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The Seven Motivators Exercise Creating an environment of motivation is a key component of an engaged culture and our Seven Motivators Exercise will help you determine the intrinsic motivators that drive your employees. Click to download the Seven Motivators Resource Tool and begin working with your employees to maximiz... | https://employeeengagement.com/freeresource/ | The Seven Motivators Exercise - The Employee Engagement Group | employeeengagement.com | unknown | false | 0.614 | 0.804 | ["motivation"] | 349 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:02.992684 | [
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ip has a statistically significant relationship with employee engagement. H2: Transformational leadership has a statistically significant relationship with work motivation. H3: Co-worker support has a statistically significant relationship with employee engagement. H4: Co-worker support has a statistically significant ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.493 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "networking", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.200247 | [
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Home ▶ Vol 23 (2025) ▶ Ndjoonduezu Abstract Introduction Research design Results Conclusion Acknowledgements References About the Author(s) Utjiua Ndjoonduezu Department of Psychology and Social Work, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia Annelisa Murangi Departmen... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.534 | 0.682 | ["education", "family"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.200777 | [
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h Unit, Faculty of Humanities, North-West University, Vanderbijlpark, South Africa Citation Ndjoonduezu, U., & Murangi, A. (2025). Transformational leadership, co-worker support, engagement and motivation at institutions of higher learning in Windhoek, Namibia. SA Journal of Human Resource Management/SA Tydskrif vir Me... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.629 | 0.666 | ["leadership", "motivation", "education", "philosophy", "management"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.200898 | [
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rt, engagement and motivation at institutions of higher learning in Windhoek, Namibia Utjiua Ndjoonduezu, Annelisa Murangi Received: 30 Dec. 2024; Accepted: 18 Mar. 2025; Published: 16 May 2025 Copyright: © 2025. The Author(s). Licensee: AOSIS. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.58 | 0.838 | ["motivation", "innovation", "education"] | 473 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.201444 | [
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um, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Orientation: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic brought on a surge of mass changes globally, and academic institutions were not exempted from these changes. Many institutions of higher learning in Namibia transferred and modified most of their cou... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.505 | 0.824 | ["education", "philosophy"] | 421 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.201567 | [
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ing to online platforms or a combination of both. Research purpose: This study investigated the role of the transformational leadership style and co-worker support and their influence on employee engagement and work motivation of academic staff at institutions of higher learning in Windhoek, Namibia. Motivation for the... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.647 | 0.834 | ["leadership", "motivation", "education", "philosophy"] | 472 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.201758 | [
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oyee engagement and work motivation of academics. Research approach/design and method: Data were collected from 106 academic staff from various institutions of higher education in Windhoek using a purposive sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS), Version... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.652 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "motivation", "education"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.201937 | [
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ell as transformational leadership and work motivation, even though not statistically significant. Co-worker support was statistically significantly related to employee engagement and work motivation. Practical/managerial implications: Institutions of higher education should manage and capitalise on employee relations ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.456 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "motivation", "education", "management", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.202094 | [
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nd interventions that allow for the development of positive co-worker relations and support at different organisational levels. Keywords: transformational leadership; co-worker support; academic staff; institutions of higher learning in Namibia; employee engagement; motivation. Introduction Lecturers, also referred to ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.605 | 0.83 | ["education", "leadership", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 499 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.202979 | [
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es in an educational setting (Havighurst, 2020 ). Kulikowski et al. ( 2021 ) mention that lecturers play an important role in the transfer of knowledge to scholars at institutions of higher learning. Higher education aids in securing employment opportunities in the labour market as one must acquire certain knowledge an... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.391 | 0.854 | ["education", "career"] | 491 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203131 | [
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Namibia successfully execute their mandate (i.e. aim and mission) is dependent on the effective delivery and transfer of knowledge and skills from the lecturers to facilitate further independent study and learning. With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggering changes in what is considered the norm in teachin... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.415 | 0.854 | ["education", "motivation"] | 510 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203274 | [
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effective transfer of knowledge continues to take place. Employee engagement is widely regarded as a critical component of a company’s success (Dara et al., 2020 ). Dara et al. ( 2020 ) assert that engaged and motivated employees perform better and are more lucrative and healthier. If institutions of higher learning in... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.623 | 0.86 | ["education", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203399 | [
