question_id int32 0 11.7k | question stringlengths 14 399 | choices listlengths 4 4 | answer stringlengths 4 70 | documents stringlengths 2.83k 8.63k | relevant_document stringlengths 50 2.74k |
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0 | What type of organism is commonly used in preparation of foods such as cheese and yogurt? | [
"A. gymnosperms",
"B. protozoa",
"C. viruses",
"D. mesophilic organisms"
] | D. mesophilic organisms | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | The yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important model organism in cell biology. The fruiting bodies of some larger fungi are collected as edible mushrooms, including delicacies like the chanterelle, cep, and truffle, while a few species are cultivated. Mould fungi provide the meaty (umami) flavour of ferment... |
1 | What phenomenon makes global winds blow northeast to southwest or the reverse in the northern hemisphere and northwest to southeast or the reverse in the southern hemisphere? | [
"A. centrifugal effect",
"B. muon effect",
"C. coriolis effect",
"D. tropical effect"
] | C. coriolis effect | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: Extratropical cyclones in meridional flows tend to be stronger and move slower. This pattern is responsible for most instances of ... | Coriolis effect Circulation Kelvin's circulation theorem Vorticity equation Thermal wind Geostrophic current Geostrophic wind Taylor–Proudman theorem Hydrostatic equilibrium Ekman spiral Ekman layer |
2 | Changes from a less-ordered state to a more-ordered state (such as a liquid to a solid) are always what? | [
"A. unbalanced",
"B. exothermic",
"C. endothermic",
"D. reactive"
] | B. exothermic | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: Typically, the topics are, in order, descriptive chemistry/laboratory techniques, sto... | Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During adiabatic expans... |
3 | What is the least dangerous radioactive decay? | [
"A. gamma decay",
"B. zeta decay",
"C. alpha decay",
"D. beta decay"
] | C. alpha decay | Document 1 ::: The first three have similar half-lives, between 200 thousand and 300 thousand years; the last four have longer half-lives, in the low millions of years. Technetium-99 produces the largest amount of LLFP radioactivity. It emits beta particles of low to medium energy but no gamma rays, so has little hazar... | The stability of nuclei decreases greatly with the increase in atomic number after curium, element 96, whose half-life is four orders of magnitude longer than that of any currently known higher-numbered element. All isotopes with an atomic number above 101 undergo radioactive decay with half-lives of less than 30 hours... |
4 | Kilauea in hawaii is the world’s most continuously active volcano. very active volcanoes characteristically eject red-hot rocks and lava rather than this? | [
"A. magma",
"B. carbon and smog",
"C. smoke and ash",
"D. greenhouse gases"
] | C. smoke and ash | Document 1 ::: : 715 "Gravity, geology, and the specific orbit of the moon lead to the tidal patterns of the Earth's oceans and thus to both the environment in which early life evolved and in which tsunamis bring death and destruction to countless thousands of people". : 717–718 Holmes Rolston III says nature embodies ... | Determine what geologic processes have shaped the local terrain and influenced the chemistry. Such processes could include water or wind erosion, sedimentation, hydrothermal mechanisms, volcanism, and cratering. |
5 | When a meteoroid reaches earth, what is the remaining object called? | [
"A. meteor",
"B. comet",
"C. meteorite",
"D. orbit"
] | C. meteorite | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: The content within the book is written using a question and answer format. It contains some 250 questions, which The Science Teach... | Astronomy Weather and Nature Meteors and meteorites |
6 | What kind of a reaction occurs when a substance reacts quickly with oxygen? | [
"A. nitrogen reaction",
"B. Fluid Reaction",
"C. invention reaction",
"D. combustion reaction"
] | D. combustion reaction | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: Typically, the topics are, in order, descriptive chemistry/laboratory techniques, sto... | After this initial chemistry, three main global reactions occur. Combustion products react catalytically with syngas by the water-gas shift reaction. Also, volatile organics react catalytically with steam (H2O) to form new combustion products and syngas. |
7 | Organisms categorized by what species descriptor demonstrate a version of allopatric speciation and have limited regions of overlap with one another, but where they overlap they interbreed successfully?. | [
"A. ring species",
"B. surface species",
"C. fitting species",
"D. species complex"
] | A. ring species | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Hybrid speciation can be a component in the evolution of a species complex. Species complexes exist in all groups of organisms and are identified by the rigorous study of differences between individual species that uses minute morphological details, tests of reproductive isolation, or DNA-based methods, such as molecul... |
8 | Alpha emission is a type of what? | [
"A. heat",
"B. radioactivity",
"C. light",
"D. radiation"
] | B. radioactivity | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: These are conceptual ranking-task questions that help the student before embarking on numerical calculations. The textbook covers ... | The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi. |
9 | What is the stored food in a seed called? | [
"A. endosperm",
"B. membrane",
"C. larval",
"D. pollin"
] | A. endosperm | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Ask A Biologist is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. The companion website also includes a... |
10 | Zinc is more easily oxidized than iron because zinc has a lower reduction potential. since zinc has a lower reduction potential, it is a more what? | [
"A. much metal",
"B. Trap metal",
"C. active metal",
"D. usually metal"
] | C. active metal | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | Extremely pure zinc reacts only slowly at room temperature with acids. Strong acids, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, can remove the passivating layer and the subsequent reaction with the acid releases hydrogen gas.The chemistry of zinc is dominated by the +2 oxidation state. When compounds in this oxidation stat... |
11 | What is controlled by both genes and experiences in a given envionment? | [
"A. reflexes",
"B. animal behaviors",
"C. learned behaviors",
"D. instincts"
] | B. animal behaviors | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Genetics influence individuals as they select their environment. |
12 | What tells you how much of the food you should eat to get the nutrients listed on the label? | [
"A. serving size",
"B. scoop size",
"C. longer size",
"D. regular size"
] | A. serving size | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All q... | The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic. |
13 | What are used to write nuclear equations for radioactive decay? | [
"A. critical symbols",
"B. radioactive symbols",
"C. nuclear symbols",
"D. trigonometric symbols"
] | C. nuclear symbols | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | Although isotopes are more relevant to nuclear chemistry or stable isotope chemistry than to conventional chemistry, different isotopes may be indicated with a prefixed superscript in a chemical formula. For example, the phosphate ion containing radioactive phosphorus-32 is 3−. Also a study involving stable isotope rat... |
14 | What is controlled by regulatory proteins that bind to regulatory elements on dna? | [
"A. substance transcription",
"B. amino acids",
"C. mRNA",
"D. gene transcription"
] | D. gene transcription | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Structural gene expression is regulated by numerous factors including epigenetics (e.g. methylation), RNAi, and more. Regulatory and structural genes can be epigenetically regulated identically, so not all regulation is coded for by “regulatory genes”.There are also examples of proteins that do not decidedly fit either... |
15 | Boron only occurs naturally in compounds with what element? | [
"A. helium",
"B. nitrogen",
"C. carbon",
"D. oxygen"
] | D. oxygen | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | Mendeleev commented that, "Boron appears in a free state in several forms which are intermediate between the metals and the nonmmetals. "The structural chemistry of boron is dominated by its small atomic size, and relatively high ionization energy. With only three valence electrons per boron atom, simple covalent bondi... |
16 | What organ systems link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body? | [
"A. pulmonary",
"B. nervous",
"C. circulatory",
"D. vascular"
] | C. circulatory | Document 1 ::: NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3.
