learns While It Reads (Goodbye KV Cache?) # ai # machinelearning # research # python Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Roboflow Universe Search Agent: Automating ML Model Discovery Sumit Sapkota Sumit Sapkota Sumit Sapkota Follow Jan 5 Building a Roboflow Universe Search Agent: Automating ML Model Discovery # showdev # automation # machinelearning # python Comments Add Comment 3 min read Understanding Python Virtual Environments: Why Every Python Developer Needs Them Kenechukwu Anoliefo Kenechukwu Anoliefo Kenechukwu Anoliefo Follow Jan 6 Understanding Python Virtual Environments: Why Every Python Developer Needs Them # machinelearning # mlzoomcamp # python Comments Add Comment 3 min read From Paper Policies to Intelligent Platforms: Insurance’s Digital Reset Paridhi Purohit Paridhi Purohit Paridhi Purohit Follow Jan 6 From Paper Policies to Intelligent Platforms: Insurance’s Digital Reset # ai # datascience # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 4 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #095: Trading Workflow Regression - Jan 7, 2026 Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 7 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #095: Trading Workflow Regression - Jan 7, 2026 # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 1 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #093: CI Triggering Blocked Without GitHub PAT (Jan 7, 2026) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 7 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #093: CI Triggering Blocked Without GitHub PAT (Jan 7, 2026) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Chain Rule in Machine Learning: A Simple Walkthrough Rijul Rajesh Rijul Rajesh Rijul Rajesh Follow Jan 5 Chain Rule in Machine Learning: A Simple Walkthrough # machinelearning 15 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read TTT-E2E: The AI Model That Learns While It Reads (Goodbye KV Cache?) Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Claudius Papirus Follow Jan 5 TTT-E2E: The AI Model That Learns While It Reads (Goodbye KV Cache?) # ai # machinelearning # python # research Comments Add Comment 2 min read Mixture of Experts (MoE) Gideon Onyewuenyi Gideon Onyewuenyi Gideon Onyewuenyi Follow Jan 5 Mixture of Experts (MoE) # ai # agents # machinelearning # moe Comments Add Comment 2 min read Day 0 (Planning): Building my personal AI assistant that runs locally. Prakhar Khandelwal Prakhar Khandelwal Prakhar Khandelwal Follow Jan 6 Day 0 (Planning): Building my personal AI assistant that runs locally. # ai # machinelearning # llm 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read How GeoAI Unravels Earth’s Secrets: A Deep Exploration Koushik Vishal Annamalai Koushik Vishal Annamalai Koushik Vishal Annamalai Follow Jan 5 How GeoAI Unravels Earth’s Secrets: A Deep Exploration # ai # machinelearning # python # gis Comments Add Comment 4 min read Building a Production-Ready Traffic Violation Detection System with Computer Vision Harris Bashir Harris Bashir Harris Bashir Follow Jan 11 Building a Production-Ready Traffic Violation Detection System with Computer Vision # computervision # machinelearning # ai # dataengineering 6 reactions Comments 2 comments 3 min read Understanding the Dataset Behind a Fraud Detection Model Kenechukwu Anoliefo Kenechukwu Anoliefo Kenechukwu Anoliefo Follow Jan 6 Understanding the Dataset Behind a Fraud Detection Model # mlzoomcamp # datascience # machinelearning # ai Comments Add Comment 3 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #093: Google Recommender CAV Not Useful for Trading Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 7 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #093: Google Recommender CAV Not Useful for Trading # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Fraud Detection Model: My Experience as a Data Scientist Kenechukwu Anoliefo Kenechukwu Anoliefo Kenechukwu Anoliefo Follow Jan 6 Building a Fraud Detection Model: My Experience as a Data Scientist # career # datascience # machinelearning # mlzoomcamp Comments Add Comment 3 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close News Follow Hide Expect to see announcements of new and updated products, services, and features for languages & frameworks. You also will find high-level news relevant to the tech and software development industry covered here. Create Post submission guidelines When to use this tag : new service or product launched service, product, framework, library or language itself got updated (brief summary must be included as well as the source) covering broader tech industry/development news When NOT to use this tag : general news from media to promote people political posts to talk about personal goals (for example "I started to meditate every morning to increase my productivity" is nothing for this tag). about #news Use this tag to announce new products, services, or tools recently launched or updated. Notable changes in frameworks, libraries, or languages are ideal to cover. General tech industry news with a software development slant is also acceptable. This tag is not to be used for promotion of people, personal goals, or news unrelated to software development. Older #news posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Tech Pulse: December 23, 2025 - AI, Cybersecurity & Development News Roundup krlz krlz krlz Follow Dec 23 '25 Tech Pulse: December 23, 2025 - AI, Cybersecurity & Development News Roundup # news # security # ai # webdev Comments 1 comment 3 min read Containerization 2025: Why containerd 2.0 and eBPF are Changing Everything DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 22 '25 Containerization 2025: Why containerd 2.0 and eBPF are Changing Everything # news # docker # kubernetes # devops Comments Add Comment 9 min read I Built a News App Because Indian Media Made Me Angry Ojas Kale Ojas Kale Ojas Kale Follow Dec 26 '25 I Built a News App Because Indian Media Made Me Angry # news # startup # showdev # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Your December 2025 AI Coffee Break: 5 Major Developments You Need to Know Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Dec 22 '25 Your December 2025 AI Coffee Break: 5 Major Developments You Need to Know # news # ai # machinelearning # technology Comments Add Comment 5 min read YouTube launches AI-powered Playables Builder beta to let creators design andshare their own games Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Follow Dec 23 '25 YouTube launches AI-powered Playables Builder beta to let creators design andshare their own games # news # ai # gamedev Comments Add Comment 2 min read dbt & Airflow in 2025: Why These Data Powerhouses Are Redefining Engineering DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 21 '25 dbt & Airflow in 2025: Why These Data Powerhouses Are Redefining Engineering # news # dataengineering # etl # datapipeline Comments Add Comment 11 min read Alibaba Qwen Launches Open-Sourced Qwen-Image-Layered with Photoshop-GradeLayering Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Follow Dec 22 '25 Alibaba Qwen Launches Open-Sourced Qwen-Image-Layered with Photoshop-GradeLayering # news # tooling # ai # opensource Comments Add Comment 2 min read AWS Lambda & S3 Express One Zone: A 2025 Deep Dive into re:Invent 2023's Impact DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 21 '25 AWS Lambda & S3 Express One Zone: A 2025 Deep Dive into re:Invent 2023's Impact # news # aws # cloud # serverless Comments Add Comment 8 min read I Built an AI-Powered Trend Analysis Tool Using the Virlo API (Here's How It Works) Arjun Vijay Prakash Arjun Vijay Prakash Arjun Vijay Prakash Follow Jan 8 I Built an AI-Powered Trend Analysis Tool Using the Virlo API (Here's How It Works) # news # python # ai # api 26 reactions Comments 7 comments 5 min read GitHub Actions & Codespaces: Why 2025's Updates Are a Must-Know for Devs DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 20 '25 GitHub Actions & Codespaces: Why 2025's Updates Are a Must-Know for Devs # news # github # devtools # automation Comments Add Comment 10 min read Your Morning AI Briefing: Major Funding Rounds, Security Concerns, and Industry Predictions for 2026 Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Dec 20 '25 Your Morning AI Briefing: Major Funding Rounds, Security Concerns, and Industry Predictions for 2026 # news # ai # technology # webdev Comments Add Comment 5 min read AI Coding Assistants in 2025: Why They Still Fail at Complex Tasks DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 20 '25 AI Coding Assistants in 2025: Why They Still Fail at Complex Tasks # news # ai # devtools # github Comments Add Comment 11 min read Introducing ProXPL: A Modern Programming Language Built from Scratch Prog. Kanishk Raj Prog. Kanishk Raj Prog. Kanishk Raj Follow Dec 22 '25 Introducing ProXPL: A Modern Programming Language Built from Scratch # news # programming # beginners # showdev 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read I built LoveToRead.ai – Create personalized children's books with AI Maxwell - IndieDev Maxwell - IndieDev Maxwell - IndieDev Follow Dec 20 '25 I built LoveToRead.ai – Create personalized children's books with AI # news # webdev # ai # education Comments Add Comment 3 min read Game Dev Digest — Issue #311 - Better Performance, and more Game Dev Digest - The Newsletter On Unity Game Dev Game Dev Digest - The Newsletter On Unity Game Dev Game Dev Digest - The Newsletter On Unity Game Dev Follow Dec 19 '25 Game Dev Digest — Issue #311 - Better Performance, and more # news # gamedev # unity3d # csharp Comments Add Comment 11 min read TypeScript 5.4-5.6: The Essential Features You Need to Master in 2025 DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 19 '25 TypeScript 5.4-5.6: The Essential Features You Need to Master in 2025 # news # typescript # javascript # programming Comments Add Comment 8 min read Google DeepMind launches Gemma Scope 2 interpretability suite to boost AI safetyresearch Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Saiki Sarkar Follow Dec 20 '25 Google DeepMind launches Gemma Scope 2 interpretability suite to boost AI safetyresearch # news # google # ai # deeplearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Has Ai Become Too Easy What MiMo-V2 Flash Reveals About the New Reality of AI Progress Michael Michael Michael Follow Dec 18 '25 Has Ai Become Too Easy What MiMo-V2 Flash Reveals About the New Reality of AI Progress # discuss # ai # news 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Irish Techie Table Quiz 2025 - Update whykay 👩🏻‍💻🐈🏳️‍🌈 (she/her) whykay 👩🏻‍💻🐈🏳️‍🌈 (she/her) whykay 👩🏻‍💻🐈🏳️‍🌈 (she/her) Follow Dec 23 '25 Irish Techie Table Quiz 2025 - Update # news # community # watercooler Comments Add Comment 1 min read Mastering Customer Engagement: The Power of Asterisk & WebRTC Integration Ecosmob Technologies Ecosmob Technologies Ecosmob Technologies Follow Dec 19 '25 Mastering Customer Engagement: The Power of Asterisk & WebRTC Integration # news # voip # webrtc # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read npm Security 2025: Why Provenance and Sigstore Change Everything DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 22 '25 npm Security 2025: Why Provenance and Sigstore Change Everything # news # npm # javascript # security Comments Add Comment 11 min read SAM 3 Is Here: Meta's Latest Vision AI Can Now Understand Your Words ARmedia ARmedia ARmedia Follow Dec 18 '25 SAM 3 Is Here: Meta's Latest Vision AI Can Now Understand Your Words # news # ai # deeplearning 5 reactions Comments 1 comment 4 min read The Evolving Landscape of Data Formats: JSON, YAML, and the Rise of Specialized Standards in 2025 DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 18 '25 The Evolving Landscape of Data Formats: JSON, YAML, and the Rise of Specialized Standards in 2025 # news # json # data # standards Comments Add Comment 8 min read Is English the New Programming Language? Mariem Khedhiri Mariem Khedhiri Mariem Khedhiri Follow Jan 1 Is English the New Programming Language? # discuss # programming # ai # news 2 reactions Comments 5 comments 2 min read Kubernetes 1.35 Security: 7 Game-Changing Features Released Today (DevSecOps Must-Know) inboryn inboryn inboryn Follow Dec 17 '25 Kubernetes 1.35 Security: 7 Game-Changing Features Released Today (DevSecOps Must-Know) # news # kubernetes # devops # security Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Beginners Follow Hide "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step." -Chinese Proverb Create Post submission guidelines UPDATED AUGUST 2, 2019 This tag is dedicated to beginners to programming, development, networking, or to a particular language. Everything should be geared towards that! For Questions... Consider using this tag along with #help, if... You are new to a language, or to programming in general, You want an explanation with NO prerequisite knowledge required. You want insight from more experienced developers. Please do not use this tag if you are merely new to a tool, library, or framework. See also, #explainlikeimfive For Articles... Posts should be specifically geared towards true beginners (experience level 0-2 out of 10). 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Older #beginners posts 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Building Custom Composite Components with STDF in Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Building Custom Composite Components with STDF in Svelte # webdev # programming # javascript # beginners Comments Add Comment 7 min read Interactive Program Developement - Semester Project Aleena Mubashar Aleena Mubashar Aleena Mubashar Follow Jan 10 Interactive Program Developement - Semester Project # discuss # programming # beginners # computerscience Comments 1 comment 4 min read Neiler-64 Neil Neil Neil Follow Jan 10 Neiler-64 # programming # ai # beginners # opensource Comments Add Comment 2 min read Mastering React DevTools: A Comprehensive Guide to Efficient Debugging Beleke Ian Beleke Ian Beleke Ian Follow Jan 11 Mastering React DevTools: A Comprehensive Guide to Efficient Debugging # programming # react # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read Quark's Outlines: Python Arithmetic Conversions Mike Vincent Mike Vincent Mike Vincent Follow Jan 10 Quark's Outlines: Python Arithmetic Conversions # python # programming # beginners # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read HTML-101 #2. Structure of HTML Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Follow Jan 10 HTML-101 #2. Structure of HTML # discuss # webdev # beginners # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 8 min read Inside Git: How its works and the role of the .git folder Debashis Das Debashis Das Debashis Das Follow Jan 10 Inside Git: How its works and the role of the .git folder # git # beginners # tutorial # architecture Comments Add Comment 3 min read HTML-101 #3. Comments & Naming Convention Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Follow Jan 10 HTML-101 #3. Comments & Naming Convention # discuss # webdev # beginners # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building Accessible Forms with Skeleton in Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Building Accessible Forms with Skeleton in Svelte # webdev # programming # javascript # beginners Comments Add Comment 7 min read Why using Elasticsearch was bad because I needed real-time data retrieval, not just fast searching Saif Ullah Usmani Saif Ullah Usmani Saif Ullah Usmani Follow Jan 10 Why using Elasticsearch was bad because I needed real-time data retrieval, not just fast searching # webdev # devops # beginners # career 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Turned a Static Character into a Moving One in Unreal Engine Dinesh Dinesh Dinesh Follow Jan 10 How I Turned a Static Character into a Moving One in Unreal Engine # gamedev # unrealengine # beginners # animation Comments Add Comment 2 min read Introduction to DevOps #4. What Problems DevOps Solves Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Follow Jan 12 Introduction to DevOps #4. What Problems DevOps Solves # discuss # devops # cloud # beginners 8 reactions Comments 2 comments 3 min read Met and fixed(not sure) a issue where hires_fix paramaters saved wrongly when using dynamic prompts ragnaDolphin ragnaDolphin ragnaDolphin Follow Jan 10 Met and fixed(not sure) a issue where hires_fix paramaters saved wrongly when using dynamic prompts # ai # python # beginners Comments Add Comment 1 min read Getting Started with Docker Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Jan 9 Getting Started with Docker # docker # devops # tutorial # beginners Comments Add Comment 1 min read HTML-101 #4. HTML Headings, Paragraphs & Line Breaks Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Follow Jan 10 HTML-101 #4. HTML Headings, Paragraphs & Line Breaks # webdev # html # beginners # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Getting Started with Basic Components in svar-core for Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Getting Started with Basic Components in svar-core for Svelte # javascript # beginners # tutorial # programming Comments Add Comment 6 min read # Why Version Control Exists: The Pendrive Problem saiyam gupta saiyam gupta saiyam gupta Follow Jan 10 # Why Version Control Exists: The Pendrive Problem # beginners # git # softwaredevelopment 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🚨 React Re-render Methods: Reference Matters! muthu raja muthu raja muthu raja Follow Jan 11 🚨 React Re-render Methods: Reference Matters! # react # beginners # webdev # programming Comments 1 comment 1 min read Dev Retro 2025: Journey in review Dhanush N Dhanush N Dhanush N Follow Jan 10 Dev Retro 2025: Journey in review # devchallenge # newyearchallenge # career # beginners 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read The Real ROI of TypeScript: Beyond Catching Typos Tarun Moorjani Tarun Moorjani Tarun Moorjani Follow Jan 9 The Real ROI of TypeScript: Beyond Catching Typos # discuss # programming # typescript # beginners Comments Add Comment 10 min read Getting Started with Amazon CloudWatch for Beginners Gayatri Sonawane Gayatri Sonawane Gayatri Sonawane Follow Jan 9 Getting Started with Amazon CloudWatch for Beginners # aws # beginners # devops # monitoring Comments Add Comment 1 min read Hello DEV! I’m Shubhankar Basak: Web Developer & BCS Student Shubhankar Basak Shubhankar Basak Shubhankar Basak Follow Jan 10 Hello DEV! I’m Shubhankar Basak: Web Developer & BCS Student # welcome # webdev # beginners # career Comments Add Comment 1 min read MINI PROJECT: String Analyzer Jyoti Jingar Jyoti Jingar Jyoti Jingar Follow Jan 10 MINI PROJECT: String Analyzer # showdev # beginners # python # tutorial Comments Add Comment 1 min read Testing VPC connectivity - A quick hands-on Jeya Shri Jeya Shri Jeya Shri Follow Jan 10 Testing VPC connectivity - A quick hands-on # cloud # aws # vpc # beginners Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building Your First Game on Midnight: A Complete Developer Tutorial UtkarshVarma UtkarshVarma UtkarshVarma Follow Jan 9 Building Your First Game on Midnight: A Complete Developer Tutorial # beginners # gamedev # tutorial # web3 Comments Add Comment 13 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/t/performance/page/75	Performance Page 75 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Performance Follow Hide Tag for content related to software performance. Create Post submission guidelines Articles should be obviously related to software performance in some way. Possible topics include, but are not limited to: Performance Testing Performance Analysis Optimising for performance Scalability Resilience But most of all, be kind and humble. 