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an enhanced virtual (blended) learning environment, could be envisioned. An involuntary transition to e-learning creates entirely new settings for university education and results in the reorganisation of academic professions (Kulikowski et al., 2021 ). The blended approach to learning is also confronted with challenge... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.332 | 0.846 | ["education", "strategy", "crisis", "career"] | 506 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203523 | [
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ctional computers and the Internet (Abel, 2020 ). This could be argued to negatively affect lecturer engagement and motivation at work, which inevitably also affects the effective transfer of knowledge and skills. This study adds to the limited literature database on engagement and motivation of lecturers with a specif... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.467 | 0.848 | ["motivation", "education"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203678 | [
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oyee engagement and work motivation at institutions of higher learning in Windhoek, Namibia. Research purpose and objectives The objectives of the study are twofold: Investigate the relationship that exists between transformational leadership and employee engagement and employee motivation. Investigate the relationship... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.669 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "motivation", "networking", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203805 | [
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es in a way that is effective in achieving the goals of the organisation (Aibieyi, 2014 ). The modern-day work is characterised by precarious work conditions because of unpredictable and changing work environments (Kreshpaj et al., 2020 ). Leadership style is crucial to inspire and motivate employees to navigate the wo... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.502 | 0.832 | ["leadership", "motivation", "crisis"] | 428 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.203928 | [
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accompany precarious work (Howell et al., 2022 ). The transformational leadership style may be defined as the full involvement of employees in the decision-making process regarding goal setting and organisational functioning (Aibieyi, 2014 ). Asbari et al. ( 2020 ) mention that a transformational leadership mindset can... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.619 | 0.836 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "decision_making", "crisis", "innovation"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.204051 | [
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p style include demonstrating idealised behaviour, inspirational motivation by tackling challenges from various angles and individual consideration by portraying strong characteristics that benefit the whole work team and intellectual stimulation by challenging followers’ assumptions and beliefs (Bass & Avolio, 1993 ).... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.634 | 0.826 | ["leadership", "motivation", "management", "crisis", "war_conflict"] | 477 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.204179 | [
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forthcoming with their leaders (Aibieyi, 2014 ). For this study, Bass and Avolio’s ( 1993 ) conceptualisation of the transformational leadership style is utilised. Employee engagement Kahn ( 1990 , p. 694) describes engagement as ‘the harnessing of organisation members’ selves to their work roles; where people employ a... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.473 | 0.844 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "education"] | 502 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.205040 | [
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and personal disengagement in acts of engagement. Personal engagement refers to connecting organisation members’ selves to their employment role (Kahn, 1990 ). According to Kahn ( 1990 ), employee engagement may be defined in the dimensions that motivate employees; thus, it requires employees to be physically, cognitiv... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.56 | 0.848 | ["career", "motivation"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.205160 | [
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le retreat and guard themselves physically, cognitively or emotionally during role engagement (Kahn, 1990 ). Research has shown that employees who are engaged have greater involvement in company programmes, are more inclined to stay and are further inclined to be loyal to the organisation (Storey et al., 2008 ). As a r... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.475 | 0.832 | [] | 426 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.205243 | [
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uctivity and efficiency (Albrecht et al., 2021 ). It is crucial to mention that the conceptualisation of employee engagement by Kahn ( 1990 ) is used for this study. Leadership styles were discovered to be a considerable predictor of employee engagement (Othman et al., 2017 ). Employees behave in a manner that reflects... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.505 | 0.87 | ["leadership", "education"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.205303 | [
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r leaders’ positive behaviour; thus, leaders are greatly responsible for their employees’ engagement in the workplace. In Britt et al.’s ( 2006 ) study, it was discovered that transformational leadership has no significant impact on employee engagement. This could entail that transformational leadership behaviour may n... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.497 | 0.83 | ["leadership", "education", "philosophy"] | 452 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.205364 | [
0.012628988362848759,
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employee engagement. A study by Schaufeli et al. ( 2002 ) found a rather substantial relationship between work engagement and transformational leadership. Similarly, in their study, Othman et al. ( 2017 ) reported that leadership style, particularly worker-orientated leadership style, corresponds to high levels of enga... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.668 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "networking", "education", "philosophy"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.206059 | [