Document 2 ::: Humans have the overall body plan of a mammal. Humans have a head, neck, trunk (which includes the thorax and abdomen), two arms and ha... | One of the challenges of 3D printing organs is to recreate the vasculature required to keep the organs alive. Designing a correct vasculature is necessary for the transport of nutrients, oxygen, and waste. Blood vessels, especially capillaries, are difficult due to the small diameter. Progress has been made in this are... |
17 | What occurs when the immune system attacks a harmless substance that enters the body from the outside? | [
"A. nausea",
"B. panic attack",
"C. allergy",
"D. plague"
] | C. allergy | Document 1 ::: ": 46 She also contended that the two studies that had failed to replicate the Uhlmann paper's results were flawed for two reasons: because they looked at cells of children with autism rather than in their GI tract, and because they did not test children with autism with gastrointestinal dysfunction. : 6... | ": 46 She also contended that the two studies that had failed to replicate the Uhlmann paper's results were flawed for two reasons: because they looked at cells of children with autism rather than in their GI tract, and because they did not test children with autism with gastrointestinal dysfunction. : 629A Immunologis... |
18 | Fertilization is the union of a sperm and egg, resulting in the formation of what? | [
"A. a cytoplasm",
"B. a nuclei",
"C. a bacteriophage",
"D. a zygote"
] | D. a zygote | Document 1 ::: In biology, polyspermy describes the fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm. Diploid organisms normally contain two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent. The cell resulting from polyspermy, on the other hand, contains three or more copies of each chromosome—one from the egg and one eac... | In biology, polyspermy describes the fertilization of an egg by more than one sperm. Diploid organisms normally contain two copies of each chromosome, one from each parent. The cell resulting from polyspermy, on the other hand, contains three or more copies of each chromosome—one from the egg and one each from multiple... |
19 | The plants alternation between haploid and diploud generations allow it to do what? | [
"A. reproduce asexually and sexually",
"B. reproduce asexually and biologically",
"C. reproduce asexually and simultaneously",
"D. reproduce sexually and autonomously"
] | A. reproduce asexually and sexually | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | In the anther, after a microspore undergoes microsporogenesis, it can deviate towards embryogenesis and become star-like microspores. The microspore can then go one of four ways: Become an embryogenic microspore, undergo callogenesis to organogenesis (haploid/double haploid plant), become a pollen-like structure or die... |
20 | Most of the chemical reactions in the body are facilitated by what? | [
"A. proteins",
"B. vitamins",
"C. enzymes",
"D. carbohydrates"
] | C. enzymes | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | Biochemistry is the science of the chemical processes which takes place within living organisms. Living organisms need essential elements to survive, among which are carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, calcium, and phosphorus. These elements make up the four macromolecules that living organisms need to survive: carbohy... |
21 | What is the termination of a pregnancy in progress called? | [
"A. delivery",
"B. abortion",
"C. contraception",
"D. miscarriage"
] | B. abortion | Document 1 ::: NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3.