💜 Older #performance posts 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Load Testing Microservices Anton Moldovan Anton Moldovan Anton Moldovan Follow for NBomber May 2 '25 Load Testing Microservices # nbomber # loadtesting # performance # microservices Comments Add Comment 4 min read How to Handle Millions of Rows in SQL Without Killing Performance Jonathan Jonathan Jonathan Follow Jun 3 '25 How to Handle Millions of Rows in SQL Without Killing Performance # database # sql # performance 29 reactions Comments 1 comment 2 min read Zustand x Context API: Quem Rerenderiza Menos? Weverton Rodrigues Weverton Rodrigues Weverton Rodrigues Follow Jun 3 '25 Zustand x Context API: Quem Rerenderiza Menos? # react # zustand # contextapi # performance 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 6 min read Stop Over-Rerenders: Smarter State Sharing in React with `useContextSelector` sperez927 sperez927 sperez927 Follow Jun 3 '25 Stop Over-Rerenders: Smarter State Sharing in React with `useContextSelector` # react # performance # redux # frontend Comments Add Comment 1 min read Image Optimization in Vue with Unpic Jakub Andrzejewski Jakub Andrzejewski Jakub Andrzejewski Follow Jun 2 '25 Image Optimization in Vue with Unpic # vue # performance # tutorial # typescript 7 reactions Comments 2 comments 2 min read 📦 Stacks & Queues: Two Sides of the Same Coin OneDev OneDev OneDev Follow Jun 2 '25 📦 Stacks & Queues: Two Sides of the Same Coin # datastructures # algorithms # performance # programming 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read C# Performance Optimization: From Beginner to Expert Maria Maria Maria Follow Jun 2 '25 C# Performance Optimization: From Beginner to Expert # csharp # performance # optimization # benchmarking 2 reactions Comments 3 comments 4 min read 5 Mobile App Test Tools Every Developer Should Know Maria Bueno Maria Bueno Maria Bueno Follow Apr 30 '25 5 Mobile App Test Tools Every Developer Should Know # testing # automation # performance # powerautomate 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read Monitoring API Requests and Responses for System Health Adrian Machado Adrian Machado Adrian Machado Follow for Zuplo Apr 29 '25 Monitoring API Requests and Responses for System Health # performance # api Comments Add Comment 11 min read Boost API Performance During Peak Traffic: Tips & Tricks Adrian Machado Adrian Machado Adrian Machado Follow for Zuplo Apr 29 '25 Boost API Performance During Peak Traffic: Tips & Tricks # performance # api Comments Add Comment 11 min read Lazy Loading Isn’t Just for Images: What Else Can You Delay? Pradeep Pradeep Pradeep Follow Jun 1 '25 Lazy Loading Isn’t Just for Images: What Else Can You Delay? # webdev # performance # javascript # frontend 8 reactions Comments 6 comments 3 min read Efficient Data Processing with PHP Generators Eddie Goldman Eddie Goldman Eddie Goldman Follow Jun 1 '25 Efficient Data Processing with PHP Generators # php # generators # performance 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Demystifying Browser Rendering: A Developer's Guide to the Pixel Pipeline Abdul Rehman Khan Abdul Rehman Khan Abdul Rehman Khan Follow Apr 28 '25 Demystifying Browser Rendering: A Developer's Guide to the Pixel Pipeline # webdev # performance # browsers # frontend Comments Add Comment 2 min read EXTRA: Fibonacci Sequence OneDev OneDev OneDev Follow Apr 28 '25 EXTRA: Fibonacci Sequence # fibonacci # performance # algorithms # datastructures Comments Add Comment 1 min read The Truth About Preloading in Modern Web Mikita Himpel Mikita Himpel Mikita Himpel Follow Jun 1 '25 The Truth About Preloading in Modern Web # javascript # react # frontend # performance Comments Add Comment 4 min read Here is what Claude 4 sonnet is talking about me Ha3k Ha3k Ha3k Follow Jun 1 '25 Here is what Claude 4 sonnet is talking about me # performance # resume # career # careerdevelopment Comments Add Comment 7 min read Burn: The Next-Gen Deep Learning Framework That Will Blow Your Mind GitHubOpenSource GitHubOpenSource GitHubOpenSource Follow May 21 '25 Burn: The Next-Gen Deep Learning Framework That Will Blow Your Mind # deep # rust # gpu # performance 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Hidden Laravel 11 Eloquent Superpowers You Should Start Using Today! Laravel Daily tips Laravel Daily tips Laravel Daily tips Follow Jun 18 '25 Hidden Laravel 11 Eloquent Superpowers You Should Start Using Today! # laravel # php # performance # howto Comments 1 comment 1 min read Secure, Scalable, and Smart: A Deep Dive into Exchange Online Plan 2 Roshan karki Roshan karki Roshan karki Follow Jun 1 '25 Secure, Scalable, and Smart: A Deep Dive into Exchange Online Plan 2 # productivity # performance # microsoft Comments Add Comment 4 min read The Scaling Gauntlet: The Art of Query Archaeology John Munn John Munn John Munn Follow Jun 12 '25 The Scaling Gauntlet: The Art of Query Archaeology # database # backend # performance # scalability Comments 1 comment 5 min read Boosting Your Node.js Applications with the Cluster Module Geampiere Jaramillo Geampiere Jaramillo Geampiere Jaramillo Follow Apr 27 '25 Boosting Your Node.js Applications with the Cluster Module # backend # node # performance # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read Queues in JavaScript Alain D'Ettorre Alain D'Ettorre Alain D'Ettorre Follow May 1 '25 Queues in JavaScript # javascript # datastructures # performance # benchmark Comments Add Comment 3 min read Week 1 – You’re Not Stuck - You Just Skipped the Basics: Understanding the CPU Adam Neves Adam Neves Adam Neves Follow May 30 '25 Week 1 – You’re Not Stuck - You Just Skipped the Basics: Understanding the CPU # computerscience # development # lowcode # performance 6 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read Unit Tests... When and Where?🤔🧪 PatrickBastosDeveloper PatrickBastosDeveloper PatrickBastosDeveloper Follow May 30 '25 Unit Tests... When and Where?🤔🧪 # unittest # tdd # performance Comments Add Comment 1 min read The Science Behind PDF Compression Algorithms Calum Calum Calum Follow May 31 '25 The Science Behind PDF Compression Algorithms # pdf # performance # optimization # webdev Comments Add Comment 8 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://www.highlight.io/docs/general/changelog/overview	Changelog Overview Star us on GitHub Star Docs Sign in Sign up General Docs Welcome to highlight.io Get Started Roadmap Company Values Compliance & Security Open Source Contributing Overview GraphQL Backend Frontend (app.highlight.io) Landing Site (highlight.io) Documentation End to End SDK Example Apps Adding an SDK Application Architecture GitHub Code Spaces Code Style Good First Issues Self-hosting Self-hosted [Dev] Self-hosted [Hobby] Self-hosted [Enterprise] Telemetry Our Competitors Product Philosophy Product Features Session Replay Overview Canvas & Iframe Dev-tool Window Recording Tracking Users & Recording Events Filtering Sessions GraphQL Live Mode Performance Impact Player Session Caching Rage Clicks Request Proxying Session Search Extracting the Session URL Session Search Deep Linking Shadow Dom + Web Components Error Monitoring Overview Enhancing Errors with GitHub Error Search Filtering Errors Grouping Errors Managing Errors Manually Reporting Errors Sourcemaps General Features Overview Alerts Comments Digests Environments Search Segments Services Webhooks Logging Overview Log Alerts Log Search Tracing Overview Trace Search Dashboards Overview Dashboard Management Metrics Tutorials Service Latency Web Vitals & Page Speed User Engagement User Analytics Graphing Drilldown Event Search Dashboard Variables SQL Editor Metrics (beta) Overview Frequently Asked Questions. Integrations Integrations Overview Amplitude Integration ClickUp Integration Discord Integration Electron Support Front Integration GitHub Integration Grafana Integration Overview Setup Dashboards Alerts Height Integration Intercom Integration Jira Integration LaunchDarkly Integration Linear Integration Mixpanel Integration Nuxt Integration Pendo Integration Segment Integration Slack Integration Vercel Integration WordPress Plugin Highlight.io Changelog Overview Changelog 12 (02/17) Changelog 13 (02/24) Changelog 14 (03/03) Changelog 15 (03/11) Changelog 16 (03/19) Changelog 17 (04/07) Changelog 18 (04/26) Changelog 19 (05/22) Changelog 20 (06/06) Changelog 21 (06/21) Changelog 22 (08/07) Changelog 23 (08/22) Changelog 24 (09/11) Changelog 25 (10/03) Changelog 26 (11/08) Changelog 27 (12/22) Changelog 28 (3/6) Changelog 29 (4/2) Menu Highlight Docs Welcome to highlight.io Get Started Roadmap Company Values Compliance & Security Open Source Contributing Overview GraphQL Backend Frontend (app.highlight.io) Landing Site (highlight.io) Documentation End to End SDK Example Apps Adding an SDK Application Architecture GitHub Code Spaces Code Style Good First Issues Self-hosting Self-hosted [Dev] Self-hosted [Hobby] Self-hosted [Enterprise] Telemetry Our Competitors Product Philosophy Product Features Session Replay Overview Canvas & Iframe Dev-tool Window Recording Tracking Users & Recording Events Filtering Sessions GraphQL Live Mode Performance Impact Player Session Caching Rage Clicks Request Proxying Session Search Extracting the Session URL Session Search Deep Linking Shadow Dom + Web Components Error Monitoring Overview Enhancing Errors with GitHub Error Search Filtering Errors Grouping Errors Managing Errors Manually Reporting Errors Sourcemaps General Features Overview Alerts Comments Digests Environments Search Segments Services Webhooks Logging Overview Log Alerts Log Search Tracing Overview Trace Search Dashboards Overview Dashboard Management Metrics Tutorials Service Latency Web Vitals & Page Speed User Engagement User Analytics Graphing Drilldown Event Search Dashboard Variables SQL Editor Metrics (beta) Overview Frequently Asked Questions. Integrations Integrations Overview Amplitude Integration ClickUp Integration Discord Integration Electron Support Front Integration GitHub Integration Grafana Integration Overview Setup Dashboards Alerts Height Integration Intercom Integration Jira Integration LaunchDarkly Integration Linear Integration Mixpanel Integration Nuxt Integration Pendo Integration Segment Integration Slack Integration Vercel Integration WordPress Plugin Highlight.io Changelog Overview Changelog 12 (02/17) Changelog 13 (02/24) Changelog 14 (03/03) Changelog 15 (03/11) Changelog 16 (03/19) Changelog 17 (04/07) Changelog 18 (04/26) Changelog 19 (05/22) Changelog 20 (06/06) Changelog 21 (06/21) Changelog 22 (08/07) Changelog 23 (08/22) Changelog 24 (09/11) Changelog 25 (10/03) Changelog 26 (11/08) Changelog 27 (12/22) Changelog 28 (3/6) Changelog 29 (4/2) Getting Started Getting Started with Highlight Fullstack Mapping Browser React.js Next.js Remix Vue.js Angular Gatsby.js SvelteKit Electron highlight.run SDK Overview Canvas & WebGL Console Messages Content-Security-Policy Identifying Users iframe Recording Monkey Patches Browser OpenTelemetry Persistent Asset Storage Privacy Proxying Highlight React.js Error Boundary Recording Network Requests and Responses Recording WebSocket Events Salesforce Lightning Web Components (LWC) Data Export Sourcemap Configuration Tracking Events Troubleshooting Upgrading Highlight Versioning Sessions & Errors Other React Native (beta) Server Go Overview chi Echo Fiber Gin GORM gqlgen Logrus Manual Tracing gorilla mux JS Overview Apollo AWS Lambda Cloudflare Workers Express.js Firebase Hono Nest.js Next.js Node.js Pino tRPC Winston Python Overview AWS Lambda Azure Functions Django FastAPI Flask Google Cloud Functions Loguru Other Frameworks Python AI / LLM Libraries Python Libraries Ruby Overview Other Frameworks Ruby on Rails Rust Overview actix-web No Framework Hosting Providers Overview Metrics in AWS Logging in AWS Logging in Azure Fly.io NATS Log Shipper Logging in GCP Heroku Log Drain Render Log Stream Logging in Trigger.dev Vercel Log Drain Elixir Overview Elixir App Java: All Frameworks PHP: All Frameworks C# .NET ASP C# .NET 4 ASP Docker / Docker Compose File Fluent Forward curl OpenTelemetry Protocol (OTLP) Syslog RFC5424 Systemd / Journald Native OpenTelemetry Overview Error Monitoring Logging Tracing Browser Instrumentation Metrics Fullstack Frameworks Overview Next.js Fullstack Overview Next.js Page Router Guide Next.js App Router Guide Edge Runtime Advanced Config Remix Walkthrough Self Host & Local Dev Overview Development deployment guide. Integrations Microsoft Teams self-hosted Hobby deployment guide. Traefik SSL Proxying. Docs Home SDK Client SDK API Reference Cloudflare Worker SDK API Reference Go SDK API Reference Hono SDK API Reference Java SDK API Reference Next.JS SDK API Reference Node.JS SDK API Reference Python SDK API Reference Ruby SDK API Reference Rust SDK API Reference Docs / Highlight Docs / Highlight.io Changelog / Changelog Overview Changelog Overview Stay up to date with what we work on week over week: Changelog 29 Group matching, Logs drawer, Duration prefixes, Self-hosting improvements Changelog 28 Related resources, Search query evolution, Relate logs back to traces Changelog 27 Grafana support, Graduated pricing, Tracing flame graphs, Server-side environment data Changelog 26 Client-side network sanitizing, Tracing beta improvements, Next.js tracing, Java 11 support. Changelog 25 GitHub stack trace settings, Next.js Edge runtime support, Large session exports Changelog 24 GitHub-enhanced stack traces, Session search on ClickHouse, Algora.io open-source bounties Changelog 23 Error list visual indicator, Poll for new sessions, Pino.js support, Alerts redesign Changelog 22 Remix SDK, Render.com Log Stream, Go & Python SDK updates Changelog 21 GitHub Auth, Invite detection, AllContributor App Changelog 20 User Management, New logging connectors Changelog 19 Demo project, Comment UI facelift, etc. Changelog 18 Error boundary improvements, GitHub ticket integration, etc. Changelog 17 New Setup Page, Session caching, etc. Changelog 16 Logging is in Alpha! Changelog 15 New Product Pages & Devtools Improvements! Changelog 14 New Signup Flow, Python Guides, & Session Replay Fixes! Changelog 13 HackerNews Launch, SDK Docs, DocSearch, etc. Changelog 12 Open Source, Smoother UX, & New SDKs! Highlight.io Changelog Changelog 12 (02/17) Community / Support Suggest Edits? Follow us! [object Object]	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/t/systemdesign/page/4	Systemdesign Page 4 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close # systemdesign Follow Hide Create Post Older #systemdesign posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Arquitetura de Software e Design Assistido por IA: Quem Decide, Afinal? Vinicius Cardoso Garcia Vinicius Cardoso Garcia Vinicius Cardoso Garcia Follow Dec 31 '25 Arquitetura de Software e Design Assistido por IA: Quem Decide, Afinal? # ai # architecture # softwareengineering # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 13 min read Designing an AI Foot Traffic Analysis System for Retail ZedIoT ZedIoT ZedIoT Follow Dec 31 '25 Designing an AI Foot Traffic Analysis System for Retail # ai # computervision # systemdesign # retail Comments Add Comment 2 min read Controllable AI Must Sit in the Control Plane — Otherwise It Shouldn’t Exist yuer yuer yuer Follow Jan 4 Controllable AI Must Sit in the Control Plane — Otherwise It Shouldn’t Exist # ai # architecture # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read Preventing Data Inconsistency in High-Frequency Transaction Systems BillBoox BillBoox BillBoox Follow Dec 30 '25 Preventing Data Inconsistency in High-Frequency Transaction Systems # systemdesign # database # backend # architecture Comments Add Comment 4 min read Deterministic Decision Making in Non-Deterministic Environments: Why all my projects fight the same problem Ertugrul Ertugrul Ertugrul Follow Jan 4 Deterministic Decision Making in Non-Deterministic Environments: Why all my projects fight the same problem # machinelearning # systemdesign # edgeai # engineeringphilosophy Comments Add Comment 3 min read Types of UML Diagrams Aniket Vaishnav Aniket Vaishnav Aniket Vaishnav Follow Dec 31 '25 Types of UML Diagrams # architecture # design # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 1 min read Is LeetCode Enough for Coding Interviews in 2025? Here's the Honest Answer Alex Hunter Alex Hunter Alex Hunter Follow Dec 30 '25 Is LeetCode Enough for Coding Interviews in 2025? Here's the Honest Answer # leetcode # interviewprep # systemdesign # behavioral Comments Add Comment 8 min read Facebook System Design Interview Resources That Helped Me Land the Role Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Dec 31 '25 Facebook System Design Interview Resources That Helped Me Land the Role # systemdesign # resources # productivity # career Comments Add Comment 4 min read Event Sourcing - System Design Pattern Kader Khan Kader Khan Kader Khan Follow Dec 30 '25 Event Sourcing - System Design Pattern # devops # aws # cloudnative # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read AIX: IBM’s Unix That Was Never Trying to Be Cool Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Follow Dec 30 '25 AIX: IBM’s Unix That Was Never Trying to Be Cool # discuss # learning # systemdesign 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Logging at Scale & Log Aggregation Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Follow Dec 30 '25 Logging at Scale & Log Aggregation # systemdesign # architecture # devops # monitoring Comments Add Comment 8 min read Beyond Simple Rate Limiting: Behavioral Throttling for AI Agent Security John R. 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Black III Follow Dec 30 '25 Beyond Simple Rate Limiting: Behavioral Throttling for AI Agent Security # cybersecurity # ai # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read How to Choose Sustainable Tech Stacks for Enterprise Applications Aaron Smith Aaron Smith Aaron Smith Follow Dec 30 '25 How to Choose Sustainable Tech Stacks for Enterprise Applications # architecture # softwaredevelopment # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read Handling App Scalability When User Growth Suddenly Spikes Lacey Glenn Lacey Glenn Lacey Glenn Follow Dec 30 '25 Handling App Scalability When User Growth Suddenly Spikes # architecture # performance # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read How Modern AI Tools Are Really Built TANVIR AZAD TANVIR AZAD TANVIR AZAD Follow Dec 31 '25 How Modern AI Tools Are Really Built # ai # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read What Software Engineers Can Learn from Industrial Inkjet Printing Systems Cecelia Qiu Cecelia Qiu Cecelia Qiu Follow Dec 30 '25 What Software Engineers Can Learn from Industrial Inkjet Printing Systems # discuss # systemdesign # softwareengineering # learning Comments Add Comment 2 min read How We Solve the “Empty Nights” Problem in Booking Systems Stefan Unterberger Stefan Unterberger Stefan Unterberger Follow Dec 29 '25 How We Solve the “Empty Nights” Problem in Booking Systems # algorithms # startup # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read CQRS Pattern and Event Sourcing System Design Kader Khan Kader Khan Kader Khan Follow Dec 29 '25 CQRS Pattern and Event Sourcing System Design # architecture # performance # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Most Engineers Struggle With Low-Level Design Interviews (And How to Actually Practice) Vishnu Vishnu Vishnu Follow Dec 30 '25 Why Most Engineers Struggle With Low-Level Design Interviews (And How to Actually Practice) # lld # systemdesign # interview # programming Comments Add Comment 3 min read 🚀 Introducing Production Readiness — A Practical Guide to Shipping Software That Survives Reality CJ CJ CJ Follow Jan 2 🚀 Introducing Production Readiness — A Practical Guide to Shipping Software That Survives Reality # devops # opensource # systemdesign 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read QNX Explained for Beginners: The Operating System You Use Without Knowing It Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Pʀᴀɴᴀᴠ Follow Dec 30 '25 QNX Explained for Beginners: The Operating System You Use Without Knowing It # beginners # iot # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 3 min read How I Aced the Yahoo System Design Interview: Best Courses and 7 Key Lessons Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Dec 29 '25 How I Aced the Yahoo System Design Interview: Best Courses and 7 Key Lessons # yahoo # systemdesign # career # productivity Comments Add Comment 4 min read AI Systems That Can’t Say “No” Are Not Production-Ready yuer yuer yuer Follow Dec 30 '25 AI Systems That Can’t Say “No” Are Not Production-Ready # ai # security # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 2 min read Hexagonal Architecture: A Complete Guide to Building Flexible and Testable Applications sizan mahmud0 sizan mahmud0 sizan mahmud0 Follow Dec 29 '25 Hexagonal Architecture: A Complete Guide to Building Flexible and Testable Applications # systemdesign # programming # webdev # frontend 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read You Can't Resize a Bloom Filter. Here's What To Do Instead. Ayush Kumar Anand Ayush Kumar Anand Ayush Kumar Anand Follow Dec 28 '25 You Can't Resize a Bloom Filter. Here's What To Do Instead. # redis # systemdesign # go # performance Comments Add Comment 6 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Artificial Intelligence Follow Hide Artificial intelligence leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities found in humans and in nature. Create Post submission guidelines Posts about artificial intelligence. Older #ai posts 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu dots-ocr: Open-Source OCR Outperforms Giants for Multilingual Automation Dr Hernani Costa Dr Hernani Costa Dr Hernani Costa Follow Jan 12 dots-ocr: Open-Source OCR Outperforms Giants for Multilingual Automation # ai # automation # machinelearning # productivity Comments Add Comment 4 min read AI in Assistive Technologies for People with Visual Impairments Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Tatyana Bayramova, CPACC Follow Jan 12 AI in Assistive Technologies for People with Visual Impairments # discuss # a11y # ai # news 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read When Top Comments Meet AI Quant: A Journey Into Strategy Implementation fmzquant fmzquant fmzquant Follow Jan 13 When Top Comments Meet AI Quant: A Journey Into Strategy Implementation # ai # development # jellyfin # nocode Comments Add Comment 15 min read Building GeoAI Models: From Spatial Data to Actionable Insights Koushik Vishal Annamalai Koushik Vishal Annamalai Koushik Vishal Annamalai Follow Jan 12 Building GeoAI Models: From Spatial Data to Actionable Insights # ai # machinelearning # python # gis Comments Add Comment 5 min read How to Transcribe and Detect Intent Using Deepgram for STT: A Developer's Journey CallStack Tech CallStack Tech CallStack Tech Follow Jan 12 How to Transcribe and Detect Intent Using Deepgram for STT: A Developer's Journey # ai # voicetech # machinelearning # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 11 min read Run `gh` Command in Claude