-0.016882862895727158,
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onsidering their input in the process of work operations. Henkel’s ( 2016 ) study examined the relationship between transformational leadership and university part-time faculty engagement. The findings of the study revealed that part-time faculty work engagement was marginally associated with perceived transformational... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.622 | 0.84 | ["leadership", "education", "philosophy", "networking"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.206208 | [
0.038195956498384476,
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onal leadership on organisational performance through lecturer engagement. Their findings indicate a significant relationship between transformational leadership and employee engagement (Marlita et al., 2021 ). Employee work motivation Deci et al.’s ( 2001 ) self-determination theory provides a framework that seeks to ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.686 | 0.824 | ["leadership", "motivation", "philosophy", "networking"] | 456 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.206339 | [
-0.01787000335752964,
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tion for self-motivation (Wissing et al., 2020 ). The self-determination theory posits that people have basic psychological needs for autonomy, relatedness and competence. Fulfilment of psychological needs is essential for people’s psychological health and growth, autonomous motivation, optimal functioning and self-act... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.415 | 0.834 | ["motivation", "agents"] | 478 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.206426 | [
-0.015704510733485222,
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... | ||
sychologically motivated by a hierarchy of needs. Maslow stated that motivation arises from a person’s attempt to meet five fundamental needs (Maslow, 1954 ). The hierarchy of needs is made up of (1) physiological needs, (2) safety needs, (3) love needs, (4) esteem needs and (5) self-actualisation needs (Maslow, 1954 )... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.563 | 0.864 | ["motivation"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.206479 | [
-0.01741749793291092,
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undamental satisfactions, as well as more intellectual goals. Any chance of obstructing these fundamental human aspirations and/or desires is seen as a psychological threat (McLeod, 2007 ). According to Jose and Mampilly ( 2014 ), motivation is the driving force behind behavioural patterns, and leadership behaviours af... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.49 | 0.84 | ["motivation", "leadership", "philosophy"] | 468 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.206959 | [
-0.0246309582144022,
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0.031078552827239037,
0.01... | ||
(Alghazo & Al-Anazi, 2016 ; Putra & Dewi, 2019 ). To increase employee performance and to achieve optimal levels of organisational effectiveness and performance, leaders need to have the capacities to motivate their employees to perform efficiently and productively. Naile and Selesho ( 2014 , p. 175) stipulate that ‘th... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.515 | 0.858 | ["leadership", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207012 | [
-0.013247348368167877,
0.06408168375492096,
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0.05591188743710518,
-... | ||
rther basis on the necessity of leadership in any organisation. It is argued that leaders who are unmotivated may struggle to motivate their employees (Sarros et al., 2014 ). In Naile and Selesho’s ( 2014 ) study on the role that leadership has in employee motivation, the study used school principals’ perspectives of t... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.657 | 0.858 | ["leadership", "education", "motivation", "philosophy", "networking"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207061 | [
-0.06637097150087357,
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ours and commitment, but it additionally plays a key role in motivating teachers (Naile & Selesho, 2014 ). The motivation and leadership styles of college teachers were explored in a study by Jabeen et al. ( 2019 ). The findings revealed that transactional and transformational leadership styles of school principals wer... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.465 | 0.86 | ["leadership", "motivation", "education", "philosophy", "career"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207110 | [
-0.07620351761579514,
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0.08... | ||
ership and work motivation on teacher job performance. According to the findings, transformational leadership and work motivation have a significant positive effect on educators’ performance (Andriani et al., 2018 ). Pongpearchan ( 2016 ) studied the impact of transformational leadership and a high-performance work str... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.451 | 0.84 | ["philosophy", "leadership", "motivation", "career", "education"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207159 | [
-0.06639175862073898,
0.08609461039304733,
0.014150072820484638,
-0.019742844626307487,
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0.07745174318552017,
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0.011616172268986702,
0.0817... | ||
a high-performance work structure have a significant positive influence on job motivation; furthermore, work motivation continues to have a significant correlation with task performance (Pongpearchan, 2016 ). Co-worker support Co-worker support, according to Zhou and George ( 2001 ), refers to co-workers assisting one ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.538 | 0.822 | ["motivation", "philosophy", "career", "education"] | 436 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207563 | [
-0.07277503609657288,
0.02525879256427288,
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ge, as well as providing inspiration and support. There is perceived co-worker support if an employee in the organisation considers that assistance, mentoring, affability and positive aspects related to job resources are always available from working colleagues within the organisation (Nordat et al., 2019 ). Furthermor... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.583 | 0.828 | ["motivation", "career", "war_conflict"] | 451 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207614 | [
-0.0904325470328331,
0.03653416782617569,
0.013476088643074036,
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0.00936... | ||