Document 2 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students receive... | NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3. |
22 | Cutting down on the use of chemical fertilizers and preserving wetlands are ways to prevent what "unlivable" regions in bodies of water? | [
"A. inhabitable zones",
"B. dead zones",
"C. hostile zones",
"D. fresh zones"
] | B. dead zones | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Contaminant remediation in aquifers. The decision problem is where to locate wells, and choose a pumping rate, to minimize the cost to prevent spread of a contaminant. The constraints are associated with the hydrogeological flows.Water allocation to improve wetlands. This optimization model recommends water allocation ... |
23 | Which muscles allow your fingers to also make precise movements for actions? | [
"A. fine movement muscles",
"B. paired muscles",
"C. intrinsic muscles",
"D. motoric muscles"
] | C. intrinsic muscles | Document 1 ::: Most mathematics questions, or calculation questions from subjects such as chemistry, physics, or economics employ a style which does not fall into any of the above categories, although some papers, notably the Maths Challenge papers in the United Kingdom employ multiple choice. Instead, most mathematics... | Questions are answered with on-screen interfaces (staff, piano, guitar, bass, violin, cello, banjo and other stringed instruments), a functional keyboard with scale degrees and solfege syllables, multiple-choice buttons, a MIDI instrument, or through a microphone (voice, clapping or acoustic instruments). The user can ... |
24 | Testing what usually requires making observations or performing experiments? | [
"A. homeostasis",
"B. hypothesis",
"C. variables",
"D. conclusion"
] | B. hypothesis | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | After the on-line questions, students will take a test about what they have learned while solving the on-line questions. First grade students in high school take this test. The questions are based on basic chemistry. The test can determine how much the students understand basic chemistry. |
25 | This sharing of electrons produces what is known as a covalent bond. covalent bonds are ~20 to 50 times stronger than what? | [
"A. van der waals interactions",
"B. gravitational pull",
"C. Mendelian systems",
"D. Newton's third law"
] | A. van der waals interactions | Document 1 ::: In organic chemistry, covalent bonding is much more common than ionic bonding. Covalent bonding also includes many kinds of interactions, including σ-bonding, π-bonding, metal-to-metal bonding, agostic interactions, bent bonds, three-center two-electron bonds and three-center four-electron bonds. The ter... | The energy of a hydrogen bond depends on the geometry, the environment, and the nature of the specific donor and acceptor atoms and can vary between 1 and 40 kcal/mol. This makes them somewhat stronger than a van der Waals interaction, and weaker than fully covalent or ionic bonds. This type of bond can occur in inorga... |
26 | Water molecules move about continuously due to what type of energy? | [
"A. seismic",
"B. optical",
"C. potential",
"D. kinetic"
] | D. kinetic | Document 1 ::: These are conceptual ranking-task questions that help the student before embarking on numerical calculations. The textbook covers most of the basic topics in physics: Mechanics Waves Thermodynamics Electromagnetism Optics Special RelativityThe extended edition also contains introductions to topics such a... | In coarse-grain models, each site can represent several water molecules. Many-body models. Water models built using training-set configurations solved quantum mechanically, which then use machine learning protocols to extract potential-energy surfaces. These potential-energy surfaces are fed into MD simulations for an ... |
27 | A small scale version of what type of map displays individual rock units? | [
"A. polar map",
"B. geologic map",
"C. seismic map",
"D. geographic map"
] | B. geologic map | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | Some universities and secondary educators are integrating digital geologic mapping into class work. For example, The GeoPad project describes the combination of technology, teaching field geology, and geologic mapping in programs such as Bowling Green State University’s geology field camp. At Urbino University (Italy)... |
28 | What is defined as a change in the inherited traits of organisms over time? | [
"A. variation",
"B. generation",
"C. evolution",
"D. divergence"
] | C. evolution | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | : 110 For example, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was a French naturalist who said the changes an organism makes as it adapts to its environment can be passed down to subsequent generations through gene expression (which genes get turned off). This has been taken up by the new field of epigenetics. : 160–167: 111 The mutation t... |
29 | What hormone, which is associated with luteinizing hormone and male sexuality, helps bring about physical changes in puberty? | [
"A. testosterone",
"B. epinephrine",
"C. steroids",
"D. estrogen"
] | A. testosterone | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Precocious puberty can be classified into central (gonadotropin-dependent) precocious puberty or peripheral (gonadotropin-independent) puberty. Peripheral precocious puberty has been linked to exposure to exogenous estrogenic compounds. Age of onset of puberty is influenced by many factors such as genetics, nutritional... |
30 | Where do angiosperms produce seeds in flowers? | [
"A. cones",
"B. germs",
"C. testes",
"D. ovaries"
] | D. ovaries | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Following the evolution of the seed habit, seed plants diversified, giving rise to a number of now-extinct groups, including seed ferns, as well as the modern gymnosperms and angiosperms. Gymnosperms produce "naked seeds" not fully enclosed in an ovary; modern representatives include conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gneta... |
31 | In order to create food, what do photosynthetic protists use? | [
"A. light energy",
"B. thermal energy",
"C. hydrocarbons",
"D. decayed matter"
] | A. light energy | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | Ask A Biologist is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. The companion website also includes a... |
32 | What type of vertebrates are birds? | [
"A. invertebrates",
"B. exothermic",
"C. endothermic tetrapod",
"D. epidermal tetrapod"
] | C. endothermic tetrapod | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Q1 General biology Q2 Cytology Q3 Genetics Q4 Physiology Q5 Biochemistry Q6 Biophysics Q7 Molecular biology Q8 Bioengineering Q9 Zoology and botany |
33 | What type of ions do ionic compounds contain? | [
"A. positive and charged",
"B. regular and irregular",
"C. positive and negative",
"D. negative and neutal"
] | C. positive and negative | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | In ionic compounds, it can take on either a positive charge, becoming a cation composed of a bare proton, or a negative charge, becoming an anion known as a hydride. Hydrogen can form compounds with most elements and is present in water and most organic compounds. It plays a particularly important role in acid-base che... |
34 | All living things need air and this to survive? | [
"A. water",
"B. ecosystem",
"C. stimuli",
"D. habitat"