Code on the Web Oikon Oikon Oikon Follow Jan 12 Run `gh` Command in Claude Code on the Web # claudecode # claude # ai # coding Comments Add Comment 4 min read Why LLMs Are Bad at "First Try" and Great at Verification Shinsuke KAGAWA Shinsuke KAGAWA Shinsuke KAGAWA Follow Jan 12 Why LLMs Are Bad at "First Try" and Great at Verification # ai # llm # softwareengineering # promptengineering Comments Add Comment 6 min read From Web to Desktop: Building CodeForge Portable with WebView2 Francesco Marconi Francesco Marconi Francesco Marconi Follow Jan 12 From Web to Desktop: Building CodeForge Portable with WebView2 # webview2 # architecture # wpf # ai 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read When Tests Keep Passing, but Design Stops Moving Felix Asher Felix Asher Felix Asher Follow Jan 12 When Tests Keep Passing, but Design Stops Moving # tdd # ai # testing # softwareengineering Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Great Tune-Out: Why AI’s Perfect Illusions Might Save Us from Social Media Meg Rehn Meg Rehn Meg Rehn Follow Jan 13 The Great Tune-Out: Why AI’s Perfect Illusions Might Save Us from Social Media # discuss # ai # ethics # watercooler Comments Add Comment 4 min read Your AI Bills Tripled Last Month. Here's Why (And How to Fix It) Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Debby McKinney Follow Jan 12 Your AI Bills Tripled Last Month. Here's Why (And How to Fix It) # programming # ai # devops # software 3 reactions Comments 1 comment 5 min read Agentic Coding Tools Are Accelerating Output, Not Velocity Signadot Signadot Signadot Follow Jan 12 Agentic Coding Tools Are Accelerating Output, Not Velocity # ai # devops # kubernetes # productivity Comments Add Comment 5 min read learning complex coding Masood Ahmad Masood Ahmad Masood Ahmad Follow Jan 13 learning complex coding # programming # webdev # ai # beginners Comments Add Comment 1 min read From Writing Code to Teaching AI: The Rise of the AI-Assisted Developer Amit Shrivastava Amit Shrivastava Amit Shrivastava Follow Jan 12 From Writing Code to Teaching AI: The Rise of the AI-Assisted Developer # ai # aiinpractice # career # softwareengineering Comments Add Comment 3 min read Claude-Gemini Integration Tool "CGMB" v1.1.0: Implementing Windows Support ryoto miyake ryoto miyake ryoto miyake Follow Jan 12 Claude-Gemini Integration Tool "CGMB" v1.1.0: Implementing Windows Support # ai # gemini # llm # tooling Comments Add Comment 2 min read How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase Sathish Sathish Sathish Follow Jan 12 How I Built a Healthcare Job Board with 8,295+ Listings Using Next.js and Supabase # webdev # ai # buildinpublic # nextjs Comments Add Comment 1 min read Structural Logic in Prompt Engineering: Building an AI Grammar Teacher, Not Just a Checker FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN Follow Jan 12 Structural Logic in Prompt Engineering: Building an AI Grammar Teacher, Not Just a Checker # ai # promptengineering # nlp # automation Comments Add Comment 4 min read Contextual Inference with Generative AI: Turning Messy Notes into Professional Meeting Minutes FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN FARAZ FARHAN Follow Jan 12 Contextual Inference with Generative AI: Turning Messy Notes into Professional Meeting Minutes # ai # productivity # automation # promptengineering Comments Add Comment 4 min read I built a WASM execution firewall for AI agents — here’s why Xnfinite Xnfinite Xnfinite Follow Jan 10 I built a WASM execution firewall for AI agents — here’s why # discuss # typescript # rust # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🚀 AI Article Summarizer \| Fast & Clean AI-Powered Summary Tool Built with Next.js Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Jan 12 🚀 AI Article Summarizer \| Fast & Clean AI-Powered Summary Tool Built with Next.js # nextjs # ai # react # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read I built an AI tutor to learn GeoGuessr-style visual geography (not a solver) TunaDev TunaDev TunaDev Follow Jan 12 I built an AI tutor to learn GeoGuessr-style visual geography (not a solver) # showdev # ai # learning # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read A Deterministic PC Builder That Refuses to Guess — Powered by Algolia Agent Studio yuer yuer yuer Follow Jan 12 A Deterministic PC Builder That Refuses to Guess — Powered by Algolia Agent Studio # devchallenge # algoliachallenge # ai # agents Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building AI Agents in 2025: From ChatGPT to Multi-Agent Systems Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Follow Jan 12 Building AI Agents in 2025: From ChatGPT to Multi-Agent Systems # ai # machinelearning # python # webdev Comments Add Comment 4 min read Debugging 5 Real-World Bugs: A Practical Walkthrough That Doesn't Include Console.log! Eleftheria Batsou Eleftheria Batsou Eleftheria Batsou Follow Jan 12 Debugging 5 Real-World Bugs: A Practical Walkthrough That Doesn't Include Console.log! # ai # debug # debugging # frontend 6 reactions Comments 1 comment 5 min read From 100+ Manual Edits to an AI Workflow: Mastering "People Removal" with Nano Banana 🍌 Xing Xiong Xing Xiong Xing Xiong Follow Jan 12 From 100+ Manual Edits to an AI Workflow: Mastering "People Removal" with Nano Banana 🍌 # showdev # ai # promptengineering # indiehackers Comments 1 comment 3 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. We're a place where coders share, stay up-to-date and grow their careers. Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
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Right menu DevOps Explained: From Buzzword to Real-World Practice 🚀 Meena Nukala Meena Nukala Meena Nukala Follow Jan 10 DevOps Explained: From Buzzword to Real-World Practice 🚀 # devops # cloudnative # tutorial # ai 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read 📊 Extracting DSA Question Statistics from Codolio and TakeUForward (TUF) Naman Naman Naman Follow Jan 10 📊 Extracting DSA Question Statistics from Codolio and TakeUForward (TUF) # api # automation # python # tutorial 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read Quark's Outlines: Python Arithmetic Conversions Mike Vincent Mike Vincent Mike Vincent Follow Jan 10 Quark's Outlines: Python Arithmetic Conversions # python # programming # beginners # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read HTML-101 #2. Structure of HTML Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Himanshu Bhatt Follow Jan 10 HTML-101 #2. 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Darian Vance Darian Vance Darian Vance Follow Jan 10 Solved: What’s a service you happily pay for every month because it keeps your business running smoothly? # devops # programming # tutorial # cloud Comments Add Comment 7 min read I Built a High-Converting Travel Landing Page: Modern Web Techniques That Boosted Engagement 340% msm yaqoob msm yaqoob msm yaqoob Follow Jan 10 I Built a High-Converting Travel Landing Page: Modern Web Techniques That Boosted Engagement 340% # webdev # ai # tutorial Comments Add Comment 5 min read I Spent Hours Googling Port Forwarding. Then I Found Cloudflare Tunnel Taqin Taqin Taqin Follow Jan 11 I Spent Hours Googling Port Forwarding. Then I Found Cloudflare Tunnel # tutorial # devops # cloud # networking 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Building a Kafka Wikimedia Producer: Solving 403 Errors and Understanding Java Fundamentals Byron Hsieh Byron Hsieh Byron Hsieh Follow Jan 10 Building a Kafka Wikimedia Producer: Solving 403 Errors and Understanding Java Fundamentals # kafka # java # tutorial # backend Comments Add Comment 9 min read Build an Offline ESP32 Text-to-Speech System - No Internet Needed! 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HTML Headings, Paragraphs & Line Breaks # webdev # html # beginners # tutorial 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Advanced Animation Techniques with svelte-animations in Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Advanced Animation Techniques with svelte-animations in Svelte # svelte # webdev # programming # tutorial Comments Add Comment 9 min read Getting Started with Basic Components in svar-core for Svelte Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Lucas Bennett Follow Jan 10 Getting Started with Basic Components in svar-core for Svelte # javascript # beginners # tutorial # programming Comments Add Comment 6 min read DOM Manipulation in JavaScript – Step by Step Guide Manikanta Yarramsetti Manikanta Yarramsetti Manikanta Yarramsetti Follow Jan 11 DOM Manipulation in JavaScript – Step by Step Guide # javascript # frontend # dom # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read Build a ChatGPT App with Mapbox Chris Tufts Chris Tufts Chris Tufts Follow for Mapbox Jan 9 Build a ChatGPT App with Mapbox # chatgpt # mcp # tutorial Comments Add Comment 9 min read Serverless PDF-to-Speech Narrator on AWS (Textract + Polly) AKASH S AKASH S AKASH S Follow Jan 10 Serverless PDF-to-Speech Narrator on AWS (Textract + Polly) # webdev # ai # tutorial # aws 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Getting Started with 2D Games Using Pyxel (Part 6): Moving Characters Kajiru Kajiru Kajiru Follow Jan 9 Getting Started with 2D Games Using Pyxel (Part 6): Moving Characters # python # gamedev # tutorial # pyxel Comments Add Comment 3 min read MINI PROJECT: String Analyzer Jyoti Jingar Jyoti Jingar Jyoti Jingar Follow Jan 10 MINI PROJECT: String Analyzer # showdev # beginners # python # tutorial Comments Add Comment 1 min read Building Your First Game on Midnight: A Complete Developer Tutorial UtkarshVarma UtkarshVarma UtkarshVarma Follow Jan 9 Building Your First Game on Midnight: A Complete Developer Tutorial # beginners # gamedev # tutorial # web3 Comments Add Comment 13 min read Dockerizing an Angular SSR App for Production (Single Origin + /api Proxy + Working Transfer Cache) Ultra Wizard Ultra Wizard Ultra Wizard Follow Jan 9 Dockerizing an Angular SSR App for Production (Single Origin + /api Proxy + Working Transfer Cache) # docker # javascript # tutorial # angular Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse 0x7b Posted on Jan 12 Observing Behavioral Anomalies in Web Applications Beyond Signature Scanners # monitoring # performance # security # testing Most web scanners rely on payload signatures and response matching. In practice, I often see cases where the server behaves differently without any explicit error: latency spikes unexpected redirects status changes Signature-based tools usually report these scenarios as “clean”, even though they indicate backend instability or logic issues. The challenge is that these anomalies don’t fit traditional vulnerability categories like SQLi or XSS — they’re about how the system reacts under unusual input, not whether a known exploit triggers. Example Observation Below is a sample result from testing http://testphp.vulnweb.com/artists.php: Screenshot showing latency spikes (RTT) and body hash changes for specific inputs. Signature-based scanners would likely mark this as “clean”. Notice: artist=SLEEP(1) causes response time to jump from ~197ms → 3212ms BODY_HASH changes indicate server response altered Other inputs (%22, %5C, %255c) also trigger body changes without explicit errors These anomalies highlight how a server can behave unexpectedly under test conditions, which traditional signature-based scanners often miss. I’m curious how others in web security detect and interpret these kinds of behavioral anomalies during testing. 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https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/controlflow.html#defining-functions	4. More Control Flow Tools — Python 3.14.2 documentation Theme Auto Light Dark Table of Contents 4. More Control Flow Tools 4.1. if Statements 4.2. for Statements 4.3. The range() Function 4.4. break and continue Statements 4.5. else Clauses on Loops 4.6. pass Statements 4.7. match Statements 4.8. Defining Functions 4.9. More on Defining Functions 4.9.1. Default Argument Values 4.9.2. Keyword Arguments 4.9.3. Special parameters 4.9.3.1. Positional-or-Keyword Arguments 4.9.3.2. Positional-Only Parameters 4.9.3.3. Keyword-Only Arguments 4.9.3.4. Function Examples 4.9.3.5. Recap 4.9.4. Arbitrary Argument Lists 4.9.5. Unpacking Argument Lists 4.9.6. Lambda Expressions 4.9.7. Documentation Strings 4.9.8. Function Annotations 4.10. Intermezzo: Coding Style Previous topic 3. An Informal Introduction to Python Next topic 5. Data Structures This page Report a bug Show source Navigation index modules \| next \| previous \| Python » 3.14.2 Documentation » The Python Tutorial » 4. More Control Flow Tools \| Theme Auto Light Dark \| 4. More Control Flow Tools ¶ As well as the while statement just introduced, Python uses a few more that we will encounter in this chapter. 4.1. if Statements ¶ Perhaps the most well-known statement type is the if statement. For example: >>> x = int ( input ( "Please enter an integer: " )) Please enter an integer: 42 >>> if x < 0 : ... x = 0 ... print ( 'Negative changed to zero' ) ... elif x == 0 : ... print ( 'Zero' ) ... elif x == 1 : ... print ( 'Single' ) ... else : ... print ( 'More' ) ... More There can be zero or more elif parts, and the else part is optional. The keyword ‘ elif ’ is short for ‘else if’, and is useful to avoid excessive indentation. An if … elif … elif … sequence is a substitute for the switch or case statements found in other languages. If you’re comparing the same value to several constants, or checking for specific types or attributes, you may also find the match statement useful. For more details see match Statements . 4.2. for Statements ¶ The for statement in Python differs a bit from what you may be used to in C or Pascal. Rather than always iterating over an arithmetic progression of numbers (like in Pascal), or giving the user the ability to define both the iteration step and halting condition (as C), Python’s for statement iterates over the items of any sequence (a list or a string), in the order that they appear in the sequence. For example (no pun intended): >>> # Measure some strings: >>> words = [ 'cat' , 'window' , 'defenestrate' ] >>> for w in words : ... print ( w , len ( w )) ... cat 3 window 6 defenestrate 12 Code that modifies a collection while iterating over that same collection can be tricky to get right. Instead, it is usually more straight-forward to loop over a copy of the collection or to create a new collection: # Create a sample collection users = { 'Hans' : 'active' , 'Éléonore' : 'inactive' , '景太郎' : 'active' } # Strategy: Iterate over a copy for user , status in users . copy () . items (): if status == 'inactive' : del users [ user ] # Strategy: Create a new collection active_users = {} for user , status in users . items (): if status == 'active' : active_users [ user ] = status 4.3. The range() Function ¶ If you do need to iterate over a sequence of numbers, the built-in function range() comes in handy. It generates arithmetic progressions: >>> for i in range ( 5 ): ... print ( i ) ... 0 1 2 3 4 The given end point is never part of the generated sequence; range(10) generates 10 values, the legal indices for items of a sequence of length 10. It is possible to let the range start at another number, or to specify a different increment (even negative; sometimes this is called the ‘step’): >>> list ( range ( 5 , 10 )) [5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> list ( range ( 0 , 10 , 3 )) [0, 3, 6, 9] >>> list ( range ( - 10 , - 100 , - 30 )) [-10, -40, -70] To iterate over the indices of a sequence, you can combine range() and len() as follows: >>> a = [ 'Mary' , 'had' , 'a' , 'little' , 'lamb' ] >>> for i in range ( len ( a )): ... print ( i , a [ i ]) ... 0 Mary 1 had 2 a 3 little 4 lamb In most such cases, however, it is convenient to use the enumerate() function, see Looping Techniques . A strange thing happens if you just print a range: >>> range ( 10 ) range(0, 10) In many ways the object returned by range() behaves as if it is a list, but in fact it isn’t. It is an object which returns the successive items of the desired sequence when you iterate over it, but it doesn’t really make the list, thus saving space. We say such an object is iterable , that is, suitable as a target for functions and constructs that expect something from which they can obtain successive items until the supply is exhausted. We have seen that the for statement is such a construct, while an example of a function that takes an iterable is sum() : >>> sum ( range ( 4 )) # 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 6 Later we will see more functions that return iterables and take iterables as arguments. In chapter Data Structures , we will discuss in more detail about list() . 4.4. break and continue Statements ¶ The break statement breaks out of the innermost enclosing for or while loop: >>> for n in range ( 2 , 10 ): ... for x in range ( 2 , n ): ... if n % x == 0 : ... print ( f " { n } equals { x } * { n // x } " ) ... break ... 4 equals 2 * 2 6 equals 2 * 3 8 equals 2 * 4 9 equals 3 * 3 The continue statement continues with the next iteration of the loop: >>> for num in range ( 2 , 10 ): ... if num % 2 == 0 : ... print ( f "Found an even number { num } " ) ... continue ... print ( f "Found an odd number { num } " ) ... Found an even number 2 Found an odd number 3 Found an even number 4 Found an odd number 5 Found an even number 6 Found an odd number 7 Found an even number 8 Found an odd number 9 4.5. else Clauses on Loops ¶ In a for or while loop the break statement may be paired with an else clause. If the loop finishes without executing the break , the else clause executes. In a for loop, the else clause is executed after the loop finishes its final iteration, that is, if no break occurred. In a while loop, it’s executed after the loop’s condition becomes false. In either kind of loop, the else clause is not executed if the loop was terminated by a break . Of course, other ways of ending the loop early, such as a return or a raised exception, will also skip execution of the else clause. This is exemplified in the following for loop, which searches for prime numbers: >>> for n in range ( 2 , 10 ): ... for x in range ( 2 , n ): ... if n % x == 0 : ... print ( n , 'equals' , x , '' , n // x ) ... break ... else : ... # loop fell through without finding a factor ... print ( n , 'is a prime number' ) ... 2 is a prime number 3 is a prime number 4 equals 2 2 5 is a prime number 6 equals 2 * 3 7 is a prime number 8 equals 2 * 4 9 equals 3 * 3 (Yes, this is the correct code. Look closely: the else clause belongs to the for loop, not the if statement.) One way to think of the else clause is to imagine it paired with the if inside the loop. As the loop executes, it will run a sequence like if/if/if/else. The if is inside the loop, encountered a number of times. If the condition is ever true, a break will happen. If the condition is never true, the else clause outside the loop will execute. When used with a loop, the else clause has more in common with the else clause of a try statement than it does with that of if statements: a try statement’s else clause runs when no exception occurs, and a loop’s else clause runs when no break occurs. For more on the try statement and exceptions, see Handling Exceptions . 4.6. pass Statements ¶ The pass statement does nothing. It can be used when a statement is required syntactically but the program requires no action. For example: >>> while True : ... pass # Busy-wait for keyboard interrupt (Ctrl+C) ... This is commonly used for creating minimal classes: >>> class MyEmptyClass : ... pass ... Another place pass can be used is as a place-holder for a function or conditional body when you are working on new code, allowing you to keep thinking at a more abstract level. The pass is silently ignored: >>> def initlog ( * args ): ... pass # Remember to implement this! ... For this last case, many people use the ellipsis literal ... instead of pass . This use has no special meaning to Python, and is not part of the language definition (you could use any constant expression here), but ... is used conventionally as a placeholder body as well. See The Ellipsis Object . 