ractions in the workplace (Makera et al., 2019 ). Empirically, co-worker support has been found to have a positive significant relationship with employee engagement and work motivation in various occupational settings, such as nurses, academics, cancer care workers, private sector employees, special education teachers,... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.488 | 0.844 | ["motivation", "networking", "education"] | 475 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207667 | [
-0.039484620094299316,
0.03186711296439171,
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0.05876319855451584,
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022 ; Ojeleye et al., 2023 ; Vera et al., 2016 ). In conceptualising co-worker support in this study, Zhou and George’s ( 2001 ) definition was utilised. Following the literature review, the following hypotheses were formulated: Hypotheses of the study: H1: Transformational leadership has a statistically significant re... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.656 | 0.826 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "networking", "education", "motivation"] | 455 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207715 | [
-0.030895764008164406,
0.07016685605049133,
0.022443147376179695,
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0.02549688331782818,
0.05812285467982292,
0.04343235120177269,
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0.031138764694333076,
0.009499524720013142,
-0.00106330297421664,
0.023... | ||
ly significant relationship with work motivation. H3: Co-worker support has a statistically significant relationship with employee engagement. H4: Co-worker support has a statistically significant relationship with work motivation. Research design Research approach and strategy A quantitative research approach with a c... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.63 | 0.826 | ["networking", "motivation", "strategy", "education"] | 482 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.207762 | [
-0.0011307632084935904,
0.03723728284239769,
-0.04267103224992752,
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0.000878279039170593,
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0.0028720214031636715,
0.023603007197380066,
0.0051930807530879974,
... | ||
gative or no relationship) between the variables. Participants Academics at institutions of higher learning in Windhoek, Namibia, participated in the present study. A non-probability sampling approach with a purposive sampling technique was used. There were more female participants compared to males. The age group that... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.519 | 0.848 | ["education", "networking", "resume"] | 509 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208191 | [
0.07805396616458893,
0.022190522402524948,
-0.06001104786992073,
0.02486501820385456,
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0.003510920563712716,
0.01998862996697426,
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0.11937922239303589,
0.045491863042116165,
-0.05129651725292206,
0.0519278421998024,
-0.05655... | ||
s degree as their highest level of qualification. The majority of the participants have been working for their specific institutions for 7–10 years. Furthermore, 57.5% of the participants are employed in the rank of lecturer (compared to senior lecturers and professors). The demographic details are presented in Table 1... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.514 | 0.856 | ["resume", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208264 | [
0.05543720722198486,
-0.026654718443751335,
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0.04615999385714531,
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ine survey developed by the researchers to get information regarding the participants’ sex, age and academic qualifications; their tenure at specific institutions of higher education and the positions they held at their institutions. Transformational leadership style was measured by utilising a scale developed by Carle... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.585 | 0.856 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "resume", "education"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208334 | [
-0.01757458783686161,
0.07528857886791229,
0.021103497594594955,
0.011686385609209538,
-0.03809485584497452,
0.019155176356434822,
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0.007690893020480871,
0.03148858621716499,
0.017331808805465698,
-0.019995128735899925,
0.03453774377703667,
0.0282... | ||
‘my leader fosters trust, involvement and co-operation among team members’ (Carless et al., 2000 ). These items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale, with 0 representing rarely and 4 representing very frequently. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the scale is 0.81, which is considered reliable. The Employee Engagemen... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.649 | 0.686 | ["leadership", "management"] | 430 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208392 | [
0.04566998779773712,
0.03413556516170502,
-0.048415761440992355,
0.032480768859386444,
0.017541173845529556,
0.07265830039978027,
0.06093021109700203,
0.011340505443513393,
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0.04576576501131058,
0.013637828640639782,
0.006594696547836065,
0.035... | ||
asuring instrument to assess employee engagement. This scale was utilised as it measures engagement as conceptualised by Kahn ( 1990 ). The scale is divided into three subscales, and examples of items from each subscale include cognitive engagement (i.e. ‘performing my job is so absorbing that I forget about everything... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.614 | 0.698 | ["career", "philosophy"] | 479 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208447 | [
0.05144769325852394,
0.07207296043634415,
-0.03647158294916153,
0.09682046622037888,
-0.007710475008934736,
0.03386954590678215,
0.08710415661334991,
-0.0215261559933424,
-0.004249006509780884,
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0.020049497485160828,
-0.05293148010969162,
-0.0032036504708230495,
0.0208... | ||
e. ‘I avoid working overtime whenever possible’). These items were evaluated using a five-point Likert scale. May et al. ( 2004 ) validated the employee engagement scale and discovered a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77, indicating acceptable reliability. The Motivation at Work Scale (MAWS) developed by Gagne et al. ( 2010 ) m... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.466 | 0.706 | ["motivation"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208507 | [
-0.03160497918725014,
0.051022421568632126,
-0.07266879826784134,
0.055620402097702026,
0.09293843060731888,
0.05886775627732277,
0.03645508736371994,
0.003571186913177371,
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-0.026761021465063095,
-0.014440296217799187,
-0.0038321607280522585,