] | A. water | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | : 715 "Gravity, geology, and the specific orbit of the moon lead to the tidal patterns of the Earth's oceans and thus to both the environment in which early life evolved and in which tsunamis bring death and destruction to countless thousands of people". : 717–718 Holmes Rolston III says nature embodies 'redemptive suf... |
35 | The cells of all eukarya have a what? | [
"A. chloroplast",
"B. nucleus",
"C. necrosis",
"D. epidermis"
] | B. nucleus | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3. |
36 | What type of plate boundaries produce huge mountain ranges in the ocean basin? | [
"A. tractional",
"B. coherent",
"C. parallel",
"D. divergent"
] | D. divergent | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | This stable configuration is responsible for the geometry of plate motions at the surface due as well as mantle convection. Another name for the degree two structure, a roughly 200 kilometers (120 miles) thick layer of the lower mantle directly above the core–mantle boundary, is the D″ ("D double-prime" or "D prime pri... |
37 | Interstitial carbides are produced by the reaction of most transition metals at high temperatures with what element? | [
"A. hydrogen",
"B. nitrogen",
"C. carbon",
"D. oxygen"
] | C. carbon | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: Typically, the topics are, in order, descriptive chemistry/laboratory techniques, sto... | During this stage, the methods of making active materials depend on the electrode and the chemistry. For the cathode, two of the most popular chemistry are transition metal oxides, i.e. Lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxides (Li-NMC) and Lithium metal phosphates, i.e. Lithium iron phosphates (LFP). For the anode, the m... |
38 | Fungus-like protist saprobes play what role in a food chain and are specialized to absorb nutrients from nonliving organic matter, such as dead organisms or their wastes? | [
"A. aphids",
"B. Soil",
"C. fluxes",
"D. decomposers"
] | D. decomposers | Document 1 ::: Ask A Biologist is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. The companion website ... | Fungi are the principal decomposers in ecological systems. These and other differences place fungi in a single group of related organisms, named the Eumycota (true fungi or Eumycetes), that share a common ancestor (i.e. they form a monophyletic group), an interpretation that is also strongly supported by molecular phyl... |
39 | What are the sites of protein synthesis or assembly? | [
"A. chloroplasts",
"B. plasma",
"C. ribosomes",
"D. chromosomes"
] | C. ribosomes | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Replication of DNA and transcription from DNA to mRNA occurs in the nucleus while translation from RNA to proteins occurs in the ribosome. The genetic code is made of four base pairs: adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine and is redundant meaning multiple combinations of these base pairs (which are read in triplicate)... |
40 | What must replicate in the cell cycle before meiosis i takes place? | [
"A. meiotic fluid",
"B. dna",
"C. cell walls",
"D. sperm"
] | B. dna | Document 1 ::: Q1 General biology Q2 Cytology Q3 Genetics Q4 Physiology Q5 Biochemistry Q6 Biophysics Q7 Molecular biology Q8 Bioengineering Q9 Zoology and botany
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of... | The biology of T. vaginalis has implications for understanding the origin of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes. T. vaginalis is not known to undergo meiosis, a key stage of the eukaryotic sexual cycle. However, when Malik et al. examined T. vaginalis for the presence of 29 genes known to function in meiosis, they found... |
41 | What phenomenon is primarily the result of plate tectonic motions? | [
"A. volcanoes",
"B. tsunamis",
"C. earthquake",
"D. eruption"
] | C. earthquake | Document 1 ::: : 715 "Gravity, geology, and the specific orbit of the moon lead to the tidal patterns of the Earth's oceans and thus to both the environment in which early life evolved and in which tsunamis bring death and destruction to countless thousands of people". : 717–718 Holmes Rolston III says nature embodies ... | How do mineral, and metal ore deposits form? What are the fundamental physics of plate tectonics and heat, mass, and fluid transfer through Earth's crust? How can people better interpret geophysical data used to determine the structure and properties of Earth's crust? |
42 | What is a group of neuron cell bodies in the periphery called? | [
"A. ganglion",
"B. gangism",
"C. crystals",
"D. organism"
] | A. ganglion | Document 1 ::: NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 ... | These questions include how signals are processed by neurites and somas and how neurotransmitters and electrical signals are used to process information in a neuron. Neurites are thin extensions from a neuronal cell body, consisting of dendrites (specialized to receive synaptic inputs from other neurons) and axons (spe... |
43 | Where does most of our food come from? | [
"A. lichen",
"B. angiosperms",
"C. microbes",
"D. gymnosperms"
] | B. angiosperms | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | This includes further education about microbial, molecular and cell biology. Classes can include cell biology, virology, microbial and plant biology |
44 | Gases are most ideal at high temperature and what pressure? | [
"A. absolute",
"B. stable",
"C. high",
"D. low"
] | D. low | Document 1 ::: Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During a... | Chemists often use the phrase "standard temperature and pressure" or "STP" to convey that they are working at a temperature of 0 °C and one atmosphere of pressure (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry). There are three states of matter under these conditions: solids, liquids, and gases. Although all three ... |
45 | Hard igneous rocks and easily dissolved sedimentary rocks respond very differently to what natural force? | [
"A. sunlight",
"B. gravity",
"C. weathering",
"D. evaporation"
] | C. weathering | Document 1 ::: : 715 "Gravity, geology, and the specific orbit of the moon lead to the tidal patterns of the Earth's oceans and thus to both the environment in which early life evolved and in which tsunamis bring death and destruction to countless thousands of people". : 717–718 Holmes Rolston III says nature embodies ... | In contrast, "a decrease in the amount of rock fragments as depth increases, especially over saprolite, indicates that the soil materials probably has been transported down slope". Identification of residuum is relevant in soil science and geology because accurate identification conveys direct and implicit info about s... |
46 | A diet rich in calcium and what vitamin may reduce the risk of osteoporosis and related bone fractures? | [
"A. vitamin d",
"B. niacin",
"C. vitamin C",
"D. vitamin A"
] | A. vitamin d | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | The role of diet in the development of rickets was determined by Edward Mellanby between 1918 and 1920. In 1921, Elmer McCollum identified an antirachitic substance found in certain fats that could prevent rickets. Because the newly discovered substance was the fourth vitamin identified, it was called vitamin D. The 19... |
47 | How many people die from air pollution each year? | [
"A. 5 million",
"B. 14 million",
"C. 17 million",
"D. 22 million"
] | D. 22 million | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | The answer sheet had room for 115 answers; however, no test had more than 95 questions. 1–100 were standard multiple-choice bubbles and 101–115 were for 'relationship analysis questions', which were only used for the chemistry exam. The biology test was the only test to use answers 96–100; questions 1–60 were common to... |
