"""Compare steady heat flow through two STEP-meshed standoffs.""" import argparse import hashlib import json import math import subprocess import sys from pathlib import Path ROOT = Path(__file__).resolve().parent def measure(step: Path, setup: dict) -> dict: import cadquery as cq import gmsh from OCP.BRepGProp import BRepGProp from OCP.GProp import GProp_GProps shape = cq.importers.importStep(str(step)).val() if shape.ShapeType() != "Solid" or not shape.isValid() or len(shape.Solids()) != 1: raise ValueError(f"Expected one valid solid: {step}") props = GProp_GProps() BRepGProp.VolumeProperties_s(shape.wrapped, props) if props.Mass() <= 0: raise ValueError("Standoff volume must be positive") pad0 = cq.Solid.makeBox(10, 20, 10, cq.Vector(0, -10, -5)) pad1 = cq.Solid.makeBox(10, 20, 10, cq.Vector(90, -10, -5)) slabs = [cq.Solid.makeBox(10, 30, 10, cq.Vector(x, -15, -5)) for x in (0, 90)] envelope = cq.Solid.makeBox(100, 30, 10, cq.Vector(0, -15, -5)) pads = (pad0, pad1) pad_overlap = sum(pad.intersect(shape).Volume() for pad in pads) slab_overlap = sum(slab.intersect(shape).Volume() for slab in slabs) result = { "step_sha256": hashlib.sha256(step.read_bytes()).hexdigest(), "volume_mm3": props.Mass(), "mass_kg": props.Mass() * setup["material_density_kg_m3"] * 1e-9, "end_pad_missing_mm3": max(0.0, sum(p.Volume() for p in pads) - pad_overlap), "end_pad_excess_mm3": max(0.0, slab_overlap - pad_overlap), "envelope_excess_mm3": max(0.0, shape.Volume() - shape.intersect(envelope).Volume()), "meshes": {}, } gmsh.initialize() try: gmsh.option.setNumber("General.Terminal", 0) gmsh.model.add("thermal_standoff") gmsh.model.occ.importShapes(str(step)) gmsh.model.occ.synchronize() if len(gmsh.model.getEntities(3)) != 1: raise ValueError("STEP import must produce one volume") for size in setup["mesh_sizes_mm"]: gmsh.model.mesh.clear() gmsh.option.setNumber("Mesh.CharacteristicLengthMin", size) gmsh.option.setNumber("Mesh.CharacteristicLengthMax", size) gmsh.option.setNumber("Mesh.Algorithm3D", 1) gmsh.model.mesh.generate(3) tags, coordinates, _ = gmsh.model.mesh.getNodes() nodes = {str(int(tag)): [coordinates[3 * i + axis] / 1000 for axis in range(3)] for i, tag in enumerate(tags)} types, _, element_nodes = gmsh.model.mesh.getElements(3) tets = [] for kind, connectivity in zip(types, element_nodes): if kind != 4: raise ValueError(f"Expected first-order tetrahedra, got {kind}") tets.extend([[int(value) for value in connectivity[i:i + 4]] for i in range(0, len(connectivity), 4)]) if not nodes or not tets: raise ValueError("Gmsh produced an empty mesh") result["meshes"][str(size)] = {"nodes": nodes, "tets": tets} finally: gmsh.finalize() return result def dynamics(meshes: dict, setup: dict) -> dict: import pychrono as ch import pychrono.fea as fea import numpy as np results = {} for size, data in meshes.items(): system = ch.ChSystemSMC() system.SetGravitationalAcceleration(ch.ChVector3d(0, 0, 0)) system.SetSolver(ch.ChSolverSparseLU()) mesh = fea.ChMesh() material = fea.ChContinuumThermal() material.SetThermalConductivity( setup["thermal_conductivity_W_m_K"]) material.SetSpecificHeatCapacity(setup["specific_heat_J_kg_K"]) material.SetDensity(setup["material_density_kg_m3"]) hot_ids = [key for key, point in data["nodes"].items() if abs(point[0]) < 1e-8] cold_ids = [key for key, point in data["nodes"].items() if abs(point[0] - 0.1) < 1e-8] if len(hot_ids) < 4 or len(cold_ids) < 4: raise ValueError("Mesh is missing a thermal boundary face") nodes = {} for key, point in data["nodes"].items(): node = fea.ChNodeFEAxyzP(ch.ChVector3d(*point)) node.SetFieldVal(setup["cold_face_temperature_K"]) if key in hot_ids: node.SetFieldVal(setup["hot_face_temperature_K"]) node.SetFixed(True) if key in cold_ids: node.SetFieldVal(setup["cold_face_temperature_K"]) node.SetFixed(True) mesh.AddNode(node) nodes[int(key)] = node for a, b, c, d in data["tets"]: element = fea.ChElementTetraCorot_4_P() element.SetNodes(nodes[a], nodes[b], nodes[c], nodes[d]) element.SetMaterial(material) mesh.AddElement(element) system.Add(mesh) system.DoStaticLinear() energy_rate_over_temperature = 0.0 for tetrahedron in data["tets"]: positions = np.array([data["nodes"][str(key)] for key in tetrahedron]) temperatures = np.array([nodes[key].GetFieldVal() for key in tetrahedron]) edges = positions[1:] - positions[0] gradient = np.linalg.solve(edges, temperatures[1:] - temperatures[0]) volume = abs(np.linalg.det(edges)) / 6 energy_rate_over_temperature += ( setup["thermal_conductivity_W_m_K"] * float(np.dot(gradient, gradient)) * volume) delta_t = (setup["hot_face_temperature_K"] - setup["cold_face_temperature_K"]) heat_flow = energy_rate_over_temperature / delta_t temperatures = [node.GetFieldVal() for node in nodes.values()] if not math.isfinite(heat_flow) or heat_flow <= 0: raise ValueError("Invalid steady heat flow") results[size] = { "steady_heat_flow_W": heat_flow, "minimum_temperature_K": min(temperatures), "maximum_temperature_K": max(temperatures), "node_count": len(nodes), "tetrahedron_count": len(data["tets"]), "hot_node_count": len(hot_ids), "cold_node_count": len(cold_ids), } return results def invoke(python: str, phase: str, payload: dict) -> dict: run = subprocess.run([python, str(Path(__file__).resolve()), "--phase", phase], input=json.dumps(payload), text=True, capture_output=True) if run.returncode: raise RuntimeError(f"{phase} failed:\n{run.stderr[-1600:]}") return json.loads(run.stdout) def main() -> None: parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() parser.add_argument("--cad-python", default=sys.executable) parser.add_argument("--physics-python", default=sys.executable) parser.add_argument("--phase", choices=("measure", "dynamics")) args = parser.parse_args() if args.phase: payload = json.load(sys.stdin) result = (measure(Path(payload["step"]), payload["setup"]) if args.phase == "measure" else dynamics(payload["meshes"], payload["setup"])) print(json.dumps(result)) return setup = json.loads((ROOT / "setup.json").read_text()) results = {} for name in ("before", "after"): properties = invoke(args.cad_python, "measure", { "step": str(ROOT / f"{name}.step"), "setup": setup, }) meshes = properties.pop("meshes") results[name] = { "step_properties": properties, "simulation_result": invoke(args.physics_python, "dynamics", { "meshes": meshes, "setup": setup, }), } before = results["before"] after = results["after"] bp, ap = before["step_properties"], after["step_properties"] bs, gs = before["simulation_result"], after["simulation_result"] sizes = [str(size) for size in setup["mesh_sizes_mm"]] baseline = [bs[size]["steady_heat_flow_W"] for size in sizes] candidate = [gs[size]["steady_heat_flow_W"] for size in sizes] reductions = [1 - a / b for a, b in zip(candidate, baseline)] checks = { "baseline_conducts_heat": min(baseline) >= setup["minimum_baseline_heat_flow_W"], "heat_flow_reduced_both_meshes": min(reductions) >= setup["required_relative_heat_flow_reduction"], "mesh_response_stable": all( abs(values[1] / values[0] - 1) <= setup["maximum_relative_mesh_heat_flow_change"] for values in (baseline, candidate)), "temperature_bounds": all( gs[size]["minimum_temperature_K"] >= setup["cold_face_temperature_K"] - 1e-6 and gs[size]["maximum_temperature_K"] <= setup["hot_face_temperature_K"] + 1e-6 for size in sizes), "mass_fixed": abs(ap["mass_kg"] / bp["mass_kg"] - 1) <= setup["maximum_relative_mass_change"], "end_pads_fixed": ap["end_pad_missing_mm3"] <= setup["maximum_end_pad_missing_mm3"] and ap["end_pad_excess_mm3"] <= setup["maximum_end_pad_excess_mm3"], "envelope_fixed": ap["envelope_excess_mm3"] <= setup["maximum_envelope_excess_mm3"], } after["comparison_to_before"] = { "relative_heat_flow_reductions": reductions, "checks": checks, "passed": all(checks.values()), } for name, result in results.items(): (ROOT / f"{name}.results.json").write_text(json.dumps(result, indent=2) + "\n") print(f"Steady heat flow: {baseline} -> {candidate} W") print(f"Task passed: {all(checks.values())}") if not all(checks.values()): raise SystemExit(1) if __name__ == "__main__": main()