-0.028635965660214424,
... | ||
otivation, introjection, identification and intrinsic motivation, with five items for each subscale (Gagne et al., 2010 ). Gagne et al. ( 2010 ) conducted a confirmatory factor analysis to reduce the MAWS to 12 items from the initial 20 items. The items were measured on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1, representi... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.566 | 0.708 | ["motivation"] | 478 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208562 | [
0.058409880846738815,
0.015285291709005833,
-0.02534404955804348,
0.0696704164147377,
0.05734740197658539,
0.020205000415444374,
0.0751541331410408,
0.015052586793899536,
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0.01831897534430027,
0.08208943903446198,
-0.04355448856949806,
-0.003291253698989749,
0.0464916... | ||
ranging from 0.70 to 0.93 (Gagne et al., 2010 ). An example of an item on the MAWS is ‘because I enjoy this work very much’ (Gagne et al., 2010 ). The Co-worker Relations subscale from May et al. ( 2004 ) antecedents’ scale was used as a measuring instrument to assess co-worker support. Ten items were used to assess co... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.391 | 0.72 | ["networking"] | 474 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208617 | [
0.0047577484510838985,
0.0502050407230854,
-0.02544005773961544,
0.0035925256088376045,
0.041570160537958145,
0.05717231333255768,
0.04213264212012291,
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0.006598262116312981,
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0.... | ||
ngly disagree’ and 5 indicating ‘strongly agree’. An example of an item on the scale is ‘my interactions with co-workers are rewarding’. For the co-worker support scale, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.93, indicating high reliability (May et al., 2004 ). Design The study adopted an online survey method where a l... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.549 | 0.86 | ["education", "war_conflict"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208672 | [
-0.0610615536570549,
0.058982331305742264,
-0.10285630822181702,
0.03951694816350937,
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0.0425369068980217,
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0.04086023196578026,
0.007286419160664082,
0.0027398208621889353,
-0.04120524972677231,
0.032246... | ||
to receive institutional permission from the different institutions of higher learning involved in the study. The institutional permission requests also stipulated the informed consent and elucidated the participants’ anonymity. An email communique was sent to academic staff, with study details and a link to the online... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.501 | 0.826 | ["education", "philosophy"] | 425 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208728 | [
0.05349568650126457,
0.04695234075188637,
-0.04410085082054138,
-0.002502843737602234,
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0.055377960205078125,
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0.018104098737239838,
0.07731638103723526,
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-0.07120756804943085,
0.026... | ||
y took part in the study using the provided link. Confidentiality and/or anonymity were assured as participants were not required to provide any personal details. Data analysis The data were analysed and computed using SPSS Version 28.0 (SPSS, 2022). The internal consistency of the measuring instruments was determined ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.513 | 0.828 | ["networking", "education"] | 454 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208789 | [
-0.005926786921918392,
0.005814308300614357,
-0.06860603392124176,
0.002288393909111619,
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0.0613129548728466,
0.07001194357872009,
0.04893790930509567,
0.014066333882510662,
-0.04752371460199356,
0.09676401317119598,
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-0.046116895973682404,
0.0247... | ||
etermined using Pearson correlation coefficients. To determine the practical implications of the research findings, effect sizes were used (Dhaka, 2019 ). Ethical considerations Ethical clearance to conduct this study was obtained from the University of Namibia Department of Psychology and Social Work Ethics Committee ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.553 | 0.832 | ["ethics", "education", "philosophy"] | 484 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208844 | [
0.05036379024386406,
0.09211616963148117,
-0.08021805435419083,
0.05305454134941101,
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0.033062104135751724,
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0.10787461698055267,
0.06198085844516754,
0.055959101766347885,
-0.08002828061580658,
0.022067... | ||
emics at various institutions of higher learning. No participant names or other identification information was requested to ensure confidentiality and anonymity of the data. The participants were informed that participation was voluntary and that they had the freedom to withdraw from the study at any point without any ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.508 | 0.834 | ["education", "philosophy", "social_justice"] | 460 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208901 | [
0.0025365075562149286,
0.05847104638814926,
-0.09613888710737228,
0.044051509350538254,
0.029538147151470184,
0.02759162150323391,
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0.0017348389374092221,
0.08942955732345581,
0.07575298845767975,
0.059690434485673904,
0.05171319469809532,
-0.01811053790152073,
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puter, with access to it only by the researchers. Results Descriptive statistics The means, standard deviations (SD) and Cronbach’s alpha were computed and are depicted in Table 2 . All measures utilised to assess the constructs yielded satisfactory reliability statistics (range of 0.68–0.91). TABLE 2: Means, standard ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.339 | 0.852 | ["networking"] | 508 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.208956 | [
0.0428377240896225,
-0.04877826198935509,
-0.06410414725542068,
0.0277538038790226,
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0.06000685691833496,
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0.09017934650182724,
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0.010665594600141048,
-0.017855633050203323,
0.02897142618894577,
0.02143... | ||
two-variable linear relationship (Ratner, 2009 ). The correlation coefficient could indeed feasibly take any value between +1 and –1, including the end values +1 or –1 (Papageorgiou, 2022 ; Ratner, 2009 ). Using the correlation coefficient, it was found that there is a positive but weak correlation between the transfor... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.527 | 0.86 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "motivation", "ethics", "networking"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209015 | [