48 | What substances serve as catalysts in most of the biochemical reactions that take place in organisms? | [
"A. iseotrops",
"B. carbohydrates",
"C. enzymes",
"D. hormones"
] | C. enzymes | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | Biochemistry studies the chemical properties of important biological molecules, like proteins, and in particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The biochemistry of cell metabolism and the endocrine system has been extensively described. Other areas of biochemistry include the genetic code (DNA, RNA), prot... |
49 | The formation of an amalgam allows the metal to react with what? | [
"A. cloth and plastic",
"B. air and water",
"C. helium and oxygen",
"D. blood and sweat"
] | B. air and water | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The second part contains 8 free response questions. Complete written explanations and... | This amalgamation can continue well beyond the vulnerable aluminium was exposed, potentially reacting with a large amount of the raw aluminium before it finally ends.The net result is similar to the mercury electrodes often used in electrochemistry, however instead of providing electrons from an electrical supply, they... |
50 | A pulley changes the direction of the force t exerted by the cord without changing its what? | [
"A. longitude",
"B. position",
"C. magnitude",
"D. latitude"
] | C. magnitude | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | Hestenes (1998) found that while "nearly 80% of the could state Newton's Third Law at the beginning of the course, FCI data showed that less than 15% of them fully understood it at the end". These results have been replicated in a number of studies involving students at a range of institutions (see sources section bel... |
51 | What is the name of the small bumps that contain taste buds and covers the tongue? | [
"A. palatine tonsils",
"B. cuticle",
"C. papillae",
"D. lingual tonsils"
] | C. papillae | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The answer sheet had room for 115 answers; however, no test had more than 95 question... | The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic. |
52 | In the absence of air resistance, all falling objects accelerate at the same rate due to what force? | [
"A. weight",
"B. velocity",
"C. gravity",
"D. motion"
] | C. gravity | Document 1 ::: Hestenes (1998) found that while "nearly 80% of the could state Newton's Third Law at the beginning of the course, FCI data showed that less than 15% of them fully understood it at the end". These results have been replicated in a number of studies involving students at a range of institutions (see sour... | Neither of two available options (pass or fail) was morally acceptable.By mutual agreement with the student and the examiner, Calandra gave the student another opportunity to answer, warning the student the answer would require demonstrating some knowledge of physics. The student came up with several possible answers, ... |
53 | The ability for a plasma membrane to only allow certain molecules in or out of the cell is referred to as what? | [
"A. selective permeability",
"B. total permeability",
"C. periodic permeability",
"D. moderate permeability"
] | A. selective permeability | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | Permeability depends on solubility, charge, or chemistry, as well as solute size. Water molecules travel through the plasma membrane, tonoplast membrane (vacuole) or organelle membranes by diffusing across the phospholipid bilayer via aquaporins (small transmembrane proteins similar to those responsible for facilitated... |
54 | In the presence of oxygen, hydrogen can interact to make what? | [
"A. helium",
"B. water",
"C. carbon",
"D. acid"
] | B. water | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | He speculated on hydrocarbons,: 11 hydrofluoric acid, and ammonia as possible alternatives to water. Some of the properties of water that are important for life processes include: A complexity which leads to a large number of permutations of possible reaction paths including acid–base chemistry, H+ cations, OH− anions,... |
55 | What galaxy is our solar system a part of? | [
"A. Centaurus",
"B. Bode's Galaxy",
"C. Andromeda",
"D. milky way"
] | D. milky way | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: The content within the book is written using a question and answer format. It contains some 250 questions, which The Science Teach... | Astronomy Galactic astronomy – studies the Milky Way galaxy. Extragalactic astronomy – studies everything outside the Milky Way galaxy, including other galaxies. Astrophysics Cosmology Physical cosmology |
56 | The angle at which light bends when it enters a different medium is known as what? | [
"A. resonance",
"B. refraction",
"C. frequency",
"D. bounce"
] | B. refraction | Document 1 ::: These are conceptual ranking-task questions that help the student before embarking on numerical calculations. The textbook covers most of the basic topics in physics: Mechanics Waves Thermodynamics Electromagnetism Optics Special RelativityThe extended edition also contains introductions to topics such a... | Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behaviour and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the construction of instruments that use or detect it. Optics usually describes the behaviour of visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light. Because light is an electromagnetic wave, other forms ... |
57 | Whether the organism is a bacterium, plant, or animal, all living things access energy by breaking down these? | [
"A. lipid molecules",
"B. protein molecules",
"C. carbohydrate molecules",
"D. oxygen molecules"
] | C. carbohydrate molecules | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Biomolecular chemistry is a major category within organic chemistry which is frequently studied by biochemists. Many complex multi-functional group molecules are important in living organisms. Some are long-chain biopolymers, and these include peptides, DNA, RNA and the polysaccharides such as starches in animals and c... |
58 | Increasing the temperature of n2 molecules increases what energy of motion? | [
"A. emotional energy",
"B. compression energy",
"C. kinetic energy",
"D. residual energy"
] | C. kinetic energy | Document 1 ::: Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During a... | According to classical mechanics, a diatomic molecule like nitrogen should have more degrees of internal freedom, corresponding to vibration of the two atoms that stretch and compress the bond between them. For thermodynamic purposes, each direction in which an atom can independently vibrate relative to the rest of the... |
59 | Which radio frequency should you listen to if you want less noise? | [
"A. wave",
"B. cb",
"C. am",
"D. fm"
] | D. fm | Document 1 ::: Radio Science is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the American Geophysical Union and co-sponsored by the International Union of Radio Science. It contains original scientific contributions on radio-frequency electromagnetic propagation and its applica... | Above 10 MHz there are numerous frequencies set aside for radio astronomy, space research (FCC terminology) and standard- frequency-and-time services. RF diathermy equipment uses 27.12 MHz to heat bulk materials or adhesives for the purpose of drying or improving curing. The industrial use of the frequency suggested th... |
60 | What form of radiation is the energy emitted by the sun? | [
"A. magnetic",
"B. seismic",
"C. electromagnetic",