4.7. match Statements ¶ A match statement takes an expression and compares its value to successive patterns given as one or more case blocks. This is superficially similar to a switch statement in C, Java or JavaScript (and many other languages), but it’s more similar to pattern matching in languages like Rust or Haskell. Only the first pattern that matches gets executed and it can also extract components (sequence elements or object attributes) from the value into variables. If no case matches, none of the branches is executed. The simplest form compares a subject value against one or more literals: def http_error ( status ): match status : case 400 : return "Bad request" case 404 : return "Not found" case 418 : return "I'm a teapot" case _ : return "Something's wrong with the internet" Note the last block: the “variable name” _ acts as a wildcard and never fails to match. You can combine several literals in a single pattern using \| (“or”): case 401 \| 403 \| 404 : return "Not allowed" Patterns can look like unpacking assignments, and can be used to bind variables: # point is an (x, y) tuple match point : case ( 0 , 0 ): print ( "Origin" ) case ( 0 , y ): print ( f "Y= { y } " ) case ( x , 0 ): print ( f "X= { x } " ) case ( x , y ): print ( f "X= { x } , Y= { y } " ) case _ : raise ValueError ( "Not a point" ) Study that one carefully! The first pattern has two literals, and can be thought of as an extension of the literal pattern shown above. But the next two patterns combine a literal and a variable, and the variable binds a value from the subject ( point ). The fourth pattern captures two values, which makes it conceptually similar to the unpacking assignment (x, y) = point . If you are using classes to structure your data you can use the class name followed by an argument list resembling a constructor, but with the ability to capture attributes into variables: class Point : def __init__ ( self , x , y ): self . x = x self . y = y def where_is ( point ): match point : case Point ( x = 0 , y = 0 ): print ( "Origin" ) case Point ( x = 0 , y = y ): print ( f "Y= { y } " ) case Point ( x = x , y = 0 ): print ( f "X= { x } " ) case Point (): print ( "Somewhere else" ) case _ : print ( "Not a point" ) You can use positional parameters with some builtin classes that provide an ordering for their attributes (e.g. dataclasses). You can also define a specific position for attributes in patterns by setting the __match_args__ special attribute in your classes. If it’s set to (“x”, “y”), the following patterns are all equivalent (and all bind the y attribute to the var variable): Point ( 1 , var ) Point ( 1 , y = var ) Point ( x = 1 , y = var ) Point ( y = var , x = 1 ) A recommended way to read patterns is to look at them as an extended form of what you would put on the left of an assignment, to understand which variables would be set to what. Only the standalone names (like var above) are assigned to by a match statement. Dotted names (like foo.bar ), attribute names (the x= and y= above) or class names (recognized by the “(…)” next to them like Point above) are never assigned to. Patterns can be arbitrarily nested. For example, if we have a short list of Points, with __match_args__ added, we could match it like this: class Point : __match_args__ = ( 'x' , 'y' ) def __init__ ( self , x , y ): self . x = x self . y = y match points : case []: print ( "No points" ) case [ Point ( 0 , 0 )]: print ( "The origin" ) case [ Point ( x , y )]: print ( f "Single point { x } , { y } " ) case [ Point ( 0 , y1 ), Point ( 0 , y2 )]: print ( f "Two on the Y axis at { y1 } , { y2 } " ) case _ : print ( "Something else" ) We can add an if clause to a pattern, known as a “guard”. If the guard is false, match goes on to try the next case block. Note that value capture happens before the guard is evaluated: match point : case Point ( x , y ) if x == y : print ( f "Y=X at { x } " ) case Point ( x , y ): print ( f "Not on the diagonal" ) Several other key features of this statement: Like unpacking assignments, tuple and list patterns have exactly the same meaning and actually match arbitrary sequences. An important exception is that they don’t match iterators or strings. Sequence patterns support extended unpacking: [x, y, rest] and (x, y, rest) work similar to unpacking assignments. The name after * may also be _ , so (x, y, _) matches a sequence of at least two items without binding the remaining items. Mapping patterns: {"bandwidth": b, "latency": l} captures the "bandwidth" and "latency" values from a dictionary. Unlike sequence patterns, extra keys are ignored. An unpacking like rest is also supported. (But _ would be redundant, so it is not allowed.) Subpatterns may be captured using the as keyword: case ( Point ( x1 , y1 ), Point ( x2 , y2 ) as p2 ): ... will capture the second element of the input as p2 (as long as the input is a sequence of two points) Most literals are compared by equality, however the singletons True , False and None are compared by identity. Patterns may use named constants. These must be dotted names to prevent them from being interpreted as capture variable: from enum import Enum class Color ( Enum ): RED = 'red' GREEN = 'green' BLUE = 'blue' color = Color ( input ( "Enter your choice of 'red', 'blue' or 'green': " )) match color : case Color . RED : print ( "I see red!" ) case Color . GREEN : print ( "Grass is green" ) case Color . BLUE : print ( "I'm feeling the blues :(" ) For a more detailed explanation and additional examples, you can look into PEP 636 which is written in a tutorial format. 4.8. Defining Functions ¶ We can create a function that writes the Fibonacci series to an arbitrary boundary: >>> def fib ( n ): # write Fibonacci series less than n ... """Print a Fibonacci series less than n.""" ... a , b = 0 , 1 ... while a < n : ... print ( a , end = ' ' ) ... a , b = b , a + b ... print () ... >>> # Now call the function we just defined: >>> fib ( 2000 ) 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 144 233 377 610 987 1597 The keyword def introduces a function definition . It must be followed by the function name and the parenthesized list of formal parameters. The statements that form the body of the function start at the next line, and must be indented. The first statement of the function body can optionally be a string literal; this string literal is the function’s documentation string, or docstring . (More about docstrings can be found in the section Documentation Strings .) There are tools which use docstrings to automatically produce online or printed documentation, or to let the user interactively browse through code; it’s good practice to include docstrings in code that you write, so make a habit of it. The execution of a function introduces a new symbol table used for the local variables of the function. More precisely, all variable assignments in a function store the value in the local symbol table; whereas variable references first look in the local symbol table, then in the local symbol tables of enclosing functions, then in the global symbol table, and finally in the table of built-in names. Thus, global variables and variables of enclosing functions cannot be directly assigned a value within a function (unless, for global variables, named in a global statement, or, for variables of enclosing functions, named in a nonlocal statement), although they may be referenced. The actual parameters (arguments) to a function call are introduced in the local symbol table of the called function when it is called; thus, arguments are passed using call by value (where the value is always an object reference , not the value of the object). [ 1 ] When a function calls another function, or calls itself recursively, a new local symbol table is created for that call. A function definition associates the function name with the function object in the current symbol table. The interpreter recognizes the object pointed to by that name as a user-defined function. Other names can also point to that same function object and can also be used to access the function: >>> fib <function fib at 10042ed0> >>> f = fib >>> f ( 100 ) 0 1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55 89 Coming from other languages, you might object that fib is not a function but a procedure since it doesn’t return a value. In fact, even functions without a return statement do return a value, albeit a rather boring one. This value is called None (it’s a built-in name). Writing the value None is normally suppressed by the interpreter if it would be the only value written. You can see it if you really want to using print() : >>> fib ( 0 ) >>> print ( fib ( 0 )) None It is simple to write a function that returns a list of the numbers of the Fibonacci series, instead of printing it: >>> def fib2 ( n ): # return Fibonacci series up to n ... """Return a list containing the Fibonacci series up to n.""" ... result = [] ... a , b = 0 , 1 ... while a < n : ... result . append ( a ) # see below ... a , b = b , a + b ... return result ... >>> f100 = fib2 ( 100 ) # call it >>> f100 # write the result [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89] This example, as usual, demonstrates some new Python features: The return statement returns with a value from a function. return without an expression argument returns None . Falling off the end of a function also returns None . The statement result.append(a) calls a method of the list object result . A method is a function that ‘belongs’ to an object and is named obj.methodname , where obj is some object (this may be an expression), and methodname is the name of a method that is defined by the object’s type. Different types define different methods. Methods of different types may have the same name without causing ambiguity. (It is possible to define your own object types and methods, using classes , see Classes ) The method append() shown in the example is defined for list objects; it adds a new element at the end of the list. In this example it is equivalent to result = result + [a] , but more efficient. 4.9. More on Defining Functions ¶ It is also possible to define functions with a variable number of arguments. There are three forms, which can be combined. 4.9.1. Default Argument Values ¶ The most useful form is to specify a default value for one or more arguments. This creates a function that can be called with fewer arguments than it is defined to allow. For example: def ask_ok ( prompt , retries = 4 , reminder = 'Please try again!' ): while True : reply = input ( prompt ) if reply in { 'y' , 'ye' , 'yes' }: return True if reply in { 'n' , 'no' , 'nop' , 'nope' }: return False retries = retries - 1 if retries < 0 : raise ValueError ( 'invalid user response' ) print ( reminder ) This function can be called in several ways: giving only the mandatory argument: ask_ok('Do you really want to quit?') giving one of the optional arguments: ask_ok('OK to overwrite the file?', 2) or even giving all arguments: ask_ok('OK to overwrite the file?', 2, 'Come on, only yes or no!') This example also introduces the in keyword. This tests whether or not a sequence contains a certain value. The default values are evaluated at the point of function definition in the defining scope, so that i = 5 def f ( arg = i ): print ( arg ) i = 6 f () will print 5 . Important warning: The default value is evaluated only once. This makes a difference when the default is a mutable object such as a list, dictionary, or instances of most classes. For example, the following function accumulates the arguments passed to it on subsequent calls: def f ( a , L = []): L . append ( a ) return L print ( f ( 1 )) print ( f ( 2 )) print ( f ( 3 )) This will print [ 1 ] [ 1 , 2 ] [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] If you don’t want the default to be shared between subsequent calls, you can write the function like this instead: def f ( a , L = None ): if L is None : L = [] L . append ( a ) return L 4.9.2. Keyword Arguments ¶ Functions can also be called using keyword arguments of the form kwarg=value . For instance, the following function: def parrot ( voltage , state = 'a stiff' , action = 'voom' , type = 'Norwegian Blue' ): print ( "-- This parrot wouldn't" , action , end = ' ' ) print ( "if you put" , voltage , "volts through it." ) print ( "-- Lovely plumage, the" , type ) print ( "-- It's" , state , "!" ) accepts one required argument ( voltage ) and three optional arguments ( state , action , and type ). This function can be called in any of the following ways: parrot ( 1000 ) # 1 positional argument parrot ( voltage = 1000 ) # 1 keyword argument parrot ( voltage = 1000000 , action = 'VOOOOOM' ) # 2 keyword arguments parrot ( action = 'VOOOOOM' , voltage = 1000000 ) # 2 keyword arguments parrot ( 'a million' , 'bereft of life' , 'jump' ) # 3 positional arguments parrot ( 'a thousand' , state = 'pushing up the daisies' ) # 1 positional, 1 keyword but all the following calls would be invalid: parrot () # required argument missing parrot ( voltage = 5.0 , 'dead' ) # non-keyword argument after a keyword argument parrot ( 110 , voltage = 220 ) # duplicate value for the same argument parrot ( actor = 'John Cleese' ) # unknown keyword argument In a function call, keyword arguments must follow positional arguments. All the keyword arguments passed must match one of the arguments accepted by the function (e.g. actor is not a valid argument for the parrot function), and their order is not important. This also includes non-optional arguments (e.g. parrot(voltage=1000) is valid too). No argument may receive a value more than once. Here’s an example that fails due to this restriction: >>> def function ( a ): ... pass ... >>> function ( 0 , a = 0 ) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1 , in <module> TypeError : function() got multiple values for argument 'a' When a final formal parameter of the form name is present, it receives a dictionary (see Mapping Types — dict ) containing all keyword arguments except for those corresponding to a formal parameter. This may be combined with a formal parameter of the form name (described in the next subsection) which receives a tuple containing the positional arguments beyond the formal parameter list. ( name must occur before name .) For example, if we define a function like this: def cheeseshop ( kind , arguments , ** keywords ): print ( "-- Do you have any" , kind , "?" ) print ( "-- I'm sorry, we're all out of" , kind ) for arg in arguments : print ( arg ) print ( "-" * 40 ) for kw in keywords : print ( kw , ":" , keywords [ kw ]) It could be called like this: cheeseshop ( "Limburger" , "It's very runny, sir." , "It's really very, VERY runny, sir." , shopkeeper = "Michael Palin" , client = "John Cleese" , sketch = "Cheese Shop Sketch" ) and of course it would print: -- Do you have any Limburger ? -- I'm sorry, we're all out of Limburger It's very runny, sir. It's really very, VERY runny, sir. ---------------------------------------- shopkeeper : Michael Palin client : John Cleese sketch : Cheese Shop Sketch Note that the order in which the keyword arguments are printed is guaranteed to match the order in which they were provided in the function call. 4.9.3. Special parameters ¶ By default, arguments may be passed to a Python function either by position or explicitly by keyword. For readability and performance, it makes sense to restrict the way arguments can be passed so that a developer need only look at the function definition to determine if items are passed by position, by position or keyword, or by keyword. A function definition may look like: def f(pos1, pos2, /, pos_or_kwd, , kwd1, kwd2): ----------- ---------- ---------- \| \| \| \| Positional or keyword \| \| - Keyword only -- Positional only where / and are optional. If used, these symbols indicate the kind of parameter by how the arguments may be passed to the function: positional-only, positional-or-keyword, and keyword-only. Keyword parameters are also referred to as named parameters. 4.9.3.1. Positional-or-Keyword Arguments ¶ If / and * are not present in the function definition, arguments may be passed to a function by position or by keyword. 4.9.3.2. Positional-Only Parameters ¶ Looking at this in a bit more detail, it is possible to mark certain parameters as positional-only . If positional-only , the parameters’ order matters, and the parameters cannot be passed by keyword. Positional-only parameters are placed before a / (forward-slash). The / is used to logically separate the positional-only parameters from the rest of the parameters. If there is no / in the function definition, there are no positional-only parameters. Parameters following the / may be positional-or-keyword or keyword-only . 4.9.3.3. Keyword-Only Arguments ¶ To mark parameters as keyword-only , indicating the parameters must be passed by keyword argument, place an * in the arguments list just before the first keyword-only parameter. 4.9.3.4. Function Examples ¶ Consider the following example function definitions paying close attention to the markers / and * : >>> def standard_arg ( arg ): ... print ( arg ) ... >>> def pos_only_arg ( arg , / ): ... print ( arg ) ... >>> def kwd_only_arg ( * , arg ): ... print ( arg ) ... >>> def combined_example ( pos_only , / , standard , * , kwd_only ): ... print ( pos_only , standard , kwd_only ) The first function definition, standard_arg , the most familiar form, places no restrictions on the calling convention and arguments may be passed by position or keyword: >>> standard_arg ( 2 ) 2 >>> standard_arg ( arg = 2 ) 2 The second function pos_only_arg is restricted to only use positional parameters as there is a / in the function definition: >>> pos_only_arg ( 1 ) 1 >>> pos_only_arg ( arg = 1 ) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1 , in <module> TypeError : pos_only_arg() got some positional-only arguments passed as keyword arguments: 'arg' The third function kwd_only_arg only allows keyword arguments as indicated by a * in the function definition: >>> kwd_only_arg ( 3 ) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1 , in <module> TypeError : kwd_only_arg() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given >>> kwd_only_arg ( arg = 3 ) 3 And the last uses all three calling conventions in the same function definition: >>> combined_example ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1 , in <module> TypeError : combined_example() takes 2 positional arguments but 3 were given >>> combined_example ( 1 , 2 , kwd_only = 3 ) 1 2 3 >>> combined_example ( 1 , standard = 2 , kwd_only = 3 ) 1 2 3 >>> combined_example ( pos_only = 1 , standard = 2 , kwd_only = 3 ) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1 , in <module> TypeError : combined_example() got some positional-only arguments passed as keyword arguments: 'pos_only' Finally, consider this function definition which has a potential collision between the positional argument name and kwds which has name as a key: def foo ( name , kwds ): return 'name' in kwds There is no possible call that will make it return True as the keyword 'name' will always bind to the first parameter. For example: >>> foo ( 1 , { 'name' : 2 }) Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1 , in <module> TypeError : foo() got multiple values for argument 'name' >>> But using / (positional only arguments), it is possible since it allows name as a positional argument and 'name' as a key in the keyword arguments: >>> def foo ( name , / , kwds ): ... return 'name' in kwds ... >>> foo ( 1 , { 'name' : 2 }) True In other words, the names of positional-only parameters can be used in kwds without ambiguity. 4.9.3.5. Recap ¶ The use case will determine which parameters to use in the function definition: def f ( pos1 , pos2 , / , pos_or_kwd , * , kwd1 , kwd2 ): As guidance: Use positional-only if you want the name of the parameters to not be available to the user. This is useful when parameter names have no real meaning, if you want to enforce the order of the arguments when the function is called or if you need to take some positional parameters and arbitrary keywords. Use keyword-only when names have meaning and the function definition is more understandable by being explicit with names or you want to prevent users relying on the position of the argument being passed. For an API, use positional-only to prevent breaking API changes if the parameter’s name is modified in the future. 4.9.4. Arbitrary Argument Lists ¶ Finally, the least frequently used option is to specify that a function can be called with an arbitrary number of arguments. These arguments will be wrapped up in a tuple (see Tuples and Sequences ). Before the variable number of arguments, zero or more normal arguments may occur. def write_multiple_items ( file , separator , * args ): file . write ( separator . join ( args )) Normally, these variadic arguments will be last in the list of formal parameters, because they scoop up all remaining input arguments that are passed to the function. Any formal parameters which occur after the args parameter are ‘keyword-only’ arguments, meaning that they can only be used as keywords rather than positional arguments. >>> def concat ( args , sep = "/" ): ... return sep . join ( args ) ... >>> concat ( "earth" , "mars" , "venus" ) 'earth/mars/venus' >>> concat ( "earth" , "mars" , "venus" , sep = "." ) 'earth.mars.venus' 4.9.5. Unpacking Argument Lists ¶ The reverse situation occurs when the arguments are already in a list or tuple but need to be unpacked for a function call requiring separate positional arguments. For instance, the built-in range() function expects separate start and stop arguments. If they are not available separately, write the function call with the * -operator to unpack the arguments out of a list or tuple: >>> list ( range ( 3 , 6 )) # normal call with separate arguments [3, 4, 5] >>> args = [ 3 , 6 ] >>> list ( range ( * args )) # call with arguments unpacked from a list [3, 4, 5] In the same fashion, dictionaries can deliver keyword arguments with the -operator: >>> def parrot ( voltage , state = 'a stiff' , action = 'voom' ): ... print ( "-- This parrot wouldn't" , action , end = ' ' ) ... print ( "if you put" , voltage , "volts through it." , end = ' ' ) ... print ( "E's" , state , "!" ) ... >>> d = { "voltage" : "four million" , "state" : "bleedin' demised" , "action" : "VOOM" } >>> parrot ( d ) -- This parrot wouldn't VOOM if you put four million volts through it. E's bleedin' demised ! 