0.0007777945720590651,
0.007797820959240198,
-0.023020630702376366,
0.03228142112493515,
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0.07165337353944778,
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0.017252828925848007,
0.06829378753900528,
0.011752503924071789,
0.... | ||
but weak correlation with motivation at work ( r = 0.04, p < 0.05). A study by Mozammel and Haan ( 2016 ) using a sample of employees in the banking sector found similar results. Another study by Balwant et al. ( 2020 ), however, found support for a significant relationship between transformational leadership and engag... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.491 | 0.864 | ["leadership", "motivation", "networking", "education", "philosophy"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209076 | [
-0.020258067175745964,
0.05555040016770363,
-0.04460516944527626,
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0.02762490138411522,
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0.04818791523575783,
-0.002319113817065954,
0.052... | ||
rmational leadership and employee motivation in a sample of manufacturing employees. It could be implied, based on empirical studies that investigated the constructs in unique populations, that transformational leadership, such as in the case of the current study, has no significant bearing on employee engagement and e... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.498 | 0.854 | ["leadership", "motivation", "education", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209132 | [
-0.012844832614064217,
0.03585870936512947,
0.020935865119099617,
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0.006709676701575518,
-0.006980956066399813,
-0.020754331722855568,
0.... | ||
y and positively at work ( r = 0.29, p < 0.05; small effect). Similarly, a positive significant relationship was uncovered between co-worker support and work engagement ( r = 0.24, p ≥ 0.05; small effect). This corroborates with findings by Murangi and Bailey ( 2022 ), who found similar findings in a sample of special ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.65 | 0.862 | ["leadership", "networking", "education", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209189 | [
-0.03213934227824211,
0.07981566339731216,
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0.010653361678123474,
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0.019411837682127953,
0.008292432874441147,
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0.0019395839190110564,
0.0486949197947979,
0.05287851393222809,
0.0015187315875664353,
0.071... | ||
ith the dimensions of engagement and motivation at work. Transformational leadership was found to have negative, insignificant relationships with cognitive engagement ( r = –0.01, p ≥ 0.05) and emotional engagement ( r = –0.05, p ≥ 0.05). It was further uncovered that transformational leadership has a positive, yet ins... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.493 | 0.706 | ["leadership", "philosophy", "networking", "motivation"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209245 | [
0.05014015734195709,
0.07291724532842636,
0.037538882344961166,
0.03123421221971512,
0.017166873440146446,
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0.012861201539635658,
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0.030709804967045784,
0.037213630974292755,
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0.0... | ||
ot have a significant bearing on employee engagement in its entirety or in parts. Contrastingly, the transformational leadership style was uncovered to have a positive, yet insignificant, relationship with intrinsic motivation ( r = 0.07, p ≥ 0.05); a negative, insignificant relationship with identified regulation ( r ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.571 | 0.708 | ["networking", "leadership", "motivation", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209301 | [
0.015415644273161888,
0.0767308920621872,
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0.05776090919971466,
-0.0046357219107449055,
0.0305... | ||
t, relationship with external regulation ( r = 0.05, p ≥ 0.05). In further analysis, co-worker support was found to have a positive relationship, although not statistically significant, with cognitive engagement ( r = 0.13, p ≥ 0.05), emotional engagement ( r = 0.17, p ≥ 0.05) and physical engagement ( r = 0.16, p ≥ 0.... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.45 | 0.72 | ["networking", "motivation"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209379 | [
0.03971889242529869,
0.0062659247778356075,
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0.004579092841595411,
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0.04341219738125801,
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-0.0380442850291729,
0.0840... | ||
ive insignificant relationship with identified regulation ( r = 0.03, p ≥ 0.05), a positive significant relationship with introjected regulation ( r = 0.20, p ≥ 0.05) and a positive significant relationship with external regulation ( r = 0.21, p ≥ 0.05). Discussion of results and managerial implications Leadership has ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.589 | 0.686 | ["networking", "leadership", "management"] | 449 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.209449 | [
0.07086276262998581,
0.023512225598096848,
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0.08194771409034729,
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0.030563727021217346,
0.059845659881830215,
-0.0003268152358941734,
0.037... | ||
ency and productivity (Ghlichlee & Bayat, 2021 ). However, this study provided evidence that shows that co-worker support, in contrast to transformational leadership, is a key determinant of engagement and motivation at work. The findings reveal that when workplaces are marked by co-worker engagements that validate oth... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.515 | 0.842 | ["leadership", "motivation", "networking", "education", "philosophy"] | 506 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210063 | [
-0.02438425086438656,
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0.032442107796669006,
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0.025636771693825722,
-0.010553469881415367,
0.0288... | ||
and motivation are enhanced (May et al., 2004 ). The study further indicates that for academics to function optimally, emphasis should be geared towards harnessing co-worker relationships as a key social resource at work. Van Wingerden et al. ( 2017 ) assert that collaborative job crafting (i.e. when two or more co-wor... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.469 | 0.85 | ["career", "motivation", "networking", "war_conflict", "economy"] | 455 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210146 | [