"D. thermal"
] | C. electromagnetic | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: These are conceptual ranking-task questions that help the student before embarking on numerical calculations. The textbook covers ... | An elementary physics professor was teaching about how close you could get to the sun. He laid the foundation of heat and distance, and said that is as close as you can get FAPP. A boy asked, "what does that mean?" |
61 | What is the suns innermost layer called? | [
"A. flare",
"B. core",
"C. surface",
"D. solar"
] | B. core | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: The content within the book is written using a question and answer format. It contains some 250 questions, which The Science Teach... | In The Sun, Golub and Pasachoff explore the composition, nature, and significance of the Sun. They provide an account of the history of solar astronomy and discuss the advancements made by scientists. The book covers various aspects of the Sun, including sunspots, their magnetic properties, and their connection to sola... |
62 | A growth spurt requires constant divisions of what? | [
"A. cells",
"B. proteins",
"C. seeds",
"D. hairs"
] | A. cells | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All q... | Q1 General biology Q2 Cytology Q3 Genetics Q4 Physiology Q5 Biochemistry Q6 Biophysics Q7 Molecular biology Q8 Bioengineering Q9 Zoology and botany |
63 | What's the term for the gradual progression from simple plants to larger more complex ones in an area? | [
"A. primary succession",
"B. primary pattern",
"C. complex progression",
"D. pattern progression"
] | A. primary succession | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Succession was among the first theories advanced in ecology. Ecological succession was first documented in the Indiana Dunes of Northwest Indiana and remains an important ecological topic of study. Over time, the understanding of succession has changed from a linear progression to a stable climax state, to a more compl... |
64 | Fungi may form mutualistic relationships with plants, algae, cyanobacteria, and what? | [
"A. plants",
"B. eggs",
"C. animals",
"D. farmers"
] | C. animals | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Although commonly included in botany curricula and textbooks, fungi are more closely related to animals than to plants and are placed with the animals in the monophyletic group of opisthokonts. Analyses using molecular phylogenetics support a monophyletic origin of fungi. The taxonomy of fungi is in a state of constant... |
65 | Which cycle tracks the flow of nitrogen through an ecosystem? | [
"A. life cycle",
"B. water cycle",
"C. nitrogen cycle",
"D. nitrogen reaction"
] | C. nitrogen cycle | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Ecologists study and measure nutrient budgets to understand how these materials are regulated, flow, and recycled through the environment. This research has led to an understanding that there is global feedback between ecosystems and the physical parameters of this planet, including minerals, soil, pH, ions, water, and... |
66 | What consequence of a tornado is responsible for most injuries and deaths? | [
"A. flying debris",
"B. touring debris",
"C. catching debris",
"D. falling debris"
] | A. flying debris | Document 1 ::: Hestenes (1998) found that while "nearly 80% of the could state Newton's Third Law at the beginning of the course, FCI data showed that less than 15% of them fully understood it at the end". These results have been replicated in a number of studies involving students at a range of institutions (see sour... | : 715 "Gravity, geology, and the specific orbit of the moon lead to the tidal patterns of the Earth's oceans and thus to both the environment in which early life evolved and in which tsunamis bring death and destruction to countless thousands of people". : 717–718 Holmes Rolston III says nature embodies 'redemptive suf... |
67 | What are the only truly innate behaviors in humans called? | [
"A. flinches",
"B. automatic movements",
"C. reflexes",
"D. feats"
] | C. reflexes | Document 1 ::: NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3.
Document 2 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students receive... | The premises of evolutionary educational psychology state there are: (a) aspects of mind and brain that have evolved to draw the individuals’ attention to and facilitate the processing of social (folk psychology), biological (folk biology), physical (folk physics) information patterns that facilitated survival or repro... |
68 | What happens to the density of air as the altitude decreases? | [
"A. remains the same",
"B. increases",
"C. decreases",
"D. multiplies"
] | C. decreases | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | b. What did the scientist criticize a proof of? c. What did the scientist criticize the proof of? d. Why did the scientist criticize Max's proof of the theorem? |
69 | How do some animals change their depth? | [
"A. spontaneous mutations",
"B. by changing their density",
"C. mass migration",
"D. metamorphosis"
] | B. by changing their density | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | The test specifications for the Biology section changed in 2014. These changes reflected a shift on the way that Biology is taught in survey courses. This means that the questions now focus on "complex interactions within biological systems, rather than viewing biology in a reductionist manner". There are also changes ... |
70 | What phenomenon is crowding out other species and making all the other causes of extinction worse? | [
"A. human overpopulation",
"B. human suburbanization",
"C. climate change",
"D. migration"
] | A. human overpopulation | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | By contrast, conservation biology uses the extinction vortex model to classify extinctions by cause. When concerns about human extinction have been raised, for example in Sir Martin Rees' 2003 book Our Final Hour, those concerns lie with the effects of climate change or technological disaster. |
71 | Dessication is an extreme and usually fatal form of what in animals? | [
"A. dehydration",
"B. depletion",
"C. starvation",
"D. diarrhea"
] | A. dehydration | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | In biology and ecology, desiccation refers to the drying out of a living organism, such as when aquatic animals are taken out of water, slugs are exposed to salt, or when plants are exposed to sunlight or drought. Ecologists frequently study and assess various organisms' susceptibility to desiccation. For example, in o... |
72 | Internal and external forms of what life process occur as simple diffusion due to a partial pressure gradient? | [
"A. reproduction",
"B. photosynthesis",
"C. respiration",
"D. metabolism"
] | C. respiration | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Energy processing is also important to life as it allows organisms to move, grow, and reproduce. Finally, all organisms are able to regulate their own internal environments.Biologists are able to study life at multiple levels of organization, from the molecular biology of a cell to the anatomy and physiology of plants ... |
73 | The fossil record shows that this type of event is followed by the evolution of new species to fill the habitats where old species lived? | [
"A. moderate extinction",
"B. mass extinction",
"C. formation extinction",
"D. minor extinction"