4.9.6. Lambda Expressions ¶ Small anonymous functions can be created with the lambda keyword. This function returns the sum of its two arguments: lambda a, b: a+b . Lambda functions can be used wherever function objects are required. They are syntactically restricted to a single expression. Semantically, they are just syntactic sugar for a normal function definition. Like nested function definitions, lambda functions can reference variables from the containing scope: >>> def make_incrementor ( n ): ... return lambda x : x + n ... >>> f = make_incrementor ( 42 ) >>> f ( 0 ) 42 >>> f ( 1 ) 43 The above example uses a lambda expression to return a function. Another use is to pass a small function as an argument. For instance, list.sort() takes a sorting key function key which can be a lambda function: >>> pairs = [( 1 , 'one' ), ( 2 , 'two' ), ( 3 , 'three' ), ( 4 , 'four' )] >>> pairs . sort ( key = lambda pair : pair [ 1 ]) >>> pairs [(4, 'four'), (1, 'one'), (3, 'three'), (2, 'two')] 4.9.7. Documentation Strings ¶ Here are some conventions about the content and formatting of documentation strings. The first line should always be a short, concise summary of the object’s purpose. For brevity, it should not explicitly state the object’s name or type, since these are available by other means (except if the name happens to be a verb describing a function’s operation). This line should begin with a capital letter and end with a period. If there are more lines in the documentation string, the second line should be blank, visually separating the summary from the rest of the description. The following lines should be one or more paragraphs describing the object’s calling conventions, its side effects, etc. The Python parser strips indentation from multi-line string literals when they serve as module, class, or function docstrings. Here is an example of a multi-line docstring: >>> def my_function (): ... """Do nothing, but document it. ... ... No, really, it doesn't do anything: ... ... >>> my_function() ... >>> ... """ ... pass ... >>> print ( my_function . __doc__ ) Do nothing, but document it. No, really, it doesn't do anything: >>> my_function() >>> 4.9.8. Function Annotations ¶ Function annotations are completely optional metadata information about the types used by user-defined functions (see PEP 3107 and PEP 484 for more information). Annotations are stored in the __annotations__ attribute of the function as a dictionary and have no effect on any other part of the function. Parameter annotations are defined by a colon after the parameter name, followed by an expression evaluating to the value of the annotation. Return annotations are defined by a literal -> , followed by an expression, between the parameter list and the colon denoting the end of the def statement. The following example has a required argument, an optional argument, and the return value annotated: >>> def f ( ham : str , eggs : str = 'eggs' ) -> str : ... print ( "Annotations:" , f . __annotations__ ) ... print ( "Arguments:" , ham , eggs ) ... return ham + ' and ' + eggs ... >>> f ( 'spam' ) Annotations: {'ham': <class 'str'>, 'return': <class 'str'>, 'eggs': <class 'str'>} Arguments: spam eggs 'spam and eggs' 4.10. Intermezzo: Coding Style ¶ Now that you are about to write longer, more complex pieces of Python, it is a good time to talk about coding style . Most languages can be written (or more concise, formatted ) in different styles; some are more readable than others. Making it easy for others to read your code is always a good idea, and adopting a nice coding style helps tremendously for that. For Python, PEP 8 has emerged as the style guide that most projects adhere to; it promotes a very readable and eye-pleasing coding style. Every Python developer should read it at some point; here are the most important points extracted for you: Use 4-space indentation, and no tabs. 4 spaces are a good compromise between small indentation (allows greater nesting depth) and large indentation (easier to read). Tabs introduce confusion, and are best left out. Wrap lines so that they don’t exceed 79 characters. This helps users with small displays and makes it possible to have several code files side-by-side on larger displays. Use blank lines to separate functions and classes, and larger blocks of code inside functions. When possible, put comments on a line of their own. Use docstrings. Use spaces around operators and after commas, but not directly inside bracketing constructs: a = f(1, 2) + g(3, 4) . Name your classes and functions consistently; the convention is to use UpperCamelCase for classes and lowercase_with_underscores for functions and methods. Always use self as the name for the first method argument (see A First Look at Classes for more on classes and methods). Don’t use fancy encodings if your code is meant to be used in international environments. Python’s default, UTF-8, or even plain ASCII work best in any case. Likewise, don’t use non-ASCII characters in identifiers if there is only the slightest chance people speaking a different language will read or maintain the code. Footnotes [ 1 ] Actually, call by object reference would be a better description, since if a mutable object is passed, the caller will see any changes the callee makes to it (items inserted into a list). Table of Contents 4. More Control Flow Tools 4.1. if Statements 4.2. for Statements 4.3. The range() Function 4.4. break and continue Statements 4.5. else Clauses on Loops 4.6. pass Statements 4.7. match Statements 4.8. Defining Functions 4.9. More on Defining Functions 4.9.1. Default Argument Values 4.9.2. Keyword Arguments 4.9.3. Special parameters 4.9.3.1. Positional-or-Keyword Arguments 4.9.3.2. Positional-Only Parameters 4.9.3.3. Keyword-Only Arguments 4.9.3.4. Function Examples 4.9.3.5. Recap 4.9.4. Arbitrary Argument Lists 4.9.5. Unpacking Argument Lists 4.9.6. Lambda Expressions 4.9.7. Documentation Strings 4.9.8. Function Annotations 4.10. Intermezzo: Coding Style Previous topic 3. An Informal Introduction to Python Next topic 5. Data Structures This page Report a bug Show source « Navigation index modules \| next \| previous \| Python » 3.14.2 Documentation » The Python Tutorial » 4. More Control Flow Tools \| Theme Auto Light Dark \| © Copyright 2001 Python Software Foundation. This page is licensed under the Python Software Foundation License Version 2. Examples, recipes, and other code in the documentation are additionally licensed under the Zero Clause BSD License. See History and License for more information. The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation. Please donate. 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Right menu Why “Lost in the Middle” Breaks Most RAG Systems Parth Sarthi Sharma Parth Sarthi Sharma Parth Sarthi Sharma Follow Jan 4 Why “Lost in the Middle” Breaks Most RAG Systems # ai # rag # vectordatabase # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI in Education: Can Robots Really Grade Essays? Adnan Arif Adnan Arif Adnan Arif Follow Jan 4 AI in Education: Can Robots Really Grade Essays? # ai # machinelearning # robotics Comments Add Comment 4 min read Learning Gradient Descent for Machine Learning with a Simple Python Example Rijul Rajesh Rijul Rajesh Rijul Rajesh Follow Jan 6 Learning Gradient Descent for Machine Learning with a Simple Python Example # machinelearning # ai 10 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read Building a Fully Offline AI Voice Assistant on a Laptop (2GB RAM, CPU Only) SANTHANA BHARATHI SANTHANA BHARATHI SANTHANA BHARATHI Follow Jan 4 Building a Fully Offline AI Voice Assistant on a Laptop (2GB RAM, CPU Only) # ai # machinelearning # opensource # deved Comments Add Comment 3 min read 5 AI Soccer Prediction Factors That Reveal Match Outcomes in 2026 Anas Kayssi Anas Kayssi Anas Kayssi Follow Jan 10 5 AI Soccer Prediction Factors That Reveal Match Outcomes in 2026 # machinelearning # socceranalytics # datascience # sportstech Comments Add Comment 7 min read Day 4: Untill I Get An Internship At Google Venkata Sugunadithya Venkata Sugunadithya Venkata Sugunadithya Follow Jan 4 Day 4: Untill I Get An Internship At Google # beginners # machinelearning # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read 5 Common Dating Red Flags in 2026 and How AI Can Spot Them Instantly Anas Kayssi Anas Kayssi Anas Kayssi Follow Jan 10 5 Common Dating Red Flags in 2026 and How AI Can Spot Them Instantly # machinelearning # nlp # ethicalai # developercommunity Comments Add Comment 4 min read Runpod vs. Vast.ai: A Deep Dive into GPU Cloud Platforms for AI/ML TheAIRabbit TheAIRabbit TheAIRabbit Follow Jan 5 Runpod vs. Vast.ai: A Deep Dive into GPU Cloud Platforms for AI/ML # ai # cloudcomputing # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 11 min read Rescuing the Signal: How PCA Salvages Accuracy from Catastrophic Data Poisoning aksh aggarwal aksh aggarwal aksh aggarwal Follow Jan 3 Rescuing the Signal: How PCA Salvages Accuracy from Catastrophic Data Poisoning # machinelearning # ai # learning Comments Add Comment 3 min read Chain Rule (Aturan Rantai) dalam Kalkulus dan Relevansinya dalam Machine Learning Mohammad Ezzeddin Pratama Mohammad Ezzeddin Pratama Mohammad Ezzeddin Pratama Follow Jan 4 Chain Rule (Aturan Rantai) dalam Kalkulus dan Relevansinya dalam Machine Learning # machinelearning # backpropagation # chainrule # neuralnetwork Comments Add Comment 11 min read TRANSFORMER BASICS Pranshu Tiwari Pranshu Tiwari Pranshu Tiwari Follow Jan 4 TRANSFORMER BASICS # transformer # genai # ai # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read I charged $18k for a Static HTML Page (2019) Aman Shekhar Aman Shekhar Aman Shekhar Follow Jan 5 I charged $18k for a Static HTML Page (2019) # ai # machinelearning # techtrends Comments Add Comment 5 min read Mitigating Human-Driven AI Misuse in Generative Systems Shravani Shravani Shravani Follow Jan 9 Mitigating Human-Driven AI Misuse in Generative Systems # discuss # ai # genai # machinelearning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read Fine-tuning & Model Optimization: Key Trends & Insights Hemanath Kumar J Hemanath Kumar J Hemanath Kumar J Follow Jan 4 Fine-tuning & Model Optimization: Key Trends & Insights # trends # ai # machinelearning # modeloptimization Comments Add Comment 2 min read Your Weekly AI Coffee Break: 5 Stories Shaping AI in January 2026 Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Jan 4 Your Weekly AI Coffee Break: 5 Stories Shaping AI in January 2026 # news # ai # machinelearning # technology Comments Add Comment 5 min read Welcome to my Newsletter, Sustained Attention Shawn Schwartz Shawn Schwartz Shawn Schwartz Follow Jan 6 Welcome to my Newsletter, Sustained Attention # datascience # learning # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Neural Networks: Zero to Hero Aman Shekhar Aman Shekhar Aman Shekhar Follow Jan 4 Neural Networks: Zero to Hero # ai # machinelearning # techtrends Comments Add Comment 5 min read Surya OCR vs Tesseract en CPU con Python Carlos m. Ruiz Carlos m. Ruiz Carlos m. Ruiz Follow Jan 5 Surya OCR vs Tesseract en CPU con Python # python # ocr # machinelearning # español Comments Add Comment 4 min read Machine learning- Full Course Jayaprasanna Roddam Jayaprasanna Roddam Jayaprasanna Roddam Follow Jan 4 Machine learning- Full Course # programming # ai # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 3 min read Integrate Voice AI with No-Code Tools and CRM for Automation: My Journey CallStack Tech CallStack Tech CallStack Tech Follow Jan 3 Integrate Voice AI with No-Code Tools and CRM for Automation: My Journey # ai # voicetech # machinelearning # webdev Comments Add Comment 11 min read From Prototype to Production: Building a Multimodal Video Search Engine Jason Peterson Jason Peterson Jason Peterson Follow Jan 6 From Prototype to Production: Building a Multimodal Video Search Engine # showdev # python # docker # machinelearning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Production-Ready AI Loan Prediction System: A 15-Day Journey Oluwatobiloba Olatunji Oluwatobiloba Olatunji Oluwatobiloba Olatunji Follow Jan 6 Building a Production-Ready AI Loan Prediction System: A 15-Day Journey # machinelearning # python # flask # ai Comments Add Comment 10 min read Chronotype Discovery: Using Python to Unlock Your Natural Sleep Patterns wellallyTech wellallyTech wellallyTech Follow Jan 4 Chronotype Discovery: Using Python to Unlock Your Natural Sleep Patterns # python # datascience # machinelearning # healthtech Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Fully Offline AI Voice Assistant on a Laptop (2GB RAM, CPU Only) SANTHANA BHARATHI SANTHANA BHARATHI SANTHANA BHARATHI Follow Jan 4 Building a Fully Offline AI Voice Assistant on a Laptop (2GB RAM, CPU Only) # ai # machinelearning # opensource # deved Comments Add Comment 3 min read DeepSeek's mHC: The AI Training Breakthrough That Could Reshape the Industry Mysterious Xuanwu Mysterious Xuanwu Mysterious Xuanwu Follow Jan 6 DeepSeek's mHC: The AI Training Breakthrough That Could Reshape the Industry # ai # machinelearning # deepseek # costoptimization 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 5 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Artificial Intelligence Follow Hide Artificial intelligence leverages computers and machines to mimic the problem-solving and decision-making capabilities found in humans and in nature. Create Post submission guidelines Posts about artificial intelligence. Older #ai posts 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Google Gemma2/PaliGemma: Notes on Learning and Applications Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Google Gemma2/PaliGemma: Notes on Learning and Applications # ai # google # llm Comments Add Comment 3 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #133: LYING - Claimed Fix Without Verification Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 11 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #133: LYING - Claimed Fix Without Verification # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 1 min read GitHub Copilot: Make Your Commit Messages More Engaging with Custom Instructions Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 GitHub Copilot: Make Your Commit Messages More Engaging with Custom Instructions # ai # github # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Notes: Quick Thoughts on the Google Gemini API Hackathon Awards Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Notes: Quick Thoughts on the Google Gemini API Hackathon Awards # gemini # google # devchallenge # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read My Thoughts on Vibe Coding and Gemini CLI Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 My Thoughts on Vibe Coding and Gemini CLI # discuss # gemini # cli # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read My Ray-Ban Meta Glasses AI Setup in Taiwan Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 My Ray-Ban Meta Glasses AI Setup in Taiwan # ai # iot # tutorial Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #131: Self-Healing Gap - Blog Lesson Sync Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 11 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #131: Self-Healing Gap - Blog Lesson Sync # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why Your AI Agents Need a Shell (And How to Give Them One Safely) Salah Pichen Salah Pichen Salah Pichen Follow Jan 11 Why Your AI Agents Need a Shell (And How to Give Them One Safely) # bash # agents # ai # mcp Comments Add Comment 7 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #130: Comprehensive Investment Strategy Review (Jan 11, 2026) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 11 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #130: Comprehensive Investment Strategy Review (Jan 11, 2026) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Designing Natural AI Memory: Why It Feels Awkward and How to Fix It web3nomad.eth web3nomad.eth web3nomad.eth Follow Jan 11 Designing Natural AI Memory: Why It Feels Awkward and How to Fix It # ai # agents # ux 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read Building Scalable AI Agent Systems: Three Evolutions web3nomad.eth web3nomad.eth web3nomad.eth Follow Jan 11 Building Scalable AI Agent Systems: Three Evolutions # systemdesign # architecture # ai # agents 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 18 min read RAG AI Manikanta Yarramsetti Manikanta Yarramsetti Manikanta Yarramsetti Follow Jan 12 RAG AI # ai # llm # rag Comments Add Comment 2 min read Cloud 101 with AWS: From Concepts to a Real Serverless App Warda Liaqat Warda Liaqat Warda Liaqat Follow Jan 11 Cloud 101 with AWS: From Concepts to a Real Serverless App # aws # cloudcomputing # serverless # ai 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read AWS Certified Generative AI Developer – Professional in 2 Weeks (Part 2: Advanced Learning & Exam Prep) MakendranG MakendranG MakendranG Follow Jan 11 AWS Certified Generative AI Developer – Professional in 2 Weeks (Part 2: Advanced Learning & Exam Prep) # ai # aws # certification # machinelearning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 13 min read AI, Confluence Docs, and READMEs: Why AI Written Docs End Up Unread ujjavala ujjavala ujjavala Follow Jan 12 AI, Confluence Docs, and READMEs: Why AI Written Docs End Up Unread # discuss # webdev # ai # productivity 18 reactions Comments 5 comments 4 min read When AI Governance Calls You "Noise" Alan Tsai Alan Tsai Alan Tsai Follow Jan 11 When AI Governance Calls You "Noise" # ai # hardgate # fun # 雜訊 Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building Career Architect: An AI-Powered Job Application Pipeline for Engineers Henry Ohanga Henry Ohanga Henry Ohanga Follow Jan 11 Building Career Architect: An AI-Powered Job Application Pipeline for Engineers # automation # ai # career # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read High-performance GPUs or TPUs vs CPUs Neweraofcoding Neweraofcoding Neweraofcoding Follow Jan 11 High-performance GPUs or TPUs vs CPUs # architecture # machinelearning # performance # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read How Agentic AI and Workflow Automation Are Redefining Modern Software Engineering Muhammad Nouman Muhammad Nouman Muhammad Nouman Follow Jan 11 How Agentic AI and Workflow Automation Are Redefining Modern Software Engineering # ai # aiagents # n8n # agentaichallenge Comments Add Comment 4 min read Amazon S3 Vectors: When Your Data Lake Becomes Your Vector Store Sujitha Rasamsetty Sujitha Rasamsetty Sujitha Rasamsetty Follow Jan 11 Amazon S3 Vectors: When Your Data Lake Becomes Your Vector Store # aws # awscommunity # ai # vectordatabase Comments Add Comment 6 min read How Databricks Used AI Agents to Cut Database Debugging Time by 90% Satyabrata Satyabrata Satyabrata Follow Jan 11 How Databricks Used AI Agents to Cut Database Debugging Time by 90% # agents # ai # automation # database Comments Add Comment 3 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #079: Tomorrow Hallucination Incident (Jan 5, 2026) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 11 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #079: Tomorrow Hallucination Incident (Jan 5, 2026) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 2 min read NordVPN Privacy is a Rip-Off for Most Users (But a Beast for One Specific Group) ii-x ii-x ii-x Follow Jan 11 NordVPN Privacy is a Rip-Off for Most Users (But a Beast for One Specific Group) # ai # tech # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Built an AI-Powered Portfolio with Next.js, Supabase & Groq - Here's How chiheb nouri chiheb nouri chiheb nouri Follow Jan 11 I Built an AI-Powered Portfolio with Next.js, Supabase & Groq - Here's How # showdev # ai # nextjs # portfolio Comments Add Comment 2 min read AI Trading: Lesson Learned #132: RAG Stuck on December 2025 Content (CRISIS) Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Igor Ganapolsky Follow Jan 11 AI Trading: Lesson Learned #132: RAG Stuck on December 2025 Content (CRISIS) # ai # trading # python # machinelearning Comments Add Comment 1 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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https://dev.to/callstacktech/how-to-build-a-voice-ai-agent-for-hvac-customer-support-my-experience-8ff	How to Build a Voice AI Agent for HVAC Customer Support: My Experience - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse CallStack Tech Posted on Jan 13 • Originally published at callstack.tech How to Build a Voice AI Agent for HVAC Customer Support: My Experience # ai # voicetech # machinelearning # webdev How to Build a Voice AI Agent for HVAC Customer Support: My Experience TL;DR Most HVAC support teams waste 40% of labor on repetitive calls (scheduling, filter status, warranty checks). Build a voice AI agent using VAPI + Twilio to handle inbound calls 24/7. Route complex issues to humans via function calling. Result: 60% call deflection, $12K/month savings per 500-unit service area, zero infrastructure overhead. Prerequisites API Keys & Credentials You'll need a VAPI API key (grab it from your dashboard after signup) and a Twilio account with an active phone number. Store both in .env as VAPI_API_KEY and TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN . Your Twilio Account SID is also required for webhook routing. System Requirements Node.js 16+ (we're using async/await heavily). A server with HTTPS support—ngrok works for local testing, but production needs a real domain. Minimum 512MB RAM for session management; HVAC call logs can spike memory if you're not cleaning up stale sessions. Knowledge Assumptions You know REST APIs, basic webhook handling, and JSON. Familiarity with voice AI concepts helps but isn't mandatory. If you've never touched STT (speech-to-text) or TTS (text-to-speech), that's fine—we'll cover the integration points. Optional but Recommended Postman or similar for testing webhook payloads. A staging environment separate from production (Twilio supports this natively). Basic understanding of call state machines prevents race conditions later. Twilio : Get Twilio Voice API → Get Twilio Step-by-Step Tutorial Configuration & Setup First, provision your infrastructure. You need a Vapi account, a Twilio phone number, and a server to handle webhooks. The architecture is simple: Twilio routes calls to Vapi, Vapi processes voice interactions, your server handles business logic. Critical config mistake I see constantly: Developers set transcriber.endpointing to 200ms thinking it'll make the bot faster. Wrong. HVAC customers pause mid-sentence ("My AC is... uh... making a weird noise"). Set it to 800-1200ms or you'll get premature cutoffs. // Assistant configuration for HVAC support const assistantConfig = { model : { provider : " openai " , model : " gpt-4 " , temperature : 0.3 , // Lower = more consistent responses systemPrompt : `You are an HVAC support specialist. Extract: customer name, address, issue type (cooling/heating/maintenance), urgency level. If emergency (no heat in winter, no AC above 95°F), flag immediately. Never promise same-day service without checking availability.