-0.04137235879898071,
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0.0228187944740057,
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0.09009731560945511,
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0.0... | ||
resources of employees and to reduce job demands. Academics can support each other with material and content development for blended learning modalities and offer technical support to one another for an enriching online learning experience, etc. As such, co-worker support at institutions of higher learning may come in ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.563 | 0.838 | ["education", "philosophy", "career"] | 451 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210662 | [
-0.044903017580509186,
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0.008103585802018642,
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... | ||
sal from others (Darke et al., 2024 ; Jo, 2014 ). Academics can be argued to better understand the nature of work of other academics because of similar job demands and job resources in their work environments and, as such, are better suited to support one another. Furthermore, co-workers’ engagement can be enhanced whe... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.409 | 0.862 | ["career", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210758 | [
-0.022699696943163872,
0.009044386446475983,
-0.018825676292181015,
-0.011999025009572506,
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astructure to support the advancement of 21st-century skills acquisition (Asino, 2023 ), with large student numbers faced by space limitations and limited funding (Karuuombe, 2023 ). For optimal functioning, and to be able to meet the demands inherent in academic work, the study provides evidence that co-worker relatio... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.589 | 0.82 | ["education"] | 413 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210840 | [
-0.05609247833490372,
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0.0238... | ||
ce in influencing employees’ emotions positively. The blended approach to learning is now adopted as the modality for teaching and learning in institutions of higher learning in Namibia. To effectively fulfil the mandate of higher learning in Namibia, co-worker support needs to be deconstructed at the university level ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.591 | 0.83 | ["education", "motivation"] | 448 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210901 | [
-0.02638636901974678,
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o enhance each other’s engagement and motivation. Institutions can capitalise on team-building interventions to improve collegial support. Employees can partner on projects and additionally partner on work that takes a toll on employee optimal functioning. This can be argued to not only enhance employee motivation and ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.648 | 0.82 | ["motivation", "management"] | 416 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.210959 | [
0.024339912459254265,
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0.01... | ||
al health and overall well-being (Irvine, 2023 ). The world of work has changed drastically, and mental health issues have become prevalent in workplaces (Kelloway et al., 2023 ). To remain functional and effective in the 21st-century work of work, organisations must prioritise activities that foster meaningful and hea... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.457 | 0.848 | ["management", "motivation", "education"] | 499 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211029 | [
-0.007920818403363228,
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0.011... | ||
atly from motivation and support from management. Management can advocate and encourage avenues for healthy co-worker relations by promoting and allocating resources to build healthy interpersonal relationships while advocating for policies and practices that reduce bullying and toxic behaviour among colleagues. Resear... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.406 | 0.844 | ["management", "motivation", "networking"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211093 | [
-0.0015533354599028826,
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tions between employees that manifest as bullying, victimisation and favouritism (Ribeiro et al., 2022 ). In curbing such behaviour, focus must be geared towards capacitating employees to contribute to a healthy, functional work environment. This has the potential to reduce the toxic work environments. In summary, the ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.464 | 0.854 | ["leadership", "war_conflict", "education"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211150 | [
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vamp workplace practices and policies that foster healthy co-worker relations. Limitations and recommendations for further research Several limitations were encountered in the present study. Firstly, the cross-sectional research design of the present study made it difficult to make a causal inference and to assess inci... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.399 | 0.824 | ["education", "crisis"] | 441 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211205 | [
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from a large and heterogeneous study population. This limitation came in the form of a smaller sample size that was acquired, which made statistical analysis delicate, as conclusions regarding the relationship between the variables could not be verified. Therefore, it is recommended that longitudinal studies should be ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.385 | 0.85 | ["education", "networking", "philosophy"] | 508 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211261 | [
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ay be more reliable than a cross-sectional study. Secondly, the study only investigated transformational leadership style and co-worker support as key predictors of work engagement and work motivation. There could be many other factors that could also influence the work engagement and work motivation of academics at in... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.463 | 0.846 | ["education", "leadership", "motivation", "career", "philosophy"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211318 | [