] | B. mass extinction | Document 1 ::: Global assessments of biodiversity indicate that the current epoch, the Holocene (or Anthropocene) is a sixth mass extinction. Species loss is accelerating at 100–1000 times faster than average background rates in the fossil record. The field of conservation biology involves ecologists that are researchi... | Since 2006, though, a few fossils of similar animals have been found in rocks from the Ordovician, Silurian, and Early Devonian periods, in other words up to 100 million years after the Burgess Shale. The particular way in which such animals have been fossilized may depend on types of ocean chemistry that were present ... |
74 | Soluble minerals and clays accumulate in what soil layer, allowing it to hold more water? | [
"A. subsurface",
"B. topsoil",
"C. silt",
"D. subsoil"
] | D. subsoil | Document 1 ::: In contrast, "a decrease in the amount of rock fragments as depth increases, especially over saprolite, indicates that the soil materials probably has been transported down slope". Identification of residuum is relevant in soil science and geology because accurate identification conveys direct and implic... | If the clay is mixed with a solution containing other cations, these can swap places with the cations in the layer around the clay particles, which gives clays a high capacity for ion exchange. The chemistry of clay minerals, including their capacity to retain nutrient cations such as potassium and ammonium, is importa... |
75 | What is the common word for potential difference in a circuit? | [
"A. frequency",
"B. voltage",
"C. watt",
"D. velocity"
] | B. voltage | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | Task 1: "Answer retrieval" matching old post answers to newly posed questions, and Task 2: "Formula retrieval" matching old post formulae to new questions. Starting with the domain of mathematics, which involves formula language, the goal is to later extend the task to other domains (e.g., STEM disciplines, such as che... |
76 | How many chambers does the stomach of a crocodile have? | [
"A. ten",
"B. six",
"C. two",
"D. three"
] | C. two | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3. |
77 | When populations get close to the carrying capacity, what happens to growth? | [
"A. halts",
"B. slows",
"C. spikes",
"D. dies"
] | B. slows | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | b. What did the scientist criticize a proof of? c. What did the scientist criticize the proof of? d. Why did the scientist criticize Max's proof of the theorem? |
78 | Although air can transfer heat rapidly by convection, it is a poor conductor and thus a good what? | [
"A. absorber",
"B. transporter",
"C. insulator",
"D. magnet"
] | C. insulator | Document 1 ::: Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During a... | Typical uses include bending, mechanical contact, thermal (conduction, convection and radiation) fluid dynamics, and coupled or uncoupled multiphysics. |
79 | Most plants grow continuously, except for what periods? | [
"A. mutant",
"B. winter",
"C. dormant",
"D. abnormal"
] | C. dormant | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Ask A Biologist is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. The companion website also includes a... |
80 | What man-made devices in space are used to observe the earth's surface? | [
"A. telescopes",
"B. satellites",
"C. sensors",
"D. crystals"
] | B. satellites | Document 1 ::: The paper consists of single correct type questions. There are questions from high school level physics, mathematics and some questions from general astronomy.
Document 2 ::: The content within the book is written using a question and answer format. It contains some 250 questions, which The Science Teach... | Space research. Geodesy 53 Physics 531/534 Mechanics 535 Optics 536 Heat. |
81 | Carboxylic acids are weak acids, meaning they are not 100% ionized in what? | [
"A. water",
"B. ethanol",
"C. air",
"D. liquid"
] | A. water | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | In general, organic acids are weak acids and do not dissociate completely in water, whereas the strong mineral acids do. Lower molecular mass organic acids such as formic and lactic acids are miscible in water, but higher molecular mass organic acids, such as benzoic acid, are insoluble in molecular (neutral) form. On ... |
82 | An endocrine disease usually involves the secretion of too much or not enough of what? | [
"A. sweat",
"B. metabolite",
"C. enzyme",
"D. hormone"
] | D. hormone | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | An endocrinologist needs extensive knowledge of clinical chemistry and biochemistry to understand the uses and limitations of the investigations. A second important aspect of the practice of endocrinology is distinguishing human variation from disease. |
83 | In experiments with garden peas, austrian monk gregor mendel described the basic patterns of what? | [
"A. inheritance",
"B. preference",
"C. color",
"D. behavior"
] | A. inheritance | Document 1 ::: In the mid-19th century, Austrian monk Gregor Mendel's observations of pea pods led to the principles of Mendelian genetics, the foundation of modern genetics. He ended up growing and examining about 28,000 pea plants in the course of his experiments.Mendel chose peas for his experiments because he could... | In the mid-19th century, Austrian monk Gregor Mendel's observations of pea pods led to the principles of Mendelian genetics, the foundation of modern genetics. He ended up growing and examining about 28,000 pea plants in the course of his experiments.Mendel chose peas for his experiments because he could grow them easi... |
84 | Nutrition and diet affect your metabolism. more energy is required to break down fats and proteins than this? | [
"A. electrolytes",
"B. minerals",
"C. vitamins",
"D. carbohydrates"
] | D. carbohydrates | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | Nutritional science as a subject is taught at universities around the world. At the beginning of the programs, the basic subjects of biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics are part of the curriculum. Later, a focus is on inorganic chemistry, functional biology, biochemistry and genetics. At most universities, stud... |
85 | What are unsaturated hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms called? | [
"A. enzymes",
"B. peptides",
"C. alkenes",
"D. amines"
] | C. alkenes | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: alkene In organic chemistry, an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains a... | alkene In organic chemistry, an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon double bond. alkyne In organic chemistry, an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon—carbon triple bond. alloy A combination of metals or of a metal and another element. |
86 | What is the opposite of melting? | [
"A. compression",
"B. liquidation",
"C. evaporation",
"D. freezing"
] | D. freezing | Document 1 ::: Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During a... | Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During adiabatic expans... |
87 | A unique characteristic of mammals is the ability to chew, this happens by the temporalis and the masseter allowing what? | [
"A. Grinding",
"B. Up and down",
"C. side-to-side movement",
"D. Bakward and forward"
] | C. side-to-side movement | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3. |
88 | Most of the pathogens that cause stis enter the body through mucous membranes of which organs? | [
"A. eyes",
"B. stomach",
"C. reproductive organs",
"D. kidneys"
] | C. reproductive organs | Document 1 ::: NBDE I consists of 400 multiple choice questions emphasizing basic sciences: 1. Human Anatomy, Embryology, and Histology 2. Biochemistry and Physiology 3.