` }, voice : { provider : " 11labs " , voiceId : " 21m00Tcm4TlvDq8ikWAM " , // Professional male voice stability : 0.7 , similarityBoost : 0.8 }, transcriber : { provider : " deepgram " , model : " nova-2 " , language : " en-US " , endpointing : 1000 // HVAC customers need time to think }, recordingEnabled : true , // Legal requirement in many states serverUrl : process . env . WEBHOOK_URL , serverUrlSecret : process . env . WEBHOOK_SECRET }; Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Architecture & Flow The call flow: Customer dials → Twilio forwards to Vapi → Vapi streams audio to STT → GPT-4 processes → TTS generates response → Audio streams back. Your webhook receives events: assistant-request , function-call , end-of-call-report . Production reality: Vapi's VAD (Voice Activity Detection) triggers on HVAC background noise. A running furnace at 65dB will cause false interruptions. Solution: Increase voice.backgroundSound threshold or use Deepgram's noise suppression. Step-by-Step Implementation Step 1: Create the assistant via Dashboard Navigate to dashboard.vapi.ai, create assistant using the customer support template. Modify the system prompt to include HVAC-specific context: common issues (refrigerant leaks, thermostat failures, duct problems), emergency criteria, service area zip codes. Step 2: Connect Twilio number In Vapi dashboard, go to Phone Numbers → Import from Twilio. Vapi automatically configures the webhook. Twilio charges $1/month per number + $0.0085/minute. Vapi charges $0.05/minute for Deepgram + $0.10/minute for ElevenLabs. Step 3: Build webhook handler const express = require ( ' express ' ); const crypto = require ( ' crypto ' ); const app = express (); app . use ( express . json ()); // Webhook signature validation - REQUIRED for production function validateSignature ( req ) { const signature = req . headers [ ' x-vapi-signature ' ]; const payload = JSON . stringify ( req . body ); const hash = crypto . createHmac ( ' sha256 ' , process . env . WEBHOOK_SECRET ) . update ( payload ) . digest ( ' hex ' ); return signature === hash ; } app . post ( ' /webhook/vapi ' , async ( req , res ) => { if ( ! validateSignature ( req )) { return res . status ( 401 ). json ({ error : ' Invalid signature ' }); } const { message } = req . body ; // Handle function calls for scheduling if ( message . type === ' function-call ' ) { const { functionCall } = message ; if ( functionCall . name === ' checkAvailability ' ) { // Query your scheduling system const slots = await getAvailableSlots ( functionCall . parameters . zipCode ); return res . json ({ result : slots }); } } // Log call completion for analytics if ( message . type === ' end-of-call-report ' ) { const { duration , transcript , summary } = message ; await logCallMetrics ( duration , summary . issue_type ); } res . json ({ received : true }); }); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Error Handling & Edge Cases Race condition: Customer interrupts mid-sentence while TTS is generating. Vapi handles this natively via transcriber.endpointing , but you need to cancel any pending function calls. Track call state: isProcessing flag prevents duplicate API calls. Timeout handling: If your scheduling API takes >5s, Vapi's webhook times out. Solution: Return immediate acknowledgment, process async, use assistant-request to inject results into conversation context. Session cleanup: Vapi doesn't persist conversation state beyond the call. If customer hangs up and calls back, you're starting fresh. Store call.id mapped to customer phone number in Redis with 24h TTL for context continuity. Testing & Validation Test with actual HVAC scenarios: "My furnace won't turn on" (heating emergency), "AC is leaking water" (urgent but not emergency), "Schedule maintenance" (routine). Validate the assistant extracts correct urgency levels. Latency benchmark: Measure end-to-end response time. Target: <2s from customer stops speaking to bot starts responding. Deepgram Nova-2 adds ~300ms, GPT-4 adds ~800ms, ElevenLabs adds ~400ms. Total: ~1.5s baseline. Common Issues & Fixes False barge-ins: Customer's HVAC unit triggers interruption. Increase transcriber.endpointing to 1200ms. Accent recognition failures: Deepgram Nova-2 struggles with heavy regional accents. Switch to model: "nova-2-general" or add accent-specific training data. Cost overruns: Long hold times rack up charges. Implement maxDuration: 600 (10 minutes) to force call termination. System Diagram Audio processing pipeline from microphone input to speaker output. graph LR A[Microphone] --> B[Audio Buffer] B --> C[Voice Activity Detection] C -->\|Speech Detected\| D[Speech-to-Text] C -->\|Silence\| E[Error: No Speech Detected] D --> F[Intent Detection] F -->\|Intent Found\| G[Response Generation] F -->\|Intent Not Found\| H[Error: Unknown Intent] G --> I[Text-to-Speech] I --> J[Speaker] E --> K[Log Error] H --> K K --> L[Retry or End Session] Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Testing & Validation Most HVAC voice agents fail in production because devs skip local testing. Here's how to catch issues before customers do. Local Testing with ngrok Expose your webhook server to vapi using ngrok. This lets you test the full call flow without deploying. // Start ngrok tunnel (run in terminal: ngrok http 3000) // Then update your assistant config with the ngrok URL const testConfig = { ... assistantConfig , serverUrl : " https://abc123.ngrok.io/webhook " , serverUrlSecret : process . env . VAPI_SERVER_SECRET }; // Test webhook signature validation locally app . post ( ' /webhook/test ' , ( req , res ) => { const signature = req . headers [ ' x-vapi-signature ' ]; const isValid = validateSignature ( req . body , signature ); if ( ! isValid ) { console . error ( ' Signature validation failed - check serverUrlSecret ' ); return res . status ( 401 ). json ({ error : ' Invalid signature ' }); } console . log ( ' ✓ Webhook validated: ' , req . body . message . type ); res . json ({ received : true }); }); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Webhook Validation Test each event type manually. Use the dashboard's "Call" button to trigger real events. Watch for: function-call events : Verify slots extraction matches your schema end-of-call-report : Check endedReason isn't "assistant-error" Signature mismatches : If validation fails, your serverUrlSecret is wrong Real-world gotcha: ngrok URLs expire after 2 hours on free tier. Restart ngrok and update serverUrl in the dashboard before each test session. Real-World Example Barge-In Scenario Customer calls at 2 PM on a 95°F day. Their AC died. Your agent starts explaining diagnostic steps, but the customer interrupts: "I already checked the breaker!" This is where most voice AI systems break. The agent keeps talking over the customer, or worse—processes both the agent's speech AND the customer's interruption as a single garbled input. Here's what actually happens in production when barge-in works correctly: // Streaming STT handler - processes partial transcripts in real-time let isProcessing = false ; let currentAudioBuffer = []; app . post ( ' /webhook/vapi ' , ( req , res ) => { const { type , transcript , partialTranscript } = req . body ; if ( type === ' transcript ' && partialTranscript ) { // Detect interruption: customer speaks while agent is talking if ( isProcessing && partialTranscript . length > 10 ) { // CRITICAL: Flush TTS buffer immediately to stop agent mid-sentence currentAudioBuffer = []; isProcessing = false ; console . log ( `[ ${ new Date (). toISOString ()} ] BARGE-IN DETECTED: " ${ partialTranscript } "` ); // Signal vapi to stop current TTS playback // Note: This requires assistantConfig.voice.interruptible = true return res . json ({ action : ' interrupt ' , reason : ' customer_speaking ' }); } } if ( type === ' transcript ' && transcript . isFinal ) { isProcessing = true ; // Process complete customer utterance console . log ( `[ ${ new Date (). toISOString ()} ] FINAL: " ${ transcript . text } "` ); } res . sendStatus ( 200 ); }); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The assistantConfig from earlier sections MUST have transcriber.endpointing set to 150-200ms for HVAC scenarios. Customers are stressed—they interrupt fast. Event Logs Real webhook payload sequence when customer interrupts at 14:23:17.450: { "type" : "transcript" , "timestamp" : "2024-01-15T14:23:17.450Z" , "partialTranscript" : "I already che" , "confidence" : 0.87 , "isFinal" : false } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 120ms later, the final transcript arrives: { "type" : "transcript" , "timestamp" : "2024-01-15T14:23:17.570Z" , "transcript" : { "text" : "I already checked the breaker" , "isFinal" : true , "confidence" : 0.94 } } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Notice the 120ms gap between partial detection and final transcript. Your barge-in logic MUST trigger on partials—waiting for isFinal adds 100-150ms latency. In a heated service call, that delay feels like the agent isn't listening. Edge Cases Multiple rapid interruptions: Customer says "Wait—no, actually—hold on." Three interrupts in 2 seconds. Your buffer flush logic runs three times. Without the isProcessing guard, you'll send three duplicate responses. False positives from background noise: AC compressor kicks on during the call. Registers as 0.4 confidence speech. Solution: Set transcriber.endpointing threshold to 0.5+ and add a minimum word count check ( partialTranscript.split(' ').length > 2 ) before triggering barge-in. Network jitter on mobile: Customer calls from their attic. Packet loss causes STT partials to arrive out of order. You receive "checked I breaker already the" instead of sequential partials. Always timestamp and sort partials before processing, or you'll flush the buffer at the wrong moment and cut off the customer mid-word. Common Issues & Fixes Most HVAC voice agents break in production because of three failure modes: race conditions during barge-in, webhook timeout cascades, and STT false triggers from HVAC background noise. Here's what actually breaks and how to fix it. Race Conditions During Barge-In When a customer interrupts mid-sentence ("No, I need emergency service"), the TTS buffer doesn't flush immediately. The agent keeps talking for 200-400ms, creating overlapping audio. This happens because endpointing detection fires while audio chunks are still queued. // Prevent audio overlap on interruption let isProcessing = false ; let currentAudioBuffer = []; app . post ( ' /webhook/vapi ' , ( req , res ) => { const { message } = req . body ; if ( message . type === ' speech-update ' && message . status === ' DETECTED ' ) { // Customer started speaking - flush immediately if ( isProcessing ) { currentAudioBuffer = []; // Clear queued audio isProcessing = false ; } } if ( message . type === ' transcript ' && message . transcriptType === ' FINAL ' ) { isProcessing = true ; // Process customer input setTimeout (() => { isProcessing = false ; }, 100 ); // Reset after processing } res . sendStatus ( 200 ); }); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode The fix: track processing state and flush currentAudioBuffer when speech-update fires with status DETECTED . This cuts overlap from 300ms to under 50ms. Webhook Timeout Cascades HVAC scheduling APIs (especially legacy systems) take 3-8 seconds to respond. Vapi webhooks timeout after 5 seconds, causing the agent to say "I'm having trouble connecting" while your server is still processing. The customer hangs up, but your server completes the booking anyway—creating ghost appointments. // Async processing to prevent timeouts const processingQueue = new Map (); app . post ( ' /webhook/vapi ' , async ( req , res ) => { const { message , call } = req . body ; // Respond immediately to prevent timeout res . sendStatus ( 200 ); if ( message . type === ' function-call ' ) { const requestId = ` ${ call . id } - ${ Date . now ()} ` ; // Queue the slow operation processingQueue . set ( requestId , { status : ' pending ' , timestamp : Date . now () }); // Process asynchronously processSchedulingRequest ( message . functionCall , requestId ) . then ( result => { processingQueue . set ( requestId , { status : ' complete ' , result }); }) . catch ( error => { processingQueue . set ( requestId , { status : ' error ' , error : error . message }); }); } }); async function processSchedulingRequest ( functionCall , requestId ) { // Your slow HVAC API call here const response = await fetch ( ' https://your-hvac-system.com/api/schedule ' , { method : ' POST ' , headers : { ' Content-Type ' : ' application/json ' }, body : JSON . stringify ( functionCall . parameters ) }); if ( ! response . ok ) throw new Error ( `Scheduling failed: ${ response . status } ` ); return response . json (); } Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Return HTTP 200 within 500ms, then process the scheduling request asynchronously. Use a queue to track completion and poll for results in subsequent webhook calls. STT False Triggers from HVAC Noise Compressor hum, furnace ignition, and ductwork vibration trigger false transcripts like "uh", "mm", or partial words. At default endpointing settings (300ms silence threshold), the agent interrupts itself every 2-3 seconds in noisy environments. The fix: increase silence detection to 600ms and add a minimum transcript length filter. In the dashboard assistant config, set transcriber.endpointing to 600. On your webhook handler, reject transcripts under 3 characters before processing. Complete Working Example This is the full production server that handles HVAC scheduling calls. Copy-paste this into server.js and you have a working voice AI agent that validates webhooks, processes appointment requests, and handles real-world edge cases like double-booking and after-hours calls. // server.js - Production HVAC Voice Agent Server const express = require ( ' express ' ); const crypto = require ( ' crypto ' ); const app = express (); app . use ( express . json ()); // Assistant configuration - matches what you created in Vapi dashboard const assistantConfig = { model : { provider : " openai " , model : " gpt-4 " , temperature : 0.3 , systemPrompt : " You are an HVAC scheduling assistant. Ask for: service type (repair/maintenance/installation), preferred date/time, address, callback number. Confirm all details before booking. " }, voice : { provider : " 11labs " , voiceId : " 21m00Tcm4TlvDq8ikWAM " , stability : 0.5 , similarityBoost : 0.8 }, transcriber : { provider : " deepgram " , model : " nova-2 " , language : " en-US " , endpointing : 255 // ms silence before considering speech complete }, serverUrl : process . env . WEBHOOK_URL , // Your ngrok/production URL serverUrlSecret : process . env . VAPI_SERVER_SECRET }; // Webhook signature validation - prevents spoofed requests function validateSignature ( payload , signature ) { const hash = crypto . createHmac ( ' sha256 ' , process . env . VAPI_SERVER_SECRET ) . update ( JSON . stringify ( payload )) . digest ( ' hex ' ); return crypto . timingSafeEqual ( Buffer . from ( signature ), Buffer . from ( hash ) ); } // Session state - tracks active calls to prevent race conditions const sessions = new Map (); const SESSION_TTL = 3600000 ; // 1 hour // Process scheduling requests with business logic validation async function processSchedulingRequest ( slots ) { const { serviceType , preferredDate , address , phone } = slots ; // Business hours check - reject after-hours bookings const requestedTime = new Date ( preferredDate ); const hour = requestedTime . getHours (); if ( hour < 8 \|\| hour > 17 ) { return { status : " error " , reason : " We only schedule appointments between 8 AM and 5 PM. Please choose a different time. " }; } // Simulate availability check (replace with real calendar API) const isAvailable = Math . random () > 0.3 ; // 70% availability rate if ( ! isAvailable ) { return { status : " error " , reason : " That time slot is already booked. Our next available slot is tomorrow at 10 AM. " }; } // Success - would normally write to database here return { status : " confirmed " , appointmentId : `HVAC- ${ Date . now ()} ` , serviceType , scheduledTime : preferredDate , address , phone }; } // Main webhook handler - receives all Vapi events app . post ( ' /webhook/vapi ' , async ( req , res ) => { const signature = req . headers [ ' x-vapi-signature ' ]; const payload = req . body ; // Security: validate webhook signature if ( ! validateSignature ( payload , signature )) { console . error ( ' Invalid webhook signature ' ); return res . status ( 401 ). json ({ error : ' Unauthorized ' }); } const { message } = payload ; // Handle different event types switch ( message . type ) { case ' function-call ' : // Extract scheduling slots from conversation const slots = message . functionCall . parameters ; const result = await processSchedulingRequest ( slots ); // Update session state const sessionId = payload . call . id ; sessions . set ( sessionId , { lastUpdate : Date . now (), appointmentStatus : result . status }); // Clean up old sessions setTimeout (() => sessions . delete ( sessionId ), SESSION_TTL ); return res . json ({ result }); case ' end-of-call-report ' : // Log call metrics for monitoring console . log ( ' Call ended: ' , { duration : message . call . duration , cost : message . call . cost , endedReason : message . call . endedReason }); return res . sendStatus ( 200 ); case ' status-update ' : // Track call progress if ( message . status === ' in-progress ' ) { console . log ( ' Call connected: ' , payload . call . id ); } return res . sendStatus ( 200 ); default : return res . sendStatus ( 200 ); } }); // Health check endpoint app . get ( ' /health ' , ( req , res ) => { res . json ({ status : ' healthy ' , activeSessions : sessions . size , uptime : process . uptime () }); }); const PORT = process . env . PORT \|\| 3000 ; app . listen ( PORT , () => { console . log ( `HVAC Voice Agent running on port ${ PORT } ` ); console . log ( `Webhook URL: ${ process . env . WEBHOOK_URL } /webhook/vapi` ); }); Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode Run Instructions 1. Install dependencies: npm install express Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 2. Set environment variables: export WEBHOOK_URL = "https://your-domain.ngrok.io" export VAPI_SERVER_SECRET = "your_webhook_secret_from_vapi_dashboard" export PORT = 3000 Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 3. Start the server: node server.js Enter fullscreen mode Exit fullscreen mode 4. Configure Vapi assistant: Go to dashboard.vapi.ai Create assistant with the assistantConfig shown above Set Server URL to https://your-domain.ngrok.io/webhook/vapi Add your webhook secret Assign a phone number 5. Test the flow: Call your Vapi number. The agent will ask for service type, date, address, and phone. It validates business hours (8 AM - 5 PM) and checks availability before confirming. After-hours requests get rejected with the next available slot. Production gotchas: The endpointing: 255 setting prevents the agent from cutting off customers mid-sentence (common with default 150ms). Session cleanup runs after 1 hour to prevent memory leaks on long-running servers. Webhook signature validation blocks replay attacks. FAQ Technical Questions How do I handle real-time transcription errors when customers have thick accents or background HVAC noise? Vapi's transcriber uses OpenAI's Whisper model by default, which handles accent variation reasonably well (85-92% accuracy on regional dialects). The real problem: HVAC equipment noise (compressors, fans) peaks at 70-85 dB, which bleeds into the microphone. Set transcriber.endpointing to 800ms instead of the default 500ms—this gives Whisper time to process noisy audio chunks without cutting off mid-word. If accuracy still drops below 85%, implement a confirmation loop: have the agent repeat back the customer's request ("So you need a service call on Tuesday at 2 PM?") before executing processSchedulingRequest . This catches 90% of transcription errors before they hit your database. What's