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te, job attitudes, job resources and demands, etc. Thirdly, it is recommended to use a different data collection method (such as the use of hard copy papers), as the use of online surveys may have negatively impacted the sample size because of a low response rate. Conclusion Employee engagement and work motivation are ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.539 | 0.848 | ["career", "motivation"] | 472 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211378 | [
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rganisations during and after the COVID pandemic. Organisations must find avenues to enhance the engagement and motivation of employees so that they can create effective, productive and conducive work environments by capitalising on the strengths and positive attributes of employees within the workplace. This study rev... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.517 | 0.846 | ["leadership", "motivation", "education"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211435 | [
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e leadership component as traditionally expected. Acknowledgements This article is partially based on the author, U.N.’s Honours dissertation entitled, ‘The influence of Transformational leadership style and co-worker support on work motivation and employee engagement of academics in higher institutions of learning in ... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.652 | 0.834 | ["leadership", "education", "motivation", "crisis", "war_conflict"] | 496 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211899 | [
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l Work, University of Namibia, Namibia, with A.M. as supervisor, received October 2021. The thesis is available from the corresponding author upon request. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.53 | 0.694 | ["education", "networking"] | 507 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.211968 | [
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and analysed the data and edited the manuscript. A.M. also supervised the project. Funding information This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or non-profit sectors. Data availability The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.52 | 0.698 | ["philosophy", "career", "education"] | 490 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.212028 | [
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-0451 Jabeen, A., Arif, T., & Manzoor, M. (2019). Relationship between teacher motivation and leadership style: An empirical study of public sector colleges of Punjab, Pakistan. Global Regional Review , 4 (4), 412–423. https://doi.org/10.31703/grr.2019[IV-IV].43 Jo, S. (2014). Teacher commitment: Exploring associations... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.632 | 0.67 | ["leadership", "networking", "education", "motivation"] | 477 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.212981 | [
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ate.2014.07.004 Jose, G., & Mamplilly, S. (2014). Psychological empowerment as a predictor of employee engagement: An empirical attestation. Global Business Review , 15 (1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150913515589 Kahn, W. (1990). Psychological conditions of personal engagement and disengagement at work. The A... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.648 | 0.668 | ["management"] | 482 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213063 | [
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itutions struggling to accommodate new students . Retrieved from https://www.namibian.com.na/tertiary-institutions-struggling-to-accommodate-new-student Kelloway, E.K., Dimoff, J.K., & Gilbert, S. (2023). Mental health in the workplace. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior , 10 (1), 36... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.572 | 0.562 | [] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213115 | [
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G., Kjellberg, K., Jonsson, J., Wegman, D.H., & Bodin, T. (2020). What is precarious employment? A systematic review of definitions and operationalizations from quantitative and qualitative studies. Scandinavian Journal of Work and Environmental Health , 46 (3), 235–247. https://doi.org/10.5271/sjweh.3875 Kulikowski, K... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.547 | 0.69 | ["motivation", "career"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213170 | [
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Opening the debate on a new equilibrium in e-learning. Sustainability , 13 , 2752. https://doi.org/10.3390/sul3052752 Makera, A.U., Nasidi, Y., Kamaruddeen, A.M., & Jemaku, I.M. (2019). Correlation between team and co-worker relationship and employee engagement. Journal of Advanced Research in Business and Management S... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.639 | 0.69 | ["leadership", "management", "philosophy", "networking", "education"] | 512 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213226 | [
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ional performance through the strong lecturer engagement. Psychological and Education Journal , 58 (2), 4595–4605. https://doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i2.2848 Maslow, A. (1954). Motivation and personality . Harper & Row. May, D., Gilson, R., & Harter, L. (2004). The psychological conditions of meaningfulness, safety and av... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.634 | 0.68 | ["motivation", "faith_spirituality", "education", "philosophy"] | 511 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213282 | [
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org/10.1348/096317904322915892 McLeod, S. (2007). Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. Simply Psychology , 1 , 1–18. Mozammel, S., & Haan, P. (2016). Transformational leadership and employee engagement in the banking sector in Bangladesh. The Journal of Developing Areas , 50 (6), 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1353/jda.2016.0127 Mu... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.615 | 0.692 | ["leadership", "crisis", "career", "philosophy"] | 508 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213338 | [
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Journal of Industrial Psychology , 48 (1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v48i0.1964 Naile, I., & Selesho, J. (2014). The role of leadership in employee motivation. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences , 5 (3), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p175 Nordat, I., Tola, B., & Yasin, M. (2019). Impact... | https://sajhrm.co.za/index.php/sajhrm/article/view/2943/4702 | Transformational leadership, co-worker support, ... | sajhrm.co.za | unknown | false | 0.666 | 0.664 | ["leadership", "motivation", "management", "crisis"] | 451 | Motivation Employee Engagement Leadership | topic | 2026-04-08T22:29:03.213399 | [
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