Document 2 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a br... | This combinatorial approach enables a systems-level understanding of microbial contributions to human biology. But also other mucoide tissues as lung and vagina have been studied in relation to diseases such as asthma, allergy and vaginosis. |
89 | The activation of what kind of buds induces branching? | [
"A. axillary buds",
"B. leafy buds",
"C. arterial buds",
"D. lymphatic buds"
] | A. axillary buds | Document 1 ::: Ask A Biologist is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. The companion website ... | Q1 General biology Q2 Cytology Q3 Genetics Q4 Physiology Q5 Biochemistry Q6 Biophysics Q7 Molecular biology Q8 Bioengineering Q9 Zoology and botany |
90 | Sexual reproduction involves haploid gametes and produces a diploid zygote through what process? | [
"A. vivisection",
"B. sedimentation",
"C. fertilization",
"D. infection"
] | C. fertilization | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | Most animals and some plants have paired chromosomes, and are described as diploid. They have two versions of each chromosome, one contributed by the mother's ovum, and the other by the father's sperm, known as gametes, described as haploid, and created through meiosis. These gametes then fuse during fertilization duri... |
91 | All alkanes are composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, and have similar bonds, structures, and formulas; noncyclic alkanes all have a formula of cnh2n+2. the number of carbon atoms present in an alkane has what? | [
"A. done limit",
"B. such limit",
"C. no limit",
"D. crippling limit"
] | C. no limit | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | In organic chemistry, an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon. In other words, an alkane consists of hydrogen and carbon atoms arranged in a tree structure in which all the carbon–carbon bonds are single. Alkanes have the general chemical formula CnH2n+2. |
92 | What percentage of men suffer from some form of erectile dysfunction by age 40? | [
"A. approximately 60 percent",
"B. approximately 40 percent",
"C. approximately 80 percent",
"D. approximately 10 percent"
] | B. approximately 40 percent | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of topics. Approxima... |
93 | What secures together immovable joints and prevents them from moving? | [
"A. dense cartilage",
"B. light collagen",
"C. light cartilage",
"D. dense collagen"
] | D. dense collagen | Document 1 ::: The solid phase is made up of porous ECM. The proteoglycans and interstitial fluids interact to give compressive force to the cartilage through negative electrostatic repulsive forces. The ion concentration difference between the extracellular and intracellular ions composition of chondrocytes result in ... | The solid phase is made up of porous ECM. The proteoglycans and interstitial fluids interact to give compressive force to the cartilage through negative electrostatic repulsive forces. The ion concentration difference between the extracellular and intracellular ions composition of chondrocytes result in hydrostatic pre... |
94 | Transform faults are the site of massive what? | [
"A. vibrations",
"B. earthquakes",
"C. storms",
"D. tornadoes"
] | B. earthquakes | Document 1 ::: The test had 50 multiple choice questions that were to be answered in one hour. All questions had five answer choices. Students received 1 point for every correct answer, lost ¼ of a point for each incorrect answer, and received 0 points for questions left blank. The questions covered a broad range of to... | : 715 "Gravity, geology, and the specific orbit of the moon lead to the tidal patterns of the Earth's oceans and thus to both the environment in which early life evolved and in which tsunamis bring death and destruction to countless thousands of people". : 717–718 Holmes Rolston III says nature embodies 'redemptive suf... |
95 | When water goes above and below its freezing point, what rock-breaking phenomenon is common? | [
"A. ice locking",
"B. ice wedging",
"C. ice crushing",
"D. ice inverting"
] | B. ice wedging | Document 1 ::: Conceptual problems are often formulated as multiple-choice questions, making them easy to use during in-class discussions, particularly when utilizing active learning, peer instruction, and audience response. An example of a conceptual question in undergraduate thermodynamics is provided below: During a... | Urban Hjärne described frost effects in soil in 1694. By 1930, Stephen Taber, head of the Department of Geology at the University of South Carolina, had disproved the hypothesis that frost heaving results from molar volume expansion with freezing of water already present in the soil prior to the onset of subzero temper... |
96 | The diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic protists that encase themselves in intricately patterned, glassy cell walls composed of silicon dioxide in a matrix of organic particles. these protists are a component of freshwater and these? | [
"A. waste plankton",
"B. marine plankton",
"C. source plankton",
"D. land plankton"
] | B. marine plankton | Document 1 ::: Naegleria gruberi, freshwater non-pathogenic amoeboflagellate sometimes used in eukaryotic cell biology experiments. Emiliania huxleyi, unicellular marine coccolithophore alga, extensively studied as a model phytoplankton species. Thalassiosira pseudonana, unicellular marine diatom alga, extensively stud... | Naegleria gruberi, freshwater non-pathogenic amoeboflagellate sometimes used in eukaryotic cell biology experiments. Emiliania huxleyi, unicellular marine coccolithophore alga, extensively studied as a model phytoplankton species. Thalassiosira pseudonana, unicellular marine diatom alga, extensively studied as a model ... |
97 | What type of reactions form compounds? | [
"A. mineral reactions",
"B. chemical reactions",
"C. physical reactions",
"D. consumption reactions"
] | B. chemical reactions | Document 1 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has four answer choices. The questions are loosely grouped into 10 sets of 6 items; each set corresponds to a different chemistry topic.
Document 2 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chem... | Structure and Matter, 20% States of Matter, 20% Reactions, 35–40% Descriptive Chemistry, 10–15% Laboratory, 5–10% |
98 | Millions of years ago, plants used energy from the sun to form what? | [
"A. evolution",
"B. fossil fuels",
"C. greenhouse gases",
"D. carbon compounds"
] | D. carbon compounds | Document 1 ::: The NSEC contains only multiple choice questions. The questions include physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and inorganic chemistry. The stress on biochemistry is more in the NSEC than in the typical school syllabi.
Document 2 ::: The first part contains 60 multiple-choice questions. Each question has... | Ask A Biologist is a pre-kindergarten through high school program dedicated to answering questions from students, their teachers, and parents. The primary focus of the program is to connect students and teachers with working scientists through a question and answer Web e-mail form. The companion website also includes a... |
99 | What is the term for the process in which living things with beneficial traits produce more offspring than others do? | [
"A. natural selection",
"B. natural survival",
"C. natural process",
"D. natural variety"
] | A. natural selection | Document 1 ::: The student's score was based entirely on his or her performance in answering the multiple-choice questions. The questions covered a broad range of topics in general biology. There were more specific questions related respectively on ecological concepts (such as population studies and general Ecology) on... | natural selection A process in nature in which organisms possessing certain genotypic characteristics that make them better adjusted to an environment tend to survive, reproduce, increase in number or frequency, and therefore, are able to transmit and perpetuate their essential genotypic qualities to succeeding generat... |
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