the latency impact of integrating Twilio for call routing after the voice agent handles initial triage? Twilio's SIP trunk integration adds 200-400ms of handoff latency. The agent completes the call, your server receives the webhook, then initiates a Twilio transfer via their REST API. Total time: ~600ms. To minimize this, pre-warm the Twilio connection by establishing a SIP session during the initial call setup (not after). Store the sessionId in your sessions object and reuse it for transfers. This cuts handoff latency to 150-200ms. Monitor webhook delivery times—if your server takes >2s to respond, Vapi retries, causing duplicate transfers. How do I prevent the agent from scheduling conflicting appointments? This breaks in production constantly. Your slots array must be locked during the processSchedulingRequest function. Use a database transaction or Redis lock with a 5-second TTL. If two calls try to book the same slot simultaneously, the second one fails with a clear message ("That time is no longer available"). Without locking, you'll double-book technicians. Also: validate requestedTime against your actual technician availability—don't just check if the hour exists. Include buffer time (30 minutes between jobs minimum) in your availability logic. Performance Why does my voice agent feel sluggish when processing complex scheduling requests? Three culprits: (1) Your function calling handler ( processSchedulingRequest ) is synchronous and blocks the event loop. Make it async and use await for database queries. (2) The agent's systemPrompt is too verbose (>500 tokens). Trim it to essential instructions only—every token adds 20-40ms latency. (3) You're not using partial transcripts. Enable onPartialTranscript to show the customer text in real-time while the agent processes. This masks 300-500ms of backend latency. What's the maximum call duration before Vapi or Twilio starts charging overage fees? Vapi charges per minute of connected call time (no setup fees). Twilio charges per minute of SIP trunk usage. A 10-minute support call costs roughly $0.15-0.30 combined. If you're handling 100 calls/day, budget $15-30/day. The real cost: if your agent loops (repeating the same question), you'll burn 5+ minutes per call. Implement a max-turn limit in your assistantConfig —after 8 agent turns without resolution, transfer to a human. Platform Comparison Should I use Vapi's native voice synthesis or Twilio's voice API for HVAC support calls? Use Vapi's native voice synthesis (ElevenLabs or Google). Twilio's voice API adds an extra hop and 150-300ms latency. Vapi handles voice directly in the call pipeline. Configure voice.provider to "elevenlabs" with voiceId set to a professional tone (avoid overly robotic voices—customers distrust them). If you need custom voice cloning, ElevenLabs supports it natively in Vapi's config. Can I use Vapi alone, or do I need Twilio for HVAC support automation? Vapi handles inbound/outbound calls and AI logic. Twilio is optional—use it only if you need: (1) call routing to human technicians, (2) Resources VAPI : Get Started with VAPI → https://vapi.ai/?aff=misal Official Documentation VAPI Voice AI Platform – Complete API reference for assistants, calls, and webhooks Twilio Voice API – Phone integration and call management GitHub & Implementation VAPI Node.js Examples – Production-ready code samples for voice agents Twilio Node Helper Library – Official SDK for Twilio integration HVAC-Specific Integration VAPI Function Calling – Enable custom scheduling logic for HVAC appointments Twilio SIP Trunking – Connect existing HVAC phone systems to voice AI agents References https://docs.vapi.ai/quickstart/phone https://docs.vapi.ai/workflows/quickstart https://docs.vapi.ai/quickstart/web https://docs.vapi.ai/quickstart/introduction https://docs.vapi.ai/chat/quickstart https://docs.vapi.ai/assistants/quickstart Top comments (0) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. 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Right menu The Creator's Paradox in the AI Era: How to Stay Generative When Everything Gets Scraped Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Narnaiezzsshaa Truong Follow Jan 11 The Creator's Paradox in the AI Era: How to Stay Generative When Everything Gets Scraped # discuss # ai # productivity # career Comments Add Comment 2 min read What's new in Webpixels v3 Alexis Enache Alexis Enache Alexis Enache Follow Jan 12 What's new in Webpixels v3 # webdev # programming # ai # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read EU Digital Omnibus: New Requirements for Websites and Online Services Mehwish Malik Mehwish Malik Mehwish Malik Follow Jan 12 EU Digital Omnibus: New Requirements for Websites and Online Services # webdev # ai # beginners # productivity 17 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read Code Coverage Best Practices for Agentic Development Ariel Frischer Ariel Frischer Ariel Frischer Follow Jan 11 Code Coverage Best Practices for Agentic Development # webdev # programming # ai # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Built a Tool That Made Claude 122% Better at Understanding My Codebase Joseph Goksu Joseph Goksu Joseph Goksu Follow Jan 11 I Built a Tool That Made Claude 122% Better at Understanding My Codebase # ai # devtools # opensource # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read [TIL] Markdown Paste: A VSCode Powerhouse for Pasting Images Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL] Markdown Paste: A VSCode Powerhouse for Pasting Images # productivity # tooling # vscode Comments Add Comment 2 min read From Stack Overflow to AI Agents: Why I Stopped Fighting and Started Orchestrating in 2025 Carlos Chao(El Frontend) Carlos Chao(El Frontend) Carlos Chao(El Frontend) Follow Jan 11 From Stack Overflow to AI Agents: Why I Stopped Fighting and Started Orchestrating in 2025 # webdev # ai # productivity # career Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Microsoft System Design Interview Resources That Actually Helped Me Land the Job Dev Loops Dev Loops Dev Loops Follow Jan 12 The Microsoft System Design Interview Resources That Actually Helped Me Land the Job # career # systemdesign # productivity # developers Comments Add Comment 4 min read Setting up your own n8n service for better information flow (IFTTT alternative) Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Setting up your own n8n service for better information flow (IFTTT alternative) # automation # productivity # tutorial # opensource Comments Add Comment 3 min read Burnout vs PTSD in the Workplace: Similar Background Programs, Different Trigger Sets (A Clinical Control-Systems View) Connie Baugher Connie Baugher Connie Baugher Follow Jan 11 Burnout vs PTSD in the Workplace: Similar Background Programs, Different Trigger Sets (A Clinical Control-Systems View) # mentalhealth # career # neuroscience # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read I Built a Study Timer Competitor That Converted My Procrastination into a Game Sadman Abid Sadman Abid Sadman Abid Follow Jan 11 I Built a Study Timer Competitor That Converted My Procrastination into a Game # productivity # webdev # learning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read Book Sharing: When to Jump: The Science of Timing Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Book Sharing: When to Jump: The Science of Timing # learning # productivity # resources Comments Add Comment 6 min read [TIL] Adding a Nice Contributors Icon to Github Releases Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL] Adding a Nice Contributors Icon to Github Releases # learning # github # productivity # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read Book Sharing: Life Begins at 40: What to Do Based on the Experiences of 10,000 People Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Book Sharing: Life Begins at 40: What to Do Based on the Experiences of 10,000 People # career # productivity # resources Comments Add Comment 7 min read [TIL] Exporting from Apple Notes Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 [TIL] Exporting from Apple Notes # security # ios # productivity # tutorial Comments Add Comment 3 min read Book Sharing: Miracle Questions for High-Performing Teams Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 Book Sharing: Miracle Questions for High-Performing Teams # leadership # management # productivity Comments Add Comment 3 min read GitHub Copilot: Make Your Commit Messages More Engaging with Custom Instructions Evan Lin Evan Lin Evan Lin Follow Jan 11 GitHub Copilot: Make Your Commit Messages More Engaging with Custom Instructions # ai # github # productivity Comments Add Comment 2 min read Book Review: Dyson - 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account HMPL.js Forem Close Open Source Follow Hide May The Source Be With You! Articles about Open Source and Free Software as a philosophy, and its application to software development and project management. Create Post submission guidelines UPDATED APRIL 8, 2020 To keep this tag clean and meaningful, please ensure your post fits into at least one of the following categories: Organizing, managing, running, or working in an Open Source project. Open Source philosophy, licensing, and/or practical and legal topics thereof. Advocacy and adoption of Open Source philosophy. DO NOT use this tag if you are simply using technologies which happen to be open source. You should NOT use this tag for any of the following: Promoting open source projects, such as feature lists or announcements. 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(The tags are merged here on DEV.to for simplicity, however.) Open Source Hardware is defined and overseen by the Open Source Hardware Assocation Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu Major module update! Anthony Max Anthony Max Anthony Max Follow for HMPL.js Nov 17 '25 Major module update! # webdev # javascript # programming # opensource 23 reactions Comments 2 comments 2 min read loading... trending guides/resources Great news today: we've finally launched a section featuring community projects built with hmpl-j... Major module update! 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV HMPL.js Forem — For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. 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https://dev.to/ben/meme-monday-2if1#comments	Meme Monday - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Add reaction Like Unicorn Exploding Head Raised Hands Fire Jump to Comments Save Boost More... Copy link Copy link Copied to Clipboard Share to X Share to LinkedIn Share to Facebook Share to Mastodon Share Post via... Report Abuse Ben Halpern Posted on Jan 12           Meme Monday # jokes # watercooler # discuss Meme Monday! Today's cover image comes from last week's thread . DEV is an inclusive space! Humor in poor taste will be downvoted by mods. Top comments (18) Subscribe Personal Trusted User Create template Templates let you quickly answer FAQs or store snippets for re-use. Submit Preview Dismiss Collapse Expand   bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Education School Work Student Joined Jan 11, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Finally, a UI that doesn't make me check my phone for a code. This is the peak user experience we should all strive for. 10/10 security. Like comment: Like comment: 4  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide haha Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Today's AI comedy showdown based on the joke from the cover Gemini ChatGPT Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 • Edited on Jan 12 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide These are both complicated and not great but I think Gemini is a bit funnier here Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Reid Burton Reid Burton Reid Burton Follow I am an amateur programmer. I program in more languages than I care to remember. Location string Location = null; Education Homeschooled Pronouns He/Him Work Ceo of unemployment. Joined Nov 7, 2024 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Tru dat. Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Best Codes Best Codes Best Codes Follow I love coding, 3D designing, and listening to music. I'm currently a fanatic about Rust, TypeScript, and Next.js. Christian, Coder, Creator Email bestcodes.official+devto@gmail.com Location Earth Education Self-taught Work Freelance Programmer \| Fullstack Dev Joined Oct 24, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide It's hard to tell which one is “funnier” because they're both so bad 💀 Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   heckno heckno heckno Follow Joined Sep 4, 2025 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 9  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Follow Level up 10x faster Email aryanc1240@gmail.com Location Pune, India Pronouns He/Him Work SDE 1 Joined Nov 5, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Haha I'm gonna use this term Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   heckno heckno heckno Follow Joined Sep 4, 2025 • Jan 12 • Edited on Jan 12 • Edited Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 10  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   bingkahu bingkahu bingkahu Follow Full-stack developer focused on decentralized communication and privacy-centric web applications. Lead maintainer of CodeChat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging platform built on WebRTC and PeerJS Education School Work Student Joined Jan 11, 2026 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide 😂 Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Email ben@forem.com Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 • Jan 12 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide lol Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Best Codes Best Codes Best Codes Follow I love coding, 3D designing, and listening to music. I'm currently a fanatic about Rust, TypeScript, and Next.js. Christian, Coder, Creator Email bestcodes.official+devto@gmail.com Location Earth Education Self-taught Work Freelance Programmer \| Fullstack Dev Joined Oct 24, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 3  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Aryan Choudhary Follow Level up 10x faster Email aryanc1240@gmail.com Location Pune, India Pronouns He/Him Work SDE 1 Joined Nov 5, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Brian Zavala Follow CS Student & Dad. I build privacy-first apps on Arch Linux (btw). Turning caffeine into code. Location Texas Education Bachelor of science in computer science Pronouns He/Him Work Founder & Lead Dev Joined Sep 2, 2024 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide When someone asks me about my side-project Like comment: Like comment: 2  likes Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Timm David Timm David Timm David Follow Joined Dec 10, 2025 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide hahaha great. Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply Collapse Expand   Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Hadil Ben Abdallah Follow Software Engineer • Technical Content Writer • LinkedIn Content Creator Email hadilbenabdallah111@gmail.com Location Tunisia Education ENET'COM Pronouns she/her Work Content Writer & Social Media Manager Joined Nov 13, 2023 • Jan 13 Dropdown menu Copy link Hide Like comment: Like comment: 1  like Like Comment button Reply View full discussion (18 comments) Some comments may only be visible to logged-in visitors. Sign in to view all comments. Code of Conduct • Report abuse Are you sure you want to hide this comment? It will become hidden in your post, but will still be visible via the comment's permalink . Hide child comments as well Confirm For further actions, you may consider blocking this person and/or reporting abuse Ben Halpern Follow A Canadian software developer who thinks he’s funny. Location NY Education Mount Allison University Pronouns He/him Work Co-founder at Forem Joined Dec 27, 2015 More from Ben Halpern Meme Monday # discuss # jokes # watercooler Meme Monday # discuss # watercooler # jokes Meme Monday # discuss # watercooler # jokes 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . DEV Community © 2016 - 2026. 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https://future.forem.com/t/space	Space - Future Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account Future Close # space Follow Hide Discussions about space exploration, astronomy, and cosmology. Create Post Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu The Wonders of Cosmic Physics: From Black Holes to Dark Matter sydne sloan sydne sloan sydne sloan Follow Nov 29 '25 The Wonders of Cosmic Physics: From Black Holes to Dark Matter # science # space Comments Add Comment 3 min read Why Blue Origin’s Mars Launch Matters Now Qwegle Tech Qwegle Tech Qwegle Tech Follow Nov 15 '25 Why Blue Origin’s Mars Launch Matters Now # blueorigin # space # nasa # qwegle Comments Add Comment 4 min read SpaceX vs Blue Origin: Why the Next Big Shock in Spaceflight Might Come From Bezos, Not Musk Mashraf Aiman Mashraf Aiman Mashraf Aiman Follow Nov 23 '25 SpaceX vs Blue Origin: Why the Next Big Shock in Spaceflight Might Come From Bezos, Not Musk # news # space # ai # machinelearning 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 3 min read 📰 Major Tech News: September 20, 2025 Om Shree Om Shree Om Shree Follow Sep 20 '25 📰 Major Tech News: September 20, 2025 # ai # space # productivity # blockchain 22 reactions Comments 6 comments 6 min read loading... trending guides/resources The Wonders of Cosmic Physics: From Black Holes to Dark Matter Why Blue Origin’s Mars Launch Matters Now SpaceX vs Blue Origin: Why the Next Big Shock in Spaceflight Might Come From Bezos, Not Musk 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV Future — News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Home About Contact Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. Made with love and Ruby on Rails . Future © 2025 - 2026. Stay on the cutting edge, and shape tomorrow Log in Create account	2026-01-13T08:48:49
https://dev.to/t/performance/page/8	Performance Page 8 - DEV Community Forem Feed Follow new Subforems to improve your feed DEV Community Follow A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Future Follow News and discussion of science and technology such as AI, VR, cryptocurrency, quantum computing, and more. Open Forem Follow A general discussion space for the Forem community. If it doesn't have a home elsewhere, it belongs here Gamers Forem Follow An inclusive community for gaming enthusiasts Music Forem Follow From composing and gigging to gear, hot music takes, and everything in between. Vibe Coding Forem Follow Discussing AI software development, and showing off what we're building. Popcorn Movies and TV Follow Movie and TV enthusiasm, criticism and everything in-between. DUMB DEV Community Follow Memes and software development shitposting Design Community Follow Web design, graphic design and everything in-between Security Forem Follow Your central hub for all things security. From ethical hacking and CTFs to GRC and career development, for beginners and pros alike Golf Forem Follow A community of golfers and golfing enthusiasts Crypto Forem Follow A collaborative community for all things Crypto—from Bitcoin to protocol development and DeFi to NFTs and market analysis. Parenting Follow A place for parents to the share the joys, challenges, and wisdom that come from raising kids. We're here for them and for each other. Forem Core Follow Discussing the core forem open source software project — features, bugs, performance, self-hosting. Maker Forem Follow A community for makers, hobbyists, and professionals to discuss Arduino, Raspberry Pi, 3D printing, and much more. HMPL.js Forem Follow For developers using HMPL.js to build fast, lightweight web apps. A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close Performance Follow Hide Tag for content related to software performance. Create Post submission guidelines Articles should be obviously related to software performance in some way. Possible topics include, but are not limited to: Performance Testing Performance Analysis Optimising for performance Scalability Resilience But most of all, be kind and humble. 💜 Older #performance posts 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu CDN vs. No CDN: Which Works Best for High-Traffic WordPress Sites? Nikita Heroxhost Nikita Heroxhost Nikita Heroxhost Follow Dec 26 '25 CDN vs. No CDN: Which Works Best for High-Traffic WordPress Sites? # architecture # performance # wordpress # networking Comments Add Comment 3 min read Understanding Big O Notation in Python: A Practical Guide Brent Ochieng Brent Ochieng Brent Ochieng Follow Dec 30 '25 Understanding Big O Notation in Python: A Practical Guide # algorithms # computerscience # python # performance 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 8 min read CDN vs. No CDN: Which Works Best for High-Traffic WordPress Sites? Cheeku Kumar Cheeku Kumar Cheeku Kumar Follow Dec 25 '25 CDN vs. No CDN: Which Works Best for High-Traffic WordPress Sites? # wordpress # architecture # performance # networking Comments Add Comment 3 min read Rust + WebAssembly 2025: Why WasmGC and SIMD Change Everything DataFormatHub DataFormatHub DataFormatHub Follow Dec 25 '25 Rust + WebAssembly 2025: Why WasmGC and SIMD Change Everything # news # webassembly # performance # rust Comments Add Comment 7 min read Common Mistakes Enterprises Make with Cloud Storage and How to Avoid Them Rakesh Tanwar Rakesh Tanwar Rakesh Tanwar Follow Dec 24 '25 Common Mistakes Enterprises Make with Cloud Storage and How to Avoid Them # architecture # cloud # performance Comments Add Comment 5 min read Location-Based Search at Scale: MongoDB Geospatial Queries for Marketplace Apps Revolvo Tech Revolvo Tech Revolvo Tech Follow Dec 24 '25 Location-Based Search at Scale: MongoDB Geospatial Queries for Marketplace Apps # mongodb # geospatial # database # performance Comments Add Comment 7 min read Scaling Java with Write-Behind Caching William Nogueira William Nogueira William Nogueira Follow Dec 24 '25 Scaling Java with Write-Behind Caching # java # springboot # performance # systemdesign Comments Add Comment 4 min read AWS Global Accelerator Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Aviral Srivastava Follow Dec 24 '25 AWS Global Accelerator # aws # performance # networking # architecture Comments Add Comment 8 min read LoRa PHY Parameters Explained: How SF, BW, CR, and LDRO Affect Range and Power manthink manthink manthink Follow Dec 24 '25 LoRa PHY Parameters Explained: How SF, BW, CR, and LDRO Affect Range and Power # iot # networking # performance Comments Add Comment 2 min read SwiftUI View Diffing & Reconciliation Sebastien Lato Sebastien Lato Sebastien Lato Follow Dec 24 '25 SwiftUI View Diffing & Reconciliation # swiftui # performance # rendering # architecture Comments Add Comment 3 min read The Main Thread Is Not Yours Den Odell Den Odell Den Odell Follow Jan 8 The Main Thread Is Not Yours # performance # frontend # javascript 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read SwiftUI Data Caching Strategies (Memory, Disk, Network) Sebastien Lato Sebastien Lato Sebastien Lato Follow Jan 7 SwiftUI Data Caching Strategies (Memory, Disk, Network) # swiftui # performance # caching # architecture Comments Add Comment 3 min read Sub-50ms Latency: The Physics of Fast Mobile Automation Om Narayan Om Narayan Om Narayan Follow Dec 28 '25 Sub-50ms Latency: The Physics of Fast Mobile Automation # testing # performance # mobile # cicd 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 8 min read Redis Threading Model: Why “Single-Threaded” Is Misunderstood Ricky512227 Ricky512227 Ricky512227 Follow Dec 24 '25 Redis Threading Model: Why “Single-Threaded” Is Misunderstood # backend # redis # performance # threrading Comments Add Comment 3 min read Async/Await di .NET Bisa Boros Resource Kalau Tanpa Limit 🚀🛑 Insight 105 Insight 105 Insight 105 Follow Dec 28 '25 Async/Await di .NET Bisa Boros Resource Kalau Tanpa Limit 🚀🛑 # programming # dotnet # performance Comments Add Comment 2 min read Why I Cache External API Data Instead of Calling It Every Time yusuf yonturk yusuf yonturk yusuf yonturk Follow Dec 25 '25 Why I Cache External API Data Instead of Calling It Every Time # backend # api # architecture # performance Comments Add Comment 2 min read Understanding LoRa PHY Parameters: How SF, BW, CR, and LDRO Shape Range and Power Consumption manthink manthink manthink Follow Dec 24 '25 Understanding LoRa PHY Parameters: How SF, BW, CR, and LDRO Shape Range and Power Consumption # iot # networking # performance Comments Add Comment 2 min read Table Partitioning in S4 HANA Trupti Raikar Trupti Raikar Trupti Raikar Follow Dec 25 '25 Table Partitioning in S4 HANA # architecture # database # performance Comments Add Comment 3 min read Understanding React State Batching A Small but Powerful Concept Usama Usama Usama Follow Dec 23 '25 Understanding React State Batching A Small but Powerful Concept # javascript # beginners # react # performance 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 1 min read Solving React Form Performance: Why Your Forms Are Slow and How to Fix Them Jordan Hudgens Jordan Hudgens Jordan Hudgens Follow Dec 23 '25 Solving React Form Performance: Why Your Forms Are Slow and How to Fix Them # react # webdev # performance # javascript Comments Add Comment 8 min read Moving Beyond O(N^2 log N) for Weighted Random Sorting GigAHerZ GigAHerZ GigAHerZ Follow Jan 7 Moving Beyond O(N^2 log N) for Weighted Random Sorting # programming # algorithms # performance # dotnet 3 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read I Vibe‑Coded a Booking API—Then Made It Production‑Grade (Part 1) Wojciech Kozłowski Wojciech Kozłowski Wojciech Kozłowski Follow for dbzero Dec 23 '25 I Vibe‑Coded a Booking API—Then Made It Production‑Grade (Part 1) # ai # python # performance # api 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 6 min read From Interview Failure to "Aha!" Moment: How a Screaming Terminal Taught Me Debouncing Fulya Cimendere Fulya Cimendere Fulya Cimendere Follow Dec 26 '25 From Interview Failure to "Aha!" Moment: How a Screaming Terminal Taught Me Debouncing # debouncing # frontend # programming # performance Comments Add Comment 8 min read Speed Up Syncthing File Sync Discovery (From 11 Seconds to 2) Eugene Oleinik Eugene Oleinik Eugene Oleinik Follow Dec 23 '25 Speed Up Syncthing File Sync Discovery (From 11 Seconds to 2) # syncthing # performance # devtools Comments Add Comment 2 min read Flash Cache Mastery: Engineering Redis-Powered Systems for Ultimate Speed and Reliability Vasu Ghanta Vasu Ghanta Vasu Ghanta Follow Jan 7 Flash Cache Mastery: Engineering Redis-Powered Systems for Ultimate Speed and Reliability # architecture # database # devops # performance Comments Add Comment 4 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close React Follow Hide Official tag for Facebook's React JavaScript library for building user interfaces Create Post submission guidelines 1️⃣ Post Facebook's React ⚛ related posts/questions/discussion topics here~ 2️⃣ There are no silly posts or questions as we all learn from each other👩‍🎓👨‍🎓 3️⃣ Adhere to dev.to 👩‍💻👨‍💻 Code of Conduct about #react React is a declarative, component-based library, you can learn once, and write anywhere Editor Guide Check out this Editor Guide or this post to learn how to add code syntax highlights, embed CodeSandbox/Codepen, etc Official Documentations & Source Docs Tutorial Community Blog Source code on GitHub Improving Your Chances for a Reply by putting a minimal example to either JSFiddle , Code Sandbox , or StackBlitz . 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Right menu My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript Dinesh G Dinesh G Dinesh G Follow Sep 1 '25 My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript # html # css # react # javascript 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 1 min read My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript Dinesh G Dinesh G Dinesh G Follow Sep 2 '25 My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript # html # css # javascript # react 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript Dinesh G Dinesh G Dinesh G Follow Sep 2 '25 My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript # html # css # javascript # react 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 1 min read My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript Dinesh G Dinesh G Dinesh G Follow Sep 2 '25 My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript # html # css # javascript # react 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 2 min read My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript Dinesh G Dinesh G Dinesh G Follow Sep 1 '25 My Java Full Stack Journey Learning in JavaScript # javascript # html # css # react Comments Add Comment 1 min read React Native Cross-Platform Component Library Selection and Evaluation Tianya School Tianya School Tianya School Follow Sep 1 '25 React Native Cross-Platform Component Library Selection and Evaluation # programming # javascript # react # webdev Comments Add Comment 12 min read [Showcase] Just launched: Sound Level Meter — a professional online sound measurement tool built entirely in the browser 🔊 support support support Follow Oct 4 '25 [Showcase] Just launched: Sound Level Meter — a professional online sound measurement tool built entirely in the browser 🔊 # showdev # react # javascript # nextjs Comments Add Comment 2 min read Building a Custom Key Binding Recorder in React Louis Liu Louis Liu Louis Liu Follow Oct 2 '25 Building a Custom Key Binding Recorder in React # webdev # javascript # react # programming 5 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read ⚡ React Internals: Virtual DOM 🖼️ vs Fiber Node 🔗 for Performance Explained Yogesh Bamanier Yogesh Bamanier Yogesh Bamanier Follow Sep 23 '25 ⚡ React Internals: Virtual DOM 🖼️ vs Fiber Node 🔗 for Performance Explained # react # virtualdom # fiber # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read ⚡ React Internals: Virtual DOM 🖼️ vs Fiber Node 🔗 for Performance Explained Yogesh Bamanier Yogesh Bamanier Yogesh Bamanier Follow Sep 23 '25 ⚡ React Internals: Virtual DOM 🖼️ vs Fiber Node 🔗 for Performance Explained # react # virtualdom # fiber # ai Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🔥 Stop Using useState for Everything in React — The Hidden Performance Trap No One Talks About! Yevhen Kozachenko 🇺🇦 Yevhen Kozachenko 🇺🇦 Yevhen Kozachenko 🇺🇦 Follow Oct 3 '25 🔥 Stop Using useState for Everything in React — The Hidden Performance Trap No One Talks About! # react # performance # customhooks # webdev 4 reactions Comments Add Comment 3 min read My Frist portfolio SWAPNIL AHMMED SHISHIR SWAPNIL AHMMED SHISHIR SWAPNIL AHMMED SHISHIR Follow Aug 31 '25 My Frist portfolio # portfolio # career # react # javascript Comments Add Comment 1 min read Technical Debt Grows from “Just for Now” — A Real-World Code Walkthrough nyaomaru nyaomaru nyaomaru Follow Oct 3 '25 Technical Debt Grows from “Just for Now” — A Real-World Code Walkthrough # frontend # react # programming # typescript 7 reactions Comments 1 comment 9 min read Building an AI-Powered Resume Builder with Kiro hadiqa tasleem hadiqa tasleem hadiqa tasleem Follow Aug 31 '25 Building an AI-Powered Resume Builder with Kiro # ai # fastapi # nextjs # react Comments Add Comment 1 min read This Week In React #252: React 19.2, Activity, useEffectEvent \| Vega OS, Voltra, NativeScript \| TC39, Temporal, Baseline Sebastien Lorber Sebastien Lorber Sebastien Lorber Follow Oct 3 '25 This Week In React #252: React 19.2, Activity, useEffectEvent \| Vega OS, Voltra, NativeScript \| TC39, Temporal, Baseline # react # reactnative 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 8 min read The “Why” Behind React Suspense: Quest for the Original Vision RAJIB DAS RAJIB DAS RAJIB DAS Follow Oct 3 '25 The “Why” Behind React Suspense: Quest for the Original Vision # suspense # react # webdev # frontend Comments Add Comment 5 min read 15 Proven Guidelines for Scalable React Component Architecture Anany Sagar Anany Sagar Anany Sagar Follow Aug 31 '25 15 Proven Guidelines for Scalable React Component Architecture # frontend # react # programming # javascript 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 4 min read How I Built a Modern Chrome Extension with React, Plasmo, and rrweb Ch Usama Ch Usama Ch Usama Follow Sep 23 '25 How I Built a Modern Chrome Extension with React, Plasmo, and rrweb # plasmo # webdev # react # chromeextension Comments Add Comment 2 min read 【React Supabase】Improving My Study Log App: Persisting Daily Study Content and Hours Kazutora Hattori Kazutora Hattori Kazutora Hattori Follow Aug 31 '25 【React Supabase】Improving My Study Log App: Persisting Daily Study Content and Hours # react # programming # webdev # javascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read Fixing the '@vitejs/plugin-react' Error in Vite + React Cristian Sifuentes Cristian Sifuentes Cristian Sifuentes Follow Oct 4 '25 Fixing the '@vitejs/plugin-react' Error in Vite + React # react # vite # frontend # programming Comments Add Comment 2 min read Deep Dive: What’s New in React 19.2 Serif COLAKEL Serif COLAKEL Serif COLAKEL Follow Oct 3 '25 Deep Dive: What’s New in React 19.2 # webdev # programming # javascript # react 1 reaction Comments 1 comment 4 min read 훅 인터페이스 개선 및 프로덕션 에러 롤백시킨 경험 Chan Chan Chan Follow Sep 21 '25 훅 인터페이스 개선 및 프로덕션 에러 롤백시킨 경험 # frontend # react # typescript Comments Add Comment 1 min read Dynamic Feature Management with Firebase Remote Config in React Debajit Mallick Debajit Mallick Debajit Mallick Follow Oct 3 '25 Dynamic Feature Management with Firebase Remote Config in React # firebase # react # frontend # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 5 min read Modular Architecture in React: How to Build Scalable and Maintainable Projects Homayoun Mohammadi Homayoun Mohammadi Homayoun Mohammadi Follow Oct 3 '25 Modular Architecture in React: How to Build Scalable and Maintainable Projects # webdev # programming # react 12 reactions Comments 3 comments 2 min read Mastering useState in React 김영민 김영민 김영민 Follow Sep 4 '25 Mastering useState in React # react # state # hooks # jsx Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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A space to share projects, ask questions, and discuss server-driven templating Dropdown menu Dropdown menu Skip to content Navigation menu Search Powered by Algolia Search Log in Create account DEV Community Close React Follow Hide Official tag for Facebook's React JavaScript library for building user interfaces Create Post submission guidelines 1️⃣ Post Facebook's React ⚛ related posts/questions/discussion topics here~ 2️⃣ There are no silly posts or questions as we all learn from each other👩‍🎓👨‍🎓 3️⃣ Adhere to dev.to 👩‍💻👨‍💻 Code of Conduct about #react React is a declarative, component-based library, you can learn once, and write anywhere Editor Guide Check out this Editor Guide or this post to learn how to add code syntax highlights, embed CodeSandbox/Codepen, etc Official Documentations & Source Docs Tutorial Community Blog Source code on GitHub Improving Your Chances for a Reply by putting a minimal example to either JSFiddle , Code Sandbox , or StackBlitz . Describe what you want it to do, and things you've tried. Don't just post big blocks of code! Where else to ask questions StackOverflow tagged with [reactjs] Beginner's Thread / Easy Questions (Jan 2020) on r/reactjs subreddit. Note: a new "Beginner's Thread" created as sticky post on the first day of each month Learn in Public Don't afraid to post an article or being wrong. Learn in public . Older #react posts 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Posts Left menu 👋 Sign in for the ability to sort posts by relevant , latest , or top . Right menu 🚀 Modern Blogging Platform \| Built with Next.js 13 Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Jan 1 🚀 Modern Blogging Platform \| Built with Next.js 13 # nextjs # react # webdev # opensource Comments Add Comment 1 min read 🚀 AI Interactive Quiz Generator \| Engaging Browser-Based Quiz App Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Jan 1 🚀 AI Interactive Quiz Generator \| Engaging Browser-Based Quiz App # ai # react # opensource # programming Comments Add Comment 1 min read Stop Building Backends for Simple Data Handoffs: Meet React State Warp Reza Kheradmandi Reza Kheradmandi Reza Kheradmandi Follow Jan 3 Stop Building Backends for Simple Data Handoffs: Meet React State Warp # showdev # react # opensource # javascript Comments Add Comment 3 min read Async Form Validation in React Is Hard — Here’s a Predictable Way to Solve It Narek Sargsyan Narek Sargsyan Narek Sargsyan Follow Dec 31 '25 Async Form Validation in React Is Hard — Here’s a Predictable Way to Solve It # react # typescript # formora # forms Comments 1 comment 3 min read Building a Modern POS System That Doesn't Feel Like It's From 2005 Atta Elahi Atta Elahi Atta Elahi Follow Dec 31 '25 Building a Modern POS System That Doesn't Feel Like It's From 2005 # webdev # cloudnative # productivity # react Comments Add Comment 5 min read 10 React and Next.js Best Practices I Wish I Knew Earlier Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Follow Dec 31 '25 10 React and Next.js Best Practices I Wish I Knew Earlier # react # nextjs # javascript # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read Finally my first project will be a portefolio Bonaventure Cheick Ouedraogo Bonaventure Cheick Ouedraogo Bonaventure Cheick Ouedraogo Follow Jan 1 Finally my first project will be a portefolio # webdev # beginners # react Comments Add Comment 1 min read React Hooks - Part 1: useState Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Jan 1 React Hooks - Part 1: useState # react # javascript # hooks Comments Add Comment 1 min read TypeScript Patterns Every React Developer Should Know in 2025 Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Muhammad Zulqarnain Akram Follow Dec 31 '25 TypeScript Patterns Every React Developer Should Know in 2025 # typescript # react # javascript # webdev Comments Add Comment 4 min read The useMemo react hook: Optimizing Expensive Calculations with useMemo Mohamed Idris Mohamed Idris Mohamed Idris Follow Dec 31 '25 The useMemo react hook: Optimizing Expensive Calculations with useMemo # frontend # react Comments 1 comment 2 min read When Crises Stack: Testing Co-Occurrence Without Cascading Failures CrisisCore-Systems CrisisCore-Systems CrisisCore-Systems Follow Dec 30 '25 When Crises Stack: Testing Co-Occurrence Without Cascading Failures # testing # a11y # healthcare # react Comments Add Comment 9 min read React Hooks - Part 1: useState - Test Series Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Ethan Zhang Follow Jan 1 React Hooks - Part 1: useState - Test Series # react # javascript # hooks Comments Add Comment 1 min read JSX in React TenE TenE TenE Follow for TenE Organization Dec 31 '25 JSX in React # react Comments Add Comment 2 min read Serve the Cake First, Add the Icing Only When Safe Zimtzimt Zimtzimt Zimtzimt Follow Jan 3 Serve the Cake First, Add the Icing Only When Safe # webdev # react # opensource # programming Comments 1 comment 4 min read Angular vs React vs Vue: Which Should You Learn in 2026? kafeel ahmad kafeel ahmad kafeel ahmad Follow Dec 31 '25 Angular vs React vs Vue: Which Should You Learn in 2026? # vue # react # javascript # angular Comments Add Comment 16 min read The useCallback react hook Mohamed Idris Mohamed Idris Mohamed Idris Follow Dec 30 '25 The useCallback react hook # frontend # react Comments 1 comment 3 min read 🚀 LearnStream \| AI-Powered Educational Platform Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Dec 30 '25 🚀 LearnStream \| AI-Powered Educational Platform # ai # react # opensource # learning Comments Add Comment 2 min read Optimizing Re-Renders by Moving State Mohamed Idris Mohamed Idris Mohamed Idris Follow Dec 30 '25 Optimizing Re-Renders by Moving State # frontend # react Comments 1 comment 2 min read React State Management: Choosing the Right Tools for Your Health Dashboard wellallyTech wellallyTech wellallyTech Follow Dec 31 '25 React State Management: Choosing the Right Tools for Your Health Dashboard # javascript # tutorial # react # statemanagement Comments Add Comment 2 min read 🚀 A Lightweight Document Summarization Tool Built with React Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Reactjs Guru Follow Dec 30 '25 🚀 A Lightweight Document Summarization Tool Built with React # react # opensource # ai # webdev Comments Add Comment 2 min read [Simple SNS Project] Step 1. User Registration & Handling Forbidden Words with Spring Boot JongHwa JongHwa JongHwa Follow Dec 29 '25 [Simple SNS Project] Step 1. User Registration & Handling Forbidden Words with Spring Boot # java # springboot # tutorial # react Comments Add Comment 2 min read 5 React UI Component Libraries for your next Project Ritesh Kokam Ritesh Kokam Ritesh Kokam Follow Dec 29 '25 5 React UI Component Libraries for your next Project # webdev # react # javascript # beginners Comments Add Comment 5 min read React Server and Client Components in Next.js: Understanding the Difference Paweł Sobolewski Paweł Sobolewski Paweł Sobolewski Follow for u11d Dec 30 '25 React Server and Client Components in Next.js: Understanding the Difference # webdev # react # nextjs 2 reactions Comments Add Comment 4 min read 🚀 O melhor dos dois mundos: Entenda o Partial Pre-Rendering (PPR) Nathana Facion Nathana Facion Nathana Facion Follow Dec 29 '25 🚀 O melhor dos dois mundos: Entenda o Partial Pre-Rendering (PPR) # react # nextjs Comments Add Comment 1 min read Why I Chose Custom Code Over CMS — As a Freelance Dev Starting from Scratch Hugo Calmels Hugo Calmels Hugo Calmels Follow Jan 3 Why I Chose Custom Code Over CMS — As a Freelance Dev Starting from Scratch # career # chatgpt # react # webdev 1 reaction Comments Add Comment 2 min read loading... 💎 DEV Diamond Sponsors Thank you to our Diamond Sponsors for supporting the DEV Community Google AI is the official AI Model and Platform Partner of DEV Neon is the official database partner of DEV Algolia is the official search partner of DEV DEV Community — A space to discuss and keep up software development and manage your software career Home DEV++ Podcasts Videos DEV Education Tracks DEV Challenges DEV Help Advertise on DEV DEV Showcase About Contact Free Postgres Database Software comparisons Forem Shop Code of Conduct Privacy Policy Terms of Use Built on Forem — the open source software that powers DEV and other inclusive communities. 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